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________________ zrImallaghuanantavIrya viracitA prameyaratnamAlA hindI vyAkhyA - DaoN.ramezacanda jaina PREavalespersonasonly eine alion lntematona O Danieliterary.org
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________________ yuga pramukha cAritraziromaNi sanmArgadivAkara pUjya AcAryazrI vimalasAgarajI mahArAja kI hIraka jayantI prakAzana mAlA zrImallaghu anantavIrya viracitA prameyaratnamAlA hindI vyAkhyA DaoN0 ramezacandra jaina, jainadarzanAcArya ___ ema. e., pI-eca. DI., Di. liT adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga, varddhamAna kAleja, bijanaura (u0 pra0) artha sahayoga zrImatI kamalAdevI jo suputra kailAzacandra bhagavatI prasAda rArA jaina palaTana bAjAra, gohATI (AsAma) Onmod prakAzaka bhAratavarSIya anekAnta vidvat pariSad
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________________ hIraka jayantI prakAzanamAlA puSpa saMkhyA-56 preraka : upAdhyAya munizrI bharatasAgarajI mahArAja nirdezaka : AryikA syAdvAdamatI mAtAjI prabaMdha saMpAdaka: ba. dharmacanda zAstrI, bra0 ku. prabhA pATanI grantha : prameyaratnamAlA praNetA : zrI anantavIrya saMskaraNa : prathama saMskaraNa pratiyA~ 1000 vIranirvANa saM0 2518 san 1992 prakAzaka : bhAratavarSIya anekAnta vidvat pariSad prApti sthAna : (1) AcArya vimalasAgarajI saMgha (2) anekAnta siddhAnta samiti, lohAriyA, bA~savAr3A [ rAjasthAna ] (3) zrI di0 jaina mandira, gulAbabATikA, lonI roDa, dillI mUlya varddhamAna mudraNAlaya, javAharanagara, vArANasI
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________________ samarpaNa cAritra ziromaNi sanmArga divAkara karuNA nidhi vAtsalya mUrti atizaya yogItIrthoddhAraka cUDAmaNiapAya vicaya dharmadhyAna ke dhyAtA zAnti-sudhAmRta ke dAnI vartamAna meM dharma-patitoM ke uddhAraka jyoti pujapatitoM ke pAlaka tejasvI amara puJja kalyANakartA, duHkhoM ke hartA, samadRSTA bIsavIM sadI ke amara santa parama tapasvI, isa yuga ke mahAn sAdhaka jina bhakti ke amara preraNAsrota puNya pujagurudeva AcAryavayaM zrI 108 zrIvimalasAgara jI mahArAja ke kara-kamaloM meM "grantharAja" samarpita
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________________ tubhyaM namaH parama dharma prabhAvakAya / tubhyaM namaH parama tIrtha sUvandakAya / / "syAdvAda" sUkti saraNi pratibodhakAya / tubhyaM namaH vimala sindhu yaguNArNavA / /
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________________ kigaNita sAtmaka sAmAnya jyotiSa zAstra AcArya zrI vimala sAgara jI mahArAja .
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________________ upAdhyAya zrI bharata sAgara jI mahArAja
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________________ sonAgira // AzIrvAda vigata niyama se jainAgama ko mila karane vAlA eka ATTA mitA aisA --, gayA ki matmapara asatA kA AgA Ane lagAekAntavAda - niyAmAsa tara pakAne lgaa| mAna ke isa bhautika pura meM amana ke apanA prabhAva palAne meM vizrAma nahIM kA hotA, kaTu satya ! kAraNa jIta ke mikA sAkAra janAdikAla se ule rahe hai / vigata ....noM meM ekAntavAda, natva kA tarIkA sagA kara nizyapa jA kI Ar3a meM syAhAra ko pIche dhakelane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| nigA sAhitya ko pramANa - pracAra kiyA hai / AzA kunya kunya 20 Ai lekara apanI ramAnAhI hai aura i bhAgaye badala die haiM azA anartha kara diyA hai| janoM meM apanI samatA para ekAnta' meM lohAliyA para apanI ora se janatA ko proSita sAmAditya sulabha hI kamA pAe / adhArma-zrI vimalamARUA mahArAja kA hIraka AmanI varSa hamAre lie eka svayi avasara lekara AyA hai. bhAmikA syAdvAdamatI prAmAjI ne Adharma kI spaM hamAre sAni eka, samapatimA A pUjya AcArya kI roka pAnI ke avasara para Apa zAhilA kA pratura prakAzana : aura bhaha - E ko sulaga ho / phalata 75 3 // gandhoM ke palAzana kA vinaya kiyA gayA hai. kyodi satyama ke tejasvI hone para anasatya upakAra svA. hI palAsA kara jAtA hai| AI gamo ke prakAzana hai jina amAtmAjoM ne apatI svIkRti dI evaM pratyA- parokSa rUpa se jisa kisI ke bhI 3rA mahadAja meM kisI bhI prakAra kA sAmAna kiyA ! sabako hamArA AzIrvAda hai / pAradhAma bharata zAyara nA.11-7. 191.
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________________ 'saMkalpa' 'NANaM payAsaM' samyagjJAna kA pracAra-prasAra kevalajJAna kA bIja hai| Aja kalayuga meM jJAna prApti kI to hor3a lagI hai| padaviyA~ aura upAdhiyA~ jIvana kA sarvasva bana cukI haiM parantu samyagjJAna kI ora manuSyoM kA lakSya hI nahIM hai / ___jIvana meM mAtra jJAna nahIM, samyagjJAna apekSita hai| Aja tathAkathita aneka vidvAn apanI managaDhanta bAtoM kI puSTi pUrvAcAryoM kI mohara lagAkara kara rahe haiN| UTapaTA~ga lekhaniyA~ satya kI zreNI meM sthApita kI jA rahI haiN| kAraNa pUrvAcArya praNIta grantha Aja sahaja sulabha nahIM haiM aura unake prakAzana va paThana-pAThana kI jaisI aura jitanI ruci apekSita hai, vaisI aura utanI dikhAI nahIM detii| asatya ko haTAne ke lie parcebAjI karane yA vizAla sabhAoM meM prastAva pArita karane mAtra se kAryasiddhi honA azakya hai| satsAhitya kA jitanA adhika prakAzana va paThana-pAThana prArambha hogA, asat kA palAyana hogaa| apanI saMskRti kI rakSA ke lie Aja satsAhitya ke pracura prakAzana kI mahatI AvazyakatA haiyenaite vidalanti vAdi girayastuSyanti vAgIzvarAH, bhavyA yena vidanti nirvRti padaM muJcanti mohaM budhAH / yad bandhuryanmitraM yadakSayasukhasyAdhArabhUtaM mataM, ___ tallokatrayazuddhidaM jinavacaH puSyAd vivekazriyam // san 1984 se mere mastiSka meM yaha yojanA bana rahI thI parantu tathya yaha hai ki 'saGkalpa' ke binA siddhi nahIM miltii| sanmArgadivAkara AcArya 108 zrI vimalasAgara jI mahArAja kI hIraka jayantI ke mAMgalika avasara para mA~ jinavANI kI sevA kA yaha saGkalpa maiMne pa0 pU0 gurudeva AcAryazrI va upAdhyAyajI ke caraNa-sAnnidhya meM liyaa| AcAryazrI va upAdhyAyazrI kA mujhe bharapUra AzIrvAda prApta huA / phalataH isa kArya meM kAphI hada taka saphalatA milI hai| isa mahAna kArya meM vizeSa sahayogI paM0 dharmacandra jI va prabhA jI pATanI rahe, * inheM va pratyakSa-parokSa meM kAryarata sabhI kAryakartAoM ke lie merA AzIrvAda hai| pUjya gurudeva ke pAvana caraNa-kamaloM meM siddha-zruta-AcAryabhavitapUrvaka namostunamostu-namostu / sonAgira, 11-7-90 AyikA syAdvAdamatI
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________________ .. AbhAra sampratyasti na kevalI kila kalo trailokyacUr3AmaNistadvAcaH paramAsate'tra bharatakSetre jagadyotikA / sadratnatrayadhAriNo yativarAsteSAM samAlambanaM, tatpUjA jinavAcipUjanamataH sAkSajjinaH pUjitaH / / padmanaMdI paM0 // vartamAna meM isa kalikAla meM tIna loka ke pUjya kevalI bhagavAn isa bharatakSetra meM sAkSAt nahIM haiM tathApi samasta bharatakSetra meM jagatprakAzinI kevalI bhagavAn ko vANI maujUda hai tathA usa vANI ke AdhArastambha zreSTha ratnatrayadhArI muni bhI haiM / isalie usa muniyoM kA pUjana to sarasvatI kA pUjana hai, tathA sarasvatI kA pUjana sAkSAt kevalI bhagavAn kA pUjana hai / / ArSa paramparA kI rakSA karate hue Agama patha para calanA bhavyAtmAoM kA kartavya hai / tIrthaMkara ke dvArA pratyakSa dekhI gaI, divyadhvani meM prasphuTita tathA gaNadhara dvArA gundhita vaha mahAn AcAryoM dvArA prasArita jinavANI kI rakSA pracAra-prasAra mArga prabhAvanA nAmaka eka bhAvanA tathA prabhAvanA nAmaka samyagdarzana kA aMga hai| DaoN0 ramezacandra jaina bijanaura ne isa grantha ko hindI vyAkhyA vistAra se likhakara viSaya ko spaSTa kara diyA hai prastAvanA bhI mahattvapUrNa hai isake liye maiM unakI AbhArI huuN| yugapramukha AcAryazrI ke hIraka jayaMtI varSa ke upalakSya meM hameM jinavANI ke prasAra ke lie eka apUrva avasara prApta huaa| vartamAna yuga meM AcAryazrI ne samAja va deza ke lie apanA jo tyAga aura dayA kA anudAna diyA hai vaha bhArata ke itihAsa meM cirasmaraNIya rahegA / grantha prakAzanArtha hamAre sAnnidhya yA netRtva pradAtA pUjya upAdhyAya zrI bharatasAgarajI mahArAja va nirdezikA jinhoMne parizrama dvArA granthoM ko khojakara vizeSa sahayoga diyA, aisI pUjyA AryikA syAdvAdamatI mAtAjI ke lie maiM zata-zata namostu-vaMdAmi arpaNa karatI haiN| sAtha hI tyAgIvarga, jinhoMne ucita nirdezana diyA unako zata-zata namana karatI huuN| grantha prakAzanArtha amUlya nidhi kA sahayoga dene vAloM kI maiM AbhArI hU~ tathA yathAsamaya zuddha grantha prakAzita karane vAle varddhamAna mudraNAlaya kI bhI maiM AbhArI huuN| anta meM pratyakSa-parokSa rUpa meM sabhI sahayogiyoM ke lie kRtajJatA vyakta karate hue satya jinazAsana kI, jinAgama kI bhaviSya meM isI prakAra rakSA karate raheM, aisI bhAvanA karatI huuN| bra0 prabhA pATanI saMghastha
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________________ prakAzakIya isa paramANu yuga meM mAnava ke astitva kI hI nahIM apitu prANimAtra ke astitva kI surakSA kI samasyA hai| isa samasyA kA nidAna 'ahiMsA' se kiyA jA sakatA hai| ahiMsA jainadharma-saMskRti kI mUla AtmA hai / yahI jinavANI kA sAra bhI hai / tIrthaMkaroM ke mukha se nikalI vANI ko gaNadharoM ne grahaNa kiyA aura AcAryoM ne nibaddha kiyA jo Aja hameM jinavANI ke rUpa meM prApta hai| isa jinavANI kA pracAraprasAra isa yuga ke lie atyanta upayogI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki hamAre pUjya AcArya, upAdhyAya evaM sAdhugaNa jinavANI ke svAdhyAya aura pracAra-prasAra meM lage hue haiM / unhIM pUjya AcAryoM meM se eka haiM sanmArga divAkara, cAritracUr3AmaNi paramapUjya AcAryavarya vimalasAgarajI mahArAja / jinakI amRtamayI vANI prANimAtra ke lie kalyANakArI hai| AcAryavarya kI hamezA bhAvanA rahatI hai ki Aja ke samaya meM prAcIna AcAryoM dvArA praNIta granthoM kA prakAzana ho aura mandiroM meM svAdhyAya heturakhe jA~ya jise pratyeka zrAvaka par3hakara moharUpI andhakAra ko naSTa kara jJAnajyoti jalA skeN| jainadharma kI prabhAvanA jinavANI ke pracAra-prasAra sampUrNa vizva meM ho, ArSa paramparA kI rakSA ho evaM antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra kA zAsana nirantara abAdhagati se calatA rahe / ukta bhAvanAoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara paramapUjya jJAnadivAkara, vANIbhUSaNa upAdhyAyaratna bharatasAgarajI mahArAja evaM AryikAratna syAdvAdamatI mAtA jI kI preraNA va nirdezana meM paramapUjya AcArya vimalasAgarajI mahArAja kI 75vIM janma-jayantI para bhAratavarSIya anekAnta vidvat pariSada ne 75 granthoM ke prakAzana ke yojanA ke sAtha hI bhArata ke vibhinna nagaroM meM 75 dhArmika zikSaNa ziviroM kA Ayojana kiyA jA rahA hai aura 75 pAThazAlAoM kI sthApanA bhI kI jA rahI hai / isa jJAna yajJa meM pUrNa sahayoga karane vAle 75 vidvAnoM kA sammAna evaM 75 yuvA vidvAnoM ko pravacana hetu taiyAra karanA tathA 7775 yuvA varga se saptavyasana kA tyAga karanA Adi yojanAe~ isa hIraka jayantI varSa meM pUrNa kI jA rahI haiN| una vidvAnoM kA bhI AbhArI hU~ jinhoMne granthoM ke prakAzana meM anuvAdaka sampAdaka evaM saMzodhaka ke rUpa meM sahayoga diyA hai| granthoM ke prakAzana meM jina dAtAoM ne artha kA sahayoga karake apanI caMcalA lakSmI kA sadupayoga kara puNyArjana kiyA, unako dhanyavAda jJApita karatA huuN| ye grantha vibhinna presoM meM prakAzita hue| etadartha una presa saMcAlakoM ko bhI dhanyavAda detA huuN| anta meM una sabhI sahayogiyoM kA AbhArI hU~ jinhoMne pratyakSa-parokSa meM sahayoga kiyA hai / bra0 paM0 dharmacanda zAstrI ayadhkSa, bhAratavarSIya anekAnta vidvat pariSad
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________________ prastAvanA bhAratIya darzana meM jainadarzana kI paramparA bhAratIya darzana Astika aura nAstika do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita hai| Izvara, AtmA, paraloka Adi ko jo mAnatA hai baha Astika aura jo inheM nahIM mAnatA hai, vaha nAstika kahA jAtA hai| isa apekSA vicAra karane para cArvAka darzana ko chor3akara zeSa bhAratIya darzana Astika haiM / cArvAka cUMki Izvara, AtmA, paralokAdi ko nahIM mAnatA hai, ataH use nAstika kahakara prAyaH pratyeka darzana meM usakI AlocanA kI gaI hai| bhAratIya darzanoM meM anekAntavAda ke kAraNa jainadarzana kA viziSTa sthAna hai / yaha parama Astika darzana hai / jo loga 'nAstiko vedanindakaH' kahakara jainadarzana ko nAstika kI zreNI meM lAne kI ceSTA karate haiM, unakI paribhASA saMkucita aura ekAGgI hai / jainadarzana kI paramparA anAdi hai / vartamAna meM yaha prathama tIrthaMkara bhagavAn RSabhadeva se pravAhita hokara caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra taka pravAhita hotI rahI / mahAvIra ke prathama ziSya gautama gaNadhara ne use dvAdazAGga meM nibaddha kiyaa| ina bAraha aMgoM meM se gyAraha meM to svasamaya kA pratipAdana thA, kintu bArahaveM dRSTivAda meM 363 matoM kA sthApanApUrvaka nivAraNa thA / dRSTivAda aGga kA adhikAMza bhAga lupta ho gyaa| phira bhI pUrva paramparA se jo kucha avaziSTa rahA, usI ke AdhAraNa nyAyazAstra ke dhurINoM ne apanA prAmAda khar3A kiyA aura tatkAlIna anya dArzanikoM ke tarka-vitarkoM se jabardasta lohA liyaa| AcArya kundakunda kundakunda vikrama kI prathama zatAbdI ke AcAryaratna mAne jAte hai| jaina paramparA meM bhagavAn mahAvIra aura gautama gaNadhara ke bAda kundakunda kA nAma lenA maGgalakAraka mAnA jAtA hai / unake dvArA praNIta grantha nimnalikhita haiM 1. niyamasAra, 2. paMcAstikAya, 3. pravacanasAra, 4. samayasAra, 5. bArasa aNuvekkhA, 6. daMsaNa pAhuDa, 7. caritta pAhuDa, 8. sutta pAhuDa, 9. bodhapAhuDa, 10. bhAvapAhuDa, 11. mokkha pAhuDa, 12. sIla pAhuDa, 13. liMga pAhuDa, 14. 1. DaoN0 lAlabahAdura zAstrI : AcArya kundakunda aura unakA samayasAra pR0 121 / 2. maGgalaM bhagavAnvIro maGgalaM gautamo gaNI / maGgalaM kundakundAdyo jainadharmo'stu maGgalam //
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM dasabhatti saMgaho / inake atirikta mUlAcAra aura tirukkurala bhI AcArya kundakunda kRta mAne jAte haiM / kahA jAtA hai ki AcArya kundakunda ne 84 pAhuDoM kI racanA kI thI, kintu vartamAna meM kucha hI upalabdha haiN| ___AcArya kundakunda ne tatkAlIna vibhinna dRSTiyoM kA samanvaya kiyA hai / dravya kA Azraya lekara unhoMne satkAryavAda kA samarthana karate hue kahA hai ki dravya dRSTi se dekhA jAya to bhAva vastu kA kabhI nAza nahIM hotA aura abhAva kI utpatti nahIM hotii| isa prakAra dravya dRSTi se satkAryavAda kA samarthana karake AcArya kundakunda ne bauddhasammata asatkAryavAda kA samarthana karate hue kahA hai"guNa aura paryAyoM meM utpAda aura vyaya hote haiM / ataeva yaha mAnanA par3egA ki paryAya dRSTi se sat kA vinAza aura asat kI utpatti hotI hai| aupaniSadika darzana, vijJAnavAda aura zUnyavAda meM vastu kA nirUpaNa do dRSTiyoM se hone lagA thA-eka pAramArthika dRSTi aura dUsarI vyAvahArika dRSTi / tattva kA eka rUpa pAramArthika aura dUsarA sAMvRtika varNita hai| eka bhUtArtha hai to dUsarA abhUtArtha, eka alaukika hai to dUsarA laukika, eka zuddha hai to dUsarA azuddha, eka sUkSma hai to dUsarA sthUla / jaina Agama meM vyavahAra aura nizcaya ye do naya yA dRSTiyA~ kramazaH sthUla-laukika aura sUkSma-tattvagrAhI mAnI jAtI rahI haiM / AcArya kundakunda ne AtmanirUpaNa unhIM do dRSTiyoM kA Azraya lekara kiyA hai| AtmA ke pAramArthika zuddha rUpa kA varNana nizcayanaya ke Azraya se aura azuddha yA laukika-sthUla AtmA kA varNana vyavahAranaya ke Azraya se unhoMne kiyA hai| AcArya kundakunda kA kathana hai ki tattva kA varNana na nizcaya se ho sakatA hai, na vyavahAra se; kyoMki ye donoM naya amaryAdita evaM avAcya ko maryAdita aura vAcya banAkara varNana karate haiN| ataeva vastu kA paramazuddha svarUpa to pakSAtikrAnta hai, vaha na vyavahAragrAhya hai aura na nizcayagrAhya / jaise-jova ko vyavahAra ke Azraya se baddha kahA jAtA hai aura nizcaya ke Azraya se abaddha kahA jAtA hai / spaSTa hai ki jIva meM abaddha kA vyavahAra bhI baddha kI apekSA se huA hai| ataeva AcArya ne kaha diyA ki vastutaH jIva na baddha haiM aura na abaddha, kintu pakSAtikrAnta hai, yahI samayasAra hai, yahI paramAtmA hai| 1. bhAvassa Natthi NAso Natthi abhAvassa ceva uppAdo / guNapajjaesu bhAvA uppAdavae pakuvvaM ti ||-pNcaastikaay-15 2. paM0 dalasukha mAlavaNiyA : Agama yuga kA jainadarzana, pR0 241 / 3. vahI, pa0 247 / 4. kammaM baddhamabaddhaM jIve evaM tu jANa NayapakkhaM / __ pakkhAdikkato puNa bhaNNadi jo so samayasAro ||-smysaar-152
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________________ prastAvanA nAgArjuna ke zanyavAda ke virodha meM logoM kA tarka thA ki Apa jina vAkyoM aura zabdoM se zanyatA kA samarthana kara rahe haiM ve vAkya yA zabda zanya haiM yA nahIM ? yadi zanya haiM to unase zanyavAda kA samarthana kaise ho sakatA hai ? yadi zanya nahIM haiM to zanyavAda kA siddhAnta khaNDita ho jAtA hai| nAgArjuna isake uttara meM kahate haiM ki logoM ko unakI bhASA meM hI samajhAnA par3atA hai| zanya jagat ko zUnya bhASA meM zUnyavAda kA samarthana karanA hogaa| mleccha ko samajhAne ke lie mleccha bhASA kA hI sahArA lenA par3atA hai / dUsarA koI upAya nahIM hai nAnyayA bhASayA mlecchaH zakyo grAhayitu yathA / na laukikamRte lokaH zakyo grAhayituM tathA / -mAdhyamika kArikA, pR0 370 AcArya kundakunda ke sAmane prazna AtA hai ki yadi paramArtha se AtmA meM jJAna, darzana aura cAritra nahIM haiM to vyavahAra se unakA kathana kyoM kiyA jAtA hai ? kyoM nahIM eka paramArthabhUta hI kathana karate haiM / AcArya kundakunda kA uttara hai jaha Navi sakkamaNajjo aNajjabhAsaM viNA u gAheuM / taha vavahAreNa viNA paramatthuvadesaNamasakkaM // -samayasAra-8 jisa prakAra anArya ko anArya bhASA ke binA nahIM samajhAyA jA sakatA, usI prakAra vyavahAra ke binA paramArtha kA upadeza zakya nahIM hai / AcArya kundakunda ne khar3iyA kA dRSTAnta dete hue kahA hai ki jaise khar3iyA nizcaya se dIvAla se bhinna hai, vyavahAra se kahA jAtA hai ki khar3iyA dIvAla ko sapheda karatI hai, isI prakAra nizcayadRSTi se jJAyaka AtmA sahaja jJAyaka hai, paradravya ko jAnatA hai, isalie jJAyaka nahIM hai| vyavahAra dRSTi se jJAyaka apane svabhAva ke dvArA paradravya ko doNNa vi NayAga bhaNiyaM jANai NavaraM tu samayapaDibaddho / Na duNaNya pakkhaM giNhadi kiM ci vi NayapakkhaparihINo // -samayasAra-153 1. zUnyatA sarvadRSTonAM proktA niHsaraNaM jinaH / yeSAM tu zUnyatAdRSTistAnasAdhyAn babhASire / zUnyamiti va vaktavyamazUnyamiti vA bhavet / ubhayaM nobhayaM ceti prajJaptyarthaM tu kathyate / / -mAdhyamika kArikA 13/8, 22/11 2. kundakunda aura unakA samayasAra, pR0 213-214 /
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM jAnatA hai / isa prakAra sarvajJa nizcayadRSTi se AtmajJa aura vyavahAradRSTi se sarvajJa hai|' samayasAra kI jayasenAcArya kRta TIkA meM bauddhoM kI ora se kahA gayA hai ki buddha bhI vyavahAra se sarvajJa haiM, unheM dUSaNa kyoM dete ho ? isakA parihAra karate hue kahA gayA hai ki saugata Adi ke mata meM jaise nizcayanaya kI apekSA vyavahAra satya nahIM hai, vaise hI vyavahAra se bhI vyavahAra inake yahA~ mithyA hI hai, kintu jainamata meM to vyavahAranaya yadyapi nizcayanaya kI apekSA mithyA hai, kintu vyavahAra rUpa meM to satya hI hai| yadi lokavyavahAra rUpa meM bhI satya na ho to phira sArA lokavyavahAra mithyA ho jAya, aisA hone para koI vyavasthA na bane / isalie upayukta kathana ThIka hI hai ki paradravya ko to AtmA vyavahAra se jAnatA, dekhatA hai, kintu nizcaya se apane Apako dekhatA jAnatA hai / gaddhapiccha umAsvAmi __ jaina paramparA meM saMskRta meM sarvaprathama sUtra grantha likhane vAloM meM gRddha vicchAcArya umAsvAmi kA nAma agraNI hai| dasa adhyAyoM meM likhita isa grantha meM tattvArtha kA vivecana huA hai| isakI mahattA isI se spaSTa hai ki paravartI AcAryoM ne isa para bar3I-bar3I gambhIra aura vizada TAkAyeM likhoM aura yaha grantha jainadharma ke prArambhika jijJAsuoM se lekara bar3e-bar3e AcAryoM taka ko samAnarUpa se upayogI hai / yaha jainoM kI ubhaya paramparA digambara aura zvetAmbara meM mAnya hai| isake kartA AcArya kundakunda ke ziSya kahe jAte haiN| isameM pramANa aura nayoM kI carcA huI hai / yahA~ kahA gayA hai ki 'pramANanayairadhigamaH' arthAta pramANa aura nayoM ke dvArA padArthoM kA yathArtha jJAna hotA hai / pramANa ke yahA~ mati Adi pA~ca bheda tathA pramANAbhAsa ke kumati, kuzruta aura kuavadhi kahe gae haiN| yahA~ mati aura zruta ko parokSa tathA zeSa tIna ko pratyakSa kahA gayA hai| anumAnaprayoga ke tIna avayavoM pakSa, hetu aura udAharaNa kA yahA~ prayoga kiyA gayA hai / jaise matizrutAvadhayo viparyayazca ( pakSa ) sadasatora vizeSAdyadRcchopalabdheH / ( hetu ) unmattavat / ( udAharaNa ) tattvArthasUtra 1/31, 32 asaMkhyeyabhAgAdiSu jIvAnAm (pakSa ) pradezamahAravimarpAbhyAM ( hetu ) pradIpavat ( udAharaNa ) ta. sU. 5/15, 16 1. samayasAra 385-394, jayasena TIkA, pR0 321 / 2. vahI, pR0 321 /
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________________ prastAvanA tattvArthasUtra meM apita ( mukhya ) aura anarpita vivakSA se vastutattva kI siddhi kI gaI hai / isa prakAra isa grantha meM nyAyazAstra ke bIja vidyamAna haiN| AcArya samantabhadra AcArya zrI jugalakizora mukhtAra ne samantabhadra ke sAhitya kA gambhIra AloDana kara unakA samaya vikrama kI dvitIya zatI mAnA hai| inake mata kA samarthana DaoN0 jyotiprasAda jaina ne aneka yuktiyoM se kiyA hai| unhoMne likhA haisvAmI samantabhadra kA samaya 120-185 I0 nirNIta hotA hai aura yaha siddha hotA hai ki unakA janma pUrvataTavartI nAgarAjya saMgha ke antargata uragapura ( vartamAna tricanApallI ) ke nAgavaMzI colanareza kIlikavarman ke kaniSTha putra evaM uttarAdhikArI sarvavarmana ( zeSanAga ) ke anuja rAjakumAra zAntivarmana ke rUpa meM sambhavatayA I0 san 120 ke lagabhaga huA thA / san 138 I0 zaka saM060 meM unhoMne munidIkSA lI aura 185 I0 ke lagabhaga svargastha hue / samantabhadra dvArA praNIta racanAyeM nimnalikhita mAnI jAtI haiM 1. bRhat svayambhUstotra, 2. stuti vidyA-jinazataka, 3. devAgama stotraAptamImAMsA, 4. yuktyanuzAsana, 5. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, 6. jIvasiddhi, 7. pramANa padArtha, 8. tattvAnuzAsana, 9. prAkRta vyAkaraNa 10. karma prAbhRta TIkA, 11. gandhahasti mahAbhASya / svAmI samantabhadra stutikAra the| bAda ke kucha granthakAroM ne isI vizeSaNa ke sAtha unakA ullekha kiyA hai| apane iSTadeva kI stuti ke byAja se unhoMne eka ora hetuvAda ke AdhAra para sarvajJa kI siddhi kI, dUsarI ora vividha ekAntavAdoM kI samIkSA karake anekAntavAda kI pratiSThA kii| unhoMne jaina paramparA meM sambhavatayA sarvaprathama nyAyazAstra zabda kA prayoga karake eka ora nyAya ko sthAna diyA to dUsarI ora nyAyazAstra meM syAdvAda ko guMphita kiyaa| unhoMne anekAnta meM anekAnta kI yojanA btlaaii| pramANa kA dArzanika lakSaNa aura phala batAyA, 1. vizeSa jAnakArI hetu DaoN0 darabArIlAla koThiyA kA lekha 'tattvArthasUtra meM nyAyazAstra ke bIja' dekhie ( paNDita bAbUlAla jaina jamAdAra abhinandana grantha, pR0 120 ) / 2. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra (mANikacandra granthamAlA ) svAmI samantabhadra zIrSaka prabandha tathA anekAnta varSa 14, kiraNa 1, pR0 3-8 / 3. anekAnta varSa 14, kiraNa 11-12, pR0 324 / tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA, pR0 184 ( bhaag-2)| 4. paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI : jaina nyAya, pR0 8 /
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM syAdvAda kI paribhASA sthira kI / zruta pramANa ko syAdvAda aura vizakalita aMzoM kA naya batalAyA evaM sunaya tathA durnaya kI vyavasthA kI / samantabhadra kI AptamImAMsA para akaladeva ne aSTazatI tathA vidyAnanda ne aSTasahasrI kI racanA kii| vasunandi prabhRti TIkAkAroM ne zrI samantabhadra ke granthoM ke hArda ko spaSTa karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| siddhasena vidvAnoM ne aneka pramANoM ke AdhAra para sanmatisUtra ke kartA siddhasena ke samaya nirdhAraNa kA prayatna kiyA hai, tadanusAra unakA samaya pUjyapAda ( vikrama kI chaThI zatI ) aura akalaMka ( vi. kI 7vIM zatI ) kA madhyakAla arthAt vi0 saM0 625 ke Asa pAsa mAnA jAtA hai| siddhasena nAma ke eka se adhika AcArya hue haiN| sanmatisUtra aura kalyANamandira jaise granthoM ke racayitA siddhasena digambara sampradAya meM hue haiM / inake sAtha divAkara vizeSaNa nahIM hai| divAkara vizeSaNa zvetAmbara sampradAya meM hue siddhasena ke sAtha pAyA jAtA hai, jinakI kucha dvAtriMzikAyeM, nyAyAvatAra Adi racanAyeM haiN| inakA samaya sanmatisUtra ke kartA siddhasena se bhinna hai| pro. sukhalAla saMghavI ne donoM ko eka mAnakara unakA kAla vikrama kI pAMcavIM zatAbdI mAnA hai / jaina sAhitya ke kSetra meM dignAga jaise pratibhA sampanna vidvAn kI AvazyakatA ne hI pratibhAmUrti siddhasena ko utpanna kiyA hai| AcArya siddhasena kA samaya vibhinna dArzanikoM ke bAda vivAda kA samaya thaa| unakI dRSTi meM anekAntavAda kI sthApanA kA yaha zreSTha avasara thA, ataH unhoMne sanmatitarka kI racanA kI / unakI vizeSatA yaha hai ki unhoMne tatkAlIna nAnAvAdoM ko sanmatitarka meM vibhinna nayavAdoM meM sanniviSTa kara diyaa| advaitavAdoM ko unhoMne dravyArthikanaya ke saMgrahanaya rUpa prabheda meM samAviSTa kiyaa| kSaNikavAdI bauddhoM kI dRSTi ko siddhasena ne paryAyanayAntargata RjusUtranayAnusArI btaayaa| sAMkhya dRSTi kA samAveza dravyAthikanaya meM kiyA aura kANAdadarzana ko ubhayanayAzrita siddha kiyA / unakA to yahA~ taka kahanA hai ki saMsAra meM jitane vacana prakAra ho sakate haiM, jitane darzana evaM nAnA matavAda ho sakate haiM, utane hI nayavAda haiM, una sabakA samAgama hI anekAntavAda hai / sAMkhya kI dRSTi saMgrahAvalambI hai, abhedagAmI hai| 1. paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI : jaina nyAya, pR0 9-10 / 2. paM0 dalasukha mAlavaNiyA : Agama yuga kA jainadarzana, pR0 273 / 3. jAvaiyA NayavahA tAvaiyA ceva hoMti nnyvaayaa| __ jAvaiyA NayavAyA tAvaiyA ceva hoMti parasamayA //
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________________ prastAvanA ataeva vaha vastu ko nitya kahe, yaha svAbhAvika hai, usakI vahI maryAdA hai aura bauddha paryAyAnugAmI yA bhedadRSTi hone se vastu ko kSaNika yA anitya kahe, yaha bhI svAbhAvika hai, usakI vahI maryAdA hai, kintu vastu kA sampUrNa darzana na to kevala dravyadRSTi meM paryavasita hai aura na paryAyadRSTi meM, ataeva sAMkhya yA bauddha ko paraspara mithyAvAdI kahane kA svAtantrya nhiiN|' pAtrakesarI - svAmI pAtrakesarI ke samaya kI sImA vikrama kI navama zatAbdI se pUrva nizcita rUpa se siddha hotI hai, kyoMki mahApurANa ke prArambha meM jinasenAcArya ne unakA ullekha kiyA hai / diGnAga ke rUpya ke hetu lakSaNa kA khaNDana karane ke lie unhoMne vilakSaNa kadarthana nAmaka grantha likhA, ataH pAtrakesarI diGnAga ( IsA kI pA~cavIM zatAbdI) ke pazcAt hone caahie| trilakSaNa kadarthana viSayaka unakA zloka nimnalikhita hai anyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim / nAnyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim // bauddha dArzanika zAntarakSita ne 'tattvasaMgraha' ke anumAna parIkSA nAmaka prakaraNa meM pAtrakesarI ke "trilakSaNakadarthana" nAmaka grantha se kArikAyeM uddhRta karake unakI AlocanA kI hai| akalaMkadeva bhI zAntarakSita ke pUrva samakAlIna the, ataH unhoMne bhI usa grantha ko dekhA hogA, ataH nyAyazAstra ke mukhya aMga hetu Adi ke lakSaNa kA upapAdana avazya hI pAtrakesarI kI dena hai / mallavAdI vijayasiMha sUri prabandha meM eka gAthA meM likhA hai ki vIra saM0 884 meM mallavAdI ne bauddhoM ko hraayaa| arthAt vikrama saM0 414 meM yaha ghaTanA ghttii| isase yaha anumAna hotA hai ki vikrama saM0 414 meM mallavAdI vidyamAna the| AcArya siMhagaNi jo nayacakra ke TIkAkAra haiM, apohavAda ke samarthaka bauddha vidvAnoM ke lie adyatana bauddha vizeSaNa kA prayoga karate haiN| usase sUcita hotA hai ki diGnAga jaise bauddha vidvAn na kevala mallavAdI ke apitu siMhagaNi ke bhI jaM kAvilaM darisaNaM evaM davaTTiyasya vattavvaM / suddhoaNa taNaassa u parisuddho pajjavaviappo / / dohiM vi NayehiM NIyaM satthamulUeNa tahavi micchataM / jaM savisaappahA NattaNeNa aNNoNNaNi ravekkhA ||-snmti tarka 3/47-49 1. vahI, 1/10-12 / 2. paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI : jaina nyAya, pR0 23-24 /
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM samakAlIna haiN| samakAlIna hote hue bhI mallavAdI vRddha haiM aura diGnAga yuvA haiN|' mallavAdI kI sanmatitarka TIkA mahattvapUrNa hai| yaha TIkA isa samaya anupalabdha hai| unakA prasiddha evaM zreSTha grantha nayacakra hai / Aja taka ke granthoM meM yaha eka adbhuta grantha hai / tatkAlIna sabhI vAdoM ko sAmane rakhate hue unhoMne eka vAda cakra bnaayaa| usa cakra kA uttara uttaravAda pUrva pUrvavAda kA khaNDana karake apane-apane pakSa ko prabala pramANita karatA hai / pratyeka pUrvavAda apane ko sarvazreSTha evaM nirdoSa samajhatA hai / vaha yaha socatA hI nahIM ki uttaravAda merA bhI khaNDana kara sakatA hai| itane meM turanta uttaravAda AtA hai aura pUrvavAda ko pachAr3a detA hai| antima vAda puna: prathama vAda se parAjita hotA hai| anta meM koI bhI vAda aparAjita nahIM raha jAtA / anekAnta dRSTi kA Azraya lene se sabhI vAda surakSita raha sakate haiM / anekAntavAda ke anusAra samanvaya meM sabhI vAdoM ko ucita sthAna prApta ho jAtA hai / koI bhI vAda bahiSkRta ghoSita nahIM kiyA jAtA / bhaTTAkalaMka bhaTTa akalaMka prAcIna bhArata ke adbhuta vidvAn tathA lokottara vivecaka granthakAra evaM jaina vAGamaya rUpI nakSatra loka ke sabase adhika prakAzamAna tAre haiM / akalaMka ne nyAya pramANa zAstra kA jaina paramparA meM jo prAthamika nirmANa kiyA, jo paribhASAyeM, jo lakSaNa va parIkSaNa kiyA, jo pramANa, prameya Adi kA vargIkaraNa kiyA aura parArthAnumAna tathA vAda, kathA Adi paramata prasiddha vastuoM ke sambandha meM jo jaina praNAlI sthira kI, saMkSepa meM jaina paramparA meM nahIM, para anya paramparAoM meM prasiddha tarkazAstra ke aneka padArthoM ko jaina dRSTi se jaina paramparA meM jo sAtmIbhAva kiyA tathA Agamasiddha apane mantavyoM ko jisa taraha dArzanikoM ke sAmane rakhane yogya banAyA, vaha saba choTe-choTe granthoM meM vidyamAna unake asAdhAraNa vyaktitva kA tathA nyAya pramANa sthApanA yuga kA dyotaka hai|4 akalaMkadeva kA samaya I0 720-780 siddha hotA hai| unake granthoM meM 1. paM0 dalasukha mAlavaNiyA : Agama yuga kA jainadarzana, pR0 296-297 / 2. DaoN0 mohanalAla mehatA : jainadarzana, pR0 102-103 / 3. nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa, bhAga 2 ( sAta kaur3I mukhopAdhyAya likhita prAkkathana) 4. paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI : darzana aura cintana, pR0 365 / 5. siddhivinizcaya TIkA, pra0 bhAga (paM0 mahendrakumAra nyAyAcArya likhita prastAvanA ), pR0 15 /
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________________ prastAvanA bauddha AcArya dharmakoti, prajJAkaragupta, dharmAkaradatta ( arcaTa ), zAntabhadra, dharmottara, karNakagomi tathA zAntarakSita ke granthoM kA ullekha yA prabhAva dRSTigocara hotA hai|' akalaka jaina nyAya ke pratiSThAtA mAne jAte haiN| unake pazcAt jo jaina granthakAra hue unhoMne apanI nyAya viSayaka racanAoM meM akalaMkadeva kA hI anusaraNa karate hue jaina nyAya viSayaka sAhityazrI kI zrIvRddhi kI aura jo bAteM akalaMkadeva ne apane prakaraNa meM sUtra rUpa meM kahI thIM, unakA upapAdana tathA vizleSaNa karate hue darzanAntaroM ke vividha mantavyoM kI samIkSA meM bRhatkAya grantha race, jisase jaina nyAyarUpI vRkSa pallavita aura puSpita huA / akalaMkadeva kI racanAyeM nimnalikhita haiM tattvArthavAnika-yaha gRddha picchAcArya umAsvAmi ke tattvArthasUtra grantha para udyotakarake nyAyavArtika kI zailI meM likhA gayA prathama vArtika hai / pUjyapAda kI sarvArthasiddhi kA bahubhAga isameM mUlavArtika kA rUpa pA gayA haiM / ___ aSTazatI-yaha samantabhadrakRta devAgama stotra kI saMkSipta vRtti hai / gahanatA, saMkSiptatA tathA arthagAmbhIrya meM isakI samAnatA karane yogya koI dUsarA grantha dArzanika kSetra meM dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| aSTazatI meM una saba viSayoM para to prakAza DAlA hI gayA hai, jo AptamImAMsA meM ullikhita haiN| kintu inake atirikta isameM nae viSayoM kA bhI samAveza kiyA hai| isameM sarvajJa ko na mAnane vAle mImAMsaka aura cArvAka ke sAtha-sAtha sarvajJavizeSa meM vivAda karane vAle bauddhoM kI bhI AlocanA kI gayI hai| sarvajJa sAdhaka anumAna kA samarthana karate hue una pakSadoSoM aura hetudoSoM kA udbhAvana karake khaNDana kiyA gayA hai, jinheM diGnAga Adi bauddha naiyAyikoM ne mAnA hai| icchA ke binA vacana kI utpatti, bauddhoM ke prati tarka pramANa kI siddhi, dharmakIrti dvArA abhimata nigraha sthAna kI AlocanA, svalakSaNa ko anirdezya mAnane kI AlocanA, svalakSaNa meM anabhilApyatva kI siddhi Adi nUtana viSayoM para aSTazatI meM acchA prakAza DAlA gayA hai| ___ laghIyastraya savivRtti-yaha grantha pramANapraveza, nayapraveza aura pravacanapraveza ina choTe-choTe tIna prakaraNoM kA saMgraha hai| laghIyastraya savivRtti kI pratiyoM meM isake pramANapraveza aura nayapraveza ko eka grantha ke rUpa meM mAnA hai tathA pravacana1. siddhivinizcaya TIkA, pra0 bhAga (paM0 mahendrakumAra nyAyAcArya likhita prastAvanA ), pR0 21-36 / 2. jaina nyAya, pR0 35 / / 3. pro0 udayacandra jaina : AptamImAMsA tattvadIpikA, pR0 45 (prstaavnaa)|
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________________ 10 prameyaratnamAlAyAM praveza ko pRthak; kyoMki usameM pRthak maMgalAcaraNa kiyA gayA hai aura nayapraveza ke viSayoM ko duharAyA hai| isase jJAta hotA hai ki akalaMkadeva ne prathama diGnAga ke nyAyapraveza kI jaina nyAya meM praveza karAne ke lie pramANanayapraveza banAyA thA / pIche yA to svayaM akalaMkadeva ne yA anantavIrya ne tInoM prakaraNoM kI laghIyasya saMjJA rakhI / nyAyavinizcaya - dharmakIrti ke pramANavArtika kI taraha nyAyavinizcaya kI racanA gadyapadyamaya rahI hai / vAdirAjasUri ne isa para nyAyavinizcaya vivaraNa TIkA bnaaii| jisake AdhAra para nyAyavinizcaya ke padyabhAga kI punaH sthApanA to kI gaI / kintu gadyabhAga ke saMkalana kA sAdhana na hone se vaha kArya sampanna na ho sakA / nyAyavinizcaya pramANavAda tathA tarkazAstra kA grantha hai / isameM pradhAna bauddha AcArya dharmakIrti tathA unake anugAmI vidvAnoM dvArA pratipAdita tarka siddhAntoM kA prAmANika varNana aura vistRta samIkSA hai / yaha apanI vyApaka vivecakatA tathA adbhuta yuktivAda ke lie khyAta bhAratIya tarkazAstra kA vizvakoSa hai | 2 siddhivinizcaya - siddhivinizcaya mUlazloka tathA usakI vRtti donoM akalaMkakartRka haiM / isake gadya aura padya donoM akalaMkadeva ke nAma se uddhRta haiM / siddhivinizcaya meM 12 prastAva haiM / isameM pramANa, prameya, naya aura nikSepa kA vivecana hai / isameM bauddhoM kI pramANamImAMsA, santAnavAda, nirvANa tathA kSaNikavAda ityAdi viSayoM kI prakaraNAnusAra samIkSA prApta hotI hai / pramANasaMgraha - yaha akalaGkadeva kI antima kRti hai / isameM pramANa aura prameya kA varNana praur3hazailI se kiyA gayA hai / akalaGkadeva kA nAma bauddha AcArya dharmakIrti se jur3A huA hai / akalaGka ne dharmakIrti kI zailI, bhAvanA aura vidhi: kA pUrI taraha anusaraNa kiyA hai| unhoMne dharmakIrti kI kevala maulika kRtiyoM kAhI adhyayana nahIM kiyA, apitu una para likhI huI sabho vyAkhyAoM kA adhyayana kiyA / yaha una zabdoM se bilkula spaSTa ho jAtA hai, jo unhoMne dharmakIrti kI kRtiyoM aura vyAkhyAoM se uddhRta kie haiM / akalaMka ne dharmakIrti ke sampUrNa vAkya ko kabhI jyoM kA tyoM tathA kabhI mAmUlI parivartanoM ke sAtha le liyA hai / bahuta bAra unhoMne dharmakIrti ke hI vAkyoM ko unhIM ke khaNDana ke lie liyA hai, parantu dharmakIrti ke nAma kA ullekha 1. siddhivinizcaya ( pra0 bhAga ) prastAvanA, pR0 57 / 2. nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa (bhAga - 2), prastAvanA - - sAtakaur3I upAdhyAya /
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________________ prastAvanA 11 nahIM kiyA / unakI sAmAnya zailI hai - dharmakIrti ke vicAroM ko pahale prastuta karanA, anantara usakA khaNDana karanA / isase spaSTa dyotita hotA hai ki akalaMka kI kRtiyoM kA uddezya lagAtAra jaina siddhAntoM ko bauddha tathA vizeSa rUpa se dharmakIrti ke prahAroM se bacAnA thA / zailI meM bhI akalaMka ne dharmakIrti kA anusaraNa kiyA hai; kyoMki dharmakIrti kI bhAMti akalaMka bhI samajhane meM kaThina, suvyavasthita, Thosa aura saMkSipta zailI kA prayoga karate haiM / isa prakAra jaina nyAya ke vikAsa meM akalaGka kA yoga apratima hai / haribhadrasUri AcArya haribhadra bahuzruta vidvAn the / unhoMne Agama, AcAra, yoga, kathA, jyotiSa, darzana ityAdi aneka vidhAoM para sAhitya racanA kI / unakI dArzanika kRtiyA~ nimnalikhita haiM - 1. anekAntajaya patAkA, 2. anekAntavAda praveza, 3. anekAnta siddhi, 4. Atmasiddhi, 5 tattvArtha sUtra laghuvRtti, 6. dvijavadanacapeTA, 7. dharmasaMgrahaNI ( prAkRta), 8 nyAya praveza TIkA, 9 nyAyAvatAravRtti, 10. lokatattvanirNaya, 11. zAstravArtA samuccaya, 12. SaDdarzana samuccaya, 13. sarvajJasiddhi, 14. syAdvAda kucodya parihAra | haribhadra kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki unhoMne apane pratipakSI ke prati jaisI hArdika bahumAna vRtti pradarzita kI hai, vaisI dArzanika kSetra meM dUsare kisI vidvAn ne, kama se kama unake samaya taka to pradarzita nahIM kI / zAntarakSita ne bhinna-bhinna sthAnoM para jaina mantavyoM kI parIkSA kI hai to haribhadra ne bauddha mantavyoM kI, parantu donoM ke dRSTikoNa bhinna haiM / zAntarakSita mAtra khaNDanapaTu haiM, kintu haribhadra to virodhI mata kI samIkSA karane para bhI jahA~ taka sambhava ho kucha sAra nikAlakara usa mata ke puraskartA ke prati sammAnavRtti bhI pradarzita karate haiM / kSaNikavAda, vijJAnavAda aura zUnyavAda ina tIna bauddha vAdoM kI samIkSA karane para bhI haribhadra ina vAdoM ke preraka dRSTi binduoM ko apekSA vizeSa se nyAyya sthAna dete haiM aura svasampradAya: ke puraskartA RSabha, mahAvIra Adi kA jina vizeSaNoM se ve nirdeza karate haiM, vaise hI vizeSaNoM se unhoMne buddha kA bhI nirdeza kiyA hai aura kahA hai ki buddha 1. Nagin J. Shah : Akalanka's Critieism of Dharmakirti'sPhilosophy, p. 39. 2. paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI : samadarzI AcArya haribhadra, pR0 109 / 3. paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI : samadarzI AcArya haribhadra, pR0 109 /
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________________ 12 prameyaratnamAlAyAM jaise mahAmuni evaM arhat kI dezanA arthahIna nahIM hIM sktii| aisA kahakara unhoMne sUcita kiyA hai ki kSaNikatla kI ekAMgI dezanA Asakti kI nivRtti ke lie hI ho sakatI hai| isI bhA~ti bAhya padArthoM meM Asakti rakhane vAle AdhyAtmika tattva se nitAnta parAGmukha adhikAriyoM ko uddiSTa karake hI buddha ne vijJAnavAda kA upadeza diyA hai tathA zUnyavAda kA upadeza bhI unhoMne jijJAsu adhikArI vizeSa ko lakSya meM rakhakara hI diyA hai, aisA mAnanA caahie| isa prakAra ke aneka prasaGga haiM, jinameM haribhadra kI apanI viziSTa dRSTi kI jhalaka milatI hai| vidyAnanda AcArya vidyAnanda I0 770 se 840 ke vidvAna mAne jAte haiN| unhoMne itaradArzanikoM ke sAtha-sAtha nAgArjuna, vasubandhu, diGnAga, dharmakIrti, prajJAkara tathA dharmottara ina bauddha dArzanikoM ke granthoM kA sarvAGgINa abhyAsa kiyA thA / isake sAtha hI sAtha jaina dArzanika tathA ArgAmaka sAhitya bhI unheM vipula mAtrA meM prApta huA thaa| unake dvArA racita grantha nimnalikhita haiM 1. vidyAnanda mahodaya 2. tattvArthazlokavArtika 3. aSTasahasro 4. yuktyanuzAsanAlaGkAra 5. AptaparIkSA 6. pramANaparIkSA 7. patraparIkSA 8. satyazAsana parIkSA 9. zrIpurapArzvanAtha stotra / vidyAnanda mahodaya samprati anupalabdha hai| tattvArthazlokavArtika kI racanA tattvArthasUtra para bhASya ke rUpa meM mImAMsA zlokavArtika ke anukaraNa para kI gayI / bhaTTAkalaGka kI aSTazatI ke gUr3ha rahasya ko samajhane ke lie aSTasahasrI kI racanA kI gyii| isake gaurava ko AcArya vidyAnanda ne svayaM ina zabdoM meM vyakta kiyA hai-hajAra zAstroM ke sunane se kyA lAbha hai / kevala isa aSTasahasrI ko suna liijie| itane se hI svasiddhAnta aura parasiddhAnta kA jJAna ho jaaygaa| yuktyanuzAsanAlaGkAra AcArya samantabhadra ke yuktyanuzAsana ko TokA hai / AptaparIkSA, pramANaparIkSA aura satyazAsana parIkSA parIkSAnta grantha haiM, jo diGnAga 1. na caitadapi nyAyyaM yato buddho mahAmuniH / suvaidyavadvinA kAryaM dravyAsatyaM na bhoSate ||-shaastrvaartaasmuccy-466 2. vahI, 465 / 3. vahI, 476 / 4. pramANa parIkSA (prastAvanA), pR0 111 / 5. AptamImAMsA tattvadIpikA ( prastAvanA ) pR0 54 / 6. zrotavyASTasahasro zrutaiH kimanyaiH sahasra saMkhyAnaH / vijJAyeta yamaiva strasamayaparasamaya sadbhAvaH // aSTasahasrI pR0 157
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________________ prastAvanA kI AlaMbana parIkSA aura trikAla parIkSA, dharmakIti kI sambandha parIkSA, dharmottara kI pramANa parIkSA va laghupramANa parIkSA tathA kalyANarakSita kI zrutiparIkSA jaise parIkSAnta granthoM ko yAda dilAte haiN| vidyAnanda ko parIkSAnta nAma rakhane meM inase preraNA milo ho, isameM Azcarya nahIM / pahale zAstrArthoM meM jo patra die jAte the, unameM kriyApada gar3ha rahate the, jinakA Azaya samajhanA kaThina hotA thaa| usI ke vivecana ke lie vidyAnanda ne patraparIkSA nAmaka eka choTe se prakaraNa kI racanA kI thii| jaina paramparA meM isa viSaya kI sambhavatayA yaha prathama aura antima racanA hai / zropura pArzvanAtha stotra kI racanA atizaya kSetra zrIpura ke pArzvanAtha ke pratibimba ko lakSya meM rakhakara kI gaI hai| aSTasahasrI kI antima prazasti meM batAyA hai ki kumArasena kI yuktiyoM ke varddhanArtha yaha racanA likhI jA rahI hai| isase dhvanita hotA hai ki kumArasena ne AptamImAMsA para koI vivRti yA vivaraNa likhA hogA, jisakA spaSTIkaraNa vidyAnanda ne kiyA hai| nizcayataH kumArasena inake pUrvavartI haiN| kumArasena kA samaya I0 san 783 ke pUrva mAnA gayA hai / anantakIrti AcArya anantakIrti racita laghusarvajJasiddhi aura bRhat sarvajJa siddhi nAma ke do prakaraNa laghIyastrayAdi saMgraha meM chape haiN| unake adhyayana se prakaTa hotA hai ki ve eka prakhyAta dArzanika the / unhoMne ina prakaraNoM meM vedoM ke apauruSeyatva kA khaNDana karake Agama ko pramANatA meM sarvajJa praNItatA ko hI kAraNa siddha kiyA hai| inhoMne sarvajJatA ke pUrva pakSa meM jo padya uddhRta kie haiM, unameM kucha mImAMsA zlokavArtika ke, kucha pramANavArtika ke aura kula tattva saMgraha ke haiN| prabhAcandra ne nyAyakumudacandra aura prameyakamalamArtaNDa ke sarvajJa sAdhaka prakaraNoM meM anantakIrti kI vRhatsarvajJasi ddhi kA zabdaparaka anusaraNa kiyA hai| 1. pramANa parIkSA DaoN0 darabArIlAla koThiyA dvArA likhita prastAvanA, pR0 1 / . 2. jaina nyAya, pR0 37 / 3. vIrasenAkhya mokSe cAruguNA'naya'ratnasindhugiri saMtatam / sAratarAtmadhyAne bhAramadAmbhodapavanagiri gahvarAyitu / kaSTa sahasrI siddhA sASTasahasrIyamatra me puSyAt / zazvadabhISTasahasrI kumArasenokti varddhamAnArthA / 4. DaoN0 nemicandra zAstrI : bhagavAna mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA,, pR0 351 ( bhaag-2)| 5. jaina nyAya, pR0 38 /
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________________ 14 prameyaratnamAlAyAM AcArya mANikyanandi ___ AcArya mANikyanandi nandi saMgha ke pramukha AcArya the| TippaNakAra ne unheM dhArAnagarI kA nivAsI batalAyA hai 'dhArAnagarInivAsinaH zrImanmANikyanandibhaTTArakadevAH parIkSAmukhAkhyaM 'prakaraNamAracayAmbabhUvuH / ' mANikyanandi akalaGka (720-780 I0 ) ke bAda hue, yaha bAta sunizcita hai; kyoMki prameyaratnamAlA ke racayitA ne unheM akalaGkadeva kA uttaravartI batalAyA hai akalaGkavacanAmbhodherudadhe yane dhiimtaa| nyAyavidyAmRtaM tasmai namo mANikyanandine / / prameyaratnamAlA-2 arthAt jisa buddhimAn ne akalaMkadeva ke vacana rUpa samudra se nyAyavidyA rUpa amRta kA uddhAra kiyA, usa mANikyanandi nAmaka AcArya ke lie hamArA namaskAra ho // 2 // ___ akaladeva ke granthoM aura mANikyanandi ke parIkSAmukha sUtra kI tulanA karane * para spaSTa dyotita hotA hai ki mANikyanandi ne akalaGkadeva ke granthoM kA anuzIlana 'kiyA thaa| akalaGkadeva ne pramANa ko anadhigatArthagrAhI likhA haipramANamavisaMvAdi jJAnam anadhigatArthAdhigamalakSaNatvAt / ( aSTazatI, aSTasahasrI, pR0 175 ) mANikyanandi ne anadhigatArthAdhima ko hI dhyAna meM rakhakara apane pramANa lakSaNa meM apUrva pada ko sthAna diyA hai-- svApUrthivyavasAyAtmakaM jJAnaM pramANaM // parIkSAmukha 111 isI prakAra anya sthala bhI tulanA ke yogya haiN| AcArya nayanandi ne, jinako sudaMsaNaca riu racanA vi0 saM0 1100 meM dhArAnareza bhoja ke samaya meM pUrNa huI, apane ko mANikyanandi kA ziSya likhA hai-- jiNidAgamabhAsaNe eyadhitto tavAyAraNiTThAi laddhAijutto / NariMdAmariMdAhivANaMdavaMdI huo tassa soso gaNI rAmaNaMdI // asesANa gaMthaMmi pAraMmi patto tave aMgavI bhvvraaiivmitto| guNAyAsabhUvo sullokaNaMdI mahApaMDio tassa mANikkaNaMdI / / paDhama sIsu taho jAyau jagavikkhAyau muNi NayaNaMdI aNidiyau / cariu sudaMsaNaNAhaho teNa abAha ho virai buha ahiNaMdiu / (sudaMsaNa cariu )
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________________ prastAvanA upayukta pramANoM ke AdhAra para mANikyanandi kA samaya vikrama kI gyArahavIM zatAbdI kA uttarArddha siddha hotA hai| __ mANikyanandi ne parIkSAmukha kI racanA kii| yaha jaina nyAya kA Adi sUtra grantha hai / isake nirmANa meM pUrvAcAryoM ke granthoM ke sAtha-sAtha bauddha paramparA ke AcArya diGnAga aura dharmakIti ke granthoM se paryApta sahAyatA lI gaI hai / ' ye sUtra sarala, vizada, subodha, sAravAn aura asandigdha haiN| inakI zailI aura viSayavastu kI spaSTatA se prabhAvita hokara paravartI jaina sUtragranthakAroM ne kahIM zabdazaH aura kahIM arthazaH inakA upayoga kiyA hai| isake lie zvetAmbara AcArya devasUrikRta pramANanayatattvAloka tathA AcArya hemacandrakRta pramANamImAMsA draSTavya hai| ina sUtroM kI upayogitA isI se spaSTa hotI hai ki AcArya prabhAcandra ne ina para 12 hajAra zloka pramAga prameyakamalamArtaNDa jaisI bar3I TIkA likhI / laghu anantavIryakRta parIkSAmukhapaJjikA ( prameyaratnamAlA ) tathA bhaTTAraka cArukIrtikRta prameyaratnAlaGkAra kI racanA bhI parIkSAmukha kI TIkA ke rUpa meM huI / kezavavarNI ne parIkSAmukha ke 'svApUrthivyavasAyAtmakaM jJAnaM pramANaM' para eka svatantra kRti prameyakaNThikA kA praNayana kiyA / parIkSAmukha kA pramukha viSaya pramANa aura pramANAbhAsa hai| samasta grantha meM 208 sUtra haiM tathA yaha chaH samuddezoM meM vibhakta hai| prathama samudeza meM pramANa kA svarUpa, strokta pramANa lakSaNa meM jJAna rUpa vizeSaNa kA samarthana, jJAna kI nizcayAtmakatA, jJAna ko svayaMprakAzatA aura pratyakSatA tathA pramANa kA prAmANya gita hai / isa samuddeza meM 13 sUtra haiN| dvitIya samaddeza meM 12 sUtra haiN| isameM pramANa ke pratyakSa aura parokSa do bheda, pratyakSa kA lakSaNa, vizadatA kA lakSaNa, sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa , artha aura Aloka kI sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa ke prati kAraNatA kA abhAva, pratyakSa pramANa meM apane AvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama lakSaNa vAlI yogyatA se padArthoM ko jAnane ko vyavasthA, padArtha ko jJAna kA kAraNa hone se paricchedya mAnane kI mAnyatA kA nirAkaraNa tathA atIndriya svarUpa mukhya pratyakSa kA lakSaNa pratipAdita hai / / tRtIya samuddeza 97 sUtroM meM vibhakta hai| isameM parokSa kA lakSaNa, parokSa ke bheda, smRti, pratyabhijJAna tathA tarka kA lakSaNa evaM udAharaNa , anumAna kA lakSaNa , hetu kA lakSaNa, avinAbhAva kA lakSaNa, sahabhAvaniyama aura kramabhAvaniyama, sAdhya kA lakSaNa, sAdhya ke vizeSaNoM kI sArthakatA, dharmI kA prati1. udAharaNArtha dekhiye-nyAyakumudacandra, pra0 bhAga ( prastAvanA ), pR0 80-81, pra0 mANikacandra digambara jaina granthamAlA /
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________________ 16 prameyaratnamAlAyAM pAdana, dharmI kI siddhi ke prakAra, pakSa prayoga kI AvazyakatA, anumAna ke do aGga, udAharaNa , upanaya aura nigamana ko anumAna kA aGga mAnane meM doSo. dbhAvana, vItarAga kathA meM udAharaNAdi ko anumAna kA aGga mAnane para sahamati, dRSTAnta ke bheda, upanaya aura nigamana kI paribhASA, svArthAnumAna aura parArthAnumAna, hetu ke do bheda upalabdhi aura anupalabdhi, upalabdhi ke bheda aviruddhopalabdhi tathA viruddhopalabdhi, anupalabdhi ke bheda aviruddhAnupalabdhi aura viruddhAnupalabdhi evaM aviruddhopalabdhi ke vyApya, kArya, kAraNa , pUrvacara, uttaracara aura sahacara, viruddhopalabdhi ke bhI aviruddhopalabdhi ke samAna viruddhavyApya, viruddha kArya, viruddha kAraNa , viruddha pUrvacara, viruddha uttaracara evaM viruddha sahacara, anupalabdhi ke prathama bheda, aviruddhAnupalabdhi ke aviruddha svabhAvAnupalabdhi, vyApakAnupalabdhi, kAryAnupalabdhi, kAraNAnupalabdhi, pUrvacarAnupalabdhi, uttaracarAnupalabdhi tathA sahacarAnupalabdhi, viruddhAnupalabdhi ke viruddha kAryAnupalabdhi, viruddhakAraNAnupalabdhi aura viruddhasvabhAvAnupalabdhi bheda, bauddhoM ke prati kAraNa hetu kA samarthana, Agama pramANa kA lakSaNa tathA zabdAdika ke vastu kA jJAna karAne kI kAraNatA kA varNana hai| caturtha samuddedA meM 9 sUtra haiM / isameM kahA gayA hai ki sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka padArtha pramANa kA viSaya hai| anekAntAtmaka vastu ke samarthana ke lie yahA~ do hetu kahe gaye haiM--vastu sAmAnya vizeSAdi aneka dharma vAlI hai; kyoMki vaha anuvRtta pratyaya aura vyAvRtta pratyaya kI viSaya hai tathA pUrva AkAra kA parihAra, uttara AkAra kI prApti aura sthiti lakSaNa pariNAma ke sAtha usameM arthakriyA pAyI jAtI hai / sAmAnya ke do bheda hai--tiryak sAmAnya aura UrdhvatAsAmAnya / paryAya aura vyatireka ke bheda se vizeSa do prakAra kA hai| . paJcama samaddeza meM 3 sUtra haiN| isameM kahA gayA hai ki ajJAna kI nivRtti, hAna, upAdAna aura upekSA ye pramANa ke phala haiN| vaha phala pramANa se kathaJcit abhinna hai aura kathaJcit bhinna hai| pramANa se jAnane vAle kA hI ajJAna nivRtta hotA hai / vahI heya vastu kA tyAga karatA hai, iSTa vastu kA grahaNa karatA hai aura upekSaNIya vastu kI upekSA karatA hai| SaSTha samudeza meM 74 sUtra haiN| isameM pramANAbhAsoM kA vivecana hai / svarUpAbhAsa, pratyakSAbhAsa, parokSAbhAsa, smaraNAbhAsa, pratyabhijJAnAbhAsa, tarkAbhAsa, anumAnAbhAsa, pakSAbhAsa, hetvAbhAsa, hetvAbhAsa ke bheda tathA unake udAharaNa, dRSTAntAbhAsa aura usake bheda, bAlaprayogAbhAsa, AgamAbhAsa, saMkhyAbhAsa, viSayAbhAsa tathA phalAbhAsa kA varNana kara vastu tattva kI siddhi ke sambhava anya ( naya, nikSepAdi ) ko vicAraNIya kahA gayA hai /
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________________ prastAvanA prabhAcandra AcArya prabhAcandra kA kAla 950 I0 se 1020 I0 ke madhya mAnA jAtA hai / ve eka bahuzruta vidvAn the| sabhI darzanoM ke prAyaH sabhI maulika granthoM kA unhoMne abhyAsa kiyA thaa| itara darzanoM kA pUrvapakSa sthApita karate samaya ve tattat darzanoM kA hArda spaSTa karate haiN| inake dvArA likhita cAra grantha mAne jAte haiM-1. nyAyakumudacandra 2. prameyakamalamArtaNDa 4. tattvArthavRtti aura 4. zAkaTAyana nyAsa / prameyakamalamArtaNDa mANikyanandi ke parIkSAmukha kA vistRta bhASya hai / akalaGkadeva ke laghIyastraya tathA usakI vivRti ke vyAkhyAna grantha kA nAma nyAyakumudacandra hai| unhoMne apane granthoM meM jina granthoM se uddharaNa die haiM, unameM se kucha kI tAlikA isa prakAra hai-1. nyAyabhASya, nyAyavAtika, nyAya maJjarI, vaizeSika sUtra, prazastapAda bhASya, pAtaJjalamahAbhASya, yogasUtra, vyAsabhASya, sAMkhya kArikA, zAbara bhASya, brahma vindUpaniSat, chAndogyopaniSad, bRhadAraNyaka, abhidharmakoza, nyAyavindu, pramANavArtika, mAdhyamikavRtti Adi / unako tattvArthavatti pUjyapAdakRta sarvArthasiddhi nAmaka TIkA kI laghuvRtti hai| antima grantha zAkaTAyana nyAsa ke prabhAcandrakRta hone meM abhI taka sarvasammata nirNaya nahIM ho pAyA hai| prabhAcandra ne apane granthoM meM vidyAnanda aura anantavIrya kA smaraNa kiyA hai aura yaha bhI likhA hai ki anantavIrya kI uktiyoM kI sahAyatA se ve akalaGka ke prakaraNoM ko samajhane meM samartha hue| uttarakAlIna granyakAroM meM jo jaina granthakAra prabhAcandra kI zailI se prabhAvita hue tathA jinhoMne prabhAcandra ke lekhoM kA anusaraNa kiyA, unameM sanmatitarka TIkA ke racayitA abhayadevasUri, syAdvAda ratnAkara ke racayitA vAdidevasUri / laghu anantavIrya, hemacandra, malliSeNa tathA upAdhyAya yazovijaya bhI prabhAcandra se prabhAvita haiM / vAdirAja ye prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra ke racayitA prabhAcandra ke samakAlIna aura akalaGkadeva ke granthoM ke vyAkhyAtA haiM / cAlukyanareza jayasiMha kI rAjyasabhA meM inakA bar3A sammAna thA / inakA kAla 1010 se 1065 I0 mAnA jAtA hai| inake dvArA nimnalikhita grantha praNIta hue-1. pArzvanAtha carita 2. yazodharacarita 3. ekIbhAvastotra 4. nyAyavinizcaya vivaraNa 5. pramANa nirNaya / inameM se antima do dArzanika kRtiyAM haiN| nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa akalaGkadeva ke nyAyavinizcaya kA bIsa hajAra zloka pramANa bhASya hai / 1. nyAyakumudacandra ( pra0 bhAga), prastAvanA, pR0 123 / 2. vahI, pR0 11-12 / pra0 2
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM pramANanirNaya eka laghukAya grantha hai| isake cAra prakaraNa hai-1. pramANanirNaya 2. pratyakSa nirNaya 3. parokSanirNaya 4. Agama nirNaya / abhayadeva ___ abhayadeva kA samaya vikrama kI dasavIM sadI uttarArddha se gyArahavIM sadI kA pUrvArddha pramANita hotA hai| inhoMne siddhasena ke sanmatitarka para TIkA likhI / siddhasena, mANikyanandi aura prabhAcandra kI prazastiyoM meM abhayadeva kA nirdeza pradyumnasUri ke ziSya aura vAdamahArNava nAmaka tarkagrantha ke racayitA tArkika vidvAn ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai / paM0 sukhalAlajI aura paM0 becaradAsajI ne sanmatitarka, prathama bhAga ko gujarAtI prastAvanA meM likhA hai ki abhayadeva kI sanmatitarka TokA meM saikar3oM dArzanika granthoM kA dohana kiyA gayA hai| sAmAnya rUpa se kumArila kA mImAMsA zlokavArtika, zAntarakSita kRta tattvasaMgraha para kamalazIla kI paMjikA aura digambarAcArya prabhAcandra ke prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra kA pratibimba mukhya rUpa se isa TIkA meM hai| vAdidevasUri vAdidevasUri ( I0 1086-1130 ) ne akalaGka vacanAmbhodhi se uddhRta parIkSAmukhasUtra ke AdhAra se pramANanayatattvAlokAlaGkAra kI racanA kI tathA usakI syAdvAda ratnAkara TIkA bhI svayaM likhI / parIkSAmukhasUtra ke viSaya ke sAtha inameM nayapariccheda aura vAdapariccheda nae jor3e gae haiN| zAstrAntaroM ke nAmollekha pUrvaka uddharaNa isa grantha kI apanI eka vizeSatA hai aura usa para se bhAratIya darzanazAstra ke vividha granthoM evaM granthakAroM kI sUcI nirmita kI jA sakatI hai / anantavIrya ____ anantavIrya nAma ke aneka vidvAn AcAryoM kI sUcI zilAlekhoM tathA grantha prazastiyoM se prApta hotI hai| inameM se kucha kA vivaraNa DaoN0ne micandra zAstrI ne bhagavAna mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA ( bhAga-3, pu0 39-40 ) para diyA hai| akalaMka sUtra ke vRttikAra do anantavIrya haiM-- eka ravibhadrapAdopajIvI aura dUsare inhIM anantavorya dvArA ullikhita siddhivinizcaya ke prAcIna tyAkhyAkAra anantavIrya, jinheM hama vRddha anantavIrya kaha 1. sanmati tarka ( paM0 sukhalAlajI dvArA likhita prastAvanA ), pR0 72 / 2. jaina nyAya, pR0 42 / 3. siddhi vinizcaya TIkA ( bhAga-1), pR0 42 / 4. jaina nyAya, pR0 43 /
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________________ prastAvanA 19 sakate haiM / siddhi vinizcaya TIkA ke kartA anantavIrya I0 san 975 ke bAda aura I0 san 1025 ke pahale kisI samaya meM hue haiN| pArzvanAthacarita meM vAdirAja ne anantavIrya kI stuti karate hue likhA hai ki usa ananta sAmarthyazAlI megha ke samAna anantavIrya kI stuti karatA hU~, jinakI vacanarUpI amRtavRSTi se jagat ko cATa jAne vAlA zanyavAdarUpI hutAzana zAnta ho gayA thA / inhoMne 'nyAyavinizcaya vivaraNa' meM anantavIrya ko usa dIpazikhA ke samAna likhA hai, jisase akalaGkavAGmaya kA gUr3ha aura agAdha artha pada-pada para prakAzita hotA hai / ravibhadraziSya anantavIrya kI do racanAe~ haiM-siddhivinizcaya TIkA aura pramANasaMgraha yA pramANa saMgrahAlaMkAra / samprati dUsarI anupalabdha hai|' laghu anantavIrya ___ anantavIrya nAma ke cUMki aneka AcArya hue haiM, ataH prameyaratnamAlA ke TippaNakAra ne prameyaratnamAlA ke racanAkAra ko laghu-anantavIrya2 yA dvitIya anantavIrya kahA hai; kyoMki isase pUrva jaina nyAya sAhitya meM akalaGkadeva ke siddhivinizcaya ke TIkAkAra anantavIrya ho cuke the| laghu anantavIrya kI ekamAtra kRti prameyaratnamAlA prApta hai| grantha ke Arambha meM isa TokA ko inhoMne parIkSAmukhapaJjikA kahA hai| pratyeka samuddeza ke anta meM diye gaye puSpikA vAkya meM ise parIkSAmukha laghuvRtti bhI kahA hai / isameM parIkSAmukha ke sUtroM kI saMkSipta kintu vizada vyAkhyA hai / grantha ke prathama samudeza ke pAMcaveM padya meM kahA gayA hai vajeya priya putrasya hIrasyoparodhataH / zAntiSeNArthamArabdhA parIkSAmukhapaJjikA // 5 // arthAt vaijeya ke priya putra hIrapa ke anurodha se zAntiSeNa nAmaka ziSya ke lie yaha parIkSAmukhapaJjikA prArambha kI gaI hai / grantha kI antima prazasti meM kahA gayA hai ki badarIpAla vaMzAvalI rUpa AkAza meM sUrya ke samAna ojasvI aura guNazAliyoM meM agraNI zrImAn vaijeya hue / guNa aura zIla kI sImAsvarUpa nANamba isa nAma se saMsAra meM prasiddha use vaijeya ko patnI huI, jise sajjana puruSa revatI, ambikA aura prabhAvatI isa nAma se pukArate the| vaijeya kI usa strI se vizva kA kalyANa karane kI manovRtti vAlA, dAna dene ke lie megha ke samAna, apane gotra ke vistArarUpa AkAza kA aMzumAlI (sUrya) 1. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA, 10 40 ( ta0 bhaag)| 2. tadvivarItumicchavaH zrImalladhvanantavIrya devA ||-prmeyrtnmaalaa ttippnn,101|
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM aura samyaktva rUpI ratnoM ke AbhUSaNa se suzobhita aGga vAlA saMsAra meM hIrapa nAma se prasiddha putra huA / nirmala aura vizAla kIrti vAle usa hIrapa ke Agraha vaza isa anantavIrya ne mANikyanandi kRta agAdha bodha vAle isa zAstra ko kucha saMkSipta kintu udAra vacanoM ke dvArA bAlakoM ko prabodhita karane vAle isa vivaraNa ke rUpa meM spaSTa kiyA hai| prameyaratnamAlA kI racanA prabhAcandra ke 'prameyakamalamArtaNDa' ke pazcAta huI; kyoMki prameyaralamAlA ke prArambha meM kahA hai prabhenduvacanodAracandrikA prasare sati / mAdRzAH kva nu gaNyante jyotiriGgaNasannibhAH / / 3 / / arthAt prabhAcandra nAmaka AcArya ke vacana rUpa udAra cA~danI kA vistAra hote hue juganU ke samAna hama jaise mandabuddhi vAle puruSoM kI kyA gaNanA? ukta uddharaNa se yaha spaSTa hai ki prabhAcandra laghu anantavIrya se pUrva hue / inakA samaya 950 se 1020 I0 ke madhya mAnA jAtA hai| hemacandra kI pramANamImAMsA para prameyaratnamAlA kA bahuta prabhAva hai| isa prakAra anantavIrya kA samaya prabhAcandra aura hemacandra ke madhya honA caahie| isa AdhAra para ina anantavIrya kA samaya 12vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArddha pratiphalita hotA hai| prameyaratnamAlA kA varNya viSaya-cUMki parIkSAmukha kA pradhAna viSaya pramANa aura pramANAbhAsa kA vivecana hai, ataH usakI TIkA prameya ratnamAlA kA pradhAna viSaya bhI pramANa aura pramANAbhAsa ho hai| inakA uddezya parIkSAmukha nAmaka sUtrAtmaka grantha kA spaSTa kathana karanA thaa| prathama samuddeza ke anta meM laghu anantavIrya ne kahA hai-- devassa sammatamapAstasamasta doSaM vIkSya prapaJcaruciraM racitaM samasya / mANikyanandivibhunA zizubodhaheto nisvarUpamamunA sphuTamabhyadhAyi // 6 // akalaMkadeva ke dvArA sammata, samasta doSoM se rahita, vistRta aura sundara pramANa ke svarUpa ko mANikyanandi svAmI ne dekha karake zizuoM kI jAnakArI ke lie (parIkSAmukha meM) saMkSepa rUpa se racA, usI ko isa (anantavIrya) ne spaSTa rUpa se kahA hai| 1. prameyaratnamAlA-TIkAkArasya prazasti-1-4 / 2. bhagavAna mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA, bhAga 3, pR0 53 / .
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________________ prastAvanA akalaMkadeva aura mANikyanandi se anantavIrya itane adhika prabhAvita the ki pratyeka samuddeza ke anta meM unhoMne kahIM saMkSipta padoM dvArA to kahIM spaSTa rUpa se unakA smaraNa kiyA hai| isase unake kRtajJatA rUpa mahAn guNa kI sUcanA milatI hai| prameyaratnamAlA ke prathama samuddeza meM pramANa kA svarUpa, dvitIya meM pratyakSa pramANa, tRtIya meM parokSa pramANa, cauthe meM pramANa kA viSaya, pA~caveM meM pramANa kA phala tathA SaSTha samuddeza meM pramANAbhAsa Adi kA vizada vivecana kiyA gayA hai| anantavIrya kA veduSya-laghu anantavIrya ne bhAratIya darzana kI pratyeka zAkhA ke mUla granthoM kA bhalIbhA~ti adhyayana kiyA thaa| jaina nyAya granthoM meM AcArya samantabhadra, akalaMka, mANikyanandI aura prabhAcandra kI kRtiyoM ne unheM vizeSa prabhAvita kiyA thaa| unhoMne vibhinna darzanoM ke granthoM kA uddharaNa apanI prameyaratnamAlA meM dekara pUrva pakSa ko spaSTa kara, vibhinna vAdoM kI samIkSA kI hai| unake dvArA uddhRta pramukha grantha haiM-dharmakIrti kA pramANavAttika, kumArila kA -mImAMsA zlokavAttika, prabhAcandra kA prameyakamalamArtaNDa, vyAsakRta mahAbhArata, maNDana mizrakRta brahmasiddhAnta, akalaMkakRta laghIyastraya, Izvara kRSNa kRta sAMkhyakArikA, Rgveda, diGnAga kRta pramANasamuccaya, vidyAnanda kRta patraparIkSA, zvetAzvaropaniSad, pAtrakezarI stotra tathA bRhadAraNyaka / inake atirikta unhoMne kahA~-kahA~ se vicAra grahaNa kara apanI prameyaratnamAlA kI racanA kI hogI, isa para svatantra rUpa se zodha Avazyaka hai| ina sabase unake vaiduSya kI bhalIbhA~ti jAnakArI prApta hotI hai / anantavIrya ke vAkya bar3e saMkSipta aura gUr3ha artha vAle haiN| unheM samajhanA sAdhAraNa vyakti kA kAma nahIM hai| isake lie pada-pada para TippaNa kI sahAyatA kI apekSA hotI hai / isa dRSTi se vaha TippaNa, jisake kartA laghusamantabhadra kahe jAte haiM, bahuta upayogI hai| TippaNakAra ne granthakAra ke hArda ko acchI taraha kholakara rakha diyA hai / jaina nyAya ke kSetra meM prabhAcandra rUpI candra ke bAda ve camakate hue sitAre haiM, jina para nyAyavidyA ke adhyetAoM ko garva hai / anantavIrya aura bhAratIya darzana Upara kahA jA cukA hai ki laghu anantavIrya bhAratIya darzanoM ke talasparzI adhyetA the| unake vibhinna darzanoM ke adhyayana sambandhI eka saMkSipta sarvekSaNa yahA~ prastuta hai 1. veda-prameyaratnamAlA meM Rgveda ke dazama maNDala ke puruSasUkta kI eka paMkti uddhRta kI gayI hai| yaha sUkta Rgveda ke dArzanika sUktoM meM mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhatA hai / paMkti isa prakAra hai-"puruSa evedaM yadbhUtaM yacca bhAvyam" ise parama brahma ke pratipAdana karane vAle Agama vAkya ke rUpa meM pUrvapakSa ke rUpa meM uddhRta kiyA gayA hai|
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM 2. AraNyaka-AraNyakoM meM jahA~ vAnaprasthiyoM ke yajJoM kA vidhAna hai| vahA~ upaniSadoM ke samAna jJAnakANDa kA viSaya bhI pratipAdita hai / ye brAhmaNoM aura upaniSadoM ke mizrita rUpa hai| vAstava meM ye brAhmaNa granthoM ke hI aMga haiM / araNya meM par3he jAne ke kAraNa inako AraNyaka kahate the| prameyaratnamAlA meM bRhadAraNyaka kA eka padya uddhRta huA hai, jo isa prakAra haiM sarvaM khalvidaM brahma neha nAnAsti kiJcana / / ArAmaM tasya pazyanti na taM pazyati kazcana / / (bRhadAraNyaka 4 / 3 / 14) bRhadAraNyaka ke Arambha meM yajJaviSaya atisvalpa hai / vAstava meM isameM AtmajJAna aura brahmavidyA kA hI mukhya varNana hone se ise bRhadAraNyakopaniSad kahate haiM / zaMkarAcArya ne isa para bhASya likhA hai| upaniSad --upa aura ni upasarga pUrvaka sad dhAtu se kvip pratyaya lagakara upaniSad zabda banatA hai, jisakA artha hai jJAna prApti ke lie guru ke samIpa baiThanA / jo jana zraddhA aura bhaktipUrvaka AtmajJAna ke lie brahmavidyA ko grahaNa karate haiN| vaha unake garbha, janma, jarA, rogAdi varga kA nAza karatI huI brahma ko prApta karAtI hai| vaha unake avidyA saMskAra kAraNa kA vinAza kara detI hai / prameyaratnamAlA meM zvetAzvataropaniSad kA eka ucaraNa hai, jo isa prakAra hai vizvatazcakSuruta vizvatomukho vizvatobAhuruta vizvataH pAt / sambAhubhyAM dhamati sampatattradyavi bhUmI janayan deva ekaH / / zvetAzvataropaniSad kRSNa yajurveda kI zvetAzvatara zAkhA se sambandhita thaa| isa upaniSad meM chaH adhyAya haiM tathA isakA sampUrNa bhAga gadya meM hai| isameM sAMkhya aura yoga kA spaSTa varNana hai tathA kapila RSi kA ullekha isI vaidika grantha meM sarvaprathama milatA hai| isameM sAMkhya, yoga aura vedAnta kI padAvalI prApta hotI hai| smatiyA~-prameyaratnamAlA ke tRtIya samuddeza meM manu aura yAjJavalkya Adi kI smRtiyoM ko zrutyarthAnusArI kahA gayA hai| isa prakAra kI mAnyatA bahuta pahale se hI pracalita thii| kAlidAsa ne bhI ise upamA prayoga ke rUpa meM apanAyA hai-zru terivArthaM smRtiranvagacchat / smRtiyoM meM manusmRti kA atyadhika mahattva hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki yaha vedoM ke atyanta samIpa hai| kahA bhI gayA haivedArthopanibaddhatvAt prAdhAnyaM tu manoH smRtam / " manusmRti kI vedArthopanibaddhatA 1. prameyaratnamAlA-dvitIya samuddeza-uddharaNa 13 / 2. prameyaratnamAlA-dvitIya samuddeza-uddharaNa 8 // 3. DaoN. kuvaralAla jaina : vaidika sAhitya kA itihAsa pR0 165 4. raghuvaMza 2 / 2 /
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________________ prastAvanA yA vedamUlakatA ke kAraNa dharmazAstra ke ki jo smRti manusmRti ke sakatI hai - manvartha viparItA tu yA smRtiH sA na zasyate / ke prAmANya pratipAdanArtha spaSTa rUpa se kahA hai ki isameM jo vaha saba vedokta hai ? - 23 racayitAoM ne yahA~ taka ghoSaNA kara dI viparIta hai, vaha mAnya yA prazaMsanIya nahIM mAnI jA yaH kazcitkasyaciddharmo manunA parikIrtitaH / sa sarvo'bhihito vede sarvajJAnamayo hi saH // - manusmRti 27 manu ne apanI smRti dharma kahA gayA hai, manusmRti ke bAda yAjJavalkya smRti kI mAnyatA hai / isameM varNoM ke niyama, saMskAra, vivAha gRhastha dharma, snAtaka dharma, bhakSyAbhakSya niyama, dravyazuddhi, dAna, zrAddha, grahazAnti, rAjadharma, RNAdAna, sAkSi, lekhya, dAya vibhAga, krayavikraya ke niyama, vetanAdAna daNDa, Apaddharma, azauca, vAnaprastha, yatidharma tathA prAyazcitta ke niyama varNita haiM / cArvAka darzana - cArvAka darzana pratyakSa ko hI ekamAtra pramANa mAnatA hai / yaha siddha kiyA hai ki pratyakSa ke isake lie unhoMne dharmakIrti ke prameyaratnamAlA ke kartA ne aneka pramANoM dvArA atirikta anumAnAdi pramANa bhI siddha hote haiM / pramANa samuccaya kI eka kArikA uddhRta kI haipramANetara sAmAnyasthiteranyadhiyo gateH / pramANAntarasadbhAvaH pratiSedhAcca kasyacit // pramANa sAmAnya aura apramANya sAmAnya kI sthiti hone se, buddhi ke jJAna se aura paralokAdi ke pratibaMdha se anya pramANa rUpa sadbhAva siddha hotA hai / cArvAka darzana kI mAnyatA hai ki AtmA bhUtacatuSTaya se utpanna hotA hai / isake virodha meM kahA gayA hai ki acetana bhUtoM se cetana AtmA kI utpatti nahIM ho sakatI / yadi AtmA ina pRthivI Adi cAra bhUtoM se utpanna hotA to usameM una cAroM bhUtoM ke dhAraNa Adi svabhAva avazya pAe jAne cAhie, cU~ ki nahIM pAe jAte haiM, isase jJAta hotA hai ki AtmA pRthivI Adi bhUtacatuSTaya se utpanna nahIM hotA / isakI puSTi meM prameyakamalamArttaNDa kA eka padya uddhRta kiyA gayA hai, jisakA tAtparya yaha hai ki tatkAla jAta bAlaka ke stanapAna kI icchA 1. manusmRti - DaoN0 jayakumAra jaina dvArA likhita prastAvanA pR0 5 / 2. vahI pR0 1 / 4. prameyaratnamAlA caturtha samuddeza, uddharaNa - 40 // ziSyAdi kI anumAna kA 3. prameyaratnamAlA dvitIya samuddeza, uddharaNa - 2 /
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________________ 24 prameyaratnamAlAyAM se, vyantarAdika ke dekhane se, pUrvabhava ke smaraNa se, pRthivI Adi bhUtacatuSTaya ke guNa-dharma-svabhAva Adi kA anyavapanA nahIM pAe jAne se svabhAvataH jJAtA dRSTA aura sanAtana AtmA svayaM siddha hai / bauddhadarzana - prameya ratnamAlA meM nimnalikhita bauddha siddhAntoM kI samIkSA hai - nirvikalpa pratyakSavAda, zUnyavAdiyoM kA pramANa ko na mAnanA, pratyakSa kI avyavasAyAtmakatA, smRti kI apramANatA, pratyabhijJAna kI apramANatA, tarka kI apramANatA, kSaNabhaGga vAda, svasaMvedana pratyakSa, tadutpatti ( jJAna kA padArtha se utpanna honA ), tAdrpya ( padArtha ke AkAra honA aura tadadhyavasAya ( usI padArtha ko jAnanA), pariccheda hone se padArtha kI jJAnakAraNatA, hetu kA trairUpya lakSaNa, prayoga kAla meM mAtra hetuko AvazyakatA, kAraNa hetu ko na mAnanA, zabdoM kA artha kA vAcaka na honA, anyApoha, vizeSa hI pramANa kA viSaya tathA pramANa aura phala meM abheda Adi / sAMkhya- sAMkhyadarzana atyanta prAcIna hai / isake praNetA maharSi kapila haiM / kucha vidvAnoM ke anusAra inakA sambandha saMkhyA se hai; kyoMki isameM tattvoM kI saMkhyA nirdhArita kI gaI hai / dUsarA mata hai ki saMkhyA kA artha hai -- samyak jJAna aura isI artha meM yaha darzana sAMkhya kahalAtA hai / sAMkhya prakRti aura puruSa kevala do mUla tattva mAnatA hai / prameyaratnamAlA meM sAMkhyadarzana kI aneka mAnyatAoM kA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai / ye mAnyatAyeM isa prakAra haiM asvasaMvedana jJAnavAda, pratyakSa, anumAna aura Agama rUpa tIna pramANoM kI pramANatA, pakSa, hetu aura dRSTAnta ke bheda se anumAna ke tIna avayava, padArtha kI mAtra sAmAnyAtmakatA, pradhAna kA svarUpa, puruSa kA svarUpa, 25 tattva tathA satkAryavAda Adi / yoga - cittavRtti kA nirodha karanA yoga kahalAtA hai / maharSi pataMjali kA banAyA huA yogasUtra isakA pramukha grantha hai, isa para vyAsabhASya likhA gayA hai, jo bahuta prasiddha hai / yogadarzana ko pataMjali ke nAma para pAtaJjala darzana bho kahA jAtA hai / isameM yogya kA svarUpa, cittavRtti ko rokane ke upAya, duHkhanivRtti, yogajanita siddhiyA~ tathA kaivalya kA nirUpaNa hai / anantavIrya ne Izvara ke sadbhAva ke samarthana meM pataMjali ke nimnalikhita sUtroM ko uddhRta kiyA hai- 1. zrI satIzacandra caTTopAdhyAya evaM dhIrendra mohanadatta : bhAratIya darzana pR0 163, 164 /
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________________ prastAvanA klezakarmavipAkAzathairaparAmRSTaH puruSavizeSa IzvaraH / tatra niratizaya sarvajJa bIjam / sa pUrveSAmapi guruH kAlenAnavacchedAt / / isa mata kA khaNDana prameyaratnamAlA meM naiyAyikoM ke sRSTikartA Izvara ke khaNDana ke sAtha kiyA gayA hai / / yaugadarzana (nyAya-vaizeSika)-TippaNakAra ne yoga se tAtparya naiyAyika vaizeSikANAm kahakara nyAya aura vaizeSika donoM darzanoM ko yoga kI paridhi meM sammilita kiyA hai| yaugadarzana kI samasta mAnyatAyeM nyAya vaizeSika darzana meM pAyI jAtI haiN| prameyaratnamAlA kA bahabhAga yauga, mImAMsaka tathA bauddhadarzana kI samIkSA karane meM prayukta huA hai| yoga kI ve mAnyatAyeM jinakA nirAkaraNa prameyaratnamAlA meM kiyA gayA hai, nimnalikhita haiM sannikarSa, jJAnAntara pratyakSavAda, jJAna kA stra vyavasAyI na honA, pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna aura zabda kI pramANatA, pratyabhijJAna kA bhinna pramANa na honA, tarka ko svatantra pramANa na mAnanA, artha aura Aloka ko jJAna kI kAraNatA, anumAna ke paMca avayava, sRSTikartA IzvaravAda, samavAya, hetu paJcalakSaNatva, paraspara nirapekSa sAmAnya aura vizeSa pramANa kA viSaya, pramANa se usake phala kI sarvathA bhinnatA, pramANa kA asvasaMvedIpanA, AtmA kA vibhutva tathA sattA ke sambandha meM sat honA Adi / mImAMsAdarzana-mImAMsA kA mukhya uddezya hai vaidika karmakANDa kI puSTi krnaa| vaha do prakAra se (1) vaidika vidhi-niSedhoM kA artha samajhane ke lie aura Apasa meM unakI saMgati baiThAne ke lie vyAkhyA praNAlI nirdhArita karanA, (2) karmakANDa ke mUla siddhAnta kA yukti dvArA pratipAdana krnaa| mImAMsA kA mUla grantha hai jaimini sUtra / dArzanika sUtroM meM yaha sabase bar3A hai / isake bAraha adhyAya haiN| jaimini ke sUtra para zavara svAmI kA vizada bhASya hai, jise zAvara bhASya kahate haiM / isake bAda bahuta se TIkAkAra aura svatantra granthakAra hue| unameM do mukhya haiM-kumArila bhaTTa aura prabhAkara (guru) / ina donoM ke nAma para mImAMsA meM do pradhAna sampradAya cala par3e-bhATTamImAMsA aura prabhAkara mImAMsA' / prameyaratnamAlA meM momAMsAdarzana kA jaiminIya, bhATTa aura prAbhAkara ke nAma se prAyaH ullekha huA hai / yahA~ mImAMsakoM ke nimnalikhita siddhAntoM kA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai - prAbhAkaroM kA ajJAna rUpa bhI jJAtavyApAra ko pramANa mAnanA, jaiminIya parokSajJAnavAda, bhATToM kA kartA aura karma kI hI pratIti mAnanA, jaiminIyoM kA kartA, 1. datta tathA cATTopAdhyAya : bhAratIya darzana, pR0 198 /
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________________ 26 prameyaratnamAlAyAM karma aura kriyA kI hI pratIti mAnanA, pramANa kI pramANatA svataH aura apramANatA parataH, jaiminIya SaT pramANa, veda kI pramANatA, anumAna ke cAra avayava, puruSa kI sarvajJatA kA niSedha, zabda kI vyApakatA, veda kI apauruSeyatA, zabdoM kI nityatA, bhAvanAvAda, niyogavAda, vidhivAda, asvasaMvedanavAda / vedAnta-vedAnta kA artha hai-vedAnta kA anta / prArambha meM isa zabda se upaniSadoM kA bodha hotA thaa| pIche upaniSadoM ke AdhAra para jina vicAroM kA vikAsa huA, unake lie bhI isa zabda kA vyavahAra hone lgaa| vedAnta darzana uttaramImAMsA ke nAma se prasiddha hai / jaiminI kI mImAMsA pUrvamImAMsA kahI jAtI hai| prameyaralamAlA meM vedAnta ke siddhAntoM kI samAlocanA kI gayI hai / vedAnta kA kahanA hai ki yaha sabhI dRzyamAna padArtha nizcaya se paramabrahma hI haiM, isake atirikta isa jagata meM koI vastu nahIM hai| hama loga usakI paryAyoM ko to dekhate haiM, kintu use koI nahIM dekha sakatA / isa mAnyatA para zaMkA kI gaI hai ki paramabrahma ko hI paramArthasat mAna lene para 'yaha ghaTa hai, yaha paTa hai ityAdi rUpa se jo pratibhAsa hotA hai, vaha kaise banegA ? brahmA kA isa jagat kI sRSTi kA kyA prayojana hai ? krIr3A ke vaza vaha jagat kI racanA karatA hai to usake prabhutA nahIM rahatI, ityAdi vikalpa uThAkara paramabrahma kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai / laghu anantavIrya ke uttaravartI jaina nyAya granyakAra hemacandra-hemacandra (vi0 saM0 1145-1228) bahumukhI pratibhA ke dhanI AcArya the / vyAkaraNa, koza, chanda, alaMkAra, kAvya, caritra, nyAya Adi pratyeka viSaya para inhoMne vidvattApUrvaka grantha likhe / inakA suprasiddha darzanika grantha pramANamImAMsA atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai / hemacandra ke sAmane jainAcAryoM kI eka lambI paraMparA thI / pramANamImAsA kA dArzanika AdhAra ina jainAcAryoM kI racanAyeM haiM / prameyaralamAlA kA isa para vizeSa prabhAva hai| pramANamImAMsA ke atirikta hemacandra ne ayogavyavacchedikA tathA anyayogavyavacchedikA nAmaka do dvAtriMzikAyeM bhI likhiiN| inameM se avyayoga vyavacchedikA para malliSaNa ne syAdvAdamaJjarI TIkA bhI likhI hai, jo nyAya ke adhyetAoM meM lokapriya hai| yazovijaya-vikrama kI aThArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAn upAdhyAya yazovijaya kA nAma navyanyAya kI zailI meM likhane vAle jaina naiyAyikoM meM agragaNya hai| inhoMne anekAnta vyavasthA nAmaka grantha navya nyAya kI zailI meM likhakara anekAntavAda kI punaH pratiSThA kii| pramANazAstra para jainatarkabhASA aura jJAnabindu likhakara jaina paramparA kA gaurava bar3hAyA / naya para bhI nayapradIpa, nayarahasya 1. datta tathA cATTopAdhyAya : bhAratIya darzana pR0 209
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________________ prastAvanA 27 aura nayopadeza Adi grantha likhe / nayopadeza para inhoMne nayAmRtataraMgiNI nAmaka svopajJa TIkA bhI likhii| isake atirikta aSTasahasrI para apanA vivaraNa likhA / haribhadra kRta zAstravArtAsamuccaya para syAdvAda kalpalatA nAmaka TIkA bhI likhI / bhASA rahasya, pramANa rahasya, vAda rahasya Adi aneka granthoM ke atirikta jaina nyAyakhaNDa khAdya aura nyAyAloka likhakara navIna zailI meM hI naiyAyikAdi dArzanikoM kI mAnyatAoM kA khaNDana bhI kiyaa| darzana ke atirikta inhoMne yoga, AcArazAstra Adi sambandhI grantha likhe| gujarAtI meM bhI inake dvArA sAhitya likhA gyaa| AbhAra pradarzana . prameyaratnamAlA jainadarzana ke pAThyakrama meM aneka sthAna para nirdhArita hai / kaI varSoM se yaha bAjAra meM anupalabdha thI, ataH chAtra kaThinAI kA anubhava kara rahe the| unakI kamI kA anubhava kara pUjya 108 upAdhyAya zrI bharatasAgara jI mahArAja ne isakI hindI TIkA likhane kA Adeza diyaa| unakI AjJA ko zirodhArya kara maiMne kArya prArambha kara diyA / nyAya kA grantha hone aura granthakAra dvArA saMkSepa meM bAta kaha dene kI pravRtti ke kAraNa kucha kaThinAI avazya huI, kintu ajJAtakatRka athavA kucha logoM ke anusAra laghusamantabhadra kRta TippaNa ke kAraNa sArI samasyA sulajha gii| yaha TippaNa na hotA to kisI ke lie bhI anuvAda karanA kaThina thaa| sva0 paM0 hIrAlAla jI siddhAntazAstrI dvArA kie hue anuvAda se aneka jagaha grantha ko samajhane meM madada milI / jahA~-jahA~ maiMne vizeSArtha diye haiM, ve prAyaH TippaNa ke AdhAra se hI likhe gae haiN| kahIM-kahIM anya granthoM kA bhI sahArA liyA hai, jisakA nirdeza pAdaTippaNI meM kara diyA gayA hai| prastAvanA lekhana meM bhI aneka lekhakoM ke graMthoM kA upayoga haA hai| nyAyAcArya paM0 mahendra kumAra jI, zraddheya guruvara paM0 kailAzacandra jI zAstrI, paM0 dalasukha jI mAlavaNiyA DaoN0 lAlabahAdura jI zAstrI DaoN. nemicandra jo zAstrI, DaoN darabArI lAla jI koThiyA nyAyAcArya, pro0 udayacandra jI sarvadarzanAcArya, DaoN0 mohanalAla jI mehatA prabhRti Adhunika vidvAnoM kI kRtiyoM ke sahAre prastAvanA likhI jA sakI hai| upayukta saba manISiyoM kA maiM hRdaya se AbhArI hU~ / una prAcIna AcAryoM ke prati maiM hArdika zraddhA se natamastaka hU~, jinhoMne darzanAntaroM kI samIkSA kara anekAntavAda kI dundubhi bajAyI aura jainadharma tathA darzana kA udyota kiyaa| 14-12-1991 I0 ramezacandra jaina. 1. DaoN0 mohanalAla mehatA : jainadarzana pR0 115
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________________ sahAyaka grantha sUcI "1. paMcAstikAya-AcArya kundakunda 2. samayasAra-AcArya kundakunda 3. mAdhyayika kArikA-AcArya nAgArjuna * 4. sanmati tarka-AcArya siddhasena / " 5. nyAya vinizcayavivaraNa-sampAdaka-paM0 mahendrakumAra nyAyAcArya 6. syAdvAda maJjarI-malliSaNa - 7. siddhi vinizcaya-sampAdaka-paM0 mahendra kumAra 8. zAstra vArtA samuccaya-A0 haribhadra sUri 9. pramANa parIkSA-AcArya vidyAnanda : 10. AptamImAMsA-tattvadIpikA-pro0 udayacandra jaina .11. nyAya kumudacandra-sampAdaka paM0 mahendrakumAra nyAyAcArya :12. prameyaratnamAlA--zrImallaghu anantavArya hindI vyA0 50 hIrAlAla siddhAntazAstrI 13. manusmRti-manu, sampAdaka evaM anu0 DaoN0 jayakumAra jaina * 14. aSTasahasrI-AcArya vidyAnanda, anu0 AryikA jJAnamatI jI 15 AcArya kundakunda aura unakA samayasAra-DaoN0 lAlabahAdura zAstrI . 16. Agama yuga kA jainadarzana-paM0 dalasukha mAlavaNiyA 17. paM0 bAbalAla jaina jamAdAra abhinandana grantha 18. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA-DaoN0 nemIcandra zAstrI 19. jaina nyAya-paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI . 20. jainadarzana-DaoN. mohanalAla mehatA 21. darzana aura cintana-paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI 22. samadarzI AcArya haribhadra-paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI 23. vaidika sAhitya kA itihAsa-DaoN0 kuvaralAla jaina 24. bhAratIya darzana-zrI satozacandra cATTopAdhyAya evaM dhIrendra mohana datta
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________________ viSayAnukramaNikA prathama samudadeza maGgalAcaraNa pramANa aura pramANAbhAsa kA lakSaNa kahane kI pratijJA sambandha, abhidheya aura prayojana kA kathana pramANa kA lakSaNa pramANa ke lakSaNa meM jJAna vizeSaNa kA samarthana jJAna nizcayAtmaka hai apUrvArtha kA lakSaNa svavyavasAya kA lakSaNa jJAna kA prAmANya dvitIya samudaveza pramANa ke bheda pratyakSa aura parokSa pramANa pratyakSa kA lakSaNa vaizadya kA lakSaNa sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa artha aura Aloka sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa ke kAraNa nahIM haiM jJAna artha kA prakAzaka hotA hai yogyatA se padArthoM ke jAnane kI vyavasthA kAraNa hone se padArtha paricchedya hai, isakA nirAkaraNa mukhya pratyakSa AvaraNa sahita aura indriya janita mAnane para jJAna kA pratibandha sambhava sarvajJatA para zaGkA sarvajJatA kA samarthana naiyAyikoM kI sRSTikartRtva viSayaka mAnyatA naiyAyikoM kI mAnyatA kA nirAkaraNa brahma ke sadbhAva ko siddha karane vAle pramANa kA abhAva 45 48 da5 74
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM 83-153 tRtIya samuddeza parokSa kA lakSaNa parokSa ke bheda smRti kA lakSaNa pratyabhijJAna kA lakSaNa Uha pramANa anumAna pramANa hetu kA lakSaNa avinAbhAva kA lakSaNa sahabhAva kramabhAva sAdhya kA lakSaNa asiddha vizeSaNa kI sArthakatA iSTa aura abAdhita vizeSaNoM ke grahaNa kA kAraNa pakSa vikalpa siddha dharmI meM sattA aura asattA donoM hI sAdhya haiM pramANasiddha aura ubhayasiddha dharmI meM sAdhyadharma se viziSTatA vyAptikAla meM dharma hI sAdhya hotA hai gamyamAna bhI pakSa kA prayoga pakSa aura hetu donoM hI anumAna ke aMga haiM udAharaNa sAdhya kI jAnakArI kA aMga nahIM hai upanaya aura nigamana anumAna ke aMga nahIM haiM samarthana hI hetu kA yathArtha rUpa hai bAlakoM kI vyutpatti ke lie udAharaNAdi haiM anvaya aura vyatireka dRSTAnta upanaya nigamana svArtha aura parArthAnumAna upalabdhi aura anupalabdhi hetu astitva sAdhya hone para aviruddhopalabdhi ke chaha bheda kAraNa ke vyApAra ke Azrita hI kArya kA vyApAra sahacara hetu kA svabhAva, kArya aura kAraNa hetu meM antarbhAva nahIM hotA hai 108 109 109 110 112 116 117
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________________ viSayAnukramaNikA mm ~ ~ d . 121 123 126 pratijJAdi pA~ca avayava kArya hetu kAraNa hetu pUrvacara hetu uttaracara hetu sahacara liMga viruddhopalabdhi ke bheda aviruddhAnupalabdhi ke bheda vidhi ke astitva ko siddha karane meM viruddhAnupalabdhi ke bheda tathopapatti aura anyathAnupapatti Agama kA svarUpa mImAMsakoM kI Apatti mImAMsakoM kA nirAkaraNa zabdAdi vastu kA jJAna karAne ke kAraNa haiM anyApoha kA nirAkaraNa caturtha samudadeza pramANa kA viSaya sAMkhyAbhimata pradhAna tathA usakA nirAkaraNa bauddhoM ke anusAra vizeSa hI vastu kA svarUpa hai bauddhoM kA nirAkaraNa kSaNikatva kA nirAkaraNa paraspara nirapekSa sAmAnya vizeSa kI mAnyatA vAle yogoM kA nirAkaraNa anekAntAtmaka vastu ke samarthana hetu hetudvaya do prakAra kA sAmAnya vizeSa ke do bheda paryAya AtmA ke vyApakapane kA nirAkaraNa AtmA ke pRthivyAdicatuSTaya rUpa hone kI asambhAvanA vyatireka paJcama samudadeza pramANa ke phala phala pramANa se kathaJcit abhinna hai aura kathaJcit bhinna hai 128 129 134 147 148 154-189 154 154 159 165 168 173 181 182 183 183 184 186 188 190-191 190 190
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________________ 192-228 192 200 200 200 201 202 204 prameyaratnamAlAyAM SaSTha samudeza pramANa ke svarUpAbhAsa pratyakSAbhAsa parokSAbhAsa smaraNAbhAsa pratyabhijJAnAbhAsa tarkAbhAsa anumAnAbhAsa pakSAbhAsa hetvAbhAsoM ke bheda dRSTAntAbhAsa bAlaprayogAbhAsa AgamAbhAsa saMkhyAbhAsa viSayAbhAsa phalAbhAsa apane pakSa ke sAdhana aura parapakSa ke dUSaNa kI vyavasthA nayoM kA vivecana vAda kA lakSaNa patra kA lakSaNa sUtrakAra kA antima zloka TIkAkAra kI prazasti 209 211 212 213 216 218 220 221
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________________ zrIH prameyaratnamAlA natAmaraziroratnaprabhAprotanakhatviSe / namo jinAya durvAramAravIramadacchide // 1 // (prathama samuddeza) jhuke hue devoM ke mukuToM ke ratnoM kI prabhA se jinake caraNoM ke nakhoM kI kAnti suzobhita ho rahI hai tathA jisakA nivAraNa kaThina hai isa prakAra ke vIra kAmadeva ke mada kA jo chedana karane vAle haiM, aise jinendra bhagavAn ko namaskAra ho // 1 // vizeSArtha-natAmara ziroratna ityAdi kA TippaNakAra ne eka dUsarA artha kiyA hai, jo anvaya ke anusAra isa prakAra hai-natAmarazirorattaprabhAprotanakhatviSe = praNAma karate hue cAra nikAya ke devoM ke caMcala makUToM meM jar3e hue maNigaNoM se jinake caraNoM ke nakhoM kI kAnti muzobhita ho rahI hai, aise jinAya namaH-samasta bhagavAn arhatparamezvara samUha ko namaskAra ho / ve aneka prakAra ke viSama, gahana bhava meM bhramaNa ke kAraNa pApa samUha ko jItane ke kAraNa jina kahalAte haiN| 'durvAramAravIramadacchide'durvAra-anya vAdiyoM ke dvArA jinheM jItA nahIM jA sakatA hai arthAt jinakI zakti apratihata hai| mAM lakSmI rAtIti mAraH-lakSmIdAyaka arthAta mokSamArga ke netA / vIra:-vizeSeNa Irte sakalapadArthajAtaM pratyakSI karotIti vIra:-vizeSa rUpa se samasta padArthoM ke samUha ko pratyakSa karane ke kAraNa vora arthAta sarvajJa yA samasta tattvoM ke jJAtA haiN| mArazca asau vIrazca mAravIraH-jo mokSamArga ke netA aura sarvajJa haiN| madacchit madaM mAnakaSAya chinatti vidArayati iti madacchit = jo mAnakaSAya kA vidAraNa karate haiM / mAravIrazcAsau madacchicca mAravIramadacchit = jo mokSamArga ke netA, sarvajJa aura mAnakaSAya ke vidAraka haiN| athavA mA prameya paricchedaka kevalajJAnameva raviH azeSaprakAzatvAt-samasta padArthoM kA prakAzaka hone se kevalajJAna hI jinakA ravi ( sUrya ) hai / irA-mRdu, madhura, gambhIra,
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM nirupama hitakArI divyadhvani / inakA vigraha isa prakAra hogA - mAravizca irA ca mAravIre, durvAre kuhetu dRSTAnternivArayitumazakye mAravIre yasya sa tathoktaH / mada se yahA~ rAgAdi upalakSita haiM isa prakAra madacchid kA artha hogA - rAgAdi samasta doSoM ke vidAraka | ' natAmara' ityAdi padya dvArA granthakAra laghu anantavIrya ne maGgalAcaraNa kiyA hai / maGgala zabda kI do vyutpattiyA~ haiM - maGgaM sukhaM lAtIti maGgalam - maGga arthAt sukha ko jo lAe, vaha maGgala hai / malaM gAlayati iti maGgalam - arthAt jo karma mala kA vinAza kare, vaha maMgala hai / maGgala svarUpa AcaraNa maGgalAcaraNa hai| kahA bhI hai Adau madhye'vasAne ca maGgalaM bhASitaM budhaiH / tajjinendra guNastotraM tadavighnaprasiddhaye // ( dhavalA 1-1-1 ) Adi, madhya aura anta meM Ane vAle vighnoM kA nAza karane ke lie vidvAnoM ne ukta tInoM hI sthAnoM para maGgala kahA hai aura vaha maMgala jinendra kA guNastavana hai / maMgalAcaraNa ke nimnalikhita prayojana haiM 1 - nAstikatA parihAra | 2- ziSTAcAra paripAlana / 3 - puNya samprApti / 4 - nirvighna zAstra vyutpatti, parisamApti / prazna - maMgala karake Arambha kie gae kAryoM ke kahIM para vighna pAe jAne se aura use na karake bhI prArambha kie gae kAryoM ke kahIM para vighnoM kA abhAva dekhe jAne se jinendra namaskAra vighna vinAzaka nahIM hai ? uttara - yaha koI doSa nahIM hai; kyoMki jina vyAdhiyoM kI auSadhi kI gaI hai, unakA avinAza aura jinako auSadhi nahIM kI gaI hai, unakA vinAza dekhe jAne se vyabhicAra jJAta hone para bhI kAlI miraca Adi dravyoM meM auSadhitva guNa pAyA jAtA hai / prazna - auSadhiyoM kA auSadhitva to isalie naSTa nahIM hotA ki asAdhya auSadhiyoM ko chor3akara kevala sAdhya vyAdhiyoM ke viSaya meM hI unakA vyApAra mAnA gayA hai ? uttara - to jinendra namaskAra bhI ( usI prakAra ) vighna vinAzaka mAnA jA sakatA hai; kyoMki usakA bhI vyApAra asAdhya vighnoM ke kAraNabhUta karmoM ko chor3akara sAdhya vighnoM ke kAraNabhUta karmoM ke vinAza meM
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________________ 3 prathamaH samudezaH akalaGkavaco'mbhodheruddadhra yena dhiimtaa| nyAyavidyAmataM tasmai namo mANikyanandine // 2 // prabhenduvacanodAracandrikAprasare sati / mAdRzAH kva nu gaNyante jyotiringgnnsnnibhaaH|| 3 // tathApi tadvaco'pUrvaracanAruciraM satAm / cetoharaM bhRtaM yadvannadyA navaghaTe jalam // 4 // dekhA jAtA hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki ( sarvathA ) auSadha ke samAna jinendra namaskAra nahIM hai, kyoMki jisa prakAra nirvighna agni ke hote hae na jala sakane yogya IMdhanoM kA abhAva rahatA hai ( arthAt sampUrNa prakAra ke IMdhana bhasma ho jAte haiM), usI prakAra ukta namaskAra ke jJAna va dhyAna kI sahAyatA yukta hone para asAdhya vighnotpAdaka karmoM kA bhI abhAva hotA hai ( arthAt saba prakAra ke karma vinaSTa ho jAte haiM ) tahA~ jJAna dhyAnAtmaka namaskAra ko utkRSTa evaM manda zraddhAnayukta namaskAra ko jaghanya jAnanA cAhie / zeSa asaMkhyAta loka pramANa bhedoM se bhinna namaskAra madhyama hai aura ve saba samAna phala vAle nahIM hote; kyoMki aisA mAnane para atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai (dhavalA 9 / 4, 1, 115, 1) / / __ Apane jo yaha kahA hai ki maMgala karane yA na karane para bhI (nirvighnatA kA abhAva yA sadbhAva dikhAI dene se) vahA~ vyabhicAra dikhAI detA hai, so yaha kahanA ayukta hai; kyoMki jahA~ devatA namaskAra dAna, pUjAdi rUpa dharma ke karane para bhI vighna hotA hai, vahA~ vaha pUrvakRta pApa kA hI phala jAnanA cAhie, dharma kA doSa nahIM aura jahA~ devatA namaskAra dAna pUjAdi rUpa dharma ke abhAva meM bhI nirvighnatA dikhAyI detI hai, vaha pUrvakRta 'dharma kA hI phala jAnanA cAhie, pApa kA arthAt maGgala na karane kA nahIM / ( paMcAstikAya tAtparyavRtti 16 / 4 ) / jisa buddhimAn mANikyanandi ne bhaTTa akalaGka svAmI ke vacana rUpa samudra se nyAyavidyArUpa amRta ko prakaTa kiyA, una mANikyanandi AcArya ko hamArA namaskAra ho // 2 // prabhAcandra nAmaka AcArya ke vacana rUpa udAra cA~danI kA prasAra hote hue juganU ke samAna alpa buddhi rUpI jyoti ke dhAraka hama jaise logoM ko gaNanA kahA~ sambhava hai ? arthAt kahIM sambhava nahIM hai // 3 // __tathApi jisa taraha nadI kA nae ghar3e meM bharA huA jala sajjanoM ke citta kA haraNa karane vAlA hotA hai, usI prakAra prabhAcandra ke vacana
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM vaijeyapriyaputrasya hIrapasyoparodhataH / zAntiSeNArthamArabdhA parIkSAmukhapaJjikA / / 5 / / zrImannyAyAvArapArasyAmeyaprameyaratnasArasyAvagAhanamavyutpannaH katu na pAryata iti tadavagAhanAya protaprApyamidaM prakaraNamAcAryaH prAha / tatprakaraNasya ca sambandhAditrayAparijJAne sati prekSAvatAM pravRttirna syAditi tattrayAnuvAdapurassaraM vastunirdezaparaM pratijJAzlokamAha pramANAdarthasaMsiddhistadAbhAsAdviparyayaH / iti vakSye tayorlakSma siddhamalpaM laghIyasaH // 1 // hI merI apUrva racanA meM bhare jAne para sajjanoM ke mana kA haraNa kareMge / / 4 / / vaijeya ke priya putra hIrapa ke anurodha se zAntiSeNa nAmaka ziSya ke par3hane ke lie yaha parIkSAmukhapaJjikA prArambha kI gaI hai|| 5 // bAdhArahita hone rUpa lakSaNa se yukta athavA zraddhAnAdi guNoM ko utpanna karane rUpa lakSaNa se yukta athavA pUrvApara virodha se rahitapane rUpa lakSaNa vAlI zrI se yukta, aisA jo naya pramANa rUpa yukti kA pratipAdana karane se yuktizAstrarUpa nyAya vAlA apAra samudra hai tathA jisameM aprameya (jisakI gaNanA nahIM kI jA sakatI ) ratnoM kA sAra hai, usake avagAhana karane ke lie yuktizAstra ke saMskAra se rahita jo avyutpanna puruSa haiM, ve asamartha haiM ataH usa yuktizAstra rUpa samudra meM avagAhana ke lie jahAja ke samAna isa parIkSAmukha grantha ko AcArya mANikyanandI ne kahA hai| usa parIkSAmukha prakaraNa ke sambandhAdi tIna ( sambandha, abhidheya aura zakyAnuSThAna rUpa iSTa prayojana ) ke jAne binA vicAra karane meM catura citta vAloM ko pravRtti nahIM ho sakatI ataH ukta artha ke punaH kathana rUpa tInoM ke anuvAda pUrvaka vastu kA nirdeza karane vAle arthAt pramANa aura pramANAbhAsa rUpa abhidheya kA kathana karane vAle pratijJA zloka ko kahate haiM / ( vartamAna kA aGgIkAra pratijJA hai)|..... zlokArtha-pramANa se arthAt samyak jJAna se artha kI samyak prakAra siddhi hotI hai aura pramANAbhAsa se artha kI samyaka prakAra siddhi nahIM hotI hai| isalie maiM pramANa aura pramANAbhAsa kA prasiddha saMkSipta lakSaNa kaniSThajanoM arthAt mandabuddhiyoM ke lie kahU~gA // 1 // . vizeSa--yadyapi artha zabda viSaya, mokSa, zabda vAcya, prayojana, vyavahAra, dhana, zAstra ityAdi aneka arthoM meM prasiddha hai tathApi yahA~ isako
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________________ prathamaH samuddezaH asyArthaH-ahaM vakSye pratipAdayiSye / kiM tat ? lakSma lakSaNam' / kiviziSTaM lakSma ? siddham, pUrvAcAryaprasiddhatvAt / punarapi kathambhUtam ? alpam, alpagranthavAcyatvAt / granthato'lpamarthatastu mahadityarthaH / kAn ? laghIyaso vineyAnuddizya / lAghavaM matikRtamiha gRhyate, na parimANakRtaM nApi kAlakRtam, tasya pratipAdyatvavyabhicArAt / kayostallakSma ? tayoH pramANa-tadAbhAsayoH / kutaH ? yato'rthasya paricchedyasya saMsiddhiH samprAptiptirvA bhavati / kasmAt ? pramANAt / na vyutpatti hai-'aryate gamyate jJAyate yaH so'rthaH'-jise jAnA jAtA hai, vaha artha hai / jo jaisA nahIM hone para bhI usake samAna pratibhAsita hotA hai vaha tadAbhAsa hai| apanI ruci se maiM pramANa aura pramANAbhAsa kA lakSaNa nahIM kaha rahA hai, apitu inakA pUrvAcAryoM dvArA prasiddha lakSaNa kaha rahA hU~, etadartha siddha yaha vizeSaNa diyA hai| piSTapeSaNa ke parihAra ke lie alpa yaha vizeSaNa diyA hai / laghIyasaH se tAtparya mandamatiyoM ko hai / isakA artha hai-maiM pratipAdana kruuNgaa| vaha kyA ? lakSma = lakSaNa / vaha lakSaNa kaisA hai ? siddha hai; kyoMki pUrvAcAryoM se prasiddha hai| punaH kaisA hai| alpa hai; kyoMki alpa zabdoM se race gae grantha ke dvArA kahA gayA hai| yadyapi vaha lakSaNa grantha kI apekSA alpa hai tathApi artha kI apekSA mahAn hai / yaha lakSaNa kinake lie kahA jA rahA hai ? laghu ziSyoM ko lakSya karake / yahA~ para lAghava buddhi kI apekSA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai / parimANakRta aura kAlakRta nahIM; kyoMki usakA pratipAdya ziSya ke sAtha vyabhicAra dekhA jAtA hai / tAtparya yaha ki lAghava tIna prakAra kA hai-matikRta, kAlakRta aura kAyaparimANakRta / inameM se anta ke do lAghava grAhya nahIM haiN| kyoMki una donoM kA pratipAdya ziSya ke sAtha vyabhicAra dekhA jAtA hai| kAlakRta lAghava ko mAneM to ATha varSa ke jJAna sampanna saMyata se vyabhicAra doSa A jAtA hai| kAlakRta lAghava grahaNa kareM to jise zAstra vidita hai, aise kUbar3e Adi se vyabhicAra dekhA jAtA hai| arthAt kitane hI kubar3e adhika jJAnI dikhAI dete haiM / kinakA lakSaNa kahA jAyagA ? pramANa aura pramANAbhAsa kA / kaise ? kyoMki jJeya padArtha kI bhale prakAra siddhi, samprapti athavA jJapti hotI hai| kisase ? pramANa se| pramANa se kevala 1. vyatikIrNavastuvyAvRttiheturlakSaNam / 2. ziSyatva / 3. sAdhyAbhAve pravartamAno heturvyabhicArI bhavati /
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM kevalaM pramANAdarthasaMsiddhirbhavati, viparyayo bhavati---arthasaMsiddhayabhAvo bhavati / kasmAt / tadAbhAsAt pramANAbhAsAt / itizabdo hetvarthe , iti hetoH| ayamatra samudAyArthaH-yataH kAraNAtpramANAdarthasaMsiddhirbhavati, yasmAcca tadAbhAsAdviparyayo bhavati; iti hetostayoH pramANa-tadAbhAsayorlakSma lakSaNamahaM vakSye iti / nanu sambandhAbhidheyazakyAnuSThAneSTaprayojanavanti hi zAstrANi bhavanti / tatrAsya prakaraNasya yAvadabhidheyaM sambandho vA nAbhidhIyate, na tAvadasyopAdeyatvaM bhavitumarhati; eSa vandhyAsuto yAtItyAdivAkyavata, daza dADimAdivAkyavacca / tathA zakyAnuSThAneSTaprayojanamapi zAstrAdAvavazyaM vaktavyameva, azakyAnuSThAneSTaprayojanasya sarvajvaraharatakSakacUDAratnAlaGkAropadezasyeva prekSAvadbhiranAdaraNIyatvAt / tathA zakyAnuSThAnasyApyaniSTaprayojanasya vidvadbhiravadhIraNA mAtRvivAhApadArtha kA samyak siddhi hI nahIM hotI hai, viparyaya bhI hotA hai-artha kI samyaka prakAra kI siddhi kA abhAva hotA hai| kaise ? tadAbhAsapramANAbhAsa se| iti zabda hetu artha meM hai-iti hetoH-isa kAraNa yahA~ yaha samudAyArtha hai-cuMki pramANa se artha kI bhale prakAra siddhi hotI hai, aura pramANAbhAsa se viparyaya hotA hai ataH pramANa aura pramANAbhAsa kA lakSaNa maiM khNgaa| zaGkA-zAstra nizcita rUpa se sambandha, abhidheya aura zakyAnuSThAna-iSTa prayojana vAle hote haiM / inameM se isa prakaraNa kA jaba taka abhidheya athavA sambandha nahIM kahA jAyagA, taba taka isakI upAdeyatA honI yogya nahIM hai / jaise-yaha kharagoza ke sIMga kA dhanuSa dhAraNa karane vAlA, AkAza kusuma kA seharA dhAraNa kie hue vandhyA kA putra mRgatRSNA meM snAna kara jA rahA hai| yahA~ para sambandha hai| kintu abhidheyatva nahIM hai| daza antara haiN| chaH pUvA haiM, yaha bakare kA camar3A hai| ina vAkyoM meM abhidheyatva hone para bhI sambandha nahIM hai| usI prakAra zAstra ke Adi meM zakyAnuSThAna-iSTa prayojana bhI avazya kahanA cAhie; kyoMki jo bAta iSTa prayojana vAlI hote hue bhI azakyAnuSThAna ho arthAt jisakA anuSThAna karanA sambhava na ho, vaha bhI buddhimAnoM ke dvArA AdaraNIya nahIM hotI hai / jaise kisI puruSa se yaha kahanA ki takSaka nAga ke mastaka ke maNi kA alaGkAra dhAraNa karane se samasta jvara roga dUra ho jAte haiN| jo bAta zakyAnuSThAna hote hue bhI aniSTa prayojana vAlI hotI hai, vaha 1. iti hetuprakaraNaprakarSAdisamAptiSu / 2. evaM sati trissu| 3. anAdaraNIyatvAt / .
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________________ prathamaH samuddezaH dipradarzaka 'vAkyavaditi / satyam re, pramANa - tadAbhAsapadopAdAnAdabhidheyamabhihitameva, pramANa - tadAbhAsayoranena prakaraNenAbhidhAnAt / sambandhazcArthAyAtaH prakaraNa tadabhidheyayovacya vAcaka bhAvalakSaNaH pratIyata eva / tathA prayojanaM coktalakSaNamAdizlokenaiva saMlakSyate / prayojanaM hi dvidhA bhidyate - sAkSAtparamparayeti / tatra sAkSAtprayojanaM 'vakSye' ityanenAbhidhIyate, prathamaM zAstra vyutpattereva vineyairanveSaNAt / pAramparyeNa tu prayojanamarthasaMsiddhirityanenocyate, zAstravyutpattyanantarabhAvitvAdarthasaMsiddheriti / nanu niHzeSa vighnopazamanAyeSTa devatAnamaskAraH zAstrakRtA kathaM na kRta iti na vAcyam; tasya manaH kAyAbhyAmapi sambhavAt / athavA vAcaniko'pi namaskAro'nenaivAdi vAkyenAbhihito veditavyaH; keSAJcidvAkyAnAmubhayArtha prati bhI vidvAnoM ke dvArA tiraskaraNIya hotI hai / jaise - mAtA se vivAha karane ke pradarzaka vAkya | mAtA ke sAtha vivAha zakya hai, kintu vaha buddhimAnoM ke dvArA tiraskaraNIya hai / samAdhAna- ApakI bAta sahI hai / pramANa aura pramANAbhAsa padoM ke grahaNa karane se abhidheya kA kathana ho hI gayA: kyoMki isa prakaraNa grantha ke dvArA pramANa aura pramANAbhAsa kA kathana ho ho gayA / aura sambandha artha- prApta hai; kyoMki isa prakaraNa grantha meM aura usake dvArA abhidheya pramANa aura pramANAbhAsa meM vAcya vAcaka bhAvarUpa lakSaNa vAlA sambandha spaSTata: pratIta ho rahA hai / isI prakAra prayojana bhI isI Adima zloka se bhalI bhA~ti lakSita ho rahA hai / prayojana ke do bheda hote haiM - 1. sAkSAt 2. paramparA se / ( zAstra vyutpatti rUpa ) sAkSAtprayojana 'vakSye' isa pada ke dvArA kahA gayA hai / ziSya zAstra kI vyutpatti kA sabase pahale anveSaNa karate haiN| paramparA se prayojana 'artha saMsiddhi' isa pada ke dvArA kahA gayA hai; kyoMki padArtha kI bhale prakAra siddhi zAstra kI vyutpatti ke anantara hI hotI hai / yahA~ yaha nahIM kahanA cAhie ki samasta vighnoM kI upazAnti ke lie zAstrakAra ne iSTadevatA ko namaskAra kyoM nahIM kiyA; kyoMki yaha to mana aura kAya se bhI saMbhava hai / athavA vAcanika namaskAra bhI isI Adi vAkya se kahA huA jAnanA cAhie, kyoMki kitane hI vAkya ubhaya artha kA 1. yajurvedapravRttilakSaNe mAtaramapi vivRNIyAt putrakAma iti zrutiH / 2. ardhAGgIkAre / 3. matervizeSeNa saMzayAdivyavacchedenotpattiH vyutpattiriti vyutpatterlakSaNam / 7
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM pAdanaparatvenApi dRzyamAnatvAt / yathA zveto dhAvatItyukte 'zvA ito dhAvati, zvetaguNayukto dhAvati' ityarthadvayapratItiH / tatrAdivAkyasya namaskAraparatA'bhidhIyate--- arthasya heyopAdeyalakSaNasya saMsiddhijJaptirbhavati / kasmAt ? pramANAt / anantacatuSTayasvarUpAntaraGgalakSaNA, samavasaraNAdisvabhAvA bahiraGgalakSaNA lakSmIrmA ityucyate / aNanamANa : ' zabdaH, mA ca ANazca mANau / prakRSTo mANau yasyAsau pramANaH / hari-harAyasambhavivibhUtiyukto dRSTeSTAviruddhavAk ca bhagavAnnarhannevAbhidhIyata ityasAdhAraNa guNopadarzanameva bhagavataH saMstavanamabhidhIyate / tasmAt pramANAdadhibhUtAdarthasaMsiddhirbhavati, tadAbhAsAcca hari-harA derartha saM siddhirna bhavati iti hetoH sarvajJa-tadAbhAsayorlakSma lakSaNamahaM vakSye - 'sAmagrIvizeSetyAdinA' / 1 - athedAnImupakSiptapramANatattve svarUpa saGkhyA-viSaya-phalalakSaNAsu catasRSu 8 pratipAdana karane vAle dekhe jAte haiM / jaise - 'zveto dhAvati' aisA kahe jAne para " zvA - (kuttA) idhara daur3atA hai" aura 'zveta guNa yukta' daur3atA hai, isa prakAra do arthoM ko pratIti hotI hai / Adi vAkya kI namaskAraparatA kahI jAtI hai-- heyopAdeya rUpa lakSaNa vAle padArtha kI saMsiddhi-jJapti hai / kisase ? pramANa se / ananta catuSTaya rUpa antaraGga lakSaNa vAlI aura samavazaraNAdisvabhAvA bahiraGga lakSagA lakSmI 'mA' kahI jAtI hai / jisake dvArA kathana kiyA jAtA hai vaha 'aNanamANaH zabda:' athavA 'aNyate zabdyate yenAsAvANaH' vyutpatti ke anusAra ANa arthAt divyadhvani kahI jAtI hai / 'mA ca ANazca mANau' isa prakAra dvandva samAsa karane para mANa zabda banatA hai / 'prakRSTau mANau yasyAsau pramANaH' yaha pramANa zabda kA vigraha hai / pra = prakRSTa, mANaH - antaraMga, bahiraMga lakSmI aura divyadhvani jisake pAyI jAya arthAt arahanta deva | isa prakAra pramANa zabda se hari, hara Adi meM jo vibhUti asambhava hai tathA jinakI vANI pratyakSa aura anumAna se viruddha nahIM hai, aise bhagavAn arhanta deva hI kahe jAte / isa prakAra asAdhAraNa guNoM ko pradarzita karanA hI bhagavAn kA saMstavana kahA jAtA hai | ataH avadhibhUta ( prathama kAraNabhUta ) pramANa se artha kI saMsiddhi hotI hai aura pramANAbhAsa - hari harAdika se artha ko saMsiddhi nahIM hotI hai / ataH sarvajJa aura sarvajJAbhAsa kA lakSaNa maiM kahU~gA - sAmagrI vizeSa ityAdi / aba Age jisakA kathana prArambha kiyA hai, usa pramANa tattva ke viSaya meM svarUpa, saMkhyA, viSaya aura phala lakSaNa vAlI cAra vipratipattiyoM ke 1. aNyate zabdyate yenAsAvANaH, divyadhvanirityarthaH /
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________________ prathamaH samuddezaH vipratipattiSu madhye svarUpavipratipattinirAkaraNArthamAha madhya meM svarUpa vipratipatti ke nirAkaraNa ke lie kahate haiM-- vizeSArtha-svarUpa vipratipatti jaise-Arhat matAnuyAyI svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmaka jJAna ko pramAga mAnate haiN| kapila ke anuyAyI indriya vRtti ko pramANa mAnate haiN| prabhAkara ke anuyAyI pramAtA ke vyApAra ko pramANa kahate haiM / bhaTTa ke anuyAyo anadhigatArthaganta pramANam aisA kahate haiN| bauddha loga avisaMvAdi jJAna ko pramANa mAnate haiN| yoga (nyAyavaizeSika ) pramA ke karaNa ko pramANa kahate haiM / jayanta ke anuyAyI kAraka sAkalya ko pramANa kahate haiM / indriya aura padArtha kA sambandha sannikarSa hai| kArakoM ke samUha kA nAma kAraka sAkalya hai| laghu naiyAyika sannikarSa ko pramANa mAnate haiN| vRddha naiyAyika kAraka sAkalya ko pramANa mAnate haiN| saMkhyA viprattipatti-cArvAka kevala pratyakSa ko pramANa mAnate haiN| bauddha pratyakSa aura anumAna do pramANa mAnate haiN| sAMkhya pratyakSa, anumAna aura zabda tIna pramANa mAnate haiN| naiyAyika pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna aura zabda cAra pramANa mAnate haiN| prabhAkara ke anuyAyI pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna, zabda aura arthApatti ina pA~ca pramANoM ko mAnate haiN| bhaTTa ke anuyAyI pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna, zabda, arthApatti aura abhAva ye chaH pramANa mAnate haiN| paurANika inake atirikta saMbhava aura aitihya pramANoM ko mAnate haiN| yaha saba yukta nahIM haiN| jainoM kA kahanA hai ki pramANa do prakAra kA hotA hai-1-pratyakSa 2-parokSa / viSaya vipratipatti-kapila ke anuyAyI aura puruSAdvaitavAdI kahate haiM ki pramANatattva kA sAmAnya hI viSaya hai, vizeSa nhiiN| bauddha kahate haiM ki pramANa tattva kA vizeSa hI viSaya hai, sAmAnya nhiiN| yaugoM kA kahanA hai ki pramANa kA viSaya sAmAnya aura vizeSa donoM svatantra rUpa se hai| mImAMsaka abheda rUpa se sAmAnya aura vizeSa ko pramANa kA viSaya mAnate haiN| jaina loga sAmAnya aura vizeSa meM kathaJcit bheda aura kathaJcit abheda mAnakara sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka vastu ko pramANa kA viSaya mAnate haiN| phala vipratipatti-kapila ke anuyAyo aura yoga phala ko pramANa se bhinna mAnate haiN| buddha ke anuyAyI pramANa se phala ko abhinna hI mAnate haiN| jaina kahate haiM ki pramANa se phala kathaMcit bhinna hai, kathaJcit abhinna hai|
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmakaM jJAnaM pramANam // 1 // prakarSeNa saMzayAdivyavacchedena mIyate paricchidyate vastutattvaM yena tatpramANam / tasya ca jJAnamiti vizeSaNamajJAnarUpasya sannikarSAdernaiyAyikAdiparikalpitasya pramANatvavyavacchedArthamuktam / tathA jJAnasyApi svasaMvedanendriyamanoyogipratyakSasya nirvikalpasya pratyakSatvasya prAmANyaM saugataiH parikalpitam, tannirAsArthaM vyavasAyAtmakagrahaNam / tathA bahirApahrotRNAM vijJAnAdvaitavAdinAM puruSAdvaitavAdinAM pazyatoharANAM zUnyakAntavAdinAJca viparyAsavyudAsArthamarthagrahaNam / asya cApUrvavizeSaNaM gRhItagrAhidhArAvAhijJAnasya pramANatAparihArArtha muktam / tathA parokSajJAnavAdinAM mImAMsakAnAmasvasaMvedanajJAnavAdinAM sAMkhyAnAM jJAnAntarapratyakSajJAnavAdinAM yaugAnAJca matamapAkatu svapadopAdAnam / ityavyAptyativyAptyasambhavadoSaparihA sUtrArtha-apane Apake aura apUrvArtha arthAt jise kisI anya pramANa se jAnA nahIM hai aise padArtha ke nizcaya karane vAle jJAna ko pramANa kahate haiM // 1 // jisake dvArA prakarSa se saMzaya Adi ( Adi zabda se viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya kA grahaNa hotA hai) ke nirAkaraNa se vastU tattva jAnA jAya, vaha pramANa hai| sUtra meM jJAna yaha vizeSaNa naiyAyikAdi ke dvArA parikalpita sannikarSAdi ke pramANatva ke nirAkaraNa ke lie kahA gayA hai / bauddhoM ne svasaMvedana, indriya pratyakSa, mano pratyakSa aura yogi pratyakSa rUpa nirvikalpa pratyakSa rUpa jJAna kA prAmANya kalpita kiyA hai, usake nirAkaraNa ke lie vyavasAyAtmaka pada kA grahaNa kiyA hai| bAhya padArtha kA apalApa karane vAle vijJAnAdvaitavAdI tathA puruSAdvaitavAdI evaM dekhate hae bhI anAdara karake lopa karane vAle zanyaikAntavAdiyoM kI viparItatA kA nirAkaraNa karane hetu artha pada kA grahaNa kiyA hai| sUtra meM jo apUrva vizeSaNa kahA gayA hai, vaha gRhItagrAhi dhArAvAhika jJAna kI pramANatA kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie kahA gayA hai| tathA parokSajJAnavAdI mImAMsaka, asvasaMvedanavAdI sAMkhya, jJAnAntara pratyakSa jJAnavAdI yauga (nyAya-vaizeSika) ke mata kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie sva pada kA grahaNa kiyA hai| isa prakAra avyApti, ativyApti aura asaMbhava doSa kA nirAkaraNa karane se pramANa kA lakSaNa 1. indriyArthayoH sambandhaH snnikrssH| kArakANAM samUhaH kArakasAkalyam / laghunaiyAyikAnAM sannikarSoM jarannaiyAyikAnAM kArakasAkalyam, kApilAnAbhi ndriyavRttiH prAbhAkarANAM jJAtRvyApAro'jJAnarUpo'pi / 2. apalApinAm / 3. pazyantamanAdRtya hatRNAm /
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________________ prathamaH samuddezaH rAt suvyavasthitameva pramANalakSaNam / asya ca pramANasya yathoktalakSaNatve sAdhye pramANatvAditi heturatraiva draSTavyaH, prathamAntasyApi hetuparatvena nirdezopapatteH; pratyakSaM vizadaM jJAnaM' ityAdivat / suvyavasthita hai| isa pramANa ke yathokta lakSaNatva ke sAdhya hone para pramANatva yaha hetu yahIM dekhanA cAhie / pramANa pada prathamAnta hone para bhI isakA hetu ke rUpa meM nirdeza ucita hai| jaise 'pratyakSaM vizadaM jJAnaM'-vizada jJAna pratyakSa hai| yahA~ pratyakSa dharmI hai, vizada jJAna sAdhya hai aura pratyakSatva hetu hai| TippaNakAra ne eka anya udAharaNa diyA hai-'guravo rAjamASA na bhakSaNoyA' yahA~ prathamAnta hone para bhI gurutvAd, yaha hetu hai| vizeSa--'matizrutAvadhimanaHparyayakevalAni jJAnam' isa sUtra meM samyagjJAnoM kA sAmAnya jJAna pada se saMgraha hone se hetu hetumadbhAva ke jJApana ke lie 'jJAnam' yaha prathak pada hai| jJAna pramANa hone ke yogya hai| kyoMki vaha apane Apake aura apUrvArtha kA nizcaya karAne vAlA hone ke kAraNa / yahA~ para 'jJAnam' isa vizeSaNa se avyApti doSa kA parihAra hai / 'vyavasAyAtmakam' isa vizeSaNa se ativyApti kA nirAkaraNa hotA hai| sva pada se asambhava doSa kA nirAkaraNa hotA hai| sAmAnya kA pratyakSa hone aura vizeSa kA pratyakSa na hone tathA vizeSa kI smRti se saMzaya hotA hai| indriya aura padArtha kA sambandha sannikarSa hai| kArakoM kA samUha kAraka sAkalya hai| laghanaiyAyika sannikarSa aura vaddhanaiyAyika kArakasAkalya mAnate haiN| sAMkhya indriyavatti ko pramANa mAnate haiN| prabhAkara ke anuyAyI ajJAna rUpa bhI jJAtRvyApAra ko pramANa mAnate haiM / bauddhoM ke anusAra indriya kA jJAna indriya jJAna hai| jo indriya ke Azrita ( indriyajanya ) hai, vaha pratyakSa ( indriya jJAna kahalAtA hai ) / samasta citta ( vijJAna ) aura caitta ( vizeSa avasthA kA grahaNa karane vAle sukha Adi) padArthoM kA AtmasaMvedana (yA svasaMvedana) pratyakSa hotA hai| apane ( sva = indriya ke ) viSaya (kSaNa ) ke anantara hone vAlA (samAnajAtIya dvitIya kSaNa ) hai sahakArI jisakA aise indriya jJAna dvArA samanantara pratyaya ke rUpa se utpAdita jJAna manovijJAna ( nAmaka pratyakSa ) hai| yathArtha vastu (kSaNika vastu ) kI bhAvanA ke prakarSa paryanta se utpanna hone vAlA yogiyoM kA jJAna yogipratyakSa hai /
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM tathAhi-pramANaM svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmakaM jJAnaM bhavati, pramANatvAt / yattu svApUrthivyavasAyAtmakaM jJAnaM na bhavati, na tatpramANam, yathA 'saMzayAdirghaTAdizca / pramANaJca vivAdApannam / tasmAtstrApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmakaM jJAnameva bhavatIti / na ca pramANatvamasiddham; sarvapramANasvarUpavAdinAM pramANasAmAnye vipratipattyabhAvAt, anyathA sveSTAniSTasAdhana-dUSaNAyogAt / atha dharmiNa eva hetutve pratijJArthaMkadezAsiddho hetuH syAditi cenna; vizeSa dharmiNaM kRtvA sAmAnyaM hetu bruvatAM doSAbhAvAt / "etenApakSadharmatvamapi pratyuktam, sAmAnyasyAzeSavizeSaniSThatvAt / na ca pakSadharmatAbalena hetorgamakatvam, api tvanyathAnupapatti baleneti / sA cAtra niyamavatI vipakSe baadhkprmaannblaannishcitv| etena viruddhatvamanaikAntikatvaJca svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmaka jJAna pramANa hai; kyoMki usameM pramANatA pAyI jAtI hai| jo svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmaka jJAna nahIM hotA hai, vaha pramANa nahIM hai| jaise-saMzayAdika tathA ghaTAdika / ye cU~ki svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmaka nahIM haiM, ata: pramANa nahI haiN| pramANa vivAda ko prApta hai| ataH svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmaka jJAna hI hotA hai| pramANatva asiddha bhI nahIM hai| kyoMki pramANa kA svarUpa kahane vAle samasta vAdiyoM kI pramANa sAmAnya ke viSaya meM kisI prakAra kI vipratipatti nahIM hai, anyathA apane iSTa tattva kA sAdhana tathA aniSTa tattva kA dUSaNa nahIM bana sakatA hai / zaGkA-dharmI ke hI hetu rUpa mAnane para pratijJArthekadezAsiddha nAmaka hetvAbhAsa ho gyaa| samAdhAna-yaha zaGkA Thoka nahIM hai| vizeSa ko dharmI mAnakara sAmAnya kA hetu ke rUpa meM kathana karane para doSa kA abhAva prApta hotA hai| hetu ke anyathAnupapatti niyama rUpa nizcaya ke isa samarthana se hetu kI apakSavarmatA kA bhI nirAkaraNa ho gayA; kyoMki sAmAnya apane samasta vizeSoM meM vyApta hokara rahatA hai| pakSadharmatA ke bala se hetu kI sAdhya ke prati gamakatA nahIM hai, apitu anyathAnupapatti ke bala se ho sAdhya ke prati gamakatA hai| vaha anyathAnupapatti yahA~ niyama se hai / arthAt pramANatva 1. bauddhAn prati dRSTAntaH / 2. nigamanam / 3. sAdhyAbhAve sAdhanAbhAvaH / 4. avinaabhaavvtii|
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________________ prathamaH samuddezaH 13 nirastaM boddhavyam / viruddhasya vyabhicAriNazcAvinAbhAvaniyamanizcayalakSaNatvAyo. gAt / ato bhavatyeva sAdhyasiddhiriti kevalavyatirekiNo'pi hetorgamakatvAt, sAtmakaM jIvaccharIraM prANAdimatvAditivat / athedAnI svoktapramANalakSaNasya jJAnamiti vizeSaNaM samarthayamAnaH prAhahitAhitaprAptiparihArasamathaM hi pramANaM tato jJAnameva tt||2|| hitaM sukhaM tatkAraNaJca / ahitaM duHkhaM tatkAraNaJca / hitaM cAhitaM ca hitaahite| tayoH prAptizca parihArazca, tatra samartham / 'hi' zabdo yasmAdarthe / tenAyamarthaH sampAdito bhavati-yasmAddhitAhitaprAptiparihArasamarthaM pramANama, tatastahetu kI svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmaka jJAna rUpa sAdhya ke sAtha anyathAnupapatti nizcita rUpa se hai| isalie vaha bAdhaka vipakSa ( saMzayAdika ) meM bAdhaka pramANa ke bala se nizcita hI hai| isa kathana se ( sAdhya viparIta vyApta ) viruddha aura (savyabhicAra ) anaikAntika kA bhI nirAkaraNa jAnanA cAhie; kyoMki viruddha hetu ke aura vyabhicArI hetu ke avinAbhAvarUpa niyama ke nizcayasvarUpa lakSaNapane kA abhAva hai| ataH pramANatva hetu se sAdhya kI siddhi hotI hI hai; kyoMki kevala vyatirekI hetU bhI gamaka hai| jaise-jItA huA zarIra AtmA sahita hai; kyoMki vaha prANAdimAn hai / jo AtmA sahita nahIM hotA hai vaha prANAdimAn nahIM dekhA gyaa| jaise-mataka zarIra / vizeSa-sAdhya ke abhAva meM sAdhana arthAt hetu kA na honA avinAbhAva hai| ataeva eka muhUrta bAda zakaTa kA udaya hogA; kyoMki kRttikA kA udaya ho rahA hai, ityAdi meM kRttikodaya zakaTa kA dharma nahIM hotA hai| sAdhya ke binA hetU kA na honA vidyamAna nahIM hai| pramANa kA asAdhAraNa svarUpa kahane ke anantara isa samaya apane kahe gae pramANa ke lakSaNa meM 'jJAna' isa vizeSaNa kA samarthana karate hae. kahate haiM sUtrArtha-caM ki pramANa hita kI prApti aura ahita kA parihAra karane meM samartha hai, ataH vaha jJAna hI ho sakatA hai / / 2 / / sukha ( mAlA, vastrAdi) aura sukha ke kAraNa (samyagdarzanAdi ) ko hita kahate haiN| duHkha ( kaSTakAdi ) aura duHkha ke kAraNa ( mithyAtvAdi ) ko ahita kahate haiN| hitAhitaprAptiparihArasamartha kA vigraha isa prakAra hogA-'hitaM cAhitaM ca hitAhite, tayoH prAptizca parihArazca tatra samartham' / hi zabda hetu ke artha meM hai| usase yaha artha sampAdita hotA hai-cU~ki hita kI prApti aura ahita ke parihAra meM samartha pramANa
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM pramANatvenAbhyupagataM vastu jJAnameva bhavitumarhati, nAjJAnarUpaM sannikarSAdiH / tathA ca prayogaH-pramANaM jJAnameva, hitAhitaprAptiparihArasamarthatvAt / yattu na jJAnaM tanna hitAhitaprAptiparihArasamartham, yathA ghaTAdi / hitAhitaprAptiparihArasamarthaJca vivAdApannam , tasmAjjJAnameva bhavatIti / na caitadasiddham, hitaprAptaye'hitaparihArAya ca pramANamanveSayanti prekSApUrvakAriNo na vyasanitayA'; sakalapramANavAdibhirabhimatatvAt / atrAha saugataH-bhavatu nAma sannikarSAdivyavacchedena jJAnasyaiva prAmANyam', na tadasmAbhiniSidhyate / tattu vyavasAyAtmakamevetyatra na yuktimutpazyAmaH / anumAnasyaiva vyavasAyAtmanaH prAmANyAbhyupagamAt / pratyakSasya tu nirvikalpakatve'pyavisaMvAdakatvena prAmANyopapatteriti tatrAha tanizcayAtmakaM samAropaviruddhatvAdanumAnavat // 3 // hai ataH vaha pramANa ke rUpa meM mAnI gaI vastu jJAna hI hone ke yogya hai, ajJAna rUpa sannikarSAdi nhiiN| anumAna prayoga isa prakAra hogA-pramANa jJAna hI hai, kyoMki vaha hita kI prApti aura ahita kA parihAra karane meM samartha hai / jo jJAna nahIM hotA hai, vaha hita kI prApti aura ahita kA parihAra karane meM samartha nahIM hotA hai / jaise ghaTA di| hita kI prApti aura ahita kA parihAra karane meM samartha pramANa hai ataH vaha jJAna hI ho sakatA hai| yaha bAta asiddha nahIM hai| kyoMki hita kI prApti aura ahita ke parihAra ke lie vicArapUrvaka kArya karane vAle pramANa kA anveSaNa karate haiM, vyasana rUpa se nahIM, yaha bAta samasta pramANavAdiyoM ko iSTa hai| vizeSa--kArya ke binA pravRtti vyasana hai / yahA~ para bauddha kahate haiM-sannikarSAdi kA nirAkaraNa karane se jJAna kA hI prAmANya ho ( kyoMki vaha upAdeyabhUta arthakriyA ke prasAdhaka artha kA pradarzaka hai ), usakA hama niSedha nahIM karate haiN| kintu vaha jJAna nizcayAtmaka hI ho / yahA~ para hama koI yukti nahIM dekhate haiN| kyoMki hama logoM ne nizcayAtmaka anumAna kI hI pramANatA nizcita kI hai| ( kalpanApor3ha abhrAnta rUpa ) pratyakSa to nirvikalpaka hai ataH (nizcayAtmaka na hone para bhI) avisaMvAdaka hone se usakA prAmANya prApta hotA hai, aisA kahane vAle bauddhoM ke prati kahA hai sUtrArtha-vaha jJAna nizcayAtmaka hai; kyoMki vaha samAropa kA virodhI hai, jaise anumAna // 3 // 1. kArya vinA pravRttirvyasanam /
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________________ prathamaH samuddezaH tatpramANatvenAbhyupagataM vastviti dhminirdeshH| vyavasAyAtmakamiti sAdhyam / samAropaviruddhatvAditi hetuH / anumAnavaditi dRSTAntaH iti / ayamabhiprAyaH--saMzayaviparyAsAnadhyavasAyasvabhAvasamAropavirodhigrahaNalakSaNavyavasAyAtmakatve satyevAvisaMvAditvamupapadyate / avisaMvAditve ca pramANatvamiti 'caturvidhasyApi samakSasya pramANatvamabhyupagacchatA samAropavirodhigrahaNalakSaNaM nizcayAtmakamabhyupagantavyam / nanu tathApi samAropavirodhivyavasAyAtmakatvayoH samAnArthakatvAt vaha pramANa ke rUpa meM svIkArI huI vastu, isa prakAra dharmI kA nirdeza kiyA hai| vyavasAyAtmaka (nizcayAtmaka ), yaha sAdhya hai| ( saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya rUpa ) samAropa kA virodhI hone se, yaha hetu hai / anumAna ke samAna, yaha dRSTAnta hai| vizeSa-bauddhoM ke anusAra pratyakSa kI pramANatA avisaMvAdI hone ke kAraNa hai| avisaMvAdIpane kI pramANatA arthakriyA meM sthita hone se hai, arthakriyA meM sthita hone kI pramANatA arthaprApakatva se hai| arthaprApakatva kI pramANatA pravartaka hone se hai| pravartaka hone kI pramANatA svaviSaya upadarzaka hone se hai, svaviSaya upadarzakatva ko pramANatA nizcaya ke utpAdakatva se hai, nizcaya ke utpAdakatva kI pramANatA gRhIta artha ke avyabhicAratva se hai| virodha tIna prakAra kA hai1-sahAnavasthAna virodha, jaise-andhakAra aura prakAza meM / 2-vadhya ghAtaka virodha, jaise-sarpa aura nevale meM / 3-parasparaparihArasthitilakSaNavirodha, jaise-rUpa rasa meM / samAropa kA virodhI hone se tAtparya sahAnavasthAna lakSaNa virodha grahaNa karanA caahie| - isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya ke svabhAva rUpa samAropa ke virodhI padArtha ko grahaNa karanA jisakA lakSaNa hai, isa prakAra ke nizcayAtmakapane ke hone para hI avisaMvAdIpanA bana sakatA hai aura avisaMvAdIpane ke hone para hI jJAna kI pramANatA ho sakatI hai, isalie svasaMvedana, indriya , mAnasa aura yogipratyakSa kI pramANatA svIkAra karane vAle ( bauddhoM) ko samAropa ke virodhI ko grahaNa karane rUpa lakSaNa vAle nizcayAtmaka jJAna ko hI mAnanA caahie| phira bhI samAropa kA virodhI honA aura nizcayAtmaka honA ye 1. svasaMvedanendriyamanoyogipratyakSasya /
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________________ 16 prameyaratnamAlAyAM kathaM sAdhya-sAdhanabhAva iti na mantavyam jJAnasvabhAvatayA tayorabhede'pi vyApyavyApakatva dharmAdhAratayA bhedopapatteH ziMzapAtvavRkSatvavat / athedAnI savizeSaNamarthagrahaNaM samarthayamAnastadeva spaSTIkurvannAha ____ anizcito'pUrvArthaH // 4 // yaH pramANAntareNa saMzayAdivyavacchedenAnadhyavasitaH so'pUrvArthaH / tenehAdijJAnaviSayasyAvagrahAdigRhItatve'pi na pUrvArthatvam / avagrahAdinehAdiviSayabhUtAvAntaravizeSanizcayAbhAvAt / donoM samAnArthaka hone ke kAraNa ina donoM meM kaise sAdhana-sAdhya bhAva hai, yaha nahIM mAnanA cAhie / jJAna svabhAvI hone se samAropa kA virodhI honA aura nizcayAtmaka honA, ina donoM meM abheda hone para bhI vyApyavyApakatva rUpa dharmoM ke AdhAra kI apekSA bheda bana jAtA hai, jaiseziMzapAtva aura vRkSatva meN| pratyakSa jJAna ke nizcayAtmakatva ke samarthana ke anantara (vijJAnavAdI aisA mAnate haiM ki vyavasAyAtmaka vizeSaNa ho to, artha vizeSaNa na ho, isa prakAra kahane vAle vijJAnAdvaitavAdiyoM ke prati artha pada ko jo apUrva vizeSaNa diyA hai, usakA samarthana karate hue AcArya usake artha kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha-anizcita padArtha ko apUrvArtha kahate haiM arthAt jisa padArtha kA pahale kisI pramANa se nizcaya nahIM huA hai use apUrvArtha kahate haiM // 4 // jisa vastu kA saMzayAdi kA vyavaccheda karane vAle anya pramANa se pahale nizcaya nahIM huA hai, use apUrvArtha kahate haiN| isalie IhAdi jJAnoM kA viSayabhUta padArtha avagrahAdi ke dvArA gahIta hone para bhI pUrvArtha nahIM hai| kyoMki avagrahAdi ke dvArA IhAdi jJAna ke viSayabhUta avAntara vizeSa kA nizcaya nahIM hotA hai| vizeSa-viSaya aura viSayI kA sannipAta hone para darzana hotA hai| usake pazcAt jo padArtha kA grahaNa hotA hai, vaha avagraha kahalAtA hai| jaise cakSurindriya ke dvArA 'yaha zukla rUpa hai' aisA grahaNa karanA avagraha hai| avagraha ke dvArA grahaNa kie gae padArthoM meM usake vizeSa jAnane kI icchA IhA kahalAtI hai| jaise-jo zukla rUpa dekhA hai, vaha kyA vakapaMkti hai, isa prakAra vizeSa jAnane kI icchA yA 'vaha kyA patAkA hai', isa prakAra jAnane kI icchA IhA hai| vizeSa nirNaya dvArA jo yathArtha jJAna hotA hai, use avAya kahate haiN| jaise utpatana, nipatana aura pakSavikSepa Adi ke dvArA 'yaha - vakapaMkti hI hai, dhvajA nahIM
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________________ prathamaH samudezaH athoktaprakAra evApUrvArthaH, kimanyo'pyastotyAha-- dRSTo'pi samAropAttAdRk // 5 // dRSTo'pi gRhIto'pi, na kevalamanizcita evetyapi zabdArthaH / tAdRgapUrvArtho bhavati / samAropAditi hetuH / etaduktaM bhavati-gRhItamapi dhyAmalitAkAratayA yanniNetuM na zakyate, tadapi vastvapUrvamiti vyapadizyate; pravRttasamAropAvyavacchedAt / nanu bhavatu nAmApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmakatvaM vijJAnasya; svavyavasAyaM tu na vidma ityatrAha-- svonmukhatayA pratibhAsanaM svasya vyavasAyaH // 6 // hai, aisA nizcaya honA avAya hai| jAnI huI vastu kA jisa kAraNa kAlAntara meM vismaraNa nahIM hotA, use dhAraNA kahate haiN| jaise--yaha vahI vakapaMkti hai, jise prAtaHkAla maiMne dekhA thA, aisA jAnanA dhAraNA hai ( sarvArthasiddhi 1/15 ) / zaGkAkAra kA kahanA hai ki ye cAroM cUki gRhIta artha ko grahaNa karate haiM ataH uttarottara jJAna kA viSayabhUta padArtha apUrva nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki ye jJAna yadyapi gRhItagrAhI haiM, phira bhI unake viSayabhUta padArtha meM apUrvatA hai; kyoMki ina jJAnoM kA viSaya uttarottara naI-naI vizeSatAoM ko jAnanA hai| apUrvArtha kyA ukta prakAra kA ho hai athavA anya prakAra kA bhI hai| isake viSaya meM kahate haiM-- sUtrArtha--daSTa hone para bhI samAropa ke kAraNa padArtha vaisA hI arthAt apUrvArtha ho jAtA hai| daSTo'pi = gRhIta hone para bhI yA anya pramANa se jJAta hone para bhI, kevala anizcita hI padArtha apUrvArtha nahIM hai, apitu anya pramANa se nizcita bhI vismRta padArtha ke samAna saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya ke kAraNa apUrvArtha ho jAtA hai| samAropa hone se, yaha hetu hai| ataH sUtra kA artha isa prakAra hotA hai-gRhIta hone para bhI avyakta AkAravAlA hone se jisakA nirNaya karanA sambhava nahIM hai, vaha vastu bhI apUrva kahalAtI hai, kyoMki usake viSaya meM jo samAropa pravRtta huA hai, usakA nirAkaraNa nahIM huA hai / yauga ( nyAya-vaizeSika ) kahate haiM-jJAna apUrvArtha kA nizcaya karane vAlA bhale hI ho, kintu usako hama svavyavasAyI nahIM mAnate haiN| isake viSaya meM jainAcArya kahate haiM-- satrArtha-svonmukha rUpa se apane Apako jAnanA svavyavasAya hai // 6 / /
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________________ 18 prameyaratnamAlAyAM svasyonmukhatA svonmukhatA, tayA svonmukhatayA svAnubhavatayA pratibhAsana' svasya vyavasAyaH / atra dRSTAntamAha-- arthasyeva tadunmukhatayA // 7 // tacchabdenArtho'bhidhIyate / yathA'rthonmukhatayA pratibhAsanamarthavyavasAyastathA svonmukhatayA pratibhAsanaM svasya vyavasAyo bhavati / atrollekha mAha ghaTamahamAtmanA vedmi // 8 // nanu jJAnamarthamevAdhyavasyati, na svAtmAnam / AtmAnaM phalaM veti kecit / , kata karmaNoreva pratotirityapare / kartR-karma-kriyANAmeva pratItirityanye / teSAM matamakhilamapi pratItibAdhitamiti darzayannAha apane Apako jAnane ke abhimukha hone ko svonmukhatA kahate haiN| usa svonmukhatA se yA svAnubhavatA se jo AtmAbhimukhatayA pratIti hotI hai, vaha svavyavasAya hai| yahA~ para dRSTAnta kahate haiM sUtrArtha-jaise artha ke unmukha hokara use jAnanA artha vyavasAya hai / / 7 // / tat zabda se artha kA kathana hotA hai| jisa prakAra padArtha ke abhimukha hokara usake jAnane ko arthavyavasAya kahate haiM, usI prakAra apane Apake abhimukha hokara jo pratibhAsa hotA hai, vaha svavyavasAya hotA hai / yahA~ para ullekha kahate haiMvizeSa-dRSTAnta aura dArTAnta kA udAharaNa ullekha hai| sUtrArtha-maiM ghaTa ko apane Apake dvArA jAnatA hU~ // 8 // naiyAyikoM kA kahanA hai ki jJAna artha kA hI nizcaya karatA hai, apane Apako nahIM jAnatA hai| kucha kahate haiM ki jJAna apane Apako aura phala ko hI jAnatA hai| bhATa kahate haiM ki kartA aura karma ko hI pratIti hoto hai, zeSa kI nahIM / jaiminIya kahate haiM ki kartA, karma aura kriyA kI hI pratIti hotI hai, karaNa kA nhiiN| una sabake saba mata pratIti se bAdhita haiM, isa bAta ko dikhalAne ke lie AcArya kahate haiM / 1. jJAnasya AtmAnaM svaM jAnAtIti pratItiH pratibhAsanam /
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________________ prathamaH samuddezaH karmavat kartakaraNakriyApratIteH // 9 // jJAnaviSayabhUtaM vastu karmAbhidhIyate, tasyaiva zaptikriyayA vyApyatvAt, tasyeva tadvat / kartA AtmA / karaNaM pramANam / kriyA pramitiH / kartA ca karaNaM ca kriyA ca tAsAM pratotiH; tasyAH / iti hetau kaa| prAguktAnubhavollekhe yathAkramaM tatpratItirdraSTavyA / nanu zabdaparAmarzasaciveyaM pratItirna vastubalopajAtetyatrAha zabdAnuccAraNe'pi svasyAnubhavanamarthavat // 10 // yathAH ghaTAdizabdAnuccAraNe'pi ghaTAdyanubhavastathA'hamahamikayA yo'yamantamukhAkAratayA'vabhAmaH sa zabdAnuccAraNe'pi svayamanubhUyata ityarthaH / amumevArthamupapattipUrvakaM paraM prati solluNThamAcaSTeko vA tatpratibhAsinamarthamadhyakSamicchaMstadeva tathA necchet // 11 // sUtrArtha-karma ke samAna kartA, karaNa aura kriyA ko bhI pratIti hotI hai / / 9 / / jJAna ko viSayabhUta vastu karma kahI jAtI hai, kyoMki usakA hI jJapti kriyA ke sAtha vyApyapanA pAyA jAtA hai| jaise ki jJapti kriyA kA karma ke sAtha / kartA AtmA hai, karaNa pramANa hai, kriyA pramiti hai| kartA, karaNa aura kriyA kI pratIti, usakA phala jJAna hai| jainendra vyAkaraNa meM paJcamI vibhakti kI saMjJA 'kA' hai| pahale kahe gae anubhava ke ullekha meM ( karma kartAdi kI ) yathAkrama se pratIti jAnanI caahie| zaGkA-kartA-karmAdika kI pratIti to zabda kA uccAraNa mAtra ho hai, vastu ke bala se utpanna nahIM huI hai arthAt yathArtha nahIM hai| isake viSaya meM AcArya kahate haiM sUtrArtha-zabda kA uccAraNa nahIM karane para bhI apane ApakA anubhava padArtha ke samAna hotA hai / / 10 // jaise ghaTa Adi zabda kA uccAraNa nahIM karane para bhI ghaTa Adi kA anubhava hotA hai, usI prakAra 'ahaM', 'ahaM' isa prakAra se jo yaha antarjJAna rUpa avabhAsa hai, vaha zabda kA uccAraNa na karane para bhI svayaM anubhUta hotA hai| isI artha ko yuktipUrvaka para kA upahAsa karate hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha-aisA kauna hai jo jJAna se pratibhAsita hue padArtha ko pratyakSa 1. pnycmii| 2. zabdavikalpapradhAno vicAraH /
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM ko vA laukikaH parIkSako vA / tena jJAnena' pratibhAsitu zIlaM yasya sa tathoktastaM pratyakSaviSayamicchan viSayidharmasya viSaye upacArAt tadeva jJAnameva tathA pratyakSatvena necchet ? api vicchedeva / anyathA aprAmANikatvaprasaGgaH syaadityrthH| atrodAharaNamAha pradIpavat // 12 // idamatra tAtparyam-jJAnaM svAvabhAsane svAtiriktasajAtIyArthAntarAnapekSaM pratyakSArthaguNatve sati adRSTAnuyAyikaraNatvAt, pradIpabhAsurAkAravat / atha bhavatu nAmoktalakSaNalakSitaM pramANam, tathApi tatprAmANyaM svataH parato vA ? na tAvatsvataH, avipratipattiprasaGgAt / nApi parataH, anavasthAprasaGgAt iti mAnatA huA bhI jJAna ke hI pratyakSa hone kI icchA na kare / / 11 / / kauna laukika yA parIkSaka hai, jo usa jJAna se pratibhAsana zIla padArtha ko pratyakSa jJAna kA viSaya mAnate hae bhI usI jJAna ko pratyakSa rUpa se svIkAra na kare ? apitu vaha svIkAra karegA hI / anyathA aprAmANikapane, kA prasaMga hogaa| isa viSaya meM udAharaNa kahate haiMsatrArtha-dIpaka ke samAna // 12 // vizeSa-jisa prakAra dIpaka kI svaprakAzatA yA pratyakSatA ke binA usase pratibhAsita hue padArtha kI prakAzatA yA pratyakSatA nahIM banatI hai| usI prakAra pramANa kI pratyakSatA ke binA bhI usake dvArA pratibhAsita. padArtha kI pratyakSatA nahIM hogii| yahA~ tAtparya yaha hai-jJAna apane Apake pratibhAsa karane meM apane se atirikta sajAtIya anya padArthoM kI apekSA se rahita hai| kyoMki padArtha ko pratyakSa karane ke guNa se yukta hokara adRSTa anuyAyI karaNa vAlA hai, jaise ki dIpaka kA bhAsurAkAra / zaGkA-pramANa kahe hue lakSaNa se lakSita hove, tathApi vaha prAmANya svataH hotA hai yA parataH ? svataH to ho hI nahIM sakatA; kyoMki phira to kisI ko vivAda hI nahIM rahegA / pramANa kA prAmANya parataH bhI nahIM ho sakatA / parataH mAnane para anavasthA kA prasaGga aaygaa| isa prakAra 1. jJAnasya grAhakazaktizIlatvamarthasya jJeyazaktizIlatvam / ..
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________________ prathamaH samuddezaH matadvayamAzaGkaya tannirAkaraNena svamatamavasthApayannAha tatprAmANyaM svataH paratazca // 13 // sopaskArANi hi vAkyAni bhavanti / tata idaM pratipattavyam-abhyAsadazAyAM svato'nabhyAsadazAyAM ca parata iti / tena prAguktakAntadvayanirAsaH / na cAnabhyAsadazAyAM parataH prAmANye'pyanavasthA samAnA, jJAnAntarasyAbhyastaviSayasya svataH pramANabhUtasyAGgIkaraNAt / athavA prAmANyamutpattau parata eva, viziSTakAraNaprabhavatvAdviziSTa kAryasyeti / viSayaparicchittilakSaNe pravRttilakSaNe vA svakArye abhyAsetaradazApekSayA kvacitsvataH paratazceti nizcIyate / nanUtpattIvijJAnakAraNAtiriktakAraNAntarasavyapekSatvamasiddham prAmANyasya taditarasyaivAbhAvAt / guNAkhyamastIti vAGmAtram, vidhimukhana kAryamakhana vA gunnaanaamprtiiteH| nApyaprAmANyaM svata eva, prAmANyaM tu parata eveti viparyayaH zakyate kalpayitum; donoM matoM kI AzaGkA kara unake nirAkaraNa pUrvaka apane mata kI sthApanA karate hue kahate haiN| sUtrArtha-jJAna kA prAmANya svataH aura parataH hotA hai / // 13 // vAkya upaskAra ( zabda se dUsare zabda kA milAnA ) sahita hote haiN| ataH yaha artha jAnanA caahie| jJAna kI pramANatA abhyAsa dazA meM svataH aura anabhyAsa dazA meM parataH hotI hai| isa kAraka se pahale kahe gae donoM ekAntavAdoM kA nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai| anabhyAsa dazA meM parataH prAmANya mAnane para jainoM ke lie bhI samAna rUpa se anavasthA doSa ho jAyagA, aisA nahIM hai; kyoMki abhyasta viSaya svarUpa anya jJAna kI hamane pramANataH svataH svIkAra kI hai| athavA jJAna kI pramANatA utpatti avasthA meM parataH ho hotI hai, kyoMki viziSTa kArya kI utpatti viziSTa kAraNa se hotI hai| viSaya ke jAnane rUpa athavA pravRtti lakSaNa rUpa jJAna ke kArya meM prAmANya abhyAsa se bhinna dazA kI apekSA kahIM svataH aura kahIM ( anabhyAsa dazA meM ) parataH nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai| zaGkA-pramANa kI utpatti meM vijJAna ke kAraNa se bhinna anya kAraNoM kI apekSA asiddha hai, ataH pramANa kI pramANatA svataH hI hotI hai| kyoMki jJAnAtirikta kAraNa kA abhAva hai| yadi kahA jAya ki anya kAraga netrAdika kI nirmalatA Adi guNa pAe jAte haiM, so yaha kahanA vacanamAtra hI hai, kyoMki vidhimukha rUpa pratyakSa se tathA kAryamukha rUpa anumAna se guNoM kI pratIti nahIM hotI hai| pramANa kI apramANatA svataH 1. zabdena zabdAntaramelanamupaskAraH, tena sahitAni sopaskArANi /
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________________ 22 prameyaratnamAlAyAM anvaya-vyatirekAbhyAM hi trirUpAlliGgAdeva kevalAt prAmANyamutpadyamAnaM dRSTam / pratyakSAdiSvapi tathaiva pratipattavyam', nAnyatheti / tata evA''ptoktatvaguNasadbhAve'pi na tatkRtamAgamasya prAmANyam / tatra hi guNabhyo doSANAmabhAvastadabhAvAcca saMzaya-viparyAsalakSaNAprAmANyadvayAsattve'pi prAmANyamautsargikamanapoditamAsta eveti / tataH sthitam-prAmANyamutpattI na sAmagrayantara sApekSamiti / "nApi viSayaparicchittilakSaNe svakArye svagrahaNasApekSam, agRhItaprAmANyAdeva jJAnAdviSayaparicchittilakSaNakAryadarzanAt / / nanu na paricchittimAtraM pramANakAryam, tasya mithyAjJAne'pi sadbhAvAt / hotI hai, prAmANya to parataH hI hotA hai| isa viparyaya ko kalpanA sambhava nahIM hai| anvaya-vyatireka se kevala ( pakSa satva, sapakSa satva aura vipakSa vyAvRttarUpa) trirUpaliMga se prAmANya utpanna huA dekhA gayA hai| (yaha jala hai, isa prakAra ) pratyakSa jJAna meM bhI usake svakAraNa se hI pramANatA utpanna hotI hai, aisA mAnanA cAhie, anyathA nhiiN| pratyakSa, anumAna Adi meM svataH prAmANya ke pratipAdana sa hI Apta ke dvArA kahe hue guNa kA sadbhAva hone para bhI Agama meM pramANatA usa guNa ke kAraNa nahIM hai| Agama meM guNoM se doSoM kA abhAva hai tathA doSoM ke abhAva se saMzayaviparyaya rUpa jo do apramANa jJAna unakA abhAva hai, ataH Agama kA prAmANya svAbhAvika rUpa se abAdhita-anirAkRta siddha ho jAtA hai / cUMki vijJAna kAraNa se hI prAmANya utpanna huA pratibhAsita hotA hai, ataH yaha bAta sthita huI ki pramANa kA prAmANya utpatti meM vijJAna rUpa kAraNa se bhinna anya kAraNa kI apekSA nahIM rakhatA hai| aura na ajJAna kI nivRttilakSaNa rUpa jJAna kArya meM apane grahaNa kI apekSA rakhatI hai| jisakA prAmANya gRhIta nahIM hai, aise jJAna se viSaya kI paricchitti rUpa kArya dekhA jAtA hai| naiyAyikoM ne jo yaha kahA hai ki pramANa kA kArya jAnanAmAtra nahIM hai; kyoMki usakA mithyAjJAna meM bhI sadbhAva hai, jJAnavizeSa to jisakA 1. pakSadharmatvasapakSa sattvapakSavyAvRttirUpAt / 2. nayane guNAH santi, ythaarthoplbdhH| 3. idaM jalamiti pratyakSajJAne tatkAraNAdeva prAmANyamutpadyate, iti pratipattavyam; na bhinnkaarnnn| 4. pratyakSAnumAnAdau svataH prAmANyapratipAdanAdeva / 5. jJaptipakSodhyam / 6. ajJAnasya nivRttilakSaNe /
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________________ prathamaH samuddezaH paricchittivizeSaM tu nAgRhItaprAmANyaM vijJAnaM janayatIti ? tadapi bAlavilasitam; na hi prAmANyagrahaNottarakAlamutpattyavasthAtaH Arabhya paricchittavizeSo'vabhAsate, agRhItaprAmANyAdapi vijJAnAnnivizeSaviSayaparicchedopalabdhaH / nanu paricchittimAtrasya zuktikAyAM rajatajJAne'pi sadbhAvAttasyApi pramANakAryatvaprasaGga iti cet -- bhavedevam, yadyarthAnyathAtvapratyayasvahetutya doSa 'jJAnAbhyAM tannApodyata / tasmAdyatra kAraNadoSajJAnaM bAdhakapratyayo vA nodeti tatra svata eva prAmAvyamiti / na caivamaprAmANye'pyAzaGkanIyam, tasya vijJAnakAraNAtiriktadoSasvabhAvasAmagrIsavyapekSatayotpatteH; nivRttilakSaNe ca svakArye svagrahaNa sApekSanAt / taddhi yAvanna jJAtaM na tAvat svaviSayAtpuruSaM nivartayatIti / prAmANya gRhIta nahIM hai, aise vijJAna ko utpanna nahIM karatA hai / naiyAyika kA yaha kahanA mImAMsakoM ke anusAra bAlakoM kI ceSTA ke samAna hai; kyoMki prAmANya ke grahaNa ke uttarakAla meM utpatti avasthA se lekara jAnane rUpa kriyA kI vizeSatA pratibhAsita nahIM hotI hai, apitu agRhIta prAmANya vAle bhI vijJAna se vizeSatA rahita sAmAnya viSaya kI jAnakArI pAyI jAtI hai / naiyAyika - jAnanA mAtra sAmAnya jJAna to sIpa meM cA~dI ke jJAna meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai, use bhI pramANa kA kArya mAnane kA prasaMga upasthita hogA / mImAMsaka - aisA taba ho sakatA hai, yadi padArtha ke anyathApane kI pratIti ( arthAt yaha rajata nahIM hai yaha sIpa hai, isa prakAra nIle pRSTha para trikoNa dikhane rUpa jJAna se ) aura apane kAraNoM se utpanna hue doSa kA jJAna ( cakSu Adi meM vidyamAna kAca, kAmalA Adi doSa kA jJAna ) ina donoM ke dvArA usakA nirAkaraNa na kiyA jAya / ataH jahA~ ( vastu meM ) kAraNa ke doSa kA jJAna athavA ( yaha sIpa hai ityAdi ) bAdhaka jJAna kA udaya nahIM hotA, vahA~ para svataH hI prAmANya hotA hai / utpatti avasthA meM isa prakAra aprAmANya kI zaGkA nahIM karanI cAhie; kyoMki vijJAna ke kAraNoM se atirikta doSa svabhAvarUpa sAmagrI kI apekSA se apramANatA utpanna hotI hai / apramANatA-nivRtti rUpa svakArya meM apane aprAmANya rUpa svarUpa ke grahaNa kI apekSA hai / ataH vaha jaba taka jJAta nahIM hai, taba taka 1. 2. 3. cakSurAdigatakAca kAmala) didoSajJAnena / na nirAkriyeta / AtmagrahaNamiti / 23
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________________ ra4 prameyaratnamAlAyAM tadetatsarvamanalpatamovilasitam / tathAhi-na tAvatprAmANyasyotpattau sAmagracantarApekSatvamasiddham, AptapraNItatvalakSaNaguNasannidhAne satyevA''ptapraNItavacaneSu prAmANyadarzanAt / yadbhAvAbhAvAbhyAM yasyotpattyanutpattI tat tatkAraNakamiti loke'pi suprasiddhatvAt / yaduktaM-'vidhimukhena vA guNAnAmapratItiriti' tatra tAvadAptapraNItazabdena pratItiguNAnAmityayuktam, Apta praNItattvahAniprasaGgAt / aya cakSurAdau gaNAnAmapratotirityucyate, tadapyayuktama, nairmlyaadigunnaanaamblaabaalaadibhirpyuplbdhH| atha narmalyaM svarUpameva', na gaNaH; tahi hetoravitAbhAvavaikalyamapi svarUpavikalava, na doSa iti samAnam / atha tadvaikalyameva doSaH; hi vaha apane anyathA pratIti rUpa viSaya ( rajana ) se puruSa ko nivRtta nahIM karatI hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki jaba sIpa meM cA~dI kA jJAna hotA hai, taba usakI nivRttilakSaNa rUpa kArya meM yaha rajata nahIM hai, apitu sIpa hai, isa prakAra jJapti pakSa meM aprAmANya parataH hI hotA hai, yaha pradarzita kiyA gayA hai| jaina-yaha saba atyadhika ajJAna rUpa andhakAra ke vilAsa ke samAna hai| isI ko spaSTa karate haiM:-prAmANya kI utpatti ma (nairmalyAdi guNa rUpa) anya sAmagrI kI apekSA honA asiddha kahA, vaha ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki Apta ke dvArA praNIta honA lakSaNa rUpa guNa ke sannidhAna hone para ho Apta praNIta vacanoM meM prAmANya dekhA jAtA hai| jisake hone para jisakI utpatti ho aura jisake na hone para jisakI utpatti na ho| vaha kAraNa hotA hai / yaha bAta loka meM bhI suprasiddha hai / jo kahA gayA haiguNoM kI apratIti vidhimukha se yA kAryamukha se hotI hai| unameM Apta praNIta zabda meM guNoM kI pratIti nahIM hotI hai, yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki isase to Apta praNItatva kI hAni kA prasaMga upasthita ho jaaygaa| mImAMsakoM ne jo yaha kahA hai ki cakSurAdi meM guNoM kI pratoti nahIM hotI hai, vaha bhI ayukta hai| kyoMki netrAdi meM nirmalatA Adi gagoM kI upalabdhi striyoM aura bAlakoM ko bhI hotI hai| mImAMsaka-nirmalatA ( guNa aura guNI meM abheda ke kAraNa ) svarUpa hI hai, guNa nahIM hai ? jaina-to hetu ke avinAbhAva kI vikalatA bhI svarUpa kI vikalatA hI hai, dopa nahIM hai, yaha bhI samAna hai| arthAt jaina nairmalyAdi guNoM kA abhAva hone para svataH prAmANya jainoM ke AtA hai usI prakAra doSoM kA abhAva hone para svataH aprAmANya mImAMsakoM ke bhI hogaa| 1. guNa-guNinorabhedAt /
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________________ prathamaH samuddezaH - 'liGgasya cakSurAdervA tatsvarUpa sAkalyameva guNaH kathaM na bhavet ? Aptokte'pi zabde mohAdilakSaNaspa doSasyAbhAvameva yathArthajJAnAdilakSaNaguNasadbhAvamabhyupagacchannanyatra tathA necchatIto kathamanunmata: ? athoktametra - zabde guNA santo'pi na prAmANyotpattI vyApriyante, kintu doSAbhAva eveti / satyamuktam, kintu na yuktametat pratijJAmAtreNa sAdhyasiddherayogAt / na hi gaNebhyo doSANAmabhAva ityatra kiJcinnibandhanamutpazyAmo'nyatra mahAmohAt / athAnumAne'pi trirUpaliGgamAtrajanitaprAmANyopalabdhireva tatra heturiti cenna uktottara" tvAt / tatra hi trairUpyameva guNo yathA tadvaikalyaM doSa iti nAsammato hetuH / api cAprAmANye - , mImAMsaka - svarUpa kI vikalatA ho doSa hai / jaina - to kAraNa ke aura netrAdi ke apane svarUpa kI sakalatA ko hI guNa kyoM nahIM mAnA jAya / Apta ke kahe hue Agama meM bhI moha, rAga, dveSAdi lakSaNa vAle doSa ke abhAva ko hI yathArtha jJAna, vairAgya kSamA Adi lakSaNa vAle guNa ke sadbhAva ko svIkAra karate hue bhI anyatra ( pratyakSAdi kI utpatti kI vizeSa sAmagrI cakSu Adi kI nirmalatA Adi meM) guNa ke sadbhAva ko nahIM mAnate haiM / isa prakAra ve momAMsaka unmatta kaise na hoM ? Apane jo kahA hai ki Agama meM ( pUrvAparavirodharahitatvAdi ) guNoM kA sadbhAva hone para bhI ve prAmANya kI utpatti meM vyApAra nahIM karate haiM, kintu doSa kA abhAva hI prAmANya ko utpatti meM vyApRta hotA hai / yaha bAta sahI hai, kintu yaha yukta nahIM hai / vacana mAtra se sAdhya ko siddhi kA yoga nahIM hotA hai / guNoM se doSoM kA abhAva hotA hai / ityAdi vacana meM Apake mahAmoha ko chor3akara kucha bhI kAraNa nahIM dekhate haiM / mImAMsaka - anumAna meM bhI trirUpa liGgamAtra se janita prAmANya kI upalabdhi hI doSa ke abhAva meM kAraNa hai / jaina - yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai / usakA uttara ( kAraNa ke aura netrAdi ke apane svarUpa kI sakalatA ko hI guNa kyoM nahIM meM) uttara diyA jA cukA hai| hetu meM trirUpatA kA 25 1. kAraNasya / 2. Adizabdena rAgadveSI gRhyete / 3. anumAnAdapi guNAH pratIyante na kevalaM pratyakSAdityapi zabdArthaH / " 4. doSAbhAve / 5. taha liGgasya cakSurAdervA tatsvarUpasAkalyameva guNa ityAdiprakAreNa | mAnA jAya isa rUpa 1 honA hI guNa hai, jaise
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM pyevaM vaktu zakyata eva / tatra hi doSebhyo guNAnAmabhAvastadabhAvAcca prAmANyAsattve'prAmANyamautsargikamAsta ityaprAmANyaM svata eveti tasya bhinnakAraNaprabhavatvavarNanamunmattabhASitameva syAt / kiJca guNabhyo doSANAmabhAva ityabhidadhatA guNabhyo guNA evetyabhihitaM syAt; bhAvAntarasvabhAvatvAdabhAvasya / tato'prAmANyAsattvaM prAmANyameveti naitAvatA parapakSapratikSepaH; avirodhakatvAt / tathA anumAnato'pi guNAH pratIyanta eva / tathA hi--prAmANyaM vijJAnakAraNAtirikta kAraNa prabhavam, vijJAnAnyatve sati kAryatvAdaprAmANyavat / tathA pramANaprAmANye bhinnakAraNajanye, bhinnakAryatvAta; ghaTaka stravaditi ca / tataH sthitaM prAmANyamutpattau parApekSa miti / tathA viSayaparicchittilakSaNe pravRtti lakSaNe vA svakArye svagrahaNaM nApekSata iti naikAntaH, kvacidabhyastaviSaya eva parAnapakSatva vyavasthA ki usakI vikalatA ( trairUpya kA na honA ) doSa hai, isa prakAra hetu asammata nahIM hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki aprAmANya ke viSaya me bhI aisA kahanA sambhava hai ki doSoM se guNoM kA abhAva hotA hai aura guNoM ke abhAva se prAmANya na hone para aprAmANya svabhAvataH hotA hai, isa prakAra aprAmANya ke svataH siddha hone para usakI bhinna kAraNoM se utpatti kA varNana unmatta bhASita hI siddha hotA hai| dUsarI bAta yaha bhI hai ki 'guNoM se doSoM kA abhAva hotA hai, aisA kahane para mImAMsaka ke dvArA 'guNoM se guNa hote haiM' yaha kathana ho jAtA hai, kyoki abhAva bhI bhAvAntara svabhAva vAlA hotA hai| ataH aprAmANya kA abhAva prAmANya hI hotA hai, itane se hI parapakSa kA nirAkaraNa nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki isase para pakSa kA pratiSedha nahIM hotA hai| tathA anumAna se bhI guNa pratIta hote hI haiN| isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM--prAmANya vijJAna ke kAraNoM se atirikta kAraNoM se utpanna hotA hai, kyoMki vaha vijJAna se bhinna hokara kArya hai| jaise ki aprAmANya / tathA pramANa aura prAmANya donoM bhinna-bhinna kAraNoM se utpanna hote haiM, kyoMki donoM bhinna-bhinna kArya haiM, jaise ghaTa aura vastra / isalie yaha sthita huA ki prAmANya utpatti meM para kI apekSA rakhatA hai tathA viSaya ke jJAna rUpa svakArya meM apane grahaNa (pramANa grahaNa) kI apekSA nahIM rakhatA hai, yaha ekAnta nahIM hai| kvacit kisI abhyasta 1. apratiSedhakatvAt / 2. prAmANyotpattau guNAH vyApriyante, anumAnAt pratItiviSayAH kriyante / 3. pramANagrahaNam /
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________________ 27: prathamaH samudezaH nAt / anabhyaste tu jalamarIcikAsAdhAraNapradeze jalajJAnaM parApekSameva / satyamidaM jalam, viziSTAkAradhAritvAt, ghaTaceTikApeTaka-durda rArAva-sarojagandhavattvAcca; paridRSTajalavadityanumAnajJAnAdarthakriyAjJAnAcca svataH 'siddhaprAmANyAt prAcInajJAnasya yathArthatvamAkalpamavakalpyata eva / yadapyabhimatam-prAmANyagrahaNottarakAlamutpattyavasthAtaH paricchittevizeSo' nAvabhAsata iti' / tatra yadyabhyastaviSaye nAvabhAsata ityucyate, tadA tadiSyata evaM / tatra prayamameva niHsaMzayaM viSayaparicchittivizeSAbhyupagamAt / anabhyasta viSaye tu tadgrahaNottarakAlamastyeva viSayAvadhAraNasvabhAvaparicchittivizeSaH, pUrva pramANApramANasAdhAraNyA eva pricchiterutptteH| nanu prAmANya-paricchityorabhedAtkathaM paurvAparyamiti ? navam, na hi pradeza meM hI para kI apekSA nahIM hotI, aisI vyavasthA hai| anabhyasta jala aura marIcikA vAle sAdhAraNa pradeza meM jalajJAna (anumAnAdi) para kI apekSA se ho utpanna hotA hai| yaha jala satya hai, kyoMki vaha viziSTa AkAra kA dhAraka hai / yahA~ panihArinoM kA samUha hai, meDhakoM kI dhvani ho rahI hai, kamaloM kI sugandhi A rahI hai / ina saba kAraNoM se bhI jala kI satyatA spaSTa hai| jaise ki pratyakSa dekhe hue jala kA jJAna satya hotA hai| isa prakAra ke anumAna jJAna se aura jala kI snAna pAnAdi rUpa arthakriyA ke jJAna se svataH siddha prAmANya (pratyakSAnumAnalakSaNajJAna) se pUrva meM utpanna hue (jala) jJAna kI paramArthatA kalpakAla paryanta nizcita hotI hai| jo yaha kahA thA ki prAmANya ke grahaNa ke uttarakAla meM utpatti avasthA se lekara anumAna sApekSa paricchitti vizeSa kA avabhAsana nahIM hotA hai so yadi abhyasta viSaya meM pratibhAsita nahIM hotA, aisA kahA jAtA hai to yaha hameM iSTa hI hai| vahA~ para prathama hI niHsandeha rUpa se viSaya kI paricchitti vizeSa svIkAra kI gaI hai| anabhyasta viSaya meM to pramANa ke grahaNa ke uttarakAla meM viSaya ke nizcaya karane rUpa svabhAva vAlI paricchitti kI vizeSatA pratibhAsita hotI hI hai| kyoMki (anabhyasta viSaya meM ) pahale pramANa aura apramANa meM samAna rUpa se rahane vAlI ho paricchitti utpanna hotI hai / mImAMsaka-prAmANya aura paricchitti meM abheda hone se paurvAparva kaise hai ? 1. pratyakSAnumAnalakSaNa jJAnAt / 2. anumAnasApekSaM paricchittivizeSaH /
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM sarvA'pi paricchittiH prAmANyAtmikA; prAmANyaM tu paricchittyAtmakameveti na dossH| yadapyuktam- 'bAdhakakAraNa doSajJAnAbhyAM prAmANyamapodyata iti' tadapi phalgu-bhASitametra; aprAmANye'pi tathA vaktu zakyatvAt / tathA hi-prathama mapramANameva jJAnamutpadyate, pazcAdabAdhabodhaguNajJAnottarakAlaM tadapodyata iti / tasmAtprAmANyamaprAmANyaM vA 'svakArye kvacidabhyAsAnabhyAsApekSayA svataH paratazceti nirNatavyamiti / devasya sammatamapAstasamastadoSaM vokSya prapaJcaruciraM racitaM samasya / mANikyanandivibhunA zizubodhaheto nisvarUpamamanA2 sphuTamabhyadhAyi / / 6 / / iti parIkSAmukhalaghuvRttau pramANasya svarUpoddezaH // 1 // jaina-aisA nahIM kahanA caahie| samasta paricchittiyA~ prAmANyAtmaka nahIM hotI haiM, kintu prAmANya paricchittyAtmaka hI hotA hai, ataH koI doSa ( virodha ) nahIM hai| jo kahA gayA hai ki jJAnAvaraNAdi bAdhaka kAraNa aura (kAcakAmalAdi) doSa ke jJAna se (paricchittyAtmaka) prAmANya kA nirAkaraNa kara diyA jAtA hai, vaha bhI sAra rahita hai; kyoMki aprAmANya ke viSaya meM bhI vesA kahanA sambhava hai, kyoMki prathama apramANa hI jJAna utpanna hotA hai, pazcAt bAdhA rahita jJAna aura gaNa kA jJAna utpanna hotA hai| bAda meM usake uttarakAla meM usa apramANa rUpa jJAna kA nirAkaraNa hotA hai| ataH pramANatA aura apramANatA artha kI paricchitti lakSaNa svakArya meM kvacit abhyAsa dazA kI apekSA svataH aura anabhyAsa dazA kI apekSA parataH utpanna hotI hai, aisA nirNaya karanA caahie| bhaTTAkalaMkadeva ke dvArA jo sammata hai, jisameM samasta doSoM kA nirAkaraNa kara diyA hai, jo vistRta aura sundara hai, aise pramANa ke svarUpa ko mANikyanandI svAmI ne dekhakara zizuoM ke bodha ke lie ( parIkSAmukha nAmaka grantha meM ) saMkSepa se racA / usI ko mujha anantavIrya ne spaSTa rUpa se kahA hai / / 6 // ___ isa prakAra parIkSAmukha kI laghuvRtti meM pramANa ke svarUpa kA kathana karane vAlA prathama uddeza samApta huaa| 1. arthpricchittilkssnne| 2. adastu viprakRSTaM dUrataraM tena, anantavIryeNa mayA /
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH atha pramANasvarUpavipratipatti nirasyedAnoM saGkhyAvipratipatti pratikSipan sakalapramANabhedasandarbha saGgrahaparaM pramANayattA pratipAdakaM vAkya 'mAha tad dvedhA // 1 // tacchabdena pramANaM parAmRzyate / tatpramANaM svarUpeNAvagataM dvedhA dviprakArameva, sakalapramANa bhedAnAmatraivAntarbhAvAt / tadvittvamadhyakSAnumAnaprakAreNApi sambhavatIti tadAzaGkAnirAkaraNArthaM sakalapramANabheda saGagrahazAlinI saGkhyAM pravyaktIkaroti- pratyakSetarabhedAt // 2 // pratyakSaM vakSyamANalakSaNam, itaratparokSam, tAbhyAM bhedAt pramANasyeti zeSaH / - na hi paraparikalpitaikadvitricatuHpaJcapaTpramANasaGkhyA niyame nikhilapramANabhedAnA ( dvitIya samuddeza ) pramANa ke svarUpa kI vipratipatti kA nirAkaraNa karake isa samaya saMkhyA vipratipatti kA nirAkaraNa karate hue pramANa ke samAna bhedoM ke sandarbha kA saMgraha karane vAle aura pramANa kI saMkhyA kA pratipAdana karane vAle vAkya ko kahate haiM vaha pramANa do prakAra kA hotA hai / / 1 / / 'tat' zabda se pramANa kA parAmarza kiyA gayA hai| jisakA svarUpa jAna liyA gayA hai, vaha pramANa do prakAra kA hI hai, kyoMki pramANa ke samasta bhedoM kA yahIM antarbhAva hotA hai / ye do bheda pratyakSa aura anumAna prakAra se bhI saMbhava haiM, isa prakAra kI AzaMkA ke nirAkaraNa ke lie pramANa ke samasta bhedoM kA saMgraha karane vAlI saMkhyA ko prakRSTa rUpa se vyakta karate haiM pratyakSa aura parokSa ke bheda se pramANa do prakAra kA hotA hai // 2 // pratyakSa kA lakSaNa hama Age kaheMge / pratyakSa se bhinna parokSa hai / unake bheda se pramANa ke do bheda haiM / cArvAk, saugata, sAMkhya, nyAya-vaizeSikaprAbhAkara-bhATTa ke dvArA parikalpita eka, do, tIna, cAra, pA~ca aura chaha: 1. parasparApekSANAM padAnAM nirapekSasamudAyo vAkyam /
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________________ 30 prameyaratnamAlAyAM mantarbhAvavibhAvanA zakyA kartum / tathA hi-pratyakSakapramANavAdinazcArvAkasya nAdhyakSe laiGgikasyAntarbhAvo yuktaH; tasya tadvilakSaNatvAt, sAmagrI-svarUpabhedAt / atha nApratyakSaM pramANamasti, visaMvAdasambhavAt / nizcitAvinAbhAvAliGgAlliGgini jJAnamanumAnamityAnumAnikazAsanam, tatra ca svabhAvaliGgasya bahulamanyathApi bhAvo dRshyte| tathAhi-kaSAyarasopetAnAmAmalakAnAmetaddezakAlasambandhinAM darzane'pi dezAntare kAlAntare dravyAntarasambandhe cAnyathApi darzanAtsvabhAvaheturvyabhicAryeva, latAcUtavallatAziMzapAdisambhAvanAcca / tathA kAryaliGgamapi gopAla prakAra kI pramANa saMkhyA ke niyama meM pramANa ke samasta bhedoM kA antarbhAva karanA sambhava nahIM hai / isI bAta kA khulAsA karate haiM-eka pratyakSa ko hI pramANa mAnane vAle cArvAka ke pratyakSa meM anumAna kA antarbhAva karanA yakta nahIM hai, kyoMki anumAna pratyakSa jJAna se vilakSaNa hai, donoM kI sAmagrI aura svarUpa meM bhI bheda hai| pratyakSa jJAna kI sAmagrI indriyA~ haiM aura usakA svarUpa vaizadya hai| anumAna jJAna kI sAmagrI liGga (hetu) hai aura usakA svarUpa avaizadya hai| cArvAk-apratyakSa pramANa nahIM hai, kyoMki usameM visaMvAda sambhava hai| nizcita avinAbhAvI liGga se (bauddhamata meM liGga tIna prakAra kA hotA hai- 1. svabhAva liGga 2. kArya liGga 3. anupalabdhi liGga) liGgo (sAdhya) kA jo jJAna hotA hai, vaha anumAna kahalAtA hai, aisA anumAnavAdiyoM kA kahanA hai / bauddhoM ke mata meM svabhAvaliGga ke prAyaH anyathAbhAva (sAdhya ke binA bhI sadbhAva) dikhAI detA hai| isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM-isa deza aura kAla sambandhI A~valoM ke kasaile rasa se yukta dikhAI dene para bhI dezAntara aura kAlAntara meM anya dravya kA sambandha milane para anyathA svabhAva bhI dekhA jAtA hai, ataH svabhAva hetu vyabhicArI hai| tAtparya yaha ki dugdhAdi dravya kA siMcana karane para kiso deza aura kAla meM A~vale madhura rasa rUpa bhI pariNamita ho jAte haiM, ataH svabhAva hetu vyabhicArI hai / 'yaha vRkSa hai, AmrapanA pAe jAne se, yahA~ Amra dharmI hai, vRkSa hai, yaha sAdhya hai, AmrapanA hetu hai / jo jo Ama hotA hai, vaha vRkSa hotA hai, yaha niyama nahIM hai, kyoMki AmralatA se vyabhicAra pAyA jAtA hai, kyoMki Amra latAkAra bhI hotA hai / yaha vRkSa hai, ziMzapAtva ke kAraNa, yahA~ dezAntara meM sambhava ziMzapA latA se vyabhicAra hai| 1. utpAdakAraNaM pratyakSasya indriyaM sAmagrI, vaizadya svarUpam / anumAnasya liGga sAmagrI, avaizadyaJca svarUpam /
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________________ 31 dvitIyaH samudezaH ghaTikAdau dhUmasya zakramUni cAnyathApi bhAvAtpAvakavyabhicAryeva / tataH pratyakSamevaikaM pramANamasyaivAvisaMvAdakatvAditi / tadetad bAlavilasitamivAbhAti; umapattizUnyatvAt / tathAhi-kimapratyakSasyotpAdakakAraNAbhAvAdAlambanAbhAvAdvA prAmANyaM niSidhyate ? tatra na tAvatprAktanaH pakSaH; tadutpAdakasya sunizvitAnyathAnupAtti'-niyatanizcayalakSaNasya sAdhanastha sadbhAvAt / no khalvapyudocInaH pakSaH; tadAlambanasya pAvakAdeH sakalavicAracaturacetasi sarvadA pratIyamAnatvAt / yadapi svabhAvahetovyabhicArasambhAvanamuktam, tadapyanucitameva; svabhAvamAtrasyAhetutvAt / vyApyarUpasyaiva svabhAvastha vyApakamprati gamakatvAbhyupagamAt / na ca vyApyasya vyApakavyabhi vAritvam ; vyApyattravirodhaprasaGgAt / kyoMki dezAntara meM latA rUpa ziMzA (zIzama) hotA hai| beta kA bIja jalAe jAne para kadalIkANDa ko utpanna karatA hai| kaTahala kA boja kadalIkANDa ko utpanna nahIM karatA hai / ataH svabhAva hetu vyabhicArI hai| tathA kAryaliMga bhI vyabhicArI hai| indrajAliyA ke ghaTa Adi meM tathA bA~bI meM Aga ke binA bhI dhuA~ dikhAI detA hai ataH dhu ko agni kA kArya mAnanA vyabhicAra hai| ( svabhAva hetu aura kArya hetu meM avinAbhAva ke abhAva se, inake dvArA udbhUta anumAna kI pramANatA ca ki ghaTita nahIM hotI hai ) ataH pratyakSa hI eka pramANa hai, kyoMki usameM avisaMvAdakatA pAyI jAtI hai| yaha kathana bAla vilAsa ke samAna pratibhAsita hotA hai, kyoMki yaha yukti se zUnya hai| isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM-kyA utpAdaka kAraNa ke abhAva se athavA Alambana ke abhAva se apratyakSa kI pramANatA kA niSedha kiyA jA rahA hai ? inameM se pahalA pakSa ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki jisakI anyathAnupapatti sunizcita hai, aise lakSaNa vAle anumAna ke utpAdaka sAdhana kA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai| dUsarA pakSa bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki apratyakSa rUpa anumAna ke viSaya rUpa Alambana agni Adika samasta vicAra catura logoM ke citta meM sadA pratIta hote haiN| jo svabhAva hetu meM vyabhicAra kI sambhAvanA ke viSaya meM kahA hai, vaha bhI anucita hI hai| kyoki svabhAvamAtra hetU nahIM hai| vyApya ( zizapAtva) rUpa svabhAva ko hI vyApaka ( vRkSatva ) ke prati gamakapanA mAnA gayA hai / vyApya ke vyApaka se vyabhicArapanA bhI nahIM hai| vyApyatva ke sAtha virodha kA prasaGga 1. sAdhyamantareNa sAdhanAnupapattiH /
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________________ 32 prameyaratnamAlAyAM kiJcavaMvAdino nAdhyakSa pramANaM vyavatiSThate; tatrApyasaMvAdasyAgauNatvasya ca svabhAvahetoH prAmANyAvinAbhAvitvena nizcetumazakyatvAt / yacca kAryahetorapyanyathApi sambhAvanam; tadapyazikSitalakSitam, suvivecitasya kAryasya kAraNAvyabhicAritvAt / yAdRzo hi dhUmo jvalanakAryaM bhUdharanitambAdAvatibahaladhavalatayA prasarpannupalabhyate, na tAdRzo gopAla-ghaTikAdAviti / yadapyuktam- 'zakramUni dhUmasyAnyathApi bhAva iti tatra kimayaM zakramUrddhA agnisvabhAvo'nyathA vA ? yadyagnisvabhAvastadA'gnireveti kathaM tadudbhuta dhUmasyAnyathAbhAvaH zakyate kalpayitum / athAnagnisvabhAvastadA tadudbhavo dhUma e na bhavanoti kathaM tatra tasya tadvayabhicAritvamiti / tathA coktam agnisvabhAvaH zakrasya mardhA cedagnireva saH / athAnagnisvabhAvo'sau dhamastatra kathaM bhavet / / 1 / / iti / kiJca--pratyakSaM pramANa miti kathamayaM paraM pratipAdayet ? parasya pratyakSeNa upasthita hogaa| arthAt yadi vyabhicAra ho to vyApya nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki anumAna ko pramANa nahIM mAnane vAle tathA svabhAvahetu ko vyabhicArI kahane vAle cArvAka ke mata meM pratyakSa bhI pramANa nahIM ThaharatA hai; kyoMki pratyakSa meM bhI avisaMvAdakatA aura agauNatA ye donoM anumAna ke mAne binA nizcita nahIM kI jA sktiiN| aura jo kAryahetu ke anyathA arthAt agni ke binA bhI hone kI sambhAvanA kI hai, vaha bhI azikSita jaisA pratIta hotA hai| kyoMki sunizcita kArya kA kAraNa ke sAtha vyabhicAra nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| jaisA agni kA kArya dhuA~ parvata ke taTabhAga Adi meM ati saghana aura dhavala AkAra rUpa se phailatA haA prApta hotA hai, vaisA dhuA~ aindrajAlika ke ghar3e Adi me nahIM prApta hotA hai| jo kahA gayA hai-bA~bI meM dhuyeM kA anyathA bhI sadbhAva dekhA jAtA hai, to usa viSaya meM hamArA kahanA hai ki yaha bA~bI agnisvabhAva hai yA agni svabhAva nahIM hai ? yadi agni svabhAva hai to agni hI hai, to kaise usase nikale hae dhuyeM kA anyathAbhAva ( agnivyabhicAritva ) kalpita kiyA jA sakatA hai| yadi bA~bI agnisvabhAva nahIM hai to usase utpanna dhuA~ hI nahIM hai, kaise vahA~ para dhuyeM kA vyabhicArapanA hai ? kahA bhI hai yadi bA~bI agnisvabhAva hai to vaha agni hI hai aura yadi vaha agnisvabhAva nahIM hai to vahA~ dhuA~ kaise ho sakatA hai ? dUsarI bAta yaha ki pratyakSa ko hI pramANa mAnane vAlA cArvAk
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________________ 33 dvitIyaH samuddezaH grahItumazakyatvAt / vyAvahArAdikAryapradarzanAttaM pratipadyateti cedAyAtaM tahi kAryAkAraNAnumAnam / atha lokavyavahArApekSayeSyata evAnumAnamapi, paralokAdAvevAnabhyupagamAttadabhAvAditi kathaM tadabhAvo'nupalabdhariti cet tadA'nupalabdhiliGgajanitamanumAnamaparamApatitamiti / pratyakSaprAmANyamapi svabhAvahetujAtAnumitimantareNa nopapattimiyartIti prAgevoktamityuparamyate / yadapyuktaM dharmakIrtinA pramANetarasAmAnyasthiteranyadhiyo gateH / pramANAntarasadbhAvaH pratiSedhAcca kasyacit // 2 // iti / ziSyAdi ko pratyakSa pramANa kA pratipAdana karegA ? kyoMki para puruSa kA AtmA pratyakSa se grahaNa karanA zakya nahIM hai| vyavahAra ( vacana cAturya ) Adi kArya ke dekhane se para kI buddhi Adi ko jAna legA, yadi aisA kaho to kArya se kAraNa kA anumAna A gyaa| yadi kaho ki loka vyavahAra kI apekSA anumAna iSTa hone para bhI paraloka Adi meM use hama nahIM mAnate haiM; kyoMki paralokAdi kA abhAva hai| to usa para hamArA kahanA hai ki paralokAdi kA abhAva kaise hai ? yadi kaho ki paralokAdi kA abhAva anupalabdhi se hai to anupalabdhi rUpa liMga se janita eka anya anumAna A gyaa| pratyakSa prAmANya bhI svabhAva hetu janita anumAna ke binA yukti saMgatatA ko prApta nahIM hotA, yaha bAta hama kaha cuke haiM, ataH virAma lete haiN| jaisA ki (pramANa vinizcaya meM ) dharmakoti ne kahA hai pramANa sAmAnya aura apramANa sAmAnya kI sthiti hone se, ziSyAdi kI buddhi ke jJAna se aura ( anupalabdhi hetu se ) paralokAdi ke pratiSedha se pramANAntara arthAt anya pramANarUpa anumAna kA sadbhAva siddha hotA hai // 2 // vizeSa-avisaMvAditva-visaMvAditva svabhAva rUpa do liGga ke binA pramANa sAmAnya aura apramANa sAmAnya kI sthiti nahIM banatI hai| tathA vyavahArAdi kAryaliMga ke binA dUsare kI buddhi kA nizcaya sambhava nahIM hai tathA anupalabdhi rUpa liMga ke binA paralokAdi kA niSedha ghaTita nahIM hotA hai, isa prakAra pramANa sAmAnya aura apramANa sAmAnya kI sthiti, ziSyAdi kI buddhi kA jJAna aura paralokAdi ke pratiSedha se pramANAntara anumAna kI samIcInatA siddha hotI hai| 1. pramANavinizcaye (?) /
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________________ 34 prameyaratnamAlAyAM tataH pratyakSamanumAnamiti pramANadvayameveti saugataH / so'pi na yuktavAdI; smRteravisaMvAdinyAstRtIyAyAH pramANabhUtAyAH sadabhAvAt / na ca tasyA visaMvAdAdaprAmANyam; dttgrhaadivilopaapttH| ___ athAnubhUyamAnasya viSayasyAbhAvAt smRteraprAmANyam ? na, tathApi anubhUtenArthena saavlmbntvoppttH| anyathA pratyakSasyApyanubhatArthaviSayatvAdaprAmANya manivArya syAt / svaviSayAvabhAsanaM smaraNe'pyavaziSTamiti / kiJca-smRteraprAmANye'numAnavArtApi durlabhA; tayA vyApteraviSayIkaraNe tadutthAnAyogAditi / tata idaM vaktavyam-'smRtiH pramANam, anumAnaprAmANyAnyathAnupapattariti saiva pratyakSAnumAnasvarUpatayA pramANasya dvitvasayAniyamaM vighaTayatIti kiM nshcintyaa| cUMki cArvAka ke prati anya pramANa kI prApti kA pratipAdana kiyA ataH pratyakSa aura anumAna do hI pramANa hote haiM, aisA bauddha kahatA hai| vaha bauddha bhI yukta bAta kahane vAlA nahIM hai, kyoMki avisaMvAdinI smRti ke rUpa meM tRtIya pramANa kA sadbhAva siddha hotA hai| visaMvAda hone ke kAraNa smRti pramANa nahIM hai, aisA bhI nahIM hai| yadi smRti pramANa nahIM mAnI jAyagI to dene aura grahaNa karane ke vilopa kI Apatti AtI hai| __ bauddha-anubhUyamAna viSaya kA abhAva hone se smRti pramANa nahIM hai| jaina-yaha bAta ucita nahIM hai / anubhUyamAna viSaya kA abhAva mAnane para bhI (svagrAma taDAga Adi ) anubhUta padArtha ke sAvalambanatA bana jAtI hai, anyathA pratyakSa ke anubhUta artha kA viSaya hone se apramANatA anivArya ho jAyagI / apane viSaya kA jAnanA smaraNa meM bhI samAna hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki smRti ko pramANa na mAnane para anumAna kI pramANatA kI bAta karanA bhI durlabha ho jaaygii| smRti se sAdhya sAdhana sambandha rUpa vyApti ke aviSaya karane para arthAt smaraNa na karane para anumAna ke prAmANya kA utthAna bhI nahIM hogA ? to yaha kahanA cAhiesmRti pramANa hai, anyathA anumAna ko pramANatA nahIM bana sktii| vaha smati hI pratyakSa aura anumAna rUpa se do pramANa hone ke niyama kA vigha. Tana kara detI hai / ataH hameM cintA karane se kyA lAbha hai ? smRti ke samAna pratyabhijJAna bho bauddhoM kI pramANa saMkhyA kA vighaTana karatI hI hai / pratyabhijJAna kA bauddhoM ke dvArA mAne gaye pratyakSa aura anumAna meM antarbhAva nahIM hotA hai / bauddha-'tat' yaha smaraNa hai, 'idam' yaha pratyakSa hai, isa prakAra do jJAna hI haiM / smaraNa aura pratyakSa se bhinna pratyabhijJAna nAmaka anya pramANa
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH 35 tathA pratyabhijJAnamapi saugatIyapramANasaGkhyAM vighaTayatyeva; tasyApi pratyakSAnumAnayoranantarbhAvAt / nanu taditi smaraNamidamiti pratyakSamiti jJAnadvayameva, na tAbhyAM vibhinna pratyabhijJAnAkhyaM vayaM pratipadyamAnaM pramANAntaramupalabhAmahe / kathaM tena pramANasaGkhyA vighaTanamiti ? tadapyaghaTitameva, yataH smaraNapratyakSAbhyAM pratyabhijJAnaviSayasyArthasya grahItumazakyatvAt / pUrvottaravivartavatyaikadravyaM hi pratyabhijJAnaviSayaH, na ca tatsmaraNenopalabhyate, tasyAnubhUtaviSayatvAta / nApi pratyakSaNa, tasya vartamAnavivartavartitvAt / yadapyuktam'tAbhyAM bhinnamanyad jJAnaM nAstIti' tadapyayuktam, abhedaparAmarzarUpatayA bhinnasyaivAvabhAsanAt / na tayoranyatarasya vA'bhedaparAmarzakatvamasti; vibhinnaviSayatvAt / na caitat 'pratyakSe'ntarbhavati, anumAne vA; tayoH puro'vasthitArthaviSayatvenAvinAbhUtaliGgasambhAvitArthaviSayatvena ca pUrvAparavikAravyApyekatvAviSayatvAt / nApi smaraNe, tenApi tadekatvasyAviSayIkaraNAt / hama prApta nahIM karate haiM ataH pratyabhijJAna se pramANa kI saMkhyA kA vighaTana kaise hotA hai ? jaina-yaha kathana bhI ghaTita nahIM hotA; kyoMki smaraNa aura pratyakSa se pratyabhijJAna ke viSaya rUpa padArtha kA grahaNa sambhava nahIM hai| pUrvottara paryAyavartI eka dravya pratyabhijJAna kA viSaya hai| vaha smaraNa se prApta nahIM hotA hai| kyoMki smaraNa kA viSaya anubhUta padArtha hai| pratyabhijJAna pratyakSa se bhI prApta nahIM hotA hai; kyoMki vaha vartamAna paryAya ko viSaya karatA hai / jo yaha kahA hai ki smaraNa aura pratyakSa se bhinna anya jJAna nahIM hai, 'yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai / ( pUrvottara vivartavartI eka dravya parAmarzarUpa) abheda ko parAmarza karane ( jAnane) ke kAraNa pratyabhijJAna meM bhinna kA hI avabhAsana hotA hai| smaraNa aura pratyakSa ina donoM meM se eka meM bhI abheda parAmarzakatva nahIM hai, kyoMki unakA viSaya bhinna-bhinna hai| pratyabhijJAna kA na to pratyakSa meM antarbhAva hotA hai, na anumAna meN| pratyakSa aura anumAna donoM sAmane avasthita padArtha ko viSaya karane aura avinAbhAva rUpa liMga se sambhAvita padArtha ko viSaya karane se pUrvApara vikAra (paryAya) vyApI ekatva ko viSaya nahIM karate haiN| smaraNa meM bhI pratyabhijJAna kA antarbhAva nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki smaraNa bhI ekatva ko viSaya nahIM karatA hai| 1. pratyabhijJAnam /
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM ___ atha saMskAra' smaraNasahakRtamindriyameva pratyabhijJAnaM janayati, indriyoM cAdhyakSameveti na pramANAntaramityaparaH / so'pyatibAliza eva, svaviSayAbhimukhyena pravartamAnasyendriyasya sahakArizatasamavadhAne'pi viSayAntarapravRttilakSaNAtizayAyogAt / viSayAntaraM cAtIta sAmpratikAvasthAvyApyekadravyamindriyANAM rUpAdigocaracAritvena caritArthatvAcca / nApyadRSTa-sahakArisavyapekSamindriyamekatvaviSayam, uktadoSAdeva / kiJca-adRSTasaMskArAdisavyapekSAdevA''* tmanastadvijJAnamiti kinna kalpyate ? dRzyate hi svapna 2.3sArasvata- cANDAli. kAdividyAsaMskRtAdAtmano viziSTajJAnotpattiriti / yoga-saMskAra (dhAraNa jJAna rUpa eka pratyakSa vizeSa) tathA smaraNa se sahakRta indriya hI pratyabhijJAna ko utpanna karatI hai aura indriyoM se utpanna huA jJAna pratyakSa hI hai, anya pramANa (pratyabhijJAna ) nahIM hai| ___jaina-aisA kahane vAlA bhI atyanta mUrkha hai| apane viSaya kI ora abhimukha hokara pravartamAna indriya ke saikar3oM sahakArI kAraNoM ke sannidhAna hone para bhI viSayAntara meM pravRtti karane rUpa atizaya kA honA asambhava hai| viSayAntara atIta aura vartamAna kAlavartI avasthAoM meM rahane vAlA dravya hai; kyoMki indriyA~ apane rUpAdi viSayoM meM pravRtti karake caritArtha hoto haiM / (puNya pApa lakSaNa ) 'adRSTa ke sahakArIpane kI apekSA indriya ekatva ko viSaya kara legI, yadi aisA kaho to ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki aisA svIkAra karane para ukta doSa hI AtA hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki adRSTa aura saMskArAdi sahakArI kAraNoM kI apekSA se AtmA ke hI ekatva ko grahaNa karane vAlA vaha vijJAna (pratyabhijJAna rUpa viziSTajJAna) hI kyoM nahIM mAna lete| aisA dikhAI detA hai ki ( atIta, anAgata, vartamAna, lAbha, alAbhAdi kI sUcanA dene vAlI ) svapnavidyA, ( asAdhAraNa vAditva, kavitva Adi pradAna karane vAlI ) sArasvata vidyA ( naSTa muSTi Adi kI sUcanA dene vAlI ) cANDAlikA Adi vidyAoM se saMskRta AtmA ke viziSTa jJAna kI utpatti hotI hai| 1. pratyakSavizeSo dhAraNAjJAnaM sNskaarH| svAzrayasya prAgubhRtAvasthAsamAnAvasthA ntarApAdako'tIndriyo dharmo vA sNskaarH| 2. atItAnAgatavartamAnalAbhAlAbhAdisUcanI yA sA svapnavidyA / 3. asAdhAraNavAditva kavitvAdividhAyinI sArasvatavidyA / 4. naSTamuSTayAdisUcikA cANDAlikA vidyA, mantravizeSaH /
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________________ 37 dvitIyaH samuddezaH nanu aJjanAdisaMskRtamapi cakSuH sAtizayamupalabhyata iti cenna, tasya svArthAnatikrameNaivAtizayopalabdherna viSayAntaragrahaNalakSaNAtizayasya / tathA coktam yatrApyatizayo dRSTaH sa svArthAnatilaGghanAt / dUra-sUkSmAdidRSTau syAnna rUpe zrotravRttitaH // 3 // nanvasya vArtikasya sarvajJa-pratiSedhaparatvAdviSamo dRSTAnta iti cenna; indriyANAM viSayAntarapravRttAvatizayAbhAvamAtre sAdRzyAd dRssttaanttvopptteH| na hi sarvo dRSTAntadharmo dArTAntike bhavitumarhati, anyathA dRSTAnta eva na syAditi / tataH sthitam-pratyakSAnumAnAbhyAmarthAntaraM pratyabhijJAna sAmagrI-svarUpabhedAditi / na caitadapramANam, tato'rtha paricchidya pravartamAnasyArthakriyAyAma yauga-aJjanAdi se saMskRta netra ke bhI sAtizayapanA prApta hotA hai| jaina-aisA kahanA ThIka nahIM hai / vaha cakSu apane sannihita, vartamAna rUpAdi viSaya kA atikramaNa na karake hI atizayapane ko prApta hotI hai, viSayAntara ko grahaNa karane rUpa lakSaNa vAlA atizaya usameM nahIM dikhAI detA hai / mImAMsA zlokavArtika meM kahA hai ( gRddha, varAhAdi ke netrAdi meM; kyoMki gRddha ke cakSu prabala hote haiM, varAha ke kAna prabala hote haiM ) jahA~ bhI atizaya dikhAI detA hai, vaha apane viSaya kA ullaMghana na karake hI dikhAI detA hai ( aviSaya meM nhiiN)| dUra-sUkSmAdi padArthoM ke dekhane meM jo vizeSatA hotI hai, vaha maryAdA ke bhItara hI hai| rUpa ke viSaya meM zrotra indriya kA atizaya dikhAI nahIM detA hai| yoga-yaha vAtika sarvajJa ke niSedha ke prasaMga meM kahA gayA hai| ataH yaha dRSTAnta viSama hai| ____ jaina-yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai / hama jaise logoM kI indriyoM kI viSayAntara meM pravRtti karane rUpa atizaya ke abhAva mAtra meM sAdRzya hone se, yaha dRSTAnta yuktiyukta hai / dRSTAnta ke sabhI dharma dArTAnta meM hoM, aisA nahIM hai, anyathA dRSTAnta hI nahIM rhegaa| caki pUrvottara vivartavartI ekatva pratyakSa aura anumAna kA viSaya nahIM hai ataH yaha bAta siddha huI ki pratyakSa aura anumAna se bhinna pratyabhijJAna hai; kyoMki pratyabhijJAna kI sAmagrI darzana aura smaraNa hai tathA svarUpa 'sa eva' isa rUpa saGkalana hai| pratyabhijJAna ko ( sIpa meM rajata jJAna ke
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM visaMvAdAt pratyakSavaditi / na caikatvApalApe bandha-mokSAdivyavasthA, anumAnavyavasthA vaa| ekatvAbhAve baddhasyaiva mokSAdegRhIta-sambandhasyaiva liMgasyAdarzanAt, anumAnasya ca vyavasthAyogAditi / na cAsya viSaye bAdhakapramANasadbhAvAdaprAmANyam, tadviSaye pratyakSasya laigikasya cApravRtteH pravRttI vA pratyuta sAdhakatvameva, na bAdhakatvamityalamatiprasaMgena / tathA saugatasya pramANasaGkhyAvirodhividhvastabAdhaM takhyimapaDhIkata eva / na caitatpratyakSe'ntarbhavati; sAdhya-sAdhanayoApya-vyApakabhAvasya sAkalyena pratyakSAviSayatvAt / na hi tadiyato vyApArAn katu zaknoti; avicArakatvAt sannihitaviSayatvAcca / nApyanumAne; tasyApi dezAdiviSayaviziSTatvena vyAptya samAna ) apramANa bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA; kyoMki usase padArtha ko jAnakara pravRtta hue puruSa kI arthakriyA meM pratyakSa ke samAna visaMvAda nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| ekatva kA apalApa karane vAle bauddhamata meM bandha, mokSAdi kI vyavasthA athavA anumAna vyavasthA nahIM banatI hai| ekatva kA abhAva mAnane para jo ba~dhA thA, vahI chUTA isa prakAra sAdhana rUpa liMga kA sAdhya ke sAtha jo avinAbhAva hai, usakA grahaNa nahIM hogaa| aisA na hone para anumAna kI bhI vyavasthA nahIM bnegii| pratyabhijJAna ke ekatva ke viSaya meM bAdhaka pramANa ke sadbhAva meM apramANatA bhI nahIM hai / pratyabhijJAna ke viSaya meM pratyakSa aura anumAna jJAna kI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai| yadi ina donoM kI pravRtti ho bhI to yaha sAdhaka hI hai arthAt pratyabhijJAna ne jise viSaya banAyA hai use pratyakSa sAdhatA hai yA anumAna sAdhatA hai to ye donoM sAdhaka hI haiM, bAdhaka nahIM haiM / ataH isa prasaMga meM adhika kahane se basa / tathA bauddhoM kI pramANa saMkhyA kA virodha, bAdhA rahita tarka nAmaka pramANa Akara upasthita hai| isakA pratyakSa meM antarbhAva nahIM hotA hai| kyoMki sAdhya-sAdhana kA vyApya-vyApaka bhAva rUpa sambandha ( dezAntara aura kAlAntara ke ) sAkalya se pratyakSa kA viSaya nahIM ho sktaa| aura na pratyakSa ( jitane bhA dhUma haiM, ve saba agni se janya haiM, agni se bhinna se utpanna nahIM haiM ) itane vyApAroM ko karane meM samartha hai; kyoMki vaha vaha avicAraka ( bauddha mata meM nirvikalpaka ) hai aura usakA viSaya sanni1. pratyabhijJAnena viSayIkRtaM pratyakSa sAdhayati, anumAnaM sAdhayati, tadA sAdhakatvam / 2. tIryate saMzaya-viparyayAvaneneti trkH| . 3. aniyatadigdezakAlAdiviSayA vyaaptiH|
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________________ dvitoyaH samuddezaH viSayatvAt / tadviSayatve vA prakRtAnumAnAnumAnAntaravikalpadvayAnatikramAt / tatra prakRtAnumAnena vyAptipratipattAvitaretarAzrayatvaprasaMgaH-vyAptau hi pratipannAyAmanumAnamAtmAnamAsAdayati, tadAtmalAbhe ca vyAptipratipattiriti / anumAnAntareNAvinAbhAvapratipattAvanavasthAcamUrI parapakSacamU caJcamItIti nAnumAnagamyA vyAptiH / nApi sAGkhyAdiparikalpitairAgamopa'mAnArthApattyabhAvaiH sAkalyenAvinAbhAvAvagatiH teSAM samaya saGgRhItasAdRzyAnanyathAbhUtAbhAvaviSayatvena vyAptyaviSayatvAt parastathA'nabhyupagamAcca / atha pratyakSapRSThabhAvivikalpAt sAkalyena sAdhya-sAdhanabhAvapratipatta pramANAntaraM tadartha mRgymityprH| so'pi na yuktavAdI; vikalpasyAdhyakSagRhItaviSayasya hita padArtha hai| anumAna meM bhI tarka pramANa kA antarbhAva nahIM hotA hai| kyoMki anumAna dezAdi ke viSaya se viziSTa vyApti ko viSaya nahIM karatA hai / ( aniyata digdeza kAlAdi viSaya vAlI vyApti hotI hai ) / vyApti ko anumAna kA viSaya mAnane para prakRta anumAna vyApti ko viSaya karegA yA dUsarA anumAna ? prakRta anumAna ke dvArA vyApti kA grahaNa karane para itaretarAzraya doSa kA prasaMga AtA hai| vyApti ko svIkAra kara lene para anumAna svarUpalAbha karane aura anumAna ke svarUpa lAbha karane para vyApti kA grahaNa ho| anya anumAna se avinAbhAva mAnane para anavasthA nAmaka vyAghrI parapakSa rUpI senA ko cabA DAlegI, ataH vyApti anumAnagamya nahIM hai| __ sAMkhya, naiyAyika, akSapAda, prAbhAkara aura jaiminIya ke dvArA parikalpita Agama, upamAna, arthApatti aura abhAva pramANoM ke dvArA sAmastya rUpa se avinAbhAvarUpa vyApti kA jJAna nahIM ho sakatA hai| kyoMki una AgamAdi ke saMketa dvArA vastu ko grahaNa karanA, sAdRzya ko grahaNa karanA, ananyathAbhata artha ko grahaNa karanA tathA abhAva ko viSaya karanA ( pAyA jAtA ) hai| ye saba vyApti ko viSaya nahIM karate haiM tathA ina saba mata vAloM ne unheM vyApti ko viSaya karane vAlA mAnA bhI nahIM hai / bauddha-pratyakSa ke pIche hone vAle vikalpa se ( dezAntara kAlAntara rUpa ) sAmastya se sAdhya-sAdhana bhAva kI jAnakArI hone se vyApti grahaNa ke lie anya pramANa kI khoja nahIM karanA caahie| 1. prasiddhasAdhAdaprasiddhasya sAdhanamupamAnam / uktaJca-upamAnaM prasiddhArtha sAdhAtsAdhyasAdhanamiti /
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM tadaguhItaviSayasya vA tadvyavasthApakatvam ? Aye pakSe darzanasyeva tadanantarabhAvinirNayasyApi niyataviSayatvena vyAptyagocaratvAt / dvitIyapakSe'pi vikalpadvayamupaDhokata eva-tadvikalpajJAnaM pramANamanyathA veti ? prathamapakSe pramANAntaramanumantavyam; pramANadvaye'nantarbhAvAt / uttarapakSe tu na 'tato'numAnavyavasthA; na hi vyAptijJAnasyAprAmANye tatpUrvakamanumAnaM prAmANyamAskandati, sandigdhAdiliGgAdapyutpadyamAnasya prAmANyaprasaGgAt / tato vyAptijJAnaM savikalpamavisaMvAdakaM ca pramANaM pramANadvayAnyadabhyupagamamyamiti na saugatAbhimapramANasaGkhyAniyamaH / etenAnupalambhAt kAraNa vyApakAnupalambhAcca kAryakAraNa-vyApyavyApakabhAvasaMvittiriti vadannapi pratyuktaH; anupalambhasya pratyakSaviSayatvena kAraNAdyanupalambhasya ca liMgatvena tajjanitasyAnumAnatvAt pratyakSAnumAnAbhyAM vyAptigrahaNapakSopakSiptadoSAnuSaMgAt / __ jaina-vaha bauddha yuktivAdI nahIM hai| pratyakSa se gRhIta viSaya vAle vikalpa ko Apa vyApti kA vyavasthApaka mAnate haiM yA pratyakSa se jisakA viSaya gRhIta nahIM hai, aise vikalpa ko vyApti kA vyavasthApaka mAnate haiM ? Adi pakSa meM darzana ke samAna usake pIche hone vAle vikalpa rUpa nirNaya ke bhI viziSTa deza-kAla ke AdhAra se niyata viSayapane ke kAraNa vyApti kA jJAna hI nahIM hotA hai| dUsare pakSa meM do vikalpa prApta hote haiMvaha vikalpajJAna pramANa svarUpa hai yA apramANa ? prathama pakSa meM anya pramANa mAnanA cAhie, kyoMki usakA do pramANoM meM antarbhAva nahIM hotA hai / uttara pakSa mAnane para arthAt apramANa savikalpa mAnane para usase anumAna kI vyavasthA nahIM hotI hai| vyApti jJAna ke aprAmANya hone para vyApti jJAnapUrvaka hone vAlA anumAna pramANatA ko prApta nahIM karatA hai| sandigdha, viparyasta Adi liMga se utpanna hone vAle anumAna ko bhI pramANa mAnane kA prasaMga AtA hai| ataH tarka nAmaka vyApti jJAna ko savikalpaka, avisaMvAdaka aura pratyakSa tathA anumAna ina donoM se bhinna anya hI pramANa mAnanA caahie| isa prakAra bauddhAbhimata pramANa saMkhyA kA niyama nahIM ThaharatA hai| pratyakSa aura anumAna ke dvArA vyApti ke grahaNa ke nirAkaraNa ke rUpa svabhAvAnupalambha se, kAraNAnupalambha se aura vyApakAnupalambha se kAryakAraNabhAva aura vyApya-vyApakabhAva kA jJAna hotA hai, aisA kahane vAle bauddhoM kA bhI nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai, kyoMki svabhAvAnupalambha to pratyakSa kA hI viSaya hai aura kAraNAnupalambha tathA vyApakAnupalambha liMga rUpa haiM ,
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH etena pratyakSaphalenohApohavikalpajJAnena vyAptipratipattirityapyapAstam / pratyakSaphalasyApi pratyakSAnumAnayoranyataratve vyApteraviSayokaraNAt tadanyatve ca pramANAntaratvamanivAryamiti / atha vyAptivikalpasya phalatvAnna prAmANyamiti na yuktam; phalasyApyanumAnalakSaNaphalahetutayA pramANatvAvirodhAt / tathA sannikarSaphalasyApi vizeSaNajJAnasya vizeSajJAnalakSaNaphalApekSayA pramANatvamiti na vaizeSikAbhyupagatohApohavikalpaH pramANAntaratvamativartate / etena tri-catuH-paJca SaTpramANavAdino'pi sAGkhyAkSapAda-prabhAkara-jaiminIyAH svapramANasaGkhyAM na vyavasthApayitu kSamA iti pratipAditamavagantavyam / tathA unase utpanna hone vAlA jJAna anumAna nahIM hai, ataH pratyakSa aura anumAna se vyApti ke grahaNa karane ke pakSa meM jo doSa prApta hote the, unakI prApti kA prasaMga upasthita hotA hai| anupalambha Adi ke dvArA vyApti ke grahaNa meM pratyakSa aura anumAna . pakSa meM upakSipta doSa ke darzana se pratyakSa ke phala (pUrva pUrva pramANa hone para uttara uttara phala hotA hai ) rUpa UhApoha vikalpa jJAna ke dvArA vyApti kI jAnakArI hotI hai, isa prakAra kahane vAle vaizeSikoM ke mata kA bhI khaNDana ho jAtA hai| pratyakSa ke phala ko pratyakSa aura anumAna meM se kisI eka rUpa mAnane para unake dvArA vyApti viSaya nahIM kI jA sktii| pratyakSa aura anumAna se bhinna mAnane para bhinna pramANa mAnanA anivArya hai| naiyAyika-vyApti kA grAhaka tarka phala hone ke kAraNa prAmANya nahIM hai| jaina--yaha ThIka nahIM hai| phala rUpa hote hue bhI vaha anumAna kA hetu hai aura anumAna usakA phala hai, ataH use pramANa mAnane meM virodha nahIM hai tathA (indriya aura padArtha ke sambandha rUpa) sannikarSa ke phala rUpa bho vizeSaNa ke jJAna ko vizeSya jJAna ke lakSaNarUpa phala kI apekSA pramANa mAnane para vaizeSikoM ke dvArA mAnA gayA UhApoha vikalpa rUpa jJAna bhI tarka jJAna rUpa anya pramANa kA ullaMghana nahIM karatA hai (nirAkaraNa nahIM karatA hai)| bauddha kI pramANasaMkhyApratipAdana kI asAmarthya ke samarthana dvArA tIna, cAra, pA~ca, chaha pramANa kahane vAle sAMkhya, akSapAda, prabhAkara aura jaiminIya apanI pramANa ko saMkhyA ko vyavasthApita karane meM samartha nahIM haiM, 1. indriyArthayoH sambandhaH sannikarSaH /
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM uktanyAyena smRti-pratyabhijJAna-tarkANAM tadabhyupagatapramANasaGkhyAparipanthitvAdiAtA. pratyakSetarabhedAd dve eva pramANe iti sthitam / athedAnI prathamapramANabhedasya svarUpaM nirUpayitumAha vizadaM pratyakSam // 3 // jJAnamityanuvartate / pratyakSamiti dhaminirdezaH / vizadajJAnAtmakaM sAdhyam / pratyakSatvAditi hetuH / tathAhi-pratyakSa vizadajJAnAtmakameva, pratyakSatvAt / yanna vizadajJAnAtmakaM tanna pratyakSam, yathA parokSam / pratyakSaM ca vivAdApannam / tasmAdvizadajJAnAtmakamiti / pratijJArthaMkadezAsiddho heturiti cet kA punaH pratijJA tadekadezo vA ? dharmi dharmasamudAyaH pratijJA / tadekadezo dharmo dharmI vA ? hetuH pratijJArthakadezAsiddha iti cenna, dharmiNo hetutve asiddhatvAyogAt / tasya pakSaprayogakAlavaddhatuprayoge'pyasiddhatvAyogAt / aisA pratipAdita samajhanA cAhie / ukta nyAya se smRti, pratyabhijJAna aura tarkapramANa sAMkhyAdi ke dvArA mAnI gaI pramANa saMkhyA ke virodhI haiN| isa prakAra yaha bAta siddha huI ki pratyakSa aura parokSa ke bheda se do hI pramANa haiN| __aba isa samaya pramANa ke prathama bheda pratyakSa kA svarUpa nirUpaNa karane. ke lie kahate haiN| / sUtrArtha-vizada jJAna ko pratyakSa kahate haiN|3 // isa sUtra meM jJAna pada kI anuvRtti hotI hai| pratyakSa yaha dharmI kA. nirdeza hai (sAdhya dharma kA AdhAra rUpa dharmI pakSa hai)| vizada jJAnAtmakatA sAdhya hai, pratyakSatvAt yaha hetu hai| isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM-pratyakSa vizadajJAnAtmaka hI hotA hai| kyoMki vaha pratyakSa hai| jo vizadajJAnAtmaka nahIM hotA hai, vaha pratyakSa nahIM hotA hai, jaise parokSa / aura pratyakSa vivAdApanna hai, isalie vaha vizada jJAnAtmaka hai| zaGkA-yahA~ hetu pratijJArthaMkadezAsiddha hai / pratizaGkA-pratijJA kyA hai aura usakA ekadeza kyA hai ? samAdhAna-dharma ( sAdhya ) aura dharmI ( pakSa ) kA samudAya pratijJA hai| usakA ekadeza dharma athavA dharmI hai| unameM se eka ko hetu banAne para vaha pratijJArthaMkadezasiddha hetvAbhAsa ho jAtA hai / pratisamAdhAna-yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai| dharmI ko hetu banAne para asiddhapanA nahIM prApta hotA hai| pakSaprayoga kAla meM dharmI ke jaise
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH dharmiNo hetutve ananvaya doSa iti cenna; vizeSasya dharmitvAt, sAmAnyasya ca hetutvAta / tasya ca vizeSeSvanugamo vizeSaniSThatvAtsAmAnyasya / ____ atha sAdhyadharmasya' hetutve pratijJArthaMkadezAsiddhatvamiti / tadapyasammatam, sAdhyasya svarUpeNaivAsiddhatvAnna pratijJArthaMkadezatvena tasyAsiddhatvam, dharmiNA vyabhicArAt / __sapakSe vRtyabhAvAddhatorananvaya ityapyasata, sarvabhAvAnAM kSaNabhaGgasaGgamamevAGgazRGgAramaGgIkurvatAM tAthAgatAnAM sattvAdihetUnAmanudayaprasaGgAt / na vipakSe bAdhakapramANabhAvAta pakSavyApakatvAccAnanvayatvaM prakRte'pi samAnam / idAnIM svoktameva vizadatvaM vyAcaSTepratItyantarAvyavadhAnena vizeSavattayA vA pratibhAsanaM vaizadyam // 4 // asiddhapanA nahIM hai, usI prakAra hetu prayogakAla meM bhI usake asiddhapanA nahIM A sktaa| zaGkA-dharmI ko hetu banAne para ( yaha parvata agnivAlA hai, kyoMki yaha parvata hai, ityAdi ke samAna ) ananvaya doSa prApta hotA hai| samAdhAna-yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai| pratyakSa vizeSa yahA~ dharmI hai aura pratyakSa sAmAnya hetu hai| sAmAnya kA apane vizeSoM meM anvaya rahatA hai; kyoMki sAmAnya apane sabhI vizeSoM meM rahatA hai (aisA yoga ne mAnA hai)| zaGkA-sAdhya rUpa dharma ko hetu banAne para pratijJArthaMkadezasiddha hetvAbhAsa ho jaaygaa| samAdhAna-yaha bAta bhI asammata hai| sAdhya ke svarUpa se ho asiddha hone se pratijJArtha ke eka deza hone se asiddhatA nahIM hai, anyathA dharmI ke dvArA vyabhicAra AtA hai| zaGkA-(sAdhya-sAdhana dharmA-dharmI sapakSa hai, usa ) sapakSa meM hetu ke na rahane se aura anvaya dRSTAnta ke na pAe jAne se Apake ananvaya doSa prApta hotA hai| ___ samAdhAna-yaha kathana bhI ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki samasta padArthoM ke kSaNabhaMga saMgamarUpa zRGgAra ko aGgIkAra karane vAle bauddhoM ke sattvAdi hetuoM ke anudaya kA prasaMga prApta hotA hai| vipakSa meM bAdhaka pramANa kA sadbhAva hone se tathA pakSa meM vyApaka hone se sattva hetu ke ananvayadUSaNa nahIM prApta hotA hai, yaha bAta prakRta meM bhI samAna hai| pratyakSa ke vizadajJAnAtmakatva kA samarthana karane ke anantara apane dvArA kahe gae vizadatva ke viSaya meM kahate haiM1. sAdhyameva dharmaH sAdhyadharmaH /
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM ekasyAH pratIteranyA pratItiH pratItyantaram / tenAvyavadhAnaM tena pratibhAsanaM vaizadyam / yadyapyavAyasyAvagrahahApratItibhyAM vyavadhAnam, tathApi na parokSatvam; viSayaviSayiNo denA prtipttH| yatra viSaya-viSayiNorbhede sati vyavadhAnaM tatra parokSatvam / tarjhanumAnAdhyakSaviSayasyaikAtmagrAhyasyAgneminnasyopalambhAdadhyakSasya parokSateti / tadapyayuktam, bhinnaviSayatvAbhAvAt / visadRzasAmagrIjanyabhinnaviSayA pratItiH pratItyantaramucyate, nAnyaditi na doSaH / na kevalametadeva, vizeSavattayA vA pratibhAsanaM savizeSavarNasaMsthAnAdigrahaNaM vaizadyam / sUtrArtha-dUsare jJAna ke vyavadhAna se aura vizeSatA se hone vAle pratibhAsa ko vaizadya kahate haiN| eka pratIti se bhinna dUsarI pratIti ko pratItyantara kahate haiN| usase -vyavadhAna kA na honA, usase pratibhAsana honA vaizadya hai| yadyapi avAya kA avagraha aura IhA rUpa do pratItiyoM se vyavadhAna hai, phira bhI parokSapanA nahIM hai; kyoMki yahA~ para viSaya ( padArtha ) aura viSayI ( jJAna ) kI bheda rUpa se pratIti nahIM hai| jahA~ viSaya aura viSayo meM bheda hone para vyavadhAna hotA hai, vahAM para parokSapanA mAnA jAtA hai| vizeSa-jo padArtha avagraha kA viSaya hai, vahI IhA aura avAya kA viSaya hai| eka hI viSayabhUta padArtha ko jAnane se ye sabhI jJAna eka viSaya rUpa haiN| zaGkA-jaise avagraha jJAna pratyakSa hai usI prakAra avagraha aura IhA se vyavadhAna hone para bhI avAyajJAna kI bhI pratyakSatA usI krama se hI hai| yadi aisA hai to prathama agni jJAna parokSa hai; kyoMki dhamajJAna se vyavadhAna hai| bAda meM samIpa meM jAkara dekhatA hai, usakA pratyakSapanA bho parokSa hotA hai; kyoMki usameM pratItyantara rUpa anumAna jJAna se vyavadhAna hai tathA prathama dhUma darzana anya viSaya hai, pazcAt agnijJAna bhinna hai| ataH bhinna viSayoM kI upalabdhi ke kAraNa isa prakAra utpanna hue pratyakSa jJAna ke bhI parokSapanA prApta hotA hai| samAdhAna-yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki yahA~ para bhinna viSayapane kA abhAva hai| vilakSaNa sAmagrI se janya bhinna viSaya vAlI pratIti pratItyantara kahalAtI hai, anya nahIM, ataH doSa nahIM hai| dUsare jJAna ke vyavadhAna se rahitapanA hI vaizadya nahIM hai, apitu vizeSatA se
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH 'tacca pratyakSaM dvedhA, mukhya-saMvyavahArabhedAditi manasi kRtya prathamaM sAMvyavahArika pratyakSotpAdikAM sAmagrI tadbhedaM ca prAha 'indriyAnindriya nimittaM dezataH sAMvyavahArikam // 5 // vizadaM jJAnamiti cAnuvartate / dezato vizadaM jJAnaM sAMvyavahArikamityarthaH / samIcInaH pravRttinivRttirUpo vyavahAraH, tatra bhavaM sAMvyavahArikaM / punaH kimbhatam ? indriyAnindriyanimittam / indriyaM cakSurAdi, anindriyaM manaH te nimitta kAraNaM yasya / samastaM vyastaM ca kAraNamabhyupagantavyam / indriyaprAdhAnyAdanindriyabalAdhAnAdupajAtamindriyapratyakSam / anindriyAdeva vizuddhisavyapekSAdupajAyamAnamanindriyapratyakSam / tatrendriyapratyakSamavagrahAdidhAraNAparyantatayA caturvidhamapi bahvAdidvAdazabhedamaSTahone vAlA pratibhAsa, vizeSatA se yukta varNa saMsthAnAdi kA grahaNa vaizadya hai| vaha pratyakSa do prakAra kA hotA hai, mukhya pratyakSa aura sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa, isa prakAra mana meM rakhakara prathama sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kI utpAdaka sAmagrI aura usake bheda ko kahate haiM / sUtrArtha- indriya aura mana ke nimitta se hone vAle ekadeza vizada jJAna ko sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kahate haiM / / 5 / / sUtra meM vizada aura jJAna kI anuvRtti AtI hai| ekadeza vizada jJAna sAMvyavahArika hai| samIcIna pravRtti nivRtti rUpa vyavahAra ko saMvyavahAra kahate haiM, usameM hone vAle jJAna ko sAMvyavahArika kahate haiN| punaH sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kaisA hai ? indriya aura mana jisake kAraNa haiN| indriyA~ cakSurAdi haiM aura anindriya mana hai, ve jisake nimitta = kAraNa haiN| indriya aura mana ye samasta bhI sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa ke kAraNa haiM aura pRthakpRthaka bhI kAraNa haiM, aisA mAnanA caahie| indriya kI pradhAnatA se aura mana kI sahAyatA se utpanna jJAna indriya pratyakSa hai| jJAnAvaraNa aura vIryAntarAya ke kSayopazama lakSaNa vAlI vizuddhi kI apekSA sahita kevala mana se hI utpanna hone vAle jJAna ko anindriya pratyakSa kahate haiN| indriya pratyakSa aura anindriya pratyakSa ina donoM ke madhya indriya pratyakSa avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNA ke bheda se cAra prakAra kA hone 1. indati paramaizvaryamanubhavatIti indra AtmA, indrasya liGgamindriyam / 2. ISadindriyamanindriyam / 3. jJAnAvaraNavIryAntarAyakSayopazamalakSaNA vizuddhiH /
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM catvAriMzatsaGkhyaM pratIndriyaM pratipattavyam / anindriya pratyakSasya coktaprakAreNASTacatvAriMzadbhedena manonayanarahitAnAM caturNAmapIndriyANAM vyaJjanAvagrahasyASTacatvAriMzadbhedena ca samuditasyendriyapratyakSasya SaTtriMzaduttarA trizatI saGkhyA prtipttvyaa| nanu svasaMvedanabhedamanyadapi pratyakSamasti, tatkathaM noktamiti na vAcyam; tasya sukhAdijJAnasvarUpasaMvedanasya mAnasapratyakSatvAt, indriyajJAnasvarUpasaMvedanasya cendriyasamakSatvAt / anyathA tasya svavyavasAyAyogAt / smRtyAdisvarUpasaMvedanaM mAnasameveti nAparaM svasaMvedanaM nAmAdhyakSamasti / nanu pratyakSasyotpAdakaM kAraNaM vadatA granthakAreNendriyavadarthAlokAvapi kiM na kAraNatvenoktau ? tadavacane kAraNAnAM sAkalyasyAsamahAdvineyavyAmoha eva syAta, para bhI bahu Adi bAraha viSayoM ke bheda se ar3atAlIsa bheda rUpa pratyeka indriya ke prati jAnanA caahie| anindriya pratyakSa ke ukta prakAra ar3atAlIsa bheda ke sAtha ( aprApyakArI hone se ) mana aura nayana se rahita zrotra, tvaka, jihnA aura ghrANendriyoM ke vyaJjanAvagraha ke 48 bheda ke . sAtha ekatrita indriyAnindriya pratyakSa kI 336 saMkhyA jAnanI caahie| vizeSa--sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa rUpa mati jJAna ke 336 bheda hote haiN| - pA~ca indriyA~ aura mana chahoM ke arthAvagraha Adi cAra cAra ke hisAba se caubIsa bheda hue tathA unameM cAra prApyakArI indriyoM ke cAra vyaJjanAvagraha jor3ane se aTThAIsa hue| ina sabako bahu, alpa, bahuvidha, alpavidha Adi bAraha-bAraha bhedoM se guNA karane para 336 bheda hote haiN| bhedoM kI yaha gaNanA sthUla dRSTi se hai| vAstava meM to prakAza Adi kI sphuTatA, asphuTatA, viSayoM kI vividhatA aura kSayopazama kI vicitratA ke AdhAra para taratama bhAva vAle asaMkhya hote haiM / bauddha-svasaMvedana nAmaka eka anya bheda bhI hai, vaha kyoM nahIM kahA ? jaina--aisA nahIM kahanA caahie| sukhAdi jJAnasvarUpa usa saMvedana kA mAnasa pratyakSa meM antarbhAva hotA hai| indriya jJAna svarUpa saMvedana kA indriya pratyakSa meM antarbhAva hotA hai, anyathA svasaMvedana jJAna ke svavyavasAyakatA nahIM bana sakatI hai| smRti Adi svarUpa saMvedana mAnasa pratyakSa hI hai, isase bhinna svasaMvedana nAma kA koI pratyakSa nahIM hai / _ naiyAyika-pratyakSa ke utpAdaka kAraNa batalAte hue granthakAra ne indriya ke samAna artha aura Aloka ko kAraNa ke rUpa meM kyoM nahIM kahA ?
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________________ 47 dvitIyaH samudezaH tadiyattA'navadhAraNAt / na ca bhagavataH paramakAruNikasya ceSTA tad-vyAmohAya prabhavatItyAzaGkAyAmucyate nArthAloko kAraNaM paricchedyatvAttamovat // 6 // sugamametat / nanu bAhyAlokAbhAvaM vihAya tamaso'nyasyAbhAvAt sAdhanavikalo dRSTAnta iti ? navam, evaM sati bAhyAlokasyApi tamo'bhAvAdanyasyAsambhavAttejodravyasyAsambhava iti vistareNaitadalaGkAre pratipAditaM boddhavyam / atraiva sAdhye hetvantaramAhatadanvaya-vyatirekAnuvidhAnAbhAvAcca kezoNDukajJAnavannaktazcara jJAnavacca // 7 // atra vyAptiH yadyasyAnvayavyatireko nAnuvidadhAti, na tattatkAraNakam, yathA inake nahIM kahane se kAraNoM ke sAkalya kA saMgraha nahIM hone se vyAmoha hI hogA; kyoMki jJAnotpatti ke kAraNoM kI saMkhyA kA avadhAraNa nahIM hogaa| agavAn parama kAruNika granthakartA AcArya kI pravRtti ziSyoM ke vyAmoha ke lie nahIM ho sakatI, aisI AzaGkA hone para kahate haiM / sUtrArtha-artha aura Aloka sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa ke kAraNa nahIM haiN| kyoMki ve jJeya haiM, jaise-andhakAra / / 6 / / yaha sUtra sugama hai| zaGkA-bAhya Aloka ke abhAva ko chor3akara anya koI andhakAra nahIM hai, ataH ApakA dRSTAnta sAdhanavikala hai| samAdhAna-yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai| aisA hone para bAhya prakAza ko bhI andhakAra kA abhAva kaha sakate haiN| isa prakAra prakAza ke asambhava ho jAne se tez2odgavya kA mAnanA bho asambhava ho jaaygaa| yaha bAta vistAra se prameyakamalamArtaNDa meM pratipAdita jAnanI caahie| isI sAdhya ke viSaya meM dUsarA hetu karate haiM satrArtha-dharmI jJAna kA kAraNa artha aura Aloka nahIM haiM; kyoMki jJAna kA artha aura Aloka ke sAtha anvaya-vyatireka rUpa sambandha kA * abhAva hai| jaise keza meM hone vAle uNDuka ( macchara ) jJAna ke sAtha tathA - naktaMcara ulUka Adi ko rAtri meM hone vAle jJAna ke sAtha / / 7 // artha aura Aloka jJAna ke kAraNa nahIM haiM, isa viSaya meM vyApti hai. jo kArya jisa kAraNa ke sAtha anvaya aura vyatireka ko dhAraNa nahIM
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________________ 48 prameyaratnamAlAyAM kezoNDukajJAnam / nAnuvidhatte ca jJAnamarthAnvayavyatirekAviti / tathA''loke'pi / etAvAn vizeSastatra naktaJcaradRSTAnta iti / naktaJcarA mArjArAdayaH / nanu vijJAnamarthajanitamarthAkAraM cArthasya grAhakam; tadutpattimantareNa viSayaM prati niyamAyogAt / tadutpatterAlokAdAvaviziSTatvAttAdrUpyasahitAyA eva tasyAstaM prati niyamahetutvAt, bhinnakAlatve'vi jJAna-jJeyayorgrAhyagrAhakabhAvAvirodhAt / tathA coktam bhinnakAlaM kathaM grAhyamiti ced grAhyatAM viduH / hetutvameva yuktijJAstadAkArArpaNakSamam // 4 // ityAzaGkAyAmidamAha ataJjanyamapi tatprakAzakaM pradIpavat // 8 // arthAjanyamapyarthaprakAzakamityarthaH / atajjanyatvamupalakSaNam / tenAtadAkAramapI karatA hai, vaha tatkAraNaka nahIM hai / jaise keza meM hone vAlA uNDuka kA jJAna artha ke sAtha anvaya vyatireka ko dhAraNa nahIM krtaa| Aloka meM bho jJAna ke sAtha anvaya vyatireka sambandha nahIM hai| itanA vizeSa hai ki yahA~ naktaJcara dRSTAnta hai| mArjAra Adi naktaJcara haiN| Adi zabda se aMjana se saMskRta cara bhI grahaNa karanA caahie| ___ yogAcAra bauddha kA kahanA hai ki artha se janita aura arthAkAra vijJAna artha kA grAhaka hai; kyoMki tadutpatti ke binA viSaya ke prati koI niyama nahIM bana sktaa| tadutpatti ko hI niyAmaka mAnane para tadutpatti Aloka Adi meM bhI samAna hai| ataH tAdrapya sahita tadutpatti ko hI viSaya ke prati niyAmaka mAnA gayA hai| yadi mAnA jAya ki jJAna aura jJeya bhinna kSaNavartI haiM to bhI jJAna aura jJeya meM grAma aura grAhaka bhAva kA virodha nahIM hogaa| jaisA ki kahA gayA hai zlokArtha-yadi koI pUche ki bhinnakAlavartI padArtha grAhya kaise ho sakatA hai to yukti ke jAnane vAle AcArya jJAna meM tadAkAra ke arpaNa karane kI kSamatA vAle hetutva ko ho grAhyatA kahate haiM // 4 // isa prakAra zaGkA hone para yaha kahate haiM sUtrArtha-artha se nahIM utpanna hone para bhI ( artha prakAzana svabhAva hone ke kAraNa ) jJAna artha kA prakAzaka hotA hai, dIpaka ke samAna // 8 // jJAna artha se janya na hone para bhI artha kA prakAzaka hotA hai| atajjanyatA upalakSaNa hai, usase atadAkAradhAritva rUpa artha kA grahaNa hotA
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH 49 tyarthaH / ubhayatrApi pradIpo dRSTAntaH / yathA pradIpasyAtajjanyasyAtadAkAradhAriNo'pi tatprakAzakatvam , tathA jJAnasyApItyarthaH / / nanu yadyarthAdajAtasyArtharUpAnanukAriNo jJAnasyArthasAkSAtkAritvaM tadA niyatadigdezakAlavartipadArthaprakAzapratiniyame hetorabhAvAtsarvaM vijJAnamapratiniyataviSayaM syAditi zaMkAyAmAhasvAvaraNakSayopazamalakSaNayogyatayA hi pratiniyatamarthaM vyavasthApayati // 9 // svAni ca tAnyAvaraNAni ca svAvaraNAni / teSAM kSaya' udyaabhaavH| teSAmeva sadavasthA upazamaH,2 tAveva lakSaNaM yasyA yogyatAyAstayA hetubhUtayA prtihai| jaise-kauoM se daho kI rakSA karo, aisA kahane para gRddhoM se bhI rakSA karo, kevala kauoM se nhiiN| isI atadAkAradhAritva upalakSaNa yogya hai| atajjanyatA aura atadAkAratA donoM meM dIpaka kA dRSTAnta hai| jaise dIpaka padArtha se nahIM utpanna hone para bhI padArtha kA AkAra na dhAraNa karane para bhI padArtha kA prakAzaka hotA hai, usI prakAra jJAna bhI padArtha se utpanna na hone para bhI aura padArtha kA AkAra dhAraNa na karake bhI padArthoM ko jAnatA hai| bauddha-yadi artha se nahIM utpanna hae aura artha ke AkAra ko bhI nahIM dhAraNa karane vAle jJAna ke arthasAkSAtkAritva hai to niyatadizAvartI, niyatadezavartI aura niyatakAlavartI padArthoM ko jAnane ke pratiniyama meM tadutpatti aura tApya hetu ke abhAva se sabhI jJAna apratiniyata viSaya vAle ho jAya~ge? (taba pratyeka jJAna, atIta, anAgata, vyavahita, dUravartI tathA antarita padArthoM ko jAnane lgegaa)| isa prakAra kI zaGkA hone para kahate haiN| satrArtha-apane AvaraNa ke kSayopazama lakSaNa vAlI ( arthagrahaNa zakti rUpa ) yogyatA se pratyakSa pramANa pratiniyata padArthoM ke jAnane ko vyavasthA karatA hai / / 9 / / apane AvaraNa svAvaraNa haiN| unake udaya ke abhAva ko kSaya kahate haiM / anudaya prApta unhIM karmoM kI sad avasthA upazama hai| vahI lakSaNa jisa 1. matijJAnAvaraNavIryAntarAyakarmadravyANAM anubhAgasya sarvaghAtispardhakAnAmudayA bhAvaH kSayaH / 2. teSAmevAnudayaprAptAnAM sadavasthA upazamaH / 4
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM niyatamayaM vyavasthApayati pratyakSamiti zeSaH / hi yasmAdarthe / yasmAdevaM tato noktadoSa ityrthH| idamatra tAtparyam-kalpayitvApi tAdrUpyaM tadutpatti tadadhyavasAyaM ca yogyatA'va. zyA'bhyupagantavyA / tApyasya samAnArthastadutpatterindriyAdibhistadvayasyApi samAnArthasamanantarapratyayastattritayasyApi zukle zaGke pItAkArajJAnena vyabhicArAda yogyatAzrayaNameva zreya iti / etena yaduktaM pareNa arthena ghaTayatyenAM na hi muktvA'rtharUpatAm / tasmAtprameyAdhigateH pramANaM meyarUpatA // 5 // iti tannirastam; samAnArthAkAranAnAjJAneSu meyarUpatAyAH sadbhAvAt / na ca pareSAM sArUpyaM nAmAsti vastubhUtamiti yogyatayaivArthapratiniyama iti sthitam / idAnIM kAraNatvAtparicchedyo'rtha iti mataM nirAkaroti yogyatA kA hai, hetubhUta usase pratyakSa jJAna pratiniyata artha kI vyavasthA karatA hai| 'hi' yasmAt ke artha meM hai / cU~ki aisA hai, ataH ukta doSa nahIM hai| yahA~ tAtparya yaha hai-tApya, tadutpatti aura tadadhyavasAya kI kalpanA karake bhI yahA~ yogyatA avazya mAnanI caahie| tAdrapya kA samAnArthoM ke sAtha, tadutpatti kA indriyAdikoM ke sAtha, ina donoM kA samAnArtha samanantara pratyaya ke sAtha ora tApya, tadutpatti aura tadadhyavasAya ina tInoM kA zukla zaMkha meM pItAkara jJAna ke sAtha vyabhicAra AtA hai, ataH yogyatA kA Azraya lenA hI zreyaskara hai / tApya Adi ke vyabhicAra pratipAdana karane se bauddha dvArA jo yaha kahA gayA hai zlokArtha-artha rUpatA ko chor3akara anya koI nirvikalpaka pratyakSa baddhi artha ke sAtha sambandha sthApita nahIM karatI hai / ataH pramANa ke viSayabhUta padArtha ko jAnane ke lie meyarUpatA ( padArtha ke AkAra vAlI tadAkAratA) hI pramANa hai / / 5 / / yaha kathana nirasta ho jAtA hai| kyoMki samAna arthAkAra vAle nAnA jJAnoM meM meyarUpatA (tadAkAratA ) pAyI jAtI hai| bauddhoM ke yahA~ sadRza pariNAma lakSaNa vAlA sAmAnya padArtha jaisA sArUpya nahIM hai ataH yogyatA hI viSayake pratiniyama kA kAraNa hai| isa samaya padArtha ko jJAna kA kAraNa honese paricchedya (jJeya ) kahate haiN| isa mata kA nirAkaraNa karate haiM .
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________________ dvitIyaH samudezaH kAraNasya ca paricchedyatve karaNAdinA vyabhicAraH // 10 // karaNAdikAraNaM paricchedyamiti tena vyabhicAraH / na brUmaH kAraNatvAtparicchedyattram, api tu paricchedyatvAtkAraNatvamiti cenna; tathApi kezoNDukAdinA vyabhicArAt / idAnImatIndriyapratyakSaM vyAcaSTesAmagrIvizeSavizleSitAkhilAvaraNamatIndriyamazeSatomukhyam // 11 sAmagrI' dravyakSetrakAlabhAvalakSaNA, tasyA vizeSaH samagratAlakSaNaH / tena vizleSitAnyakhilAnyAvaraNAni yena tattathoktam / kiviziSTam ? atIndriyamindriyANyatikrAntam / punarapi kIdRzam ? azeSataH sAmastyena vizadam / azeSato vaizaye kiM kAraNamiti cet pratibandhAbhAvaH iti brUmaH / tatrApi kiM kAraNamiti sUtrArtha-kAraNa ko paricchedya ( jJeya ) mAnane para karaNa Adi se vyabhicAra AtA hai // 10 // karaNAdi jJAna ke kAraNa haiM, ataH paricchedya (jeya ) haiM, isalie indriyAdi se vyabhicAra siddha hai| bauddha-hama loga artha ko jJAna kA kAraNa hone se jJeya nahIM kahate haiM, balki paricchedya hone se use jJAna kA kAraNa kahate haiN| jaina-phira bhI kezoNDuka Adi se vyabhicAra AtA hai / tAtparya yaha ki jisa vyakti ko sira para macchara ur3ate dekhakara kezoM ke ur3ane kA jJAna ho rahA hai, usake ve macchara jJAna ke kAraNa nahIM hote haiN| isa samaya atIndriya pratyakSa ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-sAmagrI kI vizeSatA se dUra ho gaye haiM samasta AvaraNa jisake, aise atIndriya aura pUrNatayA vizada jJAna ko mukhya pratyakSa kahate haiM // 11 // yoga dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ko prApti ko sAmagrI kahate haiN| usakA vizeSa samagratA lakSaNa vAlA hai| usa sAmagrI vizeSa se vighaTita kara diye haiM, samasta AvaraNa jisane, aisA vaha jJAna hai / punaH kaisA hai ? indriyoM kA ullaMghana karake pravRtta huA hai| punaH kaisA hai ? sampUrNa rUpa se vizada hai / sampUrNa rUpa se vizada hone meM kyA kAraNa hai ? aisA pUcho to hama kahate haiM ki vizada hone meM pratibandha kA abhAva kAraNa hai| prati1. karmakSayayogyottamasaMhananottamapradezottamakAlottamasamyagdarzanAdipariNapatisvarUpA saamgrii|
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________________ 52 prameyaratnamAlAyAM cedatIndriyatvamanAvaraNatvaM ceti brUmaH / etadapi kutaH ? ityAhasAvaraNatve karaNajanyatve ca pratibandhasambhavAt // 12 // nanvavadhi-manaHparyayoranenAsaGgrahAdavyApakametallakSaNamiti na vAcyam; tayorapi svaviSaye'zeSato vizadatvAdidharmasambhavAt / na caivaM mati-zrutayoritya tivyaaptiprihaarH| tadetadatIndriyamavadhi-manaHparyaya-kevalaprabhedAt trividhamapi mukhyaM pratyakSamAtmasannidhimAtrApekSatvAditi / / nanvazeSaviSayavizadAvabhAsijJAnasya tadvato vA pratyakSAdipramANapatra kAviSayatvenAbhAvapramANaviSamaviSadharavidhvastasattAkatvAt kasya mukhyatvam ? tathAhi - nAdhyakSamazeSajJaviSayam, tasya rUpAdiniyatagocaracAritvAt sambaddhavartamAnaviSayatvAcca / na cAzeSavedI sambaddho vartamAnazceti / nApyanumAnAttatsiddhiH / anumAnaM bandha ke abhAva meM bhI kyA kAraNa hai ? atIndriyatA aura nivAraNatA kAraNa hai, aisA hama kahate hai| yaha bhI kyoM ? isake viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-AvaraNa sahita aura indriya janita mAnane para jJAna kA pratibandha sambhava hai / / 12 // ___ zaGkA-isa sUtra se avadhijJAna aura manaHparyayajJAna kA saMgraha nahIM hotA, ataH yaha lakSaNa avyApaka hai| samAdhAna-aisA nahIM kahanA caahie| avadhijJAna aura manaHparyayajJAna ke bhI apane viSaya meM sampUrNa rUpa se vizadatvA da dharma sambhava haiN| cU~ki mati aura zruta meM aisA nahIM hai ataH ativyApti doSa kA nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra yaha atIndriya mukhya pratyakSa avadhi, manaHparyaya aura kevala ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hone para bhI mukhya pratyakSa AtmA ko sannidhi mAtra kI apekSA se hotA hai| zaGkA-sampUrNa viSayoM ko vizada rUpa se avabhAsita karAne vAlA jJAna athavA usa prakAra kA jJAnavAn puruSa cUMki pratyakSAdi pA~ca pramANoM kA viSaya nahIM hai aura abhAva pramANa viSama viSadhara sarpa ke samAna usakI sattA ko vidhvasta karatA hai, ataH kisake mukhyapanA hai ? isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM-pratyakSa pramANa to azeSajJa ( sarvajJa ) ko viSaya nahIM karatA hai, kyoMki pratyakSa to rUpAdi niyata viSayoM ko ho viSaya karatA hai tathA usakA viSaya sambaddha aura vartamAna hai| sarvajJa sambaddha aura vartamAna nahIM hai| anumAna se bhI sarvajJa kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai| sAdhya-sAdhana ke sambandha ko jisane grahaNa kiyA hai aise puruSa ke hI ekadeza dhuyeM ke dekhane se
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH hi gRhItasambandhasyaika dezadarzanAdasannikRSTe buddhiH / na ca sarvajJasadbhAvAvinAbhAvikAryaliGga svabhAvaliGga vA sampazyAmaH; tajjJapteH pUrva tatsvabhAvasya tatkAryasya vA tatsadbhAvAvinAbhAvino nishcetumshkteH| nApyAgamAttatsadbhAvaH, / sa hi nityo'nityo tatsadbhAvaM bhAvayet ? na tAvannityaH, tasyArthavAdarUpasya karmavizeSasaMstavanaparatvena puruSavizeSAvabodhakatvAyogAt / anAderAgamasyAdimatpuruSavAcakatvAghaTanAcca / nApyanitya AgamaH sarvajJaM sAdhayati, tasyApi tatpraNItasya tannizcayamantareNa prAmANyAnizcayAditaretarAzrayatvAcca / itarapraNItasya' tvanAsAdita pramANabhAvasyAzeSajJaprarUpaNaparatvaM nitarAmasambhAvyamiti / sarvajJasadRzasyAparasya grahaNAsambha asannikRSTa (dUravartI ) padArtha meM jo buddhi hotI hai, use anumAna kahate haiM / sarvajJa ke sadbhAva kA avinAbhAvI kAryaliGga athavA ( akSAdi) svabhAvaliGga bhI nahIM dekhate haiM, kyoMki sarvajJa ke jJAna ke pUrva usake sadbhAva kA avinAbhAvI sarvajJa kA aura usake kArya kA nizcaya nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / Agama se bho sarvajJa kA sadbhAva nahIM siddha kiyA jA sakatA hai| vaha ( vedarUpa ) nitya Agama sarvajJa ko batalAtA hai yA (smati Adi) anitya Agama sarvajJa ko batalAtA hai ? nitya Agama to batalA nahIM sakatA, kyoMki vaha ( yAga prazaMsAvAdastutinindA rUpa ) arthavAda yukta hai, ( yajJAdi ) karma vizeSoM kA saMstavana karane vAlA hai, ataH usake dvArA sarvajJa rUpa kisI puruSavizeSa ke sadbhAva kA jJAna hone kA yoga nahIM hai| anAdi AgamakA AdimAn puruSa kA vAcaka honA ghaTita nahIM hotA hai / anitya Agama bhI savaMjJa kI siddhi nahIM karatA hai| (anitya Agama sarvajJa ko yadi siddha karatA hai to vaha sarvajJa ke dvArA praNIta hai yA kisI anya ke dvArA, isa prakAra do vikalpa mana meM rakhakara doSa upasthita karate haiM ) / anitya Agama kA nizcaya usake praNetA ke nizcaya ke binA nahIM ho sakatA, isa prakAra itaretarAzraya doSa AtA hai| tAtparya yaha ki sarvajJa ke dvArA praNIta honA siddha hone para Agama prAmANya kI siddhi ho aura prAmANya kA nizcaya hone para sarvajJa kI siddhi ho, isa prakAra itaretarAzraya doSa AtA hai| yadi asarvajJa ke dvArA praNIta Agama sarvajJa ko siddha kare to jise pramANatA prApta nahIM hai, aise Agama ko sarvajJa kA nirUpaNa karane vAlA mAnanA asambhava hai| sarvajJa ke sadRza anya kisI vyakti 1. asarvajJapraNItasya / 2. aprApta /
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________________ 54 prameyaratnamAlAyAM vAcca nopamAnam / ananyathAbhUtasyArthasyAbhAvAnnArthApattirapi sarvajJAvabodhiketi dharmAdya padezasya vyAmohAdapi sambhavAt / dvividho hya padezaH--samyamithyopadezabhedAt / tatra manvAdInAM samyagupadezo yathArthajJAnodayavedamUlatvAt / buddhAdInAM tu vyAmohapUrvakaH, tadamUlatvAt teSAmavedArthajJatvAt / tataH pramANapaJcakAviSayatvAdabhAvapramANasyaiva pravRttistena cAbhAva eva jJAyate; bhAvAMze pratyakSAdipramANapaJcakasya vyApArAditi / - kA grahaNa asambhava hone se upamAna se bhI sarvajJa kI siddhi nahIM hotii| tAtparya hai ki sarvajJa ke samAna yadi koI vartamAna samaya meM dikhAI de to hama upamAna se sarvajJa ko jAneM / ananyathAbhUta artha ke abhAva se arthApatti bhI sarvajJa kI bodhikA nahIM hai, kyoMki dharmAdi kA upadeza vyAmoha se bhI saMbhava hai / arthAt anupapadyamAna artha ko dekhakara usake upapAdaka artha ko kalpanA karanA jayApatti kahalAtI hai| jaise ki devadatta dina meM nahIM khAtA hai, parantu moTA hai, aisA dekhane yA sunane para ( usake ) rAtribhojana kI kalpanA kara lI jAtI hai ( kyoMki ) dina meM na khAne vAle kA moTA honA rAtribhojana ke binA nahIM bana sakatA hai / isalie anyathA (arthAt rAtribhojana ke binA) pInatva kI anupapatti hI ( usake ) rAtribhojana meM pramANa hotI hai aura vaha (arthApatti) pramANa rAtribhojana ke pratyakSAdi kA. viSaya na hone se pratyakSAdi se bhinna alaga ho pramANa hai, aisA arthApatti pramANa mAnane vAle kahate haiM ) / upadeza do prakAra kA hai| 1-samyaka upadeza aura 2-mithyA upadeza / unameM se manvAdi kA upadeza samyak upadeza hai; kyoMki unake vedamUlaka yathArtha jJAna kA udaya pAyA jAtA hai / buddha Adi kA upadeza vyAmohapUrvaka hai kyoMki vaha vedamUlaka nahIM hai| buddha Adi veda ke artha kA jJAtA nahIM hai / ataH pA~ca pramANoM kA viSaya na hone se abhAva pramANa kI hI pravRtti hotI hai, usase abhAva ho jAnA jAtA hai| ( vastu ke sadbhAva ko grahaNa karake aura pratiyogI kA bhI smaraNa karake mAnasa nAstitA jJAna hotA hai, jisameM indriyoM kI apekSA nahIM hotI hai| jahA~ para pA~ca pramANoM ke dvArA vasturUpa kA jJAna utpanna nahIM hotA hai, vahA~ para vastu kI asattA ke vodha ke lie abhAva pramANatA hotA hai| indriya ke dvArA 'nahIM hai', isa prakAra kI buddhi utpanna nahIM hotI hai, indriya meM bhAvAMza ko jAnane kI hI yogyatA hai / abhAva pramANa kI pratyakSAdi se utpatti nahIM hotI hai / ) bhAvAMza meM hI pA~ca pramANoM kA vyApAra hotA hai /
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH atra pratividhIyate-yattAvaduttam-'pratyakSAdipramANAviSayatvamazeSajJasyeti' tadayuktam; tad-grAhakasyAnumAnasya sambhavAt / tathAhi-kazcitpuruSaH sakalapadArthasAkSAtkArI, tadgrahaNasvabhAvatve sati prakSINapratibandhapratyayatvAt / yathA'pagatatimiraM locanaM rUpasAkSAtkAri / tad-grahaNasvabhAvatve sati prakSINapratibandha yahA~ para bhATTamata kA jaina AcArya prativAda karate haiM jo Apane kahA hai ki sarvajJa pratyakSAdi pramANoM kA viSaya nahIM hai, yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki sarvajJa kA grAhaka anumAna sambhava hai| isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM___ koI puruSa samasta padArthoM kA sAkSAtkAra karanevAlA hai arthAt rUpAdi se yukta pratiniyata vartamAna, sUkSma, antarita aura dUravartI samasta padArthoM kA koI puruSa pratyakSadraSTA hai; kyoMki una padArthoM kA grahaNa svabhAvI hokara prakSINa pratibandha pratyaya (kAraNa) vAlA hai| arthAt usake jJAna ke dvArA sabhI pratibandha kSINa ho gae haiN| jaise timira se rahita locana rUpa kA sAkSAtkAra karane vAlA hai| tadgrahaNa svabhAvI hokara prakSINa pratibandha pratyaya vAlA vivAda grasta koI puruSa vizeSa hai| vizeSa-'prakSINa pratibandha jJAna vAlA hone se' yaha kahane para yoga ke dvArA parikalpika mukta jIva se vyabhicAra AtA hai, ataH kahA gayA haiuna padArthoM kA grahaNa svabhAvI hokr| yauga ( nyAyavaizeSika ) ke dvArA parikalpita mukta jIva ke prakSINa pratibandha pratyayatva hai, padArtha grahaNa svabhAva nahIM hai, ataH usake nirAkaraNa ke lie 'una padArthoM kA grahaNa svabhAvI hokara, aisA kahA hai| 'una padArthoM kA grahaNa karanA svabhAva hone se' aisA kahe jAne para kAca kAmalAdi se yukta netra se vyabhicAra AtA hai, ataH 'prakSINapratibandhapratyayatvAt' aisA kahA hai / 'yatastadgrahaNasvabhAvatvAt' itane mAtra kahe jAne para kAca kAmalAdi doSa se yukta cakSu meM tadgrahaNa svabhAva hai, grahaNa nahIM hai, isa prakAra bhATTa ke prati kahA gyaa| _ vigraha isa prakAra hogA-prakSINazcAsau pratibandhazca sa eva pratyayaH kAraNaM yasya sa, tasya bhAvastattvam / prakSINa pratibandha pratyayatvAt aisA kahane para pratibandha se rahita agni meM vyabhicAra AtA hai, ataH usake nirAkaraNa ke lie 'tadgrahaNasvabhAvatve sati, aisA kahA gayA hai| ataH saba ThIka kahA gayA hai| pA~ca avayava meM se yauga cAra, mImAMsaka tIna, sAMkhya do tathA jaina
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________________ 56 prameyaratnamAlAyAM pratyayazca vivAdApannaH kazciditi / sakalapadArthagrahaNasvabhAvatvaM nAtmano'siddham; codanAtaH sakalapadArthaparijJAnasyAnyathA'yogAt, andhasyevA''darzAdrUpapratipatteriti / vyAptijJAnotpattibalAccAzeSaviSayajJAnasambhavaH / kevalaM vaizadya vivAdaH, tatra cAvaraNApagama eva kAraNaM rajonIhArAdyAvRtArthajJAnasyeva tadapagama iti / prakSINapratibandhapratyayatvaM kathamiti ceducyate-doSAvaraNe' kvacinnimUlaM pralayamupavajata; prakRSyamANahAnikatvAt / yasya prakRSyamANahAniH sa kvacinni aura bauddha eka hI hetu kA prayoga karate haiN| mImAMsaka ke prati yahA~ cAra hI avayavoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| ___ AtmA kA samasta padArthoM kA grahaNa svabhAva honA asiddha nahIM hai| anyathA veda vAkya se samasta padArthoM kA parijJAna nahIM ho skegaa| jaise ki andhe kA darpaNa se bhI apane rUpa kA jJAna nahIM hotA hai| tAtparya yaha ki mImAMsaka aisA mAnate haiM ki vedavAkya ( puruSa vizeSa ko ) bhUta, bhaviSyat, vartamAna, sUkSma, dUravartI Adi sabhI padArthoM kI jAnakArI karAne meM samartha hai, aisA kahatA huA mImAMsaka samasta padArtha ko jAnane kA svabhAva rakhane vAlA AtmA nahIM mAnatA hai to vaha svastha kaise hai ? mImAMsaka mata meM jJAna AtmA se bhinna nahIM hai| kathaJcit bheda mAnane para dUsarA mata svIkAra karane kA prasaGga AyegA / ataH AtmA kA jJAna svabhAvI honA siddha hai| AtmA ko samasta padArthoM kA jJAnasvabhAvI na mAnoM to samasta padArthoM kI jAnakArI sambhava nahIM hai| veda se samasta padArthoM kA jJAtApana yukta nahIM hai| jo satsvarUpa hai, vaha saba anekAntAtmaka hai, ityAdi vyApti ke jJAna se samasta viSayoM ( agni Adi ) kA jJAna sambhava hai, anyathA aniyata dizA tathA sthAna meM sthita agni kA parijJAna kaise utpanna ho sakatA hai| kevala vaizadya meM hama donoM kA vivAda hai, usameM AvaraNa kA abhAva hI kAraNa hai| jaise raja aura nIhAra (barpha) Adi se AvRtta padArtha kA spaSTa jJAna usake AvaraNa dUra hone para hotA hai / zaGkA-jJAna ke pratibandhaka samasta kAraNa kaise kSoNa ho sakate haiM ? samAdhAna-doSa aura AbaraNa rUpa bhAva tathA dravya karma kahIM para nimUla rUpa se vinAza ko prApta hote haiM, kyoMki inakI bar3hatI huI carama sImA ko prApta hAni dekhI jAto hai| jisakI prakRSyamANa hAni hotI hai, 1. bhaavdrvykrmnnii|
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________________ dvitIya samudezaH 57 mUlaM pralayamupavrajati / yathA'gnipuTapAkApasAritakiTTakAlikAdyantaraGgabahiraGgamaladvayAtmAni hemni malamiti / nirhAsAtizayavatI ca doSAvaraNe' iti / kathaM punarvivAdAdhyAsitasya jJAnasyAvaraNaM siddham, pratiSedhasya vidhipUrvakatvAditi / atrocyate-vivAdApannaM jJAnaM sAvaraNam, vizadatayA svaviSayAnavabodhakatvAd rajonIhArAdyantaritArthajJAnavaditi / na cAtmano'mUrttatvAdAvArakAvRttyayogaH; amUrtAyA api cetnaashktermdiraamdnkodrvaadibhiraavrnnoppttH| na cendri yasyatairAvaraNam, indriyANAmacetanAnAmapyanAvRtaprakhyatvAt smRtyAdipratibandhAyogAt / nApi manasastaMrAvaraNam; AtmavyatirekeNAparasya manaso niSetsyamAnatvAt / tato nAmUrtasyA''varaNAbhAvaH / ato nAsiddhaM tad-grahaNasvabhAvatve sati prakSINapratibandha vaha kahIM para nirmUla pralaya ko prApta hotA hai| jaise agni-puTa ke pAka . se dUra kITa aura kAlimA Adi antaraGga aura bahiraGga ye donoM mala jisake bhItara se aisA suvarNa mala rahita ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra atyanta nirmUla vinAza rUpa atizaya vAle doSa aura AvaraNa haiN| ___ bauddha-vivAdApanna jJAna kA AvaraNa kaise siddha hai ? kyoMki pratiSedha vidhipUrvaka hI hotA hai| jaina-isa viSaya meM kahA jAtA hai-vivAda ko prApta jJAna AvaraNa sahita hai; kyoMki vaha vizada rUpa se apane viSaya ko nahIM jAnatA hai| jaise ki raja aura nIhAra Adi se AcchAdita padArtha kA jJAna vizada rUpa se apane viSaya ko nahIM jAnatA hai| bhATTa-AtmA amUrta hone se usake AvaraNa karane vAloM ( jJAnAvaraNAdi ) kA ayoga hai| jaina-amUrta bhI cetana zakti kA madirA, madanakodrava ( vaha kodoM, jisake khAne se matavAle ho jAte haiM ) Adi se AvaraNa honA pAyA jAtA hai| bhATTa-madirA, madanakodrava Adi se indriyoM kA AvaraNa hotA hai| jaina-acetana indriyoM kA AvaraNa anAvaraNa ke tulya hai| AtmA ke AvaraNa kA abhAva mAnane para madonmatta ke smaraNa ho, cU~ki smaraNa nahIM hotA hai ataH madirAdi se AtmA kA hI AvaraNa siddha hai| bhATTa-madirA Adi se mana kA AvaraNa hotA hai| jaina-AtmA ke atirikta rUpa mana kA hama Age niSedha kreNge| ataH amUrta ke AvaraNa nahIM hotA hai, aisA nahIM hai| ataH tad grahaNa
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________________ 58 prameyaratnamAlAyAM pratyayatvam / nApi viruddham; viparItanizcitAvinAbhAvAbhAvAt / naapynkaantikm| dezataH sAmastyena vA vipakSe vRttyabhAvAt / viparItArthopasthApakapratyakSAgamAsambhavAnna kAlAtyayApadiSTatvam / nApi satpratipakSam; pratipakSasAdhanasya hetorabhAvAt / ____ athedamastyeva-vivAdApannaH puruSo nAzeSajJo vaktRtvAtpuruSatvAtpANyAdimattvAcca; rathyApuruSavaditi / netaccAru; vaktRtvAderasamyagchatutvAt / vaktRtvaM hi dRSTeSTaviruddhArthavaktRtvaM tadaviruddhavaktRtvaM vaktRtvasAmAnyaM trA; gatyantarAbhAvAt / na tAvat prathamaH pakSaH, siddhasAdhyatAnuSaGgAt / nApi dvitIyaH pakSaH; viruddhatvAt / tadaviruddhavaktRtvaM hi jJAnAtizayamantareNa nopapadyata iti / vaktRtvasAmAnyamapi vipakSAviruddhatvAnna prakRtasAdhyasAdhanAyAlam , jJAnAprakarSe vaktRtvApakarSAdarzanAt / svabhAvatva hokara prakSINa pratibandha pratyayatva asiddha nahIM hai, na viruddha hai; kyoMki viparIta ke sAtha nizcita avinAbhAva kA abhAva hai / yaha hetu anaikAntika bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki ekadeza se athavA sarvadeza se usake vipakSa meM rahane kA abhAva hai| ( agni uSNa nahIM hai ityAdi ke samAna) viparIta artha kI sthApanA karane vAle pratyakSa aura Agama pramANa kA abhAva hone se ukta hetu kAlApadiSTa bhI nahIM hai| (pratyakSa aura Agama se bAdhita hone ke kAla ke anantara prayukta hone ke kAraNa kAlAtyayApa. diSTa kahalAtA hai ) / satpratipakSa bhI nahIM hai| kyoMki pratipakSa kA sAdhana karane vAle hetu kA abhAva hai| mImAMsaka-pratipakSa kA sAdhana karane vAlA hetU yahA~ para hI haivivAda ko prApta puruSa sarvajJa nahIM hai; kyoMki vaha vaktA hai, puruSa hai aura hAtha Adi aGgoM kA dhAraka hai, jaise-galI meM ghUmane vAlA puruSa / ___jaina-yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki vaktRtva Adi hetu samyak nahIM haiN| vaktatva kA artha pratyakSa aura anumAna ke viruddha vaktApana Apake abhISTa hai yA aviruddha vaktApana; kyoMki anya vikalpa sambhava nahIM hai| prathama pakSa to ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki siddhasAdhyatA doSa kA prasaGga AtA hai| dUsarA pakSa bhI ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki vaha viruddha hetvAbhAsa rUpa hai| pratyakSa aura anumAna se aviruddha vaktApana jJAnAtizaya ke binA nahIM bana sktaa| vaktRtva sAmAnya bhI vipakSa ( sarvajJa ) kA virodhI na hone se asarvajJatva rUpa sAdhya kA sAdhana karane meM samartha nahIM hai| kyoMki jJAnAtizaya hone para vacana ko hAni nahIM dekhI jAtI hai| pratyuta ( aisA dekhA
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH pratyuta jJAnAtizayavato vacanAtizayasyaiva sambhavAt / etena puruSatvamapi nirastam / puruSatvaM hi rAgAdidoSadUSitam, tadA siddhasAdhyatA / tadadUSitaM tu viruddham vairAgya jJAnAdiguNayuktapuruSatvasyAzeSajJatvamantareNAyogAt / puruSatvasAmAnyaM tu sandigdhavipakSavyAvRttikamiti siddhaM sakalapadArthasAkSAkAritvaM kasyacitpuruSasyAto'numAnAt / iti na 'pramANapaJcakAviSayatvamazeSajJasya / athAsminnanumAne'rhataH sarvavittvamanahato vA? anarhatazcadarhadvAkyamapramANaM syAt / arhatazcetso'pi na zrutyA sAmarthyena vA'vagantu pAryate / svazaktyA dRSTA jAtA hai ki) jo jJAnAtizaya vAle puruSa ke vacanoM kA atizaya sambhava hai| vaktRtva asarvajJapane kA sAdhana hai, isake nirAkaraNa dvArA puruSatva hetu kA bhI nirAkaraNa ho gyaa| puruSatva se tAtparya Apa rAgAdi doSa se dUSita puruSa se hai yA rAgAdi doSa se rahita puruSa se hai yA puruSa sAmAnya se hai| yadi puruSatva kA abhiprAya rAgAdi doSa se dUSita puruSa se hai to siddha sAdhyatA hai| yadi puruSatva se abhiprAya rAgAdi doSa se adUSita puruSa se hai to yaha hetu viruddha hetvAbhAsa ho jAtA hai, kyoMki rAga kA abhAva vItarAgatA ko, dveSa kA abhAva zAnta manovRtti ko tathA moha kA abhAva sarvajJatA ko siddha karatA hai| vairAgya, jJAnAdiguNa yukta puruSapane kA sarvajJatva ke binA yoga nahIM hotA hai| puruSatva sAmAnya saMdigdhavipakSa vyAvRtti hai, kyoMki asarvajJatA kA vipakSa sarvajJatA hai, usakA kisI puruSa meM rahanA sambhava hai| ataH vipakSa se vyAvRtti sandigdha hai| isa prakAra koI puruSa samasta padArthoM kA mAkSAtkArI hai, kyoMki una padArthoM kA grahaNa svabhAvo hokara pratibandha pratyaya ( jJAna ) vAlA hai, isa anumAna se kisI puruSa kA samasta padArtha sAkSAtkAritva siddha hai| ataH sarvajJa pratyakSa, anumAna, Agama, upamAna, arthApatti ina pA~ca pramANoM kA viSaya nahIM hai, aisA nahIM hai| zaMkA-isa anumAna meM sarvajJatva arhat ke hai yA anarhata ( buddhAdi) ke hai ? yadi sarvajJapanA anarhat ke hai to arahanta bhagavAn ke vAkya apramANa ho jaayNge| yadi vaha sarvajJapanA arahanta ke hai to vaha arahanta Agama athavA avinAbhAvitva rUpa sAmarthya se nahIM jAnA jA sktaa| svazakti ( avinAbhAvoliGga) se athavA (timira roga rahita locana 1. pratyakSAnumAnAgamopamAnArthApattipramANapaJcakam /
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM ntAnugraheNa vA hetoH pakSAntare'pi tulyavRttitvAditi / tadetatpareSAM svavadhAya kRtyotthApanam; evaMvidhavizeSapraznasya sarvajJasAmAnyAbhyupagamapUrvakatvAt / anyathA na kasyApyazeSajJatvamityevaM vaktavyam / prasiddhAnumAne'pyasya doSasya sambhavena jAtyuttaratvAcca / tathAhi-nityaH zabdaH, pratyabhijJAyamAnatvAt; ityukte vyApakaH zabdo nityaH prasAdhyate, avyApako vA ? yadyavyApakaH, tadA vyApakatvenopakara mAno na kaJcidathaM puSNAti / atha vyApakaH, so'pi na zru tyA sAmayena vA'vagamyate / svazaktyA dRSTAntAnugraheNa vA pakSAntare'pi tulyavRttitvA. diti siddhamato nirdoSAtsAdhanAdazeSajJatvamiti / yaccAbhAvapramANakavalitasattAkatvamazeSajJa tvasyeti, tadayuktameva; anumAnasya rUpa kA sAkSAtkArI hotA hai, isa prakAra ke ) dRSTAnta ke bala se kaheM to tadgrahaNa svabhAvI hokara prakSINabandha pratyayatva hetu ( hari hara hiraNya garbha Adi ) pakSAntara meM bhI samAna rUpa se rahatA hai| samAdhAna-bhATTa nAmaka asarvajJavAdiyoM kA yaha kathana apane vadha ke 'lie kRtyA ( mAri ) ke uThAne ke samAna hai, kyoMki isa prakAra ke vizeSa 'prazna sarvajJa sAmAnya kI svIkRtipUrvaka hI pUche jA sakate haiM / anyathA 'kisI ke bhI sarvajJapanA nahIM hai aisA kahanA caahie| Apake mata meM ubhayavAdiprasiddha anumAna meM bhI ( ahaMta ke sarvajJapanA hai yA anarhat ke ) yaha doSa sambhava hone se jAti nAma dUSaNa rUpa uttara hotA hai ( asat uttara ko jAti kahate haiN)| prasiddha anumAna meM bhI yaha doSa kaise saMbhava hai ? isakI vyAkhyA karate haiN| zabda nitya hai; kyoMki usakA pratyabhijJAna hotA hai, aisA kahe jAne para vyApaka zabda ke nityatA siddha karate haiM yA avyApaka ke ? yadi avyApaka ke nityatA siddha karate haiM to vyApaka ke rUpa meM kalpanA kiyA gayA zabda kisI artha ko puSTa nahIM karatA hai| yadi vyApaka zabda ke nityatA hai to usakI vyApaka rUpa nityatA zruti aura sAmarthya se nahIM jAnI jAtI hai / svazakti se yA dRSTAnta ke anugraha se kahane para avyApaka nitya zabda rUpa pakSAntara meM bhI hetu kA rahanA samAna hai| isa prakAra ( tad grahaNa svabhAvatve sati prakSINa pratibandha pratyayatvAt rUpa) nirdoSa sAdhana se *sarvajJatA siddha hai| Apane jo kahA ki sarvajJatA kI sattA to abhAva pramANa se kavalita
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH tadgrAhakasya sadbhAve sati pramANapaJcakAbhAvamUlasyAbhAvapramANasyopasthApanAyogAt / gRhItvA vastusadbhAvaM smRtvA ca pratiyoginam / mAnasaM nAstitAjJAnaM jAyate'kSAnapekSayA / / 6 / / iti ca bhAvatkaM darzanam / tathA ca kAlatraya-trilokalakSaNavastusadbhAvagrahaNe'-. nyatrAnyadA gRhItasmaraNe ca sarvajJanAstitAjJAnamabhAvapramANaM yuktam, nAparathA / na ca kasyacidagdizitastrijagatrikAlajJAnamupapadyate, sarvajJasyAtIndriyasya vA / / sarvajJatvaM hi cetodharmatayA'tIndriyam, tadapi na prakRtapuruSa viSayamiti kathamabhAvapramANamudayamAsAdayet ; asarvajJasya tadutpAda-sAmagyA asambhavAt / sambhave vA tathA jJAtureva sarvajJatvamiti / atrAdhunA tadabhAvasAdhanamityapi na yuktama; siddhasAdhyatAnuSaGgAt / tataH siddhaM mukhyamatIndriyajJAnamazeSato vizadam / hai, yaha bAta Thoka nahIM hai, kyoMki jaba sarvajJatA ke grAhaka anumAna kA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai, taba pratyakSAdi pA~ca pramANoM kA abhAva jisakA mala hai, aise abhAva pramANa ke upasthApana kA ayoga hai arthAt abhAva pramANa ko AvazyakatA nahIM hai / zlokArtha-vastu ke sadbhAva ko grahaNa kara ( ghaTa rahita bhUtala ko grahaNa kara ) aura pratiyogI ( ghaTa ) kA smaraNa kara ( bAhya ) indriyoM kI apekSA se rahita mAnasa jJAna hotA hai / / 6 / / aisA Apa logoM kA mata hai| aisA hone para trikAla, trilokavartI samasta vastuoM ke sadbhAva ko grahaNa karane para anyatra- kSetrAntara meM aura anyadA-kAlAntara meM jAte hue sarvajJa kA smaraNa hone para sarvajJa kI nAstitA ko jo jJAta ho, use abhAva pramANa mAnanA yukta hai, anyathA nahIM / kiMcit jAnane vAle ke trikAla kA jJAna nahIM ho sakatA / na vaha sarvajJa aura atIndriya jJAna kA jAnakAra ho sakatA hai / sarvajJatA citta kA dharma hone ke kAraNa atIndriya hai| vaha bhI sAdhAraNa puruSa kA viSaya nahIM ho sktii| ataH abhAva pramANa kI utpatti kaise ho sakatI hai ? asarvajJa ke abhAva pramANa ko utpanna karane vAlI sAmagrI kA milanA asambhava hai| yadi asarvajJa ke sarvadeza aura sarvakAla kA jJAna mAnakara sarvajJa ke abhAva kI pratipAdaka sAmagrI kA sadbhAva sambhava mAnA jAya to jJAtA puruSa ke hI sarvajJatA siddha ho jAtI hai| yahA~ para aba sarvajJa nahIM hai, yadi aisA kahate ho to vaha bhI yukta nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para siddha sAdhyatA
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM sarvajJajJAnasyAtIndriyatvAdazucyAdidarzanaM tadrasAsvAdanadoSo'pi parihRta eva / kathamatIndriyajJAnasya vaizadyamiti cet-yathA satyasvapnajJAnasya bhAvanAjJAnasya ceti / dRzyate hi bhAvanAbalAdataddezavastuno'pi vizadadarzana miti / pihite kArAgAre tamasi ca sUcImukhAgradurbhedye / mayi ca nimIlitanayane tathApi kAntAnanaM vyaktam / / 7 / / iti bahulamupalambhAt / nanu ca nAvaraNavizleSAdazeSajJatvam; api tu tanukaraNabhuvanAdinimittatvena / na cAtra tanvAdonAM buddhimaddha'tukatvamasiddham; anumAnAdestasya suprasiddhatvAt / tathAhi-vimatyadhikaraNabhAvApanna' urvIparvatatarutanvAdikaM buddhimaddhatukam, kAryatvAdacetanopAdAnatvAtsanniveza viziSTatvAdvA vastrAdivaditi / kA prasaGga upasthita hotA hai / ataH siddha huA ki atIndriya aura sampUrNa rUpa se vizada jJAna mukhya pratyakSa hai| sarvajJa jJAna ke atIndriya hone se azuci Adi darzana tathA azuci padArthoM ke rasa ke AsvAdanakA doSa bhI nirAkRta ho gayA / ( indriya jJAna ke hI azacyAdi rasAsvAdana kA doSa hai, atIndriya jJAna ke nhiiN)| atIndriyajJAna ke vaizadya kaise hai ? yadi aisA koI prazna kare to usakA uttara yaha hai ki jaise satya svapnajJAna ke aura bhAvanAjJAna ke sambhava hai| dekhA jAtA hai ki bhAvanA ke bala se bhinna dezavartI bhI vizada darzana pAyA jAtA hai| zlokArtha-kArAgAra kA dvAra banda hai aura andhakAra suI ke agrabhAga se bhI nahIM bhedA jA sakatA hai, maiMne apane netra banda kie hue haiM, phira bhI kAntA kA mukha vyakta hai / / 7 / / / isa prakAra indriya aura padArtha ke sambandha kA abhAva hone para bhI vizadatA kI prApti hotI hai| yoga-AvaraNoM ke alaga hone se sarvajJatA nahIM hotI hai, apitu zarIra, indriya, bhuvana Adi ke nimitta se sarvajJatA hotI hai| yahA~ para zarIra Adi kA buddhimAn puruSa ke nimitta se honA asiddha nahIM hai; kyoMki anumAnAdi pramANoM se usakA honA suprasiddha hai| isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM-vivAda ke viSayabhUta pRthvI, parvata, vRkSa, zarIrAdi buddhi maddhetuka haiM; kyoMki ve kArya haiN| kyoMki unakA upAdAna acetana hai; kyoMki vastrAdi ke samAna unakI racanA vizeSa hai| Agama bhI usa buddhimAn puruSa kA 1. vividhA matayo vimatayaH, vimatInAmadhikaraNaM tasya bhAvamApannaM prAptaM vima__tyadhikaraNabhAvApannam, vivAdApannamityarthaH /
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH Agamo'pi tadAvedakaH zrayatevizvatazcakSu ruta vizvato mukho vizvato bAhuruta vizvataH pAt / sambAhubhyAM dhamati sampatattrAvAbhamI janayan deva' ekaH / / 8 // tathA vyAsavacanaJca ajJo janturanIzo'yamAtmanaH sukhaduHkhayoH / Izvaraprerito gacchetsvarga vA zvabhrameva vA // 9 // na cAcetanareva paramANvAdikAraNaiH paryAptatvAd buddhimataH kAraNasyAnarthakyam; acetanAnAM svayaM kAryotpattI vyApArAyogAtturyAdivat / na caivaM cetanasyApi cetanAntarapUrvakatvAdanavasthA; tasya sakalapuruSa jyeSThatvAnniratizayatvAtsarvajJabIjasya klezakarmavipAkAzayaraparAmRSTa tvAdanAdibhUtAnazvarajJAnasambhavAcca / yadAha pataJjali: "klezakarmavipAkAzayaraparAmaSTaH puruSavizeSa IzvaraH / tatra niratizayaM sarvajJabIjam / sa pUrveSAmapi guruH, kAlenAnavicchedAditi ca // " / kathana karane vAlA sunA jAtA hai zlokArtha-vaha saba ora netra vAlA hai, saba ora mukha vAlA hai, saba ora bhujAoM vAlA hai, saba ora paira vAlA hai, vaha puNya-pApa rUpa sambAhuoM se saMyojana karatA hai, aura jo paramANuoM se dhuloka aura bhUmi ko utpanna karatA huA ekadeva (Izvara ) hai // 8 // vyAsa ke vacana bhI Izvara ke poSaka haiM zlokArtha-yaha ajJa prANI apane sukha-duHkha kA svAmI nahIM hai / vaha Izvara se prerita hokara kabhI svarga ko jAtA hai, kabhI naraka ko // 9 // ____ acetana paramANu Adi kAraNoM ke paryApta hone se buddhimAn kAraNa kI anarthakatA hai, aisA nahIM hai| acetanoM ke svayaM kAryotpatti meM vyApAra kA ayoga hai-turyAdi ke samAna / isa prakAra cetana bhI anya cetana pUrvaka hone se anavasthA doSa nahIM AtmA hai, kyoMki sarvajJatA kA bIja vaha samasta puruSoM meM jyeSTha hai aura atizayoM kI paramaprakarSatA se rahita hai, tathA kleza, karma, vipAka aura Azaya se rahita hai aura usake anAdibhUta avinazvara jJAna pAyA jAtA hai| jaisA ki pataJjali ne yogasUtra meM kahA hai kleza, karma, vipAka aura Azaya se sarvathA rahita puruSavizeSa Izvara hai| vaha niratizaya sarvajJa-bIja hai| vaha pUNe (hiraNyagarbhAdi ) kA bhI guru hai| kyoMki usakA kAla kI apekSA viccheda nahIM hotA hai| 1. IzvaraH /
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM aizvaryamapratihataM sahajo virAgastRptinisargajanitAvazitendriyeSu / AtyantikaM sukhamanAvaraNA ca zaktirjJAnaM ca sarvaviSayaM bhagavaMstavaiva // 10 // ityavadhUtavacanAcca / na cAtra kAryatvamasiddham sAvayavatvena kaarytvsiddheH| nApi viruddham, vipakSa vizeSa-avidyA, asmitA, rAga, dveSa aura abhiniveza kleza haiM / inameM se viparIta jJAna avidyA hai| anitya, azaci aura duHkhAtmaka vastuoMmeM nitya, zuci aura sukharUpa jJAna avidyA hai, nityAdi cAra meM anityAdi catuSTaya buddhi, pApAdi meM puNyabaddhi bhI vivakSita hai| kyoMki ve bhI saMsAra kI hetu avidyA svarUpa haiN| aho, maiM hU~, isa prakAra kA abhimAna asmitA hai, daSTi aura darzana ko zakti kI ekAtmatA asmitA hai| rAga aura dveSa, sukha aura duHkha tathA unake sAdhanoM ke rUpa meM prasiddha hai| sukhAnuzayI rAga hai| sukha aura sukha ke sAdhana mAtra viSayaka kleza rAga hai / duHkhAnuzayI dveSa hai / Apta aura Izvara ke bhaGga kA bhaya aura durAgraha kA nAma abhiniveza hai| svarasavAhI vidvAn kA bhI usa prakAra ArUr3ha honA abhiniveza hai| apane saMskAra se hI jo le jAtA hai use svarasavAhI kahate haiN| bhaya avidvAn ke samAna vidvAn ke bhI svarasavAhI hetu se prasiddha hai| yahI abhiniveza hai / azvamedha brahmahatyAdika karma haiN| karma ke phala vipAka haiN| karma ke phala rUpa jAti, Ayu aura bhoga ko vipAka kahate haiN| devatva, manuSyatvAdi jAti hai| prANa nAmaka vAyu kA kAla kI apekSA parimita sambandha Ayu hai| sva se samaveta sukha duHkha kA sAkSAtkAra bhoga hai| jJAnAdi kI vAsanA Azaya hai| saMsAra se vAsita citta kA pariNAma Azaya hai| jaba taka nivRtti nahIM ho jAtI taba taka jo AtmA meM zayana karatA hai, use Azaya kahate haiN| avadhUta ke vacana bhI isa viSaya meM pramANa haiM-- zlokArtha-he bhagavan ! ApakA aizvarya apratihata hai, virAga svAbhAvika hai, tRpti svAbhAvika hai, indriyoM meM vazitA hai, ApakA sukha vinAza rahita hai, zakti anAvaraNa hai, tathA jJAna sarvaviSayaka hai / / 10 // tanu Adi meM kAryatvapanA asiddha nahIM hai| sAvayava hone se kAryatva kI siddhi hotI hai| vizeSa-pRthivI Adi samavAyi, asamavAyi aura nimitta tIna kAraNoM se utpanna haiM; kyoMki ve vastrAdi ke samAna kArya haiN| cAra prakAra ke paramANu samavAyikAraNa haiM, paramANuoM kA saMyoga asamavAyikAraNa hai,
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH vRttyabhAvAt / nApyanakAntikam ; vipakSe paramANvAdAvapravRtteH / pratipakSasiddhinibandhanasya sAdhanAntarasyAbhAvAnna prakaraNasamam / atha 'tanvAdikaM buddhimaddhetukaM na bhavati, dRSTakartRkaprAsAdAdivilakSaNatvAdAkAzavat' ityastyeva pratipakSasAdhanamiti / netadyuktam; hetorasiddhatvAt sannivezaviziSTatvena prAsAdAdisamAnajAtIyatvena tanvAdInAmupalambhAt / atha yAdRzaH prAsAdAdau sannivezavizeSo dRSTo na tAdRzastanvAdIviti cenna; sarvAtmanA sadRzasya kasyacidapyabhAvAt / sAtizayasannivezo hi sAtizayaM kartAraM gamayati, prAsAdAdivat / na ca dRSTakartRkatvAdRSTakartRkatvAbhyAM buddhimannimittetaratvasiddhiH, kRtrimarmaNimuktAphalAdibhirvyabhicArAt / Izvara, AkAza, kAla nimitta kAraNa haiM, kyoMki ye anAdi nidhana haiM aura Adi tathA anta se rahita haiM, ityAdi anumAna meM kAryatva asiddha nahIM hotA hai| pRthivI Adi kArya haiM; kyoMki sAvayava haiN| jo sAvayava hotA hai, vaha kArya hotA hai, jaise-mahala Adi / cUMki yaha sAvayava hai / ataH kArya hai| tanu Adi meM kAryatva hetu viruddha bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki buddhimannimittakatva rUpa sAdhya vipakSa ( abuddhimannimittaka nitya paramANu Adi meM ) nahIM rahatA hai| vipakSa paramANu Adi meM pravRtta nahIM hone se yaha hetu anaikAntika bhI nahIM hai| pratipakSa kI siddhi jisameM kAraNa hai, aise anya sAdhana ke abhAva ke kAraNa yahA~ prakaraNasama bhI nahIM hai| zaGkA-zarIra Adi buddhimanimittaka nahIM hote haiM; kyoMki jinakA kartA dikhAI detA hai aise prAsAdAdi se ve vilakSaNa haiM, jaise-AkAza / isa prakAra yahA~ pratipakSa kA sAdhana hai hii| samAdhAna-yaha ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki yahA~ hetu asiddha hai; kyoMki racanA vizeSa ke kAraNa prAsAdAdi ke samAnajAtIya zarIrAdi kI upalabdhi hotI hai| zaGkA-prAsAdAdi kI jaisI racanAvizeSa dikhAI detI hai, vaisI tanuAdi kI nahIM hotI hai| ____samAdhAna-aisA nahIM hai| jo saba prakAra se dUsare ke samAna ho, aisI kisI bhI vastu kA abhAva hai| sAtizaya racanA sAtizaya kartA kA jJAna karAtI hai| jaise-praasaadaadi| jinakA kartA dikhAI detA hai aura jinakA kartA dikhAI nahIM detA hai, ina donoM meM buddhimannimitta aura abuddhimanimitta kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai, anyathA kRtrima maNi muktAphalAdi 1. racanAvizeSa /
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM etenAcetanopAdAnatvAdikamapi samarthitamiti sUktaM buddhimaddhetukatvam, tatazca sarvaveditvamiti / tadetatsarvamanumAnamudrAdraviNadaridravacanameva, kAryatvAderasamyagghetutvena tajjanita. jJAnasya mithyArUpatvAt / tathAhi-kAryatvaM svakAraNasattAsamavAyaH syAt, abhUtvAbhAvitvam, akriyAdarzino'pi kRtabuddhayutpAdakatvam, kAraNavyApArAnuvidhAyitvaM vA syAt, gatyantarAbhAvAt / athAdyaH pakSastadA yoginAmazeSakarmakSaye pakSAntaHpAtini hetoH kAryatvalakSaNa. syApravRtta gAsiddhatvam / na ca tatra sattAsamavAyaH svakAraNasamavAyo vA samasti; tatprakSayasya pradhvaMsarUpatvena sattAsamavAyayorabhAvAt, sattAyA dra vyaguNakriyA''dhAra se vyabhicAra AtA hai| isa prakAra kAryatva hetu ke samarthana se acetanopAdAnatva Adi kA samarthana hotA hai| isa prakAra buddhimanimittatva aura usase sarvajJapanA ThIka hI kahA hai| __ jaina-yaha saba kathana anumAna mudrA rUpa dhana se rahita daridra puruSa ke vacana ke samAna hai, kyoMki kAryatva Adi asamyaka hetu haiM, ataH unase janita jJAna bhI mithyA rUpa hI hai| vaha isa prakAra hai-(cAra vikalpa kara pUchate haiM ) ? svakAraNa ( niSpAdya vastu kA kAraNa ) sattA samavAya ( sattA se milana) ko kAryatva kahate haiM yA abhUtvAbhAvitva ko yA akriyAdarzI ke kRtabuddhyutpAdakatva (kisI ke karane ko buddhi utpanna honA ) ko athavA ( paramANvAdi ) kAraNa vyApArAnuvidhAyitva ( vyApAra ke anusAra kArya honA ) ko kAryatva kahate haiM ? kyoMki inase bhinna anya gati kA abhAva hai| yadi Apako Adya pakSa svIkAra hai to 'yogiyoM ke samasta karmoM kA kSaya' ke pakSa ke antargata A jAne para hetU kAryatva lakSaNa ke pravRtta na hone para bhAgAsiddha nAmaka doSa AtA hai| arthAt tanu karaNabhuvanAdi pakSa ke antarvartI hone para yogiyoM ke samasta karmoM ke pradhvaMsAbhAvarUpatA ke kAraNa svakAraNa sattA samavAya lakSaNa kArya rUpa hetu kI pravRtti yukta nahIM hai| pakSa ke antargata Ane vAle parvatAdi meM svakAraNa sattA samavAya ke pravRtta hone para aura samasta karmoM ke kSaya ke pravRtta na hone para svakAraNa sattA samavAya lakSaNa hetu pakSa ke ekadeza meM asiddha hai| karmakSaya kArya meM na to sattA samavAya hai aura na svakAraNa samavAya hai| yogiyoM 1. ayutasiddhAnAmAdhAryAdhArabhUtAnAmihedaMpratyayaliGgo yaH sambandha : sa samavAyaH /
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH svAbhyanujJAnAt', samavAyasya ca parairdravyAdipaJcapadArthavRttitvAbhyupagamAt / __ athAbhAvaparityAgena bhAvasyaiva vivAdAdhyAsitasya pakSIkaraNAnnAyaM doSaH pravezabhAgiti cettahi mukyarthinAM tadarthamIzvarArAdhanamanarthakameva syAt, tatra tasyAkiJcitkaratvAt / sattAsamavAyasya vicAramadhirohataH zatadhA vizoryamANatvAt svarUpAsiddhaM ca kAryatvam / sa hi samutpannAnAM bhavedutpadyamAnAnAM vA ? yadyutpannAnAm; satAmasatAM [vA] ? na tAvadasatAm, kharaviSANAderapi tatprasaGgAt / satAM cet sattAsamavAyAt svato vA ? na tAvatsattAsamavAyAt, anavasthAprasaGgAt, prAguktavikalpaDhayAnativRtteH / svataH satAM tu sattAsamavAyAnArthakyam / __ athotpadyamAnAnAM sattAsambandha-niSThAsambandhayorekakAlatvAbhyupagamAditi matama, kA karmakSaya pradhvaMsAbhAva rUpa hai ataH usake sAtha sattA aura samavAya kA abhAva hai / Apa logoM ne sattA ko dravya, guNa aura kriyA kA AdhAra mAnA hai tathA samavAya ko dravya, guNa, karma, sAmAnya aura vizeSa ina pA~ca padArthoM meM rahane vAlA mAnA hai / yauga-abhAva kA parityAga kara vivAda ko prApta bhAva ko hI pakSa batAne se yaha doSa nahIM hai| jaina-mokSa ke cAhane vAloM kA aisI sthiti meM mokSa ke lie Izvara kI ArAdhanA karanA nirarthaka hogA; kyoMki mokSa ko cAhane vAle ke samasta karmoM kA kSaya hone para Izvara kI ArAdhanA nirarthaka hogii| sattA samavAya rUpa hetu ko vicAra zreNI para car3hAne se vaha saikar3oM rUpoM meM chinnabhinna ho jAtA hai, ataH kAryatva hetu svarUpAsiddha hai| sattA samavAya utpanna hue padArthoM ke hai athavA utpadyamAna padArthoM ke hai ? yadi utpanna hetu padArthoM ke hai to ve padArtha sat haiM yA asat ? yadi samutpanna asat padArthoM ke sattA samavAya hai to vaha kharaviSANAdi ke bhI hogA; kyoMki donoM meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| yadi sat padArthoM ke sattA samavAya kahoge to vaha sattA samavAya anya sattA samavAya se hai yA svataH ? anya sattA samavAya se mAnane para anavasthA doSa AtA hai| pahale kahe gaye donoM vikalpa yahA~ bhI hoNge| svataH satoM ke mAnane para sattA samavAya anarthaka ho jAtA hai| yoga-utpadyamAna padArthoM kA sattA sambandha aura niSThA sambandha ina donoM kA eka ho kAla svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| 1. aGgIkaraNAt / -
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM tadA sattAsambandha utpAdAdbhinnaH kiM vA'bhinna iti ? yadi bhinnastadotpattarasattvAvizeSAdutpattyabhAvayoH kiMkRto bhedaH ? athotpattisamAkrAntavastusattvenotpattirapi tathA vyapadizyata iti matam, tadapi atijADyavalpitameva, utpattisattvaprativivAde vastusattvasyAtidurghaTatvAt, itaretarAzrayadoSazceti utpattisattve vastuni tadekakAlInasattAsambandhAvagamaH, tadavagame ca tatratyasattvenotpattisattvanizcaya iti / athaitadoSaparijihIrSayA tayoraikyamabhyanujJAyate, tarhi tatsambandha eva kAryatvamiti / tato buddhimaddhetukatve gaganAdibhiranekAntaH / etena svakAraNasambandho'pi cintitH| athobhayasambandhaH kAryatvamiti matiH, sApi na yuktA; tatsambandhasyApi kAdAcikatve samavAyasyAnityatvaprasaGgAt ghaTAdivat / akAdAcitkatve srvdoplmbhprsNgH| atha vastUtpAdakakAraNAnAM jaina-taba sattA sambandha utpAda se bhinna hai yA abhinna ? yadi bhinna hai taba utpatti se asattva meM koI vizeSatA nahIM rho| phira utpatti aura abhAva meM kyA bheda rhaa| yoga-utpatti se yukta vastu ke sattva se utpatti ko bhI sat rUpa vyavahAra kara diyA jAtA hai| __ jaina-yaha kahanA ati jar3a puruSa kI bakavAda ke samAna hai| utpatti ke satva meM vivAda hone para vastu kA sattva mAnanA atyanta durghaTa hai| aisA mAnane para itaretarAzraya nAmaka doSa bhI AtA hai| utpatti ke samaya vastuoM meM sattA sambandha kI jAnakArI ho aura vastu sattva kI jAnakArI hone para taba vastusattva ke dvArA utpatti sattva kA nizcaya ho| yadi uparyukta doSa kA parihAra karane kI icchA se Apa utpatti aura sattA sambandha meM ekatA mAnate ho to usa sattA kA sambandha ho kAryatva siddha huaa| taba sattA sambandha rUpa kArya se buddhimaddhetukatva sAdhya mAnane para AkAzAdi ke dvArA anekAntika doSa prApta hotA hai| sattA samavAya sambandha ke nirAkaraNa se svakAraNa sambandha kA bhI vicAra kiyA gayA samajhanA caahiye| yadi svakAraNa samavAya aura sattA samavAya, isa prakAra ubhaya sambandha kAryatva hai, aisA mAnoM to bhI ThIka nahIM hai| tanakaraNAdi ke ubhaya sambandha ko bhI yadi kAdAcitka mAneMge to ghaTAdi ke samAna samavAya ke anityatA kA prasaMga AtA hai / yadi akadAcitka ( sadA hone vAlA ) kaheMge to tanukaraNAdi kAryoM ke bhI sarvadA pAye jAne kA prasaMga AtA hai|
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH sannidhAnAbhAvAnna sarvadopalambhaprasaMgaH / nanu vastUtpatyarthaM kAraNAnAM vyApAraH, utpAdazca svakAraNasattAsamavAyaH, sa ca sarvadApyasti, iti tadarthaM kAraNopAdAnamanarthakameva syAt / abhivyakttyarthaM tadupAdAnamityapi vArtam; vastUtpAdApekSayA abhivyakteraghaTanAt / vastvapekSayA'bhivyaktI kAraNasampAtAtprAgapi kAryavastusadbhAvaprasaGgAt / utpAdasyApyabhivyaktirasambhAvyA; svakAraNasattAsambandhalakSaNasyotpAdasyApi kAraNavyApArAtprAk sadbhAve vastusadbhAvaprasaMgAt; tallakSaNatvAdvastusattvasya / prAk sata eva hi kenacit tirohitasyAbhivyaJjakenAbhivyaktiH, tamastirohitasya ghaTasyeva pradIpAdineti / tannAbhivyaktyarthaM kAraNopAdAnaM yuktam / tanna svakAraNasattAsambandhaH kAryatvam / nApyabhUtvAbhAvitvam, tasyApi vicArAsahatvAt / abhUtvAbhAvitvaM hi bhinna vastu ke utpAdaka kAraNoM ke sannidhAna ke abhAva se kAryoM ke sarvadA hone kA prasaMga nahIM AegA, yadi aisA kaheM to jainoM kA kahanA hai ki vastu kI utpatti ke lie kAraNoM kA vyApAra hotA hai aura utpAda sva kAraNa sattA samavAya rUpa hai, vaha sarvadA hai hI ? isa prakAra vastu ko utpatti ke lie kAraNoM kA upAdAna karanA anarthaka hogaa| vastu ke kAraNoM kA grahaNa kArya kI abhivyakti ke lie Avazyaka hai, yaha kathana bhI asatya hai; kyoMki vastu ke utpAda kI apekSA abhivyakti kA kathana ghaTita nahIM hotaa| yadi vastu kI apekSA se abhivyakti mAnI jAya to kAraNa ke samAgama se pahale bhI kArya rUpa vastu ke sadbhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai| utpAda kI abhivyakti bhI asambhAvya hai; kyoMki svakAraNa sattA sambandha lakSaNa rUpa utpAda ke bhI kAraNa vyApAra se pUrva sadbhAva mAnane para vastu ke sadbhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai; kyoMki sattva kA lakSaNa svakAraNa sattA sambandha hai| jo vastu pahale sat ho, bAda meM kisI se tirohita ho jAya to usakI abhivyaJjaka kAraNoM se abhivyakti hotI hai| jaise andhakAra se tirohita ghaTa kI pradIpa Adi se abhivyakti hotI hai| ataH abhivyakti ke lie kAraNoM kA upAdAna karanA yukta nahIM hai / ataH svakAraNa sattA sambandha rUpa kAryatva siddha nahIM hotA hai| abhUtvAbhAvitva ko bhI kAryatva nahIM kaha sakate; kyoMki vaha bho vicArasaha nahIM hai| (naiyAyika loga asatkAryavAdI haiM, unake mata meM paramANu Adi kAraNoM meM sarvathA asat hI dvayaNukAdi kArya utpanna hote
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM kAlakriyAdvayAdhikaraNabhUte kartari siddha siddhimadhyAste; ktvAntapadavizeSitavAkyArthatvAd bhuktvA bajatItyAdivAkyArthavat / na cAtra bhavanA bhavanayorAdhArabhUtasya katuranubhavo'sti abhavanAdhArasyAvidyamAnatvena bhavanAdhArasya ca vidyamAnatayA bhAvAbhAvayorekAzrayavirodhAt / avirodhe ca tayoH paryAyamAtreNaiva bhedo na vAstava iti / astu vA yathAkathaJcidabhUtvAbhAvitvam, tathApi tanvAdau sarvatrAnabhyupagamAd bhAgAsiddham / na hi mahI-mahIdharAkUpArArAmAdayaH prAgabhUtvA bhavanto'bhyupagamyante paraH, teSAM taiH sarvadA'vasthAnAbhyupagamAt' / atha sAvayavatvena teSAmapi sAditvaM haiM ) abhUtvAbhAvitva bhinnakAlavartI do kriyAoM ke adhikaraNa bhUta kartA ke siddha ho jAne para hI siddhi ko prApta ho sakatA hai; kyoMki ktvA pratyaya jisake anta meM hai, aise vAkya ke artha rUpa hai / jaise "bhuktvA vrajati' arthAt bhojana karake jAtA hai, ityAdi vAkya kA artha hai| ( yahA~ bhojana kriyA atIta rUpA hai| jaise-yahA~ bhinnakAlAdhikaraNabhUta kartA devadatta ke hone para hI bhojana karake jAtA hai, yaha yukta hai, usI prakAra abhavana aura bhavana donoM kriyAoM ke adhikaraNabhUta kartA kA anubhava nahIM hai / ) yahA~ para vidyamAna aura avidyamAna do kriyAoM kA AdhArabhUta kartA kA anubhava nahIM hai| abhavana kriyA kA AdhAra avidyamAna hone bhavana kriyA kA AdhAra vidyamAna hone se bhAva aura abhAva kriyA ke eka Azraya kA virodha hai| yaha doSa bhAvavAdiyoM kA hI hai, syAdvAdiyoM kA nahIM; unake yahA~ abhAva bhI bhAvAntara rUpa hai| vastU bhAvAbhAvAtmaka mAnI gaI hai| eka Azraya hone para yadi bhAva aura abhAva meM virodha na ho to una donoM meM nAma mAtra kA bheda rahegA, vAstavika nhiiN| athavA jisa kisI prakAra abhUtvAbhAvitva mAna bhI liyA jAya tathApi tanu Adi saba jagaha svIkAra na karane se bhAgAsiddha ho jaaygaa| hama ( jaina ) loga pRthivI, parvata, kuA~, udyAna Adi ko pahale nahIM hokara hote hue nahIM mAnate haiM; kintu inakA hamane sarvadA hI avasthAna mAnA hai| ( kAla, sarvajJanAtha, jIva, loka tathA Agama ye sabhI anAdinidhana hokara dravya rUpa meM sthita haiN| ) yadi sAvayava hone ke kAraNa una pRthvI, parvatAdikoM kA bhI sAditva siddha kiyA jAtA hai to yaha bhI azikSita vyakti 1. kAlaH sarvajJanAthazca jIvo lokastathA''gamaH / anAdinidhanA hyate dravyarUpeNa saMsthitAH // 1 //
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH 71 prasAdhyate, tadapyazikSitalakSitam avayaveSu vRtteravayavairArabhyatvena ca sAvayavatvA. nuppttH| prathamapakSe sAvayavasAmAnyanAnekAntAt / dvitIyapakSe sAdhyAviziSTatvAt / atha sanniveza eva sAvayavatvam, tacca ghaTAdivat pRthivyAdAvupalabhyata ityabhUtvAbhAvitvamabhidhIyate / tadapyapezalam; sannivezasyApi vicArAsahatvAt / sa hi avayavasambandho bhaved racanAvizeSo vA ? yadyavayavasambandhastadA gaganAdinA'nekAntaH; sakalamUttimadravyasaMyoganibandhanapradezanAnAtvasya sadbhAvAt / athopacaritA eva tatra pradezA iti cettahi sakalamUttimad-dra vyasambandhasyApyupacaritatvAt sarvagatatvamapyupacaritaM syAt ; zrotrasyArthakriyAkAritvaM ca na syAdupacaritapradezarUpatvAt / dharmAdinA saMskArAttataH setyuktam / upacaritasyAsadrUpasya tenopakArAyogAt , kharaviSANasyeva / tato na kiJcidetat / atha racanAvizeSastadA para ke kathana ke samAna hai| avayavoM meM avayavI rahe athavA avayavoM se prArambha kiye jAne, donoM ho prakAra se sAvayavapanA nahIM banatA hai| prathama pakSa ke mAnane para sAvayava sAmAnya se anekAnta doSa AtA hai| dvitIya pakSa meM sAdhyasama hai ( kyoMki avayavoM se Arabhyatva aura kAryatva ina donoM kA artha samAna hI hai)| yadi sanniveza hI sAvayavatva ho aura vaha ghaTAdi ke samAna pRthvI Adika meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai| yaha kathana bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki sanniveza ke bhI vicAra kA asahapanA hai arthAt vicAra karane para vaha koI vastu nahIM tthhrtaa| prazna hai ki avayavoM ke sAtha sambandha hone kA nAma sanniveza hai athavA racanAvizeSa kA nAma sanniveza hai ? yadi avayava sambandha kA nAma sanniveza hai to AkAzAdi se anekAnta doSa AtA hai; kyoMki samasta mUrtimAn dravyoM ke saMyoga kA kAraNa pradezoMkA nAnAtva AkAzAdi meM pAyA jAtA hai| yadi kaheM ki AkAzAdi meM to pradeza upacarita haiM, taba to samasta mUtika dravyoM kA sambandha bhI upacarita hone se AkAza sarvavyApakatA upacarita ho jAyagI aura zrotra ke arthakriyAkAritA bhI nahIM rahegI arthAt zrota zabda kA grAhaka nahIM rahegA; kyoMki AkAza ke pradeza upacarita haiN| yadi kaho ki pavitra auSadhAdi tathA sukha duHkha kA anubhava karAne vAlA dharmAdharma viziSTa nabho pradeza hI zrotra ke rUpa meM mAnA gayA hai to hamArA kahanA hai ki upacarita asadrapa dharmAdharma se kiso prakAra kA upakAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| jaise gadhe ke sIMga kA kisI padArtha se kucha upakAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ataH avayava sambandha rUpa
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________________ 72 prameyaratnamAlAyAM mprati bhAgAsiddhatvaM tadavasthameveti nAbhUtvAbhAvitvaM vicAraM sahate / ___ nApyakriyAdarzino'pi kRtabuddhA tpAdakatvam; taddhi kRtasamayasthAdakRtasamayasya vA bhavet ? kRtamamayasya ced gaganAderapi buddhimaddhetukatvaM syAt ; tatrApi khananotsecanAt kRtamiti gRhItasaMketasya kRtabuddhisambhavAt / sA mithyeti cedbhavadIyApi kiM na syAt; bAdhAsadbhAvasya pratipramANavirodhasya cAnyatrApi samAnatvAt , pratyakSeNobhayatrApi karturagrahaNAt / kSityAdikaM buddhimaddhatukaM na bhavati; asmadAdyanavagrAhyaparimANAdhAratvAd gaganAdivaditi pramANasya sAdhAraNatvAt / tanna kRtasamayasya kRtabuddhayutpAdakatvam / nApyakRtasamayasya; asiddhatvAdavipratipattiprasaGgAcca / sanniveza kucha bhI vastu siddha nahIM hotA hai| yadi racanA vizeSa mAneM to jainoM ke prati bhAgAsiddhatA pUrvavat ho jAyagI ( kyoMki mahIdharAdi kI Adi hai, kyoMki ve ghaTa ke samAna sAvayava haiM, yahA~ cUMki sukhAdi racanAvizeSa nahIM hai, ataH bhAgAsiddhapanA hai ) / isa prakAra abhUtvAbhAvitva vicAra ko nahIM sahatA hai arthAt vicAra karane para ThIka nahIM ThaharatA hai| kArya ko nahIM mAnane vAle akriyAdarzI ke yahA~ bhI kRtabuddhyutpAdakatvalakSaNa kAryapanA bhI pRthivI Adi ke buddhimannimittakatva rUpa sAdhya kI siddhi karane meM samartha nahIM hai| kRta buddhi saGketa grahaNa karane vAlI ke hogI yA jisane saGketa grahaNa nahIM kiyA hai, usake hogii| yadi saGketa grahaNa karane vAle ke hogI to AkAzAdi bho buddhimAn dvArA kie gae siddha hoMge; kyoMki miTTI ke khodane aura nikAlane se yaha gaDDhA hamane banAyA, isa prakAra ke saGkata ko grahaNa karane vAle ke kRtabuddhi kA honA sambhava hai| gaganAdi meM jo kRtabuddhi hai, vaha yadi mithyA hai to Apake bhI zarIrAdi meM jo kRtabuddhi hai, vaha bhI kyoM mithyA nahIM hogI ? kyoMki ( AkAza nitya hai, kyoMki vaha samavAya ke samAna sat aura akAraNavAn hai, isa prakAra kI ) bAdhA kA sadbhAva aura prati pramANa kA virodha to tanukaraNAdika meM bhI samAna hai| arthAt yadi Apa kahate haiM ki AkAza Adi meM yadi kRtabuddhyutpAdakatva kA bAdhaka pramANa hai to vaha bAdhaka pramANa anyatra tanu Adi meM bho hai hI; kyoMki pratyakSa se donoM jagaha kartA kA grahaNa nahIM hotA hai| pRthvI Adi buddhimannimittaka nahIM haiN| kyoMki hamAre jaise logoM ke dvArA usakA parimANa aura AdhAra grahaNa nahIM hotA hai| jaise AkAza Adi isa prakAra kA pramANa donoM jagaha sAdhAraNa hai| ataH jisane saMketa grahaNa kiyA hai, aise puruSa ke kRtabuddhi kA utpAdakapanA nahIM banatA hai aura jisane saMketa grahaNa nahIM kiyA hai, .
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH 73 kAraNavyApArAnuvidhAyitvaM ca kAraNamAtrApekSayA yadISyate tadA viruddha sAdha. nam / kAraNavizeSApekSayA ceditaretarAzrayatvam - siddhe hi kAraNavizaSe buddhimati tadapekSayA kAraNavyApArAnuvidhAyitvaM kaarytvm| tatastadvizeSasiddhiriti / sannivezaviziSTatvamacetanopAdAnatvaM coktadoSaduSTatvAnna pRthak cintyate; svarUpabhAgAsiddhatvAdestatrApi sulabhatvAt / aise bhI puruSa ke kRtabuddhyutpAdakatva nahIM banatA hai| binA saMketa grahaNa kiye kRtabuddhi kA utpanna honA asiddha hai ( yaha ghaTa hai, paTa nahIM hai, isa prakAra kI vipratipatti hai parantu agahIta saMketa vAle kI usa prakAra kI vipratipatti nahIM hai ) / niHsandehapane kA bhI prasaMga upasthita hotA hai| yadi kRtasaMketa ke jaise kRtabuddhi sambhava hai, usa prakAra akRtasaMketa ke bhI kRtabuddhi sambhava ho to phira kisI prakAra kA vivAda hI na ho| cUMki vivAda hai ataH vivAda nahIM hone kA prasaMga doSa yukta hai| kAraNavyApArAnuvidhAyitva ( kAraNa ke vyApAra ke anusAra kArya honA ) yadi kAraNa kI apekSA se iSTa hai to sAdhana viruddha hai| ( kyoMki vipakSIbhUta abuddhimannimittaka vastu vartamAna hai / Izvara nAmaka iSTa vizeSa kAraNa kI siddhi na hone se viruddha sAdhana hai)| yadi kAraNa vizeSa ko apekSA vyApArAnuvidhAyitva kaheM to itaretarAzraya doSa AtA hai / buddhimAna kAraNa vizeSa ke siddha hone para usakI apekSA kAraNavyApArAnuvidhAyitva rUpa kAryatva siddha ho, taba usakI apekSA se kAraNavizeSa buddhimaddhetukatva kI siddhi ho| sannivezaviziSTatva aura acetanopAdAnatva ye donoM uparyukta doSa se dUSita haiM, ataH unakA pRthak vicAra nahIM kiyA jAtA hai, kyoMki unameM bhI bhAgAsiddhatva Adi doSa sulabha haiN| sukhAdi se bhAgAsiddhatva-sukhAdi meM racanAvizeSatva nahIM hai, kAryatva hai| buddhi mannimittatva bhI 'aMkurAdika kisI kartA sahita haiM arthAt kartA ke dvArA banAe gae haiM, kyoMki unakA upAdAna acetana hai| yahA~ para cetanopAdana ke jJAna kArya meM pravRtta na hone se acetanopAdAna rUpa hetU ke bhAgAsiddhapanA hai| kahIM para jJAna lakSaNa rUpa kArya meM sacetana upAdAna hone se bhAgAsiddhapanA hai| (zarIrAdi buddhimannimittaka haiM; kyoMki kArya haiN| jaise-ghtt| yahA~ para jaise ghar3A buddhimAn kumbhakAra ke dvArA banAyA gayA hai| vaha kumbhakAra bhI sazarIrI aura asarvajJa hai| usI prakAra samasta kAryoM kA kAraNa niyata hai| dRSTAnta ke sAmarthya se tanu Adi kArya bhI sazarIra, asarvajJa truddhi
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________________ 74 prameyaratnamAlAyAM - viruddhAzcAmI hetavo dRSTAntAnugraheNa sazarIrAsarvajJapUrvakatvasAdhanAt / na dhUmAtpAvakAnumAne'pyayaM doSaH, tatra tANa-pArNAdivizeSAdhArAgnimAtravyAptadhUmasya darzanAta / naivamatra sarvajJAsarvajJakartRvizeSAdhikaraNatatsAmAnyena kAryatvasya vyAptiH, sarvajJasya karturato'numAnAtprAgasiddhatvAt / mannimittaka ho jAyeMge, isa prakAra iSTa ke viruddha sAdhya kI siddhi karane para viruddha sAdhana doSa hai| tathA vidyut Adi se vyabhicAra AtA hai|) kAryatva, sanniveza viziSTatva aura acetanopAdAna rUpa tIna hetu viruddha bhI haiM, kyoMki inase sazarorI, asarvajJa kartA kI siddhi hotI hai| (naiyAyika kahatA hai ki dRSTAnta ke sAmarthya se yadi Izvara kA sazarIrapanA aura asarvajJapanA siddha karate ho to vaisA hone para samasta anumAna kA uccheda ho jaaygaa| isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM-yaha parvata agni yukta hai, dhuyeM vAlA hone se, rasoIghara ke smaan| yahA~ bhI parvatAdi meM rasoI meM dekhI huI khaira, palAza Adi kI agni ke siddha hone para iSTa ke viruddha sAdhana hone se viruddha sAdhana hai| naiyAyika kI isa zaMkA kA parihAra karate haiM-) dhuyeM se agni ke anumAna meM yaha ( viruddha rUpa ) doSa nahIM hai| dhuyeM se agni ke anumAna meM tRNa sambandhI tathA patte sambandhI Adi vizeSa AdhAroM meM rahane vAlI agni mAtra se vyApta dhUma kA vahA~ bhI darzana hotA hai / pRthvI, aGkurAdi kartA se utpanna haiM; kyoMki kArya haiM, isa anumAna meM sarvajJa aura asarvajJa rUpa jo kartA kA vizeSa, usakA AdhAra jo kartRtva sAmAnya usake sAtha kAryatva hetu kI vyApti nahIM hai tathA kartArUpa sarvajJa isa anumAna se pahale asiddha hai| vizeSa-jaise hama jainiyoM ke dhuyeM se agni ke anumAna meM tRNAdi kI vizeSa agniyoM kA agnimAtra AdhAra grahaNa hai, usI prakAra Apake mata meM vizeSabhUta sarvajJa aura asarvajJa rUpa AdhArabhUta sAmAnya puruSa kA grahaNa nahIM hai, jisase kAryapane kI vyApti ho; kyoMki tumhAre mata meM sarvajJa hI buddhimAn hai, sAmAnya puruSa nhiiN| Apake meM sarvajJa sAdhaka tanu Adi buddhimannimittaka haiM; kyoki ve kArya haiM, yahI anumAna hai| vaha isa samaya vivAdagrasta hai, ataH usase sarvajJa siddhi nahIM hotI hai| sarvajJa aura asarvajJa rUpa vizeSa adhikaraNa sAmAnya se kAryatva hetu kI vyApti nahIM hai| agni vAlA hai / dhuyeM ke kAraNa, yahA~ tRNa aura parNa Adi sambandhI vizeSa AdhAra vAlI agni sAmAnya se dhUma kI vyApti hai ho, ataH yahA~ doSa nahIM hai| 1. kAryatvasannivezaviziSTatvAcetanopAdAnatvarUpAstrayo hetavaH /
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH 75 vyabhicAriNazcAmI hetavo buddhimatkAraNamantareNApi vidyudAdInAM prAdurbhAvasambhavAt / suptAdyavasthAyAmabuddhipUrvakasyApi kAryasya darzanAt / tadavazyaM tatrApi bhargAkhyaM kAraNa mityatimugdhavilasitam; tad-dhyApArasyApyasambhavAdazarIratvAta / jJAnamAtreNa kAryakAritvAghaTanAt, icchA-prayatnayoH zarIrAbhAve'sambhavAt / tadasambhavazca purAtanaivistareNAbhihita AptaparIkSAdau; ataH punaratra nocyate / yacca mahezvarasya klezAdibhiraparAmRSTatvaM niratizayatvamaizvaryAchupetatvaM tatsarvamapi gaganAbjasaurabhavyAvarNana mitra niviSayatvAdupekSAmahati / tato na mahezvarasyAzeSajJatvam / nApi brahmaNaH; tasyApi sadbhAvAvedakapramANAbhAvAt / na tAvatpratyakSaM tadAvedakam avipratipattiprasaGgAt / na cAnumAnam; avinAbhAviliMgAbhAvAt / nanu (jaise ghaTa tathA paTa ke kartA kumbhakAra aura julAhe haiM, usa prakAra vidyut kA koI kartA nahIM hai ataH vidyut meM buddhimAn kartA ke abhAva rUpa kArya ke sadbhAva se vyabhicArIpanA hai)| ye kAryatva Adi hetu vyabhicArI bhI haiM, kyoMki buddhimAn kAraNa ke binA bhI vidyu dAdi kA prAdurbhAva sambhava hai| supta Adi avasthA meM abuddhipUrvaka bhI ( hasta pAdAdi saJcAlana rUpa ) kArya dekhA jAtA hai| vidyu dAdi tathA suptAdi avasthAoM meM samutpanna kArya meM sadAziva nAmaka kAraNa hai, yaha kahanA bhI atimugdha vyakti ke vilAsa ke samAna hai; kyoMki vaha sadAziva azarIrI hai, ataH usakA vyApAra asambhava hai| jJAna mAtra se kAryakAritva ghaTita nahIM hotA hai; kyoMki icchA aura prayatna zarIra ke abhAva meM asambhava haiN| isa asambhavatA kA nirUpaNa prAcIna AcAryoM ne AptaparIkSA Adi meM kiyA hai, ataH yahA~ punaH nahIM kahA jAtA hai| aura mahezvara ke jo klezAdi se aparAmRSTatva, niratizayatva aura aizvarya Adi se yuktatva kahA hai, vaha saba AkAza kamala kI sugandhi ke varNana ke samAna niviSaya hone se upekSA yogya hai / isa prakAra mahezvara ke sarvajJatA nahIM hai| brahma ke bhI sarvajJapanA nahIM hai| kyoMki usa brahma ke sadbhAva ko siddha karane vAle pramANa kA abhAva hai| pratyakSa to brahma ke astitva kA sAdhaka ho nahIM sakatA; kyoMki savako brahma kA darzana honA cAhie, kisI ko brahma meM vivAda nahIM honA cAhie, isa prakAra kA prasaGga upasthita hotA hai / anumAna bhI brahma ke astitva kA sAdhaka nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki avinAbhAva rakhane vAle liGga kA abhAva hai /
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________________ 76 prameyaratnamAlAyAM pratyakSaM tad-grAhakamastyeva; akSivisphAlanAnantaraM nirvikalpakasya sanmAtravidhi"viSayatayotpatteH / sattAyAzca paramabrahmarUpatvAt / tathA coktam asti hyAlocanAjJAnaM prathamaM nirvikalpakam / bAlamUkAdivijJAnasadRzaM zuddha vastujam / / 11 // na ca vidhivat parasparavyAvRttirapyadhyakSataH pratIyata iti dvatasiddhiH, tasya niSedhAviSayatvAt / tathA coktam-~ AhuvidhAtR pratyakSaM na niSedhR vipazcitaH / naikatve Agamastena pratyakSeNa prabAdhyate // 12 // anumAnAdapi tatsadbhAvo vibhAvyata eva / tathA hi-grAmArAmAdayaH padArthAH pratibhAsAntaH praviSTAH, pratibhAsamAnatvAt / yatpratibhAsate tatpratibhAsAntaHpraviSTam; yathA pratibhAsasvarUpam / pratibhAsante ca vivAdApannA iti / tadAgamAnAmapi puruSa brahmavAdI-pratyakSa usa brahma kA grAhaka hai hI, kyoMki A~kha kholate ho vikalpa jJAna se zUnya sattA mAtra svarUpa vidhi ( brahma) ko viSaya karane se pratyakSa ko utpatti hotI hai| yaha nirvikalpa sattA hI paramabrahma rUpa hai| jaisA ki kahA gayA hai zlokArtha-prathama nirvikalpaka AlocanA jJAna utpanna hotA hai, jo ki bAlaka aura mUka Adi ke jJAna ke samAna hai aura zuddhavastujanita hai // 11 // vizeSa-jo vizeSa vyavahAra kA aMgabhUta nahIM hai, aise prathamAvalokana rUpa jJAna ko AlocanA jJAna kahate haiN| jisa prakAra vidhi pratyakSa kA viSaya hai, usI prakAra niSedha bhI pratyakSa kA viSaya hai, ataH dvaitasiddhi ho jAyagI, aisA nahIM hai| kyoMki pratyakSa kA viSaya niSedha karanA nahIM hai / jaisA ki kahA hai zlokArtha-vidvAn loga pratyakSa ko vidhi kA viSaya kahate haiM, niSedha ko nhiiN| isalie ekatva ke viSaya meM jo Agama hai, vaha pratyakSa se bAdhita nahIM hotA hai / / 12 / / __ anumAna se bhI brahma kA sadbhAva jAnA hI jAtA hai / isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM-grAma, udyAna Adi padArtha pratibhAsa ke antaHpraviSTa haiN| kyoMki ve pratibhAsamAna hote haiN| jo pratibhAsita hotA hai, vaha pratibhAsa ke antaHpraviSTa hai, jaise ki pratibhAsa kA svarUpa / vivAda ko prApta grAma, udyAna Adi pratibhAsita hote haiM, isalie ve saba parama brahma ke hI
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________________ 77. dvitIyaH samuddezaH evedaM yad bhUtaM yacca bhAvyamiti bahulamupalambhAt / sarvaM vai khalvidaM brahma neha nAnAsti kiJcana / ArAmaM tasya pazyanti na taM pazyati kazcana / / 13 / / iti zrutezca / nanu paramabrahmaNa eva paramArthasattve kathaM ghaTAdibhedo'vabhAsata iti na codyam; sarvasyApi tadvivartatayA'vabhAsanAt / na cAzeSabhedasya tadvivartatvamasiddham; pramANaprasiddhatvAt / . tathA hi-vivAdAdhyAsitaM vizvamekakAraNapUrvakam, ekarUpAnvitatvAt / ghaTa ghaTI-sarAvodaJcanAdInAM mudrapAnvitAnAM yathA mRdekakAraNapUrvakatvam / sadrUpeNAnvitaM ca nikhilaM vastviti / tathA''gamo'pyasti UrNanAbha ivAMzUnAM candrakAnta ivAmbhasAm / prarohANAmiva plakSaHsa hetuH sarvajanminAm / / 14 // iti tadetanmadirArasAsvAdagadgadoditamiva madanakodravAdya payogajanitavyAmohamugdha svarUpa haiM / 'jo ho cukA tathA jo bhaviSyakAla meM hogA, vaha saba puruSa hI hai, isa prakAra ke Agama vAkya bhI bahulatA se pAe jAte haiM / zruti meM bhI kahA gayA hai zlokArtha-yaha saba brahma hI hai, isake atirikta isa jagat meM nAnA rUpa kucha bhI nahIM hai| hama loga usa brahma ke vivarta ko hI dekhate haiM, use koI bhI nahIM dekhatA hai / / 13 / / parama brahma ko hI paramArtha sat mAnane para ghaTAdi kA bheda kaise pratIta hotA hai ? yaha bAta nahIM kahanA cAhie; kyoMki saba kucha usa brahma ke vivartasvarUpa avabhAsita hotA hai| samasta bheda usa brahma ke vivarta haiM, yaha bAta asiddha nahIM hai, kyoMki yaha bAta pramANa se prasiddha hai| vaha isa prakAra hai-vivAdApanna vizva eka kAraNa pUrvaka hai| kyoMki vaha eka rUpa se yukta hai| jisa prakAra ghaTa, ghaTI, sakorA, Dhakkana Adi jo ki miTTI ke rUpa se yukta haiM, ve saba eka miTTI rUpa kAraNa pUrvaka haiN| samasta. vastu isI prakAra sat rUpa se yukta hai| usI prakAra Agama bhI isameM pramANa hai zlokArtha-jaise makar3I apane nikale hue tantuoM kA kAraNa hai, candrakAntamaNi jala kA kAraNa hai, jaise vaTavRkSa apane se nikalane vAle prarohoM kA kAraNa hai, usI prakAra vaha brahma samasta prANiyoM kA hetu hai // 14 // jaina-yaha madirA ke rasa ke AsvAdana se utpanna gadgad vacanoM ke samAna hai athavA madanakodrava Adi ke upayoga se janita vyAmoha se mata
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________________ .78 prameyaratnamAlAyAM vilasitamiva nikhilamavabhAsate; vicArAsahatvAt / tathA hi-yatpratyakSasattAviSayatvamabhihitam, tatra kiM nivizeSasattAviSayatvaM savizeSasattAvabodhakatvam vA ? na tAvat paurastyaH pakSaH; sattAyAH sAmAnyarUpatvAt, vizeSanirapekSatayA'navabhAsanAta, zAbaleyAdivizeSAnavabhAsane gottvAnavabhAsanavat / 'nivizeSa hi sAmAnya bhavecchazaviSANavat' ityabhidhAnAt / sAmAnyarUpatvaM ca sattAyAH satsadityanvayabaddhiviSayatvena suprasiddhameva / atha pAzcAtyaH pakSaH kakSIkriyate, tadA na paramapuruSasiddhiH, parasparavyAvRttAkAravizeSANAmadhyakSato'vabhAsanAt / yadapi sAdhanamabhyadhAyi pratibhAsamAnatvaM tadapi na sAdhu; vicArAsahatvAt / tathAhi-pratibhAsamAnatvaM svataH parato vA ? na tAvatsvato'siddhatvAt / paratazcedviruddham / parataH pratibhAsamAnatvaM hi paraM vinA nopapadyate / pratibhAsanamAtramapi na siddhimadhivasati, tasya tadvizeSAnantarIyakatvAt / tadvizeSAbhyupagame ca dvaitaprasaktiH / hue mugdha puruSa ke vacana vilAsa ke samAna pratibhAsita hotA hai; kyoMki yaha vicAra saha nahIM hai| vaha isa prakAra hai-jo pratyakSa sattA ke viSaya ke rUpa meM kahA hai, usa vAkya meM kyA sAmAnyasattA kA viSayapanA abhISTa hai yA savizeSa sattA kA avabodhakapanA abhISTa hai ? prathama pakSa to banatA nahIM hai, kyoMki sattA kA sAmAnya rUpa hotA hai, vaha vizeSa kI nirapekSatA se pratibhAsita nahIM ho sakatI, jaise ki zAvaleya Adi vizeSoM ke na avabhAsane para gotva sAmAnya bhI pratibhAsita nahIM hotA hai| kahA bhI gayA hai--vizeSa rahita sAmAnya gadhe ke sIMga ke samAna hotA hai / sattA kA sAmAnya rUpa 'sat sat', isa prakAra anvaya buddhi ke viSaya ke rUpa meM suprasiddha hI hai| yadi dUsarA pakSa aMgIkAra kiyA jAtA hai to parama puruSa kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki paraspara vyAvRtta AkAra vAle vizeSoM kA pratyakSa rUpa se avabhAsana hotA hai| pratibhAsamAnatva rUpa jo sAdhana Apane kahA, vaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki vicArasaha nahIM hai| vaha isa prakAra hai-pratibhAsamAnapanA svataH hai yA parataH ? svataH pratibhAsamAnapanA nahIM ho sakatA hai| kyoMki vaha asiddha hai| parataH pratibhAsamAnapanA kaho to vaha viruddha hai| parataH pratibhAsamAnatva dusare ke binA nahIM bana sktaa| ( padArthoM kA svataH pratibhAsana ho to netra kholane para prakAza ke abhAva meM bhI svataH pratibhAsana ho / parantu aisA nahIM hai, ataH hetu kI asiddhatA hai ekatva ke virodhI dvaita kA prasAdhaka hone se viruddha hai)| jJAna sAmAnya bhI siddhi ko prApta nahIM hotA hai; kyoMki usakA vizeSoM ke sAtha avinAbhAva pAyA jAtA hai / pratibhAsa
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH 79 kiJca-dharmi-hetu-dRSTAntA anumAnopAyabhUtAH pratibhAsante na veti ? prathamapakSe pratibhAsAntaHpraviSTAH pratibhAsahibhUtA vA ? yadyAdyaH pakSastadA sAdhyAntaHpAtitvAnna tato'numAnam / tadbahirbhAve taireva hetoyabhicAraH / apratibhAsamAnatve'pi tadvyavasthAbhAvAttato nAnumAnamiti / ___athAnAdyavidyAvijRmbhitatvAt sarvametadasambaddhamityanalpatamovilasitam; avidyAyAmapyuktadoSAnuSaGgAt / sakalavikalpavikalatvAttasyA naiSa doSa ityapyatimugdhabhASitam kenApi rUpeNa tasyAH pratibhAsAbhAve tatsvarUpAnavadhAraNAt / aparamapyatra vistareNa devAgamAlaGkAre cintitamiti neha pratanyate / / mAna ke vizeSoM ko svIkAra karane para dvaita kA prasaMga prApta hotA hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki anumAna ke upAyabhUta dharmI hetu aura dRSTAnta pratibhAsita hote haiM yA nahIM ? prathama pakSa mAnane para pratibhAsa ke antaH praviSTa hai yA bahirbhUta haiM yadi Adya pakSa ho to sAdhya ke andara praviSTa hone se usase anumAna nahIM hogaa| dvitIya pakSa mAnane para unhIM ke dvArA pratibhAsamAnatva hetu ke vyabhicAra AtA hai| yadi kahA jAya ki anumAna ke upAyabhUta ve dharmI, hetu, dRSTAnta pratibhAsita nahIM hote to una dharmI Adi kI vyavasthA kA abhAva hone se usase anumAna nahIM hogaa| brahmAdvaitavAdI-anAdi avidyA ke vyApta hone se dharmI hetu Adi pratIta hote haiM, ve yathArtha nahIM haiM, asambaddha haiN| jaina-aisA kahanA mahAn ajJAnAndhakAra ke vilAsa ke samAna hai; kyoMki avidyA ke mAnane para bhI ukta doSoM kA prasaMga AtA hai| ( avidyA pratibhAsita hotI hai yA pratibhAsita nahIM hotI hai ? yadi pratibhAsita hotI hai to pratibhAsa ke antaHpraviSTa hai yA bahibhUta hai ? yadi pratibhAsa ke antaHpraviSTa ho to vidyA hI hogii| yadi pratibhAsa ke bahibhUta hai ? to usI hetu se vyabhicAra aura dvaita kI prApti hotI hai / yadi pratibhAsita nahIM hotI hai to avidyA, isa prakAra vyavasthA nahIM banatI hai)| brahmavAdI-avidyA samasta vikalpoM se rahita hone se yaha doSa nahIM hai| jaina-yaha kahanA bhI ati mugdha puruSa ke kathana ke samAna hai / kisI 'bhI rUpa se usa avidyA ke pratibhAsa kA abhAva hone para usake svarUpa kA nizcaya nahIM ho skegaa| isa viSaya meM aura bhI devAgama stotra kI
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM yacca paramabrahmavivartatvamakhilabhedAnAmityuktam, tatrApyekarUpeNAnvitatvaM heturanvatranvIyamAnadvayAvinAbhAvitvena puruSAdvaitaM pratibadhnAtIti sveSTavighAtakAritvAdviruddhaH / anditatvamekahetuke ghaTAdau, anekahetuke stambha-kumbhAmbhoruhAdAvapyupalabhyata ityanaikAntikazca / kimarthaM cedaM kAryamasau vidadhAti ? anyena prayuktatvAt, kRpAvazAt, krIDAvazAt, svabhAvAdvA ? anyena prayuktatve svAtantryahAnidvaitaprasaGgazca / kRpAvazAditi nottaram kRpAyAM duHkhinAmakaraNaprasaGgAt paropakArakaraNaniSThatvAt tasyAH / sSTeH prAganukampAviSayaprANinAmabhAvAcca na sA yujyate; kRpAparasya pralayavidhAnAyogAcca / adRSTavazAttadvidhAne svAtantryahAniH; kRpAparasya pIDAkAraNAdRSTavyapekSAyogAcca / alaMkAra svarUpa aSTasahasrI meM vicAra kiyA gayA hai, ataH yahA~ usakA vistAra nahIM kiyA jAtA hai / samasta bhedoM ko jo ki parama brahma kA vivarta kahA hai, vahA~ para bhI 'eka rUpa se anvita honA' yaha hetu hai| ataH anvaya sambandha vAlA puruSa aura jinakA anvaya kiyA jAya, aise padArtha, ina donoM kA avinAbhAva sambandha hone se vaha puruSAdvaita kA pratiSedha karatA hai, isa prakAra advaita kA vighAta karane vAlA hone se viruddha hai| anvitatva miTTo jisakA eka hetu hai aise ghaTAdi meM aura jisake aneka hetu haiM aise stambha, kumbha aura kamala Adi meM pAyA jAtA hai, isa prakAra anekAntika hetvAbhAsa bhI hai| vaha brahmA kisalie isa jagat racanA rUpa kArya ko karatA hai ? anya ke dvArA prayukta hone se, kRpA ke vaza se, krIr3A ke vaza se athavA svabhAva se ? anya ke dvArA prayukta mAnane para svatantrapane kI hAni hotI hai, aura dvaita kA prasaMga bhI upasthita hotA hai| yadi kRpA ke vaza jagat kA nirmANa karatA hai to yaha koI uttara nahIM hai / yadi kRpA hai to duHkhiyoM kI racanA hI nahIM karanA cAhie; kyoMki kRpA to ekamAtra paropakAra karane meM saMlagna rahatI hai / sRSTi ke pUrva anukampA ke viSaya prANiyoM ke na hone se, vaha kRpA sambhava nahIM hai| jo kRpAparAyaNa hai, vaha pralaya bhI nahIM kara sakatA / adaSTa (pApa) ke vaza pralaya karane para athavA pApa puNya ke vaza jagat kA nirmANa karane para usake svAtantrya kI hAni hotI hai| kRpAparAyaNa brahmA ke pIr3A ke kAraNabhUta adRSTa kI apekSA bhI nahIM banatI hai|
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________________ dvitIyaH samuddezaH kroDAvazAtpravRttau na prabhutvam; krIDopAyavyapekSaNAd bAlakavat / krIDopAyasya tatsAdhyasya ca yugapadutpattiprasaGgazca / sati samarthe kAraNe kAryasyAvazyambhAvAta; anyathA krameNApi sA tato na syAt / atha svabhAvAdasau jaganniminoti; yathA'gnidahati, vAyurvAtIti matam; tadapi bAlabhASitameva, pUrvoktadoSAnivRtteH / tathAhikramavativivartajAtamakhilamapi yugapadutpadyata; apekSaNIyasya sahakAriNo'pi tatsAdhyatvena yaugapadyasambhavAt / udAharaNavaiSamyaM ca; vanhyAdeH kAdAcitkasvahetujanitasya niyatazaktyAtmakatvopapatteranyatra nitya-vyApi-samarthakasvabhAvakAraNajanyatvena dezakAlapratiniyamasya kArye durupapAdAt / / tadevaM brahmaNo'siddhau vedAnAM tatsupta-prabuddhAvasthAtvapratipAdanaM paramapuruSAsya krIr3A ke vaza jagat ke nirmANa meM pravRtta hotA hai, aisA mAnane para usake prabhutA nahIM rahatI hai, jaise krIr3A ke upAyoM kI apekSA rakhane vAlA bAlaka / krIDA kA upAya-jagat kI racanA aura krIDA ke sAdhyarUpa sukha kI eka sAtha utpatti kA bhI prasaMga AtA hai| samartha kAraNa ke hone para kArya avazya hotA hai, nahIM to ( arthAt samartha kAraNa ke abhAva meM ) krama se bhI vaha utpatti usa brahma rUpa kAraNa se nahIM hogii| jisakI eka sAtha utpanna karane kI zakti nahIM hai, vaha kAraNa krama se bhI utpatti nahIM karatA hai| kyoMki zakti hone para bhI sAmarthya kA abhAva hai| yadi utpanna karatA hai to vahA~ para zakti samartha kAraNa hai| yadi vaha brahmA svabhAva se jagat kA nirmANa karatA hai, jaise agni jalAtI hai, vAya bahatI hai, aisA mAnA gayA hai to aisA kahanA bhI bAlaka ke vacana ke samAna hai; kyoMki pUrvokta doSoM kI nivRtti nahIM hotI hai| isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM-samasta ho kramavartI vivartoM kA samUha yugapat hI utpanna honA cAhie; kyoMki apekSaNIya sahakArI kAraNa bhI tatsAdhya hai arthAt brahmA ke dvArA hI karane yogya hai, ataH saba vivoM kA yugapat honA sambhava hai| ___ "agni jalAtI hai', ityAdi udAharaNa bhI viSama hai; kyoMki agni Adi kAdAcitka svahetu janita haiM arthAt IMdhana Adi mila jAya to jale, na mile to na jle| agni kI dahanAdi kI zakti pratiniyata hai, parama brahma meM nityapanA, sarvavyApakapanA aura saba kAryoM ke karane meM samartha eka svabhAva rUpa kAraNa se utpanna karane kI yogyatA saba jagaha aura saba samaya pAyI jAtI hai| isa prakAra deza tathA kAla kA pratiniyama saSTi rUpa kArya meM ghaTita nahIM hotaa| isa prakAra brahma kI siddhi na hone para vedoM kA, usako supta, prabuddha
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM mahAbhUtani zvasitAbhidhAnaM ca gaganAravindamakarandavyAvarNanavadanavadheyArthaviSayatvA. dupekSAmarhati / yaccAgamaH 'sarva vai khalvidaM brahmatyAdi' 'UrNanAbha ityAdi' ca; tatsarvamuktavidhinA'dvaitavirodhoti nAvakAzaM labhate / na cApauruSeya Agamo'stItyane prapaJcayiSyate / tasmAnna puruSottamo'pi vicAraNAM prAJcati / pratyakSatarabhedabhinnamamalaM mAnaM dvidhavoditam , deverdIpta guNaivicArya vidhivatsaGkhyAtateH saGgrahAt / / mAnAnAmiti taddigapyabhihitaM zrIratnanandyAvayastadvayAkhyAnamado vizuddhadhiSaNa barbodhavyamavyAhatam // 7 // mukhya-saMvyavahArAbhyAM pratyakSamupadarzitam / devoktamupajIvadbhiH sUribhirjApitaM mayA / / 8 // iti parIkSAmukhasya laghuvRttI dvitIyaH samuddezaH // 2 // avasthA kA pratipAdana karanA, paramapuruSa nAma vAle mahAbhUta ke niHzvAsa kA kathana karanA AkAza kamala ke makaranda kI sugandha ke varNana karane ke samAna upekSA ke yogya hai / jo Apane 'yaha saba brahma hai', makar3o jaise jAlA bunatI hai, ityAdi Agama pramANa die haiM, ve saba pratipAdya pratipAdaka bhAva rUpa ukta vidhi se advaita ke virodho hone se avakAza ko prApta nahIM karate haiN| apauruSeya Agama bhI nahIM hai, isa bAta kA hama Age vistAra se varNana kreNge| isalie puruSottama bhI vicAraNA para nahIM ThaharatA hai| zlokArtha-guNoM se dIpta zrImadbhaTTa akalaGkadeva ne vidhivat vicAra kara pramANa kI saMkhyAoM ke samaha kA saMgraha kara pratyakSa aura parokSa ke bheda se do bheda rUpa nirdoSa pramANa kA kathana kiyA hai| usI kA diGamAtra (kucha) varNana zrI rattanandi ( mANikyanandi ) AcArya ne ( parIkSAmukha grantha meM ) kiyA hai| usakA yaha mujha anantavIrya ne vyAkhyAna kiyA hai| vizaddha buddhi vAloM ko use nirdoSa rUpa se jAnanA cAhie // 7 // zlokArtha-mukhya aura sAMvyavahArika bheda se pratyakSa kA varNana zrI akalaMkadeva ne kiyA / usI ko sUri (mANikyanandi ) ne svIkAra kiyaa| usakI mujha anantavIrya ne vyAkhyA kI / / 8 / / isa prakAra parIkSAmukha kI laghuvRtti meM dvitIya samuddeza samApta huaa|
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH athedAnImuddiSTe pratyekSetarabhedena pramANa dvitve prathamabhedaM vyAkhyAya itarad vyAcaSTe prokssmitrt|| 1 // uktapratipakSa mitaracchabdo brUte / tataH pratyakSAditi labhyate, tacca parokSamiti / tasya ca sAmagro-svarUpe nirUpayannAhapratyakSAdinimittaM smRtipratyabhijJAnatarvAnumAnAgamabhedam // 2 // pratyakSAdinimittamityatrAdizabdena parokSamapi gRhyate / tacca yathAvasaraM nirUpayiSyate / pratyakSAdinimittaM yasyeti vigrahaH / smRtyAdiSu dvandvaH / te bhedA yasya iti vigrhH| pratyakSa aura parokSa ke bheda se pramANa ke do bhedoM meM se prathama bheda kI vyAkhyA karake isa samaya dUsare bheda kI vyAkhyA karate haiM sUtrArtha-pratyakSa se bhinna parokSa hai // 1 // itara zabda pahale kahe gae pramANa ke pratipakSa ko kahatA hai| usa pratyakSa se bhinna jo jJAna hai, vaha parokSa hai, aisA artha prApta hotA hai| usa parokSa kI (utpattikAraNa rUpa) sAmagrI aura svarUpa kA nirUpaNa karate hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha-pratyakSAdi jisake nimitta haiM, aisA parokSa pramANa smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAna aura Agama ke bheda se pA~ca prakAra kA hotA hai / / 2 // pratyakSAdi jisake nimitta haiM, yahA~ Adi zabda se parokSa bhI grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| usakA nirUpaNa yathAvasara kiyA jaaygaa| 'pratyakSAdi nimittaM yasya', yaha vigraha hai| smRti Adi meM dvandva samAsa hai| te bhedAH yasya-ve smRti Adika jisake bheda haiM, isa prakAra vigraha grahaNa karanA caahie| vizeSa-smRti pratyakSa pUrvaka hotI hai, pratyabhijJAna pratyakSa aura smaraNa pUrvaka hotA hai, pratyakSa, smaraNa aura pratyabhijJAna pUrvaka tarka hotA hai, pratyakSa, smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna aura tarka pUrvaka anumAna hotA hai, zrAvaNa pratyakSa, smRti aura saMketa pUrvaka Agama hotA hai|
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________________ x prameyaratnamAlAyAM tatra smRti kramaprAptAM darzayannAha 'saMskArobodhanibandhanA tadityAkArA smRtiH // 3 // saMskArasyodvodhaH prAkaTyaM sa nibandhanaM yasyAH sA yathoktA / tadityAkArA tadityullekhinI / evambhUtA smRtirbhavatIti zeSaH / udAharaNamAha sa devadatto yathA // 4 // pratyabhijJAna prAptakAlamAhadarzanasmaraNakAraNakaM saGkalanaM pratyabhijJAnam tadevedaM tatsadRzaM tadvilakSaNaM tatpratiyogItyAdi // 5 // atra darzanasmaraNakAraNakatvAt sAdRzyAdiviSayasyApi pratyabhijJAnatvamuktam / yeSAM tu sAdRzyaviSayamupamAnAkhyaM pramANAntaraM teSAM vailakSaNyAdiviSayaM pramANAntaramanuSajyeta / tathA coktam upamAnaM prasiddhArthasAdhAt sAdhyasAdhanam / tadvaidhAtpramANaM kiM syAt sajJipratipAdanam / / 15 // krama prApta smRti ko dikhalAte hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha-( dhAraNA jJAna rUpa ) saMskAra kI prakaTatA jisameM kAraNa hai aise 'tat' isa prakAra ke AkAra vAle jJAna ko smRti kahate haiM / / 3 / / ___saMskAra kA udbodha = prAkaTya, vaha jisakA kAraNa hai, vaha smRti hai| 'tat' isa AkAra arthAt ullekha vAlI smRti hai| isa prakAra kI smRti hotI hai, yaha zeSa hai| udAharaNa kahate haiM sUtrArtha-jaise ki vaha devadatta // 4 // aba avasara prApta pratyabhijJAna kA svarUpa kahate haiM sUtrArtha-darzana aura smaraNa jisameM kAraNa haiM aise saMkalana ( anubhUta padArtha kA vivakSita dharma se sambandha hone para anusandhAna saMkalana hai ) jJAna ko pratyabhijJAna kahate haiN| jaise--yaha vahI hai, yaha usake samAna hai, yaha usase vilakSaNa hai, yaha usakA pratiyogI hai, ityAdi / / 5 // yahA~ para darzana aura smaraNa kAraNa hone se sAdazya Adi ke viSaya karane vAle jJAna ko bhI pratyabhijJAnapanA kahA hai| jina naiyAyikAdi ke yahA~ sAdRzya ko viSaya karane vAlA jJAna upamAna nAma se bhinna pramANa mAnA gayA hai, unake vailakSaNya Adi ko viSaya karane vAlA anya pramANa bhI mAnane kA prasaMga prApta hotA hai / jaisA ki kahA hai zlokArtha-yadi prasiddha padArtha kI samAnatA se sAdhya ke sAdhana ko
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH idamalpaM mahad dUramAsannaM prAMzu naiti vA / vyapekSAtaH samakSe'rthe vikalpaH sAdhanAntaram / / 16 / / eSAM krameNodAharaNaM darzayannAhayathA sa evAyaM devadattaH, gosadRzo gavayaH, govilakSaNo mahiSaH, idamasmAd dUram, vRkSo'yamityAdi // 6 // Adizabdena payo'mbubhedI haMsaH syAt SaTpAdairdhamaraH smRtaH / saptaparNastu tattvajJaivijJayo viSamacchadaH // 17 / / paJcavarNaM bhaved ratnaM mecakAkhyaM pRthustnii| yuvatizcaikazRGgo'pi gaNDakaH parikIrtitaH / / 18 // zarabho'pyaSTabhiH pAdaiH siMhazcArusaTAnvitaH / / 19 / / upamAna pramANa kahate haiM to vaidharmya se hone vAle sAdhya ke sAdhana rUpa pramANa kA nAma kyA hogA? ( yaha vRkSa hai, ityAdi ) nAmAdi rUpa saMjJA vAle saMjJI padArtha ke pratipAdana karane ko kauna sA pramANa kaheMge? yaha isase alpa hai, yaha isase mahAn hai, yaha isase dUra hai, yaha isake samIpa hai, yaha isase U~cA hai, yaha isase nIcA hai tathA isake niSedha rUpa arthAt yaha isase alpa nahIM hai, yaha isase mahAn nahIM hai, ityAdi rUpa paraspara kI apekSA se, pratipakSa kI AkAMkSA se anya bhAva kA nizcaya rUpa jo jJAna hotA hai, ina sabako pRthak pramANapatra prApta hotA hai| isase Apa logoM dvArA mAnI huI pramANa saMkhyA kA vighaTana ho jAtA hai / 15-16 / / ina pratyabhijJAna ke bhedoM kA krama se udAharaNa dikhalAte hue kahate haiM satrArtha-jaise--yaha vahI devadatta hai (ekatva pratyabhijJAna ), gAya ke samAna nIla gAya hotI hai ( sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna), go se vilakSaNa bhaiMsA hotA hai ( vailakSaNya pratyabhijJAna ), yaha isase dUra hai ( tatpratiyogi pratyabhijJAna ), yaha vRkSa hai ( vRkSa sAmAnya smRti rUpa pratyabhijJAna ) ityAdi // 6 // Adi zabda se zlokArtha-dUdha aura jala kA bheda karane vAlA haMsa hotA hai, chaha paira kA bhauMrA mAnA gayA hai, tattvajJoM ko sAta pattoM vAlA viSamacchada nAmaka vRkSa jAnanA caahiye| pA~ca varNoM vAlA mecaka nAmaka ratna hotA hai, vizAla stana vAlI yuvatI hotI hai, eka soMga vAlA geMDA kahA jAtA hai,
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM ityevamAdizabdazravaNAt tathAvidhAneva marAlAdInavalokya tathA satyApayati yadA tadA tatsaGkalanamapi pratyabhijJAnamuktam; darzanasmaraNakAraNatvAvizeSAt / pareSAM tu tatpramANAntaramevopapadyate; upamAnAdau tasyAntarbhAvAbhAvAtathoho'vasaraprApta ityAhaupalambhAnupalambhanimittaM vyAptijJAnamUhaH // 7 // idamasmin satyeva bhavatyasati na bhavatyeveti ca // 8 // upalambhaH pramANamAtramatra gRhyate / yadi pratyakSamevopalambhazabdenocyate tadA sAdhaneSu anumeyeSu vyAptijJAnaM na syAt / atha vyAptiH sarvopasaMhAreNa pratIyate, sA kathamatIndriyasya sAdhanasyAtIndriyeNa sAdhyena bhavediti ? navam; pratyakSaviSayaSvivAnumAnaviSayeSvapi vyApteravirodhAt, tajjJAnasyApratyakSatvAbhyupagamAt / ATha paira vAlA aSTApada hotA hai aura sundara saTA ( gardana ke bAla ) se yukta siMha hotA hai / / 17-18-19 // ___ityAdi zabdoM ko sunakara, isI prakAra ke haMsa Adi ko dekhakara usI rUpa meM jaba satyApita karatA hai, taba yaha saMkalana jJAna pratyabhijJAna kahalAtA hai| kyoMki darzana aura smaraNa rUpa kAraNa saba jagaha samAna haiN| anya matAvalambiyoM meM to inheM bhinna-bhinna pramANa mAnanA pdd'egaa| upamAnAdi meM inakA antarbhAva nahIM hotA hai / aba avasara prApta Uha ( tarka ) pramANa ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-anvaya aura vyatireka jisameM nimitta haiM, aise vyApti ke jJAna ko Uha kahate haiN| jaise-yaha sAdhana rUpa vastu isa sAdhya rUpa vastu ke hone para hI hotI hai aura sAdhya rUpa vastu ke nahIM hone para nahIM hotI hai / / 7-8 // yahA~ para upalambha se pramANa sAmAnya kA grahaNa karanA caahiye| yadi upalambha zabda se pratyakSa hI kahA jAtA hai to anumAna ke viSayabhUta ( isa prANI meM sukha nahIM hai; kyoMki hRdaya kI zalya hai isa prakAra ke ) sAdhanoM meM vyApti kA jJAna nahIM ho skegaa| yadi kahA jAya ki vyApti to sarvadeza aura sarvakAla ke upasaMhAra se pratIta hotI hai, atIndriya ho sAdhana aura atIndriya hI sAdhya hone para vaha vyApti kaise jAno jAyagI? to aisA nahIM kahA jAnA caahiye| pratyakSa ke viSayoM ke samAna anumAna ke viSayoM meM bhI vyApti kA koI virodha nahIM hai| kyoMki aniyata digdeza vAlI vyApti ke jJAna ko parokSa mAnA gayA hai|
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH 87 udAharaNamAha yathAgnAveva dhUmastadabhAve na bhavatyeveti ca // 9 // idAnImanumAna kramAyAtamiti tallakSaNamAha sAdhanAtsAdhyavijJAnamanumAnam // 10 // sAdhanasya lakSaNamAha sAdhyAvinAbhAvitvena nizcito hetuH // 11 // nanu trairUpyameva hetorlakSaNam; tasmin satyeva hetorasiddhAdidoSaparihAropapatteH / tathA hi-pakSadharmatvamasiddhatvavyavacchedArthamabhidhIyate / sapakSe sattvaM vyApti jJAna rUpa tarka kA udAharaNa kahate haiM sUtrArtha-jaise agni meM hI dhUma hai| agni ke abhAva meM dhUma nahIM hotA hai / / 9 // isa samaya anumAna kramaprApta hai, ataH usake lakSaNa ko kahate haiMsUtrArtha-sAdhana se sAdhya ke jJAna ko anumAna kahate haiM / / 10 // vizeSa-'pramANAt vijJAnaM anumAna' arthAt pramANa se jo jJAna hotA hai, use anumAna kahate haiM, itanA mAtra lakSaNa mAnane para anumeya AgamAdi se vyabhicAra AtA hai| ataH usake nivAraNa ke lie sAdhya kA vijJAna anumAna hai, aisA kahA hai| tathApi pratyakSa se vyabhicAra AtA hai, ataH usake nivAraNa ke lie sAdhana se sAdhya ke jJAna ko anumAna kahA hai| sAdhana kA lakSaNa kahate haiM sUtrArtha-sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva sambandha hone ke kAraNa hetu nizcita hotA hai / arthAt jo sAdhya ke binA na ho use sAdhana kahate haiM / / 11 / / bauddha-(pakSadharmatva, sapakSa sattva aura vipakSa se vyAvRtti rUpa ) trairUpa hI hetu kA lakSaNa ho| trairUpya ke hone para hI hetu ke asiddha, viruddha aura anaikAntika doSoM kA parihAra ho sakatA hai| pakSadharmatva asiddha ke nirAkaraNa ke lie kahA jAtA hai| ( zabda anitya hai, cAkSuSa hone se, yahA~ pakSa dharmatva nahIM hai| cAkSuSa hone se, yaha hetu pakSa bhUta zabda meM vartamAna na hone se, yaha hetu asiddha hai| isa asiddha hetu ke nivAraNa ke lie pakSa meM honA, yaha kahA hai)| sapakSa meM honA viruddha
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM tu viruddhatvApanodArtham / vipakSe cAsattvamevAnakAntika-vyudAsArthamiti / taduktam hetostriSvapi rUpeSu nirNayastena vnnitH| asiddhaviparItArthavyabhicArivipakSitaH // 20 // tadayuktam; avinAbhAvaniyamanizcayAdeva dosstryprihaaropptteH| avinAbhAvo hyanyathAnupapannatvam / taccAsiddhasya na sambhavatyeva, 'anyathAnupapannatvamasiddhasya na siddhayati ityabhidhAnAt / nApi viruddhasya tallakSaNatvopapattirviparItanizcitAvinAbhAvini yathoktasAdhyAvinAbhAvaniyamalakSaNasyAnupapavirodhAt / vyabhicAriNyapi na prakRtalakSaNAvakAzastata eva tato'nyathAnupapattireva hetu ke nirAkaraNa ke lie hai| (zabda nitya hai, kyoMki kRtaka hai, yahA~ para sapakSa meM asattva hai / kRtakatA nityatA kI virodhI anityatA se vyApta hai| ataH hetu ke sAdhya ke abhAva ke samAna hone se viruddha hetu hai| ataH viruddha doSa ke parihAra ke lie sapakSa meM honA kahA hai) / vipakSa meM na honA anaikAntika hetu ke nirAkaraNa ke lie kahA gayA hai| (zabda nitya hai; kyoMki prameya hai / yahA~ para vipakSa se vyAvRtti nahIM hai| prameyatA rUpa hetu pakSa bhUta zabda tathA sapakSa rUpa AkAzAdi meM hone para bhI nityatva ke virodhI ghaTAdi meM bhI pAe jAne se anaikAntika hetu hai; kyoMki hetu pakSa tathA sapakSa meM hone para bhI vipakSa se vyAvRtta nahIM hai| ataH anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa ke nirAkaraNa ke lie vipakSa se vyAvRtti Avazyaka hai)| jaisA ki kahA gayA hai zlokArtha-hetu ke tIna rUpoM meM hI nirNaya kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| kyoMki pakSadharmatva asiddha doSa kA pratipakSI hai, sapakSasattva viruddha doSa kA pratipakSI hai, vipakSa vyAvRtti vyabhicArI ( anaikAntika doSa ) kA pratipakSI hai||| 20 // ___ jaina-yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai| avinAbhAvaniyama ke nizcaya se ho tInoM doSoM kA parihAra ho jAtA hai| anyathAnupapannatva ko avinAbhAva kahate haiM / anyathAnupapannatva asiddha ke sambhava nahIM hotA hai / anyathAnupapannatva asiddha hetu ke siddha nahIM hotA hai, aisA kahA gayA hai| viruddha hetu ke bhI anyathAnupapannatva siddha nahIM hotA hai; kyoMki sAdhya se viparIta padArtha ke sAtha nizcita avinAbhAvI hetu meM yathokta sAdhyAvinA bhAvI 1. anyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim / nAnyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim // 1 //
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH zreyasI, na trirUpatA; tasyAM satyAmapi yathoktalakSaNAbhAve hetorgamakatvAdarzanAt / tathA hi-sa, zyAmastatputratvAditaratatputravat ityatra trairUpyasambhave'pyagamakatvamupalakSyate / atha vipakSAd vyAvRttiniyamavatI tatra na dRzyate, tato na gamakatvamiti / tadapi mugdhavila sitameva, tasyA evAvinAbhAvarUpatvAt / itararUpasadbhAve'pi tadabhAve hetoH svasAdhyasiddhi prati gamakatvAniSTau saiva pradhAnaM lakSaNamaNamupalakSaNIyamiti / tatsadbhAve cetararUpadvayanirapekSatayA gamakatvopapattezca / / yathA santyadvaitavAdino'pi prmaannaaniissttaanissttsaadhnduussnnaanythaanupptteH| na cAtra pakSadharmatvaM sapakSAnvayo vAsti; kevalamavinAbhAvamAtreNa gmktvprtiiteH| yadapyuktaM paraiH-pakSadharmatA'bhAve'pi 'kAkasya kASNaryAkhavalaH prAsAdaH' ityasyApi nizcita lakSaNa ke pAye jAne kA virodha hai| vyabhicArI hetu meM bhI anyathAnupapatti rUpa lakSaNa ke rahane kA avakAza nahIM hai / yathokta sAdhyAvinAbhAviniyama lakSaNa ke na banane se tInoM doSoM kA parihAra karane vAlI anyathAnupapatti hI zreyaskara hai, trairUpya zreyaskara nahIM hai / trairUpya ke hone para bhI yathokta avinAbhAva lakSaNa ke abhAva meM (kyoMki sAdhya ke prati avinAbhAva sambandha rakhane vAlA hetu nizcita hotA hai ) hetu ke gamakatA nahIM dekho jAtI hai / jaise ki--vaha zyAma hai; kyoMki usakA putra hai, dUsare pUtroM ke samAna yahA~ para trairUpya sambhava hone para bhI gamakapanA nahIM dekhA jAtA hai| yadi kahA jAya ki vipakSa se vyAvRtti niyama vAlI nahIM dikhAI detI hai ataH tatputratva hetu gamaka nahIM hai, yaha kahanA bhI mugdha puruSa ke vilAsa ke samAna hai, kyoMki usa vipakSa-vyAvRtti kA nAma hI avinAbhAva hai itara rUpoM ke sadbhAva hone para bhI vipakSa vyAvRtti ke abhAva meM hetu ke apane sAdhya kI siddhi ke prati gamakapanA nahIM hai, ataeva sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva vAlI vipakSa vyAvRtti ko hI hetu kA nirdoSa lakSaNa pratipAdana karanA cAhie, kyoMki usake sadbhAva meM anya do rUpoM kI nirapekSatA se bhI hetu kI sAdhya ke prati gamakatA bana jAtI hai| advaitavAdiyoM ke yahA~ bhI pramANa haiM, anyathA iSTa kA sAdhana aura aniSTa kA dUSaNa nahIM bana sktaa| isa anumAna meM pakSadharmatva aura sapakSasatva nahIM hai| kevala avinAbhAva mAtra se gamakatva kI pratIti hotI hai| jo ki bauddhAdikoMne kahA hai-pakSadharmatA ke abhAva meM bhI 'kaue ke kAlepana se mahala sapheda hai', yahA~ para kaue rUpa hetu ke mahala ke saphedarUpa
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM gamakatvApattiriti, tadapyanena nirastam, anyathAnupapattibalenavApakSadharmasyApi sAdhutvAbhyupagamAt / na ceha sA'sti / tato'vinAbhAva eva hetoH pradhAna lakSaNamabhyupagantavyam; tasmin satyasati trilakSaNatvepi hetorgamakatvadarzanAt / iti na trarUpyaM hetulakSaNam, avyApakatvAt / sarveSAM kSaNikatve sAdhye sattvAdeH sAdhanasya sapakSe'sato'pi svayaM saugatairgamakatvAbhyupagamAt / ____etena paJcalakSaNatvamapi yaugaparikalpitaM na hetorupapattimiyItyabhihitaM boddhavyam / pakSadharmatve satyanvayavyatirekAvabAdhitaviSayatvamasatpratipakSatvaM ceti paJca lakSaNAni, teSAmapyavinAbhAvaprapaJcataiva bAdhitaviSayasyAvinAbhAvAyogAt; satpratipakSasyeveti, sAdhyAbhAsaviSayatvenAsamyagghetutvAcca, yathoktapakSaviSayatvAbhAvAttadoSeNaiva duSTatvAt / ataH sthitam-sAdhyAvinAbhAvitvena nizcito heturiti / sAdhya ke gamakatA kI prApti hogii| isakA bhI nirAkaraNa anyathAnupatti nAmaka eka lakSaNa ke dvArA kara diyA, kyoMki anyathAnupapatti ke bala se hI pakSa meM nahIM rahane vAle bhI hetu ke sAdhatA svIkAra kI gaI hai| kaue kI kAlimA se mahala sapheda hai, yahA~ para vaha anyathAnupapatti nahIM hai| ataH avinAbhAva hI hetu kA pradhAna lakSaNa mAnanA cAhie / ( ataH kAryakAraNa bhAva anvayavyatireka se hI prApta hai, yaha bAta prApta huii)| trilakSaNa cAhe ho athavA na ho, yadi avinAbhAva hai to hetu gamaka dikhAI detA hai| isa prakAra avyApaka hone ke kAraNa trairUpya hetu kA lakSaNa nahIM hai| kSaNikatva sAdhya hone para sattvAdi sAdhana sapakSa meM na rahane para bhI svayaM bauddhoM ne gamakatA mAnI hai| trairUpya ke nirAkaraNa ke dvArA yoga ke dvArA parikalpita paJcalakSaNatva bhI hetupane ko prApta nahIM hotA hai| pakSadharmatva ke hone para anvaya ( sapakSa meM honA ), vyatireka ( vipakSa se vyAvatti ) abAdhita viSayatva aura asatpratipakSa ye pA~ca lakSaNa avinAbhAva ke hI vistAra haiN| kyoMki bAdhita viSaya ke avinAbhAva kA yoga nahIM hai| jaise ki satpratipakSa ke avinAbhAva sambhava nahIM hai| sAdhyAbhAsa ko viSaya karane se hetu asamyaka bhI hai, kyoki vaha avinAbhAva rUpa pakSa ko viSaya nahIM karatA hai, ataH vaha pakSa ke doSa se hI duSTa hai| ataH yaha bAta siddha huI ki jisakA sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva sambandha nizcita ho, vahI hetu hotA hai /
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH idAnImavinAbhAvabhedaM darzayannAha sahakramabhAvaniyamo'vinAbhAvaH // 12 // tatra sahabhAvaniyamasya viSayaM darzayannAha sahacAriNoApyavyApakayozca sahabhAvaH 13 // sahacAriNo rUpa-rasayoApyavyApakayozca vRkSatvazizapAtvayoriti / saptabhyA viSayo nirdiSTaH / kramamAvaniyamasya viSayaM darzayannAhapUrvottaracAriNoH kAryakAraNayozca kramabhAvaH // 14 // pUrvottaracAriNoH kRttikodaya-zakaTodayayoH kAryakAraNayozca dhUma-dhUmadhvajayoH krmbhaavH| nanvevambhUtasyAvinAbhAvasya na pratyakSeNa grahaNam; tasya sannihitaviSayatvAt / nApyanumAnena; prakRtAparAnumAnakalpanAyAmitaretarAzrayatvAnavasthAvatArAt / AgamA aba avinAbhAva ke bhedoM ko dikhalAte hue kahate haiM / sUtrArtha-sahabhAvaniyama aura kramabhAvaniyama ko avinAbhAva kahate haiM / / 12 // inameM se sahabhAvaniyama ke viSaya ko dikhalAte hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha-sahacArI aura vyAppa-vyApaka padArthoM meM sahabhAvaniyama hotA hai / / 13 // sahabhAvaniyama ke udAharaNa-sahacArI rUpa aura rasa vyApta aura vyApaka vRkSatva aura zizapAtva / sUtra meM saptamo vibhakti ke dvArA viSaya. nirdiSTa hai| kramabhAvaniyama kA viSaya dikhalAte hae kahate haiM sUtrArtha-pUrva aura uttaracara meM tathA kArya aura kAraNa meM kramabhAva niyama hotA hai / / 14 / / pUrvacara aura uttaracara kRttikodaya-zakaTodaya tathA kArya-kAraNa dhUma aura agni meM kramabhAva hotA hai| zaMkA-isa prakAra ke avinAbhAva kA pratyakSa se grahaNa nahIM hotA hai; kyoMki usakA viSaya sannihita padArtha hotA hai| anumAna se bhI avinAbhAva kA grahaNa nahIM hotA hai| anumAna se yadi avinAbhAva kA grahaNa ho to prakRta anumAna se avinAbhAva kA grahaNa hotA hai yA anya anumAna se ? yadi prakRta anumAna se avinAbhAva kA grahaNa ho to itaretarAzraya doSa
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM derapi bhinnaviSayatvena suprasiddhatvAnna tato'pi tatpratipattirityArekAyAmAha tattinnirNayaH // 15 // tarkAd yathoktalakSaNAdUhAttannirNaya iti / athedAnI sAdhyalakSaNamAha iSTamabAdhitamasiddha sAdhyam // 16 // atrApare dUSaNamAcakSate-Asana-zayana-bhojana-yAna-nidhuvanAderapISTatvAttadapi sAdhyamanuSajyata iti / te'pyatibAlizAH, aprastutapralApitvAt / atra hi sAdhanamadhikriyate, tena sAdhanaviSayatvenepsitamiSTamucyate / idAnIM svAbhihitasAdhyalakSaNasya vizeSaNAni saphalayanasiddhavizeSaNaM samarthayitumAhasandigdhaviparyastAvyutpannAnAM sAdhyatvaM yathAsyAdityasiddhapadamA17 AtA hai| avinAbhAva kA jJAna hone para anumAna AtmalAbha kare aura anumAna ke AtmalAbha karane para avinAbhAva kA jJAna ho| yadi anya anumAna se avinAbhAva kA nizcaya ho to usake bhI avinAbhAva kA grahaNa anya anumAna se hogaa| isa prakAra anavasthA doSa ho jaaygaa| AgamAdi kA bhI bhinna viSaya suprasiddha hI hai, usase bhI avinAbhAva kA jJAna nahIM hogaa| isa prakAra kI zaMkA hone para kahate haiM sUtrArtha-tarka se avinAbhAva kA nirNaya hotA hai // 15 // jisakA lakSaNa pahale kahA jA cukA hai, aise Uha yA tarka se avinAbhAva kA nirNaya hotA hai / / aba sAdhya kA lakSaNa kahate haiMsUtrArtha-iSTa, abAdhita aura asiddha padArtha ko sAdhya kahate haiM / / 16 // sAdhya ke lakSaNa meM naiyAyika dUSaNa dete haiM-Asana, zayana, bhojana, yAna, maithunAdika bhI iSTa haiM ataH unake bhI sAdhyapane kA prasaMga AtA hai ? aisA kahane vAle bhI atyanta markha haiM; kyoMki ve aprastuta pralApI haiN| yahA~ para sAdhana kA adhikAra hai| ataH sAdhana ke viSaya rUpa se icchita vastu ko hI iSTa kahA gayA hai| aba apane dvArA kahe hue sAdhya ke lakSaNa ke vizeSaNoM kI saphalatA batalAte hue asiddha vizeSaNa kA samarthana karane ke lie kahate haiM.. sUtrArtha-saMdigdha, viparyasta aura avyutpanna padArthoM ke sAdhyatva jisa prakAra se ho, ataH sAdhya ke lakSaNa meM asiddha pada diyA hai / / 17 / /
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH tatra sandigdhaM sthANurvA puruSo vetyanavadhAraNenobhayakoTiparAmazisaMzayAkalitaM vastu ucyate / viparyastaM tu viparItAvabhAsiviparyayajJAnaviSayabhUtaM rajatAdiH / avyutpannaM tu nAmajAtisaMkhyAdivizeSAparijJAnenAnirNItaviSayAnavyavasAyagrAhyam / eSAM sAdhyatvapratipAdanArthamasiddhapadopAdAnamityarthaH / adhuneSTAbAdhitavizeSaNadva yasya sAphalyaM darzayannAhaaniSTAdhyakSAdibAdhitayoH sAdhyatvaM mA bhUditISTAbAdhita vacanam // 18 // aniSTo mImAMsakasyAnityaH zabdaH, pratyakSAdibAdhitazcAzrAvaNatvAdiH / AdizabdenAnumAnAgama-loka svavacanabAdhitAnAM grahaNam / tadudAharaNaM cAkiJci yaha ThUTha hai, yA puruSa hai, isa prakAra kucha bhI nizcaya na hone se ubhayakoTi kA parAmarza karane vAlo saMzaya se yukta vastu saMdigdha kahalAtI hai| viparIta vastu kA nizcaya karane vAle viparyaya jJAna ke viSayabhUta ( sIpa meM ) cA~do Adi padArtha viparyasta haiN| avyutpanna se nAma, jAti, saMkhyA Adi kA vizeSa parijJAna na hone se anirNIta viSaya vAle anadhyavasAya jJAna se grAhya padArtha ko aputpanna kahate haiN| sandigdhAdi ke sAdhyatva ke pratipAdana karane ke lie asiddha pada kA grahaNa kiyA hai| aba iSTa aura abAdhita do vizeSaNoM kI saphalatA ko dikhalAte hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha-aniSTa aura pratyakSAdi pramANoM se bAdhita padArthoM ke sAdhyapanA na mAnA jAya, isalie iSTa aura abAdhita do vizeSaNoM kA grahaNa kiyA hai / / 18 // mImAMsaka ke lie zabda ko anitya kahanA aniSTa hai| zabda ko azrAvaNa kahanA pratyakSAdi se bAdhita hai| Adi zabda se anumAna bAdhita ( zabda apariNAmI hai; kyoMki vaha kRtaka hai, ghaTa ke samAna ), Agama bAdhita (dharma paraloka meM sukhaprada nahIM hai; kyoMki puruSa ke Azrita hai, adharma ke samAna ), loka bAdhita ( manuSya kA ziraHkapAla pavitra hai| kyoMki vaha prANI kA aMga hai, zaMkha aura sIpa ke samAna), svavacana bAdhita ( merI mAtA vandhyA hai; kyoMki puruSa kA saMyoga hone para garbha dhAraNa nahIM. karatI hai, jaise prasiddha vandhyA ) kA grahaNa hotA hai| inake udAharaNa
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________________ 24 prameyaratnamAlAyAM tkarasya hetvAbhAsasya nirUpaNAvasare svayameva granthakAraH prapaJcayiSyatItyuparamyate / tatrAsiddhapadaM prativAdyapekSayaiva, iSTapadaM tu vAdyapekSayeti vizeSamupadarzayi*tumAha na cAsiddhavadiSTaM prativAdinaH // 19 // ayamarthaH-na hi sarvaM sarvApekSayA vizeSaNam, api tu kiMcit kamapyuddizya * bhavatIti / asiddhavaditi vyatirekamukhenodAharaNam / yathA-asiddhaM prativAdyapekSayA, na tatheSTamityarthaH / kuta etadityAha pratyAyanAya hocchA vaktureva // 20 // icchAyAH khalu viSayIkRtamiSTamucyate / pratyAyanAya hIcchA vaktureveti / akiJcitkara hetvAbhAsa ke nirUpaNa ke avasara para svayaM hI granthakAra vistAra se kaheMge, ataH virAma lete haiN| tInoM ke madhya meM asiddha pada prativAdI kI apekSA hI grahaNa kiyA hai, iSTa pada vAdI kI apekSA grahaNa kiyA hai, aisA bheda pradarzita karane ke lie . kahate haiM __ sUtrArtha-asiddha ke samAna iSTa vizeSaNa prativAdI kI apekSA se nahIM hai // 19 // yaha artha hai-sabhI vizeSaNa sabhI kI apekSA se nahIM hote haiM, apitu koI vizeSaNa kisI kI apekSA hotA hai aura koI kisI kI apekSA hotA haiM arthAt koI vizeSaNa vAdI kI apekSA hotA hai, koI prativAdI kI apekSA se hotA hai / 'asiddha ke samAna' yaha vyatireka mukha se udAharaNa diyA gayA hai| jaise asiddha vizeSaNa prativAdI kI apekSA kahA gayA, vaha usa prakAra se iSTa nahIM hai arthAt asiddha vizeSaNa vAdI kI apekSA kahA gayA hai| yaha kaise ? isake viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-dUsare ko pratibodhita karane ke lie icchA vaktA kI hI hotI hai // 20 // icchA kA viSayabhUta padArtha iSTa kahalAtA hai| dUsaroM ko pratibodhita * karane kI icchA vaktA kI hI hotI hai| . .
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH tacca sAdhyaM dharmaH kiM vA tadvi ziSTo dharmIti prazne tabhedaM darzayannAha sAdhyaM dharmaH kvacittadviziSTo vA dharmoM // 21 // sopaskArANi vAkyAni bhavanti / tato'yamartho labhyate-vyAptikAlApekSayA tu sAdhyaM dharmaH / kvacitprayogakAlApekSayA tu tadviziSTo dharmI sAdhyaH / asyaiva dharmiNo nAmAntaramAha pakSa iti yAvat // 22 // nanu dharma-dharmisamudAyaH pakSa iti pakSasvarUpasya purAtananirUpitatvAddharmiNastadvacane kathaM na rAddhAntavirodha iti ? navam; sAdhyadharmAdhAratayA vizeSitasya dharmiNaH pakSatvavacane'pi doSAnavakAzAt / racanAvaicitryamAtreNa tAtparyasyAnirAkRtatvAt siddhAntAvirodhAt / ___ atrAhaM saugataH-bhavatu nAma dharmI pakSavyapadezabhAk; tathApi savikalpakabuddhI parivartamAna eva, na vAstavaH / sarva evAnumAnAnumeyavyavahAro buddhayArUDhena dharma vaha sAdhya kyA dharma hotA hai athavA dharma viziSTa dharmI, aisA prazna hone para usakA bheda dikhAte hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha-kahIM para dharma sAdhya hotA hai aura kahIM para dharma viziSTa dharmI // 21 // vAkya adhyAhAra sahita hote haiN| ataH yaha artha prApta hotA haivyAptikAla kI apekSA to sAdhya dharma hotA hai| kahIM para prayogakAla kI apekSA dharma se viziSTa dharmI sAdhya hotA hai / isI dharmI kA dUsarA nAma kahate haiMsUtrArtha-usa dharmI ko pakSa kahate haiM // 22 / / zaGkA-dharma aura dharmI ke samudAya ko pakSa kahate haiM, aisA pakSa kA svarUpa akalaMka devAdi ne nirUpita kiyA hai| dharmI ko hI pakSa kahane para siddhAnta se virodha kaise nahIM hogA? samAdhAna-aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki sAdhyadharma ke AdhAra se vizeSita dharmI ko pakSa kahane para bhI doSa kA avakAza nahIM hai| dharmadharmI samudAya pakSa hai, isa prakAra racanA ke vaicitrya mAtra se hI tAtparya kA nirAkaraNa nahIM kie jAne se siddhAnta kA virodha nahIM AtA hai / bauddha-dharmI pakSa nAma ko bhale hI pAye, tathApi savikalpabuddhi meM ho vartamAna hai, vAstavika nahIM / ( jaise-kezoNDuka jJAna ) / samasta hI anumAna-anumeya kA vyavahAra vikalpabuddhi se gRhIta dharma-dharmI ke nyAya se hotA
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________________ 96 prameyaratnamAlAyAM dharmiyAyena na bahiH sadasattvamapekSate ityAbhidhAnAditi tannirAsArthamAha prasiddho dharmI // 23 // ____ ayamarthaH-neyaM vikalpabuddhirbahirantarvA'nAsAditAlambanabhAvA dharmiNaM vyavasthApayati, tadavAstavatvena tadAdhArasAdhya-sAdhanayorapi vAstavattvAnupapattestabudheH pAramparyeNApi vastuvyavasthAnibandhanatvAyogAt / tato vikalpanAnyena vA vyavasthApitaH parvatAdiviSayabhAvaM bhajanneva dharmitAM pratipadyata iti sthitaM prasiddho dharmIti / tatprasiddhizca kvacidvikalpataH kvacitpramANataH kvaciccobhayata iti naikAntena vikalpArUDhasya pramANaprasiddhasya vA dhamitvam / nanu dharmiNo vikalpAtpratipattI kiM tatra sAdhyamityAzaGkAyAmAhavikalpasiddhe tasmin sattetare sAdhye // 24 // hai, vaha bAhya sat yA asat kI apekSA nahIM karatA hai, aisA kahA gayA hai| uparyukta mata ke nirAkaraNa ke lie kahate haiMsatrArtha-dharmI prasiddha hotA hai // 23 // isakA artha yaha hai-viSayabhAva ko prApta kie binA yaha vikalpabuddhi dharmI ko vyavasthApita nahIM karatI hai kyoMki usa dharmI ke avAstavika hone se, usake AdhArabhUta sAdhya aura sAdhana ke bhI vAstavikatA nahIM bana sakatI hai, isalie anumAna buddhi ke paramparA se ( dhUma sAmAnya se agni sAmAnya, usase dhUma vikalpa, usase agni kA vikalpa, anantara dhUma svalakSaNa, usase agni svalakSaNa kA nizcaya hotA hai, isa prakAra paramparA se vastu vyavasthA ke kAraNapane kA ayoga hai| anantara vikalpabuddhi se athavA anya pramANa se nirNIta parvatAdiviSaya bhAvako svIkAra karate hue hI dharmIpane ko prApta ho sakatA hai, isa prakAra yaha bAta siddha huI ki dharmI prasiddha hotA hai| usakI prasiddhi kahIM vikalpa se, kahIM pramANa, kahIM vikalpa aura pramANa se hotI hai / isa prakAra yaha koI ekAnta nahIM hai ki kevala vikalpa se gRhIta athavA pramANa se prasiddha padArtha ke dharmIpanA ho| bhATTa-dharmI kI vikalpa se pratipatti mAnane para vahA~ sAdhya kyA hai ? bhATTa kI aisI AzaMkA hone para kahate haiM sUtrArtha-usa vikalpa siddha dharmI meM sattA aura asattA ye donoM hI sAdhya haiM // 24 //
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH 97 tasmin dharmiNi vikalpasiddhe sattA ca tadapekSayetarA'sattA ca te dve'pi sAdhye; sunirNItAsambhava dvAdhakapramANabalena yogyAnupalabdhibalena ceti zeSaH / atrodAharaNamAha asti sarvajJo nAsti kharaviSANam // 25 // sugamam / bhAvAbhAvobhayadharmANAmasiddha viruddhAnaikAntikatvAda nanu dharmiNya siddhasattAke numAnaviSayatvAyogAt kathaM sattetarayoH sAdhyatvam ? taduktam asiddho bhAvadharmazced vyabhicArya bhayAzritaH / viruddho dharmo'bhAvasya sA sattA sAdhyate katham // 21 // iti tadayuktam; mAnasapratyakSe bhAvarUpasyaiva dharmiNaH pratipannatvAt / na ca tatsiddhI tatsattvasyApi pratipannatvAd vyarthamanumAnam; tadabhyupetamapi vaiyyAtyAdyadA paro usa dharmI ke vikalpa siddha hone para sattA aura usakI apekSA dUsarI asattA ye donoM hI sAdhya haiN| sunizcita asambhava bAdhaka pramANa ke bala se sattA sAdhya hai aura yogya kI anupalabdhi ke bala se asattA sAdhya hai / yahA~ para udAharaNa kahate haiM sUtrArtha - sarvajJa hai, kharaviSANa ( gadhe kA sIMga ) nahIM hai // 25 // yaha sUtra sugama hai / mImAMsaka - jisakI sattA asiddha hai aise dharmI ke hone para bhAva aura abhAva ubhaya dharmoM ke asiddha, viruddha aura anaikAntikapane ke kAraNa anumAna ke viSayapane kA yoga na hone sattA aura asattA meM sAdhyapanA kaise hai ? jaisA ki kahA gayA hai / zlokArtha - sunizcitAsambhava bAdhaka pramANatva hetu sarvajJa kA bhAvarUpa dharma hai to sarvajJa ke samAna hetu bhI asiddha hai / ( kauna vyakti aisA hogA jo sarvajJa ke bhAva rUpa dharma kI icchA karatA huA sarvajJa ko hI na cAhe ) / yadi abhAva rUpa dharma hai to vaha viruddha hai / ( kyoMki sarvajJa ke abhAva rUpa dharma se sarvajJa ke nAstitva kI hI siddhi hogI ) / hetu yadi sarvajJa kA bhAva aura abhAva rUpa dharma hai to vyabhicArI hetu hai; ( kyoMki sapakSa aura vipakSa meM vidyamAna hai ) vaha sarvajJa kI sattA kaise siddha kara sakatA hai // 21 // jaina - ApakA yaha kahanA ayukta hai; kyoMki mAnasa pratyakSa meM bhAvarUpa hI dharmI ( sarvajJa ) prasiddha hai / aisA bhI nahIM kaha sakate haiM ki sarvajJa kI siddhi hone para usakA sattva rUpa dharma bhI prasiddha hogA, ataH anumAna
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________________ prameyarasnamAlAyAM na pratipadyate tadA'numAnasya sAphalyAt / na ca mAnasajJAnAd gaganakusumAderapi sadbhAvasambhAvanA'to'tiprasaGga; tajjJAnasya bAdhakapratyayavyapAkRtasattAkavastuviSayatayA mAnasapratyakSAbhAsatvAt / kathaM tarhi turagazRGgAdedhamitvamiti na codyam; dharmiprayogakAle bAdhakapratyayAnudayAtsattvasambhAvanopapatteH / na ca sarvajJAdI sAdhakapramANAsattvena sattvaM prati saMzItiH, sunizcitAsambhavadvAdhakapramANatvena sukhAdAviva sattvanizcayAtatra saMzayAyogAt / idAnI pramANobhayasiddha dharmiNi kiM sAdhyamityAzaGkAyAmAha pramANobhayasiddhe ta sAdhyadharmaviziSTatA // 26 // 'sAdhye' itizabdaH prAk dvivacanAnto'pyarthavazAdekavacanAntatayA sambadhyate pramANaM cobhayaM ca vikalpapramANadvayam, tAbhyAM siddha dharmiNi sAdhyadharmaviziSTatA vyartha hai| svIkRta bhI sarvajJakA sadbhAva dhRSTatA ke kAraNa kA sarvajJa kA abhAvavAdI yadi svIkAra nahIM karatA hai, taba anumAna kI sArthakatA hai hii| mAnasa jJAna se AkAza kusumAdi kI sambhAvanA hai aura usake mAnane para atiprasaMga doSa hotA hai, aisA bhI nahIM kaha skte| kyoMki AkAza kusuma kA jJAna bAdhaka pratIti se nirAkRta kara dI gayI hai sattA jisakI aisI vastu ko viSaya karane se mAnasa pratyakSAbhAsa hai| zaGkA-to ghor3e ke sIMga Adi ke dharmIpanA kaise sambhava hai ? samAdhAna-aisI zaMkA nahIM karanA caahie| dharmI ke prayoga kAla meM bAdhaka pratIti ke udaya na hone se ghor3e ke sIMga ke sattva kI sambhAvanA bana jAtI hai| sarvajJa Adi meM sAdhaka pramANa na hone usakI sattA ke viSaya meM saMzaya hai, aisA nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki sunizcita asambhava bAdhaka pramANa hone se sukhAdi ke samAna sattva kA nizcaya hone se sarvajJa ke astitva meM saMzaya kA yoga nahIM hai| isa samaya pramANasiddha aura ubhayasiddha dharmI meM sAdhya kyA hai ? aiso AzaMkA hone para kahate haiM___satrArtha-pramANa siddha aura ubhayasiddha dharmI meM sAdhya dharma se viziSTatA hotI hai / / 26 / / 'sAdhye' yaha zabda pahale dvivacanAnta hote hue bhI artha ke vaza se ekavacanAnta ke rUpa se sambaddha kiyA gayA hai| pramANa aura ubhaya arthAt vikalpa aura pramANa ina donoM se siddha dharmI meM sAdhyadharma viziSTatA
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________________ 99 tRtIyaH samuddezaH sAdhyA / ayamarthaH -pramANapratipannamapi vastu viziSTadharmAghAratayA vivAdapadamArohatIti sAdhyatA nAtivartata iti / evamubhayasiddhe'pi yojyam / pramANobhayasiddhaM dharmidvayaM krameNa darzayannAhaagnimAnayaM dezaH pariNAmI zabda iti yathA // 27 // dezo hi pratyakSaNa siddhaH, zabdastubhayasiddhaH / na hi pratyakSaNAgdirzibhiraniyatadigdezakAlAvacchinnAH sarve zabdA nizcetuM pAryante / sarvadarzinastu tannizcaye'pi taM pratyanumAnAnarthakyAt / prayogakAlApekSayA dharmaviziSTadharmiNaH sAdhyatvamabhidhAya vyAptikAlApekSayA sAdhyaniyamaM darzayannAha vyAptau tu sAdhyaM dharma eva // 28 // sugamam / sAdhya hai| isakA artha yaha hai-pramANa se jAnI gaI bhI ( parvatAdi) vastu viziSTa dharma kA AdhAra hone se vivAda kA viSaya ho jAtI hai, sAdhyatA kA ullaMghana nahIM karatI hai / isa prakAra ubhayasiddha meM bhI yojanA karanI caahie| __ pramANasiddha aura ubhayasiddha donoM dharmiyoM ke krama ko dikhalAte hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha-jaise yaha pradeza agni vAlA hai aura zabda pariNAmI hai // 27 // pradeza pratyakSa se siddha hai, zabda ubhayasiddha hai| pratyakSa se alpajJa puruSa aniyata digdezakAlavartI samasta zabda nizcita karanA sambhava nahIM hai| sarvadarzI ke aniyata digdeza-kAlavartI zabdoM ke nizcaya hone para bhI usake (sarvajJa ke ) lie anumAna kA prayoga nirarthaka hai|| anumAna prayoga kAla kI apekSA se dharma viziSTa dharmI ke sAdhyapane kA kathana karake vyApti kAla kI apekSA sAdhya niyama niyama ko dikhalAte hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha-vyAptikAla meM to dharma hI sAdhya hotA hai // 28 // vizeSa-jahA~-jahA~ dhaA~ hotA hai, vahA~-vahA~ agni hotI hai, isa prakAra vyApti hone para prayoga kAla meM dharma hI sAdhya hotA hai, vyApti ke samaya dharmI sAdhya nahIM hotA hai| agni hI sAdhya hotI hai, agniviziSTa parvata nhiiN| yaha sUtra sugama hai|
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________________ 100 prameyaratnamAlAyAM dharmiNo'pi sAdhyatve ko doSa ityatrAha - anyathA tadaghaTanAt // 29 // uktaviparyaye'nyathAzabdaH / dharmiNaH sAdhyatve tadaghaTanAt vyAptyaghaTanAditi hetuH / na hi dhUmadarzanAtsarvatra parvato'gnimAniti vyAptiH zakyA kartum; pramANavirodhAt / nanu anumAne pakSaprayogasyAsambhavAt prasiddho dharmItyAdivacanamayuktam; tasya sAmarthya labdhatvAt / tathApi tadvacane punaruktatAprasaGgAt / arthAdApannasyApi punarvacanaM punaruktamityabhidhAnAditi saugatastatrAhasAdhyadharmAdhArasandehApanodAya gamyamAnasyApi pakSasya vacanam // 30 sAdhyameva dharmastasyAdhArastatra sandeho mahAnasAdiH parvatAdirveti / tasyApanodo dharmI ke bhI sAdhya hone para kyA doSa hai, isake viSaya meM kahate haiMsUtrArtha - anyathA vyApti ghaTita nahIM ho sakatI // 29 // vizeSa - vyApti meM dharmI ke bhI sAdhya hone para vyApti bana nahIM sakatI hai / jahA~-jahA~ dhUma hai, vahA~ vahA~ agni vAlA parvata hai, aisI vyApti karanA sambhava nahIM hai, pratyakSa se virodha AtA hai, anumAna bhI asambhava hotA hai / vyApti meM sAdhyaviziSTa dharmI ko sAdhya banAne se hetu ke prati anvaya kI asiddhi hotI hai / sUtra meM anyathA zabda Upara kahe gaye artha ke viparIta artha meM kahA gayA hai / dharmI ko sAdhya banAne para vyApti nahIM banatI hai, yaha hetu hai / dhue~ ke dekhane se saba jagaha parvata agni vAlA hai, isa prakAra kI vyApti karanA sambhava nahIM hai; kyoMki ( sAdhya sAdhana bhAva ke asambhava hone se ) pramANa se virodha AtA hai | bauddha -- anumAna meM pakSa prayoga ke asambhava hone se dharmI prasiddha hotA hai, yaha vacana ayukta hai, pakSa to hetu ke sAmarthya se hI jAnA jAtA haisAdhya sAdhana kI sAmarthya se prApta hotA hai; sAmarthya se jAnakArI hone para bhI pakSa kA kathana karane para punarukta doSa AtA hai / artha se prApta hone vAle padArtha ke punaH kahane ko punarukta kahate haiN| isa prakAra kahA gayA hai / isake uttara meM jainoM kA kahanA hai sUtrArtha - sAdhyadharma ke AdhAra meM utpanna hue sandeha ko dUra karane ke lie gamyamAna bhI pakSa kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai / / 30 / / sAdhya hI dharma hai, usakA AdhAra ( pakSa ), usameM yadi sandeha ho ki .
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH 101 vyavacchedastadartha gamyamAnasyApi sAdhyasAdhanayoApyavyApakabhAvapradarzanAnyathAnupapattestadAdhArasya gamyamAnasyApi pakSasya vacanaM prayogaH / atrodAharaNamAhasAdhyamiNi sAdhanadharmAvabodhanAya pakSadharmopasaMhAravat // 31 // sAdhyena viziSTo dharmI parvatAdistatra sAdhanadharmAvabodhanAya pakSadharmopasaMhAravat pakSadharmasya hetorupasaMhAra upanayastadvaditi / ayamarthaH-sAdhyavyAptasAdhanapradarzanena tadAdhArAvagatAvapi niyatamisambandhitApradarzanArthaM yathopanayastathA sAdhyasya viziSTadhamisambandhitAvabodhanAya pakSavacanamapIti / kiJca-hetuprayoge'pi samarthanamavazyaM vaktavyam; asamarthitasya hetutvAyogAt / tathA ca samarthanopanyAsAdeva hetoH sAmarthyasiddhatvAddhetuprayogo'narthakaH syAt / hetuprayogAbhAve kasya samarthanamiti cet pakSa isa sAdhya rUpa dharma kA AdhAra yahA~ rasoIghara Adi hai yA parvata hai usakA apanoda-vyavaccheda karane ke lie gamyamAna bhI yadi pakSa kA prayoga na kiyA jAya to sAdhya-sAdhana ke vyApya vyApaka bhAva rUpa sambandha kA pradarzana anyathA nahIM bana sktaa| ataH hetu kI sAmarthya se jJAta hone vAle pakSa kA prayoga karanA hI caahie| yahA~ para udAharaNa kahate haiM sUtrArtha-jaise sAdhya se yukta dharmI meM sAdhanadharma ke jJAna karAne ke lie pakSa dharma ke upasaMhAra rUpa upanaya kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai / / 31 / / ___ sAdhya se viziSTa jo dharmI parvatAdika, usameM sAdhana dharma kA jJAna karane ke lie pakSa dharma ke upasaMhAra ke samAna pakSa dharma jo hetu usake upasaMhAra ko upanaya kahate haiM-usake samAna ( usI prakAra yaha dhamavAn hai)| yaha artha hai-sAdhya ke sAtha vyApta sAdhana ke pradarzana se usake AdhAra ke avagata ho jAne para bhI niyata dharmI ke sAtha sambandhapanA batalAne ke lie jaise upanaya kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra sAdhya kA viziSTa dharmI ke sAtha sambandhapanA batalAne ke lie jaise upanaya Avazyaka hai, usI prakAra sAdhya kA viziSTa dharmI ke sAtha sambandhapanA batalAne ke lie pakSa kA vacana bhI Avazyaka hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki hetu kA prayoga karane para bhI samarthana avazya karanA cAhie, kyoMki asamarthita hetu nahIM ho sktaa| aisA hone para jaba samarthana ke kathana se hI hetu sAmarthya siddha hai, phira hetu kA prayoga karanA anarthaka hai| he bauddha yadi Apa aisA kahate haiM ki hetu ke prayoga ke abhAva meM kisakA samarthana
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________________ 102 prameyaratnamAlAyAM prayogAbhAve kva heturvartatAmiti samAnametat / tasmAtkAryasvabhAvAnupalambhabhedena pakSadharmatvAdibhedena ca tridhA hetumuktvA samarthayamAnena pakSaprayogo'pyabhyupagantavya eveti / amumevArthamAha ko vA tridhA hetumuktvA samarthayamAno na pakSayati // 32 // ko vA vAdI prativAdI cetyarthaH / kilArthe vA zabdaH / yuktyA pakSaprayogasyAvazyambhAve kaH kila na pakSayati, pakSaM na karoti ? api tu karotyeva / kiM kRtvA ? hetumuktvaiva na punaranuktvetyarthaH / samarthanaM hi hetorasiddhatvAdidoSaparihAreNa svasAdhya-sAdhana-sAmarthya- prarUpaNapravaNaM vacanam / tacca hetuprayogottarakAlaM pareNAGgIkRtamityuktveti vacanam / , nanu bhavatu pakSaprayogastathApi pakSahetudRSTAntabhedena zrayavayavamanumAnamiti sAGkhyaH / pratijJAhetUdAharaNopanayabhedena caturavayavamiti mImAMsakaH / pratijJAhetU - hogA ? to hamArA kahanA hai ki pakSa ke prayoga ke abhAva meM hetu kI pravRtti kahA~ hogI ? donoM jagaha samAnatA hai / isalie kArya, svabhAva aura anupalambha ke bheda se tathA pakSadharmatvAdi ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hetu kahakara samarthana karanevAle bauddha ko pakSa kA prayoga svIkAra karanA hI cAhie / aba AcArya isI uparyukta artha ko unakA upahAsa karate hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha - aisA kauna hai, jo ki tIna prakAra ke hetu ko kaha karake usakA samarthana karatA huA bhI pakSa prayoga na kare / / 32 / / kauna aisA ( laukika yA parIkSaka ) vAdI yA prativAdI hai ? nizcaya ke artha meM vA zabda hai / yukti se pakSa kA prayoga avazyambhAvI hone para kauna pakSa kA prayoga nahIM karatA hai ? apitu karatA hI hai / kyA karake ? hetu kA kathana karake hI, kathana na karake nahIM, yaha artha hai / hetu ke asiddhatva Adi doSoM kA parihAra karake apane sAdhya ke sAdhana karane kI sAmarthya ke prakaTIkaraNa meM samartha vacana ko samarthana kahate haiM / vaha samarthana hetu prayoga ke uttara kAla meM bauddhoM ne svIkAra kiyA hai / ataH 'uktvA ' yaha vacana sUtra meM kahA hai / sAMkhya kA kahanA hai ki pakSa kA prayoga hove, tathApi pakSa, hetu evaM dRSTAnta ke bheda se anumAna ke tIna avayava honA caahie| mImAMsaka
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH 103 dAharaNopanaya nigamanabhedAtpaJcAvayavamiti yogaH / tanmatamapAkurvan svamata siddhamavayavadvayamevopadarzayannAha - etaddvayamevAnumAnAGgaM nodAharaNam // 33 // etayoH pakSahetvordvayameva nAtiriktamityarthaH / evakAreNavAdAharaNAdivyavacchede siddhe'pi paramatanirAsArthaM punarnodAharaNamityuktam / taddhi kiM sAdhyapratipattyarthamutasvid hetoravinAbhAvaniyamArthamAhosvid vyAptismaraNArthamiti vikalpAn krameNa dUSayannAha -- na hi tatsAdhyapratipattyaGgaM tatra yathoktahetoreva vyApArAt // 34 // tadudAharaNaM sAdhyapratipatteraGgaM kAraNaM neti sambandha: / tatra sAdhyapratipattau yathoktasya sAdhyAvinAbhAvitvena nizcitasya hetorvyApArAditi / kahate haiM ki pratijJA, hetu, udAharaNa aura upanaya ke bheda se anumAna ke cAra avayava honA caahie| yogoM kA kahanA hai ki pratijJA, hetu, udAharaNa, upanaya aura nigamana ke bheda se anumAna ke pA~ca avayava hone cAhie | unake mata kA nirAkaraNa karate hue svamatasiddha do avayava hI dikhalAte hue kahate haiM sutrArtha - pakSa aura hetu ye donoM hI anumAna ke aMga haiM, udAharaNAdi nahIM // 33 // pakSa aura hetu ye donoM hI anumAna ke aMga haiN| isase adhika nahIM, yaha artha hai / evakAra se hI udAharaNAdi kA vyavaccheda siddha hone para bhI dUsare ke mata kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie 'udAharaNAdi' nahIM, aisA kahA hai / vaha udAharaNa kyA sAdhya ke jJAna ke lie hai yA hetu ke avinAbhAva ke niyama ke lie hai yA vyApti ke smaraNa ke lie hai / isa prakAra ke vikalpoM ko krama se dUSita karate hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha - vaha udAharaNa sAdhya kI jAnakArI kA aMga nahIM hai, sAdhya ke parijJAna meM sAdhya ke prati jisakA avinAbhAva sambandha hai aise nizcita hetu kA hI vyApAra hotA hai // 34 // vaha udAharaNa sAdhya ke parijJAna kA aMga - kAraNa nahIM hai, isa prakAra kA sambandha ghaTita kara lenA caahie| usa sAdhya ke jJAna meM yathokta sAdhya ke prati avinAbhAva sambandha hai, aise nizcita hetu kA hI vyApAra hotA hai|
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________________ 104 prameyaratnamAlAyAM dvitIyavikalpaM zodhayannAhatadavinAbhAvanizcayArtha vA vipakSe bAdhakAdeva tatsiddheH // 35 // taditi [ anu- ] vartate, neti ca / tenAyamarthaH tadudAharaNaM tena sAdhyenAvinAbhAvanizcayArtha vA na bhavatIti; vipakSe bAdhakAdeva ttsiddhrvinaabhaavnishcysiddhH| kiJca-vyaktirUpaM nidarzanaM tatkathaM sAkalyena vyApti gamayet ? vyaktyantareSu vyAptyarthaM punarudAharaNAntaraM magyam / tasyApi vyaktirUpatvena sAmastyena vyApteravadhArayitumazakyatvAdaparApara-tadantarApekSAyAmanavasthA syAt / / etadevA''havyaktirUpaM ca nidarzanaM sAmAnyena tu vyAptistatrApi tadvipratipattAvanavasthAnaM syAd dRSTAntAntarApekSaNAt // 36 // dvitIya vikalpa athavA hetu kA avinAbhAva niyama batalAne ke lie udAharaNa kA prayoga Avazyaka hai, isakA zodhana karate hue kahA hai sUtrArtha-yadi vaha udAharaNa sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva ke nizcaya ke lie hI ho to vipakSa meM bAdhaka pramANa se hI avinAbhAva siddha ho jAtA hai // 35 // sUtra meM 'tat' aura 'na' ina do padoM kI anuvRtti karanA caahie| isase yaha artha prApta hotA hai-vaha udAharaNa usa sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva sambandha kA nizcaya karane ke lie bhI kAraNa nahIM hai| kyoMki vipakSa ( jalAzayAdi meM ) bAdhaka ( tarka ) se hI usakI siddhi ho jAtI hai, ataH avinAbhAva kI nizcita siddhi hotI hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki udAharaNa eka vyakti rUpa hotA hai, vaha sarva deza, kAla ke upasaMhAra se vyApti kA jJAna kaise karAyegA ? anya vizeSoM meM vyApti ke anya udAharaNa khoja lenA caahie| anya udAharaNa bhI vyakti rUpa hogA / ataH samasta deza kAla ke upasaMhAra se vaha bhI vyApti kA nizcaya karAne ke lie azakya hogaa| isa prakAra anya-anya udAharaNoM kI apekSA karane para anavasthA doSa hotA hai| tAtparya yaha ki vyApti viSayaka sandeha ko dUra karane ke lie yadi udAharaNa anveSaNa karane yogya hai to vahA~ bhI sAmAnya se vyApti viSayaka sandeha ko dUra karane ke lie anya udAharaNa honA cAhie, isa prakAra anavasthA doSa hogaa| isI bAta ko kahate haiMsUtrArtha-nidarzana ( vizeSa AdhAra vAlA hone se ) vizeSa rUpa hotA
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH 105 tatrApi udAharaNe'pi tadvipratipatto saamaanyvyaaptiviprtipttaavityrthH| zeSa vyAkhyAtam / tRtIyavikalpe dUSaNamAhanApi vyAptismaraNArtha tathAvidhahetuprayogAdeva tatsmRteH // 37 // gRhItasambandhasya hetupradarzanenaiva vyAptisiddhiH / agRhItasambandhasya dRSTAntazatenApi na tatsmaraNam; anubhUtaviSayatvAtsmaraNasyeti bhAvaH / tadevamudAharaNaprayogasya sAdhyA prati nopayogitvam ; pratyuta saMzayahetutvameveti darzayatitatparamabhidhIyamAnaM sAdhyamiNi sAdhyasAdhane sandehayati / 38 // hai / aura vyApti sAmAnya se hotI hai| udAharaNa meM bhI vyApti viSayaka vivAda hone para anya dRSTAnta kI apekSA anavasthA doSa hotA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki udAharaNa vyakti rUpa hotA hai, usa udAharaNa meM sthita vyApti sAmAnya rUpa vAlI hotI hai / anyatra pradeza meM aisI vyApti hogI, isa viSaya meM jo sandeha hotA hai, usake nirAkaraNa ke lie udAharaNa kA kathana karanA cAhie / vahA~ para bhI sAmAnya vyApti kA sadbhAva hai| usake parihAra ke punaH udAharaNa khojanA cAhie, isa prakAra anavasthA doSa hotA hai // 36 // usa udAharaNa meM bhI sAmAnya vyApti meM vivAda hone para, yaha artha hotA hai| zeSa kI vyAkhyA hI ho cukI hai| tRtIya vikalpa-vyApti kA smaraNa karane ke lie udAharaNa kA prayoga / Avazyaka hai, isa viSaya meM dUSaNa kahate haiM sUtrArtha-vyApti kA smaraNa karane ke lie bhI udAharaNa kA prayoga Avazyaka nahIM hai| kyoMki sAdhya ke avinAbhAvi hetu ke prayoga se ho vyApti kA smaraNa ho jAtA hai // 37 // jisane sAdhdha ke sAtha sAdhana kA sambandha grahaNa kiyA hai, aise puruSa ko hetu ke dikhalAne se hI vyApti kI siddhi ho jaaygii| jisane sambandha ko grahaNa nahIM kiyA hai ( jo rasoIghara meM kevala dhue~ aura agni ke saMbaMdha ko jAnatA hai, parantu jahA~ dhUma hai vahA~ agni hai, isa prakAra jisake sambandha -grahaNa nahIM hai ) aise vyakti ko saikar3oM dRSTAMtoM se bhI vyApti kA smaraNa nahIM hogA, kyoMki smaraNa kA viSaya anubhUta viSaya hai| ataH isa prakAra udAharaNa kA prayoga sAdhya ke lie upayogI nahIM hai, apitu saMzaya kA hI hetu hai, isa bAta ko dikhalAte haiM sUtrArtha-kevala udAharaNa kA hI prayoga kiyA jAya to vaha sAdhya
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM tadudAharaNaM paraM kevalamabhidhIyamAnaM sAdhyamiNi sAdhyaviziSTe dhamiNi sAdhyasAdhane sandehayati sandehavatI karoti / dRSTAntarmiNi sAdhyavyAptasAdhanopadarzane'pi sAdhyamiNi tannirNayasya katu mazakyatvAditi zeSaH / amumevArtha vyatirekamukhena samarthayamAnaH prAha kuto'nyathopanayanigamane // 39 // anyathA saMzayahetutvAbhAve kasmAddhetorupanayanigamane prayujyate / aparaH prAha-upanayanigamanayorapyanukAnAGgatvameva; tadaprayoge niravakarasAdhyasaMvitterayogAditi / taniSedhArthamAhana ca te tadaMge; sAdhyamiNi hetusAdhyayorvacanAdevAsaMzayAt // 40 // te upanayanigamane'pi vakSyamANalakSaNe tasyAnumAnasyAGge na bhavataH; sAdhyagharmiNi hetusAdhyayorvacanAdevetyevakAreNa dRSTAntAdikamantareNetyarthaH / dharma vAle dharmI meM sAdhya ke siddha karane meM sandeha karA detA hai // 38 / / vaha udAharaNa para kevala kahA gayA sAdhya dharmI meM-sAdhyaviziSTa dharmI meM sAdhya ke sAdhana karane meM sandeha yakta kara detA hai / dRSTAnta dhamI ( rasoIghara Adi meM ) sAdhya se vyApta sAdhana ke dikhalAne para bho sAdhyadharmI ( parvatAdika ) meM sAdhya vyApta sAdhana kA nirNaya karanA sambhava nahIM hai| isI artha ko vyatireka mukha se samarthana karate hue kahate haiM satrArtha-anyathA upanaya aura nigamana kA prayoga kyoM kiyA jAtA // 39 // udAharaNa yadi sAdhyaviziSTa dharmI meM sAdhya kA sAdhana karane meM sandeha yukta na karatA to kisa kAraNa upanaya aura nigamana kA prayoga kiyA jaataa| yoga-upanaya aura nigamana bhI anumAna ke aMga haiM, unakA prayoga na karane para asaMdigdha rUpa se sAdhya kA jJAna nahIM ho sakatA hai| ukta kathana kA niSedha karane ke lie kahate haiM sUtrArtha-upanaya aura nigamana anumAna ke aMga nahIM haiM, kyoMki hetu aura sAdhya ke bolane se ho saMzaya nahIM rahatA hai / / 40 / / jinakA lakSaNa Age kahA jA rahA hai, ve upanaya aura nigamana bhI anumAna ke aMga nahIM haiM; kyoMki sAdhyadharmI meM hetu aura sAdhya ke vacana se hI sandeha nahIM rahatA hai / 'eva' pada se dRSTAntAdika ke binA-yaha artha grahaNa karanA cAhie / ( dRSTAntAdika meM Adi pada se upanaya aura nigamana, kA grahaNa hotA hai)|
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH kiJcAbhidhAyApi dRSTAntAdikaM samarthanamavazyaM vaktavyam; asamarthitasyAhetutvAditi / tadeva varaM heturUpamanumAnAvayavo vAstu, sAdhyasiddhau tasyaivopayogAt / nodAharaNAdikam / etadevA''ha samarthanaM vA varaM heturUpamanumAnAvayavo vA'stu; sAdhye tadupayogAt // 41 // prathamo vAzabda evakArArthe / dvitIyastu pakSAntarasUcane / zeSaM sugamam / nanu dRSTAntAdikamantareNa mandadhiyAmavabodhayitumazakyatvAt kathaM pakSahetuprayoga-mAtreNa teSAM sAdhyapratipattiriti ? tatrAha bAlavyutpatyarthaM tattrayopagame zAstra evAsau, na vAde'nupayogAt // 42 // bAlAnAmalpaprajJAnAM vyutpattyarthaM teSAmudAharaNAdInAM trayopagame zAstra evAsau tasyopagamo na vAde / na hi vAdakAle ziSyA vyutpAdyAH, vyutpannAnAmeva tatrAdhi-kArAditi / 107 dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki dRSTAntAdi kA kathana karake bhI samarthana avazya hI kahanA cAhie; kyoMki jisa hetu kA samarthana na huA ho, vaha hetu nahIM ho sakatA hai / isa prakAra samarthana hI hetu kA uttama rUpa hai / vahI anumAna kA avayava ho; kyoMki sAdhya kI siddhi meM usakA hI upayoga hai / udAharaNAdi ko nahIM kahanA caahie| isI bAta ko kahate haiM sUtrArtha - samarthana hI hetu kA yathArtha rUpa hai, vahI anumAna kA avayava ho; kyoMki sAdhya kI siddhi meM usI kA upayoga hotA hai // 41 // sUtra meM prayukta prathama vA zabda evakAra ke artha meM hai / dUsarA ' vA '' zabda anya pakSa kI sUcanA karatA hai| sUtra kA zeSa artha sugama hai zaGkA -- dRSTAnta, upanaya tathA nigamana ke binA mandabuddhi vAloM ko bodhita karanA sambhava nahIM hai / ataH pakSa aura hetu ke prayoga mAtra se unheM sAdhya kA jJAna kaise ho jAyagA ? isake viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha - bAlakoM kI vyutpatti ke lie una zAstra meM hI unakI svIkRti hai, vAda meM nahIM, upayoga nahIM hai // 42 // bAlakoM ko - alpa buddhi vAloM ko vyutpatti ke lie una udAharaNa, upanaya aura nigamana avayavoM ke svIkAra kara lene para zAstra meM hI unakA upayoga hai, vAda meM nahIM / vAda ke samaya ziSyoM ko samajhAyA nahIM jAtA tonoM ke mAna lene para kyoMki vAda meM unakA
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________________ pramevaratnamAlAyAM bAlavyutpatyarthaM tattrayopagama ityAdinA zAstre'bhyupagatamevodAhAraNAditrayamupa - 108 -darzayati dRSTAnto dvedhA - anvaya- vyatirekabhedAt // 43 // dRSTI anto sAdhyasAdhanalakSaNau dharmoM anvayamukhena vyatirekadvAreNa vA yatra sa - dRSTAnta ityanvarthasaJjJAkaraNAt / sa dvedhaivopapadyate tatrAnvayadRSTAntaM darzayannAha - sAdhyavyAptaM sAdhanaM yatra pradarzyate so'nvayadRSTAntaH // 44 // sAdhyena vyAptaM niyataM sAdhanaM heturyatra darzyate vyAptipUrvaka tayeti bhAvaH / dvitIya bhedamupadarzayati sAdhyAbhAve sAdhanAbhAvo yatra kathyate sa vyatirekadRSTAntaH // 45 // asati asadbhAvo vyatirekaH / tatpradhAno dRSTAnto vyatirekadRSTAntaH / hai; kyoMki vAda meM to vyutpanna puruSoM kA hI adhikAra hotA hai / bAla vyutpatti ke lie una tInoM ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, ataH zAstra meM svIkRta udAharaNAdika tInoM avayavoM kA svarUpa dikhalAte haiMsutrArtha -- dRSTAnta do prakAra kA hai-anvaya dRSTAnta aura vyatireka dRSTAnta // 43 // jahA~ para sAdhya sAdhana lakSaNa vAle do dharmaM anvaya yA vyatireka rUpa se dekhe jA~, vaha dRSTAnta hai, isa prakAra kI artha kA anusaraNa karane - vAlI saMjJA jAnanA caahie| vaha dRSTAnta do prakAra kA hI yukta hai / anvaya dRSTAnta ko dikhalAte hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha - sAdhya ke sAtha jahA~ sAdhana kI vyApti dikhAI jAtI hai, - vaha anvaya dRSTAnta hai // 44 // ( janya, janakAdi bhAva rUpa ) sAdhya se vyApta avinAbhAva se nizcita sAdhana vyApti pUrvaka jahA~ dikhalAyA jAtA hai, yaha bhAva hai / ( dhUma aura jala kI vyApti nahIM hai; kyoMki vahA~ janya, janaka bhAva nahIM hai ) / dUsare bheda ko dikhalAte haiM sUtrArtha - sAdhya ke abhAva meM jahA~ sAdhana kA abhAva kahA jAtA hai, vaha vyatireka dRSTAnta hai / / 45 / / sAdhya ke abhAva meM sAdhana kA abhAva vyatireka hai / vyatireka pradhAna 1. hetusattve sAdhyasattvamanvayaH / 2. sAdhyAbhAve hetvabhAvo vyatirekaH /
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH 109. sAdhyAbhAve sAdhanasyAbhAva eveti sAvadhAraNaM draSTavyam / kramaprAptamRpanayasvarUpaM nirUpayati hetorupasaMhAra upanayaH // 46 // pakSe ityadhyAhAraH / tenAyamarthaH-hetoH pakSadharmatayopasaMhAra upanaya iti / nigamanasvarUpamupadarzayati pratijJAyAstu nigamanam // 47 // upasaMhAra iti [anu.] vartate / pratijJAyA upasaMhAraH sAdhyadharmaviziSTatvena pradarzanaM nigamanamityarthaH / nanu zAstra dRSTAntAdayo vaktavyA eveti niyamAnabhyupagamAtkathaM tattrayamiha sUribhiH prapazcitamiti na codyam; svayamanabhyupagame'pi pratipAdyAnurodhena jinamatAnusAribhiH prayogaparipATyAH pratipannatvAt / sA cAjJAtatatsvarUpaiH kartuM na zakyata iti tatsvarUpamapi zAstre'bhighAtavyameveti / dRSTAnta vyatireka dRSTAnta hai| sAdhya ke abhAva meM sAdhana kA abhAva ho hI, isa prakAra evakAra yahA~ jAnanA caahiye| krama prApta upanaya ke svarUpa kA nirUpaNa karate haiMsUtrArtha-hetu ke upasaMhAra ko upanaya kahate haiM / / 46 // ( sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva se viziSTa sAdhyadharmI jisake dvArA punaH uccarita hotA hai, use upanaya kahate haiM ) / nigamana ke svarUpa ko dikhalAte haiMsUtrArtha-pratijJA ke upasaMhAra ko nigamana kahate haiM / / 47 / / upasaMhAra pada kI anuvRtti kI gaI hai / pratijJA kA upasaMhAra-sAdhya dharma viziSTatva rUpa se pradarzana nigamana hai / ___ sAMkhyAdi-zAstra meM dRSTAnta Adika kahanA hI cAhiye, aisA niyama nahIM svIkAra karane para bhI kaise dRSTAnta, upanaya aura nigamana ko AcArya ne vistArita kiyA hai ? ___jaina-yaha bAta nahIM kahanA caahiye| svayaM svIkAra na karane para bhI ziSya ke anurodha se jina mata kA anusaraNa karane vAloM ne prayoga kI paripATI ko svIkAra kiyA hai / vaha prayoga paripATI ajJAta svarUpa vAloM 1. sAdhyAvinAbhAvitvena viziSTe sAdhyamiNi upanIyate punaruccAryate heturyena sa upnyH| 2. pratijJAhetUdAharaNopanayAH sAdhyalakSaNakArthatayA nigamyante sambaddhayante yena tannigamanamiti /
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________________ :110 prameyaratnamAlAyAM tadevaM matabhedena dvi-citra-catuH paJcAvayavarUpamanumAnaM dviprakArameveti darzayannAha tadanumAna dvadhA // 48 // tadaividhyamevA''ha svArthaparArthabhedAt // 49 // svaparavipratipattinirAsaphalatvAd dvividhabheveti bhAvaH / svArthAnumAnabhedaM darzayannAha-- svArthamuktalakSaNam // 50 // sAdhanAtsAdhyavijJAnamanumAnamiti prAguktaM lakSaNaM yasya tattathoktamityarthaH / dvitIyamanumAnabhedaM darzayannAha__ parArthaM tu tadarthaparAmazivacanAjjAtam // 51 // ke dvArA karanA sambhava nahIM hai, ataH unakA svarUpa bhI zAstra meM kahanA hI caahiye| isa prakAra matabheda ko apekSA do, tIna, cAra, pA~ca avayava rUpa anu. mAna do prakAra kA hI hai, isa bAta ko dikhalAte hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha-vaha anumAna do prakAra kA hotA hai / / 48 // usa dviprakAratA ko hI kahate haiM sUtrArtha-svArthAnumAna aura parArthAnumAna ke bheda se ( vaha anumAna ) do prakAra kA hai // 49 // __ sva aura para viSayaka vivAda kA nirAkaraNa karanA jisakA phala hai, aisA anumAna do prakAra kA hotA hai, yaha bhAva hai| svArthAnumAna ke bhedoM ko dikhalAte hue kahate haiMsatrArtha-svArthAnumAna kA lakSaNa kahA jA cukA hai / / 50 // sAdhana se sAdhya kA jJAna anumAna hai, aisA jo lakSaNa pahale kahA jA cukA hai, vaha svArthAnumAna kA svarUpa hai| anumAna ke dUsare bheda ko dikhalAte hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha-usa svArthAnumAna ke viSayabhUta artha kA parAmarza karane vAle vacanoM se jo jJAna utpanna hotA hai, use parArthAnumAna kahate haiM / / 51 / / vizeSa-dhUma se agni kA jJAna anumAna hai, isa prakAra artha kA parAmarza karane vAlA jo vacana hai, usa vacana rUpa sAdhana se (paropadeza
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________________ tRtIyaH samudezaH tasya svArthAnumAnasyArthaH saadhysaadhnlkssnnH| taM parAmRzatItyevaM zIlaM tadarthaparAmarzi / tacca tadvacanaM sa tasmAjjAtamutpannaM vijJAnaM parArthAnumAnamiti / nanu vacanAtmakaM parArthAnumAnaM prasiddham / tatkathaM tadarthapratipAdakavacanajanitavijJAnasya parArthAnumAnatvamabhidadhatA na saMgRhItamiti na vAcyam; acetanasya sAkSAtpramitihetutvAbhAvena nirupacaritapramANabhAvAbhAvAt / mukhyAnumAnahetutvena tasyopacaritAnumAnavyapadezo na vAryata eva / tadevopacaritaM parArthAnumAnatvaM tadvacanasyA''cAryaH prAha tadvacanamapi taddhetutvAt // 52 // se ) jo dhue~ se agni kA jJAna utpanna hotA hai, vaha parArthAnumAna hai| vacana ke binA jo dhUmAdi sAdhana se agnyAdi sAdhya kA jJAna hotA hai, vaha svArthAnumAna hai, yaha ina donoM meM bheda hai| usa svArthAnumAna kA artha jo sAdhya-sAdhana lakSaNa vAlA padArthause viSaya karanA jisakA svabhAva hai, use tadarthaparAmazi kahate haiN| tadarthaparAmazivacanoM se jo vijJAna utpanna hotA hai, vaha parArthAnumAna hai| vizeSa-yaha parvata agni vAlA hai, dhue~ vAlA hone se, isa prakAra ke vacana sunane se hI pahale dhue~ kA jJAna hotA hai, bAda meM usase agni kA jJAna hotA hai, yaha abhiprAya hai| vacana ke sAkSAt anumAnapanA nahIM hai, apitu vacana se utpanna jJAna ke anumAnapanA hai, vacana ke anumAnapanA upacAra se hai| naiyAdhika-(paJca avayava rUpa ) vacanAtmaka parArthAnumAna prasiddha hai| to anumAna ke viSayabhUta artha ke pratipAdaka vacanoM se utpanna hue vijJAna ko parArthAnumAna kahane vAle jaina ne usa lakSaNa kA saMgraha kyoM nahIM 'kiyA ? jaina-yaha nahIM kahanA caahiye| kyoMki acetanavacana sAkSAt pramiti rUpa ajJAna kI nivRtti meM hetu nahIM ho sakate / una vacanoM ke nirUpacarita pramANatA kA abhAva hai| jJAnarUpa anumAna ke hetu hone se una vacanoM kI upacarita anumAna saMjJA kA nizcita rUpa se koI vAraNa nahIM kara sktaa| vahI ( parArthAnumAna ke pratipAdaka vacana ) upacAra se parArthAnumAna haiM ataH parArthAnumAna ke pratipAdaka vacana ke viSaya meM AcArya kahate haiM sUtrArtha parArthAnumAna ke kAraNa hone se parArthAnumAna ke pratipAdaka vacanoM ko bhI parArthAnumAna kahate haiM / / 52 / /
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM upacAro hi mukhyAbhAve sati prayojane nimitte ca pravartate / tatra vacanasya parArthAnumAnatve nimittaM taddhetutvam / tasya pratipAdyAnumAnasya hetustaddhetuH; tasya bhAvastattvam / tasmAnnimittAttadvacanamapi parArthAnumAnapratipAdakavacanamapi parArthA - numAnamiti sambandhaH; kAraNe kAryasyopacArAt / athavA tatpratipAdakAnumAnaM heturyasya tattaddhetuH, tasya bhAvastattvam / tatastadvacanamapi tatheti sambandhaH / asmin pakSa kArye kAraNasyopacAra iti zeSaH / vacanasyAnumAnatve ca prayojanamanu mAnAvayavAH pratijJAdaya iti zAstre vyavahAra eva, jJAnAtmanyanaMze tad-vyavahArasyAzakyakalpanAt / tadevaM sAdhanAt sAdhyavijJAnamanumAnabhityanumAna sAmAnyalakSaNam 1 112 tadanumAnaM dvedhetyAdinA tatprakAraM ca saprapaJcamabhidhAya sAdhanamuktalakSaNApekSayaikamapyatisaMkSepeNa bhidyamAnaM dvividhamityupadarzayati sa hetu dveSopalabdhyanupalabdhibhedAt // 53 // mukhya kA abhAva hone para tathA prayojana aura nimitta ke hone para upacAra kI pravRtti hotI hai / vahA~ vacana kA parArthAnumAnapane meM kAraNapanA hI upacAra kA nimitta hai / ataH pratipAdya ( ziSya ) usake liye jo anumAna, usakA pratipAdaka vacana bhI parArthAnumAna hai; aisA sambandha karanA cAhiye; kyoMki yahA~ anumAna ke kAraNa vacanoM meM jJAnarUpa kArya kA upacAra kiyA gayA hai / athavA ( prakArAntara se kahate haiM 1 ) parArthAnumAna kA pratipAdaka jo vaktA puruSa usakA svArthAnumAna hai kAraNa jisake aisA jo parArthAnumAna kA vacana vaha bhI anumAna hai, aisA sambandha kara lenA cAhiye / isa pakSa meM svArthAnumAnavacanalakSaNa rUpa kArya meM kAraNa kA upacAra hai, yaha artha sUtra meM zeSa hai / vacana ko anumAnapanA kahane meM prayojana yaha hai ki pratijJA Adika anumAna ke avayava haiM, aisA zAstra meM vyavahAra hai / jJAnAtmaka aura niraMza anumAna meM pratijJAdi ke vyavahAra kI kalpanA azakya hai / isa prakAra sAdhana se sAdhya kA jJAna honA anumAna hai, yaha anumAna kA sAmAnya lakSaNa hai / vaha anumAna do prakAra kA hai, ityAdi rUpa se usake prakAroM ko bhI vistAra se kahakara anyathAnupapannatva rUpa lakSaNa kI apekSA sAdhana eka prakAra kA hone para bhI atisaMkSepa se bheda karane para vaha do prakAra kA hai, isa bAta ko dikhalAte haiM sUtrArtha - avinAbhAva lakSaNa se lakSita vaha hetu upalabdhi aura anupalabdhi ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai / / 53 / /
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________________ tRtIyaH samudezaH 113 sugamametat / tatropalabdhirvidhisAdhikaiva / anupalabdhiH pratiSedhasAdhikaiveti parasya niyama vighaTayannupalabdharanupalabdharanupalabdhazcAvizeSeNa vidhi-pratiSedhasAdhanatvamAha upalabdhividhipratiSedhayoranupalabdhizca // 54 // gatArtha metat / idAnImupalabdherapi saMkSepeNa viruddhAviruddhabhedAd dvaividhyamupadarzayannaviruddhopalabdharvidhI sAdhye vistarato bhedamAhaaviruddhopalabdhividhau SoDhA-vyApyakAryakAraNapUrvottarasahacarabhedAt // 55 // pUrvaM ca uttaraM ca saha ceti dvandvaH / pUrvottarasaha ityetebhyazcara ityanukaraNanirdezaH, dvandvAt zrUyamANazcarazabdaH pratyekamabhisambadhyate / tenAyamarthaH-pUrvacarottaracarasahacarA iti / pazcAd vyApyAdibhiH saha dvandvaH / - yaha sUtra sugama hai| upalabdhi vidhi kI sAdhikA hI hai, anupalabdhi pratiSedha kI sAdhikA hI hai, isa prakAra dUsare mata vAloM ke niyama kA niSedha karate hue AcArya kahate haiM ki upalabdhi aura anupalabdhi sAmAnya rUpa se vidhi aura pratiSedha ke sAdhaka haiN| sUtrArtha-upalabdhi rUpa hetu vidhi aura pratiSedha donoM kA sAdhaka hai tathA anupalabdhi bhI donoM kA sAdhaka hai // 54 // isa sUtra kA artha kahA jA cukA hai| isa samaya upalabdhi ke bhI saMkSepa se viruddha-aviruddha bheda se do bheda batalAte hue aviruddhopalabdhi ke vidhi ko siddha karane meM vistAra se bheda kahate haiM satrArtha-astitva sAdhya hone para aviruddhopalabdhi vyApya, kArya, kAraNa, pUrva, uttara aura sahacara ke bheda se chaha prakAra kI hai / / 55 // _ 'pUrvaM ca uttaraM ca saha ca' isameM dvandva samAsa hai| pUrva, uttara aura saha pada ke sAtha cara zabda kA anukaraNa nirdeza krnaa| dvandva samAsa se pIche sunA gayA cara zabda pratyeka ke sAtha lagAnA cAhiye / isase yaha artha hotA hai-pUrvacara, uttaracara aura shcr| pazcAt vyApya Adi padoM ke sAtha dvandva samAsa karanA caahiye|
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM atrAha saugataH - vidhisAdhanaM dvividhameva, svabhAva - kAryabhedAt / kAraNasya tu kAryAvinAbhAvAbhAvAdaliGgatvam / nAvazyaM kAraNAni kAryavanti bhavantIti vacanAt / apratibaddhasAmarthyasya kAryamprati gamakatvamityapi nottaram; sAmarthyasyA - tIndriyatayA vidyamAnasyApi nizcetumazakyatvAditi / tadasamIkSitAbhidhAnamiti darzayitumAha 114 rasAdekasAmayyanumAnena rUpAnumAnamicchadbhiriSTameva kiJcitkAraNaM heturyatra sAmarthyApratibandha - kAraNAntarAvaikalye // 56 AsvAdyamAnAddhi rasAttajjanikA sAmagryanumIyate / tato rUpAnumAnaM bhavati / prAktano hi rUpakSaNaH sajAtIyaM rUpakSaNAntaraM kAryaM kurvanneva vijAtIyaM rasalakSaNaM kAryaM karotIti rUpAnumAna micchadbhiriSTameva kiJcitkAraNaM hetuH prAktanasya rUpalakSaNasya sajAtIyarUpakSaNAntarAvyabhicArAt / anyathA rasasamAnakAlarUpaprati bauddha - vidhisAdhaka hetu do prakAra kA hai-svabhAvahetu aura kArya hetu / kAraNa kA kArya ke sAtha avinAbhAva kA abhAva hone se use hetu nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / kAraNa kArya vAle avazya hoM, aisA nahIM hai, isa prakAra kA vacana hai / jaina - maNi- mantrAdi se jisakI sAmarthya rokI gaI hai, aisA kAraNa kArya ke prati gamaka hotA hai / bauddha - yaha koI uttara nahIM hai / sAmarthya atIndriya ( apratyakSa ) hai, ataH vidyamAna hone kA bhI nizcaya karanA sambhava nahIM hai / pUrvokta kathana asamIkSita kathana hai, yaha dikhalAne ke lie kahate haiM sUtrArthaM -- rasa se eka sAmagrI ke anumAna dvArA rUpa kA anumAna svIkAra karane vAle bauddhoM ne koI viziSTa kAraNa rUpa hetu mAnA hI hai, jisameM sAmarthya kI rukAvaTa nahIM hai aura dUsare kAraNoM kI vikalatA nahIM hai // 56 // AsvAdyamAna rasase usakI utpAdaka sAmagrI kA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai usase rUpa kA anumAna hotA hai / pahale kA rUpakSaNa sajAtIya anya rUpakSaNa rUpa kArya ko utpanna karatA huA ho vijAtIya rasa lakSaNa kArya ko karatA hai, isa prakAra se rUpa ke anumAna kI icchA karane vAle bauddhoM ko koI kAraNa rUpa hetu iSTa hI hai; kyoMki pUrvakAla ke rUpa kSaNa kA sajAtIya anya rUpa kSaNa ke sAtha koI vyabhicAra nahIM pAyA jAtA hai / anyathA rasa ke samakAla meM hI rUpa kI jAnakArI nahIM ho sakatI thI /
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________________ tRtIya samuddezaH 115 patterayogAt / na hyanukUlamAtramantyakSaNaprAptaM vA kAraNaM liGgamiSyate; yena maNimantrAdinA sAmarthyapratibandhAtkAraNAnta ravaikalyena vA kAryavyabhicAritvaM syAt / dvitIyakSaNe kAryapratyakSIkaraNenAnumAnAnarthakyaM vA; kAryAvinAbhAvitayA nizcitasya viziSTakAraNasya chatrAdeliGgatvenAGgIkaraNAt / yatra sAmarthyApratibandhaH kAraNAntarAvaikalyaM nizciyate, tasyaiva liGgatvaM; nAnyasyeti novtdossprsnggH| .. idAnIM pUrvottaracarayoH svabhAvakAryakAraNeSvanantarbhAvAd bhedAntaratvameveti darzayati na ca pUrvottaracAriNostAdAtmyaM tadutpattirvA, kAlavyavadhAne tdnuplbdhH|| 57 // tAdAtmyasambandhe sAdhyAsAdhanayoH svabhAvahetAvantarbhAvaH, tadutpattisambandhe ca hameM anukUla mAtra athavA antya kSaNa prApta ( kArya utpanna hone ke avyavahita pUrva kSaNa prApta tantusaMyoga rUpa ) kAraNa ko liGga mAnanA iSTa nahIM hai / ( yahA~ para mAtra zabda ke grahaNa se kArya ke sAtha kAraNa ke avinAbhAva kA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai)| jaise dIpaka meM bahuta kSaNa utpanna hote haiM aura vinAza ko prApta hote haiM, phira bhI pradIpa ke vinAza kAla meM jo antyakSaNa hai, vaha uttarakSaNa utpanna nahIM karatA hai, usa prakAra kA svIkAra nahIM hai| jisase maNi-mantrAdi ke dvArA sAmarthya ke pratibandha se athavA anya sahakArI kAraNoM kI vikalatA se vaha kArya ke sAtha vyabhicArapane ko prApta ho| dvitIya kSaNa meM kArya ke pratyakSa karane se anumAna kI vyarthatA ho; kyoMki avinAbhAva rUpa se nizcita viziSTa kAraNa rUpa kSatrAdi ko hamane liGga rUpa se svIkAra kiyA hai| jahA~ para sAmarthya kA pratibandha na honA aura anya kAraNoM kI avikalatA nizcita kI jAtI hai, usake hI liGgapanA mAnA hai, anya ke nhiiN| isa prakAra ukta doSa kA prasaMga prApta nahIM hotaa| ___- aba pUrvacara aura uttaracara hetu bhI bhinna hI hai| kyoMki ve svabhAva hetU, kArya hetu aura kAraNa hetuoM meM antarbhUta nahIM hote, isa bAta ko dikhalAte haiM strArtha-pUrvacara aura uttaracara hetuoM kA sAdhya ke sAtha tAdAtmya sambandha nahIM hai, tadutpatti sambandha bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki kAla kA vyavadhAna hone para ina donoM sambandhoM kI upalabdhi nahIM hotI hai / / 57 // sAdhya-sAdhana meM tAdAtmya sambandha ke hone para svabhAva hetu meM anta
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM kAya kAraNe vA'ntarbhAvo vibhAvyate / na ca tadubhayasambhava;; kAlavyavadhAne tdnuplbdhH| sahabhAvinoreva tAdAtmyasambhavAt, anantarayoreva pUrvottarakSaNayorhetuphalabhAvasya dRSTatvAt; vyavahitayostadaghaTanAt / nanu kAlavyavadhAne'pi kAryakAraNabhAvo dRzyata eva; yathA jAgratprabuddhadazAbhAviprabodhayomaraNAriSTayorveti / tatparihArArthamAhabhAvyatItayomaraNajAgradbodhayorapi naarissttodvodhaaprtihetutvm||58 sugamametat / atraivopapattimAha tadvayApArAzritaM hi tadbhAvabhAvitvam // 59 // hizabdo yasmAdarthe / yasmAttasya kAraNasya bhAve kAryasya bhAvitvaM tadbhAva rbhAva hotA hai aura tadutpatti sambandha ke hone para kArya yA kAraNa hetu meM antarbhAva hotA hai| pUrvacara aura uttaracara hetu meM tAdAtmya aura tadutpatti sambandha nahIM hai, kyoMki kAla kA vyavadhAna hone para ina donoM sambandhoM kI upalabdhi nahIM hotI hai| sahabhAviyoM meM hI tAdAtmya sambhava hai, vyavadhAna se rahita pUrvottara kSaNa meM hetu aura phalabhAva (kAraNa-kArya bhAva ) dekhA jAtA hai| jinameM kAla kA vyavadhAna hai, unameM tAdAtmya aura kAraNa kArya bhAva ghaTita nahIM hotA hai| bauddha-kAla kA vyavadhAna hone para bhI kArya-kAraNabhAva dekhA hI jAtA hai; jaise-jAgrata ( sone se pUrva kI avasthA ) aura ( sone ke pazcAt kI avasthA ) prabuddha dazA bhAvI prabodha tathA maraNa evaM ariSTa meM kArya-kAraNabhAva dekhA jAtA hai| bauddhoM ke isa kathana kA parihAra karane ke lie kahate haiM sUtrArtha-bhAvI maraNa aura atIta jAgrad bodha ke bhI ariSTa ( apazakUna aura utpatti ) aura udbodha ( jAgrata avasthA kA bodha ) ke prati kAraNapanA nahIM hai / / 58 // yaha sUtra sugama hai| yahA~ yukti dete haiM sUtrArtha-kAraNa ke vyApAra ke Azrita hI kArya kA vyApAra huA karatA hai / / 59 // hi zabda yasmAt ke artha meM hai| kyoMki kAraNa hone para kArya kA honA
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH 117 bhAvitvam / tacca tadvayApArAzritam, tasmAnna prakRtayoH kAryakAraNabhAva ityarthaH / ayamarthaH -- anvayavyatirekasamadhigamyo hi sarvatra kAryakAraNabhAvaH / tau ca kAryaprati kAraNavyApArasavyapekSA vevopapadyate kulAlasyeva kalazamprati / na cAtivyavahiteSu tadvayApArAzritatvamiti / sahacarasyApyuktahetuSvanantarbhAvaM darzayati sahacAriNorapi parasparaparihAreNAvasthAnAtsahotpAdAcca // 60 hetvantaratvamiti zeSaH / ayamabhiprAyaH - parasparaparihAreNopalambhAttAdAtmyAsambhavAtsvabhAva hetAvanantarbhAvaH / sahotpAdAcca na kArye kAraNe veti / na ca samAnasamayavartinoH kAryakAraNabhAvaH savyetaragoviSANavat / kAryakAraNayoH prati tadbhAvabhAvitva hai| kArya kAraNa ke vyApAra ke Azrita hai ataH prakRta meM ( atIta jAgrabodha aura bhAvI udbodha tathA bhAvI maraNa aura vartamAna ariSTa inameM ) kArya kAraNabhAva nahIM hai, yaha tAtparya hai / saba jagaha kAryaMkAraNa bhAva anvayavyatireka se jAnA jAtA hai / anvayavyatireka kArya ke prati kAraNa ke vyApAra kI apekSA meM hI ghaTita hote haiM, jaise kumbhakAra kA kalaza ke prati anvayavyatireka pAyA jAtA hai ( kyoMki kumhAra ke hone para kalaza kI utpatti hotI hai, anyathA nahIM hotI hai ) / ativyavahita padArthoM meM kAraNa ke vyApAra kA AzritapanA nahIM hotA hai / sahacara hetu kA bhI svabhAva, kArya aura kAraNa hetuoM meM antarbhAva nahIM hotA hai, yaha darzita karate haiM- sUtrArtha - sahacArI padArtha paraspara ke parihAra se rahate haiM, ataH sahacara hetu kA svabhAva hetu meM antarbhAva nahIM ho sakatA aura ve eka sAtha utpanna hote haiM, ataH unakA kArya hetu aura kAraNa hetu meM antarbhAva nahIM ho sakatA hai / sUtra meM 'hetvantaratva' pada zeSa hai / yaha abhiprAya hai- paraspara parihAra kI prApti se tAdAtmya sambandha asambhava hone se ( jina do padArthoM kI paraspara parihAra rUpa se vibhinnatA pAI jAtI hai) unakA svabhAva hetu meM antarbhAva nahIM hotA hai / sahacArI padArthoM ke eka sAtha utpanna hone se kArya hetu athavA kAraNa hetu meM bhI antarbhAva nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai / eka sAtha utpanna hone vAloM meM bAyeM aura dakSiNa sIMga ke samAna kAryakAraNabhAva nahIM hotA hai| yadi eka sAtha utpanna hone vAle padArthoM meM kArya-kAraNa bhAva mAnA jAya to kArya-kAraNa ke pratiniyama kA
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________________ prameya ratnamAlAyAM niyamAbhAvaprasaGgAcca / tasmAddhetvantaratvameveti / sarat vyApyahetuM kramaprAptamudAharannuktAnvayavyatirekapurassaraM pratipAdyAzayavazAtpratipAditapratijJAdyavayavapaJcakaM pradarzayati 118 'pariNAmI zabdaH kRtakatvAt / ya evaM sa evaM dRSTo yathA ghaTaH / kRtakazcAyam, tasmAtpariNAmIti / yastu na pariNAmI, sa na kRtako dRSTo yathA vandhyAstanandhayaH / kRtakazcAyam, tasmAtpariNAmI // 61 // svotpattAvapekSitavyApAro hi bhAvaH kRtaka ucyate / tacca kRtakatvaM na kUTastha - nityapakSe, nApi kSaNikapakSe / kintu pariNAmitve satyevetya vakSyate / kAryahetumAha astyatra dehini buddhirvyAhArAdeH // 62 // abhAva ho jAyagA arthAt kauna kArya hai aura kauna usakA kAraNa hai, isa prakAra kA koI niyama nahIM bana sakegA / ataH sahacara hetu ko bhinna kAraNa mAnanA cAhie / aba krama prApta vyApya hetu kA udAharaNa dete hue anvayavyatireka pUrvaka ziSya ke abhiprAya ke vaza pratipAdita pratijJAdi pA~ca avayavoM ko pradarzita karate haiM sUtrArtha -- zabda pariNAmI hai; kyoMki vaha kRtaka hotA hai / jo isa prakAra arthAt kRtaka hotA hai vaha isa prakAra arthAt pariNAsI dekhA jAtA hai / jaise- ghaTa | yaha zabda kRtaka hai, isalie pariNAmI hai / jo pariNAmI nahIM hotA, vaha kRtaka bhI nahIM dekhA jAtA hai, jaise ki vandhyA kA putra / kRtaka yaha zabda hai, ataH vaha pariNAmI hai // 61 // apanI utpatti meM apekSita vyApAra vAlA padArtha kRtaka kahA jAtA hai| vaha kRtakapanA na kUTasthanitya pakSa meM banatA hai aura na kSaNika pakSa meM, kintu pariNAmI hone para hI kRtakapanA sambhava hai, yaha bAta Age kaheMge / kArya hetu ke viSaya meM kahate haiM " sUtrArtha - isa dehI meM buddhi hai; kyoMki isameM vacana, vyApAra, AkAra 1. pUrvottarAkAraparihArAvAptisthitilakSaNaH pariNAmaH so'syAstIti sa pariNAmI / pUrvAvasthAmapyajahan saMspRzan dharmamuttaram / svasmAdapracyuto dharmo pariNAmI sa ucyate // 1 //
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________________ kAraNahetumAha astyatracchAyA chatrAt // 63 // udeSyati zakaTaM kRttikodayAt // 64 // atha pUrvacara hetumAha muhUrttAnte iti sambandhaH / athottaracaraH- tRtIyaH samuddezaH udgAdbharaNiH prAktata eva // 65 // atrApi muhUrtAtprAgiti sambandhanIyam; tata eva kRttikodayAdevetyarthaH / sahacara liGgamAha astyatra mAtuliMge rUpaM rasAt // 66 // viruddhopalabdhimAha - viruddhatadupalabdhiH pratiSedhe tathA // 67 // vizeSa Adi pAyA jAtA hai // 62 // kAraNa hetu ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha - yahA~ para chAyA hai; kyoMki chatra pAyA jAtA hai // 63 // 119 aba pUrvacara hetu ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha -- ( eka muhUrta ke bAda ) zakaTa ( rohiNI nakSatra ) kA udaya hogA; kyoMki kRttikA kA udaya huA hai / / 64 // yahA~ muhUrtAnta pada se sambandha hai / aba uttaracara hetu ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha - bharaNI kA udaya eka muhUrta ke pUrva hI ho cukA hai; kyoMki kRttikA kA udaya pAyA jAtA hai / / 65 // yahA~ 'muhUrtAt prAk', pada jor3a lenA caahie| 'tata eva' pada se 'kRttikodayAt eva' artha grahaNa karanA cAhie / sahacaraliMga ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha - isa mAtuliMga meM rUpa hai; kyoMki rasa pAyA jAtA hai // 66 // viruddhopalabdhi ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha - nAstitva sAdhya hone para pratiSedhya sAdhya se viruddha tatsaMbaMdhI vyApyAdi kI upalabdhi chaha prakAra kI hotI hai // 67 //
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________________ 120 prameyaratnamAlAyAM pratiSedhe sAdhye pratiSedhyena viruddhAnAM sambandhinaste vyApyAdayasteSAmupalabdhasya ityarthaH / tatheti SoDheti bhAvaH / tatra sAdhyaviruddhavyApyopalabdhimAha nAstyatra zItasparza auSaNyAt // 68 // zItasparzapratiSedhyena hi viruddho'gniH, tadvyApyamauSNyamiti / viruddhakAryopalambhamAha nAstyatra zItasparzo dhUmAt // 69 // atrApi pratiSedhyasya sAdhyasya zItasparzasya viruddho'gniH, tasya kArya dhUma iti / viruddhakAraNopalabdhimAha nAsmin zarIriNi sukhamasti hRdayazalyAt // 70 // sukhavirodhi duHkham; tasya kAraNaM hRdayazalyamiti / pratiSedha sAdhya hone para pratiSedha ke yogya vastu se viruddha padArthoM ke sambandhI jo vyApyAdi hai, unakI upalabdhiyAM chaha prakAra kI hotI haiN| yaha bhAva hai / Adi zabda se kArya , kAraNa, pUrva, uttara, sahacara grahaNa kiye jAte haiN| unameM se sAdhyaviruddha vyApyopalabdhi ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-yahA~ para zIta sparza nahIM haiM, kyoMki uSNatA pAyI jAtI hai|| 68 // zIta sparza pratiSedhya kI virodhI agni hai, usakI vyApya uSNatA pAyI jA rahI hai| viruddha kAryopalabdhi hetu ke viSaya meM kahate haiMsUtrArtha-yahA~ zItasparza nahIM hai; kyoMki dhUma hai / / 69 / / yahA~ bhI pratiSedha ke yogya sAdhya jo zItasparza usakI viruddha jo agni, usakA kArya dhUma pAyA jAtA hai| viruddhakAraNopalabdhi ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-isa prANI meM sukha nahIM hai; kyoMki hRdaya meM zalya pAI jAtI hai // 70 // sukha kA virodhI duHkha hai, usakA kAraNa hRdaya kI zalya hai|
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH 121 viruddhapUrvacaramAha nodeSyati muhUrtAnte zakaTaM revatyudayAt // 71 // zakaTodayaviruddho hazvinyudayaH, tatpUrvacaro revatyudaya iti / viruddhottaracara liGgamAha - ___nodagAddharaNimuhUrtAtpUrva puSyodayAt // 72 // bharaNyudayaviruddho hi punarvasUdayaH, taduttaracaraH puSyodaya iti / viruddhasahacaramAhanAstyatra bhittau parabhAgAbhAvo'rvAgbhAgadarzanAt // 73 // parabhAgAbhAvasya viruddhastadbhAvaH, tatsahacaro'rvAgbhAga iti / aviruddhAnupalabdhibhedamAhaaviruddhAnupalabdhiH pratiSedhe saptadhA--svabhAvavyApaka kAryakAraNapUrvottarasahacarAnupalambhabhedAt // 74 // / viruddha pUrvacara ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-eka muhUrta ke pazcAt rohiNI kA udaya nahIM hogA kyoMki abhI revatI nakSatra kA udaya ho rahA hai // 71 // yahA~ para zakaTa ke udaya kA virodhI azvinI kA udaya hai, usakA pUrvacara revatI nakSatra hai, usakA udaya pAyA jAne se yaha viruddha pUrvacaropalabdhi kA udAharaNa hai| viruddhottaracara hetu ko kahate haiM sUtrArtha-eka muhUrta pahale bharaNI nakSatra kA udaya nahIM huA hai| kyoMki abhI puSya nakSatra kA udaya pAyA jA rahA hai // 72 // bharaNI ke udaya kA virodhI punarvasu nakSatra kA udaya hai / usakA uttaracara puSya nakSatra kA udaya hai| viruddha sahacaropalabdhi hetu ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-isa bhitti meM dUsare bhAga kA abhAva nahIM hai, kyoMki prathama bhAga dikhAI de rahA hai / / 73 // parabhAga ke abhAva kA virodhI usakA sadbhAva hai, usakA sahacArI isa ora kA bhAga pAyA jAtA hai| aviruddhAnupalabdhi ke bheda ko kahate haiM sUtrArtha-abhAva sAdhya hone para aviruddhAnupalabdhi sAta prakAra ko hotI hai-1. aviruddha svabhAvAnupalabdhi 2. aviruddha vyApakAnupalabdhi
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________________ 122 prameyaratnamAlAyAM svabhAvAdipadAnAM dvandvaH, teSAmanupalambha iti pshcaacchsstthiittpurusssmaasH| svabhAvAnupalambhodAharaNamAha nAstyatra bhUtale ghaTo'nupalabdhaH // 75 // atra pizAca-paramANvAdibhirvyabhicAraparihArArthamupalabdhilakSaNaprAptatve satIti vizeSaNamunneyam / vyApakAnupalabdhimAha nAstyatra zizapA vRkSAnupalabdhe // 76 // ziMzapAtvaM hi vRkSatvena vyAptam; tadbhAve tavayApyazizapAyA apyabhAvaH / kAryAnupalabdhimAha nAstyatrApratibaddha sAmo'gni--mAnupalabdhaH // 77 // apratibaddhasAmadhyaM hi kAryampratyanupahatazaktikatvamucyate / tadabhAvazca kAryAnupalambhAditi / 3. aviruddha kAryAnupalabdhi 4. aviruddha kAraNAnupalabdhi 5. aviruddha pUrvacarAnupalabdhi 6. aviruddha uttaracarAnupalabdhi aura 7. aviruddha shcraanuplbdhi| svabhAva, vyApaka Adi padoM kA dvandva samAsa karanA, pIche unakA anupalambha pada ke sAtha SaSThI tatpuruSa samAsa karanA cAhiye / ... svabhAvAnupalambha kA udAharaNa kahate haiM sUtrArtha-isa bhUtala para ghaTa nahIM hai, kyoMki upalabdhi yogya svabhAva ke hone para bhI vaha nahIM pAyA jA rahA hai / / 75 // ___yahA~ para pizAca aura paramANu Adika se vyabhicAra ke parihArArtha 'upalabdhilakSaNa prApti ke yogya hone para bhI', yaha vizeSaNa Upara se. lagAnA caahie| vyApakAnupalabdhi hetu ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-yahA~ para zIzama nahIM hai, kyoMki vRkSa nahIM pAyA jA rahA hai|| 76 // ziMzapAtva vRkSatva ke sAtha vyApta hai; vRkSatva kA abhAva hone para usake vyApya zizapAtva kA bhI abhAva hai| kAryAnupalabdhi ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-yahA~ para apratibaddha sAmarthya vAlI agni nahIM hai, kyoMki dhUma nahIM pAyA jAtA // 77 // . jisakI sAmarthya apratibaddha hai, aisA kAraNa apane kArya ke prati .
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH nAstyatra dhUmosnagneH // 78 // kAraNAnupalabdhi mAha- pUrvaca rAnupalabdhimAha - na bhaviSyati muhUrttAnte zakaTaM kRttikodayAnupalabdheH // 79 // uttaracarAnupalabdhi mAha nodagAdbharaNimuMhUrtAtprAk tata eva // 80 // tata eva kRttikodayAnupalabdherevetyarthaH / 123 sahacarAnupalabdhiH prAptakAletyAha nAstyatra samatulAyAmunnAmo nAmAnupalabdheH // 81 // viruddha kAryAdyanupalabdhividhI sambhavatItyAcakSANAbhedAstraya eveti tAneva pradarzayitumAha viruddhAnupalabdhividhI tredhA -- viruddhakAryakAraNastrabhAvA-nupalabdhibhedAt // 82 // anupahata zakti vAlA kahA jAtA hai / yahA~ apratihata zakti vAlI agni kA abhAva usake kArya dhUma ke nahIM pAe jAne se hai / kAraNAnupalabdhi ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha - yahA~ para dhUma nahIM hai; kyoMki agni nahIM hai // 78 // pUrvarAnupalabdhi ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha --- eka muhUrta ke pazcAt rohiNI kA udaya nahIM hogA; kyoMki kRttikA ke udaya ko anupalabdhi hai / / 79 / / uttaracarAnupalabdhi ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha - eka muhUrta se pahale bharaNI kA udaya nahIM huA hai; kyoMki uttaracarakRttikA kA udaya nahIM pAyA jAtA hai // 80 // sUtra meM 'tata eva' pada se kRttikA ke udaya kI anupalabdhi kA artha liyA gayA hai / aba jisakA samaya prApta huA hai, aisI sahacarAnupalabdhi ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha - isa samatulA meM eka ora U~cApana nahIM hai; kyoMki unnAma kA avirodhI sahacara nahIM pAyA jAtA hai / / 81 / / viruddha kAryAnupalabdhi Adi hetu vidhi meM sambhava haiM aura usake bheda tIna hI haiM, yaha pradarzita karane ke lie kahate haiM sUtrArtha - vidhi ke astitva ko siddha karane meM viruddhAnupalabdhi ke 2
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM viruddhakAryAdyanupalabdhividhau sambhavatIti viruddhakAryakAraNasvabhAvAnupalabdhiriti / tata viruddhakAryAnupalabdhimAhayathAsmin prANini vyAdhivizeSo'sti; nirAmayaceSTAnu palabdhaH // 83 // vyAdhivizeSasya hi viruddhastadabhAvaH, tasya kArya nirAmayaceSTA, tasyA anupalabdhiriti / viruddhakAraNAnupalabdhimAha astyatra dehini duHkhamiSTasaMyogAbhAvAt // 84 // duHkhavirodhi sukham, tasya kAraNamiSTasaMyogastadanupalabdhiriti / viruddhasvabhAvAnupalabdhimAhaanekAntAtmakaM vastvakAntasvarUpAnupalabdhaH // 85 // anekAntAtmakavirodhI nityAdyakAntaH, na punastadviSayavijJAnam, tasya mithyA tIna bheda haiM-(1) viruddha kAryAnupalabdhi (2) viruddha kAraNAnupalabdhi aura (3) viruddha svabhAvAnupalabdhi / viruddha kAryAnupalabdhi ke viSaya meM kahate haiM. sUtrArtha-jaise isa prANI meM vyAdhivizeSa hai; kyoMki nirAmaya ceSTA kI anupalabdhi hai / / 83 // ___ vyAdhivizeSa ke sadbhAva kA virodhI usakA abhAva hai, usakA kArya nirAmaya ceSTA hai, usako yahA~ anupalabdhi hai| viruddha kAraNAnupalabdhi ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArya-isa prANI meM duHkha hai, kyoMki iSTa saMyoga kA abhAva hai|| 84 // duHkha kA virodhI sukha hai, usakA kAraNa iSTa saMyoga hai, usakI anuplbdhi| viruddha svabhAvAnupalabdhi ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-vastu anekAntAtmaka hai; kyoMki vastu kA ekAnta svarUpa pAyA nahIM jAtA hai / / 85 // .: anekAntAtmaka sAdhya kA virodhI nityatva Adi ekAnta hai, na ki
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________________ 121 tRtIyaH samuddezaH jJAnarUpayopalambhasambhavAt / tasya svruupmvaastvaakaarstsyaanuplbdhiH| nanu ca vyApakaviruddhakAryAdInAM paramparayA'virodhikAryAdiliGgAnAM ca bahalamupalambhasambhavAttAnyapi kimiti nAcAryairudAhRtAnItyAzaGkAyAmAha paramparayA sambhavatsAdhanamatraivAntarbhAvanIyam // 86 // atraivaiteSu kAryAdiSvityarthaH / tasyaiva sAdhanosyopalakSaNArthamudAharaNadvayaM pradarzayati abhUdatra cake zivakaH sthAsAt // 87 // etacca kiMsaJjikaM kvAntarbhavatItyArekAyAmAha ___ kAryakAryamaviruddha kAryopalabdhau // 88 // antarbhAvanIyamiti sambandha H / zivakasya hi kArya chatrakam, tasya kArya sthAsa iti / ekAnta padArtha ko viSaya karane vAlA vijJAna; kyoMki mithyAjJAna ke rUpa se usakI upalabdhi saMbhava hai| nityAdi ekAnta kA svarUpa avAstavika hai, ataH usakI anupalabdhi hai| __zaMkA-vyApaka viruddha kAryAdi hetu aura paramparA se avirodhI kAryAdi hetuoM kA pAyA jAnA bahulatA se sambhava hai| unake udAharaNa AcAryoM ne kyoM nahIM die ? samAdhAna--isa prakAra kI zaGkA hone para kahate haiM sUtrArtha-paramparA se jo sAdhanarUpa hetu sambhava haiM, unakA ina do hI hetuoM meM antarbhAva kara lenA cAhie // 86 / / sUtra meM Ae hue 'atraiva' kA tAtparya hai-yahIM kAryAdi meM / usI sAdhana ke upalakSaNa ke lie do udAharaNa dikhalAte haiM sUtrArtha-isa cakra para zivaka ho gayA hai; kyoMki sthAsa pAyA jA rahA hai // 87 // isa hetu kI kyA saMjJA hai aura isakA antarbhAva kahA~ hotA hai ? aisI AzaMkA hone para kahate haiM sUtrArtha kArya ke kArya rUpa ukta hetu kA aviruddha kAryopalabdhi meM antarbhAva karanA cAhie // 88 // yahA~ 'antarbhAvanIyam' pada jor3a lenA caahie| zivaka kA kArya kSatraka hai aura usakA kArya sthAsa hai|
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________________ "126 prameyaratnamAlAyAM dRSTAntadvAreNa dvitIyahetumudAharati. nAstyatra guhAyAM mRgakIDanaM mRgArisaMzabdanAt / kAraNa'viruddha kArya viruddhakAryopalabdhau yathA // 89 // mRgakrIDanasya hi kAraNaM mRgastasya virodhI mRgAnistasya kArya tacchabdanamiti / idaM yathA viruddha kAryopalabdhAvantarbhavati, tathA prakRtamapItyarthaH / bAlavyutpatthaM paJcAvayavaprayoga ityuktam / vyutpannamprati kathaM prayoganiyama iti zaGkAyAmAhavyutpannaprayogastu tathopapattyA'nyathAnupapattyaiva vA // 90 // vyutpannasya vyutpannAya vA prayogaH, kriyata iti zeSaH / tathopapattyA tathA sAdhye -satyevopapattistayA'nyathAnupapattyaiva vA'nyathA sAdhyAbhAve'nupapattistayA / * * tAmevAnumAnamudrAmunmudrayatiagnimAnayaM dezastathaiva dhUmavattvopapatte-- mavattvAnyathA nupapattervA // 91 // dRSTAnta ke dvArA dvitIya hetu kA udAharaNa dete haiM sUtrArtha-isa guphA meM mRga kI krIDA nahIM hai, kyoMki siMha kA zabda ho rahA hai / yaha kAraNaviruddha kArya rUpa hetu hai, isakA viruddhakAryopalabdhi meM antarbhAva karanA cAhie / / 82 // mRga kI krIr3A kA kAraNa mRga hai, usakA virodhI siMha hai, usakA * kArya usakI garjanA hai| yaha jaise viruddha kAryopalabdhi ke antarbhUta hotA hai, usI prakAra kArya rUpa hetu kA aviruddha kAryopalabdhi meM antarbhAva hotA hai / bAla vyutpatti ke lie anumAna ke pA~coM avayavoM kA prayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai, aisA Apane kahA hai| vyutpanna puruSa ke prati prayoga kA kyA niyama hai, isa prakAra kI zaMkA hone para kahate haiM satrArtha-vyutpanna prayoga tathopapatti athavA anyathAnupapatti ke dvArA karanA cAhie / / 90 // ___ vyutpanna kA athavA vyutpanna ke lie prayoga karanA caahie| sUtra meM 'kriyata' pada zeSa hai| sAdhya ke hone para ho sAdhana ke hone ko tathopapatti kahate haiM aura sAdhya ke abhAva meM sAdhana ke abhAva ko anyathAnupapatti . kahate / usake dvArA vyutpanna prayoga karanA caahie| usI anumAnamudrA ko prakaTa karate haiMsUtrArtha-yaha pradeza agni vAlA hai, kyoMki tathaiva arthAt agni vAlA ,
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________________ 127 tRtIyaH samudezaH nanu tadatirikta dRSTAntAderapi vyAptipratipattAvupayogitvAt vyutpannApekSayA kathaM tadaprayoga ityAha hetuprayogo hi yathA vyAptigrahaNaM vidhIyate sA ca tAvanamAtreNa vyutpannaravadhAryate // 92 // hi zabdo yasmAdarthe / yasmAdyathA vyAptigrahaNaM vyAptigrahaNAnatikrameNava hetuprayogo vidhIyate sA ca tAvanmAtreNa vyutpannastathopapattyA'nyathAnupapattyA vA'vadhAryate dRSTAntAdikamantareNavetyarthaH / yathA dRSTAntAdeAptipratipattimpratyanaGgatvaM tathA prAk prapaJcitamiti neha punaH pratanyate / nApi dRSTAntAdiprayogaH sAdhyasiddhayarthaM phalavAnityAha tAvatA ca sAdhyasiddhiH // 93 // cakAra evakArArthe / nizcitavipakSAsambhavahetuprayogamAtreNaiva saadhysiddhirityrthH| hone para ho dhUmavAlA ho sakatA hai| agni ke abhAva meM dhUmavAlA nahIM ho sakatA // 91 // zaDA-sAdhya-sAdhana ke atirikta dRSTAnta Adi kA prayoga bhI vyApti ke jJAna karAne meM upayogI hai, phira vyutpanna puruSoM kI apekSA se unakA aprayoga kyoM ? isake viSaya meM ( samAdhAna ) kahate haiM sUtrArtha-jaise vyApti kA grahaNa ho jAya, usa prakAra se hetu kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai, ataH utane mAtra se vyutpanna puruSa vyApti kA nizcaya kara lete haiM / / 92 // hi zabda yasmAt artha meM hai| jaise vyApti kA grahaNa ho jAya isa prakAra vyApti ke grahaNa kA ullaMghana na karate hue hetu kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| vaha vyApti utane mAtra se vyutpannoM ke dvArA tathopapatti athavA anyathAnupapatti ke dvArA dRSTAntAdika ke binA nizcita kI jAtI hai, yaha tAtparya hai| jisa prakAra dRSTAntAdika vyApti ke jJAna ke prati kAraNa nahIM haiM, usakA kathana 'etadvayamevAnumAnAGga' ityAdi sUtra kI vyAkhyA kara cuke haiM, ataH yahA~ punaH vistAra nahIM kiyA jAtA hai / __dRSTAntAdi kA prayoga sAdhya ko siddhi ke lie phalavAn nahIM hai, isake viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha utane mAtra se hI sAdhya kI siddhi ho jAtI hai // 93 / / 'ca' zabda evakAra ke artha meM hai| jisakA vipakSa meM rahanA nizcita
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________________ 128 prameyaratnamAlAyAM tena pakSaprayogo'pi saphala iti darzayannAha tena pakSastadAdhAra-sUcanAyoktaH // 94 // yatastathopapattyanyathAnupapattiprayogamAtreNa vyAptipratipattistena hetunA pakSastadAdhArasUcanAya sAdhyavyAptasAdhanAdhArasUcanAyoktaH / tato yaduktaM pareNa tadbhAvahetubhAvau hi dRSTAnte tadavedinaH / khyApyete viduSAM vAcyo hetureva hi kevalaH / / 22 // iti tannirastam; vyutpanna prati yathoktahetu prayogo'pi pakSaprayogAbhAve sAdhanasya niyatAdhAratAnavadhAraNAt / athAnumAnasvarUpaM pratipAdyedAnI kramaprAptamAgamasvarUpaM nirUpayitumAha AptavacanAdi-nibandhanamarthajJAnamAgamaH // 95 // rUpa se asambhava hai, aise hetu ke prayogamAtra se hI sAdhya kI siddhi ho jAtI hai, yaha artha hai| yathokta sAdhana se sAdhya kI siddhi hotI hai, ataH pakSa kA prayoga bhI saphala hai, isa bAta ko dikhalAte hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha-sAdhana se vyApta sAdhya rUpa AdhAra kI sUcanA ke lie pakSa kahA jAtA hai / / 94 / / cU~ki tathopapatti aura anyathAnupapatti ke prayoga mAtra se vyApti kI jAnakArI ho jAtI hai, isa kAraNa usa AdhAra kI sUcanA ke liesAdhya vyApta sAdhana ke AdhAra kI sUcanA ke lie pakSa kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| ataH bauddhoM ne jo kahA hai zlokArtha-jo ( avyutpanna ) puruSa sAdhya vyApta sAdhana ko nahIM jAnate haiM, unake lie vijJajana dRSTAnta (mahAnasAdi) meM sAdhya-sAdhanabhAva yA pakSa-hetubhAva ko kahate haiM, kintu vidvAnoM ke lie kevala eka hetu hI kahanA cAhie // 22 // unake isa kathana kA nirAkaraNa kara diyA gayA hai| vyutpanna puruSa ke prati yathokta hetu kA prayoga karane para bhI pakSa-prayoga ke abhAva meM sAdhana ke nizcita niyata AdhAratA kA nizcaya nahIM karatA hai| ____ aba anumAna ke svarUpa kA nirUpaNa kara isa samaya krama prApta Agama kA svarUpa nirUpita karane ke lie kahate haiM sUtrArtha-Apta ke vacana Adi ke nimitta se hone vAle arthajJAna ko Agama kahate haiM / / 95 //
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH yo yatrAvaJcakaH sa tatrA''ptaH / Aptasya vacanam | AdizabdenAGgulyAdisaMjJAparigrahaH / AptavacanamAdiryasya tattathoktam / tannibandhanaM yasyArthajJAnasyeti / AptazabdopAdAnAdapauruSeyatvavyavacchedaH / arthajJAnamityanenAnyApohajJAnasyAbhiprAyasUcanasya ca nirAsaH / nanvasambhavIdaM lakSaNam; zabdasya nityatvenApauruSeyAtvAdAptapraNItatvAyogAt / tannityatvaM ca tadavayavAnAM varNAnAM vyApakatvAnnityatvAcca / na ca tadvayApakatvamasiddham ; ekatra prayuktasya gavArAdeH pratyabhijJayA dezAntare'pi grahaNAt / sa evAyaM 129 vizeSa - 'arthajJAna Agama hai' yaha kahane para pratyakSAdi meM ativyApti ho jAyagI, ataH usake parihAra ke lie 'vAkya nibandhanaM' kahA hai / vAkyanibandhana arthajJAna Agama hai, aisA kahane para bhI apanI icchA se kucha bhI bolane vAle, Thagane vAle logoM ke vAkya, soe hue tathA unmatta puruSoM ke vacanoM se utpanna hone vAle arthajJAna meM lakSaNa ke cale jAne se ativyApti doSa hogA / ataH Apta vizeSaNa lagAyA hai / Aptavacana jisameM kAraNa hai, aisA jJAna Agama hai, aisA kahane para Apta vAkya jisakA karma hai, aise zrAvaNa pratyakSa meM ativyApti doSa ho jAyagA, ataH usake nirAkaraNa ke lie artha vizeSaNa diyA hai / Aptavacana jisameM kAraNa hai aisA arthajJAna Agama hai, aisA kahe jAne para parArthAnumAna meM ativyApti ho jAyagI, ataH usake parihAra ke lie Adi pada grahaNa kiyA gayA hai / jo jahA~ avaJcaka hai, vaha vahA~ Apta hai / Apta kA vacana Aptavacana hai / Adi zabda se aGgulI Adi kA saMketa grahaNa karanA cAhie / Apta ke vacanAdi jisa arthajJAna ke kAraNa haiM, vaha Agama pramANa hai Apta zabda ke grahaNa se apauruSeya rUpa veda kA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai. 'arthajJAna' isa pada se anyApoha jJAna kA tathA abhiprAya ke sUcaka zabda sandarbha kA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai / ( jaise kisI ne kahA 'ghar3A lAo', taba jala lAne rUpa artha ke abhiprAya ko mana meM rakhakara lAtA hai / usa samaya usake abhiprAya kI sArthakatA nahIM hai, ho sakatA hai ma~gAne vAle kA tAtparya jala lAne se bhinna ghaTa se ho / ) mImAMsaka - yaha lakSaNa asambhava doSa se yukta hai / zabda nitya hone se apauruSeya hai, ataH usakA AptapraNIta honA nahIM bana sakatA hai / zabdoM kI nityatA usake avayavarUpa varNoM kI vyApakatA aura nitya hone se siddha hai / varNoM kA vyApakapanA asiddha bhI nahIM hai / ekadeza meM prayukta gakAra Adi
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________________ 130 prameyaratnamAlAyAM gakAra iti nityatvamapi tayaivAvasIyate, kAlAntare'pi tasyaiva gakArAdenizcayAt / ito vA nityatvaM zabdasya saGketAnyathAnupapattariti / tathAhi-gRhItasaGketasya zabdasya pradhvaMse satyagRhItasaGketaH zabda idAnImanya evopalabhyata iti tatkathamarthapratyayaH syAt ? na cAso na bhavatIti sa evAyaM zabda iti pratyabhijJAnasyAnyatrApi sulabhatvAcca / na ca varNAnAM zabdasya vA nityatve sarvaiH sarvadA zravaNaprasaGgaH; sarvadA tadabhivyakterasambhavAt / tadasambhavazcAbhivyaJjakavAyUnAM pratiniyatatvAt / na ca teSAmanupapannatvam; pramANapratipannattvAt / tathAhivaktamukhanikaTadezavattibhiH spArzanenAdhyakSeNa vyaJjakA vAyavo gRhyante / dUradezasthitena mukhasamIpasthitatUlacalanAdanumIyante / zrotRzrotradeze zabdazravaNAnyathAnupapatterApattyApi nizcIyante / varNa kA pratyabhijJAna se anya deza meM bhI grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai ki yaha vahI gakAra hai| isI prakAra varNoM kI nityatA bhI mAnI jAtI hai, kAlAntara meM bhI usI gakArAdi varNa kA nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai| isa zabda se yaha padArtha grahaNa karanA cAhiye, isa prakAra kA saGketa anyathA nahIM ho sakatA, isa anyathAnupapatti se zabda nitya siddha hotA hai / isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM jisakA saGketa grahaNa kiyA gayA hai, aise zabda ke dhvaMsa hone para jisakA saGkata grahaNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai, aisA zabda isa samaya anya hI prApta hotA hai, to artha kA nizcaya kaise ho? artha kA nizcaya na hotA ho, aisA bhI nahIM hai| yaha zabda vahI hai, isa prakAra kA pratyabhijJAna anyatra bhI sulabha hai| aisA bhI nahIM hai ki varNa athavA zabda ke nitya mAnane para sabhI logoM ke dvArA sunane kA prasaGga AyegA; kyoMki vargoM athavA zabdoM kI sadaiva abhivyakti asambhava hai / usa asambhavA kA kAraNa yaha hai ki varNoM aura zabdoM kI abhivyaJjaka vAyu pratiniyata haiN| varNoM yA zabdoM kI abhivyaJjaka vAyu kA na pAyA jAnA bhI nahIM kaha sakate; kyoMki vAyu kA sadbhAva pramANoM se svIkRta hai| isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM vaktA ke mukha ke nikaTa sthita puruSa sparzana pratyakSa se vyaJjaka vAyu kA grahaNa karate haiN| dUra baiThe hae puruSa dvArA ( vaktA ke ) mukha ke samIpa meM sthita vastrAdi ke hilane se unakA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai tathA zrotA ke karNapradeza meM zabda ke zravaNa kI anyathAnupapatti rUpa arthApatti ke dvArA bhI una varNoM kA nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai|
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________________ tRtIyaH samudezaH 131 kiJca-utpattipakSe'pi samAno'yaM doSaH / tathAhi-vAyvAkAzasaMyogA dasamavAyikAraNAdAkAzAcca samavAyikAraNAdigdezAdyavibhAgenotpadyamAno'yaM zabdo na sarvairana bhUyate, api tu niyata-digdezasthaireva / tathA'bhivyajyamAno'pi nApyabhivyaktisAGkaryam; ubhayatrApi samAnatvAdeva / tathAhi-anyastAlvAdisaMyogaiyathA'nyo varNo na kriyate, tathA dhvanyantarasAribhistAlvAdibhiranyo dhvnirimmte| ityutpattyabhivyaktayoH samAnatve naikatraiva paryanuyogAvasara' iti sarva sustham / he naiyAyika ? tumane abhivyakti pakSa meM varNa aura zabda kI nityatA mAnane para sadaiva sabake zravaNa ho, isa prakAra dUSaNa diyA hai to utpattipakSa meM bhI mere dvArA usI prakAra kA doSa diyA jAtA hai, isa prakAra donoM jagaha samAna doSa hai| isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM-vAyu aura AkAza ke saMyoga rUpa asamavAyi kAraNa se tathA AkAza rUpa samavAyikAraNa se dizA-deza Adi ke avibhAga se utpanna hone vAlA yaha zabda sabhI janoM ke sunane meM nahIM AtA hai, apitu niyata dizA aura deza meM sthita puruSoM ke dvArA hI vaha sunA jAtA hai| usI prakAra abhivyaJjaka vAyu ke dvArA abhivyakta hone vAlA bhI zabda sabhI ke sunane meM nahIM AtA, apitu niyata dizA aura deza meM sthita puruSoM ko vaha sunane meM AtA hai| jaise dIpaka andhakAra ke pradeza meM vidyamAna ghaTa paTAdi kA prakAzaka hotA hai, usI prakAra abhivyaJjaka kAraNoM ke milane para varNa aura zabdoM kI abhivyakti eka sAtha ho jAnA cAhiye, isa prakAra abhivyakti kA sArya ho jAyegA, yaha bhI nahIM kaha sakate; kyoMki isa prakAra kA abhivyakti sArya to nitya aura anitya donoM pakSoM meM samAna hai| tAtparya yaha ki jisa prakAra anya tAlu Adi ke saMyoga se anya varNa utpanna nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, kintu tAlvAdi jisa zabda kA anusaraNa karate haiM, use abhivyakta karate haiM, usI prakAra anya dhvani kA anusaraNa karane vAle tAlu Adi se anya dhvani kI abhivyakti nahIM kI jA sktii| isa prakAra utpatti pakSa aura abhivyakti pakSa kI samAnatA hone para kisI eka-eka pakSa meM AkSepa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ( kahA bhI hai-jahA~ para donoM ko samAna doSa ho aura usakA parihAra bhI eka jaisA ho, usa artha ke nirUpaNa meM kisI eka para prazna nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai)| isa prakAra hamArA ( mImAMsakoM kA) saba kathana ThIka hai|
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM mAbhUdvarNAnAM tadAtmakasya vA zabdasya kauTasthyanityatvam / tathApyanAdiparaparA''yAtatvena vedasya nityatvAt prAguktalakSaNasyAvyApakatvam / na ca pravAhanityatvamapramANakamevAsyeti yuktaM vaktum / adhunA tatkarturanupalambhAdatItAnAgatayorapi kAlayostadanumApakasya liGgasyAbhAvAt / tadabhAvo'pi sarvadApyatIndriyasAdhyasAdhanasambandhasyendriyagrAhyatvAyogAt / pratyakSa pratipannameva hi liGgam / 'anumAnaM hi gRhItasambandhasyaikadezasandarzanAt, asannikRSTe'rthe buddhiH ityabhidhAnAt / nApyarthApattestatsiddhiH, ananyathAbhUtasyArthasyAbhAvAt / upamAnopameyayorapratyakSatvAcca nApyupamAnaM sAdhakam / kevalamabhAva 'pramANamevAvaziSyate; tacca tadabhAvasAdhakamiti / na ca puruSasadbhAvavadasyApi duHsAdhyatvAtsaMzayApattiH tadabhAvasAdhakapramANAnAM sulabhatvAt / adhunA hi tadabhAvaH pratyakSamaiva / atItAnAgatayoH 132 varNoM kI athavA tadAtmaka zabda kI kUTasthanityatA na ho, phira bhI anAdi paramparA se Aye hue veda kI nityatA ke kAraNa ApakA pUrvokta Agama kA lakSaNa avyApaka hai / veda kI pravAhanityatA aprAmANika hai, aisA kahanA ThIka nahIM hai / vartamAnakAla meM usakA karttA koI prApta nahIM hotA, ataH atIta aura anAgatakAla meM veda ke karttA ke anumApaka liGga kA abhAva hai / usakA abhAva bhI isaliye hai ki atIndriya sAdhya aura sAdhana kA sambandha kabhI bhI indriyoM ke dvArA grahaNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai / liGga to pratyakSa ke dvArA parijJAta hI hotA hai / jisane ( sAdhya aura sAdhana ke avinAbhAvarUpa ) sambandha ko grahaNa kiyA hai aise puruSa ke hI ( sAdhana rUpa ) ekadeza ke dekhane se parokSa padArtha meM jo buddhi hotI haiM, vaha anumAna hai, aisA kahA gayA hai / arthApatti pramANa se bhI veda ke karttA kI siddhi nahIM hotI; kyoMki ananyathAbhUta padArtha kA abhAva hai / upamAna aura upameya ke apratyakSa hone se upamAna bhI sAdhaka nahIM hai / kevala eka abhAva pramANa hI avaziSTa rahatA hai / vaha abhAva pramANa veda ke karttA ke abhAva kA sAdhaka hai / jisa prakAra veda ke karttArUpa puruSa kA sadbhAva siddha karanA duHsAdhya hai, usI prakAra veda ke kartA kA abhAva siddha karanA duHsAdhya hai, ataH saMzaya kI Apatti AtI hai, aisA bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA; kyoMki veda ke karttA ke abhAva ke sAdhaka pramANa sulabha haiM / vartamAnakAla meM veda ke karttA kA 1. pramANapaJcakaM yatra vasturUpe na jAyate / vastvasattAvabodhArthaM tatrAbhAvapramANatA // 1 //
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH kAlayoranumAnaM tadabhAvasAdhakamiti / tathA ca atItAnAgatau kAlau vedakAravivarjitau / kAlazabdAbhidheyatvAdidAnIntana kAlavat // 23 // vedasyAdhyayanaM sarvaM tadadhyayanapUrvakam / vedAdhyayanavAcyatvAdadhunAdhyayanaM yathA // 24 // iti tathA apauruSeyo vedaH, anavacchinnasampradAyatve satyasmaryamANakartRkatvAdAkAzavat / arthApattirapi prAmANyalakSaNasyArthasyAnanyathAbhUtasya darzanAttadabhAve nizcIyate; dharmAdyatIndriyArthaviSayasya vedasyAvagdarzibhiH katumazakyAt / atIndriyArthadarzinaracAbhAvAtprAmANyamapauruSeyatAmeva kalpayatIti / atra pratividhIyate yattAvaduktaM varNAnAM vyApitve nityatve ca pratyabhijJA pramANamiti, tadasat; pratyabhijJAyAstatra pramANatvAyogAt / dezAntare'pi tasyaiva varNasya sattve khaNDazaH pratipattiH syAt / na hi sarvatra vyAptyA vartamAnasyaikasmin 133 abhAva pratyakSa hI hai, atIta aura anAgatakAla anumAna veda ke karttA ke abhAva kA sAdhaka hai / kahA bhI hai zlokArtha - atIta aura anAgatakAla veda ko banAne vAle puruSa se rahita haiM; kyoMki ve 'kAla' zabda ke vAcya haiM, jaise ki isa samaya kA vartamAnakAla // 23 // zaGkA - phira veda kA adhyayana kaise sambhava hai ? isake uttara meM kahate haiM veda kA adhyayana tadadhyayanapUrvaka hai; kyoMki vaha vedAdhyayana kA vAcya hai / jaise ki vartamAnakAla kA adhyayana // 24 // tathA veda apauruSeya hai; kyoMki vicchedarahita sampradAya ke hone para bhI usake karttA kA smaraNa nahIM hai, jaise AkAza ke karttA kA smaraNa nahIM hai / arthApatti bhI prAmANyalakSaNa ananyathAbhUta artha ke darzana se veda ke karttA ke abhAva kA nizcaya karAtI hai; kyoMki dharma Adi atIndriya padArthoM ko viSaya karane vAle veda kA alpajJa puruSoM ke dvArA praNayana karanA azakya hai / atIndriya padArthoM ke darzI ( sarvajJa ) kA abhAva hone se veda kI pramANatA usakI apauruSeyatA ko hI siddha karatI hai / ukta kathana kA uttara dete haiM- jo Apane kahA ki varNoM ke vyApaka aura nitya hone meM pratyabhijJAna pramANa hai, yaha ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki varNoM ke vyApakatva aura nitya hone meM pratyabhijJAna ke pramANatA nahIM hai / yadi pramANatA ho to dUsare sthAna para bhI usI eka varNa kA sattva mAnane para A
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________________ 134 prameyaratnamAlAyAM pradeze sAmastyena grahaNamupapattiyuktam; avyApakatvaprasaGgAt / ghaTAderapi vyApakatvaprasaGgazca / zakyaM hi vaktumevam - ghaTaH sarvagatazcakSurAdisannidhAnAdanekatra deze pratIyata iti / nanu ghaTotpAdakasya mRtpiNDAderanekasyopalambhAdanekatvameva / tathA mahadaNuparimANasambhavAcceti / tacca varNeSvapi samAnam; tatrApi pratiniyatatAlvAdikAraNakalApasya tIvrAdidharmabhedasya ca sambhavAvirodhAt / tAtvAdInAM vyaJjakatvamatraiva niSetsyata ityAstAM tAvadetat / atha vyApitvaspi sarvatra sarvAtmanA vRttimatvAnna doSo'yamiti cenna; tathA sati sarvathaikatvavirodhAt / na hi dezabhedena yugapatsarvAtmanA pratIyamAnasyaikatvamupapannam ; pramANavirodhAt / tathA ca prayogaH - pratyekaM gakArAdivarNo'neka eva; yugakhaNDa-khaNDa prApti hogI / ( kintu khaNDazaH prApti nahIM hotI hai ) / jo vyApti se saba jagaha vartamAna ho, usakA eka pradeza meM samasta rUpa se grahaNa yuktiyukta nahIM hai / eka pradeza meM samasta rUpa se grahaNa mAnane para avyApakapane kA prasaMga AtA hai / ( varNa vyApaka bhI ho aura eka pradeza meM sarvAtmanA vidyamAna bhI ho to ) ghaTAdi ke bhI vyApakapane kA prasaMga AtA hai / phira to yaha kahA jA sakatA hai -ghaTa sarvagata hai; kyoMki cakSu Adi ke sannidhAna se eka hote hue bhI aneka sthAnoM para pratIti meM AtA hai / mImAMsaka - ghaTa ke utpAdaka miTTI kA piNDa, cakra Adi aneka kAraNoM kI prApti hotI hai tathA mahat aura aNu parimANa bhI pAyA jAtA hai ( ataH ghaTa ke anekatA hai ) / jaina - kAraNa kA bhedapanA to varNoM meM bhI samAna hai / unameM bhI pratiniyata tAlu, kaNTha Adi kAraNa samUha aura tIvra manda Adi dharma bheda ke sambhava hone meM koI virodha nahIM hai / tAlu Adi ke vyaJjakapane kA yahIM niSedha kiyA jAyegA, ataH yaha kathana yahIM rahane dIjie / mImAMsaka-varNoM kI vyApakatA mAnane para bhI sarvatra sarvAtma rUpa se unake pAe jAne para yaha doSa nahIM AtA hai / jaina - yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai / aisA hone para varNa ko ekatA kA virodha AtA hai / tAtparya yaha ki yadi vyApaka eka pradeza meM sampUrNa rUpa se hai, punaH anyatra pradeza meM sampUrNa rUpa se hai to anekatvapanA prApta ho gayA / dezabheda se yugapat sarvAtma rUpa se pratIta hone vAle varNa kI ekatA nahIM bana sakatI; kyoMki pramANa se virodha AtA hai / tAtparya yaha
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________________ tRtIyaH samudezaH 135 pabhinnadezatayA tathaiva sarvAtmanopalabhyamAnatvAt, ghaTAdivat / na sAmAnyena vyabhicAraH, tasyApi sadRzapariNAmAtmakasyAnekatvAt / nApi parvatAdyanekapradezasthatayA yugapadanekadezasthitapuruSaparidRzyamAnena candrArkAdinA vyabhicAraH, tasyAtidaviSThatayaikadezasthitasyApi bhrAntivazAdanekadezasthatvena pratIteH / na cAbhrAntasya bhrAntena vyabhicArakalpanA yukteti / nApi jalapAtrapratibimbena, tasyApi candrArkAdisannidhimapekSya tathApariNamamAnasyAnekatvAt / tasmAdanekapradeze yugapatsarvAtmanopalabhyamAnaviSayasyaikasyAsambhAvyamAnatvAttatra pravartamAnaM pratyabhijJAnaM na pramANamiti sthitam / tathA nityatvamapi na pratyabhijJAnena nizcIyata iti / nityatvaM hi ekasyAnekakSaNavyApitvam / taccAntarAle sattAnupalambhana na zakyate nizcetum / na ca pratyabhijJAnabalenaivAntarAle sattAsambhavaH, tasya sAdRzyAdapi sambhavAvirodhAt / na ca ki eka hI ghar3A pratyakSa se ekadeza meM upalabhya hone para vahI anyatra prApta nahIM hotA hai, isI prakAra kA varNa bhI hai, isa prakAra pratyakSAdi pramANa se virodha AtA hai| prayoga isa prakAra hai gakAra Adi pratyeka varNa aneka hI haiM; kyoMki eka sAtha bhinnabhinna dezoM meM pratyeka varNa apane pUrNa rUpa se pAyA jAtA hai, jaise ghaTAdi / sAmAnya eka hote hue bhI anekatra pratIti meM AtA hai, ataH usase ukta hetu meM vyabhicAra AtA hai, aisA bhI nahIM kaha sakate; kyoMki sadRza pariNAmAtmaka vaha sAmAnya bhI aneka prakAra kA hotA hai| parvatAdi aneka pradeza sthita rUpa se eka sAtha aneka dezastha puruSoM ke dvArA dikhAI dene vAle eka candra yA sUrya Adi se hetu meM vyabhicAra AtA hai, yaha bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA, kyoMki candra sUryAdi ke ati dUravartI hone se eka dezastha bhI candra-sUryAdi ko bhrAnti ke vaza aneka dezastha rUpa se pratIti hotI hai| abhrAnta kI bhrAnta se vyabhicAra kalpanA karanA yukta nahIM hai| aura na jala se bhare hue pAtra meM dikhAI dene vAle candra sUryAdi ke pratibimba se vyabhicAra AtA hai| kyoMki candra sUryAdi ke sAmIpya kI apekSA kara jala ke tathArUpa se pariNata usa pratibimba ke bhI anekatA hai| isalie aneka pradeza meM eka sAtha sarvAtma rUpa se upalabdha hone vAle gakArAdi kA eka honA asambhava hai, ataH usake vyApitva meM pravartamAna pratyabhijJAna pramANa nahIM hai, yaha siddha huaa| nityatA kA nizcaya bhI pratyabhijJAna se nahIM hotA hai| eka vastu kA anekakSaNavyApI honA nityatA hai| vaha antarAla meM sattA ke na pAe jAne se nizcaya nahIM kI jA sakatI hai| aura pratyabhijJAna ke bala se
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________________ 136 prameyaratnamAlAyAM ghaTAdAvasyevaM prasaGga; tasyotpattAvaparAparamRtpiNDAntaralakSaNasya kAraNasyAsambhAvyamAnatvenAntarAle sattAyAH sAdhayituM zakyatvAt / atra tu kAraNAnAmapUrvANAM vyApAre sambhAvanA'to nAntarAle sattAsambhava iti / yaccAnyaduktam-'saGketAnyathAnupapatteH zabdasya nityatvamiti', idamapyanAtmabhASitameva; anitye'pi yojayitu zakyatvAt / tathAhi-gRhItasaGketasya daNDasya pradhvaMse satyagRhItasaGketa idAnImanya eva daNDaH samupalabhyata iti daNDoti na syAt / tathA dhUmasyApi gRhItavyAptikasya nAze anyadhUmadarzanAdvanhivijJAnAbhAvazca / atha sAdRzyAttathA pratItena doSa iti cedatrApi sAdRzyavazAdarthapratyaye ko doSaH ? yena nityatve'tra durabhiniveza AdhIyate / tathA kalpanAyAmantarAle sattvamapyadRSTaM na kalpitaM syAditi / yaccAnyadabhihitam-'vyaJjakAnAM pratiniyatatvAnna yugapat zrutiriti, tadapya-: antarAla meM vargoM kI sattA pAyA jAnA sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki sAdRzya se bhI pratyabhijJAna ke sambhava hone meM koI virodha nahIM AtA hai| ghaTAdika meM bhI aisA prasaMga nahIM AtA; kyoMki ghaTa kI utpatti meM anya anya mRtpiNDa rUpa lakSaNa vAle kAraNa kI asambhAvanA se antarAla meM sattA siddha karanA zakya hai| zabda meM to apUrva kAraNoM ke vyApAra kI sambhAvanA hai, ataH antarAla meM vargoM kI sattA sambhava nahIM hai| aura jo kahA gayA ki saMketa anyathA nahIM ho sakatA, ataH zabda ke nityatA hai, yaha bhI anAtmajJa bhASita hI hai; kyoMki aisI yojanA to anitya daNDAdi meM bhI kI jA sakatI hai| isI ko vyAkhyA karate haiMjisakA saMketa grahaNa kiyA thA, aise daNDa kA vinAza ho jAne para jisakA saMketa grahaNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai, aisA anya hI daNDa isa samaya pAyA jAtA hai ataH usa puruSa ko daNDI nahIM kahA jAnA caahie| tathA jisakI vyApti grahaNa kI hai, aise dhUma ke bhI nAza ho jAne para anya dhUma ke dekhane se agni kA jJAna nahIM honA cAhie / mImAMsaka kA yadi yaha kahanA hai ki sAdRzya se usa prakAra kI pratIti hone meM doSa nahIM hai to yahA~ zabda meM bhI sAdRzya ke vaza padArtha kA nizcaya hone meM kyA doSa hai ? jisase zabda kI nityatA meM durAgraha kA Azraya kara rahe haiN| sAdRzya ke vaza artha kI kalpanA karane para antarAla meM nahIM dikhAI dene vAle sattva kI bhI kalpanA nahIM karanI pdd'egii| ___ aura anya jo kahA ki vyaJjaka vAyuoM ke pratyeka varNa meM nizcita hone se eka sAtha zabdoM kA sunanA nahIM hotA, yaha bAta bhI azikSita
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH 137 zikSitalakSitam; samAnendriyagrAhyeSu samAnadharmasu samAnadezeSu viSayiviSayeSu niyamAyogAt / tathAhi-zrotraM samAnadeza-samAnendriyagrAhya-samAnadharmApannAnAmarthAnAM grahaNAya pratiniyatasaMskArakasaMskArya na bhavati, indriyatvAt, cakSurvat / zabdA vA pratiniyatasaMskArakasaMskAryA na bhavanti, samAnadeza-samAnendriyagrAhya-samAnadharmApannatve sati yugapadindriyasambaddhatvAta; ghaTAdivat / utpattipakSe'pyayaM doSaH samAna iti na vAcyam; mRtpiNDa-dIpadRSTAntAbhyAM kAraka-vyaJjakapakSayovizeSasiddherityalamatijalpitena / yaccAnyat-pravAhanityatvena vedasyApauruSeyatvamiti tatra kiM zabdamAtrasyAnAdinityatvamuta viziSTAnAmiti ? AdyapakSe ya eva zabdAH laukikAsta eva vaidikA ityalpamidamabhidhIyate veda evApauruSeya iti / kintu sarveSAmapi zAstrANAmapauruSeyateti / atha viziSTAnupUvikA eva zabdA anAditvenAbhidhIyante; teSAmavagatArthAnA puruSa ke kathana ke samAna pratIta hotI hai, kyoMki samAna eka karNendriya se grahaNa kiye jAne vAle, udAtta, anudAtta Adi samAna dharma vAle, AkAza lakSaNa samAna deza vAle viSaya (zabda )-viSayI (karNendriya ) meM pratiniyata kAraNa hone se abhivyakti ke niyama kA ayoga hone se eka sAtha grahaNa hotA hai| isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM___ karNendriya samAna deza, samAna indriyagnAhya aura samAna dharma vAle arthoM (gakArAdi zabdoM ) ke grahaNa karane ke lie pratiniyata pRthak-pRthak lakSaga vAlI vAyu ke saMskAra se saMskArita nahIM hotI hai| kyoMki vaha indriya hai, jaise-cakSu / athavA zabda pratiniyata saMskAroM se saMskArita nahIM hote haiN| kyoMki samAna deza, samAna indriyagrAhya aura samAna dharma vAle hokara eka sAtha zrotra indriya se sambandha ko prApta hote haiN| jaiseghaTAdi / utpatti pakSa meM bhI yaha doSa samAna hai, yaha nahIM kahanA caahiye| kyoMki miTTI kA piNDa aura dIpaka ke dRSTAnta se kAraka aura vyaJjaka pakSa meM vizeSatA siddha hai, ataH adhika kahane se bs|| aura mImAMsakoM ne jo pravAha kI nityatA se veda kI apauruSeyatA kahI, usa para hamArA prazna hai ki veda ke apauruSeyatva meM kyA zabda mAtra ke anAdi nityatA hai yA viziSTa zabdoM ke ? Adi pakSa meM jo zabda laukika haiM, ve hI vaidika haiM / ataH Apa alpa ho yaha kahate haiM ki veda hI apauruSeya haiM / apitu samasta zAstroM kI apauruSeyatA kahanA caahie| yadi viziSTa anukrama se Ae zabda ho anAdi kahe jAte haiM to unameM se avagata zabdoM
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________________ 138 prameyaratnamAlAyAM manavagatArthAnAM vA anAditA syAt ? yadi tAvaduttaraH pakSastadA'jJAnalakSaNamaprAmAjyamanuSajyate / atha Adya pakSa AzrIyate, tadvyAkhyAtAraH kiJcijJA bhaveyuH sarvajJA vA ? prathamapakSe duradhigamasambandhAnAmapyanyathA'pyarthasya kalpayituM zakyatvAt mithyAtvalakSaNamaprAmANyaM syAt / taduktam ayamoM nAyamartha iti zabdA vadanti na / kalpyo'yamarthaH puruSaiste ca rAgAdiviplutAH // 25 / / kiJca-kiJcijjavyAkhyAtArthAvizeSAd 'agnihotraM juhuyAt svargakAmaH' ityasya 'khAdecchvamAMsam' ityapi vAkyArthaH kiM na syAt , saMzayalakSaNamaprAmANyaM vA / __ atha sarvavidviditArtha eva vedo'nAdiparamparA''yAta iti cet 'hanta dharme codanaiva pramANam' iti hatametat atIndriyArthapratyakSIkaraNasamarthasya puruSasya sadbhAve ca tadvacanasyApi codanAvattadavabodhakatvena prAmANyAdvedasya puruSAbhAvasiddhestatpratibandhakaM syAt / ke anAditA hai yA anavagata zabdoM ke ? yadi uttarapakSa svIkAra karate haiM to ajJAna lakSaNa prAmANya kA prasaGga prApta hotA hai| yadi pahale pakSa kA Azraya lete haiM to usake vyAkhyAtA yA to alpajJa hoMge yA sarvajJa ? prathama pakSa meM jina vaidika vAkyoM ke artha kA sambandha kaThinAI se jAnA jA sakatA hai, unake artha kI alpajJa anyathA bhI kalpanA kara sakate haiM, isase mithyAtvalakSaNa aprAmANya prApta hotA hai / vahI kahA gayA hai zlokArtha-( merA ) yaha artha hai aura yaha artha nahIM hai, yaha zabda nahIM kahate haiM / yaha artha puruSoM ke dvArA kalpita hai aura ve puruSa rAga, dveSa aura moha se bAdhita haiM // 25 // dUsarI bAta yaha hai alpajJa puruSa ke dvArA vyAkhyAna kie gae artha vizeSa se 'svarga kI kAmanA vAlA agni hotra kA havana kare', isa vAkya kA artha 'kutte kA mAMsa khAe', yaha kyoM na ho, isa prakAra saMzaya lakSaNa vAlI pramANatA kyoM na ho? ___ yadi kaho ki sarvajJa ke dvArA jJAta hI veda anAdi paramparA se AyA hai to kheda kI bAta hai ki yajJAdi dharma meM veda vAkya hI pramANa haiM, yaha kathana naSTa ho jAtA hai| kyoMki dharmAdi atIndriya padArthoM ke pratyakSa karane meM samartha puruSa kA sadbhAva hone para atIndriya padArtha ko pratyakSa karane meM samartha puruSa ke vacana bhI veda vAkya ke samAna atIndriya padArtha ke dharma ke avabodhaka hone se pramANatA ko prApta hoNge| isa prakAra yaha vAkya veda kI apauruSeyatA kA pratibandhaka hogaa|
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH 139. atha tadvayAkhyAtaNAM kiJcijjatve'pi yathArthavyAkhyAnaparamparAyA anavacchinnasantAnatvena satyArtha eva vedo'vasIyata iti cenna; kiJcijjJAnAmatIndriyArtheSu niHsaMzayavyAkhyAnAyogAdardhenA''kRSyamANasyAndhasyAniSTadezaparihAreNAbhimatapathaprApaNAnupapatteH / kiJca-anAdivyAkhyAnaparamparA''gatatve'pi vedArthasya gRhItavismRtasambandhavacanAkauzaladuSTAbhiprAyatayA vyAkhyAnasyAnyathaiva karaNAdavisaMvAdAyogAdaprAmANyameva syAt / dazyante hyadhunAtanA api jyotiHzAstrAdiSu rahasyaM yathArthamavayanto'pi durabhisandheranyathA vyAcakSANAH / kecijjAnanto'pi vacanAkauzalAdanyathopadizantaH / kecidvismRtasambandhA ayAthAtathyamabhidadhAnA iti / kathamanyathA bhAvanA-vidhiniyogavAkyArthavipratipattide syAnmanu-yAjJavalkyAdInAM zrutyarthAnusArismRtinirUpaNAyAM vA / tasmAdanAdipravAhapatitatve'pi vedasyAyathArthatvameva syAditi sthitam / veda ke vyAkhyAtA alpajJa haiM, yathArtha vyAkhyAna kI paramparA se jisakI santAna avicchinna rUpa se calI A rahI hai, aisA veda satyArtha rUpa meM hI jAnA jA rahA hai, yadi ApakA kathana yaha ho to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai| alpajJa puruSa atIndriya padArthoM ke viSaya meM niHsandeha vyAkhyAna nahIM kara skte| jaise ki andhe ke dvArA khIMcA jAtA huA andhA aniSTa deza ko chor3akara abhISTa deza ko nahIM pahuMca sktaa| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki veda kA artha anAdikAla se calI A rahI vyAkhyAna paramparA dvArA AyA huA mAna bhI leM to bhI guru se gRhIta artha kA sambandha vismRta ho jAne se yA vacana kI akuzalatA se athavA duSTa abhiprAya se yadi artha kA vyAkhyAna anyathA kara diyA jAya to usameM yathArtha tattva kI prakAzatA kA abhAva hone se avisaMvAdakatA na rahane se vaha vyAkhyAta artha apramANa ho jaaygaa| ___etatkAla sambandhI bhI vyAkhyAtA dekhe jAte haiM jo jyotiSazAstrAdi ke yathArtha rahasya ko jAnate hue bhI duSTa abhiprAya se anyathA vyAkhyA karate haiN| koI-koI jAnate hue bho vacana kauzala na hone se anyathA upadeza dete haiN| koI-koI vAkyArtha kA sambandha bhUla jAne ke kAraNa tathya ko ayathArtha kahate hue dekhe jAte haiN| anyathA veda meM bhAvanA, vidhi aura niyoga rUpa vAkyArtha kA vivAda kaise ho sakatA thA athavA manu, yAjJavalkya Adi kI zruti ke artha kA anusaraNa karane vAlI smRti ko nirUpaNAoM meM vibhinnatA kaise hotI? isalie anAdi kAlIna AcArya
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________________ 140 prameyaratnamAlAyAM paramparA rUpa pravAha se samAgata hone para bhI veda ke ayathArthatA hI hai, yaha bAta sthita huii| vizeSa-bhAvanAvAdI bhATTa kahate haiM ki sarvatra bhAvanA hI vedavAkya kA artha pratIti meM A rahA hai| bhAvanA ke 2 bheda haiM-zabda bhAvanA aura artha bhAvanA / zabda ke vyApAra ko zabda bhAvanA kahate haiM / 'agniSTomena' ityAdi ke dvArA puruSa kA vyApAra hotA hai / usa puruSa ke vyApAra se dhAtu kA artha siddha hotA hai aura usase phala hotA hai arthAt puruSa ke vyApAra meM zabda kA vyApAra hai tathA dhAtvartha meM puruSa kA vyApAra hai, vahI bhAvanA hai, dhAtu kA zuddha artha bhAvanA nahIM hai, anyathA vidhi hI artha ho jaavegaa| sakalavyApinI 'karoti' kriyA lakSaNa vAlI kriyA sabhI dhAtuoM meM saMbhava hai, vahI sarvavyApinI kriyA bhAvanA hai| 'pacati, papAca, pakSyati' ina kriyAoM meM bhI pAkaM karoti ityAdi artha hI vyApta hai| ataH "karoti" kriyA kA artha hI vedavAkya kA artha hai| yaha "karoti" kriyA kA artha sAmAnya rUpa hai aura yajyAdi usake vizeSa rUpa haiN| yaha sAmAnya kriyAkartA ke vyApAra rUpa hai, ise hI arthabhAvanA kahate haiN| zabda kA vyApAra bhAvanA hai, vaha puruSa ke vyApAra ko karAtI hai, ataH vaha bhAvanA hI vedavAkya kA viSaya hai| vidhivAdiyoM kA kahanA hai ki vidhi hI sarvatra vedavAkya meM pradhAna hai| kyoMki vahI pravRtti kA aGga hai, kintu pratiSedha pravRtti kA aGga nahIM hai, ataH vaha pradhAna bhI nahIM hai| kahIM jalAdi meM pravRtti karane kI icchA karate hue sabhI puruSa vidhi-jalAdi ke astitva ko hI khojate haiM, vahA~ jalAdi meM pararUpa ke pratiSedha kI anveSaNA ke hone para parisamApti nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki pararUpa to ananta haiM, unakA kahIM jalAdi meM pratiSedha karanA azakya hI hai arthAt vivakSita vastu meM pararUpa ke abhAva kA vicAra karane para kahIM bhI parisamApti honA sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki pararUpa to ananta haiM, unakA kisI bhI vastu meM pratiSedha karanA zakya nahIM ho sakatA hai| "agniSTomAdi vAkya se maiM niyukta huA hU~", isa prakAra se niravazeSa yoga ko niyoga kahate haiN| vahA~ bhI kiMcit cid bhAvanA rUpa kArya 1. aSTasahasrI TIkA, pra0 bhAga (AryikA jJAnamatI jI dvArA likhita sArAMza pR0 170-171) 2. aSTasahasrI, pra0 bhAga pR0 87 /
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH 141 yaccoktam 'atItAnAgatAvityAdi tadapi svamatanirmUlanahetutvena viparIta - sAghanAttadAbhAsameveti / tathAhi atItAnAgatau kAlau vedArthajJavivijitau / kAlazabdAbhidheyatvAdadhunAtanakAlavat ||26|| iti sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki Apake yahA~ niyoga kA aneka vaktAoM ne gyAraha: prakAra se kiyA hai / 1. koI kahate haiM ki jo liG, loT aura tavya pratyaya kA artha hai, zuddha hai, anya nirapekSa hai evaM kAryarUpa ( yajJarUpa ) hai, vahI niyoga hai / 2. vAkyAntargata karmAdi avayavoM se nirapekSa zuddha preraNA hI niyoga hai / 3. preraNA sahita kArya hI niyoga hai / 4. kArya sahita preraNA ko niyoga kahate haiM; kyoMki kArya ke binA koI puruSa prerita nahIM hotA hai / 5. kArya ko hI upacAra se pravartaka kahakara use niyoga kahate haiM / 6. preraNA aura kArya kA sambandha hI niyoga hai / 7. preraNA aura kArya kA samudAya ho niyoga hai / 8. ina donoM se vinirmukta svabhAva hI niyoga hai / -- 9. yantrArUr3ha -- yAga lakSaNa kArya meM lagA huA jo puruSa hai, vahI niyoga hai / 10. bhogya bhaviSyat rUpa hI niyoga hai / 11. puruSa hI niyoga hai ' / bhAvanAvAdI bhATTa haiM, vidhivAdI brahmAdvaitavAdI haiM aura niyogavAdI prabhAkara haiM / kyA kAraNa hai ki bhATToM ke mata meM bhAvanA hI vAkyArtha hai, brahmAdvaitavAdiyoM ke mata meM vidhi hI vAkyArtha hai aura prAbhAkaroM ke mata meM niyoga hI vAkyArtha hai ? ina tInoM meM matavaibhinna kyoM hai ? alpajJa hone ke kAraNa veda ke yA veda ke artha kA ThIka parijJAna na hone se manu, yAjJavalkya Adi ne anyathA pratipAdana kiyA hai; kyoMki unameM matabheda hai / aura jo apane "atItAnAgatau" ityAdi zloka kahA hai vaha bhI mImAMsaka mata ke nirmUlana kA kAraNa hone se viparIta artha kA sAdhana karane se anumAnAbhAsa hI hai / isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM / zlokArtha - atIta aura anAgata kAla vedArtha ke jAnane vAle se 1. aSTasahastrI, pra0 bhAga ( AryikA jJAnamatI jI kRta TIkA pR0 47 ( niyoga-vAda ke khaNDana kA sArAMza )
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM kiJca-kAlazabdAbhidheyatvamatItAnAgatayoH kAlayoHhaNe sati bhavati / tadgrahaNaM ca nAdhyakSatastayoratIndri yatvAt / anumAnatastadgrahaNe'pi na sAdhyena sambandhastayonizcayetu pAryate; pratyakSagRhItasyaiva tatsambandhAbhyupagamAt / na ca kAlAkhyaM dravyaM mImAMsakasyAsti / prasaMgasAdhanAdadoSa iti cenna; paramprati sAdhyasAdhanayoyApyavyApakabhAvAbhAvAt / idAnImapi dezAntare vedakArasyASTakAdeH saugatAdibhirabhyupagamAt / rahita haiN| kyoMki atIta aura anAgata kAla kAla zabda ke vAcya haiM / jo kAla zabda kA vAcya hotA hai, vaha vedArthajJa se rahita hotA hai, jaise ki vartamAna kAla vedArthajJa se rahita hai / / 26 / / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki atIta aura anAgata kAloM ke grahaNa karane para hI ve kAla zabda ke vAcya ho sakate haiN| atIta aura anAgata kAloM kA grahaNa pratyakSa se to hotA nahIM hai; kyoMki ve donoM hI atIndriya haiM ? yadi kahA jAya ki anumAna se una donoM kAloM kA grahaNa hotA hai (jaise ki atIta aura anAgata kAla haiM;) kyoMki ve kAla haiM, jaise-vartamAnakAla / cU~ki madhyavartI vartamAna kAla dekhA jAtA hai, ataH usake pahale aura pIche hone vAle atIta aura anAgata kAla kA bhI sadbhAva siddha hai| isa prakAra ke anumAna se kAla kA grahaNa ho jAne para bhI una donoM kAloM kA vedakAra vivajita rUpa sAdhya ke sAtha sambandha nizcita karanA saMbhava nahIM hai| (kAla zabda abhidheya hai, atIta aura anAgata kAla hone se, vartamAna kAla ke samAna, isa anumAna rUpa sAdhya se kAla zabdAbhidheya ke sAtha atIta anAgata kAlapane kA sambandha nizcita karanA sambhava nahIM hai)| jo pratyakSa se gRhIta hai, aise sAdhana ke hI sAdhya aura sAdhana kA sambandha svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| mImAMsaka mata meM kAla nAmaka dravya nahIM hai| (mImAMsaka mata meM kAla dravya svIkAra na hone se atIta aura anAgata veda ko banAne vAle se rahita haiM; kyoMki ve kAla zabda ke vAcya haiM, isa anumAna meM, kyoMki ve kAla zabda ke vAcya haiM', yaha sAdhana svarUpa se ho na hone se yaha hetu svarUpAsiddha hai, yaha bhAva hai)| prasaMga sAdhana se koI doSa nahIM hai, yadi aisA kaho to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki para ke prati (veda kA kartA hai aisA kahane vAle ke prati ) sAdhya aura sAdhana meM (vedakAra vivajitva aura kAla zabdAbhidheyatva meM ) vyApya aura vyApaka bhAva kA abhAva hai / arthAt isa samaya yadi veda ke kartA kA grahaNa nahIM hotA
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________________ tRtIyaH samudezaH yadapyaparaM-'vedAdhyayanamityAdi' tadapi vipakSe'pi samAnam bhAratAdhyayanaM sarvaM gurvadhyayanapUrvakam / tadadhyayanavAcyatvAdadhunAdhyayanaM yathA // 27 / / iti yaccAnyaduktam-'anavacchinnasampradAyatve satyasmaryamANakatRkatvAditi, tatra jIrNakUpArAmAdibhirvyabhicAranivRttyarthamanavacchinnasampradAyatvavizeSaNe'pi vizeSyasyAsmaryamANakartRkatvasya vicAryamANasyAyogAdasAdhanatvam / karturasmaraNaM hi vAdinaH prativAdinaH sarvasya vA? vAdinazcadanupalabdharabhAvAdvA ? Aye pakSe piTakatraye'pi syAdanupalabdhe ravizeSAt / tatra paraiH tatkatu raGgIkArAnno cedata evAtrApi na hai to atIta aura anAgata kAla meM bhI kartA kA grahaNa nahIM honA caahie| ( sAdhya-sAdhana meM vyApya-vyApaka bhAva kI siddhi hone para vyApya kA svIkAra vyApaka ke svIkAra ke binA nahIM bana sakatA, isa prakAra jahA~ kahA jAtA hai vaha prasaMga sAdhana hai)| vartamAna kAla ke dRSTAnta ke bala se vyApya-vyApakabhAva bana jAyagA, aisA bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA; kyoMki isa samaya bhI dezAntara meM saugata Adi ne aSTaka Adi ko veda kA kartA svIkAra kiyA hai| aura jo Apane "vedAdhyayanamityAdi" zloka kahA hai, vaha vipakSa arthAt pauruSeya pakSa meM bhI samAna hai zlokArtha-mahAbhArata kA sarva adhyayana guru ke adhyayana pUrvaka hai| kyoMki vaha adhyayana pada kA vAcya hai; jaise ki vartamAna kAla kA adhyayana // 27 // aura jo kahA gayA hai ki vedAdhyayana kI avicchinna paramparA hone para usake kartA kA smaraNa nahIM hai, isa hetu meM jINaM, zIrNa, kapa, udyAna Adi se hone vAle vyabhicAra kI nivRtti ke lie anavachinna sampradAyatva vizeSaNa ke lagAne para bhI vizeSa pada jo asmaryamANa kartRkatva hai, vaha vicAra kie jAne para siddha nahIM hotA hai| kartA kA smaraNa vAdI ko nahIM yA prativAdI ko nahIM yA sabhI ko nahIM? yadi vAdI ko nahIM to kyA usakI upalabdhi nahIM hone se vAdI ko kartA kA asmaraNa hai athavA abhAva hone se vAdo ko kartA kA smaraNa nahIM hai ? Adi pakSa meM tripiTaka meM bhI apauruSeyatA prApta ho jAyagI; kyoMki veda ke samAna usake kartA kI bhI upalabdhi nahIM hai| yadi koI kahe ki piTakatraya kA to bauddhoM ne kartA svIkAra kiyA hai, ataH unheM apauruSeya nahIM mAnA jA sakatA to hamArA kahanA hai ki veda kA kisI ne kartA svIkAra kiyA ataH veda bhI
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________________ 144 prameyaratnamAlAyAM tadastu / abhAvAditi cedasmAttadabhAvasiddhAvitaretarAzrayatvam-siddhe hi tadabhAve tannibandhanaM tadasmaraNamasmAcca tadabhAva iti / prAmANyAnyathAnupapattestadabhAvAntetaretarAzrayatvamiti cenna; prAmANyenAprAmANyakAraNasyaiva puruSavizeSasya nirAkaraNAt puruSamAtrasyAnirAkRteH / atrAtIndriyArthadazino'bhAvAdanyasya ca prAmANyakAraNatvAnupapatteH siddha eva sarvathA puruSAbhAva iti cetkutaH sarvajJAbhAvo vibhAvita ? prAmANyAnyathAnupapatteriti ceditaretarAzrayatvam / katu rasmaraNAditi ceccakrakaprasaGgaH / apauruSeya nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| kartA kA abhAva hone se smaraNa nahIM hai, yadi yaha pakSa liyA jAya to kartA ke asmaraNa se veda ke kartA kA abhAva siddha karane meM itaretarAzraya doSa prApta hotA hai / veda ke kartA kA abhAva siddha hone para usake nimitta se veda ke kartA kA asmaraNa siddha ho aura jaba veda kA kA asmaraNa siddha ho, taba veda ke kartA kA abhAva siddha ho / yadi kaho ki prAmANya kI anyathAnupapatti se veda ke kartA kA abhAva hone para usa veda ke pramANatA nahIM bana sakatI, ataeva itaretarAzraya doSa nahIM AtA hai so yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki prAmANya kI anyathAnupapatti se to apramANatA ke kAraNabhUta puruSavizeSa kA hI nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai, usase puruSamAtra kA nirAkaraNa nahIM hotaa| mImAMsaka-atIndriya padArthoM ko dekhane vAle sarvajJa kA abhAva hai aura anya alpajJa puruSa ke pramANatA kA kAraNapanA nahIM banatA hai, ataH puruSa kA abhAva sarvathA siddha hai| jaina-Apane sarvajJa kA abhAva kaise jAna liyA ? prAmANyAnyathAnupapatti se kaheM to itaretarAzraya doSa AtA hai arthAt jaba sarvajJa kA abhAva siddha ho jAya, taba veda kI prAmANyAnyathAnupapatti siddha ho aura jaba prAmANyAnyathAnupapatti siddha ho, taba sarvajJa kA abhAva siddha ho / yadi veda ke kartA kA smaraNa na hone se sarvajJa kA abhAva kaheM to cakraka nAma ke doSa kA prasaMga AtA hai / ( bAra-bAra unhIM bAtoM ke duharAne ko cakraka doSa kahate haiM, ( jaise cakra ghUmane para usake Are bAra-bAra ghUmakara sAmane Ate haiN| veda ke kartA kA smaraNa na hone se sarvajJa kA abhAva siddha ho, sarvajJa kA abhAva siddha hone para veda ke prAmANya kI anyathAnupapatti siddha ho, veda ke prAmANya ko anyathAnupapatti siddha hone para kartA kA abhAva siddha ho, isa prakAra punaH punaH prasaMga Ane se eka kI bhI siddhi na hone para cakraka nAmaka doSa hotA hai| tIna bAra athavA bAra bAra ghUmanA cakraka doSa hai|) www.jainelibrary:org
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH abhAvapramANAditi cenna; tatsAdhakasyAnumAnasya prAk pratipAditvAdabhAvapramANotthAnAyogAt pramANapaJcakAbhAve'bhAvapramANapravRttaH / / pramANapaJcakaM yatra vasturUpe na jAyate / vastvasattAvabodhArtha tatrAbhAvapramANatA // 28 // iti parairabhidhAnAt / tato na vAdinaH karturasmaraNamupapannam / nApi prativAdino'siddheH / tatra hi prativAdI smaratyeva kartAramiti / nApi sarvasya, vAdino vedakaturasmaraNe'pi prativAdinaH smaraNAt / nanu prativAdinA vede'STakAdayo bahavaH kartAraH smaryante, atastatsmaraNasya vivAdaviSayasyAprAmANyAdbhavedeva sarvasya katurasmaraNamiti cenna; kartR vizeSaviSaya evAsI vivAdo na kartRsAmAnye / ataH sarvasya katu rasmaraNamapyasiddham / 'sarvAtmajJAnarahito vA kathaM sarvasya katu rasmaraNamavaiti ? tasmAdapauruSeyatvasya vede vyavasthA mImAMsaka-abhAva pramANa se sarvajJa kA abhAva siddha hotA hai| jaina-yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai| sarvajJa ke sAdhaka anumAna kA pUrva meM pratipAdana kiyA jA cukA hai, ataH abhAva pramANa ke utthAna kA yoga nahIM hai / pA~coM pramANoM ke abhAva meM abhAva pramANa kI pravRtti hotI hai| zlokArtha-jisa vastu ke svarUpa meM pratyakSAdi pA~ca pramANoM kI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai, vahA~ vastu kI asattA jAnane ke liye abhAva pramANa kI pramANatA hai / / 28 // aisA mImAMsakoM ne kahA hai| ataH vAdI ke kartA kA asmaraNa to banatA nahIM hai| na hI prativAdI ke banatA hai; kyoMki asiddha hetu hai| prativAdI to veda ke kartA kA smaraNa karate hI haiN| sabhI ke ( vAdI aura prativAdI donoM ke ) hI kartA kA smaraNa nahIM hai, yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki vAdI ke veda ke kartA kA smaraNa na hone para bhI prativAdI ke to veda ke kartA kA smaraNa hai hii| zaGkA-cU~ki prativAdI ke dvArA veda meM aSTaka Adi bahuta se kattAoM kA smaraNa kiyA jAtA hai, ataH vivAda ke viSayabhUta unakA smaraNa aprAmANya hone se sabhI ke kartA kA asmagNa hI mAnanA caahiye| samAdhAna-yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai| yaha vivAda kartA-vizeSa ke viSaya meM hI hai, na ki kartA sAmAnya ke viSaya meM / ataH sabhI ke kartA kA asmaraNa bhI asiddha hai| samasta AtmAoM ke jJAna se rahita mImAMsaka kaise sabhI ke kartA kA asmaraNa jAnatA hai ? ataH veda meM apauruSeyatA kI
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________________ 146 prameyaratnamAlAyAM payitumazakyatvAnna tallakSaNasyAvyApakatvamasambhavitatvaM vA sambhavati / pauruSeyatve punaH pramANAni bahUni santyeva / sajanmamaraNarSigotracaraNAdinAmazruteranekapadasaMhitapratiniyamasandarzanAt / phalArthipuruSapravRttinivRttihetvAtmanAM, zrutezca manusUtravatpuruSakartRkaiva zrutiH / / 29 / / iti vacanAt apauruSeyatve'pi vA na prAmANyaM vedasyopapadyate; taddhetUnAM guNAnAmabhAvAt / nanu na guNakRtameva prAmANyam; kintu doSAbhAvaprakAreNApi / sa ca doSAzrayapuruSAbhAve'pi nizcIyate, na guNasadbhAva eveti / tathA coktam zabde doSodbhavastAvadvaktradhIna iti sthitam / tadabhAvaH kvacittAvad guNavadvaktRkatvataH // 37 // vyavasthA karanA azakya hone se pUrvokta Agama lakSaNa ke avyApakatA aura asambhavatA rUpa doSa sambhava nahIM haiN| veda kI pauruSeyatA ke viSaya meM bahuta se pramANa haiM hii| ___zlokArtha-janma aura maraNa sahita RSiyoM ke gotra, AcaraNa Adi ke nAma veda sUktoM meM sune jAte haiM / aneka padoM ke samUha rUpa pRthak-pRthak chanda racanA Adi ke pratiniyama bhI veda meM dekhe jAte haiM, phalArthI puruSoM ke lie svarga kA icchuka agniSToma se yajJa kare, ityAdi pravRtti rUpa aura pyAja na khAveM, madirA na piye, gau kA paira se sparza na kare ityAdi nivRtti vAkya bhI veda meM sune jAte haiM, ataH anusmRti ke samAna zruti aura veda vAkya bhI puruSakartRka hI haiM, aisA pAtrakesarI svAmI ne bRhat paJca namaskAra nAmaka stotra meM kahA hai / / 29 // veda ko apauruSeya mAna bhI liyA jAya to bhI veda kI pramANatA nahIM banatI hai, kyoMki pramANatA ke kAraNabhUta guNoM kA abhAva hai| zaGkA-pramANatA guNakRta hI nahIM hotI, kintu doSa ke abhAvarUpa prakAra se bhI pramANatA hotI hai| vaha doSa kA abhAva doSa ke Azraya puruSa ke abhAva meM bhI nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai, na ki guNa ke sadbhAva meM hii| jaisA ki kahA hai zlokArtha-zabda meM doSa kA utpanna honA to vaktA ke adhIna hai, yaha bAta siddha hai| doSa kA abhAva kahIM para guNavAn vaktApane ke adhIna
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________________ 147 tRtIyaH samuddezaH tadguNairapakRSTAnAM zabde saGakrAntyasambhavAt / yadvA vakturabhAvena na syurdoSA nirAzrayAH // 31 // iti tadapyayuktam; parAbhiprAyAparijJAnAt / nAsmAbhirvakturabhAve vedasya prAmANyAbhAvaH samudbhAvyate; kintu tadvayAkhyAttRNAmatIndriyArthadarzanAdiguNAbhAve / tato doSANAmanapoditatvAnna prAmANyanizcaya iti / tato'pauruSeyatve'pi vedasya prAmANya nizcayAyogAnnAnena lakSaNasyAvyApitvamasambhavitatvaM vetyalamatijalpitena / ___ nanu zabdArthayoH sambandhAbhAvAdanyApohamAtrAbhidhAyitvAdAptapraNItAdapi zabdAskathaM vastubhatArthAvagama ityatrAhasahajayogyatAsaGghatavazAddhi zabdAdayo vastupratipattihetavaH // 16 // sahajA svabhAvabhUtA yogyatA zabdArthayorvAcyavAcakazaktiH, tasyAM saGketasta hai, kyoMki vaktA ke guNoM se dUra kie gae punaH zabda meM AnA asambhava hai| athavA vaktA ke abhAva se doSoM kA abhAva siddha hotA hai, kyoMki doSa nirAzraya nahIM raha sakate // 30-31 // samAdhAna-yaha kahanA bhI ayukta hai, kyoMki Apane jainoM ke abhiprAya ko nahIM samajhA hai| hama jaina vaktA ke abhAva meM veda ke prAmANya kA abhAva nahIM mAnate haiM, kintu usa veda ke vyAkhyAtAoM ke atIndriya 'padArthoM ko dekhane Adi guNoM kA abhAva hai tathA guNoM ke abhAva se doSoM kA nirAkaraNa na hone se veda ke prAmANya kA nizcaya nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ataH apauruSeyatA hone para bhI veda kI pramANatA kA nizcaya na hone se apauruSeya veda ke dvArA hamAre Agama ke lakSaNa meM na avyApakatva doSa hai aura na asambhavapanA hai / ataH adhika bolane se bs| bauddha-zabda aura artha meM sambandha kA abhAva hone se anya zabda anya ke niSedha mAtra ko kahane vAlA hai, ataH Apta praNIta bhI zabda se kaise vastubhUta artha kI jAnakArI hotI hai ?, isake viSaya meM kahate haiM vizeSa-bauddhoM kA kahanA hai ki nAma jAtyAdi yojanAtmaka padArtha nahIM hai| vAcya vAcaka rUpa sambandha paratantratA ke kAraNa hai, siddha vastu meM paratantratA kyA hai ? ataH samasta padArthoM kA tattvataH sambandha nahIM hai| bauddhoM kI isa prakAra kI zaGkA hone para kahate haiM sUtrArtha-sahaja yogyatA ke hone para saMketa ke vaza se zabdAdi vastu kA jJAna karAne ke kAraNa haiM // 96 / / sahajA=svabhAvabhUtA yogyatA= zabda aura artha kI vAcya-vAcaka
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________________ 148 prameyaratnamAlAyAM dvazAd hi sphuTa zabdAdayaH prAguktA vastupratipattihetava iti / udAharaNamAha yathA mervAdayaH santi // 97 // nanu ya eva zabdAH satyarthe dRSTAsta evArthAbhAve'pi dRzyante tatkathamarthAbhidhAyakatvamiti ? tadapyayuktam; anartha kebhyaH zabdebhyo'rthavatAmanyatvAt / na cAnyasya vyabhicAre'nyasyAsau yukto'pratisaGgAt / anyathA gopAlaghaTikAntargatasya dhUmasya pAvakasya vyabhicAre parvatAdidhamasyApi tatprasaGgAt / 'yatnataH parIkSitaM kArya kAraNaM nAtivartate' ityanyatrApi samAnam / suparIkSito hi zabdo'rthaM na vyabhicaratIti / tathA cAnyApohasya zabdArthatvakalpanaM prayAsamAtrameva / na cAnyApohaH zabdArthoM bhAva rUpa zakti, usake hone para saMketa ke vaza se spaSTa rUpa se pahale kahe gae zabdAdika vastu kA jJAna karAne meM kAraNa hote haiN| (yahA~ Adi zabda se aGguli kA saMketa Adi gRhIta hote haiM ) / udAharaNa kahate haiMsatrArtha-jaise-meru Adi haiM / / 97 // zaGkA-jo hI zabda padArtha ke hone para unake vAcaka dekhe jAte haiM, ve hI zabda padArtha ke abhAva meM bhI AkAza kamala Adi ke vAcaka dekhe jAte. haiM to ve artha kA kathana karane vAle kaise mAne jA sakate haiM ? ___ samAdhAna-yaha kathana ThIka nahIM hai| ( rAmAdi nahIM haiM, phira bhI usake vAcaka zabda vidyamAna haiM, ataH zabda artha ke vAcaka kaise haiM ? yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki unase unakA astitva siddha nahIM kiyA jA rahA hai, apitu svarUpa kA pratipAdana kiyA jA rahA hai, ataH doSa nahIM hai|); kyoMki anarthaka zabdoM se sArthaka zabda bhinna haiN| anya ke vyabhicAra meM anya ke vyabhicAra kI parikalpanA karanA yukta nahIM hai, nahIM to atiprasaGga doSa laga jaayegaa| yadi aisA hone lage to aindrajAlika ke ghar3e ke antargata dhuyeM ke hone para bhI agni kA abhAva hone se vyabhicAra hone se parvatAdi ke dhuyeM ke vyabhicAra kA prasaGga A jaayegaa| 'yatna se parIkSita kArya kAraNa kA ullaMghana nahIM karatA hai, yaha bAta anyatra bhI ( zabda meM bhI ) samAna hai| suparIkSita zabda artha kA vyabhicArI nahIM hotA hai| tathA anyApoha ke (anya ke niSedha ke) zabdArthapane kI kalpanA prayAsa
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH vyavatiSThate, pratItivirodhAt / na hi gavAdizabdazravaNAdagavAdivyAvRttiH pratIyate / tataH sAsnAdimatyarthe pravRttidarzanAdagavAdibuddhijanakaM tatra zabdAntaraM mRgyam / akasmAdeva gozabdAdarthadvayasyApi sambhAvanAnnArtha : zabdAntareNeti cennaivam; ekasya parasparaviruddhArthaM dvayapratipAdanavirodhAt / kiJca gozabdasyAgovyAvRttiviSayatve prathamamagauriti pratIyeta / na caivam, ato nAnyApohaH zabdArthaH / kiJca-apohAkhyaM sAmAnyaM vAcyatvena pratIyamAnaM paryudAsarUpaM prasajyarUpaM vA ? prathamapakSe gotvameva nAmAntareNoktaM syAt; abhAvAbhAvasya bhAvAntarasvabhAvena vyavasthitatvAt / kazcAyamazvAdinivRttilakSaNo bhAvo'bhidhIyate ? na tAvat mAtra hI hai / anyApoha zabdArtha nahIM ThaharatA hai, kyoMki pratIti se virodha AtA hai / gavAdi zabda ke zravaNa se agavAdi kI vyAvRtti pratIta nahIM hotI hai / go Adi zabda ke sunane se sAsnAdimAn artha meM pravRtti dekhe jAne se jo agavAdi buddhi kA janaka hai aisA anya zabda ( go zabda se bhinna zabda ) vahA~ para ( gavAdi meM ) DhUMr3hanA cAhie / yadi kaho ki eka hI go zabda se ( vidhi niSedha rUpa ) do artha kI sambhAvanA hone se ataH anya zabda se koI prayojana nahIM hai to yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki eka hI zabda ke paraspara virodhI do arthoM kA pratipAdana mAnane meM virodha hai / ( arthAt ekAntavAdiyoM ke yahA~ eka hI zabda kA gavAdi kA astitva aura agavAdi kA niSedha rUpa do artha mAnane meM virodha hai ) / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki go zabda ( go zabda kA gopiNDa rUpa bhAvArtha yadi viSaya na ho ) ko jo go nahIM hai aise azvAdi vyAvRtti kA viSaya mAne jAne para Apake abhiprAya ke anusAra pahale ago kI pratIti honA cAhie | cU~ki aisA pratIta nahIM hotA hai, ataH anyApoha zabda kA artha nahIM hai / 149 -- dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki vAcya rUpa se pratIyamAna apoha nAmaka sAmAnya paryudAsa rUpa hai athavA prasajya rUpa hai ? ( naJ do prakAra ke kahe gae haiMparyudAsa aura prasajya / sadRza padArtha ko grahaNa karane vAlA paryudAsa hai aura niSedha karane vAlA prasajya hai / ) prathama pakSa meM gotva hI anya nAma se kahI jAtI hai / ( anyApoha kI zabdArthapane rUpa se vAcyatA ho to siddha sAdhyatA hotI hai, kyoMki jaba gonivRtti lakSaNa sAmAnya go zabda se Apake dvArA kahA jAtA hai tabhI hama loga gotva nAmaka bhAvalakSaNa sAmAnya ko go zabda se vAcya kahate haiM ), kyoMki abhAva kA abhAva bhAvAntara svabhAva se vyavasthita hotA hai arthAt ago nivRtti lakSaNa abhAva
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________________ 150 prameyaratnamAlAyAM svalakSaNarUpastasya sakalavikalpavAggocarAtikrAntatvAt / nApi zAbaleyAdivyakti rUpaH, tasyAsAmAnyatvaprasaGgAt / tasmAt sakalagovyaktiSvanuvRttapratyayajanakaM tatrava pratyeka parisamAptyA vartamAnaM sAmAnyameva gozabdavAcyam / tasyApoha iti nAmakaraNe nAmamAtra bhidyata, nArthata iti, ato nAdyaH pakSaH zreyAn / nApi dvitIyaH; gozabdAdeH kvacidvAhya'rthe pravRttyayogAt / tucchAbhAvAbhyupagame prmtprveshaanussnggaacc| kiJca-gavAdayo ye sAmAnyazabdA ye ca zAbaleyAdayasteSAM bhavadabhiprAyeNa paryAyatA syAt; arthabhedAbhAvAd vRkSapAdapAdizabdavat / na khalu tucchAbhAvasya bhedo yuktaH; vastunyeva saMsRSTatvaikatvanAnAtvAdivikalpAnAM pratIteH / bhede vA bhAvAntara se gopane se vyavasthita hotA hai| yaha azvAdinivRtti lakSaNabhAva kauna kahA jAtA hai ? ( tAtparya yaha ki gopiNDa rUpa padArtha ho padArtha hai / ago zabda se mahiSAdi kA abhAva nahIM kahA jAtA hai, apitu gau hI kahA jAtA hai)| svalakSaNa to padArtha mAnA nahIM jA sakatA, kyoMki vaha samasta vikalpa rUpa vacanoM kA viSaya hone se vacana agocara hai| zAbaleya Adi vyakti rUpa gopadArtha bhI apoha kA viSaya nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai anyathA apoha ke asAmAnyapane ( vizeSapane ) kA prasaMga prApta hotA hai| ataH samasta go vyaktiyoM meM anuvRtti pratyaya kA janaka aura unhIM meM eka eka vyakti ke prati pUrNa rUpa se vartamAna gotva sAmAnya ko hI go zabda kA vAcya mAnanA cAhie / usakA 'apoha', yaha nAma karane para nAma mAtra kA hI bheda rahegA, artha se koI bheda nahIM rhegaa| ataH (paryudAsa rUpa ) prathama pakSa zreyaskara nahIM hai| prasajya rUpa dvitIya pakSa bhI Thoka nahIM hai, kyoMki go zabda kI kisI bAhirI padArtha meM pravRtti nahIM ho sakatI hai| prasajya rUpa apoha ko tucchAbhAva rUpa mAnane para paramata ( naiyAyika mata ) meM praveza kA prasaMga A jaaygaa| dUsarA doSa yaha bhI hai ki go Adi jo sAmAnya zabda haiM, aura zAbaleya Adi jo vizeSa zabda haiM, ve Apake abhiprAya se eka artha ke vAcI ho jaayNge| (dravya, guNa, kriyA rUpa bheda hotA hai| zAbaleyatva guNa hai, usase bheda hotA hai, isa prakAra kA loka vyavahAra hai, parantu Apake abhiprAya se tuccha abhAva bheda naSTa hI hai); kyoMki vRkSa, pAdapa Adi zabda ke samAna artha meM bheda nahIM rhegaa| tuccha abhAva ( niHsvabhAva rUpa apoha) kA bheda yukta nahIM hai ( Apake mata meM prasajya niSedha ke aGgIkAra karane se vastu
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH 151 abhAvasya vastutApattiH; tallakSaNatvAd vastutvasya / na cApohyalakSaNasambandhibhedAd bhedaH; prameyAbhidheyAdizabdAnAmapravRttiprasaGgAt / vyavacchedyasyAtadrUpeNApyaprameyAdirUpatve' tato vyavacchedAyogAt kathaM tatra sambandhibhedAd bhedaH ? kiJca-zAbaleyAdiSveko'poho na prasajyeta; kintu prativyakti bhinna eva syAt / atha zAbaleyAdayastanna bhindanti, tazvAdayo'pi bhedakA mAbhUvan / yasyAntaraGgAH zAbaleyAdayo na bhedakAstasyAzvAdayo bhedakA ityatisAhasam / vastunopi sambandhibhedAd bhedo nopalabhyate, kimutAvastuni / tathAhi-eka eva devadattAdiH kaTakakuNDalAdibhirabhisambaddhayamAno na nAnAtvamAstighnuvAnaH samupalabhyata iti / bhavatu vA sambandhibhedAda bhedastathApi na vastubhUtasAmAnyamantareNA nahIM hai); kyoMki yathArtha vastu meM hI anya se saMyuktapanA, ekatvapanA, nAnApanA Adi vikalpoM kI pratIti hotI hai / yadi abhAva meM bheda mAnA jAyagA to abhAva ke vastupane kI prApti hogI; kyoMki bhedAtmakatA hI vastutva kA lakSaNa hai| apohyalakSaNa sambandhI ke bheda se abhAva meM bheda mAnA nahIM jA sakatA anyathA prameya, abhidheya Adi zabdoM kI apravRtti kA prasaGga prApta hogaa| prameya Adi zabdoM kA vyavaccheda yogya jo aprameyatva Adi hai, vaha yadi atadrUpa se arthAt aprameya Adi rUpa se aprameya hai to aprameyAdi se prameya Adi kA vyavaccheda nahIM bana sakegA, isalie prameya, abhidheya ityAdi zabda vAcya apoha meM sambandhI ke bheda se bheda kaise mAnA jA sakegA? dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki zAbaleya Adi meM eka hI apoha nahIM raha sakegA, kintu pratyeka vyakti ko bhinna-bhinna hI apoha mAnanA pdd'egaa| yadi kaho ki zAbaleya Adi gAyeM apoha meM bheda nahIM karatI haiM to phira azvAdika apoha meM bheda karane vAle nahIM honA caahie| jisa agovyAvRtti rUpa apoha ke antaraMga zAbaleya Adi bhedaka nahIM, usake azvAdi bhedaka haiM, yaha kahanA ati sAhasa hai| padArtha kA bhI sambandhI ke bheda se bheda nahIM pAyA jAtA hai to apoha rUpa avastu kI to bAta hI kyA kahanA ? ise hI spaSTa karate haiM-eka hI devadatta Adi kaTaka, kuNDala Adi se sambandha ko prApta hokara nAnApana ko prApta huA nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| athavA sambandhI ke bheda se apoha meM bheda ho bhI, tathApi paramArtha rUpa gotvAdi 1. idaM prameyaM na bhavatIti jJAtvA aprameyatvam, tadA prameyatvaM na bhavati jJAnaviSayaM bhavati tadapekSayAprameyarUpeNa prameyatA / apohasyAprameyAdeH /
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________________ 152 prameyaratnamAlAyAM nyApohAzrayaH sambandhI bhavatAM bhavitumarhati / tathAhi -yadi zAbaleyAdiSu vastubhUtasArUpyAbhAvo'zvAdiparihAreNa tatraiva viziSTAbhidhAnapratyayo kathaM syAtAm / tataH sambandhibhedAd bhedamicchatApi sAmAnyaM vAstavamaGgIkartavyamiti / kiJca-apohazabdArthapakSe saGketa evAnupapannaH; tadgrahaNopAyAsambhavAt / na pratyakSaM tadgrahaNasamartham, tasya vastuviSayatvAt / anyApohasya cAvastutvAt / anumAnamapi na tatsadbhAvamavabodhayati; tasya kAryasvabhAvaliGgasampAdyatvAt / apohasya nirupAkhyeyatvenAnartha kriyAkAritvena ca svabhAvakAryayorasambhavAt / kiJca gozabdasyAgopohAbhidhAyitve'gaurityatra gozabdasya kimabhidheyaM syAt ? ajJAtasya vidhiniSedhayoranadhikArAta / agovyAvRttiriti ceditaretarAzrayatvam-agovyavacchedo hi gonizcaye bhavati, sa cAgaurgonivRttyAtmA gauzcAgovyavacchedarUpa iti / agaurityatrottarapadArtho'pyanayava dizA cintanIyaH / nanvagaurityatrAnya eva vidhi sAmAnya ke binA apoha kA Azrayabhata sambandhI Apa bauddhoM ke yahA~ hone yogya nahIM hai| isI ko spaSTa karate haiM-yadi zAbaleya Adi meM vastubhUta sAmAnya kA abhAva hai to ghor3A Adi ke parihAra se gau meM hI viziSTa zabda kA uccAraNa aura jJAna kaise ho sakegA ? cUMki sAmAnya ko na mAnane para vivakSita apoha Azraya sambandhI siddha nahIM hotA hai, ataH sambandhI ke bheda se bheda kI icchA karane vAle saugata ko sAmAnya vAstavika rUpa se aGgIkAra karanA caahie| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki apoha hI zabdArtha hai, isa pakSa meM saGketa ho nahIM bana sakatA hai, kyoMki apoha ko grahaNa karane kA upAya asambhava hai| pratyakSa pramANa apoha ko grahaNa karane meM samartha nahIM hai, kyoMki pratyakSa vastu ko viSaya karatA hai / anyApoha avastu rUpa hai| anumAna bhI usa apoha ke sadbhAva kA jJAna nahIM karAtA hai, kyoMki anumAna kArya aura svabhAva rUpa liGga se utpanna hotA hai| apoha ke nirupAkhya hone aura jala dhAraNa Adi arthakriyAkAritva ke abhAva ke kAraNa kramazaH svabhAva aura kAryahetu asambhava hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki go zabda ke ago vyAvRtti kA vAcaka mAnane para 'agau' aise vAkya prayoga ke samaya go zabda kA kyA vAcya hogA ? ajJAta padArtha ke vidhi aura niSedha kA adhikAra nahIM hotA hai / yadi go zabda kA agovyAvRtti artha grahaNa kareMge to itaretarAzraya doSa hogaa| agovyavaccheda go kA nizcaya hone para hotA hai| vaha agau gonivRtti rUpa hai aura gau ago vyavaccheda rUpa hai| 'agau', yahA~ go yaha uttara pada hai, usakA artha isI dizA se vicAranA cAhie / 'agau' aisA
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH 153 rUpo gozabdAbhidheyastadA'pohaH zabdArtha iti vighaTeta / tasmAdapohasyo ktayuktyA vicAryamANasyAyogAnnAnyApohaH zabdArtha iti sthitam -'sahajayogyatAsaGketavazAcchandAdayo vastupratipattihetavaH' iti / smRtiranupahateyaM pratyabhijJAnavajJA, pramitiniratacintA laiGgikaM saGgatArtham / pravacanamanavadyaM nizcitaM devavAcA racitamucitavAgbhistathyametena gItam // 9 // iti parIkSAmukhasya laghuvRttau parokSaprapaJcastRtIyaH samuddezaH / kahane para go zabda kA vAcya vidhi rUpa anya hI haiM, jo ki ago ko nivRtti rUpa nahIM hai, taba to zabda kA vAcya apoha hai, yaha dhAraNA vighaTita ho jAtI hai / isa prakAra ukta yukti se vicArA gayA apoha siddha nahIM hotA, isalie anya kA apoha zabda kA artha nahIM hai, yaha sthita huA / go Adi zabda apanI sahaja yogyatA aura puruSa ke saGketa ke vaza vastu kA jJAna karAne meM kAraNa haiM / zlokArtha - ataH siddha huA ki smRti nirdoSa hai, pratyabhijJAna avajJA karane yogya nahIM hai, tarka pramiti kA jJAna karAne meM nirata hai, laiGgika anumAna saGgata artha vAlA hai aura pravacana nirdoSa hai, yaha bAta akalaGkadeva ko vANI se mANikyanandi ne nizcita kI / tathA ucita vANI se unhoMne ( sUtra rUpa ) racA tathA mujha anantavIryaM ne yaha tathya gAyA ||9|| isa prakAra parIkSAmukha kI laghuvRtti meM parokSa pramANa kA vivecana karane vAlA tRtIya samuddeza samApta huA /
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________________ caturthaH samuddezaH atha svarUpasaGkhyAvipratipatti nirAkRtya viSayavipratipattinirAsArthamAha sAmAnyavizeSAtmA tadartho viSayaH // 1 // tasya pramANasya grAhyo'rtho viSaya iti yAvat / sa eva viziSyate sAmAnyavizeSAtmA / sAmAnya vizeSo vakSyamANalakSaNoM, tAvAtmAnau yasyeti vigrhH| tadubhayagrahaNamAtmagrahaNaM ca kevalasya sAmAnyasya vizeSasya tadubhayasya vA svatantrasya pramANaviSayatvapratiSedhArtham / tatra sanmAtradehasya paramabrahmaNo nirastatvAttaditaradvicAryate / tatra sAGkhyaiHpradhAnaM sAmAnyamuktam triguNamaviveki viSayaH sAmAnyamacetanaM prasavarmi / vyaktaM tathA pradhAnaM tadviparItastathA ca pumAn // 32 // iti vacanAt / caturtha samuddeza pramANa ke svarUpa aura saMkhyA viSayaka vivAda kA nirAkaraNa karake aba viSaya vipratipatti kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie kahate haiM sUtrArtha-sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka padArtha pramANa kA viSaya hai / / 1 / / usa pramANa ke grAhya padArtha ko tadartha kahate haiM, vaha pramANa kA viSaya hai| vaha padArtha sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vizeSaNa se viziSTa hai| sAmAnya aura vizeSa jinake lakSaNa hama Age kaheMge, ve donoM jisakI AtmA haiM, yaha vigraha hai / sAmAnya aura vizeSa ina donoM padoM kA grahaNa tathA Atmapada kA grahaNa kevala sAmAnya, kevala vizeSa aura svatantra sAmAnya vizeSa kI pramANa viSayatA ke niSedha ke lie hai| ina tInoM matoM meM se sattA mAtra deha vAle parama brahma kA ('sAvaraNa" ityAdi sUtra ke vyAkhyAna ke avasara para pUrvamImAMsaka ke sAtha sarvajJa ke viSaya meM vivAda ke samaya ) nirAkaraNa kiyA jA cukA hai ataH usase bhinna (sAMkhyAbhimata prakRti rUpa) ke viSaya meM vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| sAMkhyoM ne prakRti rUpa pradhAna ko sAmAnya kahA hai zlokArtha-vyakta tathA avyakta donoM hI triguNAtmaka ( sukha duHkha mohAtmaka ) apRthak yA abhinna, viSaya, sarvasAdhAraNa, jar3a tathA pariNAmI haiM / puruSa una donoM se viparIta bhI hai, evaM sadRza bhI // 32 //
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________________ caturthaH samuddezaH 155" tacca kevalaM pradhAnaM mahadAdikAryaniSpAdanAya pravartamAnaM kimapyapekSya pravartate, nirapekSya vA / prathamapakSe tannimittaM vAcyam, yadapekSya pravartate / nanu puruSArtha eva pradhAna se tAtparya vizeSa - avivekI arthAt jaise pradhAna apane se abhinna yA apRthak hai, usI prakAra mahad ityAdi vyakta bhI abhinna hone ke kAraNa usase apRthak haiM / athavA aviveka kA yahA~ para kArya 'milakara utpanna karanA' hai| koI bhI tattva akelA apanA kArya utpanna karane meM samartha nahIM hotA, kintu dUsare ke sAtha milakara hI samartha hotA hai / isalie kisI bhI eka tattva se kisI kArya kI kisI bhI eka prakAra se utpatti sambhava nahIM / jina vijJAnavAdI bauddhoM kA yaha kahanA hai ki vijJAna hI sukha duHkhatathA moha utpanna karane vAle zabda ityAdi viSayoM kA AkAra yA rUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai, sukhAdi svabhAva vAle zabda Adi isase bhinna yA pRthak koI padArtha nahIM hai, unake uttara meM kArikA meM "viSayaH " yaha zabda AyA hai / jisakA artha hai grAhya arthAt vijJAna se pRthak svatantra rUpa se grahaNa karane yogya / isalie unheM 'sAmAnya' arthAt sAdhAraNa kahA, 1 jisakA bhAva yaha huA ki ve aneka puruSoM se grahaNa kie jAte haiM / pradhAna, buddhi ityAdi sabhI padArtha jar3a haiM / 'prasavardhAma' arthAt jisameM 'pariNAma' dharma ( nitya ) vidyamAna rahe / kArikAkAra kA abhipreta hai ki vyakta tathA pradhAna sadRza evaM bhinna pariNAmoM se kabhI bhI viyukta nahIM rahate / jaise vyakta ina dharmoM se yukta hai, vaise hI pradhAna bhI / puruSa ina donoM se viparIta ( arthAt nirguNa, vivekI yA asaMhata, aviSaya, asAdhAraNa arthAt pratipiNDa vibhinna, cetana tathA apariNAmI ) hai / parantu pradhAna ko hA bhA~ti puruSa meM bhI kAraNahInatA aura nityatA ityAdi aura isI prakAra vyakta kI ho bhA~ti aneka ityAdi vidyamAna haiM, taba puruSa ina donoM se viparIta hai, yaha kaise kahA gayA ? isIlie 'puruSa unake sadRza bhI hai' - aisA kahA / tAtparya yaha hai ki yadyapi isameM kAraNahInatA ityAdi samAna dharma haiM tathApi nirguNatva ityAdi viruddha dharma bhI haiM / jaina - vaha advitIya pradhAna mahadAdi kArya ke niSpAdana ke lie pravRtta hotA huA kyA kucha apekSA karake pravRtta hotA hai yA apekSA kie binA hI pravRtta hotA hai / prathama pakSa meM jo kucha bhI apekSA karake pravRtta hotA hai, vaha nimitta pratipAdita karanA cAhie /
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________________ 156 prameyaratnamAlAyAM tatra kAraNam; puruSArthena hetunA pradhAna pravartate / puruSArthazca dvedhA; zabdAdhupalabdhiguNapuruSAntaravivekadarzanaM vA; ityabhidhAnAditi cetsatyam / tathA pravartamAnamapi bahudhAnakaM puruSakRtaM kazcidupakAraM samAsAdayatpravarteta, anAsAdayadvA ? prathamapakSe sa upakArastasmAdbhinno'bhinno vA? yadi bhinnastadA tasyeti vyapadezAbhAvaH sambandhAbhAvAt tadabhAvazca; samavAyAderatabhyupagamAt / tAdAtmyaM ca bhedavirodhIti / athAbhinna upakAra iti pakSa AzrIyate tadA pradhAnameva tena kRtaM syAt / athopakAranirapekSameva pradhAna pravartate, tahi muktAtmAnampratyapi pravartatetAvizeSAt / etena 'nirapekSapravRttipakSo'pi pratyuktastata eva / kiJca siddhe pradhAne sarvametadupapannaM syAt / na ca tatsiddhiH kutazcinnizcIyata iti / sAMkhya-puruSArtha hI pravatti meM kAraNa hai / puruSArtha hetu se pradhAna pravRtta hotA hai| puruSArtha do prakAra kA hotA hai-(1) zabda, rUpa, rasa, gandha, sparza ko grahaNa karanA aura (2) gaNa aura puruSAntara ke viveka ko dekhnaa| jaina-ApakA kahanA satya hai, kintu hamArA prazna hai ki isa prakAra se pravRtti karatA huA bhI vaha pradhAna puruSakRta kisI upakAra ko lekara pravRtti karatA hai yA puruSakRta kisI upakAra ko nahIM lekara pravRtti karatA hai ? prathama pakSa meM vaha upakAra pradhAna se bhinna hai yA abhinna ? yadi bhinna hai to yaha upakAra pradhAna kA hai, aisA kathana nahIM ho skegaa| sambandha kA abhAva hone para upakAra kA bhI abhAva hai; kyoMki Apane samavAya aura saMyoga Adi sambandha to mAne nahIM haiN| yadi tAdAtmya sambandha mAnate haiM to vaha sambandha bheda kA virodhI hai| yaha upakAra hai, yaha pradhAna hai, isa prakAra kA bheda nahIM hogaa| yadi upakAra pradhAna se abhinna hai, aisA pakSa lete haiM to pradhAna hI usa upakAra ke dvArA kiyA huA mAnanA par3egA ( aisI sthiti meM nityatva kI hAni hogI ) / sAMkhya-puruSakRta upakAra se nirapekSa hI pradhAna pravRtta hotA hai / jaina-taba to pradhAna ko mukta AtmA ke prati bhI pravRtti karanA cAhie; kyoMki vahA~ bhI upakAra nirapekSatA samAna hI hai| isase puruSakRta upakAra kI apekSA ke binA hI pradhAna pravRtti karatA hai, yaha pakSa bhI khaNDita samajhanA caahie| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki pradhAna nAmaka tattva siddha hone para yaha saba kathana yukti-yukta siddha ho sake, kintu usakI siddhi kisI bhI pramANa se nizcita nahIM hai /
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________________ caturthaH samudezaH 157 nanu kAryANAmekAnvayadarzanAdekakAraNaprabhavattvaM bhedAnAM parimANadarzanAcceti / tadapyacArucavitam; sukhaduHkhamoharUpatayA ghaTAderanvayAbhAvAdantastattvasyaiva tathopalambhAt / athAntastattvasya na sukhAdipariNAmaH, kintu tathApariNamamAnapradhAnasaMsargAdAtmano'pi tathA pratibhAsa iti / tadapyanupapannam; apratibhAsamAnasyApi saMsargakalpanAyAM tattveyattAyA nizcatumazakteH / taduktam saMsargAdavibhAgazcedayogolakavahnivat / bhedAbhedavyavasthaivamucchinnA sarvavastuSu // 33 // iti yadapi parimANAkhyaM sAdhanam, tadapyekaprakRtikeSu ghaTaghaTIzarAvodaJcanAdiSvanekaprakRtikeSu paTakuTamakuTazakaTAdiSu copalambhAdanakAntikamiti na tataH prakRtisiddhiH / tadevaM pradhAnagrahaNopAyAsambhavAtsambhave vA tataH kAryodayAyogAcca / sAMkhya-mahadAdi kAryoM ke eka rUpa anvaya ke dekhe jAne se tathA mahat Adi bhedoM kA parimANa pAyA jAne se unakA eka kAraNa se utpanna honA siddha hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki jaise choTe bar3e parimANa vAle ghaTa, ghaTI, sakorA Adi kA miTTI se anvaya pAyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra mahat ahaMkAra Adi ke bhI eka prakRti kA anvaya dekhA jAtA hai tathA bhedoM meM parimANa pAyA jAne se pradhAna siddha hai| jaina-yaha kathana bhI asundara hai; kyoMki sukha, duHkha aura moha rUpapane se ghaTAdi ke anvaya kA abhAva hone se antastattvarUpa AtmA yA cetana puruSa ke hI sukha duHkha kI upalabdhi hotI hai| sAMkhya-antastattva rUpa cetana kA sukhAdi pariNAma nahIM hai, kintu sukha duHkhAdi rUpa se pariNamana karane vAle pradhAna ke saMsarga se AtmA ke bhI sukha duHkhAdi rUpa se pratibhAsa hotA hai| jaina-yaha kathana bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki apratibhAsamAna bhI pradhAna kI AtmA ke sAtha saMsarga kI kalpanA karane para tattvoM kI saMkhyA kA nizcaya karanA azakya ho jAyagA / jaisA ki kahA hai zlokArtha-yadi lohe ke gole aura agni ke samAna saMsarga se pradhAna aura AtmA meM abheda mAnA jAya to saba vastuoM meM bheda aura abheda kI vyavasthA hI naSTa ho jAyagI // 33 // jo Apane parimANa nAmaka hetu diyA hai, vaha eka prakRtika ghaTa, ghaTI, zarAva, udaJcana Adi meM tathA aneka prakRtika paTa, kuTa, mukuTa Adi meM pAe jAne se anaikAntika hai, ataH usase pradhAna kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai| isa prakAra pradhAna ke grahaNa kA upAya asambhava hai athavA sambhava bhI mAna
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________________ -158 prameyaratnamAlAyAM yaduktaM pareNa -- prakRtermahAn tato'haGkArastasmAd gaNazca SoDazakaH / tasmAdapi SoDazakAtpaJcabhyaH paJcabhUtAni // 34 // iti sRSTikramaH, mUlaprakRti ra vikRtirmahadAdyA prakRtivikRtayaH sapta / SoDazakastu vikAro na prakRtirna vikRtiH puruSaH / / 35 / / liyA jAya to bhI prakRti se (ghaTAdi ) kAryoM kI utpatti nahIM ho sakatI hai / jaisA ki sAMkhya ne kahA hai zlokArtha - prakRti se mahat yA buddhitatva, mahat se ahaMkAra aura ahaMkAra se paMca tanmAtrAyeM tathA gyAraha indriyA~ ina solaha tattvoM kA samUha utpanna hotA hai / ina solaha ke samUha meM antarbhUta pA~ca tanmAtrAoM se pA~ca mahAbhUta (AkAzAdi) utpanna hote haiM ||34|| / vizeSa - prakRti avyakta hai / mahat kA artha buddhi hai / ahaMkAra abhimAna ko kahate haiM / cakSu, zrotra, ghANa, rasana tathA tvak nAmaka pA~ca jJAnendriyA~ aura vAk, pANi, pAda, pAyu aura upastha pA~ca karmendriyA~ kahI gaI haiN| inameM mana donoM prakAra kI indriya hai / yaha saMkalpa karane vAlA hai / tanmAtra arthAt sUkSma zabdAdi tanmAtra meM Ae hue mAtra pada kA artha yaha hai ki inameM anubhava yogya sukha, duHkha, moha ityAdi vizeSatAyeM nahIM hotI haiM / zabda tanmAtra se zabda guNa vAlA AkAza, zabda tanmAtra se yukta sparza tanmAtra se zabda aura sparza guNoM vAlA vAyu, zabda aura sparza tanmAtrAoM se yukta rUpa tanmAtra se zabda, sparza aura rUpa guNoM vAlA tejas, zabda sparza aura rUpa tanmAtrAoM se yukta rasa tanmAtra se zabda, sparza, rUpa evaM rasa guNoM vAlA jala tathA zabda, sparza, rUpa aura rasa : tanmAtroM se yukta se gandha tanmAtra zabda, sparza, rUpa, rasa aura gandha guNoM vAlI pRthivI utpanna hotI hai / yaha sRSTi kA krama hai | zlokArtha - mUla prakRti kisI kA vikAra athavA kArya nahIM hai, mahat ityAdi sAta tattva ahaMkAra kA kAraNa aura mUla prakRti kA kArya donoM hI haiM / 16 tattvoM kA samudAya to kevala kArya hI hai / puruSa na kAraNa hI hai aura na kArya hI ||35|| vizeSa - sAMkhya zAstra ke antargata cAra prakAra ke padArtha haiM / koI
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________________ caturthaH samuddezaH 159 iti svarUpAkhyAnaM ca bandhyAsutasaurUpyavarNana mivAsadviSayatvAdupekSA mahaMti; amUrttasyA''kAzasya mUrtasya pRthivyAdezcaikakAraNakatvAyogAcca / anyathA acetanAdapi paJcabhUta kadambakAccaitanya siddhezcArvAkamatasiddhiprasaGgAt sAGkhyagandha eva na bhavet / satkAryavAdapratiSedhazcAnyatra vistareNokta iti nehocyate; saGkSepasvarUpAdasyeti / tathA vizeSa eva tattvam; teSAmasamAnetara vizeSebhyo'zeSAtmanA vizleSAtmaka - tvAt sAmAnyasyaikasyAnekatra vyAptyA vartamAnasya sambhavAbhAvAcca / tasyaikavyakti - padArtha kevala kAraNa rUpa hai, koI kevala kArya rUpa hai, koI kAraNa aura kArya donoM hai, koI donoM meM se eka bhI nahIM / mUla prakRti kArya se bhinna arthAt kevala kAraNa hai / jo kAryoM ko utpanna karatI hai, vahI prakRti hai / ise pradhAna bhI kahate haiM, jo ki sattva, rajas aura tamas guNoM kI sAmyAvasthA kA nAma hai / yaha kAraNa hI hai, kArya nahIM / yaha kyoM ? isake uttara meM kahA hai ki yaha sakala kAryoM kI mUla hai| isakA bhI mUla mAnane para anavasthA doSa hogA / mahat, ahaMkAra aura paJca tanmAtra ye sAta kAraNa aura kArya donoM haiM / prakRti aura vikRti kA artha hai - kAraNa aura kArya / ye sAta haiM jo isa prakAra haiM- mahat tattva ahaMkAra kA kAraNa aura mUla prakRti kA kArya hai, isa prakAra ahaMkAra tatva pA~ca tanmAtrAoM aura gyAraha indriyoM kA kAraNa aura mahat tattva kA kArya hai / isI prakAra pA~ca tanmAtra AkAza ityAdi pA~ca skUla bhUtoM ke kAraNa tathA ahaGkAra ke kArya haiM / - solaha tattvoM ( AkAzAdi pA~ca sthUla bhUta tathA 11 indriyA~ ) kA samudAya kevala kArya hI hai, kAraNa nhiiN| puruSa na kAraNa hai aura na kArya hai / isa prakAra svarUpa kA kathana vandhyAsuta ke saundarya varNana ke samAna asat ko viSaya karane se upekSA ke yogya hai; kyoMki amUrta AkAza aura mUrta pRthivI Adi kA eka kAraNa se utpanna honA sambhava nahIM hai / * anyathA acetana bho paJcabhUtoM ke samUha se cArvAka mata ko siddhi ke prasaGga se sAMkhyamata kI gandha bhI nahIM rahegI / satkAryavAda kA pratiSedha anyatra * ( prameyakamalamArttaNDa meM) vistAra se kahA gayA hai, ataH yahA~ para nahIM * kahA jAtA hai; kyoMki yaha grantha saMkSepa svarUpa vAlA hai / sAMkhyAbhimata sAmAnya kA nirAkaraNa hone para bauddha kahatA hai ki vizeSa hI vastu kA svarUpa hai / jaise sAmAnya kA pratipAdana sAMkhyoM ne kiyA hai, usI prakAra bauddhoM ne paramANurUpa paryAyeM svIkRta kI haiM / ye paramANu 'pratikSaNa vinAzazIla, anitya, niraMza aura paraspara sambandharahita haiM / ve vijAtIya aura sajAtIya vizeSoM se samasta rUpa se bhinna svarUpa vAle haiM;
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________________ 160 niSThasya sAmastyenopalabdhasya tathaiva vyaktyantare'nupalambhaprasaGgAt / upalambhe vA tannAnAtvApatteryugapad bhinnadezatayA sAmastye nopalabdhestadva ghaktivat; anyathA vyaktayo'pi bhinnA mAbhUvanniti / tato buddhayabheda eva sAmAnyam / taduktam---- prameyaratnamAlAyAM ekatra dRSTo bhAvo hi kvacinnAnyatra dRzyate / tasmAnna bhinnamastyanyat sAmAnyaM buddhayabhedataH || 36 || iti te ca vizeSAH parasparAsambaddhA eva tatsambandhasya vicAryamANasyAyogAt / ekadezena sambandhe aNuSaTkena yugapad yogAdaNoH SaDaMzatApatteH / sarvAtmanAbhisambandhe piNDasyANumAtrakatvApatteH / avayaviniSedhAccAsambaddhatva meSAmupapadyata eva / tanniSedhazca vRttivikalpAdibAdhanAt / tathAhi avayavA avayavini vartanta iti nAmyupa kyoMki naiyAyikAdi ke anusAra mAnA gayA, aneka vyaktiyoM sarvAtma rUpa se vyApta hokara vartamAna kisI eka sAmAnya rUpa tattva ke sambhava hone kA abhAva hai / jaise vaha sAmAnya rUpa padArtha eka vyaktiniSTha hokara sAmastya rUpa upalabdha ho rahA hai, usI prakAra usake usI prakAra hI sAmastya rUpa se vyaktyantara arthAt anya vyakti meM prApta na hone kA prasaGga hai / sAmAnya prApta bhI ho to nAnApane kI Apatti prApta hotI hai; kyoMki vaha eka sAtha bhinna-bhinna dezavartI vyaktiyoM meM sampUrNa rUpa se pAyA jAtA hai / anyathA vyaktiyA~ bhI bhinna-bhinna na hoM / isalie sarvatra go vyaktiyoM meM buddhi kA abheda hI sAmAnya hai / jaisA ki kahA gayA hai dekhA gayA padArtha kahIM anyatra dikhAI abheda se bhinna anya koI sAmAnya zlokArtha - eka sthAna para nahIM detA hai, isalie buddhi ke nahIM hai ||36|| naiyAyika mata ko doSa dekara bauddha kahate haiM ki ve vizeSa paraspara meM sambandha se rahita hI haiM, kyoMki unakA sambandha vicAra kie jAne para siddha nahIM hotA hai / ( sambandha eka deza se hotA hai yA sarvAtmanA, isa prakAra kI zaGkA hone para kahate haiM) ekadeza se sambandha mAnane para chaha paramANuoM ke sAtha eka sAtha yoga hone se paramANu ke chaha aMza hone kI Apatti prApta hotI hai / sarvAtmanA sambandha mAnane para paramANuoM ke paraspara meM praveza ho jAne se aNumAtrapane kI Apatti AtI hai / aura avayavI ke niSedha se una vizeSoM ke asambaddhapanA bhI prApta hotA hai / avayavI kA niSedha vRttivikalpa arthAt avayavI kA avayavoM meM vicAra karane tathA anumAna se bAdhA Ane ke kAraNa kiyA jAtA hai / isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM .
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________________ caturthaH samuddezaH gatam / avayavI cAvayaveSu vartamAnaH kimekadezena vartate, sarvAtmanA vA ? ekadezena vRttaavyvaantrprsnggH| tatrApyakadezAntareNAvayavino vRttaavnvsthaa| sarvAtmanA vartamAno'pi pratyavayavaM svabhAvabhedena varteta, AhosvidekarUpeNeti ? prathamapakSe avyvibhutvaapttiH| dvitIyapakSe tu avayavAnAmekarUpatvApattiriti / pratyeka parisamAptyA vRttAvapyavayavibahutvamiti / tathA yadRzyaM sannopalabhyate tannAstyeva; yathA gaganendIvaram / nopalabhyate cAvayaveSvavayavIti / tathA yadgrahe yabuddhayabhAvastattato nArthAntaram, yathA vRkSAgrahe vanamiti / tatazca niraMzA evAnyonyAsaMspaziNo rUpAdiparamANavaH, te ca ekakSaNasthAyino na nityAH; vinAzaM pratyanyAnapekSaNAt / prayogazca-yo yadbhAvaM avayava avayavI meM rahate haiM, aisA to naiyAyikoM ne mAnA nahIM hai tathA avara, vI avayavoM meM rahatA huA kyA ekadeza se rahatA hai yA sampUrNa rUpa se rahatA hai / ekadeza se rahane para usake dUsare bhI avayava hone kA prasaMga AtA hai| dUsare avayavoM meM bhI anya deza se avayavI kI vRtti mAnane para anavasthA doSa prApta hotA hai| yadi kaheM ki sampUrNa rUpa se avayavI avayavoM meM rahatA hai to hamArA prazna hai ki eka-eka avayava ke prati svabhAvabheda se arthAt aneka svabhAvoM se rahegA athavA eka rUpa se rahegA ? prathama pakSa meM avayaviyoM ke bahuta hone kI Apatti AtI hai| dvitIya pakSa mAnane para avayavoM ke eka rUpa hone kI Apatti AtI hai| eka-eka avayava ke prati avayavo ke sampUrNa rUpa se vRtti mAnane para avayaviyoM ke bahuta hone kI Apatti AtI hai| avayavoM meM avayavI nahIM hai; kyoMki dekhane yogya hone para bhI upalabdha nahIM hotA hai| jo dekhane yogya hote hue bhI nahIM upalabdha hotA hai, vaha nahIM hai, jaise-AkAza kusuma / avayavoM meM avayavI upalabdha nahIM hotA hai| tathA avayavoM se avayavI bhinna nahIM hai, kyoMki avayavoM ke grahaNa na hone para 'yaha avayavI hai', aisI buddhi utpanna nahIM hotI hai| jisake agrahaNa meM jisakI buddhi kA abhAva hai, vaha usase bhinna nahIM hai| jaise vRkSa ke grahaNa na hone para vana kA abhAva hai| prathama anumAna se avayavoM meM avayavI kA abhAva siddha kiyA, isa avayavI ke niSedha se usa prakAra ke sambandha kA niSedha kiyA, isa prakAra hetu dvaya se rUpAdi paramANu niraMza aura paraspara meM asaMsparzI hI haiM aura ve ekakSaNa sthAyI haiM, nitya nahIM haiN| kyoMki ve apane vinAza ke prati kisI anya kI apekSA nahIM rakhate / isakA
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM pratyanyAnapekSaH sa tatsvabhAvaniyataH; yathA'ntyA kAraNasAmagrI svakArye / nAzo hi mudgarAdinA kriyamANAstato bhinno'bhinno vA kriyate ? bhinnasya karaNe ghaTasya sthitireva syAt / atha vinAzasambandhAnnaSTa iti vyapadeza iti ced bhAvAbhAvayoH kaH sambandhaH ? na tAvattAdAtmyam; tayorbhedAt / nApi tadutpattirabhAvasya kAryAdhAratvAghaTanAt / abhinnasya karaNe ghaTAdireva kRtaH syAt / tasya ca prAgeva niSpannatvAd vyartha karaNamityanyAnapekSatvaM siddhamiti vinAzasvabhAvaniyatatvaM sAdhayatyeva / siddhe cAnityAnAM tatsvabhAvaniyatatve taditareSAmAtmAdInAM vimatyadhikaraNabhAvApannAnAM sattvAdinA sAdhanena tad-dRSTAntAdbhavatyeva kSaNasthitisvabhAvatvam / tathAhi-yatsattatsarvamekakSaNasthitisvabhAvam; yathA ghaTaH / santazcAmI bhAvA iti / anumAna prayoga isa prakAra hai-jo jisa ( vinAza ) bhAva ke prati apekSArahita hai, vaha tatsvabhAvaniyata (vinAzasvabhAvaniyata ) hai| jaise antya tantu saMyoga lakSaNa antya kAraNa sAmagrI apane kArya paTotpatti meM kisI anya kAraNa se nirapekSa hai| mudgarAdi se kiyA jAne vAlA nAza ghaTAdi rUpa svakArya se bhinna kiyA jAtA hai yA abhinna kiyA jAtA hai / vinAza ke bhinna karane para ghar3e kI sthiti ho rhegii| yadi kaheM ki vinAza ke sambandha se 'ghaTa naSTa huA, aisA kahA jAtA hai to hamArA prazna hai ki bhAva abhAva ( ghaTa aura vinAza ) meM kyA sambandha hai ? tAdAtmya sambandha to ho nahIM sakatA, kyoMki bhAva aura abhAva meM bheda hai| tadutpatti sambandha bhI nahIM kaha sakate; kyoMki abhAva ke kArya kA AdhArapanA ghaTita nahIM hotA hai| mudgarAdi se ghar3e se abhinna abhAva ke karane para ghar3e Adi ho kie siddha hote haiN| ghar3e ke pahale hI niSpanna hone se karanA vyartha hai, isa prakAra anya kI apekSA siddha hai| isa prakAra vinAza svabhAva kI niyatatA ko siddha karatI hai| anitya paramANuoM ke vinAza svabhAvaniyatatA siddha hone para unase bhinna AtmA Adi ke vivAdApanna sattvAdi hetuoM ke dvArA ghar3A Adi vizeSa ke dRSTAnta se eka kSaNa sthiti vAle svabhAvapane kI siddha hotI hI hai| isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM jo sat hotA hai, vaha saba ekakSaNa sthiti svabhAvarUpa hai, jaise-ghar3A / (paramArtha rUpa se ghaTa kSaNika hai, pathabadhnodarAkAra rUpa se dekhA jAtA haA ghar3A kucha kAla taka sthAyI dikhAI detA hai, zIghra vinAzI dikhAI nahIM detA hai, isa prakAra kI bhrAnti avidyA ke vaza hoto hai ) / aura ye paramANu rUpa padArtha sat haiN|
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________________ caturthaH samuddezaH 163 athavA sattvameva vipakSe bAdhakapramANabalena dRSTAntanirapekSamazeSasya vastunaH kSaNikatvamanumApayati / tathAhi-sattvamarthakriyayA vyAptam, arthakriyA ca kramayogapadyAbhyAm; te ca nityAnnivartamAne svavyApyAmarthakriyAmAdAya nivartete / sApi svavyApyaM sattvamiti nityasya krama-yogapadyAbhyAmarthakriyAvirodhAt sattvAsambhAvanaM vipakSe bAdhakapramANamiti / na hi nityasya krameNa yugapadvA sA sambhavati; nityasyaikanava svabhAvena pUrvAparakAlabhAvikAryadvayaM kurvataH kAryAbhedakatvAt tasyaikasvabhAvatvAt tathApi kAryanAnAtve'nyatra kAryabhedAtkAraNabhedakalpanA viphalava syAt / tAdRzamekameva kiJcit kAraNaM kalpanIyaM yenakasvabhAvena kenaiva carAcaramutpadyata iti / atha svabhAvanAnAtvameva tasya kAryabhedAdiSyata iti cettahi te svabhAvAstasya ( aba bahirvyApti rUpa anumAna se siddhi karate haiM )-athavA sattva ho vipakSa rUpa nitya meM bAdhaka pramANa ke bala se ( nitya padArtha nahIM hai| kyoMki usameM krama se yA eka sAtha arthakriyAkAritA kA abhAva hai, isa prakAra bAdhaka pramANa ke bala se ) dRSTAnta ke binA hI samasta vastuoM ke kSaNikapane kA anumAna karAtA hai| isako hI spaSTa karate haiM-sattva artha kriyA se vyApta hai| arthakriyA krama tathA yaugapadya se vyApta hai| ve krama aura yogapadya nitya padArtha se nivRtti hote hue apane sAtha vyApta arthakriyA ko lekara nivRtta hote haiN| vaha arthakriyA bhI apane vyApya sattva ko sAtha meM lekara nivRtta hotI hai, isa prakAra nitya kA krama aura yugapat arthakriyA se virodha hai, (nitya padArtha nahIM hai kyoMki usameM krama se aura yugapat aIkrayA kA abhAva hai| jaise-khrvissaann)| sattva kI asambhAvanA ( nitya rUpa ) vipakSa meM bAdhaka pramANa hai| nitya padArtha ke krama se aura eka sAtha arthakriyA saMbhava nahIM hotI hai| (eka svabhAva athavA aneka svabhAva rUpa vikalpadvaya ko mana meM rakhakara krama se arthakriyA kA nirAkaraNa karate hue kahate haiM ) / nitya ke eka hI svabhAva se pUrvAparakAlabhAvo do padArthoM ko karate hue, vaha kArya kA bhedaka nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki nitya padArtha eka svabhAva vAlA hotA hai, tathApi kAryoM kA nAnApana mAnane para anya jagaha arthAt anitya padArthoM meM kArya ke bheda se kAraNa ke bheda kI kalpanA karanA viphala ho jaaygii| ataH usa prakAra ke kisI eka kAraNa kI kalpanA karanI yogya hai, jisase ki eka svabhAva vAle eka hI padArtha se carAcara jagat utpanna ho jaay| naiyAyikoM kA kahanA hai ki yadi nitya padArtha ke svabhAva kA nAnApana
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________________ 164 prameya ratnamAlAyAM sarvadA sambhavinastadA kAryasAGkaryam | no cet tadutpattikAraNaM vAcyam ? tasmAdeva tadutpattI tatsvabhAvAnAM sadA sambhavAtyaiva kAryANAM yugapatprAptiH / sahakArikramApekSayA tatsvabhAvAnAM krameNa bhAvAnnokta doSa iti cettadapi na sAdhusaGgatam ; samartha - sya nityasya parApekSAyogAt / taH sAmarthyakaraNe nityatAhAniH / tasmAdudbhinnameva sAmarthyaM tairvidhIyata iti na nityatAhAniriti cettahi nityamakiJcitkarameva sthAt, sahakArijanitasAmarthyasyaiva kAryakAritvAt / tatsambandhAttasyApi kAryakAritva tatsambandhasyaikasvabhAvatve sAmarthyanAnAtvAbhAvAnna kAryabhedaH / anekasvabhAvatve'kramavattve ca kAryavattasyApi sAGkaryamiti sarvamAvartata iti cakrakaprasaGgaH / tasmAnna krameNa kAryakAritvaM nityasya / nApi yugapat ; azeSakAryANAM yugapadutpattau dvitIyakSaNe kAryAkaraNAdanarthakriyAkAritvenAvastutvaprasaGgAt / iti nityasya kramayogApadyAbhAvaH hI kArya ke bheda se mAnate haiM to hamArA prazna hai ki ve svabhAva usa nitya padArtha ke sarvadA sambhava haiM to kAryoM kI saGkaratA prApta hotI hai, yadi sarvadA sambhava nahIM hai to una svabhAvoM kI utpatti kA kAraNa kahanA cAhie | usa nitya padArtha se hI una svabhAvoM kI utpatti mAnane para una svabhAvoM ke sadA sambhava hone se kAryoM kI yugapat prApti hotI hai / yadi kaheM ki nimitta kAraNoM ke krama kI apekSA nitya padArthoM ke svabhAva krama se utpanna hone ke kAraNa ukta doSa nahIM hai to yaha bhI ThIka taraha se saGgata nahIM hai; kyoMki jo nitya samartha hai, vaha dUsare kI apekSA nahIM kara sakatA / sahakArI kAraNoM ke dvArA nitya ke bhI sAmarthya karanA mAnane para nityatA kI hAni hotI hai / ata: sahakAriyoM ke dvArA bhinna hI sAmarthya kI jAtI hai, isa prakAra nityatA kI hAni nahIM hotI hai, yadi aisA kaheM to nitya akiJcitkara hI hotA hai, kyoMki sahakAriyoM se utpanna sAmarthya hI kAryakArI hotI hai / sahakArI kAraNoM se utpanna huI sAmarthya ke sambandha se nitya padArtha ke bhI kAryakArI mAnane para usa sambandha kA eka svabhAva mAnane para sAmarthya ke nAnApane ke abhAva hone se kAryabheda nahIM hogA / sAmarthya ke sambandha ko aneka svabhAva vAlA mAnane para akrama rUpa se sambaddha hone se ghar3e Adi kAryoM ke samAna usa sAmarthya ke bhI saGkarapanA prApta hogA / isa prakAra samasta doSoM ke Avartana se cakraka doSa ho jAyagA / ataH nitya padArtha krama se kArya nahIM karatA hai / nitya padArtha eka sAtha bhI kArya nahIM karatA hai / samasta kAryoM kI eka sAtha utpatti mAnane para dvitIya kSaNa meM kArya ke na karane se arthakriyAkAritA kA abhAva ho jAyagA, vaisI dazA meM usake avastupane kA prasaMga
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________________ caturthaH samuddezaH siddha eveti saugatAH pratipedire / te'pi na yuktavAdinaH; sajAtIyetaravyAvRttAtmanAM vizeSANAmanaMzAnAM grAhakasya pramANasyAbhAvAt / pratyakSasya sthirasthUlasAdhAraNAkAravastugrAhakatvena niraMzavastugrahaNAyogAt / na hi paramANavaH parasparAsambaddhAzcakSurAdibuddhau pratibhAnti, tathA satyavivAdaprasaGgAt / athAnubhUyanta eva prathamaM tathAbhUtAH kSaNAH, pazcAttu vikalpavAsanAbalAdAntarAdantarAlAnupalambhalakSaNAd bAhyAccAvidyamAno'pi sthUlAdyAkAro vikalpabuddhau cakAsti / sa ca tadAkAreNAnurajyamAnaH svavyApAraM tiraskRtya pratyakSavyApArapuraHsaratvena pravRttatvAt pratyakSAyata iti / tadapyatibAlavilasitam nirvikalpaka-bodhasyAnupalakSaNAt / gRhIte hi nirvikalpaketarayorbhede anyAkArAnurAgasyAnyatra kalpanA yuktA sphaTikajapAkusumayoriva, nAnyatheti / AtA hai| isa prakAra nitya padArtha ke krama se aura eka sAtha kArya kA abhAva siddha hI hai, aisA bauddha loga pratipAdana karate haiN| isa prakAra kahane vAle bauddha bhI yuktivAdI nahIM haiM, kyoMki sajAtIyavijAtIya bhinna-bhinna svarUpa vAle aMza rahita vizeSoM ke grAhaka pramANa kA abhAva hai| pratyakSa pramANa to sthira, sthUla aura sAdhAraNa AkAra vAle padArtha kA grAhaka hai, ataH vaha niraMza vastu ko grahaNa nahIM kara sktaa| paraspara asambaddha paramANu cakSa Adi indriyoM kI buddhi meM pratibhAsita nahIM hote haiN| yadi pratibhAsita hote to phira vivAda kA prasaGga hI nahIM aataa| bauddha-indriya aura padArtha kA sambandha hone ke bAda sarvaprathama niraMza paramANu hI pratibhAsita hote haiM, pIche vikalpa kI vAsanA rUpa antaraMga kAraNa se aura bAharI antarAla ke nahIM pAye jAne rUpa bahiraMga kAraNa se avidyamAna bhI sthira-sthUla Adi AkAra vikalpabuddhi meM pratibhAsita hote haiM aura vaha vikalpa usa nirvikalpa pratyakSa ke AkAra se anuraMjita hokara apane vikalpa rUpa aspaSTa vyApAra ko tiraskRta kara spaSTa rUpa pratyakSa vyApAra pUrvaka pravRtta hone se pratyakSa ke samAna pratibhAsita hotA hai| jaina-bauddhoM kA kathana bhI ati bAla-ceSTA ke samAna hai, kyoMki kisI ko bhI nirvikalpa jJAna kA anubhava nahIM hotA hai| nirvikalpa aura savikalpa ke bheda gRhIta hone para hI anya nirvikalpa ke AkAra kI anyatra kalpanA karanA yukta hai| jaise pUrva meM sphaTika vastu ke nizcita hone para sphaTika meM japAkusuma kI kalpanA yukta hai, anyathA nhiiN| (nirvikalpa
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM etena tayoryugapadvRtterlaghuvRttervA tadekatvAdhyavasAya iti nirastam; tasyApi kozapAnapratyeyatvAditi / kena vA tayorekatvAdhyavasAyaH ? na tAvadvikalpena, tasyAvikalpavArtAnabhijJatvAt / nApyanubhavena tasya vikalpAgocaratvAt / na ca tadubhayAviSayaM tadekatvAdhyavasAye samarthamatiprasaGgAt / tato na pratyakSabuddhau tathA vidhavizeSAvabhAsaH / nApyanumAnabuddhoM, tadavinAbhUtastrabhAvakAryaliGgAbhAvAt / anupalambhossiddha eva, anuvRttAkArasya sthUlAkArasya copalabdheruktatvAt / 166 aura savikalpa meM bheda ke na grahaNa karane para nirvikalpa AkAra kI savikalpa anurAgatA yukta nahIM hai ) / savikalpa meM nirvikalpa ke AkAra ke nirAkaraNa dvArA una donoM ( savikalpa aura nirvikalpa ) meM yugapat vRtti se ( yadi donoM meM ekatva kA adhyavasAya mAnA jAya to lambI pUrI ke bhakSaNa Adi meM rUpAdi pA~coM kA jJAna eka sAtha hone se unameM bhI abheda kA adhyavasAya mAnA jAnA cAhie ) athavA laghuvRtti se ( kramavRttva hone para bhI ) usa nirvikalpa aura savikalpa kI ekatA kA nizcaya hotA hai, isa kathana kA bhI nirAkaraNa ho gayA / ( yadi laghuvRtti se abheda kA adhyavasAya ( nizcaya ) mAnA jAya to gadhe ke raeNkane ityAdi meM bhI abheda kA adhyavasAya ho ) unakA yaha kathana saugandha khAne ke samAna hai / ( jisa prakAra saugandha khAkara balAt vizvAsa dilAyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra unakA kathana hai | ) athavA nirvikalpa aura savikalpa ke ekatva kA nizcaya kisa jJAna se hogA ? vikalpa se to ho nahIM sakatA; kyoMki vikalpa jJAna avikalpa kI vArtA se anabhijJa hai / anubhava rUpa nirvikalpa pratyakSa se bhI nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki vikalpa anubhava ke agocara hai / aura una viSaya na karane vAlA nirvikalpa aura savikalpa kA nizcaya karAne meM samartha nahIM hai, anyathA atiprasaMga doSa A jAyagA / ataH pratyakSa jJAna meM paraspara asambaddha paramANu vizeSa pratibhAsita nahIM hote haiM / aura anumAna jJAna meM bhI unakA pratibhAsa hotA hai; kyoMki paraspara asambaddha paramANuoM ke avinAbhAvI svabhAvaliGga aura kAryaliGga kA abhAva hai / anupalambha hetu to asiddha hI hai (yadi kahA jAya ki sthira, sthUla aura sAdhAraNa AkAra vAle padArtha ke nahIM pAe jAne se ( paramANurUpa ) vizeSa hI tattva hai, so yaha kathana asiddha hai; kyoMki anuvRtta AkAra kI aura sthUla AkAra kI upalabdhi ke viSaya meM hama kaha cuke haiM / ( yadi anuvRtta AkAra aura donoM ko hI
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________________ caturthaH samuddezaH 167 yadapi 'paramANUnAmekadezena sarvAtmanA vA sambandhI nopapadyata iti' tatrAnabhyupagama eva parihAraH; snigdharUkSANAM sajAtIyAnAM vijAtIyAnAM ca dvayadhikaguNAnAM kathaJcitskandhAkArapariNAmAtmakasya sambandhasyAbhyupagamAt / C sthUla AkAra ke anupalambha ke bala se anupalabdhi ho to niraMza paramANuoM kI siddhi ho, anyathA na ho; kyoMki pratyakSa se sthUlAdi AkAra kI pratIti hotI hai)| jo Apa bauddhoM ne kahA ki paramANuoM kA ekadeza athavA sarvadeza se sambandha nahIM banatA hai, usa viSaya meM jainoM kA vaisA nahIM mAnanA hI parihAra hai / snigdha aura rUkSa, sajAtIya aura vijAtIya do adhika guNa vAle paramANuoM kA kathaJcit skandha ke AkAra se pariNata hone rUpa sambandha ko jaina mAnate haiN| vizeSa-bAhya aura Abhyantara kAraNa se jo sneha paryAya utpanna hotI hai, usase pudgala snigdha kahalAtA hai| rUkhepana ke kAraNa pudgala rukSa kahA jAtA hai / snigdha aura rukSa guNa vAle do paramANuoM kA paraspara saMzleSalakSaNa bandha hone para dvayaNaka nAma kA skandha banatA hai| isI prakAra saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta pradeza vAle skandha utpanna hote haiM / jisa prakAra jala tathA bakarI, gAya, bhaiMsa aura U~Ta ke dUdha aura ghI meM uttarottara adhika rUpa se sneha guNa rahatA hai tathA pAMzu, kaNikA aura zarkarA Adi meM uttarottara nyUna rUpa se rUkSa guNa rahatA hai, usI prakAra paramANuoM meM bhI nyUnAdhika rUpa se snigdha aura rUkSa guNa kA anumAna hotA hai / jinakA zaktyaMza nikRSTa hotA hai, ve jaghanya guNa vAle kahalAte haiN| una jaghanya guNa vAloM kA bandha nahIM hotA hai| samAna zaktyaMza hone para tulya jAti vAloM kA bandha nahIM hotA hai| do adhika Adi zaktyaMza vAloM kA to bandha hotA hai| samAnajAtIya yA asamAnajAtIya do adhika Adi zaktyaMza vAloM kA bandha hotA hai, dUsaroM kA nhiiN| jaise-do snigdha zaktyaMza vAle paramANu kA eka snigdha zaktyaMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha, do snigdha zaktyaMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha aura tIna snigdha zaktyaMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha bandha nahIM hotA, cAra snigdha zaktyaMza vAle paramANuoM ke sAtha avazya bandha hotA hai / tathA do rUpa zaktyaMza vAle paramANu kA eka, do aura tIna rUkSa zaktyaMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha bandha nahIM hotA / cAra rUkSa zaktyaMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha avazya bandha hotA hai| kahA bhI hai
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM yaccAvayavini vRttivikalpAdi bAdhakamuktam; tatrAvayavino vRttireva yadi nopapadyate tadA na vartata ityabhidhAtavyam / naikadezAdivikalpastasya vizeSAnAntarIyakatvAt / tathAhi - 'naikadezena vartate, nApi sarvAtmanA ityukte prakArAntareNa vRttirityabhihitaM syAt / anyathA na vartata ityeva vaktavyamiti vizeSapratiSedhasya zeSAbhyanujJAnarUpatvAt kathaJcittAdAtmyarUpeNa vRttirityavasIyate; tatra yathoktadoSANamanavakAzAt / virodhAdidoSazcAgre pratiSetsyata iti neha pratanyate / - 168 yaccaikakSaNasthAyitve sAdhanam --'yo yadbhAvaM pratItyAdyuktam', tadapyasAdhanam asiddhAdidoSaduSTatvAt / tatrAnyAnapekSatvaM tAvadasiddham, ghaTAdya "ddhissa NidveNa durAdhieNa lukkhassa lukkheNa durAdhieNa / giddhassa lakkheNa havei baMdho jahaNNavajjo visame same vA || " snigdha kA do adhika zaktyaMza vAle snigdha ke sAtha bandha hotA hai | rUkSa kA do adhika zaktyaMza vAle rUkSa ke sAtha bandha hotA hai tathA snigdha kA rUkSa ke sAtha sama yA viSama guNoM ke hone para isI niyama se bandha hotA hai, kintu jaghanya zaktyaMza vAle kA bandha sarvathA varjanIya hai / ( sarvArthasiddhi 5 / 33 - 36 kI vyAkhyA ) jo avayavI meM vRttivikalpa Adi bAdhaka kahe haiM so avayavoM meM avayavI kI vRtti ho yadi nahIM banatI hai to avayavI avayavoM meM rahatA ho nahIM hai, aisA kahanA cAhiye / ekadeza se rahatA hai yA sarvadeza se rahatA hai, ityAdi vikalpa nahIM kahanA cAhiye; kyoMki ekadezAdi vikalpa ke anya vikalpa vizeSa ke sAtha avinAbhAva pAyA jAtA hai| ise ho spaSTa karate haiM avayavI avayavoM meM na ekadeza se rahatA hai aura na sarvadeza se, aisA kahe jAne para anya prakAra se rahatA hai, aisA kahA gayA samajhanA cAhie / anyathA avayavoM meM avayavI sarvathA rahatA hI nahIM, aisA kahanA cAhie; kyoMki vizeSa kA niSedha zeSa ke aGgIkAra rUpa hotA hai, ataH kathaJcit tAdAtmya rUpa se avayavI kI avayavoM meM vRtti hai, aisA nizcaya hotA hai / avayavI ke avayavoM meM tAdAtmya rUpa se rahane para jo Apane kahe haiM, una doSoM kA avakAza hI nahIM raha jAtA hai / virodha Adi doSoM kA Age niSedha kiyA jAyagA, ataH yahA~ para vistAra nahIM karate haiM / aura jo bauddhoM ne padArthoM ke ekakSaNasthAyI rahane meM sAdhana kahA haijo jisa bhAva ke prati anya kI apekSA rahita hai, vaha vinAzasvabhAvI hai,
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________________ caturthaH samuddezaH bhAvasya mudgarAdivyApArAnvayavyatirekAnuvidhAyitvAt tatkAraNatvopapatteH / kapAlAdiparyAyAntarabhAvo hi ghaTAderabhAvaH; tucchAbhAvasya sakalapramANagocarAtikrAntarUpatvAt / kiJca-abhAvo yadi svatantro bhavettadA'nyAnapekSatvaM vizeSaNaM yuktam / na ca saugatamate so'stIti hetuprayogAnavatAra eva / anekAntikaM cedam; zAlibIjasya kodravArajananaM prati anyAnapekSatve'pi tajjananavasvabhAvAniyatatvAt / tatsvabhAvatve satIti vizeSaNAnna doSa iti cenna; sarvathA padArthAnAM vinAzasvabhAvAsiddheH / paryAyarUpeNaiva hi bhAvAnAmutpAdavinAzAvaGgokriyate, na dravyarUpeNa / samudeti vilayamRcchati bhAvo niyamena paryayanayasya / nodeti no vinazyati bhAvanayAliMgito nityam / / 37 // iti vacanAt / vaha bhI asAdhana hai; kyoMki vaha asiddha Adi doSoM se dUSita hai| usa anumAna meM anyAnapekSatva rUpa hetu asiddha hai, ghaTa Adi ke abhAva kA mudgara Adi ke vyApAra ke sAtha anvaya-vyatirekapanA pAe jAne se vinAza ke prati mudgarAdi ke vyApAra kI kAraNatA bana jAtI hai| ( kapAlAdi kI utpatti ke prati mudgarAdi kA vyApAra hai, abhAva ke prati nahIM, aisI AzaMkA hone para kahate haiM ) kapAlAdi anya paryAya kA honA hI ghaTa Adi kA abhAva kahalAtA hai atyantAbhAvarUpa niHsvabhAva kisI bhI pramANa kA viSaya nahIM hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki abhAva yadi svatantra ( kAraNanirapekSa ) ho, taba anyAnapekSatva vizeSaNa yukta hai, kintu bauddhamata meM svatantra rUpa se abhAva hai nahIM, ataH vinAza ke prati anya hetu ko apekSA na rahane se hetu ke prayoga kA avatAra hI nahIM hai / yaha hetu anaikAntika bhI hai (zAli boja kodoM ke aMkurotpatti ke prati apekSA se rahita hai, parantu zAlibIja meM kodrava ke aMkurajanana kI sAmarthya nahIM hai, ata: sAdhya ke abhAva meM bhI sAdhana kA sadbhAva hone se yaha hetu anaikAntika hai)| zAlibIja kodravAMkura ke janana ke prati anya ko apekSA nahIM rakhatA hai, kyoMki usakI use utpanna karane kI sAmarthya hI nahIM hai| bauddha kahate haiM ki samasta padArtha vinAza svabhAvaniyata haiN| vinAza svabhAva hone para aisA vizeSaNa anyAnapekSatva hetu kA kara dene para ukta doSa nahIM rahegA, yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki padArthoM kA vinAza svabhAva asiddha hai| paryAyAthikanaya se hI padArthoM kA utpAda aura vinAza svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai, dravyArthika naya se nhiiN| ... ilokArtha-paryAyArthikanaya ke niyama se padArtha utpanna hotA hai aura
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________________ 170 prameyaratnamAlAyAM na hi niranvayavinAze pUrvakSaNasya tato matAcchikhinaH kekAyitasyevottarakSaNasyotpattirghaTate / dravyarUpeNa kathaJcidatyaktarUpasyApi sambhavAt na sarvathA bhAvAnAM vinAzasvabhAvatvaM yuktam / na ca dravyarUpasya grahItumazakyatvAdabhAvaH; tadgrahaNopAyasya pratyabhijJAnasya bahulamupalambhAt / tatyAmANyasya ca prAgevoktatvAt, uttarakAryotpattyanyathAnupapattezca siddhatvAt / yaccAnyatsAdhanaM sattvAkhyaM tadapi vipakSavatsvapakSe'pi samAnatvAnna sAdhyasiddhinibandhanam / tathAhi-sattvamarthakriyayA vyAptam, arthakriyA ca kramayogapadyAbhyAm te ca kSaNikAnnivartamAne svavyApyAmarthakriyAmAdAya nivartete / sA ca nivartamAnA svavyApyasattvamiti nityasyeva kSaNikasyApi kharaviSANavadasattvamiti na tatra sattvavyavasthA / na ca kSaNikasya vastunaH kramayogapadyAbhyAmarthakriyAvirodho'siddhaH; tasya dezakRtasya kAlakRtasya vA kramasyAsambhavAt / avasthitasyainAza ko prApta hotA hai, kintu dravyAthika naya kI apekSA padArtha na utpanna hotA hai aura na vinaSTa hotA hai, kintu nitya hI rahatA hai // 37 // isa prakAra Agamana meM kahA gayA hai| pUrva kSaNa kA niranvaya vinAza mAnane para pUrva kSaNa se uttara kSaNa kI utpatti ghaTita nahIM hotI hai, jisa prakAra mare hue mora se vANI nahIM. nikala sakatI hai| dravya rUpa se kathaJcit atyakta rUpa padArtha ke bhI sambhava hone se padArthoM kA sarvathA vinAzasvabhAvapanA yukta nahIM hai| aisA nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai ki dravya rUpa kA grahaNa karanA azakya hone se abhAva hai| dravya ko grahaNa karane kA upAyabhUta pratyabhijJAna bahulatA se pAyA jAtA hai| pratyabhijJAna kA prAmANya pahale hI kaha cuke haiN| yadi dravya rUpa se anvita na ho to uttara kArya kI utpatti bhI na ho| isa prakAra kI anyathAnupapatti se dravyarUpa kI siddhi hoto hai| kSaNikatva kI siddhi ke lie jo sattva nAmakA hetu kahA hai, vaha bhI vipakSa ( nitya ) ke samAna svapakSa ( anitya ) meM bhI samAna hone se sAdhya kI siddhi meM kAraNa nahIM hai| isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM satva arthakriyA se vyApta hai| arthakriyA krama aura yaugapadya se vyApta hai| ve krama aura yogapadya kSaNika se nivRtta hote hue svavyApya arthakriyA ko lekara nivRtta hote haiM aura vaha arthakriyA nivRtta hotI huI svavyApya sattva ko lekara nivRtta hotI hai| isa prakAra nitya ke samAna kSaNika padArtha kA bhI kharaviSANa ke samAna asattva siddha hai| isa prakAra kSaNika pakSa meM sattva kI vyavasthA siddha nahIM hotI hai / kSaNika vastu kA krama aura yogapadya se arthakriyA kA virodha asiddha nahIM hai| kyoMki kSaNika vastu ke.
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________________ caturthaH samuddezaH 171. kasya hi nAnAdezakAlakalAvyApitvaM dezakramaH kAlakramazcAbhidhIyate / na ca kSaNike so'sti / yo yatraiva sa tatraiva yo yadaiva tadeva sH| na dezakAlayoAptirbhAvAnAmiha vidyate / / 38 // iti svayamevAbhidhAnAt / na ca pUrvottarakSaNAnAmekasantAnApekSayA kramAsambhavati; santAnasya vAstavatve tasyApi kSaNikatvena kramAyogAt / akSaNikatve'pi vAstavatve tenaiva sattvAdisAdhanamana kAntikam / avAstavatve na tadapekSaH kramo yukta iti / nApi yogapadyana tatrArthakriyA sambhavati; yugapadekena svabhAvena nAnAkAryakaraNe tatkAryakatvaM syAt / nAnAsvabhAva kalpanAyAM te svabhAvAstena vyApanIyAH / tatraikena svabhAvena tadvayAptI tessaamekruuptaa| nAnAsvabhAvena cedanavasthA / athaikatraikasyopAdAnabhAva evAnyatra dezakRta aura kAlakRta krama kA honA asambhava hai| avasthita eka padArtha ke nAnA deza meM vyApta hokara rahane ko dezakrama aura nAnA kAla kalAoM meM vyApta hokara rahane ko kAlakrama kahate haiN| kSaNika padArtha meM vaha sambhava nahIM hai| zlokArtha-jo padArtha jisa deza meM utpanna huA hai, vaha vahIM vinaSTa hotA hai aura jo padArtha jisa kAla meM utpanna huA hai, vaha bhI usI samaya vinAza ko prApta hotA hai| isalie padArthoM kI kSaNika pakSa meM dezakrama aura kAlakrama kI apekSA deza aura kAla kI vyApti nahIM hai // 38 // isa prakAra bauddhoM ne svayaM kahA hai| pUrva aura uttara kSaNoM kA eka santAna kI apekSA krama sambhava nahIM hai| santAna ko vAstava mAnane para usa santAna ke bhI kSaNika hone se krama nahIM banatA hai| santAna nitya mAnane para bhI santAna meM hI sattvAdi sAdhana anekAntika ho jAtA hai| santAna ke avAstavikapane ke hone para santAna kI apekSA krama yukta nahIM hai| eka sAtha bhI kSaNika padArtha meM arthakriyA sambhava nahIM hai| yugAt eka svabhAva se kSaNika ke nAnA kArya karane para una kAryoM ke ekatva siddha hotA hai| nAnA svabhAva se kriyA karatA hai, aisI kalpanA karane para ve svabhAva usa kSaNika vastu ke sAtha vyApta hokara rahane caahie| unameM eka svabhAva se kSaNika padArtha ke nAnA svabhAvoM kI vyApti mAnane para una nAnA svabhAvoM ke ekarUpatA Apatti prApta hotI hai| yadi nAnA svabhAva se kSaNika padArtha ke sAtha
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________________ 172 prameyaratnamAlAyAM sahakAribhAva iti na svabhAvabheda iSyate, tarhi nityasyaikasyApi vastunaH krameNa nAnAkAryakAriNaH svabhAvabhedaH kAryasAyaM vA mAbhUt / akramAt kramiNAmanutpattenaivamiti cedekAnaMzakAraNAdyugapadanekakAraNasAdhyAnekakAryavirodhAdakramiNo'pi na kSaNikasya kAryakAritvamiti / kiJca-bhavatpakSe sato'sato vA kAryakAritvam ? sataH kAryakartRtve sklkaalklaavyaapikssnnaanaamekkssnnvRttiprsnggH| dvitIyapakSe kharaviSANaderapi kAryakAritvam, asattvAvizeSAt / sattvalakSasya vyabhicArazca / tasmAnna vizeSakAntapakSaH zreyAn / nAnA svabhAvoM kI vyApti mAnate haiM to anavasthA doSa AtA hai / (nAnA svabhAva se yadi nAnAsvabhAvoM kI vyApti hotI hai to nAnAsvabhAva kisase vyApanIya hoMge? dUsare nAnA svabhAva se kaho to anavasthA doSa AtA hai; kyoMki isase to dUsare-dUsare nAnA svabhAvoM kI kalpanA karanI pdd'egii| yadi bauddhoM dvArA kahA jAya ki eka jagaha ( rUpakSaNAdi meM ) eka uttarakSaNa kA upAdAna bhAva hI anya rasakSaNAdi meM sahakAribhAva hai, ataH hameM svabhAva bheda iSTa nahIM hai to nitya eka hI vastu ke krama se nAnA kArya karane para svabhAva bheda yA eka sAtha aneka kAryoM kI prApti rUpa kArya sAGkarya bhI nahIM mAnanA caahie| yadi kahA jAya ki akrama rUpa nitya padArtha se krama vAle kAryoM kI utpatti nahIM ho sakatI hai to hamArA kahanA hai ki eka niraMza kSaNika rUpa kAraNa se yugapat aneka kAraNa sAdhya aneka kAryoM ke hone kA virodha hai, ataH akrama se bho kSaNika padArtha ke kAryakArIpanA nahIM banatA hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki Apake kSaNika pakSa meM sata ke kArya kAritva hai yA asat ke| sat ke kAryakArIpanA mAnane para kAla kI saba kalAoM meM vyApta aneka kSaNa rUpa kAryoM ke ekakSaNavatIpane kA prasaMga aaegaa| dUsarA pakSa mAnane para kharaviSANAdi ke bhI kAryakAritva ho jAyagA; kyoMki asat kI apekSA donoM samAna haiN| sattva kA jo arthakriyAkAritva lakSaNa hai, vaha asatva meM bhI sambhava hone se satvalakSaNa vyabhicarita hotA hai| kyoMki asattva meM bhI arthakrirA ghaTita ho rahI hai| ataH anitya, niraMza, paraspara asambaddha paramANuoM ke kAryakAritva kA abhAva hone se vizeSakAnta pakSa zreyaskara nahIM hai|
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________________ caturthaH samuddezaH nApi sAmAnyavizeSau parasparAnapekSAviti yaugamatamapi yuktiyuktamavabhAti, tayoranyonyabhededvayoranyatarasyApi vyavasthApayitumazakteH / tathAhi - vizeSAstatAvad dravyaguNakarmAtmAnaH sAmAnyaM tu parAparabhedAd dvividham / tatra para sAmAnyAtsattAlakSaNAvizeSANAM bhede'sattvApattiriti / tathA ca prayogaH - dravyaguNakarmANyasadrUpANi sattvAdatyantaM bhinnatvAt prAgabhAvAdivaditi / na sAmAnyavizeSasamavAyai - rvyabhicAraH tatra svarUpasattvasyAbhinnasya paraibhyupagamAt / " sAmAnya aura vizeSa paraspara nirapekSa haiM. yaha yaugamata bhI yuktiyuktapratIta nahIM hotA hai / nirapekSa sAmAnya aura vizeSa meM paraspara abheda: mAnane para donoM meM kisI eka kI bhI vyavasthA karanA sambhava nahIM hai / isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM- vizeSa to dravya, guNa aura karmasvarUpa haiMaura sAmAnya para aura apara do prakAra kA hotA hai / ( sAmAnya kI AdhAra bhUta vyaktiyA~ yahA~ para vizeSa zabda se grahaNa kI jAtI haiM, nitya dravya meM rahane vAle antya vizeSa yahA~ vizeSa zabda se grahaNa nahIM kie. jAte haiM / ) unameM se sattA lakSaNa vAle para sAmAnya se vizeSoM ke sarvathA bheda mAnane para unake asattva kI Apatti AtI hai| isakA anumAna prayoga isa prakAra hai- dravya, guNa aura karma ye tInoM padArtha asad rUpa haiM; kyoMki sattva se atyanta bhinna hai, jaise ki prAgabhAva Adi sattva se atyanta bhinna haiM / 'sattva se atyanta bhinna haiM, isa hetu meM sAmAnya, vizeSa aura samavAya se vyabhicAra nahIM AtA hai; kyoMki unameM abhinna svarUpa sattva ko yaugoM ne mAnA hai / 173 vizeSa - sAmAnya do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai - ( 1 ) para ( 2 ) apara / dravyAdi tIna meM rahane vAlI sattA para rUpa se kahI jAtI hai / para se bhinna jo jAti hai, vahI apara rUpa se kahI jAtI hai / dravyatvAdika jAti parApara kahI jAtI hai / vyApaka hone se vaha para hotI hai aura vyApya hone se apara bhI hotI hai / bahuta bar3e deza meM vyApitva paratva hai, alpadeza vyApitva apara hai / abhAva cAra prakAra kA hotA hai - prAgabhAva, pradhvaMsAbhAva, itaretarAbhAva aura atyantAbhAva / dUdha meM dahI Adika nahIM hai, yaha prAgabhAva hai / dahI meM dUdha nahIM hai, yaha pradhvaMsAbhAva kA udAharaNa hai / tAdAtmya sambandha se avacchinna pratiyogitAka anyonyAbhAva hai / jaise ghar3A vastra nahIM hai / kAlika saMsargAvacchinna pratiyogitAka atyantAbhAva hai / jaise isa bhUtala : para ghar3A nahIM hai /
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________________ -174 prameyaratnamAlAyAM nanu dravyAdInAM pramANopapannatve migrAhakapramANabAdhito heturyena hi pramANena dravyAdayo nizcIyante tena tatsattvamapIti / atha na pramANapratipannA dravyAdayastahi hetorAzrayAsiddhiriti tadayuktam; prasaGgasAdhanAt / prAgabhAvAdau hi sattvAd bhedo'sattvena vyApta upalabhyate, tatazca vyApyasya dravyAdAvabhyupagamo vyApakAbhyupagamanAntarIyaka iti prasaGgasAdhane'sya dopasyAbhAvAt / etena dravyAdInAmapyadra vyAditvaM dravyatvAde de cintitaM boddhavyam / kathaM vA SaNNAM padArthAnAM parasparaM bhede pratiniyatasvarUpavyavasthA ? dravyasya hi dravyamiti vyapadezasya dravyatvAbhisaMmbandhAdvidhAte tataH pUrva dravyasvarUpa kiJcidvAcyam; yena saha dravyatvAbhisambandhaH syAt ? dravyameva svarUpamiti cenna; tadvaya padezasya dravyatvAbhisambandhanibandhanatayA svarUpatvAyogAt / sattvaM nijarUpamiti cenna; tasyApi sattAsambandhanAdeva tadvayapadezakaraNAt / evaM guNAdipvapi vAcyam / yoga-(dravyAdi pramANa prApta haiM yA pramANa prApta nahIM hai, isa prakAra do vikalpoM kA Azraya lekara doSa upasthita karate haiM ) / dravyAdi yadi pramANa se parigRhIta haiM to sattva se atyanta bhinna hone ke kAraNa yaha hetu pramANa bAdhita hai| jisa pramANa se dravyAdika nizcaya kiye jAte haiM, usI pramANa se una dravyAdikoM kA sattva bhI nizcaya karanA caahie| yadi dravyAdika pramANa se parigRhIta nahIM hai to hetu AzrayAsiddha ho jAtA hai| jaina--yaha kahanA ayukta hai| kyoMki yahA~ para hamane prasaMga sAdhana kiyA hai| prAgabhAva Adi meM sattva se jo bheda hai, vaha asatva se vyApta pAyA jAtA hai isalie satva se bheda rUpa vyAppa kA dravyAdika meM jo aGgIkAra hai, vaha vyApaka jo asattva usameM aMgIkAra ke sAtha avinAbhAvI hai, isa prakAra prasaMga sAdhana karane para pramANabAdhita Adi doSoM kA abhAva hai| isI kathana se ( para sAmAnya se vizeSoM ke bhinna mAnane para unake asattva samarthana se ) dravyAdika ke bhI adravyatva AdipanA dravyatva Adi se bheda mAnane para vicAra kara liye gae jAnanA caahie| dravya, guNa, karma, sAmAnya, vizeSa aura samavAya ina chaha padArthoM kA paraspara bheda mAna lene para pratiniyata svarUpa vAlI vyavasthA kaise hogI? dravya ke dravya aisA nirdeza dravyatva ke sambandha se karane para dravyatva ke sambandha se pUrva dravya kA kyA svarUpa thA, usake viSaya meM kucha kahanA cAhie, jisake sAtha dravyatva kA sambandha ho ske| yadi Apa kaheM ki dravya kA dravya hI svarUpa hai to yaha .. kahanA ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki usakA dravya yaha nAma to sattA ke sambandha se
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________________ 175 caturthaH samuddezaH kevalaM sAmAnya vizeSasamavAyAnAmeva svarUpasattvena tathAvyapadezopapattestattrayavyavastheva syAt / nanu jIvAdipadArthAnAM sAmAnyavizeSAtmakatvaM syAdvAdibhirabhidhIyate, tayozca vastunorbhedAbhedAviti to ca virodhAdidoSopanipAtAnnakatra sambhavinAviti / tathAhi-bhedAbhedayovidhiniSedhayorekatrAbhinne vastunyasambhavaH zItoSNasparzayoveti 1 / bhedasyAnyadadhikaraNamabhedasya cAnyaditi vaiyadhikaraNyam 2 / yamAtmAnaM purodhAya bhedo yaM ca samAzrityAbhedaH, tAvAtmAnau bhinnI cAbhinnau ca / tatrApi tathAparikalpanAdanavasthA 3 / yena rUpeNa bhedastena bhedazcAbhedazceti saGkaraH 4 / yena bhedastenAbhedo yenAbhedastena bheda iti vyatikaraH 5 / bhedAbhedAtmakatve ca vastuno'sAdhAraNAkAreNa nizcetumazaktaH saMzayaH 6 / tatazcApratipattiH 7 / tato'bhAvaH / 8 / ityanekAntAtmakamapi na sosthyamAbhajatIti kecit / hotA hai / dravya ke samAna guNAdika meM bhI kathana karanA caahie| kevala sAmAnya, vizeSa aura samavAya ina tIna padArthoM ke svarUpa sattva se 'sat' vyavahAra bana jAtA hai, ataH sAmAnya, vizeSa aura samavAya ina tIna padArthoM kI hI vyavasthA siddha hotI hai| yoga-syAdvAdI loga jIvAdi padArthoM ko sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka kahate haiN| usa sAmAnya aura vizeSa kA vastu se bheda bhI kahate haiM aura abheda bhI kahate haiN| ve donoM virodha Adi doSoM ke Ane se eka vastu meM sambhava nahIM haiN| bheda aura abheda ye donoM vidhi aura niSedha svarUpa haiM, isalie unakA eka abhinna vastu meM rahanA asambhava hai, jaise ki zIta aura uSNa sparza kA eka sAtha vastu meM rahanA asambhava hai| ( ataH bhinna aura abhinna ke eka vastu meM rahane meM virodha hai ) // 1 // bheda kA adhikaraNa anya hai aura abheda kA adhikaraNa anya hai, ataH vayadhikaraNya doSa hai // 2 / / jisa svarUpa ko mukhya kara bheda hai aura jisakA Azraya lekara abheda hai, ve donoM svarUpa bhinna bhI haiM aura abhinna bhI haiN| unameM bhI bheda aura abheda kI kalpanA karane se anavasthA doSa hai // 3 // jisa rUpa se bheda hai, usa rUpa se bheda aura abheda donoM hone se saGkara doSa hai / / 4 / jisa rUpa se bheda hai, usase abheda hai aura jisase abheda hai, usase bheda hai, isa prakAra vyatikara doSa AtA hai // 5 // vastu ke bhedAbhedAtmaka hone para asAdhAraNa AkAra se nizcaya karanA saMbhava na hone se saMzaya doSa hai||6|| saMzaya hone ke kAraNa vastu kA jJAna nahIM hone se apratipatti doSa hai // 7 // apratipatti na hone se abhAva nAma kA doSa bhI AtA hai // 8 // isa prakAra vastu ko anekAntAtmaka
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________________ prameya ratnamAlAyAM te'pi na prAtItikavAdinaH ; virodhasya pratIyamAnayorasambhavAt / anupalambhasAdhyo hi virodhaH, tatropalabhyamAnayoH ko virodhaH / yacca zItoSNasparzayorveti dRSTAntatayoktam, tacca dhUpadahanAdya kanvayavinaH zotoSNasparzasvabhAvasyo - palabdherayuktameva; ekasya calAcalaraktAraktAvRttAnAvRttAviviruddhadharmANAM yugapadupalabdhezca prakRtayorapi na virodha iti / etena vaiyadhikaraNyamapyapAstam; tayorekAdhikaraNatvena pratIteH / atrApi prAguktanidarzanAnyeva boddhavyAni / yaccAnavasthAnaM dUSaNaM tadapi syAdvAdimatAnabhijJairevApAditam / tatmataM hi sAmAnyavizeSAtmake vastuni sAmAnyazizeSAveva bhedaH; bhedadhvaninA tayorevAbhidhAnAt dravyarUpeNAbheda iti dravyamevAbhedaH; ekAnekAtmakatvAdvastunaH / yadi vA bhedanayaprAdhAnyena vastumAnanA bhI svasthatA ko prApta nahIM hotA hai, aisA kucha ( yaugAdi) logoM ne kahA hai / jaina -uparyukta kathana karane vAle bhI yathArthavAdI nahIM haiM; kyoMki yathArtha rUpa se pratIta hone vAle sAmAnya vizeSa yA bheda-abheda meM virodha kA honA asambhava hai / virodha to anupalambhasAdhya hotA hai, upalambhamAna bheda aura abheda meM kyA virodha hai ? jo Apane zIta aura uSNa sparza ko dRSTAnta rUpa meM kahA hai, vaha kathana dhUpa dahana vAle ghaTa Adi eka avayavI ke zIta aura uSNa svabhAva kI upalabdhi hone ke kAraNa ayukta hI hai / eka hI vastu ke cala-acala, rakta-arakta, AvRta - anAvRta Adi virodhI dharmoM kI eka sAtha upalabdhi hone se ataH prakRta sAmAnya vizeSa aura bhedAbheda meM virodha nahIM hai| eka hI vastu meM bheda aura abheda ke virodha kA parihAra karane se vaiyadhikaraNya kA bhI nirAkaraNa kara diyA; kyoMki una bheda aura abheda ekAdhikaraNa ke rUpa meM pratIti hotI hai / vaiyadhikaraNya ke nirAkaraNa ke prakaraNa meM bhI pahale kahe gae Adi dRSTAnta samajhanA caahie| aura jo anavasthA nAmaka doSa diyA gayA hai, vaha bhI una logoM dvArA diyA gayA hai jo syAdvAda mata se anabhijJa haiM / syAdvAdiyoM kA mata hai ki sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu meM sAmAnya aura vizeSa hI bheda hai; kyoMki bheda rUpa dhvani ke dvArA una donoM sAmAnya vizeSoM kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai / dravyArthika naya kI pradhAnatA se abheda hai, yathArtha meM dravya hI abheda hai; kyoMki ekAnekAtmaka hai - dravyadRSTi se vastu eka rUpa hai aura paryAyadRSTi se vastu aneka rUpa hai, yaha bhAva hai / athavA bhedanaya kI pradhAnatA se vastu ke ananta dharma hone se anavasthA doSa nahIM AtA hai / isI ko spaSTa karate haiM-- jo sAmAnya hai aura jo vizeSa hai, una donoM se anuvRtta aura vyAvRtta 176
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________________ caturthaH samuddezaH 177 dhrmaannaamaanntyaannaanvsthaa| tathA hi-yatsAmAnyaM yazca vizeSastayoranuvRttavyAvRttAkAreNa bhedaH; tayozcArthakriyAbhedAt, tabhedazca zaktibhedAt so'pi sahakAribhedAdityanantadharmANAmaGgIkaraNAt kuto'navasthA ? tathA coktam mUlakSatikarImAhuranavasthAM hi dUSaNam / / vastvAnantye'pyazaktau ca nAnavasthA vicAryate // 39 // iti yo ca saGkara-vyatikarau tAvapi mecakajJAnanidarzanena sAmAnyavizeSadRSTAntena ca prihRtau| atha tatra tathA pratibhAsanaM parasyApi vastuni tathaiva pratibhAso'stu; - AkAra se bheda hai aura anuvRtta-vyAvRttAkAra kA bheda arthakriyA ke bheda se hai-go go, isa prakAra kA udAharaNa anuvRttAkAra kA hai, zyAma zukla nahIM hotA hai, yaha udAharaNa vyAvRttAkAra kA hai| arthakriyA kA bheda una donoM kI zaktiyoM ke bheda se hai, vaha zaktibheda bhI sahakAribheda se hai| isa prakAra ananta dharmoM ke aGgIkAra karane se anavasthA kahA~ se ho sakatI hai ? jaisA ki kahA gayA hai zlokArtha-mUla kA vinAza karane vAlI anavasthA ko dUSaNa kahate haiM, kintu vastu ke anantapanA hone para athavA vicAra karane kI asamarthatA hone para ( vastuvikalpa kI parisamApti hone para ) anavasthA doSa kA vicAra nahIM kiyA jAtA hai // 39 // jo saGkara aura vyatikara doSa kahe gae haiM, unameM se saGkara mecakajJAna ke udAharaNa se aura vyatikara sAmAnya-vizeSa ke dRSTAnta se nirAkRta kara die ge| ( pA~ca varNa kA mecaka nAmaka ratna hotA hai| jaise mecaka meM nIlAdi aneka pratibhAsa hone para yaha kahanA sambhava nahIM hai ki jisa rUpa se pota pratibhAsa hai, usa rUpa se pIta pratibhAsa bhI hai aura nIla pratibhAsa bhI hai, kintu bhinna AkAra se pratibhAsa hai| usI prakAra eka hI vastu meM bheda aura abheda ko vyavasthA bhalIbhA~ti ghaTita hotI hai| aisA nahIM hai ki jisa rUpa se vizeSa ho, usa rUpa se sAmAnya ho athavA jisa rUpa se sAmAnya hai, usa rUpa se vizeSa ho| isa prakAra vyatikara doSa ko avakAza nahIM hai| sAmAnya hI vizeSa hai| jaise-gotva) khaNDo, muNDI Adi gAyoM kI apekSA sAmAnya hai aura bhaiMsA Adi kI apekSA vizeSa hai| isa prakAra vyatikara doSa kA nirAkaraNa kara diyA gyaa|) yoga-mecaka varNa meM usa prakAra kA (citrAkAra aura sAmAnya-vizeSa rUpa ) pratibhAsa hotA hai| - jaina-syAdvAdiyoM ke bhI anekAntAtmaka vastu meM usI prakAra bhedAbheda
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________________ 178 prameyaratnamAlAyAM tasya pakSapAtAbhAvAt / nirNIte saMzayo'pi na yuktaH, tasya calitapratipattirUpatvAdacalitapratibhAse durghaTatvAt / pratipanne vastunyapratipattirityatisAhasam / upalabdhyabhidhAnAdanupalambho'pi na siddhastato nAbhAva iti dRSTeSTAviruddha manekAntazAsanaM siddham / etenAvayavAvayavinoguNaguNinoH karmatadvatozca kathaJcid bhedAbhedau pratipAditau bauddhabyo / atha samavAyavazAbhinneSvapyabhedapratItiranupapanna brahmatulyArUpajJAnasyeti cenna; tasyApi tato bhinnasya vyavasthApayitumazakteH / tathAhi - samavAyavRttiH svasamavAyiSu vRttimatI syAdavRttimatI vA ? vRttimattva svenaiva vRttyantareNa vA ? tAvadAdyaH rUpa se hI pratibhAsa ho / pratibhAsa kisI ke viSaya meM pakSapAta nahIM karatA hai / mecaka Adi meM pratibhAsa ke bala se nirNaya ho jAne para saMzaya bhI yukta nahIM hai / saMzaya to sthANu hai yA puruSa hai, isa prakAra calita jJAna rUpa hotA hai, kintu sthira pratibhAsa rUpa vastu meM saMzaya durghaTa hai / pramANa se jAnI huI vastu meM apratipatti nAmaka doSa kahanA ati sAhasa hai / anekAntAtmaka vastu kI upalabdhi ke kathana se anupalambha bhI siddha nahIM hotA hai / anupalambha ke abhAva ke kAraNa abhAva nAmaka doSa bhI prApta nahIM hotA hai / isa prakAra pratyakSa aura anumAna se aviruddha anekAnta zAsana siddha hai / virodhAdi doSa ke parihAra se - sAmAnya aura vizeSa meM kathaJcit bheda aura abheda siddha karane se avayava aura avayavI / jaise kapAla aura ghaTa ), guNa aura guNI ( jaise jJAna aura AtmA ) tathA kriyA aura kriyAvAn meM kathaJcit bheda aura kathaJcit abheda pratipAdita kie gae samajhanA cAhie / yoga - jise brahma tulya jJAna prApta nahIM huA hai, aise alpajJa puruSa ke samavAya sambandha ke vaza se bhinna padArthoM meM bhI abheda kI pratIti hotI | ( avayava avayavI, jAtivyakti, guNa- guNI, kriyA-kriyAvAn, nityadravya aura vizeSa, inameM jo sambandha hotA hai, vaha samavAya hai / ) jaina - yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki samavAya sambandha kI bhI padArthoM se bhinna vyavasthA karanA sambhava nahIM hai / isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiMsamavAya sambandha apane samavAyI padArthoM meM ( dravyAdi pA~ca meM tathA guNa guNI Adi meM ) sambandha vAlA hai athavA asambandha vAlA hai? yadi sambandha vAlA hai to samavAya se hI apane samavAyiyoM meM sambandha vAlA hai yA anya sambandha se ? samavAya sambandha se apane samavAyiyoM meM samavAya
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________________ caturthaH samuddezaH 179 pakSaH, samavAye samavAyAnamyupagamAt; paJcAnAM samavAyitvamiti vacanAt / vRttya - ntarakalpanAyAM tadapi svasambandhiSu vartate na veti kalpanAyAM vRttyantaraparamparAprApteranavasthA / vRttyantarasya svasambandhiSu vRttyantarAnabhyupagamAnnAnavastheti cettAha samavAye'pi vRtyantaraM mAbhUt / atha samavAyo na svAzrayavRttiraGgIkriyate tarhi SaNNAmAzritatvamiti grantho virudhyate / atha samavAyiSu satsveva samavAyapratItestasyAzritatvamupalabhyate, tarhi mUrttadravyeSu satsveva digliGgasyedamataH pUrveNa ityAdi - jJAnasya, kAlaliGgasya ca parAparAdipratyayasya sadbhAvAttayorapi tadAzritatvaM syAt / tathA cAyuktametadanyatra nityadravyebhya iti / kiJca samavAyasyAnAzritatve sambandharUpataiva na ghaTate / tathA ca prayogaH -- samavAyo na sambandhaH; anAzritatvAddigAdivaditi / atra samavAyasya dharmiNaH kathaJcittAdAtmyarUpasyAne kasya ca paraH vAlA hai yadi yaha mAnoM to Apa logoM meM samavAya meM samavAyoM ko nahIM mAnA hai / Apake yahA~ kahA gayA hai ki dravya, guNa, karma, sAmAnya aura vizeSa ina pA~ca padArthoM meM hI samavAya sambandha hotA hai / sambandha se sambandha vAlA hai, aisI kalpanA karane para vaha sambandha bhI apane sambandhiyoM meM hai athavA nahIM hai, isa prakAra kI kalpanA hone para anya sambandha kI paramparA prApta hone se anavasthA doSa AtA hai / sambandha kA ( vizeSaNa vizeSya bhAva kA ) apane sambandhiyoM meM ( daNDadaNDa meM ) sambandhAntara svIkAra na karane se anavasthA nahIM AtI hai, yadi Apa aisA kahate haiM to hamArA kahanA hai ki samavAya meM sambandhAntara na ho / yadi Apa loga ( naiyAyika ) kaheM ki samavAya ko svAzraya ( tantu parAzraya ) vRtti aMgIkAra nahIM karate haiM to chaha padArthoM ke AzritapanA hai, yaha ApakA grantha virodha ko prApta hotA hai / anya anya yoga - samavAyiyoM ke hone para samavAya kI pratIti hotI hai ataH samavAya ke Azritapane kI prApti hotI hai / jaina - to mUrta dravyoM ke hone para hI dizA rUpa dravya kA liMga jo yaha isase pUrva meM hai ityAdi jJAna ke aura kAla dravya kA liMga jo para aparAdi pratyaya kA sadbhAva hai usake pAe jAne se dizA aura kAla ko bhI mUrta dravyoM ke Azrita mAnanA pdd'egaa| aisA hone para 'nitya dravyoM ko chor3akara ', aisA sUtra kahanA ayukta hI hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki samavAya ke anAzritapanA mAnane para sambandharUpatA hI ghaTita nahIM hotI hai / - vacanAtmaka anumAna prayoga isa prakAra hai samavAya sambandha nahIM hai; kyoMki vaha dizA Adi ke samAna anAzrita hai / yahA~ para samavAya rUpa dharmI ke kathaJcit tAdAtmya aura aneka hone
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________________ prameya ratnamAlAyAM pratipannatvAddhamiMgrAhaka pramANabAdhA AzrayAsiddhizca na vAcyeti / tasyA''zritatve - SSyetadabhidhIyate na samavAya ekaH sambandhAtmakatve satyAzritatvAt saMyogavat sattayA'nekAnta iti sambandha vizeSaNam / 180 atha saMyoge nibiDa zithilAdipratyayanAnAtvAnnAnAtvaM nAnyatra viparyayAditi cenna, samavAye'pyutpattimattvanazva ratva pratyayanAnAtvasya sulabhatvAt / sambandhibhedAd-bhedo'nyatrApi samAna iti naikatraiva paryanuyogo yuktaH / tasmAtsamavAyasya paraparikalpitasya vicArAsahatvAnna tadvazAd guNaguNyAdiSvabhedapratItiH / atha bhinnaprati-bhAsAdavayavAvayavyAdInAM bheda eveti cenna bhedapratibhAsasyA bhedAvirodhAt / ghaTa kI jainoM kI svIkRti hone para dharmI ko grahaNa karane pramANa se bAdhA aura AzrayAsiddha nahIM kahanA cAhie / ( samavAya hai; kyoMki samavAyiyoM meM hone para hI samavAya kI pratIti hotI hai, isa pramANa se jo bAdhA hotI hai| usase, jainamata meM samavAya rUpa dharmI ke aMgIkAra na kie jAne se AzrayAsiddhi hai, aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie / yadyapi hama Apake dvArA kahe hue lakSaNa vAle samavAya ko svIkAra nahIM karate, kintu kathaJcit tAdAtmya rUpa ko svIkAra karate haiM, ataH AzrayAsiddhi nahIM hai ) / samavAya ke AzritapanA svIkAra karane para bhI yaha doSa kahA jA sakatA hai ki samavAya eka nahIM hai; kyoMki sambandhAtmakatA hone para bhI AzritapanA pAyA jAtA hai / sattA ke dvArA vyabhicAra doSa AtA hai, ataH usake nivAraNa ke lie sambandhAtmakapanA hone para, yaha vizeSaNa diyA hai / yoga - saMyoga meM, yaha saghana saMyoga hai, yaha zithila saMyoga hai, ityAdi nAnA prakAra kI pratIti hone se nAnApanA pAyA jAtA hai, kintu samavAya meM yaha nAnApana nahIM pAyA jAtA hai; kyoMki vaha saMyoga se viparIta hai ( kyoMki samavAya meM niviDa, zithila Adi nAnA prakAra kI pratItiyoM kA abhAva hai ) / jaina - aisA kahanA ThIka nahIM hai / samavAya meM bhI utpattimatva, vizvaratva Adi nAnA prakAra ke dharmoM kI pratIti sulabha hai / yadi kahA jAya ki sambandhI ke bheda se samavAya meM nAnApana kA bheda pratIta hotA hai to jo samavAya nahIM hai, usameM bhI yaha nAnApana samAna hai, ataH eka jagaha ( saMyoga ke viSaya meM ) prazna karanA yukta nahIM hai / ataH yaugoM ke dvArA kalpita samavAya vicAra ko sahana nahIM kara pAtA hai / ataeva usa samavAya ke vaza se guNa-guNI Adi meM abheda kI pratIti nahIM ho sakatI hai| bhinna pratibhAsa hone se avayava avayavI Adi meM bheda hI hai, to aisA
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________________ 181 caturthaH samudezaH paTAdInAmapi kathaJcidbhedopapatteH, sarvathA pratibhAsabhedasyAsiddhezca; idamityAdyabhedapratibhAsasyApi bhAvAt / tataH kathaJcid bhedAbhedAtmakaM dravyaparyAyAtmakaM sAmAnyavizeSAtmakaM ca tattvaM tIrAdarzizakuninyAyenA''yAtamityalamatiprasaGgena / idAnImanekAntAtmakavastusamarthanArthameva hetudvayamAha anuvRttavyAvRttapratyayagocaratvAtpUrvottarAkAraparihArAvAptisthitilakSaNapariNAmenArthakriyopapattazca // 2 // ___ anuvRttAkAro hi gorgIrityAdipratyayaH / vyAvRttAkAraH zyAmaH zabala ityAdipratyayaH / tayorgocarastasya bhAvastattvam, tasmAt / etena tiryakasAmAnyavyatirekalakSaNavizeSadvayAtmakaM vastu sAdhitam / pUrvottarAkArayoyaMthAsaGkhyena parihArAvAptI, tAbhyAM sthitiH saiva lakSaNaM yasya, sa cAsau pariNAmazca, tenArthakriyopapattazcetyanena kahanA ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki bheda rUpa pratibhAsa kA abheda rUpa pratibhAsa ke sAtha koI virodha nahIM hai| ghaTa paTAdi meM bhI kathaJcit bheda ThIka hai sarvathA pratibhAsa bheda kI asiddhi hai| yaha sat hai', ityAdi abheda pratibhAsa bhI pAyA jAtA hai| ataH kathaJcit bhedAbhedAtmaka, dravyaparyAyAtmaka, aura sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka hI tattva hai| jaise jise tIra dikhAI nahIM de rahA hai aise pUruSa ko pakSI daSTigocara haa| usa pakSI kA tIra hI Azraya hai, aisA bodha usa puruSa ko apane Apa ho jAtA hai, isI nyAya se vastu anekAntAtmaka siddha ho jAtI hai| isa prasaMga meM adhika kahane se bs| aba anekAntAtmaka vastu ke samarthana ke lie hI do hetu kahate haiM sUtrArtha-vastu anekAntAtmaka hai; kyoMki vaha anuvRtta aura vyAvRtta pratyaya kI viSaya hai| tathA pUrva AkAra kA parihAra aura uttara AkAra kI prApti tathA sthitilakSaNa pariNAma ke sAtha usameM arthakriyA pAyI jAtI hai // 2 // yaha gau hai, yaha bhI gau hai, yaha bhI gau hai, ityAdi pratIti ko anuvatta pratyaya kahate haiN| yaha zyAma varNa kI hai, yaha zabala hai ityAdi vyAvRtta pratyaya hai| ina do prakAra ke pratyayoM kA viSaya honA, usake bhAva ko tatva kahate haiN| usase tattva anekAntAtmaka siddha hotA hai| isa kathana se tiryak sAmAnya aura vyatireka lakSaNa vizeSa, isa prakAra dvayAtmaka vastu siddha hotI hai| pUrvAkAra aura uttarAkAra ina donoM padoM kA yathAkrama se parihAra aura avApti ina donoM padoM ke sAtha sambandha karanA cAhie /
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________________ 182 prameyaratnamAlAyAM tUrkhatAsAmAnyaparyAyAkhyaM vizeSadvayarUpaM vastu samathitaM bhavati / atha prathamoddiSTasAmAnyabhedaM darzayannAha sAmAnyaM dvadhA tiryagUlatAbhedAt // 3 // prathamabhedaM sodAharaNamAha sadRzapariNAmastiryak, khaNDamuNDAdiSu gotvavat // 4 // nityakarUpasya gotvAdeH kramayogapadyAbhyAmarthakriyAvirodhAt-pratyekaM parisamAptyA vyaktiSu vRttyayogAccAnekaM sadRzapariNAmAtmakameveti tiryaksAmAnyamuktam / dvitIyabhedamapi sadRSTAntamupadarzayatiparAparavivartavyApi dravyamUrdhvatA mudiva sthAsAdiSu / / 5 // sAmAnyamiti vartate / tenAyamarthaH-UrdhvatAsAmAnyaM bhavati / kiM tat ? ina donoM ke sAtha jo sthiti hai, vahI lakSaNa jisa pariNAma kA hai, usa pariNAma se arthakriyA bana jAtI hai| isa hetu se UrdhvatA sAmAnya aura vizeSa rUpa vastu kA samarthana hotA hai / aba pahale jisakA kathana kiyA hai, aise sAmAnya ke bheda ko dikhalAte hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha-sAmAnya do prakAra kA hai-1. tiryak sAmAnya aura 2. UrdhvatA sAmAnya // 3 // pahale bheda ke viSaya meM udAharaNapUrvaka kahate haiM sUtrArtha-sadRza pariNAma ko tiryak sAmAnya kahate haiN| jaise khaNDI, muNDI Adi meM gopanA / / 4 / / nitya aura eka rUpa gotva Adi ke krama aura yogapadya se arthakriyA kA virodha hai| tathA eka sAmAnya ke eka vyakti meM sAkalya rUpa se rahane para anya vyaktiyoM meM rahanA sambhava nahIM hai| ataH aneka aura sadRza pariNAma hI sAmAnya hai| isa prakAra tiryak sAmAnya kA svarUpa khaa| sAmAnya ke dUsare bheda ko bhI dRSTAnta ke sAtha dikhalAte haiM sUtrArtha-pUrva aura uttara paryAyoM meM rahane vAle dravya ko UrdhvatA sAmAnya kahate haiM, jaise sthAsAdi meM miTTI rahatI hai / / 5 / / yahA~ para sAmAnya pada kI anuvRtti hotI hai| usase yaha artha hotA hai ki yaha UrdhvatA sAmAnya hai| vaha kyA vastu hai ? dravya hai / vaha dravya
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________________ 183 caturthaH samuddezaH dravyam / tadeva viziSyate parAparavivartavyApIti pUrvAparakAlavati trikaalaanuyaayotyrthH| citrajJAnasyaikasya yugapadbhAvya nekasvagatanIlAdyAkAravyAptivadekasya kramabhAvipariNAma vyApitvamityarthaH / vizeSasyApi dvaividhyamupadarzayati vizeSazca // 6 // dvedhetyadhikriyamANenAbhisambandhaH / paryAyavyatirekabhedAt // 7 // tadeva pratipAdayatiprathamavizeSabhedamAha ekasmin dravye kramabhAvinaH pariNAmAH paryAyA Atmani harSaviSAdAdivat // 8 // atrAtmadravyaM svadehapramitimAtrameva, na vyApakam, nApi vaTakaNikAmAtram / na ca kAyAkArapariNatabhUtakadambakamiti / parAparavivartavyapi' isa vizeSaNa se viziSTa hai| parAparavivartavyApi isa pada kA artha hai-pUrvAparakAlavati yA trikAla anuyaayii| jaise eka citra jJAna eka sAtha hone vAle apane antargata aneka nIla-pItAdi AkAroM meM vyApta rahatA hai, usI prakAra UrdhvatAsAmAnya rUpa dravya kAla krama se hone vAlI paryAyoM meM vyApta hokara rahatA hai| vizeSa bhI do prakAra kA hai, yaha dikhalAte haiM sUtrArtha-vizeSa bhI do prakAra kA hai // 6 // dvedhA, isa pada kA adhikAra se sambandha kiyA gayA hai| sUtrArtha-paryAya aura vyatireka ke bheda se vizeSa do prakAra kA hai // 7 // vizeSa ke prathama bheda ko kahate haiM sUtrArtha-eka dravya meM krama se hone vAle pariNAmoM ko paryAya kahate haiM / jaise-AtmA meM harSa viSAdAdika // 8 // __yahA~ para Atma dravya apane zarIra ke pramANa mAtra hI hai, na vyApaka hai aura na vaTakaNikA mAtra hai aura na zarIrAkAra se pariNata bhUtoM ke samudAya rUpa hai| vizeSa-jJAna, sukha, vIrya, darzana Adi cUMki AtmA ke sahabhAvI haiM,
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________________ 184 prameyaratnamAlAyAM tatra vyApakatve pareSAmanumAnam - AtmA vyApakaH, dravyatve satyamUrtta tvAdAkAzavaditi / tatra yadi rUpAdilakSaNaM mUrttatvaM tatpratiSedho'mUrttatvam, tadA manasA'nekAntaH / athAsarva gatadravyaparimANaM mUrttatvam, tanniSedhastathA cetparamprati sAvyasamo hetuH / yaccAmaramanumAnam - AtmA vyApakaH, aNuparimANAnadhikaraNatve sati nityadravyatvAdAkAzavaditi / I tadapi na sAdhu sAdhanam / aNuparimANAnadhikaraNatvamityatra kimayaM naJarthaH paryudAsaH prasajyo vA bhavet ? tatrAdyapakSe aNuparimANa pratiSedhena mahAparimANamavAuntara parimANaM parimANamAtraM vA / mahAparimANaM cetsAdhyasamo hetuH / avAntara ataH guNa haiM, kramabhAvi hone se ve paryAya hote haiM; kyoMki vastu anekadharmAtmaka hai / maiM sukhI hU~, maiM dukhI hU~, meM ghaTa Adi ko jAnatA hU~, isa prakAra maiM kI pratIti se apane deha meM AtmA sukhAdi svabhAva rUpa se pratIta hotI hai, para sambandhI dehAntara meM yA antarAla meM nahIM pratIta hotI hai / vyApakatva kI kalpanA karane para AtmA saba jagaha dikhAI denA cAhie aura bhojanAdi ke vyavahAra kA saMkara bhI ho jAyagA; kyoMki eka AtmA kA samasta AtmAoM se sambandha ho jAyagA / samasta zarIra meM sukhAdi kI pratIti se virodha ke kAraNa AtmA vaTakaNikA mAtra bhI nahIM hai / cArvAka loga aisA mAnate haiM ki pRthvI, jala, teja, vAyurUpa bhUtoM kA samudAya AtmA hai, kintu bhUtoM kA samudAya acetana hai, ataH usase cetana kI utpatti meM virodha AtA hai / AtmA ke vyApakapane ke viSaya meM yogoM kA anumAna hai-AtmA vyApaka hai; kyoMki usameM dravyapanA hone para bhI vaha amUrta hai, AkAza ke samAna | dravyatva hone para amUrta hone ke kAraNa, aisA sAdhana karane para yadi rUpAdilakSaNa mUrttatva hai aura rUpAdilakSaNa kA pratiSedha amUrttatva hai to Apake hetu meM mana se vyabhicAra AtA hai / yadi kaheM ki asarvagata ( avyApaka ) dravyaparimANa kA nAma mUrttatva hai aura usake niSedha ko amUrttatva kahate haiM to ApakA hetu para ke prati ( jainoM ke prati ) sAdhyasama ho jAtA hai / aura jo ApakA dUsarA anumAna hai ki AtmA vyApaka hai; kyoMki aNuparimANa adhikaraNa vAlA na hokara nitya dravya hai, jaise AkAza / yaha hetu bhI ThIka nahIM hai / Apane jo aNuparimANAnadhikaraNatva hetu diyA hai, jo yaha natrartha hai, vaha paryudAsa rUpa hai yA prasajya rUpa hai ? paryudAsa rUpa prathama pakSa hai, usameM aNuparimANa ke pratiSedha se mahAparimANa abhISTa hai athavA avAntara parimANa ( madhyaparimANa ) abhISTa hai athavA
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________________ 185 caturthaH samuddezaH parimANaM ced viruddho hetuH, avAntaraparimANAdhikaraNatvaM hyavyApakatvameva sAdhayatIti / parimANamAtra cet tatparimANasAmAnyamaGgIkartavyam / tathA cANuparimANapratiSedhena parimANasAmAnyAdhikaraNatvamAtmana ityuktam / taccAnupapannam, vyadhikaraNAsiddhiprasaGgAt / na hi parimANa sAmAnyamAtmani vyavasthitam, kintu parimANavyaktiSveveti / na cAvAntaramahAparimANadvayAdhAratayA''tmanyapratipanne parimANamAtrAdhikaraNatA tatra nizcetu zakyA / ___ dRSTAntazca sAdhana vikalaH, AkAzasya mahAparimANAdhikaraNasya parimANamAtrAdhikaraNatvAyogAt / nityadravyatvaM ca sarvathA'siddham, nityasya kramAkramAbhyAmarthakriyAvirodhAditi / prasajyapakSe'pi tucchAbhAvasya grahaNopAyAsambhavAt na vizeSaNatvam / na cAgRhItavizeSaNaM nAma; 'na cAgRhItavizeSaNA vizeSye buddhiH' . parimANamAtra abhISTa hai| yadi mahAparimANa mAneM to hetu sAdhya sama hotA hai / ( mahAparimANa kA artha yadi vyApakapanA mAno to anumAna isa prakAra hogA-AtmA vyApaka hai, vyApakapane ke kaarnn| jaise zabda anitya hai, anityatyatva hote hue bAhya ndriya pratyakSa ke kaarnn| yahA~ hetu sAdhyasama hai / isI prakAra prakRta meM bhI jAnanA cAhiye ) / yadi avAntaraparimANa mAneM to hetu viruddha hogaa| avAntaraparimANAdhikaraNapanA avyApakapane ko ho siddha karatA hai| yadi parimANamAtra rUpa kaheM to parimANa sAmAnya hI aGgIkAra karanA cAhiye / isa prakAra se aNuparimANa ke pratiSedha dvArA AtmA ke parimANasAmAnya kA adhikaraNapanA hai, aisA kahanA siddha hotA hai, kintu yaha Thoka nahIM hai| aisA mAnane para to vyadhikaraNa siddhi kA prasaMga A jaayegaa| parimANasAmAnya AtmA meM vyavasthita nahIM hai, kintu parimANavizeSoM meM hI vyavasthita hai| aura avAntaraparimANa tathA mahAparimANa ina donoM ke AdhAra rUpa se AtmA ke anizcita rahane para parimANamAtra ko adhikaraNatA bhI AttA meM nizcita nahIM kI jA sakatI hai| ___ ApakA AkAza rUpa dRSTAnta sAdhvavikala hai; kyoMki AkAza mahAparimANa kA adhikaraNa hai, ataH vaha parimANamAtra kA adhikaraNa nahIM ho sakatA hai| hetu meM nityadravyatva rUpa jo vizeSya pada diyA hai, vaha nityadravyatva sarvathA asiddha hai; kyoMki nitya padArtha ke krama aura akrama se - arthakriyA kA virodha hai / prasajya pakSa ko mAnane para bhI tuccha abhAva ke grahaga karane kA upAya sambhava na hone se vizeSaNapanA nahIM bana sakatA hai|
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________________ 186 prameyaratnamAlAyAM iti vacanAt / na pratyakSaM tad-grahaNopAyaH, sambandhAbhAvAt / indriyArthasannikarSajaM hi pratyakSaM tanmate prasiddham / vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAvakalpanAyAmabhAvasya nAgRhItasya vizeSaNatvamiti tadeva dUSaNam / tasmAnna vyApakamAtmadravyam / nApi vaTakaNikAmAtram, kamanIyakAntAkucajaghanasaMsparzakAle pratilomakUpamAlhAdanAkArasya sukhasyAnubhavAt / anyathA sarvAGgINaromAJcAdikAryodayAyogAt / AzuvRttyA''lAtacakravatkrameNaiva tatsukhamityanupapannam, parAparAntaHkaraNasambandhasya tatkAraNasya parikalpanAyAM vyavadhAnaprasaGgAt / anyathA sukhasya mAnasapratyakSatvAyogAditi / nApi pRthivyAdicatuSTayAtmakatvamAtmanaH sambhAvyate, acetanebhyazcaitanyotpattyayogAd dhAraNeraNa'dravoSNatA lakSaNAnvayAbhAvAcca / tadarhajAtabAlakasya stanAdA jo agrahIta hai, vaha vizeSaNa nahIM ho sakatA hai| vizeSaNa ke nahIM grahaNa karane para vizeSya meM buddhi nahIM hotI hai, aisA nyAya kA vacana hai| pratyakSa se tuccha abhAva ke grahaNa karane kA upAya nahIM hai; kyoMki donoM meM sambandha kA abhAva hai| yogoM ke mata meM indriya aura padArtha ke sannikarSa se utpanna pratyakSa prasiddha hai| vizeSaNa vizeSya bhAva kI kalpanA karane para abhAva jaba taka grahaNa na kara liyA jAya, jaba taka vizeSaNapanA nahIM bana sakatA, isa prakAra vahI doSa yahA~ prApta hotA hai| ataH Atmadravya. vyApaka nahIM hai| AtmA vaTakaNikAmAtra bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki sundara strI ke stana aura jaghana ke sparza ke kAla meM pratyeka romakUpa meM AhlAda utpanna karane vAle sukha kA anubhava hotA hai / anyathA samasta aMgoM meM romAJcAdi nahIM honA cAhiye / zIghratA ke kAraNa alAtacakra ke samAna vaha sukha krama se hI hai, yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki sukha ke kAraNa svarUpa antaHkaraNa ke naye-naye sambandha kI kalpanA karane para sukha ke vyavadhAna kA prasaMga AtA hai / anyathA sukha kI mAnasapratyakSatA nahIM hogii| ___AtmA ke pRthivyAdicatuSTayarUpa hone kI bhI sambhAvanA nahIM hai| acetanoM se caitanya kI utpatti nahIM ho sakatI hai| dhAraNa, IraNa, drava aura uSNatA lakSaNa svabhAva vAle jo kramazaH pRthivI, vAyu, jala, agni haiM, unakA caitanya ke sAtha anvaya nahIM hai| tatkAlIna utpanna hue zizu ke 1. dhAraNalakSaNA pRthivii| 3. dravalakSaNaM jalam / 2. IraNalakSaNo vaayuH| 4. uSNatAlakSaNo'gniH /
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________________ caturthaH samudezaH 187 vabhilASAbhAvaprasaGgAcca / abhilASo hi pratyabhijJAne bhavati, tacca smaraNe, smaraNaM cAnubhave bhavatoti pUrvAnubhavaH siddhaH / madhyadazAyAM tathaiva vyaapteH| mRtAnAM rakSoyakSAdikuleSu svayamutpannatvena kathayatAM darzanAt, keSAJcid, bhavasmRterupalambhAccAnAdizcetanaH siddha eva / tathA coktam tadaharjastanehAto rakSodRSTerbhavasmRteH / bhUtAnanvayanAtsiddhaH prakRtijJaH sanAtanaH // 40 // iti na ca svadehapramitirAtmetyatrApi pramANAbhAvAt sarvatra saMzaya iti vaktavyam; tatrAnumAnasya sadbhAvAt / tathAhi- devadattAtmA tadeha eva; tatra sarvatraiva ca vidyate, tatraiva tatra sarvatraiva ca svAsAdhAraNaguNAdhAratayopalambhAt / yo yatraiva yatra stanapAna kI jo abhilASA hotI hai, usake bhI abhAva kA prasaMga A jAyagA / abhilASA pratyabhijJAna hone para hotI hai, pratyabhijJAna smaraNa hone para hotA hai, smaraNa anubhava hone para hotA hai, isa prakAra pUrvAnubhava siddha hai| madhyadazA meM bhI usI prakAra se abhilASA Adi kI vyApti siddha hI hai| ( caitanya kI abhilASA kA kAraNa pratyabhijJAna hai, vaha smaraNapUrvaka hotA hai, smaraNa pUrvAnubhava hone para hotA hai, isa prakAra ko vyApti siddha hai| mata vyakti, rAkSasa, yakSa Adi ke kUloM meM svayaM utpanna hone kA kathana karate hae dekhe jAte haiM, pUrvajanma kI smRti kI prApti se bhI cetana siddha hI hai / jaisA ki kahA gayA hai zlokArtha-tatkAla utpanna bAlaka ke stanapAna kI icchA se, rAkSasAdi ke dekhane se, pUrvajanma kI smRti se aura pRthivI AdibhUta catuSTaya ke anvaya kA abhAva pAyA jAne se svabhAva se jJAtA aura dravya rUpa se nitya AtmA siddha hai / / 40 // AtmA svadeha parimANa hai, isa viSaya meM pramANa kA abhAva hone se saba jagaha saMzaya hai| aisA nahIM kahanA cAhiye; kyoMki isa viSaya meM anumAna kA sadbhAva hai| isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM--devadatta kA AtmA usake deha meM hI hai aura usake saba pradezoM meM hI vidyamAna hai| kyoMki yaha usake zarIra meM aura saba pradezoM meM hI apane asAdhAraNa guNoM ke AdhAra rUpa se upalabdha hotA hai| jo jahA~ para aura jahA~ saba jagaha apane asAdhAraNa guNoM ke AdhAra rUpa se pAyA jAtA hai, vaha vahA~ para aura vahA~ ke saba pradezoM meM hI vidyamAna hai| jaise devadatta ke ghara meM aura usake sarvabhAga meM apane asAdhAraNa bhAsuratva Adi guNa vAlA pradIpa pAyA
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________________ 288 prameyaratnamAlAyAM sarvatraiva ca svAsAdhAraNaguNAdhAratayopalabhyate sa tatraiva tatra sarvazreva ca vidyate; yathA devadattagRhe eva tatra sarvatraiva copalabhyamAnaH svAsAdhAraNabhAsuratvAdiguNaH pradIpaH / tathA cAyam / tasmAttatheti / tadasAdhAraNaguNA jJAnadarzanasukhavIryalakSaNAste ca sarvAGgINAstatraiva copalabhyante / sukhamAlhAdanAkAraM vijJAnaM meyabodhanam / zaktiH kriyAnumeyA syAnaH kAntAsamAgame // 41 // iti vacanAt / tasmAdAtmA dehapramitireva sthitaH / dvitIyaM vizeSabhedamAhaarthAntaragato visadRzapariNAmo vyatireko gomahiSAdivat // 9 vaisAdRzyaM hi pratiyogigrahaNe satyeva bhavati / na cApekSikatvAdasyAvastutvam; avastunyApekSikattvAyogAt / apekSAyA vastu-niSThatvAt / jAtA hai / usI prakAra deha meM aura usake saba pradezoM meM apane asAdhAraNa guNa ke AdhAra vAlA devadatta kA AtmA hai, isaliye vaha usake zarIra pramANa hI hai (jisa prakAra dIpaka ke pradezoM meM saMkoca aura vistAra kI zakti pAyI jAtI hai, usI prakAra AtmA ke pradezoM meM bhI zarIra ke anusAra saGkoca, vistAra ho jAtA hai ) / AtmA ke asAdhAraNa guNajJAna, darzana, sukha, vIrya lakSaNa vAle guNa AtmA meM ho pAye jAte haiN| zlokArtha-yuvA puruSa ke priyA ke sAtha samAgama karane para AlAda yA Ananda rUpa AkAra vAle sukha kA, jJeya padArtha ke jAnane rUpa vijJAna kA aura ramaNa rUpa kiyA se zakti kA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai / / 41 // aisA vacana hai| isa anumAna kI sAmarthya se AtmA dehArimANa hI sthita hai| vizeSa ke dUsare bheda ko kahate haiM sUtrArtha-eka padArtha kI apekSA anya padArtha meM rahane vAle visadRza pariNAma ko vyatireka kahate haiN| jaise-gAya, bhaiMsa Adi meM vilakSaNapanA pAyA jAtA hai // 9 // vaisA dRzya pratipakSI ke grahaNa karane para hI hotA hai| ApekSika hone se isa visadRzatA ko avastu nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki avastu meM ApekSikapane kA ayoga hai| apekSA vastu meM pAyI jAtI hai| .
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________________ caturthaH samuddezaH syAtkAralAJchita mabAdhyamanantadharma sandohavamitamazeSamapi prameyam / devaiH pramANabalato niracAyi yacca saMkSiptameva munibhirvivRtaM mayaitat // 10 // iti parIkSAmukhasya laghuvRttI viSayasamuddezazca turthaH / zlokArtha - syAt para se lAJchita, abAdhya, ananta dharmoM ke samUha se saMyukta samasta prameya ko akalaMkadeva ne pramANa ke bala se kahA aura jisa prameya ko mANikyanandi deva ne saMkSepa se racA, use hI mukta anantavIrya ne vRtti rUpa se kahA hai // 10 // isa prakAra parIkSAmukha kI laghuvRtti meM pramANa ke viSaya kA kathana vAlA caturtha samuddeza samApta huA / 189.
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________________ paJcamaH samuddezaH athedAnI phalavipratipattinirAsArthamAha__ ajJAnanivRttiAnopAdAnopekSAzca phalam // 1 // dvividhaM hi phalaM sAkSAtpAramparyeNeti / sAkSAdajJAnanivRttiH pAramparyeNa hAnAdikamiti; prameyanizcayottarakAlabhAvitvAttasyeti / tadvividhamapi phalaM pramANAdbhinnameveti yaugaaH| abhinnameveti saugatAH / tanmatadvayanirAsena svamataM vyavasthApayitumAha pramANAdabhinna bhinnaM ca // 2 // kathaJcidabhedasamarthanArthaM hetumAha yaH pramimIte sa eva nivRttAjJAno jahAtyAdatta upekSate ceti pratIteH // 3 // paJcama samuddeza aba ( pramANa ke ) phala ke viSaya meM vivAda kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie kahate haiM sUtrArtha-ajJAna kI nivRtti, hala, upAdAna aura upekSA ye (pramANa ke) phala haiM // 1 // - phala do prakAra kA hotA hai-sAkSAtphala aura pAramparyaphala / pramANa kA sAkSAt phala ajJAna kI nivRtti karanA hai, pAramparyaphala hAna Adika haiN| kyoMki vaha prameya ke nizcaya karane ke uttarakAla meM hotA hai| __yaha donoM hI prakAra kA phala pramANa se bhinna hI hai, aisA yoga kahate haiN| pramANa se phala abhinna hI hai, aisA bauddha loga kahate haiN| ina donoM matoM ke nirAkaraNa ke sAtha apane mata ko vyavasthA karane ke lie AcArya kahate haiM satrArtha-phala pramANa se kathaJcit abhinna hai aura kathaJcit bhinna hai // 2 // kathaJcit abheda kA samarthana karane ke lie hetu kahate haiM sUtrArtha-jo ( jAnane vAlA) pramANa se padArtha ko jAnatA hai, usI kA ajJAna nivRtta hotA hai, vahI abhipreta prayojana ke aprasAdhaka padArtha
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________________ paJcamaH samuddezaH 191 ayamarthaH-yasyaivAtmanaH pramANAkAreNa pariNatistasyaiva phalarUpatayA pariNAma ityekapramAtrapekSayA pramANaphalayorabhedaH / karaNakriyApariNAmabhedAd bheda ityasya sAmarthyasiddhatvAnnoktam / pAramparyeNa sAkSAcca phalaM dvedhA'bhidhAyi yat / devaibhinnamabhinna ca pramANAttadihoditam / / 11 / / iti parIkSAmukhalaghuvRttau phalasamuddezaH paJcamaH / kA tyAga karatA hai, iSTa prayojana ke prasAdhaka padArtha ko grahaNa karatA hai aura iSTa tathA aniSTa prayojana kA jo prasAdhaka nahIM hai, aise (upekSaNIya) padArtha kI upekSA hai / isa prakAra pratIti se siddha hai / / 3 / / isakA yaha artha hai ki jisa ho AtmA ko pramANa ke AkAra se pariNati hotI hai, usake hI phala rUpa se pariNAma hotA hai| isa prakAra eka pramAtA kI apekSA pramANa aura phala meM abheda hai| karaNa aura kriyA rUpa pariNAma ke bheda se pramANa aura phala meM bheda hai| isa bheda kI siddhi sAmarthya hone ke kAraNa kathana nahIM kiyA hai| zlokArtha-AcArya akalaMkadeva aura mANikyanandi deva ne pramANa ke jisa phala ko sAkSAt aura pAramparya ke bheda se do prakAra kA kahA hai, vaha pramANa se kathaMcit bhinna hai, kathaMcit abhinna bhI hai / vahI yahA~ anantavIrya ke dvArA kahA gayA hai / / 11 / / isa prakAra parIkSAmukha kI laghuvRtti meM pramANa ke phala kA kathana karane vAlA pA~cavA~ samuddeza samApta huaa|
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________________ SaSThaH samuddezaH athedAnImuktapramANasvarUpAdicatuSTayAbhAsamAha tato'nyattadAbhAsam // 1 // tata uktAt pramANasvarUpasaGkhyAviSayaphalabhedAdanyadviparItaM tadAbhAsamiti / tatra kramaprApta svarUpAbhAsaM darzayatiasvasaMviditagRhItArthadarzanasaMzayAdayaH pramANAbhAsAH // 2 // asvasaMviditaJca gRhItArthazca darzanazca saMzaya AdiryeSAM te saMzayAdayazceti sarveSAM dvandvaH / Adizabdena viparyayAnadhyavasAyayorapi grahaNam / tatrAsvasaMviditaM jJAnaM jJAnAntara pratyakSa tvAditi naiyAyikAH / tathAhi-jJAnaM svavyatiriktavedanavedyam; vedyatvAt, ghaTavaditi / tadasaGgatam; dharmijJAnasya jJAnAntaravedyatve sAdhyAntaHpAtitvena dhamitvAyogAt / svasaMviditatve tenaiva hetorane SaSTha samuddeza aba Upara kahe gae pramANa ke svarUpa, saMkhyA, viSaya aura phala ina cAroM ke AbhAsoM ko kahate haiM sUtrArtha-unase bhinna tadAbhAsa hai / / 1 / / upayukta pramANa ke svarUpa, saMkhyA, viSaya aura phala se viparIta svarUpa, saMkhyA, viSaya aura phala ko tadAbhAsa kahate haiN| aba krama prApta svarUpAbhAsa ko dikhalAte haiM sUtrArtha-asvasaMvidita, gRhItArtha, darzana aura saMzayAdika pramANAbhAsa haiM / / 1 / / vizeSa--yahA~ Adi zabda se viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya bhI grahaNa karane caahie| asvasaMvidita, gRhItArtha, darzana aura saMzaya haiM Adi meM jinake, aise saMzayAdika ina sabhI kA dvandva samAsa karanA cAhie / Adi zabda se viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya kA bhI grahaNa karanA caahie| naiyAyikoM kA kahanA hai ki jJAta apane Apako nahIM jAnatA hai / isI ko spaSTa karate haiM-jJAna apane se atirikta anya jJAna ke dvArA jAnane yogya hai; kyoMki vaha prameya hai, ghar3e ke samAna / naiyAyikoM kA yaha kathana asaMgata hai; dharmI jJAna ke anya jJAna se vedyapanA mAnane para usake bhI
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________________ SaSThaH samudezaH 193 kAntAt / mahezvarajJAnena ca vyabhicArAd, vyAptijJAnenApyanekAntAdarthapratipattyayogAcca / na hi jJApakamapratyakSa jJApyaM gamayati; zabdaliGgAdInAmapi tathaiva gamakatvaprasaGgAt / anantarabhAvijJAnagrAhyatve tasyApyagRhItasya parAjJApakatvAttadanantaraM kalpanIyam / tatrApi tdnntrmitynvsthaa| tasmAnnAyaM pakSaH zreyAn / etena karaNajJAnasya parokSatvenAsvasaMviditatvaM bruvannapi momAMsakaH prayuktaH; sAdhya ke antargata ho jAne se dharmIpanA nahIM raha skegaa| yadi dharmI jJAna apane Apako jAnatA hai to usa dharmI jJAna ke dvArA hI vedyatva hetu ke anekAntanA prApta hotA hai| aura mahezvara jJAna se bhI vyabhicAra AtA hai| mahezvara kA jJAna yadi apane Apako nahIM jAnatA hai to vaha sarvajJatA rUpa nahIM hotA hai| yadi mahezvara ke jJAna ko svasaMviditi mAno to Apake mata kI hAni hotI hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki mahezvara ke jJAna meM jJAnAntaravedyatva nahIM hai, vedyatva hai, isalie usase vyabhicAra AtA hai| vyApti ke jJAna se bhI vyabhicAra AtA hai, kyoMki vyApti jJAna meM anya jJAna se vyavadhAna kA abhAva hai| (jJAna sva aura para kA prakAzaka hai, kyoMki usameM jJAnapanA hai| jaise-mahezvara kA jJAna / vaha binA kiso vyavadhAna ke artha kA prakAzaka hai athavA artha ke grahaNa karane svarUpa hai, jaise-mahezvara kA jJAna / jo svapara prakAzaka nahIM hotA hai, binA kisI vyavadhAna ke artha kA prakAzaka yA artha kA grahaNa karane vAlA nahIM hotA hai, jaise-ckssuraadi)| jo apratyakSa jJAna hotA hai, vaha jJeya artha kI jAnakArI nahIM karAtA hai, anyathA zabda aura liGga (jaise-jahA~ dhUma hai, vahA~ agni hai) Adi ke bhI svayaM apratyakSa rahate hue gamakapane kA prasaMga AtA hai| ( maiMne yaha kahA ki apratyakSa jJAna jAnakArI nahIM karAtA hai, yadi Apa yaha kaheM ki jJAna svayaM apratyakSa rahate hue padArtha kI jAnakArI karatA hai to zabda kAna se sune binA hI padArtha kI jAnakArI karAe tathA dhUpa A~khoM se dekhe binA hI agni kI jAnakArI kraae)| yadi pUrvajJAna ke anantarabhAvI jJAna ke dvArA grAhyatA bana jAtI hai to usa anantarabhAvI agrahIta jJAna ke bhI para kI ajJApakatA rahane se tadanantarabhAvI anya jJAna kI kalpanA karanI cAhie aura usake lie bhI anya tadanantarabhAvI jJAna kI kalpanA karanI cAhie, isa prakAra anavasthA doSa prApta hotA hai| ataH jJAna anya jJAna se jAnane yogya hai kyoMki prameya hai, yaha pakSa zreyaskara nahIM hai / isI kathana se jJAna kI jJAnAntaravedyatA ke nirAkaraNa se karaNa jJAna ke parokSa hone se asvasaMviditapanA kahane vAle mImAMsaka kA bhI nirA13
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM tasyApi tato'rthapratyakSatvAyogAt / atha karmatvenApratIyamAnatvAdapratyakSatve tahi phalajJAnasyApratyakSatA tata eva syAt / atha phalatvena pratibhAsanAt no cet karaNajJAnasyApi karaNatvenAvabhAsanAt pratyakSatvamastu / tasmAdarthapratipattyanyathA'nupapatteH karaNajJAnakalpanAvadarthapratyakSatvAnyathA'nupapatterjJAnasyApi pratyakSatvamastu / atha karaNasya cakSurAderapratyakSatve'pi rUpaprAkaTyAd vyabhicAra iti cenna, bhinnakartRkaraNasyaiva tadvayabhicArAt / abhinnakatR ke karaNe sati kartRpratyakSatAyAM tadabhinnasyApi karaNasya kathaJcit pratyakSatvenApratyakSatakAntavirodhAt, prakAzAtmano'pratyakSatve pradIpapratyakSatvavirodhavaditi / gRhItagrAhidhArAvAhi jJAnaM gRhItArtham, darzanaM saugatAbhimataM nirvikalpakam, karaNa ho gayA; kyoMki mImAMsaka ke bhI usa karaNa jJAna se artha kI pratyakSatA nahIM banatI hai| yadi karma rUpa se pratIta na hone se karaNajJAna ke apratyakSatA hai to isIlie hI ( kama rUpa se pratIta na hone ke kAraNa hI) phalajJAna ke bhI apratyakSatA mAnI jaay| yadi phala rUpa se pratibhAsita hone ke kAraNa phalajJAna ke parokSatA nahIM hai to karaNajJAna ke bhI karaNa rUpa se pratibhAsita hone ke kAraNa pratyakSatA mAnI jAya / isalie artha kA jJAna anyathA nahIM ho sakane se karaNajJAna kI kalpanA ke samAna artha kI pratyakSatA anyathA nahIM ho sakane se jJAna ke bhI pratyakSatA rahI Ave / yadi Apa kaheM ki karaNa cakSu Adi ke apratyakSatA hone para bhI rUpa kI prakaTatA se vyabhicAra AtA hai, to yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki bhinna kartA vAle karaNa ke ho vaha vyabhicAra doSa prApta hotA hai, kintu abhinna kartA vAle karaNa ke hone para kartA ke pratyakSa hone kI dazA meM usase abhinna karaNa ke bhI kathaJcit pratyakSa hone se apratyakSatA rUpa ekAnta kA virodha hai, jaise prakAzAtmakatA ke apratyakSa rahane para dIpaka ko pratyakSatA kA virodha hai| ( karaNajJAna pratyakSa hai, abhinna kataka hote hue pratyakSa kArya karane se / jaise dIpaka kA bhAsurAkAra ) / vizeSa-karaNa do prakAra kA hotA hai (1) vibhaktakartRka (2) avibhaktakartRka / kartA se anya vibhaktakatR kakaraNa hai, jaise devadatta pharase se kATatA hai| kartA se bhinna avibhaktakataka hai| jaise agni uSNatA se jalAto hai| yahA~ para avibhaktakartRkaraNa vivakSita hai, ataH vibhaktakartRkaraNa se vyabhicAra bhI doSa ke lie nahIM hai, yaha bhAva hai| (TippaNa) gRhItagrAhI dhArAvAhika jJAna gRhItArthapramANAbhAsa hai (yaha bhI
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________________ SaSThaH samuddezaH 195 tacca svaviSayAnupadarzakatvAdapramANam, vyavasAyasyaiva tajjanitasya tadupadarzakatvAt / atha vyavasAyastha pratyakSAkAreNAnuraktatvAt tataH pratyakSasyaiva prAmANyam, vyava - sAyastu gRhItagrAhitvAdapramANamiti / tanna subhASitam, darzanasyAvikalpakasyAnupalakSaNAt tatsadbhAvAyogAt / sadbhAve vA nIlAdAviva kSaNakSayAdAvapi tadupa - darzakatvaprasaGgAt / tatra viparItasamAropAnneti cettarhi siddhaM nIlAdI samAropavirodhigrahaNalakSaNo nizcaya iti tadAtmakameva pramANam, itarattadAbhAsamiti / saMzayAdayazca prasiddhA eva / tatra saMzaya ubhayakoTisaMsparzI sthANurvA puruSo veti parAmarzaH / viparyayaH punaratasmiMstaditi vikalpaH / vizeSAnavadhAraNamanadhya vasAyaH / pramANa nahIM hai; kyoMki isameM ajJAnanivRttilakSaNa vAle phala kA abhAva hai / aisA kahA jAtA hai ki jo pramANa hotA hai, vaha phalavAn hotA hai ) / bauddhoM dvArA mAnA gayA nirvikalpaka pratyakSa darzana nAmakA pramANAbhAsa hai / vaha darzana apane viSaya kA upadarzaka na hone se apramANa hai / darzana se utpanna nizcayAtmaka jJAna hI apane viSaya kA upadarzaka hai / bauddha - nizcaya rUpa savikalpajJAna pratyakSa ke AkAra se anurakta hai ( savikalpa pratyakSa meM sAkSAtpramANatva kA abhAva hai ) ataH nirvikalpa ke hI prAmANya hai / nizcaya rUpa savikalpa jJAna gRhItagrAhI hone ke kAraNa apramANa hai / jaina -- bauddhoM kA yaha kahanA subhASita nahIM; kyoMki vikalparahita darzana kI upalabdhi na hone se usakA sadbhAva nahIM hai / yadi sadbhAva mAna liyA jAya to nIlAdi ke samAna kSaNakSayAdi meM bhI usake upadarzakapane kA kA prasaMga AtA hai / bauddha-kSaNakSayAdi meM viparIta akSaNika kA saMzayAdi rUpa samAropa ho jAne se vaha usakA upadarzaka nahIM ho sakatA / jaina - taba to nIlAdi meM samAropa ke virodhI grahaNa lakSaNa vAlA nizcaya svIkAra kara lene se tadAtmaka arthAt vyavasAyAtmaka darzana hI pramANa hai aura jo usase bhinna hai arthAt anizcayAtmaka hai, vaha nirvi -kalpa darzana pramANAbhAsa hai / - saMzayAdika pramANAbhAsa prasiddha hI haiM / inameM saMzaya ubhayakoTisparzI parAmarza hotA hai / jaise - yaha sthANu hai yA puruSa ? jo vastu jaisI nahIM hai, usameM vaisI hone kI kalpanA karanA viparyaya hai / vizeSa ke nAma, jAti Adi kA nizcaya na kara pAnA anadhyavasAya hai /
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________________ 196 prameyaratnamAlAyAM kathameSAmasvasaMviditAdInAM tadAbhAsatetyatrA''ha svaviSayopadarzakatvAbhAvAt // 3 // gatArthametat / atra dRSTAntaM yathAkramamAhapuruSAntarapUrvArthagacchattRRNasparzasthANupuruSAdijJAnavat // 4 // puruSAntaraJca pUrvArthazca gacchattRNasparzazca sthANupuruSAdizca teSAM jJAnam, tadvat / aparaM ca sannikarSavAdinaM prati dRSTAntamAha cakrasayordravye saMyuktasamavAyavacca // 5 // ayamoM yathA cakSurasayoH saMyuktasamavAyaH sannapi na pramANam, tathA cakSurUpayorapi / tasmAdayamapi pramANAbhAsa eveti / upalakSaNametat ativyAptikathana ina asvasaMviditAdi ke pramANabhAsatA kyoM hai ? isa viSaya meM kahate sUtrArtha-kyoMki ve apane viSaya kA nizcaya nahIM karAte haiM / / 3 / / isa sUtra kA artha kahA jA cukA hai| aba yathAkrama rUpa se dRSTAnta kahate haiM sUtrArtha-asvasaMvidita jJAna pramANa nahIM hotA hai; kyoMki vaha apane viSaya kA nizcAyaka nahIM hotA hai jaise-dUsare puruSa kA jJAna / gRhItArtha jJAna pramANa nahIM hotA hai; kyoMki vaha apane viSaya kA nizcAyaka nahIM hotA hai, jaise pUrva meM jAne hue padArtha kA jJAna / nirvikalpa jJAna pramANa nahIM hotA hai; kyoMki vaha apane viSaya kA nizcAyaka nahIM hotA hai| jaise-jAte hue puruSa ke tRNa sparzAdi kA jJAna / saMzayAdi jJAna bhI pramANa nahIM hotA hai; kyoMki vaha apane viSaya kA nizcAyaka nahIM hotA hai, jaise--sthANu puruSAdi kA jJAna / (TippaNa) puruSAntaraJca pUrvArthazca gacchattRNasparzazca sthANupuruSAdizca teSAM jJAnam tadvat, sUtra meM isa prakAra dvandva samAsa kara lenA caahiye| sannikarSavAdI ke prati dUsarA dRSTAnta kahate haiMsatrArtha-dravya meM cakSu aura rasa ke saMyukta samavAya ke samAna / / 5 // ( sUtra kA ) yaha artha hai ki jisa prakAra cakSu aura rasa kA saMyukta samavAya hone para bhI pramANa nahIM hai, usI prakAra cakSu aura rUpa kA bhI saMyukta samavAya pramANa nahIM hai / ataH yaha bhI pramANAbhAsa hI hai| yaha
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________________ 197 SaSThaH samudezaH mavyAptizca, sannikarSapratyakSavAdinAM cakSuSi sannikarSasyAbhAvAt / ativyApti kA kathana upalakSaNa rUpa hai, ataH isase avyApti kA bhI grahaNa karanA caahiye| (kadAcit asambaddha upalakSaNa hai| jaise-kAka se upalakSita ghara) sannikarSa pramANa hai, isa prakAra lakSaNa ke hone para cakSu aura rasa meM saMyukta samavAya sannikarSa hai, parantu vahA~ para cakSu se rasa kA jJAna nahIM hai| ataH pramiti ke abhAva meM bhI lakSaNa kA sadbhAva hone se ativyApti hai| cakSu aura mana ke pramiti utpAdakatA hai, sannikarSapanA nahIM hai / ataH lakSya mAtra meM avyApta hone se lakSaNa kI avyApti hai| Azaya yaha hai ki jaba sannikarSa kI pramANatA karate haiM, taba cakSu aura rasa dravya meM saMyukta samavAya kI bhI pramANa tA kA prasaMga ho, isa prakAra se ativyApti hai| lakSya aura alakSya meM pAye jAne ko ativyApti kahate haiN| cakSa ke binA itara indriyoM ko sannikarSa sambandha hai, ataH avyApti hai| lakSya ke ekadeza meM pAye jAne ko avyApti kahate haiM ) / sannikarSa pratyakSavAdiyoM cakSu meM sannikarSa kA abhAva hai| ( isase asambhAvita dUSaNa ko dikhalAyA gayA hai| cakSu aprApyakArI hai| kyoMki vaha chUkara padArthoM kA jJAna nahIM karatI hai| yadi cakSa prApyakArI hotI to sparzana indriya ke samAna chue hue ( chUkara ) aJjana ko grahaNa krtii| cUMki grahaNa nahIM karatI hai ataH mana ke samAna aprApyakArI hai, aisA jAnanA caahiye| ) vizeSa-naiyAyikoM ke yahA~ sannikarSa chaH prakAra kA hotA hai-(1) saMyoga, (2) saMyukta samavAya, (3) saMyukta samaveta samavAya, (4) samavAya, (5) samaveta samavAya aura (6) vizeSya vizeSaNabhAva / unameM jaba cakSu se ghaTaviSayaka jJAna utpanna hotA hai, taba cakSu indriya aura ghaTa artha hotA hai| ina donoM kA sannikarSa saMyoga hI hotA hai; kyoMki ayutasiddhi kA abhAva hai / isI prakAra antaHkaraNa mana se jaba AtmaviSayaka jJAna hotA hai, taba mana indriya aura AtmA artha ina donoM kA sambandha saMyoga hI hotA hai| ___jaba cakSu Adi se ghaTagata rUpAdika kA grahaNa hotA hai ki ghaTa meM zyAma rUpa hai, taba cakSuH indriya aura ghaTarUpa artha hotA hai aura ina donoM kA sannikarSa saMyukta samavAya hotA hai| cakSu se saMyukta ghaTa meM rUpa kA samavAya hone se cakSu indriya aura ghaTarUpa artha kA saMyukta samavAya sannikarSa hotA hai / isI prakAra mana se AtmA meM rahane vAle sukhAdi guNoM
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________________ / 198 prameyaratnamAlAyAM atha cakSuH prAptArthaparicchedakam, vyavahitArthAprakAzakatvAt pradIpavaditi tasiddhi riti matam, tadapi na sAdhIyaH, kAcAbhrapaTalAdivyavahitArthAnAmapi cakSuSA ke grahaNa hone para yaha sannikarSa hI hotA hai / ghaTagata rUpAdi guNoM ke samAna ghaTagata parimANAdi kA grahaNa bhI saMyukta samavAya sambandha se hI hotA hai, parantu ghaTagata parimANa Adi ke grahaNa meM indriya aura artha donoM ke avayava, donoM ke avayavI, pahile kA avayava aura dUsare kA avayavI yA dUsare kA avayava aura pahile kA avayavI ina cAra ke catuSTaya sannikarSa ko bhI atirikta kAraNa mAnanA abhISTa hai; kyoMki usa catuSTaya sannikarSa ke abhAva meM parimANa Adi ke sAtha cakSuH kA saMyukta samavAya hone para bhI dUra meM padArtha ke parimANAdi kA grahaNa nahIM hotA / isalie parimANAdi ke grahaNa meM 'saMyukta samavAya' ke atirikta catuSTaya sannikarSa ko bhI kAraNa mAnanA Avazyaka hai| jaba zrotrendriya se zabda kA grahaNa hotA hai, taba zrotra indriya aura zabda artha hotA hai| ina donoM kA sambandha samavAya hI hai; kyoMki karNa zaSkulI se ghirA huA AkAza zrotra hai| isalie zrotra ke AkAza rUpa hone se aura zabda ke AkAza kA guNa hone tathA guNa-guNI kA samavAya sambandha hone se zrotra ke zabda kA grahaNa samavAya sambandha se hotA hai / jaba zabda meM samavAya sambandha se rahane vAle zabdatva Adi sAmAnya kA zrotrendriya se grahaNa hotA hai, taba zrotra indriya aura zabdatva Adi sAmAnya artha hai| ina donoM kA sannikarSa samaveta samavAya hI hotA hai / zrotra meM samavAya sambandha se rahane vAle zabda meM zabdatva jAti kA samavAya hone se zrotrendriya se zabdatva jAti kA grahaNa samaveta samavAya sambandha se hI hotA hai| jaba cakSu se saMyukta bhUtala meM 'isa bhUtala meM ghaTa kA abhAva hai,' isa prakAra ghaTAbhAva kA grahaNa hotA hai, taba vizeSya vizeSaNabhAva sambandha hotA hai| taba cakSu se saMyukta bhUtala kA ghaTAbhAva vizeSaNa hotA hai aura bhUtala vizeSya hotA hai| __ yadi kahA jAya ki cakSu prApta karake padArtha kA nizcaya karAne vAlI hai, kintu anya padArtha ke vyavadhAna ke kAraNa vaha apane viSayabhUta padArtha kA prakAzana nahIM kara pAtI hai| jaise dIpaka / isa prakAra cakSu kI prApyakAritA siddha hotI hai| to aisA kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki kAca
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________________ SaSThaH samuddezaH 199 prtibhaasnaaddhetorsiddhH| zAkhAcandramasorekakAladarzanAnupapattiprasaktezca / na ca tatra krame'pi yaugapadyAbhimAna iti vaktavyam, kaalvyvdhaanaanuplbdhH| kiJcakramapratipattiH prAptinizcaye sati bhavati / na ca kramaprAptau pramANAntaramasti / taijasatvamastIti cenna; tasyA siddheH / atha cakSustaijasam; rUpAdInAM madhye rUpasyaiva prakAzakatvAt, pradIpavaditi / tadapyaparyAlocitAbhidhAnam,maNyaJjanAdeH pArthivatve'pi rUpaprakAzakatvadarzanAt / pRthivyAdirUpaprakAzaka tve pRthivyAdhArabdhatvaprasaGgAcca / tasmAtsannikarSasyAvyApakatvAnna pramANatvam, karaNajJAnena vyavadhAnAcceti / aura bAdala ke samUha Adi se vyavadhAna ko prApta bhI padArthoM kA cakSu indriya se pratibhAsa hotA hai, ataH ApakA hetu asiddha hai| tathA zAkhA aura candramA ke eka hI samaya meM darzana nahIM hone kA prasaMga AtA hai| zAkhA aura candramA ke eka kAla meM grahaNa karane meM krama hone para bhI eka sAtha grahaNa hone kA abhimAna hotA hai aisA bhI nahIM kahanA cAhie; kyoMki zAkhA aura candramA ke eka sAtha grahaNa karane para kAla kA vyavadhAna upalabdha nahIM hotA hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki krama kA jJAna krama kI upalabdhi kA nizcaya hone para hI ho sakatA hai| krama kI prApti meM anya koI pramANa bhI nahIM hai| yadi kahA jAya ki krama prApti ke nizcaya meM tejasatva pramANa hai arthAt cakSu prApta artha kI prakAzaka hai, taijasa hone ke kAraNa se cakSu ke tejodravya hone se krama se ho zAkhA aura candramA kI prApti haiM, to aisA kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki cakSu ke taijasapanA asiddha hai| ( cakSu ataijasa hai; kyoMki usameM bhAsuratA nahIM pAyI jAtI hai, isa hetu se cakSu kA taijasapanA asiddha hai| yadi Apa kaheM ki cakSa taijasa hai; kyoMki vaha rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza ke madhya meM rUpa ko hI prakAzaka hai| jaise dIpaka rUpa kA hI prakAzaka hai| ApakA yaha binA vicAra kie kiyA gayA kathana hai; kyoMki maNi aura aJjana Adi ke pArthivapanA hone para bhI rUpa kA prakAzakapanA dekhA jAtA hai| pRthivI Adi ke rUpa kA prakAzaka hone para usake pRthivI Adi se Arabdha hone kA prasaMga AtA hai| isalie sannikarSa ke avyApakatA hone se pramANatA nahIM hai / aura karaNajJAna se vyavadhAna bhI hai| pramANa kI utpatti meM sannikarSa kA karaNa jJAna se vyavadhAna hai| jo sAdhakatama hotA hai, vaha karaNa hotA hai, isa niyama se sAdhakatama karaNa jJAna hI hai, sannikarpa nahIM hai| (yahA~ taka sAmAnya pramANAbhAsa kA pratipAdana karake aba vizeSa pramANAbhAsa kA pratipAdana karate haiN)|
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________________ 200 prameyaratnamAlAyAM pratyakSAbhAsamAha avaizadye pratyakSaM tadAbhAsaM bauddhasyAkasmAda dhUmadarzanAdvahnivijJAnavat // 6 // parokSAbhAsamAhavaizo'pi parokSaM tadAbhAsaM mImAMsakasya karaNajJAnavat // 7 // prAk prapaJcitametat / parokSabhedAbhAsamupadarzayan prathama kramaprAptaM smaraNAbhAsamAha atasmistiditi jJAnaM smaraNAbhAsaM jinadatte sa devadatto yathA // 8 // pratyakSAbhAsa kahate haiM sUtrArtha-bauddha kA avizada nirvikalpaka jJAna ko pratyakSa mAnanA pratyakSAbhAsa hai| jaise-( vyApti smaraNAdi ke binA) akasmAt dhuyeM ke dekhane se utpanna huA agni kA jJAna anumAnAbhAsa hai // 6 // vizeSa-bauddha parikalpita nirvikalpa pratyakSa avizada hai, tathApi bauddha vizada kahatA hai| jaise dhuA~, bhApa Adi kA nizcaya hue binA vyApti grahaNa ke abhAva se akasmAt dhuyeM se utpanna huA jo agnivijJAna hai, vaha pratyakSAbhAsa hai, kyoMki nizcaya nahIM hai| isI prakAra bauddha parikalpita jo nirvikalpaka pratyakSa hai, vaha pratyakSAbhAsa hai; kyoMki nizcaya nahIM hai| parokSAbhAsa kahate haiM sUtrArtha-vizada jJAna hone para bhI parokSa mAnanA parokSAbhAsa hai / jaise momAMsaka kA karaNajJAna // 7 // vizeSa-mImAMsaka mata meM karaNa jJAna anya jJAna se jAnane yogya hai| parantu karaNa jJAna meM binA kisI vyavadhAna ke pratibhAsalakSaNa vaizadya asiddha nahIM hai; kyoMki apanA artha vahA~ anya pratIti se nirapekSa pratibhAsita hotA hai| karaNajJAna kA pahale vistRta vivecana kiyA gayA hai| parokSa bhedAbhAsa ko dikhalAte hue prathama kramaprApta smaraNAbhAsa ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-pUrva meM anubhava nahIM kie gae padArtha meM 'vaha hai' arthAt vaisI .
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________________ SaSThaH samuddezaH 201 atasminnananubhUta ityarthaH / zeSaM sugamam / pratyabhijJAnAbhAsamAha sadRze tadevedaM tasminneva tena sadRzaM yamalakavadityAdi 'pratyabhijJAnAbhAsam // 9 // dvividhaM pratyabhijJAnAbhAsamupadarzitam-ekatvanibandhanaM sAdRzyanibandhanaM ceti / tatraikatve sAdRzyAsabhAsaH sAdRzye caikatvAvabhAsastadAbhAsamiti / tarkAbhAsamAha ____ asambaddha tajjJAnaM tarkAbhAsam // 10 // yAvAMstatputraH sa zyAma iti yathA / tajjJAnamiti vyaaptilkssnnsmbndhjnyaanmityrthH| idAnImanumAnAbhAsamAha idamanumAnAbhAsam // 11 // hai, isa prakAra kA jJAna smaraNAbhAsa hai| jaise jinadatta meM, vaha devadatta hai, aisA smaraNa // 8 // atasmin kA ananubhUta hai| zeSa artha sugama hai / pratyabhijJAnAbhAsa ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-sadRza vastu meM 'yaha vahI hai, aisA kahanA, usI padArtha meM, yaha usake sadRza hai, aisA khnaa| jaise eka sAtha janme hue do bAlakoM meM viparIta jJAna ho jAnA, ityAdi pratyabhijJAnAbhAsa hai // 9 // do prakAra kA pratyabhijJAna batalAyA gayA hai-ekatvanimitaka aura sAdRzyanimittaka / inameM se ekatva meM sAdRzya kA avabhAsa aura sAdRzya meM ekatva kA avabhAsa pratyabhijJAnAbhAsa hai| vizeSa-sAdRzya pratyabhijJAnAbhAsa, jaise-jo devadatta ke samAna hai, usameM devadatta hI hai, aisA mAnanA / tarkAbhAsa ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-avinAbhAva sambandha se rahita padArtha meM avinAbhAva sambandha kA jJAna karanA tarkAbhAsa hai // 10 // jaise-usakA jo bhI putra hogA, vaha zyAma hogA / sUtra kathita tajjJAna pada kA artha vyApti lakSaNa sambandha kA jJAna hai| aba anumAnAbhAsa ko kahate haiM / sUtrArtha-yaha anumAnAbhAsa hai / / 11 / /
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________________ 202 prameyaratnamAlAyAM idaM vakSyamANamiti bhAvaH / tatra tadavayavAbhAsopadarzanena samudAyarUpAnumAnAbhAsamupadarzayitukAmaH prathamAvayavAbhAsamAha tatrAniSTAdiH pakSAbhAsaH // 12 // iSTamabAdhitamityAdi tallakSaNamuktam / idAnIM tadviparItaM tadAbhAsamitikathayati aniSTo mImAMsakasyAnityaH zabdaH // 13 // asiddhAdviparItaM tadAbhAsamAha siddhaH zrAvaNaH zabda iti // 14 // abAdhitAdviparItaM tadAbhAsamAvedayan sa ca pratyakSAdibAdhita eveti darzayannAha bAdhitaH pratyakSAnumAnAgamalokasvavacanaiH // 15 // sUtrokta idaM pakSa kA artha vakSyamANa-Age kahe jAne vAle ( pakSAbhAsAdi ) haiN| usa anumAnAbhAsa ke avayavabhAsoM ko batalAne se hI samudAya rUpa anumAnAbhAsa kA jJAna ho jAtA hai, yaha dikhalAne ke lie prathama avayavAbhAsa ko kahate haiM sUtrArtha-unameM aniSTa, bAdhita aura siddha ko pakSa kahanA pakSAbhAsa hai / / 12 / / pahale pakSa kA lakSaNa iSTa, abAdhita aura asiddha kaha Ae haiN| aba unase viparIta tadAbhAsa hai, isa bAta ko kahate haiM sUtrArtha-mImAMsaka kA kahanA ki zabda anitya hai, aniSTa pakSAbhAsa hai // 13 // asiddha se viparIta siddha pakSAbhAsa ko kahate haiMsatrArtha-zabda zravaNendriya kA viSaya hai, yaha siddha pakSAbhAsa hai // 14 // ( vAdI aura prativAdI donoM meM zabda kA zrAvaNatvapanA siddha hone se koI vivAda hI nahIM hai)| abAdhita se viparIta bAdhitAbhAsa ko dikhalAte hue vaha bAdhitAbhAsa pratyakSAdi bAdhita hI hai, isa bAta ko dikhalAte hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha-bAdhita pakSAbhAsa pratyakSa, anumAna, Agama, loka aura svavacanoM se bAdhita hotA hai / / 15 / /
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________________ SaSThaH samuddezaH 203 eteSAM krameNodAharaNamAhatatra pratyakSabAdhito yathA-anuSNo'gnidravyatvAjjalavat // 16 // spArzanapratyakSeNa hya SNasparzAtmako'gniranubhUyate / anumAnabAdhitamAha apariNAmI zabdaH kRtakatvAd ghaTavat // 17 // atra pakSo'pariNAmI zabdaH kRtakatvAdityanena bAdhyate / AgamabAdhitamAha pretyAsukhaprado dharmaH puruSAzritatvAdadharmavat // 18 // Agame hi puruSAzritatvAvizeSe'pi paraloke dharmasya sukhahetutvamuktam / lokabAdhitamAha zuci naraziraHkapAlaM prANyaGgatvAcchaMkhazuktivat // 19 // loke hi prANyaGgatve'pi kasyacicchucitvamazucitvaM ca / tatra narakapAlAdI pratyakSAdi bAdhita pakSabhAsoM ke krama se udAharaNa kahate haiM sUtrArtha-unameM se pratyakSa bAdhita pakSAbhAsa kA udaahrnn| jaiseagni uSNatA rahita haikyoMki vaha dravya hai, jaise-jala // 16 // spArzana pratyakSa se uSNa sparza vAlI agni kA anubhava hotA hai| anumAnabAdhita pakSAbhAsa kahate haiMsUtrArtha-zabda apariNAmI hai; kyoMki kRtaka hai, ghar3e ke samAna // 17 // yahA~ para apariNAmI zabda kRtakapane se bAdhita hai| ( zabda pariNAmI hai; kyoMki usameM arthakriyA pAyI jAtI hai, kRtaka hone ke kAraNa, jaiseghar3A isa anumAna se zabda apariNAmI hai yaha pakSa bAdhita hotA hai| AgamabAdhita ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-dharma paraloka meM duHkha dene vAlA hotA hai; kyoMki vaha puruSa ke Azrita hai| jaise-adharma / puruSa kA AzritapanA samAna hone para bhI Agama meM dharma sukha kA hetu kahA gayA hai / / 18 / / loka bAdhita ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-manuSya ke sira kA kapAla pavitra hai; kyoMki vaha prANI kA aMga hai| jaise zaMkha aura sIpa / 19 / loka meM prANI kA aMga hone para bhI kisI vastu ko pavitra mAnA jAtA hai, kisI ko apavitra mAnA jAtA hai| inameM se nara-kapAlAdi
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________________ 204 prameyaratnamAlAyAM nAmazucitvameveti lokabAdhitatvam / svavacanabAdhitamAha -- mAtA me vandhyA puruSasaMyoge'pyagarbhatvAtprasiddhavandhyAvat // 20 // idAnIM hetvAbhAsAn kramApannAnAha hetvAbhAsA asiddhaviruddhAnaikAntikA kiJcitkarAH // 21 // eSAM yathAkramaM lakSaNaM sodAharaNamAha asatsattAnizcayo'siddhaH // 22 // sattA ca nizcayazca sattAnizcayau / asantau sattAnizcayau yasya sa bhavatyasatsattAnizcayaH / tatra prathamabhedamAha avidyamAnasattAkaH pariNAmI zabdazcAkSuSatvAt // 23 // kathamasyAsiddhatvamityAha -- svarUpeNAsattvAt // 24 // apavitra hI haiM / ataH nara-kapAla ko pavitra kahanA lokabAdhita pakSAbhAsa hai / svavacanabAdhita ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha - merI mAtA bandhyA hai; kyoMki puruSa kA saMyoga hone para bhI usake garbha nahIM rahatA hai / jaise- prasiddha vandhyA strI / / 20 / / aba kramaprApta hetvAbhAsoM ko kahate haiM sUtrArtha - asiddha, viruddha, anaikAntika aura akiJcitkara hetvAbhAsa haiM // 21 // inakA yathAkrama lakSaNa udAharaNa sahita kahate haiM sUtrArtha - jisa hetu ko sattA kA abhAva ho athavA nizcaya na ho, use asiddha hetvAbhAsa kahate haiM / / 22 / / 'sattA ca nizcayazca sattAnizcayau', isa prakAra dvandva samAsa hai / jisakI sattA ke nizcaya kA abhAva ho vaha asatsattA nizcaya hai / asiddha hetvAbhAsa ke prathama bheda ko kahate haiM sUtrArtha -- zabda pariNAmoM hai; kyoMki cAkSuSa hai, yaha avidyamAna sattA -vAle svarUpasiddha hetvAbhAsa kA udAharaNa hai || 23 // isa hetu ke asiddhapanA kaise hai? isake viSaya meM kahate haiMsUtrArtha - zabda kA cAkSuSa honA svarUpa se hI asiddha hai || 24 //
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________________ SaSThaH samuddezaH 205: dvitIyAsiddhabhedamupadarzayatiavidyamAnanizcayo mugdhabuddhi pratyagniratra dhUmAt // 25 // asyApyasiddhatA kathamityArekAyAmAha tasya vASpAdibhAvena bhUtasaMghAte sandehAt // 26 // tasyeti mugdhabuddhi pratItyarthaH / vizeSa-vizeSyAsiddha Adi jo asiddha ke prakAra naiyAyikAdi ke dvArA mAne gae haiM, ve asatsattAkatvalakSaNa asiddha ke prakAra se antabhaMta ho jAte haiM, isase bhinna nahIM haiN| vizeSyAsiddha jaise zabda anitya hai, kyoMki usameM sAmAnyapanA hone ke sAtha-sAtha cAkSuSapanA hai| vizeSaNAsiddha-jaisezabda anitya hai; kyoMki usameM cAkSupanA hone ke sAtha-sAtha sAmAnyapanA hai| AzrayAsiddha, jaise-pradhAna hai, vizvapariNAmitva se| vastutaH pradhAna nahIM hai, yaha bhAva hai| AzrayaikadezAsiddha jaise-paramANu, pradhAna, AtmA tathA Izvara nitya hai| kyoMki ye kisI ke dvArA banAe hue nahIM haiN| vyarthavizeSyAsiddha jaise-paramANu anitya hai, kyoMki kRtaka hone ke sAtha-sAtha usameM sAmAnyapanA hai| vyarthavizeSaNAsiddha, jaise-paramANu anitya hai, kyoMki sAmAnyapanA hone ke sAtha-sAtha usameM kRtakapanA hai| vyadhikaraNAsiddha, jaise-zabda anitya hai, kyoMki dUsare ne banAyA hai / bhAgAsiddha, jaise-zabda nitya hai, kyoMki usameM prayatnAnantarIyakapanA hai| vyadhikaraNAsiddhapanA paraprakriyA kA pradarzanamAtra hai, vastutaH vyadhikaraNa ke bhI hetUdoSa nahIM hai 'udeSyati zakaTa kRttikodayAt' ityAdi ke gamakapane kI pratIti hai| bhAgAsiddha ke bhI avinAbhAva ke sadbhAva se gamakatva hai ho| vastutaH prayatnAnantarIyakatva anityatva ke binA kahIM bho bhI dikhAI nahIM detA hai / jitane zabda meM vaha pravRtta hotA hai, usase zabda kA anityapanA siddha hotA hai| asiddha hetvAbhAsa ke dUsare bheda ko batalAte haiM satrArtha-yahA~ agni hai, kyoMki dhUma hai, yaha avidyamAna nizcaya vAle sagdigdhAsiddha hetvAbhAsa kA udAharaNa / / 25 // isa hetu ke bhI asiddhatA kaise hai ? aisI zaMkA hone para kahate haiM sUtrArtha kyoMki use bhUta saMghAta meM vASpAdi ke rUpa se sandeha ho sakatA hai / / 26 // use arthAt mugdhabuddhi puruSa ko| ( bholA bhAlA puruSa vidyamAna dhUma
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________________ 206 prameyaratnamAlAyAM aparamasiddhabhedamAha sAMkhyamprati pariNAmI zabdaH kRtakatvAt / / 27 / / asyAsiddhatAyAM kAraNamAha tenAjJAtatvAt // 28 // tena sAMkhyenAjJAtatvAt / tanmate hyAvirbhAvatirobhAvAveva prasiddhau, notpattyAdiriti / asyApyanizcayAdasiddhatvamityarthaH / viruddhaM hetvAbhAsamupadarzayannAha viparItanizcitAvinAbhAvo viruddho'pariNAmI zabdaH kRtakatvAt // 29 // kRtakatvaM hyapariNAmavirodhinA pariNAmena vyAptamiti / anakAntikaM hetvAbhAsamAha vipakSe'pyaviruddha vRttiranaikAntikaH / / 30 // meM bhI vASpAdipane ke kAraNa sandeha karatA hai, kyoMki nizcaya karanA sambhava nahIM hai| asiddha hetvAbhAsa ke aura bhI bheda kahate haiM sUtrArtha-sAMkhya ke prati kahanA ki zabda pariNAmI hai; kyoMki vaha kRtaka hai / / 27 // isa hetu kI asiddhatA meM kAraNa kahate haiMsatrArtha- kyoMki usane ( kRtakapanA ) jAnA hI nahIM hai // 28 // usa sAMkhya ne jAnA nahIM hai| sAMkhya mata meM AvirbhAva (prakaTapanA) aura tirobhAva ( AcchAdanapanA ) hI prasiddha hai, utpatti Adi prasiddha nahIM haiN| kisI padArtha ke kRtaka hone kA usake yahA~ nizcaya na hone se asiddhapanA hai| viruddha hetvAbhAsa ko batalAte hue kahate haiM satrArtha-sAdhya se viparIta padArtha ke sAtha jisakA avinAbhAva nizcita ho, use viruddha hetvAbhAsa kahate haiN| jaise zabda apariNAmI hai; kyoMki vaha kRtaka hai / / 29 / / isa anumAna meM kRtakatva hetu apariNAma ke virodhI pariNAma ke sAtha vyApta hai| anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa ko kahate haiM sUtrArtha-jisakA vipakSa meM bhI rahanA aviruddha hai, vaha anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa hai|
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________________ SaSThaH samuddezaH 207 apizabdAnna kevalaM pakSa-sapakSayoriti draSTavyam / sa ca dvividho vipakSe nizcitavRttiH zaGkitavRttizceti / tatrAdyaM darzayannAha - nizcitavRttiranityaH zabdaH prameyatvAd ghaTavat // 31 // kathamasya vipakSe nizcitA vRttirityAzaGkayA''ha AkAze nitye'pyasya nizcayAt // 32 // vizeSa-eka dharma meM jo niyata ho, vaha aikAntika hai, usase viparIta anekAntika hai| jo pakSa, sapakSa aura vipakSa ina tInoM meM rahanA anekAntika hai| dUsaroM ke dvArA mAnA gayA pakSatraya vASpAdi anaikAntikoM kA vistAra sAmAnya rUpa se isa lakSaNa se bhinna nahIM hai| pakSatraya vyApaka, jaise-zabda anitya hai; kyoMki prameya hai| sapakSa aura vipakSa ke eka deza meM pAyA jAne vaalaa| jaise-zabda nitya hai; kyoMki amUrta hai| pakSa aura sapakSa meM vyApaka tathA vipakSa ke eka deza meM pAyA jAne vAlA / jaiseyaha gau hai; kyoMki isake viSANa hai| pakSa tathA vipakSa meM vyApaka tathA sapakSa ke eka deza meM rahane vaalaa| jaise-yaha gau nahIM hai, kyoMki isake viSANa hai| pakSatraya ke eka deza meM rahane vAlA / jaise vacana aura mana anitya haiM; kyoMki amUrta haiN| pakSa aura sapakSa ke eka deza meM rahane vAlA tathA vipakSa meM vyApaka jaise-dik , kAla aura mana adravya haiM; kyoMki amUrta haiN| sapakSa aura vipakSa meM vyApaka tathA pakSa ke eka deza meM rahane vAlA, jaise-pRthivI, apa, teja, vAyu aura AkAza anitya haiM, kyoMki unameM gandha nahIM hai| kevala pakSa aura sapakSa meM rahane se anaikAntika nahIM hotA hai, yaha bAta api zabda se sUcita hotA hai| sUtra meM kahe gae Apa zabda se na kevala pakSa-sapakSa meM rahane vAle hetu ko grahaNa karanA ( apitu vipakSa meM bhI rahane vAle hetu ko grahaNa karanA cAhie ) / vaha do prakAra kA hotA hai-(1) vipakSa meM nizcitavRtti vAlA aura (2) zaGkitavRtti vaalaa| Adi ke bheda ko dikhalAte hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha-zabda anitya hai; kyoMki vaha prameya hai| jaise-ghtt| yaha nizcita vipakSavRtti anekAntika kA udAharaNa hai / / 31 // isa prameyatva hetu kI vipakSa meM vRtti kaise nizcita hai, aisI AzaMkA ke hone para AcArya kahate haiM sUtrArtha-kyoMki nitya AkAza meM bhI isa prameyatva hetu ke rahane kA nizcaya hai // 22 //
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________________ 208 prameyaratnamAlAyAM zaGkitavRttimudAharati zaMkitavRttistu nAsti sarvajJo vaktRtvAt // 33 // asyApi kathaM vikSe vRttirAzaGkayata ityatrAha sarvajJatvena vaktRtvAvirodhAt // 34 // avirodhazca jJAnotkarSe vacanAnAmapakarSAdarzanAditi nirUpitaprAyam / akiJjitkarasvarUpaM nirUpayatisiddhe pratyakSAdibAdhite ca sAdhye heturakiJcitkaraH // 35 // tatra siddhe sAdhye heturakiJcitkara ityudAharati siddhaH zrAvaNaH zabdaH zabdatvAt // 36 // kathamasyAkiJcitkaratvamityAha kiJcidakaraNAt // 37 // zaGkita vipakSavRtti anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa kA udAharaNa dete haiM sUtrArtha-sarvajJa nahIM hai| kyoMki vaha vaktA hai, yaha zaGkita vipakSavRtti anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa kA udAharaNa hai|| 33 / / ___isa hetu kA vipakSa meM rahanA kaise zaGkita hai, isake viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha kyoMki sarvajJatva ke sAtha vaktApane kA virodha nahIM hai // 34 // avirodha isalie hai ki jJAnotkarSa meM vacanoM kA apakarSa nahIM dekhA jAtA hai| yaha bAta prAyaH nirUpita kI jA cukI hai| akiJcitkara hetvAbhAsa ke svarUpa kA nirUpaNa karate haiM sUtrArtha-sAdhya ke siddha hone para aura pratyakSAdi pramANoM se bAdhita hone para prayukta hetu akiJcitkara hetvAbhAsa kahalAtA hai / / 35 // sAdhya ke siddha hone para diyA gayA hetu akiJcitkara hai, isakA udAharaNa dete haiM sUtrArtha-zabda zravaNa indriya ke viSaya ke rUpa meM siddha hai; kyoMki vaha zabda hai / / 36 // ___ isa zabdatva hetu ke akiJcitkaratA kaise hai ? isake viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-kyoMki isa zabdatva hetu ne kucha bhI nahIM kiyA hai / / 37 //
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________________ SaSThaH samuddezaH 209 aparaM ca bhedaM prathamasya dRSTAntIkaraNadvAreNodAharatiyathA'nuSNo'gnidravyatvAdityAdau kiJcitkartumazakyatvAt // 38 akiJcitkaratvamiti zeSaH / ayaM ca doSo hetulakSaNavicArAvasara eva na vAdakAla iti vyaktIkurvannAhalakSaNa evAsau doSo vyutpannaprayogasya pakSadoSeNaiva duSTatvAt // 39 dRSTAnto'nvayavyatirekabhedAd dvividha ityuktam / tatrAnvayadRSTAntAbhAsamAhadRSTAntAbhAsA anvaye'siddhasAdhyasAdhanobhayAH // 40 // sAdhyaM ca sAdhanaM ca ubhayaM ca sAdhyasAdhanobhayAni, asiddhAni tAni yeSviti vigrahaH / etAnekatravAnumAne darzayati sAdhya kA dUsarA bheda jo pratyakSAdibAdhita hai, use prathama bheda ke dRSTAnta karane ke dvArA hI udAharaNa rUpa se kahate haiM sUtrArtha-agni uSNa nahIM hai kyoMki vaha dravya hai, ityAdi anumAna meM prayukta yaha hetu sAdhya kI kucha bhI siddhi karane meM samartha nahIM hai / 38 / / ataH yaha akiJcitkara hetvAbhAsa hai, yaha kahanA yahA~ zeSa hai| yaha akiJcitkara doSa hetu ke lakSaNa kA vicAra karane ke samaya ho hai, bAda ke samaya nahIM, ise vyakta karate hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha-yaha akiJcitkara hetvAbhAsa rUpa doSa hetu ke lakSaNa vyutpAdana kAla meM hI hai, vAda kAla meM nahIM; kyoMki vyutpanna puruSa kA prayoga to pakSa ke doSa se hI dUSita ho jAtA hai / / 39 // dRSTAnta anvaya aura vyatireka ke bheda se do prakAra kA hotA hai, yaha kahA jA cukA hai| unameM se anvaya dRSTAntAbhAsa ko kahate haiM sUtrArtha-asiddha sAdhya, asiddha sAdhana aura asiddhobhaya ye tIna dRSTAntAbhAsa haiM / / 40 // - sAdhyaM ca, sAdhanaM ca, ubhayaM ca ina tInoM kA dvandva samAsa karanA, asiddha haiM sAdhya, sAdhana aura ubhaya jinameM aisA bahubrIhi samAsa karanA / vizeSa-sAdhya vyApta sAdhana jahA~ pradarzita kiyA jAtA hai, vaha anvaya dRSTAnta hai| isase viparIta anvaya dRSTAntAbhAsa hai| ____ina tInoM hI anvaya dRSTAntAbhAsoM ko eka hI anumAna meM dikhalAte haiM
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________________ prameyaratnamAlAyAM apauruSeyaH zabdo'mUrttatvAdindriyasukhaparamANughaTavat // 41 // indriyasukhamasiddhasAdhyam; tasya pauruSeyatvAt / paramANura siddhasAdhanam; tasya mUrttatvAt / ghaTazcAsiddhobhayaH; pauruSeyatvAnmUrttatvAcca / 210 sAdhyavyAptaM sAdhanaM darzanIyamiti dRSTAntAvasare pratipAditam tadviparItadarzanamapi tadAbhAsamityAha viparItAnvayazca yadapauruSeyaM tadamUrttam // 42 // kuto'sya tadAbhAsatetyAha vidyudAdinA'tiprasaMgAt // 43 // tasyApyamUrtatAprApterityarthaH / sUtrArtha - zabda apauruSeya hai; kyoMki vaha amUrta hai / jaise - indriyasukha, paramANu aura ghaTa // 41 // indriya sukha ( yaha dRSTAnta ) asiddha sAdhya hai; kyoMki vaha pauruSeya hai / paramANu yaha dRSTa asiddha sAdhana hai; kyoMki paramANu mUrta hai, ghaTa asiddhobhaya hai; kyoMki ghaTa pauruSeya bhI hai aura mUrta bhI hai / vizeSa - indriyasukha meM sAdhanatva hai, sAdhyatva nahIM hai / ataH yaha dRSTAnta sAdhyavikala hai / paramANuoM meM sAdhyatva hai, sAdhanatva nahIM hai, ataH yaha dRSTAnta sAdhanavikala hai / ghaTa meM apauruSeya rUpa sAdhya aura amUrta rUpa sAdhana ye donoM hI nahIM haiM / ataH yaha dRSTAnta ubhayavikala hai / sAdhyavyApta sAdhana ko dikhalAnA cAhie, yaha bAta anvaya dRSTAnta ke avasara meM pratipAdana kI gaI hai, usase viparIta vyApti ko dikhalAnA bhI anvayadRSTAntAbhAsa hai, isake viSaya meM kahate haiM-- sUtrArtha - jo apauruSeya hotA hai, vaha amUrta hotA hai, yaha viparItAnvaya nAma kA dRSTAntAbhAsa hai // 42 // ise dRSTAntAbhAsatA kaise hai ? isake viSaya meM kahate haiM / sUtrArthaM - kyoMki usameM vidyut Adi se atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai // 43 // vidyut ke bhI amUrtatA kI prApti hoto hai; kyoMki vidyut apIruSeya hai / kintu apauruSeya hote hue bhI vaha amUrta nahIM mUrta hai /
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________________ 211 SaSThaH samuddezaH vyatirekodAharaNAbhAsamAhavyatireke'siddhatadvayatirekAH paramANvindriyasukhA''kAzavat // 44 // apauruSeyaH zabdo'mUrtatvAdityatravAsiddhAH sAdhyasAdhanobhayavyatirekA yatreti vigrahaH / tatrAsiddhasAdhyavyatirekaH paramANustasyApauruSeyatvAt / indriyasukhamasiddhasAdhanavyatirekam / AkAzaM tvasiddhobhayavyatirekamiti / sAdhyAbhAve sAdhanavyAvRttiriti vyatirekodAharaNapraghaTTake sthApitam, tatra tadviparItamapi tadAbhAsamityupadarzayativiparItavyatirekazca yannAmUrta tannApauruSeyam // 45 // bAlavyutpattyarthaM tattrayopagama ityuktam / idAnI tAn pratyeva kiyaddhInatAyAM prayogAbhAsamAha bAlaprayogAbhAsaH paJcAvayaveSu kiyaddhInatA // 46 // vyatirekodAharaNabhAsa ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-vyatireka dRSTAntAbhAsa meM tIna bheda haiM-asiddha sAdhya vyatireka, asiddha sAdhana vyatireka aura asiddhobhaya vyatireka / paramANu, indriyasukha aura AkAza inake krama se udAharaNa haiM // 44 // zabda apauruSeya hai, amUrta hone se, isa anumAna meM asiddha haiM sAdhya, sAdhana aura ubhaya vyatireka jisa dRSTAnta meM, aisA vigraha karanA caahie| unameM asiddha sAdhya vyatireka dRSTAntAbhAsa kA udAharaNa paramANu hai, kyoMki paramANu apauruSeya hai / indriya sukha asiddha sAdhana vyatireka dRSTAntAbhAsa kA udAharaNa hai| asiddhobhaya vyatireka dRSTAntAbhAsa kA udAharaNa AkAza hai| sAdhya ke abhAva meM sAdhana kI vyAvRtti ko vyatireka vyApti kahate haiM / yaha bAta vyatirekodAharaNa prakaraNa meM siddha kI jA cukI hai| usase viparIta vyatireka dRSTAntAbhAsa hai, isa bAta ko batalAte haiM satrArtha-jo amUrta nahIM hai, vaha apauruSeya nahIM hai, yaha viparIta vyatireka dRSTAntAbhAsa kA udAharaNa hai // 45 // bAlavyutpatti ke lie udAharaNa, upanaya aura nigamana svIkAra kie gae haiM, yaha bAta pahale hI kahI jA cukI hai| ugavAlajanoM ke prati kucha avayavoM ke kama prayoga karane para ve prayogAbhAsa haiM, isake viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-pA~ca avayavoM (pratijJA, hetu, udAharaNa, upanaya aura nigamana ) meM se kitane hI kama avayavoM kA prayoga karanA bAlaprayogA
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________________ 212 / prameyaratnamAlAyAM tadevodAharatiagnimAnayaM dezo dhUmavattvAt, yaditthaM taditthaM yathA mahAnasa iti 47 ityavayavatrayaprayoge satItyarthaH / caturavayavaprayoge tadAbhAsatvamAha dhUmavAMzcAyamiti vA // 48 / / avayavaviparyaye'pi tattvamAha tasmAdagnimAn dhUmavAMzcAyam // 49 // kathamavayavaviparyaye prayogAbhAsa ityArekAyAmAha spaSTatayA prakRtapratipatterayogAt // 50 // idAnImAgamAbhAsamAha rAgadveSamohAkrAntapuruSavacanAjjAtamAgamAbhAsam // 51 // bhAsa hai // 46 // isI bAlaprayogAbhAsa kA udAharaNa dete haiM sUtrArtha-yaha pradeza agni vAlA hai; kyoMki dhUma vAlA hai| jo dhUma vAlA hotA hai, vaha agni vAlA bhI hotA bhI hotA hai| jaiserasoIghara / / 47 // yahA~ para tIna hI avayavoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| cAra avayavoM kA prayoga karane para bAlaprayogAbhAsa ko kahate haiMsUtrArtha-athavA yaha bhI dhUmavAn hai // 48 // vizeSa-Upara ke tIna avayavoM ke prayoga ke sAtha upanaya kA upayoga karanA, nigamana kA prayoga na karanA bAlaprayogAbhAsa hai / avayavoM ke viparIta prayoga karane para bhI bAlaprayogAbhAsapana hotA hai| satrArtha-isalie yaha agni vAlA hai aura yaha bhI dhUmavAlA hai / / 49 / / vizeSa--yahA~ nigamana kA prayoga pahile kara diyA, upanaya kA bAda meM prayoga kiyaa| avayava ke viparIta prayoga karane para prayogAbhAsa kaise kahA isa sUtrArtha meM AzaMkA ke hone para AcArya kahate haiM ki isakA vistAra se nirUpaNa sUtrArtha meM hai kyoMki spaSTa rUpa se prakRta padArtha kA jJAna nahIM hotA hai / / 50 // aba AgamAbhAsa ke viSaya meM kahate haiMsUtrArtha-rAga, dveSa aura moha se AkrAnta puruSa ke vacanoM se utpanna
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________________ SaSThaH samuddezaH 213 udAharaNamAhayathA nadyAstIre modakarAzayaH santi, dhAvadhvaM mANavakAH // 52 // kazcinmANavakairAkulIkRtacetAstatsaGgaparijihIrSayA pratAraNavAkyena nadyA deza tAn prasthApayatItyAptokteranyatvAdAgamAbhAsatvam / prathamodAharaNamAtreNAtuSyannudAharaNAntaramAha__amulyagre hastiyUthazatamAsta iti ca // 53 // atrApi sAGkhyaH svadurAgamajanitavAsanAhitacetA dRSTeSTaviruddhaM sarva sarvatra vidyata iti manyamAnastathopadizatItyanAptavacanatvAdidamapi tthetyrthH| kathamanantarayorvAkyayostadAbhAsatvamityArekAyAmAha visaMvAdAt // 54 // avisaMvAdarUpapramANalakSaNAbhAvAnna tadvizeSarUpamapItyarthaH / hue padArtha ke jJAna ko AgamAbhAsa kahate haiM // 51 // udAharaNa kahate haiM sUtrArtha-jaise-nadI ke kinAre modakoM kI rAziyA~ haiM, he bacco ! daur3o // 52 // koI vyakti bAlakoM se vyAkUlacitta thA, unakA saMga char3Ane kI icchA se chalapUrNa vAkya kahakara unheM nadI ke taTa para bhejatA hai, isa prakAra vizvasta vyakti se bhinna kathana karane para AgamAbhAsapanA hai / prathama udAharaNa se santuSTa na hote hue anya udAharaNa kahate haiM sUtrArtha-aMgulI ke agrabhAga para hAthiyoM ke saikar3oM samudAya vidyamAna haiM / / 53 // isa udAharaNa meM bhI sAMkhya apane mithyA Agama janita vAsanA se AkrAntacitta hokara pratyakSa aura anumAna se viruddha saba vastuyeM saba jagaha vidyamAna haiM, isa prakAra mAnatA huA nadI ke tIra para laDDU haiM, isa prakAra kA kathana karatA hai| yaha vAkya anApta puruSa kA vacana hone se AgamAbhAsa hai| upayukta donoM vAkyoM ke AgamAbhAsapanA kaise hai ? aisI AzaMkA hone para kahate haiM sUtrArtha-kyoMki visaMvAda pAyA jAtA hai // 54 // avisaMvAda rUpa pramANa ke lakSaNa kA abhAva hone ke kAraNa una
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________________ 214 prameyaratnamAlAyAM idAnIM saMkhyAbhAsamAha pratyakSamevaikaM pramANamityAdi saGkhyAbhAsam // 55 // pratyakSaparokSabhedAd dvaividhyamuktam / tadvaiparItyena pratyakSameva, pratyakSAnumAne evetyavadhAraNaM saGkhyAbhAsam / pratyakSamevaikamiti kathaM saGkhyAbhAsamityAha lokAyatikasya pratyakSataH paralokAdiniSedhasya parabuddhayAdezcAsiddharatadviSayatvAt // 56 // ___ atdvissytvaadprtykssvissytvaadityrthH| zeSa sugamam / prapaJcitamevaitatsaGa khyAvipratipattinirAkaraNa iti neha punarucyate / itaravAdipramANeyattAvadhAraNamapi vighaTata iti lokAyatikadRSTAntadvAreNa tanmate'pi saGkhyAbhAsamiti darzayati vAkyoM meM prAmANikatA nahIM hai| unheM pramANa vizeSa rUpa Agama kaise mAna .. sakate haiN| aba saMkhyAbhAsa ke viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-pratyakSa hI eka pramANa hai, ityAdi kahanA saMkhyAbhAsa hai||55|| pratyakSa aura parokSa ke bheda se pramANa do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai| usase viparIta pratyakSa ho eka pramANa hai athavA pratyakSa aura anumAna ye hI do pramANa haiM, isa prakAra nizcaya karanA saMkhyAbhAsa hai / pratyakSa hI eka mAtra pramANa hai, yaha saMkhyAbhAsa kaise hai, isake viSaya meM kahate haiM___ sUtrArtha-cArvAka kA pratyakSa ko hI pramANa mAnanA isalie saMkhyAbhAsa hai ki pratyakSa se paraloka Adi kA niSedha aura para kI buddhi Adi kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai| kyoMki ve usake viSaya nahIM haiM // 56 / / ve usake viSaya nahIM haiM kA tAtparya pratyakSa ke viSaya nahIM haiM, yaha hai| zeSa sUtrArtha sugama hai| saMkhyA-vipratipatti ke nirAkaraNa ke samaya isakA vistAra se nirUpaNa kara cuke haiM, ataH yahA~ punaH nahIM kahate haiN| ____ anya vAdiyoM dvArA mAnI gaI pramANa kI saMkhyA kA niyama bhI vighaTita hotA hai| ataH cArvAka ke dRSTAnta dvArA bauddhAdi ke mata meM saMkhyAbhAsa hai, isa bAta ko dikhalAte haiM
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________________ SaSThaH samudezaH 215 saugatasAGkhyayogaprAbhAkarajaiminIyAnAMpratyakSAnumAnAga - mopamAnArthApattyabhAvairekaikAdhikaivyAptivat // 57 // yathA pratyakSAdibhirekakAdhikAptiH pratipattu na zakyate saugatAdibhistathA pratyakSeNa lokAyatikaiH parabuddhayAdirapItyarthaH / atha parabuddhayAdipratipattiH pratyakSeNa mAbhUdanyasmAdbhaviSyatItyAzaGkyA''ha__ anumAnAstadviSayatve pramANAntaratvam // 58 // tacchabdena parabuddhayAdirabhidhIyate / anumAnAdeH parabuddhayAdiviSayatve pratyakSakapramANavAdo hIyata ityarthaH / atrodAharaNamAha tarkasyeva vyAptigocaratve pramANAntaratvamapramANasyAvyavasthApakatvAt // 59 // saugatAdInAmiti zeSaH kiJca pratyakSakapramANavAdinA pratyakSAdya kaikAdhika sUtrArtha-jisa prakAra saugata, sAMkhya, yoga, prAbhAkara aura jaiminIyoM ke pratyakSa, anumAna, Agama, upamAna arthApatti aura abhAva ina eka-eka adhika pramANoM ke dvArA vyApti viSaya nahIM kI jAtI hai // 57 // jisa prakAra eka-eka adhika pratyakSAdi se vyApti nahIM jAnI jA sakatI hai, usI prakAra eka pratyakSa pramANa se laukAyatikoM ke dvArA anya manuSya kI buddhi Adi bhI nahIM jAne jA sakate haiN| zaMkA-parAI buddhi Adi kA jJAna pratyakSa se bhale hI na ho, anya anumAnAdi se ho jAyegA ? aisI AzaGkA hone para kahate haiM samAdhAna sUtrArtha anumAnAdi ke dUsare kI buddhi Adi kA viSayapanA mAnane para anya pramANa mAnane pdd'eNge| 58 // sUtra meM 'tat' zabda se para buddhi Adi kahe gaye haiN| anumAnAdi ke parabuddhi Adi ke viSayapanA mAnane para pratyakSaka pramANavAda vighaTita ho jAtA hai / isa viSaya meM udAharaNa kahate haiM satrArtha-jaise ki tarka ko vyApti kA viSaya karane vAlA mAnane para saugatAdika ko use eka bhinna pramANa mAnanA par3atA hai; kyoMki apramANa jJAna padArtha kI vyavasthA nahIM kara sakatA hai // 59 // sUtra meM "saugatAdInAm" yaha pada zeSa hai| pratyakSa pramANavAdI cArvAka ko tathA pratyakSAdi eka-eka adhika pramANavAdI saugatAdika ko pratyakSa
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________________ 216 prameyaratnamAlAyAM pramANavAdibhizca svasaMvedanendriyapratyakSabhedo'numAnAdibhedazca pratibhAsabhedena va vaktavyo gatyantarAbhAvAt / sa ca tadbhado lokAyatikaM prati pratyakSAnumAnayoritareSAM vyAptijJAnapratyakSAdipramANeSviti sarveSAM pramANasaGkhyA vighaTate / tadeva darzayati pratibhAsabhedasya ca bhedakatvAt // 60 // idAnIM viSayAbhAsamupadarzayitumAhaviSayAbhAsaH sAmAnyaM vizeSo dvayaM vA svatantram // 61 // kathameSAM tadAbhAsatetyAha tathA'pratibhAsanAtkAryAkaraNAcca // 62 // kiJca tadekAntAtmakaM tattvaM svayaM samarthamasamartha vA kAryakAri syAt ? prathamapakSe dUSaNamAha ke svasaMvedana aura indriya pratyakSa rUpa bheda tathA pramANoM ke anumAnAdi bheda pratibhAsa ke bheda se ( sAmagrI aura svarUpa ke bheda se ) kahanA caahiye| kyoMki isake binA unakI koI gati nahIM hai| vaha pratibhAsa kA bheda cArvAka ke prati pratyakSa aura anumAna meM tathA saugatAdi anya mata vAloM ke vyAptijJAna aura pratyakSAdi pramANoM meM anubhavagamya hai, ataH sabhI kI pramANa saMkhyA kA vighaTana ho jAtA hai| isI bAta ko dikhalAte haiM( anumAna kA prAmANya ho, kintu usakA antarbhAva pratyakSa meM hI hotA hai, aisA kahane para kahate haiM ) / sUtrArtha-pratibhAsa kA bheda hI pramANoM kA bhedaka hotA hai / / 60 / / ( ataH pratyakSa meM anumAna kA antarbhAva nahIM ho sakatA hai ) aba viSayAbhAsa ko batalAne ke lie kahate haiM sUtrArtha-kevala sAmAnya ko, kevala vizeSa ko athavA svatantra donoM ko pramANa kA viSaya mAnanA viSayAbhAsa hai||61 // inakI viSayAbhAsatA kaise hai| isake viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-kevala sAmAnya rUpa se, kevala vizeSa rUpa se athavA svatantra donoM rUpa se vastu kA pratibhAsa nahIM hotA hai tathA kevala sAmAnya, kevala vizeSa athavA svatantra donoM apanA kArya nahIM kara sakate // 62 // dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki vaha ekAntAtmaka tattva svayaM samartha athavA asamartha hokara kAryakArI hotA hai, yaha prazna hai| prathama pakSa mAnane para doSa kahate haiM
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________________ SaSThaH samuddezaH 217 samarthasya karaNe sarvadotpattiranapekSatvAt // 63 // sahakArisAnnidhyAt tatkaraNAnneti cedatrAha parApekSaNe pariNAmitvamanyathA tadabhAvAt // 64 // viyuktAvasthAyAmakurvataH sahakArisamavadhAnavelAyAM kAryakAriNaH puurvottraakaarprihaaraavaaptisthitilkssnnaaprinnaamopptterityrthH| anyathA kAryakaraNAbhAvAt / praagbhaavaavsyaayaamevetyrthH| atha dvitIyapakSe doSamAha svayamasamarthasyAkArakatvAtpUrvavat // 65 // sUtrArtha-ekAntAtmaka tattva samartha hotA huA kArya karegA to kArya kI sadA utpatti honA cAhiye; kyoMki vaha kisI dUsare kI apekSA nahIM rakhatA hai / / 63 // ___ yadi kahA jAya ki vaha padArtha sahakArI kAraNoM ke sAnnidhya se usa kArya ko karatA hai, ataH kArya kI sadA utpatti nahIM hotI hai to isake viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-dUsare sahakArI kAraNoM kI apekSA rakhane para pariNAmIpanA prApta hotA hai anyathA kArya nahIM ho sakegA / 64 // sahakArI kAraNoM se rahita avasthA meM kArya nahIM karane vAle aura sahakArI kAraNoM ke sannidhAna ke samaya kArya karane vAle padArtha ke pUrva AkAra kA parityAga, uttara AkAra kI prApti aura sthiti lakSaNa pariNAma ke sambhava hone se pariNAmIpanA siddha hotA hai, yadi aisA na mAnA jAya to kArya karane kA abhAva rahegA, jaisA ki prAgabhAva dazA meM kArya kA abhAva thaa| (jaise miTTI ke piNDa meM pahale ghaTa kA abhAva hai ) kArya kI utpatti nahIM mAneMge to samasta vastuoM kA samUha prAgabhAva avasthA meM hI vidyamAna ho jaayegaa| aba asamartha rUpa dUsare pakSa meM doSa kahate haiM sUtrArtha-svayaM asamartha padArtha kArya kA karane vAlA nahIM ho sakatA, jaise ki sahakArI kAraNoM se rahita avasthA meM apanA kArya karane meM samartha nahIM thA, usI taraha sahakArI kAraNoM ke mila jAne para bhI kArya nahIM kara sakegA / / 65 //
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________________ 218 prameyaratnamAlAyAM atha phalAbhAsaM prakAzayannAha phalAbhAsaM pramANAdabhinna bhinnameva vA // 66 // kutaH pakSadvaye'pi tadAbhAsatetyAzaGkAyAmAdyate tadAbhAsatve hetumAha abhede tadvayavahArAnupapattaH // 67 // phalameva pramANameva vA bhavediti bhAvaH / vyAvRtyA saMvRtyaparanAmadheyayA tatkalpanA'stvityAhavyAvRtyApi na tatkalpanA phalAntarAd vyAvRtyA'phalatva prasaMgAt // 68 // ayamarthaH-yathA'phalAdvijAtIyAtphalasya vyAvRttyA phalavyavahArastathA phalAntarAdapi sajAtIyAd vyAvRttirapyastItyaphalatvam / atraivAbhedapakSe dRSTAntamAha pramANAntarAvyAvRttyevApramANatvasya // 69 // aba phalAbhAsa ko prakAzita karate hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha-pramANa se usake phala ko sarvathA abhinna athavA sarvathA bhinna mAnanA phalAbhAsa hai / / 66 / / ina donoM hI pakSoM meM phalAbhAsatA kaise hai, aisI AzaGkA hone para Adi pakSa meM ( sarvathA abhinna pakSa meM ) phalAbhAsatA batalAne ke liye hetu kahate haiM sUtrArtha-yadi pramANa se phala sarvathA abhinna mAnA jAya to pramANa aura phala meM ( yaha pramANa hai, yaha phala hai, isa prakAra kA ) vyavahAra hI nahIM ho sakatA hai / / 67 // ( abheda pakSa meM ) yA to phala hI hogA yA pramANa hI hogA, yaha bhAva hai| satrArtha-aphala kI vyAvatti se bhI phala kI kalpanA nahIM kI jA sakatI anyathA phalAntara kI vyAvRtti se aphalapane kI kalpanA kA prasaMga A jAyegA / / 68 / / yaha artha hai-jisa prakAra phala se vijAtIya aphala kI vyAvRtti se phala kA vyavahAra karate haiM, usI prakAra phalAntara-anya pramiti rUpa sajAtIya phala kI vyAvRtti se aphalapane kA prasaMga AtA hai| aba abheda pakSa meM dRSTAnta kahate haiM sUtrArtha-jaise pramANAntara kI vyAvRtti se apramANapane kA prasaMga AtA hai / / 69 //
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________________ SaSThaH samuddezaH atrApi prAktanyeva prakriyA yojanIyA / abhedapakSaM nirAkRtya AcArya upasaMharati tasmAdvAstavo bhedaH // 70 // bhedapakSaM dUSayannAha bhede tvAtmAntaravattadanupapatteH // 71 // atha yatravAtmani pramANaM samavetaM phalamapi tatraiva samavetamiti samavAyalakSaNapratyAsattyA pramANaphalavyavasthitiriti, nAtmAntare tatprasaGga iti cettadapi na sUktamityAha samavAye'tiprasaMgaH // 72 // samavAyasya nityatvAd vyApakatvAcca sarvAtmanAmapi samavAyasamAnadharmikatvAnna tataH pratiniyama ityrthH| anya pramANa kI vyAvRtti se jaise pramANa ke apramANapane kA prasaMga AtA hai, usI prakAra yahA~ bhI pahale vAlo ho prakriyA lagAnI caahiye| abheda pakSa kA nirAkaraNa kara AcArya upasaMhAra karate haiM satrArtha-ataHpramANa aura phala meM vAstavika bheda hai / / 70 // (phala kA paramArtha se bheda hai, kalpita bheda nahIM hai| vAstavika bheda ke abhAva meM pramANa aura phala vyavahAra hI nahIM bana sakatA hai)| bheda pakSa meM doSa dikhalAte hue kahate haiM satrArya-bheda mAnane para anya AtmA ke samAna yaha isa pramANa kA phala hai, aisA vyavahAra nahIM ho sakatA hai / / 71 / / / naiyAyika-jisa AtmA meM pramANa samavAya sambandha se sambaddha hai, usa AtmA meM phala bhI samavAya sambandha se sambaddha hai, ataH samavAya svarUpa pratyAsatti se pramANa aura phala kI vyavasthA bana jAyagI, anya AtmA meM phala ke mAnane kA prasaMga nahIM aaygaa| jena-ApakA uparyukta kathana bhI ThIka nahIM hai| isake viSaya meM kahate haiM sUtrArtha-samavAya ke mAnane para ati prasaMga doSa AtA hai / / 72 // samavAya ke nitya tathA vyApaka hone se vaha sabhI AtmAoM meM samAna dharma rUpa se rhegaa| ataH yaha phala isI pramANa kA hai, anya kA nahIM hai| isa prakAra ke pratiniyama kA abhAva hogaa|
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________________ 220 prameyaratnamAlAyAM idAnIM svaparapakSasAdhanadUSaNavyavasthAmupadarzayatipramANatadAbhAsau duSTatayodbhAvitau parihRtAparihRtadoSau vAdinaH sAdhanatadAbhAsau prativAdino dUSaNabhUSaNe ca // 73 // vAdinA pramANamupanyastam, tacca prativAdinA duSTatayodbhAvitam / punarvAdinA parihRtam, tadeva tasya sAdhanaM bhavati; prativAdinazca dUSaNamiti / yadA tu vAdinA pramANAbhAsamuktam, prativAdinA tathaivodbhAvitam vAdinA cAparihRtam tadA tadvAdinaH sAdhanAbhAso bhavati, prativAdinazca bhUSaNamiti / athoktaprakAreNAzeSavipratipattinirAkaraNadvAreNa pramANatattvaM svapratijJAtaM parIkSya nayAditattvamanyatroktamitidarzayannAha sambhavadanyad vicAraNIyam // 74 // sambhavadvidyamAnamanyatpramANatattvAnnaya 'svarUpaM zAstrAntaraprasiddha vicAraNIyaaba apane pakSa ke sAdhana aura parapakSa ke dUSaNa vyavasthA ko darzAte haiMsUtrArtha - vAdI ke dvArA prayoga meM lAe gae pramANa aura pramANAbhAsa prativAdI ke dvArA doSa rUpa meM prakaTa kie jAne para vAdI se parihRta doSa vAle rahate haiM to ve vAdI ke lie sAdhana aura sAdhanAbhAsa haiM aura prativAdI ke lie dUSaNa aura bhUSaNa haiM // 73 // vAdI ne pramANa ko upasthita kiyA, use prativAdI ne doSa batalAkara udbhAvana kara diyA / punaH vAdI ne usa doSa kA nirAkaraNa kara diyA to vAdI ke lie vaha sAdhana aura prativAdI ke lie dUSaNa ho jAyagA / jaba vAdI ne pramANAbhAsa kahA, prativAdI ne doSa batalAkara usakA udbhAvana kara diyA / tathA yadi vAdI ne usakA parihAra nahIM kiyA to vaha vAdI ke lie sAdhanAbhAsa ho jAyagA aura prativAdI ke lie bhUSaNa hogA / ukta prakAra se samasta vipratipattiyoM ke nirAkaraNa dvArA svapratijJAta pramANa tattva kI parIkSA kara anya granthoM ( nayacakrAdi ) meM nayAdi tattva kahe gae haiM, isa bAta ko dikhalAte hue kahate haiM sUtrArtha - sambhava anya ( naya-nipekSAdi ) bhI vicAraNIya haiM // 74 // pramANa tattva se bhinna anya sambhava arthAt vidyamAna, jo anya zAstroM 1. anirAkRtapratipakSo vastvaMzagrAhI jJAturabhiprAyo naya iti nayasAmAnyalakSaNam / taduktam- nayo vaktRvivakSA syAd vastvaMze sa hi vartate / dvidhA'sau bhidyate mUlAd dravya-paryAyabhedataH //
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________________ SaSThaH samuddezaH 221 miha yuktyA pratipattavyam / tatra mUla nayau dvau dravyArthika- paryAyArthikabhedAt / tatra dravyArthikastredhA naigamasaGgrahavyavahArabhedAt / --- paryAyArthikadacaturdhA - RjusUtra zabdasamabhirUDhaivambhUtabhedAt / anyonyaguNa pradhAnabhUtabhedAbhedaprarUpaNo naMgamaH / naikaM gamo naigama iti nirukteH / sarvathA bhedavAdastadAbhAsaH / pratipakSasavyapekSaH sanmAtragrAhI saGagrahaH / brahmavAdastadAbhAsaH / meM prasiddha nayoM kA svarUpa hai, vaha yahA~ vicAraNIya hai, use yukti se jAna lenA caahiye| unameM se mUla naya do haiM- dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika / inameM se dravyArthika naya tIna prakAra kA hai - 1. negama, 2. saMgraha aura 3. vyavahAra / paryAyArthika naya cAra prakAra kA hai - 1. RjusUtra, 2. zabda 3. samabhirUDha aura 4 evaMbhUta / vastu meM vidyamAna dharmoM ke bheda aura abheda ko paraspara gauNa aura pradhAna karake nirUpaNa karanA naigama naya hai / yaha naya kevala eka hI dharma ko grahaNa nahIM karatA hai / 'naikaM gamo naigama' yaha isako nirukti hai| sarvathA bheda kA kathana naigamAbhAsa hai / - vizeSa - vastugata kA vidyamAna dharmoM ke bheda aura abheda ko paraspara gauNa aura pradhAna karake nirUpaNa karanA naigamanaya hai| jaise jIva kA guNa sukha hai / yahA~ para jIva apradhAna hai, kyoMki vizeSaNa hai, sukha pradhAna hai kyoMki vizeSya hai / sukhI jIva - yahA~ jIva kI pradhAnatA hai; kyoMki jIva vizeSya hai / sukha kI apradhAnatA hai; kyoMki sukha vizeSaNa hai / aniSpanna artha ke saMkalpa mAtra ko grahaNa karane vAlA naigama naya hai| nigama saMkalpa ko kahate haiM, vahA~ utpanna huA athavA vaha jisakA prayojana hai, use naigama kahate haiM / jaise koI puruSa kuThAra lekara jA rahA hai| Apa kisaliye jA rahe haiM, aisA pUche jAne para kahatA hai-prastha lAne ke lie / yadyapi prastha paryAya sannihita nahIM hai, kintu prastha paryAya kI niSpatti ke liye saMkalpa mAtra karane para prastha kA vyavahAra huA hai / bhUta, bhAvi aura vartamAna kAla ke bheda se naigamanaya tIna prakAra kA hotA hai / pratipakSa kI apekSA sahita sat mAtra ko grahaNa karane vAlA saMgrahanaya hai / brahmavAda saMgrahanayAbhAsa hai / saMgraha naya hai / vizeSa - kevala sAmAnya dharma kA grahaNa karAne vAlA isake do bheda haiM- 1. mahAsaMgraha aura 2. avAntara saMgraha dharmoM para udAsIna hokara lakSya na detA huA kevala sat rUpa zuddha dravya ko / sampUrNa vizeSa
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________________ 222 prameyaratnamAlAyAM saGa grahagRhItabhedako vyavahAraH / kAlpaniko bhedastadAbhAsaH / zuddhaparyAyagrAhI pratipakSasApekSa RjusUtraH / kSaNikakAntanayastadAbhAsaH / jo saccA mAnatA hai, usa naya ko mahAsaMgraha kahate haiN| jaise sAmAnya sattva dharma kI apekSA sampUrNa vizva eka hai| sattAsAmAnya ko kevala svIkAra karane vAlA tathA zeSa anya dharmoM kA niSedha karane vAlA jo eka sattA sAmAnya rUpa vicAra hai, vaha mahAsaMgrahAbhAsa hai| jaise sattA hI kevala saccA tattva yA padArtha hai| kyoMki sattA ke atirikta jo vizeSa dharma mAne jAyaM, una dharmoM kA kucha bhI avalokana nahIM hotA hai| dravyatvAdi avAntara sAmAnya dharmoM ko mAnane vAlA tathA una sAmAnya dharmoM ke sAtha rahane vAle vizeSa vizeSa dharmoM kI tarapha hasti kI dRSTi ke samAna nahIM dekhane vAlA avAntara saMgraha yA aparasaMgraha kahalAtA hai| jaise dravyatva dharma kI apekSA dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla, pudgalAdi sabhI dravya eka haiN| kevala dravyatvAdi sAmAnya dharmoM ko svIkAra karatA huA jo una sAmAnya dharmoM ke sAtha ke vizeSa vizeSa dharmoM kA niSedha karatA ho, vaha aparasaMgrahAbhAsa hai / jaise-dravyatva hI saccA tattva hai; kyoMki dravyatva se bhinna dravya kA kabhI bhI pratyakSa nahIM hotA hai| (syAdvAda maMjarI, pR0 203) saMgrahanaya se gRhIta padArtha kA bheda karane vAlA vyavahAranaya hai| bheda vyavahAra kAlpanika hai / isa prakAra kahanA vyavahArAbhAsa hai| vizeSa-saMgrahanaya ke dvArA jo eka rUpa mAne jAte haiM unameM jo vicAra aisA svIkAra karAtA ho ki vyavahAra ke anukUla yaha judA-judA hai, usako vyavahAra se kahate haiM jaise-jo saMgraha kI apekSA eka sadrUpa kahA hai, vaha dravya hai yA paryAya ? yaha naya aura bhI isa prakAra ke bhedoM ko ThIka mAnatA hai jo dravya paryAyAdikoM meM jhUThA bheda mAnatA hai, vaha vyavahAranayAbhAsa samajhA jAtA hai| jaise-cArvAka kA mata (syAdvAda maJjarI, pR0 203) pratipakSa kI apekSA rahita zuddha paryAya ko grahaNa karane vAlA RjusUtranaya hai / kSaNika ekAntarUpa tattva ko mAnanA RjusUtrAbhAsa hai| vizeSa-Rju arthAt kevala vartamAna kSaNavartI, paryAya ko jo pradhAnatA -se grahaNa karatA ho, usa abhiprAya ko RjusUtra kahate haiN| jaise-isa samaya sukhI hai, isa samaya duHkhI hai, ityAdi vartamAna paryAya rUpa jaisA ho
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________________ SaSThaH samuddezaH 223. kAla-kArakaliGgAnAM bhedAcchabdasya kathaJcidarthabhedakathanaM zabdanayaH / arthabhedaM vinA zabdAnAmeva naanaatvaikaantstdaabhaasH| paryAyabhedAtpadArthanAnAtvanirUpakaH taisA kahane kA nAma RjusUtra hai| jo sarvathA anAdinidhana dravya kA niSedha kara kevala paryAyoM ko hI apane-apane samaya meM saccA mAnatA hai, . vaha RjusUtrAbhAsa hai| jaise-bauddhamata (syAdvAda maJjarI, pR0 204) kAla, kAraka, liGga Adi ke bheda se zabda ke kathaJcit artha-bheda kA kathana karanA zabdanaya hai / artha-bheda ke binA zabdoM kI ekAntarUpa se 'bhinnatA kA kathana karanA zabdanayAbhAsa hai| vizeSa-liMga, saMkhyA aura sAdhana Adi ke vyabhicAra kI nivRtti karane vAlA zabdanaya hai| liMga vyabhicAra, yathA-puSya, tArakA aura nakSatra / ye bhinna-bhinna liMga ke zabda haiM / inakA milAkara prayoga karanA liMga vyabhicAra hai / saMkhyA vyabhicAra yathA--'jalaM ApaH, varSAH RtuH, AmrA vanam, varaNAH nagaram' ye ekavacanAnta aura bahuvacanAnta zabda haiN| inakA vizeSaNa vizeSya rUpa se prayoga karanA saMkhyA vyabhicAra hai / sAdhana vyabhicAra yathA-'senA parvatamadhivasati' senA parvata para hai| yahA~ adhikaraNa kAraka ke artha meM saptamI vibhakti na hokara dvitIyA vibhakti hai, isaliye yaha sAdhana vyabhicAra hai| puruSa vyabhicAra yathA--'ehi manye rathena yAsyasi, na hi yAsyasi yAtaste pitA' = Ao, tuma samajhate ho ki maiM ratha se jAU~gA, nahIM jaaoge| tumhAre pitA gaye / yahA~ manyase ke sthAna meM manye aura yAsyAbhi ke sthAna para yAsyasi kriyA kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, isalie yaha puruSa vyabhicAra hai| ___ kAla vyabhicAra-vizvadRzvAsya putro janitA = isakA vizvadRzvA 'putra hogaa| yahA~ vizvadRzvA kartA rakhakara janitA kriyA kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai isalie yaha ubhaya vyabhicAra hai athavA bhAvikRtyAsIt hone vAlA kArya ho gayA yahA~ hone vAle kArya ko ho gayA batalAyA gayA hai| isalie yaha kAla vyabhicAra hai| upagraha vyabhicAra yathA-satiSThate pratiSThita viramati uparamati yahA~ sam aura pra upasarga ke kAraNa sthA dhAtu kA Atmane pada prayoga tathA 'vi' aura 'upa' upasarga ke kAraNa ram dhAtu kA parasmaipada meM prayoga kiyA gayA hai, isalie yaha upagraha hai| yadyapi vyavahAra meM aise prayoga hote haiM, tathApi isa prakAra ke vyavahAra ko zabdanaya anucita
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________________ 224 prameya ratnamAlAyAM samabhirUDhaH / paryAyanAnAtvamantareNApIndrAdibhedakathanaM tadAbhAsaH kriyAzrayeNa bhedaprarUpaNamitthambhAvaH / kriyAnirapekSatvena kriyAvAcakeSu kAlpaniko vyavahArastadAbhAsa iti / iti naya-tadAbhAsalakSaNaM saGkSepeNoktam, vistareNa nayacakrAtpratipattavyam / mAnatA hai aura paryAyArthika naya kI dRSTi se sAtha sambandha nahIM bana sakatA / anya artha kA anya artha ke ( sarvArthasiddhi, 1133 ) paryAya ke bheda se padArtha ke nAnApane kA nirUpaNa karane vAlA samabhirUDhanaya hai / paryAya ke nAnAtva ke binA hI indrAdi ke bheda kA kathana karanA samabhirUr3hanayAbhAsa hai / vizeSa - paryAyavAcI zabdoM meM bhI zabda siddhiviSayaka bheda hai, isaliye unake vAcya arthoM ko judA mAnane vAlA samabhirUr3ha naya hai / jaise-- parama aizvarya kI apekSA indra kahanA ucita hai, zakti kI apekSA zakra kahanA ucita hai, puroM ko vidIrNa karane vAle kI apekSA puraMdara kahanA ThIka hai / ityAdi aura bhI jo paryAyavAcI zabda hote haiM ve sava zabdabheda ke kAraNa kucha na kucha bheda hI dikhAte haiM / ( syAdvAda maJjarI, pR0 204 ) karanA evambhUta naya hai / kriyA zabdoM meM kAlpanika vyavahAra kriyA ke Azraya se bheda kA nirUpaNa kI apekSA se rahita hokara kriyAvAcaka evambhUtAbhAsa hai / vizeSa - jo vastu jisa paryAya ko prApta huI hai, usI rUpa nizcaya karAne vAle naya ko evaMbhUta naya kahate haiM / Azaya yaha hai ki jisa zabda kA jo vAcya hai, usa rUpa kriyA ke pariNamana ke samaya hI usa zabda kA prayoga karanA yukta hai, anya samaya meM nahIM / jabhI AjJA aizvarya vAlA ho, tabhI indra hai, abhiSeka karane vAlA nahIM, aura na pUjA karane vAlA hI / sotI huI hI / jaba gamana karatI ho, tabhI gAya hai, baiThI huI nahIM aura na athavA jisa rUpa se arthAt jisa jJAna se AtmA pariNata ho, usI rUpa se usakA nizcaya karAne vAlA naya evambhUta naya hai / yathA -- indra rUpa jJAna se pariNata AtmA indra hai aura agni rUpa jJAna se pariNata AtmA agni hai / ( sarvArthasiddhi, 1133 ) isa prakAra naya aura nayAbhAsa ke lakSaNa saMkSepa meM kahe gaye haiM vistAra se nayacakra se jAnanA cAhiye / vizeSa - naya kI aneka paribhASAyeM dI gaI haiM jinameM se kucha nimnalikhita haiM
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________________ SaSThaH samuddezaH 225 - 1. pramANa ke dvArA gRhIta jJAna ke aMza ko grahaNa karane vAlA naya hai| 2. zrutavikalpa naya hai| 3. jJAtA kA abhiprAya vizeSa naya hai / 4. nAnA svabhAva se jo alaga kara eka svabhAva meM vastu ko jAnakarAye vaha naya hai| ina saba nayoM meM pUrva-pUrva naya bahuviSaya vAlA aura kAraNa bhUta hai / bAda bAda vAle naya alpaviSaya aura kAryabhUta haiN| saMgrahanaya kI apekSA negama bahuviSaya vAlA hai, kyoki bhAva aura abhAva donoM ko viSaya karatA hai| jaise sat vastu ke viSaya meM saMkalpa hotA hai, usI prakAra asat ke 'viSaya meM bhI hotA hai| saMgrahanaya kA viSaya naigama naya se alpa viSaya vAlA, kyoMki vaha sattA mAtra ko viSaya karatA hai, usakA kArya negama pUrvaka hai| saMgraha se vyavahAra bhI tatpUrvaka hai, vaha sat mAtra kI jAnakArI karAne vAle saMgraha naya kI apekSA alpaviSaya vAlA hI hai| tInoM kAloM ke padArthoM ko viSaya banAne vAle vyavahAranaya se RjasUtra bhI tatpUrvaka hai, kyoMki RjusUtra kA viSaya vartamAnakAlavartI padArtha hai / isa prakAra RjusUtra vyavahAra naya kI apekSA alpaviSaya vAlA hai| kArakAdi bheda se abhinnArtha kA pratipAdana karane vAlA RjusUtra hai| tatpUrvaka zabda naya hai, jo ki alpaviSaya vAlA hai| paryAya bheda se arthabheda kA pratipAdana karane vAle zabdanaya se tatpUrvaka hone vAlA samabhirUr3ha naya alpaviSaya vAlA hI hai| kriyA bheda se bhinna artha ko prakaTa karane vAle samabhirUDha naya se tatpUrvaka hone vAlA evambhUta alpaviSaya vAlA hI hai| jahA~ uttara uttara naya padArtha ke aMza meM pravRtta karate haiM, vahA~ pUrva-pUrva naya vidyamAna rahatA hI hai| jaise eka hajAra meM sAta sau athavA sAta sau meM pA~ca sau| kisI pakSI kI AvAja ko udAharaNa mAnakara sAtoM nayoM meM isa prakAra ghaTita kiyA hai| naigama naya vAlA kahatA hai ki grAma meM pakSI kI AvAja ho rahI hai / saMgraha naya vAlA kahatA hai ki vRkSa para pakSI bola rahA hai| vyavahAra naya vAlA kahatA hai ki tane para pakSI bola rahA hai| RjasUtra naya vAlA kahatA hai ki zAkhA para pakSo bola rahA hai| zabda naya vAlA kahatA hai ki ghoMsale meM pakSI bola rahA hai| samabhirUr3ha naya vAlA kahatA hai ki apane zarIra meM pakSI bola rahA hai| evambhUta naya vAlA kahatA hai ki pakSI kaNTha meM bola rahA hai| (TippaNa)
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________________ 226 prameyaratnamAlAyAM athavA sambhavadvidyamAnamanyadvAdalakSaNaM patralakSaNaM vA'nyatroktamiha draSTavyam / tathA cAha-samarthavacanaM vAda iti / prasiddhAvayavaM vAkyaM sveSTasyArthasya sAdhakam / sAdhugUDhapadaprAyaM patramAhuranAkulam / / 42 / / iti parIkSAmukhamAdarza heyopAdeyatattvayoH / saMvide mAdRzo bAlaH parIkSAdakSavaDhyadhAm // 2 // vyadhAmakRtavAnasmi / kimartham ? sNvide| kasya ? mAdRzaH / ahaM ca kathambhUta ityAha-bAlo mandamatiH / anauddhatyasUcakaM vacanametat / tattvajJatvaJca prArabdhanirvahaNAdevAvasIyate / kiM tat ? parIkSAmukham / tadeva nirUpayati Adarza miti / kayoH ? heyopAdeyatattvayoH yathaivA''darza Atmano'laGkAramaNDitasya saurUpyaM vairUpyaM vA pratibimbopadarzanadvAreNa sUcayati, tathedamapi heyopAdeyatattvaM sAdhanadUSaNopadarzanadvAreNa nizcAyayatItyAdarzatvena nirUpyate / ka iva ? parIkSAdakSavat parIkSAdakSa iva / yathA __ athavA zAstrArtha meM sambhava arthAt vidyamAna anya jo vAda kA lakSaNa hai athavA patra kA lakSaNa hai jo ki patra parIkSA Adi granthoM meM varNita hai; vaha yahA~ para darzanIya hai| jaisA ki kahA hai-samartha vacana ko vAda kahate haiN| zlokArtha-jisameM ( anumAna ke ) avayava pAe jAya~ jo apane iSTa artha kA sAdhaka ho, jo nirdoSa gUr3ha rahasya vAle padoM se vyApta ho, aise anAkula ( abAdhita ) vAkya ko patra kahate haiM / / 42 / / zlokArtha-chor3ane yogya aura grahaNa karane yogya tattva ke jJAna ke lie darpaNa ke samAna isa parIkSAmukha grantha ko mujha sadRza bAlaka ne parIkSA meM nipuNa puruSa ke samAna racA / / 2 / / vyadhAm = kiyA hai| kisalie? jJAna ke lie| kisake jJAna ke lie? mujha jaise mandabuddhiyoM ke jJAna ke lie| maiM kaisA hU~, isake viSaya meM kahA hai-bAla-mandabuddhi / yaha vacana anuddhatatA kA sUcaka hai| tattvajJatA to prArambha kie hue kArya ke nirvAha se jAnI jAtI hai| vaha kArya kyA hai ? prokssaamukh| usI kA Adarza ke samAna nirUpaNa kara rahe haiN| kinakA? heya aura upAdeya tattvoM kaa| jisa prakAra Adarza ( darpaNa) alaMkAroM meM maNDita apanI svarUpatA yA virUpatA ko pratibimba dikhalAne ke dvArA sUcita karatA hai, usI prakAra yaha grantha bhI hetu aura upAdeya tattva kA sAdhana aura dUSaNa dikhalAne ke dvAra se nizcaya karAtA hai ataH
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________________ tRtIyaH samuddezaH 227 parIkSAdakSaH svaprArabdhazAstraM nirUDhavAMstathA'hamapItyarthaH / . akalaGkazazAGgairyatprakaTIkRtamakhilamAnanibhanikaram / tatsakSiptaM sUribhirurumatibhivyaktametena / / 12 / / iti parIkSAmukhalaghuvRttau pramANAdyAbhAsasamuddazaH SaSThaH / usakA Adarza ke rUpa meM nirUpaNa hai / kisake samAna ? parokSa meM dakSa ke samAna / jaise parIkSA meM dakSa apane prArambha kiye hue zAstra ko pUrA karake nirvAha karatA hai usI prakAra maiMne bhI apane kartavya kA nirvAha kiyA hai| zlokArtha-akalaMka deva rUpI candramA ke dvArA jo pramANa aura pramANAbhAsa kA samUha prakaTa kiyA gayA hai use vizAla baddhi AcArya mANikyanandi ne saMkSipta kiyA, use hI isa TIkA dvArA ( anantavIrya ne) vyakta kiyA hai / / 12 // vizeSa-samasta vAdiyoM ne pramANoM kI saMkhyA bhinna-bhinna kahI hai / cArvAka kevala pratyakSa ko hI pramANa mAnate haiN| bauddhoM ke yahA~ pratyakSa aura anumAna do pramANa haiN| pratyakSa, anumAna aura zAbda ye tIna pramANa sAMkhya mAnatA hai, naiyAyika loga pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna aura zabda ye cAra pramANa mAnate haiN| bhATTa loga pratyakSa, anumAna, zAbda, upamAna aura arthApatti ye pA~ca pramANa mAnate haiN| mImAMsaka pratyakSa, anumAna, zAbda, upamAna, arthApatti aura abhAva pramANa mAnate haiN| jaina parokSa aura pratyakSa do pramANa mAnate haiN| TippaNakAra ne apane-apane tarka ke bheda se chaha darzana mAne haiM-jaina, mImAMsaka, bauddha, sAMkhya, zaiva aura cArvAka / isa prakAra parIkSAmukha kI laghuvRtti meM pramANAbhAsAdi varNanaparaka SaSTha samuddeza pUrNa huaa|
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________________ TIkAkArasya prazastiH zrImAn vejeyanAmAbhUdagraNIguNazAlinAm / badarIpAlavaMzAlivyomadhumaNirUjitaH // 1 // tadIyapatno bhuvi vizrutA''sInnANAmbanAmnA gunnshiilsiimaa| yAM revatIti prathitAmbiketi prabhAvatIti pravadanti santaH / / 2 / / tasyAmabhUdvizvajanonavRtti dardAnAbuvAho bhuvi hIrapAkhyaH / svagotravistAranabhoM'zumAlI smyktvrtnaabhrnnaarcitaanggH|| 3 / / tasyoparodhavazato vizadorukIrtermANikyanandikRtazAstramagAdhabodham / spaSTIkRtaM katipayairvacanairudArairbAlaprabodhakarametadanantavIryaiH / / 4 / / iti prameyaratnamAlA'paranAmadheyA parIkSAmukhalaghuvRttiH samAptA / TIkAkAra prazasti zlokArtha-badarIpAla vaMzAvalI rUpI AkAza meM sUrya ke samAna ojasvI guNazAliyoM meM agraNI vaijeya nAmaka zrImAn hue // 1 // zlokArtha-guNa aura zIla kI sImA svarUpa 'nANamba' nAma se pRthvI para prasiddha usakI patnI thii| jo revatI isa nAma se prasiddha thI tathA jise sajjana loga ambikA, prabhAvatI isa nAma se bhI pukArate the // 2 // zlokArtha-usake vizva kA hita karane kI manovRtti vAlA, dAna dene ke lie megha svarUpa, apane gotra ke vistAra rUpa AkAza kA sUrya aura samyaktva rUpa ratnAbharaNa se aciMta aGga vAlA saMsAra meM hIrapa nAma se prasiddha putra huaa| zlokArtha-vizada aura vistIrNa kIrti vAle usa hIrapa ke Agraha vaza isa anantavorya ne mANikyanandikRta agAdha bodha vAle isa zAstra ko kucha saMkSipta kintu udAra (gambhIra aura utkaTa ) vacanoM ke dvArA bAlakoM (azraddhAna lakSaNa rUpa anAdi mithyAtva ke kAraNa heyopAdeya tattva se anabhijJoM) ko prabodha karane vAle (yathArtha zraddhAna lakSaNa samyaktva rUpa udyota se heyopAdeya kA parijJAna karAne vAle ) isa zAstra ko spaSTa kiyA hai||4|| isa prakAra jisakA dUsarA nAma prameyaratnamAlA hai, . aisI yaha parIkSAmukha laghuvRtti samApta huii|
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________________ sUtrAGkAH prathamaH samuddezaH pariziSTam parIkSAmukha- sUtrapAThaH pramANAdartha saM siddhastadAbhAsAdviparyayaH / iti vakSye tayorlakSma siddhamalpaM laghIyasaH // 1 // 1. svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmakaM jJAnaM pramANam / 2. hitAhitaprApti parihArasamarthaM hi pramANaM tato jJAnameva tat / 3. tannizcayAtmakaM samAropaviruddhatvAdanumAnakt / 4. anizcito'pUrvArthaH / 5. dRSTo'pi samAropAttAdRk / 6. svonmukhatayA pratibhAsanaM svasya vyavasAyaH / 7. arthasyeva tadunmukhatayA / 8. ghaTamahamAtmanA vedmi / 9. karmavatkartRkaraNakriyApratIteH / 10. zabdAnuccAraNe'pi svasyAnubhavanamarthavat / 11. ko vA tatpratibhAsinamarthamadhyakSa micchaMstadeva tathA necchet / 12. pradIpavat / 13. tatprAmANyaM svataH paratazca / dvitIyaH samuddezaH 1. tad dvedhA / 2. pratyakSetarabhedAt / pRSThAGkAH 1-28 vizadaM pratyakSam / 4. pratItyantarAvyavadhAnena vizeSavattayA vA pratibhAsanaM vaizadyam 5. indriyAnindriyanimittaM dezataH sAMvyavahArikam / 6. nArthAloko kAraNaM paricchedyatvAttamovat / 7. tadanvayavyatirekAnuvidhAnabhAvAcca vezoNDu va jJAnavannatta JcarajJAnavacca / 4 10 13 14 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 19 20 21 29-82 29 29 42 43 45 47 47
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________________ 48 230 prameyaratnamAlAyAM sudhaakkaa pRSThAGkAH 8. atajjanyamapi tatprakAzakaM pradIpavat / 9. svAvaraNakSayopazamalakSaNayogyatayA hi pratiniyatamathaM vyavasthApayati / 49 10. kAraNasya ca paricchedyatve karaNAdinA vyabhicAraH / 11. sAmagrIvizeSavizleSitAkhilAvaraNamatIndriyamazeSato mukhyam / 12. sAvaraNatve karaNajanyatve ca pratibandhasambhavAt / tRtIyaH samuddezaH 83.153 1. parokSamitarat / 2. pratyakSAdinimittaM smRtipratyabhijJAnatarkAnumAnAgamabhedam / 3. saMskArobodhanibandhanA tadityAkArA smRtiH| 4. sa devadatto ythaa| 5. darzanasmaraNakAraNakaM saGkalanaM pratyabhijJAnam / tadevedaM tatsadRzaM tadvi____ lakSaNaM tatpratiyogItyAdi / 6. yathA sa evAyaM devadattaH / gosadRzo gavayaH / govilakSaNo mahiSaH / idamasmAd dUram / vRkSo'yamityAdi / 7. upalambhAnupalambhanimittaM vyAptijJAnamUhaH / 8. idamasmin satyeva, bhavatyasati tu na bhavatyeveti ca / 9. yathA'gnAveva dhUmastadabhAve na bhavatyeveti ca / 10. sAdhanAtsAdhyavijJAnamanumAnam / 11. sAdhyAvinAbhAvitvena nizcito hetuH / . 12. sahakramabhAvaniyamo'vinAbhAvaH / 13. sahacAriNoApyavyApakayozca sahabhAvaH / 14. pUrvottaracAriNoH kAryakAraNayozca kramabhAvaH / 15. tttinnirnnyH| 16. iSTamabAdhitamasiddha sAdhyam / 17. sandigdhaviparyastAvyutpannAnAM sAdhyatvaM yathA syAdityasiddhapadam / 18. aniSTAdhyakSAdibAdhitayoH sAdhyatvaM mAbhU ditISTAbAdhitavacanam / 19. na cAsiddhavadiSTaM prativAdinaH / 20. pratyAyanAya hIcchA vaktureva / 21. sAdhyaM dharmaH kvacittadviziSTo vA dharmI / 22. pakSa iti yAvat / 23. prasiddho dhrmii|
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________________ sUtrAGkAH 24. vikalpa siddhe tasmin sattetare sAdhye | 25. asti sarvajJo nAsti kharaviSANam / parIkSAmukha-sUtrapAThaH 26. pramANobhayasiddhe tu sAdhyadharmaviziSTatA / 27. agnimAnayaM deza: pariNAmI zabda iti yathA / 28. vyAptau tu sAdhyaM dharma eva / 29. anyathA tadaghaTanAt / 30. sAdhyadharmAdhArasandehApanodAya gamyamAnasyApi pakSasya vacanam I 31. sAdhyardhAmaNi sAdhanadharmAvabodhanAya pakSadharmopasaMhAravat / 32. ko vA vidhA hetumuktvA samarthayamAno na pakSayati / 33. etad-dvayamevAnumAnAGgaM nodAharaNam / 34. na hi tatsAdhyapratipatyaGga tatra yathoktahetoreva vyApArAt / 35. tadavinAbhAvanizcayArtha vA vipakSe bAdhakAdeva tatsiddheH / 48. tadanumAnaM dvedhA / 49. svArthaparArtha bhedAt / 36. vyaktirUpaM ca nidarzanaM sAmAnyena tu vyAptistatrApi tadvipratipattAvana - vasthAnaM syAd dRSTAntAntarApekSaNAt / 37. nApi vyAptismaraNArthaM tathAvidhahetuprayogAdeva tatsmRteH / 38. tatparamabhidhIyamAnaM sAdhyadharmiNi sAdhyasAdhane sandehayati / 39. kuto'nyathopanayanigamane / 40. na ca te tadaGge, sAdhyadharmiNi hetusAdhyayorvacanAdevAsaMzayAt / 41. samarthanaM vA varaM heturUpamanumAnAvayavo vAstu, sAdhye tadupayogAt / 42. bAlavyutpattyarthaM tattrayopagame zAstra evAsau, na vAde'nupayogAt / 43. dRSTAnto dveSA -- anvayavyatirekabhedAt / 44. sAdhyavyAptaM sAdhanaM yatra pradarzyate so'nvayadRSTAntaH / 45. sAdhyAbhAve sAdhanAbhAvo yatra kathyate sa vyatireka dRSTAntaH / 46. hetorupasaMhAra upanayaH / 47. pratijJAyAstu nigamanam / 50. svArthamuktalakSaNam / 51. parArthaM tu tadarthaparAmarzivacanAjjAtam / 52. tadvavacanamapi taddhetutvAt / 53. sa heturdeSopalabdhyanupalabdhibhedAt / 231 pRSThAGkAH 96 97 98 99 99 100 100 101 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 108 109 109 110 110 110 110 111 112
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________________ 232 sUtrAGkAH pRSThAGkAH 54. upalabdhividhipratiSedhayoranupalabdhizca / 113 55. aviruddhopalabdhividhau SoDhA vyApyakAryakAraNapUrvottarasahacarabhedAt / 113 56. rasAdekasAmagrayanumAnena rUpAnumAnamicchadbhiriSTameva kiJcitkAraNaM prameyaratnamAlAyAM hetuyaMtra sAmarthyApratibandhakAraNAntarAvaikalye / 114 57. na ca pUrvottaracAriNostAdAtmyaM tadutpattirvA kAlavyavadhAne tadanupalabdheH 115 58. bhAvyatItayormaraNajAgradbodhayorapi nAriSTodbodhau prati hetutvam / 59. tad vyApArAzritaM hi tadbhAvabhAvitvam / 116 116 117. 60. sahacAriNorapi parasparaparihAreNAvasthAnAtsahotpAdAcca / 61. pariNAmI zabdaH kRtakatvAt, ya evaM sa evaM dRSTo yathA ghaTaH kRtakazcAyam, tasmAtpariNAmIti / yastu na pariNAmI sa na kRtako dRSTo yathA bandhyAstanandhayaH, kRtakazcAyam / tasmAtpariNAmI / 62. astyatra dehini buddhirvyAhArAdeH / 63. astyatracchAyA chatrAt / 64. udeSyati zakaTaM kRttikodayAt / 65. udgAdbharaNiH prAktata eva / 66. astyatra mAtuliGge rUpaM rasAt / 67. viruddhatadupalabdhiH pratiSedhe tathA / 68. nAstyatra zItasparza auSNayAt / 69. nAstyatra zItasparzo dhUmAt / 70. nAsmin zarIriNi sukhamasti hRdayazalyAt / 71. nodeSyati muhUrtAnte zakaTaM revatyudayAt / 72. nodagAdbharaNimuhUrtAtpUrvaM puSyodayAt / 73. nAstyatra bhittau parabhAgAbhAvo'rvAgbhAgadarzanAt / 74. aviruddhAnupalabdhiH pratiSedhe saptadhA svabhAvavyApakakAryakAraNapUrvottara sahacarAnupalambhabhedAt / 75. nAstyatra bhUtale ghaTo'nupalabdheH / 76. nAstyatra zizapA vRkSAnupalabdheH / 77. nAstyatrApratibaddhasAmarthyo'gnirdhUmAnupalabdheH / 78. nAstyatra dhUmo'nagneH / 79. na bhaviSyati muhUrttAnta zakaTaM kRtikodayAnupalabdheH / 80. nodagAdbharaNimuhUrtAtprAk tata eva / 118 118 119 119 119. 119 119. 120 120 120 121 121 121. 121. 122 122 122 123 123 123
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________________ parIkSAmukha-sUtrapAThaH sUtrAGkAH 81. nAstyatra samatulAyAmunnAmo nAmAnupalabdheH / 82. viruddhAnupalabdhividhI tredhA - viruddha kAryakAraNasvabhAvAnupalabdhi bhedAt / 83. yathA'smin prANini vyAdhivizeSo'sti nirAmaya ceSTAnupalabdhaH / 84. astyatra dehini duHkhamiSTasaMyogAbhAvAt / 85. anekAntAtmakaM vastvekAntasvarUpAnupalabdheH / 86. paramparayA sambhavatsAdhanamatraivAntarbhAvanIyam / 87. abhUdatra cakre zivakaH sthAsAt / 88 kAryakAryamaviruddhakAryopalabdhau / 89. nAstyatra guhAyAM mRgakrIDanaM mRgArisaMzabdanAt kAraNaviruddhakAryaM viruddha kAryopalabdhau yathA / 90. vyutpannaprayogastu tathopapattyA'nyathAnupapattyaiva vA / 91. agnimAnayaM dezastathaiva dhUmavattvopapattedhUmavattvAnyathAnupapattervA / 92. hetuprayogo hi yathA vyAptigrahaNaM vidhIyate sA ca tAvanmAtreNa vyutpannaMravadhAryate / 93. tAvatA ca sAdhyasiddhiH / 94. tena pakSastadAdhArasUcanAyoktaH / 95. AptavacanAdinibandhanamarthajJAnamAgamaH / 96. sahaja yogyatAsaGketavazAddhi zabdAdayo vastupratipattihetavaH / 97. yathA mervAdayaH santi / caturthaH samuddezaH 1. sAmAnyAvizeSAtmA tadartho viSayaH / 2. anuvRttavyAvRttapratyayagocaratvAt pUrvottarAkAraparihArAvAptisthitilakSaNapariNAmenArtha kriyopapattezca / 3. sAmAnyaM dvedhA tiryagUrdhvatAbhedAt / 4. sadRzapariNAmastiryak khaNDamuNDAdiSu gotvavat / 5. parAparavivartavyApi dravyamUrdhvatA mRdiva sthAsAdiSu / 6. vizeSazca / 7. paryAyavyavirekabhedAt / 8. ekasmin dravye kramabhAvinaH pariNAmAH paryAyA Atmani harSaviSAdAdivata / 233 pRSThAGkAH 123 4. 123 124 124 124 125 125. 125 126 126. 126 127 127 128 128 147 148 154-189. 154 181 182 182 182 183 183. 18
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________________ 234 prameyaratnamAlAyAM 196 6 200 sUtrAGkAH pRSThAGkAH 9. arthAntaragato visadRzapariNAmo vyatireko gomahiSAdivat / 188 paJcamaH samudezaH 190-191 1. ajJAnanivRttirhAnopAdAnopekSAzca phalam / 190 2. pramANAdabhinna bhinnaM ca / / 3. yaH pramimIte sa eva nivRttAjJAno jahAtyAdatta upekSate ceti prtiiteH| 190 SaSThaH samuddezaH 192-227 1. tatonyattadAbhAsam / 2. asvasaMviditagRhItArthadarzanasaMzayAdayaH pramANAbhAsAH / 3. svaviSayopadarzakatvAbhAvAt / / 4. puruSAntara pUrvArthagacchatRNasparzasthANupuruSAdijJAnavat / 5. cakSurasayordravye saMyuktasamavAyavacca / 6. avaizaye pratyakSaM tadAbhAsaM bauddhasyAkasmAddha madarzanAdvahnivijJAnavat / 7. vaizo'pi parokSaM tadAbhAsaM mImAMsakasya karaNajJAnavat / 8. atasmistaditi jJAnaM smaraNAbhAsaM jinadatte sa devadatto yathA / 9. sadRze tadevedaM tasminneva tena sadRzaM yamalakavadityAdi pratyabhijJAnAbhAsam / 201 10. asambaddha tajjJAnaM tarkAbhAsaM yAvAMstatputraH sa zyAmo yathA / 11. idamanumAnAbhAsam / 12. tatrAniSTAdiH pakSAbhAsaH / / 202 13. aniSTo mImAMsakasyAnityaH zabdaH / 202 14. siddhaH zrAvaNaH zabdaH / 15. bAdhitaH pratyakSAnumAnAgamalokasvavacanaiH / 202 16. tatra pratyakSa bAdhitoyathA-anuSNo'gnidravyatvAjjalavat / 203 17. apariNAmI zabdaH kRtakatvAd ghaTavat / 203 18. pratyAsukhaprado dharmaH puruSAzritatvAdadharmavat / 203 19. zucinaraziraHkapAlaM prANyaGgatvAcchaGkhazuktivat / 20. mAtA me vandhyA puruSasaMyoge'pyagarbhavattvAprasiddhavandhyAvat 204 21. hetvAbhAsA asiddhAviruddhAnakAntikAkiJcitkarAH / 22. asatsattAnizcayo'siddhaH / 204 23. avidyamAnasattAkaH pariNAmI zabdazcAkSuSatvAt / 200 201 203 204 204 .
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________________ parokSAmukha-sUtrapAThaH 235 sUtrAGkAH pRSThAGkAH 24. svarUpeNAmattvAt / 204 25. avidyamAnanizcayo mugdhabuddhi pratyagniratra mAta / 205 26. tasya bASpAdibhAvena bhUtasaMghAte sandehAt / 27. sAMkhyaM prati pariNAmI zabdaH kRtakatvAt / 28. tenAjJAtatvAt / 206 29. viparItanizcitAvinAbhAvo viruddho'pariNAmI zabdaH kRtakatvAt / 30. vipakSe'pyaviruddha vattiranaikAntikaH / 206 31. nizcitavRttiranityaH zabdaH prameyatvAd ghaTavat / 207 32. AkAze nitye'pyasya nizcayAt / 33. zaGkitavRttistu nAsti sarvajJo vaktRtvAt / 208 34. sarvajJatvena vaktRtvAvirodhAt / 35. siddhe pratyakSAdibAdhite ca sAdhye heturakiJcitkaraH / 208. 36. siddhaH zrAvaNaH zabdaH zabdatvAt / 208 37. kiJcidakaraNAta / 208 38. yathAnuSNo'gnidravyatvAdityAdau kinycitkrtumshkytvaat| 209. 39. lakSaNa evAsI doSo vyutpanna prayogasya pakSa doSeNava duSTatvAt / 209 40. dRSTAntAbhAsA anvaye'siddhasAdhanobhayAH / 209 41. apauruSeyaH zabdo'mUrtatvAdindri yasukhaparamANughaTavat / 42. viparItAnvayazca yadapauruSeyaM tadamUrtam / 43. vidyudAdinA'tiprasaGgAt / 44. vyatireke'siddha tavyatirekAH paramANvindriyasukhAkAzavata / 211 45. viparItavyatirekazca yannAmUrta tannApauruSeyam / 211 46. bAlaprayogAbhAsaH paJcAvayaveSu kiyddhiintaa| 211 47. agnimAnayaM dezo dhUmavattvAt, yaditthaM taditthaM yathA mahAnasa iti / 48. dhUmavAMzcAyamiti vA / 212 49. tasmAdagnimAn dhUmavAMzcAyamiti / 50. spaSTatayA prakRtapratipattarayogAt / 51. rAgadveSamohAkrAntapuruSavacanAjjAtamAgamAbhAsam / 52. yathAnadyAstIre modakarAzayaH santi dhAvadhvaM mANavakAH / 53. aGgulyagre hastiyUthazatamAsta iti ca / 54. visaMvAdAt / 213 212 212 212 N 213 mr
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________________ -236 prameyaratnamAlAyAM 217 sUtrAkA pRSThAGkAH .55. pratyakSamevaikaM pramANa mityAdi saMkhyAbhAsam / 214 56. lokAyatikasya pratyakSataH paralokAdiniSedhasya parabuddhayAdezcAsiddharata dviSayatvAt / * 57. saugata-sAMkhya-yoga-prAbhAkarajaiminIyAyAM pratyakSAnumAnAgamopamAnArthApattyabhAvarekakAdhikAptivat / 215 .58. anumAnAdestadviSayatve pramANAntaratvam / 215 59. tarkasyeva vyAptigocaratve pramANAntaratvamapramANasyAvyavasthApakatvAt / 215 60. pratibhAsabhedasya ca bhedakatvAt / 216 61. viSayAbhAsaH sAmAnya vizeSo dvayaM vA svatantram / 216 * 62. tathA pratibhAsanAtkAryAkaraNAcca / 63. samarthasya karaNe sarvadotpattiranapekSatvAt / 64. parApekSaNe pariNAmatvamanyathA tadabhAvAt / 65. svayamasamarthasyAkArakatvAtpUrvavat / 217 66. phalAbhAsaM pramANAdabhinna bhinnameva vA / 218 67. abhede tadvyavahArAnupapatteH / 68. vyAvRttyA'pi na tatkalpanA phalAntarAd vyAvRttyA'phalatvaprasaGgAt / 218 69. pramANAntarAd vyAvRttyevApramANatvasya / 70. tasmAdvAstavo bhedaH / 219 71. bhede tvAtmAntaravattadanupapatteH / 72. samavAye'tiprasaGgaH / 73. pramANatadAbhAsau duSTatayodbhAvitau parihRtAparihRtadoSau vAdinaH sAdhanatadAbhAsau prativAdino dUSaNabhUSaNe ca / 220 -74. sambhavadanyadvicAraNIyam / 220 parIkSAmukhamAdarza heyopAdeyatattvayoH / saMvide mAdRzo bAla: parIkSAdakSavad vyadhAm / / 2 / / 218 218 219
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