Anekant 2006 Book 59 Ank 01 to 04

Author(s): Jaikumar Jain
Publisher: Veer Seva Mandir Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/538059/1

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kttkm - 3|6qsladil II -- - * * - -- - - paak, vIra sevA maMdira 21, fa fa -2 /

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vIra sevA maMdira kA traimAsika anekAnta pravarttaka : A. jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' isa aMka meM kahA~ / kyA ? 1 adhyAtma pada 2 sampAdakIya 3 pa pravara sumerucanda divAkara kI dRSTi meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi - - DaoN rAjendra kumAra basala 12 4 dUdha zAkAhAra hai vaijJAnika tathya - ailaka nirbhayasAgara mahArAja 20 5 zrAvakAcAra saMgraha meM AvazyakoM kA svarUpa 6 zrI somadevasUri dvArA pratipAdita ahisA 7. 'kevalajJAna' eka vizleSaNa 8 pacAsa varSa pUrva - kavivara bhUdharadAsa 10 Ayurveda ke graMthoM kI racanA prakriyA meM jaina manISiyoM kA yogadAna 1 2 - DaoN anekAnta kumAra jaina 30 - -DaoN jaya kumAra jaina 62 - pakaja jaina 'lalita' 72 jaina dharma aura bauddha dharma eka nahIM - jagadIzacandra jaina 84 9 sallekhanA pUrvaka samAdhi maraNa - pa sanata kumAra, vinoda kumAra jaina 94 * AyurvedAcArya rAjakumAra 104 varSa - 59, kiraNa - 1-2 janavarI-jUna 2006 sampAdaka DaoN. jayakumAra jaina 429, paTela nagara mujaphpharanagara ( u pra ) phona : (0131) 2603730 saha sampAdaka saMjIva jaina parAmarzadAtA : paM. padmacandra zAstrI saMsthA kI AjIvana sadasyatA 1100/ anekAnta vArSika zulka 30/ isa aMka kA mUlya 10/ sadasyoM va maMdiro ke lie niHzulka prakAzaka : bhAratabhUSaNa jaina, eDavAkaTa mudraka mAsTara prinTarsa, dillI-32 . vizeSa sUcanA : vidvAn lekhaka apane vicAroM ke lie svatantra haiN| yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki sampAdaka unake vicAroM se sahamata ho / vIra sevA maMdira ( jaina darzana zodha saMsthAna ) 21 dariyAgaMja, naI dillI- 110002, dUrabhASa : 23250522 1 saMsthA ko dI gaI mahAyatA rAzi para dhArA 80 jI ke aMtargata Ayakara meM chUTa (raji. Ara 10591 /62)

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7056) adhyAtma-pada aba mere samakita sAbana aayo| bItI kurIti mithyAmati grISama, pAvasa sahaja suhaayo|| / / aba. / / anubhava dAminI damakana lAgI, surati ghaTA ghana chaayo| bolaiM vimala viveka papIhA, sumati suhAgina bhaayo| / ab.|| guru dhuni garaja sunata sukha upajai, mora sumana vihsaayo| sAdhaka bhAva aMkUra uThe bahu, jita tita haraSa svaayo|| / / ab.|| bhUla dhUla kahi mUla na sUjhata, samarasa jala bhara laayo| bhUdhara ko nikasai aba bAhira, nija niracU ghara paayo|| / / ab.|| -kavivara bhUdharadAsa

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sampAdakIya mAnava dharma : samaya kI pukAra -- DaoN. jayakumAra bhavabIjAGkurajananA rAgAdyAH kSayamupAgatAH yasya / brahmA vA viSNurvA haro jino vA namastasmai / / jaina Aja caturdik hiMsA kA prasAra bar3ha rahA hai / padalolupatA evaM parigrahalipsA ke cakkara meM phasA mAnava siddhAntahIna hokara jaghanya se jaghanya pApa karane meM saMkoca nahIM kara rahA hai / jo vaijJAnika sAdhana mAnavIya kalyANa ke lie ho sakate the, unhIM se hiMsA ko krUratama rUpa de diyA gayA hai| mAnava ke jIvana meM zAnti DhU~r3hane para bhI kahIM dRSTigocara nahIM hai / dainandina jIvana saMgharSamaya ho gayA hai / zAnti ke nAma para asImita dhana kharca kiyA jA rahA hai, narasaMhAra jaisI anaitika pravRttiyoM kA Azraya liyA jA rahA hai| phira bhI hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla, jamAkhorI evaM zoSaNa jaisI dRSpravRttiyA~ bar3hatI hI jA rahI haiN| Aja mAnava se hI mAnava ko jitanA bar3A khatarA utpanna ho gayA hai, utanA bar3A khatarA kisI prAkRtika ApadA se nahIM hai / suprasiddha sAhityakAra zrI viSNu prabhAkara ne likhA hai- " Aja deza meM dhana vaibhava ke mUlya bar3ha gaye haiM aura naitikatA ke mUlya zUnya ho gaye haiM / garIbI kI garimA, sAdagI kA saundarya, saMgharSa kA harSa, samatA kA svAda aura AsthA kA Ananda-ye saba hamAre AcaraNa meM se patajhara ke pattoM kI taraha jhara gaye haiM / Aja samAja kI sArI azAnti, sAre saMkleza, kyA isI vaicArika patajhara kA pariNAma nahIM hai?" I isa viSama paristhiti kA ilAja kevala dharmajJoM ke pAsa hI hai / dharma kA eka pakSa yadi vyaktivAdI ho sakatA hai to usake aneka pakSa sAmAjika haiM / sampUrNa mAnavoM kI pIr3A kI vimukti dharma kA sAmAjika

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anekAnta 59/1-2 pakSa hai| pUrvAgrahoM ko chor3akara yadi sabhI dharmoM ke jAnakAra samAja kA mArgadarzana kareM tathA buniyAdI rUpa se avivAdita ahiMsA, aparigraha, samanvaya, udAratA Adi udAtta dhArmika tattvoM kI anivAryatA ko samajhAyeM to koI kAraNa nahIM ki manuSya puna zAntipUrNa jIvana na vitA ske| dharma se hamAre jIvana meM mandira, masjida, gurudvArA, carca jaisI pavitratA evaM candana jaisI mahaka A sakatI hai| zAnta evaM tanAvahina jIvana jIne ke lie hameM apanA lakSya nirdhArita karanA hogaa| mahAbhArata meM to kurukSetra ke yuddha kI vAta hama kevala par3hate haiM, para vAstavikatA yaha hai ki Aja hama sabhI kA hRdaya kurukSetra banA huA hai| isakA kAraNa tere-mere kI vicAraNA hai| rAga-dvapa Adi vikRtiyoM ko haTAkara ise dharmakSetra banAne kI AvazyakatA hai| eka mahApurupa kA yaha ksh| sarvathA samIcIna hI hai ki-"vicAra kitane hI acche kyoM na hoM yAde tadanukUla AcaraNa nahIM hai to ve nirarthaka haiN|' mAnava sRSTi kA sabase vivekazIla prANI hai| isI kAraNa usame sukha kI AkAMkSA ke sAtha sukha prApta karane kA prayAsa bhI pAyA jAtA hai yahI prayAsa jaba vyaktivAdI pakSa ko chor3akara sAmAjika sukha ke lie kiyA jAtA hai, to vaha mAnava dharma kahalAtA hai| yaha durAgraha eva pathavyAmoha se rahita hotA hai| paMthavyAmoha kA koI vinA mAnava dhama apanI sArthakatA siddha nahIM kara sktaa| dharma virATa he 32 hindU, jena vauddha, IsAI, muslima kI sImAoM meM nahI vAMdhA jA sktaa| jo bAdhA jA sakatA hai, vaha patha yA saMpradAya hA sakatA hai, dharma nhiiN| dharma to sImAoM se pare hai| patha ko apanI mahattA hA sakatI haiM, para sAmAjika kalyANa ke kSetra meM yaha sImA hitakArI nahIM hai| duniyA~ me hisA sabase bar3A pApa hai| yadi dhama ke nAma para hitA kA Azraya liyA jAye gA isase bar3A pApa to kAi ho hI nahI sakatA, vaha to mahApApa hai| ahiMsA kI pratimA ke binA mAnavIyatA ko kalpanA durAzA mAtra hai| ahiMsA eka sarApha evaM vyAvahArika jIvana

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anekAnta 59/1-2 darzana hai, isase vaicArika pradUSaNa kA vinAza hotA hai tathA citta meM nirmalatA AtI hai| ahiMsA kI ArAdhanA ke lie AhAra zuddhi Avazyaka hai| zAkAhAra ahiMsaka pravRtti ko janma detA hai| jaina zAstroM meM hiMsA ke cAra rUpa varNita haiM-udyogI, virodhI, AraMbhI aura sNklpii| gRhastha apanI bhUmikA meM mAtra saMkalpI hiMsA kA tyAga karatA hai, to bhI vaha ahiMsaka kahalAne lagatA hai| ataH ahiMsA para kAyaratA yA palAyana kA Aropa kathamapi sahI nahIM hai| ahiMsA mAnavadharma kA prathama sopAna hai| nArAyaNa kRSNa ne ahiMsA kI sthApanA ke lie hI kauravoM ke samakSa Adhe rAjya kA prastAva rakhA thaa| unhoMne kahA "kurUNAM pANDavAnAM ca zamaH syAditi bhaart| apraNAzena vIrANAm etad yaacitumaagtH||" java unakA zAnti prastAva saphala nahIM huA, taba unheM dharmayuddha kI preraNA denI pdd'ii| mahAbhArata kI to spaSTa ghoSaNA hai-"ahiMsA paramo dharmaH, yato dharmastato jyH|" jainadharma meM bhAvahiMsA kA viziSTa kathana huA hai| tere-mere kI bhAvanA ke kAraNa hiMsA utpanna hotI hai, ataH rAga-dveSa kA abhAva hI vAstava meM ahiMsA hai| zrI amRtacandrAcArya ne kahA hai "aprAdurbhAvaH khalu rAgAdInAM bhvtyhiNseti| teSAmevotpattiH hiMseti jinAgamasya sNkssepH||" hiMsA ke Azraya se kabhI bhI kisI bhI samasyA kA aikAntika evaM Atyantika samAdhAna nahIM ho sakatA hai| tAtkAlika samAdhAna sA dikhAI dene para bhI vaha naI-naI samasyAoM ko janma detI hai| usakI sthiti to aisa vAlaka ke samAna hai jo tairanA to sIkhanA cAhatA hai, para pAnI chUnA nahIM caahtaa| athavA aisI nArI ke samAna hai jo apane kapola para lagI kAjala kI kAlimA ko darpaNa meM dekhakara darpaNa ko sApha karake use miTAnA cAhatI hai| hamArI sthiti bar3I vicitra hai| hama phala to

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anekAnta 59/4-2 ahiMsA kA cAhate haiM aura ahiMsA ko pAlate nahI haiN| hiMsA kA phala hama nahIM cAhate haiM, para hiMsA meM prayAsapUrvaka pravRtti karate haiM kahA bhI gayA hai "puNyasya phalamicchanti puNyaM necchanti mAnavAH / phalaM necchanti pApasya pApaM kurvanti ytntH||" yaha kathamapi saMbhava nahI hai ki hama babUla kA bIja boyeM aura usase utpanna vRkSa meM Ama ke phala lgeN| ataH hameM ahiMsA kI sUkSma vicAraNA kI apekSA sthUla rUpa se ahiMsA kA paripAlana karane ke lie tere-mere kI bhAvanA tyAganI hogii| prasiddha mAnavatAvAdI santa zrI gaNeza prasAda varNI kA kahanA hai ki- "jAnane ke lie tIna loka haiN| cAhe jitanA jAnate rho| tyAgane ke lie tIna hI vikAra haiM-rAga, dveSa aura moh| ye chUTa jAyeM to saMsAra kI sArI vyAdhiyA~ chUTa jaayeN|" dharma kI vyAkhyAyeM ava jana-hita meM karane kI AvazyakatA hai| anya manuSyoM ke sAtha vaisA vyavahAra karanA dharma hai, jaisA vyavahAra hama dUsaroM ke dvArA apane sAtha cAhate haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadeza meM pade-pade prANImAtra ke kalyANa kA bhAva hai| AcArya samantabhadra ne mahAvIra ke dharmasaMgha ko sabhI prANiyoM ke duHkhoM kA anta karane vAlA tathA sabhI kA kalyANa karane vAlA tIrtha kahA hai "sarvApadAm antakaraM nirantaM sarvodayaM tIrthamidaM tvaiv|" jaina AgamoM meM varNita kuladharma, grAmadharma, nagaradharma, rASTradharma aura gaNadharma dharma kI sAmAjika sApekSatA ko spaSTa karate haiN| sarvodaya tIrtha kA tAtparya hai smtaa| samatA kA bhAva dharma hai aura viSamatA adharma / bhagavAn mahAvIra samatA ke ArAdhaka the, koI samAja sudhAraka nhiiN| ataH yaha kahanA ki jainadharma kA udaya vaidika dharma ke virodha meM huA, kathaJcit bhI yathArtha nahI hai| AcAryoM kA kathana hai ki jagat meM nAnA

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anekAnta 59/1-2 jIva haiM, unake nAnA karma haiM aura unameM nAnA yogyatAyeM haiM ataH cAhe ve svadharmI hoM yA anyadharmI, unake sAtha vivAda mata kro| viSamatA cAhe AdhyAtmika kSetra meM ho yA Arthika kSetra meM ho; vaha kalyANa meM bAdhaka hai| arjana kI zuddhi, saMgraha kI sImA aura upabhoga kA sayama Arthika samatA lA sakatA hai to mAnavamAtra ko apane samAna mAnanA sAmAjika samatA utpanna kara sakatA hai| janmanA jAti meM vizvAsa samatA kA vikhaNDaka viSamatApUrNa siddhAnta thaa| kisI kAraNavaza isa siddhAnta ne samAja meM jar3eM jamA lIM thiiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne isakA virodha kiyaa| unhoMne pracalita jAtiyoM ko asvIkRta nahIM kiyA kintu AcaraNa yA kArya ke AdhAra para mAnane kA sUtra pratipAdita kiyaa| AcArya jinasena ne spaSTa ghoSaNA kI hai ki manuSya jAti eka hI hai| mAtra AjIvikA ke bheda se vaha cAra prakAra kI ho jAtI hai| vratasaMskAra se brAhmaNa, zastradhAraNa se kSatriya, nyAyapUrNa dhanArjana se vaizya aura sevAvRtti se zUdra kahA jAtA hai| amitagati AcArya kahate haiM ki brAhmaNAdi kI bhedakalpanA AcAramAtra se hai koI jAti niyata nahI hai| sadAcArI zUdra bhI zIla, saMyama Adi guNoM se svarga prApta kara sakatA hai aura durAcArI brAhmaNa bhI kuzIla evaM asaMyama Adi durguNoM se naraka jA sakatA hai| anya dhArmika vicAradhArAoM meM bhI aisI mAnyAtAyeM haiM, para unake samyak samudghATana kI AvazyakatA hai| jAtivAda evaM vargavAda ke prati dRSTikoNa ke parivartana se amAnavIya vyavahAra ghaTeMge, chuAchUta jaisI bImArI samApta hogI tathA mAnavadharma kI pratiSThA hogii| zrI raviSeNAcArya ne sabhI jAtiyoM ko samAna mAnate hue kahA hai "na jAtiH garhitA kAcit guNAH kalyANakAraNam / vratasthamapi cANDAlaM taM devAH brAhmaNaM viduH||" Aja rAjanItika girAvaTa kA pramukha kAraNa jAtivAda ke samApana ke nAma para diyA jA rahA jAtivAda evaM vargavAda kA bar3hAvA hI hai| yadi

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anekAnta 59/1-2 karmaNA jAtivyavasthA kA sUtra mAna liyA jAye to viSamatA miTa sakatI hai| kyoMki eka parivAra meM bhI cAroM varNa ho sakate haiN| taba ghRNA, U~ca-nIca yA chuAchUta kA koI sthAna rahegA hI nhiiN| rAjanIti kI dharmavihInatA ne rASTra kA jo nukasAna kiyA hai, vaha akathanIya hai| Aja netA se prajA kA aura prajA se netA kA vizvAsa uTha gayA hai| phalataH janatantra meM bhI zAsaka aura zAsita kI dhAraNA punaH balavatI hotI jA rahI hai| isa samaya dharma-vihIna rAjanIti caurAhe para khar3I usa vezyA ke samAna ho gaI hai, jisakA apanA koI nahIM hotA hai tathA vaha bhI kisI kI nahIM hotI hai| ataH sabhI kSetroM meM samatA kI vicAraNA kI AvazyakatA hai| phala to vyakti ko apane puruSArtha se hI prApta ho sakatA hai| dharma aura jIvana kA gaharA sambandha hai| dharmahInatA jIva ko zava aura dharma jIva ko ziva banA detA hai| dharma kI saMrakSA meM nAriyoM kA viziSTa mahattva hai| kyoMki pAraMparika taura para nAriyoM kA mukhya kSetra gRhasthI mAnA jAtA hai| nArI gRhasthI kI dhurI hai| bha. mahAvIra kA saMgha caturvidha thaa| usameM sAdhuoM kI saMkhyA 14 hajAra thI to sAdhviyoM kI 36 hjaar| zrAvaka kula 1 lAkha 59 hajAra the to zrAvikAyeM 3 lAkha 18 hajAra thiiN| kula milAkara nAriyoM kI saMkhyA dugunI se bhI 8 hajAra adhika hai| kAlAntara meM nArI duravasthA ko prApta ho gii| yadi mAnavadharma kI punarpratiSThA karanA hai to nArI ko zikSita aura sazakta banAne kI AvazyakatA hai| jaba nArI dharma ke marma ko hRdayaMgama kara legI to vaha mAnavamAtra ko prema ke dhAge meM bA~dha sakegI tathA bhAvI santAna ko aise saMskAra de sakegI jisase jagat meM 'vasudhaiva kuTumbakam' kI bhAvanA balavatI hogii| dharma meM pratipAdita 'parasparopagraho' kI bhAvanA se hI mAnava kA astitva kAyama hai| isa bhAvanA kI kamI ne paryAvaraNa meM asaMtulana paidA

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anekAnta 59/1-2 kiyA hai| prakRti ke sabhI ghaTaka mAnaba kA upakAra karate haiM mAnava bhI prakRti ke sabhI ghaTakoM kA upakAra karatA haiN| prAraMbha se hI jIvana aura prakRti ke madhya gaharA saMbaMdha rahA hai| jaina dharma meM niSprayojana pRthvI ko khodane, pAnI ko bahAne, agni ko jalAne, vAyu kA saMcAra karane tathA vanaspatiyoM ko kATane meM pApa mAnA gayA hai| gRhasthoM ko AvazyakatA se adhika inake upayoga kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| yadi mAnava apanA dharma mAnakara inakA durupayoga chor3a de to paryAvaraNa asaMtulana kI samasyA svataH hI samApta ho jAyegI tathA mAnava apanA vinAza svayaM karane se baca skegaa| vedAnta ke anusAra paryAvaraNa ke sabhI ghaTaka brahma ke hI aMza hai| jainAcAryoM ne bhI pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura vanaspati ko ekendriya sthAvara jIvoM kI zreNI meM rakhA hai| jainAcAryoM kI yaha avadhAraNA prakRti ke ghaTakoM kI saMrakSA kA sudRr3ha upAya hai| jainAcAryoM ne na kevala mAnava ke prati apitu jIvamAtra ke prati mitratA kI kAmanA kI hai| jaina dharma kA udghoSa hai "khammAmi savvajIvANaM sabve jIvA khamaMtu me| mittI me savvabhUdesu veraM majjhaM Na kennvi||" "sattveSu maitrI guNiSu pramodaM, kliSTeSu jIveSu kRpAparatvam / mAdhyasthabhAvaM viparItavRttau, sadA mamAtmA vidadhAtu dev||" durAgraha aura haThavAditA mAnava kA sabase bar3A zatru hai| maiM jo kahatA hU~, vahI saca hai-yaha kathana haTha kA dyotaka hai| jo dUsarA kahatA hai vaha bhI sApekSa satya ho sakatA hai| eka vastu meM aneka dharma yA guNa haiN| unakA kathana aneka prakAra se ho sakatA hai| eka vastu meM sApekSatA se virodhI dharma bhI raha sakate haiN| eka vyakti apane pitA kI apekSA putra aura putra kI apekSA pitA hai| ataH usameM pitRtva evaM putratva donoM virodhI dharma eka sAtha raha sakate haiN| haThavAda nahIM apanAnA caahie| haThavAda adharma hai aura vaha mAnava-kalyANa meM bAdhaka hai| 'hI' ke sthAna

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anekAnta 59/1-2 para 'bhI' kI pratiSThA se hama 'anAyAsa hI aneka samasyAoM se baca sakate haiN| saMkhiyA Adi jo viSa mAraka haiM, unakA auSadhi ke rUpa meM prayoga' jIvana rakSaka bhI bana jAtA hai| AvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai ki vibhinna dharmoM meM pratipAdita bAtoM kA hama mAnava-kalyANa ke lie kathana kara skeN| padalolupatA AtmakalyANa evaM sAmAjika kalyANa meM bAdhaka hai| ataH padalolupatA se bacane kA prayAsa karanA caahie| jaina dharma meM sAdhu ke tIna rUpa haiM-AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAmAnya saadhu| tInoM ko parameSThI mAnA gayA hai| para cAra maMgaloM meM ahiraMta, siddha, sAdhu evaM dharma ko parigaNita kiyA gayA hai| AcArya aura upAdhyAya ko maMgala na mAnane kA ekamAtra kAraNa yahI hai ki pada eka upAdhi hai| vaha mukti yA AtmakalyANa meM bAdhaka hai| mukta hone ke lie to AcArya evaM upAdhyAya ko bhI apanA pada tyAgakara sAdhusAmAnya kI zreNI meM utaranA par3atA hai| ataH pada ko kalyANa meM sAdhaka na mAnakara bAdhaka hI samajhanA cAhieM tathA mAnavadharmI ko padalolupatA ke cakkara meM nahIM par3anA caahie| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke zAsana meM bhAgya kI mahattA hote hue bhI yaha samajhane kI AvazyakatA hai bhAgya purupArtha ke AdhIna hai| vartamAna kA bhAgya yadi pUrva puruSArtha kA phala hai to vartamAna kA puruSArtha bhaviSya kA bhaagy| vartamAna meM bhI bhAgyodaya ko puruSArtha dvArA anya rUpa meM pariNamita kiyA jA sakatA hai| ataH puruSArtha kI mahattA bhAgya se kadAcit adhika hai| mAnava ko cAhie ki vaha phala kI icchA ke binA puruSArtha kre| puruSArtha se hI apanA aura anya mAnavoM kA kalyANa ho sakatA hai| hameM andhavizvAsa yA rUDhivAditA ko dharma mAnane kI nAsamajhI chor3anA hogii| jJAna kA pracAra-prasAra isa dizA meM kAragara ho sakatA hai|

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10 anekAnta 59/1-2 rUDhivAditA ko dharma mAnane se mAnava samAja kI bar3I hAni huI hai| apanI saMkhyA bar3hAne, sampatti yA sattA hathiyAne kA hathakaNDA banAkara dharma jaise pavitra bhAva ko AdhAra banAkara jinhoMne jaba kabhI ghRNA phailAI hai, vaha hathakaNDA unhIM ko AtmaghAtI siddha huA hai| dharma to prANImAtra kA bhalA karane vAlI auSadhi hai, use saMhAraka viSa nahIM banane denA caahie| purAnA acchA hI ho yaha Avazyaka nahI hai| saba nayA kharAba hI ho yaha bhI siddha nahIM hai| satya kI khoja meM tarka-vitarka bure nahIM haiM, kintu unakA lakSya mAnava-kalyANa honA caahie| AcAra meM girAvaTa ko paJcANuvratoM-ahiMsA, satya, asteya, aparigraha evaM brahmacarya ke paripAlana se rokA jA sakatA hai| maharSi paMtajali ne yogasUtra meM inakI mahattA kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| aparigraha ko samajhane kI AvazyakatA hai| jarUrata kI cIjoM ko rakhanA gRhastha kI prakati hai, jarUrata se adhika rakhanA vikRti hai para jarUrata hone para bhI svapara kalyANa hetu apanI priya vastu kA dAna kara denA bhAratIya saMskRti hai| yahI mAnavadharma hai| aparigraha ko na samajha pAne kA hI yaha duSpariNAma hai ki eka bApa apane tIna-cAra beToM kI paravariza acchI taraha se kara sakatA hai jabaki tIna-cAra beTe milakara bhI eka bUr3he bApa kI parabariza karane meM AnAkAnI karate haiN| mAnavadharma kI saMsthApanA ke lie Avazyaka hai ki yuvAoM ko mAnavadharma kA rasAyana pilAyA jaave| kyoMki baccoM kA atIta nahIM hotA hai tathA bUr3hoM kA bhaviSya nahIM hotA hai, jabaki yuvAoM kA atIta bhI hotA hai aura bhaviSya bhii| ataH mAnavadharma ke sacce pAtra yuvA haiN| jaina dharma meM pratipAdita mAnava dharma ke katipaya niSThA sUtra isa prakAra1. hiMsA sabase bar3A pApa hai aura ahiMsA eka sakArAtmaka evaM vyAvahArika jIvana-darzana hai| 2. samatA dharma hai aura viSamatA adharma hai| mAnava svarUpataH samAna hai, ataH U~ca-nIca kA vargabheda svArthaprerita hai|

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anekAnta 59/1-2 3. koI jAti garhita nahI hai, guNa hI kalyANa meM kAraNa haiN| vratastha cANDAla bhI brAhmaNa ho sakatA hai| 4. nArI dharma kI dhurI hai| mAnava meM prema evaM santati meM saMskAra kA saMcAra nArI hI karatI hai| 5. parasparopagraha kI bhAvanA se paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa hotA hai tathA paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa se maanv-klyaann| 6. haThavAditA dharma nahI hai| 'hI' ke sthAna para 'bhI' kI pratiSThA se aneka samasyAoM kA samAdhAna ho sakatA hai| 7. padalolupatA sAmAjika kalyANa meM vAdhaka hai| 9. rUDhivAditA dharma nahI hai| tarka-vitarka bhI ve hI acche haiM, jinakA uddezya mAnava kalyANa ho| 10. paJcANuvrata yA paMcazIla Adarza gRhastha kI AcAra saMhitA hai| anta meM mAnava kalyANa kI bhAvanA bhAtA huA virAma letA hU~"kSemaM sarvaprajAnAM prabhavatu balavAn dhArmiko bhUmipAlaH, kAle-kAle ca samyagvarSatu maghavA vyAdhayo yAntu nAzam / durbhikSaM cauramArI ca kSaNamapi jagatAM mA sma bhUjjIvaloke, jainendraM dharmacakra prabhavatu satataM srvsaukhyprdaayi||"

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paMDitapravara zrI sumerucanda divAkara kI dRSTi meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi __-DaoN. rAjendra kumAra baMsala bauddhika pratibhA evaM pramANikatA ke dhanI vidvAn paMDita pravara zrI samerucandra jI divAkara sivanI ne bha. mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi kI prarUpaNA di. jaina Agama evaM jainettara sAhitya ke saMdarbha meM amara kRti 'mahAzramaNa mahAvIra' meM kI hai| 'mahAzramaNa mahAvIra' kA prakAzana san 1968 meM huA thaa| isakA purnamudraNa varSa 2002 meM di. jaina triloka zodha saMsthAna hastinApura evaM tIrthaMkara RSabha deva jaina vidvat mahAsaMgha ke saujanya se huaa| pustaka meM Amukha sahita 21 adhyAya haiN| aThArahavA~ adhyAya 'dayA ke devatA kA avataraNa hai, jo vivecya hai| isakI mAnyatA di. jaina Agama kI niSThA/zraddhA hai|' ___ Amukha ke pRSTha 3 meM 'jIvanI' ke arntagata paM. jI ne spaSTa likhA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra kA janma bihAra prAnta ke videha deza ke kuNDapura nagara meM IsA pUrva 599 meM huA thA-'siddhArthanRpatitanayo bhAratavAsye videha-kuNDapure' (AcArya pUjyapAda (devanandi) dazabhaktisaMgraha, nirvANa bhkti-4)|' jayadhavalA pRSTha 78 ke saMdarbha "kuNDapurapuravarissara- sittatthakkha dviyasya NAhakula" ke anusAra bhagavAn mahAvIra kA janma nAthakula meM huA thaa| unake pitA ko kuNDapura ke svAmI siddhArtha kSatriya likhA hai| adhyAya aThAraha 'dayA ke devatA kA avataraNa' nAma se hai| pRSTha 118 meM 'kuNDapura kA bhAgya' zIrSaka meM harivaMzapurANa meM use sukha rUpI jala se paripUrNa kuNDatulya kahA haisukhAMbhaH kuMDamAbhAti nAmnA kuMDapuraM puram / / (sarga-2, shlok-5)| kuNDalapura-tiloyapaNNatti meM kuNDapura kA nAma kuNDalapura AyA haikuNDale vIro (549-4)

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 kuNDalapura jisa videha deza kA aMga thA usake viSaya meM paM. jI ne harivaMzapurANa zloka / sarga -2 kA ullekha kiyA hai 13 atha dezosti vistArI jaMbudvIpasya bhArate / videha iti vikhyAtaH svargakhaMDasamaH zriyaH / ( sarga - 2 zloka 1 ) jambUdIpa ke bhAratavarSa meM vistAra yukta videha nAma kA deza prasiddha thA, jo lakSmI se svarga ke khaNDa samAna zobhAyamAna hotA thA / videha deza kA kathana vardhamAna caritra zloka - 1 sarga - 17 meM huA hai, jahA~ vizva vikhyAta kuNDapura nagara thA 'khyAtaM puraM jagati kuMDapurAbhidhAnaM ( 7-7 ) 1 S videha deza kI sthApanA evaM usake vaibhava ke varNana ke pazcAt paM. jI ne uttara purANa parva 74 ke zloka 251-252 ko uddhRta kara likhA ki 'jaba acyutendra kI Ayu chaha mAha zeSa raha gaI thI aura vaha svarga se avatAra lene ke sanmukha huA / usa samaya bharata kSetra ke videha nAma ke deza meM kuMDapura nagara ke rAjA siddhArtha ke bhavana ke prAMgaNa meM pratidina sAr3he tIna karor3a maNiyoM kI varSA hone lagI thI / " ratnoM kI varSA kI puSTi vajjikAMcala ke vAsokuNDa - vaizAlI ke loka gItoM se bhI hotI hai / videha deza kI sthiti / parisImA : paM. pravara divAkara jI ne 'mahAzramaNa mahAvIra' pRSTha 120 meM bha. mahAvIra kI janma bhUmi videha deza kI catursImA kA nirdhAraNa 'bihAra thro di ejeja' pRSTha 51-55 ke anusAra nimna prakAra se kiyA ! " jise abhI bihAra kahate haiM usameM kArUpa, magadha, aMga, vaizAlI Adi aneka deza samAviSTa the| vartamAna tirahuta DivIjana meM videha amUrta hai / videha kI rAjadhAnI mithilA thI / vaha nepAla kI tarAI meM vidyamAna janakapurI mAnI jAtI hai| kucha samaya ke anaMtara dakSiNa videha

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anekAnta 59/1-2 ne svataMtra rAjya kA svarUpa prApta kara liyaa| usakI rAjadhAnI vaizAlI ho gaI, jo mujaphpharapura se tevIsa mIla para sthita hai|' ___zakti saMgama' ke anusAra gaMDaka nadI ke taTa se lekara caMpAraNa paryanta kA sthAna videha athavA tirUmukti kahA jAtA thaa| usake pUrva pazcima tathA dakSiNa meM kosI, gaMDaka tathA gaMgA tIna bar3I nadiyA~ haiM tathA himAlaya kI tarAI uttara kI ora hai| isa kSetra meM mujaphpharapura, darabhaMgA, caMpArana, muMgera tathA puraniyA ye vartamAna jile zAmila hote haiN|10 (vartamAna meM mujaphpharanagara-jilA meM se vaizAlI pRthak jilA banA diyA gayA hai) janmabhUmi ke sambandha meM paM. jI ke niSkarSa : paM. pravara divAkara jI ne videha deza kI ukta-catursImA nirdhArita kara mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi ke sambandha meM nimna niSkarpa grahaNa kiye "isa vizruta videha deza ke kuNDapura meM trizalAnandana kA avataraNa huA thaa| kucha loga kuNDapura jile ko vaizAlI nagarI kA eka aMza kahate haiN| ve mujaphpharapura ke hAjIpura saba DivIjana meM sthiti basAr3ha ko vaizAlI mAnate haiM aura usake aMtaragata vAsukuNDa ko kuNDagrAma kahate haiN|"] digambara jaina Agama meM mahAvIra kA nahIM, unakI jananI priyakAriNI trizalA kA bhI vaizAlI se sambandha pAyA jAtA hai| (saMdarbha-hariSeNacAryakRta vRhatkathA kopa zloka 165) / / 2 zrI divAkara jI ne 'lAipha Apha buddhA' ke anusAra vaizAlI ke vaibhava kA varNana pRSTha 121 para kiyA aura vaizAlI ko janmabhUmi mAnane kI viziSTa paristhiti majabUta banane kA ullekha kiyA jisakA AdhAra zvetAmbara Agama hai| unake isa saMketa se yaha spaSTa hai ki unheM jisa prakAra magadha deza sthita nAlaMdA-bar3agAMva bha. mahAvIra kI janma bhUmi ipTa nahIM hai usI prakAra vaizAlI bhI iSTa nahIM hai| unhoMne videha deza kI parisImA meM sthita vAsokuNDa ke sambandha meM apanI asahamati vyakta nahIM kii| unakI yaha mUka sammati vAsokuNDa sthita ar3hAI bIghA ahallabhUmi, vahA~ ke loka jIvana me mahAvIra ke darzana/zikSAoM kA prabhAva

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anekAnta 59/1-2 tathA lokagItoM meM mahAvIra kI vidyamAnatA Adi ke pariprekSya meM digambara jaina Agama ke anurUpa janmabhUmi siddha hai| yahA~ para prathama rASTrapati rAjendra prasAda jI ne dinAMka 23/4/56 ko bha. mahAvIra janmabhUmi smAraka-paTTa kA anAvaraNa kiyaa| kuNDapura (vAsokuNDa) samarthaka paM. jI ke anya saMdarbhaH 1. "bhagavAna mahAvIra aura unakA tattvadarzana' sana 1974 meM pUjya AcArya deza bhUSaNa jI munirAja ke mArgadarzana evaM preraNA se yaha bRhatkAya graMtha dillI se prakAzita huaa| isakI prastAvanA4 paM. zrI divAkara jI ne likhii| graMtha kI sampUrNa sAmagrI bha. mahAvIra ko samarpita hai| isameM unakI janmabhUmi vAsokuNDa nirvivAda rUpa se varNita hai| yadi zrI divAkara jI ko yaha iSTa nahIM hotA to ve isakI bhUmikA likhane se inkAra kara dete yA ve isake virodha meM apanA mata avazya vyakta krte| 2. 'cAritra cakravartI' AcArya zrI zAMti sAgara jI mahArAja ke maMgalamaya jIvana caritra kA vistRta varNana, tithivAra zrI paM. divAkara jI dvArA cAritra cakravatI (1953) pustaka meM kiyA gyaa| AcArya zrI kA saMgha zikharajI se bhAgalapura hotA huA rAjagRhI phuNcaa| vahA~ se pAvApurI, guNAvA, gayA hokara kaTanI phuNcaa| 5 isa yAtrA meM kuNDalapura-nAlaMdA kA nAma nahIM hai| yadi ise mahAvIra janma bhUmi ke rUpa meM mAnyatA hotI to AcArya saMgha kI yAtrA meM usakA avazya ullekha hotaa| ___3. zrI divAkara jI kRta 'jaina zAsana' ke pRSTha 253 meM saM. 1867 (I. 1810) meM mainapurI ke sAhU dhanasiMha jI ke netRtva meM 250 baila gAr3iyoM meM eka hajAra yAtriyoM ke saMgha kI sammeda zikhara jI kI yAtrA kA ullekha hai| yaha saMgha pAvApurI, rAjagRhI, guNAvA Adi sthAnoM para gyaa| kintu isa yAtrA meM kuNDalapura-nAlaMdA kA ullekha nahIM hai| isase spaSTa hai ki kuNDalapura-nAlaMdA magadha kSetra meM to hai hI, Aropita rUpa se janma sthalI ke rUpa meM bahuta purAnA nahIM hai|

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anekAnta 59/1-2 4. anya puSTa kAraNa sAkSya/saMdarbha : nAlaMdA se 7 mIla kI darI para sthita rAjagRhI magadha kI rAjadhAnI thii| magadha deza kA vistAra 833 varga mIla kaa| nAlaMdA usakA aMga thaa| nAlaMdA prathama zatAbdi se 13 vIM zatAbdi taka bauddha-vidyA kA mahAna kendra rahA jahA~ huAna-sAMga (sAtavIM zatAbdi) ne vidyAdhyayana kiyaa| cInI yAtrI huAna sAMga aura phAhiyAna (5 vIM zatAbdi) ke yAtrAvRtta aura unakA bhaugolika vivaraNa akATya/ yathA-sthAna sthiti hai| isakA vivaraNa janarala kaniMghama kRta 'doM ensiyenTa jyogrAphI oNpha iMDiyA' meM diyA hai, jo mUlataH paThanIya hai|17 zrI nandalAla de ke anusAra varagAMva kA prAcIna nAma bihAra grAma thaa|18 DaoN. hornale ne yaha siddha kiyA ki bhramavaza jaina samAja dvArA baragAMva ko kuNDalapura mAnakara use mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi mAna liyA gayA; usI prakAra hinduoM dvArA use kuNDinApura mAnakara rukmaNI kI janmabhUmi mAnA jAtA rhaa| yaha donoM mAnyatAe~ bhrama AdhArita haiN| yathArtha tathyoM se usakI puSTi nahIM hotii| 5. itihAsamanISI DaoN. rAdhAkamada mukharjI kA itihAsa ke kSetra meM viziSTa sthAna hai aura ve eka pramANa ke rUpa meM mAnya kiye jAte hai| ApakI amara kRti 'hindu sivilAijesansa' hai jo sana 1936 meM loMgamena grIna eNDa ke. laMdana dvArA prakAzita kI gayI hai| isake saMdarbha prAmANika mAne jAte haiN| isa kRti ke adhyAya sAta meM IsA pUrva 650-325 kA uttara bhArata kAla ke itihAsa kA vistRta sasaMdarbha vivaraNa diyA hai| isameM buddha ke pUrva ke nimna solaha rAjya kA varNana kiyA hai____ aMga, magadha, kAzI, kauzala, vajjI, malla, cedI, viMsA (vatsa), kurU, paMcAla, maccha (matsya), sUrasena, aska, avaMtI, gAMdhAra evaM kambhoja!20 ina rAjyoM kA varNana to huA hai sAtha hI usa samaya kI sAmAjika, dhArmika aura rAjanaitika vyavasthA kA varNana bhI kiyA hai jo mUlataH paThanIya hai| pustaka meM pRSTha 179 ke vAda buddhakAlIna mAnacitra bhI diyA hai| isake anusAra rAjagRha nAlaMdA, caMpA aura pATalIgrAma gaMgA nadI ke dakSiNa meM hai aura vaizAlI licchavI malla, pAvA Adi gaMgA nadI ke uttara

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 meM dikhAye gaye haiM buddha mahAvIra ke samakAlIna the ataH buddhakAlIna mAnacitra mahAvIra kAlIna mAnanA sarvathA ucita hai / phAhiyAna ke yAtrA vRtta se bhI mAnacitra meM darzAye nagaroM kI bhaugolika sthati puSTi hotI hai / isa prakAra nAlaMdA - kuNDalapura magadha kSetra meM hone ke kAraNa use kisI dUra kI kalpanA se bhI videha - deza sthita nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| yahI dRSTikoNa paM. pravara sumeru candra jI divAkara sA. kA rahA hai| pa. jI sA. ke niSkarSAnusAra prajJAzramaNI AryikA candanAmatI jI evaM triloka zodha saMsthAna sana 2001 taka vaizAlI ke nikaTa kuNDapura ko bha. mahAvIra kI janma sthalI mAnate haiM / 21 17 6. bihAra rAjya ke paryaTana vibhAga ne sana 2003 meM laghu pustikA 'jaina sarkiTa' prakAzita kI hai, jo sacitra hai / isa pustikA meM vAsokuNDa - vaizAlI ko bha. mahAvIra kI janma bhUmi tathA nAlaMdA - kuNDalapura ko bha. mahAvIra ke prathama paTTa ziSya gautama gaNadhara kI janma bhUmi honA darzAyA hai / yaha dhyAtavya hai ki baragavoM meM gautama gaNadhara ke vaMzaja abhI bhI vidyamAna haiM aura putrotsava ke sauhara gItoM meM gautama kA smaraNa kiyA jAtA hai / 7. jaina itihAsakAra DaoN. jyoti prasAda jaina dvArA 50 varSa pUrva bhAratIya itihAsa kA jainayuga Alekha / pustikA likhI thii| usameM Apane vajjI saMgha ke arntagata kuNDalapura sthita honA mAnya kiyA hai / kuNDalapura ke jJAtRvaMzI licchavi- nareza siddhArtha ke putra (bhagavAn) mahAvIra the / vaizAlI ke rAjA ceTaka unake nAnA the 123 ukta pariprekSya meM paM. pravara zrI divAkara jI kI dRSTi meM bha. mahAvIra kA janma videha deza sthita kuNDapura nagara (vAsokuNDa) meM huA thA / vidyamAna nAlaMdA-bar3agAMva udAtta Agamika evaM bhaugolika dRSTi se videha deza meM sthita honA siddha nahIM hotA, bhale hI usakI siddhi hetu kUTa lekhana kA Azraya leM yA videha ko sampUrNa bihAra rAjya mAneM yA phira nAlaMdA ko gaMgA nadI ke uttara meM dikhAkara use videha meM sthita honA siddha kareM / prAyojita bauddhika kasarata se Agama varNita bhaugolika sthiti badalI nahIM

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anekAnta 59/1-2 jA sktii| isase digambara jaina Agama ke prati azraddhA/avarNavAda avazya hotA hai| janmabhUmi pratiSThA se kahIM adhika, pratiSThA kA viSaya digambara jaina Agama evaM saMskRti ke prati hamArI niSThA kA hai Agama rakSA evaM sammAna meM hI samAja kI rakSA aura sammAna hai| saMdarbha graMtha sUcI: 1. mahAzramaNa mahAvIra-paM. sumerucandra divAkara, pRSTha-Amukha 3 2. vahI-Amukha pRSTha 3 3. vahI-pRSTha 119 4. vahI-pRSTha 119 5. vahI-pRSTha 119 6. vahI-pRSTha 119 7. vahI-pRSTha 120 8. mahAzramaNa mahAvIra-paM. sumerucandra divAkara, pRSTha 120 9. vahI-pRSTha 120 10. vahI-pRSTha 120 11. vahI-pRSTha 120 12. vaizAlI mahotsava ke 50 varSa-DaoN. jaya zrI mizra, pRSTha 103 13. bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA tatvadarzana-sampAdana paM. balabhadra jaina-prastAvanA pRSTha-3 14. cAritra cakravartI-prathama AvRtti, paM. sumerucandra divAkara, pRSTha 213-228 15. jaina zAsana,-paM. sumerucanda divAkara pR. 253 16. daoN enasienTa jyogrAphI oNpha iMDiyA-janarala alekjenDara kaniMghama pR. 327 / 17. daoN jyogrAphiksa DiksanarI oNpha ensienTaenDa meDikala iMDiyA-de nandalAla, pR. 136 18. vahI-pRSTha 137 19. hindu sivilAijesansa-DaoN. rAdhAkumuda mukharjI pR. 179-189 20. mAtA trizalA ke anokhe sapane,-di. jaina triloka zodha saMsthAna hastinApura puSpa naM. 214, pR.-9 21. jaina sarkiTa-bihAra paryaTana, saciva paryaTana vibhAga bihAra-paTanA / 22. anekAnta-dillI, 58/1-2/, bhAratIya itihAsa kA jainayuga-DaoN. jyoti prasAda jaina, pRSTha-114

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anekAnta 59/1-2 hindu sivilAijezana DaoN. rAdhA kumuda mukharjI; se uddhRta CRY BUDDHIST INDIA En Mi mA M Milt .. .marmus Kantians hindi ANT AGADH Indian pure Range simma min KALAM CLA ASHA RAR) NRY TANRARARNE SIPYRENE Langude Last 7 Or wich vI 369 o.pI.ema. amalAI, jilA-zahaDola (ma.pra.) 484117

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dUdha zAkAhAra hai : vaijJAnika tathya - ailaka nirbhayasAgara mahArAja lekhaka ema. esa. sI. pUrvArddha taka laukika zikSA prApta kara digambara jainAcArya zrI vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja se dIkSita eka jaina saMta haiM / ailaka jI AdhyAtmika, vaijJAnika, dArzanika zailI kI triveNI se sahita utkRSTa AtmasAdhaka, lekhaka aura pravacanakAra haiN| dharma kI bAta vaijJAnika DhaMga se vyAkhyAyita karanA ApakI vizeSatA hai| Apane mauna, upavAsa, rAtri, bhojana, zarAba, pUjA vidhi Adi para viziSTa vaijJAnika sAhitya kA sRjana kiyA hai| vartamAna meM dUdha ko mAMsAhAra kahane para uThe prazna kA javAba vaijJAnika DhaMga se prastuta Alekha meM diyA hai ki dUdha zAkAhAra kI zreNI meM Ane vAlA rasa hai / -sampAdaka I dUdha zAkAhAra kI zreNI meM hai yA mAMsAhAra kI / ye Adhunika yuga ke logoM kA prazna ho sakatA hai, parantu yaha anAdikAlIna zAzvata siddhAMta hai ki sahI rIti se prApta kiyA gayA dUdha mAMsAhAra nahIM hai balki zAkAhAra kI zreNI meM Ane vAlA zuddha rasAhAra hai, aura vaha stanadhArI prANiyoM ke janma se hI poSaNa aura tandarustI ke lie prakRtti pradatta lAbhadAyaka peya padArtha hai / Aja bhautikavAdI artha pradhAna yuga meM dUdha ko pAnI, tela, yUriyA, sAbuna Adi milAkara beMcA jA rahA hai yA iMjekzana lagAkAra nikAlA jA rahA hai, yA bachar3e ko dUdha nahIM chor3A jA rahA hai, to isakA matalaba ye nahIM ki dUdha abhakSya aura mAMsAhAra ho gayA hai| isa prakAra kI sthiti se bacane ke lie gharoM meM gAyoM ko pAlakara nyAya-nIti aura vidhi pUrvaka zuddha dUdha prApta kiyA jAnA cAhie, na ki bhar3akAU, azraddhA utpanna karane vAle bhASaNa yA Alekha likhe jAyeM /

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anekAnta 59/1-2 dUdha darda nahIM davA hai : eka Alekha meM par3hA thA ki dUdha tarala mAMsa hai aura usake sevana se esiDiTI, kailziyama kI kamI, kaiMsara aura gurde kharAba hote haiN| aisA kahanA sarAsara galata hai kyoMki dUdha se esiDiTI nahIM hotI, balki dUdha se aisiDiTI kama hotI hai| isako koI bhI vyakti apane Upara prayoga karake dekha sakatA hai, jise esiDiTI ke kAraNa khaTTI DakAreM, peTa meM jalana Adi ho rahI ho vaha dUdha meM AdhA yA eka cauthAI pAnI aura mIThA milAkara, use acchI taraha se ubAlakara phira ThaNDA karake piye to aisiDiTI, mu~ha aura peTa ke chAle samApta ho jAte haiN| dUdha amlIya hotA hai paraMtu jaba vaha peTa meM jAtA hai taba pAcaka rasoM ke mizraNa se dahI banakara udAsIna ho jAtA hai, vaha haDDiyoM meM kailziyama kA kSaya karake udAsIna nahIM hotaa| ataH zarIra kI haDDiyoM se kailziyama ke kSaraNa dvArA dUdha kA udAsIna mAnanA galata hai| isa prakAra dUdha se haDDiyA~ kamajora nahIM balki majabUta hotI haiM, yaha anubhava maiMne svayaM kiyA hai| sana 1987 meM mujhe sapheda pecisa par3ane lagI thI, DaoNkTara kI salAha se dUdha kA sevana prAyaH baMda kara diyA thaa| pariNAma svarUpa rIr3ha kI haDDiyA~ (kazerUkAeM) kamajora par3a gaIM, unakA kSaraNa hone lgaa| blaDa sIrama meM kailziyama kI mAtrA 11% kI jagaha ghaTakara mAtra 6-7% raha gii| maiMne punaH dUdha pInA zurU kara diyA to eka varSa meM saba ThIka ho gyaa| isa bIca maiMne yaha jarUra dekhA ki dUdha ke sAtha dAloM kA prayoga karane se pAcana bigar3atA hai kyoMki dUdha aura dAla donoM ke proTIna bhojana meM eka sAtha lene se DAijesTa nahIM ho paate| ataH dUdha aura dAloM ke sevana meM lagabhaga 5-6 ghaMTe kA aMtara honA caahie| java pAcana taMtra kamajora ho aura AvazyakatA se adhika dUdha, ghI, tela, mirca, masAlA aura dAloM kA sevana kiyA jAtA hai taba unheM pacAne ke lie pAcana taMtra aura yakRta ko adhika kArya karanA par3atA hai, jo haDDI, yakRta aura pAcanataMtra Adi ke lie hAni pahu~cAtA hai, paraMtu

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anekAnta 59/1-2 saMtulita mAtrA meM yathAvidhi grahaNa kiye gaye dUdha meM upasthita proTIna aura khanija - kamajorI, thakAna, tanAva, aura kailziyama Adi kI kamI ko dUra karate haiM / isalie dUdha se nahIM balki mirca masAlA, mAMsa, madirA Adi aura prakRti viruddha yA adhika mAtrA meM bhojana karane se pAcana taMtra aura gurde Adi kharAba hote haiM / 22 dUdha ke guNa : dUdha madhura, snigdha, rucikara, svAdiSTa aura vAtapitta nAzaka hotA hai| vIrya, buddhi aura kapha vardhaka hotA hai, zItalatA, oja, sphUrti aura svAsthya pradAyaka hotA hai / mA~ (strI) aura gAya kA dUdha guNa dharma kI dRSTi se samAna hotA hai / usameM viTAmina e aura khanija tatva hote haiM jo rogoM se lar3ane kI zakti (pratirodhaka kSamatA) pradAna karate haiM aura A~khoM ke teja ko bar3hAte haiM / dUdha rakta nahIM zuddha rasa hai : dUdha rakta nahIM hai isakA sabase bar3A vaijJAnika pramANa to yaha hai ki dUdha meM jo kesIna nAmaka proTIna upasthita rahatA hai vaha khUna aura mAMsa meM nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| rakta kaNikAyeM (DablU. bI. sI., Ara. bI. sI) evaM pleTaleTsa jo khUna meM pAyI jAtI haiM ve dUdha meM nahIM pAyI jAtI haiN| yaha bAta vaijJAnikoM ne dUdha meM bejoika TesTa (parIkSaNa) karake batAyI hai / yaha parIkSaNa koI bhI paitholaoNjI leba meM kisI bhI DaoNkTara se karAkara dekha sakatA hai / ataH dUdha enImala proDakzana hone para bhI rakta mAMsa se bilkula bhinna eka zuddha rasa hai / vaijJAnikoM kA yaha bhI eka sArvabhaumika siddhAMta hai ki mA~sa meM jaMtu kozikAyeM aura vanaspatiyoM meM pAdapa kozikAyeM hotI haiM, jabaki dUdha meM pAdapa (vanaspati) kozikAoM ke samAna hI vaisIlasa kozikAyeM hotI haiM I una donoM ke madhya dIvAra, riktikAyeM, seMTrikAyeM, lavaka aura poSaNa vidhi

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anekAnta 59/1-2 B samAna hotI haiM aura ve donoM jaMtu kozikAoM se bilkula bhinna hotI haiN| isalie dUdha tarala mAMsa na hokara vanaspati svarUpa hI zuddha rasa hai| yadi koI kahe ki dUdha meM ve sabhI proTIna, kArbohAiDreTasa aura zarkarA Adi tatva pAye jAte haiM jo khUna meM pAye jAte hai ataH donoM eka hai| yadi yaha tarka sahI hai to ve sabhI tatva hare yA bhigoye huye soyA, gehU~, canA Adi anAja meM bhI pAye jAte hai phira unheM bhI mAMsAhAra kahanA pdd'egaa| parantu nahIM kaha sakate kyoMki ve zuddha zAkAhArI padArtha hI haiN| yadi koI tarka kare ki nalikAoM aura unakI jhilliyoM se hokara dudhAruprANI dvArA khAye padArthoM ke rasa se dUdha banatA hai, isalie vaha rakta mAMsa ke samAna hai, to aisA tarka bhI anucita hai, kyoMki aisA kahane para hamAre zarIra ke aMdara se rakta, mAMsa aura jhilliyA~ se hokara pasInA aura yUrina Adi bhI bAhara utsarjita hotA hai phira use bhI rakta mAMsa kahanA par3egA, lekina koI ajJAnI bAlaka bhI aisA nahIM kaha sktaa| to phira kyA yUrina, pasInA aura bhojana se bace avaziSTa padArtha bhI bhakSya haiM? nahIM, kyoMki ve mala haiM aura mala dvAra se nikAsita hote haiM, ataH ve pUrNataH abhakSya haiN| jabaki dUdha mala na hokara rasa hai aura dUdha graMthiM mala dvAra na hokara eka pavitra graMthi hai, usase nikAlA gayA dUdha bhakSya hai| dUdha banane kI prakriyA : amerikA sthita vaivaoNka iMsTITyUTa phaoNra iMTaranezanala risarca eNDa DevalapameMTa vizeSajJa 'mAikala vaiTI oNksa' zodhakartAnusAra jaba 400 se 500 ki. grA. rakta dugdha graMthiyoM se pravAhita hotA hai taba eka kilogrAma dUdha banatA hai, balki dugdha graMthiyoM meM bArIka-bArIka rakta nalikAoM kA jAla bichA rahatA hai, una dugdha graMthiyoM aura rakta nalikAoM ke bIca eka jhillI hotI hai| yadi bIca meM jhillI nahIM hotI to dUdha aura rakta . eka ho jAtA aura phira dUdha sapheda na hokara rakta jaisA lAla ho jaataa| ataH rakta se dUdha bhinna hai|

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anekAnta 59/1-2 dUdha banane kI prakriyA meM mAikala vairI oNksa ne jo vicAra diyA hai vaha unakA apanA ho sakatA hai, paraMtu satya bAta to yaha hai ki dUdha bane yA na bane, parantu samasta prANiyoM ke zarIra meM rakta pravAha hotA hI rahatA hai| yadi pravAha ruka jAye to prANiyoM kA jIvana hI samApta ho jaayegaa| manuSya ke zarIra meM hRdaya dvArA eka ghaMTe meM lagabhaga 2 Tana khUna paMpa kiyA jAtA hai, jo aMdara kI rakta nalikAoM se pravAhita hokara bAharI rakta nalikAoM se hokara hRdaya taka pahuMcatA hai| ve bArIka rakta nalikAeM stanadhArI prANiyoM kI dugdha graMthiyoM se hokara gujaratI hai aura lekTeTiMga hArmonsa se dUdha kA nirmANa hotA hai jo rasa ke rUpa meM dugdha graMthi meM saMgrahIta ho jAtA hai| __ata: dUdha kA nirmANa rakta se nahIM hotA balki stanadhArI prANiyoM ke garbha dhAraNa karane ke uparAMta zAkAhArI kI zreNI meM Ane vAle lekTeTiMga hArmonsa se hotA hai| ve hArmonsa rakta se pUrNataH alaga guNa dharma vAle hote hai| unakA eka nizcita samayAvadhi meM utpanna honA prArambha hotA hai| unhIM kI upasthiti meM dUdha kA nirmANa aura nikalanA (sikkriyezana) hotA hai, na ki rakta se| yadi rakta se hotA to hamezA hI sabhI prANiyo ke hote rahanA cAhiye, jabaki aisA nahIM hotaa| isIlie dUdha rakta mAMsa se alaga zuddha rasa hai| cikitsA zAstra meM dugdha nirmANa : Ayurvedika Adi cikitsA zAstroM meM likhA hai ki manuSya tiryacAdi prANI jo AhAra grahaNa karate hai vaha sabase pahale rasa aura khala (malamUtra) meM parivartita hotA hai phira rasa se rakta, mAMsa se meda, meda se asthi, asthi se majjA aura majjA se zukra, kramazaH ina sapta dhAtuoM kI utpatti hotI hai| isa prakAra AhAra se sarvaprathama rasa banatA hai aura usa rasa dhAtu se stanya (dugdha) rUpa, upadhAtu kI utpatti hotI hai isalie grahaNa kiye gaye bhojya padArthoM kI gaMdha dUdha meM AtI hai rakta meM nhiiN| yadi rakta se dUdha banatA to usameM gaMdha nahIM AnA caahie|

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anekAnta 59/1-2 dUdha ke saMgraha ke lie zarIra meM graMthiyA~ hotI haiN| una dugdha graMthiyoM aura naliyoM se lagI huI jhilliyoM kI dIvAroM meM bahuta sI rakta zirAoM kA jAla bichA rahatA hai| unhIM zirAoM kI dIvAroM dvArA jalIya aMza sokha liyA jAtA hai| vaha vaise hI sokha liyA jAtA hai jaise kIcar3a se per3a kI mUla zirAyeM jalAMza ko sokha liyA karatI haiN| isa prakAra dUdha enImala proDakTa hone mAtra se apavitra yA abhakSya nahIM ho jAtA balki vaha zAkAhAravat zuddha rasAhAra ke rUpa meM grAhya hai| sabhI prANiyoM ko dUdha anukUla : ___ yaha satya hai ki jaineTika blUpriMTa ke anusAra apanI-apanI prajAti kI mA~ kA dUdha sarvottama hotA hai| isalie gAya kA bachar3A gAya kA dUdha, bakarI kA meMmanA bakarI kA dUdha, billI kA baccA billI kA dUdha aura zeranI kA baccA zeranI kA dUdha pItA hai| isa prakAra sabhI stana dhArI prANiyoM kI mA~ apane baccoM ke poSaNa aura vikAsa ke lie dUdha detI haiN| paraMtu strI, ghor3I, bakarI, kuttI, billI aura zeranI Adi na hoM to unase janmeM zizu jo gAya ke dUdha se pAle jAte rahe haiM aura Age bhI pAle jAte raheMge, yaha sArI duniyA jAnatI hai| kyoMki gAya kA dUdha sabhI prANiyoM ko anukUla par3atA hai aura paryApta mAtrA meM prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai usake AlAvA anya prANiyoM kA dUdha pratikUla aura aparyApta hone se sevana nahIM kiyA jaataa| dUdha mA~ kA ho yA gAya kA usake sevana karane kI eka nizcita mAtrA hotI hai| yadi mAtrA se adhika grahaNa kiyA jAyegA to lAbha kI jagaha hAni phuNcaaegaa| dUdha hI kyoM anna, kAjU, kisamisa, bAdAma Ama, kelA gehU~, canA aura gur3a, taila Adi pauSTika padArthoM kA mAtrA se adhika sevana lAbha kI jagaha hAni hI phNcaaegaa| isalie "hitamita bhukha" arthAta thor3A aura hitakArI bhojana karane ko kahA hai| yadi dUdha 6 se 8 ghaMTe meM pacatA hai, aisA tarka dekara dUdha ko

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anekAnta 59/1-2 asevanIya (abhakSa) kahA jAtA hai to phira zakti vardhaka bAdAma, kAjU, mUMgaphalI Adi jo 10-12 ghaMTe meM pacate haiM vaha bhI abhakSya ho jaayeNge| kyoMki jo-jo pAcana saMbaMdhI parezAniyAM dUdha ke pAcana se AtI haiM, usase kahIM adhika parezAniyAM pheTayukta DrAyaphrUTsa meM AtI haiN| ataH aisA kutarka ucita nahI hai| ___ yadi kisI ke beTe ne janma se dUdha nahIM piyA aura vaha svastha 6 phITa kA hai to yaha bhI dekhanA cAhie ki vaha khAtA kyA kyA hai| kyA vaha saba eka garIba AdamI ke beTe ko saMbhava hai? jisa maoN ne bacapana se dUdha nahIM pilAyA ho to bar3e hone para vaha pacatA bhI nahIM, esIDiTI hotI hai aura gaisa Adi kI aneka samasyAeM utpanna hotI haiM, isakA matalaba yaha nahIM ki sabhI ke lie nahIM pacatA aura sabhI ke lie abhakSya ho| isameM dUdha kA doSa nahIM balki pIne vAle kA doSa hai| mAnava ko dUdha Avazyaka kyoM : zizu avasthA meM lekTesa eMjAima kA paryApta mAtrA meM srAva hotA hai| ve hI enjAima dUdha ko pacAte haiM, isalie baccoM ko vaha pUrNa AhAra hotA hai, lekina jaise-jaisa umra bar3hatI jAtI hai, vaise-vaisa lekTesa enjAima ke srAva kI mAtrA ghaTatI jAtI hai| phira bhI niraMtara dUdha pIne vAloM ko vaha pacatA rahatA hai| dugdha eka pUrNa AhAra hai kyoMki zarIra ko puSTa aura svastha rakhane ke lie jitane proTIna, viTAmina aura khanija tatvoM kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, ve sabhI dUdha meM pAye jAte haiN| yUnivarsiTI oNpha kailIphorniyA meM klInikala imyUnolaoNjI ke prophesara DaoN. TyUbara kahate haiM ki joM vayaska Adatana dUdha aura usase bane utpAdoM kA sevana karate haiM, unake lekTesa eMjAima sakriya bane rahate haiM aura dUdha pacatA rahatA hai, paraMtu jo bAlyAvasthA ke bAda dUdha kA sevana baMda kara dete haiM unake lekTesa eMjAima kA saMzleSaNa baMda ho jAtA hai| aise vyaktiyoM ko DAyariyA aura peTa darda Adi bImArI ke lakSaNa dUdha

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anekAnta 59/1-2 pIne ke bAda dikhate haiN| dUdha nahIM pacA sakane vAlA vyakti yadi (cAvala roTI adi ke sAtha) thor3A-thor3A bar3hAte huye krama se dUdha kA sevana karatA hai, to lekTesa eMjAima kI paryApta mAtrA ho jAtI hai aura pariNAma svarUpa dUdha pacane lagatA hai| jainAcAryoM kI dRSTi meM dUdha : digambara jainAcArya somadeva sUri mahArAja ne yazastilaka campU mahAkAvya ke 7 veM adhyAya meM likhA hai ki zuddhaM dugdhaM na go mAMsaM vastu vaicitrymiidRshm| vivadhvaM ratna mAheyaM viSaM ca vipade mtH|| 354 / / arthAt-dUdha zuddha hai mAMsa azuddha hai yahI to vastu svarUpa kI vicitratA hai| jaisa sA~pa ke phaNa meM nAgamaNi hotI hai aura viSa bhI hotA hai| viSa to prANI ko mAra detA hai, jabaki nAgamaNi viSa ke jahara ko mAra detI hai aura prANI ko bacA letI hai| isa prakAra vastu svarUpa ke anusAra jaise sA~pa kI maNi grAhya hai aura viSa tyAjya hai, vaise hI prANI kA dUdha to grAhya hai aura mAMsa tyAjya hai| isI bAta ko aura spaSTa karane ke lie AcArya mahArAja dUsarA udAharaNa dete huye kahate haiM ki heyaH palaM payaH peyaM satyapi kaarnne| ____ viSa dorAyuSe patraM, mUlaM tu mRtaye matam / / arthAta-jaise viSa vRkSa kA pattA aura usakI jar3a ina donoM ke utpAdaka kAraNa eka hI vRkSa hai phira bhI viSa vRkSa kA pattA amRta tulya aura Ayu rakSaka hai aura jar3a jIvana nAzaka hone se abhakSya aura tyAjya hai| isI prakAra dUdha amRta tulya hone se bhakSya hai aura rakta, mAMsa viSa tulya hone se abhakSya hai, jainAcAryoM ne gur3a, taila namaka ina tIna rasoM kI zreNI meM dUdha, dahI aura ghI ina tIna rasoM ko rakhakara kula 6 rasa kahe

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anekAnta 59/1-2 haiM, ataH dUdha, dahI bhI gur3a Adi ke samAna sevana karane yogya rasa hai| dUdha amRta hai aisA eka kathAnaka mahAbhArata meM isa prakAra milatA hai ki yakSa ne yudhiSThita se prazna pUchA ki amRta kyA hai? yudhiSThira ne uttara diyA gorasa (ghI, dUdha, dhii)| digambara jainAcAryoM ne dhavalA Adi kaI graMthoM meM spaSTa ullekha kiyA hai ki sAga, anAja, dUdha Adi sacitta padArthoM ko ubAlakara jIvANurahita (acita) prAsuka kiyA jA sakatA hai, ataH dUdha phalAdi bhakSya hai| mAMsa ko agni meM bhI rakha dene para bhI jIvANu rahita (prAsuka) nahIM kara sakate, ataH mAMsAhAra abhakSya hai| ahiMsaka vyavasAya hai pazu pAlana : gAya, bhesa Adi pazuoM ko pAlanA unakA dUdha duhakara upayoga meM lAnA aura baila Adi ko khetI ke kAma meM lAnA jaina dharma sammata hai| digambara jainAcArya jinasena svAmI ne Adi purANa ke 16 veM parva ke 184 ve zloka meM likhA hai ki prathama tIrthakara AdinAtha svAmI ke samaya jaba bhoga bhUmi ke bAda karmabhUmi prAraMbha huI taba AdinAtha svAmI ne varNa vyavasthA karake prajA ko apanI AjIvikA calAne asi, masi, kaSi Adi SaTkarma karane kA upadeza diyaa| jo khetI, vyApAra aura pazupAlana Adi karake AjIvikA calAte the ve vaizya khlaaye| ataH kRSi evaM pazupAlana karanA eka ahiMsaka aura jainAgama sammata kArya hai| dUdha duhAnA Avazyaka kyoM : dugdha graMthi meM saMgrahIta hone vAlA amRta tulya dUdha duhanA anivArya hai| lekina dUdha duhane vAlA yaha dhyAna rakhe ki pahale lagabhaga 1 mAha taka bachar3e ko peTa bharane taka dUdha pilAye aura zeSa dUdha duhale, usake bAda jaba bachar3A bar3A ho jAye aura ghAsa, roTI Adi khAne lage taba AdhA yA eka cauthaI dUdha pilAye, zeSa duhale, paraMtu iMjekzana lagAkara na duhe|

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anekAnta 59/1-2 gAyoM para anusaMdhAna karane vAle hanAha zodha saMsthAna ke DaoN. vAIlDa tathA unake anya sahayogI vaijJAnika kahate haiM ki dUdha duhanA Avazyaka hai| yadi nahIM dahate to stana graMthiyoM ke UtakoM para hAnikAraka prabhAva par3atA hai| dUdha na duhane se vaha zarIra dvArA punaH prayoga meM le liyA jAtA hai jisase kozikAyeM mRta hona lagatI haiM aura kucha hI samaya bAda stana graMthiyoM kAma karanA baMda kara detI haiM, jo gAya ke liye ghAtaka hai| gAya kA dUdha sarvottama kyoM : ___ gAya kA dUdha mAtA ke dUdha ke samAna hI hotA hai| vaijJAnika zodhoM se jJAta huA ki gAya ke dUdha meM 87.2 pratizata jala, 3.5 pratizata proTIna, 3.7 pratizata vasA, 4.9 pratizata lekToja, 0.71 pratizata rAkha, 0.121 pratizata kailzyima, 0.095 pratizata phAsphorasa hotA hai evaM 73 kilo kailorI UrjA hotI hai, jabaki mAtA ke dUdha meM 87.5 pratizata jala, 1.0 pratizata proTIna, 4.4 pratizata vasA, 7.0 pratizata lekToja, 0.27 pratizata rAkha, 0.35 pratizata kailziyama, 0.013 pratizata phAsphorasa evaM 70 kilo kailorI UrjA hotI hai| ataH gAya kA dUdha mA~ ke dUdha ke samAna hotA hai jabaki anya maveziyoM kA dUdha mA~ ke dUdha se mela kama khAtA hai isalie gAya kA dUdha mAnava ke lie sarvottama hai| anAdikAla se dUdha kA upayoga mAnava karatA rahA hai, isake pramANa prAcIna purANa, graMthoM meM bhare par3e haiM aneka tIrthakaroM ne dIkSA ke bAda dUdha cAvala kI khIra se pAraNA kI, aura nArAyaNa zrIkRSNa jaise mahApuruSoM ne dUdha dahI kA sevana kiyaa| paraMtu jinheM itihAsa kA samIcIna jJAna nahIM hai, vahI kahate haiM ki ghI ke dIpaka kI bAta to sunI hai para dUdha pIne kI nhiiN| aisA kahane vAloM ko pahale itihAsa kA jJAna prApta karanA caahiye|

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zrAvakAcAra saMgraha meM AvazyakoM kA svarUpa -DaoN. anekAnta kumAra jaina bhagavAn mahAvIra ke zAsana meM zrAvaka, zrAvikA jo gRhastha haiM unheM pratidina kina karttavyoM ko karate huye apanA jIvana yApana karanA cAhie? isa viSaya para prAcIna kAla se hI cintana calA A rahA hai| Arambha se hI eka sAmAnya zrAvaka kI nyUnatama AcArasaMhitA aura Avazyaka karttavyoM ko nirdhArita karane hetu vicAra calA A rahA hai / yadyapi zrutaparamparA se prApta zrAvakoM ke Avazyaka karttavya sabhI AcAryoM ne lagabhaga eka jaise aura eka uddezya ko lekara ginAye haiM / tathApi pratyeka kAla meM jainAcAryo ne yugAnukUla nayI vyAkhyAyeM, unake mUla svarUpa ko surakSita rakhate huye unameM kucha pariSkAra, tathA jahA~ AvazyakatA par3I vahA~ para sArthaka hastakSepa kiye haiM / Avazyaka kI paribhASA : nitya ke avazya karaNIya kriyAnuSThAna rUpa karttavyoM ko 'Avassaya' yA Avazyaka kahate haiN| sAmAnyataH 'avaza' kA artha (pAisaddamahaNNavo. pR.83) akAma anicchu, svAdhIna, svatantra, rAgadveSa se rahita tathA indriyoM kI AdhInatA se rahita hotA hai, tathA ina guNoM se yukta arthAt jitendriya vyakti kI avazyakaraNIya kriyAoM ko Avazyaka kahate haiN| mUlAcAra meM AcArya vaTTakera ne kahA hai 'Na vaso avaso avassa kammamAvAsagaM tti bodhavvA' / ( 7 / 11 ) arthAt jo rAgadveSAdi ke vaza meM nahIM hotA vaha avaza hai tathA usa ( avaza) kA AcaraNa yA karttavya Avazyaka kahalAtA hai / AcArya kundakunda (niyamasAra - 141 ) Avazyaka kA lakSaNa karate huye kahate haiM ki

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anekAnta 59/1-2 31 'jo Na havadi aNNavaso tassa du kama bhaNati aavaasN| kammaviNAsaNajogo Nivbudimaggo ti nnijjutto|| . arthAt jo anya ke vaza nahIM vaha avaza hai, usa avaza kA kArya Avazya hai jo karmo kA vinAza karane yogya evaM nirvANa kA mArga hai| bhagavatI ArAdhanA (vi.TI. 116) ke anusAra-AvAsayanti ratnatrayamapi iti AvazyakAH' arthAt-jo kriyAyeM AtmA meM ratnatraya kA AvAsa karAtI haiM ve Avazyaka haiN| ye Avazyaka muniyoM, AryikAoM, zrAvaka, zrAvikAoM sabhI ko karaNIya haiN| munirAja ina AvazyakoM ko pUrNa rUpa se pAlate haiM tathA zrAvaka yathAzakti inakA eka deza pAlana karate haiN| zrAvakoM ke SaDAvazyaka zrAvakoM ko pratidina karaNIya chaha Avazyaka batalAye gaye haiN| ina AvazyakoM meM kAlAntara meM parivartana bhI aaye| SaTAvazyakoM/ karmoM kA saMkhyA sahita kaI AcAryoM ne ullekha kiyA hai| mahApurANa meM AcArya jinasena (vi. 9 zatI) ne zrAvaka ke karane yogya SaT-Avazyaka kriyAoM kA varNana kiyA hai ijyAM vArtA ca dattiM ca svAdhyAyaM saMyamaM tpH| zrutopAsakasUtratvAt sa tebhyaH samupAdizat / / kuladharmo'yamityeSAmahatpUjAdivarNanam / tadA bhrtraajrssirnvvocdnukrmaat|| (1/30, 31/24,25)* arthAt- 'bharatarAja ne upAsakAdhyayana nAmaka aMga se una vratI logoM ke lie ijyA (pUjyA), vArtA, datti (dAna), svAdhyAya, saMyama aura tapa kA upadeza diyaa| pUjAdi SaTkarma gRhasthoM kA kuladharma hai, aisA vicAra kara * koSThaka saMkhyA-(zrAvakAcAra saMgraha bhAga saMkhyA pRSTha saMkhyA/zloka saMkhyA)

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anekAnta 59/1-2 bharatarAjarSi ne pUjAdi SaTkarmoM kA upadeza diyaa|' yahA~ vidhividhAnapUrvaka jinendra deva kI ArAdhanA ko ijyA tathA kRSi Adi AjIvikA ke anuSThAna ko vArtA kahA hai"vArtA vizuddhavRtyA syAt kRssyaadiinaamnusstthitiH|' (1/31/35) AcArya amRtacandra (vi. 10 zatI) ne puruSArthasiddhi-upAya meM muniyoM ke SaDAvazyakoM ko hI yathAzakti gRhasthoM ke lie karaNIya mAnA haijinapuGgavapravacanai munIzvarANAM yaduktamAcaraNam / sunirUpya nijAM padavIM zaktiM ca nissevymetdpi|| (1/119/200) ve SaT Avazyaka haiM-sAmAyika, stavana, vandanA, pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna aura kAyotsarga idamAvazyakaSaTkaM samatAstavavandanApratikramaNam / pratyAkhyAnaM vapuSo vyutasargazceti kartavyam / / yazastilakacampU meM zrI somadeva sUri (vi. 11 zatI) ne SaTAvazyakoM meM 'vArtA' ko na rakhakara 'guru kI upAsanA' ko mahattva diyaa| zeSa Avazyaka AcArya jinasena jaise hI haiN| cAritrasAra (vi. 10 zatI) meM pUre chaha Avazyaka AcArya jinasena kI hI taraha haiM'gRhasthasyejyA vArtA dattiH svAdhyAyaH saMyamaH tapa ityArya SaT karmANi bhvnti| (1/258) kintu eka nayI bAta cAritrasAra (1/259) meM dekhane ko milI vaha yaha ki ina SaTAvazyakoM ko pAlane vAlA gRhastha do prakAra ke hote haiMjAtikSatriya aura tiirthksstriy| jAtikSatriya-kSatriya, brAhmaNa, vaizya aura zUdra ke bheda se cAra prakAra ke haiN| tIrthakSatriya apanI AjIvikA ke bheda se aneka prakAra ke haiN| amitagatizrAvakAcAra (vi.11 zatI) meM jJAna ke binA Avazyaka ko samyak prakAra se pAnA asaMbhava batalAyA hai

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anekAnta 59/1-2 'na samyakkaraNaM tasya jAyate jJAnato vinaa| zAstrato na vinA jJAnaM zAstraM tenaabhidhiiyte|' (1/334/7) amitagati AcArya ne SaT Avazyaka pAlana karane vAle ke lakSaNa batAte huye kahA hai ki jise uttama dharma kathA sunane meM Ananda AtA ho, jo dUsaroM kI nindA ko sunane kA tyAgI ho, lobha-rahita ho, Alasyarahita ho, nindA karma na karatA ho, kAlakrama kA ullaMghana karane vAlA na ho, upazAnta citta ho aura mArdava guNa kA dhAraka ho, ye SaTAvazyaka karane vAloM ke cihna jAnanA caahie| (1/336/27-28) - AcArya amRtacandra kI taraha AcArya amitagati ne bhI yahA~ jo SaT Avazyaka svIkRta kiye haiM ve ve hI haiM jo muniyoM ke hote haiM-(mUlAcAra 1/22 tathA 7/15) sAmAyikaM stavaH prAjJairvandanA sprtikriyaa| pratyAkhyAnaM tanUtsargaH SoDhAvazyakamIritam / / (1/336/29) arthAt-sAmAyika, stavana, vandanA, pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna aura kAyotsarga ye chaha Avazyaka avazya karane caahie| padmanandipaJcaviMzatikA (vi.12 zatI) meM bhI deva pUjA, guru upAsanA, svAdhyAya, saMyama, tapa tathA dAna ye chaha karma hI batalAye haiN| (3/427/7) sAgAradharmAmRta (vi.13 zatI uttarAddha) meM zrAvakoM ke pUjA, dAna, svAdhyAya, tapa evaM saMyama ye pAMca karma mAne haiN| (2/4,5/18) yahA~ paM. AzAdhara jI ne vArtA tathA guru upAsanA ina donoM meM se kisI eka ko bhI nahIM liyaa| yahA~ saMkhyA kA bhI bheda dikhAyI par3a rahA hai| praznottara zrAvakAcAra (vi.15 zatI) meM yatnapUrvaka, mRtyu kI kImata para bhI SaDAvazyaka karaNIya mAne haiN| inhoMne samatA, vandanA, dAna, kAyotsarga saMyama, aura dhyAna ko alaga-alaga zlokoM meM SaDAvazyaka mAnA hai| (2/430/100-113) dharmasaMgraha (vi.16 zatI uttarAddha) zrAvakAcAra meM AcArya jinasena ke hI samAna ijyA, vArtA, tapa, dAna, svAdhyAya tathA saMyama ina chaha karmoM

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anekAnta 59/1-2 34 ko pratidina karane vAle ko gRhastha mAnA hai / (2/154/26) vratodyotana zrAvakAcAra (vi. 16 zatI) meM yadyapi sabhI AvazyakoM kA varNana hai kintu eka sthAna para zrAvakoM ke lie do hI kAryo ko mukhya mAnA hai, dAna denA aura pUjA-pATha karanA - " zrAvakANAmubhau mArgI dAnapUjApravartinI / " (3 / 2256/184) kundakunda zrAvakAcAra meM sabase haTakara saMkhyA nirdhArita kI aura zrAvakoM ke dasa gRhastha dharma batalAye haiM dayA dAnaM damo deva- pUjA bhaktirgurau kSamA / satyaM zaucastapo'steyaM dharmo'yaM gRhamedhinAm / / (4/33/5) arthAt dayA, dAna, indriya- damana, deva-pUjana, gurubhakti, kSamA, satya, zauca, tapa, acaurya yaha gRhasthoM kA dharma kahA gayA hai / yadyapi inheM yahA~ Avazyaka zabda se nahIM kahA gayA tathApi kahIM bhI paDAvazyakoM kA pRthak ullekha na hone se hama inhIM ko dazAvazyaka mAna lete haiM / 1. deva- pUjA devadarzana samyagdarzana kA nimitta hai, phira deva pUjA kA kyA kahanA ? zAyada yahI kAraNa hai ki kAlAntara meM deva pUjA ko zrAvakoM ko pratidina karane vAle AvazyakoM meM rakhakara anivArya mAnA gayA / AcAryoM ne deva pUjA ke bAre meM eka svara meM samarthana diyA / deva pUjA kI vidhiyoM meM yadyapi kucha antara dikhAyI dete haiM kintu ve sabhI zrAvaka ko dharma se jor3e rakhane hetu Avazyaka jAna par3e isalie unakA samAveza kiyA gyaa| deva pUjA gRhasthoM kA Avazyaka karttavya hai| AcArya samantabhadra -gRhastha ko AdarapUrvaka, nitya sarvakAmanAoM ke pUrNa karane vAle aura kA vikAra ko jalAne vAle devAdhideva jinendra bhagavAn kI pUjAarcanA jarU karanI cAhie / ( 1 / 14/119) kahate T mahApurANa meM AcArya jinasena ne, arhanta deva kI pUjA ke lie pA~ca prakAra batalAye haM ve pA~ca prakAra haiM

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anekAnta 59/1-2 1. nitya-maha (sadArpaNa)- pratidina apane ghara se jinAlaya me le jAye gaye gaMdha puSpa akSata Adi ke dvArA jina bhagavAna kI pUjana karanA nitya-maha kahalAtA hai| bhakti se jina-vimba aura jinAlaya Adi kA nirmANa karAnA, tathA unake saMrakSaNa ke liye grAma Adi kA rAjya zAsana ke anusAra, paMjIkaraNa karake dAna denA bhI nityamaha kahalAtA hai| apanI zakti ke anusAra, munIzvaroM kI nitya AhAra Adi dAna ke sAtha jo pUjA kI jAtI hai vaha bhI nityamaha kahalAtI hai| (1/31/27, 8. 29) 2. caturmukha-maha (mahAmahA, sarvatobhadra)- mahAmukuTa-vaddha rAjAo ke dvArA kI jAne vAlI mahApUjA ko caturmukha-maha Adi nAmoM se jAnA jAtA hai / (1/31/30) ___. kalpadruma- maha (kalpavRkSa-yajJa)- cakravartiyoM ke dvArA tuma loga kyA cAhate ho" isa prakAra yAcaka janoM se pUcha-pUchakara jagata kI AzA ko pUrNa karane vAlA kimicchaka dAna diyA jAtA hai, vaha kalpadruma maha yA kalpavRkSa-yajJa kahalAtA hai| (1/31/31) ____ 4. ASTAnhika-maha- ApTAnhikA parva meM sAmAnyajanoM ke dvArA kiyA jAne vAlA pUjana, ApTAnhika-maha kahalAtA hai| (131/32) ____5. indradhvaja-maha- uparyukta cAra prakAra kI pUjanoM ke dvArA indroM ke dvArA kI jAne vAlI mahAna pUjA ko indradhvaja-maha kahate haiN| Aja ke yuga meM pratimA kI pratiSThA ke nimitta pratiSThApAryoM ke dvArA jo paMcakalyANaka pUjA kI jAtI hai, use bhI indradhvaja- maha kahA jA sakatA hai| (1/31/32) ___inake alAvA bhI jo pUjane kI jAtI haiM, una sabakA samAveza ina paoNca bhedoM meM ho jAtA hai| AcArya jinasena isa vidhi se yukta mahAn pUjana ko SaT AvazyakoM (kartavyoM) meM ijyA-vRtti (deva-pUjana) kahate haiN| (1/31/33, 34) somadevasUri ne yazastilakacampUgata upAsakAdhyayana meM cAra zikSAvratoM

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anekAnta 59/1-2 ke antargata sAmAyika zikSAvrata meM devapUjA kA varNana kiyA hai| AcArya kahate haiM ki sAmAyika kA artha hI hai 'jinendra deva kI bhakti pUrvaka pUjA / ' jinendra deva kI pUjA karane kA jo upadeza hai use samaya kahate haiM aura usameM usake icchuka janoM ke jo jo kAma batalAye gaye haiM use sAmAyika kahate haiM 36 AptasevopadezaH syAtsamayaH samayArthinAm / niyuktaM tatra yatkarma tatasAmAyikamUcire / / ( 1 / 171/426) aura sAkSAt jinendra deva ke abhAva meM unakI pratimA kI pUjana karane se bhI puSya bandha hotA hai - ' AptasyAsannidhAne'pi puNyAyAkRti pUjanam | ( 1/171 /427) deva pUjA ke do rUpa batAte huye AcArya kahate haiM ki eka to puSpAdi meM jina bhagavAn kI sthApanA karake pUjA kI jAtI hai, dUsare jina bimboM meM jina bhagavAna kI sthApanA karake pUjA kI jAtI hai| anya dUsare matoM kI pratimAoM meM jinendra deva kI sthApanA karake pUjA nahIM karanI cAhie | ( 1 / 173/446 ke bAda) isa prakAra atadAkAra aura tadAkAra pUjana ke ye do prakAra btlaaye| inameM jo puSpAdika meM ( atadAkAra) jinandra deva kI sthApanA karake pUjana karate haiM usakI pUjA vidhi batalAte huye kahate hai ki 'pUjAvidhi ke jJAtAoM ko sadA arhanta aura siddha ko madhya meM, AcArya ko dakSiNa meM, upAdhyAya ko pazcima meM, sAdhu ko uttara meM aura pUrva meM samyagdarzana samyak jJAna aura samyak cAritra ko krama se bhojapatra para lakar3I ke paTiye para, vastra para, zilAtala para reta nirmita bhUmi para, pRthvI para AkAza meM aura hRdaya meM sthApita karanA cAhie / phira pUjA karanA caahie| ( 1 / 173 / 448 ) isake bAda pratimA meM sthApanA karake tadAkAra pUjana karane kI vidhi AcArya ne btlaayii| AcArya ne deva pUjA ke chaha prakAra batalAye - (1) prastAvanA ( 2 ) purAkarma (3) sthApanA (4) sannidhApana (5) pUjA ( 6 ) pUjA kA phala / ( 1 / 180 / 495)

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anekAnta 59/1-2 gRhastha jIvana meM deva-pUjA kI anivAryatA ko batalAte huye AcArya kar3e zabdoM meM kahate haiM ki jo gRhastha hote hue bhI deva-pUjA kiye binA tathA muniyoM kI sevA kiye binA bhojana karatA hai vaha mahApApa ko khAtA hai devapUjAmanirmAya munInanupacarya c| yo bhuJjIta gRhasthaH san sa bhuJjIta paraM tmH|| (1/185/532) isalie AcArya ne gRhasthoM ke lie deva pUjA meM pahile abhiSeka, phira pUjana, phira bhagavAn ke guNoM kA stavana, phira paJca namaskAra mantra kA jApa, phira dhyAna aura phira jinavANI kA stvn| isa prakAra krama se chaha kriyAyeM Avazyaka mAnI haiN| snapanaM pUjanaM stotraM japo dhyAnaM shrutstvH| SoDhA kriyoditA sadbhirdevasevAsu gehinAm / / (1/229/880) cAritrasAra meM bhI pUjA ke caturmukha-maha Adi prakAroM kA varNana ThIka usI prakAra hai jisa prakAra yazastilakacampU meM hai| (bhAga-1 pRSTha.285) amitagati kRta zrAvakAcAra meM jina pUjA ke mahAtmya kA, usake vividha laukika tathA pAramArthika phaloM kA vivecana hai| laukika phaloM meM anya upalabdhiyoM ke alAvA jahA~ eka tarapha yaha batAyA ki jinendra deva kI pUjana karane vAloM ko kAmasevana ke lie utsuka, madhura vacana vAlI, saghana-stana-maNDaloM kI dhAraka aura ramaNIya zarIra vAlI aisI ramaNiyA~ ramAtI haiM sakAmA manyathAlApA nibiddstnmnnddlaaH| ramaNI ramaNIyAGgA ramayanti jinaarcinH|| (1/375/38) vahIM dUsarI tarapha pAramArthika upalabdhiyoM meM siddha pada kI prApti jina pUjana se hotI hai aisA bhI batalAyA hai| (1/375/39) AcArya vasunandi kahate haiM ki arhanta jinendra, siddha bhagavAn

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anekAnta 59/1-2 AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhuoM kI tathA zAstra kI jo vaibhava se nAnA prakAra pUjI kI jAtI hai, use pUjA vidhAna jAnanA caahie| nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se uha prakAra kI pUjA hotI hai| (1/463-64/380-81) _1. nAma pUjA- arahanta Adi kA nAma uccAraNa karake vizuddha pradeza meM jo puppa-kSepaNa kiye jAte haiM, vaha nAma pUjA hai| (1/464/382) 2. sthApanA pUjA- sadbhAvanA aura asadbhAvanA, yaha do prakAra ke sthApanA pUjA hai| AkAravAn vastu meM arahanta kI sthApanA karake pUjA karanA sadbhAvanA pUjA hai| aura akSara, varATaka (kaur3I yA kamalagaTTA) meM apanI buddhi se yaha amuka devatA hai-aisA saMkalpa karake uccAraNa karanA yaha asadbhAvasthApanA pUjA hai| AcArya vasunandi ne yahA~ huMDAvasarpiNI paMcama kAla meM dUsarI asadbhAvasthApanA pUjA kA niSedha kiyA hai kyoMki kaliMga-matiyoM se mohita isa loka meM sandeha ho sakatA hai| (1/464/383-385) 3. dravyapUjA- jalAdi dravya se pratimAdi dravya kI jo pUjA kI jAtI hai, use dravya pUjA jAnanA caahie| vaha dravya se arthAt jala-gaMdha Adi padArtha samUha (pUjana sAmagrI) se karanI caahie| yaha dravya pUjA sacitta, acitta aura mizra ke bheda se tIna prakAra kI hai| isameM pratyakSa upasthita jinendra deva tathA guru Adi kI yathAyogya pUjana karanA sacitta pUjA hai| aura unake zarIra kI tathA zAstra kI pUjA acitta pUjA hai| aura donoM ko milAkara pUjana karanA mizra hai| (1/470/448-450) ___4. kSetrapUjA- jina bhagavAn kI janamakalyANaka bhUmi, niSkramaNakalyANaka bhUmi, kevalajJAnotpattisthAna, tIrthacihnasthAna aura nipIdhikA arthAt nirvANabhUmiyoM meM vidhividhAna se unakI pUjA karanA kSetra pUjA kahalAtI hai| (1/471/452) 5. kAlapUjA- jisa dina tIrthaGkaroM ke garbhAvatAra, janmAbhiSeka,

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anekAnta 59/1-2 niSkamaNa, jJAna, aura nirvANa kalyANaka huye usa dina vidhividhAna se pUjA karanA kAla pUjA hai| (1/471/453) 6. bhAvapUjA- paramabhakti ke sAtha jinendra deva ke ananta catuSTaya Adi guNoM kA kIrtana karake jo trikAla vaMdanA kI jAtI hai use nizcaya se bhAva pUjA kahate haiN| (1/471/456) isa prakAra AcArya vasunandi ne pUjA ke chaha prakAra batalAkara usakA vistRta varNana kiyA hai| __ sAgAradharmAmRta meM nityamaha Adi unhIM pUjanoM kA vidhAna hai jinakA vidhAna AcArya jinasena ne kiyA hai (2/10/26, 27, 28) / pUjA ke lie aSTa-dravya tathA zuddha snAnAdi kA upadeza dekara jinabhakti kA mahAphala batalAkara usameM saMlagna rahane kA upadeza diyA hai| dharmasaMgraha zrAvakAcAra meM pUjana ke nAma, sthApanAdi chaha prakAroM kA varNana usI prakAra kA hai jisa prakAra AcArya vasunandi ne kiyA hai (2/159/85) / umAsvAmi zrAvakAcAra meM kina dizAoM se pUjana karanI cAhie isakA ullekha hai| ve kahate haiM ki pUjana karane se pahale pUrva dizA kI tarapha mukha karake snAna karanA cAhie, pazcima dizA kI tarapha dAtana, uttara diza kI tarapha hokara zvetavastra dhAraNa karanA cAhie aura jinendra deva kI pUjA uttara yA pUrva kI tarapha mukha karake karanA caahie| (3/160/97) __cUMki sabhI manuSyoM ke dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva samAna nahIM hote ataH umAsvAmi zrAvakAcAra meM pUjA ke ikkIsa prakAra batAye aura kahA hai ki jise jo pUjA priya ho, vaha usase bhAvapUrvaka pUjana kre| pUjA ke ikkIsa prakAra nimnavat haiM- (1) snAnapUjA (2) vilepanapUjA (3) AbhUSaNapUjA (4) puSpapUjA (5) sugandhapUjA (6) dhUmapUjA (7) pradIpapUjA (8) phalapUjA (9) tandulapUjA (10) patrapUjA (11) puMgIphalapUjA (12) naivedyapUjA (13) jalapUjA (14) vasanapUjA (15) camarapUjA (16) chatrapUjA (17) vAditrapUjA (18) gIta pUjA (19) nRtyapUjA (20) svastika pUjA (21) kozapUjA (bhaNDAra meM dravya denA) (3/164/136, 137)

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anekAnta 59/1-2 ___isa prakAra umAsvAmi zrAvakAcAra meM pUjA vidhi kA vistRta varNana upalabdha hai tathA sacitta vastuoM se pUjana karane va paJcAmRta-abhiSeka kA prabala samarthana kiyA gayA hai| (dekheM-bhAga-3, pRSTha-160 se 167 taka) umAsvAmi ne (1) AvAhana (2) saMsthApana (3) sannidhikaraNa (4) pUjana (5) visarjana ina paMcopacArI pUjA kA vidhAna kiyA hai (3/165/47, 48) / vAmadeva ne saMskRta bhAvasaMgraha meM pUjA ko zikSAvrata ke antargata sAmAyika meM ThIka usI prakAra grahaNa kiyA hai jisa prakAra yazastilakacampU meM kiyA gayA hai (3/466/23) / vAmadeva ne pUjya aura pUjaka kA lakSaNa karate huye kahA hai ki zataindroM se jinake caraNapUje jAte haiM aise nirdoSa kevalI jinendra deva pUjya haiN| bhavyAtmA zAnta bhAvoM kA dhAraka hai, sapta vyasanoM kA tyAgI hai, aisA brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya tathA uttama zIlavAn zUdra pUjaka hai kaH pUjyaH pUjakastatra pUjA ca kIdRzI mtaa| pUjyaH zatendravanyAhirnidoSaH kevalI jinH|| bhavyAtmA pUjakaH zAnto veshyaadivysnojjhitH| brAhmaNaH kSetriyo vaizyaH sa zUdro vA suzIlavAn / / (zloka-24, 25 pR.-466) saMskRta bhAva saMgraha meM pUjana ke ve hI nityamahAdi bheda haiM jo AcArya jinasena ne kiye haiN| kundakunda zrAvakAcAra meM jinendra kA upadeza dekara pratimA ke sambandha meM eka mahattvapUrNa bAta kahI jo ki vicAraNIya hai vaha yaha ki jo pratimA vigata sau varSa se pUjita calI A rahI ho aura jise uttama puruSoM ne sthApita kiyA ho, to vaha vyaMgita hone para bhI pUjya hai| vaha mUrti niSphala nahIM hai atItAbdazataM yatsyAdhacca sthaapitmuttmaiH| vyaGgamapi pUjyaM syAdvimbaM tanniSphalaM ta yat / / (4/14/133) jina pUjA karane kI vidhi, usakA upadeza, usakA mAhAtmya sabhI zrAvakAcAroM meM kucha alaga kucha samAna rUpa se prApta hotA hai| jahA~ jina

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anekAnta 59/1-2 pUjana ke phala, mAhAtmya tathA unakI vidhiyoM ke lambe caur3e varNana haiM unako hamane vistAra bhaya se yahA~ nahIM liyA hai| jina pUjA ke phala meM meDhaka ke bhava kI kathA adhikAMza AcArya kahate haiN| padmakRta zrAvakAcAra meM bhI usakA sundara varNana hai| usameM jinapUjA mAhAtmya kA varNana eka jhalaka ke rUpa meM prastuta hai jinapUjA karo jinapUjA karo, bhavijana bhAve krii| jinapUjA kalpataru sabhI, cintAmaNi kAmadhenu pUjA nirbhr| mana vAMchita phaladAya indra jinendra pada deI je manohara / / __(4/78/vastuchanda) kizanasiMha kRta kriyAkoSa meM mantra jApa aura pUjA kA trikAla vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| kisa dizA meM mukha kara pUjana kI taiyArI tathA pUjana karanA cAhie isakA vidhAna kizanasiMha ne ThIka vaise hI kiyA hai jisa prakAra umAsvAmi zrAvakAcAra meM kiyA gayA haiM isake alAvA kizanasiMha jI ne mukha para kapar3A lagA kara pUjana karane ko kahA hai jo bhavijana jina pUjA racai, pratimA parasi pakhAlahiM sce| mauna sahita mukha kapar3oM karai, vinaya viveka harSa cita ghrai|| (5/205/48) vartamAna meM mukha para kapar3A lagA kara pUjana karane kI paramparA mUrtipUjaka zvetAmbara bhAIyoM meM prasiddha hai| digambara paramparA meM mukha kI bajAya sira ko kapar3e se Dhaka kara pUjana abhiSeka karane kI paramparA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jaina paramparA meM pUjA ke kitane prakAra batalAye hai| ina sabhI vidhAnoM meM jahA~ kahIM bhI antara dikhAyI de rahe haiM vo deza, kAla, paristhiti yA paramparA vizeSa ke prabhAva ke kAraNa huye pratIta hote haiN| 2. guru-bhakti gurubhakti bhAratIya saMskRti meM prAcIna kAla se hI prasiddha hai| paramparA

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sa anekAnta 59/1-2 meM 'pAnI pIo chAna ke aura guru mAno jAna ke' jaisI prasiddha lokoktiyoM se hI jJAta hotA hai ki sacce guru kA kitanA mahattva mAnA gayA hai| sabhI jainAcAryoM ne gurubhakti ko zrAvakoM kA Avazyaka kartavya mAnA hai| ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra grantha meM AcArya samantabhadra ne satyArtha guru kA lakSaNa kiyA hai ve kahate haiM ki jo paMcendriyoM kI AzA ke vaza se rahita ho, khetI-pazu-pAlana Adi Arambha se rahita ho, jJAnAbhyAsa, dhyAna samAdhi aura tapazcaraNa meM nirata ho, aise tapasvI nirgrantha guru prazaMsanIya hote haiN| (1/2/10) sAgAra dharmAmRta meM guru kI upAsanA ko Avazyaka batalAyA gayA hai| paNDita AzAdhara jI kahate haiM upAsyA guravo nityamapramattaiH zivArthibhiH / ttpksstaay-pkssaantshcraavighnorgottraa|| nirvyAjayA manovRttyA sAnuvRttyA gurminaH / pravizya rAjavacchazvad vinayenAnuraJjayet / / (2/13/46, 47) arthAt-'pramAda rahita mokSa ke icchuka vyaktiyoM ke dvArA gurujana sadA hI pUje jAnA cAhie, kyoMki una guruoM ke adhIna hokara usI prakAra sAre vighna dUra ho jAte haiM jaise garur3a pakSI ke paMkhoM ko or3ha kara calane vAloM ke pAsa sarpa nahIM phaTaka skte| 'dharmasaMgraha zrAvakAcAra meM kahA hai ki darzanAcAra, jJAnAcAra Adi paMca prakAra ke AcAra se yukta sUri (AcAya) dvAdazAMgazAstra ko jAnane vAle upAdhyAya, tathA apanI AtmA kI prApti ke liye prayatna karane vAle sAdhu (muni) ye saba pUjane yogya haiM (2/155/43) / praznottara zrAvakAcAra meM nirgrantha arthAt parigraha rahita ko hI guru mAnane ko kahA hai anya ko nahIM "nigranthazca gurunAnya ettsmyktvmucyte|" (2/211/2)

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 nirgrantha guruoM ke sacce svarUpa kA varNana praznottara zrAvakAcAra meM bahuta vistAra se hai ( 2 / 222 / 132-146) / do sAragarbhita zloka kahe haiM jo ullekhanIya hai 'dezakA ye taraMti svayaM saMsAre duHkha sAgare / tArayanti samarthAsta pareSAM bhavyadehinAm / / budhottamAH / / / gurun saMgavinirmuktAn ye bhajanti nAkarAjyAdikaM prApya muktinAthA bhavanti ye / / (2/223/143-144) 43 arthAt- "jo aneka dukhoM se bhare hue isa saMsAra sAgara se svayaM tarate haiM aura bhavya jIvoM ko pAra kara dene meM samartha haiM aisa parigraha rahita guruoM kI jo buddhimAn sevA bhakti karate haiM ve svargAdika ke uttama sAmrAjya bhogakara anta meM mokSa sukha ke svAmI hote haiN|' isake alAvA isa zrAvakAcAra meM kuguru kA svarUpa batalAkara unakA bhI niSedha kiyA hai / tathA kahA hai ki sarpa, zatru aura cora Adi kA samAgama karanA acchA parantu mithyAtva mArga meM lage hue ina kuguruoM kA samAgama acchA nahIM kyoMki sarpa, zatru Adi ke samAgama se eka hI bhava meM duHkha hotA hai parantu ina kuguruoM ke samAgama se ananta bhavoM taka duHkha prApta hotA rahatA hai / varaM sarpAricaurANAM saMgastAnna paraiH samam / mithyAtvapathasaMlagnairanantabhavaduHkhadam / / (2/223/153) dharmopadezapIyUSavarSa zrAvakAcAra meM bhI jo ratnatrayadhArI ho tathA svayaM ko evaM dUsaroM ko saMsAra se pAra lagAye unhIM guru ko pUjanIya mAnA hai- * santu te guravonityaM ye saMsAra saritpatau / ratnatrayamahAnAvA svapareSAM ca tArakAH / / (2/462/3) lATIsaMhitA meM AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu ina tIna prakAra ke sacce guruoM kA vistAra se varNana haiN| guru ke svarUpa kI bahuta sUkSma

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anekAnta 59/1-2 vyAkhyA vahA~ kI gayI hai| sarvaprathama to AtmA kA jo zuddhabhAva nirjarAdi kA kAraNa hai vahI paramapUjya hai aura usase yukta AtmA hI paramaguru hai| gurupane kA kAraNa kevala doSoM kA nAza ho jAnA hI hai| jo nirdoSa hai vahI jagat kA sAkSI hai aura vahI mokSamArga kA netA hai anya nahIM nirjarAdinidAnaM yaH zuddhobhAvazcidAtmakaH / paramArhaH sa evAsti tadvAnAtmA paraM guru|| nyAyAdgurutvahetuH syAtkevalaM dosssNkssyH| nirdoSo jagataH sAkSI netAmArgasya netrH|| (3/168/193-194) upAsvAmi zrAvakAcAra meM kahA hai ki guru ke binA bhavyajIvoM ko bhava se pAra utArane vAlA aura koI bhI nahIM hai, aura na hI guru ke binA anya koI mokSamArga kA praNetA hI ho sakatA hai ataH sajjanoM ko guru kI sevA karanI cAhie guruM vinA na ko'pyasti bhavyAnAM bhvtaarkH| mokSamArgapraNetA ca sevyo'taH zrIguruH satAm / / guruNAM guNayuktAnAM vidheyo vinayo mhaan| manovacanakAyaizca kRtkaaritsmmtaiH|| (3/168/193-194) arthAt- 'guNoM se saMyukta guruoM kI mana-vacana-kAya se aura kRta kArita anumodanA se mahAn vinaya karanI caahie| padmanandipaJcaviMzatikAgata zrAvakAcAra meM guru kI upAsanA kA suphala tathA nahIM karane para duSphala ina donoM kA hI varNana hai- . guroreva prasAdena labhyate jnyaanlocnm| samastaM dRzyate yena hastarekheva nistuSam / / ye guruM naiva manyante tadupAstiM na kurvate / andhakAro bhavetteSAmudite'pi divaakre|| (3/428-29/18, 19)

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anekAnta 59/1-2 arthAt-guru ke prasAda se hI jJAna rUpa netra prApta hotA hai, jisake dvArA samsta vizvagata padArtha hastarekhA ke sAmAna spaSTa dikhAI dete haiN| isalie jJAnArthI gRhasthoM ko bhaktipUrvaka gurujanoM kI vaiyAvRttya aura vandanA Adi karanA caahie| jo gurujanoM kA sammAna nahIM karate haiM aura na unakI upAsanA hI karate haiM, sUrya ke udaya hone para bhI unake hRdaya meM ajJAnarUpa andhakAra banA hI rahatA hai|' kundakunda zrAvakAcAra meM guru-ziSya donoM kA svarUpa batalAkara gurubhakti kisa prakAra karanI cAhie isako batalAte huye kahate haiM ki sarvaprathama to deva-pUjanAdi ke bAda hameM svayaM calakara guru ke pAsa jAnA cAhie, yadi guru AyeM to bhalIbhaoNti paryupAsanA karanI cAhie, apane Asana se uThanA, sAmane jAnA, mastaka para jala dhAraNa kara svayaM unheM Asana denA, unakI bhaktipUrvaka namaskAra karanA aura jaba jAyeM to kucha dUra taka unheM bhejane jAnA-yahI guru kI upAsanA kA krama hai| (4/20/183-187) isa prakAra zrAvakAcAra saMgraha meM saMgrahIta vibhinna zrAvakAcAroM meM guru ke mahattva tathA unakI bhakti kA vizeSa varNana hai| 3. svAdhyAya 'svAdhyAyaH paramaM tapaH'- kaha kara AcAryoM ne svAdhyAya ko tapa ke bhedoM meM ginA hai| yadyapi 'tapa' bhI SaDAvazyakoM meM hai tathApi svAdhyAya kA mahattva itanA adhika hai ki use pRthak sthAna dekara usakI anivAryatA mAnI hai| svAdhyAya sva-para kA bheda jJAna karavAne meM sabase bar3A nimitta hai| zeSa AvazyakoM ko saccI rIti pUrvaka karane ke lie bhI svAdhyAya bahuta Avazyaka hai| amitagatikRta zrAvakAcAra meM AcArya ne svAdhyAya tapa kA varNana karate hue kahA hai ki 'paMcama gati mukti ko cAhane vAle puruSoM ko vAcanA, pRcchanA, AmnAya, anuprekSA aura dharmadezanArUpa pA~ca prakAra kA svAdhyAya karanA caahie|'

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anekAnta 59/1-2 vAcanApRcchanAmnAyA'nuprekSA dhrmdeshnaa| svAdhyAyaH paJcadhA kRtyAH paJcamI gatimicchatA / / (1/391/81) AzAdharakRta sAgAradharmAmRta meM AcArya ne svAdhyAyazAlA kI mahattA para prakAza DAlate hue kahA hai ki "ziSyoM kI taraha guruoM kI buddhi bhI svAdhyAyazAlA ke binA UhApoha rahita hotI huI paricita yA abhyasta zAstra ke viSaya meM bhI yA mokSamArga meM aMdhe ke samAna AcaraNa karatI hai arthAt yathArthajJAnavihIna rahatI hai| ataH jahA~ svAdhyAyazAlA nahIM hai, vahA~ ziSyoM ke samAna upAdhyAyoM kI bhI buddhi tattvoM ke UhApoha kA mArga nahIM rahane se parAmarzazIlatA ke sAdhana ke abhAva meM abhyasta zAstra bhI andhI sI ho jAtI hai, parimArjita nahIM rahatI hai| isalie sthAna-sthAna para svAdhyAyazAlA bhI sthApita karAnA caahie|" vineyavadvinetRNAmapi svaadhyaayshaalaa| vinA vimarzazUnyA dhI-dRSTe'tyandhAyate'dhvani / / (2/12/39 AzAdharakRta sAgAradharmAmRta meM AcArya ne mahAzrAvaka ko paribhASita karate hue kahA hai ki "mahAzrAvaka vidhi ke anusAra svAdhyAya ko kaM aura vipatti se pIr3ita dIna prANiyoM ko vipatti se dUra kare kyoMki vizeSajJAnI aura dayAlu vyakti ke hI saba guNa icchApUrtikAraka hote haiM svAdhyAyaM vidhivatkuryAdudvarecca vipaddhatAn / pakvajJAnadayasyaiva guNAH sarve'pi siddhidaaH|| (2/64/13) dharmasaMgraha zrAvakAcAra graMtha meM AcArya ne jJAna kI vRddhi karane ke upAya batAte hue kahA hai ki "jJAna kI dinoM-dina vRddhi ke lie bhavya puruSoM ko-vAcanA, pRcchanA, AmnAya, anuprekSA, dharmopadeza-ye pA~ca prakAra ke svAdhyAya karanA caahie| (2/170/210) Age AcArya svAdhyAyatapa kI paribhASA aura mahattA batAte hue kahate haiM ki "jaina zAstroM ke anusAra apane lie adhyayayana karane ko svAdhyAya kahate haiM aura yahI svAdhyAya ajJAna kA nAza karane vAlA hai,

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anekAnta 59/1-2 svAdhyAyo'dhyayanaM svasmai jainasUtrasya yuktitH| ajJAnapratikUlatvAttapaH sveSa paraM tpH|| (2/170/211) Age AcArya svAdhyAya ko mokSa kA kAraNa batAte hue kahate haiM ki "svAdhyAya ke karane se jJAna kI vRddhi hotI hai, jJAna kI vRddhi hone se citta meM utkaTa vairAgya hotA hai, vairAgya ke hone se parigraha kA tyAga hotA hai usase dhyAna hotA hai, dhyAna ke hone se AtmA kI upalabdhi hotI hai, AtmA kI upalabdhi hone se jJAnAvaraNAdi ATha karmo kA nAza hotA hai aura karmo kA nAza hI mokSa kahA jAtA hai| ataH yaha svAdhyAya paraMparA mokSa kA kAraNa hai isalie bhavya puruSoM ko-zaktyanusAra svAdhyAya avazya karanA caahie|" svAdhyAyAjjJAnavRddhiH syAttasyAM vairAgyamulbaNam / tasmAtsaGgaparityAgastatazcittanirodhanam / / tasmindhyAnaM prajAyeta ttshcaatmprkaashnm| tatra karmakSayA'vazyaM sa eva paramaM pdm|| (2/170/213) ve Age kahate haiM- pUrvakAla meM jitane siddha huye haiM, AgAmI hoMge tathA vartamAna meM hone yogya haiM ve saba niyama se isa svAdhyAya saM hI hue haiM tathA hone vAle haiN| isalie saMsAra kA nAza karane vAlA yahI svAdhyAya mokSa kA kAraNa hai| ataH bhavyagRhasthoM ko svAdhyAya paramparA mokSa kA kAraNa jAnakara, ekAnta sthAna meM baiThakara mana, vacana, kAya kI zaddhi pUrvaka nitya tathA naimittika svAdhyAya karanA cAhie siddhAH setsyanti siddhyanti ye te svAdhyAyato dhruvam / ataH sa eva mokSasya kAraNaM bhavavAraNam / / iti sadgRhiNA kAryo nityo naimittiko'pi c| svAdhyAya rahasi sthitvA svayogyaM zuddhipUrvakam / / (2/170/214-215) kundakunda zrAvakAcAra meM vidyAdhyayana/svAdhyAya ke lie caturdazI,

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anekAnta 59/1-2 amAvasyA, pUrNamAsI aura aSTamI ke dina adhyayana kA niSedha kiyA hai tathA kahA gayA hai ki sUtaka ke samaya aura rAhu ke dvArA candra-sUrya ke grahaNa hone ke kAla meM bhI nahIM par3hanA caahie| isI prakAra ulkApAta, vajrapAta, bhUkampa aura meghagarjana hone para, maraNa ko prApta hue bandhu janoM ke pretakarma karane para, akAla meM bijalI camakane para, bhraSTa aura malina puruSa ke tathA apavitra vastu ke sAnidhya meM, zamazAna meM, dina meM rAtri ke samAna andhakAra hone para aura apanI zArIrika azuci dazA hone para nahIM par3hanA cAhie (4/83-84/121-125) / isake alAvA kundakunda zrAvakAcAra meM batAyA hai ki gaNita, jyotiSa, sAhitya, tarkazAstra, saMskRta, saurasenI, mAgadhI, paizAcI, apabhraMza bhASA, vyAkaraNa kA bhI par3hane kA lakSya rakhanA cAhie (4/84/129-136) / daulatarAma jI ne kriyAkoza meM svAdhyAya kI mahattA ko batalAyA hai| svAdhyAya ke pAMca bhedoM kA bhI varNana kiyA hai| (4/349/64-77) eka sundara dohA kahA hai jisameM svAdhyAya kA marma samAhita hai kevala Atama artha jo karai sUtra abhyaas| apanI pUjA nahiM cahai, pAvai tattva adhyaas|| 4. saMyama ___ saMyama eka aisA Avazyaka hai jisameM saMpUrNa zrAvakAcAra garbhita ho jAtA hai| sabhI vratoM ko apane meM saMjone vAle saMyama ko zrAvaka kA Avazyaka karttavya mAnA gayA hai| asaMyamI kA dharma ke kSetra meM koI mUlya nahIM hai| AcAryoM ne saMyama kI paribhASA tathA vyAkhyA bahuta vistAra se kI hai| __ yazastilakacampU meM saMyama kI paribhASA karate huye kahA gayA hai ki AtmA kA kalyANa cAhane vAloM ke dvArA jo kaSAyoM kA nigraha, indriyoM kA jaya, mana vacana aura kAya kI pravRttiyoM kA tyAga tathA vratoM kA pAlana kiyA jAtA hai use saMyamI puruSa saMyama kahate haiM

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anekAnta 59/1-2 kaSAyendriyadaNDAnAM vijayo vrtpaalnm| saMyamaH saMyataiH proktaH zreyaH shryitumicchtaam|| (1/231/892) cAritrasAra meM paJcANuvrata kA pAlana karanA hI saMyama kahA hai'saMyamaH paJcANuvratapravarttanam' (1/259) / saMyama ke hI eka prasaMga meM cAritrasAra meM eka zaMkA samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai jo saMbhavataH SaTkhaNDAgama ke vargaNA khaNDa ke bandhana adhikAra se uddhRta hai| zaMkA hai ki saMyama aura virati meM kyA bheda hai? usakA uttara dete kahate haiM ki samiti sahita mahAvrata aura aNuvrata saMyama kahalAte haiM aura samitiyoM ke binA ve mahAvrata aura aNuvrata virati kahalAte haiN| (1/257) dharmasaMgraha zrAvakacAra meM kahA hai ki mana aura indriyoM ke vaza karane ko saMyama kahate haiN| isalie gRhasthoM ko apane yogya saMyama nirantara pAlana karanA caahie| yaha saMyama bhI sakala saMyama evaM vikala saMyama ke bheda se do prakAra kA hotA haiM sakala saMyama muni dhAraNa kara pAte haiN| evaM vikala saMyama gRhastha dhAraNa kara pAtA hai- (2/17/216-217) manaH krnnsNrodhstrssthaavrpaalnm| saMyamaH sadgRhI taM ca svayogyaM paalyetsdaa|| saMyamo dvividho hi syAtsakalo viklstthaa| AdyaH tapasvibhiH pAlyaH parastu gRhibhistthaa|| upAsvAmi zrAvakAcAra meM saMyama ke do bhedoM kA ullekha karate huye kahA hai ki saMyama do prakAra kA jAnanA cAhie (1) indriya saMyama (2) prANI sNym| pA~coM indriyoM ke viSayoM kI nivRtti karanA indriya saMyama hai aura chaha kAya ke jIvoM kI rakSA karanA prANI saMyama hai saMyamo dvividho jJeya aadyshcendriysNymH| indriyArthanivRttyutyo dvitIyaH praannisNymH|| (3/169/201) isa prakAra pratyeka saMyama para vistAra se vivecana hai| padmanandi paJcaviMzatikA meM saMyama kI prareNA dete hue kahA hai ki gRhasthoM ko

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anekAnta 59/12 apane eka dezavrata ke anusAra sayama kA pAlana avazya karanA cAhie, kyoMki sayama ke dvArA hI unakA dezavrata phalIbhUta hotA hai dezavratAnusAreNa saMyamo'pi nissevyte| gRhasthairyena tenaiva jAyate phalavad vrtm| ( 12(922) vAmadevaviracita saMskRta bhAvasaMgraha meM gRhasthA ke eka saMdeza maMyama kA lakSaNa kiyA hai prANinAM rakSaNaM tredhA tthaakssprsraarhtH| ekoddezamiti prAhuH saMyama gRhamedhinAm / / ( 3 177. 160) arthAt-' prANiyo kI mana vacana kAya se rakSA karanA aura indriyoM ke vipayoM meM vaDhate huye prasAra kA rokanA ise gRhasthoM kA ekadezasaMyama kahate haiN|' 5. tapa jisa prakAra sAdhuoM ke lie tapa Avazyaka hai usI prakAra gRhasthoM ke lie bhI vaha ekadeza karaNIya hai| jainAcAryo ne tapa ke viSaya meM lagabhaga eka rAya rakhI hai| puruSArthasiddhyupAya meM AcArya amRtacandra ne bAraha tapoM ko yathAzakti karane kA upadeza diyA hai-ve kahate haiM ki cAritra meM antarbhAva hone se tapa bhI mokSa kA kAraNa Agama meM kahA gayA hai, isalie apane bala-vIrya ko na chipAkara sAvadhAnacitta zrAvakoM ko usa tapa kA bhI sevana karanA caahie| cAritrAntarbhAvAttapo'pi mokSAGgamAgame gaditam / . anigUhitanijavIryaistadapi niSevyaM smaahitsvaantaiH|| (1/119/197) ____ isI ke sAtha AcArya amRtacandra ne antaraMga aura bAhya tapa ye do bheda karate huye, inake nimna chaha-chaha bheda ginAye haiM- (1/119/198-199)

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anekAnta 59/1-2 1. antaraMga tapa - vinaya, vaiyAvRttya, prAyazcita, utsarga, svAdhyAya aura dhyaan| 2. bahiraMga tapa- anazana, avamaudarya, vRttiparisaMkhyAna, rasaparityAga viviktazayyAsana aura kaayklesh| yazastilakacampU meM tapa kA lakSaNa karate haya kahA gayA hai ki apanI zakti ko na chipA kara jo zArIrika kaSTa uThAyA jAtA hai use tapa kahate haiN| kintu vaha tapa jainAgama ke aviruddha yAnI anukUla hone se hI lAbhadAyaka ho sakatA hai| tapa kI eka aura paribhASA karate hue ve kahate haiM-'antaraga aura bAhya mala ke saMtApa se AtmA ko zuddha karane ke lie jo zArIrika aura mAnasika karma kiye jAte haiM use tapasvIjana tapa kahate haiM anigUhitavIryasya kAyaklezastapaH smRtm| tacca mArgAvirodhena guNAya gaditaM jinaiH|| antarbahirmalaploSAdAtmanaH zuddhikAraNam / zArIraM mAnasaM karma tapaH prAhustapodhanAH / / (1/230/390-891) cAritrasAra meM bhI anazanAdi bAraha prakAra ke tapa svIkRta kiye gaye haiM'tapo'nazanAdidvAdazavidhAnuSThAnam' (1/259) / sAgAradharmAmRta meM 'tapazcarya ca zaktitaH' (2/14/48) kahakara zakti anusAra tapa karane kI preraNA dI gayI dharmasaMgraha zrAvakAcAra meM antaraMga aura vahiraMga tapa ye do bheda vatalAte huye unakA lakSaNa bhI kiyA gayA hai 1. bAhya tapa- jisa tapa meM zarIrAdi ko kleza hotA hai use bAhya tapa kahate haiN| ____2. antaraMga tapa- jisa tapa ke karane meM icchA kA nirodha hotA hai use Abhyantara tapa kahate haiM

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anekAnta 59/1-2 yatra saMklizyate kAyastattapo bhirucyte| icchAnirodhanaM yatra tadAbhyantaramIritam / / (2/226/165) praznottara zrAvakAcAra meM tapa kI bahuta mahimA gAyI gayI hai| (2/360/43 se 64 zloka taka) mokSa hetu tapa ko anivArya mAnate huye kahA gayA hai ki 'jo buddhimAna pahale mokSa jA cuke haiM, aba jA rahe haiM, athavA Age jAyeMge ve kevala tapazcaraNa se hI gaye haiM, tapazcaraNa se hI jA rahe haiM aura tapazcaraNa se hI jaayeNge| tapazcaraNa ke sivAya anya kisI bhI kAraNa se mokSa prApta nahIM ho sakatA (2/361/53) / isI prakAra tapazcaraNa nahIM karane vAlo ko duSphala bhI ginAye haiN| lATIsaMhitA (3/49-50/64, 65), upasvAmi zrAvakAcAra (3/170/220-222), vratodyotana zrAvakAcAra (3/236-37/282-292), kundakunda zrAvakAcAra (4/120/25, 26) meM bhI uparokta bAraha tapoM kA hI varNana hai| kundakunda zrAvakAcAra meM mithyA tapa kA bhI phala batAyA hai| ve kahate haiM ki jo alpabuddhi puruSa lokapUjA, artha, lAbha aura apanI prasiddhi ke lie tapa tapatA hai, vaha apane zarIra kA zoSaNa hI karatA hai, use usake tapa kA kucha bhI phala nahIM milatA hai 'pUjAlAbhaprasiddhayartha tapastapyeta yo'lpdhiiH| zoSa eva zarIrasya na tasya tapasaH phalam / / ' (4/120/28) padamakRta zrAvakAcAra meM bhI antaraMga aura bahiraMga ke bheda se bAraha tapoM kA ullekha hai-'bAhya tapa SaT bheda to, abhyantara SaT bheda bhaNyAM e|' (5/97/1) yahA~ inhoMne anazana tapa ke antargata nandIzvarapUjana, rohiNI, mukuTa saptamI Adi ke upavAsoM kA varNana kiyA hai| daulatarAmakRta kriyAkoSa meM bhI bAraha tapoM kA bahuta vistAra se varNana hai| (5/341-350/ 1335 1497) .

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anekAnta 59/1-2 isa prakAra hama pAte haiM ki jaina paramparA meM zrAvakoM ke lie bhI tapa kitanA mahattvapUrNa Avazyaka hai| 'tapa' kA nAma sunate hI Ama jana isako sAdhu ke lie hI karaNIya mAnate haiM kintu jaina zAstroM meM zrAvakoM ke lie tapa kA jitanA sundara vyavasthita citraNa prApta hotA hai utanA anyatra prApta nahIM hotA hai| 6. dAna bhAratIya saMskRti meM 'dAna' bahuta prasiddha hai kintu yaha dAna kyoM , kisako va kaise denA cAhie yaha vicAraNIya hai| jainAcAryoM ne dAna ke bheda kiye, dAtA tathA pAtra-kupAtra kA lakSaNa bhI batAyA kyoMki sahI dAna jitanA puNya kAraka hotA hai, galata dAna utanA hI pApa kAraka bhI ho jAtA hai| mahApurANa meM AcArya jinasena ne dAna ke cAra bheda karate huye use zrAvakoM ke lie Avazyaka mAnA hai| dAna ke cAra bheda haiM (1/31/35) 1. dayAdatti 2. pAtradatti 3. samadatti 4. anvayadatti 1. dayAdatti- anugraha karane ke yogya dayA ke pAtra dIna prANisamudAya para mana-vacana-kArya kI nirmalatA ke sAtha anukampA pUrvaka unake bhaya dUra karane ko vidvAn logoM ne dayAdatti kahA hai- (1/32/36) sAnukampamanugrAhye praannivRnd'bhyprdaa| trizuddhanugatA seyaM dayAdattirmatA budhaiH / / 2. pAtradatti- mahAna tapasvI sAdhujanoM ke pratigraha (paDigAhana) Adi navadhA bhaktipUrvaka AhAra, auSadha Adi kA denA pAtradatti kahA jAtA hai| (1/32/37) mahAtapodhanAyArcA-pratigrahapuraH srm| pradAnamazanAdInAM pAtradAnaM tdissyte|| 3. sama-samAnadatti- kriyA, mantra aura vrata Adi se jo apane

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anekAnta 59/1-2 samAna haiM, aise anya sAdharmI bandhu ke lie aura saMsAra tAraka uttamagRhastha ke lie, suvarNa Adi denA samadatti hai tathA madhyamapAtra ko samAna sammAna kI bhAvanA se jo zraddhApUrvaka dAna diyA jAtA hai, vaha bhI samAnadatti haiM (1/32/38-39) ___4. anvayadatti (sakaladatti)- apane vaMza ko sthira rakhane ke lie putra ko kuladharma aura dhana ke sAtha jo kuTumba rakSA kA bhAra pUrNa rUpa se samarpaNa kiyA jAtA hai use sakaladatti kahate haiM- (1/32/40) AtmAnvayapratiSThArtha sUnave ydshesstH| samaM samayavittAbhyAM svavargasyAtisarjanam / / saiSA sakaladattiH.. AcArya amitagati kahate haiM ki jise phala kI icchA hai use dAna dete samaya sadA hI pAtra, kupAtra aura apAtra ko jAnakara hI dAna denA caahie| uttama, madhyama aura jaghanya ke bheda se pAtra tIna prakAra ke hote haiM 'pAtrakupAtrANyavabudhya phalArthinA sadAdeyam / ' (1/253/1) 'pAtraM ttvpttissttheruttmmdhymjghnybheden|' (1/353/2) unameM tapasvI sAdhu uttamapAtra haiM, viratAvirata zrAvaka madhyama pAtra haiM aura samyagdarzana se bhUSita vrata rahita jIva jaghanya pAtra haiM tatrottamaM tapasvI viratAviratazca madhyamaM jJeyam / samyagdarzanabhUSaH prANI pAtraM jaghanyaM syAt / / (1/353/4) isake bAda AcArya amitagati ne uttama pAtroM ke svarUpa kA bhI varNana kiyA hai- (1/353-356/5-35) / apAtra kA svarUpa batAte huye kahate haiM ki jo nirdaya aneka avaidha mArga se dhana haraNa karatA ho, kAmabANa se pIr3ita hokara strI sevana karatA ho, aneka doSoM kA vidhAyaka parigraha rakhatA ho, jo madya ko pItA ho, aniyantrita citta ho, jo mAMsa aura udumbara phala khAtA ho, pApa karma vizArada ho, kuTumba aura

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anekAnta 59/1-2 parigraha ke dRr3ha piMjare meM banda ho, jo prazamabhAva, zIlavrata aura guNavrata se rahita ho, jo kaSAyarUpa bhujaMgoM se sevita ho aura indriyoM ke viSayoM kA lolupI ho, aise puruSa ko apAtra kahate haiM (1/357/36-38) / isake vAda ekAdaza pariccheda meM abhaya dAna, AhAra dAna, auSadhi dAna, zAstra dAna, vasatikA dAna, aura vastra dAna ina chaha prakAra ke dAnoM, unakI vidhiyoM tathA phaloM kA vistAra se varNana hai (1/362-67/1/1-70) / sAgAra dharmAmRta meM paM. AzAdhara jI kahate haiM ki 'gRhastha' ke dvArA pAtra, Agama, vidhi, dravya, deza ora kAla kA ullaGghana nahIM karake apanI zakti ke anusAra dAna diyA jAnA cAhiye aura tapa bhI kiyA jAnA cAhie pAtrAgamavidhidravyadezakAlAnatikramAt / dAnaM deyaM gRhasthena tapazcaryaM ca shktitH|| (2/14/48) cAro prakAra ke dAna ke alAvA paNDita jI ne kanyAdAna ko bhI mahattvapUrNa mAnA hai aura kahA hai ki gRhastha ke dvArA garbhAdhAna Adika kriyAo kI tathA aneka maMtroM kI, vrataniyamAdikoM kI rakSA kI AkAMkSA se sahadharmiyoM ke lie yathAyogya kanyAdi ko diyA jAnA cAhie nistArakottamAyAtha madhyamAya sdhrmnne| kanyAbhUhemahastyazvaratharalAdi nirvapet / / (2/15/56) dAtA kA lakSaNa batAte huye kahate haiM bhktishrddhaasttvtussttijnyaanlaulykssmaagunnH| navakoTIvizuddhasya dAtA dAnasya yaH ptiH|| (2/59/47) arthAt 'nava koTi vizuddha dAna kA jo pati hai vaha dAtA hai| bhakti, zraddhA, sattva, tuSTi, jJAna, alaulya aura kSamA ye sAta dAtA ke guNa haiN|' sAgAra dharmAmRta meM aneka prakAroM se dAna, dAtA, deya ina sabhI kI vistAra se vyAkhyA kI hai| dharmasaMgraha zrAvakAcAra meM bhI sAgAradharmAmRta ke samAna kanyAdAna ko

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anekAnta 59/1-2 mahattvapUrNa mAnA hai aura kahA hai ki jisa dAtA ne apanI kulavatI kanyA kA dAna diyA hai samajho ki usane kanyAdAna lene vAle ko dharma, artha kAma ke sAtha-sAtha gRhasthAzrama hI diyA hai kyoMki gRhiNI (patnI) ko hI to ghara kahate haiM dAtrA yena satI kanyA dattA tena gRhaashrmH| dattastasmai trivargeNa gRhiNyeva gRhaM ytH|| (2/170/207) isake alAvA cAroM prakAra ke dAno kA vistRta varNana hai| isI prakAra praznottara zrAvakAcAra meM dAna, dAtA ke sAta guNa tathA pAtra dAna evaM kupAtra dAna ke phala kA varNana vistAra se kiyA gayA hai| anya mahattvapUrNa vimarza ke alAvA praznottarazrAvakAcAra meM dhana ke dAna dene kA kar3A niSedha kiyA hai| Aja sarvatra paise ke dAna ko hI dAna samajhA jAtA hai| jabaki cAroM dAnoM meM paise ko ginAyA hI nahIM hai| zAyada isalie kahA hai ki 'manuSyoM ko puNya upArjana karane ke lie dhana kA dAna to kabhI denA hI nahIM cAhie, kyoMki dhana kA dAna denA mahAmoha ko utpanna karane vAlA hai aura jJAna-cAritra Adi guNoM kA ghAta karane vAlA hai| jo manuSya hiMsA moha Adi ko bar3hAne vAle dhana kA dAna karatA hai vaha bhArI pApoM ko ikaTThA karatA hai dravyadAnaM na dAtavyaM supuNyAya naraiH kvacit / mahAmohakaraM jJAnavRttAdiguNaghAtakam / / dravyadAnaM pradatte yo hiMsAmohAdivarddhanam / pApArambhasya mUlaM saH zrayeduritamulvaNam / / (2/375/154-155) guNabhUSaNazrAvakAcAra (2/451/39-49), dharmopadezapIyUSavarSa zrAvakAcAra (2/487-492/147-200), umAsvAmi zrAvakAcAra (3/171/ 224-241) meM dAtA kA svarUpa, deyavastu kA varNana, cAroM dAnoM kA phala, pAtra-apAtra ke cintavana ityAdi para vistAra se prakAza DAlA gayA hai|

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anekAnta 59/1-2 zrAvakAcAra sAroddhAra meM dAna dene vAle dAtA ke uttama-madhyama aura jaghanya ye tIna bheda batalAte huye kahA hai ki jo gRhastha apanI Aya ke cAra bhAga karake do bhAga to kuTumba ke bharaNa-poSaNa meM, tIsarA bhAga bhaviSya ke lie saMcaya, tathA cauthA bhAga dharma ke lie tyAgatA hai, vaha uttama (zreSTha) dAtA hai| jo apanI Aya kA chaha bhAga karake do bhAga to kuTumba ke lie, tIna bhAga koza ke lie, chaThA bhAga dAna detA hai vaha madhyama dAtA hai| jo apanI Aya kA daza bhAga karake chaha bhAga parivAra meM, tIna bhAga sacaya meM, dazavAM bhAga dharma kArya meM lagAtA hai vaha jaghanya dAtA hai|(3/363/326-327) padmandipaJcaviMzatikA (3/430)meM, dezavratodyotana (3/435-37) meM, prAkRta bhAvasaMgraha (3/453-459) meM, saMskRta bhAvasaMgraha (3/475-76) meM rayaNasAra (3/479-80) meM dAna viSayaka lagabhaga vahI varNana haiM jo hama pahale kaha Aye haiN| kundakundazrAvakAcAra meM dAna ke viSaya meM eka mahattvapUrNa bAta nyAyapUrvaka upArjana kI milii| ve kahate haiM-'buddhimAna manuSya ko nyAya-parAyaNa hokara dhana ke upArjana meM prayatna karanA caahie| nyAyapUrvaka upArjana kiyA huA dhana hI apAya (vinAza) rahita hotA hai, kyoMki vaha navIna arthopArjana kA sundara upAya hai| nyAya se saMcita kiyA dhana yadi alpa parimANa meM bhI dAna kiyA jAya, to bhI vaha kalyANa ke lie hotA hai, kintu anyAya se prApta dhana yadi vipula parimANa se bhI dAna kiyA jAya to bhI phala se rahita hotA hai'-(4/25-26/41-42) sudhIrarthArjane yalaM kuryaannyaaypraaynnH| nyAya evAnapAyo yaH sUpAyaH sampadAM ytH|| dattaH svalpo'pi bhadrAya syAdartho nyaaysnycitH| anyAyAptaH punardattaH puSkalo'pi phlojjhitH||

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anekAnta 59/1-2 padmakRtazrAvakAcAra (5/66-70) meM lagabhaga assI padyoM meM dAna kA varNana hai| kizanasiMha kriyAkoSa (5/143-150) meM 39 padyoM meM dAna kA vistAra se varNana hai| daulatarAma kriyAkoSa meM dAna itanA anivArya kahA hai ki yadi koI yaha kahe ki maiM nirdhana hU~ dAna nahIM kara sakatA to bhI use thor3A bahuta dAna pratidina karanA cAhie- (5/380/58,60,61) kou kubuddhI kUra, citavai cita meM iha bhyaa| lahihauM dhanaatipUra, taba karihU~ dAnahi vidhii|| yo na vicArai mUDha, zakti pramANoM tyAga hai| hoya dharma Arur3ha, kare dAna jinavaina suni|| kucha hu nAhiM jurai ju, tauhU roTI eka hii| jJAnI dAna karai ju, dAna binA ghRga janama hai|| isa prakAra jainAcAryoM ne zrAvakoM ke lie Avazyaka meM 'dAna' ko isalie rakhA kyoMki dharma, tIrtha rakSA zrAvakoM para hI Azrita hai tathA isase mahAn puNya kA baMdha hotA hai| niSkarSa zrAvakAcAra saMgraha meM zrAvakoM ke SaDAvazyakoM para yatkiJcit adhyayana ke uparAnta kucha niSkarSa sAmane Aye haiN| ye niSkarSa sthUla haiM adhika gaharAyI se adhyayana kiyA jAya to aura adhika bindu bhI prApta ho sakate haiM kintu sarasarI nigAha se zrAvakAcAra saMgraha ke pAMcoM bhAgoM kA adhyayana karane para hama nimna niSkarSoM para pahuMca rahe haiM__1. zrAvakoM ke SaDAvazyakoM kI vidhivat carcA AcArya jinasena karate haiN| jahA~ sambhavataH unheM sarva-prathama lagA ki jisa prakAra muniyoM ke SaDAvazyaka hote haiM usI prakAra zrAvakoM ke bhI hone caahie| unhoMne pUjA karanA, kRSi Adi AjIvikA hetu karanA, dAna, svAdhyAya, saMyama aura tapa-ye chaha Avazyaka btaae|

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 2. bAda meM AcArya amRtacandra (vi. 10vIM) ne ye SaDAvazyaka na mAnakara muniyoM ke SaDAvazyakoM ko hI zrAvakoM ke lie zakti anusAra karaNIya maanaa| unheM ye naye SaDAvazyaka svIkRta nahIM / 59 3. vikrama kI 10 zatI meM cAmuNDarAya ne jinasena kA anukaraNa kiyA aura SaDAvazyakoM ke dhAraka gRhastha ko jAtikSatriya aura tIrthakSatriya ye do bheda karake batAyA / 4. vi. kI 11 vIM zatI meM somadavesUri ne SaDAvazyaka kA svarUpa jinasena kI tarja para hI nirdhArita kiyA, kintu 'vArtA' nAmaka Avazyaka ko unhoMne nahIM liyA, balki usake sthAna para 'guru upAsanA' ko mahattvapUrNa zAyada isalie nahIM mAnA kyoMki ajIvikA hetu kArya jIva karatA hI hai, use yadi isakA upadeza na diyA jAya taba bhI karegA / somadeva sUri ne jo Avazyaka nirdhArita kara diye usakA anukaraNa Aja taka prasiddha hai| 5. AcArya amitagati (vi. 11 zatI) ne binA jJAna ke SaDAvazyakoM ko vyartha mAnA aura pahalI bAra par3Avazyaka pAlane vAle zrAvaka kA lakSaNa nirdhArita kiyA / kintu ye amRtacandrAcArya kI paramparA se hI sahamata dikhe tathA jinasena aura somadeva ke gRhasthoM ke SaDAvazyaka sambandhI bhedoM ko nahIM maanaa| 'muniyoM ke SaDAvazyaka hI gRhasthoM ke lie yathAzakti karaNIya haiM' - AcArya amitagati ne ise hI mAnA / 6. paNDita AzAdhara (vi. 11 zatI) ne jinasena, somadeva kI paramparA ko punaH sthApita kiyA, kintu pAMca hI karttavya mAne aura vArttA tathA guruupAsanA ina donoM ko hI nahIM liyA / 7. AcArya sakalakIrti (vi. 15 zatI) aura padamakRtazrAvakAcAra ne punaH muniyoM vAle SaDAvazyaka hI svIkRta kiye / 8. abhradeva (vi. 16 zatI) ne pUjApATha aura dAna ina do ko hI jyAdA samajhA hai /

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anekAnta 59/1-2 ____9. kundakundazrAvakAcAra meM vrata, dasa dharma, SaDAvazyaka inameM se chAMTakara dasa Avazyaka svIkAra kara liye gaye haiN| vicAra bindu isa prakAra hama pAte haiM ki vartamAna meM hama jinheM zrAvakoM kA SaDAvazyaka svIkAra kara rahe haiM usake nirmita hone meM vicAroM kA eka itihAsa hai| usameM pratyeka yuga apane cintana kA sArthaka hastakSepa karatA rahA hai| vartamAna Adhunika yuga ke uttarArddha meM evaM uttara Adhunika yuga kI bhUmikA meM ye paramparA prApta SaDAvazyaka hamAre jIvana se kapUra kI taraha ur3ate jA rahe haiN| yadi zeSa haiM to sirpha unakI bAteM aura banAvaTI yA rur3higrasta aacrnn| yaha isalie bhI hai ki abhI taka vaidhAnika rUpa se hamane isameM yugAnukUla sArthaka Avazyaka pariSkAra nahIM kiyA hai| inhIM AvazyakoM meM yadi hama vidhivat kucha jor3ane aura ghaTAne kA sAmarthya nahIM rakhate haiM to nagarIkaraNa, mahAnagarIkaraNa aura bhUmaNDalIkaraNa ke isa uttara Adhunika yuga kI ora bar3hate yuga meM zrAvaka svayaM hI paristhiti janya nayA zrAvakAcAra banA le rahA hai| udAharaNa svarUpa hama vicAra kareM ki 'tapa' nAmaka Avazyaka meM 'bAhyatapa' kyA nayA zrAvaka pratidina pAla sakatA hai? hameM zrAvaka ke dainika kartavyoM meM una nyUnatama mApadaNDoM para vicAra karanA cAhie jo nAmadhArI janmanA jaina, sAmAnya zrAvaka bhI pAla skeN| merI dRSTi meM purAne tathA naye sabhI SaDAvazyakoM ko dhyAna meM rakhate huye nimna SaDAvazyaka Aja ke yuga meM Avazyaka haiM (1) sAmAyika (2) pUjA (3) svAdhyAya (4) saMyama (5) dAna (6) zAkAhAra yahA~ sAmAyika ke antargata zrAvakoM ke lie stavana, vandanA, pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna aura kAyotsarga ko garbhita kara sakate haiN| pUjA

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anekAnta 59/1-2 meM deva-guru-zAstra ina tInoM kI upAsanA samAhita kI jA sakatI hai| svAdhyAya, saMyama aura dAna kA apanA svatantra mahattva hai hii| zAkAhAra ko Avazyaka meM svatantra rUpa se rakhanA isalie jarUrI samajhA hai ki vartamAnayuga aura bhaviSya ke sabhI yugoM meM zrAvakoM ko sabase bar3I musIbata banane vAlA hai-pratyakSa aura parokSa maaNsaahaar| ataH zrAvaka zAkAhArI banA rahe yaha bahuta Avazyaka hai| adhyakSa jaina darzana vibhAga zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rA. saM. vidyApITha naI dillI-16

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zrI somadevasUri dvArA pratipAdita ahiMsA -DaoN. jaya kumAra jaina vizva ke sabhI dharmoM meM ahiMsA kI mahattA ko svIkAra tathA hiMsA kA virodha hai| kintu jaina dharma meM ahiMsA kA kSetra atyanta vistRta hai| ahiMsA bAhya aura antaraMga donoM se sambandha rakhatI hai| bAhya meM mana vacana, kAya se kisI bhI jIva ko kisI bhI prakAra kI pIr3A na pahu~cAnA ahisA hai to aMtaraMga meM rAga-dveSa rUpa pariNAmoM se nivRtta hokara samatA meM sthita honA ahiMsA hai| AcArya umAsvAmI ne 'pramattayogAta prANavyaparopaNaM hiMsA' kahakara yaha spaSTa kara diyA hai ki jo svapara ke prANoM kA vinAza pramattayoga arthAt rAga-dveSa rUpa pravRtti ke kAraNa hotA hai, vaha hiMsA hai| Agama meM varNita dravya aura bhAva prANoM meM se pramatta yoga hone para dravya prANoM kA vinAza ho yA na ho, bhAva prANoM kA vinAza to hotA hI hai| yaha alaga bAta hai ki pramattayoga na hone para bhI sAdhu ke IryAsamiti pUrvaka gamana Adi meM bhI dravya prANoM kA vinAza hone para bhI to hiMsA niyama se hogI hii| isI kAraNa zrI amRtacandrAcArya ne rAgadveSa kI anutpatti ko ahiMsA aura unakI hI utpatti ko hiMsA kahA hai 'aprAdurbhAvaH khalu rAgAdInAM bhvtyhiNseti| teSAmevotpattiH hiMseti jinAgamasya saMkSepaH / / 2 'ahiMsAlakSaNo dharmaH kathana meM satya, acaurya, brahmacarya evaM aparigraha kA bhI samAveza ahiMsA meM kiyA gayA hai| yatnAcAra pUrvaka pravRtti rakhane para bhI sarvatra jIvoM kA sadbhAva hone se hiMsA to hotI hI hai kintu pramAda na hone se sAdhaka ahiMsaka hI kahalAtA hai| zrIsomadevasUrikRta yazastilakacampU kA uddezya hI ahiMsA kI pratiSThApanA rahA hai| isake ATha AzvAsoM meM se antima tIna AzvAsoM meM zrAvaka dharma kA vivecana hai| isakA nAmakaraNa granthakAra ne

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 'upAsakAdhyayana' kiyA hai| upAsakAdhyayana kA madhyama AzvAsa pramukhatayA ahiMsA ke vivecanaparaka hai / yazastilakacampU ke kathAnaka se phalita nikalatA hai ki jaba rAjA yazodhara evaM unakI mAtA candramatI ko ATe ke murgA kI bali dene ke kAraNa chaha janmoM taka pazuyoni meM bhramaNa karanA par3A to sAkSAt hiMsA karane vAlo kI kyA sthiti hogI ? yaha cintanIya hai 1 63 1 upAsakAdhyayana meM pratipAdita ahiMsA kI upayogitA - mAnava kI padalolupatA evaM parigrahalipsA ke kAraNa Aja hiMsA kA sarvatra bolavAlA hai / zAnti ke lie AviSkRta vaijJAnika saMsAdhanoM kA prayoga Aja krUratama hiMsA ke sAdhana ke rUpa meM hone lagA hai / zAnti ke nAma para narasaMhAra ke jaisI jaghanyatama pravRttiyA~ panapa rahI haiM / vaicArika pradUSaNa ke kAraNa mAnava svayaM apapane astitva ke lie khatarA bana gayA hai| loga svArthasiddhi ke lie hiMsA ke pakSa meM aneka thothe tarka prastuta karane lage haiN| zrIsomadevasUri ne upAsakAdhyayana meM aise kutarkoM kA yuktiyukta samAdhAna prastuta kiyA hai| unake pratipAdana meM ahiMsA kA eka sakArAtmaka evaM vyavahArya jIvanadarzana hai, ataH usakI upayogitA Aja ke pariprekSya meM adhika prAsaMgika hai / udyogI, virodhI, AraMbhI aura saMkalpI caturvidha hiMsA meM se yadi mAtra saMkalpI hiMsA kA bhI hama tyAga kara deM to jagat meM hA-hAkAra kI sthiti samApta ho sakatI hai / zrI samantabhadrAcArya ne mana, vacana, kAya ke saMkalpa se aura kRta, kArita, anumodanA se trasa jIvoM ke ghAta na karane vAle ko sthUla hisA se virata arthAt ahiMsANuvratI kahA hai 1 'saMkalpAt kRtakAritamananAdyogatrayasya carasattvAn / na hinasti yattAdAhuH sthUlavadhAviramaNaM nipuNaH / / '4 hiMsA aura ahiMsA kA svarUpa- zrI somadevasUri ne ahiMsA dharma kA vivacena karate hue tattvArthasUtrakAra kA anusaraNa kiyA hai| ve likhate haiM'yasmAtpramAdayogene prANiSu prANahApanam / sA hiMsA rakSaNaM teSAmahiMsA tu satAM matA / /

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anekAnta 59/1-2 vikathAkSakaSAyANAM nidrAyAH praNayasya c| abhyAsAbhirato jantuH pramattaH prikiirtitH||" arthAt pramAda ke yoga se prANiyoM ke prANoM kA ghAta karanA hiMsA aura unakI rakSA karanA ahiMsA hai| jo jIva cAra vikathA, pA~ca indriyoM, cAra kaSAya, nidrA aura moha ke vazIbhUta hai, vaha pramatta kahalAtA hai| mAMsaniSedha, jIvana nirvAha ke lie mAMsa anivArya nahIMupAsakAdhyayana meM kahA gayA hai ki mAMsa svabhAva se hI apavitra hai, durgandha se bharA hai, dUsaroM se prANa lene para hI taiyAra hotA hai, duHsthAna se prApta hotA hai tathA vipAka meM durgati ko dene vAlA hai| aise mAMsa ko sajjana kaise khA sakate haiM? jisa pazu ko mAMsa ke lie hama mArate haiM? vaha janmAttara meM hameM na mAre yA mAMsa ke binA jIvana hI na calatA ho to prANI akaraNIya pazuhatyA bhale hI kara le, kintu aisI bAta nahIM hai|' arthAta jisa pazu kI hama hatyA karate haiM, janmAntara meM vaha hamArI vaha hatyA karatA hai tathA mAMsa ke binA bhI manuSyoM kA jIvana calatA hI hai| hiMsaka bhI sukhI dekhA jA sakatA hai, kintu pariNAma duHkhada hIkucha logoM kA kahanA ho sakatA hai ki hama kucha aise logoM ko sukha bhogate hue dekhate haiM, jo dUsaroM kA ghAta karate haiN| isakA samAdhAna karate hue zrI somadeva sUri kA kahanA hai ki jo prANI dUsaroM ke ghAta ke dvArA sukha bhogane meM tatpara rahatA hai, vaha vartamAna meM sukha bhogatA dikhAI dene para bhI anya janma meM duHkha bhogatA hai, kintu jo tAtkAlika sukhoM meM anAsakta hokara dharma karatA hai, vaha paraloka meM duHkha nahIM uThAtA hai| isa samaya kA sukha pUrva dharma kA phala hai| jo dharma kA phala bhogatA huA bhI dharmAcaraNa karane meM Alasya karatA hai, vaha mUrkha hai, jaDa hai, ajJAnI hai aura pazu se bhI gayA-gujarA hai| jo apanA hita cAhate haiM aura ahita se bacate haiM, ve dUsaroM ke mAMsa se apane mAMsa kI vRddhi kaise kara sakate haiM? jaise dUsaroM ko diyA huA dhana kAlAntara meM byAja sahita adhika milatA hai, vaise hI manuSya dUsaroM ko jo sukha-duHkha detA hai, vaha kAlAntara meM adhika hokara milatA hai|'

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anekAnta 59/1-2 hiMsA kyoM akaraNIya hai?-bauddha dharma ke suprasiddha dharma grantha dhammapada meM kahA gayA hai 'sabe tasaMti daNDassa sabbe bhAyaMti mccuno| attAnaM upamaM katvA na haneyya na ghaatye|| sabbe tasaMti daNDassa sabbesaM jIvitaM piyaM / attAnaM upamaM katvA na haneyya na ghAtaye / / 8 daNDa se sabhI Darate haiM, mRtyu se sabhI bhaya khAte haiN| ataH apane samAna jAnakara na kisI ko mAre aura na mArane kI preraNA kre| sabhI daNDa se Darate haiM, apanA jIvana sabako priya hai| ataH isaroM ko apane samAna jAnakara na kisI ko mAre aura na mArane kI preraNA kre| __ zrI sAmadevasUri hiMsA kI tyAjyatA tathA 'Atmavat parabhUtAni' darzana kA upadeza dete hue likhate haiM 'alpAtklezAtsukhaM suSThu, sudhIzcetsvasya vaanychti| AtmanaH pratikUlAni, pareSAM na samAcaret / / svakIyaM jIvitaM yadvat sarvasya prANinaH priym| tadvadetatparasyApi tato hiMsAM parityajet / / '' arthAt jo buddhimAn purupa thor3e se kaSTa se acchA sukha prApta karanA cAhatA hai to jo kAma use svayaM bure lageM, una kAmoM ko dUsaroM ke prati bhI use nahIM karanA caahie| jisa prakAra sabhI prANiyoM ko apanA jIvana priya hai, usI taraha dUsaroM ko bhI apanA jIvana priya hai, isalie hiMsA ko chor3a denA caahie| mAMsabhakSaNa ke pakSa meM kutarka aura unake sayuktika samAdhAna 1. kucha logoM kA kahanA hai ki mUga-udar3a Adi meM aura UMTa-mer3hA Adi me koI antara nahI hai; kyoki jaise UMTa-meDhA Adi me jIva rahatA hai, vaise hI mUMga-ur3ada Adi meM bhI jIva rahatA hai| ata: jIva kA zarIra hone se mUMga- uDada vagairaha bhI mAMsa hI haiN|

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anekAnta 59/1-2 isakA samAdhAna karate hue zrI somadevasUri kA kahanA hai ki aisA kahanA ThIka nahIM hai| mAMsa jIva kA zarIra hai yaha ThIka hai, kintu jo jIva kA zarIra hai vaha mAMsa hotA bhI hai aura nahIM bhI hotA hai| jaise nIma vRkSa hotA hai para vRkSa nIma hotA bhI hai aura nahIM bhI hotA hai| brAhmaNa aura pakSI donoM meM jIva hai, phira hI pakSI ko mArane kI apekSA brAhmaNa ko mArane meM adhika pApa hai| vaise hI phala bhI jIva kA zarIra hai aura mAMsa bhI jIva kA zarIra hai, kintu phala khAne kI apekSA mAMsa khAne vAle ko adhika pApa hotA hai| jisakA yaha kahanA hai ki phala aura mAMsa donoM hI jIva kA zarIra hone se barAbara haiM, usake lie patnI aura mAtA dono hI strI hone se samAna haiM aura zarAba tathA pAnI donoM peya hone se samAna haiN| ataH vaha jisa prakAra pAnI aura patnI kA upabhoga karatA hai, vaise hI zarAva evaM mAtA kA upabhoga kyoM nahIM karatA hai? isase spaSTa hai ki mUMga-ur3ada evaM U~Ta-mer3hA ko samAna nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai tathA mUMga-ur3ada ke samAna U~Ta-mer3hA Adi bhakSya nahIM hai| __2. kucha logoM kA yaha kutarka ho sakatA hai ki godugdha evaM dhRta pazujanya haiM tathA gomAMsa bhI pazujanya haiN| ataH dugdha, dhRta evaM mAMsa samAna hai| isa tarka kA uttara dete hue upAsakAdhyayanakAra kA kahanA hai ki eka srota hone para bhI ghI, dUdha evaM mAMsa ko eka samAna nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| gAya kA kA dUdha zuddha hai para gomAMsa zuddha nahIM hai| vastu kA vaicitrya hI aisA hai| sA~pa kI maNi se viSa dUra hotA hai, jabaki sA~pa kA viSa mRtyu kA kAraNa hai| mAMsa aura ghI-dUdha kA eka srota hone para bhI mAMsa tyAjya aura dugdha peya hai| kAraskara nAmaka viSavRkSa kA pattA Ayuvardhaka hotA hai aura usakI jar3a mRtyu kA kAraNa hotI hai| isI prakAra mAMsa bhI zarIra kA hissA hai aura ghRta bhI zarIra kA hissA hai, phira bhI mAMsa meM doSa hai ghI meM nhiiN| jaise brAhmaNa ke jIbha se zarAba kA sparza hone para doSa hotA hai, paira se sparza hone para nhiiN|| ataH spaSTa hai ki ghI-dUdha ko tathA mAMsa ko samAna nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai|

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anekAnta 59/1-2 3. katipaya loga dharmabuddhi se mAMsa-bhakSaNa meM dopa nahIM mAnate haiN| unakA yaha bhI kahanA hai ki devatA, atithi, pitara, mantrasiddhi, auSadhi Adi meM mAMsa bhakSaNa vihita hai| zrI somadevasUri kA kahanA hai ki dharmabuddhi se mAMsabhakSaNa karanA duhare pApa kA kAraNa hai| jo parastrIgAmI purupa apanI mAtA ke sAtha saMbhoga karatA hai, vaha do pApa karatA hai| eka to parastrI gamana karatA hai aura dUsare pUjyA mAtA ke sAtha saMbhoga karane kA pApa karatA hai| vaise hI jo manuSya dharmabuddhi se lAlasA pUrvaka mAMsabhakSaNa karatA hai vaha eka to mAMsabhakSaNa kA pApa karatA hai aura dUsare dharma kA DhoMga karane kA pApa karatA hai| ataH kabhI bhI devatA, atithi, pitaroM ke lie, mantrasiddhi ke lie, aupadhi ke lie athavA bhaya se hiMsA nahIM karanA caahie| mAMsa bhakSaNa yadi dharma hai to adharma kyA hai? mAMsatyAga kA phala- zrI somadevasUri kA kahanA hai ki mAMsa tyAga kA mahAn phala hotA hai| eka cANDAla kA dRSTAnta prastuta karate hue unhoMne likhA hai 'caNDo'vantiSu mAtaGgaH pizitasya nivRttitH| . atyalpakAla bhAvinyAH prapede yakSamukhyatAm / / 13 arthAt avanti deza meM caNDa nAmaka cANDAla ne thor3I dera ke lie bhI mAMsa kA tyAga kara diyA thaa| jisake phala se vaha marakara yakSoM kA adhipati bnaa| saMkalpabheda se hiMsA meM bheda- bAhya prANI-ghAta ke sAmya ke AdhAra para phala kA sAmya honA nahIM hai| kyoMki manuSya ke pariNAma hI puNya-pApa ke kAraNa hote haiN| mana ke nimitta se hI zarIra aura vacana kI kriyA bhI zubha aura azubha hotI hai| udAharaNArtha-acche irAde se bacce ko pITanA bhI acchA hai aura bure irAde se bacce ko miThAI khilAnA bhI burA hai| jagat meM aisI koI bhI kriyA nahIM hai, jisameM hiMsA na hotI ho, kintu hiMsA aura ahiMsA ke lie gauNa aura mukhya bhAvoM kI

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anekAnta 59/1-2 vizeSatA hai| sakalpa ke bheda se dhIvara nahI mArate hue bhI pApI hai aura kisAna mArate bhI pApI nahIM hai| anyantra eka udAharaNa dete hue zrI somadevasUri kA kathana hai _ 'kSudramatsyaH kilaikastu svyNbhuurmnnoddhau| mahAmatsyasya karNasyaH smRtidoSAdadhogataH / / 15 svayaMbhUramaNa samudra meM mahAmatsya ke kAna meM rahane vAlA eka zudra matsya (tadulamatsya sakalpa dopa (bure saMkalpa) ke kAraNa naraka gati ko prApta huaa| yadyapi usane kisI kA ghAta nahIM kiyA thA, kintu vaha hamezA sakalpI hisA ko hI karatA rahatA thaa| AcArya amRtacandra kA kathana isa sandarbha me dhyAtavya hai ki koI jIva hiMsA ko nahIM karake bhI hisA ke phala kA bhAgI hotA hai aura dUsarA hiMsA karake bhI hisA ke phala kA bhAgI nahI hotA hai| yaha sava pariNAmoM kI hI mahimA hai|'' jIvadayA kI zreSThatA AcArya kArtikeya ne 'jIvANaM rakkhaNaM dhammo'17 kahakara dharma kI anya paribhASAoM ke sAtha jIvadayA ko bhI dharma kahA hai| zrI somadevasUri jIvadayA kI zreSThatA kA kathana karate hue likhate hai 'ekA jIvadayaikatra paratra sakalAH kriyaaH| paraM phalaM tu pUrvatra kRsseshcintaamnniriv|| AyuSmAnsubhagaH zrImAnsurUpaH kiirtimaannrH| ahisAvratamahAtmyAkasmAdeva jAyate / / paJcakRtva. kilaikasya mtsysyaahiNsnaatpuraa| abhUtpaJcApado'tItya dhanakIrtiH patiH shriyH||18 arthAt akelI jIvadayA eka ora hai aura bAkI kI saba kriyAyeM dUsarI ora hai / anya sava kriyAoM kA phala khetI kI taraha hai, jabaki jIvadayA kA phala cintAmaNi kI taraha hai| akele eka ahisA vrata kI mahattA se hI manuSya AyupmAna, saubhAgyazAlI. aizvaryavAna, sundara aura yazasvI hotA hai pUjama me pAMca bAra eka machalI ko na mArane se dhanakIrti pAMca bAra ApaniyoM se bacakara lakSmI kA svAmI bnaa| unhoMne

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anekAnta 59/1-2 dayA ko aisA sUrya kahA hai jisake rahane para pApa rUpI aMdhakAra Thahara nahIM sakatA hai| ahiMsA kahA~ nahIM rahatI- mAnava sRSTi kA sabase vivekazIla prANI hai| isa kAraNa vaha sukha kI AkAMkSA ke sAtha-sAtha prayAsa bhI karatA hai| yaha prayAsa java bahu AraMbha evaM parigraha meM paryavasita ho jAtA hai to hiMsA kA janma hotA hai| vahA~ se ahiMsA palAyana kara jAtI hai| hiMsA kA pramukha kAraNa hai-prigrh| isase Arthika viSamatA utpanna hotI hai aura usase hiMsA janma letI hai| zrI somadevasari kI to spaSTa ghoSaNA hai ki vahA~ ahisA kaise raha sakatI hai, jahA~ bahuta AraMbha aura bahuta parigraha rahatA hai 'tatrAhiMsA kuto yatra vhvaarNbhprigrhH|19 ahiMsA vrata kI rakSA ke lie karaNIya-akaraNIya 1. madya, mAMsa, madhu kA tyAga-madya mahAmoha ko karane vAlA hai, sava burAIyoM kA mUla hai aura saba pApo meM agraNI hai| isako pIne se manuSya ko hita-ahita kA viveka nahIM rahatA hai| madya kI eka bUMda meM itane jIva rahate haiM ki yadi ve phaila jAye to samasta jagat me bhara jaayeN| ataH madyapAna se prANI hiMsaka bana jAtA hai| mAsa kI prApti hI hiMsA-janya hai| madhu madhumakkhiyo ke aNDA ko nicor3ane se paidA hotA hai| yaha rajo-vIrya ke mizraNa ke samAna hai| madhu kA chattA udbhAnta zizu ke garbha kI taraha hai| vaha aNDe meM utpanna jantuoM ke samUha rUpa hai| ataH madhu ke bhakSaNa meM hiMsA hai|20 ataH ahiMsA ke ArAdhaka ko madya, mAMsa evaM madhu kA tyAga kara denA caahie| 2. paMca udumbara phaloM kA tyAga-baDa, pIpala, Umara, kaTamara Ara pAkara ina pA~ca phaloM meM sthUla jantu rahate haiM, jo sApha dikhAI dete hai| ina sthUla jantuoM ke nivAsa ke atirikta zAstroM meM pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai ki ina pA~ca phaloM meM sUkSma jantu bhI rahate haiN| ataH hiMsA ke kAraNa hone se ye phala tyAjya haiN|2| isI kAraNa ina phalo ko jantuphala bhI kahA jAtA hai|

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 3. rAtri bhojana tyAga - ahiMsA vrata kI rakSA ke lie aura mUla vratoM kI zuddhi ke lie zrIsomadevasUri ne rAtri meM bhojana ke tyAga ko Avazyaka mAnA hai| unakA kahatA hai ki ahiMsaka ko isa loka evaM paraloka meM duHkhadAyI rAtri bhojana kA tyAga kara denA cAhie | 22 70 4. anya tyAjya vastue~ - acAra, pAnaka, dhAnya, phUla, phala aura patte jo jIvoM kI yoni haiM; aisI vastue~ jinameM jIvoM kA nivAsa ho; kamalakakar3I; anantakAya latA, sUraNa Adi binA dale mUMga, ur3ada canA Adi, sAbuta phaliyA~ | 23 ye saba hiMsA ke doSa se dUSita haiM / 5. hiMsaka prANiyoM kA poSaNa evaM hiMsA ke upakaraNoM kA dAna nahIM denA - ahiMsA ke ArAdhaka ko mora, murgA, bAja, bilAva, sA~pa, nevalA Adi hiMsaka jantuoM ko nahIM pAlanA caahie| unheM viSa, kaoNTA, zastra, Aga, kor3A, jAla, rassA Adi hiMsA ke sAdhanoM kA dAna bhI nahIM karanA caahie| anya bhI jo vadha, bandhana evaM saMrodha ( pazuoM ko ghere rakhane ke sAdhana haiM, unako bhI nahIM denA caahie| inheM karane se niSprayojana pApa lagatA hai| ye saba anarthadaNDa kahe gaye haiM / ahiMsA ke pAlana meM bAdhaka hone ke kAraNa inheM tyAjya mAnA gayA hai / anya bhI aneka kArya jo ahiMsA kI sAdhanA meM bAdhaka haiM, unheM tyAjya samajhanA cAhie / ahiMsA - vratI kI bhAvanAyeM- ahiMsA vratI ko maitrI, pramoda, kAruNya aura mAdhyastha bhAvanA ko satata jAgarUka rakhanA cAhie / isa sandarbha meM zrI somadevasUri kA kahanA hai ki ahiMsA ke ArAdhaka ko sava jIvoM se maitrIbhAva rakhanA cAhie / duHkhI jIvoM ke prati karuNAbhAva rakhanA cAhie aura jo nirguNa, asabhya evaM uddaNDa hoM unake prati mAdhyastha bhAva rakhanA caahie| kisI bhI jIva ko duHkha na ho, mana-vacana-karma se aise vyavahAra ko maitrI kahate haiM / tapa Adi guNoM se viziSTa puruSa ko dekhakara vinayapUrNa sneha ke umar3ane kA nAma pramoda hai / dayAlu puruSoM dvArA garIboM ke uddhAra karane kI bhAvanA ko kAruNya kahate haiM / uddaNDa evaM asabhya puruSoM ke prati rAga-dveSa ke abhAva kA nAma mAdhyastha hai| jo gRhastha ina bhAvanAoM ko bhAtA hai, svarga to usake hAtha meM hai hI, mokSa bhI usase dUra nahIM hai / use zIghra hI mokSa kI prApti bhI ho jAtI hai 1 28 1

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 prAyazcitta-vidhAna - kabhI-kabhI gRhasthoM ke dvArA na cAhate hue bhI pramAdavaza jIvoM kI virAdhanA ho jAtI hai / tajjanya hiMsA ke doSa ke nivAraNArtha jaina zAstroM meM prAyazcitta kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| zrI somadevasUri kA kathana hai ki mada se athavA pramAda se do indriya Adi sajIvoM kA ghAta ho jAne para doSa ke anusAra Agama meM kathita vidhipUrvaka prAyazcitta karanA caahie| 27 71 uparyukta vivecana se spaSTa hai ki zrI somadevasUri ne upAsakAdhyayana meM ahiMsA kA jo vivecana kiyA hai, vaha eka sadgRhastha ke lie Avazyaka hai / unakA yaha vivecana gRhastha ke lie sahaja grAhya to hai hI, tArkika zailI apanAne ke kAraNa vaha unake thothe tarkoM kA bhI sayuktika samAdhAna karatA hai, jo kisI na kisI rUpa meM hiMsA kI vakAlata karate haiM / sandarbha sUcI : 1. tattvArthasUtra, 7/13, 2. puruSArthasiddhyupAya, 44, 3. paramAtmaprakAza, TIkA 2/68, 4. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, 53, 5. upAsakAdhyayana, 303-304, 6. vahI, 264-265, 7. vahI, 268-274, 8. dhammapada, daNDavagga, 1-2, 9. upAsakAdhyayana, 267, 277, 10. vahI, 285 288, 11. vahI, 289-291, 12. vahI, 294, 305 (draSTavya-puruSArthasiddhyupAya, 80-81), 13. vahI, 297, 14. vahI, 325-326, 15. vahI, 296, 16. 'avidhAyApi hi hiMsAM hiMsAphala bhAjanaM bhavatyekaH / kRtvApyaparo hiMsA hiMsAphalabhAjanaM na syAt / / ' - puruSArthasiddhyupAya, 51 17. kArtikeyAnuprekSA, 18. upAsakAdhyayana, 346-348, 19. vahI, 316 kA pUrvArddha, 20. vahI, 256-280, 21. vahI, 281, 22. vahI, 310, 23. vahI, 312-315, 24. vahI, 419-422, 25. vahI, 319-323, 26. vahI, 334 429, paTela nagara mujaphphara nagara (u.pra.)

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'kevalajJAna' eka vizleSaNa -paM. paMkaja jaina 'lalita' kevalajJAna usa agAdha evaM asIma jJAna siMdhu kA nAma hai jo ananta evaM sarvavyApI hai| kevalajJAna AtmA kA svabhAva hai| kevalajJAna sakala pratyakSa evaM trikAladarzI hai| AcArya umAsvAmI ne likhA hai "matizrutAvadhimanaHparyayakevalAni jJAnam" tattvArthasUtra 1/9 kevalajJAna ko sabase anta meM rakhane ke vizeSa uddezya ko prakaTa karate hue A. akalaMka deva ne tatvArtha rAjavArtika meM likhA hai"ante kevalagrahaNam tataH paraM jJAnaprakarSAbhAvAt" -tattvArtharAjavArtika 1/9/19 anta meM kevalajJAna ko grahaNa kiyA hai kyoMki isase utkRSTa jJAna kA abhAva hai| sarva jJAnoM ke paricchedana meM kevalajJAna hI samartha hai| kevalajJAna sabhI jJAnoM ko jAnatA hai parantu kevalajJAna ko jAnane kA sAmarthya kisI jJAna meM nahIM hai| isIlie kevalajJAna se utkRSTa koI jJAna nahIM hai| kevalajJAna kA lakSaNa : kevalajJAna ke vyutpatti artha evaM usake svarUpa para prakAza DAlate hue A. pUjyapAda ne likhA hai-"bAhye sevante tatkevalam" sarvA. si. 1/9/14 arthAt-arthIjana jisake lie bAhya aura abhyaMtara tapa ke dvArA mArga kA kevana arthAta sevana karate haiM, vaha kevalajJAna kahalAtA hai| isI prakaraNa meM A. pUjyapAda ne kevalajJAna kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai"asahAyamiti vA' arthAt-asahAya jJAna ko kevalajJAna kahate haiN| asahAya zabda ko A. pUjyapAda ne eka vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM prayoga

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anekAnta 59/1-2 kiyA hai| isa vizeSaNa ko ThIka prakAra se samajhane ke lie A. guNadhara kRta kaSAya pAhuDa kA yaha vyAkhyAna dRSTavya hai "kevalamasahAyaM indriyaalokmnskaarnirpeksstvaat| ...AtmArthavyatiriktasahAyanirapekSatvAdvA kevlmshaaym|" kaSAya pAhuDa 1/1, 1 prakaraNa saM.-15 asahAya jJAna ko kevalajJAna kahate haiM kyoMki vaha indriya, prakAza aura manaskAra arthAt manovyApAra kI apekSA se rahita hotA hai| isIlie kevalajJAna ko asahAya jJAna kahA jAtA hai| kevala asahAya ko kahate haiN| jo jJAna asahAya arthAt indriya aura Aloka kI apekSA rahita hai| trikAlagocara ananta paryAyoM se samavAya sambandha ko prApta ananta vastuoM ko jAnane vAlA hai| asaMkucita arthAt sarva vyApaka hai aura asapala arthAt pratipakSI rahita hai; use kevalajJAna kahate haiN| AcArya vIrasena svAmI ne dhavalA meM likhA hai "kevalamasahAyamidiyA loyaNikhekhaM tikAlagoyarANaMta pajjAya samavadANaM tavatthuparima saMkuDiyama savattaM kevalaNANaM" kevalajJAna utpatti kA kAraNa : kevalajJAna ko prApta karane ke lie AtmA ke anaMta jJAna guNa ko Dhakane vAle jJAnAvaraNa karma ko pUrNa rUpa se naSTa karanA Avazyaka hai| lekina kevalajJAna prApti hetu AtmA ko kucha anya karmoM evaM karma prakRtiyoM kA bhI kSaya karanA Avazyaka hai| kevalajJAna prApti ke kAraNoM para prakAza DAlate hue A. umAsvAmI ne likhA hai ki"mohakSayAjjJAnadarzanAvaraNAntarAyakSayAccakevalam"-ta. sU 10/5 mohanIya karma kA kSaya hone se tathA jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa aura antarAya karma kA kSaya hone se tathA 'ca' zabda se tIna Ayu aura teraha nAma karma kI prakRtiyoM kA kSaya hone se kevalajJAna kI prApti hotI hai|

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anekAnta 59/1-2 sUtra meM prayukta 'ca' zabda ke dvArA yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki ghAtiyA karmoM kI saiMtAlisa prakRtiyoM ke sAtha-sAtha Ayu karma kI tIna evaM nAma karma kI teraha prakRtiyoM kA kSaya bhI kevalajJAna prApta hone se pUrva ho jAtA hai| isI tathya kA samarthana karate hue zrI zrutasAgara sUri ne tattvArthasUtra para likhI apanI TIkA tattvArthavRtti meM likhA-"sUtra meM prayukta 'ca' zabda se tIna Ayu aura nAma karma kI teraha prakRtiyoM ke arthAta saba milAkara tresaTha karma prakRtiyoM ke kSaya hone se kevalajJAna kI utpatti hotI hai| mohanIya karma kI aTThAIsa, jJAnAvaraNa kI pAMca, darzanAvaraNa kI nau, antarAya kI pAMca tathA ca zabda se naraka Ayu, tiryag Ayu evaM devAyu ke kSaya hone ke sAtha hI sAdhAraNa, Atapa, paMcendriya ke binA cAra jAti, naraka gati, narakagatyAnupUrvI, tiryaMcagati, tiryaMcagatyAnupUrvI, sthAvara, sUkSma aura udyota nAma karma kI ina teraha prakatiyoM ke kSaya hone se kevalajJAna utpanna hotA hai|" karma kSaya eka krama pUrvaka hotA hai : - AcArya umAsvAmI ne kevalajJAna prApti ke kAraNoM kA ullekha karate hue tatvArthasUtra ke dazame adhyAya meM prathama sUtra meM 'mohakSayAt' isa zabda ko sUtra meM sabase Age prathak rakhA hai| sUtra ke isa vyavasthita zabda krama meM bhI eka rahasya chupA huA hai| isa rahasya kA udghATana karate hue AcArya pUjyapAda likhate haiM "kSayakramapratipAdanArthoM vAkyabhedena nirdezaH kriyte| prAgeva mohaM kSayamupanIyAntarmuhUrta kSINakaSAyavyapadezamavApya tato yugapajjJAna darzanAvaraNAntarAyANAM kSayaM kRtvA kevalamavApnoti iti|" -sarvArthasiddhi 10/1/921 sUtra meM karmoM ke kSaya kA krama batAne ke lie vAkyoM kA bheda karake nirdeza kiyA hai| pahale hI moha kA kSaya karake aura antarmuhUrta kAla taka kSINakaSAya saMjJA ko prApta hokara anantara jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, aura antarAya karma kA eka sAtha kSaya karake kevalajJAna ko prApta hotA hai|

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anekAnta 59/1-2 kevalajJAna kA viSaya : kevalajJAna eka sarvotkRSTa jJAna hai, isake sarvopari hone kA kAraNa yaha hai ki isakA viSaya kSetra sabhI dravyoM kI sabhI paryAyeM hai| isase bhI bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki isa jJAna ke dvArA sabhI dravyoM kI trikAlavartI paryAyoM ko eka hI samaya meM yugapat ( eka sAtha) jAnA jA sakatA hai / kevalajJAna kI inhIM vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa aneka tArkika evaM aneka darzanavAdI ise kevala kAlpanika jJAna batAte haiM / ve kevalajJAna ke astitva para prazna cihna lagAne se bhI nahIM cuukte| 75 mithyAvAdiyoM ke isI bhrama evaM ajJAnatA ke kAraNa aneka jainAcAryoM ne kevalajJAna ke astitva ko siddha karane ke lie Thosa tarka evaM yuktiyA~ bhI dI haiM / unhoMne kahA hai ki AtmA meM anaMta zaktiyAM haiM unhIM anaMta zaktiyoM meM se jJAna AtmA kI pradhAna zakti hai| jJAna AtmA kA svabhAva hai isIlie jainAcAryoM ne kahA jJAna AtmA kA aisA guNa hai jise trikAla meM bhI AtmA se pRthak nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, jJAna ke abhAva meM AtmA kI kalpanA bhI nahIM kI jA sakatI / sabhI saMsArI evaM mukta AtmAoM meM anaMta jJAna zakti vidyamAna hai| isa satya ke bAvajUda bhI saMsArI prANiyoM meM jJAna kI samAnatA nahIM dekhI jAtI hai, sabhI saMsArI prANiyoM kA jJAna bhinna-bhinna stara kA dekhane meM AtA hai| isa rahasya ko spaSTa karate hue jainAcAryoM ne spaSTa kiyA ki sabhI AtmAoM meM anaMta jJAna zakti rUpa meM vidyamAna rahate hue bhI usakI abhivyakti na hone ke kAraNa saMsArI prANiyoM ke jJAna meM asamAnatA dekhane meM AtI hai / isa anaMta jJAna kI abhivyakti na ho pAne ke pIche sabase bar3A kAraNa jJAnAvaraNa. nAma kA karma hai| isa karma kA AtmA se anAdikAlIna saMbaMdha hai, isake kAraNa AtmA ke anaMta jJAna para AvaraNa par3A rahatA hai| apanI viziSTa puruSArtha zakti ke dvArA AtmA isa karma ko kSINa kara sakatI hai| jJAnAvaraNa karma jina aMzoM meM kSINa hotA jAtA

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anekAnta 59/1-2 hai unhIM aMzoM meM AtmA kI jJAna zakti bhI prakaTa hone lagatI hai| sabhI AtmAyeM apanI jJAna zakti ko prakaTa karane ke lie samAna puruSArtha nahIM karatIM, isIlie saMsArI AtmAoM ke jJAna meM bhinnatA dikhAI detI hai| karma baMdhana ke kSINa hone ko jainAgama meM kSayopazama kahA jAtA hai| jaba jJAnAvaraNa karma kA pUrNa kSaya (abhAva) ho jAtA hai taba AtmA kI anaMta jJAna zakti arthAt kevalajJAna prakaTa ho jAtA hai| eka bAra karma ke pUrNa kSaya hone para punaH kabhI ina karma baMdhanoM se AtmA ko sAmanA nahIM karanA pdd'taa| - mati evaM zratajJAna ke uparAnta hone vAle avadhijJAna evaM manaHparyaya jJAna meM indriyoM evaM mana kA ekadeza upayoga hone se inheM ekadeza pratyakSa mAnA gayA hai| AcArya akalaMka deva ne aSTazatI kI tRtIya kArikA meM spaSTa likhA hai ki "AtmanamevApaikSyaitAni trINi jJAnAni utpdynte| na indriyAnindriyApekSA tatrAsti / / " avadhijJAna, manaHpayaryajJAna va kevalajJAna ye tInoM jJAna AtmA kI apekSA karake hI utpanna hote haiN| vahAM indriya va anindriya kI apekSA nahIM hotii| sampUrNa jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSaya se aMta meM prakaTa hone vAlA kevalajJAna hI sakala pratyakSa hai kyoMki isa jJAna meM samasta dravyoM kI trikAlavartI (atIta, anAgata, vartamAna) paryAyoM kA jJAna yugapat (eka sAtha) hotA hai| isa jJAna meM mana evaM indriyoM kI sahAyatA ke binA hI sakala padArthoM kA pratyakSa anubhava hotA hai| yaha jJAna asImita hai, anaMta hai| isa jJAna ke viSayagata padArthoM kI vyAkhyA karate hue AcArya umAsvAmI ne likhA "sarvadravyaparyAyeSu kevalasya" tatvArtha sUtra 1/29 kevala jJAna kA viSaya samasta dravyoM kI samasta paryAyeM haiN| isa sUtra kI vyAkhyA karate hue AcArya pUjyapAda likhate haiM- "dravyaparyAyajAtaM

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 vA na kiMcitkevalajJAnasya viSayabhAvamatikrAntamasti / aparimita mAhAtmyaM hi taditi jJApanArthaM 'sarvadravyaparyAyeSu' ityucyate / " -savArtha-siddhi 1/29/230 77 aisA na koI dravya hai aura na paryAya samUha hai jo kevalajJAna ke viSaya ke pare ho / kevalajJAna kA mAhAtmya aparimita hai| isI bAta kA jJAna karAne ke lie sUtra me "sarvadravyaparyAyeSu" pada kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| kevalajJAna ke dvArA dravyoM kI trikAlavartI (bhUta, bhaviSya evaM vartamAna) paryAyoM ko eka sAtha kaise jAnA jA sakatA hai? isa prazna kA samAdhAna dete hue A. amRtacaMdrajI pravacanasAra kI TIkA meM likhate haiM"kiMca citrapaTasthAnIyattvAt saMvidaH yathA hi citrapaTyAmativAhitA nAmanupasthitAnAM vartamAnAnAM ca vastUnAmAlekhyAkArAH sAkSAdekakSaNa evAvabhAsante, tathA saMvidbhittAvapi " -pravacanasAra/tatvapradI. 37 jJAna citrapaTa ke samAna hai / jaise citrapaTa meM atIta anAgata aura vartamAna padArtha AlekhyAkAra sAkSAt eka samaya meM bhAsita hote hai / usI prakAra jJAnarUpI bhitti meM bhI bhASita hote haiM T kevalajJAna samasta jJeyoM ko yugapat jAnatA hai - kevalajJAna meM samasta-rUpI - arUpI dravyo kI samasta paryAyoM kA jJAna yugapat hotA hai 1 yadi ina paryAyoM ko kevalajJAna kramapUrvaka jAnegA taba eka samaya me samasta paryAyo kA jJAna nahIM ho sakatA, ataH vaha unheM avagrahAdi kriyAoM se na jAnakara akrama rUpa se eka samaya meM samasta dravyoM kI paryAyoM ko pratyakSa jAnatA hai / AcArya zivakoTi jI ne likhA hai "bhAve sagavisayatthe sUro jugavaM jahA payAseI / satvaM vi tahA jugavaM kevalaNANaM payAsedi" / / bhagavatI ArAdhanA 2142 jaise sUrya ke prakAza meM jitane padArtha samAviSTa hote haiM vaha una

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anekAnta 59/1-2 sabako yugapat ( eka sAtha) prakAzita karatA hai, vaise siddha parameSThI kA kevalajJAna sampUrNa jJeyoM ko yugapat jAnatA hai / 78 kevalajJAna kA viSaya kSetra samasta lokAloka hai : kevalajJAna kA viSaya kSetra sImAoM meM ba~dhA huA nahIM hai, yaha asIma hai / kevalajJAna kA viSaya kSetra samasta lokAloka hai / samasta loka- Aloka meM aisA koI sthAna zeSa nahIM hai jo kevalajJAna se chipA huA ho yA kevalajJAna kA viSaya na ho / A. kundakunda ne likhA hai "AdA NANa pamANaM gANaM NeyappamANa muddiTTha | yaM loyAloyaM tamhA NANaM ta suvvagayaM" / / pravacanasAra-23 AtmA jJAna pramANa hai, jJAna jJeya pramANa hai, jJeya lokAloka hai, isalie jJAna sarvagata hai / AcArya nemicaMdra ne dravya saMgraha meM siddha parameSThI ke svarUpa kI vyAkhyA karate hue kevalajJAna kI vizeSatAoM para prakAza DAlate hue likhA hai aSTakarma rUpI deha jinhoMne naSTa kara dI hai tathA jo lokAloka ko jAnane-dekhane vAle haiM ve siddha haiM / ataH aneka Agama pramANoM se yaha siddha hai ki kevalajJAna kA viSayagata kSetra samasta lokAloka hai| - nizcaya naya se kevalajJAnI apanI AtmA ko jAnate haiM : kevalajJAna ke dvArA kevalI bhagavAn samasta carAcara jagata ko jAnate haiM / kintu nizcaya naya kI dRSTi se ve apanI AtmA ko jAnate haiM ukta kathana kA ullekha karate hue AcArya kuMdakuMda deva ne likhA hai 1 jANadi passadi savvaM vavahAraNayeNa kevalI bhagavaM / kevalaNANI jANadi passadi NiyameNa appANaM / / - niyamasAra, 159 vyavahAra naya ke kevalI saba kucha jAnate aura dekhate haiM kintu

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 . nizcaya naya se ve kevalI bhagavAn apanI AtmA ko jAnate dekhate haiM / isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki ve apanI AtmA ko jAnane ke kAraNa zeSa jagat se anabhijJa yA anajAna rahate haiM, isI tathya ko spaSTa karate hue A. yogendu deva ne likhA hai joiya appe jANieNa jagu jANiyau haveu / appahaM karei bhAvaDai biMbiu jeNa vaseI / / -paramAtma prakAza, 99 apane AtmA ke jAnane se yaha tIna loka jAnA jAtA hai, kyoMki AtmA ke bhAva rUpa kevalajJAna meM yaha loka pratibimbita huA basa rahA hai / 79 kevalajJAnI apanI AtmA ke sAtha samasta jagat ko bhI jAnate haiM : yadi hama aisA mAnate haiM ki "kevalI bhagavAna kevalajJAna ke dvArA kevala apanI AtmA ke svarUpa ko dekhate haiM, loka- aloka ko nahIM jAnate" taba isa mAnyatA se kevalajJAna meM koI vizeSatA nahIM raha jAtI / parantu svayaM kundakundAcArya ne likhA hai - jadi paccakkhamajAdaM pajjAyaM palayidaM ca NANassa / Na havadi vA taM gANaM divvaM ti hi ke parUveMti / / pravacanasAra, 39 yadi anutpanna va naSTa paryAyeM jJAna ke pratyakSa na hoM to usa jJAna ko divya kauna kahegA ? Azaya yaha hai ki kevalajJAna kI divyatA evaM viziSTatA isI kAraNa hai ki vaha samasta carAcara jagat ko eka sAtha janatA hai| isalie ukta nizcaya naya evaM vyavahAra naya ina donoM nayoM kI dRSTi se kathana meM bhinnatA ho sakatI hai para kevalajJAna ke vaiziSTya para isakA koI prabhAva nahIM par3atA | niyamasAra meM likhA hai muttamamuttaM davvaM ceyaNamiyaraM sagaM ca savvaM ca / pecchaM tassa du NANaM paccakkhamaNidiyaM hoI / / 167 / /

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80 anekAnta 59 / 1-2 puvvattsayaladavva NANAguNa pajjaeNa saMjuttaM / jo Na ya pecchai sammaM parokkhadiTThI have tassa / / 168 / / vAstava meM mUrtika- amUrtika, cetana-acetana dravyoM ko; apane ko tathA anya samasta ko dekhane vAle kA hI jJAna atIndriya pratyakSa hotA hai / nAnA guNa paryAyoM se yukta pUrvokta samasta dravyoM ko jo samyak prakAra se nahIM dekhatA usakA darzana parokSa hI rhegaa| isI saMzaya ke nivAraNArtha pravacanasAra meM likhA hai jo Na vijAnadi jugavaM atthe tikkAlige tihuvaNatthe / NAduM tassa Na sakkaM sapajjayaM sapajjayaM davvamegaM vA / / 48 / / davvaM anaMta pajjayamegamaNaMtANi davvajAdANi / Na vijANadi jadi jugavaM kidha so savvANi jANAdi / 149 / / jo eka hI sAtha traikAlika tribhuvanastha padArtho ko nahIM jAnatA, use paryAya sahita eka ( Atma) dravya bhI jAnanA zakya nahIM hai| yadi ananta paryAya vAle, eka dravya ko tathA ananta dravya samUha ko eka hI sAtha nahIM jAnatA to vaha sabako kaise jAna sakegA ? kevalajJAnI kI samasta kriyAyeM icchA rahita haiM : kevalajJAna ke viSaya meM jAnakara sAmAnyataH logoM ke mana meM yaha prazna uThatA hai ki yadi kevalajJAnI samasta jagat ke prANiyoM ke sukha-du:kha ko jAnate-dekhate haiM taba kyA unake bhItara rAga-dveSa nahIM hotaa| isI samAdhAna meM AcArya zivakoTi bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM likhate haiM passadi jANadi ya tahA tiNNi vi kAle sapajjae savve / taha vA logamasesa passadi bhayavaM vigadamohA / 1214 artha - kevalI sampUrNa dravyo va unakI paryAyo se bhare hue sampUrNa jagat ko tIno kAloM meM jAnate haiM / to bhI ve moharahita hI rahate haiM /

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anekAnta 59/1-2 kevalajJAna ke atizaya : kevalajJAna prApta hone para kevalI bhagavAn (arhat bhagavAna) me gyAraha alaukika vizeSatAeM prakaTa ho jAtI haiN| jinheM atizaya kahA jAtA hai| kevalajJAna kI prApti hone para utpanna hone vAle gyAraha atizayo kA varNana AcArya yativRSabha ne tilAyapaNNatti meM isa prakAra kiyA hai 1. cAroM dizAoM meM eka sau yojana taka subhikSa-- kavanI bhagavAn jahAM virAjate haiM, vahA cAroM ora so yojana (cAra so kosa) taka sukha, samRddhi, nirogatA vyApta ho jAtI hai| vAtAvaraNa magalamaya evaM zAMtimaya bana jAtA hai| 2. AkAzagamana- kevalI bhagavAn kaivalya prApti ke uparAta bhUmi para nahI clte| unakA paramaudArika zarIra AkAza meM gamana karatA hai| 3. hiMsA kA abhAva- kevalI bhagavAn jisa ora bhI vihAra karate haiM udhara cAro ora kA vAtAvaraNa ahisAmaya ho jAtA hai| gAya eva zara eka hI ghATa para pAnI pIne lagate haiN| unake samavazaraNa (dharma sabhA) me pahuMcakara prANI apanA janma-jAta vaira bhUlakara prema va vAtsalya se eka-dUsare ke nikaTa baiThate hai| ___ 4. bhojana kA abhAva- kaivalya prApti ke bAda kevalI bhagavAna ko zarIra sarakSaNa hetu kisI bhI prakAra ke anna yA jalAhAra Adi kI AvazyakatA nahIM par3atI arthAt ve bhojana grahaNa nahIM krte| kaMvanI kavalAhAra nahI krte| 5. upasarga kA abhAva- kaivalya prApti ke bAda arhata bhagavAn para koI bhI manapya, deva, pazu Adi upasarga nahIM krtaa| unake nikaTa pahuMcakara jIva apane pratizodha, vaira, vaimanaSyatA ko bhUlakara zraddhA pUrvaka unakA bhakta bana jAtA hai| ____6. caturmukhatA- bhagavAn ke samavazaraNa (dharmasabhA) me jo bhI jIvagaNa pahuMcate haiM unheM bhagavAna kA mukha apanI ora dikhAI detA hai| arthAt bhagavAn kA mukha cAroM dizAoM meM dikhAI dene lagatA hai| vAstava

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anekAnta 59/1-2 meM bhagavAna kA eka hI mukha rahatA hai para atizaya ke kAraNa ve caturmukha dikhate haiN| ___7. chAyA nahIM par3anA- kaivalya prApti ke uparAMta arhat bhagavAn kA zarIra sphaTika maNi ke samAna nirmala, pAradarzI evaM sapta dhAtu se rahita ho jAtA hai isa kAraNa unake zarIra kI chAyA nahIM pdd'tii| ___8. nirnimeSa dRSTi- arhat bhagavAn kI palakeM nahIM jhapakatI ise hI nirnimeSa dRSTi kahA jAtA hai| 9. sarvavidyezvaratA- kevalajJAna jaisI sarvazreSTha vidyA evaM Rddhi ko prApta arhat bhagavAn ko sabhI vidyAoM kA svAmI kahA jAtA hai| ___10. nakha aura kezoM kA ghaTanA bar3hanA nahIM- kaivalya prApti ke uparAMta arhat bhagavAn ke nakha evaM keza na bar3hate haiM aura na ghaTate haiN| 11. aneka bhASA maya divya dhvani- kaivalya prApti ke uparAMta unakI divya dezanA (upadeza) zrotAoM ko aThAraha mahAbhASAoM meM evaM sAta sau kSudra bhASAoM meM sunAyI detI hai ataH unake samavazaraNa meM pahuMcane vAle sabhI manuSya, deva, pazu-pakSI Adi unake divya upadeza ko apanI-apanI bhASA meM grahaNa kara lete haiN| kevalajJAnI aThAraha doSoM se rahita hote haiM : kevalajJAna prApta hone ke uparAMta hI arhat avasthA kI prApti hotI hai| ataH arhat paramAtmA yA kevalajJAnI meM aThAraha doSa nahIM rhte| inakA ullekha karate hue A. kundakunda ne niyamasAra meM likhA hai "chuhataNhabhIruroso rAgo moho ciMtA jarA rujA miccU / / sedaM khedaM mado rai vimhiyaNiddA jnnuvvego||6|| arthAt- kevalajJAnI arhat paramAtmA meM kSudhA (bhUkha), tRSA (pyAsa), bhaya, ropa (krodha), rAga, moha, cintA, jarA, roga, mRtyu, sveda (pasInA),

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anekAnta 59/1-2 kheda, mada (ahaMkAra), rati (prema), vismaya (Azcaya), nidrA, janma, udvega (arati, ghRNA) ye aThAraha doSa nahIM pAye jaate| kevalajJAna ke binA mukti nahIM : kevalajJAna ko prApta kiye binA jIvAtmA nirvANa pada prApta nahIM kara sakatA arthAt saMsAra se mukta nahIM ho sktaa| A. akalaMka deva ne tatvArtha rAjavArtika meM likhA hai ki "yatazca kevalenaiva saha nirvANaM na kSayopazamikajJAnaiH saha, ato. 'nte kevalagrahaNam / " . __ artha- kevalajJAna ke sAtha hI nirvANa hotA hai na ki kSAyopazamika mati Adi jJAnoM ke saath| ataH jJAna ke krama meM kevalajJAna kA aMta meM nirdeza kiyA hai| kevalajJAna kA sadbhAva siddhAvasthA meM bhI- mokSa prApti ke uparAMta jIvAtmA zuddha avasthA arthAt avinAzI siddha pada ko prApta kara letA hai| kevalajJAna bhI AtmA kA avinAzI guNa hai| ataH kevalajJAna siddha avasthA meM bhI AtmA ke sAtha vidyamAna rahatA hai| A. umAsvAmI jI ne tatvArtha sUtra meM likhA hai"anyatra kevala-samyakatva-jJAna-darzana siddhtvebhyH|" -ta.sU. 10/4 siddhoM meM kevalasamyaktva, kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana, aura siddhatva bhAva kA abhAva nahIM hotaa| kevalajJAna ke viSaya meM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha asIma hai, anaMta hai, avarNanIya hai, pratyeka mokSamArgI kA carama lakSya hai| -pArzvanAtha digambara jaina maMdira apara bAjAra, rA~cI (jhArakhaNDa)

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pacAsa varSa pUrva jaina aura bauddhadharma eka nahIM - jagadIzacandra jaina bahuta dinoM se kucha mitroM kI icchA thI ki brahmacArI zItala prasAda jI ne " jaina-bauddha tattvajJAna" nAmaka pustaka meM jo jaina aura bauddhadharma ke aikya ke viSaya meM apane naye vicAra prakaTa kiye haiM, una para maiM kucha likhUM / ukta pustaka ko prakAzita hue bahuta-sA samaya nikala gayA / kintu likhane kI icchA hote hue bhI kArya - bhAra se maiM isa ora kucha bhI na kara skaa| abhI kucha dina hue mujhe bambaI yunivarsiTI ke eka ema. e. ke vidyArthI ko pAlI par3hAne kA avasara prApta huA / merI icchA phira se jAgRta ho uThI, aura aba zrImAn paMDita jugalakizora jI ke patra se to maiM apane lobha ko saMvaraNa hI na kara sakA / brahmacArI zItalaprasAda jI aura ukta pustaka para sammatidAtA bAbU ajitaprasAda jI vakIla kA kathana hai ki "bauddhamata ke siddhAnta jaina siddhAnta se bahuta mila rahe haiN"| "jaina va bauddha meM kucha bhI antara nahIM hai / cAhe bauddhadharma prAcIna kaheM yA jainadharma kaheM eka hI bAta hai" / ina mahAnubhAvoM kA kathana hai ki "jIva tattva ke dhruvarUpa astitva meM aura zAzvata mokSa kI prApti meM bauddha aura jainAgama meM virodha nahIM hai" / hama yahAeN pAThakoM ko yaha batAnA cAhate hai ki ukta vicAra atyaMta bhrAmaka haiM / jainadharma ko utkRSTa aura prAcIna siddha karane ke liye isa taraha ke vicAroM ko janatA meM phailAnA, yaha jaina aura bauddha donoM hI dharmo ke prati anyAya karanA hai / brahmacArI jI "bauddha sAdhuoM ke sAtha vArttAlApa karane" mAtra se hI ukta nirNaya para pahu~ca gaye hai| sacamuca brahmacArI jI apane ukta krAntikAraka (2) vicAroM se akalaMka Adi jaina vidvAno kI bhI avahelanA kara gaye haiM / nIce kI bAtoM se spaSTa hogA ki brahmacArI jI ke niSkarSa kitane nirmUla haiM /

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 sabase prathama bAta to yaha hai ki jaina paramparA meM itane vidvAna hue, para kisI ne kahIM bhI jaina aura bauddha dharma kI AtmA aura nirvANa-saMbaMdhI mAnyatAoM kI samAnatA kA ullekha nahIM kiyaa| zAyada brahmacArI jI ko hI sabase pahale yaha anokhI sUjha sUjhI ho| itanA hI nahIM, jaina vidvAnoM ne bauddhoM ke AcAra, unakI AtmA aura nirvANa-saMbaMdhI mAnyatAoM kA ghora virodha kiyA hai| akalaMka deva ne rAjavArtika Adi meM rUpa, vedanA, saMjJA, saMskAra aura vijJAna ina paMca skaMdhoM ke nirodha se abhAva rUpa jo bauddhoM ne mokSa mAnA haiM, usakA nirasana kiyA hai, aura Age calakara dvAdazAMgarUpa pratItyasamutpAda ( paDiccasamuppAda ) kA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai / ava ja rA brahmacArI jI ke zabdoM para dhyAna dIjiye 85 "saMsAra meM khela khilAne vAle rUpa, saMjJA, vedanA, saMskAra va vijJAna jaba naSTa ho jAte hai, taba jo kucha zeSa rahatA hai, vahI zuddha AtmA hai| zuddha AtmA ke saMbaMdha meM jo jo vizeSaNa jaina zAstroM meM haiM, ve saba bauddhoM ke nirvANa ke svarUpa se mila jAte haiM / nirvANa kaho yA zuddha AtmA kaho eka hI bAta hai / do zabda haiM, vastu do nahIM haiM" / eka ora akalaMka deva bauddhoM ke abhAvarUpa mokSa kA khaMDana karate haiM dUsarI ora brahmacArI jI use jainadharma dvArA pratipAdita batAkara usakI puSTi karate haiM / brahmacArI jI ne apanI ukta pustaka meM jaina aura bauddha pustakoM ke aneka uddharaNa dekara jaina aura bauddhoM kI Atma-saMbaMdhI mAnyatA ko batAne kA niSphala prayatna kiyA hai| kintu hama yaha batA denA cAhate haiM ki donoM dharmo kI AtmA kI mAnyatA meM AkAza-pAtAlakA aMtara hai / yadi mahAvIra AtmavAdI haiM unakA siddhAMta AtmA kI hI bhitti para khar3A hai to buddha anAtmavAdI haiM aura unakA siddhAMta anAtmavAda ke binA jarA bhI nahIM Tika sktaa| mahAvIra ne sarvaprathama AtmA ke Upara jora diyA hai aura batAyA hai ki Atmazuddhi ke binA jIva kA kalyANa honA asaMbhava hai, aura vastutaH isIliye jainadharma meM sAta tattvoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| tathA bauddhadharma meM isake viparIta hI hai / buddha ke 'sarva duHkha,

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 sarva kSaNika, sarva anAtma' siddhAMtoM kI bhitti anAtmavAda ke hI Upara sthita hai / buddha ke aSTAMga mArga meM bhI AtmA kA kahIM nAma nahIM AtA / vahA~ kevala yahI batAyA gayA hai ki manuSya ko samyak AcAra-vicAra se hI rahanA cAhiye / itanA hI nahIM, balki buddha ne spaSTa kahA hai ki maiM nitya AtmA kA upadeza nahIM karatA, kyoMki isase manuSya ko AtmA hI sarvapriya ho jAtI hai aura usase manuSya uttarottara ahaMkAra kA poSaNa kara duHkha kI abhivRddhi karatA hai / isaliye manuSya ko AtmA ke jhamele meM na par3anA cAhiye isI bAta ko tattvasaMgrahapaMjikAkAra ne kitanI sundaratA se abhivyakta kiyA hai: 86 sAhaMkAre manasi na zamaM yAti jnmprbNdho| nAhaMkArazcalati hRdayAdAtmadRSTau ca satyAM / / anyaH zAstA jagati bhavato nAsti nairAtmyavAdI / / nAnyastasmAdupazamavidhestvanmatAdasti mArgaH // yahI kAraNa hai ki buddha ne AtmA Adi ko 'avvAkata' ( na kahane yogya) kahakara usakI ora se udAsInatA batAI hai| yahAM bauddhoM kA AtmA ke viSaya meM kyA siddhAMta hai, isa para kucha saMkSepa meM kahanA anucita na hogaa| bauddhoM kA kathana hai ki rUpa, vedanA, vijJAna, saMjJA aura saMskAra ina paMca skaMdhoM ko chor3akara AtmA koI pRthak vastu nahIM hai| isa viSaya para 'milindapaJha' meM jo rAjA milinda aura nAgasena kA saMvAda AtA hai, usakA anuvAda nIce diyA jAtA hai: " milinda - bhante, ApakA kyA nAma hai ? nAgasena - mahArAja, nAgasena / parantu yaha vyavahAra mAtra hai, kAraNa ki pudgala (AtmA) kI upalabdhi nahIM hotI / milinda - yadi AtmA koI vastu nahIM hai, to Apa ko kauna piMDapAta (( bhikSA) detA hai, kauna usa bhikSA kA bhakSaNa karatA hai, kauna zIla kI rakSA karatA hai, aura kauna bhAvanAoM kA cintana karane vAlA hai? tathA

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anekAnta 59/1-2 phira to acche, bure karmoM kA koI kartA aura bhoktA bhI na mAnanA caahiye| aadi| nAgasena-maiM yaha nahIM khtaa| milinda-kyA rUpa, vedanA, saMjJA, saMskAra aura vijJAna milakara nAgasena bane haiM? naagsen-nhiiN| milinda-kyA pAca skaMdhoM ke atirikta koI nAgasena hai? nAgasena nhiiN| milinda-to phira sAmane dikhAI dene vAle nAgasena kyA haiM? nAgasena mahArAja, Apa yahAM ratha se Aye haiM, yA paidala calakara? milinda-ratha se? nAgasena-Apa yahA~ ratha se Aye haiM to maiM pUchatA hUM ki ratha kise kahate haiM? kyA pahiyoM ko ratha kahate hai? kyA dhure ko ratha kahata hai? kyA ratha meM lage hue DaNDoM ko ratha kahate haiM? (milinda ne inakA uttara nakAra meM diyA) nAgasena-to kyA pahiye, dhure, DaNDe Adi ke alAvA ratha alaga vastu hai? (milinda ne phira nakAra kahA) nAgasena-to phira jisa ratha se Apa Aye haiM vaha kyA hai? milinda-pahiye, dhure, DaNDe Adi sabako milAkara vyavahAra se ratha kahA jAtA hai; pahiye Adi ko chor3a kara ratha koI svataMtra padArtha nhiiN| nAgasena-jisa prakAra pahiye, dhure Adi ke atirikta ratha kA svataMtra

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anekAnta 59/1-2 astitva nahIM hai, usI taraha rUpa, vedanA, vijJAna, saMjJA aura saMskAra ina pAca skadho ko chor3akara nAgasena koI alaga vastu nahIM haiN|" 'visuddhimagga' meM bhI nimna zloka dvArA ukta bhAva hI vyakta kiyA gayA hai. dukkhamava hi na koci dukkhito| kArako na kiriyA va vijjti| atthi nivvutti na nivvutto pumaa| maggamatyi gamako na vijjti| kyA koI jenadharma kA abhyAsI ukta mAnyatA ko jainadharma kI mAnyatA siddha karane kA dAvA kara sakatA hai? yadi koI kahe ki ukta mAnyatA buddha kI mAnyatA nahIM; buddha ne to AtmA ko 'avyAkata' kahA hai, yA usake viSaya meM tRNNIbhAva rakkhA hai to isake uttara meM hama kaheMge ki phira bhI buddha kI mAnyatA ko hama jaina mAnyatA kabhI nahIM kaha skt| mahAvIra ne AtmA kI kabhI upekSA nahIM kii| balki unhoMne to Dake kI coTa se ghoSaNA kI ki "je egaM jANai se savvaM jANai" arthAt jA eka (AtmA) ko jAnatA hai, vaha saba kucha bhI nahIM jaantaa| jisa taraha jaina zAstroM meM 'aNu-guru-deha pramANa' Adi lakSaNoM ke sAtha AtmA kA vizada aura vistRta varNana dekhane meM AtA hai kyA usa taraha kA varNana brahmacArI jI ne kisI bauddha grantha meM dekhA hai? yadi nahIM, to unakA dono dharmo ko samAna batAnA AtmavaMcana hai, dharma-vyAmoha hai, viDaMbanA hai aura sAtha hI jaina AcAryo kI avamAnanA hai| jaina aura bauddha dharma meM dUsarI bar3I bhArI viSamatA yaha hai ki bauddha dharma meM mAMsa bhakSaNa kA pratipAdana hai jabaki jaina graMthoM meM kahIM isa bAta kA nAma-nizAna bhI nhiiN| yaha ho sakatA hai ki buddha ne amuka prANiyoM ke mAsa bhakSaNa karane kI AjJA na dI ho, jaise yahUdI Adi dharmo meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai, para mAMsAhAra kA unhoMne sarvathA niSedha nahIM kiyaa|

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anekAnta 59/1-2 majjhimanikAya ke jIvakasutta meM jIvaka ne buddha se prazna kiyA, hai ki bhagavAn ! loga kahate hai ki buddha uddiSTa bhojana svIkAra karate haiM ve uddiSTa mAMsa kA AhAra lete haiM, kyA aisA kahane vAle manuSya ApakI aura Apake dharma kI nindA nahIM karate, avahelanA nahIM karate? isake uttara meM buddha kahate haiM "na me te kuttavAdino abmAcikkhaMti ca pana meM te asAtA abhUtena / tIhi kho ahaM jIvaka ThAne hi maMsaM aparibhogaM ti vadAmiHdiTuM, sutaM, parisaMkitaM / imehi kho ahaM jIvaka tIhi ThAnehimaMsaM aparibhogaM ti vdaami| tIhi kho ahaM jIvaka ThAne hi maMsaM paribhogaM ti vadAmiH-adiTuM, asutaM, aprisNkitN| imehi kho ahaM jIvaka tIhi ThAnehi maMsaM paribhogaM ti vdaami|" yaha kahane vAle manuSya asatyavAdI nahI, ve dharma kI avahelanA karane vAle nahIM haiM; kyoMki maiMne tIna prakAra ke mAMsa ko bhakSya kahA hai jo dekhA na ho (adiTTha) sunA na ho (asuta), aura jisameM zaMkA na ho (aprisNkit)| bar3A Azcarya hai ki buddha kA mAMsa-saMbaMdhI ukta spaSTa vacana hone para bhI brahmacArI jI ukta vacana ke viSaya meM zaMkA karate hue likhate haiM "yaha vacana kahA~ taka ThIka hai, yaha vicArane yogya hai|" bhale hI ukta kathana brahmacArI jI ke vicAra meM na baiThatA ho, para kathana to atyaMta spaSTa haiN| para brahmacArI jI to kisI bhI taraha jaina aura bauddhadharma ko eka siddha karane kI dhuna meM haiN| brahmacArI jI ne Age calakara 'laMkAvatAra' sUtra se Dhera ke Dhera mAMsa-niSedha ke uddharaNa peza kiye haiN| kintu zAyada unheM yaha jJAna nahIM ki laMkAvatAra sUtra mahAyAna bauddha sampradAyakA graMtha hai, aura vaha saMskRta meM hai; jabaki buddha ke mUla upadeza pAlI meM hai aura 'majjhimanikAya' pAlI-vicAra kI jaina dharma ke AcAra se tulanA karanA, yaha logoM kI A~khoM meM dhUla jhoMkanA hai| vastutaH bAta to yaha hai ki buddha apane dharma ko sArvabhaumadharma banAnA cAhate the, aura

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anekAnta 59/1-2 isalie ve mAMsa niSedha kI kar3I zarta usameM nahIM lagAnA cAhate the| parantu mahAvIra isake sakhta virodhI the| brahmacArI jI ne eka aura naI khoja kI haiM unakA kathana hai ki "buddha ne mahAvIra kI nagna municaryA ko kaThina samajhA, isIliye unhoMne vastrasahita sAdhucaryA kI pravRtti calAI; tathA madhyamamArga jo zrAvakoM brahmacArI zrAvakoM kA hai, usakA pracAra gautama buddha ne kiyA-siddhAMta eka rkkhaa|" brahmacArI jI kI spaSTa mAnyatA hai ki jainadharma aura bauddhadharma siddhAMtoM meM koI aMtara nahIM-aMtara sirpha itanA hI hai ki mahAvIra ne nagna-caryA kA upadeza diyA, jaba ki buddha ne savastra-caryA kaa| yadi aisI hI bAta hai to phira bauddhadharma aura zvetAmbara jainadharma meM to thor3A bhI antara na honA caahiye| kintu zAyada brahmacArI jI ko mAlUma nahIM ki jitanI kar3I samAlocanA bauddhadharma kI digambara zAstroM meM milatI hai, utanI hI zvetAmbara graMthoM meM bhI hai| mahAvIra kI stuti karate hue ayogavyavaccheda dvAtriMzikA meM hemacandraAcArya ne buddha kI dayAlutA kA upahAsa karate hue una para kaTAkSa kiyA hai| vaha zloka nimna rUpa se hai: jagatyanudhyAnabalena zazvat kRtArthayatsu prsrbhbhvtsu| kimAzrito'nyaiHzaraNaM tvadanyaH svamAMsadAnena vRthA kRpaaluH|| apane upakAra-dvArA jagat ko sadA kRtArtha karane vAle aise Apako chor3akara anyavAdiyoM ne apane mAMsa kA dAna karake vyartha hI kRpAlu kahe jAne vAle kI kyoM zaraNa lI, yaha samajha meM nahIM aataa| (yaha kaTAkSa buddha ke Upara hai)| itanA hI nahIM, vuddha aura mahAvIra ke samaya meM bhI jaina aura bauddhoM meM kitanA antara thA, kitanA vaimanasya thA, yaha bAta pAlI granthoM se spaSTa ho jAtI hai| yadi donoM dharmoM meM kevala vastra rakhane aura na rakhane ke hI Upara vAda-vivAda thA, to buddha mahAvIra ke anya siddhAMtoM kA kabhI virodha na karate; unheM kevala mahAvIra kI kaThina caryA kA hI virodha

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 91 karanA cAhiye thA, anya bAtoM kA nahIM / 'majjhimanikAya' ke 'abhayarAjakumAra' nAmaka sutta meM kathana hai ki ekabAra nigaNTha nATaputta ( mahAvIra ) ne apane ziSya abhayakumAra ko buddha ke sAtha vAda-vivAda karane ko bhejA / abhayakumAra ne buddha se prazna kiyA ki kyA Apa dUsaroM ko apriya lagane vAlI vANI bolate haiM? buddha ne vistRta vyAkhyA karate hue uttara diyA ki buddha 'bhUta, taccha (tathya) aura atthasahita ' vacanoM kA prayoga karate haiM, ve vacana cAhe priya hoM yA apriya / buddha ke uttara se saMtuSTa ho abhayakumAra ne kahA 'anassuM niggaNThA' ( anazyan nirgranthAH ) arthAt nirgratha naSTa ho gye| mahAvIra aura unake anuyAyiyoM kA citraNa bauddhoM ke pAlI graMthoM meM kisa taraha kiyA gayA hai, yaha batAne ke liye hama majjhimanikAya ke upAlisutta kA sArAMza nIce dete haiM eka bAra dIrghatapasvI nirgratha buddha ke pAsa gaye / buddha ne prazna kiyA, nirgratha jJAtaputra ( mahAvIra ) ne pApa karmoM ko rokane ke liye kitane daNDoM kA vidhAna kiyA hai? dIrghatapasvI ne uttara diyA, tIna kAyadaNDa, vacodaNDa aura manodaNDa / buddha ne pUchA ina tInoM meM kisako mahAsAvadyarUpa kahA hai? dIrghatapasvI ne kahA kAyadaNDa ko| bAda meM dIrghatapasvI ne buddha se prazna kiyA, Apane kitane daNDoM kA vidhAna kiyA hai ? buddha ne kahA, kAyakamma, vacIkamma aura manokamma; tathA inameM manokamma ko maiM mahAsAvadyarUpa kahatA hU~ / isake pazcAt dIrghatapasvI mahAvIra ke pAsa Aye / mahAvIra ne dIrghatapasvI kA sAdhuvAda kiyA, aura jina zAsana kI prabhAvanA karane ke liye usakI prazaMsA kI / usa samaya vahA~ gRhapati upAli bhI baiThe the| upAli ne mahAvIra se kahA ki Apa mujhe buddha ke pAsa jAne kI anumati deM, maiM unase isa viSaya meM vivAda karU~gA; tathA jaise koI balavAna puruSa bher3a ke bacce ko uThAkara ghumA detA hai, usI taraha maiM bhI buddha ko hilA dUMgA, unako parAsta kara dUMgA / isa para dIrghatapasvI ne mahAvIra se kahA ki, bhagavan ! buddha mAyAvI haiM, ve apane mAyAjAla se anya tIrthikoM

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anekAnta 59/1-2 ko apanA anuyAyI banA lete haiM, ataH Apa upAli ko vahA~ jAne kI anumati na deN| parantu dIrghatapasvI ke kathana kA koI prabhAva nahIM huA, aura upAli buddha se zAstrArtha karane cala diye| upAli buddha se praznottara karate haiM, aura buddha ke anuyAyI ho jAte hai| aba unhoMne apane dvArapAla se kaha diyA ki Aja se nigraMtha aura nigraMthiNiyoM ke liye merA dvAra banda hai, aura aba yaha dvAra maiMne bauddhabhikSu aura bhikSuNiyoM ke liye khola diyA hai| (ajjatagge samma dovArika, AvarAmi dvAraM nigaNThAnaM, nigaNThInaM; anAvaTaM dvAraM bhagavato bhikkhUnaM bhikkhuNInaM, upasakAnAM, upaasikaan)| itanA hI nahIM, upAli ne dvArapAla se kaha diyA ki yadi koI nigraMtha sAdhu Aye to use andara Ane ke liya rokanA, aura kahanA ki upAli Aja se buddha kA anuyAyI ho gayA hai| tathA yadi vaha sAdhu bhikSA mAMge to kahanA ki yahIM Thaharo, tumheM yahI AhAra milegaa| mahAvIra ne yaha saba sunA aura ve svayaM eka dina upAli ke ghara aaye| dvArapAla ne unheM roka diyaa| dvArapAla ne andara jAkara kahA ki nigaMTha nAtaputta apane ziSyoM ko lekara Aye haiM, Apase milanA cAhate haiN| upAli ne unheM Ane diyaa| parantu upAli ne Asana para baiThe-baiThe mahAvIra se kahA 'Asana vidyamAna hai, cAheM to baitthiye|' donoM meM praznottara huA aura upAli ne buddha zAsana ko hI utkRSTa btaayaa| __ isa prakAra ke pAlI sAhitya ke ullekhoM ko par3hakara atyaMta spaSTa hai ki buddha aura mahAvIra kA siddhAMta eka na thA, tathA una donoM meM kevala caryA kA hI aMtara na thaa| rAtribhojana-tyAga Adi do-cAra bAtoM kA sAmya dekha lene mAtra se hI hama jaina aura bauddha dharma ko eka nahIM kaha skte| aise to mahAbhArata Adi meM bhI 'vastrapUtaM jala pibetu'- Adi ullekha milate haiN| upaniSad-sAhitya to jJAna aura tapa ke anuSThAnoM se bharA par3A hai| zatapatha brAhmaNa Adi graMthoM meM jagaha-jagaha varSA Rtu meM eka jagaha rahanA, AhAra kama karanA Adi sAdhucaryA kA vistAra se varNana hai| parantu isakA artha yaha nahIM ki yaha saba jainadharma haiN| hama itanA hI kaha sakate haiM ki yaha saba zramaNa-saMskRti ke cihna haiN| para zramaNa-saMskRti meM jaina

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anekAnta 59/1-2 ke sAtha-sAtha bauddha, AjIvika Adi saMpradAya bhI garbhita hote haiN| jainadharma aura bauddhadharma meM sAmya avazya hai, para ukta bAtoM meM nhiiN| vaha sAmya dUsarI hI bAtoM meM hai| AtmA aura nirvANa-saMbaMdhI bAtoM meM to viSamatA hI hai| udAharaNa ke liye karma siddhAMta jaina aura bauddha kA milatA julatA hai| donoM mahApuruSa guNakarma se hI manuSya ko choTA bar3A mAnate the| donoM hI mahAtmAoM ne sarva sAdhAraNa bhASA meM apanA upadeza diyA thaa| donoM ahiMsA ke Upara jora dete the aura paza-vadhakA ghora virodha karate the| donoM brAhmaNoM ke veda ko na mAnate the| donoM kA dharma nivRtti pradhAna thaa| donoM zramaNa-saMskRti ke aMga hone se eka dUsare ke bahuta pAsa the| kintu donoM kA siddhAMta eka na thaa| mahAvIra AtmavAdI the, buddha anAtmavAdI, mahAvIra kamo "kA kSaya hone se anaMta catuSTaya rUpa mokSa mAnate the, buddha shuunyruup-abhaavruup| mahAvIra kA zAsana tapa-pradhAna thA, buddha kA jnyaanprdhaan| hamArI samajha meM binA soce samajhe aise sAhitya kA sarjana karanA, sAhitya kI hatyA karanA hai| aura eka Azcarya aura hai ki aisA sAhitya jaina samAja meM khapa bhI bahuta jaldI jAtA hai| abhI taka kisI mahAnubhAva ne ukta pustaka ke virodha meM kucha likhA ho, yaha sunane meM nahIM aayaa| abhI sunA hai ki brahmacArI jI ne jainadharma aura arisToTala (arastU) ke viSaya meM kucha likhA hai, aura zAyada arisToTala ko bhI jaina banAne kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| AzA hai isa lekha ke par3hane se pAThakoM meM jainadharma aura bauddhadharma ke tulanAtmaka abhyAsa karane kI kucha abhiruci jAgRta hogii|

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sallekhanA pUrvaka samAdhi maraNa -paM. sanata kumAra, vinoda kumAra jaina darzana meM jahA~ jIvana ko saMyamita/saMtulita banAne kA nirdeza hai, vahA~ maraNa ko bhI suvyavasthita karane kI AjJA dI gaI hai| sukhamaya bhaviSya ke liye jIvana ko jitanA susaMskArita karanA Avazyaka hai utanA hI maraNa ko vyavasthita karanA Avazyaka hotA hai| jaba hama apane jIvana ko anaMta bhava dhAraNa karane para bhI sukhI nahIM banA paaye| taba hamane maraNa ko kaise saphala banA pAyA hogA? yadi eka bAra maraNa samAdhipUrvaka ho jAye to hamArA jIvana sukhamaya ho jaavegaa| eka maraNa ko suvyavasthita karane ke liye hameM jIvana bhara marane kI taiyArI karanI pdd'tii| taba hama saphala samAdhi maraNa kara skeNge| AcAryoM ne bAraha vratoM ke pAlana karane ke uparAnta maraNa ke samaya prItipUrvaka sallekhanA vrata grahaNa karane ko kahA hai| tattvArtha sUtra meM bAraha vratoM ke svarUpa, bhAvanA, aura aticAroM ke sAtha sallekhanA vrata kA bhI varNana kiyA hai| sallekhanA pUrvaka samAdhimaraNa karane ke liye jIvana bhara bAraha vratoM kA pAlana kiyA jAtA hai| anaMtoM bAra maraNa karane para bhI maraNa nahIM chUTA, yadi eka bAra samAdhipUrvaka maraNa ho jAye to maraNa chUTanA nizcita ho jaayegaa| sallekhanA meM zarIra aura kaSAya ko kuza karane kA nirdeza kiyA hai| 'samyakkAyakaSAyalekhanA sallekhanA bhalI prakAra se kAya aura kaSAya kA lekhana karanA sallekhanA hai| likheya'ntasya lekhanA tanukaraNamiti yAvat / / likha dhAtu meM Ni pratyaya karane se lekhanA zabda banatA hai usakA artha tanu karaNa arthAt kRza karanA hai|

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anekAnta 59/1-2 zarIra kI kRzatA ke sAtha kaSAya kI kRzatA anivArya hai ise sAdhanA kI aMtima kriyA kahA jAtA hai| jIvana bhara kie gaye tapa kA saMyama phala nirdoSa, niraticAra samAdhi hai| samAdhi ke aMta samaya jitanI vizuddhi, dRr3hatA, AtmalInatA, rAga dveSanivRti, saMsAra svarUpa kA cintana aura AtmA svarUpa meM hI vicAroM kA kendrita honA hogA samAdhi utanI nirdoSa hogii| mana meM utpanna hone vAle rAga, dveSa, moha, bhaya, zoka Adi vikArI bhAvoM ko mana se dUra karake mana ko atyanta zAnta yA samAdhAna rUpa karake vItarAga bhAvoM ke sAtha saharSa prANa tyAga karane ko samAdhimaraNa kahate haiN| tathAhi vayaNoccAraNa kiriyaM paricattAvIyarAya bhaavenn| jo jhAyadi appANaM parama samAhI have tassa / / saMjama jhAyai appANaM parama samAhi have tss|| arthAta-vacanoccAra kI kriyA parityAga kara vItarAga bhAva se jo AtmA ko dhyAtA hai use parama samAdhi kahate haiN| saMyama niyama aura tapa se tathA dharma dhyAna aura zukla dhyAna se jo AtmA ko dhyAnA vaha parama samAdhi hai| aise cintana pUrvaka samAdhimaraNa karane se bhavoM kA anta hotA hai| ajJAnI zarIra dvArA jIva kA tyAga karate haiM aura jJAnI jIva dvArA zarIra kA tyAga karate haiN| ataH jJAnI jana kA maraNa hI sallekhanA pUrvaka samAdhimaraNa hotA hai| zarIra apavitra aura nAzavAna hai| kintu vaha tapa kA sAdhana hone se bhava samudra ko pAra karane ko naukA ke samAna hai| isake mAdhyama se tapa dhAraNa kara karmo kA saMvara aura nirjarA kara mokSa prApta kiyA jAtA hai| yadi yaha zarIra saMyama tapa Adi kI virAdhanA meM kAraNa banane lage to dharma ke liye zarIra kA tyAga kara denA caahiye| kyoMki zarIra to aneka bAra prApta huA hai aura hogA bhI kintu dharma hamane abhI taka grahaNa nahIM kiyA yadi vaha dharma chUTa gayA to kaba avasara AyegA kahA nahIM jA sakatA hai| zarIra kA anta jAna lene para, zarIra se dharma sAdhana meM bAdhA Ane para sallekhanA grahaNa karanA caahiye|

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96 anekAnta 59 / 1-2 upasarge durbhikSe jarisa rujAyAM ca niH pratikAre / dharmAya tanuvimocanamAhuH sallekhanAmAryA / / pratikAra rahita upasarga, duSkAla, bur3hApA aura roga ke upasthita ho jAne para dharma ke liye zarIra ke chor3ane ko gaNadhara deva sallekhanA kahate haiM / sallekhanA do prakAra se kI jAtI hai-kAya sallekhanA aura kaSAya sallekhanA / AhAra Adi kA zarIra kI sthiti dekhakara krama-krama se tyAga karake zarIra kRza karanA kAya sallekhanA hai aura saMsAra zarIra aura bhogoM se virakta hotA huA jo kaSAyoM ko kRza kiyA jAtA hai vaha kaSAya sallekhanA kahalAtI hai / maraNa prakRti kA zAzvata niyama hai, janma lene vAle kA maraNa nizcita hai / maraNa ke svarUpa kI jAnakArI hone para maraNa ke samaya hone vAlI AkulatA se bacA jA sakatA hai| moha ke kAraNa jIva janma maraNa ke nAma se hI bhayabhIta rahatA hai ata: jJAnI jIva hI maraNa bhaya se rahita hotA hai / svapariNAmopAttasyAyuSaindriyANAMlAnAM ca kAraNavazAt sakSayo maraNaM / / " apane pariNAmoM se prApta huI Ayu kA, indriyoM kA aura mana, vacana, kAya ina tIna baloM kA kAraNa vizeSa milane para nAza honA maraNa hai dUsare prakAra se Ayu karma kA kSaya honA maraNa kahalAtA hai I AyuSaH kSayassa maraNahetutvAt / / 7 Ayu karma ke kSaya ko maraNa kA kAraNa mAnA hai| uparokta maraNa meM naye zarIra ko dhAraNa karane ke liye pUrvazarIra kA naSTa honA tadbhava maraNa kahalAtA hai evaM pratikSaNa Ayu kA kSINa honA nitya maraNa kahalAtA hai / saMyama Adi kI apekSA maraNa ke bhedoM ko anya prakAra se bhI kahA gayA hai| paMDida paMDida maraNaM, paMDidayaM bAla paMDida ceva / vAla maraNaM cautthaM paMca mayaM bAla bAlaM ca / / "

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anekAnta 59/1-2 97 paMDita-paMDita maraNa, paMDita maraNa, bAla paMDita maraNa, bAla maraNa aura bAla bAla maraNa ye maraNa ke pA~ca bheda kahe gaye haiN| inameM prathama tIna maraNa hI prazaMsanIya haiN| prathama paMDita-paMDita maraNa se kevali bhagavAn nirvANa prApta karate haiN| uttama cAritra ke dhArI sAdhuoM ke paMDita maraNa hotA hai| viratAvirata jIvoM ke tIsarA bAla paMDita maraNa hotA hai| bAla maraNa avirata samyak dRSTi ke aura bAla-bAla maraNa mithyAdRSTi ke hotA hai| dUsare paMDita maraNa ke prAyopagamana maraNa, iMgani maraNa aura bhakta pratyAkhyAna yA bhakta pratijJA maraNa ye tIna bheda hote haiN| AhArAdika ke krama se tyAga karake zarIra ko kRza karane kI apekSA tInoM maraNa samAna haiN| inameM zarIra me prati upekSA ke bhAva kA hI antara hai| jo muni na to svayaM apanI sevA karate haiM, aura na hI dUsaroM se sevA, vaiyAvRtti karAte haiN| taNAdi kA saMstara bhI nahIM rakhate, isa prakAra sva para ke upakAra se rahita zarIra se nispRha hokara sthiratA pUrvaka mana ko vizuddha banAkara maraNa ko prApta karate haiN| use prAyopagamana maraNa kahate haiN| jisameM sallekhanAdhArI apane zarIra kI sevA, paricaryA svayaM to karatA hai, para dUsaroM se sevA vaiyAvRti nahIM karAtA use iMgani maraNa kahate haiN| isameM kSapaka svayaM uThegA, svayaM baiThegA aura svayaM lettegaa| isa taraha vaha apanI samasta kriyAyeM svayaM karatA hai| jisa saMnyAsa maraNa meM apane aura dUsaroM ke dvArA kiye gaye upakAra vaiyAvRtti kI apekSA rahatI hai| use bhakta pratyAkhyAna maraNa kahate haiN| bhava kA anta karane yogya saMsthAna aura saMhanana ko prAyogya kahate haiN| ina kI prApti honA prAyopagamana hai| arthAt viziSTa saMhanana va viziSTa saMsthAna vAle hI prAyogya grahaNa karate haiN| sva abhiprAya ko iMgita kahate haiN| apane abhiprAya ke anusAra sthita hokara pravRtti karate haye jo maraNa hotA hai, vaha iMganimaraNa kahalAtA hai| bhakta zabda kA artha AhAra hai aura pratyAkhyAna kA artha tyAga hai jisameM krama se AhArAdi kA tyAga karate huye maraNa kiyA jAtA hai use bhakta pratyAkhyAna maraNa kahate

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 haiM / yadyapi AhAra tyAga uparokta donoM maraNoM meM bhI hotA hai, to bhI isa lakSaNa kA prayoga rUr3hi vaza maraNa vizeSa meM hI kahA gayA hai / 98 bhaktapratyAkhyAna maraNa savicAra aura avicAra ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai - nAnA prakAra ke cAritra kA pAlanA, cAritra meM vihAra karanA vicAra hai / isa vicAra ke sAtha jo vartatA hai vaha savicAra hai| jo gRhastha athavA muni utsAha yA balayukta haiM aura jisakA maraNa kAla sahasA upasthita nahIM huA hai / arthAt jisakA maraNa dIrghakAla ke bAda hogA, aise sAdhu ke maraNa ko savicAra bhaktapratayAkhyAna maraNa kahate haiN| isameM AcArya pada tyAga, para gaNa gamana, sabase kSamA, AlocanA pUrvaka prAyazcita grahaNa vizeSa bhAvanAoM kA cintana, krama pUrvaka AhAra kA tyAga Adi kArya vyavasthita rahate haiN| jinakI sAmarthya nahIM hai, jisakA maraNa kAla sahasA utpanna huA hai, aise parAkrama rahita sAdhu ke maraNa ko avicAra bhaktapratyAkhyAna maraNa kahate haiM / yaha tIna prakAra kA hai / ( 1 ) niruddha (2) niruddhatara (3) parama niddha / rogoM se pIr3ita hone ke kAraNa jinakA jaMghA bala kSINa ho gayA ho, jisase para gaNa meM jAne se asamartha ho ve una muni ke niruddha vicAra bhaktapratyAkhyAna maraNa karate haiN| isake prakAza aura aprakAza do bheda haiN| kSapaka ke manobala arthAt dhairya, kSetrakAla unake bAndhava Adi kA vicAra karake anukUla kAraNoM ke hone para usa maraNa ko prakaTa kiyA jAtA hai vaha prakAza hai| prakaTa na karanA aprakAza I hai / sarpa, agni, vyAghra, bhaiMsA, hAthI, rIcha, zatru, cora mlekSa, mUrchA, tIvrazUla roga Adi se tatkAla maraNa kA prasaMga hone para jaba taka kAya bala zeSa rahatA hai, aura jaba taka tIvra vedanA se citta Akulita nahIM hotA aura pratikSaNa Ayu kA kSINa honA jAnakara apane gaNa ke AcArya ke pAsa apane pUrva doSoM kI AlocanA kara jo maraNa karatA hai vaha niruddhatara AvicAra bhakta pratyAkhyAna maraNa hai / sarpa agni Adi kAraNoM se pIr3ita sAdhu ke zarIra kA bala aura vacana kA bala yadi kSINa ho jAye to parama niruddha avicAra bhaktapratyAkhyAna

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anekAnta 59/1-2 maraNa kahate haiN| apane AyuSya ko zIghra kSINa hotA jAnakara zIghra hI mana meM aha~ta va siddha parameSThI ko dhAraNa karake unase apane doSoM kI AlocanA kare tathA sarva zalya rahita mamatva rahita hokara mokSa prApti ke liye do prakAra kA saMnyAsa dhAraNa karane kA nirdeza prApta hotA hai| asmin deze'vadhau kAle yadi me praannmocnm| tadAstu janmaparyantaM pratyAkhyAnaM caturvidham / / jIviSyAmi kvAcidvAhaM puNyenopadropazamAt / / kariSye pAraNaM nUnaM dharmacAritrasiddhaye / / pahalA sanyAsa isa prakAra dhAraNa karanA cAhie ki isa deza meM itane kAla taka yadi mere prANa nikala jAyeM to mere janma paryanta cAroM prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga hai| dUsare sanyAsa ko isa prakAra dhAraNa karanA cAhiye ki yadi meM apane puNya se isa ghora upadrava se kadAcita baca jAU~gA to maiM dharma aura cAritra kI siddhi ke liye itane kAla ke bAda pAraNA kruuNgaa| isa prakAra sahasA maraNa kAla Ane para apane mana ko vizuddha banAtA huA AhArAdika kA tyAga svayaM bhI kara sakatA hai, kyoMki maraNa kAla meM bhAvoM kI vizuddhi kA hI vizeSa mahatva hotA hai| zrAvakoM ko maraNa kAla meM mahAvrata grahaNa kara lenA cAhiye, jisase pariNAma vizuddha banate haiN| isake liye bhI krama se tyAga karanA caahiye| dhariUNa vatthamettaM pariggahaM chaMDiUNa avasesaM / / sagihe jiNAlaya vA tivihA hArassa vosaraNaM / / vastra mAtra parigraha ko rakha kara aura avaziSTa samasta parigraha ko chor3akara apane hI ghara meM athavA jinAlaya meM rahakara zrAvaka guru ke pAsa meM mana, vacana aura kAya se apanI bhalI prakAra AlocanA karatA hai aura pAnI ke sivAya zeSa tIna prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga karatA hai| zrAvaka anta samaya meM sneha, baira aura parigraha ko chor3akara zuddha hotA huA, priya vacanoM se apane kuTumbiyoM aura naukaroM se kSamA karAte huye Apa bhI saba ko kSamA kre| samasta pApoM kI AlocanA kare aura maraNa paryanta rahane

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anekAnta 59/1-2 100 vAle mahAvratoM ko dhAraNa kre| 12 yadi cAritra mohanIya karma kA udaya rahane se vaha dIkSA grahaNa nahIM kara sakatA to maraNa samaya upasthita hone para saMstara zramaNa ho jAnA cAhiye / yadi yaha bhI zakya na ho to sallekhanA kA anuSThAna karate huye krama se AhAra Adi kA tyAga karanA cAhiye / 13 dhanavAna aura dhana rahita zrAvakoM ko bhI granthoM meM anta samaya ke liye mArga prazasta kiyA gayA hai | tatkartuM guruNA dattaM prAyazcittaM tapo'kSamA / dhanino ye jinAgAre svayaM sarvatra zuddhaye / / dadyurdhanaM sva zaktyA te pare doSAdihAnaye / prAyazcittaM tu kurvantu tapAMsyanazanAdibhiH / / 14 arthAt-samAdhimaraNa ke liye udyata dhanI gRhastha guru ke dvArA diye gaye prAyazcitta tapa ko dhAraNa karane meM asamartha ho to ve svayaM zuddhi ke liye jinAlaya meM dhana kA dAna kareM tathA dUsare loga apanI zuddhi ke liye zakti anusAra anazana, Unodara Adi ke dvArA apane pApoM kI zuddhi kareM / dhana ke prati Asakti kama karane ke lie dhana dAna karane kA nirdeza diyA gayA hai| zrAvakoM ko anta samaya meM mahAvrata avazya dhAraNa karanA cAhiye tabhI zrAvaka dharma kI saphalatA mAnI jAtI hai / zarIra ke antima saMskAra ke samaya tIrthakaroM, gaNadhara devoM, sAmAnya kevilayoM evaM mahAvraniyoM ke zarIra ke antima saMskAra kA hI varNana zAstroM meM milatA hai / ataH pratiphalita hotA hai ki zrAvakoM ko anta samaya meM mahAvratI avazya honA cAhiye / samAdhi maraNa karane vAlA prIti, baira, mamatva aura parigraha ko chor3akara svaccha hRdaya hotA huA madhura vacanoM se kSamA karatA aura karAtA hai; zarIra ko bhAra svarUpa samajhatA hai| kisI prakAra kA zoka nahIM karatA hai, bhUkha pyAsa kI bAdhA sahana hogI ki nahIM yaha soca samApta ho jAtI hai aura krama-krama se AhAra kA tyAga karatA hai / eka sAtha pUrNa AhAra tyAga dene se kSapaka ko AkulatA ho sakatI hai, ataH sallekhanA vidhi karAne vAle niryApakAcArya kSapaka kI zakti ko dekhakara krama se AhAra kA tyAga karAte haiM / prathama kavanAhAra (dAla, cAvala roTI Adi) kA tyAga karAkara

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anekAnta 59/1-2 101 snigdha peya dUdha Adi dete haiN| isake bAda chAcha dekara isakA bhI tyAga karAke mAtra garma jala dete haiN| zakti ke anusAra upavAsa karate huye paMca parameSThI kA smaraNa kara zarIra kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| isa pUrI prakriyA meM sallekhanA karAne vAle AcArya (niryApakAcAya) kI mahatvapUrNa bhUmikA rahatI hai| kyoMki roga kI vedanA, tIvra rAga kA udaya, viSayoM kI liptatA Adi ke samaya mana vicalita hone lagatA hai taba niryApakAcArya apane saMbodhana se kSapaka ke vicAroM meM sthiratA pradAna karate haiN| ataH zreSTha niryApakAcArya honA Avazyaka hai| niryApakAcArya ke ATha guNa kahe gaye haiN| AcArI sUrirAdhArI vyavahArI prakArakaH / AyApAya dRguutpIDI sukhkaaryprisrvH|| __ AcAravAna, AdhAravAna, vyavahAravAna prakAraka (kA), AyApAya, dRga, utapIr3aka aura parisrAvI ina ATha guNoM se sahita niryApakAcArya honA caahiye| kyoMki binA AcArya ke upadeza ke mana kI zuddhi, sthiratA nahIM hotI hai| zarIra ke riSToM se sthiti samajhakara sallekhanA grahaNa kI jAtI hai| kAla kI apekSA sallekhanA uttama, madhyama aura jaghanya ke bheda se tIna prakAra kI hotI hai| utkRSTa bAraha varSa, madhyama kAla ke asaMkhyAta bheda hai| jaghanya kAla antarmuirta hai| utkRSTa bAraha varSa kI sallekhanA meM AhArAdi ke tyAga kA krama nimnAnusAra hai jogehiM vicittehiM dukhavei saMvaccha rANI cttaari| viyaDINi ya jUhittA cattAri puNo vi soseI / / AyaM vilaNi vviyaDI hiMdoNNi AyaM vileNa ekkaM ca / addhaMNA di vigaTTe hiMtado addhaM vigaDhe hiN||16 vicitra prakAra ke kAya klezAdi yoga se cAra varSa pUrNa kareM pazcAt cAra varSa rasa rahita bhojana se zarIra kRza kre| AcAmla (alpAhAra) tathA nIrasa bhojana se do varSa pUrNa kare pazcAt alpAhAra se eka varSa pUrNa

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 I kare / isake bAda chaha mahine anutkRSTa tapa kare aura aMtima chaha mahine utkRSTa tapa kara bAraha varSa pUrNa kare / samAdhi me AcArya ko kSapaka ke bhAvoM kI sthiratA kA vizeSa dhyAna rakhanA par3atA hai| yadi bhAvoM meM koI vikAra A jAve to samAdhi vikRta ho jAtI hai| ataH nirdoSa aura nirvighna samAdhi karane ke liye utkRSTa ar3atAlIsa paricAraka muniyoM kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| madhyama rIti se paricaryA karane vAle sAdhuoM kI saMkhyA cAra cAra kama karate jAnA cAhiye / atyanta nikRSTa meM bharata kSetra meM jaghanya rUpa se do munirAja niryApaka, niryApaka paricAraka pada se grahaNa karanA cAhiye / akelA eka sAdhu samAdhi karAne meM samartha nahIM hotA hai| niryApaka ke binA kSapaka azAnti se mRtyu ko prApta karatA hai ataH bhayAnaka durgati meM jAtA hai| nirdoSa utkRSTa samAdhi meM ar3atAlIsa sAdhuoM kA kArya vibhAjana nimna prakAra se kiyA jAtA hai - cAra muni AhAra lAte haiN| cAra muni peya padArtha lAte haiN| cAra muni AhAra pAna kA rakSaNa karate haiM cAra muni kSapaka ke mala mUtra ko sApha karate haiN| evaM sUryodaya aura sUryAsta ke samaya vasatikA, upakaraNa aura saMstara Adi kA zodhana karate haiM : cAra muni vasatikA ke dvAra kA aura cAra muni samavazaraNa ( sabhA-sthAna) ke dvAra kA prayatnapUrvaka rakSaNa karate haiN| cAra muni upadeza maNDapa kA rakSaNa karate haiN| cAra muni kSapaka ke pAsa rAtri jAgaraNa karate haiN| cAra muni nivAsa sthAna ke bAhya kSetra kI zubhAzubha vArtA kA nirIkSaNa karate haiN| cAra muni zrotAoM ko upadeza dete haiM cAra muni vAda-vivAda karane vAloM ke sAtha vAdavivAda karake siddhAnta kA rakSaNa karate haiM / cAra muni rAja dharma kathA karane vAloM kA rakSaNa karate haiM / arthAt barAbara vyavasthA banAye rakhane ko idhara-udhara ghUmate rahate haiM / isa prakAra utkRSTataH ar3atAlIsa paricAraka muni saMsAra samudra se prayANa karane vAle kSapaka ko ratnatraya pUrvaka samAdhi meM lagAye rahate haiM / kintu kSapaka ko pratyAkhyAna, pratikramaNa, prAyazcita, upadeza, tIna prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga evaM prazna 102

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anekAnta 59/1-2 100 Adi karane kA kArya niryApakAcArya hI karate haiN|" kSapaka ko rogAdi se mukti ke liye jina vacana hI auSadhi haiM aisA upadeza dekara jina dharma meM dRr3hatA karake ArAdhanAoM kI ArAdhanA meM lInatA pradAna kI jAtI hai| jo kSapaka samyak darzana, samyak jJAna, samyak cAritra aura samyak tapa kI utkRSTa ArAdhanA karate haiM ve usI bhava se siddhatva prApta karate haiN| madhyama ArAdhanA karane vAle dhIra vIra puruSa tIna bhava meM karma rahita avasthA arthAt mokSa prApta karate haiN| jaghanya ArAdhanA karane vAle sAta janmoM meM siddha avasthA prApta kara lete haiN| samAdhi kI anumodanA karane vAle aura kSapaka ke darzana karane vAle bhI samAdhi pUrvaka maraNa kara nikaTa bhava meM siddhatva prApta karate haiN| sallekhanA manuSya bhava kI sarvotkRSTa upalabdhi hai| saMdarbha sUcI 1. savArtha siddhi -7/22, 2. rAja vArtika -7/22/3, 3. samAdhi maraNotsAha dIpaka-1, 4. niyamasAra -122-123, 5. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra 5/1, 6. savArtha siddhi 7/22, 7. dhavalA 1.1.1.33, 8. bhagavatI ArAdhanA 26, 9. bhagavatI ArAdhanA 2011 se 2024, 10. mUlAcAra pradIpa 2819-2820, 11. vasunaMdi zrAvakAcAra 271, 12. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra 5/4, 13. sAvaya pannati 378, 14. samAdhi maraNotsAha dIpaka 35, 15. maraNa kaNDikA 433, 16. bhagavatI ArAdhanA 258, 259, 17. samAdhi dIpaka 21.22 pR. -1 -mu.po.- rajavaoNsa jilA-sAgara (ma.pra.)

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Ayurveda ke graMthoM kI racanA prakriyA meM jaina manISiyoM kA yogadAna -AyurvedAcArya rAjakumAra jaina jinAgama paramparA meM Ayurveda ko laukika vidyA ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai aura use 'prANAvAya' saMjJA se vyavahRta kiyA gayA hai| jaina dharmAnusAra sampUrNa jinAgama dvAdazAMga rUpa athavA dvAdazAMga meM vibhakta hai| sarvajJa jinendra deva (parameSThI) ke mukhAravinda se mukharita divya dhvani ko sampUrNa zrutajJAna ke dhAraka gaNadhara dvArA jaba dhAraNa kiyA gayA to jJAna rUpa vaha divya dhvani bAraha bhedoM meM vibhakta huI jise AcArAMga Adi ke rUpa meM nirUpita kiyA gyaa| isa prakAra gaNadhara dvArA nirUpita jJAna rUpa Agama ke bAraha bhedoM ko dvAdazAMga kI saMjJA dI gii| una dvAdazAMgoM meM prathama 'AcArAMga' hai aura bArahavAM 'dRSTivAdAMga' hai| usa bArahaveM dRSTivAdAMga ke pAMca bheda haiM jinameM se eka bheda hai 'pUrva' yA 'puurvgt'| usa 'pUrva' (pUrvagata) ke caturdaza bheda haiM jinameM eka (bArahavA) prANAvAya nAma kA bheda hai| dvAdazAMga ke isI 'prANAvAya' nAmaka aMga meM sampUrNa aSTAMga Ayurveda kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| rAjavArtika meM 'prANAvAya' kA svarUpa nimna prakAra se varNita hai"kAyacikitsAdyaSTAMgamAyurvedaH bhUtikarmajAMguliprakramaH prANApAnavibhAgo'pi yatra vistareNa vrnnitsttpraannaavaaym|" arthAt jisa zAstra meM kAya, tadgata doSa aura cikitsA Adi aSTAMga Ayurveda kA varNana vistAra pUrvaka kiyA gayA ho, pRthvI Adi mahAbhUtoM kI kriyA, viSaile prANiyoM aura unake viSa kI cikitsA Adi tathA prANa-apAna kA vibhAga jisameM vistAra pUrvaka varNita ho vaha 'prANAvAya' hai|

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 gommaTasAra ( jIvakANDa) kI jIvatatvapradIpikA saMskRta chAyA nimna prakAra hai- prANAnAM AvAdaH prarUpaNamasminniti prANAvAyaM dvAdazaM pUrvaM, tacca kAyacikitsAdyaSTAMgamAyurvedabhUtikarmajAMgulikaprakramaM ilApiMgalAsuSumnAdibahuprakAraprANApAnavibhAgaM dazaprANAnAM upakArakadravyANi gatyAdyanusAreNa varNayati / tatra dvilakSaguNitapaMcAzaduttaraSaTchatAni padAni trayodazakoTaya ityarthaH / arthAt prANoM kA AvAda - kathana jisameM hai vaha 'prANAvAda' nAmaka bArahavAM pUrva hai / vaha kAyacikitsA Adi aSTAMga Ayurveda, jananakarma, jAMguli prakrama, Ir3A - piMgalA- suSumnA Adi aneka prakAra ke prANa - apAna ( zvAsocchvAsa) ke vibhAga tathA daza prANoM ke upakAraka - apakAraka dravya kA gati Adi ke anusAra varNana karatA hai / usameM do lAkha se guNita chaha sau pacAsa arthAt teraha karor3apada haiN| 105 isa prakAra dvAdazAMga meM Ayurveda kA pratipAdana hone se jaina dharma meM prANAvAya ke rUpa meM Ayurveda kI prAmANikatA suspaSTa hai| jina AcAryoM, manISiyoM evaM vidvatpravaroM ke dvArA prANAvAya ko adhikRta kara vizAla sAhitya ke rUpa meM jo vipula graMthoM kI racanA kI gaI unameM se vartamAna meM jo upalabdha sAhitya yA graMtha haiM / unakA avalokana karane se pratIta hotA hai ki prANAvAya kI adyAvadhika vikAsa yAtrA meM aneka utAracar3hAva rUpAtmaka parivartana Ae haiN| vartamAna meM hamAre samakSa prANAvAya paramparA kA eka mAtra pratinidhi graMtha 'kalyANa kAraka' hai jisakI racanA AThavIM zatAbdI ke anta meM digambara AcArya zrI ugrAditya ne kI thI / yahI ekamAtra aisA graMtha hai jisameM prANAvAya kI prAcIna paramparA aura usa paramparA ke antargata katipaya AcAryoM aura unake dvArA likhita graMthoM kA ullekha milatA hai| isake pUrva yA bAda kA aisA koI prAmANika graMtha upalabdha nahIM hai jo prANAvAya ke samabandha meM AdhikArika rUpa se prakAza DAlatA ho / ataH isase yaha spaSTa hai ki prANavAya pUrva ( jainAyurveda) kI prAcIna paramparA madhya yuga se pUrva hI lupta ho cukI thI /

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106 anekAnta 59/1-2 ___yadyapi madhya yuga se pUrva ke do manISI AcAryoM zrI samantabhadra svAmI (dvitIya zatAbdI) aura zrI pUjyapAda svAmI (caturtha zatAbdI) ke dvArA Ayurveda ke granthoM kI racanA kie jAne kA ullekha aura kucha apUrNa jAnakArI milatI hai jisakI carcA Age ina AcAryoM sambandhI prakaraNa meM kI jAyegI, kintu vartamAna meM ina donoM AcAryoM dvArA likhita koI bhI graMtha abhI taka prakAza meM nahIM AyA hai| ataH yaha kaha pAnA sambhava nahIM hai ki dvitIya-caturtha zatAbdI meM prANAvAya kI paramparA vidyamAna rahI hai| kintu itanA avazya hai ki zrI samantabhadra svAmI dvArA viracita Ayurveda ke aSTAMgoM se yukta koI graMtha (sambhavavataH aSTAMga saMgraha) zrI ugrAdityAcArya (AThavIM zatAbdI) ke samaya meM avazya hI vidyamAna rahA hogA jisake AdhAra para kalyANakAraka graMtha kI racanA kie jAne kA spaSTa ullekha zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne kiyA hai jo nimna prakAra hai - aSTAMgamapyakhilatra samantabhadraiH proktaM savistaravaco vibhavairvizeSAt / saMkSepato nigaditaM tadihAtmazaktyA kalyANakArakamazeSapadArthayuktam / / ____ arthAt zrI samantabhadrasvAmI dvArA vANI vaibhava kI vizeSatA se vistArapUrvaka aSTAMga se yukta sampUrNa Ayurveda zAstra kA kathana kiyA gayA thaa| use hI apanI zakti ke anusAra samasta padArthoM (viSayoM) se yukta yaha kalyANa kAraka graMtha saMkSepa rUpa se mere dvArA kahA gyaa| ___ madhyayuga meM bhI kalyANakAraka graMtha kI racanA ke atirikta kisI anya sarvAMgapUrNa graMtha kI racanA kA saMketa nahIM milane se yaha spaSTa hai ki madhya yuga meM prANAvAya paramparA kA hrAsa hotA gayA aura kAlAntara meM usakA lopa bhI ho gyaa| yadyapi isa paramparA ke lupta hone ke aneka kAraNa ho sakate haiM, tathApi mukhya kAraNa ajJAta hai| sambhAvita kAraNoM meM jaise vaidyaka vidyA (cikitsA zAstra) ko jaina dharma meM eka laukika vidyA ko sIkhanA aura usakA abhyAsa karanA niSprayojana hone se graMtha racanA karanA sambhava nahIM thA, kyoMki ve satata bhramaNa zIla rahate the| eka sthAna para Thahara kara rahanA unake lie sambhava nahIM thA, ve eka sthAna

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anekAnta 59/1-2 107 se dUsare sthAna ke lie vihAra karate rahate the| zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM kI cikitsA karanA unheM abhISTa nahIM thA, kyoMki isase unameM moha utpanna hone aura parigraha vRtti bar3hane kI prabala sambhAvanA rahatI thii| apanI yA apane saMghastha sAdhu yA sAdhvI kI cikitsA karane kI anumati yadyapi unheM thI, kintu cikitsA hetu auSadhi dravya ke lie unheM anya mukhApekSI honA par3atA thaa| auSadhi dravya kI zuddhatA azuddhatA kA vicAra bhI unake lie mahatvapUrNa thA, kyoMki bAhara se lAyA gayA aisA koI bhI dravya jisakI zuddhatA evaM grAhyatA sandigdha ho jaina sAdha ke lie varjanIya hotA hai| pariNAmasvarUpa isa viSaya (vidyA) kI niSprayojanIyatA evaM isake prati arUci hone se jaina sAdhuoM dvArA isa vidyA ke adhyayana adhyApana kA lopa ho gayA aura lopa ho gayA prANAvAya paramparA kaa| jaina sAdhuoM-muniyoM kI saMyamazIlatA aura AcaraNa kI zuddhatA nirvivAda hai| isase ve niroga aura vyAdhikaSTa se mukta rahate haiM aura isIlie unheM auSadhi sevana yA auSadhi prayoga kI AvazyakatA kA anubhava nahIM hotaa| sambhavataH yaha bhI eka kAraNa hai jisase unheM prANAvAya ke graMtha praNayana se virakti huii| isake atirikta Atma sAdhanA meM rata jaina sAdhuoM, zrAvakoM evaM dharmAnurAgiyoM ko mukhyataH adhyAtma vidyA hI abhISTa rahI hai jisase unakA AtmakalyANa sambhava thA, ataH usI ora mukhyarUpa se unakA lakSya rhaa| aisA hote hue bhI jo sandarbha prApta hote haiM unase yaha jJAta hotA hai ki aneka jaina manISiyoM ne prANAvAya (jainAyurveda) AdhArita graMthoM kI racanA kI thI jinameM se adhikAMza vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM haiM aura jo upalabdha haiM bhI, ve apane uddhAra kI pratIkSA kara rahe haiN| sambhava hai ve bhI pratIkSA karate karate kAla kavalita nahIM ho jaaveN| isa viSaya meM zrI samantabhadra svAmI evaM zrI pUjyapAda svAmI dvArA racita graMthoM kI saMkSipta carcA pUrva meM kI jA cukI hai| yahAM yaha ullekha karanA bhI mahatvapUrNa hogA ki dakSiNa bhArata meM phira bhI IsA kI AThavIM zatI taka prANAvAya

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 ke graMthoM kI jAnakArI prApta hotI hai, kintu uttara bhArata meM to prANAvAya se sambandhita eka bhI graMtha vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM hai| isase aisA pratIta hotA hai ki uttara bhArata meM yaha paramparA bahuta pahale hI vilupta ho cukI thI / kintu itanA avazya hai ki IsA kI bArahavIM - terahavIM zatAbdI meM kucha munijanoM aura jaina yatiyoM ke dvArA AyurvedAdhArita graMthoM kI racanA kI gaI thI / kintu ve graMtha prANAvAya paramparAdhArita nahIM ho kara sAmAnya AyurvedAdhArita haiM, kyoMki unameM prANAvAya kA ullekha kahIM bhI kisI bhI rUpa meM dRSTigata nahIM hotA hai / jisa prakAra Ayurveda ke anya sAmAnya graMthoM meM vibhinna rogoM kA nidAna, lakSaNa, cikitsA Adi kA varNana prApta hotA hai usI prakAra jaina yatiyoM ke dvArA racita graMthoM meM bhI prApta hotA hai / kucha graMthoM meM cikitsA yogoM kI bahulatA avazya milatI hai| ina graMthoM meM kucha to maulika haiM aura kucha saMgraha graMtha haiN| kucha graMthoM para yatiyoM dvArA likhI gaI TIkAeM bhI prApta hotI haiM jo saMskRta athavA dezI (prAntIya) bhASA meM hai| kucha graMtha padyamaya bhASAnuvAda ke rUpa meM haiM / 108 vartamAna meM upalabdha samagra jaina vaidyaka vAGmaya kA anuzIlana karane se yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki kevala kalyANakAraka ko chor3akara anya samasta vaidyaka graMthoM kA praNayana madhya yuga meM (IzavIya 12vIM zatAbdI se 19vIM zatAbdI taka) kiyA gayA / sthAna vizeSa yA pradeza kI dRSTi se dekha jAya to adhikAMza jaina vaidyakagraMthoM kA praNayana pazcimI bhArata, jaise rAjasthAna, gujarAta, kaccha, saurASTra meM vizeSataH huaa| pazcimottara bhArata ke paMjAba prAnta meM bhI jaina vaidyaka graMthoM kI racanA kie jAne kI jAnakArI prApta huI hai, kintu usakI upalabdhatA nahIM hone se nizcita rUpa se kucha kaha pAnA sambhava nahIM haiM isI prakAra karnATaka meM bhI kannar3a, prAkRta aura saMskRta bhASA meM racita aneka graMthoM ke vibhinna zAstra bhaNDAroM, maThoM meM rakhe hone kI jAnakArI prApta huI hai / jina jainAcAryoM dvArA prANAvAya yA jainAyurveda ke graMthoM kI racanA

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 kie jAne kA ullekha yA saMdarbha prApta hotA hai unakA aura unake yogadAna kA saMkSipta varNana yahAM prastuta hai | zrI samantabhadra 'prANAvAya' pUrva kI paramparA meM zrI samantabhadra svAmI kA nAma agraNI hai, kyoMki unase pUrva kisI anya muni yA AcArya kA ullekha prApta nahIM hotA hai jisane prANAvAya paramparA ke kisI graMtha kI racanA kI ho / vibhinna vidvAnoM ne zrI samantabhadra svAmI ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva para paryApta prakAza DAlA hai, ataH yahAM para kevala unakI prANAvAya yA Ayurveda sambandhI kRtiyoM - graMthoM para prakAza DAlA jA rahA hai / prANAvAya sambandhI nimna tIna graMthoM kI racanA unake dvArA kie jAne kA saMketa yA saMdarbha prApta hotA hai - - 109 - 1. aSTAMga saMgraha Ayurveda ke ATha aMgoM (zalya taMtra, zAlAkya taMtra, kAya cikitsA, bhUta vidyA, agadataMtra, kaumArabhRtya, rasAyana taMtra aura bAjIkaraNa) kA vistAra pUrvaka nirUpaNa karane vAlAyaha eka sarvAMga pUrNa graMtha thA jisake AdhAra para jinamata kA anusaraNa karate hue zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne apane 'kalyANa kAraka' graMtha kI racanA kI thii| isa Azaya kA kathana svayaM zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne apane kalyANa kAraka graMtha me kiyA hai jo pUrva meM uddhRta kiyA jA cukA hai / - 2. siddhAnta rasAyana kalpa isa graMtha kA ullekha zrI vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI (solApura) ne kalyANakAraka graMtha kI prastAvanA meM kiyA hai / isa graMtha ke kucha zloka bhI unhoMne uddhRta kara graMtha ke mahatva ko rekhAMkita kiyA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki isa graMtha kA avalokana unhoMne svayaM kiyA thA / kintu yaha ajJAta hai ki yaha graMtha unhoMne kahAM aura kisake pAsa dekhA hai? ataH isa viSaya meM yadi gambhIratA pUrvaka anveSaNa kiyA jAya to etadviSayaka mahatvapUrNa jAnakArI prApta ho sakatI hai / isa graMtha ke vaiziSTya ke viSaya meM kalyANakAraka graMtha kI prastAvanA dekheM / 3. puSpAyurveda - isakA ullekha bhI zrI vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI

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110 anekAnta 59/1-2 dvArA 'kalyANakAraka' graMtha kI prastAvanA meM kiyA gayA hai| isa graMtha meM aThAraha hajAra parAgarahita puSpoM se nirmita rasAyana auSadhi prayogoM ke viSaya meM batalAyA gayA hai| zrI vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI ne isa graMtha ke viSaya meM nimna prakAra se prakAza DAlA hai - "isa puSpAyurveda graMtha meM kri. yU. 3re zatamAna kI karnATaka lipi upalabdha hotI hai jo bahuta muzkila se bAMcane meM AtI hai| itihAsa saMzodhako ke lie yaha eka apUrva va upayogI viSaya hai| aThAraha hajAra jAti ke kevala puSpoM ke prayogoM kA hI jisameM kathana ho usa graMtha kA mahatva kitanA hogA yaha bhI pAThaka vicAra kreN| abhI taka puSpAyurveda kA nirmANa jainAcAryoM ke sivAya aura kisI ne bhI nahIM kiyA hai| Ayurveda saMsAra meM yaha eka adbhuta cIja hai| zrI samantabhadra svAmI dvArA racita uparyukta Ayurveda ke tInoM graMthoM kI ora abhI taka kisI anya vidvAna yA sAhityAnurAgI kA dhyAna nahIM gayA hai aura na hI unake dvArA racita graMthoM kI sUcI meM ina kA samAveza kiyA hai| kahIM aisA na ho ki hamArI udAsInatA zrI samantabhadra svAmI dvArA racita ina mahatvapUrNa graMthoM ko kAlakavalita kara de| 2. pUjyapAda (devanandi) digambara paramparA ke manISiyoM - AcAryoM meM zrI pUjyapAda svAmI kA nAma atyanta zraddhApUrvaka liyA jAtA hai| darzana zAstra, tarka vidyA, vyAkaraNa, vaidyaka zAstra, yogazAstra ke praNetA ke rUpa meM vizruta AcArya zrI pUjyapAda svAmI jaina vAD.maya aura jina dharma ke nabho maNDala ke dedIpyamAna nakSatra haiN| vibhinna jaina zAstroM evaM itihAsa graMthoM meM unake vaidUSya ke viSaya meM paryApta prakAza DAlA gayA hai| yahAM kevala unake dvArA Ayurveda ke prati kie gae yogadAna para prakAza DAlA jA rahA hai - prApta vivaraNa yA sUcanA ke anusAra zrI pUjyapAda svAmI ne 'kalyANa kAraka' nAmaka vaidyaka graMtha kA nirmANa kiyA thA jisakI puSTi kannar3a

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anekAnta 59/1-2 11 bhASA evaM saMskRti ke manISI vidvAna jainAcArya jagaddala somanAtha ne kI hai| unhoMne pUjyapAda svAmI dvArA likhita kalyANakAraka graMtha kA kannar3a meM anuvAda evaM lipyantaraNa kiyA thaa| isase spaSTa hai ki yaha graMtha kitanA mahatvapUrNa hai? prastuta graMtha meM pIThikA prakaraNa, paribhASA prakaraNa, paribhASA prakaraNa, SoDazajvara cikitsA nirUpaNa prakaraNa Adi kA pratipAdana vistAra se kiyA gayA hai| kannar3a bhASA ke prAcIna vaidyaka graMthoM meM yaha graMtha sarvAdhika prAcIna evaM vyavasthita hai| pUjyapAda svAmI aura unake kalyANa kAraka graMtha kI carcA karate hue eka sthAna para vidvatpravara jagaddala somanAtha ne spaSTa likhA hai - sukara tAnene pUjyapAdamunigalamuMpelada kalyANakArakarma vAhaTasiddhasAracarakAdyutkRSTatama sadaguNAdhikarma varjitamadyamAMsamadhuvaM karNATadi lokarakSamA citramadAge citrakavi somaM peldani talitayiM / / isake atirikta AcArya vijayaNNa upAdhyAya dvArA likhita (saMkalita) 'sArasaMgraha' nAmaka eka graMtha kI prati jaina siddhAMta bhavana, ArA meM surakSita hai| isa graMtha meM jo maMgalAcaraNa diyA gayA hai usameM spaSTa rUpa se pUjyapAda dvArA kathita (likhita) kalyANakAraka graMtha kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| jisase isa tathya kI puSTi hotI hai ki pUjyapAda svAmI ne kalyANa kAraka nAmaka graMtha kI racanA kI thii| sArasaMgraha meM vihita maMgalAcaraNa nimna prakAra hai - namaH zrIvardhamAnAya nirdhUta klilaatmne| kalyANakArako graMthaH pUjyapAdena bhaassitH|| sarvalokopakArArtha kathyate saarsNgrhH| zrI pUjyapAda dvArA likhita Ayurveda ke anya aneka graMthoM kA ullekha milatA hai jinameM se kucha nimna haiM- ratnAkarauSadha yoga graMtha, bhaiSajyaguNArNava, vaidyasAra, nidAnamuktAvali, madana kAmaratna,vidyAvinoda, pUjyapAda vaidyaka, vaidyaka zAstra, nAr3I parIkSA aadi| Ayurveda ke prasiddha

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112 anekAnta 59/1-2 graMtha 'yogaratnAkara' meM pUjyapAda ke nAma se cikitsopayogI aneka rasayogoM ko uddhRta kiyA gayA hai jisase pUjyapAda dvArA racita rasazAstra pradhAna kisI vizAla cikitsA graMtha ke hone kA saMketa milatA hai| isI prakAra 'vasavarAjIyam' nAmaka graMtha meM bhI pUjyapAda ke nAma se anake rasayoga uddhRta kie gae haiN| jaise bhramaNAdi vAta roga meM 'gaMdhaka rasAyana' nAmaka yoga ke anta meM likhA hai - azItivAtarogAMzcAzAMsyaSTavidhAni c| manuSyANAM hitArthAya pUjyapAdena nirmitH|| isI prakAra kAlAgnirudra rasa ke pATha meM bhI pUjyapAda ke nAma kA ullekha nimna prakAra se kiyA gayA hai - azIti vAtajAn rogAn gulmaM ca grhnniigdaan| rasaH kAlAgnirUdro'yaM puujypaadvinirmitH|| isake atirikta vAtAdi rogoM meM 'trikaTukAdi nasya' ke pATha meM "pUjyapAdakRto yogo narANAM hatakAmyayA", jvarAMkuza rasa ke pATha meM "pUjyapAdopadiSTo'yaM srvjvrgjaaNkushH|" caNDabhAnurase- "nAmnAyaM caNDabhAnuH sakalagadaharo bhASita puujypaadaiH| zophamudgara rase "zophamudgaranAmA'yaM pUjyapAdena nirmitaH" ityaadi| yadi ina samasta yogoM kA saMkalana kiyA jAya to eka vRhad graMtha kA nirmANa ho sakatA hai| gummaTa deva munikRta merUdaNDa taMtra ___ zrI gummaTa deva muni ne 'merUdaNDa taMtra' nAmaka graMtha kA nirmANa kiyA thA jisameM AyurvedIya cikitsA sambandhI rasa yogoM kA ullekha hai| isa graMtha meM lekhaka ne zrI pUjyapAda svAmI kA Adara pUrvaka smaraNa evaM ullekha kiyA hai| vartamAna meM yaha graMtha upalabdha nahIM hai| zrI vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI ne 'kalyANakArakaH graMtha ke apane sampAdakIya vaktavya meM pRSTa 39 para isakA ullekha kiyA hai| isake atiriktazrI vijayaNNa upAdhyAya dvArA

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anekAnta 59/1-2 113 racita 'sArasaMgraha' (apara nAma-akalaMka saMhitA) meM pRSTa 33 se gummaTa deva muni kRta 'merUdaNDataMtra' ke nAr3I parIkSA, jvara nidAna Adi aneka prakaraNa saMkalita kie gae haiN| isa ke pratyeka pariccheda ke anta meM pUjyapAda kA sammAnapUrvaka nAmollekha kiyA gayA hai| ___ DA. rAjendraprakAza bhaTanAgara ke anusAra gommaTa deva ne apane 'merUtaMtra' nAmaka vaidyaka graMtha meM pUjyapAda ko apanA gurU batalAte hue unake 'vaidyAmRta' nAmaka graMtha kA ullekha nimna paMktiyoM meM kiyA hai - siddhAntasya ca vedino jinamate jainendrapANinya c| kalpavyAkaraNAya te bhagavate devyaaliyaaraadhipaa(?)|| zrI jainendravacassudharasavaraiH vaidyAmRto dhaaryte| zrI pAdAsya sadA namo'stu gurave zrI pUjyapAdau muneH|| isase do bAteM spaSTa haiM ki zrI gummaTa deva muni zrI pUjyapAda svAmI ko apanA gurU mAnate the aura unake dvArA 'vaidyAmRta' nAmaka graMtha kI racanA kI gaI thI jo vartamAna meM dRSTigamya nahIM hai| zrI vijayaNNa upAdhyAya kRta sArasaMgraha isa graMtha kI eka prati jaina siddhAnta bhavana ArA meM vidyamAna hai jisakI graMtha saMkhyA 255 kha hai| isa graMtha kA ullekha paM. ke bhujabalI zAstrI dvArA sampAdita 'prazasti saMgraha' tathA "jaina siddhanta bhAskara", bhAga-6 kiraNa-2 meM prazasti ke antargata kiyA gayA hai| zrI paM. ke. bhujabalI zAstrI dvArA die gae vivaraNa ke anusAra yaha graMtha rAjakIya prAcya pustakAgAra, maisUra se lipibaddha karAyA gayA hai| vahAM kI mudrita graMtha tAlikA meM graMtha kA nAma akalaMka saMhitA aura kartA kA nAma akalaMka bhaTTa likhA milatA hai| kintu isakA koI AdhAra najara nahIM aataa| graMtha meM ullikhita nimna zlokoM se spaSTa hai ki isa graMtha kA nAma sArasaMgraha hai aura isake kartA zrI madvijayaNNopAdhyAya hai -

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114 anekAnta 59/1-2 namaH zrI vardhamAnAya nirdhuutklilaatmne| kalyANakArako graMthaH pUjyapAdena bhaassitH|| sarvalokopakArArtha kathyate sAra sNgrhH| zrI madvAgbhaT suzrutAdi vimala zrI vaidyaarnnve| bhAsvatasusArasaMgraha mahA bhAmAnvite saMgrahe / / mNtrjnyairplaalpsdvijynnnnopaadhyaaysnnirmite| graMdhe'smin madhupAkasAravicaye pUrNo bhavenmaMgalam / / AyurvedAcArya zrI paM. vimalakumAra jaina kA bhI kahanA hai ki bundelakhaNDa meM bhI mujhe isakI eka do pratiyAM dRSTigocara huI haiM aura una pratiyoM meM isakA nAma 'sArasaMgraha' hI milatA hai| pAtrasvAmI yA pAtrakezarI zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne apane graMtha kalyANakAraka meM "zalyataMtra ca pAtrasvAmiproktaM" (ka.kA. 20/85) ityAdi vAkya ke dvArA inake dvArA racita zalya tantra sambandhI graMtha kA ullekha kiyA hai| yaha graMtha vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM hai| inake viSaya meM kahA gayA hai ki ye dakSiNa ke ahicchatra nagara ke rAja purohita the| ye samantabhadra dvArA racita AptamImAMsA ko par3hakara atyadhika prabhAvita hue aura inhoMne jainadharma aMgIkAra kara liyaa| ye digambara the aura bauddhoM ke dvArA pratipAdita hetu ke lakSaNa kA khaNDana karane ke lie inhoMne padmAvatI devI kI kRpA se 'trilakSaNakadarthana' nAmaka graMtha kI racanA kI thii| jinendraguNastuti (pAtrakesarI stotra) bhI inhIM ke dvArA racita hai| jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, bhAga-1, pRSTa 103 ke anusAra zravaNabelagolA kI malliSeNa prazasti (san 128) meM isa prasaMga kA nimna ullekha yA sandarbha kalyANakAraka ke atirikta kahIM anyatra prApta nahIM hotA hai| kalyANakAraka graMtha meM uddhRta AcArya - kalyANakAraka graMtha meM zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne apane pUrvavartI katipaya

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 AcAryoM aura unake dvArA racita graMthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai jo nimna prakAra hai - zAlAkyaM pUjyapAdaprakaTitamadhikaM zalyamataMtra ca pAtra svAmiproktaM viSogragrahazamanavidhiH siddhasenaiH prasiddhaH / kAye yA sA cikitsA dazarathagurUbhirmeghanAdaiH zizUnAM vaidyaM vRSyaM ca divyAmRtamapi kathitaM siMhanAdairmunIndraiH / / arthAt zAlAkyataMtra (urdhvAMga cikitsA) pUjyapAda ke dvArA prakaTa kiyA gayA / tadvat zalyataMtra pAtrasvAmi ke dvArA kahA gayA, viSa aura ugra graha zamana vidhi ( agadataMtra evaM bhUta vidyA) khyAti prApta siddhasena dvArA kahA gayA, kAyacikitsA kA kathana dazaratha gurU ke dvArA kiyA gayA, zizu cikitsA (kaumArabhRtya ) kA kathana meghanAda evaM divyAmRta (rasAyana) aura vRSya (bAjIkaraNa) kA kathana siMhanAda munIndra (muni zreSTha ) dvArA kiyA gayA / . 115 - uparyuktAnusAra jina AcAryoM kA ullekha zrI ugrAdityAcArya dvArA kiyA gayA hai unakA koI aitihAsika varNana yadyapi prApta nahIM hotA hai, tathApi unake dvArA vibhinna vaidyaka viSayoM para AdhArita graMtha racanA kie jAne kA ullekha zrI ugrAdityAcArya dvArA kie jAne se yaha spaSTa hai ki unake samaya meM yA to ve graMtha vidyamAna rahe hoMge athavA unake viSaya meM paryApta jAnakarI unheM rahI hogI / uparyullikhita AcAryoM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa yahAM prastuta hai siddhasena zrI ugrAdityAcArya ke uparyukta ullekha "viSogragrahazamanavidhiH siddhasenaiH prasiddhaiH" se jJAta hotA hai ki AcArya siddhasena ke dvArA agadataMtra (viSa vijJAna ) evaM ugra graha zamana ( bhUtavidyA) viSaya para AdhArita graMtha kA nirmANa kiyA thA jo vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM hai aura na hI tadviSayaka koI sAkSya yA saMketa anyatra upalabdha hai| inake viSaya

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116 anekAnta 59/1-2 meM kisI aitihAsika sandarbha ke abhAva meM yadyapi koI kAla nirdhAraNa karanA sambhava nahIM hai, tathApi ye zrI ugrAdityAcArya ke pUrvavartI rahe hoMge aura unake dvArA racita graMtha unake samaya meM rahA hogaa| meghanAda ye bhI ugrAdityAcArya dvArA sandarbhita yA ullikhita AcArya haiM jinake dvArA zizu vaidyaka jise bAla roga cikitsA yA kaumAra mRtya kahA jAtA hai viSaya para AdhArita vaidyaka graMtha kI racanA kie jAne kA ullekha hai| yadyapi inake viSaya meM koI sAkSya yA aitihAsika vivaraNa upalabdha nahIM hai, ataH inake viSaya meM kucha kaha pAnA yA inake samaya kA nirdhAraNa karanA sambhava nahIM hai, tathApi kalyANakAraka meM inakA ullekha hone se ye zrI ugrAdityAcArya ke pUrvavartI rahe haiM-aisA mAnanA samIcIna hogaa| DA. rAjendra prakAza bhaTanAgara ke anusAra ye dakSiNa kI digamvara paramparA ke AcArya aura vaidyaka zAstra ke vidvAna the| siMhanAda jaina sAhitya ke itihAsa meM inake viSaya meM koI paricayAtmaka sAmagrI athavA aitihAsika vivaraNa sulabha nahIM hone se nizcayAtmaka rUpa se inake viSaya meM kucha kahanA sambhava nahIM hai| phira bhI inake dvArA Ayurveda ke do viSayoM rasAyana aura bAjIkaraNa para graMtha likhe jAne kI AdhikArika sUcanA zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne apane graMtha 'kalyANakAraka' meM dI hai jo isa prakAra hai-"vRSyaM ca divyAmRtamapi kathitaM siNhnaadairmuniindraiH|" tadanusAra vRSya arthAt bAjIkaraNa aura divyAmRta arthAta zarIra ko jarA aura vyAdhi se mukta karane vAlA rasAyana taMtra sambandhI graMtha kA kathana siMhanAda munIndra dvArA kiyA gyaa| zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne inake lie 'munIndra' pada vizeSaNa rUpa meM lagAyA hai jisase pratIta hotA hai ki ye digambara paramparA ke ucca koTi

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anekAnta 59/1-2 117 ke sAdhu the aura unake lie pUjya the| unake pUrvavartI hone se unake dvArA Adara sahita unakA smaraNa kiyA gayA hai| DaoN. rAjendra prakAza bhaTanAgara ke anusAra inake nAma kA pAThAntara 'siMha sena' milatA hai| DaoN. bhaTanAgara kA yaha kathana kisa AdhAra para hai yaha spaSTa nahIM hai, tathApi isa nAma se bhI unake viSaya meM koI vivaraNa prApta nahIM hotA hai, ataH unakA vyaktitva, kRtitva evaM kAla sambandhI sthiti spaSTa nahIM hai| itanA avazya hai ki kalyANakAraka meM inake dvArA racita graMtha kA ullekha hone se inakA zrI ugrAdityAcArya se purvavartI honA sunizcita hai| dazaratha guru inakA bhI ullekha 'kalyANakAraka' graMtha meM 'kAyacikitsA' nAmaka graMthakartA ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| yathA "kAye yA sA cikitsA dshrthgurubhiH|" isase pratIta hotA hai ki dazaratha guru jo ugrAdityAcArya ke pUrvavartI the ne kAyacikitsA viSaya para AdhArita graMtha kI racanA kI thI aura usa samaya vaha graMtha pracalita thA, kintu aba nahIM hai| jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa (bhAga-2) ke anusAra dazaratha guru paMcastUpAnvayI vIrasena ke ziSya aura jinasenAcArya ke sadharmA bandhu guru bhAI the| jinasenAcArya atyadhika medhAvI aura prakANDa vidvAn the| jinasenAcArya kA satIrtha hone se dazaratha guru kA bhI vahI samaya nirdhArita hotA hai jo jinasenAcArya kA hai| unhoMne apanI jaya dhavalA TIkA zaka sa. 759 (san 837) meM pUrNa kI thii| tadanudasAra unakA samakAlIna hone se dazaratha guru kA samaya bhI san 800 se 837 I. honA caahiye| ugrAdityAcArya zrI ugrAdityAcArya una apratima jaina manISiyoM meM se haiM jinheM 'prANAvAya pUrva' kA sAdhikAra pUrNa jJAna thaa| isakA sAkSI hai unake

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118 anekAnta 59/1-2 dvArA racita 'kalyANakAraka' graMtha jo vartamAna meM sarvAMgapUrNa (aSTAMgayukta) prANAvAya (jaina cikitsA zAstra) evaM jaina dRSTikoNa para AdhArita hai| isameM kisI bhI rUpa meM mAMsAhAra sevana nahIM karane kA nirdeza karate hue usakI nirarthakatA kA pratipAdana aura ahiMsA kI pratiSThApanA kI gaI hai| yadyapi graMtha lekhaka zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne apanA koI paricayAtmaka vivaraNa nahIM diyA hai, tathApi apane gurU ke viSaya meM spaSTa rUpa se likhA hai| unhoMne apane gurU kA nAma 'zrInandi' batalAyA hai jo azeSAgamajJa (jinAgama aura tadantargata sampUrNa prANAvAya ke jJAtA) the| unase hI prANAvAya (Ayurveda zAstra) meM varNita doSoM (vAta-pittakapha), una doSoM se utpanna ugra rogoM aura unakI cikitsA Adi kA jJAna prApta kara isa graMtha kI racanA kI thii| isase spaSTa hai ki usa kAla meM zrI nandi azeSa prANAvAya zAstra ke jJAtA ke rUpa meM khyApita the| kalyANakAraka ke anusAra AcArya zrInandi ko viSNurAja jo paramezvara (paramazreSTha) kI upAdhi se alaMkRta the kI rAjasabhA meM vizeSa Adara prApta thaa| munIndra zrInandi kA guNagAna karate hue zrI ugrAdityAcArya likhate haiM-"mahArAjA viSNurAja ke mukuTa kI mAlA se jinake caraNa yugala zobhita haiM arthAt jinake caraNa kamala meM viSNurAja namaskAra karatA hai, jo sampUrNa Agama ke jJAtA haiM, prazaMsanIya guNoM se saMyukta haiM aura jinase merA uddhAra huA hai unakI AjJA se nAnA prakAra ke auSadhi dAna kI siddhi ke lie (cikitsA kI saphalatA ke lie) aura sajjana vaidyoM ke vAtsalya pradarzana rUpI tapa kI pUrti ke lie jinamata (jinAmaga) se uddhRta isa kalyANakAraka graMtha ko isa dharA para bnaayaa| ___ upalabdha vibhinna sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para vidvAnoM dvArA inakA samaya AThavIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha nirdhArita kiyA gayA hai| vidvAnoM kA yaha bhI mata hai ki zrI ugrAdityAcArya mUlataH trikaliMga vartamAna meM telaMgAnA

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anekAnta 59/1-2 119 (AMdhra pradeza) meM sthita 'rAmagiri' (vizAkhA paTTana jilAntargata rAmatIrtha yA rAmakoMDa) nAmaka pahAr3iyoM ke madhya nivAsa karate the| yahIM para jinAlaya meM baiThakara unhoMne apane 'kalyANa kAraka' graMtha kI racanA kI thii| sAtha hI adhyayana se yaha tathya bhI ughATita hotA hai hi unheM beMgI ke pUrvI cAlukya rAjA viSNuvardhana caturtha (764-799 I.) kA saMrakSaNa prApta thaa| dhanaMjaya koza graMtha racanAkAra ke rUpa meM ye prakhyAta haiN| inake samaya ke viSaya meM vidvAnoM meM yadyapi kiMcit matabheda hai, tathApi AThavIM-navamI zatAbdI ke madhya inakI avasthiti paM. nAthUrAma premI. DA. hIrAlAla jI Adi vidvAnoM ne nirdhArita kI hai| inake dvArA racita graMthoM meM 'dhanaMjaya nighaNTu' Ayurveda kI dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa hai| isameM aneka vAnaspatika dravyoM kA paricaya saMgrahita hai| inake dvArA racita viSApahAra stotra meM viSa vijJAna sambandhI viSaya kA ullekha hai jo Ayurveda se sambandha rakhatA hai| isase inakI AyurvedajJatA lakSita hotI hai| somadeva sUri (9vIM za.) bahuzruta jainAcArya ke rUpa meM zrI somadeva kA nAma carcita hai| inakA samaya navama zatAbdI kA uttarArdha sarvamAnya hai| yadyapi inhoMne Ayurveda ke kisI svatantra graMtha kI racanA nahIM kI hai, tathApi inake dvArA racita yazastilaka campU meM vistArapUrvaka Ayurveda sambandhI svasthavRtta, svAsthya rakSA sambandhI niyamoM, hitAhAra, ahitAhAra aura usake sevana se utpanna hone vAlI hAniyoM-vikAroM, bhojana vidhi, dinacaryA, rAtricaryA, RtucaryA Adi kA pratipAdana jisa prakAra vistAra pUrvaka kiyA gayA hai vaha unake Ayurveda ke prati unake yogadAna ko svIkAra karane meM koI Apatti nahIM hai|

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120 anekAnta 59/1-2 mahendra jaina (11vIM za.) inakA apara nAma mahendra yogika bhI milatA hai, ye kRSNa vaidya ke putra the| inake dvArA 'dravyAvali samuccaya' nAmaka graMtha kI racanA kie jAne kA ullekha prApta hotA hai| pUnA se prakAzita dhanvantari nighaNTu (1985) meM bhI 'dravyAvali' samanvita hai| hemacandra (12vIM za.) aura maMkha (12vIM zatA.) ne dhanvantari nighaNTu ko uddhRta kiyA hai| aMtaH inakA kAla 11vIM zatA. honA pramANita hotA hai| dravyAvali meM vibhinna vAnaspatika dravyoM ke guNa-karmoM kA vivaraNa diyA gayA hai| durgadeva (1032) ye 11vIM zatI ke prakhyAta manISI haiN| inhoMne prAkRta bhASA meM jyotiSa para AdhArita riTTha (riSTa) samuccaya nAmaka graMtha kI racanA kI hai jisa meM 261 gAthAeM haiN| bhAvI maraNasUcaka lakSaNoM ke AdhAra para rogI yA svastha manuSya kI Ayu jJAta karanA (Ayu nizcaya karanA) riSTa yA ariSTa kahalAtA hai-"niyatamaraNakhyApakaM liMgamariSTam / Ayurveda meM isa viSaya kA atyadhika mahatva hai| kyoMki rogI meM samutpanna lakSaNoM ke AdhAra para yA rogI ko dekhane hetu bulAne ke lie Ae dUta meM athavA rogI ko dekhane hetu jAte samaya mArga meM prakaTa hue zubhAzubha lakSaNoM ke AdhAra para pratyAkhyeya-apratyAkhyeya rogI kA nirNaya karane aura tadanusAra vivekAnusAra usakI cikitsA karane yA nahIM karane meM vaidya ko suvidhA rahatI hai| aise lakSaNoM kA kathana tathA anya vibhinna prakAra ke ariSTa lakSaNoM kA kathana 'riTTha samuccaya' meM kiyA gayA hai| ataH Ayurveda kI dRSTi se bhI yaha graMtha mahatvapUrNa hai, aura Ayurveda ke prati durgadeva kA yogadAna avismaraNIya hai| AcArya hemacandra bahumukhI pratibhA ke dhanI evaM vaiduSya maNDita zrI hemacandrAcArya jI

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anekAnta 59/1-2 121 jaina vyAkaraNa evaM tatva marmajJa hone ke sAtha hI Ayurveda ke bhI jJAtA the| inhoMne aneka graMthoM kA praNayana kiyA hai jo unake pANDitya evaM vaidUSya kA sUcaka hai| inhoMne jina graMthoM kI racanA kI hai unameM 'nighaNTu zeSa' Ayurveda kI dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa hai jisameM cikitsopayogI aneka vAnaspatika dravyoM ke guNadharma kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isake atirikta 'nighaNTu koza' nAmaka eka graMtha meM bhI una vanaspatiyoM ke sArthaka paryAya sahita unake gaNadharmoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai jinakA samAveza 'abhidhAna cintAmaNi' meM nahIM kiyA gayA hai| kIrtivarmA (1125) ye dakSiNa bhAratIya (karnATaka ke) jaina dharmAnuyAyI cAlukya rAjA the| inhone kannar3a meM 'go vaidyaka' nAmaka graMtha kI racanA kI thii| upalabdha sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para inakA samaya 12vIM zatAbdI nirdhArita kiyA gayA hai| guNAkAra (1239 I.) ye zvetAmbara AcArya the| inhoMne nAgArjuna kRta Ayurveda ke graMtha 'yogaratnamAlA' apara nAma 'AzcaryaratnamAlA' para vivRti nAmaka TIkA likhI hai jisakA racanA kAla vi.saM. 1296 (1239 I.) hai| paM. AzAdhara (1240) jaina vidvAnoM meM paM. AzAdhara jI atyadhika AdaraNIya manISi haiN| jaina sAhitya ke racanAkAroM meM apane samaya ke medhAvI udbhaTa manISi paM. AzA ra jI digambara sampradAya ke bahuzruta pratibhAzAlI graMthakAra mAne jAte hai| jinakI kAvya pratibhA dharma aura sAhitya ke sAtha sAtha darzana, nyAya, vyAMkaraNa, yoga, alaMkAra, vaidyaka Adi ke graMthoM kI racanA meM abhivyakta huI hai| inake dvArA racita vizAla graMtha rAzi ko dekhakara inake prakANDa

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12 anekAnta 59/1-2 pANDitya pUrNa kAvya vaibhava kA jJAna sahaja rUpeNa ho jAtA hai| dhArmika Adi viSayoM ke graMtha kI racanA ke sAtha sAththa AcArya vAgbhaTa dvArA likhita Ayarveda ke graMtha 'aSTAMgahRdaya' para inake dvArA liciAta 'aSTAMgahRdayodhotinI' 'TIkA' saMskRta meM likhI jAne kA ullekha vibhinna vidvAnoM ne kiyA hai| vartamAna meM yaha TIkA upalabdha nahIM hai| haripAla (13vIM zatAbdI) inhoMne prAkRta bhASA meM 'vaidyazAstra' nAmaka graMtha kI racanA kI thI jisakA racanA kAla vi.saM. 1341 (1284 I.) hai| isakA saMkSipta vivaraNa jaina graMtha prazasti saMgraha, bhAga-1 evaM jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa, dvitIya bhAga meM prApta hotA hai| isa graMtha kI eka hastalikhita prati zrI paM. kundanalAla jaina ko prApta huI hai| unake dvArA pradatta jAnakArI ke anusAra prastuta racanA 'prAkRta vaidyaka' ke lipikAra ne 'parAkata vaidyaka' likhA hai jo patra saMkhyA 402 para ullikhita vAkya 'iti prAkRta vaidyaka samAptam' se sUcita hotA hai| sAtha hI 'NamiUNa vIyarAgaM' likhakara 'yoga nizAnaddha ke lipikAra ne 'parAkRta vaidyaka aura yoga nidhAna nAma kI do bhinna kRtiyA~ hai| unake anusAra prAkRta vaidyaka 275 aura yoga nidhAna 108 gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai| etadviSayaka zrI kundanalAla jI kA eka lekha zramaNa (janavarI-mArca, 1997) meM prakAzita huA hai jisameM vistAra pUrvaka graMtha aura lekhaka ke viSaya meM carcA kI gaI haiN| campaka (13vIM zatAbdI) ye rasa vidyA meM nipuNa jaina vidvAna the| ye aMcala gacchIya nAyaka mahendraprabha sUri ke ziSya the| ye ujjavala kIrtivAna, yazasvI evaM nitya paropakAra meM tallIna rahane vAle the-aisA inake dvArA racita 'rasAdhyAya' nAmaka graMtha meM ullikhita prazasti se jJAta hotA hai| isa graMtha kA kucha bhaga khaNData hone se isa graMtha kA racanA kAla jJAta nahIM ho sakA, tathApi

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anekAnta 59/1-2 ___13 merUtuMga dvArA 1386 I. meM 'rasAdhyAya' para TIkA likhe jAne kA saMketa milatA hai jisase rasAdhyAya kI racanA usase pUrva kiyA jAnA spaSTa hai| ataH isakA sambhAvita samaya 13vIM zatAbdI honA asaMdigdha hai| amRtanandI (13vIM zatAbdI) ye dakSiNa bhArata (karnATaka) kI digambara paramparA ke jainAcArya the| inhoMne atyaMta vistRta eka nighaNTu koza kI racanA kI thI jisameM jaina dRSTi se vanaspatiyoM ke nAmoM ke pAribhASika artha batalAe gae haiN| isameM lagabhaga 22000 zabda haiN| zrI vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI ne kalyANakAraka graMtha kI prastAvanA meM ise 'akArAdi nighaNTu' meM nAma se uddhRta kiyA hai| isakI racanA manva rAjA ke Agraha se kI gaI thii| manva bhUpati kA kAla 1299 I. (saM. 1355) ke lagabhaga mAnA jAtA hai| ataH amRtanandI kA samaya 13 zatAbdI se 14vIM zatAbdI (pUrvAdha) mAnane meM koI Apatti nahIM hai| kavi maMgarAja (1360 I.) ye caudahavIM zatAbdI ke kAnar3I jaina vidvAna haiN| inhoMne vijaya nagara ke hindU sAmrAjya ke Arambhika kAla meM rAjA harihara rAya kI zAsanAvadhi meM vi.saM. 1416(1360 I) meM 'khagendramaNi darpaNa' nAmaka viSa cikitsA sambandhI ati uttama vaidyaka graMtha kI racanA kI thii| kannar3a bhASA meM racita yaha eka suvistRta evaM suvyavasthita graMtha hai jisake lagabhaga 300 mudrita pRSTha haiN| yaha graMtha madrAsa vizva vidyAlaya dvArA kannar3a sIrIja ke antargata san 1940 meM prakAzita kiyA gayA thA jo vartamAna meM upaladha nahIM hai| isa graMtha ke viSaya meM kavi maMrAja ne svayaM likhA hai ki janatA ke nivedana para unhoMne sarvajanopayogI isa vaidyaka graMtha kI racanA kI hai| ___inakI kRti kA adhyayana karane se jJAta hotA hai ki kannar3a aura saMskRta bhASA meM sAdhikAra likhane kI adbhuta kSamatA inameM thii| inhoMne

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124 anekAnta 59/1-2 svayaM ko pUjyapAda kA ziSya batalAte hue pUjyapAda evaM jinendra deva kI uktiyoM ko hI apanI uparyukta kRti batalAyA hai| kavi maMgarAja aura unakI kRti ke sambandha meM paM. bhujabalI zAstrI kI eka vistRta lekha "jaina siddhAnta bhAskara", bhAga-10, kiraNa-1 (julAI, 1943) meM prakAzita huaa| isa suvistRta lekha meM isa graMtha aura graMthakartA ke viSaya meM vistAra pUrvaka prakAza DAlA gayA hai| yazaHkIrti (14vIM zatAbdI) __inake dvArA likhata 'jagatsundarI prayoga mAlA' nAmaka graMtha kA ullekha jaina graMtha prazasti saMgraha, bhAga-1 meM milatA hai| isa graMtha kI eka prAcIna hastalikhita prati jo 'yoniprAmRta' ke sAtha milI huI hai bhaNDArakara orienTala risarca insTITyUTa, pUnA meM surakSita hai jisakA lipikAla vi. saM. 1582 (1525 I.) hai| ataH spaSTa hai ki isakA racanAkAla isase pUrva kA hai| yaha graMtha yadyapi prAkRta bhASA meM racita hai, kintu madhya meM kahIM kahIM saMskRta gadya evaM kucha sthAnoM para prAcIna apabhraMza yA hindI kA prayoga dRSTigata hotA hai| zrI jugalakizora mukhtAra jI ne bhI 'anekAnta' meM isa graMtha ke viSaya meM carcA kI hai| zrI paramAnanda zAstrI ne jaina sAhitya ke itihAsa meM chaha yazaHkIrti nAmaka muniyoM kA saMketa kiyA hai| prastuta graMtha ke kartA muni yazaH kIrti caudahavIM zatAbdI ke pratIta hote haiN| merutaMga (14vIM zatAbdI) inhoMne rasazAstra sambandhI eka prAcIna graMtha 'kaMkAlaya rasAdhyAya' para TIkA likhI hai| isakA ullekha 'keTalogasa keTelogama', bhAga-2, pRSTha15 para kiyA gayA hai| 'kaMkAlaya rasAdhyAya' kI racanA jaina vidvAna campaka dvArA kI gaI thii| merutuMga jaina sAdhu the aura inake dvArA 1386 meM isa TIkA ke likhe jAne ullekha prApta hotA hai| 'goila ke itihAsa' meM isa TIkA graMtha ko 'rasAyana prakaraNa' kahA gayA hai aura isakA racanA kAla 1387 likhA hai|

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125 anekAnta 59/1-2 ananta deva sUri (14vIM-15vIM zatAbdI) inake viSaya meM vyaktigata jAnakArI upalabdha nahIM hai| inake dvArA vita rasazAstra sambandhI 'rasacintAmaNi' nAmaka graMtha prApta hotA hai jisakI do hastalikhita pratiyAM bhaNDArakara prAcya vidyA zodha saMsthAna, pUnA meM (graMtha saMkhyA 192, 193) surakSita haiN| saMskRta meM likhita isa graMtha meM 900 zloka haiN| isa graMtha ko ToDarAnaMda kRta 'Ayurveda saukhya' jo 16vIM zatAbdI kI racanA hai meM uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| ataH 'rasacintAmaNi' graMtha 14vIM zatAbdI (uttarAdha) evaM 15vIM zatAbdI (pUrvAdha) meM kisI samaya racita pratIta hotA hai| yaha graMtha prathama bAra 1911 meM aura dvitIya vAra 1967 meM mudrita ho cukA hai| mANikya candra jaina (14vIM-15vIM zatAbdI) inakA vyaktigata paricaya ajJAta hai| inake dvArA racita rasa vidyA sambandhI 'rasAvatAra' nAmaka graMtha kI prati bhaNDArakara prAcya vidyA zo dha saMsthAna pUnA meM (graMtha saMkhyA 373) upalabdha hai| isa gaMtha meM ullikhita aneka rasa yogoM kA samAveza zrI hariprapanna jI ne apane graMtha 'rasayoga sAgara' meM kiyA hai| ToDarAnancha kRta Ayurveda saukhya' meM bhI 'rasAvatAra' kA ullekha hone se 'rasAvatAra' kI racanA 14vIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdha evaM 15vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha meM kiyA jAnA sambhAvita hai| nayanasukha (16vIM ztAbdI) inake dvArA hindI meM padyamaya racanA ke rUpa meM likhita 'vaidyamanotsava' nAmaka graMtha prApta hotA hai| kavivara nayanasukha dvArA chandobaddha isa laghukRti kI racanA saMvata 1649 (1592 I.) meM kI gaI thI jo dohA, soraThA aura caupAI Adi chando meM nibaddha hai| kavivara nayanasukha zrAvakakula meM utpanna kesarAja (kucha hastalikhita pratiyoM ke anusAra kezavarAja) ke putra the-"kesarAjasuta nayanasukha zrAvakakulahi nivaas"|

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126 anekAnta 59/1-2 harSakIrti sUri (16vIM zatAbdI) ye vaidyaka vidyA ke sAtha vyAkaraNa aura jyotiSa meM niSNAta the| inhoMne ina tInoM viSayacoM para AdhArita graMthoM kI racanA kI thii| vaidyaka zAstra para AdhArita inake dvArA racita 'vaidyaka sAroddhAra' bhI milatA hai-"nAgapurIya tapogaNarAja zrI harSakIrti saMkalite vaidyakasAroddhAre tRtIyo guttikaadhikaarH|" isa puSpikA se yaha bhI jJAta hotA hai ki ye nAgapurIya tApagaccha ke bhaTTAraka sAdhu the| eka puSpikA meM inhoMne apane nAma ke sAtha 'upAdhyAya' bhI likhA hai| inake dvArA racita graMtha kA racanA kAla 16vIM zatAbdI hai| inake dvArA racita anya 15 graMthoM kA ullekha milatA hai| jayaratna gaNi (1605 I.) ye zvetAmbara sampradAya meM pUrNimA pakSa ke AcArya bhAvaratna ke ziSya the| inakA nivAsa sthAna 'trAMbAvatI' nagara thaa| yahIM para jayaratna gaNi ne 'jvara parAjaya' nAmaka vaidyaka graMtha kI racanA kI thI jisakA ullekha unhoMne apane graMtha meM kiyA hai| inhoMne aneka mAnya vaidyaka graMthoM kA adhyayana karane ke uparAMmata vi. saM. 1662 meM bhAdrapada zuklA 1 ko isa graMtha kI racanA kI thI-aisA unake dvArA kie gae ullekha se jJAta hotA hai| lakSmIkuzala (1637 I.) ye gujarAta nivAsI aura tapAgaccha vIrazAkhA meM paM. jinakuzala ke ziSya the| inake dvArA racita graMtha meM guru-ziSya paramparA kA ullekha milatA hai| inake dvArA racita graMtha kA nAma 'vaidyaka sAraratnaprakAza' hai jisakI racanA saM. 1694 (1637 I.) meM kI gaI thii| haMsarAja muni (17vIM zatAbdI) ye kharataragacchIya varddhamAna sUri ke ziSya the| inhoMne 'bhiSakcakra

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anekAnta 59/1-2 17 cittotsava' nAmaka graMtha kI racanA kI thI jise haMsarAja nidAna bhI kahA jAtA hai| inhoMne nemicandra ke 'dravya saMgraha' para 'bAlAvabodha' bhI likhA hai| inakA samaya 17vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai| hastiruci (1669 I.) ye tapAgacchIya ruci zAkhA ke jaina yati the| 'citrasena padmAvatIrAsa' ke anta meM inhoMne apanI guru paramparA pratipAdita kI hai| inake dvArA racita 'vaidyavallabha' nAmaka graMtha vaidyaka graMthoM meM anyatam hai jo 1669 I. kI racanA hai| Upara ati saMkSepa meM jainAcAryo, unake dvArA racita vaidyaka yA Ayurveda ke graMthoM kA paricaya diyA gayA hai| inake atirikta aura vidvAna hue haiM jinhoMne apane jJAna aura lekhanI se Ayurveda jagat aura Ayurveda sAhitya ko upakRta kiyA hai unameM se kavivara mAna kRta kavi vinoda (1688 I.) aura kavi pramoda (1689 I.), jinasamudra sUri kRta 'vaidyaka sAroddhAra' yA vaidya cintAmaNi (1680 I.) jogIdAsakRta vaidyakasAra (1705 I.) meghamuni kRta medya vinoda (1761 I.), gaMgArAta yati kRta yati nidAna (1821 I.) Adi ullekhanIya haiN| isI prakArA vibhinna auSadha yogoM ke saMgraha ke rUpa meM svatantra rUpa se racita aneka racanAeM bhI prApta hotI haiM jo adhikAMzataH guTakA rUpa meM haiN| inameM se aneka graMtha zrI agara candra nAhaTA ke vyaktigata saMgraha meM the| kucha vidvAnoM ne saMskRta meM racita Ayurveda ke graMthoM meM padyamaya bhASAnuvAda kiyA hai| unhoMne yaha anubhava kiyA ki saMskRta bhASA durUha hone se sAmAnyajana ko una graMthoM ko par3hane aura samajhane meM kaThinAI hotI hai, ataH logoM kI suvidhA ke lie unhoMne sarala aura subodha padyamaya sulalita racanA ke rUpa meM unakA bhASAnuvAda kiyaa| jaise lakSmIvallabha ne zambhunAtha kRta kAla jJAna (1684 I.) aura mUtra parIkSA kA, samaratha ne vaidyanAtha putra zAMtinAtha kI rasamaMjarI (1707 I.) kA,

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anekAnta 59 / 1-2 rAmacandra yati ne Ayurveda ke suprasiddha graMtha zAMrgadhara saMhitA kA padyamaya bhASAnuvAda kiyA je vaidya vinoda (1969 I.) ke nAma se prasiddha aura upalabdha hai| isI prakAra kucha vidvAnoM ke dvArA saMskRta bhASA meM nibaddha mUla graMthoM kA gadyAtmaka anuvAda kiyA gyaa| isase sAmAnyajana ko saMskRta bhASA meM nibaddha mUla graMthoM ko samajhane meM atyadhika anukUlatA evaM suvidhA huii| 128 1 isa prakAra Ayurveda viSayAdhArita graMthoM kI racanA karane meM jaina manISiyoM kA yogadAna avismaraNIya hai / jaina manISiyoM ne Ayurveda ke jina graMthoM kI racanA kI hai unakA avalokana adhyayana karane se jJAta hotA hai ki unameM adhikAMzataH jaina siddhAMtoM kA anukaraNa tathA dhArmika niyamoM kA paripAlana kiyA gayA hai jo unakI maulika vizeSatA hai / graMtha racanA meM vyAkaraNa sambandhI niyamoM kA pAlana karate hue rasa, chanda alaMkAra Adi kAvyAMgoM kA yathA sambhava prayoga kiyA gayA hai jisase graMtha karttA ke vaiduSya evaM bahumukhI pratibhA kA AbhAsa sahaja hI ho jAtA hai / graMthoM meM praur3ha evaM prAMjala bhASA kA prayoga hone se graMthoM-racanAoM kI utkRSTatA nizcaya hI dviguNita huI hai| ataH yaha eka suspaSTa evaM sthApita tathya hai ki jina munipravaroM, manISiyoM, AcAryo, vidvatpravaroM ke dvArA prANAvAya sambandhI Ayurveda ke graMthoM kI racanA kI gaI hai ve kevala eka zAstrajJa yA svazAstra pAraMgata na hokara adhyAtma, dharmazAstra, darzanazAstra Adi bahuzAstra vidU hone ke sAtha-sAtha Ayurveda zAstra ke jJAtA, kRtAbhyAsI evaM anubhava se paripUrNa vidvAn the / - rAjIva kaoNmpaleksa ke pAsa iTArasI (ma.pra.)

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hindU dharma kA hissA nahIM hai jainaH suprIma korTa naI dillii| suprIma korTa ne vyavasthA dI hai ki jaina dharma hindU dharma kA hissA nahIM hai aura isa samudAya ko apane zikSaNa saMsthAna sthApita karane tathA unake saMcAlana kA adhikAra hai| nyAyamUrti esa.bI. sinhA aura nyAyamUrti dalabIra bhaNDArI kI do sadasyIya khaNDapITha ne uttara pradeza ke eTA jile meM jaina samudAya ke kanyA jUniyara hAI skUla ke eka zikSaka kI sevAyeM samApta karane se sambaMdhita mAmale meM yaha vyavasthA dii| nyAyAlaya ne saMvidhAna nirmAtAoM dvArA jaina samAja ko alpasakhyaka samudAya ke rUpa meM mAnyatA diye jAne aura isake pramANa saMvida sabhA kI kAryavAhI meM maujUda hone kA apane phaisale meM jikra kiyaa| phaisale ke anusAra cUMki u.pra. sarakAra ne eka samaya yaha svIkAra kiyA thA ki jaina samudAya, jo rAjya meM alpasaMkhyaka samudAya hai, ne yaha skUla sthApita kiyA hai, isalie aba u.pra. besika zikSA pariSada bhinna dRSTikoNa nahIM apanA sktaa| nyAyAlaya ne spaSTa kiyA ki eka dharma vizeSa ke sadasya dvArA saMsthA ke saMcAlana mAtra se use alpasaMkhyaka samudAya dvArA saMcAlita saMsthA nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| nyAyalaya ne kahA hai ki rAjya ke janasaMkhyA ke AMkar3oM ke AdhAra para hI alpasaMkhyaka stara kA nirdhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai| jaina zikSaNa saMsthAna ke alpasaMkhyaka darje ke sambaMdha meM hAI korTa kI vyavasthA ko najaraaMdAja karate huye ekala nyAyAdhIza ke hastakSepa ko anucita karAra diyaa| hAI korTa kI khaNDapITha ne kahA thA ki saMsthAna ko alpasakhyaka saMsthA kA darjA prApta hone ke kAraNa ise kisI zikSaka kI sevAyeM samApta karane se pahale jilA besika zikSA adhikArI kI anumati lenA Avazyaka nahIM hai| lekina ekala nyAyAdhIza ne isa TippaNI ko najaraaMdAja karate huye apraila, 2003 meM apane phaisale meM kahA thA ki skUla ke alpasaMkhyaka darje ke savAla para vicAra hI nahIM kiyA gyaa| khaNDapITha ne vibhinna phaisaloM ko uddhRta karate hue kahA ki yaha avivAdita tathya hai ki jaina dharma hindU dharma kA hissA nahIM hai| 24 agasta 2006 dainika 'hindustAna' naI dillI se sAbhAra

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59/3-4 anekAnta - " - ECH - Manish NAMMAR Karta PARAN S - paM. padama candra shaastrii| janma : bilamI (badAya) uttara pradeza kArtika zukla aSTamI vi.sa.1972 svargArohaNa : dillI, 2 janavarI 2007 pauSa zu. caturdazI vi.saM.2063

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vIra sevA maMdira anekAnta pravartaka : A. jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' kA traimAsika '. 4 pa / - - "isa aMka meM varSa 59, kiraNa-3-4 kahAM kyA julAI disambara 2016 / adhyAtma pada kavivara dAlanagama sampAdaka . - eka zrutAgadhaka kA viyAga DaoN jaya kumAra jaina | DaoN. jayakumAra jaina / paNDita parampaga kI antimakar3I mabhApa jaina, mahAsaciva 429. paTala nagara kA avamAna mujaphpharanagara (upra) anupama zruta Agadhaka DaoN pramacanda jaina phona. (0131) 2613730 pa padama candra zAmbI saha sampAdaka kAhagama kimakA do muzi candra jana 1. jaina darzana ma pramANa kI da nagndra kumAra jana saMjIva jaina tihAmikatA parAmarzadAtA 17 rAjasthAna ka kalAtmaka jana mandira dA kamalA gaga paM. padmacandra zAstrI 4 bhagavAna mahAvIra A pariyA DaoN mugndra kamAra jaina parimANavata mamthA kI 4 mamAdhimagNa meM zanddhi va vikka prAcArya nihAlacanda jana AjIvana madamyatA tivacana 1100 10 madhya loka meM bhoga miyA DA jaya kamAra janA anakAnta vArSika zulka ka anacinnana / karmakSaya meM dhyAnatapa kA mahala gajendra mAra vamannA ima aka kA mUlya aura mbampa 10 12 jana mAhitya Ara pugatantaka TA kamalaza kamAra jana madamyA va madiga ka paripazya ma maptama tIthakA liA ni:zulka mapAzvanAtha kA jIvana caritra eva paca kalyANaka miyA prakAzaka 13 brahmacarya dazana Ara usakI TA prazAka kamAra jaina ||bhAratabhUSaNa jaina, gadavAkara mAmAjika upayogitA / / bhAnAya mAmbAmA kI dRSTi ra zrayAma kamA jana / ma akAlamagNa |mAsTara prirma dillI 32) vizeSa sUcanA : vidvAn lekhaka apane vicAroM ke lie svatantra hai| yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki sampAdaka unake vicAroM se sahamata ho| mudraka vIra sevA maMdira (jaina darzana zodha saMsthAna) 21. dariyAgaMja, naI dillI -110002, dUrabhASa : 23250522 saMsthA ko dI gaI mahAyatA rAzi para dhArA 80 jI ke atargata Ayakara meM chUTa (raji Ara 10591/62)

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17. mAnata kyoM nahiM re he to mAnata kyoM nahiM re hai nara sIkha syaanii| bhayo aceta moha mada po ke, apanI sudhi visarAnI // dukhI anAdi kubodha avrata meM, phira tinasoM rati tthaanii| jJAna sudhA nijabhAva na cAkhyo, para paranati mati sAnI // mAnata kyoM nahiM ............... // 1 // bhava asAratA lakhe na kyoM jaha~, nRpa hai kRmi vittthaanii| sadhana nidhana nRpa dAsa svajana ripu, dukhiyA hari-se prAnI // deha eka gadageha neha isa, hai bahu vipati nisaanii| jar3a malIna chinachIna karamakRta, baMdhana zivasukha haanii|| mAnata kyoM nahiM .................. // 2 // cAha-jvalana IMdhana vidhi-vana ghana, AkulatA-kula khaanii| jJAnasudhA- sara zoSana ravi ye, viSaya amita mRtu daanii|| yoM lakhi bhava-tana-bhoga viracikari, nijahita suni jinvaanii| taja ruSa-rAga "daula" aba avasara, yaha jinacandra bkhaanii|| mAnata kyoM nahiM - kavivara daulatarAma .. // 3 //

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eka zrutArAdhaka kA viyoga : anabhra vajrapAta - DaoN. jaya kumAra jaina vIra sevA mandira (jaina darzana zodha saMsthAna) dvArA prakAzita zodha traimAsikI "anekAnta" patrikA ke parAmarzadAtA evaM pUrva sampAdaka zrI pa. padamacandra zAstrI kA / janavarI 2007 ko acAnaka svargavAsa kA samAcAra sunakara maiM hataprabha ho gayA aura vicalita bhii| abhI 24 disambara ko eka saptAha pUrva hI unase mulAkAta huI thii| ve kucha asvasthatA to mahasUsa kara rahe the, para aisA bilkula bhI nahIM lagatA thA ki hama unakI chatrachAyA se vaMcita hone vAle haiN| vaise to paNDita jI se maMga paricaya 1979 I. se hai, parantu unake Adeza se 7 varSa se "anekAnta" ke sampAdana se jur3ane para mujhe paNDita jI ko karIba se sanane-samajhane kA suyoga milaa| ise mai apanA ahobhAgya mAnatA hU~ ki paM. padyacandra zAstrI sadRza dIpazikhA se mujhe bhI kiJcit Aloka milaa| kadAcit 24 disambara kI bAtacIta ko aba smaraNa karane se mujhe aisA lagatA hai ki paM. jI sA ko yaha AbhAsa ho gayA thA ki ve aba jainAgama kI sevA nahIM kara paayeNge| para asvastha hone para bhI unake cehare para gajaba kA santoSa thA tathA ve bAra-bAra vIra sevA mandira ke padAdhikAriyoM kI prazasA karate hae kaha rahe the ki calo jaina samAja meM ekAdha sasthA aisI bhI hai, jo sevAnivRtti ke pazcAt bhI rAjakIya peMzana kI taraha kisI paNDita ko vRtti de rahI hai| kisI paNDita ke dvArA parokSa meM niyojaka saMsthA kI aisI prazaMsA maiMne prathama bAra sunI thii| unhoMne mujhe Adeza bhI diyA thA ki agale aMka ke sampAdakIya meM yaha avazya likhanA ki anya jaina saMsthAoM ko isa sandarbha meM vIra sevA mandira kA anukaraNa karanA caahie| abhI eka mAha pUrva hI paNDita jI ke 33 Alekho kA saMkalana "niSkapa dIpa zikhA" ke nAma se vIra sevA mandira se prakAzita huA hai|

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 ina AlekhoM ke paThanana- anuzIlana se lekhaka kI bahuvijJatA, zrutaniSThA evaM sUkSmatattvadRSTi kA sahaja hI patA cala jAtA hai| paM. jI sA. ne jina paristhitiyayoM meM jainAgama ke sUkSmatattvoM para nirbhaya hokara sAdhikAra lekhanI calAI hai, usakI mizAla ve svayaM haiM / koI pralobhana, bhaya, janamata yA caturvidha saMgha meM se kisI kA bhI dabAva unheM vicalita nahIM kara skaa| prAcIna bhAratIya AryabhASAoM vizeSatayA prAkRta bhASAoM ke ve pAraMgata adhItI vidvAna the / ardhamAgadhI meM to unakI anupama pakar3a thii| prAcIna zAstroM ke adhyayana meM unakI dRSTi mUla para rahatI thI tathA TIkAkAroM ke skhalana ko ve kSayopazamajanya mAnakara sarvathA pramANa mAnane ke pakSadhara nahIM the| kisI gAthA kA artha karate samaya ve 'nAmUlaM likhyate kiJcit' ke pakSadhara the| eka Adarza paNDita meM jaisI nirbhayatA, nirlobhatA evaM tyAgavRtti honA cAhie, vaha paM. jI meM kUTa-kUTa kara bharI thii| unakA vyaktitva bar3A alaukika thA / ve jahA~ samAja se paisA grahaNa karanA to kyA, eka gilAsa pAnI pInA bhI samIcIna nahIM samajhate the, vahA~ samAgata vidvAn yA zodhArthI jijJAsu ke prati unakA vAtsalya advitIya thA / 92 varSa kI avasthA ho jAne para bhI, Agama kI sevA karane kI unakI lalaka dekhate hI banatI thI / dRSTi kamajora ho jAne kI unheM basa yahI cintA satAtI thI ki aba par3hanA-likhanA kama ho gayA hai / anta taka yahI kahate rahe ki yadi koI acchA likhane vAlA mila jAye to maiM kucha Agama kI gutthiyoM para AgamAnusAra carcA karanA cAhatA huuN| mujhe kaSTa hai ki apanI alpajJatA, dUravAsa evaM pramAdavaza maiM isa kArya meM sahayogI na bana skaa| ho sakatA hai kucha gutthiyoM aba anasulajhIM hI raha jAyeM / 3 sAdagI kI pratimUrti, nirbhIka vaktA, niSkaMpa lekhanI ke dhanI sulekhaka tathA satata satyAnveSI paM. jI sA meM himagiri sI gurutA, sAgara sI gaMbhIratA evaM lauhArgalA sI dRr3hatA thI / ApakI vidvajjagat meM eka alaga pahicAna thI / lAga-lapeTa evaM tigar3amabAjI se dUra tathA

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Agama kI maulikatA ke sAtha kisI bhI prakAra kA samajhautA na karana vAle Apa meM jahA~ eka ora vajra sI kaThoratA thI, vahA~ hRdaya meM virodhI vicAraka ke prati bhI navanIta sI komalatA thii| kisI prakAra kA pralobhana Apako apane mArga se nahIM DigA sakA / vidyA evaM vidvattA ke kSetra meM Apake dvArA sthApita Adarza pUrNataH anukaraNIya haiN| svAbhimAnI evaM dabaMga vyaktitva ke dhAraka paNDita jI ke jJAnAloka se jaina vidvajjagat sadaiva Alokita rhegaa| AdaraNIya paNDita jI ke nidhana se jaina samAja kI apUrNIya kSati huI hai / vIra sevA mandira ke to ve paryAya hI the / "anekAnta" ke pAThakoM ko unake AlekhoM jaise samartha dastAvejoM kA abhAva avazya khlegaa| maiM 'anekAnta' ke sudhI pAThakoM ke sAtha samaveta rUpa se AdaraNIya paNDita jI ke prati hArdika zraddhAMjali samarpita karatA huA bhAvanA bhAtA hU~ ki unake parivAra evaM jaina jagat ko isa apAra duHkha ko sahana karane kI zakti prApta ho tathA unake dvArA darzAye mArga para hama calane meM samartha hoM / satkarmo ke pratiphalasvarUpa unheM sadgati kI prApti to asaMdigdha hai hI / anta meM, maiM vIra sevA mandira ke padAdhikAriyoM se AzA karatA hU~ ki ve una uddezyoM kI pUrti ke lie prayAsazIla raheMge, jinake saMrakSaNa meM paM. padmacandra zAstrI AmaraNa samarpita rahe / - sampAdaka

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paNDita paramparA kI antima kar3I kA avasAna vIra sevA mandira se prakAzita anekAnta aura usake paryAya ke rUpa meM pratiSThita jJAnavRddha paM. padma candra zAstrI kA dehAvasAna 1 janavarI 2007 kI madhyarAtrI meM ho gyaa| paNDita jI ke avasAna ke sAtha hI 20vIM zatAbdI ke jaina paNDita paramparA kI antima kar3I bhI samApta ho gii| vyAvahArika dharAtala para kaThora chavi dhAraNa karane vAle paNDita jI svabhAva se atyanta mRdu, sahRdayI aura jaina Agama ke Ar3olana-vilor3ana kara jinadharma ke sUkSma tatvoM ko udghATita karane meM siddha hasta the| apanI avadhAraNAoM ke sAtha kisI bhI sthiti meM samajhautA na karanA unakI anupama vizeSatA thii| AjIvikA kI jaddojahada meM bhI unhoneM kabhI samajhautA nahIM kiyaa| samAjika virodhAbhAsoM ko ve apanI sazakta lekhanI se ujAgara kara samAja ko hamezA saceSTa karate rhe| jinadharma ke mala aparigraha siddhAnta ko na kevala apane jIvana meM caritArtha kiyA, balki pratyeka prasaMga para unakI spaSTokti thI ki vastutaH jaina dharma kA pracAra-prasAra AcaraNa ke mAdhyama se hI ho sakatA hai aura AcaraNa aparigraha vrata ko jIvana meM apanAne se sambhava hai, jisa para Ajakala loga dhyAna hI nahIM dete| ahiMsaka AcaraNa kI bhitti aparigraha ke nIMva para hI khar3I ho sakatI hai| ahiMsA kA rAga alApane se Atmamugdha to huA jA sakatA hai usase jIvana ahiMsA kI sugandha se surabhita nahIM ho sktaa| parigraha ke daladala meM phaMsA huA samAja jaba taka aparigrahI vRtti ko jIvana meM nahIM utAratA taba taka na to jaina dharma ke marma ko samajhA jA sakatA hai aura na hI jaina dharma kA pracAra-prasAra hI ho sakatA hai|

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prAkRta, saMskRta aura apabhraMza sAhitya ke vilakSaNa-anusandhAtA paM. padma candra zAstrI ne AjIvana aghoSita rUpa meM parigraha parimANa vrata kA pAlana kiyA aura anekAnta meM samaya-samaya para Agamika, sAhityika, sAmAjika visaMgatiyoM para karArI coTa kI parantu unakI bulanda AvAja nakkArakhAne meM tUtI hI siddha huii| ise Agama, sAhitya aura samAja kI dRSTi se zubha cinha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| Aja paNDita jI hamAre bIca nahIM haiM lekina unakI sazakta lekhanI jvalanta sandarbho meM Aja bhI jIvanta aura kAryakArI hai| ___ astu, yadi hama aba bhI saceta na hue to paNDita jI ke avadAnoM ke prati hamArI kRtaghnatA hI khlaaygii| paNDita jI ke prati saccI zraddhAMjali tabhI sArthaka hogI jaba hama unake dvArA sthApita pratimAno ke prati nyAyika dRSTikoNa se unheM mUrta rUpa dene meM prayatnazIla hoN| prastuta hai niSkampa dIpazikhA meM DaoN. prema canda dvArA prasUta paNDita jI kI jIvanI jo unhoMne bar3I kaThinatA se prApta kI thii| - subhASa jaina (mahAsaciva)

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anupama zruta ArAdhaka paMDita padmacandra zAstrI jAti na pUcho sAdhu kI, pUcha lIjie jnyaan| mola karo talavAra kA, par3I rahana do myAna / / kabIra / / prastuta dohe ke nihitArtha tathA saiddhAntika pakSa se maiM sarvathA sahamata huuN| parantu vyAvahArika pakSa se asahamati hai| cUMki Aja jaba hameM prAcIna vidvAnoM ke granthoM kI pANlipiyA~ dekhane ko milatI haiM, to svabhAvataH racanAkAra, racanAkAla, evaM sthAna Adi ke viSaya meM jijJAsA hotI hai| yadi unameM ye saba nahIM diyA gayA hai to pANlipi ke saMdigdha ho jAne kA kha tarA paidA hone ke alAvA anya samasyAyeM bhI sAmane Ate dekhI jAtI haiM aura phira merA mAnanA hai ki lekhaka ho yA koI vyakti, apane jIvana ke viSaya meM vaha svayaM jo jAna sakatA hai, vaha dUsarA nahIM jAna sktaa| apane isI soca ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue maiMne paMDita padmacanda zAstrI ke samakSa unake jIvana-paricaya ke sandarbha meM jaba-jaba koI prazna uThAyA hogA, taba-taba unhoMne mujhe jainAgamoM se sambandhita carcA meM ulajhAkAra mere prazna ko AkAza ke havAle karate hue anuttarita hI rahane diyA hogaa| Upara se eka mIThI jhiDakI khilAkara kaheMge, 'ArAma kara le thaka gayA hogaa|' are ' prema tuma loga samajhate nahIM ho; isa paricaya-varicaya meM kyA rakhA hai? suno', 'paramArtha zataka meM paMDita rUpacanda ne likhA hai: vetana citparicaya binA, japa tapa sabai nirty| kana bina tusa jimi phaTakate, Avai kachU na hty|| cetana sauM paricaya nahIM, kahA bhaye vrata dhaari| sAli bihUneM kheta kI, vRthA banAbata baari|| jainAgama zAstroM ke marmajJa, prAkRta-saMskRta, apabhraMza jaisI prAcya bhASAoM ke jJAtA prakANDa paMDita tathA kunda-kundAcArya bhagavAna ke granthoM para sAdhikAra vyAkhyAna dene meM samartha paMDita padmacanda zAstrI ko, bhalA hama kaise samajhAe~ ki Apa jijJAsuoM ke lie 'kana bina tusa' athavA 'sAli bihUne kheta' ke samAna nahIM haiN| Apane prAcya bhASA prAkRta ke mahattvapUrNa granthoM ke cintana-manana meM apanA samagra

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anekAnta 59/3-4 jIvana homa kara DAlA hai| usa cintana-manana aura manthana se jo navanIta prApta kiyA hai, use apane nibandhoM, vyAkhyAnoM aura carcAoM ke mAdhyama se samAja ko hI niHsvArtha-nirlobha bhAva se bheMTa kara diyA hai| kunda-kundAcArya ke granthoM meM pratipAdita jaina-siddhAnta, darzana aura dharma ke prati ApakI zraddhA, AsthA aura vizvAsa hI nahIM, AcaraNa meM bhI use vyavahRta karake dikhAyA hai| ___'mUlaM jaina-saMskRti : aparigraha' zIrSaka ApakI laghukAya racanA ko vidvatsamAja ne bahumAna diyA hai| kucha hI samaya meM hindI bhASA meM na kevala tIsarA saMskaraNa chApanA par3A hai, apitu usakA aMgrejI bhASA meM anuvAda hokara pustaka videzoM meM bhI apanI chApa chor3a rahI hai| Apane 'aparigraha' jaise viSaya para likhA hI nahIM hai, balki apane vAstavika jIvana meM jiyA bhI hai| 'pratyakSe kiM pramANaM' hamane dekhA hai, eka ora jahA~ jyAdAtara vidvAn puraskAroM kI jugata bhir3Ate dekhe jA sakate haiM; vahIM Apa puraskAra meM prApta dhanarAzi saMsthA ke sadupayoga ke lie bheMTa karate haiN| Aja isa prakAra kI nirlobha evaM tyAgavRtti virala ho gaI hai| ___maiM aisA mAnakara cala rahA hU~ ki paMDita padmacandra zAstrI kA AtmakathyAtmaka koI kRti yA Alekha nahIM hai, to eka saMkSita paricaya hI unakI navIna pustaka meM de denA anupayukta nahIM hogaa| kinhIM kAraNoMvaza mere lie inakA paricaya likhanA durUha hai, tathapi prayatna karatA huuN| isame samasyA eka to yahI hai, 'halkA kahU~ to bahu DarU~, bhArI kahU~ to jhUTha'... / isIlie kabIra ne Age 'maiM kA jAneM....' likhakara svayaM ko surakSita kara liyA thaa| maiMne to jaba 'okhalI meM sira rakha liyA hai to coToM se kyA DaranA'? jo bhI sahI-sahI jAnakArI kara sakA hU~ usI AdhAra para likhatA paMDita jI kA janma kArtika zuklA aSTamI vikrama saM0 1972 ko jilA badAyU~, u0pra0 ke kasbA bilasI meM svanAmadhanya pitA zrI ciraMjIlAla jaina bAkalIvAla ke yahA~ huA thaa| mAtA zrImatI kaTorI-bAI sarala evaM zAnta svabhAva kI dhArmika gRhaNI thii| acche jaina parivAra meM putra kA jaisA lAlana-pAlana hotA hai, ApakA bhI uttama rIti se huA thaa| ucita samaya para prArambhika kakSA 5 taka kI zikSA bilsI meM hI pUrI kI thii| Age kI zikSA ke lie pitA zrI ne 'RSabha' brahmacaryAzrama caurAsI, mathurA ko cunA aura vahIM bheja diyaa| saubhAgya se isake Age kA vivaraNa paMDita jI ke hI eka lekha meM 'jina khojA tina pAiyA~' kI tarja para mere hAtha laga gayA hai| jise kisI khAsa vyakti ke saMsmaraNa ke daurAna paMDita jI

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anekAnta 59/3-4 ko likhanA aparihArya ho gayA hogaa| prasannatA hai, kucha to bhAra halkA huaa| Age uddhRta hai: "lagabhaga san 1927 ke caitra mAsa kI bAta hai, jaba zrI ku~vara digvijayasiMha jI ahikSetra ke mele ke bAda bilasI phuNce| unake sAtha mathurA brahmacaryAzrama ke pracAraka paM0 siddhasena goyalIya aura eka pagar3I dhArI paMDita jI zrI devIsahAya jaina- (sambhavataH salAvA vAle the) bhI the| una dinoM Arya samAja ke pracAra kA yuga thaa| Aye dina Arya samAjiyoM se jainiyoM ke vivAda calate rahate the| mere pitA jI kI aise vivAdoM meM rUci thI-unheM jyAdA rasa AtA thA-jaina kI bAta poSaNa meM / ku~vara sAhaba ke Ane se zAstrArtha kA vAtAvaraNa bana gyaa| niyama-samaya Adi nirdhArita ho ge| Arya samAja ne apanI ora se barelI ke paM0 baMzIdhara zAstrI ko niyukta kiyA aura jaina kI ora se ku~vara sAhaba bole| ku~vara sAhaba ko vahA~ kaI dina ThaharanA pdd'aa| mujhe yAda hai kaTarA bAjAra meM mere tAU zrI durgA prasAda jI kI dukAna ke sAmane kAphI bhIr3a thii| donoM ora mejeM lagI thii| donoM vidvAn bArI-bArI bolate the| sabhApati kA Asana vilasI ke pramukha raIsa zrI geMdanalAla ne (jo ajaina the) grahaNa kiyA thaa| natIjA kyA rahA mujhe nahIM mAlUma? hA~, donoM ora kI tAliyoM kI gar3agar3AhaTa aura jayakAroM kA mujhe dhyAna hai| agale dina kuva~ra sAhaba ke sujhAva para, vAtAvaraNa se prabhAvita mere pitA ne mujhe vidvAna banAne kA saMkalpa le liyA aura mathurA brahmacaryAzrama meM bhejane kA nizcaya prakaTa kiyaa| ku~vara sAhaba ne mere sira hAtha rakhakara mujhe vidvAn paMDita banane kA AzIrvAda diyA aura goyalIya jI se kahA-isa bAlaka kI acchI vyavasthA karanA / mujhe bhalI-bhAMti yAda hai usa samaya ka~vara sAhaba sapheda cAdara or3he, sapheda cA~dI phrema vAlA cazmA lagAe the aura unakI dAr3hI mana moha rahI thii| kucha mahInoM meM maiM Azrama meM pahuMca gyaa| mere pitA nahIM cAhate the ki ve merA bojha samAja para DAleM, phalataH- unhoMne khuzI se Azrama ko pAMca rupae mAsika denA svIkAra kiyA aura rAzi barAbara pahuMcatI rhii| una dinoM pAMca rupayoM kI bar3I kImata thii|" una dinoM mANikacanda digambara jaina parIkSAlaya zolApura kI bar3I mAnyatA thii| mathurA meM par3hAI karate hue hI Apane jaina dharma, nyAya, zAstrI Adi kI parIkSAeM pAsa kI thiiN| kalakattA se hone vAlI 'vyAkaraNatIrtha' kI kaThina parIkSA bhI uttama zreNI meM pAsa kii| isa prakAra par3hAI karate hue paMDita jI mathurA hI rhe| Age unhoMne likhA hai

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 "par3hAI ke bAda san 36 meM jaba ambAlA zAstrArtha sagha meM upadezaka vidyAlaya khulane kI bAta mere pitA ke dhyAna meM AI taba unhoMne purAne zAstrArtha kI bAta yAda kara mujhe Adeza diyA ki zAstrArtha saMgha meM cale jAo / basa, svIkRti Ane para maiM pahuMca gyaa| 15-5-36 ke udghATana para upadezaka vidyAlaya kA maiM tattvopadezaka vibhAga kA sabase choTI umra kA aura prathama chAtra thaa| una dinoM paM0 balabhadra jI saMgha ke mainejara the- hamAre AphIsara / phira bhI sAdA, srl| unhoMne mujhe bhAI sarIkhA sneha diyaa| Azrama kA chAtra hone ke kAraNa saMgha meM mujhe brahmacArI kA saMbodhana milaa|" 10 zAstrArtha saMgha ambAlA meM pahu~cakara upadezaka ke rUpa meM kArya karate hue vyakhyAna zAstrArtha kI zikSA paaii| isa saMgha ne apane vyaya se hI Apako vArANasI bheja diyA thaa| yahAeN kirAe kA makAna lekara rahe aura brAhmaNa vidvAnoM se vedoM kA adhyayana kiyA aura kalakatte se hone vAlI 'vedatIrtha' parIkSA uttIrNa kii| ye pUrA kA pUrA adhyayana zAstrArtha meM kAma AtA thA / vahaoN kI par3hAI pUrI karane ke bAda punaH saMgha meM A ge| ambAlA zAstrArtha saMgha kI zAkhA mathurA se phirojapura chAvanI cale ge| yahAeN para jaina hAI skUla meM adhyApaka rahe aura jaina jijJAsuoM ko svAdhyAya karAyA; yahA~ 6-7 varSa rahe punaH 1 varSa mathurA rahakara jaina samAja meM par3hAyA / isake bAda multAna (paMjAba) meM eka varSa hI raha pAye the / daMge zurU ho jAne ke kAraNa saparivAra ghara bilsI A ge| kucha dinoM ghara rahane ke bAda digambara jaina syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya, bhadainI ghATa, vArANasI meM 12-13 varSa vyavasthApaka rahate hue adhyApana bhI karate rahe / 1 DaoN0 nemIcandrazAstrI, jyotiSAcArya una dinoM vArANasI Ate-jAte rahate the / unake saparAmarza se paMDita jI ne yU0 pI0 borDa kA hAI skUla; vA0 saM0 vi0 vi0 se jainadarzana zAstrI aura prAkRta se ema0 e0 kI parIkSAe~ prathama zreNI meM uttIrNa kI thiiN| inakA isa prakAra kA zaikSika vikAsa ke sAtha jaba unake svAbhimAna ko Thesa lagane ke kAraNa upasthita hue to vidyAlaya kI sevAyeM chor3a dI / pariNAmataH Arthika kaThinAiyoM se bhI unheM do-cAra honA pdd'aa| parantu sahiSNutA kI pratimUrti, mitavyayI kuzala gRhaNI aura ApakI patnI zrImatI kamaleza jaina kA sAhasa aura hauMsalA dekhate hI banatA thaa| ve apane parivAra ke alAvA vidyArthiyoM ke lie bhI annapUrNA mA~ kI bhUmikA barAbara nibhAtI rhii| aise avasaroM para paMDita phUlacanda siddhAMta zAstrI vidvAn hoM athavA jaina vidyArthI sabhI kI sahAyatA karane ke lie tatpara rahate the| unake AzIrvAda sadaiva sAtha rhe| baccoM kI zikSA barAbara

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 jArI rahI / maiM baccoM meM zarIka thaa| sAtha hI rahatA thA / ataH kathana meM milAvaTa jaisI koI bAta nahIM hai| saccAI, ImAnadArI, svAbhimAna evaM siddhAMta kI rakSA ke lie aise kaSTa jhelane meM mere mAmA-mAmI ko apUrva Ananda milatA rahA hai| isa prakAra ye donoM hI dhanya haiN| 11 san 1962 I0 meM deza kI rAjadhAnI dillI A ge| kucha samaya bAda muni vidyAnanda jI ke sAtha rhe| unhIM ke sAtha-sAtha padayAtrAe~ karate rahe / himAlaya bhI sAtha gae / 'himAlaya ke digambara muni' zIrSaka pustaka likhI / isa pustaka kI anta taka mA~ga banI rhii| Apake pANDitya kI chApa isa pustaka meM ujAgara huI hai| taduparAnta ve 'vIra sevA mandira, dariyAgaMja, dillI' anekAnta ke sampAdaka ke rUpa meM A ge| vIra sevA mandira evaM anekAnta ke saMsthApaka paMDita jugalakizora jI mukhtAra 'aura kameTI ne saMsthA ke jo uddezya nirdhArita kiye the, unheM pUrA karane meM paMDita jI prANapaNa se juTa ge| bar3e putra rAjIva, choTe pradIpa kumAra, sabase bar3I putrI sudhA aura madhu sabakI zikSA-dIkSA vivAha sabhI kArya saMpanna ho ge| ye sabhI sarakArI upakramoM meM acche padoM para kAryarata ho ge| sabhI svAvalambI pUrNataH samartha haiN| sabakI santAneM haiN| saba apane-apane ghara se jAkara mAtA-pitA kI sevA karanA cAhate haiM / parantu vIra sevA mandira meM rahate hue paMDita jI saMsthAna tathA jinAgama kI sevA meM manasA vAcA karmaNA sajaga bhAva se samarpita haiN| unakI tyAga evaM nirlobha vRtti anugamanIya hai| saMsthAna ke sadasyoM, padAdhikAriyoM tathA samAja ko isakA bharapUra lAbha mila rahA hai| sabhI paMDita jI kI bhAvanAoM kA Adara karate haiN| ve aba 92 varSa kI avasthA pUrI karate hue bhI kundakundAcArya ke zAstroM ko vANI dete najara Ate haiN| paM0 padmacandra zAstrI kI itanI lambI jIvana-yAtrA kA vivaraNa bhI eka pUrI pustaka cAhatA hai| yahA~ vistArabhaya se maiMne pUre tathya dene meM bhI lekhanI ko niyantraNa meM rakhane kA prayatna kiyA hai| lekina anekAnta ke saMdarbha ke sAtha-sAtha, vIra sevA-mandira se paMDita jI ke jur3Ava para DaoN0 surezacandra jaina dvArA prastuta mahattvapUrNa spaSTokti ko uddhRta kiye binA 'jIvana-paricaya' kI bAta meM adhUrApana rahanA avazyambhAvI hai| antataH kSamAyAcanApUrvaka use jor3anA mere lie aparihArya hai| unhoMne anekAnta ke eka lekha meM apane vicAra abhivyakta kie haiM; merI dRSTi meM ve tathyAtmaka hI nahIM, yathArtha bhI haiN| dekhe : "utAra-car3hAva aura Arthika evaM sAmAjika udAsInatA ke cakra meM bhI gaurava

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anekAnta 59/3-4 pUrNa uddezyoM ke prati samarpita yaha patrikA apane avadAnoM ke lie jaina itihAsa, siddhAMta, sAhitya, samIkSA, sAmayika kavitA evaM mUlabhASA sambandha AlekhoM kA eka sazakta jIvanta dastAveja hai, jise A0 jugalakizora mukhtAra, paM0 paramAnanda zAstrI, zrI bhagavata svarUpa bhagavat zrI agaracandra nAhaTA, DaoN0 darabArI lAla koThiyA, zrI ayodhyA prasAda goyalIya, DaoN0 jyotiprasAda jaina, paM0 hIrAlAla siddhAMta zAstrI, paM0 nAthUrAma premI, paM0 Adi manISI vidvAnoM ne pallavita aura puSpita kiyA hI hai| zrI padmacandra zAstrI ne to vigata 30 varSoM meM anekAnta meM prAkRta viSayaka jo sAmagrI prastuta kI hai vaha jaina sAhityetihAsa ke lie bhaviSya meM mArgadarzaka siddha hogii|" tAtparya yaha hai ki anekAnta meM itihAsa-purAtattva ke AlekhoM ke sAtha hI mUla Agama grantha sampAdana tathA Agama bhASA viSayaka sAmagrI kA bhI pracuramAtrA meM prakAzana huA hai| vaha bhI itihAsa kI sAmagrI se bhinna nahIM hai| 2500veM nirvANa mahotsava ke prasaMga meM 'anuttara yogI mahAvIra' kRti kI samIkSA karate hue 'viSa mizrita laDDU' zIrSaka se paramparAgata mUlyoM kI rakSA kA aitihAsika dastAveja prastuta kiyA hai| isI prakAra mUla Agama evaM bhASA viSayaka paM0 padamacandra zAstrI dvArA prastuta Alekha digambara AgamoM ke suspaSTa nirdhAraNa ke una AyAmoM aura mAnadaNDoM ko sthApita karate hue mArgadarzana karate haiM, jina para samasta digambara paramparA aura itihAsa kI bhAvI bhitti khar3I hogI tathA adhyetA anusandhitsaoM ko eka sunizcita mArga nirdhAraNa karane ko mArga prazasta kregaa| viDambanA yaha hai ki Aja katipaya vidvat varga satyAnveSI na hokara arthAnveSI hai aura artha kI lolupatA satya ko khojane meM sabase bar3I bAdhA hai yadi aisA na hotA to vartamAna ke sabhI manISI vidvAn prAkRta viSayaka avadhAraNA aura mUlaAgama saMpAdana-saMzodhana viSayaka paM0 padmacandra zAstrI kI dhAraNA se sahamata hote hue bhI udAsIna bhAva se asahamata na hote| vidvat-samudAya ne anekAnta ke paramparA poSita sandarbho meM bhI nyAya kA Azraya nahIM liyA yaha bhI viDambanA aura Azcarya kA viSaya hai| parantu paNDita padamacandra zAstrI ne adamya sAhasa ke sAtha ekalA calo re kI rAha nahIM chor3I aura samAja ko ja rA socie tathA paramparita mUlyoM ke prati apane AlekhoM ke mAdhyama se saceta karate rhe|" - premacandra jaina

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koharAma kisakA? - DaoN. surezacaMda jaina eka lambe arse ke bAda lAlA musaddI lAla jI mere pAsa aae| prAraMbhika ziSTAcAra ke bAda Adatana unhoMne kahA- DaoN.sA.! Apa ajita ToMgyA jI ko jAnate hai? maiMne kahA - nahIM, paricaya to nahIM huA kabhI kahIM mulAkAta huI ho to kaha nahIM sakatA, nAma jarUra sunA hai| kahie kyA bAta hai? Azcarya se ve mujhe dekhate hae bole- Azcarya hai Apa unheM nahIM jAnate Ajakala unhoMne koharAma macAyA huA hai| cauMkane kI bArI merI thI 'koharAma' kaisA koharAma? bAtacIta kA sUtra lete hue ve bole - abhI yAtrA karate hue kuNDalapura gayA thaa| maine pUchA- nAlandA vAlA yA bar3e bAbA vaalaa| bole- bar3e bAbA vAlA kunnddlpur| maiMne kahA vahA~ to aba saba kucha ThIka cala rahA hai| 3 - 4 mAha pahile maiM hokara AyA huuN| ve bole- vahA~ to saba ThIka hai, bar3e bAbA kA atizaya hai, aneka bAdhAoM ke bAda bhI kArya nirbAdha rUpa se cala rahA hai, parantu ujjaina ke mahAnubhAva ajita ToMgyA jI ne kuNDalapura koharAma nAmaka eka pustikA prakAzita kI hai aura anakA dAvA hai ki kuNDalapura meM jo bhI huA vaha mUla paramparA kA ghAta kiyA gayA hai aura pa.pU.A. vidyAsAgara jI kI preraNA aura AzIrvAda se huA hai| maiM unheM TakaTakI lagAkara dekha rahA thA aura ve bole jA rahe the| ToMgyA jI kA kahanA hai ki kuNDalapura bIsapaMthI AmnAya kA maMdira hai yaha bAta unhoMne zrIkAnta caMvare ulhAsanagara vAloM ke eka lekha ke mAdhyama se ujAgara kI hai| zrI caMvare jI ne kahA hai ki kucha samaya pahale vahA~ kI pUjA-paddhati badalI gaI hai| prazna bhI uchAlA hai ki teraha paMtha ke sAdhu yA kameTI ko yaha adhikAra kisane diyA ki vahA~ kI pUjana-paddhati ko badala diyA jaay| navIna maMdira nirmANa ko bhI praznAMkita karate hue bIsa paMtha vAloM kI cintA ujAgara kI hai ki unake mana meM vidroha kI jvAlA dhadhaka rahI hai unakA dila duHkha rahA hai| revAsA, sAMgAnera, bijauliyA evaM cAMdakher3I ke vikAsa ko bhI AmnAya ke praznoM se dekhate hue use parivartana kI saMjJA

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anekAnta 59/3-4 pradAna karake bhArI manabheda aura bhayAvaha sthiti utpanna hone kI cintA vyakta kI hai| thor3A virAma lete hue lAlA jI bole - Apa kyA kahate haiM isa viSaya para? ___ maiMneM gaharI zvAsa lI aura kahA- lAlA jI! lagatA hai ki hamArA samAja Aja jisa daura se gujara rahA hai vaha sukhada bhaviSya kI saMsUcanA to nahIM de rhaa| kAraNa kaI haiM unameM se sabase khataranAka hai paMtha vyaamoh| kahane ko to hama 21vIM sadI meM jI rahe haiN| lekina hamArI mAnasikatA 12 va 13vIM sadI kI hai| duryodhana kI manovRtti aura haThavAditA, ahaMmanyatA hamAre dilo-dimAga para isa kadara hAvI hai ki hama sUrya ke prakAza meM bhI satya ko dekhane-parakhane kI zAkti kho cuke haiN| dambha to vItarAgatA kA hai| yathArtha meM saba apane svArtha kI roTI seMkaneM kI jugata meM hI lage haiN| jahA~ taka kuNDalapura ke bAbA ke nava maMdira kA prazna hai vaha sarvathA ucita hai| pahale bhI sAhU parivAra ne usa maMdira kA jIrNoddhAra karAyA thaa| aba yadi jIrNoddhAra sambhava nahIM thA aura AcArya zrI kI preraNA se vahA~ kI kameTI ne nae maMdira kA nirNaya liyA to kauna sI aisI gAja samAja para gira par3I ki logoM ne purAtatva vibhAga aura nyAyalaya ke daravAje khttkhttaaye| saMskRti saMrakSaNa meM datacitta mahAnubhAvoM ne sambhavataH yaha vicAra karane kA kaSTa nahIM uThAyA ki svayaM kI jAMgha kA phor3A ThIka karAne ke lie DiMDorA na pITa kara cupa-cApa usakA Aparezana karake svastha hone kA upakrama kiyA jAtA hai| purAtatva vibhAga ne kuNDalapura kyA, kahIM bhI jaina maMdira ke jIrNoddhAra karane meM pahala kI ho mujhe jJAta nhiiN| hA~, sAmAjika vaiyavitaka evaM saMkIrNa soca ke calate avazya purAtatva vibhAga ne ror3A aTakAye haiN| vaise usa vibhAga ko kucha lenA denA nhiiN| ___ jIrNoddhAra athavA vikAsa ke nAma para bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janmasthalI vaizAlI kuNDagrAma (kuNDalapura) ko badalakara nAlandA jilA sthita kuNDalapura ko bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janmasthalI ke rUpa meM sthApita pratiSThApita karane meM jaisA prAyojana kiyA gyaa| usa samaya na to ToMgyA jI sAmane Ae aura na hI saMskRti rakSA maMca vaale| kyoMki usa projekTa

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anekAnta 59/3-4 kA prAyojana bIsapaMtha kI samarthaka sAdhvI haiN| eka labdhapratiSTha vidvAna se jaba maineM yaha pUchA ki Apane isakA samarthana kaise kara diyA to unakA uttara thA yadi kSetra kA vikAsa isI byAja se ho rahA hai to hama kyoM Apatti kreN| apanI bAta ko Age bar3hAte hue maiMne kahA - lAlA jI! Aja sAre bhArata meM ghUma AyeM terahapaMthI ho yA bIsapaMthI, pratidina kI pUjA meM acitta sAmagrI kA hI bahutAyata prayoga hotA hai| bhaTTAraka paramparA ne apane caitya - caityAlayoM kI rakSA ke nimitta hI sambhavataH hindu paramparA meM pracalita sacitta pUjA paddhati ko AtmasAt karate hue use pracalita kara diyA hogaa| pUjana paddhati meM prayojanIya sAmagrI Aja bIsapaMtha paramparAnusAra sabake lie pratidina sambhava nhiiN| dakSiNa kI bAta aura hai, vahA~ to Aja bhI pUjana kA mukhya kArya pUjArI ke mAdhyama se hotA hai, zeSa saba mAtra anumodanArtha upasthita rahate haiN| uttara bhArata meM to pUjanArthI svayaM pUjana ko udyata hotA hai| dUsare jarA dakSiNa ke garbhAlayoM kI sthiti ko Apane dekhA hogA ki vahA~ kitanA gahana andhakAra aura dIpaka kI lau kI kAlimA vyApta rahatI hai| khaira, hama bhI vahA~ jAkara darzana pUjana karate haiN| abhI zravaNabelagolA meM pa.pU. bhaTTAraka svAmI jI kI upasthiti meM hama sabhI vidvAnoM ne bhaNDAra-vasadi ke jina mUrtiyoM kA paMcAmRta abhiSeka dekhA thA unhoMne jalAbhiSeka ke bAda spaSTa ghoSaNA kara dI ki jo paMcAmRta abhiSeka mAtra dekhanA cAheM nIce Akara dekheN| yaha thI bhaTTAraka jI kI samanvayAtmaka duur-dRsstti| na dabAva aura na paramparA kI duhaaii| paramparA kI rakSA aura usakI duhAI dene vAloM kI bAnagI dekhiye- lAlA jI! abhI kucha sAla pahile eka pratiSThita AcArya jaba yauna utpIr3ana ke mAmale meM phaMse aura bahacarcita hae to mahAsabhA ke zIrSastha netA se saMyoga se merI bheMTa ho gii| unhoMne acAnaka prazna uchAlA aba kyA kareM? mAmalA to saMgIna hai| yadi ise dabAne kA prayAsa na kiyA gayA to sAdhu - saMsthA badanAma ho jaaygii| sAdhuoM kA nirbAdha AvAgamana bAdhita hogaa| hameM to sAdhu saMsthA kI bAta socanI cAhie, paramparA khaNDita na ho| taba maiMne unheM kahA thA - kabhI na kabhI to sakhta kadama uThAne hogeM anyathA sAdhu-saMsthA

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anekAnta 59/3-4 zithilAcAra se utpanna badanAmI ke bhaMvara meM DUba jaaygii| isa sandarbha meM jo jAMca samiti banI thI usake eka sammAnita sadasya abhI haiM, jinhoMne antima samaya taka jA~ca ko sArvajanika karane kI bAta kahI thI lekina anya sadasyoM ke dabAva ke calate ve antataH taTastha ho gae the| ina prasaMgo ko dekhakara to aisA lagatA hai ki tathAkathita kaTTara bIsapaMtha ke mAnane vAle Aja doharI mAnasikatA se do-cAra haiN| eka ora ve Adhunika hone kA dambha pAla baiThe haiM aura svayaM kI paramparAoM ko prazraya dene vAloM kA AMkha banda kara samarthana karate haiM to dUsarI ora jAyaja aura Avazyaka kAryo ko aMjAma dene vAloM ke prati viSa-vamana karate haiM yA karavAte haiN| donoM hI sthitiyA~ paramparA aura samAja ke lie ghAtaka haiN| teraha aura bIsa kA jhamelA to bahuta thor3A hai| tathAkathita samAja ke hitaiSI akhila bhAratIya stara ke netA loga apanI-apanI maryAdA meM rahe to teraha-bIsa kA jhagar3A utpanna hI nahIM hogaa| mujhe yAda AtI hai ayodhyA ke bAvarI masjida-rAma janmabhUmi prakaraNa kii| ayodhyA phaijAbAda ke sthAnIya logoM kA mantavya thA ki yaha mAmalA sthAnIya hai, ise sthAnIya logoM ko hI sulajhAne denA caahie| lekina rASTrIya stara ke mahAmanA netAoM ko caina nahIM par3A aura jo kucha bhI huA vaha sabake sAmane hai| bAda meM purAtatva vAloM ne jaba khudAI kI to jo cihna mile ve na to bAbarI masjida ke the aura na rAma maMdira ke, jaina paramparA ke cihna milate hI khudAI rukavA dI gii| kyA bIsapaMthiyoM yA saMskRti rakSA kA dagbha karane vAle ise sahI aMjAma dene ke lie Age Ae yA unhoMne sarakAra ko vivaza kiyA ki pUrA mAmalA sApha honA cAhie aura usa sthala ko jainoM ko sauMpA jAnA caahie| lAlA jI! mere jehana meM kaI aise saMdarbha haiM jaba zIrSa netAoM meM mAtra apanI netAgirI camakAne ke lie tathA svArtha siddhi ke lie kabhI tathAkathita zuddhAmnAyI bane to kabhI mhaasbhaaii| mahAsabhA kI nItiyoM ke kaTTara samarthaka bhI tathAkathita zuddhAmnAyI kI chatra chAyA meM upasthita hote hue dekhe jAte haiN| Aja to kabhI apane Apa ko zuddhAmnAyI

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mAnane vAle bhI unhIM sAdhuoM kA AzIrvAda cAhate haiM, jo kabhI unheM suhAte hI nahIM the| sonagar3ha mizana jo Aja jayapura mizana bana cukA hai aura jinakI mAnyatA hai ki virodha ke bajAya apanI lAIna bar3I banAo / janasAmAnya ko apanI vicAradhArA ke anukUla DhAlo saba ThIka ho jAyagA / bAta bhI sahI hai / yathArtha ke dharAtala para Aja jisa taraha vidhivat unakA pracAra prasAra cala rahA hai, usase unakI avadhAraNA kI puSTi hotI hai / Aja yatra-tatra sarvatra unake anuyAyI ekakuTa hokara mizana kI kAmayAbI meM juTe haiM aura tathAkathita paramparA niSTha teraha - bIsa ke jhamele meM ulajhA hai yA ulajhAne kI koziza kI jA rahI hai / sAdhubhakta samAja Aja na to sAdhubhakta hI raha gayA hai aura na hI usakI niSThA hI eka niSTha rahI hai| samAja kA tathAkathita netRtva paMtha vyAmoha ke daladala meM phaMsA huA hai| aisA netRttva kucha kara sakegA isakI saMbhAvanA nahIM ke barAbara hai| mahAbhArata meM kauravoM kI parAjaya kA kAraNa bahunetAvAda thA, vahI sthiti Aja apane samAja kI hai| virodha dara virodha kI nIti kabhI kAragara sAbita nahIM huii| aba jo loga socanA hI nahIM cAheM aura jAnakara bhI anajAna bane rahane kA DhoMga kara rahe haiM unakI kyA kheN| samAja kA Ama vyakti ina saba cIjoM se anajAna ThagA jA rahA hai aura paramparA tathA samucita vikAsa ke aucitya ko vAda-vivAda ke ghere meM lAkara paramparA va samAja kA kauna sA hita sAdhana ToMgyA jI va bIsapaMthI vAle kara rahe haiM, ye ve hI jaaneN| anta meM, lAlA jI / itanA avazya kahUMgA ki saMkIrNatAoM se Upara uThakara tathA vyaktigata mAna/ apamAna ko pare rakhakara, sAMskRtika dharoharoM ke samucita vikAsa para dhyAna kendrita kara hI unakI rakSA ho skegii| isa lambI bAtacIta ke bAda lAlA jI bole- ThIka hai DA.sA.! hama to aba yahIM soceMgeM 'jo jo dekhI vItarAga ne so so hosI vIrA re / ' sampAdaka jaina pracAraka jaina bAlAzrama naI dillI - 2

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jaina darzana meM pramANa kA aitihAsika svarUpa - DaoN. narendra kumAra jaina bhAratIya darzana meM vibhinna darzana paddhatiyoM evaM unakI vibhinna samasyAoM se sambandhita cintana kA kramabaddha prAmANika itihAsa upalabdha nahIM hotaa| vizeSa rUpa se jainadarzana meM pramANamImAMsA kA jaisA vizada, praur3ha evaM gambhIra vivecana pramANa prasthApaka AcAryoM ne kiyA hai, vaisA mUlyAMkana bhAratIya darzana ke itihAsa lekhakoM ne nahIM kiyA hai| antardArzanika paddhatiyoM ke sAtha jainadarzana ke aitihAsika krama kI tattvAbhiniveza, talasparzI, vastupAtI dRSTi jisa rUpa meM sthApita honA cAhie, usa rUpa meM nahIM ho paayii| yadyapi jainavidyA ke gaveSaka, samIkSaka evaM itihAsa lekhaka manISiyoM ne pramANamImAMsA aura tattvamImAMsA ke antargata sambadhita viSayoM para aitihAsika dRSTi se prakAza DAlA hai, parantu vaha bhAratIya darzanoM ke aitihAsika sandarbha meM mUlyAMkana hetu aparyApta hai| samprati AvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai ki mUla granthoM ke gambhIra adhyayana pUrvaka jainetara evaM pAzcAtya darzanoM ke sAtha jaina pramANa siddhAntoM kA tulanAtmaka samIkSaNa karate hue bhAratIya darzanoM ke itihAsa meM mUlyAMkana hetu Thosa kAryayojanA taiyAra kI jaae| yahAM hamArA lakSya 'jainadarzana meM pramANa kA aitihAsika svarUpa' viSaya para saMketa rUpa meM apane mantavya prakaTa kara jainavidyA ke adhyetA manISiyoM kA dhyAna usa ora AkarSita karanA hai| dArzanika yuga kI pramANa vyavasthA se pUrva prAyaH sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM kI dRSTi ke mUla meM jar3a aura cetana kI svataMtra vAstavikatA hai| inake svarUpa aura pArasparika sambandha ke viSaya meM diye gaye mantavyoM meM jaba antara kiyA gayA taba usake prAmANika svarUpa ko siddha karane ke lie sabhI dArzanika sampradAyoM ne kasauTI ke rUpa meM apane-apane mAnaka nirdhArita kiye| usa mAnaka kA prArambhika rUpa vidyA-avidyA,

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anekAnta 59/3-4 jJAna-ajJAna, samyak-mithyA, alaukika-laukika, parA-aparA vidyA Adi kucha bhI rahA ho, dArzanika yuga meM vaha mAnaka pramANa-apramANa ke rUpa meM sabhI sampradAyo me mAnya huA, parantu usake antaraga svarUpa meM ekarUpatA sthApita nahIM ho skii| pramANa zabda pramitijJAna aura usake sAdhana ke liye prayukta kiyA gyaa| pramANa zabda prayoga se pUrva pramANa ke dvArA kiyA jAne vAlA kArya, kina zabdoM ke prayoga dvArA kisa rUpa meM kiyA jAtA rahA, jJAna aura jJAna ke sAdhanoM kA vikAsa kaba huA, isake Adi pravartaka kauna hai, inakA tarkasaMgata uttara denA kaThina hai| yadyapi vibhinna dArzanika paramparAoM meM inake alaga-alaga sAmpradAyika samAdhAna hai, parantu pratIta hotA hai ki mAnava ne jaba svayaM evaM anya bAhya jagat ke sambandha meM apane viveka buddhi kA prayoga kiyA hogA tabhI se jJAna aura jJAna ke sAdhanoM kA prayoga Arambha huA hogaa| jJAta dArzanika sampradAyoM ke AdhAra para aitihAsika nirNaya para pahuMcane meM sabase bar3I bAdhA apane sampradAya ke prati andhazraddhA hai| jaba ve yukti aura tarka ke bala para kisI niSkarSa para nahIM pahuMcate, taba ve use apane sampradAya ke pravartaka kI vANI kahakara yA Agama, zAstra Adi kA ullekha batAkara usakI yathArthatA siddha karate haiN| parantu bhAratIya darzanoM meM jainadarzana kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki vaha andhazraddhA ko sthAna nahIM detaa| jainAcAryoM ne spaSTa ghoSaNA kI hai ki jinake vacana yukti aura zAstra AgamoM meM nibaddha hoM, unase se ahetugamya tattvoM kI pramANikatA siddha hotI hai tathA hetugamya tattvoM kI pramANikatA yukti aura tarka bala se siddha hotI hai| jainadarzana meM pramANa ke vikasita svarUpa ke pUrva samagra cintana kI paramparA tIrthakaroM kI dezanA se jur3I hai, jisakA sarvaprathama upalabdha rUpa dvAdazAMga AgamoM meM dekhA jA sakatA thA, digambara zvetAmbara ke rUpa meM vibhAjita paramparAoM dvArA kramazaH gyAraha aMgoM kA uccheda evaM AvirbhAva mAnane ke kAraNa, mUlabhUta siddhAntoM meM prAyaH samAnatA hone para bhI pramANa, pramANa bheda, naya Adi dArzanika tattvoM kI aitihAsikatA ke

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anekAnta 59/3-4 sandarbha meM matabheda dRSTigocara hote haiN| zvetAmbara paramparA meM mAnya AgamoM meM pramANa, pramANa bheda, naya Adi kI vistRta carcA upalabdha hotI hai, parantu digambara paramparA meM umAsvAmI se pUrva pramANa kA vaisA vivecana nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| pramANa, naya Adi ke dArzanika zailI meM vivecana se pUrva inake vikAsa kA pramukha AdhAra jJAna kA vivecana AtmA kI kramika vizuddhatA ko kendrabindu banAkara Agamika zailI meM kiyA jAtA rahA hai| karmabaddha AtmA kA jJAna jitane aMzoM meM AtmasApekSa evaM jitane aMzoM meM indriya sApekSa hokara prakaTa hotA hai, usI ke AdhAra para utane aMzoM meM usakI kramika pramANikatA kA nirNaya kiyA jAtA rhaa| pramANa ke bheda nirdhAraNa karane meM bhI yahI saiddhAntika mAnyatA AdhAra bnii| dArzanika yuga se pUrva digambara Agamika paramparA meM pramANa kA kArya jJAna ke dvArA siddha kiyA jAtA thaa| donoM meM antara itanA thA ki Agamika paramparA meM jJAna kI mImAMsA mokSamArga ko kendrabindu mAnakara hotI rahI, jabaki pramANamImAMsA kA kSetra mokSamArga ke sAtha sampUrNa bAhya jagat taka vistRta ho gyaa| isa yuga meM AcAryoM dvArA apane granthoM meM heya-upAdeya aura jJeya dRSTi se vivecana kiyA gyaa| unhoMne heya aura upAdeya ke vivecana ke lie nizcaya aura vyavahAra nayoM kA Azraya liyA tathA jJeya dRSTi se vivecana ke lie dravyArthika evaM paryAyArthika nayoM kA Azraya liyaa| vikrama kI pAMcavI zatI meM saMkalita zvetAmbara AgamoM meM jJAna ke svataMtra vivecana ke sAtha pramANa kI bhI svataMtra carcA kI gyii| paM. dalasukha mAlavaNiyA' aura paM. mahendrakumAra nyAyAcArya ne jainadarzana ke sAhityika vikAsa ko cAra yugoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| 1. Agama yugavikrama kI pAcavI za taka 2. anekAnta vyavasthA yuga- vikrama kI AThavIM zatI taka 3. pramANa vyavasthA yuga- vikrama kI satrahavIM zatI taka aura !. navIna nyAya yuga- Adhunika samaya prynt| DaoN. daravArI lAla koTiyA ne I.200 se I.650 naka AdikAna athavA samantabhadra kAla, I. 650 se 1050 taka madhyakAla athavA akalaMka kAna evaM I.1050 se I

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 1700 taka antyakAla athavA prabhAcandra kAla ke rUpa meM jainanyAya ke vikAsa kA kAla mAnA hai|" ye kAla vibhAjana pramANa vyavasthita sthiti ke sambandha meM ThIka haiM, parantu pramANa vyavasthA ke sUtrapAta ke rUpa meM nahIM, kyoMki I. prathama ke lagabhaga jaba jainetara darzanoM meM saMskRta bhASA meM darzana ke granthoM kA praNayana ho rahA thA, usa samaya tattvArthasUtra ke kartA umAsvAmI ne prathama bAra Agamika yuga kI jJAna carcA ko pramANa ke sAtha saMyukta kara pramANa ke bhedAdi kA spaSTa pratipAdana kiyA, jo digambara aura zvetAmbara doMno paramparAoM ko mAnya huA / 21 vaidika paramparA ke Adya upalabdha grantha Rgveda meM yathArtha jJAna ke lie 'pramA' zabda kA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai / " sAyaNa ne pramA zabda kI vyAkhyA meM yajJavedI kI iyattA - parimANa ke lie pramANa tathA iyattA parijJAna ke lie pramiti zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| zatapatha brAhANa evaM chAndogya upaniSad meM 'vAkovAkya' vidyA kA ullekha hai, jo bAda meM tarkavidyA ke rUpa abhihita huI / aitareya brAhANa meM yukti zabda kA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai| 10 carakasaMhitA meM pramANa zabda kA spaSTa ullekha pAyA jAtA hai / " vedoM ke paravartI upaniSad sAhitya meM Atma nirUpaNa ke samaya jina tArkika zabdAvaliyoM evaM vAkyoM kA Azraya liyA gayA hai, ve uttaravartI vaidika darzanoM ke pramANamImAMsA ke AdhAra stambha bane / udAharaNa ke lie vaizeSika sUtra meM yathArtha evaM ayathArtha jJAna ke lie prayukta vidyA evaM avidyA pada upaniSad sAhitya meM prayukta parAvidyA aura aparAvidyA ke vikasita rUpa hai / bAlmIki rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata, manusmRti Adi meM AtmavidyA ke rUpa meM pratiSThita AnvIkSikI vidyA ko hetuzAstra hetuvidyA, tarkavidyA, vAdavidyA Adi nAmoM se abhihita kiyA gayA / 12 kauTilya ne bhI AnvIkSikI vidyA ko sabhI vidyAoM meM uttama kahA hai / 13 vAtsyAyana ne isa vidyA ko nyAyavidyA kahA hai / pramANoM dvArA vastuoM kI parIkSA karanA nyAya hai| isa taraha vaidika darzanoM ke lie gautama kaNAda Adi se pUrva usa paramparA ke manISiyoM ne pramANa kI mUlabhUta siddhAntoM kI sarjanA ke lie mahattvapUrNa yogadAna pradAna kiyA /

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anekAnta 59/3-4 katipaya vidvAno kI dRSTi meM 'nyAyasUtra' ke kartA maharSi gautama pramANa zAstra ke Adi pravartaka mAne gaye haiN| parantu inakA samaya anirNIta hai| sAmAnya rUpa se yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki inakA kAla IsA pUrva chaThI zatAbdI se IsA kI pAMcavI zatAbdI ke madhya kabhI honA caahie||5 vauddha paramparA meM buddha parinirvANa ke pazcAt likhe gaye tripiTaka evaM milindapajho Adi granthoM ke vividha saMvAdoM meM pramANa ke sUtra upalabdha hote haiN| pramANa vyavasthA yuga : pramANa lakSaNa kA vikAsa prAyaH samasta bhAratIya darzanoM ke parama lakSya mokSa ke upAyoM meM pramANoM kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| sabhI ne apanI-apanI paramparA ke anusAra pramANa kA vivecana kiyA hai| kabhI-kabhI eka hI paramparA ke vivecana meM bhI antara dRSTigocara hotA hai| sAmAnyarUpa se bhAratIya pramANa zAstra meM pramANa ke svarUpa ke sambandha meM do dRSTiyA~ dRSTigocara hotI hai- prathama jJAna ko pramANa mAnane vAlI dRSTi evaM dvitIya indriya sannikarSa Adi ko pramANa mAnane vAlI dRSTi / jaina aura bauddha paramparA meM jJAna ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai| donoM meM antara itanA hai ki jaina savikalpaka jJAna ko pramANa mAnate haiM aura bauddha nirvikalpaka jJAna ko pramANa mAnate haiN| dUsarI paramparA vedika darzanoM kI hai jisameM prAyaH indriya sannikarSa Adi ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai arthAt ina paramparAoM meM jJAna ke kAraNa ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai aura jJAna ko usakA phl| jainadarzana meM jJAna ko pramANa mAnane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki jo jAnane kI pramArUpa kriyA hai vaha cetana hone se usameM sAdhakatama usI kA guNa jJAna hI ho sakatA hai| pra+mAna zabda ke yoga se niSpanna pramANa zabda meM pra upasarga pUrvaka mA dhAtu se lyuT pratyaya karane para isakI 'pramiNoti pramIyate'nena pramitimAtraM vA pramANam' vyutpatti kI jAtI hai|16 tAtparya yaha ki pramANa zabda bhAva, kartR aura karaNa tInoM sAdhanoM meM niSpanna hotA hai| bhAva kI vivakSA meM pramA, kartR kI vivakSA meM zakti kI pramukhatA se pramAtRtva tathA

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anekAnta 59/3-4 karaNa kI vivakSA meM pramAtA, prameya aura pramANa kI bheda vivakSA hotI hai| sAmAnya rUpa se 'pramIyate yena tatpramANam' arthAt jisake dvArA padArthoM kA jJAna ho usakA nAma pramANa hai|| jaina dArzanikoM ne jJAna pada ke sAtha samyak, tattva, svaparAvabhAsaka, anadhigatArtha, vyavasAyAtmaka, bAdhavivarjita, avisaMvAda, apUrva Adi vizeSaNa saMyukta kara vibhinna kAloM meM pramANa kI saMskArita aura vikasita paribhASAeM diiN| IsA kI prathama zatI meM hue gRddhapiccha umAsvAmI ne sUtrayuga meM jJAnoM kA pratyakSa aura parokSa ke rUpa meM pramANoM meM vargIkaraNa karake bhI pramANa kI spaSTa paribhASA nahIM dii| inake bAda dvitIya zatI meM hue AcArya samantabhadra ne anekAnta kI sthApanA ke lie pramANa ke suspaSTa svarUpa kA pratipAdana karate hue usake Agamika bheda, viSaya, phala aura pramANAbhAsa Adi pramANa se sambandhita sabhI viSayoM kA yuktiyukta pratipAdana kiyA, jo uttaravartI sabhI pramANazAstriyoM ke lie AdhArabhUmi bnaa| AcArya samantabhadra ke sAmane jahAM pUrvAcAryoM se prApta mantavyoM kA saMrakSaNa karanA thA vahIM dUsarI ora pramANazAstra ke rUpa meM vikasita ho rahI anya dArzanika paramparAoM ke sAtha unakA sAmaMjasya bhI sthApita karanA thaa| isa dohare dAyitva kA A. samantabhadra ne atyanta kuzalatA ke sAtha nirvAha kiyA hai| unhoMne pramANa ko spaSTa paribhASita karate hae likhA hai ki yugapata sarva ke avAbhAsanarUpa tattvajJAna pramANa hai| syAdvAda naye saMskRta kamabhAvi jJAna bhI pramANa hai| svayambhUstotra meM unhoMne svAparAvabhAsI jJAna ko pramANa mAnakara anyatra isI grantha meM vidhiviSaktapratiSedharUpaH pramANam' arthAt vastu ke vidhi aura pratiSedha donoM rUpoM ko grahaNa karane vAlA pramANa batAyA hai| apane yuktyanuzAsana nAmaka stuti grantha meM unhoMne umAsvAmI kI taraha pramANa ko vastutattva ko samyakrUpa se spaSTa karane vAlA batAyA hai|20 pramANa ke lakSaNa meM unhoMne Agamika paramparA kA nirvAha karate hue jJAna kI pUrNa pramANatA sarvabhAsakatva meM siddha kI hai, jo akramabhAvi - kevalajJAnarUpa hone se pramANa hai| jo padArtho ko eka sAtha nahIM jAnate balki kama se jAnate

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anekAnta 59/3-4 haiM ve mati, zruta, avadhi aura manaHparyayajJAna bhI syAdvAda naya se saMskArita hone ke kAraNa kramabhAvi - tattvajJAna ke rUpa meM pramANa hai| jainapramANazAstra ke itihAsa meM samantabhadra ne pramANa ke lakSaNa kI aisI sudRr3ha nIMva rakhI, jisapara uttaravartI AcAryoM ne navIna zabdAvaliyoM kA prayogakara pramANa ke bhavya prAsAda nirmita kiye, parantu mUlasvarUpa meM kisI bhI AcArya ko vizeSa parivartana kI AvazyakatA nahIM pdd'ii| samantabhadra kaM vAda hue AcArya siddhasena ne nyAyAvatAra grantha meM "pramANa svaparAvabhAsi jJAnaM bAdhavivarjitam" likhakara pramANa ko svaparAvabhAsi hone ke sAtha bAdhavivarjita honA bhI Avazyaka batAyA hai| akalaka ne samantabhadrokta pramANa lakSaNa kA samarthana karate hue 'sva' pada ke sthAna para AtmA, para pada ke sthAna para artha tathA avabhAsaka ke sthAna para vyavasAyAtmaka padoM kA prayoga karake unhoMne AtmArthagrAhaka vyavasAyAtmaka jJAna ko pramANa kahA hai|22 anyatra unhoMne anadhigata artha viSayaka avisaMvAdI jJAna ko bhI pramANa ke rUpa meM svIkRta kiyA hai|23 artha ke vizeSaNa anadhigata ko unhoMne anizcata, anirNIta Adi padoM dvArA bhI darzAyA hai| mANikyanandi AcArya ne isa lakSaNa meM apUrva pada kA samAveza kara sva aura apUrva artha ke vyavasAyI jJAna ko pramANa mAnA hai|25 AptamImAMsAbhASya/apTazatI para aSTasahasrI mahAbhASya likhane vAle AcArya vidyAnanda ne pramANa ke lakSaNa meM anadhigata aura apUrva vizeSaNa nahIM diyA hai| isa viSaya meM unakA mantavya hai ki jJAna cAhe apUrva padArtha ko jAne yA gRhIta artha ko, vaha svArthavyavasAyAtmaka hone se pramANa hI hai| isake atirikta unhoMne pramANaparIkSA grantha meM samyagjJAna ko pramANa batAkara use svArthavyavasAyAtmaka siddha kiyA hai| vidyAnanda ke paravartI AcAryo kI paramparA meM hemacandra, dharmabhUSaNa Adi AcAryoM ne bhI samyagjJAna yA samyak artha nirNaya ko hI pramANa svIkRta kiyA hai| jainetara darzanoM meM pramAga nirvikalpaka jJAna ko pramANa mAnane vAlI bauddha paramparA meM samantabhadra

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anekAnta 59/3-4 25 ke bAda hue diGnAga se pUrva pramANa vivecana ko pramukhatA nahIM dI gayI hai| diGnAga ne sarvaprathama ajJAta artha ke prakAzaka jJAna ko pramANa batAkara pramANa kI paribhASA dii| tatpazcAt dharmakIrti ne avisaMvAdI jJAna ko pramANa aura arthakriyAkAritva ko avisaMvAda khaa| vastutaH isa paramparA ke vijJAnavAdI dArzanikoM dvArA bAhya artha kI sattA ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| isalie jJAnagata yogyatA hI unake mata meM pramANa haiM evaM svasaMvedana usakA phl| sautrAntika mata meM bAhya artha kI sattA ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, isalie jJAnagata arthAkAratA yA sArUpya ko pramANa kA phala mAnA gayA hai, parantu donoM eka jJAna ke dharma mAne gaye hai| isa taraha jainadarzana ke sAmane bauddhadarzana meM jJAna ko pramA ke sAdhakatama rUpa meM pramANa mAnA gayA hai, para jaina naiyAyikoM kI dRSTi meM bauddhoM dvArA mAnya jJAnagata sArUpya, jJAnasvarUpa hone para bhI jJAna kA viSayAkAra honA kisI bhI taraha sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki amUrtika jJAna mUrtika padArtho kA AkAra grahaNa nahIM kara sktaa| umAsvAmI ke samakAlIna vaizeSikadarzana ke praNetA kaNAda ne nirdoSa vidyA ko pramANa ke rUpa meM svIkRta kiyA hai| unhoMne indriya doSa tathA saMskAra doSa se utpanna ayathArtha jJAna ko duSTa yA avidyA kahA hai| unakA yaha pramANa lakSaNa kAraNamUlaka thaa| nyAyasUtrakAra gautama ne pramANa ke lakSaNa kA nirdoSa kathana nahIM kiyA hai| kintu unake bhASyakAra vAtsyAyana ne upalabdhi ke sAdhana ko pramANa kahA hai| unhoMne pramIyate'neneti karaNArthAbhidhAno hi pramANazabdaH kahakara karaNa artha meM pramANa zabda kI niSpannatA batAI hai| nyAyadarzana meM isa taraha kAraNa zuddhi se haTakara upalabdhi rUpa phala ko pramANa kA lakSaNa mAnA gayA hai| IsA kI tIsarI zatI ke vidvAn IzvarakRSNakRta sAMkhyakArikA sAMkhyadarzana kA prAmANika grantha mAnA gayA hai| jisameM pramANa ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana nahIM hai, usameM mAtra tIna prakAra ke pramANoM kA hI nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| sAMkhyakArikA ke TIkAkAra vAcaspati mizra ne pramANa ko pramA kA sAdhana kahA hai, jo buddhi yA citta kA dharma mAnA gayA hai| yogadarzana meM bhI pramANa ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana na hokara pAMca prakAra kI vRttiyoM meM

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anekAnta 59/3-4 pramANavRtti kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| donoM sAMkhyayoga darzanoM meM buddhiniSTha jJAna pramANa aura puruSaniSTha jJAna ko pramA kahA gayA hai| isa taraha nyAyavaizeSika darzana meM indriya sannikarSa ko aura sAMkhyayoga darzana meM indriyavRtti ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai| jainatArkikoM kI dRSTi meM sannikarSa aura indriyavRtti acetana ajJAna rUpa hone se apane viSaya kI pramiti ke prati sAdhakatama nahIM ho sktii| apane viSaya kI pramiti ke prati sAdhakatama jJAna hI ho sakatA hai| mImAMsA darzana meM prabhAkara matavAle anubhUti aura jJAtRvyApAra ko pramANa kahate hai| bhATTa paramparA meM ajJAta aura yathArtha artha ke nizcAyaka jJAna ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai| vedAnta darzana meM bhI isI taraha abAdhita artha viSayaka jJAna ko pramA evaM usake karaNa ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai| jainAcAryo kI dRSTi meM eka hI artha kI anubhUti vibhinna prakAra ke vyaktiyoM ko apanI-apanI bhAvanA ke anusAra vibhinna prakAra kI hotI haiN| isalie anubhUti ko kaise pramANa mAnA jA sakatA hai| jJAtA kA vyApAra vastu ke yathArtha pratibodha meM kAraNa nahIM hotA, jisase viparIta dikhAI detA hai| isalie ye pramANa ke lakSaNa sadoSa haiN| pramANa bheda kI aitihAsika paramparA digambara Agamika sAhitya meM kundakunda taka paMcajJAnoM kI vistRta carcA pAI jAtI hai| tathA unake pratyakSa parokSa bheda bhI pAye jAte haiM, parantu unakA pramANoM meM vargIkaraNa nahIM pAyA jaataa| kundakunda ke bAda sUtrakAra umAsvAmI ne pramANa kA nirvacana karane ke sAtha jJAnoM kA pratyakSa aura parokSa rUpa meM vargIkaraNa bhI kiyaa| unhoMne mati aura zruta ko parokSa pramANa tathA avadhi, manaHparyaya aura kevalajJAna ko pratyakSa khaa| yaha vibhAjana Agamika paramparA se haTakara pratIta hotA hai, parantu samIkSaka vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM yaha vibhAjana unake dvArA anya darzanoM ke pramANa nirUpaNa ke sAtha mela baiThAne aura Agamika samanvaya ke lie jJAnakaraNoM kI sApekSatatA aura nirapekSatA para AdhArita thaa| mati,

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anekAnta 59/3-4 M smRti, saMjJA- pratyabhijJAna, cintA- tarka aura abhinibodha- anumAna ko matijJAna ke antargata pramANAntara mAnakara evaM unheM parokSa pramANa kahakara pramANa bheda vyavasthA ke lie unhoMne uttaravartI sabhI jaina tArkikoM kA mArga prazasta kiyaa| samantabhadra ke granthoM meM paMcajJAnoM meM kevalajJAna ke atirikta anya jJAnoM kA spaSTa ullekha nahIM miltaa| tattvArthasUtrakAra kI taraha unhoMne pratyakSa aura parokSa ke rUpa meM pramANa kA vargIkaraNa bhI nahIM kiyaa| unakA vargIkaraNa Agamika paramparA ke anusAra viSayAdhigama ke krama aura akrama para AdhArita thaa| isa prakAra samantabhadra kI dRSTi meM pramANa kA prathama bheda yugapatasarvabhAsanarUpa tattvajJAna- kevalajJAna aura dUsarA pramANa bheda syAdvAda naya se saMskRta kramabhAvI jJAna hai| dhyAtavya hai ki samantabhadra ne kevalajJAna ko sAkSAt ora syAdvAda ko asAkSAt khaa| isake vRttikAra AcArya vasanandi kA mata hai ki syAdvAda aura kevalajJAna ye do pramANa haiN| unhoMne sAkSAt kA artha pratyakSa aura asAkSAt kA artha apratyakSa kiyA hai| akalaMka dvArA bhI samantabhadrokta pramANa bheda kI vyAkhyA meM pratyakSa aura parokSa bhedoM kI aura saMketa kiyA gayA jAna par3atA hai| pratyakSa aura parokSa pramANa ke antargata mati Adi jJAnoM ke vibhAjana viSayaka tattvArthasUtrakAra kI avadhAraNA ke anukaraNa kI spaSTokti samantabhadra kI vyAkhyA ke prasaMga meM akalaMka kI dRSTi bhI anuttarita pratIta hotI hai| samantabhadra ne kevalajJAna kI pUrNa pratyakSatA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara laukika dRSTi se pratyakSa pramANa kI sImA bAhya artha taka vistRta kara dii| sUkSma, antarita aura dUravartI padArtha anumeya hone se kisI ke pratyakSa haiM, jaise - agni aadi|" yahAM samantabhadra dvArA prayukta pratyakSa pada spaSTa rUpa se atIndriya pratyakSa pramANa ke sAtha indriya pramANa kI ora bhI saMketa karatA hai| svayambhUstotram meM Aye dRSTa aura pratyakSa pada pratyakSa pramANa mAne jAne kI ora spaSTa saMketa karate haiN|5 vikasita pramANa yuga meM pAyA jAne vAlA anumAna kA sampUrNa vivecana kramabhAvI jJAna parokSa pramANa ke antargata, samantabhadra ke granthoM meM pAyA jAtA hai|

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anekAnta 59/3-4 samantabhadra ke bAda AcArya siddhasena ne pramANa ke pratyakSa aura parokSa bheda mAne haiN|46 anyatra unhoMne svArtha aura parArtha bheda bhI kiye haiN|7 akalaMka ne samantabhadra aura siddhasena ke pada cihnoM para calate hue unake cintana ko pramukha AdhAra mAnakara yugAnurUpa pramANa bheda vyavasthA kI sthApanA kii| pratyakSa pramANa ke mukhya aura sAMvyavahArika ye do bheda kiye|48 mukhya pratyakSa ko atIndriya pratyakSa khaa| sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa ke indriya pratyakSa aura anindriya pratyakSa tathA eka sthAna para pratyakSa ke prAdezika pratyakSa, anindriya pratyakSa aura atIndriya pratyakSa ke rUpa meM tIna bheda kiye haiN|49 tattvArthavArtika meM sarvArthasiddhi kI taraha pratyakSa ke dezapratyakSa aura sarvapratyakSa bheda kiye gaye haiN|50 akalaMka dvArA svIkRta azaMtaH avizada aura aspaSTa hone kI sthiti meM parokSa pramANa ke nimnalikhita bheda- smaraNa/smRti, pratyabhijJAna/saMjJA, tarka cintA, anumAna/abhinibodha aura Agama/zruta paravartI prAyaH sabhI jaina dArzanikoM ne svIkRta kiye haiM, jinameM darzanAntaroM meM mAnya vyadhika pramANoM kA antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| zvetAmbara mAnya AgamoM meM jJAnoM kI carcA ke sAtha pramANa bhedoM kA bhI spaSTa ullekha kiyA gayA hai| paM. sukhalAla saMghavI ne anamAna kiyA hai ki zvetAmbara AgamoM meM pramANa bhedoM kI carcA bAda meM praviSTa huI hogii| pramANa kA viSaya evaM phala pramANa kA viSaya dravyaparyAyAtmaka, sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka evaM utpAdavyayadhrauvyAtmaka hai, jisakI upalabdhi ekAnta se nahIM ho sakatI, kyoMki artha anekAntAtmaka hai| isa viSaya meM prArambha se adyAvadhi koI vaimatya nahIM hai| sabhI jJAnoM- pramANoM kA phala ajJAna kA nAza hai, yaha vicAra vyakta karate hue samantabhadra ne yugapat sarvAvabhAsaka jJAna pramANa kA phala upekSA evaM kramabhAvI jJAna pramANa kA phala upekSA ke sAtha heya aura upAdeya buddhi ko mAnA hai|52 akalaMka aura vidyAnanda ne sAkSAt aura paramparA phala ke rUpa meM pramANa ke do phala mAnakara unheM kathaMcit

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 pramANa se abhinna aura bhinna mAnA hai 53 tathA samantabhadra kA samarthana kiyA hai| vidyAnanda ne ajJAnanivRttirUpa svArtha vyavasita ko pramANa phala kI vyAkhyA meM saMyukta kara viziSTa bauddhikatA kA paricaya diyA hai| 54 29 jainapramANa zAstra ko samRddha aura vikasita svarUpa pradAna karane vAle AcAryo kA unake kRtitva sahita kAlakrama se vistRta vivaraNa denA isa Alekha meM sambhava nahIM hai| saMkSipta rUpa meM hama kaha sakate haiM ki umAsvAmI, samantabhadra, siddhasena, akalaMka haribhadra, anantavIrya, vidyAnanda, vasunandi, mANikyanandi, vAdIbhasiMha, abhayadevasUri, prabhAcandra, hemacandra, malliSeNa evaM yazovijaya - 18vIM zatI Adi AcAryo ne jainapramANa zAstra ke vikAsa meM mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyA hai| vIMsavI - ikkIsavIM zatI ke munirAja zrIpramANasAgara jI dvArA sarala aura prAMjala bhASA meM sRjita 'jainadharma aura darzana' eka aisI anUThI kRti hai, jisake svAdhyAya se jainadharma darzana ke durUha gambhIra viSayoM ko atyanta sugama rIti se hRdayaMgama kiyA jA sakatA hai| yadi unake dvArA jainapramANa zAstra ke itihAsa kA isI taraha sarala bhASA meM lekhana ho jAye, to jainanyAya ke jijJAsuoM kA mahAn kalyANa ho sakatA hai| niSkarSa yaha ki pramANa vyAsthA se pUrva sabhI darzanoM meM prAyaH jar3a aura cetana kI svataMtra vAstavikatA ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| inake svarUpa aura pArasparika sambandha kI sthiti satya siddha karane ke lie sabhI ne kasauTI ke rUpa meM pramANa vyavasthA se pUrva vidyA avidyA, samyak mithyA Adi ko AdhAra banAkara apane mata ko sthApita karane ke prayatna kiye| bAda meM lagabhaga IsA kI prathama zatI meM prAyaH sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM ke dvArA vastutattva kI satyatA siddha karane ke lie mAnaka ke rUpa meM pramANa ko mAnya kiyA / pramANa kA sUtrapAta evaM pramANa vyavasthA kA aitihAsika kAla prAyaH sabhI darzanoM kA samAna hai| sAmAnyarUpa se pramA ke sAdhakatama karaNa ko bhI sabhI ne pramANa mAnA hai, parantu karaNa ke viSaya meM, anyadarzanoM se jainadarzana kI dRSTi bhinna hai / anyadarzanoM meM jahAM jJAna ke kAraNa ko pramANa evaM jJAna ko usakA phala kahA hai| vahAM

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 jainadarzana meM jAnane rUpa kriyA ke cetana hone se usameM sAdhakatama usI kA guNa jJAna hI ho sakatA hai / isalie isa paramparA meM samyagjJAna ko hI pramANa mAnA gayA hai, jisameM vibhinna kAloM meM jainAcAryoM dvArA pramANa ke svarUpa meM diye gaye avisaMvAda, apUrva Adi sabhI vizeSaNa garbhita ho jAte hai / pramANamImAMsA para cintana karane vAle AcAryo kI vaha paramparA umAsvAmI, samantabhadra Adi se lekara 18vIM zatI ke AcArya yazovijaya taka avicchinna rUpa se vRddhiMgata hotI rahI, jisameM AptamimAMsA Adi ke kartA svAmI samantabhadra jainanyAya ke janaka kahe gaye / vaidika darzana ke lie pramANamimAMsA hetu RgvedAdi vizAla sAhitya upalabdha hone para bhI pramANa kA sUtrapAta evaM vyavasthA karane vAle sabhI AcAryo kA kAla prAyaH samAna hai / pramANa viSayaka vivecana ke lie jaina paramparA meM kundakunda taka jJAna vivecana kI Thosa AdhAra bhUmi pramANa vivecaka AcAryo ko prApta huI, jisake AdhAra para sarva prathama umAsvAmI ne pramANa kA sUtrapAta kiyA / tatpazcAt samantabhadra aura siddhasena ina do AcAryo ne pramANa kI sUtrapAta rUpI nIMva para pramANa kA bhavya prAsAda nirmita kiyA / inake uttaravartI akalaka, vidyAnanda Adi AcAryo kA Azraya lekara pramANacarcA ko yugAnurUpa DhAMce meM DhAlane kA prayatna kiyA / 30 sandarbha nirdeza 1. AptamImAMsA, samantabhadra, vIra sevA mandira TrasTa, dillI, san 1961, kArikA 6, 2. sanmatiprakaraNa, siddhasena, sa. sukhalAla sadhavI, be doSI jJAnodaya TrasTa, ahamadAbAda, 1963, gAthA 45, 3. Agama yuga kA jainadarzana, paM. dalasukha mAlavaNiyA, sanmati jJAnapITha, AgarA 1966, 4. vahI pRSTha 281, 5. jainadarzana, paM. mahendrakumAra jaina, gaNeza varNI jaina granthamAlA, vArANasI, 1974, pR. 11, 6 jainanyAya, pa. kailAzacandra zAstrI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, pra. sa. 1966, bhUmikA pR. 10, 7. Rgveda sAyaNabhASya sahita, vaidika saMzodhana maMDala, tilaka ma. vidyApITha pUnA, 1946, 10.130.3, 7, 8. vahIM, sAyaNabhASya, pR 785-787, 9. zatapatha brAhmaNa, 4. 6.9.20, 11.5.6.8 Adi, 10. aitareya brAhmaNa, 6.23, 11. carakasaMhitA, sUtrasthAna 11.32, 12. vAlmIki rAmAyaNa, ayodhyAkANDa, 1.13.23, 7. 53.15, mahAbhArata, Adiparva 1.67, zAntiparva 180.47, 210.12, 256.12 Adi, manusmRti, 2.11, 6.50 Adi, 13. kauTilIyam arthazAstram, bhAga 1, pRSTha 26, 28, 14. nyAyadarzana,

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anekAnta 59/3-4 nyAyasUtra, nyAyabhA nyAyavA.Adi saskRta granthamAlA kalakattA 1936 pR. 38,52, 15 bhAratIya darzana, saM. DaoN. na.ki devarAja, uttara pradeza hindI sasthAna lakhanaU dvi.saM. 1978, pR 260, 16. sarvArthasiddhi, pUjyapAda, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, san 1935, 1.10, 17. A mI kArikA 101, 18. samantabhadra granthAvalI, akalaMkakRta, AptamImAMsAbhASya eva pa jugalakizora mukhtAra ke hindI anuvAda sahita, sakalana, DaoN gokulacandra jaina, vIra sevA mandira TrasTa, bInA 1989, svaya. 63, 19. vahI, 101, 20. vahI, yuktyanuzAsana 6, 21 nyAyAvatAra, siddhasena, parama zruta prabhAvaka maDala bambaI san 1950, 1, 22. A. mI bhASya, 36, 23 laghIyastraya, kA. 60, 24. vahI, 101, 25. parIkSAmukha,11, 26. pramANaparIkSA, vidyAnanda, DaoN. da. lA. koThiyA, vIra sevA mandira TrasTa, vArANasI, 1977 pR 5, 27. tattvArthazlokavArtikam manoharalAla nirNaya sAgara presa, bambaI 1918, 1 10 77,78, 28 pramANamImAMsA, hemacandra, saM. sukhalAla saMdhavI jaina grantha. ahamadAbAda 1939, 1.1.2, 29. nyAyadIpikA, dharmabhUSaNayati, vIra sevA mandira, sarasAvA, 1945 paM. 9, 30 pramANasamuccayavRtti sahita, maisUra vizvavidyAlaya, pR. 11, 31. pramANavArtikam, 13, 32 tattvasagraha paMjikA. pR 319, 33 apTasahasrI, vidyAnanda, akalUja, solApura, 1915, pR. 276, 34. vaizeSikasUtra, 9.2.12, 35. vahIM, 36. nyAyabhASya pR. 91, 37. sAMkhyatattvakomudI, pR. 216, 38. yogasUtra,1.5, 39. prakaraNapaMjikA kA. hi. vi. vi. kAzI, 1961, pR. 104,40. mImAsAsUtra, 1.1.5 evaM zlokavArtikam co. sUtra zloka 80, 41. vedAntaparibhApA. pR. 16, 42. A. mI 105, 43. A. mI. vRtti, 44. A. mI. 5, 45. svaya. 138 Adi tulanIya A. mI. 5,7,24 eva 26 yukta. 22, 33, 38 Adi, 46. nyAyAvatAra, 4, 47 vahI, 48. ladyIyastraya 4, 49. vahI, vRtti 4, 50. tattvArthavArtikam 1.20, 51. dekhe, bhASA TippaNa pramANamImAMsA, 52. A. mI kA. 102, 53 bhASya 102 eva a. sa. 102, 54 pra. pa. pR. 66, 55. jainadharma aura darzana, muni zrI pramANasAgara, prakAzaka, pArasa homsa 22, ahiMsA, purAnA kabAr3akhAnA, jumarAtI, bhopAla, cha. saM. 2000, 56 samantabhadra avadAna, DaoN. narendra kumAra jaina, prakAzaka, syAdvAda prasAriNI sabhA, caitanya nilaya 3/359 nyU vidyAdhara nagara, jayapura, rAjasthAna, pra. saM. 2001 / -III bI 25, neharunagara gAjiyAbAda (u.pra)

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'rAjasthAna ke kalAtmaka jaina maMdira' ___-DaoN. kamalA garga jaina dharma kA uddezya hai manuSya kI paripUrNatA arthAt saMsArI AtmA kI svayaM paramAtmatva meM prinnti| vyakti meM jo antarnihita divyatva hai use svAtmAnubhUti dvArA abhivyakta karane ke lie yaha dharma preraNA detA hai aura sahAyaka hotA hai| saMbhavatayA yahI kAraNa hai ki jainoM ne sadaiva lalitakalAoM ke vibhinna rUpo ko prazraya evaM protsAhana diyaa| deza ke sAMskRtika bhaNDAra ko unhoMne kalA aura sthApatya kI agaNita vividha kRtiyoM se sampanna kiyA, jinameM se anekoM kI bhavyatA aura kalA-garimA itanI utkRSTa bana par3I hai ki unakI upamA nahIM miltii| sthApatya zabda se tAtparya mUrtiyoM athavA bhavanoM ke nirmANa kI kisI eka vizeSa zailI se hai, yaha sImita artha hai| sthApatya ke artha meM vyavahata hone vAle anya zabda "vAsta kalA" aura "zilpa kalA" haiN| isameM vAstu kalA adhika vyAvahArika evaM tarkasammata hai| yaha zabda auroM se adhika pracalita to hai hI, sAtha hI, artha kSamatA ki dRSTi se bhI vyApakatva lie hue hai| "zilpa kalA" prastara zilpa arthAt mUrti nirmANa ke kauzala taka hI sImita raha gayA hai| ataH isameM sthApatya yA vAstukalA jaise zabdoM kA sthAna lene kI kSamatA nahIM hai| maMdira sthApatya prAcIna kAla se hI mUrti pUjA ke Arambha aura vikAsa ke caraNoM ke sAtha hI vikasita huA hai| isakI pragati vibhinna kAloM meM pUjA-vidhAnoM meM hone vAle parivartanoM ke sAtha hotI rhii| maMdira-sthApatya kalA kA vikAsa pratyakSataH mUrti-pUjA ke pariNAmasvarUpa huA, jo jainoM meM kama se kama itihAsa-kAla ke AraMbha se pracalita rahI hai| apane maMdiroM ke nirmANa meM jainoM ne vibhinna kSetroM aura kAloM kI pracalita zailiyoM ko to apanAyA, kintu unhoMne apanI svayaM kI saMskRti

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anekAnta 59/3-4 aura siddhAMtoM kI dRSTi se kucha lAkSaNika vizeSatAoM ko bhI prastuta kiyA, jinake kAraNa jainakAla ko eka alaga hI svarUpa mila gyaa| ___prAcIna jaina maMdiroM ke avazeSa prAyaH lupta ho gae haiM, sambhavataH isakA kAraNa hUNoM kA AkramaNa hai| jo avazeSa abhI bace hue haiN| unakA samaya-samaya para jIrNoddhAra hotA rahA hai, jisake kAraNa ve apanA parivartana kara cuke haiN| ataH aba jaina maMdiroM kI prAcIna sthApatya sambadhI jAnakArI prApta honI kaThina ho gaI hai| isa kAraNavaza lagabhaga 8vIM zatAbdI se hameM madhyakAlIna jaina maMdiroM ke sthApatya sambandhI jAnakArI prApta hotI hai| yahA~ jaina maMdiroM se tAtparya jaina dharma ke anuyAyiyoM ke saMrakSaNa meM banavAe hue maMdira haiN| rAjasthAna ke adhikatara madhyakAlIna jaina maMdira nAgara zailI ke haiN| rAjasthAna meM prAyaH sabhI sthAnoM para jaina maMdira vidyamAna haiM, lekina sabhI maMdiroM kA jaina sthApatya dRSTi se apanA vizeSa lakSaNa nahIM hai| AThavIM, navIM tathA 10vIM zatI ke maMdira sAdhAraNa haiM, jo gupta kAla ke aMtima carama ke anukaraNa haiN| 11vIM aura 12vIM zatAbdI ke maMdira eka lambe anubhava aura lagAtAra vikAsa kA pariNAma haiN| isa samaya jaina sthApatya zailI apanI carama bindu para pahuMca cukI thI, tathA eka do zatAbdiyoM taka vikasita hotI rahI, parantu aisA hone para isane apanI pUrNatA aura zuddhatA vismRta kara dI, jo usane Arambhika samaya meM prApta kI thii| usa carama bindu para pahu~cane ke pazcAt usakA patana prArambha ho gayA, jisake udAharaNa hameM vartamAna samaya taka upalabdha hai| rAjasthAna ke prArambhika madhya kAla ke maMdira naSTaprAya ho gae haiN| avaziSTa maMdiroM meM pramukha pAlI jile kA ghAnerAva tathA jodhapura jile kA osiyAM maMdira mahatvapUrNa haiN| osiyAM (prAcIna upakeza) rAjasthAna kA sabase purAnA madhyayugIna kalA aura sthApatya kA udAharaNa hai| yahA~ AThavIM zatAbdI ke maMdira prAcInatama haiN| yahA~ kA pramukha maMdira mahAvIra maMdira hai, jo osiyAM ke

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 pazcima meM sthita hai / zilAlekha ke anusAra isa maMdira kA nirmANa pratIhAra vatsarAja ke zAsanakAla meM huaa| isa maMdira meM eka bar3I jagatI hai, jo pramukha maMdira aura anya maMdiroM ko AdhAra die hue hai| mukhya maMdira kA mukha uttara kI ora hai| isameM mUlaprAsAda gUr3hamaNDala, maNDapa, mukha - catuSkI hai / isake kucha dUrI para eka toraNa hai / dvAra maNDapa ke sAmane vAlANaka hai / garbhagRha ke donoM ora tathA pIche kI ora eka AcchAdita vIthI nirmita hai / mukha-maNDapa tathA toraNa ke bIca ke rikta sthAna ke donoM pArzvo meM yugala devakulikAe~ nirmita kI gaI haiN| garbhagRha eka vargAkAra kakSa hai, jisameM tIna agoM arthAt bhadra, pratiratha tathA karNa kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| isakI uThAna meM, pITha ke antargata eka vizAla bhitta vistRta aMtara - patra aura caitya toraNoM dvArA alaMkRta kapota sammilita haiM, jinake Upara basaMta - paTTikA caukI ke samAnAntara sthita pITha ke Upara vedI-baMdha sthita hai / vedI-baMdha ke kuMbha devakulikAoM dvArA alaMkRta haiN| jaMghA kI pariNati padma vallariyoM kI zilpAkRti ke rUpa meM hotI hai aura varaNDikA ko Adha 34 ra pradAna karatI hai| garbhagRha ke bhadroM ko uccakoTi ke kalatmaka jharokhoM se yukta gavAkSoM se saMbaddha kiyA gayA hai| ye gavAkSa kamalapuSpoM, ghaTapallavoM, kIrtimukhoM tathA latAgulmoM ke aMkana dvArA surucipUrvaka alaMkRta kiye gae haiN| gUr3ha - maNDala kI rUparekhA meM do tatva sammilita haiM, bhadra aura karNa / isakI jaMghA ke agrabhAga kA alaMkaraNa yakSoM, yakSiyoM aura vidyAdeviyoM kI pratimAoM dvArA kiyA gayA hai, jisakA saundarya adbhuta hai / trikamaNDapa kA zikhara gUr3ha-maNDapa ke sadRza phAnasanA prakAra kI do paMktiyoM vAlA hai / phAnasanA chata ghaNTA dvArA AveSTita hai| isake tribhujAkAra toraNoM kI tIna phalakoM meM devI-devatAoM kI pratimAe~ utkIrNa kI gaI haiN| zAlA ke cAroM staMbha mUla rUpa se caukora haiM aura unheM ghaTa- pallava, nAgapAza aura vizAla kIrtimukhoM dvArA alaMkRta kiyA gayA hai / zAlA ke Upara kI chata nAbhicchaMda zailI meM nirmita hai aura usakI racanA sAde gajatAluoM dvArA hotI hai| gUr3ha-maNDapa kI bhittiyoM meM paryApta gaharAI kI dasa devakulikAe~ haiM / ina devakulikAoM ke zIrSa para nirmita bhavya caitya - toraNoM para jaina devatAoM kI AkRtiyA~ nirmita haiN| isa samaya

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anekAnta 59/3-4 toraNa stambha hI avaziSTa haiN| isa toraNa para saMvat 1035 kA zilAlekha hai jise sarvaprathama DhAkI dvArA prakAza meM lAyA gyaa| isase pahale bhaNDArakara ne isakA samaya par3hane meM bhUla kI thI aura 1075 par3hA thaa| osiyAM ke mahAvIra maMdira ke vibhinna bhAgoM kA sahI samaya bahuta samaya se vivAdAspada hai| upakezagaccha paTTAvalI isakI mUrti kA samaya pA~cavIM zatAbdI svIkAra karatI hai| aitihAsika evaM purAtAtvika pramANoM ke AdhAra para osiyAM AThavIM zatA. se pahale astitva meM nahIM AyA thaa| "kaksUrI" ne apane "nAbhInandana jIrNoddhAra" meM maMdira kA 961 meM pAye jAne kA ullekha kiyA hai aura yaha kathana "osavAla utpatti" ke samAnAntara hai| bhaNDArakara ke niSkarSa ke anusAra yaha maMdira anya prAcIna jaina maMdiroM ke samAna donoM dizAoM tathA pIche se usake sahAyaka maMdiroM dvArA ghirA huA hai, jisakA patA unakI zailI se calatA hai, jo ki maMdira ke samakAlIna nahIM hai aura 10vIM zatAbdI ke pratIta hote haiN| sambhavataH unakA nirmANa taba huA jaba jinadatta dvArA nAlapaMDapa kA punarnirmANa kiyA gyaa| parsI brAuna ke anusAra yaha maMdira sarvaprathama AThavIM zatAbdI ke antima caraNa meM banavAyA gayA thA aura 10vIM zatAbdI meM isakA punarnirmANa kiyA gayA thA, jo maMdira ke vibhinna bhAgoM ke sthApatya ko dekhane se patA calatA hai|' ghAnerAva kA mahAvIra maMdira eka mahatvapUrNa jaina tIrtha hai| yaha maMdira uttaramukhI hai| isa maMdira kA mUla prAsAda gUr3ha maNDapa se tathA mukhamaNDapa se jur3A hai| mukhamaNDapa ke pIche raMgamaNDapa hai, jisake zIrSa para prAkAra hai| maMdira ke garbhagRha kI racanA zailI sarala hai, jisameM kevala do avayava haiM - bhadra aura krnn| pradakSiNApatha ke tIna ora banAye gaye bhadra-prakSepoM ko gUr3hamaNDapa kI bhittiyoM kI bhA~ti sundara jharokhoM dvArA sajAyA gayA hai, jinase prakAza prasphuTita hotA hai| maMdira kI racanA jADya kuMbha ke pITha-baMdhoM, kalaza tathA sAdI paTTikAoM ko AdhAra pradAna karane vAlI yugala bhittiyoM dvArA huI hai| pITha ke Upara sAmAnya rUpa se pAye jAne vAle vedI-baMdha sthita haiM, jo sAdA hote hue bhI AkarSaka haiN| pratyeka jharokhe

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anekAnta 59/3-4 yukta bhadra ke madhya meM bhitti se thor3A bAhara kI ora nikalatI huI deva-kalikAe~ nirmita kI gaI haiN| jaMghAoM ke konoM para do bhujAoM vAle digpAloM kI suDaula AkRtiyoM utkIrNa kI gaI haiM, jo manohara tribhaMga mudrA meM khar3I haiM aura jinheM kIcakoM ne uThAyA huA hai| gUr3ha maNDapa ke sinnikaTa trika-maNDapa ke prAcIra staMbhoM para nauveM aura dasaveM digpAla brahmA tathA anaMta kI mUrtiyA~ bhI dikhAI par3atI haiN| jaMghA ke sthAna para chajjoM para rAjasainika, vedikA, AsanapaTTa, kakSAsana goTe lagAe gae haiM, jo choroM para zilpAMkano tathA spaMdanazIla AkRtiyA~ se alaMkRta haiN| trika maNDapa ke sabhI chaha staMbha tathA cAra prAcIra-staMbha bhavya haiM aura unake UparI bhAga lalita rUpa meM utkIrNa haiN| mukha-catuSkI ke sopAna ke donoM pAvoM para vidyA-deviyA~ tathA yakSoM kI AkRtiyA~ banI huI haiN| aMtastha bhavana kI chata para manoraMjaka aura vividhatApUrNa AkRtiyoM kA citraNa kiyA gayA hai| mukha-catuSkI para masUrAkAra kSipta-vimAna kA nirmANa kiyA gayA hai, jo nAbhicchaMda zailI meM hai| isa zailI kI nirmitiyA~ varmana ke brAhmaNasvAmI maMdira, auvA ke kAmezvara maMdira aura gyArasapura ke mAlAdevI maMdira jaise prAcIna maMdiroM meM dekhI jA sakatI haiN| trika-maNDapa kI kendrIya chata samatala vitAna ke rUpa meM hai, jisameM daNDa-rAsa ke utkIrNa kalA-piNDoM se yukta prabhAga darzAe gae haiN| isa prakAra koTAI anya jagahoM se bhI jAne jAte hai| isake bAyIM ora kI paMktiyoM meM nAbhicchaMda zailI meM gajatAluoM ke sAtha kSipta vitAnoM kI racanA kI gaI hai| gUDha-maNDapa meM pA~ca zAkhAoM ke dvAramArga kA nirmANa kiyA gayA hai, jisa para patra-zAkhA aura rUpa-zAkhA utkIrNa hai aura pArzvabhAga vyAloM apsarAoM, padmapatra-zAkhA tathA ratna zAkhA se alaMkRta kiye gaye haiM, jisake nIce nAgoM kI AkRtiyA~ banI huI haiN| saradala tathA rUpa zAkhA kI devakulikAoM meM vidyAdeviyoM athavA yakSiyoM kI bIsa AkRtiyA~ utkIrNa haiN| garbhagRha kA dvAra gUDha-maNDapa ke samAna aura apane vAhanoM para ArUr3ha vidyAdeviyoM aura yakSiyoM kI AkRtiyA~ rUpa-staMbhoM para utkIrNa haiN| DhAkI, jinhoMne isa maMdira kA vistRta adhyayana kiyA hai ise vAstukalA kI

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anekAnta 59/3-4 mAru-gurjara zailI kI medapATa (mevAr3a) zAkhA kA eka utkRSTa udAharaNa mAnate hai aura unhoMne jagata ke aMbikA maMdira se zailIgata samAnatAoM ke AdhAra para isakA nirmANakAla madhya dasavIM zatAbdI ThIka hI nirdhArita kiyA hai| isa kAlAvadhi kA puSTIkaraNa isa sthAna para pAye gaye eka pAdapITha se hotA hai, jisa para 954I. kA eka lekha bhI utkIrNa hai, kintu aba vaha pAdapITha aprApya hai| jayapura meM sAMgAnera sthita siMghI jI kA maMdira kalAtmakatA kA udAharaNa hai| isa bhavana ke mahatvapUrNa aMga surakSita haiN| isa maMdira kI pramukha vizeSatAoM meM do bar3e kakSa zikhara-yukta garbhagRha susajjita dvAra aura mUrtyakana-yukta aMta bhAga jisameM devatAoM kI AkRtiyA~ tathA alaMkaraNoM kI pratIkAtmaka abhivyakti haiN| __delavAr3A ke AbU maMdira to vizvavizruta haiN| ina maMdiroM kI sthApatya kalA ne saMsAra kI zilpazAstrIya paramparA meM kIrtimAna sthApita kiyA hai, vaha hai- daNDanAyaka vimala dvArA 1032I. meM AbU para banavAyA gayA AdinAtha kA saMgamaramarakA prasiddha maMdira, jo vimala vasahi ke nAma se prasiddha hai| isake garbhagRha, gUDha-maNDapa aura trika-maNDapa hI mUla bhAga haiN| usake zeSa bhAga 12vIM zatA. meM jor3e gae haiN| yaha maMdira eka nirandhara prAsAda hai| mUla prAsAda, gUDhamaNDapa mukhamaNDapa raMgamaNDapa se susajjita hai| yaha vAvana devakulikAoM se ghirA huA hai| isake bAhara balAnaka ke sAmane hastizAlA hai| hastizAlA vimala vasahi maMdira ke mukhya dvAra ke sAmane banI huI hai| isa hastizAlA ke andara tIna paMktiyoM meM saMgamaramara ke sundara kArIgarI yukta jhUla, pAlakI aura aneka prakAra ke AbhUSaNoM kI nakkAzI se suzobhita 10 hAthI haiN| ina saba para eka-eka seTha tathA mahAvata baiThate the| pratyeka hAthI ke hode ke pIche chatradhara athavA cAmaradhara kI do-do khar3I mUrtiyA~ thIM kintu ve saba khaMDita ho gaI haiN| vimala vasahi ke mukhya dvAra aura hastizAlA ke bIca meM eka bar3A sabhA maNDapa hai| usakA nirmANa kAla aura nirmANa ke viSaya meM kucha bhI sAmagrI upalabdha nahIM hai| isa sabhA maNDapa ke eka staMbha ke pIche patthara ke eka choTe staMbha

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anekAnta 59/3-4 meM isa prakAra kA dRzya banA hai- eka tarapha eka puruSa ghor3e para baiThA hai, eka chatradhara usa para chatra rakha rahA hai| isa dRzya ke dUsarI tarapha vahI manuSya hAtha jor3a kara khar3A hai| ina para chatra rakhakara eka chatradhara khar3A hai| pAsa meM strI tathA putra khar3e haiN| nIce saMvat rahita lekha khudA hai, jisameM bArahavIM zatAbdI ke suprasiddha rAjyamAnya zrAvaka zrIpAla kavi ke bhAI zobhita kA varNana hai| delavAr3A ke prasiddha jaina maMdiroM meM vimala vasahi ke bAda banane vAlA lUNa vasahi maMdira mahAmAtyavastupAla-tejapAla dvArA banavAyA gyaa| vimala vasahi maMdira ke pAsa hI usI ke samAna uttama kArIgarI-nakkAzI vAle saMgamaramara kA mUla gaMbhArA, gUr3ha maNDapa, nava caukiyA~, raMga maNDapa, balAnaka khattaka, jagati kI dehariyoM tathA hastizAlA se atyanta suzobhita haiN| isa maMdira ke gUDha maNDapa ke mukhya dvAra ke bAhara nava caukiyoM meM daravAje ke donoM tarapha alaMkRta nakkAzI vAle do Ale haiN| isa maMdira kA alaMkaraNa vimala-vasahi ke samAna hai| vimala-vasahi aura lUNa-vasahi maMdiroM kI dIvAreM, dvAra, staMbha, maMDapa, toraNa aura chata ke gumbaja meM na kevala phUla, jhAr3a, bela, bUTe, har3iyA~ aura jhUmara Adi vibhinna prakAra kI vicitra vastuoM kI khudAI hI kI hai; apitu hAthI, ghor3e, U~Ta, vyAghra, siMha, matsya, pakSI, manuSya aura deva-deviyoM kI nAnA prakAra kI mUrtiyoM ke sAtha hI sAtha manuSya jIvana ke jur3e aneka prasaMga- jaise rAja darabAra, savArI, varaghor3A bArAta, vivAha prasaMga meM caurI Adi nATaka, saMgIta, raNasaMgrAma, pazu carAnA, samudra yAtrA pazupAloM kA gRha- jIvana, sAdhu aura aneka zrAvakoM kI aneka prasaMgoM kI dhArmika kriyAe~, va tIrthakarAdi mahApuruSoM ke jIvana ke aneka prasaMgoM kI bhI bar3I sundara manohara khudAI kI hai| maMdira kI deharI na.9 ke dUsare gumbaja meM dvArikA nagarI aura samavasaraNa kA dRzya hai, usake madhya meM tIna gar3ha vAlA samavasaraNa hai| jisake madhya meM jina mUrti yukta deharI hai| samavasaraNa kI eka tarapha eka paMkti meM sAdha zuoM kI bAraha bar3I aura do choTI mUrtiyA~ haiN| dUsarI tarapha eka paMkti meM zrAvakoM aura dUsarI paMkti meM zrAvikAyeM hAtha jor3a kara baiThI haiN| gumbaja ke

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anekAnta 59/3-4 eka kone kI caukar3I meM samudrako dikhAyA hai| usa samudra meM se khAr3I nikAlI gaI hai, jinameM jalacara jIva krIr3A kara raheM haiN| khAr3I meM jahAja bhI hai| samuda ke kinAre ke AsapAsa jaMgala kA dRzya hai| jaMgala ke eka pradeza meM eka mandira va bhagavAna kI pratimA yukta eka deharI hai| gumbaja ke dUsare kone meM girinAra parvatastha maMdiroM kA dRzya hai, zikhara yukta cAra maMdira haiN| maMdira ke bAhara bhagavAna kI kAyotsarga dhyAna kI khar3I mUrti hai| maMdira choTI-choTI dehariyoM tathA vRkSoM se ghire hue haiN| maMdiroM ke pAsa ke bIca kI paMkti meM pUjA kI sAmagrI-kalaza, phUla-mAlA, dhUpadAna aura cAmarAdi hAtha meM lekara zrAvaka loga maMdiroM kI ora jAte haiN| unake Age chaH sAdhu bhI haiN| jinake hAtha meM oghA va mu~hapatti ke atirikta eka ke hAtha meM tarapaNI ora eka ke hAtha meM daMDa hai| anya saba paMktiyoM meM hAthI, ghor3e, pAlakI, nATaka, vajiMtra, paidala senA tathA manuSyAdi haiN| ve saba maMdira kI athavA samavasaraNa kI tarapha jina darzanArtha jA rahe hoM / 12 'kumAra' mAsika ke saMpAdaka ne ina maMdiroM kI saMdaratA ko ina zabdoM meM vyakta kiyA "vimalazAha kA delavAr3e meM banavAyA haA mahAna devAlaya samasta bhAratavarSa meM zilpakalA kA apUrva anupama namUnA hai| delavAr3e ke maMdira kevala jaina maMdira hI nahIM haiM, ve gujarAta ke atulanIya gaurava kI pratimA hai|" jaina maMdiroM meM kucha ullekhanIya jaina maMdira jaisalamera ke durga meM bhI pAye gae haiN| jinameM pArzvanAtha, AdinAtha zAMtinAtha, saMbhavanAtha aura mahAvIra Adi ke haiN| ina maMdiroM ke viSaya meM r3hAkI kA mata ullekhanIya hai ki 'registAnI nirjana kSetra meM lagabhaga eka zatAbdI taka ina maMdiroM kA nirmANa mAno eka vaMza paraMparAnugata krama meM huA hai- jaise pitA ke uparAMta putra janma letA hai| inakI vikAsa paramparA nirvighna rUpa meM sthira gati se bar3hatI rahI hai jise dekhakara isakI pragati athavA anyathA sthiti kA anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai|"14 ina maMdiroM meM sabase prAcIna maMdira pArzvanAtha 15vIM zatAbdI kI kalAtmakatA kA utkRSTa toraNa, alaMkRta mukha-catuSkI, raMga-maNDapa,

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anekAnta 59/3-4 trika-maNDapa gUDha-maNDapa mUla-maNDapa ke staMbha aura chata ke alaMkaraNoM meM kucha avaziSTa AlaMkArika vizeSatAe~ prAcIna mahA-mAru sthApatyIya zailI kA smaraNa karAtI haiN| yaha maMdira patra, puSSoM, pazu, pakSiyoM, mAnava-AkRtiyoM tathA AlaMkArika kalA pratIkoM ke samRddha aMkana dvArA ati-susajjita hai| chata, staMbha, Tor3e, toraNoM kI AkRtiyA~ rItibaddha hone para bhI AkarSaka haiN| cittaur3a yA citrakUTa madhyakAlIna jaina sthApatya kA eka sarvAdhika ullekhanIya kenda rahA hai| yahA~ jaina maMdira parsI brAuna ke anusAra caudahavIM zatAbadI kA hai aura yaha usI sthAna para banA hai jahA~ pahale isakA mUla maMdira sthita thaa| isake zikhara aura guMbada-yukta maNDapa kA bAda meM punaruddhAra kiyA gyaa| parantu isakA garbhagRha aMtarAla aura usase saMyukta maNDapa vAlA nicalA bhAga purAnA hI hai| isakI caukIdAra pITha para sthita bAhya saMracanA meM zilpAMkita AkRtiyA~ tathA anya alakRtiyoM utkIrNa haiM, jo kalAtmaka dRSTi se atyaMta saMpanna haiM isa maMdira kA ratha-bhAga, chAdya tathA anya bAhya saMracanAe~ ise atirikta saundarya pradAna karatI haiN| tIrthakara zAMtinAtha ko samarpita zrRMgAra-caurI sthApatyIya dRSTi se atyaMta mahatvapUrNa hai| san 1448 meM nirmita yaha maMdira paMcaratha prakAra kA hai, jisameM eka garbhagRha tathA uttara aura pazcima dizA se saMlagna catuSkiyA~ haiN| garbhagRha aMdara se aSTakoNIya hai, jisa para eka sAdA guMbada hai| maMdira kI bAhya saMracanA anekAneka prakAra kI vizeSatAoM se yukta mUrti-zilpoM se alaMkRta hai aura jaMghA-bhAga para utkIrNa dikpAloM, apsarAoM, zArdUloM Adi kI pratimAe~ haiN| mAnavoM kI AkarSaka AkRtiyoM ke zilpAMkana bhI yahA~ para upalabdha haiN| mukhya praveza-dvAra kI caukhaTa ke lalATa biMba meM tIrthakara ke atirikta gaMgA aura yamunA vidyAdeviyoM tathA dvArapAloM kI pratimAe~ aMkita haiN| garbhagRha ke madhya meM mukhya tIrthakara pratimA ke lie eka uttama AkAra kI pITha hai tathA kAnoM para cAra staMbha haiM jo vRttAkAra chata ko Adha pAra pradAna kie hue hai| chata laharadAra alaMkaraNa yukta abhikalpanAoM se alaMkRta hai| isa maMdira ke mUrti zilpa kA eka ullekhanIya pakSa yaha hai ki

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anekAnta 59/3-4 41 maMdira ke bAhyabhAga ke bhItara aSTabhujI viSNu aura zivaliMga jaisI hindU devatAoM kI adbhuta pratimAe~ bhI haiN| cAritrika vizeSatAoM kI dRSTi se ye zilpAMkita AkRtiyA~ vizuddha rUpa se paramparAgata haiN| cittaur3a kA dUsarA ullekhanIya maMdira sAta-bIsa-Dyor3hI hai, jisakA racanAkAla zailIgata AdhAra para 15 vIM zatAbdI nirdhArita kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa maMdira meM garbhagRha aMtarAla, gUDha-maNDapa ke pArzva meM choTe-choTe devAlaya bhI haiN| saptaratha prakAra ke zikhara ke cAroM ora aMgoM aura karNa-zrRMgoM kI tIna paMktiyA~ bhI saMlagna haiN| rAjasthAna ke madhyakAlIna kalA itihAsa kI dRSTi se bIkAnera ke jaina maMdira bhI mahatvapUrNa haiN| bIkAnera kA sabase prAcIna pArzvanAtha jaina maMdira hai| saMracanA kI dRSTi se yaha maMdira eka atyaMta mahatvAkAMkSI yojanA hai aura isameM bhAratIya islAmI sthApatya ke tatvoM kA nizcita rUpa meM prayoga huA hai| isa maMdira kI zailI meM paraMparAgata tathA mugala, ina do zailiyoM kA samanvaya hai, jisameM paraMparAgata zailI kA zikhara tathA mugala-zailI kA maNDapa vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya hai| isa maMdira ke lambe zikhara kI bAhya saMracanA meM bAhya koNoM tathA laghu zikharo se yukta uraHzrRMgo kA suMdaratA ke sAtha upayoga kiyA gayA hai| isake atirikta pratyeka dizA ke madhya bhAga meM prakSipta do taloM vAle gokhe haiN| isa maMdira kA vivaraNa dete hue goaitja ne likhA hai - "isa maMdira kA garbhagRha evaM pradakSiNApatha dvitala hai| pratyeka tala meM cAroM ora praveza dvAra haiM, UparI tala ke cAroM dvAra gokhoM meM khulate haiN| ye cAroM gokhe eka taMga sIr3hiyoM dvArA paraspara saMbaMdhita haiN| UparI tala ke madhyavartI kakSa meM jaina pratIka samavasaraNa kA aMkana jisameM 'vizva-nagara' kI adhyakSatA karate hue dharma-pracAraka tIrthakara sarvatobhadra rUpa se darzAye gaye haiN| yaha maMdira jaisalamera ke pIle pattharoM se nirmita hai| isa maMdira kA sthApatya mAravAr3a aura jaisalamera ke samakAlIna anya jaina maMdiroM kI bhAMti anagar3ha hai parantu maNDapa, usake cAroM ora kI vIthiyA~ tathA praveza maNDapa ke kAraNa yaha prabhAvazAlI bana par3A hai| ina saMracanAA kA AMzika rUpa se punarnirmANa satrahavIM zatAbdI ke prArambhika kAla meM huA hai|"36

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anekAnta 59/3-4 dUsarA ullekhanIya maMdira ciMtAmaNi rAva bIkA jI kA hai, jo 1505 meM pUrA huaa| isa maMdira meM eka garbhagRha tathA usase saMlagna eka maNDapa hai| Age calakara isa maMdira kA vistAra kiyA gayA, jisameM eka anya maNDapa tathA do dizAoM meM praveza-dvAra evaM mukha-maNDapa aura jor3a die ge| isakA mUla-prAsAda madhyakAlIna gurjara zailI kA hai tathA isakI U~cAI kama hai| isakI bAhya saMracanAoM meM gumbada yukta maNDapoM tathA staMbhoM aura unake zIrSoM kI abhikalpanA evaM sthApatyIya nirmANa meM ahamadabAda aura cAMpAnera kI saltanata sthApatya zailI ke prabhAva ko grahaNa kiyaa| madhyakAlIna jaina maMdiroM meM kucha maMdira phalaudI, koTA, kizanagar3ha, mAroTha, sIkara tathA rAjasthAna ke anya sthAnoM meM bhI surakSita bace hue haiN| inameM se koI bhI maMdira saMracanA kI dRSTi se vizeSa ullekhanIya nahIM hai| pazcima bhArata ke itihAsa meM musalamAnoM ke vidhvaMsaka abhiyAnoM ke lie terahavIM zatAbdI ke aMtima tathA caudahavIM zatAbdI ke prAraMbhika varSa ullekhanIya rahe haiN| dhArmika IrSyA tathA dhana lolupatA ke kAraNa vizeSa kara alAuddIna khilajI ne pazcima bhArata ke asaMkhya maMdiroM kA jI bharakara viSTa vaMsa kiyaa| isa kSetra kA jana samAja jaba se AghAta ko sahakara Upara uThane meM saphala huA to usake aMdara kucha naye mAna-mUlyoM ne sthApanA pAyI, jisake sAtha use apane kucha samRddha pAraMparika mAna-mUlyoM ko bhI chor3anA pdd'aa| isa kSetra ke jainoM ne bhI dhvasta maMdiroM kA punaruddhAra tathA naye maMdiroM kA nirmANa karAkara pavitra kAryoM ke saMpAdana meM apane utsAha kA pradarzana kiyaa| jainoM dvArA karAye gaye sthApatyIya nirmANoM kI dRSTi se paMdrahavIM zatAbdI pazcima-bhArata ke lie vizeSa ullekhanIya pratIta hotI hai| isa samaya kA raNakapura kA caumukhA maMdira zreSThatama udAharaNa hai| yaha AdinAtha yA yugAdIzvara-maMdira hai| mandira ke mukha-maNDapa ke praveza-dvAra ke pArzva meM lage eka staMbha para aMkita abhilekha ke anusAra isa maMdira kA nirmANa san 1439 meM eka jaina dharmAnuyAyI, dharaNAka ke anusAra devAka nAmaka vAstuvid ne kiyA thaa| isa bhavya caumukhA maMdira ke nirmANa meM kalA aura

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anekAnta 59/3-4 43 sthApatya ke mahAna prazrayadAtA rANA kuMbhA kA yogadAna rahA hai| yaha maMdira 3716 varga-mITara kSetra meM phailA hai| isameM unnatIsa bar3e kakSa tathA 420 staMbha haiN| isase spaSTa hai ki isa maMdira kI yojanA nissaMdeha hI mahatvAkAMkSI rahI hai| maMdira kI vinyAsa-rUparekhA jaTila hai| DhalAna para sthita hone ke kAraNa maMdira ke jagatI yA adhiSThAna-bhAga ko isake pazcima dizA meM yatheSTa U~cA banAyA gayA hai| kendravartI bhAga meM vargAkAra garbhagRha sthita hai| pratyeka dvAra raMga-maNDapa meM khulatA hai| aura isa raMga-maNDapa kA dvAra eka dotalle praveza-kakSa meM khulatA hai| isa maNDapa ke bAda eka kakSa AtA hai, jo AkarSaka hai| yaha kakSa bhI dotallA hai, isa bhAga meM sIr3hiyA~ haiM, isalie ise balana yA nAlI-maNDapa kahA jAtA hai| lagabhaga 62 mITara tathA 60 mITara labe-cauDe kSetraphala ke AyatAkAra dAlAna, jisameM cAroM ora prakSipta vAhya bhAga kI mukhya saMracanAe~ sammilita nahIM haiN| isa sImA bhitti ke bhItara kI sataha para 86 devakulikAoM kI eka lambI paMkti hai| maMdira ke zIrSa para paoNca zikhara haiM, jinameM se sabase bar3A aura pramukha zikhara garbhagRha ko maNDita kiye hue hai| zeSa cAra zikhara cAroM kAnoM para para sthita devAlayoM ko maNDita kiye hue haiN| isa AyatAkAra maNDapa meM kisI bhI praveza-maMDapa se praveza kiyA jA sakatA hai, jo do tala vAle haiN| ina praveza-maNDapo me sabase bar3A pazcima kI ora hai, jise nissaMdeha mukhya praveza-maNDapa mAnA jA sakatA hai| garbhagRha kI AMtarika saMracanA svastikAkAra kakSa ke rUpa meM hai| isa maMdira kI vizeSatA usakI U~cAIyA~ vizada vinyAsa-rUparekhA aura usapara sudakSatApUrNa hI nahIM varan usakI vividhatA tathA usake vibhinna bhAgoM kI bahulatA hai| maMdira kI sundaratA ke lie phargyusana dvArA sahI hI kahA gayA hai| "isake anekAneka maMdira aura ina bhAgoM ke sAmAnyataH laghu AkAra yadyapi isa maMdira ke eka sthApatyIya vaibhavapUrNa saMracanA hone ke dAve meM bAdhaka haiM parantu ina bhAgoM kI vividhatA pratyeka staMbha para kiyA gayA eka dUsare se sarvathA bhinna sUkSmAMkana kA saundarya, usakI vyavasthA-krama usakI mohakatA, sapATa datoM para vibhinna U~cAIyoM ke guMbadoM kA surucipUrNa samAyojana tathA prakAza ke lie banAyI gayI saMracanAoM kI vidhi- ye samasta vizeSatAe~ milakara

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 eka atyuttama prabhAva kI sRSTi karatI haiN| bhArata meM vastutaH isa prakAra kA koI anya maMdira yA bhavana nahIM haiN| jisake aMtarbhAga meM staMbhoM kA itanA lAvaNyapUrNa saMyojana rahA ho aura usakI saMracanA kula milAkara isa maMdira kI bhA~ti prAbhAvotpAdaka rahI ho|17 isa maMdira ke staMbha bhI abhikalpanAoM kI vividhatA ke lie adbhuta haiN| kyoMki maMdira ke 420 staMbhoM meM se kisI bhI staMbha kI abhikalpanA eka dUsare ke samarUpa nahIM hai, mAnava AkRtiyoM ke aMkana kI apekSA mUrtikAroM ne deva-pratimAoM ke aMkana meM nissaMdeha dharma graMthoM evaM zilpa kalA saMbaMdhI graMthoM kA adhyayana kara unake nirdezana kA paripAlana kiyA hai, tabhI ve ina deva pratimAoM dvArA tatkAlIna dhArmika mA~goM ko pUrA kara sake haiN| 44 saMdarbha sUcI 1. jaina. ke. sI. jainijma ina rAjasthAna zolApura, 1963, pR. 112, 2. hANDA, devendra, osiyAM, hisTa, ArkelojI ArTa eNDa ArkITekcara dillI, 1984, pR. 47, 3. zAha, ambAlAla premacanda, jaina tIrtha sarva saMgraha bhAga - 1 ( gujarAtI, 1953 ) pR. 1.73, 4. bhANDAkara, DI.Ara, 'enavala riporTa oNpha dI Arkelojikala sarve oNpha iNDiyA' 1908 kalakattA, 1912, pR. 108, 5. brAuna, parsI, iNDiyana ArkiTekcara (buddhisTa eNDa hindU pIriyaDa) dUsarA saMskaraNa, pRca 140, 6. nAnAvatI je. ema. aura DhAkI, ema.e.- da sIliMgsa ina da Tempalsa oNpha gujarAta, buleTina oNpha da myujiyama eNDa pikcara gailerI, bar3audA, bhAga XVIXVII pR. 45, 7. vahI, 8. DhAkI., ema. e., sama arlI jaina ina vesTarna inDiyA, mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya golDana jubalI vAlyUma khaNDa-1, bamabaI 1968 pR. 332, 9. ghoSa, amalAnanda, jaina kalA evaM sthApatya khaNDa-2 naI dillI, 1975, pR. 252, 10. vahI, pR. 304, 11. vijaya, jayanta, AbU (prathama bhAga), sirAhI 1933 12. vahI, pR. 154-56 13. vahI, pR. 166, 14. DhAkI, ema. e., rinesaoNsa eNDa da leTa mAru grarjara Tempala ArkiTekcara jarnala oNpha da sosAyaTI oNpha oriyaNTala ArTa spezala nambara 1965-66, kalakattA, pR. 8, 15. brAuna, parsI, iNDiyana ArkiTekcara (buddhisTa eNDa hindU) bambaI, 1957, pR. 123, 16. gAaija haramana, di ArTa eNDa ArkiTekcara oNpha bIkAnera oNksaphorDa, 1950, pR. 59, 17. phargyUsana, jemsa, hisTrI oNpha iNDiyana eNDa IsTarna ArkITekcara, punarmudrita, dillI 1967 pR. 60 1 - aso. prophe. citrakalA vibhAga rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya, jayapura

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bhagavAna mahAvIra aura parigraha-parimANa vrata ___-DaoN. surendra kumAra jaina jaina dharmAnusAra AtmA puruSArtha kare to paramAtmA bana jAtI hai| eka bAra paramAtma-pada prApta ho jAne ke bAda saMsAra meM punarAgamana nahIM hotaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra kA nirvANa ke uparAnta saMsAra meM punaH Agamana nahIM ho sakatA; lekina jisa jIva kA Agamana saMsAra meM huA hai usakA sva puruSArtha ke bala para paramAtmA bana bhagavAna mahAvIra jaisA bananA sunizcita hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI sAdhanA kisI eka janma kI nahIM apitu aneka janmoM kI sAdhanA kA pariNAma thI, jisakA lakSya (mokSa) prApta honA avazyaMbhAvI thaa| tIrthakara kA janma mAtra sva-upakAra ke lie hI nahIM apita para-upakAra ke lie bhI hotA hai| tIrthakara ke janma ke pUrva kI paristhitiyA~ bhI unakI AvazyakatA ko pratipAtida karatI haiN| 'vIrodaya mahAkAvya' ke anusAra "mano'hivadvimakalpaheturvANI kRpANIva ca marma bhettum / kAyo'pyakAyo jagate janasya na ko'pi kasyApi babhUva vshyH|| iti duritAndhakArake samaye nksstriighsngkle'ymye| ajani janA lAdanAya tena vIrAiyavarasudhAspadena // " arthAt usa samaya ke logoM kA mana sarpa ke tulya kuTila ho rahA thA, unakI vANI kRpANI (churI) ke samAna dUsaroM ke marma ko bhedane vAlI thI aura kAya bhI pApa kA Aya (Agama-dvAra) bana rahA thaa| usa samaya koI bhI jana kisI ke vaza meM nahIM thA; arthAt logoM ke mana-vacana kAya kI kriyA ati kuTila thI aura sabhI svacchanda evaM niraGkaza ho rahe the| isaprakAra pApAndhakAra se vyApta, duSkRta-maya, akSatriya janoM ke samUha se

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anekAnta 59/3-4 saMkula samaya meM, athavA nakSatroM ke samudAya se vyApta samaya meM usa 'vIra' nAmaka mahAna candra ne janoM ke kalyANa ke lie janma liyaa| 'vIra' ne janma lekara 'varddhamAna' nAma sArthaka karate hue mahAvIratva kI sAdhanA pUrNa kii| ve pUrNa-jJAna hote hI kevala jJAnI-sarvajJa bane / unake sadvicAroM kA sampreSaNa divyadhvani ke mAdhyama se huaa| unhoMne AcAra sikhAne se pUrva apane vicAroM se mAnava hRdayoM, pazu-pakSiyoM taka ko abhisiMcita kiyaa| unakI dhAraNA thI ki vicAra vihIna AcAra jar3atA kA pratIka hai| nIti kahatI hai cAritraM naravRkSasya sugaMdhi kusumaM zubham / AkarSaNaM tathaivAtra lokAnAM raMjanaM mahat // arthAt cAritra manuSya rUpI vRkSa kA sundara, sugandhita puSpa ke samAna hI udAtta caritra sabako apanI ora AkRSTa karatA hai aura sabako prasatratA pradAna karatA hai| isa cAritra kI sugandha tabhI ho sakatI hai jabaki yaha vyakti dharma se jur3a dharmAtmA bne| dharmapAlana mana kI zuddhi, vicAroM kI zuddhi evaM kAryo kI zuddhi se hI saMbhava hai| mana kI zuddhi ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai ki manaH zuddhayaiva zuddhiH syAd dehinAM nAtra sNshyH| vRthA tadvyatirekeNa kAyasyaiva kadaryanam // arthAt mana kI zuddhi se AtmA kI zuddhi hotI hai| mana kI zuddhi ke binA kevala zarIra ko kaSTa denA vyartha hai| saccAritra kI prApti ke lie jitendriya honA Azyaka hai| 'jJAnArNava' meM AcArya zubhacandra ne likhA hai ki indriyANi na guptAni naabhystshcitnirjye| na nivedaH kRto mitra nAtmA duHkhena bhaavitH||

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anekAnta 59/3-4 evamevApavargAya pravRttAna saadhne| svayameva vaJcitaM muuddhloksypthcyutai // 2 arthAt he mitra! jisane indriyoM ko vaza meM nahIM kiyA, cita ko jItane kA abhyAsa nahIM kiyA, vairAgya ko prApta nahIM hue, AtmA ko kaSToM se bhAyA nahIM aura vRthA hI mokSa hetu dhyAna meM pravRtta ho gaye; unhoMne apane ko ThagA aura iha loka, paraloka; donoM se cyuta hue| kahane kA tAtparya yahI hai ki indriyajayI hone para hI cAritrika zreSThatA prApta hotI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra se pUrva yaha dhAraNA bana gaI thI ki dharmasAdhana to vRddhAvasthA meM karaNIya hai; kintu bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA ki dharma ke lie koI umra nahIM hotI vaha to bacapana meM bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai, ghora yuvAvasthA meM bhii| unhoMne tIsa varSa kI yuvAvasthA meM digambara dIkSA grahaNa kara apanI sAdhanA ko eka nayA AyAma hI nahIM diyA, apitu AdhyAtmika krAnti kA zaMkhanAda kiyA; jisakA carama aura parama lakSya thA- svayaM ko jiito| jo svayaM ko jItatA hai vAstava meM vahI jina hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA ki jItanA hai to svayaM kA jIto, mAranA hai to svayaM ke vikAroM ko maaro| bheda dekhane vAlA saMsArI he aura jo bheda meM bhI abheda (AtmA) ko dekha letA hai vaha mokSArthI hai / sabajIvoM se mamatA tor3o aura samatA jodd'o| zastraprayoga mata karo aura jinavacana rUpa zAstroM ke viruddha AcaraNa mata kro| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kAma jItA, kaSAyeM jItI, indriyoM ko jItA aura viSamatA ke zamana hetu samatA ko apanAyA aura mokSa paayaa| hamArA yahI lakSya honA caahie| gAMdhI jI ne isa yuga meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke darzana kA AtmasAt kiyA thaa| unhoMne likhA ki " jo AdamI svayaM zuddha hai, kisI se dveSa nahIM karatA, kisI se anucita lAbha nahIM uThAtA, sadA pavitra mana rakhakara vyavahAra karatA hai, vaha AdamI dhArmika hai vahI sukhI hai aura vahI

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 1 paise vAlA hai / mAnava jAti kI sevA usI se bana sakatI hai| "Aja AvazyakatA hai bhagavAna mahAvIra kI eka preraka Adarza kI; jo batA sake ki cAritra kA mArga hI vareNya hai / merI yaha paMktiyAM inhIM bhAvanAoM kI udbhAvaka haiM 48 he vIra prabhu isa dharA para Aja tuma phira se padhAro / he vIra prabhu saba kAja kara Aja mama jIvana nihAro // ho gayA mAnava jo dAnava danujatA usakI miTAo / saralatA se, neha-dhana se sahajatA usakI bacAo // he vIra tuma Ananda kI mUrti nirvera ho / guNoM ke mIra ho zAnti se amIra ho || eka se neka ho anekAnta se aneka ho / zama, dama, dayA, tyAga ke svayaM saMndeza ho / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA ki AzA tRSNA ke tApa se tapta mana hitakara nahIM / artha anartha na kara de isalie artha kI anarthatA kA cintana karo - "arthamanartha bhAvaya nityaM / " gRhastha artha kA upArjana kare kintu vaha nyAya kI tulA para kharA utaranA caahie| anyAya, anIti se kamAyA gayA dhana visaMvAda karAtA hai, saMgharSa ke lie prerita karatA hai ataH vaha mala kI taraha tyAjya hai / gRhastha ke lie dhana sAghana bane, sAdhya nahIM aura sAdhu ke lie dhana sarvathA tyAjya hai / yahA~ taka ki vaha usake prati mamatva bhI na rakhe tabhI samatva kI sAdhanA pUrI hogI / isIlie bhagavAna kI vANI amRta rUpa banI, bhagavAna kA cAritra samyak cAritra bnaa| unake cAritra se saMsAra jAna sakA ki jor3ane meM sukha nahIM; sukha to tyAgane meM hai / hamArI to bhAvanA hai ki hama bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIvanAdarzoM ko apanAyeM tAki zAnti mile, samatA ho aura saMgharSo se chuTakArA mileM / vItarAgatA kA unakA Adarza prayoga kI kasauTI para kasA huA kharA hai jisake prApta hone para na saMsAra burA hai, na vyakti / balki svayaM apanI AtmA priya lagane lagatI hai aura lakSya bana jAtA hai AtmA ko jIto, AtmA ko pAo /

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 parigraha 'vRhat hindI koza' ke anusAra 'parigraha zabda kA artha lenA, grahaNa karanA, cAroM ora se gheranA, AveSTita karanA, dhAraNa karanA, dhana Adi kA saMcaya, kisI dI huI vastu ko grahaNa karanA, cAroM ora se gheranA, patnI, strI, pati, ghara parivAra, anucara, senA kA pichalA bhAga, rAhu dvArA sUrya yA candramA kA grasA jAnA, zapatha, kasama, AdhAra, jAyadAda, svIkRti, maMjUrI, dAvA, svAgata-satkAra, Atithya satkAra karane vAlA, Adara, sahAyatA, damana, daMDa, rAjya, sambandha, yoga, saMkalana, zApa batAyA gayA hai / isameM eka ora jahA~ parigraha ko saMcaya ke artha meM liyA hai vahIM zApa ke artha meM bhI rakhA hai jisase parigraha kI zocanIya dazA prakaTa hotI hai| jainacAryoM kI dhAraNA meM parigraha 'parito gRhNAti AtmAnamiti parigrahaH' arthAt jo saba ora se jakar3e; vaha parigraha hai| AcArya umAsvAmI ke anusAra 'bhUrcchA parigraha hai' - "mUrcchA parigrahaH / "" isa sUtra kI TIkA meM AcArya pUjyapAda svAmI ne likhA hai ki "gAya, bhaiMsa, maNi aura motI Adi cetana, acetana bAhya upadhi kA tathA rAgAdirUpa Abhyantara upadhi kA saMrakSaNa, arjana aura saMskAra Adi rUpa vyApAra hI mUrchA hai|' AcArya pUjyapAda kI hI dRSTi meM "mamedaMbuddhilakSaNaH parigrahaH" arthAt yaha vastu merI hai; isa prakAra kA saMkalpa rakhanA parigraha hai| rAjavArtika ke anusAralobhakaSAya ke udaya se viSayoM ke saMga ko parigraha kahate haiM / " "mamedaM vastu ahamasya svAmItyAtmIyAbhimAnaH saMkalpaH parigraha ityucyate" arthAt yaha merA hai, maiM isakA svAmI hU~ isa prakAra kA mamatva pariNAma parigraha hai| 44 " dhavalA ke anusAra- parigRhyata iti parigraha bAhyArthaH kSetrAdiH, parigRhyate aneneti ca parigrahaH bAhyArtha grahaNaheturatra pariNAmaH / parigRhyate iti parigrahaH" arthAt jo grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai vaha parigraha hai; isa nirukti ke anusAra kSetrAdi rUpa bAhya padArtha parigraha kahA jAtA hai tathA "parigRhyate aneneti parigrahaH " jisake dvArA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai vaha

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 . parigraha hai; isa nirukti ke anusAra bAhya padArtha ke grahaNa meM kAraNa bhUta pariNAma parigraha kahA jAtA hai / " 50 samayasAra AtmakhyAti ke anusAra 'icchA parigrahaH' arthAt icchA hI parigraha hai| 19 parigraha ke bheda parigraha ke do bheda haiM - 1) bAhya, 2) antaraMga / bAhya parigraha meM bhUmi, makAna, svarNa, rajata, dhana-dhAnya Adi acetana tathA naukara-cAkara, pazu strI Adi sacetana padArtha zAmila kiye jAte hai / 12 tathA antaraGga parigraha meM krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha aura hAsya, rati, arati, arati, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA, strIveda aura mithyAtvAdi bhAvanAyeM vyakti ke antaraMga parigraha hai / 12 parigraha pApa hai jainAgama meM pA~ca pApa mAne gaye haiM- hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla aura parigraha bhI pApa hai / parigraha banAma mUrcchA pA~coM prakAra ke pApoM kA mUla srota hai / jo parigrahI hai tathA parigraha ke arjana, sambarddhana evaM saMrakSaNa ke prati saceta hai vaha hiMsA, jhUTha, corI va abrahma se baca nahIM sakatA / 'sarvArtha siddhi' ke anusAra- 'saba doSa parigraha mUlaka haiN| 'yaha merA hai' isa prakAra ke saMkalpa ke hone para saMrakSaNa Adi rUpa bhAva hote haiM aura isameM hiMsA avazyaMbhAvinI hai| isake lie asatya bolatA hai, corI karatA hai, maithuna karma meM pravRtta hotA hai, narakAdi meM jitane duHkha haiM ve saba isase utpanna hote haiM / 14 A. guNabhadra kI dRSTi meM - "sajjanoM kI bhI sampatti zuddha nyAyopArjita dhana se nahIM bddh'tii| kyA kabhI samudra ko svaccha jala se paripUrNa dekhA jAtA hai?"

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anekAnta 59/3-4 ____51 zuddhaidhanairvivardhante satAmapi na smpdH| na hi svacchAmbubhiH pUrNAH kadAcidapi sindhavaH // 15 AcArya amRtacandra svAmI ke anusAra parigraha meM hiMsA hotI haihiMsA paryAtvasiddhA hiNsaantrNgsnggessu| bahiraGgeSu tu niyataM prayAtu mULaMva hiMsAtvam // 16 arthAt hiMsA ke paryAyarUpa hone ke kAraNa antaraMga parigraha meM hiMsA svayaM siddha hai aura bahiraMga parigraha meM mamatva pariNAma hI hiMsA bhAva ko nizcaya se prApta hote haiN| parigraha tyAga kI preraNA jainAcAryoM ne parigraha tyAga hetu ise aNuvrata, pratimA evaM mahAvrata ke antargata rakhA hai| aNuvrata evaM pratimA sadgRhastha zrAvaka evaM parigraha-tyAga-mahAvrata muni dhAraNa karate haiN| parigraha parimANaparigraha duHkha mUlaka hotA hai| 'jJAnArNava' meM kahA gayA hai ki saMgAtkAmastataH krodhastasmAddhiMsA tayAzubham / tena zvAmI gatistasyAM duHkhaM vAcAmagocaram // 17 arthAt parigraha se kAma hotA hai, kAma se krodha, krodha se hiMsA, hiMsA se pApa aura pApa se narakagati hotI hai| usa narakagati meM vacanoM ke agocara ati duHkha hotA hai| isa prakAra duHkha kA mUla parigraha hai| duHkha rUpa parigraha se bacane ke lie jainAcAryoM ne parigraha ke parimANa (sImita) karane ko aNuvrata ke rUpa meM mAnyatA dI hai| 'sarvArthasiddhi' ke anusAra- 'dhanadhAnyakSetrAdInAmicchAvazAt kRta

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 paricchedo gRhIti paJcamaNuvratam 18 arthAt gRhastha, dhana, dhAnya aura kSetra Adi ko svecchA se parimANa kara letA hai isalie usake pA~cavAM parigraha parimANa aNuvrata hotA hai / 'kArtikeyAnuprekSA' ke anusAra 52 jo lohaM NihaNittA saMtosa rasAyaNeNa saMtuTTho / hidi tiNhAduTThA maNNaMto viNassaraM savvaM // jo parimANaM kuvvadi dhaNa - dhaNNa - khittamAINaM / uvayogaM jANittA aNuvvadaM paMcamaM tassa // 21 - arthAt jo lobha kaSAya ko kama karake, santoSa rUpI rasAyana se santuSTa hotA huA, sabako vinazvara jAnakara dhana, dhAnya, suvarNa aura kSetra vagairaha kA parimANa karatA hai usake pA~cavAM (parigraha parimANa) aNuvrata hai / 'ratnakaraNDa zrAvaNakAcAra' meM AcArya samantabhadra deva ne kahA hai kidhanadhAnyAdi granthaM parimAya tato'dhikeSu niHspRhatA / parimitaparigrahaH syAdicchAparimANanAmApi // 20 arthAt dhana-dhAnyAdi daza prakAra ke parigraha ko parimita arthAt usakA parimANa karake ki 'itanA rakheMge' usase adhika meM icchA nahIM rakhanA so parigraha parimANavrata hai tathA yahI icchA parimANa vAlA vrata bhI kahA jAtA hai / isa prakAra saMcita parigraha ko nirantara kama-kama karate jAne kA saMkalpa tathA saMkalpAnusAra kArya parigrahaparimANa kahA jAtA hai| parigraha parimANa Avazyaka parigraha saMcaya eka mAnavIya mAnasika vikRti hai jisake kAraNa vyakti jIvana bhara dukha uThAtA hai tathA pA~coM pApoM ke kAryoM meM saMlagna hotA hai / yahA~ taka ki parigrahI kI dhAraNA hI bana jAtI hai ki

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anekAnta 59/3-4 rAma kI cir3iyA, rAma kA khet| khA merI cir3iyA, bhara le peTa / saMgraha kI pravRti samAja meM uthala-puthala macA detI hai jisameM abhAva kA rUpa krAnti kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai| yahA~ taka ki parigrahI vyakti vikSipta jaisA ho jAtA hai, jise hara pala parigrahI kI hI dhuna savAra rahatI hai| nIti bhI kahatI hai ki kanaka-kanaka taiM sau gunI, mAdakatA adhikaay| yA khAye baurAta jaga, bA pAye baurAya // AcArya umAsvAmI ne manuSyagati ke Asava meM alpaArambha aura parigraha kA bhAva pramukha mAnA hai- 'alpArambhaparigrahatvaM mAnuSasya / '21 vahIM bahuta Arambha aura bahuta parigraha vAle kA bhAva narakAyu kA Asrava hai"bahvArambhaparigrahatvaM naarksyaayussH|"22 aba yaha hameM vicAra karanA hai ki hama parigraha kA parimANa karake manuSya bananA cAhate haiM yA bahuta adhika parigraha kA saMcaya karake narakagati kA duHkha bhoganA cAhate haiN| kabIra ne isIlie kahA ki pAnI bAdai nAva meM, ghara meM bAr3he daam| donoM hAtha ulIciye, yahI sayAno kAma // 23 kucha loga dharma, dAna, pUjA Adi ke lie dhanAdi parigraha saMcaya ko ucita mAnate haiM kintu 'krAisTa' kA kathana hai ki "paisA baTorakara dAna karanA vaisA hI hai jaisA ki kIcar3a lagAkara dhonaa|" saMskRta meM sUkti hai ki- "prakSAlAnAddhi paGkasya dUrAdasparzanaM varam' arthAt kIcar3a lagane para dhone se acchA hai ki use dUra se hI tyAga deN| usI prakAra parigraha saMcaya kara dAna karane kI apekSA parigraha tyAga hI ucita hai| gRhastha ko to apanI AvazyakatA ke anurUpa parigraha parimANa hI karanA caahiye| parigraha saMcaya kA hI yaha duSpariNAma hai ki eka ora jahA~ loga bhUkha se mara rahe haiM vahIM dUsarI ora dhanADhya varga gariSTha bhojana karake

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anekAnta 59/3-4 apanA svAsthya bigAr3a rahe haiN| kucha logoM ke 'lakjharI' sAdhanoM ke lie 'nesesarIja' vastuoM se bhI loga vaMcita kiye jA rahe haiN| tAtkAlika lAbha bhale hI anaitika tarIkoM se prApta ho; use prApta karane ke lie jI tor3a mehanata kara rahe haiN| aise meM yadi koI samucita mArga bacatA hai to vaha parigrahaparimANa hI hai| kuMvara baicena ne ThIka hI kahA hai tumhAre dila kI cubhana bhI jarUra kama hogii| kisI ke pA~va se kA~TA nikAlakara dekho| eka bAra mahAtmA gAMdhI se kisI mAravAr3I seTha ne pUchA ki- gAMdhI jI, Apa sabase TopI lagAne ko kahate haiM; yahA~ taka kI Apake atyanta Agraha ke kAraNa TopI ke sAtha ApakA nAma jur3akara 'gAMdhI TopI' ho gayA hai, lekina Apa svayaM TopI kyoM nahIM lagAte? yaha prazna sunakara gAMdhI jI ne unase pUchA ki 'Apane yaha jo pagar3I bA~dha rakhI hai isameM kitanI TopiyAM bana sakatI haiM, mAravAr3I seTha ne kahA kI- "bIsa" taba gAMdhI jI ne kahA ki "jaba tumhAre jaisA eka AdamI bIsa TopiyoM kA kapar3A apane sira para bA~dha letA hai to mujha jaise unnIsa AdamiyoM ko naMge sira rahanA par3atA hai|" yaha uttara sunakara vaha seTha niruttara ho gye| vAstava meM parigraha parimANa hI gRhastha ko sAmAjika banAtA hai| parigraha kI dIvAreM hamAre prati ghRNA evaM vidveSa ko janma detI haiN| alI ahamada jalIlI kA eka zera hai ki napharatoM ne hara tarapha se ghera rakhA hai hameM, jaba ye dIvAreM gireMgI rAstA ho jaayegaa| parigraha parimANa ke lie samAjavAda kI avadhAraNA sAmane aayii| samAjavAda kI avadhAraNA agara aMza hai to parigraha parimANa usa aMza

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anekAnta 59/3-4 ko pAne kI dizA meM uThAyA gayA mahatvapUrNa kadama hai jo kramazaH parimita hote hae jaba aparigraha kI sthiti meM AtA hai to pUrNa evaM saphala lakSya bana jAtA hai| yahA~ artha kI anarthatA kI nitya bhAvanA karane vAlA prANI dhana ko svaparopakAra kA nimitta mAtra mAnatA hai| sarvaprathama apanI abhilASAoM ko santoSa meM badalakara vaha dAnazIlatA kI ora unmukha hotA hai| parigraha kA parimANa karatA hai| aura AtmavikAsa karatA huA parimANa kiye parigraha meM bhI mamatva chor3akara pUrNa aparigrahI bana jAtA hai|24 __saMsAra meM zAnti parigraha parimANa se hI saMbhava hai| kintu svArtha aura saMcaya kI pravRtti ne samAjavAda ko sthApita hI nahIM hone diyaa| AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja ne svArtha kI isa pravRtti kA isa rUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai svAgata merA ho manamohaka vilAsitAyeM mujhe mileM acchI vastueM aisI tAmasatA bharI dhAraNA hai tumhArI phila bhalA batA do hameM AsthA kahA~ hai samAjavAda meM tumhArI? sabase Age maiM samAja bAda meN| 125 parigraha parimANa karake zeSa sampadA ke vitaraNa ke viSaya meM AcArya zrI kI dhAraNA hai ki "aba dhanasaMgraha nahIM jana saMgraha karo aura lobha ke vazIbhUta ho

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anekAnta 59/3-4 samucita vitaraNa karo anyathA dhanahInoM meM corI ke bhAva jAgate haiM, jAge haiM corI mata kara, corI mata karo yaha kahanA kevala dharma kA nATaka hai uparila sabhyatA upacAra cora itane pApI nahIM hote jitane ki coroM ko paidA karane vAle tuma svayaM cora ho coroM ko pAlate ho aura coroM ke janaka bhii|"26 zeksapiyara ne likhA hai ki- Gold is worse pain on the man in souls doing more murders in this world than any mortal drug. arthAt sonA (svaNa) manuSya kI AtmA ko atyadhika rUpa se dukhI karatA hai| kisI maraNadAyaka auSadhi kI apekSA sone ke kAraNa saMsAra meM adhika hatyAyeM huI haiN| apane yahA~ kahAvata hai ki 'bubhukSitaH: kinnu karopi pApaM / arthAt bhUkhA manuSya kyA pApa nahIM karatA? muTThI bhara logoM ke hAtha meM pU~jI va anya sAmagrI saMgRhIta hokara janatA ko trasta karatI hai, jisakA pariNAma bar3A bhayaMkara hotA hai| bhUkhA vyakti satya-asatya aura hiMsA-ahisA ke bheda ko bhUla jAtA hai| eka kavi ne likhA hai ki bhUkhe phakIra ne tar3apakara kahAsatya kI paribhASA bahata choTI hai kevala eka zabda roTI hai|

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 parigraha parimANa apane lie hI nahIM balki prANI mAtra ke upakAra ke lie Avazyaka hai| Aja to loga parigraha saMcaya ke lie nyAya-anyAya kA bheda chor3akara anya janoM ke adhikAroM ko dabAkara bhI zoSaNa karate haiN| biDambanA to yaha bhI hai ki parigraha ko pApa batAye jAne ke bAda bhI usake saMcayI ko puNyAtmA kahakara abhinandanIya banA diyA gayA hai| yahA~ taka kI jina bhagavAna ne sampUrNa parigraha kA tyAga kara diyA una para bhI sone-cAMdI ke chatra car3hAye jAte haiM aura use vaibhava ke rUpa meM mahimAmaMDita kiyA jAtA hai / 57 parigraha svayaM meM eka roga hai yaha jise laga jAtA hai vaha dinarAta isI meM lagA rahatA hai; kintu jo niSparigrahI hotA hai vaha kabhI baicena nahIM rhtaa| jisake pAsa parimita parigraha hai vaha caina se rahatA hai, caina se khAtA hai aura caina se sotA hai tathA aNuvrata rUpa meM pAlana kare to karmo kI nirjarA bhI karatA hai ataH parigraha kA parigraha kA parimANa kara sukhI honA hI iSTa hai, upAdeya hai / sandarbha 1. AcArya jJAnasAgaraH vIrodaya mahAkAvya, 1/38-39, 2. AcArya zubhacandra : jJAnArNava 3. vRhat hindI koza, pR. 650, 4. A. umAsvAmI tattvArthasUtra 7/17, 5. A. pUjyapAda : sarvArthasiddhi 7/17/695, 6. vahI, 6/15/638, 7. rAjavArtika 4 / 21 / 3 / 236, 8. vahI 6/15/3/525, 9. dhavalA 12/4, 2, 8, 6 / 282 / 9, 10. jainendra siddhAnta koza, 3/24, 11. samayasAra - AtmakhyAti / 210, 12. A. amRtacaMdraH puruSArtha siddhyupAya, 117, 13. vahI, 116, 14. sarvArthasiddhi 7/17/685, 15. A. guNabhadra:, 16. puruSArthasiddhayupAya, 119, 17. jJAnArNava, 16/12/178, 18. sarvArthasiddhi 7/20/701, 19. kArtikeyAnuprekSA, mUla 331-340, 20. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, 31, 21. tattvArthasUtra 6 / 17, 22. vahI, 6 / 14, 23. svayaM kA lekha - 'sAmAjika banane kI prathama zarta aparigraha bhAvanA jainagajaTa varSa 100, aMka - 30 meM prkaashit|, 24. mUkamATI, 467-468 sampAdaka- pArzvajyoti ela 65, nyU indirA nagara burahAnapura (ma. pra. )

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samAdhimaraNa meM zuddhi va viveka vivecana prAcArya (paM.) nihAlacaMda jaina. "samyakprakAreNakAyakaSAya kRzIkaraNaM sallekhanA" arthAt bhalI prakAra vivekapUrvaka kAya aura kaSAya ko kRza karane ko sallekhanA kahate sallekhanAM karaSyei'haM vidhinA mAraNAntikIm / avazyamityadaH zIlaM sanidadhyAtsadA hRdi // sahagAmi kRtaM tena dhrmsrvsvmaatmnH| samAdhimaraNaM yena bhavavidhvaMsi sAdhitam // 57-58 // sAgAradharmAmRta pRSTha-76 maraNa samaya meM arthAt tadbhavamaraNa ke anta meM hone vAlI sallekhanA ko mAraNAntikI- sallekhanA kahate haiN| maraNa do prakAra kA hotA haipratikSaNa maraNa aura tdbhvmrnn| sallekhanA meM jo maraNa hotA hai, vaha tadbhavamaraNa hotA hai| guNavratoM aura zikSAvratoM kI taraha sallekhanA ko bhI zIla mAnA gayA hai| jisane saMsAra paribhramaNa nAzaka samAdhimaraNa sAdha liyA usane apane dharma ke sarvasva ratnamaya ko parabhava ke lie sahagAmI banA liyA hai| jo samAdhimaraNa ko aMgIkAra karatA hai vaha kSapaka kahalAtA hai tathA jo AcArya yA muni samAdhikartA (samAdhi karAne vAlA) hotA hai vaha niryApakAcArya yA niryApaka muni kahalAtA hai| bAraha vrata pAlana karane vAle zrAvaka ko athavA muni ko jIvana ke anta meM dhIra vIra cittapUrvaka sallekhanA ko dhAraNa karanA caahie| mahAn upasarga Ane para, durbhikSa par3ane para ThIka na hone vAlA bhaMyakara roga se grasita hone para aura bur3hApA Adi ke A jAne para santa janoM ko tallekhanA dhAraNa karanA caahie| jo sajjana puruSa uttama prakAra

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anekAnta 59/3-4 se sallekhanA vidhi ko karate haiM unheM dAna, pUjA, tapa, aura zIla kA phala prApta hotA hai| zrI jinendra deva ke dharma ke jAnakAra santa jana, mana vacana, kAya kI zaddhi se sarva parigraha ko chor3akara tathA rAgandveSAdi bhAvoM ko tyAga kara triyoga se kSamApUrvaka amRta vacanoM ko kahakara sabhI ko santuSTa kare tathA jIvana aura maraNa kI sarva cintA ko chor3akara karma karane vAlA virakta sAdhu saba sukha zIlatA ko mana vacana kAya se tyAga kara jaba bhAvoM meM ArohaNa karatA hai taba vaha isa prakAra vicAra karatA sallehaNaM kareMto savvaM suhazIlayaM pyhiduunn| bhAva sidi mArU hittA viharejja sarIra NivvaNNo // 174 ma. A. arthAt isa sulabha asAra apavitra, kRtana bhArarUpa rogoM kA ghara aura janma maraNa se yukta duHkhadAyI zarIra se kyA lAbha hai? isa prakAra zarIra meM nispRhabhAva rakhakara sAdhu samAdhimaraNa dhAraNa karatA hai| vaha baiThanA sonA bhojana Adi sukha bhAvanA ko chor3akara zraddhAnAdi pariNAmoM kA Azraya letA hai| jisa prakAra yogya zikSA ko prApta azva bhramaNa laMghana Adi ke kaSTa sahane kA abhyAsI yuddhabhUmi meM savArI le jAne kA kArya karatA hai usI prakAra pUrva meM tapa karane vAlA, viSaya-sukha se vimukha jIva marate samaya samAdhi kA icchuka huA nizcaya se parISaha ko sahanevAlA hotA hai| puvvaM kAridajogo, samAdhikAmo tahA mrnnkaale| hodi hu parIsaho, visayasuha parammuho jiivo|| ma.A. 195 sallekhanA do prakAra kI hotI hai, (i) Abhyantara (ii) bAhya 1 bAhya sallekhanA zarIra ke viSaya meM hotI hai| bala ko bar3hAne vAle sabhI rau ko tyAga kara prApta hue AhAra se koI eka vizeSa niyama lekara zarIra ko krama se kRza karatA hai| zarIra ko kRza karane ke lie vaha chaha prakAra ke bAhya tapoM ko karatA hai| anazana avamaudarya rasoM kA

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 I tyAga vRttiparisaMkhyAna kAyakleza aura viviktazayyAsana ye chaha bAhya tapa hai / 2 anazana do prakAra kA hotA hai- (i) addhAnazana aura (ii) sarvAnazana / grahaNa aura pratisevana kAla meM addhAnazana hotA hai, jabaki maraNa samaya meM sarvAnazana hotA hai| peTa bhara khAne kA tyAga tapa meM sahAyaka hone se yaha avamaudarya tapa kahA jAtA hai| muni puruSa peTa bhara 32 grAsa pramANa aura AryikA strI ke kukSi pUraka AhAra kA parimANa 28 grAsa hotA hai isase kama grAsa se lekara eka grAsa pramANa kA AhAra avamaudarya hai / sallekhanA ke samaya dUdha, dahI, ghI, tela, gur3a lavaNa, patrazAka, sUpa ghRtapUra puve Adi saba kA yA eka eka kA tyAga rasa parityAga hotA hai / zaMkha ke AvartI ke samAna yA pakSiyoM kI paMkti jaise gocarI bhikSA ke anusAra bhramaNa karate hue, bhikSA milI to grahaNa karU~gA aisA saMkalpa karanA vRttiparisaMkhyAna hai / sukhAsana pUrvaka AhAra grahaNa na karanA aura AhAra ke pazcAt zayana hetu leTanA nahIM tathA AhAra ke pazcAt niSadyA pariSaha pUrvaka tapatI zilA yA sardI meM bAhara ekAnta meM sAmAyika meM baiThanA kAlakleza hai tathA jisa vasati meM manojJa yA amanojJa zabda, rUpa gaMdha sparza ke dvArA azubha pariNAma na hote hoM athavA svAdhyAya va dhyAna meM vyAghAta nahIM hotA ho, vaha vivikta vasati hai / isake sAtha hI udgama utpAdana aura eSaNA doSoM se rahita, jIvoM kI utpatti se rahita, zayyA rahita, duHpramArjana Adi saMskAra se rahita vasati meM nivAsa karanA, zUnya ghara pahAr3a kI guphA, vRkSa kA mUla Ane vAloM ke lie banAyA gayA ghara, devakula, zikSAlaya, ArAma ghara Adi vivikta vasatiyA~ hotI hai jinameM samAdhimaraNa lene vAlA kSapaka apanI sAdhanA ko sampanna karatA hai / kAyakleza ke antargata rAtri meM zayana nahIM karanA, snAna nahIM karanA, dA~toM ko vRkSa kI dAtauna se saphAI nahIM karanA, zItakAla tathA garmI meM Atapana yoga karanA Adi bhI AtA hai| 60 bAhyatapa se saba sukha-zIlatA chUTa jAtI hai / sukhazIlatA rAga utpanna karatI hai / rAga, rAga ko bar3hAtA hai jo karmabandha kA kAraNa hone

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anekAnta 59/3-4 se doSoM ko lAtA hai| zarIra duHkha kA kAraNa hai| usako chor3ane kA upAya hai- isako krama se kRza krnaa| bAhya tapa se zarIra kRza hotA hai| bAhya tapa se zarIra rasa aura sukha meM apratibaddha yAnI anAsakta hotA hai| binA saMkleza pariNAmoM ke duHkha sahane se karmo kI nirjarA hotI hai aura dhyAna meM (ekAgra) hotA hai| bAhya tapa se AtmA, kula, gaNa, ziSya paramparA zobhita hotI hai| Alasya chUTa jAtA hai zarIra meM halkApana AtA hai| jisase svAdhyAya va dhyAna binA kaSTa ke ho jAte haiN| isa prakAra udgama, utpAdana aura eSaNA doSa se rahita bhojana aura pAna se tathA parimita, laghu, rasa rahita, rUkSa bhojana pAna se yatigaNa bAhya tapa kI sAdhanA karate haiN| bAhya tapa se maraNa kAla meM jo sarva AhAra kA tyAga karanA hotA hai, usakA abhyAsa hAtA hai| anazana Adi tapa se nidrA jaya hotI hai, dhyAna dRr3ha hotA hai, asaMyama karane vAle mana kA ghAta hotA hai jisase svAdhyAya tapa meM vighna nahIM hotA hai| adhika bhojana karane vAlA- svAdhyAya kaise kara sakatA hai? sukha meM rAga ko tyAganA aura bhUkha pyAsa ke kaSTa meM saMkleza na hone denA tathA krama se AhAra ko kama karate hue zarIra ko kRza karanA tathA vRttiparisaMkhyAna ke dvArA AhAra ko saMkucita karate hue sallekhanA ko Age bar3hAtA hai| tatvArthasUtra ke anusAra- "mAraNAMtikI sallekhanA jossitaa| arthAt vratI muni| yA gRhastha maraNa ke samaya hone vAlI sallekhanA ko prItipUrvaka sevana karatA hai| kaSAya- Abhyantara sallekhanA hai| aura kAya bAhya sallekhanA hai| zarIra kA sAdhana bhojana hai jise kramazaH ghaTAne se zarIra kRza hotA hai tathA kaSAya ke kAraNoM se bacane se kaSAya ghaTatI hai| zarIra sukhA DAlA aura krodhAdi kaSAyeM nahIM ghaTI, to zarIra kA zoSaNa vyartha hai| sarvArthasiddhi grantha meM eka pratIka udAharaNa diyA gayA hai- yadi vyApArI ke kisI kAraNa vaza vyApAra kendra meM Aga laga jAye to pahile use bujhAkara vaha vyApAra kendra ke bhavana kI rakSA karatA hai, kintu yadi usakA

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 bacAnA zakya na ho to usameM bhare hue mAla ko bacAne kA prayatna karatA hai / isI prakAra dharma rakSA ke lie dharma kA sAdhana zarIra hai, use pahile bacAnA cAhie / parantu yadi usakA baca pAnA sambhava nahIM dikhe to dharma kI rakSA kA prayatna kiyA jAnA cAhie / 62 jIvana meM janma jitanA satya hai mRtyu utanI hI aparihArya hai / parantu jIvana moha ke kAraNa manuSya isa satya ko bhulA detA hai / sAdhu yA vratI zrAvaka ko jIvana meM harSa aura mRtyu meM kheda nahIM karanA caahie| jisakI mRtyu zAnadAra hotI hai unakA jIvana bhI zAnadAra hotA hai / rokara yA vilApa karate hue prANoM kA tyAga karanA kAyaratA hai / sAhasapUrvaka mRtyu kA aliMgana karate hue ise maMgala mahotsava ke rUpa meM apanAnA caahie| Agama meM maraNa pA~ca prakAra kA kahA gayA hai 1. paNDita paNDita maraNa- Ayoga kevalI yA bArahaveM guNasthAnavartI kSINa kaSAya vale isa prakAra kA maraNa karate hai / 2. paNDita maraNa ke 3 bheda hote hai- (i) bhakta pratijJA (ii) pAdopagamana maraNa aura (iii) iMginI maraNa jo mahAvrata dhArI sAdhu ke hotA hai / 3. bAla paNDita maraNa- viratAvirata saMyamI jIva kA bAla paNDita maraNa hotA hai / 4. bAla maraNa - avirata samyakdRSTi jIva ke bAla maraNa hotA hai / 5. bAla bAla maraNa- mithyAdRSTi ke yaha maraNa hotA hai| pAyopagamaNamaraNaM bhattapaiNNA ya iMgiNI ceva / tivihaM paNDitamaraNaM sAhussa jahuttacArissa // bha.A. 28 paNDita maraNa ke 3 bhedoM meM bhaktapratijJA maraNa meM AcaraNa zIla sAdhu svayaM apanI vaiyyAvRtya karatA hai aura dUsaroM se bhI karAtA hai| iMgiNImaraNa meM vaha apanI vaiyyAvRtya svayaM karatA hai, parantu dUsaroM se nahIM karAtA hai tathA pAdopagamana (prAyopagamana) meM na svayaM apanI sevA karatA

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 63 hai aura na dUsaroM se karAtA hai / utkRSTa bhakta pratyAkhyAna - sallekhanA kA kAla pUrNa bAraha varSa hotA hai / nAnA kAyaklezoM ke sAtha vaha cAra varSa bitAtA hai / phira dUdha Adi rasoM ko tyAgakara 4 varSa taka zarIra ko sukhAtA hai / phira AcAmla aura nirvikRti ke dvArA 2 varSa vyatIta karatA hai / AcAmla ke dvArA eka varSa vyatIta karatA hai / zarIra kI sallekhanA ke upAyoM meM AcAmla ko utkRSTa mAnA jAtA hai isameM 2 dina yA 3 dina yA 4 dina yA 5 dina ke upavAsa ke bAda adhikatara parimita aura laghu AhAra letA hai / zeSa eka varSa ko kSepaka madhyama tapa ke dvArA 6 mAha aura utkRSTa tapa ke dvArA zeSa 6 mAha bitAtA hai / " 1 abhyantara sallekhanA - kaSAyoM se rahita hone para hI pariNAma vizuddhi hotI hai| ataH pariNAma vizuddhi ko kaSAya sallekhanA kahA hai| jisa muni kA citta krodhAgni se kaluSita hai usake pariNAma vizuddha nahIM hote ataH aisA muni kaSAya - sallekhanA vAlA nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki kaSAya ko kRza karanA hI kaSAya- sallekhanA hai / kSapaka ko cAhie ki yadi thor3I bhI kaSAya Aga kI bhAMti uThe to bujhA deM / kaSAya dUra hote hI rAga dveSa kI utpatti zAnta ho jAtI hai| jitane bhI parigraha rAgadveSa ko utpanna karate haiM una parigrahoM ko chor3ane vAlA aparigrahI sAdhu rAga va dveSa ko nizcaya se jItatA hai| samAdhimaraNa meM sahAyaka pA~ca zuddhiyA~ va pA~ca prakAra ke viveka bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM samAdhimaraNa kI sahAyaka pA~ca prakAra kI zuddhiyA~ va pA~ca prakAra ke viveka kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| use prApta kiye binA kSapaka ko samAdhi prApta nahIM hotI hai / parama samAdhi ko pAne ke lie prajJAzIla kSapaka ko ina zuddhiyoM ko nizcita hI dhAraNa karanA cAhie /

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anekAnta 59/3-4 paMcavihaM je suddhiM pattA NikhileNa Nicchida mdiiyaa| paMcavihaM ca vivegaM te hu samAdhi paramumati // AloyaNAe sejjAsaMthA rUvahINa bhttpaannss| vejjAvaccakarANa ya suddhI khalu paMcahA hoI ||m.aa. 167-168 // pA~ca prakAra kI zuddhiyA~ isa prakAra hai- (1) AlocanA zuddhi (2) zayyA zuddhi (3) saMstara aura parigraha kI zuddhi (4) bhaktapAna kI zuddhi tathA (5) vaiyAvRtya karane vAle kI shddhi| mAyA aura mRSA se rahita honA AlocanA zuddhi hai| mana meM kuTilatA yA kapaTa bhAva honA mAyA hai tathA asatya bhASaNako mRSA kahate hai| mAyA kaSAya hai joki Abhyantara parigraha hai| mRSA bhI Abhyantara parigraha kI zreNI meM AtA hai kyoMki asatya bhASaNa ke dvArA karma kA grahaNa hotA hai, ataH yaha upadhi haiN| __ udgama, utpAdana aura eSaNA doSoM se rahita honA tathA 'yaha merA hai' aisA mamatva bhAva parigraha kA bhAva hai| mUrchA parigrahaH // ttvaarthsuutr|| yaha mUrchAbhAva nahIM hotA vasati aura saMstara rUpa parigraha kI zuddhi hai| saMstara aura vasati kA tyAga kara dene se vaha upadhityAga hotA hai| zivArya parigraha tyAga kA krama batalAte haiM ki savvatya davva pajjaya mamattasaMga vijaDo pnnihidppaa| Nippa Naya pema rAgo uvejja savvatya samabhAvaM // bha.A. 172 // arthAt sarva deza meM pratibaddha AtmA dravya aura paryAyoM se mamatA rUpI parigraha se rahita hokara praNaya, prema aura rAga ke nAnA vikalpoM ko tyAga kara samabhAva ko dhAraNa kre| jo vyakti vastu svarUpa ko jAnane meM apane upayoga ko lagA letA hai tathA jo pudgala kI vaibhAvika paryAyoM meM mamatA nahIM karatA tathA putra, srI, mitrAdi meM bhoga ke sAdhanoM meM unakI rUpa rasa gandha aura sparza paryAyoM me praNaya arthAta prema va rAga ke Asakti rUpa pariNAmoM se rahita hotA hai, vahI samabhAva ko prApta ho sakatA hai| zayyA rahita honA zayyA zuddhi hai|

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 bAhya chaha prakAra ke tapa dvArA vaha bhaktapAna kI zuddhi karatA hai / vaiyyAvRti karane vAle ko saMyamI evaM vaiyAvRtya ke krama kA jJAtA honA cAhie / yahI vaiyAvRtya karane vAle kI zuddhi hai / kSapaka saMyamI vyakti se hI vaiyAvRtti karavAtA hai anyathA usako svIkAra nahIM karatA hai / 65 anya pakAra se pA~ca prakAra kI zuddhiyA~ bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM isa prakAra kahI gayI haiM: ahavA daMsaNa NANa caritta suddhI ya viNaya suddhI ya / AvAsa ya suddhI viya paMca viyappA havadi suddhI // 169 | (1) darzana zuddhi (2) jJAna zuddhi (3) caritra zuddhi (1) vinaya zuddhi (5) Avazyaka zuddhi | (1) samyagdarzana ke ATha aMgoM (guNoM) ko dhAraNa karanA darzana zuddhi hai / ATha guNa isa prakAra hai- niHzaMkita guNa, niHkAMkSita guNa, nirvicikitsA, amUDhadRSTi, upagUhana, sthitikaraNa, vAtsalya, aura prabhAvanA / ina guNoM ke dhAraNa karane se azubha pariNAma rUpa parigrahoM kA tyAga ho jAtA hai kyoMki inake viparIta ATha doSa batAye haiM jo samyagdarzana ko malina banA dete haiM // astu, darzana-zuddhiaSTa aMgoM ke sahita samyagdarzana ko prApta honA hai| darzana zuddhi ke lie samyaktva ke paccIsa guNa batAye gaye haiM jinase yukta honA caahie| tIna mUDhatA, ATha mada, chaha anAyatana aura zaMkAdi ATha doSoM isa prakAra kula paccIsa doSoM ko TAlane se samyaktva ke 25 guNa prApta hote haiM jinase darzana meM zuddhi AtI hai / (i) yathAyogya samaya meM par3hanA- jJAna zuddhi hai| usake hone para akAla paThana Adi kriyA jo jJAnAvaraNa ke bandha kA kAraNa hai, usakA tyAga ho jAtA hai /

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anekAnta 59/3-4 (iii) paccIsa bhAvanAe~ honA cAritra zuddhi hai| usake hone para mana kI caMcalatA ko na rokanA Adi azubha pariNAma Abhyantara parigraha hai, unakA tyAga ho jAtA hai| (iv) iSTa phala kI apekSA na karake vinaya karanA vinaya zuddhi hai| yaha vinaya bhI cAra prakAra kI kahI gayI hai- jJAna vinaya, darzana vinaya, cAritra vinaya aura upacAra viny| ___ (v) sAvadha yoga kA tyAga, jinadeva ko guNoM meM anurAga, namaskAra karane yogya zruta kA pAlana kiye hue aparAdha kI nindA mana se pratyAkhyAna karanA, zarIra asAratA aura usake anupakArIpane kA cintana karanA Adi Avazyaka zuddhi hai| usake hone se azubha yoga zarIra se mamatA, aparAdha ke prati glAni na honA Adi Abhyantara parigraha kA nirasana ho jAtA hai| pA~ca prakAra ke viveka kA vivecana iMdiya kasAya uvadhINa, bhattapANassa cAvi dehss| esa vivego bhaNido, paMcavidho dvvbhaavgdo|| bha.A. 170 // (1) indriya viveka (2) kaSAya viveka (3) upathi viveka (4) bhaktapAna viveka aura (5) deha vivek| ye pA~coM dravya aura bhAva rUpa se do-do prakAra se vargIkRta kiye jA sakate hai| (1) paMca indriya ke viSayoM meM rAga pUrvaka pravRtta na honA na hI isa prakAra ke vacanoM kA uccAraNa karanA ki maiM amuka rUpa dekhatA hU~ maiM yaha rAga sunatA hU~ maiM ghane bAloM ko dekhatA hU~ yA oSTha kA rasapAna karatA hU~ amuka sugaMdhita puSpa ko sUMghatA hU~ / yaha saba dravya indriya viveka hai| rUpAdi kA jJAna honaa| usa jJAna ko bhAvendriya kahate hai| usa jJAna ke hone para bhI rAgadveSa na karanA aura mAnasa jJAna kA pariNata na honA bhAva indriya viveka hai|

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 (2) dravya kaSAya viveka ke do bheda haiM- (i) zarIra se aura (ii) vacana se / 67 krodha ke vazIbhUta hokara A~khoM kA lAla honA, oTha kATanA zastra uThAnA Adi kAya vyApAra na karanA kAya dravya kaSAya viveka hai| mAna mAyA aura lobha ke vazIbhUta hokara kAya - vyApAra na karanA / vacanoM se aisA nahIM bolanA ki maiM mAratA hU~, tAr3ana karatA haeNU ityAdi vacana krodha kaSAya viveka hai| dUsare ke dvArA kiye gaye tiraskAra apamAna yA niMdA Adi ke nimitta se citta meM malinatA kA na honA bhAva se krodha viveka hai / mAna kaSAya viveka kAya kI apekSA sira ko U~cA karanA, uccAsana para binA kahe baiThanA Adi hai tathA vacana kI apekSA se aisA bolanA ki mujha se bar3A kauna zAstra kA jJAtA hai kauna tapasvI yA cAritravAna hai Adi vacana na bolanA vacana mAna kaSAya viveka hai| prakAra inase maiM utkRSTa hU~ aisA mana meM ahaMkAra karanA bhAva-mAna kaSAya haiM aura usakA nahIM honA bhAva mAna kaSAya viveka hai / mAyA janya upadeza kA tyAga karanA vacana mAyA viveka hai| lobha kaSAya viveka bhI do prakAra hotA hai| kisI vastu ko lobha vaza cAhane hetu hAtha pasAranA sira hilAkara cAhane ke lie svIkRta karanA Adi kAya vyApAra na karanA kAya lobha viveka hai / yaha vastu yA grAma ityAdi kA maiM svAmI hU~ aisA vacana caccAraNa na karanA athavA ne maiM kisI kA svAmI hU~ na kucha merA hai aisA bolanA vacana lobha viveka hai / yaha merA hai isa bhAva rUpa moha janya pariNAma kA na honA bhAva lobha viveka hai| prakArAntara se pA~ca prakAra ke viveka isa prakAra haiM ahavA sarIrasejjA saMthAru vahINa bhattapANassa / vejjAvaccakarANa ya hoi vivego tahA ceva // bha.A. 171 // (1) zarIra yA deha viveka (2) vasati viveka saMstara viveka (3) upadhi viveka (4) bhaktapAna viveka tathA (5) vaiyAvRtya karane vAloM kA viveka

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anekAnta 59/3-4 dravya aura bhAva rUpa hotA hai| ukta meM zarIra viveka, upadhi viveka aura bhaktapAna viveka ubhayaniSTha haiN| (1) zarIra viveka- apane zarIra meM hone vAle upadravoM kA dUra na karanA zarIra viveka hai| zarIra para upadrava karane vAle manuSya tiryaca Adi ko hAtha se nahIM rokanA / DAMsa, macchara, vicchU, kutte Adi ko hAtha se yA picchI Adi upakaraNa yA daNDa se dUra nahIM karatA yaha kAya se zarIra viveka hai| mere zarIra ko pIr3A mata do athavA merI rakSA karo aisA na bolanA athavA caitanya se aura sukha duHkha ke samvedana se rahita yaha zarIra hai aisA bolanA vacana se zarIra viveka hai| (2) upakaraNoM kA tyAga karanA kAya se upadhi viveka hai tathA upakaraNoM kA tyAga karatA huuN| aisA bolanA vacana se upadhi viveka hai| (3) bhojana evaM rasa jala Adi ko na khAnA na pInA kAya se bhaktapAna viveka hai tathA isa prakAra ka bhojana yA pAna ko meM grahaNa nahIM karatA hU~ aisA kahanA vacana bhaktapAna viveka hai| (4) jisameM pahile rahe haiM, usa vasati meM na rahanA kAya se vasati viveka hai| isI prakAra pUrva ke saMstara para na sonA na baiThanA kAya se saMstara viveka hai| maiM vasati yA saMstara ko tyAgatA hU~ yaha kahanA vacana vasati yA vacana saMstara viveka hai| (5) vaiyAvRtya karane vAle ziSyoM Adi ke sAtha vAsa na karanA kAya se vaiyAvRtya karane vAloM kA viveka hai tathA vacana se aisA bolanA ki vaiyyAvRtya mata karo maiMne tumhArA tyAga kiyA vacana se viveka hai| sarvatra zarIra meM vasati yA saMstara meM, bhaktapAna Adi meM anurAga bhAva se 'yaha merA hai' isa prakAra kA bhAva mana meM na karanA bhAva viveka hai| ukta pA~ca prakAra kI zuddhiyoM kA pAlana karane tathA pA~ca prakAra ke viveka ko mana vacana eMva kAya se saMrakSita karane vAle kSapaka kA samAdhimaraNa samatA, nispRha aura zAnta bhAvoM se sampanna hotA hai|

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anekAnta 59/3-4 sallekhanA pUrvaka maraNa honA bar3e saubhAgya kI dAta hai| AcArya kahate haiM gurumUle yatinicite caityasiddhAntavArdhi sdghosse| mama bhavatu janma janmani saMnyasanasamanvitaM maraNaM // arthAt jahA~ muni samudAya virAjamAna ho, jina pratimA ke samIpa athavA siddhAnta samudra kA gambhIra ghoSa ho rahA ho unake caraNamala meM merA janma janma meM saMnyAsa sahita samAdhi maraNa ho| kSapaka ko sallekhanA ke samaya pariNAmoM kI vizuddhatA para pUrNa sAvadhAnI rakhanA caahie| kisI prakAra kI lokavAsanA kaSAya pariNati tapobhaMga vikAra vicAraNAe~ usa samaya nahIM AnA caahie| kSepaka yA samAdhigRhItA ko aisA cintana karanA cAhie ki merI mRtyu nahIM ho sakatI phirabhaya kaisA? mujhe koI roga nahIM phira pIr3A kaisI? na maiM bAlaka hU~ na vRddha na yuvaa| yaha saba pudgalakI paryAyeM haiN| isa prakAra janma, maraNa, sukha dukha lAbha-alAbha saMyoga viyoga sabhI sthitiyoM meM samatA dhAraNa kara samAdhi-maraNa honA caahie|' he jJAna Atman! mRtyu mahotsava ke uparisthata hone para tuma kisa bAta kA bhaya karate ho? yaha AtmA apane svarUpa meM sthita rahatA huA eka deha se dUsare deha meM jAtA hai isameM bhaya kyA? vaha vicAra karatA hai ki karma ripu ne AtmA ko deha piMjare meM baMdI banA rakhA hai| jisa samaya se garbha meM AyA, usI kSaNa se kSudhA, tRSA, roga, viyoga, Adi dukhoM ne ghera rakhA hai| isa bandhanagrasta AtmA ko sivA mRtyu rAjA ke aura kauna mukta kara sakatA hai?12 jina jIvoM kA citta saMsAra meM AsaktimAna hai ve apane rUpa ko nahIM jAnate ataH unheM mRtyu bhayaprada hotI hai, kintu jo mahAna AtmAeM AtmasvarUpa ko jAnatI haiM aura vairAgyadhara haiM unake lie samAdhimaraNa Ananda prada hai| tapa kA tApa bhoganA vrata kA pAlana karanA aura zruta kA paThana karanA ina sabakA phala samAdhimaraNa prApta karanA hai| astu utsAhapUrvaka isa samAdhimaraNa meM pravRtta honA caahie|

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anekAnta 59/3-4 sandarbha 1 sallahaNA ya duvihA abbhatariyA ya bAhirA cev| abdhetarA kasAyesu bAhirA hodi du sarIre // bha.A. gAthA na. 208 / / 2 savve rase paNIda NijjUhittA du pttlukkhenn| aNNadareNuvadhANeNa sallihai ya appayaM kmso|| bha.A 209 // aNasaNa avamoyariyaM cAo ya rasANa vRttiprisrvaa| kAyakilekhasejjA ya vivitta vAhira tavo so // bha.A. 210 // bAhiraveNa hodi hu savvA suha sIladA priccttaa| sallihiMda ca sarIra ThavidoM appA ya sNvege| bha.A. 239 || 4. dukkhaM ca bhAvidaM hodi appaDibaddho ya deha rasa sukkhe| musamUriyA kaSAyA visaesu aNAyaro hodi // abhA. 241 // 5 aNu puyeNAhAraM savaTTato ya sallihai dehN| divasuggahieNa taveNa cAvi sallehaNaM kunni|| vivihAhiM esaNAhi ya avaggahehiM vivihehi uggehi| saMjamamavirahito jahAbala sallihai dehaM // a.bhA. 250 // 6. gAthA na. 256 bha. ArAdhanA vijayodayATIkA zivArya, 7. gAthA na. 265, 8. gAthA na. 166, 9. picchI kamaDalu kRti- AcArya vidyAnanda prakAzaka rAjasthAna jaina sabhA jayapura peja 185 se saabhaar| 10. na me mRtyu. kuto bhItirna me vyAdhiH kuto vyathA / nAhaM bAlo na vRddho'haM na yuvaitAni pudgle| vahI - peja 185 // 11. jI viya maraNe lAhAlAhe saMjoga vippajoge y| baMdhuri suha dukkhAdo samadA samAyiyaM nnaam|| vahI - peja1851 12. AgamAdi duHkha santaptaH prakSipto deha pNjre| nAtmA vimucyate'nyena mRtyubhUmipatiM binaa|| zloka- 5 samAdhi saptadazI zAsakIya uccatara mAdhyamika zAlA kra. 3 ke sAmane, bInA (ma.pra.)

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madhyaloka meM bhogabhUmiyA~H eka anucintana ___ - DaoN. jayakumAra jaina AkAza ke jisa bhAga meM jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma aura kAla dravya pAye jAte haiM, vaha loka hai tathA zeSa AkAza aloka kahalAtA hai| jagazreNI ke ghana pramANa se yaha loka tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta haiadholoka, Urdhvaloka aura mdhylok| inameM adholoka kA AkAra vetrAsana ke samAna, madhyaloka kA AkAra khar3e kiye gaye Adhe mRdaMga ke Urdhva bhAga ke samAna tathA Urdhvaloka kA AkAra khar3e kiye hue mRdaMga ke samAna hai| tInoM lokoM kA samanvita AkAra usa manuSya sadRza hai, jo apane donoM pairoM ko phailAkara evaM donoM hAthoM ko kaTi pradeza para rakhakara khar3A ho| adholoka meM naraka kI sAta bhUmiyA~ evaM unake nIce nigodoM kI nivAsabhUta aSTama bhUmi hai| Urdhvaloka sumeru parvata kI coTI se eka bAla mAtra antara se prAraMbha hokara lokazikhara taka hai| inameM sarvArthasiddhi taka svargaloka tathA sarvArthasiddhi ke dhvajadaNDa se 29 yojana 425 dhanuSa Upara siddhaloka hai| madhyaloka kA paricaya ___ lokAkAza ke ThIka bIca meM eka rAjU lambA, eka rAjU caur3A evaM eka lAkha cAlIsa yojana U~cA madhya loka hai| yataH isameM dvIpa evaM samudroM kI racanA tirache rUpa meM pAI jAtI hai, ataH ise tiryagloka bhI kahA jAtA hai| isameM jambUdvIpa evaM lavaNa samudra se lekara eka dUsare ko AveSTita kiye hue asaMkhyAta dvIpa evaM samudra haiN| ina dvIpa evaM samudroM kA vistAra eka dUsare se dUnA-dUnA hai| jambUdvIpa meM bharata, haimavata, hari, videha, ramyaka, hairaNyavata aura airAvata nAmaka sAta kSetra pAye jAte haiN| inakA vibhAjana pUrva se pazcima taka lambAyamAna himavana, mahAhimavana,

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anekAnta 59/3-4 niSadha, nIla, rukmi evaM zikharI nAmaka cha: kulAcala karate haiN|' AgamavarNita sapta kSetroM ke nAma anAdi-nidhana evaM zAzvata haiN| bhUmi kA artha ___ loka meM jIvoM ke nivAsa sthAna ko bhUmi kahA jAtA hai| madhyaloka meM karmabhUmi evaM bhogabhUmi nAmaka do prakAra kI bhUmiyA~ haiM, jinameM manuSya aura tiryaca nivAsa karate haiN| jahA~ ke nivAsI svayaM kRSi Adi SaTkarma karake jIvanayApana karate haiM, use karmabhUmi kahA jAtA hai tathA jahA~ aisI vyavasthA nahIM hai, apitu kalpavRkSajanya bhogoM kI pradhAnatA hai, use bhogabhUmi kahA jAtA hai| yadyapi bhogabhUmi puNyaphala mAnI jAtI hai, tathApi bhogabhUmi se mokSa puruSArtha kI sAdhanA nahI hotI hai| bhogabhUmi kA artha ___ AcArya pUjyapAda svAmI ne bhogabhUmi kA niruktyartha karate hue kahA hai-'dazavidhakalpavRkSakalpitabhogAnubhavanaviSayatvAd bhogabhUmaya iti vyapadizyante' arthAt dasa prakAra ke kalpavRkSoM se prApta hue bhogoM ke upabhoga kI mukhyatA hone se bhogabhUmiyA~ kahI jAtI haiN| bhagavatI ArAdhanA kI vijayodayA TIkA meM zrI aparAjitasUri ne bhogabhUmija manuSyoM kA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki jahA~ manuSya madya, tUrya, vastra, AhAra, pAtra, AbharaNa, mAlA, ghara, dIpa ora jyoti pradAna karane vAle dasa prakAra ke kalpavRkSoM se jIvanayApana karate haiM, jahA~ pura, grAma Adi nahI hote haiM, na rAjA hote haiM na kula, na karma evaM na zilpa hotA hai| na varNavyavasthA, na AzramavyavasthA hotI hai| jahA~ strI-puruSa nIroga rahakara pati-patnI ke rUpa meM ramaNa karate hue pUrva janma ke puNya kA phala bhogate haiM aura svabhAvataH bhadra hone ke kAraNa marakara bhI svarga meM jAte haiM, ve bhogabhUmiyA~ kahI gaI haiN| inameM janma lene vAle manuSya bhogabhUmija kahalAte haiN|

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anekAnta 59/3-4 kalpavRkSa aura unakA kArya jo yugaloM ko apane-apane mana se kalpita vastue~ pradAna karate haiM, unheM kalpavRkSa kahate haiN| bhogabhUmi meM pAnAMga, tUryAMga, bhUSaNAMga, vastrAMga, bhojanAMga, AlayAMga, dIpAMga, bhAjanAMga, mAlAMga aura tejAMga nAmaka kalpavRkSa hote haiN| pAnAMga jAti ke kalpavRkSa madhura, susvAda, SaTrasayukta, prazasta, atizItala, tuSTi evaM puSTikAraka battIsa prakAra ke peya pradAna karate haiN| tUryAMga jAti ke kalpavRkSa uttama vINA, paTu paTaha, mRdaMga, jhAlara, zaMkha, duMdubhi, bhaMbhA, bherI aura kAhala Adi vAditra pradAna karate haiN| bhUSaNAMga jAti ke kalpavRkSa kaMkaNa, kaTisUtra, hAra, keyUra, maMjIra, kaTaka, kuNDala, kirITa ora mukuTa Adi AbhUSaNa pradAna karate haiN| vastrAMga jAti ke kalpavRkSa cInapaTa, uttama kSauma tathA mana evaM netroM ko AnandadAyaka nAnA prakAra ke anya vastra pradAna karate haiN| bhojanAMga jAti ke kalpavRkSa solaha prakAra ke AhAra, solaha prakAra ke vyaMjana, caudaha prakAra ke sUpa, eka sau ATha prakAra ke khAdya padArtha, tIna sau tiresaTha prakAra ke svAdya padArtha tathA tiresaTha prakAra ke rasa pRthaka-pRthaka pradAna karate haiN| AlayAMga jAti ke kalpavRkSa svastika evaM nandyAvarta Adi solaha prakAra ke ramaNIya bhavana pradAna karate haiN| dIpAMga jAti ke kalpavRkSa prAsAdoM meM zAkhA, pravAla, phala, phUla evaM aMkura Adi ke dvArA jalate hue dIpakoM ke sAmAna prakAza pradAna karate haiN| bhAjanAMga jAti ke kalpavRkSa svarNa evaM vividha ratnoM se nirmita thAla, jhArI, kalaza, gAgara, cAmara aura Asana Adi pradAna karate haiN| mAlAMga jAti ke kalpavRkSa vallI ,taru, guccha, evaM latAoM se utpanna solaha hajAra prakAra ke phUloM kI vividha mAlAyeM pradAna karate haiN| tejAMga jAti ke kalpavRkSa dopahara ke karor3oM sUryo kI kiraNoM ke samAna hokara nakSatra, candra evaM sUrya Adi kI kAnti kA saharaNa karate haiN| ye kalpavRkSa na to vanaspatikAyika haiM aura na hI vyantara deva haiM, apitu pRthivIkAyika hai tathA jIvoM ko unake puNya kA phala pradAna karate haiN| AdipurANakAra AcArya jinasena

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 ne pAnAMga ke sthAna para madyAMga kalpavRkSa kA ullekha kiyA hai / unake anusAra madyAMga kalpavRkSa sugandhita evaM amRta sadRza madhura maireya, sIdhu, ariSTa aura Asava Adi madya pradAna karate haiM / vAstava meM ye vRkSoM ke eka prakAra ke rasa haiM, jinheM bhogabhUmija manuSya sevana karate haiM / madyapAyI loga jisa madya kA pAna karate haiM, vaha mada kA kAraka hai tathA antaHkaraNa ko mohita karane vAlA hai; ataH AryajanoM dvArA sarvathA tyAjya hai / " 74 madhyaloka meM bhogabhUmiyA~ 1 madhyaloka ke sAta kSetroM meM haimavata aura hairaNyavata do kSetroM meM sadaiva duHSamAsuSamA kAla rahatA hai, ataH vahA~ para jadhanya bhogabhUmi rahatI hai hari aura ramyaka ina do kSetroM para meM sadaiva suSamA kAla rahatA hai, ataH vahA~ para madhyama bhogabhUmi rahatI hai / niSadha evaM nIla parvatoM ke antarAla meM sthita videha kSetra ke bahumadhya bhAga meM eka sumeru aura cAra gajadanta parvata haiN| inase rokA gayA bhUkhaNDa devakuru aura uttarakuru kahalAtA hai / devakuru evaM uttarakuru rUpa videha kSetra meM sadA uttama bhogabhUmi rahatI hai / zeSa videha kSetra meM karmabhUmi hai bharata evaM airAvata kSetra karmabhUmiyA~ haiM, kintu yahA~ para utsarpiNI aura avasarpiNI ke rUpa meM chaH samayoM kI apekSA vRddhi aura hrAsa hotA rahatA hai / utsarpiNI kAla meM bharata evaM airAvata kSetra meM rahane vAle manuSyoM meM bhoga, upabhoga, anubhava, sampadA, Ayu, parimANa, zarIra kI U~cAI, vibhUti Adi meM kramazaH vRddhi tathA avasarpiNI kAla meM hrAsa hotA jAtA hai / utsarpiNI kAla meM duSamA-duSamA, duSamA, duSamA- suSamA, suSamA - duSamA, suSamA evaM suSamA- suSamA ye SaTkAla hote haiM tathA avasarpiNI meM isake viparIta suSamA- suSamA, suSamA, suSamA - duSamA, duSamA- suSamA, duSamA aura duSamA-duSamA ye chaH kAla hote haiM / suSamA- suSamA nAmaka utsarpiNI ke chaThe tathA avasarpiNIke pahale kAla meM uttama bhogabhUmi kI vyavasthA pAI jAtI hai| suSamA nAmaka utsarpiNI ke

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anekAnta 59/3-4 pA~cave tathA avarsiNI ke dUsare kAla meM madhyama bhogabhUmi kI vyavasthA pAI jAtI hai| suSamA-duSamA nAmaka utsarpiNI ke cauthe tathA avasarpiNI ke tIsare kAla meM jaghanya bhogabhUmi kI vyavasthA pAI jAtI hai| zeSa kAloM meM karmabhUmi rahatI hai| utsarpiNI evaM avasarpiNI rUpa se kAlacakra kA ghumAva bharata evaM airAvata kSetra ke AryakhaNDoM meM hI pAyA jAtA hai, anyatra nhiiN| videha kSetra meM devakuru evaM uttarakuru meM suSamA-suSamA kAla tathA kSetra meM duSamA-suSamA kAla pAyA jAtA hai| uttama bhoga bhUmi kI avasthiti uttama bhogabhUmi (suSamA-suSamA kAla) meM bhUmi raja, dhUma, dAha evaM hima se rahita, sApha-sutharI, olAvRSTi evaM bicchU Adi kIr3oM ke upasarga se rahita, nirmala darpaNa ke samAna, niMdya padArtho se rahita, tana-mana evaM nayanoM ko sukhadAyaka hotI hai| usa para caturaMgala U~ce tRNa, vicitra varNa vAle vRkSa, kamalAdi se pUrNa kintu makarAdi se rahita puSkariNI aura vApikAyeM hotI hai| uttama bhogabhUmi meM vikalendriya jIva nahIM hote haiM, asaMjJI paMcendriya jIva bhI nahIM hote haiN| strI-puruSoM meM kisI bhI prakAra kI vedanA nahIM hotI hai| ve cauthe dina bera ke barAbara AhAra grahaNa karate haiN| strI-puruSoM ke zarIra kI U~cAI chaHhajAra dhanuSa, Ayu tIna palya hotI hai| pratyeka strI-puruSa ke pRSTha bhAga meM 256 haDDiyA~ hotI haiN| nara-nArI ke atirikta anya koI parivAra nahIM hotA hai| eka vyakti meM nau hajAra hAthiyoM ke barAbara bala hotA hai| inakA bhoga cakravartI ke bhoga se anantaguNA hotA hai| inakA saMhanana vajravRSabhanArAca aura saMsthAna samacaturasra hotA hai| strI kA maraNa jamhAI se tathA puruSa kA maraNa chIMka se ho jAtA hai| inakA kadalIghAta maraNa nahIM hotA hai| uttama bhogabhUmi meM ve jIva utpanna hote haiM jo mithyAtvasahita hone para bhI mandakaSAyI, jinapUjaka, saMyamI evaM AhAradAna Adi guNoM ke dhAraka hote haiN| pUrva meM

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anekAnta 59/3-4 manuSyAyu bA~dhakara tIrthakara ke pAdamUla meM kSAyika samyaktva prApta samyagdRSTi bhI uttama bhogabhUmi meM utpanna ho jAte haiN| pAtra ko dAna dekara yA dAnI kI anumodanA karane vAle tiryaca bhI bhogabhUmi meM utpanna hote haiN| kuliMgasevI yA kuliMgI bhogabhUmi meM tiryaca hote haiN| bhogabhUmi ke manuSya evaM tiryacoM meM nau mAha Ayu zeSa rahane para hI garbhadhAraNa hotA hai| garbha se yugala paidA hote hI tatkAla nara-nArI kA maraNa ho jAtA hai| bhogabhUmija mithyAvAdI manuSya evaM tiryaca bhavanatrika meM tathA samyagdRSTi manuSya evaM tiryaca saudharma-aizAna svarga paryanta utpanna hote haiN| bhogabhUmi meM utpanna bAlaka zayyA para aMgUThA cUsane, baiThane, asthira gamana, sthira gamana, guNaprApti, tAruNyaprApti evaM samyaktvagrahaNa kI yogyatA meM kamazaH tIna-tIna dina lagAte haiN| bhogabhUmija nara-nArI kA zarIra dhAtumaya hotA hai, phira bhI chinna-bhinna nahIM ho sakatA hai| unake zarIra meM mala-mUtra kA Amrava nahI hotA hai| bhogabhUmi meM vyAghrAdika bhI kalpavRkSoM ke madhura phala hI bhogate haiN| madhyama bhogabhUmi kI avasthiti madhyama bhogabhUmi (suSamA kAla) meM manuSyoM ke zarIra kI U~cAI cAra sau dhanuSa, Ayu do palya hotI hai| inake pRSThabhAga meM eka sau aTThAIsa haDDiyA~ hotI haiN| ve tIsare dina baher3A phala barAbara amRtamaya AhAra karate haiN| utpanna hue bAlaka ko zayyA para a~gUThA cUsane, baiThane, asthira gamana, guNaprApti, tAruNyaprApti evaM samyaktva grahaNa kI yogyatA meM kramazaH pA~ca-pA~ca dina laga jAte haiN| zeSa saba sthiti uttama bhogabhUmi kI hI taraha hotI haiN| jaghanya bhogabhUmi kI avasthiti jaghanya bhogabhUmi kI avasthiti (suSamA duSamA kAla) meM manuSyoM kI U~cAI do hajAra dhanuSa, Ayu eka palya hotI hai| yahA~ ke strI-purUSoM

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anekAnta 59/3-4 ke pRSTha bhAga meM causaTha haDDiyA~ hotI haiN| samacaturasrasaMsthAnadhArI ye eka dina ke antarAla se oNvale barAbara amRtamaya AhAra lete haiN| utpanna hue bAlaka ko zayyA para aMgUThA cUsane, baiThane, asthira gamana, sthira gamana, guNaprApti, tAruNyaprApti evaM samyaktva grahaNa kI yogyatA meM kramazaH sAta-sAta dina laga jAte haiN| zeSa kathana uttama evaM madhyama bhogabhUmi kI taraha hI hai|'' bhogabhUmi meM maraNa hone para manuSya kA zarIra karpUravat ur3a jAtA haiN| bhogabhUmi meM guNasthAna Adi bhogabhUmija jIvoM meM aparyApta avasthA meM mithyAtva evaM sAsAdana do guNasthAna, paryApta avasthA meM mithyAtva, sAsAdana, mizra evaM aviratasamyagdRSTi- cAra guNasthAna hote haiN| unake paryApta avasthA meM dasa prANa - paoNca indriyA~, mana vacana, kAya, zvAsocchvAsa evaM Ayu tathA paryApta avasthA meM mana, vacana evaM zvAsocchvAsa ko chor3akara zeSa sAta prANa hote haiN| bhogabhUmija jIva AhAra, bhaya, maithuna aura parigraha ina cAra saMjJAoM se; manuSya evaM tiryaMca gati se; paMcondriya jAti se trasa kAya se; gyAraha yogoM- 4 manoyoga, 4 vacanayoga, audArika, audArikamizra evaM kArmaNa kAyayoga se puruSaveda evaM strIveda se, sampUrNa kaSAyoM se; mati-zruta-avadhi-matyajJAna-zrutAjJAna-vibhaMgAvadhi ina chaH jJAnoM se; sarva asaMyama se; cakSu-acakSu evaM avadhi ina tIna darzanoM se saMyukta hote haiN| ye aparyAptaka avasthA meM donoM guNasthAnoM meM kRSNa, nIla evaM kApota lezyAoM se tathA paryApta avasthA meM cAroM guNasthAnoM meM tInoM zubha - pIta, padma evaM zukla lezyAoM se yukta hote haiN| ye bhavyatva evaM abhavyatva se; aupazamika, kSAyika, vedaka, mizra, sAsAdana aura mithyAtva se saMyukta hote haiN| ye saMjJI; AhAraka evaM anAhAraka tathA sAkAra evaM nirAkAra upayoga vAle hote haiN| bhogabhUmija tiryaca aura manuSya

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anekAnta 59/3-4 mandakaSAyI, puNyaprakRtiyoM ke udaya vAle tathA vividha vinodoM meM Asakta hote haiN| 12 78 kubhogabhUmi kumAnuSa jahA~ janma lete haiM, ve jahA~ rahate haiM, usa sthAna ko kubhogabhUmi yA kumAnuSadvIpa kahate haiN| kubhogabhUmi meM utpanna manuSya guphA evaM vRkSatala meM rahate haiM tathA phala-phUloM ko khAkara jIvanayApana karate haiM / yahAeN ke manuSya pApa karmoM ke phalasvarUpa kutsita rUpa ko dhAraNa karane vAle hote haiM / lavaNa samudra ke Abhyantara bhAga meM 24, bAhya bhAga meM 24 isI prakAra kAlodadhi samudra ke Abhyantara bhAga meM 24 evaM bAhya bhAga meM 24 kula 96 dvIpoM meM kubhogabhUmi hai / ina dvIpoM meM ramaNIya upavana, taDAga evaM phalapuSpasamanvita vRkSa pAye jAte haiN| kubhogabhUmiyoM meM eka jaMghA, eka karNa, pazumukha, matsyamukha, gomukha, meghamukha, vidyunmukha, hastimukha Adi kutsita AkRti vAle manuSyoM hote haiN| eka jaMghA vAle pUrva dizAgata kumAnuSa mIThI miTTI khAkara, zeSa phala-phUla khAkara jIvanayApana karate haiM / ye sabhI mandakaSAyI hote haiM, inakI Ayu eka palya hai / inakA janma-maraNa anya bhogabhUmija ke samAna hI hotA hai| ina manuSyoM kA mRta zarIra bhI bhogabhUmija ke manuSyoM ke samAna kapUra kI taraha ur3a jAtA hai / inakA agnisaMskAra Adi nahI hotA hai / kumAnuSa dvIpoM meM tiryaMca nahI pAye jAte haiM, vahA~ manuSya gati nAma karma ke udaya vAle manuSya hI utpanna hote haiN| kubhogabhUmi kI sampUrNa vyavasthA jadhanyabhogabhUmivat kahI gaI hai| 3 tIsa bhogabhUmiyoM evaM chyAnave kubhogabhUmiyoM meM kevala sukha hI hotA hai, jabaki karmabhUmi meM sukha-dukha donoM hote haiN| 14 I bhogabhUmi meM caritra kA abhAva bhogabhUmijoM meM utkRSTa rUpa se cAra guNasthAna hI rahate haiM / dhavalA

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 meM spaSTa rUpa se kahA gayA hai ki bhogabhUmija meM utpanna hue jIvoM ke aNuvratoM kA grahaNa nahIM bana sakatA hai / cAritra grahaNa na kara jAne kA ullekha karate hue zrI yativRSabhAcArya ne likhA hai 'te savve varajugalA aNNoSNuppaNNavemasaMgUDhA / jamhA tamhA tesuM sAvayavada saMjamo Natthi || 16 79 arthAt ve saba bhogabhUmija uttama yugala pArasparika prema meM atyanta mugdha rahate haiM / ata eva unake zrAvaka ke vrata aura saMyama nahI hotA hai / bhaTTa akalaMka deva kA bhI kathana hai ki bhogabhUmiyoM meM yadyapi jJAna evaM darzana to hotA hai, parantu bhogapariNAmI hone se unake cAritra nahI hotA hai|" yahAeN yaha vizeSa dhyAtavya hai ki yadyapi bhogabhUmiyoM meM saMyatAsaMyata evaM saMyata tiryaca yA manuSya nahI hote haiM, tathApi pUrva baira ke kAraNa devoM dvArA vahA~ le jAkara DAle gaye aise tiryaMca yA manuSya saMbhava haiM / 18 bhogabhUmiyoM kI saMkhyA devakuru, uttarakurU, haimavata, hari, ramyaka aura hairaNyavata ye cha: bhogabhUmiyA~ haiM / pA~ca meru sambandhI hone se inakI saMkhyA tIsa (5X6 30) ho jAtI hai F = antadvIpaja kubhogabhUmiyoM kI saMkhyA chyAnave hai / lavaNa samundra ke andara evaM bAhara tathA kAlodadhi samudra ke andara evaM bAhara bhAga meM 24-24 (24x4 96) kubhogabhUmiyA~ haiM / = sandarbha : (1) tiloyapaNpattI, 1 / 136-138 (2) 'bharata haimavataharivideharamyakahairaNyavatairAvatavarSAH kSetrANi / tadvibhAjinaH pUrvAparAyatA

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80 anekAnta 59/3-4 himavanmahAhimavanniSadhanIlarukmizikhariNo vrssdhrprvtaaH|' (3) sarvArthasiddhi, 3/37 -tattvArthasUtra, 3/10-11 (4) bhagavatI ArAdhanA, 780 kI vijayodayA TIkA (5) tiloyapaNNattI, 4/345-358 (6) mahApurANa, 9/37-39 (7) bharatairAvatavidehAH karmabhUmayo'nyatra devkuruuttrkurumyH|' -tattvArthasUtra, 3/27 (8) 'bharatairAvatayovRddhihrAsau ssttsmyaabhyaamutsrpinnyvsrpinniibhyaam| -vahI, 3/27. (9) dra.- tiloyapaNNatI, 4/324-396. (10) dra.- vahI, 4/400-405. (11) dra.- vahI, 4/407-413. (12) dra.- vahI, 4/416-427. (13) ratnatraya triloka ratnAkara, pRSTha 338-342. (gaNinI ArthikA vizuddhamatI) (14) 'chabbIsaduresakasaya pamANabhogakkhidINa suhamekkaM / kammakhidIsu parANaM havedi sokkhaM ca dukkhaM ca // - tiloyapaNNattI, 4/2999. (15) 'bhogabhUmAvutpannAnAM tadupAdAnAnupatte / dhavalA, I. I. I (16) tiloyapaNNattI, 4/386 (17) 'bhogabhUmiSu yadyapi manuSyANAM jJAnadarzane staH, cAritra tu nAsti, avirtbhogprinnaamitvaat|' -tattvArtharAjavArtika, 3/37 (18) jainendrasiddhAntakoSa, 2/236 pR. -upAcArya evaM adhyakSa-saMskRta vibhAga esa.DI. (pI.jI.) kAleja, mujaphpharanagara (u.pra.)

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karmakSaya meM dhyAna tapa kA mahatva aura svarUpa DaoN. rAjendra kumAra baMsala - jaina dharma ke anusAra pratyeka jIvAtmA svataMtra aura svAdhIna hai / koI kisI kA karttA - bhoktA - harttA nahIM hai| sabhI apane apane bhAvoM ke anusAra puNya-pApa kA arjana kara unake udaya anusAra sukha-dukha bhogate haiM / isa prakAra jIva kA jIvana-maraNa sukha-dukha hAni-lAbha Adi karmodaya janya paristhitiyoM para nirbhara karatA hai| jaina darzana meM karma kA tAtparya pudgala dravya kI azubha-zubha rUpa una sUkSma kArmaNa vargaNAoM se haiM jo jIva vizeSa ke azubha-zubha bhAvoM (pariNAmoM) ke nimitta se Atma pradezoM ke sAtha ekakSetrAvagAha sambaMdha sthApita karate haiM aura sthiti pUrNa hone para udaya meM Akara dukha-sukha kI sAmagrI evaM manovikAroM meM utpatti hetu nimitta banate haiN| yaha dhyAtavya hai ki AtmA aura karma ke madhya kartA-karma sambandha na ho kara mAtra nimitta - naimittika sambandha hotA hai / ina manovikAra rUpa krodhAdi bhAvoM ko bhAva karma kahate haiM / bhAva karma se AtmA kA jJAtA - dRSTA svarUpa zAMta svabhAva bAdhita hotA hai / karmoM ko dravya karma kahate haiN| Anadi kAla se dravya karma se bhAva karma aura bhAva karma se dravya karma baMdha kA ajJAna rUpa krama cAlU hai jo dukhamaya aura dukha svarUpa hai| isase nivRtti kA upAya hai Atmadarzana, AtmajJAna aura svarUpa meM ramaNatA / ise hI samyagdarzana, jJAna aura cAritra rUpa ekatA ko mokSa mArga kahA hai| yaha Atma-vijJAna kA viSaya hai jIvana meM dharma kA prArambha karmoM ke saMvara se hotA hai / saMvara arthAt karmo ke Agamana kA rukanA aura phira karmo kI nirjarA honA / sampUrNa karma kSaya se mokSa hotA hai| isa avasthA meM AtmA apane dravya guNa svarUpa ko paryAya meM vyakta kara parama sukhI aura anaMta jJAna darzana - sukha aura vIrya kA dhArI hotA hai| ise hI zuddhAtmA kI pUrNa vyaktatA kahate

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anekAnta 59/3-4 haiN| zuddhAtmA kI prApti saMyoga aura saMyogI bhAvoM se Atma svarUpa ke jJAyaka bhAva ke bhedavijJAna se hotI hai| isa prakAra zuddhAtmA ke jJAna eka anubhava se karmoM kA saMvara hotA hai| isake pazcAt zuddhopayoga rUpa zuddhAtmA meM sthiratA evaM icchA nirodha se karmoM kI nirjarArUpa karma kSaya hotA hai| yaha tapa se hI hotA hai| karmoM kA Anava-saMvara tatvArthasUtrakAra AcArya amAsvAmI ne karmo ke Asava- baMdha Adi kI sthiti ko nirUpita karate hue kahA hai ki 'kAyavADmanaHkarma yogaH' (tatvA. 6/1)1 kAya, vacana aura mana ke parispanda ko yoga kahate haiN| 'sa AsravaH' (6/2) vaha yoga hI Asava hai| 'zubhaH puNyasyA'zubhaH pApasya (6/3) zubha yoga puNya aura azubha yoga pApAnava kA kAraNa hai| yoga se Atma-pradezoM kA spaMdana hotA hai, jisase zubha-azubha karmaparamANu Atma pradeza meM praveza karate hai| zubha yoga se puNya aura azubha yoga se pApa kA baMdha hotA hai| yoga se prakRti aura pradeza rUpa karma kA baMdha hotA hai| kaSAya se sthiti aura anubhAga baMdha hotA hai- RjUsUtra naya kI dRSTi se| yoga saMsAra avasthA meM hotA hai| ayoga kevalI aura siddha bhagavAna yoga rahita haiN| isa prakAra jaina-darzana meM yoga zabda kA prayoga mana-vacana kAya kI kriyA rUpa meM kiyA jAtA hai jabaki anya darzanoM meM samASTi T-dhyAna ke artha meM isakA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| sUtrakAra ke anusAra 'mithyAdarzanAviratipramAdakaSAyayogAH bandha hetavaH'- mithyAdarzana, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga ye bandha ke kAraNa haiN| (8/1) jIva sakaSAya hone se karma yogya pudgaloM ko grahaNa karatA hai, yahI bandha hai (8/2) / yaha baMdha prakRti, sthiti, anubhava (anubhAga) aura pradeza ke. bheda se baMdha cAra prakAra kA hai (8/3) jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, vedanIya, mohanIya, Ayu, nAma, gotra aura antarAya, ye mUla prakRti bandha ke ATha bheda haiN(8/4)| .

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 ( 9 / 1 ) / 'sa 'AsravanirodhaH saMvaraH ' - Anava kA nirodha saMvara hai guptisamitidharmAnuprekSAparISahajayacAritra :- gupti samiti, dharma anuprekSA, parISahajaya aura cAritra se saMvara hotA hai ( 9 / 2 ) / 'tapasA nirjarA ca'- tapa ke dvArA nirjarA aura saMvara hotA hai ( 9 / 13 ) / 83 tapa kA svarUpa aura bheda 'karmakSayArtha tapyata iti tapaH' karmo kA kSaya karane ke liye tapA jAtA hai vaha tapa kahA jAtA hai- tatvArtharAjavArtika ( 9 / 6 / 17 ) / triratna ko prApta karane hetu icchA nirodha ko tapa kahate haiM (dhavalA 13/5-4-26/54-12) samasta rAgAdi para bhAvoM kI icchA ke tyAga dvArA svasvarUpa meM pratapana karanA - vijayana karanA tapa hai ( pravacana sAra gA. 14 TIkA) / jo AtmA ko AtmA meM AtmA se dhAraNa kara rakhatA hai vaha adhyAtma se tapa hai / isa prakAra icchAoM ke nirodha rUpa zuddhopayogIrUpI vItarAga bhAva hI saccA tapa hai / tapa ke do bheda haiM- bAhya tapa aura AbhyaMtara tapa / bAhya tapa bhI chaha prakAra kA hai- (1) anazana (2) avamaudarya ( 3 ) vRtti parisaMkhyAna ( 4 ) rasa parityAga ( 5 ) vivikta zayyAsana aura (6) kAya kleza isI prakAra AbhyaMtara tapa bhI chaha prakAra kA hai(1) prAyazcitta (2) vinaya ( 3 ) vaiyAvRtya (4) svAdhyAya (5) vyutsarga-tyAga aura ( 6 ) dhyAna / isa prakAra tapa bAraha prakAra ke hote haiM / tapa Atma darzana rUpa samyaktva sahita hote haiN| samyaktva binA karor3oM varSa taka ugra tapa tapane para bhI bodhi kI prapti nahIM hotI hai| ( darzanapAhur3a 5 mU. A. 100) ! isameM bAhya tapa sAdhana haiM aura AbhyaMtara tapa sAdhya hai / - bAhya tapa laukika sukha evaM maMtrasAdhanAdi dRSTa phala kI apekSA binA saMyama kI siddhi indriya viSaya sambandhI rAga ke uccheda, dhyAna kI siddhi aura

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anekAnta 59/3-4 Agama jJAna kI prApti hetu cAroM prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga karanA upavAsa (anazana) kahalAtA hai ( tatvArtharA. 9/19/1)! saMyama ko jAgRta karane ke liye, doSoM ko zAMta karane, santoSa, svAdhyAya evaM sukha kI siddhi ke liye avamaudarya hotA hai| tRpti ke liye paryApta bhojana meM se caturthAza yA do cAra grAsa kama khAnA avamodara hai aura usakA bhAva avamaudarya kahalAtA hai (9/19/3)! ekaghara, sAtaghara, ekagalI, arddhagrAma Adi ke viSaya meM bhojya padArtha Adi kA niyama kara lenA vRtti parisaMkhyAna tapa hai tAki AzA tRSNA kI nivRti ko (1/19/4)! jiteMdriyatva, tejovRddhi evaM saMyama meM bAdhA kI nivRtti hetu ghI, dUdha, dahI, gur3a, namaka tela Adi rasoM kA parityAga karanA rasaparityAga tapa kahalAtA hai (9/19/5) jantu bAdhA kA parihAra, brahmacarya, svAdhyAya aura dhyAna Adi kI siddhi hetu nirjana zUnyAgAra, giriguphA Adi ekAnta sthAnoM meM sonA-baiThanA vivikta (ekAnta) zayyAsana tapa kahalAtA hai (9/19/12)! aura deha ko kaSTa dene kI icchA viSayasukha kI anAsakti aura jinadharma kI prabhAvanA hetu aneka prakAra ke pratimAyoga dhAraNa karanA, mauna rakhanA, AtApana, vRkSamUla, sardI meM nadI taTa para dhyAna karanA Adi kAyakleza tapa hai. (9/19/13)! ye tapa dUsaroM ke dvArA pratyakSa jJeya hai| jinheM munirAja gRhastha evaM samyagyadRSTi mithyAdRSTi sabhI karate haiM, ataH bAhya tapa kahate haiN| AbhyaMtara (aMtaraMga) tapa __ prAyaH kA artha hai sAdhujana; citta, mana, jisameM sAdhujanoM kA citta lIna ho vaha prAyazcitta hai| ataH mana kI zuddhi karane vAle karma ko prayAzcitta kahate hai| pramAda athavA ajJAna se lage doSoM kI zuddhi karanA prAyazcitta hai (9/22/1)! jJAna lAbha, AcArazuddhi aura samyag ArAdhanA Adi kI siddhi vinaya tapa se hotI hai| vaha hai- jJAna vinaya, darzana vinaya, cAritra vinaya aura upacAra vinaya (9/26/1 evaM 8) / AcArya,

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anekAnta 59/3-4 upAdhyAya Adi para vyAdhi parISaha Adi kA, upadrava hone para una upadravoM kA 'prAsuka auSadhi, AhArapAna, Azraya, caukI, phalaka, ghAsa kI caTAI Adi dharmopakaraNa ke dvArA pratIkAra karanA tathA mithyAtva kI ora jAte hue ko samyaktva mArga meM dRr3ha karanA vaiyyAvRtya tapa he (9/24/15)! jaina dharma meM svAdhyAya ko parama tapa kahA hai svAdhyAyaHparamaM tapaH sva+Adhi+aya-svAdhyAya arthAt nija kA jJAna prApta honA hI svAdhyAya hai| vAcanA, pRcchanA (pUchanA) anuprekSA AmnAya(pATha) aura dharmopadeza, ye svAdhyAya ke paoNca bheda haiM / (9/25)! tyAga ko vyutsarga kahate haiN| bAhya aura AbhyaMtara upadhi kA tyAga vyutsarga tapa haiM (9/26)! dhyAna kA svarUpa citta ko anya vikalpoM se haTAkAra eka hI artha meM lagAne ko dhyAna kahate hai, yaha dhyAna uttama saMhanana vAle ke antarmuhUrta taka ho sakatA hai (9/27) / yaha prathama tIna saMhanana vAloM ko hI hotA hai| ekAgraciMtAnirodho dhyAnama' meM eka zabda saMkhyApada hai, agra mukhya vA lakSya yaha ekArthavAcI hai| ciMtA aMtaHkaraNa kA vyApAra hai| isa prakAra 'eka agraM' eka dravya-paramANu yA bhAva paramANu yA anya kisI artha meM cintA ko (cittavRti ko) niyamita karanA kendrita karanA, sthira karanA, ekAgraciMtA nirodha hai| jo AtmA ke dvArA dhyAyA jAtA hai, vaha dhyAna hai| aura dhyAti mAtra dhyAna hai bhAva sAdhana hai| ___ aMgati jAnAti jo jAnatA hai vaha 'agra' AtmA hai| isa dRSTi se AtmA meM cintA kA nirodha karanA dhyAna sarvotkRSTa tapa hai| zeSa saba tapa dhyAna kI avasthA meM hI hotA haiM dhyAna kI avasthA meM sarvajJatA kI prApti hotI hai| zeSa saba tapa dhyAna kI siddhi ke liye haiN| AcArya amitagati ke anusAra dhyAnaM vinirmalaM jJAnaM pusAM saMpadyate sthirama (yogasAra prAbhRta 9/12) arthAt jaba nirmalajJAna sthira ho jAtA

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 I ho taba vaha dhyAna ho jAtA hai| eka padArtha ko jAnate hue ciMtavana rUka jAnA (jJAna meM Thahara jAnA) hI dhyAna hai / AcArya rAmasiMha ke anusAra sthira mana aura sthira tAtvika zruta jJAna kA nAma bhI dhyAna hai ( tatvAnuzAsana, 68 ) jisa prakAra namaka jala meM vilIna ho jAtA hai usI prakAra citta zuddhAtmA meM vilIna ho jAve taba jIva samarasarUpa samAdhimaya ho jA jAtA hai (dohA pA. 207 ) ! 86 dhyAna ke bheda dhyAna ke cAra bheda haiM- Artta dhyAna, raudra dhyAna, dharmya dhyAna aura zukla dhyAna / Arta aura raudra dhyAna aprazasta dhyAna haiM / pApa ke kAraNa bhUta haiM aura dharma dhyAna aura zukladhyAna karma dahana karane kI sAmarthya se yukta hone ke kAraNa prazasta kahalAte haiM ye mokSa ke kAraNa haiM / dhyAna bhAva yA pariNAmoM kA anugamana karatA hai aura usI anusAra tanmayatA hotI hai / isa dRSTi se pariNAma tIna prakAra ke hote haiM zuddha vizuddha aura saMkleza pariNAma / AcArya kudakunda ke anusAra vItarAga cAritra rUpa dharma se pariNata AtmA svayaM dharmarUpa hotA hai| jaba vaha jIva zubha athavA azubha pariNAmoM rUpa pariNamatA hai taba svayaM zubha aura azubha aura hotA hai aura jaba zuddha rUpa pariNamana karatA hai taba svayaM zuddha hotA hai ( pravacanasAra gA. 8-9 ) ! ukta cAra dhyAnoM meM Arta aura raudra dhyAna saMkleza pariNAmoM se hotA hai dharmya aura zukla dhyAna kramazaH vizuddha pariNAmoM se hotA hai / isa prakAra dhyAna kA AdhAra pariNAma hai / aprazasta dhyAna : saMsAra bhramaNa kA kAraNa ArttadhyAna : RtamardanamArtirvAtatra bhavamArttam arthAt Rta, dukha aura ardana ko Arti kahate haiN| arti se hone vAlA dhyAna Artta dhyAna hai / yaha cAra prakAra kA hai- aniSTa padArthoM kA saMyoga, iSTa padArtho kA

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anekAnta 59/3-4 viyoga, roga janita vedanA aura AgAmI bhogAkAMkSA rUpa nidaan| inake nimitta se jo saMklezatApUrNa ciMtana dukha hotA hai vaha ArtadhyAna kahalAtA hai| yaha cAroM Arta-dhyAna kRSNa, nIla aura kApota lezyA ke vizeSa bala se hote haiN| ArtadhyAna ajJAna mUlaka kaTuphala dene vAlA, AsAtA vedanIya karma kA bandhaka aura tiryaMca gati meM le jAne vAlA hai| ArtadhyAna prathama guNasthAna se chaThaveM guNa sthAna arthAt pramattaguNa sthAna taka hotA hai| nidAna Arta dhyAna pramatta saMyata (chaThavAM) ko nahIM hotA raudra dhyAna : rudraH kramarastatkarma raudram arthAt rulAne vAle ko rudra yA krUra kahate haiM rudrabhAvoM se hone bAlA dhyAna raudra dhyAna hai| krUra AbhiprAya aura pariNAmoM se hone vAle raudra dhyAna ke cAra bheda haiMhiMsAnanda, mRSAnanda, cauryAnanda aura parigrahAnaMda raudrdhyaan| hiMsA, jhUTha corI kuzIla aura parigraha ke bhAva raudra dhyAna ke nimita se hote haiN| ataH hiMsAdi pA~ca bhAva raudradhyAna kI utpatti kA kAraNa hai| inakA phala naraka gati hai| ati saMkleza pariNAmoM se saptama naraka gati kA baMdha paDatA hai| raudra dhyAna dezavirata paMcamaguNasthAna taka hotA hai| pramata saMyata, chaThaveM guNa sthAnavartI munirAja ko ho jAve to muni pada bhaMga ho jAtA hai| agni se tapta lohapiMDa jisa prakAra cAroM ora se jala apanI ora khIMcatA hai usI prakAra Arta raudra dhyAnI AtmA cAroM ora se karma rUpI jala khIMcakara niraMtara kArmaNa vargaNAoM ko grahaNa kara karma baMdha karatA hai| isa kAraNa aprazasta dhyAna saMsAra dukha kA kAraNa hai, azabharUpa hai ataH inase nivRtti lekara svAzrita zubha aura zuddha meM pravRtti iSTa hai| prazasta dhyAna mokSa kA kAraNa : bheda-vijJAna se zuddhatmA ko upalabdhi hotI hai aura zuddhAtmA kI

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 upalabdhi se karmo kA Agamana rukatA saMvara hotA hai zuddhopayoga rUpa r Atma dhyAna se kamo kI nirjarA hotI hai| Agamika dRSTi se karmo kA saMvara aura nirjarA hotI hai / yahI mokSa kA kAraNa hai| prazastadhyAna do prakAra kA hai- dharmyadhyAna aura zukladhyAna / sUtrakAra ke anusAra gupti samiti, dharma anupekSA pariSahajaya aura cAritra se saMvara hotA hai ( tatvA. 9 / 2 ) ! tapa ke dvArA nirjarA aura saMvara hotA hai ( tatvA. 9 / 3 ) yaha samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak caritra kI ekatA pUrvaka hI hotA hai / 88 paramparAmokSa kA kAraNa dharma dhyAna 'dharmAdanapetaM dharmyam' arthAta dharma se yukta dhyAna dharmya dhyAna hai / 'vatthu sahAvo dhammo' ke anusAra vastu kA svabhAva hI dharma hai aura usakA dhyAna dharmya dhyAna he| isa dRSTi se vastu svarUpa se yukta jo jJAna hai, use dharma dhyAna kahate hai / triratna ko dharma kahate haiM ataH usa dharma se yukta jo ciMtana hai vaha dharmya dhyAna hai / moha evaM kSobha se rahita jo AtmA kA pariNAma hai, vaha dharma hai| isa dharma se utpanna jo dhyAna he vaha dharmya dhyAna hai uttama kSamAdi daza prakAra kA dharma kahA hai, usase sampanna hone vAlA jo dhyAna he vaha dharmya dhyAna hai / dharmya dhyAna cAra prakAra kA hai- 1. AjJAvicaya- vItarAga bhagavAna dvArA kahe Agama ke abhyAsa se padArtho kA nizcaya karanA 2. apAya vicaya mithyAtvAdi / kudevAdika ke sena se bacane ke upAya kA ciMtana karanA 3. vipAka vicaya- karmodaya janma zubha azubha bhAvoM se bhinna jJAyaka AtmA kA ciMtana karanA tathA 4. saMsthAna vicaya chaha dravyoM evaM tIna loka kA ciMtana karanA / viSaya kI dRSTi se dharma dhyAna piNDastha, parastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta ke rUpa meM bhI vargIkRta kiyA gayA haiM jisakA varNana jJAnArNava meM kiyA hai| samasta parigraha ke tyAga, kaSAyoM ke damana, vratoM ke dhAraNa tathA mana aura indriyoM kI vijaya pUrvaka dhyAna hone se, yaha saba dhyAna kI sAmagrI

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 kahI gayI hai / (tatvAnuzAsana zloka 95 ) / indriyoM ko jItane meM mana samartha hai, ataH mana ko hI jJAna-vairAgya bhAvapUrvaka apane vaza meM karanA cAhiye / manoyoga pUrvaka namaskAra maMtra evaM svAdhyAya se dhyAna kA abhyAsa hotA hai aura dhyAna se svAdhyAya meM zuddhi hotI hai jisase paramAtmA prakAzita hotA hai / ( tatvA. 80-81 ) 89 dharmya dhyAna ke do bheda haiM - nizcaya dharma dhyAna aura vyavahAra dharma dhyAna / anaMtAnubaMdhI pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa, pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya aura pramAda ke abhAva meM nizcaya dharmya dhyAna kramazaH cauthe se sAtaveM guNasthAna taka ke bhavya jIvoM ko hotA hai / vyavahAra dharma dhyAna abhavya mithyAdRSTi bhI karatA hai / isa prakAra dharmadhyAna ke pramukha adhikArI apramata saMyata ( 9vaoN guNasthAna) aura gauNa rUpa se pramatta saMyata (chaThavA~ guNa sthAna ) ke bhavya jIva haiM / yaha asaMyata samyagdRSTi aura saMyatAsaMyata guNasthAnoM ke jIvoM ko bhI darzana pUrvaka hotA hai| dhyAtA kI dRSTi se yaha tIna prakAra kA hai- jaghanya, madhyama aura utkRSTa / dhyAna ke phala kI siddhi lezyA ( Atma pariNAmoM) kI vizuddhi ke anusAra kahI gayI hai| zubhopayoga rUpa dharmya dhyAna svarga sukha aura paramparA se mokSa kA kAraNa hai / AcArya kundakuda ke anusAra bharatakSetra meM paMcama kAla meM Atma dhyAna meM sthita muniyoM ko dharma dhyAna hotA hai (mokSa pA. 76 ) astu munirAjoM ko zakti anusAra yathAkhyAta cAritra se atirikta cAritroM kA AcaraNa karanA cAhiye ( tatvAnuzAsana, 86 ) / vRkSa, koTara, jIrNa udyAna, zmazAna, guphA, siddhakUTa, jinAlaya, kolAhala rahita sthala gRha Adi meM dhyAna karanA caahiye| siddhakSetra mahAtIrtha Adi meM dhyAna kI siddhi hotI hai| kASThaphalaka, zilA yA bhUmipara paryaka arddhaparyaMka, vajrAsana, vIrAsana, sukhAsana, kamalAsana athavA kAyotsarga se sthita hokara pUrva yA uttara dizA meM bhAvapUrvaka dhyAna karanA cAhiye / rAga dveSa moha vihIna samatA bhAva se kiyA gayA dharma dhyAna zreSTha hotA hai /

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anekAnta 59/3-4 ____ 2. sAkSAt karma kSaya kA hetu zukladhyAna :- 'zuci guNayogAcchuklam' arthAt zuci guNa ke yoga se zukla hotA haiN| ___- karma kSaya evaM atIndriya sukha kI prApti hetu yogI munirAja dharma dhyAna ko chor3akara Atyantika zuddhi kA Azraya lekara atizaya nirmala zukla dhyAna ko prArambha karate hai| yaha bajravRrSabhanArAca saMhanana yukta hotA hai| jo citta kriyA se rahita, indriyoM se atIta aura dhyAna-dhAraNa se vihIna hokara antarmukhI ho jAtA hai- samasta saMkalpa-vikalpoM se rahita hokara AtmasvarUpa meM lIna ho jAtA hai- use zukla dhyAna kahate haiN| yaha dhyAna nirmalatA tathA kaSAyoM ke kSaya yA upazama ho jAne ke kAraNa vaiDUryamaNi ke samAna atizaya nirmala va sthira hone ke kAraNa zukla dhyAna kahA gayA hai, jo sAtaveM guNasthAna se Upara ke guNasthAnoM meM hotA hai aura zuddhopayoga rUpa hai| zukla dhyAna bhI cAra prakAra kA hotA hai 1. pRthaktva avitarka savicAra (pRthaktvavitaka) 2. ekatva avitarka avicAra (ekatvavitaka) 3. sUkSma kriyA pratipAtI aura 4. vyuparata kriyA nivrti| prathama do zukla dhyAna chadma yogiyoM arthAt kramazaH upazAMta mohI aura kSINa mohI ke tathA aMta ke do zukla dhyAna aThAraha doSa rahita kevalajJAniyoM ke hote haiN| ina cAra zukla dhyAnoM meM prathama dhyAna mana, vacana aura kAya ina tIna yoga vAloM ke dUsarA tIna yogoM meM se kisI eka yogavAle ke tIsarA kAya yoga vAloM ke cauthA yoga se rahita kevaliyoM ke hotA hai| pUrva ke do zukladhyAna zruta jJAna ke, viSaya ke sambandha se zruta ke Azraya se hote haiN| vitarka zrutajJAna rUpa hai| aura vIcAra artha vyajana aura yogoM kI saMkrA~ti-parirvana kA sUcaka hai| aMta ke do dhyAna jinendra deva ke saba prakAra ke Alambana se rahita hote haiN| pRthaktva vitarka zukladhyAna meM yogI ekAgra citta ho kara eka artha se dUsare artha kA eka vacana se dUsare vacana kA, eka yoga se dUsare yoga kA tathA eka paryAya se dUsarI paryAya kA AlaMbana letA huA eka dravya

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anekAnta 59/3-4 paramANu se anya dravya paramANu kA cintana karatA haA mahAkarma kA upazama yA kSaya karatA hai| isa prakAra moha kSINa eMva kaSAyeM zAMta hone para nirmala mana yukta yogI ekatva vitarka dhyAna yogya ho jAtA hai| jisa zukla dhyAna meM yogI binA kheda ke eka dravya, eka paramANu aura eka paryAya kA eka hI yoga ke dvArA cintana karanA hai, vaha ekatva vitarka zukla dhyAna kahalAtA hai| isa atizaya nirmala dhyAna rUpa agni ke vRddhiMgata hone para yogI ke ghAtiyA karma kSaNa bhara meM bhasma ho jAte haiM aura yogI terahaveM guNa sthAna sayoga kevalI ho jAtA haiN| usakA kevala jJAna sUrya udita hokara lokAloka ko prakAzita karane lagatA hai| isa prakAra zuddhopayoga rUpa parama Atma dhyAna se cAra ghAtiyA karmoM kI sarva seMtAlIsa Ayukarma kI tIna evaM nAma karma kI teraha, kula tiresaTha karma prakRtiyoM kA kSaya kara tIrthakara /kevalI ke rUpa meM triloka pUjya ho jAte sarvajJa prabhu aMtarmuhUrta Ayu zeSa rahane para tRtIya- sUkSmakriyA pratipAtI zukla dhyAna ke yogya hote haiM aura ve vedanIya nAma aura gotra kI sthiti bhI aMtaramuhUrta rahane para sUkSya kAya yoga kA avalambana lekara sUkSmakriyA pratipAtI dhyAna prArambha karate haiN| isase cAra adhAtiyA karmoM kI sthiti samAna ho jAtI hai| isase ayoga kavalI durjaya bahattara karma prakRtiyA~ kSaya ko prApta hotI hai| phira usI kSaNa vyuparata kriyA nivRtti nAmaka zukla dhyAna prakaTa hotA haiM jisase vItarAgI prabhu kI avazeSa teraha karma prakRtiyA~ zIghra hI kSaya ko prApta ho jAtI haiM aura ayoga prabhu AtmA svarUpa kI siddhi ko prApta kara caudahaveM guNa sthAna meM pA~ca (a i u R la) hrasva akSaroM ke uccAraNa kAla pramANa sthita rahakara karma badhaM se mukta ho siddhAlaya hetu svabhAvataH Urdhvagamana karate haiN| prazasta dhyAna kI mahattA ukta vivecana se yaha spaSTa hai ki yadyapi AbhyaMtara aura bAhya tapa

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anekAnta 59/3-4 chaha chaha prakAra ke hai; kintu karmakSaya aMtataH AtmadhyAna evaM zukla dhyAna se hI hotA hai| AcArya kuMdakuMda ke anusAra jo karma ajJAnI lakSa koTi bhavoM meM khapAtA hai vaha karma jJAnI tIna prakAra se gupta (trigupti) hone se ucchvAsa mAtra meM khapA detA hai (pra.sAra gA.238) AcArya yati vRSabha ke anusAra jisa prakAra cira saMcita Idhana ko pavana yukta agni jalA detI hai, vaise hI dhyAna rUpI agni bahuta bhArI karma Idhana ko kSaNa mAtra meM jalA detI hai (tiloya paNNati 22) / rAgAdi parigraha se rahita muni zukla dhyAna dvArA aneka bhavoM ke saMcita karmo ko zIghra jalA detA hai (tiloya. 64) jo darzana moha aura cAritra moha ko naSTa kara viSayoM se virakta hotA huA mana ko rokakara Atma svabhAva meM sthita hotA hai, vaha karma baMdha toDakara mokSa sukha pAtA hai (tiloya. 23/48) / isa dRSTi se Atma dhyAna evaM zuddhopayoga rUpa zukla dhyAna karmakSaya kI acUka oSadhi hai jisameM dharma dhyAna zubhopayoga rUpa sAdhaka kA kArya karatA hai| aisI pavitra dhyAna AtmadhyAna sabhI ko iSTa ho yahI kAmanA hai| samagra rUpa se vizva kI sabhI jIvAtmAyeM apanA jJAtAdRSTA akartA-abhottA nirmamatva svarUpa samajha kara sva-svarUpa meM apanatva sthApita kara tathA sva-svarUpa ke zuddha-dhyAna (zuddhopayoga rUpa) meM sthita-lIna hokara svayaM apane hI puruSArtha se binA kisI para kI apekSA kiye huye, vikAra, vibhAvoM evaM jar3a karmabandhanoM se mukta hokara siddha paramAtmA ho sakatI hai| yaha saba Atma-dhyAna kA hI phala hai| bI 369, o.pI.ema. kAlonI amaMlAI peparamila amalAI zahaDola (ma.pra.)

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jaina sAhitya aura purAtattva ke pariprekSya meM saptama tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha kA jIvana carita evaM paJca kalyANaka bhUmiyA~ DaoN. kamaleza kumAra jaina yastIrthaM svArthasampannaH parArthamudapAdayat / saptamaM tu namastasmai supAzarvAya kRtAtmane / / vartamAna avasarpiNI kAla ke caubIsa tIrthaGkaroMmeM sAtaveM tIrthaGkara bhagavAn supArzvanAtha kA janma kAzI janapada meM huA thA / tadanantara kramazaH AThaveM tIrthaGkara bhagavAn candraprabha, gyArahaveM tIrthaGkara zreyAMsanAtha aura teisaveM tIrthaGkara bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kA janma bhI isI kAzI janapada meM huA / uparyukta cAra tIrthaGkaroM meM se bhagavAn supArzvanAtha aura bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke nAma meM ekadeza sAmya hai / kintu bhagavAn supArzvanAtha kA cihna nandyAvarta svastika hai aura bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kA cihna sarpa (nAga) hai / ataH donoM tIrthaGkara pRthak-pRthak haiM, eka nahIM ! kAla kI apekSA tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha paravartI haiM aura jana-jana kI zraddhA se jur3e haiM tathA tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha pUrvavartI haiM aura upakAraka hone se yadyapi ve jana-jIvana se jur3e haiM tathApi kAla kI apekSA paryApta pUrvavartI hone se donoM ke madhya eka lambA antarAla hai| ina sabake bAvajUda nAmasAmya ke kAraNa sAmAnya logoM meM donoM tIrthaGkara itane ghulamila gaye ki tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha kA jana-jIvana se nikaTa kA sambandha hone ke kAraNa unakA cihna sarpa (nAga) tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha ke sAtha bhI jur3a gayA / phalasvarUpa tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha ke Upara kamaThakRta upasarga kA nivAraNa karate huye padmAvatI aura dharaNendra meM se Upara phaNAvalI ke mAdhyama se tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha kI rakSA karane vAle dharaNendra kI phaNAvalI

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anekAnta 59/3-4 tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha se bhI jur3a gaI aura tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha kI mUrtiyoM kI pratIka phaNAvalI tIrthakara supArzvanAtha kI mUrtiyoM kA bhI eka aGga bana gii| ataH tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha kI aneka mUrtiyoM para Aja bhI yaha phaNAvalI dekhI jA sakatI hai| prAyaH aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha kI mUrtiyoM para saptaphaNoM se yukta phaNAvalI hotI hai aura tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha kI mUrtiyoM para paJcaphaNoM se yukta phnnaavlii| kintu tathya kucha aura hI hai| kyoMki tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha kI mUrtiyoM para sapta-phaNAvalI se lekara sahasra-phaNAvalI taka pAI jAtI hai, jabaki tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha kI mUrtiyoM para paJca aura sapta-phaNoM se yukta phaNAvalI zravaNabelagolastha candragiri para virAjamAna tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha kI mUrti para sapta-phaNAvalI suzobhita hai| isa phaNAvalI kI sAmyatA ke bAvajUda kAla kI apekSA tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha pUrvavartI arthAt bar3e haiM aura tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha paravartI arthAt choTe haiN| isIliye kAzI aura usake AsapAsa ke kSetroM meM Aja bhI ye kramazaH bar3e guru aura choTe guru ke pratIka haiN| vaidika paramparA meM nAga kA sambandha yogirAja zrIkRSNa se jur3A hai, kyoMki unhoMne yamunA nadI vAsI kAliyA nAga kA mAna mardana kiyA thaa| vaidika saMskRti se jur3e yogirAja zrIkRSNa ke janma kAla janmASTamI evaM vaidika saMskRti meM hI nAga paJcamI ke dina nAga pUjA hone ke kAraNa bhI vaidika saMskRti se nAga kA nikaTa kA sambandha hai| isa prakAra zramaNa aura vaidika- donoM saMskRtiyoM se nAga kA gaharA sambandha hai| ataH nAgapaJcamI aura yogirAja zrIkRSNa ke janmakAla janmASTamI ke avasara para kAzI aura usake AsapAsa ke kSetroM kI galiyoM meM Aja bhI bacce nAga kA citra becane ke liye jora-jora se AvAja lagAte haiM ki bar3e garu kA nAga lo bhAI bar3e guru kA nAga lo| choTe guru kA nAga lo bhAI choTe guru kA nAga lo| isa prakAra loka-jIvana meM nAga ke citroM ko becane kI jo prakriyA

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anekAnta 59/3-4 hai usakA mUla sambandha bar3e guru tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha aura choTe guru tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha kI paramparA se jur3A hai aura jaina saMskRti meM pratIka rUpa meM Aja bhI vidyamAna hai| isa prakAra loka jIvana para vyApaka prabhAva DAlane vAle tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha ke pUrvabhava ke sambandha meM zAstroM meM ullekha milatA hai ki dhAtakI khaNDa ke pUrva videha kSetra meM meM sItA nadI ke uttara taTa para sukaccha nAma kA eka deza hai| usake kSemapura nAmaka nagara meM nandiSeNa nAma kA eka rAjA rAjya karatA thaa| vaha anyanta catura aura parAkramI thaa| usane apane bandhuoM, mitroM tathA sevakoM ke sAtha bahuta samaya taka rAjya sukha kA anubhava kiyA, kintu use vairAgya ho gyaa| ataH usane dhanapati nAmaka apane putra ko rAjya kA bhAra sauMpa diyA aura anya aneka rAjAoM ke sAtha munizrI arhannandana ke pAsa jainezvarI dIkSA grahaNa kara lii| punaH SoDaza kAraNa bhAvanAoM ko bhAte huye usa rAjA ne tIrthaGkara nAmakarma kA bandha kiyaa| AyuSyakarma ke samApta hone para saMnyAsa pUrvaka maraNa karane ke kAraNa usane madhyama graiveyaka ke subhadra nAmaka madhyama vimAna meM ahabhindra ke rUpa meM janma liyaa| vahA~ vaha zukla lezyA kA dhAraka thaa| usakI U~cAI do hAtha aura Ayu sattAisa sAgara thii| isa avadhi meM svarga ke samasta sukha bhogakara anta meM jaba pRthvI tala para avatIrNa hone kA samaya AyA to ve vArANasI ke adhipati ikSvAkukulaziromaNi mahArAjA supratiSThita kI mahArAnI mAtA pRthivI senA kI kukSi (gabha) meM bhAdrapada zuklA SaSThI ko Aye aura jyeSTha zuklA dvAdazI ke dina vizAkhA nakSatra meM SaSTha tIrthaGkara bhagagavAn padmaprabha ke janma ke dasa lAkha pUrva sahita nau hajAra karor3a sAgaropama ke vyatIta ho jAne para unakA janma huaa| nIla varNa se suzobhita tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha kI Ayu caurAsI lAkha pUrva aura U~cAI do sau dhanuSa thii| unakA -rAjyakAla bIsa pUrvAGga sahita caudaha lAkha pUrva pramANa thaa| unheM jaba vana lakSmI kA vinAza dekhakara

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 vairAgya utpanna huA to ve jyeSTha zuklA dvAdazI ke dina pUrvAhna meM vizAkhA nakSatra meM manomati nAma kI pAlakI meM ArUDha hokara sahetuka vana gaye aura tRtIya upavAsa ke sAtha kAzI meM jainezvarI dIkSA grahaNa kara lii| Apake sAtha eka hajAra rAjakumAroM ne bhI dIkSA grahaNa kI thI / dIkSita hone ke pazcAt ve caryA ke liye sarvaprathama sAmakheTa nAmaka nagara gaye / ve chadmastha avasthA meM nau varSa taka mauna rhe| kucha samaya pazcAt phAlguna kRSNA SaSThI ko unheM kevala jJAna kI prApti huI / 96 kevalI avasthA meM ve bala Adi paccAnave gaNadharoM se ghire rahate the tathA do hajAra tIsa pUrvadhAriyoM ke adhipati the| do lAkha cabAlIsa hajAra nau sau bIsa zikSaka unake sAtha rahate the| nau hajAra avadhijJAnI unakI sevA karate the / gyAraha hajAra kevalajJAnI unake sahagAmI the / pandraha hajAra tIna sau vikriyARddhi ke dhAraka unakI pUjA karate the| nau hajAra eka sau pacAsa mana:paryayajJAnI unake sAtha rahate the / aura ATha hajAra chaha sau vAdI unakI vandanA karate the isa prakAra saba milAkara ve tIna lAkha muniyoM ke svAmI the / mInAryA Adi tIna lAkha zrAvaka aura pA~ca lAkha zrAvikAe~ unakI pUjA karatI thiiN| isa prakAra ve vihAra karate huye unhoMne eka lAkha pUrva 20 pUrvAGga 9 varSa taka dharmatIrtha kA pravartana kiyA / " jaba Ayu eka mAha zeSa raha gayA taba tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha zrIvihAra bandakara sammeda zikhara phueNce| vahA~ eka hajAra muniyoM ke sAtha pratimA yoga dhAraNa kiyA aura phAlguna kRSNA saptamI ke dina vizAkhA nakSatra meM sUryodaya ke samaya prabhAsa kUTa se mukti prApta kI / tatpazcAt puNyavAn kalpavAsI uttama devoM ne tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha kA mokSa kalyANaka manAyA / ' mokSagamana ke pazcAt tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha kI nirvANa sthalI prabhAsa kUTa se 49 kor3Akor3I, 84 karor3a, 72 lAkha 7 hajAra 742 munirAjoM ne kSapakazreNI kA avalambana lekara ghAtiyA karmoM kA bhI kSaya kara prabhAsa kUTa se nirvANa prApta kiyA /

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 prabhAsa kUTa kI vandanA karane se bhavya jIvoM ko 32 karor3a proSadhopavAsa se prApta hone vAle phala kI prApti hotI hai / " 97 tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha se eka hajAra karor3a sAgaropama meM se 41943 hajAra aura sAr3he ATha mAha kama kara dene para jitanA samaya zeSa rahatA hai utane samaya pUrva tIrthakara supArzvanAtha kA nirvANa huA thA | 10 tIrthaGkara supArzva viSayaka sAhitya : bhagavAn supArzvanAtha ke sandarbha meM samprati tIna prakAra kA sAhitya upalabdha haiM- kAvya sAhitya, 2. stuti sAhitya aura pUjA sAhitya / prathama kAvya sAhitya bhagavAn ke pUrvabhava sahita sampUrNa jIvana-carita para prakAza DAlatA hai| dvitIya stuti - sAhitya meM bhagavAn supArzvanAtha kI stuti kI gaI hai aura tRtIya pUjA sAhitya meM bhagavAn supArzvanAtha ke katipaya guNoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isake atirikta kucha sphuTa racanAe~ bhI hai, jinameM caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM ko namaskAra karane ke krama meM saptama tIrthaGkara bhagavAn supArzvanAtha ko bhI namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| vistRta vivecana isa prakAra hai kAvya sAhitya : jinaratna koza meM supArzva carita ke nAma se sambaddha tIna carita - kAvyoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / " supAsanAhacariya- vikrama kI bArahavIM zatI ke anta ( vi.saM. 1199 ) meM harSapurIya gaccha ke zrI hemacandrasUri ke ziSya zrI lakSmaNagaNi dvArA prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha supAsanAhacariya eka atyanta mahattvapUrNa evaM uccakoTi kI racanA hai| isameM lagabhaga ATha hajAra gAthAoM meM saptama tIrthaGkara bhagavAn supArzvanAtha kA carita vistAra se diyA gayA hai| yaha grantha tIna prastAvoM meM vibhakta hai| isake prathama prastAva meM supArzvanAtha ke pUrvabhavoM kA varNana hai aura

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anekAnta 59/3-4 zeSa bhAga meM unake vartamAna kAlIna bhava kaa| prathama prastAva meM supArzvanAtha ke manuSya eva devabhavoM kA vistRta vivecana hai, jisameM lakSmarAgaNi ne batalAyA hai ki kisa prakAra aneka bhavoM meM samyaktva evaM saMyama ke prabhAva se apane vyaktitva kA vikAsa kiyA yA aura anta meM tIrthaGkara prakRti kA bandhakara saptama tIrthaGkara kA pada prApta kiyA thaa| dvitIya prastAva meM tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha ke janma, vivAha aura niSkramaNa Adi kA varNana hai| isa prakAra isameM vividha dharmopadezoM aura kathAoM ke mAdhyama se bhagavAn supArzvanAtha kA caritra-citraNa kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI samyagdarzana kA mAhAtmya, zrAvaka ke bAraha vrata aura unake aticAra tathA anya dhArmika viSayoM ko bhI vividha kathAoM ke mAdhyama se prastuta kiyA hai| ina kathAoM meM tatkAlIna buddhi-vaibhava, kalA-kauzala, AcAra-vyavahAra, sAmAjika rIti-rivAjoM, rAjakIya paristhitiyoM evaM naitika-jIvana ko unnata banAne vAle vividha prasaMgoM para prakAza DAlA hai|12 anya supArzvanAtha caritra- uparyukta ke atirikta jAlihara gaccha ke sarvAnanda ke praziSya evaM dharmaghoSasUri ke ziSya tathA paTTadhara zrI devasUri (vikrama kI terahavI zatAbdI) ke dvArA bhI prAkRta bhASA meM racita eka supArzvanAthacarita kA ullekha milatA hai| isI krama meM vibudhAcArya dvArA prAkRta bhASA meM racita eka supArzvacaritra kA ullekha hai| inake atirikta eka ajJAtakartRka supArzvanAthacaritra tathA saMskRta bhASA meM nibaddha eka anya supArzvanAthacaritra kA bhI ullekha hai| stotra-sAhitya : svayaMbhU stotra- yaha AcArya samantabhadra kI racanA hai| isameM unhoMne RSabhAdi se lekara mahAvIra paryanta kula caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM kI stuti kI hai| sAtaveM krama meM bhagavAn supArzvanAtha kI kula pA~ca padyoM meM stuti kI

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anekAnta 59/3-4 hai, jinameM kahA gayA hai ki-avinAzI svarUpa meM lIna honA jIva kA prayojana hai, kSaNabhaMgura bhogoM meM nhii| bhogAkAMkSA se tApa kI zAnti nahIM hotI hai| jisa prakAra gatizIla manuSya ke dvArA calAyA jAne vAlA yantra gati rahita hotA hai, usI prakAra jIva ke dvArA dhAraNa kiyA gayA zarIra gati rahita hai| yaha zarIra durgandha yukta evaM vinAzazIla hai, ataH isase anurAga karanA ucita nahIM hai| azubha karmoM ke phalasvarUpa bhavitavyatA ko koI TAla nahIM sakatA hai| ahaGkAra ke vazIbhUta saMsArI prANI aneka kAraNoM ko milAkara bhI sukha-duHkhAdi kAryoM ko karane meM asamartha hai| jIva mRtyu se DaratA hai, kintu usase chuTakArA nahIM hai| vyakti mokSa cAhatA hai, kintu usakI prApti nahIM hotI hai| phira bhI bhaya aura kAma ke vazIbhUta huA ajJAnI jIva vyartha duHkhI hotA hai| he supArzvanAtha bhagavAna Apa sabhI tattvoM ke jJAtA haiM aura mAtA kI taraha ajJAniyoM ke hitasAdhaka haiN| samyagdarzanAdi guNoM ke anveSaka janoM ke Apa netA haiN| ataH Aja maiM bhI bhaktipUrvaka ApakI vandanA karatA huuN| stutividyA- isakA aparanAma jinazataka bhI hai| yaha AcArya samantabhadra kI kRti hai| isameM unhoMne RSabhAdi caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM kI stuti alaMkRta bhASA meM kI hai| sAtaveM krama meM tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha kI mAtra eka padya meM stuti kI hai| isameM ve kahate haiM ki he supArzvanAtha bhagavan! Apa stuti karane vAle aura nindA karane vAle ke viSaya meM samAna haiN| sabako pavitra karane vAle haiN| Apa akele hote huye bhI netA kI taraha sabake dvArA sevanIya haiM stuvAne kopane caiva samAno panna paavkH| bhavAnekopi neteva tvamAzreyaH supaarshvkH|| laghutattvasphoTa- isakA apara nAma zaktimaNita koza bhI hai| yaha AcArya amRtacandrasUri dvArA likhita eka stutiparaka grantha hai| isameM AcAryazrI ne vividha paccIsa viSayoM kA paccIsa-paccIsa padyoM meM vivecana kiyA hai| prathama paJcaviMzatikA meM samuccaya rUpa se caubIsa tIrthaGkara kI stuti kI gaI hai| punaH AcArya amRtacandrasUri ne tIrthaGkaroM

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1000 anekAnta 59/3-4 ko lakSya meM rakhakara stuti ke bahAne adhyAtmarasa kI varSA karate huye dArzanika viSayoM kA vivecana diyA hai| ye sabhI stutiyA~ sAmAnya haiM kisI tIrthaGkara vizeSa se sambaddha na hokara mAtra jJAnajyoti se sambaddha isa grantha meM AThavIM stuti upajAti chanda meM hai| isameM Apane spaSTa kiyA hai ki kaSAya bandha kA kAraNa hai| isalie Apane kaSAya-kSaya ko hI mukti kA kAraNa mAnA hai| Age ve kahate haiM ki- he bhagavan ! Apane apanI zakti kA uttarottara vikAsa karate huye kaSAyoM ke Upara aisA prahAra kiyA hai ki sabhI kaSAyeM svataH naSTa ho gaI aura kevalajJAna prakaTa ho gyaa| jJAnapuJja hone ke pazcAt AyuSya karma ke zeSa rahane ke kAraNa Apa use bhogane ke liye vivaza ho gaye, ataH Apane dharmatIrtha kA pravartana kiyaa| ___ AcArya amRtacandra Age kahate haiM ki tIrtha se tIrthaGkara aura tIrthaGkara se tIrtha kA pravartana hone ke kAraNa Apa bIjAGkara nyAya se kAryakAraNa bhAva rUpa haiN| sarvajJa hokara bhI zabdoM kI azakti ke kAraNa Apane samasta padArtho kA anantavA~ bhAga hI kahA hai| Apake zabda syAdvAdarUpa mudrA se yukta haiN| sApekSa dRSTi se vizva ekarUpa bhI hai aura aneka rUpa bhI hai| jisa prakAra payorasajJa bilAva agni se tapta dugdha ko pIte huye mahAduHkha ke bhAra ko sukha rUpa samajhatA hai, usI prakAra samatArUpa rasa ke jJAtA muniyoM ko mahAdaHkharUpa bhAra sukharUpa hI pratIta hotA hai| zabdarUpa brahma Apake kevala jJAna rUpa maNDapa ke eka kone kA cumbana karatA huA pratIta hotA hai, ataH loka meM Apa hI eka parama brahma haiN| zrI caturviMzati sandhAna mahAkAvya- yaha kRti mahAkavi paNDita jagannAtha (vi.saM. 1729 ke AsapAsa) kI hai| isameM saMskRta bhASA meM nibaddha eka mAtra padya hai| jo paccIsa bAra likhA gayA hai| isameM caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM kI stuti kI gaI hai| isakI vizeSatA yaha hai ki isa eka padya ke hI bhinna-bhinna artha karane para kula paccIsa artha nikalate haiN| prathama artha meM samuccaya rUpa se caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM kI stuti rUpa artha nikalatA

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anekAnta 59/3-4 __101 hai| tadanantara RSabhAdi se lekara mahAvIra paryanta kramazaH pratyeka tIrthaGkara kA stuti paraka artha nikalatA hai| sAtaveM krama meM usI eka padya kA artha mahAkavi jagannAtha ne apanI svopajJa TIkA meM bhagavAn supArzvanAtha kA stutiparaka artha nikAlA hai| sragdharA chanda meM likhA gayA vaha padya isa prakAra haizreyAn zrIvAsupUjyo, vRSabhajinapatiH shriidumaavoydhrmoN| haryataHpuSpadanto, munisuvratajino'nantavAka shriisupaavH| zAnti padmaprabhoro, vimalavibhurasau vardhamAno'pyajAto, mallirneminamimA sumatiravatu scchiijgnnaathdhiirm||7||16k supArzvanAtha stotra- jinaratanakoza meM saMskRta bhASA meM racita eka supArzvanAtha stotra kA ullekha hai|6kh caubIsI- terApaMtha ke caturtha AcArya zrImajjayAcArya ne vi.sa. 1900 meM rAjasthAnI bhASA meM eka caubIsI kI racanA kI thii| yaha racanA atyanta bhAvapUrNa hai| imameM unhoMne RSabhAdi caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM kI stuti kI hai| 17 padyoM kI prastAvanA ke sAtha pratyeka tIrthaGkara kI stuti sAta-sAta padyoM meM hai| sAtaveM krama meM zrImajjayAcArya bhagavAna supArzvanAtha kI stuti karate huye kahate haiM ki- pratidina supArzva svAmI kA bhajana kre| deva aura manuSya apakI sevA karate haiN| Apake pratibodhana se loga udAsIna ho jAte haiN| cakravartI kI khIra aura kSIra samudra kA nIra - donoM atyadhika madhura hote haiM, kintu ApakI vANI meM usase bhI adhika miThAsa hai| he prbho| tuma dIna dayAla ho aura azaraNoM ke zaraNa ho| maiM tumhArA dAsa huuN| tuma merI abhilASA pUrNa kro|" pUjA sahitya : pUjA ke mAdhyama se vyakti apanI bhAvanAoM ko vaise hI vyakta karatA hai jaise stotra athavA stuti ke mAdhyama se karatA hai| antara mAtra itanA hai ki pUjA ke sAtha dravya bhI samarpaNa kiyA jAtA hai| aura

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 kabhI-kabhI nRtya evaM saGgIta kA bhI samAyojana kiyA jAtA hai| pUjA ekAkI bhI kI jAtI hai aura sAmUhika rUpa meM bhI / 1 102 bhagavAn supArzvanAtha pUjA kI racanA bhI isI uddezya kI pUrti karatI hai / samprati kavivara bakhtAvara, kavivara vRndAvana evaM zrI rAjamala pavaiyA ne pUjA ke mAdhyama se bhagavAn supArzvanAtha kA guNagAna karate huye apanI zraddhA-bhakti pradarzita kI hai / 18 guru graha kI zAnti ke liye jina tIrthaGkaroM kI jApya kA vidhAna hai unameM tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha ke jApya karane kA bhI ullekha hai / 19 purAtatva meM supArzvanAtha : tIrthakara supArzvanAtha ke sambandha meM jo purAtAtvika sAkSya mile haiM, unameM mathurA ke sambandha kA kaGkAlI TIlA pramukha hai aura prAyaH isI ko AdhAra banAkara aneka vidvAnoM ne apane apane granthoM meM isakA ullekha kiyA hai| isI ko AdhAra banAkara paM. balabhadra jaina ne likhA hai ki" mathurA ke kaGkAlI TIle para eka stUpa ke dhvaMsAvazeSa prApta huye haiM / AcArya jinaprabhasri ne isa stUpa ke sambandha meM vividhatIrthakalpa meM likhA hai kI isa stUpa ko kuberAdevI ne supArzvanAtha ke kAla meM sone kA banAyA thA aura usa para supArzvanAtha kI mUrti sthApita kI thI / phira pArzvanAtha ke kAla meM use IToM se Dhaka diyaa| AThavIM zatAbdI meM bhaTTa ne isakA jIrNoddhAra kiyA thA, kintu somadeva sUri ne yazastilaka campU (6/17 - 18 ) meM evaM hariSeNa kathAkoza meM vajrakumAra kI kathA ke antargata isa stUpa ko vajrakumAra ke nimitta vidyAdharoM dvArA nirmita batAyA hai| AcArya somadeva ne to usa stUpa ke darzana bhI kiye the aura use devanirmita likhA hai| isa stUpa kA jIrNoddhAra sAhU ToDara ne bhI kiyA thA, isa prakAra kI sUcanA kavi rAjamalla ne jambUsvAmI caritra meM dI hai| unhoMne bhI isa stUpa ke darzana kiye the| usa samaya vahA~ 514 stUpa the / "20

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anekAnta 59/3-4 100 Age unhoMne likhA hai ki- "kuSANakAla kA eka AyAgapaTTa milA hai, usameM bhI isa stUpa ko devanirmita likhA hai| paM. balabhadra jaina ke uparyukta kathana kA samarthana amalAnanda ghoSa ne bhI kiyA hai| ___ pro. ramezacandra zarmA ne eka mAnyatA ke AdhAra para likhA hai ki sarvaprathama eka hI mUla stUpa thA, kAlAntara meM unakI sakhyA 5 huI tadanantara choTe-choTe 527 stUpa bana gaye, jinakI pUjA 17vIM zatAbdI taka hotI rhii| 1583 I. meM sAha ToDara dvArA 514 stUpoM kI pratiSThA kI gii|23 ___ bhagavAn supArzvanAtha ke sevaka yakSa kA nAma paranandI aura yakSiNI kA nAma kAlI hai|24 supArzvanAtha kI prAcIna mUrtiyA~ : ____ zrI gokulacanda digambara jaina mandira gvAliyara (ma.pra.) meM bhagavAn supArzvanAtha kI eka mUrti virAjamAna hai, jisakI pratiSThA vi.sa. 1125 meM huI bhii|25 isI prakAra badanAvara se prApta bhagavAna supArzvanAtha kI eka pratimA jayasiMhapurA purAtattva saMgrahAlaya ujjaina meM mUrti kramAGka 165 meM upalabdha hai| isakI pratiSThA vi.sa. 1222 meM huI thii|25 supArzvanAtha kI janmabhUmi kAzI : bhagavAn supArzvanAtha kI janmabhUmi kAzI ke eka muhalle bhadainI meM hai| bhadainI bhadrAvani athavA bhadravana kA bhraSTa rUpa hai| bhadainI meM bhagavAn supAzvarvanAtha ke kula tIna mandira haiM, jinameM eka zvetAmbara mandira hai aura zeSa do digambara mndir| donoM digambara mandiroM meM se eka mandira chedIlAla ke mandira ke nAma se prasiddha hai aura dUsarA mandira bAbU subodhakumAra jaina ArA (bihAra) ke pUrvajoM dvArA nirmita hai| yahIM pUjya kSullaka gaNeza prasAda varNI dvArA sthApita zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya hai, jahA~ se saikar3oM jaina vidvAna taiyAra huye haiN| yaha vidyAlaya apane sthApanA

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104 anekAnta 59/3-4 kAla ke sau varSa pUrNa kara cukA hai uparyukta tInoM mandira pAsa-pAsa sthita haiM tathA tInoM hI bhagavAn supArzvanAtha ke garbha, janma, tapa aura jJAna-ina cAra kalyANakoM ke liye prasiddha haiM kintu bAbU subodhakumAra jaina ke pUrvajoM dvArA nirmita evaM zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya se saTe huye mandira meM chatarI hai aura prAcIna caraNa bhI, ataH janasAmAnya kI dRSTi meM yahI digambara jaina mandira bhagavAna supArzvanAtha kI janmabhUmi ke rUpa meM prasiddha hai| supArzvanAtha kI nirvANabhUmi sammeda zikhara : __ zrI sammeda zikhara caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM meM se bIsa tIrthaGkaroM evaM anya karoDo manirAjoM kI nirvANabhUmi hai| yaha 'pArzvanAtha hila' ke nAma se bhI vikhyAta hai| kyoMki taiisaveM tIrthaGkara bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI nirvANa sthalI ToMka/coTI sabase U~cI hai| isakI upatyakA (talahaTI) meM basA huA kasbA madhuvana kahalAtA hai| jahA~ pahAr3a ke Upara vividha tIrthaGkaroM ke caraNa cihna haiM, vahIM madhuvana meM aneka mandira haiM jo gaganacumbI zikharoM se yukta haiN| yahA~ aneka saMsthAoM ke vizAla bhavana bhI haiN| yaha sthAna pArasanAtha sTezana athavA IsarI se lagabhaga bIsa kilomITara dUra hai maghuvana jAne kA rAstA evaM parvatarAja kA dRzya bar3A hI manohara hai| isa parvata kI sabase U~cI coTI sammeda zikhara kahalAtI hai| yaha zabda sambheda zikhara kA rUpAntara pratIta hotA hai| isakI niSpatti sam mada artha meM ka athavA ac pratyaya karane para harSa yA harSayukta hogaa| kucha logoM kA anumAna hai ki jaina zramaNa isa parvata para tapasyAyeM kiyA karate the, isalie isa parvata kI U~cI coTI kA nAma samaNa zikhara se sammeda zikhara ho gyaa| isa parvata se anya unnIsa tIrthaGkaroM evaM karor3oM munirAjoM ke alAvA prabhAsakUTa se tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha ne nirvANa prApta kiyA hai, ataH yaha bhUmi dhanya hai| praNamya hai| bhAva sahita isa kSetra ke darzana-pUjana karane se 49 bhava meM niyama se

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anekAnta 59/3-4 106 nirvANa prApta hotA hai tathA naraka aura tiryaJca gati kA bandha nahIM hotA hai|28 anta meM mAtra itanA hI kahanA hai ki - jo pahale bhava meM kSemapura nagara ke svAmI tathA sabake dvArA stuti karane yogya nandiSeNa rAjA huye| phira tapa kara nava graiveyakoM meM se madhya ke graiveyaka meM ahamindra huye, tadanantara banArasa nagarI meM zatruoM ko jItane vAle aura ikSvAku kula ke tilaka mahArAjA supArzva huye ve saptama tIrthaGkara Apa sabakI rakSA kreN| sandarbha: 1. jainadharma kA pracIna itihAsa, prathama bhAga, pRSTha 129, 2. (ka) jainadharma kA prAcIna itihAsa prathama bhAga, pRSTha 128, 3 (kha) bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA tattva darzana, pRSTha 215-218, 4. vahI, pRSTha 216, 5. vahI, pRSTha 217, 6. vahI, pRSTha 217, 7. vahI, pRSTha 217, 8. grantharAja dhyAnatIrtha zrI sambheda zikhara jI, pRSTha 137, 9. vahI, pRSTha 137, 10. zrI banArasa pArzvaprabhu pratiSThA mahotsava smArikA-2000, pRSTha 21, 11. jinaratnakoza, pRSTha 445, 12. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 6, pRSTha 81-82, 13. jinaratnakoza, pRSTha 445, 14. jinaratnakoza, pRSTha 445, 15. stutividyA, padya 29, 16. (ka) zrI caturviMzati sandhAna mahAkAvya, padya 7, 16. (kha) jinaralakoza, pRSTha 445, 17. jaina bhAratI (vItarAga vandanA vizeSAGka), varSa 42 aGka 9-10 sita.-akTU. 94 pRSTha 7, 18. (ka) jaina pUjA-kAvya . eka cintana, pRSTha 381, (kha) jinendra pUjAJjali, pR.112, 19. jaina pUjA kAvya : eka anucintana, pRSTha. 252, 20. jainadharma kA prAcIna itihAsa, prathama bhAga, pRSTha 129, 21. jainadharma kA prAcIna itihAsa, prathama bhAga, pRSTha 129, 22. jaina kalA evaM sthApatya, pRSTha 52, 23. mathurA kA sAMskRtika jaina purA vaibhava, pRSTha 23, 24. jainadharma kA prAcIna itihAsa, prathama bhAga, pRSTha 129, 25. bhAratIya digambara jaina abhilekha, pRSTha 54, 26. bhAratIya digambara jaina abhilekha, pRSTha 191, 27. bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA tattvadarzana, pRSTha 516, 28. bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA tattvadarzana, pRSTha 517, 29. bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA tattvadarzana, pRSTha 218 prophasara-jainadarzana saMskRta vidyA evaM dharma vijJAna saMkAya kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI

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brahmacaryadarzana aura usakI sAmAjika upayogitA - DaoN. azokakumAra jaina vyakti ko nirAkula aura zuddha banAne ke lie bhagavAna mahAvIra ne ahiMsA, brahmacarya aura aparigraha para bahuta bala diyA aura batAyA ki jaba taka manuSya prANimAtra ke sAtha AtmatulyatA kI bhAvanA nahIM banAtA, saba prANiyoM ko apane hI samAna jIne kA adhikAra nahIM mAnatA taba taka usake mana meM sarvodayI ahiMsA kA vikAsa nahIM ho sktaa| vAsanAoM para vijaya pAnA hI saccI zuddhi hai aura usakI kasauTI hai brahmacarya kI puurnntaa| bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM likhA hai jIvo baMbhA jIvammi ceva cariyA havijja jA jdinno| taM jANa baMmaceraM vimukkprdehtittiss| -gAthA 878 brahma meM ramaNa karanA brahmacarya hai| brahma zabda kA artha jIva hai arthAta jJAna-darzana rUpa se jo vRddhi ko prApta ho vaha brahma hai| jIva hI ina guNoM se vardhamAna hotA hai isalie yaha jIva-AtmA hI brahmasvarUpa hai| brahma kA artha vyApI bhI hotA hai| samudghAtAvasthA meM jIva-AtmA hI tIna loka meM vyApta hotA hai ataH AtmA hI brahma hai| carya-caraNa ramaNa karanA arthAt apane hI svabhAva-jJAna darzanarUpa AtmA meM ramaNa krnaa| mUlAcAra meM likhA hai mAdusudAmagiNIya daNityittiya ca pddiruuvN| . itthikahAdiNiyattI tiloyapujja have bamaM / / gAthA 8 tIna prakAra kI striyoM ko aura unake pratirUpa (citra) ko mAtA, putrI aura bahina ke samAna dekhakara jo strIkathA Adi se nivRtti hai vaha tIna loka meM pUjya brahmacarya vrata kahalAtA hai| padmanandi paJcaviMzatikA meM bhI batAyA hai AtmA brahma viviktabodhanilayo yattatra caryA prN| svAGgasaMgavivarjitaikamanasastad brahmacarya muneH||

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 107 evaM satyabalA svamAtRbhaginI putrIsamAH prekSate / vRddhAdyA vijitendriyo yadi tadA sa brahmacArI bhavet / / 12/2 brahma zabda kA artha nirmala jJAnasvarUpa AtmA hai, usa AtmA meM lIna hone kA nAma brahmacarya hai / jisa muni kA mana apane zarIra ke bhI sambandha meM nirmamatva ho cukA hai usI ke vaha hotA hai| aisA hone para yadi indriyavijayI hokara vRddhA, yuvatI, bAlA Adi striyoM ko kramazaH apanI mAtA, bahina aura putrI ke samAna samajhatA hai vaha brahmacArI hotA hai / vyavahAra aura nizcaya kI apekSA brahmacarya ke do bheda hai / iname maithuna kriyA ke tyAga ko vyavahAra brahmacarya kahA jAtA hai vaha bhI aNuvrata aura mahAvrata ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| apanI patnI ko chor3akara zeSa saba striyoM ko yathAyogya mAtA, bahina aura putrI ke samAna mAnakara unameM rAgapUrNa vyavahAra na karanA, ise brahmacaryANuvrata athavA svadArasantoSa bhI kahA jAtA hai tathA zeSa striyoM ke samAna apanI patnI ke viSaya meM bhI anurAgabuddhi na rakhanA, yaha brahmacarya mahAvrata kahalAtA hai, jo muni ke hotA hai| apane vizuddha AtmasvarUpa meM hI ramaNa karane kA nAma nizcaya brahmacarya hai / yaha una mahAmuniyoM ke hotA hai jo anya bAhya padArthoM ke viSaya meM to kyA, kintu apane zarIra ke bhI viSaya meM nispRha ho cuke hai / AcArAMga meM likhA hai etesu caiva babhaceraM ti bemi / / 5/35 arthAt parigraha kA saMyama karane vAloM meM hI brahmacarya hotA hai, aisA maiM kahatA hU~ / brahmacarya ke tIna artha haiM- AtmaramaNa, upasthasaMyama - maithunavirati tathA gurukulavAsa / padArthoM ke prati Asakta vyakti Atma ramaNa nahIM kara sakatA / jisa vyakti kA padArtha ke prati AkarSaNa hotA hai, usake lie brahmacarya kA pAlana kara nahIM hotA hai| jo vyakti padArtha ke prati asaMyata hotA hai, usakA gurukula meM rahanA suzakya nahIM hotaa| isakA tAtparya hai ki aparigrahI puruSa hI brahmacarya kI sAdhanA meM samartha hotA hai / dazavaikAlika meM kahA hai abhayariyaM dhoraM, pamAyaM durahi TThiyaM / nAyarati muNI loe, bheyAyayaNavajjiNo / / a. 6/15

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108 anekAnta 59/3-4 abrahmacarya loka meM pramAda janaka aura durbala vyaktiyoM dvArA Asevita hai| cAritra-bhaMga ke sthAna se bacane vAle muni unakA Asevana nahIM krte| Age aura bhI likhA hai mUlameya mahambhassa, mhaadossmssyN| tamhA mehuNasaMsaggiM, niggathA bajjayatti NaM ||a. 6/16 yaha abrahmacarya adharma kA mUla aura mahAna doSoM kI rAzi hai, isalie nirgrantha maithuna saMsarga kA varjana kahate hai| paoNca pApoM meM eka abrahma bhI hai| tattvArthasUtra meM likhA hai- 'maithunamabrahma' arthAta maithuna abrahma hai| strI aura puruSa kA jor3A mithuna kahalAtA hai aura rAga pariNAma se yukta hokara inake dvArA kI gaI sparzana Adi kriyA maithuna hai| yaha maithuna hI abrahma hai| yadyapi yahAM mithuna zabda se strI aura puruSa kA yugala liyA gayA hai tathApi ve sabhI sajAtIya aura vijAtIya jor3e jo kAmasevana ke lie ekatra hote haiM mithuna zabda se abhipreta haiN| abrahma ke bhedoM ko nirUpita karate hue 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' meM likhA icchivisayAbhilAso vacchivimokkho ya pnnidrssevaa| saMsattadavvasevA tadidiyAloyaNaM cev|| sakkAro saMkArI adiidsumrnnaagdbhilaase| iSThavisaya sevA viya avvaMma dasavihaM edaM / / 1. strI sambandhI jo indriya viSaya unakI abhilASA karanA arthAt unakA saundarya, adhara rasa, mukha kA gaMdha, manohara gAyana, madhura hAsya, bhASaNa, zarIra kA mRdu sparza, unakA sahavAsa, saha gamana aura sundara aGgAvalokana ye abrahma haiN| 2. apane indriya liGga meM vikAra honA-sthira va dRr3ha honA vatyi vimokkha 3. striyoM kI zayyAdi padArthoM kA sevana karanA, unakA upabhoga krnaa| jisa prakAra strI kA saMbhoga kAmiyoM ko prItikara hotA hai usI prakAra unakI

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anekAnta 59/3-4 09 zayyAdi bhI unheM harSotpAdaka hotI hai| yaha saMsakta dravya sevA hai| 4. striyoM ke sundara aMgoM kA avalokana tadindriyAvalokana hai| 5. zarIra meM bala-vIrya varddhaka, puSTikAraka, gariSTha AhAra aura rasoM kA sevana karanA vRSya rasa sevA hai| 6. striyoM kA satkAra karanA, unake zarIra para premAsakta ho unheM puSpahAra, vastrAdi dekara prasanna karanA, unakA sammAna karanA, alaGkArAdi pradAna krnaa| 7. atIta kAla meM bhukta strI sambhoga ratikrIDA kA smaraNa krnaa| 8. bhaviSya meM unake sAtha aisI-aisI krIDAyeM karU~gA isa prakAra kI abhilASA rakhanA 9. iSTa viSaya sevA arthAt manobhilASA saudha, udyAna Adi kA upayoga krnaa| 10. jisake rAgabhAva prabala hai, aise puruSoM kI saMgati karanA, unake dravyoM kA sevana krnaa| uparyukta 10 abrahma ke bheda haiN| isake viparIta jJAna, zraddhAna aura vItarAgatA varddhaka guNoM meM pravRtti karanA brahmacarya hai| brahmacarya kisI prakAra kA bAharI dabAva kA bandhana nahIM, apitu mana kA saMyama hai| isa saMyama ko mahattva dete hue jaina paramparA meM asIma kAmanAoM ko sImita karane hetu vivAha ko svIkAra kiyA hai| vivAha saMyama kI ora agrasara hone kA mahattvapUrNa caraNa hai aura pAzavika jIvana se nikala kara nItipUrNa maryAdita mAnava jIvana ko aMgIkAra karane kA sAdhana hai kintu isameM vezyAgamana evaM paradAra sevana ke lie koI sthAna nahIM hai balki maithuna sevana ko adharma kA mUla aura bar3e bar3e doSoM ko baDhAne vAlA kahA hai| aNuvratoM ke antargata brahmacaryANuvrata ke sambandha meM AcArya samantabhadra ne likhA hai na tu paradArAn gacchati na parAn gamayati ca paapbhiiteryt| sA paradAranivRtiH svvdaarsntossnaamaapi||

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra 3/13 arthAt jo pApa ke bhaya se parastriyoM ke prati svayaM gamana karatA hai aura na dUsaroM ko gamana karAtA hai vaha parastrItyAga athavA svadArasantoSa aNuvrata hai| 110 AcArya amRtacandra ne bhI likhA hai ye nijakalatrapAtra parihartu zaknuvanti na hi mohAt / niHzeSazeSayoSinniSevaNaM tairapi na kAryam / puruSArtha sidhyupAya || arthAt jo jIva moha ke kAraNa apanI vivAhitA strImAtra ko chor3ane ko nizcaya meM samartha nahIM hai unheM avazeSa striyoM kA sevana to avazya hI nahIM karanA cAhie / dharmAmRta (sAgAra) meM varNana hai so'sti svadArasantoSI yo'nyastrIprakaTastriyau / na gacchatyaMhaso bhItyA nAnyairgamayati bhiyA / / jo gRhastha pApa ke bhaya se parastrI aura vezyA ko mana, vacana, kAya aura kRta, kArita, anumodana se na to svayaM sevana karatA hai aura na dUsare puruSoM se sevana karAtA hai vaha svadArasantoSI hai / AtmA ke vikAsa meM viSaya-bhoga prabala rUpa se bAdhaka hai| AcArya guNabhadra svAmI kahate hai zarIramapi puSNanti sevante viSayAnapi / nAstyaho duSkaraM nRNAM viSAdvAJchati jIvitam / / AtmAnuzAsana 169 manuSya sadA hI zarIra ko poSate haiM tathA viSaya bhogoM ko bhogate rahate haiN| isase bar3hakara aura khoTA kRtya kyA hogA ve viSa pIkara jIvana cAhate haiM /

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anekAnta 59/3-4 111 AcArya somadevasUri likhate haiMviSavadviSayAH pusAmApAte mdhuraagmaaH| ante vipattiphaladAstatsatAmiha ko grhH| dehdrvinnsNskaarsmupaarjnvRttyH| jitakAye vRthA sastitkAmaH sarvadoSabhAk / / - upAsakAdhyayana 410, 415 viSa ke samAna viSaya prArambha meM mIThe lagate hai kintu anta meM vipatti meM DAlate hai ataH viSayoM meM sajjanoM kA Agraha kaisaa| jisane kAma ko jIta liyA usakA zarIra saMskAra, dhanopArjana Adi vyartha hai- kyoMki ina sabakI jar3a strI saMbhoga duHkha kA kAraNa hai- yoga zAstra meM varNana hai strI saMbhogena yaH kAmajvaraM prticikiirssti| sa hutAzaM dhRtAhutyA vidhyaapyitumicchti|| 2/81 jo strI-saMbhoga ke dvArA kAmajvara ko rokanA cAhatA hai vaha ghI kI Ahuti se agni ko zAnta karanA cAhatA hai| paMDita AzAdhara jI ne bhI kahA hai santAparUpo mohAGgasAdatRSNAnubandhakRt / strIsambhogastathApyeSa sukhe cetkA jvre'kssmaa|| - sAgAra dharmAmRta 53 strI saMbhoga aura jvara donoM samAna haiN| strI saMbhoga se pitta kupita ho jAtA hai vaha santApa paidA karatA hai aura jvara to santApakArI hotA hI hai| usameM samasta zarIra tapatA hai| hita, ahita kA jJAna na rahane ko moha kahate hai kAmI ko jaba kAma satAtA hai to use hita ahita kI bAta samajhameM nahIM aatii| jvara meM bhI aisI dazA hotI hai| saMbhoga bhI zarIra kI sahanazIlatA ko naSTa karatA hai aura jvara bhii| strI sambhoga se taSNA baDhatI hai| aura jvara se bhI tRSNA arthAt pyAsa baDhatI hai| Ayurveda me kahA hai strIsambhoga se pitta prakapita ho jAtA hai| jinasena AcArya ne likhA hai

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112 anekAnta 59 / 3-4 kSAramambu tathA pItvA tRSyatyatitarAM naraH / tathA viSayasaMbhogaiH para saMtarSamRcchati / / mahApurANa 11 / 165 jaise citta ko mohita karane se zarIra ko zithila banAne se, tRSNA (pyAsa) ko baDhAne se aura santApakAraka hone se jvara sukha rUpa nahIM hai vaise hI strI-saMbhoga bhI sukharUpa nahIM hai tathA jaise khAre jala ko pIne se manuSya kI pyAsa baDhatI hai vaise hI viSaya sambhoga se parama tRSNA satAtI hai / maharSi pataJjali ne 'yogadarzana' meM brahmacarya ke mahatva kA pratipAdana karate hue batAyA hai brahmacaryapratiSThAyAM vIryalAbhaH / brahmacarya kI pUrNa sAdhanA karane para apUrva mAnasika zakti aura bala prApta hotA hai / bauddha paramparA meM brahmacarya kA mahatva svIkAra kiyA gayA hai dhammapada meM likhA hai candanaM tagaraM vApi uppalaM atha vassiko / etesaM gaMdhajAtAnaM sIlagaMdho anuttaro / / 4/12 agaru aura candana kI sugaMdha phailatI hai, vaha sugandha to bahuta hI alpa mAtrA meM hotI hai para brahmacarya ( zIla) kI aisI sugandha hai jo devatAo ke dila ko bhI lubhA detI hai / vaha sugandha itanI vyApaka hotI hai ki mAnava loka meM to kyA devaloka meM bhI vyApta ho jAtI hai / vizuddhimagga meM likhA hai sIlagaMdhasamo gaMdho kuto nAma bhavissati yAM samaM anuvAtaM ca parivAte ca vAyati / / sammArAhaNa sopAnaM aM sIla samaMkuto / dvAraM vA pana nivvAna nagassa pavesane / / pariccheda / zIla kI gaMdha ke samAna dUsarI gaMdha kahAM hogI ? dUsarI gaMdha to jidhara havA kA rukha hotA hai udhara hI bahatI hai para zIla kI gaMdha aisI gaMdha hai jo viparIta havA meM bhI usI taraha se bahatI hai jaisI pravAha meM bahatI hai / usameM yaha bhI kahA hai ki yadi kisI ko svarga ke ucca sthala para pahucanA

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anekAnta 59/3-4 113 hai to brahmacarya ke samAna usa sthala para pahuMcane ke lie anya koI sIDhI nhiiN| bauddha tripiTaka sAhitya ke anuzIlana se yaha bhI parijJAta hai ki yahAM para 'brahmacarya' tIna artho meM vyavahRta huA hai| dIgha nikAya poTThapAda meM usakA artha bauddha dharma meM nivAsa hai jisase nirvANa kI prApti hotI hai| brahmacarya kA tIsarA artha maithuna viramaNa hai| brahmacarya kI rakSA ke upAyoM ko Agama sAhitya meM 'guptiyA~' aura 'samAdhi aura sthAna' bhI kahA gayA hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM unake nau bheda batAye hai jo isa prakAra haiM1. vivikta zayanAsana- brahmacArI aise sthAna para zayana Asana kare jo strI, puruSa, napuMsaka se saMyukta na ho| 2. strI kathA parihAra- striyoM kI saundarya vArtA, kathA vArtA Adi kI carcA na kre| 3. niSadyAnupasevana- strI ke sAtha ekAsana para na baiThe / usake uTha jAne para bhI eka muhUrta taka usa sthAna para na baitthe| 4. strI aMgopAMga adarzana- striyoM ke manohara aMga-upAMga na dekhe, yadi kadAcit usa para dRSTi calI jAya to punaH haTA le phira usakA dhyAna na kre| 5. kuDayAntara zabda zravaNAdivarjana- dIvAra Adi kI Ar3a se striyoM ke zabda gIta rUpa Adi na sune, na dekhe| 6. pUrva bhoga smaraNa varjana- pahale bhoge hue bhogoM kA smaraNa na kre| 7. praNIta bhojana-tyAga- vikArotpAdaka gariSTha bhojana na kre| 8. atipamAtra bhojana tyAga- rUkhA-sUkhA bhojana bhI adhika mAtrA meM na kiyA jaaye| 9. vibhUSaNa vivarjana- zarIra kI sajAvaTa na kre|

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114 anekAnta 59/3-4 paNDita pravara AzAdhara ne brahmacarya ke dasa niyamoM kA ullekha kiyA 1. rUpa, rasa, gaMdha, sparza, aura zabda ke rasa kA pAna karane kI lAlasA brahmacArI meM nahIM ho| 2. vaha isa prakAra ke kArya na kare jisase liMga meM vikAra hone kI saMbhAvanA ho| 3. brahmacArI kAmoddIpaka AhAra na grahaNa kre| 4. mahilAoM dvArA upabhoga kiye hue zayana, Asana Adi kA upayoga na kre| 5. strI ke guptAGga para dRSTi na ddaale| 6. anurAgavaza strI kA satkAra na kre| 7. zarIra kA saMskAra na kre| 8. pUrva sevita rati kA smaraNa na kre| 9. AgAmI bhoga kI icchA na kre| 10. iSTa rUpAdi meM mana ko saMyukta na kre| bhartRhari likhate haiMmattebhakummadalane bhuvi santi zUrAH kecitpracaNDamRgarAjavadhe'pi dkssaaH| kintu bramImi balinAM purataH prasahya kandarpadapalane viralA mnussyaaH|| - zrRMgArazataka 58 isa pRthvI para madonmatta gajarAja kA kumbhasthala dalana karane vAle bahuta se zUravIra vidyamAna hai aura aise hI pracaNDa mRgarAja siMha kA badha karane vAle manuSya bhI bahuta mila sakate hai, parantu balavAnoM ke samakSa hama vaha bAta jora dekara kaha sakate hai ki kAmadeva kA garvabhaMjana karane vAle birale hI manuSya hoNge| prazamarati prakaraNa meM likhA hai

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anekAnta 59/3-4 115 samyagdRSTijJAnI virtitpodhyaanbhaavnaayogaiH| zIlAGgasahastrASTAzakamayatnena saadhyti|| 245 dharma, pRthvIkAya bagairaha, indriyAM, saMjJA, kRta, kArita, anumodanA aura mana, vacana, kAya ke mela se zIla ke aThAraha hajAra aMgoM kI utpatti hotI brahmacarya se mAnava kA jIvana tejayukta evaM prabhAvI banatA hai naitika samAja kI sthApanA meM isa vrata kI mahatvapUrNa bhUmikA hai| brahmacarya kI sAdhanA karane vAlA sAdhaka zArIrika aura mAnasika donoM prakAra kI zaktiyoM ko surakSita rakhatA hai| bhAva pAhur3a meM dasavidha abrahma kA tyAga kara navavidha brahmacarya pAlana ke sambandha meM likhA hai NavavihabaMmaM payaDahi abamaM dasavihaM pmottuunn| mehuNasaNNasatto mamiosi bhavaNNave bhiime|| bhAvapAhur3a 96 he Atman ! dasa prakAra ke abrahma kA tyAga kara navavidha brahmacarya bhAva ko prakaTa kara / kyoM ki tU maithunabhAva meM Asakta hokara bhayakAraka saMsAra samudra meM bhramaNa kara rahA hai| jaise kheta meM sthita dhAnya kI rakSA ke lie bAr3a lagAI jAtI hai usI prakAra brahmacarya vrata kI rakSA ke lie zIla kI nau bAr3a hai ve isa prakAra hai1. strI viSayaka abhilASA na karanA- kyoMki abhilASA ke bAda hI kukArya kI pariNati hotI hai| ataH kubhAvanA kI jar3a kA nAza karane ke lie strI viSaya sambandhI abhilASA kA tyAga karanA Avazyaka hai| 2. aMga vimokSa- kAma ke sAdhanabhUta aMgo ko uttejita na krnaa| 3. gariSTha kAmotpAdaka rasoM ke sevana kA tyAga- jihvA indriya ke svacchanda hone para sArI indriyAM svacchanda hotI hai| 4. saMmaktadravya sevAtyAga- striyoM ke dvArA sevita sambandhita vastra, caTAI, __ caukI Adi kA apane lie prayoga nahIM krnaa|

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116 anekAnta 59/3-4 5. strIavalokana tyAga- striyoM ke aMgopAMga ko rAga bhAva se nahIM dekhnaa| zarIra azuci hai, apavitra hai aisA vicAra krnaa| 6. pUjanIya strI satkAra puraskAra tyAga- rAgabhAva pUrvaka striyoM kA satkAra puraskAra nahI karanA mAtA, bahina, dhArmika bheSadhArI AryikA, kSullikA Adi kA vinaya karane kA tyAga nahIM hai| kyoMki kAma, rAga, rasa, se yukta hokara satkAra puraskAra karanA niSedha hai| 7. atIta bhoga smaraNa tyAga- pUrva samaya meM bhoge hue bhogoM kA smaraNa nahIM karanA kyoM ki atIta kAla ke bhogoM kA smaraNa karane se pariNAma malina hokara brahmacarya vrata ke ghAta kA avasara A sakatA hai| 8. anAgata viSayAbhilASA tyAga- bhaviSyat kAla sarabandhI bhogoM kI abhilASA nahIM krnaa| 9. paMcendriya viSaya sambandhI iSTa viSaya sevana kA tyAga- paMcendriya viSaya sambandhI iSTa padAthoM kA sevana karane se indriyAM aura mana svacchanda ho jAte haiN| bhAva pAhur3a meM muni ko aThAraha hajAra zIla aura caurAsI lAkha uttara guNoM ke pAlana karane hetu likhate haiM sIlasahassadvArasa caurAsI guNagaNANa lkkhaaii| bhAvahi aNudiNu NihilaM asappalAveNa kiM bhunnaa| he mune! (he Atman) adhika pralApa karane se kyA lAbha hai? tU pratidina sampUrNa aThAraha hajAra zIla aura caurAsI lAkha uttara guNoM kI nirantara bhAvanA kara, rAtadina unakA cintana, smaraNa evaM pAlana kr| durbhAvanAoM kA vinAza karake sadbhAvanAoM kA cintana zIla kahalAtA hai| ina zIla kA varNana do prakAra se hai| eka ahiMsAtmaka pariNati dUsarI brahmacarya vrata kA paaln| ina donoM kA paraspara sAmaMjasya hai kyoMki ahiMsAtmaka pariNati se hI brahmacarya vrata kA pAlana hotA hai aura brahmacarya vrata ke pAlana se ahiMsA kI siddhi hotI hai| brahmacarya vrata kA

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anekAnta 59/3-4 117 ghAta hone meM mana, vacana, kAma kI durbhAvanA, saMjJAoM kA prAdurbhAva, dasadharma kA ghAta, ekendriya Adi jIvoM kI virAdhanA aura paMcendriya viSayoM meM pravRti hotI hai| ataH ina donoM prakAra ke zIloM ke bhedoM kA paraspara sambandha hai| athavA zIla kA artha svabhAva, usa usa svabhAva kI ghAtaka mana, vacana kAyika kriyA kA nAma hai kuzIla, una kriyAoM ke tyAga ko kahate haiM shiil| mukhyatayA abhedarUpa se svabhAva meM ramaNa karanA hI zIla hai| usako vizeSa rUpa se samajhAne ke lie 18000 bheda kiye haiN| 18000 zIloM kA ahiMsAtmaka pariNAma kI apekSA bheda isa prakAra haiM azubha mana, vacana, kAya yoga ko zubha mana, vacana aura kAya se naSTa karane se zIla ke nau bheda haiN| ina nau bhedoM ko AhAra, bhaya, maithuna aura parigraha saMjJA ina cAra se guNA karane para zIla ke 36 bheda hote hai kyoMki saMjJA bhI AtmasvabhAva kI ghAtaka hai| ina 36 prakAra ke zIla ke bhedoM ko sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa, cakSu aura karNa indriya vijaya ke dvArA guNA karane para 180 zIla ke bheda hote hai arthAt bhAvendriya AtmA kA upayoga(jJAna) hai vaha upayoga apane jAnane dekhane svabhAva ko chor3akara bAhya padArthoM meM lIna ho gayA hai, indriya dvAra se cAra saMjJAoM meM jA rahA hai, usako rokakara apane svabhAva meM lAne kI ceSTA karanA zIla kahalAtA hai| - pRthvIkAya, jalakAya, agnikAya, vAyukAya, vanaspatikAya, do indriya trIndriya, caturindriya, sainI, asainI paMcendriya ina dasa prakAra ke jIvoM para anukampA karanA, yaha zIla hai| isalie 180 bhedoM ko dasa prakAra ke jIvoM ke dayA bhAva se guNA karane para zIla ke 18000 bheda hote haiN| krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, asatya, asaMyama, atapa, atyAga, parigraha meM pravRtti aura abrahma ye AtmasvabhAva ke ghAtaka haiN| ataH uttama kSamAdi dasadharma ke lakSaNa ke dvArA krodhita vibhAva bhAvoM kA vinAza kara apane svarUpa ko upayoga meM sthira karanA zIla hai| muni ina 18000 zIloM kA smaraNa ciMtana, manana karake apane svabhAva meM sthira hone kA prayatna kre| brahmacarya kI mukhyatA se zIla ke bheda- satraha hajAra do so

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118 anekAnta 59/3-4 assI (17280) bheda caitanya strI sambandhI hai tathA sAta sau bIsa(720) acaitanya strI sambandhI bheda haiN| dono ko milAne se 18000 zIla ke bheda hote haiM ve isa prakAra hai___ acetana strI tIna prakAra kI hai- kATha kI banI huI, pASANa (patthara) kI mUrti aura lepa, raMga Adi se likhita strii| ina tInoM acetana striyoM kA sparza aura mAnasika anurAga rUpa kAya, mana, se guNA karane para kuzIla ke chaha bheda hote hai| ina acetana striyoM ke sAtha vAcanika pravRtti nahIM hotii| ina chaha vikAroM ko kRta, kArita, anumodanA se karane para 18 bheda hote hai| ina 18 durbhAvanAoM ko sparzana Adi pAMca indriyoM se karane para 90 bheda hote hai| ina 90 bhedoM ko dravya aura bhAva se guNA karane para 180 bheda hue| ina 180 bheda rUpa kuzIla kA sevana krodha, mAna, mAyA, aura lobharUpa cAra kaSAya ke vazIbhUta hokara kiye hai ataH acetana strI sambandhI kuzIla ke 720 bheda hote hai| caitanya sambandhI kuzIla ke bheda isa prakAra haiM- caitanya strI tIna prakAra kI haiM devI, mAnuSI aura tirynycnii| naraka meM strI nahIM hotii| ina tIna prakAra kI cetana strI sambandhI darbhAvanA karanA, karAnA aura karane vAloM kI anumodanA karane kI apekSA nau bheda haiM- aura ina nau bhedoM ko mana, vacana, kAya, se guNA karane para 27 bheda hote hai| ina 27 prakAra ke vikAra bhAva, paMcendriya se sambandhita hai| sparza Adi kI bhAvanAoM ke kAraNa inakA AhArAdi cAra saMjJAoM se guNA karane para 1080 bheda hote hai| ina eka hajAra assI kuzIloM meM pravRtti kaSAoM ke kAraNa hotI hai aura kaSAya 16 hai 1080 bhedoM ko kaSAyoM se guNA karane para kuzIla ke 17 280 bheda hote haiN| ye cetana strI sambandhI vikAroM ke bheda haiN| inameM acetana strI sambandhI 720 bheda milA dene para kuzIla ke 18000 bheda hote haiN| ina 18000 kuzIla kA (vibhAva bhAvoM kA) tyAga kara apane svarUpa meM ramaNa kAla 18000 zIla ke bheda haiN| brahmacarya vrata kA sAmAjika mahatva - brahmacarya bhAvanA AtmA kI Antarika zakti hai aura isake dvArA sAmAjika kSamatAoM kI vRddhi kI

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anekAnta 59/3-4 119 jAtI hai| vAstava meM brahmacarya kI sAdhanA vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika donoM hI jIvanoM ke lie eka upayogI kalA hai| yaha AcAra-vicAra aura vyavahAra ko badalane kI sAdhanA hai| AcaraNa kA patana jIvana kA patana hai aura AcaraNa kI uccatA jIvana kI uccatA hai| yadi rUDhivaza kisI vyakti kA janma nIcakula meM mAna bhI liyA jAye, to itane mAtra se vaha apavitra nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| patita vaha hai jisakA AcAra-vicAra nikRSTa hai aura jo dina-rAta bhoga-vAsanA meM DUbA rahatA hai| jo kRtrima vilAsitA ke sAdhanoM kA upayoga kara apane saundarya kI kRtrimarUpa meM vRddhi karanA cAhate haiM unake jIvana meM vilAsitA to baDhatI hI hai, kAmavikAra bhI uddIpta hote hai, jisake phalasvarUpa samAja bhItara hI bhItara khokhalA hotA jAtA haiN| brahmacarya-sAdhanA ke do rUpa sambhava haiN| vAsanAoM para pUrNa niyantraNa aura vAsanAoM kA kendrIkaraNa 1 samAja ke bIca gAhasthika jIvana vyatIta karate hue vAsanAoM para pUrNa niyantraNa to sabake lie sambhava nahIM para unakA kendrIkaraNa sabhI sadasyoM ke lie Avazyaka hai| kendrIkaraNa kA artha vivAhita jIvana vyatIta karate hue samAja kI anya striyoM ko mAtA, bahina, aura putrI ke samAna samajhakara vizvavyApI prema kA rUpa prastata krnaa| yahAM yaha vizeSa rUpa se vicAraNIya hai ki apanI patnI ko bhI aniyantrita kAmAcAra kA kendra banAnA vrata se cyuta honA hai| ekapatnIvrata kA Adarza isIlie prastuta kiyA gayA hai ki jo AdhyAtmika santoSa dvArA apanI vAsanA ko nahIM jIta sakate ve svapatnI ke hI sAtha niyantritarUpa se kAmaroga ko zAnta kreN| AdhyAtmika aura zArIrika svAsthya kI vRddhi ke lie icchAoM para niyantraNa rakhanA Avazyaka hai| sAmAjika aura Atmika vikAsa kI dRSTi se brahmacarya zabda kA artha hI AtmA kA AcaraNa hai| ataH kevala jananendriya sambandhI viSaya vikAroM kA rokanA pUrNa brahmacarya nahIM hai| jo anya indriyoM ke viSayoM ke adhIna hokara kevala jananendriya sambandhI viSayoM ko rokane kA prayatna karatA hai, usakA vaha prayatna vAyu kI bhAMti hotA hai| kAna se vikAra kI bAteM sunanA, netroM

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10 anekAnta 59/3-4 se vikAra utpanna karane vAlI vastuyeM dekhanA, jihvA se vikArottejaka padArtho kA AsvAdana karanA aura ghrANa se vikAra utpanna karane vAle padArtho ko sUMghanA brahmacarya ke lie to bAdhaka hai hI para samAja hita kI dRSTi se bhI hAnikara hai| mithyA AhAra vihAra se samAja meM vikRti utpanna hotI hai, jisase samAja avyavasthita ho jAtA hai| sAmAjika azAnti kA eka bahuta bar3A kAraNa indriya sambandhI anucita AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi hai| abhakSya bhakSaNa bhI indriya kI capalatA ke kAraNa vyakti karatA hai| vastutaH sAmAjika dRSTi se brahmacarya bhAvanA kA rahasya adhikAra aura kartavya ke prati Adara bhAvanA jAgRta karanA hai| naitikatA aura bala prayoga ye donoM virodhI haiN| brahmacarya kI bhAvanA svanirIkSaNa para jora detI hai, jisake dvArA naitika jIvana kA Arambha hotA hai| sAmAjika aura rASTrIya jIvana meM saMgaThana zakti kI jAgati bhI isI ke dvArA hotI hai| saMyama ke abhAva meM samAja kI vyavasthA sucArU rUpa se nahIM kI jA sktii| yataH sAmAjika jIvana kA AdhAra naitikatA hai| prAyaH dekhA jAtA hai ki saMsAra meM chInA jhapaTI kI do hI vastuyeM hai| 1 kAminI aura 2 knycn| jaba taka ina donoM ke prati Antarika saMyama kI bhAvanA utpanna nahIM hogI, taba taka samAja meM zAnti sthApita nahIM hogii| abhiprAya yaha hai ki jIvana nirvAha zArIrika AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ke hetu apane ucita hisse se adhika aindriyaka sAmagrI kA upayoga na karanA sAmAjika brahmabhAvanA haiN| __mahAn dArzanika pAithAgorasa brahmacarya kI mahimA batAte hue likhate ____ "jo vyakti apane Apa para niyantraNa nahIM kara sakatA vaha svataMtra (svAdhIna) nahIM ho sktaa| apane Apa para zAsana aura anuzAsana kI zakti-sAmarthya 'brahmacarya' ke binA saMbhava nahIM hai| rIDara-jaina darzana saMskRta vidyA evaM dharmavijJAna saMkAya kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya

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AcArya umAsvAmI kI dRSTi meM akAlamaraNa - DaoN. zreyAMsakumAra jaina saMsAra meM jIva kA janma-maraNa zAzvata satya hai| jo janma letA haiM usakA maraNa honA bhI nizcita hai| AcArya umAsvAmI ne tatvArthasUtra ke dvitIya adhyApa ke antima sUtra "aupapAdikacaramottama dehA'saMkhyeya varSAyuSo'napavAyuSaH" dvArA spaSTa kiyA hai ki upapAda janmavAle deva aura nArakI caramottama dehadhArI aura asaMkhyAta varSa kI AyuvAle jIva anapavartya (paripUrNa) AyuvAle hote haiN| yaha vidhipakSa hai isakA niSedha pakSa hogA ki inase avaziSTa jIva apavartya (apUrNa) AyuvAle hote haiM arthAt inase avaziSTa karmabhUmiyA manuSya aura niryaJca haiM, jinakA akAla maraNa bhI hotA hai| yaha pUrNa satya hai kyoMki AcArya zivArya kA kahanA hai paDhama asatavayaNaM samudatyassa hodi pddiseho| Natthi Narassa akAle maccutti jagheva bhAdIya ma.a. 830 jo vidyamAna padArtha kA pratiSedha karanA so prathama asatya hai| jaise karmabhUmi ke manuSya ke akAla meM mRtyu kA niSedha karanA prathama asatya isakA tAtparya hai ki karmabhUmiyA jIvoM kI akAla mRtyu hotI hai, jisake anya zAstroM meM bhI aneka pramANa milate haiM, usakI prastuti kI jA rahI haiAcArya kundakunda svAmI ne akAlamaraNa ke nimnakAraNa darzAye haiN| visaveyaNarattakravayamayasatyaggaha sNkilesaannN| AhArussAsANaM NirohaNA khijjade aauu||25||

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122 anekAnta 59/3-4 hima aNalasalila gurUvara pavvatasrUhaNa pddynnmNgehiN| rasavijjoyadharANaM aNayapasaMyehi vivihehiM // 26 // bhAvapAhuDa arthAt- viSabhakSaNa se, vedanA kI pIr3A ke nimitta se rudhira ke kSaya ho jAne se, bhaya se zastrAghAta se, saMkleza pariNAma se AhAra tathA zvAsa ke nirodha se Ayu kA kSaya ho jAtA hai| himapAta se agni se jalane ke kAraNa, jala meM DUbane bar3e parvata para car3hakara girane se zarIra kA bhaMga hone se, pArA Adi rasa ke saMyoga (bhakSaNa) se Ayu kA vyuccheda ho jAtA hai| __ina kAraNoM ke hone se hI asamaya meM jIva kI mauta hotI hai yaha satya hai ki yadi sopakramAyuSka arthAt saMkhyAtavarSAyuSka manuSya va tiryaJca ko uparyukta kAraNoM meM se eka yA adhika kAraNa mila jAyege to akAlamaraNa hogA aura ukta kAraNoM meM koI bhI kAraNa nahIM jur3atA hai to akAlamaraNa nahIM hotA hai| kAraNa kA karma ke sAtha anvaya vyatireka avazya pAyA jAtA hai| kAraNa kArya sambandha ko batAte hae AcArya kahate haiM- yasmin satyeva bhavatiasati tu na bhavati tattasya kAraNa miti nyAyAt" (dha.pu. 12 pR. 289) jo jisake hone para hI hotA hai aura jisake na hone para nahIM hotA, vaha usakA kAraNa hotA hai aisA nyAya hai| AcArya vidyAnandi ne zastra prahAra Adi bahiraMga kAraNoM kA apamRtyu ke sAtha anvaya-vyatireka batAyA hai| isase siddha hai ki khaGga prahAra Adi se jo maraNa hogA vaha akAlamaraNa hogA aura ina zastra Adi ke abhAva meM kadalIghAta maraNa nahIM hogaa| bhAskaranandi AcArya bhI apanI sukhavodhanAmnI TIkA meM likhate haiM- "viSazastravedanAdi bAhyavizeSanimittavizeSaNAvartya te svIkriyate ityapavartyaH" arthAta viSa zastra vedanAdi bAhya vizeSa nimittoM se Ayu kA hrasva (kama) karanA apavartya hai arthAt bAhya nimittoM se bhujyamAna Ayu kI sthiti kama ho jAtI hai| isI sandarbha meM AcArya vidyAnandi kahate haiM "nahyaprAptakAlasya maraNAbhAvaH khaDgaprahArAdimiH maraNasya darzanAt " aprAptakAla arthAt jisakA maraNa kAla nahIM AyA aise jIva kA bhI maraNa hotA hai kyoMki

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 khaDga prahAra Adi se maraNa dekhA jAtA hai| zrI zrutasAgarasUri ne tatvArthavRtti meM akAlamaraNa kI mAnyatA kI puSTi meM kahA hai "anyathAdayAdharmopadezacikitsAzAstra ca vyarthaM syAt" akAlamaraNa ko na mAnane se dayAdharma kA upadeza aura cikitsA zAstra vyartha ho jAyege bhaTTAkalaMkadevane kahA hai "bAhya kAraNoM ke kAraNa Ayu kA hrAsa hotA hai, vaha avavarta hai| avavarta Ayu jinake hai, ve apavarta Ayu vAle haiM aura jinakI Ayu kA apavarta nahIM hotA ve anapavarta Ayu vAle deva nArakI carama zarIrI aura bhoga bhUmiyA jIva haiM, bAhya kAraNoM se inakI Ayu kA apavarta nahIM hotA hai / zastrAdi ke binA saMkleza pariNAmoM yA parizrama Adi ke dvArA bhI Ayu kA hrAsa ho sakatA hai aura vaha bhI kadalIghAta maraNa hai jaise kisI kI Ayu 80 varSa hai vaha 40 varSa kA ho cukA parizrama yA saMkleza ke kAraNa usakI Ayu karma ke niSeka 75 varSa kI sthiti vAle raha gaye, vaha 75 varSa meM maraNa ko prApta hotA hai / to vaha bhI akAlamaraNa hI kahA jAyegA yadi eka antarmuhUrta bhI bhujyamAna Ayu kama hotI hai to vaha akAlamaraNa hI kahalAtA haiM / yaha nizcita hai ki koI bhI jIva AtmaghAta karatA hai, to vaha bhI akAlamaraNa ko prApta hotA hai kintu sabhI apavarta ko prApta hone vAle jAna bUjhakara apavartana nahIM karate hai jaise AhAra nimittoM se rAgAdikarUpa svayaM pariNamana kara jAtA hai usI apavartana ke sambandha jAnanA cAhie / 123 Agama meM yaha bhI ullekha hai ki AgAmI bhava kI Ayu kA bandha ho jAne ke bAda akAlamaraNa nahIM hotA hai| agale bhava kI Ayu kA bandha ho jAne ke bAda bhujyamAna Ayu jinatI zeSa raha gaI hai, usa Ayusthiti ke pUrNa ho jAne para hI jIva kA maraNa hogA usase pUrva nahIM hogA / AcArya vIrasena isI bAta ko kahate haiM- "parabhaviAie baddhe pacchA bhuMjamANa'assa kadalIghAdo NatthijahAsarUveNa ceva vededitti" ( dhavala pR. 10 pR. 237 ) arthAt parabhavasaMbaMdhI Ayu ke baMdhane pazcAt bhujyamAna Ayu kA kadalIghAta nahIM hotA kintu jIva kI jitanI Ayu thI utanI kA hI vedana karatA hai / yaha niyama sabhI jIvoM ke sAtha lAgU hotA hai kintu zAstroM meM kadalIghAta maraNa vAle aura kadalIghAta maraNa

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124 anekAnta 59/3-4 ko prApta na hone vAle jIvoM ke Ayu bandha ke niyama meM antara hai| jina jIvoM kI Ayu kA kadalI ghAta nahIM hotA arthAt jo nirupakramAyuSka jIva haiM, ve apanI bhujyabhAna Ayu meM chaha mAha zeSa rahane para Ayubandha ke antima chahamAsa ke atirikta zeSa bhujyamAna Ayu parabhavika Ayubandha ke binA bIta jAtI hai| eka samaya adhika pUrvakoTi Adi rUpa Age kI saba Ayu asaMkhyAta varSa Ayu vAle manuSya va tiryaJca bhogabhUmiyA hote haiN| asaMkhyAta varSa kI AyuvAle jIvoM kA kadalIghAta maraNa nahIM hotA kyoki ve anapavartya nirupakrama Ayu vAle hote hai| deva nArakI, caramazarIrI aura aMsakhyAtavarSAyuSka (yoga-bhUmiyA) jIvoM kI Aya viSazastra Adi vizeSa bAhya kAraNoM se hrAsa (kama) nahIM hotA isalie ve anapavartya haiN| inakA kAraNa janma se hI vyavasthita hai kintu karmabhUmiyA jIvoM kA maraNa vyavasthita nahIM hai| kyoMki jisa karma bhUmiyA manuSya yA tiryaMca ne agale bhava kI Ayu kA bandha nahIM kiyA hai usakI Ayu kA kSaya bAhya nimitta se ho sakatA hai| akAla maraNa meM bhI Ayukarma ke niSeka apanA phala asamaya meM dekara jhar3ate haiM, binA phala die nahIM jAte haiN| AcArya akalaMka deva tatvArtha sUtra ke dvitIya adhyAya ke 53veM sUtra kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA hai- "Ayu udIraNA meM bhI karma apanA phala dekara hI jhar3ate haiM, ataH kRtanAza kI AzaMkA ucita nahIM hai| jaise gIlA kapar3A phailA dene para jaldI sUkha jAtA hai| aura vahI yadi ikTThA rakhA rahe to sUkhane meM bahuta samaya lagAtA hai, usI prakAra bAhya nimittoM se samaya se pUrva Ayu ke niSeka jhar3a jAte haiM yahI akAla mRtyu hai| paNDita zrI vaMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya isa viSaya meM kucha pRthak kathana karate haiM, unakA kahanA hai kI badhyamAna Ayu meM utkarSaNa apakarSaNa hote hI haiM kintu bhujyamAna sampUrNa AyuoM meM bhI utkarSaNa apakarSaNa karaNa ho sakate haiN| isakA kAraNa hai ki bhujyamAna tiryaJcAyu aura manuSyAyu kI udIraNA sarvasammata hai| bhujyamAna devAyu aura narakAyu kI udIraNA bhI siddhAnta granthoM meM

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anekAnta 59/3-4 batalAyI hai- "saMkamaNA karaNUNA NavakaraNA hoMti savva AUNaM" (go. karmakANDa gA. 441) arthAt eka saMkramaNa karaNa ko chor3akara bAkI ke bandha, utkarSaka, apakarSaNa, udIraNA, satva, udaya, upazAnta nidhatti aura nikAcanA ye nava karaNa sampUrNa AyuoM meM hote haiN| kisI bhI karma kI udIraNA usake udayakAla meM hI hotI hai| kAraNa udIraNA kA lakSaNa "aNNatthaThiyassudaye saMyuhaNamudIraNA hu~ atyi taM" (go. karmakA gA na. 439 )udayAvalibAhyasthitasthitidravyasyApakarSaNavazAdudayAvalyAM nikSepaNamudIraNA khlu| udayAvalI ke dravya se adhika sthiti vAle dravya ko apakarSaNa ke dvArA udayAvalI meM DAla denA udIraNA hai| udayagatakarma ke vartamAna samaya se lekara AvalI paryanta jitane samaya hoM una sabake samUha ko udayAvalI kahA hai| isase yaha nirNaya huA ki karma kI udIraNA usake udayakAla meM hI ho sakatI hai| labdhisAra meM likhA hai| ki "udayANamAvalihmina ca ubhayANaM bAhirammi khivnnttuN| gA. 68 arthAt udayAvalI meM udaya gata prakRtiyoM kA hI kSepaNa hotA hai| udayAvalI ke bAhara udayagata aura anudayagata donoM taraha kI prakRtiyoM kA kSepaNa hotA isase bhI yahI siddha hotA hai ki jisa karma kA udaya hotA haiM usI kA udayAvalI bAhyadravya udayAvalI meM diyA jA sakatA hai| isalie devAyu aura narakAyu kI udIraNA krama se devagati aura narakagati meM hogI anyatra nahIM isase spaSTa hai ki bhujyamAna devAyu aura narakAyu kI bhI udIraNA ho sakatI hai| Upara ke niSekoM kA dravya udayAvalI viSaM denA devAyu aura narakAyu ke sambandha meM udIraNA hai na ki bAhya nimitta se maraNa kA nAma udIraNA hai| sarvajJa ke upadeza dvArA akAlamaraNa siddha ho jAtA haiAyuryasyApi devaH parinAte hitaantke| tasyApi kSIyate sadyo nimittAntarayogataH // 670 - sAra samuccaya

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anekAnta 59 / 3-4 bhaviSya ke bhAgya - jJAtA dvArA kisI ( karmabhUmija) kI Ayu kA hitAnta arthAt - amuka samaya para maraNa hogA, aisA jAna bhI liyA jAve to bhI viparIta nimittoM ke milane para usakI Ayu kA zIghra kSaya ho jAtA hai| 126 jainAcAryo ne sopakramAyuSka (apamRtyu) jIvoM kA vistRta vicAra AcArya zrI umAsvAmI dvArA likhita "aupapAdikacaramottama dehA'saMkhyeyavarSyAyuSo'napavartyAyuSaH " sUtra ke AdhAra para kiyA hai kyoMki isa sUtra meM apavartya (nirupakramAyuSka) jIvoM kA kathana hone se unase pratipakSIya jIvoM kA pratipAdana krama prApta hai / AcArya pUjyapAda ne ukta sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM likhA hai kI aupapadika Adi jIvoM kI Ayu bAhya nimitta se nahIM ghaTatI yaha niyama hai tathA inake atirikta zeSa jIvoM kA aisA koI niyama nahIM hai / yadi kAraNa mileMge to Ayu ghaTegI aura kAraNa na milege to Ayu nahIM ghttegii| bhAskaranandi bhI isI bAta kI puSTi karate haiM ki aupapadika se jo anya saMsArI jIva hai, unakI akAlamRtyu bhI hotI hai" isI krama bhaTTAkalaMkadeva, AcArya vidyAnandi, kalikAla sarvajJa vIrasena Adi sabhI AcAryo ne umAsvAmI dvArA prati pAdita siddhAnta kA samarthana kiyA hai / AcArya umAsvAmI ke paravartI AcAryoM ko akAlamaraNa ke sandarbha meM vizeSa dRSTi milii| unase prApta tadviSaya sambandhI bIja ko pAkara vistAra ke sAtha spaSTa kiyA / isa viSaya meM AcArya umAsvAmI ke avadAna ko nizcita rUpa se sarAhA gayA hai| tabhI to paravartI AcAryo ne isa viSaya ko vizeSa rUpa se pratipAdita kiyA hai| jainAgama kI svatantra dena naya paddhati ke Azraya se bhI ukta viSaya kI siddhi kI gaI hai / aneka paurANika kathanoM para bhI bhujyamAna ke apakarSaNa karaNa kA spaSTIkaraNa ho jAtA hai / laukika udAharaNoM se bhI ise samajhA jA sakatA hai| jaise kisI vyakti ne eka lAlaTena kisI dukAnadAra se rAtabhara jalAne hetu kirAye

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anekAnta 59/3-4 17 para lii| dukAnakAra ne usameM rAta bhara jalatI rahegI itanA paryApta tela bhara diyA aura grAhaka ko kaha diyA kI yaha lAlaTena rAtri bhara jalegI kintu grAhaka ke ghara rAtri 12 baje bujha gaI, usakA meMTala nahIM TUTA aura nahIM va bhabhakI kintu samaya se pUrva bujha gii| dukAnadAra se grAhaka zikAyata karatA hai| dukAnadAra parezAna hotA hai use asamaya meM bujhane kA kAraNa nahIM patA cltaa| jaba vaha sAvadhAnI se dekhatA to lAlaTena ke nIce choTA bArIka surAka pAtA hai aura vaha asayama meM bajhane ke kAraNa ko jAna jAtA hai aisA hI Ayukarma ke sambandha meM haiM aura karmabhUmiyA manuSya tiryaJca apamRtyu ko prApta ho jAtA hai| sabhI pramANoM se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki badhyamAna Aya kI sthiti aura anubhAga meM jisa prakAra apavartana hotA hai| usI prakAra bhujyamAna Ayu kI sthiti aura anubhAga meM bhI apavartana hotA hai| kintu badhyamAna Ayu kI udIraNA nahIM hotI aura bhujyamAna Ayu kI udIraNA hotI hai, jisase akAlamaraNa (apavartana) bhI hotA hai| isameM koI saMzaya/sandeha ko avakAza nahIM hai| vartamAna meM cintanIya hai ki zAstroM meM svakAlamaraNa aura akAlamaraNa donoM vyAkhyAna paDhane ke bAda bhI kucha loga akAlamaraNa kA niSedha kyoM karate haiN| unakA isameM kyA uddezya hai| mujhe to sarvamAnya zAstrIya viSaya ke niSedha meM koI vizeSa prayojana pratIta hotA hai| vaha yaha hai ki loga saMsAra zarIra bhogoM se bhayabhIta na hoM, aura saMyama vrata caritra se dUra rheN| una jaise bhoga vilAsitA meM lipta rahate hue, apane ko dharmAtmA kahalA sakeM yA mAnate rheN| puruSArtha hIna rahate hue svayaM bhogI raheM aura dUsaroM ko bhI apane jaisA banAye rakheM jisase svArtha siddhi meM bAdhA na rhe| sandarbhaH 1. bAhya pratyayavazAdAyuSo haaso'prvtH| bAhyasyopaghAtanimittasyaviSazastrAdeH sati sannidhAne hraso'pavarta ityucyate ete aupapAdikAdaya uktA anapavAyuSAH na hi

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128 anekAnta 59/3-4 teSAmAyuSo bAhyanimittavazAdapavarto 'sti| tattvArthavArtika, bhAga-1, pR. 426 2. akAla mRtyu ke abhAva meM cikitsA Adi kA prayoga kisa prakAra kiyA jAyegA kyoMki duHkha ke pratikAra ke samAna hI akAla mRtyu ke pratikAra ke lie cikitsA Adi kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| zlokavArtika pR. 343 3. NiruvakkamAuA puNa chammAsAvasese AuabaMdha pAoggA hotii| dhavala pu.10 pR. 234 jo nirupakramAyuSka jIva haiM ve apanI bhujyamAna Ayuchaha mAsa zeSa rahane para Ayubandha ke yogya hote haiN| 4. datvaiva phalaM nivatteH nAkRtasya karmaNaH phalamupabhujyate, na ca kRtakarmaphalavinAzaH anirmokSaprasaMgAt dAnAdikriyArambhAbhAvaprasaMgAcca kintu kRtaMkarma karte phalaM dattvaiva nivartate vitatArdrapaTazoSavat ayathAkAla nirvRtaH pAka ityayaM vizeSaH // tatvArtha vArtika 2/53 saMskRta TIkA 5. itareSAmaniyamaH / sarvArthasiddhi 2/53 kI TIkA 6. tebhyo'nye tu saMsAriNaH sAmarthyAdapavAyuSo'pi bhavantiti gmyte| 7. kAlanayena nidAdivAsanusAri pacyamAna sahakAraphalavatsamayA yatra siddhiH akAlanayena kRtribhoSmapacyamAnasahakAraphalavatsamayAnAyatra siddhi|| pra. sAra rIDara-saMskRta vibhAga digambara jaina kAleja bar3auta (u.pra.)

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samIkSA - 'niSkama dIpa zikhA' lekhaka- pa. zrI padmacanda zAstrI, ema.e. jainadarzanazAstrI, veda-vyAkaraNa tIrtha, sampAdaka 'anekAnta' vIra sevA maMdira, dariyAgaMja, dillI sampAdaka - DA. zrI premacanda jaina 'AzA- nilaya', najIbAbAda (u.pra.) saMskaraNa - prathama - 2006, mUlya 20/-, pRSTha saMkhyA-396 prakAzaka- vIra sevA maMdira, 21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-110002 jJAnavRddha, vayovRddha, anupama zrutArAdhaka, jainagama marmajha, prAkRta- saMskRta- apabhraMza prAcya bhASAo ke jJAtA, adbhuta manISI purAnI pIr3hI ke prakANDa paMDita zrI padmacanda jI zAstrI, dillI, dvArA jainAgama ke Aloka me likhita 33 sulekhoM kA suvyasthita saMkalana isa kRti meM hai / vividha viSayo para likhita meM Alekha vibhinna patro me pUrva me prakAzita hue haiM, jinhe suyogya sampAdaka manISI vidvAna DaoN. zrI premacandra jI ne suvyavasthita rIti evaM krama se niyojita kara isa kRti ko AkAra diyA hai| paMDita jI dvArA likhita prastuta Agama sammata vividha viSaya jijJAsu prabuddha pAThako ke lie ekatra sulabha ho gaye hai| yaha pustakAkAra rUpa sakalana DaoN. zrI premacanda jI ke athaka prayAsa kA hI suphala hai| ye Alekha gaveSaNAtmaka va jJAnavarddhaka hai, tathA prAmANika uddharaNoM ke sAtha parizramapUrvaka likhe gaye hai| prAya. sabhI Alekha apane Apa meM pUrNa haiN| kisI eka viSaya ko pUrNata: spaSTa vizleSita / prakAzita karate haiN| AgamAnukUla hai, dizAbodhaka aura preraka haiN| jaina jainetara sabhI vargo ke jijJAsuo ko jaina evaM jainatva ke bhinna-bhinna satya tathyoM kI prAmANika jAnakArI dete hai / ye jijJAsuoM kI jijJAsAoM kA zamana karane meM sakSama, sabhI ke dvArA paThanIya, prabuddha varga dvArA samAdaraNIya jIvanta aitihAsika dastAveja haiN| deza-videza ke pratyeka pustakAlaya, vAcanAlaya, zAstra-bhaMDAra aura jinAlayoM meM AgAmI pIr3hI ko mArgadarzana eva jJAnavardhana hetu sarakSaNIya hai| kAryayojaka zrI rUpacanda jI kaTAriyA, prakAzaka - vIra sevA mandira dillI, ke mahAsaciva zrI subhASacanda jI, sampAdaka DaoN. zrI premacanda jI evaM anya sabhI sahayogI jana isa pustakAkAra kRti ke prakAzana hetu dhanyavAdArha hai| AdaraNIya paMDita jI sA. to adbhuta pAMDitya ke dhanI haiM hii| unake prati hama zraddhAvanata haiN| abhaya kumAra jaina ( pUrva prAcArya) kAnUnI vArDa, bInA 470113 ma. pra.. -

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