Pramana Mimansa Tika Tippan

Author(s): Hemchandracharya, Sukhlal Sanghavi, Mahendrakumar Shastri, Dalsukh Malvania
Publisher: ZZZ Unknown
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/001069/1

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siM ghI jaina grantha mA lA GOODTC00 // granthAMka 9 // 07/0962 kalikAlasarvajJa zrIhemacandrAcAryaviracitA pramANa mImAMsA COOT/DS GOOGO/06/ saMsthApaka zrI bahAdurasiMhajI siMghI TOOOTC0360 11 RIUALCAND JISINGHI zrI DAlacandajI siMghAra siMghI jaina jJAnapATha 00.00 coco............GOO.G 5 www. [ mUlya rUpyaka 5-0-0] 0.9600.0 saMcAlaka zrI jinavijaya muni COOGO/OEGODS

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MAR Education Inter svargavAsI sAdhucarita zrImAn DAlacandajI siMghI janma vi.saM. 1921, mArga vadi 6 svargavAsa vi. saM. 1984, poSa sudi 6

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siMghI jaina granthamAlA nayama(9)maNikA SRIUALCANDJI SINGH . zrI DAlajansI siM PDATTA. HTTAM u ranMITRA TIHANNEL kalikAlasarvajJa zrIhemacandrAcArya viracitA pramANa mImAMsA

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siMghI jaina granthamAlA jaina Agamika, dArzanika, sAhityika, aitihAsika, kathAtmaka-ityAdi vividhaviSayagumphita prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza, prAcInagUrjara, rAjasthAnI Adi bhASAnibaddha bahu upayukta purAtanavAGmaya tathA navIna saMzodhanAtmaka sAhityaprakAzinI jaina grnthaavli| kalakattAnivAsI svargastha zrImad DAlacandajI siMghI kI puNyasmRtinimitta tassuputra zrImAn bahAdurasiMhajI siMghI kartRka saMsthApita tathA prakAzita sampAdaka tathA saJcAlaka jinavijaya muni [ sammAnya sabhAsada-mANDArakara prAcyavidyA saMzodhana maMdira pUnA, tathA gUjarAta sAhitya samA ahamadAvAda; bhUtapUrvAcArya-gUjarAta purAtatvamandira ahamadAbAda, jaina vAGmayAdhyApaka vizvabhAratI, zAntiniketana; saMskRta, prAkRta, pAlI, prAcInagUrjara Adi anekAneka graMtha saMzodhaka-sampAdaka / ] granthAMka prAptisthAna 'siMghIsadana vyavasthApaka-siMghI jaina granthamAlA ___ anekAnta vihAra 9, zAntinagara; poSTa-sAbaramatI / / 48, gariyAhATaroDa; po0 bAlIgaMja ahamadAbAda kalakattA sthApanAbda] sarvAdhikAra saMrakSita . . [vi.saM. 1906

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kalikAlasarvajJa zrIhemacandrAcAryaviracitA svopajJavRtti-sahitA pramANa mImAMsA [ paNDitasukhalAlanirmitabhASATippaNAdisahitA ] sampAdaka paNDita sukhalAlajI saMghavI pradhAnAdhyApaka, jainazAstrapITha-hindU vizvavidyAlaya, banArasa bhUtapUrva-darzanazAstrAdhyApaka-gujarAta purAtattvamandira-ahamadAbAda tathA paNDita mahendrakumAra nyAyazAstrI nyAyatIrtha, jainadarzanAdhyApaka-syAdvAdavidyAlaya banArasa paNDita dalasukha mAlavaNiyA nyAyatIrtha jainAgamAdhyApaka, hindU vizvavidyAlaya banArasa prakAzana kartA saMcAlaka-siMghI jaina granthamAlA * aha ma dA yA da-ka la ka sA prathamAvRtti, ekasahasra prati / vikramAbda 1995 [1939 kriSTAbda

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SINGHI SAINA SERIES A COLLECTION OF CRITICAL EDITIONS OF MOST IMPORTANT CANONICAL, PHILOSOPHICAL, HISTORICAL, LITERARY, NARRATIVE ETC. WORKS OF JAINA LITERATURE IN PRAKRTA, SANSKRTA, APABHRAMSA AND OLD VERNACULAR LANGUAGES, AND STUDIES BY COMPETENT RESEARCH SCHOLARSI FOUNDED AND PUBLISHED BY SRIMAN BAHADUR SIMHJI SINGHI OF CALCUTTA IN MEMORY OF HIS LATE FATHER SRI DALCHANDJI SINGHI. GENERAL EDITOR JINA VIJAYA MUNI HONORARY MEMBER OF THE BHANDARKAR ORIENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF POONA AND CUJRAT SAHITYA SABHA OF AHMEDABAD: FORMERLY PRINCIPAL AF GUJRAT PURATATTVAMANDIR OF AHMEDABAD: EDITOR OF MANY SANSKRTA, PRAKRTA. PALI, APABH RAMSA, AND OLD GUJARATI IWORKSI NUMBER 9 TO BE HAD FROM VYAVASTHAPAKA, SINGHI JAINA GRANTHAMALA SINGHI SADAN ANEKANT-VIHAR 9, SANTI NAGAR, PO. SABARMATI, AHMEDABAD.) 48, GARIYAHAT ROAD BALLYGUNGE, CALCUTTA Founded) All rights reserved [1931, A. D.

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PRAMANA MIMAMSA OF KALIKALA SARVAJNA SRI HEMACANDRACARYA WITH BHASA TIPPANA OF PANDIT SUKHLALJI SANGHAVI EDITED BY Pandit SUKHLALJI SANGHAVI HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT OF JAINA SASTRA, BENARES HINDU UNIVERSITY, LATE PROFESSOR OF INDIAN PHILOSOPHY, GUJARATA PURATATTVA MANDIRA, AHMEDABAD. AND Pandit MAHENDRA KUMAR SASTRI Pandit DALSUKH MALVANIA NYAYA TIRTHA NYAYA TIRTHA, JAINAGAMA TEACHER, NYAYADHYAPAKA SYADYADA JAINA VIDYALAYA, BENARES HINDU UNIVERSITY BEN ARES. BENARES. PUBLISHED BY . THE SANCALAKA-SINGHI JAINA GRANTHAMALA AHMEDABAD-CALCUTTA V. E. 1995) First edition, One Thousand Copies. [ 1939A. D.

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Khazhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhia // siNghiijaingrnthmaalaasmpaadkprshstiH|| xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx svasti zrImedapATAkhyo dezo bhAratavizrutaH / rUpAhelIti sannAnI purikA tatra susthitA / / sadAcAra-vicArAbhyAM prAcInanRpateH samaH / zrImaccaturasiMho'tra rAThoDAnvayabhUmipaH // tatra zrIvRddhisiMho'bhUt rAjaputraH prasiddhimAn / kSAtradharmadhano yazca paramArakulAgraNIH // muJja-bhojamukhA bhUpA jAtA yasminmahAkule / kiM varNyate kulInatvaM tatkulAjAtajanmanaH // patnI rAjakumArIti tasyAbhUd guNasaMhitA / cAturya-rUpa-lAvaNya suvAksaujanyabhUSitA / / kSatriyANIprabhApUrNA zauryadIptamukhAkRtim / yAM dRSTvaiva jano mene rAjanyakulajA sviyam // sUnuH kisanasiMhAkhyo jAtastayoratipriyaH / raNamalla iti hyanyad yannAma jananIkRtam / / zrIdevIhaMsanAmAtra rAjapUjyo yatIzvaraH / jyotirbheSajyavidyAnAM pAragAmI janapriyaH // aSTottarazatAbdAnAmAyuryasya mahAmateH / sa cAsId vRddhisiMhasya prIti-zraddhAspadaM param / / * tenAthApratimapremNA sa tatsUnuH svasannidhau / rakSitaH, zikSitaH samyak, kRto jainamatAnugaH // daurbhAgyAnacchizorkhAlye guru-tAtau divaMgatau / vimUDhena tatastena tyaktaM sarva gRhAdikam // 8 tathA caparibhramyAtha dezeSu saMsevya ca bahUn narAn / dIkSito muNDito bhUtvA kRtvA''cArAn suduSkarAn // jJAtAnyanekazAstrANi nAnAdharmamatAni ca / madhyasthavRttinA tena tattvAtattvagaveSiNA // adhItA vividhA bhASA bhAratIyA yuropajAH / anekA lipayo'pyevaM pratnanUtanakAlikAH // yena prakAzitA naikA granthA vidvatprazaMsitAH / likhitA bahavo lekhA aitihyatathyagumphitAH // * yo bahubhiH suvidvadbhistanmaNDalaizca satkRtaH / jAtaH svAnyasamAjeSu mAnanIyo manISiNAm // * yasya tA. vizrutiM jJAtvA zrImadgAndhImahAtmanA / AhUtaH sAdaraM puNyapattanAtsvayamanyadA // pure cAhammadAbAde rASTrIyazikSaNAlayaH / vidyApITha itikhyAtaH pratiSThito yadA'bhavat / / o AcAryatvena tatraucainiyukto yo mahAtmanA / vidvajjanakRtazlAghe purAtattvAkhyamandire // varSANAmaSTakaM yAvat sambhUSya tatpadaM tataH / gatvA jarmanarASTre yastatsaMskRtimadhItavAn / tata Agatya sallamo rASTrakArye ca sakriyam / kArAvAso'pi samprApto yena svarAjyaparvaNi // kramAtasmAd vinirmuktaH prAptaH zAntiniketane / vizvavandyakavIndrazrIravIndranAthabhUSite // siMdhIpadayutaM jainajJAnapIThaM yadAzritam / sthApitaM tatra siMghIzrIDAlacandasya sanunA // zrIbahAdura siMhena dAnavIreNa dhImatA / smRtyarthaM nijatAtasya jainajJAnaprasArakam // * pratiSThitazca yastasya pade'dhiSThAtRsaGghake / adhyApayan varAn ziSyAn zodhayan jainvaaddmym|| 2 tasyaiva preraNAM prApya zrIsiMghIkulaketunA / svapitRzreyase caiSA granthamAlA prakAzyate // vidvajjanakRtAmhAdA saccidAnandadA sadA / ciraM nandasviyaM loke jinavijayabhAratI // * XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX xxxxxxxxxxZh: xxxxxx szhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhia x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx '

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// siMghIjainagranthamAlAsaMsthApakaprazastiH // GER28SUREKAKURAKASHKULK asti baGgAbhidhe deze suprasiddhA manoramA / murzidAbAda ityAkhyA purI vaibhavazAlinI // nivasantyaneke tatra jainA UkezavaMzajAH / dhanADhyA nRpasahazA dharmakarmaparAyaNAH // zrIDAlacanda ityAsIt teSveko bahubhAgyavAn / sAdhuvat saccaritro yaH siMghIkulaprabhAkaraH // bAlya evAgato yo hi kartuM vyApAravistRtim / kalikAtAmahApuyoM dhRtadharmArthanizcayaH // * kuzAgrayA svabuddhyaiva savRttyA ca sunisstthyaa| upAya' vipulAM lakSmI jAtaH koTyadhipo hisaH // tasya manjukumArIti sannArIkulamaNDanA / pativratA priyA jAtA zIlasaubhAgyabhUSaNA // zrIbahAdurasiMhAkhyaH sadguNI suputrastayoH / astyeSa sukRtI dAnI dharmapriyo dhiyAM nidhiH // prAptA puNyavatA'nena priyA tilakasundarI / yasyAH saubhAgyadIpena pradIptaM yadgRhAGgaNam // zrImAn rAjendrasiMho'sti jyeSThaputraH suzikSitaH / yaH sarvakAryadakSatvAt bAhuryasya hi dkssinnH|| narendrasiMha ityAkhyastejasvI madhyamaH sutaH / sUnurvI rendrasiMhazca kaniSThaH saumyadarzanaH // santi trayo'pi satputrA AptabhaktiparAyaNAH / vinItAH saralA bhavyAH piturmArgAnugAminaH // anye'pi bahavazcAsya santi svasrAdibAndhavAH / dhanairjanaiH samRddho'yaM tato rAjeva rAjate // anyaccaB sarasvatyAM sadAsakto bhUtvA lakSmIpriyo'pyayam / tatrApyeSa sadAcArI taccitraM viduSAM khalu // nagarvo nApyahaMkAro na vilAso na duSkRtiH / dRzyate'sya gRhe vApi satAM tad vismayAspadam // ( bhako gurujanAnAM yo vinItaH sajjanAn prati / bandhujane'nurakto'sti prItaH possygnnessvpi|| deza-kAlasthitijJo'yaM vidyA-vijJAnapUjakaH / itihAsAdisAhitya-saMskRti-satkalApriyaH // samunnatyai samAjasya dharmasyotkarSahetave / pracArArtha suzikSAyA vyayatyeSa dhanaM ghanam // * gatvA sabhA-samityAdau bhUtvA'dhyakSapadAGkitaH / dattvA dAnaM yathAyogyaM protsAhayati karmaThAn // evaM dhanena dehena jJAnena zubhaniSThayA / karotyayaM yathAzakti satkarmANi sdaashyH|| OM athAnyadA prasaGgena svapituH smRtihetave / kartuM kiJcit viziSTaM yaH kArya manasyacintayat // pUjyaH pitA sadaivAsIt samyag-jJAnaruciH param / tasmAcajjJAnavRddhayartha yatanIyaM mayA varam // vicAryaivaM svayaM cite punaH prApya susammatim / zraddhAspadasvamitrANAM viduSAM cApi tAdRzAm // * jainajJAnaprasArArtha sthAne zAntiniketane / siMghIpadAGkitaM jainajJAnapIThamatiSThipat // ( zrIjinavijayo vijJo tasyAdhiSTha'tRsatpadam / svIkatu prArthito'nena zAstroddhArAbhilASiNA // // asya saujanya-sauhArda-sthairyodAryAdisadguNaiH / vazIbhUyAti mudA yena svIkRtaM tatpadaM varam // tasyaiva preraNAM prApya zrIsiMghIkulaketunA / svapitRzreyase caiSA granthamAlA prakAzyate // vidvajjanakRtAhAdA saccidAnandadA sadA / ciraM nandatviyaM loke jinavijayabhAratI //

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pRSTha Bima Yo 3 9 11 12 15 15. 15. 16 20 22 22 22 23 23 23 24 43 1227 22 23 24 43 45 56 64 64 21 23 46 50 64 73 75 78 83 87 66 66 134 35. paMkti 34 6 28 20 15 33 21 14 30 20 7 14 20 23 14 17 24 16 17 23 22 E 17 26 7 12 13 E 33 mm 2422 33 17 11 10 28 10 11 4 18 zuddhi vRddhi patra pramANamImAMsA azuddha tvarthApatyantarasya saMvit tanne anyAthA [ laghI [ tatvasa 0 kSetra iti / bhadekacihnaM tatrendreNa karmaNA asmAdA saMskArAvane sa citrapaTI jJAna [ nyA0 11.4. ] vyahAropagame [ jaibhi0 saptamI pakSa tadupyanu [ SaDda0 20 ] veditum ? || zabda iti zA anityA iti / prayonam bhASATippaNa ( pR0 211 ) ( praNAmapa0 2. 2. 22 / prAppakAri anekAja teSAmatItAnAgata pratyakSagrAhya vyaktivyaptyA kAyala tarkabhASA pari0 para nahIM kiye jaba ki paramArthika pariziSTa nyAyaratnamAlA zuddha tvarthApattyantarasya saMvit sti anyathA [ laghI0 [ tattvasaM 0 kSetra iti // 18 // bhedaka cihnaM tatrendreNa karmaNA asmadA saMskArAvanena sa citrapaTIjJAna [ nyA0 1.1.4.] vyavahAropagame [ jaimi0 saptamIpakSa tadapyanu [ nyAyama0 pR0 126 ] veditum // zabda iti / zA nityA iti / [ nyAyama0 pR0 11 ] prayojanam ( anuyo0 pR0 211 ) ( pramANapa0 2. 2. 22 / nyAyabhA 04. 2.2 / prApyakAri anekAntaja0 teSAmatItAnAgata parokSamA vyaktivyAptyA kAraNa tarkabhASA mokSAkarIya pari0 aura bhI kiye haiM / pAramArthika nyAyaratnAkara

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vidyApracAracittAya vijayadharmasUraye / madvidyAmUlamantrAya kurve sAdaramarpaNam // sukhlaalaa|

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granthAnukrama *860 1 saMketa sUcI 2 yatkiMcit prAsaMgika (zrI muni jina vijayajI) 3 sampAdana viSayaka vaktavya (zrI paM0 sukhalAlajI) 4 bhUmikA ( mahAmahopAdhyAya 'zrI paM0 pramathanAtha tarkabhUSaNa) 5 prastAvanA 1 granthaparicaya (paM0 sukhalAlajI) '2 pranthakAra kA paricaya (zrI rasikalAla cho0 parIkha) 6 pramANa-mImAMsA mUla grantha kI viSayAnukramaNikA 7 bhASATippaNa kI viSayAnukramaNikA 8 pramANa-mImAMsA (mUla grantha) . 9 pramANa-mImAMsAke bhASATippaNa 10 pramANa-mImAMsA ke pariziSTa 1 pramANa-mImAMsA kA sUtra pATha 2 pramANa-mImAMsA ke sUtroM kI tulanA 3 pramANa-mImAMsAgata vizeSanAmoM kI sUcI 4 pramANa-mImAMsAgata pAribhASika zabdoM kI sUcI 5 pramANa-mImAMsAgata avataraNoM kI sUcI 6 bhASATippaNagata zabdoM aura viSayoM kI sUcI 7 bhASATippaNagata vizeSa nAmoM kI sUcI 51-54 1-72 . * 6 on a sm

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saMketa sUcI De. tA0 tA-mU0 DelA bhANDAra, ahamadAbAda kI prati / jesalamerastha bhANDAra kI tAr3apatrIya prati / tA0 prati kA mUla / pramANamImAMsA kI punA meM mudrita prati / mudritaprati kA TippaNa saMghavI bhANDAra pATana kI mUlasUtra kI prati sampAdaka * mu-Ti0 saM-mU0 sampA0 acyuta anuyo0 anekAntaja0 anekAntaja0 TI0 anyayo0 abhidhammattha0 abhidharma abhidhA0 ayoga. aSTaza aSTasa0 AcA0 Apa0 au0 Aptapa0 AptamI0 Ava0ni0 Ava0ni0 hAri0 uttara Rga.. kaTho0 kandalI kAvyapra0 kAvyAnuzA0 khaNDana0 gommaTa. .. . carakasaM0 citsukhI . / jaimi0 jaminIyanyA0 mAsika . (banArasa) anuyogadvArasUtra (aAgamodayasamiti, sUrata ) anekAntajayapatAkA (yazovijayagranthamAlA, kAzI) anekAntajayapatAkATIkA ( ,) . anyayogavyavachedikA, hemacandrAcArya abhidhammatthasaMgaho (gujarAta vidyApITha, adamadAbAda ) adhidharmakoSa . (kAzI vidyApITha, kAzI) abhidhAnacintAmaNi (yazovijayagranthamAlA, kAzI) ayogavyavacchedikA, hemacandrAcArya aSTazatI, akalaMka (nirNaya sAgara, baMbaI) aSTasahasrI zrAcArAMgasUtra (bhAgamodayasamiti, sUrata) zrApastambazrautasUtra zrAptaparIkSA (jainasiddhAntaprakAzinI saMsthA, kalakattA) prAptamImAMsA zrAvazyaka niyukti (zrAgamodaya samiti, sUrata) zrAvazyakaniyukti hAribhadrI TIkA uttarAdhyayana sUtra Rgveda kaThopaniSad prazastapAdabhASyaTIkA (vijayAnagaram, kAzI) kAvyaprakAza kAvyAnuzAsana (mahAvIra vidyAlaya, baMbaI) khaNDanakhaNDakhAdya ( lAjarasa, kAzI) gommaTasAra (paramazruta prabhAvaka maMDala, baMbaI ) carakasaMhitA ( nirNayasAgara, baMbaI ). ( nirNayasAgara, baMbaI) jaiminIya darzana ( nirNayasAgara, baMbaI) jaiminIyanyAyamAlA

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saMketa sUcI (isa grantha ke hindI TippaNa) (caukhambA, kAzI) ( esiyATika sosAyaTI, kalakattA) (caukhambA, kAzI) (gAyakavADa zro. sirIja, baroDA) tattvavai0 (ArhatamataprabhAkara, punA) TippaNa bhASATippaNAni tattvakau0 sAMkhyatattvakaumudI tattvaci0 pratyakSa tattvacintAmaNi pratyakSakhaNDa tattvavaizAradI tattvasaM0 tattvasaMgraha tattvasaM0pa0 tattvasaMgrahapaJjikA tattvA0 tattvArthasUtra tattvArthabhA0 tattvArthabhASya tattvArthamA0 TI0 tattvArthabhASya siddhasenIya TIkA tattvArtharA0 tattvArtharAjavArtika tattvArthazlo0 tattvArthazlokavArtika tattvo0 tattvopaplavasiMha likhita tattvopa0li. tantravA0 tantravArtika tarkabhASA mokSAkarIya likhita tAtparya nyAyavArtikatAtparyaTIkA tarkadI0 gaMgA tarkasaMgrahadIpikA-gaMgA TIkA tarkasaMgrahadIpikA daza0 ni0 dazavakAlikasUtraniyukti dazavai0 dazavaikAlikasUtra dinakarI nyAyasiddhAntamuktAvalI TIkA nandI0 nandIsUtra nayacakravR0 li. nayacakravRtti likhata nyAyaku0 nyAyakusumAJjalI nyAyakumu0 li. nyAyakumudacandra likhita nyAyapra0 nyAyapraveza nyAyabhA0 nyAyasUtra vAtsyAyanabhASya nyAyabi0 nyAyabindu nyAyabi0 TI 'nyAyabinduTIkA nyAyama0 nyAyamaJjarI nyAyavA0 nyAyavArtika nyAyavi0 nyAyavinizcaya likhita nyAyavi0 TI0li. nyAyavinizcayaTIkA likhita nyAya00 nyAyasUtra vizvanAthavRtti nyAyasA0 nyAyasAra nyAyasAratA0 nyAyasAratAtparyadIpikA nyA0 nyAyasUtra nyAyA nyAyAvatAra nyAyAva0 myAyA0 TI0 nyAyAvatArasiddharSiTIkA nyAyA0si0 Tika nyAyAvatArasiddharSiTIkATippaNI parI0 parIkSAmukha (de0 lA0, sUrata) ( sanAtanajainagranthamAlA, kAzI) ( gAMdhI nAthAraMga, baMbaI) (gUjarAta vidyApITha, ahamadAbAda ) (caukhambA, kAzI) (muni zrIpuNyavijayajI kI) (caukhambA, kAzI) (banArasa) (channUlAla jJAnacanda banArasa) (bhAgamodaya samiti, sUrata) (bhAgamodaya samiti, sUrata ) (ni. sA. bambaI) (zrA0 sa0 sUrata) (rAmaghATa jainamaMdira, kAzI) (caukhambA, kAzI) (paM0 mahendrakumAra, kAzI) (gA. zro. si0 baroDA) (cau. banArasa) (biblizrothekA buddhikA ) (vijiyAnagaram , kAzI) (caukhambA, kAzI) (paM0 kailAzacandrajI, kAzI) (caukhambA banArasa) ( eziyATika sosAyaTI, kalakattA) (jaina konpharaMsa, baMbaI) (phUlacandra zAtrI, kAzI)

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- saMketa sUcI pati0 mahA0 purAtattva puruSArtha prakaraNapa0 pramANana pramANapa0 pramANavA0 pramANasaM0 pramANasa0 pramANasa0 TI0 pra0mI0 prameyaka0 prameyara0 praza. bR0 svayaM pAtabbala mahAbhASya traimAsika, puruSArthasiddhyupAya prakaraNapaJcikA pramANanayatattvAloka pramANaparIkSA pramANavArtika pramANasaMgraha, likhita pramANasamuccaya pramANasamuccayaTIkA pramANamImAMsA prameyakamalamArtaNDa, prameyaratnamAlA prazastapAdabhASya bRhatsvayaMbhUstrotra ahamadAbAda (paramazrutaprabhAvaka, baMbaI) (caukhambA kAzI) (yazovijaya granthamAlA, kAzI) (jainasiddhAnta prakAzinI saMsthA, kalakattA) (zrImAn rAhula sAMkRtyAyanake prUphasITa) (zrI muni puNyavijayajI) (maisura yunivarsiTI) (prastuta saMskaraNa) (nirNaya sAgara, baMbaI) (phulacandra zAstrI, kAzI) ( vijiyAnagaram , kAzI) (prathamagucchakAntargata) (madrAsa) (madrAsa) (nirNayasAgara baMbaI) (zrAnandAzrama) ( eziyATika sosAyaTI, kalakattA) bRhatI bRhatIpa0 bRhadA0 bRhadA0 vA0 bodhicaryA bodhicaryA0pa0 nazAGkarabhA0 bhaga0 bhAmatI majjhima0 madhya0 vR0 manoratha mahAvagga0 mAThara0 mili0 mImAMsAzloka muktA0 muNDako0 yazo0 vAdadvA0 yazovi0 dharma yuktya0 yogabhA0 ratnAkarA0 rAjavA0 laghI0 laghIya laghI0svavi0 bRhatIpaJcikA, bRhadAraNyakopaniSad buhadAraNyakravArtika bodhicaryAvatAra bodhicaryAvatArapaJjikA brahmasUtrazAGkarabhASya bhagavatIsUtra, brahmasUtrazAMkarabhASyaTIkA majjhimanikAya mAdhyamikakArikAvRtti pramANavArtika manorathanandiTIkA vinayapiTaka-mahAvagga sAMkhyakArikA mATharavRtti milindaparAho mImAMsAzlokavArtika nyAyasiddhAntamuktAvalI muNDakopaniSada yazovijayakRta vAdadvAtriMzikA yazovijayakRta dharmaparIkSA yuktyanuzAsana yogasUtra vyAsabhASya ralAkarAvatArikA tattvArtharAjavArtika laghIyatrayI (nirNaya sAgara, baMbaI) (gUjarAta vidyApITha, amadAbAda ) ( nirNaya sAgara, baMbaI) (pAlITeksTa) (biblizrothekA buddhikA) . (zrI rAhula sAMkRtyAyana) (pAlITeksTa) (caukhambA, kAzI) .. (caukhambA, kAzI) (nirNaya sAgara, baibaI) (nirNaya sAgara, baMbaI) (mANikacamda granthamAlA, baMbaI) (caukhambA, kAzI) ( yazovijaya granthamAlA, kAzI) (mANikacandra granthamAlA, baMbaI) laghIyatrayI svavivRti likhita

Page #16
vai0 sU0 zlokavA0 / saMketa sUcI vidhivi0 nyAyaka0 vidhivivekanyAyakaNikA . ( caukhambA kAzI). vizeSA0 vizeSAvazyakabhASya ( yazovijaya granthamAlA, kAzI) vizeSA060 vizeSAvazyakabhASya bRhadvatti visuddhi0 visuddhimagga (pAlITeksTa) vedAntasAra (nirNayasAgara, bambaI) vai0 upa0 vaizeSikasUtra upaskAra (caukhambA, kAzI) vai0 bhUSaNa vaiyAkaraNabhUSaNasAra vaizeSikasUtra zAbarabhA0 zAbarabhASya (caukhambA banArasa) zAstradI0 zAstradIpikA zAstravA0 zAstravArtAsamuccaya zAstravA0TI0 sAstrabArtAsamuccaya yazovijayaTIkA . .... zAstravA0 svo0 zAstravArtAsamuccaya svopaTIkA zrIbhASya (lAjarasa, banArasa) zlo0 mImAMsAzlokavArtika (caukhambA, kAzI) zloka0 nyAya mImAMsAzlokavArtika nyAyaratnAkaraTIkA ( ) zvetAzva0 zvetAzvataropaniSad (nirNayasAgara, baMbaI ) SaDda0 SaDdarzanasamuccaya (AtmAnanda sabhA, bhAvanagara) saMyutta0 saMyuttanikAya ( pAlITeksTa) sanma0 sanmatiprakaraNa (gujarAta vidyApITha, ahamadAbAda ) sanmatiTI0 sanmatiprakaraNaTIkA sarvada0 sarvadarzanasaMgraha (abhyaMkara saMpAdita) sarvArtha sarvArthasiddhi ( kolhApura) sAMkhyata0 sAMkhyatattvakaumudI (caukhambA kAzI) sAM0 kA0 sAMkhyakArikA sAMkhyakA0 sAMkhyasU0 sAMkhyasUtra si0candro siddhAntacandrodaya siddhAntabindu (kumbhakoNam ) siddhivi0 siddhi vinizcayaTIkA likhita siddhivi0TI0 siddhivinizcayaTIkA likhita sUtrakR0 sUtrakRtAGgam ( Agamodaya, sUrata ). sthA sthAnAGgasUtram sphuTA0 sphuTArthAbhidharmakoSavyAkhyA (biblizrothekA buddhikA) syAdvAdama0 syAdvAdamaJjarI ( bombe saM0 sirIma) syAdvAdara0 syAdvAdaratnAkara (aAhatamataprabhAkara punA) , haimaza0 siddhahemacandrazabdAnuzAsana (ahamadAbAda ) haimaza0 0 siddhahemacandrazabdAnuzAsanabRhadvati. ( ) hetu hetubindu likhita (mI. tArakas esa. e.) hetubi0 TI0li. hetubinduTIkA likhita (gUjarAta vidyApITha, ahamadAbAda)

Page #17
yatkiMcit prAsaMgika __ kalikAlasarvajJa AcArya zrI hemacaMdra sUri kI antima kRti 'pramANamImAMsA' prajJAhak paNDitapravara zrIsukhalAlajI dvArA susampAdita hokara siMgho jainagranthamAlA ke 9 ma maNi svarUpa, sahRdaya sadvidya pAThakoM ke karakamala meM Aja upasthita kI jA rahI hai| paNDitajI kI isa viziSTa pANDityapUrNa kRti ke viSaya meM, isI granthamAlA meM, itaHpUrva prakAzita inake 'jainatarkabhASA' nAmaka grantha ke saMskaraNa ke prAraMbha meM jo hamane 'prAsaMgika vaktavya' likhA thA usake anta meM hamane ye paMktiyA~ likhI thIM - "isI jainatarkabhASA ke sAtha sAtha, siMgho jainagranthamAlA ke liye, aisA hI Adarza sampAdanavAlA eka uttama saMskaraNa, hemacandra sUri racita 'pramANamImAMsA' nAmaka tarka viSayaka viziSTa grantha kA bhI, paNDitajI taiyAra kara rahe haiM, jo zIghra hI samAptaprAya hogA / tulanAtmaka dRSTi se darzanazAstra kI paribhASA kA adhyayana karanevAloM ke liye mImAMsA kA yaha saMskaraNa eka mahattva kI pustaka hogii| bauddha, brAhmaNa aura jaina darzana ke pAribhASika zabdoM kI viziSTa tulanA ke sAtha unakA aitihAsika krama batalAnevAlA jaisA vivecana isa grantha ke sAtha saMkalita kiyA gayA hai, vaisA saMskRta yA hindI ke aura kisI grantha meM kiyA gayA ho aisA hameM jJAta nahIM hai|" isa kathana kI pratIti karAnevAlA yaha grantha, marmajJa abhyAsaka gaNa ke hAthoM meM, Aja sAkSAt upasthita hai| isake viSaya meM aba aura koI adhika paricaya dene kI AvazyakatA nhiiN| vahI vAkya phira kahanA paryApta hogA ki hAtha kaMkana ko ArasI kI kyA jruurt| isa grantha para paNDitajI ne jo TippaNa likhe haiM, hamAre alpajJa abhiprAya meM to, ve hemacandrasUri ke mUlagrantha se bhI adhika mahattva ke haiN| ina TippaNoM meM na kevala hemacandrasUri ke kathana hI ko spaSTa karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai, pratyuta bhAratIya pradhAna pradhAna darzanazAstroM ke anekAneka pAribhASika aura padArtha viSayaka kathanoM kA bar3A hI marmodghATaka aura tulanAtmaka vivecana kiyA gayA hai| kaI kaI TippaNa to tattaviSaya ke svataMtra nibandha jaise vistRta aura vivecanApUrNa haiN| ina TippaNoM ke adhyayana se bhAratIya darzanavidyA ke brAhmaNa, bauddha aura jaina ina tInoM viziSTa tattva nirUpaka matoM kI vibhinna tAttvika paribhASAoM meM aura lAkSaNika vyAkhyAoM meM kisa prakAra kramazaH vikasana, vardhana yA parivartana hotA gayA usakA bahuta acchA pramANa-pratiThita jJAna ho skegaa| jahA~ taka hamArA jJAna hai, apanI bhASA meM isa prakAra kA zAyada yaha pahalA hI grantha prakAzita ho rahA hai aura hamArA vizvAsa hai ki vidvAnoM kA yaha yatheSTa Adara pAtra hogaa| siMghI jaina granthamAlA ko yaha maNi, apekSAkRta samaya se, kucha vilamba ke sAtha prakAzita ho rahI hai-jisakA kAraNa paNDitajI ne apane saMpAdakIya vaktavya meM sUcita kiyA hI hai / gata varSa, grISmakAla kI chuTTiyoM ke pUrA hone para, paNDitajI ahamadAbAda se bambaI hokara banArasa jA rahe the, taba akasmAta epinDIsAITa nAma kI prANaghAtaka vyAdhi ne unheM AkrAnta kara liyA aura usake kAraNa, bambaI meM sara harakisanadAsa aspatAla meM zastra kriyA karAnI pdd'ii| vyAdhi bar3I umra thI aura 'paNDitajI kI zarIrazakti yoM hI bahuta kucha kSINa ho rahI thI, isaliye hamAre hRdaya meM tIvra vedanA aura aniSTa AzaMkA utpanna ho gaI thI ki hemacandrasUri kI mUlakRti kI taraha inakI yaha bhASAvivRti bhI kahIM apUrNa hI na raha jaay| lekina

Page #18
yatkicit prAsaMgika sadbhAgya se paNDitajI usa ghAta se sAnanda pAra ho gaye aura phira dhIre dhIre svAsthya lAbha kara, apane prArabdha kArya kA isa prakAra samApana kara ske| hamAre liye yaha bhAnandadyotaka udyApana kA prasaMga hai| paNDitajI apane saMpAdakIya vaktavya meM, prastuta grantha ke sampAdana kArya meM hamAre protsAhana ke liye AbhAra pradarzita karate haiM, lekina isa pUrI granthamAlA ke sampAdana meM, prAraMbha hI se hameM jo unakA protsAhana mila rahA hai usakA AbhAra pradarzana hama kisa taraha kreN| paNDitajI kI ukta pichalI vyAdhi ke samaya hameM to yaha zaMkA ho gaI thI, ki yadi kahIM AyuSkarma ke kSya se paNDitajI kA yaha paudgalika zarIra jJAnajyoti zanya ho gayA to phira vyAkulahadaya / hama isa granthamAlA ke samUce kArya ko ThIka calA sakeMge yA nahIM-so bhI samajha nahIM sakate the| granthamAlA ke isa sampAdana bhAra ko hAtha meM lene aura samuccaya lekhana-kArya meM pravRtta hone meM jitanA bAhya protsAhana hameM graMthamAlA ke prANapratiSThAtA zrImAn bAbU bahAdurasiMhajI se mila rahA hai utanA hI Antarika protsAhana hameM apane ina jJAnasakhA paNDitajI se mila rahA hai aura isaliye siMghI jaina granthamAlA hama donoM ke samAnakartRtva aura samAnaniyaMtRtva kA saMyukta jJAnakIrtana hai| aura isa kIrtana kI preraka aura protsAhaka hai videhI jJAnopAsaka bAbU zrIDAlacandajI siMghI kI vaha puNyakAmanA, jo unake satputra aura unhIM ke sadRza jJAnalipsu zrImAn bAbU bahAdurasiMhajI dvArA isa prakAra paripUrNa kI jA rahI hai| siMghIjI kI sadbhAvanA hI paNDitajI ke kSoNa zarIra ko protsAhita kara lekhanapravRtta kara rahI hai aura hamArI kAmanA hai ki isa graMthamAlA meM paNDitajI ke jJAnasaurabha se bhare hue aise kaI sundara granthapuSpa abhI aura grathita hokara vidvAnoM ke mana ko Amoda pradAna kreN| baMbaI, bhAratIya vidyAbhavana / . phAlguna pUrNimA saMvat 1965 ( jina vijaya

Page #19
sampAdana viSayaka vaktavya 1. pArambha-paryavasAna siMghI jaina-granthamAlA meM prakAzita honevAlA pramANamImAMsA kA prastuta saMskaraNa tIsarA hai| bahuta varSa pahale ahamadAbAda se aura pIche pUnA se, isa prakAra do bAra, pramANamImAMsA pahale chapa cukI hai| lagabhaga pacIsa varSa pUrva gujarAta se AgarA kI ora Ate hue bIca meM pAlanapura meM mere paricita muni zrI mohanavijayajI ne, jo kabhI kAzI meM rahe the, mujhase atizIghra pramANamImAMsA par3ha lii| vaha merA pramANamImAMsA kA prathama paricaya thaa| usa samaya mere mana para eka prabala saMskAra par3A ki sacamuca pramANamImAMsA hemacandra ke anurUpa ho kRti hai aura usakA saMpAdana bhI vaisA hI honA cAhie / pUnA se prakAzita saMskaraNa pahale ke saMskaraNa se kucha ThIka thA, para, prathama ke ve donoM saMskaraNa atyanta hI durlabha ho gae the| idhara I0 sa0 1933 kI julAI meM kAzI AnA huA aura 1935 meM hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke prAcya vidyA vibhAga ke jaina abhyAsakrama kA punarnirmANa tathA gavarnameNTa saMskRta kAleja, banArasa meM jaina parIkSA kA praveza huaa| baMgAla saMskRta esosiezana kalakattA kI saMskRta parIkSA meM to pramANamImAMsA bahuta pahale se hI niyata thii| kAzI meM hindU vizvavidyAlaya tathA gavarmeNTa saMskRta kAleja ina donoM ke abhyAsa-krama meM bhI pramANamImAMsA rakhI gii| isa prakAra eka ora vidyArthiyoM ke lie pramANamImAMsA kI nitAMta AvazyakatA aura dUsarI tarapha purAne saMskaraNoM kI atyanta durlabhatA ne mere mana meM par3e hue purAne saMskAra ko jagA diyaa| zAstrasamRddha bhUmi para to baiThA hI thaa| hemacandrasUri ke granthoM ke ananya upAsaka rUpa se pramANamImAMsA ke saMzodhana kI ora mana bhI thA aura phira mere mana ke sahakArI bhI mujhe mila gaye / yaha saba dekha kara nirNaya kara liyA ki aba kAma zurU kara diyA jAya / chuTTI hote hI pramANamImAMsA ke janma aura rakSaNadhAma pATana meM mere sAthI aura mitra zrIdalasukhabhAI ke sAtha pahu~cA aura 1935 ke maI kI pahalI tArIkha ko kAma kA zrIgaNeza huaa| ahamadAbAda sthita DelA upAzraya ke bhANDAra kI kArAja para likhI huI pramANamImAMsA kI prati sAtha le gayA thaa| pATana meM to saujanyamUrti muni zrI puNyavijayajI kI badaulata saba kucha sulabha hI thaa| unake pAsa jesalamera ke bhANDAra kI tAr3apatrIya prati kI phoTo thI jisameM vRtti sahita sUtroM ke atirikta alaga sUtrapATha bhI thaa| pATana sthita saMgha ke bhANDAra meM se eka aura bhI kAgaja para likhA huA mUla sUtrapATha mila gyaa| pUnAvAlI chapI huI nakala to thI hii| isa taraha do kevala mUla sUtrapATha kI aura do vRttisahita kI kula cAra likhita pratiyoM aura mudrita pUnAvAlI prati ke AdhAra para pAThAntara lene kA kAma pATana meM hI tIna saptAha meM samApta huaa| jUna mAsa meM ahamadAbAda meM hI baiThakara una lie hue pAThAntaroM kA vicArapUrvaka sthAna nirNIta karake yathAsambhava mUlasUtra aura vRtti ko vizeSa zuddha karane kAtathA granthakAra ke asalI lekha ke vizeSa samIpa pahu~cane kA prayatna kiyA gyaa| usI sAla julAI-agasta se phira kAzI meM vaha kAma prArambha kiyaa| mUlagrantha kI zuddhi, prApta TippaNoM kA yathAsthAna vinyAsa Adi prArambhika kAma to ho cuke the| aba purAnI bhAvanA ke anusAra tathA prApta sAmagrI ke anurUpa usa para yathAsambhava vizeSa saMskAra karane kA prazna thaa| idhara syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya ke jaina nyAyAdhyApaka paM0 mahendrakumArajI, jo usa samaya nyAya-kumudacandra kA saMzodhana kara rahe the, prastuta kArya meM sammilita kara lie ge| unhoMne granthAntaroM se avataraNoM ke saMgraha

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10 sampAdana viSayaka vaktavya bhAdi kA kAma zurU kiyaa| 1936 ke mArca taka sAdhana sAmagrI to apekSA se adhika ekatra ho gaI thI, para aba savAla AyA usake upayoga kaa| anya granthoM se jo aura jitanA saMgraha huA vaha mUgrantha se kaI gunA adhika thA aura use jyoM kA tyoM chapavAne se ine gine vidvAnoM ke alAvA dUsaroM ko vizeSa lAbha pahuMcane kA sambhava kama thaa| dUsarI ora vaha saMgraha mahattva kA hone se chor3ane yogya bhI na thA / anta meM, aisA mArga socA gayA jisameM sAre usa saMgraha kA ucita upayoga bhI ho, pustaka kA vyartha kada bhI na bar3he aura viziSTa vidvAnoM, adhyApakoM, saMzodhakoM aura vidyArthiyoM sabhI ke yogya kucha na kucha naI vastu bhI prastuta kI jAya / aura sAtha hI zAstrIya granthoM ke Upara likhane kA eka nayA prakAra bhI abhyAsakoM ke sammukha upasthita kiyA jAya / isake sAtha' sAtha yaha bhI socA ki saMskRta meM likhane kI apekSA vaha hindI-bhASA meM likhA jAya jisase likhI huI vastu adhika se adhika jijJAsuoM taka pahu~ca sake, rASTrIya bhASA meM zAstrIya granthoM kI samRddhi bhI bar3he aura agara yaha nayA sA prasthAna vidvAnoM kA dhyAna khIMca sake to vaha isa dizA meM kAma karane ke lie auroM ko bhI prerita kara skeN| isa vicAra se usI sAla hindI-bhASA meM TippaNa likhane kA sUtrapAta kAzI meM hI kiyA gayA jisakA antima rUpa isa pustaka ke anta meM bhASATippaNa ke nAma se prastuta hai| 1936 kI garamI meM soce hue khAke ke anusAra ahamadAbAda meM bhASA-TippaNoM kA amuka bhAga likha liyA gayA thA; phira varSAkAla meM kAzI meM vaha kAma Age bddh'aa| isa bIca sitambara-aktUbara meM kalakattA meM bhI thor3A sA likhA gayA aura anta meM kAzI meM usako samApti huii| siMghI jainagranthamAlA ke mukhya sampAdaka itihAsakovida zrImAm jinavijayajI kI sUcanA ke anusAra 1937 ke prArambha meM hI maiTara kAzI meM hI chapane ko de diyA aura unakI khAsa icchA ke anusAra yaha bhI taya kara liyA ki yathAzakya isa pustaka ko 1937 ke disambara taka prakAzita kara diyA jaay| isa nizcaya ke anusAra eka ke badale do presa pasanda kiye aura sAtha hI bIca ke aneka choTe bar3e adhUre kAma pUrA karane kI tathA nayA likha lene kI pravRtti bhI cAlU rakkhI jisase nirdhArita samaya Ane para mUlagrantha, bhASATippaNa aura kucha pariziSTa chapa ge| , ... kucha khAsa kAraNoM se 1938 kI janavarI meM ise prasiddha karane kA vicAra banda rakhanA par3A / phira yaha vicAra AyA ki jaba avazya hI thor3I derI honevAlI hai taba kucha anurUpa prastAvanA kyoM na likha dI jAya ? isa vicAra se 1938 ke mArca-aprila meM prastAvanA kA 'granthaparicaya' to likha diyA gyaa| para, maiMne socA ki jaba derI anivArya hai taba maiM isa prastAvanA ko apane kucha suyogya vidvAna-mitroM ko bhI dikhA dU~ jisase kucha na kucha yogya sudhAra hI hogaa| garamI meM ahamadAbAda meM tIna mitroM ne ise bhASA-TippaNa sahita pddh'aa| zrI jinavijayajI, zrI rasikalAla parIkha aura paM0 becaradAsa ina tInoM ne apanI apanI dRSTi ke anusAra rAya bhI dI aura sUcanAe~ bhI kii| para eka kAma bAkI thA jo mujhe vyAkula kara rahAthA, vaha thA granthakAra kA jIvana-lekhana / hemacandra mere mana jitane bar3e haiM vaisA hI unakA pUrNa jIvana likhane kA manoratha parezAna kara rahA thaa| isake vAste kAzI kI ora yathAsamaya prasthAna to kiyA para bIca meM hI bambaI meM zarIra aTaka gayA aura usako supravRtta banAne ke liye aspatAla meM upasthAna karanA par3A / aneka mitroM, vidyArasikoM aura santoM ko akalpya paricaryA ke prabhAva se zarIra kI rakSA to ho gaI para kAma kI zakti bahuta kucha kSINaprAya ho gii| phira bhI 1938 ke sitambara meM kAzI pahu~ca gyaa| para granthakAra ke.jIvana kA yatheSTa paricaya likhane jitanA svAsthya na pAkara Akhira meM usakA bhAra apane vidvAna mitra zrIrasikakALa parIkha ko sApA / unakA likhA huA 'andhakAra kA paricaya' saMkSipta hone para bhI gambhIra

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sampAdana viSayaka vaktavya tathA aitihAsika dRSTipUta hai| zrI parIkha ne kucha hI samaya pahale hemacandrAcAryakRta kAvyAnuzAsana graMtha kA viziSTa saMpAdana kiyA hai aura usa graMtha kI bhUmikA rUpa, jo svataMtra eka graMtha ke jaisA hI bahuta vistRta, aMgrejI nibandha likhA hai usameM hemacandrAcArya ke vyaktitva ke viSaya meM unhoMne bahuta kucha vistAra ke sAtha likhA hai| ataeva unakA yaha saMkSipnalekhana bilakula sAdhikAra hai| isa taraha AcArya hemacandra kI isa adhUrI kRti ke prakAzana meM bana sake utanI viziSTatA lAne kA prayatna karake use pUrNa jaisI banAne kI cirakAlIna bhAvanA bhI aneka choTe bar3e vinoM ko lAMghakara Aja pUrNa hotI hai| para, mujhe svIkAra karanA cAhie ki mitroM kA sAtha na hotA to yaha bhAvanA bhI mUlagrantha kI taraha adhUrI hI raha jaatii| 2. prati paricaya prastuta saMskaraNa meM upayukta pratiyoM kA paricaya isa prakAra hai tA0-jisa tADapatrIya prati kI phoTo kAma meM lAI gaI hai vaha jesalamerastha kilA gata bhANDAra kI pothI naM084 hai| usameM kula 137 patra haiM jinameM se 111 patroM meM mUla sUtrapATha tathA savRttika pramANamImAMsA alaga alaga haiN| bAkI ke patroM meM parIkSAmukha Adi kucha anya nyAyaviSayaka grantha haiN| isa prati kI lambAI 15"42 hai| prati ke anta meM aura koI ullekha nahIM hai / isameM TippaNI hai / yaha prati do vibhAgoM meM likhI gaI hai| pratyeka pRSTha para kama se kama tIna aura adhika se adhika pA~ca paMktiyA~ haiM aura pratyeka paMkti meM 70 akSara haiN| jahA~ patra ke Ter3hepana ke kAraNa AdhI paMktiyA~ haiM vahA~ 35 akSara haiN| isa prati kI phoTo 22 meToM meM lI gaI hai / leTa kI lambAI caur3AI 10"412' hai| De0-yaha prati ahamadAbAda ke DelA upAzraya kI hai| isameM kula 33 patra haiN| isakI lambAI 10" aura caur3AI 43 hai| pratyeka pRSTha para 15 paMktiyA~ tathA pratyeka paMkti meM adhika se adhika 64 akSara haiN| pratyeka patra kA madhyabhAga khAlI hai| mArjina meM bahuta hI bArIka akSaroM meM kahIM kahIM TippaNa haiM jo isa saMskaraNa meM le lie gae haiN| isa prati kA anta kA ullekha pramANamImAMsA pR0 64 kI TippaNI meM chapA hai usase mAlUma hotA hai ki yaha prati saMvat 1707 meM pATana meM likhI gaI hai| saM-mU0-isa prati kA vizeSa paricaya abhI mere pAsa yaha likhate samaya nahIM hai| 3. vizeSatAe~ prastuta saMskaraNa kI kucha vizeSatAe~ aisI haiM jinakA saMkSepa meM nirdeza karanA Avazyaka hai| ve kramazaH isa prakAra haiM pahalI vizeSatA to pATha-zuddhi kI hai| jahA~ taka ho sakA mUlagrantha ko zuddha karane va pranthakAra sammata pATha ke adhika se adhika samIpa pahu~cane kA pUrA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| tAr3apatra aura DelA kI prati ke jahA~ jahA~ do pATha mile vahA~ agara una donoM pAThoM meM samabalatA jAna paDI to usa sthAna meM tADaprati kA pATha hI mala vAcanA meM rakhA hai aura DelA prati kA pATha pAThAntara rUpa se nIce phuTanoTa meN| isa taraha tAiprati kA prAmANya mukhya rUpa se mAna lene para bhI jahA~ DelA prati kA pATha bhASA, artha aura granthAntara ke saMvAda Adi ke aucitya kI STi se adhika upayukta jAna par3A vahA~ sarvatra DelA prati kA pATha hI mUla vAcanA meM rakhA hai, bhaura sAiprati tathA mudrita prati kA pAThAntara nIce rakhA hai| mUla sUtrapATha kI donoM pratiyoM meM kahIM kahIM sUtroM ke bhedasUcaka cihna meM aMtara dekhA gayA hai| aise sthaloM meM una sUtroM kI vyAkhyAsaraNI dekhakara hI yaha nizcaya kiyA gayA hai ki vastutaH ye bhinna bhinna sUtra hai, yA galatI se eka hI sUtra ke do aMza do sUtra samajha liye gaye haiN| aise sthAnoM meM nirNIta saMkhyAsUcaka naMbara mUlavAcanA meM dekara pAye jAnevAle aura bheda nIce TippaNa rUpa se de diye gaye haiN| ,

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sampAdana viSayaka vaktavya pAThAntara aura sUtroM kI saMkhyA ke bhedasUcaka ullekha ke uparAnta nIce tIna prakAra ke TippaNa haiN| eka to DelAprati meM prApta TippaNa hai| dUsarA mudrita pUnAvAlI nakala se liyA gayA TippaNa jo mu-Ti0 saMketa se nirdiSTa hai| aura tosarA prakAra saMpAdaka kI ora se kiye gaye TippaNa kA hai| De0 TippaNa saMkSipta aura virala sthaloM para hote hue bhI kahIM kahIM bar3e mArke kA aura upayogI jAna pdd'aa| isalie vaha pUrA kA pUrA le liyA gayA hai| usakI zuddhi karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| phira bhI kucha sthaloM meM vaha aneka kAraNoM se saMdigdha hI raha gayA hai| dUsarI vizeSatA pariziSToM kI hai| sAta pariziSToM meM se pahalA pariziSTa sirpha mUla sUtroM ke pATha kA hai / jo vidyArthI va saMzodhakoM ke lie vizeSa upayogI hai / dUsare pariziSTa meM mUla sUtroM kI.una jaina-jainetara granthoM se tulanA kI gaI hai, jo grantha hemacandra kI racanA ke yA to AdhAra haiM, yA usake vizeSa nikaTa aura usake sAtha dhyAna dene yogya samAnatA vAle haiN| pUrvavartI sAhityika saMpatti, kisI bhI granthakAra ko virAsata meM, zabda yA artharUpa se jAne anajAne kaise milatI hai, isakA kucha khayAla isa pariziSTa se A sakatA hai| tIsare pariziSTa meM prantha gata vizeSa nAma aura cauthe maiM pAribhASika zabda diye gaye haiM, jo aitihAsikoM aura koSakAroM ke lie khAsa upayoga kI vastu hai| pA~caveM pariziSTa meM grantha meM Aye hue sabhI gadya padya avataraNa unake prApta sthAnoM ke sAtha diye haiM jo vidyArthiyoM aura saMzodhakoM ke lie upayogI haiN| cha pariziSTa saMkSipta hone para bhI bar3A hI hai| usameM bhASATippaNagata sabhI mahattva ke zabdoM kA saMgraha tathA una TippaNoM meM pratipAdita viSayoM kA saMkSipta para sAragarbhita varNana hai jo gaveSaka vidvAnoM ke vAste bahuta hI kAryasAdhaka hai| sAtaveM pariziSTa meM bhASA-TippaNoM meM prayukta grantha, pranthakAra Adi vizeSa nAmoM kI sUcI hai jo sabhI ke lie upayogI hai| isa taraha ye sAtoM pariziSTa vividha dRSTi vAle abhyAsiyoM ke nAnAvidha upayoga meM Ane yogya haiN| tIsarI vizeSatA bhASA-TippaNoM kI hai| bhAratIya bhASA meM aura khAsa kara rASTrIya bhASA meM dArzanika muddoM para aise TippaNa likhane kA zAyada yaha prathama hI prayAsa hai| darzana zAstra ke va nyAya zAstra ke kucha, paraMtu khAsa khAsa muddoM ko lekara una para aitihAsika tathA tulanAtmaka dRSTi se kucha prakAza DAlane kA, ina TippaNoM ke dvArA prayatna kiyA gayA hai / yadyapi ina TippaNoM meM svIkRta itihAsa tathA tulanA kI dRSTi vaidika, bauddha aura jaina ina bhAratIya para. mparAoM taka hI sImita hai| phira bhI ina tInoM paramparAoM kI avAntara sabhI zAkhAoM ko sparza karane kA yathAsaMbhava prayatna kiyA gayA hai| jina zAstrIya pramANoM va AdhAroM kA avalaMbana lekara ye TippaNa likhe gaye haiM, ve saba pramANa va AdhAra TippaNoM meM sarvatra akSarazaH paripUrNa na dekara aneka sthaloM meM unakA sthAna sUcita kiyA hai aura kahIM kahIM mahattvapUrNa saMkSipta avataraNa bhI de diye haiM jisase anAvazyaka vistAra na ho, phira bhI mUla sthAnoM kA patA laga ske| - cauthI vizeSatA pramANamImAMsA ke sUtra tathA usakI vRtti kI tulanA karane ke saMbandha meM hai| isa tulanA meM aise aneka jaina, bauddha aura vaidika granthoM kA upayoga kiyA hai, jo yA to pramANamImAMsA ke sAtha zabdazaH milate haiM yA arthataH; athavA jo grantha sAkSAt yA paramparayA pramANamImAMsA kI racanA ke AdhArabhUta bane hue jAna par3ate haiN| isa tulanA meM nirdiSTa granthoM kI sAmAnya sUcI ko dekhane mAtra se hI yaha aMdAja lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki hemacandra ne pramANamImAMsA kI racanA meM kitane vizAla sAhitya kA avalokana yA upayoga kiyA hogA, aura isase hemacandra ke usa granthapraNayanakauzala kA bhI patA cala jAtA hai jisake dvArA unhoMne aneka granthoM ke vividhaviSayaka pAThoM tathA vicAroM kA na kevala susaMgata saMkalana hI kiyA hai apitu usa saMkalana meM apanA vidyAsiddha vyaktitva bhI prakaTa kiyA hai| pA~cavIM vizeSatA prastAvanA kI hai jisake anya paricaya meM, bhAratIya darzanoM ke vicAra

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sampAdana viSayaka vaktavya srotoM kA vargIkaraNa pUrvaka tulanAtmaka saMkSipta varNana karake usameM jaina vicArapravAha kA sthAna dikhalAyA hai tathA jaina sAhitya va vicAra pravAha yugAnurUpa vikAsa kA digdarzana bhI karAyA hai / pramANamImAMsA kI viziSTatA batalAne ke sAtha sAtha anekAntavAda kI AtmA ko bhI citrita karane kA alpa prayAsa kiyA hai| prastAvanA ke 'granthakAra - paricaya' meM hemacandra ke AntarabAhya vyaktitva kA aitihAsika dRSTi se varNana hai / 4. kArya-vibhAga prastuta saMskaraNa se sambandha rakhanevAle kAma aneka the / una saba meM eka vAkyatA banI rahe, punarukti na ho aura yathAsaMbhava zIghratA bhI ho, isa dRSTi se una kAmoM kA vibhAga hama logoM ne pahale se hI sthira kara liyA thA, jisakA sUcana jarUrI hai / pAThazuddhipUrvaka pAThapAThAntaroM ke sthAna nizcita karane kA, bhASATippaNa tathA prastAvanA likhane kA kAma mere jimme rahA / granthagata avataraNoM ke mUla sthAnoM ko DhU~r3ha nikAlane kA tathA tulanA meM aura bhASATippaNa likhane meM upayogI ho sake, aise sthaloM ko jaina-jainetara granthoM meM se saMcita karane kA kAma paM0 mahendrakumArajI ke jimme rahA / pAThAntara lene aura sArI presa kaoNpI ko vyavasthita banAne se lekara chapa jAne taka kA presa prUpha, geTa-apa Adi sabhI kAmoM kA, tathA sabhI pariziSTa banAne kA bhAra paM0 dalasukha bhAI ke Upara rhaa| phira bhI sabhI eka dUsare ke kArya meM AvazyakatAnusAra sahAyaka to rahe hii| maiM apane viSaya meM itanA aura bhI spaSTa kara denA ucita samajhatA hU~ ki likhavAte samaya mujhe mere donoM sahakArI mitroM ne aneka viSayoM meM kevala parAmarza hI nahIM diyA, balki merI likhAvaTa meM rahI huI truTi yA bhrAMti kA unhoMne saMzodhana bhI kara diyA / sacamuca maiM ina donoM sahRdaya va udAracetA mitroM ke kAraNa hI eka prakAra ke viziSTa ciMtana meM bephikra nimagna raha sakA / 5. AbhAra - darzana jina jina vyaktiyoM kI thor3I yA bahuta kisI na kisI prakAra kI sahAyatA isa kArya meM milI hai, una sabakA nAmanirdezapUrvaka ullekha na to saMbhava hai aura na Avazyaka hI / phira bhI mukhya mukhya vyaktiyoM ke prati AbhAra pradarzita karanA merA kartavya hai / pravartaka zrI0 kAntivijayajI ke praziSya sucetA muni zrI puNyavijayajI ke sakriya sAkSitva meM isa kArya kA zrIgaNeza huA / prastuta kArya ko zurU karane ke pahale se aMta taka mAtra protsAhana hI nahIM pratyuta mArmika patha-pradarzana va parAmarza apane sadA ke sAthI zrImAn jinavijayajI se mujhe milA / vidvAn mitra zrI rasikalAla parIkha bI0 e0 ne na kevala granthakAra kA paricaya likhakara hI isa kArya meM sahayoga diyA hai balki unhoMne chape hue bhASA-TippaNoM ko tathA chapane ke pahale merI prastAvanA ko par3ha kara apanA vicAra bhI sujhAyA hai| paM0 becaradAsa ne mUla grantha ke kaI prUphoM maiM mahattva kI zuddhi bhI kI aura prastAvanA ke sivAya bAkI ke sAre chape hue pharmoM ko par3ha kara unameM dikhalAI dene vAlI azuddhiyoM kA bhI nirdeza kiyA hai| mere vidyAguru mahAmahopAdhyAya paM0 bAlakRSNa mizra ne to jaba jaba maiM pahuMcA taba taba bar3e utsAha va Adara se mere praznoM para apanI dArzanika vidyA kA gambhIra khajAnA hI khola diyA jo mujhe khAsa kara bhASA-TippaNa likhate samaya upayogI huA hai| mImAMsakadhurINa paM0 cinnAsvAmI tathA vaiyAkaraNarUpa paM0 rAjanArAyaNa mizra se bhI maiMne kabhI kabhI parAmarza liyA hai| viduSI zrImatI hIrAkumArIjI ne tIsare Ahnika ke bhASA-TippaNoM kA bahuta bar3A bhAga mere kathanAnusAra likhA aura usa lekhana kAla meM jarUrI sAhitya ko bhI unhoMne mujhe par3ha sunAyA hai| sAtavA~ pariziSTa to pUrNa rUpa se unhIM ne taiyAra kiyA hai| mere mitra va vidyArthI muni kRSNacandrajI, zAntilAla tathA mahendrakumAra

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sampAdana viSayaka vaktavya ne prUpha dekhane meM yA likhane Adi meM niHsaGkoca sahAyatA kI hai / ataeva meM ina sabakA anta:karaNa se AbhArI huuN| maiM bhikSuvara rAhula sAMkRtyAyana kA bhI kRtajJa hU~ jinhoMne pramANavArtikAdi aneka aprakAzita granthoM kA upayoga bar3I udAratA se karane diyaa| - isa granthamAlA ke prANapratiSThApaka, vidvanmitra aura sahodarakalpa bA0 zrIbahAdura siMhajI siMghI ke udAra vidyAnurAga va sAhitya prema kA maiM vizeSa kRtajJa hU~ jisake kAraNa, itaHpUrva prakAzita jainatarkabhASA aura prastuta grantha kA siMghI jainagranthamAlA dvArA prakAzana ho rahA hai| I0san 1937 jUna kI pahalI tArIkha ko AbU parvata para, prasaMgocita vArtAlApa hote samaya, maiMne zrImAn siMghIjI se yoM hI svAbhAvika bhASa se kaha diyA thA ki-yaha pramANamImAMsA kA saMpAdana, zAyada mere jIvana kA eka viziSTa antima kArya ho, kyoMki zarIrazakti dina pratidina adhikAdhika kSINa hotI jA rahI hai aura aba aisA gaMbhIra mAnasika zrama uThAne jaisI vaha kSama nahIM hai / mujhe taba isakI to koI kalpanA hI nahIM thI ki agale varSa yAni 1938 ke jUna meM, prantha ke prakAzita hone ke pUrva hI, isa zarIra para kyA kriyA honevAlI hai| khaira, abhI to maiM usa ghAta se pAra ho gayA hU~ aura mere sAhitya saMskAroM tathA vidyopAsanA kA srota Age jArI rahA to ukta bAbUjI kI sauhArdapUrNa preraNA aura sanniSThA ke kAraNa, mukhyatayA isa srota ke pravAha kA siMghI jaina granthamAlA ke bA~dha meM saMcita honA aura phira usake dvArA itastataH prasArita honA svAbhAvika hI hai / ataeva yahA~ para unake prati kRtajJatA kA bhAva pradarzita karanA Avazyaka aura kramaprApta hai| hiMdU vizvavidyAlaya ke prAcya vidyAvibhAga ke bhUtapUrva priMsipala tathA isa samaya hiMdUvizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta zikSaNa ke DAirekTara mahAmahopAdhyAya paM0 zrI pramathanAtha tarkabhUSaNa ko maiMne chapI huI sArI pramANamImAMsA 1937 ke aMtima dinoM meM avalokana ke lie dI thii| ve prakhara dArzanika hone ke alAvA aitihAsika dRSTi bhI rakhate haiN| unhoMne mUla grantha tathA sAre bhASA-TippaNoM ko bar3I ekAgratA va dilacaspI se pddh'aa| jaisA maiM cAhatA thA tadanusAra unheM koI vistRta dArzanika nibandha yA aitihAsika samAlocanA likhane kA avakAza nahIM milA; phira bhI unhoMne jo kucha likhA vaha mujhe gata varSa aprila meM hI mila gayA thaa| yahA~ maiM use isa vaktavya ke aMta meM jyoM kA tyoM kRtajJatA ke sAtha prasiddha karatA huuN| unhoMne jisa sauhArda aura vidyAnurAgapUrvaka bhASATippaNa gata kucha sthAnoM para mujhe sUcanAe~ dI aura spaSTatA karane ke vAste dhyAna khIMcA; etadartha to maiM unakA vizeSa kRtajJa huuN| 6. pratyAzA cirakAla se mana meM nihita aura poSita saGkalpa kA mUrtarUpa meM sukhaprasava, do utsAhazIla taruNa manasvI sakhAoM ke sahakAra se, sahadaya sRSTi ke samakSa Aja upasthita karatA huuN| maiM isake badale meM sahRdayoM se itanI hI bhAzA rakhatA hU~ ki ve ise yogya tathA upayogI samameM to apanA leN| isake guNa doSoM ko apanA hI samajhe aura isI buddhi se Age unakA yathAyogya vikAsa aura parimArjana kreN| agara isa kRti ke dvArA sAhitya ke kisI aMza kI pUrti aura jijJAsuoM kI kucha jJAnatRpti huI to maiM apanI cAlIsa varSa kI vidyopAsanA ko phalavatI smduuNgaa| sAtha hI siMghI jaina granthamAlA bho phalepahi siddha hogii| kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya / tA0 5.3.36 sukhalAla

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bhamikA gIrvANavANInibaddheSu dArzanikagrantheSu jainAcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA pramANamImAMsA AItasampradAye prAmANikatayA parAM prasiddhimupagatA varIvati / yasmin khalvanehasi pramANamImAMsAyAH prAdurbhAvaH samajani, tadAnIntaneSu dArzanikeSu nibandhakartRSu prAyeNa sarveSveva virodhisampradAyAntarebhyaH svasampradAyasya samutkarSavizeSasaMsthApanArtha samucito'nucito vA sumahAn prayAso gatAnugatikatayA parAM kila kASThAmadhigataH samadRzyata / tadetattattvaM suviditamevAsti bhAratIyetihAsasatatyavidAM sarveSAM prekSAvatAm / jainAcAryakulaprakANDasya zrImato hemacandrasyApi asyAM pramANamImAMsAyAM svasampradAyasamutkarSavyavasthApanAya sampradAyAntarasiddhAntakhaNDanAya ca samupalabhyamAnaH prayatno vizuddhadArzanikadRSTyA ramaNIyo bhavatu mA vA iti na tatra mamAsti kizcid vizeSato vaktavyam / yadyapi tadAnIntanairvibhinnasampradAyAcAryapravaraiH svasvasampradAyasiddhAntasaMsthApanAya samanusateyaM paddhatirdAzinikatattvAnAM dAya vaizadyaM vA sampAdayituM prabhavati na veti mImAMsAyA nAyamavasaraH, tathApi anayA paddhatyA pravarttamAnaiH prAcInastacatsampradAyAMcAryabharatIyeSu nAnAdharmasampradAyeSu parasparaM dveSerdhyAkalahAdirUpaviSavRkSasyAbhimAnAdIni mUlAni na zlathIkRtAni pratyuta paripoSitAnIti sakaladharmasampradAyamahAmAnavasamAjamahAprAsAdabhittisthAnIyAnAM maitrIkaruNAmuditopekSANAM cittaparikarmaNAM zaithilyasya bhAratIyajanatAsaMghazaktipradhvaMsakaraH samprasAraH samajani / ___ tathAhi-asyAmeva pramANamImAMsAyAM sarvajJasiddhiprasabhena yadupanyastaM , jainAcAryeNa zrIhemacandreNa, tadudAhRtya madIyavaktavyasyAzayaH prakaTIkriyate / "atha "jJAnamapratighaM yasya vairAgyaM ca jagatpateH / aizvarya caiva dharmazca sahasiddhaM catuSTayam // " iti vacanAt sarvajJatvamIzvarAdInAmastu, mAnuSasya tu kasyacid vidyAcaraNavato'pi tadasambhAvanIyam , yatkumArila: "athA'pi vedadehatvAd brahmaviSNumahezvarAH / kAmaM bhavantu sarvajJAH sArvazyaM mAnuSasya kim // " iti; AH ! sarvajJApalApapAtakin ! durvadavAdin ! mAnuSatvanindArthavAdApadezena devAdhidevAnavikSipasi ! ye hi janmAntarArjitorjitapuNyaprAgbhArAH surabhavabhavamanupamaM sukhamanubhUya duHkhapakamamamakhilaM jIvalokamuddidhIrSavo narakeSvapi kSaNaM kSiptasukhAsikAmRtavRSTayo manuSyalokamavateruH janmasamayasamakAlacalitAsanasakalasurendravRndavihitajanmotsavAH kirAyamANasurasamUhAhamahamikArabdhasevAvidhayaH .svayamupanatAmatipAjyasAmrAjyazriyaM tRNavadavadhUya samatRNamaNizatrumitratyo nijaprabhAvaprazamitetimarakAdijagadupadravAH zukladhyAnAnalanirdagdhaghAtikarmANa AvirbhUtanikhilabhAvAbhAvasvabhAvAvamAsikevalabaladalitasakalajIvalokamohaprasarAH surAsuravinirmitAM samavasaraNabhuvamadhiSThAna svasvabhASApariNAminIbhirvAgbhiH pravartitadharmatIrthAzcatustriMzadatizayamayIM tIrtha -

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bhUmikA nAthasvalakSmImupabhujya paraM brahma satatAnandaM sakalakarmma nirmokSamupeyivasistAn mAnuSatvAdisAdhAraNadharmopadezenApavadan sumerumapi leSTvAdinA sAdhAraNIkartuM pArthivatvenApavadeH ! / kiJca, anavaratavanitA sambhoga durlalitavRttInAM vividhahetisamUhadhAriNAmakSamAlA dyAyattamanaH saMyamAnAM rAgadveSamohakaluSitAnAM brahmAdInAM sarvavittvasAmrAjyam !, yadavadAma stutau " madena mAnena manobhavena, krodhena lomena sasammadena / parAjitAnAM prasabhaM surANAM vRthaiva sAmrAjyarujA pareSA // " (pR0 12-13) " evameva virodhisampradAyAntarapradhAnatama puruSApakarSapratipAdaka prabandhAH kumArilabhaTTAkalaGka :zAntarakSita prabhRtibhistattatsampradAyaparamAcAryairapi svasvaraciteSu dArzanikaprantheSu likhitAH samupalabhyante zatazaH prabandhAH; tathAhi--- buddhasarvajJatA nirAkaraNa prastAve zlokavArttike svayamevoktaM zrImadbhiH kumArilabhaTTaiH" nacApi smRtyavicchedAt sarvajJaH parikalpyate / 16 vigAnAcchinnamUlatvAt kaizvideva parigrahAt // " vistarabhayAt anyeSAmapi sampradAyAcAryANa | metAdRzabhASaNAni AkareSu sahasrazaH samupalabhyamAnAni nAtrodAhRtAni / tadasyAM "pramANamImAMsAyAM" paramatanirAkaraNa nirbandhAtizayadyotikA prAktanI zailI sphuTataraM pratIyamAnApi zAradapaurNamAsI sudhAkare samudbhAsitakalaGkarekheva udAramatibhiH ziSTaiH soDhavyA bhavatu mA vA naitAvatA asya pranthasya mahAprayojanatvaM kenApi pratyAkhyAtuM zakyate / atra ca AIta siddhAntAnAM sunipuNadArzanikapraNAlyA yathA sUkSmatayA saMkSiptatayA ca vizleSaNaM vihitaM tathA anyatra duravApamiti hi nirvipratipattikaH prekSAvatAM nirNayaH / tadanusAreNaiva ca kAzI hindUvizvavidyAlayIya-prAcyavidyAvibhAgAntargata jaina darzanazAstra pradhAnAdhyApakena dArzanika pravareNa paNDitaprakANDena zrImatA sukhalAla jainamahodayena hindI bhASAmayImekAM manoramAM vivRrti viracayya tayA "pramANamImAMsA" mudraNena prakAzaM nItA / asyAM vivRtau zrImatA jainamahodayena pramANamImAMsAyAmAlocitAnAM siddhAntAnAM samyakparicayopayogino bahavo dArzanikA aitihAsikAzca jJAtavyA viSayAH samavatAritAH, tAn vilokya saJjAto me nitarAM santoSaH / jainAbhyupagata sarvajJatAvAdAd bauddhAbhimatasarvajJatAvAdasya vailakSaNyaM tathA bauddhajainAbhyupagata sarvajJatAvAdato naiyAyika vedAntimImAMsakAbhimata sarvajJatAvAdAnAM sArUpyaM vairUpyaM ca ityevamAdenirNayaprasaGgena zrImatA sukhalAla jainamahodayena yo vicArapUrvaka niSkarSaH pradarzitastenAsya vicArazailI, aitihAsikatA, kalpanA kuzalatA ca sarvathA sahRdayAnAM prekSAvatAM manAMsi santoSayiSyati eveti me Dho vizvAsaH / etAdRza hindI bhASAmayavivRtyA saha jaina siddhAntagranthamUrddhanyAM jainAcAryahemacandraviracitAM pramANamImAMsAM vizuddhatayA sarvasauSThavopetatayA ca mudrApayitvA prakAzayatA paNDitavaryeNa zrImatA sukhalAla jaina mahodayena jainadarzana tattvabubhutsUnAM sahRdayAnAM kRto mahAnupakAra iti sarvathAyaM dhanyavAdamaItIti savinayaM nivedayati zrIpramathanAthatarka bhUSaNazarmmA /

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prastAva nA + granthaparicaya | $ 1 Abhyantara svarUpa / prastuta grantha pramANamImAMsA kA ThIka-ThIka aura vAstavika paricaya pAne ke liye yaha anivArya rUpa se jarUrI haiM ki usake Abhyantara aura bAhya svarUpa kA spaSTa vizleSaNa kiyA jAya tathA jaina tarka sAhitya meM aura taddvArA tArkika darzana sAhitya meM pramANamImAMsA kA kyA sthAna hai, yaha bhI dekhA jAya / AcArya ne jisa dRSTi ko lekara pramANamImAMsA kA praNayana kiyA hai aura usameM pramANa, pramAtA, prameya Adi jina tattvoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai usa dRSTi aura una tattvoM ke hArda kA spaSTIkaraNa karanA yahI grantha ke Abhyantara svarUpa kA varNana hai / isake vAste yahAM nIce likhe cAra mukhya muddoM para tulanAtmaka dRSTi se vicAra kiyA jAtA hai - 1. jaina dRSTi kA svarUpa, , jaina dRSTi kI aparivartiSNutA, 3. pramANa zakti kI maryAdA, 4. prameya pradezakA vistAra | I 2. 1 jaina dRSTi kA svarUpa bhAratIya darzana mukhyatayA do vibhAgoM meM vibhAjita ho jAte haiM kucha to haiM vAstavavAdI aura kucha haiM avAstavavAdI / jo sthUla arthAt laukika pramANagamya jagat ko bhI vaisA hI vAstavika mAnate haiM jaisA sUkSma lokottara pramANagamya jagata ko arthAt jinake matAnusAra vyAvahArika aura pAramArthika satya meM koI bheda nahIM; satya saba eka koTi kA hai cAhe mAtrA nyUnAdhika ho arthAt jinake matAnusAra bhAna cAhe nyUnAdhika aura spaSTa aspaSTa ho para pramANa mAtra meM bhAsita honevAle sabhI svarUpa vAstavika haiM, tathA jinake matAnusAra vAstavika rUpa bhI vANI prakAzya ho sakate haiM - ve darzana vAstavavAdI haiM / inheM vidhimukha, idamitthaMvAdI yA evaMvAdI bhI kaha sakate haiM- jaise cArvAka, nyAya-vaizeSika, pUrvamImAMsA, sAMkhya-yoga, vaibhASikasautrAntika bauddha aura mAdhvAdi vedAnta / jinake matAnusAra bAhya dRzya jagat mithyA hai aura Antarika jagat hI parama satya hai; arthAt jo darzana satya ke vyAvahArika aura pAramArthika athavA sAMvRtika aura vAstavika aise do bheda karake laukika pramANagamya aura vANIprakAzya bhAvako avAstavika mAnate haiM - ve

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prastAvanA avAstavAdI haiN| inheM niSedhamukha yA anevaMvAdI bhI kaha sakate haiN| jaise zUnyavAdI-vijJAnavAdI bauddha aura zAGkara vedAnta Adi darzana / prakRti se anekAntavAdI hote hue bhI jaina dRSTikA svarUpa ekAntataH vAstavavAdI hI hai / kyoMki usake matAnusAra bhI indrijanya matijJAna AdimeM bhAsita honevAle bhAvoM ke satyatva kA vahI sthAna hai jo pAramArthika kevalajJAna meM bhAsita honevAle bhAvoM ke satyatva kA sthAna hai arthAt jainamatAnusAra donoM satya kI mAtrAmeM antara hai, yogyatA va guNa meM nahIM / kevalajJAna meM dravya aura unake ananta paryAya jisa yathArthatA se jisa rUpa se bhAsita hote haiM usI yathArthatA aura usI rUpase kucha dravya aura unake kucha hI paryAya mati Adi jJAna meM bhI bhAsita ho sakate haiM / isIse jaina darzana aneka sUkSmatama bhAvoM kI anirvacanIyatA ko mAnatA huA bhI nirvacanIya bhAvoM ko yathArtha mAnatA hai| jaba ki zunyavAdI aura zAkara vedAnta Adi aisA nahIM maante| 2. jaina dRSTi kI aparivartiSNutA jaina dRSTi kA jo vAstavavAditva svarUpa Upara batalAyA gayA vaha itihAsa ke prArambha se aba taka eka hI rUpa meM rahA hai yA usameM kabhI-kisI ke dvArA thor3A bahuta parivartana huA hai, yaha eka bar3e mahattva kA prazna hai| isake sAtha hI dusarA prazna yaha hotA hai ki agara jaina dRSTi sadA ekasI sthitizIla rahI aura bauddha vedAnta dRSTi kI taraha usameM parivartana yA cintana vikAsa nahIM huA to isakA kyA kAraNa hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kA pUrva samaya jabase thor3A bahuta bhI jaina paramparA kA itihAsa pAyA jAtA hai tabase lekara Aja taka jaina dRSTi kA vAstavavAditva svarUpa bilakula aparivartiSNu yA dhruva hI rahA hai / jaisA ki nyAya-vaizeSika, pUrva mImAMsaka, sAMkhya-yoga Adi darzanoM kA bhI vAstavavAditva aparivartiSNu rahA hai| bezaka nyAya vaizeSika Adi ukta darzanoM kI taraha jaina darzana ke sAhitya meM bhI pramANa prameya Adi saba padArthoM kI vyAkhyAoM meM, lakSaNapraNayana meM aura unakI upapatti meM uttarottara sUkSma aura sUkSmatara vikAsa tathA spaSTatA huI haiM, yahAM taka 'ki navyanyAya ke pariSkAra kA Azraya lekara bhI yazovijaya jI jaise jaina vidvAnoM ne vyAkhyA evaM lakSaNoM kA vizleSaNa kiyA hai phira bhI isa sAre aitihAsika samaya meM jaina dRSTi ke vAstavavAditva svarUpa meM eka aMza bhI pharka nahIM par3A hai jaisA ki bauddha aura vedAnta paraMparA meM hama pAte haiN| bauddha paraMparA zurU meM vAstavavAdI hI rhii| para mahAyAna kI vijJAnavAdI aura zunyavAdI zAkhA ne usameM AmUla parivartana kara DAlA / usakA vAstavavAditva aikAntika avAstavavAditva meM badala gayA / yahI hai bauddha paraMparA kA dRSTi parivartana / vedAnta paramparA meM bhI aisA hI huaa| upaniSadoM aura brahmasUtra meM jo avAstavavAditva ke aspaSTa bIja the aura jo vAstavavAditva ke spaSTa sUcana the una sabakA eka mAtra avAstavavAditva artha maiM tAtparya batalAkara zaGkarAcArya ne vedAnta meM avAstavavAditva kI spaSTa sthApanA kI jisake Upa Age jAkara

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Abhyantara svarUpa dRSTisRSTivAda Adi aneka rUpoM meM aura bhI dRSTi parivartana va vikAsa huaa| isa taraha eka tarapha bauddha aura vedAnta do paramparAoM kI dRSTiparivartiSNutA aura bAkI ke saba darzanoM kI dRSTi-aparivartiSNutA hameM isa bheda ke kAraNoM kI khoja kI ora prerita karatI hai / sthUla jagat ko asatya yA vyAvahArika satya mAnakara usase bhinna Antarika jagat ko hI parama satya mAnane vAle avAstavavAda kA udgama sirpha tabhI saMbhava hai jaba ki vizleSaNa kriyA kI parAkASThA-AtyantikatA ho yA samanvaya kI parAkASThA ho| hama dekhate haiM ki yaha yogyatA 'bauddha paraMparA aura vedAnta paraMparA ke sivAya anya kisI dArzanika paramparA meM nahIM hai| buddha ne pratyeka sthUla sUkSma bhAva kA vizleSaNa yahAM taka kiyA ki usameM koI sthAyI dravya jaisA tattva zeSa na rahA / upaniSadoM meM bhI saba medoM kA-vividhatAoM kA samanvaya eka brahma-sthira tattva meM vizrAnta huaa| bhagavAna buddha ke vizleSaNa ko Age jA kara unake sUkSmaprajJa ziSyoM ne yahAM taka vistRta kiyA ki anta meM vyavahAra meM upayogI hone vAle akhaNDa dravya yA dravyabheda sarvathA nAma zeSa ho ge| aura kSaNika kintu anirvacanIya parama satya hI zeSa rahA / dUsarI ora zaGkarAcArya ne aupaniSada parama brahma kI samanvaya bhAvanA ko yahAM taka vistRta kiyA ki anta meM bhedapradhAna vyavahAra jagata nAmazeSa yA mAyika hI hokara rhaa| bezaka nAgArjuna aura zaGkarAcArya jaise aikAntika vizleSaNakArI yA aikAntika samanvayakartA na hote to ina donoM paramparAoM meM vyAvahArika aura parama satya ke bheda kA AviSkAra na hotA / phira bhI hameM bhUlanA na cAhie ki avAstavavAdI dRSTi kI yogyatA bauddha aura vedAnta paraMparA kI bhUmikA meM hI nihita rahI jo nyAya vaizeSika Adi vAstavavAdI darzanoM kI bhUmikA meM bilakula nahIM hai / nyAya-vaizeSika, mImAMsaka aura sAMkhya-yoga darzana kevala vizleSaNa hI nahIM karate barika samanvaya bhI karate haiM unameM vizleSaNa aura samanvaya donoM kA samaprAdhAnya tathA samAnabalatva hone ke kAraNa donoM meM se koI eka hI satya nahIM hai ataeva una darzanoM meM avAstavavAda ke praveza kI na yogyatA hai aura na saMbhava hI hai / ataeva unameM nAgArjuna zaGkarAcArya Adi jaise aneka sUkSmaprajJa vicAraka hote hue bhI ve darzana vAstavavAdI hI rahe / yahI sthiti jaina darzana kI bhI hai| jaina darzana dravya dravya ke bIca vizleSaNa karate karate anta meM sUkSmatama paryAyoM ke vizleSaNa taka pahu~catA hai sahI, para yaha vizleSaNa ke antima pariNAma svarUpa paryAyoM ko vAstavika mAna kara bhI dravya kI vAstavikatA kA parityAga bauddha darzana kI taraha nahIM karatA / isI taraha vaha paryAyoM aura dravyoM kA samanvaya karate karate eka sat tattva taka pahu~catA hai aura usakI vAstavikatA kA svIkAra karake bhI vizleSaNa ke pariNAma svarUpa dravya bhedoM aura paryAyoM kI vAstavikatAkA parityAga, brahmavAdI darzana kI taraha nahIM krtaa| kyoMki vaha paryAyArthika aura dravyArthika donoM dRSTioM ko sApekSa bhAva se tulyabala aura samAna satya mAnatA hai| yahI sababa hai ki usameM bhI na bauddha paraMparA kI taraha Atyantika vizleSaNa huA aura na vedAnta paraMparA kI taraha Atyantika samanvaya / isIse jaina dRSTi kA vAstavavAditva svarUpa sthira hI rahA /

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prastAvanI 3. pramANa zakti kI maryAdA vizva kyA vastu hai, vaha kaisA hai, usameM kaunase-kaunase aura kaise-kaise tattva haiM, ityAdi praznoMkA uttara tattvacintakoM ne eka hI prakAra kA nahIM diyaa| isakA sababa yahI hai ki isa uttarakA AdhAra pramANa kI zaktipara nirbhara hai; aura tattvacintakoM meM pramANa kI zaktike bAre meM nAnA mata haiN| bhAratIya tattvacintakoM kA pramANazaktike tAratamya saMbaMdhI matameda saMkSepameM pAMca pakSoM meM vibhakta ho jAtA hai- 1 indriyAdhipatya, 2 anindriyAdhipatya, 3 ubhayAdhipatya, 4 AgamAdhipatya aura 5 pramANopaplava aise pAMca pakSa haiN| 1. jisa pakSa kA mantavya yaha hai ki pramANa kI sArI zakti indriyoM ke Upara hI avalambita hai, mana khuda indriyoM kA anugamana kara sakatA hai para vaha indriyoM kI madada ke sivAya kahIM bhI arthAt jahA~ indriyoM kI pahu~ca na ho vahA~ kabhI pravRtta ho kara saccA jJAna paidA kara hI nahIM sktaa| sacce jJAna kA agara saMbhava hai to indriyoM ke dvArA hI, vaha indriyAdhipatya pakSa / isa pakSa meM cArvAka darzana hI samAviSTa hai| yaha nahIM ki cArvAka anumAna yA zabda vyavahArarUpa Agama Adi pramANoM ko jo pratidina sarvasiddha vyavahAra kI vastu hai, use na mAnatA ho, phira bhI cArvAka apaneko pratyakSamAtravAdI- indriyapratyakSamAtravAdI kahatA hai| isakA artha itanA hI hai ki anumAna, zabda Adi koI bhI laukika pramANa kyoM na ho para usakA prAmANya indriyapratyakSa ke saMvAda ke sivAya kabhI saMbhava nhiiN| arthAt indriyapratyakSa se bAdhita nahIM aisA koI bhI jJAnavyApAra agara pramANa kahA jAya to isameM cArvAka ko Apatti nhiiN| 2. anindriya ke antaHkaraNa- mana, citta aura AtmA aise tIna artha phalita hote haiM jinameM se cittarUpa anindriyakA Adhipatya mAnanevAlA anindriyAdhipatya pakSa hai| isa pakSa meM vijJAnavAda, zUnyavAda, aura zAGkara vedAnta kA samAveza hai / isa pakSake anusAra yathArtha jJAna kA saMbhava vizuddha citta ke dvArA hI mAnA jAtA hai / yaha pakSa indriyoM kI satyajJAnajanana zakti kA sarvathA inkAra karatA hai aura kahatA hai ki indriyA~ vAstavika jJAna karAne meM paMgu hI nahIM balki dhokhebAja bhI avazya haiM / isake mantavya kA niSkarSa itanA hI hai ki citta, khAsakara dhyAnazuddha sAvika citta se bAdhita yA usakA saMvAda prApta na kara sakane vAlA koI jJAna pramANa ho hI nahIM sakatA, cAhe vaha bhale hI lokavyavahAra meM pramANarUpase mAnA jAtA ho| 3. ubhayAdhipatya pakSa vaha hai jo cArvAka kI taraha indriyoM ko hI saba kucha mAnakara indriya nirapekSa mana kA asAmarthya svIkAra nahIM karatA aura na indriyoM ko paMgu yA dhokhebAja mAnakara kevala anindriya yA citta kA hI sAmarthya svIkAra karatA hai / yaha pakSa mAnatA hai ki cAhe manakI madada se hI sahI para indriyA~ guNasaMpanna ho sakatI haiM aura vAstavika jJAna paidA kara sakatI haiN| isI taraha yaha pakSa mAnatA hai ki indriyoM kI madada jahA~ nahIM hai vahA~ bhI anindriya yathArtha jJAna karA sakatA hai| isIse ise ubhayAdhipatya pakSa kahA hai| isameM sAMkhya-yoga, nyAya-vaizeSika, mImAMsaka, Adi darzanoM kA samAveza hai| sArUpa-yoga indriyoM

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Abhyantara svarUpa kA sAdguNya mAnakara bhI antaHkaraNa kI svatantra yathArthazakti mAnatA hai| nyAya-vaizeSika Adi bhI mana kI vaisI hI zakti mAnate haiM para pharka yaha hai ki sAMkhya-yoga AtmA kA svatantra pramANasAmarthya nahIM mAnate kyoMki ve pramANasAmarthya buddhi meM hI mAnakara puruSa yA cetana ko niratizaya mAnate haiN| jaba ki nyAya-vaizeSika Adi cAhe Izvara ke AtmA kA hI sahI para AtmA kA svatantra pramANasAmarthya mAnate haiN| arthAt ve zarIra-mana kA abhAva hone para bhI Izvara meM jJAna zakti mAnate haiN| vaibhASika aura sautrAntika bhI isI pakSa ke antargata haiM; kyoMki ve bhI indriya aura mana donoM kA pramANasAmarthya mAnate haiN| 4. AgamAdhipatya pakSa vaha hai jo kisI na kisI viSaya meM Agama ke sivAya kisI indriya yA anindriya kA pramANasAmarthya svIkAra nahIM krtaa| yaha pakSa kevala pUrva mImAMsaka - kA hI hai / yadyapi vaha anya viSayoM meM sAMkhya-yogAdi kI taraha ubhayAdhipatya pakSa kA hI anugAmI hai phira bhI dharma aura adharma ina do viSayoM meM vaha Agama mAtra kA hI sAmarthya mAnatA hai| yadyapi vedAnta ke anusAra brahma ke viSaya meM Agama kA hI prAdhAnya hai phira bhI. vaha AgamAdhipatya pakSa meM isaliye nahIM A sakatA ki brahma viSaya meM dhyAnazuddha antaHkaraNa kA bhI sAmarthya use mAnya hai| 5. pramANopaplava pakSa vaha hai jo indriya, anindriya yA Agama kisI kA sAdguNya yA sAmarthya svIkAra nahIM karatA / vaha mAnatA hai ki aisA koI sAdhana guNa saMpanna hai hI nahIM jo abAdhita jJAna kI zakti rakhatA ho / sabhI sAdhana usake mata se paMgu yA vipralambhaka haiN| isakA anugAmI tattvopaplavavAdI kahalAtA hai jo AkhirI hada kA cArvAka hI hai| yaha pakSa jayarAzikRta tattvopaplava meM spaSTatayA pratipAdita huA hai| ___ ukta pA~ca meM se tIsarA ubhayAdhipatya pakSa hI jaina darzana kA hai / kyoMki vaha jisa taraha indriyoM kA svatantra sAmarthya mAnatA hai isI taraha vaha anindriya arthAt mana aura AtmA donoM kA alaga alaga bhI svatantra sAmarthya mAnatA hai| AtmA ke svatantra sAmarthya ke viSaya meM nyAya-vaizeSika Adi ke mantavya se jaina darzana ke mantavya meM pharka yaha hai ki jaina darzana sabhI AtmAoM kA svatantra pramANasAmarthya vaisA hI mAnatA hai jaisA nyAya Adi Izvara mAtra kA / jaina darzana pramANopaplava pakSa kA nirAkaraNa isa liye karatA hai ki use pramANasAmarthya avazya iSTa hai / vaha cArvAka ke pratyakSamAtra vAda kA virodha isa liye karatA hai ki use anindriya kA bhI pramANasAmarthya iSTa hai| vaha vijJAna, zunya aura brahma ina tInoM vAdoM kA nirAsa isa liye karatA hai ki use indriyoM kA pramANasAmarthya bhI mAnya hai| vaha AgamAdhipatya pakSakA bhI virodhI hai, so isaliye ki use dharmAdharma ke viSaya meM anindriya arthAt mana aura AtmA donoM kA pramANasAmarthya iSTa hai| 4. prameya pradezakA vistAra jaisI pramANazakti kI maryAdA vaisA hI prameya kA kSetra vistAra ataeva mAtra indriyasAmarthya mAnanevala cArvAka ke sAmane sirpha sthUla yA dRzya vizvakA hI prameya kSetra rahA, jo eka

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prastAvanA yA dusare rUpameM anindriya pramANa kA sAmarthya mAnanevAloM kI dRSTi meM anekadhA vistIrNa huaa| anindriya sAmarthyavAdI koI kyoM na ho para sabako sthUla vizva ke alAvA eka sUkSma vizva bhI najara AyA / sUkSma vizva kA darzana una sabakA barAbara hone para bhI unakI apanI judIjudI kalpanAoM ke tathA paraMparAgata bhinna-bhinna kalpanAoM ke AdhAra para sUkSma prameya ke kSetra meM bhI aneka mata va saMpradAya sthira hue jinako hama ati saMkSepa meM do vibhAgoM meM bA~Takara samajha sakate haiN| eka vibhAga to vaha jisameM jar3a aura cetana donoM prakAra ke sUkSma tattvoM ko mAnanevAloMkA samAveza hotA hai / dUsarA vaha jisameM kevala cetana yA caitanya rUpa hI sUkSma tattva ko mAnanevAloM kA samAveza hotA hai / pAzcAtya tattvajJAnakI apekSA bhAratIya tattvajJAna meM yaha eka dhyAna dene yogya bheda hai ki isameM sUkSma prameyatattva mAnanevAlA abhI taka aisA koI nahIM huA jo sthUla bhautika vizva kI taha meM ekamAtra sUkSma jar3atattva hI mAnatA ho aura sUkSma jagat meM cetana tattvakA astitva hI na mAnatA ho / isake viruddha aise tattvajJa bhArata meM hote Aye haiM jo sthUla vizva ke antastala meM eka mAtra cetana tattva kA sUkSma jagata mAnate haiN| isI artha meM bhArata ko caitanyavAdI samajhanA cAhie / bhAratIya tattvajJAna ke sAtha punarjanma, karmavAda aura bandha-mokSa kI dhArmika yA AcaraNa lakSI kalpanA bhI milI huI hai jo sUkSma vizva mAnanevAle sabhI ko nirvivAda mAnya hai aura sabhIne apane-apane tattva jJAna ke DhAMce ke anusAra cetana tattvake sAtha usakA mela biThAyA hai / ina sUkSma tattvadarzI paraMparAoM meM mukhyatayA cAra vAda aise dekhe jAte haiM, jinake bala para usa-usa paraMparA ke AcAryoM ne sthUla aura sUkSma vizvakA saMbaMdha batalAyA hai yA kArya kAraNa kA mela biThAyA hai / ve vAda ye haiM-1 AraMbhavAda, 2 pariNAmavAda, 3 pratItyasamutpAdavAda aura 4 vivrtvaad| - ArambhavAda ke saMkSepa meM cAra lakSaNa haiM-(1) paraspara bhinna aise ananta mUla kAraNoM kA svIkAra, (2) kArya aura kAraNa kA Atyantika bheda, (3) kAraNa nitya ho yA anitya para kAryotpatti meM usakA apariNAmI hI rahanA, (4) apUrva arthAt utpatti ke pahile asat aise kArya kI utpatti yA kiJcitkAlIna sttaa| pariNAmavAda ke lakSaNa ThIka AraMbhavAda se UlaTe haiM-(1) eka hI mUla kAraNa kA svIkAra, (2) kAryakAraNa kA vAstavika abheda, ( 3) nitya kAraNa kA bhI pariNAmI hokara hI rahanA tathA pravRtta honA, (4) kArya mAtra kA apane-apane kAraNa meM aura saba kAryoM kA mUla kAraNa meM tInoM kAla meM astitva arthAt apUrva vastu kI utpatti kA sarvathA inkAra / pratItyasamutpAda vAda ke tIna lakSaNa haiM-(1) kAraNa aura kArya kA Atyantika bheda, ( 2 ) kisI bhI nitya yA pariNAmI kAraNa kA sarvathA asvIkAra, (3 ) aura prathama se asat aise kAryamAtra kA utpAda / / vivartavAda ke tIna lakSaNa ye haiM-(1) kisI eka pAramArthika satya kA svIkAra jo na utpAdaka hai aura na pariNAmI, (2) sthUla yA sUkSma bhAsamAna jagat ko utpatti kA yA

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AbhyAntara svarUpa use pariNAma mAnane kA sarvathA niSedha, ( 3 ) sthUla jagat kA avAstavika yA kAlpanika astitva arthAt mAyika bhAsamAtra / / ... .1 AraMbhavAda-isakA mantavya yaha hai ki paramANurUpa ananta sUkSma tattva jude jude haiM jinake pArasparika saMbaMdhoMse sthUla bhautika jagat kA nayA hI nirmANa hotA hai jo phira sarvathA naSTa bhI hotA hai / isake anusAra ve sUkSma AraMbhaka tattva anAdi nidhana haiM, apariNAmI haiM / agara phera phAra hotA hai to unake guNadharmoM meM hI hotA hai| isa vAda ne sthUla bhautika jagat kA saMbaMdha sUkSma bhUta ke sAtha lagAkara phira sUkSma cetanatatva kA bhI astitva mAnA hai / usane paraspara bhinna aise ananta cetana tattva mAne jo anAdinidhana evaM apariNAmI hI haiN| isa vAda ne jaise sUkSma bhUta tatvoM ko apariNAmI hI mAnakara unameM utpanna naSTa honevAle guNa dharmoM ke astitva kI alaga kalpanA kI vaise hI cetana tattvoM ko apariNAmI mAnakara bhI unameM utpAdavinAza-zAlI guNa-dharmoM kA alaga hI astitva svIkAra kiyA hai| isa matake anusAra sthUla bhautika vizva kA sUkSma bhUta ke sAtha to upAdAnopAdeya bhAva saMbaMdha hai para sUkSma cetana tattva ke sAtha sirpha saMyoga saMbaMdha hai / 2 pariNAmavAda-isake mukhya do bheda haiM (a ) pradhAnapariNAmavAda aura ( ba ) brahmapariNAmavAda / * (a) pradhAnapariNAmavAda ke anusAra sthUla vizva ke antastala meM eka sUkSma pradhAna nAmaka aisA tattva hai jo jude jude ananta paramANu rUpa na hokara unase bhI sUkSmatama svarUpa meM akhaNDa rUpa se vartamAna hai aura jo khuda hI paramANuoM kI taraha apariNAmI na raha kara anAdi ananta hote hue bhI nAnA pariNAmoM meM pariNata hotA rahatA hai| isa vAda ke anusAra sthUla bhautika vizva yaha sUkSma pradhAna tattva ke dRzya pariNAmoM ke sivAya aura kucha nahIM / isa vAda meM paramANuvAda kI taraha sUkSma tattva apariNAmI raha kara usameM se sthUla bhautika vizva kA nayA nirmANa nahIM hotA / para vaha sUkSma pradhAna tattva jo svayaM paramANu kI taraha jar3a hI hai, nAnA dRzya bhautika rUpa meM badalatA rahatA hai| isa pradhAna pariNAmavAda ne sthUla vizva kA sUkSma para jar3a aise eka mAtra pradhAna tattva ke sAtha abheda saMbaMdha lagA kara sUkSma jagat meM cetana tattvoM kA bhI astitva svIkAra kiyaa| isa vAda ke cetana tattva AraMbhavAda kI taraha ananta hI haiM para pharka donoM kA yaha hai ki AraMbhavAda ke cetana tattva apariNAmI hote hue bhI utpAda vinAza vAle guNa-dharma yukta haiM jaba ki pradhAnapariNAmavAda ke cetana tattva aise guNadharmoM se yukta nahIM / ve svayaM bhI kUTastha hone se apariNAmI haiM aura nirdharmaka hone se kisI utpAdavinAzazAlI guNa-dharma ko bhI dhAraNa nahIM krte| usakA kahanA yaha hai ki utpAdavinAzavAle guNadharma jaba sUkSma bhUta meM dekhe jAte haiM taba sUkSma cetana kucha vilakSaNa hI honA caahie| agara sUkSma cetana cetana ho kara bhI vaise guNa-dharmayukta hoM taba jaDa sUkSma se unakA vailakSaNya kyA rahI hai / ataeva vaha kahatA hai ki agara sUkSma cetana kA astitva mAnanA hI hai taba to sUkSya bhUta kI apekSA vilakSaNatA lAne ke liye unheM na kevala nidharmaka hI mAnanA

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prastAvanA ucita hai baski apariNAmI bhI mAnanA jarUrI hai| isa taraha pradhAnapariNAmavAda meM cetana tattva Aye para ve nirdharmaka aura apariNAmI hI mAne ge| (ba) brahmapariNAmavAda jo pradhAnapariNAmavAda kA hI vikasita rUpa jAna par3atA hai usane yaha to mAna liyA ki sthUla vizva ke mUla meM koI sUkSma tattva hai jo sthUla vizva kA kAraNa hai / para usane kahA ki aisA sUkSma kAraNa jaDa pradhAna tasva mAna kara usase bhinna sUkSma cetana tattva bhI mAnanA aura vaha bhI aisA ki jo ajAgalastana kI taraha sarvathA akiJcitkira so yukti saMgata nhiiN| usane pradhAnavAda meM cetana tattva ke astitva kI anupayogitA ko hI nahIM dekhA barika cetana tattva meM ananta saMkhyA kI kalpanA ko bhI anAvazyaka smjhaa| isI samajha se usane sUkSma jagat kI kalpanA aisI kI jisase sthUla jagata kI racanA bhI ghaTa sake aura akiJcitkara aise ananta cetana tattvoM kI niSprayojana kalpanA kA doSa bhI na rahe / isIse isa vAda ne sthUla vizva ke antastala meM jaDa cetana aise paraspara virodhI do tatva na mAnakara kevala eka brahma nAmaka cetana tatva hI svIkAra kiyA aura usakA pradhAna pariNAma kI taraha pariNAma mAna liyA jisase usI eka cetana brahma tatva meM se dUsare jaDa cetanamaya sthUla vizva kA AvirbhAvatirobhAva ghaTa ske| pradhAnapariNAmavAda aura brahmapariNAmavAda meM pharka itanA hI hai ki pahile meM jaDa pariNAmI hI hai aura cetana apariNAmI hI hai jaba dUsare meM aMtima sUkSma tatva eka mAtra cetana hI hai jo svayaM hI pariNAmI hai aura usI cetana meM se Age ke jaDa cetana aise do pariNAma pravAha cle| 3 pratItyasamutpAdavAda-yaha bhI sthUla bhUta ke nIce jaDa aura cetana aise do sUkSma tattva mAnatA hai jo kramazaH rUpa aura nAma kahalAte haiN| isa vAda ke jaDa aura cetana donoM sUkSma tattva paramANu rUpa haiM, AraMbhavAda kI taraha kevala jaDa tattva hI paramANu rUpa nahIM / isa vAda meM paramANu kA svIkAra hote hue bhI usakA svarUpa AraMbhavAda ke paramANu se bilakula bhinna mAnA gayA hai| AraMbhavAda meM paramANu apariNAmI hote hue bhI unameM guNadharmoM kI utpAdavinAza paraMparA alaga mAnI jAtI hai| jaba ki yaha pratItyasamutpAdavAda usa guNadhoM kI utpAda-vinAza paraMparA ko hI apane mata meM viziSTa rUpa se DhAla kara usake AdhArabhUta sthAyI paramANu dravyoM ko bilakula nahIM maantaa| isI taraha cetana tattva ke viSaya meM bhI yaha vAda kahatA hai ki sthAyI aise eka yA aneka koI cetana tattva nhiiN| alabattA sUkSma jaDa utpAda vinAza zAlI paraMparA kI taraha dUsarI caitanyarUpa utpAdavinAzazAlI paraMparA bhI mUla meM jaDa se bhinna hI sUkSma jagat meM vidyamAna hai jisakA koI sthAyI AdhAra nhiiN| isa vAda ke paramANu isaliye paramANu kahalAte haiM ki ve sabase atisUkSma aura avibhAjya mAtra haiN| para isaliye paramANu nahIM kahalAte ki ve koI avibhAjya sthAyI dravya hoN| yaha vAda kahatA hai ki guNadharma rahita kUTastha cetana tattva jaise anupayogI haiM vaise hI guNadharmoM kA utpAda vinAza mAna lene para usake AdhAra rUpa se phira sthAyI dravya kI kalpanA karanA bhI nirarthaka hai / ataeva isa vAda ke anusAra sUkSma jagat meM do dhArAe~ phalita hotI haiM jo paraspara bilakula bhinna

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Abhyantara svarUpa ho kara bhI eka dUsare ke asara se khAlI nahIM / pradhAna pariNAma yA brahma pariNAma vAda se isa vAda meM pharka yaha hai ki isameM ukta donoM vAdoM kI taraha kisI bhI sthAyI dravya kA astitva nahIM mAnA jAtA / aisA zaMku yA kIlaka sthAnIya sthAyI dravya na hote hue bhI pUrva pariNAmakSaNa kA yaha svabhAva hai ki vaha naSTa hote hote dusare pariNAma-kSaNa ko paidA karatA hI jaaygaa| arthAt uttara pariNAma-kSaNa vinAzonmukha pUrva pariNAma ke astitvamAtra ke Azraya se Apa hI Apa nirAdhAra utpanna ho jAtA hai| isI mAnyatA ke kAraNa yaha pratItyasamutpAdavAda kahalAtA hai| vastutaH pratItyasamutpAdavAda paramANuvAda bhI hai aura pariNAmavAda bhI / phira bhI tAttvika rUpa meM vaha donoM se bhinna hai|. 4 vivartavAda-vivartavAda ke mukhya do bheda haiM ( a ) nityabrahmavivarta aura (ba) kSaNikavijJAnavivarta / donoM vivartavAda ke anusAra sthUla vizva yaha nirA bhAsamAtra yA kalpanAmAtra hai, jo mAyA yA vAsanAjanita hai| vivartavAda kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki jagat yA vizva koI aisI vastu nahIM ho sakatI jisameM bAhya aura Antarika yA sthUla aura sUkSma tattva alaga alaga aura khaNDita hoN| vizva meM jo kucha vAstavika satya ho sakatA hai vaha eka hI ho sakatA hai kyoMki vizva vastutaH akhaNDa aura avibhAjya hI hai| aisI dazA meM jo bAhyatva-Antaratva, hasvatva-dIrghatva, duratva-samIpatva Adi dharmadvandva mAlUma hote haiM ve mAtra kAlpanika haiN| ataeva isa vAda ke anusAra lokasiddha sthUla vizva kevala kAlpanika aura prAtibhAsika satya hai| pAramArthika satya usakI taha meM nihita hai jo vizuddha dhyAnagamya hone ke kAraNa apane asalI svarUpa meM prAkRta janoM ke dvArA grAhya nahIM / nyAya-vaizeSika aura pUrva mImAMsaka AraMbhavAdI haiM / pradhAnapariNAmavAda sAMkhya-yoga aura caraka kA hai| brahmapariNAmavAda ke samarthaka bhartRprapaJca Adi prAcIna vedAntI aura Adhunika vallabhAcArya haiN| pratItyasamutpAdavAda bauddhoM kA hai aura vivartavAda ke samarthaka zAGkara vedAntI, vijJAnavAdI aura zUnyavAdI haiN| ____ Upara jina vAdoMkA varNana kiyA hai unake upAdAnarUpa vicAroMkA aitihAsika krama saMbhavataH aisA jAna par3atA hai-zurU meM vAstavika kAryakAraNabhAva kI khoja jar3a jagata taka hI rhii| vahIM taka vaha parimita rahA / kramazaH sthUla ke usa pAra cetana tattva kI zodha-kalpanA hote hI dRzya aura jar3a jagata meM prathama se hI siddha usa kAryakAraNabhAva kI pariNAminityatA rUpa se cetana tattva taka pahu~ca huii| cetana bhI jar3a kI taraha agara pariNAminitya ho to phira donoM meM antara hI kyA rahA ? isa prazna ne phira cetana ko kAyama rakha kara usameM kUTastha nityatA mAnane kI ora tathA pariNAminityatA yA kAryakAraNabhAva ko jaDa jagata taka hI parimita rakhane kI ora vicArakoM ko prerita kiyaa| cetana meM mAnI jAnevAlI kUTastha nityatA kA parIkSaNa phira zurU huvaa| jisameM se antatogatvA kevala kUTastha nityatA hI nahIM balki jaDagata pariNAminityatA bhI lupta hokara mAtra pariNamana dhArA hI zeSa rhii| isa prakAra eka tarapha Atyantika vizleSaNa ne mAtra pariNAma yA kSaNikatva vicAra ko janma diyA

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10 prastAvanA * taba dUsarI ora mAtyantika samanvaya buddhi ne caitanyamAtra pAramArthikavAda ko janmAyA / samanvaya buddhi ne anta meM caitanya taka pahu~ca kara socA ki jaba sarva vyApaka caitanya tattva hai taba usase bhinna jar3a tatva kI vAstavikatA kyoM mAnI jAya ? aura jaba koI jar3atattva alaga nahIM taba yaha dRzyamAna pariNamana- dhArA bhI vAstavika kyoM ? isa vicAra ne sAre bheda aura jar3a jagat ko mAtra kAlpanika manavAkara pAramArthika caitanyamAtravAda kI sthApanA karAI / ukta vicAra krama ke sopAna isa taraha rakhe jA sakate haiM 1 jar3a mAtra meM pariNAminityatA / 2 jar3a cetana donoM meM pariNAminityatA / 3 jar3a meM pariNAminityatA aura cetana meM kUTasthanityatA kA viveka / 4 ( a ) kUTastha aura pariNAmi donoM nityatA kA lopa aura mAtra pariNAmapravAha kI satyatA / ( ba ) kevala kUTastha caitanya kI hI yA caitanyamAtra kI satyatA aura tadbhinna sabakI kAlpanikatA yA asatyatA / 1 jaina paramparA dRzya vizva ke alAvA paraspara atyanta bhinna aise jar3a aura cetana ananta sUkSma tatvoM ko mAnatI hai / vaha sthUla jagata ko sUkSma jar3a tatvoM kA hI kArya yA rUpAntara mAnatI hai / jaina paraMparA ke sUkSma jar3a tattva paramANurUpa haiM / para ve ArambhavAda ke paramANu kI * apekSA atyanta sUkSma mAne gaye haiM / paramANuvAdI hokara bhI jaina darzana pariNAmavAda kI taraha paramANuoM ko pariNAmI mAnakara sthUla jagata ko unhIM kA rUpAntara yA pariNAma mAnatA hai / vastutaH jaina darzana pariNAmavAdI hai / para sAMkhya yoga tathA prAcIna vedAnta Adi ke pariNA vAda se jaina pariNAmavAda kA khAsa antara hai / vaha antara yaha hai ki sAMkhya-yoga kA pariNAmavAda cetana tattva se aspRSTa hone ke kAraNa jar3a taka hI parimita hai aura bhartRprapaJca Adi kA pariNAmavAda mAtra cetanatattvasparzI hai / jaba ki jaina pariNAmavAda jar3a-cetana, sthUlasUkSma samagra vastusparzI hai ataeva jaina pariNAmavAda ko sarvavyApaka pariNAmavAda samajhanA cAhie / bhartRprapaJcakA pariNAmavAda bhI sarva vyApaka kahA jA sakatA hai phira bhI usake aura jaina ke pariNAmavAda meM antara yaha hai ki bhartRprapaJca kA 'sarva' cetana brahmamAtra hai tadbhinna aura kucha nahIM / jaba ki jaina kA 'sarva' ananta jar3a aura cetana tattvoM kA hai / isa taraha Arambha aura pariNAma donoM vAdoM kA jaina darzana meM vyApakarUpa meM pUrA sthAna tathA samanvaya hai / para usameM pratItyasamutpAda tathA vivartavAda kA koI sthAna nahIM hai / vastumAtra ko pariNAmI nitya aura samAnarUpa se vAstavika satya mAnane ke kAraNa jainadarzana pratItyasamutpAda tathA vivartavAda kA sarvathA virodha hI karatA hai jaisA ki nyAya-vaizeSika sAMkhya- yoga Adi bhI karate haiM / nyAya-vaizeSika sAMkhya yoga Adi kI taraha jaina darzana cetanabahutvavAdI hai sahI, para usake cetana tattva aneka dRSTi se bhinna svarUpa vAle haiM / jaina darzana nyAya, sAMkhya, Adi kI taraha cetana ko na sarvavyApaka dravya mAnatA hai aura na viziSTAdvaita Adi kI taraha aNu 1

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bAya svarUpa mAtra hI mAnatA hai aura bauddha darzana kI taraha jJAna kI nidravyakadhArAmAtra / jainAbhimata samagra cetana tattva madhyama parimANa vAle aura saMkoca-vistArazIla hone ke kAraNa isa viSaya meM jar3a dravyoM se atyanta vilakSaNa nahIM / nyAya-vaizeSika aura yogadarzana mAnate haiM ki Atmatva yA cetanatva samAna hone para bhI jIvAtmA aura paramAtmAke bIca maulika bheda hai arthAt jIvAtmA kabhI paramAtmA yA Izvara nahIM aura paramAtmA sadA se hI paramAtmA yA Izvara hai kabhI jIvabandhanavAna nahIM hotA / jaina darzana isase bilakula ulTA mAnatA hai jaisA ki vedAnta Adi mAnate haiM / vaha kahatA hai ki jIvAtmA aura Izvara kA koI sahaja bheda nhiiN| saba jIvAtmAoM meM paramAtmazakti eka-sI hai jo sAdhana pAkara vyakta ho sakatI hai aura hotI bhI hai / alabattA jaina aura vedAnta kA isa viSaya meM itanA antara avazya hai ki vedAnta ekaparamAtmavAdI hai jaba jainadarzana cetana bahutvavAdI hone ke kAraNa tAttvikarUpa se bahuparamAtmavAdI hai| jaina paramparA ke tattvapatipAdaka prAcIna, arvAcIna, prAkRta, saMskRta koI bhI grantha kyoM na hoM para una sabameM nirUpaNa aura vargIkaraNa prakAra bhinna bhinna hone para bhI pratipAdaka dRSTi aura pratipAdya prameya, pramAtA Adi kA svarUpa vahI hai jo saMkSepa meM Upara spaSTa kiyA gyaa| 'pramANamImAMsA' bhI usI jaina dRSTi se unhIM jaina mantavyoM kA hArda apane DhaMga se pragaTa karatI hai| 2. bAhya svarUpa / prastuta 'pramANamImAMsA' ke bAhya svarUpa kA paricaya nimna likhita muddoM ke varNana se ho sakegA-zailI, vibhAga, parimANa, aura bhASA / / pramANamImAMsA sUtrazailI kA grantha hai| vaha kaNAda sUtroM yA tattvArtha sUtroM kI taraha na daza adhyAyoM meM hai, aura na jaiminIya sUtroM kI taraha bAraha adhyAyoM meM / bAdarAyaNa sUtroM kI taraha cAra adhyAya bhI nahIM aura pAtaJjala sUtroM kI taraha mAtra cAra pAda hI nahIM / vaha akSapAda ke sUtroM kI taraha pAMca adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai aura pratyeka adhyAya kaNAda yA akSapAda ke adhyAya kI taraha do do AhikoM meM parisamApta hai / hemacandra ne apane jude 2 viSaya ke pranthoM meM vibhAga ke jude jude krama kA avalambana karake apane samaya taka meM prasiddha saMskRta vAGmaya ke pratiSThita sabhI zAkhAoM ke granthoM ke vibhAga krama ko apane sAhitya meM apanAyA hai| kisI meM unhoMne adhyAya aura pAda kA vibhAga rakhA, kahIM adhyAyamAtra kA aura kahIM parva, sarga kANDa Adi kA / pramANamImAMsA tarka grantha hone ke kAraNa usameM unhoMne akSapAda ke prasiddha nyAyasUtroM ke adhyAya-Ahnika kA hI vibhAga rakhA, jo hemacandra ke pUrva akalaGka ne jaina vAGmaya meM zurU kiyA thaa| pramANamImAMsA pUrNa upalabdha nhiiN| usake mUlasUtra bhI utane hI milate haiM jitanoM kI vRtti labhya hai / ataeva agara unhoMne saba mUlasUtra race bhI hoM taba bhI patA nahIM cala sakatA ki unakI kula saMkhyA kitanI hogii| upalabdha sUtra 100 hI haiM aura utane hI sUtroM kI

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prastAvanA vRtti bhI hai / antima upalabdha 2. 1.35 kI vRtti pUrNa hone ke bAda eka naye sUtra kA utthAna unhoMne zurU kiyA hai aura usa adhUre utthAna meM hI khaNDita labhya grantha pUrNa ho jAtA hai / mAlUma nahIM ki isake Age kitane sUtroM se vaha Ahika pUrA hotA / jo kucha ho para upalabdha grantha do adhyAya tIna Ahnika mAtra hai jo svopajJa vRtti sahita hI hai| yaha kahane kI to jarUrata hI nahIM ki pramANamImAMsA kisa bhASA meM hai, para usakI bhASA viSayaka yogyatA ke bAre meM thor3A jAna lenA jarUrI hai| isameM sandeha nahIM ki jaina vAGmaya meM saMskRta bhASA ke praveza ke bAda uttarottara saMskRta bhASA kA vaizAradya aura prAJjala lekhapATava bar3hatA hI A rahA thA phira bhI hemacandra kA lekha vaizAradya kamase kama jaina vAGmaya meM to mUrdhanya sthAna rakhatA hai| vaiyAkaraNa, AlaGkArika, kavi aura koSakAra rUpa se hemacandra ko sthAna na kevala samagra jaina paraMparA meM balki bhAratIya vidvatparaMparA meM bhI asAdhAraNa rahA / yahI unakI asAdhAraNatA aura vyavahAradakSatA pramANamImAMsA kI bhASA va racanA meM spaSTa hotI hai| bhASA unakI vAcaspati mizra kI taraha napI-tUlI aura zabdADaMbara zunya sahaja prasanna hai| varNana meM na utanA saMkSepa hai jisase vaktavya aspaSTa rahe aura na itanA vistAra hai jisase grantha kevala zobhA kI vastu banA rahe / 3. jaina tarkasAhitya meM pramANamImAMsA kA sthAna / jaina tarka sAhitya meM pramANamImAMsA kA sthAna kyA hai ise samajhane ke liye jaina sAhitya ke parivartana yA vikAsa saMbadhI yugoM kA aitihAsika avalokana karanA jarUrI hai| aise yuga saMkSepa meM tIna haiM-1 Agamayuga, 2 saMskRtapraveza yA anekAntasthApana yuga, 3 nyAyapramANasthApana yug| pahalA yuga bhagavAna mahAvIra yA unake pUrvavartI bhagavAna pArzvanAtha se lekara Agama saMkalanA-vikramIya paJcama-SaSTha zatAbdI taka kA karIba hajAra-bAraha sau varSa kA hai| dUsarA yuga karIba do zatAbdiyoM kA hai jo karIba vikramIya chaThI zatAbdI se zurU hokara sAtavIM zatAbdI taka meM pUrNa hotA hai| tIsarA yuga vikramIya AThavIM zatAbdI se lekara aThArahavIM zatAbdI taka karIba eka hajAra varSa kA hai| sAMpradAyika saMgharSa aura dArzanika tathA dUsarI vividha vidyAoM ke vikAsa-vistAra ke prabhAva ke sababa se jaina paraMparA kI sAhitya kI antarmukha yA bahirmukha pravRtti meM kitanA hI yugAtara jaisA svarUpa bheda yA parivartana kyoM na huA ho para jaisA hamane pahile sUcita kiyA hai vaisA hI atha se iti taka dekhane para bhI hameM na jaina dRSTi meM parivartana mAlUma hotA hai aura na usake bAhya-Abhyantara tAttvika mantavyoM meM / 1. Agamayuga isa yuga meM bhASA kI dRSTi se prAkRta yA loka bhASAoM kI hI pratiSThA rahI jisase saMskRta bhASA aura usake vAGmaya ke parizIlana kI ora Atyantika upekSA kA honA sahaja thA

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jaina tarkasAhitya meM pramANamImAMsA kA sthAna jaisA ki bauddha paraMparA meM bhI thaa| isa yuga kA prameya nirUpaNa AcAra lakSI hone ke kAraNa usameM mukhyatayA svamatapradarzana kA hI bhAva hai / rAjasabhAoM aura itara vAdagoSThio meM vijaya bhAvanA se prerita hokara zAstrArtha karane kI tathA khaNDanapradhAna granthanirmANa kI pravRtti kA bhI isa yuga meM abhAva-sA hai| isa yuga kA pradhAna lakSaNa jar3a-cetana ke bheda-prabhedoM kA vistRta varNana tathA ahiMsA-saMyama-tapa Adi AcAroMkA nirUpaNa karanA hai| . ___ Agama yuga aura saMskRta yuga ke sAhitya kA pArasparika antara saMkSepa se itane hI meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki pahile yuga kA jaina sAhitya bauddha sAhitya kI taraha apane mUla uddeza ke anusAra lokabhogya hI rahA hai| jaba ki saMskRta bhASA aura usameM nibaddha tarka sAhitya ke adhyayana kI vyApaka pravRtti ke bAda usakA nirUpaNa sUkSma aura vizada hotA gayA hai sahI para sAtha hI sAtha vaha itanA jaTila bhI hotA gayA ki anta meM saMskRtakAlIna sAhitya lokabhogyatA ke mUla uddeza se cyUta hokara kevala vidvadbhogya hI banatA gayA / 2. saMskRtapraveza yA anekAntasthApana yuga saMbhavataH vAcaka umAsvAti yA tatsadRza anya AcAryoM ke dvArA jaina vAGmaya meM saMskRta bhASA kA praveza hote hI dUsare yuga kA parivartanakArI lakSaNa zurU hotA hai jo bauddha paraMparA meM to aneka zatAbdI pahile hI zurU ho gayA thaa| isa yuga meM saMskRta bhASA ke abhyAsa kI tathA usameM granthapraNayana kI pratiSThA sthira hotI hai| isameM rAjasabhApraveza, paravAdiyoM ke sAtha vAdagoSThI aura paramatakhaNDana kI pradhAna dRSTise svamata sthApaka granthoM kI racanA-ye pradhAnatayA najara Ate haiN| isa yuga meM siddhasena jaise eka-Adha AcArya ne jaina nyAya kI vyavasthA darzAne vAlA ekaAdha grantha bhale hI racA ho para aba taka isa yuga meM jainanyAya yA pramANazAstroM kI na to pUrI vyavasthA huI jAna par3atI hai aura na tadviSayaka tArkika sAhitya kA nirmANa hI dekhA jAtA hai| isa yuga ke jaina tArkikoM kI pravRtti kI pradhAna dizA dArzanika kSetroM meM eka aise jaina mantavya kI sthApanA kI ora rahI hai jisake bikhare hue aura kucha spaSTa-aspaSTa bIja Agama meM rahe aura jo mantavya Age jAkara bhAratIya sabhI darzana paraMparA meM eka mAtra jaina paraMparA kA hI samajhA jAne lagA, tathA jisa mantavya ke nAma para Aja taka sAre jaina darzana kA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai, vaha mantavya hai anekAntavAda kaa| dUsare yuga meM siddhasena ho yA samantabhadra, mallavAdI ho yA jinabhadra sabhI ne darzanAntaroM ke sAmane apane jainamata kI anekAnta dRSTi tArkika zailIse tathA paramata khaNDana ke abhiprAya se isa taraha rakhI hai ki jisase isa yuga ko anekAnta sthApana yuga hI kahanA samucita hogA / hama dekhate haiM ki ukta AcAryoM ke pUrvavartI kisIke prAkRta yA saMskRta grantha meM na to vaisI anekAnta kI tArkika sthApanA hai aura na anekAnta mUlaka saptabhaGgI aura nayavAda kA vaisA tArkika vizleSaNa hai, jaisA hama sanmati, dvAtriMzatdvAtriMzikA, nyAyAvatAra svayaMbhUstotra, Apta-mImAMsA, yuktyanuzAsana, nayacakra aura vizeSAvazyaka bhASya meM pAte haiN| isa yuga ke

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14 prastAvanA tarka - darzana niSNAta jaina AcAryoM ne nayavAda, saptabhaGgI aura anekAntavAda kI prabala aura spaSTa sthApanA kI ora itanA adhika puruSArtha kiyA ki jisake kAraNa jaina aura jainetara paraMparAoM meM jaina darzana anekAnta darzana ke nAma se hI pratiSThita huA / aura bauddha tathA brAhmaNa dArzanika paNDitoM kA lakSya anekAnta khaNDana kI ora gayA tathA ve kisI-na-kisI prakAra se apane granthoM meM mAtra anekAnta yA saptabhaGgI kA khaNDana karake hI jaina darzana ke mantavyoM ke khaNDana kI itizrI samajhane lage / isa yuga kI anekAnta aura tanmUlaka vAdoM kI sthApanA itanI gaharI huI ki jisapara uttaravartI aneka jainAcAryoM ne anekadhA pallavana kiyA hai phira bhI usameM naI maulika yuktiyoM kA zAyada hI samAveza huA hai| do so varSa ke isa yuga kI sAhityika pravRtti meM jaina nyAya aura pramANa zAstra kI pUrva bhUmikA to taiyAra huI jAna par3atI hai para isameM usa zAstra kA vyavasthita nirmANa dekhA nahIM jaataa| isa yuga kI paramatoM ke sayuktika khaNDana tathA darzanAntarIya samartha vidvAnoM ke sAmane svamata ke pratiSThita sthApana kI bhAvanA ne jaina paraMparA meM saMskRta bhASA ke tathA saMskRtanibaddha darzanAntarIya pratiSThita pranthoM ke parizIlana kI prabala jijJAsA paidA kara dI aura usI ne samartha jaina AcAryoM kA lakSya apane nijI nyAya tathA pramANa zAstra ke nirmANa kI ora khIMcA, jisakI kamI bahuta hI akhara rahI thI / 3. nyAya- pramANasthApana yuga usI paristhiti meM se akalaGka jaise dhuraMdhara vyavasthApaka kA janma huA / saMbhavataH akalaGka ne hI pahile-pahala socA ki jaina paraMparA ke jJAna, jJeya, jJAtA Adi sabhI padArthoM kA nirUpaNa tArkika zailI se saMskRta bhASA meM vaisA hI zAstrabaddha karanA Avazyaka hai jaisA brAhmaNa aura bauddha paraMparA ke sAhitya meM bahuta pahile se ho gayA hai aura jisakA adhyayana anivArya rUpase jaina tArkika karane lage haiN| isa vicAra se akalaGka ne dvimukhI pravRtti zurU kI / eka ora to bauddha aura brAhmaNa paraMparA ke mahatvapUrNa granthoMkA sUkSma parizIlana aura dUsarI ora samasta jaina mantavyoM kA tArkika vizleSaNa / kevala paramatoM kA nirAsa karane hI se akalaGka kA uddezya siddha ho nahIM sakatA thA / ataeva darzanAntarIya zAstroM ke sUkSma parizIlana meM se aura jaina mata ke talasparzI jJAna se unhoMne choTe-choTe para samasta jainatarkapramANa zAstra ke AdhArastambhabhUta aneka nyAya-pramANa viSayaka prakaraNa race jo diGnAga aura khAsakara dharmakIrti jaise bauddha tArkikoM ke tathA udyotakara, kumArila Adi jaise brAhmaNa tArkika ke prabhAva se bhare huve hone para bhI jaina mantavyoM kI bilakula naye sire aura svatantrabhAva se sthApanA karate haiM / akalaGkane nyAya pramANa zAstrakA jaina paraMparA meM jo prAthamika nirmANa kiyA, jo paribhASAe~, jo lakSaNa va parIkSaNa kiyA, jo pramANa- prameya AdikA vargIkaraNa kiyA aura parArthAnumAna tathA vAdakathA Adi paramata prasiddha vastuoM ke saMbaMdha meM jo jaina praNAlI sthira kI, saMkSepa meM abataka meM jaina paraMparA meM nahIM para anya paraMparAoM meM prasiddha aise tarkazAstra ke aneka padArthoM ko jainadRSTi se jaina paraMparA jo sAtmabhAva kiyA tathA Agama siddha I *

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15 jaina tarkasAhitya meM pramANamImAMsA kA sthAna apane mantavyoM ko jisa taraha dArzanikoM ke sAmane rakhane yogya banAyA, vaha saba unake choTe-choTe granthoM meM vidyamAna unake asAdhAraNa vyaktitva kA tathA nyAya-pramANasthApana yuga kA dyotaka hai| ___akalaGka ke dvArA prArabdha isa yuga meM sAkSAt yA paraMparA se akalaGka ke ziSya-praziSyoM ne hI unake sUtrasthAnIya granthoM ko bar3e-bar3e TIkAgranthoM se vaise hI alaGkRta kiyA jaise dharmakIrti ke granthoM ko unake ziSyoM ne / anekAnta yuga kI mAtra padyapradhAna racanA ko akalaka ne gadya-padya meM parivartita kiyA thA para unake uttaravartI anugAmiyoM ne usa racanA ko nAnArUpoM meM parivartita kiyA, jo rUpa bauddha aura brAhmaNa paraMparA meM pratiSThita ho cuke the| mANikyanandI akalaGka ke hI vicAra dohana meM se sUtroM kA nirmANa karate haiN| vidyAnanda akalaGka ke hI sUktoM para yA to bhASya racate haiM yA to padyavArtika banAte haiM yA dUsare choTe choTe aneka prakaraNa banAte haiN| anantavIrya, prabhAcandra aura vAdirAja jaise to akalaGkake saMkSipta sUktoM para itane bar3e aura vizada tathA jaTila bhASya va vivaraNa kara DAlate haiM ki jisase taba taka meM vikasita darzanAntarIya vicAra paraMparAoM kA eka taraha se jaina vAGmaya meM samAveza ho jAtA hai| dUsarI tarapha zvetAmbara paraMparAke AcArya bhI usI akalaGka sthApita praNAlIkI ora jhukate haiN| haribhadra jaise Agamika aura tArkika granthakAra ne to siddhasena aura samantabhadra Adi ke mArga kA pradhAnatayA anekAntajayapatA kA Adi meM anusaraNa kiyA para dhIre-dhIre nyAya-pramANa viSayaka svatantra prantha praNayana kI pravRtti mI zvetAmbarA paraMparA meM zurU huI / zvetAmbarAcArya siddhasena ne nyAyAvatAra racA thA / para vaha nirA prAraMbha mAtra thaa| akalaGka ne jaina nyAya kI sArI vyavasthA sthira kara dii| haribhadrane darzanAntarIya saba vArtAoM kA samuccaya bhI kara diyaa| isa bhUmikA ko lekara zAntyAcArya jaise zvetAMbara tArkika ne tarkavArtika jaisA choTA kintu sAragarbha grantha racA, isake bAda to zvetAmbara paraMparA meM nyAya aura pramANa granthoM ke saMgraha kA, parizIlana kA aura naye-naye grantha nirmANa kA aisA pUra AyA ki mAno samAjameM tabataka aisA koI pratiSThita vidvAn hI na samajhA jAne lagA, jisane saMskRta bhASA meM khAsa kara tarka yA pramANa para mUla yA TIkA rUpase kucha na kucha likhA na ho| isa bhAvanA meM se hI abhayadeva kA vAdArNava taiyAra huA jo saMbhavataH taba taka ke jaina saMskRta granthoM meM sabase bar3A hai| para jaina paraMparA poSaka gUjarAta gata sAmAjika-rAjakIya sabhI baloM kA sabase adhika upayoga vAdIdeva suri ke kiyaa| unhoMne apane grantha kA syAdvAdaratnAkara yathArtha hI nAma rkhaa| kyoMki unhoMne apane samaya taka meM prasiddha sabhI zvetAmbara digambara tArkikoM ke vicAra kA dohana apane grantha meM rakha diyA jo syAdvAda hI thaa| aura sAtha hI unhoMne apanI jAnIba se brAhmaNa aura bauddha paraMparA kI kisI bhI zAkhA ke mantavyoM kI vistRta carcA apane grantha meM na chodd'ii| cAheM vistAra ke kAraNa vaha prantha pAThya rahA na ho para tarkazAstra ke nirmANa meM aura vistRta nirmANa meM pratiSThA mAnane vAle jainamata kI badaulata eka ratnAkara jaisA samagra mantavyaratnoM kA saMgraha bana gayA, jo na kevala tatvajJAna kI dRSTi se hI upayogI hai, para aitihAsika dRSTi se bhI bar3e mahattva kA hai|

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16 prastAvanA Agamika sAhitya ke prAcIna aura ati vizAla khajAne ke uparAnta tattvArtha se lekara syAdvAdaratnAkara taka ke saMskRta va tArkika jaina sAhitya kI bhI bahuta bar3I rAzi hemacandra ke parizIlana patha meM AI jisase hemacandra kA sarvAGgINa sarjaka vyaktitva santuSTa hone ke bajAya eka aise naye sarjana kI ora pravRtta huvA jo taba taka ke jaina vAGmaya meM apUrva sthAna rakha sake 1 / diGnAga ke nyAyamukha, nyAyapraveza Adi se prerita hokara siddhasena ne jaina paraMparA meM nyAya - parArthAnumAna kA avatAra kara hI diyA thA / samantabhadra ne akSapAda ke prAvAdukoM (adhyAya caturtha) ke matanirAsa kI taraha Apta kI mImAMsA ke bahAne saptabhaGgI kI sthApanA meM para pravAdiyoM kA nirAsa kara hI diyA thA / tathA unhoMne jainetara zAsanoM se jaina zAsanakI vizeSa sayuktikatA kA anuzAsana bhI yuktyanuzAsana meM kara hI diyA thA / dharmakIrti ke pramANa vArtika, pramANavinizcaya Adi se bala pAkara tIkSNadRSTi akalaGka ne jaina nyAya kA vizeSa nizcaya - vyavasthApana tathA jaina pramANoM kA saMgraha arthAt vibhAga, lakSaNa Adi dvArA nirUpaNa aneka taraha se kara diyA thA / akalaGka ne sarvajJatva, jIvatva AdikI siddhi ke dvArA dharmakIrti jaise prAjJa bauddhoM ko javAba bhI diyA thA / sUkSmaprajJa vidyAnanda ne Apta kI, patra kI aura pramANoM kI parIkSA dvArA dharmakIrti kI tathA zAntarakSita kI vividha parIkSAoM kA jaina paraMparA meM sUtrapAta bhI kara hI diyA thA mANikyanandI ne parIkSAmukha ke dvArA nyAyabindu ke se sUtra grantha kI kamI ko dUra kara hI diyA thaa| jaise dharmakIrti ke anugAmI vinItadeva, dharmottara, prajJAkara, arcaTa Adi prakhara tArkikoM ne unake sabhI mUla granthoM para choTe bar3e bhASya yA vivaraNa likhakara unake granthoM ko paThanIya tathA vicAraNIya banAkara bauddha nyAyazAstra ko prakarSa kI bhUmikA para pahu~cAyA thA vaise hI eka tarapha se digambara paraMparA meM akalaGka ke saMkSipta para gahana sUktoM para unake anugAmI anantavIrya, vidyAnanda, prabhAcandra aura vAdirAja jaise vizArada tathA puruSArthI tArkikoM ne vistRta va gahana bhASya-vivaraNa Adi racakara jaina nyAya zAstra ko atisamRddha banAne kA silasilA bhI jArI kara hI diyA thA aura dUsarI tarapha se zvetAmbara paraMparA meM siddhasena ke saMskRta tathA prAkRta tarka prakaraNoM ko unake anugAmioM ne TIkA granthoM se bhUSita karake unheM vizeSa sugama tathA pracAraNIya banAne kA bhI prayatna isI yuga meM zurU kiyA thA / isI silasile meM se prabhAcandra ke dvArA prameyoM ke kamala para mArtaNDa kA prakhara prakAza tathA nyAya ke kumudoM para candra kA saumya prakAza DAlA hI gayA thA / abhayadeva ke dvArA tattvabodhavidhAyinI TIkA yA vAdArNava racA jAkara tattvasaMgraha tathA pramANavArtikAlaGkAra jaise bar3e granthoM ke abhAva kI pUrti kI gaI thI / vAdi deva ne ratnAkara racakara usameM sabhI pUrvavartI jaina grantharanoM kA pUrNatayA saMgraha kara diyA thA / yaha saba hemacandra ke sAmane thA / para unheM mAlUma huA ki usa nyAya-pramANa viSayaka sAhitya meM kucha bhAga to aisA hai jo ati mahattva kA hote hue bhI eka 2 viSaya kI hI carcA karatA hai yA bahuta hI saMkSipta hai / dUsarA bhAga aisA hai ki jo hai to sarvaviSayasaMgrAhI para vaha uttarottara itanA adhika vistRta tathA zabdakliSTa hai ki jo sarva sAdhAraNa ke abhyAsa kA viSaya

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bhAratIya pramANazAstra meM pramANamImAMsA kA sthAna 17 bana nahIM sakatA / isa vicAra se hemacandra ne eka aisA pramANa viSayaka grantha banAnA cAhA jo ki unake samaya taka carcita eka bhI dArzanika viSaya kI carcA se khAlI na rahe aura phira bhI vaha pAThyakrama yogya madhyama kada kA ho| isI dRSTi meM se 'pramANamImAMsA' kA janma huA / isameM hemacandra ne pUrvavartI Agamika tArkika sabhI jaina mantavyoM ko vicAra va manana se pacA kara apane DhaMga kI vizada va apunarukta sUtrazailI tathA sarvasaMgrAhiNI vizadatama svopajJa vRtti meM sanniviSTa kiyA / yadyapi pUrvavartI aneka jaina granthoM kA susaMbaddha dohana isa mImAMsA meM hai jo hindI TippaNoM meM kI gaI tulanA se spaSTa ho jAtA hai phira bhI usI adhurI tulanA ke AdhAra se yahA~ yaha bhI kaha denA samucita hai ki prastuta granthake nirmANa meM hemacandra ne pradhAna kina kina granthoM yA granthakAroM kA Azraya liyA hai| niryukti, vizeSAvazyaka bhASya tathA tatvArtha jaise Agamika grantha tathA siddhasena, samantabhadra, akalaGka, mANikyanandI aura vidyAnanda kI prAyaH samasta kRtiyA~ isakI upAdAna sAmagrI banI haiN| prabhAcandra ke mArtaNDa kA bhI isameM pUrA asara hai| agara anantavIrya sacamuca hemacandra ke pUrvavartI yA samakAlIna vRddha rahe hoMge to yaha bhI sunizcata hai ki isa grantha kI racanA meM unakI choTIsI prameyaratnamAlA kA vizeSa upayoga huA hai / vAdI devasUri kI kRti kA bhI upayoga isameM spaSTa hai; phira bhI jaina tArkikoM meM se akalaGka aura mANikyanandI kA hI mArgAnugamana pradhAnatayA dekhA jAtA hai / upayukta jainagranthoM meM Ae hue brAhmaNa bauddha granthoM kA upayoga ho jAnA to svAbhAvika hI thA; phira bhI pramANamImAMsA ke sUkSma avalokana tathA tulanAtmaka abhyAsa se yaha bhI patA cala jAtA hai ki hemacandra ne bauddha - brAhmaNa paraMparA ke kina kina vidvAnoM kI kRtioM kA adhyayana va parizIlana vizeSarUpa se kiyA thA jo pramANamImAMsA meM upayukta huA ho / diGnAga, khAsa kara dharmakIrti, dharmottara, arcaTa aura zAntarakSita ye bauddha tArkika inake adhyayana ke viSaya avazya rahe haiM / kaNAda, bhAsarvajJa, vyomaziva, zrIdhara, akSapAda, vAtsyAyana, udyotakara, jayanta, vAcaspati mizra, zabara, prabhAkara, kumArila Adi judI judI vaidika paraMparAoM ke prasiddha vidvAnoM kI saba kRtiyA~ prAyaH inake adhyayana kI viSaya rahIM / cArvAka ekadezIya jayarAzi bhaTTa kA Tags bhI inakI dRSTi ke bAhara nahIM thA / yaha saba hote hue bhI hemacandra kI bhASA tathA nirUpaNa zailI para dharmakIrti, dharmottara, arcaTa bhAsarvajJa, vAtsyAyana, jayanta, vAcaspati, kumArila Adi kA hI AkarSaka prabhAva par3A huA jAna par3atA hai| ataeva yaha adhUre rUpa meM upalabdha pramANamImAMsA bhI aitihAsika dRSTi se jaina tarkasAhitya meM tathA bhAratIya darzanasAhitya meM eka viziSTa sthAna rakhatI hai / +44 S4 bhAratIya pramANazAstra meM pramANamImAMsA kA sthAna bhAratIya pramANazAstra meM pramANamImAMsA kA tattvajJAna kI dRSTi se kyA sthAna hai ise ThIka 2 samajhane ke liye mukhyatayA do praznoM para vicAra karanA hI hogA / jainatArkikoM kI bhAratIya pramANazAstrako kyA dena hai, jo pramANamImAMsA meM sanniviSTa huI ho aura jisako

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'prastAvanA binA jAne kisI taraha bhAratIya pramANazAstra kA pUrA adhyayana ho hI nahIM sktaa| pUrvAcAryoM kI usa dena meM hemacandra ne apanI ora se kucha bhI vizeSa arpaNa kiyA hai yA nahIM aura kiyA hai to kina muddoM para ! 1. jainAcAryoM kI bhAratIya pramANazAstra ko dena 1. anekAntavAda-sabase pahalI aura sabase zreSTha saba denoM kI cAbI rUpa jainAcAryoM kI mukhya dena hai anekAnta tathA nayavAda kA zAstrIya nirUpaNa / vizva kA vicAra karanevAlI paraspara bhinna aisI mukhya do dRSTiyA~ haiN| eka hai sAmAnyagAminI aura dUsarI hai vizeSagAminI / pahalI dRSTi zurU meM to sAre vizva meM samAnatA hI dekhatI hai para vaha dhIre-dhIre abheda kI ora jhukate 2 aMta meM sAre vizva ko eka hI mUla meM dekhatI hai aura phalataH nizcaya karatI hai ki jo kucha pratIti kA viSaya hai vaha tattva vAstava meM eka hI hai| isa taraha samAnatA kI prAthamika bhUmikA se utara kara aMta meM vaha dRSTi tAttvikaekatA kI bhUmikA para A kara ThaharatI hai / usa dRSTi meM jo eka mAtra viSaya sthira hotA hai, vahI sat hai| sat tattvameM AtyaMtika rUpa se nimama hone ke kAraNa vaha dRSTi yA to bhedoM ko dekha hI nahIM pAtI yA unheM dekha kara bhI vAstavika na samajhane ke kAraNa vyAvahArika yA apAramArthika yA bAdhita kaha kara chor3a hI detI hai| cAhe phira ve pratItigocara hone vAle bheda kAlakRta hoM arthAt kAlapaTa para phaile hue hoM jaise pUrvApararUpa bIja, aMkura Adi; yA dezakRta hoM arthAt dezapaTa para vitata hoM jaise samakAlIna ghaTa, paTa Adi prakRti ke pariNAma; yA dravyagata arthAt dezakAla-nirapekSa sAhajika hoM jaise prakRti, puruSa tathA aneka puruSa / isake viruddha dusarI dRSTi sAre vizva meM asamAnatA hI asamAnatA dekhatI hai aura dhIre-dhIre usa asamAnatA kI jar3a kI khoja karate karate aMta meM vaha vizleSaNa kI aisI bhUmikA para pahu~ca jAtI hai, jahA~ use ekatA kI to bAta hI kyA, samAnatA bhI kRtrima mAlUma hotI hai / phalataH vaha nizcaya kara letI hai ki vizva eka dUsare se atyaMta bhinna aise bhedoM kA puMja mAtra hai| vastutaH usameM na koI vAstavika eka tattva hai aura na sAmya hii| cAhe vaha eka tattva samagra dezakAla-vyApI samajhA jAtA ho jaise prakRti; yA dravyabheda hone para bhI mAtra kAla vyApI eka samajhA jAtA ho jaise paramANu / uparyukta donoM dRSTiyA~ mUla meM hI bhinna haiN| kyoMki eka kA AdhAra samanvaya mAtra hai aura dUsarI kA AdhAra vizleSaNa mAtra / ina mUlabhUta do vicAra saraNiyoM ke kAraNa tathA unameM se prasphuTita honevAlI dusarI vaisI hI avAntara vicArasaraNiyoM ke kAraNa aneka muddoM para aneka virodhI vAda Apa hI Apa khar3e ho jAte hai| hama dekhate haiM ki sAmAnyagAminI pahalI dRSTi meM se samagra deza-kAla-vyApI tathA deza-kAla-vinirmukta aise eka mAtra sat-tattva yA brahmAdvaita kA vAda sthApita huA; jisane eka tarapha se sakala bhedoM ko aura tagrAhaka pramANoM ko mithyAM batalAyA aura sAtha hI sat-tattva ko vANI tathA tarka kI pravRtti se zunya kaha kara mAtra anubhavagamya kahA / dUsarI vizeSagAminI dRSTi meM se bhI kevala deza aura kAla bheda se hI bhinna nahIM

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bhAratIya pramANazAstra meM pramANamImAMsA kA sthAna barika svarUpa se bhI bhinna aise anaMta bhedoM kA vAda sthApita huaa| jisane eka ora se saba prakAra ke abhedoM ko mithyA batalAyA aura dUsarI tarapha se aMtima bhedoM ko vANI tathA tarka kI pravRtti se zunya kaha kara mAtra anubhavagamya batalAyA / ye donoM vAda aMta meM zunyatA ke tathA svAnubhavagagyatA ke pariNAma para pahuMce sahI, para donoM kA lakSya atyaMta bhinna hone ke kAraNa ve Apasa meM bilakula hI TakarAne aura paraspara viruddha dikhAI dene lge| - ukta mUlabhUta do vicAradhArAoM meM se phUTane vAlI yA unase sambandha rakhane vAlI bhI aneka vicAradhArAe~ pravAhita huii| kisI ne abheda ko to apanAyA, para usakI vyApti kAla aura deza paTa taka athavA mAtra kAlapaTa taka rakhI / svarUpa yA dravya taka use nahIM bar3hAyA / isa vicAra dhArA meM se aneka dravyoM ko mAnane para bhI una dravyoM kI kAlika nityatA tathA daizika vyApakatA ke vAda kA janma huA jaise sAMkhya kA prkRti-purussvaad| dusarI vicAradhArA ne usakI apekSA bheda kA kSetra bddh'aayaa| jisase usane kAlika nityatA tathA daizika vyApakatA mAna kara bhI svarUpataH jar3a dravyoM ko adhika saMkhyA meM sthAna diyA jaise paramANu, vibhudravyavAda / advaitamAtra ko yA sanmAtrako sparza karanevAlI dRSTi kisI viSaya meM bheda sahana na kara sakane ke kAraNa abhedamUlaka anekavAdoM kA sthApana kare, yaha svAbhAvika hI hai| huA bhI aisA hI / isI dRSTi meM se kArya-kAraNa ke abhedamUlaka mAtra satkAryavAda kA janma huaa| dharma-dharmI, guNa-guNI, AdhAra-Adheya Adi dvaMdvoM ke abhedavAda bhI usImeM se phalita hue / jaba ki dvaita aura bheda ko sparza karanevAlI dRSTi ne aneka viSayoM meM bhedamUlaka hI nAnA vAda sthApita kiye| usane kArya kAraNa ke bhedamUlaka mAtra asatkAryavAda ko janma diyA tathA dharma-dharmI, guNa-guNI, AdhAra-Adheya Adi aneka dvaMdvoM ke bhedoM ko bhI mAna liyaa| isa taraha hama bhAratIya tattvaciMtana meM dekhate haiM ki maulika sAmAnya aura vizeSa dRSTi tathA unakI avAntara sAmAnya aura vizeSa dRSTiyoM meM se paraspara viruddha aise aneka matoM-darzanoM kA janma huA; jo apane virodhivAda kI AdhArabhUta bhUmikA kI satyatA kI kucha bhI paravA na karane ke kAraNa eka dUsare ke prahAra meM hI caritArthatA mAnane lge| __ sadvAda advaitagAmI ho yA dvaitagAmI jaisA ki sAMkhyAdi kA, para vaha kArya-kAraNa ke abheda mUlaka satkAryavAda ko binA mAne apanA mUla lakSya siddha hI nahIM kara sakatA jaba ki asadvAda kSaNikagAmI ho jaise bauddhoM kA, sthiragAmI ho yA nityagAmI ho jaise vaizeSika Adi kA-para vaha asatkAryavAda kA sthApana binA kiye apanA lakSya sthira kara hI nahIM sakatA / ataeva satkAryavAda aura asatkAryavAda kI pArasparika Takkara huii| advaitagAmI aura dvaitagAmI sadvAda meM se janmI huI kUTasthatA jo kAlika nityatA rUpa hai aura vibhutA jo daizika vyApakatArUpa hai unakI-deza aura kAlakRta niraMza aMzavAda arthAt niraMza kSaNavAda ke sAtha Takkara huI; jo ki vastutaH saddarzana ke virodhI darzana meM se phalita hotA hai| eka tarapha se sAre vizva ko akhaNDa aura eka tattvarUpa mAnanevAle aura dUsarI tarapha se use niraMza aMza

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prastAvanA puMja mAnanevAle apane-apane lakSya kI siddhi tabhI kara sakate the jaba ve apane abhISTa tattva ko anirvacanIya arthAt anabhilApya-zabdAgocara mAneM, kyoMki zabda ke dvArA nirvacana mAnane para na to akhaNDa sat tattva kI siddhi ho sakatI hai aura na niraMza bhedatattva kii| nirvacana karanA hI mAnoM akhaNDatA yA niraMzatA kA lopa kara denA hai| isa taraha akhaNDa aura niraMzavAda meM se anirvacanIyatvavAda Apa hI Apa phalita huaa| para usa vAda ke sAmane lakSaNavAdI vaizeSika Adi tArkika hue, jo aisA mAnate haiM ki vastumAtra kA nirvacana karanA yA lakSaNa banAnA zakya hI nahIM barika vAstavika bhI ho sakatA hai / isameM se nirvacanIyatvavAda kA janma huA aura ve-anirvacanIya tathA nirvacanIyavAda ApasameM TakarAne lge| isI prakAra koI mAnate the ki pramANa cAhe jo ho para hetu arthAt tarka ke sivAya kisI se antima nizcaya karanA bhayAspada hai| jaba dUsare koI mAnate the ki hetuvAda svataMtra bala nahIM rkhtaa| aisA bala Agama meM hI hone se vahI mUrdhanya pramANa hai| isIse ve donoM bAda paraspara TakarAte the| daivajJa kahatA thA ki saba kucha daivAdhIna hai| pauruSa svatantrarUpa se kucha kara nahIM sktaa| pauruSavAdI ThIka isase ulaTA kahatA thA ki pauruSa hI svatantrabhAva se kAryakara hai| ataeva ve donoM vAda eka dUsare ko asatya hI mAnate rahe / arthanaya-padArthavAdI zabda kI aura zabdanaya-zAbdika artha kI paravA na karake paraspara khaNDana karane meM pravRtta the / koI abhAva ko bhAva se pRthak hI mAnatA to dUsarA koI use bhAva svarUpa hI mAnatA thA aura ve donoM bhAva se abhAva ko pRthak mAnane na mAnane ke bAre meM paraspara pratipakSabhAva dhAraNa karate rahe / koI pramAtA se pramANa aura pramiti ko atyanta bhinna mAnate to dUsare koI usase unheM abhinna mAnate the| koI varNAzrama vihita karma mAtra para bhAra dekara usIse iSTa prApti batalAte to koI jJAnamAtra se AnandApti pratipAdana karate jaba tIsare koI bhakti ko hI parama pada kA sAdhana mAnate rahe aura ve sabhI eka dUsare kA AvezapUrvaka khaNDana karate rhe| isa taraha tattvajJAna ke va AcAra ke choTe-bar3e aneka muddoM para paraspara bilakula virodhI aise aneka ekAnta mata pracalita hue| . una ekAntoM kI pArasparika vAda-lIlA dekhakara anekAntadRSTi ke uttarAdhikArI AcAryoM ko vicAra AyA ki asala meM ye saba vAda jo ki apanI apanI satyatA kA dAvA karate haiM ve ApasameM itane lar3ate haiM kyoM ? kyA una saba meM koI tathyAMza hI nahIM, yA saba meM tathyAMza hai, yA kisI kisI meM tathyAMza hai, yA sabhI pUrNa satya hai ! isa prazna ke antarmukha jabAba meM se unheM eka cAbI mila gaI jisake dvArA unheM saba virodhoM kA samAdhAna ho gayA aura pUre satya kA darzana huaa| vahI cAbI anekAntavAda kI bhUmikA rUpa anekAntadRSTi hai / isa dRSTi ke dvArA unhoMne dekhA ki pratyeka sayuktika vAda amuka amuka dRSTi se amuka amuka sImA taka satya hai / phira bhI jaba koI eka vAda dUsare vAda kI AdhArabhUta vicAra-saraNI aura usa vAda kI sImA kA vicAra nahIM karatA aura apanI AdhArabhUta dRSTi tathA apane viSaya kI sImA meM hI saba kucha mAna letA hai, taba use kisI bhI taraha dusare vAda kI satyatA mAlama

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bhAratIya pramANazAstra meM pramANamImAMsA kA sthAna 21 hI nahIM ho pAtI / yahI hAlata dusare virodhI vAda kI bhI hotI hai| aisI dazA meM nyAya isI meM hai ki pratyeka vAda ko usI kI vicAra saraNI se usI kI viSaya-sImA taka hI jA~cA jAya aura isa jA~ca meM vaha ThIka nikale to use satya kA eka bhAga mAna kara aise saba satyAMzarUpa maNiyoM ko eka pUrNa satyarUpa vicAra sUtra meM piro kara avirodhI mAlA banAI jAya / isa vicAra ne jainAcAryoM ko anekAntadRSTi ke AdhAra para tatkAlIna saba vAdoM kA samanvaya karane kI ora prerita kiyA / unhoMne socA ki jaba zuddha aura niHsvArtha citta vAla meM se kinhIM ko ekatvaparyavasAyI sAmyapratIti hotI hai aura kinhIM ko niraMza aMza paryavasAyI bheda pratIti hotI hai taba yaha kaise kahA jAya ki amuka eka hI pratIti pramANa hai aura dUsarI nahIM / kisI eka ko apramANa mAnane para tulya yuktise donoM pratItiyA~ apramANa hI siddha hoNgii| isake sivAya kisI eka pratIti ko pramANa aura dUsarI ko apramANa mAnane vAloM ko bhI anta meM apramANa mAnI huI pratIti ke viSayarUpa sAmAnya yA vizeSa ke sArvajanika vyavahAra kI upapatti to kisI na kisI taraha karanI hI par3atI hai / yaha nahIM ki apanI iSTa pratIti ko pramANa kahane mAtra se saba zAstrIya - laukika vyavahAroM kI upapatti bhI ho jAya / yaha bhI nahIM ki aise vyavahAroM ko upapanna vinA kiye hI chor3a diyA jAya / brahmatvavAdI bhedoM ko va unakI pratIti ko avidyAmUlaka hI kaha kara unakI upapatti karegA; jaba ki kSaNikatvavAdI sAmya yA ekatva ko va usakI pratIti ko hI avidyAmUlaka kaha kara aise vyavahAroM kI upapatti karegA / aisA socane para anekAnta ke prakAza meM anekAntavAdiyoM ko mAlUma huA ki pratIti abhedagAminI ho yA bhedagAminI, haiM to sabhI vAstavika / pratyeka pratIti kI vAstavikatA usake apane viSaya taka to hai para jaba vaha viruddha dikhAI denevAlI dUsarI pratIti ke viSaya kI ayathArthatA dikhAne lagatI hai taba vaha khuda bhI avAstavika bana jAtI hai / abheda aura bheda kI pratItiyA~ viruddha isIse jAna par3atI haiM ki pratyeka ko pUrNa pramANa mAna liyA jAtA hai / sAmAnya aura vizeSa kI pratyeka pratIti svaviSaya meM yathArtha hone para bhI pUrNa pramANa nahIM / vaha pramANa kA aMza avazya hai / vastu kA pUrNa svarUpa to aisA hI honA cAhie, jisase ki ve viruddha dikhAI denevAlI pratItiyA~ bhI apane sthAna meM rahakara use avirodhIbhAva se prakAzita kara sakeM aura ve saba milakara vastu kA pUrNa svarUpa prakAzita karane ke kAraNa pramANa mAnI jA sakeM / isa samanvaya yA vyavasthAgarbhita vicAra ke bala para unhoMne samajhAyA ki sad-advaita aura sad-dvaita ke bIca koI virodha nahIM, kyoMki vastu kA pUrNasvarUpa hI abheda aura bheda yA sAmAnya aura vizeSAtmaka hI hai / jaise hama sthAna, samaya, raMga, rasa, parimANa Adi kA vicAra kiye binA hI vizAla jalarAzi mAtra kA vicAra karate haiM taba hameM eka hI eka samudra pratIta hotA hai / para usI jalarAzi ke vicAra meM jaba sthAna, samaya Adi kA vicAra dAkhila hotA hai taba hameM eka akhaNDa samudra ke sthAna meM aneka choTe bar3e samudra najara Ate haiM; yahA~ taka ki anta meM hamAre dhyAna meM jalakaNa taka nahIM rahatA usameM

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prastAvanA kevala koI avibhAjya rUpa yA rasa Adi kA aMza hI raha jAtA hai aura anta meM vaha bhI zunyavat bhAsita hotA hai / jalarAzi meM akhaNDa eka samudra kI buddhi bhI vAstavika hai aura antima aMza kI buddhi bhI / eka isalie vAstavika hai ki vaha bhedoM ko alaga 2 rUpa se sparza na karake saba ko eka sAtha sAmAnyarUpa se dekhatI hai| sthAna, samaya Adi kRta bheda jo eka dUsare se vyAvRtta haiM unako alaga 2 rUpa se viSaya karanevAlI buddhi bhI vAstavika hai| kyoMki ve bheda vaise hI haiN| jalarAzi eka aura aneka ubhayarUpa hone ke kAraNa usameM honevAlI samudrabuddhi aura aMzabuddhi apane 2 sthAna meM yathArtha hokara bhI koI eka buddhi pUrNa svarUpa ko viSaya na karane ke kAraNa pUrNa pramANa nahIM hai| phira bhI donoM milakara pUrNa pramANa hai| vaise hI jaba hama sAre vizva ko eka mAtra sat-rUpa se dekheM athavA yoM kahie ki jaba hama samasta bhedoM ke antargata eka mAtra anugamaka sattA svarUpa kA vicAra kareM taba hama kahate haiM ki ekamAtra sat hI hai| kyoMki usa sarvagrAhI sattA ke vicAra ke samaya koI aise bheda bhAsita nahIM hote jo paraspara meM vyAvRtta hoM / usa samaya to sAre bheda samaSTirUpa meM yA eka mAtra sattA rUpa meM hI bhAsita hote haiN| aura tabhI sad-advaita kahalAtA hai / ekamAtra sAmAnya kI pratIti ke samaya sat zabda kA artha bhI utanA vizAla ho jAtA hai ki jisameM koI zeSa nahIM bctaa| para hama jaba usI vizva ko guNadharma kRta medoM meM jo ki paraspara vyAvRtta haiM, vibhAjita karate haiM, taba vaha vizva eka sat rUpa se miTa kara aneka sat rUpa pratIta hotA hai| usa samaya sat zabda kA artha bhI utanA hI choTA ho jAtA hai| hama kabhI kahate haiM ki koI sat jar3a bhI hai aura koI cetana bhI / hama aura adhika bhedoM kI ora jhuka kara phira yaha bhI kahate haiM ki jaDasat bhI aneka haiM aura cetanasat bhI aneka haiM / isa taraha jaba sarvagrAhI sAmAnyako vyAvartaka bhedoM meM vibhAjita karake dekhate haiM taba hameM nAnA sat mAlUma hote haiM aura vahI sad-dvaita hai / isa prakAra eka hI vizva meM pravRtta honevAlI sad-advaita buddhi aura sada-dvaita buddhi donoM apane 2 viSaya meM yathArtha hokara bhI pUrNa pramANa tabhI kahI jAya~gI jaba ve donoM sApekSa rUpa se mileN| yahI sad-advaita aura sad-dvaita vAda jo paraspara viruddha samajhe jAte haiM unakA anekAnta dRSTi ke anusAra samanvaya huA / ise vRkSa aura vana ke dRSTAnta se bhI spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaba aneka paraspara bhinna vRkSa vyaktiyoM ko usa usa vyakti rUpa se grahaNa na karake sAmUhika yA sAmAnya rUpa meM vana rUpa se grahaNa karate haiN| taba una saba vizeSoM kA abhAva nahIM ho jaataa| para ve saba vizeSa sAmAnya rUpa se sAmAnyagrahaNa meM hI aise lIna ho jAte haiM mAno ve haiM hI nhiiN| eka mAtra vana hI vana naz2ara AtA hai yahI eka prakAra kA advaita huaa| phira kabhI hama jaba eka-eka vRkSa ko vizeSa rUpa se samajhate haiM taba hameM paraspara bhinna vyaktiyA~ hI vyaktiyA~ naz2ara AtI haiM, usa samaya vizeSa pratIti meM sAmAnya itanA antarlIna ho jAtA hai ki mAnoM vaha hai hI nhiiN| aba ina donoM anubhavoM kA vizleSaNa karake dekhA jAya to yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki koI eka hI satya hai aura dUsarA asatya / apane apane viSaya meM donoM kI sasyatA hote

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bhAratIya pramANazAstra meM pramANamImAMsA kA sthAna hue bhI kisI eka ko pUrNa satya nahIM kaha sakate / pUrNa satya donoM anubhavoM kA samucita samanvaya hI hai / kyoMki isI meM sAmAnya aura vizeSAtmaka vana-vRkSoM kA abAdhita anubhava samA sakatA hai / yahI sthiti vizva ke sambandha meM sad-advaita kiMvA sad-dvaita dRSTi kI bhI hai / kAlika, daizika aura deza-kAlAtIta sAmAnya-vizeSa ke uparyukta advaita dvaitavAda se Age bar3ha kara eka kAlika sAmAnya vizeSa ke sUcaka nityatvavAda aura kSaNikatvavAda bhI haiN| ye donoM vAda eka dUsare ke viruddha hI jAna par3ate haiM, para anekAnta dRSTi kahatI hai ki vastutaH unameM koI virodha nhiiN| jaba hama kisI tatva ko tInoM kAloM meM akhaNDarUpa se arthAt anAdi-anaMtarUpa se dekheMge taba vaha akhaNDa pravAha rUpa meM Adi-aMta rahita hone ke kAraNa nitya hI hai / para hama jaba usa akhaNDa pravAha patita tattva ko choTe bar3e ApekSika kAla bhedoM meM vibhAjita kara lete haiM, taba usa usa kAla paryaMta sthAyI aisA parimita rUpa hI naz2ara AtA hai, jo sAdi bhI hai aura sAnta bhii| agara vivakSita kAla itanA choTA ho jisakA dUsarA hissA buddhizastra kara na sake to usa kAla se paricchinna vaha tattvagata prAvAhika aMza sabase choTA hone ke kAraNa kSaNika kahalAtA hai / nitya aura kSaNika ye donoM zabda ThIka eka dusare ke viruddhArthaka haiN| eka anAdi-ananta kA aura dUsarA sAdi-sAnta kA bhAva darasAtA hai| phira bhI hama anekAntadRSTi ke anusAra samajha sakate haiM ki jo tattva akhaNDa pravAha kI apekSA se nitya kahA jA sakatA hai vahI tattva khaNDa khaNDa kSaNaparimita parivartanoM va paryAyoM kI apekSA se kSaNika bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| eka vAda kI AdhAradRSTi hai anAdi-anaMtatA kI dRSTi / jaba dUsare kI AdhAra hai sAdi-sAntatAkI dRSTi / vastu kA kAlika pUrNa svarUpa anAdi-anaMtatA aura sAdi-sAntatA ina do aMzoM se banatA hai| ataeva donoM dRSTiyA~ apane apane viSaya meM yathArtha hone para bhI pUrNa pramANa tabhI banatI haiM jaba ve samanvita hoM / isa samanvayako dRSTAnta se bhI isa prakAra spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai / kisI eka vRkSakA jIvana-vyApAra mUla se lekara phala taka meM kAlakrama se hone vAlI bIja, mUla, aMkura, skandha, zAkhA-pratizAkhA, patra, puSpa aura phala Adi vividha avasthAoM meM hokara hI pravAhita aura pUrNa hotA hai / jaba hama amuka vastu ko vRkSarUpa se samajhate haiM taba uparyukta saba avasthAoM meM pravAhita honevAlA pUrNa jIvana vyApAra hI akhaNDarUpa se manameM AtA hai; para jaba hama usI jIvana vyApAra ke paraspara bhinna aise kramabhAvI mUla, aMkura skandha Adi eka eka aMza ko grahaNa karate haiM taba ve parimita kAla-lakSita aMza hI hamAre manameM Ate haiN| isa prakAra hamArA mana kabhI to usa samUce jIvana-vyApAra ko akhaNDa rUpa meM sparza karatA hai aura kabhI use khaNDita rUpa meM eka-eka aMza ke dvArA / parIkSaNa karake dekhate haiM to sApha jAna par3atA hai ki na to akhaNDa jIvana-vyApAra hI eka-mAtra pUrNa vastu hai yA kAlpanika mAtra hai aura na khaNDita aMza hI.pUrNa vastu hai yA kAlpanika / bhale hI usa akhaNDa meM sAre khaNDa aura sAre khaNDoM meM vaha eka mAtra akhaNDa samA jAtA ho phira bhI vastu kA pUrNa svarUpa to akhaNDa aura khaNDa donoM meM hI paryavasita hone ke kAraNa donoM pahaluoM se gRhIta hotA hai| jaise ve

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24 prastAvanA donoM pahalU apanI-apanI kakSA meM yathArtha hokara bhI pUrNa tabhI banate haiM jaba samanvita kiye jAya~ / vaise hI anAdi-ananta kAlapravAha rUpa vRkSa kA grahaNa nityatva kA vyaJjaka hai aura usake ghaTaka aMzoM kA grahaNa anityatva yA kSaNikatva kA dyotaka hai / AdhArabhUta nitya-pravAha ke sivAya na to anitya ghaTaka sambhava haiM aura na anitya ghaTakoM ke sivAya vaisA nitya pravAha hii| ataeva ekamAtra nityatva ko yA ekamAtra anityatva ko vAstavika kaha kara dUsare virodhI aMza ko avAstavika kahanA hI nitya anityavAdoM kI Takkara kA bIja hai jise ane. kAntadRSTi haTAtI hai| anekAntadRSTi anirvacanIyatva aura nirvacanIyatva vAda kI pArasparika Takkara ko bhI miTAtI hai| vaha kahatI hai ki vastu kA vahI rUpa pratipAdya ho sakatA hai jo saMketa kA viSaya bana sake / sUkSmatama buddhi ke dvArA kiyA jAnevAlA saMketa bhI sthUla aMza ko hI viSaya kara sakatA hai / vastu ke aise aparimita bhAva haiM jinheM saMketa ke dvArA zabda se pratipAdana karanA saMbhava nhiiN| isa artha meM akhaNDa sat yA niraMza kSaNa anirvacanIya hI haiM jaba ki madhyavartI sthUla bhAva nirvacanIya bhI ho sakate haiN| ataeva samagra vizva ke yA usake kisI eka tattva ke bAre meM jo anirvacanIyatva aura nirvacanIyatva ke virodhI pravAda haiM ve vastutaH apanIapanI kakSA meM yathArtha hone para bhI pramANa to samUce rUpa meM hI haiN| eka hI vastu kI bhAvarUpatA aura abhAvarUpatA bhI viruddha nahIM / mAtra vidhimukha se yA mAtra niSedhamukha se hI vastu pratIta nahIM hotii| dudha, dudha rUpa se bhI pratIta hotA hai aura adadhi yA dadhibhinna rUpa se bhii| aisI dazA meM vaha bhAva-abhAva ubhaya rUpa siddha ho jAtA hai aura eka hI vastu meM bhAvatva yA abhAvatva kA virodha pratIti ke svarUpa bheda se haTa jAtA hai / isI taraha dharma-dharmI, guNa-guNI, kArya-kAraNa, AdhAra-Adheya Adi dvandvoM ke abheda aura bheda ke virodha kA parihAra bhI anekAnta dRSTi kara detI hai| jahA~ Aptatva aura usake mUla ke prAmANya meM saMdeha ho vahA~ hetuvAda ke dvArA parIkSA pUrvaka hI nirNaya karanA kSemaMkara hai; para jahA~ Aptatva meM koI saMdeha nahIM vahA~ hetuvAda kA prayoga anavasthAkAraka hone se tyAjya hai / aise sthAna meM AgamavAda hI mArgadarzaka ho sakatA hai| isa taraha-viSayabheda se yA eka hI viSaya meM pratipAdya bheda se hetuvAda aura AgamavAda donoM ko avakAza hai| unameM koI virodha nahIM / yahI sthiti daiva aura pauruSavAda kI bhI hai| unameM koI virodha nahIM / jahA~ buddhi-pUrvaka pauruSa nahIM, vahA~ kI samasyAoM kA hala daivavAda kara sakatA hai| para pauruSa ke buddhipUrvaka prayogasthala meM pauruSavAda hI sthAna pAtA hai| isa taraha jude jude pahala kI apekSA eka hI jIvana meM daiva aura pauruSa donoM vAda samanvita kiye jA sakate haiN| kAraNa meM kArya ko kevala sat yA kevala asat mAnane vAle vAdoM ke virodha kA bhI parihAra anekAnta dRSTi saralatA se kara detI hai| vaha kahatI hai ki kArya upAdAna meM sat bhI hai aura asat bhii| kaTaka banane ke pahale bhI suvarNa meM kaTaka banane kI zakti hai isalie

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bhAratIya pramANazAstra meM pramANamImAMsA kA sthAna utpatti ke pahale bhI zakti rUpa se yA kAraNAmeda dRSTi se kArya sat kahA jA sakatA hai| zakti rUpa se sat hone para bhI utpAdaka sAmagrI ke abhAva meM vaha kArya AvirbhUta yA utpanna na hone ke kAraNa upalabdha nahIM hotA, isalie vaha asat bhI hai| tirobhAva dazA meM jaba ki kaTaka upalabdha nahIM hotA taba bhI kuNDalAkAradhArI suvarNa kaTaka rUpa banane kI yogyatA rakhatA hai isalie usa dazA meM asat bhI kaTaka yogyatA kI dRSTi se suvarNa meM sat kahA jA sakatA hai| baudoM kA kevala paramANu-puJja-vAda aura naiyAyikoM kA apUrvAvayavI vAda ye donoM Apasa meM TakarAte haiN| para anekAntadRSTi ne skandha kA-jo ki na kevala paramANu-puJja hai aura na anubhavabAdhita avayavoM se bhinna apUrva avayavI rUpa hai-svIkAra karake virodha kA samucita rUpa se parihAra va donoM vAdoM kA nirdoSa samanvaya kara diyA hai| isI taraha anekAntadRSTi ne aneka viSayoM meM pravartamAna virodhI vAdoM kA samanvaya madhyastha bhAva se kiyA hai| aisA karate samaya anekAntavAda ke AsapAsa nayavAda aura bhaMgavAda Apa hI Apa phalita ho jAte haiM; kyoMki jude jude pahala yA dRSTibindu kA pRthakkaraNa, unakI viSayamaryAdA kA vibhAga aura unakA eka viSaya meM yathocita vinyAsa karane hI se anekAnta siddha hotA hai| makAna kisI eka kone meM pUrA nahIM hotaa| usake aneka kone bhI kisI eka hI dizA meM nahIM hote| pUrva-pazcima, uttara-dakSiNa Adi paraspara viruddha dizA vAle eka-eka kone para khar3e rahakara kiyA jAne vAlA usa makAna kA avalokana pUrNa to nahIM hotA, para vaha ayathArtha bhI nahIM / jude jude saMbhavita sabhI konoM para khar3e raha kara kiye jAne vAle sabhI saMbhavita avalokanoM kA sAra samuccaya hI usa makAna kA pUrA avalokana hai| pratyeka koNa saMbhavI pratyeka avalokana usa pUrNa avalokana ke anivArya aMga haiN| vaise hI kisI eka vastu yA samagra vizva kA tAttvika ciMtana-darzana bhI aneka apekSAoM se niSpanna hotA hai| mana kI sahaja racanA, usa para par3ane vAle Agantuka saMskAra aura cintya vastu kA svarUpa ityAdi ke sammelana se hI apekSA banatI hai| aisI apekSAe~ aneka hotI haiM, jinakA Azraya lekara vastukA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| vicAra ko sahArA dene ke kAraNa yA vicAra srota ke udgama kA AdhAra banane ke kAraNa ve hI apekSAe~ dRSTikoNa yA dRSTibindu bhI kahI jAtI hai / saMbhavita sabhI apekSAoM se-cAhe ve viruddha hI kyoM na dikhAI detI hoM-kiye jAne vAle ciMtana va darzanoM kA sAra samuccaya hI usa viSaya kA pUrNa-anekAnta darzana hai| pratyeka apekSAsaMbhavI darzana usa pUrNa darzana kA eka eka anna hai jo paraspara viruddha hokara bhI pUrNa darzana meM samanvaya pAne ke kAraNa vastutaH aviruddha hI hai| jaba kisI kI manovRtti vizvake antargata sabhI medoM ko-cAhe ve guNa dharma yA svarUpa kRta hoM yA vyaktitva kRta hoM-bhulA kara arthAt unakI ora jhuke binA hI eka mAtra akhaNDatA kA hI vicAra karatI hai, taba use akhaNDa yA eka hI vizva kA darzana hotA hai / ameda kI usa bhUmikA para se niSpanna hone vAlA 'sat' zabda ke eka mAtra akhaNDa artha kA darzana

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26 prastAvanA hI saMgrahanaya hai / guNadharma kRta yA vyaktitva kRta bhedoM kI ora jhukane vAlI manovRtti se kiyA jAne vAlA usI vizvakA darzana vyavahAranaya kahalAtA hai, kyoMki usameM lokasiddha vyavahAroM kI bhUmikA rUpa bhedoM kA khAsa sthAna hai| isa darzana meM 'sat' zabda ko artha maryAdA akhaNDita na raha kara aneka khaNDoM meM vibhAjita ho jAtI hai| vahI bhedagAminI manovRtti yA apekSA sirpha kAlakRta bhedoM kI ora jhuka kara sirpha vartamAna ko hI kAryakSama hone ke kAraNa jaba sat rUpa se dekhatI hai aura atIta anAgata ko 'sat' zabda kI artha maryAdA meM se haTA detI hai taba usake dvArA phalita hone vAlA vizva kA darzana RjusUtra naya hai| kyoMki vaha atIta-anAgata ke cakravyUha ko chor3a kara sirpha vartamAna kI sIdhI rekhA para calatA hai| uparyukta tInoM manovRttiyA~ aisI haiM jo zabda kA yA zabda ke guNa-dharmoM kA Azraya binA liye hI kisI bhI vastu kA ciMtana karatI haiM / ataeva ve tInoM prakAra ke ciMtana arthanaya haiN| para aisI bhI manovRtti hotI hai jo zabda ke guNa-dharmoM kA Azraya le kara hI artha kA vicAra karatI hai / ataeva aisI manovRtti se phalita artha ciMtana zabdanaya kahe jAte haiN| zAbdika loga hI. mukhyatA zabdanaya ke adhikArI haiN| kyoMki unhIM ke vividha dRSTi binduoM se zabdanaya meM vividhatA AI hai| jo zAbdika sabhI zabdoM ko akhaNDa arthAt avyutpanna mAnate haiM ve vyutpatti bheda se artha bheda na mAnane para bhI liMga, puruSa, kAla Adi anya prakAra ke zabda dharmoM ke bheda ke AdhAra para artha kA vaividhya batalAte haiN| unakA vaha artha-bheda kA darzana zabdanaya yA sAmpratanaya hai / pratyeka zabda ko vyutpatti siddha hI mAnane vAlI manovRtti se vicAra karane vAle zAbdika paryAya arthAt ekArthaka samajhe jAne vAle zabdoM ke artha meM bhI vyutpatti bheda se bheda batalAte haiN| unakA baha zakra, indra Adi jaise paryAya zabdoM ke arthabheda kA darzana samabhirUDhanaya kahalAtA hai| vyutpatti ke bheda se hI nahIM, balki eka hI vyutpatti se phalita hone vAle artha kI maujUdagI aura gaira-maujUdagI ke bheda ke kAraNa se bhI jo darzana arthameda mAnatA hai vaha evaMbhUtanaya kahalAtA hai| ina tArkika chaH nayoM ke alAvA eka naigama nAma kA naya bhI hai| jisa meM nigama arthAt deza rUr3hi ke anusAra abhedagAmI aura bhedagAmI saba prakAra ke vicAroM kA samAveza mAnA gayA hai| pradhAnatayA ye hI sAta naya haiN| para kisI eka aMzako arthAt dRSTikoNa ko avalaMbita karake pravRtta hone vAle saba prakAra ke vicAra usa usa apekSA ke sUcaka naya hI haiN| - zAstra meM dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika aise do naya bhI prasiddha haiM para ve naya uparyukta sAta nayoM se alaga nahIM haiM kintu unhIM kA saMkSipta vargIkaraNa yA bhUmikAmAtra haiN| dravya arthAt sAmAnya, anvaya, abheda yA ekatva ko viSaya karane vAlA vicAramArga dravyArthikanaya hai| naigama, saMgraha aura vyavahAra ye tInoM dravyArthika hI haiN| inameM se saMgraha to zuddha abheda kA vicAraka hone se zuddha yA mUla hI dravyArthika hai jaba ki vyavahAra aura negama kI pravRtti bhedagAmI hokara bhI kisI na kisI prakAra ke abheda ko bhI avalaMbita karake hI calatI hai|

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bhAratIya pramANazAstra meM pramANamImAMsA kA sthAna isaliye ve bhI dravyArthika hI mAne gae haiM / alabanA ve saMgraha kI taraha zuddha na hokara azuddhamizrita hI dravyArthika haiN| paryAya arthAt vizeSa, vyAvRtti yA bheda ko hI lakSya karake pravRtta hone vAlA vicArapatha paryAyArthika naya hai| RjusUtra Adi bAkI ke cAroM naya paryAyArthika hI mAne gaye haiN| abheda ko chor3akara mAtra bheda kA vicAra RjusUtra se zurU hotA hai isaliye usIko zAstra meM paryAyArthika naya kI prakRti yA mUla AdhAra kahA hai| pichale zabdAdi tIna naya usI mUla mRta paryAyArthika ke eka prakAra se vistAramAtra haiN| mAtra jJAna ko upayogI mAnakara usake Azraya se pravRtta vicAra dhArA jJAnanaya hai to mAtra kriyA ke Azraya se pravRtta vicAra dhArA kriyAnaya hai / nayarUpa AdhAra-stambhoM ke aparimita hone ke kAraNa vizva kA pUrNadarzana-anekAnta bhI nissIma hai| bhinna-bhinna apekSAoM, dRSTikoNoM yA manovRttiyoM se jo eka hI tattva ke nAnA darzana phalita hote haiM unhIMke AdhAra para bhagavAda kI sRSTi khar3I hotI hai| jina do darzanoM ke viSaya ThIka eka dusare ke bilakula virodhI par3ate hoM aise darzanoM kA samanvaya batalAne kI dRSTi se unake viSayabhUta bhAva-abhAvAtmaka donoM aMzoM ko lekara una para jo saMbhavita vAkyamA banAye jAte haiM vahI saptabhaGgI hai / saptabhaGgI kA AdhAra nayavAda hai / aura usakA dhyeya to samanvaya arthAt anekAnta koTi kA vyApaka darzana karAnA hai| jaise kisI bhI pramANa se jAne hue padArtha kA bodha dUsare ko karAne ke lie parArtha anumAna arthAt anumAna vAkya kI racanA kI jAtI hai| vaise hI viruddha aMzoM kA samanvaya zrotA ko samajhAne kI dRSTi se bhaja-vAkya kI racanA bhI kI jAtI hai| isa taraha nayavAda aura bhagavAda anekAntahaSTi ke kSetra meM Apa hI Apa phalita ho jAte haiN| yaha ThIka hai ki vaidika paraMparA ke nyAya, vedAnta Adi darzanoM meM tathA bauddha darzana meM kisI eka vastu kA vividha dRSTioM se nirUpaNa kI paddhati tathA aneka pakSoMke samanvaya kI dRSTi' bhI dekhI jAtI hai phira bhI pratyeka vastu aura usake pratyeka pahalU para saMbhavita samagra dRSTibinduoM se vicAra karane kA Atyantika Agraha tathA una samagra dRSTibinduoM ke eka mAtra samanvaya meM hI vicAra kI paripUrNatA mAnane kA dRDha Agraha jaina paraMparA ke sivAya anyatra kahIM dekhA nahIM jAtA / isI Agraha meM se jaina tArkikoM ne anekAnta, naya aura saptamajI vAda kA bilakula svatantra aura vyavasthita zAstra nirmANa kiyA jo pramANa zAstra kA eka bhAga hI bana gayA aura jisakI jor3a kA aisA choTA bhI grantha itara paraMparAoM meM nahIM banA / vibhajyavAda aura madhyama mArga hote hue bhI bauddha paraMparA kisI bhI vastu meM vAstavika sthAyI aMza dekha na sakI use mAtra kSaNabhaMga hI najara aayaa| anekAnta zabdai se hI anekAnta 1 udAharaNArtha dekho sAMkhyapravacanabhASya pR. 2 / siddhAntabindu pR0 119 se| vedAntasAra pR0 25 / tarkasaMgrahadIpikA pR0 175 / mahAvagga 6.31 / 2 dekho, TippaNa' pR. 61se 3 nyAyabhASya 2.1.18

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prastAvanA dRSTi kA Azraya karane para bhI naiyAyika paramANu, AtmA Adi ko sarvathA apariNAmI hI mAnane manavAne kI dhuna se baca na sake / vyAvahArika-pAramArthika Adi aneka dRSTioM kA avalambana karate hue bhI vedAntI anya saba dRSTioM ko brahmadRSTi se kama daraje kI yA bilakula hI asatya mAnane manavAne se baca na ske| isakA eka mAtra kAraNa yahI jAna par3atA hai ki una darzanoM meM vyApakarUpa se anekAnta bhAvanA kA sthAna na rahA jaisA ki jainadarzana meM rahA / isI kAraNa se jainadarzana saba dRSTioM kA samanvaya bhI karatA hai aura sabhI dRSTioM ko apane apane viSaya meM tulya bala va yathArtha mAnatA hai| bheda-abheda, sAmAnya-vizeSa, nityatva. anityatva Adi tatvajJAna ke prAcIna muddoM para hI sImita rahane ke kAraNa vaha anekAnta dRSThi aura tanmUlaka anekAnta vyavasthApaka zAstra punarukta, carvitacarvaNa yA navInatA zunya jAna par3ane kA ApAtataH saMbhava hai phira bhI usa dRSTi aura usa zAstra nirmANa ke pIche jo akhaNDa aura sajIva sarvAMza satya ko apanAne kI bhAvanA jaina paraMparA meM rahI aura jo pramANa zAstra meM avatIrNa huI usakA jIvanake samagra kSetroM meM saphala upayoga hone kI pUrNa yogyatA hone ke kAraNa hI use pramANazAstra ko jainAcAryoM kI dena kahanA anupayukta nhiiN| .. tasvacintana meM anekAnta dRSTi kA vyApaka upayoga karake jainatArkikoM ne apane Agamika prameyoM tathA sarvasAdhAraNa nyAya ke prameyoM meM se jo jo mantavya tArkika dRSTi se sthira kiye aura pramANa zAstra meM jinakA nirUpaNa kiyA unameM se thor3e aise mantavyoM kA bhI nirdeza udAharaNa ke taura para yahAM kara denA jarUrI hai, jo eka mAtra jaina tArkikoM kI vizeSatA darasAne vAle haiM-pramANavibhAga, pratyakSa kA tAttvikatva, indriyajJAna kA vyApAra krama, parokSa ke prakAra, hetu kA rUpa, avayavoM kI prAyogika vyavasthA, kathA kA svarUpa, nigrahasthAna yA jaya. parAjaya vyavasthA, prameya aura pramAtA kA svarUpa, sarvajJatvasamarthana aadi| 2. pramANavibhAga-jaina paraMparA kA pramANa viSayaka mukhya vibhAga do dRSTioM se anya paraMparAoM kI apekSA vizeSa mahattva rakhatA hai| eka to yaha ki aise sarvAnubhavasiddha vailakSaNya para mukhya vibhAga avalaMbita hai jisase eka vibhAga meM Ane vAle pramANa dUsare vibhAga se asaM. kIrNa rUpa meM alaga ho jAte haiM jaisA ki itara paraMparAoM ke pramANa vibhAga meM nahIM ho paataa| dusarI haSTi yaha hai ki cAhe kisI darzana kI nyUna yA adhika pramANa saMkhyA kyoM na ho para vaha saba binA khIMcatAna ke isa vibhAga meM samA jAtI hai| koI bhI jJAna yA to sIdhe taura se sAkSAskArAtmaka ho sakatA hai yA asAkSAtkArAtmaka, yahI prAkRta-paMDitajana sAdhAraNa anubhava hai / isI anubhava ko sAmane rakhakara jaina cintakoM ne pramANa ke pratyakSa aura parokSa aise do mukhya vibhAga kiye jo eka dUsare se bilakula vilakSaNa haiN| dUsarI isakI khUbI yaha hai ki isameM na to cArvAka kI taraha parokSAnubhava kA apalApa hai, na bauddhadarzana saMmata pratyakSa-anumAna dvai. vidhya kI taraha Agama Adi itara pramANa vyApAroM kA apalApa hai yA khIMcAtAnI se anumAna meM samAveza karanA par3atA hai, aura na trividha pramANavAdI sAMkhya tathA prAcIna vaizeSika, . pramANamImAMsA 1. 1. 10 tathA TippaNa pR0 19. paM0 29

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bhAratIya pramANazAstra meM pramANamImAMsA kA sthAna 39 caturvidha pramANavAdI naiyAyika, paMcavidha pramANavAdI prabhAkara SaDvidha pramANavAdI mImAMsaka, saptavidha yA aSTavidha pramANavAdI paurANika Adi kI taraha apanI apanI abhimata pramANa saMkhyA ko sthira banAye rakhane ke lie itara saMkhyA kA apalApa yA use tor3a maror3a karake apane meM samAveza karanA par3atA hai / cAhe jitane pramANa mAna lo para ve sIdhe taura para yA to pratyakSa hoMge yA parokSa / isI sAdI kintu upayogI samajha para jainoM kA mukhya pramANa vibhAga kAyama huA jAna par3atA hai / 1 3. pratyakSa kA tAtrikatva - pratyeka cintaka indriyajanya jJAna ko pratyakSa mAnatA hai / jainadRSTi kA kahanA hai ki dUsare kisI bhI jJAna se pratyakSa kA hI sthAna U~cA va prAthamika hai / indriyA~ jo parimita pradeza meM atisthUla vastuoM se Age jA nahIM sakatIM, unase paidA honevAle jJAna ko parokSa se U~cA sthAna denA indriyoM kA ati mUlya A~kane ke barAbara hai / indriyA~ kitanI hI paTu kyoM na hoM para ve antataH haiM to paratantra hI / ataeva paratantra janita jJAna ko sarvazreSTha pratyakSa mAnane kI apekSA svatantrajanita jJAna ko hI pratyakSa mAnanA nyAyasaMgata hai / isI vicAra se jaina cintakoM ne usI jJAna ko vastutaH pratyakSa mAnA hai jo svatantra AtmA ke Azrita hai / yaha jaina vicAra tattvacintana meM maulika hai / aisA hote hue bhI lokasiddha pratyakSa ko sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kahakara unhoMne anekAnta dRSTi kA upayoga kara diyA hai| meM 4. indriyajJAna kA vyApara krama - saba darzanoM meM eka yA dUsare rUpa thor3e yA bahuta parimANa meM jJAna vyApAra kA krama dekhA jAtA hai / isameM aindriyaka jJAna ke vyApAra krama kA bhI sthAna hai| paraMtu jaina paraMparA meM sannipAtarUpa prAthamika indriya vyApAra se lekara aMtima indriya vyApAra taka kA jisa vizleSaNa aura jisa spaSTatA ke sAtha anubhava siddha ativistRta varNana hai vaisA dUsare darzanoM meM nahIM dekhA jaataa| yaha jaina varNana hai to atipurAnA aura vijJAnayuga ke pahile kA, phira bhI Adhunika mAnasa zAstra tathA indriyavyApAra zAstra ke vaijJAnika abhyAsiyoM ke vAste yaha bahuta mahattva kA hai " / 5. parokSa ke prakAra - kevala smRti, pratyabhijJAna aura Agama ke hI prAmANya- aprAmANya mAnane meM matabhedoM kA jaMgala na thA; balki anumAna taka ke prAmANya- aprAmANya meM vipratipatti rahI / jaina tArkikoM ne dekhA ki pratyeka pakSakAra apane pakSa ko Atyantika khIMcane meM dUsare pakSakAra kA satya dekha nahIM pAtA / isa vicAra meM se unhoMne una saba prakAra ke jJAnoM ko pramANakoTi meM dAkhila kiyA jinake bala para vAstavika vyavahAra calatA hai aura jinameM se kisI eka kA apalApa karane para tulya yukti se dUsare kA apalApa karanA anivArya ho jAtA hai / aise sabhI pramANa prakAroM ko unhoMne parokSa meM DAlakara apanI samanvayadRSTi kA paricaya karAyA / - 1 TippaNa pR0 19 paM0 29 tathA pR0 23 paM0 24 / 2 TippaNa pR0 45 paM0 16 / 3 pramANamImAMsA 1 2 2 / TippaNa pR0 72 paM0 21 / 075 paM0 3 / 0 76 0 25 1

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30 prastAvanA 6. hetu kA rUpa - hetu ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM matabhedoM ke aneka akhAr3e kAyama ho gaye the / isa yuga meM jaina tArkikoM ne yaha socA ki kyA hetu kA eka hI rUpa aisA mila sakatA hai yA nahIM, jisa para saba matabhedoM kA samanvaya bhI ho sake aura jo vAstavika bhI ho| isa cintana meM se unhoMne hetu kA eka mAtra anyathAnupapatti rUpa nizcita kiyA jo usakA nirdoSa lakSaNa bhI ho sake aura saba matoM ke samanvaya ke sAtha jo sarvamAnya bhI ho / jahA~ taka dekhA gayA hai| hetu ke aise ekamAtra tAttvika rUpa ke nizcita karane kA tathA usake dvArA tIna, cAra, pA~ca aura chaH, pUrvaprasiddha hetu rUpoM ke yathAsaMbhava svIkAra kA zreya jaina tArkikoM ko hI hai ? / 7. avayavoM kI prAyogika vyavasthA - parArthAnumAna ke avayavoM kI saMkhyA ke viSaya meM bhI pratidvandvIbhAva pramANa kSetra meM kAyama ho gayA thaa| jaina tArkikoM ne usa viSaya ke pakSabheda yathArthatA - yathArthatA kA nirNaya zrotA kI yogyatA ke AdhAra para hI kiyA, jo vastutaH saccI kasauTI ho sakatI hai / isa kasauTI meM se unheM avayava prayoga kI vyavasthA ThIka 2 sUjha AI jo vastutaH anekAntadRSTi mUlaka hokara sarvasaMgrAhiNI hai aura vaisI spaSTa anya paraMparAoM meM - zAyada hI dekhI jAtI hai / 3 8. kathA kA svarUpa - AdhyAtmikatA mizrita tattvaciMtana meM bhI sAmpradAyika buddhi dAkhila hote hI usameM se AdhyAtmikatA ke sAtha asaMgata aisI carcAe~ joroM se calane lagIM, jinake phala svarUpa jalpa aura vitaMDA kathA kA calAnA bhI pratiSThita samajhA jAne lagA, jo chala, jAti Adi ke asatya dAva pecoM para hI nirbhara thaa| jaina tArkika sAmpradAyikatA se mukta to na the, phira bhI unakI paramparAgata ahiMsA va vItarAgatva kI prakRti ne unheM vaha asaMgati sujhAI jisase prerita ho kara unhoMne apane tarkazAstra meM kathA kA eka vAdAtmaka rUpa hI sthira kiyA; jisameM chala Adi kisI bhI cAla bAjI kA prayoga varjya hai aura jo ekamAtra tattvajijJAsA kI dRSTi se calAI jAtI hai| ahiMsA kI AtyaMtika samarthaka jaina paraMparA kI taraha bauddha paramparA bhI rahI, phira bhI chala Adi ke prayogoM meM hiMsA dekha kara nidya ThaharAne kA tathA eka mAtra vAdakathA ko hI pratiSThita banAne kA mArga jaina-tArkikoM ne prazasta kiyA / jisakI ora tasva-ciMtakoM kA lakSya jAnA jarUrI hai / 3 9. nigrahasthAna yA jaya-parAjaya vyavasthA - vaidika aura bauddha paramparA ke saMgharSa ne nigraha sthAna ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM vikAsa sUcaka bar3I hI bhArI pragati siddha kI thI; phira bhI usa kSetra meM jaina tArkikoM ne praveza karate hI eka aisI naI bAta sujhAI jo nyAyavikAsa ke samagra itihAsa meM bar3e mArke kI aura aba taka sabase aMtima hai / vaha bAta hai jaya-parAjaya vyavasthA kA nayA nirmANa karane kii| vaha nayA nirmANa satya aura ahiMsA donoM tatvoM para pratiSThita huA jo pahale kI jaya parAjaya vyavasthA meM na the / 4 1 TippaNa pR0 80 paM0 30 / 2 TippaNa pR0 94 paM0 14 / 3 TippaNa pR0 108. paM0 15 / pR0 115. paM0 28 / 4 TippaNa pR0 119 paM0 14 /

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bhAratIya pramANazAstra meM pramANamImAMsA kA sthAna 31 10. prameya aura pramAtA kA svarUpa-prameya jar3a ho yA cetana, para sabakA svarUpa jaina tArkikoM ne anekAnta-dRSTi kA upayoga karake hI sthApita kiyA aura sarva vyApaka rUpa se kaha diyA ki vastu-mAtra pariNAmI nitya hai| nityatA ke aikAntika Agraha kI dhuna meM anubhava-siddha anityatA kA inakAra karane kI azakyatA dekha kara kucha tattva-ciMtaka guNa, dharma mAdi meM anityatA ghaTA kara usakA jo mela- nitya-dravya ke sAtha khIMcAtAnI se biThA rahe the aura kucha tattvaciMtaka anityatA ke aikAntika Agraha kI dhuna meM anubhava siddha nityatA ko bhI jo kalpanA mAtra batalA rahe the una donoM meM jaina tArkikoM ne spaSTatayA anubhava kI AMzika asaMgati dekhI aura pUre vizvAsa ke sAtha bala-pUrvaka pratipAdana kara diyA ki jaba anubhava na kevala nityatA kA hai aura na kevala anityatA kA taba kisI eka aMza ko mAna kara dUsare aMza kA balAt mela baiThAne kI apekSA donoM aMzoM ko tulya satya-rUpa meM svIkAra karanA hI nyAya-saMgata hai| isa pratipAdana meM dikhAI dene vAle virodha kA parihAra unhoMne dravya aura paryAya yA sAmAnya aura vizeSa prAhiNI do dRSTiyoM ke spaSTa pRthakkaraNaM se kara diyaa| dravya-paryAya kI vyApaka dRSTi kA yaha vikAsa jaina-paramparA kI hI dena hai / jIvAtmA, paramAtmA aura Izvara ke saMbandha meM sadguNa-vikAsa yA AcaraNa-sAphalya kI dRSTi se asaMgata aisI aneka kalpanAe~ tattva-ciMtana ke pradeza meM pracalita thiiN| ekamAtra paramAtmA hI hai yA usase bhinna aneka jIvAtmA cetana bhI haiM, para tattvataH ve sabhI kUTastha nirvikAra aura nilepa hI haiM / jo kucha doSa yA bandhana hai vaha yA to nirA bhrAnti mAtra hai yA jar3a prakRti gata hai / isa matalaba kA tatva-ciMtana eka ora thA dUsarI ora aisA bhI ciMtana thA jo kahatA ki caitanya to hai, usameM doSa, vAsanA Adi kA lagAva tathA usase alaga hone kI yogyatA bhI hai para usa caitanya kI pravAha-baddha dhArA meM koI sthira tatva nahIM hai| ina donoM prakAra ke tattva-ciMtanoM meM sadguNa-vikAsa aura sadAcAra-sAphalya kI saMgati saralatA se nahIM baiTha pAtI / vaiyaktika yA sAmUhika jIvana meM sadguNa vikAsa aura sadAcAra ke nirmANa ke sivAya aura kisI prakAra se sAmaMjasya jama nahIM sktaa| yaha soca kara jaina-ciMtakoM ne AtmA kA svarUpa aisA mAnA jisameM eka sI paramAtma zaki bhI rahe aura jisameM doSa, vAsanA Adi ke nivAraNa dvArA jIvana-zuddhi kI vAstavika javAbadehI bhI rahe / AtmaviSayaka jaina-ciMtana meM vAstavika paramAtma-zakti yA Izvara-bhAva kA tulya rUpa se sthAna hai, anubhava siddha Agantuka doSoM ke nivAraNArtha tathA sahaja-zuddhi ke AvirbhAvArtha prayatna kA pUrA avakAza hai| isI vyavahAra-siddha buddhi meM se jIvamedavAda tathA dehapramANavAda sthApita hue jo saMmilita rUpa se eka mAtra jaina paramparA meM hI haiN| 11. sarvajJatva samarthana-pramANa-zAstra meM jaina sarvajJa-vAda do dRSTiyoM se apanA khAsa sthAna rakhatA hai / eka to yaha ki vaha jIva-sarvajJa vAda hai jisameM hara koI adhikArI kI sarvajJatva 1 TippaNa pR0 53. paM0 6 / pR0 54. paM0 17 / pR0 57. paM0 21 / / 2 TippaNa pR. 70.50 8 / pR0 136. paM0 11 /

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prastAvanA pAne kI zakti mAnI gaI hai aura dUsarI dRSTi yaha hai ki jainapakSa nirapavAda rUpa se sarvajJavAdI hI rahA hai jaisA ki na cauddha paramparA meM huA hai aura na vaidika paramparA meM / isa kAraNa se kAlpanika, akAlpanika, mizrita yAvat sarvajJatva samarthaka yuktiyoM kA saMgraha akele jaina pramANazAstra meM hI mila jAtA hai / jo sarvajJatva ke sambandha meM hue bhUtakAlIna bauddhika vyAyAma ke aitihAsika abhyAsiyoM ke tathA sAmpradAyika bhAvanA vAloM ke kAma kI cIja hai'| 2. bhAratIya pramANazAstra meM hemacandra kA arpaNa paramparA prApta uparyukta tathA dUsare aneka choTe bar3e tattvajJAna ke muddoM para hemacandra ne aisA koI viziSTa ciMtana kiyA hai yA nahIM aura kiyA hai to kisa kisa mudde para kisa prakAra hai jo jaina tarka zAstra ke alAvA bhAratIya pramANa-zAstra mAtra ko unakI dena kahI jA sake / isakA javAba hama hiMdI TippaNoM meM usa usa sthAna para aitihAsika tathA tulanAsmaka dRSTi dvArA vistAra se de cuke haiN| jise duharAne kI koI jarUrata nahIM / vizeSa jijJAsu usa usa mudde ke TippaNoM ko dekha leveM / sukhlaal| granthakAra kA paricaya / bhAratavarSa ke itihAsa ko ujjvala karane vAle tejasvI AcAryamaNDala meM zrI hemacandrAcArya pratiSThita haiN| apanI janmabhUmi evaM kAryakSetra ke pradeza kI lokasmRti meM unakA nAma sarvadA alupta rahA hai| unake pIche ke saMskRta paNDitoM meM unake pranthoM kA Adara huA hai aura jisa sampradAya ko unhoMne maNDita kiyA thA usameM ve 'kalikAlasarvajJa' kI asAdhAraNa sammAnya upAdhi se vikhyAta hue haiN| niruktakAra yAskAcArya prasaMgavazAt AcArya zabda kA nirvacana karate hue kahate haiM ki 'AcArya kyoM ! AcArya AcAra grahaNa karavAtA hai, athavA AcArya arthoM kI vRddhi karatA hai yA budi bar3hAtA hai|'' bhASA zAstra kI dRSTise ye vyutpaciyA~ satya hoM yA na hoM, parantu AcArya ke tInoM dharmoM kA isameM samAveza hotA dikhAI detA hai| Aja kala kI paribhASA meM isa prakAra kaha sakate haiM ki AcArya ziSyavarga ko ziSTAcAra tathA sadvartana sikhAtA hai, vicAroM kI vRddhi karatA hai aura isa prakAra buddhi kI vRddhi karatA. hai; arthAt cAritra tathA buddhi kA jo vikAsa karAne meM samartha ho vaha AcArya / isa artha meM zrI hemacandra gujarAta ke eka pradhAna 1 TippaNa pR0 27. paM0 12 2 AcAryaH kasmAt ? AcArya AcAraM prAhayati, AcinotyarthAn , Acinoti buddhimiti vA-a0 1-4, pR0 62 (boM0 saM0 prA0 siiriij)|

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pranthakAra kA paricaya AcArya hue| yaha bAta unake jIvana kArya kA aura loka meM usake pariNAma kA itihAsa dekhane se spaSTa hotI hai| . jisa deza-kAla meM AcArya hemacandra kA jIvana kRtArtha huA vaha eka ora to unakI zaktioM kI pUrI kasauTI kare aisA thA aura dUsarI ora una zaktioM ko pragaTa hone meM pUrA avakAza dene vAlA thaa| 2 - yadi jinaprabhasUri ne 'purAvidoM ke mukha se sunI huI' paramparA satya ho to kaha sakate haiM ki vi0 saM0 502 (I0 sa0 446) meM lakkhArAma nAma se jo jananivAsa prakhyAta thA usa jagaha vi0 saM0 802 (I0 sa0 746) meM 'aNahilla gopAla' se parIkSita pradeza meM 'cAukkaDa vaMzake motI sama vaNarAya ne' 'pattaNa' basAyA / yaha pattana aNahillapurapATana ke nAma se itihAsa meM prasiddha huA / isa rAjadhAnI kA zAsana cAvaDAoM ne aura solaMkiyoM ne dhIre-dhIre phailAyA aura isake sAtha hI sAtha bhinnamAla ( athavA zrImAla), valabhI tathA girinagara kI nagarazrIoM kI yaha nagarazrI uttarAdhikAriNI huii| isa uttarAdhikAra meM samrADdhAniyoM-kAnyakubja, ujjayinI evaM pATaliputra ke bhI saMskAra the| isa abhyudaya kI parAkASThA jayasiMha siddharAja (vi0 saM0 1150-1199), aura kumArapAla ( vi0 saM0 1199-1229) ke samaya meM dikhAI dI aura paunI zatAbdi se adhika kAla (I0 sa0 1094-1173 ) taka sthira rahI / AcArya hemacandrakA AyuSkAla isa yuga meM thA; unheM isa saMskAra samRddhi kA lAbha prApta huA thaa| ve usa yuga se bane the aura unhoMne usa yuga ko banAyA ! jayasiMha siddharAja ke pitAmaha bhImadeva (prathama) (I0 sa0 1021-64 ) aura pitA karNadeva ke kAla meM (I0 sa0 1064-94 ) aNahillapurapATana deza-videza ke vikhyAta vidvAnoMke samAgama aura nivAsa kA sthAna bana gayA thA, aisA 'prabhAvakacarita' ke ullekhoM se mAlama hotA hai| bhImadeva kA sAndhi-vigrahika 'vipra DAmara', jisakA hemacandra dAmodara ke nAma se ullekha karate haiM, apanI buddhimattAke kAraNa prasiddha huA hogA aisA jAna par3atA hai| zaivAcArya jJAnadeva, purohita somezvara, surAcArya, madhyadeza ke brAhmaNa paNDita zrIdhara aura zrIpati ( jo Age jAkara jinezvara aura buddhisAgara ke nAma se jaina sAdhu rUpa meM 1 pR. 51. vividhatIrthakalpa; saMpAdakaH muni zrI jina vijayajIH siMghI jaina-granthamAlA / 2 dekho prabhAvakacarita ( nirNaya sAgara ) pRSTha 206-346 / 3 bhImadeva kI rAnI udayamatI kI vApikA-bAvar3I ke sAtha dAmodara ke kue~ kA lokoktimeM ullekha AtA hai| isa para se usane sundara zilpa ko uttejana diyA hogA aisA pratIta hotA hai 'rANakI vAva ne dAmodara kuvo jeNe na joyo te jIvatA muo' ( rAnI kI bAvar3I aura dAmodara kuA~ jisane na dekhA vaha jIte mUA ) dekho prabandha cintAmaNi pR0 30-34, siMghI jaina graMthamAlA aura 'dAmodara' ullekha ke lie vyAzraya 8.61 /

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prastAvanA prasiddha hueM ), jayarAzi bhaTTa ke 'tattvopaplava' kI 'yuktiyoM' ke bala se pATana kI sabhA meM vAda karane vAlA bhRgukaccha ( bhar3oMca ) kA kaulakavi dharma, tarkazAstra ke praur3ha adhyApaka jainAcArya zAntisUri jinakI pAThazAlA meM 'bauddha tarka meM se utpanna aura samajhane meM kaThina aise prameyoM' kI zikSA dI jAtI thI aura isa tarkazAlA ke samartha chAtra municandra sUri ityAdi paNDita prakhyAta the / 'karNasundarI nATikA' ke kartA kAzmIrI paNDita bilhaNa ne aura navAGgITIkAkAra abhayadevasUri ne karNadeva ke rAjya meM pATana ko suzobhita kiyA thaa| jayasiMha siddharAjake samayameM siMha nAmakA sAMkhyavAdI, jaina vIrAcArya, 'pramANanayatatvAloka' aura TIkA 'syAdvAdaratnAkara' ke racayitA prasiddha tArkika vAdidevasUri ityAdi prakhyAta the| 'mudritakumudacandra' nAmaka prakaraNa meM jayasiMha kI vidvatsabhA kA varNana AtA hai| usameM tarka, bhArata aura parAzara ke mahaSi sama maharSikA, zAradAdeza ( kAzmIra ) meM jinakI vidyA kA ujjvala mahotsava suvikhyAta thA aise utsAha paNDita kA, adbhuta matirUpI lakSmI ke lie sAgarasama sAgara paNDita kA aura pramANazAstra ke mahArNava ke pAraMgata rAma kA uralekha AtA hai ( aMka 5, pR0 45) / vaDanagara kI prazasti ke racayitA prajJAcakSu, prAgvATa ( poravADa ) kavi zrIpAla aura 'mahAvidvAn' evaM 'mahAmati' Adi, vizeSaNayukta bhAgavata devabodha paraspara spardhA karate huye bhI jayasiMha ke mAnya the| vArANasI ke bhAva bRhaspati ne bhI pATana meM Akara zaivadharma ke uddhAra ke lie jayasiMha ko samajhAyA thaa| isI bhAva bRhaspati ko kumArapAla ne somanAtha pATana kA gaNDa ( rakSaka ) bhI banAyA thaa| inake atirikta maladhArI hemacandra, 'gaNaratna-mahodadhi' ke kartA vardhamAnasari, 'vAgbhaTTAlaMkAra' ke kartA vAgmaTTa Adi vidvAn pATana meM prasiddha the| ___isa para se aisI kalpanA hotI hai ki jisa paNDita maNDala meM A0 hemacandra ne prasiddhi prApta kI vaha sAdhAraNa na thaa| usa yuga meM vidyA tathA kalA ko jo uttejana milatA thA usase hemacandra ko vidvAn hone ke sAdhana sulabha hue hoMge, para unameM agrasara hone ke lie asAdhAraNa buddhi kauzala dikhAnA par3A hogaa| zrI jinavijaya jI ne kahA hai usake anusAra bhArata ke koI bhI prAcIna aitihAsika puruSa viSayaka jitanI aitihya sAmagrI upalabdha hotI hai usakI tulanA meM A0 hemacandra viSayaka labhya sAmagrI vipula kahI jA sakatI hai| phira bhI AcArya ke jIvana kA surekha citra citrita karane ke lie vaha sarvathA apUrNa hai| 1 buddhisAgara kRta 7000 zloka pramANa saMskRta vyAkaraNa jAbAlipura (jAlora, mAravAr3a ) meM vi0 saM0 1180 (I. sa. 1124 ) meM pUrNa huA thaa| jinezvara ne tarka Upara graMtha likhA thaa| dekho purAtattva pustaka 2, pR0 83-84; kAvyAnuzAsana prastAvanA pR. 144-45 / 2 dekho kAvyAnuzAsana prastAvanA pR. 242-62 / 3 dekho, zilpakalA ke lie-'kumArapAlavihArazataka'-hemacandra ke ziSya rAmacandra kRta, jisameM kumArapAla vihAra nAmaka maMdira kA varNana hai|

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pranthakAra kA paricaya DA0 byuruhara ne I0 sa0 1889 meM vienA meM A0 hemacandra ke jIvana Upara gaveSaNApUrvaka eka nivandha pragaTa kiyA thA; usameM unhoMne A0 hemacandra ke apane grantha 'vyAzrayakAvya' 'siddhahema kI prazasti' aura 'triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita' meM se 'mahAvIra carita' ke atirikta prabhAcandra sUri kRta 'prabhAvaka carita' ( vi0 saM0 1334-I0 sa0 1278), merutuGgakRta 'prabandha cintAmaNi' (vi0 saM0 1361-I0 sa0 1305), rAjazekharakRta 'prabandhakoza' aura jinamaNDana upAdhyAya kRta 'kumArapAla prabandha' kA sAdhana ke rUpa meM upayoga kiyA thaa| aba hameM inake alAvA. somaprabhasUri kRta 'kumArapAla pratibodha' aura 'zatArtha kAvya', yazaHpAlakRta "moharAjaparAjaya" (vi0 saM0 1229-32), aura ajJAtakartRka "purAtana prabandhasaMgraha" upalabdha haiN| inameM se somaprabhasUri tathA yazaHpAla A0 hemacandra ke laghuvayaska samakAlIna the| isa sAmagrI meM se "kumArapAla pratibodha" ( vi0 saM0 1241 ) ko AcArya kI jIvana kathA ke lie mukhya AdhAra grantha mAnanA cAhie aura dusare granthoM ko pUraka mAnanA cAhie / somaprabhasUrike kathanAnusAra unake pAsa jJeya-sAmagrI khUba thI, para usa sAmagrI meM se unhoMne apane rasa ke viSaya ke anusAra hI upayoga kiyA hai| isalie hama jise jAnanA jAheM aisA bahuta sA vRttAnta gUr3ha hI rahatA hai / ___ 'prabhAvakacarita' ke anusAra AcArya kI janmatithi vi0 saM0 1145 kI kArtika pUrNimA hai| isake bAda ke anya sabhI grantha yahI tithi dete haiM isalie isa tithi kA svIkAra karane meM koI ar3acana nahIM hai| laghuvayaska samakAlIna somaprabhasUri ko AcArya ke jIvana kI kisI bhI ghaTanA kI tithi dene kI AvazyakatA pratIta nahIM huii| .. ___ modakula', pitA 'cacca' ( athavA cAciga ), mAtA 'cAhiNI' ( athavA pAhiNI ), vAsasthAna dhaMdhukya' (dhandhukA )-ye bAteM bhI nirvivAda haiN| janma dhandhukA meM hI huA hogA yA anyatra isa bAre meM somaprabhasUri kA spaSTa kathana nahIM hai| . __ bAlaka kA nAma 'caGgadeva' thA / vaha jisa samaya mAtA ke garbha meM thA usa samaya mAtA ne jo Azcaryajanaka svapna dekhe the unakA varNana somaprabhasUri karate haiN| AcArya ke avasAna ke bAda bArahaveM varSa meM pUrNa hue grantha meM isa prakAra jo camatkArI puruSa gine jAne lage yaha samakAlIna puruSoM meM unakI jIvana-mahimA kA sUcaka hai| somaprabhasUri kI kathA ke anusAraH "pUrNatallagaccha ke devacandrasUri vihAra karate hue dhaMdhukA Ate haiM; vahA~ eka dina dezanA pUrI hone para eka 'vaNikkumAra' hAtha jor3akara AcArya se prArthanA karatA hai 1 'kumArapAla pratibodha' pR. 3 zloka 30-31 / 2 dekho pR. 347 zloka 848 / 3 dekho 'kumArapAla pratibodha' (vi0 saM0 1241) pR0 478 /

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36 prastAvanA 'sucAritrarUpI jalayAna dvArA isa saMsAra samudra se pAra lgaaie|' bAlaka kA mAmA nemi guru se paricaya karavAtA hai| "devacandrasUri kahate haiM ki-'isa bAlaka ko prApta kara hama ise niHzeSa zAstra paramArtha meM avagAhana karAveMge; pazcAt yaha isa loka meM tIrthakkara jaisA upakAraka hogaa| isalie isake pitA cacca se kaho ki isa cakradeva ko vrata-grahaNa ke lie AjJA de / ' ___"bahuta kahane sunane para bhI pitA atisneha ke kAraNa AjJA nahIM detA; parantu putra 'saMyama grahaNa karane ke lie dRr3hamanA hai / mAmA kI anumati se vaha cala par3atA hai aura guru ke sAtha 'khambhatittha' (khambhAta ) pahu~catA hai / " ___ somaprabhasUri ke kathana se itanA to spaSTa hai ki pitA kI anumati nahIM thI; mAtA kA abhiprAya kyA hogA isa viSaya meM vaha mauna hai| mAmA kI anumati se caMgadeva ghara chor3akara cala detA hai| somaprabhasUri ke kathana kA tAtparya aisA bhI hai ki bAlaka caMgadeva svayaM hI dIkSA ke lie dRr3ha thaa| pA~ca yA ATha varSa ke bAlaka ke lie aisI dRr3hatA manovijJAna kI dRSTi se kahA~ taka sambhava hai isa zaMkA kA jisa taraha nirAkaraNa ho usI taraha se isa viSaya kA aitihAsika dRSTi se nirAkaraNa ho sakatA hai / sambhava hai, kevala sAhitya kI chaTA lAne ke lie bhI isa prakAra somaprabhasUri ne isa prasaMga kA varNana kiyA ho| ' caMgadeva kA zramaNa sampradAya meM kaba praveza huA isa viSaya meM matabheda hai| 'prabhAvaka carita' ke anusAra vi0 saM0 1150 ( I0 sa0 1094 ) arthAt pA~ca varSa kI Ayu meM huaa| jinamaNDanakRta 'kumArapAla prabandha' vi0 saM0 1154 ( I0 saM0 1098 ) kA varSa batalAtA hai jaba ki prabandha-cintAmaNi, purAtana-prabandha-saMgraha aura prabandhakoza ATha varSa kI Ayu batalAte haiN| dIkSA viSayaka jainazAstroM kA abhiprAya dekheM to ATha varSa se pUrva dIkSA sambhava nahIM hotii| isalie caMgadeva ne sAdhu kA veza ATha varSa kI avasthA meM vi0 saM0 1154 (I0 sa0 1098) meM grahaNa kiyA hogA, aisA mAnanA adhika yuktiyukta hai|' ___ somaprobhasUri ke kathanAnusAraH-"usa 'somamuha'-saumyamukha kA nAma somacandra rakhA gyaa| thor3A samaya jinAgama kathita tapa karake vaha gaMbhIra zrutasAgara ke bhI pAra pahu~cA / 'duHSama samaya meM jisakA sambhava nahIM hai aisA guNaughavAlA' yaha hai aisA manameM vicAra kara zrIdevacandrasUri ne use gaNadhara pada para sthApita kiyaa| hema jaisI deha kI kAnti thI aura candra 1 dekho 'kumArapAla pratibodha' pR. 21 / 2 dekho prabhAvakacarita pR0 347 zloka 848 / 3 dekho kAvyAnuzAsana prastAvanA pR0 267-8 / prabhAvakacarita meM vi0 saM0 1150 (I0 sa01094) kA varSa kaise AyA yaha vicAraNIya prazna hai| merA anumAna aisA hai ki dhaMdhukA meM devacandrasUri kI dRSTi caMgadeva para usa varSa meM jamI hogI; prabandhacintAmaNi ke anusAra caMgadeva devacandrari ke sAtha prathama karNAvatI AyA; vahA~ udayana maMtrI ke putroM ke sAtha usakA pAlana huA aura anta meM cacca (prabandha cintAmaNi ke anusAra cAciga) ke hAthoM hI dIkSA mahotsava khambhAta meM huaa| usa samaya caMgadeva kI Ayu ATha varSa kI huI hogii| cacca kI sammati prApta karane meM tIna barSa gae hoM aisA merA anumAna hai|

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pranthakAra kA paricaya kI taraha logoM ko Ananda denevAlA thA, isalie vaha hemacandra ke nAma se prasiddha huaa| samagra loka ke upakArArtha vividha dezoM meM vaha vihAra karatA thA ataH zrIdevacandrasUri ne use kahA-'gurjara deza chor3akara anya dezoM meM vihAra mata kara / jahA~ tU rahA hai vahIM mahAn paropakAra kregaa|' vaha guru ke vacana se dezAntara meM vihAra karanA chor3akara yahIM ( gurjaradezapATana meM ) bhavyajanoM ko jAgarita karatA rahatA hai|" ___ isa varNana meM se eka bAta vizeSa ullekhanIya hai / AcArya hemacandra gurjara deza meM aura pATana meM sthira hue usase pahale unhoMne bhAratavarSa ke itara bhAgoM meM vihAra kiyA hogA aura guru devacandra kI AjJA se unakA vihAra gurjara deza meM hI maryAdita huaa| somaprabhasUri kA varNana sAmAnya rUpa kA hai| AcArya kA jIvana-vRttAnta jAnanevAloM ke sAmane kahA ho aisA hai| ataeva hamAre lie pIche ke grantha aura prabandha taphasIla ke lie AdhAra rUpa haiN| caMgadeva ke kuTumba kA dharma kaunasA hogA ? / somaprabhasUri pitA ke lie itanA hI kahate haiM ki 'kayadevagurujaNacco cacco ( deva aura gurujana kI arcA karanevAlA cacca ) / ' aura ve mAtA cAhiNI ke kevala zIla kA hI varNana karate haiN| mAmA nemi devacandrasUri kA upadeza sunane ke lie AyA hai isa para se vaha jainadharmAnurAgI jAna par3atA hai| ke pIche ke grantha cacca ko mithyAtvI kahate haiN| isa para se vaha jaina to nahIM hogA aisA vizvAsa hotA hai / prabandha cintAmaNi ke ullekha ke anusAra paise kI lAlaca dI jAne para vaha use 'zivanirmAlya' vat samajhatA hai; ataeva vaha mAhezvarI ( Ajakala kA mezrI ) hogA / cAhinI jainadharmAnurAgI ho aisA sambhava hai; pIche se vaha jaina-dIkSA letI hai aisA prabandhoM meM ullekha hai| somacandra ko ikkIsa varSa kI Ayu meM vi0 saM0 1166 (I0 sa0 1110) meM sUripada milA / isa saMvatsara ke viSaya meM matabheda nahIM hai / isa samaya se vaha hemacandra ke nAma se khyAta huA / kumArapAla pratibodha ke anusAra sUripada kA mahotsava nAgapura ( nAgora-mAravAr3a ) meM huaa| isa prasaMga para kharca karanevAle vahIM ke eka vyApArI dhanada kA nAma batalAyA gayA hai / ____ itanI aspAyu meM itane mahattva kA sthAna hemacandra ko diyA gayA yaha samakAlInoM para par3e hue unake prabhAva kA pratIka hai| jayasiMha siddharAja ko bhI 'purAtanaprabandhasaMgraha' ke 1dekho kumArapAla pratibodha pR0 22. 2 dekho prabandhacintAmaNi pR. 83. 3 isa samaya mezrI baniye prAyaH vaiSNava hote haiM / 4 eka hI kuTumba meM bhinna bhinna dharmAnurAga hone ke aneka dRSTAnta bhArata ke itihAsa meM prasiddha haiM aura do dazaka pUrva gujarAta meM aneka vaizya kuTumba aise the jinameM aisI sthiti vidyamAna thii| dekho kAvyAnuzAsana prastAvakA pR0 259 /

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38 prastAvanA anusAra ATha varSa kI Ayu meM rAjyAdhikAra prApta huA thA aura usane bhI alpAyu meM solaMkiyoM ke rAjya kI pratiSThA sthApita kI thI / jisakI vidyA prApti itanI asAdhAraNa thI usane vidyAbhyAsa kisase, kahA~ aura kaise kiyA yaha kutUhala svAbhAvika hai / parantu isa viSaya meM hameM Avazyaka jJAtavya sAmagrI labdha nahIM hai / unake dIkSAguru devacandrasUri svayaM vidvAn the aura 'sthAnAmasUtra' para unakI TIkA prasiddha hai / 'triSaSTizalAkA puruSacarita' meM hemacandra kahate haiM ki- " tatprasAdAdadhigatajJAnasampanmahodayaH " - arthAt guru devacandra ke prasAda se jJAna sampatti kA mahodaya unhe prApta huA thA / parantu dIkSAguru devacandra vidyAguru hoMge ki nahIM aura hoMge to kahAM taka, isa prazna kA uttara nahIM milatA / 'prabhAvaka carita' ke anusAra somacandra ko ( AcArya hone se pUrva ) tarka, lakSaNa aura sAhitya ke Upara zIghratA se prabhutva prApta huA thA; aura ' zatasahasrapada' kI dhAraNa zakti se use santoSa na huA isalie 'kAzmIradezavAsinI' kI ArAdhanA karane ke lie kAzmIra jAne kI anumati guru se mAMgI para usa 'kAzmIra dezavAsinI brAhmI' ke lie unheM kAzmIra jAnA na par3A; kintu kAzmIra ke lie prayANa karate hI khambhAta se bAhara zrIvata vihAra meM usa brAhmI kA unheM sAkSAtkAra huA aura isa taraha svayaM 'siddhasArasvata' hue / ' 'prabhAvaka carita' ke isa kathana se aitihAsika tAtparya kyA nikAlanA yaha vicAraNIya hai / mujhe aisA pratIta hotA hai ki somacandra bhale kAzmIra na gaye hoM to bhI unhoMne kAzmIrI paNDitoM se adhyayana kiyA hogA / kAzmIrI paNDita gujarAta meM Ate jAte the yaha virahaNa ke Agamana se sUcita hotA hai / 'mudrita kumudacandra' nATaka ke anusAra jayasiMha kI sabhA meM utsAha nAmaka kAzmIrI paNDita thA / hemacandra ko vyAkaraNa likhane se pUrva vyAkaraNa pranthoM kI AvazyakatA par3I thI jinheM lene ke lie utsAha paNDita kAzmIra deza meM gayA thA aura vahA~ se ATha vyAkaraNa lekara AyA thA / jaba 'siddhahema' pUrA huA taba unhoMne use zAradA deza meM bhejA thaa| isake atirikta kAvyAnuzAsana meM hemacandra jisa bahumAna se AcArya abhinava 1 prabandhoM ke anusAra jayasiMha vi0 saM0 1150 ( I0 sa0 1094 ) meM siMhAsanArUDha huA / usa samaya yadi usakI Ayu ATha varSa kI mAna leM to usakA jamma vi0 saM0 1142 meM aura isa taraha hemacandra se Ayu meM jayasiMha ko tIna varSa bar3A samajhanA cAhie / 'prabandhacintAmaNi' usakI Ayu tIna varSa kI jabaki 'purAtana prabandhasaMgraha' ATha varSa kI batAtA hai jo ki hemacandra ke 'dvayAzraya' meM kathita 'stambe karitrIhi' ke sAtha ThIka baiThatA hai ( kAvyAnuzAsana prastAvanA pR0 165 ) / kumArapAla kA janma yadi vi0 saM0 1149 ( I0 sa0 1093 ) meM svIkAra kareM to hemacandra kumArapAla se cAra varSa bar3e hue dekho kAvyAnuzAsana prastAvanA pR0 201 aura pR0 271 / pramANanayatatvAloka aura syAdvAdaralAkara ke kartA mahAn jaina tArkika vAdidevasUri se Ayu meM hemacandra do varSa choTe the; parantu hemacandra AcArya kI dRSTi se ATha varSa bar3e the| saMbhava hai, digambarAcArya kumudacandra ke sAtha vAdayuddha ke samaya devasUri kI khyAti adhika ho-dekho kAvyAnuzAsana prastAvanA pR0 270, phuTanoTa / 2 dekho prabhAvakacarita pR0 298-99 /

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granthakAra kA paricaya gupta kA ullekha karate haiM vaha bhI unakA kAzmIrI paNDitoM ke sAtha gAda vidyA paricaya sUcita karatA hai / vi0 saM0 1166 ( I0 sa0 1110 ) meM ikkIsa varSa kI Ayu meM somacandra hemacandrasUri hue yaha yuvAvasthA meM prApta asAdhAraNa pANDitya kA prabhAva hogA / tarka, lakSaNa aura sAhitya ye usa yuga kI mahAvidyAe~ thIM aura isa trayI kA pANDitya rAjadarabAra aura janasamAja meM agragaNya hone ke lie Avazyaka thaa| ina tInoM meM hemacandra ko ananya sAdhAraNa pANDitya thA yaha unake usa usa viSaya ke granthoM para se spaSTa dikhAI detA hai / ___AcArya hone ke bAda aura pahale hemacandra ne kahA~ kahA~ vihAra kiyA hogA ise vyore se jAnane ke lie hamAre pAsa koI sAdhana nahIM hai| AcArya hone se pUrva gujarAta ke bAhara khUba ghUme hoMge yaha sambhava hai; parantu, Upara jaisA kahA hai, gurukI AjJA se gurjara deza meM hI apanA kSetra maryAdita karane ke lie bAdhya hue| hemacandra aNahillapura pATana meM sabase pahale kisa varSa meM Ae, jayasiMha ke sAtha prathamasamAgama kaba huA ityAdi nizcita rUpa se jAnane kA hamAre pAsa koI sAdhana nahIM hai| parantu vaha rAjadhAnI paNDitoM ke lie AkarSaNa thii| isalie vidyAprApti evaM pANDitya ko kasauTI para kasane ke lie hemacandra kA AcArya hone se pUrva hI vahAM AnA-jAnA huA ho yaha saMbhava hai| 'prabhAvaka carita' aura 'prabandha cintAmaNi' ke anusAra kumudacandra ke sAtha zAstrArtha ke samaya hemacandra upasthita the arthAt vi0 saM0 1181 ( I0 sa0 1125) meM ve jayasiMha siddharAja kI paNDita sabhA meM vidyamAna the| usa samaya unakI Ayu ikattIsa varSa kI hogI tathA AcAryapada mile eka dazaka bIta gayA hogaa| usa samaya hemacandra vAdI devacandrasUri jitane pratiSThita nahIM hoMge, athavA unakA vAda kauzala zAntisUri Adi kI tArkika paramparA vAle vAdidevasUri jitanA nahIM hogaa| ___ 'prabhAvakacarita' ke anusAra jayasiMha aura hemacandra kA prathama milana aNahillapura ke kisI taMga mArga para huA thA jahAM se jayasiMha ke hAthI ko guz2arane meM rukAvaTa par3I thI aura jisa prasaMga para eka tarapha se hemacandra ne 'siddha' ko nizzaMka hokara apane gajarAja ko le jAne ke lie kahA aura zleSa se stuti kii| parantu isa ullekha meM kitanA aitihAsika tathya hai, yaha kahanA kaThina hai| siddharAja jayasiMha ke mAlavA kI aMtima vijaya ke samaya bhinna bhinna sampradAyoM ke pratinidhi use abhinandana dene ke lie Ae; usa samaya jaina-sampradAya ke pratinidhi ke rUpa meM ullekhanIya yaha hai ki 'kAvyaprakAza' kI sambhAvya prathama TIkA 'saMketa' gujarAta ke mANikyacandra ne likhI hai| 2. kAraya prasaraM siddha hastirAjamazaGkitam / trasyantu diggajAH kiM tairbhUstvayaivodhRtA ytH||67 // 3. 'kumArapAla prabandha' hemacandra aura jayasiMha kA prathama-samAgama isa prasaMga se pUrva bhI huA thA aisA sUcita karatA hai|

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prastAvanA hemacandra ne svAgata kiyA thaa| usa prasaMga kA unakA zloka prasiddha hai| yaha ghaTanA vi0 saM0 1191-92 meM (I0 sa0 1136 ke prArambha ) meM ghaTita huI hogii| usa samaya hemacandra kI Ayu chayAlIsa-saiMtAlIsa varSa kI hogii| jayasiMha siddharAja aura hemacandra kA sambandha kaisA hogA isakA anumAna karaneke lie prathama AdhArabhUta aMtha 'kumArapAla pratibodha' se kucha jAnakArI milatI hai "budhajanoM ke cUr3AmaNi bhuvana prasiddha siddharAja ko sampUrNa saMzaya sthAnoM meM ve praSTavya hue / mithyAtva se mugdhamati hone para bhI unake upadeza se jayasiMha rAjA jinendra ke dharma meM anuraktamanA huaa| unake prabhAva meM Akara hI usane usI nagara ( aNahillara ) meM ramya 'rAjavihAra' banAyA aura siddhapura meM cAra jina pratimAoM se samRdra 'siddhavihAra' nirmita kiyA / jayasiMha deva ke kahane para ina munIndra ne 'siddhahema vyAkaraNa' banAyA jo ki niHzeSa zabda lakSaNa kA nidhAna hai| amRtamayI vANI meM vizAla unheM na milane para jayasiMhadeva ke citta meM eka kSaNa bhI santoSa nahIM hotA thA / -kumArapAla pratibodha pR0 22 / isa kathana meM bahuta sA aitihAsika tathya dikhAI detA hai| hemacandra aura jayasiMha kA sambandha kramazaH gAr3ha huA hogA, aura hemacandra kI vidvattA evaM vizada pratipAdana zailI se (jo ki unake granthoM meM pratIta hotI hai ) ve usake vicArasArathi hue hoge| jayasiMha ke uttejana se hemacandra ko vyAkaraNa, koza, chanda tathA alaGkAra zAstra racane kA nimitta prApta huA aura apane rAjA kA kIrtana karanevAle, vyAkaraNa sikhAnevAle tathA gujarAta ke lokajIvana ke pratibimba ko dhAraNa karanevAle 'vyAzraya' nAmaka kAvya racane kA mana huaa| iSTa devatA kI upAsanA ke viSaya meM jayasiMha kaTTara zaiva hI rahA yaha 'kumArapAla pratibodha' ke 'micchatta-mohiya-maI'--mithyAtvamohitamati vizeSaNa se hI phalita hotA hai / parantu aisA mAnane kA kAraNa hai ki dharma vicAraNA ke viSaya meM sAra grahaNa karane kI udAra viveka-buddhi se hemacandra kI carcAe~ hotI hoMgI; aura bahuta sambhava hai ki idhara dharmoM para AkSepa kie binA hI unhoMne jaina-dharma ke siddhAntoM ko samajhAkara jayasiMha ko unameM 'anurakta mana vAlA' kiyA ho| 'prabandha cintAmaNi' ke 'sarvadarzanamAnyatA' nAmaka prabandha kA yahA~ ullekha karanA ucita hogA-"saMsAra sAgara se pAra hone kA icchuka, zrIsiddharAja 'devatattva', aura 'pAtratattva' kI jijJAsA se saba dArzanikoM se pUchatA hai, aura saba apanI stuti tathA dUsaroM kI nindA karate haiN| AcArya hemacandra purANoM meM se kathA kahakara, sA~r3ha banA huA pati saccI oSadhi 1 bhUmi kAmagavi ! svagomayarasairAsiJca ratnAkarA / muktAsvastikamAtanudhvamuDupa tvaM pUrNakumbhI bhava // dhRtvA kalpatarodalAni saralairdigvAraNAstoraNAnyAdhatta svakarairvijitya jagatI nanveti siddhaadhipH|| prabhAvaka carita pR. 300 2 dvayAzraya (sarga 15, zlo0 16 ) ke anusAra siddhapura meM jayasiMha ne carama tIrthaMkara mahAvIra svAmI kA mandira banavAyA thaa| anya ullekhoM ke lie dekho kAvyAnuzAsana prastAvanA 188 /

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granthakAra kA paricaya 41 khAne se jisa prakAra punaH manuSya ho sakA usI prakAra bhaktise sarvadarzana kA ArAdhana karane se svarUpa na jAnane para bhI mukti milatI hai, aisA abhiprAya dete haiM / " yaha 'sarvadarzanamAnyatA' kI dRSTi sAmpradAyika cAturI kI thI jaisA ki DaoN0 byurahara mAnate haiM, athavA sAragrAhI viveka buddhi meM se pariNata thI isakA nirNaya karane kA koI bAhya sAdhana nahIM hai / parantu anekAntavAda ke rahasyajJa hemacandra meM aisI vivekabuddhi kI sambhAvanA hai kyoMki hemacandra aura anya jaina tArkika anekAnta ko 'sarvadarzanasaMgraha' ke rUpa meM bhI ghaTAte haiM / isake alAvA usa yuga meM dUsare sampradArthoM meM bhI aisI vizAladRSTi ke vicArakoM ke dRSTAnta bhI milate haiM / prathama bhImadeva ke samaya meM zaivAcArya jJAnabhikSu aura suvihita jaina sAdhuoM ko pATana meM sthAna dilAnevAle purohita somezvara ke dRSTAnta 'prabhAvaka carita' meM varNita haiM / arthAt pratyeka sampradAya meM aise thor3e bahuta udAramati AcAryoM ke hone kI sambhAvanA hai / aisA mAnane ke lie kAraNa hai ki mAlava-vijaya ke bAda se jayasiMha kI mRtyuparyanta usake sAtha hemacandra kA sambandha abAdhita rahA; arthAt vi0 saM0 1991 ke anta se vi0 saM0 1999 ke Arambha taka lagabhaga sAta varSa yaha sambandha askhalita rahA / jayasiMha kI mRtyu ke samaya hemacandra kI Ayu 54 varSa kI thii| ina sAta varSoM meM hemacandra kI sAhityapravRtti ke aneka phala gujarAta ko mile / : 5: AcArya hemacandra kA kupArapAla ke sAtha prathama paricaya kisa varSa meM huA yaha jAnane kI koI sAdhana upalabdha nahIM hai / 'kumArapAla pratibodha' para se aisA jJAta hotA hai ki maMtrI vAgbhaTadeva -- bAhaDadeva dvArA kumArapAla ke rAjA hone ke pazcAt vaha hemacandra ke sAtha gADha paricaya meM AyA hogA / parantu, DaoN0 kathanAnusAra sAmrAjya nimittaka yuddha pUrNa honeke anantara prathama paricaya huA hogA aisA mAnane kA koI kAraNa nahIM hai / phira bhI dharma kA vicAra karane kA avasara usa prauDhavaya ke rAjA ko usake bAda hI milA hogA / byulhara ke jayasiMha ke sAtha kA paricaya samavayaska vidvAn mitra jaisA lagatA hai jaba ki kumArapAla ke sAtha guru-ziSya jaisA pratIta hotA hai / hemacandra ke upadeza se, aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki, kumArapAla kA jIvana uttarAvasthA meM prAyaH dvAdaza vratadhArI zrAvaka jaisA ho gayA hogA / parantu isa para se aisA anumAna karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai ki usane apane kula deva ziva kI pUjA chor3a hI dI hogI / 3 1 dekho siddha hema - 'sakaladarzanasamUhAtmakasyAdvAdasamAzrayaNam' ityAdi pR0 2 aura siddharSi kI vivRti 'sahita 'nyAyAvatAra' pR0 128 / 2 dekhA kAvyAnuzAsana prastAvanA pR0 283 / 3 eka ora jisa taraha hemacandra apane pranthoM meM use 'paramArhata' kahate haiM usI taraha dUsarI ora prabhAsapATana ke 'gaNDa' bhAva bRhaspati ne vi0 saM0 1229 ( I0 sa0 1173 ) ke bhadrakAlI ke zilAlekha meM 6 .

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prastAvanA . hemacandra ke upadeza se kumArapAla ne apane jIvana meM na kevala parivartana hI kiyA kintu gujarAta ko durvyasanoM meM se mukta karane kA yogya prayAsa bhI kiyaa| jisameM bhI vizeSataH usane jue aura madya kA pratibandha karavAyA, aura niveza ke dhanApaharaNa kA kAnUna bhI banda kiyA / hemacandra ke sadupadeza se yajJa-yAgAdi meM pazuhiMsA banda huI aura kumArapAla ke sAmantoM ke zilAlekhoM ke anusAra amuka amuka dina ke lie pazuhiMsA kA pratibandha bhI huA thA / kumArapAla ne aneka jaina-mandira bhI banavAe the jinameM se eka 'kumAra-vihAra' nAmaka mandira kA varNana hemacandra ke ziSya rAmacandra ne 'kumAra-vihAra-zataka' meM kiyA hai| 'moharAjaparAjaya' nAmaka samakAlInaprAya nATaka meM bhI ina ghaTanAoM kA rUpakamaya ullekha hai| .... usa samaya ke anya mahApuruSoM ke sAtha hemacandra ke sambandha tathA vartana viSayaka thor3I sI jJAtavya sAmagrI milatI hai| isa bAta ko pahale kaha hI cuke haiM ki udayana maMtrI ke ghara meM usake putroM ke sAtha bacapana meM canadeva rahA thaa| hemacandra ko sAdhu banAne meM bhI udayana maMtrI ne atyadhika bhAga liyA thaa| usake bAda usake putra bAhar3a dvArA kumArapAla ke sAtha gAr3ha paricaya huA thA isakA bhI nirdeza kara cuke haiN| 'prabhAvaka carita' 'mahAmati bhAgavata devabodha' kA ullekha karatA hai| usake sAtha hemacandra kA paraspara vidvattA kI kadra karanevAlA maitrI sambandha thA / var3anagara kI prazasti ke kavi zrIpAla se bhI hemacandra kA gAr3ha paricaya thaa| usa samaya hemacandra kI sAhityika pravRtti pUrNa utsAha se cala rahI thii| siddhahema zabdAnuzAsana ke bAda kAvyAnuzAsana tathA chandonuzAsana kumArapAla ke samaya meM prasiddha ho gae the| saMskRta vyAzraya ke antima sarga tathA prAkRta vyAzraya-kumArapAla carita bhI isI samaya likhe ge| . apUrNa upalabdha 'pramANamImAMsA' kI racanA anuzAsanoM ke bAda huii| sambhava hai, vaha hemacandra ke jIvana kI antima kRti ho| yogazAstra, triSaSTizalAkA-puruSa-carita nAmaka vizAla jaina-purANa, stotra Adi kI racanA bhI kumArapAla ke rAjatvakAla meM hI huI thii| inake atirikta pUrva-racita granthoM meM saMzodhana aura una para svopajJa TIkAe~ likhane kI bhI pravRtti calatI thii| 'prabhAvaka carita' meM hemacandra ke 'AsthAna' (vidyAsabhA) kA varNana hai vaha ullekhanIya hai| "hemacandra kA AsthAna jisameM vidvAn pratiSThita haiM, jo brahmollAsa kA nivAsa aura bhAratI kA pitR-gRha hai, jahA~ mahAkavi aminava grantha nirmANa meM Akula haiM, jahA~ paTTikA ( takhtI ) aura paTTa para lekha likhe jA rahe haiM, zabdavyutpatti ke lie UhApoha hote rahane kumArapAla ko 'mAhezvaranRpAguNI' kahA hai / aura, saMskRta 'dvayAzraya' ke bIsaveM sarga meM kumArapAla kI zivabhakti kA ullekha hai| dekhA kAvyAnuzAsana prastAvanA pR. 333 aura 287 / . 1 dekho kAvyAnuzAsana prastAvanA pR. 289 tathA pR0 255-261 /

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43 andhakAra kA paricaya se jo sundara lagatA hai, jahA~ purANakaviyoM dvArA prayukta zabda dRSTAntarUpa se ullikhita kie jAte haiN|' hemacandra ne rAjakIya viSayoM meM kitanA bhAga liyA hogA yaha jAnane ke lie nahIM jaisI jJeya-sAmagrI hai| ve eka rAjA ke sammAnya mitra tulya aura dUsare ke gurusama the / rAja darabAra meM agragaNya aneka jaina gRhasthoM ke jIvana para unakA prabhAva thaa| udayana aura * vAgbhaTAdi maMtriyoM ke sAtha unakA gAr3ha sambandha thaa| aisI vastusthiti meM kucha loga hemacandra ko rAjakIya viSayoM meM mahattva dete haiM / parantu rAjanItika kahI jA sake aisI eka hI bAta meM parAmarzadAtA ke rUpa se hemacandra kA ullekha 'prabandhakoza' meM AtA hai| jaise siddharAja kA koI sIdhA uttarAdhikArI na thA vaise hI kumArapAla kA bhI koI nahIM thaa| isalie siMhAsana kise denA isakI salAha lene ke lie vRddha kumArapAla vRddha hemacandra se milane ke lie upAzraya meM gayA; sAtha meM vasAha Abhar3a nAmaka jaina-mahAjana bhI thA / hemacandra ne drauhitra pratApamalla ko ( jisakI prazaMsA gaNDa bhAva bRhaspati ke zilAlekha meM bhI AtI hai ) dharma sthairya' ke lie gaddI dene kA parAmarza diyA kyoMki sthApita 'dharma' kA ajayapAla se hAsa sambhava hai| jaina-mahAjana vasAha Abhar3a ne aisI salAha dI ki 'kucha bhI ho para apanA hI kAma kA' isa kahAvata ke anusAra ajayapAla ko hI rAja diyA jAya / ra isake alAvA hemacandra ne anya kisI rAjakIya carcA meM spaSTataH bhAga liyA ho to usakA pramANa mujhe jJAta nahIM / siddharAja ko hemacandra kitane mAnya the isakA kumArapAla pratibodha meM saMkSepa se hI varNana hai jaba ki kumArapAla ko hemacandra ne kisa taraha jaina banAyA isake lie sArA grantha hI likhA gayA hai| grantha ke anta meM eka zloka hai-"prabhu hemacandra kI asAdhAraNa upadeza zakti kI hama stuti karate haiM, jinhoMne atIndriya jJAna se rahita hokara bhI rAjA ko prabodhita kiyA / " ___ 'prabhAvakacarita' ke anusAra hemacandra vi0 saM0 1229 ( I0 saM0 1173 ) meM 84 varSa kI Ayu meM divaMgata hue / hemacandra viracita granthoM kI samAlocanA kA yaha sthAna nahIM hai / - pratyeka grantha ke 1 anya dAbhinavagrandhagumphAkulamahAkavau / pttttikaapttttsNghaatlikhymaanpdvrje|| . zabdavyutpattaye'nyonyaM kRtohApohabandhure / purANakavisaMdRSTadRSTAntIkRtazabdake // brahmollAsanivAse'tra bhaartiipitRmndire| zrIhemacandrasUrINAmAsthAne susthakovide // prabhAvaka carita pR0 314 zlo0 292-94 2 isa mantraNA kA samAcAra hemacandra ke eka vidveSI ziSya bAlacandra dvArA ajayapAla ko milA thaa| dekho, prabandhakoza pR0 98 / 3 "stumastrisandhyaM prabhuhemasUrerananyatulyAmupadezazaktim / atIndriyajJAnavivarjito'pi yatkSoNibhatuvyadhita prabodham ||"-kumaarpaal pratibodha, pR0 476 /

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44 prastAvanA saMkSipta paricaya ke lie bhI eka eka lekha kI AvazyakatA ho sakatI hai| zabdAnuzAsana, kAvyAnuzAsana, chandonuzAsana, abhidhAnacintAmaNi aura dezInAmamAlA-ina granthoM meM usa usa viSaya kI usa samaya taka upalabdha sampUrNa sAmagrI kA saMgraha huA hai / ye saba usa usa viSaya ke Akara prantha haiN| granthoM kI racanA dekhate hue hameM jAna par3atA hai ki ve grantha kramazaH Age bar3hanevAle vidyArthIyoM kI AvazyakatA pUrNa karane ke prayatna haiM / bhASA aura vizadatA ina granthoM kA mukhya lakSaNa hai| mUla sUtroM tathA usa para kI svopajJa TIkA meM pratyeka vyakti ko tattadviSayaka sabhI jJAtavya viSaya mila sakate haiN| adhika sUkSmatA tathA taphasIla se gambhIra adhyayana ke icchuka vidyArthI ke lie bRhat TIkAe~ bhI unhoMne racI haiN| isa taraha tarka, lakSaNa aura sAhitya meM pANDitya prApta karane ke sAdhana dekara gujarAta ko svAvalambI banAyA, aisA kaheM to atyukti na hogii| hemacandra gujarAta ke isa prakAra vidyAcArya hue| dhAzraya saMskRta evaM prAkRta kAvya kA uddeza bhI paThanapAThana hI hai| ina granthoM kI pravRtti vyAkaraNa sikhAnA aura rAjavaMza kA itihAsa kahanA-ina do uddezoM kI siddhi ke lie hai| bAhyarUpa kliSTa hone para bhI ina donoM kAvyoM ke prasaMga-varNanoM meM kavitva spaSTa jhalakatA hai| gujarAta ke sAmAjika jIvana ke gaveSaka ke lie dvayAzraya kA abhyAsa atyanta Avazyaka hai| pramANamImAMsA nAmaka apUrNa upalabdha grantha meM pramANacarcA hai jisakA vizeSa paricaya Age diyA gayA hai| trizaSTizalAkA puruSa carita to eka vizAla purANa hai / hemacandra kI vizAla-pratibhA ko mAnane ke lie isa purANa kA abhyAsa Avazyaka hai| usakA pariziSTa parva bhArata ke prAcIna itihAsa kI gaveSaNA meM bahuta upayogI hai| yogazAstra meM jainadarzana ke dhyeya ke sAtha yoga kI prakriyA ke samanvaya kA samartha prayAsa hai| hemacanda ko yoga kA svAnubhava thA aisA unake apane kathana se hI mAlUma hotA hai| dvAtriMzikAe~ tathA stotra sAhityika-dRSTi se hemacandra kI uttama kRtiyA~ haiM / utkRSTa buddhi tathA hRdaya kI bhakti kA unameM subhaga saMyoga hai|' ___bhArata bhUmi aura gujarAta ke itihAsa meM hemacandra kA sthAna pramANoM ke AdhAra se kaisA mAnA jAya ! / bhAratavarSa ke saMskRta-sAhitya ke itihAsa meM to ye mahApaNDitoM kI paMkti meM sthAna pAte haiM; gujarAta ke itihAsa meM unakA sthAna vidyAcArya rUpa se aura rAjA-prajA ke AcAra ke sudhAraka rUpa se prabhAva DAlane vAle eka mahAn AcArya kA hai|' rasikalAla cho0 parikha 1dekho DaoN. AnandazaMkara dhruva kI syAdvAdamaJjarI kI prastAvanA pR018 aura 24 / 2 yaha lekha buddhiprakAza pu. 86 aMka 4the meM pU0377 para gujarAtI meM chapA hai| usIkA yaha avikala anavAda hai -saMpAdaka /

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vissyaanukrmnnikaa| . prmaannmiimaaNsaa| prathamAdhyAyasya prathamAhnikam / ___ pR0 paM0 ormt. nam1 11 parimANasyopAnadazapUrvaka viSayaH pR0 paM0 sU0 viSayaH pramANamImAMsAyA vRttermaGgalam 1 1 prAmANyasamathanena apUrvapadasyAvRttividhAne prayojanam nupAdeyatAsUcanam sUtrANAM nirmUlatvAzaGkA tannirAsazca 1 5 dravyApekSayA paryAyApekSayA ca jJAne sUtrANyeva kathaM racitAni, kathaM na gRhItagrAhitvAsaMbhavasamarthanam 4 20 prakaraNam , ityAzaGkAyAH samAdhAnam 1 11 avagrahAdInAM gRhItagrAhitvenaiva prAmApada-sUtrAdisvarUpanirdezapUrvakaM zAstra Nyasamarthanam . 4 24 parimANasyoktiH 1 14 gRhItagrAhitve'pi smRteH prAmANyA bhyupagamapradarzanam 1 anvarthanAmasUcanagarbha zAstrakaraNasya smRtyaprAmANye na gRhItagrAhitvaM prayopratijJAvacanam 1 17 jakamityatra jayantasaMvAdaH athazabdasya arthatrayapradarzanam 1 18 5. saMzayasya lakSaNam pramANazabdasya nirUktiH 6. anadhyavasAyasya lakSaNam zAstrasyoddezAdirUpeNa trividhapravRtteH 2 7. vipayeyalakSaNama mImAMsAzabdena sUcanam prAmANyanizcayo svataH parato vA na mImAMsAzabdasya arthAntarakathanena ghaTate iti pUrvapakSaH zAstrapratipAdyaviSayANAM sUcI 8. siddhAntinA svataH parato vA prAmANya2. pramANasya lakSaNam nizcayasya samarthanam 6 1 lakSaNasya prayojanakathanam 2 21 abhyAsadazApannapratyakSe'numAne ca nirNayapadasyArthaH sArthakyaJca 3 1 svataH prAmANyanizcayasamarthanam 6 2 arthasya heyopAdeyopekSyatayA trivi anabhyAsadazApanne pratyakSe parataH / dhatvasthApanam nizcayasamarthanam arthapadasya sArthakyam dRSTAdRSTArthake zAbde parataH prAmANyasamyakpadasya sArthakyam nizcayasamarthanam "svanirNayo'pi pramANalakSaNe vAcyaH' naiyAyikasya pramANalakSaNasya nirAsaH 6 16 iti mataM samarthayamAnena pUrvapakSiNA bhAsarvajJoktasya pramANalakSaNasya nirAsaH6 23 svasaMvedanasiddhiprakArapradarzanam 3 14 / / saugatasya pramANalakSaNasya nirAsaH 6 26 3. svasaMvedanamanumodamAnenApi siddhA 9. pramANasya dvedhA vibhajanam ntinA svanirNayasya ativyApi anyathA vibhAgavAdinAM mAtAnyutayA lakSaNAnaGgatvakathanam 4 10 llikhya nirAsaH pramANadvaividhyaM kiM saugatavat pratyakSAgRhItagrAhiNAM dhArAvAhikajJAnAnAM numAnarUpamutAnyathA ityAzaGkA 7 14 vyAvRttaye pramANalakSaNe 'apUrva'pada- 10. pratyakSaparokSarUpeNa pramANavibhAgaH 7 16 mupAdeyamityAzaGkA 4 15 / / akSazabdasya arthadvayadarzanena pratyakSa4. gRhItagrAhiNAM dhArAvAhikajJAnAnAM dvaividhyasUcanam an is w

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46 sU0 viSayaH parokSazabdasya niruktiH sUtragatacakAreNa sarvapramANAnAM sama balatvasUcanA 'na pratyakSAdanyat pramANam' iti lokAyatikAnAmAzaGkA 11. pratyakSetara pramANasiddhisamarthanena zaGkAnirAsa: pramANamImAMsAyA viSayAnukramaNikA / paM0 pR0 7 20 tasyaiva siddhi: paralokA diniSedhAnyathAnupapattyApi tasyaiva siddhiH prAmANyAprAmANyavyavasthAvartmanA paro kSapramANasya siddhiH paracetovRtyadhigamAnyathAnupapattyA punaH kumArilasya pUrvapakSa: abhAvo pratyakSagocara iti kRtvA nirAsa: abhAvastuccha rUpatvAdajJAnarUpa iti tasya prAmANyAbhAvasyopasaMhAraH tatsamAdhAnam vastuno bhAvAbhAvo bhayAtmakatvasamartha - nena abhAvaikarUpavastuno nirAkaraNadvArA abhAvapramANasya nirviSayatvAviSkaraNam pratyakSaparokSayoH bhAvAbhAvo bhayagrAhakatvasamarthanam abhAvAMzo'bhAvapramANagocara iti 13. pratyakSasya lakSaNam 14. vaizadyasya lakSaNe 15. mukhya pratyakSarUpa kevalajJAnasya 7 25 lakSaNam AtmanaH prakAzasvabhAvatvasiddhiH 7 21 7 26 arthAvyabhicArAt pratyakSaprAmANyavat parokSaprAmANyasiddhiH parokSaprAmANyasiddhau saMvAdakatayA dharmakIrttyakterullekhaH parokSArthaviSayamanumAnameveti saugatamatasya nirAsaH abhAvastu nirviSayatvAt na pramANa miti na pramANAntarbhUta iti nirdezaH 8 abhAvaH kathaM nirviSaya ityAzaGkA 12. abhAvasya nirviSayatvasamarthanena 7 28 8 7 8 8 r r 10 13 18 22 28 5 26 e 8 30 8 31 & 2 e 6 17 6 21 9 26 10 6 10 14 10 21 11 11 11 viSayaH prakAzasvabhAvatvepyAtmanaH sAvaraNatvasiddhiH anAderapi AvaraNasya suvarNamalavat vilayopapattisamarthanam amUrtatve'pi Atmana AvaraNasaMbhavaH 11 AtmanaH kUTasthanityatve dUSaNam 11 8 pariNAminityAtmasamarthanam mukhyapratyakSasya tadvato vA siddhau pratyakSAdInAmasAmarthyAt tadasiddhiparA kumArilasyAzaGkA 16. sAdhakapramANadvArA kevalajJAnasamarthanenoktazaGkAnirAsa: atizayatva - prameyatva - jyotirjJAnAvidAnyathAnupattibhirhetubhiH kevalajJAnasya siddhiH nodanA hi traikAlika viSayAvagamikA iti manyamAnena zabarasvAminA sarvajJaH svIkArya eva iti yuktyA sarvajJasamarthanam siddhasaMvAdenAgamena sarvajJasiddhiH pratyakSeNa sarvajJasiddhiH 'bhavatu yathAkathaJcidIzvarAdayaH sarvajJAH, manuSyastu na' iti vadantaM kumAri pratyAcAryasya roSavRSTiH 12 26 brahmAdInAM rAgAdimattvaM sarvajJatvaM ca kathaM syAditi virodhasya sopahA - samAviSkaraNam brahmAdInaf vItarAgatve tu vipratipattyabhAvakathanam 17. bAdhakapramANAbhAvAcca kevalajJAnasya siddhi: 13 11 sU0 pratyakSasyAbAdhakatvapradarzanam anumAnasyAbAdhakatvopadarzanam AgamasyApyAbAdhakatvaprakaTanam pR0 paM0 10 27 11 17 ws is 11 29 6 14 12 1 12 8 12 15 12 24 18. mukhyapratyakSatvena avadhimanaHparyAya yonirdezaH avadhijJAnasya nirUpaNam manaHparyAyasya nirUpaNam 19. avadhimanaH paryAyayorvailakSaNyasya - nirUpaNam vizuddhikRta bhedasya nirUpaNam 14 . 14 10 15 15 15 1 14 21 15 1 20 9 4 11 15 17 15 105

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sya kAla pramANamImAMsAyA viSayAnukramaNikA / viSayaH pR. paM0 sU0 viSayaH . pR0 paM0 kSetrakRtabhedasya nirUpaNam 15 21 pratipAdanenoktazaGkAnirAsaH 19 25 svAmikRtabhedasya nirUpaNam arthAlokayorabhAve'pi jJAnotpattiviSayakRtabhedasya nirUpaNam 15 27 samarthanam 16 28 20. sAMvyavahArikapratyakSasya lakSaNam 16 2 saugatasaMmatasya jJAnArthayorjanyajanakabauddhasaMmatasvasaMvedanapratyakSaprakArasya bhAvasya nirAsaH 20 6 sveSTapratyakSe samAvezanam 16 12 saugatasaMmatasya tadutpattitadAkAra21. indriyalakSaNAnAM tadbhedAnAM ca vAdasya nirAkaraNam 20 17 nirUpaNam 16 17 26. avagrahasya lakSaNem . 21 2 indriyANAM AtmasRSTatvasya Atma saugatasaMmatAt mAnasavikalpAdavaliGgatvasya ca samarthanam grahasya bhedapratipAdanam 21 12 indriyANAM liGgatve tajanyAtmavarti- 27. IhAyA lakSaNam . 21 15 jJAnasyAnumAnikatvApattyAnavasthAprada Ihohayo/dapratipAdanam / rzanam 16 23 IhAyAH prAmANyasamarthanam 21 25 bhAvendriyANAM svasaMviditatvasamartha- 28. avAyasya lakSaNam 21 28 nenAnavasthAbhaGgaprakaTanam 16 24 29. dhAraNAyA lakSaNam 22 1 indriyANAM niruktyantarapradarza dhAraNAyAH saMskarAbhinnatvasya kAladravyamAvendriyayoH svarUpam 16 27 parimANasya ca nirUpaNam 22 2 indriyasvAminA nirUpaNam 17 5 vaizeSikasaMmatasya saMskArasvarUpasya indriyasaMkhyAviSaye sAMkhyasya viprati nirAsaH 22 5 pattiH tannirAsazca 17 18 vRddhAcAryairdhAraNAtvenoktAyA aviparasparamindriyANAM bhedAbhedasiddhiH 17 22 cyuterapi avAye sveSTadhAraNAyAJca Atmana indriyANA bhedAbhedasiddhiH 18 1 samAvezavidhiH 22 6 dravyendriyANAmapi parasparaM svArambhaka avagrahAdInAM kathaJcidekatvapratipApudgalebhyazca bhedAbhedasamarthanam 18 5 danam 22 17 indriyaviSayANAM sparzAdInAmapi naiyAyikasaMmatasya pratyakSalakSaNasya bhedAbhedAtmakatvanirUpaNam 18 7 nirAsaH 22 22 22. dravyendriyasya lakSaNam 18 11 prasaGgAccakSuSo'prApyakAritvasiddhiH 23 3 23. labdhyupayogatayA bhAvendriyasya dvai. dharmakIya'bhimatapratyakSasya nirAsaH 23 8 vidhyaprakaTanam 18 19 mImAMsakAbhimatasya pratyakSalakSaNasya labdhyupayogayoH svarUpanirdezaH 18 20 nirAsaH 23 16 svArthasaMvidi yogyatAtvena labdhI vRddhasAMkhyAcAryeSTasyezvarakRSNasya ca ndriyaM tatraiva punarvyApArAtmakatvena pratyakSalakSaNasya khaNDanam 24 13 upayogendriyaM nirUpya dvayorantara- 30. pramANaviSayasya lakSaNam 24 26 pradarzanam 18 25 lakSaNagatAnAM padAnAM vyAvRtti- upayogendriyasya indriyatvAbhAvA pradarzanam 25 5 zaGkA tatsamAdhAnaM ca 16 1 31. arthakriyAsamarthatvAt dravyaparyA- . 24. manaso lakSaNam . 19 8 yAtmakasya vastuno viSayatvenAva- . manodaividhyaprakaTanam dhAraNam 25 12 ... arthAlokAvapi jJAnanimittatvena 32. vastuno'rthakriyAsAmArthyarUpAtmavAcyAviti zaGkA 16 20 . kasya vyavasthApanam 25 16 25. mAlakayoninimittatvAbhAva nityaikarUpadravyAtmakavastunaH kramayoga 16 17

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48 sU0 pramANamImAMsAyA viSayAnukramaNikA / pR0 paM0 sU0 viSayaH padyAbhyAmarthakriyA karaNAbhAvasamarthanena sattvAbhAvapratipAdanam anityaikarUpaparyAyAtmakavastunaH kramayaugapadyAbhyAmarthakriyA karaNAbhAvasama rthanena sattvAbhAvapratipAdanam kANAdAbhimatasya parasparAtyantabhinnadravyaparyAyavAdasya nirAsa: jainAbhimate dravyaparyAyayorkathaJcidbhedAbhedavAde virodhAdidUSaNAni tanni 25 24 1. parokSasya lakSaNam 2. parokSavibhAgasya nirUpaNam smRtyAdInAM parokSatvaprakaTanam 3.. smRterlakSaNam 26 20 27 14 rAsazva vastunaH dravyaparyAyAtmakatvapakSepi artha kriyAkaraNAbhAvAzaGkopanyAsaH 33. dravyaparyAyAtmakavastunaH arthakriyAsAmarthya pratipAdanena uktAzaGkAyA nirAsa: 34. artha prakAzasya pramANavyavahitaphalatvena pratipAdanam 35-37. ekajJAnagatatvena pramANaphala 28 1 28 24 29 5 29 17 33 33 33 10 33 16 33 23 34 11 5 smRtepramANyapratipAdanam 4. pratyabhijJAnasya lakSaNam upamAnasya pratyabhijJAyAM samAvezaH 35 pratyabhijJAnaM smRtyanubhavarUpajJAnadvayAtmakatvena manvAnasya saugatasya nirAkaraNam 35 16 pratyabhijJAnaM na pratyakSAdanyat iti naiyAyika matasya nirAkaraNam 35 25 pratyabhijJAyAH prAmANyapratipAdanam 36 13 5. Uhasya lakSaNam 36 20 vyAptigrahe pratyakSAnumAnayorasAmarthyaM - prakaTanena Uhasya tatsAmarthya samarthanam bauddha saMmata pratyakSa pRSThabhA vivikalpe vyAsigrahaNasAmarthyasya niSedhaH dvitIyamAhnikam / 3 7 36 24 viSayaH yorabhedepi jJAnasya kartRsthavyApAratvena karmonmukha vyApAratvena ca vyavasthApyavyavasthApakabhAvaM pradarzya tayorbhedavyavasthApanam 37 7 ++ 38. avyavahitasyAjJAnanivRttirUpaphalAntarasya nirUpaNam 39. vyavahitaphalapradarzanavyAjena IhAdInAM kramopajanadharmANAM pramANa'phalobhayatva samarthanam 40. hAnAdibuddhInAmapi pramANaphalatvena nirdeza: 41. matAntaranirAsapUrvakaM pramANaphalayoH bhedAbhedasamarthanam 42. pramAturlakSaNam pramAtuH svaparAbhAsitvasamarthanam pramAturpariNAmitvasamarthanam pR0 6. vyApternirUpaNam - 29 26 paM0 30 12 30 18 vaizeSikasaMmatasya UhApohavikalpe vyAptigrahaNasAmarthyasya niSedhaH 37 yaugAbhimatasya tarkasahakRta pratyakSe vyAptigrahasAmarthyasya nirAsaH 31 4 31 8 31 21 31 22 32 1 7. anumAnasya lakSaNam 8. svArthaparArtha bhedAdanumAnasya vibhAgaH 39 9. svArthAnumAnasya lakSaNam 39 36 15 37 38 3 11 vyApakadharmatayA nirUpaNam 38 5 vyAptervyApyadharmatvena pratipAdanam 38 vyAteruktobhayadharmapratipAdanasya phalapradarzanam 38 16 amy or 20 38 22 4 0. . sAdhanasya lakSaNam 10 36 16 saugatena hetostrailakSaNyasamarthanam siddhAntinA trailakSaNyasya nirAsaH 40 11 naiyAyikAbhimatasya hetoH paJcalakSa NakatvasyApi nirAkaraNam 10. avinAbhAvasya lakSaNam pratyakSAnumAnayoravinAbhAvanizcaye 41 1 41 12

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49 viSayaH pramANamImAMsAyA viSayAnukramaNikA / pR0 paM0 sU0 viSayaH / pR0 paM0 sAmarthyAbhAvaM pradaryaM kutaH pramA 'asiddhapadasya vyAvRttinirdezaH 45 26 NAt tanizcaya ityAzaGkA 41 17 abAdhyapadasya phalam 45 26 11. UhAtpramANAt avinAbhAvanizcaya- 14. bAdhAyA vidhApradarzanam 46 sya pratipAdanena uktAzayAyAH 15. dharmasya dharmiNazca sAdhyatvasamasamAdhAnam 46 12 12. svabhAvAdibhedena liGgasya vibha- 16. dharmiNaH pramANasiddhatvapradarzanam 46 18 janam 42 1 dharmI buddhathArUDha eveti saugatamatasya svabhAvaliGgasya nirUpaNam 42 4 pratikSepaH 46 2 asAdhAraNadharma sAdhanatvAbhAvaM manvA .. 17. dharmiNo buddhisiddhatvasyApi samanasya saugatasya nirAkaraNam 42 5 . rthanam 47 2 kAraNasya liGgatvasamarthanam 42 22 buddhisiddha dharmiNi saugatasyAzaGkA liGgatvena saMmatasya kAraNasvarUpasya tannirAsazca nirdezaH kAryaliGgasya nirUpaNam ubhayasiddhasyApi dharmiNaH pradarzanam 47 16 prANAdirUpasyAsAdhAraNakAryasya / 18. dRSTAntasyAnumAnAGgatvanirAsaH 47 24 liGgatvasamarthanam 19. dRSTAntasyAnumAnAnaGgatve hetUvyatirekasyaiva hetuniyAmakarUpatvena panyAsaH . nirNayaH dRSTAnte anumAnAGgatvasya vikalpya ekArthasamavAyiliGgasya pratipAdanam 44 22 dUSaNam 48 svabhAvAdInAM vidhisAdhanatvanirdezaH 456 20. dRSTAntasya lakSaNam 48 9 sUtrasthacakAreNa svabhAvAdyanupalabdhe anumAnAGgatvAbhAve'pi lakSaNapraNaniSedhasAdhakatvasthApanam yanasya prayojanam . . 48 12 virodhiliGgasya pratipAdanam 25 26 21. dRSTAntasya sAdharmyavaidharmyatayA 13. sAdhyasya lakSaNam vibhAgavacanam 48 18 sUtrasthasiSAdhayiSitapadasya vyAvRtti- - 22. sAdhaya'dRSTAntasya lakSaNam 48 22 pradarzanam 54 21 23. vaidhaya'dRSTAntasya lakSaNam 49 26 45 11 . dvitIyAdhyAyasya prathamAhnikam / 1. parArthAnumAnasya lakSaNam 49 2 7. pratijJAyAH prayojanam 50 24 2. vacane'numAnavyavahArasyopacAreNa pratijJAprayogasya samarthanam 51 1 svIkaraNam 49 7 pratijJArthasya arthAdApannatvAt pratizA3. vacanAtmakaparArthAnumAnasya dvaividhya yAH prayoge paunaruktyamiti saugataprakaTanam 49 20 syAzaGkA 4. tathotpattyanyathAnupapattibhyAM parArthA- 8. pakSadharmopasaMhAravacanavat pratijJA numAnasya prayogadapradarzanam 49 23 vacanasArthakyasamarthanena uktA5. prayogabhede'pi tAtparyAbhedasya praka zaGkAyA nirAkaraNam 51 21 Tamam anumAnaprayoge vipratipattipradarzanam 52 4 6. tAtparyAbhede dvayoryugapat prayogasya 9. svAmimatapekSaprayogapradarzanena vaiphalyapradarzanam 50 15 vipratipattinirAsaH

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0 .. / 50 pramANamImAMsAyA viSayAnukramaNikA / viSayaH pR0 paM0 sU0 viSayaH , pR0 paM0 10. bodhyamapekSya prayogapradarzanam 52 16 gvacanAnarthakyasamarthanam 56 7 11. pratijJAyAH lakSaNam 52 24 28. dUSaNasya lakSaNam 12. hetorlakSaNam 52 29 29. dRSaNAbhAsasya lakSaNam 59 20 13. udAharaNasya lakSaNam dUSaNAbhAsatvena saMmatAnAM caturvizate. 14. upanayasya lakSaNam 53 13 rjAtyuttaraprayogANAM kramazo vista15. nigamanasya lakSaNam rataH pradarzanam avayavapaJcakazuddhiM pradayaM dazAva jAtyuttaraprayogasya pratisamAdhAnayavaprayogaprakaTanam 53 20 pradarzanam 62 16 16. hetvAbhAsasya vibhAgavacanam 54 3 duSaNAbhAsatvena saMmatAnAM chalAnAM hetvAbhAsazabdaprayogasya aupacAri nirUpaNam / 62 22 katvaprakaTanam 54 4 30. vAdasya lakSaNam 63 6 hetvAbhAsasya saMkhyAntaranirAkaraNam 54 7 tattvarakSaNaM jalpavitaNDayoprayojanamiti 17. asiddhahetvAbhAsasya nirUpaNam 54 16 naiyAyikamatamAzakya tannirAkarasvarUpAsiddhasya nirUpaNe saugatasyA Nam 63 21 zaGkA tannirAsazca 54 18 jalpavitaNDayorkathAntaratvAbhAvasamarthasandigdhAsiddhasya prarUpaNam 54 25 nena vAdAtmakaikaiva katheti sveSTa18. vAdyAdibhedena asiddhabhedasya vidhA samarthanam _ nam. 31. jayasya lakSaNam 64 26 19. vizeSyAsiddhAdInAM sveSTabhede- 32. parAjayasya lakSaNam 65 3 vantarbhAvavacanam 55 14 33. nigrahasya nirUpaNam 20. viruddhahetvAbhAsasya lakSaNam 55 27. 34. naiyAyikasaMmatasya vipratipattya__anyAbhimataviruddhabhedAnAM saMgrahaH 56 6 pratipattimAtrasya parAjayahetutvasya 21. anaikAntikasya nirUpaNam 56 17 nirAkaraNam anyAbhimatAnakAntikabhedAnAM sveSTA naiyAyikasaMmatAnAM dvAviMzatibhedanaikAntikentarbhAvaH . 56 21 bhinnAnAM nigrahasthAnAnAM kramazo 22. dRSTAntAbhAsAnAM saMkhyAvacanam 57 9 nirUpaNam , parIkSA ca 65 20 23. sAdhyasAdhanobhayavikalatayA sAdha- 35. saugatasaMmatasya asAdhanAGgavacanA HdRSTAntAbhAsAnAM nirUpaNam 57 14 doSodbhAvanayonigrahahetutvasya parI24. sAdhyasAdhanobhayAvyAvRttatvena vaidha kSya nirAkaraNam 72 10 yaMdRSTAntAbhAsAnAM prarUpaNam 57 20 asAdhanAGgavacanamityasya trirUpa25. sandigdhasAdhyAdyanvayavyatirekANAM lijAvacanamityAdiprathamavyAkhyAdRSTAntAbhAsAnAM pratipAdanam 58 2 nasya khaNDanam 72 16 26. viparItAnvayavyatirekayodRSTAntA asAdhanAGgamityasya sAdhamryeNa heto. bhAsayonirUpaNam 58 16 vacanaityAdirUpavyAkhyAnAntarasya 27. apradarzitAnvayavyatirekayo niSedhaH dRSTAntAbhAsayoH pratipAdanam 58 25 adoSodbhAvanamityasya prasajyapratisarvadRSTAntAbhAsAnAM ananvayAvyati Sedha ityAdivyAkhyAnasya niSedhaH 74 18 rekAbhinnatvena tannirUpaNe tayoH pRtha patravAkyasya lakSaNakaraNapratijJA 74 27

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bhASATippaNAni / prathamAdhyAya kA prathamAhnika | pR0 paM0 naM0 naM0 1 pANini, piGgala, kaNAda aura akSapAda ke granthoM kA nirdeza 1 6 2 vAcakamukhya umAsvAti kA paricaya 1 ha 1 14 3 digambarAcArya akalaGka ke granthoM kA nirdeza 1 11 4 dharmakIrti ke kucha granthoM kA nirdeza 5 prathama sUtra kI zabda racanA ke AdhAra kA aitihAsika digdarzana 6 AcArya hemacandra ne 'atha' ke jo tIna artha kiye haiM unake mUla kA aitihAsika avalokana 7 jainaparaMparAprasiddha pAMca parameSThioM kA nirdeza hemacandrAcArya kRta pramANa nirvacana ke mUla kA nirdeza 6 zAstra-pravRtti ke do, tIna, aura cAra prakAroM ke vivAda kA rahasya | hemacandra dvArA isa viSaya meM kiye gae naiyAyikoM ke anukaraNa kA nirdeza 10 mImAMsA zabda ke viziSTa artha kA AdhAra kyA hai ? aura usase AcArya ko kyA abhipreta hai usakA nidarzana 11 kaNAdakRta kAraNazuddhimUlaka pramANasAmAnya lakSaNa aura usameM naiyAyikavaizeSika, mImAMsaka aura bauddha dvArA kie gae uttarottara vikAsa kA tulanAtmaka aitihAsika digdarzana | jainAcAryoM ke pramANa lakSaNoM kI vibhinna zabda racanA ke AdhAra kA aitihAsika avalokana | jaina paraMparA meM hemacandra ke saMzodhana kA avalokana 12 lakSaNa ke prayojana ke viSaya meM dArzanikoM kI vipratipatti kA digdarzana 13 sUtra 1. 1. 2 kI vyAkhyA ke AdhAra kI sUcanA 14 artha ke prakAroM ke viSaya meM dArzanikoM ke matabheda kA digdarzana 1 21 2 11 3 6 3 11 3. 17 4 21 5 8 1 6 8 16 65 15 svaprakAza ke sthApana meM prayukta yuktiyoM AdhAra kA nirdeza pRSTha pa 16 pramANa lakSaNa meM svapada kyoM nahIM rakhA usakA AcAryakRta khulAsA 17 darzanazAstra meM jaba dharmakIrti ne dhArAcAhi ke prAmANya - aprAmANya kI carcA dAkhila kI taba usake viSaya meM sabhI dArzanikoM ne jo mantavya pragaTa kiyA hai usakA rahasyodghATana 18 sUtra 1,1.4 kI racanA ke uddezya aura vaiziSTya kA sUcana 14 5 16 sUtra 1. 1. 4 aura usakI vRtti kI viziSTatA tattvopaplava ke AcAryakRta avalokana se phalita hone kI saMbhAvanA 14 15 20 saMzaya ke vibhinna lakSaNoM kI tulanA 14 22 21 prazastapAda kRta anadhyavasAya ke svarUpa kA nirdeza 15 22 hemacandra kRta viparya ke lakSaNa kI tulanA 15 23 23 prAmANya aura aprAmANya ke svataH parataH kI carcA ke prAraMbha kA itihAsa aura isa viSaya meM dArzanikoM ke mantavya kA digdarzana lakSaNa kA nirAsa 26 jaina paraMparA meM pAI jAnevAlI Agamika aura tArkika jJAna carcA kA aitihAsika dRSTi se vistRta avalokana 27 vaizeSika saMgata pramANadvitvavAda aura pramANatritvavAda kA nirdeza 28 pratyakSaghaTaka akSazabda ke arthoM meM 10 25 11 8 16 18 24 parokSArthaka Agama ke prAmANya ke samarthana meM akSapAda kI taraha mantrAyurveda ko dRSTAnta na karake AcArya hemacandra ne jyotiSa zAstra kA dRSTAnta diyA hai usakA aitihAsika dRSTi se rahasyodghATana 18 12 25 AcArya dvArA bauddha-naiyAyikoM ke pramANa 11 17 w 16 4 16 26 23 2

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bhASATippaNAnAM viSayAnukramaNikA / / pR0 paM0 naM0 pRSTha paM0 dArzanikoM ke matabheda kA digdarzana 23 24 sthAna Adi aneka viSayoM meM dArzi26 bhinna-bhinna dArzanikoM ke dvArA bhinna- nikoM ke matabhedoM kA saMkSipta varNana 42 14 bhinna pramANa ko jyeSTha mAnane kI 41 AcAryavarNita cAra pratyayoM ke mUla paraMparAoM kA varNana 24 13 sthAna kA nirdeza 30 sUtra.1.1.11 kI AdhArabhUta kArikA 42 arthAlokakAraNatAvAda naiyAyika-bauddha kI sUcanA aura usakI vyAkhyA kI ubhaya mAnya hone para bhI use bauddha bhyAyAvatAra vRtti ke sAtha tulanA 25 3 sammata hI samaja kara jainAcAryoM ne jo 31 abhAvapramANavAda ke pakSakAra aura khaNDana kiyA hai usakA khulAsA 44 12 pratipakSiyoM kA nirdesh| sUtra 1.1.12 43 tadutpatti-tadAkAratA kA siddhAnta kI vyAkhyA kI nyAyAvatAra vRtti ke sautrAntika sammata hone kI tathA yogAsAtha tulanA cAra bauddhoM ke dvArA usake khaNDana kI 32 pratyakSa ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM bhinna 2 sUcanA paraMparAoM kA varNana 26 11 44 jJAnotpatti ke krama kA dArzanikoM ke 33 sarvajJavAda aura dharmajJavAda kA aiti dvArA bhinna bhinna rUpa se kiye gae hAsika dRSTi se avalokana / sarvajJa ke varNana kA tulanAtmaka nirUpaNa 45 16 viSaya meM dArzanikoM ke mantavyoM kA 45 anadhyavasAya, mAnasajJAna aura avagraha digdarzana / sarvajJa aura dharmajJa kI carcA . . ke paraspara bhinna hone kI AcAryakRta meM mImAMsaka aura bauddhoM ke dvArA dI sUcanA kA nirdesh| pratisaMkhyAnirodha gaI manoraMjaka dalIloM kA varNana 27 12 kA svarUpa 34 punarjanma aura mozca mAnanevAle dArza 46 avAya aura apAya zabda ke prayoga nikoM ke sAmane AnevAle samAna kI bhinna 2 paraMparA kA aura akalaMka praznoM kA tathA unake samAna mantavyoM kRta samanvaya kA varNana kA parigaNana 3410 47 dhAraNA ke artha ke viSaya meM jainAcAryoM 35 samAnabhAva se sabhI dArzanikoM meM pAye ke matabhedoM kA aitihAsika dRSTi se jAnevAle sAMpradAyika roSa kA nidarzana 3616 36 sUtra 1. 1. 17 ko ThIka 2 samajhane 48 hemacandra ne svamatAnusAra pratyakSa kA ke liye tattvasaMgraha dekhane kI sUcanA 36 20 lakSaNa sthira karake paraparikalpita lakSaNoM 37 vaktRtva Adi hetuoM kI sarvazatva kA nirAsa karane meM jisa prathA kA viSayaka asAdhakatA ko pragaTa karanevAle anukaraNa kiyA hai usake itihAsa para AcAryoM kA nirdeza 37 1 . dRSTipAta 48 14 38 manaHparyAyajJAna ke viSaya meM do paraM- 46 akSapAdIya pratyakSasUtra kI vAcaspati kI parAoM ke svarUpa saMbaMdhI matabheda kA vyAkhyA para 'pUrvAcAryakRtavyAkhyAvarNana vaimukhyena' isa zabda se AcArya ne jo 36 indriya pada kI nirukti, indriyoM kA AkSepa kiyA hai aura jo asaMgata kAraNa, unakI saMkhyA, unake viSaya, dikhatA hai usakI saMgati dikhAne kA unake AkAra, unakA pArasparika prayatna bhedAbheda, unake prakAra tathA unake . 50 indriyoM ke prApyAprApyakArisva ke viSaya svAmI ityAdi indriya nirUpaNa viSa meM dArzanikoM ke matabhedoM kI sUcI 46 23 yaka dArzanikoM ke mantavyoM kA 51 pratyakSalakSaNa viSayaka do bauddha paraMpatulanAtmaka digdarzana 38 21 rAoM kA nirdeza aura una donoM ke 40 manake svarUpa, kAraNa, kArya, dharma aura lakSaNoM ke nirAsa karane vAle kucha varNana

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naM0 bhASATippaNAnAM viSayAnukramaNikA / pR0 paM0 naM0 pRSTha paM0 AcAryoM kA nirdeza 50 10 ke bhedAbhedavAda kA saMkSipta itihAsa 52 kalpanA zabda kI aneka arthoM meM aura guNa-paryAya tathA dravya ke bhedAbhedaprasiddhi hone kI sUcanA 51 8 vAda ke bAre meM dArzanikoM ke mantavyoM 53 jaiminI ke pratyakSa sUtra kI vyAkhyA ke kA digdarzama 54 17 viSaya meM mImAMsakoM ke matabhedoM kA 57 kevala nityatva Adi bhinna 2 vAdoM ke nirdeza aura usa sUtrakA khaNDana karane samarthana meM sabhI dArzanikoM ke dvArA vAle dArzanikoM kA nirdeza 5120 prayukta baMdha-mokSa kI vyavasthA Adi 54 sAMkhyadarzanaprasiddha pratyakSalakSaNa ke tIna samAnayuktiyoM kA aitihAsika digdarzana 57 21 prakAroM kA nirdeza aura unake kucha 58 santAna kA varNana aura usakA khaNDana khaNDana karanevAloM kI sUcanA 52 16 karane vAloM kA nirdeza 60 20 55 pramANa kI viSayabhUta vastu ke svarUpa 56 anekAntavAda ke itihAsa para dRSTipAta 61 5 tathA vastusvarUpanizcAyaka kasauTioM 60 anekAntavAda para diye jAne vAle doSoM ke bAre meM dArzanikoM ke mantavyoM kA kI saMkhyA viSayaka bhinna bhinna paraMparAoM digdrshn| bauddhoM kI arthakriyAkAritva kA aitihAsika dRSTi se avalokana 65 8 rUpa kasauTI kA apane pakSa kI siddhi 61 phala ke svarUpa aura pramANa-phala ke meM AcArya dvArA kiye gaye upayoga bhedAmedavAda ke viSaya meM vaidika, bauddha kA nirdeza aura jaina paraMparA ke mantavyoM kA aiti56 vyAkaraNa, jaina tathA jainetara dArzanika hAsika dRSTi se tulanAtmaka varNana 66 7 sAhitya meM dravya zabda kI bhinna bhinna 62 AtmA ke svarUpa ke bAre meM dArzanikoM arthoM meM prasiddhi kA aitihAsika siMhA ke mantavyoM kA saMkSipta varNana 70 8 valokana / jainaparaMparAprasiddha guNa-paryAya dvitIyAhika / 63 bhinna bhinna dArzanikoM ke dvArA racita usake svarUpa aura prAmANya ke bAre meM / smaraNa ke lakSaNoM ke bhinna bhinna AdhAroM dArzanikoM ke mantavyoM kI tulanA 76 25 kA digdarzana 72 2 66 hemacandra dvArA svIkRta arcaTokta vyApti 64 adhika se adhika saMskArobodhaka kA rahasyodghATana 78 25 nimittoM ke saMgrAhaka nyAyasUtra kA nirdeza 72 16 70 anumAna aura pratyakSa ke svArtha-parArtharUpa 65 smRti jJAna ke prAmANya aura aprAmANya do bhedoM ke viSaya meM dArzanikoM kA ke viSaya meM dArzanikoM kI yuktiyoM mantavya 80 16 kA aitihAsika dRSTi se tulanAtmaka 71 hetu ke svarUpa ke bAre meM dArzanikoM kI digdarzana 72 21 bhinna-bhinna paraMparAoM kA aitihAsika 66 'nAkAraNaM viSayaH' isa viSaya meM sautrA dRSTi se tulanAtmaka vicAra 8030 mtika aura naiyAyikoM ke mantavya kI 72 hetu ke prakAroMke bAre meM jainAcAryoM ke tulanA 74 24 mantavyoM kA aitihAsika dRSTi se 67 pratyabhijJA ke svarUpa aura prAmANya ke avalokana 83 23 bAre meM dArzanikoM ke matabheda kA 73 kAraNaliGgaka anumAna ke viSaya meM tulanAtmaka digdarzana 75 3. dharmakIrti ke sAtha apanA matabheda hone 65 Uha aura tarka zabdoM kA nirdeza tathA para bhI hemacandra ne unake liye 'sUkSma

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54 naM0 bhASATippaNAnAM viSayAnukramaNikA / pR0 paM0 naM. 0 darzin' vizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA hai isase dharmakIrti ke Upara unake Adara kI sUcanA 74 'prANAdimattvAt' isa hetu kI satyatA ke bAre meM itara dArzanikoM ke sAtha bauddhoM ke matabheda kA digdarzana 75 hetu ke niyAmaka rUpa ke bAre meM dharmakIrti kA jo mata hemacandra ne uddhRta kiyA hai usakI nirmUlatA ke bAre meM zaMkA aura samAdhAna / anvaya aura 78 vaidika, bauddha aura jaina paraMparAgata parArthAnumAna kI carcA kA itihAsa 76 parArthAnumAna ke prayoga prakAroM ke bAre meM vaidika, bauddha aura jaina paraMparA ke mantavyoM kI tulanA 80 parArthAnumAna meM pakSa prayoga karane na karane ke matabheda kA digdarzana / hemacandra dvArA apane mantavya kI puSTi meM vAcaspati kA anukaraNa 81 parArthAnumAna sthala meM prayoga paripATI ke bAre meM dArzanikoM ke mantavyoM kA digdarzana 82 anumAna ke zabdAtmaka paci avayavoM ke varNana meM hemacandra kRta akSapAda ke anukaraNa kI sUcanA 83 hetvAbhAsa ke vibhAga ke bAre meM dArza 85 26 86 dvitIyAdhyAya kA prathamAhnika | 62 1 1 62 20 62 17 64 14 66 61 nirvikalpa ke bAre meM dArzanikoM ke mantavya kI tulanA 62 jJAna kI svaprakAzakatA ke viSaya meM dArzanikoM ke mantavya 130 63 pratyakSa viSayaka dArzanikoM ke mantavya 132 64 pratisaMkhyAna 125 vyatireka viSayaka jaina-bauddha mantavyoM kA samanvaya phaLa, . 76 pakSa kA lakSaNa, lakSaNagata padoM kA pakSa ke AkAra aura prakAra ina bAtoM meM dArzanikoM ke mantavyoM kA aitihAsika avalokana 1 77 dRSTAnta ke lakSaNa aura upayoga ke bAre meM naiyAyika aura jaina-bauddha mantavyoM kA digdarzana 7 7 135 30 nikoM kI vipratipatti kA aitihAsika avalokana 84 dArzanikoM ke asiddhaviSayaka mantavya kA tulanAtmaka varNana vRddhi patraka | 85 dArzanikoM ke viruddhaviSayaka mantavya kA tulanAtmaka digdarzana 86 anaikAntika ke bAre meM dArzanikoM ke matabhedoM kA aitihAsika dRSTi se tulanAtmaka vivecana 87 dRSTAntAbhAsa ke nirUpaNa kA aitihAsika dRSTa se tulanAtmaka avalokana dUSaNa dUSaNAbhAsa kA aitihAsika dRSTi se tulanAtmaka vivecana vAdakathA kA itihAsa 8 60 nigraha sthAna tathA jaya-parAjaya vyavasthA kA tulanAtmaka varNana 65 hemacandra kI pramANa- phala vyavasthA meM unakA vaiyAkaraNa 66 AtmapratyakSa kA vicAra 67 anumAnapramANa kA aitihAsika dRSTi se avalokana 68 diGnAga kA hetucakra pRSThaM paM0 86 12 87 26 60 15 66 14 68 16 66 15 100 14 103 26 108 15 115 28 116 14 136 1 136 11 138 1 142 14

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kalikAlasarvajJazrIhemacandrAcAryaviracitA pramANa mImAMsA svopajJavRttisahitA |

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kalikAlasarvajJazrIhemacandrAcAryaviracitA svopajJavRttisahitA // pramA Na mI mAM sA // anantadarzanejJAnavIryAnandamayAtmane / namo'rhate. kRpAklRptaM dharmatIrthAya tAyine // 1 // bodhibIjamupaskartuM tattvAbhyAsena dhImatAm / jainasiddhAntasUtrANAM sveSAM vRttirvidhIyate // 2 // 61. nanu yadi bhavadIyAnImAni jainasiddhAntasUtrANi tarhi bhavataH pUrva kAni kimIyA- 6 ni vA tAnyAsanniti ? atyalpamidamanvayuGkthAH / pANini - piGgala- kaNAdA-'kSapAdAvibhyo'pi pUrvaM kAni kimIyAni vA vyAkaraNAdisUtrANItyetadapi paryanuyuGkSva ! anAdaya evaitA vidyAH saMkSepavistaravivakSayA navanavIbhavanti tattatkartRkAcocyante / kiM nAzrauSIH 'na kadAcidanIdRzaM jagat' iti ? yadi vA prekSasva vAcakamukhyaviracitAni sakalazAstracUDAmaNibhUtAni tattvArthasUtrANIti / 12. yadyevam-akalaGka-dharmakIrttyAdivat prakaraNameva kiM nArabhyate, kimanayA sUtrakAratvAhopuruSikayA ? maivaM vocaH bhinnaruciyaM janaH tato nAsya svecchApratibandhe laukikaM rAjakIyaM vA zAsanamastIti yatkiJcidetat / 13. tatra varNasamUhAtmakaiH padaiH, padasamUhAtmakaiH sUtraiH sUtrasamUhAtmakaiH prakaraNaiH, - prakaraNasamUhAtmakaiH AhnikaiH, AhnikasamUhAtmakaiH paJcabhiradhyAyaiH zAstrametadaracayadA - 15 cAryaH / tasya ca prekSAvatpravRttyaGgamabhidheyamabhidhAtumidamAdisUtram atha pramANamImAMsA // 1 // 94. atha-ityasya adhikArArthatvAcchAstreNAdhikriyamANasya prastUyamAnasya pramANaspAbhidhAnAt sakalazAstratAtparyavyAkhyAnena prekSAvanto bodhitAH pravartitAzca bhavanti / AnantaryArtho vA aMtha-zabdaH, zabda- kAvya-chandonuzAsanebhyo'nantaraM pramANaM mImAMsyata 20 1 tattvazraddhAnaM sAmAnyajJAnaM vA darzanam / 2 0 racita * / 3 pretya jinadharmaprAptirbodhastasya bIjaM samyaktvam / 4 kasya satkAna ? 5 vRthAbhinivezena / 60 vyAkhyAne prekSA0tA0 / 10

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AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A0 1, sU0 2. ityarthaH / anena zabdAnuzAsanAdibhirasyaikakartRkatvamAha / adhikArArthasya ca atha-zabdasyAnyArthanIyamAnakusumadAmajalakumbhAderdarzanamiva zravaNaM maGgalAyApi kalpata iti / maGgale ca sati paripanthivighnavighAtAt akSepeNa zAstrasiddhiH, AyuSmacchotRkatA ca bhavati / parameSThinamaskArAdikaM tu maGgalaM kRtamapi na nivezitaM lAghavArthinoM sUtrakAreNeti / . 5 65. prakarSeNa saMzayA~divyavacchedena mIyate paricchidyate vastutattvaM yena tat pramANaM pra mAyAM sAdhakatamam , tasya mImAMsA-uddezAdirUpeNa paryAlocanam / trayI hi zAstrasya pravRttiH-uddezo lakSaNaM parIkSA c| tatra nAmadheyamAtrakIrtanamuddezaH, yathA idameva sUtram / uddiSTasyAsAdhAraNadharmavacanaM lakSaNam / tad dvedhA sAmAnyalakSaNaM vizeSalakSaNaM ca / sAmAnya lakSaNamanantarameva sUtram / vizeSalakSaNam "vizadaH pratyakSam" [1.1.13] iti / vibhA10 gastu vizeSalakSaNasyaivAGgamiti na pRthagucyate / lakSitasya 'idamitthaM bhavati nettham' iti nyAyataH parIkSaNaM parIkSA, yathA tRtIyaM sUtram / 66. pUjitavicAravacanazca miimaaNsaa-shbdH| tena na pramANamAtrasyaiva vicArotrAdhikRtaH, kintu tadekadezabhUtAnAM durnayanirAkaraNadvAreNa parizodhitamArgANAM nayAnAmapi-"pra mANanayairadhigamaH" [tattvA0 1.6.] iti hi vAcakamukhyaH, sakalapuruSArtheSu mUrddhAbhiSiktasya 15 sopAryasya sapratipakSasya mokSasya ca / evaM hi pUjito vicAro bhavati / pramANamAtra vicArastu pratipakSanirAkaraNaparyavasAyI vAkalahamAnaM syAt / tadvivakSAyAM tu "atha pramANaparIkSA" [pramANaparI0 pR0 1] ityeva kriyeta / tat sthitametat-pramANanayaparizodhitaprameyamArga sopAyaM sapratipakSaM mokSaM vivakSituM mImAMsAgrahaNamakAryAcAryeNeti // 1 // ... 67. tatra pramANasAmAnyalakSaNamAha20 samyagarthanirNayaH pramANam // 2 // 8. pramANam-iti lakSyanirdezaH, zeSaM lakSaNam , prasiddhAnuvAdena hyaprasiddhasya vidhAnaM lakSaNArthaH / tatra yattadavivAdena pramANamiti dhammi prasiddhaM tasya samyagarthanirNayAtmakatvaM dharmo vidhIyate / atra pramANatvAditi hetuH / na ca dhammiNo hetutvamanupapannam ; bhavati hi vizeSe dhammiNi tatsAmAnyaM hetuH, yathA ayaM dhUmaH sAgniH, dhUmatvAt , pUrvopalabdha25 dhUmavat / na ca dRSTAntamantareNa na gamakatvam / antAyaiva sAdhyasiddheH, 'sAtmakaM jIvaccharIram , prANAdimattvAt' ityAdivaditi darzayiSyate / . 1 asya-zAstrasya / 2AyuSmantaH zrotAro'smin / 3 AdeH stuti-nAmasaGkIrtane / 4-0rthinA zAstrakA - De. mu0| 5 AdigrahaNAt vipryyaandhyvsaayau| 6 saGkhyAdvAreNa bhedakathanaM vibhAgaH, yathA "pramANaM dvaidhaa| pratyakSaM parokSaM ca / " [1.1.9-10] / 7-0stu lkss0-taa0| 8 aGgam-avayavaH kAraNamiti yAvat / 9-0tIyasU0-De0 / 10 parizodhitaH pramANAnAM mArgo'nekAntAtmakaM vastu yaiH| 11 adhigamAya zAstrasya pravRttina vAkalahAya / 12 jJAnadarzanacAritrarUpopAyasahitasya / 13 pratipakSaH sNsaarH| 14 yathA akalaGkena (2) [iyaM TippaNakArasya bhrAntiH mUlAdAyAtA bhaati| vastutaHpramANaparIkSA na akalaGkakRtA kintu. vidyaanndkRtaa-smpaa0]| 15 anekAntAtmakavasturUpo mArgo yasya moksssy| 16 vyaktirUpe dharmiNi, tadyathA vivAdAdhyAsitaM ghaTapratyakSaM samyagarthanirNayAtmakam , prtyksstvaaditi| 17 "na dRSTAnto'numAnAjam" [1. 2. 18] iti suutre| ..

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pramANalakSaNam / ] . pramANamImAMsA / 69. tatra nirNayaH saMzayA'nadhyavasAyAvikalpakatvarahitaM jJAnam / tato nirNaya-padenAjJAnarUpasyendriyasannikarSAdeH , jJAnarUpasyApi saMzayAdeH pramANatvaniSedhaH / / 610. aryate'rthyate vA artho heyopAdeyopekSaNIyalakSaNaH, heyasya hAtum , upAdeyasyopAdAtum , upekSaNIyasyopekSitum aryamAnatvAt / na cAnupAdeyatvAdupekSaNIyo heya evAntarbhavati; aheyatvAdupAdeya evAntarbhAvaprasakteH / upekSaNIya eva ca mUrdAbhiSikto'rthaH, 5 yogibhistasyaivAryamANatvAt / asmadAdInAmapi heyopAdeyAbhyAM bhUyAnevopekSaNIyo'rthaH tannAyamupekSituM kSamaH / arthasya nirNaya iti karmaNi SaSThI, nirNIyamAnatvena vyApyatvAdarthasya / arthagrahaNaM ca svanirNayavyavacchedArtha tasya sato'pyalakSaNatvAditi vakSyAmaH / 611. samyag-ityaviparItArthamavyayaM samaJcatervA rUpam / tacca nirNayasya vizeSaNam , tasyaiva samyaktvA'samyaktvayogena vizeSTumucitatvAt ; arthastu svato na samyag nApya- 10 samyagiti sambhavavyabhicArayorabhAvAna vizeSaNIyaH / tena samyag yorthanirNaya iti vizeSaNAdviparyayanirAsaH / tato'tivyAptyavyAptyasambhavadoSavikalamidaM pramANasAmAnyalakSaNam // 2 // .. 612. nanu arthanirNayavat svanirNayo'pi vRddhaHpramANalakSaNatvenoktaH-"pramANaM svaparAbhAsi" [nyAyAva0 ] iti, "svArthavyavasAyAtmakaM jJAnaM pramANam" [tattvArthazlokaMvA0 15 1.10.77] iti ca / na cAsavisan, 'ghaTamahaM jAnAmi' ityAdau kartRkarmavata jJapterapyavabhAsamAnatvAt / na ca apratyakSopalambhasyArthadRSTiH prasiddhayati / na ca jJAnAntarAt tadpalambhasambhAvanam , tasyApyanupalabdhasya prastutopalambhapratyakSIkArAbhAvAt / upalambhAntarasambhAvane cAnavasthA / arthopalambhAt tasyopalambhe anyonyaashrydossH| etene 'arthasya sambhavo nopapadyeta nai ceta] jJAnaM syAt' ityarthApattyApi tadpalambhaH pratyuktaH tasyA api jhapakatve- 20 nAjJAtAyA jJApakatvAyogAt / arthApatyantarAt tajjJAne anavesthetaretarAzrayadoSApattestadavasthaH paribhavaH / tasmAdarthonmukhatayeva svonmukhatayApi jJAnasya pratibhAsAt svanirNayAtmakatvamapyasti / nanu anubhUteranubhAvyatve ghaTAdivaMdananubhUtitvaprasaGgaH, maivaM vocaH: jJAtuotRtveneva anubhUteranubhUtitvenaivAnubhavAt / na cAnubhUteranubhAvyatvaM doSaH; arthApekSayAnubhUtitvAt , svApekSayA'nubhAvyatvAt , svapitRputrApekSayaikasya putratvapitRtvavat viro- 25 dhAbhAvAt / na ca svAtmani kriyAvirodhaH; anubhavasiddhe'rthe virodhaasiddheH| anumAnAcca svasaMvedanasiddhiH; tathAhi-jJAnaM prakAzamAnamevArtha prakAzayati, prakAzakatvAt , pradIpavat / . 1 prathamAkSasannipAtena yat jJAnam / yadyapyanadhyavasAya eva nirvikalpakaM tathApyAhatya saugatamatanirAkaraNAyAvikalpakatveneti padam / 2-0lptv0-dde| 3 AdipadAt jJAtRvyApAraH / 4 aryamAnatvAt / 5"zakaSa ......" [ haimaza0 5. 4. 90 ] iti tum / 6 yogyaH / 7 tattu nirNa0-tA0 / 8 jaDatvAt / 9 sambhave / amicAre ca vizeSaNamarthavad bhavati / 10 nizcayAtmakam / 11 khanirNayaH / 12 puruSasya / 13 khanirNayopalambha0 / 14 anavasthAdoSeNa / 15 artho'syAstItyevaMrUpo vyavahAraH / 16 na cetat jJA0-De / 17 arthoplmbhoplmbhH| 18 arthApattijJAne / 19 arthApattyantarasyApi jJAnArtha punarapyarthApattyantaraM kalpa(mya)mityanavasthA / 20 yadA tvarthApatyantarasya prastutArthApatteH jJAnaM tdetretraashryH| 21 karmatvAt / .

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AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA / a0 1, A0 1, sU0 3-7. saMvedanasya prakAzyatvAt prakAzakatvamasiddhamiti cet, na; ajJAnanirAsAdidvAreNa prakAzakatvopapatteH / na ca netrAdibhiranaikAntikatA; teSAM bhAvendriyarUpANAmeva prakAzakatvAt / bhAvendriyANAM ca svasaMvedanarUpataiveti na vybhicaarH| tathA, saMvit svaprakAzA, arthapratItitvAt , yaH svaprakAzo na bhavati nAsAvarthapratItiH yathA ghaTaH / tathA, yat jJAnaM 5 tat AtmabodhaM pratyanapekSitaparavyApAram, yathA gocarA~ntaragrAhijJAnot prAgbhAvi gocarAntara pAhijJAnaprabandhasyAntyajJAnam , jJAnaM ca vivAdAdhyAsitaM rUpAdijJAnamiti / saMvit svaprakAze svAvAntarajAtIyaM nApekSate, vastutvAt , ghaTavat / saMvit paraprakAzyA, vastu'tvAt , ghaTavaditi cet, na; asyAprayojakatvAt , na khalu ghaTasya vastutvAt paraprakAzyatA api tu buddhivyatiriktatvAt / tasmAt svanirNayo'pi pramANalakSaNamastvityAzaGyAha10 khanirNayaH sannapyalakSaNam , apramANe'pi bhAvAt // 3 // . 13. sannapi iti paroktamanumodate / ayamarthaH-na hi asti ityeva sarva lakSaNatvena vAcyaM kintu yo dharmoM vipakSAdyAvarttate / svanirNayastu apramANe'pi saMzayAdau varttate nahi kAcit jJAnamAtrA sAsti yA na svasaMviditA nAma / tato na svanirNayo lakSaNa mukto'smAbhiH, vRddhastu parIkSArthamupakSipta ityadoSaH // 3 // 15. 114. nanu ca paricchinnamartha paricchindatA pramANena piSTaM piSTaM syAt / tathA ca gRhItagrAhiNAM dhArAvAhijJAnAnAmapi prAmANyaprasaGgaH / tato'pUrvArthanirNaya ityastu lakSaNama, yathAhu:-"svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmakaM jJAnaM pramANam" [parIkSAmu0 1.1] . iti, "taMtrApUrvArthavijJAnam" iti ca / tatrAha grahISyamANagrAhiNa iva gRhItagrAhiNo'pi nAprAmANyam // 4 // 20 615, ayamarthaH-dravyApekSayA vA gRhItagrAhitvaM vipratiSidhyeta paryAyApekSayA vA ? tatra paryAyApekSayA dhArAvAhijJAnAnAmapi gRhItagrAhitvaM na sambhavati, kSaNikatvAt paryAyANAm / tatkathaM tabhivRttyarthaM vizeSaNamupAdIyeta? atha dravyApekSayA; tadapyayuktam / dravyasya nityatvAdekatvena gRhItagrahISyamANAvasthayona bhedH| tatazca kaM vizeSamAzritya grahISyamANagrAhiNaH prAmANyam, na gRhItagrAhiNaH 1 api ca avagrahehAdInAM gRhIta25 grAhitve'pi prAmANyamiSyata eva / na caiSAM bhinaviSayatvam ; evaM avagRhItasya anIha nAt , Ihitasya anizcayAdasamaJjasamApadyeta / na ca paryAyApekSayA anadhigatavizeSAvasAyAdapUrvArthatvaM vAcyam / evaM hi na kasyacid gRhItagrAhitvamityuktaprAyam / . 1-0miti na ajnyaa0-taa0|3 Ade: saMzayAdinirAsaH / 3 jJAnAntarAnapekSitavyApAram / "ghaTaviSayam / 5-0jnyaanpraa0-dde0|6 kevalAnvabhyanumAnam / 7jJAnAntaram / 8 lakSaNaM vaacyN-dde|9-0vaahikjhaanaadde| 1. svasya apUrvArthasya c| 11 tthaapuu0-dde| taveti pratyaM. bhaTThaH (1) / 11 prAbhAkarAH / 13- hikjnyaa-dde0|14 gRhItArthanAhijJAnanirAsAyetyarthaH / 15 dIyate-De....

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pramANaparIkSA / ] prmaannmiimaaNsaa| 616. smRtezca pramANatvenAbhyupagatAyA gRhItagrAhitvameva satattvam / yairapi smRteraprAmANyamiSTaM tairapyarthAdanutpAda eva hetutvenokto na gRhItagrAhitvam , yadAha "na smRtarapramANatvaM gRhItagrAhitAkRtam / api svanarthajanyatvaM tadaprAmANyakAraNam" [nyAyama* pR0 23] iti // 4 // 617. atha pramANalakSaNapratikSiptAnAM saMzayAnadhyavasAyaviparyayANAM lakSaNamAha- .. anubhayatrobhayakoTisparzI pratyayaH saMzayaH // 5 // . 618. anubhayasvabhAve vastuni ubhayAntaparimarzanazIlaM jJAnaM sarvAtmanA zeta ivAtmA yasmin sati sa saMzayaH, yathA andhakAre dUrAdurdAkAravastUpalambhAt sAdhakabAdhakapramANAbhAve sati 'sthANurvA puruSo vA' iti pratyayaH / anubhayatragrahaNamubhayarUpe vastunyubhayako- 10 TisaMsparze'pi saMzayatvanirAkaraNArtham, yathA 'asti ca nAsti ca ghaTa', 'nityazvAnityadhAtmA' ityAdi // 5 // vizeSAnullekhyanadhyavasAyaH // 6 // 19. dUrAndhakArAdivazAdasAdhAraNadharmAvamarzarahitaH pratyayaH anizcayAtmakatvAt anadhyavasAyaH, yathA 'kimetat' iti / yadapyavikalpakaM prathamakSaNabhAvi pareSAM pratyakSa- 15 pramANatvenAbhimataM tadapyanadhyavasAya eva, vizeSollekhasya tatrApyabhAvAditi // 6 // atasmiMstadeveti viparyayaH // 7 // 20. yat jJAne pratibhAsate tadrUparahite vastuni 'tadeva' iti pratyayo viparyAsarUpatvAdviparyayaH, yathA dhAtuvaiSamyAnmadhurAdirgha dravyeSu tiktAdipratyayaH, timirAdidoSAt ekasminapi candre dvicandrAdipratyayaH, nauyAnAt agacchatsvapi vRkSeSu gacchatpratyayaH, Azubhra- 20 maNAt alAtAdAvacakre'pi cakrapratyaya iti / avasitaM pramANalakSaNam // 7 // 621. nanu astUktalakSaNaM pramANam / tatprAmANyaM tu svataH, parato vA nizcIyeta? na tAvat svataH taddhi zva(sva)saMviditatvAt jJAnamityeva gRhNIyAt, na punaH samyaktvalakSaNaM prAmANyam , jJAnatvamAnaM tu pramANAbhAsasAdhAraNam / api ca svataHprAmANye srvessaamviprtipttiprsnggH| nApi parataH paraM hi tadgocaragocaraM vA jJAnam abhyupeyeta, arthakriyAni saMvA, 25 tadgocaranAntarIyakArthadarzanaM vA ? tacca sarva svato'navadhRtaprAmANyamavyavasthitaM sat kathaM pUrva pravartakaM jJAnaM vyavasthApayet ? svato vA'sya prAmANye ko'parAdhaH pravartakajJAnasya yena tasyApi tatra syAt ? na ca prAmANyaM jJAyate svata ityuktameya, paratastvanavasthetyAzaGkayAha 1 kharUpam / 2 ubhayetyupalakSaNam A(tryA)dikoTisaMsparze'pi saMzayasya sadbhAvAt / 3-0TisaMspa0-De / 4- didrvye0-dde| ulmukaadau| 6 pramANam / taddhi sNvi0-30| 7 tasya prathamajJAnasya gocaro viSayo jalAdiH, sa gocaro yasya dvitIyajJAnasya / 8 tasya jJAnasya gocaro'gnyAdistadavinAbhUto dhUmAdiH / 9 puurvprvrtkjnyaan-20| 10 tat-khataH prAmANyam /

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AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A0 1, sU08-11. - prAmANyanizcayaH svataH parato vA // 8 // 622. prAmANyanizcayaH kvacit svataH yathA'bhyAsadazApanne svakaratalAdijJAne, snAnapAnAvagAhanodanyopazamAdAvarthakriyAni se vA pratyakSajJAne; nahi tatra parIkSAkA sAsti prekSAvatAm , tathAhi-jalajJAnam , tato dAhapipAsAtasya tatra pravRttiH, tatasta5 tprAptiH, tataH snAnapAnAdIni, tato dAhodanyopazama ityetAvataiva bhavati kRtI pramAtA na punardAhodanyopazamajJAnamapi parIkSate ityasya svataH prAmANyam / anumAne tu sarvasminnapi sarvathA nirastasamastavyabhicArAzaGke svata eva prAmANyam , avyabhicAriliGgasamutthatvAt / na liGgAkAraM jJAnaM liGgaM vinA, na ca liGgaM liGginaM vineti / - 623. kvacita parataH prAmANyanizcayaH, yathA anabhyAsadazApanne pratyakSe / nahi tat . 10 arthana gRhItAvyabhicAramiti tadekeviSayAt saMvAdakAt jJAnAntarAdvA, arthakriyAni - sAdvA, nAntarIyArthadarzanAdvA tasya prAmANyaM nishciiyte| teSAM ca svataH praamaannynishcyaanaanvsthaadidausthyaavkaashH| 24. zAbde tu pramANe dRSTArthe'rthAvyabhicArasya durjJAnatvAt saMvAdAdyadhInaH parataH prAmANyanizcayaH, adRSTArthe tu dRSTArthagrahoparAga-naSTa-muSTayAdipratipAdakAnAM saMvAdena 15 prAmANyaM nizcitya saMvAdamantareNApyAptoktatvenaiva prAmANyanizcaya iti sarvamupapannam / - 625. "arthopalabdhihetuH pramANam" iti naiyAyikAH / tatrArthopalabdhau hetutvaM yadi nimittatvamAtram / tadA tat sarvakArakasAdhAraNamiti kartRkarmAderapi prmaanntvprsnggH| atha kartRkarmAdivilakSaNaM karaNaM hetuzabdena vivakSitam / tarhi tat jJAnameva yuktaM nendriya sannikarSAdi, yasmin hi satyartha upalabdho bhavati se tatkaraNam / na ca indriyasannikarSa20 sAmayAdau satyapi jJAnAbhAve sa~ bhavati, sAdhakatamaM hi karaNamavyavahitaphalaM ca tadiSyate, vyavahitaphalasyApi karaNatve dadhibhojanAderapi tthaaprsnggH| tanna jJAnAdanyatra pramANatvam , anyatropacArAt / 626. "samyaganubhavasAdhanaM prmaannm|| [ nyAyasA0 pR0 1] ityatrApi sAdhanagrahaNAt kartRkarmanirAsena karaNasya pramANatvaM sidhyati, tathApyavyavahitaphalatvena 25 sAdhakatamatvaM jJAnasyaiveti tadeva pramANatvenaiSTavyam / ... 627. "pramANamavisaMvAdi jJAnam" [pramANavA0 2. 1] iti saugtaaH| tatrApi yadyavikalpakaM jJAnam tadA na tad vyavahArajananasamartham / sAMvyavahArikasya caitat pramANasya lakSaNamiti ca bhavantaH, tatkathaM tasya prAmANyam ? uttarakAlabhAvino vyavahArajananasamarthAdvikalpAt tasya prAmANye yAcitakamaNDananyAyaH, varaM ca vyavahArahetorvikalpasyaiva 1 lingggrhnnprinnaami| 2 tadekadezaviSa0-De / 3 tadekaviSayasaMvAdakajJAnAntarAdInAm / 5 vAkyAnAm / 5 sa- jJAnalakSaNo'rthaH / tasyopalabdhatvakAraNam / / 7 arthopalambhaH / - saMgato vyavahAraH pryojn]msyeti| avikalpakasya /

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prmaannvibhaagH| __ prmaannmiimaaNsaa| prAmANyamabhyupagantum ; evaM hi paramparAparizramaH parihRto bhavati / vikalpasya cAprAmANye kathaM tannimitto vyavahAro'visaMvAdI 1 dRSTa(zya)vikalpa(lpya)yorarthayorekIkaraNena taimirikajJAnavat saMvAdAbhyupagame copacaritaM saMvAditvaM syAt / tasmAdanupacaritamavisaMvAditvaM pramANasya lakSaNamicchatA nirNayaH pramANameSTavya iti // 8 // 628. pramANasAmAnyalakSaNamuktvA parIkSya ca vizeSalakSaNaM vaktukAmo vibhAga- 5 mantareNa tadvacanasyAzakyatvAt vibhAgapratipAdanArthamAha pramANaM dvidhA // 9 // 629. sAmAnyalakSaNasUtre pramANagrahaNaM parIkSayAntaritamiti na 'tadA' parAmRSTaM kintu sAkSAdevoktaM pramANam iti / dvidhA dviprakArameva, vibhAgasyAvadhAraNaphalatvAt / . tena pratyakSamevaikaM pramANamiti cArvAkAH, pratyakSAnumAnAgamAH pramANamiti vaizeSikAH, 10 tAnyeveti sAGkhyAH , sahopamAnena catvArIti naiyAyikAH, sahArthApatyA paJceti prAbhAkarAH, sahA'bhAvena SaDiti bhATTAH iti nyUnAdhikapramANavAdinaH pratikSiptAH / tatpratikSepazca vakSyate // 9 // .. 630. tarhi pramANadvaividhyaM kiM tathA yathAhuH saugatAH "pratyakSamanumAnaM ca" [pramANasa0 1. 2, nyAyabi0 1.3 / ] iti, utAnyathA ? ityAha 15 pratyakSaM parokSaM ca // 10 // 631. aznute akSNoti vA vyAmoti sakaladravyakSetrakAlabhAvAniti akSo jIvaH, . aznute viSayam iti akSam-indriyaM c| pratiH pratigatArthaH / akSaM pratigataM tadAzritam , akSANi cendriyANi tAni pratigatamindriyANyAzrityojjihIte yat jJAnaM tat pratyakSaM vkssymaannlkssnnm| akSebhyaH parato vartata iti pareNendriyAdinA cokSyata iti parokSaM 20 vakSyamANalakSaNameva / cakAraH svaviSaye dvayostulyabalatvakhyApanArthaH / tena yadAhuH"sakalapramANajyeSThaM pratyakSam" iti tadapAstam / pratyakSapUrvakatvAditarapramANAnAM tasya jyeSThateti cet / na; pratyakSasyApi pramANAntarapUrvakatvopalabdheH, liGgAt AptopadezAdvA vayAdikamavagamya pravRttasya tadviSayapratyakSotpatteH // 10 // 32. na pratyakSAdanyatpramANamiti laukAyatikAH / tatrAha 25 vyavasthAnyadhIniSedhAnAM siddheH pratyakSatarapramANasiddhiH // 11 // 633. pramANApramANavibhAgasya, parabuddheH, atIndriyArthaniSedhasya ca siddhirnAnumAnAdipramANaM vinA / cArvAko hi kAzcijjJAnavyaktIH saMvAditvenAvyabhicAriNIrupalabhyAnyAzca visaMvAditvena vyabhicAriNIH, punaH kAlAntare tAdRzItarANAM jJAnavyaktInAmavazyaM 1 "dRzyavikalpyAvavekIkRtya" -tattvopa0 li. pR0 111; bRhatIpa0 1. 1. 5-pR0 53 -sampA0 / 2'tat zabdena / 3-0kSaM ca paro0-De muka sN-muu0| 4 viSayamindri0-tA0 / 5-0kSamitipUrva0-30 / .

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AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A0 1, sU0 12. pramANetarate vyavasthApayet / na ca sannihitArthaSalenotpadyamAnaM pUrvAparaparAmarzazUnyaM pratyakSaM pUrvAparakAlabhAvinInAM jJAnavyaktInAM prAmANyAprAmANyavyavasthApakaM nimittamupalakSayituM kSamate / na cAyaM svapratItigocarANAmapi jJAnavyaktInAM paraM prati prAmANyamaprAmANyaM vA vyavasthApayituM prabhavati / tasmAdyathAdRSTajJAnavyaktisAdharmyadvAreNedAnIntanajJAnavyaktInAM 5 prAmANyAprAmANyavyavasthApakaM parapratipAdakaM ca parokSAntargatamanumAnarUpaM prmaannaantrmupaasiit| 634. api ca [a]pratipitsitamartha pratipAdayan 'nAyaM laukiko na parIkSaka ityunmattavadupekSaNIyaH syAt / na ca pratyakSeNa paracetovRttInAmadhigamosti / ceSTAvizeSa. darzanAttadavagame ca parokSasya prAmANyamanicchato'pyAyAtam / 10 635. paralokAdiniSedhazca na pratyakSamAtreNa zakyaH kartum , sannihitamAtraviSaya tvAttasya / paralokAdikaM cApratiSidhya nAyaM sukhamAste pramANAntaraM ca necchatIti ddimbhhevaakH| . 636. kizca, pratyakSasyApyAvyabhicArAdeva prAmANyaM taccArthapratibaddhaliGgazabdadvArA samunmajataH parokSasyApyAvyabhicArAdeva kiM neSyate ? vyabhicAriNopi parokSasya 15 darzanAdaprAmANyamiti cet / pratyakSasyApi timirAdidoSAdapramANasya darzanAt sarvatrAprAmA__NyaprasaGgaH / pratyakSAbhAsaM taditi cet ; itaratrApi tulyametadanyatra pakSapAtAt / dharmakIrtirapyetadAha "pramANetarasAmAnyasthiteranyadhiyo gteH| pramANAntarasadbhAvaH pratiSedhAca kasyacit // 1 // arthasyAsambhave'bhAvAt pratyakSe'pi prmaanntaa| pratibaddhasvabhAvasya taddhetutve samaM vyam" // 2 // iti / 37. yathoktasaGkhyAyoge'pi ca parokSArthaviSayamanumAnameva saugatairupagamyate tadayuktam ; zabdAdInAmapi pramANatvAt teSAM cAnumAne'ntarbhAvayitumazakyatvAt / ekena tu sarvasaGkrAhiNA pramANena pramANAntarasaGgrahe nAyaM dossH| tatra yathA indriyajamAnasAtmasaMvedana25 yogijJAnAnAM pratyakSeNa saGgrahastathA smRtipratyabhijJAnohAnumAnAgamAnAM parokSeNa saGgraho lakSaNasyAvizeSAt / smRtyAdInAM ca vizeSalakSaNAni svasthAna eva vakSyante / evaM parokSasyopamAnasya pratyabhijJAne, arthApatteranumAne'ntarbhAvo'bhidhAsyate // 11 // ___638. yattu pramANameva na bhavati na tenAntarbhUtena bahirbhUtena vA kizcit prayojanam , yathA abhAvaH / kathamasyAprAmANyam ? nirviSayatvAt iti brUmaH / tadeva katham ? iti cet bhAvAbhAvAtmakatvAdvastuno nirviSayo'bhAvaH // 12 // 639. nahi bhAvaikarUpaM vastvasti vizvasya vaizvarUpyaprasaGgAt, nApyabhAvaikarUpaM nIrU1 sukhenAste0-De0 / 2 ityatrA0-De / 3-0ve bhAvA0-De0 /

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pratyakSalakSa prmaannmiimaaNsaa| patvaprasaGgAt, kintu svarUpeNa sattvAt pararUpeNa cAsattvAt bhAvAbhAvarUpaM vastu tathaiva pramANAnAM pravRtteH / tathAhi-pratyakSaM tAvat bhUtalamevedaM ghaTAdina bhavatItyanvayavyatirekadvAreNa vastu paricchindat tadadhikaM viSayamabhAvaikarUpaM nirAcaSTa iti kaM viSayamAzrityAbhAvalakSaNaM pramANaM syAt 1 / evaM parokSANyapi pramANAni bhAvAbhAvarUpavastugrahaNapravaNAnyeva, anyathA'saGkIrNasvasvaviSayagrahaNAsiddheH, yadAha "ayameveti yo peSa bhAve bhavati nirnnyH| naiSa vassvantarAbhAvasaMvittyanugamAhate // " iti / [zlokavA0 abhAva0 zlo. 15.] 40. atha bhavatu bhAvAbhAvarUpatA vastunaH, kiM nazcchinnam 1, vayamapi hi tathaiva pratyapIpadAma / kevalaM bhAvAMza indriyasanikRSTatvAt pratyakSapramANagocaraH abhAvAMzastu 10 na tathetyabhAvapramANagocara iti kathamaviSayatvaM syAt ?, taduktam "na tAvadindriyeNaiSA nAstItyutpAdyate matiH / bhAvAMzenaiva saMyogo yogyatvAdindriyasya hi // 1 // gRhItvA vastusadbhAvaM smRtvA ca pratiyoginam / mAnasaM nAstitAjJAnaM jAyate'kSAnapekSayA // 2 // " 15 [zlokavA0 abhAva0 zlo. 18, 27] 41. nanu bhAvAMzAdabhAvAMzasyAbhede kathaM pratyakSeNAgrahaNam 1, bhede vA ghaTAdhabhAva- . rahitaM bhUtalaM pratyakSeNa gRhyata iti ghaTAdayo gRhyanta iti prAptam , tadabhAvograhaNasya tadbhAvagrahaNanAntarIyakatvAt / tathA cAbhAvapramANamapi pazcAtpravRttaM na tAnutsArayituM paTiSThaM syAt, anyArthI saGkIrNasya saGkIrNatAgrahaNAt pratyakSaM bhrAntaM syAt / ____20 . 42. api cAyaM pramANapaJcakanivRttirUpatvAt tucchH| tata evAjJAnarUpaH kathaM pramANaM bhavet ? / tasmAdabhAvAMzAtkathaJcidabhinnaM bhAvAMzaM paricchindatA pratyakSAdinA pramA nAbhAvAMzo gRhIta eveti tadatiriktaviSayAbhAvAnirviSayo'bhAvaH / tathA ca na pramANamiti sthitam // 12 // 643. vibhAgamuktvA vizeSalakSaNamAha- . . 25 vizadaH pratyakSam // 13 // 644. sAmAnyalakSaNAnuvAdena vizeSalakSaNavidhAnAt 'samyagarthanirNayaH' iti pramANasAmAnyalakSaNamanUdya 'vizadaH' iti vizeSalakSaNaM prasiddhasya pratyakSasya vidhIyate / tathA ca pratyakSaM dhrmi| vizadasamyagarthanirNayAtmakamiti sAdhyo dharmaH / pratyakSatvAditi hetuH| yadvizadasamyagarthanirNayAtmakaM na bhavati na tat pratyakSam, yathA parokSamiti vyatirekI / 30 .. 1 ghaTAdi na bhava0 -De0 / 2 tdbhaavgrhnn0-dde0|3 cAbhAvagrahaNamapi-De0 / 4 anyathA saGkI0-De / 5-0dinaabhaavaaN-taa0|6 pramANamiti / vibhaag0-taa| . iti /

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AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A0 1, sU0 14-16. dhammiNo hetutve'nanvayadoSa iti cet / na vizeSe dharmiNi dharmisAmAnyasya hetutvAt / tasya ca vizeSaniSThatvena vizeSeSvanvayasambhavAt / sapakSe vRttimantareNApi ca vipakSaghyAvRttibalAdgamakatvamityuktameva // 13 // 645. atha kimidaM vaizA naam?| yadi svaviSayagrahaNam / tat parokSepyaMkSaNam / atha 5 sphuTatvam tadapi svasaMviditatvAt sarvavijJAnAnAM samamityAzajhyAha prasANAntarAnapekSedantayA pratibhAso vA vaizayam // 14 // 646. prastutAt pramANAd yadanyat pramANaM zabdaliGgAdijJAnaM tat pramANAntaraM tannirapekSatA 'vaizadyam' / nahi zAbdAnumAnAdivat pratyakSaM svotpattau zabdaliGgAdijJAnaM pramANA ntaramapekSate ityekaM vaizadyalakSaNam / lakSaNAntaramapi 'idantayA pratibhAso vA' iti, 10 idantayA vizeSaniSThatayA yaH pratibhAsaH samyagarthanirNayasya so'pi 'vaizadyam' / 'vA'zabdolakSaNAntaratvasUcanArthaH // 14 // 47. atha mukhyasAMvyavahArikabhedena dvaividhyaM pratyakSasya hRdi nidhAya mukhyasya lakSaNamAha tat sarvathAvaraNavilaye cetanasya svarUpAvirbhAvo mukhyaM kevalam // 15 // 15648. 'tat' iti pratyakSapairAmazIrtham, anyathAnantarameva vaizadyamabhisambadhyeta / dIrgha kAlanirantararsatkArAsevitaratnatrayaprakarSaparyante ekatvavitarkAvicAradhyAnabalena niHzeSatayA jJAnAvaraNAdInAM ghAtikarmaNAM prakSaye sati cetanAsvabhAvasyAtmanaH prakAzasvabhAvasyeti yAvat, svarUpasya prakAzasvabhAvasya sata evAvaraNApagamena 'AvirbhAvaH' AvirbhUtaM svarUpaM mukhamiva zarIrasya sarvajJAnAnAM pradhAnaM 'mukhyam' pratyakSam / taccendriyAdisAhAyakavirahAta 20 sakalaviSayatvAdasAdhAraNatvAca 'kevalam' ityAgame prasiddham / 649. prakAzasvabhAvatA kathamAtmanaH siddheti cet ; ete brUmaH-AtmA prakAzasva. bhAvaH, asandigdhasvabhAvatvAt, yaH prakAzasvabhAvo na bhavati nAsAvasandigdhasvabhAvo yathA ghaTaH, na ca tathAtmA, na khalu kazcidahamasmi na veti sandigdhe iti nAsiddho hetuH / tathA, AtmA prakAzasvabhAvaH, boddhRtvAt, yaH prakAzasvabhAvo na bhavati nAsau boddhA yathA ghaTaH, 25 na ca na boddhAtmeti / tathA, yo yasyAH kriyAyAH karttA na sa tadviSayo yathA gatikriyAyAH kartA caitro na tadviSayaH, jJaptikriyAyAH kartA cAtmeti / 650. atha prakAzasvabhAvatva AtmanaH kathamAvaraNam ?, AvaraNe vA satatAvaraNaprasaGgaH, naivam prakAzasvabhAvasyApi candrArkAderiva rajonIhArAbhrapaTalAdibhiriva jJAnA 1 TukSu-ru-kuMka zabde-gaNa-II 26, 27, 28 / uNAdau sthAcatorUJca [185] iti Ne kSuNamaparAdhaH / . 2 zabdAnu0- / 3 pratyakSasya parA0-De / 4 bahumAna / 5 jJAnAvaraNIyAdInAm-De0 /

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mukhyapratyakSasya nirUpaNam / ] . . pramANamImAMsA / varaNIyAdikarmabhirAvaraNasya sambhavAt, candrArkAdevi ca prabalapavamAnaprAyaiAnabhAvanAdibhirvilayasyeti / 51. nanu sAditve syAdAvaraNasyopAyato vilayaH; naivam ; anAderapi suvarNamalasya kSAramRtpuTapAkAdinA vilayopalambhAt , tadvadevAnAderapi jJAnAvaraNIyAdikarmaNaH pratipakSabhUtaratnatrayAbhyAsena vilyopptteH| 652. na cAmUrtasyAtmanaH kathamAvaraNamiti vAcyam ; amUrtIyA api cetanAzaktamadirAmadanakodravAdibhirAvaraNadarzanAt / 53. athAvaraNIyatatpratipakSAbhyAmAtmA vikriyeta na vA ? / kiM cAtaH / "varSAtapAbhyAM kiM vyomnazcarmaNyasti tayoH phalam / carmopamazcet so'nityaH khatulyazcedasatphalaH // " 10 iti cet ; na; asya dUSaNasya kUTasthanityatApakSa eva sambhavAt , pariNAminityazcAtmeti tasya pUrvAparaparyAyotpAdavinAzasahitArnuvRttirUpatvAt , ekAntanityakSaNikapakSayoH sarvathArthakriyAvirahAt , yadAha "arthakriyA na yujyeta nitykssnnikpkssyoH| kramAkramAbhyAM bhAvAnAM sA lakSaNatayA matA // " [ ladhI0 2.1] 15 iti // 15 // 654. nanu pramANAdhInA prmeyvyvsthaa| na ca mukhyapratyakSasya tadvato vA siddhau kizcit prmaannmsti| pratyakSaM hi rUpAdiviSayaviniyamitavyApAra nAtIndriye'rthe pravartitumutsahate / nApyanumAnam , pratyakSadRSTaliGgaliGgisambandhabalo[pa]jananadharmakatvAttasya / / Agamastu yadyatIndriyajJAnapUrvakastatsAdhakaH; tadetaretarAzrayaH- . 20 __ "narte tadAgamAtsidhyena ca tenAgamo vinA / " [ zlokavA0 sU0 2. zlo0 142 ] iti / apauruSeyastu tatsAdhako nAstyeva / yo'pi "apANipAdo dhameno grahItA pazyatyacakSuH sa shRnnotykrnnH| sa vetti vivaM na hi tasya vettA tamAhuragyaM puruSaM mahAntam // " 25 [ zvetAzva0 3. 19. ] ityAdiH kazcidarthavAdarUpo'sti nAsau pramANam vidhAveva prAmANyopagamAt / pramANAntarANAM cAtrAnavasara evetyAzaGkayAha prajJAtizayavizrAntyAdisiddhestatsiddhiH // 16 // 1cndraaderiv-taa0| 2-0pvnpraay0-taa0| 3 vilayasya ceti-De. mu0| 4-0sahiMtAnuvRttarUpa0-De / 5 viSayavinirmita-De. mu0|6 -0balopajanitadha0 -De. mu0 / 7-0shrym-taa0|8 -0pAdau yama0 -tA0 / 9 atra 'javano' ityeva samyak , tasyaiva zaGkareNa vyAkhyAtatvAt / 10 vedya-zvetA /

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AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A0 1, sU0 16. 655. prajJAyA atizayaH- tAratamyaM kvacidvizrAntam , atizayatvAt , parimANAtizayavadityanumAnena niratizayaprajJAsiddhayA tasya kevalajJAnasya siddhiH, tatsiddhirUpatvAt kevalajJAnasiddheH / 'Adi grahaNAt sUkSmAntaritadarArthAH kasyacit pratyakSAH prameyatvAt ghaTavadityato, jyotirjJAnAvisaMvAdAnyathAnupapattezca tatsiddhiH, yadAha "dhIratyantaparokSe'rthe na cet puMsAM kutaH punH| jyotijJAnAvisaMvAdaH zrutAcet sAdhanAntaram // " [siddhivi. pR0 413A ] 56. api ca-"nodanA hi bhUtaM bhavantaM bhaviSyantaM sUkSma vyavahitaM viprakRSTamevajAtIyakamarthamavagamayati nAnyatkiJcanendriyam" - [ zAbara bhA0 1. 1. 2. ] 10 iti vadatA bhUtAdyarthaparijJAnaM kasyacit puMsobhimatameva, anyathA kasmai vedastrikAlaviSayamartha nivedayet / sa hi nivedayaMstrikAlaviSayatattvajJamevAdhikAriNamupAdatte, tadAha "trikAlaviSayaM tattvaM kasmai vedo nivedayet / __ akSayyAvaraNaikAntAna cecheda tathA naraH ||"[siddhivi0 pR. 414A] iti trikaalvissyvstunivednaa'nythaanuppttertiindriykevljnyaansiddhiH| . 15657. kiJca, pratyakSAnumAnasiddhasaMvAdaM zAstramevAtIndriyArthadarzisadbhAve pramANam / - ya eva hi zAstrasya viSayaH syAdvAdaH sa eva pratyakSAderapIti saMvAdaH, tathAhi "sarvamasti svarUpeNa pararUpeNa nAsti ca / anyathA sarvasattvaM syAt svarUpasyApyasambhavaH // " iti dizA pramANasiddha syAdvAdaM pratipAdayabhAgamo'rhatassarvajJatAmapi pratipAdayati, 20 yadastuma "yadIyasamyaktvabalAt pratImo bhavAdRzAnAM paramAtmabhAvam / kuvAsanApAzavinAzanAya namo'stu tasmai tava zAsanAya // " iti / pratyakSaM tu yadyapyandriyi(ya)kaM nAtIndriyajJAnaviSayaM tathApi samAdhibalalabdhajanmakaM 25 yogipratyakSameva bAhyArthasyeva svasyApi vedakamiti pratyakSato'pi tatsiddhiH / 658. atha "jJAnamatighaM yasya vairAgyaM ca jgtpteH| aizvarya caiva dharmazca sahasiddhaM catuSTayam // " iti vacanAtsarvajJatvamIzvarAdInAmastu mAnuSasya tu kasyacidvidyAcaraNavatopi tadasambhAva30 nIyam , yatkumArila: "athApi vedadehatvAd brhmvissnnumheshvraaH| kAmaM bhavantu sarvajJAH sArvazyaM mAnuSasya kim ? // " [tatvasa0 kA0 3208] 1-0janmakayogi0-De. mu0|1 aprtighaatm| [ayoga0 21]

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mukhyapratyakSasya nirUpaNam / . prmaannmiimaaNsaa| iti ; AH ! sarvajJApalApapAtakin ! durvadavAdin ! mAnuSatvanindArthavAdApadezena devAdhidevAnadhikSipasi ? / ye hi janmAntarArjitorjitapuNyaprAgyArAH surabhavabhavamanupamaM sukhamanubhUya duHkhapaGkamagnamakhilaM jIvalokamuddidhIrSavo narakeSvapi kSaNaM kSiptasukhAsikAmRtavRSTayo manuSyalokamavateruH janmasamayasamakAlacalitAsanasakalasurendravRndavihitajanmotsavAH kiGkarAyamANasurasamUhAhamahamikArabdhasevAvidhayaH svayamupanatAmatiprAjyasAmrAjya- 5 zriyaM tRNavadavadhUya samatRNamaNizatrumitravRttayo nijaprabhAvaprazamitetimaraMkAdijagadupadravAH zukladhyAnAnalanirdagdhaghAtikarmANa AvirbhUtanikhilabhAvAbhAvasvabhAvAvamAsikevalabaladalitasakalajIvalokamohaprasarAH surAsuravinirmitAM samavasaraNabhuvamadhiSThAya svasvabhASApariNAminIbhirvAgbhiH pravartitadharmatIrthAzcatustriMzadaitizayamayIM tIrthanAthatvalakSmImupabhujya paraM brahma satatAnandaM sakalakarmanirmokSamupeyivAMsastAnmAnuSatvAdisAdhAraNadharmopadezenApa- 10 vadana sumerumapi leSTvAdinA sAdhAraNIkatuM pArthivatvenApavadeH / kiJca, anavaratavanitAGgasambhogadurlalitavRttInAM vividhahetisamUhadhAriNAmakSamAlAdyAyattamanaHsaMyamAnAM rAgadveSamohakaluSitAnAM brahmAdInAM sarvavittvasAmrAjyam !, yadavadAma stutau "madena mAnena manobhavena krodhena lobhena sasammadena / parAjitAnAM prasabhaM surANAM vRthaiva sAmrAjyarujA pareSAm // " 15 [ ayoga-25] 1 ativRSTiranAvRSTirmUSakAH zalabhAH zukAH ___ khacakra paracakraM ca saptaitA ItayaH smRtAH // -mu-Ti. 2 marako maariH| 3 atizayAH 34 "teSAM ca dehodbhutarUpagandho nirAmayaH svedalavojjhitazca / zvAso'bjagandho rudhirAbhiSaM tu gokSIradhArAdhavalaM hyavisram // 1 // AhAranIhAravidhistvadRzyazcatvAra ete'tizayAH shotthaaH| kSetre sthitiryojanamAtrake'pi nRdevatiryagjanakoTikoTeH // 2 // vANI nRtiryaksuralokabhASA saMvAdinI yojanagAminI ca / bhAmaNDalaM cAru ca maulipRSThe viDambitAharpatimaNDaladhi // 3 // sAgre ca ganyUtizatadvaye rujA vairetayo maarytivRssttyvRssttyH| durmikSamanyasvakacakrato bhayaM syAbheta ekAdaza karmaghAtajAH // 4 // khe dharmacakraM camarAH sapAdapIThaM mRgendrAsanamujjvalaM ca / chatratrayaM ratnamayadhvajo'ghrinyAse ca cAmIkarapaGkajAni // 5 // vapratrayaM cAru caturmukhAgatA caityadvamo'dhovadanAzca kaNTakAH / bAda uccakairvAto'nukUlaH zakunAH pradakSiNAH // 6 // gandhAmbuvarSa bahuvarNapuSpavRSTiH kcshmshrunkhaaprvRddhiH|| caturvidhAmartya nikAyakoTirjaghanyabhAvAdapi pArzvadeze // 7 // RtuuNnaamindriyaarthaanaamnukuultvmitymii| .. ekonaviMzatirdaivyAzcatustriMzaca mIlitAH // 8 // " [abhidhA0 1. 56-63 ] mu-Ti. 4 lomena ca smm0-dde|

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14 AcAryazrI hemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A0 1, sU0 17-19. iti / athApi tagAdidoSakAluSyavirahitAH satatajJAnAnandamayamUrtayo brahmAdayaH; tarhi tAdRzeSu teSu na vipratipadyAmahe, avocAma hi "catra tatra samaye yathA tathA yo'si so'syabhidhayA yayA tayA / bItadoSa kaSaH sa cedbhavAneka eva bhagavannamo'stu te // " [ ayoga- 31] 5 iti / kevalaM brahmAdevatAviSayANAM zrutismRtipurANetihAsakathAnAM vaitathyamAsajyeta tadevaM sAdhakebhyaH pramANebhyo'tIndriyajJAnasiddhiruktA // 16 // bAdhakAbhAvAcca // 17 // 659. sunizciMtAsambhavadvAdhakatvAt sukhAdivat tatsiddhiH iti sambadhyate / tathAhi 10 kevalajJAnabAdhakaM bhavat pratyakSaM vA bhavet pramANAntaraM vA 1 / na tAvat pratyakSam ; tasya vidhAvevAdhikArAt "sambaddhaM vartamAnaM ca gRhyate cakSurAdinA / " [ zlokabA0 sU0 4. zlo0 84 ] iti svayameva bhASaNAt / $60. atha na pravartamAnaM pratyakSaM tadvAdhakaM kintu nivartamAnam tat ; hiM (ddhi) yadi 15 niyata dezakAlaviSayatvena bAdhakaM tarhi sampratipadyAmahe / atha sakaladezakAlaviSayatvena; tarhi na tat sakaladezakAlapuruSa pariSatsAkSAtkAramantareNa sambhavatIti siddhaM naH samIhitam / na ca jaiminiranyo vA sakaladezAdisAkSAtkArI sambhavati sattvapuruSatvAdeH rathyApuruSavat / atha mahAyAH sAtizayatvAttatprakarSo'pyanumIyate tarhi tata eva sakalArtha - darzI kiM nAnumIyate 1 / svapakSe cAnupalambhamapramANayan sarvajJAbhAve kutaH pramANayeda20 vizeSAt ? / 61. na cAnumAnaM tadbAdhakaM sambhavatiH dharmigrahaNamantareNAnumAnApravRtteH, dhammigrahaNe vA tadgrAhaka pramANabAdhitatvAdanutthAnamevAnumAnasya / atha vivAdAdhyAsitaH puruSaH sarvajJo na bhavati vaktRtvAt puruSatvAdvA rathyApuruSavadityanumAnaM tadvAdhakaM brUSe ; tadasat ; yato yadi pramANaparidRSTArthavaktRtvaM hetuH tadA viruddhaH, tAdRzasya vaktRtvasya sarvajJa eva 25 bhAvAt / athAsadbhUtArthavaktRtvam ; tadA siddhasAdhyatA, pramANaviruddhArthavAdinAmasarvajJatveneSTatvAt / vaktRtvamAtraM tu sandigdhavipakSavyAvRttikatvAdanaikAntikam jJAnaprakarSe vaktRtvApa - karSAdarzanAt, pratyuta jJAnAtizayavato vaktRtvAtizayasyaivopalabdheH / etena puruSatvamapi nirastam / puruSatvaM hi yadi rAgAdyadUSitaM tadA viruddham, jJAnavairAgyAdiguNayuktapuruSatvasya sarvajJatAmantareNAnupapatteH / rAgAdidUSite tu puruSatve siddhasAdhyatA / . puruSatvasAmAnyaM tu 30 sandigdhavipakSavyAvRttikamityabAdhakam / 1 pramANopapanna0 / 2 nivartamAnam / ( taddhi ) yadi mu0 / 3 - 0 sAkSAtkaraNama0 - De0 !

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15 mukhyapratyakSasya nirUpaNam / ] prmaannmiimaaNsaa| 62. nApyAgamastadbAdhakaH tsyaapaurusseysyaasmbhvaat| sambhave vA tabAdhakasya tasyAdarzanAt / sarvajJopajJazcAgamaH kathaM tadbAdhakaH 1, ityalamatiprasaGgeneti // 17 // 663. na kevalaM kevalameva mukhyaM pratyakSamapi tvanyadapItyAha tattAratamye 'vadhimanaHparyAyau ca // 18 // 664. sarvathAvaraNavilaye kevalam , tasyAvaraNavilayasya 'tAratamye' AvaraNakSayo- 5 pazamavizeSe tannimittakaH 'avadhiH' avadhijJAnaM 'manaHparyAya:' manaHparyAyajJAnaM ca mukhyamindriyAnapekSaM pratyakSam / tatrAvadhIyata iti 'avadhiH' maryAdA sA ca "rUpiyavadheH" [ tattvA0 1.28 ] iti vacanAt rUpavadrvyaviSayA avadhyupalakSitaM jnyaanmpyvdhiH| sa dvedhA bhavapratyayo guNapratyayazca / tatrAdyo devanArakANAM pakSiNAmiva viyadgamanam / guNapratyayo manuSyANAM tirazvAM c| - 10 665. manaso dravyarUpasya paryAyAzcintanAnuguNAH pariNAmabhedAstadviSayaM jJAnaM 'manaH- ' paryAyaH / tathAvidhamanaHparyAyAnyathAnupapazyA tu yadbAhyacintanIyArthajJAnaM tat AnumAnikameva na manaHparyAyapratyakSam, yadAhuH "jANai bjmennumaannennN|" [vizeSA* gA0 814 ] iti / 66. nanu rUpidravyaviSayatve kSAyopazamikatve ca tulye ko vizeSo'vadhimana:- 15 paryAyayorityAha vizuddhikSetrasvAmiviSayabhedAt tadbhedaH // 19 // .667. satyapi kathaJcitsAdharmya vizuddhayAdibhedAdavadhimanaHparyAyajJAnayorbhedaH / tatrAvadhijJAnAnmanaHpayoyajJAnaM vizuddhataram / yAni hi manodravyANi avadhijJAnI jAnIte tAni manaHparyAyajJAnI vizuddhatarANi jAnIte / 20 668. kSetrakRtazcAnayorbhedaH-avadhijJAnamaGgulasyAsaGkhyabhAgAdiSu bhavati A sarvalokAt , manaHparyAyajJAnaM tu manuSyakSetra eva bhavati / ___669. svAmikRto'pi-avadhijJAnaM saMyatasyAsaMyatasya saMyatAsaMyatasya ca sarvagatiSu bhavati; manaHparyAyajJAnaM tu manuSyasaMyatasya prakRSTacAritrasya pramattAdiSu kSINakaSAyAnteSu guNasthAnakeSu bhavati / tatrApi vardhamAnapariNAmasya netarasya / vardhamAnapariNAmasyApi 25 RddhiprAptasya netarasya / RddhiprAptasyApi kasyacinna sarvasyeti / ____70. viSayakRtazca-rUpavadravyeSvasarvaparyAyeSvavadheviSayanibandhastadanantabhAMge mana:paryAyasya iti / avasitaM mukhyaM pratyakSam // 19 // 1 upajJA jJAnamAdyaM syAt-ami* 6. 9-sampA0 / 2 aSTAdazaM ekonaviMzatitamaM ceti sUtradvayaM tA- mU0 pratau bhadekacihaM vinA ekasUtratvena likhitaM dRshyte| 3 kSetratazca-tA0 / 4 mnolkssnne|

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AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A0 1, sU0 20-21. 71. atha sAMvyavahArikamAhaindriyamanonimitto'vagrahahAvAyadhAraNAtmA sAMvyavahArikam // 20 // 672. indriyANi sparzanAdIni vakSyamANalakSaNAni, manazca nimittaM kAraNaM yasya sa tathA / sAmAnyalakSaNAnuvRtteH samyagarthanirNayasyedaM vizeSaNaM tena 'indriyamanonimittaH' 5 smygrthnirnnyH| kAraNamuktvA svarUpamAha-'avagrahehAvAyadhAraNAtmA' / avagrahAdayo vakSyamANalakSaNAH ta AtmA yasya so'vagrahahAvAyadhAraNAtmA / 'Atma'grahaNaM ca krameNotpadyamAnAnAmapyavagrahAdInAM nAtyantiko bhedaH kintu pUrvapUrvasyottarottararUpatayA pariNAmAdekAtmakatvamiti pradarzanArtham / samIcInaH pravRttinivRttirUpo vyavahAraH saMvyavahAra statprayojanaM 'sAMvyavahArikam' pratyakSam / indriyamanonimittatvaM ca samastaM vyastaM ca 10 boddhavyam / indriyaprAdhAnyAt manobalAdhAnAcotpadyamAna indriyajaH / manasa eva vizuddhisavyapekSAdupajAyamAno manonimitta iti / 673. nanu svasaMvedanarUpamanyadapi pratyakSamasti tat kasmAtroktam ?, iti na "vAcyam ; indriyajajJAnasvasaMvedanasyendriyapratyakSe, anindriyajasukhAdisaMvedanasya manaH pratyakSe, yogipratyakSasvasaMvedanasya yogipratyakSe'ntarbhAvAt / smRtyAdisvasaMvedanaM tu mAna15 sameveti nAparaM svasaMvedanaM nAma pratyakSamastIti bhedena noktam // 20 // 74. indriyetyuktamitIndriyANi lakSayatisparzarasagandharUpazabdagrahaNalakSaNAni sparzanarasanaghrANacakSuH zrotrANIndriyANi dravyabhAvabhedoni // 21 // 675. sparzAdigrahaNaM lakSaNaM yeSAM tAni yathAsaGkhyaM sparzanAdInIndriyANi, tathAhi 20 spAyupalabdhiH karaNapUrvA kriyAtvAt chidikriyAvat / tatrendreNakarmaNA sRSTAnIndriyANi nAmakarmodayanimittatvAt / indrasyAtmano liGgAni vA, karmamalImasasya hi svayamarthAnupalabdhumasamarthasyAtmano'rthopalabdhau nimittAni indriyANi / .676. nanvevamAtmano'rthajJAnamindriyAt liGgAdupajAyamAnamAnumAnikaM syAt / tathA ca linggaaprijnyaane'numaanaanudyaat| tasyAnumAnAtparijJAne'navasthAprasaGgaH, naivam ; bhAve25 ndriyasya svasaMviditatvenAnavasthAnavakAzAt / yadvA, indrasyAtmano liGgAnyAtmagamakAni indriyANi karaNasya vAsyAdivatkadhiSThitatvadarzanAt / 677. tAni ca dravyabhAvarUpeNa bhidyante / tatra dravyendriyANi nAmakarmodayanimi 4 indriyANi' 1 indriyjnyaa-taa| 2-0sukhaadikhsN0-mu0| 3 bhedenoktam-De0 mu0 / ityantamekaM 'bhedAni' ityantaM ca aparam iti sUtradvayaM saM-mU0pratau dRshyte|

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sAMvyavahArikapratyakSam / prmaannmiimaaNsaa| .. sAni, bhAvendriyANi punastadAvaraNavIryAntarAyakSayopazamanimittAni / saiSA paJcasUtrI sparzagrahaNalakSaNaM sparzanendriyaM, rasagrahaNalakSaNaM rasanendriyamityAdi / sakalasaMsAriSu bhAvAccharIravyApakatvAcca sparzanasya pUrva nirdezaH, tataH krameNAlpAlpajIvaviSayatvAdrasanaghrANacakSuHzrotrANAm / 6.78. tatra sparzanendriyaM tadAvaraNakSayopazamasambhavaM pRthivyaptejovAyuvanaspatInAM 5 zeSendriyAvaraNavatAM sthAvarANAM jIvAnAm / teSAM ca "puDhavI cittamantamakkhAyA" [ dazavai0 4.1 ] ityaaderaaptaagmaasiddhiH| anumAnAca-jJAnaM kvacidAtmani paramApakarSavat / apakRSyamANavizeSatvAt parimANavat , yatra tadapakarSaparyantasta ekendriyAH sthaavraaH| na ca sparzanendriyasyApyabhAve bhasmAdiSu jJAnasyApakarSoM yuktH| tatra hi jJAnasyAbhAva eva na punarapakarSastato yathA gaganaparimANAdArabhyApakRSyamANavizeSa parimANaM paramANau 10 paramApakarSavat tathA jJAnamapi kevalajJAnAdArabhyApakRSyamANavizeSamekendriyeSvatyantamapakRSyate / pRthivyAdInAM ca pratyekaM jIvatvasiddhirane vakSyate / sparzanarasanendriye kRmiapAdikA-nUpuraka-gaNDUpada-zaGkha-zuktikA-zambUkA-jalUkAprabhRtInAM sAnAm / sparzanarasana-ghrANAni pipIlakA-rohaNikA-upacikA-kunthu-tubareka-trapuMsa-bIja-kAsAsthikA-zatapadI-ayenaka-tRNapatra-kASThahArakAdInAm / sparzana-rasana-ghrANa-caDhUMSi bhramara-vaTera-sAraGga- 15 makSikA-puttikA-daMza-mazaka-vRzcika-nandyAvartta-kITaka-pataGgAdInAm / saha zrotreNa tAni matsya-uraga-bhujaga-pakSi-catuSpadAnAM tiryagyonijAnAM sarveSAM ca nArakamanuSyadevAnAmiti / 79. nanu vacanAdAnaviharaNotsargAnandahetavo vAkpANipAdapAyUpasthalakSaNAnyapIndriyANIti sAGkhyAstatkathaM pazcaivendriyANi ? ; na; jJAnavizeSahetUMnAmevehendriyatvenAdhikRtatvAt, ceSTAvizeSanimittatvenendriyatvakalpanAyAmindriyAnantyaprasaGgaH, ceSTAvi- 20 zeSANAmanantatvAt , tasmAdhyaktinirdezAt pazcaivendriyANi / 680. teSAM ca parasparaM syAdabhedo dravyArthAdezAt , syAdbhedaH paryAyArthAdezAt , abhedaikAnte hi sparzanena sparzasyeva rasAderapi grhnnprsnggH| tathAcendriyAntarakalpanA vaiyarthyam , kasyacit sAkalye vaikalye vAnyeSAM sAkalyavaikalyaprasaGgazca / bhedaikAnte'pi teSAmekaMtra sakala(saGkalana)jJAnajanakatvAbhAvaprasaGgaH santAnAntarendriyavat / manastasya janaka- 25 miti cet / na tasyendriyanirapekSasya tajanakatvAbhAvAt / indriyApekSa mano'nusandhAnasya janakamiti cet santAnAntarendriyApekSasya kuto na janakatvamiti vAcyam / pratyAsatterabhAvAditi cet, atra kA pratyAsattiranyatraikadravyatAdAtmyAt ?, pratyAsattyantarasya ca 1 rohiNikAcikA-De / 2 tubarakA.-tA0 / tuNburk-muH| 3 tripusa-De / 4 biijkkaa.taa0| 5 vaThara-De / 6 pustitrikA-De / pustikaa-mu0|7 hetUni vAk-De / 8-0hetuunaamevendri0-taa| 9-0bhedaat-dde0| 10 "teSAmekatvasaGkalanajJAnajanakatvAbhAvaprasaGgAt"-tattvArthazlokavA0 pR. 327 / 11-0sya vya0-tA.... .. . .. . . . /

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. 18 AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A0 1, sU0 22-25. vyabhicArAditi / etena teSAmAtmanA bhedAbhedaikAntau prativyUDhau / AtmanA karaNAnAmabhedaikAnte kartRtvaprasaGgaH, Atmano vA karaNatvaprasaGgaH, ubhayorubhayAtmakatvaprasaGgo vA, vizeSAbhAvAt / tatasteSAM bhedaikAnte cAtmanaH karaNatvAbhAvaH santAnAntarakaraNavadviparyayo veti pratItisiddhatvAdAdhakAbhAvAccAnekAnta evaashrynniiyH| 5 . 681. dravyendriyANAmapi parasparaM svArambhakapudgaladravyebhyazca bhedAbhedadvArAnekAnta eva yuktaH, pudgaladravyArthAdezAdabhedasya paryAyArthAdezAcca bhedasyopapadhamAnatvAt / - 682. evamindriyaviSayANAM sparzAdInAmapi dravyaparyAyarUpatayA bhedAbhedAtmakatvamavaseyam , tathaiva nirbaadhmuplbdheH| tathA ca na dravyamAnaM paryAyamAnaM vendriyaviSaya iti spodInAM karmasAdhanatvaM bhAvasAdhanatvaM ca draSTavyam // 21 // 10 683. 'dravyabhAvabhedAni' ityuktaM tAni krameNa lakSayati . dravyendriyaM niyatAkArAH pudgalAH // 22 // 5 84. 'dravyendriyam' ityekavacanaM jAtyAzrayaNAt / niyato viziSTo bAhya AbhyantarazcAkAraH saMsthAnavizeSo yeSAM te 'niyatAkArA' pUraNagalanadharmANaH sparzarasagandhavaNeva ntaH 'pudgalAH', tathAhi zrotrAdiSu yaH karNazaSkulIprabhRtirbAhyaH pudgalAnAMpracayo yazcAbhyantaraH 15 kadambagolakAdyAkAraH sa sarvo dravyendriyam , pudgaladravyarUpatvAt / aprAdhAnye vA dravya zabdo yathA aGgAramaIko dravyAcArya iti / apradhAnamindriyaM dravyendriyam , vyApAravatyapi tasmin sannihite'pi cAlokaprabhRtini sahakAripaTale bhAvendriyaM vinA sparzAdhupalabdhyasiddheH // 22 // bhAvendriyaM labdhyupayogau // 23 // 20 685. lambhanaM 'labdhiH' jJAnAvaraNakarmakSayopazamavizeSaH / yatsabhidhAnAdAtmA dravye ndriyanivRttiM prati vyApriyate tanimitta AtmanaH pariNAmavizeSa upyogH| atrApi 'bhAvendriyam' ityekavacanaM jAtyAzrayaNAt / bhaavshbdo'nupsrjnaarthH| yathaivendanadharmayogitvenAnupacaritendratvo bhAvendra ucyate tathaivendraliGgatvAdidharmayogenAnupacaritendraliGgatvAdi dharmayogi 'bhAvendriyam / 5 686. tatra labdhisvabhAvaM tAvadindriyaM svArthasaMvittAvAtmano yogyatAmAdadhadbhAvendriyatAM pratipadyate / nahi tatrAyogyasya tadutpattirAkAzavadupapadyate svArthasaMvidyogyataiva ca labdhiriti / upayogasvabhAvaM punaH svArthasaMvidi vyApArAtmakam / nayavyApRtaM sparzanodisaMvedanaM sparzAdi prakAzayituM zaktam , suSuptAdInAmapi ttprkaashktvmaapteH| 1 dvAviMzatitamaM trayoviMzatitamaM ca sUtradvayamekatvena tA-mU0 pratau dRzyate / 2.0labdhyayogyatayA siddheHtaa0|3-0dhaanaadvaatmaa-dde0 / dhaanaadhyaatmaa-mu0| 4.prAdhAnyArthaH / 5 spaadi0-taa| ..

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sAMvyavahArikapratyakSam / ] pramANamImAMsA / 387. svArthaprakAzane vyApRtasya saMvedanasyopayogatve phalatvAdindriyatvAnupapattiriti cet ; na; kAraNadharmasya kArye'nuvRtteH / nahi pAvakasya prakAzakatve tatkAryasya pradIpasya prakAzakatvaM virudhyate / na ca yenaiva svabhAvenopayogasyendriyatvam , tenaiva phalatvamidhyate yena virodhaH syAt / sAdhakatamasvabhAvena hi tasyendriyatvaM kriyArUpatayA ca phalatvam / yathaiva hi pradIpaH prakAzAtmanA prakAzayatItyatra sAdhakatamaH prakAzAtmA karaNam , 5 kriyAtmA phalam, svatantratvAcca karteti sarvamidamanekAntavAde na durlabhamityalaM prsnggen||23|| 88. 'manonimittaH' ityuktamiti mano lakSayati sarvArthagrahaNaM manaH // 24 // 689. sarve na tu sparzanAdInAM sparzAdivat pratiniyatA evArthA gRhyante'neneti 'sarvArthagrahaNaM manaH' 'anindriyam' iti 'noindriyam' iti cocyate / sarvArtha mana 10 ityucyamAne Atmanyapi prasaGga iti karaNatvapratipAdanArtha 'grahaNam' ityuktam / AtmA tu karteti nAtivyAptiH, sarvArthagrahaNaM ca manasaH prasiddhameva / yat vAcakamukhyaH "zrutamanindriyasya / " [ tattvA0 2.22 ] zrutamiti hi viSayiNA viSayasya nirdezaH / upalakSaNaM ca zrutaM mateH tena matizrutayoryoM viSayaH sa manaso viSaya ityarthaH / "matizrutayornibandho dravyeSvasarvaparyAyeSu" [ tattvA0 1.27 ] iti vAcakavacanAnmatizrutajJAnayoH sarvaviSayatva 15 miti manaso'pi sarvaviSayatvaM siddham / ___690. mano'pi paiJcendriyavad dravyabhAvamedAt dvividhmev| tatra dravyamano manastvena pariNatAni pudgaladravyANi / bhAvamanastu tadAvaraNIyakarmakSayopazamAtmA labdhirAtmanathArthagrahaNonmukho vyApAravizeSa iti // 24 // ___691. nanvatyalpamidamucyate 'indriyamanonimittaH' iti / anyadapi hi cakSurjJAnasya 20 nimittamartha AlokazcAsti, yadAhuH - "rUpAlokamanaskAracakSuryaH sampraijAyate / . vijJAnaM maNisUryAzugozakRdabhya ivAnalaH // " ityatrAha nArthAloko jJAnasya nimittamavyatirekAt // 25 // 692. bAhyo viSayaH prakAzazca na cakSurjJAnasya sAkSAtkAraNam , dezakAlAdivattu vyavahitakAraNatvaM na nivAryate, jJAnAvaraNAdikSayopazamasAmayAmArAdupakAritvenAJjanAdivaccakSurupakAritvena cAbhyupagamAt / kutaH punaH sAkSAnna kAraNatvamityAha-'avyatirekAt' dhyatirekAbhAvAt / na hi tadbhAve bhAvalakSaNo'nvaya eva hetuphalabhAvanizcayanimittam , 1 mibandhaH sarvadravye0- tattvA0 / 2 manopi cendri0-30 / 3 sNprbrtte|

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AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [ a0 1, A0 1, sU0 25-28. api tu tadabhAve'bhAvalakSaNo vyatireko'pi / na cAsAvalokayorhetubhAve'sti; marumarIcikAdau jalAbhAve'pi jalajJAnasya, vRSadaMzAdInAM cAlokAbhAve'pi sAndratamatamaHpaTalaviliptadezagatavastupratipattezca darzanAt / yoginAM cAtItAnAgatArthagrahaNe kimarthasya nimittatvam ? / nimittatve cArthakriyAkAritvena sattvAdatItAnAgatatvakSatiH / 5 693. na ca prakAzyAdAtmalAbha eva prakAzakasya prakAzakatvam , pradIpAderghaTAdibhyo 'nutpannasyApi tatprakAzakatvadarzanAt / IzvarajJAnasya ca nityatvenAbhyupagatasya kathamarthajanyatvaM nAma ? / asmAdAdInAmapi janakasyaiva grAhyatvAbhyupagame smRtipratyabhijJAnAdeH pramANasyAprAmANyaprasaGgaH / yeSAM caikAntakSaNiko'rtho janakazca grAhyaM iti darzanam teSAmapi janyajanakayorjJAnArthayobhinnakAlatvAnna grAhyagrAhakabhAvaH sambhavati / atha na janyajanaka10 bhAvAtiriktaH sandaMzAyogolakavat jJAnArthayoH kazcid grAhyagrAhakabhAva iti matam , "bhinnakAlaM kathaM grAhyamiti ced grAhyatAM viduH|| hetutvameva yuktijJA jJAnAkArArpaNakSamam" [pramANavA0 3. 247]. iti vacanAt ; tarhi sarvajJajJAnasya vArtamAnikArthaviSayatvaM na kathaJcidupapadyate vArtamAnika kSaNasyAjanakatvAt ajanakasya cAgrahaNAt / svasaMvedanasya ca svarUpAjanyatve kathaM grAhakatvaM 15 svarUpasya vA kathaM grAhyatvamiti cintyam / tasmAt svasvasAmagrIprabhavayordIpaprakAzaghaTayoriva jJAnArthayoH prakAzyaprakAzakabhAvasambhavAna jJAnanimittatvamarthAlokayoriti sthitam / 694. nanvarthAjanyatve jJAnasya kathaM pratikarmavyavasthA ?, tadutpattitadAkAratAbhyAM hi sopapadyate, tasmAdanutpannasyAtadAkArasya ca jJAnasya sarvArthAn pratyavizeSAt ; naivam / tadutpattimantareNApyAvaraNakSayopazamalakSaNayA yogyatayaiva pratiniyatArthaprakAzakatvopapatteH / 20 tadutpattAvapi ca yogyatAvazyAzrayaNIyA, anyathA'zeSArthasAnnidhye'pi kutazcidevArthAt ka syacideva jJAnasya janmeti kautaskuto'yaM vibhAgaH / tadAkAratA tvarthAkArasAntyA tAvadanupapannA, arthasya nirAkAratvaprasaGgAt / arthena ca mUrtenAmUrtasya jJAnasya kIdRzaM sAhazyamityarthavizeSagrahaNapariNAma eva sAbhyupeyA / aMtaH "arthena ghaTayatyenAM nahi muktvA'rtharUpatAm" [pramANa vA0 3.305 ] 25 iti yatkiJcidetat / 695. api ca vyaste samaste vaite grahaNakAraNaM syAtAm / yadi vyaste; tadA kapAlAdhakSaNo ghaTAntyakSaNasya, jalacandro vA nabhazcandrasya grAhakaH prAmoti, tadutpattestadAkAratvAcca / atha samaste; tarhi ghaTottarakSaNaH pUrvaghaTakSaNasya grAhakaH prasajati / jJAnarUpatve satyete grahaNakAraNamiti cet tarhi samAnajAtIyajJAnasya samanantarapUrvajJAnagrAhakatvaM prasa30 jyeta / tanna yogyatAmantareNAnyad grahaNakAraNaM pshyaamH|| 25 // . 10vilupta / 2 kimarthanimi-tA0 / 3 prakA: dAtma0-tA0 / 4 grAhyata iti-De / 5 sArvajJa0-De / tasmAt svasAma0-De0 / 7-0prabhavayoH prkaa0-dde|8-0nnaam sa evAbhyu0-tA018-0peyA tataH-De /

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sAMvyavahArikapratyakSam / ] prmaannmiimaaNsaa| 696. 'avagrahehAvAyadhAraNAtmA' ityuktamityavagrahAdIlla~kSayati- akSArthayoge darzanAnantaramarthagrahaNamavagrahaH // 26 // 97. 'akSam' indriyaM dravyabhAvarUpam , 'arthaH' dravyaparyAyAtmA tayoH 'yogaH' sambandho'natidUrAsannavyavahitadezAdyavasthAnalakSaNA yogyatA / niyatA hi sA viSayaviSayiNoH, yadAha, "puDheM suNei sadaM rUvaM puNa pAsae apuDhaM tu // " [ Ava* ni0 5] ityAdi / tasminakSArthayoge sati 'darzanam' anullikhitavizeSasya vastunaH pratipattiH / tadanantaramiti kramapratipAdanArthametat / etena darzanasyAvagrahaM prati pariNAmitoktA, nAsata eva sarvathA kasyacidutpAdaH, sato vA sarvathA vinAza iti darzanamevottaraM pariNAma pratipadyate / 'arthasya' dravyaparyAyAtmano'rthakriyAkSamasya 'grahaNam', 'samyagarthanirNayaH' iti 10 sAmAnyalakSaNAnuvRttenirNayo na punaravikalpakaM darzanamAtram 'avagrahaH / 698. na cAyaM mAnaso vikalpaH, cakSurAdisannidhAnApekSatvAt. pratisaGkhyAnenApratyAkhyeyatvAcca / mAnaso hi vikalpaH pratisaGkhyAnena nirudhyate, na cAyaM tatheti na vikalpaH // 26 // avagRhItavizeSAkAGkSaNamIhA // 27 // - 699. avagrahagRhItasya zabdAderarthasya 'kimayaM zabdaH zAGkhaH zAGgo vA' iti saMzaye sati 'mAdhuryAdayaH zAGkhadharmA evopalabhyante na kArkazyAdayaH zArGgadharmAH' ityanvayavyatirekarUpavizeSaparyAlocanarUpA matezceSTA 'ihA' / iha cAvagrahehayorantarAle abhyaste'pi viSaye saMzayajJAnamastyeva AzubhAvAttu nopalakSyate / na tu pramANam, samyagarthanirNayAtmaka tvAbhAvAt / 20 $100. nanu parokSapramANabhedarUpamUhAkhyaM pramANaM vakSyate tatkastasmAdIhAyA bhedaH / ucyate-trikAlagocaraHsAdhyasAdhanayoAptigrahaNapaTurUho yamAzritya "vyAptigrahaNakAle yogIva sampadyate pramAtA" iti nyAyavido vadanti / IhA tu vArttamAnikArthaviSayA pratyakSaprabheda ityapaunaruktyam / . 101. IhA ca yadyapi ceSTocyate tathApi cetanasya seti jJAnarUpaiveti yuktaM pratyakSa- 25 bhedtvmsyaaH| na cAnirNayarUpatvAdapramANatvamasyAH zaGkanIyam; svaviSayanirNayarUpatvAt , nirNayAntarAsAdRzye nirNayAntarANAmapyanirNayatvaprasaGgaH // 27 // IhitavizeSanirNayo'vAyaH // 28 // 6102. IhAkroDIkRte vastuni vizeSasya 'zAla evAyaM zabdo na zArGgaH' ityevaMrUpa- ... syAvadhAraNam 'avAyaH // 28 // 1pAriNAmikakAraNatoktA-De / 2 bauddhAnAmiva / 3 anirAkAryatvAt / 4 viruddhArthacintanena / - 30 5-0vizeSakA0-De / zaGka0-De / 7svaviSaye nirnnytvaat-dde|

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22 AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A0 1, sU029. smRtiheturdhAraNA // 29 // 6103. 'smRteH' atItAnusandhAnarUpAyA 'hetuH' pariNAmikAraNam, saMskAra iti yAvat, saGkhayeyamasaGkhayeyaM vA kAlaM jJAnasyAvasthAnaM 'dhAraNA' / avagrahAdayastu traya AntamauhUrtikAH / 5 104. saMskArasya ca pratyakSabhedarUpatvAt jJAnatvamunneyam , na punaryathAhuH pare "jJAnAdatirikto bhAvanAkhyo'yaM saMskAraH" iti / asya hyajJAnarUpatve jJAnarUpasmRtijanakatvaM na syAt , nahi sattA sattAntaramanuvizati / ajJAnarUpatve cAsyAtmadharmatvaM na syAt , cetanadharmasyAcetanatvAbhAvAt / 6105. nanvavicyutimapi dhAraNAmanvaziSan vRddhAH, yadbhASyakAraH-"avicuI 10 dhAraNA hoI" [vizeSA0 gA0 180] tatkathaM smRtihetoreva dhAraNAtvamasUtrayaH / satyam , astyavicyuti ma dhAraNA, kintu sA'vAya evAntarbhUteti na pRthaguktA / avAya eva hi dIrghadIrgho'vicyutirdhAraNetyucyata iti / smRtihetutvAdvA'vicyutirdhAraNayaiva saGgRhItA / na hyavAyamAtrAdavicyutirahitAt smRtirbhavati, gacchattRNasparzaprAyANAmavAyAnAM pari zIlanavikalAnAM smRtijanakatvAdarzanAt / tasmAt smRtihetU avicyutisaMskArAvanenasa15. gRhiitaavitydossH| yadyapi smRtirapi dhAraNAbhedatvena siddhAnte'mihitA tathApi parokSa____ pramANabhedatvAdiha nokteti sarvamavadAtam / 106. iha ca kramabhAvinAmapyavagrahAdInAM kathaJcidekatvamavaseyam / viruddhadharmAdhyAso hyekatvapratipattiparipanthI / na cA'sau pramANapratipanne'rthe pratyarthitAM bhajate / anu bhUyate hi khalu harSaviSAdAdiviruddhavivartAkrAntamekaM caitanyam / viruddhadharmAdhyAsAca vibhya20 dbhirapi kathamekaM citrapaiMTI jJAnamekAnekAkArollekhazekharamabhyupagamyate saugataiH, citraM vA rUpaM naiyAyikAdibhiriti / 107 naiyAyikAstu-"indriyArthasAnnikarSotpannaM jJAnamavyapadezyamavyabhicAri vyavasAyAtmakaM pratyakSam" [nyA0 11. 4. ] iti pratyakSalakSaNamAcakSate / atra ca pUrvAcAryakRtavyAkhyAvaimukhyena saGkhyAvadbhistrilocanavAcaspatipramukhairayamarthaH samarthi25, to yathA-indriyArthasannikarSotpanaM jJAnamavyabhicAri pratyakSamityeve pratyakSalakSaNam / 'yataH' zabdAdhyAhAreNa ca yattadonityAbhisambandhAduktavizeSaNaviziSTaM jJAnaM yato bhavati tat tathAvidhajJAnasAdhanaM jJAnarUpamajJAnarUpaM vA pratyakSaM pramANamiti / asya ca phalabhUtasya jJAnasya dvayI gatiravikalpaM savikalpaM ca / tayorubhayorapi pramANarUpatvamabhidhAtuM vibhA gavacanametad 'avyapadezya vyavasAyAtmakam' iti / 80, 108. tatrobhayarUpasyApi jJAnasya prAmANyamupekSya 'yataH'zabdAdhyAhAraklezenA'jJAnarUpasya sannikarSAdeH prAmANyasamarthanamayuktam / kathaM hyajJAnarUpAH sabhikarSAdayo'rthapari 1 vaishessikaaH| 2dhAraNA tss-vishessaa0| 3-0dvicyutivir0-dde0| 4-0rIyaM jJAna0-De / 5-0tyevaM pr0-dde| 6-0lpakaM sa0-De / 7-0lpakaM vA / tayo0 -De /

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pratyakSIya lakSaNAntaranirAsa: / ] pramANamImAMsA | 23 cchittau sAdhakatamA bhavanti vyabhicArAt ?, satyapIndriyArthasannikarSe'rthopalabdherabhAvAt / jJAne satyeva bhAvAt sAdhakatamaM hi karaNamavyavahitaphalaM ca taditi / , $109. sannikarSo'pi yadi yogyatAtiriktaH saMyogAdisambandhastarhi sa cakSuSo'rthena saha nAsti aprApyakAritvAttasya / dRzyate hi kAcA sphaTikAdivyavahitasyApyarthasya cakSuSopalabdhiH / atha prApyakAri cakSuH karaNatvAdvAsyAdivaditi brUSe; tarhyayaskAntA- 5 karSaNopalena lohAsannikRSTena vyabhicAraH / na ca saMyuktasaMyogAdiH sannikarSastatra kalpayituM zakyate, atiprasaGgAditi / $110. saugatAstu " pratyakSaM kalpanApoDhamabhrAntam " [ nyAyavi0 1.4 ] iti lakSaNamavocan / "abhilApasaMsargayogya pratibhAsA pratItiH kalpanA tathA rahitam"-[ nyAyabi0 1.5,6] kalpanApoDham iti / etacca vyavahArAnupayogitvAtpramANasya 10 lakSaNamanupapannam, tathAhi etasmAdvinizcityArthamarthakriyArthinastatsamarthe'rthe pravartamAnA visaMvAdabhAjo mA bhUvanniti pramANasya lakSaNaparIkSAyAM pravartante parIkSakAH / vyavahArAnupayoginazca tasya vAyasaMsadasaddazana parIkSAyAmitra niSphalaH parizramaH / nirvikalpottarakAla bhAvinaH savikalpakAttu vyahAropagame varaM tasyaiva prAmANyamAstheyam, kimavikalpakena zikhaNDineti ? | 111. jaiminIyAstu dharmaM prati animittatvavyAjena "satsamprayoge puruSasyendriyANAM buddhijanma tat pratyakSamanimittaM vidyamAnopalambhanatvAt" [ jaimi0 1.1.4] ityanuvAdabhaGgayA pratyakSalakSaNamAcakSate, yadAhu: "evaM satyanuvAditvaM lakSaNasyApi sambhavet / " [lokavA 0 sU0 4.39] iti / vyAcakSate ca - indriyANAM samprayoge sati puruSasya jAyamAnA buddhiH pratyakSamiti / 20 $112. atra saMzayaviparyayabuddhijanmano'pIndriyasaMprayoge sati pratyakSatvaprasaGgAdativyAptiH / atha 'satsamprayoga' iti satA samprayoga iti vyAkhyAyate tarhi nirAlambanavibhramA evArthanirapekSajanmAno nirastA bhaveyurna sAlambanau saMzayaviparyayau / atha sa samprayoga iti satsaptamI pakSa eva na tyajyate saMzayaviparyayanirAsAya ca 'samprayoga' ityatra 'sam' ityupasargo varNyate, yadAha " samyagarthe ca saMzabdo duSprayoganivAraNaH / duSTasvAcchuktikAyogo vAryate rajatekSaNAt" [zlokavA0sU0 4. 38-9] 1 kAcAbhrapaTalaspha0-De0 / 2 - 0 syArthasya - De0 / 3 - 0nnikarSeNa vya0 - tA0 / 4 - 0 gAdisanni0 - De0 / 5 rahitam tathApoDham - De0 / rahitam tayApoDham - mu0 / 6 vAyasasadasana (vAya sadazana) parI0 - tA0 / 7 etatsamAnam - kAkasya kati vA dantA meSasyANDaM kiyatpalam / gardabhe kati romANItyeSA mUrkhavicAraNA // -mu-Ti0 8 zikhaNDin-svayaMvare vRtena bhISmeNApAkRtA kAcidambAnAmnI rAjakanyA tapasA puruSatvaM prAptA / saiba zikhaNDIti samzayA vyavajahe / sa ca strIpUrvatvAnnindAspadam / tato bhArate yuddhe taM puraskRtyArjuno bhISmaM jaghAna / so'pi ca zikhaNDI pazvAdazvatthAmnA hRtaH / mu-Ti0 / 9 - vAdatvaM mu0 / 10 - 0 saMyoge - De0 / 15 25

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AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A0 1, sU0 30-32. iti; tathApi prayogasamyaktvasyAtIndriyatvena prtykssaanvgmytvaatkaaryto'vgtirvktvyaa| kArya ca jJAnam na ca tadavizeSitameva prayogasamyaktvAvagamanAyAlam / na ca tadvizeSaNaparamaparamiha padamasti / saMtAM samprayogaiti ca varaM nirAlambanavijJAnanivRttaye, 'sati'iti tu saptamyaiva gatArthatvAdanarthakam / 6113. ye'pi "tatsaMprayoge puruSasyendriyANAM buddhijanma satpratyakSaM yaviSayaM jJAnaM tenaM samprayoge indriyANAM puruSasya buddhijanma satpratyakSaM yadanyaviSayaMjJAnamanyasamprayoge bhavati na tatpratyakSam / " [ zAbarabhA0 1.1.5 ] ityevaM tatsatorvyatyayena lakSaNamanavadyamityAhuH, teSAmapi kliSTakalpanaiva, saMzayajJAnena vyabhi cArAnivRtteH / tatra hi yadviSayaM jJAnaM tena samprayoga indriyANAmastyeva / yadyapi cobha10 yaviSayaM saMzayajJAnaM tathApi tayoranyatareNendriyaM saMyuktameva ubhayAvamarzitvAcca saMzayasya yena saMyuktaM cakSustadviSayamapi tajjJAnaM bhavatyeveti nAtivyAptiparihAraH / avyAptizca cAkSuSajJAnasyendriyasamprayogajatvAbhAvAt / aprApyakAri ca cakSurityuktaprAyam / 6114. "zrotrAdivRttiravikAlpakA pratyakSam" iti vRddhasAGkhyAH / atra zrotrAdInAmacetanatvAttavRtteH sutarAmacaitanyamiti kathaM pramANatvam / cetanasaMsargAttaccaita15 nyAbhyupagame varaM cita eva prAmANyamabhyupagantuM yuktam / na cAvikalpaikatve prAmANyamastIti yatkiJcidetat / 6115. "prativiSayAdhyavasAyo dRSTem" [sAkA05] iti pratyakSalakSaNamitIzvarakRSNaH / tadapyanumAnena vyabhicAritvAdalakSaNam / atha 'pratiH' Abhimukhye vartate tenAbhi mukhyena viSayAdhyavasAyaH pratyakSamityucyate; tadupyanumAnena tulyam ghaTo'yamitivadayaM 20 parvato'gnimAnityAbhimukhyena pratIteH / atha anumAnAdivilakSaNo abhimukho'dhyavasAyaH pratyakSam / tarhi pratyakSalakSaNamakaraNIyameva zabdAnumAnalakSaNavilakSaNatayaiva tatsiddheH / $116. tatazca parakIyalakSaNAnAM duSTatvAdidameva 'vizadaH pratyakSam' iti pratyakSalakSaNamanavadyam // 29 // 6117. pramANaviSayaphalapramAtRrUpeSu caturpu vidhiSu tattvaM parisamApyata iti viSayA25 dilakSaNamantareNa pramANalakSaNamasampUrNamiti viSayaM lakSayati pramANasya viSayo dravyaparyAyAtmakaM vastu // 30 // 6 118. pratyakSasya prakRtatvAttasyaiva viSayAdau lakSayitavye 'pramANasya' iti pramANasAmAnyagrahaNaM pratyakSavat pramANAntarANAmapi viSayAdilakSaNamihaiva vaktuM yuktamavizeSAttathA ca lAghavamapi bhavatItyevamartham / jAtinirdezAcca pramANAnAM pratyakSAdInAM 'viSayaH' gocaro 'dravyaparyAyAtmakaM vastu' / dravati tAMstAn paryAyAn gacchati iti dravyaM dhrauvyalakSaNam / 1 satA sampra-tA0 De0 / 2 tenaiva sampra0 -mu-paa0| 3 tatsarvatovya0-De0 / 4-0kalpatve-De / 5 dRSTamati pratya0-tA0 / 6 vidheSu ityapi paThituM zakyaM tA0 pratau / 7-0marthajAti0-30 / ....

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prameyasya nirUpaNam / ] * pUrvottaravivarttavarttyanvayapratyayasamadhigamyamUrdhvatAsAmAnyamiti yAvat / pariyantyutpAdavinAzadharmANo bhavantIti paryAyA vivarttAH / tacca te cAtmA svarUpaM yasya tat dravyaparyAyAtmakaM vastu, paramArthasadityarthaH, yadvAcakamukhyaH - " utpAdavyayadhauvyayuktaM sad" [ tattvAM0 5.29 ] iti, pAramarSamapi " upannei vA vigamei vA dhuvei vA" iti / pramANamImAMsA / $119. tatra 'dravyaparyAya' grahaNena dravyaikAntaparyAyaikAntavAdiparikalpitaviSayavyu - 5 dAsaH / 'Atma' grahaNena cAtyantavyatiriktadravyaparyAyavAdikANAdayogAbhyupagataviSayanirAsaH / yacchrIsiddhasenaH "dohiM vi naehiM nIyaM satthamulUeNa tahavi micchantaM / jaM savisaya pahANattaNeNa anoznanira vikkha" // [ sanma0 3. 49 ] ti // 30 // 120. kutaH punardravyaparyAyAtmakameva vastu pramANAnAM viSayo na dravyamAtraM paryAya- 10 mAtramubhayaM vA svatantram ? ityAha 25 arthakriyAsAmarthyAt // 31 // $121, 'arthasya' hAnopAdAnAdilakSaNasya 'kriyA' niSpattistatra 'sAmarthyAt ', dravya - paryAyAtmakasyaiva vastuno'rthakriyAsamairthatvAdityarthaH // 31 // 122. yadi nAmaivaM tataH kimityAha 15 tallakSaNatvAstunaH // 32 // $ 123. 'tad' arthakriyAsAmarthya 'lakSaNam' asAdhAraNaM rUpaM yasya tat tallakSaNaM tasya bhAvastatraM tasmAt / kasya ? / 'vastunaH' paramArthasato rUpasya / ayamarthaH - arthakriyArthI hi sarvaH pramANamanveSate, api nAmetaH prameyamarthakriyAkSamaM vinizcitya kRtArtho bhaveyamiti na vyasanitayA / tadyadi pramANa viSayo'rtho'rthakriyAkSamo na bhavettadA nAsau pramANaparIkSaNa - 20 mAdriyeta / yadAha "arthakriyA'samarthasya vicAraiH kiM tadarthinAm / SaNDhasya rUpavairUpaye kAminyAH kiM parIkSayA ? / / " [ pramANavA0 1.215 ] iti / $ 124. tatra na dravyaikarUpo'rtho'rthakriyAkArI, sa pracyutAnutpannasthiraikarUpaH kathamarthakriyAM kurvIta krameNAkrameNa vA 1, anyonyavyavacchedarUpANAM prakArAntarAsambhavAt / tatra 25 na krameNa; sa hi kAlAntarabhAvinIH kriyAH prathamakriyAkAla eva prasahya kuryAt samarthasya kAlakSepAyogAt, kAlakSepiNo vA'sAmarthyaprApteH / samartho'pi tattatsahakArisamavadhAne taM tamartha karotIti cet; na tarhi tasya sAmarthyamaparasahakArisApekSavRttitvAt, "sApekSamasamartham" [pAta0 mahA0 3.1 8] iti hi kiM nAzrauSIH 1 / na tena sahakAriNo'pekSyante'pi tu 1 dhauvyANAM yogaH / 2 annanira0 - mu0 / aNuNNanira0 - De0 / 3 nirapekSau nayau / 4 ekatriMzattamaM dvAtriMzattamaM ca sUtradvayaM saM-mU0 pratau medakacihnaM binA sahaiva likhitaM dRzyate - sampA0 / 50 kriyArthasama0 - De0 / - 0 tvAdvA vastunaH-saM-mU0 / 7 pramANAnveSaNabhAvanAyAm / 8 yadAhuH tA0 / 9 sAmarthyaM para0-tA /

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26 AcArya zrI hemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A0 1 sU0 32. kAryameva sahakAriSvasatsvabhavat tAnapekSata iti cet; tatkiM sa bhAvo'samarthaH 1 / samarthacet; kiM sahakArimukhaprekSaNadInAni tAnyupekSate na punarjhaTiti ghaTayati ? / nanu samarthamapi bIjamilAjelAdisahakArisahitamevAGkuraM karoti nAnyathA; tat kiM tasya sahakAribhiH kizcidupakriyeta, na vA 1 | no cet; sa kiM pUrvavanodAste / upakriyeta cet ; sa tarhi tairupakAro 5 bhinno'bhinno vA kriyata iti nirvacanIyam / abhede sa eva kriyate iti lAbhamicchato mUlakSatirAyAtA / bhede sa kathaM tasyopakAraH ?, kiM na sahyavindhyAderapi / tatsambandhAttasyAyamiti cet; upakAryopakArayoH kaH sambandhaH / na saMyogaH dravyayoreva tasya bhAvAt / nApi samavAyastasya pratyAsattiviprakarSAbhAvena sarvatra tulyatvAnna niyata - mbandhisambandhatvaMyuktam, tatve vA tatkRta upakAro'bhyupagantavyaH tathA ca satyu10 pakArasya bhedAbhedakalpanA tadavasthaiva / upakArasya samavAyAdabhede samavAya eva kRtaH syAt / bhede punarapi samavAyasya na niyatasambandhisambandhatvam / niya~tasambandhisamba ndhatve samavAyasya vizeSaNavizeSyabhAvo heturiti cet; upakAryopakArakabhAvAbhAve tasyApi pratiniyamahetutvAbhAvAt / upakAre tu punarbhedAbhedavikalpadvAreNa tadevAvartate / tannaikAntanityo bhAvaH krameNArthakriyAM kurute / 15 20 25 $ 125. nApyakrameNa / na hyeko bhAvaH sakalakAlarkalAbhAvinIryugapat sarvAH kriyAH karotIti prAtItikam | kurutAM vA, tathApi dvitIyakSaNe kiM kuryAt ? / karaNe vA kramapakSabhIMvI doSaH / akaraNe'narthakriyAkAritvAdavastu tvaprasaGgaH - ityekAntanityAt kramAkramAbhyAM vyAptArthakriyA vyApakAnupalabdhibalAt vyApaka nivRttau nivartamAnA vyApyamarthakriyAkAritvaM nivartayati tadepi svavyApyaM sattvamityasan dravyaikAntaH / $ 126. paryAyaikAntarUpo'pi pratikSaNavinAzI bhAvo na krameNArthakriyAsamartho dezakRtasya kAlakRtasya ca kramasyaivAbhAvAt / avasthitasyaiva hi nAnAdezakAlavyAptirdezakramaH kAlakramazcAbhidhIyate / na caikAntavinAzini sAsti / yadAhu: "yo yatraiva sa tatraiva yo yadaiva tadaiva saH / na dezakAlayorvyAptirbhAvAnAmiha vidyate // " $127, na ca santAnApekSayA pUrvottarakSaNAnAM kramaH sambhavati, santAnasyA'vastutvAt / vastutve'pi tasya yadi kSaNikatvaM na tarhi kSaNebhyaH kazcidvizeSaH / athAkSaNikatvam ; susthitaH paryAyaikAntavAdaH ! yadAhu: 1 kAryANi / 2 bIjamilAdi 0 - De0 / 3 kriyeta iti De0 / 4-0 ndhyAdrera0 - De0 / 5 niyatasambandhikRtaH / 6 samavAyasya / 70 -tvam sambandhatve - De0 / 8 niyata sambandhinobIjopakArayoH sambandhatve'nayoH samavAya iti vizeSaNavizeSyabhAvaH / 6 kalAzabdenAMzAH / 10 sa hi kAlAntarabhAvinIH kriyA ityAdiko grantha AvartanIyaH / 11 tadapyarthakriyAkAritvaM vyApakaM nivartamAnaM svavyApyaM sattvaM nivartayati / 12 kartari SaSThI / 13 paryAyaikAntavAde / 14 - 0 tvaM na su0 - De0 / 195 yaduktam-De0 /

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prameyasya nirUpaNam / ]... pramANamImAMsA / ' * "athApi nityaM paramArthasantaM santAnanAmAnamupaiSi bhAvam / . uttiSTha bhikSo! phalitAMstavAzAH so'yaM samAptaH kssnnbhnggvaadH||" [ nyAyama0 pR0 464 ] iti / 6128. nApyakrameNa kSaNikerthakriyA sambhavati / sa hyeko rUpAdikSaNo yugapadanekAn rasAdikSaNAn janayan yokena svabhAvena janayettadA teSAmekatvaM syAdekasvabhAvajanyatvAt / 5 atha nAnAsvabhAvairjanayati-kizcidupAdAnabhAvena kizcit sahakAritvena te tarhi svabhAvAstasyAtmabhUtA anAtmabhUtA vA / anAtmabhUtAzcet ; svbhaavhaaniH| yadi tasyAtmabhUtAH; tarhi tasyAnekatvaM svabhAvAnAM caikatvaM prasajyeta / atha ya evaikatropAdAnabhAvaH sa evAnyatra sahakAribhAva iti na svabhAvabheda iSyate; tarhi nityasyaikarUpasyApi krameNa nAnAkAryakAriNaH svabhAvabhedaH kAryasAGkayaM ca mA bhUt / athAkramAt kramiNAmanutpatte miti cet ; ekAnaMza- 10 kAraNAt yugapadanekakAraNasAdhyAnekakAryavirodhAt kSaNikAnAmapyakrameNa kAryakAritvaM mA bhUditi paryAyaikAntAdapi kramAkramayoApakayonivRttyaiva vyApyA'rthakriyApi vyAvartate / tabyAvRttau ca sattvamapi vyApakAnupalabdhibalenaiva nivartata ityasan paryAyaikAnto'pi / 6129. kANAdAstu dravyaparyAyAdhubhAvapyupAgaman pRthivyAdIni guNAdyAdhArarUpANi dravyANi, gunnaadystvaadheytvaatpryaayaaH| te ca kecit kSaNikAH, kecidyAva;vya- 15 bhAvinaH, kecibhityA iti kevalamitaretaravini ThitadharmidharmAbhyupagamAnna samIcInaviSayavAdinaH / tathAhi-yadi dravyAdatyantavilakSaNaM sattvaM tadA dravyamasadeva bhavet / sattAyogAt sattvamastyeveti cet ; asatAM sattAyoge'pi kutaH sattvam ?, satAM tu niSphalaH sattAyogaH / svarUpasatvaM bhAvAnAmastyeveti cet / tarhi kiM zikhaNDinA sttaayogen| sattAyogAt prAk bhAvo na sannApyasan, sattAsambandhAtu sanniti cet vAmAtrametat, sadasa- 20 dvilakSaNasya prakArAntarasyAsambhavAt / api ca 'padArthaH sattA yogaH' iti na tritayaM cakAsti / padArthasattayozca yogo yadi tAdAtmyam , tadanabhyupagamabAdhitam / ata eva na saMyogaH, samavAyastvanAzrita iti sarva sarveNa sambadhnIyAna vA kizcit kenacit / evaM dravyaguNakarmaNAM dravyatvAdibhiH, dravyasya dravyaguNakarmasAmAnyavizeSaiH, pRthivyaptejovAyUnAM pRthivItvAdimiH, AkAzAdInAM ca dravyANAM svaguNaiyoge yathAyogaM 25 sarvamabhidhAnIyam , ekAntabhinnAnAM kenacit kathaJcit sambandhAyogAt ityaulUkyapakSe'pi viSayavyavasthA duHsthA / 1-0tA tavA0-De0 / 2 biijpuuraadau| 3 yugapadekAn-tA0 / 4 nityasyaikarUpasyApi krameNetyAdiko pranyo na ghttte| 5 na hi ekAMza upAdAnasvarUpo'nyazca sahakArisvarUpo bhavanmate'sti / 6-0meNAkAri. -De / 7-0vubhAvapyabhyupA0-De.1buddhayAdayaH / ghttruupaadyH| 10 ApyarUpyA(pAdayaH / jalAdiparamANurUpAdInAM nityatvAt ] / 11 -0minnaH / 12 padArthasa0 -De / 13 anabhyupagamabAdhitatvAt eva / 24 saMyogo hi dravyayoreva / 15 AderguNatvakarmasve / 16 kenacit samba0-tA0 mu0|

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AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 1,A0 1, sU0 32-35. 6130. nanu dravyaparyAyAtmakatve'pi vastunastadavasthameva dausthyam ; tathAhi-dravyaparyAyayoraikAntikamedAbhedaparihAreNa kathaJcidbhedAbhedavAdaH syAdvAdibhirupeyate, na cAso 'yukto virodhAdidoSAtU-vidhipratiSedharUpayorekatra vastunyasambhavAnnIlAnIlavat 1 / atha kenacidrUpeNa bhedaH kenacidabhedaH; evaM sati bhedasyAnyadadhikaraNamabhedasya cAnyaditi vaiyadhi5 karaNyam 2 / yaM cAtmAnaM purodhAya bhedo yaM cAzrityAbhedastAvapyAtmAnau bhinnAbhinnA vanyathaikAntavAdaprasaktistathA ca satyanavasthA 3 / yena ca rUpeNa bhedastena bhedazcAbhedazca yena cAbhedastenApyabhedazca bhedazceti saGkaraH 4 / yena rUpeNa bhedastenAbhedo yenAbhedastena meda iti vyatikaraH 5|bhedaabhedaatmktve ca vastuno viviktenAkAreNa nizcetumazakteH saMzayaH 6 / tatazcApratipattiH 7 iti na viSayavyavasthA 8 / naivam ; pratIyamAne vastuni 10 virodhasyAsambhavAt / yatsannidhAne yo nopalabhyate sa tesya virodhIti nizcIyate / upalabhyamAne ca vastuni ko virodhgndhaavkaashH| nIlAnIlayorapi yadyekatrophlambho'sti tadA nAsti virodhH| ekatra citrapaTIjJAne saugatairnIlAnIlayorvirodhAnabhyupagamAt , yogaizcaikasya citrasya rUpasyAbhyupagAt , ekasyaiva ca paTAdezvalAcalaraktAraktAvRtAnA vRtAdiviruddhadharmANAmupalabdheHprakRte ko virodhshngkaavkaashH| etena vaiyadhikaraNyadoSo'pya15 pAstaH; tayorekAdhikaraNatvena prAguktayuktidizA pratIteH / yadapyanavasthAnaM dUSaNamupanyastam tadapyanekAntavAdimatAnabhijJenaiva, tanmataM hi dravyaparyAyAtmake vastuni dravyaparyAyAveva bhedaH bhedadhvaninA tayorevAbhidhAnAta, dravyarUpeNAbhedaH iti dravyamevAbhedaH ekAnekAtmakatvAdvastunaH / yau ca sadhairavyatikarau tau mecakajJAnanidarzanena sAmAnyavizeSa dRSTAntena ca parihatau / atha tatra tathApratibhAsaH samAdhAnam ; parasyApi tadevAstu 20 pratibhAsasyApakSapAtitvAt / nirNIte cArthe saMzayo'pi na yuktaH, tasya sakampapratipatti rUpatvAdakampapratipattau durghaTatvAt / pratipanne ca vastunyapratipattiriti sAhasam / upalabdhyabhidhAnAdanupalambho'pi na siddhastato nAbhAva iti dRSTeSTAviruddha dravyaparyAyAtmakaM vastviti // 32 // 6131. nanu dravyaparyAyAtmakatve'pi vastunaH kathamarthakriyA nAma hai| sA hi kramA25 kramAbhyAM vyAptA dravyaparyAyaikAntavadubhayAtmakAdapi vyAvartatAm / zakyaM hi vaktumubha yAtmA bhAvo na krameNArthakriyAM katuM samarthaH, samarthasya kSepAyogAt / na ca sahakAryapekSA yuktA, dravyasyAvikAryatvena sahakArikRtopakAranirapekSatvAt / paryAyANAM ca kSaNikatvena pUrvAparakAryakAlApratIkSaNAt / nApyakrameNa, yugapaddhi sarvakAryANi kRtvA punarakurvato'nartha - 1 bhedAbhedarUpayoH / 2 svabhAvam / 3 yugapadubhayaprAptiH saGkaraH / 4 parasparaviSayagamanaM vyatikaraH / 5 chAyevAtapasya / 6 paroktadRSTAnta duussynnaah| 7yogaH pratyAhArAdistaM vettyadhIte vA yaugaH "tavatyadhIte" [ haimaza0 6. 2. 117 ] ityaN / 8 citrarUpasya ekasyA'vayavitA'bhyupagamAt / 8 ekasyaiva paTA0 -De / 10 vijJAnasyaikamAkAraM nAnAkArakarambitam / 11 dravyaparyAyAtmA / 12 prathamadvitIyakAya(4)yoH kAlaH / '

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pramANaphalasya nirUpaNam / ] pramANamImAMsA / 29 kriyAkAritvAdasattvam , kurvataH kramapakSabhAvI dossH| dravyaparyAyavAdayozca yo doSaH sa ubhayavAde'pi samAnaH "pratyekaM yo bhavedoSo vyo ve kathaM na saH?" iti vacanAdityAhapUrvottarAkAraparihArasvIkArasthitilakSaNapariNAme- 5 nAsyArthakriyopapattiH // 33 // 6 132. 'pUrvottarayoH' 'AkArayoH' vivartayoryathAsaGkhayena yau 'parihArasvIkArauM tAbhyAM sthitiH saiva 'lakSaNam' yasya sa cAsau pariNAmazca, tena 'asya' dravyaparyAyAtmakasyArthakriyopapadyate / 6133. ayamarthaH-na dravyarUpaM na paryAyarUpaM nobhaiyarUpaM vastu, yena tattatpakSabhAvI 10 doSaH syAt , kintu sthityutpAdavyayAtmakaM zabalaM jAtyantarameva vastu / tena tattatsahakArisannidhAne krameNa yugapadvA tAM tAmarthakriyAM kurvataH sahakArikRtAM copakAraparamparAmupajIvato bhinnAminnopakAroMdinodanAnumodanApramuditAtmanaH ubhayapakSabhAvidoSazaGkAkalakA kaoNndizIkasya bhAvasya na vyApakaunupalabdhibalenArthakriyAyAH, nApi tavyApyasattvasya nivRttiriti siddhaM dravyaparyAyAtmakaM vastu pramANasya viSayaH // 33 // 15 6134. phalamAha phalamarthaprakAzaH // 34 // 6135. 'pramANasya' iti vartate, pramANasya 'phalam' 'arthaprakAzaH' arthasaMvedanam : arthArthI hi sarvaH pramAtetyarthasaMvedanameva phalaM yuktam / nanvevaM pramANameva phalatvenoktaM syAta, omiti cet, tarhi pramANaphalayorabhedaH syAt / tataH kiM syAt 1 / pramANaphalayoraikye 20 sadasatpakSabhAvI doSaH syAt , nAsataH karaNatvaM na sataH phalatvam / satyam , astyayaM doSo janmani na vyavasthAyAm / yadAhu: "nAsato hetutA nApi sato hetoH phlaasmtaa| iti janmani doSaH syAd vyavasthA tu na doSabhAg // " iti // 34 // 6136. vyavasthAmeva darzayati 25 karmasthA kriyA // 35 // 6137. karmonmukho jJAnavyApAraH phalam // 35 // 1-0kSaNena pari0 -saM-mU0 / 2-0nAsya kriyo0 -saM-mU / 3 svatantradravyaparyAyarUpam / 4 AderupakAryupakArayoH smbmdhH| 5 "kAndizIko bhayadte"-abhi. ci0 3.30 / 6 kramAkramau vyApakau tyoH| 7-0pyasya sttv0-dde0| 8 arthakriyAkSamaM vastu atrArthazabdenocyate / 9 avidyamAnapramANasya / 10 phalAt pramANasyAbhedo bhvnmte| tatazca phalasya sAdhyatvenAsattvAt pramANasyApyasattvaprasaGgaH / asaca na karaNaM bhavati sidbhasyaivAGgIkArAt / tathA, pramANAt phalasya yadyabhedaH tadA pramANasya sattvAt phalamapi sadeva syAdvidyamAnasya ca [na] phalatvaM sAdhyasyaiva phalatvAbhyupagamAt / 11 paJcatriMzattamaM SaTtriMzattamaM ca sUtradvayaM tA-mU0 pratI bhedakacilaM vinA sahaiva likhitaM dRzyate-sampA0 /

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30 15 kertRsthA pramANam // 36 // $ 139. kartRvyApAramullikhan bodhaH pramANam ||36| $140. kathamasya pramANatvam ? / karaNaM hi tat sAdhakatamaM ca karaNamucyate / 5 avyavahitaphalaM ca tadityAha AcAryazrI hemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A0 1 sU0 36-42. 138. pramANaM kimityAha tasyAM satyArthaprakAzasiddheH // 37 // $141. 'tasyAm' iti kartRsthAyAM pramANarUpAyAM kriyAyAM 'satyAm ' ' arthaprakAzasya' phalasya 'siddheH' vyavasthApanAt / ekajJAnagatatvena pramANaphalayorabhedo, vyavasthApyavyavasthApakabhAvAttu bhed iti bhedAbhedarUpaH syAdvAdamabAdhitamanupatati pramANaphalabhAva 10 itIdamakhilapramANasAdhAraNamavyavahitaM phalamuktam // 37 // 20 $ 142. avyavahitameva phalAntaramAha ajJAnanivRttirvA ||38|| $143. pramANapravRtteH pUrvaM pramAturvivakSite viSaye yat 'ajJAnam' tasya 'nivRttiH' phalamityanye / yadAhu: "pramANasya phalaM sAkSAdajJAnavinivartanam | kevalasya sukhopekSe zeSasyAdAnahAnadhIH || " [ nyAyA0 28 ] iti // 38 // $ 144. vyavahitamAha avagrahAdInAM vA kramopaMjanadharmANAM pUrva pUrva pramANamuttaramuttaraM phalam // 39 // $145. avagrahehAvAyadhAraNAsmRtipratyabhijJAnohAnumAnAnAM krameNopajAyamAnAnAM yadyat pUrvaM tattatpramANaM yadyaduttaraM tattatphalarUpaM pratipattavyam / avagrahapariNAmavAn hyAtmA IhArUpaphalatayA pariNamati itIhAphalApekSayA avagrahaH pramANam / tato'pIhA pramANamavAyaH phalam / punaravAyaH pramANaM dhAraNA phalam / IhAdhAraNayorjJAnopadAnatvAt jJAnarUpatoneyA / tato dhAraNA pramANaM smRtiH phalam / tato'pi smRtiH pramANaM pratyabhijJAnaM phalam / kiyA pratIyate tathA (?) 1 karmasthA pra0 - tA - mU0 / 2 tathAhi karmasthA kartRsthA cet (sthA ca jJAnasyApi / ta (ya) pAhi vahigatA tAvat kAciddAhikA zaktirabhyupeyA yayApArAt kASThAni dagdhAni bhavanti tathA kASThagatA dAhakriyA kAcidasti yasyAstAni bhasmIbhavanti / evamanyatrApi jJAnArthayorbhAvanIyam / 03 - 0 phalaM tadi0 - De0 / 4 vastuta aikye'pi jJAnonmukho'rthaprakAzaH arthonmukhI ajJAnanivRttiH iti medaH / -6 avyavahitam / 6 - 0 pajananadharmA0-saM-mU0 / 70 dharmaNAm tA0 / 8 ekonacatvAriMzattamaM catvAriMzattamaM sUtradvayaM tA- mU0 pratau medakacihnaM vinA sahaiva likhitaM dRzyate - sampA0 / 9 IhAyAzceSTArUpatvAt dhAraNAyAzca saMskArarUpatvAt ajJAnatvamiti parasya abhisandhiH / 10 jJAnamupAdAnaM yayorjJAnasyopAdanaM vA /

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pramAturlakSaNam / ] . prmaannmiimaaNsaa| tato'pi pratyabhijJA pramANamUhaH phalam / tato'pyUhaH pramANamanumAnaM phalamiti pramANaphalavibhAga iti // 39 // 6146. phalAntaramAha hAnAdibuddhayo vA // 4 // 6147. hAnopAdAnopekSAbuddhayo vA pramANasya phalam / phalabahutvapratipAdanaM sarveSAM 5 phalatvena na virodho vaivakSikatvAt phalasyeti pradipAdanArtham // 40 // 6 148. ekAntabhinnAbhinnaphalavAdimataparIkSArthamAha __ . pramANAdbhinnAbhinnam // 41 // $ 149. karaNarUpatvAt kriyArUpatvAcca pramANaphalayorbhedaH / abhede pramANaphalabhedavyavahArAnupapatteH pramANameva vA phalameva vA bhavet / apramANAdhAvRtyA pramANavyavahAraH, 10 aphalAnyAvRttyA ca phalavyavahAro bhaviSyatIti cet, naivam ; evaM sati pramANAntarAbyAvRttyA'pramANavyavahAraH, phalAntarAdhyAvRttyA'phalavyavahAro'pyastu, vijAtIyAdiva sarjAtIyAdapi vyAvRttatvAdvastunaH / 6150. tathA, tasyaivAtmanaH pramANAkAreNa pariNatistasyaiva phalarUpatayA pariNAma ityekapramAtrapekSayA prmaannphlyorbhedH| bhede tvaatmaantrvttdnuppttiH| atha yatraivAtmani 15 pramANaM samavetaM phalamapi tatraiva samavetamiti samavAyalakSaNayA pratyAsatyA pramANaphalavyavasthitiriti nAtmAntare tatprasaGga iti cet / na samavAyasya nityatvAdhyApakatvAnniyatAtmavatsarvAtmasvapyavizeSAnna tato niyatapramAtRsambandhapratiniyamaH tat siddhametat pramANAtphalaM kathazcidbhinnamabhinnaM ceti // 41 // . 6151. pramAtAraM lakSayati 20 khaparAbhAsI pariNAmyAtmA pramAtA // 42 // 6152. svam AtmAnaM paraM cArthamAbhAsayituM zIlaM yasya sa 'svaparAbhAsI' svonmukhatayA'rthonmukhatayA cAvabhAsanAt ghaTamahaM jAnAmIti karmakartRkriyANAM pratIteH, anyatarapratItyapalApe pramANAbhAvAt / na ca paraprakAzakatvasya svaprakAzakatvena virodhaH pradIpa- . vat / nahi pradIpaH svaprakAze paramapekSate / anenaikaantsvaabhaasipraamaasivaadimtniraasH| 25 svaparAbhAsyeva 'AtmA pramAtA' / 1-0pekSayA bu0-taa0|2 arthprkaashaadiinaam| 3-0kssittvaat-taa0|4any]prmaannaat|5-0ltvvy. -dde| 6 pramANAntarAt / 7 yathaikAtmagatasya pramANasya sambandhi dvitIyAtmagataM phalaM na bhavati tathaikAtmagatayorapi mA bhuudtyntmedsyobhypkssyorpyvishisstttvaat| -.tAraM kathayati-De / etatsUtrAnantaraM tA-mU. pratau evaM likhitaM vartate-"ityAcAryazrIhemacandraviracitAyAM pramANamImAMsAyAM prathamasyAdhyAyasya prathamamAhnikam / saM-mU0 pratI tu -dhyAyasyAdyAhnikam / 10 bauddhasya /

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AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A0 2, sU0 1-3. .1153. tathA, pariNAma uktalakSaNaH sa vidyate yasya sa ' pariNAmI' / kUTasthanitye hyAtmani harSaviSAdasukhaduHkhabhogAdayo vivartAH pravRttinivRttidharmANo na varteran / ekAntanAzini ca kRtanAzAkRtAbhyAgamau syAtAm, smRtipratyabhijJAna nihitapratyunmArgaNaprabhRtayazca pratiprANipratItA vyavahArA vizIryeran / pariNAmini tUtpAdavyayadhauvyadharmayAtmani 5 sarvamupapadyate / yadAhuH 10 15 32 "yathAheH kuNDalAvasthA vyapaiti tadanantaram | sambhavatyArjavAvasthA sarpatvaM tvanuvartate // tathaiva nitya caitanyasvarUpasyAtmano hi na / niHzeSarUpavigamaH sarvasyAnugamo'pi vA // kiM tvasya vinivartante sukhaduHkhAdilakSaNAH / avasthAstAJca jAyante caitanyaM svanuvartate // syAtAmatyantanAze hi kRtanAzAkRtAgamau / sukhaduHkhAdibhogazca naiva syAdekarUpiNaH // na ca kartRtvabhoktRtve puMso'vasthAM samAzrite / tato'vasthAvatastasvAt karnaivApnoti tatphalam // " [tattvasaM 0 kA 0 223-227] iti anenaikAntanityAnityavAdavyudAsaH / 'AtmA' ityanAtmavAdino vyudasyati / kAyapramANatA tvAtmanaH prakRtAnupayogAnnokteti susthitaM pramAtRlakSaNam // 42 // ityAcAryazrI hemacandraviracitAyAH pramANamImAMsAyAstadvRttezva prathamasyAdhyAyasya prathamamAhnikam 1 ekAntanAzinI (?) 2 avasthAyAH / 3 - 0 vatastAttvAt - De0 / 227 / 4 ekatvAt / 5 -0kam / zreyaH - tA0 / * sthAsu tattattvAt tattvasaM0 kA 0

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5 // atha dvitIyamAhnikam // 61. ihoddiSTe pratyakSaparokSalakSaNe pramANadvaye lakSitaM pratyakSam / idAnIM parokSalakSaNamAha . avizadaH parokSam // 1 // 62. sAmAnyalakSaNAnuvAdena vizeSalakSaNavidhAnAt 'samyagarthanirNayaH' itynuvrtte| tenAvizadaH samyagarthanirNayaH parokSapramANamiti // 1 // 63. vibhAgamAha smRtipratyabhijJAnohAnumAnAgamAstadvidhayaH // 2 // $ 4. 'tad' iti parokSasya parAmarzastena parokSasyaite prakArA na tu svatantrANi pramANAntarANi prakrAntapramANasaGkhyAvighAtaprasaGgAt / 65. nanu svatantrANyeva smRtyAdIni pramANAni kiM nocyante ?, kimanena draviDa- 10 maNDakabhakSaNanyAyena ? / maivaM vocaH, parokSalakSaNasaGgrahItAni parokSapramANAnna vibhedavani; yathaiva hi pratyakSalakSaNasagRhItAnIndriyajJAna-mAnasa-svasaMvedana-yogijJAnAni saugatAnAM na pratyakSAdatiricyante, tathaiva hi parokSalakSaNAkSiptAni smRtyAdIni na. mUlapramANasaGkhyAparipanthInIti / smRtyAdInAM pazcAnAM dvandvaH // 2 // 66. tatra smRtiM lakSayati . .. 15 - vAsanodbodhahetukA tadityAkArA smRtiH // 3 // 7. 'vAsanA' saMskArastasyAH 'udbodhaH prabodhastaddhetukA tannibandhanA, "kAlamasaMkhaM saMkhaM ca dhAraNA hoi nAyavvA" [ vizeSA* gA0 333 ] iti vacanAcirakAlasthAyinyapi vAsanA'nududdhA na smRtihetuH, AvaraNakSayopazamasadRzadarzanAdisAmagrIlabdhaprabodhoM tu smRtiM janayatIti 'vAsanorodhahetukA' ityuktam / 20 asyA ullekhamAha 'tadityAkArA' sAmAnyoktau napuMsakanirdezastena sa ghaTaH, sA paTI, tat kuNDalaeNmityullekharvatI matiH smRtiH| 68. sA ca pramANam avisaMvAditvAt svayaM nihitapratyunmArgaNAdivyavahArANAM darzanAt / nanvanubhUyamAnasya viSayasyAbhAvAnirAlambanA smRtiH kathaM pramANam ? / naivam , anubhUtenArthena sAlambanatvopapatteH, anyathA pratyakSasyApyanubhUtArthaviSayatvAdaprAmANyaM 25 prasajyeta / svaviSayAvabhAsanaM smRterapyaviziSTam / vinaSTo viSayaH kathaM smRterjanakaH ?, tathA 1 atra prathamaM dvitIyaM ca sUtradvayaM tA-mU0 pratau bhedakacihna vinA sahaiva likhitaM dRzyate-sampA0 / 2-0mijJohA0-saM-mU0 / 3 dhaarnnaa| 4 smRtijananAbhimukhyam / 5-0dhA anusmR0-mu-paa0| 6 abhyAsadazApanAyAM guNanAdau tadityAkArAbhAvAt prAyikamidam / 7 kunnddmi0-dde0| 8-0vatI smR0-dde| 9avisaMvAditvamasyA [siddhamiti cedityaah.| 10 yadyanubhUtenArthena sAlambanatve'pi smRteraprAmANyamAtiSThase tadA pratyakSasyApi kiM nAprAmANyaM bhavediti ekoddezena tasyApi nirAlambanatvAt / 11 anubhuutvissy.|

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AcAryazrI hemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A02, sU0 4. cArthAjanyatvAnna prAmANyamasyA iti cet; tat kiM pramANAntare'pyarthajanyatvamavisaMvAda- ' heturiti vipralabdho'si 1 / maivaM muhaH, yathaiva hi pradIpaH svasAmagrIbalalabdhajanmA ghaTAdimirajanito'pi tAn prakAzayati tathaivAvaraNakSayopazamasavyapekSendriyAnindriyabalalabdhajanma saMvedanaM viSayamavabhAsayati / " nAnanukRtAnvayavyatirekaM kAraNam nAkAraNaM 6 viSayaH" iti tu pralApamAtram, yogijJAnasyAtItAnAgatArthagocarasya tadajanyasyApi prAmANyaM prati vipratipatterabhAvAt / kiMca, smRteraprAmANye'numAnAya datto jalAJjaliH, tayA vyApteraviSeyIkaraNe tadutthAnAyogAt ; liGgagrahaNa sambandhasmaraNapUrvakamanumAnamiti hi sarvavAdisiddham / tatazca smRtiH pramANam, anumAnaprAmANyAnyathAnupapatteriti siddham // 3 // 19. atha pratyabhijJAnaM lakSayati darzanasmaraNasambhavaM tadevedaM tatsadRzaM tadvilakSaNaM tatpratiyogItyAdisaGkalanaM pratyabhijJAnam // 4 // $ 10. 'darzanam' pratyakSam, 'smaraNam' smRtistAbhyAM sambhavo yasya tattathA darzanasmaraNakAraNakaM saGkalanAjJAnaM 'pratyabhijJAnam' / tasyollekhamAha - ' tadevedam', sAmAnyanirde15 zena napuMsakatvam, sa evAyaM ghaTaH, saiveyaM paTI, tadevedaM kuNDamiti / 'tatsadRzaH gosadRzo gavayaH, 'tadvilakSaNaH' govilakSaNo mahiSaH, 'tatpratiyogi' idamasmAdalpaM mahat dUramAsannaM vetyAdi / 'Adi' grahaNAt - "romazo danturaH zyAmo vAmanaH pRthulocanaH / 10 20 34 yastatra cipiTaghANastaM caitramavadhArayeH // " [ nyAyama0 pR0 143 ] "payombubhedI haMsaH syAtpadpA~dairbhramaraH smRtaH / saptaparNastu vidvadbhirvijJeyo viSamacchadaH // paJcavarNa bhavedratnaM mecakArUpaM pRthustanI / yuvatizcaikazRGgo'pi gaNDakaH parikIrtitaH // " ityevamAdizabdazravaNAttathAvidhAneva caitrahaMsAdInavalokya tatha satyApayati yadA tadA 25 tadapi saMkalanAjJAnamuktam, darzanasmaraNasambhavatvAvizeSAt / yathA vA audIcyenaM kramelakaM 1 arthajanyatvAt jJAnasya prAmANyAbhyupagame marumarIcikAdau jalajJAnamapyarthajanyatvAt pramANaM syAt / atha pratibhAsamAnArthajanyaM pramANamiSyate tadAnumAnaM na syAt pramANam / anumAnaM tyanarthasAmAnyapratibhAsi na ca tena janyam, bhavanmate sAmAnyasyAvastutvAt / yat pramANaM tadanarthajanya ( tadarthaja ) meveti ativyApti ( 0 veti vyApti)rapi duSTA svasaMvedanapratyakSeNa vyabhicArAt taddhi svAtmaviSayaM, na ca tena janyam / 2 vyApteragrahaNe'grahaNaM pramANatvAt / 3 riti // atha mu-pA / 4 kvacidvayastAbhyAmapi yathedamasmAdbhinnamityAdikaM pratyabhijJAnaM darzanAdeva smaraNarahitAt / tasmAt minnamityAdikaM kevalAdeva smaraNAt pratyamijJAnam / 5 madIyena gRhasthitena gavA sadRzo'yaM gavaya ityAdikam [atra TippaNakAreNa ubhayakAraNakatvaM udAhRtam - sampA0] / 6 ekatvasAhazyavaisadRzyAdinA'rthadvayaghaTanaM saGkalanA / 7-0 padai0 mu0 / 8 tathA vacanaM satyA 0 - De0 / 9 saMkalanamu0 - De0 / 10 atra udIcyena iti sucAru /

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pratyabhijJAyA nirUpaNam / ] pramANamImAMsA / nindatoktam 'dhikkarabhamatidIrghavakragrIvaM pralamboSTha kaThoratIkSNakaNTakAzinaM kutsitAvayavasannivezamapezaM pazUnAm' iti / tadupazrutya dAkSiNAtya uttarApathaM gatastAdRzaM vastUpalabhya ' nUnamayamartho'sya karabhazabdasya' iti [ yadavaiti ] tadapi darzanasmaraNakAraNakatvAt saGkalanAjJAnaM pratyabhijJAnam / $ 11. yeSAM tu sAdRzyaviSayamupamAnAkhyaM pramANAntaraM teSAM vailakSaNyAdiviSayaM 5 pramANAntaramanuSajyeta / yadAhu: "upamAnaM prasiddhArtha sAdharmyAt sAdhyasAdhanam / tadvaidharmyAt pramANaM kiM syAt saMjJipratipAdanam // " [ laghIya0 3.10 ] " idamalpaM mahad dUramAsannaM prAMzu neti vA / vyapakSAtaH samakSe'rthe vikalpaH sAdhanantaram ||" [ laghIya0 3. 12] iti / 10 $ 12. atha sAdharmyamupalakSaNaM yogavibhAgo vA kariSyata iti cet; tarhyakuzalaH sUtrakAraH syAt, sUtrasya lakSaNarahitatvAt / yadAhu:"alpAkSaramasandigdhaM sAravadvizvatomukham / asto bhaimanavadyaM ca sUtraM mUtravido viduH // " astobhamanadhikam / 35 6 13. nanu 'tat' iti smaraNam ' idam ' iti pratyakSamiti jJAnadvayameva, na tAbhyAmanyat pratyabhijJAnAkhyaM pramANamutpazyAmaH / naitadyuktam, smaraNapratyakSAbhyAM pratyabhijJAviSayasyArthasya grahItumazakyatvAt / pUrvAparAkAraikadhurINaM hi dravyaM pratyabhijJAnasya vissyH| na ca tat smaraNasya gocarastasyAnubhUtaviSayatvAt / yadAhu: "pUrvamitamAtre hi jAyate sa iti smRtiH / 20 sa evAyamitIyaM tu pratyabhijJA'tirekiNI ||" [ tattvasaM 0 kA 0 453 ] nApi pratyakSa gocaraH, tasyaM vartamAnavirvarttamAtravRttitvAt / na ca darzanasmaraNAbhyAmanyed jJAnaM nAsti, darzanasmaraNottarakAlabhAvino jJAnAntarasyAnubhUteH / na cAnubhUyamAnasyApalApo yuktaH atiprasaGgAt / $ 14. nanu pratyakSamevedaM pratyabhijJAnam ityeke / naivam, tasya sannihitavArtamA- 25 nikArthaviSayatvAt / " sambaddhaM vartamAnaM ca gRhyate caturAdinA" [ zlokavA 0 sUtra 4 zlo0 84 ] iti mA sma vismaraH / tato nAtItavartamAnayorekatvamadhyakSajJAnagocaraH / atha smaraNarseha 1 -0 prIvapra0tA0 / 2-0 mapasadaM -mu0 -0mapazabdaM - De0 / 3 nikRSTam / 4 tAtparya0 pR0 198 / 5 yadAha- tA0 / 6 sAdRzyasAdhanam / 7 dIrgham / apekSA tyalpamahadAdivyApArAH / 9 akSanirapekSaM mAnasaM jJAnaM vikalpaH / 10 pramANAntaraM prApnoti / 11 upamAnamiti sUtrAvayavayogaH / 12 upamAnaM dvidhA sAdharmyata vaidharmyataceti vibhAgaH / 13 pUraNArthavAdinipAtarahitamastobham / 14 tadevedamityatraikatvaM viSayaH, gosadRzo gavaya ityatra tu . sAdRzyam / 15 yadAha - tA0 / 16 pUrva pravRsamA0 - mu-pA / 17 pUrvapramitamAtrAdadhikA / 18 - 0sya tasya viva0 - De0 | 19 tasyeti pratyakSasya / 20 vivartaH pariNAmaH paryAyaH iti yAvat / 29 - 0 manyajJA0 - De0 / 22 vaizeSikAdayaH / 23 cakSurAdIndriyasambandhi / 24 sahAyam / 15

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AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA a0 1, Ava 2, sU05. kRtamindriyaM tadekatvaviSayaM pratyakSamupajanayatIti pratyakSarUpatAsya gIyata iti cet na, svaviSayaviniyamitamUrterindriyasya viSayAntare sahakArizatasamavadhAne'pyapravRtteH / nahi parimalasmaraNasahAyamapi cakSurindriyamaviSaye gandhAdau pravartate / aviSayazcAtItavartamAnA vasthAvyApyekaM dravyamindriyANAm / nApyadRSTasahakArisahitamindriyamekatvaviSayamiti 5 vaktuM yuktam uktAdeva hetoH| kiMca, adRSTasavyapekSAdevAtmanastadvijJAnaM bhavatIti varaM vaktuM yuktam / dRzyate hi svamavidyodisaMskRtAdAtmano viSayAntare'pi vishissttjnyaanotpttiH| nanu yathAJjanAdisaMskRtaM cakSuH sAtizayaM bhavati tathA smaraNasahakRtamekatvaviSayaM bhaviSyati / naivam , indriyasya svaviSayAnatilaGghanenaivAtizayopalabdheH, na viSayAntaragrahaNa rUpeNa / yadAha bhaTTaH10. "yazcApyatizayo dRSTaH sa svArthAnatilacanAt / / dUrasUkSmAdiSTau syAt na rUpe shrotrvRttitH||" [ zlokavA0 sUtra 2 zlo0 114 ] iti / tat sthitametat viSayabhedAtpratyakSAdanyatparokSAntargataM pratyabhijJAnamiti / ____15. na caitadapramANam visaMvAdAbhAvAt / kvacidvisaMvAdAdaprAmANye pratyakSasyApi - tathA prasaGgo durnivAraH / pratyabhijJAnaparicchinnasya cAtmAdInAmekatvasyAbhAve bandhamo15 kSavyavasthA nopapadyate / ekasyaiva hi baddhatve muktatve ca baddho duHkhitamAtmAnaM jAnan muktisukhArthI prayateta / bhede tvanya eva duHkhyanya eva sukhIti kaH kimarthaM vA prayateta / tasmAtsakalasya dRSTAdRSTavyavahArasyaikatvamUlatvAdekatvasya ca pratyabhijJAyattajIvitatvAdbha- vati pratyabhijJA pramANamiti // 4 // 16. athohasya lakSaNamAha20 upalambhAnupalambhanimittaM vyAptijJAnam UhaH // 5 // -- 617. 'upalambhaH' pramANamAtramatra gRhyate na pratyakSameva anumeyasyApi sodhanasya sambhavAt , pratyakSavadanumeyeSvapi vyApteravirodhAt / 'vyAptiH' vakSyamANA tasyA 'jJAnam tadgrAhI nirNayavizeSa 'uuhH'| 618. na cAyaM vyAptigrahaH pratyakSAdeveti vaktavyam / nahi pratyakSaM yAvAn kazcid 25 dhUmaH sa dezAntare kAlAntare vA pAvakasyaiva kArya nArthAntarasyetIyato vyApArAn kartu samartha sanihitaviSayabalotpatteravicArakatvAca / ___6 19. nApyanumAnAt , tasyApi vyAptigrahaNakAle yogIva pramAtA sampadyata itye.1 svvissyvaartmaanikruupaadau| 2 viSayAntare gndhaadau| 3 adRSTaM bhAgyaM karmetyarthaH / 4 viSayAntarA. pravRttirUpAkhetoH / 5-0dyAsaM0-De0 / 6 nahi saMskRtamapi cakSurgandhAdigrahaNe zaktam / 7svaviSaya0 / . dUrasUkSmAdidarzanena cakSuSo'tizayo bhavati, na zravaNasya, rUpaviSayeSvavyApArAt / nahi rUpe zrautrI vRttiH saMkrAmati / 10 viSayabhedAdityayaM hetuH / 11 yathA sa eva kSipro jakSyate (1) / 12.saM evAyamiti / 13-0tve sati ca-De / 14-0sya dRSTavya0-De0 / 15 zabdAnityatve sAdhye kRtakatvaM hi sAdhanam pratyayabhedabheditve. nAnumeyam / 16 bASpAdibhAvena sandihyamAne dhUme'gneranumeyasyApi sAdhanatvaM vkssyte|

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Uhasya nirUpaNam / ] . pramANamImAMsA / 'vabhUtabhArAsamarthatvAt / sAmarthya'pi prakRtamevAnumAnaM vyAptigrAhakam , anumAnAntaraM vA 1 / tatra prakRtAnumAnAt vyaaptiprtipttaavitretraashryH| vyAptau hi pratipannAyAmanumAnamAtmAnamAsAdayati, tadAtmalAbhe ca vyAptipratipattiriti / anumAnAntarAttu vyAptipratipattAvanavasthA tasyApi gRhItavyApikasyaiva prakRtAnumAnavyAptigrAhakatvAt / tadyAptigrahazca yadi svata eva, tadA pUrveNa kimaparAddhaM yenAnumAnAntaraM mRgyate / anumAnAntareNa cet ; 5 tarhi yugasahasreSvapi vyAptigrahaNAsambhavaH / . . 20. nanu yadi nirvikalpakaM pratyakSamavicArakam tarhi tatpRSThabhAvI vikalpo vyAptiM grahISyatIti cet ; naitat , nirvikalpakena vyApteragrahaNe vikalpena grahItumazakyatvAt nirvikalpakagRhItArthaviSayatvAdvikalpasya / atha nirvikalpakaviSayanirapekSooNntaragocaro vikalpaH; sa tarhi pramANamapramANaM vA ? / pramANatve pratyakSAnumAnAtiriktaM pramANAntaraM 10 titikSitavyam / aprAmANye tu tato vyAptigrahaNazraddhA ssnnddhaattnydohdH| etena-"anupalambhAt kAraNavyApakAnupalambhAca kAryakAraNavyApyavyApakabhAvAvagamaH" iti pratyuktam , anupalambhasya pratyakSavizeSatvena kAraNavyApakAnupalambhayozca liGgatvena tajjenitasya tasyAnumAnatvAt , pratyakSAnumAnAbhyAM ca vyAptigrahaNe doSasyAbhihitatvAt / / 21. vaizeSikAstu pratyakSaphalenohApohavikalpajJAnena vyaaptiprtipttirityaahuH| 15 teSAmapyadhyakSaphalasya pratyakSAnumAnayoranyataratve vyApteraviSayIkaraNam , tadanyatve ca / / prmaannaantrtvprsktiH| atha vyAptivikalpasya phalevAna pramANatvamanuyoktuM yuktam / na, etatphalasyAnumAnalakSaNaphalahetutayA pramANatvAvirodhAt sannikarSaphalasya vizeSaNajJAnasyeva vizeSyajJAnApekSayeti / ___6 22. yaugAstu tarkasahitAt pratyakSAdeva vyAptigraha ityAhuH / teSAmapi yadi 20 na kevalAt pratyakSAbyAptigrahaH kintu tarkasahakRtAt tarhi todeva vyAptigraho'stu / kimasya / tapasvino yazomArjanena, pratyakSasya vA tarkaprasAdalabdhavyAptigrahApalApakRtaghnatvAropeNeti / atha tarkaH pramANaM na bhavatIti na tato vyAptigrahaNamiSyate / kutaH punarasya na pramANatvam , avyabhicArastAvadihApi pramANAntarasAdhAraNo'styevaM ? / vyAptilakSaNena viSayeNa viSa 1-0shrym-dde0|2-0tve na prty0-dde0|3 etenAnupalambhAt kaary0-dde0|4(1) na upalambhAt prtykssaat| nAnumAnAt / nA'tra dhUmo'gnerabhAvAdityanupalambhaH // 1 // nAtra ziMzapA vRkSA'bhAvAt // 2 // "dhUmAdhI[3] vahivijJAnaM dhUmakSAnamadhIstayoH / pratyakSAnupalammAbhyAmiti pnycbhirndhyH||" 5 (1) nAstyatra ghaTo anupalambhAt pratyakSAnupalambhAdityarthaH, svabhAvAnupalambho hi dhUmAdhIrityullekhalakSaNaH kAryakAraNavyApyavyApakabhAvAvagame vyApiparti tatastasmAdapi bhavati sa bauddhmte| 6(2) kAryakAraNasyAvagamo vyApakAnupalambhAdvayApyavyApakatvasyAnupalambhAt tUbhayasya kintu sopyuuhaadeveti| 7 nirAkRtam / anumaantven| 9 yaddhi liGgAjAyate jJAnaM tadanumAnameva / 10 pratyakSasya hi phalaM pratyakSamanumAnaM vA / tatra pratyakSaM ghaTo'yamiti anumAnaM tu agniratra dhUmAditi / 11 agrahaNamityuktayukteH / 12 pratyakSaphalatveneti hi uktam / 13 phalasyApyanu0-mu-pA0 / 14 sAmAnyajJAnAdvizeSajJAnam (1) / 15 vizeSyajJAnaM vizeSaNajJAnaM pramANam (?) / 16 vyApyAbhyupagame vyApakaprasaJjanaM trkH| (17"vyApakaM tadataniSThaM vyApyaM taniSThameva c| sAyaM vyApakamityAhuH sAdhanaM vyApyamucyate // " "yoge'nvayavasyevaM vyatireke vipryyH|" 1.-stveva-De / 19 prameyAdhInA prmaannvyvsthaa|

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5 38 AcAryazrI hemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A02, sU0 6-9. yavazvamapi na nAsti / tasmAt pramANAntarAgRhItavyAptigrahaNapravaNaH pramANAntaramUhaH // 15 // $ 23. vyAptiM lakSayati 3 $ 24, 'vyAptiH" iti yo vyApnoti yaMzca vyApyate tayorubhayordharmaH / tatra yadA vyApaka'dharmatayA vivakSyate tadA 'vyApakasyai' gamyasya 'vyApye' dhamrme 'sati', yatra dharmiNi vyAyamasti tatra sarvatra 'bhAva eva' vyApakasya svagato dharmo vyAptiH / tatazca vyApyabhAvApekSA vyApyasyaivaM vyAptatApratItiH / natvevamavadhAryate - vyApakasyaiva vyApye sati bhAva iti, hetvabhAvaprasaGgAt avyApakasyApi mUrtatvAdestatra bhAvAt / nApi - vyApye satyevetyavadhAryate, 10 prayatnAnantarIyakatvAderahetutvApatteH, sAdhAraNazca hetuH syAnnityatvasya prameyeSveva bhAvAt / 20 vyAptirvyApakasya vyApye sati bhAva eva vyApyasya. vA tatraiva bhAvaH // 6 // 6- 25. yadA tu vyApyadharmatayA vyAptirvivakSyate tadA 'vyApyasya vA' gamakasya 'tatraiva' vyApake gamye sati yatra dharmiNi vyApako'sti tatraiva 'bhAvaH' na tadabhAve'pi vyAptiriti / atrApi naivamavadhAryate - vyApyasyaiva tatra bhAva iti hetvabhAvaprasaGgAdavyApyasyApi taMtra bhAvAt / nApi - vyApyasya taMtra bhAva eveti, sapakSaikadezaSvRtterahetutvaprApteH sAdhAraNasya ca 15 hetutvaM syAt, prameyatvasya nityeSvavazyaMbhAvAditi / $ 26. vyApyavyApakadharmatAsaGkIrtanaM tu vyApterubhaMyaMtra tulyadharmatayaikAkArA pratItirmA bhUditi pradarzanArtham / tathAhi - pUrvatrAMyogavyavacchedenAvadhAraNam uttatrAnyayogavyavacchedeneti kuta ubhayatraikAkAratA vyApteH ? / taduktam " liGge liGgI bhavatyeva liGginyevetarat punaH / niyamasya viparyAsessambandho liGgaliGginoH / / " iti / / 6 / / $ 27. atha kramaprAptamanumAnaM lakSayati sAdhanAtsAdhyavijJAnam anumAnam // 7 // 1 agnyAdiH / 2 dhUmAdiH / 3 parvataH (1) / 4 agnitayA / 5 agnirUpasya sAdhyasya / 6 dhUme / 7 parvatAdau / dhUmaH / 9 nanu vyApterubhayadharmAvizeSe kathaM vyAptatApratItiH hetoreva na vyApakasyApi hetoreva hi vyAptatAM smaranti tathA cAhuH - " vyApto hetustridhaiva saH" [ hetu0 1] ityAzaGkyAha--tatazceti / 10 - 0 pekSayA - De0 | 11 vyApyasyaiva pratItiH - tA0 / 12-0syaiva vyApyatApratItiH - mu0 / 13 vyApakena sAdhyayena kartrA vyApyabhAvo vyApyatvaM hetostadA ( da )pekSate vyAptatApratItiH / 14 agnerhetutvaM syAt (?) / 15 [a]vyApakasyApi hetormUrtatvAdestatra parvate bhAvAt / 16 kRtakatvAdeH atra hi vyApyasya sattvameva nAsti vidyudAdinA vyabhicArAt / vidyudAdau vyApakatvama ( kama ) nityatvaM prayatnAnantarIyakatvAdivinApyasti iti / 17 sAdhAraNahetvAbhAso'samyag hetuH syAditi / 18 parvatAdau / 19 vyApyasya dhUmasya hetutvaM na syAt / vyAptau satyAM hetubhAvaH / vyAptistvIdRzI kutrApi nAsti / 20 vyApakasyApi vastatra parvate bhAvAt / 21 yatra byApako'sti tatra / 22 ubhayatreti sAdhye sAdhane ca / 23 bhAva eva / 24 vyApakadharmatve / 25 liGga eva liGgI liGgini sati itaradbhavatyeveti viparyAsaH /

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svArthAnumAnasya nirUpaNam / ] . pramANamImAMsA / ....6 28. sAdhanaM sAdhyaM ca vakSyamANalakSaNam / dRSTAdupadiSTAdvI 'sAdhanAt yat 'sAdhyasyA 'vijJAnam' samyagarthanirNayAtmakaM tadanumIyate'neneti 'anumAnam' liGgagrahaNasambandhasmaraNayoH pazcAt paricchedanam // 7 // .. tat dvidhA svArtha parArthaM ca // 8 // 629. 'tat' anumAnaM dviprakAra svArtha-parArthabhedAt / svavyAmohanivartanakSamam 5 'svArtham' / paravyAmohanivartanakSamam 'parArtham // 8 // 30. tatra svArtha lakSayatisvArtha svanizcitasAdhyAvinAbhAvaikalakSaNAt sAdha nAt sAdhyajJAnam // 9 // 31. sAdhyaM vinA'bhavanaM sAdhyAvinAbhAvaH svenAtmanA nizcitaH sAdhyAvinA- 10 bhAvaM evaikaM lakSaNaM yasya tat 'svanizcitasAdhyAvinAbhAvaikalakSaNam' tasmAttathAvidhAt 'sAdhanAt' liGgAt 'sAdhyasya' liGgino 'jJAnama' 'svArtham' anumAnam / iha ca nayogyatayA liGgaM parokSArthapratipatteraGgam , yathA bIjamaGkarasya, aMdRSTAd dhUmAdagnerapratipatteH; nApi svanizca(svaviSa)yajJAnApekSaM yathA pradIpo ghaTAdeH, dRSTAdapyanizcitAvinAbhAvAdapratipatteH / tasmAtparokSArthanAntarIyakatayA nizcayanameva liGgasya vyApAra iti 'nizcita grahaNam / 15 32. nanu cAsiddhaviruddhAnaikAntikahetvAbhAsanirAkaraNArtha hetoH pakSadharmatvam , sapakSe sattvam , vipakSAd vyAvRttiriti trailakSaNyamAcakSate bhikssvH| tathAhi-anumeye dharmiNi liGgasya satvameva nizcitamityekaM rUpam / atra satvavacanenAsiddhaM cAhUMSatvAdi nirastam / evakAreNa pakSakadezAsiddho nirasto yathA anityAni pRthivyAdIni bhUtAni gandhavattvAt / atra pakSIkRteSu pRthivyAdiSu catuSu bhUteSu pRthivyAmeva gandhavattvam / sattvavacanasya pazcA- 20 skRtenaivakAreNAsAdhAraNo dharmo nirastaH / yadi hyanumeya eva sattvamityucyeta zrAvaNetvameva hetuH syAt / nizcitagrahaNena sandigdhIsiddhaH sarvo nirastaH / sapakSe eva sattvaM nizcitamiti dvitIyaM rUpam / ihApi sattvagrahaNena viruddho nirstH| sa hi nAsti spksse| evakAreNa sAdhAraNAnaikAntikaH, sa hi na sapakSe eva vartate kiM tu vipakSepi / sattvagrahaNAt pUrvamavadhAraNakaraNena sapakSAvyApino'pi prayatnAnantarIyakatvAderhetutvamuktam, pazcAdavadhAraNe 25 1 dRSTipathamAgatAt / 2 parArthAnumAne kathitAt / 3 anena ataH pazcAdarthatA / 4 svasmAyidaM khArtha yena khayaM prtipdyte| 5parasmAyidaM parArtha yena paraH prtipdyte| 6-0zcitaM sA0-De / 7-0bhAvaika. -dde0| -agnijJAnaM prati dhUmasya yogyatA zaktivizeSo'styeva paraM dRSTo hi dhUmo dhUmadhvajaM gamayati nAdRSTa iti / 9 etena dhUmo dhUmavattvena nizcitAvinAbhAvasya gamako nAnyathA ityAveditam / 10 yathA'nityaH zabdaH cAkSuSatvAt ghaTavadityatra zabde cAkSuSatvamasiddham / 11 sattvapadA'grataH / 12-0zrAvaNameva-De / 13 yathA'nityaH zabdaH. zrAvaNAtvAdityanityatve sAdhye zrAvaNatvameva heturghaTe vyabhicaratIti / 14 dhUmo bASpo vA iti sandehe dhUmAderagnisAdhanam / 15 anena sattvavacanena sAdhAraNo'pi nirsyte| 16 nirasta iti saMbandhaH / 17 yathA anityaH zabdaH prayatnAnantarIyakatvAt ghaTavat / ghaTe prayatnAnantarIyakatvaM vidyate, na vidyuti param, tathApi prayanAnantarIyakatvasya hetutvaM sapakSakadezatvAt /

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40 AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A0 2, sU0 9-12. hi ayamarthaH syAt-sapakSe sattvameva yasya sa heturiti prayatnAnantarIyakatvaM na hetuH syAt / nizcitavacanena sandigdhAnvayo'naikAntiko nirastaH yathA sarvaH kazcidvaktRtvAt , vaktRtvaM hi sapaMkSe sarvajJe sandigdham / vipakSe tvasattvameva nizcitamiti tRtIyaM rUpam / tatrAsata grahaNena viruddhasya niraasH| viruddho hi vipakSe'sti / evakAreNa sAdhAraNasya vipakSaka5 dezavRtternirAsaH, prayatnAnantarIyakatve hi sAdhye nityatvaM vipakSakadeze vidyudAdAvasti, AkAzAdau nAsti / tato niyamenAsya nirAso'satvazabdAt / pUrvasminavadhAraNe hi ayamarthaH syAt-vipakSaM eva yo nAsti sa hetuH, tathA ca prayatnAnantarIyakatvaM sapakSe'pi nAsti tato na hetuH syAttataH pUrva na kRtam / nizcitagrahaNena sandigdhavipakSavyAvRttiko'naikA ntiko nirastaH / tadevaM trairUpyameSa hetorasiddhAdidoSaparihArakSamamiti tadevAbhyupagantuM 10 yuktamiti kimekalakSaNakatveneti / 6 33. tadayuktam , avinAbhAvaniyamanizcayAdeva doSatrayaparihAropapatteH / avinAbhAvo hyanyathAnupapanatvam / taccAsiddhasya viruddhasya vyabhicAriNo vA na sambhavati / trairUpye tu satyapyavinAbhAvAbhAve hetoragamakatvadarzanAt , yathA sa zyAmo maitratanayatvAt itaramaitraputravadityatra / atha vipakSAniyamavatI vyAvRttistatra na dRzyate tato na gama15 katvam ; tarhi tasyA evAvinAbhAvarUpatvAditararUpasadbhAve'pi tadabhAve hetoH svasAdhya siddhi prati gamakatvAniSTau saiva pradhAnaM lakSaNamastu / tatsadbhAve'pararUpadvayanirapekSatayA gamakatvopapattazca, yathA santyadvaitavAdino'pi pramANAni iSTAniSTasAdhaiMnadUSaNAnyathAnupapapatteH / na cAtra pakSadharmatvaM sapakSe satcaM cAsti, kevalamavinAbhAvamAtreNa gamakatvopa pttiH| nanu pakSadharmatA'bhAve zvetaH prAsAdaH kAkasya kAAdityAdayo'pi hetavaH 20 prasajyeran ; naivam , avinAbhAvabalenaivApakSadharmANAmapi gamakatvAbhyupagamAt / na ceha so'sti| tato'vinAbhAva eva hetoH pradhAnaM lakSaNamabhyupagantavyam , sati tasminnasatyapi trailakSaNye hetorgamakatvadarzanAt / na tu trairUpyaM hetulakSaNam avyApakatvAt / tathA ca sarva kSaNikaM satcAdityatra mUrddhAbhiSikte sAdhane saugataiH sapakSe'sato'pi hetoH sattvasya gama katvamiSyata eva / taduktam25 . "anyathA'nupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim ? / . . . . nAnyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim ? // " iti / 1 sapakSe darzanamanvayaH / 2 mImAMsakaM prati jano vkti| 3 sarvajJasya sarvasya sapakSatvAt / 4 anityo ghaTaH kRtakatvAt zabdavat / kRtakatvaM zabde'sti naakaashaadau| 5 yathA prayatnAnantarIyakaH zabdo anityatvAt ghaTavat / 6 sapakSe tvasti eva / 7 yathA asarvajJo'yaM vaktRtvAt / anaikAntikasya / 9.pUrvasminnanumAne / 10 pakSadharmatvasapakSasattvalakSaNaM rUpadvayaM / 11 vipakSAniyamavatyA vyAvRtterabhAve / 12 vipakSAmiyamavatyA vyA. vRttaH / 13 zUnyAdvaitavAdinaH / 14 tanmate pramANalakSaNaH pakSo'pi nAsti kutaH pkssdhrmtaa?| 15-0papatteHmu-pA0 / 16 sa zyAmo maitraatnytvaadityaadii|

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avinAdhAvasya nirUpaNam / pramANamImAMsA / 634. evena paJcalakSaNakatvamapi naiyAyikoktaM pratyuktam , tasyApyavinAbhAvaprapaJcatvAt / tathAhi-trairUpyaM pUrvoktam , abAdhitaviSayatvam , asatpratipakSatvaM ceti paJca rUpANi / tatra pratyakSAgamavAdhitakarmanirdezAnantaraprayuktatvaM bAdhitaviSayatvaM yathA'nuSNastejovayavI kutakatvAt ghaTavat / brAmaNena surApeyA dravadravyatvAt kSIravat iti| taniSedhAdabAdhitaviSayatvam / pratipakSahetubAdhitatvaM satpratipakSatvaM yathA'nityaH zabdo nityadharmAnupalabdhe / atra pratipakSahetu:-nityaH zabdo'nityadharmAnupalabdheriti / taniSedhAdasatpratipakSatvam / tatra bASitaviSayasya satpratipakSasya cAvinAbhAvAbhAvAdavinAbhAvenaiva rUpadvayamapi saGgahItam / yadAha-bAdhAvinAbhAvayorvirodhAt" [ hetu pari0 4] iti / api ca, svalakSaNalakSitapakSaviSayatvAbhAvAt tadoSeNaiva doSadvayamidaM caritArtha kiM punarvacanena ? / tat sthitametat sAdhyAvinAbhauvakalakSaNAditi // 9 // - 10 35. tatrAvinAbhAvaM lakSayatisahakramabhAvinoH sahakramabhAvaniyamo'vinAbhAvaH // 10 // 6 36. 'sahabhAvinoH ekasAmagryadhInayoH phalAdigatayo rUparasayoH vyApyavyApakayoSa ziMzapAtvavRkSatvayoH, 'kramabhAvino' kRttikodayazakaTodayayoH, kAryakAraNayozca dhUmadhUmadhvajayoryathAsaGkhyaM yaH 'sahakramabhAvaniyamaH'-sahabhAvinoH sahabhAvaniyamaH kramamA- 15 vinoH kramamAvaniyamaH, sAdhyasAdhanayoriti prakaraNAllabhyate saH 'avinAbhAvaH // 10 // 6 37. athaivaMvidho'vinAbhAvo nizcitaH sAdhyapratipasyaGgamityuktam / tanizcayazca kutaH pramANAt / na tAvat pratyakSAt , tasyaindriyakasya sannihitaviSayaviniyamitavyApAratvAt / manastu yadyapi sarvaviSayaM tathApIndriyagRhItArthagocaratvenaiva tasya prvRttiH| anyathAndha-badhirAdhabhAvaprasaGgaH / sarvaviSayatA tu sakalendriyagocarArthaviSayatvenaivocyate 20 *na svAtantryeNa / yogipratyakSeNa tvavinAbhAvagrahaNe'numeyArthapratipaittireva tato'stu, kiM tapasvinA'numAnena / anumAnAtvavinAbhAvanizcaye'naivasthetaretarAzrayadoSaprasaGga ukta eva / na ca pramANAntaramevaMvidhaviSayagrahaNapravaNamastItyAha UhAt tannizcayaH // 11 // 38. 'UhAt'tarkAduktalakSaNAttasyAvinAbhAvasya 'nizcayaH // 11 // 639. lakSitaM parIkSitaM ca sAdhanam / idAnIM tat vibhajati 1 sAdhyamanumeyamiti yAvat / 2-0tadharma0-70 / 3 tAtparya pR0 340.|4-0sy tatpra0-De / 5 ydaahuH-taa| 6 pkssdossaavevaitau| 7sAdhyasAdhanayoH / 8 khanizcita ityanena nizcitaH san / 9 pratyakSAgrAhyabAhyArthApekSayA sukhAdIzca evameva gRhNAti / 10 manasaiva sarvendriyArthagrahaNAt / 11 agnyAdi / 12.pattirapi tto0-dde|93 anumAnato hyavinAbhAvanizcaye tasyApyanumAnasyAvinAbhAvanizcaye kamanamAnAstaraM cintyam (1) / tasyApi anyadityAyanavasthA / itaretarAzrayastu anumAnAdavinAbhAvanizcayo avinAbhAve ca nizcite anumaanotthaanmiti|

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__ AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [20 1, A02, sU0 12. svabhAvaH kAraNaM kAryamekArthasamavAyi virodhi ceti paJcadhA sAdhanam // 12 // ... 40. svabhAvAdIni catvAri vidheH sAdhanAni, virodhi tu niSedhasyeti paJcavidham 'sAdhanam' / 'svabhAvaH' yathA zabdAnityatve sAdhye kRtakatvaM zrAvaNatvaM vA / 5 . 41. nanu zrAvaNatvasyAsAdhAraNatvAt kathaM vyAptisiddhiH / viparyaye bAdhaka pramANabalAt satvasyeveti brUmaH / na caivaM sattvameva hetuH tadvizeSasyotpattimattva-kRtakatvaprayatnAnantarIyakatva-pratyayabhedabheditvAderahetutvApatteH / kiMca, kimidamasAdhAraNatvaM nAma ? / yadi pakSa eva vartamAnatvam / tat sarvasmin kSaNike sAdhye satvasyApi samAnam / sAdhyadharmavataH pakSasyApi sapakSatA cet ; iha kaH pradveSaH 1 / pakSAdanyasyaiva sapakSatve loha10 lekhyaM vajra pArthivatvAt kASThavadityatra pArthivatvamapi lohalekhyatAM vaje gamayet / anyathA nupapatterabhAvAnneti cet idameva tarhi hetulakSaNamastu / apakSadharmasyApi sAdhanatvApattiriti cet / astu yadyavinAbhAvo'sti, zakaTodaye kRttikodayasya, sarvajJasadbhAve saMvAdina upadezasye gamakatvadarzanAt / kAkasya kASNyaM na prAsAde dhAvalyaM vinAnupapadyamAna mityanekAntAdagamakam / tathA, ghaTe cAkSuSatvaM zabde'nityatAM vinApyupapadyamAnamiti / 15 tana zrAvaNatvAdirasAdhAraNo'pyanityatAM vyabhicarati / nanu kRtakatvAcchabdasyAnityatve sAdhye paryAyavad. dravye'pyanityatA prAmoti / naivam , paryAyANAmevAnityatAyAH sAdhyatvAt , anuktamapIcchAviSayIkRtaM sAdhyaM bhavatIti kiM sma prasmarati bhavAn ? / nanu kRtakatvAnityatvayostAdAtmye sAdhanavat sAdhyasya siddhatvam , sAdhyavacca sAdhanasya sAdhyatvaM prasajati / satyametat , kiM tu mohanivartanArthaH prayogaH / yadAha "sAderapi na sAntatvaM vyaamohaadyo'dhigcchti| sAdhyasAdhanakasya taM prati syAnna dossbhaak||" ... 42. 'koraNaM' yathA bASpabhAvena mazaMkavartirUpatayA vA sandiyamAne dhUme'gniH, viziSTameghotirvA vRSTau / kathamayamAbAlagopAlAvipAlAGganAdiprasiddho'pi nopalabdhaH sUkSmadarzinApi nyAyavAdinA ? / kAraNavizeSadarzanAddhi sarvaH kAryArthI pravartate / sa tu '25 vizeSo jJAtavyo yo'vyabhicArI / kAraNatvanizcayAdeva pravRttiriti cet, astvasau 1 anityatvaviparIte nityatve azrAvyarUpaH pUrvaM zabdaH pazcAt kathaM uccAraNAt zrAvyo jAta iti bAdhakapramANaM tasmAnityatve'ghaTamAnakaM zrAvaNa[tva manityatvaM vyvsthaapyti| 2sattvamarthakriyAkAritvam / taccAnityapakSa eva ghaTata iti zrAvaNatvamapi sattvamAyAtam / 3-0tutvopapatteH-tA0 / 4 gamye( yazakaTo. dayAbhAve kRttikodyaat| 5 kazcit puruSaH sarvabhAvasAkSAtkartA'sti avisaMvAdijyotirjJAnAnyathAnupapatteH / 6 zabdo'nityaH cAkSuSatvAdityasminnanumAne zabdAnityatA vinA'pi ghaTAdau cAkSuSatvamupapadyate ityanyatropapadyamAnaM zabdasyAnityatAM na saadhyti| 7 sma vism0-dde0| 8 anityatvam / karaNam-mu10mazavarti0-De / 11 ayaM dhUmo'gneH / 12 vRSTi vinI vishissttmeghonnteH| 13 gamyAyAM vRSTau / 14 sUrirAha / 15 avikalakAraNam /

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sAdhanasya nirUpaNam / pramANamImAMsA / liGgavizeSanizcayaH pratyakSakRtaH, phale tu bhAvini nAnumAnAdanyanibandhanamutpazyAmaH / kacid vyabhicArAt sarvasya hetorahetutve kAryasyApi tathA prasaGgaH / bASpAderakAryatvAbheti cet / atrApi yat yato na bhavati na tat tasya kAraNamityadoSaH / yathaiva hi kiJcit kAraNamuddizya kiJcitkAryam tathaiva kizcit kAryamuddizya kizcit kAraNam / yadvadevAjanaka prati na kAryatvam , tadvadevAjanyaM prati na kAraNatvamiti nAnayoH kazcidvizeSaH / api / ca rasAdekasAmagrayanumAnena rUpAnumAnamicchatA nyAyavAdineSTameva kAraNasya hetutvm| yadAha- . "ekasAmagryadhInasya rUpAde rasato gtiH| hetudharmAnumAnena dhUmendhanavikAravat // " [pramANavA0 1. 10] iti / 643. na ca vayamapi yasya kasyacit kAraNasya hetutvaM brUmaH / api tu yasya 10 na mantrAdinA zaktipratibandho na vA kAraNAntaravaikalyam / tat kuto vijJAyata iti cet / asti tAvadviguNAditarasya vizeSaH / tatparijJAnaM tu prAyaH pAMzurapAdAnAmapyasti / yadAhuH "gmbhiirgrjitaarmbhnibhinngirighraaH|| . svagattaDillatAsaGgapizaGgottuGgavigrahAH // " nyAyama0 pR. 129] - 15 "rolambagavalavyAlatamAlamAlinatviSaH / vRSTiM vyabhicarantIha naivaMprAyAH pyomucH||" ["SaDda0 20"] iti / $ 44. 'kAryam' yathA vRSTau viziSTanadIpUraH, kRzAnau dhUmaH, caitanye prANAdiH / pUrasya vaiziSTayaM kathaM vijJAyata iti cet ; uktamatra naiyAyikaiH / yadAhu~H"mAvartavartanAzAlivizAlakaluSodakaH / .. 20 kllolvikttaasphaakhrphuttphencchttaangkitH|| vhdbhlshevaalphlshaaiilskulH| nadIpuravizeSo'pi zakyate na na veditum ? // " [nyAyama0 pR. 130] iti dhUmaprANAdInAmapi kAryatvanizcayo na duSkaraH / yadAhu~H "kArya dhUmo hutabhujaH kaarydhrmaanuvRttitH| ... sa bhavastabhAve'pi hetumattAM vilavayet // " [ pramANavA0 1.35 ] 25 1 pratyakSataH -mu-paa0| 2 nAvazyaM kAraNAni kaaryvnti| 3 kArya gmkN| 4 yadAhuH -taa| 5 yathA dhUmAdamirjAyate tathAgnirindhana( ? )vikArakartA dAhako'pi jJAyate / ayaM raso viziSTasAmagrIvA(mA)n vaiziSTyasyAnyathAnupapattariti kAraNA(kAryA)dviziSTasAmagrIjJAnaM tasmAca rUpAdijanakatvajJAnam / 6 hetuH kAraNaM tasya dharmo rUpAdijanakatvaM tasyAnumAnaM tasya liGgAt paricchedaH / 7 sahakArikAraNam / sAkalyamapratibaddhasvabhAvazca / 9 haladharAdInAmapi / 10 prANAdi puu0-taa0| 11 kathaM jJAya De0 / 12 yadAha -taa| 23-0sphaTaH phen-dde| 14 zADvala -dde0| 15 zakyate na nive0-De / 16 yadAha -taa| 27 kAryadharmaH kAraNe sati bhavanam , kAraNA'bhAve vA'bhavanam /

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AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A0 2, sU0 12,13. 45. kAraNAbhAve'pi kAryasya bhAve ahetutvamanyahetutvaM vA bhavet / ahetutve sadA sattvamasattvaM vA bhavet / anyahetutve dRSTAdanyato'pi bhavato na dRSTajanyatA anyAbhAve'pi dRSTAdbhavato nAnyahetukatvamityahetukataiva syAt / tatra coktam-"yastvanyatopa bhavannupalabdho na tasya dhUmatvaM hetubhedaat| kAraNaM ca vahimasya ityuktm|" / api ca "agnisvabhAvaH zakrasya mUrdA yadyagnireva sH| athAnanisvabhAvo'saudhUmastatra kathaM bhvet||" [pramANavA0 1. 37] iti / $ 46. tathA cetanAM vinAnupapadyamAnaH kArya prANAdiranumApayati tAM zrAvaNatvamivAnityatAm , viparyaye bAdhakavazAtsattvasyevAsyApi vyAptisiddherityuktaprAyam / tanna 10 prANAdirasAdhAraNo'pi cetanAM vyabhicarati / 47. kiMca, nAnvayo heto rUpaM tadabhAve hetvAbhAsAbhAvAt / vipakSa eva san viruddhaH, vipakSe'pi-anaikAntikaH, sarvajJatve sAdhye vaktRtvasyApi vyatirekAbhAva eva hetvAbhAsatve nimittam , nAnvayasandeha iti nyAyavAdinApi vyatirekAmAvAdeva hetvA bhAsAvuktau / asAdhAraNo'pi yadi sAdhyAbhAve'samiti nizcIyeta tadA prakArAntarA13 bhAvAtsAdhyamupasthApayamAnaikAntikaH syAt / api ca yadyanvayo rUpaM syAt tadA yathA vipakSakadezavRtteH kathaJcidavyatirekAdagamakatvam , evaM sapakSaikadezavRtterapi syAt kathacidananvayAt / yadAha "rUpaM yadyanvayo hetoya'tirekavAdiSyate / sa sapakSobhayo na syAdasapakSobhayo yathA // " 20 sapakSa eva satvamanvayo na sapakSe sattvameveti cet, astu, sa tu vyatireka evetyasmanmatamevAGgIkRtaM syAt / vayamapi hi pratyapIpadAma anyathAnupapattyekalakSaNo heturiti / 48. tathA, ekasminnarthe dRSTe'dRSTe vA samavAyyAzritaM sAdhanaM sAdhyena / taccaikArthasamavAyitvam ekaphalAdigatayo rUparasayoH, zakaTodaya-kRttikodayayoH, candrodaya-samudrayoH, vRSTi-sANDapipIlikAkSobhayoH, naagvlliidaah-ptrkothyoH| tatra 'ekArthasamavAyI' 25 raso rUpasya, rUpaM vA rasasya; nahi samAnakAlabhAvinoH kAryakAraNabhAvaH sambhavati / 49. nanu samAnakIlakAryajanakaM kAraNamanumAsyate iti cet, na tarhi kAryamanumitaM syAt / kAraNAnumAne sAmarthyAt kAryamanumitameva, janyAbhAve janakatvAbhAvA 1 ahetukatvam / 2 agneranyo heturasya / 3 vA anya -De / vA bhAvayet anya0 -mu-pA0 / valmIkasya / 5 na kevalaM sapakSe kintu vipakSe'pi / 6 sapakSe ubhayaM sattvamasattvaM vA yasya / 7 samavAyAzritam-tA0 / 8 idaM phalaM viziSTarUpavat viziSTarasavattvAt / idaM nabhaHkhaNDaM bhAvizakaTodayaM kRttikodaya"vattvAt / ayaM kAlaH samudravRddhimAn candrodayavattvAt / evam apre'pi kAlo dhrmii| 9-0gtruup0-dde| 10 kAryarUpAdrUpakAraNaM jJAyate / tacca kIdRzam / samAnakAlaM yatkArya rasalakSaNaM tajanakamanumIyate /

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sAdhyasya nirUpaNam / ] . pramANamImAMsA / diti cet ; hantaivaM kAraNaM kAryasyAnumApakamityaniSTamApadyeta / zakaTodayakRttikodayAdInAM tu yathA'vinAbhAvaM sAdhyasAdhanabhAvaH / yadAha "ekArthasamavAyastu yathA yeSAM tathaiva te / gamakA gamakastanna zakaTaH kRttikoditeH||" evamanyeSvapi sAdhaneSu vAcyam / nanu kRtakatvAnityatvayorekArthasamavAyaH kasmAme- 5 pyate ?; na, tayorekatvAt / yadAha- "prAcantApekSiNI sattA kRtktvmnitytaa| / ___ ekeva hetuH sAdhyaM ca iyaM naikAzrayaM ttH||" iti / 650. svabhAvAdInAM caturNA sAdhanAnAM vidhisAdhanatA, niSedhasAdhanatvaM tu virodhinaH / sa hi svasannidhAnenetarasya pratiSedhaM sAdhayati anyathA virodhaasiddheH| 10 6 51. 'ca'zabdo yata ete svabhAvakAraNakAryavyApakA anyathAnupapannAH svasAdhyamupasthApayanti tata eva tadabhAve svayaM na bhavanti, teSAmanupalabdhirapyabhAvasAdhanItyAha / tatra svabhAvAnupalabdhiryathA nAtra ghaTaH, draSTuM yogysyaanuplbdheH| kAraNAnupalabdhiryathA nAtra dhUmo'gnyabhAvAt / kAryAnupalabdhiryathA nAtrApratibaddhasAmarthyAni dhUmakAraNAni santi dhUmAbhAvAt / vyApakAnupalabdhiryathA nAtra ziMzapA vRkSAbhAvAt / 15 .52. virodhi tu pratiSedhyasya tatkAryakAraNavyApakAnAM ca viruddha viruddhakArya ca / yathA na zItasparzaH, nApratibaddhasAmarthyAni zItakAraNAni, na romaharSavizeSAH; na tuSArasparzaH, agnedhUmAvati prayoganAnAtvamiti // 12 // ___6 53. sAdhanaM lakSayitvA vibhajya ca sAdhyasya lakSaNamAhasiSAdhayiSitamasiddhamabAdhyaM sAdhyaM pakSaH // 13 // 20 54. sAdhayitumiSTaM 'siSAdhayiSitam' / anena sAdhayitumaniSTasya sAdhyatvavyavacchedaH, yathA vaizeSikasya nityaH zabda iti zAstroktatvAdvaizeSikeNAbhyupagatasyApyAkAzaguNatvAderna sAdhyatvam , tadA sAdhayitumaniSTatvAt / iSTaH punaranukto'pi pakSo bhavati, yathA parArthAzcakSurAdayaH saGghAtatvAcchayanAzanAdyaGgavadityatra parArthA ityAtmArthAH / buddhimatkAraNapUrvakaM kSityAdi kAryatvAdityatrA'zarIrasarvajJapUrvakatvamiti / 655. 'asiddham ityanenAnadhyavasAya-saMzaya-viparyayaviSayasya vastunaH sAdhyatvam , na siddhasya' yathA zrAvaNaH zabda iti / "nAnupalabdhe na nirNIte nyAyaH pravartate" .[nyAyabhA0 1.1.1] iti hi sarvapArSadam / / 56. 'abAdhyam' ityanena pratyakSAdibAdhitasya sAdhyatvaM mA bhUdityAha / etat sAdhyasya lakSaNam / 'pakSaH' iti sAdhyasyaiva nAmAntarametat // 13 // 1 zakaTodaye pratyakSe sati kRttikodayasyApi pratyakSatvAt nAnumAnatastadavagamaH / 2 ekArthasamavAyino vyApakA iti| 3 abhyathAnupapanatvAdeva / 4dhUmAbhAvAdvA vyaa0-taa0| 5 kArya ythaa-dde0| 6 parArthA buddhi0-dde0|7-0puurv kSi0 -dde0| 8 ityAha / 25 30

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AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A02, sU014-19. - $ 57. abAdhyagrahaNavyavacchedyAM bAdhAM darzayati pratyakSAnumAnAgamalokasvavacanapratItayo bAdhAH // 14 // $ 58. pratyakSAdIni tadviruddhArthopasthApanena bAdhakatvAt 'bAdhAH / tatra pratyakSabAdhA yathA anuSNo'gniH, na madhu madhuram , na sugandhi vidalanmAlatImurkulam , acAkSuSo 5 ghaTaH, azrAvaNaH zabdaH, nAsti bahirartha ityaadi| anumAnabAdhA yathA sa~roma hastatalam , nityaH zabda iti vA / atrAnupalambhena kRtakatvena cAnumAnabAdhA / AgamabAdhA yathA * pretyA'sukhaprado dharma iti / paraloke sukhapradatvaM dharmasya sarvAgamasiddham / lokabAdhA yathA zuci naraziraskapAlamiti / loke hi naraziraHkapAlAdInAmazucitvaM suprasiddham / svavaca nabAdhA yathA mAtA me vandhyeti / pratItibAdhA yathA acandraH zazIti / atra zazinazca10 ndrazabdavAcyatvaM pratItisiddhamiti pratItibAdhA // 14 // 6 59. atra sAdhyaM dharmaH, dharmadharmisamudAyo veti saMzayavyavacchedAyAha___ sAdhyaM sAdhyadharmaviziSTo dharmI, kvacittu dharmaH // 15 // 660. 'sAdhyam' sAdhyazabdavAcyaM pakSazabdAbhidheyamityarthaH / kimityAha 'sAdhyadharmeNa anityatvAdinA 'viziSTo dharmI' zabdAdiH / etat prayogakAlApekSaM sAdhyazabdakA 15 cyatvam / 'kacittu' vyAptigrahaNakAle 'dharma' sAdhyazabdenocyate, anyathA vyAseraghaTanAt / nahi dhUmadarzanAt sarvatra parvato'gnimAniti vyAptiH zakyA kartuM prmaannvirodhaaditi||15|| dharmisvarUpanirUpaNAyAha dharmI pramANasiddhaH // 16 // 6 61. 'pramANaiH pratyakSAdibhiHprasiddho 'dharmI' bhavati yathAgnimAnaya deza iti / atra 20 hi dezaH pratyakSeNa siddhH| etena-"sarva evAnumAnAnumeyavyavahAro budhyArUDhena dharmadharminyAyena, na bahiH sadasattvamapekSate" iti saugataM mataM pratikSipati / nahIyaM vikalpabuddhirantarbahirvA'nAsAditAlambanA dharmiNaM vyavasthApayati, tadaivAstavatve taMdodhArasAdhyasAdhanayorapi vAstavatvAnupapatteH taibuddheH pArampairyeNApi vastuvyavasthApakatvAyo gAt / tato vikalpenAnyena vA vyavasthApitaH parvatAdiviSayamAvaM bhajanneva dharmitAM prati25 padyate / tathA ca sati pramANasiddhasya dharmitA yuktaiva // 16 // 1 sAdhya / 2 kRtakatvAditi hetuH| 3 vicitrarasaprabhavatvAt anekrssNyogvt| 4 lataikadezatvAt patravat / 5rUpAdatyantavyatiriktatvAt vAyuvat / 6 yathAvasthena rUpeNApratibhAsamAnatvAt yadasti tadyathAvasthitarUpeNApratibhAsamAnamapi nAsti yathA jJAnam / 7 zarIrAvayavatvAt .bAhuvat / - vandhyAstrIsamAnAGgatvAt / candrazabdavAcyaH zazI na bhavati AkAzoditatvAt sUryavat / -10-0lApekSyaM -taa| 19 sAdhanam / 12 sAdhyam / 13-0meyasya vy..taa.| 14 dhrminnH| 15 sa dharmI AdhAro yayoH / 16 tdbuddherviklpjnyaansy|17nirviklpkN prAptaviSayama tadvikalpo'pi prAptaviSaya iti| evNlkssnnpaarmpyennaapi| 18 nirviklpen| 19 vikalpasya viSayabhAvam /

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sAdhyasya nirUpaNam / ] 9 63. apavAdamAha - pramANamImAMsA / buddhisiddho'pi // 17 // $ 64. naikAntena pramANasiddha eva dharmI kiMtu vikalpabuddhiprasiddho'pi dharmI bhavati / 'api ' zabdena pramANa - buddhibhyAmubhAbhyAmapi siddho dharmI bhavatIti darzayati / tatra buddhisiddhe dharmiNi sAdhyadharmaH sattvamasakhaM ca pramANabalena sAdhyate yathA astiM 5 sarvajJaH, nAsti SaSThaM bhUtamiti / $ 65. nanu dharmiNi sAkSAdasati bhAvAbhAvobhayadharmANAmasiddhaviruddhAnaikAntikatvenAnumAnaviSayatvAyogAt kathaM sacvAsattvayoH sAdhyatvam ? / tadAha"naoNsiddhe bhAvadharmo'sti vyabhicAryubhayAzrayaH / viruddha dharmo'bhAvasya sA sattA sAdhyate katham ? / / " [ pramANavA0 1.192 - 3] iti / 10 47 $ 66. nairvam, mAnasapratyakSe bhAvarUpasyaiva dharmiNaH pratipannatvAt / na ca tatsiddhau tatsasvasyApi pratipannatvAd vyarthamanumAnam, tadabhyupetamapi vaiyAtyAdyo na pratipadyate taM pratyanumAnasya sAphalyAt / na ca mAnasajJAnAt kharaviSANAderapi sadbhAvasambhAvanAto'tiprasaGgaH, tajjJAnasya bAdhakapratyayaviplAvitasattAkavastuviSayatayA mAnasa- 15 pratyakSAbhAsatvAt / kathaM tarhi SaSThabhUtAderdharmitvamiti cet; dharmiMprayogakAle bAdhaka'pratyayAnudayAtsattvasambhAvanopapatteH / na ca sarvajJAdau sAdhakapramANAsattvena sarvasaMzItiH, sunizcitA'sambhavadbAdhakapramANatvena sukhAdAviva saccanizcayAttatra saMzayAyogAt / $ 67. ubhayasiddho dharmI yathA anityaH zabda iti / nahi pratyakSeNAvagdarzibhirainiryaMta digdezakAlAvacchinnAH sarve zabdAH zakyA nizcetumiti zabdasya pramANabuddhyu - 20 bhayasiddhatA tenAnityatvAdidharmaH prasAdhyata iti // 17 // $ 68. nanu dRSTAnto'pyanumAnAGgatayA pratItaH / tat kathaM sAdhyasAdhane evAnumAnAGgamukte na dRSTAntaH 1, ityAha ne dRSTAnto'numAnAGgam // 18 // $ 69. 'dRSTAntaH' vakSyamANalakSaNo nAnumAnasya 'aGgam' kAraNam // 18 // 6 70, kuta ityAha- sAdhanamAtrAt tatsiddheH // 19 // $ 71. dRSTAntarahitAtsAdhyAnyathAnupapattilakSaNAt 'sAdhanAt' anumAnasya sAdhyapratipattilakSaNasya bhAvAnna dRSTAnto'numAnAGgamiti / 1 dharmoM bhavati kiM - De0 / 2 avisaMvAdijyotirjJAnAnyathAnupapatteH / 3 upalabdhilakSaNaprAptasyAnupalabdheH / 4 hetUnAm / 5 dharmiNi / 6 heturubhayadharmaH / 7 viruddhadharmo - mu0 / biruddho'dharmo De0 / 8 sattA sArvajJI / 9 maivam -- De0 / 10 dharmiNaH / 11 sattvam / 12 viSayANAm / 13 sandehaH / 14 sukhAdivazca sattva0 su-pA0 / 15 pramAtRbhiH / 16 - 0 raniyatadigdarzibhirniyatadigdeza - De0 / 17 kiM siddham ? / 18 prasA iti tA0 | 19 aSTAdazame konaviMzatitamaM ca sUtradvayaM tA - mU0 pratau bhedaka cihnaM binA sahaiva likhitaM dRzyate / atrAsmAkamapi dvayorekatvaM sucAru bhAMti - sampA0 / 25

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AcAryazrI hemacandraviracitA [a0 1, A0 2, sU0 20. $ 72. se hi sAdhyapratipattau vA avinAbhAvagrahaNe vA, vyAptismaraNe vopayujyeta ? / na tAvat prathamaH pakSaH, yathoktAdeva hetoH sAdhyapratipatterupapatteH / nApi dvitIyaH, viSekSe bAdhakAdevAvinAbhAvagrahaNAt / kiMca, vyaktirUpo dRSTAntaH / sa kathaM sAkalyena vyAptiM gamayet ? / vyaktyantareSu vyAptyarthaM dRSTAntAntaraM mRgyam / tasyApi vyaktirUpatvena 5 sAkalyena vyApteravadhArayitumazakyatvAdaparAparadRSTAntApekSAyAmanavasthA syAt nApi tRtIyaH, gRhItasambandhasya sAdhanadarzanAdeva vyAptismRteH / agRhItasambandhesya dRSTAnte'pyasmaraNAt upalabdhipUrvakatvAt smaraNasyeti // 19 // $ 73. dRSTAntasya lakSaNamAha sa vyAptidarzanabhUmiH // 20 // 10 $ 74. 'sa' iti dRSTAnto lakSyaM 'vyAptiH' lakSitarUpA 'darzanam' parasmai pratipAdanaM tasya 'bhUmi' Azraya iti lakSaNam / $ 75 nanu yadi dRSTAnto'numAnAGgaM na bhavati tarhi kimartha lakSyate 1 / ucyate / parArthAnumAne bodhyAnurodhAdApavAdikasyodAharaNa syAnujJAsyamAnatvAt / tasyaM ca dRSTAntAbhidhAnarUpatvAdupapannaM dRSTAntasya lakSaNam / pramAturapi kasyacit dRSTAntadRSTabahi15 rvyAptibalenAntarvyAptipratipattirbhavatIti svArthAnumAnaparvaNyapi dRSTAntalakSaNaM nAnupapanam // 20 // 976. tadvibhAgamAha 48 se sAdharmyavaidharmyAbhyAM dvedhA // 21 // 77. sa dRSTAntaH 'sAdharmyeNa' anvayena 'vaidharmyeNa' ca vyatirekeNa bhavatIti 20 dviprakAraH // 21 // 78. sAdharmyadRSTAntaM vibhajate 25 30 sAdhanadharmaprayuktasAdhyadharmayogI sAdharmyadRSTAntaH ||22|| $ 79. sArdhenadharmeNa prayukto na tu kAkatAlIyo yaH sAdhyadharmastadvAn 'sAdharmyadRSTAntaH / yathA kRtakatvenAnitye zabde sAdhye ghaTAdiH ||22|| vaidharmyadRSTAntaM vyAcaSTe - 6 80. sAdhyadharmanivRttiprayuktasAdhanadharmanivRttiyogI vaidharmyadRSTAnteH // 23 // 181. sAdhyadharmanivRttyA prayuktA na yathAkathaJcit yA sAdhanadharmanivRttiH tadvAn 'vaidharmyadRSTAntaH / yathA kRtakatvenAnitye zabde sAdhye AkAzAdiriti ||23|| ityAcArya zrI hemacandraviracitAyAH pramANamImAMsAyAstadvRtezva prathamasyAdhyAyasya dvitIyamAhnikam // 1 dRSTAntaH / 2 vartamAnasya hetoH / 3 puMsaH / 4 puMsaH / 5 sati / 6 darzanam / 7 ziSyaH / 8 anumaMsya+ mAnatvAt / 9 udAharaNasya / 10 prastAve / 11 tA - mU0-saM- mU0 - pratyoH savRttikatADapatrIyasUtre ca 'sa' nAsti / 12 sAdhanameva dharmaH / 13 kRtaH / 14 sAdhyo dharma0 - De0 / 15 ityAcAryazrIhemacandraviracitAyAM pramANamImAMsAyAM prathamasyAdhyAyasya dvitIyamAhnikam / prathamo'dhyAyaH samAptaH - tA mU0 / ityA... dvitIyAhnikam / prathamAdhyAyaH - saM- mU0 /

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// atha dvitIyo'dhyAyaH // 1. lakSitaM svArthamanumAnamidAnI kramaprAptaM parArthamanumAnaM lakSayati __yathoktasAdhanAbhidhAnajaH parArtham // 1 // 62. 'yathoktam' svanizcitasAdhyAvinAbhAvaikalakSaNaM yat 'sAdhanam tsyaabhidhaanm| abhidhIyate parasmai pratipAdyate aneneti 'abhidhAnam' vacanam , tasmAjAtaH samyagarthanirNayaH 'parArtham' anumAnaM paropadezApekSaM sAdhyavijJAnamityarthaH // 1 // 63. nanu vacanaM parArthamanumAnamityAhustatkathamityAha _ vacanamupacArAt // 2 // 64. acetanaM hi vacanaM na sAkSAtpramitiphalaheturiti na nirupacaritapramANabhAvabhAjanam , mukhyAnumAnahetutvena tUpacaritAnumAnAbhidhAnapAtratA pratipadyate / upacAra- : zrAtra kAraNe kAryasya / yathoktasAdhanAbhidhAnAt tadviSayA smRtirutpadyate, smRtezcAnumA- 10 nam, tasmAdanumAnasya paramparayA yathoktasAdhanAbhidhAnaM kAraNam , tasmin kAraNe vacane kAryasyAnumAnasyopacAraH samAropaH kriyate / tataH samAropAt kAraNaM vacanamanumAnazabdenocyate / kArye vA pratipAdakAnumAnajanye vacane kAraNasyAnumAnasyopacAraH / vacanamaupacArikamanumAnaM na mukhyamityarthaH / ____5. iha ca mukhyArthavAce prayojane nimitte. copacAraH pravartate / tatra mukhyo- 15 'rthaH sAkSAtmamitiphalaH samyagarthanirNayaH pramANazabdasamAnAdhikaraNasya parArthAnumAna- .. zabdasya, tasya bAdhA, vacanasya nirnnytvaanupptteH| prayojanam anumAnAvayavAH pratijJAdaya iti zAstre vyavahAra eva, nirNayAtmanyanaMze tdvyvhaaraanupptteH| nimittaM tu nirNayAtmakAnumAnahetutvaM vacanasyeti // 2 // ____ tad dvedhA // 3 // 66. 'tad' vacanAtmakaM parArthAnumAnaM 'dvedhA' dviprakAram // 3 // 6 7. prakArabhedamAha ... tathopapattyanyathAnupapattibhedAt // 4 // 1 prathama dvitIyaM ca sUtradvayaM tA-mU0 pratI bhedakacihna vinA sahaiva likhitaM dRshyte| 2 yathA uktam / 3 anumAnazabdavAcyatAm / 4 mukhyaarthsyopcaarH| 5-0 zabdaH samA -De / 6 agnirmANavaka ina ityatra mukhyArtho dAhakatvam , varjanIyatvabuddhiH prayojanam , zAbdapravRttI nimittamupatApakratvam / 7 parArthAnumAne / 8 puurvoktH| 9 pravRttau /

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50 . AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 2, A01, sU0 5-8. ___8. 'tathA' sAdhye satyeva 'upapattiH sAdhanasyetyekaH prakAraH / 'anyathA' sAkAbhAve 'anupapattiH'ceti dvitIyaH prakAraH / yathA agnimAnayaM parvataH tathaiva dhUmavattvopapatteH, anyathA dhUmavatvAnupapattervA / etAvanmAtrakRtaH parArthAnumAnasya bhedo na pAramArthikaH sa iti bhedapadena darzayati // 4 // 5 69. etadevAha __ nAnayostAtparye bhedaH // 5 // ___10. 'na' 'anayoH'tathopapatyanyathAnupapattirUpayoH prayogaprakArayoH 'tAtparye' 'yasparaH zabdaH sa zabdArthaH' ityevaMlakSaNe tatparatve, 'bhedaH' vizeSaH / etaduktaM bhavati anyadabhidheyaM zabdasyAnyatprakAzyaM prayojanam / tatrAbhidheyApekSayA vAcakatvaM bhidyate, 10 prakAzyaM tvabhinnam, anvaye kathite vyatirekagatirvyatireke cAnvayagatirityubhayatrApi sAdhanasya sAdhyAvinAbhAvaH prakAzyate / na ca yatrAbhidheyabhedastatra tAtparyabhedo'pi / nahi pIno devadatto divA na bhuGkte, pIno devadatto rAtrau bhuGkte ityanayorvAkyayorabhidheyamedo'stIti tAtparyeNApi bherttavyamiti bhAvaH // 5 // 11. tAtparyAbhedasyaiva phalamAha15 ata eva nobhayoH prayogaH // 6 // 12. yata eva nAnayostAtparye bhedaH 'ata eva nobhayoH' tathopapattyanyathAnupapatyoryugapat 'prayogaH' yuktaH / vyAyupadarzanAya hi tathopapatyanyathAnupapattibhyAM hetoH prayogaH kriyate / vyAptyupadarzanaM caikayaiva siddhamiti viphalo dvayoH pryogH| yadAha "hetostathopapatyA vA syAtprayogo'nyathApi vaa| 20- vividho'nyatareNApi sAdhyasiddhirbhavediti // " [ nyAyA0 17 ] 613. nanu yokenaiva prayogeNa hetoppyupadarzanaM kRtamiti kRtaM viphalena dvitIyaprayogeNa tarhi pratijJAyA api mA bhUt prayogo viphalatvAt / nahi pratijJAmAtrAt kazcidartha pratipadyate, tathA sati hi vipratipattireva na syAdityAha ' viSayopadarzanArthaM tu pratijJA // 7 // 25. 14. 'viSayaH' yatra tathopapattyAnyathAnupapattyA vA hetuH svasAdhyasAdhanAya prArthyate, tasya 'upadarzanam' parapratItAvAropaNaM tadartha punaH 'pratijJA' prayoktavyeti zeSaH / . 1 agnimattve satyeva |2-0k iti 0-De / 3 De. pratau 'na' nAsti / 5 yaH zabdasya parArthastat tAtparyamiti bhAvaH / 5 yaH paraH prakRSTo'rtho'sya / 6 zabdasyArthaH -tA0 / 7 (1) yastathopapattyA vidhirvAcyaH anyathAnupapattyA tu nissedhH| - niti(2) shessH| suutraarthsy| 10 kvacidartha-tA0 / 11 pratijJAmAtrAdarthapratipattaH / 12 viSayaprada0 -taa-muu0|13 svasAdha0-30 /

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parArthAnumAnanirUpaNam / ] pramANamImAMsA / 51 $15. ayamarthaH-parapratyAyanAya vacanamuccArayatA prekSAvatA tadeva pare bodhayitavyA yadubhutsante / tathAsatyanena bubhutsitAbhidhAyinA pare bodhitA bhavanti / na khalvazvAn pRSTo gavayAn bruvANaH praSTuvadheyavacano bhavati / anavadheyavacanazca kathaM pratipAdako nAma ? | yathA ca zaikSo bhikSuNAcacakSe- bhoH zaikSa, piNDepAMtamAhareti / sa evamAca mItyanabhidhAya yadA tadartha prayatate tadA'smai krudhyati bhikSuH- AH ziSyAbhAsa bhikSukhe - 5 Ta, asmAnavadhIrayasIti' vibruvANaH / evamanityaM zabdaM bubhutsamAnAya anityaH zabda iti viSaryaMmanupadarzya yadeva kiJciducyate - kRtakatvAditi vA, yat kRtakaM tadanityamiti vA, kRtakatvasya tathaivopapatteriti vA, kRtakatvasyAnyathAnupapatteriti vA, tat sarvamasyAnapekSitamApatato'sambaddhAbhidhAnabuddhyA; tathA cAnaveMhito na bodhumarhatIti / 16. yat kRtakaM tat sarvamanityaM yathA ghaTaH, kRtakatha zabda iti vacanamarthasAmarthya - 10 naivApekSitazabdAnityatvanizcAyakamityavadhAnamatreti cet ; na, parasparAzrayAt / avadhAne hi satyeMto'rthanizcayaH, tasmai ccAvadhAnamiti / na ca parSatprativAdinau pramANIkRtavadinau yadetadvacanasambandhAya prayatiSyete / tathAsaiMti na hetvAdyapekSeyatAm, tadavacanAdeva tadarthanizvayAt / anityaH zabda iti tvapekSite ukte kuta ityAzaGkAyAM kRtakatvasya tathaivopapatteH kRtakatvasyAnyathAnupapattervetyupatiSThate, tadidaM viSayopadarzanArthatvaM pratijJAyA iti // 7 // 15 617. nanu yat kRtakaM tadanityaM yathA ghaTaH kRtakazca zabda ityukte gamyata etad anityaH zabda iti, tasya sAmarthyalabdhatvAt, tathApi tadvacane punaruktatvaprasaGgAt, "arthAdApannasya svazabdena punarvacanaM punaruktam" [ nyAyasU0 5. 2. 15 ] / Aha cafsfushri parityajyAkSiNI nimIlya cintaya tAvat kimiyatoM pratItiH syAnnaveti bhAve kiM prapaJcamAlayA" [ hetu pari0 1] ityAha gamyamAnatve'pi sAdhyadharmAdhArasandehApanodAya dharmiNi pakSadharmopasaMhAravat tadupapattiH // 8 // 18. sAdhyameva dharmastasyAdhArastasya sandehastadapanodAya - yaH kRtakaH so'nitya ityukte'pi dharmiviSayasandeha eva - kimanityaH zabdo ghaTo veti ?, tannirAkaraNAya gamyamAnasyApi sAdhyasyai nirdezo yuktaH, sAdhyadharmiNi sAdhanadharmAvabodhanAya pakSadharmopa- 25 1 bhaikSAnnam / 2 - 0 pAnamA0 - De0 / 3 karomi / 4 piNDapAnArtham / 5 0 ti bruvA0tA0 / 6 nindan / 7 zabdalakSaNam / 8 pratipAdyasya / 8 prathamataH / 10 asAvadhAnaH / 11 vacanAt / 12-09rthe ni0-De0 / 13 arthanizcayAt / 14 pramANIkRto vAdI yakAbhyAm / 15 vAdi0 / 16 pramANIkRtavAditve'pi sati / 17 parSatprativAdinau / 18 tacchabdena vAdI / 16 tadvacanA0 - tA0 / 20 sAmarthyAt / 21 DiNDiko nAma raktavarNo mUSaka vizeSaH / tadvat rAgaM raktimAnaM netragatAM parityajya netre vimalIkRtyetyarthaH - mu- Ti0 / DiNDikA hi prathamanAmalikhane vivAdaM kurvanti / 22 nirmIlya - De0 / 23-0 yatA maduktena pra0 - De0 / 24 anityatvasya / 25 pratItibhAve / 26 siSAdhayiSitadharmaviziSTasya dharmiNaH / 20

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AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a02, AM0 1, sU09-15. saMhAravacanavat / yathA hi sAdhyavyAptasAdhanadarzanena taidAdhArAvagatAvapi niyatadharmisandhandhitApradarzanArtham-kRtakazca zabda iti pakSadharmopasaMhAravacanaM tathA sAdhyasya viziSTadharmisambandhitAvabodhanAya pratijJAvacanamapyupapadyata eveti // 8 // 19. nanu prayoga prati vipratipadyante vAdinaH, tathAhi-pratijJAhetUdAharaNAnIti 5 vyavayavamanumAnamiti sAGkhyAH / sahopanayena caturavayavamiti mImAMsakAH / saha- nigamanena paJcAvayavamiti naiyaayikaaH| tadevaM vipratipattau kIdRzo'numAnaprayoga ityAha. etAvAn prekSaprayogaH // 9 // 20. 'etAvAn' eva yaduta tathopapattyAnyathAnupapattyA vA yuktaM sAdhanaM pratijJA ca / 10 'prekSAya' prekSAvate pratipAdyAya tadavabodhanArthaH 'prayogaH' na tvadhiko yathAhuH sAGkhyAdayaH, nApi hIno yathAhuH saugatAH-"viduSAM vAcyo hetureva hi kevalaH" [pramANavA0 1. 28 ] iti // 9 // . . 621. nanu parArthapravRttaiH kAruNikairyathAkathaJcit pare pratibodhayitavyA nAsadhavasthopanyAsairamISA pratibhAbhaGgaH karaNIyaH, tatkimucyate etAvAn prekSaprayogaH 1, ityA15 zaGkaya dvitIyamapi prayogakramamupadarzayati. bodhyAnurodhAtpratijJAhetUdAharaNopanayanigamanAni paJcApi // 10 // 22. 'bodhyaH' ziSyastasya 'anurodhaH tadavabodhanapratijJApAratantryaM tasmAta, pratijJAdIni pazcApi prayoktavyAni / etAni cAvayavasajJayA procyante / yadakSapAdaH-"pratijJA hetUdAharaNopanayanigamanAnyavayavAH" [nyAyasU0 1. 1. 32] iti / 'api' zabdAt prati20 jJAdInAM zuddhayazca paJca bodhyAnurodhAt prayoktavyAH / yacchIbhadrabAhusvAmipUjyapAdAH"katthaha pazcAvayavaM dasahA vA savvahA Na paDikuTuMti // " [ daza* ni0 50 ] 623. tatra pratijJAyA lakSaNamAha sAdhyanirdezaH pratijJA // 11 // 25. 624. sAdhyaM siSAdhayiSitadharmaviziSTodharmI, nirdizyate aneneti nirdezo vacanam, sAdhyasya nirdezaH 'sAdhyanirdezaH' 'pratijJA' pratijJAyate'nayeti kRtvA, yathA ayaM pradezo'nimAniti // 11 // 625. hetuM lakSayati- . . sAdhanatvAbhivyaJjakavibhaktyantaM sAdhanavacanaM hetuH // 12 // 1 tathAhi-De / 2 sAmAnyataH sAdhanadharmAdhArAvava(ga)tiH / 3 -0jJAnavaca-De0 / 4 yadAhuH-De / 5 "tadbhAvahetubhAvau hi dRSTAnte tdvedinH| khyApyete" / 6.pare bodha0 -dde0| 7 pareSAm / 8 pratibhaGgaH-De / pratItibhaGgaH -mu0| -0vAn prayo0-tA0 /

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parArthAnumAnanirUpaNam | j pramANamImAMsA / 26. sAdhanatvAbhivyaJjikA vibhaktiH paJcamI tRtIyA vA tadantam, 'sAdhanasya' uktalakSaNasya 'vacanam' hetuH / dhUma ityAdirUpasya hetutvanirAkaraNAya prathamaM padam / avyAptavacanaihetutvanirAkaraNAya dvitIyamiti / sa dvividhastathopapattyanyathAnupapattibhyAm, tadyathA dhUmasya tathaivopapatterdhUmasyAnyathAnupapatterveti // 12 // 27. udAharaNaM lakSayati 929 upanayalakSaNamAha dRSTAntavacanamudAharaNam // 13 // 628. 'dRSTAntaH' uktalakSaNastatpratipAdakaM 'vacanam ' 'udAharaNam' tadapi dvividhaM dRSTAntabhedAt / sAdhanadharmaprayuktasAdhyadharmayogI sAdharmyadRSTAntastasya vacanaM sAdhamryodAharaNam, yathA yo dhUmavAn so'gnimAn yathA mahAnasapradezaH / sAdhyadharmanivRttiprayuktasAdhanadharmanivRttiyogI vaidharmyadRSTAntastasya vacanaM vaidhamryodAharaNam yathA 10 yo'gninivRttimAn sa dhUmanivRttimAn yathA jalAzayapradeza iti ||13|| 53 dharmiNi sAdhanasyopasaMhAra upanayaH // 14 // 30. dRSTAntadharmiNi visRtasya sAdhanadharmasya sAdhyadharmiNi yaH 'upasaMhAraH saH 'upanayaH' upasaMDriyate'nenopanIyate'neneti vacanarUpaH, yathA dhUmavAMzcAyamiti // 14 // 15 31. nigamanaM lakSayati sAdhyasya nigamanam // 15 // 932. sAdhyadharmasya dharmiNyupasaMhAro nigamyate pUrveSAmavayavAnAmartho'neneti 'nigamanam', yathA tasmAdagnimAniti / $ 33. ete nAntarIyakaitvapratipAdakA vAkyaikadezarUpAH paJcAvayavAH / eteSAmeva 20 zuddhayaH paJca / yato na zaGkitasamAropitadoSAH paJcApyavayavAH svAM svAmanAdInavAmarthaviSayAM dhiyamAdhAtumalaimiti pratijJAdInAM taM taM doSamAzaGkaya tatparihArarUpAH paJcaiva zuddhayaH prayoktavyA iti dazAvayavamidamanumAnavAkyaM bodhyAnurodhAt prayoktavyamiti // 15 // - 5 $34. iha zAstre yeSAM lakSaNamuktaM te tallakSaNAbhAve tadAbhAsAH suprasiddhA eva / yathA pramANasAmAnyalakSaNAbhAve saMzayaviparyayAnadhyavasAyAH pramANAbhAsAH, saMzayAdila5- 25 kSaNAbhAve saMzayAdyAbhAsAH, pratyakSalakSaNAbhAve pratyakSAbhAsam, parokSAntargatAnAM smRtyAdInAM svasvalakSaNAbhAve tattadAbhAsatetyAdi / evaM hetUnAmapi svalakSaNAbhAve hetvAbhAsatA 1 tadantasA0-De0 / 2 avyAptasya hetorvacanaM tasya hetutvam / 30cane he0 - De0 / 4 vistRtasya / 5 viprasRtasya - De0 / 6 prastute dharmiNi Dhaukyate sAdhanadharmaH / 7 upasaMhAravya (vyu ) tpattirupanayavyutpattiH / 8 nizcIyate / prayojanam / 10 sA (nA) ntarIyako'vinAbhAvI sAdhanalakSaNo'rthaH / 11 - 0katvaM prati0- De0 / 12 zaGkitAH sandigdhAH samAropitAzca doSA eSAm / 13 samarthAH / 14 tattatpa0De0 / 15 ktaM tala0 - De0 / 16 -0 bhAsaH paro0 mu0 / 10

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AcAryazrI hemacandraviracitA [a0 2, A0 1 sU0 16 - 20. sujJAnaiva / kevalaM hetvAbhAsAnAM saGkhyAniyamaH prativyaktiniyataM lakSaNaM ca nepatrkarapratipattIti tallakSaNArthamAha asiddha viruddhAnaikAntikAstrayo hetvAbhAsAH // 16 // 635. ahetavo hetuvadAbhAsamAnAH 'hetvAbhAsAH' asiddhAdayaH / yadyapi sAdhanadoSA 5 evaite aduSTe sAdhane tadabhAvAt tathApi sAdhanAbhidhAyake hetAvupacArAt pUrvAcAryairabhihitAstatastatprasiddhibAdhAmanAzrayadbhirasmAbhirapi hetudoSatvenaivocyanta iti / 15 54 $36. 'trayaH' iti saGkhyAntaravyavacchedArtham / tena kAlAtIta-prakaraNasamayorvyavacchedaH / tatra kAlAtItasya pakSadoSeSvantarbhAvaH / "pratyakSAgamabArdhita karmanirdezAnantaraprayuktaH kAlAtyayApadiSTaH" iti hi tasya lakSaNamiti, yathA anuSNastejo'vayavI 10 kRtakatvAd ghaTavaditi / prakaraNasamastu na sambhavatyeva nAsti sambhavo yathoktalakSaNe'numAne prayukte'dUSite vaoN'numAnAntarasya / yattUdAharaNam - anityaH zabdaH pakSasapakSayoranyataratvAt ityekenokte dvitIya Aha - nityaH zabdaH pakSasapakSayoranyataratvAditi / tadatIvAsAmpratam / ko hi caturaGgasabhAyAM vAdI prativAdI vaivaMvidhamasambaddhamanunmatto'bhidadhIteti ? / / 16 / 25 637. tatrAsiddhasya lakSaNamAha nAsannanizcitatva vA'nyathAnupapanna iti sattvasyAsiddhau sandehe vA'siddhaH // 17 // 938. 'asana' avidyamAno 'nAnyathAnupapannaH' iti sattvasyAsiddhau 'asiddhaH ' hetvAbhAsaH svarUpAsiddha ityarthaH / yathA anityaH zabdazcAkSuSatvAditi / apakSadharmatvA20 dayamasiddha iti na mantavyamityAha - ' nAnyathAnupapannaH' iti / anyathAnupapattirUpahetukSaNavirahAdayamasiddho nApakSadharmatvAt / nahi pakSadharmatvaM hetorlakSaNaM tadabhAve'pyanyathAnupapattibalAddhetutvopapatterityuktaprAyam / bhaTTo'pyAha "pitrozca brAhmaNatvena putrabrAhmaNatAnumI | sarvalokaprasiddhA na pakSadharmamapekSate ||" iti / $ 39. tathA 'anizcitasaccaH' sandigdhasattvaH 'nAnyathAnupapannaH' iti sactvasya sandehepyasiddho hetvAbhAsaH sandigdhAsiddha ityarthaH / yathA bASpAdibhAvena sandihyamAnA dhUma 5 1 ISatkarA sukarA pratItiryasya / 2 pUrvAcArya0 / 3 kAlamatIto'tikrAntaH / 4- 0 dhitadharmini0 - De0 / - 0 Site cAnu0 - tA0 / 60dI caivaM 0 - De0 / 7 0 syAsiddhAvapi siddho he0 - tA0 18 pakSadharmatAM vinApyanyathAnupapannatvenaiva heturbhavati / yathA parvatasyopari dRSTo megho nadIpUrAnyathAnupapatterityAdAvityAzaGkyAha / 6 ayaM putro brAhmaNaH pitrorbrAhmaNatvAditi putre brAhmaNatAyA anumAnam /

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hetvAbhAsasya nirUpaNam / ] pramANamImAMsA / lamagnisiddhAvupadizyamAnA, yathA cAtmanaH siddhAvapi sarvagatatve sAdhye sarvatropalabhyamAnaguNatvam , pramANAbhAvAditi // 17 // ... 640. asiddhaprabhedAnAha vAdiprativAdyubhayabhedAccaitadbhedaH // 18 // 641. 'vAdI' pUrvapakSasthitaH 'prativAdI' uttarapakSasthitaH ubhayaM dvAveva vAdiprativA- 5 dinau / tadAdasiddhasya 'bhedaH / tatra vAdyasiddho yathA pariNAmI zabda utpattimattvAt / ayaM sAGkhathasya svayaM vAdino'siddhaH, tanmate utpattimattvasyAnabhyupetatvAt , nAsadutpadyate nApi sadvinazyatyutpAdavinAzayorAvirbhAvatirobhAvarUpatvAditi tatsiddhAntAt / cetanAstaravaH sarvatvagapaharaNe maraNAt / atra maraNaM vijJAnendriyAyunirodhalakSaNaM taruSu bauddhasya prativAdino'siddham / ubhayAsiddhastu cAkSuSatvamuktameva / evaM sandigdhAsiddho- 10 'pi vAdiprativAdyubhayabhedAt trividho boddhavyaH // 18 // ___42. nanvanye'pi vizeSyAsiddhAdayo hetvAbhAsAH kaizcidiSyante te kasmAbhoktA ityAha vizeSyAsiddhAdInAmeSvevAntarbhAvaH // 19 // 43. 'ejveva' vAdiprativAdyubhayAsiddheSveva / tatra vizeSyAsiddhAdaya udADriyante / 15 vizeSyAsiddho yathA anityaH zabdaH sAmAnyavattve sati cAkSuSatvAt / vizeSaNAsiddho yathA anityaH zabdazcAkSuSatve sati sAmAnyavizeSavattvAt / bhAgIsiddho yathA anityaH zabdaH prayatnAnantarIyakatvAt / AzrayAsiddho yathA asti pradhAnaM vizvapariNAmitvAt / AzrayaikadezAsiddho yathA nityAH pradhAnapuruSezvarAH akRtakatvAt / vyarthavizeSyAsiddho yathA anityaH zabdaH kRtakatve sati sAmAnyavattvAt / vyathevizeSaNAsiddho yathA anityaH 20 zabdaH sAmAnyavattve sati kRtktvaat| sandigdhavizeSyAsiddho yathA adyApi rAgAdiyuktaH kapilaH puruSatve satyadyApyanutpannatattvajJAnatvAt / sandigdhavizeSaNAsiddho yathA adyApi rAgAdiyuktaH kapilaH sarvadA tattvajJAnarahitatve sati puruSatvAdityAdi / ete'siddhabhedA yadAnyataravAdyasiddhatvena vivakSyante tadA vAdyasiddhAH prativAdyasiddhA vA bhvnti| yado. bhayavAdyasiddhatvena vivakSyante tadobhayAsiddhA bhavanti // 19 // 44. viruddhasya lakSaNamAha- viparItaniyamo'nyathaivopapadyamAno viruddhaH // 20 // -25 1 yathA vaatm-dde| 2 AtmA sarvagataH sarvatropalabhyamAnaguNatvAt / 3 -guNatvaM sandigdham / 4-0ntAcca / cet0-dde0| 5 na kevalaM svruupaasiddho| 6 "AhitAgnyAdiSu" haimazaH 3.1.153] 7 AtmA vyavacchinnaH / - bhAge ekadeze asiddhaH prayatnAnantarIyakatvasya garjite abhAvAt / sAmAnya vyvcchinnm| 10 naiyAyikasya / 11 nanu sAmAnyavattve satIti vizeSaNaM pradhvaMsAbhAvavyavacchedArtha bhaviSyatIti, naivam, bauddhamImAMsako vAdiprativAdinau stastayozca mate'bhAva eva nAstIti / 12 dRSadAdivyavacchedAya puruSatve satItyuktam / 13 sAdhyaM vinaivopapadyamAno viparItaniyamatvAt /

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56 AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 2, A0 1, sU0 1-24. ... 645. 'viparIta' yathoktAdviparyasto 'niyamaH' avinAbhAvo yasya satathA, tasyaiyopadarzanam 'anyathaivopapadyamAnaH' iti / yathA nityaH zabdaH kAryatvAt, parIzcakSurAdayaH saGghAtatvAcchayanAzanAdyaGgavadityatrAsaMhatapArAyeM sAdhye cakSurAdInAM saMhatatvaM viruddham / buddhimatpUrvakaM kSityAdi kAryatvAdityatrAzarIrasarvajJakartRpUrvakatve sAdhye kAryatvaM viruddha5 sAdhanAdviruddham / 46. anena ye'nyairanye viruddhA udAhRtAste'pi snggrhiitaaH| yathA sati sapakSe catvAro bhedAH / pakSavipakSavyApako yathA nityaH zabdaH kAryatvAt / pakSavyApako vipakSaikadezavRttiryathA nityaH zabdaH sAmAnyavattve satyasmadAdibAhyendriyagrAhyatvAt / pakSa kadezavRttirvipakSavyApako yathA anityA pRthvI kRtakatvAt / pakSavipakSaikadezavRttiryathA 10 nityaH zabdaH prayatnAnantarIyakatvAt / asati sapakSe catvAro viruddhAH / pakSavipakSa vyApako yathA AkAzavizeSaguNaH zabdaH prameyatvAt / pakSavyApako vipakSakadezavRttiryathA AkAzavizeSaguNaH zabdo baudyendriygraahytvaat| pakSaikadezavRttirvipakSavyApako yathA AkAzavizeSaguNaH zabdo'paidAtmakatvAt / pakSavikSaikadezavRttiryathA AkAzavizeSaguNaH zabdaH prayatnAnantarIyakatvAt / eSu ca catuSu viruddhatA, pakSaikadezavRttiSu caturyu punara* 15 siddhatA viruddhutA cetyubhayasamAvezaiM iti // 20 // 47. anaikAntikasya lakSaNamAhaniyamasyAsiddhau sandehe vA'nyathApyupapaiyamAno'naikAntikaH // 21 // 48. 'niyamaH' avinAbhAvastasya 'asiddhau' 'anaikAntikaH' yathA anityaH zabdaH prameyatvAt, prameyatvaM nitye'pyAkAzAdAvastIti / sandehe yathA asarvajJaH kazcid rAgAdimAn 20 vA vaktRtvAt / svabhAvaviprakRSTAbhyAM hi sarvajJatvavItarAgatvAbhyAM na vaktRtvasya virodhaH siddhaH, na ca rAgAdikArya vacanamiti sandigdho'nvayaH / ye cAnye'nyairanaikAntikamedA udAhRtAsta uktalakSaNa evAntarbhavanti / pakSatrayavyApako yathA anityaH zabdaH prameyatvAt 1 sAdhyAvinAbhAvalakSaNAt / 2 sAdhyaviruddhanAvinAbhAvAt / 3 aatmaarthaaH| 4-0nAsanA0 -De / 5saGghAtatvam / 6 saMhataparArthasyaiva saadhktvaadsy| 7 kAryatvaM hi pakSe zabde vipakSe cAnitye ghaTAdau dRSTam / -- anityeSu ghaTAdiSu heturasti dvayaNukAdiSu sukhaduHkhAdiSu nAsti iti / paramANurUpAyAM pRthivyAM kRtakatvaM nAsti kAryarUpAyAM asti iti pksskdeshvRttitaa| 10 dezazabdo( de )'prayatnAnantarI: yakavidyuti prayatnAnantarIyakatvaM nAsti iti pakSaikadezaH / 11 zabdamantareNAnyasya vizeSaguNasyA'sambhavAt sapakSAbhAvaH / 12 saMyogAdayaH sAmAnyaguNAH / AkAzasaMyogAdiSu bAdhendriyagrAhyatvamasti na mahattvAdiSu / 13 meghAdidhvanInAmapadAtmakatvamiti pakSakadezavRttitA, saMyogAdiSu apadAtmakataiva / 14 vipakSe saMyogAdau prayatnAnantarIyakatvamasti mahattve tu nAsti / 15 pakSakadeze vidyamAnatvAt / 16 -.tA vetyu0 -taa.| 17-0mAdeza -taa.| 18 na kevalaM sAdhye sati sAdhyaM vinA'SitpApararthaH(vinApi ityaperarthaH) 16 sAdhyena saha / 20 pramANaparicchedyatvAt /

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dRSTAntAbhAsanirUpaNam / ] pramANamImAMsA / pakSasapakSavyApako vipakSakadezavRttiryathA gaurayaM viSANitvAt / pakSavipakSavyApakaH sapakSakadezavRttiyathA nAyaM gauH viSANitvAt / pakSavyApakaH sapakSavipakSakadezavRttiryathA anityaH zabdaH pratyakSatvAt / pakSaikadezavRttiH sapakSavipakSavyApako yathA na dravyANyAkAzakAladigAtmamanAMsi kSaNikavizeSaguNarahitatvAt / pakSavipakSakadezavRttiH sapakSavyApI yathA na vyANi dikAlamanAMsi amUrtatvAt / pakSasapakSakadezavRttirvipakSavyApI yathA 5 dravyANi dikAlamanAMsi amUrtatvAt / pakSatrayaikadezavRttiryathA anityA pRthvI pratyakSatvA. diti // 21 // 49. udAharaNadoSAnAha sAdharmyavaidhAbhyAmaSTAvaSTau dRSTAntAbhAsAH // 22 // 650. parArthAnumAnaprastAvAdudAharaNadoSA evaite dRSTAntaprabhavatvAt tu dRSTAntadoSA 10 ityucyante / dRSTAntasya ca sAdharmyavaidharmyabhedena dvividhatvAt pratyekam 'aSTAvaSTau' dRSTAntavadAbhAsamAnAH 'dRSTAntAbhAsAH' bhavanti // 22 // 651. tAnevodAharati vibhajati ca amUrtatvena nitye zabde sAdhye karma-paramANu-ghaTAH __sAdhyasAdhanobhayavikalAH // 23 // 652. nityaH zabdaH amUrtatvAdityasmin prayoge karmAdayoM yathAsaGkhyaM sAdhyAdivikalAH / tatra karmavaditi sAdhyavikalaH, anityatvAt karmaNaH / paramANuvaditi sAdhanavikalaH, mUrtatvAt paramANUnAm / ghaTavaditi sAdhyasAdhanobhayavikalaH, anityatvAnmUrtatvAca ghaTasyeti / iti yaH sAdharmyadRSTAntAbhAsAH // 23 // vaidhayeNaM paramANukarmAkAzAH sAdhyAdyavyatirekiNaH // 24 // 20 53. nityaH zabdaH amUrttatvAdityasminneva prayoge 'paramANukarmAkAzAH' sAdhyasAdhanobhayAvyatirekiNo dRSTAntAbhAsA bhavanti / yanityaM na bhavati tadamUrtamapi na bhavati yathA paramANuriti sAdhyAvyatirekI, nityatvAt paramANUnAm / yathA karmati sAdhanAvyAvRttaH, amUrtatvAt karmaNaH / yathAkAzamityubhayAvyAvRttaH, nityatvAdamUrtatvAcAkAzasyeti traya eva vaidharmyadRSTAntAbhAsAH // 24 // 15 25 1azvAdau viSANitvaM nAsti mahiSAdau tvasti iti vipakSaikadezavRttitvam / 2 zRGgavattvAt / 3 ajaM dRSTvA vakti / mahiSAdAvasti azvAdau tu nAsti / 4 ghaNukAdi na pratyakSaM ghaTAdikaM tu pratyakSam / 5 nityaM sAmAnya pratyakSamAkAzaM tu na / .6 AtmAkAzau sukhazabdAdikSaNikavizeSaguNayuktau, [ vipakSAH ] pRthivyAdayaH / bhuvo gandhaH apAM sneho'kssnnikvishessgunnau| 7 AkAzo'mUrtaH pRthivI mUrtA / = paramANurUpA pRthivI na pratyakSA kAryarUpA tu pratyakSeti pakSaka[ dezaH], aplejodhaNukeSu sapakSeSu pratyakSatvAbhAvaH, nityeSu sAmAnyAdiSu pratyakSatvam , khe tu na / 9 trayo'pi saa0-mu-paa0| ......

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15 58 54. tathA vacanAdrAge rAgAnmaraNadharmakiJcijjJatvayoH sandigdhasAdhyAdyanvayavyatirekA rathyApuruSAdayaH // 25 // 55. sandigdhasAdhyasAdhanobhayAnvayAH sandigdhasAdhyasAdhanobhayavyatirekAzca traya6 trayo dRSTAntAbhAsA bhavanti / ke ityAha- ' rathyApuruSAdayaH' / kasmin sAdhye 1 / 'rAge ' 'maraNadharma kiJcijjJetvayoH' ca / kasmAdityAha - 'vacanAt ' ' rAgAt ' ca / tatra sandigdhasAdhyadharmAnvayo yathA vivakSitaH puruSavizeSo rAgI vacanAd rathyApuruSavat / sandigdhasAdhanadharmAnvayo yathA maraNadharmA'yaM rAgAt rathyApuruSavat / sandigdhobhayadharmAnvayo yathA kiJcijjJo'yaM rAgAt rathyApuruSavaditi / eSu paracetovRttInAM duradhigaMmatvena sAdha10 dRSTAnte rathyApuruSe rAgakiJcijjJatvayoH sattvaM sandigdham / tathA sandigdhasAdhya-vyatireko yathA rAgI vacanAt rathyApuruSavat / sandigdhasAdhanavyatireko yathA maraNadharmA'yaM rAgAt rathyApuruSavat / sandigdhobhayavyatireko yathA kiMJcijjJo'yaM rAgAt rathyApuruSavat / eSu pUrvavat paracetovRterduranvayatvAdvaidharmyadRSTAnte rathyApuruSe rAgakiJcijjJatvayorasavaM sandigdhamiti // 25 // 56. tathA 25 AcAryazrI hemacandraviracitA [a02, A0 1 sU0 25-29. viparItAnvayavyatirekau // 26 // $ 57, 'viparItAnvayaH' 'viparItavyatirekaH' ca dRSTAntAbhAsau bhavataH / tatra viparItAnvayo yathA yat kRtakaM tadanityamiti vaktavye yadanityaM tat kRtakaM yathA ghaTa ityAha / viparItavyatireko yathA anityatvAbhAve na bhavatyeva kRtakatvamiti vaktavye 20 kRtakatvAbhAve na bhavatyevAnityatvaM yathAkAza ityAha / sAdhanadharmAnuvAdena sAdhyadharmasya vidhAnamityanvayaH / sAdhyadharmavyAvRtyanuvAdena sAdhanadharmavyAvRttividhAnamiti vyatirekaH / tayoranyathAbhAve viparItatvam / yadAha " sAdhyAnuvAdAlliGgasya viparItAnvayo vidhiH / hetvabhAve svasatsAdhyaM vyatirekaviparyaye // " iti // 26 // apradarzitAnvayavyatirekau // 27 // 658, 'apradarzitAnvayaH' 'apradarzitavyatirekaH' ca dRSTAntAbhAsau / etau ca 1 - 0 dharmatvaki0 - De 0 / 2 sAdhyayoH / 3 yathAsaMkhyena / 4 yo yo rAgI na bhavati sa sa SaktApi na bhavati / rathyAnare kenA'pi prakAreNa mUrtatvAdinA vacanAbhAve nizcite rAgitvaM sandihyate / 5 maraNApavAdinaM sAkhyaM prati jaino bakti / 6 prayogeSu / 7-0 bhAvo vi0 - De0 / 8-0 nvaye vi0tA0 / 6 kathayati / 10-0 0 paryaya i0 - De0 /

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dUSaNanirUpaNam / ] pramANamImAMsA / pramANasyAnupadarzanAdbhavato na tu vIpsAsarvAvadhAraNapadAnAmaprayogAt , satsvapi teSvasati pramANe tayorasiddheriti / sAdhyavikalasAdhanavikalobhayavikalAH, sandigdhasAdhyAnvayasandigdhasAdhanAnvayasandigdhobhayAnvayAH, viparItAnvayaH, apradarzitAnvayazcetyaSTau sAdharmyadRSTAntAbhAsAH / sAdhyAvyAvRttasAdhanAvyAvRttobhayAvyAvRttAH, sandigdhasAdhyavyAvRttisandigdhasAdhanavyAvRttisandigdhobhayavyAvRttayaH, viparItavyatirekaH, apradarzitavya- 5 tirekazvetyaSTAveva vaidhaHdRSTAntAbhAsA bhavanti / / : ..$ 59. nanvananvayAvyatirekAvapi kaizcid dRSTAntAbhAsAvuktau, yathA rAgAdimAnayaM vacanAt / atra sAdharmyadRSTAnte Atmani rAgavacanayoH satyapi sAhitye, vaidharmyadRSTAnte copalakhaNDe satyAmapi saha nivRttau pratibandhAbhAvenAnvayavyatirekayorabhAva ityananvayAvyatireko / tau kasmAdiha noktau / ucyate-tAbhyAM pUrve na bhidyanta iti sAdha- 10 yaMvaidhAbhyAM pratyekamaSTAveva dRSTAntAbhAsA bhavanti / yadAhuH "liGgasyAnanvayA aSTAvaSTAvavyatirokiNaH / nAnyathAnupapannatvaM kathaMcit khyApayantyamI // " iti // 27 // 60. avasitaM parArthAnumAnamidAnIM tannAntarIyakaM dUSaNaM lakSayatisAdhanadoSodbhAvanaM dUSaNam // 28 // 15 6 61. 'sAdhanasya' parArthAnumAnasya ye asiddhaviruddhAdayo 'doSAH' pUrvamuktAstepAmudbhAvyate prakAzyate'neneti 'udbhAvanam' sAdhanadoSodbhAvakaM vacanaM 'dUSaNam' / uttaratrAbhUtagrahaNAdiha bhUtadoSodbhAvanA dUSaNeti siddham // 28 // - 62. dRSaNalakSaNe duSaNAbhAsalakSaNaM sujJAnameva bhedapratipAdanAthaM tu tallakSaNamAha- abhUtadoSodbhAvanAni dUSaNAbhAsA jAtyuttarANi // 29 // 20 63. avidyamAnAnAM sAdhanadoSANAM pratipAdanAnyadUSaNAnyapi dUSaNavadAbhAsamAnAni 'duussnnaabhaasaaH| tAni ca 'jAtyuttarANi / jAtizabdaH saadRshyvcnH| uttarasadRzAni jAtyuttarANi uttarasthAnaprayuktatvAt / uttarasadRzAni jAtyuttarANi / jAtyA sAdRzyenottarANi jAtyuttarANi / tAni ca samyagghetau hetvAbhAse vA vAdinA prayukte jhaTiti taddoSatatvApratibhAse hetupratibimbanaprAyANi pratyavasthAnAnyanantatvAtparisaGkhyAtuM na 25 zakyante, tathApyakSapAdadarzitadizA sAdhAdipratyavasthAnabhedena sAdharmyavaidhayoMskarSApakarSavardhyAvarNyavikalpasAdhyaprAptyaprAptiprasaGgapratidRSTAntAnutpattisaMzayaprakaraNAhetvarthApatyavizeSopapatyupalabdhyanupalabdhinityAnityakAryasamarUpatayA cturviNshtirupdrshynte| 1 vyAptigrAhakasya uhaakhysy| 2 yat yat kRtkm| 3 yatkRtakaM ttsrvm| 4 yat kRtakaM tadanityameva / 5 anvayavyatirekayoH / 6-0klsndi0-dde0| 7 tAdAtmyatadutpattilakSaNasambandhAbhAve[na] bhUtAdoSa.-De / 9 sNjnyaashbdo'ym| 10-0kaarysruup0-taa| .

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6 . AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 2, A0 1, sU0 29. --664. tatra sAdharmyaNa pratyavasthAnaM sAdharmyasamA jaatiH| yathA anityaH zabdaH kRtakatvAt ghaTavaditi prayoge kRte sAdharmyaprayogeNaiva pratyavasthAnam-nityaH zando niravayavatvAdAkAzavat / na cAsti vizeSaheturghaTasAdhAt kRtakatvAdanityaH zabdo na puna rAkAzasAdhAbhiravayavatvAnitya iti 1 / vaidharyeNa pratyavasthAnaM vaidharmyasamA jaatiH| 5 yathA anityaH zabdaH kRtakatvAdityatraiva prayoge sa eva pratiheturvaidhayeNa prayujyatenityaH zabdo niravayavatvAt ; anityaM hi sAvaMyavaM dRSTaM ghaTAdIti / na cAsti vizeSaheturghaTasAdharmyAtkRtakatvAdanityaH zabdo na punastadvaidhAniravayavatvAmitya iti 2 / utkarSApakarSAbhyAM pratyavasthAnamutkarSApakarSasame jaatii| tatraiva prayoge dRSTAntadharma kacit sAdhyadharmiNyApAdayannutkarSasamAM jAtiM prayuGkte-yadi ghaTavat kRtakatvAdanityaH zabdo 10 ghaTavadeva mUrto'pi bhavatu / na cenmUrto ghaTavadanityo'pi mA bhUditi zabde dharmAntaro tkarSamApAdayati 3 / apakarSastu ghaTaH kRtakaH sannazrAvaNo dRSTa evaM zabdopyastu / no cen ghaTavadanityo'pi mAbhUditi zande zrAvaNatvadharmamapakarSatIti 4 / varSyAvAbhyAM pratyavasthAnaM vAvarNyasame jAtI / khyAphnIyo varNyastadviparIto'varNyaH / tAvetau varSyAvaNyau~ sAdhyadRSTAntadhauM viparyasyan vAvarNyasame jAtI prayuGkte-yathAvidhaH 15 zabdadharmaH kRtakatvAdirna tAdRgghaTadharmo yAdRgghaTadharmo na tAdRk zabdadharma iti 5-6 / dharmAntaravikalpena pratyavasthAnaM vikalpasamA jAtiH / yathA kRtakaM kizcinmRdu dRSTaM rAGkavazayyAdi, kizcitkaThinaM kuThArAdi, evaM kRtakaM kizcidanityaM bhaviSyati ghaTAdi kizcinityaM zabdAdIti 7 / sAdhyasAmyApAdanena pratyavasthAnaM sAdhyasamA jaatiH| yathA-yadi yathA ghaTastathA zabdaH, prAptaM tarhi yathA zabdastathA ghaTa iti / zabdazca sAdhya iti ghaTo'pi 20 sAdhyo bhavatu / tatazca na sAdhyaH sAdhyasya dRSTAntaH syAt / na cedevaM tathApi vailakSaNyA tsutarAmadRSTAnta iti 8 / prAptyaprAptivikalpAbhyAM pratyavasthAnaM prAptyaprAptisame jaatii| yathA yadetat kRtakatvaM tvayA sAdhanamupanyastaM tatki prApya sAdhayatyaprApya vA / prApya cet / dvayorvidyamAnayoreva prAptirbhavati, na sadasatoriti / dvayozca sattvAt kiM kasya sAdhyaM sAdhanaM vaa?9| aprApya tu sAdhanatvamayuktamatiprasaGgAditi 10 / atiprasaGgApAdanena pratyavasthAnaM 25 prasaGgasamA jaatiH| yathA yadyanityatve kRtakatvaM sAdhanaM kRtakatva idAnIM kiM sAdhanam / tatsAdhane'pi kiM sAdhanamiti 111 / pratidRSTAntena pratyavasthAnaM pratidRSTAntasamA jaatiH| yathA anityaH zabdaH prayatnAnantarIyakatvAt ghaTavadityukte jAtivAdyAha-yathA ghaTaH prayanAnantarIyako'nityo dRSTa evaM pratidRSTAnta AkAzaM nityamapi prayatnAnantarIyakaM dRSTam , kUpakhananaprayatnAnantaramupalambhAditi / na cedamanaikAntikatvoDAvanam , bhaNayantareNa pratya 1 jainaH uttaraM brUte niravayavatvaM pakSAsiddhaM sAdhanavikalazca dRSTAntaH, " jhAnenAnaikAntiko'pi / 2 atrApi jJAnenAnaikAntikaH / 3 sAdhyadharmadRSTAntadharmayodharmyamApAdayan / / 4 vayena sAdhyadharmeNa dRSTAntasyAvarNyabhUtasya samatAkhyApane na dRSTAntatvaM syAditi varNyasamA aatiH| 5 avarNyarUpadRSTAntAvaSTammena sAdhanasyA'varNyarUpatvamAyAtamityavarNyasamA jAtiH / 6 yAk ca 50 mu-pA0 /

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61 dUSaNAbhAsanirUpaNam / ]. pramANamImAMsA / 'sthAnAt 12 / anutpatyA pratyavasthAnamanutpattisamA jaatiH| yathA anutpane zabdAkhye dharmiNi kRtakatvaM dharmaH ka vartate ? / tadevaM hetvbhaavaadsiddhirnitytvsyeti.13| sAdhaHsamA vaidharmyasamA vA yA jAtiH pUrvamudAhRtA saiva saMzayenopasaMhiyamANA saMzayasamA jAtirbhavati / yathA kiM ghaTasAdhAt kRtakatvAdanityaH zabda uta tadvaidhAdAkAzasAdhAdvA niravayavatvAnitya iti ? 14 / dvitIyapakSotthApanabuddhayA prayujyamAnA 5 saiva sAdharmyasamA vaidharmyasamA vA jAtiH prakaraNasamA bhvti| tatraiva anityaH zabdaH kRtakatvAd ghaTavaditi prayoge-nityaH zabdaH zrAvaNatvAcchabdatvavaditi udbhAvanaprakArabhedamAtre sati nAnAtvaM draSTavyam 15 / traikAlyAnupapattyA hetoH atyavasthAnamahetusamA jaatiH| yathA hetuH sAdhanam / tat sAdhyAtpUrva pazcAt saha vA bhavet / yadi pUrvam ; asati sAdhye tat kasya sAdhanam ? / atha pazcAtsAdhanam ; pUrva tarhi sAyam , tasmiMzca pUrvasiddhe 10 kiM sAdhanena ? / atha yugapatsAdhyasAdhane tarhi tayoH savyetaragovisApAyoriva sAdhyasAdhanamA eka na bhavediti 16 / arthApattyA pratyavasthAnamApattisamA jAtiH / yadyanityasAdhamyAtkRtakatvAdanityaH zabdaH, arthAdApadyate nityasAdharmyAnitya iti / asti cAsya nityenAkAzAdinA sAdhamyaM niravayavatvamityudbhAvanaprakArabheda evAyamiti 17 / / avizeSApAdanena pratyavasthAnamavizeSasamA jAtiH / yathA yadi zabdaghaTayoreko dharmaH 15 kRtakatvamiSyate tarhi samAnadharmayogAttayoravizeSe tadvadeva sarvapadArthAnAmavizeSaH prasajyata iti 18 / upapattyA pratyavasthAnamupapattisamA jaatiH| yathA yadi kRtakatvopapattyA zabdasyAnityatvam, niravayavatvopapattyA nityatvamapi kasmAna bhavati / pakSadvayopa- . patyA'nadhyavasAyaparyavasAnatvaM vivakSitamityudbhAvanaprakArabheda evAyam 19 / upala dhyA pratyavasthAnamupalabdhisamA jaatiH| yathA anityaH zabdaH prayatnAnantarIyakatvA- 20 diti prayukte pratyavatiSThate-na khalu prayatnAnantarIyakatvamanityatve sAdhanam ; sAdhanaM hi taducyate yena vinA na sAdhyamupalabhyate / upalabhyate ca prayatnAnantarIyakatvena vinA'pi vidyudAdAvanityatvam / zabde'pi kvacidvAyuvegabhajyamAnavanaspatyAdijanye tathaiveti 20 / anupalabdhyA pratyavasthAnamanupalabdhisamA jAtiH / yathA tatraiva prayatnAnantarIyakatvahetAvupanyaste satyAha jAtivAdI-na prayatnakAryaH zabdaH prAguccAraNAdastyevAsAvAva- 25 raNayogAttu nopalabhyate / AvaraNAnupalambhe'pyanupalambhAnAstyeva zabda iti cet na, AvaraNAnupalambhepyanupalambhasadbhAvAt / AvaraNAnupalabdhezcAnupalambhAdabhAvaH / tadabhAve cAvaraNopalabdhebhovo bhavati / tatazca mRdantaritamUlakIlodakAdivadAvaraNopalabdhikRtameva zabdasya prAguccAraNAdagrahaNamiti prayatnakAryatvAbhAvAnnityaH zabda iti'21 / sAdhya 1 tathaivAni0-De / 2 jainaM prati dRSTAntaH sAdhyavikalastena hi zabdatvasya nityAnityatvasyAbhyupetatvAt vyaaptirpysiddhaa| 3 udbhAvanaM pra0-tA0 / 4 tasmin pUrva siddhe-De0 / 5- dbhAvanaM pra0-De / 6 atra puurvoktmevottrm| 7-0tyevAvara0-De / 8 cet aa0-dde0| 9 atrottaram-pratyayamedabheditvAt a(2). prasalAnantarIyakatvaM vivakSitazabdasya siddhameva dravyatva(1)prayatnena zabdo vivakSito janyata eva na tu vyjyte|

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62 AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 2, A0 1, sU0 29-30. dharmanityAnityatvavikalpena zabdanityatvApAdanaM nityasamA jAtiH / yathA anityaH zabda iti pratijJAte jAtivAdI vikalpayati-yeyamanityatA zabdasyocyate sA kimanityA nityA veti / yadyanityA; tadiyamavazyamapAyinItyanityatAyA apAyAnityaH zabdaH / athAnityatA nityaiva ; tathApi dharmasya nityatvAttasya ca nirAzrayasyAnupapattestadAzraya5 bhUtaH zabdo'pi nityo bhavet , tadanityatve taddharmanityatvAyogAdityubhayathApi nityaH zabda iti 22 / sarvabhAvAnityatvopapAdanena pratyavasthAnamanityasamA jaatiH| yathA ghaTena sAdharmyamanityena zabdasyAstIti tasyAnityatvaM yadi pratipAdyate, tad ghaTena sarvapadArthA nAmastyeva kimapi sAdharmyamiti teSAmapyanityatvaM syAt / atha padArthAntarANAM tathA- bhAve'pi nAnityatvam ; tarhi zabdasyApi tanmA bhUditi / anityatvamAtrApAdanapUrvakavize10 SodbhAvanAcAvizeSasamAto bhineyaM jAtiH 23 / prayatnakAryanAnAtvopanyAsena pratyavasthAnaM kAryasamA jaatiH| yathA anityaH zabdaH prayatnAnantarIyakatvAdityukte jAtivAdyAhaprayatnasya dvairUpyaM dRSTam-kizcidasadeva tena janyate yathA ghaTAdi, kizcitsadevAvaraNavyudAsAdinAbhivyajyate yathA mRdantaritamUlakIlAdi, evaM prayatnakAryanAnAtvAdeSa prayatnena zabdo vyajyate janyate veti saMzaya iti / saMzayApAdanaprakArabhedAcca saMzayasamAtaH kArya15 samA jAtirbhidyate 24 / 665. tadevamudbhAvanaviSayavikalpabhedena jAtInAmAnantye'pyasaGkIrNodAharaNavivakSayA caturviMzatirjAtibhedA ete darzitAH / pratisamAdhAnaM tu sarvajAtInAmanyathAnupapatilakSaNAnumAnalakSaNaparIkSaNameva / na hyaviplutalakSaNe hetAvevaMprAyAH pAMzupAtAH prabhavanti / kRtakatvaprayatnAnantarIyakatvayozca dRDhapratibandhatvAnnAvaraNAdikRtaM zabdAnupala20 mbhanamapi tvanityatvakRtameva / jAtiprayoge ca pareNa kRte samyaguttarameva vaktavyaM na . pratIpaM jAtyuttaraireva pratyavastheyamAsamaJjasya prasaGgAditi / 66. chalamapi ca samyaguttaratvAbhAvAjAtyuttarameve / uktaM hyetadudbhAvanaprakArabhedenAnantAni jAtyuttarANIti / tatra parasya vadato'rthavikalpopapAdanena vacanavighAta zchalam / tatridhA vAkchalaM sAmAnyacchalamupacAracchalaM ceti / tatra sAdhAraNe zabde prayukte 25 vakturabhipretAdarthAdarthAntarakalpanayA taniSedho vAkchalam / yathA navakambalo'yaM mANa vaka iti nUtanavivakSayA kathite paraH saGkhyAmAropya niSedhati-kuto'sya nava kambalA iti / sambhAvanayAtiprasaGgino'pi sAmAnyasyopanyAse hetutvAropaNena taniSedhaH sAmAnyacchalam / yathA aho nu khalvasau brAhmaNo vidyAcaraNasampanna iti brAhmaNastutiprasaGge kazcidvadati-sambhavati brAhmaNe vidyAcaraNasampaditi / tat chalavAdI brAhmaNatvasya hetutA30 mAropya nirAkurvannabhiyuGkte-yadi brAhmaNe vidyAcaraNasampad bhavati, vrAtye'pi sA bhavet 1-0 tyaiva na tathA0 -De0 / 2 vinazvarasvabhAvAyAmanityatAyAM nityAnityatvavikalpanA na ghaTata eva anyathA kRtakatvasyA'pi kRtakatvaM pRcchyatAm / 3 jaina prati(?)sAdhyatA naiyAyika pratyanityatvasya zabdakRtakatvena vyAptidRSTA vybhicaaraat(?)|4-0kssnnhetuprii0-dde 0 / 5- meva ca / - dde0| 6-pretAdarthAntara-De /

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vAdasya nirUpaNam / ] pramANamImAMsA | arvispi brAhmaNa eveti / aupacArike prayoge mukhyapratiSedhena pratyavasthAnamupacAracchalam / yathA maJcAH krozantIti ukte paraH pratyavatiSThate - kathamacetanAH maJcAH krozanti maJcasthAstu puruSAH krozantIti / tadatra chalatraye'pi vRddhavyavahAraprasiddha zabdasAmarthya - parIkSaNameva samAdhAnaM veditavyamiti // 29 // 9 67. sAdhanadUSaNAdyabhidhAnaM ca prAyo vAde bhavatIti vAdasya lakSaNamAhatattvasaMrakSaNArthaM prAznikAdisamakSaM sAdhanadUSaNavadanaM vAdaH // 30 // "sva samayapara samayajJAH kulajAH pakSadvayepsitAH kSamiNaH / vAdapatheSvabhiyuktAstulAsamAH prAznikAH proktAH // " SS 68, svapakSasiddhaye vAdinaH 'sAdhanam' tatpratiSedhAya prativAdino 'dUSaNam ' / prativAdino'pi svapakSasiddhaye 'sAdhanam' tatpratiSedhAya vAdino 'dUSaNam' / tadevaM vAdinaH sAdhanadUSaNe prativAdino'pi sAdhanadUSaNe dvayorvAdiprativAdibhyAm 'vadanam' abhidhAnam 10 'vAda:' / kathamityAha - 'prAznikAdisamakSam ' / prAznikAH sabhyAH 63 5 ityevaMlakSaNAH / 'Adi' grahaNena sabhApativAdiprativAdiparigrahaH, seyaM caturaGgA kathA, ekasyApyaGgasya vaikalye kathAtvAnupapatteH / nahi varNAzramapAlanakSama nyAyAnyAyavya - 15 vasthApakaM pakSapAtarahitatvena samadRSTi sabhApatiM yathoktalakSaNAMzca prAzvikAn vinA vAdiprativAdinau svAbhimatasAdhanadUSaNasaraNimArAdhayituM kSamau / nApi duHzikSitakutarkalezavAcAlabAlizajanaviplAvito gatAnugatiko janaH sanmArga pratipadyeteti / tasya phalamAha - 'tatvasaMrakSaNArtham ' / ' tatva' zabdena tattvanizcayaH sAdhujanahRdayaviparivartI gRhyate, tasya rakSaNaM durvidagdhajanajanitavikalpakalpanAta iti / Dai SS 69. nanu tattvarakSaNaM jalpasya vitaNDAyA vA prayojanam / yadAha - " tattvAdhyavasAyasaMrakSaNArthaM jalpavitaNDe bIjapraroha saMrakSaNAtha kaNTakazAkhAparicaraNavat" [ nyAyasU0 4 0.50 ] iti na vAdasyApi nigrahasthAnavatvena tattvasaMrakSaNArthatvAt / na cAsya nigrahasthAnavattvamasiddham / "pramANatarkasAdhano-, pAlambhaH siddhAntAMviruddhaH paJcAvayavopapannaH pakSapratipakSaparigraho vAdaH " 25 [ nyAyasU0 1. 2. 1 ] iti vAdalakSaNe siddhAntAviruddha ityanenApasiddhAntasya, paJcAvayavopapanna ityanena nyUnAdhikayorhetvAbhAsapazcakasya cetyaSTAnAM nigrahasthAnAnAmanujJAnAt teSAM ca nigrahasthAnAntaropalakSaNatvAt / ata eva na jalpavitaNDe kathe, vAdasyaiva tattvasaMrakSaNArthatvAt / 1 ....9 70, nanu " yathoktopapannacchalajAtinigrahasthAna sAdhano pAlambho jalpaH " 30 1 - 0 SaNe tayorvA - 00 / 2 ityevaMtvala0 - 0 / 20

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64 AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 2 0 1 sU0 31-340 [-nyA0 1. 2. 2 ], "sa pratipakSasthApanAhIno vitaNDA " [nyA0] 1. 2. 2] iti lakSa bhedajalpavitaNDe api kathe vidyete eva; na; pratipakSasthApanAhInAyA vitaNDAyAH kathAtvAyogAt / vaitaiNDiko hi svapakSamabhyupagamyAsthApayan yatkiMcidvAdena parapakSameva dUSayan kathamavadheyavacanaH 1 | jalpastu yadyapi dvayorapi vAdiprativAdinoH sAdhano5 pAlambhasambhAvanayA kathAtvaM labhate tathApi na vAdAdarthAntaram, vAdenaiva caritArthatvAt / chalajAtinigrahasthAnabhUyastvayogAdacaritArtha iti cet ; na, chalajAtiprayogasya dUSaNAbhAsatvenAprayojyatvAt, nigrahasthAnAnAM ca vAdepyaviruddhatvAt / na khalu kharTacapeTAmukhabandhAdayo'nucitA nigrahA jalpe'pyupayujyante / ucitAnAM ca nigrahasthAnAnAM vAde'pi na virodho'sti / tanna vAdAt jalpasya kazcid vizeSo'sti / lAbhapUjA10 khyAtikAmitAdIni tu prayojanAni tatvAdhyavasAya saMrakSaNalakSaNapradhAnaphalAnubandhIni puruSadharmatvAdvAde'pi na nivArayituM pAryante / 15 971. nanu chalajAtiprayogo'saduttaratvAdvAde na bhavati, jalpe tu tasyAnujJAnAdasti vAdajalpayorvizeSaH / yadAha 25 naivam / asaduttaraiH parapratikSepasya kartumayuktatvAt ; na hyanyAyena jayaM yazo dhanaM vA mahAtmAnaH samIhante / atha prabalaprativAdidarzanAt tarjaye dharmadhvaMsasambhAvanAt, 20 pratibhAkSayeNa samyaguttarasyApratibhAsAdasaduttarairapi pAMzubhirivA vakiranekAntaparAjayAdvaraM sandeha iti dhiyA na doSamAvahatIti cet; na, asyApavAdikasya jAtyuttaraprayogasya kathAntarasamarthanasAmarthyAbhAvAt / vAda eva dravyakSetrakAlabhAvAnusAreNa yadyasaduttaraM kathaMcana prayuJjIta kimetAvatA kathAntaraM prasajyeta ? / tasmAjjalpavitaNDAnirAkaraNena vAda evaikaH kathAprathAM labhata iti sthitam // 30 // $ 72. vAdazca jayaparAjayAvasAno bhavatIti jayaparAjayayorlakSaNamAhasvapakSasya siddhirjayaH // 31 // "duH zikSita kutarkAMzalezavAcAlitAnanAH / zakyAH kimanyathA jetuM vitaNDATopapaNDitAH // gatAnugatiko lokaH kumArge tatpratAritaH / mA gAditi cchalAdIni prAha kAruNiko muniH" // iti / 9 73. vAdinaH prativAdino vA yA svapakSasya siddhiH sA jayaH / sA ca svapakSasAdhanadoSaparihAreNa parapakSasAdhanadoSodbhAvanena ca bhavati / svapakSe sAdhanamabruvannapi prati 1-0hInA vi0- De0 / 2 " prayonam " ( haimaza0 6. 4. 117 ) itIkaN / 3 * ko'pi sva0 - tA0 / 4 pratyapi / 5 yaca tat kiJcizca tasya vAdaH / 6 tRNavizeSa0 / 7 anusArINi 8 chalAdIn vinA / & tasya prativAdino jaye / 10 cet asyA0 - tA0 / 11 parihArodbhAvanAbhyAM samastAbhyAM na vyastAbhyAm iti cArthaH /

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nimahasthAnasya nirUpaNam / ] pramANamImAMsA / vAdI vAdisAdhanasya viruddhatAsudbhAvayan vAdinaM jayati, viruddhatodbhAvanenaiva svapakSe sAdhanasyoktatvAt / yadAha-"viruddhaM hetumudbhAvya vAdinaM jayatItaraH" iti // 31 // .. asiddhiH parAjayaH // 32 // 74. vAdinaH prativAdino vA yA svapakSasya 'asiddhiH sA 'parAjayaH' / sA ca / sAdhanAbhAsAbhidhAnAt , samyaksAdhane'pi vA paroktadUSaNAnuddharaNAdbhavati // 32 // 5 . 6 75. nanu yadyasiddhiH parAjayaH, sa tarhi kIdRzo nigrahaH ?, nigrahAntA hi kathA bhavatItyAha sa nigraho vAdiprativAdinIH // 33 // ___ 76. 'sa' parAjaya eva 'vAdiprativAdinoH' 'nigrahaH' na vadhabandhAdiH / athavA sa eva svapakSAsiddhirU~paH parAjayo nigrahahetutvAnigraho nAnyo yathAhuH pare-"viprati- 10 .. pattirapratipattizca nigrahasthAnam" [nyAyasU. 1. 2. 19] iti // 33 // ... F77. tatrAha. . na vipratipattyapratipattimAtram // 34 // 78. viparItA kutsitA vigarhaNIyA pratipattiH 'vipratipatti-sAdhanAbhAse sAdhanabuddhiSaNAbhAse ca duussnnbuddhiH| aprtipttistvaarmbhvissye'naarmbhH| sa ca sAdhane 15 duSaNaM dUSaNe coddharaNaM tayorakaraNam 'aprtipttiH| dvidhA hi vAdI parAjIyate-yathAkartavyamapratipadyamAno viparItaM vA pratipardhamAna iti / vipratipattyapratipattI eva 'vipratipattyapratipattimAtram' 'na' parAjayahetuH kintu svapakSasyAsiddhireveti / vipratipattyapratipattyozca / nigrahasthAnatvanirAsAt tadbhedAnAmapi nigrahasthAnatvaM nirastam / 79. te ca dvaaviNshtirbhvnti| tadyathA-1 pratijJAhAniH, 2 pratijJAntaram, 20 3 pratijJAvirodhaH, 4 pratijJAsaMnyAsaH, 5 hetvantaram , 6 arthAntaram , 7 nirarthakam , 8 avijJAtArtham , 9 apArthakam , 10 aprAptakAlam, 11 nyUnam , 12 adhikam , 13 punaruktam , 14 ananubhASaNam , 15 ajJAnam , 16 apratibhA, 17 vikSepaH, 18 matAnujJA, 19 paryanuyojyopekSaNam , 20 niranuyojyAnuyogaH, 21 apasiddhAntaH, 22 hetvAbhAsAzceti / atrAnanubhASaNamajJAnamapratibhA vikSepaH paryanuyojyopekSaNamitya- 25 pratipattiprakArAH / zeSA viprtipttibhedaaH| 680. tatra pratijJAhAnerlakSaNam-"pratidRSTAntadharmAnujJA svadRSTAnte pratijJA 1 viruddhahe.. - DeH / 2 trayastriMzattamaM catustriMzattamaM ca sUtradvayaM sahaiva likhitaM saM-mU. prtau| 3-0ndhAdi / a0 - De0 / 4 - 0 rUpapa * - De0 / 5 dezatADanAdi / 6 paro - De0 / 7 ArabhamANaH / 8 pratidRSTAntasya sAmAnyasya dharmo nityatvam / 8-dhrmaabhynujnyaa-mu0|..

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66 AcAryazrI hemacandraviracitA [a0 2, A0 1 sU0 34. hAniH" [nyAyasU0 5. 2. 2.] iti sUtram / asya bhASyakArIyaM vyAkhyAnam - "sAdhyadharmapratyanIkena dharmeNa pratyavasthitaH pratidRSTAntadharma svadRSTAnte'nujAnan pratijJAM jahAtIti pratijJAhAniH / yathA anityaH zabdaH aindriyakatvAd ghaTavadityukte paraH pratyavatiSThate - sAmAnya maindriyakaM nityaM dRSTaM kasmAnna tathA zabdo'pItyevaM 5 svaprayuktahetorA bhAsatAmavasyannapi kathAvasAnamakRtvA pratijJAtyAgaM karotiyadyaindriyakaM sAmAnyaM nityam, kAmaM ghaTo'pi nityo'stviti / sa khalvayaM sAdhanasya dRSTAntasya nityasvaM prasajan nigamanAntameva pakSaM jahAti / pakSaM ca parityajan pratijJAM jahAtItyucyate pratijJAzrayatvAt pakSasyeti"[ nyAyabhA0 5. 2. 2 ] / tadetadasaGgatameva, sAkSAd dRSTAntahAnirUpatvAt tasyAH tatraivaM dharma10 parityAgAt / paramparayA tu hetUpanayanigamanAnAmapi tyAgaH, dRSTAntasAdhutve teSAma sAdhutvAt / tathA ca pratijJAhAnirevetyasaGgatameva / vArttikakArastu vyAcaSTe - "haSTazvAsAnte sthitatvAdantazceti haiSTAntaH pakSaH / svadRSTAntaH svapakSaH / pratidRSTAntaH pratipakSaH / pratipakSasya dharma svapakSe'bhyanujAnan pratijJAM jahAtiyadi sAmAnya maindriyakam nityaM zabdo'pyevamastviti" [ nyAyavA05. 2, 2 ] / 15 tadetadapi vyAkhyAnamasaGgatam, itthameva pratijJAhAneravadhArayitumazakyatvAt / na khalu pratipakSasya dharma svapakSe'bhyanujAnata eva pratijJAtyAgo yenAyameka eva prakAraH pratijJAhAnauM syAt, adhikSepAdibhirAkulIbhAvAt prakRtyA sabhAbhIrutvAdanyamanaskatvAdervA nimittA[t] kiJcit sAdhyatvena pratijJAya tadviparItaM pratijAnAnasyApyupalambhAt puruSabhrAnteranekakIraNakatvopapatteriti 1 / 20 81. pratijJAtArthapratiSedhe pareNa kRte tatraiva dharmiNi dharmAntaraM sAdhanIyamamidadhataH pratijJAntaraM nAma nigrahasthAnaM bhavati / anityaH zabdaH aindriyakatvAdityukte tathaiva sAmAnyena vyabhicAre nodite yadi brUyAt - yuktaM sAmAnyamaindriyakaM nityaM taddhi 1 vAtsyAyanam / 2 vAtsyAyanabhASye tu -- " sAdhyadharma pratyanIkena dharmeNa pratyavasthite pratidRSTAntadharmaM svadRSTAnte'bhyanujAnanpratijJAM jahAtIti pratijJAhAniH / nidarzanam - aindriyakatvAdanityaH zabdo ghaTavaditi kRte'para Aha dRSTamaindriyakatvaM sAmAnye nitye kasmAnna tathA zabda iti pratyavasthite idamAha - yadyaindriyakaM sAmAnyaM nityaM kAmaM ghaTo nityostviti / sa khalvayaM sAdhakasya dRSTAntasya nityatvaM prasaJjayannigamanAntameva pakSaM jahAti / pakSaM jahatpratijJAM jahAtItyucyate pratijJAzrayatvAtpakSasyeti / " - nyAyabhA0 5. 2. 2 mu-Ti0 / 3 prativAdinA paryanuyojitaH / 4 vAdI / 5 - 0yuktasya heto 0 - De0 / 6 anaikAntikatvena / 7 prasaJjana - 0De0 / prasajjayan - mu0 / 8 abhyupagataM pakSam / tasyAH pratijJAhAneH / 10 dRSTAnte / 11 - 0 ntasAdhutve 0 - tA0 / 12 nyAyavArtike tu- "dRSTazcAsAvante vyavasthita iti dRSTAntaH svazvAsau dRSTAntazceti svadRSTAntazabdena pakSa evAbhidhIyate / pratidRSTAntazabdena ca pratipakSaH pratipakSazcAsau dRSTAntazceti / etaduktaM bhavati / parapakSasya yo dharmastaM svapakSa evAnujAnAtIti yathA anityaH zabdaH aindriyakatvAditi dvitIyapakSavAdini sAmAnyena pratyavasthite idamAha-yadi sAmAnyamaindriyakaM nityaM dRSTamiti zabdo'pyevaM bhavatviti / " - nyAyavA0 5. 2. 2- mu-Ti0 / 13 anto nigamanam tatra ca sthitaH ekaH pakSaH pratijJAyAH punarvacanam / 14 dRSTAntaH sa pakSaH pratidRSTAntaH - De0 / 15 nimittatvAt - De0 / 16 kAraNatvo0 - De0 / -0

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nigrahasthAnasya nirUpaNam / ..pramANamImAMsA / sarvagatamasarvagatastu zabda iti / so'yam 'anityaH zabdaH' iti pUrvapratijJAtaH pratijJAntaram 'asarvagataH zabdaH' iti kurvan pratijJAntareNa nigRhIto bhavati / etadapi pratijJAhAnivanna yuktam , tsyaapyneknimitttvopptteH| pratijJAhAnitazcAsya kathaM bhedaH, pakSatyAgasyobhayatrAvizeSAt ? / yathaiva hi pratidRSTAntadharmasya svadRSTAnte'bhyanujJAnAt pakSatyAgastathA pratijJAntarAdapi / yathA ca svapakSasiddhayarthaM pratijJAntaraM vidhIyate tathA zabdAnityatvasi- 5 yathaM bhrAntivaMzAt tadvacchabdo'pi nityo'stu' ityanujJAnam , yathA cAbhrAntasyedaM virudhyate tathA pratijJAntaramapi / nimittabhedAca tadbhede aniSTanigrahasthAnAntarANAmapyanuSaGgaH syAt / teSAM ca tatrAntarbhAve pratijJAntarasyApi pratijJAhAnAvantarbhAvaH syAditi 2 / 682. "pratijJAhetvorvirodhaH pratijJAvirodhaH" [nyAyasU0 5. 2. 4] nAma nigrahasthAnaM bhavati / yathA guNavyatiriktaM dravyaM rUpAdibhyo'rthAntarasyAnupalabdheriti / so'yaM 10 pratijJAhetvorvirodhaH-yadi guNavyatiriktaM dravyaM kathaM rUpAdibhyo'rthAntarasyAnupalabdhiH 1, atha rUpAdibhyo'rthAntarasyAnupalabdhiH kathaM guNavyatiriktaM dravyamiti ?, tadayaM pratijJAviruddhAbhidhAnAt parAjIyate / tadetadasaGgatam / yato hetunA pratijJAyAH pratijJAtve niraste prakArAntarataH pratijJAhAnireveyamuktA syAt , hetudoSo vA viruddhatAlakSaNaH, na pratijJAdoSa iti 3 / . 15 6 83. pakSasAdhane pareNa dUSite taduddharaNAzaktyA pratijJAmeva nivAnasya pratijJAsaMnyAso nAma nigrahasthAnaM bhavati / yathA anityaH zabdaH aindriyakatvAdityukte tathaiva sAmAnyenAnaikAntikatAyAmudbhAvitAyAM yadi brUyAt-ka evamAha-anityaH zabda Iti-sa pratijJAsaMnyAsAt parAjito bhavatIti / etadapi pratijJAhAnito na bhidyate, hetoranaikAntikatvopalambhenAtrApi pratijJAyAH parityAgAvizeSAta 4 / - 684. avizeSAbhihite hetau pratiSiddhe tadvizeSaNamabhidadhato hetvantaraM nAma nigrahasthAnaM bhavati / tasminneva prayoge tathaiva sAmAnyasya vyabhicAreNa duSite-'jAtimattve sati' ityAdivizeSaNamupAdadAno hetvantareNa nigRhIto bhavati / idamapyatiprasRtam , yato'vizeSokte dRSTAnte upanaye nigamane vA pratiSiddhe vizeSamicchato dRSTAntAdyantaramapi nigrahasthAnAntaramanuSajyeta, tatrApyAkSepasamAdhAnAnAM samAnatvAditi 5 / 25 ... 85. prekRtAdarthAdarthAntaraM tadanaupayikamabhidadhato'rthAntaraM nAma nigrahasthAnaM bhavati / yathA anityaH zabdaH / kRtakatvAditi hetuH / heturiti hinoterdhAtostupratyaye kRdantaM padam / padaM ca nAmAkhyAtanipAtopasargA iti prastutya nAmAdIni vyAcakSANo'rthAntareNa nigRhyate / etadapyarthAntaraM nigrahasthAnaM samartha sAdhane dUSaNe vA prokte .' 1 pUrva prati0 -De / 2- ttatopa0 - De0 / 3 yadA prativAdinA akRte'pi prati]jJA[tA]rthapratiSedhe Azakya(ya)vocyate'sarvagatastu zabda iti tadA anyanimittakatvaM pratijJAntarasma / 4-0vshaattcchbdo-dde|| 5- .nussvnggH-dde| 6 iti prti0-dde| 7-0nyavya-tA0 / - iti hetvantaram / iprkRtaarthaadoNntrm-dde0| 10 padaM nAma - taa0|11 pratyayanAmA0 - dde|

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68 AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 2, A0 1, sU0 34. nigrahAya kalpeta, asamarthe vA / na tAvatsamarthe; svasAdhyaM prasAdhya nRtyato'pi doSAbhAvAlokavat / asamarthe'pi prativAdinaH pakSasiddhau tet nigrahAya syAdasiddhau vA / prathamapakSe tatpakSasiddherevAsya nigraho na tvato nigrahasthAnAt / dvitIyapakSe'pyato na nigrahaH, pakSasiddharubhayorapyabhAvAditi 6 / / 5 86. abhidheyarahitavarNAnupUrvIprayogamAtraM nirarthakaM nAma nigrahasthAnaM bhavati / yathA anityaH zabdaH kacaTatapAnAM gajaDadabatvAd ghajhaDhadhabhavaditi / etadapi sarvathArthazUnyatvAnnigrahAya kalpeta, sAdhyAnupayogAdvA ? / tatrAdyavikalpo'yuktaH, sarvathArthazUnyazabdasyaivAsambhavAt , varNakramanirdezasyApyanukAryeNArthanArthavattvopapatteH / dvitIyavikalpe tu sarvameva nigrahasthAnaM nirarthakaM syAt sAdhyasiddhAvanupayogitvAvizeSAt / kiJci10 dvizeSamAtreNa bhede vA khAdkRta-hastAsphAlana-kakSApiTTitAderapi sAdhyAnupayogino nigrahasthAnAntaratvAnuSaGga iti 7 / 6.87. yat sAdhanavAkyaM dRSaNavAkyaM vA trirabhihitamapi pariSatprativAdibhyAM bodaM na zakyate tat avijJAtArtha nAma nigrahasthAnaM bhavati / atredamucyate-vAdinA trirami hitamapi vAkyaM pariSatprativAdibhyAM mandamatitvAdavijJAtam , gUDhAbhidhAnato vA, drutocA15 raadvaa| prathamapakSe satsAdhanavAdino'pyetannigrahasthAnaM syAt , tatrApyanayormandamatitvenA vijJAtatvasambhavAt / dvitIyapakSe tu patravAkyaprayoge'pi tatprasaGgaH, gUDhAbhidhAnatayA pariSatprativAdinormahAprAjJayorapyavijJAtatvopalambhAt / athAbhyAmavijJAtamapyetat vAdI vyAcaSTe gUDhopanyAsamapyAtmanaH sa eva vyAcaSTAm , avyAkhyAne tu. jayAbhAva evAsya, - na punarnigrahaH, parasya pakSasiddherabhAvAt / drutocArepyanayoH kathazcit jJAnaM sambhavatyeva, 20 siddhAntadvayaveditvAt / sAdhyAnupayogini tu vAdinaH pralApamAtre tayoravijJAnaM nAvijJAtArtha varNakramanirdezavat / tato nedamavijJAtArtha nirarthakAdbhidyata iti 8 / 688. pUrvAparAsaGgatapadasamUhaprayogAdapratiSThitavAkyArthamapArthakaM nAma nigrahasthAnaM bhavati / yathA daza dADimAni SaDapUpA ityAdi / etadapi nirarthakAna bhidyate / yathaiva hi gajaDadabAdau varNAnAM nairarthakyaM tathAtra padAnAmiti / yadi punaH padanairarthakyaM varNa25 nairarthakyAdanyatvAnnigrahasthAnAntaraM tarhi vAkyanairarthakyasyApyAbhyAmanyatvAnnigrahasthAnAntaratvaM syAt padavatpaurvAparyeNA'prayujyamAnAnAM vAkyAnAmapyanekadhopalabhyAt "zaGkhaH kadalyAM kadalI ca bhayoM tasyAM ca bhayo sumahachimAnam / tacchaDabherIkadalIvimAnamunmattagaGgapratimaM babhUva // " ityAdivat / 1 pakSAntaram (?) arthAntaram / 2-0siddhireva - De0 / 3 arthAntarAt / 4 bhedena khAda - De. bhede vA SaTkRta - mu-paa0| 5 gUDhAnAM zabdAnAmabhidhAnam / 6 satsAdhanepi / 7 avijJAtatvaprasaGgaH / prahelikAdikam / patravAkyam / 10 sAdhyavAkyam / 11 siddhAntavedi0 - De0 / 11 atha nigrahavAdI evaM brUyAt vAdinaH pralApamAtram avijJAtasya lakSaNam ityAzaGkAyAmAha (?) / 13 kartari SaSThI na (1) / 25-0jJAtaM nA.- taa0| 15 sAdhyAnupayogitvAt / 16 varNapadanairarthakyAbhyAm /

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nigrahasthAnasya nirUpaNam / ] prmaannmiimaaNsaa| ' -: 689. yadi punaH pardainararthakyameva vAkyanararthakyaM padasamudAyAtmakatvAt tasya tarhi varNanairarthakyameva padanairarthakyaM syAt varNasamudAyAtmakatvAt tasya / varNAnAM sarvatra nirarthakatvAt padasyApi tatprasaGgazcet / tarhi padasyApi nirarthakatvAt tatsamudAyAtmano vAkyasyApi nairarthakyAnuSaGgaH / padasyArthavattvena(vattve ca) padArthApekSayA [vArthApekSayA] varNasyApi tadastu prakRtipratyayAdivat : na khalu prakRtiH kevalA padaM pratyayo vaa| nApyanayora- 5 narthakatvam / abhivyaktArthAbhAvAdanarthakatve; padasyApi tat syAt / yathaiva hi prakRtyarthaH pratyayenAbhivyajyate pratyayArthazca prakRtyA tayoH kevalayoraprayogAt tathA devadattastiSThatItyAdiprayogesyAdhantapadArthasya tyAdyantapadArthasya ce styAdyantapadenAbhivyakta kevlsyaapryogH| padAntarApekSasya padasya sArthakatvaM prakRtyapekSasya pratyayasya tadapekSasya ca prakRtyAdivarNasya samAnamiti 9 / 690. pratijJAhetUdAharaNopanayanigamanavacanakramamullaGghayAvayavaviparyAsena prayujyamAnamanumAnavAkyamaprAptakAlaM nAma nigrahasthAnaM bhavati; svapratipattivat parapratipatterjanane parArthAnumAne kramasyApyaGgatvAt / etadapyapezalam , prekSAvatAM pratipattRRNAmavayavakramaniyama vinApyarthapratipacyupalambhAt / nanu yathApazabdAcchatAcchabdasmaraNaM tato'rthapratyaya iti zabdAdevArthapratyayaH paramparayA tathA pratijJAdyavayavavyutkramAta tatkramasmaraNaM tato vAkyA- 15 rthapratyayo na punastadvayutkramAt ; ityapyasAram , evaMvidhapratItyabhAvAt / yasmAddhi zabdAducaritAt yatrArthe pratItiH sa eva tasya vAcako nAnyaH, anyathA zabdAttatkramAccApazabde tavyatikrame ca smaraNaM tato'rthapratItirityapi vaktuM zakyeta / evaM zabdAnvAkhyAnavaiyarthyamiti cet, naivam , vA~dino'niSTamAtrApAdanAt apazabde'pi cAnvAkhyAnasyopalambhAt / saMskRtAcchabdAtsatyAt dharmo'nyasmAdadharma iti niyame cAnyadharmA- 20 dharmopAyAnuSThAnavaiyarthya dharmAdharmayozcApratiniyamaprasaGgaH, adhArmike ca dhArmike ca taccha-. bdopalambhAt / bhavatu vA tatkramAdarthapratItistathApyarthapratyayaH krameNa sthito yena vAkyena vyutkramyate tanirarthakaM na tvaprAptakAlamiti 10 / 691. paJcAvayave vAkye prayoktavye tadanyatamenApyavayavena hInaM nyUnaM nAma nigrahasthAnaM bhavati, sAdhanAbhAve sAdhyasiddherabhAgat , pratijJAdInAM ca pazcAnAmapi sAdha- 25 natvAt ityapyasamIcInam , paJcAvayavaprayogamantareNApi sAdhyasiddharabhidhAnAt pratijJAhetuprayogamantareNaiva tatsiddherabhAvAt / atastaddhInameva nyUnaM nigrahasthAnamiti 11 / 6 92. ekenaiva hetunodAharaNena vA pratipAdite'rthe hetvantaramudAharaNAntaraM vA vadato'dhikaM nAma nigrahasthAnaM bhavati nisspryojnaabhidhaanaat| etadapyayuktam, tathA 1 daza dADimAni.SaDapUpA ityatra tu padAnAmeva nairarthakyam na vAkyasya kriyAyA azrAvaNasvAta (ashrvnnaat)|2-0kssyaa tasyApi - De0 / 3 arthavattvam / 4 prkRtiprtyyyoH| 5ca stuupcnt0-taa| 6 yathApi zabdA0 -dde0| 7krmvaadinH| satyAdharmo- De0 / adhArmike dhArmika-De0 /

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AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 2, A0. 1, sU0 34. vidhAdvAkyAMt pakSasiddhau parAjayAyogAt / kathaM caivaM pramANasaMplavo'bhyupagamyate ? / abhyupagameM vAdhikannigrahAya jAyeta / pratipattidAyasaMvAdasiddhiprayojanasadbhAvAna nigrahaH, ityanyatrApi samAnam , hetunodAharaNena cai(vai)kena prasAdhite'pyarthe dvitIyasya hetorudAharaNasya vA nAnarthakyam, tatprayojanasadbhAvAt / na caivamanavasthA, kasyacit kvacinirAkAnantopapatteH 5 pramANAntaravat / kathaM cAsya kRtakatvAdI svArthikakapratyayasya vacanam , yatkRtakaM tada nityamiti vyAptau yattadvacanam , vRttipadaprayogAdeva cArthapratipattau vAkyaprayogaH adhikatvAnigrahasthAnaM na syAt / tathAvidhasyApyasya pratipattivizeSopAyatvAttati cet / kathamanekasya hetorudAharaNasya vA tadupAyabhUtasya vacanaM nigrahAdhikaraNam ? / nirarthakasya .tu vacanaM nirarthakatvAdeva nigrahasthAnaM nAdhikatvAditi 12 / 10 693. zabdArthayoH punarvacanaM punaruktaM nAma nigrahasthAnaM bhavatyanyatrAnuvAdAt / zabdapunaruktaM nAma yatra sa eva zabdaH punaruccAryate / yathA anityaH zabdaH anityaH zabda iti / arthapunaruktaM tu yatra so'rthaH prathamamanyena zabdenoktaH punaH pryaayaantrennocyte| yathA anityaH zabdo vinAzI dhvaniriti / anuvAde tu paunaruktyamadoSo yathA "hetvapadezAt pratijJAyAH punarvacanaM nigamanam" [ nyAyasU0 1.1.39 ] iti / 15 atrArthapunaruktamevAnupapannaM na zabdapunaruktam , arthabhedena zabdasAmye'pyasyAsambhavAt yathA "hasati hasati svAminyucairudatyatiroditi, kRtaparikaraM svedodgAri pradhAvati dhAvati / guNasamuditaM doSApetaM praNindati nindati, dhanalavaparikrItaM yantraM pranRtyati nRtyati // " -[vAdanyAyaH pR0 111] 20 ityAdi / tataH spaSTArthavAcakaistairevAnyairvA zabdaiH sabhyAH pratipAdanIyAH / tadapratipAdaka zabdAnAM tu sakRt punaH punarvAbhidhAnaM nirarthakaM na tu punaruktamiti / yadapi arthAdApatrasya svazabdena punarvacanaM punaruktamuktaM yathA asatsu megheSu vRSTirna bhavatItyukte arthAdApadyate satsu bhavatIti tat kaNThena kathyamAnaM punaruktaM bhavati, arthagatyarthe hi zabdaprayoge pratIte'rthe kiM teneti / etadapi pratipannArthapratipAdakatvena vaiyAnnigrahasthAnaM 25 naanythaa| tathA cedaM nirarthakAna "viziSyateti 13 / / 694. parSadA viditasya vAdinA trirabhihitasyApi yadapratyuccAraNaM tadananubhASaNaM nAma nigrahasthAnaM bhavati, apratyuccArayat(n) kimAzrayaM duussnnmbhiddhtiiti(0ddhiiteti)| atrApi kiM sarvasya vAdinoktasyAnanubhASaNam utai yanAntarIyikA sAdhyasiddhistasyeti / tatrAdyaH pakSo'yuktaH, paroktamazeSamapratyuccArayato'pi dUSaNavacanAvyAghAtAt / yathA sarvama30 nityaM sattvAdityukte-sattvAdityayaM hetuviruddha iti hetumevoccArya viruddhatodbhAvyate-kSaNa 1- vidhAdvA vaakyaa0-taa0|2 hetvantarayuktAt |3-0pgmyte vAdhikAnni0 - 3|4-0cnvR0 - dde| 5 kRtakAnityamiti vRttipadam / 6-.ktaM yatra. - dde0|7-0ruktm0 De / -- .sya sambha. -De / dossopetm-dde0|10vishessye. -dde0|11 uta ytnaantriiyikaa.-taa| uta prayatnAnantarIyikA-De

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nigrahasthAnasya nirUpaNam 1 ] pramANamImAMsA / 71 kSayadyekAnte sarvathArthakriyAvirodhAt saccAnupapatteriti ca samarthyate / tAvatA ca paroktahetordUSaNAtkimanyoccAraNena. 1 / ato yannAntarIyikA sAdhyasiddhistasyaivApratyuccAraNamananubhASaNaM pratipattavyam / athaivaM dUSayitumasamarthaH zAstrArthaparijJAnavizeSavikalatvAt ; tadAyamuttarApratipattereva tiraskriyate na punarananubhASaNAditi 14 / 95. parSadA vijJAtasyApi vAdivAkyArthasya prativAdino yadajJAnaM tadajJAnaM nAma 5 nigrahasthAnaM bhavati / aviditottara viSayo hi kottaraM brUyAt ? / na cAnanubhASaNamevedam, jJAte'pi bastunyanubhASaNAsAmarthyadarzanAt / etadapyasAmpratam, pratijJAhAnyAdinigrahasthAnAnAM bhedAbhAvAnuSaGgAt, tatrApyajJAnasyaiva sambhavAt / teSAM tatprabhedatve vA nigrahasthAnapratiniyamAbhAvaprasaGgaH, paroktasyA'rdhA'jJAnAdibhedena nigrahasthAnAnekatvaprasaGgAt 15 / $ 96. parapakSe gRhIte'pyanubhASite'pi tasminnuttarApratipattirapratibhA nAma nigraha - 10 sthAnaM bhavati / eSApyajJAnAnna bhidyate 16 / $ 97, "kAryavyAsaGgAt kathAvicchedo vitkSepaH " [ nyAyasU0 5.2.19] nAma nigrahasthAnaM bhavati / siSAdhayiSitasyArthasyAzakyasAdhanatAmavasAya kathAM vicchinatti'idaM me karaNIyaM parihIyate, pInasena kaNTha uparuddhaH' ityAdyabhidhAya kathAM vicchindan vikSepeNa parAjIyate / etadapyajJAnato nArthAntaramiti 17 / $ 98. svapakSe parApAditadoSamanuddhRtya tameva parapakSe pratIpamApAdayato matAnujJA nAma nigrahasthAnaM bhavati / cauro bhavAn puruSatvAt prasiddha cauravadityukte - bhavAnapi coraH puruSatvAditi bruvannAtmanaH parApAditaM cauratvadoSamabhyupagatavAn bhavatIti matAnujJayA nigRhyate / idamapyajJAnAnna bhidyate / anaikAntikatA vAtra hetoH; sa hyAtmIyahetorAtmanaivAnaikAntikatAM dRSTvA prAha-bhavatpakSe'pyayaM doSaH samAnastvamapi puruSo'sItyanaikAntikatva - 20 mevodbhAvayatIti 18 / $ 99, nigrahaprAptasyAnigrahaH paryanuyojyopekSaNaM nAma nigrahasthAnaM bhavati / paryanuyojyo nAma nigrahopapattyAvazyaM nodanIyaH 'idaM te nigrahasthAnamupanatamato nigRhIto'si' ityevaM vacanIyastamupekSya na nigRhNAti yaH sa paryanuyojyopekSaNena nigRhyate / etacca "kasya nigrahaH' ityanuyuktayA pariSadodbhAvanIyaM na tvasAvAtmano doSaM vivRNuyAt 'ahaM 25 'nigrAhyastvayopekSitaH' iti / etadapyajJAnAnna bhidyate 19 / 100. " nigrahasthAne nigrahasthAnAnuyogo niranuyojyAnuyogaH" [ nyAyasU0 5. 2. 22 ] nAma nigrahasthAnaM bhavati / upapannavAdinamapramAdinamanigrahArhamapi - nigRhIto'si' iti yo brUyAtsa evAbhUtadoSodbhAvanAnnigRhyate / etadapi nAjJAnAdvayatiricyate 20 / 1 tAvatA paro0 - De0 1 2 bhedamA0 - 0 / 3 -0nato na bhidyate / sva0 mu-pA0 / 4 - 0rA* De0 / 5 puruSo bhavasI0 - De0 / 6-0 sthAnAmiyo0 mu-pA0 / tmIyenaiva 15 30

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AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 2, A0 1, sU0 35. $101 "siddhAntamabhyupetyAniyamAtkathAprasaGgo'pasiddhAntaH" [nyAyasU 5. 2. 23 ] nAma nigrahasthAnaM bhavati / yaH prathamaM kazcit siddhAntamabhyupagamya kathAmupakramate / tatra ca siSAdhayiSitArthasAdhanAya paropAlambhAya vA siddhAntaviruddhamabhidhate so'pasiddhAntena nigRhyate / etadapi prativAdinaH pratipakSasAdhane satyeva nigrahasthAnaM - 5 nAnyatheti 21 / . 102 "hetvAbhAsAzca yathoktAH" [ nyAyasU0 5. 2. 24 ] asiddhaviruddhAdayo nigrahasthAnam / atrApi viruddhahetUdbhAvanena pratipakSasiddhenigrahAdhikaraNatvaM yuktam , asiddhAyudbhAvane tu prativAdinA pratipakSasAdhane kRte tadyuktaM nAnyatheti 22 // 34 // 103. tadevamakSapAdopadiSTaM parAjayAdhikaraNaM parIkSya saugatAgamitaM' tat parIkSyate nopyasAdhanAGgavacanAdoSodbhAvane // 35 // 6104. svapakSasyAsiddhireva parAjayo 'na' 'asAdhanAGgavacanam' 'adoSodbhAvanam ca / yathAha dharmakIrtiH "asAdhanAGgavacanamadoSodAvanaM vyoH| nigrahasthAnamanyattu na yuktamiti nessyte||" -[vAdagyAyaH kA0 1] . 15 6105. atra hi svapakSaM sAdhayan asAdhayan vA vAdiprativAdinoranyataro'sAdha nAGgavacanAdadoSodbhAvanAdvA paraM nigRhNAti 1 / prathamapakSe svapakSasichavAsya parAjayAdanyodbhAvanaM vyartham / dvitIyapakSe asAdhanAGgavacanAdyudbhAvanepiM na kasyacijayaH, pathasiddherubhayorabhAvAt / 106. yaccAsya vyAkhyAnam-sAdhanaM siddhistadaGgaM trirUpaM liGgaM tasyAvacanam20 tUSNImbhAvo yatkizcidbhASaNaM vA, sAdhanasya vA trirUpaliGgasyA samarthanaM vipakSe bAdhakapramANopadarzanarUpaM tasyAvacanaM vAdino nigrahasthAnamiti-tat pazcAvayavaprayogavAdino'pi samAnam / zakyaM hi tenApyevaM vaktuM siddhaGgasya paJcAvayavaprayogasyAvacanAt saugatasya vAdino nigrhH| nanu cAsya tadavacane'pi na nigrahaH, pratijJAnigamanayoH paMkSadharmopasaMhArasAmarthyena gamyamAnatvAt , gamyamAnayozca vacane 25 punaruktatvAnuSaGgAt , tatprayoge'pi hetuprayogamantareNa sAdhyArthAprasiddheH ityapyasat, pakSadharmopasaMhArasyApyevamavacanAnuSaGgAt / atha sAmarthyAdgamyamAnasyApi yat sat tat sarva. kSaNikaM yathA ghaTaH, saMzca zabda iti pakSadharmopasaMhArasya vacanaM hetorapakSadharmatvenA. 1-0 mitaM parI0 - tA0 / 2 nAsAdha0 - taa-muu0| 3 ityAcAryazrIhemacandraviracitAyAM pramASA: mAMsAyAM dvitIyasyAdhyAyasya kiyanti sUtrANi // zrIvAmAtanayAya namaH // zubhaM bhavatu lekhakapAThakAya 'sadA ||ch|-sN-muu| 4-0pi ksy-taa0| 5-0pi nigraa-dde| 6.pakSadharmopakSadharmopasaM0-De pkssdhrmaapekssdhrmaapsN-mu0| 7 hetunA prayo0- taa0| 8..pyevaM vaca0 - dde| vacanahe. -dde| 10-0kSadharmatve tvasi0 - De / . .

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nimahasthAnasya nirUpaNam / ] pramANamImAMsA / siddhatvavyavacchedArtham / tarhi sAdhyAdhArasandehApanodArtha gamyamAnAyA api pratijJAyAH, pratijJAhetUdAharaNopanayAnAmekArthatvapradarzanArtha nigamanasya vacanaM kiM na syAt ? / nahi pratijJAdInAmekArthatvopadarzanamantareNa saGgatatvaM ghaTate, bhinnaviSayapratijJAdivat / nanu pratijJAtaH sAdhyasiddhau hetvAdivacanamanarthakameva syAt, anyathA nAsyAH sAdhanAGgateti cet, tarhi bhavato'pi hetutaH sAdhyasiddhau dRSTAnto'narthakaH 5 syAt , anyathA nAsya sAdhanAGgateti samAnam / nanu sAdhyasAdhanayoAptipradarzanArthatvAt nAnarthako dRSTAntaH, tatra tadapradarzane hetoragamakatvAt ; ityapyayuktam , sarvAnityatvasAdhane sattvAderdRSTAntAsambhavato'gamakatvAnuSaGgAt / vipakSavyAvRttyA sattvAdergamakatve vA sarvatrApi hetau tathaiva gamakatvaprasaGgAt dRSTAnto'narthaka eva syAt / vipakSavyAvRttyA ca hetuM samarthayan kathaM pratijJA pratikSipet / tasyAzcAnabhidhAne ka hetuH sAdhyaM vA 10 vartate ? / gamyamAne pratijJAviSaya eveti cet / tarhi gamyamAnasyaiva hetorapi samarthanaM syAnna tUktasya / atha gamyamAnasyApi hetormandamatipratipattyarthaM vacanam / tathA pratijJAvacane ko'paritoSaH / 6107. yaccedamasAdhanAGgamityasya vyAkhyAnAntaram-sAdharmyaNa hetorvacane vaidharmyavacanam , vaidhayeNa ca prayoge sAdharmyavacanaM gamyamAnatvAt punaruktamato na sAdhanAGgam ; 15 ityapyasAmpratam , yataH samyaksAdhanasAmarthyena svapakSaM sAdhayato vAdino nigrahaH syAt , asAdhayato vA ? / prathamapakSe na sAdhyasidhApratibandhivacanAdhikyopAlambhamAtreNAsya nigrahaH, avirodhAt / nanvevaM nATakAdighoSaNato'pyasya nigraho na syAta; satyametat , svasAdhyaM prasAdhya nRtyato'pi doSAbhAvAllokavat , anyathA tAmbUlabhakSaNabhrUkSepa-khAdkRta-hastAsphAlanAdibhyo'pi satyasAdhanavAdino'pi nigrahaH syAt / atha 20 svapakSamaprasAdhayato'sya tato nigrahaH, nanvatrApi kiM prativAdinA svapakSe sAdhite vAdino vacanAdhikyopAlambho nigraho lakSyeta, asAdhite vA ? | prathamapakSe svapakSasidhyaivAsya nigrahAdvacanAdhikyoddhAvanamanarthakam , tasmin satyapi pakSasiddhimantareNa jayAyogAt / dvitIyapakSe tu yugapadvAdiprativAdinoH parAjayaprasaGgo jayaprasaGgo vA syAt , svapakSasiddherabhAvAvizeSAt / 25 6108. nanu na svapakSasidhyasiddhinibandhanau jayaparAjayau, tayorjJAnAjJAnanibandhanatvAt / sAdhanavAdinA hi sAdhusAdhanaM jJAtvA vaktavyam , dUSaNavAdinA ca duussnnm| tatra saudharmyavacanAdvaidharmyavacanAdvA'rthasya.pratipattau tadubhayavacane vAdinaH prativAdinA sabhAyAmasAdhanAGgavacanasyodbhAvanAt sAdhusAdhanAjJAnasiddheH parAjayaH / prativAdinastu taddaSaNajJAnanirNayAjayaH syAt ; ityapyavicAritaramaNIyam , yataH sa prativAdI satsAdhana- 30 vAdinaH sAdhanAbhAsaMvAdino vA vacanAdhikyadoSamudbhAvayet ? / tatrAdyapakSe vAdinaH kathaM sAdhusAdhanAjJAnam , tadvacaneyattAjJAnasyaivAbhAvAt / dvitIyapakSe tu na prativAdino dUSaNajJAnamavatiSThate sAdhanAbhAsasyAnudbhAvanAt / tadvacanAdhikyadoSasya jJAnAt dUSaNajJo1-0kArthapratiprada0 - mu / kArthapratijJAprada0 - dde0|2 sAdharmyavacanAdvArthasya - dde0|3-0tdv0 -dde|

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74 AcAryazrIhemacandraviracitA [a0 2, A0 1, sU. 35. 'sAviti cet ; sAdhanAbhAsAjJAnAdadUSaNajJo'pIti naikAntato vAdinaM jayet , tadadoSodbhAvanalakSaNasya parAjayasyApi nivArayitumazakteH / atha vacanAdhikyadoSodbhAvanAdeva prativAdino jayasiddhau sAdhanAbhAsodbhAvanamanarthakam / nanvevaM sAdhanAbhAsAnudbhAvanA ttasya parAjayasiddhau vacanAdhikyodbhAvanaM kathaM jayAya prakalpeta ? / atha vacanAdhikyaM 5 sAdhanAbhAsaM vodbhAvayataH prativAdino jayaH; kathamevaM sAdharmyavacane vaidharmyavacanaM vaidharmyavacane vA sAdharmyavacanaM parAjayAya prabhavet / kathaM caivaM vAdiprativAdinoH pakSapratipakSaparigrahavaiyayaM na syAt , kvacidekatrApi pakSe sAdhanasAmarthyajJAnAjJAnayoH sambhavAt ? na khalu zabdAdau nityatvasyAnityatvasya vA parIkSAyAmekasya sAdhanasAmarthya jJAnamanyasya cAjJAnaM jayasya parAjayasya vA nibandhanaM na bhavati / yugapatsAdhanAsAmarthya jJAne ca 10 vAdiprativAdinoH kasya jayaH parAjayo vA syAdavizeSAt / na kasyaciditi cet ; tarhi sAdhanavAdino vacanAdhikyakAriNaH sAdhanasAmarthyAjJAnasiddheH prativAdinazca vacanAdhikyadoSodbhAvanAttadoSamAtrajJAnasiddherna kasyacijayaH parAjayo vA syAt / nahi yo yaddoSaM vetti sa tadguNamapi, kutazcinmAraNazaktI vedane'pi viSadravyasya kuSThApanayana zaktau saMvedanAnudayAt / tanna tatsAmarthyajJAnAjJAnanibandhanau jayaparAjayo vyavasthApa15 yituM zakyau, yathoktadoSAnuSaGgAt / svapakSasiddhayasiddhinibandhanau tu tau niravadyau pakSa pratipakSaparigrahavaiyarthyAbhAvAt / kasyacit kutazcit svapakSasiddhau sunizcitAyAM parasya tatsiddhayabhAvataH sakRJjayaparAjayaprasaGgAt / 6109. yaccedamadoSodbhAvanamityasya vyAkhyAnam-prasajyapratiSedhe doSodbhAvanAbhAvamAtram-adoSodbhAvanam , paryudAse tu doSAbhAsAnAmanyadoSANAM codbhAvanaM prativAdino nigraha20 sthAnamiti-tat vAdinA'doSavati sAdhane prayukte satyanumatameva yadi vAdI svapakSaM sAdha yennAnyathA / vacanAdhikyaM tu doSaH prAgeva prativihitaH / yathaiva hi paJcAvayavaprayoge vacanAdhikyaM nigrahasthAnaM tathA vyavayavaprayoge nyUnatApi syAdvizeSAbhAvAt / pratijJAdIni hi pazcApyanumAnAGgam-"pratijJAhetUdAharaNopanayanigamanAnyavayavAH" nyAya sU0 1.1.32] ityabhidhAnAt / teSAM madhye'nyatamasyApyanabhidhAne nyUnatAkhyo doSo25 'nuSajyata eva "hInamanyatamenApi nyUnam" [nyAyasU0 5.2.12] iti vacanAt / tato jayetaravyavasthAyAM nAnyanimittamuktAnimittAdityalaM prasaGgena // 35 // 6110. ayaM ca prAguktazcaturaGgo vAdaH kadAcitpatrAlambanamapyapekSate'tastallakSaNamatrAvazyAbhidhAtavyaM yato nAvijJAtasvarUpasyAsyAvalambanaM jayAya prabhavati na cAvijJAtasvarUpaM parapatraM bhettuM zakyamityahi 1 naikAntato jayet - De0 / 2 -0bhAsaM codbhA0 - De / 3 jayati katham - De0 / 1-0sya nib.-taa| 5-0mAtre jJA0 -taa0|6 vissydr-taa0| 7- siddho nizci0-De018-0kyaM yathA ni0-dde| 8-0mAnaM pra0-De 0 / 10 ||ch|| zrIH // cha ||mngglm // mahAzrIH // cha // zrI // - tA0 / -mityaahH| ityAcAryazrI 5 zrIhemacandraviracitAyAH pramANamImAMsAyAstavRttezca dvitIyasyAdhyAyasya prathamAhika samAptam ||shrii|| saMvat 1707 varSe mArgazIrSamAse kRSNatRtIyAyAM puNyatithau ravivAsare zrIaNahillapurapattanamadhye pustakaM likhitamidaM ||ch / zubhaM bhavatu ||shriiklyaannmstu // 9 // zrI // 9 // cha // cha ||2||-dd'e|

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pramANamImAMsAyAH // bhaassaattippnnaani||

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pramANamImAMsAyAH // bhA pA Ti ppa NA ni // ---c onscortor --- 10 haimI pramANamImAMsA vizayate'tha ttippnnaiH| aitihma-tulanAspRgbhI rASTrabhASopajIvibhiH // pR0 1. paM0 2. 'tAyine'-tulanA-"praNamya zAstre sugatAya tAyine"-pramANasa0 1. 1. "vAyinAmiti svAdhigatamArgadezakAnAm / yaduktam-'tAyaH svadRSTamArgoktiH' (pramANavA0 2. 145.) iti tat vidyate yeSAmiti / athavA tAya: saMtAnArthaH |"-bodhicryaa. pa0 pR0 75 pR0 1.50 6. 'pANini-pANini kA sUtrAtmaka aSTAdhyAyI zabdAnuzAsana prasiddha hai| piGgala kA chandaHzAstra prasiddha hai| kaNAda aura akSapAda krama se dazAbhyAyo vaizeSika- . sUtra aura pazcAbhyAyI nyAyasUtra ke praNetA haiN| pR0 1. paM0 6. 'vAcakamulya'-umAsvAti aura unake tattvArthasUtra ke bAre meM dekho merA likhA gujarAtI tattvArthavivecana kA paricaya / pR0 1.50 11. 'akalaGka-prakalaGka ye prasiddha digambarAcArya haiN| inake pramANasaMgraha, nyAyavinizcaya, siddhivinizcaya, laghIyatrayI Adi jainanyAyaviSayaka aneka prakaraNa prantha haiN| inakA samaya IsavIya aSTama zatAbdI hai| . pR0 1. paM0 11. 'dharmakIrti'-dharmakIrti ( I0 sa0 625 ) bauddha tArkika haiN| inake pramANaMvArtika, hetubindu, nyAyabindu, vAdanyAya Adi prakaraNagrantha haiN| - pR0 1. paM0 12. 'nAsya svecchA'-tulanA-"vacanaM rAjakIyaM vA vaidikaM vApi vidyate / " zlokavA. sU0 4. zlo* 235 / pR0 1.50 14. 'varNasamUhA'-tulanA-"zAstra punaH pramANAdivAcakapadasamUho vyUhaviziSTaH, padaM punarvarNasamUhaH, padasamUhaH sUtram , sUtrasamUhaH prakaraNam, prakaraNasamUha prAtikam, mAhikasamUho'nyAyaH, paJcAdhyAyI zAstram |"-nyaayvaa0 pR0 1 ... ' pR0 1.50 17. 'atha pramANa-bhAratIya zAstra-racanA meM yaha praNAlI bahuta pahile se calI AtI hai-ki sUtraracanA meM pahilA sUtra aisA banAyA jAya jisase anya kA 15 20

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [ pR0 1. paM018viSaya sUcita ho aura jisameM grantha kA nAmakaraNa bhI A jAya / jaise pAtaJjala yogazAstra kA prathama sUtra hai 'atha yogAnuzAsanam', jaise akalaMka ne 'pramANa saMgraha' prantha ke prArambha meM 'pramANe iti saMgraha:' diyA hai, jaise vidyAnanda ne 'atha pramANaparIkSA' isa vAkya se hI 'pramANaparIkSA' kA prArambha kiyA hai / A0 hemacandra ne usI praNAlI kA anusaraNa 5 karake yaha sUtra racA hai 1 'tha' zabda se zAstraprArambha karane kI paramparA prAcIna aura vividha viSayaka zAstragAminI hai / jaise "prathAtA darzapUrNamAsI vyAkhyAsyAmaH" ( Apa0 au0 sU0 1. 1. 1. ), "atha zabdAnuzAsanam" (pAta0 mahA0 ), 'athAto dharmajijJAsA' (jaimi0 sU0 1. 1. 1 ) ityAdi / A0 hemacandra ne apane kAvyAnuzAsana, chandonuzAsana kI taraha isa grantha meM bhI vahI 10 paramparA rakkhI hai / pR0 1. paM0 18. 'atha - ityasya' - atha zabda kA 'adhikAra' artha prAcIna samaya se hI prasiddha hai aura use prasiddha AcAryoM ne liyA bhI hai jaisA ki hama vyAkaraNabhASya ke prArambha meM "athetyayaM zabdo'dhikArArthaH " ( 1. 1. 1. 10 6 ) tathA yogasUtrabhASya meM ( 1. 1. ) pAte haiN| isake sivAya usakA 'Anantarya' artha bhI prasiddha hai jaisA ki zabara ne apane 15 mImAMsAbhASya meM liyA hai / zaGkarAcArya' ne 'Ananvarya' artha to liyA para 'adhikAra' artha ko asaGgata samajhakara svIkRta nahIM kiyA / zaGkarAcArya ko atha zabda kA 'maGgala' artha lenA iSTa thA, para eka sAtha sIdhe taura se do artha lenA zAstrIya yukti ke viruddha hone se unhoMne AnantaryArthaka 'atha' zabda ke zravaNa ko hI maGgala mAnakara 'maGgala' artha liye binA hI, 'maGgala' kA prayojana siddha kiyA hai| yogabhASya ke aura zAGkarabhASya ke prasiddha 20 TIkAkAra vAcaspatire ne tatvavaizAradI aura bhAmatI meM zaGkarokta 'atha' zabdazruti kI maGgalaprayojanatA - mRdaGga, zaGkha Adi dhvani ke mAMgalika zravaNa kI upamA ke dvArA puSTa kI hai aura sAtha hI jalAdi anya prayojana ke vAste lAye jAnevAle pUrNa jalakumbha ke mAMgalika darzana kI upamA dekara eka artha meM prayukta 'atha' zabda kA arthAntara binA kiye hI usake zravaNa kI mAGgalikatA darasAI hai / 1 " tatra loke'yamathazabdA vRttAdanantarasya prakriyArtho dRSTaH " - zAbarabhA0 1.1.1. 2 "tatrAthazabdaH zrAnantaryArthaH parigRhyate nAdhikArArthaH, brahmajijJAsAyA anadhikAryatvAt, maGgalasya ca vAkyArthe samanvayAbhAvAt / arthAntaraprayukta eva hyathazabdaH zrutyA maGgalaprayojano bhavati" -- bra0 zAGkarabhA0 1.1.1. 3 " adhikArArthasya cAthazabdasyAnyArtha nIyamAnodakumbhadarzanamiva zravaNaM maGgalAyopakalpata iti mantavyam" - tattvavai0 0 1. 1. " na ceha maGgalamathazabdasya vAcyaM vA lakSyaM vA, kintu mRdaGgazaGkhadhvanivadathazabdazravaNamAtrakAryam / tathA ca 'kArazcAthazabdazca dvAvetau brahmaNaH purA / karADhaM bhittvA viniryAtau tasmAnmAGgalikAvubhau // " arthAntareSvAnantaryAdiSu prayukto'thazabdaH zrutyA zravaNamAtreNa veNuvINAdhvanivanmaMgalaM kurvan, maGgalaprayojanA bhavati zranyArthamAnIyamAnodakumbhadarzanavat" - bhAmatI 1.1.1. "

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pR0 2. paM0 6.1 __ bhASATippaNAni / prA. hemacandra ne uparyukta sabhI paramparAoM kA upayoga karake apano vyAkhyA meM 'pratha' zabda ko adhikArArthaka, AnantaryArthaka aura maMgalaprayojanavAlA batalAyA hai| unakI upamA bhI zabdazaH vahI hai jo vAcaspati ke ukta granthoM meM hai| 'pR0 2. paM0 3. 'AyuSma'-tulanA- "maGgalAdIni hi zAstrANi prathante vIrapuruSANi ca / bhavanti, prAyuSmatpuruSANi cAdhyetArazca siddhArthA yathA syuriti"-pAta. mahA0 1. 1. 1.... / pR0 2. paM0 4. 'parameSThi'-jaina paramparA meM arhata, siddha, prAcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu aise prAsmA ke pAMca vibhAga lokottara vikAsa ke anusAra kiye gaye haiM, jo paMcaparameSThI kahalAte haiN| inakA namaskAra parama maMgala samajhA jAtA hai "eSa pazcanamaskAraH srvpaapkssyngkrH| / maGgalAnAM ca sarveSAM prathamaM bhavati maGgalam // " - pR0 2. paM0 5. 'prakarSeNaM-vAtsyAyana ne apane nyAyabhASya meM ( 1. 1. 3.) 'pramANa zabda ko karaNArthaka mAnakara usakI nirukti ke dvArA 'pramANa' kA lakSaNa sUcita kiyA hai| vAcaspati mizra ne bhI sAMkhyakArikA kI (tattvakau0 kA. 4) apanI vyAkhyA meM 'pramANa' kA lakSaNa karane meM usI nirvacanapaddhati kA avalambana kiyA hai| prA0 hemacandra bhI 'pramANa' zabda kI usI taraha nirukti karate haiN| aisI hI nirukti zabdaza: 'parIkSAmukha' ko vyAkhyA 15 prameyaratnamAlA ( 1. 1.) meM dekhI jAtI hai| pR0 2. paM0 6. 'trayI hiM-upalabhya granthoM meM saba se pahile vAtsyAyanabhASya' meM hI zAstrapravRtti ke traividhya kI carcA hai aura tInoM vidhAoM kA svarUpa bhI batalAyA hai| zrIdhara ne apanI 'kaMdalo'2 meM usa prAcIna vaividhya ke kathana kA prativAda karake zAstrapravRtti ko uddezalakSaNarUpa se dvividha sthApita kiyA hai aura parIkSA ko aniyata kahakara use traividhya meM se 20 kama kiyA hai| zrIdhara ne niyatarUpa se dvividha zAstrapravRtti kA aura vAtsyAyana ne trividha zAstrapravRtti kA kathana kiyA isakA sababa spaSTa hai| zrIdhara kaNAdasUtrIya prazastapAdabhASya 1"trividhA cAsya zAstrasya pravRttiH-uddezo lakSaNaM parIkSA ceti| tatra nAmadheyena padArthamAtrasyAbhidhAnaM uddeshH| tatroddiSTasya tattvavyavacchedako dho lakSaNam / lakSitasya yathAlakSaNamupapadyate na veti pramANairavadhAraNa parIkSA"-nyAyabhA0 1.1.2. .2 "anuddiSTeSu padArtheSu na teSAM lakSaNAni pravartante nirviSayatvAt / alakSiteSu ca tattvapratItyabhAvaH kAraNAbhAvAt / ataH padArthavyutpAdanAya pravRttasya zAstrasyobhayathA pravRttiH-uddazo lakSaNa ca, parIkSAyAstu na niymH| yatrAbhihite lakSaNe pravAdAntaravyAkSepAt tatvanizcayo na bhavati tatra parapakSavyudAsArtha parIkSAvidhiradhikriyate / yatra tu lakSaNAbhidhAnasAmarthyAdeva tattvanizcayaH syAt tatrAyaM vyarthI nArthyate / yo'pi hi trividhAM zAstrasya pravRttimicchati tasyApi prayojanAdInAM nAsti priikssaa| tat kasya hetorlakSaNamAtrAdeva te pratIyante iti / evaM cedarthapratItyanurodhAt zAstrasya pravRttirna tridhaiva / nAmadheyena padArthAnAmabhidhAnamuddezaH / uddiSTasya svaparajAtIyavyAvartako dharmo lakSaNam / lakSitasya yathAlakSaNa vicAraH parIkSA"kandalI pU0 26.

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 2. 50/ ke vyAkhyAkAra haiN| vaha bhASya tathA usake AdhArabhUta sUtra, padArtho ke uddeza evaM lakSaNAtmaka haiM, unameM parIkSA kA kahIM bhI sthAna nahIM hai jaba ki vAtsyAyana ke vyAkhyeya mUla nyAyasUtra hI svayaM uddeza, lakSaNa aura parIkSAkrama se pravRtta haiN| trividha pravRttivAle zAstroM meM tarkapradhAna khaNDana-maNDana praNAlI avazya hotI hai-jaise nyAyasUtra usake bhASya 5 Adi meN| dvividha pravRttivAle zAstroM meM buddhipradhAna sthApanapraNAlI mukhyatayA hotI hai jaise kaNAdasUtra, prazastapAdabhASya, tattvArthasUtra, usakA bhASya aadi| kucha grantha aise bhI haiM jo kevala uddezamAtra haiM jaise jainAgama sthAnAMga, dharmasaMgraha Adi / zraddhApradhAna hone se unheM mAtra dhAraNAyogya samajhanA caahie| mA0 hemacandra ne vAtsyAyana kA ho padAnugamana karIba-karIba unhIM ke zabdoM meM 10 kiyA hai| zAstrapravRtti ke caturtha prakAra vibhAga kA prazna uThAkara anta meM udyotakara ne nyAyavArtika meM aura jayanta ne nyAyamanjarI meM vibhAga kA samAveza uddeza meM hI kiyA hai| aura trividha pravRtti kA hI pakSa sthira kiyA hai| prA. hemacandra ne bhI vibhAga ke bAre meM vahI prazna uThAyA hai aura samAdhAna bhI vahI kiyA hai| 15 pR0 2. paM0 1. 'uddiSTasya''lakSaNa' kA lakSaNa karate samaya prA. hemacandra ne 'asA dhAraNadharma' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| usakA spaSTIkaraNa navyanyAyapradhAna tarkasaMgraha . ... kI TokA dIpikA meM isa prakAra hai __ " etadUSaNatraya( avyAptyativyAptyasaMbhava )rahito dharmo lakSaNam / yathA * goH saasnaadimttvm| sa evA'sAdhAraNadharma ityucyte| lakSyatAvacchedakasamaniyatatvamasA20 dhAraNatvam "-pR012 / __pR0 2. paM0 12. 'pUjitavicAra'-vAcaspati 2 mizra ne 'momAMsA' zabda ko pUjitavicAravAcaka kahakara vicAra kI pUjitatA spaSTa karane ko bhAmatI meM likhA hai ki jisa vicAra kA phala parama puruSArtha kA kAraNabhUta sUkSmatama arthanirNaya ho vahI vicAra pUjita hai| prA0 hemacandra ne vAcaspati ke usI bhAva ko vistRta zabdoM meM pallavita karake apanI 'mImAMsA' 25 zabda kI vyAkhyA meM utArA hai, aura usake dvArA 'pramANamImAMsA' anya ke samapra mukhya pratipAdya viSaya ko sUcita kiyA hai, aura yaha bhI kahA hai ki-'pramANamImAMsA' prantha kA uddezya kevala pramANoM kI carcA karanA nahIM hai kintu pramANa, naya aura sopAya bandha-mokSa ityAdi paramapuruSArthopayogI viSayoM kI bhI carcA karanA hai| 1 "trividhA cAsya zAstrasya pravRttirityuktam, uddiSTavibhAgazca na trividhAyAM zAstrapravRttApantarbhavatIti / tasmAduddiSTavibhAgo yuktaH, na; uddiSTavibhAgasyAhaza evAntarbhAvAt / kasmAt ? | lakSaNasAmAnyAt / samAnaM lakSaNaM nAmadheyena padAthAbhidhAnamuddaza iti |"-nyaayvaa01.1.3. nyAyama0 pR. / 2"pUjitavicAravacano mImAMsAzabdaH / paramapuruSArtha hetubhUtasUkSmatamA mirzayaphalatA ca vicArasya pUjitatA"-bhAmatI0pU027.

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pR. 2. paM0 20.] . bhASATippaNAni / pR. 250 20. samyagartha'-pramANasAmAnyalakSaNa kI tArkika paramparA ke upalabdha itihAsa meM kaNAda kA sthAna prathama hai| unhoMne "praduSTaM vidyA" (6. 2. 12) kahakara pramANasAmAnya kA lakSaNa kAraNazuddhimUlaka sUcita kiyA hai| akSapAda ke sUtroM meM lakSaNakrama meM pramANasAmAnyalakSaNa ke abhAva kI truTi ko vAtsyAyana ne 'pramANa' zabda ke nirvacana dvArA pUrA kiyaa| usa nirvacana meM unhoMne kaNAda kI taraha kAraNazuddhi kI / tarapha dhyAna nahIM rakkhA para mAtra upalabdhirUpa phala kI ora naz2ara rakhakara "upalabdhihetutva" ko pramANasAmAnya kA lakSaNa batalAyA hai / vAtsyAyana ke isa nirvacanamUlaka lakSaNa meM AnevAle doSoM kA parihAra karate hue vAcaspati mizrara ne 'artha' pada kA sambandha jor3akara aura 'upalabdhi' pada ko jJAnasAmAnyabodhaka nahIM para pramANarUpajJAnavizeSabodhaka mAnakara pramANasAmAnya ke lakSaNa ko paripUrNa banAyA, jise udayanAcArya ne kusumAJjali meM 'gautama- 10 nayasammata' kahakara apanI bhASA meM paripUrNa rUpa se mAnya rakkhA jo pichale sabhI nyAya. vaizeSika zAstroM meM samAnarUpa se mAnya hai| isa nyAya-vaizeSika kI paramparA ke anusAra pramANasAmAnyalakSaNa meM mukhyatayA tIna bAteM dhyAna dene yogya haiM 1-kAraNadoSa ke nivAraNa dvArA kAraNazuddhi kI sUcanA / 2-viSayabodhaka artha pada kA lakSaNa meM praveza / 3-lakSaNa meM sva-paraprakAzatva kI carcA kA abhAva tathA viSaya kI apUrvatA-anadhigatatA ke nirdeza kA abhAva / yadyapi prabhAkara4 aura unake anugAmI mImAMsaka vidvAnoM ne 'anubhUti' mAtra ko hI pramANarUpa se nirdiSTa kiyA hai tathApi kumArila evaM unakI paramparAvAle anya mImAMsakoM ne nyAya-vaizeSika tathA bauddha donoM paramparAoM kA saMgrAhaka aisA pramANa kA lakSaNa racA hai; 20 jisameM 'aduSTakAraNArabdha' vizeSaNa se kaNAdakathita kAraNadoSa kA nivAraNa sUcita kiyA aura 'nirvAdhatva' tathA 'apUrvArthatva' vizeSaNa ke dvArA bauddha paramparA kA bhI samAveza kiyaa| . 15 ..1 "upalabdhisAdhanAni pramANAni iti samAkhyAnirvacanasAmarthyAt boddhavyaM pramIyate anena iti karaNArthAbhidhAno hi pramANazabdaH"-nyAyabhA0 1. 1. 3. 2 "upalabdhimAtrasya arthAvyabhicAriNaH smRteranyasya pramAzabdena abhidhAnAt"-tAtparya0 pR021. - 3 "yathArthAnubhavo mAnamanapekSatayeSyate // mitiH samyak paricchittiH tadvattA ca prmaatRtaa| tadayogavyavacchedaH prAmANyaM gautame mate ||"-nyaayku04.1,5. 4 "anubhUtizca naH pramANam"-bRhatI 1.1.5. 5 "autpattikagirA doSaH kAraNasya nivAryate / abAdho'vyatirekeNa svatastena pramANatA // sarvasyAnupalabdhe'rthe prAmANyaM smRtiranyathA ||''-shlokvaa0 autpa0 zlo0 10, 11. "etacca vizeSaNatrayamupAdadAnena sUtrakAreNa kAraNadoSabAdhakajJAnarahitam agRhItagrAhi jJAnaM pramANam iti pramANalakSaNa suucitm| -zAnadI0 pR0 123. "anadhigatArthagantR pramANam iti bhaTTamImAMsakA bAhuH"-si.candro0 pR0 20. 6 "ajJAtArthajJApakaM pramANam iti pramANasAmAnyalakSaNam |"-prmaanns0 TI0 pU011. ..

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pramANamImAMsAyAH . [pR0 2. paM0 20"tatrApUrvArthavijJAnaM nizcitaM bAdhavarjitam / .. aduSTakAraNArabdhaM pramANaM lokasammatam // " yaha zloka kumArilakattaka mAnA jAtA hai| isameM do bAteM khAsa dhyAna dene kI haiM. 1-lakSaNa meM anadhigatabodhaka 'apUrva' pada kA arthavizeSaNa rUpa se praveza / 5.2-sva-paraprakAzatva kI sUcanA kA abhAva / bauddha paramparA meM diGnAga ne pramANasAmAnya ke lakSaNa meM 'svasaMvitti' pada kA phala ke vizeSaNarUpa se niveza kiyA hai| dharmakIrtira ke pramANavArttikavAle lakSaNa meM vAtsyAyana ke 'pravRttisAmarthya kA sUcaka tathA kumArila Adi ke nirbAdhatva kA paryAya 'avisaMvAditvA vizeSaNaM dekhA jAtA hai aura unake nyAyabinduvAle lakSaNa meM diGnAga ke arthasArUpya kA 10 hI nirdeza hai ( nyAyabi0 1. 20.) / zAntarakSita ke lakSaNa meM diGnAga aura dharmakIrti donoM ke prAzaya kA saMgraha dekhA jAtA hai "viSayAdhigatizcAtra pramANaphalamiSyate / svavittiA pramANaM tu sArUpyaM yogyatApi vA ||"-tttvsN 0 kA0 1344. isameM bhI do bAteM khAsa dhyAna dene kI haiM15 1-abhI taka anya paramparAoM meM sthAna nahIM prApta 'svasaMvedana vicAra kA praveza aura tadvArA jJAnasAmAnya meM sva-paraprakAzatva kI sUcanA / _ prasaGga aura vasubandhu ne vijJAnavAda sthApita kiyaa| para diGa nAga ne usakA samarthana bar3e z2oroM se kiyaa| usa vijJAnavAda kI sthApanA aura samarthanapaddhati meM hI svasaMviditatva yA svaprakAzatva kA siddhAnta sphuTatara huA jisakA eka yA dUsare rUpa meM anya dArzanikoM para 20 bhI prabhAva par3A-dekho Buddhist Logic vol. I. P. 12. 2-mImAMsaka kI taraha spaSTa rUpa se 'anadhigatArthaka jJAna' kA hI prAmANya / zvetAmbara digambara donoM jaina paramparAoM ke prathama tArkika siddhasena aura samantabhadra ne apane apane lakSaNa meM sva-paraprakAzArthaka 'sva-parAvabhAsaka' vizeSaNa kA samAna rUpa se niveza kiyA hai| siddhasena ke lakSaNa meM 'bAdhavivarjita' pada usI artha meM hai jisa artha meM mImAMsaka 25 kA 'bAdhavarjita' yA dharmakIrti kA 'avisaMvAdi' pada hai| jaina nyAya ke prasthApaka akalaMka 1 "svasaMvittiH phalaM cAtra tdpaadrthnishcyH| viSayAkAra evAsya pramANaM tena mIyate ||"prmaanns01.10. 2 "pramANamavisaMvAdi jnyaanmrthkriyaasthiti:| avisaMvAdanaM zAbdepyabhiprAyanivedanAt ||-prmaa- / gavA02.1. " 3"pramANaM svaparAbhAsi zAna bAdhavivarjitam |"-nyaayaa0 1. "tattvajJAnaM pramANaM te yugapatsarvabhAsa. nam |"-praaptmii0 101. "svaparAvabhAsakaM yathA pramANaM bhuvi buddhilakSaNam"-vR0 svayaM0 63. . 4 "pramANamavisaMvAdi jJAnam , anadhigatArthAdhigamalakSaNatvAt |"-assttsh0 aSTasa0 pR0 175. taduktam-"siddhaM yatna parApekSyaM siddhau svprruupyoH| tat pramANaM tato nAnyadavikalpamacetanam / " nyAyavi0 TI0li0pU030. ukta kArikA siddhivinizcaya kI hai jo akalaMka kI hI kRti hai|

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pR0 2.10.20] bhASATippaNAni / ne kahIM 'anadhigatArthaka' aura 'avisaMvAdi' donoM vizeSaNoM kA praveza kiyA aura kahIM svaparAvabhAsaka' vizeSaNa kA bhI samarthana kiyA hai| akalaMka ke anugAmI mANikyanandI? ne eka hI vAkya meM 'sva' tathA 'apUrvArtha' pada dAkhila karake siddhasena-samantabhadra kI sthApita aura prakalaMka ke dvArA vikasita jaina paramparA kA saMgraha kara diyaa| vidyAnanda ne akalaMka tathA mANikyanandI kI usa paraMparA se alaga hokara kevala siddhasena aura samantabhadra kI vyAkhyA / ko apane svArthavyavasAyAtmaka' jaise zabda meM saMgRhIta kiyA aura 'anadhigata' yA 'apUrva pada jo akalaMka aura mANikyanandI kI vyAkhyA meM haiM, unheM chor3a diyaa| vidyAnanda kA 'vyavasAyAtmaka' pada jaina paramparA ke pramANalakSaNa meM prathama hI dekhA jAtA hai para vaha akSapAda ke pratyakSalakSaNa meM to pahile hI se prasiddha rahA hai| sanmati ke TokAkAra abhayadeva ne vidyAnanda kA hI anusaraNa kiyA para 'vyavasAya ke sthAna meM 'nirNIti' pada rakkhA / vAdI5 10 devasUri ne to vidyAnaMda ke hI zabdoM ko doharAyA hai| prA0 hemacandra ne uparyukta jaina-jainetara bhinna bhinna paraMparAoM kA aucitya-anaucitya vicAra kara apane lakSaNa meM kevala 'samyak', 'artha' aura 'nirNaya' ye tIna pada rkkhe| uparyukta jaina paramparAoM ko dekhate hue yaha kahanA par3atA hai ki bhA0 hemacandra ne apane lakSaNa meM kATa-chA~Ta ke dvArA saMzodhana kiyA hai| unhoMne 'sva' pada jo pUrvavartI sabhI jainAcAryoM ne lakSaNa meM sanniviSTa kiyA thA, nikAla diyaa| 15 'avabhAsa', 'vyavasAya' prAdi padoM ko sthAna na dekara abhayadeva ke 'nirNIti' pada ke sthAna meM - 'nirNaya' pada dAkhila kiyA aura umAsvAti, dharmakIrti tathA bhAsarvajJa ke samyaka pada ko apanAkara apanA 'samyagarthanirNaya' lakSaNa nirmita kiyA hai| Arthika tAtparya meM koI khAsa matabheda na hone para bhI sabhI digambara-zvetAmbara AcAryoM ke pramANalakSaNa meM zAbdika bheda hai, jo kisI aMza meM vicAravikAsa kA sUcaka 20 aura kiso aMza meM tatkAlIna bhinna bhinna sAhitya ke abhyAsa kA pariNAma hai| yaha bheda saMkSepa meM cAra vibhAgoM meM samA jAtA hai| pahile vibhAga meM 'sva-parAvabhAsa' zabdavAlA siddhasena-samantabhadra kA lakSaNa AtA hai jo saMbhavata: bauddha vijJAnavAda ke sva-parasaMvedana kI vicArachAyA se khAlI nahIM hai; kyoMki isake pahile Agama granthoM meM yaha vicAra nahIM dekhA jaataa| dUsare vibhAga meM prakalaMka-mANikyanandI kA lakSaNa AtA hai jisameM 'avisaMvAdi', 'anadhigata' 25 aura 'apUrva' zabda Ate haiM jo asaMdigdha rUpa se bauddha aura mImAMsaka pranthoM ke hI haiN| tIsare 1 "svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmakaM jJAnaM pramANam |"-prii0 1.1 2 tatsvArthavyavasAyAtmajJAnaM maanmitiiytaa| lakSaNena gatArthatvAt vyarthamanyadvizeSaNam ||"-tttvaarth zlo0 1. 10.77 3 "indriyArthasannikarSotpannaM jJAnamavyapadezyamavyabhicAri vyavasAyAtmakaM pratyakSam |"-nyaay sU0 1.1.4. 4 "pramANaM svArthanirNItisvabhAvaM jJAnam |"-snmtittii0. pR0 518. 5 "svaparavyavasAthi jJAnaM pramANam |"-prmaannn. 1. 2. 6 "samyagdarzanajJAnacaritrANi mokssmaargH|-tsvaarth0 1.1. "samyagjJAnapUrvikA sarvapuruSArthasiddhiH |"--nyaaybi0 1.1. "samyaganubhavasAdhanaM pramANam |"-nyaaysaar pR0 1.

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR02.50-21vibhAga meM vidyAnanda, abhayadeva aura devasUri ke lakSaNa kA sthAna hai jo vastuta: siddhasenasamantabhadra ke lakSaNa kA zabdAntara mAtra hai para jisameM avabhAsa ke sthAna meM 'vyavasAya' yA 'nirNIti' pada rakhakara vizeSa artha samAviSTa kiyA hai| antima vibhAga meM mAtra prA0 hemacandra kA lakSaNa hai jisameM 'sva', 'apUrva', 'anadhigata' Adi saba ur3Akara pariSkAra 5 kiyA gayA hai| __pR0 2. paM0 21. 'prasiddhAnuvAdena'-lakSaNa ke prayojana kI vibhinna carcAoM ke antima tAtparya meM koI bheda nahIM jAna par3atA tathApi unake DhaMga jude jude aura bodhaprada haiN| eka ora nyAya-vaizeSika zAstra haiM aura dUsarI ora bauddha tathA jainazAstra haiN| sabhI nyAya-vaizeSika pranthoM meM lakSaNa kA prayojana 'itarabhedajJApana' batalAkara lakSaNa ko 'vyatirekihetu' mAnA 10 hai aura sAtha hI 'vyavahAra' kA bhI prayojaka batalAyA hai| bauddha vidvAn dharmottara ne prasiddha kA anuvAda karake aprasiddha ke vidhAna ko lakSaNa kA prayojana vistAra se pratipAdita kiyA hai, jisakAra devasUri ne bar3e vistAra tathA prATopa ke sAtha nirasana kiyA hai| akalaMka kA jhukAva vyAvRtti ko prayojana mAnane kI ora hai; parantu - prA0 hemacandra ne dharmottara ke kathana kA Adara karake aprasiddha ke vidhAna ko lakSavArtha 1B batalAyA hai| . pR0 2. paM0 23. 'bhavati hiM'-hemacandra ne isa jagaha jo 'lakSya' ko pakSa banA kara 'lakSaNa' siddha karanevAlA 'hetuprayoga kiyA hai vaha bauddha-jaina granthoM meM eka sA hai| . 1 "tatroddiSTasya tattvavyavacchedako dharmo lakSaNam"-nyAyabhA0 1.1.2. "lakSaNasya itaravyava. cchedahetutvAt"- nyAyavA0 1.1.3. "lakSaNaM nAma vytirekihetuvcnm| taddhi samAnAsamAnajAtIyebhyo vibhidya lakSyaM vyavasthApayati "-tAtparya0 1.1.3. "samAnAsamAnajAtIyavyavacchedo lakSaNArtha:"-nyAyama pR065."lakSaNasya vyavahAramAtrasAratayA samAnAsamAnajAtIyavyavacchedamAnasAdhanatvena cAnyAbhAvapratipAdanAsAmAt"-kandalI0 pR08. "vyAvartakasyaiva lakSaNatve vyAvRttau abhidheyatvAdau ca ativyAptivAraNAya tadbhinatvaM dharmavizeSaNaM deyam / vyavahArasyApi lakSaNaprayojanatve tu na deyam, vyAvRtterapi vyavahArasAdhanatvAt |"diipikaa0 pR0 13. "vyAvRttirvyavahAro vA lakSaNasya prayojanam |"-trkdii0 gaMgA pR0 16. "nanu lakSaNamidaM vyatirekiliGgamitarabhedasAdhakaM vyavahArasAdhakaM vA |"-vai0 upa02.1.1. 2"tatra pratyakSamanUdya kalpanApoDhatvamabhrAntatvaM ca vidhiiyte| yattadbhavatAmasmAkaM cArtheSu sAkSAtkArijJAnaM prasiddhaM tatkalpanApoDhAbhrAntatvayuktaM draSTavyam / na caitanmantavyaM kalpanApoDhAbhrAntatvaM cedaprasiddhaM kimanyat pratyakSasya jJAnasya rUpamavaziSyate yatpratyakSazabdavAcyaM sadanUdyateti / yasmAdindriyAnvayavyatirekAnuvidhAyyartheSu sAkSAtkArijJAnaM pratyakSazabdavAcyaM sarveSAM siddhaM tadanuvAdena kalpanApoDhAbhrAntatvavidhiH / " nyAyabi0 TI01.4. "atrAha dharmottaraH-lakSyalakSaNabhAvavidhAnavAkye lakSyamanUdya lakSaNameva vidhIyate / lakSyaM hi prasiddhaM bhavati tatastadanuvAdyam, lakSaNaM puna: aprasiddhamiti tadvidheyam / ajJAtajJApanaM vidhirityabhidhAnAt / siddhe tu lakSyalakSaNabhAve lakSaNamanUdya lakSyameva vidhIyate iti; tadetadabandhuram lakSyavalakSaNasyApi prasiddhina hi na siddheti kutastasyApyajJAtatvanibandhano vidhirapratibaddhaH siddhyet |"-syaadvaadr0 pR0 20. 3 "parasparavyatikare sati yenAnyatvaM lakSyate tallakSaNam / " tattvArtharA0 pR082.

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pR0 3. paM0 3. ] bhASATippaNAni / : aura 'vizeSa' ko 'pakSa' banAkara 'sAmAnya' ko ' hetu' banAne kI yukti bhI eka jaisI hai ? | pR0 3. paM0 1. ' tatra nirNaya:' - tulanA - " vimRzya pakSapratipakSAbhyAmarthAvadhAraNaM nirNaya: " nyAyasU0 1 1 41 / pR0 3. paM0 3. 'aryate ardhyate ' - prameya - artha ke prakAra ke viSaya meM dArzanikoM kA mata- 5 bheda hai| nyAya-vaizeSika paramparA ke sabhI pradhAna AcAryo 2 kA mata heya - upAdeya- upekSaNIyarUpa se tIna prakAra ke artha mAnane kA hai| bauddha dharmottara 3 upekSaNIya ko heya meM antarbhAvita karake do hI prakAra kA artha mAnatA hai jisakA zabdaza: anusaraNa digambara tArkika prabhAcandra mANikyanaMdI ke sUtra kA yathAzruta artha karake kiyA hai| devasUri ko sUtraracanA meM to mANikyanandI ke sUtra kI yathAvat chApa hai phira bhI svopajJa vyAkhyA meM devasUri ne dharmo- 10 tara ke mata ko prabhAcandra kI taraha svIkAra na karake trividha artha mAnanevAle nyAya-vaizeSika pakSa ko hI svIkAra kiyA hai, 4 jaisA ki sanmatiTIkAkAra ( pR0 466 ) ne kiyA hai / 1 "samyagjJAnaM pramANaM pramANatvAnyathAnupapatteH " - pramANapa0 pR0 1. nyAyakumu0 li0 pR0 36. prameyaka0 1. 1. " tatsambhavasAdhakasya pramANatvAkhyasya hetoH sadbhAvAt / nanu yadeva pramANaM dharmitvenAtra niradezi kathaM tasyaiva hetutvamupapannamiti cet; nanu kimasya hetutvAnupapattau nimittam- kiM dharmitvahetutvayAvirodhaH 1 / kiM vA pratijJArthaM kadezatvam ? / yadvA'nanvayatvam ? / tatrAdyapakSe'yamabhiprAyaH- dharmANAmadhikaraNaM dharmI tadadhikaraNastu dharmaH / tato yadyatra pramANaM dharmi kathaM hetuH 1 / sa cet; kathaM dharmi, hetordharmatvAt dharmadharmiNozcaikyAnupapatteH 1 / tadayuktam / vizeSaM dharmiNaM vidhAya sAmAnyaM hetumabhidadhatAM doSAsambhavAt / pramANaM hi pratyakSa parokSavyaktilakSaNaM dharmmi / pramANatvasAmAnyaM hetuH / tato nAtra sarvathaikyam / kathaJcidaikyaM tu bhavadapi na dharmadharmibhAvaM viruNaddhi / pratyuta tatprayojakameva, tadantareNa dharmadharmibhAve'tiprasaGgAt |"syaadvaadr0 pR0 41, 42. prameyara0 1.1 " nanu pratyayavizeSo dharmI sAmAnyaM sAdhanamiti na pratijJArthekadezatA"-pramANavArttikAlaGkAra pR0 62 / 2 "apratIyamAnamarthaM kasmAjjajJAsate ? / taM tattvato jJAtaM hAsyAmi vApAdAsya upekSiSye veti / tA etA hAnopAdAnApekSAbuddhayastattvajJAnasyArthastadarthamayaM jijJAsate" - nyAyabhA0 1. 1. 32. "puruSApekSayA tu prAmANye candratArakAdivijJAnasya puruSAnapekSitasya aprAmANyaprasaGgaH / na cAtidavIyastayA tadarthasya yatayA tadapi puruSasyApekSitam, tasyApekSaNIyaviSayatvAt / na copekSaNIyamapi anupAdeyatvAt heyamiti nivedayiSyate" / 1. 1. 3. pR0 103 ) - tAtparya0 pR0 21. nyAyama0 pR0 24. "pramitirguNadoSamAdhyasthyadarzanam / guNadarzanamupAdeyatvajJAnam, doSadarzanaM heyatvajJAnam, mAdhyasthyadarzanaM na heyaM nopAdeyamiti jJAnaM pramiti: / " - kandalI pR0 166 / 3 "puruSasyArthaH zrata ityarthaH kAmyata iti yAvat / heyo'rthaH upAdeyo vA / heyo hyartho hAtumiSyate upAdeyeApyupAdAtum / na ca heyopAdeyAbhyAmanyA rAzirasti / upekSaNIyeA hyanupAdeyatvAt heya eva" - nyAyavi0 TI0 1.1 / 4 " hitAhitaprAtiparihArasamartha hi pramANaM tato jJAnameva tat" - parI0 1 2. " arthyate abhilaSyate prayojanArthibhirityartho heya upAdeyazca / upekSaNIyasyApi parityajanIyatvAt heyatvam, upAdAnakriyAM prati akarmabhAvAt nopAdeyatvam hAnakriyAM prati viparyayAt tattvam / tathA ca loko vadati - ahamanena upekSaNIyatvena parityakta iti"-prameyaka0 pR0 2 A, "abhimatAnabhimata vastusvIkAratiraskArakSamaM hi pramANam zrato

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pramANamImAMsAyAH ___prA. hemacandra ne bhI usI trividha artha ke pakSa ko hI liyA hai para usake sthApana meM naI yukti kA upayoga kiyA hai| pR. 3. paM0 4. 'na cAnupAdeyA-tulanA-"nanu koyamupekSaNIyo nAma viSayaH 1 / sa hi upekSaNIyatvAdeva nopAdIyate cet, sa tarhi heya eva, anupAdeyatvAditi / naitad yuktam , upe. 5 kSaNIyaviSayasya svasaMvedyatvena apratyAkhyeyatvAt / heyopAdeyayorasti duHkha-prItinimittatA / yatnena hAnopAdAne bhavatastatra dehinAm / yatnasAdhyadvayAbhAvAdubhayasyApi sAdhanAt / tAbhyAM visadRzaM vastu svasaMviditamasti naH // upAdeye ca viSaye dRSTe rAgaH- pravartate / itaratra tu vidveSastatrobhAvapi durlabhau // / yattu anupAdeyatvAt heya eveti, tadaprayojakam , ma hyavaM bhavati, yadetad napuMsakaM sa pumAn, astratvAt / strI vA napuMsaka apuMstvAditi / strIpuMsAbhyAmanyadeva napuMsakam , tatho palabhyamAnatvAt / evamupekSaNIyo'pi viSayo heyopAdeyAbhyAmarthAntaram, tathopalambhAditi / 15 yadetat tRNaparNAdi cakAsti pathi gacchataH / / na dhIzchatrAdivat tatra na ca kAkodarAdivat ||"-nyaaym* pR0 24-25. pR0 3. paM0 6. 'samyaga'-tulanA-"tatra samyagiti prazaMsArtho nipAtaH samacate bhAva:"-tattvArthabhA0 1. 1. pR0 3. paM0 11. 'saMbhava'-tulanA "saMbhavavyabhicArAbhyAM syAdvizeSaNamarthavat / na zaityena na cauSNyena vahniH kvApi viziSyate ||"-tntrvaa* pR0 208. "saMbhavavyabhicArAbhyAM vizeSaNavizeSyayAH / dRSTaM vizeSaNaM loke yathehApi tathekSyatAm ||"-bRhdaa0 vA0 pR0 2012. "saMbhave vyabhicAre ca vizeSaNaM yuktam-"hetubi0 TI0 li. pR0 61. 20 25 pR0 3. paM0 16. 'na cAsAvasana -prA. hemacandra ne 'svaprakAzatva' ke sthApana aura aikAntika 'paraprakAzakatva' ke khaMDana meM bauddha, prabhAkara, vedAnta Adi sabhI 'svaprakAza'vAdiyoM kI yuktiyoM kA saMgrAhaka upayoga kiyA hai| jJAnamevedam" pramANana0 1.3 / "abhimatAnabhimatayorupalakSaNatvAdabhimatAnabhimatobhayAbhAvasvabhAva upekSaNIyo'pyatrArtho lkssyitvyH| rAgagocaraH khalvabhimataH / dvessvissyo'nbhimtH| rAgadveSadvitayAnAlambanaM tRnnaadiruupekssnniiyH| tasya copekSaka pramANaM tadupekSAyAM smrthmityrthH||"-syaadvaadr.1.2|

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pR04. paM0 16.] bhASATippaNAni / ' pR0 3. paM0 16. 'ghaTamahaM jAnAmi'-tulanA-"ghaTamahamAtmanA vedmi| karmavat kartR karaNakriyApratIteH |"-prii0 1. 8,6 pR0 3. paM0 17. 'na ca apratyakSopalambhasya-tulanA-"tadAha-dharmakIrtiH 'apratyakSo nyAyavi0 TI0 li. pR0 106 B; pR0 542 B. "aprasiddhopalambhasya nArtha vittiH prasiddhayati" tattvasaM0 kA0 2074. ___ pR0 3. paM0 22 'tasmAdarthonmukha'-tulanA-"svonmukhatayA pratibhAsanaM svasya vyavasAyaH / arthasyeva tadunmukhatayA / " parI0 1. 6, 7. pR0 4. paM0 10. 'svanirNaya'-prA0 hemacandra ne apane lattaNa meM 'sva' pada jo pUrvavartI sabhI jainAcAryo ke lakSaNa meM vartamAna hai use jaba nahIM rakkhA taba unake sAmane prazna upasthita huA ki kyA prAcInaprAcAryasaMmata 'svaprakAzatva' iSTa na hone se 'sva'pada kA tyAga karate 10 ho yA anya kisI dRSTi se ? / isakA uttara unhoMne isa sUtra meM diyA ki jJAna to 'svaprakAza' hI hai para vyAvarttaka na hone se lakSaNa meM usakA praveza anAvazyaka hai| aisA karake apanA vicArasvAtaMtrya unhoMne dikhAyA aura sAtha hI vRddhoM kA khaNDana na karake 'sva'padaprayoga kI unakI dRSTi dikhAkara unake prati Adara bhI vyakta kiyaa| pR0 4. paM0 15. 'nanu ca paricchinnamartham'-tulanA-"adhigataM cArthamadhigamayatA pramANena 15 piSTaM piSTaM syAt |"-nyaayvaa0 pR0 5. pR. 4. paM0 16. 'dhArAvAhijJAnAnAm'-bhAratIya pramANazAstroM meM 'smRti' ke prAmANya-aprAmANya kI carcA prathama se hI calI AtI dekhI jAtI hai para dhArAvAhika hAnI ke prAmANya-aprAmANya kI carcA saMbhavata: bauddha paramparA se dharmakIrti ke bAda dAkhila huii| eka bAra pramANazAstroM meM praveza hone ke bAda to phira vaha sarvadarzanavyApI ho gaI aura 20 isake pakSa-pratipakSa meM yuktiyA~ tathA vAda sthira ho gaye aura khAsa-khAsa paramparAe~ bana gii| vAcaspati, zrIdhara, jayanta, udayana Adi sabhI? nyAya-vaizeSika darzana ke vidvAnoM ne 'dhArAvAhika' jJAnoM ko adhigatArthaka kahakara bhI pramANa hI mAnA hai aura unameM 'sUkSmakAlakalA' ke bhAna kA niSedha hI kiyA hai| ataeva unhoMne pramANa lakSaNa meM 'anadhigata' 25 mAdi pada nahIM rakkhe / 1 "anadhigatArthagantRtvaM ca dhArAvAhikavijJAnAnAmadhigatArthagocarANAM lokasiddhapramANabhAvAnAM prAmANyaM vihantIti naadriyaamhe| na ca kAlabhedenAnadhigatagocaratvaM dhArAvAhikAnAmiti yuktam / paramasUkSmANAM kAlakalAdibhedAnAM pizitalocanairasmAdRzairanAkalanAt / na cAyenaiva vijJAnenopadarzitatvAdarthasya pravartitatvAta puruSasya prApitatvAccottareSAmaprAmANyameva jJAnAnAmiti vAcyam / nahi vijJAnasyArthaprApaNaM pravartanAdanyad, na ca pravartanamarthapradarzanAdanyat / tasmAdarthapradarzanamAtravyApArameva zAnaM pravartakaM prApakaM ca / pradarzanaM ca pUrvavaduttareSAmapi vijJAnAnAmabhinnamiti katha pUrvameva pramANAM nottarANyapi ?"-tAtparya0 pR021. kandalI pR0 61. nyAyama0 pR0 22. nyAyaku0 4.1 /

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pramANamImAMsAyoH __ mImAMsaka kI prabhAkarIya aura kumArilIya donoM paramparAoM meM bhI dhArAvAhika jJAnoM kA prAmANya hI svIkAra kiyA hai| para donoM ne usakA samarthana bhinna-bhinna prakAra se kiyA hai| prabhAkarAnugAmI zAlikanAtha 1 'kAlakalA' kA bhAna binA mAne hI 'anubhUti hone mAtra se unheM pramANa kahate haiM, jisa para nyAya-vaizeSika paramparA kI chApa spaSTa hai| kumArilAnugAmI pArthasArathire, 'sUkSmakAlakalA' kA bhAna mAnakara hI unameM prAmANya kA upapAdana karate haiM kyoMki kumArilaparamparA meM pramANalakSaNa meM 'apUrva' pada hone se aisI kalpanA binA kiye 'dhArAvAhika' jJAnoM ke prAmANya kA samarthana kiyA nahIM jA sktaa| isa para bauddha aura jaina kalpanA kI chApa jAna par3atI hai| bauddha-paramparA meM yadyapi dharmottara ne spaSTatayA 'dhArAvAhika' kA ullekha karake to kucha 10 nahIM kahA hai, phira bhI usake sAmAnya kathana se usakA jhukAva 'dhArAvAhika' ko apramANa mAnane kA hI jAna par3atA hai| hetubindu kI TIkA meM arcaTa ne 'dhArAvAhika' ke viSaya meM apanA mantavya prasaMgavaza spaSTa batalAyA hai| usane yogigata 'dhArAvAhika' jJAnoM ko to 'sUkSma kAlakalA' kA bhAna mAnakara pramANa kahA hai| para sAdhAraNa pramAtAoM ke dhArA vAhikoM ko sUkSmakAlabhedagrAhaka na hone se apramANa hI kahA hai| isa taraha bauddha para. 15 mparA meM pramAtA ke bheda se 'dhArAvAhika' ke prAmANya-aprAmANya kA svIkAra hai| 1 "dhArAvAhikeSu tAttaravijJAnAni smRtipramoSAdaviziSTAni kathaM pramANAni / tatrAha-anyonyanirapekSAstu dhaaraavaahikbuddhyH| vyApriyamANe hi pUrvavijJAnakAraNakalApa uttareSAmapyutpattiriti na pratItita utpattito vA dhArAvAhikavijJAnAni parasparasyAtizerata iti yuktA sarveSAmapi pramANatA |"-prkrnnp0 pR042-43. bRhatIpa0 pR0 103. 2 "nanvevaM dhArAvAhikeSUttareSAM pUrvagRhItArthaviSayakatvAdaprAmANyaM syAt / tasmAt 'anubhUtiH pramANam' iti pramANalakSaNam / .. tasmAt yathArthamagRhItagrAhi jJAnaM pramANamiti vaktavyam / dhArAvAhikeSvapyuttarottareSAM kAlAntarasambandhasyAgrahItasya grahaNAd yuktaM prAmANyam / sannapi kAlabhedo'tisUkSmatvAnna parAmRSyata iti cet / aho sUkSmadarzI devAnAMpriyaH ! yo hi samAnaviSayayA vijJAnadhArayA ciramavasthAyoparataH seo'nantarakSaNasambandhitayAthai smarati / tathAhi-kimatra ghaTo'vasthita iti pRSTaH kathayati-asmin kSaNe mayopalabdha iti| tathA prAtarArabhyaitAvatkAlaM mayopalabdha iti / kAlabhede tvagRhIte kathamevaM vadeta / tasmAdasti kAlabhedasya praamrshH| tadAdhikyAca siddhamuttareSAM prAmANyam |"-shaastrdii0 pR0 124-126. 3 "ata eva anadhigataviSayaM pramANam / yenaiva hi jJAnena prathamamadhigato'rthaH tenaiva pravartitaH puruSaH prApitazcArthaH tatraivArthe kimanyena jJAnena adhika kAryama / tato'dhigataviSayamapramANam |"-nyaaybik TI0. pR0 3. 4 "yadaikasminneva nIlAdivastuni dhArAvAhInIndriyajJAnAnyutpadyante tadA pUrveNAbhinnayogakSematvAt uttareSAmindriyajJAnAnAmaprAmANyaprasaGgaH / na caivama , ato'nekAnta iti pramANasaMplavavAdI darzayannAha-pUrvapratyakSakSaNena ityAdi / etat pariharati-tad yadi pratikSaNaM kSaNavivekadarzino'dhikRtyocyate tadA bhinnopayogitayA pRthaka prAmANyAt naanekaantH| atha sarvapadArtheSvekatvAdhyavasAyinaH sAMvyavahArikAn puruSAnabhipretyocyate tadA sakalameva nIlasantAnamekamartha sthirarUpaM tatsAdhyAM cArthakriyAmekAtmikAmadhyavasyantIti prAmANyamapyuttareSAmaniSTameveti kuto'nekAntaH ?|"-hetu0 TI0 li0. pR0 36B-41A.

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pR0 4 paM0 16. ] bhASATipaNAni / 1 jaina tarkapranthoM meM ' dhArAvAhika' jJAnoM ke prAmANyaM praprAmANya ke viSaya meM do paramparAe~ haiM - digambarIya aura zvetAmbarIya / digambara paramparA ke anusAra ' dhArAvAhika' jJAna tabhI pramANa haiM jaba ve kSaNabhedAdi vizeSa kA bhAna karate hoM aura viziSTapramAjanaka hote hoM / jaba ve aisA na karate hoM taba pramANa nahIM haiN| isI taraha usa paramparA ke anusAra yaha bhI samajhanA cAhie ki viziSTapramAjanaka hote hue bhI 'dhArAvAhika' jJAna jisa dravyAMza meM 5 viziSTapramAjanaka nahIM haiM usa aMza meM ve apramANa aura vizeSAMza meM viziSTapramAjanaka hone ke kAraNa pramANa haiM arthAt eka jJAna vyakti meM bhI viSaya bheda kI apekSA se prAmANyAprAmANya hai / akalaGka ke anugAmI vidyAnanda aura mANikyanandI ke anugAmI prabhAcandra ke TIkApranthoM kA pUrvApara avalokana ukta natIje para pahu~cAtA hai / kyoMki anya sabhI jainAcAryoM kI taraha nirvivAda rUpa 'smRtiprAmANya' kA samarthana karanevAle akalaGka aura 10 mANikyanandI apane-apane pramANa lakSaNa meM jaba bauddha aura mImAMsaka ke samAna 'anadhigata' aura 'apUrva' pada rakhate haiM taba una padoM kI sArthakatA ukta tAtparya ke sivAya aura kisI prakAra se batalAI hI nahIM jA sakatI cAhe vidyAnanda aura prabhAcandra kA svatantra mata kucha bhI rahA ho / bauddha 2 vidvAn vikalpa aura smRti donoM meM, mImAMsaka smRti mAtra meM svatantra prAmANya 15 nahIM mAnate / isalie unake mata meM to 'anadhigata' aura 'apUrva' pada kA prayojana spaSTa hai / para jaina paramparA ke anusAra vaha prayojana nahIM hai / 13 zvetAmbara paramparA ke sabhI vidvAn eka mata dhArAvAhijJAna ko smRti kI taraha pramANa mAnane ke hI pakSa meM haiM / ataeva kisI ne apane pramANalakSaNa meM 'anadhigata' 'apUrva' Adi jaise pada kA sthAna hI nahIM diyaa| itanA hI nahIM, balki unhoMne spaSTarUpeNa 20 yaha kaha diyA ki cAhe jJAna gRhItagrAhI ho taba bhI vaha agRhItagrAhI ke samAna hI pramANa hai / unake vicArAnusAra gRhItagrAhitva prAmANya kA vighAtaka nahIM, ataeva unake mata se eka dhArAvAhika jJAnavyakti meM viSayabheda kI apekSA se prAmANya-praprAmANya mAnane kI z2arUrata nahIM aura na to kabhI kisI ko prapramANa mAnane kI z2arUrata hai / 1 "gRhItamagRhItaM vA svArtha yadi vyavasyati / tanna loke na zAstreSu vijahAti pramANatAm // "-- tatvArthaglo0 1.10. 78 / "pramAntarAgRhItArthaprakAzitvaM prapaJcataH / prAmANyaM ca gRhItArthagrAhitvepi kathaMcana ||" - tatvArthamlo0 1. 13. 64 / "gRhItagrahaNAt tatra na smRtezcetpramANatA / dhArAvAhyakSa vijJAnasyaivaM labhyeta kena sA // " - tatvArthazlokavA0 1. 13. 15. " nanvevamapi pramANasaM plavavAditAvyAghAtaH pramANapratipanne'rthe pramANAntarApratipattirityacAdyam / arthaparicchitti vizeSasadbhAve tatpravRtterapyabhyupagamAt / prathamapramANapratipanne hi vastunyAkAravizeSaM pratipadyamAnaM pramANAntaramapUrvArthameva vRkSo nyagrodha ityAdivat / " - prameyaka0 pR0 16 / 2 " yad gRhItagrAhi jJAnaM na tatpramANaM yathA smRtiH, gRhItagrAhI ca pratyakSa pRSThabhAvI vikalpa iti vyApakaviruddhopalabdhiH" - tavasaM0 pa0 kA0 1268 /

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pramANamImAMsAyA: [40 4.60 18zvetAmbara prAcAryoM meM bhI A0 hemacandra kI khAsa vizeSatA hai kyoMki unhoMne grahItagrAhI aura grahoSyamANagrAhI donoM kA samatva dikhAkara sabhI dhArAvAhijJAnoM meM prAmANya kA jo samarthana kiyA hai vaha qhAsa mArke kA hai| pR0 4. paM0 18. 'tatrApUrvArtha'-tulanA-hetubi0 TI0 li. pR0 87. pR0 4. paM0 16 'grahISyamANa'-'anadhigata' yA 'apUrva' pada jo dharmottara, akalaMka, mANikyanandI Adi ke lakSaNavAkya meM hai usako prA0 hemacandra ne apane lakSaNa meM jaba sthAna nahIM diyA taba unake sAmane yaha prazna AyA ki 'dhArAvAhika' aura 'smRti' Adi jJAna jo adhigatArthaka yA pUrvArthaka haiM aura jinheM apramANa samajhA jAtA hai unako pramANa mAnate ho yA prapramANa ? / yadi apramANa mAnate ho to samyagarthanirNayarUpa lakSaNa prativyApta ho jAtA hai| 10 ataeva 'anadhigata' yA 'apUrva' pada lakSaNa meM rakhakara 'ativyApti' kA nirAsa kyoM nahIM karate ? / isa prazna kA uttara isa sUtra meM prA0 hemacandra ne ukta jJAnoM kA prAmANya svIkAra __ karake hI diyA hai| isa sUtra kI prAsAdika aura arthapUrNa racanA hemacandra kI pratibhA aura vicAravizadatA kI cotikA hai| prastuta artha meM itanA saMkSipta, prasanna aura sayuktika vAkya abhI taka anyatra dekhA nahIM gyaa| 15 pR0 4. paM0 20. 'dravyApekSayA' yadyapi nyAyAvatAra kI TIkA meM siddharSi ne bhI anadhigata vizeSaNa kA khaNDana karate hue dravyaparyAya rUpa se yahA~ jaise hI vikalpa uThAye haiM tathApi vahA~ ATha vikalpa hone se eka taraha kI jaTilatA A gaI hai| prA. hemacandra ne apanI prasanna aura saMkSipta zailI meM do vikalpoM ke dvArA hI saba kucha kaha diyA hai| tattvopaplava' grantha ke avalokana se aura A0 hemacandra ke dvArA kiye gaye usake abhyAsa ke anumAna se eka bAta 20 kalpanA meM AtI hai| vaha yaha ki prastuta sUtragata yukti aura zabdaracanA donoM ke sphuraNa kA nimitta zAyada A0 hemacandra para par3A huA tattvopaplava kA prabhAva hI ho / pR0 5.50 7 'anubhayatra'-saMzaya ke upalabhya lakSaNoM ko dekhane se jAna par3atA hai ki kucha to kAraNamUlaka haiM aura kucha svarUpamUlaka / kaNAda, akSapAda aura kisI bauddha-vizeSa ke 1. "tatrApi so'dhigamyo'rthaH kiM dravyam, uta paryAyo vA, dravyaviziSTaparyAyaH, paryAyaviziSTaM vA dravyamiti, tathA ki sAmAnyam, uta vizeSaH, zrAhosvit sAmAnyaviziSTo vizeSaH, vizeSaviziSTaM vA sAmAnyam ityaSTau pkssaaH|" nyAyA0si0 TI0 pR0 13. 2. "anye tu anadhigatArthagantRtvena pramANalakSaNamabhidadhati. te tvayuktavAdino drssttvyaaH| kathamayuktavAditA teSAmiti cet, ucyate-vibhinnakArakotpAditaikArthavijJAnAnAM yathAvyavasthitaikArthagRhItirUpatvAvizeSepi pUrvotpannavijJAnasya prAmANyaM nottarasya ityatra niyAmakaM vasavyam / atha yathAvasthitArthagRhItirUpatvAvizeSepi pUrvotpannavijJAnasya prAmANyamupapadyate na prathamottaravijJAnasya; tadA anenaiva nyAyena prathamasyApyaprAmANyaM prasaktam, gRhItArthagrAhitvAvizeSAt |"-tttvo0li. pR030.

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05. paM0 17.] bhASATippaNAni / 15 lakSaNa kAraNamUlaka haiN| devasUri kA lakSaNa kAraNa aura svarUpa ubhayamUlaka 2 hai jaba ki A0 hemacandra ke isa lakSaNa meM kevala svarUpa kA nidarzana hai, kAraNa kA nahIM / pR0 5 paM0 8 'sAdhakabAdhaka' - tulanA - " sAdhakabAdhakapramANAbhAvAt tatra saMzItiH - laghIM. svavi0 1. 4. aSTaza0 kA0 3. " seyaM sAdhaka bAdhakapramANAnupapattau satyAM samAnadharmopalabdhirvinazyadavasthAvizeSasmRtyA sahAvinazyadavasthayaikasmin kSaNe satI saMzayajJAnasya heturiti 5 siddham / " - tAtparya0 1. 1 23. " na hi sAdhakabAdhakapramANAbhAvamavadhUya samAnadharmAdidarzanAdevAsI" - nyAyaku 0 pR0 8. pR0 4. paM0 13. 'vizeSA' - pratyakSa anumAna ubhaya viSaya meM anadhyavasAya kA svarUpa batalAte hue prazastapAda ne likhA hai ki "nadhyavasAyeopi pratyakSAnumAnaviSaya eva saJjAyate / tatra pratyakSaviSaye tAvat 10 prasiddhArtheSvaprasiddhArtheSu vA vyAsaGgAdanarthitvAdvA kimityAlocanamAtramanadhyavasAyaH / yathA vAhIkasya panasAdiSvanabhyavasAyo bhavati / tatra sattAdravyatvapRthivItvavRkSatvarUpavattvAdizAkhAdyapekSeo'dhyavasAyeo bhavati / panasatvamapi panaseSvanuvRttamAmrAdibhyo vyAvRttaM pratyakSameva kevalaM tUpadezAbhAvAdvizeSajJApratipattirna bhavati / anumAnaviSaye'pi nArikeladvIpavAsinaH sAnAmAtradarzanAt ko nu khalvayaM prANI syAdityanadhyavasAyo bhavati / " - prazasta0 pR0 182. usI ke vivaraNa meM zrIdhara ne kahA hai ki - " seyaM saMjJAvizeSAnavadhAraNAtmikA pratItiranadhyavasAyaH // " - kandalI0 pR0 183. 0 hemacandra ke lakSaNa meM vahI bhAva sanniviSTa hai / pR0 5. paM0 15 - ' pareSAm ' - tulanA - " pratyakSaM kalpanApoDhaM nAmajAtyAdyasaMyutam" pramANasamu01.3. "tatra pratyakSaM kalpanApoDhaM yajjJAnamarthe rUpAdaiA nAmajAtyAdikalpanArahitaM tadakSamakSaM 20 prati varttate iti pratyakSam " nyAyapra0 pR0 7. " kalpanApoDhamabhrAntaM pratyakSa mR" -- nyAyavi0 1. 4. pR0 5. paM0 17. 'atasmin ' - A0 hemacandra kA prastuta lakSaNa kaNAdare ke lakSaNa kI taraha kAraNamUlaka nahIM hai para yogasUtra aura pramANanayatatvAloka ke lakSaNa kI taraha svarUpamUlaka hai / 1. " sAmAnyapratyakSAdvizeSApratyakSAdvizeSasmRtezca saMzayaH " " dRSTaM ca dRSTavat" "yathAdRSTamayathAdRSTatvAcca" "vidyA'vidyAtazca saMzayaH " - vaize0 sU0 2. 2. 17-20. "samAnA'nekadharmopapattervipratipatterupalabdhyanupalabdhyavyavasthAtazca vizeSApekSo vimarzaH saMzayaH " - nyAyasU0 1 1. 23. "anye tu saMzayalakSaNamanyathA vyAcakSate - sAdharmya darzanAdvizeSopalipsorvimarzaH saMzaya iti" - nyAyavA0 - 1.1.23. "bauddhAbhimataM saMzayalakSaNamupanyasyati / anye sviti / " tAtparya0 1.1.23. 2. " sAdhakabAdhakapramANAbhAvAdanavasthitAneka koTisaMsparza' jJAnaM saMzayaH / " - pramANana0 1. 12. 3. "indriyadoSAt saMskAradeoSAccAvidyA" vaize0 sU0 1.2.10. 4. "viparyayo mithyAjJAnamatadrUpapratiSTham / " - yogasU0 1.8 pramANana0 1. 10, 11. 15 25

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pramANamImAMsAyA: [ pR0 5. paM018 pR0 5. paM0 16. 'timirAdideoSAt ' - tulanA - " tathA rahitaM timirAzubhramaNanauyAnasaMkSobhAdyanAhitavibhramaM jJAnaM pratyakSam " - nyAyavi0 1.6. "timiram prayorviplavaH indriyagatamidaM vibhramakAraNam / zrazubhramaNamalAtAdeH / mandaM bhramyamANe alAtAdau na cakrabhrAntirutpadyate tadarthamAzugrahaNena vizeSyate bhramaNam / etacca viSayagataM vibhramakAraNam / nAvA gamanaM 5 nauyAnam / gacchantyAM nAvi sthitasya gacchavRkSAdibhrAntirutpadyate iti yAnagrahaNam, etacca bAhyAzrayasthitaM vibhramakAraNam / saMkSobhA vAtapittazleSmaNAm / vAtAdiSu hi kSobhaM gateSu jvalitastambhAdibhrAntirutpadyate etacca adhyAtmagataM vibhramakAraNam / " - nyAyavi0 TI0 1.6. 16 pR0 5. paM0 22. 'tatprAmANyaM tu' - tulanA - " tathAhi vijJAnasya tAvatprAmANyaM svato vA 10 nizcIyate paratA vA? / na tAvat pUrvaH kalpaH na khalu vijJAnamanAtmasaMvedanamAtmAnamapi gRhNAti prAgeva tatprAmANyam / nApi vijJAnAntaram ; tat vijJAnamityeva gRhNIyAnna punarasyAvyabhicAritvam / jJAnatvamAtraM ca tadAbhAsasAdhAraNamiti na svataH prAmANyAvadhAraNam / etena svasaMvedananaye'pi vyabhicAragrahaNaM pratyuktam / nApi parataH / paraM hi tadgocaraM vA jJAnamabhyupeyeta, arthakriyAnirbhAsaM vA jJAnAntaram, tadgocaranAntarIyakArthAntaradarzanaM vA ? | taca sarva 15 svatA'navadhAritaprAmANyamAkulaM sat kathaM pUrvaM pravarttakaM jJAnamanAkulayet ? / svateo vA'sya prAmANye kimaparAddhaM pravartakajJAnena, yena tasminnapi tanna syAt ? / na ca prAmANyaM jJAyate svata ityAveditam / " - tAtparya 1. 1. 1. pR0 6. paM0 1. 'prAmANya' - darzanazAstroM meM prAmANya aura aprAmANya ke 'svata: ' 'parata: ' kI carcA bahuta prasiddha hai / aitihAsika dRSTi se jAna par3atA hai ki isa carcA kA 20 mUla vedoM ke prAmANya mAnane na mAnanevAle do pakSoM meM hai I jaba jaina, bauddha Adi vidvAnoM ne veda ke prAmANya kA virodha kiyA taba vedaprAmANyavAdI nyAya-vaizeSika-mImAMsaka vidvAnoM ne vedoM ke prAmANya kA samarthana karanA zurU kiyA / prArambha meM yaha carcA 'zabda' pramANa taka hI parimita rahI jAna par3atI hai para eka bAra usake tArkika pradeza meM Ane para phira vaha vyApaka bana gaI aura sarva jJAna ke viSaya meM prAmANya kiMvA aprAmANya ke 'svata:' 'parata: ' 25 kA vicAra zurU ho gayA? / isa carcA meM pahile mukhyatayA do pakSa par3a gaye / eka to veda zraprAmANyavAdI jainabauddha aura dUsarA vedaprAmANyavAdI naiyAyika, mImAMsaka Adi / veda- prAmANyavAdiyoM meM bhI usakA samarthana bhinna-bhinna rIti se zurU huA / IzvaravAdI nyAya-vaizeSika darzana ne veda kA prAmANya IzvaramUlaka sthApita kiyA / jaba usameM vedaprAmANya parataH sthApita kiyA 1. " autpattikastu zabdasyArthena sambandhastasya jJAnamupadezo'vyatirekazcArthe'nupalabdhe tat pramANa bAdarAyaNasyAnapekSatvAt" jaimi0 sU0 1.1.5. " tasmAt tat pramANam anapekSatvAt / na hya evaM sati pratyayAntaramapekSitavyam, puruSAntaraM vApi svayaM pratyayo hyasau / " - zAbarabhA0 1.1.5. bRhatI0 1.1.5. "sarvavijJAnaviSayamidaM tAvatpratIkSyatAm / pramANatvApramANatve svataH ki parato'thavA // "-3 - zlokavA1 coda0 zlo0 33.

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pR0 6. paM0 1.] bhASATippaNAni / gayA taba bAkI ke pratyakSa Adi saba pramANoM kA prAmANya bhI 'parataH' hI siddha kiyA gayA aura samAna yukti se usameM aprAmANya ko bhI 'parataH' hI nizcita kiyaa| isa taraha prAmANya-aprAmANya donoM parataH hI nyAya-vaizeSika sammata hue / mImAMsaka IzvaravAdI na hone se vaha tanmUlaka prAmANya to veda meM kaha hI nahIM sakatA thaa| ataeva usane vedaprAmANya svataH' mAna liyA aura usake samarthana ke vAste pratyakSa Adi sabhI jJAnoM kA prAmANya 'svata:' hI sthApita kiyA / para usane aprAmANya ko to 'parataH hI mAnA hai| / yadyapi isa carcA meM sAMkhyadarzana kA kyA mantavya hai isakA koI ullekha usake upalabdha granthoM meM nahIM milatA phira bhI kumArila, zAntarakSita aura mAdhavAcArya ke kathanoM se jAna par3atA hai ki sAMkhyadarzana prAmANya-aprAmANya donoM ko 'svataH' hI mAnanevAlA rahA hai| zAyada usakA tadviSayaka prAcIna sAhitya naSTaprAya huA ho| ukta AcAryoM ke granthoM meM 10 hI eka aise pakSa kA bhI nirdeza hai jo Thoka mImAMsaka se ulaTA hai arthAt vaha aprAmANya ko 'svata:' hI aura prAmANya ko 'parataH' hI mAnatA hai| sarvadarzana saMgraha meM-saugatAzcaramaM svataH ( sarvada0 pR. 276 ) isa pakSa ko bauddha pakSa rUpa se varNita kiyA hai sahI, para tattvasaMgraha meM jo bauddha pakSa hai vaha bilakula judA hai| saMbhava hai sarvadarzanasaMgrahanirdiSTa bauddhapakSa kisI anya bauddhavizeSa kA rahA ho| 15 zAntarakSita ne apane bauddha mantavya ko spaSTa karate hue kahA hai ki-1-prAmANya-aprAmANya ubhaya 'svata:', 2-ubhaya 'parataH', 3-donoM meM se prAmANya svata: aura aprAmANya parataH, tathA 4-aprAmANya svataH, prAmANya parata:-ina cAra pattoM meM se koI bhI bauddha pakSa nahIM hai kyoMki ve cAroM pakSa niyamavAle haiN| bauddhapakSa aniyamavAdI hai arthAt prAmANya ho yA aprAmANya donoM meM koI 'svata: to koI 'parata:' aniyama se hai| abhyAsadazA meM to 'svata:' samajhanA 20 cAhie cAhe prAmANya ho yA aprAmANya / para anabhyAsadazA meM 'parata:' samajhanA caahie| 1 "pramANato'rthapratipattau pravRttisAmarthyAdarthavat pramANam"-nyAyabhA0 pR01| taatpry01.1.1| ki vijJAnAnAM prAmANyamaprAmANyaM ceti dvayamapi svataH uta ubhayamapi parataH pAhosvidaprAmANyaM svataH prAmANya tu parata: utasvit prAmANyaM svata: aprAmANyaM tu parata iti / tatra parata eva vedasya prAmANyamiti vakSyAmaH |...sthitmetdrthkriyaajnyaanaat prAmANyanizcaya iti| tadidamuktam / pramANato'rthapratipattau pravRttisAmarthyAdarthavat prmaannmiti| tasmAdaprAmANyamapi parokSamityato dvayamapi parata ityeSa eva pakSaH zreyAn / nyAyama0 pR0 160-174 / kandalI pR0217-220| "pramAyAH paratantratvAt sargapralayasambhavAt / tadanyasminnanAzvAsAnna vidhAntarasambhava: "-nyaayku02.2|| tattvaci0 pratyakSa pR0153-233| 2 "svataH sarvapramANAnAM prAmANyamiti gamyatAm / na hi svato'satI zaktiH katu manyena zakyate ||"-shlokvaa0 sU02. shlo047| 3 zlokavA0 sU0 3. zlo0 85 / 4 "kecidAhuyaM svataH |"-shlokvaa0 sU0 2. zlo0 343 tattvasaM0 10 kA0 2811. "pramANatvApramANatve svata: sAMkhyAH smaashritaaH|"-srvd0jaimi0 pR0276 / 5 "nahi bauddha reSAM caturNAmekatamo'pi pksso'bhiisstto'niympksssyesstttvaat| tathAhi-ubhayamapyetat kiJcit svataH kiJcit parataH iti pUrvamupavarNitam / ata eva pkssctussttyopnyaaso'pyyuktH| paJcamasyApyaniyamaekSasya saMbhavAt |"-tttvsN0p0 kA 3123 /

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[ pR0 6. paM0 14 jaina paramparA ThIka zAntarakSitakathita bauddhapakSa ke samAna hI hai / vaha prAmANyaprAmANya donoM ko abhyAsadazA meM 'svata:' aura anabhyAsadazA meM 'parata:' mAnatI hai / yaha mantavya pramANanayatatvAloka ke sUtra meM hI spaSTatayA nirdiSTa haiM / yadyapi zra0 hemacandra ne prastuta sUtra meM prAmANya praprAmANya donoM kA nirdeza na karake parIkSAmukha kI taraha 5 kevala prAmANya ke svataH parataH kA hI nirdeza kiyA hai tathApi devasUri kA sUtra pUrNatayA jaina paramparA kA dyotaka hai| jaise- " tatprAmANyaM svataH paratazceti / " - parI0 1. 13. / "tadubhayamutpattau parata eva jJaptau tu svataH paratazceti" - pramANana0 1.21 / isa svata: parata: kI carcA kramazaH yahA~ taka vikasita huI hai ki isameM utpatti, jJapti aura pravRtti tInoM ko lekara svataH parataH kA vicAra bar3e vistAra se sabhI darzanoM meM A 10 gayA hai aura yaha vicAra pratyeka darzana kI anivArya carcA kA viSaya bana gayA hai / aura isa para pariSkArapUrNa tattvacintAmaNi, gAdAdharaprAmANyavAda Adi jaise jaTila grantha bana gaye haiM / 18 25 pramANamImAMsAyAH pR0 6. paM0 14. 'adRSTArthe tu' - Agama ke prAmANya kA jaba prazna AtA hai taba usa kA samarthana qhAsa qhAsa prakAra se kiyA jAtA hai / Agama kA jo bhAga parokSArthaka nahIM hai usake prAmANya kA samarthana to saMvAda prAdi dvArA sukara hai para usakA jo bhAga parokSArthaka, 15 vizeSa parokSArthaka hai jisameM carmanetroM kI pahu~ca nahIM, usake prAmANya kA samarthana kaise kiyA jAya ? | yadi samarthana na ho sake taba to sAre zrAgama kA prAmANya DUbane lagatA hai / isa prazna kA uttara sabhI sAMpradAyika vidvAnoM ne diyA hai aura apane-apane AgamoM kA prAmANya sthApita kiyA hai| mImAMsaka ne vedoM kA hI prAmANya sthApita kiyA hai para vaha 'apauruSeyatva' yukti se, jaba ki unhIM vedoM kA prAmANya nyAya-vaizeSika ne anya prakAra se 20 sthApita kiyA hai / akSapAda vedoM kA prAmANya prAptaprAmANya se batalAte haiM aura usake dRSTAnta meM ve kahate haiM ki jaise veda ke eka aMza mantra - zrAyurveda Adi yathArtha hone se pramANa haiM vaise hI bAkI ke anya aMza bhI samAna prAptapraNIta hone se pramANa haiM - " mantrAyurvedaprAmANyAcca tatprAmANyaM prAptaprAmANyAt / " - nyAyasU0 2.1.66 / A0 hemacandra ne AgamaprAmANya ke samarthana meM akSapAda kI hI yukti kA anugamana kiyA hai para unhoMne mantra - Ayurveda ko dRSTAnta na banAkara vividhakAryasAdhaka jyotiSa gaNita zAstra ko hI dRSTAnta rakkhA hai / jaina AcAryoM kA mantra Ayurveda kI apekSA jyotiSa zAstra kI ora vizeSa kA itihAsa meM jo dekhA jAtA hai usake prA0 hemacandra apavAda nahIM haiM / yaha jhukAva prAcIna samaya meM bhI kaisA thA isakA eka namUnA hameM dharmakIrtti ke 30 grantha meM bhI prApya hai / dharmakIrtti ke pUrvakAlIna yA samakAlIna jaina tIrthakaroM meM sarvajJatva kA samarthana jyotiSazAstra ke upadezakatva hetu se kA jaina dharmI ne jaina paramparA meM se lekara khaNDita yA AcArya apane pUjya karate the isa matalaba dUSita kiyA hai- "atra 1 prameyaka0 pR0 38 B-xx B

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bhASATippaNAni / vaidhamryodAharaNam-ya: sarvajJa prApto vA sa jyotirjJAnAdikamupadiSTavAn tadyathA RSabhavarddha'mAnAdiriti / " kyAyaci0 3. 131 / isakA aitihAsika aMza aneka dRSTi se jaina paramparA aura bhAratIya darzanoM kI paramparA para prakAza DAlanevAlA hai / pR0 6. paM0 16. 'arthopalabdhihetu:'1-prA0 hemacandra ne pramANasAmAnya ke lakSaNa kA vicAra samApta karate hue darzanaprasiddha khaNDanapraNAlI ke anusAra kevala nyAya- bauddha paramparA ke 5 tIna hI lakSaNavAkyoM kA nirAsa kiyA hai / pahile aura dUsare meM nyAyamaJjarI aura nyAyasAra ke mantavya kI samIkSA hai| tIsare meM dharmakIrti ke mata kI samIkSA hai jisameM zAntarakSita ke vicAra kI samIkSA bhI A jAtI hai / nyAyabhA0 2. 1.12 / carakasaM0 pR0 266 / tulanA - 'upalabdhihetuzca pramANam / " pR0 6. paM0 18 atha kartR karmAdi'" - tulanA - " apare punarAcakSate - sAmagrI nAma samudi- 10 tAni kArakANi teSAM dvairUpyamahRdayaGgamam, atha ca tAni pRthagavasthitAni karmAdibhAvaM bhajante / atha ca tAnyeva samuditAni karaNobhavantoti ko'yaM nayaH / tasmAt kartRkarmavyatiriktamavyabhi cArAdivizeSaNa kArthapramAjanakaM kArakaM karaNamucyate / tadeva ca tRtIyayA vyapadizanti / .... tasmAt kartRkarmavilakSaNA saMzayaviparyayarahitArthabodhavidhAyinI bodhAbodhasvabhAvA sAmagrI pramANamiti yuktam / " nyAyama0 pR0 14-15 / pR0 7. paM0 7. 1 pR0 6. paM0 27 'sAMvyavahArika' - tulanA - " sAMvyavahArikasyedaM pramANasya lakSaNam, 'pramANamavisaMvAdi jJAnam' iti / " - tattvasaM0 pa0 kA0 2681, 2682 / pR0 paM0 28 'uttarakAlabhAvinA ' - tulanA - " nanu ca yadyavikalpakaM pratyakSaM kathaM tena vyavahAraH, tathAhi idaM sukhasAdhanaM idaM duHkhasyeti yadi nizcinoti tadA tayeAH prAptiparihArAya pravartate - " vikalpamapi jJAnaM vikalpotpattizaktimat / niHzeSavyavahArAGga taddvAreNa bhavatyataH // 18 15 tadvAreNeti / vikalpadvAreNAvikalpakamapi nizcaya hetutvena sakalavyavahArAGga bhavati / tathAhi pratyakSaM kalpanApoDhamapi sajAtIyavijAtIyavyAvRttamanalAdikamarthaM tadAkAranirbhAsAtpattita: paricchindadutpadyate / tacca niyatarUpavyavasthitavastuprAhitvAdvijAtIyavyAvRttavastvAkA- 25 rAnugatatvAcca tatraiva vastuni vidhipratiSedhAvAvirbhAvayati-analo'yaM nAsau kusumastabakAdiriti / tayozca vikalpayeoH pAramparyeNa vastuni pratibandhAda [vi] saMvAditve'pi na prAmANyamiSTam / dRzyavikalpyayeorekatvAdhyavasAyena pravRtteranadhigatavasturUpAdhigamAbhAvAt / " - tattvasaM 0 pa0 kA0 1306 / 20 zra0 1 0 1 sU0 8-10 pR0 7. jaina paraMparA meM jJAna carcA do prakAra se hai- pahalI prAgamika vibhAgAzrita aura dUsarI tArkikavibhAgAzrita / jisameM mati, zruta Adi rUpa se 30 vibhAga karake carcA hai vaha AgamikavibhAgAzrita aura jisameM pratyakSa prAdirUpa se pramANoM kA

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pramANamImAMsAyA: [pR. 7. paM07vibhAga karake carcA hai vaha taarkikvibhaagaashrit| pahalI carcA kA amizrita udAharaNa hai Avazyaka niyukti aura dUsarI carcA kA amizrita udAharaNa hai nyaayaavtaar| jaina paraMparA meM prAcIna aura maulika carcA to prAgamikavibhAgAzrita hI hai| tArkikavibhAgAzrita carcA jaina paraMparA meM kaba aura kisane sarvaprathama dAkhila kI, ise nizcitarUpa se 5 kahanA abhI saMbhava nhiiN| sthAnAGga aura bhagavatI ye donoM gaNadharakRta samajhe jAnevAle gyAraha aGgoM meM se haiM aura prAcIna bhI avazya haiN| unameM yadyapi tArkika vibhAga kA nirdeza spaSTa hai tathApi yaha mAnane meM koI virodha nahIM dIkhatA ki sthAnAGga-bhagavatI meM vaha tArkika vibhAga niyuktikAra bhadrabAhu ke bAda hI kabhI dAkhila huA hai kyoMki Avazyakaniyukti jo bhadra bAhukRta mAnI jAtI hai aura jisakA prArambha hI jJAnacarcA se hotA hai usameM Agamika vibhAga 10 hai para tArkika vibhAga kA sUcana taka nahIM hai| jAna par3atA hai niyukti ke samaya taka jaina AcArya yadyapi jJAnacarcA karate to the Agamika vibhAga ke dvArA hI, phira bhI ve darzanAntarapratiSThita pramANacarcA se bilakula anabhijJa na the| itanA hI nahIM balki prasaGga dekhakara ve darzanAntarIya pramANazailI kA upayoga evaM usameM saMzodhana bhI kara lete the| ataeva usI bhadrabAhu kI kRti mAnI jAnevAlI dazavaikAlika niyukti meM hama parArthAnumAna kI carcA pAte haiM 15 jo avayavAMza meM ( gA0 50 ) darzanAntara kI parArthAnumAnazailI se anokhI hai| ___ jAna par3atA hai sabase pahile pAryarakSita ne, jo janma se brAhmaNa the aura vaidika zAstroM kA abhyAsa karane ke bAda hI jaina sAdhu hue the, apane grantha anuyogadvAra ( pR0 211 ) meM pratyakSa, anumAnAdi cAra pramANoM kA vibhAga jo gautamadarzana ( nyAyasU0 1.1.3 ) meM prasiddha hai, usako dAkhila kiyaa| umAsvAti ne apane tattvArthasUtra ( 1. 10-12 ) meM pratyakSa-parokSa. 20 rUpa se jisa pramANadvayavibhAga kA nirdeza kiyA hai vaha khuda umAsvAtikataka hai yA kisI anya prAcArya ke dvArA nirmita huA hai isa viSaya meM kucha bhI nizcita kahA nahIM jA sktaa| jAna par3atA hai pAgama kI saMkalanA ke samaya pramANacatuSTaya aura pramANadvayavAle donoM vibhAga sthAnAGga tathA bhagavatI meM dAkhila ho gye| Agama meM donoM vibhAgoM ke saMniviSTa ho jAne para bhI jaina prAcAryoM kI mukhya vicAradizA pramANadvayavibhAga kI ora 25 hI rahI hai| isakA kAraNa spaSTa hai aura vaha yaha ki pramANacatuSTayavibhAga asala meM nyAya darzana kA hI hai, ataeva umAsvAti ne use 'nayavAdAntareNa' ( tattvArthabhA0 1.6 ) kahA hai jaba ki pramANadvayavibhAga jainAcAryoM kA svopajJa hai| isI se sabhI jaina tarkagranthoM meM usI vibhAga ko lekara pramANa carcA va jJAna carcA kI gaI hai| prA0 hemacandra ne bhI isI sababa se usI pramANadvayavibhAga ko apanAyA hai| 1 "duvihe nANe paeNatte-taMjahA-paccakkhe ceva parokkhe ceva / " sthA0 2. pR0 46 A. "ahavA heU cauvihe paM0 20 paccakkhe, aNumANe, aovamme, aagme|"-sthaa0 4. pR0 254 A. "se kitaM pamANe ? / pamANe cauvihe paeNatte, taM jahA-paccakkhe............jahA aNuaogadAre tahA nneyvv|"bhg0sh05. u03. bhAga 2. pR0211|

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21 pR0 7. paM0 7.] bhASATippaNAni / 'nyAya-vaizeSika Adi tarkapradhAna vaidika darzanoM ke prabhAva ke kAraNa bauddha bhikSu to pahile hI se apanI piTakocita mUla maryAdA ke bAhara vAdabhUmi aura taducita tarka-pramANavAda kI ora jhuka hI gaye the| kramaza: jaina bhikSu bhI vaidika aura bauddhadarzana ke tarkavAda ke asara se barI na raha sake ataeva jaina prAcAryoM ne jaina paramparA meM jJAnavibhAga kI bhUmikA ke Upara pramANavibhAga kI sthApanA kI aura prativAdI vidvAnoM ke sAtha usI pramANavibhAga ko lekara goSThI yA carcA karane lge| AryarakSita ne pratyakSa-anumAna AdirUpa se caturvidha pramANavibhAga darzAte samaya pratyakSa ke varNana meM ( pR0 211 ) indriyapratyakSarUpa matijJAna kA aura AgamapramANa ke varNana meM zrutajJAna kA spaSTa samAveza sUcita kara hI diyA thA phira bhI Agamika-tArkika jaina AcAryoM ke sAmane barAbara eka prazna AyA hI karatA thA ki anumAna, upamAna, arthApatti Adi darzanAntaraprasiddha pramANoM ko jainajJAnaprakriyA mAnatI hai 10 yA nahIM ? / agara mAnatI hai to unakA svatantra nirUpaNa yA samAveza usameM spaSTa kyoM nahIM pAyA jAtA ? / isakA javAba jahA~ taka mAlUma hai sabase pahile umAsvAti ne diyA hai (tattvArthabhA0 1.12 ) ki ve anumAnAdi darzanAntarIya sabhI pramANa mati, zruta jinheM hama parokSa pramANa kahate haiM usI meM antarbhUta haiN| umAsvAti ke isI javAba kA akSarazaH anusaraNa pUjyapAda ne ( sarvArthasi0 1.12 ) kiyA hai| para usameM koI nayA vicAra yA vizeSa spaSTatA 15 nahIM kii| caturvidha pramANavibhAga kI apekSA dvividha pramANa vibhAga jaina prakriyA meM vizeSa pratiSThA pA cukA thA aura yaha huA bhI yogya / ataeva nandosUtra meM usI dvividha pramANavibhAga ko lekara jJAnacarcA vizeSa vistAra se huii| nandokAra ne apanI jJAnacarcA kI bhUmikA to racI dvividha pramANavibhAga para, phira bhI unhoMne AryarakSita ke caturvidha pramANa- 20 vibhAgAzrita varNana meM se mukhyatayA do tattva lekara apanI carcA kii| inameM se pahilA tattva to yaha hai ki loka jisa indriyajanya jJAna ko pratyakSa samajhate va kahate haiM aura jise jainetara sabhI tArkikoM ne pratyakSa pramANa ho mAnA hai, usako jaina prakriyA meM bhI pratyakSa pramANa kahakara pratyakSa pramANa ke do bheda kara diye ( nandIsU0 3) jisase eka meM umAsvAtikathita avadhi Adi mukhya pramANa rahe aura dUsare meM indriyajanya jJAna bhI pratyakSa rUpa se rhe| 25 dUsarA tattva yaha hai ki jise darzanAntara Agama pramANa kahate haiM vaha vastutaH zrutajJAna hI hai aura parokSa pramANa meM samAviSTa hai| yadyapi Agamika jJAnacarcA calatI rahI phira bhI jaina vicAraprakriyA meM tArkikatA bala pakar3ane lgii| isI kA phala nyAyAvatAra hai| usameM dvividha pramANavibhAga lekara tArkika zailI se jJAna kA nirUpaNa hai| usakA mukhya uddezya jaina prakriyAnusArI anumAna-nyAya 30 ko batalAnA-yaha hai| hama dekhate haiM ki nyAyAvatAra meM parokSapramANa ke bhedoM ke varNana ne hI mukhya jagaha rokI hai phira bhI usameM yaha nahIM kahA hai ki jaina prakriyA parokSapramANa ke amuka aura itane hI bheda mAnatI hai jaisA ki Age jA kara anya AcAryoM ne kahA hai|

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 7. paM07jinabhadra kSamAzramaNa ne apane prati vistRta bhASya meM dvividha pramANa vibhAga meM Agamika paJca jJAnavibhAga kA tarkapuraHsara samAveza batalAyA aura prAryarakSitasthApita tathA nandokAra dvArA svIkRta indriyajanya-nAindriyajanya rUpa se dvividha pratyakSa ke varNana meM AnevAle usa virodha kA sAMvyavahArika aura pAramArthika pratyakSa aisA nAma dekara sabase pahale parihAra 5 kiyA-"iMdiyamaNobhavaM jaM taM saMvavahArapaccakkhaM |"-vishessaa0 bhA0 gA0 65-jise prativAdI tArkika jaina tArkikoM ke sAmane upasthita kiyA karate the| virodha isa taraha batalAyA jAtA thA ki jaba jainadarzana akSa-AtmAzrita jJAna ko hI pratyakSa kahatA hai taba usakI prakriyA meM indriyAzrita jJAna kA pratyakSarUpa se sthAna pAnA viruddha hai| kSamAzramaNajI ne yaha saba kucha kiyA phira bhI unhoMne kahIM yaha nahIM batalAyA ki jaina prakriyA parokSa pramANa ke itane bheda 10 mAnatI hai aura ve amuka haiN| isa taraha abhI taka jaina paraMparA meM Agamika jJAnacarcA ke sAtha hI sAtha, para kucha pradhAnatA se pramANa carcA ho rahI thI, phira bhI jaina tArkikoM ke sAmane dUsare prativAdiyoM kI ora se yaha prazna bArabAra AtA hI thA ki jaina prakriyA agara anumAna, Agama Adi darzanAntara-prasiddha pramANoM ko parokSa pramANarUpa se svIkAra karatI hai to use yaha spaSTa karanA 16 Avazyaka hai ki vaha parokSa pramANa ke kitane bheda mAnatI hai, aura haraeka bheda kA sunizcita lakSaNa kyA hai ? / jahA~ taka dekhA hai usake AdhAra se ni:saMdeha kahA jA sakatA hai ki ukta prazna kA javAba sabase pahile bhaTTAraka akalaGka ne diyA hai| aura vaha bahuta hI spaSTa tathA sunizcita hai| akalaGka ne apanI laghoyastrayo? meM batalAyA ki parokSa pramANa ke anumAna, pratyabhijJAna, 20 smaraNa, tarka aura Agama aise pA~ca bheda haiN| unhoMne ina bhedoM kA lakSaNa bhI spaSTa bA~dha diyaa| hama dekhate haiM ki akalaGka ke isa spaSTIkaraNa ne jaina prakriyA meM Agamika aura tArkika jJAna carcA meM bArabAra khar3I honevAlI saba samasyAoM ko sulajhA diyaa| isakA phala yaha huA ki akalaGka ke uttaravartI digambara zvetAmbara sabhI tArkika usI akalaGkadarzita rAste para hI calane lge| aura unhIM ke zabdoM ko eka yA dUsare rUpa se lekara yatra tatra vikasita kara 25 apane apane choTe aura bRhatkAya granthoM ko likhane laga gye| jaina tArkikamUrdhanya yazo vijaya ne bhI usI mArga kA avalambana kiyA hai| yahA~ eka bAta jAna lenI cAhie ki jina akalaGka ne parokSa pramANa ke bheda aura unake lakSaNoM ke dvArA darzanAntaraprasiddha anumAna, arthApatti, upamAna Adi saba pramANoM kA jaina prakriyAnusArI nirUpaNa kiyA hai vahI akalaGka rAjavArtikakAra bhI haiM, para unhoMne apane vArttika meM darzanAntaraprasiddha una pramANoM kA 30 samAveza laghIyatrayI ke anusAra nahIM para tattvArthabhASya aura sarvArthasiddhi ke anusAra kiyA hai aisA kahanA hogaa| phira bhI ukta bhASya aura siddhi kI apekSA akalaGka ne apanA 1 "jJAnamAdya matissaMjJA cintA cAbhinibodhanam / prAGnAmayojanAccheSaM zrutaM zabdAnuyojanAt |"lghii0 3.1. svavi0 3.1 / 2"sUriNA-akalaGkana vArtikakAreNa"-siddhivi0 TI0 pR0 254 B.

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pR07. paM0 17.] bhASATippaNAni / . 23 samAvezaprakAra kucha dUsarA hI batalAyA hai ( rAjavA0 pR0 54) / akalaGka ne parokSa pramANa ke pA~ca bheda karate samaya yaha dhyAna avazya rakkhA hai ki jisase umAsvAti Adi pUrvAcAryoM kA samanvaya viruddha na ho jAya aura Agama tathA niyukti Adi meM matijJAna ke paryAyarUpa se prasiddha smRti, saJjA, cintA, abhinibodha ina zabdoM kI sArthakatA bhI siddha ho jAya / yahI kAraNa hai ki akalaGka kA yaha parokSa pramANa ke paMca prakAra tathA unake lakSaNa kathana kA / prayatna adyApi sakala jaina tArkikamAnya rhaa| A. hemacandra bhI apanI mImAMsA meM parokSa ke unhIM bhedoM ko mAnakara nirUpaNa karate haiN| pR0 7. paM0 10 'vaizeSikAH'-prazastapAda ne zAbda-upamAna Adi pramANoM ko anumAna meM hI samAviSTa kiyA hai| ataeva uttarakAlIna tArkiko 1 ne vaizeSikamatarUpa se pratyakSaanumAna do hI pramANoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai| svayaM kaNAda kA bhI "etena zAbdaM vyAkhyAtam"- 10 vaize0 sa0 6. 2.3-isa sUtra se vahI abhiprAya hai jo prazastapAda, zaGkaramizra Adi ne nikAlA hai| vidyAnanda Adi jainAcAryoM ne bhI vaizeSikasammata pramANadvitva kA hI nirdeza ( praNAmapa. pR0 66 ) kiyA hai taba prazna hotA hai ki-prA0 hemacandra vaizeSikamata se pramANatraya kA kathana kyoM karate haiM / isakA uttara yahI jAna par3atA hai ki-vaizeSikasammata pramANatritva kI paramparA bhI rahI hai jise mA0 hemacandra ne liyA aura pramANadvitvavAlI paramparA kA nirdeza 15 nahIM kiyaa| siddharSikRta nyAyAvatAravRtti meM (pR. 6) hama usa pramANatritvavAlI vaizeSika paramparA kA nirdeza pAte haiN| vAdideva ne to apane ratnAkara (pR0 313, 1041 ) meM vaizeSikasammatarUpa se dvitva aura tritva donoM pramANasaMkhyA kA nirdeza kiyA hai| pR0 7. paM0 11 'sAGa khyA:-tulanA-sAMkhyakA0 4 / pR0 7. paM0 11 ' naiyAyikAH' tulanA-nyAyasU0 1. 1. 3 / pR0 7. paM0 12 'prAbhAkarAH' tulanA-"tatra paJcavidhaM mAnam...iti gurormatam"prakaraNapa0 pR0 44. / pR0 7.50 12 ' bhATTAH'-tulanA-"ata: SaDeva pramANAni"-zAstrado0 pR. 246 / 20 pR0 7. paM0 17 'aznute'-pratyakSa zabda kI vyutpatti meM 'akSa' pada kA 'indriya' artha mAnane kI paramparA sabhI vaidika darzanoM tathA bauddha darzana meM eka sI hai| unameM se kisI darzana 25 meM 'akSa' zabda kA prAtmA artha mAnakara vyutpatti nahIM kI gaI hai| ataeva vaidika-bauddha darzana ke anusAra indriyAzrita jJAna hI pratyakSarUpa se phalita hotA hai| aura tadanusAra unako indriyAzrita pratyakSa mAne jAnevAle IzvarIya jJAna Adi ke viSaya meM pratyakSa kA prayoga upacarita hI mAmanA par3atA hai| 1 "zabdopamAnayona~va pRthak prAmANyamiSyate |"-muktaavlii kA0 140 /

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24 pramANamImAMsAyAH jaina paramparA' meM 'akSa' zabda kA 'AtmA' artha mAnakara vyutpatti kI gaI hai| tadanusAra usameM indriyanirapekSa kevala AtmAzrita mAne jAnevAle jJAnoM ko hI pratyakSa pada kA mukhya artha mAnA hai aura indriyAzrita jJAna ko vastutaH parokSa hI mAnA hai / usameM akSapada kA indriya artha lekara bhI vyutpatti kA AzrayaNa kiyA hai para vaha anyadarzana prasiddha 5 paramparA tathA lokavyavahAra ke saMgraha kI dRSTi se / ataeva jaina paramparA ke anusAra indri yAzrita jJAna meM pratyakSa pada kA prayoga mukhya nahIM para gauya hai / [ pR0 7. paM0 18 indriyasApekSa jJAna ko mukhya pratyakSa mAnanevAle hoM yA AtmamAtra sApekSa ko para ve sabhI pratyakSa ko sAkSAtkArAtmaka hI mAnate va kahate haiN| I pR0 7. 10 nyAyabhA0 1.1 3 / pR0 7. , paM0 21. 'cakAraH ' - tulanA - " cakAraH pratyakSAnumAnayostulyabalatvaM samuJcinAti" nyAyavi0 TI0 1. 3. nyAyA0 si0 TI0 pR0 16 / paM0 1. 'akSaM pratigatam ' - tulanA - " akSasyA'kSasya prativiSayaM vRttiH pratyakSam"" pratyakSamiti / pratigatamAzritamakSam / " - nyAyaci0 TI0 1.3 / pR0 7. paM0 23. 'jyeSThateti - pramANoM meM jyeSThatva - jyeSThatva ke viSaya meM tIna paramparAe~ haiM / nyAya aura sAMkhya paramparA meM pratyakSa kA jyeSThatva aura anumAnAdi kA usakI apekSA 15 jyeSThatva sthApita kiyA hai| pUrva - uttaramImAMsAra meM apauruSeya AgamavAda hone se pratyakSa kI apekSA bhI zrAgama kA jyeSThatva svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / bauddha paramparA meM pratyakSa-anumAna donoM kA samabalatva batalAyA hai / jaina paramparA meM do pakSa dekhe jAte haiM / akalaGka aura tadanugAmI vidyAnanda ne pratyakSa kA hI jyeSThatva nyAyaparamparA kI taraha mAnA aura sthApita kiyA hai, jaba ki sabhI 1 " aNoti vyApnoti jAnAtItyakSa AtmA, tameva prAptakSayopazamaM prakSINAvaraNa vA pratiniyataM vA pratyakSam / " - sarvArtha 0 1. 12 / "jIvo akkho atthavvAvaNabhoyaNaguNa Nizro jeNa / taM paI va nANa' jaM paccakkhaM tayaM tivihaM / " - vizeSA0 bhA0 gA0 86 / "tathA ca bhagavAn bhadrabAhuH - jIvo akkho taM paI jaM vaha taM tu hoi paccakkhaM / paratro purA akkhassa vaTTantaM hoi pArokkha ||" - nyAyA0 Ti0 pR0 15 / 2 " zrAdau pratyakSagrahaNa prAdhAnyAttatra kiM zabdasyAdAvupadezo bhavatu zrAhosvit pratyakSasyeti 1 / pratyakSasyeti yuktam / ki N kAraNam ? / sarvapramANAnAM pratyakSapUrvakatvAt iti / " - nyAyaSA0 1. 1. 3 / sAGkhyata0 kA0 5 / nyAyama0 pR0 65, 106 / 3" na ca jyeSThapramANapratyakSavirodhAdAmnAyasyaiva tadapekSasyAprAmANyamupacaritArthatvaM ceti yuktam / tasyApauruSeyatayA nirastasamasta deASAzaGkasya, bodhakatayA svataH siddhapramANabhAvasya svakArye prmitaavnpeksstvaat| " - bhAmatI pR0 6 / 4 "arthasaMvAdakatve ca samAne jyeSThatA'sya kA ? / tadabhAve tu naiva syAt pramANamanumAdikam ||"tattvasaM0 kA0 460 / nyAyabi0 TI0 1.3 / 5 zraSTaza0 aSTasa0 pR0 80 /

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pR0 8. paM0 20. .] bhASATippaNAni / 25 * zvetAmbara AcAryo ? ne pratyakSa-parokSa donoM kA samabalatva bauddha paramparA kI taraha svIkAra kiyA hai / pR0 7. paM0 26. 'vyavasthA' - isa sUtra meM cArvAka ke prati pramANAntara kI siddhi karate hue tIna yuktiyoM kA prayoga A0 hemacandra ne kiyA hai jo dharmakIrtti ke nAma se uddhRta kArikA meM spaSTa hai / vaha kArikA dharmakIrtti ke uttaravarttI sabhI bauddha, vaidika aura jaina 5 granthoM meM pAI jAtI hai 2 / 1 vRti meM tInoM yuktiyoM kA jo vivecana hai vaha siddharSi kI nyAyAvatAravRtti ke sAtha zabdazaH milatA hai / para tAtparyaTIkA aura sAMkhyatatvakaumudI ke vivecana ke sAtha usakA zabdasAdRzya hone para bhI arthasAdRzya hI mukhya hai / " sa hi kAzcit pratyakSavyaktIrarthakriyAsamarthArthaprApakatvenAvyabhicAriNIrupalabhyAmyA- 10 stadviparItatayA vyabhicAriNIzca tataH kAlAntare punarapi tAdRzetarANAM pratyakSavyaktInAM pramANatetarate samAcakSIta / " nyAyA0 si0 TI0 pR0 18 / "dRSTaprAmANyAprAmANyavijJAnavyaktisAdharmyeNa hi kAsAMcidvyaktInAM prAmANyamaprAmANyaM vA vidadhIta / dRSTasAdharmya cAnumAnameveti kathaM tenaiva tasyAprAmANyam / api cAnumAnamapramANamiti vAkyaprayogo'jJaM vipratipannaM sandigdhaM vA puruSaM pratyarthavAn, na ca para- 15 puruSavartinA dehadharmA api saMdehAjJAnaviparyAsA gauratvAdivat pratyakSA vocyante, na ca tadvacanAt pratIyante, vacanasyApi pratyakSAdanyasyAprAmANyopagamAt / puruSavizeSamanadhikRtya tu vacanamanakaM prayubjAneA nAyaM laukiko na parIkSaka ityunmattavadanavadheyavacanaH syAt / " - tAtparya 0 1.1.5 / "nAnumAnaM pramANamiti vadatA laukAyatikenA'pratipannaH sandigdho viparyastA vA puruSa: kathaM pratipadyeta ? | na ca puruSAntaragatA ajJAnasandehaviparyayA: zakyA avagTazA pratyakSeNa 20 pratipattum / nApi mAnAntareya, anabhyupagamAt / anavadhRtAjJAnasaMzayaviparyAsastu yaM kazcitpuruSaM prati pravartamAnA'navadheyavacanatayA prekSAvadbhirunmattavadupedayeta / tadanenAjJAnAdayaH parapuruSavartineA'bhiprAyabhedAdvacanabhedAdvA liGgAdanumAtavyAH, ityakAmenApyanumAnaM pramANamabhyupeyam / " - sAMkhyata0 kA05 | 08. paM0 20. 'arthasyA'saMbhave' - tulanA - tattvasaM0 paM0 pR0 775 / vidhivi0 nyAyaka0 pR0 163 | 2 siddhivi0 TI0 li0 pR0 155 A. aSTasa60 pR0 115 / sanmatiTI 0 pR017, 73, 555 / nyAyavi0 TI0 li0 pR0 6 A. 1 nyAyA0 si0 TI0 pR0 16 / syAdvAdara0 pR0 260 / 2 kandalI pR0 255 / pramANapa0 pR0 64 / 261 / nyAyasAratA0 pR0 88 / prameyaka0 pR0 46 // syAdvAdara0 pR0

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 6.50 26.. pR08. paM0 30. 'bhAvAbhAvA-prabhAvapramANa ke pRthak astitva kA vAda bahuta purAnA jAna par3atA hai kyoMki nyAyasUtra aura usake bAda ke sabhI dArzanika granthoM meM to usakA khaNDana pAyA hI jAtA hai para adhika prAcIna mAne jAnevAle kaNAdasUtra meM bhI prazastapAda kI vyAkhyA ke anusAra usake khaNDana kI sUcanA hai| vicAra karane se jAna par3atA hai ki yaha pRthaka abhAvapramANavAda mUla meM mImAMsaka paramparA kA hI honA cAhie / anya sabhI dArzanika paramparAe~ usa vAda ke viruddha haiN| zAyada isa virodha kA mImAMsaka paramparA para bhI asara par3A aura prabhAkara usa vAda se sammata na rahe / aisI sthiti meM bhI kumArila ne usa vAda ke samarthana meM bahuta z2ora lagAyA aura sabhI tatkAlIna virodhiyoM kA sAmanA kiyA / 10 prastuta sUtra ke vivecana kA nyAyAvatAraTokA (pR0 21 ) ke sAtha bahuta kucha zabdasAmya hai| a0 1. prA0 1 sU0 13-14. pR06. pratyakSa ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM sAmAnyarUpa se tIna paramparAe~ haiN| bauddha paramparA6 nirvikalpaka ko hI pratyakSa mAnatI hai| nyAyavaizeSika Adi vaidika paramparAe~ nirvikalpaka-savikalpaka donoM ko pratyakSa mAnatI haiN| jaina8 tArkika paramparA sAMkhya-yogaH darzana kI taraha pratyakSapramANarUpa se savikalpaka 15 ko hI svIkAra karatI hai| prA0 hemacandra ne usI paramparA ke anusAra nirvikalpaka ko anadhyavasAya kahakara pramANa sAmAnya kI koTi se hI bahibhUta rakkhA hai| yadyapi pratyakSa ke lakSaNa meM vizada yA sphuTa zabda kA prayoga karanevAle jaina tArkikoM meM sabase pahile akalaGka hI jAna par3ate haiM tathApi isa zabda kA mUla bauddha tarkapranthoM meM 1 nyaaysuu02.2.2| 2 "abhAvo'pi anumAnameva yathAtpanna kArya kAraNasabhIve liGgam evamanutpanna kArya kAraNA. sadbhAve liGgam |"-prsh0 pR0 225 / vai0 sU0 6. 2. 5 / 3 zAbarabhA0 1.1.5 / 4 "asti ceyaM prasiddhirmImAMsakAnAM SaSThaM kiledaM pramANamiti...keyaM tahiM prasiddhiH 1 / prasiddhivaMTayakSaprasiddhivat |"-bRhtii pR0 120 / "yadi tAvat kecinmImAMsakA: pramANAnyatvaM manyante tatazca vayaM ki kurmH|" bRhatIpa0 pR0 123 / prakaraNapa0 pR0 118-125 / 5 "abhAvo vA pramANena svAnurUpeNa mIyate / prameyatvAdyathA bhAvastasmAdbhAvAtmakAtpRthak // " zlokavA0 abhAva0 zlo0 55. / / 6 "pratyakSaM kalpanApoDaM nAmajAtyAdyasaMyutam |"-prmaanns0 1.3 / nyAyapra0 pR07 / nyAyabi0 1.4 / 7 "iha dvayI pratyakSajAtiH avikalpikA savikalpikA ceti / tatra ubhayI indriyArthasannikarSotpannaM zAnamavyabhicArIti lakSaNena saMgRhItApi svazabdena upAttA tatra viprtiptteH| tatra avikalpikAyAH padam avyapadezyamiti savikalpikAyAzca vyavasAyAtmakamiti |"-taatpry0 pR0.125| praza0 pR0 186-188 / 8 prameyaka0 1.3 / syAdvAdara0 1.7. / . 6 sAMkhyata0 kaa05| yogabhA01. 7. /

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pR0 10.50 14.) bhaassaattippnnaani| hai kyoMki akalaGka ke pUrvavartI dharmakIrti Adi bauddha tArkiko ne isakA prayoga pratyakSasvarUpanirUpaNa meM kiyA hai| akalaGka ke bAda to jaina paramparA meM bhI isakA prayoga rUr3ha ho gyaa| vaizadya kiMvA spaSTatva kA nirvacana tIna prakAra se pAyA jAtA hai| akalaGka ke-"anumAnAdyatirekeNa vizeSapratibhAsanam" ( laghI0 1. 4 )-nirvacana kA devasUri aura yazovijayajI ne anugamana kiyA hai| jainatarkavArttika meM (pR0 65) 'idantayA' athavA 'vizeSavattayA' pratibhAsa- 5 vAle eka hI nirvacana kA sUcana hai| mANikyanandI ne ( parIkSA mu0 2.4) 'pratItyantarA. vyavadhAna' aura 'vizeSapratibhAsa' donoM prakAra se vaizadya kA nirvacana kiyA hai jise A. hemacandra ne apanAyA hai| pR06. paM0 26. 'pratyakSaM dharmi-tulanA-"vizadajJAnAtmakaM pratyakSa pratyakSatvAta... dharmiNo hetutve'nanvayaprasaGga iti cet, na, vizeSaM dharmiNaM kRtvA sAmAnyaM hetu bruvatA doSA'- 10 saMbhavAta"-pramANapa0 pR0 67. prameyara0 2.3. a0 1. prA0 1. sU0 15-17. pR0 10. loka aura zAstra meM sarvajJa zabda kA upayoga, yogasiddha viziSTa atIndriya jJAna ke sambhava meM vidvAnoM aura sAdhAraNa logoM kI zraddhA, jude jude dArzanikoM ke dvArA apane apane mantavyAnusAra bhinna bhinna prakAra ke viziSTa jJAnarUpa artha meM sarvajJa jaise padoM ko lAgU karane kA prayatna aura sarvajJarUpa se mAne jAne. 15 vAle kisI vyakti ke dvArA hI mukhyatayA upadeza kiye gaye dharma yA siddhAnta kI anugAmiyoM meM vAstavika pratiSThA-itanI bAteM bhagavAna mahAvIra aura buddha ke pahile bhI thIM-isake pramANa maujUda haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra aura buddha ke samaya se lekara Aja taka ke karIba DhAI haz2Ara varSa ke bhAratIya sAhitya meM to sarvajJatva ke asti-nAstipakSoM kI, usake vividha svarUpa tathA samarthaka aura virodhI yuktivAdoM kI, kramaza: vikasita sUkSma aura sUkSmatara spaSTa evaM mano- 20 rujaka carcAe~ pAI jAtI haiN| sarvajJatva ke nAstipakSakAra mukhyatayA tIna haiM-cArvAka, ajJAnavAdI aura puurvmiimaask| usake astipakSakAra to aneka darzana haiM, jinameM nyAya-vaizeSika, sAMkhya-yoga, vedAnta, bauddha aura jaina darzana mukhya haiN| cArvAka indriyagamya bhautika lokamAtra ko mAnatA hai isalie usake mata meM atIndriya 25 prAtmA tathA usakI zaktirUpa sarvajJatva Adi ke lie koI sthAna hI nahIM hai| ajJAnavAdI kA abhiprAya mAdhunika vaijJAnikoM kI taraha aisA jAna par3atA hai ki jJAna aura atIndriya jJAna kI bhI eka antima sImA hotI hai| jJAna kitanA hI ucca kakSA kA kyoM na ho para vaha traikAlika sabhI sthUla-sUkSma bhAvoM ko pUrNa rUpa se jAnane meM svabhAva se hI asamartha hai| 1 "na vikalpAnubaddhasya spssttaarthprtibhaasitaa|"-prmaannvaa0 3. 283 / "pratyakSaM kalpanApoDaM vedyate'tiparisphuTam |"-tttvsN0 kA0 1234

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pramANamImAMsAyoH [pR0 10.10 14arthAt anta meM kucha na kucha ajJeya raha hI jAtA hai| kyoMki jJAna kI zakti hI svabhAva se parimita hai| vedavAdI pUrvamImAMsaka AtmA, punarjanma, paraloka Adi atIndriya padArtha mAnatA hai| kisI prakAra kA atIndriya jJAna hone meM bhI use koI Apatti nahIM phira bhI vaha apauruSeyavedavAdI hone ke kAraNa veda ke apauruSeyatva meM bAdhaka aise kisI bhI prakAra 5 ke atIndriya jJAna ko mAna nahIM sktaa| isI ekamAtra abhiprAya se usane veda-nirapekSa sAkSAt dharmajJa yA sarvajJa ke astitva kA virodha kiyA hai| veda dvArA dharmAdharma yA sarva padArtha jAnanevAle kA niSedha nahIM kiyaa| bauddha aura jaina darzanasammata sAkSAt dharmajJavAda yA sAkSAt sarvajJavAda se veda ke apauruSeyatva kA kevala nirAsa hI abhipreta nahIM hai balki usake dvArA vedoM meM aprAmANya 10 batalAkara vedabhinna bhAgoM kA prAmANya sthApita karanA bhI abhipreta hai| isake viruddha jo nyAya-vaizeSika Adi vaidika darzana sarvajJavAdI haiM unakA tAtparya sarvajJavAda ke dvArA veda ke apauruSeyatvavAda kA nirAsa karanA avazya hai, para sAtha hI usI vAda ke dvArA veda kA pauruSeyatva batalAkara usIkA prAmANyasthApana karanA bhI hai| nyAya-vaizeSika darzana IzvaravAdI haiN| ve Izvara ke jJAna ko nitya2- utpAda-vinAza15 rahita aura pUrNa-traikAlika sUkSma-sthUla samagra bhAvoM ko yugapat jAnanevAlA-mAnakara tadvArA use sarvajJa mAnate haiN| Izvarabhinna AtmAoM meM ve sarvajJatva mAnate haiM sahI, para sabhI AtmAoM meM nahIM kintu yogI AtmAoM meN| yogiyoM meM bhI sabhI yogiyoM ko ve sarvajJa nahIM mAnate kintu jinhoMne yoga dvArA vaisA sAmarthya prApta kiyA ho sirpha unhIM ko 3 / nyAya-vaizeSika matAnusAra yaha niyama nahIM ki sabhI yogiyoM ko vaisA sAmarthya avazya prApta ho| isa mata meM 20 jaise mokSa ke vAste sarvajJatvaprApti anivArya zarta nahIM hai vaise yaha bhI siddhAnta hai ki mokSa 1 "codanA hi bhUtaM bhavantaM bhaviSyantaM sUkSmaM vyavahitaM viprakRSTamityevaMjAtIyakamarthaM zaknotyavagamayitum, nAnyat kiJcanendriyam"-zAbarabhA0 1.1.2 / "nAnena vacaneneha sarvajJatvanirAkriyA / vacanAdRta ityevamapavAdA hi sNshritH|| yadi SaDbhiH pramANaiH syAt sarvajJaH kena vAryate / ekena tu pramANena sarvazo yena kalpyate // nUnaM sa cakSuSA sarvAn rasAdIn pratipadyate / " zlokavA0 coda0 zlo0 110-2 / "dharmajJatvaniSedhazca kevalo'tropayujyate / sarvamanyadvilAnaMstu puruSaH kena vAryate ||"-tttvsN0 kA0 3128 / yaha zloka tattvasaMgraha meM kumArila kA kahA gayA hai pR0844 / 2"naca buddhIcchAprayatnAnAM nityatve kshcidvirodhH| dRSTA hi guNAnAmAzrayabhedena dvayI gatiH nityatA anityatA ca tathA buddhayAdInAmapi bhaviSyatIti |"--kndlii pR060| "etAdRzAnumitI lAghavajJAnasahakAreNa jJAnecchAkRtiSu nityatvamekatvaM ca bhAsate iti nityaiktvsiddhiH|"-dinkrii pR026 / 3 vai0 sU0 6. 1.11-13 / "asmadviziSTAnAM tu yoginAM yuktAnAM yogajadharmAnugRhItena manasA svAtmAntarAkAzadikkAlaparamANuvAyumanassu tatsamavetaguNakarmasAmAnyavizeSeSu samavAye cAvitayaM svruupdrshnmutpdyte| viyuktAnAM punazcatuSTayasannikarSAdyogajadharmAnugrahasAmarthyAt sUkSmavyavahitaviprakRSTeSu prtykssmutpdyte|"-prsh0 pR0 187 / vai0 sU06.1.11-13 / / 4"tadevaM dhiSaNAdInAM navAnAmapi muultH| guNAnAmAtmano dhvaMsa: so'pavargaH prakIrtitaH // " nyAyama0 pR0 508. /

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pR0 10.50 14.] bhASATippaNAni / . 26 prApti ke bAda sarvajJa yogiyoM kI AtmA meM bhI pUrNa jJAna zeSa nahIM rahatA, kyoMki vaha jJAna IzvarajJAna kI taraha nitya nahIM para yogajanya hone se anitya hai| sAMkhya, yoga aura vedAnta darzanasammata sarvajJatva kA svarUpa vaisA hI hai jaisA nyAyavaizeSikasammata sarvajJatva kaa| yadyapi yogadarzana nyAya-vaizeSika kI taraha Izvara mAnatA hai tathApi vaha nyAya-vaizeSika kI taraha cetana prAtmA meM sarvajJatva kA samarthana na kara sakane ke 5 kAraNa viziSTa buddhitattvara meM hI IzvarIya sarvajJatva kA samarthana kara pAtA hai| sAMkhya, yoga aura vedAnta meM bauddhika sarvajJatva kI prApti bhI mokSa ke vAste anivArya3 vastu nahIM hai, jaisA ki jaina darzana meM mAnA jAtA hai| kintu nyAya-vaizeSika darzana kI taraha vaha eka yogavibhUti mAtra hone se kisI-kisI sAdhaka ko hotI hai| ____ sarvajJavAda se sambandha rakhanevAle haz2AroM varSa ke bhAratIya darzanazAstra dekhane para bhI 10 yaha patA spaSTarUpa se nahIM calatA ki amuka darzana hI sarvajJavAda kA prasthApaka hai| yaha bhI nizcayarUpa se kahanA kaThina hai ki sarvajJatva kI carcA zuddha tatvacintana meM se phalita huI hai, yA sAmpradAyika bhAva se dhArmika khaNDana-maNDana meM se phalita huI hai / yaha bhI sapramANa batalAnA sambhava nahIM ki Izvara, brahmA Adi divya AtmAoM meM mAne jAnevAle sarvajJatva ke vicAra se mAnuSika sarvajJatva kA vicAra prastuta huA, yA buddha-mahAvIrasadRza manuSya meM 15 mAne jAnevAle sarvajJatva ke vicAra-Andolana se Izvara, brahmA Adi meM sarvajJatva kA samarthana kiyA jAne lagA, yA deva-manuSya ubhaya meM sarvajJatva mAne jAne kA vicArapravAha paraspara nirapekSa rUpa se pracalita huA ? / yaha saba kucha hote hue bhI sAmAnyarUpa se itanA kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha carcA dharma-sampradAyoM ke khaNDana-maNDana meM se phalita huI hai aura pIche se usane tattvajJAna kA rUpa dhAraNa karake tAttvika cintana meM bhI sthAna pAyA hai| aura vaha taTastha 20 tattvacintakoM kA vicAraNIya viSaya bana gaI hai| kyoMki mImAMsaka jaise purAtana aura prabala vaidika darzana ke sarvajJatva sambandhI asvIkAra aura zeSa sabhI vaidika darzanoM ke sarvajJatva sambandhI svIkAra kA eka mAtra mukhya uddezya yahI hai ki veda kA prAmANya sthApita karanA jaba ki jaina, bauddha Adi manuSya-sarvajJatvavAdI darzanoM kA eka yaho uddeza hai ki paramparA se mAne jAnevAle vedaprAmANya ke sthAna meM itara zAstroM kA prAmANya sthApita karanA aura vedoM kA aprAmANya / 25 jaba ki veda kA prAmANya-aprAmANya hI asarvajJavAda, deva-sarvajJavAda aura manuSya-sarvajJavAda kI carcA aura usakI dalIloM kA ekamAtra mukhya viSaya hai taba dharma-saMpradAya ko isa tattva. carcA kA utthAnabIja mAnane meM sandeha ko kama se kama avakAza hai| 1 "tArakaM sarvaviSayaM sarvathA viSayamakramaM ceti vivekajaM jJAnam ||"-yogsuu0 3. 54 / 2 "nirdhatarajastamomalasya buddhisattvasya pare vaizAradye parasyAM vazIkArasaMjJAyAM vartamAnasya sattvapuruSAnyatAkhyAtimAtrarUpapratiSThasya...sarvajJAtRtvam , sarvAtmanAM guNAnAM zAntoditAvyapadezyadharmatvena vyavasthitAnAmakramopArUDhaM vivekajaM shaanmityrthH|"-yogbhaa0 3.46 / 3."prAptavivekajajJAnasya aprAptavivekajajJAnasya vA sattvapuruSayoH zuddhisAmye kaivalyamiti / "-- yogasU0 3. 55 /

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [ pR0 10. paM014mImAMsakadhurINa kumArila ne dharmajJa aura sarvajJa donoM vAdoM kA nirAkaraNa bar3e prAveza aura yuktivAda se kiyA hai (mImAMsAzlo0 sU0 2. zlo0 110 se 143 ) vaise hI bauddhapravara zAntarakSita ne usakA javAba ukta donoM vAdoM ke samarthana ke dvArA bar3I gambhIratA aura spaSTatA se diyA hai ( tattvasaM0 pR0 846 se ) / isalie yahA~ para eka aitihAsika prazna hotA hai ki kyA 5 dharmajJa aura sarvajJa donoM vAda alaga-alaga sampradAyoM meM apane-apane yuktibala para sthira hoMge. yA kisI eka vAda meM se dUsare vAda kA janma huA hai| abhI taka ke cintana se yaha jAna par3atA hai ki dharmajJa aura sarvajJa donoM vAdoM kI paramparA mUla meM alaga-alaga hI hai| bauddha sampradAya dharmajJavAda kI paramparA kA avalambI khAsa rahA hogA kyoMki khuda buddha ne ( majjhima0 cUla-mAlukyaputtasutta 2.1 ) apane ko sarvajJa usI artha meM kahA hai jisa 10 artha meM dharmajJa yA mArgajJa zabda kA prayoga hotA hai| buddha ke vAste dharmazAstA, dharmadezaka Adi vizeSaNa piTakagranthoM meM prasiddha haiN| dharmakIrti ne buddha meM sarvajJatva ko anupayogI batAkara kevala dharmajJatva hI sthApita kiyA hai, jaba ki zAntarakSita ne prathama dharmajJatva siddhakara gauNarUpa se sarvajJatva ko bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| - sarvajJavAda kI paramparA kA avalambI mukhyatayA jaina sampradAya hI jAna par3atA hai kyoMki 15 jaina AcAryoM ne prathama se hI apane tIrthakaroM meM sarvajJatva ko mAnA aura sthApita kiyA hai| aisA sambhava hai ki jaba jainoM ke dvArA prabalarUpa se sarvajJatva kI sthApanA aura pratiSThA hone lagI taba bauddhoM ke vAste buddha meM sarvajJatva kA samarthana karanA bhI anivArya aura prAvazyaka ho gyaa| yahI sababa hai ki bauddha tArkika granthoM meM dharmajJavAdasamarthana ke bAda sarvajJavAda kA samarthana hone para bhI usameM vaha z2ora aura ekatAnatA nahIM hai, jaisI ki jaina tArkika pranthoM meM hai| 20 mImAMsaka ( zlo0 sU0 2. zlo0 110-143. tattvasaM0 kA0 3124-3246 pUrvapakSa ) kA mAnanA hai ki yAgAdi ke pratipAdana aura usake dvArA dharmAdharmAdi kA, kisI puruSavizeSa 1 " heyopAdeyatattvasya sAbhyupAyasya vedkH| yaH pramANamasAviSTo na tu sarvasya vedakaH // dUraM pazyatu vA mA vA tattvamiSTaM tu pazyatu / " pramANavA02. 32.33 / 2 "svargApavargasamprAptihetujJo'stIti gmyte| sAkSAnna kevalaM kintu sarvazo'pi pratIyate ||"-tttvsN. kA0 3306 / "mukhyaM hi tAvat svargamokSasamprApakahetuzatvasAdhanaM bhagavato'smAbhiH kriyate / yatpunaH azeSArtha tvasAdhanamasya tat prAsaGgikamanyatrApi bhagavato jJAnapravRtteH bAdhakapramANAbhAvAt sAkSAdazeSArthaparijJAnAt sarvajJo bhavan na kenacid bAdhyate iti, ato na prekSAvatAM tatpratikSepo yuktH|"-tttvsN0 pa0 pR0863| 3"se bhagava arahaM jiNe kevalI savvannU savvabhAvadarisI sadevamaNuyAsurassa logassa pajjAe jANai, taM. AgaI gaI ThiicayaNaM uvavAyaM bhuttaM pIyaM kaDaM paDiseviyaM zrAvikammaM rahokaramaM laviya kahiya maNomANasiyaM savvaloe savvajIvANaM savvabhAvAiM jANamANe pAsamANe evaM ca NaM vihrh|" prAcA0 zra02. ca03. pR0425 A. "taM natthi jaMna pAsaha bhUyaM bhavvaM bhavissaM ca"-Ava0ni0 gA0 127 / bhaga0 za06. u0 32 / "sUkSmAntaritadUrArthAH pratyakSAH ksycidythaa| anumeyatvato'gnyAdiriti srvsNsthitiH||"-shraaptmii0 kaa05|| 4 "yaiH svecchAsarvajJo varNyate tanmatenApyasau na virudhyate ityAdarzayannAha yadyadityAdi-yadyadicchati boddhu vA tattadvetti niyogtH| zaktirevaMvidhA tasya prahINAvaraNo hyasau ||"-tttvsN0 kA0 3628 / mili0,3. 6.2 /

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31 pR0 10. paM0 14.] bhaassaattippnnaani| kI apekSA rakkhe binA hI, svatantra vidhAna karanA yahI veda kA kArya hai| isI siddhAnta ko sthira rakhane ke vAste kumArila ne kahA hai ki koI bhale hI dharmAdharmabhinna anya saba vastu sAkSAt jAna sake para dharmAdharma ko vedanirapekSa hokara koI sAkSAt nahIM jAna sakatA?, cAhe vaha jAnanevAlA buddha, jina Adi jaisA manuSya yogI ho, cAhe vaha brahmA, viSNu Adi jaisA deva ho, cAhe vaha kapila, prajApati Adi jaisA RSi yA avatArI ho| kumArila kA 5 kahanA hai ki sarvatra sarvadA dharmamaryAdA eka sI hai, jo sadA sarvatra ekarUpa veda dvArA vihita mAnane para hI saGgata ho sakatI hai| buddha Adi vyaktiyoM ko dharma ke sAkSAt pratipAdaka mAnane para vaisI maryAdA siddha ho nahIM sakatI kyoMki buddha Adi upadezaka kabhI nirvANa pAne para nahIM bhI rahate / jIvitadazA meM bhI ve saba kSetroM meM pahu~ca nahIM skte| saba dharmopadezako kI ekavAkyatA bhI sambhava nhiiN| isa taraha kumArila sAkSAt dharmajJatva kA niSedhara karake 10 phira sarvajJatva kA bhI saba meM niSedha karate haiN| vaha purANokta brahmAdi devoM ke sarvajJatva kA artha bhI, jaisA upaniSadoM meM dekhA jAtA hai, kevala AtmajJAna paraka karate haiN| buddha, mahA-. vIra Adi ke bAre meM kumArila kA yaha bhI kathana4 hai ki ve vedajJa brAhmaNa jAti ko dharmo. padeza na karane aura vedavihIna mUrkha zUdra Adi ko dharmopadeza karane ke kAraNa vedAbhyAsI evaM veda dvArA dharmajJa bhI nahIM the| buddha, mahAvIra Adi meM sarvajJatvaniSedha kI eka prabala yukti 15 kumArila ne yaha dI hai ki parasparaviruddhabhASI buddha, mahAvIra, kapila Adi meM se kise sarvajJa mAnA jAya aura kise na mAnA jAya ? / ataeva unameM se koI sarvajJa nahIM hai| yadi ve sarvajJa hote to sabhI vedavat aviruddhabhASI hote, ityaadi| . 1 "nahi atIndriyArthe vacanamantareNa avagatiH sambhavati, tadidamuktam-azakyaM hi tat puruSeNa jJAtumRte vacanAt" --zAbarabhA0 1. 1. 2 / zlo0 nyAya0 pR0 76 / 2 "kuDyAdiniHsRtatvAca nAzvAso dezanAsu nH| kinnu buddhapraNItAH syuH kimu kazcid durAtmabhiH / adRzyaiH vipralambhArtha pishaacaadibhiriiritaaH| evaM yaiH kevalaM jnyaanmindriyaadynpkssinnH| sUkSmAtItAdiviSayaM jovasya parikalpitam // " -zlAkavA0 sU0 2. zlo0 136-41 / "yattu vedavAdibhireva kaizciduktamnitya evA'yaM vedaH prajApateH prathamamArSajJAnenAvabuddho bhavatIti tadapi sarvajJavadeva nirAkAryamityAha-nityeti"zlo0 nyAya0 sU0 2. 143 / "prathApi vedadehatvAt brhmvissnnumheshvraaH| sarvajJAnamayAdvedAtsArvajyaM mAnuSasya kim ||"-tttvsN0 kA0 3208, 3213-14 / 3 "jJAnaM vairAgyamaizvaryamiti yopi dazAvyayaH / zaGkaraH zrUyate seA'pi jJAnavAnAtmavittayA ||"tttvsN0 kA0 3206 / 4 "zAkyAdivacanAni tu katipayadamadAnAdivacanavarja sarvANyeva samastacaturdazavidyAsthAnaviruddhAni trayomArgabyusthitaviruddhAcaraNaizca buddhAdibhiH praNItAni / trayIbAhya bhyazcaturthavarNaniravasitaprAyebhyo vyAmU. DhebhyaH samarpitAnIti na vedamUlatvena saMbhAvyante |"-tntrvaa0 pR0 116 / tattva-saM0 kA0 3226-27 / 5 "sarvajJaSu ca bhUyaHsu viruddhaarthopdeshissu| tulyahetuSu sarveSu ko nAmaiko'vadhAryatAm // sugato yadi sarvajJa: kapilo neti kA prmaa| athobhAvapi sarvajJau matabhedaH tayoH katham ||"-tttvsN0 kA0 3148-46 //

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [ pR0 10. paM014 zAntarakSita ne kumArila tathA anya sAmaTa, yajJaTa Adi mImAMsakoM kI dalIloM kA bar3o sUkSmatA se savistara khaNDana ( taravarsa 0 kA 0 3263 se ) karate hue kahA hai ki - veda svayaM hI bhrAnta evaM hiMsAdi doSayukta hone se dharmavidhAyaka ho nahIM sakatA / phira usakA zrAzraya lekara upadeza dene meM kyA vizeSatA hai ? / buddha ne svayaM hI svAnubhava se anukampAprerita 5 hokara abhyudaya niHzreyasasAdhaka dharma batalAyA hai / mUrkha zUdra Adi ko upadeza dekara to usane apanI karuNAvRtti ke dvArA dhArmikatA hI prakaTa kI hai / vaha mImAMsakoM se pUchatA hai ki jinheM tuma brAhmaNa kahate ho unakI brAhmaNatA kA nizcita pramANa kyA hai ? / pratItakAla bar3A lambA hai, striyoM kA mana bhI capala hai, isa dazA meM kauna kaha sakatA hai ki brAhmaNa kahalAnevAlI santAna ke mAtA-pitA zuddha brAhmaNa hI rahe hoM aura kabhI kisI vijAtIyatA kA 10 mizraNa huA na ho / zAntarakSita re ne yaha bhI kaha diyA ki sacce brAhmaNa aura zramaNa buddha zAsana ke sivAya anya kisI dharma meM nahIM haiM ( kA0 3586-62 ) / anta meM zAntarakSita ne pahile sAmAnyarUpa se sarvajJatva kA sambhava siddha kiyA hai, phira use mahAvIra, kapila Adi meM asambhava batalAkara kevala buddha meM hI siddha kiyA hai / isa vicArasaraNI meM zAntarakSita kI mukhya yukti yaha hai ki citta svayaM hI prabhAsvara ataeva svabhAva se prajJAzIla hai / 15 klezAvaraNa, jJeyAvaraNa Adi mala Agantuka haiN| nairAtmyadarzana jo eka mAtra sasyajJAna hai, usake dvArA AvaraNoM kA kSaya hokara bhAvanAbala se anta meM sthAyI sarvajJatA kA lAbha hotA hai / aikAntika5 kSaNikatvajJAna, nairAtmyadarzana Adi kA anekAntApadezI RSabha, varddhamAnAdi meM tathA Atmopadezaka kapilAdi meM sambhava nahIM ataeva unameM prAvaraNakSaya dvArA sarvajJatva kA bhI sambhava nahIM / isa taraha sAmAnya sarvajJastra kI siddhi ke dvArA anta meM 32 1 "karuNAparatantrAstu spaSTatattva nidarzinaH / sarvApavAdaniHzaGkAzcakra : sarvatra dezanAm // yathA yathA ca mauryAdidoSaduSTo bhavejjanaH / tathA tathaiva nAthAnAM dayA teSu pravartate / " tattvasaM0 kA0 3571-2 / 2 " tatazca mahAn kAlo yoSitAM cAticApalam / tadbhavatyapi nizcetu brAhmaNatvaM na zakyate // zratIndriyapadArthajJo nahi kazcit samasti vaH / tadanvayavizuddhiM ca nityo vedoSi noktavAn // " tattvasaM0 kA0 3576-80 / 3 "ye ca vAhitapApatvAd brAhmaNAH pAramArthikAH / zrabhyastAmalanairAtmyAste munereva zAsane // ihaiva zramaNastena caturddhA parikIrtyate / zUnyAH parapravAdA hi zramaNairbrAhmaNaistathA // " tattvasaM0 kA0 3586-60. 4 " pratyakSIkRtanairAtmye na doSA labhate sthitim / tadviruddhatayA dIpte pradIpe timiraM yathA ||" tatvasaM0 kA0 3338 / "evaM klezAvaraNaprahANaM prasAdhya jJa eyAvaraNaprahANaM pratipAdayannAha - sAkSAtkRtivizeSAditi -sAkSAtkRtivizeSAcca deoSA nAsti savAsanaH / sarvajJatvamataH siddhaM sarvAvaraNamuktitaH // " - tattvasaM0 kA0 3336 / "prabhAsvaramidaM cittaM tattvadarzanasAtmakam / prakRtyaiva sthitaM yasmAt malAstvAgantavA matAH / " tattvasaM0 kA0 3435 / pramANavA0 3. 208 / 5 " idaM ca varddhamAnAdernairAtmyajJAnamIdRzam / na samasyAtmadRSTau hi vinaSTAH sarvatIrthikAH // syAdvAdAkSaNikasyA(tvA)dipratyakSAdiprabeA (bA) dhitam / bahva evAyuktamuktaM yaiH syuH sarvazAH kathaM nu te // " tatvasaM0 3325-26 |

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bhASATippaNAni / 33 pR0 10. paM0 16. ] anya tIrthaGkaroM meM sarvajJatva kA asambhava batalAkara kevala sugata meM hI usakA astitva siddha kiyA hai aura usI ke zAstra ko grAhya batalAyA 1 zAntarakSita kI taraha pratyeka sAMkhya yA jaina AcArya kA bhI yahI prayatna rahA hai ki sarvajJatva kA sambhava avazya hai para ve sabhI apane-apane tIrthaGkaroM meM hI sarvajJatva sthApita karate hue anya tIrthaGkaroM meM usakA nitAnta asambhava batalAte haiM / 5 jaina AcAryoM kI bhI yahI dalIla rahI hai ki anekAnta siddhAnta hI satya hai / usake yathAvat darzana aura AcaraNa ke dvArA hI sarvajJatva labhya hai / anekAnta kA sAkSAtkAra va upadeza pUrNarUpa se RSabha, varddhamAna Adi ne hI kiyA ataeva ve hI sarvajJa aura unake upadiSTa zAstra hI nirdoSa va grAhya haiN| siddhasena hoM yA samantabhadra, akalaGka hoM yA hemacandra sabhI jainAcAryoM ne sarvajJasiddhi ke prasaGga meM vaisA ho yuktivAda avalambita kiyA hai jaisA bauddha 10 sAMkhyAdi zrAcAryoM ne / antara sirpha itanA hI hai ki kisI ne nairAtmyadarzana ko to kisI ne puruSa - prakRti Adi tatvoM ke sAkSAtkAra ko, kisI 3 ne dravya-guNAdi chaH padArtha ke tatvajJAna ko to kisI ne kevala AtmajJAna ko yathArtha kahakara usake dvArA apane-apane mukhya 'pravarttaka tIrthaGkara meM hI sarvajJasva siddha kiyA hai, jaba jainAcAryoM ne anekAntavAda kI yathArthatA dikhAkara isake dvArA bhagavAn RSabha, varddhamAna Adi meM hI sarvajJatva 15 sthApita kiyA hai| jo kucha ho, itanA sAmpradAyika bheda rahane para bhI sabhI sarvajJavAdI darzanoM kA, samyagjJAna se mithyAjJAna aura tajjanya klezoM kA nAza aura taddvArA jJAnAvaraNa ke sarvathA nAza kI zakyatA Adi tAtvika vicAra meM koI matabheda nahIM / pR0 10.paM0 15. 'dIrghakAla'-tulanA - " sa tu dIrghakAlanairantarya sarakArAsevito dRDhabhUmiH / "-- yogasU0 1. 14 / 20 pR0 10. paM0 16. 'ekatva vitarka' - tulanA - 'pRthaktvaikatvavitarka sUkSmakriyApratipAtinyuparatakriyA nivRttIni / " " avicAraM dvitIyam / " - tattvArtha0 6. 41, 44 / " vitarkavicArAnandAsmitArUpAnugamAt saMprajJAtaH / " " tatra zabdArthajJAnavikalpaiH saMkIrNA savitarkA samApatti: / " "nirvicAra vaizAradye'dhyAtmaprasAdaH / " - yogasU0 1. 17, 42, 47, 48 / " se khA ahaM brAhmaNa 1 "advitIyaM zivadvAraM kudRSTInAM bhayaMkaram / vineyebhyo hitAyoktaM nairAtmyaM tena tu sphuTam // " - tattvasaM0 kA0 3322 / 2 "evaM tattvAbhyAsAnnAsmi na me nAhamityaparizeSam / viparyayAdvizuddhaM kevalamutpadyate jJAnam ||"saaNkhykaa0 64 | 3 " dharmavizeSaprasUtAt dravyaguNakarmasAmAnyavizeSasamavAyAnAM padArthAnAM sAdharmyavaidhamrmyAbhyAM tattvajJAnAnniHzreyasam " - vai0 sU0 1.1.4 / 4 "Atmano vA are darzanena zravaNena matyA vijJAnena idaM sarva viditam / " - bRhadA0 2. 4. 5 / 5 "tvanmatAmRtabAhyAnAM sarvathaikAntavAdinAm / zrAptAbhimAnadagdhAnAM sveSTaM dRSTena bAdhyate // " - zraptamI0 kA0 7 / zrayoga0 kA0 28 /

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34 pramANamImAMsAyAH [ pR0 10. paM0 23 viviccaiva kAmehi vivizva akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaM savicAraM vivekajaM pItisukhaM paThamajjhAnaM upasaMpajja vihAsiM; vitakkavicArAnaM vUpasamA attaM saMpasAdanaM cetaseA ekodibhAvaM avitakkaM avicAraM samAdhijaM pItisukhaM dutiyajkAnaM upasaMpabja vihAsi / " - majjhima0 1. 1. 4 / pR0 10. paM0 23. 'na khalu kazcidahamasmi' - tulanA - " nahi jAtu kazcidatra saMdigdhe 5 ahaM vA nAhaM veti, na ca viparyasyati nAhameveti " - brahma0 zAGkarabhA0 pR0 2 / citsukhI pR0 22 / 10 khaNDana 0 pR0 48 / 15 pR0 10. paM0 24. 'bodadhRtvAt - tulanA pR0 10. paM0 27. 'atha prakAza' - punarjanma aura mokSa mAnane vAle sabhI dArzanika dehAdi jar3abhinna prAtmatattva ko mAnate haiN| cAhe vaha kisI ke mata se vyApaka ho yA kisI ke mata se avyApaka, koI use eka mAne yA koI aneka kisI kA mantavya kSaNikatvaviSayaka ho yA kisI kA nityatvaviSayaka, para sabhI ko punarjanma kA kAraNa ajJAna prAdi kucha na kucha mAnanA hI par3atA hai / ataeva aise sabhI dArzanikoM ke sAmane ye prazna samAna haiM janma ke kAraNabhUta tattva kA AtmA ke sAtha sambandha kaba huA aura vaha sambandha kaisA hai ? | agara vaha sambandha anAdi hai to anAdi kA nAza kaise ? / eka bAra nAza hone ke bAda phira vaisA sambandha hone meM kyA ar3acana ? / ina praznoM kA uttara sabhI apunarAvRttirUpa mokSa mAnanevAle dArzanikoM ne apanI-apanI judI-judI paribhASA meM bhI vastuta: eka rUpa se hI diyA hai / 20 " prabhAsvaramidaM cittaM tattvadarzanasAtmakam / prakRtyaiva sthitaM yasmAn malAstvAgantavo matAH // " - tattvasaM0 kA0 3435 | sabhI ne AtmA ke sAtha janma ke kAraNa ke sambandha ko anAdi hI kahA hai| sabhI mAnate haiM ki yaha batalAnA sambhava hI nahIM ki amuka samaya meM janma ke kAraNa mUlatatva kA AtmA se sambandha huA / janma ke mUlakAraNa ko ajJAna kaho, avidyA kaho, karma kaho yA aura kucha, para sabhI svasammata amUrta Atmatatva ke sAtha sUkSmatama mUrtatatva kA eka aisA vilakSaNa sambandha mAnate haiM jo avidyA yA ajJAna ke astitva taka hI rahatA hai aura 25 phira nahIM / ataeva sabhI dvaitavAdI ke mata se amUrta aura mUrta kA pArasparika sambandha nirvivAda I hai / jaise ajJAna anAdi hone para bhI naSTa hotA hai vaise vaha anAdi sambandha bhI jJAnajanya ajJAna kA nAza hote hI naSTa ho jAtA hai / pUrNajJAna ke bAda doSa kA sambhava na hone ke kAraNa ajJAna Adi kA udaya sambhavita hI nahIM ataeva amUrta mUrta kA sAmAnya sambandha mokSa dazA meM hone para bhI vaha ajJAnajanya na hone ke kAraNa janma kA nimitta bana nahIM 30 sakatA / saMsArakAlIna vaha AtmA aura mUrta dravya kA sambandha jJAnajanita hai jaba ki mokSakAlIna sambandha vaisA nahIM hai / sAMkhya-yoga darzana AtmA - puruSa ke sAtha prakRti kA, nyAya-vaizeSika darzana paramANuoM kA, brahmavAdI avidyA-mAyA kA, bauddha darzana citta-nAma ke sAtha rUpa kA, aura jaina darzana

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pR0 12. paM0 4. ] bhASATippaNAni / 35 * jIva ke sAtha karmANoM kA saMsArakAlIna vilakSaNa sambandha mAnate haiM / ye saba mAnyatA punarjanma aura mokSa ke vicAra meM se hI phalita huI haiN| pR0 10. paM0 27. 'atha prakAzasvabhAvatva' - tulanA - " ataeva klezagaNeo'tyantasamuddhato'pi nairAtmya darzanasAmarthyamasyAnmUlayitumasamarthaH / zrAgantukapratyayakRtatvenAdRDhatvAt / nairAtmyajJAnaM tu svabhAvatvAt pramANasahAyatvAcca balavaditi tulye'pi virodhitve Atmadarzane prati- 5 pakSo vyavasthApyate |...naapi tAmrAdikAThinyAdivat punarutpattisambhavA doSANAm, tadvirodhinairAtmya darzanasyAtyantasAtmyamupagatasya sadA'napAyAt / tAmrAdikAThinyasya hi yo virodhI vahnistasya kAdAcitkasannihitatvAt kAThinyAdestadabhAva eva bhavataH punastadapAyAdutpattiryuktA / natvevaM malAnAm / apAye'pi vA mArgasya bhasmAdibhiranaikAntAnnAvazyaM punarutpattisambhavo doSANAm, tathAhi - kASThAderagnisambandhAdbhasmasAdbhUtasya tadapAye'pi na prAktanarUpA - 10 nuvRttiH, tadvaddoSANAmapItyanaikAntaH / kizvAgantukatayA prAgapyasamarthAnAM malAnAM pazcAtsAsmIbhUtaM tannairAtmyaM bAdhitu N kutaH zaktiH, nahi svabhAvo yatnamantareNa nivarttayituM zakyate / na ca prApyapariharttavyayeArvastunorguNadoSadarzanamantareNa prekSAvatAM hAtumupAdAtu vA prayatno yuktaH / na ca vipakSasA ( na cAviparyastA ? ) tmana: puruSasya doSeSu guNadarzanaM pratipakSe vA doSadarzanaM sambhavati, aviparyastatvAt / nahi nirdoSaM vastvaviparyastadhiyo duSTatveneApAdadate, nApi duSTaM 15 guNavattvena" - tavasaM0 pa0 pR0 873-4 / pR0 11. paM0 6. 'amUrtAyA api - tulanA - " amUrtAyA api cetanAzaktermadirAmadanakodravAdibhirAvaraNopapatteH / " - prameyara0 pR0 56 / pR0. 11. paM0 8. 'varSAtapAtu " - tulanA - " taduktaM varSAtapA" - bhAmatI 2. 2. 26 / nyAyama0 pR0 443 / pR0. 11. paM0 17. 'nanu pramANAdhInA' - tulanA - " prameyasiddhiH pramANAddhi |"--saaNkhykaa0 4 / pR0 11. paM0 27. 'vidhAveva ' - tulanA - jaimi0 1.2.1 / pR0. 12. paM0 1. 'prajJAyA atizaya : ' - tulanA - "yadidamatItAnAgatapratyutpanna pratyekasamuccayAtIndriyagrahaNamalpaM bahviti sarvajJabIjam etaddhi vardhamAnaM yatra niratizayaM sa sarvajJaH / asti kASThAprAptiH sarvajJabIjasya sAtizayatvAt parimANavaditi, yatra kASThAprAptirjJAnasya sa sarvajJaH sa 25 ca puruSavizeSa iti / " - yogabhA0 1.25 / tattvavai0 1. 25 / pR0. 12. paM0 3. sUkSmAntarita - tulanA prAptamI0 kA 0 5 / pR. 12. paM0 4. 'jyotirjJAna' - tulanA " grahAdhigatayaH sarvAH sukhaduHkhAdihetavaH / - yena sAkSAtkRtAstena kinna sAkSAtkRtaM jagat / AtmA yossya pravaktAyamaparAlIDhasatpathaH / nAtyakSaM yadi jAnAti nopadeSTuM pravartate // 20 30

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pramANamImAMsAyAH zAstre duravagAhArthatattvaM dRSTaM hi kevalam / jyotirjJAnAdivat sarvaM svata eva praNetRbhiH || " - nyAyavi0 3. 28, 75, 80 / "jyotirjJAnaM jyotiHzAstram, AdizabdAdAyurvedAdi tatreva tadvadyathA jyotiHzAstrAdau tattatvaM dRSTaM taiH taddarzanasya samarthitatvAt tadvadanyadapi sarva tattai STamevAnyathA tadviSayAnupadezA5 liGgAnanvayavyatirekAvi samvAdizAstrapraNayanAnupapatteH / " nyAyavi0 TI0 li0 pR0. 563 / pR0 12. paM0 17. 'sarvamasti ' - tulanA - syAdvAdama0 kA 0 14 / "sadeva sarva ko necchet svarUpAdicatuSTayAt / deva viparyAsAt na cenna vyavatiSThate // " prAptamI0 kA0 15 | "svarUpapararUpAbhyAM nityaM sadasadAtmake / vastuni jJAyate kaizcidrUpaM kiMcit kadAcana / " zlokavA0 abhAva0 zlA0 12 / pR0. 12. paM0 27. 'jJAnamaprati ' - tulanA - zAstravA0 3.2 / "itihAsapurANeSu brahmAdiyapi sarvavit / jJAnamapratighaM yasya vairAgya N ceti kIrtitam // " tattvasaM0 kA0 3166 / 10 20 36 pR0. 12. paM0 30. 'yatkumArilaH ' - tulanA - " etAvatkumArilenoktaM pUrvapattIkRtam' 15 tattvasaM0 pa0 pR0 836-844 | 5 [ pR0 12. paM017 pR0. 13. paM0 1. 'A: sarvajJa - - yahA~ A0 hemacandra ne kumArila ke prati jaisA sAmpradAyika roSa vyakta kiyA hai vaisA hI kumArila, zaGkarAcArya Adi ne buddha Adi ke prati vyakta kiyA hai / --"svadharmAtikrameNa ca yena kSatriyeNa satA pravaktRtvapratigrahau pratipannau sa dharmamaviplutamupadekSyatIti kaH samAzvAsaH |"--tntrvaa0 pR0 116 / 39 pR0 14. paM0 8. 'bAdhakAbhAvAcca ' - isa sUtra kA jo viSaya hai use vistAra aura bArIkI ke sAtha samajhane ke vAste tatvasaMgraha kI 'atIndriyadarzipuruSaparIkSA' kA - " dyotitAkhilavastuH syAdityatroktaM na bAdhakam " ( kA0 3266 ) se - " tasmAtsarvajJasadbhAvabAdhakaM nAsti kiJcana (kA0 3307 ) " taka kA bhAga paJjikA sahita qhAsa dekhane yogya hai, jo mImAMsakoM ke pUrvapakSa kA qhAsA javAba hai / pR0 14. paM0 8. 'sunizcitA' - tulanA - zrAptapa kA0 106 / " tadasti sunizcitAsambhavadbAdhakapramANatvAt sukhAdivat " - laghI 0 svavi0 1.4 / aSTasa0 pR0 48 / pR0 14, paM0 15. 'atha sakala' - ' yAvajJeyavyApijJAnarahita sakala puruSapariSat parijJAnasya tadantareNAnupapatteH tadabhAvatazvajJo na kazcidanupalabdheH khapuSpavat / na vaijaiminiranyo vA tadabhAvatazvajJaH sattvapuruSatva [] vaktRtvAdeH ] rathyApuruSavat / puruSAtizayasambhave pratIndriya30 darzI kiM na syAt / atra anupalambhamapramANayan sarvajJAdivizeSAbhAve kutaH pramANayet, prabhedAt sAdhakabAdhakapramANAbhAvAt / " - laghI0 svavi0 1.4.

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pR0 15.0 11.] bhASATippaNAni / 37 deg pR0. 14. paM0 23. 'vaktRtvAt ' - mImAMsaka ne sarvajJatva ke niSedha meM vaktRtva, puruSatvAdi jina hetu kA prayoga kiyA hai unakI asAdhakatA sarvajJatvavAdI zAntarakSita ( tattvasaM 0 kA0 3356-3466 ), prakalaGka ( aSTaza0 praSTasaha 0 pR0 44 ) aura prabhAcandra ne (prameyaka0 pR0 73 A ) apane-apane granthoM meM batalAI hai para ukta tInoM AcAryoM kA prasAdhakatvapradarzana - prakAra kucha bhinna-bhinna hai / vaktRtva hetu ke nirAsa kA prakAra prabhAcandra aura prA0 hemacandra kA samAna hai / pR0. 15. paM0 11. 'manaseo dravya ' - mana: paryAyajJAna ' svarUpa ke sambandha meM do para mparAe~ dekhI jAtI haiM / eka paramparA mAnatI hai ki manaHparyAyajJAna, parakIya mana se cintya - mAna arthoM ko jAnatA hai jaba ki dUsarI paramparA mAnatI hai ki manaHparyAyajJAna cintanavyApRta manadravya ke paryAyoM ko sAkSAt jAnatA hai aura cintyamAna padArtha to pIche se anumAna ke 100 dvArA jAne jAte haiM, kyoMki cintyamAna padArtha mUrta kI taraha amUrta bhI ho sakate haiM jinheM mana:paryAyajJAna viSaya kara nahIM sakatA / pahalI paramparA Avazyaka niryukti kI gAthA ( 76 )- " maraNapaJjavanANaM puraNa jarAmaraNaparicintiyatthapAyaDaNaM / mANusa khittanibaddhaM guNapaccayaM caritava || " se tathA tattvArthabhASya ( 1. 26 ) ke - " avadhijJAnaviSayasyAnantabhAgaM manaH paryAyajJAnI jAnIte rUpidravyANi manorahasya vicAragatAni ca mAnuSakSetra paryApannAni vizuddhatarANi ceti" - zabdoM se prakaTa hotI hai / dUsarI paramparA vizeSAvazyakabhASya gAthA (814 ) - " davvamaNeopajjA jANai pAsai ya taggaeNante durabhAsie uNa jANai bajbheNumANAkheNaM ||" se tathA nandI cUrNa - "maNiyatthaM puNa paJcakkhaM No pekkhai, jeNa maNaNaM muttamamuttaM vA, ya chaumattho taM zraNumANatA pekkhai ti" - pR0 16 B. Adi se spaSTa hotI hai / 15 ina zvetAmbarIya donoM paramparAoM meM se pahalI hI ekamAtra paramparA digambara sampradAya meM pAI jAtI hai -- "parakIyamanasi vyavasthito'rthaH anena jJAyate ityetAvadatrApekSyate"-sarvArtha . 1 - 23 / gommaTa 0 jIva0 gA0 437 / jAna par3atA hai ki niyukti aura tattvArthabhASyagata paramparA 25 digambarIya sAhitya meM surakSita rahI para pIche se sAhityika sambandha bilakula chUTa jAne ke dhya cUrNi Adi meM vikasita dUsarI paramparA kA pakSAntara rUpa se yA khaNDanIya rUpa se digambarIya granthoM meM astitva taka na prAyA / kAraNa bhASya prAcArya hemacandra ne apane pUrvavartI tArkika zvetAmbara zrAcAryoM kI taraha isa jagaha dUsarI paramparA kA hI avalambana kiyA hai / saca bAta to yaha hai ki pahalI paramparA una 30 prAcIna granthoM meM nirdezarUpa se pAI jAtI hai sahI, para vyavahAra meM sarvatra siddhAntarUpa se dUsarI paramparA kA hI abalambana zvetAmbara AcArya karate haiN| pahalI paramparA meM doSodbhAvana 20

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 15. paM0 11hone se dUsarI paramparA kA vikAsa huaa| vikAsa ke janmadAtA sambhavataH kSamAzramaNa jinabhadra haiN| vikAsa kI yathArthatA dekhakara pIche se sabhI ne usI mantavya ko apnaayaa| phira bhI pahalI paramparA zabdoM meM to prAcIna granthoM meM surakSita raha hI gii| Azcarya to yaha hai ki akalaGka, vidyAnanda Adi jaise sUkSmaprajJa digambarAcAryoM 5 ko svatantra rUpa se bhI pahalI paramparA ke doSa kA bhAna kyoM nahIM huA hai| unhoMne usameM zaGkA kyoM nahIM uThAI ? / pR0. 15. paM0 11. 'manaHparyAya:'-tulanA-"pratyayasya paracittajJAnam ||"-yogsuu0 3.16 / yogabhA0 3. 16 / __ AkaMkheyya ce bhikkhave bhikkhu parasattAnaM parapuggalAnaM cetasA ceto paricca pajAneyyaM 10 sarAgaM vA cittaM sarAgaM cittaM'ti pajAneyyaM, vItarAgaM...sadosaM...vItadosaM...samAhaM...vIta mohaM...savittaM...vikkhittaM...mahaggataM.. amahaggataM...sauttaraM...anuttaraM...samAhitaM...asamAhitaM...vimuttaM...avimuttaM vA cittaM avimuttaM cittaMti pajAneyyaM'ti, sIlesvevassa paripUrakArI...sumAgArAnaM |"-mjjhim0 1 6.2 / pR0. 15. paM0 27. 'vissykRtshc'-tulnaa-"ruupissvvdheH| tadanantabhAge mana:paryAya. 15 sya |"-tttvaarth0 1. 28, 26 / pR0 16. paM0 2. 'sAMvyavahArikam'-dekho 1. 1. 6-10 kA TippaNa pR0 16 / pR0. 16. paM0 8. 'samIcIna'-tulanA-prameyara0 2. 5 / pR0. 16: paM0 10. 'indriyaprAdhAnyAda'-tulanA-"indriyajJAnam / svaviSayAnantaraviSaya. sahakAriNendriyajJAnena samanantarapratyayena janitaM tanmanovijJAnam |"-nyaaybi0 1.8, 6 / __ pR0. 16. paM0 12. 'nanu svasaMvedana'-tulanA-prameyara0 2.5 / pR0. 16. paM0 17. 'sparza'-indriyanirUpaNa prasaGga meM mukhyatayA nIce likhI bAtoM para darzanazAstroM meM vicAra pAyA jAtA hai indriya pada kI nirukti, indriyoM kA kAraNa, unakI saMkhyA, unake viSaya, unake AkAra, unakA pArasparika bhedAbheda, unake prakAra tathA dravya-guNagrAhitvaviveka ityAdi / 25 abhI taka jo kucha dekhane meM AyA usase jJAta hotA hai ki indriyapada kI nirukti jo sabase purAnI lipibaddha hai vaha pANini ke sUtra meM hI hai| yadyapi isa niruktivAle pANinIya sUtra ke Upara koI bhASyAMza pataJjali ke upalabdha mahAbhASya meM dRSTigocara nahIM hotA 1" indriyamindraliGgamindradRSTamindrasRSTamindrajuSTamindradattamiti vA / "-5. 2. 63 /

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pR0 16. paM0 17. ] bhASATippaNAni / 38 tathApi sambhava hai pANinIya sUtroM kI anya koI prAcIna vyAkhyA yA vyAkhyAoM meM usa sUtra para kucha vyAkhyA likhI gaI ho / jo kucha ho para yaha spaSTa jAna par3atA hai ki prAcIna bauddha aura jaina dArzanika granthoM meM pAI jAnevAlI pANinIya sUtrokta indriyapada kI nirukti kisI na kisI prakAra se pANinIya vyAkaraNa kI paramparA ke abhyAsa meM se hI ukta bauddha-jaina granthoM meM dAkhila huI hai| vizuddhimArga' jaise pratiSThita bauddha aura tattvArtha bhASya 2 jaise 5 pratiSThita jaina dArzanika grantha meM eka bAra sthAna prApta kara lene para to phira vaha nirukti uttaravartI sabhI bauddha-jaina mahatvapUrNa darzana granthoM kA viSaya bana gaI hai| 10 1 isa indriya pada kI nirukti ke itihAsa meM mukhyatayA do bAteM qhAsa dhyAna dene yogya haiM / eka to yaha ki bauddha vaiyAkaraNa jo svatantra haiM aura jo pANinIya ke vyAkhyAkAra haiM unhoMne usa nirukti ko apane-apane granthoM meM kucha vistAra se sthAna diyA hai| aura A0 hemacandra 3 jaise svatantra jaina vaiyAkaraNa ne bhI apane vyAkaraNasUtra tathA vRtti meM pUre vistAra se use sthAna diyA hai| dUsarI bAta yaha ki pANinIya sUtroM ke bahuta hI arvAcIna vyAkhyAgranthoM ke alAvA aura kisI vaidika darzana ke grantha meM vaha indriyapada kI nirukti pAI nahIM jAtI jaisI ki bauddha-jaina darzana granthoM meM pAI jAtI hai / jAna par3atA hai, jaisA aneka sthaloM meM huA hai vaise hI, isa sambandha meM asala meM zAbdikoM kI zabdanirukti bauddha-jaina darzana 15 granthoM meM sthAna pAkara phira vaha dArzanikoM kI cintA kA viSaya bhI bana gaI hai / mAvRtti jaise prAcIna vaidika darzanagrantha meM indriya pada kI nirukti hai para vaha pANinIya sUtra aura bauddha-jaina darzana granthoM meM labhya nirukti se bilakula bhinna aura vilakSaNa hai / jAna par3atA hai purAne samaya meM zabdoM kI vyutpatti yA nirukti batalAnA yaha eka aisA Avazyaka kartavya samajhA jAtA thA ki jisakI upekSA koI buddhimAn lekhaka nahIM karatA 20 thA / vyutpatti aura nirukti batalAne meM granthakAra apanI svatantra kalpanA kA bhI pUrA upayoga karate the / yaha vastusthiti kevala prAkRta- pAlI zabdoM taka hI parimita na thI vaha saMskRta zabda meM bhI thI / indriyapada kI nirukti isI kA eka udAharaNa hai 1 1" ko pana ne indriyaTTho nAmAti ? / indaliGgaTTho indriyaTTho; indadesitaTTho indriyaTTho; indadiTThaTTho indriyo indasi indriyaTTho; indajuTTho indriyaTTho; so sancopi idha yathAyogaM yujjati / bhagavA hi sammAsaMbuddho para missariyabhAvato indo, kusalAkusalaM ca kammaM kammesu kassaci issariyAbhAvato / tenevettha kammasaJjanitAni tAva indriyAni kusalA kusalakammaM ulliGgeti / tena ca siTThAnIti indaliGgaTThena indasiTThena ca indriyAni / sabbAneva panetAni bhagavatA yathA bhUtato pakAsitAni abhisambuddhAni cAti indadesitaTThena indadiTThena ca indriyAni / teneva bhagavatA munIndena kAnici gocarAsevanAya, kAnici bhAvanA - sevanAya sevitAnIti indajuTThenApi indriyAni / api ca zrAdhipaccasaMkhAtena issariyaTThenApi etAni indriyAni / cakkhuvijJANAdippavattiyaM hi cakkhAdInaM siddhaM AdhipaccaM, tasmiM tikkhe tikkhattA, mande mandattA ti / ayaM tAvettha atthato vinicchayo / " visuddhi0 pR0 461 / 2 tattvArthabhA0 2. 15 / sarvArtha0 1. 14 / 3 " indriyam / " - hai maza0 7. 1. 174 | 4 "in iti viSayANAM nAma, tAninaH viSayAn prati dravantIti indriyANi / " - mAThara0 kA0 26 /

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [ pR0 16. paM017 manoraJjaka bAta to yaha hai ki zAbdika kSetra se calakara indriyapada kI nirukti ne dArzanika kSetra meM jaba praveza kiyA tabhI usa para dArzanika sampradAya kI chApa laga gaI / buddhaghoSa ? indriyapada kI nirukti meM aura saba artha pANinikathita batalAte haiM para indra kA artha sugata batalAkara bhI usa nirukti ko saGgata karane kA prayatna karate haiM / jaina AcAryoM ne 5 indrapada kA artha mAtra jIva yA AtmA hI sAmAnya rUpa se batalAyA hai| unhoMne buddhaghoSa kI taraha usa pada kA svAbhipreta tIrthaGkara artha nahIM kiyA hai / nyAya-vaizeSika jaise IzvarakartRtvavAdI kisI vaidika darzana ke vidvAna ne apane grantha meM isa nirukti ko sthAna diyA hotA to zAyada vaha indrapada kA Izvara artha karake bhI nirukti saGgata karatA / 40 sAMkhyamata ke anusAra indriyoM kA upAdAna kAraNa abhimAna hai jo prakRtijanya eka 10 prakAra kA sUkSma dravya hI hai- sAMkhyakA0 25 / yahI mata vedAnta ko mAnya hai / nyAyavaizeSika mata ke anusAra ( nyAyasU0 1.1.12 ) indriyoM kA kAraNa pRthvI Adi bhUtapaJcaka hai jo jar3a dravya hI hai / yaha mata pUrvamImAMsaka ko bhI abhISTa hai / bauddhamata ke anusAra prasiddha pA~ca indriyA~ rUpajanya hone se rUpa hI haiM jo jar3a dravyavizeSa hai| jaina darzana bhI dravyasthUla indriyoM ke kAraNarUpa se pudgala vizeSa kA hI nirdeza karatA hai jo jar3a dravyavizeSa hI hai / 15 karNazaSkulI, akSigolaka kRSNasAra, tripuTikA, jihvA aura carmarUpa jina bAhya AAkAroM ko sAdhAraNa loga anukrama se karNa, netra, ghANa, rasana aura tvak indriya kahate haiM ve bAhyAkAra sarva darzanoM meM indriyAdhiSThAna 2 hI mAne gaye haiM- indriyA~ nahIM / indriyA~ to una AkAroM meM sthita atIndriya vasturUpa se mAnI gaI haiM; cAhe ve bhautika hoM yA haGkArika / jaina darzana una paudgalika adhiSThAnoM ko dravyendriya kahakara bhI vahI bhAva 20 sUcita karatA hai ki - adhiSThAna vastutaH indriyA~ nahIM haiM / jaina darzana ke anusAra bhI indriyA~ atIndriya haiM para bhautika yA abhimAnika jar3a dravya na hokara cetanazaktivizeSarUpa haiM jinheM jaina darzana bhAvendriya-mukhya indriya- kahatA hai / mana nAmaka SaSTha indriya saba darzanoM antarindriyA antaHkaraNa rUpa se mAnI gaI hai / isa taraha cha: buddhi indriyA~ to sarvadarzana sAdhAraNa haiM para sirpha sAMkhyadarzana aisA hai jo vAkU, pANi, pAdAdi pA~ca karmendriyoM 25 ko bhI indriyarUpa se ginakara unakI gyAraha saMkhyA ( sAMkhyakA0 24 ) batalAtA hai jaise vAcaspati mizra aura jayanta ne sAMkhyaparigaNita karmendriyoM ko indriya mAnane ke viruddha kahA hai vaise hI prA0 hemacandra ne bhI karmendriyoM ke indriyatva kA nirAsa karake apane pUrvavartI pAdAdi jainAcAryoM kA hI anusaraNa kiyA hai / 1 pUjya - 1 dekhA TippaNa pR0 36. TippaNI 1 / 2 nyAyama0 pR0 477 / 3 tAtparya0 pR0 531 / nyAyama0 pR0 483 / 4 tatvArthabhA0 2. 15 / sarvArtha0 2. 15 /

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pR0 17.50 5.] bhASATippaNAni / 41 - yahA~ eka prazna hotA hai ki pUjyapAdAdi prAcIna jainAcArya tathA vAcaspati, jayanta Adi anya vidvAnoM ne jaba indriyoM kI sAMkhyasammata gyAraha saMkhyA kA balapUrvaka khaNDana kiyA hai taba unhoMne yA aura kisI ne bauddha abhidharma meM prasiddha indriyoM kI bAIsa saMkhyA kA pratiSedha yA ullekha taka kyoM nahIM kiyA ? / yaha mAnane kA koI kAraNa nahIM hai ki unhoMne kisI saMskRta abhidharma grantha ko bhI na dekhA ho| jAna par3atA hai bauddha abhidharmaparamparA meM 5 pratyeka mAnasazakti kA indriyapada se nirdeza karane kI sAdhAraNa prathA hai aisA vicAra karake hI unhoMne usa paramparA kA ullekha yA khaNDana nahIM kiyA hai| chaH indriyoM ke zabda, rUpa, gandha, rasa, sparza Adi pratiniyata viSaya grAhya haiN| isameM to sabhI darzana ekamata haiM para nyAya-vaizeSika kA 'indriyoM ke dravyagrAhakatva ke sambandha meM anya sabake sAtha matabheda hai| itara sabhI darzana indriyoM ko guNagrAhaka mAnate hue bhI 10 guNa-dravya kA abheda hone ke kAraNa chahoM indriyoM ko dravyagrAhaka bhI mAnate haiM jaba ki nyAyavaizeSika aura pUrvamImAMsaka vaisA nahIM maante| ve sirpha netra, sparzana aura mana ko dravyagrAhaka kahate haiM anya ko nahIM ( muktA0 kA0 53-56 ) / isI matabheda ko A0 hemacandra ne sparza Adi zabdoM kI karma-bhAvapradhAna vyutpatti batalAkara vyakta kiyA hai aura sAtha hI apane pUrvagAmI jainAcAryoM kA padAnugamana bhii| indriya-ekatva aura nAnAtvavAda kI carcA darzanaparamparAoM meM bahuta purAnI hainyAyasU0 3. 1.52 / koI indriya ko eka hI mAnakara nAnA sthAnoM ke dvArA usake mAnA kAryoM kA samarthana karatA hai, jaba ki sabhI indriyanAnAtvavAdI usa mata kA khaNDana karake sirpha nAnAtvavAda kA hI samarthana karate haiN| prA0 hemacandra ne isa sambandha meM jaina prakriyAsulabha anekAnta dRSTi kA prAzraya lekara indriyoM meM pArasparika ekatva-nAnAtva ubhayavAda kA 20 samanvaya karake prAcIna jainAcAryoM kA hI anusaraNa kiyA hai aura pratyeka ekAntavAda meM paraspara diye gaye dUSaNoM kA parihAra bhI kiyA hai| ___indriyoM ke svAmitva kI cintA bhI darzanoM kA eka khAsa viSaya hai| para isa sambandha meM jitanI adhika aura vistRta carcA jainadarzana meM pAI jAtI hai vaisI anya darzanoM meM kahIM dRSTigocara nahIM hotii| vaha bauddha darzana meM hai para jainadarzana ke mukAbile meM pralpamAtra 25 hai| svAmitva kI isa carcA ko prA. hemacandra ne ekAdaza-aGgAvalambI tattvArthasUtra aura bhASya meM se akSaraza: lekara isa sambandha meM sArA jainamantavya pradarzita kiyA hai| pR0. 17. paM0 5. 'tatra sparzanendriyam'-tulanA-"vAyvantAnAmekam |"-tttvaarth0 2. 23 / 15 1 "katamAni dvaaviNshtiH| cakSurindriyaM zrotrendriyaM prANendriyaM jihvandriyaM kAyendriyaM mana. indriyaM strIndriyaM puruSendriyaM jIvitendriyaM sukhendriyaM duHkhendriyaM saumanasyendriyaM daurmanasyendriyaM upekSendriya zraddhandriyaM voyendriyaM smRtIndriyaM samAdhIndriyaM prajJandriyaM anAjJAtamAzAsyAmIndriyaM AjJandriyaM AzAtAvIndriyam |"-sphuttaa0 pR0 65 / visuddhi0 pR0 461 /

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5 10 pramANamImAMsAyAH [ pR0 17. paM0 12 pR0 17. paM0 12. 'agre vakSyate' - prastuta grantha kA Age kA bhAga alabhya hai / ata: Agama aura anumAna ke dvArA jIvatvasiddhi kisa prakAra zAstra meM kI jAtI hai isake liye dekhA sanmatiTI 0 pR0 652. Ti0 1; pR0 653. Ti. 3, pR0 654. Ti0 1 / pR0 17. paM0 12. ' sparzanarasanendriye ' - tulanA - tattvArthabhA0 2. 24 / pR0 17. paM0 18. 'nanu vacana' - tulanA - sAMkhyakA0 26, 28 / pR0 17. paM0 22. 'teSAM ca parasparam ' - tulanA - tattvArtharA0 2.16 / tattvArthazlA0 2 16 / pR0 18. paM0 7. 'evamindriyaviSayANAm ' - tulanA - sarvArtha0 2.20 / tavArtharA0 2.20 / 42 pR0 18. paM0 20. 'lambhanam ' - tulanA - "lambhanaM labdhiH / kA punarasau ? / jJAnAvaraNakSayopazamavizeSa: / zrarthagrahaNazaktiH labdhiH / " - laghI0 svavi0 1.5 / pR0 18. paM0 20. 'yatsannidhAnA' - tulanA - sarvArtha 0 2.18 / " upayogaH punararthaprahaNavyApAraH " - laghI0 svavi0 1.5 / pR0 18. paM0 25. 'tatra labdhisvabhAvaM tAvadindriyam'1- tulanA - tattvArthazlA0 2.18 / pR0. 18. paM0 1. 'svArthaprakAzane - tulanA - sarvArtha0 2.18 / pR0 18. paM0 8. 'sarvArtha' 1 - mana ke svarUpa, kAraNa, kArya, dharma aura sthAna Adi 15 aneka viSayoM meM dArzanikoM kA nAnAvidha matabheda hai jo saMkSepa meM isa prakAra hai / / vaizeSika (vai0 sU0 7. 1. 23), naiyAyika ( nyAyasU0 3. 2. 61 ) aura tadanugAmI pUrvamImAMsaka ( prakaraNapa pR0 151 ) mana ko paramANurUpa ataevaM nitya-kAraNarahita mAnate haiN| sAMkhya- yoga aura tadanugAmI vedAnta use paramANurUpa nahIM phira bhI aNurUpa aura janya mAnakara usakI utpatti prAkRtika ahaGkAra tatva ? se yA avidyA se mAnate haiM / bauddha aura jaina paramparA ke anusAra 20 mana na to vyApaka hai aura na paramANurUpa ve donoM paramparAe~ mana ko madhyama parimANavAlA aura janya mAnatI haiM / bauddha paramparA ke anusAra mana vijJAnAtmaka hai aura vaha uttaravartI vijJAnoM kA samanantarakAraNa pUrvavartI vijJAnarUpa hai / jaina paramparA ke anusAra paudgalika mana to eka khAsa prakAra ke sUkSmatama manovargaNAnAmaka jar3a dravyoM se utpanna hotA hai aura 1 "yasmAt karmendriyANi buddhIndriyANi ca sAttvikAdahaMkArAdutpadyante mano'pi tasmAdeva utpadyate / "mAThara kA0 27 / 2 "vijJAnaM prativijJaptiH mana AyatanaM ca tat / SaNNAmanantarA'tItaM vijJAnaM yaddhi tanmanaH // " - abhidharma0 1. 16, 17 / tattvasaM0 kA0 631 | " yat yat samanantaraniruddhaM vijJAnaM tattanmanodhAturiti / tadyathA sa eva putro'nyasya pitrAkhyAM labhate tadeva phalamanyasya bIjAkhyAm / tathehApi sa eva cakSurAdivijJAnadhAturanyasyAzraya iti manodhAtvAkhyAM labhate / ya eva SaD vijJAnadhAtava sa eva manodhAtuH / ya eva ca manodhAtusta evaM ca SaD vijJAnadhAtava itI. taretarAntarbhAvaH ....... yogAcAradarzanena tu SaDvijJAnavyatirikto'pyasti manodhAtuH / " - sphuTA0 pR0 40, 41 /

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10 18. paM0 22.] bhASATippaNAni / 43 vaha pratikSaNa zarIra kI taraha parivartana bhI prApta karatA rahatA hai jaba ki bhAvamana jJAnazakti aura jJAnarUpa hone se cetanadravyajanya hai| sabhI darzanoM ke matAnusAra mana kA kArya icchA, dveSa, sukha, duHkha Adi guNoM kI tathA una guNoM ke anubhava kI utpatti karAnA hai, cAhe ve guNa kisI ke mata se prAtmagata hoM jaise nyAya, vaizeSika, mImAMsaka, jaina Adi ke mata se: yA anta:karaNa-buddhi ke hoM jaise / sAMkhyayoga-vedAntAdi ke mata se; yA svagata hI hoM jaise bauddhamata se| bahirindriyajanya jJAna kI utpatti meM bhI mana nimitta banatA hai aura bahirindriyanirapekSa jJAnAdi guNoM kI utpatti meM bhI vaha nimitta banatA hai| bauddhamata ke sivAya kisI ke bhI mata se icchA, dveSa, jJAna, sukha, duHkha, saMskAra Adi dharma mana ke nahIM haiN| vaizeSika, naiyAyika, mImAMsaka aura jaina ke anusAra ve guNa prAtmA ke haiM para sAMkhya-yoga-vedAntamata ke anusAra ve guNa buddhi- 10 anta:karaNa-ke ho haiN| bauddha darzana prAtmatattva alaga na mAnakara usake sthAna meM nAma-mana hI ko mAnatA hai ataeva usake anusAra icchA, dveSa, jJAna, saMskAra Adi dharma jo darzanabheda se prAtmadharma yA anta:karaNadharma kahe gaye haiM ve sabhI mana ke hI dharma haiN| nyAya-vaizeSika-bauddhara Adi kucha darzanoM kI paramparA mana ko hRdayapradezavartI mAnatI hai| sAMkhya prAdi darzanoM kI paramparA ke anusAra mana kA sthAna kevala hRdaya kahA nahIM 15 jA sakatA kyoMki usa paramparA ke anusAra mana sUkSma-liGgazarIra meM, jo aSTAdaza tattvoM kA viziSTa nikAyarUpa hai, praviSTa hai| aura sUkSmazarIra kA sthAna samagra sthUla zarIra hI mAnanA ucita jAna par3atA hai ataeva usa paramparA ke anusAra mana kA sthAna samagra sthUla zarIra siddha hotA hai| jaina paramparA ke anusAra bhAvamana kA sthAna AtmA hI hai| para dravyamana ke bAre meM pakSabheda dekhe jAte haiN| digambara pakSa dravyamana ko hRdayapradezavartI mAnatA 20 hai jaba ki zvetAmbara pakSa kI aisI mAnyatA kA koI ullekha nahIM dikhtaa| jAna par3atA hai zvetAmbara paramparA ko samagra sthUla zarIra hI dravyamana kA sthAna iSTa hai| pR0. 16. paM0 10. 'sarvArthagrahaNam'-tulanA-"sarvArthopalabdhau nendriyANi prabhavanti iti sarvaviSayam anta:karaNaM mnH|"-nyaaybhaa0 1.1.6 / "sarva viSayamavagAhate yasmAt"-sAMkhyakA0.35 / pR0. 16. paM0 17. 'mano'pi'-tulanA-"mano dvividhaM. dravyamano bhAvamanazceti / tatra 25 pudgalavipAkikarmodayApekSaM drvymnH| vIryAntarAyanoindriyAvAraNakSayopazamApekSayA Atmano vizuddhirbhAvamanaH / " sarvArtha0 2. 11; 5. 16 / pR0 16. paM0 22. 'rUpAlokamanaskAra'-tulanA-nayacakravR0 li. pR. 40B | anekAntaja0 TI0 pR. 206 / 1 "tasmAJcittasya dharmA vRttayo nAtmanaH" -sarvada0 pAta0 pR0 352 / " 2 "tAmraparNIyA api hRdayavastu manovijJAnadhAtorAzrayaM kalpayanti |"-sphuttaa0 pR0 411

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44 premANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 16.50 25 nAgArjuna ne madhyamikakArikA "catvAraH pratyayA hetuzcAlambanamanantaram / tathaivAdhipateyaM ca pratyayo nAsti paJcamaH // " meM (1.2 ) tathA vasubandhu ne abhidharmakoza (pari0 2. zlo0 61.64) meM cAra pratyayoM kA kathana 5 va varNana kiyA hai jinakA khulAsA vAcaspati mizra ne bhAmatI ( 2.2.16 ) meM tathA mAdhavAcArya ne sarvadarzanasaMgraha (pR0 36) meM savistara kiyA hai| ve hI cAra pratyaya jJAnanimittarUpa se prA0 hemacandroddhRta isa kArikA meM nirdiSTa haiM "nIlAbhAsasya hi cittasya niilaadaalmbnprtyyaaniilaakaartaa| samanantarapratyayAtpUrvavijJAnAd bodhruuptaa| ckssusso'dhiptiprtyyaadruupgrhnnprtiniymH| AlokAtsahakAri10 pratyayAddhatA: spssttaarthtaa| evaM sukhAdInAmapi caittAnAM cittAbhinnahetujAnAM catvAryetAnyeva kAraNAni |"-bhaamtii 2. 2. 16 / pR0 16. paM0 25. 'nArthAloko-prakalaGka se lekara sabhI jaina tArkiko ne jisa arthAlokakAraNatAvAda kA nirAsa kiyA hai vaha bauddha kA hI hai| nyAya Adi darzanoM meM bhI janyapratyakSa ke prati artha kAraNa mAnA gayA hai aura cAkSuSa pratyakSa meM Aloka bhii| taba 15 prazna hotA hai ki kyA una jainAcAryoM ke sAmane ukta kAraNatAsamarthaka bauddha grantha hI the aura nyAya prAdi ke grantha na the 1 yA naiyAyikoM ne usa para carcA hI na kI thii| isakA uttara yaha hai ki usa prAcIna samaya meM naiyAyika Adi vaidika dArzanikoM ne artha aura pAloka kI kAraNatAviSayaka koI khAsa carcA cher3I na thI, aura tadviSayaka khAsa siddhAnta bhI sthira nahIM kiye the, jaise ki bauddha tArkikoM ne isa viSaya meM vistRta UhApoha karake siddhAnta sthira kiye the| 20 ataeva jaina tArkikoM ke sAmane bauddhabAda hI ukta kAraNatAvAdarUpa se upasthita rahA aura unhoMne usI kA nirAsa kiyaa| gaGgeza upAdhyAya ne apane pratyakSa cintAmaNi grantha (pR. 720 ) meM viSaya aura Aloka ke kAraNatva kA spaSTa evaM sthira siddhAnta rkhaa| para prA. hemacandra gaGgeza ke samakAlIna hone se unake dekhane meM cintAmaNi grantha nahIM paayaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki A0 hemacandra ne isa arthAlokakAraNatAvAda ke nirAsa meM apane pUrvavartI jaina tArkikoM 2 kA hI anusaraNa kiyA hai| tadutpatti-tadAkAratA kA siddhAnta bhI bauddha hai| bauddhoM meM bhI vaha sautrAntika kA hai kyoMki sautrAntika bAhya viSaya kA astitva mAnakara jJAna ko tajjanya-tadAkAra mAnate haiN| isa siddhAnta kA khaNDana vijJAnavAdI yogAcAra bauddhoM ne hI kiyA hai jo pramANavArtika aura usakI TIkA pramANavArtikAlaGkAra (pR0 11) Adi meM dekhA jAtA hai| jaina tAkikoM ne 30 prathama se hI usI khaNDanasaraNI ko lekara usa vAda kA nirAsa kiyA hai| pR0. 20. paM0 1. 'na cAsAvA'-tulanA-"nAnanukRtAnvayavyatireka kAraNaM nAkAraNaM viSayaH iti bAlizagotam / tAmasakhagakulAnAM tamasi sati rUpadarzanaM prAvaraNavicchedAt /

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pR0 21. paM0 2.] bhaassaattippnnaani| Aloke satyapi saMzayajJAnasambhavAt kAcAdyupahatendriyANAM zuklazakhAdA pItAdyAkArajJAnotpattermumUrSANAM yathAsambhavamarthe'satyapi viparItapratipattisadbhAvAnnArthAdayaH kAraNaM jJAnasyeti sthitam / " laghI* svavi0 6.7 / / ... pR. 20. paM0 3. 'yoginAM ca'-tulanA-tattvArthazlA0 1. 14. 7-6 / prameyaka0 pR0 64 A pR0. 20. paM0 15. 'tasmAt -tulanA "svahetujanitopyarthaH paricchedyaH svato ythaa| tathA jJAnaM svahetUtthaM paricchedAtmakaM svtH||"-lghii0 6.6 / tattvArthazlA* pR0 218 / pR0. 20. paM0 16. 'tadutpattimantareNa'-tulanA"malaviddhamaNivyaktiryathAnekapakArataH / karmaviddhAtmavijJaptistathAnekaprakArataH ||"-lghii0 6. 7 / - 10 "yathAsvaM karmakSayopazamApekSiNI karaNamanasI nimittaM vijJAnasya na bahirAdayaH |"lghii0 svavi0 6.7 / "na tajjanma na tAdrUpyaM na tadvyavasitiH sahaH / pratyekaM vA bhajantIha prAmANyaM prati hetutAm |"-lghii0 6.8 / parI0 2.8, 6 / pramANana 4. 46, 47 / 15 a0 1. prA0 1. sU0 26-26. pR0 21. saba prakAra ke jJAnoM kI utpatti kA vicAra karate samaya sabhI bhAratIya dArzanikoM ne jJAnoM ke kAraNa, unake viSaya, unakI utpatti kA krama tathA unake kArya Adi kA apane-apane DhaGga se vicAra kiyA hai| prA0 hemacandra ne yahA~ jo indriya-manojanya pratyakSa ke sambandha meM kAraNa, viSayAdi kA kathana kiyA hai, vaha jainaparamparA ke anusAra hai| kAraNa, utpattikrama, viSayabheda, spaSTatA kA taratamabhAva, sthiti, 20 kArya Adi aneka mudde pratyakSa se sambandha rakhate haiN| bauddha paramparA meM cittapravRtti kA nidarzana karAte hue cakSurvijJAna Adi chaH vijJAnavIthiyoM ko lekara unhIM muddoM para bauddha tattvajJAna kI prakriyA ke anusAra sUkSma aura AkarSaka prakAza DAlA gayA hai-abhidhammatya0 4.6 se| vaidika darzanoM meM se nyAya-vaizeSika darzanoM ne, jinakA isa viSaya kA mata pUrvamImAMsaka 25 ko bhI mAnya hai, nirvikalpaka, savikalpaka Adi krama se pratyakSa ke sambandha meM unhIM muddoM para bar3e vistAra aura bahuta sUkSmatA se vicAra kiyA hai-praza0 pR0 18 / zlokavA0 pratyakSa0 zlA0 112-120 / muktA0 kA0 52-61 / sAMkhyadarzana ne bhI-jisakI prakriyA yoga, vedAntAdi darzanoM ko mAnya hai-apanI prakriyA ke anusAra isa sambandha meM vicAra kiyA haisAMkhyakA0 30 / maatthr.| sAMkhyataH / .30 mA0 hemacandra ne prastuta cAra sUtroM meM ukta muddoM ke Upara jaina paramparA ke mantavya kA sUtraNa kiyA hai| yaha sUtraNa yadyapi sAmAnyarUpa se Agamika aura prAgamAvalambI tArkika

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 21. paM08donoM jaina paramparA kA saMgrAhaka hai tathApi isa sUtraNa meM jo zAbdika racanA aura jo Arthika vaktavya hai vaha etadviSayaka prakalaGka kI kRti ke sAtha adhika sAdRzya rakhatA hai| . pR0. 21. paM0 8. 'etena darzanasya'-tulanA-"arthagrahaNayogyatAlakSaNaM tadanantarabhUtaM sanmAtradarzanaM svaviSayavyavasthApanavikalpam uttaraM pariNAmaM pratipadyate avagrahaH |"-lghii0 5 svavi0 1.5 / pR0. 21. paM0 12. 'pratisaMkhyAnena'-bauddha tArkika jise pratyakSapramANarUpa mAnate haiM usa nirvikalpaka jJAna ko darzana yA anadhyavasAya kahakara prA0 hemacandra ne pramANakoTi se bAhara rakkhA hai, aura usake anantarabhAvI avagraha se pramANabhUta jJAnaparamparA kA prArambha mAnakara indriyajanya usa avagraha ko mAnasavikalpa se bhI bhinna kahA hai| bauddha tArkika 10 mAnasavikalpa ko apramANa mAnakara usakA pratisaMkhyAnanAmaka samAdhivizeSabhAvI bhAvanA se nAza mAnate haiM-"pratisaMkhyAnirodho yo visaMyogaH pRthak pRthaka" "visaMyoga: yo dhiyA" abhidharma0 1. 6; 2. 57 / tattvasaM0 pa0 pR0 547 / madhya0 vR0 pR0 366, 556 / abhidhammattha0 6. 28 / bra0 zAGkarabhA0 2. 2. 22 / pR0 21. paM0 28. 'Ihita-pAgama aura usakI cUrNi prAdi vyAkhyAnoM meM jaba taka 15 prAkRta bhASA kA sambandha rahA taba taka avAya zabda kA prayoga hI dekhA jAtA hai| prAkRta 'pravAya' zabda saMskRta 'pAya' aura saMskRta 'pravAya' donoM se niSpanna hotA hai| umAsvAti ne avAya kA saMskRta apAya banAkara usI ko mUla sUtra aura bhASya meM prayukta kiyA hai| pUjyapAda prAdi digambarAcAryoM ne saMskRta avAya zabda ko hI sUtrapATha evaM apanI apanI vyAkhyAnoM meM rakhA hai| 20 yadyapi prakalaGka ne pUjyapAda ke anusAra saMskRta zabda to rakhA avAya, para unakI dRSTi bhASyaprayukta apAya zabda kI bhora bhI gaI aura unake mana meM prazna huA ki kyA saMskRta meM bhASyAnusAra apAya zabda kA prayoga ThIka hai yA sarvArthasiddhi ke anusAra avAya zabda kA prayoga ThIka hai ? / isa prazna kA javAba unhoMne buddhipUrvaka diyA hai| unhoMne dekhA ki apAya aura avAya ye donoM saMskRta zabda prAkRta avAya zabda meM se phalita ho sakate haiN| taba 25 donoM saMskRta zabdoM kA pATha kyoM na mAna liyA jAya ? / yaha socakara unhoMne saMskRta meM ukta donoM zabdoM ke prayoga ko sahI batalAyA phira bhI donoM zabdoM ke prayoga meM thor3A-sA arthabheda dikhlaayaa| ve kahate haiM ki jaba nirNaya meM vyAvRttipradhAnatA rahatI hai taba vaha apAya hai aura jaba vidhipradhAnatA rahatI hai taba vaha avAya hai| apAya meM bhI vidhi aMza gauNarUpeNa zrA hI jAtA hai| isI taraha avAya meM bhI gauNarUpeNa niSedha aMza A jAtA hai| ataeva cAhe 80 apAya zabda kA prayoga karo cAhe avAya zabda kA, para vastutaH donoM. zabda vizeSAvadhAraNa rUpa nirNayabodhaka hone se paryAyamAtra haiM-tattvArtharA0 1. 15 /

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pR0 22. paM06] bhaassaattippnnaani| 'pR0. 22. paM0 3. 'saMkhyeyamasaMkhyeyaM vA'-tulanA. "uggaho ekkaM samayaM ihAvAyA muhuttamaMtaM tu / kAlamasaMkhaM saMkhaM ca dhAraNA hoi nAyavvA ||"-shraav ni0 4 / nando0 sU0 34 / pR0. 22. paM0 6. 'jJAnAdatirikta'-tulanA-prazasta0 pR0 267 / muktA0 kA0 160, 161 / pR0. 22. paM0 6. 'nanvavicyutimapi'-jainaparamparA meM matijJAna kA dhAraNAnAmaka 5 cauthA bheda hai| prAgama (nandI0 sU0 34), niyukti (Ava0 ni0 3) aura tattvArthabhASya (1. 15) taka meM dhAraNA kA paryAyakathana ke sivAya koI khAsa vizleSaNapUrvaka arthakathana dekhA nahIM jaataa| jAna par3atA hai ki isa bAre meM prathama prayatna pUjyapAda kA ( sarvArtha0 1. 15 ) hai| pUjyapAda ne avismRti ke kAraNa ko dhAraNA kahakara jo nayA arthasUcana kiyA usake Upara do paramparAe~ zurU huii| kSamAzramaNa jinabhadra ne niyukti kA bhASya karate samaya dhAraNA 10 kA bArIkI evaM vistAra ke sAtha vicAra kiyA aura anta meM batalAyA ki avicyuti, . vAsanA ( jise saMskAra bhI kahate haiM ) aura smRti ye tInoM dhAraNA' haiN| pUjyapAda ke anugAmI prakalaGka ( tattvArtharA0 1. 15 ), vidyAnanda ( tattvArthazlA0 1. 15. 21, 22 ) aura anantavIrya ina tInoM prasiddha digambarAcAryoM ne pUjyapAda ke saMkSipta sUcana kA hI vistRta aura sasarka upapAdana karake kahA ki smRti kA kAraNa saMskAra-jo jaina dRSTi se vastuta: jJAnasvarUpa hI hai 15 vaha-dhAraNA hai| isa taraha dhAraNA ke artha meM do paramparAe~ dekhI jAtI haiN| jinabhadra kI paramparA ke anusAra avicyuti, saMskAra aura smRti tInoM dhAraNA haiM aura saMskAra karmakSayopazamarUpa hone se prAtmIya zaktivizeSa mAtra hai, jJAnarUpa nhiiN| akalaGka prAdi kI digambarIya paramparA ke anusAra smRti kA kAraNa saMskAra hI dhAraNA hai jo vastuta: jJAnasvarUpa 1 "atrottaramAha-bhaeNaI ityAdi, bhaNyate'tra pratividhAnam / kim ? ityAha-'idaM vastu tadeva yat prAgupalabdhaM mayA' ityevaMbhUtA kAlAntare yA smRtirUpA buddhirupajAyate, nanviha sA pUrvapravRttAdapAyAta nirvivAdamabhyadhikaiva, pUrvapravRttA'pAyakAle tasyA abhAvAt ; sAMpratApAyasya tu vastunizcayamAtraphalatvena pUrvAparadarzanAnusaMdhAnA'yogAt / tatazca sA'nanyarUpatvAd dhRtirdhAraNA nAmeti paryante sNbndhH| yatazca yasmAcca vAsanAvizeSAt pUrvopalabdhavastvAhitasaMskAralakSaNAt tadvijJAnAvaraNakSayopazamasAnnidhyAdityarthaH, sA 'idaM tadeva' iti lakSaNA smRtirbhavati / sA'pi vAsanApAyAdabhyadhiketi kRtvA dhRtirnAma, itIhApi sNbndhH| 'jA yA'vAyetyAdi' yA cA'pAyAdanantaramavicyutiH pravartate sA'pi dhRti ma / idamukkaM bhavati yasmin samaye 'sthANurevA'yam' ityAdinizcayasvarUpo'pAyaH pravRttaH, tataH samayAdUrdhvamapi 'sthANurevA'yam, sthANurevA'yam' ityavicyutA yA'ntamuhUrta kvacidapAyapravRttiH sA'pyapAyA'vicyutiH prathamapravRttApAyAdabhyadhiketi dhRtirdhAraNA nAmeti / evamavicyuti-vAsanA-smRtirUga dhAraNA tridhA siddhA bhavati / ...... vAsanApi smRtivijJAnAvaraNakarmakSayopazamarUpA, tadvijJAnajananazaktirUpA cessyte| sA ca yadyapi svayaM jJAnarUpA na bhavati, tathApi pUrvapravRttA'vicyutilakSaNajJAnakAryatvAt , uttarakAlabhAvismRtirUpajJAnakAraNatvAccopacArato jJAnarUpA'bhyupagamyate / tadvastuvikalpapakSastvanabhyupagamAdeva nirstH| tasmAdavicyutismRti-vAsanArUpAyA dhAraNAyAH sthitatvAd na matestraividhyam , kintu caturdhA seti sthitam ||"-vishessaa0 bR0 gA0188, 186 /

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pramANamImAMsAyA: [pR0 22. paM0 20hai| jinabhadrIya paramparA kA svIkAra yAkinIsUnu haribhadra ne kiyA ( Ava. ni0 hAri0 3) paura vAdI devasUri ne usI paramparA ke prAdhAra para sUtra ( pramANana0 2. 10 ) racakara usake vyAkhyAna meM digambarAcArya vidyAnanda aura anantavIrya kA nAma lekara unake mata kA nirasana karake jinabhadrIya paramparA kA sayuktika samarthana kiyA-syAdvAdara0 2.10 / / __ yadyapi prA. hemacandra vAdI devasUri ke samakAlIna aura unake prasiddha grantha syAdvAdaratnAkara ke draSTA haiM evaM jinabhadra, haribhadra aura devasUri tInoM ke anugAmI bhI haiM, tathApi ve dhAraNA ke lakSaNasUtra meM tathA usake vyAkhyAna meM digambarAcArya akalaGka aura vidyAnanda prAdi kA zabdaza: anusaraNa karate haiM aura apane pUjya vRddha jinabhadra Adi ke mantavya kA khaNDana na karake kevala usakA AdarapUrvaka samanvaya karate haiN| apane pUjya zvetAmbarIya 10 devasUri ne jina vidyAnanda Adi ke mata kA khaNDana kiyA hai usI mata ko apanAkara prA. hemacandra ne sampradAyanirapekSa tArkikatA kA paricaya karAyA hai| pR0. 22. paM0 20. 'saugataiH-tulanA-pramANavA0 3.208 se| pR0. 22. paM0 21. 'naiyAyikAdibhi:'-tulanA-kandalI pR0 30 / pR0. 22. paM0 22. 'naiyAyikAstu'-bhAratIya darzanazAstroM meM prameya tathA vividha 15 AcAra viSayaka matamatAntara jo bahuta purAne samaya se pracalita haiM unake pArasparika khaNDana. maNDana kI prathA bhI buddha-mahAvIra jitanI purAnI to avazya hI hai para hama usa prAcIna khaNDana-maNDana prathA meM pramANalakSaNaviSayaka matabhedoM kA pArasparika khaNDana-maNDana nahIM paate| isameM to sandeha nahIM ki diGnAga ke pahile hI pramANasAmAnya aura pramANavizeSa ke lakSaNa ke sambandha meM bauddha, vaidika Adi tArkika apane-apane mantavya kA pratipAdana karane 20 ke sAtha ho matAntaroM kA khaNDana karane laga gaye the, kyoMki diGnAga ke pramANasamuccaya meM aisA khaNDana spaSTa hama pAte haiN| darzanasUtroM ke upalabdha vAtsyAyana, zAbara, prazasta, yoga Adi prAcIna bhASyoM meM pramANa ke lakSaNa sambandhI matAntaroM kA khaNDana yadyapi nahIM hai tathApi diGnAga ke uttaravarci unhIM bhASyoM ke vyAkhyAgranthoM meM vaha pArasparika khaNDana spaSTa evaM vyavasthita rUpa se dekhA 25 jAtA hai| diGnAga ne pratyakSa ke lakSaNa sambandhI naiyAyika, mImAMsaka Adi ke mata kA khaNDana kiyA hai (pramANasamu. 1. 16 se)| isakA javAba vAtsyAyana ke TIkAkAra udyotakara (nyAyavA0 1.1.4 ) aura zAbara ke TIkAkAra kumArila ( zlokavA0 pratyakSa zlo0 42 se) Adi ne diyA hai| IsA kI chaThI, sAtavIM zatAbdi taka to yaha tArkikoM kI eka prathA hI ho gaI jAna par3atI hai ki apane lakSaNa granthoM meM matAntaroM kA khaNDana kiye binA svamata 30 sthApana pUrNatayA na samajhA jAya / jainaparamparA meM bhI pramANa ke lakSaNa sambandhI svamatapratipAdana to hama Agamayuga se dekhate haiM aura yahI prathA umAsvAti taka barAbara calI AI jAna par3atI hai para isameM matA. ntara ke kucha khaNDana kA praveza pUjyapAda se ( sarvArtha0 1. 10) huA jAna par3atA hai| pramANa

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pR0 23. paM0 4.] bhaassaattippnnaani| lakSaNa sambandhI paramatoM kA pradhAna rUpa se khaNDana karanevAlA jaina tArkikoM meM sarvaprathama aka. laGka hI hai-nyAyavi0 siddhivi0 aadi| uttaravartI digambara zvetAmbara sabhI tArkiko ne akalaGkaavalambita khaNDanamArga ko apanAkara apane-apane pramANaviSayaka lakSaNagranthoM meM bauddha, vaidikasammata lakSaNoM kA vistAra ke sAtha khaNDana kiyA hai| prA0 hemacandra ne isI prathA kA avalambana karake yahA~ nyAya, bauddha, mImAMsA aura sAMkhyadarzana-sammata pratyakSa ke lakSaNoM kA 5 pUrva paramparA ke anusAra hI khaNDana kiyA hai| pR0. 22. paM0 24. 'vyAkhyAvamulyena'-vAcaspati mizra aura unake guru trilocana ke pahale nyAyasUtra ke vyAkhyAkAra rUpa se vAtsyAyana aura udyotakara do hI prasiddha haiN| unameM se vAtsyAyana ne nyAyasUtra ( 1.1.3 ) ke bhASya meM pratyakSa pramANarUpa se sannikarSa2 kA bhI spaSTa kathana kiyA hai jaisA ki vAcaspati mizra ko nyAyasUtra (1.1.4) kI apanI vyAkhyA meM abhipreta 10 hai| isI taraha udyotakara ne bhI nyAyasUtra ( 1.1.3 ) ke vArtika meM (pR. 26 ) bhASya kA anugamana karake sannikarSa aura jJAna donoM ko hI pratyakSa pramANa mAnakara isakA sabala samarthana kiyA hai| vAcaspati kA bhI nyAyasUtra (1.1.4) kI vyAkhyA ( pR0 108 ) kA vahI tAtparya hai| isa taraha jaba vAcaspati kA tAtparya vAtsyAyana aura udyotakara kI vyAkhyA se bhinna nahIM hai taba prAcArya hemacandra kA 'pUrvAcAryakRtavyAkhyAvaimukhyena' yaha kathana vAcaspati ke viSaya meM 15 saGgata kaise ho sakatA hai yaha prazna hai| isakA uttara kevala itanA hI hai ki nyAyasUtra ( 1.1.4 ) kI vAtsyAyana aura udyotakarakRta vyAkhyA sIdhI hai| usameM 'yata:' Adi kisI pada kA pradhyAhAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai jaisA ki vAcaspati mizra ne usI sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM kiyA hai| tAtparya meM bheda na hone para bhI pUrvAcArya ke vyAkhyAnoM meM 'yata:' pada ke adhyAhAra kA prabhAva aura vAcaspati ke vyAkhyAna meM 'yata: pada ke adhyAhAra kA astitva dekhakara hI 20 prAcArya hemacandra ne vAcaspati ke viSaya meM 'pUrvAcAryakRtavyAkhyAvaimukhyena' kahA hai| - pR0. 22. paM0 25. 'yataHzabdA-tAtparya0 pR0 108, 125 / nyAyama0 pR0 12, 66 / pR0. 23. paM0 4. 'aprApyakAritvAta'- indriyoM kA apane apane viSaya ke sAtha sanikarSa hone para hI pratyakSajJAna utpanna hotA hai, isameM kisI kA matabheda nhiiN| para sannikarSa ke svarUpa meM thor3AsA matabheda hai jisake AdhAra para prApyAprApyakAritva kA eka vAda 25 khar3A huA hai aura sabhI dArzanikoM kI carcA kA viSaya bana gayA hai| ___ sAMkhya ( sAMkhyasU. 1.87), nyAya (nyAyasU0 3. 1. 33-53 ), vaizeSika ( kandalI pR0 23), jaiminIya ( zAbarabhA0 1. 1. 13 ) Adi sabhI vaidika darzana apanI apanI prakriyA 1 "trilocnguruunniitmaargaanugmnonmukhaiH| yathAmAnaM yathAvastu vyAkhyAtamidamIdRzam ||"taatpry0 pR0 133 / ___ 2"akSasthAkSasya prativiSayaM vRttiH prtykssm| vRttistu saMnikoM jJAnaM vA, yadA sannikarSastadA jJAnaM pramitiH, yadA jJAnaM sadA hAnopAdAkopekSAbuddhayaH phalam |"-nyaaybhaa0 1.1.3 / /

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10 pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 23. paM05ke anusAra pA~coM bahirindriyoM ko prApyakArI mAnate haiN| bauddhadarzana bahirindriyoM meM prANa, rasana, sparzana tInoM ko hI prApyakArI mAnatA hai, cakSuH-zrotra ko nahIM-"aprAptAnyakSimana:zrotrANi trayamanyathA"-abhidharma0 2. 43 / jainadarzana ( zrAva0 ni0 5 / tattvArtha sU0 1. 16 ) sirpha cakSu ke sivAya cAra bahirindriyoM ko hI prApyakArI mAnatA hai| antarindriya mana ko to sirpha sAMkhya (yogabhA0 1.7) tathA vedAnta hI prApyakArI mAnate haiN| bAkI ke sabhI vaidika darzana tathA bauddha aura jainadarzana bhI use aprApyakArI hI mAnate haiN| yaha prApyAprApyakAritva kI carcA karIba do haz2Ara varSa ke pahile se prArambha huI jAna par3atI hai| phira kramaza: vaha uttarottara vistRta hote hote jaTila evaM manorajaka bhI bana gaI hai| pR0 23. paM0 5. 'atha prAppakAri'-nyAyavA0 pR0 36 / nyAyama0 pR0 73 / pR0 23. paM0 8. 'saugatAstu'-bauddha nyAyazAstra meM pratyakSa lakSaNa kI do paramparAeM dekhI jAtI haiM--pahalI abhrAntapada rahita aura dUsarI abhrAntapada sahita / pahalI paramparA kA puraskartA diGnAga aura dUsarI kA dharmakIrti hai| pramANasamuccaya ( 1. 3 ) aura nyAyapraveza meM (pR0 7) pahalI paramparA ke anusAra lakSaNa aura vyAkhyAna hai| nyAyabindu ( 1. 4) aura usakI dharmottarIya prAdi vRtti meM dUsarI paramparA ke anusAra lakSaNa evaM vyAkhyAna hai| 15 zAntarakSita ne tatvasaMgraha meM (kA0 1214) dharmakIrti kI dUsarI paramparA kA hI samarthana kiyA hai| jAna par3atA hai zAntarakSita ke samaya taka bauddha tArkikoM meM do pakSa spaSTarUpa se ho gaye the jinameM se eka pakSa abhrAntapada ke sivAya hI pratyakSa kA pUrNa lakSaNa mAnakara pIta zaGkhAdi bhrAnta jJAnoM meM bhI ( tattvasaM 0 kA0 1324 se ) diGnAga kathita pramANa lakSaNa-ghaTAne kA prayatna karatA thaa| 20 usa pakSa ko javAba dete hue diGnAga ke mata kA tAtparya zAntarakSita ne isa prakAra se batalAyA hai ki jisase diGnAga ke abhrAntapada rahita lakSaNavAkya kA samarthana bhI ho aura abhrAntapada sahita dharmakIrtIya paramparA kA vAstavikatva bhI banA rhe| zAntarakSita aura unake ziSya kamalazIla donoM kI dRSTi meM diGnAga tathA dharmakIrti kA samAna sthAna thaa| __ isI se unhoMne donoM virodhI bauddha tArkika pakSoM kA samanvaya karane kA prayatna kiyaa| 25 bauddhatara tarka granthoM meM ukta donoM bauddha paramparAoM kA khaNDana dekhA jAtA hai| bhAmaha ke kAvyAlaGkAra (5. 6. pR0 32 ) aura udyotakara ke nyAyavArtika meM ( 1. 1. 4. pR0 41 ) diGnAgIya pratyakSa lakSaNa kA hI ullekha pAyA jAtA hai jaba ki udyotakara ke bAda ke vAcaspati ( tAtparya0 pR0 154 ), jayanta ( maJjarI pR0 52 ), zrIdhara ( kandalI pR0 160 ) aura zAlikanAtha (prakaraNapa0 pR0 47 ) Adi sabhI prasiddha vaidika vidvAnoM kI kRtiyoM meM dharmakIrtIya pratyakSa 30 lakSaNa kA pUrvapakSa rUpa se ullekha hai| jaina AcAryoM ne jo bauddhasammata pratyakSa lakSaNa kA khaNDana kiyA hai usameM diGnAgIya aura dharmakIrtIya donoM lakSaNoM kA nirdeza evaM prativAda pAyA jAtA hai| siddhasena divAkara

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bhASATippaNAni / 1023. paM0 16.] jo bAdha kI kRti rUpa se mAne jAnevAle nyAyAvatAra meM jaina paramparAnusArI pramANa lakSaNa varjitapada - ( nyAyA0 1) hai vaha akSapAda ke ( nyAyasU0 1. 1. 4 ) pratyakSa lakSaNagata avyabhicAripada kA pratibimba hai yA kumArila kartR ke samajhe jAnevAle 'tatrApUrvArthavijJAnaM pramANaM bAdhavarjitam' lakSaNagata bAdhavarjita pada kI anukRti hai yA dharmakIrttIya (nyAyavi0 1. 4) abhrAntapada kA rUpAntara hai yA svayaM divAkara kA maulika udbhAvana hai yaha eka vicAraNIya prazna hai| 6 jo kucha ho para yaha to nizcita hI hai ki prA0 hemacandra kA bauddha pratyakSalakSaNa viSayaka khaNDana dharmakIrtIya paramparA ko uddeza meM rakhakara hI hai, diGnAgIya paramparA ko udda eza meM rakhakara nahIM / pR0 23. paM0 8. 'abhilApa' - bauddha lakSaNagata kalpanApoDha pada sthita kalpanA zabda ke artha ke sambandha meM khuda bauddha tArkikoM meM aneka bhinna-bhinna mata the jinakA kucha khayAla zAntarakSita ( tattvasaM 0 kA 0 1214 se ) kI isase sambandha rakhanevAlI vistRta carcA 10 se A sakatA hai, evaM aneka vaidika aura jaina tArkika jinhoMne bauddha-pakSa kA khaNDana kiyA hai unake vistRta UhApohAtmaka khaNDana grantha se bhI kalpanAzabda ke mAne jAnevAle aneka arthoM kA patA calatA hai / qhAsakara jaba hama kevala khaNDanapradhAna tatvopaplava grantha ( pR0 41. ) dekhate haiM taba to kalpanA zabda ke pracalita aura sambhavita karIba-karIba sabhI yA tadviSayaka matoM kA eka bar3A bhArI saMgraha hamAre sAmane upasthita hotA hai| 1 51 aisA hone para bhI prA0 hemacandra ne to sirfa dharmakIrtti abhimata ( nyAyavi0 1.5 ) kalpanA svarUpa kA -- jisakA svIkAra aura samarthana zAntarakSita ne bhI ( tattvasaM0 kA0 1214 ) kiyA hai-- hI ullekha apane khaNDana grantha meM kiyA hai anya kalpanAsvarUpa kA nahIM / pR0. 23. paM0 13. 'nirvikalpottarakAla' - tattvasaM 0 kA0 1306 / pR0. 23. paM0 16. 'jaiminIyAstu' - mImAMsAdarzana meM pratyakSa pramANa ke svarUpa kA 20 nirdeza sarvaprathama jaiminIya ( 1. 1. 4) sUtra meM hI milatA hai / isa sUtra ke Upara zAvara bhASya ke alAvA anya bhI vyAkhyAe~ aura vRttiyA~ thiiN| unameM se bhavadAsa kI vyAkhyA isa sUtra ko pratyakSa lakSaNa kA vidhAyaka mAnanevAlI thI - zlA0 nyAya0 pratyakSa0 zlo0 1 / dUsarI koI vyAkhyA isa sUtra ko vidhAyaka nahIM para anuvAdaka mAnanevAlI thI - zleAkavA0 pratyakSa0 zlA0 16 / koI vRtti aisI bhI thI ( zAvara bhA0 1. 1. 5 ) jo isa sUtra ke zAbdika vinyAsa 25 meM matabheda rakhakara pAThAntara mAnanevAlI thI arthAt sUtra meM jo sat aura tat zabda kA kramika sthAna hai usake badale tat aura sat zabda kA vyatyaya mAnatI thI / kumArila ne isa sUtra ko lakSaNa kA vidhAna yA svatantra anuvAdarUpa mAnanevAle pUrvamatoM kA nirAsa karake apane anokhe DhaGga se anta meM usa sUtra ko anuvAdarUpa hI sthApita kiyA hai aura sAtha hI usa pAThAntara mAnanevAle mata kA bhI nirAsa kiyA hai ( zlokavA 0 30 1 nyAyavA0 pR0 41 / tAtparya0 pR0 153 / kaMdalI pR0 161 / nyAyama0 pR0 62-65 / tatvArthazlo0 pR0 185 / prameyaka0 pR0 18. B. I 15

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12 pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 23. paM0 21pratyakSa0 zlA0 1-36 ) jaisA ki prabhAkara ne apane bRhatI grantha meN| pratyakSa lakSaNa paraka prastuta jaiminIya sUtra kA khaNDana mImAMsakabhinna vaidika, bauddha aura jaina sabhI tArkikoM ne kiyA hai| bauddha paramparA meM sabase prathama khaNDana karanevAle diGnAga (pramANasamu0 1. 37 ) jAna par3ate haiN| usI kA anusaraNa zAntarakSita Adi ne kiyA hai| vaidika paramparA meM 5 prathama khaNDana karanevAle udyotakara hI ( nyAyavA0 pR0 43 ) jAna par3ate haiN| vAcaspati to udyotakara ke hI TokAkAra haiM (tAtparya0 pR0 155 ) para jayanta ne ( nyAyama0 pR0 100 ) isake khaNDana meM vistAra aura svatantratA se kAma liyA hai| jaina paramparA meM isake khaNDanakAra sarvaprathama akalaGka yA vidyAnanda ( tattvArthazlA0 pR0 187 zlo0 37) jAna par3ate haiM / abhayadeva ( sanmatiTI0pR0 534 ) Adi ne unhIM kA anugamana kiyA hai| prA0 hemacandra ne 10 apane pUrvavartI jaina tArkikoM kA isa jaiminIya sUtra ke khaNDana meM jo anusaraNa kiyA hai vaha jayanta ke majarIgata ( pR0 100 ) khaNDana bhAga kA hI pratibimba mAtra hai jaisA ki anya jaina tArkika granthoM ( syAdvAdara0 pR0 381 ) meM hai| : khaNDana karate samaya A0 hemacandra ne kumArila-sammata anuvAdabhaGgI kA nirdeza kiyA hai aura usa vyatyayavAle pAThAntara kA bhii| pR0. 23. paM0 21. 'atra saMzayaviparyaya'-zlokavA0 pratyakSa0 zlA0 10 / pR0. 23. paM0 22. 'atha satsaMprayoga iti satA'-"bhavadAsena hi satA samprayoga iti uktam"-zlo0 nyAya0 pratyakSa0 zlo0 36 | pR0. 23. paM0 23. 'atha sati samprayoga'-zAbarabhA0 1. 1. 4 / pR0. 24. paM0 13. 'zrotrAdivRtti'-sAMkhya paramparA meM pratyakSa lakSaNa ke mukhya tIna 20 prakAra haiN| pahilA prakAra vindhyavAsI ke lakSaNa kA hai jise vAcaspati ne vArSagaNya ke nAma se nirdiSTa kiyA hai-tAtparya0 pR0 155 / dUsarA prakAra IzvarakRSNa ke lakSaNa kA ( sAMkhyakA0 5) aura tIsarA sAMkhyasUtragata ( sAMkhyasU0 1.89 ) lakSaNa kA hai / __ bauddhoM, jainoM aura naiyAyikoM ne sAMkhya ke pratyakSa lakSaNa kA khaNDana kiyA hai| dhyAna rakhane kI bAta yaha hai ki vindhyavAsI ke lakSaNa kA khaNDana to sabhI ne kiyA hai para 25 IzvarakRSNa jaise prAcIna sAMkhyAcArya ke lakSaNa kA khaNDana sirpha jayanta ( pR0 116 ) hI ne kiyA hai para sAMkhyasUtragata lakSaNa kA khaNDana to kisI ne bhI nahIM kiyA hai| bauddhoM meM prathama khaNDanakAra diGnAga (pramANasamu0 1. 27), naiyAyikoM meM prathama khaNDanakAra udyotakara ( nyAyavA0 pR0 43 ) aura jainoM meM prathama khaNDanakAra akalaGka (nyAyavi0 1. 165) hI jAna par3ate haiN| 30 " prA. hemacandra ne sAMkhya ke lakSaNa khaNDana meM pUrvAcAryoM kA anusaraNa kiyA hai para unakA khaNDana khAsakara jayantakRta ( nyAyama0 pR0 106 ) khaNDanAnusArI hai| jayantaM ne hI

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pR0 24. paM0 26.] bhaassaattippnnaani| vindhyavAsI aura IzvarakRSNa donoM ke lakSaNaprakAra kA khaNDana kiyA hai, hemacandra ne bhI unhoM ke zabdoM meM donoM hI ke lakSaNa kA khaNDana kiyA hai| pR0.24. paM0 24. 'pramANaviSaya-tulanA-"tatra yasyepsAjihAsAprayuktasya pravRttiH sa pramAtA, sa yenArtha pramiNati tat pramANam, yo'rthaH pramIyate tat prameyam, yat arthavijJAnaM sA pramitiH, catasRSu caivaMvidhAsvarthatattvaM parisamApyate / " nyAyabhA0 1. 1. 1 / ___a0 1. A. 1. sU0 30-33. pR0 24. vizva ke svarUpa viSayaka cintana kA mUla Rgveda se bhI prAcIna hai| isa cintana ke phalarUpa vividha darzana kramaza: vikasita aura sthApita hue jo saMkSepa meM pA~ca prakAra meM samA jAte haiM-kevala nityavAda, kevala anityavAda, pariNAmI nityavAda, nityAnitya ubhayavAda aura nityaanityaatmkvaad| kevala brahmavAdI vedAntI kevala nityavAdI haiM kyoMki unake mata se anityatva prAbhAsika mAtra hai| bauddha 10 kSaNikavAdI hone se kevalAnityavAdI haiN| sAMkhyayogAdi cetanabhinna jagat ko pariNAmI nitya mAnane ke kAraNa pariNAmI nityavAdI haiN| nyAya-vaizeSika Adi kucha padArthoM ko mAtra nitya aura kucha ko mAtra anitya mAnane ke kAraNa nityAnitya ubhayavAdI haiN| jainadarzana sabhI padArtho / ko nityAnityAtmaka mAnane ke kAraNa nityAnityAtmakavAdI hai| nityAnityatva viSayaka dArzaniko ke ukta siddhAnta zruti aura AgamakAlIna unake apane-apane grantha meM spaSTarUpa se 15 varNita pAye jAte haiM aura thor3A bahuta virodhI mantavyoM kA prativAda bhI unameM dekhA jAtA hai-sUtrakR0 1. 1. 15-18 / isa taraha tarka yuga ke pahile bhI vizva ke svarUpa ke sambandha meM nAnA darzana aura unameM pArasparika pakSa-pratipakSabhAva sthApita ho gayA thaa| tarkayuga arthAt karIba do haz2Ara varSa ke darzanasAhitya meM usI pArasparika pakSapratipakSa bhAva ke AdhAra para ve darzana apane-apane mantavya kA samarthana aura virodhI mantavyoM kA 20 khaNDana vizeSa-vizeSa yukti-tarka ke dvArA karate hue dekhe jAte haiN| isI tarkayuddha ke phalasvarUpa tarkapradhAna darzanagranthoM meM yaha nirUpaNa saba dArzanikoM ke vAste Avazyaka ho gayA ki pramANanirUpaNa ke bAda pramANa ke viSaya kA svarUpa apanI-apanI dRSTi se batalAnA, apane mantavya kI koI kasauTI rakhanA aura usa kasauTI ko apane hI pakSa meM lAgU karake apane patta kI yathArthatA sAbita karanA evaM virodhI pakSoM meM usa kasauTI kA prabhAva dikhAkara 25 unakI avAstavikatA sAbita krnaa| prA. hemacandra ne isI tarkayuga kI zailI kA anusaraNa karake prastuta cAra sUtroM meM pramANa ke viSayarUpa se samasta vizva kA jainadarzanasammata siddhAnta, usakI kasauTI aura usa kasauTI .1 "eka sadviprA bahudhA vadanti |"-Rg0 praSTa0 2. 103 30 23. ma0 46 / nAsadIyasUkta Rga0 10. 126 / hiraNyagarbhasUkta Rga0 10.121 /

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54 pramANamImAMsAyAH pR0 24. paM0 28 kA apane hI pakSa meM sambhava yaha saba batalAyA hai| vastu kA svarUpa dravya-paryAyatmikatva, nityAnityatva yA sadasadAtmakatvAdirUpa jo AgamoM meM vizeSa yukti, hetu yA kasauTI ke sivAya varNita pAyA jAtA hai (bhaga0 za. 1. u0 3; za0 6. u0 33 ) usI ko prA0 hemacandra ne batalAyA hai, para tarka aura hetupUrvaka / tarkayuga meM vastusvarUpa kI nizcAyaka jo vividha kasauTiyA~ mAnI jAtI thI jaise ki nyAyasammata-sattA yogarUpa sattva, sAMkhyasammata pramANa viSayatvarUpa satva, tathA bauddhasammata-arthakriyAkAritvarUpa sattva ityAdi--unameM se antima arthAt arthakriyAkAritva ko hI prA0 hemacandra kasauTI rUpa se svIkAra karate haiM jo sambhavataH pahile pahila bauddha tArkikoM ke dvArA ( pramANavA0 3. 3 ) hI udbhAvita huI jAna par3atI hai| jisa arthakriyAkAritva kI kasauTI ko lAgU karake bauddha tArkikoM ne vastumAtra 10 meM svAbhimata kSaNikatva siddha kiyA hai aura jisa kasauTI ke dvArA hI unhoMne kevala nityavAda ( tattvasaM 0 kA0 364 se ) aura jaina sammata nityAnityAtmaka vAdAdi kA ( tattvasaM0 kA. 1738 se ) vikaTa tarka jAla se khaNDana kiyA hai, prA. hemacandra ne usI kasauTI ko apane pakSa meM lAgU karake jaina sammata nityAnityAtmakatva arthAt dravyaparyAyAtmakatva vAda kA sayuktika samarthana kiyA hai aura vedAnta Adi ke kevala nityavAda tathA bauddhoM ke kevala ani15 tyatva vAda kA usI kasauTI ke dvArA prabala khaNDana bhI kiyA hai| pR0. 24. paM0 26 'lAghavamapi'-tulanA-nyAyabi0 TI0 1. 17 / . pR0.24. paM0 30. 'dravati'-prAkRta-pAlI dava-dabba zabda aura saMskRta dravya zabda bahuta prAcIna hai| lokavyavahAra meM tathA kAvya, vyAkaraNa, Ayurveda, darzana Adi nAnA zAstroM meM bhinna-bhinna arthoM meM usakA prayoga bhI bahuta prAcIna evaM rUMr3ha jAna par3atA hai| 20 usake prayoga-pracAra kI vyApakatA ko dekhakara pANini ne apanI aSTAdhyAyI meM use sthAna dekara do prakAra se usakI vyutpatti batalAI hai jisakA anukaraNa pichale sabhI vaiyAkaraNoM ne kiyA hai| taddhita prakaraNa meM dravya zabda ke sAdhaka khAsa jo do sUtra (5. 3. 104; 4. 3 161 ) banAye gaye haiM unake alAvA dravya zabda siddhi kA eka tIsarA bhI prakAra kRt prakaraNa meM hai| taddhita ke anusAra pahalI vyutpatti yaha hai ki dru= vRkSa yA kASTha + ya = vikAra yA 25 avayava arthAt vRkSa yA kASTha kA vikAra tathA avayava drvy| dUsarI vyutpatti yoM hai-P= kASTha + ya = tulye arthAt jaise sIdho aura sAfa sutharI lakar3I banAne para iSTa AkAra dhAraNa kara sakatI hai vaise hI jo rAjaputra Adi zikSA diye jAne para rAja yogya guNa dhAraNa karane kA pAtra hai vaha bhAvI guNoM kI yogyatA ke kAraNa dravya kahalAtA hai| isI prakAra aneka upakAroM kI yogyatA rakhane ke kAraNa dhana bhI dravya kahA jAtA hai| kRdanta prakaraNa ke 30 anusAra gati-prApti arthavAle dru dhAtu se karmArthaka ya pratyaya Ane para bhI dravya zabda niSpanna hotA hai jisakA artha hotA hai prApti yogya arthAt jise aneka avasthAe~ prApta hotI haiM / vahA~ vyAkaraNa ke niyamAnusAra ukta tIna prakAra kI vyutpatti meM loka-zAstra prasiddha dravya zabda ke sabhI arthoM kA kisI na kisI prakAra se samAveza ho hI jAtA hai|

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pR0 24. paM0 30.] bhaassaattippnnaani| 55 yadyapi jaina sAhitya meM bhI karIba-karIba unhIM sabhI arthoM meM prayukta dravya zabda dekhA jAtA hai tathApi dravya zabda kI jaina prayoga paripATI aneka aMzoM meM anya saba zAstroM se bhinna bhI hai| nAma, sthApanA, dravya, bhAva Adi nikSepa ( tattvArtha0 1.5 ) prasaGga meM; dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva Adi prasaGga meM ( bhagaH za0 2. u0 1); dravyArthika paryAyArthikarUpa naya ke prasaGga meM ( tattvArthabhA. 5. 31 ); dravyAcArya ( paJcAzaka 6 ), bhAvAcArya Adi prasaGga meM; dravyakarma, bhAva / karma Adi prasaGga meM prayukta honevAlA dravya zabda jaina paribhASA ke anusAra khAsa-khAsa artha kA bodhaka hai jo artha taddhita prakaraNasAdhita bhavya-yogya arthavAle dravya zabda ke bahuta naz2adIka haiM arthAt ve sabhI artha bhavya artha ke bhinna-bhinna rUpAntara haiN| vizva ke mAlika padArthoM ke artha meM bhI dravya zabda jaina darzana meM pAyA jAtA hai jaise jIva, pudgala Adi chaH dravya / nyAya vaizeSika Adi darzanoM meM ( vai0 sU0 1. 1. 15 ) dravya zabda guNa-karmAdhAra artha 10 meM prasiddha hai jaise pRthvI jala Adi nava dravya / isI artha ko lekara bhI uttarAdhyayana (28.6) jaise prAcIna Agama meM dravya zabda jaina darzana sammata chaH dravyoM meM lAgU kiyA gayA dekhA jAtA hai| mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ne ( pAta. mahA0 pR0 58) aneka bhinna-bhinna sthaloM meM dravya zabda ke artha kI carcA kI hai| unhoMne eka jagaha kahA hai ki ghar3e ko tor3akara kuNDI aura kuNDI ko tor3akara ghar3A banAyA jAtA hai evaM kaTaka, kuNDala Adi bhinna-bhinna pralaGkAra 15 eka dUsare ko tor3akara eka dUsare ke badale meM banAye jAte haiM phira bhI una saba bhinna-bhinnakAlIna bhinna-bhinna prAkRtiyoM meM jo miTTI yA suvarNa nAmaka tattva kAyama rahatA hai vahI aneka bhinna-bhinna AkAroM meM sthira rahanevAlA tatva dravya kahalAtA hai| dravya zabda kI yaha vyAkhyA yogasUtra ke vyAsabhASya meM ( 3. 13 ) bhI jyoM kI tyoM hai aura mImAMsaka kumArila ne bhI vahI (zlokavA0 vana0 zlo0 21-22 ) vyAkhyA lI hai| pataJjali ne dUsarI jagaha ( pAta. 20 mahA0 4. 1. 3, 5 1. 116 ) guNa samudAya yA guNa sandrAva ko dravya kahA hai| yaha vyAkhyA bauddha prakriyA meM vizeSa saGgata hai| jude-jude guNoM ke prAdurbhAva hote rahane para bhI arthAt jaina paribhASA ke anusAra paryAyoM ke navanavotpAda hote rahane para bhI jisake mAlikatva kA nAza nahIM hotA vaha dravya aisI bhI saMkSipta vyAkhyA pataJjali ke mahAbhASya ( 5. 1. 116 ) meM hai| mahAbhASyaprasiddha aura bAda ke vyAsabhASya, zlokavAtika prAdi meM samarthita dravya zabda kI 25 ukta sabhI vyAkhyAe~ jaina paramparA meM umAsvAti ke sUtra aura bhASya meM ( 5. 26, 30, 37 ) sabase pahile saMgRhIta dekhI jAtI haiN| jinabhadra tamAzramaNa ne to ( vizeSA0 gA0 28) apane bhASya meM apane samaya taka pracalita sabhI vyAkhyAoM kA saMgraha karake dravya zabda kA nirvacana batalAyA hai| akalaGka ke ( laghI0 2. 1 ) hI zabdoM meM viSaya kA svarUpa batalAte hue prA0 hemacandra 30 ne dravya zabda kA prayoga karake usakA Agamaprasiddha aura vyAkaraNa tathA darzanAntarasammata dhruvabhAva ( zAzvata, sthira ) artha hI batalAyA hai| aisA artha batalAte samaya usakI jo vyutpatti dikhAI hai vaha kRt prakaraNAnusArI arthAt du dhAtu + ya pratyaya janita hai|

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56 - pramANamImAMsAyA: [pR0 24: paM0 30.... pramANaviSaya ke svarUpakathana meM dravya ke sAtha paryAyazabda kA bhI prayoga hai| saMskRta, prAkRta, pAlI jaisI zAsrIya bhASAoM meM vaha zabda bahuta purAnA aura prasiddha hai para jaina darzana meM usakA jo pAribhASika artha hai vaha artha anya darzanoM meM nahIM dekhA jaataa| utpAdavinAzazAlI yA AvirbhAva-tirobhAvavAle jo dharma, jo vizeSa yA jo avasthAe~ dravyagata hotI 5 haiM ve hI paryAya yA pariNAma ke nAma se jaina darzana meM prasiddha haiM jinake vAste nyAya-vaizeSika prAdi darzanoM meM guNa zabda prayukta hotA hai| guNa, kriyA Adi sabhI dravyagata dharmoM ke artha meM prA0 hemacandra ne paryAyazabda kA prayoga kiyA hai para guNa tathA paryAya zabda ke bAre meM jaina darzana kA itihAsa khAsa jJAtavya hai| bhagavatI Adi prAcInatara AgamoM meM guNa aura paryAya donoM zabda dekhe jAte haiN| 10 uttarAdhyayana ( 28. 13 ) meM unakA arthabheda spaSTa hai| kundakunda, umAsvAti (tattvArtha0 5. 37) aura pUjyapAda ne bhI usI arthabheda kA kathana evaM samarthana kiyA hai| vidyAnanda ne bhI apane tarkavAda se usI bheda kA samarthana kiyA hai para vidyAnanda ke pUrvavartI akalaGka ne guNa aura paryAya ke arthoM kA bhedAbheda batalAyA hai jisakA anukaraNa amRtacandra ne bhI kiyA hai aura vaisA hI bhedAbheda samarthana tattvArthabhASya kI TIkA meM siddhasena ne bhI kiyA hai| 15 isa bAre meM siddhasena divAkara kA eka nayA prasthAna jaina tattvajJAna meM zurU hotA hai jisameM guNa aura paryAya donoM zabdoM ko kevala ekArthaka hI sthApita kiyA hai aura kahA hai ki ve donoM zabda paryAya mAtra haiN| divAkara kI abheda samarthaka yukti yaha hai ki AgamoM meM guNapada kA yadi paryAya pada se bhinna artha abhipreta hotA to jaise bhagavAn ne dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika do prakAra se dezanA kI hai vaise ve tIsarI guNArthika dezanA bhI karate / jAna par3atA hai isI 20 yukti kA asara haribhadra para par3A jisase usane bho abhedavAda hI mAnya rkkhaa| yadyapi devasUri ne guNa aura paryAya donoM ke arthabheda batalAne kI ceSTA kI ( pramANana0 5.7, 8) hai phira bhI jAna par3atA hai unake dila para bhI abheda kA hI prabhAva hai| prA0 hemacandra ne to viSayalakSaNa sUtra meM guNapada ko sthAna hI nahIM diyA aura na guNa-paryAya zabdoM ke artha viSayaka bhedAbheda kI carcA hI kii| isase prA0 hemacandra kA isa bAre meM mantavya spaSTa ho 25 jAtA hai ki ve bhI abheda ke hI samarthaka haiN| upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne bhI isI abheda pakSa ko sthApita kiyA hai| isa vistRta itihAsa se itanA kahA jA sakatA hai ki Agama jaise prAcIna yuga meM guNa-paryAya donoM zabda prayukta hote rahe hoNge| tarkayuga ke prArambha aura vikAsa ke sAtha hI sAtha unake arthaviSayaka bheda abheda kI carcA zurU huI aura Age bddh'ii| phalasvarUpa bhinna-bhinna prAcAryoM ne isa viSaya meM apanA bhinna-bhinna dRSTibindu prakaTa kiyA 30 aura sthApita bhI kiyA / / isa prasaGga meM guNa aura paryAya zabda ke arthaviSayaka pArasparika bhedAbheda kI taraha paryAya-guNa aura dravya ina donoM ke pArasparika bhedAbheda viSayaka carcA kA dArzanika itihAsa 1 isa viSaya ke sabhI pramANa ke lie dekho 'sanmatiTI0 pR0 631. tti04|

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pR. 25. paM0 24.] bhaassaattippnnaani| jAnane yogya hai| nyAya-vaizeSika prAdi darzana bhedavAdI hone se prathama se hI Aja taka guNa, karma Adi kA dravya se bheda mAnate haiN| abhedavAdI sAMkhya, vedAntAdi unakA dravya se abheda mAnate Aye haiN| ye bhedAbheda ke patta bahuta purAne haiM kyoMki khuda mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali isa bAre meM manorajaka aura vizada carcA zurU karate haiN| ve prazna uThAte haiM ki dravya, zabda, sparza prAdi guNoM se anya hai yA ananya 1 / donoM pakSoM ko spaSTa karake phira ve anta / meM bhedapakSa kA samarthana karate haiM / jAnane yogya khAsa bAta to yaha hai ki guNa-dravya yA guNa-paryAya ke jisa bhedAbheda kI sthApanA evaM samarthana ke vAste siddhasena, samantabhadra Adi jaina tArkikoM ne apanI kRtiyoM meM khAsA puruSArtha kiyA hai usI bhedAbhedavAda kA samarthana mImAMsakadhurINa kumArila ne bhI bar3I spaSTatA evaM tarkavAda se kiyA hai-zlokavA0 AkR0 zlo0 4-64; vana0 zlo0 21-80 / 10 prA. hemacandra ko dravya-paryAya kA pArasparika bhedAbheda vAda hI sammata hai jaisA anya jainAcAryoM ko| pR0 25. paM0 1. 'pUrvottaravivarta'-tulanA-"parAparavivarttavyApidravyamUrkhatA mRdiva sthAsAdiSu |'-prii0 4.5 / pramANana0 5. 5 / pR0 25. paM0 8. 'dAhiM'-vyAkhyA "dvAbhyAmapi dravyArthikaparyAyArthikanayAbhyAM praNItaM 15 zAkham ulUkana vaizeSikazAstrapraNetrA dravyaguNAdeH padArthaSaTkasya nityAnityaikAntarUpasya tatra pratipAdanAt...tatazcaitat zAstraM tathApi mithyAtvam tatpradarzitapadArthaSaTkasya pramANabAdhita. tvAt...jaM savisaya ityAdinA gAthApazcArddhana hetumAha-yasmAt svaviSayapradhAnatAvyavasthitA'nyonyanirapekSobhayanayAzritaM tat, anyonyanirapekSanayAzritatvasya mithyAtvAdinA'vinA. bhUtatvAt |"-snmtittii0 pR. 656. 704 / pR0 25. paM0 24. 'tatra na dravyaikarUpoM'-bhAratIya darzanoM meM kevala nityatva, kevala anityatva, nityAnitya-ubhaya, aura pariNAminityatva ina cAroM vAdoM ke mUla bhagavAna mahAvIra aura buddha ke pahile bhI dekhe jAte haiM para ina vAdoM kI vizeSa spaSTa sthApanA aura usa sthApanA 20 1 "kiM punadravyaM ke punrgunnaaH| zabdasparzarUparasagandhA guNAstato'nyad dravyam / kiM punaranyacchabdAdibhyo dravyamAhosvidananyat / guNasyAyaM bhAvAt dravye zabdanivezaM kurvan khyApayatyanyacchabdAdibhyo drvymiti| ananyacchabdAdibhyo drvym| na hynyduplbhyte| pazoH khalvapi vizasitasyAparNazate nyastasya nAnyacchandAdibhya uplbhyte| anyacchabdAdibhyo dravyam / tat tvanumAnagamyam / tadyathA / oSadhivanaspatInAM vRddhihaasau| jyotiSAM gatiriti / kosAvanumAnaH / iha samAne varmaNi pariNAhe ca anyattulAnaM bhavati lohasya anyat kArpAsAnAM yatkRto vizeSastad dravyam / tathA kazcidekenaiva prahAreNa vyapavarga karoti kazcit dvAbhyAmapi na karoti / yatkRto vizeSastad dravyam / athavA yasya guNAntareSvapi prAdurbhavatsu tattvaM na vihanyate tad dravyam / kiM punastattvam / taMbhAvastattvam / tdythaa| AmalakAdInAM phalAnAM raktAdayaH pItAdayazca guNAH prAdurbhavanti / aAmalakaM badaramityeva bhavati / anvartha khala nirvacanaM guNasaMdrAvo dravyamiti |"-paat. mahA05.1. 116 /

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58 pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 25. paM0 24ke anukUla yuktivAda kA patA, usa purAne samaya ke sAhitya meM nahIM cltaa| "buddha ne prAcIna anityatva kI bhAvanA ke Upara itanA z2ora diyA ki jisase Age jAkara kramazaH do pariNAma darzanakSetra meM prakaTa hue| eka to yaha ki anya sabhI vAda usa anityatva arthAt kSaNikatvavAda ke viruddha kamara kasakara khar3e hue aura sabhI ne apanA sthApana apane 5 DhaGga se karate hue kSaNikatva ke nirAsa kA prabala prayatna kiyaa| dUsarA pariNAma yaha pAyA ki khuda bauddha paramparA meM kSaNikatvavAda jo mUla meM vairAgyapoSaka bhAvanArUpa hone se eka naitika yA cAritrIya vastusvarUpa thA usane tattvajJAna kA pUrA vyApakarUpa dhAraNa kiyaa| aura vaha usake samarthaka tathA virodhiyoM kI dRSTi meM anya tAttvika viSayoM kI taraha tAttvikarUpa se hI cintA kA viSaya bana gyaa| 10 buddha, mahAvIra ke samaya se lekara aneka zatAbdiyoM taka ke dArzanika sAhitya meM hama dekhate haiM ki pratyeka vAda kI satyatA kI kasauTI ekamAtra bandhamokSa-vyavasthA aura karma-phala ke kartRtva-bhoktRtva kI vyavasthA rahI hai| kevala anityatvavAdI bauddhoM kI apane pakSa kI yathArthatA ke bAre meM dalIla yahI rahI ki AtmA Adi ko kevala nitya mAnane se na to bandha mokSa kI vyavasthA hI ghaTa sakatI hai aura na karma-phala ke kartRtva-bhoktRtva kA sAmAnAdhi15 karaNya hii| kevala nityatvavAdI aupaniSada Adi dArzanikoM (bra0 zAGkarabhA0 2. 2. 16) kI bhI bauddha vAda ke viruddha yahI dalIla rhii| pariNAminityatvavAdI jainadarzana ne bhI kevala nityatva aura kevala anityatva vAda ke viruddha yahI kahA ki AtmA kevala nitya yA kevala anitya-mAtra ho to saMsAra-mokSa kI vyavasthA, karma ke kartA ko hI karmaphala milane kI vyavasthA, mokSopAya rUpa se dAna Adi zubha karma kA vidhAna aura dIkSA Adi kA upAdAna 20 ye saba ghaTa nahIM sakate2 / bhAratIya darzanoM kI tAttvika cintA kA utthAna aura khAsa kara usakA poSaNa evaM vikAsa karmasiddhAnta evaM saMsAranivRtti tathA mokSaprApti kI bhAvanA meM se phalita humA hai| isase zurU meM yaha svAbhAvika thA ki hara eka darzana apane vAda kI yathArthatA meM aura dUsare darzanoM ke vAda kI ayathArthatA meM unhIM karmasiddhAnta Adi kI duhAI deveN| para jaise-jaise 25 adhyAtmamUlaka isa dArzanika kSetra meM tarkavAda kA praveza adhikAdhika hone lagA aura vaha kramaza: yahA~ taka bar3hA ki zuddha tarkavAda ke sAmane AdhyAtmikavAda eka taraha se gauNa sA ho gayA taba kevala nityatvAdi ukta vAdoM kI satyatA kI kasauTI bhI anya ho gii| tarka ne kahA ki jo arthakriyAkArI hai vahI vastu sat ho sakatI hai dUsarI nahIM / arthakriyA 1"tadevaM sattvabhede kRtahAnamakRtAbhyAgamaH prasajyate--sati ca satvotpAde sattvanirodhe ca akarmanimittaH sattvasargaH prApnoti tatra muktyartho brahmacaryavAso na syAt |"-nyaaybhaa03 1.4 / 2"davvaTriyassa jo ceva kuNai so ceva veyae nniymaa| araNo karei aNNo paribhujaha pajayaNayassa ||"-snmti01.52| "na bandhamokSau kSaNikaikasaMsthau na saMvRtiH sApi mRssaasvbhaavaa| mukhyAhate gauNavidhirna dRSTo vibhrAntadRSTistava dRSTito'nyA ||"-yukty0 kA0 15 /

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pR0 25. paM0 24. ] bhASATippaNAni / kAritva kI isa tArkika kasauTI kA zreya jahA~ taka jJAta hai, bauddha paramparA ko hai / isase yaha svAbhAvika hai ki bauddha dArzanika kSaNikatva ke pakSa meM usa kasauTI kA upayoga kareM aura dUsare vAdoM ke viruddha / hama dekhate haiM ki huA bhI aisA hI / bauddhoM ne kahA ki jo kSaNika nahIM vaha arthakriyAkArI ho nahIM sakatA aura jo arthakriyAkArI nahIM vaha sat arthAt pAramArthika ho nahIM sakatA- - aisI vyApti nirmita karake unhoMne kevala nityapakSa meM artha . 5 kriyAkAritva kA asaMbhava dikhAne ke vAste krama aura yaugapadya kA jaTila vikalpajAla racA aura usa vikalpajAla se anta meM siddha kiyA ki kevala nitya padArtha arthakriyA kara hI nahIM sakatA ataeva vaisA padArtha pAramArthika ho nahIM sakatA-vAdanyAya pR0 6 / bauddhoM ne kevala nityatvavAda (tavasaM 0 kA 0 364 ) kI taraha jainadarzanasammata pariNAminityatvavAda arthAt dravyaparyAyAtmakavAda yA eka vastu ko dvirUpa mAnanevAle vAda ke nirAsa meM bhI usI artha - 10 kriyAkAritva kI kasauTI kA upayoga kiyA - tattvasaM0 kA0 1738 / unhoMne kahA ki eka hI padArtha sat asat ubhayarUpa nahIM bana sktaa| kyoMki eka hI padArtha arthakriyA kA karanevAlA aura nahIM karanevAlA kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ? / isa taraha bauddhoM ke prativAdI darzana vaidika aura jaina do vibhAga meM ba~Ta jAte haiM I vaidika paraMparA meM se, jahA~ taka mAlUma hai, sabase pahile vAcaspati mizra aura jayanta 15 ne usa bauddhodbhAvita arthakriyAkAritva kI kasauTI kA prativAda kiyA / yadyapi vAcaspati aura jayanta donoM kA lakSya eka hI hai aura vaha yaha ki akSaNika evaM nitya vastu siddha karanA, to bhI unhoMne arthakriyAkAritva jise bauddhoM ne kevalanityapakSa meM asambhava batalAyA thA usakA bauddha sammata kSaNikapakSa meM asambhava batalAte hue bhinna-bhinna vicArasaraNI kA anusaraNa kiyA hai / vAcaspati ne sApekSatva anapekSatva kA vikalpa karake kSaNika meM arthakriyA - 15 kAritva kA asambhava sAbita kiyA ( tAtparya0 pR0 554 - 6 / nyAyakaNikA pR0 130-6 ), tA jayanta ne bauddha svIkRta kramayaugapadya ke vikalpajAla ko hI lekara bauddhavAda kA khaNDana kiyAnyAyama0 pR0 453, 464 / bhadanta yogasena ne bhI, jinakA pUrvapakSI rUpa se nirdeza kamalazIla ne tanvasaMgrahapaJjikA meM kiyA hai, bauddha sammata kSaNikatvavAda ke viruddha jo vikalpajAla racA hai usameM bhI bauddhasvIkRta kramayaiaugapadyavikalpacakra ko hI bauddhoM ke viruddha calAyA hai- 20 tattvasaM0 kA0 428 se / yadyapi bhadanta vizeSaNa hone se yogasena ke bauddha hone kI sambhAvanA kI jAtI hai tathApi jahA~ taka bauddha paraMparA meM nityatva -- sthiravAda poSaka pakSa ke astitva kA prAmANika patA na cale taba taka yahI kalpanA ThIka hogI ki zAyada vaha jaina, prajIvaka yA sAMkhyaparivrAjaka ho / jo kucha ho yaha to nizcita hI hai ki bauddhoM kI arthakriyAkAritva vAlI tArkika kasauTI ko lekara hI bauddhasammata kSaNikatvavAda kA khaNDana nityavAdI vaidika 25 vidvAnoM ne kiyA / caNikatvavAda ke dUsare prabala prativAdI jaina rhe| katva kA nirAsa usI prarthakriyAkAritvavAlI bauddhodbhAvita ka 5/ unhoMne bhI tarkayuga meM kSaNitArkika kasauTI ko lekara hI

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60 pramANamImAMsAyAH kiyA / jahA~ taka mAlUma hai jaina paraMparA meM sabase pahile isa kasauTI ke dvArA kSaNikatva kA nirAsa karanevAle prakalaGka 1 haiM / unhoMne usa kasauTI ke dvArA vaidikasammata kevala nityatvavAda kA khaNDana to vaise hI kiyA jaisA bauddhoM ne / aura usI kasauTI ke dvArA kSaNikatva vAda kA khaNDana bhI vaise hI kiyA jaisA bhadanta yogasena aura jayanta ne kiyA hai| yaha bAta 5 smaraNa rakhane yogya hai ki nityatva yA kSaNikatvAdi vAdoM ke khaNDana-maNDana meM vividha vikalpa ke sAtha arthakriyAkAritva kI kasauTI kA praveza tarkayuga meM huA taba bhI ukta vAdoM ke khaNDanamaNDana meM kAma lAI gaI prAcIna bandhamokSavyavasthA Adi kasauTI kA upayoga bilakula zUnya nahIM huA, vaha gauNamAtra avazya ho gayA / 20 eka hI vastu kI dravya paryAyarUpa se yA sadasad evaM nityAnityAdi rUpa se jaina 10 evaM jaiminIya Adi darzanasammata dvirUpatA kA bauddhoM ne jo khaNDana kiyA ( tattvasaM0 kA0 222, 311, 312.), usakA javAba baiddhoM kI hI vikalpajAlajaTila prakriyAkAritvavAlo dalIla se denA akalaGka Adi jainAcAryoM ne zurU kiyA jisakA anusaraNa pichale sabhI jaina tArkikoM ne kiyA hai / 0 hemacandra bhI usI mArga kA avalambana karake isa jagaha pahile kevala nityatvavAda kA khaNDana bauddhoM ke hI zabdoM meM karate haiM aura kevalakSaNikatvavAda kA 15 khaNDana bhI bhadanta yogasena yA jayanta Adi ke zabdoM meM karate haiM aura sAtha hI jainadarzanasammata dravyaparyAyavAda ke samarthana ke vAste usI kasauTI kA upayoga karake kahate haiM ki arthakriyAkAritva jainavAda pakSa meM hI ghaTa sakatA hai / pR0 25. paM0 27. 'samartho'pi ' - tulanA - bhAmatI 2.2.26 / pR0 26. paM0 20. ' paryAyaikAnta' - tulanA-tattvasaM0 kA0 428-434 | pR0 26, paM0 25, 'santAnasya - bauddhadarzana kSaNikavAdI hone se kisI bhI vastu ko eka kSaNa se adhika sthira nahIM mAnatA / vaha kAryakAraNabhAvarUpa se pravRtta kSaNika bhAvoM ke avicchinna pravAha ko saMtAna kahakara usake dvArA ekatva - sthiratvAdi kI pratIti ghaTAtA hai / para vaha santAna nAmaka kisI cIz2a ko kSaNikabhinna pAramArthika satya rUpa nahIM mAnatA / usake matAnusAra jaise aneka vRkSoM ke vAste vana zabda vyavahAra ke subhIte kI dRSTi se sake52 tika hai, vaise hI santAna zabda bhI aneka bhinna-bhinna kSaNika bhAvoM ke vAste hI sAMketika hai| isa bhAva kA pratipAdana khuda bauddha vidvAnoM ne hI apane-apane pAlI tathA saMskRta granthoM meM kiyA hai - visuddha 0 0 585, bodhicaryA0 pR0 334; tattvasaM0 kA0 1877 / bauddhasammata kSaNikavAda kA virodha sabhI vaidika darzanoM aura jainadarzana ne bhI kiyA hai| unhoMne kisI na kisI prakAra se sthiratva siddha karane ke vAste bauddhasammata santAna pada ke artha 30 kI yathArtha samAlocanA kI hai| jainadarzana ko kSaNavAda iSTa hone para bhI bauddhadarzana kI taraha kevala kAlpanika santAna iSTa nahIM hai / vaha do yA adhika kSaNoM ke bIca eka vAstavika kramAkramAbhyAM bhAvAnAM sA lakSaNatayA matA // " 1 " arthakriyA na yujyeta nityakSaNikapakSayoH / laghI0 2.1 / [ pR0 25. paM0 27

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pR0 28. paM0 2.] bhASATippaNAni / sthira anvayAMza ko mAnatA hai ( tattvArtha0 5. 26), jise bauddhadarzana nahIM mAnatA, santAna ke khaNDana ke viSaya meM prA0 hemacandra ne santAnakhaNDanakArI pUrvavartI vaidika aura jaina paraMparA kA anusaraNa kiyA hai / pR0 20. paM0 17. 'sattAyogAta-tulanA-lagho0 4. 10 / anyayo0 7.8 / . pR0 28. paM0 2. 'na cAso'-eka hI vastu ko yathAsambhava aneka dRSTiyoM se vicaarnaa| aura tadanusAra usakA pratipAdana karanA yaha anekAntadRSTi yA anekAntavAda hai| isa bhAva ke sUcaka anekAntavAda, syAdvAda, vibhajyavAda Adi zabda prasiddha haiN| ye zabda buddhamahAvIra ke samakAlIna aura unake kucha pUrvavartI sAhitya taka meM saMskRta-prAkRta bhASAoM meM karIba-karIba usI bhAva meM prayukta pAye jAte haiM2 / bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samakAlIna bauddha aura vaidika darzanoM meM tathA unake kucha pUrvavartI vaidika darzanoM taka meM hama dekhate haiM ki ve darzana 10 apane-apane abhimata siddhAnta kA kevala eka hI dRSTi se vicAra nahIM karate, ve bhI-yathAsambhava vividha dRSTiyoM se apane-apane siddhAnta kA sthApana karate haiM3 / aisI dazA meM yaha prazna honA svAbhAvika hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra jaise AdhyAtmika aura gambhIra puruSa ne apane hI ko anekAntavAdI yA vibhajyavAdI kaise kahA ? / athavA yoM kahie ki jainadarzana hI anekAntavAdI yA vibhajyavAdI kaise samajhA jAne lagA ? / isakA khulAsA yaha jAna par3atA hai ki 15 bezaka prasiddha vaidika bauddha Adi darzanoM meM bhI tattva kA cintana aneka dRSTiyoM se hotA thA phira bhI mahAvIra kA yaha dRr3ha mantavya thA aura saca bhI thA ki bauddha siddhAnta meM tAttvika rUpa se " kSaNikatva ko hI sthAna hai usameM nityatva upacarita aura avAstavikarUpa se mAnA jAtA hai| . isI taraha aupaniSadAdi siddhAntoM meM prAtmA Adi tAttvikarUpa se nitya hI haiM, anityatva yA . pariNAmamAtra aupacArika yA avAstavikarUpa se mAnA jAtA hai, jaba ki mahAvIra AtmA 20 Adi padArthoM ko tAttvikarUpa se nitya-anitya ubhaya svarUpa mAnakara ubhaya aMza ko samAna rUpa se vAstavika hI batalAte the| bahuta sambhava hai isI dRSTibheda ko lekara bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apane darzana ko anekAnta kahA aura auroM ko ekaant| mahAvIra ke upadiSTa prAcIna upadezoM meM hama dekhate haiM ki AtmA, loka prAdi ke sambandha meM unako dravyAstika-paryAyAstika tathA zAzvata-prazAzvata donoM dRSTiyA~ samapradhAna4 haiM; koI eka vAstavika aura dUsarI avAstavika 25 nahIM hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki isake bAda ke prAja taka ke jaina vicAravikAsa meM isa bAre meM koI parivartana nahIM dekhA jaataa| jAna par3atA hai kisI eka tattva kI nirUpaka vividha dRSTiyoM ke samaprAdhAnya aura vargIkaraNa kI ora bhagavAna mahAvIra kA khAsa jhukAva thA isI kAraNa 1 nyAyama0 pR0464| aSTaza0 asstts0pR0165| 2 sUtrakR01. 14.16-22 / majjhima0 2.5. 6 / 3 mahAvagga 3. 6. 4.8 / "eka sadviprA bahudhA vadanti"-Rgveda aSTa. 2. a0 3. va0 23. mN046| 4 bhaga0za01. u03; za06. u033||

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pramANamImAMsAyA: [ pR0 28. paM0 2-- unake upadezoM meM naya nikSepa Adi rUpa se dRSTiyoM kA vibhAjana aura saMgraha pAyA jAtA hai, cAhe vaha prAcIna DhaGga se hI kyoM na ho, jaisA ki jainetara darzana sAhitya meM nahIM hai aura jisake AdhAra para uttarakAlIna jaina sAhitya meM nayavAda, anekAntavAda nAmaka svatantra sAhitya kA prakAra ho vikasita huaa| prAcIna jaina AgamoM ke dekhane se jAna par3atA hai ki una dinoM prAsmA, loka ( bhaga0 za0 2. u0 1; za0 6. u0 33; za0 12. u0 10.) Adi tAttvika padArtha hI naya yA anekAnta kI vicArasaraNI ke mukhyatayA viSaya rahe prAcAra nhiiN| bauddha zAstroM ke dekhane se jAna par3atA hai ki buddha kI anekAnta dRSTi madhyamapratipadArUpa se ( saMyutta0 55. 2. 2.) mukhyatayA prAcAra viSayaka hI thI ( majjhima0 1. 1. 3.) / yadyapi uttarakAlIna jainasAhitya 10 meM anekAnta dRSTi kA upayoga ahiMsA, satya Adi prAcAra ke viSaya meM bhI huA hai tathApi aAja taka ke nayavAda evaM anekAntavAda viSayaka granthoM meM usakI mUla prakRti kA spaSTadarzana hotA hai kyoMki nityatva, anityatva, ekatva, anekatva, sAmAnya, vizeSa, abhilApyatva, manamilApyatva ityAdi tAttvika cintana meM hI vaha vAda samApta ho jAtA hai| anekAnta dRSTi se eka vastu ko nityAnitya Adi dvirUpa mAnanevAle kevala jaina hI nahIM balki mImAMsaka aura 15 sAMkhya Adi bhI the| aura prativAdI bauddha Adi syAdvAda kA khaNDana karate samaya jainoM ke sAtha-sAtha mImAMsaka, sAMkhya Adi ke bhI tAttvika mantavya kA khaNDana karate the| phira bhI 1 "NAmaM ThavaNA daviye khitte kAle y| vayaNabhAve ya eso aNuprogassa uNikkhevo hoI sttviho||" Ava0ni0 132 / "NegamasaMgahavavahAraujjusue ceva hAi boddhavve / sahayasamabhirUDhe evaMbhUe ya mUlaNayA ||"-aav0ni0 gA0754 / sthaa07| 2 na ya ghAyau tti hiMso nAghAyaMto tti nicchiymhiso| na viralajIvamahiMsA na ya jIvaghaNati to hiMso // ahaNato vi hu hiMsA duTuttaNao mao ahimaro va // bAhiMto na vi hiMsA suddhattaNazro jahA vijjo|| asubho jo pariNAmo sA hiMsA so u bAhiranimittaM / ko vi avekkhejjana vA jamhA'NegaMtiyaM bajjha ||"-vishessaa0 gA0 1763, 1764, 1766 / AptamI0 kA0 62-65 / puruSArtha kA0 44-58 / . . 'na caivaM jainaprakriyAvidA vadanti taiH kSudramahatsattvavadhasAdRzyavasAdRzyayoranekAntasyaivAbhyupagamAt / tadukta sUtrakRtAMge-je keha khuddagA pANA aduvA santi mhaalyaa| sarisaM tehi veranti asarisanti ya No vae // etehiM dohi ThANehiM vavahAro Na vijjaI / etehiM dohiM ThANehiM aNAyAraM tu jaanne| ."ityAdi-yazovi0 dharmaparI0 pR0 183 se|| 3 "tasmAdubhayahAnena vyAvRttyanugamAtmakaH / puruSo'bhyupagantavyaH kuNDalAdiSu sarpavat // na cAvasthAntarotpAde pUrvA'tyantaM vinazyati / uttarAnuguNatvAttu sAmAnyAtmani lIyate ||"-shlokvaa0 Atma0 zlo0 28, 30 / "etena bhUtendriyeSu dharmalakSaNAvasthApariNAmA vyAkhyAtAH ||"-yogsuu0 3. 13 / yogbhaa03.13| pAta0 mahA0 pR058| bhartRprapaJca jo vedAntI thA usakA mata anekAnta nAma se prasiddha thA kyoMki vaha bhedAbheda va jJAnakarmasamuccayavAdI rahA-acyuta varSa 3. aM04. pR08-11 / 4'kalpanagaracitasyaiva vaicitrysyopvrnnne| ko nAmAtizayaH prokto viprnirgrnthkaapilaiH||"tttvsN0 kA0 1776 /

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pR0 28. paM0 2.] bhASATippaNAni / zaGkarAdi jaise dArzanikara bhI jainoM ko hI syAdvAdI samajhate va kahate haiM, mImAMsaka sAMkhya mAdi ko nhiiN| isakA sababa yaha jAna par3atA hai ki eka to jainadarzana meM syAdvAdasthApana viSayaka jitanA aura jaisA pracura sAhitya banA vaisA mImAMsaka, sAMkhyAdi darzana meM nahIM hai| aura dUsarA sababa yaha hai ki sAMkhya, yoga Adira darzanoM meM prAtmA jo tatvajJAna kA mukhya cintya viSaya hai usako chor3akara hI prakRti paramANu Adi meM nityAnityatva kA cintana 5 kiyA hai, jaba ki jainadarzana meM jar3a kI taraha cetana meM bhI tulyarUpa se nityAnityatvAdi kA samarthana kiyA hai| jAna par3atA hai jainetara tArkikoM ne jo anekAntavAda kA khaMDana zurU kiyA vaha usa vAda ke jaina AcAryoM ke dvArA prAkRta bhAgoM meM se saMskRtarUpa meM avatIrNa hone ke bAda hii| aura yaha bhI jAna par3atA hai ki anekAntavAda ke khaNDana karanevAle jainetara tArkikoM meM sabase 10 pahile bauddha hI rahe haiM / bauddha vidvAnoM ke dvArA kiye gaye anekAnta kA khaNDana dekhakara hI vaidika vidvAna usa khaNDana kI ora vizeSa agrasara hue / brahmasUtragata anekAntavAda kA khaNDana yadi sacamuca asala meM jainadarzana ko hI lakSya meM rakhakara kiyA gayA hai to bhI vaha khaNDana bauddhakRta kisI khaNDana ke bAda hI kA honA caahie| yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki asala meM brahmasUtragata anekAnta kA khaNDana jainadarzana ko lakSya meM rakhakara na kiyA gayA ho para bhatR - 15 prapaJca jaise vedAnta tathA sAMkhya-mImAMsaka Adi ko lakSya meM rakhakara kiyA gayA ho| bezaka brahmasUtra ke upalabdha bhASyoM meM zAGkarabhASya hI prAcIna hai aura usameM jainadarzana ko hI pratipakSI samajhakara usa anekAntavAda ke khaNDana kA artha zaGkarAcArya ne lagAyA hai| zaGkarAcArya ke bAre meM yaha kahanA duHsAhasa mAlUma hotA hai ki ve mImAMsaka kumArila pratipAdita anekAnta ko yA sAMkhya siddhAnta kI anekAntAsmakatA ko jAnate na the / yadi yaha kalpanA ThIka hai to phira 20 prazna hotA hai ki zaGkarAcArya ne brahmasUtragata anekAnta ke khaNDana ko kevala jaina prakriyAprasiddha anekAnta, saptabhaGgo Adi ke khaNDana ke dvArA hI kaise ghaTAyA ? / isakA khulAsA yaha jAna par3atA hai ki jaise anekAntasthApana viSayaka svatantra grantha jainasAhitya meM bane aura the vaise mImAMsA aura sAMkhya darzana meM na bane aura na the| unameM prasaMgAt anekAntapoSaka carcA pAI jAtI thii| ataeva anekAnta. saptabhaGgI Adi ke samarthaka svatantra jaina-pranthoM ke dRSTigocara 25 hone ke kAraNa zaGkarAcArya ne kevala jainamata rUpa se hI anekAnta kA khaNDana kiyaa| hetubindu ke TIkAkAra arcaTa ne bhI mukhyatayA jainamata rUpa se anekAntavAda kA khaNDana kiyA hai usakA bhI tAtparya vahI ho sakatA hai| 1 "atha vivasanamataM nirasyate (bra0 zAGkarabhA0 2. 2. 33 )-naikasminnasambhavAt" brahmasU0 2.2.33 se| 2 "na prakRtirna vikRtiH purussH"-saaNkhykaa03| yogabhA0 1.2 / 3 "sarvasyobhayarUpatve tdvishessniraakRteH| codito dadhi khAdeti kimuSTa nAbhidhAvati ||"ityaadi-prmaannvaa0 1. 183-4 / 4 hetubi0 TI0 pR0 105-107 /

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 28. paM0 2sAmAnyarUpa se dArzanika kSetra meM yaha mAnyatA rUr3ha hai ki jainadarzana hI anekAntavAdI hai prataeva jaise jainetara dArzanika apane darzanoM meM labhya anekAnta vicAra kI ora dRSTi diye binA hI anekAnta ko mAtra jainavAda samajhakara usakA khaNDana karate haiM vese hI jainAcArya bhI usa bAda ko sirfa apanA hI mAnakara usa khaNDana kA pUre z2ora se javAba dete hue anekAnta 5 kA vividharUpa se sthApana karate Ae haiM jisake phalasvarUpa jaina sAhitya meM naya, saptabhaGgo, nikSepa, anekAntAdi samarthaka eka bar3I svatantra grantha-rAzi bana gaI haiM / anekAnta ke Upara jainetara tArkikoM ke dvArA diye gaye dUSaNoM kA uddhAra karate hue jainAcArya aise pATha doSoM kA ullekha karate haiN| jahA~ taka dekhane meM AyA hai una ATha doSoM meM se tIna doSoM kA spaSTa rUpa se nAmanirdeza to zaGkarAcAryakRta khaNDana ( 2. 2. 33 ) aura tattvasaMgrahakRta khaNDana 10 ( kA0 1706 ) se milatA hai para una pAThoM doSoM kA spaSTa nAmanirdeza kisI eka jagaha yA bhinna bhinna sthAna meM milAkara ke dekhA nahIM jaataa| sambhava hai koI anekAnta ke khaNDanavAlA aisA bhI grantha rahA ho jisameM una ATha doSoM kA spaSTa nAmanirdeza rahA ho| aura yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki aise ATha doSoM ke alaga-alaga nAma aura unake lakSaNa kisI prantha meM prAye na hoN| sirpha anekAnta khaNDana parAyaNa vicArazailo aura bhASA racanA ko dekhakara 15 usa khaNDana meM se adhika se adhika phalita honevAle ATha doSoM ke nAma aura lakSaNa javAba dene ke vAste svayaM hI alaga chA~Takara jainAcAryo ne unakA yuktipUrNa nirasana kiyA ho| kumArila nere anekAnta ke Upara virodha aura saMzaya ina do doSoM kI sambhAvanA kara ke hI unakA nivAraNa kiyA hai| zaGkarAcArya ke khaNDana meM (bra0 zAMkarabhA0 2. 2. 33) mukhyatayA ukta do hI doSa phalita hote haiN| zAntarakSita ke khaNDana meM ukta do doSoM ke alAvA saGkara20 nAmaka ( tattvasaM0 kA. 1722 ) tIsare doSa kA spaSTa nirdeza hai| __ anekAntavAda ke Upara prativAdiyoM ke dvArA diye gaye doSoM kA uddhAra karanevAle jainAcAryo meM vyavasthita aura vizleSaNapUrvaka una doSoM ke nivAraNa karanevAle sabase prathama prakalaGka aura haribhadra hI jAna par3ate haiN| inakA anugamana pichale sabhI jaina vidvAnoM ne kiyA hai| prAcArya hemacandra ne bho usI mArga kA anusaraNa karake ATha doSoM kA uddhAra 25 kiyA hai aura syAdvAda ko eka pUrNa aura nirdoSa vAda sthApita kiyA hai| __ asala meM syAtpada yukta hone ke kAraNa kevala saptabhaGgo kA hI nAma syAdvAda hai| vyavahAra, nizcaya, naigama, saMgraha Adi naya ye saba nayavAda ke antargata haiN| syAdvAda aura 1 udAharaNArtha-sanmatitarka, zrAptamImAMsA, nayacakra, tattvArtharAjavA0-prathama adhyAya kA 6ThA sUtra tathA caturthAdhyAya kA antima sUtra, anekAntajayapatAkA, anekAntapraveza, syAdvAdaratnAkara-5vA~. 7vA~ pari. anyayogavyavacchedadvAtriMzikA, nayapradIpa, nayopadeza, nayarahasya, anekAntavyavasthA, saptabhaGgItaraGgiNI Adi / 2 pramANasaM.li. pR065 AI 3 zlokavA0 zrAkR054, vn076-80|| 4 pramANasaM0 li. pR065 A / anekAja0TI0pR0 30 se| zAstravA0 7. 34-38 /

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pR0 28. paM0 3.] bhASATippayAni / 65 nayavAda ye donoM ekamAtra anekAnta dRSTi ke phalasvarUpa bhinna-bhinna bAda haiM jo zailI, zabdaracanA, pRthakkaraNa Adi meM bhinna hone para bhI anekAntasUcaka rUpa se abhinna hI haiM / jaina zAstroM kI vyAkhyA kA nikSepAtmaka prakAra aura dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva AdivAlA pRthakkaraNa prakAra bhI anekAnta dRSTi kA hI dyotaka hai / anekAntavAda yaha vyApaka zabda hai, jisameM syAdvAda, nayavAda, nikSepapaddhati Adi sabakA samAveza ho jAtA hai / yadyapi 5 isa samaya anekAntavAda aura syAdvAda donoM zabda paryAyarUpa se vyavahRta dekhe jAte haiM tathApi syAdvAda asala meM anekAntavAda kA eka vizeSa aMzamAtra hai / 15 pR0 28. paM0 3. 'virodhAdi'-' 1 - anya vAdiyoM ke dvArA anekAnta ke Upara diye gaye doSoM kA parihAra jaina AcAryoM ne kiyA hai / isa parihAra meM parihRta doSoM kI saMkhyA ke viSaya meM tathA svarUpa ke viSaya meM nAnA paramparAe~ haiN| bhaTTAraka akalaGka ne saMzaya, virodha, 10 vaiyadhikaraNya, ubhayadoSaprasaGga, anavasthA, saGkara, abhAva ina doSoM kA parigaNana kiyA hai / AcArya haribhadra ne ( zAstravA0 svo0 kA0 510 -518 ) saMkhyA kA nirdeza binA kiye hI virodha, anavasthA, ubhaya, saMzaya ina doSoM kA spaSTa nirdeza kiyA hai aura Adi zabda se anya doSoM kA sUcana bhI kiyA hai / vidyAnanda ne ( aSTasa0 pR0 227 ) virodha, vaiyadhikaraNya, saMzaya, vyatikara, saGkara, anavasthA, apratipatti aura prabhAva isa taraha spaSTa hI nAmapUrvaka ATha doSa ginAye haiM / prabhAcandra ne ( prameyaka0 pR0 156 ) ATha doSa ginAye haiM, para donoM kI dI huI nAmAvalI meM thor3A sA antara hai kyoMki vidyAnanda 'ubhaya' doSa kA ullekha nahIM karate para apratipatti ko doSa kahakara ATha saMkhyA kI pUrti karate haiM jaba ki prabhAcandra 'ubhaya' doSa ko ginAkara hI ATha doSa kI saMkhyA pUrNa karate haiM aura apratipatti ko alaga doSa nahIM ginate / isa taraha digambarIya granthoM meM saMkhyA ATha hone para bhI usakI do paramparAe~ huI / abhayadeva ne 'ubhaya' doSa kA ullekha kiyA hai ( sanmatiTI0 pR0 452 ) para unakI doSasaMkhyA sAta kI hai, jo vAdI devasUri ko bhI abhimata hai phira bhI vAdI devasUri ( syAdvAdara0 pR0 738 ) aura abhayadeva donoM kI sAta saMkhyA kI pUrti eka sI nahIM hai kyoMki abhayadeva kI gaNanA meM 'prabhAva' doSa hai para vyatikara nahIM jaba ki vAdI devasUri kI gaNanA meM 'vyatikara' hai, 'prabhAva' nahIM / isa taraha zvetAmbarIya pranthoM meM sAta saMkhyA kI 25 do paramparAe~ huI / 20 1 prAcArya hemacandra ne jina ATha doSoM kA parihAra kiyA hai ve ThIka vidyAnandasammata hI mATha haiN| hemacandra ke dvArA ATha doSoM kA parihAra zvetAmbarIya granthoM meM prathama dAkhila huA jAna par3atA hai jisakA anukaraNa unhIM ke anugAmI malliSeNa sUri ne syAdvAdamaJjarI (kA0 24 ) meM kiyA hai / anekAntavAda para jaba se dArzanika kSetra meM AkSepa hone lage taba 30 se prAkSepakoM ke dvArA diye gaye doSoM kI saMkhyA bhI eka-sI nahIM rahI hai, vaha kramaza: vRddhiGgata jAna par3atI hai| una doSoM ke nivAraka jaina AcAryoM ke pranthoM meM bhI parihRtaM doSoM kI saMkhyA kA uttarottara vikAsa hI huA hai / yahA~ taka ki antima jaina tArkika upAdhyAya

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5 pramANamImAMsAyAH [ 4028.08 yazovijayajI ne ( zAstravA0 TI0 pR0 266 A ) ATha ke alAvA anya doSoM - zrAtmAzraya, parasparAzraya, cakraka Adi 6- kA bhI nirdeza karake unakA nivAraNa kiyA hai| pR0 28. paM0 8. 'naivam ' - tulanA - prameyaka 0 pR0 156-158 / 1 66 pR0 28. paM0 3. 'pratyekaM yo' - tulanA - "Aha ca bhedAbhedoktadoSAzca tayoriSTau kathaM na vA / pratyekaM ye prasajyante dvayorbhAve kathaM na te / / " - hetubi0 TI0 pR0 106 | a0 1 0 1 sU0 34-41 pR0 28 dArzanikakSetra meM pramANa aura usake phala kI carcA bhI eka khAsa sthAna rakhatI hai / yoM to yaha viSaya tarkayuga ke pahile zrutiAgama yuga meM bhI vicArapradeza meM AyA hai / upaniSadoM, piTakoM aura AgamoM meM jJAna10 samyagjJAna ----ke phala kA kathana hai / ukta yuga meM vaidika, bauddha, jaina sabhI paramparA meM jJAna kA phala vidyAnAza yA vastuviSayaka adhigama kahA hai para vaha AdhyAtmika dRSTi se arthAta mokSa lAbha kI dRSTi se / usa adhyAtma yuga meM jJAna isI lie upAdeya samajhA jAtA thA ki usake dvArA avidyA - prajJAna kA nAza hokara evaM vastu kA vAstavika bodha hokara manta meM mokSa prApta ho, para tarkayuga meM yaha carcA vyAvahArika dRSTi se bhI hone lagI, ataeva 15 hama tarkayuga meM honevAlI - pramANaphalaviSayaka carcA meM adhyAtmayugIna alaukika dRSTi aura tarkayugIna laukika dRSTi donoM pAte haiM2 / laukika dRSTi meM kevala isI bhAva ko sAmane rakhakara pramANa ke phala kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai ki pramANa ke dvArA vyavahAra meM sAkSAt kyA siddha hotA hai, aura paramparA se kyA cAhe anta meM mAcalAbha hotA ho yA nhiiN| kyoMki laukika dRSTi meM mokSAnadhikArI puruSagata pramANoM ke phala kI carcA 20 kA bhI samAveza hotA hai| 1 tInoM paramparA kI tarkayugIna pramANaphalaviSayaka carcA meM mukhyatayA vicAraNIya aMza do dekhe jAte haiM-- eka to phala aura pramANa kA pArasparika bheda-prabheda aura dUsarA phala kA svarUpa / nyAya, vaizeSika, mImAMsaka Adi vaidika darzana phala ko pramANa se bhinna hI mAnate 1 "so'vidyAgranthiM vikaratIha saumya" - muNDako0 2.1.10 / sAMkhyakA0 67-68 / utta0 28. 2, 3 / " tametaM vuccati yadA ca JAtvA seo dhammaM saccAni abhisametsati / tadA vijjUpasamA upasanto carissati // " visuddhi0 pR0 544 2 "... tattvajJAnAnniHzrazeyasam" -- vai0 sU0 1. 1. 3 / " tattvajJAnAnniHzra eyasAdhigamaH" - nyAyasU0 1. 1. 1. / "yadA sannikarSastadA jJAnaM pramitiH, yadA jJAnaM tadA hAnopAdAnopecAbuddhayaH phalam " - nyAyabhA0 1.1.3 /

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pR0 28. paM0 17. ] bhASATippaNAni / 67 haiM / bauddha darzana use abhinna kahatA hai? jaba ki jaina darzana apanI anekAnta prakRti ke anusAra phala - pramANa kA bhedAbheda batalAtA hai 3 / phala ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM vaizeSika, naiyAyika aura mImAMsaka sabhI kA mantavya ekasA hI hai4 / ve sabhI indriyavyApAra ke bAda honevAle sannikarSa se lekara hAnopAdAnApecAbuddhi taka ke kramika phaloM kI paramparA ko phala kahate hue bhI usa paramparA meM se pUrva pUrva 5 phala ko uttara uttara phala kI apekSA se pramANa bhI kahate haiM arthAt unake kathanAnusAra indriya to pramANa hI hai, phala nahIM aura hAnopAdAnApecAbuddhi jo antima phala hai vaha phala hI hai pramANa nahIM | para bIca ke sannikarSa, nirvikalpa aura savikalpa ye tInoM pUrva pramANa kI apekSA se phala aura uttaraphala kI apekSA se pramANa bhI haiM / isa mantavya meM phala pramANa kahalAtA hai para vaha svabhinna uttaraphala kI apekSA se / isa taraha isa mata meM 10 pramANa- phala kA bheda spaSTa hI hai / vAcaspati mizra ne isI bheda ko dhyAna meM rakhakara sAMkhya prakriyA meM bhI pramANa aura phala kI vyavasthA apanI kaumudI meM kI hai5 / 1 bauddha paramparA meM phala ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM do mantavya haiM- pahalA viSayAdhigama ko aura dUsarA svasaMvitti ko phala kahatA hai / yadyapi diGnAgasaMgRhIta ina do mantavyoM meM se pahale kA hI kathana aura vivaraNa dharmakIrtti tathA unake TIkAkAra dharmottara ne kiyA hai 15 tathApi zAntarakSita ne una donoM bauddha mantavyoM kA saMgraha karane ke alAvA unakA sayuktika upapAdana aura unake pArasparika antara kA pratipAdana bhI kiyA hai| zAntarakSita aura unake ziSya kamalazIla ne yaha spaSTa batalAyA hai ki bAhyArthavAda, jise pArthasArathi mizra ne sautrAti kA kahA hai usake matAnusAra jJAnagata viSayasArUpya pramANa hai aura viSayAdhigati phala, jaba ki vijJAnavAda jise pArthasArathi ne yogAcAra kA kahA hai usake matAnusAra jJAnagata 20 svasaMvedana hI phala hai aura jJAnagata tathAvidha yogyatA hI pramANa hai / yaha dhyAna meM rahe ki bauddha matAnusAra pramANa aura phala donoM jJAnagata dharma haiM aura unameM bheda na mAne jAne ke kAraNa ve abhinna kahe gaye haiM / kumArila ne isa bauddhasammata prabhedavAda kA khaNDana 1 zlokavA0 pratyakSa0 lo074, 75 / 2 pramANasamu0 1.6 / nyAyabi0 TI0 1. 21 / 3 "karaNasya kriyAyAzca kathaMcidekatvaM pradIpatamAvigamavat nAnAtvaM ca parazvAdivat " - aSTaza0 aSTasa0 pa0 283-284 / 4 " yadA sannikarSastadA jJAnaM pramitiH yadA jJAnaM tadA hAnopAdAnApekSA buddhayaH phalam / " - nyAyabhA0 1. 1. 3 / zlokavA0 pratyakSa0 zlo056-73 | prakaraNa pa0 pR0 64 / kandalI pR0 168-6 / 5 sAMkhyata0 kA0 4 / 6 pramANasamu0 1. 10-12 / lo0 nyAya0 pR0 158 - 156 / 7 nyAyavi0 1. 18 - 16 / 8 " viSayAdhigatizcAtra pramANaphalamiSyate / svavittirvA pramANaM tu sArUpyaM yogyatApi vA // " - tattvasaM0 kA0 1344 / lo0 nyAya0 pR0 158-156 /

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68 pramANamImAMsAyA: [pR0 28. paM0 17(zlokavA. pratyakSa zlo074 se) karake jo vaizeSika-naiyAyika ke bhedavAda kA abhimatarUpa se sthApana kiyA hai usakA javAba zAntarakSita ne akSaraza: dekara bauddhasammata abhedavAda kI yuktiyuktatA dikhAI hai-tattvasaM0 kA. 1340 se| - jaina paramparA meM sabase pahile tArkika siddhasena aura samantabhadra hI haiM jinhoMne laukika / dRSTi se bhI pramANa ke phala kA vicAra jaina paramparA ke anusAra vyavasthita kiyA hai| ukta donoM prAcAryoM kA phalaviSayaka kathana zabda aura bhAva meM samAna hI hai-nyAyA* kA. 28. AptamI0 kA0 102 / donoM ke kathanAnusAra pramANa kA sAkSAt phala to ajJAnanivRtti hI hai| para vyavahita phala yathAsaMbhava hAnopAdAnApekSAbuddhi hai| siddhasena aura samantabhadra ke kathana meM tIna bAteM dhyAna dene yogya haiM101 -ajJAnavinAza kA phalarUpa se ullekha, jisakA vaidika-bauddha paraMparA meM nirdeza nahIM dekhA jaataa| 2--vaidika paramparA meM jo madhyavartI phaloM kA sApekSa bhAva se pramANa aura phala rUpa se kathana hai usake ullekha kA abhAva, jaisA ki bauddha tarkapranthoM meM bhI hai| 3--pramANa aura phala ke bhedAbheda viSayaka kathana kA prabhAva / siddhasena aura samantabhadra ke bAda prakalaGka hI isa viSaya meM mukhya dekhe jAte haiM jinhoMne siddhasena-samantabhadradarzita phalaviSayaka jaina 15 mantavya kA saMgraha karate hue usameM anirdiSTa donoM aMzoM kI spaSTatayA pUrti kI, arthAt prakalaGka ne pramANa aura phala ke bhedAbhedaviSayaka jainamantavya ko spaSTatayA kahA ( aSTaza0 aSTasa0 pR0 283-4 ) aura madhyavartI phaloM ko pramANa tathA phala ubhayarUpa kahane kI vaizeSika, naiyAyika, mImAMsaka kI sApekSa zailI ko jaina prakriyA ke anusAra ghaTAkara usakA spaSTa nirdeza kiyA / mANikyanandI (parI05; 6.67 se ) aura devasUri ne (pramANana0 6.3 se) 20 apane-apane sUtroM meM pramANa kA phala batalAte hue sirpha vahI bAta kahI hai. jo siddhasena aura samantabhadra ne| alabattA unhoMne akalaGkanirdiSTa pramANa-phala ke bhedAbheda kA jaina mantavya sUtrita kiyA hai para unhoMne madhyavartI phaloM ko sApekSabhAva se pramANa aura phala kahane kI akalaGkasUcita jainazailI ko sUtrita nahIM kiyaa| vidyAnanda kI tIkSNa dRSTi ajJAnanivRtti aura sva-paravyavasiti zabda kI ora gii| yogAcAra aura sautrAntika siddhAnta ke anusAra 25 pramANa ke phalarUpa se phalita honevAlI sva aura para vyavasiti ko hI vidyAnanda ne ajJAna nivRttirUpa batalAyA (tattvArthazlA0 pR0 168; pramANapa0 pR. 76) jisakA anusaraNa prabhAcandra ne mArtaNDa meM aura devasUri ne ratnAkara meM kiyaa| aba taka meM jainatArkikoM kA eka sthirasA mantavya hI ho gayA ki jise siddhasena-samantabhadra ne ajJAnanivRtti kahA hai vaha vastutaH sva-paravyavasiti hI hai| 30 prA. hemacandra ne prastuta carcA meM pUrvavartI sabhI jainatArkikoM ke matoM kA saMgraha to kiyA hI hai para sAtha hI usameM apanI vizeSatA bhI dikhAI hai| unhoMne prabhAcandra aura NatvaM phala syAduttarottaram / / ' 1 "bahAdyavagrahAdyaSTacatvAriMzat svasaMvidAma / lghii01.6|

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pR0 31. paM0 10. bhASATippaNAni / 66 devasUri kI taraha sva- paravyavasiti ko hI ajJAnanivRtti na kahakara donoM ko alaga alaga phala mAnA hai / pramANa aura phala ke abheda pakSa meM kumArila ne bauddhoM ke Upara jo doSa diye the aura jinakA nirAsa dharmottara kI nyAyabinduvyAkhyA tathA zAntarakSita ke tatva saMgraha meM hai| unhIM doSoM kA nivAraNa bauddha DhaMga se karate hue bhI A0 hemacandra ne apanA vaiyAkaraNatva AkarSaka tArkika zailI meM vyakta kiyA hai| jaise aneka viSayoM meM prA0 hemacandra prakalaGka 3 kA khAsa anusaraNa karate haiM vaise hI isa carcA meM bhI unhoMne madhyavartI phaloM ko sApekSabhAva se pramANa aura phala kahanevAlI akalaGkasthApita jainazailI ko sUtra meM zabdaza: sthAna diyA / isa taraha hama pramANa- phala ke carcAviSayaka prastuta sUtroM meM vaidika, bauddha aura jaina sabhI paramparAoM kA yathAsambhava jainamata rUpa se samanvaya eka hI jagaha pAte haiM / .) pR0 28. paM0 18, 'nanvevaM pramANameva ' - tulanA - " nanu ca jJAnAdavyatiriktaM sAdRzyaM tathA 10 ca sati tadeva jJAnaM pramANaM tadeva pramANaphalam / na caikaM vastu sAdhyaM sAdhanaM copapadyate / tatkathaM sArUpyaM pramANamityAha - tadvazAdarthapratItisiddheriti // tadvazAditi / ... arthasya pratItirUpaM pratyakSaM vijJAnaM sArUSyavazAt sidhyati, pratItaM bhavatItyarthaH / nIlanirbhAsaM hi vijJAnaM yataH tasmAnnIlasya pratItiravasIyate / yebhyo hi 15 cakSurAdibhyo vijJAnamutpadyate na tadvazAttajjJAnaM nIlasya saMvedanaM zakyate avasthApayitu nIlasadRzaM tvanubhUyamAnaM nIlasya saMvedanamavasthApyate / na cAtra janyajanakabhAvanibandhanaH sAdhyasAdhanabhAvaH yenaikasminvastuni virodhaH syAt api tu vyavasthApyavyavasthApakabhAvena / tata ekasya vastunaH kiJcidrUpaM pramANaM kiJcit pramANaphalaM na virudhyate / "-nyAyaciM0 TI0 1. 21 | pR0 30. paM0 23. 'IhAdhAraNayo:'1 - tulanA - "IhAdhAraNayeorapi jJAnAtmakatvamunneyaM tadupa - 20 yogavizeSAt / " - laghI 0 svavi0 1.6 / pR0 30. paM0 24. 'tato dhAraNA pramANam - tulanA - laghI0 svavi0 3. 1 | pR0 31. paM0 8. 'abhede' - tulanA - parI0 6. 67 / pramANana0 6. 6 se / pR0 31. paM0 10. 'apramANAd' - tulanA - "tata ekasya vastunaH kiJcidrUpaM pramANaM kizvitpramANaphalaM na virudhyate / vyavasthApanaheturhi sArUpyaM tasya jJAnasya, vyavasthApyaM ca nIla- 25 saMvedanarUpam / vyavasthApyavyavasthApakabhAvo'pi kathamekasya jJAnasyeti cet / ucyate / sadRzamanubhUyamAnaM tadvijJAnaM yato - nIlasya grAhakamavasthApyate nizcayapratyayena tasmAt sArUpyamanubhUtaM vyavasthApana hetuH / nizvayapratyayena ca tajjJAnaM nIlasaMvedanamavasthApyamAnaM vyava "

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pramANamImAMsAyA: [pR0 31. paM0 11sthApyam / tasmAdasArUpyavyAvRttyA sArUpyaM jJAnasya vyvsthaapnhetuH| anIlabodhavyAvRttyAca nIlabodharUpatvaM vyavasthApyam |"-nyaabi. TI. 1.21 / pR0 31. paM0 11. 'evaM sati'-tulanA-parI0 6.68, 66 / pR0 31. paM0 14. 'tathA tasyaivAtmana:-tulanA-parI0 5.3 / pramANana0 6.6-11 / pR0 31. paM0 15. 'bhede tu-tulanA-parI0 6. 71 / pR0 31. paM0 15. 'atha yatraivAtmani'-tulanA-prameyara0 6. 71, 72 / pR0 31. paM0 16. 'pramANAt phalam'-parI0 5.2 / pramANapa0 pR0 76 / pR0 31. paM0 21. 'svaparAbhAsI'-bhArata meM dArzanikoM kI cintA kA mukhya aura antima viSaya AtmA hI rahA hai| anya sabhI cIjeM AtmA kI khoja meM se hI phalita huI 10 haiN| ataeva AtmA ke astitva tathA svarUpa ke sambandha meM bilakula parasparavirodhI aise aneka mata ati cirakAla se darzanazAstroM meM pAye jAte haiN| upaniSad kAla ke pahile hI se prAtmA ko sarvathA nitya-kUTastha-mAnanevAle darzana pAye jAte haiM jo aupaniSada, sAMkhya Adi nAma se prasiddha haiN| prAtmA arthAt citta yA nAma ko bhI sarvathA kSaNika mAnane kA bauddha siddhAnta hai jo gautama buddha se to arvAcIna nahIM hai| ina sarvathA nityatva aura sarvathA 15 kSaNikatva svarUpa do ekAntoM ke bIca hokara calanevAlA arthAta ukta do ekAntoM ke samanvaya kA puraskartA nityAnityatvavAda AtmA ke viSaya meM bhI bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dvArA spaSTatayA AgamoM meM pratipAdita (bhaga0 za0 7. u0 2. dekhA jAtA hai| isa jainAbhimata AtmanityA. nityatvavAda kA samarthana mImAMsakadhurINa kumArila ne (zlokavA0 aAtma0 zlo0 28 se) bhI bar3I spaSTatA evaM tArkikatA se kiyA hai jaisA ki jainatArkikapranthoM meM bhI dekhA jAtA hai| 20 isa bAre meM yadyapi prA. hemacandra ne jainamata kI puSTi meM tattvasaMgrahagata zlokoM kA hI akSaraza: avataraNa diyA hai tathApi ve zloka vastuta: kumArila ke zlokavArtikagata zlokoM ke hI sAra mAtra kA nirdezaka hone se mImAMsakamata ke hI dyotaka haiN| jJAna evaM AtmA meM svAvabhAsitva-parAvabhAsitva viSayaka vicAra ke bIja to atiAgamakAlIna sAhitya meM bhI pAye jAte haiM para ina vicAroM kA spaSTIkaraNa evaM 25 samarthana to vizeSakara tarkayuga meM hI huA hai| parokSa jJAnavAdI kumArila Adi mImAMsaka ke matAnusAra hI jJAna aura usase abhinna aAtmA ina donoM kA parokSatva arthAt mAtra parAvabhAsitva siddha hotA hai| yogAcAra bauddha ke matAnusAra vijJAnabAhya kisI cIz2a kA astitva na hone se aura vijJAna svasaMvidita hone se jJAna aura tadrUpa prAtmA kA mAtra svAvabhAsitva phalita hotA hai| isa bAre meM bhI jainadarzana ne apanI anekAnta prakRti ke anu30 sAra hI apanA mata sthira kiyA hai| jJAna evaM AtmA donoM ko spaSTa rUpa se sva-parAbhAsI 1 "tasya bhAsA sarvamidaM vibhAti / tameva bhAntamanubhAti sarvam ||"-kttho0 5.15 /

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pR0 32. paM0 6.] bhASATippaNAni / 6 kahanevAle jainAcAryoM meM sabase pahile siddhasena hI haiM - nyAyA0 31 // siddhasena ke hI kathana ko doharAyA hai / 5 devasUri ne AtmA ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana karate hue jo matAntaravyAvarttaka aneka vizeSaNa diye haiM (pramANana0 7.54,55 ) unameM eka vizeSaNa dehavyApitva yaha bhI hai / a0 hemacandra ne jainAbhimata AtmA ' svarUpa ko sUtrabaddha karate hue bhI usa vizeSaNa kA upAdAna nahIM kiyA / isa vizeSaNatyAga se AtmaparimANa ke viSaya meM (jaise nityAnityatva viSaya meM hai vaise ) kumArila ke mata ke sAtha jainamata kI ekatA kI bhrAnti na ho isalie A0 hemacandra ne spaSTa hI kaha diyA hai ki dehavyApitva iSTa hai para anya jainAcAryoM kI taraha sUtra meM usakA nirdeza isalie nahIM kiyA hai ki vaha prastuta meM upayogI nahIM hai| 1 pR0 32. paM0 6. 'yathAhe:- tulanA " syAtAmatyantanAze'sya kRtanAzA'kRtA''gamau / na tvavasthAntaraprAptau loke bAlayuvAdivat // 23 // avasthAntarabhAvyetat phalaM mama zubhAzubham / iti jJAtvA'nutiSThazca vijacceSTate janaH // 24 // anavasthAntaraprAptidRzyate na ca kasyacit / anucchedAttu nA'nyatvaM bhokturloko'vagacchati // 25 // sukhaduHkhAdyavasthAzca gacchannapi naro mama / caitanyadravyasattAdirUpaM naiva vimuJcati // 26 // duHkhinaH surUyavasthAyAM nazyeyuH sarva eva te / duHkhitvaM cAnuvarteta vinAze vikriyAtmake // 27 // tasmAdubhayahAnena vyAvRttyanugamAtmakaH / puruSo'bhyupagantavyaH kuNDalAdiSu sarpavat // 28 // na ca kartRtvabhoktRtve puMseo'vasthAsamAzrite / tenA'vasthAvatastattvAt karttavApnAti tatphalam // 29 // svarUpeNa hyavasthAnAmanyonyasya virodhitA / 71 A0 hemacandra ne 10 15 20 25 aviruddhastu sarvAsu sAmAnyAtmA pravartate / / 30 / / " - zleAkavA0 Atma0 / "pratyakSapratisaMvedyaH kuNDalAdiSu sarpavat / / " - nyAyavi0 2. 116 /

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dvitIyAhnika / a0 1. prA0 2. sU0 1-2. pR0 33. dekho 1. 1.8.10. kA TippaNa--TippaNa pR0 16 / pR0. 33. paM0. 16. 'vAsanodabodha-sabhI tArkika vidvAn smaraNa kA lakSaNa kisI eka AdhAra para nahIM krte| kaNAda ne1 prAbhyantara kAraNa saMskAra ke AdhAra para hI smaraNa kA lakSaNa praNayana kiyA hai| pataJjali ne2 viSaya-svarUpa ke nirdeza dvArA hI smRti ko lakSita 5 kiyA hai, jaba ki kaNAda ke anugAmI prazastapAda ne apane bhASya meM kAraNa, viSaya aura kArya ina tIna ke dvArA smaraNa kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai3 / jaina paramparA meM smaraNa aura usake kAraNa para tArkikazailI se vicAra karane kA prArambha pUjyapAda ( sarvArtha0 1.15) aura jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa / vizeSA0 gA0 188,186) dvArA huA jAna par3atA hai| vidyAnanda ne ( pramANapa0 pR0 66) patajali kI taraha viSayanirdeza dvArA hI smRti kA lakSaNa racA / para usameM 10 AkAra kA nirdeza bddh'aayaa| mANikyanandI ne ( parI0 3.3 ) kaNAda kI taraha saMskArAtmaka kAraNa ke dvArA hI smRti kA lakSaNa bA~dhA, phira bhI usameM AkAranirdeza bar3hAyA hii| vAdI deva ne (pramANana0 3.3 ) vidyAnanda aura mANikyanandI donoM kA anusaraNa karake apane smRti lakSagaNa meM kAraNa, viSaya aura AkAra tInoM kA nirdeza kiyaa| prA0 hemacandra ne to mANikyanandI kA hI anusaraNa kiyA aura tadanusAra apane lakSaNasUtra meM smRti ke AkAra 15 aura kAraNa ko hI sthAna diyaa| pR0. 33. paM0 20. 'sadRzadarzanAdi'--"praNidhAnanibandhAbhyAsaliGgalakSaNasAdRzyapariprahAzrayAzritasambandhAnantaryaviyogaikakAryavirodhAtizayaprAptivyavadhAnasukhaduHkhecchAdvaSabhayArthitvakriyArAgadharmAdharmanimittebhyaH |"-nyaaysuu0 3.2.43 / isa sUtra meM jitane saMskArobodhaka nimitta saMgRhIta haiM utane eka jagaha kahIM dekhane 20 meM nahIM aaye| pR0 33. paM0 23. 'sA ca pramANam'-smRti ko pramA-pramANa-mAnane ke bAre meM mukhya do paramparAe~ haiM-jaina aura jainetr| jaina paramparA use pramANa mAnakara parokSa ke bheda rUpa se isakA varNana karatI hai| jainetara paramparAvAle vaidika, bauddha, sabhI darzana use pramANa nahIM mAnate ataeva ve kisI pramANarUpa se usakI carcA nahIM krte| smRti ko pramANa na 25 mAnanevAle bhI use apramANa-mithyAjJAna-nahIM kahate para ve pramANa zabda se usakA kevala vyavahAra nahIM krte| 1 "AtmanaH saMyogavizeSAt saMskArAcca smRtiH"-vaize0 6.2.6 / 2 "anubhUtaviSayA'sampramoSaH smRtiH"-yogasU01. 11 / 3 prazasta0 pR0256|

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pR0 33. paM0 23.] bhASATippaNAni / ... smRtyAtmaka jJAna meM pramANa zabda kA prayoga karane na karane kA jo matabheda dekhA jAtA hai isakA boja dharmazAstra ke itihAsa meM hai| vaidika paramparA meM dharmazAstra rUpa se veda arthAt zruti kA hI mukhya prAmANya mAnA jAtA hai| manvAdismRtirUpa dharmazAsa pramANa haiM sahI para unakA prAmANya zrutimUlaka hai| jo smRti zrutimUlaka hai yA zruti se aviruddha hai vahI pramANa hai arthAt smRti kA prAmANya zrutiprAmANyatantra hai svatantra nahIM / dharmazAstra ke 5 prAmANya kI isa vyavasthA kA vicAra bahuta purAne samaya se mImAMsAdarzana ne kiyA hai| jAna par3atA hai jaba smRtirUpa dharmazAstra ko chor3akara bhI smRtirUpa jJAnamAtra ke viSaya meM prAmANyaviSayaka prazna mImAMsakoM ke sAmane AyA taba bhI unhoMne apanA dharmazAkhaviSayaka usa siddhAnta kA upayoga karake eka sAdhAraNa hI niyama bA~dha diyA ki smRtijJAna svatantra pramANa nahIM hai, usakA prAmANya usake kAraNabhUta anubhava ke prAmANya para nirbhara hai ata- 10 eva vaha mukhya pramANarUpa se ginI jAne yogya nhiiN| sambhavata: vaidika dharmajIvI mImAMsA darzana ke isa dharmazAstrIya yA tattvajJAnIya nirNaya kA prabhAva sabhI nyAya, vaizeSika, sAMkhyara, yoga Adi itara vaidika darzanoM para par3A hai| ataeva ve apane apane mantavya kI puSTi meM cAhe yukti bhinna-bhinna batalAveM phira bhI ve sabhI eka mata se smRtirUpa jJAna meM pramANa zabda kA vyavahAra na karane ke hI pakSa meM haiN| 15 . kumArila Adi mImAMsaka kahate haiM ki smRtijJAna anubhava dvArA jJAta viSaya ko hI upasthita karake kRtakRtya ho jAne ke kAraNa kisI apUrva artha kA prakAzaka nahIM, vaha kevala gRhItagrAhI hai aura isI se vaha pramANa nahIM3 / prazastapAda ke anugAmI zrIdhara ne bhI usI mImAMsaka kI gRhItagrAhitvavAlI yukti kA avalambana karake smRti ko pramANabAya mAnA hai--kandalI pR. 257 / para akSapAda ke anugAmI jayanta ne dUsarI hI yukti batalAI hai| 20 ve kahate haiM ki smRtijJAna viSayarUpa artha ke sivAya hI utpanna hone ke kAraNa anarthaja hone se pramANa nahIM / jayanta kI isa yukti kA nirAsa zrIdhara ne kiyA hai| akSapAda ke hI anugAmI vAcaspati mizra ne tIsarI yukti dI hai| ve kahate haiM ki lokavyavahAra 1 "pAratanyAt svato naiSAM prmaanntvaavdhaarnnaa| aprAmANyavikalpastu draDhimnaiva vihanyate // pUrvavijJAnaviSayaM vijJAnaM smRtirucyate / pUrvajJAnAdvinA tasyAH prAmANyaM nAvadhAryate ||"-tntrvaa0 pR0 66 / 2 "etadukta bhavati-sarve pramANAdayo'nadhigatamartha sAmAnyataH prakArato vA'dhigamayanti, smRtiH punarna pUrvAnubhavamaryAdAmatikAmati, tadviSayA tadUnaviSayA vA, na tu tadadhikaviSayA, so'yaM vRttyantarAdvizeSaH smRteriti vimRzati |"-tttvvai01.11| 3 "tatra yat pUrvavijJAnaM tasya praamaannymissyte| tadupasthAnamAtreNa smRteH syAcaritArthatA ||"shlokvaa0 anu0 shlo0160| prakraraNapa0 pR0 42 / / 4 "na smRterapramANatvaM gRhiitgraahitaakRtm| api tvanarthajanyatvaM tadaprAmANyakAraNam ||"nyaaym0 pR023| 5 "ye tvanarthajatvAt smRteraprAmANyamAhuH teSAmatItAnagataviSayasyAnumAnasyAprAmANyaM syAditi dUSaNam ||"-kndlii0 pR0257 / 10

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0.33. paM0 23smRti ko pramANa mAnane ke pakSa meM nahIM hai ataeva use pramA kahanA yogya nhiiN| ve pramA kI vyAkhyA karate samaya smRtibhinna jJAna ko lekara ho vicAra karate haiM- tAtparya pR0 20 / udayanAcArya ne bhI smRti ko pramANa na mAnanevAle sabhI pUrvavartI tArkiko kI yuktiyoM kA nirAsa karake anta meM vAcaspati mizra ke tAtparya kA anusaraNa karate hue yahI kahA hai ki anapekSa hone ke kAraNa anubhava hI pramANa koTi meM ginA jAnA cAhie, smRti nahIM; kyoki vaha anubhavasApekSa hai aura aisA mAnane kA kAraNa lokavyavahAra ho hai / . bauddhadarzana smRti ko pramANa nahIM maantaa| usakI yukti bhI mImAMsaka yA vaizeSika jaisIho hai arthAt smRti gRhItagrAhiNI hone se hI pramANa nahIM-tattvasaM0 50 kA. 1298 / phira bhI isa mantavya ke bAre meM jaise nyAya vaizeSika Adi darzanoM para mImAMsA-dharmazAstra10 kA prabhAva kahA jA sakatA hai vaise bauddha-darzana para kahA nahIM jA sakatA kyoMki vaha veda kA hI prAmANya nahIM maantaa| vikalpajJAnamAtra ko pramANa na mAnane ke kAraNa bauddha darzana meM smRti kA prAmANya prasakta ho nahIM hai| ___ jaina tArkika smRti ko pramANa na mAnanevAle bhinna-bhinna uparyukta darzanoM kI gRhItamAhitya, anarthajatva, lokavyavahArAbhAva prAdi sabhI yuktiyoM kA nirAsa karake kevala yahI kahate haiM, 15 ki jaise saMvAdI hone ke kAraNa pratyakSa prAdi pramANa kahe jAte haiM vaise hI smRti ko bhI saMvAdI hone hI se pramANa kahanA yukta hai| isa jaina mantavya meM koI matabheda nhiiN| mAcArya hemacandra ne bhI smRtiprAmANya kI pUrva jaina paramparA kA hI anusaraNa kiyA hai| smRtijJAma kA avisaMvAditva sabhI ko mAnya hai| vastusthiti meM matabheda na hone para bhI matabheda kevala pramA zabda se smRtijJAna kA vyavahAra karane na karane meM hai / 20: pR0. 33. paM0. 23. 'sAca pramANam'-tulanA.. "akssdhiismRtisNjnyaabhishcintyaabhinibodhiH| vyavahArAvisaMvAdaH tadAbhAsastato'nyathA ||"-lghii0 4.4 / pramANapa0 pR0 66 / aSTasa* pR0 276 / prameyaka* 66 A| syAdvAdara0 pR0 487 / prameyara0 2.2 / / pR0. 34. paM0.4. 'nAnanukRtAnvaya-nirvikalpaka pratyakSa ko svalakSaNajanya hI 25 mAnakara pramANa mAnanevAle sautrAntika Adi bauddhoM kA siddhAnta hai ki viSayatA kAraNatA 1 "kathaM tarhi smRtervyavacchedaH / ananubhavatvenaiva / yathArtho hatyanubhavaH prameti prAmANikAH pshynti| 'tattvajJAnAda' iti sUtraNAt / avyabhicAri jJAnamiti c| nanu smRtiH pramaiva kiM na syAda yathArthajJAnatvAt pratyakSAdyanubhUtivaditi cet / na / siddhe vyavahAre nimittaanusrnnaat| na ca svecchAkalpitena nimittena lokavyavahAraniyamanam , avyavasthayA lokvyvhaarviplvprsnggaat| na ca smRtihetau pramANAbhiyuktAnAM maharSINAM pramANavyavahAro'sti, pRthaganupadezAt |"-nyaayku04.1| 2"gRhItagrahaNAnneSTaM sAMvRtaM ....."-(sAMvRtam-vikalpajJAnam-manoratha0) prmaannvaa02.5| 3 "tathAhi-amuSyA'prAmANyaM kuto'yamAviSkurvIta, kiM gRhItArthagrAhitvAt, paricchittivizeSAbhAvAt , asatyAtItethe pravartamAnatvAt, arthAdanutpadyamAnatvAt , visaMvAdakatvAt , samAropAvyavacchedakatvAt , prayojanAprasAdhakatvAt vA!"-syAdvAdara0 3. 4 /

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bhASATippaNAni / vyApta hai| naiyAyika Adi kA bhI janyalaukika pratyakSa ke prati viSayavidhayA artha ko kAraNa mAnane kA siddhAnta suvidita hai / pR0 34. paM0 11. 'darzanasmaraNa' - pratyabhijJA ke viSaya meM do bAteM aisI haiM jinameM dArzanikoM kA matabheda rahA hai- pahalI prAmANya kI aura dUsarI svarUpa kI / bauddha paramparA pratyabhijJA ko pramANa nahIM mAnatI kyoMki vaha kSaNikavAdI hone se pratyabhijJA kA viSaya mAne jAnevAle sthiratva ko hI vAstavika nahIM mAnatI / yaha sthiratvapratIti ko sAdRzyamUlaka mAnakara bhrAnta ho samajhatI hai / para bauddhabhinna jaina, vaidika donoM paramparA ke sabhI dArzanika pratyabhijJA ko pramANa mAnate haiN| ve pratyabhijJA ke prAmANya ke AdhAra para hI bauddhasammata kSaNabhaGga kA nirAsa aura nityatva -- sthiratva - kA samarthana karate haiN| jaina paramparA nyAya, vaizeSika Adi vaidika darzanoM kI taraha ekAntaM nityatva kiMvA kUTastha nityatva nahIM 10 mAnatI tathApi vaha vibhinna pUrvApara avasthAoM meM dhruvatva ko vAstavika rUpa se mAnatI hai prata eva vaha bhI pratyabhijJA ke prAmANya kI pakSapAtinI hai / pR0 34. paM0 11.] 1 pratyabhijJA ke svarUpa ke sambandha meM mukhyatayA tIna pakSa haiM--bauddha, vaidika aura jaina 1 atara kahatA hai ki pratyabhijJA nAmaka koI eka jJAna nahIM hai kintu smaraNa aura pratyakSa ye samucita do jJAna hI pratyabhijJA zabda se vyavahRta hote haiM2 / usakA 'tat' aMza pratIta hone se 15 parokSarUpa hone ke kAraNa smaraNaprAya hai vaha pratyakSamAhya ho hI nahIM sakatA, jaba ki 'idam' aMza vartamAna hone ke kAraNa pratyakSaprAya hai vaha pratyakSaprAhya ho hI nahIM sakatA / isa taraha viSayagata parokSAparokSatva ke AdhAra para do jJAna ke samucaya ko pratyabhijJA kahanevAle bauddha pakSa ke viruddha nyAya, mImAMsaka prAdi vaidika darzana kahate haiM ki pratyabhijJA yaha pratyakSa rUpa eka jJAna hai pratyakSa smaraNa do nahIM / indriyajanya pratyakSa meM vartamAna mAtra viSayakatva kA jo niyama 20 hai vaha sAmAnya niyama hai ataeva sAmagrIvizeSadazA meM vaha niyama sApavAda bana jAtA hai / vAcaspati mizra pratyabhikSA meM pratyakSatva kA upapAdana karate hue kahate haiM ki saMskAra yA smaraNarUpa sahakArI ke bala se bartamAnamAtragrAhI bhI indriya, pratItAvasthA viziSTa vartamAna ko grahaNa kara sakane ke kAraNa, pratyabhijJAjanaka ho sakatI hai / jayanta vAcaspati ke ukta kathana kA anusaraNa karane ke alAvA bhI eka naI yukti pradarzita karate haiN| ve kahate haiM ki 25 smaraNa sahakRtaindriyajanya pratyakSa ke bAda eka mAnasajJAna hotA hai jo pratyabhijJA kahalAtA 4 hai / jayanta kA yaha kathana pichale naiyAyikoM ke alaukikapratyakSavAda kI kalpanA kA bIja mAlUma hotA hai| 1 pramANavA0 3. 501-2 / tasvasaM0 kA0 447 / " '... tasmAd dve ete jJAne sa iti smaraNam ayam ityanubhavaH " - nyAyama0 pR0 446 / 75 2 - 3 tAtparya0 pR0 131 4 " evaM pUrvajJAnavizeSitasya stambhAdervizeSaNamatItakSaNa viSaya iti mAnasI pratyabhizA / " nyAyama0 pR0 461 /

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pramANamImAMsAyA: [pR0 34: paM0 17 . jaina tArkika pratyabhijJA ko na to bauddha ke samAna jJAnasamuccaya mAnate haiM aura na naiyAyikAdi kI taraha bahirindriyaja prtykss| ve pratyabhijJA ko parokSa jJAna mAnate haiN| aura kahate haiM ki indriyajanya jJAna aura smaraNa ke bAda eka saMkalanAtmaka vijAtIya mAnasa jJAna paidA hotA hai vahI pratyabhijJA kahalAtA hai| prakalaGkopajJa ( laghI0 3. 1. se) 5 pratyabhijJA kI yaha vyavasthA jo svarUpa meM jayanta kI mAnasajJAna kI kalpanA ke samAna hai vaha sabhI jaina tArkikoM ke dvArA nirvivAdarUpa se mAna lI gaI hai| prAcArya hemacandra bhI usI vyavasthA ke anusAra pratyabhijJA kA svarUpa mAnakara parapakSa nirAkaraNa aura svapakSasamarthana karate haiN| mImAMsaka (zlokavA0 sU0 4. zlo0 232-237.), naiyAyika ( nyAyasU0 1. 1. 6.) 10 prAdi upamAna ko svatantra pramANa mAnate haiM jo sAzya-vaisadRzya viSayaka hai| unake matA. nusAra hrasvatva, dIrghatva Adi viSayaka aneka sapratiyogika jJAna aise haiM jo pratyakSa hI haiN| jaina tArkikoM ne prathama se hI una saba kA samAveza, pratyabhijJAna ko matijJAna ke prakAravizeSarUpa se svatantra pramANa mAnakara, usI meM kiyA hai, jo aikamatya se sarvamAnya ho gayA hai| pR0 34. paM0 17. 'pAdigrahaNAta'-tulanA-prameyara0 3. 10 / pR0 34. paM0 20. 'payombubhedI-syAdvAdara0 pR0 468. / prameyaka0-pR0 100. A / pR0 34. paM0 25. 'yathA vA audIcyena-julanA-tAtparya0 pR0 168 / . pR0 35. paM0 5. 'yeSAM tu sAzyaviSaya-tulanA-"prasiddhasAdhAt sAdhyasAdhanamupamAnam / " nyAyasU0 1. 1.6 / prameyara0 3. 5 / pR0 35. paM0 11. "atha sAdharmyamupalakSaNam"-tulanA-"sAdharmyagrahaNaM ca dharmamAtro20 palakSaNamiti karabhasaMjJApratipattirapyupamAnaphalameveti nAvyAptiH"-tAtparya0 pR0 200 / pR0 35.paM0 13. 'alpAkSara'-tulanA-tAtparya0 1.1.2 / pArAzara0 a0 18 / pR0 35. paM0 16. 'nanu 'tat' iti'-tulanA-prameyara0 2. 2. / pR0 35. paM0 20. 'pUrvapramita'-tulanA-"kumArilamatena gRhItaprAhitvasyAsiddhimudbhAvayati-pUrvapramita........."-tattvasaM0 kA0 453 / 15 25 pR0. 36. paM0 20. 'upalambha-bhagavAn mahAvIra, buddha aura upaniSad ke saikar3oM varSa pUrva bhI ahU ( Rg0 20. 131. 10) aura tarka ( rAmAyaNa 3. 25. 12.) ye do dhAtu tathA tajjanya rUpa saMskRta-prAkRta bhASA meM pracalita rahe / mAgama, piTaka aura darzanasUtroM meM unakA prayoga vividha prasaGgoM meM thor3e-bahuta bheda ke sAtha vividha arthoM meM dekhA jAtA hai| saba proM meM sAmAnya aMza eka hI hai aura vaha yaha ki 1 "upasargAddhasva uhteH|"-paa0 sU0 7.4. 23 / "naiSA tarkeNa matirApaneyA" kaTha0 2.6 / 2 "takA jattha na vijja -prAcA0 sa0 170 / "vihiMsA vitaka-majjhiA savvAsava "trkaaprtisstthaanaat"-brhmsuu02.1.11| nyaaysuu01.1.40| 2.6 /

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pR0 36. paM0 20.] bhASATippaNAni / vicArAtmaka jJAnavyApAra / jaiminIya sUtra aura usake zAbarabhASya prAdi1 vyAkhyAanthoM meM usI bhAva kA dyotaka Uha zabda dekhA jAtA hai, jisako jayanta ne majarI meM anumAnAtmaka yA zabdAtmaka pramANa samajhakara khaNDana kiyA hai-nyAyama0 pR0 588 / nyAyasUtra ( 1. 1. 40 ) meM tarka kA lakSaNa hai jisameM Uha zabda bhI prayukta hai aura usakA artha yaha hai ki tarkAtmaka vicAra svayaM pramANa nahIM kintu pramANAnukUla manovyApAra mAtra hai| / pichale naiyAyikoM ne tarka kA artha vizeSa sthira evaM spaSTa kiyA hai| aura nirNaya kiyA hai ki tarka koI pramANAtmaka jJAna nahIM hai kintu vyAptijJAna meM bAdhaka honevAlI aprayojakasvazaGkA ko nirasta karanevAlA vyApyAropapUrvaka vyApakAropasvarUpa AhArya jJAna mAtra hai jo usa vyabhicArazaGkA ko haTAkara vyAptinirNaya meM sahakArI yA upayogI ho sakatA hai-cintA0 anu0 pR. 210; nyAya0 vR0 1. 1. 40 / prAcIna samaya se hI nyAya 10 darzana meM tarka kA sthAna pramANakoTi meM nahIM hai| nyAyadarzana ke vikAsa ke sAtha hI tarka ke artha evaM upayoga kA itanA vizadIkaraNa huA hai ki isa viSaya para bar3e sUkSma aura sUkSmatara prantha likhe gaye haiM jisakA prArambha gaGgeza upAdhyAya se hotA hai| bauddhatArkika ( hetuvi0 TI0 li. pR0 25 ) bhI tarkAtmaka vikalpajJAna ko vyAptijJAnopayogI mAnate hue bhI pramANa nahIM maante| isa taraha tarka ko pramANarUpa mAnane kI mImAMsaka 15 paramparA aura apramANarUpa hokara bhI pramANAnuprAhaka mAnane kI naiyAyika aura bauddha paramparA hai| jaina paramparA meM pramANarUpa se mAne jAnevAle matijJAna kA dvitIya prakAra IhA jo vastuta: guNadoSavicAraNAtmaka jJAnavyApAra hI hai usake paryAyarUpa se Uha aura tarka donoM zabdoM kA prayoga umAsvAti ne kiyA hai-tattvArthabhA0 1. 15 / jaba jaina paramparA meM tArkika paddhati se pramANa ke bheda aura lakSaNa Adi kI vyavasthA hone lagI taba sambhavata: sarva- 20 prathama prakalaGka ne hI tarka kA svarUpa, viSaya, upayoga Adi sthira kiyA ( laghI0 svavi0 3. 2.) jisakA anusaraNa pichale sabhI jaina tArkikoM ne kiyA hai| jaina paramparA mImAMsako kI taraha tarka yA Uha ko pramANAtmaka jJAna hI mAnatI AI hai| jaina tArkika kahate haiM ki vyAptijJAna hI tarka yA Uha zabda kA artha hai| cirAyAta prAryaparamparA ke ati paricita aha yA tarka zabda ko lekara hI akalaGka ne parokSapramANa ke eka bheda rUpa se tarkapramANa sthira 2: kiyaa| aura vAcaspati mizra Adi3 naiyAyikoM ne vyAptijJAna ko kahIM mAnasapratyakSarUpa, kahIM laukikapratyakSarUpa, kahIM anumiti Adi rUpa mAnA hai usakA nirAsa karake jaina tArkika vyAptijJAna ko ekarUpa hI mAnate Aye haiM vaha rUpa hai unakI paribhASA ke anusAra vrkpdprtipaay| prAcArya hemacandra usI pUrvaparamparA ke samarthaka haiN| 1 "trividhazca uuhH| mntrsaamsNskaarvissyH|"-shaabrbhaa0 6. 1.1 / jaiminIyanyA0 adhyAya 6. pAda 1. adhi01|| 2 nyAyasU0 1.2.1 / 3 tAtparya0 pR0 156-167 / nyAyama0 pR0 123 /

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15 20 78 pramANamImAMsAyAH pR0 36. paM0 21. 'upalambhaH pramANamAtra' - - tulanA - prameyaka0 pR0 100 B. / 25 dvAdara0 3.7 / prameyara0 3.12 / samartha sannihitaviSaya pR0 36. paM0 24. 'na cAyaM vyAptigrahaH - "naM hi pratyakSaM yAvAnkazciddhUmaH kAlAntare dezAntare ca pAvakasyaiva kArya nArthAntarasyeti iyatA vyApArAna katu 5 balAtpatteravicArakatvAt " - laghI0 svavi0 3. 2 / aSTasa0 pR0 280 / yaka0 pR0 100 B syAdvAdara0 pR0 506 / prameyara0 2. 2 / pramANapa0 pR0 70 / prame pR0 37. paM0 5. 'anumAnAntareNa' - tulanA - zlokavA * anu0 zlo0 151 - 153 / hetubi0 TI0 li0 pR0 25 / pR0 37. paM0 7. 'tarhi tatpRSTha'- tulanA-" yasyAnumAnamantareNa sAmAnyaM na pratIyate bhavatu 10 tasyAyaM doSo'smAkaM tu pratyakSa pRSThabhAvinApi vikalpena prakRtivibhramAt sAmAnyaM pratIyate |"hetubi0 TI0 li0 pR0 25 B / " dezakAlavyaktivyaptyA ca vyAptirucyate / yatra yatra dhUmastatra tatra agniriti| pratyakSapRSThazca vikalpo na pramANaM pramANavyApArAnukArI tvasau iSyate"- manoratha 0 107 / pR0 37. paM0 11. ' SaNDhAttanayadohada : ' - tulanA - " sAdhyAbhilASa ityevaM SaNThAttanayadohadaH / " 'nyAyama0 pR0 111 / pR0 37. paM0 11. 'etena - anupalambhAt'- -- tulanA"pratyakSAnupalambhAbhyAM na tAvattatprasAdhanam / tayoH sannihitArthatvAt trikAlAgocaratvataH / / 153 / / kAraNAnupalambhAccet kAryakAraNatAnumA / vyApakAnupalambhAcca vyApyavyApakatAnumA // 154 // tadvayAptisiddhirapyanyAnumAnAditi na sthitiH / parasparamapi vyAptisiddhAvanyonyasaMzrayaH // 155 // " pramANapa0 pR0 66 / prameyara0 pR0 38. 36 / tattvArthazlo0 1. 10 / [ pR0 36. 021 st pR0 37. paM0 15. 'vaizeSikAstu'- - tulanA - prameyara0 pR0 36 / pramANapa0 pR0 66 / pR0 37. paM0 20. ' yogAstu' - tulanA - tAtparya 0 pR0 131, 167 / pR0 38. paM0 3. 'vyAptiH ' - Age dasaveM sUtra meM avinAbhAva kA lakSaNa hai jo vastuta: vyApti hI hai phira bhI tarka lakSaNa ke bAda tarkaviSayarUpa se nirdiSTa vyApti kA lakSaNa isa sUtra ke dvArA A0 hemacandra ne kyoM kiyA aisA prazna yahA~ hotA hai| isakA khulAsA yaha hai ki hetuvinduvivaraNa meM arcaTa ne prayojana vizeSa batalAne ke vAste vyApyadharmarUpa se aura vyApakadharmarUpa se bhinna bhinna vyAptisvarUpa kA nidarzana bar3e AkarSaka DhaGga se kiyA hai jise dekhakara 30 prA0 hemacandra kI cakora dRSTi usa aMza ko apanAne kA lAbha saMvRta kara na sakI / A0 syA

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40 38. paM0 3.] bhaassaattippnnaani| hemacandra ne paTIta usa carcA ko akSaraza: lekara prastuta sUtra aura usakI. vRtti meM vyavasthita kara diyA hai| . arcaTa ke sAmane prazna thA ki vyApti eka prakAra kA.sambandha hai, jo saMyoga kI taraha dviSTha hI hai phira jaise. eka hI saMyoga ke do sambandhI 'ka' aura 'kha' aniyatarUpa se anuyogIpratiyogI ho sakate haiM vaise eka hI vyAptisambandha ke do sambandhI hetu aura sAdhya ani. yatarUpa se hetusAdhya kyoM na hoM arthAt unameM se amuka hI gamaka aura amuka hI gamya aisA niyama.kyo ? / isa prazna ke prAcAryopanAmaka kisI tArkika kI ora se uThAye jAne kA marcaTa ne ullekha kiyA hai| - isakA javAba arcaTa ne, vyApti ko saMyoga kI taraha ekarUpa sambandha nahIM para vyApakadharma aura kyApyadharmarUpa se vibhinna svarUpa batalAkara, diyA hai aura kahA hai ki apanI viziSTa vyApti ke kAraNa vyApya hI gamaka hotA hai tathA apanI viziSTa 10 jyApti ke kAraNa vyApaka hI gamya hotA hai| gamyagamakabhAva sarvatra aniyata nahIM hai jaise aadhaaraadheybhaav| usa purAne samaya meM hetu-sAjya meM aniyatarUpa se gamyagamakabhAva kI bhApati ko TAlane ke vAste arcaTa jaise tArkikoM ne dvividha vyApti kI kalpanA kI para nyAyazAstra ke vikAsa ke sAtha hI isa Apatti kA nirAkaraNa hama dUsare aura vizeSayogya prakAra se dekhate 16 haiN| navyanyAya ke sUtradhAra gaGgeza ne cintAmaNi meM pUrvapakSIya aura siddhAntarUpa se anekavidha vyAptiyoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai-cintA0 gAdA0 pR0 141-360 / pUrvapakSIya vyAptiyoM meM avyabhicaritatva kA pariSkAra? hai jo vastuta: avinAbhAva yA arcaTokta vyApyadharmarUpa hai| siddhAntabyApti meM jo vyApakatva kA pariSkArAMzara hai vahI arcaTokta vyApakadharmarUpa vyApti hai| arthAt arcaTa ne jisa vyApakadharmarUpa vyApti ko gamakatvAniyAmaka kahA hai use gaGgeza 20 vyApti hI nahIM kahate, ve use vyApakatva mAtra kahate haiM aura tathAvidha vyApaka ke sAmAnAdhikaraNya ko hI vyApti kahate haiM3 / gaGgaza kA yaha nirUpaNa vizeSa sUkSma hai| gaGgeza jaise tArkikoM ke avyabhicaritatva, vyApakatva prAdi viSayaka nirUpaNa prA0 hemacandra kI dRSTi meM pAye hote to unakA bhI upayoga prastuta prakaraNa meM avazya dekhA jaataa| vyApti, pravinAbhAva, niyatasAhacarya ye paryAyazabda tarkazAstroM meM prasiddha haiN| * avinA- 25 bhAva kA rUpa dikhAkara jo vyApti kA svarUpa kahA jAtA hai vaha to mANikyanandI (parI0 3. 17, 18) Adi sabhI jainatArkikoM ke granthoM meM dekhA jAtA hai para arcaTokta naye vicAra kA saMgraha prA0 hemacandra ke sivAya kisI anya jaina tArkika ke grantha meM dekhane meM nahIM aayaa| 1 "na tAvadavyabhicaritatvaM taddhi na sAdhyAbhAvavadavRttitvam, sAdhyavabhinnasAdhyAbhAvavadavRttitva...... sAdhyavadanyAvRttitvaM vaa|"-cintaa0 gAdA0 pR0141| 2 "pratiyogyasamAnAdhikaraNayatsamAnAdhikaraNAtyantAbhAvapratiyogitAvacchedakAvacchinnaM yanna bhavati". cintA0 gAdA0 pR0 361 / 3. "tena samaM tasya sAmAnAdhikaraNyaM vyaatiH||"-cintaa0 gAdA0 pR0361|

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80 pramANamImAMsAyAH [40 38. paM0 5pR0 38. 50 5. 'vyAptiH iti'-tulanA-"tasya pakSadharmasya sato vyAptiH yo vyApnoti yazca vyApyate tadubhayadharma ......dA vyApakasya gamyasya tatreti satsaptamyarthapradhAnametat nAdhArapradhAnam , dharmANAM dharma............yatra dharmiNi vyApyamasti tatra sarvatra bhAva eva vyApakasya svagato dharmo vyAptiH tt............| na tvevamavadhAryate / vyApakasyaiva tatra bhAva iti / 5 hetvabhAvaprasaGgAdavyApakasyApi mUrttatvAdestatra bhaavaat| nApi 'tatraiveti prayatnAnantarIyakatvA. derahetutApatteH sAdhAraNazca hetuH syAt, nityatvasya prameyeSveva bhAvAt / yadA tu vyApyaSamatAvivakSA vyAptestadA vyApyasya vA gamakasya tatraiva vyApake gamye sti| yatra dharmiNi vyApako'sti tatraiva bhAvo na tadabhAve'pi vyAptiriti / atrApi vyApyasyaiva tatra bhAva ityava dhAraNaM hetvabhAvaprasaktareva nAzritam, pravyApyasyApi tatra bhAvAt nApi vyApyasya vatra bhAva eveti 10 sapataikadezavRtterahetutvaprAptaH sAdhAraNasya hetutva syAt prameyatvasya nityeSvavazyaMbhAvAditi / vyApyavyApakadharmatAsaMvarNanaM tu vyApterubhayatra tulyadharmatayaikAkArA pratIti: saMyogivat mA bhUditi pradarzanArtham / tathAhi pUrvatrAyogavyavacchedenAvadhAraNam uttaratrAnyayogavyavacchedeneti kuta ubhayatraikAkAratA vyAptaH / taduktam liGge liGgI bhavatyeva liGginyevetarat punaH / 15. niyamasya viparyAse'sambandho liGgaliGginAH ||-iti // " hetubi0 TI0 li. pR0 18 se / 20 . pR0 36. 50 5. 'svArthaparArthabhedAta-AcArya hemacandra ne svArtha-parArtharUpa se anumAna ke hI do bheda kiye haiM jo sabhI vaidika, bauddha aura jaina tArkikoM meM sAdhAraNa haiN| anumAna kI taraha pratyakSa ko bhI parArtha kahakara usake svArtha-parArtharUpa se do bheda dikhAnevAlA jahA~ taka mAlUma hai sarvaprathama siddhasena hI hai "svanizcayavadanyeSAM nizcayotpAdanaM budhaiH| parArtha mAnamAkhyAtaM vAkyaM tadupacArataH ||"-nyaayaa0 10 / siddhasena ke isa pratyakSa dvaividhya ko devasUri ne bhI mAnya rakhA-pramANana0 3. 24 / prA. hemacandra ne usa siddhasenopajJa pratyakSa vibhAga ko apane grantha meM sthAna nahIM diyA hai| pR0 36. paM0 5. 'vyAmoha'-tulanA "tavyAmohanivRttiH syAdvathAmUDhamanasAmiha |"-nyaayaa0 3 / pR0 36. paM0 12. 'iha ca na' -tulanA-"yato na yogyatayA liGga parokSajJAnasya nimittm| yathA bIjamaGkurasya / adRSTALUmAdagnerapratipatteH / nApi svaviSayajJAnApekSa parokSArthaprakAzanam / yathA pradIpo ghttaadeH| dRssttaadpynishcitsmbndhaadprtiptteH| tasmAt parokSA rthanAntarIyakatayA nizcayanameva liGgasya parokSArthapratipAdanavyApAraH / " nyAyabi0 TI0 2.5 / 30 pR0 36. paM0 16. 'nanu ca asiddha hetu ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM dArzanikoM meM cAra paramparAe~ dekhI jAtI haiM-1-vaizeSika, sAMkhya, bauddha, 2-naiyAyika; 3-ajJAtanAmaka; 4-jaina / 25

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pR0 36 paM0 16.] bhASATippaNAni / prathama paramparA ke anusAra hetu ke pakSasattva, sapakSasattva aura vipakSavyAvRttatva ye tIna rUpa haiN| isa paramparA ke anugAmI vaizeSika, sAMkhya aura bauddha tIna darzana haiM, jinameM vaizeSika aura sAMkhya hI prAcIna jAna par3ate haiN| pratyakSa aura anumAna rUpa se pramANadvaya vibhAga ke viSaya meM jaise bauddha tArkikoM ke Upara kaNAda darzana kA prabhAva spaSTa hai vaise hI hetu ke trairUpya ke viSaya meM bho vaizeSika darzana kA hI anusaraNa bauddha tArkikoM ne kiyA jAna par3atA / hai| prazastapAda khuda bhI liGga ke svarUpa ke varNana meM eka kArikA kA avataraNa dete haiM jisameM trirUpa hetu kA kAzyapakathita rUpa se nirdeza2 hai| mAThara apanI vRtti meM unhIM tIna rUpoM kA nirdeza karate haiM-mAThara0 5 / abhidharmakoza, pramANasamuccaya, nyAyapraveza (01), nyAyabindu ( 2. 5 se.), hetubindu / pR0 6 ) aura tattvasaMgraha (kA0 1362) prAdi sabhI bauddhagranthoM meM unhIM tIna rUpoM ko hetu lakSaNa mAnakara trirUpa hetu kA hI samarthana 10 kiyA hai| bIna rUpoM ke svarUpavarNana evaM samarthana tathA parapakSanirAkaraNa meM jitanA vistAra evaM vizadIkaraNa bauddha granthoM meM dekhA jAtA hai utanA kisI kevala vaizeSika yA sAMkhya prantha meM nhiiN| .: naiyAyika uparyukta tIna rUpoM ke alAvA abAdhitaviSayatva aura asatpratipakSitatva ye do rUpa mAnakara hetu ke pAzcarUpya kA samarthana karate haiN| yaha samarthana sabase pahale 15 kisane zurU kiyA yaha nizcaya rUpa se abhI kahA nahIM jA sktaa| para sambhavata: isakA prathama samarthaka udyotakara (nyAyavA0 1. 1 5) hone caahieN| hetubindu ke TokAkAra arcaTa ne (pR0 165 ) tathA prazastapAdAnugAmI zrIdhara ne naiyAyikokta pAzcarUpya kA trairUpya meM samAveza kiyA hai| yadyapi vAcaspati ( tAtparya0 1. 1. 5; 1. 1. 36 ), jayanta (nyAyama pR0 110) prAdi pichale sabhI naiyAyikoM ne ukta pAzcarUpya kA samarthana evaM varNana kiyA hai 20 tathApi vicArasvatantra nyAyaparamparA meM vaha pAJcalapya mRtakamuSTi kI taraha sthira nahIM rhaa| gadAdhara Adi naiyAyikoM ne vyApti aura pakSadharmatArUpa se hetu ke gamakatopayogI tIna rUpa kA hI avayavAdi meM saMsUcana kiyA hai| isa taraha pAzcarUpya kA prAthamika naiyAyikAmaha zithila hokara trairUpya taka A gyaa| ukta pAzcarUpya ke alAvA chaThA ajJAtatva rUpa ginAkara SaDUpa hetu mAnanevAlo bhI koI paramparA thI jisakA nirdeza aura khaNDana arcaTa: 25 .. 1 pro. cArabiTskI ke kathanAnusAra isa trairUpya ke viSaya meM bauddhoM kA asara vaizeSikoM ke Upara hai-Buddhist Logic vol. I P. 244 / - 2 "yadanumeyena sambaddhaM prasiddhaM ca tadanvite / tadabhAve ca nAstyeva talliGgamanumApakam // viparItamato yat syAdekena dvitayena vaa| viruddhAsiddhasandigdhamaliGgaM kAzyapeA'bravIt ||"-prshst0 pR0200| kandalI pR0203| : .. 3 "paDalakSaNo heturityapare naiyAyikamImAMsakAdayo manyante / kAni punaH SaDarUpANi hetostairiSyante ityAha...trINi caitAni pakSadharmAndhayavyatirekAkhyANi, tathA abAdhitaviSayatvaM caturtha rUpam ,...tathA vivakSitaikasaMkhyatvaM rUpAntaram -ekA saMkhyA yasya hetudravyasya tadekasaMkhyaM...yokasaMkhyAvacchinnAyAM pratiheturahitAyAM hetuvyaktI hetutvaM bhavati tadA gamakatvaM na tu pratihetusahitAyAmapi dvitvasaMkhyAyuktAyAma...tathA / jJAnaviSayatvaM ca, na yajJAta' hetuH svasattAmAtreNa gamako yukta iti |"-hetubi0 TI0164 B .

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82 pramANamImAMsAyAH + ne 'naiyAyika-mImAMsakAdayaH' aisA sAmAnya kathana karake kiyA hai / nyAyazAstra meM jJAyamAna liGga kI karayatA kA jo prAcIna mata ( zAyamAnaM liGga tu karaNa' na hi - muktA 0 kA 0 67) khaNDanIya rUpa se nirdiSTa hai usakA mUla zAyada usI SaDrUpa hetuvAda kI paramparA meM ho / jaina paramparA hetu ke ekarUpa ko hI mAnatI hai aura vaha rUpa hai avinAbhAvaniyama / 5 usakA kahanA yaha nahIM ki hetu meM jo tIna yA pA~ca rUpAdi mAne jAte haiM ve asat haiM / usakA kahanA mAtra itanA hI hai ki jaba tIna yA pA~ca rUpa na hone para bhI kinhoM hetuoM se nirvivAda sadanumAna hotA hai taba avinAbhAvaniyama ke sivAya sakalahetusAdhAraNa dUsarA koI lakSaNa saralatA se banAyA hI nahIM jA sakatA / ataeva tIna yA pA~ca rUpa avinAbhAvaniyama ke yathAsambhava prapazvamAtra haiM / yadyapi siddhasena ne nyAyAvatAra meM hetu ko 10 sAdhyAvinAbhAvI kahA hai phira bhI avinAbhAvaniyama hI hetu kA ekamAtra rUpa hai aisA samarthana karanevAle sambhavataH sarvaprathama pAtrasvAmI haiM / tatva saMgraha meM zAntarakSita ne jainaparamparAsammata avinAbhAvaniyamarUpa eka lakSaNa kA pAtrasvAmI ke manvavyarUpa se hI nirdeza karake khaNDana kiyA hai ? | jAna par3atA hai pUrvavartI anya jainatArkikoM ne hetu ke 1. svarUpa rUpa se avinAbhAvaniyama kA kathana sAmAnyataH kiyA hogA / para 15 usakA sayuktika samarthana aura bauddhasammata trairUpya kA khaNDana sarvaprathama pAtrasvAmI ne hI kiyA hogA / [ pR0 38. paM0 16 "anyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim / nAnyathA'nupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim / / " -nyAyavi0 pR0 500 / 20 yaha khaNDanakArikA akalaGka, vidyAnanda ( pramANapa0 pR0 72 ) Adi ne uddhRta kI hai vaha pAtrasvAmikatRka honI cAhie / pAtrasvAmI ke dvArA jo parasammata trairUpya kA khaNDana jaina paramparA meM zurU huA usI kA pichale prakalaGka ( pramANasaM0 pR0 66 A ) Adi digaMmbarazvetAmbara tArkika ne anusaraNa kiyA hai| trairUpyakhaNDana ke bAda jainaparamparA meM pAzvarUpya kA bhI khaNDana zurU huA / ataeva vidyAnanda ( pramANapa pR0 72 ), prabhAcandra (prameyaka0 pR0 103 B), vAdI devasUri (syAdvAdara0 pR0 521 ) Adi ke digambarIya-zvetAmbarIya pichale tarkamanthoM meM 25 trairUpya aura pAbhvarUpya kA sAtha hI savistara khaNDana dekhA jAtA hai / prAcArya hemacandra usI paramparA ko lekara trairUpya tathA pAthyarUpya donoM kA nirAsa karate haiM / yadyapi viSayadRSTi se prA0 hemacandra kA khaNDana vidyAnanda Adi pUrvavartI prAcAryoM ke khaNDana ke samAna hI hai tathApi inakA zAbdika sAmya vizeSataH anantavIrya kI prameyaratnamAlA ke sAtha hai / anya sabhI pUrvavartI jainatArkikoM se prA0 hemacandra kI eka vizeSatA 30 jo aneka sthaloM meM dekhI jAtI hai vaha yahA~ bhI hai| 1 vaha vizeSatA - saMkSepa meM bhI kisI na 1 "anyathetyAdinA pAtrasvAmimatamAzaGkate - nAnyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim / anyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim // " - tattvasaM0 kA0 1364-66 /

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10 42. paM0 1.] bhASATippaNAni / kisI naye vicAra kA jainaparamparA meM saMgrahIkaraNamAtra hai| hama dekhate haiM ki prA0 hemacandra ne bauddhasammata rUpya kA pUrvapakSa rakhate samaya jo vistRta avataraNa nyAyavindu kI dharmottarIya vRtti meM se akSarazaH liyA hai vaha anya kisI pUrvavartI jaina tarkagrantha meM nahIM hai| yadyapi vaha vicAra bauddhatArkikakRta hai tathApi jaina tarkazAstra ke abhyAsiyoM ke vAste cAhe pUrvapakSa rUpa se bhI vaha vicAra khAsa jJAtavya hai| Upara jisa 'anyathAnupapanatva' kArikA kA ullekha kiyA hai vaha niHsandeha tarkasiddha hone ke kAraNa sarvatra jainaparamparA meM pratiSThita ho gaI hai| yahA~ taka ki usI kArikA kA anukaraNa karake vidyAnanda ne thor3e hera-phera ke sAtha pAzcarUpyakhaNDana viSayaka bhI kArikA banA DAlI hai-pramANa 50 pR. 72 / isa kArikA kI pratiSThA tarkabala para aura tarkakSetra meM hI rahanI cAhie thI para isake prabhAva ke kAyala atArkika bhaktoM ne isakI pratiSThA mana- 10 gaDhanta DhaGga se bddh'aaii| aura yahA~ taka vaha bar3hI ki khuda tarkagranthalekhaka prAcArya bhI usa kalpita DhaGga ke zikAra bne| kisI ne kahA ki usa kArikA ke kartA aura dAtA mUla meM sImandharasvAmI nAmaka tIrthakara haiN| kisI ne kahA ki sImandharasvAmI se padmAvatI nAmaka devatA isa kArikA ko lAI aura pAtrakesarI svAmI ko usane vaha kArikA do| isa taraha kisI bhI tArkika manuSya ke mukha meM se nikalane kI aikAntika yogyatA rakhanevAlI isa 15 kArikA ko sImandharasvAmI ke mukha meM se andhabhakti ke kAraNa janma lenA par3AsammatiTI0 pR0 566 (7) / prstu| jo kucha ho A0 hemacandra bhI usa kArikA kA upayoga karate haiN| itanA to avazya jAna par3atA hai ki isa kArikA ke sambhavata: udbhAvaka pAtrasvAmI digambara paramparA ke hI haiM, kyoki bhaktipUrNa una managaDhanta kalpanAoM kI sRSTi kevala digambarIya paramparA taka hI sImita hai| 20 pR0 36. paM0 17. 'tathAhi-anumeye-tulanA-nyAyabi0 TI0 2 5-7 / pR0.41. paM0. 17. 'athaivaMvidha:'-tulanA-prameyara0 3. 16 / pR. 42. paM0 1. 'svabhAva'-jaina tarkaparamparA meM hetu ke prakAroM kA varNana to prakalaGka ke granthoM (pramANasaM0 pR0 67-68 ) meM dekhA jAtA hai para unakA vidhi yA niSedhasAdhaka rUpa se spaSTa vargIkaraNa hama mANikyanandI, vidyAnanda prAdi ke granthoM meM hI pAte haiN| 25 mANikyanandI, vidyAnanda, devasUri aura prA. hemacandra ina cAra kA kiyA humA hI vaha vargIkaraNa dhyAna dene yogya hai| hetuprakAroM ke jainapranthagata vargIkaraNa mukhyatayA vaizeSika sUtra aura dharmakIrti ke nyAyabindu para avalambita haiN| vaizeSikasUtra (6.2.1) meM kArya, kAraNa, saMyogI, samavAyo aura virodhI rUpa se paJcavidha liGga kA spaSTa nirdeza hai / nyAyabindu (2.12) meM svabhAva, kArya aura anupalambha rUpa se trividha liGga kA varNana hai tathA anupalabdhi ke gyAraha 30

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4 pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 42. paM0 1prakAra1 mAtra niSedhasAdhakarUpa se varNita haiM, vidhisAdhaka rUpa se eka bhI anupalabdhi nahIM batalAI gaI hai| akalaGka aura mANikyanandI ne nyAyabindu ko anupalabdhi to svIkRta kI para usameM bahuta kucha sudhAra aura vRddhi kii| dharmakIrti anulabdhi zabda se sabhI anupalabdhiyoM ko yA upalabdhiyoM ko lekara ekamAtra pratiSedha kI siddhi batalAte haiM taba mANikyanandI anupa5 labdhi se vidhi aura niSedha ubhaya kI siddhi kA nirUpaNa karate haiM itanA hI nahIM balki upa labdhi ko bhI ve vidhi-niSedha ubhayasAdhaka batalAte haiN| vidyAnanda kA vargIkaraNa vaizeSikasUtra ke AdhAra para hai| vaizeSikasUtra meM abhUta bhUta kA, bhUta abhUta kA aura bhUta bhUta kA isa taraha trividhaliGga nirdiSTa hai3 / para vidyAnanda ne usameM abhUta abhUta kA-yaha eka prakAra bar3hAkara cAra prakAroM ke antargata sabhI vidhiniSedhasAdhaka upalabdhiyoM tathA sabhI 10 vidhiniSedhasAdhaka anupalabdhiyoM kA samAveza kiyA hai-pramANapa0 pR0 72-74 / isa vistRta samAvezakaraNa meM kinhIM pUrvAcAryoM kI saMgrahakArikAoM ko uddhRta karake unhoMne saba prakAroM kI saba saMkhyAoM ko nirdiSTa kiyA hai mAno vidyAnanda ke vargIkaraNa meM vaizaiSika. sUtra ke alAvA akalaGka yA mANikyanandI jaise kisI jainatArkika kA yA kisI bauddha tArkika kA prAdhAra hai| devasUri ne apane vargIkaraNa meM parIkSAmukha ke vargIkaraNa ko hI AdhAra mAnA huA jAna par3atA hai phira bhI devasUri ne itanA sudhAra avazya kiyA hai ki jaba parIkSAmukha vidhisAdhaka chaH upalabdhiyoM (3.56) aura tIna anupalabdhiyoM (3.86) ko varNita karate haiM taba pramANanayatatvAloka vidhisAdhaka cha: upalabdhiyoM (3.64) kA aura pA~ca anupalabdhiyoM 15 1 "svabhAvAnupalabdhiryathA nA'tra dhUma upalabdhilakSaNaprAptasyAnupalabdheriti / kAryAnupalabdhiryathA nehApratibaddhasAmarthyAni dhUmakAraNAni santi dhUmAbhAvAt / vyApakAnupalabdhiryathA nAtra ziMzapA vRkSAbhAvAt / svabhAvaviruddhopalabdhiryathA nAtra zItasparzo'gneriti / viruddhakAryopalabdhiryathA nAtra zItasparTI dhUmAditi / viruddhavyAptopalabdhiryathA na dhruvabhAvI bhUtasyApi bhAvasya vinAzA hetvantarApekSaNAt / kAryaviruddhopalabdhiryathA nehApratibaddhasAmarthyAni zItakAraNAni santi agneriti / vyApakaviruddhopalabdhiryathA nAtra tuSAraspo'gneriti / kAraNAnupalabdhiryathA nAtra dhUmo'gnyabhAvAt / kAraNaviruddhopalabdhiryathA nAsya romaharSAdivizeSAH sannihitadahanavizeSatvAditi / kAraNa viruddhakAryopalabdhiryathA na romaharSAdivizeSayuktapuruSavAnayaM pradeza dhUmAditi ||"-nyaaybi0 2.32-42 / 2 parI0 3. 57-56, 78, 86 / 3 "virodhyabhUtaM bhUtasya / bhUtamabhUtasya / bhUto'bhUtasya |"-vai0 sU0 3. 11-13 / .. ..4 "atra saMgrahazlokAH- syAtkArya kAraNavyApyaM prAksahottaracAri c| liGga talakSaNavyAptebhUtaM bhUtasya sAdhakaM // SoDhA viruddhakAryAdi sAkSAdevopavarNitam / liGgaM bhUtamabhUtasya liGgalakSaNayogataH // pAramparyAttu kArya syAt kAraNaM vyApyameva c| sahacAri ca nirdiSTa pratyekaM taccaturvidham // kAraNAd dviSThagaryAdibhedenodAhRtaM puraa| yathA SoDazabhedaM syAt dvAviMzatividhaM tataH / liGga samuditaM zayamanyathAnupapattimat / tathA bhUtamabhUtasyApyUhatyamanyadapIdRzam // abhUtaM bhUtamunnItaM bhUtasyAnekadhA budheH| tathA'bhUtamabhUtasya yathAyogyamudAharet // bahudhApyevamAkhyAtaM saMkSepeNa caturvidham / atisaMkSepato dvedhopalambhAnupalambhabhRt ||"-prmaannp0 pR074-75 /

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pR0 42.50 24.] bhaassaattippnnaani| (3.66) kA varNana karatA hai| niSedhasAdhakarUpa se chaH upalabdhiyoM (3.71) kA aura sAta anupalabdhiyoM (3.78) kA varNana parIkSAmukha meM hai taba pramANanayatasvAloka meM niSedhasAdhaka anupalabdhi (3.60) aura upalabdhi (3.76) donoM sAta sAta prakAra kI haiN| prAcArya hemacandra vaizeSikasUtra aura nyAyavindu donoM ke AdhAra para vidyAnanda kI taraha vargIkaraNa karate haiM phira bhI vidyAnanda se vibhinnatA yaha hai ki A0 hemacandra ke vargI- 5 karaNa meM koI bhI anupalabdhi vidhisAdhaka rUpa se varNita nahIM hai kintu nyAyavindu kI taraha mAtra niSedhasAdhakarUpa se varNita hai| vargIkaraNa kI anekavidhatA tathA bhedoM kI saMkhyA meM nyUnAdhikatA hone para bhI tattvata: sabhI vargIkaraNoM kA sAra eka hI hai| vAcaspati mizra ne kevala bauddhasammata vargIkaraNa kA hI nahIM balki vaizeSikasUtragata vargIkaraNa kA bhI nirAsa / kiyA hai-jAtparya0 pR0 158-164 / 10 pR042. paM0 6. 'tadvizeSasya'-tulanA-"yadutpattimat tadanityamiti svabhAvabhUtadharmabhedena svabhAvasya pryogH| yat kRtakaM tdnitymityupaadhibheden| apekSitaparavyApAro hi bhAva: svabhAvaniSpattau kRtaka iti| evaM pratyayabhedabheditvAdayo draSTavyAH''-nyAyabi0 3. 12-15 / . "yathA ca kRtakazabdo bhinnavizeSaNasvabhAvAbhidhAyyevaM pratyayabhedabheditvamAdiryeSAM prayatnAnantarIyakatvAdInAM te'pi svabhAvahetoH prayogA bhinnavizeSaNasvabhAvAbhidhAyino draSTavyAH / "- 15 nyAyavi0 TI0 3. 15 / pR0 42. paM0 6. 'pakSAdanyasyaiva'-tulanA-"yaiva cAsya sAdhyadharmiNi svasAdhyAvinA.. bhAvitA saiva gamakatve nibandhanaM naanydhrminni| sa ca svasAdhyAvinAbhAvaH pratibandhasAdhakapramANanibandhano na sapakSe kvacid bahulaM vA sahabhAvamAtradarzananibandhanaH, nahi lohalekhyaM va pArthivatvAt kASThAdivat iti tadanyatra pArthivatvasya lohalekhyatvAvinAbhAvApi tathAbhAvo bhavati / 20 yadi ca pakSIkRtAdanyatraiva vyAptirAdarzayitavyeti niyamaH tadA sattvaM kathaM kSaNikartA bhAveSu pratipAdayet .... 'tasmAt-svasAdhyapratibandhAt hetuH tena vyApta: siddhayati sa ca viparyaye bAdhakapramANavRttyA sAdhyadharmiNyapi siddhayati iti na kiMcid anyatrAnuvRttyapekSayA / ata evAnyatra ( vinizcaye ) uktam-yat kvacid dRSTaM tasya yatra pratibandha: tadvidaH tasya tad gamakaM tatreti vastugatiriti / " hetubi0 TI0 li. pR0 15 B, 16 B. 25 pR0 42. paM0 24. 'sUkSmadarzinApi-kAryaliGgaka anumAna ko to sabhI mAnate haiM para kAraNaliGgaka anumAna mAnane meM matabheda hai| bauddhatArkika khAsakara dharmakIrti kahIM bhI kAraNaliGgaka anumAna kA svIkAra nahIM karate para vaizeSika, naiyAyika donoM kAraNaliGgaka anumAna ko prathama se hI mAnate Aye haiN| apane pUrvavartI sabhI jainatArkiko ne jaise kAraNaliGgaka anumAna kA bar3e z2oroM se upapAdana kiyA hai vaise hI prA. hemacandra ne bhI usakA upapAdana 30 kiyA hai| prA0 hemacandra nyAyavAdI zabda se dharmakIrti ko hI sUcita karate haiN| yadyapi mA0 hemacandra dharmakIrti ke mantavya kA nirasana karate haiM tathApi unakA dharmakIrti ke prati vizeSa Adara hai jo 'sUkSmadarzinApi' isa zabda se vyakta hotA hai|

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CE pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 44. paM08pR0 44. paM0 8. 'tathA cetanAM vinA-kAryaliGgaka anumAna ke mAnane meM kisI kA matabheda nahIM phira bhI usake kisI kisI udAharaNa meM matabheda khAsA hai| 'jovat zarIraM sAtmakam, prANAdimattvAt' isa anumAna ko bauddha sadanumAna nahIM mAnate, ve use mithyAnumAna mAnakara hetvAbhAsa meM prANAdihetu ko ginAte haiM-nyAyabi0 3.66 / bauddha loga itara dArzanikoM kI 5 taraha zarIra meM vartamAna nitya Atmatattva ko nahIM mAnate isI se ve anya dArzanikasammata sAtmakatva kA prANAdi dvArA anumAna nahIM mAnate, jaba ki vaizeSika, naiyAyika, jaina Adi sabhI pRthagAtmavAdI darzana prANAdi dvArA zarIra meM Atmasiddhi mAnakara use sadanumAna hI mAnate haiN| ataeva prAramavAdI dArzanikoM ke liye yaha siddhAnta Avazyaka hai ki sapakSa vRttitva rUpa anvaya ko sadhetu kA anivArya rUpa na maannaa| kevala vyatirekavAle arthAt 10 anvayazUnya liGga ko bhI ve anumitiprayojaka mAnakara prANAdihetu ko sadhetu mAnate haiM / isakA samarthana naiyAyikoM kI taraha jainatArkikoM ne bar3e vistAra se kiyA hai| .. prA0 hemacandra bhI usI kA anusaraNa karate haiM, aura kahate haiM ki anvaya ke prabhAva meM bhI hetvAbhAsa nahIM hotA isaliye anvaya ko hetu kA rUpa mAnanA na caahie| bauddha sammata khAsakara dharmakIrzinirdiSTa anvayasandeha kA anaikAntikaprayojakatvarUpa se khaNDana 15 karate hue mA0 hemacandra kahate haiM ki vyatirekAbhAvamAtra ko hI viruddha aura anekAntika donoM kA prayojaka mAnanA caahie| dharmakIrti ne nyAyabindu meM vyatirekAbhAva ke sAtha anvayasandeha ko bhI anekAntikatA kA prayojaka kahA hai usI kA niSedha mA0 hemacandra karate haiN| nyAyavAdI dharmakIrti ke kisI upalabdha prantha meM, jaisA prA0 hemacandra likhate haiM, dekhA nahIM jAtA ki vyatirekAbhAva hI dono viruddha aura anaikAntika yA donoM prakAra ke anekAntika 20 kA prayojaka ho| taba "nyAyavAdinApi vyatirekAmAvAdeva hetvAbhAsAvukto' yaha prA0 hemacandra kA kathana prasaGgata ho jAtA hai| dharmakIrti ke kisI anya meM isa mA0 hemacandrokta bhAva kA ullekha na mile to prA0 hemacandra ke isa kathana kA artha thor3I khIMcAtAnI karake yahI karanA cAhie ki nyAyavAdI ne bhI do hetvAbhAsa kahe haiM para unakA prayojakarUpa jaisA hama mAnate haiM vaisA vyatirekAbhAva hI mAnA jAya kyoMki usa aMza meM kisI kA vivAda nahIM prata. 25 eva nirvivAdarUpa se svIkRta vyatirekAbhAva ko hI ukta hetvAbhAsadvaya kA prayojaka mAnanA, - anvayasandeha ko nhiiN| ___yahA~ eka bAta khAsa likha denI caahie| vaha yaha ki bauddha.tArkika hetu ke trairUpya kA samarthana karate hue anvaya ko prAvazyaka isalie batalAte haiM ki ve vipakSAsava. rUpa vyatireka kA sambhava 'sapakSa eva sattva' rUpa anvaya ke binA nahIM maante| ve kahate haiM ki 1 "kevalavyatirekiNaM tvIdRzamAtmAdiprasAdhane paramamastramupekSitu na zaknuma ityayathAbhASyamapi vyAkhyAnaM shreyH|"-nyaaym0 pR0 578 / tAtparya0 pR0 283 / kandalI pR0 204 / 2"anayoreva dvayo rUpayAH saMdehe'naikAntikaH |"-nyaaybi03.8|

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pR0 45. paM0 20. 1 bhASATippaNAni / * 1 anvaya hone se hI vyatireka phalita hotA hai cAhe vaha kisI vastu . meM phalita ho yA avastu agara anvaya na ho to vyatireka bhI sambhava nahIM / anvaya aura vyatireka donoM rUpa parasparAzrita hone para bhI bauddha tArkikoM ke mata se bhinna hI haiN| ataeva ve vyatireka kI taraha anvaya ke Upara samAna hI bhAra dete haiM / jainaparamparA aisA nahIM mAnatI / usake anusAra vipakSavyAvRttirUpa vyatireka hI hetu kA mukhya svarUpa hai| jainaparamparA ke anusAra usI eka 5 hI rUpa ke anvaya yA vyatireka do jude jude nAmamAtra haiN| isI siddhAnta kA anusaraNa karake prA. hemacandra ne anta meM kaha diyA hai ki 'sapakSa eva sattva' ko agara anvaya kahate ho taba to vaha hamArA abhipreta anyathAnupapattirUpa vyatireka hI huA / sArAMza yaha hai ki bauddhatArkika jisa tatva ko anvaya aura vyatireka parasparAzrita rUpoM meM vibhAjita karake donoM hI rUpoM kA hetulakSaNa meM samAveza karate haiM, jainatArkika usI tatva ko ekamAtra anyathAnupapatti yA 10 vyatirekarUpa se svIkAra karake usakI dUsarI bhAvAtmaka bAjU ko lakSya meM nahIM leve / pR0 45. paM0 16. 'virodhi tu' - vyAkhyA - " svabhAvaviruddhopalabdhiryathA nAtra zItasparzo vaha riti / pratiSedhyasya zItasparze yaH svabhAvaH tasya viruddho vahnistasya cehopalabdhi: / kAryaviruddhopalabdhiryathA nehA pratibaddhasAmarthyAni zItakAraNAni santi vahneriti / prantyadazA prAptameva kAraNaM kAryaM janayati na sarva tato vizeSaNopAdAnam / pratiSedhayAnAM zItakAraNAnAM kArya 15 zItaM tasya viruddho vahniH tasyehApalabdhiH / kAraNaviruddhopalabdhiryathA nAsya romaharSAdivizeSAH santi sannihitadahana vizeSatvAt / pratiSedhyAnAM re|mhrssaadivishessaannaaN kAraNaM zItam, tasya viruddho dahanavizeSastasya cehopalabdhiH / vyApakaviruddhopalabdhiryathA nAtra tuSArasparzo dahanAt / pratiSedhyasya tuSAra sparzasya vyApakaM zItaM tasyeha viruddho dahanavizeSaH tasyehApalabdhiH / vyApakaviruddhopalabdhiryathA nAtra tuSArasparzo dahanAt / pratiSedhyasya tuSArasparzasya vyApakaM zItaM tasyeha 20 viruddhoM dahanavizeSaH tasyehopalabdhiH / svabhAvaviruddha kAryopalabdhiryathA nAtra tuSArasparzo dhUmAt / pratiSebhyasya tuSAra sparzasya ya: svabhAvaH tasya viruddho vahniH / tasya kArya dhUma: tasya cehopalabdhi: / kAryaviruddhakAryopalabdhiryathA nehA pratibaddhasAmarthyAni zItakAraNAni santi dhUmAditi / pratiSedhyAnAM zItakaraNAnAM kArya zItaM tasya viruddho vahniH tasya kArya dhUmaH tasyehopalabdhiH / kAraNaviruddhakAryopalabdhiryathA na romaharSAdiyukta puruSavAnaya pratiSedhyAnI 25 hi romaharSAdivizeSANAM kAraNaM zItaM tasya viruddho vahniH tasya kArya dhUmaH tasyehopalabdhi: / vyApakaviruddha kAryopalabdhiryathA nAtra tuSArasparzo dhUmAt / pratiSedhyasya tuSArasparzasya vyApakaM zItaM tasya viruddho'gnistasya kArya dhUmastasyeha |palabdhiH / " - tarka bhASA pari0 2 | pradezo dhUmAt / 87 a0 1, A0 2. sU0 13-17, pR0 45 pakSa ke sambandha meM yahA~ cAra bAtoM para vicAra hai - 1 -pakSa kA lakSaNa - svarUpa, 2- lakSaNAntargata vizeSaNa kI vyAvRtti, 3-pakSa ke 30 AkAra nirdeza, 4- usake prakAra /

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [ pR0 45. paM0 20 1 - bahuta pahile se hI pakSa kA svarUpa vicArapatha meM Akara nizcita sA ho gayA thA phira bhI prazastapAda ne pratijJAlakSaNA karate samaya usakA citraNa spaSTa kara diyA hai? / nyAyapraveza meM aura nyAyabindu meMre to yahA~ taka lakSaNa kI bhASA nizcita ho gaI hai ki isake bAda ke sabhI digambara zvetAmbara tArkikoM ne usI bauddha bhASA kA unhIM zabdoM se yA 5 paryAyAntara se anuvAda karake hI apane apane granthoM meM pakSa kA svarUpa batalAyA hai jisameM koI myUnAdhikatA nahIM hai / da 2- lakSaNa ke iSTa, prasiddha, aura prabAdhita ina tInoM vizeSaNoM kI vyAvRtti prazastapAda aura nyAyapraveza meM nahIM dekhI jAtI kintu abAdhita isa eka vizeSaNa kI vyAvRtti unameM spaSTa 4 / nyAyabindu meM ukta tInoM kI vyAvRtti hai| jainamanthoM meM bhI tInoM vizeSayoM kI 10 vyAvRtti spaSTatayA batalAI gaI hai / antara itanA hI hai ki mANikyanandI ( parI0 3. 20. ) deva (pramANana0 3. 14-17 ) to sabhI vyAvRttiyA~ dharmakIrtti kI taraha mUla sUtra meM hI darasAI haiM jaba ki prA0 hemacandra ne do vizeSaNoM kI vyAvRttiyoM ko vRtti meM batalAkara sirpha prazastapAda ne pratyakSaviruddha, anumAna - rUpa se pA~ca bAdhitapanta batalAye para svazAstraviruddha ke sthAna meM lokalokaviruddha donoM nahIM haiM para pratIti bAdhya vizeSaNa kI vyAvRtti ko sUtrabaddha kiyA hai / viruddha, Agamaviruddha, svazAstraviruddha aura svavacanaviruddha 15 haiN| nyAyapraveza meM bhI bAdhitapakSa to pA~ca hI haiM viruddha kA samAveza hai / nyAyabindu meM Agama aura 1 "pratipipAdayiSita dharmaviziSTasya dharmiNo'padezaviSayamApAdayitu N udda ezamAtraM pratijJA.... zravirodhigrahaNAt pratyakSAnumAnAbhyupagatasvazAstrasvavacanavirodhino nirastA bhavanti " - prazasta0 pR0 234 | 2 " tatra pakSaH prasiddho dharmI prasiddhavizeSeNa viziSTatayA svayaM sAdhyatvenepsitaH / pratyakSAdyaviruddha iti vAkyazeSaH / tadyathA nityaH zabdo'nityo veti / " - nyAyapra0 pR0 1 / 3 "svarUpeNaiva svayamiSTo'nirAkRtaH pakSa iti / " nyAyabi0 3. 40 / 4 " yathA'nuSNe'gniriti pratyakSavirodhI, ghanamambaramiti anumAnavirodhI, brAhmaNena surA peyetyAgamavirodhI, vaizeSikasya satkAryamiti bruvataH svazAstravirodhI, na zabdo'rthapratyAyaka iti svavacanavirodhI / "prazasta0 pR0 234 / "sAdhayitumiSTopi pratyakSAdiviruddhaH pakSAbhAsaH / tadyathA-- pratyakSaviruddha:, anumAnaviruddhaH, zrAgamaviruddhaH, lokaviruddhaH svavacanaviruddhaH, aprasiddha vizeSaNaH, aprasiddhavizeSyaH, prasiddhobhayaH, prasiddhasambandhazceti / " nyAyapra0 pR0 2 / 5 "svarUpeNeti sAdhyatveneSTaH / svarUpeNaiveti sAdhyatveneSTo na sAdhanatvenApi / yathA zabdasyAnityatve sAdhye cAkSuSatvaM hetuH zabde'siddhatvAtsAdhyam, na punastadiha sAdhyatveneSTaM sAdhanatvenApyabhidhAnAt / svayamiti vAdinA / yastadA sAdhanamAha / etena yadyapi kvacicchAstre sthitaH sAdhanamAha, tacchAstrakAreNa tasmindharmiNyanekadharmAbhyupagame'pi, yastadA tena vAdinA dharmaH svayaM sAdhayitumiSTaH sa eva sAdhyo netara ityukta bhavati / iSTa iti yatrArthe vivAdena sAdhanamupanyastaM tasya siddhimicchatA sonuaise vacanena sAdhyaH / tadadhikaraNatvAdvivAdasya / yathA parArthAzcakSurAdayaH saMghAtatvAcchyanAsanAdyaGgavat iti zratrAtmArthA ityanuktAvapyAtmArthatA sAdhyA, anena noktamAtrameva sAdhyamityuktaM bhavati / nirAkRta iti etallakSaNayoge'pi yaH sAdhayitumiSTo'pyarthaH pratyakSAnumAnapratItisvavacanairnirAkriyate na sa pakSa iti pradarzanArtham / " - nyAyavi0 3. 41-50 /

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pR0 45. paM0 20.] bhASATippayAni / 5 viruddha kA samAveza karake kula pratyakSa, anumAna, svavacana aura pratItiviruddha rUpa se cAra bAdhita pakSa batalAye haiM / jAna par3atA hai, bauddha paramparAgata AgamaprAmANya asvIkAra kA vicAra karake dharmakIrtti ne Agamaviruddha ko haTA diyA hai / para sAtha hI pratItiviruddha ko bar3hAyA / mANikyanandI ne parI0 6.15 ) isa viSaya meM nyAyabindu kA nahIM para nyAyapraveza kA anusaraNa karake usI ke pA~ca bAdhita pakSa mAna liye jinako devasUri ne bhI mAna liyA / alabattA devasUri ne ( pramANana0 6.40 ) mANikyanandI kA aura nyAyapraveza kA anusaraNa karate hue bhI pradipada rakha diyA aura apanI vyAkhyA ratnAkara meM smaraNaviruddha, tarkaviruddha rUpa se anya bAdhita pakSoM ko bhI dikhAyA / A0 hemacandra ne nyAyabindu kA pratItiviruddha le liyA, bAkI ke pA~ca nyAyapraveza aura parIkSAmukha ke lekara kula chaH bAdhita pakSoM ko sUtrabaddha kiyA hai / mAThara (sAMkhyakA0 5 ) jo saMbhavata: nyAyapraveza se purAne haiM unhoMne 10 pakSAbhAsoM kI nava saMkhyA mAtra kA nirdeza kiyA hai, udAharaNa nahIM diye / nyAyapraveza sodAharaNa nava pakSAbhAsa nirdiSTa haiM / 3 - zrA0 hemacandra ne sAdhyadharmaviziSTa dharmI ko aura sAdhyadharma mAtra ko pakSa kahakara usake do prakAra batalAye haiM, jo unake pUrvavartI mANikyanandI ( 3.25 - 26, 32 ) aura devasUri ne (3.16-18 ) bhI batalAye haiM / dharmakIrtti ne sUtra to eka hI AkAra nirdiSTa kiyA 15 hai para usakI vyAkhyA meM dharmottara ne (2.8) kevala dharmI, kevala dharma aura dharmadharmisamudAya rUpa se pakSa ke tIna AkAra batalAye haiN| sAtha hI usa pratyeka AkAra kA upayoga kisa kisa samaya hotA hai yaha bhI batalAyA hai jo ki apUrva hai / vAtsyAyana ne ( nyAyabhA0 1.1.36 ) dharmafafe dharmI aura dharmiviziSTa dharma rUpa se pakSa ke do AkAroM kA nirdeza kiyA hai / para prakAra ke upayogoM kA varNana dharmottara kI usa vyAkhyA ke alAvA anyatra pUrva manthoM meM 20 nahIM dekhA jaataa| mANikyanandI ne isa dharmottarIya vastu ko sUtra meM hI apanA liyA jisakA devasUri ne bhI sUtra dvArA hI anukaraNa kiyA / A0 hemacandra ne usakA anukaraNa tA kiyA para use sUtrabaddha na kara vRtti meM hI kaha diyA / 4 - itara sabhI jaina tArkikoM kI taraha prA0 hemacandra ne bhI pramANasiddha, vikalpasiddha aura ubhayasiddha rUpa se pakSa ke tIna prakAra batalAye haiN| pramANasiddha pakSa mAnane ke vAre 25 meM to kisI kA matabheda hai hI nahIM, para vikalpasiddha aura ubhayasiddha pakSa mAnane meM matabheda hai| vikalpasiddha aura pramANa-vikalpasiddha pakSa ke viruddha, jahA~ taka mAlUma hai, sabase pahile prazna uThAnevAle dharmakIrtti hI haiN| yaha abhI nizcita rUpa se kahA nahIM jA sakatA ki dharmakIrti kA vaha AkSepa mImAMsakoM ke Upara rahA yA jainoM ke Upara yA donoM ke Upara / phira bhI itanA nizcita rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki dharmakIrtti ke 30 usa AkSepa kA savistara javAba jaina tarkapranthoM meM hI dekhA jAtA hai| javAba kI jaina prakriyA meM sabhI ne dharmakIrtti ke usa prakSepIya padya ( pramANavA0 1. 162 ) kA uddhRta bhI kiyA hai / 86 12

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pramANamImAMsAyA: [1046.50 14maNikAra gaGgeza ne pakSatA kA jo antima aura sUkSmatama nirUpaNa kiyA hai usakA pA0 hemacandra kI kRti meM Ane kA sambhava hI na thA phira bhI prAcIna aura parvAcIna sabhI pakSa lakSaNoM ke tulanAtmaka vicAra ke bAda itanA to avazya kahA jA sakatA hai ki gaGgeza kA vaha pariSkRta vicAra sabhI pUrvavartI naiyAyika, bauddha aura jaina granthoM meM purAnI paribhASA aura 5 purAne DhaGga se pAyA jAtA hai| pR0 46. paM0 14. 'etata-tulanA-"atra hetulakSaNe nizcetavye dhrmynumeyH| anyatra tu sAdhyapratipattikAle smudaayo'numeyH| vyAptinizcayakAle tu dharmo'numeya iti darzayitumatra grahaNam / jijJAsito jJAtumiSTo vizeSo dharmo yasya dharmiNaH sa tathoktaH |"-nyaaybi0 TI0 2.8 / parI0 3. 25, 26, 32, 33 / pramANana0 3.16-18 / 10 pR0 46. paM0 16. 'prasiddhaH-tulanA-"prasiddho dharmIti |"-prii0 3. 27 / pR0 46. paM0 20. 'etena sarva evaM'-tulanA-prameyara0 3. 26,27 / pR047.50 5. 'tatra buddhisiddhe-parI0 3. 27-31 / pR0 47. paM0 7. 'nanu dharmiNi-tulanA-prameyara0 3. 26 / pR0 40. paM0 16. 'ubhayasiddho dharmI'-tulanA-prameyara0 3. 31 / 15. pra. 1. prA0 2. sU0 18-23. pR0 47. dRSTAnta ke viSaya meM isa jagaha vIna bAteM prastuta haiM-1-anumAnAGgatva kA prazna, 2-lakSaNa, 3-upyog| 1-dharmakIrti ne hetu kA rUpyakathana jo hetusamarthana ke nAma se prasiddha hai usameM hI dRSTAnta kA samAveza kara diyA hai ataeva unake matAnusAra dRSTAnta hetusamarthanaghaTaka rUpa se anumAna kA aGga hai aura vaha bhI avidvAnoM ke vaaste| vidvAnoM ke vAste to ukta samarthana 20 ke sivAya hetumAtra hI kAryasAdhaka hotA hai (pramANavA0 1. 28), isalie dRSTAnta unake lie anumAnAGga nhiiN| mANikyanandI (3. 37-42), devasUri (pramANana0 3.28, 34-38) aura prA0 hemacandra sabhI ne dRSTAnta ko anumAnASa nahIM mAnA hai aura vikalpa dvArA anumAna meM usakI upayogitA kA khaNDana bhI kiyA hai, phira bhI una sabhI ne kevala mandamati ziSyoM ke lie parArthAnumAna meM (pramANana0 3. 42, parI0 3. 46 ) use vyAptismAraka batalAyA hai 25 taba prazna hotA hai ki unake anumAnAGgatva ke khaMDana kA artha kyA hai| isakA javAba yahI 1 "ucyate-siSAdhayiSAvirahasahakRtasAdhakapramANAbhAvo yatrAsti sa pakSaH, tena siSAdhayiSAvirahasahakRtaM sAdhakapramANa yatrAsti sa na pakSaH, yatra sAdhakapramANe satyasati vA siSAdhayiSA yatra vobhayAbhAvastatra viziSTAbhAvAt pakSatvam |"-cintaa0 anu0 gAdA0 pR0 431-32 /

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40 47.50 24.] bhASATippaNAni / hai ki inhoMne jo dRSTAnta kI anumAnAGgatA kA pratiSedha kiyA hai vaha sakalAnumAna kI dRSTi se arthAt anumAna mAtra meM dRSTAnta ko ve aGga nahIM maante| siddhasena ne bhI yahI bhAva saMkSipta rUpa meM sUcita kiyA hai-nyAyA0 20 / ataeva vicAra karane para bauddha aura jaina tAtparya meM koI khAsa antara naz2ara nahIM paataa| 2-dRSTAnta kA sAmAnya lakSaNa nyAyasUtra ( 1.1.25 ) meM hai para bauddha granthoM meM vaha nahIM / dekhA jaataa| mANikyanandI ne bhI sAmAnya lakSaNa nahIM kahA jaisA ki siddhasena ne para devasUri ( pramANana03.40 ) aura prA0 hemacandra ne sAmAnya lakSaNa bhI batalA diyA hai| nyAyasUtra kA dRSTAntalakSaNa itanA vyApaka hai ki anumAna se bhinna sAmAnya vyavahAra meM bhI vaha lAgU par3a jAtA hai jaba ki jainoM kA sAmAnya dRSTAntalakSaNa mAtra anumAnopayogI hai| sAdharmyavaidharmya rUpa se dRSTAnta ke do bheda aura unake alaga alaga lakSaNa nyAyapraveza (pR0 1, 2 ), 10 nyAyAvatAra (kA. 17, 18 ) meM vaise hI dekhe jAte haiM jaise parIkSAmukha (3. 47 se) prAdi (pramANana0 3. 41 se ) pichale granthoM meN| 3-dRSTAnta ke upayoga ke sambandha meM jaina vicArasaraNI aikAntika nhiiN| jaina tArkika / parArthAnumAna meM jahA~ zrotA avyutpanna ho vahIM dRSTAnta kA sArthakya mAnate haiN| svArthAnumAna sthala meM bhI jo pramAvA vyApti sambandha ko bhUla gayA ho usI ko usakI yAda dilAne ke 15 vAste dRSTAnta kI caritArthatA mAnate haiM-syAdvAdara0 3. 42 /

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dvitIyAdhyAya / a0 2. prA0 1. sU0 1-2. pR046. parArthAnumAna kI carcA vaidika, bauddha, jaina-tInoM paramparAoM meM pAI jAtI hai| yoM to svArtha aura parArtha anumAna kA vibhAga kaNAda aura nyAyasUtra meM sUcita hotA hai, phira bhI upalabhya pramANagranthoM meM parArtha anumAna kA spaSTa lakSaNanirdeza prazastapAda aura nyAyapraveza meM hI prAcIma jAna par3atA hai / prazastapAda / ke anugAmI bhAsarvajJa (nyAyasAra pR0 5) Adi sabhI naiyAyikoM ne prazastapAda ke hI kathana ko thor3e hera-phera ke sAtha duharAyA hai| nyAyapravezagata parArthAnumAna sambandhI jo lakSaNanirdeza hai, usI ko pichale dharmakIrti ( nyAyabi. 3. 1), zAntarakSita ( tatvasaM. kA01363 ) Adi bauddha tAkikoM ne vizeSa spaSTa karake kahA hai| jahA~ taka mAlUma hai, jaina paramparA meM parArtha anumAna ke spaSTa lakSaNa ko batalAnevAle saba se pahile siddhasena 10 divAkara hI haiM-nyAyA0 13 / unake mArga kA pichale jaina tArkikoM ne anusaraNa kiyA hai-parI0 3. 55, pramANana0 3. 23 / / prA0 hemacandra ne parArtha anumAna ke lakSaNa prasaGga meM mukhyatayA do bAteM lI haiN| pahalo to usakA lakSya-lakSaNanirdeza, aura dUsarI bAta hai zabda meM Aropa. se parArthAnumAnatva ke vyavahAra kA samarthana / yaha donoM bAteM vaidika, bauddha aura jaina sabhI pUrvavartI tarkagranthoM meM 16 pAI jAtI haiN| Aropa kA bIja, jo lakSaNA sambandhI vicAra karanevAle pAlaGkArika Adi pranthoM meM dekhA jAtA hai, usakA spaSTIkaraNa bhI A0 hemacandra ne pUrvavartI prAcAryoM kI taraha hI kiyA hai| pR0 46. paM0 8. 'acetanaM hi vacana'-tulanA-prameyara0 3.55-56 / pR0 46. paM0 6. 'upacArazcAtra-tulanA-nyAyabi0 TI0 3.2 / 20 a0 2. prA0 1. sU0 3-6. pR0 46. prastuta cAra sUtroM meM parArtha anumAna ke prayogadvaividhya kI carcA hai| parArtha anumAna kA do prakAra kA prayoga vaidika, bauddha, jaina-tInoM paramparAoM ko mAnya hai, para vaidika aura bauddha do paramparAoM meM sAdharmya udAharaNa, vaidharmya udAharaNa, sAdharmya upanaya, vaidharmya upanaya prAdikRta prayogadvaividhya prasiddha hai| hetu ke prayoga 1 "paJcAvayavena vAkyena svanizcitArthapratipAdanaM parArthAnumAnam |"-prshst0 pR0 231 / 2 "tatra pakSAdivacanAni sAdhanam"-nyAyapra0 pR01| 3"mukhyArthabAdhe tadyoge rUDhito'tha pryojnaat| anyo'rtho lakSyate yatsA lakSaNAropitA kriyA ||"kaavypr02.haakaavyaanushaa01.17-18|

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93 pR050.50 24.] bhaassaattippnnaani| bheda se parArtha anumAna kA bheda ukta do paramparAoM meM prasiddha nahIM hai jaisA ki jaina paramparA meM prasiddha hai| . jaina paramparA meM udAharaNa Adi ke prayogabheda se parArtha anumAna kA prayogabheda mAnane ke alAvA hetu ke prayogabheda se bhI usakA bheda mAnA jAtA hai| hetu ke prayogabheda kI rIti sabase pahale siddhasena ke nyAyAvatAra (kA0 17 ) meM sthApita jAna par3atI hai|| pichale sabhI digambara-zvetAmbara tArkikoM ne usI hetuprayoga kI dvividha rIti ko nirvivAda rUpa se mAna liyA hai| prA0 hemacandra ne bhI usI rIti ko apane sUtroM meM darzAyA hai| . isa viSaya meM prA0 hemacandra kI racanA kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki dharmakIrti ke nyAyabindu aura usakI dharmottarIyavRtti kA (3.7) prastuta prakaraNa meM zabdaza: anukaraNa pAyA jAtA hai, jaisA ki anya pUrvavartI jaina tarkagranthoM meM nahIM hai| - 10 pR0 50. paM0 8. 'etaduktaM bhavati'-tulanA-"etaduktaM bhavati-anyadabhidheyamanyatprakAzyaM prayojanam / tatrAbhidheyApekSayA vAcakatvaM bhidyate / prakAzyaM tvabhinnam / anvaye hi kathite vakSyamANena nyAyena vyatirekagatirbhavati / vyatireke caanvygtiH| tatatrirUpaM liGga prakAzyamabhinnam / na ca yatrAbhidheyabhedastatra sAmarthyagamyo'pyartho bhidyate / yasmAt pInA devadatto divA na bhuGkte, pIno devadatto rAtrau bhuGkta ityanayorvAkyayorabhidheyabhede'pi gamyamAnamekameva 15 tadvadihAbhidheyabhede'pi gamyamAnaM vastvekameva |"-nyaayvi0 TI0 3. 7. a0 2. prA0 1. sU07-8. pR0 50. parArthAnumAna meM pakSa kA prayoga karane na karane kA matabheda hai| naiyAyika prAdi vaidika paramparA pakSa kA prayoga Avazyaka samajhatI hai| bauddha paramparA meM nyAyapraveza meM to pakSavacana sAdhanavAkyAGga rUpa se mAnA hI hai para uttaravartI dharmakIrti ne pratijJA ko vyartha hI batalAyA hai aura kahA hai ki usakA prayoga sAdhana- 20 vAkya kA praGga nahIM hai| jaina paramparA pakSa ke prayoga kI AvazyakatA kA samarthana karatI hai| siddhasena ne khuda hI pakSa ke prayoga kA vidhAna kiyA hai (tat prayogo'tra karttavya:-nyAyA0 14), jo sambhavataH dharmakIrti ke pratijJAniSedha ke khaNDana ke liye hai| usI kA samarthana karate hue pichale jaina tArkikoM ne bauddha mantavya ke viruddha apanI dalIleM dI haiM / parIkSAmukha, pramANanayatattvAloka aura unakI vyAkhyAoM kI apekSA prA0 hemacandra kI kRti kI isa 25 sambandha meM vizeSatA yaha hai ki unhoMne vAcaspati mizra kRta ( tAtparya0 TI0 pR0 274 ) pakSasamarthanaprakAra akSaraza: isa jagaha avatArita kiyA hai, antara hai to itanA hI ki vAcaspati mizrane brAhmaNaparamparAsulabha brAhmaNa guru-ziSya kA udAharaNa diyA hai jaba ki prA. hemacandra 1 "trirUpaliGgAkhyAnaM parArthAnumAnam |"-nyaaybi0 3. 1. / "athavA tasyaiva sAdhanasya yannAGga pratijJopanayanigamanAdi......"-vAdanyAya pR0611 prAta

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pramANamImAMsAyA: [pR0 51. 501ne usa udAharaNa ke sthAna meM prativAdI bauddha paramparA kA hI bhikSu-zaikSa prasaMga udAharaNa rUpa se varNita kiyA hai| pR0 51. paM0 1. 'ayamartha:-tulanA-"tathAhi parapratyAyanAya vacanamucArayanti prekSAvantaH tadeva ca pare bodhayitavyA yad bubhutsante tathAsatyanenApekSitAbhidhAnAt paro bodhito bhavati na 5 khalvAmrAn pRSTaH kovidArAnAcakSANaH praSTuravadheyavacano bhvti| anavadheyavacanazca kathaM prati pAdako nAma ? / yathA ca mAThara samidhamAhareti guruNA preSita eSo'hamAharAmItyanuktvA tadarthaM yadAyaM gRhaM pravizati tadA'smai kupyati guruH prAH ziSyApasada chAndasavattara mAThara mAmavadhIrayasIti bruvaannH| evamanityaM zabdaM bubhutsamAnAyAnityaH zabda ityanuktvA yadeva kiJciducyate kRtakatvAditi vA, yat kRtakaM tadanityamiti vA, kRtakazca zabda iti vA, 10 tat sarvamasyAnapekSitamApAtato'sambaddhAbhidhAnam / tathA cAnavahito na boddhamaItIvi / yat kRtkN........| anityaH zabda iti tvapekSita ukte kuta ityapekSAyAM kRtakatvAditi heturupatiSThate |"-taatpry0 pR0 274 / pR0 52.50 1. 'sAdhyavyApta-tulanA-prameyara0 3.35 / a0 2. prA0 1. sU0 6-10. pR. 52. parArtha anumAna sthala meM prayogaparipATI 15 ke sambandha meM matabheda hai| sAMkhya tArkika pratijJA, hetu, dRSTAnta ina tIna avayatroM kA hI prayoga mAnate haiM-mAThara 5 / mImAMsaka, vAdideva ke kathanAnusAra, tIna avayavoM kA hI prayoga mAnate haiMsyAdvAdara0 pR0 556 / para prA0 hemacandra tathA anantavIrya ke kathanAnusAra ve cAra avayavoM kA prayoga mAnate haiM-prameyara 0 3. 37 / zAlikanAtha, jo mImAMsaka prabhAkara ke anugAmI haiM unhoMne apanI prakaraNapabcikA meM (pR083-85 ), tathA pArthasArathi mizra ne zlokavArtika 20 kI vyAkhyA meM ( anu0 zlo0 54 ) mImAsakasammata tIna avayavoM kA hI nidarzana kiyA hai| vAdideva kA kathana zAlikanAtha tathA pArthasArathi ke anusAra hI hai para prA0 hemacandra tathA anantavIrya kA nhiiN| agara prA. hemacandra aura anantavIrya donoM mImAMsakasammata caturavayava kathana meM bhrAnta nahIM haiM to samajhanA cAhie ki unake sAmane caturavayavavAda kI koI mImAMsaka paramparA rahI ho jisakA unhoMne nirdeza kiyA hai| naiyAyika pA~ca avayavoM 30 kA prayoga mAnate haiM-1. 1. 32 / bauddha tArkika, adhika se adhika hetu-dRSTAnta do kA hI prayoga mAnate haiM (pramANavA0 1. 28; syAdvAdara0 pR0 556) aura kama se kama kevala hetu kA hI prayoga mAnate haiM ( pramANavA0 1. 28) / isa nAnA prakAra ke matabheda ke bIca jaina tArkikoM ne apanA mata, jaisA anyatra bhI dekhA jAtA hai, vaise hI anekAnta dRSTi ke anusAra niyukti

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10 52. paM0 8.] bhASATippaNAni / kAla se hI sthira kiyA hai| digambara-zvetAmbara sabhI jainAcArya avayavaprayoga meM kisI eka saMkhyA ko na mAnakara zrotA kI nyUnAdhika yogyatA ke anusAra nyUnAdhika saMkhyA ko mAnate haiN| mANikyanandI ne kama se kama pratijJA-hetu-ina do avayavoM kA prayoga svIkAra karake viziSTa zrotA kI apekSA se nigamana paryanta pA~ca avayavoM kA bhI prayoga svIkAra kiyA / hai-parI0 3. 37.46 / prA. hemacandra ke prastuta sUtroM ke aura unakI svopajJa vRtti ke zabdoM se bhI mANikyanandI kRta sUtra aura unakI prabhAcandra Adi kRta vRtti kA hI ukta bhAva phalita hotA hai arthAt A0 hemacandra bhI kama se kama pratijJAhetu rUpa avayavadvaya ko hI svIkAra karake anta meM pA~ca avayava ko bhI svIkAra karate haiM; parantu vAdideva kA mantavya isase judA hai| vAdideva sUri ne apanI svopajJa vyAkhyA meM zrotA kI vicitratA batalAte hue yahA~ 10 taka mAna liyA hai ki viziSTa adhikArI ke vAste kevala hetu kA hI prayoga paryApta hai (syAdvAdara0 pR0 548), jaisA ki bauddhoM ne bhI mAnA hai| adhikArI vizeSa ke vAste pratijJA aura hetu do, anyavidha adhikArI ke vAste pratijJA, hetu aura udAharaNa tIna, isI taraha anya ke vAste sopanaya cAra, yA sanigamana pA~ca avayavoM kA prayoga svIkAra kiyA hai-syAdvAdara. pR0 564 / - isa jagaha digambara paramparA kI apekSA zvetAmbara paramparA kI eka khAsa vizeSatA 15 bhyAna meM rakhanI cAhie, jo aitihAsika mahattva kI hai| vaha yaha hai ki kisI bhI digambara prAcArya ne usa prati prAcIna bhadrabAhuka ka mAnI jAnevAlI niyukti meM nirdiSTa va varNitara daza avayavoM kA, jo vAtsyAyana kathita daza avayavoM se bhinna haiM, ullekha taka nahIM kiyA hai, jaba ki sabhI zvetAmbara tArkikoM (syAdvAdara. pR0 565 ) ne utkRSTavAda kathA meM adhikArI vizeSa ke vAste pA~ca avayavoM se Age bar3hakara niyuktigata daza avayavoM ke prayoga kA 20 bhI niyukti ke hI anusAra varNana kiyA hai| jAna par3atA hai isa taphAvata kA kAraNa digambara paramparA ke dvArA Agama Adi prAcIna sAhitya kA tyakta honA-yahI hai| eka bAta mANikyanandI ne apane sUtra meM kahI hai vaha mArke kI jAna par3atI hai| so yaha hai ki do aura pAMca avayavoM kA prayogabheda pradeza kI apekSA se samajhanA cAhiye arthAt vAdapradeza meM to do avayavoM kA prayoga niyata hai para zAstrapradeza meM adhikArI ke anusAra do 25 yA pAMca avayavoM kA prayoga vaikalpika hai| vAdideva kI eka khAsa bAta bhI smaraNa meM rakhane 1 "jiNavayaNa siddhaM ceva bhaeNae katthaI udaahrnnN| Asajja u soyAraM heU vi kahiJci gaNejjA // katthai paJcAvayava dasahA vA savvahA na paDisiddhaM / na ya puNa savvaM bhaeNaI haMdI savidhAra. makkhAyaM / " daza0 ni0 gaa046,50| 2 "te u pahanavibhattI heravibhattI vivakkhapaDiseho diluto zrAsaGkA tappaDiseho nigamaNa ca ||"dsh0ni0 gA0 137 / 3 "dazAvayavAneke naiyAyikA vAkye saJcakSate-jijJAsA saMzayaH zakyaprAptiH prayojana saMzayavyudAsa iti"-nyAyamA0 1. 1. 32 /

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 52. paM0 4yogya hai vaha yaha ki jaisA bauddha viziSTa vidvAnoM ke vAste hetu mAtra kA prayoga mAnate haiM vaise hI vAdideva bhI vidvAna adhikArI ke vAste eka hetumAtra kA prayoga bhI mAna lete haiN| aisA spaSTa svIkAra prA0 hemacandra ne nahIM kiyA hai| pR0 52. paM0 4. 'pratijJAhetU'-tulanA-"pakSahetudRSTAntA iti tryavayavam"-mAThara kA0 5 / pR0 52. paM0 11. 'yathAhuH saugatA:'-tulanA-"tasyaiva sAdhanasya yannAGga pratijJopanayanigamanAdi..."-vAdanyAya pR0 61. 'tadbhAvahetubhAvau hi dRSTAnte tadavedinaH / khyApyete viduSAM vAcyo hetureva hi kevalaH ||"-prmaannvaa0 1. 28 / a0 2. 0 1. sU0 11-15. pR0 52-mANikyanandI aura vAdI devasUri ne apane 10 apane sUtragranthoM meM parArtha anumAna kI carcA kI hai para unhoMne usake zabdAtmaka pA~ca avayavoM ke lakSaNa nahIM kiye jaba ki prA0 hemacandra ne isa jagaha akSapAda (nyAyasU0 1.1.33 se ) aura akSapAdAnusArI bhAsarvajJa ( nyAyasAra pR0 5. ) kA anusaraNa karake pAMcoM zabdAvayavoM ke lakSaNa batalAye haiN| pR0 54. paM0 3. 'asiddha' hetvAbhAsa sAmAnya ke vibhAga meM tArkikoM kI viprati15 patti hai| akSapAda? pA~ca hetvAbhAsoM ko mAnate va varNana karate haiN| kaNAda ke sUtra meM spaSTatayA tIna hetvAbhAsoM kA nirdeza hai, tathApi prazastapAda3 usa sUtra kA prAzaya batalAte hue cAra hetvAbhAsoM kA varNana karate haiN| asiddha, viruddha aura anaikAntika yaha tIna to akSapAdakathita pA~ca hetvAbhAsoM meM bhI Ate hI haiN| prazastapAda ne anabhyavasita nAmaka cauthA hetvAbhAsa batalAyA hai jo nyAyasUtra meM nahIM hai| akSapAda aura kaNAda ubhaya ke anugAmI 20. bhAsarvajJa ne chaH hetvAbhAsa varNita kiye haiM jo nyAya aura vaizeSika donoM prAcIna paramparA kA kula jor3a mAtra hai| diGnAga kartRka mAne jAnevAle nyAyapraveza meM5 prasiddha, viruddha aura anaikAntika ina tInoM kA hI saMgraha hai| uttaravartI dharmakIrti Adi sabhI bauddha tArkikoM ne bhI nyAyapraveza kI hI mAnyatA ko doharAyA aura spaSTa kiyA hai| purAne sAMkhyAcArya mAThara6 ne 1 nyaaysuu01.2.4| 2 "aprasiddho'napadezo'san sNdigdhshcaanpdeshH|"-vai0 sU0 3.1.15 / 3 "etenAsiddhaviruddhasandigdhAnadhyavasitavacanAnAm anapadezatvamuktaM bhavati |"-prsh0 pR0238 / 4 "asiddhviruddhaankaantikaandhyvsitkaalaatyyaapdissttprkrnnsmaaH|" nyAyasAra pR07| 5 "asiddhAnaikAntikaviruddhA hetvaabhaasaaH|-nyaaypr0 pr03| 6 "anye hetvAbhAsAH caturdaza asiddhAnaikAntikaviruddhAdayaH |"-maatthr 5 / .....

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pR0 54. paM0 3.] bhaassaattippnnaani| . bhI ukta tIna hI hetvAbhAsoM kA sUcana va saMgraha kiyA hai| jAna par3atA hai mUla meM sAMkhya aura kaNAda kI hetvAbhAsasaMkhyA viSayaka paramparA eka hI rahI hai| jaina paramparA vastuta: kaNAda, sAMkhya aura bauddha paramparA ke anusAra tIna hI hetvA. bhAsoM ko mAnatI hai| siddhasena aura vAdideva ne ( pramANana0 6. 47 ) asiddha Adi tInoM kA hI varNana kiyA hai| prA. hemacandra bhI usI mArga ke anugAmI haiM / A. hemacandra ne nyAya- 5 sUtrokta kAlAtIta prAdi do hetvAbhAsoM kA nirAsa kiyA hai para prazastapAda aura bhAsarvajJakathita anadhyavasita hetvAbhAsa kA nirAsa nahIM kiyA hai| jaina paramparA meM bhI isa jagaha eka matabheda hai-vaha yaha ki akalaGka aura unake anugAmI mANikyanandI Adi digambara tArkikoM ne cAra hetvAbhAsa batalAye haiM2 jinameM tIna to prasiddha Adi sAdhAraNa hI haiM para cauthA akizcitkara nAmaka hetvAbhAsa bilakula nayA hai jisakA ullekha anyatra kahIM nahIM 10 dekhA jaataa| parantu yahA~ smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki jayanta bhaTTa ne apanI nyAyamaJjarI3 meM anyathAsiddhAparaparyAya aprayojaka nAmaka eka naye hetvAbhAsa ko mAnane kA pUrvapakSa kiyA hai / jo vastuta: jayanta ke pahile kabhI se calA AtA huA jAna par3atA hai| aprayojaka aura akizcitkara ina do zabdoM meM spaSTa bheda hone para bhI prApAtataH unake artha meM ekatA kA bhAsa hotA hai| parantu jayanta ne aprayojaka kA jo artha batalAyA hai aura akiJcitkara kA jo 15 artha mANikyanandI ke anuyAyI prabhAcandra ne 4 kiyA hai unameM bilakula antara hai, isase yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki aprayojaka aura akiJcitkara kA vicAra mUla meM eka hai; phira bhI yaha prazna ho hI jAtA hai ki pUrvavartI bauddha yA jaina nyAyapranthoM meM akizcitkara kA nAmanirdeza nahIM taba akalaGka ne use sthAna kaise diyA, ataeva yaha sambhava hai ki aprayojaka yA anyathAsiddha mAnanevAle kisI pUrvavartI tArkika anya ke AdhAra para hI akalaGka ne 20 akizcitkara hetvAbhAsa kI apane DhaMga se naI sRSTi kI ho| isa akiJcitkara hetvAbhAsa kA khaNDana kevala vAdideva ke sUtra kI vyAkhyA syAdvAdara0 pR0 1230) meM dekhA jAtA hai| . Upara jo hetvAbhAsasaMkhyA viSayaka nAnA paramparAe~ dikhAI gaI haiM una saba kA mata. bheda mukhyatayA saMkhyAviSayaka hai, tattvaviSayaka nhiiN| aisA nahIM hai ki eka paramparA jise amuka .1 "asiddhasvapratIto yo yo'nyathaivopapadyate / viruddho yo'nyathApyatra yukto'naikAntikaH sa tu ||"nyaayaa0 kaa023| 2 "asiddhazcAkSuSatvAdiH shbdaanitytvsaadhne| anyathAsambhavAbhAvabhedAt sa bahudhA smRtaH // viruddhAsiddhasaMdigdhairakiJcitkaravistaraiH |"-nyaayvi0 2. 165-6 / parI0 6. 21 / 3 "anye tu anyathAsiddhatvaM nAma tadbhadamudAharanti yasya hetAdharmiNi vRttirbhavantyapi sAdhyadharmaprayuktA bhavati na, so'nyathAsiddho yathA nityA manaHparamANavo ma ghaTavaditi .......sa cAtra prayojyaprayojakabhAvo nAstItyata evAyamanyathAsiddho'prayojaka iti kthyte| kathaM punarasyAprayojakatvamavagatam ?"nyAyama0 pR0607| 4"siddhe nirNIte pramANAntarAtsAdhye pratyakSAdibAdhite ca heturna kiJcitkaroti iti akinycitkro'nrthkH|"-prmeyk0 pR0 163 A| 13

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98 pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 54508 hetvAbhAsa rUpa doSa kahatI hai agara vaha sacamuca doSa ho to use dUsarI paramparA svIkAra na karatI ho| aise sthala meM dUsarI paramparA yA to usa doSa ko apane abhipreta kisI hetvAbhAsa meM antarbhAvita kara detI hai yA pakSAbhAsa Adi anya kisI doSa meM yA apane abhipreta hetvAbhAsa ke kisI na kisI prakAra meN| B. prA. hemacandra ne hetvAbhAsa zabda ke prayoga kA anaucitya batalAte hue bhI sAdhanA. bhAsa artha meM usa zabda ke prayoga kA samarthana karane meM eka tIra se do pakSI kA vedha kiyA hai-pUrvAcAryo kI paramparA ke anusaraNa kA viveka bhI batalAyA aura unakI galatI bhI drshaaii| isI taraha kA viveka mANikyanandI ne bhI darzAyA hai| unhoMne apane pUjya akalaGka kathita akiJcitkara hevAbhAsa kA varNana to kiyA; para unheM jaba usa hetvAbhAsa ke alaga 10 svIkAra kA aucitya na dikhAI diyA taba unhoMne eka sUtra meM isa DhaGga se usakA samarthana kiyA ki samarthana bhI ho aura usake alaga svIkAra kA anaucitya bhI vyakta ho-"lakSaNa evAsI doSo vyutpanna prayogasya pakSadoSeNaiva duSTatvAtU"-parI0 6. 36 / pR0 54. paM0 8. 'pratyakSAgamabAdhita'-tulanA-"kAlAtyayApadiSTa: kaalaatiitH|"nyaaysuu0 1. 2.6 / "yatra ca pratyakSAnumAnAgamavirodha: ....''sa sarvaH pramANato viparItanirNayena 15 sandehaviziSTa kAlamatipatati seo'yaM kAlasya atyayena apadizyamAna: kAlAtIta iti / " tAtparya0 pR. 347 / nyAyasAra pR07| "hetoH prayogakAlaH pratyakSAgamAnupahatapakSaparigraha samaya eva, tamatItya prayujyamAnaH pratyakSAgamabAdhite viSaye vartamAna: kAlAtyayApadiSTo bhavati / " nyAyama* pR0 612 / a0 2. prA0 1. sU0 17-16. pR0 54. nyAyasUtra (1.2.8) meM prasiddha kA nAma 20 sAdhyasama hai| kevala nAma ke hI viSaya meM nyAyasUtra kA anya granthoM se vailakSaNya nahIM hai kintu anya viSaya meM bhii| vaha anya viSaya yaha hai ki jaba anya sabhI grantha asiddha ke kama yA adhika prakAroM kA lakSaNa udAharaNa sahita varNana karate haiM taba nyAyasUtra aura usakA bhASya aisA kucha bhI na karake kevala prasiddha kA sAmAnya svarUpa batalAte haiN| prazastapAda aura nyAyapraveza meM prasiddha ke cAra prakAroM kA spaSTa aura samAnaprAya 28 varNana hai| mAThara ( kA0 5 ) bhI usake cAra bhedoM kA nirdeza karate haiM jo sambhavata: unakI dRSTi meM ve hI rahe hoNge| nyAyabindu meM dharmakIrti ne prazastapAdAdikathita cAra prakAroM kA to varNana kiyA hI hai para unhoMne prazastapAda tathA nyAyapraveza kI taraha AzrayAsiddha kA eka udAharaNa na dekara usake do udAharaNa diye haiM aura isa taraha prasiddha ke cauthe prakAra AzrayA siddha ke bhI prabheda kara diye haiN| dharmakIrti kA varNana vastuta: prazastapAda aura nyAyapraveza30 gata prastuta varNana kA thor3A sA saMzodhana mAtra hai-nyAyabi0 3. 58-67 / 1 "ubhayAsiddho'nyatarAsiddhaH tadbhAvAsiddho'numeyAsiddhazceti |"-prshst0 pR0 238 / "ubhayAsiddho'nyatarAsiddhaH saMdigdhAsiddhaH AzrayAsiddhazceti |"-nyaaypr0 pR03|

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10 55. 027.] bhASATippaNAni / nyAyasAra (108) meM prasiddha ke caudaha prakAra sodAharaNa batalAye gaye haiM / nyAyamaJjarI ( pR0 606 ) meM bhI usI DhaGga para aneka bhedoM kI sRSTi kA varNana hai / mANikyanandI zabdaracanA badalate haiM' (parI0 6. 22-28) para vastuta: ve asiddha ke varNana meM dharmakIrtti ke hI anugAmI haiM / prabhAcandra ne parIkSAmukha kI TIkA mArtaNDa meM ( pR0 161 A ) mUla sUtra meM na pAye jAnevAle prasiddha ke aneka bhedoM ke nAma tathA udAharaNa diye haiM jo nyAyasAragata hI haiN| A0 hemacandra ke asiddhaviSayaka sUtroM kI sRSTi nyAyabindu aura parIkSAmukha kA anumaraNa karanevAlI hai / unakI udAharaNamAlA meM bhI zabdaza: nyAyasAra kA anusaraNa hai / dharmakIrtti aura mANikyanandI kA akSaraza: anusaraNa na karane ke kAraNa vAdideva ke prasiddhaviSayaka sAmAnya lakSaNa ( pramANana0 6. 46 ) meM prA0 hemacandra ke sAmAnya lakSaNa kI apekSA vizeSa pariSkRtatA jAna par3atI hai / vAdideva ke prastuta sUtroM kI vyAkhyA ratnAkarA- 10 vatArikA meM jo prasiddha ke bhedoM kI udAharaNamAlA hai vaha nyAyasAra aura nyAyamaJjarI ke udAharaNoM kA akSarazaH saGkalana mAtra hai / itanA antara avazya hai ki kucha udAharaNoM meM vastuvinyAsa vAdI devasUri kA apanA hai / pR0 55. paM0 17. sAmAnyavizeSavattvAt - tulanA - "sAmAnyavattvAt " - nyAyasAra pR0 8 / pR0 55. paM0 27. 'viparIta' - jaisA prazastapAda meM viruddha ke sAmAnya svarUpa kA 15 varNana hai vizeSa bhedoM kA nahIM, vaise hI nyAyasUtra aura usake bhASya meM bhI viruddha kA sAmAnya rUpa se varNana hai, vizeSa rUpa se nahIM / itanA sAmya hote hue bhI sabhASyanyAyasUtra aura prazastapAda meM udAharaNa evaM pratipAdana kA bheda? spaSTa hai / jAna par3atA hai nyAyasUtra kI aura prazastapAda kI viruddha viSayaka vicAraparamparA eka nahIM hai / nyAyapraveza ( pR0 5 ) meM viruddha ke cAra bheda sodAharaNa batalAye haiM 1 sambhavata: 20 mAThara ( kA0 5 ) ko bhI ve hI abhipreta haiN| nyAyabindu ( 3.83-88 ) meM viruddha ke prakAra do hI udAharaNoM meM samApta kiye gaye haiM aura tIsare "iSTavighAtakRt" nAmaka adhika bheda hone kI AzaGkA ( 3. 86 - 94 ) karake usakA samAveza abhipreta do bhedoM meM hI kara diyA gayA hai / iSTavighAtakRt nAma nyAyapraveza meM nahIM hai para usa nAma se jo udAharaNa nyAyabindu ( 3.90 ) meM diyA gayA hai vaha nyAyapraveza ( pR0 5 ) meM vartamAna hai / 1 jAna 25 par3atA hai nyAyapraveza meM jo "parArthAH cakSurAdayaH " yaha dharmmavizeSaviruddha kA udAharaNa hai usI ko koI iSTavighAtakRt nAma se vyavahRta karate hoMge jisakA nirdeza karake dharmakIrtti 1 "siddhAntamabhyupetya tadvirodhI viruddhaH / " nyAyasU0 1. 2. 6 / "yathA so'yaM vikAro vyakterapaiti nityatvapratiSedhAt zrapeto'pyasti vinAzapratiSedhAt, na nityo vikAra upapadyate ityetraM hetu:-'vyakterapetApi vikArosti' ityanena svasiddhAntena virudhyate / yadasti na tadAtmalAbhAt pracyavate, astitva cAtmalAbhAt pracyutiriti viruddhAvetau dharmai na saha sambhavata iti / so'yaM heturya siddhAntamAzritya pravartate tameva vyAhanti iti / " nyAyabhA0 1. 2. 6 / "yo hyanumeye'vidyamAno'pi tatsamAnajAtIye sarvasminnAsti tadviparIte cAsti sa viparItasAdhanAdviruddhaH yathA yasmAdviSANI tasmAdazva iti / " prazasta0 pR0 238 /

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 56. 50 6ne antarbhAva kiyA hai| jayanta ne (nyAyama0 pR0 600-601) gautamasUtra kI hI vyAkhyA karate hue dharmavizeSaviruddha aura dharmivizeSaviruddha ina do tIrthAntarIya viruddha bhede kA spaSTa khaNDana kiyA hai jo nyAyapravezavAlo paramparA kA hI khaNDana jAna par3atA hai| nyAyasAra (pR0 6) meM viruddha ke bhedoM kA varNana sabase adhika aura jaTila bhI hai| usameM sapakSa 5 ke astitvavAle cAra, nAstitvavAle cAra aise viruddha ke pATha bheda jina udAharaNoM ke sAtha haiM unhIM udAharaNoM ke sAtha vahI mATha bheda pramANanayatattvAloka kI vyAkhyA meM bhI haiM -pramANana0 6.52-53 / yadyapi parIkSAmukha kI vyAkhyA mArtaNDa meM (pR. 162 A) nyAyasAravAle ve hI ATha bheda haiM tathApi kisI kisI udAharaNa meM thor3A sA parivartana ho gayA hai| prA0 hemacandra ne to pramANanayatattvAloka kI vyAkhyA kI taraha apanI vRtti meM zabdazaH 10 nyAyasAra ke ATha bheda sodAharaNa batalAkara unameM se cAra viruddhoM ko prasiddha evaM viruddha donoM nAma se vyavahRta karane kI nyAyamaJjarI aura nyAyasAra kI dalIloM ko apanA liyA hai| pR0 56. paM0 6. 'sati sapakSe-tulanA-"viruddhabhedAstu sati sapakSa catvAro viruddhAH / pakSavipakSavyApako yathA..."-nyAyasAra pR0 6 / prameyaka* pR0 162 A | syAdvAdara0 pR0 1021 / pR0 56.0 17 'niyamasya'-anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa ke nAma ke viSaya meM mukhya do 15 paramparAe~ prAcIna haiN| pahalI gautama kI, aura dUsarI kaNAda kii| gautama apane nyAya sUtra meM jise savyabhicAra ( 1. 2. 5. ) kahate haiM usI ko kaNAda apane sUtroM ( 3. 1. 15 ) meM sandigdha kahate haiN| isa nAmabheda kI paramparA bhI kucha artha rakhatI hai aura vaha artha agale saba vyAkhyAgranthoM se spaSTa ho jAtA hai| vaha artha yaha hai ki eka paramparA anaikAntikatA ko arthAt sAdhya aura usake prabhAva ke sAtha hetu ke sAhacarya ko, savyabhicAra hetvAbhAsa 20 kA niyAmaka rUpa mAnatI hai saMzayajanakatva ko nahIM jaba dUsarI paramparA saMzayajanakatva ko to anaikAntika hetvAbhAsatA kA niyAmaka rUpa mAnatI hai sAdhya-tadabhAvasAhacarya ko nahIM / pahalI paramparA ke anusAra jo hetu sAdhya-tadabhAvasahacarita hai cAhe vaha saMzayajanaka ho yA nahIM-vahI savyabhicAra yA anaikAntika kahalAtA hai| dUsarI paramparA ke anusAra jo hetu saMzayajanaka hai-cAhe vaha sAdhya tadabhAvasahacarita ho yA nahIM-vahI anekAntika yA 25 savyabhicAra kahalAtA hai| anaikAntikatA ke isa niyAmakabhedavAlI do ukta paramparAoM ke anusAra udAharaNoM meM bhI antara par3a jAtA hai| ataeva gautama kI paramparA meM asAdhAraNa yA viruddhAvyabhicArI kA anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa meM sthAna sambhava hI nahIM kyoMki ve donoM sAdhyAbhAvasahacarita nhiiN| ukta sArthakanAmabheda vAlI donoM paramparA ke paraspara bhinna aise do dRSTikoNa prAge bhI cAlU rahe para uttaravartI sabhI tarkazAstroM meM-cAhe ve vaidika hoM, 30 bauddha hoM, yA jaina-nAma to kevala gautamIya paramparA kA anaikAntika hI jArI rahA / kaNAdIya paramparA kA sandigdha nAma vyavahAra meM nahIM rhaa| ___prazastapAda aura nyAyapraveza ina donoM kA pArvAparya abhI sunizcita nahIM ataeva yaha nizcita rUpa se kahanA kaThina hai ki amuka eka kA prabhAva dUsare para hai, tathApi nyAyapraveza

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pR0 56. paM0 17.] bhASATippaNAni / 101 aura prazastapAda ina donoM kI vicArasaraNI kA abhinnatva aura pArasparika mahattva kA bheda khAsa dhyAna dene yogya hai| nyAya praveza meM yadyapi nAma to anaikAntika hai sandigdha nahIM, phira bhI usameM anaikAntikatA kA niyAmaka rUpa prazastapAda kI taraha saMzaya janakatva ko hI mAnA hai| ataeva nyAyapravezakAra ne anekAntika ke chaH bheda batalAte hue unake sabhI udAharaNoM meM saMzayajanakatva spaSTa batalAyA hai1 / prazastapAda nyAyapraveza kI taraha saMzayajanakatva ko to / anekAntikatA kA niyAmaka rUpa mAnate haiM sahI, para ve nyAyapraveza meM anaikAntika rUpa se udAhRta kiye gaye asAdhAraNa aura viruddhAvyabhicArI ina do bhedoM ko anaikAntika yA sandigdha hetvAbhAsa meM nahIM ginate balki nyAyapravezasammata ukta donoM hetvAbhAsoM kI sandigdhatA kA yaha kaha karake khaNDana karate haiM ki asAdhAraNa aura viruddhAvyabhicArI saMzayajanaka hI nahIM / prazastapAda ke khaNDanIya bhAgavAlA koI pUrvavartI vaizeSika grantha yA nyAyapravezabhinna bauddhagrantha 10 na mile taba taka yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki zAyada prazastapAda ne nyAyapraveza kA hI khaNDana kiyA hai| jo kucha ho, yaha to nizcita hI hai ki prazastapAda ne asAdhAraNa aura viruddhAvyabhicArI ko sandigdha yA anaikAntika mAnane se inkAra kiyA hai| prazastapAda ne isa prazna kA, ki kyA taba asAdhAraNa aura viruddhAvyabhicArI koI hetvAbhAsa hI nahIM 1, javAba bhI bar3I buddhimAnI se diyA hai| prazastapAda kahate haiM ki prasAdhAraNa hetvAbhAsa hai sahI, 13 para vaha saMzayajanaka na hone se anaikAntika nahIM, kintu use anadhyavasita kahanA caahie| isI taraha ve viruddhAvyabhicArI ko saMzayajanaka na mAnakara yA to asAdhAraNarUpa anadhyavasita meM ginate haiM yA use viruddhavizeSa hI kahate ( ayaM tu viruddhabheda eva-praza0 pR. 236) haiN| kucha bhI ho, para ve kisI taraha asAdhAraNa aura viruddhAvyabhicArI ko nyAyapraveza kI taraha saMzayajanaka mAnane ko taiyAra nahIM haiM phira bhI ve una donoM ko kisI na kisI hetvAbhAsa meM 20 sanniviSTa karate hI haiN| isa carcA ke sambandha meM prazastapAda kI aura bhI do bAteM khAsa dhyAna dene yogya haiM / pahalI to yaha hai ki anadhyavasita nAmaka hetvAbhAsa kI kalpanA aura dUsarI yaha ki nyAyapravezagata viruddhAvyabhicArI ke udAharaNa se vibhinna udAharaNa ko lekara viruddhAvyabhicArI ko saMzayajanaka mAnane na mAnane kA zAstrArtha / yaha kahA nahIM jA sakatA 1 "tatra sAdhAraNa:-zabdaH prameyatvAnnitya iti / taddhi nityAnityapakSayoH saadhaarnntvaadnaikaantikm| kim ghaTavat prameyatvAdanityaH zabdaH AhosvidAkAzavatprameyatvAnnitya iti |"-ityaadi-nyaaypr0 pR03| 2 "asAdhAraNa:-zrAvaNatvAnnitya iti / taddhi nityAnityapakSAbhyAM vyAvRttatvAnityAnityavinimutatya cAnyasyAsambhavAt saMzayahetuH kimbhUtasyAsya zrAvaNatvamiti |......viruddhaavybhicaarii yathA anityaH zabdaH kRtakatvAt ghaTavat; nityazabdaH zrAvaNatvAt zabdatvavaditi / ubhayoH saMzayahetutvAt dvAvapyetAve. kA'naikAntikaH smuditaavev|" nyAyapra0pU03.4 "ekasmiMzca dvayAhatvAyathoktalakSaNayAviruddhayo: sannipAte sati saMzayadarzanAdayamanyaH sandigdha iti kecit yathA mUrtatvAmUrtatvaM prati manasaH kriyAvattvAsparzava svayoriti / nanvayamasAdhAraNa evAcAkSuSatvapratyakSatvavat saMhatayAranyatarapakSAsambhavAt tatazcAnadhyavasita iti vkssyaamH|"-prshst0 pR0238, 236 /

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102 pramANemImAMsAyA: [pR0 56. paM0 17ki kaNAdasUtra meM avidyamAna anadhyavasita pada pahile pahila prazastapAda ne hI prayukta kiyA yA usake pahile bhI isakA prayoga alaga hetvAbhAsa artha meM rhaa| nyAyapraveza meM viruddhA. vyabhicArI kA udAharaNa-"nityaH zabdaH zrAvaNatvAt zabdatvavat ; anityaH zabdaH kRtakatvAt ghaTavat" yaha hai, jaba ki prazastapAda meM udAharaNa-"mana: mUrtam kriyAvattvAt ; mana: amU5 tam asparzavattvAt" yaha hai| prazastapAda kA udAharaNa to vaizeSika prakriyA anusAra hai hI, para Azcarya kI bAta yaha hai ki bauddha nyAyapraveza kA udAharaNa khuda bauddha prakriyA ke anusAra na hokara eka taraha se vaidika prakriyA ke anusAra hI hai kyoki jaise vaizeSika Adi vaidika tArkika zabdatva ko jAtirUpa mAnate haiM vaise bauddha tArkika jAti ko nitya nahIM mAnate / astu, yaha vivAda Age bhI claa| 10 tArkikapravara dharmakIrti ne hetvAbhAsa kI prarUpaNA bauddhasammata hetutrairUpya ke1 AdhAra para kI, jo unake pUrvavartI bauddha granthoM meM abhI taka dekhane meM nahIM paaii| jAna par3atA hai prazastapAda kA anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa viSayaka bauddha mantavya kA khaNDana barAbara dharmakIrti ke dhyAna meM rhaa| unhoMne prazastapAda ko javAba dekara nyAyapraveza kA bacAva kiyaa| dharma kIrti ne vyabhicAra ko anaikAntikatA kA niyAmakarUpa nyAyasUtra kI taraha mAnA phira bhI 15 unhoMne nyAyapraveza aura prazastapAda kI taraha saMzayajanakatva ko bhI usakA niyAmaka rUpa mAna liyA / prazastapAda ne nyAyapravezasammata asAdhAraNa ko anaikAntika mAnane kA yaha kahakara ke khaNDana kiyA thA ki vaha saMzayajanaka nahIM hai| isakA javAba dharmakIrti ne asAdhAraNa kA nyAyapraveza kI apekSA judA udAharaNa racakara aura usakI saMzayajanakatA dikhAkara, diyA aura batalAyA ki asAdhAraNa anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa hI hai| itanA karake 20 hI dharmakIrti santuSTa na rahe para apane mAnya AcArya diGnAga kI paramparA ko pratiSThita banAye rakhane kA aura bhI prayatna kiyaa| prazastapAda ne viruddhAvyabhicArI ke khaNDana meM jo dalIla dI thI usako svIkAra karake bhI prazastapAda ke khaNDana ke viruddha unhoMne viruddhAvya. bhicArI kA samarthana kiyA aura vaha bhI isa DhaMga se ki diGnAga kI pratiSThA bhI banI rahe aura prazastapAda kA javAba bhI ho| aisA karate samaya dharmakIrti ne viruddhAvyabhicArI kA jo 30 udAharaNa diyA hai vaha nyAyapraveza aura prazastapAda ke udAharaNa se judA hai phira bhI vaha udAharaNa vaizeSika prakriyA ke anusAra hone se prazastapAda ko agrAhya nahIM ho sktaa| isa taraha bauddha aura vaidika tArkikoM kI isa viSaya meM yahA~ taka carcA AI 1 "tatra trayANAM rUpANAmekasyApi rUpasyAnuktau saadhnaabhaasH| utAvapyasiddhau sandehe vA prtipaadyprtipaadkyaaH| ekasya rUpasya"..... ityAdi-nyAyabi03.57 se| 2 "anayoreva dvayo rUpayoH sNdehe'naikaantikH| yathA sAtmaka jIvaccharoraM prANAdimattvAditi / ......ata evAnvayavyatirekayAH sNdehaadnaikaantikH| sAdhyetarayArato nizcayAbhAvAt / -nyAyabi0 3.68-110 / 3 "viruddhAvyabhicAryapi sNshyheturuktH| sa iha kasmAnoktaH / .... . atrodAharaNa yatsarva dezAvasthitaiH svasambandhibhiyugapadabhisambadhyate tatsarvagataM yathA'kAzama, abhisambadhyate sarvadezAbasthitaiH svasambandhi

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5 pR0 57. paM0 6.] - bhASATippaNAni / 103 jisakA anta nyAyamajarI meM huA jAna par3atA hai| jayanta phira apane pUrvIcAryoM kA pakSa lekara nyAyapraveza aura dharmakIrti ke nyAyabindu kA sAmanA karate haiN| ve asAdhAraNa aura viruddhAvyabhicArI ko anaikAntika na mAnane kA prazastapAdagata mata kA bar3e vistAra se samarthana karate haiM para sAtha hI ve saMzayajanakatva ko anekAntikatA kA niyAmaka rUpa mAnane se bhI inkAra karate haiM / bhAsarvajJa ne bauddha, vaidika tArkikoM ke prastuta vivAda kA sparza na kara anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa ke pATha udAharaNa diye haiM (nyAyasAra pR0 10), aura kahIM saMzayajanakatA kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| jAna par3atA hai vaha gautamIya paramparA kA anugAmI hai|| - jaina paramparA meM anaikAntika aura sandigdha yaha donoM hI nAma milate haiN| akalaGka (nyAyavi. 2. 166 ) sandigdha zabda kA prayoga karate haiM jaba ki siddhasena ( nyAyA0 23 ) 10 Adi anya jaina tArkika anaikAntika pada kA prayoga karate haiN| mANikyanandI kI anaikAntika nirUpaNa viSayaka sUtraracanA prA. hemacandra kI sUtraracanA kI taraha hI vastuta: nyAyabindu kI sUtraracanA kI saMkSipta praticchAyA hai| isa viSaya meM vAdideva kI sUtraracanA vaisI parimArjina nahIM jaisI mANikyanandI aura hemacandra kI hai, kyoMki vAdideva ne anaikAntika ke sAmAnya lakSaNa meM hI jo 'sandihyate' kA prayoga kiyA hai vaha z2arUrI nahIM jAna 15 pdd'taa| jo kucha ho para isa bAre meM prabhAcandra, vAdideva aura hemacandra ina tInoM kA eka hI mArga hai ki ve sabhI apane apane granthoM meM bhAsarvajJa ke pATha prakAra ke anaikAntika ko lekara apane apane lakSaNa meM samAviSTa karate haiN| prabhAcandra ke ( prameyaka0 pR0 162 B) sivAya auroM ke anthoM meM to pATha udAharaNa bhI ve hI haiM jo nyAyasAra meM haiN| prabhAcandra ne kucha udAharaNa badale haiN| 20 ___yahA~ yaha smaraNa rahe ki kisI jainAcArya ne sAdhyasaMdehajanakatva ko yA sAdhyavyabhicAra ko anekAntikatA kA niyAmaka rUpa mAnane na mAnane kI bauddha-vaizeSikagranthagata carcA ko nahIM liyA hai| pR056. paM0 21. 'ye cAnye -tulanA-"pakSatrayavyApako yathA anityaH zabdaH prmeytvaat|" nyAyasAra pR0 10 / nyAyapra0 pR0 3 / prameyaka0 pR0 162 B. syAdvAdara0 pR0 1228 / ... 25 pra0 2. prA0 1. sU0 22-27. pR0 57. parArtha anumAna prasaGga meM hetvAbhAsa kA nirUpaNa bahuta prAcIna hai| kaNAdasUtra (3.1.15) aura nyAyasUtra (1.2.4-6) meM vaha spaSTa bhiyugapat sAmAnyamiti |......dvitiiyo'pi prayogo yadupalabdhilakSaNaprAptaM sannopalabhyate na tat tatrAsti / tadyathA kvacidavidyamAno ghttH| nApalabhyate cApalabdhilakSaNaprApta sAmAnya vyktyntraalessviti| ayamanupalambhaprayogaH svabhAvazca parasparaviruddhArtha sAdhanAdekatra saMzayaM jnytH|"-nyaaybi0 3.112-121 / 1 "asAdhAraNaviruddhAvyabhicAriNau tu na saMsta eva hetvAbhAsAviti na vyAkhyAyete / ............ api ca saMzayajananamanaikAntikalakSaNamucyate cet kAmamasAdhAraNasya viruddhAvyabhicAriNo vA yathA tathA saMzayahetutAmadhiropya kathyatAmanaikAntikatA na tu saMzayajanakatva tallakSaNam...api tu pakSadvayavRttitvamanaikAntika. lakSaNam......"-nyAyama0 pR0568-566| .. .

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104 pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 57. paM0 :evaM vistRta hai| para dRSTAntAbhAsa kA nirUpaNa utanA prAcIna nahIM jAna pdd'taa| agara dRSTAntAbhAsa kA vicAra bhI hetvAbhAsa jitanA hI purAtana hotA to usakA sUcana kaNAda yA nyAyasUtra meM thor3A bahuta z2arUra pAyA jaataa| jo kucha ho itanA to nizcita hai ki hetvAbhAsa kI kalpanA ke Upara se hI pIche se kabhI dRSTAntAbhAsa, pakSAbhAsa Adi kI 5 kalpanA huI aura unakA nirUpaNa hone lgaa| yaha nirUpaNa pahile vaidika tArkiko ne zurU kiyA yA bauddha tArkikoM ne, isa viSaya meM abhI kucha bhI nizcita kahA nahIM jA sktaa| diGnAga ke mAne jAnevAle nyAyapraveza meM pAMca sAdharmya aura pAMca vaidharmya aise dasa dRSTAntAbhAsa haiM / yadyapi mukhyatayA pA~ca pA~ca aise do vibhAga usameM haiM tathApi ubhayA. siddha nAmaka dRSTAntAbhAsa ke avAntara do prakAra bhI usameM kiye gaye haiM jisase vastutaH 10 nyAyapraveza ke anusAra chaH sAdharmya dRSTAntAbhAsa aura chaH vaidharmya dRSTAntAbhAsa phalita hote haiN| prazastapAda ne bhI inhoM chaH chaH sAdharmya evaM vaidharmya dRSTAntAbhAsoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| nyAyapraveza aura prazastapAda ke nirUpaNa meM udAharaNa aura bhAva eka se hI haiM alabattA donoM ke nAmakaraNa meM antara avazya hai| prazastapAda dRSTAntAbhAsa zabda ke badale nidarzanAbhAsa zabda kA prayoga pasanda karate haiM kyoMki unakI abhimata nyAyavAkya paripATI 15 meM udAharaNa kA bodhaka nidarzana zabda AtA hai| isa sAmAnya nAma ke sivAya bhI nyAyapraveza aura prazastapAdagata vizeSa nAmoM meM mAtra paryAya bheda hai| mAThara kA0 5 bhI nidarzanAbhAsa zabda hI pasanda karate haiN| jAna par3atA hai ve prazastapAda ke anugAmI haiM / yadyapi prazastapAda ke anusAra nidarzanAbhAsa kI kula saMkhyA bAraha hI hotI haiM aura mAThara dasa saMkhyA kA ullekha karate haiN| para jAna par3atA hai ki isa saMkhyAbheda kA kAraNa-AzrayAsiddha 20 nAmaka do sAdharmya-vaidharmya dRSTAntAbhAsa kI mAThara ne vivakSA nahIM kI-yahI hai| jayanta ne ( nyAyama0 pR. 580 ) nyAyasUtra kI vyAkhyA karate hue pUrvavartI bauddhavaizeSika Adi granthagata dRSTAntAbhAsa kA nirUpaNa dekhakara nyAyasUtra meM isa nirUpaNa kI kamI kA anubhava kiyA aura unhoMne nyAyapravezavAle sabhI dRSTAntAbhAse ko lekara apanAyA evaM apane mAnya RSi kI nirUpaNa kamI ko bhAratIya TIkAkAra ziSyoM ke DhaGga se bhakta ke taura para 25 dUra kiyaa| nyAyasAra meM ( pR0 13) udAharaNAbhAsa nAma se chaH sAdharmya ke aura chaH 1 "dRSTAntAbhAsA dvividha: sAdhamryeNa vaidhamryeNa ca .....tatra sAdhayeNa...tadyathA sAdhanadharmAsiddhaH sAdhyadharmAsiddhaH ubhayadharmAsiddhaH ananvayaH viparItAnvayazceti |.....vaidhyennaapi dRSTAntAbhAsaH paJcaprakAra: tadyathA sAdhyAvyAvRttaH sAdhanAvyAvRttaH ubhayAvyAvRttaH avyatirekaH viparItavyatirekazceti... ........ / " nyAyapra0 pR05-6| 2 "anena nidarzanAbhAsA nirastA bhavanti / tadyathA nityaH zabdo'mUrtatvAt yadamUrta dRSTaM tannityam yathA paramANuryathA karma yathA sthAlI yathA tama: ambaravaditi yad dravyaM tat kriyAvad dRSTamiti ca liGgAnumeyobhayAzrayAsiddhAnanugataviparItAnugatAH saadhrmynidrshnaabhaasaaH| yadanitya tanmUrta dRSTaM yathA karma yathA paramANuryathAkAzaM yathA tamaH ghaTavat yanniSkriyaM tadadravyaM ceti liGgAnumeyobhayAvyAvRttAzrayAsiddhAvyAvRttaviparItavyAvRttA vaidharmyanidarzanAbhAsA iti |"-prshst0 pR0247|

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1057. paM0 1.] bhASATippaNAni / vaidharmya ke isa taraha bAraha prAbhAsa vahI haiM jo prazastapAda meM haiN| isake sivAya nyAyasAra .. meM anya ke nAma se cAra sAdharmya ke viSaya meM sandigdha aura cAra vaidharmya ke viSaya meM sandigdha aise mATha sandigdha udAharaNAbhAsa bhI diye haiM1 / sandigdha udAharaNAbhAsoM kI sRSTi nyAyapraveza aura prazastapAda ke bAda kI jAna par3atI hai| dharmakIrti ne sAdharmya ke nava aura vaidharmya ke nava aise aThAraha dRSTAntAbhAsa savistara varNana kiye haiN| jAna par3atA hai nyAyasAra 6 meM anya ke nAma se jo sAdharmya aura vaidharmya ke cAra cAra sandigdha udAharaNAbhAsa diye haiM una pATha sandigdha bhedoM kI kisI pUrvavartI paramparA kA saMzodhana karake dharmakIrti ne sAdharmya aura vaidharmya ke tIna-tIna hI sandigdha dRSTAntAbhAsa rakkhe / dRSTAntAbhAsoM kI saMkhyA, udAharaNa aura unake pIche ke sAmpradAyika bhAva ina saba bAtoM meM uttarottara vikAsa hotA gayA jo / dharmakIrti ke bAda bhI cAlU rhaa| 10 jaina paramparA meM jahA~ taka mAlUma hai sabase pahile dRSTAntAbhAsa ke nirUpaka siddhasena hI haiN| unhoMne bauddha paramparA ke dRSTAntAbhAsa zabda ko hI cunA na ki vaidika paramparA ke nidarzanAbhAsa aura udAharaNAbhAsa zabda ko| siddhasena ne2 apane saMkSipta kathana meM saMkhyA kA nirdeza to nahIM kiyA parantu jAna par3atA hai ki ve isa viSaya meM dharmakIrti ke samAna hI nava-nava dRSTAntAbhAsoM ko mAnanevAle hai / mANikyanandI ne to pUrvavartI 15 sabhI ke vistAra ko kama karake sAdharmya aura vaidharmya ke cAra-cAra aise kula ATha hI dRSTAntAbhAsa dikhalAye haiM aura ( parI0 6. 40-45 kucha udAharaNa bhI badalakara naye race haiN| vAdI devasUri ne to udAharaNa dene meM mANikyanandI kA anukaraNa kiyA, para bhedoM kI saMkhyA, nAma prAdi meM akSarazaH dharmakIrti kA hI anukaraNa kiyA hai| isa sthala meM vAdI devasUri ne eka bAta naI z2arUra kii| vaha yaha ki dharmakIrti ne udAharaNa dene meM jo vaidika RSi evaM jaina 20 tIrthaMkaroM kA laghutva dikhAyA thA usakA badalA vAdI devasUri ne sambhavita udAharaNoM meM tathAgata buddha kA laghutva dikhAkara pUrNa rUpa se cukaayaa| dharmakIrti ke dvArA apane pUjya puruSoM ke Upara tarkazAstra meM kI gaI coTa ko vAdideva saha na sake, aura usakA badalA tarkazAstra meM hI pratibandI rUpa se cukAyA / 1 "anye tu sNdehdvaarennaapraanssttaabudaahrnnaabhaasaanvrnnynti| sandigdhasAdhyaH.........sandigdhasAdhanaH.........sandigdheobhayaH......sandigdhAzrayaH........sandigdhasAdhyAvyAvRttaH......sandigdhasAdhanAvyAvRttaH ...sandigdheobhayAvyAvRttaH........ sandipadhAzrayaH......... "-nyAyasAra pR0 13-14 / 2 "sAdhayeNAtra dRSTAntadoSA nyaayvidiiritaaH| apalakSaNa hetUtthAH saadhyaadiviklaadyH|| vaidhayeNAtra dRSTAntadoSA nyaayvidiiritaaH| sAdhyasAdhanayugmAnAmanivRttazca saMzayAt ||"-nyaayaa0 24-25 / 3 "yathA nityaH zabdo'mUrtatvAt, karmavat paramANubad ghaTavaditi sAdhyasAdhanadharmobhayavikalAH / tathA sandigdhasAdhyadharmAdayazca, yathA rAgAdimAnayaM vacanAdrathyApuruSavat , maraNadharmo'yaM puruSo rAgAdimattvAdradhyApuruSavat, asarvazo'yaM rAgAdimatvAdrathyApuruSavat iti| ananvayo'pradarzitAnvayazca, yathA yo vakA sa rAgAdimAniSTapuruSavat, anityaH zabdaH kRtakatvAd ghaTavat iti / tathA viparItAnvayaH, yadanityaM tat kRtakamiti / sAdharyeNa / vaidhayeNApi, paramANuvat karmavadAkAzavaditi sAdhyAdyavyatirekiNaH /

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 57. paM0 - prA. hemacandra nAma to pasanda karate haiM dRSTAntAbhAsa, para use udAharaNAbhAsa ke sthAna meM kyoM pasanda kiyA isakA yuktisiddha khulAsA bhI kara dete haiM / dRSTAntAbhAsa ke nirUpaNa meM prA0 hemacandra kI dhyAna dene yogya mahattva kI tIna vizeSatAe~ haiM jo unakI pratibhA tathA sandigdhasAdhyavyatirekAdayaH, yathA'sarvajJAH kapilAdayo'nAptA vA, avidyamAnasarvajJatAptatAliGgabhUtapramANAtizayazAsanatvAditi, atra vaidhodAharaNam, yaH sarvajJaH prApto vA sa jyotirzAnAdikamupadiSTavAn, tadyatharSabhavardhamAnAdiriti, tatrAsarvazatAnAptatayAH sAdhyadharmayAH sandigdho vytirekH| sandigdhasAdhanavyatireko yathA na trayIvidA brAhmaNena grAhyavacanaH kazcitpuruSo rAgAdimattvAditi, atra vaidhamryodAharaNaM ye grAhyavacanA na te rAgAdimantaH tadyathA gautamAdayo dharmazAstrANAM praNetAra iti, gautamAdibhyA rAgAdimattvasya sAdhanadharmasya vyAvRttiH sndigdhaa| sandigdhobhayavyatireko yathA, avItarAgAH kapilAdayaH parigrahAgrahayogAditi, atra vaidhodAharaNam , yo vItarAgo na tasya parigrahAgraho yatharSabhAderiti, RSabhAderavItarAgatvaparigrahAgrahayogayoH sAdhyasAdhanadharmayoH sandigdho vytirekH| avyatireko yathA, avItarAgo vaca tvAt, vaidhodAharaNama , yatrAvItarAgatvaM nAsti na sa vaktA, yathopalakhaNDa iti, yadyapyupalakhaNDAdubhayaM vyAvRttaM yo sarvo vItarAgo na vakteti vyAptyA vytirekaasiddhrvytirekH| apradarzitavyatireko yathA, anityaH zabdaH kRtktvaadaakaashvditi| viparItavyatireko yathA, yadakRtakaM tannityaM bhavatIti |"nyaaybi0 3. 125-136 / / "tatrApauruSeyaH zabdo'mUrtatvAd duHkhavaditi sAdhyadharmavikala iti / tasyAmeva pratijJAyAM tasminneva hetau paramANuvaditi sAdhanadharmavikala iti / kalazavaditi ubhayadharma vikala iti / rAgAdimAnayaM vaktRtvAt devadattavaditi sandigdhasAdhyadharmeti / maraNadharmo'yaM rAgAdimattvAnmaitravaditi sandigdhasAdhanadharmeti / nA'yaM sarvadarzI sarAgatvAnmunivizeSavaditi sandigdhobhayadharmeti / rAgAdimAn vivakSitaH puruSo vaktRtvAdiSTapuruSavaditi annvyH| anityaH zabdaH kRtakatvAd ghaTavadityapradarzitAnvaya iti / anityaH zabdaH kRtakatvAta yadanityaM tatkRtakaM ghaTavaditi viparItAnvaya iti / vaidhyennaapi.........| teSu bhrAntamanumAnaM pramANatvAt yatpunardhAntaM na bhavati na tatpramANam, yathA svapnajJAnamityasiddhasAdhyavyatirekaH svapnajJAnAt bhrAnnatvasyAnivRtteriti / nirvikalpakaM pratyakSaM pramANatvAt, yatta savikalpakaM na tat pramANama , yathA laiGgikamityasiddhasAdhanavyatireka: lainggikaatprmaanntvsyaanivRttH| nityAnityaH zabdaH sattvAt yastu na nityAnityaH sa na san tadyathA stambha ityasiddhobhayavyatirekaH, stambhAnnityAnityatvasya cAvyAvRtteriti / asarvajJo'nApto vA kapilaH akSaNikaikAntavAditvAt, yaH sarvajJa prApto vA sakSaNikaikAntavAdI yathA sugata iti sandigdhasAdhyavyatirekaH sugate'sarvajJatAnAptatayAH sAdhyadharmayAAvRtteH sndehaaditi| anAdeyavacana: kazcidvivakSitaH puruSo rAgAdimattvAt yaH punarAdeyavacanaH sa vItarAgaH, tadyathA zauddhAdaniriti sandigdhasAdhanavyatireka zauddhodane rAgAdimattvamya nivRttaH saMzayAditi / na vItarAgaH, karpilaH karuNAspadeSvapi paramakRpayA'narpitanijapizitazakalatvAt, yastu vItarAgaH sa karuNAspadeSu paramakRpayA samarpitanijapizitazakalastadyathA tapanabandhuriti sandigdhobhayavyatireka iti tapanabandhau vItarAgatvAbhAvasya karuNAspadeSvapi paramakRpayAnarpitanjipizitazakalatvasya ca vyAvRtteH sandehAditi / na vItarAgaH kazcidvivakSitaH puruSo vaktRtvAt, yaH punarvItarAgo na sa vaktA yathopalakhaNDa ityavyatireka iti / anityaH zabdaH kRtakatvAdAkAzavadityapradarzitavyatireka iti / anityaH zabdaH kRtakatvAt yadakRtakaM tannityaM yathAkAzamiti viparItavyatireka iti"pramANana06.60-76 / . .1 "parArthAnumAnaprastAvAdudAharaNadoSA evaite dRSTAntaprabhavatvAttu dRSTAntadoSA ityucyante |"-pr0 mI0 2.1.22 /

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pR0 57. 50 6.] bhASATippaNAni / 107 kI sUcaka haiM-1-unhoMne sUtraracanA, udAharaNa Adi meM yadyapi dharmakIrti ko Adarza rakhA hai tathApi vAdideva kI taraha pUrA anukaraNa na karake dharmakIrti ke nirUpaNa meM thor3A sA buddhisiddha saMzodhana bhI kiyA hai| dharmakIrti ne ananvaya aura avyatireka aise jo do bheda dikhAye haiM unako prA0 hemacandra alaga na mAnakara kahate haiM ki bAkI ke pATha ATha bheda hI ananjaya aura madhyatireka rUpa hone se una donoM kA pArthakya anAvazyaka hai-pra0 mI 2. 1. 27 / prA0 hemacandra / kI yaha dRSTi ThIka hai| 2-prA. hemacandra ne dharmakIrti ke hI zabdoM meM apradarzitAnvaya aura prapradarzitavyatireka aise do bheda apane solaha bhedoM meM dikhAye haiM ( 2. 1. 27 ', para ina do bhedoM ke udAharaNoM meM dharmakIrti kI apekSA vicArapUrvaka saMzodhana kiyA hai| dharmakIrci ne pUrvavartI ananvaya aura avyatireka dRSTAntAbhAsa jo nyAyapraveza Adi meM rahe' unakA nirUpaNa to apradarzitAnvaya aura prapradarzita vyatireka aise naye do anvartha spaSTa nAma rakhakara kiyA aura 10 nyAyapraveza Adi ke ananvaya aura avyatireka zabda ko rakha bhI liyA tathA una nAmoM se naye udAharaNa dikhAye jo una nAmoM ke sAtha mela khA sakeM aura jo nyAyapraveza Adi meM nahIM bhI the| prA0 hemacandra ne dharmakIrti kI hI saMzodhita dRSTi kA upayoga karake pUrvavartI diGnAga, prazastapAda aura dharmakIrti taka ke sAmane kahA ki apradarzitAnvaya yA apradarzitavyatireka dRSTAntAbhAsa tabhI kahA jA sakatA hai jaba usameM pramANa prAt dRSTAnta hI na rahe, vIpsA Adi 15 padoM kA praprayoga ina doSoM kA niyAmaka hI nahIM kevala dRSTAnta kA apradarzana hI ina doSoM kA niyAmaka hai| pUrvavartI sabhI prAcArya ina do dRSTAntAbhAsoM ke udAharaNoM meM kama se kamaambaravat ghaTavat-jitanA prayoga anivArya rUpa se mAnate the| prA0 hemacandra ke anusAra aise dRSTAntabodhaka 'vat' pratyayAnta kisI zabdaprayoga kI z2arUrata hI nahIM-isI apane bhAva ko unhoMne pramANamImAMsA (2. 1. 27 sUtra kI vRtti meM nimnalikhita zabdoM se spaSTa kiyA hai-"etau ca 20 pramANasya anupadarzanAdbhavato na tu vIpsAsarvAvadhAraNapadAnAmaprayogAt, satsvapi teSu, asati pramANe tayArasiddheriti / " . 3-prA0 hemacandra kI tIsarI vizeSatA aneka dRSTiyoM se bar3e mAke kI hai| usa sAmpra.. dAyikatA ke samaya meM jaba ki dharmakIrti ne vaidika aura jaina sampradAya para prabala coTa kI aura jaba ki apane hI pUjya vAdo devasUri taka ne 'zAThya kuryAta zaThaM prati' isa nIti kA prAzraya 25 1 "ananvayo yatra vinAnvayena sAdhyasAdhanayAH sahabhAvaH pradarzyate / yathA ghaTe kRtakatvamanityatvaM ca dRssttmiti| avyatirako yatra vinA sAdhyasAdhananivRttyA tadvipakSabhAvo nidrshyte| yathA ghaTe mUrtattvamanityatvaM ca dRSTamiti "-nyAyapra0 pR0 6-7 / "nityaH zabdo'mUrtatvAt .... . ambaravaditi... ...ananugata... ... . ghaTavat....... avyAvRtta........."-prazasta0 pR0 247 / - 2 "apradarzitAnvayaH........anityazabda: kRtakatvAt ghaTavat iti / apradarzitavyatireko yathA anityaH zabdaH kRtakatvAdAkAzavaditi |"-nyaaybi03.127, 135 / 3 "ananvayo.........yathA yo vaktA sa rAgAdimAn iSTapuruSavat / avyatireko yathA avItarAgo vaktRtvAt , vaidhodAharaNam', yatrAvItarAgatva nAsti na sa vaktA yathopanakhaNDa-iti |"-nyaaybi0 3. 127, 134 /

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 56. paM0 - karake dharmakIrti kA badalA cukAyA taba prA0 hemacandra ne isa sthala meM buddhipUrvaka udAratA dikhAkara sAmpradAyika bhAva ke viSa ko kama karane kI ceSTA kii| jAna par3atA hai apane vyAkaraNa kI taraha? apane pramANagrantha ko bhI sarvapArSada--sarvasAdhAraNa banAne kI prA0 hema candra kI udAra icchA kA hI yaha pariNAma hai| dharmakIrti ke dvArA RSabha, vardhamAna prAdi 5 para kiye gaye kaTAkSa aura vAdideva ke dvArA sugata para kiye gaye pratikaTAkSa kA tarkazAstra meM kitanA anaucitya hai, usase kitanA rucibhaGga hotA hai, yaha saba socakara prA0 hemacandra ne aise udAharaNara race jinase sabakA matalaba siddha ho para kisI ko prAghAta na ho| yahA~ eka bAta aura bhI dhyAna dene yogya hai jo aitihAsika dRSTi se mahattva kI hai| dharmakIti ne apane udAharaNoM meM kapila mAdi meM asarvajJatva aura anAmatva sAdhaka jo anu. 10 mAna prayoga rakhe haiM unakA svarUpa tathA tadantargata hetu kA svarUpa vicArate hue jAna par3atA hai ki siddhasena ke sanmati jaise aura samantabhadra ke prAptamImAMsA jaise koI dUsare grantha dharmakIrti ke sAmane avazya rahe haiM jinameM jaina tArkikoM ne anya sAMkhya Adi darzanamAnya kapila prAdi kI sarvajJatA kA aura prAptatA kA nirAkaraNa kiyA hogaa| pR0. 51. paM0. 7. 'nanu ananvaya'-tulanA-nyAyavi0 3,127, 134 / 15. pra. 2. prA0 1. sU0 28-26. pR0 56. parArthAnumAna kA eka prakAra kathA bhI hai, jo pakSa-pratipakSabhAva ke sivAya kabhI zurU nahIM hotii| isa kathA se sambandha rakhanevAle aneka padArtho kA nirUpaNa karanevAlA sAhitya vizAla parimANa meM isa deza meM nirmita huA hai| yaha sAhitya mukhyatayA do paramparAoM meM vibhAjita hai-brAhmaNa-vaidika paramparA aura zramaNa vaidiketara prmpraa| vaidika paramparA meM nyAya tathA vaidyaka sampradAya kA samAveza hai| 20 zramaNa paramparA meM bauddha tathA jaina sampradAya kA samAveza hai| vaidika paramparA ke kathAsambandhI isa vakta upalabdha sAhitya meM akSapAda ke nyAyasUtra tathA caraka kA eka prakaraNa-vimAnasthAna .- mukhya evaM prAcIna haiN| nyAyabhASya, nyAyavArtika, tAtparyaTokA, nyAyamaJjarI Adi unake TIkAgrantha tathA nyAyakalikA bhI utane hI mahattva ke haiN| bauddha sampradAya ke prastuta viSayaka sAhitya meM upAyahRdaya, tarkazAstra, pramANasamuccaya, 25 nyAyamukha, nyAyabindu, vAdanyAya ityAdi prantha mukhya evaM pratiSThita haiN| 1 "sarvapArSadatvAcca zabdAnuzAsanasya sakaladarzanasamUhAtmakasyAdvAdasamAzrayaNamatiramaNIyam |"haimsh0 1.1.2 / 2 pra0 mii02.1.25|| 3 purAtattva pu0 3. aGka 3re meM merA likhA 'kathApaddhatinu svarUpa ane tenA sAhityana digdarzana' nAmaka lekha dekho|

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pR0 58. paM0 15. 1 bhASATippaNAni / 104 jaina sampradAya ke prastuta sAhitya meM nyAyAvatAra, siddhivinizcayaTokA, nyAyavinizcaya, tasvArthazlokavArtika, prameyakamalamArtaNDa pramANanayatattvAloka ityAdi grantha vizeSa mahattva ke haiN| ukta saba paramparAoM ke Upara nirdaSTa sAhitya ke prAdhAra se yahA~ kathAsambandhI katipaya padArthoM ke bAre meM kucha muddoM para likhA jAtA hai jinameM se sabase pahale dUSaNa aura dUSaNAbhAsa ko lekara vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| dUSaNa aura dUSaNAbhAsa ke nIce likhe muddoM , para yahA~ vicAra prastuta hai-1. itihAsa, 2. paryAya-samAnArthaka zabda, 3. nirUpaNaprayojana, 4. prayoga kI anumati yA virodha, 5. bheda-prabheda / 1-dUSaNa aura dUSaNAbhAsa kA zAstrIya nirUpaNa tathA kathA kA itihAsa kitanA purAnA hai yaha nizcayapUrvaka kahA nahIM jA sakatA, tathApi isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki vyavahAra meM tathA zAstra meM kathA kA svarUpa nizcita ho jAne ke bAda bahuta hI jaldI dUSaNa aura dUSaNAbhAsa 10 kA svarUpa tathA vargIkaraNa zAstrabaddha huA hogaa| dUSaNa aura dUSaNAbhAsa ke kamobeza nirUpaNa kA prAthamika yaza brAhmaNa paramparA ko hai| bauddha paramparA meM usakA nirUpaNa brAhmaNa paramparA dvArA hI dAkhila huA hai| jaina paramparA meM usa nirUpaNa kA prathama praveza sAkSAt to bauddha sAhitya ke dvArA hI huA jAna par3atA hai| paramparayA nyAya sAhitya kA bhI isa para prabhAva avazya hai| phira bhI isa bAre meM vaidyaka sAhitya kA jaina nirUpaNa para kucha bhI prabhAva 15 par3A nahIM hai jaisA ki isa viSaya ke bauddha sAhitya para kucha par3A humA jAna par3atA hai| prastuta viSayaka sAhitya kA nirmANa brAhmaNa paramparA meM I0 sa0 pUrva do yA cAra zatAbdiyoM meM kabhI prArambha humA jAna par3atA hai jaba ki bauddha paramparA meM vaha IsavI san ke bAda hI zurU huA aura jainaparampaga meM to aura bhI pIche se zurU huA hai / 'bauddha paramparA kA vaha prArambha IsavI ke bAda tIsarI zatAbdI se purAnA zAyada hI ho aura jainaparamparA kA vaha prArambha IsavI san 20 ke bAda pAMcavIM chaThI zatAbdI se purAnA zAyada hI ho 2-upAlambha, pratiSedha, dUSaNa. khaNDana, uttara ityAdi paryAya zabda haiN| inameM se upAlambha, pratiSedha Adi zabda nyAyasUtra (1 2. 1 ) meM prayukta haiM, jaba ki dUSaNa Adi zabda usake bhASya meM Ate haiN| prastutaviSayaka bauddha sAhitya meM se tarkazAstra, jo pro TuyacI dvArA pratisaMskRta hupA hai usameM khaNDana zabda kA bAra-bAra prayoga hai jaba ki diGnAga, zaGkara- 25 svAmI, dharmakIrti prAdi ne dUSaNa zabda kA hI prayoga kiyA hai| dekho-nyAyamukha kA0 16, nyAyapraveza pR0 8, nyAyabindu. 3. 138 / jaina sAhitya meM bhinna bhinna granthoM meM upAlambha, dUSaNa Adi sabhI paryAya zabda prayukta hue haiN| jAti, asaduttara, asamyak khaNDana, dUSaNAbhAsa prAdi zabda paryAyabhUta haiM jinameM se jAti zabda nyAya paramparA ke sAhitya meM pradhAnatayA prayukta dekhA jAtA hai| bauddha sAhitya meM asamyaka khaNDana tathA jAti zabda kA prayoga kucha 30 prAcIna granthoM meM hai, para diGnAga se lekara sabhI bauddhatArkikoM ke tarkagranthoM meM dUSaNAbhAsa zabda ke prayoga kA prAdhAnya ho gayA hai| jaina tarkapranthoM meM mithyottara, jAti aura dUSaNAbhAsa prAdi zabda prayukta pAye jAte haiN|

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110 pramANamImAMsAyA: [pR0 56. paM0 153- uddeza. vibhAga aura lakSaNa prAdi dvArA doSoM tathA doSAbhAsoM ke nirUpaNa kA prayojana sabhI paramparAoM meM eka hI mAnA gayA hai aura vaha yaha ki unakA yathArtha jJAna kiyA jAya jisase vAdI svayaM apane sthApanAvAkya meM una doSoM se baca jAya aura prativAdI ke dvArA udbhAvita doSAbhAsa kA doSAbhAsatva dikhAkara apane prayoga ko nirdoSa sAbita kara ske| 5 isI mukhya prayojana se prerita hokara kisI ne apane grantha meM saMkSepa se to kisI ne vistAra se, kisI ne amuka eka prakAra ke vargIkaraNa se to kisI ne dUsare prakAra ke vargIkaraNa se, unakA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| 4-ukta prayojana ke bAre meM saba kA aikamatya hone para bhI eka viziSTa prayojana ke viSaya meM matabheda avazya hai jo khAsa jJAtavya hai| vaha viziSTa prayojana hai-jAti, chala 10 Adi rUpa se asatya uttara kA bhI prayoga krnaa| nyAya (nyAyasU0 4.2.50) ho yA vaidyaka (caraka-vamAnasthAna pR. 264) donoM brAhmaNa paramparAe~ asatya uttara ke prayoga kA bhI samarthana pahale se abhI taka karatI AI haiN| bauddha paramparA ke bhI prAcIna upAyahRdaya Adi kucha grantha jAtyuttara ke prayoga kA samarthana brAhmaNa paramparA ke granthoM kI taraha hI sAfa-sAfa karate haiM, jaba ki usa paramparA ke pichale granthoM meM jAtyuttaroM kA varNana hote hue bhI unake prayoga 15 kA spaSTa va sabala niSedha hai -vAdanyAya pR070| jaina paramparA ke granthoM meM to prathama se hI lekara mithyA uttaroM ke prayoga kA sarvathA niSedha kiyA gayA hai-tatvArthazlo0 pR. 276 / unake prayoga kA samarthana kabhI nahIM kiyA gyaa| chala-jAti yukta kathA kartavya hai yA nahIM isa prazna para jaba jaba jaina tArkikoM ne jainetara tArkikoM ke sAtha carcA kI taba taba unhoMne apano eka mAtra rAya yahI prakaTa kI ki vaisI kathA kartavya nahIM, tyAjya hai| brAhmaNa, bauddha aura jaina sabhI 20 bhAratIya darzanoM kA prantima va mukhya uddeza mokSa batalAyA gayA hai aura mokSa kI siddha asatya yA mithyAjJAna se zakya hI nahIM jo jAtyuttaroM meM avazya garbhita hai| taba kevala jainadarzana ke anusAra hI kyoM, balki brAhmaNa aura bauddha darzana ke anusAra bhI jAtyuttaroM kA prayoga asaMgata hai| aisA hote hue bhI brAhmaNa aura bauddha tArkika unake prayoga kA samarthana karate haiM aura jaina tArkika nahIM karate isa antara kA bIja kyA hai, yaha prazna avazya paidA hotA hai| 25 isakA javAba jaina aura jainetara darzanoM ke adhikAriyoM kI prakRti meM hai| jaina darzana mukhyatayA tyAgipradhAna hone se usake adhikAriyoM meM mumukSu hI mukhya haiM, gRhastha nhiiN| jaba ki brAhmaNa paramparA cAturAzramika hone se usake adhikAriyoM meM gRhasthoM kA, khAsakara vidvAn brAhmaNa gRhasthoM kA, vahI darjA hai jo tyAgiyoM kA hotA hai| gArhasthya kI pradhAnatA hone ke kAraNa brAhmaNa vidvAnoM ne vyAvahArika jIvana meM satya, ahiMsA Adi niyamoM para utanA bhAra nahIM 30 diyA jitanA ki jaina tyAgiyoM ne una para diyaa| gArhasthya ke sAtha arthalAbha, jayatRSNA Adi kA, tyAgajIvana kI apekSA adhika sambandha hai| ina kAraNoM se brAhmaNa paramparA meM mokSa kA uddeza hote hue bhI chala, jAti prAdi ke prayoga kA samarthana honA sahaja thA, jaba 1 dekho siddhasenakRta vAvadvAtriMzikA, vAdASTaka; nyAyavi0 2. 214 /

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pR0 58. paM0 15.] bhASATippaNAni / - ki jaina paramparA ke lie vaisA karanA sahaja na thA / kyA karanA yaha eka bAra prakRti ke anusAra taya ho jAtA hai taba vidvAna usI kartavya kA sayuktika samarthana bhI kara lete haiM / kuzAgrIyabuddhi brAhmaNa: tArkikoM ne yahI kiyA / unhoMne kahA ki tasvanirNaya kI rakSA vAste kabhI-kabhI chala, jAti Adi kA prayoga bhI upakAraka hone se upAdeya hai, jaisA ki aGkurarakSA ke vAste sakaNTaka bAr3a kA upyog| isa dRSTi se unhoMne chala, jAti Adi ke prayoga 5 kI bhI mokSa ke sAtha saGgati btlaaii| unhoMne apane samarthana meM eka bAta spaSTa kaha dI ki chala, jAti Adi kA prayoga bhI tattvajJAna kI rakSA ke sivAya lAbha, khyAti Adi anya kisI bhautika udda eza se kartavya nahIM hai / isa taraha avasthA vizeSa meM chala, jAti Adi ke prayoga kA samarthana karake usakI mokSa ke sAtha jo saGgati brAhmaNa tArkikrAM ne dikhAI vahI bauddha tArkikoM ne akSaraza: svIkAra karake apane pakSa meM bhI lAgU kI / upAyahRdaya ke lekhaka bauddha tArkika 10 ne-- chala jAti Adi ke prayoga kI mota ke sAtha kaisI asaGgati hai - yaha AzaGkA karake usakA samAdhAna akSapAda ke hI zabdoM meM kiyA hai ki Amraphana kI rakSA Adi ke vAste kaNTakila bAr3a kI taraha saddharma kI rakSA ke lie chalAdi bhI prayogayogya haiM / vAdasambandhI padArthoM ke prathama cintana, vargIkaraNa aura saGkalana kA zreya brAhmaNa paramparA ko hai yA bauddha paramparA ko isa prazna kA sunizcita javAba chalAdi ke prayoga ke usa samAna samarthana meM se 15 mila jAtA hai| bauddha paramparA mUla se hI jaina paramparA kI taraha tyAgibhikSupradhAna rahI hai aura usane ekamAtra nirvANa tathA usake upAya para hI bhAra diyA hai| vaha apanI prakRti ke anusAra zurU meM kabhI chala Adi ke prayoga ko saGgata mAna nahIM sakatI jaisA ki brAhmaNa paramparA mAna sakatI hai / ataeva isameM sandeha nahIM rahatA ki buddha ke zAnta aura akleza dharma kI paramparA ke sthApana va pracAra meM par3a jAne ke bAda bhikSukoM ko jaba brAhmaNa vidvAnoM se 20 lohA lenA par3A tabhI unhoMne unakI vAdapaddhati kA vizeSa abhyAsa, prayoga va samarthana zurU kiyA / aura jo jo brAhmaNa kulAgata saMskRta tathA nyAya vidyA sIkhakara bauddha paramparA meM dIkSita hue ve bhI apane sAtha kuladharma kI ve hI dalIleM le Ae, jo nyAya paramparA meM thIM / unhoMne navasvIkRta bauddha paramparA meM unhIM vAdapadArthoM ke abhyAsa aura prayoga Adi kA pracAra kiyA jo nyAya yA vaidyaka Adi brAhmaNa paramparA meM prasiddha rahe / isa taraha prakRti meM 25 jaina aura bauddha paramparAe~ tulya hone para bhI brAhmaNa vidvAnoM ke prathama samparka aura saMgharSa kI pradhAnatA ke kAraNa se hI bauddha paramparA meM brAhmaNa paramparAnusArI chala Adi kA samarthana prathama kiyA gayA / agara isa bAre meM brAhmaNa paramparA para bauddha paramparA kA hI prathama prabhAva hotA to kisI na kisI ati prAcIna brAhmaNa grantha meM tathA bauddha grantha meM bauddha prakRti ke anusAra 1 "tattvAdhyavasAyasaMrakSaNArthaM jalpavitaNDe bIjaprarohasaMrakSaNArtha kaNTakazAkhAvaraNavat / " - nyAyasU0 4. 2. 50 / "yathAmraphalaparipuSTikAmena tat phala parirakSaNArtha bahiba tIkSNa kaNTakanikaravinyAsaH kriyate, zambho'pi tathaivAdhunA saddharmarakSaNecchayA na tu khyAtilAbhAya / " - upAyahRdaya pR0 4 / 111

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112 pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 56. paM0 15chalAdi ke varjana kA hI aikAntika upadeza hotaa| yadyapi bauddha tArkikoM ne zurU meM chalAdi ke samarthana ko brAhmaNa paramparA meM se apanAyA para Age jAkara unako isa samarthana kI apane dharma kI prakRti ke sAtha vizeSa asaMgati dikhAI dI, jisase unhoMne unake prayoga kA spaSTa va sayuktika niSedha hI kiyaa| parantu isa bAre meM jaina paramparA kI sthiti nirAlI 5 rhii| eka to vaha bauddha paramparA kI apekSA tyAga aura udAsInatA meM vizeSa prasiddha rahI, dUsare isake nirgrantha bhikSuka zurU meM brAhmaNa tArkikoM ke samparka va saMgharSa meM utane na pAye jitane bauddha bhikSuka, tIsare usa paramparA meM saMskRta bhASA tathA tadAzrita vidyAoM kA praveza bahuta dhIre se aura pIche se huaa| jaba yaha huA taba bhI jaina paramparA kI utkaTa tyAga kI prakRti ne usake vidvAnoM ko chala Adi ke prayoga ke samarthana se bilakula hI rokaa| yahI 10 kAraNa hai ki, saba se prAcIna aura prAthamika jaina tarka granthoM meM chalAdi ke prayoga kA spaSTa niSedha va parihAsa? mAtra hai| aisA hote hue bhI Age jAkara jaina paramparA ko jaba dUsarI paramparAoM se bAra bAra vAda meM bhir3anA par3A taba use anubhava huA ki. chala Adi ke prayoga kA aikAntika niSedha vyavahArya nhiiN| isI anubhava ke kAraNa kucha jaina tArkiko ne chala Adi ke prayoga kA ApavAdika rUpa se avasthA vizeSa meM samarthana bhI kiyA2 / isa taraha 15 anta meM bauddha aura jaina dono paramparAe~ eka yA dUsare rUpa se samAna bhUmikA para bhA gii| bauddha vidvAnoM ne pahale chalAdi ke prayoga kA samarthana karake phira usakA niSedha kiyA, jaba ki jaina vidvAna pahale prAtyantika virodha karake anta meM aMzata: usase sahamata he| yaha dhyAna meM rahe ki chalAdi ke ApavAdika prayoga kA bhI samarthana zvetAmbara tAlikoM ne kiyA hai para aisA samarthana digambara tArkikoM ke dvArA kiyA huA dekhane meM nahIM aataa| isa antara ke do 2) kAraNa mAlUma hote haiN| eka to digambara paramparA meM prautsargika tyAga aMza kA hI mukhya vidhAna hai aura dUsarA gyArahavIM zatAbdi ke bAda bhI jaisA zvetAmbara paramparA meM vividha prakRtigAmI sAhitya banA vaisA digambara paramparA meM nahIM huaa| brAhmaNa paramparA kA chalAdi ke prayoga kA samarthana tathA niSedha prathama se hI adhikArI vizeSAnusAra vaikalpika hone se usako apanI dRSTi badalane kI z2arUrata hI na huii| 26 5-anumAna prayoga ke pakSa, hetu, dRSTAnta Adi avayava haiN| unameM AnevAle vAstavika doSoM kA udghATana karanA dUSaNa hai aura una avayavoM ke nirdoSa hone para bhI unameM asat doSoM kA prAropaNa karanA dUSaNAbhAsa hai| brAhmaNa paramparA ke mAlika granthoM meM doSoM kA, khAsakara hetu doSoM kA ho varNana hai| pakSa, dRSTAnta Adi ke doSoM kA spaSTa vaisA varNana nahIM hai jaisA bauddha paramparA ke granthoM meM diGnAga se lekara varNana hai| dUSaNAbhAsa ke chala, 30 jAti rUpa se bheda tathA unake prabhedoM kA jitanA vistRta va spaSTa varNana prAcIna brAhmaNa granthoM meM 1 dekho siddhasenakRta vAdadvAtriMzikA / 2 "ayameva vidheyastat tattvajJa na tpsvinaa| dezAdyapekSayA'nyo'pi vizAya gurulAghavam ||"-ysho. vAdadvA0 shlo08|

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pR056. paM0 15.] bhASATippaNAni / hai utanA prAcIna bauddha granthoM meM nahIM hai aura pichale bauddha granthoM meM to vaha nAmazeSa mAtra ho.gayA hai| jaina tarkagranthoM meM jo dUSaNa ke bheda-prabhedoM ko varNana hai vaha mUlata: bauddha pranthAnusArI hI hai aura jo dUSaNAbhAsa kA varNana hai vaha bhI bauddha paramparA se sAkSAt sambandha rakhatA hai| isameM jo brAhmaNa paramparAnusArI varNana khaNDanIyarUpa se pAyA hai vaha khAsakara nyAyasUtra aura usake TokA, upaTIkA granthoM se prAyA hai| yaha acaraja kI bAta hai ki brAhmaNa paramparA ke vaidyaka prantha 5 meM prAnevAle dUSaNAbhAsa kA nirdeza jaina granthoM meM khaNDanIya rUpa se bhI kahIM dekhA nahIM jaataa| prA0 hemacandra ne do sUtroM meM krama se jo dUSaNa aura dUSaNAbhAsa kA lakSaNa racA hai usakA anya granthoM kI apekSA nyAyapraveza (pR08) kI. zabdaracanA ke sAtha adhika sAdRzya hai| parantu unhoMne sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM jo jAtyuttara zabda kA arthapradarzana kiyA hai vaha nyAyabindu ( 3. 140 ) kI dharmottarIya vyAkhyA se zabdaza: milatA hai| hemacandra ne dUSaNA. 10 bhAsarUpa se caubIsa jAtiyoM kA tathA tIna chaloM kA jo varNana kiyA hai vaha akSaraza: jayanta kI nyAyakalikA (pR0 16-21 ) kA avataraNamAtra hai| ... prA. hemacandra ne chala ko bhI jAti kI taraha asaduttara hone ke kAraNa jAtyuttara ho mAnA hai| jAti ho yA chala sabakA pratisamAdhAna sacce uttara se hI karane ko kahA hai, parantu pratyeka jAti kA alaga alaga uttara jaisA akSapAda ne svayaM diyA hai, vaisA unhoMne nahIM diyaa| 13 kucha granthoM ke AdhAra para jAtiviSayaka eka koSThaka nIce diyA jAtA hai vAdavidhi, pramANasamuzcaya, nyAyasUtra / upaayhRdy| nyAyamukha, trkshaastr| , sAdharmyasama vaidharmyasama utkarSasama apakarSasama varyasama avaya'sama vikalpasama sAdhyasama prAptisama aprAptisama prasaGgasama pratidRSTAntasama anutpattisama 1 milAzro-nyAyamukha, nyAyapraveza aura nyAyAvatAra / 15

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 56.50 16 nyaaysuutr| vAdavidhi, pramANasamuzcaya, nyAyamukha, trkshaastr| upAyahRdaya / kAlasama saMzayasama prakaraNasama ahetusama / arthApattisama avizeSasama upapattisama upalabdhisama anupalabdhisama 10 nityasama anityasama kAryasama kAryabheda anukti svArthaviruddha 15 bhedAbheda, praznabAhulyottarAlpatA, praznAlpatottarabAhulya, hetusama, vyApti, avyAptisama, viruddha, aviruddha, asaMzaya, zrutisama, zrutibhinna / pR0 56 paM0 16. 'sAdhanasya'-tulanA-"ye pUrva nyUnatAdayo'siddhaviruddhAnakAntikA 20 uktAsteSAmudbhAvakaM yadvacanaM tad dUSaNam"-nyAyavi0 TI0 3. 136 / . pR0 56. paM0 22. 'jAtizabda:'-tulanA-"jAtizabdaH saadRshyvcnH| uttarasahazAni jaatyuttraanniiti| uttarasthAnaprayuktatvAduttarasadRzAni jAtyuttarANi |"-nyaaybi0 TI0 3.140 / ' pR0 56 paM0 24. 'tAni ca'-tulanA-"samyagdhetau hetvAbhAse vA prayukte jhaTiti taddoSataravApratibhAse tu pratibimbanaprAyaM............" ityAdi-nyAyakalikA pR0 17-21 / 25 pR0 62. paM0 16. 'tadevamudbhAvana'-tulanA-"tadevamudbhAvanaviSayavikalpabhedena jAtInA mAnantye'pi asaGkIrNodAharaNavivakSayA caturvizitirjAtibhedAH prdrshitaaH| pratisamAdhAnantu sarvajAtInA............" ityAdi-nyAyakalikA pR0 21 / pR0 62. paM0 23. 'tatra parasya'-tulanA-"tatra parasya vadato'rthavikalpopapAdanena vacanavidhAta: chalam........." ityAdi-nyAyakalikA pR0 16 / / 30 "chalaM nAma parizaThamAbhAsamapArthakaM vAgvastumAtrameva / tad dvividhaM vAkchala sAmA nyacchalaJca / vAkchalaM nAma yathA kazcid brUyAt-navatantro'yaM bhiSag iti / bhiSagU brUyAt

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pR0 63. paM0 6.] bhASATippaNAni / nAhaM navatantraH, ekatantro'hamiti / paro brUyAt-nAhaM bravImi nava tantrANi taveti api tu navAbhyastaM hi te tantramiti / bhiSaga brUyAt-na mayA navAbhyastaM tantram, anekadhA abhyastaM mayA tntrmiti-etdvaakchlm| sAmAnyacchalaM nAma yathA vyAdhiprazamanAyauSadhamityukte paro brUyAtU-sat sat prazamanAyeti bhvaanaah| san hi rogaH sadauSadham / yadi ca sat sat prazamanAya bhavati san hi kAsa: san kssyH| satsAmAnyAt kAsaste kSayaprazamanAya bhaviSyati / iti |"-crksN0 pR0 266 / "nava iti caturvidham-navaH, nava na vaH, na va iti / yathA kazcidAha-yo mayA parihitaH sa nvkmblH| atra dUSaNaM vadet-yadbhavatA parihitaM tadekameva vastra kathaM maveti / atra prativadet-mayA nava ityuktaM tathA ca navaH kambalaH na tu naveti / atra dUSayet-kathaM navaH / navalomanirmitatvAnava ityukte prativAdI vadet - tattvato'parimitAni lomAni kathaM nava 10 lomAni ityucyte| atrAha-nava iti mayA pUrvamuktaM na tu nava sNkhyaa| atra dUSaNam-tadvastraM yuSmAkameveti jJAtaM kasmAdetana vaH kthyte| atrottaram-mayA nava ityuktaM kintu na va iti noktam / atra dUSaNam-bhavata: kAyaM kambalo vasta iti pratyakSametat / kathamucyate na va: kambalaH / ayaM hetvA. bhAsa ityucyate vAkchalaM ca / 15 aparaca vAkchalam-yathA giridahyate ityukte dUSaNam-tattvatastuNataravo dAnte kathaM girirdayata ityuktam / etadvAkchala mityucyte|| ___ api ca chalaM dvividham-pUrvavat sAmAnyaJceti / yathA saMskRtA dharmAH zUnyAH zAntA prAkAzavadityukte dUSaNam-yadyevaM ubhayorapi zUnyatvamabhAvazca, tadA niHsvabhAvA dharmA AkAzatulyA iti sAmAnyacchalam / 20 ____ kA tAvadutpattiriti / atrocyate sata utpattiriti / yathA mRdo ghaTatvavatvAd ghaTo. tpAdakatvam / yadi mRdo ghaTatvavattvaM tadA mRdeva ghaTaH syAt / tadA tadutpattaye kRtaM kumbhakAra. suutrckrsNyogen| yadi mRdaH sadbhAvena ghaTotpAdakatvam tadodakasyApi sadbhAvena ghaTotpAdakatvaM syAt / yAdakasya sadbhAvena ghaTAnutpAdakatvaM kathaM tarhi mRdo ghaTotpAdakatvam iti sAmAnyacchalam |"-upaayhRdy pR0 14-16 / / pR0 63. paM0 3. 'tadatra chalatraye -tulanA-"tadatra chalatraye'pi vRddhavyavahAraprasiddhazabdasAmarthyaparIkSaNameva pratisamAdhAnaM beditavyamiti"-nyAyakalikA pR0 16 / 26 ... pR0 63. paM0. 6 'tatvasaMrakSaNArtham-praznottara rUpa se aura khaNDana-maNDana rUpa se carcA do prakAra kI hai| khaNDana-maNDana rUpa carcA-artha meM sambhASA, kathA, vAda, Adi zabdoM kA prayoga dekhA jAtA hai| sambhASA zabda caraka Adi vaidyakIya anthoM meM prasiddha hai, 30 jaba ki kathA zabda nyAya paramparA meM prasiddha hai| vaidyaka paramparA meM sambhASA ke sandhAyasambhASA

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116 pramANamImAMsAyA: . [pR0 63. paM0 6aura vigRhyasambhASA aise do bheda kie haiM (carakasaM0 pR0 263); jaba ki nyAya paramparA ne kathA ke vAda, jalpa, vitaNDA ye tIna bheda kie haiM-nyAyavA0 pR0 146 / vaidyaka paramparA kI sandhAyasambhASA hI nyAya paramparA kI vAda kathA hai| kyoMki vaidyaka paramparA me sandhAyasambhASA ke jo aura jaise adhikArI batAe gae haiM (carakasaM0 pR0 263) ve aura vaise hI 5 adhikArI vAda kathA ke nyAya paramparA ( nyAyasU0 4. 2. 48) meM mAne gae haiN| sandhAya. sambhASA aura vAda kathA kA prayojana bhI donoM paramparAoM meM eka hii-tttvnirnny-hai| vaidyaka paramparA jisa carcA ko vigRhyasambhASA kahatI hai usI ko nyAya paramparA jalpa aura vitaNDA kathA kahatI hai| caraka ne vigRhyasambhASA aisA sAmAnya nAma rakhakara phira usI ke jalpa aura vitaNDA ye do bheda batAe haiM-pR0 265 / nyAya paramparA meM ina do bhedoM 10 ke vAste 'vigRhyasambhASA' zabda prasiddha nahIM hai, para usameM ukta donoM bheda vijigISukathA zabda se vyavahRta hote haiM-nyAyavA0 pR0 146 / ataeva vaidyaka paramparA kA 'vigRhyasambhASA' aura nyAya paramparA kA 'vijigISukathA' ye do zabda bilakula samAnArthaka haiM / nyAya paramparA meM yadyapi vigRhyasambhASA isa zabda kA khAsa vyavahAra nahIM hai, tathApi usakA pratibimbaprAya 'vigRhyakathana' zabda mUla nyAyasUtra ( 4. 2. 51 ) meM hI prayukta hai| isa zAbdika aura 15 Aki saMkSipta tulanA se isa bAta meM koI sandeha nahIM rahatA ki mUla meM nyAya aura vaidyaka - donoM paramparAe~ eka hI vicAra ke do bhinna pravAha mAtra haiN| bauddha paramparA meM khAsa taura se kathA artha meM vAda zabda ke prayoga kI pradhAnatA rahI hai| kathA ke vAda, jalpa prAdi avAntara bhedoM ke vAste usa paramparA meM prAya: sad-dharmavAda, vivAda prAdi zabda prayukta kie gae haiN| jaina paramparAmeM kathA artha meM kvacit jalpa zabda kA prayoga hai para sAmAnya rUpa se sarvatra usa 20 artha meM vAda zabda kA hI prayoga dekhA jAtA hai| jaina paramparA kathA ke jalpa aura vitaNDA do prakAroM ko prayogayogya nahIM mAnatI, ataeva usake mata se vAda zabda kA vahI artha hai jo vaidyaka paramparA meM sandhAyasambhASA zabda kA aura nyAya paramparA meM vAdakathA kA hai| bauddha tArkikoM ne bhI Age jAkara jalpa aura vitaNDA kathA ko tyAjya batalAkara kevala vAda kathA ko hI karttavya rUpa kahA hai| ataeva isa pichalI bauddha mAnyatA aura jaina paramparA ke 26 bIca vAda zabda ke artha meM koI antara nahIM rhtaa| . . vaidyakIya sandhAyasambhASA ke adhikArI ko batalAte hue caraka ne mahatva kA eka anasUyaka vizeSaNa diyA hai, jisakA artha hai ki vaha adhikArI asUyAdoSamukta ho| akSapAda ne bhI vAdakathA ke adhikAriyoM ke varNana meM 'anasUyi' vizeSaNa diyA hai| isase siddha hai ki caraka aura akSapAda donoM ke mata se vAdakathA ke adhikAriyoM meM koI antara 30 nhiiN| isI bhAva ko pichale naiyAyikoM ne vAda kA lakSaNa karate hue eka hI zabda meM vyakta kara diyA hai ki-tattvabubhutsukathA vAda hai-kezava0 tarkabhASA pR0 126 / caraka ke kathanAnusAra 1 "kiM tat jalpaM viduH ? ityAha-samavacanam |-siddhivi0 TI0 pR0 254 B /

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10 63. paM0 6. ] bhASATippaNAni / vigRhya sambhASA ke adhikArI jaya-parAjayecchu aura chalabalasampanna siddha hote haiM, nyAyaparamparA ke anusAra jalpavitaNDA ke vaise hI adhikArI mAne jAte haiM / isI bhAva ko naiyAyika 'vijigISukathA - jalpavitaNDA' isa lakSaNavAkya se vyakta karate haiM / vAda ke adhikArI tattvabubhutsu kisa kisa guNa se yukta hone cAhie~ aura ve kisa taraha apanA vAda calAveM isakA bahuta hI manohara va samAna varNana caraka tathA nyAyabhASya Adi meM hai / 117 nyAya paramparA meM jalpavitaNDA kathA karanevAle ko vijigISu mAnA hai jaisA ki caraka ne para vaisI kathA karate samaya vaha vijigISu prativAdI aura apane bIca kina kina guNa-doSoM kI tulanA kare, apane se zreSTha, kaniSTha yA barAbarIvAle prativAdo se kisa kisa prakAra kI sabhA aura kaise sabhyoM ke bIca kisa kisa prakAra kA bartAva kare, prativAdI se ATopa ke sAtha kaise bole, kabhI kaisA jhir3ake ityAdi bAtoM kA jaisA vistRta va prA~khoMdekhA varNana 10. caraka ( pR0 264 ) ne kiyA hai vaisA nyAya paramparA ke granthoM meM nahIM hai / caraka ke isa varNana se kucha milatA-julatA varNana jainAcArya siddhasena ne apanI eka vAdopaniSadvAtriMzikA meM kiyA hai, jise caraka ke varNana ke sAtha par3hanA caahie| bauddha paramparA jaba taka nyAya paramparA kI taraha jalpakathA ko bhI mAnatI rahI taba taka usake anusAra bhI vAda ke adhikArI tattvabubhusu aura jalpAdi ke adhikArI vijigISu hI phalita hote haiM, jaisA ki nyAyaparamparA 15 meN| usa prAcIna samaya kA bauddha vijigoSu, naiyAyika vijigoSu se bhinna prakAra kA sambhava nahIM, para jaba se bauddha paramparA meM chala Adi ke prayoga kA niSedha hone ke kAraNa jalpakathA nAma zeSa ho gaI aura vAdakathA hI avaziSTa rahI taba se usameM adhikAridvaividhya kA prazna hI nahIM rahA, jaisA ki jaina paramparA meM / * 5 jaina paramparA ke anusAra caturaGgavAda ke adhikArI vijigISu haiM / para nyAya-vaidyaka- 20 paramparAsammata vijigISu aura jainaparamparAsammata vijigISu ke artha meM bar3A antara hai / kyoMki nyAya-vaidyaka paramparA ke anusAra vijigoSu vahI hai jo nyAya se yA anyAya se, chala Adi kA prayoga karake bhI prativAdI ko parAsta karanA cAhe, jaba ki jainaparamparA vijigISu usI ko mAnatI hai jo apane pakSa kI siddhi karanA cAhe, para nyAya se; anyAya se chalAdi kA prayoga karake kabhI nahIM / isa dRSTi se jainaparamparAsammata vijigISu asUyAvAna hokara 25 bhI nyAyamArga se hI apanA pakSa siddha karane kA icchuka hone se qarIba qarIba nyAya- paramparAsammata tatvabubhutsu kI koTi kA ho jAtA hai| jaina paramparA ne vijaya kA artha - apane pakSa kI nyAyya siddhi - hI kiyA hai, nyAya-vaidyaka paramparA kI taraha, kisI bhI taraha se prativAdI ko mUka karanA nahIM / jaina paramparA ke prAthamika tArkika ? ne, jo vijigISu nahIM haiM aise vItarAga vyaktiyoM 30 kA bhI vAda mAnA hai / para vaha vAda caturaGga nahIM hai / kyoMki usake adhikArI bhale hI 1 1 "parArthAdhigamastatrAnudbhavadrAgagocaraH / jigISugocarazceti dvidhA zuddhadhiyo viduH // satyavAgbhiH vidhAtavyaH prathamastattatravedibhiH / yathAkathaJcidityeSa caturaGgo na sammataH || " - taccavArthazlo0 pR0 277 / 1

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [ pR0 63. paM0 12 pakSa-pratipakSa lekara pravRtta hoM para ve prasUyA mukta hone ke kAraNa kisI sabhApati yA sabhyoM ke zAsana kI apekSA nahIM rakhate / ve Apasa meM hI tattvabodha kA vinimaya yA svIkAra kara lete haiM / jaina paramparA ke vijigISu meM aura usake pUrvokta tatsvanirNinISu meM antara itanA hI hai ki vijigISu nyAyamArga se calanevAle hone para bhI aise asUyAmukta nahIM hote jisase 5 ve binA kisI ke zAsana ke kisI bAta ko svataH mAna leM, jaba ki tattvanirNinISu nyAyamArga se calanevAle hone ke alAvA tattvanirNaya ke svIkAra meM anya ke zAsana se nirapekSa hote haiM / isa prakAra caturaGgavAda ke vAdI prativAdI donoM vijigISu hone kI pUrva prathA rahI ?, isameM vAdi devasUri ne (pramANana0 8. 12-14 ) thor3A vicArabhedra prakaTa kiyA ki, ekamAtra vijigISu vAdI yA prativAdI ke hone para bhI caturaGga kathA kA sambhava hai / unhoMne yaha vicArabheda 10 sambhavataH alaGka yA vidyAnanda Adi pUrvavartI tArkikoM ke sAmane rakhA hai| isa viSaya meM AcArya hemacandra kA mAnanA akalaGka aura vidyAnanda ke anusAra hI jAna par3atA hai brAhmaNa bauddha aura jaina sabhI paramparAoM ke anusAra kathA kA mukhya prayojana tavajJAna kI prApti yA prApta tattvajJAna kI rakSA hI hai / sAdhya meM kisI kA matabheda na hone para bhI usako sAdhanapraNAlI meM antara avazya hai, jo pahile bhI batAyA jA cukA hai / saMkSepa meM 16 vaha antara itanA hI hai ki jaina aura uttaravartI bauddha tArkika chala, jAti prAdi ke prayoga ko 1 , 118 kabhI upAdeya nahIM mAnate / vAdI, prativAdI, sabhya aura sabhApati ina cAroM aGgoM ke varNana meM tInoM2 paramparAmroM meM koI matabheda nahIM hai| AcArya hemacandra ne jo cAroM aGgoM ke svarUpa kA saMkSipta nidarzana kiyA hai vaha pUrvavartI granthoM kA sAra mAtra hai / 20 yA vitaNDA nAmaka kathA vAda se bhinna koI na rahI / carcA ke dvArA siddha kiyA / isa viSaya kA sabase jisakA nirdeza siddhivinizcayaTIkA ( pR0 286 A ) meM hai / sthira kiyA ki jalpa aura vitaNDA nAmaka koI vAda se bhinna kathA hI nahIM, vaha to kathA25 bhAsa mAtra hai / isI mantavya ke anusAra AcArya hemacandra ne bhI apanI carcA meM batalAyA jaina paramparA ne jaba kalAdi ke prayoga kA niSedha hI kiyA taba usake anusAra jalpa isa tatva ko jaina tArkiko ne vistRta purAnA prantha zAyada kathAtrayabhaGga ho, unhoMne anta meM apanA mantavya kivAda se bhinna koI jalpa nAmaka kathAntara nahIM, jo grAhya ho / pR0 63. paM0 12. 'svasamaya para ' - " uktabhva - svasamaya " - nyAyapra0 vR0 pR0 14 / 1 "vAdaH so'yaM jigISateoH / " - nyAyavi0 2. 212 / "samartha vacanaM vAda : prakRtArtha pratyAyana paraM sAkSisamakSa jigISateorekatra sAdhanadUSaNavacanaM vAdaH / " - pramANasaM0 pari0 6 / "siddho jigISato vAdaH caturaGgastathA sati / " - tatvArthazleA0 pR0 277 / 2 dekhA - carakasaM0 pR0 264 / nyAyapra0 pR0 14 / tattvArthazlo0 pR0 280

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116 pR0 64. paM0 26.] bhASATippaNAni / pR0 63, paM0 21. 'nanu tattvarakSaNam'-tulanA-"nahi vAdastattvAdhyavasAyasaMrakSaNArthI bhavati jalpavitaNDayoreva tathAtvAt / taduktam-tattvAbhyavasAya... . ..."ityAdi-tattvArthazlo. pR. 278 / prameyaka0 pR0 164 BI pR063. paM0 26. 'vAdalakSaNe-tulanA-"pratiSedhe kasyacidabhyanujJAnArtha siddhAntAviruddha iti vacanam / 'siddhAntamabhyupetya tadvirodhI viruddhaH' iti hetvAbhAsasya nigrahasthAnasyAbhyanujJA 5 vaade| paJcAvayavopapanna iti 'hInamanyatamenApyavayavena nyUnam' 'hetUdAharaNAdhikamadhikam' iti caitayorabhyanujJAnArthamiti"-nyAyabhA0 1. 2. 1 / pR0 64. paM0 14. 'duHzikSita'-nyAyama0 pR0 11 / ' pR0 64. paM0 16. 'atha prabalaprativAdi'-tulanA-"yadA jAnannapi parapakSakazimAnaM svapakSe draDhimAnaM ca kvacidavasare paraprayukta sAdhane dUSaNaM sapadi na pazyati svapakSasAdhanaM ca jhagiti 10 * na smarati tadA chalAdibhirapyupakramya paramabhibhavati prAtmAnaM ca rakSati iti / .......tathApi ekAntaparAjayAdvaraM sandeha iti yuktameva tatprayogeNa sphuTATopakaraNam |............mumukssorpi kvacitprasaGge tadupayogAt / ............" ityAdi-nyAyama0 pR0 565 / __ a0 2. prA0 1. sU0 31-35. pR0 64. vAda se sambandha rakhanevAle kula kitane padArthoM kA nirUpaNa prAcArya hemacandra ne kiyA hogA athavA karanA cAhA hogA so ajJAta hai 15 tathApi upalabhya isa adhUre pramANamImAMsA grantha se itanA to avazya jAna par3atA hai ki unhoMne 'patravAkya' kA nirUpaNa prArambha kiyA jo adhUrA hI labhya hai| isameM bhI koI sandeha nahIM ki unakA abhimata patranirUpaNa digambara tArkika vidyAnanda kI patraparIkSA kA hI avalambo mukhyatayA hogaa| unhoMne patrasvarUpa ke nirUpaNa meM bauddha Adi prativAdiyoM kA mata khaNDana vidyAnanda Adi kI taraha avazya kiyA hogA, para siddhAnta unakA sambhavataH vahI hogA jo 20 vidyAnanda Adi kA hai / isa viSaya ke sAhitya meM se hamAre sAmane isa samaya labhya grantha to patraparIkSA, prameyakamalamArtaNDa (pR0 207B) hI haiN| vAdI devasUrikRta syAdvAdaratnAkara kA vAdapariccheda jisameM 'patra' ke svarUpa kA vistRta nirUpaNa honA sambhavita hai, upalabhya na hone se jainaparamparAnusArI patranirUpaNa ke jijJAsuoM ko isa samaya kevala ukta digambara tArkiko ke hI granthoM ko dekhanA caahie| 25 prA. hemacandra kA nigrahasthAnaviSayaka nirUpaNa bhAgyavaza akhaNDita milatA hai jo aitihAsika tathA tAttvika dRSTi se bar3e mahattva kA hai aura jo jaina tArkikoM kI tadviSayaka nirUpaNa paramparA meM sambhavataH antima hI hai| bhAratIya tarka sAhitya meM nigrahasthAna kI prAcIna vicAradhArA brAhmaNa paramparA kI hI hai, jo nyAya tathA vaidyaka ke granthoM meM dekhI jAtI hai| nyAya paramparA meM prakSapAda ne jo saMkSepa 30 meM vipratipatti aura apratipatti rUpa se dvividha nigrahasthAna ko batalAyAM aura vistAra se usake bAIsa bheda batalAye vahI varNana Aja taka ke saikar3oM varSoM meM aneka prakANDa naiyAyikoM ke

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120 pramANamImAMsAyAH hone para bhI nirvivAda rUpa se svIkRta rahA hai / caraka kA nigrahasthAnavarNana akSaraza: to akSapAda ke varNana jaisA nahIM hai phira bhI una donoM ke varNana kI bhitti eka hI hai| bauddha paramparA kA nigrahasthAnavarNana do prakAra kA hai| eka brAhmaNaparamparAnusArI aura dUsarA svatantra / pahilA varNana prAcIna bauddha ra tarkapranthoM meM haiM, jo lakSaNa, saMkhyA, udAharaNa Adi 5 aneka bAtoM meM bahudhA akSapAda ke aura kabhI kabhI caraka ( pR0 266 ) ke varNana se milatA 2 hai / brAhmaNa paramparA kA virodhI svatantra nigrahasthAnanirUpaNa bauddha paramparA meM sabase pahile kisane zurU kiyA yaha abhI nizcita nahIM / tathApi itanA to nizcita hI hai ki isa samaya aise svatantra nirUpaNavAlA pUrNa aura ati mahatva kA jo 'vAdanyAya' grantha hamAre sAmane maujUda hai vaha dharmakIrti kA hone se isa svatantra nirUpaNa kA zreya dharmakIrti kI avazya 1 sambhava hai isakA kucha bIjAropaNa tArkikapravara diGnAga ne bhI kiyA ho / jaina paramparA meM nigrahasthAna ke nirUpaNa kA prArambha karanevAle zAyada pAtrakesarI svAmI hoM / para unakA koI prantha abhI labhya nahIM / ataeva maujUdA sAhitya ke AdhAra se to bhaTTAraka akalaGka ko hI isakA prArambhaka kahanA hogaa| pichale sabhI jaina tArkikoM ne apane apane nigrahasthAnanirUpaNa meM bhaTTAraka akalaGka ke hI vacanare ko uddhRta kiyA hai, jo hamArI ukta sambhAvanA kA samarthaka hai / 10 15 [ pR0 64. paM0 20 pahile to bauddha paramparA ne nyAya paramparA ke hI nigrahasthAnoM ko apanAyA isalie usake sAmane koI aisI nigrahasthAnaviSayaka dUsarI virodhI paramparA na thI jisakA bauddha tArkika khaNDana karate para eka yA dUsare kAraNa se jaba bauddha tArkikoM ne nigrahasthAna kA svatantra nirUpaNa zurU kiyA taba unake sAmane nyAya paramparA vAle nigrahasthAnoM ke khaNDana kA prazna svayaM hI A khar3A huA / unhoMne isa prazna ko bar3e vistAra va bar3I sUkSmatA se sulakAyA / dharmakIrti ne vAdanyAya nAmaka eka sArA grantha isa viSaya para likha DAlA jisa para zAntarakSita ne sphuTa vyAkhyA bhI likhI / vAdanyAya meM dharmakIrti ne nigrahasthAna kA lakSaNa eka kArikA meM svatantra bhAva se bA~dhakara usa para vistRta carcA kI aura akSapAdasammata evaM vAtsyAyana tathA udyotakara ke dvArA vyAkhyAta nigrahasthAnoM ke lakSaNoM kA eka eka zabda lekara 25 vistAra se khaNDana kiyaa| isa dharmakIrti kI kRti se nigrahasthAna kI nirUpaNaparamparA spaSTatA virodhI pravAhoM meM ba~Ta gaI / karIba karIba dharmakIrtti ke samaya meM yA kucha hI Age pIche jaina tArkikoM ke sAmane bhI nigrahasthAna ke nirUpaNa kA prazna AyA |, kisI bhI 26 1 tarkazAstra pR0 33 / upAyahRdaya pR0 18 / 2 Pre. Dinnag Buddhist Logic P. XXII. 3 "zrAstAM tAvadalAbhAdirayameva hi nigrahaH / nyAyena vijigISUNAM svAbhiprAyanivarttanam ||"-- nyAyavi0 2. 213 / " kathaM tarhi vAdaparisamAptiH ? nirAkRtAvasthApita vipakSasvapakSayeAreva jayetaravyavasthA nAnyathA / taduktam - svapakSasiddhirekasya nigraho'nyasya vAdinaH nA'sAdhanAGgavacanaM nAdoSodbhAvanaM dvayoH // tathA tattvArthaM zleAke'pi (pR0 281 ) - svapakSasiddhiparyantA zAstrIyArthI vicAraNA / vastvAzrayatvatA yadvallIkikA vicAraNA / " - zraSTasa0 pR0 87 / - prameyaka0 pR0 203 A.

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pR0 64. paM0 26.] bhASATippaNAni / 121 jaina tArkika ne brAhmaNa paramparA ke nigrahasthAnoM ko apanAyA ho yA svatantra bauddha paramparA ke nigrahasthAnanirUpaNa ko apanAyA ho aisA mAlUma nahIM hotaa| ataeva jaina paramparA ke sAmane nigrahasthAna kA svatantra bhAva se nirUpaNa karane kA hI prazna rahA jisako bhaTTAraka prakalaGka ne suljhaayaa| unhoMne nigrahasthAna kA lakSaNa svatantra bhAva se hI racA aura usakI vyavasthA bA~dhI jisakA akSarazaH anusaraNa uttaravartI sabhI digambara zvetAmbara tArkikoM ne 6 kiyA hai| akalaGkakRta svatantra lakSaNa kA mAtra svIkAra kara lene se jaina tArkikoM kA kartavya pUrA ho nahIM sakatA thA jaba taka ki ve apanI pUrvavartI aura apane sAmane upasthita brAhmaNa aura bauddha donoM paramparAoM ke nigrahasthAna ke vicAra kA khaNDana na kreN| isI dRSTi se prakalaGka ke anugAmI vidyAnanda, prabhAcandra Adi ne virodhI paramparAoM ke khaNDana kA kArya vizeSa rUpa se zurU kiyaa| hama unake granthoM meM2 pAte haiM ki pahile to unheMoMne nyAya para. 10 mparA ke nigrahasthAnoM kA khaNDana kiyA aura poche bauddha paramparA ke nigrahasthAna lakSaNa kA / jahA~ taka dekhane meM pAyA hai usase mAlUma hotA hai ki dharmakIrti ke lakSaNa kA saMkSepa meM svatantra khaNDana karanevAle sarvaprathama akalaGka haiM aura vistRta khaNDana karanevAle vidyAnanda aura tadupajIvI prabhAcandra haiN| prAcArya hemacandra ne nigrahasthAnanirUpaNa ke prasaGga meM mukhyatayA tIna bAteM pA~ca sUtroM meM 15 nibaddha kI haiN| pahile do sUtra 2. 1. 31, 32 meM jaya aura parAjaya kI kramaza: vyAkhyA hai aura tIsare 2.1.33 meM nigraha kI vyavasthA hai jo akalaGkaracita hai aura jo anya sabhI digambara-zvetAmbara tArkika sammata bhI hai| cauthe 2. 1. 34 sUtra meM nyAyaparamparA ke nigrahasthAnalakSaNa kA khaNDana kiyA hai, jisakI vyAkhyA prabhAcandra ke prameyakamalamArtaNDa kA adhikAMza pratibimba mAtra hai| isake bAda antima 2. 1. 35 sUtra meM hemacandra ne dharmakIrti ke svatantra 20 nigrahasthAna lakSaNa kA khaNDana kiyA hai jo akSarazaH prabhAcandra ke prameyakamalamArtaNDa (pR0 203 A ) kI hI nakala hai| isa taraha nigrahasthAna kI tIna paramparAoM meM se nyAya va bauddhasammata do paramparAmoM kA khaNDana karake prAcArya hemacandra ne tIsarI jaina paramparA kA sthApana kiyA hai| anta meM jaya-parAjaya kI vyavasthA sambandho tInoM paramparAoM ke mantavya kA rahasya 25 saMkSepa meM likha denA jarUrI hai| jo isa prakAra hai--brAhmaNa paramparA meM chala, jAti prAdi kA prayoga kisI hada taka sammata hone ke kAraNa chala Adi ke dvArA kisI ko parAjita karane mAtra se bhI chala Adi kA prayoktA apane pakSa kI siddhi binA kie hI jayaprApta mAnA jAtA hai| arthAt brAhmaNa paramparA ke anusAra yaha niyama nahIM ki jayalAbha ke vAste pakSasiddhi karanA anivArya hI ho| 30 1 digambara paramparA meM kumAranandI prAcArya kA bhI eka vAdanyAya grantha rhaa| "kumAranandibhaTTArakairapi svavAdanyAye nigaditatvAt"-patraparIkSA pR03| 2 tattvArthazlo0 pR0 283 / prameyaka0 pR0 200 B / 16.

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122 pramAyamImAMsAyA: [pR064.50 26 . ghama dharmakIrti ne ukta brAhmaNa paramparA ke AdhAra para hI kuThArAghAta karake satyamUlaka niyama bAMdha diyA ki koI chala Adi ke prayoga se kisI ko cupa karA dene mAtra se jIta nahIM sktaa| kyoMki chala Adi kA prayoga satyamUlaka na hone se varNya hai / ataeva dharmakIrti ke kathanAnusAra yaha niyama nahIM ki kisI eka kA parAjaya hI dUsare kA avazyambhAvI jaya ho| aisA bhI sambhava hai ki prativAdI kA parAjaya mAnA jAya para vAdI kA jaya na mAnA jAya-udAharaNArtha vAdI ne duSTa sAdhana kA prayoga kiyA ho, isa para prativAdI ne sambhavita doSoM kA kathana na karake mithyAdoSoM kA kathana kiyA, tadanantara vAdI ne prativAdI ke mithyAdoSoM kA udbhAvana kiyA-aisI dazA meM prativAdI kA parAjaya avazya mAnA jaaygaa| kyoMki usane apane karttavya rUpa se yathArtha doSoM kA udbhAvana na karake 10 mithyAdoSoM kA hI kathana kiyA jise vAdI ne pakar3a liyaa| itanA hone para bhI vAdI kA jaya nahIM mAnA jAtA kyoMki vAdI ne duSTa sAdhana kA hI prayoga kiyA hai| jaba ki jaya ke vAste vAdI kA kartavya hai ki sAdhana ke yathArtha jJAna dvArA nirdoSa sAdhana kA ho prayoga kre| isa taraha dharmakIrti ne jaya-parAjaya kI brAhmaNasammata vyavasthA meM saMzodhana kiyaa| para unhoMne jo asAdhanAGgavacana tathA adoSodAvana dvArA jaya-parAjaya 15 kI vyavasthA kI isameM itanI jaTilatA aura durUhatA A gaI ki aneka prasaGgoM meM yaha saralatA se nirNaya karanA hI asambhava ho gayA ki asAdhanAGgavacana tathA adoSo. dbhAvana hai yA nhiiN| isa jaTilatA aura durUhatA se bacane evaM saralatA se nirNaya karane kI dRSTi se bhaTTAraka akalaGka ne dharmakIrttikRta jaya-parAjaya vyavasthA kA bhI saMzodhana kiyaa| prakalaGka ke saMzodhana meM dharmakIrti sammata satya kA tattva to nihita hai hI, 20 para jAna par3atA hai akalaGka kI dRSTi meM isake alAvA ahiMsA-samabhAva kA jainaprakRtisulabha bhAva bhI nihita hai| ataeva akalaGka ne kaha diyA ki kisI eka pakSa kI siddhi hI usakA jaya hai aura dUsare pakSa kI prasiddhi hI usakA parAjaya hai| prakalaGka kA yaha sunizcita mata hai ki kisI eka pakSa kI siddhi dUsare pakSa kI prasiddhi ke binA ho hI nahIM 1 "tattvarakSaNArtha sadbhipaharttavyameva chlaadi| * vijigISubhiriti cet nakhacapeTazastraprahArAdIpanAdibhirapIti vaktavyam / tasmAnna jyAyAnayaM tttvrkssnnopaayH|-vaadnyaay pR071 / 2 "sadoSavattve'pi prativAdino'jJAnAt pratipAdanAsAmarthyAdvA / na hi duSTasAdhanAbhidhAne'pi vAdinaH prativAdino'pratipAdite doSe parAjayavyavasthApanA yuktaa| tayoreva parasparasAmopaghAtApekSayA jayaparAjayavyavasthApanAt / kevalaM hetvAbhAsAdabhUtapratipattarabhAvAdapratipAdakasya jayo'pi nAstyeva |"vaadnyaay pR070| 3 "nirAkRtAvasthApitavipakSasvapakSayoreva jayetaravyavasthA naanythaa| taduktam-svapakSasiddhirekasya nigraho'nyasya vaadinH| nAsAdhanAGgavacanaM nA'doSodbhAvanaM dvayoH ||"-shrssttsh0 zraSTasa0 pR087| "tatreha tAttvike vAde'kalakaiH kathito jyH| svapakSasiddhirekasya nigraho'nyasya vaadinH|"-tttvaarthshlo0 pR0281|

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pR0 65. paM0 2.] bhASATippaNAni / 123 sktii| ataeva akalaGka ke matAnusAra yaha phalita humA ki jahA~ eka kI siddhi hogI vahA~ dUsare kI prasiddhi anivArya hai, aura jisa pakSa kI siddhi ho usI kI jaya / ataeva siddhi aura prasiddhi athavA dUsare zabdoM meM jaya aura parAjaya samavyAptika haiN| koI parAjaya jayazUnya nahIM aura koI jaya parAjayazUnya nhiiN| dharmakIrtikRta vyavasthA meM akalaGka kI sUkSma ahiMsAprakRti ne eka truTi dekha lI jAna par3atI hai| vaha yaha ki pUrvokta udAharaNa meM kartavya- 5 pAlana na karane mAtra se agara prativAdI ko parAjita samajhA jAya to duSTasAdhana ke prayoga meM samyak sAdhana ke prayoga rUpa karttavya kA pAlana na hone se vAdI bhI parAjita kyoM na samajhA jAya ? / agara dharmakIti vAdI ko parAjita nahIM mAnate to phira unheM prativAdI ko bhI parAjita nahIM mAnanA caahie| isa taraha akalaGka ne pUrvokta udAharaNa meM kevala prativAdI ko parAjita mAna lene kI vyavasthA ko ekadezIya evaM anyAyamUlaka mAnakara pUrNa samabhAva- 10 mUlaka sIdhA mArga bA~dha diyA ki apane pakSa kI siddhi karanA hI jaya hai| aura aisI siddhi meM dUsare pakSa kA nirAkaraNa avazya garbhita hai| prakalaGkopajJa yaha jaya-parAjaya vyavasthA kA mArga antima hai, kyoMki isake Upara kisI bauddhAcArya ne yA brAhmaNa vidvAnoM ne Apatti nahIM utthaaii| jaina paramparA meM jaya-parAjaya vyavasthA kA yaha eka hI mArga pracalita hai, jisakA svIkAra sabhI digambara-zvetAmbara tArkikoM ne kiyA hai aura jisake samarthana meM vidyAnanda 15 ( tattvArthazlo. pR0 281), prabhAcandra (prameyaka0 pR. 164). vAdirAja (nyAyavi0 TI0 pR0 527B) prAdi ne bar3e vistAra se pUrvakAlIna aura samakAlIna matAntaroM kA nirAsa bhI kiyA hai| prAcArya hemacandra bhI isa viSaya meM bhaTTAraka prakalaGka ke hI anugAmI haiN| __ sUtra 34 kI vRtti meM prAcArya hemacandra ne nyAyadarzanAnusArI nigrahasthAnoM kA pUrvapatarUpa se jo varNana kiyA hai vaha akSaraza: jayanta kI nyAyakalikA (pR. 21-27 ) ke anusAra hai 20 aura unhIM nigrahasthAnoM kA jo khaNDana kiyA hai vaha akSaraza: prameyakamalamArtaNDAnusArI (pR0 200 B.-203 A) hai| isI taraha dharmakIrtisammata ( vAdanya ya ) nigrahasthAnoM kA varNana aura usakA khaNDana bhI akSarazaH prameyakamalamArtaNDa ke anusAra hai| yadyapi nyAyasammata nigrahasthAnoM kA nirdeza tathA khaNDana tattvArthazlokavArttika (pR0 283 se ) meM bhI hai tathA dharmakIrtisammata nigrahasthAnoM kA varNana tathA khaMDana vAcaspati mizra ne tAtparyaTIkA (703se) 25. meM, jayanta ne nyAyamaMjarI ( pR0 646 ) aura vidyAnanda ne aSTasahasro ( pR. 81 ) meM kiyA hai, para hemacandrIya varNana aura khaNDana prameyakamalamArtaNDa se hI zabdaza: milatA hai| pR0. 65 paM0.2. 'viruddhama'-"taduktam-viruddhaM hetumudbhAvya vAdina jytiitrH| prAbhAsAntaramutpAdya pakSasiddhimapekSate ||"--tttvaarthshlo0 pR0 280 / nyAyavi. TI0 li. pR0 528 AI "prakalakopyabhyadhAt-viruddhaM hetumudbhAvya"-ratnAkarA0 8. 22 / '30

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124 - pramANamImAMsAyA: [pR0 65. paM0 25] pR0 65. paM0 25. 'atrAnanubhASaNa-tulanA-"atrAnanubhASaNamajJAnamapratibhA vikSepa: paryanuyojyopekSaNamityapratipattyA saMgRhItAni zeSANi vipratipattyA"-nyAyama0 pR. 636 / nyAyakalikA pR0 22 / isa viSaya meM nyAyabhASyakAra kA matabheda isa prakAra hai-"tatrAnanubhASaNamajJAnama5 pratibhA vikSapo matAnujJA prynuyojyopekssnnmityprtipttirnigrhsthaanm| zeSastu vipratipattiriti |"-nyaaybhaa0 1. 2. 20 / pR0 66. paM0 6. 'tadetadasaMgatam'--tulanA-"iti bhASyakAramatamasaMgatameva, sAkSAd dRSTAntahAnirUpatvAt tasyAH........." ityAdi-prameyaka pR0 200 BI pR066. paM0 15. 'tadetadapi vyAkhyAnam'-tulanA-"tadetadapyudyotakarasya jADyamA10 viSkaroti, itthameva pratijJAhAneravadhArayitumazakyatvAt......" ityAdi-prameyaka0 pR0 200 B / pR068. paM0 23. 'daza dADimAni'--tulanA--pAta0 mahA0 2. 1. 45 / . pR068. paM0 27. 'zaGkhaH kadalyAm' --tulanA-nayacakravR* pR0 106 BI pR0 72. paM0 16. 'yaccAsya vyAkhyAnam'-tulanA-"iSTamyArthasya siddhiH sAdhanam, tasya nirvatakamaGgam , tasyAvacanam-tasyAGgasyAnuccAraNaM vAdinI nigrahAdhikaraNam, tadabhyupagamyA15 pratibhayA tUSNIbhAvAt / sAdhanAGgasyAsamarthanAdvA / trividhameva hi liGgamapratyakSasya siddhara. gam-svabhAvaH kAryamanupalambhazca / tasya samarthanama-sAdhyena vyApti prasAdhya dharmiNi bhAvasAdha- ' nm-ythaa......| atra vyAptisAdhanaM viparyaye bAdhakapramANopadarzanam |"-vaadnyaay pR0 3-6 / pR073. paM0 14. 'yaccedamasAdhanAgam'-tulanA-"anvayavyatirekavacanayorvA sAdharmyavati vaidhaya'vati ca sAdhanaprayoga ekasyaivAbhidhAnena siddharbhAvAt dvitIyasyAsAmarthyamiti tasyApya20 sAdhanAGgasyAbhidhAnaM nigrahasthAnaM vyarthAbhidhAnAdeva |"-vaadnyaay pR0 65 / pR0 73. paM0 26. 'nanu na svapakSa'-tulanA-"syAnmatam-na svapakSasiddhayasiddhinibandhanau jayaparAjayau, tayorjJAnAjJAnanibandhanatvAt......" ityAdi-aSTasa0 pR. 81 / prameyaka0 pR0 204 A | pR0 74. paM0 18. 'yaccedamadoSodAvanam' tulanA-"pradoSodbhAvanam prativAdino nigrhsthaanm| vAdinA sAdhane prayukte'bhyupagatottarapakSo yatra viSaye prativAdI yadA na doSa25 mudbhAvayati tadA parAjito vaktavyaH |......athvaa yo na doSaH sAdhanasya tadbhAvepi vAdinA tadasAdhayitumiSTasyArthasya siddhevighAtAbhAvAt / tasyodbhAvanaM prativAdinA nigrahAdhikaraNaM mithyottarAbhidhAnAt......" ityAdi-vAdanyAya pR0 69-72 / . 30 pR074. paM0 27 'ayaM ca prAguktaH'-tulanA-"athavA prAguktazcaturaGgovAdaH patrAva. lambanamapyapekSate / atastallakSaNamatra......" prameyaka0 pR0 207 B_ pR0 74. paM0 26. 'zakyamityAha'-pramANamImAMsA adhUrI hone ke kAraNa 'patraparIkSA' prArambha se hI khaNDita hai| abhyAsI ise pUrNatayA vidyAnanda kI 'patraparIkSA' jo eka svatantra prakaraNa hai usase tathA prameyakamalamArtaNDagata (pR. 207 B) 'patraparIkSA' se jAna leveM /

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vRddhiptrk| pR0 1. paM0 1. 'darzana'-darzana zabda ke tIna artha sabhI paramparAmoM meM prasiddha haiM. jaiseghaTadarzana ityAdi vyavahAra meM cAtuSa jJAna artha meM, Atmadarzana ityAdi vyavahAra meM sAkSAtkAra artha meM aura nyAyadarzana, sAMkhyadarzana ityAdi vyavahAra meM khAsa khAsa paramparAsammata nizcita vicArasaraNI artha meM darzana zabda kA prayoga sarvasammata hai para usake do artha jo jainaparamparA meM prasiddha haiM ve anya paramparAoM meM prasiddha nhiiN| unameM se eka artha to hai / zraddhAna aura dUsarA artha hai sAmAnyabodha yA Alocana mAtra / jainazAstroM meM tattvazraddhA ko darzana pada se vyavahRta kiyA jAtA hai jaise-'tattvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam'-tattvArtha0 1. 2 / isI taraha vastu ke nirvizeSasattAmAtra ke bodha ko bhI darzana kahA jAtA hai jaise-'viSayaviSayisannipAtAnantarasamudabhUtasattAmAtragocaradarzanAta -pramANana0 2.7 / darzana zabda ke ukta pA~ca arthoM meM se antima sAmAnyabodharUpa artha lekara hI yahA~ vicAra prastuta hai| isake 10 sambandha meM yahA~ chaH muddoM para kucha vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| 1 astitva-jisa bodha meM vastu kA nirvizeSaNasvarUpamAtra bhAsita ho aise bodha kA astitva eka yA dUsare nAma se tIna paramparAoM ke sivAya sabhI paramparAe~ svIkAra karatI haiN| jainaparamparA jise darzana kahatI hai usI sAmAnyamAtra bodha ko nyAya-vaizeSika, sAMkhya-yoga tathA pUrvottaramImAMsaka nirvikalpaka aura pAlocanamAtra kahate haiN| bauddhaparamparA meM bhI usakA 15 nirvikalpaka nAma prasiddha hai| ukta sabhI darzana aisA mAnate haiM ki jJAnavyApAra ke utpattikrama meM sarvaprathama aise bodha kA sthAna anivAryarUpa se AtA hai jo grAhya viSaya ke sanmAtra svarUpa ko grahaNa kare para jisameM koI aMza vizeSyavizeSaNarUpa se bhAsita na ho| phira bhI2 madhya aura vallabha kI do vedAnta paramparAe~ aura tIsarI bhartRhari aura usake pUrvavartI zAbdiko kI paramparA jJAnavyApAra ke utpattikrama meM kisI bhI prakAra ke sAmAnyamAtra bodha kA astitva 20 svIkAra nahIM krtii| ukta tIna paramparAoM kA mantavya hai ki aisA bodha koI ho hI nahIM sakatA jisameM koI na koI vizeSa bhAsita na ho yA jisameM kisI bhI prakAra kA vizeSya 1darzana zabda kA Alocana artha, jisakA dUsarA nAma anAkAra upayoga bhI hai, yahA~ kahA gayA hai so zvetAmbara digambara donoM paramparA kI ati prasiddha mAnyatA ko lekr| vastutaH donoM paramparAoM meM anAkAra upayoga ke sivAya anya artha bhI darzana zabda ke dekhe jAte haiN| udAharaNArtha-liGga ke vinA hI sAkSAt honevAlA bodha anAkAra yA darzana hai aura liGga sApekSa bodha sAkAra yA jJAna hai--yaha eka mata / dUsarA mata aisA bhI hai ki vartamAnamAtragrAhI bodha-darzana aura traikAlika grAhI bodha-jJAna -tattvArtha bhA0TI02.6 / digambarIya dhavalA TIkA kA aisA bhI mata hai ki jo zrAtmamAtra kA avalokana vaha darzana aura jo bAhya artha kA prakAza vaha shaan| yaha mata bRhadvyasaMgrahaTIkA ( gA0 44) tathA laghIyatrayI kI abhayacandrakRta TIkA (1.5) meM nidiSTa hai| 3 Indian Psychology: Perception. P. 52-54

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126 pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 1. paM0 1vizeSaNasambandha bhAsita na ho| unakA kahanA hai ki prAthamikadazApanna jJAna bhI kisI na kisI vizeSa ko, cAhe vaha vizeSa sthUla hI kyoM na ho, prakAzita karatA ho hai ataeva jJAnamAtra savikalpaka haiN| nirvikalpaka kA matalaba itanA hI samajhanA cAhie ki usameM itara jJAnoM kI apekSA vizeSa kama bhAsita hote haiN| jJAnamAtra ko savikalpaka mAnanevAlI ukta 5 tIna paramparAoM meM bhI zAbdika paramparA hI prAcIna hai| sambhava hai bhartRhari kI usa paramparA ko hI madhva aura vallabha ne apanAyA ho| 2 laukikAlaukikatA-nivi kalpa kA astitva mAnanevAlI sabhI dArzanika paramparAeM laukika nirvikalpa arthAt indriyasannikarSajanya nirvikalpa ko to mAnatI haiM hI para yahA~ prazna hai alaukika nirvikalpa ke astitva kaa| jaina aura bauddha donoM paramparAeM aise bhI 10 nivi kalpaka ko mAnatI haiM jo indriyasannikarSa ke sivAya bhI yoga yA viziSTAtmazakti se utpanna hotA hai| bauddhaparamparA meM aisA alaukika nirvikalpaka yogisaMvedana ke nAma se prasiddha hai jaba ki jainaparamparA meM avadhidarzana aura kevaladarzana ke nAma se prasiddha hai| nyAya-vaizeSika, sAMkhya-yoga aura pUrvottaramImAMsaka vividha kakSAvAle yogiyoM kA tathA unake * yogajanya alaukika jJAna kA astitva svIkAra karate haiM ataeva unake matAnusAra bhI alaukika . 15 nirvikalpa kA astitva mAna lene meM kucha bAdhaka jAna nahIM pdd'taa| agara yaha dhAraNA ThIka hai to kahanA hogA ki sabhI nivi kalpakAstitvavAdI savikalpaka jJAna kI taraha nivi kalpaka jJAna ko bhI laukika-alaukikarUpa se do prakAra kA mAnate haiM / 3 viSayasvarUpa-sabhI nirvikalpakavAdI sattAmAtra ko nirvikalpa kA viSaya mAnate haiM para sattA ke svarUpa ke bAre meM sabhI ekamata nhiiN| ataeva nirvikalpaka ke grAhya viSaya 20 kA svarUpa bhI bhinna-bhinna darzana ke anusAra judA-judA hI phalita hotA hai| bauddhaparamparA ke anusAra arthakriyAkAritva hI sattva hai aura vaha bhI kSaNika vyaktimAtra meM hI paryavasita hai jaba ki zAGkara vedAnta ke anusAra akhaNDa aura sarvavyApaka brahma hI sattvasvarUpa hai, jo na dezabaddha hai na kAlabaddha / nyAya vaizeSika aura pUrva mImAMsaka ke anusAra astitva mAtra sattA hai yA jAtirUpa sattA hai jo bauddha aura vedAntasammata sattA se bhinna hai| sAMkhya-yoga aura jainapara25 mparA meM sattA na to kSaNika vyakti mAtra niyata hai, na brahmasvarUpa hai aura na jAtirUpa hai| ukta tInoM paramparAe~ pariNAminityatvavAdI hone ke kAraNa unake matAnusAra utpAda-vyayadhrauvyasvarUpa hI sattA phalita hotI hai| jo kucha ho, para itanA to nirvivAda hai ki sabhI nirvikalpakavAdI nirvikalpaka ke grAhya viSaya rUpa se sanmAtra kA hI pratipAdana karate haiN| 4 mAtra pratyakSarUpa - koI jJAna parokSarUpa bhI hotA hai aura pratyakSarUpa bhI jaise savi30 kalpaka jJAna, para nirvikalpaka jJAna to sabhI nirvikalpakavAdiyoM ke dvArA kevala pratyakSa. rUpa mAnA gayA hai| koI usakI parokSatA nahIM mAnatA, kyoMki nirvakalpaka, cAhe laukika ho yA alaukika, para usakI utpatti kisI jJAna se vyavahita na hone ke kAraNa vaha sAkSAtarUpa hone se pratyakSa hI hai| parantu jainaparamparA ke anusAra darzana kI gaNanA

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pR0 1. paM0 1.] bhASATippaNAni / 127 parokSa meM bhI kI jAnI cAhie, kyoMki tArkika paribhASA ke anusAra parokSa matijJAna ko sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kahA jAtA hai ataeva tadanusAra mati upayoga ke krama meM sarvaprathama avazya honevAle darzana nAmaka bodha ko bhI sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kahA jA sakatA hai para prAgamika prAcIna vibhAga, jisameM pAramArthika-sAMvyavahArikarUpa se pratyakSa ke bhedoM ko sthAna nahIM hai, tadanusAra to matijJAna parokSa mAtra hI mAnA jAtA hai jaisA ki tattvArtha- b sUtra ( 1. 11) meM dekhA jAtA hai| tadanusAra jainaparamparA meM indriyajanya darzana parokSarUpa hI hai pratyakSarUpa nhiiN| sArAMza yaha ki jaina paramparA meM tArkika paribhASA ke anusAra darzana pratyakSa bhI hai aura parokSa bhii| avadhi aura kevala rUpa darzana to mAtra pratyakSarUpa hI haiM jaba ki indriyajanya darzana parokSarUpa hone para bhI sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa mAnA jAtA hai| parantu Agamika paripATI ke anusAra indriyajanya darzana kevala parokSa hI hai aura indriyanirapekSa 10 avadhyAdi darzana kevala pratyakSa hI haiN| 5 utpAdaka sAmagrI-laukika nirvikalpaka jo jaina tArkika paramparA ke anusAra sAMvyavahArika darzana hai usakI utpAdaka sAmagrI meM viSayendriyasannipAta aura yathAsambhava pAlokAdi sagniviSTa haiN| para alaukika nirvikalpa jo jainaparamparA ke anusAra pAramA. rthika darzana hai usakI utpatti indriyasannikarSa ke sivAya hI kevala viziSTa Atmazakti se 15 mAnI gaI hai| utpAdaka sAmagrI ke viSaya meM jaina aura jainetara paramparAe~ koI matabheda nahIM rkhtiiN| phira bhI isa viSaya meM zAGkara vedAnta kA mantavya judA hai jo dhyAna dene yogya hai| vaha mAnatA hai ki 'tattvamasi' ityAdi mahAvAkyajanya akhaNDa brahmabodha bhI nirvikalpaka hai| isake anusAra nirvikalpaka kA utpAdaka zabda Adi bhI huA jo anya paramparAsammata nhiiN| 6 prAmANya-nirvikalpa ke prAmANya ke sambandha meM jainetara paramparAe~ bhI ekamata nhiiN| bauddha aura vedAnta darzana to nivi kalpaka ko hI pramANa mAnate haiM itanA hI nahIM balki unake matAnusAra nirvikalpaka hI mukhya va pAramArthika pramANa hai| nyAya-vaizeSika darzana meM nirvikalpaka ke pramAtva sambandha meM ekavidha kalpanA nahIM hai| prAcIna paramparA ke anusAra nirvikalpaka pramArUpa mAnA jAtA hai jaisA ki zrIdhara ne spaSTa kiyA hai ( kandalI pR. 25 198 ) aura vizvanAtha ne bhI bhramabhinnatvarUpa pramAtva mAnakara nirvikalpaka ko pramA kahA hai (kArikAvalI kA0134) parantu gaGgaza kI navya paramparA ke anusAra nirvikalpaka na pramA hai aura na aprmaa| tadanusAra pramAtva kivA apramAtva prakAratAdighaTita hone se, nirvikalpa jo prakAratAdizUnya hai vaha pramA-apramA ubhaya vilakSaNa hai-kArikAvalI kA0 135 / pUrvamImAMsaka aura sAMkhya-yogadarzana sAmAnyata: aise viSayoM meM nyAya-vaizeSikAnusArI hone se unake 30 matAnusAra bhI nirvikalpaka ke pramAtva kI ve hI kalpanAe~ mAnI jAnI cAhie jo nyAyavaizeSika paramparA meM sthira huI haiN| isa sambandha meM jaina paramparA kA mantavya yahA~ vizeSa rUpa se varNana karane yogya hai| 20

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128 pramANamImAMsAyA: [pR0 1. paM0 1jainaparamparA meM pramAtva kivA prAmANya kA prazna usameM tarkayuga pAne ke bAda kA hai, pahile kA nhiiN| pahile to usameM mAtra Agamika dRSTi thii| Agamika dRSTi ke anusAra darzanopayoga ko pramANa kivA apramANa kahane kA prazna hI na thaa| usa dRSTi ke anusAra darzana ho yA jJAna, yA to vaha samyaka ho sakatA hai yA mithyaa| usakA samyaktva aura mithyAtva 5 bhI AdhyAtmika bhAvAnusArI hI mAnA jAtA thaa| agara koI prAtmA kama se kama caturtha guNasthAna kA adhikArI ho arthAt vaha samyaktvaprApta ho to usakA sAmAnya yA vizeSa koI bhI upayoga mokSamArgarUpa tathA samyagrUpa mAnA jAtA hai| tadanusAra Agamika dRSTi se samyaktvayukta prAtmA kA darzanopayoga samyakdarzana hai aura mithyAdRSTiyukta prAtmA kA darzanopayoga mithyAdarzana hai| vyavahAra meM mithyA, bhrama yA vyabhicArI samajhA jAnevAlA bhI 10 darzana agara samyaktvadhAri-prAtmagata hai to vaha samyagdarzana hI hai jaba ki satya, abhrama aura prabAdhita samajhA jAnevAlA bhI darzanopayoga agara mithyAdRSTiyukta hai to vaha mithyAdarzana hI hai / darzana ke samyaktva tathA mithyAtva kA Agamika dRSTi se jo prApekSika varNana Upara kiyA gayA hai vaha sanmatiTokAkAra abhayadeva ne darzana ko bhI pramANa kahA hai isa AdhAra para samajhanA caahie| tathA upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne saMzaya Adi jJAnoM ko bhI samyaka dRSTi. ] yukta hone para samyak kahA hai isa AdhAra para samajhanA caahie| Agamika prAcIna aura zvetAmbara-digambara ubhaya sAdhAraNa paramparA to aisA nahIM mAnatI, kyoMki donoM parAmparAoM ke anusAra cakSu, acakSu, aura avadhi tInoM darzana darzana hI mAne gaye haiN| unameM se na koI samyak yA na koI mithyA aura na koI samyamithyA ubhayavidha mAnA gayA hai jaisA ki mati-zru ta-avadhi jJAna samyak aura mithyA rUpa se vibhAjita haiN| isase yahI phalita hotA 20 hai ki darzana upayoga mAtra nirAkAra hone se usameM samyagdRSTi kiMvA mithyAdRSTiprayukta antara kI kalpanA kI nahIM jA sakatI / darzana cAhe cakSu ho, acakSu ho yA avadhi-vaha darzana mAtra hai use na samyagdarzana kahanA cAhie aura na mithyaadrshn| yahI kAraNa hai ki pahile guNa sthAna meM bhI ve darzana hI mAne gae haiM jaisA ki cauthe guNasthAna meN| yaha vastu gandhahasti siddhasena ne sUcita bhI kI hai-"atra ca yathA sAkArAddhAyAM samyaGa mithyAdRSTayorvizeSaH, 25 naivamasti darzane, anAkAratve dvayorapi tulyatvAdityartha:"-tattvArthabhA0 TI 2. 6 / ___ yaha huI Agamika dRSTi kI bAta jisake anusAra umAsvAti ne upayoga meM. samyaktva-asamyaktva kA nidarzana kiyA hai| para jainaparamparA meM tarkayuga dAkhila hote hI pramAtva-apramAtva yA prAmANya aprAmANya kA prazna paayaa| aura usakA vicAra bhI prAdhyAtmika bhAvAnusArI na hokara viSayAnusArI kiyA jAne lagA jaisA ki jainetara darzanoM meM tArkika 30 vidvAn kara rahe the| isa tArkikadRSTi ke anusAra jainaparamparA darzana ko pramANa mAnatI hai, apramANa mAnatI hai, ubhayarUpa mAnatI hai yA ubhayabhinna mAnatI hai ? yaha prazna yahA~ prastuta hai| 1-"samyagdRSTisambandhinAM saMzayAdInAmapi jJAnatvasya mahAbhASyakRtA paribhASitatvAt'-zAna- , bindu pR0 136 B. nandI sU0 41

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50 1.0 1.] bhASATippaNAni / 126 -: tArkikadRSTi ke anusAra bhI jainaparamparA meM darzana ke pramAva yA apramAtva ke bAre meM koI ekavAkyatA nhiiN| sAmAnyarUpa se zvetAmbara ho yA digambara sabhI tArkika darzana ko pramANa koTi se bAhara hI rakhate haiN| kyoMki ve sabhI bauddhasammata nirvikalpaka ke pramAtva kA khaNDana karate haiM aura apane apane pramANa lakSaNa meM vizeSopayogabodhaka jJAna, nirNaya prAdi pada dAkhila karake sAmAnya upayoga darzana ko pramANa lakSaNa kA alakSya. hI mAnate haiM / isa 5 taraha darzana ko pramANa na mAnane kI tArkika paramparA zvetAmbara-digambara sabhI granthoM meM sAdhAraNa hai / mANikyanandI aura vAdI devasUri ne to darzana ko na kevala pramANabAhya hI rakkhA hai balki use pramANAbhAsa (parI06.2 / pramANana0 6. 24,25) bhI kahA hai| . __ sanmatiTIkAkAra abhayadeva ne ( sanmatiTI0 pR0 457 ) darzana ko pramANa kahA hai para vaha kathana tArkikadRSTi se na samajhanA caahie| kyoMki unhoMne AgamAnusArI sanmati 10 kI vyAkhyA karate samaya prAgamadRSTi hI lakSya meM rakhakara darzana ko samyagdarzana artha meM pramANa kahA hai, na ki tArkikadRSTi se viSayAnusArI prmaann| yaha viveka unake usa sandarbha se ho jAtA hai| .. alabattA upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ke darzana sambandhI prAmANya-aprAmANya vicAra meM kucha virodha sAjAna par3atA hai| eka ora ve darzana ko vyajanAvagraha-anantarabhAvI naizcayika 15 pravAharUpa batalAte haiM2 jo mativyApAra hone ke kAraNa pramANa koTi meM pA sakatA hai| aura dUsarI ora ve vAdideva ke pramANa lakSaNavAle sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM jJAnapada kA prayojana batalAte hue darzana ko pramANakoTi se bahirbhUta batalAte haiM-tarkabhASA pR0 1 / isa taraha unake kathana meM jahA~ eka ora darzana bilakula pramANabahibhUta hai vahA~ dUsarI ora avagraha rUpa hone se pramANakoTi meM prAne yogya bhI hai| parantu jAna par3atA hai unakA tAtparya kucha 20 . aura hai| aura sambhavata: vaha tAtparya yaha hai ki matyaMza hone para bhI naizcayika avapraha pravRtti-nivRttivyavahArakSama na hone ke kAraNa pramANarUpa ginA hI na jAnA caahie| isI abhiprAya se unhoMne darzana ko pramANakoTibahibhUta batalAyA hai aisA mAna lene se phira koI virodha nahIM rhtaa| prAcArya hemacandra ne vRtti meM darzana se sambandha rakhanevAle vicAra tIna jagaha prasaGgakza 25 pragaTa kie haiM / avagraha kA svarUpa darzAte hue unhoMne kahA hai ki darzana jo avikalpaka hai.. vaha pravAha nahIM, pravAha kA pariNAmI kAraNa avazya hai aura vaha indriyArthasambandha ke bAda para pravAha ke pUrva utpanna hotA hai-1. 1. 26 / bauddhasammata nirvikalpaka jJAna ko apramANa bavalAte hue unhoMne kahA hai ki vaha anadhyavasAya rUpa hone se pramANa nahIM, adhyavasAya yA nirNaya hI pramANa ginA jAnA cAhie-1. 1:6 / unhoMne nirNaya kA artha batalAte hue 30 kahA hai ki anabhyavasAya se bhinna tathA avikalpaka evaM saMzaya se bhinna jJAna hI nirNaya hai - bhamAena01.2 . 1 laghI0 parI0 1.3 / prameyaka0 pR08| pramANana0 1.2 ::. 2 tarkabhASA pR05|... zAnabindu pR0 138 / / 17. ..........

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130 pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 3.50 14pR03.601 / prAcArya ke ukta sabhI kathanoM se phalita yahI hotA hai ki.ve jainaparamparA prasiddha darzana aura bauddhaparamparA prasiddha nirvikalpaka ko eka hI mAnate haiM aura darzana ko anirNaya rUpa hone se pramANa nahIM mAnate tathA unakA yaha apramANatva kathana bhI tArkika dRSTi se hai, prAgama dRSTi se nahIM, jaisA ki abhayadeva bhinna sabhI jaina tArkika mAnate pAe haiN| prA0 hemacandrokta avagraha kA pariNAmikAraNarUpa darzana hI upAdhyAyajI kA naizcayika pravagraha samajhanA caahie| B pR0 3. paM0 14. 'svanirNaya'-dArzanika kSetra meM jJAna svaprakAza hai, paraprakAza hai yA sva-paraprakAza hai, ina praznoM kI bahuta lambI aura vividhakalpanApUrNa carcA hai| isa viSaya meM kisakA kyA pakSa hai isakA varNana karane ke pahile kucha sAmAnya bAteM jAna lenI jarUrI haiM 10 jisase svaprakAzatva-paraprakAzatva kA bhAva ThIka ThIka samajhA jA ske| 1-jJAna kA svabhAva pratyakSa yogya hai| aisA siddhAnta kucha loga mAnate haiM jaba ki dUsare koI isase bilakula viparIta mAnate haiN| ve kahate haiM ki jJAna kA svabhAva parokSa hI hai pratyakSa nhiiN| isa prakAra pratyakSa-parokSarUpa se jJAna ke svabhAvabheda kI kalpanA hI svaprakAzatva-paraprakAzatva kI carcA kA mUlAdhAra hai| 2-svaprakAza zabda kA artha hai svapratyakSa arthAt apane Apa hI jJAna kA pratyakSarUpa se bhAsita honaa| parantu paraprakAza zabda ke do artha haiM jinameM se pahilA to parapratyakSa arthAt eka jJAna kA anya jJAnavyakti meM pratyakSarUpa se bhAsita honA, dUsarA artha hai parAnumeya arthAt eka jJAna kA anya jJAna meM anumeyarUpatayA bhAsita honaa| 3-svapratyakSa kA yaha artha nahIM ki koI jJAna svapratyakSa hai ata eva usakA anumAna 20 Adi dvArA bodha hotA hI nahIM para usakA artha itanA hI hai ki jaba koI jJAna vyakti paidA huI taba vaha svAdhAra pramAtA ko pratyakSa hotI hI hai anya pramAtAmoM ke liye usakI parokSavA hI hai tathA svAdhAra pramAtA ke liye bhI vaha jJAna vyakti yadi vartamAna nahIM to parokSa hI hai| paraprakAza ke parapratyakSa prartha ke pakSa meM bhI yahI bAta lAgU hai-arthAt vartamAna jhAna vyakti hI svAdhAra pramAtA ke liye pratyakSa hai, anyathA nhiiN| 26 vijJAnavAdI bauddha ( nyAyabi0 1. 10), mImAMsaka, prabhAkarara vedAntare aura jaina ke svaprakAzavAdI haiN| ye saba jJAna ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM eka mata nhiiN| kyoMki vijJAnavAda / 1 "yattvanubhUteH svayaMprakAzatvamuktaM tadviSayaprakAzanavelAyAM jJAturAtmanastathaiva na tu sarveSAM sarvadA tathaivati niyamA'sti. parAnubhavasya hAnApAdAnAdiliGgakAnumAnajJAnaviSayatvAt svAnubhavasyApyatItasyAzAsiSamiti jJAnaviSayatvadarzanAcca |"-shriibhaassy pR0 24 / / - 2 "sarvavijJAnahetUtthA mitau mAtari ca prmaa| sAkSAtkartRtvasAmAnyAt pratyakSatvena sammatA ||"prkrnnp0 pR056| / 3 bhAmatI pR0 16 / "seyaM svayaM prakAzAnubhUtiH"-zrIbhASya pR0 18 / citsukhI pR06|

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40 3. paM0 14] bhASATippaNAni / 131 ke anusAra jJAnabhinna artha kA astitva hI nahIM aura jJAna bhI saakaar| prabhAkara ke matAnusAra bAhyArtha kA astitva hai ( bRhatI pR0 74 ) jisakA saMvedana hotA hai| vedAnta ke anusAra jJAna mukhyatayA brahmarUpa hone se nitya hI hai| jaina mata prabhAkara mata kI taraha bAsArtha kA astitva aura jJAna ko janya svIkAra karatA hai| phira bhI ve sabhI isa bAre meM ekamata haiM ki jJAnamAtra svapratyakSa haiM arthAt jJAna pratyakSa ho yA anumiti, zabda, smRti / prAdi rUpa ho phira bhI vaha svasvarUpa ke viSaya meM sAkSAtkArarUpa hI hai, usakA anumititva, zAndatva, smRtitva prAdi anya grAhya kI apekSA se samajhanA cAhie arthAt bhinna bhinna sAmagrIra se pratyakSa, anumeya, smartavya Adi vibhinna viSayoM meM utpanna honevAle pratyakSa, anumiti, smRti mAdi jJAna bhI svasvarUpa ke viSaya meM pratyakSa hI haiN| jJAna ko parapratyakSa artha meM paraprakAza mAnanevAle sAMkhyayoga aura nyAya-vaizeSika 10 haiN| ve kahate haiM ki jJAna kA svabhAva pratyakSa hone kA hai para vaha apane mApa pratyakSa ho nahIM sktaa| usakI pratyakSatA pranyAzrita hai| ataeva jJAna cAhe pratyakSa ho, anumiti ho, yA zabda, smRti prAdi anya koI, phira bhI ve saba svaviSayaka anuvyavasAya ke dvArA pratyakSarUpa se gRhIta hote hI haiN| parapratyakSatva ke viSaya meM inakA aikamatya hone para bhI parazanda ke artha ke viSaya meM aikamatya nahIM kyoMki nyAya-vaizeSika ke anusAra to para kA artha 16 hai anuvyavasAya jisake dvArA pUrvavartI koI bhI jJAnavyakti pratyakSatayA gRhIta hotI hai parantu , sAMkhya-yoga ke anusAra para zabda kA artha hai. caitanya jo puruSa kA sahaja svarUpa hai aura jisake dvArA jJAnAtmaka sabhI buddhivRttiyA~ pratyakSatayA bhAsita hotI haiN| parAnumeya artha meM paraprakAzavAdI kevala kumArila haiM jo jJAna ko svabhAva se hI parokSa mAnakara usakA tajjanyajJAtatArUpa liGga ke dvArA anumAna mAnate haiM, jo anumAna kAryahetuka 20 kAraNaviSayaka hai-zAstradI0 pR0 157 / kumArila ke sivAya aura koI jJAna ko atyanta parokSa nahIM maantaa| prabhAkara ke matAnusAra jo phalasaMvitti se jJAna kA anumAna mAnA mAtA hai vaha kumArila-saMmata prAkaTyarUpa phala se honevAle jJAnAnumAna se bilakula judA hai| kumArila to prAkaTaya se jJAna, jo prAtmasamaveta guNa hai usakA anumAna mAnate haiM jaba ki prabhAkaramatAnusAra saMvidrupa phala se anumita honevAlA jJAna vastuta: jJAna guNa nahIM kintu 25 jhAnaguNajanaka samikarSa mAdi jaDa sAmagrI hI hai / isa sAmagrI rUpa artha meM jJAna zabda ke prayoga kA samarthana karaNArthaka 'an' pratyaya mAna kara kiyA jAtA hai| 1 "sahopalambhaniyamAdabhedonIlataddhiyoH". bRhatI pR024| "prakAzamAnastAdAtmyAt svarUpasya prkaashkH| yathA prakAzo'bhimataH tathA dhiiraatmvedinii|"-prmaannvaa03. 326 / 2 sarvavijJAnahetUtthA......yAvatI kAcidagrahaNasmaraNarUpA"-prakaraNapa0 pR056| 3 "sadA zAtAzcittavRttayastatprabhAH puruSasyApariNAmitvAt / na tatsvAbhAsaM dRzyatvAt"-- . yogasU0 4. 18, 16 / - 4 "maneAgrAhya sukhaM du:khamicchA dveSo matiH kRtiH"--kArikAvalI 57 / '5 saMvidutpattikAraNamAtmamanaHsannikarSAkhyaM tadityavagamya parituSyatAmAyuSmatA-prakaraNApa0 puu063|

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132 pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR06. paM0-26prAcArya hemacandra ne jaina paramparAsammata jJAnamAtra ke pratyakSatva svabhAva kA siddhAnta mAnakara hI usakA svanirNayatva sthApita kiyA hai aura uparyukta dvividha paraprakAzatva ko prativAda kiyA hai| inake svapakSasthApana aura parapakSa-nirAsa kI dalIleM tathA pratyakSa-anumAna pramANa kA upanyAsa yaha saba vaisA hI hai jaisA zAlikanAtha kI prakaraNapazcikA tathA 5 zrIbhASya Adi meM hai| svapakSa ke Upara auroM ke dvArA udbhAvita doSoM kA parihAra bhI prAcArya kA vaisA hI hai jaisA ukta granthoM meM hai| pR06. paM0 26 'vizada-pratyakSa ke sambandha meM anya muddoM para likhane ke pahale yaha jatA denA jarUrI hai ki prAcIna samaya meM lakSaNakAra RSi pratyakSa lakSaNa kA lakSya kitanA samajhate the arthAt ve janya pratyakSa mAtra ko lakSya mAnakara lakSaNa racate the, yA janya-nitya10 sAdhAraNa pratyakSa ko lakSya mAnakara lakSaNa racate the jaisA ki uttarakAlIna naiyAyikoM ne prAge jAkara janya-nitya sAdhAraNa pratyakSa kA lakSaNa racA hai / jahA~ taka dekhA gayA usase yahI jAna par3atA hai ki prAcIna samaya ke lakSaNakAroM meM se kisI ne cAhai vaha IzvarAvirodhI naiyAyika vaizeSika hI kyoM na ho janya-nitya sAdhAraNa pratyakSa kA lakSaNa banAyA nahIM hai| IzvarAvirodhI ho yA IzvaravirodhI sabhI darzanakAroM ke prAcIna mUla pranthoM meM eka mAtra janyapratyakSa 15 kA hI nirUpaNa hai| nityapratyakSa kA kisI meM sambhava bhI hai aura sambhava hai to vaha Izvara meM hI hotA hai isa bAta kA kisI prAcIna grantha meM sUcana taka nahIM / apAruSeyatva ke dvArA veda ke prAmANya kA samarthana karanevAle mImAMsakoM ke viruddha nyAya-vaizeSika darzana ne yaha sthApana to zurU kara diyA ki veda zabdAtmaka aura anitya hone se usakA prAmANya apauru Seyatva-mUlaka nahIM kintu pauruSeyatva-mUlaka hI hai| phira bhI usa darzana ke prAcIna vidvAnoM 20 ne veda-praNetArUpa se kahIM Izvara kA spaSTa sthApana nahIM kiyA hai| unhoMne veda ko prApta RSipraNIta kaha kara hI usakA prAmANya mImAMsaka-sammata prakriyA se bhinna prakriyA dvArA sthApita kiyA aura sAtha hI vedAprAmANyavAdI jaina bauddha Adi ko javAba bhI de diyA ki veda pramANa hai kyoMki usake praNetA hamAre mAnya RSi prApta hI rahe2 / pichale vyAkhyAkAra naiyAyiko ne jaise Izvara ko jagatasraSTA bhI mAnA aura veda-praNetA bhI, isI taraha unhoMne usameM 25 nityajJAna kI kalpanA bhI kI vaise kisI bhI prAcIna vaidika darzanasUtragranthoM meM na to Izvara kA jagatsraSTA rUpa se na vedaka" rUpa se spaSTa sthApana hai aura na kahIM bhI usameM nityajJAna ke astitva kA ullekha bhI hai| ataeva yaha sunizcita hai ki prAcIna sabhI pratyakSa lakSaNoM kA lakSya kevala janya pratyakSa hI hai| isI janya pratyakSa ko lekara kucha muddoM para yahA~ vicAra prastuta hai| 1 vaize0 3. 1. 28 / "indriyArthasannikarSotpannamavyapadezyamavyabhicAri vyavasAyAtmakaM pratyakSam"nyAyasU0 1. 1.4 / "prativiSayAdhyavasAyo dRSTam"- saaNkhykaa05| sAMkhyasU0 1.86 / yogabhA0 1.7 / "satsaMprayoge puruSasyendriyANAma......"-jaimi0 1.1.4 / "Atmendriyamano'rthAt sannikarSAt pravartate / vyaktA tadAtve yA buddhiH pratyakSaM sA nirUpyate ||"-crksN0 11.20 / 2 nyAyasU0 1.1.7, 2. 1. 66 / vaize0 6.1.1 / /

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pR06.50 26] bhASATippaNAni / 133 1 laukikAlaukikatA-prAcIna samaya meM lakSyakoTi meM janyamAtra hI niviSTa thA phira bhI cArvAka ke sivAya sabhI darzanakAroM ne janya pratyakSa ke laukika alaukika aise do prakAra mAne haiN| sabhI ne indriyajanya aura manomAtrajanya vartamAna saMbaddha-viSayaka jJAna ko laukika pratyakSa kahA hai| alaukika pratyakSa kA varNana bhinna bhinna darzanoM meM bhinna bhinna nAma se hai| sAMkhya-yoga, nyAya-vaizeSika,2 bauddha sabhI alaukika pratyakSa kA yogi-5 pratyakSa yA yogi-jJAna nAma se nirUpaNa karate haiM jo yogajanya sAmarthya dvArA janita mAnA jAtA hai| - mImAMsaka jo sarvajJatva kA khAsakara dharmAdharmasAkSAtkAra kA ekAnta virodhI hai vaha ' bhI mokSAGgabhUta eka prakAra ke AtmajJAna kA astitva mAnatA hai jo vastutaH yogajanya yA alaukika hI hai| 10 vedAnta meM jo IzvarasAkSIcaitanya hai vahI alaukika pratyakSa sthAnIya hai| .. jaina darzana kI prAgamika paramparA aise pratyakSa ko hI pratyakSa kahatI hai| kyoMki usa . paramparA ke anusAra pratyakSa kevala vahI mAnA jAtA hai jo indriya janya na ho| usa paramparA ke anusAra to darzanAntarasaMmata laukikapratyakSa pratyakSa nahIM para parokSa hai6 phira bhI jaina darzana kI tArkika paramparA pratyakSa ke do prakAra mAnakara eka ko jise darzanAntaroM meM laukika 15 pratyakSa kahA hai sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kahatI hai aura dUsare ko jo darzanAntaroM meM alaukika pratyakSa kahA jAtA hai pAramArthika pratyakSa kahatI hai| tathA pAramArthika pratyakSa ke kAraNarUpa se labdhi yA viziSTa prAtmazakti kA varNana karatI hai, jo eka prakAra se jaina paribhASA meM yogaja dharma hI hai| - - ...... 2 alaukika meM nirvikalpaka kA sthAna-aba prazna yaha hai ki alaukika pratyakSa 20 nirvikalpaka hI hotA hai yA savikalpaka hI hotA hai, yA ubhayarUpa 1 / isake uttara meM ekavAkyatA nhiiN| tArkika bauddha aura zAGkara vedAntaH paramparA ke anusAra to alaukika pratyakSa nirvikalpa hI saMbhavita hai savikalpaka kabhI nhiiN| rAmAnuja kA mata isase bilakula ulaTA hai, tadanusAra laukika ho yA alaukika koI bhI pratyakSa sarvathA nirvikalpaka saMbhava hI nahIM para nyAya vaizeSika prAdi anya vaidika darzana ke anusAra alaukika pratyakSa savikalpaka 25 1 yogasU0 3.54 / saaNkhykaa064| 2 vaize0 6.1. 13-15 / . 3 nyAyabi0 1.11 / .4 "sarvatraiva hi vijJAnaM saMskAratvena gmyte| parAGga cAtmavijJAnAdanyatretyavadhAmran" tantravA0 pR0240|| 5 tattvArtha0 1.12 / 6 tasvArtha0 1.11 / 7TippaNa pR022|| & Indian Psychology : Perception. P. 352. & "ataH pratyakSasya kadAcidapi na nirvizeSaviSayatvam"-zrI bhASya puu021||

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134 pramANamImAMsAyAH [ pR0 8. paM0 26 nirvikalpaka - ubhaya saMbhavita jAna par3atA hai / yahA~ saMbhavita zabda kA prayoga isaliye kiyA hai ki bhAsarvajJa ( nyAyasAra pR0 4) jaise prabala naiyAyika ne uktarUpa se dvividha yogipratyakSa kA spaSTa hI kathana kiyA hai phira bhI kayAdasUtra aura prazastapAdabhASya Adi prAcIna pranthoM meM aisA koI spaSTa nirdeza nhiiN| jaina paramparA ke anusAra pralaukika yA paramArthika 5 pratyakSa ubhayarUpa hai / kyoMki jaina darzana meM jo avadhidarzana tathA kevaladarzana nAmaka sAmAnyabodha mAnA jAtA hai vaha pralaukika nirvikalpaka hI hai| aura jo avadhijJAna, manaH paryAyajJAna tathA kevalajJAnarUpa vizeSabodha hai vahI savikalpaka hai / 3 pratyakSatva kA niyAmaka prazna hai ki pratyakSatva ko niyAmaka tatva kyA jisake kAraNa koI bhI bodha yA jJAna pratyakSa kahA jAtA hai ? isakA javAba bhI darzanoM meM 10 ekavidha nahIM / navya zAGkara vedAnta ke anusAra pratyakSatva kA niyAmaka hai pramANacaitanya aura viSayacaitanya kA abheda jaisA ki vedAntaparibhASA ( pR0 23 ) meM savistara varNita hai / nyAya-vaizeSika, sAMkhya-yoga, bauddha, mImAMsaka darzana ke anusAra pratyakSatva kA niyAmaka hai sannikarSajanyatva, jo sannikarSa se, cAhe vaha sannikarSa laukika ho yA alaukika, anya hai, vaha saba pratyakSa | jaina darzana meM pratyakSa ke niyAmaka do tatva haiM / zrAgamika paramparA ke anu15 sAra to eka mAtra prAtmamAtra sApekSatva hI pratyakSatva kA niyAmaka ( sarvArtha 1. 12 ) hai / alAvA indriyamaneAjanyatva bhI pratyakSatva kA vastuta: jainatArkika paramparA nyAya-vaizeSika jaba ki tArkika paramparA ke anusAra usake niyAmaka phalita hotA hai-pramANamI0 1.20 // Adi vaidika darzanAnusAriNI hI hai / 4 pratyakSatva kA kSetra - pratyakSatva kevala nirvikalpaka meM hI maryAdita hai yA vaha 20 savikalpaka meM bhI hai ? / isake javAba meM bauddha kA kathana hai ki vaha mAtra nirvikalpaka meM maryAdita hai| jaba ki bauddha bhinna sabhI darzanoM kA mantavya nirvikalpaka savikalpaka donoM meM pratyakSatva ke svIkAra kA hai| 5 janya - nityasAdhAraNa pratyakSa-abhI taka janyamAtra ko lakSya mAnakara lakSaNa kI carcA huI para madhyayuga meM jaba ki Izvara kA jagatkartR rUpa se yA vedapraNetR rUpa se nyAya-vaize25 SikAdi darzane meM spaSTa sthAna niryAta huA tabhI se IzvarIya pratyakSa nitya mAne jAne ke kAraNa janya - nitya ubhaya sAdhAraNa pratyakSa lakSaNa banAne kA prazna IzvaravAdiyoM ke sAmane AyA / jAna par3atA hai aise sAdhAraNa lakSaNa kA prayatna bhAsarvajJa ne sarvaprathama kiyaa| usane 'samyagaparokSAnubhava' ( nyAyasAra pR0 2 ) ko pratyakSa pramA kahakara janya- nitya ubhaya pratyakSa kA eka hI lakSaNA bnaayaa| zAlikanAtha jo prabhAkara kA anugAmI hai usane bhI 'sAcAtpratIti' 30 ( prakaraNapa0 pR0 51) ko pratyakSa kahakara dUsare zabdoM meM bAhyaviSayaka indriyajanya tathA prAsmA aura jJAnagrAhI indriyAjanya aise dvividha pratyakSa ( prakaraNa pa0 pR0 51 ) se sAdhAraNa lakSaNa kA praNayana kiyA / para Age jAkara navya naiyAyikoM ne bhAsarvajJa ke aparokSa pada tathA zAlikanAtha ke sAkSAtpratIti pada kA 'jJAnAkaraNakajJAna' ko jamya-nitya sAdhAraNa pratyakSa kahakara

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pR0 21. paM0 22] bhaassaattippyaami| nanya paribhASA meM spaSTIkaraNa kiyA ( muktA0 52) / idhara jainadarzana ke tArkikoM meM bhI. sAdhAraNalakSaNapraNayana kA prazna upasthita huA jAna par3atA hai| jaina darzana nityapratyakSa to mAnatA hI nahIM prataeva usake sAmane janya-nityasAdhAraNa lakSaNa kA prazna na thaa| para sAmyavahArika, pAramArthika ubhayavidha pratyakSa ke sAdhAraNa lakSaNa kA prazna thaa| jAna par3atA hai isakA javAba sarva prathama siddhasena divAkara ne hI diyaa| unhoMne aparokSarUpa / jJAna ko pratyakSa kahakara sAMvyavahArika-pAramArthika ubhayasAdhAraNa aparokSatva ko. lakSaNa banAyA / nyAyA0 4) yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki siddhasena ke 'aparokSa pada ke prayoga kA prabhAva bhAsarvajJa ke lakSaNa meM hai yA nahIM ? / para itanA to nizcita hI hai ki jaina paramparA meM aparokSasvarUpa se sAdhAraNa lakSaNa kA prAraMbha siddhasena ne hI kiyaa| 6 doSa kA nivAraNa-siddhasena ne aparokSatva ko pratyakSa mAtra kA sAdhAraNa lakSaNa 10 bnaayaa| para usameM eka truTi hai jo kisI bhI sUkSmaprajJa tArkika se chipI raha nahIM sktii| vaha yaha hai ki agara pratyakSa kA lakSaNa aparokSa hai to parokSa kA lakSaNa kyA hogaa| agara yaha kahA jAya ki parokSa kA lakSaNa pratyakSabhinnatva yA apratyakSasva hai to isameM spaSTa hI anyonyAzraya hai| jAna par3atA hai isa doSa ko dUra karane kA tathA aparokSatva ke svarUpa ko sphuTa karane kA prayatna sarva prathama bhaTTAraka akalaGka ne kiyaa| unhoMne bahuta hI prAJjala 15 zabdoM meM kaha diyA ki jo jJAna vizada hai vahI pratyakSa hai-laghI0 1. 3 / unhoMne isa vAkya meM sAdhAraNa lakSaNa to garbhita kiyA hI para sAtha hI ukta anyonyAzraya doSa ko bhI. TAla diyaa| kyoMki aba aparokSapada hI nikala gayA, jo parokSatva ke nirvacana kI apekSA rakhatA thaa| prakalaGka kI lAkSaNikatA ne kevala itanA hI nahIM kiyA para sAtha hI vaizadya kA sphoTa bhI kara diyaa| vaha sphoTa bhI aisA ki jisase sAMvyavahArika pAramArthika donoM 20 pratyakSa kA saMgraha ho| unhoMne kahA ki anumAnAdi kI apekSA vizeSa pratibhAsa karanA hI vaizaya hai-laghI0 1.4 / prakalaGka kA yaha sAdhAraNa lakSaNa kA prayatna aura sphoTa hI uttaravartI samI zvetAmbara-digambara tArkikoM ke pratyakSa lakSaNa meM pratibimbita huaa| kisI ne vizada pada ke sthAna meM spaSTa' pada (pramANana0 2.2) rakhA to kisI ne usI pada ko hI rakhA-parI 2. 3 / prA0 hemacandra jaise aneka sthaloM meM prakalaGkAnugAmI haiM vaise hI pratyakSa ke lakSaNa ke 25 bAre meM bhI prakalaGka ke hI anugAmI haiN| yahAM taka ki unhoMne to vizada pada aura vaizadya kA vivaraNa prakalaGka ke samAna hI rkhaa| akalaGka kI paribhASA itanI dRDhamUla ho gaI ki antima tArkika upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne bhI pratyakSa ke lakSaNa meM usIkA Azraya kiyAtarkabhASA0 pR0 1 / pR0 21. paM0 22 'pratisaMkhyAnena'-pratisaMkhyAna zabda bauddha paramparA meM jisa artha meM 30 prasiddha hai usI artha meM prasaMkhyAna zabda nyAya, yAma mAdi darzanI meM prasiddha hai- nyAyabhA0 4. 2.2 / yogasU0 4. 26 /

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136 pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 26. paM0 24...pra. 1.pA 1. sU0 35-36. pR0 26-pIche hamane likhA hai ki 'prAcArya hemacandra ne apanA vaiyAkaraNatva akarSaka tArkika zailI meM vyakta kiyA hai' (TippaNa pR0 66) isakA khulAsA yoM samajhanA cAhie / vaiyAkaraNoM kI paribhASA ke anusAra kriyAvAcI zabda dhAtu kahalAtA hai aura dhAtupratipAdya artha kriyA kahI jAtI hai| akarmaka dhAtu ke vAcya phala aura vyApAra 5 donoM samAnAdhikaraNa arthAt kaniSTha hAte haiN| jaba ki sakarmaka dhAtu ke vAcya phala aura vyApAra donoM aMza jo dhAtu vAcya hone ke kAraNa kriyArUpa haiM ve vyadhikaraNa arthAt anukrama se karmaniSTha aura kaniSTha hote haiM3 / prakRta pramANa-phala kI carcA meM jJAdhAtu kA vyApArarUpa artha jo kaniSTha hai usako pramANa kahA hai aura usakA phalarUpa artha jo karmaniSTha hai use phala kahA hai| jJAdhAtu sakarmaka hone se usake jJAnAtmaka vyApAra aura tajjanya prakAzarUpa phala donoM 10 anukrama se kartR niSThatayA aura karmaniSThatayA pratipAdya haiM aura donoM kriyArUpa haiN| pR0 3,1. paM0 21. 'svaparAbhAsI-prAcArya ne sUtra meM prAtmA ko svAbhAsI aura parAbhAsI kahA hai| yadyapi ina do vizeSaNoM ko lakSita karake hamane saMkSepa meM TippaNa likhA hai (TippaNa pR070) phira bhI isa viSaya meM anya dRSTi se likhanA Avazyaka samajha kara yahA~ thor3A sA vicAra likhA jAtA hai| 15 . 'svAbhAsI' pada ke 'sva' kA AbhAsanazIla aura 'sva' ke dvArA prAbhAsanazIla aise do artha phalita hote haiM para vastuta: ina donoM arthoM meM koI tAttvika bheda nhiiN| donoM arthoM kA .. matalaba svaprakAza se hai aura svaprakAza kA tAtparya bhI svapratyakSa hI hai| parantu 'parAmAsI' pada se phalita honevAle do arthoM kI maryAdA eka nhiiN| para kA AbhAsanazIla yaha eka artha jise vRtti meM prAcArya ne svaya' hI batalAyA hai aura para ke dvArA prAbhAsanazIla yaha 20 dUsarA artha / ina donoM arthoM ke bhAva meM aMtara hai| pahile artha se prAtmA kA paraprakAzana svabhAva sUcita kiyA jAtA hai jaba ki dUsare artha se svayaM AtmA kA anya ke dvArA prakAzita hone kA svabhAva sUcita hotA hai| yaha to samajha hI lenA cAhie ki ukta do arthoM meM se dUsarA arthAt gara ke dvArA AbhAsita honA isa artha kA tAtparya para ke dvArA pratyakSa honA isa artha meM hai| pahile artha kA tAtparya to para ko pratyakSa yA parokSa kisI rUpa se bhAsita 25 karanA yaha hai| jo darzana prAtmabhinna tattva ko bhI mAnate haiM ve sabhI prAtmA ko para kA avabhAsaka mAnate hI haiN| aura jaise pratyakSa yA parokSarUpa se para kA pravabhAsaka prAtmA avazya hotA hai vaise hI vaha kisI na kisI rUpa se sva kA bhI avabhAsaka hotA hI hai prata . 1 "kriyArtho dhAtuH"- haimaza0 3. 3.3 / "kRtiH kriyA pravRttiApAra iti yAvat / pUrvAparIbhUtA sAdhyamAnarUpA sA artho'bhidheyaM yasya sa zabdo dhAtusaMjJo bhavati |"-haimsh0 0 3. 3.3 / 2 "bhavatyarthaH sAdhyarUpaH kriyAsAmAnya dhAtvarthaH sa dhAtunaivocyate / " haimaza0 vR05. 3. 18 / 3 phlvyaapaaryoreknisstaayaamkrmkH| dhAtustayordharmibhede sakarmaka , udAhRtaH // " vai0 bhUSaNa0 kaa013|

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50 31. paM0 21.] bhASATippaNAni / evaM yahA~ jo dArzanikoM kA matabheda dikhAyA jAtA hai vaha svapratyakSa aura parapratyakSa artha ko lekara hI samajhanA caahie| svapratyakSavAdI ve hI ho sakate haiM jo jJAna kA svapratyakSa mAnate haiM aura sAtha hI jJAna-prAtmA kA abheda yA kathaMcidabheda mAnate haiN| zaGkara, rAmAnuja Adi vedAnta, sAMkhya, yoga, vijJAnavAdI bauddha aura jaina inake mata se prAtmA svapratyakSa haicAhe vaha AsmA kisI ke mata se zuddha va nitya caitanyarUpa ho, kisI ke mata se janya jnyaanruup| hI ho yA kisI ke mata se caitanya-jJAnobhayarUpa ho-kyoMki ve sabhI prAtmA aura jJAna kA abheda mAnate haiM tathA jJAnamAtra ko svapratyakSa hI mAnate haiN| kumArila hI eka aise haiM jo jJAna ko parokSa mAnakara bhI AtmA ko vedAnta kI taraha svaprakAza hI kahate haiN| isakA tAtparya yahI jAna par3atA hai ki kumArila ne AtmA kA svarUpa zrutisiddha hI mAnA hai aura ' zruti proM meM svaprakAzatva spaSTa hai ataeva jJAna kA parokSatva mAnakara bhI AtmA ko svapratyakSa 10 vinA mAne unakI dUsarI gati hI nhiiN| para pratyakSavAdI ve hI ho sakate haiM jo jJAna ko AtmA se bhinna para usakA guNa mAnate haiM-cAhe vaha jJAna kisI ke mata se svaprakAza ho jaisA prabhAkara ke mata se, cAhe kisI ke mata se paraprakAza ho jaisA naiyAyikAdi ke mata se| prabhAkara ke matAnusAra pratyakSa, anumiti, Adi koI bhI saMvit ho para usameM AtmA 15 pratyakSarUpa se avazya bhAsita hotA hai| nyAya-vaizeSika darzana meM matabheda hai| usake anugAmI prAcIna ho yA arvAcIna sabhI eka mata se yogo kI apekSA AtmA ko parapratyakSa hI mAnate haiM kyoMki saba ke matAnusAra yogaja pratyakSa ke dvArA AtmA kA sAkSAtkAra hotA hai| para asmadAdi agdirzI kI apekSA unameM matabheda hai| prAcIna naiyAyika aura vaizeSika vidvAn aAgdarzI ke AtmA ko pratyakSa na mAnakara anumeya mAnate haiM3, jaba ki 20' pIche ke nyAya-vaizeSika vidvAn avIgdarzo AtmA ko bhI usake mAnasapratyakSa kA viSaya mAna kara parapratyakSa batalAte haiN| jJAna ko prAtmA se bhinna mAnanevAle sabhI ke mata se yaha bAta phalita hotI hai ki muktAvasthA meM yogajanya yA aura kisI prakAra kA jJAna na rahane ke kAraNa AtmA na to sAkSAtkatI hai aura na sAkSAtkAra kA viSaya / isa viSaya meM dArzanika kalpanAoM kA rAjya 25 anekadhA vistRta hai para vaha yahA~ prastuta nhiiN| / 1 "Atmanaiva prakAzyo'yamAtmA jyotiritIritam"- zlokavA0 zrAtmavAda zlo0 142 / 2 "yuJjAnasya yogasamAdhijamAtmamanasAH saMyogavizeSAdAtmA pratyakSa iti |"-nyaaybhaa0 1.1.3 / "AtmanyAtmamanamAH saMyogavizeSAda zrAtmapratyakSam-vaize0 6.1.11 / / . 3 "AtmA tAvatpratyakSato na gRhyate"--nyAyabhA0 1.1.10 / " tatrAtmA mnshcaaprtykssevaishe08.1.2| 4 "tadevamahaMpratyayaviSayatvAdAtmA tAvat pratyakSaH"-nyAyavA0 pR0342 / "ahaGkArasyAzrayo'yaM manomAtrasya gocaraH"-kArikAvalI 50 /

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pramANamImAMsAyAH [ pR0 38 paM0 22 pR0 38. paM0 22. 'sAdhanAt -- anumAna zabda ke anumiti aura anumitikaraNa aise do artha haiM / jaba anumAna zabda bhAvavAcI ho taba anumiti aura jaba karaNavAcI ho taba anumitikaraNa artha nikalatA hai / 138 anumAna zabda meM anu aura mAna aise do aMza haiN| 1 anu kA artha hai pazcAt aura 5 mAna kA artha hai jJAna arthAt jo jJAna kisI anya jJAna ke bAda hI hotA hai vaha anumAna | parantu vaha anya jJAna khAsa jJAna hI vivakSita hai, jo anumiti kA kAraNa hotA hai / usa khAsa jJAna rUpa se vyAptijJAna -- jise liGgaparAmarza bhI kahate haiM- iSTa hai| pratyakSa aura anumAna jJAna meM mukhya eka antara yaha bhI hai ki pratyakSa jJAna niyama se jJAnakAraNaka nahIM hotA, jaba ki anumAna niyama se jJAnakAraNaka hI hotA hai / yahI bhAva anumAna zabda meM maujUda 10 'anu' aMza ke dvArA sUcita kiyA gayA hai 1 yadyapi pratyakSabhinna dUsare bhI aise jJAna haiM jo anumAna koTi meM na gine jAne para bhI niyama se jJAnajanya hI haiM, jaise upamAna, zAbda, arthApatti Adi; tathApi dara asala meM jaisA ki vaizeSika darzana tathA bauddha darzana meM mAnA gayA haipramANa ke pratyakSa aura anumAna aise do hI prakAra haiN| kisI taraha anumAna pramANa meM samAye jA sakate haiM 15 ne samAyA bhI hai| bAkI ke saba pramANa kisI na jaisA ki ukta dvipramANavAdidarzanoM 25 anumAna kisI bhI viSaya kA ho, vaha kisI bhI prakAra ke hetu se janya kyoM na ho para itanA to nizcita hai ki anumAna ke mUla meM kahIM na kahIM pratyakSa jJAna kA astitva avazya hotA hai / mUla meM kahIM bhI pratyakSa na ho aisA anumAna ho hI nahIM sakatA / jaba ki pratyakSa apanI utpatti meM anumAna kI apekSA kadApi nahIM rakhatA taba anumAna apanI utpatti 20 meM pratyakSa kI apekSA avazya rakhatA hai / yahI bhAva 'tatpUrvakam ' ( 1. 1. 5 ) zabda se RSi ne vyakta kiyA hai, nyAyasUtragata anumAna ke lakSaNa meM ? jisakA anusaraNa sAMkhyakArikA. ( kA05 ) Adi ke anumAna lakSaNa meM bhI dekhA jAtA 1 anumAna ke svarUpa aura prakAra nirUpaNa Adi kA jo dArzanika vikAsa hamAre sAmane hai use tIna yugoM meM vibhAjita karake hama ThIka ThIka samajha sakate haiM 1 vaidika yuga, 2 bauddha yuga aura 3 navyanyAya yuga / 1 - vicAra karane se jAna par3atA hai ki anumAna pramANa ke lakSaNa aura prakAra Adi kA zAstrIya nirUpaNa vaidika paraMparA meM hI zurU huA aura usI kI vividha zAkhAoM meM vikasita hone lagA / isakA prAraMbha kaba huA, kahA~ huA, kisane kiyA, isake prAthamika vikAsa ne kitanA samaya liyA, vaha kina kina pradezoM meM siddha huA ityAdi prazna zAyada sadA hI 1 jaise 'tatpUrvaka' zabda pratyakSa aura anumAna kA paurvAparya pradarzita karatA hai vaise hI jaina paramparA mati aura zrutasaMjJaka dA jJAnoM kA pai'rvAparya batalAnevAlA "maipubvaM jeNa suyaM" ( nandI sU0 24 ) yaha zabda hai / vizeSA0 gA0 66, 105, 106 /

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pR0 38. paM0 22] bhASATippaNAni 136 niruttara rheNge| phira bhI itanA to nizcita rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki isake prAthamika vikAsa kA pranthana bho vaidika paraMparA ke prAcIna anya granthoM meM dekhA jAtA hai| - yaha vikAsa vaidikayugIna isa liye bhI hai ki isake prArambha karane meM jaina aura bauddha paramparA.kA hissA to hai hI nahIM balki ina donoM paramparAoM ne vaidika paramparA se hI ukta zAstrIya nirUpaNa ko zurU meM akSaraza: apanAyA hai| yaha vaidikayugIna anumAna nirUpaNa hameM 5 do vaidika paramparAoM meM thor3e bahuta hera phera ke sAtha dekhane ko milatA hai| (a) vaizeSika aura mImAMsaka paramparA-isa paramparA ko spaSTatayA vyakta karanevAle isa samaya hamAre sAmane prazasta aura zAbara do bhASya haiN| donoM meM anumAna ke do prakAroM kA hI ullekha hai? jo mUla meM kisI eka vicAra paramparA kA sUcaka hai| merA nijI bhI mAnanA hai ki mUla meM vaizeSika aura mImAMsaka donoM paramparAe~ kabhI abhinna thIM2, jo 10 Age jAkara kramazaH judI huI aura bhinna bhinna mArga se vikAsa karatI gii| (ba) dUsarI vaidika paramparA meM nyAya, sAMkhya aura caraka ina tIna zAstroM kA samAveza hai| inameM anumAna ke tIna prakAroM kA ullekha va varNana hai3 / vaizeSika tathA mImAMsaka darzana meM varNita do prakAra ke bodhaka zabda karIba karIba samAna haiM, jaba ki nyAya Adi zAstroM kI dUsarI paramparA meM pAye jAnevAle tIna prakAroM ke bodhaka zabda eka hI haiN| alabattA saba 15 zAkhoM meM udAharaNa eka se nahIM haiN| jaina paramparA meM saba se pahile anumAna ke tIna prakAra anuyogadvArasUtra meM jo I0 sa. pahalI zatAbdI kA hai-hI pAye jAte haiM, jinake bodhaka zabda akSarazaH nyAyadarzana ke anusAra hI haiN| phira bhI anuyogadvAra varNita tIna prakAroM ke udAharaNoM meM itanI vizeSatA avazya hai ki unameM bheda-pratibheda rUpa se vaizeSika-mImAMsaka darzanavAlI dvividha anu- 20 mAna kI parasparA kA bhI samAveza ho hI gayA hai| . bauddha paramparA meM anumAna ke nyAyasUtravAle tIna prakAra kA hI varNana hai jo eka mAtra upAyahRdaya ( pR0 13 ) meM abhI taka dekhA jAtA hai| jaisA samajhA jAtA. hai, upAyahRdaya pragara nAgArjunakRta nahIM ho to bhI vaha diGa nAga kA pUrvavartI avazya honA caahie| isa taraha hama dekhate haiM ki IsA kI cauthI pA~cavIM zatAbdI taka ke jaina-bauddha sAhitya meM vaidika 25 yugIna ukta do paramparAoM ke anumAna varNana kA hI saMgraha kiyA gayA hai| taba taka meM ukta 1 "tattu dvividham-pratyakSatA dRSTasambandhaM sAmAnyato dRSTasambandhaM ca"-zAbarabhA0 1. 1:5 / "tattu dvividham-dRSTaM sAmAnyato dRSTaM ca"-prazasta0 pR0 205 / .2 mImAMsA darzana 'athAto dharmajijJAsA' meM dharma se hI zurU hotA hai vaise hI vaizeSika darzana bhI 'athAto dharma vyAkhyAsyAmaH' sUtra meM dharmanirUpaNa se zurU hotA hai|,, 'codanAlakSaNo'rtho dharmaH' aura 'tadvacanAdAmnAyasya prAmANyam' donoM kA bhAva samAna hai| .. 3 "pUrvavaccheSavatsAmAnyato raTaM ca" nyAyasU0 1. 1.5 / mAThara0 kaa0.5| caraka0 sUtrasthAna zlo0 28, 26 / 4 "tivihe paeNate taMjahA-putvavaM, sesavaM, diTThasAhammavaM |'-anuyo0 pR0 212A /

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140 pramANamImAMsAyA: [pR0 38. paM0 22donoM paramparAe~ mukhyatayA pramANa ke viSaya meM khAsakara anumAna praNAlI ke viSaya meM vaidika paramparA kA hI anusaraNa karatI huI dekhI jAtI haiN| 2-I0 sa0 kI pAMcavIM zatAbdI se isa viSaya meM bauddhayuga zurU hotA hai| bauddhayuga isaliye ki aba taka meM jo anumAna praNAlI vaidika paramparA ke anusAra hI mAnya hotI AI 5 thI usakA pUrNa bala se prativAda karake diGnAga ne anumAna kA lakSaNa svatantra bhAva se racA aura usake prakAra bhI apanI bauddha dRSTi se btlaae| diGnAga ke isa naye anumAna prasthAna ko sabhI uttaravartI bauddha vidvAnoM ne apanAyA aura unhoMne diGa nAga kI taraha hI nyAya zrAdi zAstra saMmata vaidika paramparA ke anumAna lakSaNa, prakAra Adi kA khaNDana kiyA jo ki kabhI prasiddha pUrvavartI bauddha tArkiko ne khuda hI svIkRta kiyA thaa| aba se vaidika aura 10 bauddha tArkikoM ke bIca khaNDana-maNDana kI khAsa Amane sAmane chAvaniyA~ bana gii| pAtsyAyanabhASya ke TokAnuTIkAkAra udyotakara, vAcaspati mizra Adi ne vasubandhu, diGnAga, dharmakIrti Adi bauddha tArkikoM ke anumAnalakSaNapraNayana prAdi kA jora zora se khaNDana kiyA4 jisakA uttara kramika bauddha tArkika dete gaye haiN| bauddhayuga kA prabhAva jaina paramparA para bhI pdd'aa| bauddhatArkiko ke dvArA vaidika para. 15 mparAsammata anumAna lakSaNa, bheda Adi kA khaNDana hote aura svatantrabhAva se lakSaNapraNayana hote dekhakara siddhasena jaise jaina tArkikoM ne bhI svatantrabhAva se apanI dRSTi ke anusAra anumAna kA lakSaNapraNayana kiyaa| bhaTTAraka akalaGka ne usa siddhasenIya lakSaNa praNayana mAtra meM hI saMtoSa na maanaa| para sAtha hI baiddhitArkikoM kI taraha vaidika paramparA sammata anumAna ke bheda prabhedoM ke khaNDana kA sUtrapAta bhI spaSTa, kiyA6 jise vidyAnanda Adi uttara20 vartI digambarIya tArkikoM ne vistRta va pallavita kiyA / naye bauddha yuga ke do pariNAma spaSTa dekhe jAte haiN| pahilA to yaha ki bauddha aura jaina paramparA meM svatantra bhAva se anumAna lakSaNa Adi kA praNayana aura apane hI pUrvAcAryoM ke dvArA kabhI svIkRta vaidika paramparA saMmata anumAnalakSaNa vibhAga Adi kA khaNDana / dUsarA pariNAma yaha hai ki sabhI vaidika vidvAnoM ke dvArA bauddha saMmata anumAna praNAlI kA khaNDana va 25 apane pUrvAcArya sammata anumAna praNAlI kA sthaapn| para isa dUsare pariNAma meM cAheM gauNa rUpa se hI sahI eka bAta yaha bhI ullekhayogya dAkhila hai ki bhAsarvajJa jaise vaidika paramparA 1 pramANasamu02. 1. Buddhist Logic. Vol. I. p. 236. 2 "anumAnaM liGgAdarthadarzanam"-nyAyapra0 pR07| nyaaybi02.3| tasvasaM0 kA01362 / 3 pramANasamu0 pri02| tasvasaM0 kA0 1442 tAtparya0 pR0 180 / 4 nyAyavA0 pR046| tAtpaya0pR0 180 / 5 "sAdhyAvinambhuno liGgAtsAdhyanizcAyakaM smRtam / anumaanm".-nyaayaa05| 6nyaayvi02.171,172| 7 ttvaarthshlo0puu0205| prameyaka0 pR0105

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141 pR0 38. paM0 22 ] . bhASATippaNAni / ke kisI kisI tArkika ke lakSaNa praNayana meM bauddha lakSaNa kA bhI asara prAgayA? jo jaina tAkikoM ke lakSaNa praNayana meM to bauddhayuga ke prArambha se hI prAja taka ekasA calA pAyA hai / 3-tIsarA navyanyAyayuga upAdhyAya gaGgeza se zurU hotA hai| unhoMne apane vaidika pUrvAcAryoM ke anumAna lakSaNa ko kAyama rakha kara bhI usameM sUkSma pariSkAra kiyA jisakA prAdara uttaravartI sabhI navya naiyAyiko ne hI nahIM balki sabhI vaidika darzana ke pariSkArakoM / ne kiyaa| isa navIna pariSkAra ke samaya se bhAratavarSa meM. bauddha tArkika karIba karIba nAmazeSa ho gye| isa liye bauddha granthoM meM isake svIkAra yA khaNDana ke pAye jAne kA to saMbhava hI nahIM para jaina paramparA ke bAre meM aisA nahIM hai| jaina paramparA to pUrva kI taraha navyanyAyayuga se Aja taka bhAratavarSa meM calI prArahI hai aura yaha bhI nahIM ki navyanyAyayuga ke marmajJa koI jaina tArkika hue bhI nhiiN| upAdhyAya yazovijayajI jaise tatvacintAmaNi aura Aloka Adi 10 navyanyAya ke abhyAsI sUkSmaprajJa tArkika jaina paramparA meM hue haiM phira bhI unake tarkabhASA jaise grantha meM navyanyAyayugIna pariSkRta anumAna lakSaNa kA svIkAra yA khaNDana dekhA nahIM jaataa| upAdhyAyajI ne bhI apane tarkabhASA jaise pramANa viSayaka mukhya grantha meM anumAna kA lakSaNa vahI rakhA hai jo sabhI pUrvavartI zvetAmbara digambara tArkikoM ke dvArA mAnya kiyA gayA hai| 15 prAcArya hemacandra ne anumAna kA jo lakSaNa kiyA hai vaha siddhasena aura akalaGka Adi prAktana jaina tArkikoM ke dvAga sthApita aura samarthita ho rhaa| isameM unhoMne koI sudhAra yA nyanAdhikatA nahIM kii| phira bhI hemacandrIya anumAna nirUpaNa meM eka dhyAna dene yogya vizeSatA hai| vaha yaha ki pUrvavartI sabhI jaina tArkikoM ne-jinameM abhayadeva, vAdI devasUri Adi zvetAMbara tArkikoM kA bhI samAveza hotA hai-vaidika paramparA saMmata trividha anumAna praNAlI 20 kA sATopa khaNDana kiyA thA use prA0 hemacandra ne chor3a diyaa| yaha hama nahIM kaha sakate ki hemacandra ne saMkSeparuci kI dRSTi se usa khaNDana ko jo pahile se barAbara jaina granthoM meM calA pA rahA thA choDA, ki pUrvApara asaMgati kI dRSTi se| jo kucha ho, para prAcArya hemacandra ke dvArA vaidika paramparA saMmata anumAna traividhya ke khaNDana kA parityAga hone se, jo jaina pranthoM meM khAsa kara zvetAMbarIya granthoM meM eka prakAra kI asaMgati AgaI tho vaha dUra ho gii| isakA 25 zreya prAcArya hemacandra ko hI hai| asaMgati yaha thI ki AryarakSita jaise pUrvadhara samajhe jAne vAle Agamadhara jaina prAcArya ne nyAya saMmata anumAnatraividhya kA bar3e vistAra se svIkAra aura samarthana kiyA thA jisakA unhIM ke uttarAdhikArI abhayadevAdi zvetAMbara tArkikoM ne sAveza khaNDana kiyA thaa| 1 "samyagavinAbhAvena parokSAnubhavasAdhanamanumAnam"-nyAyasAra pR05| / 2 nyaayaa05| nyaayvi02.1| pramANapa0 pR070| parI0 3. 14 / 3 "atItAnAgatadhUmAdijJAne'pyanumitidarzanAnna liGga taddhetuH vyApArapUrvavartitayArabhAvAt.. kintu vyAptijJAnaM karaNa parAmarzo vyApAra:"- tattvaci0 parAmarza pR0 536.50 / 4 sanmatiTI0 pR0 556 / syAdvAdara0 pR0 527 /

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142 pramANamImAMsAyAH [pR0 36, paM0 15digambara paramparA meM to yaha asaMgati isaliye nahIM mAnI jA sakatI ki vaha AryarakSita ke anuyogadvAra ko mAnatI hI nhiiN| ataeva agara digambarIya tArkika prakalaGka prAdi ne nyAyadarzana saMmata anumAnatraividhya kA khaNDana kiyA to vaha apane pUrvAcAryoM ke mArga se kisI bhI prakAra viruddha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| para zvetAMbarIya paramparA kI bAta dUsarI hai| abhayadeva Adi zvetAmbarIya tArkika jinhoMne nyAyadarzana saMmata anumAnatraividhya kA khaNDana kiyA, ve to anumAnaviSya ke pakSapAtI AryarakSita ke anugAmI the| ataeva unakA vaha khaNDana apane pUrvAcArya ke usa samarthana se spaSTayatayA mela nahIM khaataa| . AcArya hemacandra ne zAyada socA ki zvetAmbarIya tArkika akalaGka prAdi digambara tArkikoM kA anusaraNa karate hue eka svaparamparA kI asaMgati meM par3a gae haiN| isI vicAra 10 se unhoMne zAyada apanI vyAkhyA meM trividha anumAna ke khaNDana kA parityAga kiyaa| saMbhava hai isI hemacandropajJa asaMgati parihAra kA Adara upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne bhI kiyA aura apane tarkabhASA grantha meM vaidika paramparA saMmata anumAnatraividhya kA nirAsa nahIM kiyA, jaba ki hetu ke nyAyasaMmata pAJcarUpya kA nirAsa avazya kiyaa| pR0 36. paM0 17. 'bhikSavaH' nIce diyA jAnevAlA hetu aura hetvAbhAsoM kI saMkhyA kA. 15 koSThaka diGnAga ke hetucakra aura nyAyamukha ( kArikA 2 ) ke anusAra hai| diGa nAga ke prastuta mantavya ko 'pratra diGa nAgena' aisA kaha karake vAcaspati ne ( tAtparya pR0 286 ) uddhRta kiyA hai vaha isa prakAra__ "sapakSe sanasan dvedhA pakSadharmaH punasvidhA / pratyekamasapakSa ca sadasadvividhatvataH // 20 tatra yaH san sajAtIye dvedhA cAsaMstadatyaye / sa heturviparIto'smAdviruddho'nyatvanizcitaH / / " ye kArikAe~ vidyAbhUSaNa ne pramANasamuccaya ke tRtIya pariccheda kI batalAI haiM-dekhoIndian Logic. P. 248. hetu kA sapakSa aura vipakSa meM, gaNita ke siddhAnta ke anusAra jitane bhI prakAra se 25 rakhanA sambhava hai una sabhI prakAroM kA samAveza isa cakra meM kiyA gayA hai| phalata: yahI siddha hotA hai ki hetu bhinna bhinna nava hI prakAra se sapakSa aura vipakSa meM raha sakatA hai isase z2yAdaha aura kama prakAra se nhiiN| una nava prakAroM meM se sirpha do hI sat hetu haiM aura bAkI ke sAta hetvaabhaas| una sAta hetvAbhAsoM meM do to sat hetu se atyanta ulaTe hone ke kAraNa viruddha kahe jAte haiN| bAkI ke pA~ca anaikAntika-sandigdha kahe jAte haiM kyoMki unakA 30 sapakSa-vipakSa meM rahanA anizcita prakAra se hotA hai| yA to ve sapakSa meM rahakara vipakSaka deza meM-jahA~ hetu kA rahanA ucita nahIM-bhI rahate haiM yA sabhI sapakSoM meM rahakara sabhI vipakSoM meM bhI rahate haiN| athavA sifa pakSa meM hI rahakara kisI sapakSa yA vipakSa meM rahate hI nhiiN| antima sthiti meM to hetu asAdhAraNa yA avyApaka anekAntika hetvAbhAsa ho

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pR0 36. paM0 17] bhASATippaNAni / 143 jAtA hai isIlie usase koI siddhi nahIM ho paatii| agara hetu sabhI sapanoM aura sabhI vipakSa meM rahatA hai taba vaha sAdhAraNa hetvAbhAsa ho jAtA hai ata: usase bhI koI siddhi nahIM ho paatii| uparokta do sAdhAraNa aura asAdhAraNa hetvAbhAso kA prayoga vyavahAra meM virala hai phira bhI unakA saiddhAntika mahattva kama nahIM hai kyoMki ve hetvAbhAsa kI do antima sImA ke nidarzaka haiM aura una donoM avasthAoM ke bIca hI kahIM hameM sat hetu mila 5 sakatA hai| bAkI ke tIna anaikAntika bacate haiM aura asala meM ye tIna hI anaikAntika nAma ke yogya haiM kyoMki ye tIna hI aise haiM jo sapakSa meM rahakara bhI yA to sabhI vipakSoM meM rahate haiM yA kucha vipakSoM meN| - isa taraha hetu kI sapakSa aura vipakSa meM bhinna bhinna nava avasthitiyoM ke AdhAra para do sat hetu hoMge, do viruddha hetvAbhAsa hoMge, do antima do sImA ko dikhAnevAle sAdhA- 10 raNa aura asAdhAraNa hetvAbhAsa hoMge aura bAkI ke tIna vipakSa meM bhI rahane ke kAraNa anekAntika hoNge| dekho-Buddhist Logic. Vol I. P. 321-323. ( koSThaka ke liye dekho pR0 144)

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14 pramANamImAMsAyAH ... anaikAntika ... 1)... - sat hetu sarvasapakSavRtti sarvasapakSavRtti aura sarvasapakSavRtti ... ....... anekAntika... sAdhAraNa aura . aura ... vipakSakadezavRtti vyabhicAro sarvavipakSavRtti vipakSAvRtti / sapakSAvRtti sapakSAvRtti sapakSAvRtti ' aura sarvavipakSavRtti viruddha viruddha aura __ aura asAdhAraNa hai viruddha vipakSa kadezavRtti vipakSAvRtti "sapakSakadezavRtti ... sapakSa kadezavRtti sapakSakadezavRtti aura vyabhicArI vyabhicArI aura aura sarvavipakSavRtti vipakSa kadezavRtti __... ..... anaikAntika ...) vipakSAvRtti sat hetu ...anaikAntika ....... ...

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// pramANamImAMsAyAH pariziSTAni //

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1. pramANamImAMsAyAH sUtrapAThaH / atha pramANamImAMsA // 1 // | sparzarasagandharUpazabdagrahaNalakSaNAni sparzanarasasamyagarthanirNayaH pramANam // 2 // __ naghrANacakSuHzrotrANIndriyANi dravyabhAvasvanirNayaH sannapyalakSaNam , apramANe'pi / bhedAni // 21 // bhAvAt // 3 // dravyendriyaM niyatAkArAH pudgalAH // 22 // grahISyamANagrAhiNa iva gRhItagrAhiNo'pi bhAvendriyaM labdhyupayogau // 23 // nAprAmANyam // 4 // sarvArthagrahaNaM manaH // 24 // anubhayatrobhayakoTisparzI pratyayaH saMzayaH // 5 // | nArthAloko jJAnasya nimittamavyatirekAt // 25 // vizeSAnullekhyanadhyavasAyaH // 6 // akSArthayoge darzanAnantaramarthagrahaNamavagrahaH // 26 // atasmiMstadeveti viparyayaH // 7 // avagRhItavizeSAkAGkSaNamIhA // 27 // prAmANyanizcayaH svataH parato vA // 8 // iihitvishessnirnnyo'vaayH|| 28 // pramANaM dvidhA // 9 // smRtiheturdhAraNA // 29 // pratyakSaM parokSaM ca // 10 // pramANasya viSayo dravyaparyAyAtmakaM vastu // 30 // vyavasthAnyadhIniSedhAnAM siddheH pratyakSatarapramANa- | arthakriyAsAmarthyAt // 31 // siddhiH // 11 // tallakSaNatvAdvastunaH // 32 // bhAvAbhAvAtmakatvAdvastuno nirvissyo'bhaavH||12|| pUrvottarAkAraparihArasvIkArasthitilakSaNapariNAmevizadaH pratyakSam // 13 // nAsyArthakriyopapattiH // 33 // pramANAntarAnapekSedantayA pratibhAso vA vaiza phalamarthaprakAzaH // 34 // dyam // 14 // / karmasthA kriyA // 35 // tat sarvathAvaraNavilaye cetanasya svarUpAvirbhAvo kartRsthA pramANam // 36 // mukhyaM kevalam // 15 // tasyAM satyAmarthaprakAzasiddheH // 37 // prjnyaatishyvishraantyaadisiddhestsiddhiH|| 16 // ajJAnanivRttirvA // 38 // bAdhakAbhAvAca // 17 // avagrahAdInAM vA kramopajanadharmANAM pUrva pUrva tattAratamye'vadhimanaHparyAyau ca // 18 // pramANamuttaramuttaraM phalam // 39 // vizuddhikSetrasvAmiviSayabhedAt tadbhedaH // 19 // | hAnAdibuddhayo vA // 40 // indriyamanonimitto'vagrahehAvAyadhAraNAtmA sAM- | pramANAdbhinAbhinnam // 41 // - vyavahArikam // 20 // | svaparAbhAsI pariNAmyAtmA pramAtA // 42 // ityAcAryazrIhemacandraviracitAyAM pramANamImAMsAyAM prathamasyAdhyAyasya prathamamAtikam -tA-mU0 // avizadaH parokSam // 1 // | upalambhAnupalambhanimittaM vyAptijJAnam UhaH // 5 // smRtipratyabhijJAnohAnumAnAgamAstadvidhayaH // 2 // | vyAptiApakasya vyApye sati bhAva eva vyAvAsanodbodhahetukA tadityAkArA smRtiH // 3 // | pyasya vA tatraiva bhAvaH // 6 // darzanasmaraNasambhavaM tadevedaM tatsadRzaM tadvilakSaNaM | sAdhanAtsAdhyavijJAnam anumAnam // 7 // tatpratiyogItyAdisaGkalanaM pratyabhijJAnam // 4 // | tat dvidhA svArtha parArtha ca // 8 //

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1. pramANamImAMsAyAH sUtrapAThaH / sAdhanAt sAdhyajJAnam // 9 // sahakramabhAvinoH sahakramabhAvaniyamo 'vinA svArtha svanizcitasAdhyAvinAbhAvaikalakSaNAt | dharmI pramANasiddhaH // 16 // buddhisiddho'pi // 17 // na dRSTAnto'numAnAGgam // 18 // sAdhanamAtrAt tatsiddheH // 19 // sa vyAptidarzanabhUmiH // 20 // sa sAdharmyavaidharmyAbhyAM dvedhA // 21 // sAdhanadharmaprayuktasAdhyadharmayogI sAdharmya bhAvaH // 10 // UhAt tannizvayaH // 11 // svabhAvaH kAraNaM kAryamekArthasamavAyi virodhi ceti paJcadhA sAdhanam // 12 // siSAdhayiSitamasiddhamabAdhyaM sAdhyaM pakSaH // 13 // pratyakSAnumAnAgamalokasvavacanapratItayo bAdhAH 14 sAdhyaM sAdhyadharmaviziSTo gharmI, kvacittu sAdhyadharmanivRttiprayuktasAdhanadharmanivRtti yogI vaidharmyadRSTAntaH // 23 // dRSTAntaH // 22 // dharmaH // 15 // ityAcArya zrI hemacandraviracitAyAM pramANamImAMsAyAM prathamasyAdhyAyasya dvitIyamAhnikam / tA mU0 // yathoktasAdhanAbhidhAnajaH parArtham // 1 // vacanamupacArAt // 2 // tad dvedhA // 3 // tathopapattyanyathAnupapattibhedAt // 4 // nAnayostAtparye bhedaH // 5 // ata eva nobhayoH prayogaH || 6 || viSayopadarzanArthaM tu pratijJA // 7 // gamyamAnatve'pi sAdhyadharmAdhArasandehApanodAya dharmiNi pakSadharmopasaMhAravat tadupapattiH // 8 // etAvAn prekSaprayogaH // 9 // bodhyAnurodhAt pratijJAhetUdAharaNopanayanigamanAni paJcApi // 10 // sAdhyanirdezaH pratijJA // 11 // sAdhanatvAbhivyaJjakavibhaktyantaM sAdhanavacanaM hetuH // 12 // dRSTAntavacanamudAharaNam // 13 // dharmiNi sAdhanasyopasaMhAra upanayaH || 14 || sAdhyasya nigamanam // 15 // asiddhaviruddhAnaikAntikAstrayo hetvAbhAsAH // 16 nAsannanizcitasattvo vA'nyathAnupapanna iti // satvasyAsiddhau sandehe vA'siddhaH ||17|| vAdiprativAdyubhayabhedAccaitadbhedaH // 18 // vizeSyAsiddhAdInAmeSvevAntarbhAvaH // 19 // viparIta niyamonyathaivopapadyamAno viruddhH||20|| niyamasyAsiddhau sandehe vA'nyathApyupapadyamAno'naikAntikaH // 21 // sAdharmyavaidharmyAbhyAmaSTAvaSTau dRSTAntAbhAsAH // 22 // amUrtatvena nitye zabde sAdhye karmaparamANughaTAH sAdhyasAdhanobhayavikalAH // 23 // vaidharmyeNa paramANukarmAkAzAH sAdhyAdyavyatirekiNaH // 24 // vacanAdrAge rAgAnmaraNadharma kiJcijjJatvayoH sandigdhasAdhyAdyanvayavyatirekA rathyApuru vadanaM vAdaH // 30 // svapakSasya siddhirjayaH // 31 // asiddhiH parAjayaH // 32 // sa nigraho vAdiprativAdinoH // 33 // na vipratipattyapratipattimAtram // 34 // sAdhanAGgavacanamadoSodbhAvane // 35 // ityAcArya zrI hemacandraviracitAyAM pramANamImAMsAyAM dvitIyasyAdhyAyasya kiyanti sUtrANi - saM mU0 // SAdayaH / / 25 // viparItAnvayavyatirekau // 26 // apradarzitAnvayavyatirekau // 27 // sAdhanadoSodbhAvanaM dUSaNam // 28 // abhUtadoSodbhAvanAni dUSaNAbhAsA jAtyuttarANi 29 tattvasaMrakSaNArthaM prAznikAdisamakSaM sAdhanadUSaNa

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2. pramANamImAMsAyAH sUtrANAM tulanA / 1.1.2 parI 0 1.1 / pramANana0 1.2 / 1.1.5. laghI 0 svavi0 1.4 / pramANana0 1.12 / 1.1.6 pramANana 0 1.14 / 1.1.7 pramANana 0 1.10 / 1.1.8 parI0 1.13 / pramANana0 1.21 / 1.1.9-10 parI0 2.1 2 / pramANana02.1 / 1.1.11 parI0 6.56 / 1.1.13 nyAyA 0 4 / laghI0 1.3 / parI0 2. 3 / pramANana 0 2.2 / 1.1.14 laghI 0 1.4 / parI0 2.4 / pramANana0 2.3 / 1.1.15 nyAyA0 27 / parI0 2.11 / 1.1.16 yogabhA0 1.25 / 1.1.17 laghI 0 svavi0 1.4 / 1.1.18 pramANana 0 2.20-22 / 1.1.19. tattvArtha0 1.26 / 1.1.20 tattvArtha0 1.14-15 / laghI 0 1.5,6 / parI0 2.5 / pramANana0 2.5,6 / 1.1.21 nyAyasU0 1.1.12,14 / tattvArtha0 2.20,21 // 1.1.22 tattvArtha 0 2.17 / 1.1.23 tattvArtha 2.18 / 1.1.24 nyAyabhA0 1.1.9 / 1.1.25 laghI0 6.3-7 / laghI0 svavi0 6.5,7 / parI0 2.6 / 1.1.26-29 laghI0 1.5, 6 / pramANana 0 2.7-10 / 1.1.27 laghI0 svavi0 1.5 / 1.1.28 laghI0 svavi0 1.5 / 1.1.29 laghI0 svavi0 1.6 / 1.1.30 nyAyA0 29 / laghI0 2.1 / parI0 4.1 / pramANana0 5.1 / 1.1.31-32 nyAyavi0 1.15 / 1.1.33 parI0 4.2 / pramANana0 5.2 / 1.1.34 nyAyavi0 1.19 / tattvasaM 0 kA0 1344 / 1.1.37 nyAyabi0 1.21 / 1.1.38 nyAyA0 28 / AptamI0 102 / parI0 5.1 / pramANana0 6.3 / 1.1.39 laghI0 1.6 / 1.1.40 nyAyA0 28 / AptamI0 102 / parI0 5.1 / pramANana0 6.4, 5 / 1.1.41 aSTaza 0 kA 0 102 / parI0 5.2 / pramANana0 6.6 | 1.1.42 nyAyA0 31 / pramANana 7.54, 55 / 1.2.1 nyAyA0 4 / laghI0 1.3 / parI0 3.1 / pramANana0 3.1 / 1.2.2 laghI 0 3.1 / parI0 3.2 / pramANana 0 3.2 / parI0 3.3 / pramANana0 3.3 / parI0 3. 5-10 / pramANana 0 3.5,6 / 1.2.5 parI0 3.11 / pramANana0 3.7 / 1.2.6 hetubi 0 Ti0 li0 pR0 18 / 1.2.7 nyAyA0 5 / laghI0 3.3 / nyAyabi0 2.1 / parI0 3.14 / 1.2.8 nyAyabi0 2.1,2 / nyAyA0 10 / parI03. 52, 53 / pramANana 03.9 / 1.2.9 nyAyabi0 2.3 / nyAyA0 5 / laghI0 3.3 / parI0 3.14,54 / pramANana0 3.10 / 1.2.10 parI0 3.16-18 / 1.2.3 1.2.4

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5 . 2. pramANamImAMsAyAH sUtrANAM tulnaa| 1.2.11 nyAyabi0 2.159 / parI0 3.19 / / 2.1.14 parI0 3.50 / prmaannn03.47|| 1.2.12. vai0 sU0 9.2.1 / 2.1.15 parI0 3.51 / pramANana0 3.48 1.2.13 nyAyabi0 3.40 / nyAyA0 14 / / 2.1.16 nyAyapra0 pR0 3 / parI0 6.21 / nyAyavi0 2.3 / parI0 3.20 / pramANana0 6.47 / pramANana0 3.14 / 2.1.17 nyAyA0 23 / parI0 6.22-28 / 1.2.14 nyAyabi0 3.50 nyAyA0 14 / / pramANana0 6.48 / parI0 6.15 / pramANana0 6.40 / 2.1.18 nyAyabi0 3.58 / pramANana0 1.2.15 nyAyavi0 2.8 / parI0 3.25, 2.1.19 prameyaka0 pR0 191 A paM0 10 26,32 / pramANana0 3.18-20 / 2.1.20 nyAyA0 23 / parI0 6.29 / 1.2.16-17 parI0 3.27-31 / pramA pramANana0 6.52 / / Nana0 3.21,22 2.1.21 nyAyabi0 6.95 / nyAyA0 23 1.2.18-19 nyAyabi0 3.122,123 / parI0 6.30-34 / pramANana0 parI0 3.37-43 / pramANana0 6.54-57 / 3.28,34-38 / 2.1.23 nyAyabi0 3.125 / parI0 6. 1.2.20 pramANana0 3.43 / 40,41 / pramANana0 6.60-62 / 1.2.21 parI0 3.47 / pramANana0 3.44 / 2.1.24 nyAyabi0 3.130 / parI0 6. 1.2.22 nyAyA0 18 / parI 3.48 / / 44 / pramANana0 6.71-73 / pramANana0 3.45 / 1.2.23 nyAyA0 19 / parI0 3.49 / / 2.1.25 nyAyabi0 3.126,131-133 / pramANana0 46 / pramANana0 6.63-65, 74-76 / 2.1.1-2 nyAyA0 10,13 / nyAyabi0 2.1.26 nyAyabi0 3.128,136 / parI0 3.1,2 / parI0 3.55,56 6.42,45 / pramANana0 3.68,79 pramANana03.2.3 / 2.1.27 nyAyabi0 3.127,135 / pramA2.1.3-6 nyAyA0 17 / nyAyabi0 Nana0 6.67,78 / 3.3-7 / parI0 3.94-97 2.1.28 nyAyapra0 pR0 8 / nyAyabi0 pramANana03.29-33 3.138,139 / 2.1.5 nyAyabi0 3.6 / / 2.1.29 nyAyapra0 pR0 8 / nyAyabi0 2.1.6 pramANana0 3.33 3.140,141 nyAyavi0 2.202 / 2.1.7-8 nyAyA0 14 / parI0 3.34- 2.1.30 pramANasaM0 pri06| nyAyavi0 36,98 / pramANana0 3.24-25 2.212 / pramANana0 8.1 / 2.1.9 parI 3.37 / pramANana0 3.28 / / 2.1.31-33 tttvaarthshlo0pR0281.pN02| 2.1.10 parI0 3.46 / pramANana0 3.42 / 2.1.34 tattvArthazlo0 pR0 283 zlo0 * 2.1.11 nyAyasU0 1.1.33 / / 99 se| 2.1.12 nyAyasAra pR0 5 / | 2.1.35 nyAyavi0 2.208 / tattvArtha2.1.13 nyAyasAra pR0 12 / zlo0 pR0 281 zlo0 62 se|

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3. pramANamImAMsAgatAnAM vizeSanAmnAM suucii| [a] akalaGka 1.11 pANini 1.6 akSapAda 1. 6, 52. 18,59. 26.72. 9 . pAramarSa 25. 4 aGgAramardaka 18.16 piGgala 1.6 advaitavAdin 40. 7 pramANaparIkSA 2. 17 arhat 1.2, 12. 19 pramANamImAMsA 1.17 prAbhAkara 7. 12 IzvarakRSNa 24. 17 baukhU55.1. brahma 12. 31 ekAntaparAbhAsivAdina 31. 25 ekAntabhinnAbhinnaphalavAdin 31. 7 bhaTTa 36. 9,54. 22 ekAntasvAbhAsivAdin 31. 25 bhadrabAhu 52. 20 - [au ] bhATTa 7.12 bhaulUkya 27. 26 bhASyakAra 22.9 [ka] bhASyakArIya 66.1 kaNAda 1.6 bhikSu 39.17 kapila 55. 22,23 [ma) mahezvara 12.3 // kANAda 27. 14,25. 6 mImAMsaka 52.5 kAvyAnuzAsana 1.20 kumArila 12.30 yauga 25. 6, 28. 13, 37. 20 [la] cArvAka 7. 10, 7. 20 lokAyatika 7. 25 [cha] vAcaka 19.15 chandonuzAsana 1. 20 vAcakamukhya 1. 9,2.15, 19. 12, 25. 3 [ja] vAcaspati 22. 24 jaina 1. 4, 5 vArtikakAra 66.11 jaimini 14. 17 viSNu 12.31 jaiminIya 23.16 vRddhasAMkhya 24. 13 [ta] vaizeSika 7.10,37. 15,45. 22 tattvArthasUtrANi 1... [ za] trilocana 22. 24 zabdAnuzAsana 1.20.2.1 [sa] [dha ] sAMkhya 7. 15; 17. 19,52. 5, 10,55. 7 dharmakIrti 1. 118. 16, 72. 12 siddhasena 25. 7 [na] saugata 6. 26, 7. 14,8. 22; 22. 20,23. naiyAyika 6. 16, 7. 11922. 21, 22, 41.1; 8,28. 12, 33. 13, 40. 23, 46.21% 43. 19, 52.6 52. 11372. 9, 23 nyAyavAdin 42. 24,43. 6,44. 13 syAdvAda 30.9 nyAyavid 21. 23 / | syAdvAdin 28. 2 1. asminpariziSTe sthUlAGkAH pRSThasUcakAH sUkSmAzca pngktisuuckaaH|

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4. pramANamImAMsAgatAnAM pAribhASikazabdAnAM suucii| anaikAntika 39. 16,54. 3,56.17 akRtAbhyAgama 32. 3 antayApti 2. 25, 48. 15 akSa (indriya)7. 16 anyathAnupapatti 49. 23 akSa (jIva)7.17 anyathAnupapanna 45.11 ajJAna 71.5. anyathAnupapannatva 40.25 ajJAnanivRtti 30.12 anyonyAzraya 3. 19 ajJAnavinivartana 30. 15 anvaya 19. 29, 48. 19, 50. 10,58. 23 atiprasaGgApAdana 60.24 anvayavyatireka 9.2 ativyAti 3. 12 apakarSasamA 60.8 atIndriyArthadarzin 12.15 apasiddhAnta 72.. atha 1.17 apArthaka 68.22 adoSoddhAvana 72.10 apUrvArthanirNaya 4. 16 adhika (nigrahasthAna) 69. 29 apUrvArthavijJAna 4. 18 adhyavasAya 24. 17 apauruSeya 11. 23, 15.3 adhyAya 1.15 apratipatti 28. 9, 65. 13 anadhyavasAya 5. 13 apratibhA 71.10 ananubhASaNa 70. 26 apradarzitavyatireka 58. 25 ananvaya 59.7 apradarzitAnvaya 58. 25 / ananvayadoSa 10.1 aprayojakatva 4.8 anarthajanyatva 5.4 aprAptakAla 69. 12 anavasthA 3. 19; 28.. aprAptisamA 60.21 anityasamA 62. 6 aprApyakAritva 23. 4 bhanindriya 19. 10 abAdhitaviSayatva 41.2 anutpattisamA 61.1 abAdhya 45. 20 anupalabdhisamA 61.24 abhAva 7. 12, 8. 30 anupalambha 36.20 abhAva (doSa) 28. 22 . anubhAbyatva 3.24 abhAvAMza 9. 17. anubhUti 3.24 abhidheya 50.9. anumAna 6. 6,7. 108. 25; 11. 19; 14. | abhUtadoSodAvana 59. 20 / 23; 30. 20; 33.7, 36. 27, 38. 22 artha 3.3, 5, 10,19. 25 anumAnAGga 47.24 arthakriyA 11. 14, 25, 24 anumAnAnumeyavyavahAra 46. 20 arthakriyAnirbhAsa 5. 25, 6. 11 anumAnabAdhA 46.5 arthakriyAsAmarthya 25. 12 . anuvAda 70.10 arthakriyopapatti 29.6 anuvAdabhaGgI 23.18 arthanirNaya 3.14 anuvRttirUpa 11.12 arthapunarukta 70.12 anekAnta 18.4 arthaprakAza 29. 17, 30. 6 anekAntavAda 19.6 arthAnutpAda 5.2 11

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8 arthAntara 67. 26 arthApatti 3. 20; 7.11 arthApattisamA 61. 12 4. pramANamImAMsAgatAnAM pAribhASikazabdAnAM sUcI / Aloka 19. 25 AvaraNa 10. 14 AvaraNavilaya 15.5 AvirbhAva 55. 8 AzrayAsiddha 55. 18 Azrayaikadezasiddha 55. 19 Ahnika 1.15 avagraha 4. 24; 21.2; 22. 17, 30. 18 avadhi ( jJAna ) 15.4 avayava 74. 23 avarNyasamA 60. 13 avAya 21. 28; 30. 20 avikalpaka 5. 15; 6. 27, 21. 11; 23. 14 avikalpakatva 3. 1 avicyuti 22.9 avicAra ( dhyAna ) 10.16 avijJAtArthaM 68. 13 avinAbhAva 41.12 avinAbhAvagrahaNa 48.1 avinAbhAvaniyama 40. 11 avizada 33. 3 avizeSasamA 61.15 bhavisaMvAditva 33. 23 avisaMvAdin 6. 26 avyatireka 59.7 avyApti 3. 12 asatpratipakSatva 41.2 asaMbhava 3. 12 asaMyata 15.23 asamartha 25. 28 asAdhanAGgavacana 72. 10 asAdhAraNa 39. 21 asAdhAraNatva 42.7 asiddha ( hetvAbhAsa) 39. 16; 54. 3; 17 asiddha 45. 20 asiddhi 65.3 ahetu 54. 4 ahetusamA 61.8 [ A ] AkSepa 67. 25 Agama 7, 10 8. 25; 11.20 15. 1; 33. 7. AgamabAdhA 46. 6 Atman 10, 21; 31.21 AtmasaMvedana 8. 24. AtmArtha 45. 24 Ananda 1. 1 anumAnika 15.12 itaretarAzraya 3. 21 indra (Atman ) 16.21 indriya 16. 18, 36.1 indriyaja 8. 24 [ 6 ] [ I ] IhA 4. 24; 21.15; 30. 20 utkarSasamA 60.8 udAharaNa 48. 13; 52.16; 53.6 udAharaNadoSa 57. 10 uddeza 2. 7 uddharaNa 65. 16 upakAra 26. 4 [=] upakAryopakArakabhAva 26. 12 upacAra 49. 9; 15; upacAracchala 63. 1 upanaya 52. 16; 53. 13 upapattisamA 61.17. upamAna 7. 11; 35.5 upayoga (bhAvendriya) 18. 19 upastha 17, 18 upalabdhisamA 61.20 upalambha 36. 20 upasaMhAra 53. 13 upAdAnabhAva 27. 6 upAlambha 63, 24 ubhayavikala 57. 15 ubhayasiddha 47. 19. ubhayAvyatirekin 57. 22 ubhayAvyAvRtta 57. 24 ubhayAsiddha 55. 10 UhApoha 37. 15 UrdhvatA sAmAnya 25.1 [ ] Uha 8. 25, 21. 21, 30, 20, 33. 7; 36. 20, 41. 24

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4. pramANamImAMsAgatAnAM pAribhASikazabdAnAM suucii| [e] [ ] ekatvavitarka (dhyAna) 10.16 cakSuSa 16.17 ekArthasamavAya 45.3 caturaGga 74.27 ekAryasamavAyitva 44. 22 caturaGgA 63. 14 ekArthasamavAyin 42.1 [ au] chala 62.22 aupacArika (anumAna ) 49. 14. [ja] janyajanakabhAva 20.9 kathacinedAbhedavAda 28.2 jaya 64.26 kathA 63.14 jalpa 63. 2130 karaNa 6.10 jAti 60.1 kalpanA 23.9 jAtivAdin 60.27 kAyapramANatA 32. 17 jAtyuttara 59. 20 kAraNa 34.442. 122 jJAna 1.. kAraNAnupalabdhi 45. 13 jJAnaprabandha 4.6 kArya 42.143. 18 jJAnAvaraNa 10.17, 19.27 kAryakAraNabhAva 44. 25 kAryasamA 62. 11 DiNDikarAga 51. 19 kAryAnupalabdhi 45. 14 DimbhahevAka 8. 12 kAlakrama 26. 22 kAlAtIta 54.7 tattvasaMrakSaNa 63.6 kAlAtyayApadiSTa 54.9 tathopapatti 49. 23 kUTasthanityatA 11.11 kRtanAza 32.3 tadAkAratA 20.17 kevala 10.14, 20, 13. 7 tadutpatti 20.17 kevalajJAna 12.2 tarka 37.20, 41.25 kramamAvaniyama 41. 12 tAtparya 50.6 kramabhAvin 41. 12 tAdAlya 27. 22 kriyA 29. 26 tAyin 1.2 kSaNabhaGgavAda 27.2 tirobhAva 55.8 kSaNika 27. 4 trairUpya 40.9 kSAyopazamikatva 15. 15 lakSaNya 39.17 kSINakaSAya 15. 24 [ga] darzana 1. 1. 21.2 gati 15.23 dUSaNa 59. 15, 63. 6 guNapratyaya 15.9 dUSaNavAkya 68.12 guNasthAnaka 15.25 dUSaNavAdin 73. 27 gRhItagrAhin 4. 19 dUSaNA 59. 18 grahISyamANagrAhin 4. 19 dUSaNAbhAsa 59.20 grAhyagrAhakabhAva 20.10 dRSTa 24.17 [gha ] dRSTAnta 47. 24, 48. 3, ghAtikarman 10.17, 13. 7 dRSTAntadoSa 57.10 ghrANa 16.17 | dRSTAntavacana 53.6

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[dha] 4. pramANamImAMsAgatAnAM pAribhASikazabdAMnA suucii| dRSTAntAbhAsa 57.9 pakSadoSa 54.8 dRSTAntAbhidhAna 48. 13 pakSadharmatA 40. 19 dezakrama 26.22 pakSadharmasva 39. 16, 54. 21, doSa 59. 16 pakSadharmopasaMhAra 51. 22, 72. 24 draviDamaNDakabhakSaNanyAya 33. 10 pakSavipakSabyApaka 56. 7, 10 dravya 4. 20,24. 30,27. 15 pakSavipakSavyApakasapakSakadezavRtti 57. 1 dravya (indriya) 16.18 pakSavipakSakadezavRtti 56.9, 13 dravyaparyAyAtmakatva 24.26 pakSavipakSaikadezavRttisapakSavyApin 57. 4 dravyaparyAyAtmaka 28.1 pakSavyApakavipakSakadezavRtti 56.75 dravyamanas 19.17 pakSavyApakasapakSavipakSaikadezavRtti 57.2 dravyAcArya 18. 16 pakSasapakSavyApakavipakSakadezavRtti 57. " dravyArthAdeza 17. 22 pakSasapakSakadezavRttivipakSavyApin 57. 5 dravyendriya 18.11 pakSakadezavRttivipakSavyApaka 56.8, 12 dravyaikarUpa 25. 24 pakSakadevRttisapakSavipakSavyApaka 57.3 dravyaikAnta 26. 19 pakSakadezAsiddha 39. 19 paJcalakSaNakatva 41.1 dharma 46. 12 patra 74.27 dharmatIrtha 1.2 pada 1.14 dharmadharminyAya 46. 21 parapakSa 64.3 dharmin 46. 12; 18 paramArthasat 25. 3 dhAraNA 22.1,30. 20 parAjaya 65.3 dhArAvAhijJAna 4. 16; 21 / parAjayAdhikaraNa 72, 9 [na] parArtha 39.1,45. 24,49. 2 nAmakarma 16. 21 pariNAmin 31. 21 nigamana 52. 16,53. 1770. 14 pariNAminitya 11.17 nigraha 65.8 parIkSA 2.11 nigrahasthAna 66. 21 parokSa 7. 16; 208.25,9.1,33.3 nityasamA 62.1 paryanuyojyopekSaNa 71. 21 niranuyojyAnuyoga 71. 27 paryAya 4.20, 11. 12, 25. 2,27. 15 nirarthaka 68.5 paryAyArthAdeza 17. 22 nirNaya 3.1,7.4 paryAyakAnta 27. 13 nirvikalpa 23. 13 paryAyakAntarUpa 26.20 niSedha 42.3 paryAyakAntavAda 26. 27 niSedhasAdhanatva 45.9 paryudAsa 74. 19 noindriya 19.10 pANi 17.18 nodanA 12.8 pAda 17.18 nyAya 45. 27 pudgala 18." nyUna 69. 24, 74. 25 punarukta51.1870... [pa] prakaraNa 1.14 pakSa 45. 20, 66.12 prakaraNasama 54.7; 10 pakSatrayabyApaka 56. 22 prakaraNasamA 61.6 pakSatrayaikadezavRtti 57.6 prakAzya 50.9

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11 4. pramANamImAMsAgatAnAM pAribhASikazabdAnAM suucii| prakAzyaprakAzakabhAva 20.16 prAmANyanizcaya 6.1 . prajJA 11.29 prAznika 63. 6, 13 pratikSaNavinAzin 26. 20 prekSaprayoga 52.8 pratijJA 50.24,52, 16, 24 pratijJAntara 66.21 phala 29. 17, 30. 19 pratijJAvirodha 67.9 [va] pratijJAsaMnyAsa 67. 16 pratijJAhAni 65. 27 bahirvyApti 48. 14 pratidRSTAnta 65. 27 bAdhakapramANa 42.5 bAghA 41.846. 2 pratidRSTAntasamA 60.26 pratipakSa 66.13 buddhisiddha 47.2 pratiyogin 9. 14 buddhyArUDha 46.20 bodhibIja 1.3 prativAdina 55. 4, 63.8, 65. 8 prativAdyasiddha 55. 24 bodhya 52. 16 pratisaMkhyAna 21. 12 brahma 13. 13, 14.. pratisamAdhAna 62. 17 pratItibAdhA 46. 9 bhagavat 14.4 pratyakSa 6.9, 7. 10, 11, 19, 22, 8. 25, 9. | bhavapratyaya (avadhijJAna) 15. 9 2,26; 11.18, 14. 10, 22. 23, | bhAgAsiddha 55. 17 23.4, 17, 24. 5, 13; 35. 35, 25; bhAva ( indriya) 16. 18 36. 24 bhAvamanasa 19.18 pratyakSabAdhA 46.3 bhAvAMza 9. 13 pratyakSAbhAsa 53.26 bhAvendra 18. 23 pratyakSetarapramANa 7.26 bhAvendriya 4. 2, 3, 18. 19 pratyabhijJAna 8.25, 30.20,33. 7,34. 12 [ma ] pratyavasthAna 59. 25 maGgala 2. 24 pratyAsatti 17.27 mati 19. 14 pradhAna 55.18 matAnujJA 71. 16 pramatta (guNasthAna) 15.24 manaHparyAya 15. 4 pramANa 2. 5, 2073.14; 154. 176,16, manas 15. 11; 19. . 25, 26, 7.7, 30. 18 manaskAra 19. 22 pramANaphalabhAva 30. 9 pramANasamplava 70.. mAnasa 8. 24, 9.15 mImAMsA 2.6 pramANasiddha 46. 10 mImAMsA (zabda) 2. 12, 10 pramANAbhAsa 53. 25 mukhya 15.3 pramAtA 31.21 mukhya (pratyakSa ) 10.14 prayoga 50.15 [ya] prayogakAla 46. 14 prasaGgasamA 60.25 yAcitakamaNDananyAya 6.29 prasajyapratiSedha 74.10 yogijJAna 8. 25, 34. 5. prAptisamA 60.21 yogin 20. 3 prApyakArin 23.5 yogipratyakSa 12. 25

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[va] 12 4. pramANamImAMsAgatAnAM pAribhASikazabdAnAM suucii| [ ] viruddhadharmAdhyAsa 22.67 rasana 16.17 virodha 3. 26, 28.3 rUpa 19.22 virodhin 42. " vivartta 25.3 vizada 9.26 lakSaNa 2.8 vizeSaNavizeSyabhAva 26. 12 lakSaNArtha 2. 22 vizeSaNAsiddha 55. 16 labdhi 18. 19 vizeSalakSaNa 2.8,9 liGga 38. 19, 39. 13 vizeSyAsiddha 55. 14 liGgin 38. 19 viSaya 24. 26; 34, 5 lokabAdhA 46. 7 viSayavyavasthA 28.9 viSayopadarzana 50.24 vIrya 1.. varNyasamA 60.13 . vIryAntarAya 17.. vardhamAnapariNAma 15. 25 vRtti 24. 13 vastu 8.30, 24.16, 25. 16 veda 12. 10 vAka 17. 18 vaitaNDika 64.3 vAkchala 62. 25 vaidhayaM 48. 18,57. 9 vAcakatva 50.9 vaidhayaMdRSTAnta 48.27 vAda 63. 7, 25 vaidhaya'dRSTAntAbhAsa 57. 25 vAdina 55, 4, 63.865. 8 vaidhaya'samA 60.4 vAdyasiddha 55, 6 vaidhayodAharaNa 53. 10 vAyasasadasaddazanaparIkSA 23. 3 vaiyadhikaraNya 28 4 vAsanA 33.7 vaizaya 10.6 vAsanoddhodha 33. 16 vyatikara 28.8 vikalpa 6. 29, 7.1,21. 12; 37. 7 vyatireka 20.1748 19, 50. 10,58. 21 vikalpabuddhi 46. 22,47. 3 vyatirekin 9. 30 vikalpasamA 60.16 vyabhicAra 311 vikSepa 71.12 vyarthavizeSaNAsiddha 55. 20 vitaNDA 63. 21,64. 1 vyarthavizeSyAsiddha 55. 19 vidhi 11.27, 42. 3 vyavasthApyavyavasthApakabhAva 30.8 vidhisAdhanatA 45.9 vyApaka 38.3 vipakSavyAvRtti 10.3 vyApekadharmatA 38 5 vipakSakadezavRtti 40.4 vyApakAnupalabdhi 45. 15 viparItaniyama 55. 27 vyApti 38.3 viparItavyatireka 58. 16 vyAptigrahaNakAla 46. 15 viparItAnvaya 58. 1 vyAptijJAna 36. 20 viparyaya 5.17 gyAptidarzanabhUmi 48.9 vipratipatti 34. 6, 65. 13 vyAptismaraNa 48. 1 vibhAga 2.9 vyAptyupadarzana 50.18 viruddha 39. 16, 45. 16, 54. 3, 55. 27 vyApya 38.3 viruddhakArya 45, 16 vyApyadharmatA 38.11

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4. pramANamImAMsAgatAnAM pAribhASikazabdAnAM suucii| . 13 [za] sandigdhasAdhyAdivyatireka 58. 2 zabda ( pramANa)8.23 sandigdhasAdhyAdyanvaya 58 2 zabdapunarukta 70.11 sandigdhAnvaya 40.2 zabdArtha 50 8 sandigdhAsiddha 39. 22:54. 26 zAbda 6. 13 sandigdhobhayadharmAnvaya 58. 8 zAstra 12.15 sandigdhobhayavyatireka 58. 12 zAsana 12. 22 sandigdhobhayavyAvRtti 59 5 zikhaNDin 23. 15 sanikarSa 22.3 / zukladhyAna 13.7 sapakSa 10.2 zuddhi 52. 2053. 21 sapakSAvyApin 39. 25 zrata 19.12 sabhya 63.71 zrotra 16.18 samavasaraNa 13.8 . [sa] samavAya 268 samavAyin 44. 22 saMyata 15. 23 samAdhAna 67. 25 saMyatAsaMyata 15. 23 sambhava 3.11 saMyuktasaMyoga (satrikarSa) 23. 6 samyaktva 12. 21 saMyoga 26.7 samyag 3.9 . saMvAdaka 6.10 samyaguttara 62. 20 saMvit 4.3, 6,7 sarvajJa 12. 32; 14. 23 saMvyavahAra 16.8 sarvajJatA 12. 19 saMzaya 5. 7; 28.9 savikalpaka 23.14 saMzayasamA 61.3 sahakramabhAvaniyama 41. 12 saMzayAdyAbhAsa 53. 26 sahakArin 25. 27 saMskAra 22.25 sahakAribhAva 27.9 sakalArthadarzin 14. 18 sahabhAvin 41. 12 saGkara 28.7 sAMvyavahArika 6.27, 16.3 saGkalana 34. 12 sAdhana 38.22,42. 2, 47. 27 sat 25. 4 sAdhana (parArthAnumAna)59. 15, 63. 6; 24 sattAyoga 27. 19 sAdhanatva 52. 29 satva 27.17 sAdhanadoSa 54.4 santAna 26.25, 27.1 sAdhanadoSodbhAvana 59. 15 sabhApati 63.14 sAdhanadharma 53.14 sandigdhavipakSavyAvRttika 14.30,40.8 sAdhanavacana 52. 29 sandigdhavizeSaNAsiddha 55. 22 sAdhanavAdin 73. 27 sandigdhavizeSyAsiddha 55.23 sAdhanavikala 57. 15 sandigdhasAdhanadharmAnvaya 58. 7 sAdhanavAkya 68. 12 sandigdhasAdhanavyatireka 58.11 sAdhanAbhAsa 65. 5 sandigdhasAdhanavyAvRtti 59. 5 sAdhanAbhidhAna 49.2 sandigdhasAdhyadharmAnvaya 58. 6 sAdhanAvyatirekin 57.21 sandigdhasAdhyavyatireka 58. 10 sAdhanAcyAvRtta 57. 23 sandigdhasAdhyavyAvRtti 59.4 sAdhaya 48. 18; 57.9

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14 . 4. pramANamImAMsAgatAnAM pAribhASikazabdAnAM suucii| sAdhamyadRSTAnta 48.22 sparzana 16.17 sAdharmyadRSTAntAbhAsa 57. 19 sphuTatva 10.5 sAdharmyaprayoga 60.2 smaraNa 35. 16 sAdharmyasamA 60.1 smRti 5.178.25, 22.1930. 20; sAdhodAharaNa 53.8 33. 7; 16 sAdhAraNa 40.4 syAdvAda 12. 16 sAdhAraNAnakAntika 39.24 svanirNaya 3. 14; 4.9, 10 sAdhya 45. 20; 46. 12 svapakSa 64. 3, 26 sAdhyadharmin 53.14 svaparAbhAsin 31.21 sAdhyanirdeza 52. 24 svabhAva 42. 1; 4 sAdhyapratipatti 48.. svabhAvAnupalabdhi 45. 13 sAdhyavikala 57. 15 svarUpAsiddha 54. 19 sAdhyavijJAna 38. 22, 49.5 svavacanabAdhA 46 8 sAdhyasamA 60.18 svasaMvedana 3.27, 4.3,16. 12 sAdhyasAdhanabhAva 45.2 svArtha 39 48 sAdhyAdyavyatirekin 57. 20 sAdhyAvinAbhAva 39.8 [ ] sAdhyAvyatirekin 57. 21 hAnAdibuddhi 31.4 sAdhyAvyAvRtta 59.4 hetu 52. 11; 16; 29 sAmAnyacchala 62. 27 hetudoSatva 54.6 sAmAnyalakSaNa 2.8 hetuphalabhAva 19. 29 siddhi 64.26 hetvantara 67. 21 siSAdhayiSita 45.20 hetvAbhAsa 54.3; 72. 6 sUtra 114; 35. 14 hetvAbhAsatA 53. 27

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5. pramANamImAMsAgatAnAmavataraNAnAM suucii| [a] upannei vA vigamei vA [ ] 25. 4 agnisvabhAvaH zakrasya [pramANavA0 1.3.7 44.6 / upamAnaM prasiddhArtha-[laghI0 3.10] 35. 7 aza emapIzrApimA 0.12.16 / / [ e] athApi nityaM paramArthasantam [nyAyama0 pR0 evaM satyanuvAditvam [zlokavA0 sU0 4 zloka 464] 27.5 ___39] 23. 19 athApi vedadehatvAt tattvasaM0 kA0 3208] | ekasAmagyadhInasya [pramANavA0 1.10] 43.8 12.31 ekArthasamavAyastu [ ] 45. 3 anigrahasthAne [ nyAyasU0 5. 2. 22] 71. 27 anupalambhAt kAraNavyApakAnupalambhAJca [ katthai paJcAvayavaM [daza0ni0 50 ] 52. 21 ] 37." anyathA'nupapannatvam ] 40.25 | kArya dhUmo hutabhujaH [pramANavA0 1.35 ] 43.25 kAryavyAsaGgAt [nyAyasU0 5.2.19]71.2 apANipAdo hyamano grahItA [zvetAzva0 3.19]| kAlamasaMkhaM saMkhaM ca [vizeSA0 gA0 333] 33.18 ___ 11.24 abhilApasaMsargayogya-nyAyavi0 1.5,6] 23.9 kintvasya vinivartante [tatvasaM0 kA0 225]32.1 ayameveti yo hyaSa [glokavA* abhAva0 zlo. [ga] 15] 9.6 gatAnugatiko lokaH [ nyAyama0 pR011] 64.16 arthakriyA na yujyeta [ laghI0 2. 1] 11.14 - gambhIragarjitArambha [ nyAyama0 pR.129] 43.14 arthakriyA'samarthasya [pramANavA.1.15] 25.22 gRhItvA vastusadbhAvam [zlokavA0 abhAva0 zlo arthasyAsambhave'bhAvAt [dharmakIrti 8.20 20] 9.14 arthAdApannasya svazabdena [ nyAyasU0 5.2.15 ] 51.18 jANai bajjheNumANeNaM [vizeSAgA0 814] 15.14 arthena ghaTayatyenAm [pramANavA0 3.305]20.24 jJAnamapratighaM yasya [ ] 12. 27 arthopalabdhihetuH pramANam [ ]6.16 | jJAnAdatirikto bhAvanAkhyaH [ ] 22. 6 alpAkSaramasandigdham [ ] 35. 13 [Da] aviccuI dhAraNA hoi [vizeSA* gA0 10] DiNDikarAgaM parityajya [ hetu0 pari0.] 51.19 22.9 asAdhanAGgavacanam [vAdanyAyaH kA0] 72.13 | tattvAdhyavasAyasaMrakSaNArtham [ nyAyasU0 4. 2. [A] ___ 50] 63. 21 AdyantApekSiNI sattA [ ] 45.7 | tatrApUrvArthavijJAnam [ ]4. 18 AvartavartanAzAli-[nyAyama0 pR0 .30] 43.20 tatsaMprayoge puruSasya [ zAbarabhA0 1.1.5 ] 24.5 tathaiva nityacaitanya-[ tatvasaM.kA. 224 ] 32.8 idamalpaM mahadUram [ laghI0 3. 12 ] 35.9 trikAlaviSayaM tattvam [ siddhivi0 li. pR0 4 / 4 indriyArthasannikarSotpannam [ nyAyasU. 1.1.4] ____A] 12. 12 22. 22 . [da] duHzikSitakutarkAza-[ nyAyama0 pR.11] 64.14 utpAdavyayatrauvyayuktaM sat [tasvArtha0 5.29] dRSTazcAsAvante [ nyAyavA0 5 1.2] 66. " | dohiM vi naehiM [ sanmati0 3. 49] 25. 8

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32.4 5. pramANamImAMsAgatAnAmavataraNAnAM suucii| [dha] pramANanayairadhigamaH [ tatvArtha0 1. 6 ] 2. 13 ' dhIratyantaparokSe'rthe [siddhivi0 li. pR0 4.3 A] pramANamavisaMvAdi jJAnam [pramANavA0 2..] 12. 5 na ca kartRtvabhoktRtve [ tatvasaM* kA0 227 ] pramANasya phalaM sAkSAt [ nyAyA020] 30.15 pramANetarasAmAnya-[dharmakIrti ] 8. 18 na tAvadindriyeNaiSA [ zlokavA0 abhAva0 zlo. [ba ] 10] 9. 12 bAdhA'vinAbhAvayorvirodhAt [hetu0 pari0 4 narte tadAgamAtsidhyet [zlokavA0 sU0 2 zlo. 41.8 142] 11.2 // [bha] na smRterapramANatvam [ nyAyama0 pR0 23 ] 5. 3 | bhinnakAlaM kathaM grAhyam [pramANavA0 3. 247] nAnanukRtAnvayavyatirekam [ ] 34.4 20." nAnupalabdhe na nirNIte [ nyAyabhA0 .. 1..]| . [ma] nAsato hetutA nApi [ matizrutayornibandhaH [ taravArtha 1.27] 19.14 nAsiddhe bhAvadharmo'sti [pramANavA0 1. 192. madena mAnena manobhavena [ayoga0 25] 13.14 3147.9 [ya] nodanA hi bhUtaM bhavantam [zAbaramA0 .. 1. | yatra tatra samaye yathA tathA [ayoga0 3.] 2] 12.8 14.3 yathAheH kuNDalAvasthA [ tattvasaM0 kA0 223 ] [pa] paJcavarNa bhavedratnam [ ] 34. 22 yathoktopapannacchalajAti-[nyAyasU0 1. 2. 2] 9 payombubhedI haMsaH syAt [ ] 34. 20 63. 30 pitrozca brAhmaNatvena [ ] 54. 23 | yadIyasamyaktvabalAt pratImaH [ayoga0 21] puDhe suNei sadaM [Ava. ni05] 21.6 12. 21 puDhavI cittamantamakkhAyA [dazavai0 4.1] 17. 6 | yazcApyatizayo dRSTaH [zlokavA0 sU0 2 zlo. pUrvapramitamAtre hi [tattvasaM0 kA0 453] 35.20 114] 36.10 pratijJAhetUdAharaNa-[ nyAyasU0 1. 1. 32] | yastvanyato'pi bhavannupalabdhaH [ ] 52. 1874. 23; 44.3 pratijJAhetvovirodhaH [nyAyasU0 5. 2.4 ] 67.9 | yo yatraiva sa tatraiva [ ] 26. 23 pratidRSTAntadharmAnujJA [nyAyasU0 5. 2. 2] [ra] prativiSayAdhyavasAyo dRSTam [sAMkhyakA0 5] rUpaM yadyanvayo hetoH [ ] 44.18 rUpAlokamanaskAra-[ ] 19. 22 24. 17 pratyakSaM kalpanA'poDham [nyAyabi... 4] 23. 8 rUpiSvavadheH [sasvArtha. 1. 28] 15.7 pratyakSamanumAnaM ca [pramANasamu0 1. 2; nyAyabi. romazo danturaH zyAmaH [nyAyama0 pR. 143] 1.] 7. 14 34. 10 pratyakSAgamabAdhita-[ ] 54. 8 rolambagavalavyAla-[SaDda0 20; nyAyama0 pR0 pratyeka yo bhaveddoSaH[ . ]29.3 12943. 16 pramANaM svaparAbhAsi [ nyAyA0 .] 3. 14 / [la] pramANatarkasAdhanopAlambhaH [nyAyasU0 1. 2. liGgasyAnanvayA aSTau [ ] 59. 12 .] 63. 24 | liGga liGgI bhavatyeva [ ] 38. 19

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5. pramANamImAMsAgatAnAmavataraNAnAM suucii| [va] | samyagarthe ca saMzabdaH [ zlokavA0 sU0 4 zlo. varSAtapAbhyAM kiM vyomnaH [ ] 11.9 38, 39] 23. 26 .vahabalazevAla-[nyAyama0 pR0 130] 43. 22 sarva evAnumAnAnumeyavyavahAraH [ ] 46. 20 viduSAM vAcyo hetureva hi kevalaH [pramANavA0 sarvamasti svarUpeNa [ ] 12. 17 sAderapi na sAntatvam [ ] 42. 20 1.28] 52. 11 vipratipattirapratipattizca [ nyAyasU0 1. 2. 19] sAdhyadharmapratyanIkena nyAyabhA0 5.2.2] 66. 1 sAdhyAnuvAdAlliGgasya [ ] 58. 23 65... viruddhaM hetumudbhAvya [ ] 65. 2 sApekSamasamartham [pAta mahA.3.1.8] 25. 28 vyAptigrahaNakAle [ ] 21. 22 siddhAntamabhyupetya [ nyAyasU0 52.23 ] 72.. syAtAmatyantanAze hi [tatvasaM0kA0226] 32.12 [ za] svasamayaparasamayajJAH [ ] 63. 12 zaGkhaH kadalyAM kadalI ca [ ] 68. 27 svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmakam [parI01.1] 4. 17 zrutamanindriyasya [tasvArtha0 2. 22 19. 12 / svArthavyavasAyAtmakam [tatvArthazlo0 1.10. zrotrAdivRttiravikalpikA pratyakSam [ ] 77 ] 3. 15 24. 13 / hasati hasati svAminyuccaiH [ vAdanyAyaH pR0 [sa] 11] 70. 16 sakalapramANajyeSThaM pratyakSam [ ] 7. 22 hInamanyatamenApi nyUnam [ nyAyasU0 5.2.12 ] satsaMprayoge puruSasya [ jaimi0 1. 1.4] 23.1 74. 25 sa pratipakSasthApanAhInaH [nyAyasU012.3]641. | hetostathopapattyA vA [ nyAyA0 17 ] 50. 19 sambaddhaM vartamAnaM ca [zlokavA0 sU0 4 zlo0 85] hetvapadezAt pratijJAyAH [ nyAyasU0 1.1. 39 ] 14. 12, 35. 27 70. 14 samyaganubhavasAdhanaM pramANam [nyAyasAraH pR.1] | hetvAbhAsAzca yathoktAH [nyAyasU0 5. 2. 24 ] 6. 23 72.6

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6. bhASATippaNagata zabdoM aura viSayoM kI suucii| | anupalabdhisama ( jAti ) 114.9 anupalambha 3.30 anumAna 21.10 anumAna sarvasaMmata svArtha parArtharUpa dvaividhya 0.16 anumiti aura anumitikaraNa aise do artha akalaGka 1.11 akiJcitkara 67.10 akSa 23. 24, 24.1 akSapAda 1.7 akSigolakakRSNasAra 40.15 acajurdarzana 128. 17 ajJAtatva 1.24 ajJAnanivRtti 68.7 ajJAnavAdI 27. 26 atha 2.11 zabda ke artha ke viSaya meM mahAbhASya, zabara, vyAsa, zaGkara, vAcaspati aura hemacandra ke mantavya 2.11 atha pramANamImAMsA 1.21 isakI racanA ke AdhAra kA aitihAsika ava lokana 1. 21 adRSTArtha ( Agama) 18. 12 bhadoSodAvana 122. 16 adhigatArthaka 11. 24 anadhigata 14.5; 15 anadhyavasAya prazastapAdakRta do bheda 15. 8 hemacandra 15. 18 anadhyavasAya 126. 29 anadhyavasita ( hetvAbhAsa) 66. 18101.17 ananvaya ( dRSTAntAbhAsa ) 107. 3; 108.14 anabhyAsadazA 17.21 anavasthA 65. 15 anasUyaka 116. 27 anasUyau 116.28 anityavAda 53. 8 anityasama (jAti) 114. " bhanukti (jAti) 114. 13 anutpattisama (jAti ) 113. 30 bhanupalabdhi 83. 30 pratyakSa aura anumAna kA pUrvApara bhAba 138.4 anumAna nirUpaNa ke viSaya meM tIna yugavaidika, bauddha, navyanyAya 138. 23 vaidika paraMparA meM hI sarva prathama anumAna kA nirUpaNa 138. 26 vaizeSika aura mImAMsaka kA anumAnadvaivizya 136. 7 nyAya, sAMkhya aura caraka kA anumAnatraividhya 136. 12 jaina-Agamika paraMparA kA anumAnatraividhya 136 17 bauddhoM kA anumAnavidhya 134. 22 diGnAgakRta nayA prasthAna 140.3 jaina paraMparA para bauddhoM kA prabhAva 140. 15 bauddha-jaina aura brAhmaNa kA saMgharSa 140.22 bhAsarvajJa para bauddhoM kA asara 140. 27 gaMgezakRta nayA prasthAna aura usakA sarvazAstroM para prabhAva 141.3 jaina yazovijayajI navyanyAya ke marmajJa 141.10 hemacandra kI vizeSatA 141. 16 zvetAmbarAcAryakRta anumAna traividhyakhaNDana kI asaMgati 141. 27 hemacandakRta asaMgatiparihAra 142.8 bhanumiti 137.1138, 1 anumitikaraNa 138.1 anumeya 137. 20 anuvyavasAya 131. 13 anekAntavAda svarUpa 61. 5 sabhI darzanoM meM anekAntavAda 61.9 1 isa sUcImeM sthUlAGka "bhASATippaNAni" kA pRSTha sUcaka aura sUkSmAGka paMkti sUcaka hai|

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6. bhASATippaNagata zabdoM aura viSayoM kI suucii| 19 jainadarzana hI kyoM anekAntavAdI? 61. 12 | aprayojaka ( hetvAbhAsa ) 67. 12 jaina-bauddha kA anekAntavAda 62. 5 aprayojakatvazaGkA 77.8 jaina, mImAMsaka aura sAMkhya kA anekAntavAda aprAptisama (jAti) 113. abAdhitaviSayatva 1.14 62. 13 pahile khaNDanakAra bauddha 63. 8 abhAva (doSa) 65.11 brahmasUtragata anekAntavAdakhaNDana kisakA hai ? abhAvapramANavAda kI prAcInatA 26.1 63. 12 anekAntake Upara virodhAdi ATha doSa / kumArila aura prabhAkara kA matameda 26.5 64. 6; 65.8 abhinibodha 23. 4 doSoddhAra karanevAle akalaGka aura haribhadra 64.21 abhUta (liGga) 84.7 saptabhaGgI, syAdvAda, nayavAda aura nikSepa 64.26 abhyAsadazA 17.20 artha dekho virodhasaMzayAdidoSa nyAya-vaizeSikasammata traividhya 8. 6 anekAntavAdI 61.14 dharmottara-prabhAcandra kA dvaividhya 7 . anaikAntika devasUri-abhayadeva kA traividhya 6.9 naiyAyikoM ke savyabhicAra aura vaizeSikoM ke hemacandra 10.5 sandigdha kI tulanA 100. 14. arthApatti 2110 nyAyapraveza aura prazastapAdasaMmata saMzayajanakatva arthApattisama 114. 5 rUpaniyAmakatattva 101. 3 arthAlokakAraNatAvAda asAdhAraNa aura viruddhAvyamicArI ke saMzayajana bauddha aura naiyAyika sammata 44.12 katvakA prazastapAdakRta khaNDana 101.9 arthopalabdhihetu (pramANa ) 16. 4 prazastapAda ko dharmakIrti kA javAba 102. 10 alaukikanirvikalpaka 126. 9 jayantakRta prazastapAdakA samarthana 103.. alaukikapratyakSa 133. 4. nyAyasAra 103.6 alaukikapratyakSavAda 75. 27 jainaparamparA 103. 9 avagraha 46.4 . anaikAntika 142. 29; 33, 143. 6 bhavadhi (jJAna ) 128. 19 antaHkaraNa 40. 23 dekho mana avadhi (darzana ) 126. 12; 128. 17 anyathAnupapatti 87.8 avayava 20. 15; 64. 15 dekho nyAyavAkya anyathAnupapanatva 2.17 dekho hetu avarNyasama (jAti ) 113. 23 anyathAsiddha (hetvAbhAsa)67. 12 avAya bhanvaya 86.9 avAyazabda kI prAcInatA 46.15 apakarSasama ( jAti ) 113. 21 avAya aura apAya ke akalaGkakRta arthameda aparokSa 135.5 46..20 apAya 46. 17 dekho avAya avikalpa 16. 21 apUrva 12. 6; 13. 12; 14.10 avikalpaka 126. 26 apauruSeyatva 18.19,132. 16 avidhyuti 47. 11 dekho dhAraNA apauruSeyavedavAdI 28.4 avidyAnAza 66.11 apratipatti ( doSa ) 65. 15 avinAbhAva 78.25 dekho vyApti apratipatti (nigrahasthAna)116.31 bhavinAbhAvaniyama 82. 4 . apratyakSopalambha 11.3 aviruddha (jAti) 114.17 bhapradarzitavyatireka ( dRSTAntAbhAsa) 107. 7 . bhavizeSasama (jAti) 114. 6 bhapradarzitAnvaya ( ) 107. 6 | anyatirepha ( dRSTAntAbhAsa) 107. 3

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6. bhASATippaNagata zabdoM aura viSayoM kI suucii| avyApaka 142. 33 avyAptisama (jAti) 114. 17 itarabhedajJApana .9 asaMzaya (jAti ) 114. 17 indra (sugata)403 asatpratipakSitatva 1.14 indriya asaduttara 106. 28 pANinikRta nirukti 38.25 asamyakkhaNDana 106. 28 jainabauddhAcAryakRta nirukti 36.3 asarvajJavAda 26. 26 dekho sarvajJavAda mATharakRta nirukti 36. 17 asAdhanAGgavacana 122. 16 buddhaghoSa kI vizeSatA 40.1 asAdhAraNa 101.7; 142. 33 dekho anaikAntika dArzanikoM ke matAnusAra usakA kAraNa 40.9 asAdhAraNadharma 4. 15 AkAra-adhiSThAna 40. 15 asiddha mana 40. 22 nyAyasUtra 88. 19 sAMkhyasaMmata pAMca karmendriyAM 40 24 prazasta, nyApraveza aura mAThara meM cAra bauddhasaMmata bAIsa indriyAM 41.1 prakAra 68.24 viSaya 41.8 pUrva paramparA meM dharmakIrti kA saMzodhana 85.26 ekatva-nAnAtvavAda 41. 16 nyAyasAra aura nyAyamaJjarI 88.. svAmI 41. 23 jainAcAryoM ke dvArA dharmakIrti kA anusaraNa aura prApyAprApyakAritva 46.23 nyAyaparamparA kA khaNDana 88.2 indriyamanojanyatva 134.16 ahetusama (jAti) 114.4 iSTavighAtakRt 66. 22 [ A] . [I.] Izvara 132 15 Agama IzvarajJAna 26.2 adRSTArthaka kA prAmANya 18. 1 IzvaravAdI 16.28 mImAMsaka aura naiyAyika-vaizeSika 18.18 / IzvarasAkSIcaitanya 133. 11 prAmANyasamarthana meM akSapAda kA mantrAyurveda kA | IzvarIyajJAna 23. 28 dRSTAnta 18.5 IzvarIyasarvajJatva 26. 6 hemacandra jyotiSazAstra kA udAharaNa kyoM IhA 66. 2077. 17 dete haiM ? 18.25 [3] dharmakIrti kI Apatti 18. 29 utkarSasama (jAti ) 113. 20 Asmakarmasambandha uttara 106. 22 mAnanevAloM ke sAmane AnevAle kitane eka udAharaNAbhAsa 104. 25 prazna 35.15 upapattisama (jAti) 114. 7 mAnanevAle samI ke samAna mantavyoM kA upamAna 21. 10; 76.10; 17 parigaNana 34. 20 dekho pratyabhijJAna dArzanikoM ke mantavya 34. 32 upayoga 128. 26 AtmajJAna 133. 9 upalabdhi 84.4 AsmamAtrasApekSatva 134. 15 upalabdhisama (jAti) 114.8 AsmA 70.9 dekho pramAtA upAlambha 106. 22 dekho dUSaNadUSaNAbhAsa AtmAzraya (doSa) 66.1 upekSaNIya (artha) 10.3 Alocana 125. 15 ubhaya 65. 13 AzrayAsiddha ( dRSTAntAbhAsa ) 104. 19 ubhayadoSaprasaGga 65." AhAyajJAna 77.8 umAsvAti 1.9

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6. bhASATippaNagata zabdoM aura viSayoM kI suucii| [U ] uha 76.26 dekho tarka janyapratyakSa 132.14 jayaparAjayavyavasthA - ekatvavitarka 33.21 brAhmaNa paramparA ke anusAra jaya ke lie svapakSasiddhi Avazyaka nhiiN| eka kA kaNAda 1.7 parAjaya dUsare kA jaya 121. 25 kathA dharmakIrtikRta vyavasthA-jaya ke lie nirdoSa sAdhana kA prayoga Avazyaka / eka kA parAbrAhmaNa-zramaNa paramparAe~ aura unakA jaya hI dUsare kA jaya nahIM 122. 1. sAhitya 108. 15 dekho vAdakathA jainAcArya akalaGka ke matAnusAra-eka pakSa kathA 115. 29. kI siddhi se jaya / eka pakSa kI siddhi dUsare kathAbhAsa 118.24 kI asiddhi ke binA nahIM 122. 17 kargazaSkulI 40.15 karmendriya 40.24 hemacandra 123. 19 kalpanA jalpa 116. 2 dekho dUSaNa-dUSaNAbhAsa zabda ke artha 51. 8 . jAti 106. 25; 110. 9, 113. 16 kAraNaliGgaka (anumAna ) dekho dUSaNa-dUSaNAbhAsa dharmakIrti nahIM mAnate =5. 21 jAtyuttara 113. 13; 114. 22 kArya (liGga ) -3 28 jIvasvasiddhi 42.2 kAryaliGgaka (anumAna ) jainajJAnaprakriyA prANAdi hetu kI bauddhodbhAvita asAdhakatA 86.. Agamika aura tArkika prakriyA meM kyA bheda hai ? kAryasama (jAti) 11. 12 16. 29 kAlasama (jAti) 1144 jainAgama meM tArkika carcA bhadrabAhu ke bAda kI kAlAtIta: 13 20.3 kAlAtyayApadiSTa..3 Agama meM sarvaprathama AryarakSita ne tArkika kevaladarzana 126. 12 pramANa catuSTaya ke AdhAra para paJcajJAna kI kriyA 136. 4 carcA kI 20. 16 klezAvaraNa 32. 15 umAsvAtikRta paJcajJAna kA pramANadvaya meM kSaNikaravajJAna 32.17 samAveza 20. 19 saMkalanA ke samaya meM sthAnAGga aura bhagavatI meM khaNDana 106.22 / pramANadvaya aura pramANacatuSTaya kA praveza 20. 22 AryarakSita ke dvArA mati aura zruta kA pratyakSa guNa 56.9 dekho dravya aura Agama pramANa meM samAveza 21.6 umAstrAti ke dvArA matizruta meM anumAnAdi kA cakraka 662 samAveza 21. 12 cakSurdarzana 128. 10 pUjyapAda 21. 15 cataraGgavAda 117.20 dekho vAdakathA nandIsUtrakAra ke dvArA paJcajJAnakA pratyakSa citta 32. 14; 34.8 aura parokSa meM samAveza 21. 10 cintA 23. 4 nandIkArake dvArA umAsvAti aura AyarakSita chala 110.9,114.29 ke mantavyakA laukika dRSTise samanvaya 21. 19

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22 6. bhASATippaNagata zabdoM aura viSayoM kI suucii| nyAyAvatAra meM tArkika jJAna carcA meM anumAna. madhva, vallabha aura bhartRhari kA niSedha 125. 18 . nirUpaNa mukhya 21. 29 laukika aura alaukika 126. 7 jinabhadropajJa sAMvyavahArikapratyakSa 22. . viSaya ke bAre meM dArzanikoM kA mantavya akalaGka ke dvArA parokSapramANa ke anumAnAdi 126.18 pAMca medoM kA sthApana 22. 17 jainasaMmata pratyakSa aura parokSa darzana 126. 29 rAjavArtika meM umAsvAtyanusArI jJAna nirUpaNa utpAdaka sAmagrI, zaGkara kA matabheda 127. 12 22. 26 prAmANya ke viSaya meM bauddha, vedAnta, nyAya-vaizeSika, hemacandra 23.6 mImAMsaka aura sAMkhya-yoga 127.2 // jJAtatA 131.20 jainAgama dRSTi se samyaga aura mithyAdarzana jJAna 131. 25 12.. jJAnacarcA 16. 29 dekho jainajJAnaprakiyA prAcIna jaina paramparA ke anusAra samyamithyAjJAnotpattiprakriyA / rUpa darzana kA vibhAga nahIM 128. 15 jainadarzana 45. 16 jaina-tArkikoM kI dRSTi se pramANakoTibAhyabauddhaparamparA 45. 22 pramANAbhAsa 126.. vaidikadarzana 45.25 abhayadevasammataprAmANya 126. 9 hemacandra aura akalaGka 45. 3, yazovijaya 126. 14 jJeyAvaraNa 32. 15 hemacandra 126. 25 jyotirjJAna 35. 20 dUSaNa 114.20 [ ta ] dUSaNa-dUSaNAbhAsa tasvanirNinISu 118.3 nirUpaNa, sarvaprathama brAhmaNa paraMparA meM phira kramazaH tasvabubhutsu 117. 3 bauddha-jaina meM 106.8 taravabubhutsukathA 116.31 brAhmaNa, bauddha, jainazastrioM meM prayukta samAnArthaka tadutpattitadAkAratA zabda 106. 22 sautrAntikasaMmata 44. 26 nirUpaNa kA prayojana 110.1 brAhmaNa-paramparA meM chala, jAti ke prayoga kA Uha aura tarkazabda prayoga kI prAcInatA samarthana 110.1. 76. 25 chalAdi prayoga ke bAre meM bauddhoM meM aikamatya jaimini 77.. nahIM 110.12 navya naiyAyikoM kA mantavya 77.6 jaina-paramparA meM chalAdi prayoga kA niSedha prAcIna naiyAyikoM ke matAnusAra pramANakoTi se 110.15 bAhya 77. 10 chalAdi prayoga ke samarthana aura niSedha ke pIche bauddha-mantavya 77.14 kyA rahasya hai ? 110.25 jainAbhimata prAmANya 77. 17 chalAdi prayoga ke bAre meM bauddhoM ke dvArA brAhmaNoM tAyin 1.3 kA anusaraNa 111.1. timirAdidoSa 16.. Age calakara bauddhoM ke dvArA chalAdi kA niSedha tripuTikA 40.15 jaina-paramparA meM prathama se hI niSedha 112.4 darzana 46.3 zvetAmbara-jaina paramparA meM Age calakara samarthana 112.11 vividha artha 125.1 brAhmaNa-paramparA ke prAcIna granthoM meM sirpha nirvikalpa aura darzana kI ekatA 125. 11 hetudoSa kA nirUpaNa 112. 27 darzana

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23 - 6. bhASATippaNagata zabdoM aura viSayoM kI suucii| diGnAga se dUSaNoM kA vikasita varNana myArthika 56. 18 112. 20 dravyAstika 61. 24 dUSaNAbhAsa kA vistRta varNana prAcIna brAhmaNa dravyendriya 40.19 granthoM meM 112. 29 [dha] bauddha prantho meM alpa-mAtra 113. dharmakIrti 1.14 varNana meM jainoM dvArA bauddha-brAhmaNa kA dharmajJa 30.. anusaraNa 113. 2 dharmajJavAda 28. 8 dekho sarvajJavAda . . hemacandra 113.. dharmadezaka 30.10 jAtiviSayaka paramparAoM kA koSThaka 153. 10 dharmavizeSaviruddha88.26 dUSaNAbhAsa 106. 28 dekho dUSaNa-dUSaNAbhAsa dharmazAstA 30.1. hAnta dharmivizeSaviruddha 100.2 anumAnAjatva ke viSaya meM dharmakIrti kA mantavya | dhAtu 136.3 dhAraNA jainAcAryoM kA mantavya 80. 21 Agama-niyuktikAlIna 47.5 lakSaNa aura prakAra 1.5 pUjyapAda 47.. jainAcAryoM kI dRSTi se upayoga 81.13 jinabhadrakRta tIna bheda 47.10 akalakAdi digambarAcAryoM kA matabheda 57.13 hemacandrakA samanvaya 48.5 zantAbhAsa nyAya-vaizeSika sUtra meM nirUpaNa nahIM 103.26 dhAraNA 66. 20 nyAyapraveza, prazasta aura mAThara ke bhedoM kI | dhArAvAhikajJAna tulanA 104.. prAmANya-aprAmANya kI carcA kA dharmakIrti ke jayanta kA nirUpaNa, bauddha-vaizeSika ke AdhAra dvArA pramANazAstra meM praveza 11.17 para 104.21 nyAya-vaizeSikasammata prAmANya 11. 23 nyAyasAragata saMdigdhaudAharaNAbhAsa 105.. mImAMsaka ke dvArA prAmANya samarthana 12.. dharmakIrti 105.4 bauddha dharmottara sammata aprAmANya 12. 9 dharmakIrti aura siddhasenAdi jainAcArya 105." arcaTasammata prAmANya-aprAmANya 12.11 hemacandra kI vizeSatA 103.. jainAcAryoM kA mantavya 13.. hemacandra kI vizeSatA 14.1 devasarvajJavAda 26.26 doSAbhAsa 110.. dravya naya 62.1 vaiyAkaraNoM kI vyutpatti 54.. nayavAda 62. 3, 64. 27 dekho anekAntavAda, jainoM ke dvArA dravyazabda kA prayoga kisa-kisa | nikSepa 62... artha meM ? 55., . nikSepapaddhati 65. 5 dekho anekAntavAda nyAya-vaizeSikakRta vyAkhyA 55.1. nigrahasthAna vyAkhyA meM mahAbhASya, yogabhASya, kumArila nyAyadarzana, caraka aura prAcIna bauddha kA , aura janAcAryoM kI ekavAkyatA 55. 13 aikamatya 116. 29 paryAya 56. . dharmakIrti ke vAdanyAya meM svatantranirUpaNa guNa aura paryAya ke bhedAbheda ke bAre meM 120.6 jainAcAryoM kA matabheda 56.9 jainAcArya pAtrasvAmI aura akalaGka 120.1. dravya aura guNa ke bhedAmeda ke bAre meM dharmakIrtikRta brAhmaNa-paramparA kA khaNDana aura .. dArzanikoM kA matameda 56.3 // naI paramparAkA sthApana 120. 16 13 / anakAntavAda

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24 nityajJAna 132.25 nityapratyakSa 132. 15 nityavAda 53.. 8 jainAcArya akalaGkakRta brAhmaNa - bauddha paramparA kA khaNDana 120. 26 hemacandra 121. 15 dekho jayaparAjayavyavasthA nityAnityaubhayavAda 53. 9 'nityAnityAtmakavAda 53. 9 nityasama (jAti) 114. 10 nidarzanAbhAsa 104. 14 dekho dRSTAntAbhAsa niyatasAhacaryaM 76. 25 dekho vyApti 6. bhASATippaNagata zabdoM aura viSayoM kI sUcI / . nirNaya | 3; 126.30 nirvikalpa 133. 23 pakSa nirvikalpaka 125 15; dekho darzana nirvikalpaka pratyakSa 74. 24 nairAtmyadarzana 32. 15 naizararagraha 126. 15 nyAyavAkya sAMkhyasammata tIna avayava 64. 15 mImAMsakasammata tIna aura cAra avayava 64. 16 naiyAyikasammata paJcAvayava 64 29 bauddhasammata eka aura do avayava 64. 30 jainoM kA anekAntavAda 64. 32 bhadrabAhu aura vAtsyAyana ke dazAvayava 65 15 [pa] prazastapAdake dvArA svarUpanirNaya 88. 1 jainAcAryoM ke dvArA bauddhoM kA anukaraNa 88.3 lakSaNAntargata vizeSaNoM kI vyAvRtti da. 7 bAdhitapakSa ke viSaya meM prazasta, nyAyapraveza, nyAyabindu, mAThara aura jainAcAryoM ke mantavya kI tulanA . 13 AkAra ke viSaya meM vAtsyAyana bauddha, aura jainAcAryoM ke mantavya kI tulanA 86. 13. vikalpasiddha aura pramANavikalpasiddha ke viSaya meM jaina aura dharmakIrti kA vivAda 86.24 gaGgeza 60. 1 dekho pakSaprayoga pakSaprayoga hai3 17. vaidikadarzanoM ke matAnusAra Avazyaka 63. 18 dharmakIrti kA niSedha 63. 20 jainAcAryoM kA samarthana 43. 21 hemacandra aura vAcaspati 33. 25 dekho pakSa pakSasakha 81. 1 pakSasiddhi 121.30 patraparIkSA 124. 30 patravAkya 116. 17 paracitajJAna 38.7 paraprakAza 130. 7 dekho svaprakAza paraprakAzakatva 10. 26 paraprakAzavAdI 131. 19 parapratyakSa 130.23 parapratyakSavAdI 137 12 parameSThI (jainasammata ) 3.6 parasparAzraya 66. 2 parAjaya 121. 16 dekho jayaparAjayavyavasthA parAnumeya 131. 19 parAbhAsI 136. 17 parArthAnumAna prazasta aura nyAyapraveza meM prAcIna lakSaNa 62. dharmakIrti, zAntarakSita aura siddhasena 62. 7 hemacandra 62. 12 sarvasammata prayogadvaividhya 2. 20 jainadarzana kI vizeSatA 63. 3 - hemacandra 63.8 dekho pakSaprayoga, nyAyavAkya pariNAminityatvavAdI 126. 26 pariNAminityavAda 53.9 parokSa 24. 3; 127. 1; 137. 8 paryAya 56. 9 dekho dravya paryAyArthika 56. 18 paryAyAstika 61. 24 pANini 1.6 pAramArthika 22. 4; 127 4 pAramArthikapratyakSa 133. 17 piGgala 1.7 puruSatva 37.1 pUrvavat (chala ) 115. 18 pauruSeyatva 132. 19 prakaraNasama (jAti) 114. 3 prajJAtizaya 35. 23 pratijJA 83. 20 dekho pakSaprayoga pratidRSTAntasama ( jAti ) 113. 29

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6. bhASATippaNagata zabdoM aura viSayoM ko suucii| / 25 prativAdI 118. 17 sAMkhya-yoga-jainasammata pramANarUpa se pratiSedha 106.22 savikalpaka 26 14 pratisaMkhyAna 46. 6,135. 30 pratyabhijJAna pratyakSa 23, 24, 138. 7; 137. 15 prAmANya ke viSaya meM bauddha-bauddhataroM ke pratyakSa matabheda kA rahasya 753 siddhasenopajJa svArtha-parArtharUpa daividhya 0.18 svarUpa ke viSaya meM bauddhoM kA mantavya 75.14 prAcInaMdArzanika sAhitya meM sirpha janyapratyakSa vAcaspati aura jayanta 75. 22 kA lakSaNa 132.7 jainAcArya akalaGka kA mata 761 prAcIna sAhitya meM Izvara aura unake nitya jainoM ke dvArA upamAnakA samAveza 76. 9 jJAna kI carcA nahIM 132. 15 pratyaya (catvAraH)44.2 . laukika aura alaukika 133. . pramA 127. 26 bauddha aura zAGkara vedAntasammata alaukika kI pramANa 53. 4,136.8 nirvikalpakatA 133. 22 pramANacaitanya 134.10 . rAmAnujasammata alaukika kI savikalpakatA pramANajyeSThAjyeSThatva nyAya-sAMkhyasammata pratyakSa kA jyeSThatva 24. 14 nyAyavaizeSikajainasammata alaukika kI . pUrvottaramImAMsAsammata Agama kA jyeSThatva ubhayarUpatA 133. 25 24. 15 pratyakSatvakA niyAmakatattva 134.8 bauddhasammata pratyakSAnumAna kA samabalatva 24.66 bauddhasaMmata nirvikalpaka kI hI pratyakSatA akalaGka-vidyAnandasammata pratyakSa kA jyeSThatva 134. 19 24.18 janyanityasAdhAraNa lakSaNa-bhAsarvajJa 24. 23 zvetAMbarAcAryasammata pratyakSa-parokSakA samabalatva zAlikanAtha 134 29 25.1 siddhasena kA lakSaNa 135.2. pramANanitva akalaGkakRta saMzodhana 135. 10 hemacandravAdideva ora siddharSi ke anusAra vaizehemacandra 135. 25 Sikasammata 23.13 pratyakSapramANa pramANadvisva jaiminIyapratyakSasUtra kI vyAkhyA meM TIkAkAroM prazastapAdasammata 23.8 kA matabheda 51.20 pramANanirukti jaiminIya pratyakSake khaNDanakAra 52. 1 vAtsyAyana, vAcaspati, hemacandra tathA prameyaratnasAMkhya kI tIna paramparAe~ 52 19 . mAlA 3." sAMkhyalakSaNoM ke khaNDanakAra 52. 23 pramANamImAMsA 4. 25 pramANaphala pratyakSa lakSaNa AdhyAtmika dRSTise prAcIna carcA 66. 7 diGnAga aura dharmakIrti kA matabheda 50.10 tarkayugIna byAvahArika dRSTi se carcA 66. 14 zAntarakSita kA samanvaya 50.10 bhedAbhedake bAre meM vaidika, bauddha aura jaina bauddhalakSaNoM kA khaNDana 50. 25 siddhasena ke lakSaNa kI tulanA 50. 32 phala ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM naiyAyika vaizeSika, pratyakSasvarUpa mImAMsaka aura sAMkhya kA aikamatya 67.3 bauddhasammata nirvikalpakamAtra 26. 12 . phala ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM do bauddha paramparAe~ nyAyavaizeSikasammata nirvikalpaka-savikalpaka 67.13 siddhasena aura samantabhadra 68.4

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6. bhASATippaNagata zabdoM aura viSayoM kI suucii| akalaGka aura bAda ke jainAcAryoM ke dvArA . prAcIna samaya meM bandhamokSavyavasthA, karmaphala- .. vikAsa 68. 13 sambandha Adi kasauTiyoM se vastuvyavasthA 58... hemacandra kI vizeSatA 68.30 bauddhodbhAvita tarkayugIna arthakriyAkAritva kI pramANalakSaNa kasauTI 56.. kaNAdakRta kAraNazuddhimUlaka sarvaprathama lakSaNa 5.. jayanta, vAcaspati aura yogasena ke dvArA ukta naiyAyikoM kA vikAsa 5.3 kasauTI kA Azraya lekara bauddhoM ke ekAnta kumArila aura prabhAkara ke lakSaNoM kI paraspara anityatvavAda kA khaNDana 58. 15 aura darzanAntara ke sAtha tulanA 5.18 usI kasauTI se jainAcArya akalaGka ke dvArA diGnAga, dharmakIrti, zAntarakSita 6.6 bauddhoM kA khaNDana aura svapakSasamarthana 56.32 vijJAnavAda 6.17 praznavAhulyottarAlpatA (jAti) 114. 15 jainAcAryoM ke lakSaNoM kI zabdaracanA ke AdhAra praznApatottarabAhulya (jAti) 114. 15 kA aitihAsika avalokana 6.22 prasaMkhyAna 135.31 hemacandra kA saMzodhana 7.11 prasaGgasama (jAti) 113. 28 pramANAntarasiddhi prAkaTya 131. 24 dharmakIrti 25.3 prAptisama (jAti) 113.26 hemacandra, siddharSi aura vAcaspati kI yuktioM| prAmANya 16. 9 kI tulanA 25. 7 prAmANyaaprAmANya pramANAbhAsa 126.8 svataH parataH kI carcAkA mUla vedaprAmANyapramAtA samarthana meM 16. 18 aupaniSada, sAMkhya, bauddha, jaina, mImAMsaka ke matA vedake prAmANya aura aprAmANyavAdI 16.26 nusAra AtmanityAnityatA kA vicAra 70.8 mImAMsaka 17.4 svAvabhAsitva-parAvabhAsitva ke viSaya meM mImAM sAMkhya 17.7 saka, jaina aura yogAcAra kA mantavya 70. 23 sarvadarzanasaMgraha ke anusAra bauddhamata 17.12 jainAbhimatadehavyApitva 71.3 zAntarakSita 17. 16 AtmA aura jJAnakA ameda mAnanevAloMke matameM jainaparamparA 18." , AtmA, svapratyakSa 137. 2 utpatti, jJapti, pravRtti 18.8 kumArila 137. . parapratyakSavAdI prabhAkara 137. 15 phala 136.8 AtmapratyakSa ke viSaya meM naiyAyika vaizeSikoM kA phalasaMvitti 131.22 matabheda 137 15. pramAtA 53. 4 bAyArthavAda 67.10 pramiti 53.5 buddhivRtti 131. 18 prameya.553.. buddhIndriya 40.21 prameyasiddhi 35.21 bauddhikasarvajJatva 26.7 prameyasvarUpa kA cintana tarkayuga se pahile kA 53.6 bhAvendriya 40.22 tarkayuga 53. 19 bhUta 4.. hemacandra 53. 27 dekho dravya bhedAbheda (jAti) 114. 15 prameyasvarUpavyavasthA (ma) dArzanika kSetra meM buddhapratipAdita anityatA kA | mati 128.19 pariNAma 56.1 madhyamapratipadA 62.8

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* mana 40. 22; 43. 24; mana svarUpa aura kAraNa 42. 14 kArya aura dharma 43.3 sthAna 43. 14 manaHparyAyajJAna 37.7 Avazyaka niyukti tathA tattvArthabhASyakA mantavya 37. 17 vizeSAvazyakabhASya 37. 18 digambaraparamparA 37. 23 hemacandra 37.29 manaskAra 43. 28 manuSya sarvajJatvavAdI 26. 24 manuSya sarvaMzavAda 26. 26 mAnasapratyakSa 137. 21 mArgaza 30. 10 mithyAdarzana 128. 9 mithyottara 106 12 mImAMsA vAcaspatikRta vyAkhyA 4. 21 hemacandra 4. 24 mokSa 28. 20 6. bhASATippaNagata zabdoM aura viSayoM ko sUcI / laukika nirvikalpa 126.8 laukikapratyakSa 133. 4 ( ya ) yajJaTa 32. 1 yogigatadhArAvAhijJAna 22. 12 yogipratyakSa 133. 5 yogijJAna 133. 6 yogisaMvedana 126. 11 yogyatA ( jJAnagata ) 67.21 lakSaNa 8. 17 lakSaNaprayojana lakSaNalakSaNa nyAyavaizeSika aura boddhajaina 8.6 hemacandra 4. 15 lakSaNA 62.15 lakSaNArthaM 8. 14 (la) lakSya 8. 16 liGga 80.26 83. 29 liGga ( jJAyamAna ) 82, 2 dekho hetu liGgaparAmarza 138. 7 ( ba ) vaktRtva 37.1 vasama jAti ) 113 22 bAkchala 114. 30 'vAda 115. 29 dekho vAdakathA vAdakathA nyAyadarzana aura caraka kI tulanA 115. 30 bauddha-jaina 116. 17 nyAya aura carakakA tattvabubhutsu 116.26 caraka aura siddhasenavarNita vijigISu 117.6 bauddhasaMmata adhikArI 117. 13 jaina aura naiyAyikake vijigISu kI tulanA 117. 20 jainAcAryasaMmata vItarAgakathA 117. 30 vAdidevakA saMzodhana 118. 8 prayojana 118. 12 caturaGga 118. 17 jalpavitaNDAke kathAntaratvakA niSedha 118. 20 cAdI 118. 17 vAsanA 47. 12 vikalpa 13. 15; 78. 10 vikalpasama (jAti) 113. 24 vikalpasiddha 86. 24 dekho pakSa vigRhyakathana 116. 14 27 vigRhyasaMbhASA 116. 1 vijigISu 117. 6 vijigISukathA 116. 10; 117. 3 vijJAnavAda 67.20 vitaNDA 116.2 vipakSa 142. 24 vipakSavyAvRttatva 81. 1 viparyaya candrakRta lakSaNa kI kaNAda, yogasUtrAdi ke sAtha tulanA 15. 23 vipratipatti 116. 31 vibhajyavAda 61. 7 dekho anekAntavAda vibhajyavAdI 61. 14 viruddha (jAti) 114. 17

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6. bhASATippaNagata zabdoM aura viSayoM kI suucii| viruddha (hetvAbhAsa) | vyabhicArazakA 77.9 nyAyapraveza aura vaizeSika kA matabheda 8. 15 / vyavasthApyavyavasthApakabhASa 66. 26 nyAyapraveza aura mATharasaMmata cAra bheda 16.10 | vyApti (jAti) 114. 1 // nyAyabindu meM do bheda 16. 29 vyApti 7. 11; 80.1 iSTavighAtakRt aura dharmavizeSa viruddha kA aikya | vyApti. 88. 22 arcaTokta vividha vyAptikA spaSTIkaraNa 78.25 nyAyasAra aura jainAcArya 100.3 gaGgeza aura arcaTa 76. 16 viruddha 142, 21 vyAptigraha 78.3138. 7 viruddhAvyabhicArI 101.7 jyAptijJAna 77 24 viruddhopalabdhi ke udAharaNa E7. 12 vyAmoha 0.25 virodha (doSa)64. 17; 65... | (za) virodhasaMzayAdidoSa zAstrapravRtti anekAntavAda para diye gae doSoM kI saMkhyA vAtsyAyana kA traividhya 3.17 viSayaka bhinna 2 zvetAmbarIya digambarIya zrIdhara kA uddeza lakSaNarUpa dvaividhya 3.18 AcAryoM kI paraMparA kA avalokana 65.. hemacandra 4.9 dekho bhanekAntavAda vibhAga kA udyotakara aura 'jayanta ke dvArA uddeza virodhI (liGga)3. 29 meM samAveza 4." vivAda 116. 18 zAsvata-azAsvata 61. 25 vizada 26. 17; 132. 7 dekho pratyakSa zrata 128. 19 vizeSa.. atibhinna (jAti) 115.17 viSayacaitanya 134." atisama (jAti) 114. 17 viSayatA 74. 25 viSayasArUpya 67. 19 (sa) viSayAdhigati 67. 19 saMkara 64. 19, 65.11 viSayAdhigama 67. 13 saMbhava 10.20 beda-aprAmANyavAdI 16 26 saMyogI (liGga ) 3.29 ghedaprAmANyavAdI 16 27 / saMvit 137, 15 vaidhamya ( dRSTAntAbhAsa) 104. saMzaya vaidhayaMsama (jAti) 113. 19. kaNAda, akSapAda, bauddha aura jainoM ke lakSaNoM vaiyadhikaraNya 65.11 kI tulanA 14. 22, 15.3 vaiyAkaraNasva saMzaya 64.1765.1. AvArya hemacandra kA 66.4, 136. 1 saMzayasama (jAti) 114.2 vaizadya saMskAra 47. 15 dekho dhAraNA kA mUla dharmakIrti ke pranthoM meM 26. 17 .. saMskArobodhakanimitta 72. 19 tIna prakAra kA nivecana 27.3 sajJA 23. 4 vaizaya 135. 19 sattA vyaanAvagraha 126. 15 vividhakalpanAe~ 126. 19 vyatikara 65.15 saddharmavAda 116. 10 vyatireka 6.9 santAna 60.20 vyatirekI ( hetu ):.9 / svarUpa 60.10 vyabhicAra 10.20 102.4 , khaNDanakartA jaina aura vaidikadarzana 60.28

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6. bhASATippaNagataM zabdoM aura viSayoM kI suucii| - 29 * sandigdha 100.17 sAdhaya'sama (jAti) 113. 16 . sandigdhodAharaNAbhAsa 105:3 sAdhAraNa 143. 2 sandhAyasaMbhASA 115.31 sAdhyasama (jAti) 113. 25 / / sanikarSa janyasva 134. 13. .. sAdhyasama (hejAbhAsa )98 sapakSa 142. 24 sAdhyAvinAbhAvI 2... sapakSasatva 01.. sAmagrI 16... saptabhaGgI 64.26 dekho anekAntavAda sAmAnya.. sabhApati 118. 10 sAmaTa 32.. sabhya 118. 17 sAmAnyacchala 115.3 samavAyI (liGga) 3. 29 / sUkSmakAlakalA 11.24 sambhASA 115. 29 dekho vAdakathA spaSTa 135.24 samyaga 10.17 sphuTa 26. 17; 135. 15 samyagdarzana 128.8 smaraNa 72.2 dekho smRti sarvajJavAda smRti 11. 10; 23.4 kI prAcInatA kA nirdeza 27.12 smRti ke virodhI-cArvAka, ajJAnavAdI aura mImAMsaka kaNAda, pataJjali, prazastapAda aura jainAcAryoM ke 27 22 , lakSaNoM kI tulanA 72.1 ke samarthaka-nyAya vaizeSika, sAMkhyayoga, vedAnta, nyAyasUtragata saMskArodbodhakanimitta 72. 16 bauddha aura jaina 27. 23 prAmANya ke viSaya meM jaina-jainetaroM kA matabheda virodhiyoM kA mantavya 27.25 72. 21 bauddha-jainoM kA dRSTibindu 28.8 smRtizAstrakA prAmANya aura aprAmANya zrutyadhIna' nyAyavaizeSikaAdi vaidikadarzanoM kA dRSTibindu / aisI mImAMsakoM kI vyavasthA 73. . 28." smRtirUpa jJAna meM bhI vahI vyavasthA 73.7 sAMkhya-yoga-vedAnta kA dRSTibindu 26. 3 mImAMsakoM kA vaidika darzanoM para asara 73." asarvajJavAda, devasarvajJavAda, aura manuSyasarvajJavAda aprAmANyameM dArzanikoM kI yuktiyA~ 73.16. kAveda ke prAmANya-aprAmANyavAda se saMbaMdha26.1. bauddha kyoM apramANa mAnatA hai ? 74.7. dharmajJavAda kA mUla bauddha paraMparA meM 30. 7 jainoM kA javAba 74.13 sarvajJavAdakA mUla jaina-paraMparA meM 30.14 avisaMvAditva sarvasammata 74. 18 kumArilakRta sarvajJavAda aura dharmajJavAda kA smRti (dhAraNA)47. 12 khaNDana 30 20 zAntarakSitakRta dharmajJavAda aura sarvajJavAda kA syAdvAda 61.7 64. 26 dekho anekAntavAda samarthana aura buddha hI meM dharmajJatva aura sarvajJatva svataHparataH (prAmANya) 16.18 kI siddhi 32.1 __ dekho prAmANya- aprAmANya sAMkhya, jaina Adi kA bhI apane hI Apta meM svanirNaya 11. 8; 130, 7 dekho svaprakAza sarvajJatvasiddhi kA prayatna 33. 3 svaparaprakAza 130. 8 dekho svaprakAza svaparavyavasiti 68.29 sarvapArSada 108.3 savikalpaka 26. 13; 126, 3. 133. 25 svaprakAza savyabhicAra 100.16 jJAnakI pratyakSatA-parokSatA 130." sAMpradAyikaroSa 36. 10 svaprakAza aura paraprakAzakA artha 130, 15 sAmyavahArika 16. 1522. 438.16127.3 svapratyakSa kA artha 130, 19 sAmyavahArikapratyakSa 133. 16 vijJAnavAdI bauddha, prabhAkara, vedAnta aura jainoM kA sAdharmyadRSTAntAbhAsa 104. 7 svaprakAzavAda 130.25

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6. bhASATippaNagata zabdoM aura viSayoM kI suucii| sAMkhyayoga, nyAya vaizeSika kA parapratyakSavAda / dharmakIrti ko kyA abhimata hai ? 86. 12 131.10 bauddhoM ke matAnusAra donoM Avazyaka 86.27 kumArilakA parAnumeyavAda 131. 19 jainAbhimata kevalavyatireka 87.4 . hemacandra 132. 1 hetusama (jAti) 114 16 svaprakAsa 136. 17 hetusvarUpa svaprakAzatva 10 25 vaizeSika, sAMkhya aura bauddhasamata trairUpya 81.. svaprakAzavAdI 10.25% 130. 26 naiyAyikasammata pAzcarUpyaM 81.14 svapratyakSa 130. 15136 17 arcaTa aura zrIdharakRta trairUpya meM pAzcarUpya kA svapratyakSavAdI 137. 2 samAveza 01.. svabhAva 83.30 svasaMvitti 67. 14 gadAdhara sammata trairUpya 01. 22 svasaMviditatva 6.18 ajJAtatvarUpa hetu kA chaThavAM rUpa =1. 24 jainasammata avinAbhAvaniyamarUpa hetu 82.4 svasaMvedana 67.21 svAbhAsI136. 15 ekarUpa ke prathama samarthaka pAtra svAmI 2.9 svArthaviruddha (jAti) 114. 14 trairUpya aura pAJcarUpya kA jainAcAryakRta khaNDana 82.15 hemacandra kI vizeSatA 82, 26 , hAnopAdAnopekSAbuddhi 67.4; 6.. 'anyathAnupapanatvaM' kArikA kA manoraJjaka itihAsa akalaGka-maNikyanandI-vidyAnanda kA vargIkaraNa 3.6 bauddha-vaizeSika ke AdhAra para 83.23 hesvAbhAsa 125. 14, 142.14 devasUri kA vargIkaraNa 84.15 . hetvAbhAsa hemacandrakRta hetu ke prakAra 85.4 akSapAda kathita pAMca 66.15 vAcaspatike dvArA bauddha-vaizeSikakRta vargIkaraNa kA | vaizeSika saMmata tIna-cAra6.15 khaNDana =5.8 bhAsarvajJakathita chaH 66.20 hetu 66.8 bauddhasAMkhya saMmata tIna 16. 22 hetucakra. 152. 15:144. zvetAMbara saMmata tIna 7.3 hetusvaprayojaka akalaMkAdi digaMbara sammata cAra 67.. naiyAyikAdi ke matAnusAra yathAsaMbhava anvaya | akiJcitkara aura aprayojaka 67... aura vyatireka donoM da6.. hemacandra aura mANikyanandIkRta viveka 86.5 hetu

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7. bhASATippaNagata vizeSa nAmoM kI sUcI / a akalka 1, 2, 6-8, 13, 14, 21-24, 20, 17, 11, 17, 18, 44, 46-48, 52, 55, 56, 60, 64, 65, 68, 69, 71, 77, 81-84, 97, 98, 103, 118, 120-122, IzvarakRSNa 52, 53 / I 135, 140-142 / akSapAda 1, 5, 7, 14, 18, 51, 72, 96, 108, 111, 113, 116, 119, 120 / acyuta 62 / ajJAtanAmaka ? 80 / anantavIrya, 47, 48, 82, 94 // anuyogadvAra 20, 21, 139, 142 / anekAntajayapatAkA 43, 64 / anekAntajayapatAkATIkA 64 / anekAntapradeza 64 / anekAntavyavasthA 64 / anyayogavyavacchedikA 61, 64 / amRtacandra 56 / ayogavyavacchedadvAtriMzikA 33 / aTa 12, 63, 78, 79, 81 / aSTazatI (aSTasahasrI ) 6, 15, 24, 30, 61, 67, 68, 112 / aSTasahasrI, 25, 36, 65, 74, 78, 120, 123, 124 // C aSTAdhyAyI (pANinIya ) 54 / asaGga 6 / abhayacandra 115 / abhayadeva 7-9, 65, 128 - 130, 141, 142 / kaThopaniSad 70, 76 // abhidhammasthasaMgaho 45, 46 / abhidharmakoSa 41, 42, 44, 46, 50, 8 AcArAMga 30, 76 / ApastambazrautasUtra 1 / AptaparIkSA 36 / Avazyaka niyukti 10, 30, 37, 47, 50, 62 / Avazyaka niryuktiTIkA ( hAribhadrIya ) 48 / ArakSita, 20-22, 141, 142 / Aloka 141 / A I AptamImAMsA, 6, 30, 33, 35, 36, 12, 14, 68, 108 / 1 aMka bhASATippaNa ke pRSTha ke sUcaka haiM / u uttarAdhyayana, 55, 56, 66 / udayanAcArya 5, 11, 74 / udyotakara 4, 40-50, 52, 81, 120, 140 / upaskAra, 8 / upAyahRdaya 108, 111, 113-114, 115, 120, 139 / umAsvAti 1, 7, 20, 21, 23, 46, 48, 55, 56, 77, 128 / Rgveda 53, 61, 76 / RSabha 32, 33, 108 / R kaNAda 1, 5, 14, 15, 23, 72, 81, 92,96, 97, 100 / ka kaNAdasUtra 4, 26, 100, 102, 103, 134 / kandalI 8, 9, 11, 15, 17, 25, 28, 48-51, 67, 73, 81, 86 / kapila 31, 32, 108 kamalazIla, 50, 59, 67 // kArikAvalI 127, 131, 137 / kAvyaprakAza 92 / kAvyAnuzAsana 2, 92 / kAvyAlaGkAra 50 / kundakunda 56 / kumAranandI 121 / kumArila 5, 6, 17, 26, 30-32, 36, 48, 51, 52, 55, 57, 63, 67, 69-71, 73, 131, 137 / kusumAJjali 5, 9, 11, 15, 17, 74 //

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32 . 7. bhASATippaNagata vizeSa nAmoM kI sUcI | tatvArthabhASya 10, 20-12, 17, 19-11, 7, khaNDanakhaNDakhAca 3 / gaNadhara 2. / gadAdhara 8. / gAdAdharaprAmANyavAda 100 gommaTasAra 30 / gautama 100 / gautamadarzana 20 / gaMgA / gaMgeza 45, 77, 79, 90, 127,4 / tatvArthabhASyaTIkA 15, 128 / tattvArtharAjavArtika, 12, 16, 45, 64 / tasvArthavivecana (gujraatii)| tatvArthazlokavArtika 0,1,2,45,47,51,52, 18,78, 109, 10, 10-119, 11 123,140 / tattvArthasUtra 1, 4, ., 20, 21, 30, 41,50, 55, 56, 31, 125, 17, 135 / tattvopaplava 14, 51 / / tantravArtika 10, 31, 31, 1, 136 / tarkabhASA (yazovijaya) 129, 35, 141,111 tarkabhASA (kezavamina) / tarkamASA (mokssaakriiy)87| tarkazAstra 1.6, 09, 5, 7, 20 tarkasaMgraha / tAtparyaTIkA, 8, 9, 1, 15-17, 25, 26, - 40, 49.52, 59,74-77,81, 85, 86, 95,94, 90, 108, 11, 10, 141 / trilocana 19 / caraka 111, 117, 120, 139 / carakasaMhitA 19, 100, 10, 15-11, . 132 / cAraviTskI / cArvAka 25, 27, 33 / citsukhI 34, 13. / chandazAsa chandInuzAsana 2 / jayanta .,.,40,41,50,52, 59,10,73, | dasavaikAlikaniyukti 20, 55 / 75-77, 8, 97, 100, 103, 104, | diGnAga 6, 10, 50, 52, 17, 11, 102, 113, 123 104, 10, 109, 12,120,19,140, jinabhadrakSamAzramaNa 22, 20,0,40,55, 72 / 142 / jainatakavArtika 27 / dinakarI 28 jaiminIyanyAyamAlA 77 / / divAkara 51 / jaiminIyasUtra 16, 35, 51, 52, 77, 12 / dIpikA 4,8 / jJAnavindu 10, 129 / devasUri 7-9, 15, 16, 27, 18, 56, 15,64, 71, 81-84, 88-91, 16, 105, 100, vyucI (pro.) 109 / 10,19,29,4aa taravacintAmaNi 17, 18, 44, ... / dharmakIrti , , ., ", 16, 19, 25,27, taravacintAmaNi (gAdA.) 79, 90 / 30, 50,51,57, 83.85, 8-90, 92, tasvavaizAradI 2, 35, 73 / 95, 16, 98, 99, 01, 103, 105, tasvasaMgraha ", 7, 25, 20, 30-35, 36, 37, 100-109, 120-121,17.. 42, 50,51,54, 55, 60, 62, 65, 57-70, dharmaparIkSA (yazovinaya ) 12 / 75,76,81, 82, 11. / dharmasaMgraha, tasvasaMgrahapaJjikA 3, 7, 9, 11,35, 46, dharmottara 8, 9, 11, 15, 10, 19, 9 / 59,74 / | dhavalA 125

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7. bhASATippaNagata vizeSa nAmoM kI sUcI 33 na . 91, 9-100, 102-104, 104-11, 13,14,15,132, 139 / nayacakra / nyAyasUtravRtti (vizvanAtha ).7 / nayacakravRtti 15, 11 / nayapradIpa / nyAyAvatAra 6,14,20,0,51,68,71,80, nayarahasya / 82, 91-93, 97, 103, 105, 109, nayopadeza 6 113, 115, 10,14. / nandIkAra 2 / / nyaayaavtaarttiikaattippnnii24| nndiicuurnni37|| nyAyAvatArasiddharSiTIkA 14, 23, 24, 26 / nandIsUtra 1, 47, 120, 138 / nAgArjuna 14,139 / nyAyakaNikA 25, 59 / nyAyakalikA 100, 113-115, 13, 124 / / paJcAzaka 55 / nyAyapraveza 15, 10, 15, 50, 81, 6, 89, pataJjali 38, 55, 57, 03 / . 91-93, 95, 98-105, 1.7, 109, patraparIkSA 9, 10, 124 / pabhAvatI 83 / 113,110,14.1 nyAyapravezavRtti / parIkSAmukha 3, 7, 9, 1,18, 45, 57, 68. nyAyavindu 1, 6, 7, 15, 16, 19, 20, 21, 70, 79, 84, 85, 9-12, 95, 9738,50, 51, 67, 81-86, 80, 89, 1.0,05, 129, 135, 14 / / 92, 13, 98, 99, 102, 13, 106 pANini 1, 38, 40, 54 / . 1.9,13,13., 133,140 / paanniniiysuutr39,76| / nyAyavinduTIkA 8, 9, 12, 13, 24, 54, 6., pAtAlamahAbhASya, 2, 3, 38, 55, 57 / 59, .0, 80, 6, 85, 90, 92, 13, pAtaJjalayogazAstra / pAtrakesarI 83, 12. . nyAyamAjya 3, 5, 8, 9, 10, 19, 20, 43, 19, pAtrasvAmI, 82,83 / 55, 50, 11, 7, 89, 95, 99, 1.8, pArAzara,.76 / - 17, 11, 12, 135, 6. / pArthasArathi 12,67,9 / myAvamArI, 8, 9, 10, 1, 19, 24, 20, pijl| : 35, 40, 49-52, 59, 11, 3,05, 75, purAtatva 1000 .6, 61, 85, 9.-1.., 103,..., puruSArthasidhupAya 62 / / 108, 119, 123, 124 / pUjyapAda, 21, 40, 43, 46-48, 55, 71 / / nyAyamukha 100, 109, 13, 14, 111 / / prakaraNapatrikA 12, 23, 26, 42, 50, 67, 73, nyAyavArtika 4, 8,1, 15, 24, 40-51, 3, 91, 130-112, 134 / 100, 13, 14. / prajApati, 3 / / nyApavinimaya , 36, 19, 11, 1, 82, 95, prabhAkara 5, 10, 26, 52, 9, 10, 11, 1.3,09,...,. ,120,10,11 // 111,137 / 'myAyavinizcayaTIkA ,25,11,111 prabhAcandra 1, 37, 65, 10, 81, 95,97, 99, pAyasAra ., 19, 92, 96, 94-1.0, 01- 103, 12, 123 / - 05, 111, pramANanayatatvAloka 7, 10, 15, 10, 15, 18, nyAyasAratAtparyaTIkA 25 / 56, 57, 60-71,80, 84, 85, 80-93, nyAyasUtra ,, ,, 9, 15, 10, 20, 23, 25, 97,99, 10, 11, 109, 10, 129, 41, 2, 49, 51, 11, 2,1, 7, 9, 135 /

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34 pramANaparIkSA 2, 7, 9, 23, 25, 27, 68, 70, 72, 74, 78, 82-84, 141 / pramANamImAMsA 4, 13, 106 - 108, 119, 134 / pramANavArttika 1, 6, 30, 44, 48, 54, 33, 74, 75, 89, 90, 94, 96, 131 / pramANavArttikAlaGkAra 9, 44 // 7. bhASATippaNagata vizeSa nAmoM kI sUcI bhAmaha 50 / bhAsarvajJa 7,92,96, 97, 103, 134, 135, 48, 50, 52, 140, 142 / pramANasamuccaya 1, 5, 6, 15, 26, 67, 81, 108, 113, 14, pramANasaMgraha 1, 2, 64, 82, 83, 118 / prameyakamalamArtaNDa 9, 13, 18, 25, 26, 37, 45, 51, 65, 66, 74, 76, 78, 82, 97, 99, 100, 103, 109, 119-121, 123, 124, 199, 140 / prameyaratnamAlA 3, 9, 27, 35, 38, 70, 76, 78, 82, 83, 90, 92, 94 / 74, prazastapAda 15, 23, 26, 02, 73, 81, 88, 92, 96, 97, 100, 103, 104, 107 // prazastapAdabhASya 3, 4, 15, 28, 45, 47, 48, 72, 81, 88, 92, 96, 98, 99, 101, 103, 104, 105, 107, 134, 139 / ba buddha 27, 29, 31, 32, 36, 57, 58, 61, 76 // buddhaghoSa 40 / bRhadravyasaMgrahaTIkA 125 / bRhatsvayaMbhU stotra 6 / bRhatI 5, 16, 26, 52, 131 / bRhatIpaJjikA 12, 16 / bRhadAraNyaka 33 / bRhadAraNyaka vArttika 10 / bha bhagavatI 20, 30, 54-56, 61, 62, 70 / bhadrabAhu 20, 95 / bhartRprapaJca 61 / bhartRhari 115, 126 / bhavadAsa 51, 52 / bhAmatI 2, 4, 24, 35, 60, 180 1 yajJaTa 32 / yazovijaya 27, 56, 66, 128, 129, 135, 141, 142 / yuksyanuzAsana 58 / yogasUtra 15, 29, 33, 38, 62, 72, 131, 133, 135 / yogasUtrabhASya 2, 29, 35, 38, 48, 50, 61, 63, 132 / bodhicaryAvatAra 60 / yogasena 59, 60 / { ra bodhicaryAvatAra paJjikA 1 | brahmasUtra ( zAGkarabhASya ) 2, 34, 46, 58, 63, ratnAkarAvatArikA 99, 123 / 64, 76 / 130 manimanikAya 30, 34, 38, 61, 62, 76 / mAdhyamikakArikA 74 / madhva 125, 126 / manorathanandinI 74, 78 / maliSeNa 65 / mahAvagga 6 / / mahAvIra 20, 29, 31, 32, 48, 57, 58, 61, 70, 76 / mAThara 81, 89, 96, 94, 99, 104 / mATharavRtti 39, 42, 45, 81, 94, 96, 139 / mANikyanandI 7, 9, 13, 14, 27, 68,72, 79, 83, 84, 88-91, 95 99, 103, 105, 119 / mAdhavAcArya 17, 44 / muNDakopaniSad 66 / muktAvalI 23, 45, 47, 82, 135 / ya rAjavArttika 23 / rAjavArttikakAra 22 / : ma rAmAnuja 133, 137 / rAmAyaNa 73 / 9 la laghIyastrayI, 1, 22, 45, 55, 60, 61, 68, 74, 129, 135 // laghIyastrayIsvavivRti, 15, 12, 16, 42, 45, 41, 69, 76-58, 125 / t

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sa 7. bhASATippaNamata vizeSa nAmoM kI sUcI 35 zaGkaramizra 23 / / varddhamAna 12, 13, 108 / zaGkarasvAmI 109 / zaGkarAcArya 2, 35, 63, 64, 13... ballabha 125, 26 casubandhu 1,14,14. . zAntarakSita 6,17-19,30,31,25,3 . vAcaspati 2-5, 11, 40, 41, 49, 50, 52, 52, 14,17, 69, 81, 12. / zAvarabhASya 2,16, 26, 27, 31, 18, 19, 59, 10,03.75, 01, 85, 93, 123, 51,52, 7, 139 / vAtsyAyana 3-6, 49, 89, 95, 120 // zAlikanAtha 12,50,94, 15, 13 / ' zAstradIpikA 5, 12, 23, 133 / vAtsyAyanabhASya 3, 48, 14. / zAstravArtAsamuccaya 36, 67 / pAdadvAtriMzikA ...,12 / zAstravArtAsamuccayaTIkA (svopjny)65| vAdadvAtriMzikA (yazovijaya) 112 / zAstravAsimuccaya-TIkA 66 / vAdanyAya 1, 59, 95, 96, 108, 10, 12.. zrIdhara 3, 5, 15,73,81, 197 vAdASTaka 110 / zrIbhASya 110, 132, 133 / vAdavidhi 11,111 / zlokavArtika 5, 16, 17, 26, 28, 30, ", vAdideva 23, 7, 94-90, 99, 103, 107. 6, 45, 40,51,52, 55, 50, 11,54, 108, 129 / 7,68,70,.", 73,76, 78,94,13. / vAdirAja 125 / zlokavArtikanyAyaratnamAlA 31, 51,52, 27 / vaadopnissdvaatriNshikaa"| vArSagaNya 51, . sanmatiTIkA 7, 25, 11, 52, 56, 57, 65, vidyAnanda 2, 7, 8, 13, 23, 24,38, 47,40, 83, 129, 141 / 52, 51,65, 6, 72, 83-85, 118, sanmatitarka 7, 58, 14, 108 / 1.9, 12, 123, 24,140 / saptabhaGgItaraGgiNI 64 / vidyAbhUSaNa (satIzacandra )172 / / samantabhadra 6-4, 33, 57, 18, 108 / vindhyavAsI 52, 53 / sarvadarzanasaMgraha 17, 13, 14 / vizuddhimArga 39,41,10,66 / / sarvArthasiddhi 21, 22, 24, 37, 39, 40, 42, vizeSAvazyakabhASya 12, 24, 35, 55, 11, 43, 16, 10, 72, 134 / - 72, 138 / saMyuttanikAya / vizeSAvazyakamANya bRhadavRtti 17 / sAmaTa 31 / vizvanAtha 12. / sAMkhyakArikA 3, 23, 33, 35, 40, 42,43, 45, viSNu 31 . 15,55,63,16,89,131, 133, 138 / veda 16, 17, 28, 29, 30, 31, 73 / / sAMkhyatattvakaumudI 3, 24-26, 45, 67 / vedAntaparibhASA 114 / . . sAMkhyasUtra 49, 52, 139 / vaiyAkaraNabhuSaNasAra 136 / siddharSi 14, 23, 25 / vaizeSikasUtra 1, 5, 15, 25, 26, 20, 13, | siddhasena 6-8, 23,50,56, 50, 60,71,80, 11, 55, 16, 7, 83.85, 16, 112, 86,91-93,97, 103, 105, 108.10, 133, 137 / 112, 7, 28, 35, 140, 14 / / brahmA 31 / siddhAntacandrodaya 5 / . . siddhivinizcaya 1, 19 / zabara / siddhivinizcayaTIkA 22, 25, 109, 116, 110 / zabdAnuzAsana / sImandharasvAmI 83 /

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36 sugata 33, 108 / sUtrakRtAGga 53, 61 / sthAnAMga 4, 20, 62 // sphuTArthAbhidharma koSavyAkhyA 41-43 / syAdvAdamaJjarI 36, 65 / 7. bhASATippaNagata vizeSa nAma kI sUcI hetuvindu vivaraNa 78 / hemacandra 2-4, 7, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 18-20, 23, 35, 33, 36, 30, 39-41, 44-16, 48, 49, 51-54, 56, 57, 60, 61, 64, 65, 68-72, 74, 7680, 83, 85-90, 91-300, 101, 106-108, 113, 118, 119, 121, 123, 129, 130, 132, 135,136, 141, 142 / zabdAnuzAsana 39, 108, 136 / haimazabdAnuzAsanabRhadvRtti 115 / syAdvAdaralAkara 8-10, 23, 25, 26, 48, -52, 64, 65, 68, 74, 76, 08, 82, 89, 91, 94, 95, 97, 100, 103, 119, 141 / ha haribhadra 48, 56, 64, 65 / hetucakra 142 / bindu ( likhita ) 1, 12, 63, 81 / hetubinduTIkA ( likhita ) 10, 12, 14, 63, 66,77, 78, 80, 81, 85 / Buddhist Logic 6, 81, 140, 143 / Indian Logic 142 / Indian Psychology : Perception 115, 133 / Pre. Dinnaga Buddhist Logic 120 /

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siMghI jaina granthamAlA // mudritagranthAH // mUlyam 3-12-0 5-0-0 4-0-0 1 prabandhacintAmaNi [merutuGgAcAryaviracita 2 purAtanaprabandhasaMgraha [prabandhacintAmaNisambaddhaanekAnekapurAtanaprabandhasaMgraha] 3 prabandhakoza [rAjazekharasUriviracita] 4 vividhatIrthakalpa [jinaprabhasUriviracita] 5 devAnandamahAkAvya [meghavijayopAdhyAyaviracita] 6 jainatarkabhASA [paNDitasukhalAlajIkRtaTIkAdisamanvitA] 7 pramANamImAMsA [zrIhemacandrAcAryaviracitA] 8 Life of Hemachandracharya [By Dr. G. Buhler] 4-4-0 2-12-0 2-0-0 5-0-0 3-8-0 patravyavahAra saMcAlaka-siMghI jaina granthamAlA anekAnta vihAra, 9 zAntinagara, po0 sAbaramatI AzramaroDa, ahamadAbAda Published by Babu Rajendra Sinha Singhi, for Singhi Jaina Jnanapitha, Ballygunge, Calcutta. Printed by Narayan Rajaram Soman, at Shri Lakshmi Narayan Press, Benares City. dein Education international * For Private & Personal use only