Hindusthanni Garibai

Author(s): Gopaldas Jivabhai Patel
Publisher: Gujarat Vidyapith Ahmedabad
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/005195/1

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI [sva. dAdAbhAI navarojIkRta ] saMpAdaka pAladAsa jIvAbhAI paTela

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A mALAnAM anya pustake timiramAM prabhA TaeNTaeNya kRta "The Light Shines in Darkness' nAmanA | nATakanuM zrI kizoralAla mazarUvAlA kRta vezAMtara. " mULa jeTaluM ja rasaprada ane badhaprada. - praoN DolararAya rAvaLa | [ gujarAta sAhitya sabhAnI vArSi ka samIkSAmAMthI ] prAptisthAna : navajIvana kAryAlaya amadAvAda ane muMbaI (2) www.Jainelibrary.org

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AcAya gidavANuM smAraka graMthamAlA-3 sva0 dAdAbhAI navarojIkRta hiMdustAnanI garIbAI saMpAdaka gopAladAsa jIvAbhAI paTela gujarAta vidyApITha amadAvAda

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prakAzaka maganabhAI prabhudAsa desAI, mahAmAtra, gUjarAta vidyApITha, amadAvAda mudraka jIvaNajI DAhyAbhAI desAI navajIvana mudraNAlaya, kALapura, amadAvAda cauda AnA AvRtti pahelI, navembara, 1938 prAptisthAnA navajIvana kAryAlaya, amadAvAda ane muMbaI 2

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paricaya DibIkRta "AbAda hiMdustAna !' pachI babara eka varSe A tene maLatuM sva. dAdAbhAInuM pustaka prasiddha thAya che. ApaNe tyAM aMgrejI amala AvyA pachI dezamAM je navuM arthataMtra jagyuM ne jAmatuM gayuM, teno tAdaza citAra ApanAra tripuTI te maharSi dAdAbhAI, mAnavabhakta aMgreja DibI, ane prakhara vidvAna dezabhakta ramezacaMdra datta. A traNa jaNa hiMdanA arvAcIna arthazAstranA AdyapraNetA samAna gaNAya, ane emaNe je graMtharatno dezane ApyAM che te hiMdanA arthazAstranA pAyArUpa che. temAM DibIno graMtha gujarAtI vAcakane sArarUpe maLI gayA che. A "hiMdustAnanI garIbAI pustaka maharSi dAdAbhAInA aMgrejI graMtha " Poverty and Un-British Rule in India"no sArAnuvAda che. ane vicAra che ke, dattanA be graMthane sArAnuvAda paNa banatI tvarAe A mALAmAM prasiddha karavo. sva. dAdAbhAI no A graMtha 1901mAM prasiddha thaye che. te ja sAlamAM DibIne tathA dattano prathama graMtha prasiddha thayA hatA. paraMtu sva. dAdAbhAInA graMthamAM ane anya be jaNanA graMthamAM eka pharaka che, jene laIne te graMthanI prasiddhi anya be graMthenA karatAM pahelI gaNavI joIe. DibI tathA dattanA graMtho saLaMgasUtra carcA karatA nirUpaNu-graMtho che.

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paraMtu dAdAbhAI ne prastuta graMtha temanAM pUrvanAM lakhANA, vyAkhyAna vagerenA sva-sapAdita saMgrahagraMtha che. te graMthamAM 1876mAM prasiddha karelA peAtAnA 'hiMdustAnanI garIbAI ' e nAmanA nibaMdhathI mAMDIne 1896mAM pAte velmI kamizana AgaLa ApelI jubAnI sudhInuM sAhitya temaNe sadharyuM che. eTale, vAMcatI vakhate vAcaka yAda rAkhe ke, 1876 thI 1896 sudhInI vIsI vaccenAM lakhANAne A saMgraha-graMtha che. A gujarAtI prakAzanane aMge eka prazna kadAca pUchI zakAya ke, gayA saikAnA arthataMtrane cA A graMtha eka peDhIthIya vadhAre samaya vItyA bAda zA kAmane ? ene eka uttara tA spaSTa che ke, varSo para pragaTa thayelA DignInA gujarAtI pustakane gujarAtI Alame je AvakAra ApyA che te batAve che ke, A maulika graMthA ga peDhInI vAta! karavA chatAM Aja paNa AkarSIka banI zake che. vaLI, A graMthAmAM je azAstra cacce che te lUkhA AMkaDA ke sAdAM nAnukasAna mAtra nathI : temAM mAtra nIrasa AyAta nikAsa ke bhAvatAla te krUDI calaNunI vAtA nathI. emAM tA hiMda ane IMgleMDanI prajAe rAjAprajAnA saMbaMdhathI joDAtAM rAjakartA prajAe je mAnavadroha AryAM tene! citAra kheDA karyAM che, ane e khaDA karavA azAstranI madada lIdhI che. hiMdI prajAjanane ema zIkhavavAmAM AvatuM hatuM ke, aMgreja rAjya Avye hiMdanuM sukha vadhyuM che. paNa Aja sau kAI, vagara arthazAstra bhaNye, vAtAvaraNamAMthI ja jANI le che ke, e rAjya taLe ApaNe garIba thatA jaI e chIe. vyApaka jJAnanuM khIja rApanAra A graMtha che, ema kahIe te gayA jamAnAnA A

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khoTuM nahi. uparathI rUDArUpALA lAgatA A rAjyamAM ApaNe te ghavAtA jaIe chIe, ane ema je cAlyA karaze to peLI pUNa jevA thaI jatAM vAra nahi lAge --- A ghoSaNA prathama dAdAbhAI e karI. e zeAdha emaNe 1876mAM jagata AgaLa eka nibaMdharUpe mUkI. tethI vilAyatanA ApaNA aMgreja rAjakartAo coMkyA, ne svAbhAvika rIte tene jUThI karAvavA maMDI paDyA. dAdAbhAInA moTA graMthano lagabhaga ce bhAga potAnA vidhAnanA bacAvamAM aMgreja AkSepakene temaNe ApelA radiyAne che. ' te ja vidhAnane DigbI ane datte temanA samartha graMthothI svataMtra rIte puravAra karyuM. tyAra pachI hiMdanI AbAdInI vAta karanArA to baMdha ja thayA che. eTale, A graMtha kaoNlejanA koI sAmAnya pAThayapustaka tarIke ke "othAriye haDakavA lAgavAthI lakhAyela nathI. dezadAjhanI sAcI kaLakaLamAMthI eno janma che; tethI temAM anyAya sAme ukaLATanI sAthe karuNanuM sanAtana rasabIja raheluM che. eka rIte kahI zakAya ke, dAdAbhAIne A graMtha hiMda-IgleMDanA saMbaMdhamAM eka krAMtikArI vicAra janmAvanAra nIvaDaLyo che. A graMthane je koI TUMkuM nAma ApavuM hoya to te "svarAjanuM vakIlAtanAmuM" che. ane emAM eka asahakAra ne svadezIno vicAra umerIe to Aja paNa ApaNe A graMthanI mULa vastuthI AgaLa nathI vadhyA ema kabUla karavuM joIe. eTale, navAI to e gaNAya ke, Avo graMtha ApaNI bhASAmAM ATalo moDe Utare che !

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samaya vartIne eka sudhAre Avazyaka hato. A graMcane Akho ne Akhe gujarAtImAM utAravAnuM barAbara na thAya : ema karavAnI jarUra paNa nathI. eTale, upara kahelA rasabIjane sAcavIne sAra kADhI Apavo e ja Avazyaka ane upAgI che. e kAmane mATe bhAI gepALadAsa kasAyelA hAthavALA gaNAya. temaNe mULa moTA kadanAM ne jhINuM akSaranAM lagabhaga 675 pAnano sAra mAtra 200 ane teya nAnA kadanAM pAnAMmAM ApI dIdhuM che, e vAcakane mATe umadA savaDa kahevAya. saLaMga vAMcIe te paNa majA paDe evI enI pravAhitA che. lUkhA AMkaDA ApyA che; paNa te eka duHkhakathA kahetA hAI karuNapracura banI jAya che ne tethI vAcakane kaThatA nathI. pustakane aMte, zrI. nagInadAsa pArekhe taiyAra kareluM sva. dAdAbhAInuM TUMkuM jIvanacarita jeDIne graMthanI upayogitA vadhAravAmAM AvI che, e paNa AvakArapAtra che. DimbInuM ane A be arthazAstranAM pustake gujarAtImAM utAravAthI vAcaka e paNa joI zakaze ke, temanI aMgrejI paribhASAne anuvAdaka sAdA lAgatA zabdo dvArA, kazI liSTatA vagara, kevI sahajatAthI pahoMcI vaLI zakayA che. AzA che ke A pustaka paNa DibInA graMtha peThe AvakAra pAmaze. gUjarAta vidyApITha maganabhAI desAI 19-11-'38

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anukramaNikA khaMDa 1 le paricaya . maMDANa 2. hiMdustAnanI garIbAI 3. hiMdustAnanA Arthika srAva 4. karaverAne kho 5. esatA jatA bhAvA 6. seAnuMcAMdI 7, relave vagere AMdhakAme * 8. vacanabha'ga 9. hiMdI vajIranI kucerIne javAba-1 10. hiMdI vajIranI kacerIne javAmara 11. kharcanI nyAyya phALavaNI 12. calaNa ane hUMDiyAmaNa 13. upAya khaDago sva. dAdAbhAInuM jIvanacaritra [nagInadAsa pArekha ] 3 12 23 3 13 17 63 71 ta 17 135 para 169 195

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI

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1 maDANa tene A pustakanuM nAma 'hiMdustAnanI garIbAI ane geraaMgrejI rAjya:' che. atha e che ke, hiMdustAnanuM atyAranuM aMgrejI rAjyataMtra hiMdIe! mATe julamI ane vinAzaka che; tathA aMgrejo mATe temane na chAje tevuM tathA temanAM ja hitAne bagADanAruM che. tethI UlaTu, hiMdustAnamAM jo sAcuM aMgrejI rAjya calAvavAmAM Ave, te te briTana tema ja hiMdustAna baMnene hitakara nIvaDe tema che. atyAranA aMgrejI rAjyataMtranA deSA viSe lakhatA pahelAM, briTanane pAtAnI mahattA ane samRddhi mATe hiMdustAnanI keTalI agatya che, te tarapha huM badhAnuM lakSa kheMcavA mAgu chuM. lorDa karjhana vAIsaroya tarIke hidustAna AvyA tyAra pahelAM temaNe e traNa vAra e bALata viSe khUba bhArapUrvaka ullekhA karyo che. temaNe kahyuM hatuM : "hiMdustAna te! ApaNA sAmrAjyanuM

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI AdhAbiMdu che. ApaNA sAmrAjyanA Andre kAI bhAga cAlyeA Aya, te ApaNe TakI zakIe; paraMtu ApaNe hiMdustAna kheyuM, te ApaNA sAmrAjyane sU AthamyA jANavA."1 ca laoNDa robarTsa paNa laMDananA vyApArI maMDaLa AgaLa meAlatAM jaNAvyuM che ke, " iMglaMDanI mahattA ane samRddhine mATe ApaNuM haMdustAnanuM sAmrAjya TakAvI rAkhavuM khAsa agatyanuM che."re paraMtu, enAthI paNa vadhu bhArapUrvaka temaNe je bIjI agatyanI vAta jaNAvI hatI te e hatI 6, ApaNuM hiMdustAnanuM lazkara game teTaluM susajjita haze,-~~ are, te mUrtimata saMpUrNatA haze -- tema ja tenI saMkhyA atyAra karatAM keTalIya meATI haze, tApaNa ApaNuM meDhAmAM meTuM baLa tA, haMmezAM, ApaNA rAjyathI saMtuSTa ane ApaNI sAthe sadbhAvanA saMbadhathI baMdhAyelI hiMdustAnanI prajA ja raheze. ' 46 27 Ama chatAM aMgrejI kRmata heThaLa hiMdustAnamAM vastutAe zarUAtathI pharI sthiti pravartatI AvI che, tenA namUnA nIcenA utArAe uparathI maLI raheze : IsTa IMDiyA kaMpanInA DirekTaronA maMDaLe I. sa. 1764 thI I. sa. 1767nA gALAmAM lakhelA kharItAomAM vAravAra jaNAvyuM che : "AkhA dezamAM dareka aMgreja peAtAnI duSa sattA vAparIne asahAya hiMdIene chUMde che. ApaNA. 1. TAImsa ', 3-12-1898, 2. 'TAImsa', 29-7-1896. *

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maMDANa nAkaromAM vyApelA saDA ane khAudharApaNAne lIdhe tyAM pravartI rahelI dayAjanaka sthitinuM amane pUrepUruM bhAna che. . . . kaI jamAnAmAM ke koI paNa dezamAM kadI jANavAmAM na AvelA evA atyAcAra ane julame tyAM cAlI "amAre umeravuM joIe ke, mulakI vepAramAM aMgrejoe meLaveluM aDhaLaka dhana bhAremAM bhAre atyAcAra ane julamathI meLavyuM che.' lorDa kalAIva I. sa. 176 5nA arasAmAM lakhelA kAgaLamAM DirekaTaronA maMDaLane jaNAvyuM che : "atyAre ahIM je aMdhAdhUMdhI cAlI rahI che, tenuM kAraNa zuM che? tenuM kAraNa bIjuM kAMI ja nathI, paraMtu ahIMnA aMgrejonuM khAudharApaNuM; bhogavilAsa, ane je saMpatti thoDAkane ja maLI zake ke maLavI joIe, te meLavavAnI nAnAthI mAMDIne moTA sudhI tamAmanI tamannA..... e to samajI zakAya tevuM che ke, eka bAju dhananI amaryAda tRSNA hoya, ane bIjI bAju tene pUrI karavAnI tamAma sagavaDo ane sattA hoya, to tene satvara lAbha levAya ja. sAmAnya lAMca ruzvatathI jyAM pitAnI bhUkha zame tevuM na hoya, tyAM baLAtkArane ja Azare levAya. meTA amaladAro e bAbatamAM je dAkhale pUre pADe tenuM ja anukaraNa halakA nokaro paNa ochAvattA pramANamAM kare. pariNAme, e cepa mulakI nokara, lazkarI -nokaro, kArakuna, nAnA nAnA kaptAno ane svataMtra vepArIo ema sarvatra vyApI gayo che."

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI meMkolee A vastusthitine upasaMhAra karatAM jaNAvyuM che : "bicArA baMgALIono aMgrejo sAmeno virodha, e to gheTAMnA varuo sAmenA virodha jevo, ke manuSyanA pizAce. sAmenA virodha jevo hato...kaMpanInA dareka aMgreja nekaranuM kAma, dezIo pAsethI jema bane tema jaladI lAkha ke be lAkha pAuMDa kema karIne ekaThA karI levA, e ja mAtra hatuM." kamanasIbe hiMdustAna ane briTananA saMbaMdhanI zarUAta A pramANe lobha ane atyAcArathI thaI ane durbhAgye e ja vastusthiti Aje paNa sUkSma rIte tema ja judA judA DhAMkapichoDAo heThaLa kAyama rahI che, tathA hiMdustAnanI garIbAI tathA pAyamAlInuM mukhya kAraNa banI che. atyAre to te lUMTanuM pramANa vArSika 30,000,000 pAuMDa jeTaluM thayuM che; jyAre gayA saikAnI zarUAtamAM to te vArSika 3,000,000 pAuMDa jeTaluM ja, ane khAnagI AvakanI rakama umerIe to vArSika 5,000,000 pAuMDa jeTaluM ja - eTale ke atyAre che teno chaThTho bhAga ja --- hatuM. mi. meMgemarI mArTine baMgALa ane bihAranA. keTalAka prAMtinI I. sa. 1807-14 daramyAna karavAmAM AvelI bArIka tapAsanAM "IDiyA hAusa' mAM paDelAM kAgaLiyAMne abhyAsa karIne, I. sa. 1835mAM lakhelA potAnA pustakamAM jaNAvyuM che : "briTiza hiMdustAnamAMthI dara varSe vahete 30 lAkha pAuMDane dhodha bAra TakAnA cakravRddhi vyAje 30 varSamAM 72 1. "IsTana iDiyA."

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maMDANa karoDa 39 lAkha pAuMDane banyuM che......A satata cAlu raheto ane ekaTho thato jato dhodha iMglaMDa jevA dezane paNa thoDI vAramAM kaMgALa banAvI de. to pachI hiMdustAna je deza, ke jyAM majUrIno dara rojanA be ke traNa pensa eTale che, tenA upara e dhodhanI kavI mAThI asara thAya te vicAravA jevuM che." e dhodha vadhIne have te dara varSe traNa kareDa pAuMDano bane che ane temAM vepAradhaMdhAnI bIjI Avaka umerIe to vArSika cAra ke pAMca karoDa pAuDa jeTalo thayela che. tenuM pariNAma dukALo, plega, pAyamAlI ane kaMgAliyatamAM na Ave, to bIjuM zuM thAya? mile pitAnA "hiMdustAnanA itihAsamAM e viSe lakhatAM jaNAvyuM che ke, "e vastu, dezanI sAdhanasaMpattimAMthI bahAra cAlyA jatA ane dezane kaMgALa banAvI mUkatA dharUpa che, ke jenA badalAmAM dezane kazuM ja vaLatara pAchuM nathI maLatuM. dezane hunnaraudyoganI dhorI nasamAMthI cusAI jatA e jIvanapravAhanI beTa, bIjA game tevA piSaNathI paNa pUrI na zakAya." sara jyorja vigeTe I. sa. 1859bhAM bolatAM jaNAvyuM che ke, "dezamAMthI ugharAvelA kara dezamAM ja vaparAya tenI asara, dezamAMthI ugharAvelA kara bIjA dezamAM vaparAya tenA karatAM taddana judI ja thAya. pahelA dAkhalAmAM to prajA pAsethI ugharAvelA kara dezanA udyogahunarane ja bIje rUpe pAchaLa maLe che; paraMtu bIjA dAkhalAmAM to te rakama haMmezane 1. pu. 1, pAna 67ii.

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI mATe dezamAMthI nAbUda thaI-are. dariyAmAM padharAvI - ema ja kahevuM joIe... ApaNe A prakAranI khaMDaNI lAMbA vakhatathI hiMdustAnamAMthI paDAvatA AvyA chIe... tenI asara hiMdustAna upara kevI ghAtakI ane vinAzaka thAya che, te have samajI zakAze. te khaMDaNIne ApaNe nyAyanAM trAjavAMe teLI joIe, ke ApaNuM pitAnA svArthanI daSTie tapAsIe, topaNa te mAnavatA, vyAvahArika DahApaNa ke arthazAstranA sarvamAnya siddhAMtathI paNa UlaTI mAlUma paDaze." hiMdI vajIra lorDa selIsabarIe I. sa. 1875) pitAnA kharItAmAM jaNAvyuM hatuM ke, "hiMdustAnanA dAkhalAmAM, ke jyAM mahesUlanI rakamane meTo bhAga kAMI paNa sIdhA badalA vinA paradeza cAlyA jAya che, tyAM te nukasAnanuM pramANa vaLI moTuM banI jAya che. je hiMdustAnane cUsavuM ja hoya, te je bhAgamAM lohI vadhAre hoya ke pUratuM hoya, tyAM ja ApaNI naLI khesavI joIe; ane nahIM ke je bhAge (eTale ke kheDUtavarganA loke) tenI achatane lIdhe agAuthI ja nabaLA paDI gayelA hoya." A vAkya te ra6 varSa pUrve uccArAyeluM che. have to je bhAge vadhAre ke pUratA lehIvALA gaNAtA hatA, te paNa varSovarSa naLI lAgatI rahevAthI cusAIne nabaLA banatA gayA che; ane lehInI achata'vALo kheDUta varga te e khAlI thaI gayo che ke, atyAranA jevA dukALo ane prego tene mATI bhege ja karI mUke che.

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maMDANu paraMtu, vAta ATalethI ja pUrI thatI nathI. briTananuM hiMdI sAmrAjya UbhuM karavAmAM, ke tene vistAravAmAM, tathA TakAvI rAkhavAmAM jeTalI laDAI e laDAI che ke laDAya chaeN, te badhI ja mukhyatve hiMdIenA lehIthI laDavAmAM AvI che; eTaluM ja nahIM paNa ( thADA najIvA apavAdo sivAya ) temAM kharacAyelI dareka pAI paNa hiMdIe pAsethI ja paDAvavAmAM AvI che; briTane to phUTI badAma paNa kharacI nathI. hiMdustAnanA leAkeAne hiMdustAnanI mahesUlamAMthI eka paisA paNa khavAnI. 6 peAtAnuM rAjataMtra yeAgya rIte calAvavAmAM Ave te mATe avAja uDAvavAnI lezamAtra sattA nathI. sarakAranI sattAe taddana manasvI ane julamI che; tema ja te sarakAra paradezI tathA cusiyA haiAvAyI, dezane niceAvI nAkhanArI tathA pAyamAla karanArI nIvaDI che. 66 dezane saraoNna mAlkame kahyuM che : hiMdustAnanA itihAsa jotAM ke duniyAnA kAI paNa itihAsa jotAM ema jarAya nathI lAgatuM ke, dezanA vatanIene meTA darajjAnI ke pratiSThAnI dareka padavImAMthI bAtala rAkhIne ApaNe ApaNuM sAmrAjye lAMbe vakhata TakAvI rAkhI zakIe. hiMdIemAM ApaNe jJAnanA je pracAra karIe chIe, tene upayAga jo ApaNe ja nahIM karI laIe. teA tenA upayAga ApaNI sAme ja thaze e nakkI che." cUka eNka DevanazAyare batAvI " hiMdustAnanA leoNkAne keLavaNI ApavI; sudhAre, prati ane sAhitya dAkhala ApyuM hatuM ke, temanAmAM ApaNA karavAM; ane sAthe sAthe ja temane kahevuM ke, temanA yurApIya rAjakartAone sauthI

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10. hiMdustAnanI garIbAI prathama hAMkI kADhayA vinA temane temanA dezanA rAjataMtramAM kAMI ja bhAga ke hisso meLavavAnI taka kadI maLavAnI nathI, emAM DahApaNa zuM che te ja mane samajAtuM nathI." ane chatAM, I. sa. 1833mAM pArlamenTe jyAre hiMdIone dharma, janmasthAna, jAti ke te badhAMne kAraNe koI paNa nokarI ke padavImAMthI bAtala nahIM rAkhavAno TharAva karyo, tyAre hiMdI sarakAre teno amala, lorDa lITananA zabdomAM, 'teno amala na karavA paMDe tevA upAyo yojIne' ja karyo. temaNe uparAMtamAM umeryuM che , " ApaNe kAM te hiMdIone nokarIomAM levAnI manA karavI joIe, athavA to temane chetaravA joIe. ApaNe te bemAMthI eAchAmAM ochA pramANika evo bIjo bhArga ja lIdho . . . . iMglaMDanI tema ja hiMdI sarakAranI upara kAI evo Aropa mUke, ke temaNe kAnane saMbhaLAvavA je vacano uccAryA hatAM, temane bhaMga karavA mATe zakya teTalA tamAma upAyo lIdhA che, to teno teo Aja sudhI kazo ja javAba ApI zake tema nathI." bhAre A pustaka lakhavAne hetu aMgreja lokonA mana upara eka ja vAta ThasAvavAno che ke, atyAranA apramANika ane sagRhasthane na chAje tevA gera-aMgrejI rAjataMtrathI hindustAnanA sAmrAjyanA bhUkA urADI mUkavAne badale, je teo pitAnuM kartavyabhAna jAgRta karI, pote ApelAM gaMbhIra vacanone pramANika ane kharA dilathI amala kare, te atyAre kalpI paNa na zakAya teTaluM mahAna ane ujajavaLa bhAvI briTana tema ja hindustAna baMnene mATe niyuM che..

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sahANu 11. mi. jaoNna brAITe sAcuM ja kahyuM che ke, IMgleMDanuM hita hindustAnanA hitane mAge ja Avaze. hindustAna sAthenA sabaMdhamAMthI kAMI paNu lAbha meLavavAnA ApaNe mATe mAtra e rastA cheH eka tA tyAMnA kAne lUTIne; ane bIjo temanI sAthe vepAra karIne. huM e bIjo rastA ja pasaMda karuM chuM. paraMtu, tema karavA mATe te, pahelAM ApaNe hindustAnane ja samRddha thavA devuM joI e.'' atyAra sudhI te! IMgleMDa pahelA rastA ja judI judI rIte akhatyAra karIne keTaleka aMze samRddha banyuM che. paraMtu, mArI icchA ane mAnyatA che ke, hiMdustAna sAthe nyAyathI ane mAnabharI rIte vartIne iMgleDa atyArathI paNa keTalAyagaNuM vadhAre samRddha thaI zake tema che, e rIte vartavAthI iMglaMDa. hiMdustAnane tema ja peAtAne paNa lAbhajanaka thaze. eTaluM ja nahIM, paNu AkhI manuSyajAtane paNa dAkhalAkha. tathA AzIrvAdarUpa nIvaDaze, 46

Page #22
hiMdustAnanI garIbAI * A tema ja pachInAM prakaraNamAM huM zarUAtamAM jaNAvelI vastune ja vigatavAra rajU karavA icchuM chuM ane batAvI ApavA mAguM chuM ke, atyAranA aMgrejI rAjataMtra heThaLa hiMdustAna gaMbhIra rIte pAyamAla thaI rahyuM che, tema ja hIna kaMgAliyatamAM DUbI rahyuM che. mArA namra abhiprAya mujaba e vastu ja Aje hiMdustAnanA mukhya prazna che; athavA kaho ke ekamAtra mahattvano prazna che. huM mArI mAnyatAmAM sAce chuM ke khoTo chuM, e to mAre je kahevAnuM che te jANyA pachI ja nakkI karI zakAze. jo sAce TharIza, te meM eka vaphAdAra prajAjana tarIke rAjakartAonA mana upara A gaMbhIra praznanuM tatkALa nirAkaraNa karavAnI agatya ThasAvavAnI mArI pharaja adA karI haze; tema ja je huM beTe karIza,

Page #23
hiMdustAnanI garIbAI te paNa tenAthI huM pote ja sauthI vadhAre rAjI thaIza. kAraNa ke tyAre paNa meM mArI pharaja adA karI haze ane rAjakartAo viSe eka gaMbhIra prakAranI khoTI lAgaNa mArA tema ja bIjAonA manamAMthI dUra karI haze. I. sa. 1870nA julAI mAsamAM "IsTa inDiyA esosiyezana' AgaLa rajU karelA 'hiMdustAnanI jarUriyAto ane tenAM sAdhana' nAmanA nibaMdhamAM meM eka jADo aMdAja tAravyo hato ane jaNAvyuM hatuM ke, hiMdustAnanA lokonI vArSika pedAza mAthAdITha 27 ziliMganI che. pachIthI amuka gaNatarIomAM vadhAre karIne, meM mAthAdITha vArSika pedAza 40 ziliMganI jaNAvI hatI. tyAra bAda meM bane teTalA vadhu sarakArI AMkaDAo meLavIne e gaNatarI vadhu cekasa karavAne prayatna karyo che. A prakaraNamAM huM te ja vastu rajU karuM chuM. hiMdI sarakArane dara varSe hiMdustAnanI Arthika ane naitika pragati ahevAla briTiza pArlAmenTa AgaLa rajU karavA paDe che. tene mATe joItA AMkaDA ekaThA karavA kalakattAmAM eka kamiTI nImavAmAM AvI che. A kamiTIe amuka prakAranAM patrako taiyAra karI dareka ilAkAnI sarakArane temAM jaNAvelI vigate bharI mekalavA mATe mokalyAM hoya che. paraMtu, madhyaprAMti ane brahmadeza e be prAMto sivAya koI prAMtanAM patrake pUrepUrAM bharelAM hatAM nathI. madrAsa, vAyavya prAMta, paMjAba ane ayodhyAnAM patrako adhUrAM ja hoya che. baMgALa ane muMbaI e be prAMto to I. sa. 1869-170 sudhI kazuM ja bharI mokalatA nahi. e ahevAlomAMthI je

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI mAhitI mane na maLI zakI, tene mATe meM IDiyA ophisa pAse mAgaNI karI. paraMtu, temaNe svAbhAvika rIte ja javAba Apyo ke, je mAhitI temane hiMdustAnamAMthI ja nathI maLI, te teo ApI zake tema nathI. AthI bhAre mArI gaNatarIe ghaNuM muzkelIo vacce taiyAra karavI paDI che. vaLI je mAhitI judA judA prAMtanI sarakAra Ape che, te paNa khetI hoya che. tene eka ja dAkhalo ApuM. madhyaprAMtonI sarakAre anAjanA bhAvonI sarerAza kADhavA mATe judA judA jillAonA bhAva ekaThA karI, temane jillAonI saMkhyA vaDe bhAgI nAkhyA che. paraMtu dareka jillAmAM keTalo pAka thayo hato, ane te pAkano bhAva keTalo hato te bAbatane gaNatarImAM lIdhI ja nathI. uparAMta ekaradITha pedAzanI sarerAza kADhatI vakhate paNa keTalI keTalI jamInamAM keTalo keTalo pAka thAya che te bAbata paNa gaNatarImAM lIdhI nathI. AvI rIte taiyAra karelI gaNatarIo upara racelI badhI dalIla ane bAMdhelA nirNa beTA ja hoya emAM navAI nathI. dAkhalA tarIke, I. sa. 186 7-8nA madhyaprAMtonA ahevAlamAM cokhAno sarerAza bhAva maNanA rU. 2-12-7 pAI jaNAvyuM che. paraMtu, meM upara jaNAvelI rIte barAbara gaNatarI karI joI to tenI sarerAza maNano doDha rUpiye ja AvI ! AvI gaNatarIo uparathI tAravelA nirNanI zI kiMmata che, te have samajI zakAze. hiMdustAnamAM ATalAM ATalAM meTAM ane kharcALa sarakArI khAtAM hevA chatAM pUratI ke sAcI mAhitI na maLe, e sAce ja dayAjanaka sthiti che. AvI agatyanI bAbatamAM 'huM dhAruM

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI chuM', ke "mArA mAnavA pramANe - ema kahevuM kAMI kAma na Ave. mArI pAse sarakAra jeTalA mANase ke vigate taiyAra karavAnI sagavaDa nathI; je kAMI mAhitI sarakArI daphataromAMthI maLI che, te paNa adhUrI ke khAmIbharelI che. evI sAdhanasAmagrIthI kAma karatAM bahu sAvaceta rahevuM paDe te samajAya tevuM che. eTale meM bane tyAM lagI dareka bAbatamAM surakSita bAjue ja DhaLatA rahevAnI kALajI rAkhI che; ane badhA hisAbemAM e rIte vadhAre paDatI chUTachATa rAkhI che. meM mArI gaNatarIo nIcenI paddhatie taiyAra karI che : dareka prAMtanI eka ke be mukhya pedAzanI cIjone ja meM AkhA prAMtanI kula pedAza tarIke gaNe lIdhI che. dareka nAnI moTI pedAzanA AMkaDA taiyAra karavA e to mArI zakti ke zakayatAnI bahAranI vAta che. pachI meM dareka prAMtanI khetInA kula ekara tathA ekaradITha pedAza ane tene bhAva laI kula pedAza tathA tenI kiMmata taiyAra karI che. tene pariNAme jaNAya che ke,* judA judA prAMtamAM khetInI mAthAdITha pedAza A pramANe che: * mULa graMthamAM A pachI dareka prAMtanI kheDANa jamIna, tenI ekaradITha pedAza, kula pedAza, tenA bhAva ane kula kiMmata - e pramANe vigatavAra hisAbe ApyA che. te vakhate jyAre te rItanA sarakArI ArDa maLatA ja na hatA, tyAre temanI agatya vizeSa hatI; have to dara varSe sarakAra ja tevA vigatavAra AMkaDA taiyAra kare che; eTale te badhI vigate ahIM utArI nathI.

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13 prAMta madhyaprAMta paMjAma vAyavyaprAMtA baMgALa mAsa muMbaI ayeAdhyA kula hiMdustAnanI garIbAI vastI kheDANa jamInanI pedAza : pAuMDa 16,000,000 9,000,000 36,000,000 17,500,000 40,000,000 30,000,000 9,000,000 67,500,000 36,000,000 26,500,000 40,000,000 11,000,000 13,000,000 9,000,000 277,000,000 170,100,000 mANasa dITha pedAza : rUpiyA 18 1 14 15 14 OM OM sAmAnya rIte sArA gaNI zakAya tevA varSa daramyAna briTiza hiMdustAnanI khetInI kula pedAza A pramANe che. AmAM meM ghAsa-cArAnI jamInanI pedAza, ke pULA ane kaDabanI kiMmata umerI lIdhI nathI; kAraNa ke, khetInA kAmamAM levAtAM prANIe ke khIjA DhAra e dhAsacArAnI kula pedAza khAI jAya che, eTaluM ja nahi paNa kheDANa jamInanI dANA vagerenI pedAzamAMthI paNa thADAghaNA uparanI 277,000,000 pAuMDanI kula varSanA A peTe mAtra cha TakA bAda karIe 16 gaNuM pakave che ema mAnI laI e ~~~ te sArA varasa daramyAna dezanI vastIne AkhA varSanA nirvAha mATe 260,000,000 pAuMDanI pedAza vAparavA mATe rahe. joka, sarakAra ceAkkasa AMkaDA taiyAra kare, teA uparanA AMkaDAthI ghaNA echA AMkaDA ja nIkaLe, ema mAruM cokkasa mAnavuM bhAga paDAve che. pedAzamAMthI khA -eTale - jamIna che. 34

Page #27
hiMdustAnanI garIbAI uparanI khetInI pedAzamAM have DhoraDhAMkharanI Avaka, udyogahunnaranI Avaka, aphINanI Avaka, kolasAnI ane bIjI khANanI Avaka, tathA paradeza sAthenA vepAranA naphAnI Avaka umeravI joIe. mIThuM, kelasA, aphINa ane vepAranA naphA peTe huM 17,000,000 pAuMDa umeruM chuM. udyogahunnara ane DhoraDhAMkharanI Avaka nakakI karavA mArI pAse koI ja vigato nathI. paMjAba prAMta, ke jyAM zAla, rezama vagerenA hunnare che, tyAM badhAM kArakhAnAMnI kula pedAza sarakArI ahevAlamAM 3,774,000 pAuMDa mUkI che. temAMthI kAcA mAlanI kiMmata bAda karavI joIe. pachI je rakama rahe. tene te prAMtanA bIjA badhA bAkInA hunnara udyogonI pedAza umeravA mATe bamaNuM karI laIe, to pUratI thaI raheze emAM zaMkA nathI. e rIte gaNatAM paMjAbanI hunnaraudyoganI Avaka 2,000,000, pAunDa gaNAya. hindustAnanA bIjA bhAgamAM koI khAsa hunnaraudyoga nathI. * briTiza hindustAnanI kula vastI paMjAba karatAM lagabhaga daza gaNI che. eTale AkhA hiMdustAnanI hunnaraudyoganI Avaka 15,000,000 pAuMDa gaNIe, te bhUla thavAno saMbhava nahIM rahe. madhyaprAMtonI hunnara-udyoganI kula pedAza sarakArI ahevAlamAM I. sa. 1870-1nA varSa mATe 1,850,000 pAuMDa mUkI che. tyAM koI khAsa kImatI hunnara-udyogo to che nahIM. eTale kAcA mAlanI kiMmata bAda karatAM 90lAkhanI vastI paTe hunnara-udyoganI kula Avaka 850,000 pAuMDa gaNAya. e * A kathana I. sa. 1876nI sAlane mATe che.

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI pramANamAM AkhA hindustAnanI Avaka gaNue, to 17,000,000 pAuMDa thAya. DhoraDhAMkhara ke mAchalI vagerenI pedAza keTalI gaNavI te mane samajAtuM nathI. sarakAra te AMkaDA pUrA na pADe tyAM sudhI ApaNI pAse te nakkI karavAnuM bIjuM kazuM sAdhana nathI. ApaNe aMdAjathI tenI rakama 15,000,000 pAuMDa mUkIe. e badhuM umeratAM kula rakama 307,000,000 pAuMDa thAya che. temAM bIjI koI rahI jatI vigato peTe 30,000,000 pAuMDa umerIe, to 170,000,000nI briTiza hiMdustAnanI kula vastI mATe sArA varSanI kula Avaka 340,000,000 pAuMDa, athavA to mAthAdITha 40, ziliMga thaI paraMtu vAraMvAra kharAba nIvaDatAM varSo gaNatarImAM laIe, to mAthAdITha Avaka 30 ziliMga paNa na Ave. upara khetInI kula pedAzamAM bIjI Avaka peTe ApaNe je kula 63,000,000 pAuMDa vadhAryA, te vastInA pramANamAM judA judA prAMtomAM vaheMcI daIe, ane pachI dareka prAMtanI khetInI tema ja bIjI Avaka bhegI karI mAthAdITha kula Avaka tAravIe, to nIce pramANe Ave : prAMta mAthAdITha kula pedAza prAMta mAthAdITha kula pedAza madhyaprAMta zi. 43-5 pensa madrAsa zi. 35-5 pensa paMjAba zi. 49-5 ,, muMbaI zi. 79- , vAyavya prAMta zi. 35-5 ,, ayodhyA zi. 35-5 ,, baMgALa zi. 37-5 ,, sarerAza 40 ziliMga.

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI . have, ApaNe samAjamAM rahetA manuSya prANIne sazakta temaja sughaDa rahevA mATe ochAmAM ochI keTalI jarUriyAto hoI zake, teno vicAra karIe. meM pedAzanA AMkaDAo gaNavAmAM mukhyatve I.sa. 1857-8nuM varSa svIkAryuM che; eTale kharcane AMkaDe karavAmAM paNa te ja varSa cAlu rAkhIza. paradeza jatA vasAhatIonA sarakArI meDIkala InspekaTara sarjana esa. bI. paTrIja, vahANanI musApharI daramyAna paradeza jatA majUrone beThAbeTha nIce pramANe piSaNa Avazyaka che. ema karAve che: cokhA sAthene barAka loTa sAthe khorAka cekhA 20.0 auMsa 16.0 Asa dAla maTana 2.5 , bhaTana 2.5 : zAka 4.27 ,, zika 4.27 , 1.0 vaghAranuM tela 0.5 vaghAranuM tela 0.5 , mIThuM 1.0 mIThuM 1.0 ,, kula 35.27 kula 297 - AmAM yAda rAkhavAnuM ke, A pramANa to cA-khAMDa ke bIjI koI paNa svAdanI cIjo vinAnuM, vahANamAM kAMI leTa dAla 1.5 * tAjuM nahIM, paNa bhareluM.

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20 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI kAma vinA besI rahetA paradeza jatA majUronAM zarIra TakAvI rAkhavA mATenuM ja che. A vastuonI I. sa. 186 -8nA amadAvAdanA bhAvee kiMmata gaNue, to mahine rU. pa-ra-10 eTale ke varasa dahADe rU. 6ra-2 AnA thAya. " mi. kAjhI zAhabuddIne, muMbaI ilAkAnA khetInuM kAma karatA sAmAnya majUrane ochAmAM ochuM vArSika keTaluM khAdhAkharca Ave, te nIce pramANe jaNAvyuM che : - rU. A. 28-8 rojanA 1 zera cekhA mIThuM 0 zera dAla zAka tela maracuM ke athANuM tamAku mi. zAhabuddIne uparAMtamAM kapaDAMnuM kharca dara varSe rU. 8-ra-0 jaNAvyuM che; ane makAnanuM kharca kuTuMbanA mANasa dITha vArSika traNa rUpiyA gaNyuM che. .. muMbaInA "prAIsa kamizana'nA ahevAlamAM pUnA jillAnA halakAmAM halakA sarakArI nokaranI jarUriyAta nIce pramANe jaNavI che :

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21 hiM stAnanI garIbAI cIjanuM nAma mahine pramANa I.sa. 1863nA bhAve kiMmata cekhA 12 zera rU. 1-8 AjarI rU. 1-4 tuveranI dALa rU. 0-12 % ja che e 0-10 : : : 4 : tela baLataNa 0-1 masAlo maracAM dUdha pAna 0-8 rU. 6-11-0 eTale ke varSe dahADe rU. 80-4-0. dezanA judA judA bhAgomAM jelanuM mAthAdITha kharca nIce pramANe che. paraMtu jelamAM banatA sudhI moTI uMmaranAM mANaso ja hoya, ane sAmAnya kuTuMbamAM to bALaka paNa hoya. jemanI gaNatarI vasatIpatrakamAM thaI gaI hoya. eTale dara traNa mANase bAra varSa nIcenuM eka bALaka gaNIe; ane e bALakomAMthI ardhAnuM ja kAMI kharca Ave che ema mAnIe, to hisAbe ema Ave ke jelanAM traNa mANasonuM kharca te bahAranAM cAra mANasanA kharca barAbara thAya. eTale

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2 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI jelanA mAthAdITha kharcIne paNuM karIe,tA bahAranAM kula mANasanuM mAthAdITha kharca Ave, te pramANe nIce badhAM kATakAmAM te rakama judI gaNAvI che : prAMta madhyaprAMtA paMjAba vAyavyamAMtA madrAsa AMgALa muMbaI ayeAdhyA jelanuM kheArAkI peAzAkInuM kula kha 3. A. pA. 31-0-0 27-3-0 21-13-0 53-2-4 31-11-0 X9-19-0 jelane hisAbe bahAranAM mANasAnuM mAthAdITha kha 3. A. pA. 23-0-0 20-0-0 16-0-0 41-0-0 23-12-0 31-0-0 prAMtanI mAthAdITha kula Avaka uparanA AMkaDA sarakhAvatAM mAlUma paDaze ke, jelanA kedIne maLe che tevAM khArAka ane kapaDAM mATe paNa sArA va daramyAna pUratI Avaka dezanA leAkeAne nathI; khIjA mejoAkhanA kharcanI ke sAmAjika yA dhArmika prasaMgeAnA kharcanI vAta tA dUra rahI. sAthe sAthe e paNa yAda rAkhavAnuM ke, upara jaNAvelI mAthAdI AvakanI rakama nIcalA varganA mANasane tA nathI ja maLatI; kAraNake upalA tathA madhyama varganA leAkeA uparanI sarerAza karatAM ghaNImeTI rakama meLavatA ke vAparatA heAya che. hiMdustAnanA sAmAnya varganI A dazA che. 3. A. pA. 21-12-0 24-12-0 17-12-0 17-12-0 18-12-0 39-12-0 19-12-0

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hiMdustAnanA Arthika srAva zarUAtamAM meM jaNAvyuM hatuM ke, hiMdustAnanI kagAliyatanuM mukhya kAraNa aMgrejonuM paradezI rAjya ane temanA dvArA dezamAMthI bahAra dhasaDAtI saMpatti che. A prakaraNamAM huM tenI sAbitImAM theDIka bAbato rajU karavAne chuM. kAI paNa dezamAMthI paradeza keTalA paisA ghasaDAI jAya che. te nakkI karavAnuM mukhya sAdhana, te dezanI AyAta ane nikAsanA AMkaDA che. dezamAMthI dara varSe jeTalI kiMmatanA mAla ke nANuM paradeza caDatAM hoya, teTalI kiMmatane mAla ke nANuM dezamAM pAchAM karatAM na hoya, tA teTalI kiMmatane mAla ke nANuM paradeza ghasaDAI jAya che ema mAnavuM joIe, tethI UlaTuM, dezamAMthI jeTalI kiMmatanA mAla ke nANuM paradeza jatAM hoya, tenA karatAM vadhAre kiMmatane! mAla ke nANuM dezamAM dara varase AyAta thatAM hoya, te ema mAnavuM ja joIe ke, kAM tA

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI dezane tenA vepAramAM teTalo napho rahe che, athavA to bIjA rAjakIya kAraNathI tene khaMDaNI peTe ke bIjI koI rIte teTalI Avaka maLe che. IgleMDanA I. sa. 1858 thI 1870 sudhIne AyAtanikAsanA AMkaDA nIce pramANe che : AyAta nikAsa pAuMDa 3,608,216,24ra (sanuMrUpe gaNatAM) pAuMDa 2,875,027,301 (sonuMrUpe gaNatAM eTale ke, nikAsa karatAM AyAta cha37,188,941 pAuDa athavA to rapa TakA jeTalI vadhAre che. paraMtu te nikAsanA AMkaDAmAM hiMdustAnane lona tarIke ApelA, 125,000,000 pAuMDane samAveza thAya che; tathA AyAtanA AMkaDAmAM te lona peTe vyAjanA bhaLelA 60,000,000 pAuMDano samAveza thAya che. uparAMta, iMglaMDa e sauthI moTo dhIranAro deza che. eTale vAstavika rIte tenI mAtra vepArane lagatI nikAsa karatAM vepArane lagatI AyAtano AMkaDo 25 TakAthI vadhAre haze paNa eAcho nahibriTiza uttara amerikAnI nikAsa karatAM AyAta 29 TakA vadhAre che; ane osTreliyAnI 15 TakA vadhAre che. e AMkaDAomAM paNa lona tarIke ANelI ke ApelI rakame ane tenA vyAjano samAveza thato hovAthI. mAtra vyApArI napho te karatAM judo ja haze, e dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che. paraMtu eTaluM to nakkI ke, koI paNa dezanA paradeza sAthenA vepAramAM sAmAnya vastusthiti e hoya che. ke, deza jeTalI kiMmatano mAla paradeza caDAve che, tenA badalAmAM

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25 hiMdustAnane Arthika srAvateTalI kiMmatanI AyAta uparAMta naphe dezamAM pAchAM vaLe che. - have hiMdustAnanI A bAbatamAM zI dazA che te joIe. I.sa. 1835thI I. sa. 1872 sudhInI hiMdustAnanI kula nikAsa 1,120,000,000 pAuMDanI che; ane teTalAM vaSo daramyAnanI kula AyAta 943,000,000 pAuMDanI che. sAmAnya rIte vepAramAM 15 TakA napho to hoya ja ema gaNIe, to vAstavika rIte hiMdustAnanI AyAta 1,288,08 0,000 pAuMDa thavI joIe. hiMdustAnamAM te arasAmAM 150,000,000 pAuMDa lona tarIke paradezathI AvyA che. eTale vAstavika rIte hiMdustAnamAM kula 1,430,000000 pAuMDa pAchA AvavA joItA hatA. tene badale 943,000,000 pAuMDa ja AvyA. teno artha e thayo ke, hiMdustAnamAMthI 500,000,000 pAuMDa iMglaMDamAM ja rahyA; arthAta IgleMDe teTalI rakama hiMdustAnamAMthI paDAvI. A gaNatarImAM varSovarSa caDatA vyAjanI rakamano to samAveza nathI ja thato.* * AmanI sabhAmAM bhASaNa ApatI vakhate sva. dAdAbhAIe e ja AMkaDA pachInAM I. sa. 1883 thI I. sa. 1892 sudhInAM daza varSa mATe A pramANe ApyA che: iMglaMDanI nikAsa karatAM AyAta te daza varSamAM 32 TakA vadhAre hatI; norvenI 42 TakA; svIDananI 24 TakA; DenmArkanI 40 TakA; holenDanI 22 TakA, tathA DAnsanI ane svITjharaleMDanI 28 TakA. ' * velabI kamizana AgaLa lekhake I. sa. 1848-10 thI 1894-5 sudhInAM 45 varSa mATe te ja AMkaDA sarakArI sTeTIsTIkala eNsTrekaTa - 185mAMthI nIce pramANe jaNAvyA che : hiMdustAnanI kula nikAsa 2,851,000,000 pAuMDanI hatI. tenA

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI - have blaDa rahelI A rakamane "vepArano taphAvata" kahevo e to juThThANuM ja che. kAraNa ke, e rakama to. gorA amaladAree ane gerA vepArIoe hiMdustAnamAMthI pitAne deza mokalelI "kamANI" ja che. vaLI, A lUMTanA samarthanamAM 'hiMdustAnanI devAdAra sthitinI' dalIla vAraMvAra karavAmAM Ave che. paraMtu e sthiti kevI rIte UpajI che, tenI jarA tapAsa karIe. I. sa. 1896-7 nA ahevAlamAM jaNAvyA pramANe "hemacArjisa" tarIke hiMdustAna dara varSe igleMDane 20 karoDa rUpiyA bhare che. eTalA rUpiyA hiMdustAna pAsethI to dara varSe hamezane mATe ochI thAya che ane eTalA iMglaMDanI mUDImAM vadhe che. e uparAMta dara varSe aMgreja amaladArane 94,679,6ra7 rUpiyA eTale ke lagabhaga daza karoDa rUpiyA pagAra peTe hiMdustAna Ape che.* upara mAtra 10 TakA na gaNIe te paNa nikAsanI rakama uparAMta 285,000,000 pAuMDa naphAnA dezamAM vadhAre AvavA joItA hatA. tene badale nikAsa karatAM ja para6,740,000 pAuMDa ochA AvyA. eTale ke, kula khAdha 811,740,000 pAuMDanI thaI. paraMtu, dezI rAjyoe te potAnI nikAsa tema ja te upara maTe napho. meLavyAM ja hatAM; eTale briTiza hiMdustAnanA keTalA paisA paradeza ghasaDAyA che, tene khyAla Avaze. * A rakamamAM aMgreja lazkarane je pagAra ApavAmAM Ave che teno samAveza nathI thatoeTale te rakama temAM umeravI. joIe; tathA yuropiyanone gerakAyadesara rIte chUMDiyAmaNanA vaLatara tarIke je badalo ApavAmAM Ave che, te paNa umero joIe. paraMtu tenA AMkaDA ApaNI pAse nathI eTale daza karoDa. rUpiyAnI rakamane ja vaLagI rahIe.

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hiMdustAnane Arthika strAva racha have, A pagAranI rakamamAMthI yuropiyana pitAnA hiMdI nokarane pagAra tarIke kAMIka ApatA haze; tathA barAkI vagerenI thoDIka cIjo dezamAMthI kharIdatA haze. A pramANe teo pitAnA pagAranI rakamano ardho bhAga hiMdustAnamAM ja khacI nAkhe che ema mAnIe to paNa Azare 5 karoDa. rUpiyA teo cAkhA IMglaMDa laI jAya che. uparanI 20 karoDanI rakamamAM A rakama umeratAM kula 25 karoDa. rUpiyA dezamAMthI dara varSe glaMDa ghasaDAya che ema kahevuM joIe. eTale hiMdustAnanA kahevAtA devAnuM mukhya kAraNa zuM che, te have samajAze. lAMbA samayathI dara varSe paradeza ghasaDAtA A rUpiyA dezamAM ja rahyA hota, to vyAja sAthe keTalI mATI mUDI dezamAM bhegI thaI hatI ane temAMthI keTalAya hajAra mAIlanI relave to zuM, paNa bIjAMca kaTalAM jAhera bAMdhakAme iMgleMDa pAsethI nANAM uchInAM lIdhA vinA ja upADI zakAyAM hota, tathA dezanI suvyavasthA ane pragatinuM badhuM kharca sahelAIthI pUruM pADI zakAyuM hota. e dara varSe cAlatI moTI lUMTa vaDe bhegI thayelI mUDImAMthI ja iMglaMDa pAchuM hiMstAnane lona tarIke nANuM dhare che, tema ja briTiza mUDI" tarIke oLakhAtI mUDIthI dezanI jamIna. vepArahunara ane udyogone kabaje laI temAMthI pAcho maTe naphA paDAvI jAya che. are ! e paradeza mUDIdAre eTalethI dharAtA nathI. temane te dezanI cAlu mahesUlanA paisAmAMthI ja mUDI meLavIne vepAra kare che. tethI teoe bUmAbUma karI mUkI che ke, sarakAra potAnAM nANAM sarakArI tijorImAM nAMkhI mUkavAne badale presiDansI beMkomAM

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28 hiM'dustAnanI garIbAI 6: kema nathI rAkhatI ! sara vesTaleMDe cokhkhuM kabUla karyu. che ke, ''hiMdustAnanuM nANAMbajAra hiMdI sarakAranI mahesUlanI bacatanAM nANAM sAthe ghaNuM saMkaLAyeluM che. kAraNake, vepAramAM rAkAyelI ghaNI mUDI e bacatanAM nANAMmAMthI ja maLI rahe che. . . sAmAnya rIte sarakArI mahesulanA doDha karoDa rUpiyA kalakattA ke muMbaInI tindrerImAM paDI rahyA hAta, te have vepArIone vepAra mATe vAparavA devAmAM Ave che.'' eTale, garIba hiMdIe te dezanA ' setAnI 'rAjataMtranA kharcanI ogavAI karavAnI eTaluM ja niha paNa, peAtAnA dezanA vepAradhaMdhAmAMthI rUA karavA geArA vepArIone mUDI paNa pUrI pADavAnI ! lAbha A rIte hiMdustAnanI rAjakIya parataMtratAnA laI, je lUTa paDAvavAmAM Ave che, te ja hiMdustAnanAM sa aniSTonuM mULa che; ane tenI pAchaLa tema ja tenI madadathI ja kahevAtuM ' vepArI ' ke dhaMdhedArI ANu Ave che. vastutAe oI e tA hiMdustAna iMgleMDanuM jarAya devAdAra nathI. iMgleMDe hiMdustAnane dhIrelA ke hiMdustAnamAM rokelA badhA paisA mULa hiMdustAnanA ja che; eTaluM ja nahIM paNa tenAthI keTalAyagaNA vadhAre paisA vastutAe IMglaMDe hiMdustAnamAMthI paDAvelA che. kamanasIbI te eTale sudhI che ke, IMgleMDe Akhu hiMdI sAmrAjya paNa hiMdustAnane ja paise ane mATe bhAge hiMdIonuM lehI reDIne ja meLavyuM che. briTiza sAmrAjya vadhAravAmAM tema ja rAkhavAmAM karAtuM keTaluMya kharca hiMdustAna pAsethI vagara levedeve geravAjabI rIte paDAvavAmAM Ave che. e badhAne vyAja sAthe saravALA ane hisAba kANu, kyAre, kevI rIte karaze ? atyAre paNa IMgleMDanuM tenAM hitA jALavI

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hiMdustAnane Arthika strAva : 2 dara varSe jyAM dezanI dhanasaMpattimAMthI ATalI moTI rakama * haMmezane mATe paradeza ghasaDAI jatI hoya, tyAM dezanA lokonI ane tenA vepArarojagAranI zI dazA thAya tenI kalpanA karavI muzkela nathI. paraMtu, huM nIce dareka ilAkA dITha judA judA sarakArI amaladAranA ja zabdo TAMkIza. . baMgALa I. sa. 1787mAM sara jona zora lakhe che: "pahelAMne datihAsa tapAsatAM jaNAya che ke, hiMdustAnanA uttaranA bhAge, merene akhAta, IrAnI akhAta ane malabAra kinArA sAthe baMgALa prAMtano ghaNe mATe vepAra cAlato hato; tathA tene pariNAme prAMtamAM mAla tema ja rekaDanI varSovarSa meTI Avaka thatI hatI. paraMtu, I. sa. 1765thI mAMDIne badhuM badalAI gayuM che. IsTa inDiyA kaMpanIe prAMtano badho vepAra pitAnA. hAthamAM laI lIdhuM che. te vepAramAMthI pUratuM vaLatara lokone pAchuM maLavAne badale, teno badhe bhAga IMgleMDa ja ghasaDAI jAya che. rokaDa to najIvA pramANamAM ja have bahAranA bhAgamAMthI Ave che. dezane AMtarika vepAra pharI cAlato thAya evuM mAnI laIe to paNa, kaMpanI dezanI je pedAza paradeza * I. sa. 1898mAM "iMDiyana karansI kamizana" AgaLa rajU, karelA nivedanamAM lekhake I. sa. 1892-3 thI I. sa. 1896-7 sudhInAM pAMca varSa daramyAna te rIte dezamAMthI ghaDAyelI kula rakama be abaja rUpiyA jeTalI jaNAvI che; eTale ke varSe tamArA tenuM pramANa 40 karoDa rUpiyA thayuM.

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI caDAve che, te peTe dezamAM kazuM ja pAchuM na AvavAnuM hovAthI, pahelAM jeTaluM vaLatara dezane kadI maLavAnuM ja nathI." I. sa. 1790mAM lorDa kornavolisa jaNAve che: yuropamAM dara varSe mokalavAmAM AvatI meTI rakama. kalakattAnI tijorIne madada tarIke ApavAmAM AvatI rakama, bIjA ilAkAonI jarUriyAto pUrI pADavA mekalavAmAM AvatI rakama, tema ja bIjA aMgrejo dvArA dara varSe IgleMDa mokalavAmAM AvatI bacata ke naphAnI rakama- e badhuM maLIne dara varSe baMgALamAMthI je meTI rakama bahAra ghasaDAI jAya che. tenI mAThI asara gayAM ghaNAM varSothI jaNAvA lAgI che, ane hAlamAM to te ati tIvra banI gaI che. prAMtamAMthI calaNuM nANuM cheka ja ghaTI javAne lIdhe khetI tema ja sAmAnya vepAraudyogamAM bhAre maMdI AvI gaI che." I. sa. 1837mAM mi. epha. je. zera jaNAve che : hiMdustAnanA sukhanA dahADA pUrA thayA che. pahelAM tenI pAse je paiso hato, temAMthI moTA bhAga paradeza ghasaDI javAmAM Avyo che, ane tenA vividha kaLAkauzalyane hIna. ane svArthI taMtra heThaLa kacarI nAkhavAmAM AvyuM che." vaLI te jaNAve che: "Aje hunnara ane vijJAnamAM hiMdIo ApaNAthI pachAta paDI gayA che; tethI ema mAnavuM ke, saMjoge anukULa hovA chatAM teo evI pragati karI zake tema nathI, e temane anyAya karavA jevuM che. . . . vaLI evI phariyAda vAraMvAra karavAmAM Ave che ke, "kAMI paNa najIvuM karavAnuM hoya che to tene mATe ke sarakArane arajI kare che, bhale pachI te ekAda nAne rasto hoya, nizALa

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hiMdustAnanA Arthika Ava - hAya sarakAre ja karavuM paNa zI rIte ? adhI tetha DAya, ke dharmAdA saMsthA hAya -- paNa badhuM teI e ! " paraMtu vastusthiti bIjI iMgleMDamAM leAkeA pAse mabalaka paisA che ane te paNa badhA vargomAM ThIka TIka vaheMcAyelA che. tema ja mAtAnI vyavasthA karanAra jIvata sthAnika tatra tyAM sudhArAnI meATI meTI yeAjanAe khAnagI vyaktie ja ceAje che ane amalamAM mUke che. paraMtu, hiMdustAnamAM, ke jyAM sarakAra ja badhuM ehiyAM karI javAnI dAnata rAkhI leAkAne peTapUratuM ja bhAga AvavA de che, jyAM sarakAre pahelAnAM lagabhaga badhAM ja sthAnika tAtA nAza karI nAkhyA che, tathA jyAM rAjakartAnAM hiteA prajAnAM hitA karatAM taddana judAM ja che, tyAM leAkeAne peAtAnI pAsethI paDAvelA paisAmAMthI temanA hita pAchaLa sarakAra the u dhaNuM kharca kare ema icchavAnA haka che." vaLI te jaNAve che, ja e che ke, AkhI aMgrejone mULabhUta siddhAMta prajAne pAtAnA phAyadA ane peAtAnuM hita sAdhavAmAM zakaya tevI dareka rIte sAdhanarUpa anAvavI. leka upara cheka chellI sudhInA karaverA hiMdI 66 30 nAkhavAmAM AvyA che. ApaNA hAthamAM je je prAMta sapaDAte jAya che, tene ApaNe pahelAM karatAM vadhAre paisA paDAvavAnuM kSetra ja banAvI mUkIe chIe. e te ApaNI haMmezanI baDAI hAya che ke, dezI rAjAo karatAM ApaNe leAkA pAsethI keTalAyagaNuM vadhAre mahesUla laI zakIe chIe. hiMdIene dareka prakAranI pratiSThA ane meAbhAvALI tekarIomAMthI bAtala rAkhavAmAM AvyA che : mAtra te sthAna tyAM che.

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI svIkAravA game te halakAmAM halakA darajajAne aMgreja kabUla thavo joIe. . . . TUMkamAM, hiMdustAnanuM aMgrejI rAjya, vastutAe, loko pAsethI vadhAremAM vadhAre paisA paDAvanAruM tathA johukamI rAjya che. teno joTA hiMdustAnamAM pahelAM kadI jovAmAM Avyo nathI. aMgrejI rAjya heThaLa sarakAra ke paisAdAra vyaktio kazI ja maryAdA vinA game teTalo anyAya karI zake che; tathA temanI pAsethI pitAne karavAmAM AvelI nukasAnIno badalo meLavavo keI ne mATe lagabhaga azakya che. pariNAme, leke ApaNane eTalI hade dhikkAre che ke, ApaNane namAvI zake tevI koI paNa sattAne AvakAra ApavA tema ja tene pakSamAM bhaLI javA teo ekapage taiyAra che. . . . huM vAraMvAra bhArapUrvaka kahevA mAguM chuM ke, ApaNe paradezIo chIe, ke judA raMganA ke dharmanA chIe tethI loko ApaNane dhikkAre che evuM jarA paNa nathI; ApaNA pratye lokonI lAgaNI AvI viparIta thaI che. tene mATe ApaNe ApaNI jAtane ja dhanyavAda Apavo joIe." muMbaI mi. sevila meriyaTa, ke je dakSiNa vibhAganA revanyU kamiznara hatA, tathA pachI gavarnaranI kAuMsilanA sabhAsada thayA hatA, te I. sa. 1836mAM sara Ara. grAnTane lakhelA pitAnA patramAM jaNAve che: "mArA abhiprAya vyAvahArika anubhava uparathI baMdhAyelA che, ane mAtra pustakiyA anumAna nathI, e to tame kabUla karaze ja. gayAM ghaNAM

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hiMdustAnane Arthika Ava 33 nathI huM tathA bIjA ghaNA jotA AvyA chIe ke, leAkeAnI avanati thatI cAlI che: ane temAM paNa khAsa karIne ' rAjyanI dhArI naseA ' kahI zakAya tevA kheDUta vanI. dezI rAjAenA amalamAM le! ghaNA bhAre tema ja jhulamAM karaverAnA mejA heThaLa dabAyelA heAvA chatAM, tema ja manasvI atyAcAre ane julame| heThaLa kacarAtA heAvA chatAM, ApaNA haLavA rAjyataMtranI sarakhAmaNImAM vadhAre samRddha hatA, ema mAre kahevuM joi e. A camakAve tevI vAta che; paraMtu te sAcI che emAM zaMkA nathI. meM upara 'ghaNA bhAre tema ja julamI karaverA evA zabda vAparyo che; paraMtu mArA kahevAnI gerasamaja na thAya te mATe mAre umeravuM joI e ke, karaverAnI rakama saMkhyAmAM nAnI heAya, paraMtu te bharavAnI leAkeAnI zakti na hAya, te te nAnI rakama paNa bhAre ejArUpa thaI paDe; jyAre, karaverAnI rakama saMkhyAmAM meTI hAya, paraMtu te bharavAnI kSeAkeAnI tAkAta pramANamAM sArI heAya, teA te meTI rakama eTalI badhI kheAjArUpa thaI na paDe. mArA kahevAnI matalaba e che ke, ApaNA tatra heThA mahesUlanuM pramANa ghaTayuM che, tenA karatAM te bharavAnI kSeAkeAnI zakti keTalAyagaNI ochI thaI gaI che. hiMdustAna deza kagAliyatanI chevaTanI hade pahoMcavA lAgyA che. kathananA samanamAM huM eka ja vigata rajU karIza. varSo daramyAna sarakArI mahesula bharavA mATe leAkeAne peAtAnI sadharelI mUDI -ke je mULe ja pramANamAM bahu nAnI che tenA upara hAtha nAkhavA paDayo che. te mUDI khIja kAI nahIM, paNa kheDUtAnAM aMgata ghareNAM ane jhaverAta, ke jemane mArA e gayAM

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI teo jarUra paDaze lAbhadAyaka bAbatomAM ke khetIne aMge thoDA vakhata mATe gera mUkvAmAM vAparI zakatA hatA. mane khAtarI che ke, tapAsa karatAM jaNAI Avaze ke, e jarajhaverAta tema ja DhoraDhAMkhara ane gharanAM vAsaNo sudhdhAM haMmezane mATe temanA mAlikoe sarakAre bharavA khAtara vecI dIdhAM che. garIbAInI A du:khajanaka sAbitI uparAMta bIjI teTalI ja sabaLa sAbitI, kheDUtavarganAM dhADAM ne dhADAM najIvI rojIthI game te vaitaruM karavA TheraThera rakhaDyA uparanI kaDavI TIkA uparAMta te ja lekhaka. dara varSe hiMdustAnamAMthI iMglaMDa ghasaDAI jatA dhodhanI bAbatamAM, I. sa. 1845nA phebruArInI ra0mI tArIkhe maLelI preprAyaTarsanI eka sabhAnA ceramenanA zabdo nIce pramANe TAMke che"hiMdustAnamAMthI ApaNA dezamAM "hama cArjisa' tarIke dara varSe 3,000,000 pAuMDanI rakama Ave che. tene vArSika khaMDaNI ja gaNavI joIe. te uparAMta hiMdustAnamAM aMgrejonI vyaktigata khAnagI kamANInA rUpamAM dhanane dhodha tyAMthI dararoja ApaNA dezamAM ThalavAyAM ja kare che." A vastu upara TIkA karatAM mi. meriyaTa jaNAve che ke : "dezanI sAdhanasaMpattimAMthI dara varSe ATalI moTI rakama ghasaDAI javA chatAM, pitAne ghaNuM gaMbhIra nukasAna thavA dIdhA vinA, keI paNa deza evA dhodhane sahana karI zake, ema manane manAvavuM ghaNuM muzkela che." mi. gIbane 14 varSa bAda pharI I. sa. 1840mAM nyAyAdhIza tarIke gujarAtamAM pAchA AvyA, tyAre temane,

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hiMdustAnane Arthika Ava tyAM ne tyAM paDatInAM cihno mAlUma paDayAM. pahelAMnA jeTalA meTA pramANamAM tavaMgara vanA dezIe kAMya jaNAyA nahIM. ApaNA hAthamAM A mulaka Avye tyAre dezanA upalA varganA loko suobhita vAhanA, gheADAe, ane ciArakA vagerenA je bhaSA rAkhatA, temAMnuM have kAMI dekhAtuM nathI....sAmAnya lekA paNa phariyAda kare che ke, pahelAM temanI pAse paisA hatA; paNa have kAMI nathI. ' mi. roTa nAITa I. sa. 1868mAM jaNAve che : tAlukadArA pAsethI ApaNe pahelAMnA karatAM traNagaNA vadhAre paisA mAgIe chIe; ane badalAmAM vadhArAne eka paNa lAbha temane ApaNA taraphathI pAchA maLatA nathI. temanA leNadArAe pAnAnI rakame vala karavA temanI jAgIre| ane gAmeA upara bIe ANI che. Ama, teo devAmAM vadhu ne vadhu ratA jAya che. temAMthI te kadI chUTA thaI zake tevI AzA ja nathI. to pachI temanI saMtatinI zI dazA thavAnI ?'' pa sAsa 66 lagabhaga Akho ja kahI I. sa. 1854 : madrAsa sivila sarvisanA mahelI amaladAra mi. mekarDIlana jaNAve che : kheDUtavargo mATe eTaluM te ce!kasa zakAya ke, te "mezAM garImAImAM ane sAmAnya rIte devAmAM DUbele ya che...kheDUta bhAgye ja paisA jue che. tenuM raheDANa mATInI dIvAleAvALu chAyeluM khela ja hoya che. temAM sarasAmAna kahevAya evuM tA kAMI hotuM ja nathI. tenA kuTuMbane kheArAka

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI pANImAM ukALelA dANanI kAMjI ke thoDA mIThA maracAvALA bhAta hoya che. tenA gharanAM mATInAM vAsaNe ApaNuM iMglaMDamAM vaparAtI sArI jAtanI che ane naLiyAMthI paNa UtaratI jAtanAM hoya che. e vaga pAse pittaLanAM vAsaNa nathI ja hotAM ema to na kahevAya; paNa te bahu virala hoya che. majUravarganI dazA to badhI bAbatamAM tenAthI paNa ghaNI kharAba hoya che. tenA jhUMpaDAnI to kazI kiMmata ja hetI nathI; ane keLavaNI ke zikSaNanuM to tenAmAM nAmanizAna ja hotuM nathI." vAyavya prAMta I. sa. 1872 : kAnapura jillAnI AkAraNInA ahevAlamAM mi. helasI jaNAve che : "ema kahevA mAguM chuM ke, A jillAnA sAmAnya kheDUtanI garIbAI najare na jenArane to, kalpanAmAM paNa AvI zake tema nathI. e to jamIna, jamInadAra, zAhukAra ane sarakArane eka halakAmAM halakA gulAma che, ema ja kahevuM joIe. . . . mAre dilagIrI sAthe kahevuM paDe che ke, paNa bhAgathI mAMDIne cAra-paMcamAMza jeTalA kheDUtonI dazA meM upara jaNAvI tevI che. ghaNAne mAruM kahevuM atizayektibharyuM lAgaze; tema ja vastusthiti paNa evI che ke, tenA samarthanamAM AMkaDAo paNa ApI zakAya tema nathI; chatAM, e mArI najare joyelI vAta che, eTaluM to nakkI che." madAMtA - I. sa. 1873 : mi. peDara jaNAve che: "A tarapha ligabhaga evI sArvatrika mAnyatA che ke, lokonI sthiti

Page #47
hiMdustAnane Arthika strAva ApaNuM rAjya heThaLa uttarottara kharAba thatI jAya che ane e vastu upara sarakAre gaMbhIratApUrvaka vicAra karavo joIe." samagra hiMdustAna AkhA hiMdustAna viSe I. sa. 1864mAM bolatAM (sara jona lorensa) jaNAve che : "hiMdustAna mukhyatve ghaNe garIba deza che. lekAnA meTA bhAgane nirvAha pUratuM paNa bhAgye ja maLe che." - mi. grAnTa ke AmanI sabhAmAM bolatAM (I. sa. 1871) jaNAvyuM che : " ilaMDanI Avaka vArSika 800,000,000 pAuMDanI manAya che; jyAre AkhA briTiza hiMdustAnanI Avaka 300,000,000 pAuMDanI ja che. eTale ke, bIjA zabdomAM kahIe to, iMglaMDanI mAthAdITha Avaka 30 pAuMDa che, jyAre hiMdustAnanI mAtra 2 pAuMDa ja che." arthAta, meM atyAra sudhI karelI gaNatarIomAM je jaNAvyuM hatuM, ke hiMdustAnanA lekanI mAthAdITha vArSika pedAza mAtra 40 ziliMga che, tene hiMdI vajIra jevA moTA sarakArI amaladArano paNa Teko che. Ama, je e vastu sAcI to che ja - to pachI hiMdustAnanA meTA bhAganA lekIne laMDa lorensa pite kahe che tema "nirvAha pUratuM paNa bhAgye ja maLatuM hoya, temAM zI navAI che? A vastusthiti pote ja evI che ke, je harakeAIne vicAra karatA karI mUke; tene mATe bIjI dalIlo ke uttejanAnI jarUra nathI.

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karaverAne bojo oNrDa mee mArcanI trIjI tArIkhe (I. sa. 18 1 ) karelA bhASaNamAM evuM sAbita karavAnA prayatna karyo che ke, hiMdustAnane karavere lokone kacarI nAkhe tevo' nathI. A prakaraNamAM huM temanI dalIlanI vigatavAra tapAsa karavA mAguM chuM. meM upara jaNAvyuM che ke, hiMdustAnanI vArSika Avaka mAthAdITha bhAge be pAuMDa eTale ke 40 ziliMganI che. le meyAe paNa e aMdAjane, 'mi. grAnTa ke pUratI tapAsa karIne tArave" mAnIne, svIkAryo che. paraMtu eTaluM svIkArya bAda lorDa meyo hiMdustAnanA karaverAnA bejane bAjA dezanA karaverAnA bejA sAthe sarakhAve che. ema karatA pahelAM, te hiMdustAnanI kula karaverAnI AvakamAMthI aphINanI khaMDaNInI, ane tevI bIjA prakAranI Avakane jamIna mahesUla khAte gaNIne bAda kare che, ane pachI je bAkI rahe, tene bIjA dezanA

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karaverAne be 39 karaverA sAthe sarakhAve che. joke, bIjA dezonA karaverAnI rakamamAMthI tevI bAdabAkI temaNe karI che ke kema, te huM jANato nathI. paraMtu te muddA upara ApaNe pAchA pharIthI AvIzuM. mece sAheba jaNAve che ke, hiMdustAna dara varSe mAthAdITha 1 ziliMga 10 pinsa jeTalo karavere bhare che; jyAre turkastAna cheziliMga 9 ;i ruziyA 1ra ziliMga 2 pensa; pena 18 ziliMga 5 pensa; TriyA 19 ziliMga 7 pensa ane ITAlI 17 ziliMga jeTalo karavero bhare che. e uparathI te evo nirNaya tArave che ke, hiMdustAnane karavere "kacarI nAkhe te' nathI. have, teo sAheba kacarI nAkhe tevo' e zabdano zo artha kare che, te huM nathI jANata; paraMtu te eka mukhya vAta ja bhUlI jAya che ka, hiMdustAnanI mAthAdITha Avaka ja mULe 40 ziliMga che; tathA teTalAmAMthI lokonI jIvananirvAhanI khAsa AvazyakatAo ja pUrI paDI zakatI nathI; bIjI sukhasagavaDe, ke kharAba varSo mATe bacatanI vAta te paDatI ja mUkIe. pariNAme, dukALano sparzamAtra thatAM ja lAkho mANaso bhUkhe TaLavaLatA marI jAya che. A vastusthiti pate ja 'karI nAkhe tevI' nathI ? ke jethI, teTalI nAmanI AvakamAMthI paNa rasarakAra parANe je rakama karaverA tarIke paDAve che, te kacarI nAkhe tevI che ke nahi, tenI AvI carcA A uparAMta eka bIjI agatyanI vAta paNa me sAheba bhUlI jAya che. te e ke, bIjA dezomAM karaverAnI je rakama sarakAra ugharAve che, teno adha bhAga bIje rUpe pachIthI

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI lakAne ja pAcho maLe che; bIjA zabdomAM kahIe to te AkhI rakama dezamAM ja kharcAtI hovAthI dezamAM ja rahe che. paraMtu hiMdustAnanI mAthAdITha 40 ziliMga jeTalI kaMgALa pirAzamAMthI 25,000,000 pAuMDa to dara varSe haMmezane mATe khA dezanI bahAra ja taNAI jAya che, jethI dara varSe navI pedAza karavA mATe joItI mUDI ke udyogazakti dezamAMthI - uttarottara ghaTatI jAya che, ane pariNAme karavere vadhu ne vadhu kacarI nAkhanAre" banato jAya che. na have, ApaNe, bIjA dezanA karaverA sAthe sarakhAmaNI karavAnI sAcI rIta kaI hoI zake, te muddA upara AvIe. dareka prajAne dara varSe khetI, khANa, Dhorauchera, hunnara udyoga, vepAra vagere dvArA amuka Avaka thAya che. e kula AvakamAMthI te prajAne pitAnA jIvananI jarUriyAto pUrI pADavAnI hoya che. have, prajA upara karaverAno kula bojo keTalo che te jANavuM hoya, to tene sIdhe rasto e che ke, sarakAra dezanI kula pedAzamAMthI keTalI rakama dezanuM rAjataMtra calAvavA mATe prajA pAsethI dara varSe mAge che ane le che, te nakkI karavuM. te rakamane karavere kahe, mahesUla kahe, ke bIjuM kAMI kaho. hiMdustAnanA dAkhalAmAM paNa sarakAra te rakama jamInamahesUla tarIke le che, ke aphINanA verA tarIke le che, ke bIjA keI rUpamAM le che, te vastu agatyanI nathI. kAraNa, e to ughADuM ja che ke, teTalI rakama sarakAre prajA pAsethI lIdhI na hota, to te prajA pAse ja rahI hota, ke prajAne ja maLI hota. A daSTie ApaNe IglaMDano karavera tapAsIe to jaNAze ke, te dezanI kula

Page #51
karaverAne be 800,000,000 pAuMDanI vArSika AvakamAMthI tyAMnI sarakAra pitAnA kharca peTe vArSika 70,000,000 pAuMDa loko pAsethI le che; eTale ke lokonI mAthAdITha vArSika 30 pAuMDanI AvakamAMthI 23 pAuMDa athavA bIjA zabdomAM ATha TakA le che. jyAre, hiMdI sarakAra hiMdI prajAnI kula 340,000,000 pAuMDanI vArSika AvakamAMthI 50,000,000 pAuMDa eTale ke lokonI mAthAdITha vArSika 40 ziliMganI AvakamAMthI 6 ziliMga athavA to 15 TakA le che. have jaNAze ke, hiMdustAnanI sarakAra iMglaMDanI sarakAra karatAM ocho karavero le che ke vadhAre. 0 TakA * sarakhAvA judA judA dezonA I. sa. 1880nA AMkaDA : deza mAthAdITha Avaka mAthAdITha karavero pAuMDa jarmanI 18 7 10,7 kriAnsa 25.7 13, 23 bejiyama 22.1 holenDa 26.0 ruziyA 9.9 DenamArka 23.2 5.17 : amerikA 27.2 3.9 5.0 osTreliyA 434 16.2 iMgleMDa 35.2 6.92 hiMdustAna 2.0 . 14.3 keneDA

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI uparAMta e paNa dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM joIe ke, hAthI upara eka Tana vajana nA to tene kaMI visAtamAM paNa na hoya, paraMtu nAnA bALaka upara thoDA zera vajana nA to paNa te kacarAI jAya. aMgreja prajA potAnI mAthAdITha vArSika 600 ziliMganI AvakamAMthI 50 ziliMga karere bhare. ane hiMdI prajA potAnI 40 ziliMganI AvakamAMthI ? ziliMga karavero bhare, e bemAM moTo phera che. karaverAno be sahelAIthI UMcakI zakAya evo che kecarI nAkhe tevo che, e nakakI karavAnuM sAdhana, te karavero bharavAnI lokonI zakti keTalI che te jANavuM, e che. moTe bhaMDAra hoya, temAMthI tame TopalI bharIne ApI de, to paNa tamane kAMI na aDe; paraMtu peTa pUratuM paNa na hoya, temAMthI eka mUThI jeTaluM paNa koI laI le, te tamArA paga bhAgI jAya. - vaLI, upara jaNAvyuM tema, hiMdustAnanI bAbatamAM tA. te karaverAnI rakamane moTo bhAga paradeza ghasaDAI jatA hovAthI, dezanI Avaka dara varSe ghaTatI jAya che, tyAre bIjI bAju chellAM keTalAMya varSothI karaverAnI rakama sarakAra vadhAratI ja jAya che. A sthitimAM hiMdustAnanI prajA uparane karaverAno bojo 'kacarI nAkhanAre' na kahevAya te bIjuM zuM kahevAya ?

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5 besatA jatA bhAve 1 evI dalIla karavAmAM Ave che ke, paradezanAM mAra have khullAM thavAthI hiMdustAnanA kheDUtone temanI pedAzanA bhAva sArA Upaje che. ane hiMdustAnanI vastInA meTe bhAga kheDUta che, eTale AkhA deza have pahelAM karatAM vadhu tavagara thatA jAya che! AgaLanAM pAnAMmAM dezanI kula pedAzanI je kiMmata dezanA leAMkAne Upaje che tene hiMsAma me batAvyA che. te uparathI siddha thAya che ke, dezanI kula Avaka dezanI vastIne jIvatI rAkhavA mATe paNa pUratI nathI, eTale kAI sAmAnya dalIlathI ke kalpanAthI kazuM juduM siddha thaI zake tema nathI. chatAM khetInI pedAzanA vadhAre UpajatA bhAveA, majUrInA vadhI gayelA dareza, ane dezamAM dara varSa moTA pramANamAM AvatuM seAnuM ane cAMdI evI evI

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44 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI vAto karIne dezamAM evo khyAla Ubho karavAmAM Ave che ke, loke tavaMgara thatA jAya che. tethI e badhI bAbatano khulAse karavAnI jarUra che. A tathA pachInA prakaraNamAM ApaNe e muddAonI ja tapAsa karIzuM. vastuonA bhAva sAmAnya rIte nIcenAM traNamAMthI game te eka kAraNe vadhI zake : 1. paradeza sAthenA vepAramAM lAbhadAyaka vadhAro thavAthI dezanI nikAsanA badalAmAM sAre napho maLavA lAge; ane tene kAraNe dezamAM vadhelI mUDI ane samRddhine kAraNe lekamAM vastuonI mAga vadhe tathA tene kAraNe vastuonA bhAva UMcA Ave. Ama, lokonI sarvasAmAnya samRddhine kAraNe je bhAvo caDe, te dezanI AbAdInI nizAnI che, emAM zaMkA nathI. 2. dezanI AbAdI na vadhI hoya; paraMtu amuka khAsa prajanane arthe, dezanA bIjA bhAgamAMthI ke paradezamAMthI pasAnA amuka jathe uchIne ANI, dezanA koI bhAgamAM relave che tevuM bIjuM bAMdhakAma zarU karavAmAM Ave, jethI te bhAgamAM majUronI moTI saMkhyA bhegI thaI jAya, paraMtu te pramANamAM temanI anna vagerenI jarUriyAto bahArathI lAvavAnAM sAdhana pUratAM na hovAthI, te bhAga pUratA anAja vagerenA bhAvo tAtkAlika caDI jAya. e rIte tAtkAlika tema ja amuka bhAgamAM caDelA bhAvone, AkhA dezanI sarvasAmAnya AbAdInI nizAnI na ja kahI zakAya. : 3. uparanA baMne kAraNemAMthI eka paNa amalamAM na AvyuM hoya, paraMtu kharAba varSane kAraNe anAja vagerenI pedAza ja lokone joIe te karatAM ochI thaI hoya, tathA

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45 besatA jatA bhAvo bahArathI anAja AvavAnI sagavaDa na hoya, tene kAraNe vastuonI achata thaI jAya, ane sAmAnya bhAvo caDI jAya. A rItanA caDelA bhAvo e dezanI AbAdInI nizAnI na hotAM, deza upara AvI paDelI AphatanI nizAnIrUpa che. have, A traNamAMthI paheluM kAraNa ApaNe tapAsIzuM, te jaNAze ke, paradeza sAthe vepAra vaDe dezanI samRddhimAM ane mUDImAM kAMI vadhAro thavAne badale varasovarasa dezanI pedAzamAMthI ja 7,000,000 pAuMDa bahAra taNAI jAya che. * eTale, e to ughADuM che ke, paradeza sAthenA vepArathI dezanI mUDI ke samRddhi vadhI nathI; eTale tene kAraNe vastuonA bhAva sArA Upaje che, ema banI zake ja nahi. vaLI, paradeza sAthe keTalAka vepAra to pharajiyAta che : paradezamAM vastuonA bhAva sArA Upaje che tethI nathI. jema ke baMgALa, madrAsa vagere dariyAkinArA pAsenA prAMtomAMthI cokhA dezanI aMdaranA bhAgamAM pahoMcADavAnAM sArAM sAdhana na havAthI, leka paradezI vahANo mAraphate paradeza caDAvI de che. vaLI, rAjakIya kAraNone lIdhe IgleMDane je rakama pharajiyAta bharavI paDe che, te peTe paNa keTalIya nikAsa dezamAMthI pharajiyAta karavI paDe che. * dezanA vepAramAMthI kAMIka to na Avato ja haze; tema ja cIna jatA aphINamAMthI to cAkhI Avaka ja thAya che. paraMtu, te badhuM taNAI jAya che, ane uparatamAM Avaka-nikAsanA AMkaDAmAM dara varase ATalI khAdha Ave che, e dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che. Tona!

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI paradezamAM bhAva sArA Upaje che, tethI dezamAMthI vastuonI nikAsa nathI thatI, e vastu to ApaNe sAbita paNa karI zakIe tema chIe. je ema siddha thAya ke, hiMdustAnanI cIjone bhAva paradezI bajAramAM gayAM paMdara varSothI ekasarakhA ja rahyA che, to temAMthI zuM phalita thAya? e ja ke, kAM to hiMdustAnamAM potAmAM bhAvamAM kALI vadhAre thayo nathI, athavA te hiMdustAnanA loke eTalA paragaju che ke, temanA pitAnA dezamAM bhAva vadhyA hovA chatAM, teo potAnI cIjone bhAvamAM jarA paNa vadhAre karyA vinA hajAre gAu dUranAM potAnAM bhAMDuone khAvA mATe mokalI Ape che. eTaluM ja nahIM, paNa keTalAka dAkhalAomAM te, dezamAM je bhAva Upaje che, tethI paNa ochuM laIne ! huM nIce hiMdustAnanI nikAsanI keTalIka mukhya cIjonA gayAM paMdara varSathI iMglaMDanA bajAramAM upajatA bhAvonA AMkaDAo * ApuM chuM. hadraTane dara I. sa. pA. zi. 5. I. sa. pA. zi. pe. 1857 2-8-8 1866 4-12-0 1860 1-1-0 1868 3-12-8 1863 8-18-11 1870 - 5-6 amerikana yuddhane kAraNe rUnA bhAvoe vacamAM uchALe mAryo hato, paNa have dhIme dhIme bhAva temanI jUnI sthitie AvatA jAya che. che "pArlAmenTarI rITarna-I. sa 1870 mAMthI.

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gaLa besatA jatA bhAve gam hadraveTane bhAva hedraveTane bhAva I. sa. pA. zi. pa. I. sa. pAzi. pi. 1855 thI-pa9 3-11-0 18pa7 33-13-11 1860 thI-64 3-16-7 186 35-10-- 6 1865 thI-70 3-12-0 1870 35-4-8 - gaLInI bAbatamAM to hiMdustAnane eka rItano ijAre ja kahevAya. chatAM tenI vadhelI mAganI dRSTie tenA bhAvamAM khAsa vadhAre thayelo na kahevAya. khA haMDraveTane dara I. sa. pA. zi. 5. I. sa. pA. zi. pa. 18papa 0-14- 1865 0-1 -4 1851 0-11-3 1869 0-10-8 186 2 0-11-10 1870 0-10-11 cekhA to sauthI agatyanI vastu che. upara je nAva jaNAvyA che, te iMglaMDamAM jatA sudhInuM kharca ane nako vagere umeratAM UpajelA bhAve che. e tapAsatAM jaNAze ke, tenA bhAvamAM kazo vadhAre varSo thayAM ye nathI. ane chatAM, te arasAmAM hiMdustAnamAM traNa ke cAra dukALe paDI gayA; tathA dukALavALA bhAgamAM to lakAne bacAvavA mATe game te kiMmate paNa anna maLI zakatuM nahotuM. A eka ja vastu e sAbita karavA mATe pUratI che ke, je igleMDa chellAM paMdara varSathI ekasarakhA bhAve

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48 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI hiMdustAnanA cokhA meLavI zake che. to hiMdustAnamAM tenA bhAvomAM kaze khAsa vadhAro thayo hovo na joIe, ke jene pariNAme tenI samRddhi vadhI hovI joIe evuM sAbita karI zakAya. khAMDa aLasI hedraTe dara kavArTarane bhAva I. sa. pA. zi. pa. I. sa. pA. zi. e. 1855 1-9-8 1855 3-111858 1-10-3 1859 2-9-9 186ra. 1-6-9 1864 2-19-7 1868 3-1-8 1870 1-pa- 1870 2-19-7 eTale ke, mULa bhAvomAM vAstavika ghaTADo ja thatA cAlyo che. sarasava Una cA I. sa. kavArTarano bhAva I. sa. ratalano dara I. sa. ratalano dara pA. zi. pa. pensa zi. pe. 1855 3-9-8 1855 8 18pa6 ra-43 1858 2-1-4 1858 6 1859 2-0 186 3 2-10-6 1862 10 1862 1-9 1867 2-12-6 1867 99 1868 1-4 - 1869 2-18-11 1869 1869 1870 3-4-11 1870 7 1870 1-9 * Ama, hiMdustAnanI nikAsanI mukhya cIjonA chellAM paMdara varSa daramyAna paradezamAM UpajatA bhAvanA

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besatA jatA bhAve AMkaDAo uparathI jaNAya che ke, hiMdustAnamAM te cInhenA. bhAva kAMI khAsa pramANamAM vadhyA haiAvA na joIe. te pachI 'meTA pramANamAM ' bhAve vadhAre UpajavAnI tA vAta ja karyAM rahI ! mULe te evAM kAraNeA ja dekhAtAM nathI * jethI ema ane. tethI UlaTu, dezanI mUDI ane udyogazaktimAM ghaTADA kare evAM kAraNeA satata kAma karI ja rahyAM che; jethI pariNAme dezanI samRddhi vadhavAne badale ghaTatI jAya. alabatta, dezanA keTalAka bhAgeAmAM bhAva sArA UpajatA dekhAya che. paraMtu, te, meM upara jaNAvelA bIjA kAraNane lIdhe che. chellAM vIsa varSa daramyAna relavenA AMdhakAma mATe 82,000,000 pAuMDa hiMdustAnamAM paradezathI AvyA che. temAMthI 26,000,000 pAuMDa te! iMgleMDamAM sarasAmAna kharIdavAmAM ja vaparAyA che; eTale bAkInA 55,000,002 hiMdustAnamAM kharcAyA che. te rakama, geArA suparavAijharaza, ijanere| ane amaladAronA pagAre Ada karatAM, dezanA je bhAgeAmAM kharacAI, te bhAgeAmAM majUrA meTI saMkhyAmAM bhegA thavAthI, AjubAjunA pradezAmAM khetIkAmamAM majUrAnI tAN paDavAthI, tathA bIjA bhAgAmAMthI te bhAgamAM anAja lAvavAnAM sArAM sAdhanene abhAva heAvAthI, tyAM bhAveA vadhAre UpajatA dekhAya che. jema ke, madhyaprAMtAmAM I. sa. 1867-8mAM je bhAgeAmAM cAkhAnA bhAva vadhAre hatA, te bhAgeAmAM relave dhAtI hatI; ane jyAM relavenuM ke tevuM bIjuM bAMdhakAma thatuM na hatuM, tyAM bhAva ochA hatA. dAkhalA tarIke haiAsaMgAbAdamAM bhAva 5 rUpiye maNa hatA; ane baitulamAM 4

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI .4 rUpiye maNa hato. jyAre, saMbalapuramAM 1 rUpiyA be AnA hato, bilAsapuramAM 1 rUpiye hato, ane bhaMDArAmAM be rUpiyA hato. te varSe madrAsa ilAkAmAM paNa e ja dazA che. jema ke, relave lAIna ke tevAM bIjAM bAMdhakAmavALA kuDappAmAM gArsa (eTale ke 9256 ratala) ne 49ra rUpiyA che; kaImbaturamAM 474 rUpiyA che; tathA madurAmAM 199 rUpiyA che. paraMtu tevA koI bAMdhakAma vinAnA vijAgApaTTamamAM ra03 rUpiyA che; godAvarImAM 222 rUpiyA che, ane gaMjamamAM 232 rUpiyA che. te ja dazA paMjAba ane vAyavya prAMtomAM I. sa. 1868-9 nA AMkaDAo uparathI spaSTa dekhAI Ave che. jema ke, relave lAIna baMdhAI gaI hovAthI dilhImAM ghauMno bhAva rUpiye para ratala che, ane aMbAlAmAM 48 ratala che; paraMtu relave lAIna jyAM baMdhAvAnI zarU thaI hatI. tevA mulatAnamAM bhAva 34 ratala che, ane pezAvaramAM 30 ratala che. muMbaI ilAkAmAM gayAM thoDAM varSa daramyAna rUno bhAva sAre AvyAthI, tema ja relavenAM bAMdhakAma cAlu hovAthI hiMdustAnanA bIjA bhAge karatAM bhAre pramANamAM UMcA che; chatAM, jyAM relavenAM bAMdhakAma ane rUnI Avaka e baMnenI bhegI asara che, tevAM muMbaI, vaDodarA, surata, bharUca, kheDA ane amadAvAdamAM bIjA bhAga karatAM bhAvo sauthI vadhAre che. paraMtu belagAma ke dhAravADa, jeo relavelAIne upara nathI, tyAM bhAva ochA che. e ja sthiti baMgALamAM paNa I. sa. 1868 daramyAna relave lAInathI dUranA TiparA, pUrNiyA, kaTaka, pUrI, DhAkA

Page #61
besatA jatA bhAve 21 ane mAnabhrama jillAenA AchA bhAvAmAM, ane relave bAMdhakAmavALA jillAonA UMcA bhAveAmAM dekhAI Ave che. Ama ApaNe leI AvyA ke, tyAM jyAM bhAvamAM thADA paNa uchALA AvyA hatA, tyAM relave ke bIjA jAhera AMdhakAme te aMge paisA kharacAyAne lIdhe AvyA hatA; ane te paNa sthAnika tema ja tAtkAlika hatA. ve huM e atAvavA mAgu chuM ke, jema jema dareka prAMta aMgreja hakUmata heThaLa AvatA gayA, tema tema te bhAge!mAMthI paisA paradeza ghasaDAvAnA zarU thavAne lIdhe, kudaratI rIte ja vastuonA bhAvA besatA gayA che. madrAsa. I. sa. 1813 I. sa. 1852 veTe dara rA. pe. 7-6 thI 3-0 thI 3-6} zi. pe. 9-2 bhAva ekadama ATalA badhA besI javAthI sarakArane peAtAne ja eTalI gaMbhIra cintA thaI ke,' tenAM kAraNeAmAM tapAsa karavAnI ane rAhatanAM pagalAM bharavAnI ' jarUra jaNAI. paraMtu, pachI paNa bhAve gagaDatA ja javAthI sarakArane jamInavere| ApyA karavA paDayo, ane relave vagerenAM bAMdhakAma zarU thatAM leAkeAne gheADIghaNI rAhata maLI. paraMtu I. sa. 1870nA pArlAmenTarI riTarna'mAM jaNAvyuM 6 tema, " madrAsamAM bhAvA cAlu esatA ja gayA che." baMgALamAM aMgrejasattAnI sthApanA pahelAMnA bhAvA jANavAnuM atyAre kAMI sadhana nathI. paraMtu i. sa. 1813mAM

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para hiMdustAnanI garIbAI kaMpanInA rAjyanI zarUAta thayA bAda ceAkhAne bhAva veTe 2 zi. 8TTa pensa jeTale mesI gaye paraMtu pachIthI, jamInadArI paddhati dAkhala thavAthI, relavee vagere badhAvI zarU thavAthI, tathA ne! vepAra vadhavAthI I. sa. 1873 sudhImAM bhAva 5 zi. 1 pensa jeTale AvI rahyo. te uparathI kalpanA Avaze ke, aMgrejI rAjya zarU thatAM bhAva keTalA esI gayA hatA. muMbaI ilAkAnI bAbatamAM te ApaNane sarakhAmaNI mATe pUratA AMkaDA maLe che. haveTanA dara 15 zi. kar pe. OM p 19 ,, 1863 12 s ,, "" idAranI karI AkAraNI karatI I. sa. 1809thI 1865-6 sudhInA pramANe ApyA che; I. sa. I. sa. 1812-2 1852 1809 1814 1816 1829 1895 1837 rUpiyAnA pA zera 24 28 (2 48 } } "" 22 I. sa. 1856 1861 1863 1864 1865 1862 aMgrejI rAjaya pahelAM aMgrejI rAjya pachI vakhatanA ahevAlamAM juvAranA bhAva nIce rUpiyAnA pajhA zera 3 27 16 16 18 ra4rU

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besatA jatA bhAvA 53 eTale ke, aMgrejI rAjye zarU thatAM ja pezvAnA vakhata lAgyA; pachI relavekSeAna ane rUne dhIme dhIme UMcA AvyA; te have karatAM bhAvA gagaDavA kAraNe uchALA AvatAM pAchA esatA jAya che. I. sa. 1840-50 pajAma rUpiyAnA ratala 41 12. ko dezIrAjya aMgrejIrAjya 1853-2 1854-5 18556 9 eTale ke, aMgrejI rAjya AvatAM ja bhAva gagaDyA. pachI jamInaAkAraNIe karI AMkIne echI karI nAkhavAmAM AvI, relave vagere AMdhakAmeA zarU karavAmAM AvyAM, ane paMjAbI lazkaramAM dAkhala thatAM temanA pagAranI rakame paMjAbamAM AvavA lAgI. eTale 1867-8mAM bhAva pAchA zarUAtanA jevA, eTale ke, eka rUpiye 34 thI 46 jeTalA thavA lAgyA che. paraMtu, paMjAbanI sthiti lazkarI nekarIone pariNAme bIjA bhAga karatAM khAsa judI che, e dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che. eTale, sarakArI amaladArA bhAva vadhAre UpajavAnI je vArtA kare che, te te! kharI rIte, aMgrejI rAjyanI kharAba asarathI mesI gayelA bhAvAmAM relavekSeAna vagerene kAraNe AvelA sthAnika ane tAtkAlika uchALA ja heAya che. uparAMta, kharAba varSa ke dukALane lIdhe paNa theADA vakhata bhAve! caDI gayelA mAlUma paDe che. bAkI, sAmAnya rIte ema kahI

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54 hi'dustAnanI garIAI zakAya ke, aMgretenA hAthamAM hiMdustAna AvyA pachI bhAveA svAbhAvika rIte ja vadhAre UpajatA thayA hoya ema kyAMya nyuM nathI. tethI UlaTuM, bhAve! satata besatA ja gayA che. ema kahevAmAM Ave che ke, majUrInA daramAM vadhAre. thayeA che; ane tethI hiMdustAna samRddha thatuM jAya che, ema kahI zakAya. meM upara bhAvAnI bAbatamAM je lakhyuM che, te dareAnI bAbatamAM paNa arAbara lAgu paDe che. eTale ke, jyAM jyAM relave vagere bAMdhakAmeA zarU thayAM hoya che, tyAM majUrInA daramAM tAtkAlika vadhAre khIjA bhAgeAmAM te kaze! pheraphAra thayeA nathI hotA. thaye! hAya che. agALa I. sa. 1890-1mAM dinAjapura, bakaragaja, 2181, 24 paragaNAM, murzidAbAda, ane khArUdhATI jillAemAM jamInadArI khetIvADImAM majUrIne dara be AnA jaNAvavAmAM Avye che [ riTarna na. 362, I. sa. 1853 ]. have I. sa. 186 6-7mAM baMgALanA judA judA jillAeAmAM jyAM jAhera AMdhakAme cAlatAM hAya che, tyAM paNa majUrInA dara. nIce pramANe che : A pA. grAMDa TrekareDa Di naM. 1 2-6 na 2 2-0 2-0 1-6 "" ,, paTanA brAMcaraDa DiTa nirhuta bhAgalapura baherAmapura dinApura rAyagaDha A. pA... 2-6 -6 1-6 2 thI 1-6

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besatA jatA bhAve bihAraroDa 2-0 24 paragaNuM barAkapura 2-8 citAgAMga 2-6 pUNiyA ra6 bardavAna A to jAhera bAMdhakAmakhAtAe ApelA bhAva che. te uparathI jaNAze ke I. sa. 1830thI mAMDIne 1866 sudhImAM majUrIne daremAM kazo ja vadhAro thayo nathI. muMbaI A ilAkAmAM paNa jAhera bAMdhakAma khAtAe ApelA daranA AMkaDA ja ApuM chuM. puruSa strI chokarAM I. sa. o. pA. A. pA. A. pA. 186 7-8 1868-9 1869-70 2-4 1870-71 5-0 1871-1ra I. sa. 1863mAM vadhAremAM vadhAre dara cha AnA 23 pAI hato, ane ochAmAM ochA 4 AnA 13 pAI hato. paMjAba I. sa. 1868-9nA riporTamAM majUrIne sarerAza dara nIce pramANe ApyA che : A. pA. A. pA. vadhAremAM vadhAre 7-3 ochAmAM ochA 2-5 o o o 2-4 o

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI madhayaprAMta I. sa. 1860-68 ane I. sa. 1768-69 mATe majUrIno sAmAnya dara rajane 2 AnA jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che. jyAM relave baMdhAtI hoya che, tyAM 3 thI 5 AnA dara hoya che. paraMtu, te te bhAgamAM anAjanA bhAva paNa vadhAre hoya che. AkhA prAMtanI sarerAza I. sa. 1870 -71 ne varSa mATe 3 AnA mUkavAmAM AvI che. AkhA hiMdustAna mATe sarakArI ahevAlamAM sa. 1871-2. mATe majUrInA dara nIce mujaba jaNAvyA cheH paMjAba 6 thI 2 pensa ayodhyA 13 pensa madhyaprAMto 3 thI 13 . muMbaI 6 thI 3 ,, - bIjA prAMtonA AMkaDA ApyA nathI. paraMtu eTaluM dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM joIe ke, je vadhAremAM vadhAre dara che, te te jyAM relavenuM ke bIjuM tevuM bAMdhakAma cAlatuM hoya tyAM ja hovo joIe. bAkI, AkhA prAMtamAM to ochAmAM ocho kahela dara ja cAlu hoya che. have vicAra kare ke, 1 pinsathI 3 pensa sudhIno dara e majUrInA daramAM meTo vadhAre' gaNI zakAya ?

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6 sAnu cAMdI ema kahevAmAM Ave che ke, hiMdustAnamAM ghaNAM varSothI puSkaLa sAnuMcAMdI AvyAM jAya che; tethI te samRddha thatA jAya che, ema kahevuM te e. ApaNe e dalIla have tapAsIe. hiMdustAnamAM uparanA nA prathama ! e dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke, je seAnuMcAMdI Ave che, te enI nikAsa tarIke, eTale ke AyAta ane nikAsa vaccenA taphAvata peTe nathI AvatAM. AgaLa jaNAvyuM. tema hiMdustAnanI AyAta ane nikAsa vacce naphe rahevAne badale UlaTI khAdha rahe che. pArlAmenTarI riTarnamAM jaNAvyA pramANe I. sa. 1801 thI mAMDIne 1869 sudhI kula 335,477,134 pAuDa kiMmatanAM sAnuMcAMdI hiMdustAnamAM AvyAM che. aMgrejI rAjye mahesala rokaDa nANAmAM ugharAvavAnuM dAkhala karavAthI calaNI sikkAnI

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pa8 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI moTI mAga UbhI thaI hatI. uparanA ja ahevAlamAM jaNAvyA pramANe I. sa. 1801 thI 1869 sudhImAM dezI rAjya vinAnA hiMdustAnamAM ra6 6,000,000 pAuMDanI kiMmatanA sikakA pADavAmAM AvyA hatA. sarakArI gaNatarI mujaba ja AvaDA moTA vizALa dezamAM vepArI ane mahesulI levaDadevaDamAM sikakAno ghasAre dara varSe 10 lAkha pAuDano che. paraMtu ApaNe 69 varSanA kula ghasArA peTe mAtra 6 6,000,000 pAuMDa ja bAda karIe, to calaNamAM 200,000,000 pAuMDanA sikakA rahe. temAMthI pa0,000,000 pAuMDanA sikkAne gALI kADhavAmAM AvyA hoya ema mAnI laIe, to vAstavika 150,000,000 pAuMDanA sikakA calaNamAM gaNAya. temAM ghasArAnA 60,000,000 pAuMDa umerIe, athavA bhUlacUka na thAya te mATe mAtra 50,000,000 pAuMDa ja umerIe, te sikkA peTe te varSo daramyAna kula ra00,000,000 pAuMDanAM sencAMdI dezamAM vaparAyAM ema kahevAya. eTale loko mATe 135,000,000 pAuMDanAM sonuM cAMdI bAkI rahyAM. tene 200,000,000 uparanI vastImAM vaheMcI nAkhIe, to 69 varSa daramyAna mAthAdITha 13 zi. 6 pensanAM sonuM cAMdI lokone bhAga AvyAM ! paraMtu, iMglaMDamAM Isa. 1858 thI, 1869 sudhInAM 1ra varSomAM ja sikakA vagere peTe vaparAyelAM sonuM cAMdI uparAMta loko mATe mAthAdITha 30 ziliMganAM sonuM cAMdI AvyAM che. hiMdustAnamAM sikakA vagere peTe je rakama ApaNe bAda karI che, te bAda na karIe; ane jeTalI kiMmatanAM sonuM cAMdI kula dezamAM AvyAM che, te badhAM ja loko pAse gayAM che ema mAnIe, topaNa 69 varSamAM

Page #69
senuM cAMdI mAthAdITha 33 zi. 6 pensanAM senuM cAMdI dezamAM AvyAM che. eTale ke IgleMDamAM 12 varSamAM (sarakArI sikkA bAda karatAM ) mAthAdITha 30 ziliMganAM sonuM cAMdI AvyAM che, jyAre hiMdamAM 69 varSamAM sikakA vagere badhuM gaNatAM mAthAdITha kaka zi. 6 pensa sonuM cAMdI AvyAM che. A uparathI jaNAze ke, hiMdIo sonuMcAMdI bahu saMgharyA kare che ema vAraMvAra kahevAmAM Ave che; paraMtu temane saMgharavA mATe sonuM cAMdI ja dezamAM kula keTalAM Ave che ? IDamAM lake tAsako, jhaverAta, ghaDiyALo vagere dvArA keTalAM badhAM sonuM cAMdI saMghare che, te jANItI vAta che. ane hiMdIo kAMI jAnavara nathI, ke jethI temaNe jarA paNa senuMcAMdI na vAparavAM joIe. chatAM darekane saMgharavA mATe mULa mudde dezamAM ja keTalAM ochAM sonuM cAMdI Ave che ? A ja AMkaDA pachInA lekhamAM chevaTa sudhInI gaNatarI pramANe lekhake nIce pramANe jaNAvyA che : pA. zi. pe. hiMdustAnamAM I. sa. 1801 thI 1984 sudhInAM 84 varSa daramyAna mAthAdITha senAcAMdInI vArSika AyAta 0-0-6 iMglaMDamAM I. sa. 1858thI I. sa. 1884 sudhInA 27 varSa daramyAna mAthAdITha sonAcAMdInI vArSika AyAta 0-2-1 dasamAM I. sa. 1861thI I. sa. 1880 sudhInAM 20 varSa - daramyAna mAthAdITha sonAcAMdInI vArSika AyAta 0-pa-7. AkhA yuropamAM I. sa. 1871thI I. sa. 1880 sudhInAM 10 varSa daramyAna sonAcAMdInI mAthAdITha vArSika AyAta 0-2-2 AkhA yuropanI 9 vastIvALA hidustAnamAM te ja daza varSa daramyAna mAthAdITha sonAcAMdInI vArSika AyAta 0-0 6

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI uparAMta e paNa dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM ke, hiMdustAnamAM yureApa jeTalI 'caeNka 'vagerenA vyavahAranI vyavasthA nathI. uparAMta upara jaNAvela rU pensanI rakamanAM senuMcAMdI te hiMdustAnanI rAjakIya, sAmAjika tema ja vyApArika ema badhI jarUriyAtA mATe tathA eTalI meATI vizALa vastIne mATe AvyAM che. temAM paNa dezI rAjyA aphINa vagerenA meTA vecANa peTe je sAnuMcAMdI meLave che, tene samAveza tha jAya che. ekalA muMbaI mAraphate vepAra karanArAM dezIrAjyenA I. sa. 1884-5 nA eka varSanA AMkaDA jaNAya che ke, teo eka varSamAM jeTale mAla lAve che, tenA karatAM 7,130,573 pAuMDanA mAla vadhAre ahAra caDAve che. eTale teTalI rakama temane sAnAcAMdImAM paradezathI pAchI maLe che. uparathI ja mahArathI 10 vaLI eka vAta e paNa dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnI che ke, hiMdustAnamAM je seAnuMcAMdI Ave che, te bIjA dezeAmAM ane che. tema, ke hiMdustAnamAM ja dezI rAjyeAnI bAbatamAM ane che tema, AyAta karatAM nikAsanA vadhArA peTe nathI AvatAM. huM 20 pAuMDane mAla keAI ne vecuM, ane tenA badalAmAM badhuM maLIne pa pAuMDane bhAla mane maLe ane 5 pAuMDanAM sAnuMcAMdI maLe, teA kAI ema na kahI zake ke, 5 pAuDa jeTalAM sAnuMcAMdI meLavIne huM samRddha thayA ! kAraNa ke, mAre teA kula 20 pAuMDanA mAla Apau devA paDayo che. tyAre, iMgleMDanA dAkhalAmAM te!, tyAM je seAnuMcAMdI Ave che, te tenA paradeza sAthenA vepAranA meTA nAnA badalAmAM, tema ja tenA vatanIe paradezamAM nekarI vepAra vagere dvArA .1

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senuM cAMdI je mabalaka paisA kamAya che, temAMthI ghera mekalAtI AvakarUpe Ave che. A uparAMta eka bIjI vAta paNa dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnI che. IgleMDa hiMdustAnamAMthI zarUAtamAM eTaluM badhuM sonuM tathA cAMdI ghasaDI gayuM che, ke atyAre sAmAnya vyavahAra mATe paNa tene paradezathI sonuM cAMdI maMgAvavAM paDe che. kaMpanIsarakAranA aMgreja kare e nyAyI ke anyAyI rIte je meTI rakama hiMdustAnamAMthI paDAvIne varSovarSa IgleMDa mokalyA karI hatI, tenI gaNatarI kAI karI ApI zakaze ? sara jaoNna zere I. sa. 1787mAM jaNAvyuM che ke, "chellAM 25 varSa daramyAna hiMdustAnamAMthI moTA pramANamAM senuM cAMdI paradeza mokalavAmAM AvyAM che. temAMya khAsa karIne to chellAM daza varSa daramyAna kaMpanI sarakAra uparAMta judI judI vyaktioe ghaNuM maTI kiMmatanI cAMdI yurepa tarapha caDAvI che. teno AMkaDo nakakI karI zakAya tema nathI, paraMtu te rakama ghaNI moTI che emAM zaMkA nathI. mane ema kahevAmAM jarAya AnAkAnI nathI thatI ke, kaMpanIe dIvAnI sattA hAthamAM lIdhI tyArathI dezamAMthI calaNI nANuM ghaNuM moTA pramANamAM ghaTI gayuM che. pahelAM je je rastAo mAraphate hiMdustAnamAM bahArathI sonuM cAMdI AvatAM, te to badhA have baMdha thaI gayA che. . . . A pramANamAM dezamAM thayelA sonAcAMdInA meTA ghaTADAne huM eka moTI Aphata samAna mAnuM chuM.' eTale ke, hiMdustAnane bahArathI sonuM cAMdI kharIdavAnI jarUra paDI tyAra pahelAM dezamAMthI kaMpanI sarakAre ane tenA

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI lAMciyA gerA amaladAro ane rAjasattAthI mAtelA gerA vepArIoe meTI rakamanAM sencAMdI iMglaMDa ravAnA karI dIdhAM che. eTale sudhI ke, dezamAMthI sonuM cAMdI cheka ja khAlI thaI javA AvyAM, ane pariNAme rAjanA sAmAnya vyavahAra mATe paNa tene dezanI pedAza bahAra ApI ApIne sencAMdI maMgAvavAM paDyAM. eTaluM yAda rAkhavuM ke, upara je enAcAMdInI AyAtanI rakama jaNAvI che, temAM relave bAMdhavA mATe devuM karIne ANelI rakamane paNa samAveza thaI jAya che. tevA devAnI rakama I. sa. 1869nA aMta sudhImAM 82,000,000 pAuMDanI thAya che. Ama chatAM, dezamAM moTA pramANamAM varSovarSa sonuM cAMdI Ave che ema kahIne evuM sAbita karavA prayatna karavAmAM Ave che ke, hiMdustAna deza varSovarSa samRddha thato jAya che !

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relave vagere bAMdhakAme ema kahevAmAM Ave che ke, relave vagere bAMdhakAmone lIdhe have dezanI pedAzanAM bajAre vadhavAthI tema ja dezanI pedAzamAM vadhAro thavAthI dezanI saMpattimAM vadhAro thAya che, ane thaye jAya che. A dalIla tapAsatI vakhate huM bIjA paNa eka be muddAnI carcA karI levA mAguM chuM. relavethI sAmAnya rIte dezane nIcenA phAyadA thAya che? dezanA je bhAgamAM kaI vastunI pedAza thatI hoya, ke vadhAre thatI hoya, tyAMthI dezane je bhAgamAM te pedAza na thatI hoya, ke tenI vadhAre pramANamAM jarUra hoya, te bhAgamAM relave vaDe te pedAza e che kharca ane jaladI laI javAya che. tethI dezanI pedAzano jarA paNa hisse nakAmo jato nathI. je relavenI sagavaDa na hoya, to je bhAgamAM te vastunI pedAza vadhAre hoya, tyAM te nakAmI jAya, athavA tenI pedAza ochI

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64 hiM'dustAnanI garImAI karI nAkhavI paDe; ane je bhAgamAM tenI jarUra hoya, tyAM vinAkAraNa mAMghavArI pravartyA kare. Ama relave, dezanI tamAma pedAzane upayoga karavAmAM madadagAra thaI ne, tema ja ADakatarI rIte tene vadhAre karavAmAM kAraNabhUta thaI ne, leAkeAnI sukhasagavaDamAM tathA saMpattimAM vadhAre kare che. e uparAMta, AkhA dezanI vadhArAnI pedAzane te jaladI tema ja echAmAM eo kharce badarAe lAvI, paradeza sAthenA vepAra vaDe naphe| meLavavAmAM paNa dezane madadagAra thAya che. relavenA AvA AvA aneka phAyadA heAvAthI badhA deze! relavee bAMdhavA pAchaLa TIkaDIka paisA kharce che; tema ja jemanI pAse tene mATe pUratI mUDI hAtI nathI, te khajA dezeA pAsethI uchInAM nANAM lAvIne paNa relavee bAMdhe che. kAraNa ke, vyAja peTe je rakama paradeza bharavI paDe, te karatAM anekagaNA phAyadA relaveethI dezane maLI rahe che. amerikAnA dAkhale! le. tenI ane hiMdustAnanI sthiti A bAbatamAM sarakhI che. ane khetIpradhAna vizALa deze che. tema ja anene relave mATe iMgleMDa pAsethI paisA uchInA lAvavA paDe che; tema ja relavenA pATA vagere badhI sAmagrI iMgleMDa pAsethI ja kharIdavI paDe che. paraMtu ATalethI ja ane dezeAnI sarakhAmaNI pUrI thAya che. kAraNake, amerikAnI bAbatamAM te te uchInAM ANelAM nANAMmAMthI bAkInI pAIe pAI pachI amerikAmAM ja kharacAya che ane raDe che; tathA amerikAnA leAkAne ja rAjI A badhuM zarUAtanAM divaseAmAM hatuM ema samajavuM.--saMpA.

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relave vagere bAMdhakAme Ape che. tyAra bAda paNa relavethI thatI Avakane badhe bhAga (uchInI ANelI mUDInuM vyAja bAda karatAM) dezamAM ja rahe che. eTale uchInI ANelI mUDI vaDe relave bAMdhavAthI relavee vaDe jeTalA phAyadA svAbhAvika rIte koI paNa dezane maLe, te badhA ja tene maLI rahe che. paraMtu hiMdustAnamAM zuM thAya che? ahIM to, relave baMdhAtAM baMdhAtAMmAM ja uchInI ANelI rakamamAMthI DirekaTare, suparinTenDanTo, amaladAre, Ijanere vagerenA meTA meTA pagAra peTe keTalAya moTA bhAga paradeza taNAI jAya che; ane relave baMdhAI rahyA pachI paNa relavenI Avakano meTo bhAga aMgreja amaladArAnA pagAre mAraphata paradeza taNAyAM kare che. eTale ke, relavenA devAne tamAma bojo ane javAbadArI hiMdustAnane mAthe coMTe che, paNa relavenI Avakano moTo bhAga paradezIo laI jAya che. TUMkamAM, vastusthiti e che ke, hiMdustAnamAM sudhArA ane pragatine nAme je navAM kAmo ke khAtAM zarU karavAmAM Ave che, te aMte to eTalA vadhAre aMgrejone mATe navI jogavAIpa ja hoya che. ane hiMdustAnane to tene kAraNe na lAbha thavAne badale, teTaluM navuM kharca uThAvavAnuM ja AvyuM hoya che. relave vagere bAMdhakAmo ApaNe jarUra joIe che; paraMtu te evI rIte upADavAM tema ja calAvavAM joIe ke, tethI temAMthI nIpajatA badhA svAbhAvika lAbha dezane ja maLe. khAsa Avazyaka eTalA aMgreja salAhakAra ke mArgadarzana mATe kharcavA paDe teTalA paisA kharcavA ApaNe jarUra taiyAra chIe; paraMtu te uparAMta eka paNa aMgreja mATe nahi. atyAre to paradezI mUDI uchInI ANune sAdhavAmAM

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI AvatI badhI kahevAtI pragatithI, dezanI sthiti pelA mAMdA chokarA jevI thAya che ke, jene tenA bApe khavarAveluM badhuM miSTAnna, tene puSTa karavAne badale tenA peTane vadhu bagADI, tene vadhu nirbaLa banAve che. paraMtu ahIM sudhI to, te badhAM bAMdhakAme ke khAtAMmAM vadhAre paDatA tema ja bane teTalA paradezIo ghusADIne temanA pagAro mAraphate calAvavAmAM AvatI lUMTanI vAta ja ApaNe karI. paraMtu, te bAda karatAM, relave vagerethI dezanA mAlanuM paradezI bajAra vadhavAthI, ane teTalA pramANamAM dezanI pidAza vadhavAthI dezanA lokonI saMpatti vadhe che e dalIlano javAba ApavAnuM rahe che. AgaLanAM prakaraNamAM ApaNe joI AvyA tema, paradezI rAjyane kAraNe dezanI mUDImAMthI dara varSe moTo ghaTADo thato jAya che, eTale teTalA pramANamAM dezanI utpannazakti varSovarSa ghaTatI jAya che. paradezI rAjyathI jyAM sudhI dara varSe dezanI mUDImAMthI mATI rakama paradeza ghasaDAyA kare che, tyAM sudhI dezanI nIpaja vadhavAne adale varSovarSa ghaTatI ja javAnI. A muddo eTalo agatyane che, tema ja ghaNuM te viSe eTalA aNujANa hoya che ke, huM jaoNna TuarTa milakata arthazAstranA prakaraNa 5 mAMthI tene lagatA keTalAka siddhAMtanA utArA ahIM TAMkI batAvIza. dezanI udyogazakti haMmezAM dezanI mUDI vaDe maryAdita hoya che." . "dezanI pAse udyogamAM rokavA mATe jeTalI mUDI hoya, tethI vadhAre pramANamAM kadI udyoga saMbhavI zake nahIM.'

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relave vagere bAMdhakAme "jeTalA pramANamAM deza pAse udyoga karavA mATe kAce bhAla hoyatema ja udyoga karanArAone khAvA mATe khorAka hoya, tenAthI vadhAre pramANamAM udyoga saMbhavI zake nahIM." eka bAju jema udyoga mUDIthI maryAdita che, tema eka bAju mUDImAM thato dareka vadhAre udyoganA pramANamAM vadhAro kare che, ke karI zake che." "badhI mUDI tema ja mUDIne badhe navo vadhAre bacatanuM pariNAma che." dezamAM utpAdaka majUrIne nabhAvanAra ke kAme lagADanAra to tene mATe khAtI muDI che : te majUrIthI pedA thayelI cIja mATe kharIdanArAoe karelI mAgaNI nahi." vastuo mATe kharIdanArAoe karelI mAgaNI, to mAra kayA dhaMdhAmAM ke kaI dizAmAM muDI tema ja udyogazaktine javAM. eTaluM ja nakkI kare che. kharIdanArAonI mAgaNI utpAdaka majUrInA pramANamAM vadhAro ke ghaTADo nathI karI zakatI, tenI nirvAha nathI karI zakatI, ke tene kAme nathI lagADI zakatI. utpAdaka majUrIne nirvAha karanAra, ke tene kAme lagADanAra to, te cIja utpanna thatA pahelAM, tene utpanna karanArA majUrone rojI ApavAmAM ke temane kAme lagADavAmAM kharacAtI mUDI che." tethI, vastu kharIdavI eTale dezanI udyogazaktine kAme lagADavI e artha haragija na karI zakAya." eTale, relaveethI dezanI pedAzanuM bajAra vadhatuM hovAthI dezanI pedAzane uttejana maLe che, ema kahenArAone huM eTaluM ja kahIza, ke "vastunI mAga eTale dezanI

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18 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI udyogazaktine nahIMkAraNa, udyogamAM rokavA mATe jeTalI mUDI dezamAM hoya, tethI vadhAre pramANamAM udyoga saMbhavI zake nahIM.' hiMdustAnanA atyAranA saMjogo evA che ke, dezanI tamAma pedAzane dezanI udyogazaktinA nibhAvamAM vAparI nAMkhavAmAM Ave topaNa, tenI Avazyaka jarUriyAta paNa pUrI paDI zake tema nathI. tyAM bacata ke mUDImAM vadhArAnI to vAta ja zI ? uparAMta, e khUTatI pedAzamAMthI ApaNe AgaLa joI gayA tema, dara varSe meTI rakama paradeza ghasaDAyA kare che. pariNAme dezanI udyogazakti varase varasa ghaTatI jAya che. kAraNa ke, "udyoga haMmezAM mUDIthI maryAdita hoya che. eTale ApaNe dezamAM to "mINabattI baMne cheDe baLe che." dara varase mUDI ghaTatI jAya che, ane bIjI bAju, dezanI udyogazakti gayA varasa jeTaluM paNa pharI utpanna karavAne azakta thatI jAya che. eka bIjI vAta paNa ahIM ja jaNAvato jAuM. dezanI pAse paradezIonI satata cAlatI lUMTane kAraNe have nahAM jevI ja muDI rahI che; ane temAM te vadhAro karI zake tema nathI. tethI dezano badho vyavahAra paradezI mUDI vaDe ja cAle che; eTale tene badhe naphe paNa paradezIo ja ghasaDI jAya che. briTiza hiMdustAnanA lokone te, te paradezI mUDIdAranI majUrI ane gulAmI karavA peTe je kAMI thoDuM ghaNuM maLe, teTalAthI ja nabhyA karavAnuM hoya che. amerikAnA gulAme to dezanA

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relave vagere bAMdhakAme mAlika jamInadAre mATe ja gaddhAvaitaruM karatA hatA, paraMtu hiMdustAnanA gulAme to paradezI lokone naphe karI ApI pitAnA dezane vadhu kaMgALa banAvavA gulAmI DhasaDe che. huM eka dAkhalo ApuM : muMbaI bahu paisAdAra sthaLa gaNAya che, tema ja eka moTA baMdara tarIke tene vyavahAra calAvavA mATe tyAM bahu moTI mUDI calaNamAM che. paraMtu te mUDI konI che? meTe bhAge paradezIonI. yuropiyana ekSaceMja beMke ane yuropiyana vepArIonI mUDI to paradezI che ja; paraMtu dezI lekanI je mUDI che, te paNa dezI rAjyanA zaraNe ane vepArIonI ja che. muMbaImAM rokAyelI 6,000,000 pAuMDa jeTalI mUDI dezI rAjyanA zarAphanI che. uparAMta, muMbaImAM vasavATa karIne rahelA ghaNAkharA moTA vepArIo paNa rajapUtAnA, mAravADa, kaccha, kAThiyAvADa- ema dezI rAjyanA ja che. eTale briTiza hiMdustAnanI pitAnI mUDI keTalI che? nahIM jevI ja. kAraNake briTiza hiMdustAna evI rIte evA hAthamAM sapaDAyeluM che ke, tyAM mUDI bhegI thAya ja nahIM! tethI pitAnI badhI sAdhanasaMpattino upayoga karI. mUDIne naphe pote bhego karavAne badale, tene paradezIone ja ApI devuM paDe che. je briTiza hiMdustAnane potAne vikAsa potAnI meLe sAdhavAnI svataMtratA hota, te te potAnI badhI ja jarUriyAto to pUrI pADI zakata ja, teTaluM ja nahIM paNa paradezI mUDIdAre sAthe harIphAIna kSetramAM nirvikane UtarI zakata. sarakArI AMkaDA pramANe ja briTiza hiMdustAnamAMthI lagabhaga 20,000,000 pAuMDa dara varSe paradeza jAya che. A rakamamAM

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hiMdustAnanI garImAI relave vagere mATenA devAnA vyAjanA samAveza nathI thato te rAjyAnA leAkA jeTalA dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM. A uparAMta dezI rUpiyA peAtAne tyAM ghasaDI jAya che, te judA. e badhI rakama chellAM 30 varSa daramyAna padeza ghasaDAI javAne badale briTiza hiMdamAM ja rahI heAta, tA te atyAre paradezathI uchInI mUDI ANIne bAMdhelI badhI relavee bAMdhavA mATe pUratI thAta, tema ja bIjI paNa keTalI relavee tema ja jAhera mAMdhakAmeAnuM kharca pUruM paData. Ama, prathama teA hiMdustAnanI peAtAnI saMpatti paradeza ghasaDI javAmAM Ave che ane pachI te ja sauMpatti leAna tarIke briTiza hiMdamAM ja pAchI lAvavAmAM Ave che. eTale briTiza hiMdustAnane te leAnAnA vyAja peTe pAchI vadhArAnI rakama paradeza meAkalavI paDe che. e cakra Ama satata cAlyA kare che. uparAMta, zarUAtamAM jaNAvyuM te pramANe, te lena vaDe je relave vagere AMdhakAmeA karavAmAM Ave che, temAMthI paNa dezane pUrepUrA lAbha tA maLatA ja nathI, temAMthI thatI Avakane meTA bhAga paradezIenA pagAra peTe ane paradezI kArakhAnAdArAnA naphA peTe pAche. bahAra ja cAlyeA jAya che. TUMkamAM, hiMdustAnanI ' mINabattI ane cheDe maLe che.' * 70

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vacanabhaMga I. sa. 1833ne pAlamenTane karAva: "hidaratAnanA pradezanA koI paNa vatanane, ke temAM rahetA nAmadAra zahenazAhanA koI paNa prajAjanane, mAtra tenA dharmane kAraNe, janmasthAnane kAraNe, jatine kAraNe, ke temAMnA koI paNa kAraNe IsTa inDiyA kaMpanInA taMtra heThaLanAM keI paNa pada, padavI ke nokarI dhAraNa karavAne nAlAyaka TharAvavAmAM Avaze nahIM." * - I. sa. 1858ne rANIne here: "amArI bIjI prajAo pratye ame je kartavyabaMdhanathI baMdhAyelA chIe, te ja kartavyabaMdhanothI amArA hidI mulakonA vatanIo pratye paNa ame amArI jAtane baMdhAyelAM mAnIe chIe; ane sarvazaktimAna IzvaranI kRpAthI ame amArAM e kartavyo pramANikapaNe ane kharA dilathI adA karIzuM. uparAMta amArI e paNa icchA che ke, amArI prajAnA koI paNa jAtanA ke saMpradAyanA mANasone temanI keLavaNuM, zakti

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI ane pramANikatA anusAra temane lAyaka evI amArI kaMI paNa nokarImAM chUTathI ane niSpakSapAtapaNe dAkhala karavAmAM Ave." - vAIsaraoNya leDa lITana: rANIe zahenazAhabAnunuM pada svIkAryuM te prasaMge bharAyelA dilhInA darabAramAM tA. 1, jAnyu. 1977: "je dezamAM tame vasavATa kare che, te dezanA rAjataMtramAM tamArI lAyakAta mujaba bIjA aMgreja prajA jananI mAphaka bhAga levAno tamAro adhikAra svIkAravAmAM Avelo che. tamAro e adhikAra UMcAmAM UMcA nyAyanA siddhAMto upara racAyela che. te adhikArIne aMgreja tema ja hindI rAjapurue tema ja zAhI pArlAmenTa vAraMvAra kabUla rAkhelo che. hindI sarakAre paNa tene potAnI nIti sAthe susaMgata mAnIne svIkAryo che, tathA tene amala karavA te pitAne gaMbhIra rIte baMdhAyelI mAne che." jene kAraNe hiMdustAnamAMthI moTA pramANamAM paisA bahAra ghasaDAI jAya che, ane jene pariNAme hiMdustAna garIbAImAM sapaDAtuM jAya che, te vastu bIjI koI nahIM, paNa aMgrejone bane teTalI rIte hiMdustAnamAM vadhAre ne vadhAre pramANamAM nokarI ApavAnI sarakAranI rIta che. tene kAraNe ja aMgreja sarakArane potAnAM kartavya cUkavAnI ane pote ApelAM vacane pAra na pADavAnI" beTI ane anaitika sthitimAM rahyA karavuM paDe che. cAlIsa varSa pUrve I. sa. 1833mAM pArlAmenTa hiMmatabhera TharAvyuM ke, hiMdustAnanA kAI paNa vatanIne tenI jAti, janmasthAna ke dharmane kAraNe IsTa IDiyA kaMpanInA taMtra heThaLanAM kaI paNa pada, padavI ke nokarI dhAraNa karavAne nAlAyaka gaNavAmAM nahIM Ave. te kAyado ghaDatI vakhate je bhASaNe thayAM hatAM, te temanI pAchaLa rahelI

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vacanabhaga 73 sahRdayatA, dIrdhadaSTi, nyAyavRtti, ane hiMmatane kAraNe cirasmaraNIya thaI gayAM che. maeNkelee je bhASaNa ApyuM hatuM, te koI paNa aMgreja sahasthane chAje tevuM hatuM. teNe jaNAvyuM hatuM :- "svArthI hadayanA ane saMkucita manavALA lake badhAM upanAmAM je upanAmane sauthI vadhAre zaramabhareluM gaNe che, te upanAmathI saMbedhAvAnuM, eTale ke "philasupha" kahevAvAnuM jokhama kheDIne paNa huM kahevA mAguM chuM ke, je kAyadAmAM upara jaNAvelI kalama che, te kAyado ghaDavAmAM madada karanArAomAM eka hovAne kAraNe huM mArI jiMdagInA chellA divasa sudhI magarUra rahIza. ApaNane ema kahevAmAM Ave che ke, hiMdustAnanA vatanIone UMcA darajajAnI mulakI ke lazkarI nokarIomAM dAkhala karI zakAya evo vakhata kadI AvavAne ja nathI. ApaNane ema kahevAmAM Ave che ke, e zarate to ApaNe hiMdustAnamAM ApaNI hakumata TakAvI rahyA chIe. ApaNane ema kahevAmAM Ave che ke, ApaNA hiMdI prajAjano je haka ane lAbha bhogavavAne lAyaka che, te badhA temane ApavAne ApaNe baMdhAyelA nathI; tema ja je lAbha ApavAnuM ApaNA hAthamAM che te ApavAne paNa ApaNe baMdhAyelA nathI; mAtra ApaNI sattAne saheja paNa jokhamamAM utAryA vinA je kAMI lAbha temane ApI zakIe, teTalA ja ApavAne ApaNe baMdhAyelA chIe. e prastAvano huM gaMbhIratApUrvaka virodha karuM chuM. kAraNake, te DAhI rAjanIti tema ja sAcI dharmanIti e baMnenI sAthe visaMgata che.

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI " AvI nAjuka bAbatamAM bahu utAvaLe pagaluM bharavAnuM huM jarAye icchatA nadhI. mane ema lAge che ke, hiMdustAnanA peAtAnI hitanI dRSTie hiMdIene UMcA hAdAe upara bahu dhImI gatie dAkhala karavA joIe. paraMtu jyAre cegya samaya Ave, tema ja jyAre e pheraphAra karave| hiMdustAnanA hitanI dRSTie avasya hAya, tyAre paNa, ApaNI sattA jokhamamAM AvI paDe e bIke ApaNe e pheraphAra karavAne nA pADIe, e vastunI kalpanA paNa huM gussAnI tIvra lAgaNI vinA karI zakatA nathI. "sAmrAjyanA vistAra e kaI haMmezAM lAbhadAyaka hAtA nathI. ghaNIya prajAene e bhArarUpa ja thaI paDayo che; ane keTalIkane te! te vidyAtaka nIvaDayo che. ApaNA jamAnAnA dareka rAjanItijJa kamUla karaze ke, kAI paNa samAjanI samRddhi eTale te samAja jemane anelA che temanI samRddhi. je sAmrAjyathI kAI paNa mANasanI sukhasagavaDa ke salAmatInI vaMde thatI nathI, te sAmrAjyane leAbha karave! e narI mAlizatA che. manuSyajAtine kAI paNa varga nAnamAM kaI pragati kare, ke vananI sagavaDa mATenI rasavRttimAM vRddhi kare, ke jenA vaDe e sukhasagavaDe taiyAra thAya che te dhananI vRddhi kare, e vastu pratye ApaNA jevI vepArI prajA ke pAkA mAla taiyAra karanArI pratna medarakAra rahI zake nahi. hiMdustAna vagere pUrvanA dezamAM yuropIya sudhArAne pracAra karavAthI ApaNane je lAbha thaI zake tema che, tenI kalpanA paNa karavI bhAgye zakya che. game tevI svArthImAM svAthI daSTie jotAM paNu, hiMdustAnanA leke upara sArI rIte rAjya calAvavAmAM Ave -- pachI bhale te 7.

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vacanabhaMga upa ApaNAthI svataMtra hoya - e ApaNe mATe vadhu lAbhadAyaka che; . ane nahi ke temanA upara kharAba rIte rAjya calAvavAmAM Ave - pachI bhale teo ApaNA tAbAmAM hoya. temanA upara temanA ja rAjAo rAja kare, paNa teo * ApaNuM dhotiyAM pahere ane ApaNuM ojAre vaDe kAma kare, e ApaNe mATe vadhu lAbhadAyaka che; nahi ke, teo ApaNuM kalekaTarane ane mejisTreTane salAmo karyA kare paraMtu aMgrejI mAlanI kadara na karI zake tevA jaMgalI, ke tene kharIdI nA zake tevA garIba rahe. sudharelA loko joDe vepAra ka, e. jaMgalIe upara rAjya karavA karatAM vadhu lAbhadAyaka che. hiMdustAna ApaNA tAbAnuM rAjya rahe te khAtara, tene nakAmuM ke kharcALa rAjya karI mUkavA IcchanAra, ke te dezanA karaDe. loko ApaNA gulAma rahe te mATe temane ApaNA gharAka banatA aTakAvavA IchanAranI akakalanI prazaMsA ja karavI ghaTe ! je mahAna prAnane Izvare ApaNA hAthamAM soMpI che. tane ApaNe kAbumAM rahe tevI narama banAvavAnA hIna hetu khAtara, tene mUDha ane jaMgalI banAvavAnuM ApaNe kadI kabUla nahi karIe. je sattA durguNa, ajJAna, ane duHkha upara racAyelI che, tema ja je sattAne rAjakatA tarIkenI pitAnI badhI pavitra pharajonuM ullaMghana karIne ja TakAvI zakAya ema hoya, e sattAnI vAstavika nI kiMmata che ? uparAMta e yAda rAkhavuM joIe ke, sAmAnya karatAM paNa vizeSa pramANamAM rAjakIya svataMtratA tathA bauddhika prakAza prApta karanAra ane bhogavanAra prajA tarIke ApaNu,

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OM hi'dustAnanI garIAI traNa hajAra varSathI rAjakIya ane dhArmika jIlame sahana karatI AvelI prajAnI bAbatamAM e ko bajAvavAne te khAsa aMdhAyelA chIe. jo manuSyajAtanA kAI vibhAgane, ApaNe bhAgavIe chIe teTalI svataMtratA ke saMskRti bhAgavavAnI chUTa ApaNe na ApI zakIe, te| ApaNI peAtAnI svataMtratA ke saMskRti eLe ja gayAM, ema huM te| mAnuM. hiMdustAnanA leAkeA ApaNane namatA rahe, te mATe ApaNe temane ajJAna rAkhavA che ? athavA te temane keLavaNI ApavI che, paraMtu temanAmAM kAMI mahattvAkAMkSA ja UbhI na thAya ema ApaNe icchIe chIe ? athavA te, temanAmAM mahattvAkAMkSA UbhI thavA devI che, paNa tene pAra pADavAnuM eka paNa kAyadesara dvAra ApaNe khulluM nathI rAkhavuM? A praznone javAba hakAramAM kANuM Apaze ? ane chatAM, je mANasa ema kahevA mAge che ke, hiMdIene haMmezAM UMcA haiddAomAMthI khAtala rAkhavA joI e, te mANase, e praznomAMthI ekane paNa javAba hakAramAM ApavA joI e. mane peAtAne kAI prakAranA deze nathI. ApaNI sAme ApaNI karajane rAjamArga ughADe! paDayo che; ane e mA ja hApaNane!, rASTrIya AbAdIne| ane rASTrIya svamAnane paNa che. ApaNA hiMdI sAmrAjyanuM bhAvI gADha aMdhakAramAM chupAyeluM che. atyArasudhI itihAsamAM kadI na jovAmAM AvelA, tema ja rAjakIya dRSTie taddana judI ja bhAta pADatA e sAmrAjyanA bhAvI viSe anumAna . deravAM paNa muzkela (( <<

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vacanabhaga che. te sAmrAjyanI pragati ane vinAzanA niyameAthI ApaNe aNujANa chIe. ema ane ke, hiMdIonuM rAjakIya mAnasa ApaNA taMtra heThaLa eTaluM badhuM vikase, ke te ApaNA taMtramAM samAI na rahe. ApaNA surAjya vaDe hiMdI prajAmAM tethI paNa vadhu sAruM rAjya calAvavAnI zakti pedA thAya. tema ja pAzcAtya keLavaNInA pracArathI yure|pIya jJAnabhaMDAra temanI AgaLa khulle thavAne kAraNe teo bhaviSyamAM kAIka divasa yuropIya saMsthAe ja mAge, eve! divasa kadI Avaze ke nahi, te huM jANutA nathI, paraMtu tevA divasa kadI AvavAnA haze, te tene rezakavAne! prayatna huM haragija nahi karuM. te divasa jyAre paNa Avaze, tyAre te aMgrejI itihAsane sauthI magarUra thavA jevA divasa haze. hInamAM hIna gulAmI ane mUDhamAM mUDha vahemeAmAM DUbelI eka meTI prajAne meLavIne, tenA upara ApaNe evI sarasa rIte rAjya calAvyuM, ke te prajA nAgarikanA badhA ja hukA bhegavI zake tevI tema ja tevA hukA icchatI thaI, e bInA ApaNe mATe zAzvata kIrtinA kaLazarUpa haze; ane temAM bIjo kAI bhAgIdAra nahi heAya. ApaNA hAthamAMthI rAjadaMDa cAlye! jAya; nahi kalpelA akasmAtAthI ApaNI sUkSmamAM sUkSma yeAjanAe UMdhI vaLI jAya; ane ApaNAM zastrAne hamezAM ekadhArA vijaya na paNa maLe; paraMtu, keTalAka vijayA evA hAya che ke, je kadI palaTA khAtA nathI; eka prakAranuM sAmrAjya evuM che ke je vinAzanAM sarva kAraNeAthI mukta heAya che; e vijaye| te mUDhatA upara buddhizaktie meLavelA vijaya; e sAmrAjya eTale ApaNA vijJAna, ApaNI 17

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI nIti, ApaNuM sAhitya ane ApaNI kAyadApaddhatinuM avinAza sAmrAjya." A carcA vakhate ja badhA prakAranuM rAjakIya kAma karavAnI hiMdIonI lAyakAta viSe paNa khUba chaNAvaTa thaI hatI. mArvisa oNpha lenDaskAune sara thomasa manaronA zabdo TAMkIne jaNAvyuM hatuM ke, "hiMdIone ApaNA karatAM sAhajika buddhimAM UtaratA mAnavAne ApaNI pAse kazuM kAraNa nathI. UlaTuM, huM to ema mAnuM chuM ke, gorAo karatAM potAnA kAma mATe teo vadhu lAyaka nIvaDavAno saMbhava che. kAraNa ke, temanI pasaMdagI to tyAMnI AkhI prajAmAMthI karavAnI hoya che; jyAre gorAonI pasaMdagI te kaMpanInA khobA jeTalA nokaromAMthI karavAnI hoya che." dezIo lAMciyA hoya che, e AkSepanA javAbamAM bolatAM te ja carcA daramyAna mi. vAIne jaNAvyuM hatuM ke : "evo AkSepa karavAmAM Ave che ke, dezIe bharosApAtra hotA nathI. tema ja temanI zakti ane buddhi game teTalAM hoya, to paNa temanI pramANikatA upara jarAya vizvAsa mUkI na zakAya. temanI ruzavatakhArInA dAkhalAo TAMkavAmAM Ave che. paraMtu, te badhuM temanA pratyenI ApaNI vartaNUkanuM ja pariNAma nathI zuM? temane pUrato pagAra ke javAbadArIvALo hoddo ApyA vinA, temanA upara agatyanAM badhAM kAma karavAnAM nAkho; temanI vaphAdArI mATe temane kAMI inAma ke aDhatI na Ape; ane pachI temanA upara ruzavatakhArIne Aropa mUke, eno zuM artha che ? ApaNe ja temanAmAM durgaNo UbhA karIe, ane pachI pAchA tene mATe temane

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vacanabhaga 9 sajA karIe; ApaNe ja temane gulAma banAvIe, ane pachI temane gulAma jevA kahIne dhikkArIe, emAM mane kazuM susaMgata lAgatuM nathI." AvI aneka jhINavaTabharI carcAo pachI, zarUAtamAM jaNAvela kAyado pArlameMTe pasAra karyo, ane hiMdIone sarakAranI badhI nokarIomAM jAti ke dharmanA kAMI bhedabhAva vinA dAkhala karavAnuM jAhera karavAmAM AvyuM. e kAyadAne hiMdI sarakAre je vaphAdArIthI ane pramANikatAthI amala karyo hota, to A 60 varSa bAda hiMdustAnamAM Aje je kaMgAliyata, vedanA ane pAyamAlInAM karuNa dazya jovA maLe che, temane badale eka AbAda, udyoga ane samRddha tathA briTiza sAmrAjyane prANuta sudhI vaphAdAra evo deza jevA maLata. are, tenAM je supariNAme baMne dezane cAkhavA maLyAM hota, tenI atyAre te kalpanA paNa karavI muzkela che. paraMtu hiMdustAnanA aMgreja kArabhArIeAe te kAyadAne jANIbUjIne sUto mUkyo ane 20 varSa vItI javA chatAM teno kazo ja amala na karyo. pachI jyAre kaMpanI sarakArano paTe pharI laMbAvI ApavAno vakhata Avyo, tyAre mi. rica, mi. brAITa, ane lorDa TenalI vageree e bAbata viSe pArlAmenTamAM bhAre jhuMbeza upADI. eTale I. sa. 1857nA navA paTA vakhate bilamAM hiMdustAnanI sivila sarvisanI bharatI jAhera parIkSAthI karavAnuM TharAvavAmAM AvyuM, ane te parIkSAmAM hiMdIone paNa sAmela thavAnI chUTa rAkhavAmAM AvI. paraMtu, sAthe sAthe, te parIkSA laMDanamAM ja levAnuM karAvIne, aMgrejono IjAro kAyama rAkhavAmAM AvyA. lorDa

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI sTenalI vageree te parIkSA hiMdustAnamAM paNa levAnuM TharAvavA mATe bhAre laData calAvI; tathA khullA zabdomAM jaNAvyuM ke, parIkSA laMDanamAM ja rAkhavI e, eka hAthe hiMdIone ApelI chUTa bIje hAthe pAchI kheMcI levA jevuM ja che, temaNe kahyuM ke, "je e parIkSA laMDanane badale kalakattAmAM ja levAtI hoya, to keTalA aMgrejo pitAnA chokarAone nekarI maLavAnI AzAe te parIkSA ApavA mATe be traNa varSa hiMdustAnamAM gALavA mekale? " paraMtu, e badhI dalIlo upara koIe dhyAna na ApyuM, ane hiMdIone karavAmAM AvatA anyAya kAyama ja rahyo. pachI to I.sa. 18pa7no baLa AvyuM, ane tene aMte hiMdustAnanuM rAjataMtra kaMpanInA hAthamAMthI briTiza sarakAranA hAthamAM AvyuM. mahArANIe I. sa. 1858mAM pitAno suprasiddha Dhare bahAra pADyo ane hiMdIone nyAya maLavAnI AzA pharI UbhI thaI. e daMDherA pramANe hiMdIone niSpakSapAta rIte aMgreja prajA jevA samAna hakA bakSavAmAM AvyA ane temane briTiza sAmrAjyanI koI nokarImAMthI bAtala nahIM rAkhavAmAM Ave, evuM IzvaranI sAkSIe jAhera karavAmAM AvyuM. paraMtu tethI zuM vaLyuM ? e DhaMDherAno amala paNa pahelAMnI mAphaka tenI jAherAtone bhaMga karIne ja karavAmAM AvyuM. I. sa. 1868mAM AmanI sabhAmAM mi. pheseTe, 'hiMdI sivila sarvisanI parIkSAo IgleMDamAM levAtI hovAthI hiMdIone ghaNuM agavaDa tema ja kharcamAM UtaravuM paDatuM hovAne lIdhe, tevI prAthamika parIkSA hiMdustAnamAM paNa levAmAM

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vacanala'ga 81 Ave, ane temAM pasAra thanArane ja pachI vadhu anubhava ke parIkSA mATe iMglaMDa javAnuM TharAvavAmAM Ave,' evI caLavaLa upADI. aMte I. sa. 1870nI 25mI mArce DyUka oNpha AgaIla hiMdI vajIra hatA tyAre, temaNe eka bila rajU karyuM, ane te pasAra paNa thayuM. te bilanA bIjA vakhatanA vAcana vakhate zvaka sAhebe je vacano uccAryA hatAM, te dhyAmAM rAkhavA jevAM che : ..... A kalamano hetu, briTiza sarakAre TharAvelAM amuka niyaMtraNo ane dhArAdhoraNa anusAra gavarnara janaralane evI sattA ApavAno che, ke jethI te, hiMdustAnanA vatanIemAMthI, temane IgleMDa AvIne parIkSA ApavAnI pharaja pADyA vinA, hiMdI sivila sarvisa mATe pasaMdagI karI zake, evuM pUchavAmAM Ave che ke, te sarvisanI kAryakuzaLatA ane uttamatA sacavAya te mATe pArlAmenTa je niyama bAMdhyA che, tenI sAthe A vastu susaMgata che ke kema. paraMtu, tenA karatAM paNa vadhu agatyano prazna to e che ke, hiMdustAnanA loko pratyenI ApaNI pharajo ane temane atyAra sudhI ApaNe ApelAM vacano adA karavA mATe e vastu jarUrI che ke kema. atyAra sudhI ApaNe jude jude aneka samaye hiMdIone vacano ApyA kyoM che ke, temane kAMI paNa vAMdhA vinA aMgrejonI peThe ja temanA dezanA rAjataMtramAM bhAga levA devAmAM Avaze. paraMtu, I. sa. 1853mAM pArlamenTanI carcA vakhate mArA sadgata mitra oNrDa monTIngale jussApUrvaka phariyAda karI hatI tema, hiMdIone badhA ja hoddAo upara

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI levAnuM meDhe kahyA karIne, ApaNe vastutAe jANIbUjIne tene mATenI lAyakAtanI evI kaparI zarA taiyAra karI che ke, je pUrI pADavI hiMdIo mATe azakaya ja hAya. hiMdI sarvisamAM dAkhala thavAnuM ekamAtra dvAra jo laMDanamAM levAtI parIkSA ja haiAya, tA hiMdIone peAtAnA dezanA taMtramAM bhAga maLavAnI, temanAmAM lAyakAta ane adhikAra hAvA chatAM keTalI zakyatA che ? mane haMmezAM lAgyuM che ke, e parIkSA mATe ghaDavAmAM AvelA kAyadAkAnethI I. sa. 1833nA kAyadAmAM karelI jAherAta ApaNe nakAmI karI mUkI che. ane e viSe hiMdustAnamAM eTalI sakhata lAgaNI pravartya kare che ke, hiMdI sarakAre paNa gayAM keTalAMka varSathI e anyAya sudhAravAne keTalAMka sUcanA karyAM karyA che. temAMnuM chelluM sUcana sara jaoNna laoNrensa, ke je hiMdustAnanA vAisaroya tarIkenI peAtAnI jvalaMta tema ja saphaLa kArakidI pUrI karIne ApaNA dezamAM pAchA AvI pUgavAnI taiyArImAM che, temaNe karyuM che. te sUcanA evI che ke, parIkSAthI pasaMda karelA tema ja sAmAjika hAddo ane sthitine kAraNe pasaMda karelA hiMdIone vArSika 200 pAuMDanI ziSyavRtti amuka 9 ApI, IMglaMDanI parIkSAmAM aMgrejonI AkhI vastInI sAme harIphAI karI pAsa thavA meAkalavA. vicAra te kare! arADha karADathI vadhu mANasAnI vastInA rAjataMtra mATe mAtra 9 ziSyavRttio .... AkhA hiMdustAna upara patharAyelI e nava ziSyavRttione ApaNe hiMdIene ApelAM vacanA ke temanA pratyenI ApaNI pharajanA pAlana tarIke oLakhAvavI, e tA eka mazkarI jevuM gaNAze. . . . ApaNI sivila ... 21

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vacanabhaga sarvisamAM keTalIka jagAe evI che ke, tene mATe karelA umedavAramAM aMgrejI rAjabaMdhAraNa tema ja amalane pratyakSa anubhava hAvAM joI e, ApaNA mahAna rAjakIya samAjamAM te e.tethI ApaNI A navA kAyadAmAM paNa evI zarata rAkhavI paDaze ke, amuka jagA mATe nimAyelA hiMdIone aMgreja saMsthAonA amalane jAtaanubhava hAvA oI e; paraMtu te zarata badhA ja umedavAra mATe na rAkhavI joI e, evuM mAruM mAnavuM che. kAraNa ke, ApaNI sivila sarvisamAM evI keTalIya jagAe che, ke jene mATe hiMdIo pUrepUrA lAyaka che, ane temane ApaNA dezamAM AvavAnI kazI jarUra nathI." A kAyadAnI rUe, laMDanamAM jaI sivila sarvisanI parIkSA ApavAnI jarUriyAta vinA ja, kArya paNa hiMdIne, gavarnara janarale TharAvelAM ane hiMdI vajIra tathA tenI kAuMsile maMjUra rAkhelAM dhArAdheAraNA anusAra sivila sarvisamAM levAnI chUTa garvanara janaralane maLI. paraMtu navAInI vAta e che ke, tyAra bAda cAra cAra varSa vItI gayA chatAM, gavarnara janarale tene mATe kazAM dhArAdheAraNA taiyAra karyAM nAMhe ! sara sI. vIMgiSThe te bAbata AmanI sabhAmAM paNa be vakhata prazna pUchyA, paNa ene kAMI satASakAraka javAba maLyA nahIM. hiMdI vajIre paNa traNa vakhata hiMdI sarakArane A bAbata yAda devarAvI, paNa kAMI vaLyuM he ! pelI je nava ziSyavRttienI ThekaDI hiMdI vajIre karI hatI, te game tevI mazkarI jevI ' hatI, chatAM mIjI meATI yeAjanA taiyAra thAya : 83 pasaMda tenA ane te mATe teNe thoDe| vakhata rahevuM

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4 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI ane amalamAM Ave tyAM sudhI tA lAbhadAyaka ja hatI. paraMtu eka varSa amalamAM rahyA pachI, bIje varSe te paNa adha karavAmAM AvI. aMte cheka I. sa. 1878mAM hiMdI sarakAre peAtAne kharItA hiMdI vajIra tarapha ravAnA karyAM. e kharIte prastuta praznanA itihAsamAM kALA DAgha rUpe hamezAM kAyama raheze. temAM I. sa. 1837, 1858, ane 1870mAM briTiza pArlamenTe ApelAM badhAM vacana upara pANI pheravavAmAM AvyuM. I. sa 1870nA kAyadA anusAra hiMdIene sivila sarvisanI nAkarIe|mAM khAsa pramANamAM (dara varSe sAta) dAkhala karavA, evuM TharAvavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. e vAta hiMdustAnanA geArAone bahu bhAre thaI paDI hatI. temaNe e kAyadAne amala na thAya te mATe ane teTalA prayatnA karyAM. paNa jyAre uparanuM dabANa asadya thaI paDayuM, tyAre temaNe A eka navA nusakhA zodhI kADho, te pramANe hiMdI sarakAre sUcavyuM ke, hiMdIene mATe eka judI sarvisa sthApavI, ane te mATe amuka darajjAnI amuka nAkarIe alaga rAkhavI. eTale ke, pArlamenTe aMdhI nAkarIo mATe hiMdIene ApelI samAnatA e sapATe rada karavI ! joke, e vibhAgamAM paNa aMgrejone dAkhala na ja karavA. ema kAMI naheAtuM ja. paraMtu, hiMdI vajIra A sUcanA kabUla rAkhI na zakyA; ane teNe teA I. sa. 1870nA kAyadAnA ja amala karavA mATe Agraha karyo. teNe jaNAvyuM ke, ' tamArI sUcanAnA svIkAra karavA ene atha tA e ja thAya ke, I. sa. 1833nA pArlamenTanA kAyadAne ja rada karavA.'

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vacanabhaMga chevaTe hiMdI sarakArane I. sa. 1870nA kAyadA mujaba, laMDana jaIne parIkSA ApavAnI jarUra vinA sivila sarvimAM hiMdIone dAkhala karavAnA niyame taiyAra karavA paDyA. kalapanA to evI hatI ke, laMDananA jevI ja parIkSA hiMdustAnamAM levAnuM TharAvIne hiMdIone dAkhala karavAmAM Avaze. paraMtu hiMdI sarakAre A vakhate judI ja jAtanI ramata ramavAnuM nakkI karyuM. teNe TharAvyuM ke, tevI kAMI parIkSA lIdhA vinA ja hiMdIone sivila sarvisamAM dAkhala karavA. teno artha e thayo ke, game tevA tema ja zakti vinAnA ke pitAne phAvatA mANasane sarakAra sivila sarvisamAM dAkhala karI che. temAMthI hiMdI sarakArane eka ja pariNAma lAvavuM hatuM, ane te e ke, hiMdI amaladAro aMgreja siviliyane jeTalA kuzaLa ke kAryadakSa nathI hotA, e duniyA AgaLa batAvavuM. game tema che. paraMtu, navA niyama anusAra hiMdIonI nimaNUka thavA mAMDatAM hiMdustAnamAM kAMIka saMtoSanI lAgaNI phelAvA lAgI. e nimaNukAne te vakhate "DepyuTarI sarvisa" evuM juduM nAma ApavAmAM AvyuM. te vakhate to koIne te sAme khAsa vAMdho uThAvavAnI jarUra na lAgI; kAraNa ke, nAma game te rAkhIne paNa, hiMdIone sivila sarvisamAM dAkhala karavAmAM Ave to basa che, evI lAgaNI te vakhate pravartatI hatI. . paraMtu, hiMdI sarakAranA manamAM pitAnI jana nakkI ja hatI. thoDAM varSa bAda ja, pitAne phAvato hiMdI vajIra nimAtAMnI sAthe teNe eka kamizana nImyuM. A kamizana bAbata

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI be zabdo huM zarUAtamAM ja kahI lauM. jyAre sarakArane ema lAge che ke, potAnI koI yojanAno svIkAra jAhera prajAmAM the saMbhavita nathI, tyAre te bAbatamAM tapAsa karI ripeTa karavA mATe te ekAda kAmazane ke kamiTI nIme che. tenA sabhyo moTe bhAge sarakArI amaladAre hoya che. koI kaI vAra temAM binaamaladAra vargamAMthI paNa keTalAka aMgrejo ke hiMdIone sAmela karavAmAM Ave che. paraMtu te badhA sarakAranI pasaMdagInA ja hoya che. kamizanamAM je sarakArI amaladAro nimAyA hoya, temaNe te sarakArane abhiprAya ja svIkAravo paDe. je kAI amaladAra svataMtra abhiprAya. darzAvIne sarakArane nAkhuza kare, to tenI zI vale thAya. te samajI zakAya tevuM che. e bAbatamAM eka dAkhalo aNadhAryo ja maLI Avyo che, te ahIM jaNAvuM. phAinensa kamiTI (I. sa. 1871-4) AgaLa mi. geDIjhane jubAnI ApavA lAvavAmAM AvyA. temaNe potAnA eka pustakamAM sarakArane na gamatA evA vicAro darzAvyA hatA. temane jubAnI vakhate evI vicitra rIte prazno pUchavAmAM AvyA che, temanI ThekaDI ja thAya. uparAMta, te daramyAna temanA manamAM spaSTa rIte ThasAvavAmAM AvyuM ke, temanA abhiprAya, te je sarakAranI nokarI kare che, tenA abhiprAyene susaMgata hovA joIe. javAbamAM geDIjhe kahyuM ke, sarakAramAM pitAmAM je susaMgatatA hoya, to tene abhiprAya sAthe susaMgata abhiprAya rAkhavA huM taiyAra chuM." eTale mi. Daphe temane tarata sIdhuM ja pUchayuM ke, tame sarakAranI nokarI kare che kema?" ma. geDIjhe kahyuM, 'hA'. ane tame te nekarI upara pAchA jaze ema mAne che ?"

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vacanabhaga eTale ke, sarakArI amadAreAe te dhyAnamAM ja rAkhavuM ke, temane jo temanI nokarIe pAchA javuM hAya, teA mizana AgaLa sarakAranI marajI mujaba ja jubAnI ApavI ! jhubAnIemAMthI AvI tema ja bIjI keTalIye vAtA chapAtA ripoTomAMthI rada karavAmAM Ave che, e vastu ahIM ja jaNAvI lau, uparAMta, jubAnI game teTalI .viruddha paDI hAya, te! paNa kamizana tA sarakAre pahelethI nakkI karelA nirNaya jAhera karavAnuM. te pachI e badhI jubAnIonuM ke kimazanonuM phArasa zA karavAmAM Ave che, te tA sarakAra ja jANe ! mATe have mULa muddA upara AvuM. sarakAre nImelA pablika sarvisa kamizananA pramukha paMjAbane lek. gavarnara ja hatA; ane teNe kamizana AgaLa zarUAtamAM ja je prastAvanA karI, temAM teNe, hiMdustAna ane iMgleMDa e ane ThekANe sAthe sAthe ja sivila sarvisanI parIkSAe levAya te sAme peAtAne spaSTa viruddha abhiprAya darzAvyA. ane navI sthapAyelI sTecyuTarI sarvisa mATe teA teNe be varSa pahelAM ja peAtAne spaSTa virAdha jAhera karyo hatA. iMglaMDamAMthI nImelA sara cArlsa Tarnarane AgameTa upara huM maLyA, tyAre temaNe cekhkhu jaNAvI dIdhuM ke, temane hiMdI vara lorDa kimbaralIe cAkkasa sucanAe ApelI che. huM iMgleMDamAM ja hiMdI vajIrane A praznane aMge maLavA gayA hatA, tyAre temaNe sTecyuTarI sarvisa viSe ane hiMdustAnamAM sivila sarvisanI parIkSA levA viSe potAnA majabUta virAdha darzAvyA hatA. eTale temaNe sara cArlsa TarnDarane kavI ' ceAkkasa ' sUcanAe ApI 27

Page #98
88 - hiMdustAnanI garIbAI haze, te kapI zakAze. trIjA agatyanA sabhya sara cArlsa kovAITe to agAu siyAma bAbata bhASaNa karatAM jaNAvyuM hatuM ke, "sAco prazna to e che ke, ApaNA mAla mATe navAM bajAra meLavavA mATe, tema ja AjakAlano ApaNe vadhI paDelo mAla - ApaNuM piyarAo - temane ThekANe pADavA mATe ApaNe siyAmane vadhumAM vadhu upayoga kevI rIte karI zakIe." je hiMdI sabhya kamizanamAM nImavAmAM AvyA hatA, temAMnA mi. kAjhI zAhabuddIne to mane spaSTa saMbhaLAvI dIdhuM hatuM ke, pote sarakAranI barAbara tarapheNamAM che. temaNe to uparAMtamAM jaNAvyuM ke, "nyAyanA tema ja nItinA bIjA zAzvata siddhAMtonI vAto karavI e bahu sArI vastu che; paraMtu meM te hiMduone AgaLa vadhatA aTakAvavAno nizcaya ja karyo che....! AvA kamizananI tapAsanuM pariNAma zuM Ave? temane tapAsa to karavI ja kyAM hatI ? kamizana AgaLa apAyelI jubAnIomAM bahumatI to hiMdustAnamAM paNa sAthe sAthe sivila sarvisanI parIkSAo levAnI tarapheNamAM ja hatI. chatAM kamizane to hiMdI sarakArane je karavuM hatuM, te ja karavAnI tarapheNamAM pitAno cukAdo Apyo ane pArlamenTa I. sa. 1833mAM tema ja I. sa. 1870mAM ApelAM badhAM * tarapheNamAM 361; viruddha 163. temAM yAda rAkhavAnuM ke jubAnI ApanArAomAM 13.5 TakA jeTalA te yuropiyane ja hatA.

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vacanabhaMga vacano kare mUkI, hiMdustAnamAM sivila sarvisanI parIkSAo na levI ema TharAvIne, hiMdIo mATe eka judI pariyA sarvisa UbhI karavAnuM sUcavyuM. temAM paNa gorAone dAkhala karavAnI chUTa to rAkhI ja hatI ! have A karuNa itihAsanA chellA prakaraNa upara AvIe. I. sa. 1893mAM AmanI sabhAe TharAva pasAra karyo ke, iMglaMDamAM sivila sarvisa vagerenI je parIkSAo levAmAM Ave che, te hiMdustAnamAM paNa sAthe sAthe levI. paraMtu te vakhatana hiMdI vajIra lerDa kimbaralI enI taddana viruddha hato. teNe te TharAvano amala kevI rIte karyo te jovA jevuM che. teNe hiMdI sarakArane lakhelA sucanApatramAM umeryuM ke, "huM e vastu upara dhyAna kheMcavA mAguM chuM ke, sivila sarvisamAM gorAonI pUratI saMkhyA hoya e Avazyaka che. ane e zarata pUrI na kare evI koI paNa janA svIkArI zakAya tema nathI." hiMdI sarakAra pAse pArlamenTanA TharAvano amala karAvavAne badale e rojanAne virodha karavAnI ja cekhI sUcanA hiMdI vajIra lakhI mokale che, ane pariNAme hiMdI sarakAra e AkhA kAyadAne prANuta virodha karI, tene neve mUke che. - je pArlamenTanA kAyadAo kAyadApothI upara caDavA chatAM kacarApeTInA kAgaLa jevA ja rahe, te pArlamenTanA kAyadAo ane vacano upara hiMdIone kyAM sudhI vizvAsa rahe ? Aje eka hAthe kAMIka ApavAmAM Ave che, to kAle bIje hAthe tene pAchuM kheMcI levAmAM Ave che, ane daramyAna

Page #100
hiMdustAnanI garIbAI navA TharAvo ane zahenazAhenA dila jIbharyA DhaMDherAo to varasyA ja karatA hoya che. hiMdustAnanuM atyAranuM AkhuM aMgrejI taMtra navAbazAhIM anyAya ane jorajulamane retALa pAyA upara racavAmAM AvyuM che. ane e pAyA uparanI ImAratane navA navA vacanabhaMgevizvAsaghAto, anyAya ane atyAcArothI jema jema vadhu ne vadhu vajanadAra banAvavAmAM Ave che, tema tema te imAratane karuNa pheja huM vadhAre ne vadhAre najIka Avato jouM chuM. mArA zabdomAM je kaDavAza che, tenuM kAraNa e ja che ke, A be mahAna dezo vacceno saMbaMdha baMnene hitakara ane AzIrvAdarUpa banAvI zakAya tema che; chatAM amuka varganI svAthI ane TUMkI dRSTithI tene ekane mATe zAparUpa ane bIjAne mATe gaMbhIra jokhamabharelA banAvavAmAM Ave che. 2. sivila sarvisa sivAyanI karIe - sara esa. northakeTe I. sa. 186 8nI 8mI phebruArInA potAnA kharatAmAM hiMdI sarakArane lakhyuM ke, "ema nakkI thayuM che ke, prAMtamAM je vadhu agatyanI ane javAbadArInI jagAo che, te to sivila sarvisanI parIkSA mAraphate jemane hAlamAM sarakArI nokarImAM dAkhala karavAmAM Ave che, temanA vaDe ja pUravI joIe; paraMtu te uparAMta bIjI keTalIya jagAe hoya che ke, je sivila sarvisanI nokarIo karatAM Arthika dRSTie ke pratiSThAnI daSTie saheja paNa UtaratI hetI nathI; tema ja te jagAo mATe to hiMdIono ja haka sauthI prathama gaNAvo joIe. paraMtu tame kabUla kare

Page #101
vacanabhaga 91 yurepiyanene ja teTalA zaktizALI taraphathI pasaMdagI che! ke, atyAra sudhI te jagAe paNa ApavAmAM Ave che. e yurepiyanA game beMka kAryAM dakSa hAya, tApaNa temane sarakAra maLavAnuM khAsa kAMI ja kAraNa nathI. tema ja evuM te. kAI ja kAraNa nathI ke je, dezanA vatanIenA svAbhAvika hAne ullaMghI jAya. tethI, yeAgya lAyakAtavALA dezIone bhaviSyamAM te jagAe ApavAmAM Ave, te mATe pUratA khyAla rakhAvA joI e.' hiMdI vajIre A pramANe ceAkkasa sUcanA ApavA chatAM, tenuM pariNAma zuM AvyuM ? e ja ke I. sa. 1870nA TebaranI pRthI tArIkhe hiMdI sarakAre meAkalelA kharItAmAM jaNAvyA pramANe tevI 1523 jagAemAMthI mAtra 221. jagAe ja hiMdIone ApavAmAM AvI hatI. temAM paNa mAtra traNane ja 1100 rUpiyAthI upara pagAra maLatA hatA; 16 te ja 800thI upara pagAra maLatA hatA; ane AkInA badhAne te 400 thI 800 sudhIne ja pagAra maLatA hatA. 3. jAhera AMdhakAma khAtu jyAre grUpa hIla eNnjiniyariMga kaoNleja Amata vicAraNA cAlatI hatI, te vakhate mArI ane hiMdI vajIra vacce patravyavahAra cAlyA hatA. meM dA" nIlaka vagere pAMca jaNanA dAkhalAnI vigatA ApIne jaNAvyuM hatuM ke, temAMnA prathama cAra I. sa. 1861 thI eNnjiniyariMga khAtAnI tekarImAM laI levA mATe hakadAra banyA che; ane pAMcame I. sa. 1867mAM hakadAra banyA che. chatAM I. sa. 1873 sudhI temane te khAtAnI nekarIomAM levAmAM AvyA nathI.

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92 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI jo ke te daramyAna te khAtAmAM moTI saMkhyAnI jagAo pUravAmAM AvI che. hiMdI vajIre e bAbatanI tapAsa karavA vacana ApyuM; paNa te bAbatamAM temaNe pachI zuM karyuM te huM jANatA nathI. mi. grAnTa ke pArlAmenTamAM I. sa. 1871nI trIjI mArce bhASaNa karatAM jaNAvyuM ke, " janiyariMga kolejanI phI tarIke ApaNe (iMglaMDanA vidyArthIo pAsethI) meTI rakama mAgIe chIe ema kahevAmAM Ave che, paraMtu ApaNe traNa varSa sudhI dara varSe 150 pAuMDa mAgIe chIe ane tenA badalAmAM kolejamAMthI pasAra thanArane ( hiMdustAnamAM ) pahele ja varSe 4ra0 pAuMDano pagAra khAtarIthI ApIe chIe. uparAMta ema paNa kahevAmAM Ave che ke, ApaNe dezIone te kolejamAM dAkhala karatA nathI. paraMtu vastusthiti evI che ke, aMgrejone te te kolejamAM dAkhala thavA mATe paisA ApavA paDe che; jyAre hiMdIone to temAM dAkhala thavA mATe ApaNe paisA ApIe chIe, ane chatAM te ziSyavRttione teo upayoga karatA nathI." paraMtu sAcI hakIkata zuM e ja hatI ? aMgreja yuvAnone to kolejamAMthI pasAra thayA bAda nokarI khAtarIthI maLatI hatI; ane pahele varSe ja kara0 pAuMDane pagAra maLato hato; jyAre hiMdIonI bAbatamAM zuM thatuM hatuM, te to meM upara TAMkelA pAMca dAkhalAomAM batAvyuM che. I. sa. 1869mAM sara saimura phIjare che eNnjiniyariMga kolejanA padavIdAna samAraMbha vakhate hiMdI vidyArthIone uddezIne bolatAM jaNAvyuM ke, "hiMdIoe te A eNnjiniyariMga kaLAmAM

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vacanabhaMga 93 pitAnA pUrvajonI kuzaLatAnuM anukaraNa karavuM joIe." te viSe meM "TAImsa oNpha inDiyA'mAM kAgaLa lakhIne TIkA karI ke, "hiMdIone te khAtAnI nokarIomAM dAkhala ja na karavAnI bane teTalI kALajI rAkhyA bAda, bIjI bAju methI AvAM subhASito uccAravAM e bahu behUdu che." pachIne varSo pahele naMbara pAsa thanAra vidyArthIne AsisTaMTa enjiniyaranI jagA ApavAnI khAtarI ApavAmAM AvI. sarakAre vaLI vadhu udAra thaIne te varSe pAsa thanAra traNe vidyArthIone sarakArI khAtAmAM nokarIo ApI. paraMtu I. sa. 1870mAM parIkSA thaI gaye 6 mahinA thaI javA chatAM eka paNa vidyArthIne nokarI na ApI. sarakArI keLavaNIkhAtAe ja e bAbata pikAra karyo ke, sarakAre eka nokarInI ApelI khAtarIthI ghaNA vidyAthIo A tarapha kheMcAya che; ane A pramANe eka vAra khAtarI ApyA chatAM sarakAra koIne nokarImAM nahIM le, to tethI vidyArthIomAM ghaNI nAsIpAsI tema ja sarakAranA hetunI saccAI viSe zaMkA UbhI thavA pAmaze." I. sa. 1871-ranA riporTamAM to pUnA enjiniyariMga kolejanA prinsipAle ja phariyAda karI ke, "gaye varSe eka vidyArthIne nokarImAM levAnI sarakAre ApelI khAtarI pAchI kheMcI lIdhI che, ane bhaviSyane mATe pahelA vargamAM AvanAra vidyAthIne ja te nokarI ApavAnuM jaNAvyuM che, paraMtu tene mATe mArkanI saMkhyA temaNe seMkaDe 6 63 TakA TharAvI che. eTale vastutAe sarakAre bhaviSya mATe paNa e khAtarI baMdha karI che ema ja samajavuM joIe. kAraNa ke, pAMca ke cha varSe paNa eTalI

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94 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI AkarI kaseTImAMthI kAI ekAda jaNa pAsa meM sUcavyuM che ke, pahelA varganA khI. e, nA 10 TakA mArkanI hada che, te A svIkAravAmAM Ave." thAya tA bhale. vidyArthI mATe bAbatamAM paNa hiMdI vajIra tA pArlamenTamAM bedhaDaka chatAM nAyama bhASaNa karI zake che ke, hiMdIaine te ziSyavRttie ApavAmAM Ave che, chatAM teo kaoNlejamAM dAkhala nathI thatA ! madrAsamAM paNa keLavaNIkhAtAnA DirekTara mi. I. o. povela jaNAve che ke, " zikSita hiMdIe dhadhA tarIke sivila eNnjiniyariMga svIkAre, e bahu agatyanuM che. paraMtu, badhAM AMdhakAma sarakAra dvArA ja thatAM hoya, ane sarakArI khAtAmAM UMcA hoddAe maLavAnI AzA ja na hoya, teA pachI ucca varNanA hiMdue sivila oNnjaniyariMganI keLavaNI le evI AzA rAkhavI phegaTa che." rUDakI kaoNlejamAM te I. sa. 1862 sudhI upalA vargomAM kAI hiMdI vidyArthIne dAkhala ja karavAmAM AvatA -nahAtA. I. sa. 1851thI 1870 sudhImAM e kaoNlejamAMthI pasAra thayelA 112 vidyAthIemAMthI mAtra 16 ja hiMdIe hatA; ane temAMthI mAtra chane ja AsisTaMTa eNnjiniyaranI, eNkjhikyuTIva eNnjiniyaranI, ke umedavAra eNnjiniyaranI jagA maLelI che. je paheleA baMgALI pAsa thaIne nIkaLyA, tene mATe hiMdu peTrIyaTa ' patramAM lakhyuM che ke, tenI -tarapha eveza kharAba vyavahAra rAkhavAmAM AvyA ke, teNe ' ,

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vacanabhaMga dhikkArapUrvaka sarakArI nokarImAMthI rAjInAmuM ApI dIdhuM. bIjA eke paNa tema ja karyuM hatuM, tema e jaNAve che. zrI. kanaiyAlAle I. sa. 185ramAM parIkSA pasAra karI hovA chatAM, te haju bIjA vargane ekijhakyuTIva enjiniyara che; jyAre tenA pachI eka varSa bAda pAsa thayelo eka gere, ane tenA pachI be varSa bAda pAsa thayelA be gorA, ane tenA pachI traNa varSa bAda pAsa thayelA traNa gerA, pahelA vargane ekijhakyuTIva enjiniyara banI gayA che. evA to aneka dAkhalA che, jemAM agiyAra ke bAra varSa bAda pasAra thayelA gorAo AgaLa vadhI gayA che, jyAre hiMdIo AsisTaMTanI nokarImAM ja saLyA kare che. dAktarI khAtAmAM paNa e ja vastusthiti che. hiMdIone te khAtAmAM dAkhala thavAnI lAyakAta meLavavA iMglaMDa javuM paDe che. paraMtu, te uparAMta, hiMdustAnamAM paNa yuropiyana ane hiMdI vibhAga sAthenA vyavahAramAM keTalo badho bhedabhAva rAkhavAmAM Ave che, te e be vibhAgonA abhyAsakramo, baDhatInA niyamo, ane pagAronI vigato jevAthI dekhAI Ave che. hiMdIo yuropiyana karatAM keTalIya vadhAre keLavaNuM pAmelA hoya che, chatAM temane, temanAthI UtaratI keTInI keLavaNI pAmelA yuropiyano karatAM UtaratA darajAmAM mUkavAmAM Ave che. hiMdIonA je vibhAgamAMthI keTalAka AgaLa iMglaMDa jaIne parIkSAo ApI pasAra thayA che, te vargane, yurepiyanone varga ke jemAMthI koI e te jAtanI parIkSA ApavAnI hiMmata paNa karI nathI, te varganI nIce mUkavAmAM AvyA che.

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI TeligrApha ane jaMgala khAtAmAM paNa e ja dazA che. hiMdIone IgleMDa parIkSA ApavAnuM TharAvIne, uparanA hoddAomAMthI temane lagabhaga bAtala rAkhavAmAM AvyA che. eTale ke, je kAyado pasAra karatI vakhate aMgreja rAjapuruSonI magarUbI samAtI paNa nahatI, te kAyado pasAra thaye 40 varSa vItI javA chatAM, hiMdIonI dazA to, te kAyado pasAra ja na thayo hoya tevI rahI che. pariziSTa pArlamenTa karelA TharAvone hiMdI sarakAra kevI rIte UMcA mUke che, ane potAnuM dhAryuM ja kare che, tene khyAla to A prakaraNa vAMcanArane sArI rIte AvI ja gayo haze. have IMglaMDamAM potAmAM paNa hiMdIo pratye kevuM manasvI vartana rAkhavAmAM Ave che, tene namUnArUpe, lazkarIkhAtA ane naukAsainyakhAtA sAthe bhAre cAlele patravyavahAra huM nIce ApuM chuM. - meM lazkarI khAtAne arajI karIne tA. 5mI jUna 1896ne reja, IMglaMDanI judI judI lazkarI kolejomAM dAkhala thavA IcchanAra mATenAM dhArAdhoraNanI nakala maMgAvI, ane puchAvyuM ke, hiMdIe briTiza prajAjano hovAthI te kolejomAM dAkhala thaI zake ke kema? tenA javAbamAM lazkarI kacerIe 10mI jUne mane javAba Apyo ke, aMgreja lazkaramAM dAkhala thavA IchanAra umedavAra briTiza prajAjana hovA uparAMta, yuropIya jAtino hovo joIe.

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vacanabhaga 97 meM 14mI jUne kAgaLa lakhIne puchAvyuM ke, pArlAmenTanA kyA kAyadAnI rUe, hiMdIo briTiza prajAjana hovA chatAM temane yuropIya jAtinA na hovAthI lazkarI tAlImamAMthI bAtala rAkhavAmAM Ave che. tenA javAbamAM lazkarI kacerIe rapamI jUne mane jaNAvyuM ke, e zarato pArlamenTanA kaI kAyadAthI nakkI. thayelI nathI, paNa tene mATenAM dhArAdhoraNanI rUe TharAvelI che. - tenA javAbamAM meM ra6mI jUne lakhyuM ke, e zarata je pArlamenTanA TharAvathI nakkI na thaI hoya, to kaI sattAnI rUe nakakI karavAmAM AvI che. 18mI julAInA javAbamAM lazkarI khAtAe mane jaNAvyuM ke, e dhArAdhoraNo lazkarI khAtAnA vajIre potAne mahArANIe ApelA adhikAranI rUe nakakI karelAM che. tenA javAbamAM 19mI julAIe tathA 7mI ogasTe meM lakhyuM ke, lazakarI khAtAno vajIra pArlAmenTanA kAyadAne ulaMghIne ke, mahArANInA DhaMDherAne vegaLe mukIne zI rIte dhArAdhoraNe ghaDI zake, ane hiMdIone bAtala karI zake ? kAraNa ke I. sa. 1833nA pArlamenTanA kAyadAmAM, tema ja I. sa. 1858nA mahArANInA DherAmAM hiMdIone briTiza prajAnA tamAma samAna haka ApavAmAM AvyA che, tema ja temane temanI jAti ke dharmane kAraNe briTiza sarakAranI koI nokarI ke padavImAMthI bAtala nahIM rAkhavAnuM jAhera karavAmAM AvyuM che. vaLI tamArA jaNAvyA pramANe yuropIya jAtino koI paNa mANasa, eTale ke turka, raziyana, bagerayana ke speniyArDa briTiza prajAjana banavAmAtrathI briTiza lazkaramAM

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98 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI dAkhala thaI zake; jyAre kudaratI rIte ja briTiza mulakamAM janmele hiMdI, mahArANIne DhaDhere hovA chatAM, dAkhala na thaI zake, e kevo kAyado che, e mane samajAtuM nathI. * tene kazo javAba na maLavAthI, meM 31mI ogasTe pharI kAgaLa lakhe; tathA 10mI Disembare trIje kAgaLa lakhe tyAre ra1mI Disembare mane javAba maLyo ke, mahArANunA DhaDherAmAM ke bIje kyAMya evuM kazuM ja nathI, ke jethI lazkarI sattAvALAone lazkara mATe ayogya mAnelA lekene paNa lazkaramAM dAkhala karavAnI pharaja paDe. ane lazkara mATenI yogyatAmAM yuropIya jAtinA hovuM e agatyanI vAta che. tenA javAbamAM meM 28mI Disembare lakhyuM ke, tame ema jaNAvyuM ke, lazkara mATenI yogyatAmAM yuropIya jAtinA hovuM e agatyanI vastu che. paraMtu bhAra mULa prazna te Ubhe ja rahe che ke, evuM koNe TharAvyuM che? pArlamenTa ke mahArANIe to tevuM kAMI TharAvyuM nathI. to pachI e bethI paNa meTI evI e adbhuta sattA kaI che, ke je briTiza prajA tema ja briTiza pArlAmenTanI marajI viruddha jaIne evuM TharAvI zake? mArA kahevAne bhAvArtha evo nathI ja ke, lazkara mATe ayogya mANasane paNa hiMdI hovAne kAraNe ja briTiza lazkaramAM dAkhala karavAmAM Ave. paraMtu 225,000/000 briTiza hiMdIomAMthI eka paNa mANasa lazkara mATenI badhI yogyatAovALe na nIkaLe, e na mAnavA jevI vAta che. ane je te kaI hiMdI arajI kare, to tame tene nA zI rIte pADI zake, e ja mAre jANavuM che.

Page #109
vacanabhaga tenA javAbamAM 25mI jAnyuArIe mane jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM ke, mahArANue lazkarI vajIrane, te maMjUra rAkhelAM dhArAdhoraNano amala karavAnI, temane artha karavAnI tathA te anusAra vigatavAra sucanAo bahAra pADavAnI pUrI sattA ApelI che. tenA javAbamAM meM 26mI jAnyuArIe lakhyuM ke, "kAda paNa vajIra pArlamenTane kAyadAnI ke mahArANunA derAnI uparavaTa jaIne koI paNa dhArAdhoraNane artha ke tenI vigato kevI rIte nakakI karI zake? jo ema ja hoya, to pachI zAhI DhaMDherAe ane pArlAmenTane kAyadAe to mAtra chetarapiMDI ja kare; kAraNa ke eka bAju mahArANI jAhera kare ke, hiMdI prajAjanone briTiza prajAjanonI samAna gaLI, briTiza sarakAranI badhI nokarIomAM dAkhala karavAmAM Avaze, ane bIjI bAju te pitAnA vajIrane pitAnA DherAmAM spaSTa jAhera karelI vastune ja bhaMga karavAnI sattA ApI, te DhaDherA upara pANI pherave, e na mAnI zakAya tevI vastu che. mATe huM haju paNa mArA muddAne vaLagI rahuM chuM ke, tamane te DhaDherAnI uparavaTa jaIne, hiMdIone bAtala rAkhavAnI sattA che? Ane traNa mahinA sudhI kaze javAba na maLavAthI meM 12mI mene divase pharI kAgaLa lakhyo, tyAre rapamI mene divase mane jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM ke, "atyAra sudhI vajIre ApelA javAbamAM temane navuM kazuM umeravAnuM nathI.'

Page #110
hiMdI vajIranI kacerIno javAba-1 'hiMdustAnanI garIbAI' vALo lekha taiyAra karatI vakhate sarakArI riporTomAM sarerAza tAravavAnI bhUlabharI paddhati viSe meM ullekha karyo hato. te vakhate mane dareka prAMtanI sarerAze vigatavAra tAravavAno avakAza nahoto. eTale pachIthI avakAza maLatAM ja meM I. sa. 1876-7 nA varSa mATe paMjAba prAMtanI pedAzanAM badhAM kASTaka vigatavAra taiyAra karI, hiMdI vajIra bhakirvasa oNpha hATaTana upara tA.24mI me, 18 ne roja mokalI ApyAM; tathA bIjA prAMto paNa kalakattAnI AMkaDAsamitie nakakI karelAM patraka mujaba potapotAnA AMkaDA taiyAra kare evI sUcanA karavA vinaMtI karI. meM agAu sUcavyA mujaba, paMjAbanA judA judA jillAonI kheDANa jamIna keTalI che, temAM judo judo pAka ekara dITha keTale Utare che, tenI kula pedAza keTalI che, tema ja

Page #111
- hiMdI vajIranI kacerIne javAba-1 101 dareka ThekANe teno judo judo bhAva ze Upaje che, te nakkI karI, judA judA jillAnI kula pedAza meM gaNuM kADhI che. temAMthI bI mATe cAra TakA bAda karatAM, tema ja dareka pedAzanI halakI bhAre jAtanA judA judA bhAva peTe amuka rakama bAda karatAM, pariNAma nIce mujaba AvyuM che : khetInI pedAza rU. 27,72,56,263 hunnaraudyoganI pedAza ( kAcA mAlanI kiMmata bAda karatAM ) rU. 4,08,40,058 khANanI pedAza mATe riporTamAM spaSTa kazo ullekha nathI. khANanI mukhya pedAza mIThuM che. I. sa. 1876-7nA pArlAmenTarI riTarna mAM jaNAvyA pramANe kula 1,795,956 maNuM mIThuM khodavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. sarakAranA jaNAvyA pramANe jakAta uparAMta maNa dITha eka Ane kiMmata peTe caDAvavAmAM Ave che. eTale 1,795,956 maNanI kula kiMmata 1,12.247 rUpiyA thAya. bIjI cIjo mATe kaze aMdAja sarakArI riporTamAM maLato nathI. paraMtu badhI khANonI maLIne kula pedAza huM traNa lAkha rUpiyA mUkuM chuM. DhoraDhAMkharanI pedAza mATe kazA AMkaDA maLI zakatA nathI. temano khetInA kAmamAM je upaga thAya che, tenI kiMmata to, kheDUta ane majUranI peThe khetInI pedAzamAM samAI jAya che. uparAMta vAhanabhADuM, khorAka ane dUdha peTe je Avaka thAya, te daravarSanI kula pedAzamAM umeravI paDe. meM khetInI pedAza gaNatI vakhate, halakA dhAnanI pedAzano moTA bhAga nA khANa tarIke vaparAtuM hovAthI kula pirAzamAMthI bAda karI lIdhuM che. eTale DhoranI Avakano A

Page #112
102 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI . bhAga ahIM na umerIe to paNa cAle. chatAM tevI rahI-- sahI badhI bAbato mATe huM 33 karoDa rUpiyA umerI lauM chuM. e rIte gaNatAM paMjAbanI kula pedAza vArSika kapa karoDa rUpiyA athavA 35,370,000 pAuDa jeTalI thAya che. tene te prAMtanI 17,600,000nI vastImAM vaheMcatAM mAthAdITha vArSika pedAza I. sa. 1876-7nA varSa mATe 2 pAuMDa Ave che. jo ke, meM 'hiMdustAnanI garIbAI e. prakaraNamAM paMjAba prAMtanI pedAza 2 pA. 9 zi. pa pa. mUkI che. game tema ho, eTaluM to nakakI ke, hiMdustAnanA sArAmAM sArA prAMtamAMnA eka prAMtamAM mAthAdITha vArSika Avaka 20 rUpiyA che. have ApaNe I. sa. 1876-7nA bhAvoe, khetImAM rokAyelA (puruSa) majUra mATe jIvananI AvazyakatAenI kiMmata gaNue. anAja zera zerano rUpiye varSanI varSa mAM. lATa 1 365, 25 14.9 cokhA 7.0, 2 kapa 18 mIThuM 1ausa 11 13 ghI 1 , 3.11. masAlo 2 pAI ... 3.1 3 tamAku 1 , 2.1 zAka 1 , 1.8 kula. 37.2 zo? rAjane bhAva kiMmata ) dALa !bs

Page #113
hiMdI vajIranI kacerIne javAba-1 103 AmAM mAMsa, khAMDa, dUdha, cA vagere kazAno samAveza nathI thato te dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM. strInuM khAdhAkharca paNa teTaluM ja Ave; paNa tamAku vagerenuM kharca bAda karatAM mAtra kara rUpiyA gaNe. 1rathI 18 varSanI vaccenA 1 juvAniyAnuM paNa lagabhaga teTaluM kharca Ave; paraMtu mAtra 26 rUpiyA gaNe. tathA 12 varSathI nIcenA 1 bALakanuM kAMI kharca na mUka; jo ke ema haMmezAM banatuM nathI. kapaDAM strI 2. A. rU.A. 2 dhotiyAM 1-0 2 pAyajAmA 1-0 2 jeDa jeDA 1-0 1 ghAgharo 1 iMTe 1-0 2 cAdara . 1-8 2 garama baMDI 1-8 ja coLI 1-0 2 kAmaLI 4-0 baMgaDIo 0-8 laMgoTI 2-4 ra jeDa jeDA 0-8 1 cAdara 0-12 vALa hALavAnuM 0-3 2 pAyajAmA 9-12 kula 10-4 kula-11 kuTuMbanuM sahiyAruM kharca rU. A. eka varSanA jhUMpaDuM rU. 60nuM tenI marAmata - 9; rAMdhavAnAM ke bIjAM vAsaNa * koi lAkaDAM, rAjane paise 5-11 , dIvAbattI 19-15 7-1ra ,

Page #114
10-4 6-0 104 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI - kula cAra jaNanuM kuTuMba gaNatAM barAka kapaDAM sahiyAruM kula kharca puruSa strI , juvAniyo (1ra varSathI uparano) ra6-0 bALaka (12 varSathI nIcenuM) 1-0 -0 950 22 -15 19-15 13-14 eTale ke mAthAdITha 34 rUpiyA. paraMtu Avaka to che mAthAdITha 20 rUpiyA. uparanI gaNatarImAM lagna, janma, ane maraNanuM kAMI kharca nathI gayuM, tema ja vaidakIya, sAmAjika ke dhArmika evuM paNa bIjuM kharca nathI gamyuM. uparAMta vastuonA je bhAva gaNyA che, te paNa chellAM 10 varSamAM ochAmAM ochA gaNyA che. . mArA e patrane tA. 9 oNgasTa 1880nA javAbamAM hiMdI vajIra taraphathI mane jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM ke, "tame badhA prAMtamAM e jAtanA AMkaDA taiyAra karavAmAM Ave evuM sUcave che. paraMtu, baMgALamAM tevA AMkaDA taiyAra karavA mATe kazAM sAdhano ja nathI; tema ja bIjA prAMtamAM paNa sAcA AMkaDA taiyAra karavAne pUratAM sAdhano che ema na kahevAya. tema chatAM tamAre kAgaLa hiMdI sarakAra upara

Page #115
hiMdI vajIranI kacerIno javAba 1 105 cha mekalI ApavAmAM AvyA che. tamArA kAgaLanI vigate upara amArI kacerIe taiyAra karelA javAbanI eka nakala tamArI jANa mATe sAthe bIDI che. ' te nakalamAM hiMdI varanI kacerI taraphathI mi. epha. sI. Dencarsa taiyAra karele! javAba ke yi che. te nIce mujama cheH rAkhIne " je sarakArI AMkaDAo upara AdhAra mi. dAdAbhAI e peAtAne AkhA kaisa taiyAra karyA che, te AMkaDAe bhAgye ja vizvAsapAtra hAya che. kAraNa ke, te AMkaDAe sarerAzarUpa hAya che; ane te dareka sarerAza bahu meATA vistArane lAgu paDatI hai, temAM saMjoge! ane sthiti anusAra judA judA vibhAgeAmAM ghaNA pheraphAra heAvAne saMbhava hAya che. 66 1. mi. dAdAbhAI e peAtAnI gaNatarImAM pULA ane kaDaLanI kAMI Avaka gaNI nathI; tema ja DhoraDhAMkharanI pedAzanI kiMmata AMkavAne paNa prayatna karyAM vinA, rahIsahI vastue peTe amuka manasvI rakama mUkI che. 2. " vaLI temaNe khetInI tema ja hunnaraudyoganI Avakane bhegI karI, AkhI vastI vacce vaheMcI nAkhI che; paraMtu temAMnA keTalA kheDUta che, keTalA kArIgara che, ane keTalA te e uparAMta bIjI rIte Avaka meLavanArA che, te jaNAvyuM nathI. vastutAe vastIne! meTA bhAga evA hAya che ke, je jAte anna pakavatA hAtA nathI, ke kAMI hunnaraudyoga paNa karatA nathI; paraMtu tenI pedAze| kharIdavAnA paisA meLavatA heAya che. te jema ke, relavenI AvakathI, sarakArI

Page #116
hiMdustAnanI garIbAI jAmInagIrIovALI rakamonA vyAjanI AvakathI, sthAvara milakatanI AvakathI, vepAranA naphAthI, pagArathI, pinathI, khetI sivAyanI majUrInI AvakathI, dAktarI vagere dhaMdhAonI AvakathI vagere. te badhuM to mi. dAdAbhAI e gaNatarImAM ja lIdhuM nathI. 3. "I. sa. 1871nI vastIpatrakamAM jaNAvyA pramANe briTiza paMjAbanI kula 17,611,498nI vastImAMthI 9,689,650 kheDUto che; tema ja 1,776,786 pukhta vayanA puruSa eTale ke temanA kuTuMba sAthe gaNatAM vastInAM 4,500,000 manuSya duraudyogamAM rokAyelAM che. Ama, khetI ke huraudyoga upara AdhAra na rAkhanAra evAM kula 3,pa00,000 mANase rahe che, ke jemanI Avaka khetI ke. hunnaraudyoga sivAyanAM bIjA sAdhano dvArA AvatI hoya che. 4. "mi. dAdAbhAI paMjAbanI mAthAdITha vArSika Avaka 20 rUpiyA jaNAve che, ane sAmAnya majUranuM mAthAdITha vArSika kharca 34 rUpiyA jaNAve che. to pachI 20 rUpiyAnI AvakamAMthI paMjAbanA loke 34 rUpiyAnuM kharca zI rIte kare che, ane jIvatA rahe che, te jaNAvavAnI che te taldI ja letA nathI. 5. "mi. dAdAbhAInA ja AMkaDA kabUla rAkhIe, to paNa bIjI rIte dalIla karavAthI ema batAvI zakAya tema che ke, paMjAbane kheDUta garIba hovAne badale AbAdInI sthitimAM che. khetInI pedAza to je pakave tenI ja kahevAya. te pedAzamAMthI te prathama potAnuM ane pitAnA kuTuMbanuM bharaNapoSaNa kare; ane bAkI rahe temAMthI keTaloka bhAga vecIne

Page #117
hiMdI vajIranI kacerIne javAba-1 103 mahesUla bhare ke kapaDAMlattAM kharIde athavA potAnA bIjA majUre ke Azritane Ape. have mANasadITha rojanuM doDha. ratala anAja joIe ema gaNatAM, varSe dahADe eka mANasane papa0 ratala anAja joIe. have paMjAba prAMtanI khetInI kula padAza kheDUtavarganI vastImAM ja vahecI nAkhIe, tathA kula pedAzamAMthI khAdhAkharca mATe gayelA bhAga uparAMta 63 TakA bI mATe jAya, 63 TakA DhoranA khANa peTe jAya tathA. 2 TakA nakAmA jAya, ema gaNatAM bAkI rahetI khetInI pedAzamAMthI mAthAdITha varSe dahADe 24 rUpiyA bIjI jarUriyAta. mATe kheDUta pAse bAkI rahe. " kheDUta sivAyanI paMjAbanI vastI 7,921,848 jeTalI che. anAjanI kula pedAzamAMthI kheDUtonA rAkanA.. DhoranA khANanA, tathA bI vagerenA dANA bAda karatAM bAkInI. vastI mATe kula 5,401,151,0pa9 ratala dANA bAkI. rahe che. tene mATe paNa mAthAdITha papa0 ratala dANA. gaNatAM paMjAba prAMtamAM varSe dahADe 1,094,174,659 ratala dANa vadhe che. eTale ke, paMjAbamAM jeTaluM dhAna pAka che, temAMthI tenI AkhI vastIne khorAka maLI rahe che. eTaluM ja nahIM paNa temAMthI ghaNo bhAga bahAra vecIne paisA. pedA karI zakAya tema che. upara jaNAvyuM tema hunnaraudyogamAM vastInAM 4,500,000 mANaso rokAyelAM che. paraMtu mi. dAdAbhAI hunnara udyoganI kula Avaka 1,840,058 rUpiyA eTale ke mAthAdITha 9 rUpiyA ja gaNe che. vastIne ATalo moTo bhAga vArSika eTalI ja Arvaka mATe zA mATe vaitaruM karyA kare,

Page #118
108 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI athavA teTalAmAMthI zI rIte peTa bhare, e samajI zakAya tema nathI. eTale mi. dAdAbhAInI gaNatarImAM ja kAMka bhAre bhUla che, e ughADuM che." have, mi. DencarsanA upara jaNAvelA rakriyA ApaNe eka pachI eka tapAsIe. te kahe che ke, me pULA ane kaDamanI kiMmata umerI nathI. paraMtu me te pULA kaDaba to zuM, paNa ghAsacAre, kapAsiyA, tema ja bIjAM paNu je kAMI khANa jAnavA mATe thatuM hoya, tene mArI gaNatarImAM lIdhuM nathI. ane tenuM kAraNa e che ke, kAM tA ApaNe khetInI kula pedAza gaNIne, mANasatI vastImAM vahe...catA pahelAM, DhAra mATe vaparAtI cInte temAMthI bAda karavI joI e, athavA te mAtra manuSyane kAmamAM Ave evI cIjo laIne ja, temane mANasanI vastImAM vaheMcavI joI e. varasa daramyAna DhAra keTaluM khAze ene hisAba je mi. DenTa pUrA pADI zakatA hAya, tA temaNe sUcavelI rIta akhatyAra karavAmAM mane vAMdho nathI. paraMtu jo ema na banI zakatuM hoya, teA pachI meM svIkArelI rItamAM ze vAMdhe AvI zake, te paNa mane samajAtuM nathI. bIjA karAmAM mi. Denvasa relavethI thatI Avaka vagere AvA meM nathI gaNI, ema jaNAve che. have, 'relavethI thatI Avaka ' ne mi. Denvasaze! atha kare che, te huM jANatA nathI. paraMtu temanA eka lekhamAM temaNe jaNAvyuM che ke, relavethI vagerenA vadhAre bhAva Upaje che; ane e rIte je hAya che, tenI saMpattimAM vadhAre anAja prAMtamAM thAya che.' thaIne relave jatI e rIte zvetAM

Page #119
hiMdI vajIranI kacerIne javAba- 109 relavethI dezanI saMpattimAM sAce ja navo vadhAre thAya che ke kema, te ApaNe joIe. dhAro ke, paMjAbamAM 100 maNa ghau che; ane tenI kiMmata kheDUtane 100 rUpiyA maLe che. have dhAre che, te ghauM relave dvArA muMbaI gayA. tyAM tenA rU. 125 UpaDyA. have mi. Dengasa ema kahevA mAge che ke, A pramANe relave dvArA ghauno hAthabadalo thavAthI dezanI saMpattimAM 25 rUpiyAno vadhAro thaye. paraMtu tema kevI rIte kahI zakAya ? kAraNa ke, 100 maNa ghauM paMjAbamAM hatA, ane 125 rUpiyA muMbaImAM hatA. relave mAraphata ghauMnI pherabadala thavAthI paMjAbanA kheDUtane to tenA 100 rUpiyA maLyA; ane bAkInA 25 rUpiyA e ghauM muMbaI vecanAra dalAle ane relavevALAoe vaheMcI lIdhA. temAM dezanI saMpattimAM navo zo vadhAre thayo? ghauMne eka sthaLethI bIje sthaLe laI javAmAtrathI ja je saMpattimAM vadhAro thato hoya. to to lokoe potAnI badhI pedAza relave mAraphate eka ThekANethI bIje ThekANe pheravyA karavI; jethI relavenAM jAduI cakra mAraphate dezanI saMpatti vayA karaze; ane koIne kAMI kAmadhaMdho karavAnI ja jarUra nahIM rahe ! have, mi. Dencarse jaNAvelI " sarakArI jAmInagIrIovALI rakamanA vyAjanI" Avaka tapAsIe. dhAro ke mArI pAse cAra TakA vyAjanAM lAkha rUpiyAnAM sarakArI kAgaLiyAM che. te kAgaLiyAM pitAmAMthI dhana, dhAnya ke bIjuM kAMI pedA nathI ja . thavAnuM. te kAgaLiyAMne artha mAtra eTaluM ja che ke, sarakAra dara varSe mane 4000 rUpiyA Apaze, ane te paNa jAduthI utpanna karIne nahIM; paNa dezanI mahesUlamAMthI. e mahesUla

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"110 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI dezanI vAstavika padAzamAMthI ja ugharAvelI haze! eTale sarakArI sIkyoriTIomAMthI thayelI mArI 4000 rUpiyAnI Avaka, dezanI kula pedAzamAMthI meM lIdhela hissa ja che. eTale dezanI kula pedAzamAM teno samAveza thaI ja gayo che. tene kAraNe dezanI kula pedAzamAM kaze navA umere karavAno nathI. te ja pramANe mi. DenDarse jaNAvelI "sthAvara milakata'nI AvakanuM paNa samajavuM. meM ghara bhADe ApyuM hoya, to te ghara pate kAMI kazuM navuM pedA nathI karavAnuM. mAtra dezanI pedAzane hAthaphera thavAnuM che. bhAre bhADuAta mane je bhADu Apaze, te kAM to khetInI pedAzamAMthI ke hunnaraudyoganI pedAzamAMthI ja Apaze. eTale teno samAveza te te rakamanI gaNatarImAM thaI ja gayo che. have ApaNe vepArano naphe tapAsIe. prathama to padeza sAtheno vepAra jaI e. e vAta to sAcI che ke, paradeza sAthenA vepAramAM je napho thAya, te dezanI samRddhimAM navA umerArUpa ja kahevAya. paraMtu kamanasIbe hiMdustAnanI sthiti te bAbatamAM UlaTI che. I. sa. 1871thI 1878 sudhInA AMkaDA tapAsatAM mAlUma paDe che ke, hiMdustAnanI 485,186,749 pAuMDa jeTalI nikAsa upara kazo nake pAcho AvavAne badale kula 342,312,799 pAuDanI ja kula AyAta te varSo daramyAna thaI che; eTale ke varSa dahADe kula 18,000,000 pAuMDa UlaTA dezamAMthI ochA thayA che. padeza sAthenA vepAramAMthI ApaNane bIjA dezonI jema 1pa ke 20 TakA naphe maLavAne badale, dezanI nikAsano ja 30 TakA jeTalo bhAga UlaTe paradezamAM rahe che.

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- hiMdI vajIranI kacerIne javAba-1 111 have dezanA AMtarika vepAranI Avaka joIe. tethI paNa dezanI kula pedAzamAM kaze no umero nathI thata; paraMtu nANAM ane pedAzane mAtra hAthaphera thAya che. e vastu ApaNe agAu joI AvyA chIe, mi. DenDarse jaNAvelI pagAra ane penzananI Avaka paNa dezanI pedAzamAM kaze navo umere nathI karatI, e ughADuM ja che. kAraNa ke, dezanI pedAzamAMthI 65,000,000 pAuMDanI je bhAre rakama sarakAra mahesUla peTe laI le che, temAMthI ja badhA pagAra ke pezane cukavAya che. uparAMta, hiMdustAnamAM aMgrejI rAjya heThaLanA rAjataMtramAM je thokabaMdha paradezI aMgrejone moTA moTA pagAroe jyAM ne tyAM nokarI ApavAmAM AvI che, te kAraNe upara jaNAvelI 65,000,000 pAuMDanI mahesulamAMthI 30,000,000 thI 40,000,000 pAuMDa jeTalo moTo bhAga paradezIonAM khissAmAM jAya che. sAmAnya sthiti to evI hoya ke, sarakAre prajAnI pedAzamAMthI lIdheluM mahesUla pagAra vagere mAraphate dezane ja pAchuM maLe ane dezamAM ja rahe. paraMtu, ahIM to upara jaNAvelI viparIta dazA varte che; ane vastutAe dezanI kharI khAnAkharAbInuM e ja mULa che. mi. DenDarsa potAnA ja pagAranI vAta tapAsI jue to temane khabara paDaze ke, te pagAranI rakamathI hiMdustAnanI saMpattimAM na vadhAre thavAne badale dezanI pedAzamAM teTale khADo ja paDyo che ! A ja rIte "khetI sivAyanI majUrInI Avaka, dAktarI vagere dhaMdhAnI Avaka, vyAje mUkelI rakamenI - Avaka, tema ja tevAM bIjAM badhAM sthAnenI AvakathI' paNa

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112 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI dezanI kula pedAzamAM kazo navo umero thato nathI, paNa mAtra hAthaphera thAya che, e samajAya tevuM che. cethA phakarAmAM mi. Dengasa mane pUche che ke, tamArA kahyA pramANe je lekonI mAthAdITha Avaka 20 rUpiyAnI hAya, ane sAmAnya majUranuM kharca paNa mAthAdITha 34 rUpiyA hoya, to pachI loko jIve che zI rIte ? paraMtu, sAcI vAta e che ke, e savAla te huM ja sarakArane pUchuM chuM. je meM jaNAvelA kula pedAzanA AMkaDA sAcA hoya, ane mi. Dengarsa bIjI koI rIte tene jUThA pADI zakatA na hoya, to pachI, UlaTuM sarakAre mane tema ja duniyAne javAba ApavAno rahe che ke, temanA rAjyamAM leke jIve che kema karIne ? tema ja dezanI vArSika pedAzamAMthI lokonuM vArSika kharca nIkaLatuM na hoya, ane te mATe temane dezanI mULa mUDI upara cAluM hAtha nAkhyA karavo paDato hoya, to samagra deza paNa keTalo vakhata Avaze ? uparAMta, e sthitimAM sarakArane kAMI karavApaNuM prApta thAya che ke kema ? hiMdustAna evo phaLadrupa tema ja vizALa deza che ke, tenA lokonAM khaMta ane mahenata vaDe tema ja Adhunika vijJAnanI doravaNI vaDe te eTalI saMpatti pedA karI zake tema che ke, temAMthI sarakArane potAne atyAranI najIvI mehesUla karatAM be ke traNagaNuM vadhAre mahesUla maLI zeka; tema ja leko paNa AnaMdapUrNa sukhasamRddhimAM rahI, dezanI badhI aNakheDAyelI Arthika zakyatAone kheDI zake. tene badale sarakArane potAnI mahesUlane cha bhAga cIna jevA dezanI eka bIjI moTI prajAne aphINa khavarAvIne ja

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hiMdI vajIranI kacerIne javAba-1 113 meLavavI paDe che, uparAMta, teTalI ja bIjI Avaka garIba ane bhUkhe maratAM mANasenA capaTI mIThA upara bhAre karI nAkhIne meLavavI paDe che. te Avaka na hoya to hiMdustAnamAMthI teTalI navI rakama kema karIne UbhI karI zakAya, e nirAzAjanaka prazna tene pUchavo paDe che. e vastu tene pitAne mATe ja zarama bharelI nathI ? aMgrejo jevI akalamaMda prajA hiMdI prajAnI svAbhAvika ane sukhapUrNa samRddhi dvArA hiMdustAna jevA dezamAMthI pitAne joItI mahesUla na meLavI zake, e A pragatimAna jamAnAmAM navAInI vAta che. atyAre hiMdustAnanA lake iMgleMDa pAsethI mAthAdITha vArSika mAtra 3 ziliMga jeTalo mAla kharIde che. paraMtu hiMdustAnanA loko samRddhimAna hoya, te mAthAdITha 1 pAuDa jeTalo mAla iMgleMDa pAsethI kema na kharIde ? to pachI IgleMDane bIjA koI dezamAM potAno mAla vecavA javuM paNa zuM kAma paDe ? paraMtu tema thavA mATe te hiMdustAnanuM atyAranuM asvAbhAvika cheSaNa aTakAvavuM joIe ane tene prathama samRddha thavA devuM joIe. te pachI hiMdustAna atyAra karatAM paNa IgleMDane vadhu lAbhadAyaka nIvaDe, emAM zaMkA nathI. * temAM paNa yAda rAkhavA jevuM to e che ke, iMglaMDamAM to aphINa tema ja tevI badhI vastuone amuka khAsa paravAnAvALA davAvALAo ja rAkhI zake che ane dAktaranA paravAnAvALAne ja vecI zake che, jyAre hiMdustAnamAM to dareka zerIne khUNe jAhera makAnamAM te jhera vecavAmAM Ave che.

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114 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI pariziSTa uparanA prakaraNamAM jaNAvelI hiMdustAnanI kaMgAliyatanI bIjI aneka rIte khAtarI karI zakAya tema che: bIjA dezamAM sarakArane mAthAdITha mahesUlanI keTalI Avaka thAya che tenA AMkaDA : (moTe bhAge I. sa. 1886nA) deza vi. pa. deza oNsTreliyA 139-8 chaTali 39-10 IgleMDa oN ihaM You's raziyA Ijipta 30-11 DenmArka 26-11 amerikA praziyA (jarmanI) 41-2 hiMdustAna 4 -1 vaDodarA 1ra-3 bejiyama 45-7 bhAvanagara kAnsa 73-6 goMDaLa 18-0 spena 41-10 vaDhavANa 18-10 hiMdustAnanI aMgreja sarakAra hiMdustAnamAMthI ATaluM ochuM mahesUla ugharAve che, te kAMI aMgrejI rAjataMtra satuM che tethI nahi, paraMtu dezanI mAthAdITha pedAza ja eTalI ochI che ke, temAMthI vadhu mahesUla kema karIne ugharAvavuM tenI phariyAda haMmezAM briTiza rAjakartAo karatA ja rahe che. sarakAra pote ja kabUla kare che ke, AnAthI vadhAre mahesUla ugharAvavuM e to "hiMdustAnane daLI nAkhavA jevuM thAya." 6-0 holeMDa 12-6

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hiMdI vajIranI kacerIne javAba-1 115 dezanI pedAza ghaTI gaI che tenuM bIjuM pramANa, dezamAMthI mAthAdITha keTalI ochI nikAsa paradeza thAya deza yusucce hAleMDa grIsa I. sa. 1885 mAthAdITha vepArI nikAsa zi. pe. deza zi. pe. laMDa 149-4 kAnsa 68-7 ne 61-19 Ijipta svIDana 61-6 amerikA 55-6 Da-mArka 97- 198-2 jarmanI 107-2 cili 149-0 348-1 beriyama 375-2 oNsTriyA haM0 47-0 osTreliyA 271-0 hiMdustAna 3-0 hiMdustAnanA e traNa ziliMganI gaNatarImAM, je paradezI mAla dezamAM AvI pAchA pharI paradeza caDe che, teno paNa samAveza thaI jAya che, eTale ke sAcI nikAsa to tenAthI paNa ochI che. temaja upara je bIjA dezonA AMkaDA ApyA che, temanA paradezI devAnI rakama keTalI che tenA cakkasa AMkaDA na maLavAthI, te dezanA tamAma devAne paradezI devuM gaNuM, te upara pAMca TakA vyAja gaNI, nikAsanI rakamamAMthI echuM karyuM che. paraMtu te dezanuM badhuM devuM paradezI nathI ja. eTale te dezanI nikAsanA sAcA AMkaDA, upara mUkyA che tenAthI vadhAre che, paNa ochA nahIM.

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4-9 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI hiMdustAnanI AvI kaMgALiyatathI IMglaMDane pitAne paNa keTale e cho phAyado maLe che, te jovA mATe judA judA deze IglaMDano mAla mAthAdITha keTalo kharIde che, te jovA jevuM che. I. sa. 1885 mAthAdITha briTiza mAlanI AyAta deza zi. pi. deza zi. pe. uttara amerikA 30-8 beljiyama 28-3 vesTa inDijha 3-10 hovurAsa 10-1 osTreliyA 155-8 16-8 TreIsa seTalameMTsa 86-10 Ijipta 10-2 nAtAla pa-2 amerikA pazcima AphrikA pacha--3 brAjhila 10-5 jarmanI 19-3 54-0 krAnsa 9-11 ArjenTAina 31-8 DenmArkaAIsaleMDa 19-4 cili 12-4 helaeNnDa 44-3 hiMdustAna hiMdustAnanI ra zi. 6 pensanI gaNatarImAM dezI rAjya, sarahada uparanAM rAjyo, dezamAM rahetA yuropiyana, tathA relave ane sarakArI rakhAtuM vagere pitAnI jarUriyAto mATe je briTiza mAla maMgAve che, tene paNa samAveza thaI jAya che. yurve

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10 hiMdI vajIranI kacerIne javAba-2 atyAra sudhI meM mi. DenDarse karelI dalIlane ja javAba ApavAno prayatna karyo che. paraMtu have huM ethI AgaLa cAluM chuM. hiMdustAnanI garIbAI ane vinAzanuM mukhya kAraNa hiMdustAnanA rAjataMtramAM je mAMdhA yuropiyano lAdavAmAM AvyA che, te che. e yurepiyane varSovarSa pagAra tarIke je meTI rakama paDAve che, teTalA pUrata dezano jIvana pravAha varSovarSa ocho thato jAya che, ane jyAM sudhI iMgleMDa tarapha vahetA e pravAhane dezamAM ja pAcho vALavAmAM na Ave, tyAM sudhI hiMdustAnanI Arthika dazA sudharavAnI jarAya AzA nathI. paraMtu, ahIM huM je bAbata upara hiMdI varanuM khAsa dhyAna kheMcavA mAguM chuM., te te e che ke, e yuropiyana pagAradArone kAraNe, hiMdustAnanI Arthika saMpattinI sAthe sAthe dezanAM DahApaNa ane anubhava paNa paradeza ghasaDAI jAya che. yuropiyana dezanAM rAjataMtra lagabhaga badhAM agatyanAM

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118 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI ane meTAM sthAne pacAvI beThA che. hiMdustAnamAM te rahe che, tyAM sudhI te hiMdustAnanA paisA, anubhava ane DahApaNa meLavyAM kare che; ane pachI jyAre thADAM varSa da te huMmezane mATe iMgleMDa pAchA, jAya che, tyAre sAthe dezanA paisA tema ja anubhava ane letA jAya che. Ama, hiMdustAna Arthika temaja naitika ema baMne rIte lUMTAya che. AvasyakatA vinAnA dareka aMgreja amaladAra dITha, te jagAne lAyaka yogyatAvALA dezanA eka eka mANasa nakAme ane che. Ama, kudarata taraphathI dareka dezane je mAnasika ane baudhika zakti tema ja khAnadAnI maLyAM hoya che. te hiMdustAnamAM nakAmAM veDaphAI jAya che. hiMdustAna acainnenA hAthamAM AvyAne kAraNe te dezanI AkhI prajA unnata thavAne badale avanata thavAnI che' evI sara TAmasa manareAnI bhaviSyavANI zabdaza: sAcI paDatI jAya che. 6 dareka dezamAM UgatI prajAne rASTrIya tema ja sAmAjika pravRttiemAM tema ja dezanI bhAvI unnatinI bAbatamAM denArA vayeAvRddha, anubhavavRddha ane jJAnavRddha vaDIleA hoya che. paraMtu hiMdustAnamAM upara jaNAveDhe kAraNe tema nathI hotuM. hiMdustAnane e nukasAna keTaluM bhAre che, tenI kalpanA kAI paNa sahRdaya mANasa karI zake tema che. rASTrIya dRSTie enuM pariNAma ghaNuM gaMbhIra che, e teA phIka; paraMtu rAjakIya dRSTie enuM pariNAma aMgreoe khAsa vicAravA jevuM che. sara je. mAlakama kahe che: hiMdustAnanI badhI jAtiemAM 64 lAIpha oNpha sara. TI. manare, pA. 446.

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hiMdI vajIranI kacerIne javAba-2 119 ApaNane bahAdura, zaktizALI ane mahattvAkAMkSI vyaktie jovA maLe che. temano potapotAnA vargo upara bhAre kAbU tema ja lAgavaga hoya che. paraMtu te loko upara ApaNe vizvAsa mUkatA nathI, ke temane kAmamAM letA nathI eTale teo ApaNA rAjyanA duzmana ja rahevAnA. . . . pariNAme, tevA lokone ApaNe sattAnA duzmana gaNIne kAM to kacarI nAkhavA joIe, ke temane uttejana ane preraNA ApIne ApaNI sattA jamAvavAnA sAdhanarUpa banAvavA joIe. je pahelI rIta ja akhatyAra karavI hoya, to ApaNe jeTalI daDhatAthI tema karIe teTalI ApaNI salAmatI vadhAre. paraMtu huM kabUla karuM chuM ke, tema karavAmAM ApaNe saphaLa nIvaDIzuM evo mane vizvAsa nathI. kAraNa ke, tame ekane dabAvavA jaze tyAM bIjA sattara UbhA thavAnA. hiMdustAnanI ATalI moTI tema ja vividha prakAranI vastImAMthI harahaMmeza navI navI zakti ane AkAMkSA UbhAM thayAM ja karavAnAM, temane dabAvavAno prayatna kare e gaMgAnA pUrane rokavAno prayatna karavA jevuM che." AjanI sthitimAMthI to eka ja pariNAma AvI zake tema che kAM to manare kahe che tema AkhI prajAnI avanatiH eTale ke prajAmAMthI dareka prakAranA sAcA DahApaNuM, anubhava, khAnadAnI ane svadezanI sevA karavAnI mahatvAkAMkSAne sadaMtara nAza; athavA to je taMtra navA jJAnane pracAra karI rahyuM che, tenI sAme ja teno upayoga. sara jona mAlakama kahe che tema : 'ApaNe hiMdustAnamAM keLavaNInA pracAranI A yojanAo karIe chIe, tenI sAthe sAthe, je lokone ApaNe keLavIzuM

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120 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI temane mATe ucita kAryakSetro pUrAM nahIM pADIe, to ApaNe ApaNA sAmrAjyanA vinAzane najIkamAM lAvanArAM ta ja UbhAM karIzuM.' - pitAnA svAbhAvika rASTrIya AgevAnonAM anubhava ane DahApaNanI doravaNa vinA, atyAranI UgatI prajAne je keLavaNI maLe che, te temane svAbhAvika rIte ja evA rastAomAM dorI jAya che, ke je rAjakartAonA hitamAM jarAya nathI. teo geraraste caDI jAya che ema tamAre kahevuM hoya, to bhale kaho; paraMtu eTaluM to nakkI ja, ke dezane zikSita varga dezanA rAjataMtrane mukhya AdhArastaMbha hovo joI e, tene badale hiMdustAnane zikSita varga potAnA rAjataMtrano sauthI kaTTo duzmana banato jAya che. AmAM vAMka hoya to te rAjyakartAone pitAno che. te varganI zakti atyAre bhale theDI hAya; paraMtu vakhata jatAM te sArA ke mAThA mATe potAnI asara jamAvaze ja. e vastusthitine damananIti vaDe ke bIjA bhAge vaDe pitAnI AMkho baMdha karIne bhale aMgreje javAnI nA pADe; paraMtu te vastusthiti UbhI thatI jAya che emAM zaMkA nathI. dara varSe yunivarsiTIo je hajAre yuvakene bahAra mokale che, teo pitAne ghaNI vicitra dazAmAM AvI paDelA jue che. temanI potAnI ja mAtRbhUmimAM temane mATe kazuM sthAna ja nathI ! teo bhale rastAmAM bhIkha mAge, ke patharA pheDe; paraMtu rAjakartAone tenI kazI paDI nathI. teo bhale bhUkhe marI jAya, ke bIjuM je kAMI temane ThIka lAge te kare, paNa IgleMDamAMthI te dara varSe seMkaDe aMgrejo hiMdustAnamAM javA ja joIe, ane

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hiMdI vajIranI kacerIne javAba-2 121 pArlamenTanA TharAvo ke rAjArANInA DherA game te kahe, paNa hiMdIonI jagAe temane nImavA ja joIe. paraMtu, A badhAnuM pariNAma zuM Avaze? koI tejI ghoDAne lagAma vinA chUTo mUke, te te AjubAju ghamasANa ja macAve. atyAre te juvAna varganI bUma bahu dhImI che. haju te varganA khyAlo pUrA baMdhAyA nathI ke vikasyA nathI. paraMtu vakhata jatAM te kevA nIvaDaze, te khudA ja jANe che ! je jIvato raheze te joze ke atyAranI rIte ja je hiMdustAnane Arthika tema ja naitika strAva cAlu rahyo, to kAM to julama ane vinAzanI lokhaMDI eDI nIce hiMdustAna cheka ja kacarAI jaze, athavA to te vinAzaka sattAnA kurace kuracA uDI jaze. aMgrejI rAjyano hiMdustAnamAM e rIte ja aMta Ave, evI mArI icchA ke prArthanA nathI. kAraNa ke, huM ema mAnuM chuM ke, aMgrejI rAjyamAM ja evAM to mejUda che ke, jethI hiMdustAnanuM tema ja iMgleMDanuM aneka rIte bhaluM thaI zake tema che. tethI karIne, aMgreja rAjapuruSa ane aMgreja prajAnI nyAyavRtti ane udAra aMtara upara hiMdIone jyAM sudhI vizvAsa che, tyAM sudhI kaI vicAravaMta hiMdI te rAjyane UnI AMca Ave ema ine nathI. aMgrejo evI madAra rAkhe che ke, hiMdustAnanI vividha jAtio ane prajAne bheda ane kusaMpa upara ja aMgrejI rAjya sahIsalAmata rAkhI zakAze. je aMgrejo surakSitatAnI AvI mUDha nidrAmAM sUtelA che, temane AjubAju zuM cAlI

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132 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI rahyuM che tenI khabara nathI. je jAtanI keLavaNI hiMdustAnanA tamAma vargo ane saMpradAyAnA hArA juvAniyA atyAre meLavI rahyA che, te temane badhAne eka ja bIbAmAM DhALI jAya che. temAM lAgaNI, Adarza ane mahattvAkAMkSAnI ekatA jAmatI jAya che; ane khAsa karIne e navI jAgRtine pariNAme teemAM eka prakAranI rASTrIya ekatAnI bhAvanA ghara karatI jAya che. kAraNa ke, te badhA ekasarakhuM oI rahyA che ke, temanA deza kevI bhISaNa garIbAI ane avanatimAM sapaDAtA jAya che. e sAmAnya bhAvanA AgaLa jAti ane saMpradAyanA badhA bhedA egaLatA jAya ahIM laMDanamAM ja, laMDananA rahevAsI hiMdIenI laMDana IMDiyana JAsAyaTI'e thADA divasa upara khANA vakhate traNa mahemAne! netaryA hatA. te traNamAM eka hiMdu hatA, eka musalamAna hatA, ane eka pArasI hatA. A sAsAyaTI nAnI che, tema ja tenI kazI lAgavaga paNa nathI. paraMtu e dAkhalA uparathI eTaluM te jarUra joI zakAze, ke rAjakIya Adarza judA judA vargone kavI rIte ekatrita karavA lAgyA che. samAne aMgreja rAjakartAe baDAI hAMkye jAya che ke teoe hiMdustAnamAM keLavaNI ane pAzcAtya sudhArA dAkhala karyAM che. paraMtu bIjI bAju tee vartana te| evuM rAkhyuM jAya che ka, jANe evuM kAMI banyuM ja nathI ! kAMtA teoe leAkAne keLavyA che athavA te! nathI keLavyA. jo teoe sAce ja leAkAne keLavyA hAya, tA e eka bhAre vicitra vAta che !, ardhA saikAthI paNa vadhu samaya javA chatAM dezanA rAjataMtramAM

Page #133
hiMdI vajIranI kacerIne javAba-2 123 - bhAga laI zake teTalA muThThIbhara loko paNa taiyAra thaI zakyA nathI ! pahelAMnI paradezI caDAI vakhate to caDAI karanArAo mAlamatA lUMTIne kAM to cAlyA jatA, ke dezanA rAjA thaIne ja rahetA. jyAre teo lUMTa laIne ja cAlyA jatA, tyAre hiMdustAnane alabatta bhAre kSati thatI; paraMtu thoDA ja vakhatamAM leke vadhu udyoga vaDe te kSati pUrI karI letA. paraMtu jyAre teo rAjakartA banIne ja dezamAM rahetA, tyAre vyaktigata rAjA pramANe tenuM rAjya game tevuM hatuM, paNa dezane Arthika ke naitika nukasAna pahoMcatuM nahotuM. kAraNa ke dezanI pedAza ane dezane anubhava dezamAM ja rahetAM. paraMtu aMgrejI rAjyanI vAta judI ja che. aMgrejoe te hiMdustAna ke AjubAjunA bIjA dezo jItavA je je laDAIe temane laDavI paDI, tenuM kharca paNa hiMdustAnane mAthe jAhera devArUpe mAryuM che, ane pachI paNa te ghA teo dara varSe AgaLa jaNAvelI rItoe moTo ne meTa ja karatA jAya che. pahelAnA rAjAo kasAInI peThe ahIMtahIM thoDIka katala karatA; paraMtu aMgreje to vijJAnazAstrIo rahyA; eTale temaNe to cheka hadaya sudhI ghA karyo che, chatAM bahArathI te jarAya dekhAte nathI. mAtra sudhArAnI, pragatinI ane tevI keTalIya beTI * moTI vAtonuM lAsTara ja dekhAya che ! *

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124 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI keTalAka vyaktigata aMgrejo dukALane vakhate je kAMI suMdara kArya kare che, tema ja sarakAra pote paNa je kAMI kharca kare che, tathA aMgreja leke IgleMDathI paNa je kAMI madada mokalAve che, te badhuM alabatta prazaMsApAtra che. paraMtu navAInI vAta e che ke, aMgreja rAjakartAo eTaluM joI nathI zakatA ke, dukALathI je vinAza hiMdustAnamAM pravartI rahe che, tenuM mukhya kAraNa teo pote ja che. teo pote ja je dhanasaMpatti judI judI rIte dara varSe hiMdustAnamAMthI * ghasaDI jAya che, tene pariNAme ja A yAtanA, A bhUkhamaro ane A vinAza dezamAM vyApI rahe che. I. sa. 1878nI sAlanA dukALa vakhate iMglaMDe 700,000 pAuMDanI madada hiMdustAnane karI hatI. paraMtu eTaluM yAda rAkhavuM joIe ke, temanA anyAyI rAjataMtra heThaLa teo dara varSe tenAthI 30 ke 40 gaNI moTI rakama garIba hiMdustAnamAMthI paDAve che. te dukALathI mAMDIne AjasudhInAM 18 varSa daramyAna ja temaNe kula 400,000,000 pAuDathI paNa vadhAre rakama hiMdustAnamAMthI paDAvI che. chellAM 150 varSamAM te rIte temaNe kula keTalI rakama paDAvI che, teno vicAra to javA daIe. eTale atyAre dukALane prasaMge teo cha lAkha pAuMDa te zuM paNa 40 lAkha ke pa0 lAkha pAuMDa hiMdustAnane madada tarIke Ape, to paNa te "kezanI cerI ne sAyanI aNanuM dAna' ja kahevAya. sauthI prathama tame pote garIba hiMdIonI kAza coravAnuM baMdha karo. eTale pachI tene tamArAM soyanI aNIenAM dAnanI jarUra ja nahIM rahe. tenI potAnI pAse ja te vakhate AkhI duniyAmAMthI dhAna kharIdavAnA paisA haze.

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hiMdI vajIranI kacerIne javAba-2 125. bIjI eka vicitra vAta e che ke, lokapratinidhitvavALAM rAjakIya baMdhAraNo meLavavA laDatI duniyAnI badhI prajAe pratye iMglaMDa sahAnubhUti batAve che ane temane temanI laDatamAM madada kare che. Ama eka bAju te tevAM baMdhAraNanI jananI tema ja sahAyaka kahevAya che, jyAre bIjI bAju hiMdustAnamAM te avicArIpaNe julamI ane navAbazAhI rAjyataMtra calAvI rahyuM che. kharI rIte te AkhI duniyAmAM pratinidhitvavALuM rAjakIya baMdhAraNa prApta karavAmAM IglaMDanI madada meLavavAno sauthI vadhAre haka hiMdustAnane che. huM ema nathI kaheto ke hiMdustAnane ekadama pUrepUruM kapratinidhivALuM rAjataMtra bakSI devAmAM Ave. paraMtu huM e pUchavA mAguM chuM ke, myunisipAliTIomAM thoDuM ghaNuM lokapratinidhitva ApavAnA apavAda sivAya, iMglaDe hiMdIone kazA paNa rAjakArabhAramAM thoDuMghaNuMya pratinidhitva ApavAno kadI pramANika prayatna karyo che? atyAre dhArAsabhAmAM sarakAra taraphathI sabhAsade. nImavAnI paddhati sAme ke, kevAM vicitra ramakaDAM te paddhati heThaLa nImavAmAM Ave che te sAme, mAre kAMI kahevuM nathI. paNa huM ema jarUra kahevA mAguM chuM ke, thoDIghaNuM zarUAta Aje paNa karI zakAya tema che. dAkhalA tarIke, muMbaInI dhArAsabhA 21 sabhyonI banAvavAmAM Ave, tathA temAMthI 13 jaNane amaladAra vargamAMthI ke binaamaladAra vargamAMthI sarakAra nIme, ane bAkInA AThane ilAkAnAM mukhya zahere cUMTI kADhe. to sarakAranI bahumatI te kAyama ja rahe, rAjataMtra paNa iMglaMDanI peThe bahumatIthI ja cAle, paraMtu sarakAra koI vakhate kAMI gaMbhIra..

Page #136
127 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI anyAya karI besatI hoya, tyAre lokaniyukta ATha sabhyo jarUra tenI sAme pikAra karI, tene te anyAya karatI aTakAve. Ama sattAdhArI to sarakAra pote ja haze, paraMtu kAna cUMTelA sabhyo lokonI mAnyatAo, mAgaNIo ane phariyAda tene saMbhaLAvatA rahetA hovAthI, te pote ghaNI phikaraciMtA, bhUlo ane javAbadArImAMthI mukta thaI zakaze. uparAMta lekaniyukta sabhyone paNa dhImedhIme baMdhAraNIya rAjakArabhAranI keLavaNI maLaze. sattAnI kazI AzA na hovAthI temane chakI javAnuM pralobhana paNa nahIM rahe, tema ja temane potAnI hAjarInI jarUra sarakAra AgaLa sAbita karatA rahevAnI hovAthI teo bahu kALajIthI tema ja akkalathI kAma leze. kAMI nahIM te teo kazuM nukasAna to nahIM ja karI zake. dhArAsabhAomAM AvA lokaniyukta tattva vinA, aMgreja loko, ke je atyAre lokAthI vadhu ne vadhu ataDA banatA jAya che, teo lokonI jarUriyAto samajIne sAcI lAgaNIthI kAyadA nahIM ja ghaDI zake. . paraMtu enA karatAM paNa bIjI eka vastusthiti tarapha laMDa durlakSa karI zake tema nathI. iMglaMDanI pAchaLa teNe atyAra sudhI prajAkIya baMdhAraNanI prApti mATe laDelI laDAIone cAlu ItihAsa che. paraMtu, have te pote ja hiMdustAnamAM e aMgrejone varga Ubho karatuM jAya che ke, jei julama ane trAsanI rAjanIti zIkhelo hoya che. te vargamAM adhIrAI, abhimAna ane tucchakAranI ja lAgaNIo jaDAI gayelI hoya che; tema ja baMdhAraNa karatAM baMdhAraNanA DhoMgathI ja teo vadhu TevAyelA hoya che. have huM e prazna pUchuM

Page #137
hiMdI vajIranI kacerInA javAma--2 17 chuM ke, AvA aMgrejo jyAre iMglaMDa pAchA jaze, tyAre vakhata jatAM teo tyAMnA aMgrejonA cAritra ane saMsthAe upara paNa kAMI asara pADavA vinA raheze? hiMdustAnane UMce caDAvavAne badale hiMdustAnanA aMgrejo jAte ja eziyAI julamanI chevaTanI kATIe UtaratA jAya che. tenI asara iMgleMDanI peAtAnI upara zI thaze ? kudarata dareka pApanI sajA dhruvA asAdhAraNa ane vicitra mArgoe kare che, te kANu jANI e che? aMgrejo vANIsvAtaMtryanA mahAna pakSakAro gaNAya che. paraMtu, hiMdustAnanA kSetkAnuM vANIsvAtaMtrya jhUMTavI levA jeTalI de AvI paheAMcavAmAM temanuM keTaluM adhaHpatana thayuM hAvuM oI e, e vicAravA jevI vAta che. uparAMta, hiMdIene zastrahita karavAnA haju paNa cAlu rAkheleA kAyade! zuM sAbita kare che? ke ATalA lAMbA gALA pachI, tema ja, hiMdustAnanuM ja hita karavAnI potAnI dAnata AkhI duniyAne vAraMvAra jAhera karyA pachI paNa te vastutAe hiMdIenI vaphAdArI ane prema eTalA echA pramANamAM saMpAdana karI zakyA che, ke te kALA kAyadAne dUra karavAnI temanI hiMmata cAlatI nathI. aMgreonuM rAjya jo sAce ja hiMdIenA hitamAM ja calAvavAmAM AvyuM. hAya, te! ATale varSe tenuM pariNAma upara jaNAvelA bhASaNabavI vagerenA kAyadAo ja hoya ? vaLI, aMgrejone raziyA ke bIjI paradezI prajAonI caDAInI ATalI badhI dhAka zA mATe rahe che ? jo hiMdI temanA rAjyathI saMtuSTa heta, tema ja aMgrejoe jo temanAM hRdaya kabaje karyAM hota, te! eka te zuM paNa bAra Ara raziyAne hakAvI zakata. tee

Page #138
128 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI aMgrejo vAraMvAra hiMdustAnanI hadabahAranI vastInI dalIla kare che, ane vadhAre paDatI vastIne kAraNe amalamAM AvatA niSphara Arthika kAyadAono ullekha kare che. ema kahevAmAM Ave che ke, "ApaNe hiMdustAnamAMthI laDAI nAbUda karI che, ane dukALa nAbuda karI rahyA chIe. paraMtu, tene pariNAme have dara varSa satata vadhatA jatA manuSyanAM dhADAne khavarAvavuM kyAMthI ?" kharI rIte to aMgrejo hiMdustAnamAMthI dukALe nAbUda karI rahyA che ema kahevuM e ja bahu vicitra che. bahumAM bahu to koI kAramAM dukALa vakhate bhUkhe maratI. moTI saMkhyAnA alpatama aMzane peTa pUratuM khAvAnuM maLe teTalI madada teo koI koI vAra kare che. paraMtu te vAta javA daIe; ane mukhya dalIlane ja vaLagIe. teo kahe che ke, temanA rAjyanI sukhazAMtine kAraNe vadhatAM jatAM manuSyanAM dhADAMne khavarAvavuM kevI rIte ? tene javAba mekolenA zabdomAM ApIe : "jyAre A TApu (IgleMDa) AchI vastIvALo hato. tyAre te jaMgalI hato. tenI pAse nAmanI mUDI hatI; ane te paNa surakSita nahotI. have e ja TApu AkhI duniyAmAM sauthI vadhu dhanavAna tema ja sudharelo deza banyA che; paraMtu tenI vastI bahu gIca banI gaI che. . . . ApaNe ApaNI sthitine ApaNA pUrvajonI sthiti sAthe sarakhAvIzuM to mAlUma paDaze ke, sudhArAnI pragatithI nIpajatA lAbhoe, * Southeys. Colloquies oo Societr'eupai radhi.

Page #139
hiMdI vajIranI kacerIne javAba-2 129 vastI vadhArAthI nIpajatA geralAbhone cheka ja chAvarI lIdhA che. ApaNI janasaMkhyA dazagaNI vadhI haze, to ApaNI saMpatti sogaNuM vadhI che. . . ." e ja sudhArAnI pragatinA kramane amala hiMdustAnamAM paNa chUTathI thavA devAmAM AvyuM hota, to hiMdustAnanI vadhelI saMpatti paNa hiMdustAnanI vadhelI vastIne nabhAvI zakatI hota. paraMtu haju ApaNe A dalIlane aMge bIjI keTalIka vigato tapAsIe. koI deza vastImAM vadhe teTalA ja kAraNathI te pramANamAM garIba banavo joIe, e kAMI niyama nathI. nIcenA AMkaDA e vastu spaSTa sAbita kare che : deza vastI, dara corasa mAI le mAthAdITha Avaka I. sa. 1880 I. sa. 1886 bejiyama 487 221 IgleMDa 478 (1886) 41 (1882). holeMDa 315 iTalI rapa0 hiMdustAna jarmanI ra 17 189 osTriyA 163 kAnsa 184 25 svIjharleDa 184 138 no 162 DenmArka 1ra0 191 spena 2 3,ra K g

Page #140
hiMdustAnanI garIbAI eTale ke, hi MdustAna karatAM upara jaNAvelA badhA deze vastImAM vadhu gIca ke echA gIca che, chatAM te badhAnI Avaka hiMdustAna karatAM keTalIya vadhAre che. AyarlaeN DanA dAkhale che. tenI vastI dara cArasa mAIle 153 che; chatAM tenI Avaka mAthAdIDa 16 pAuMDanA che; jyAre iMgleMDanI vastI dara cArasa mAIle 478 jeTalI gIca che, chatAM tenI mAthAdITha Avaka 41 pAuMDa jeTalI che. AyarlaeNDa mATe cUka A AgoI le je kahyuM hatuM, te ApaNane paNa lAgu paDe mate ema na kahetA ke AyarlaeN Dane majUra majUrI karI zake tema nathI ke sazakta nathI. tene anukULa sogAmAM mUke, te tarata jaNAze ke tenAthI kArIgara tamane nahI maLe. uparAMta te kaiTaleA namra hoya che.' aMgreja sarakAra ja kabUla 66 che : "" vizALa che; ane briTiza hiMdustAnanI sAdhanasaMpatti ghaNI sara jyorja bavUDa sAkSI pUre che ke, tenA mahenatu ane kAyadesara cAlanArA leAkeA temAMthI meATI pedAza karI zake tema che, tathA bIjA dezanI prajAe jeTalA ja samRddha banI zake tema che, tema ja peAtAnI vadhatI jatI saMkhyAne sahelAIthI nabhAvI zake tema che. paraMtu temane anukULa saLaMgAmAM ' mUkavA jo e. 130 bIjo sArA mAyALu ane kare che ke, vaLI, hiMdustAnanI vastI meATA pramANamAM vadhatI jAya che, evI dalIla karanArA aMgrejo pAtAnA deza tarapha najara karaze te jaNAze ke kayA dezanI vastI ' meATA pramANamAM ' vadhatI jAya che. '

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500 hiMdI vajIranI kacerIne javAba- 131 I. sa. 1881 thI I. sa. 1891 sudhImAM vastI vadhAro vadhAre dara corasa mAIle vastI iMglenDa ane velsa 136 TakA briTiza hiMdustAna 917 Isa. 167ramAM iMglaMDanI vastI 5,500,000 mANasanI hatI, ane I. sa. 1664mAM tenI Avaka 42,000,000 pAuMDanI hatI. I. sa. 1884mAM tenI vastI vadhIne 27,000,000nI thaI, eTale ke temAM vAMvALo vadhAre thayo; paraMtu I. sa. 1884mAM tenI Avaka vadhIne 9 76,000,000 pAuMDanI eTale ke tetrIsI thaI uparanA AMkaDAo uparathI spaSTa jaNAze ke, vastImAM vadhAro thavAthI IMglaDa garIba banyuM nahIM; UlaTuM melenA zabdomAM kahIe tA. tenI 'vastI dazagaNI vadhI che, tyAre Avaka sogaNI vadhI che.' bIjA dezomAM svAbhAvika Arthika kAyadAono je amala pravartate hoya che, te hiMdustAnamAM che ja kyAM, jethI tamanA niSphara amalanA pariNAmanI vAto hiMdustAnane saMbhaLAvavI joIe ? hiMdustAnane vinAzane mArge dhakelanAra - ravAbhAvika Arthika kAyadAone samaru' nathI, paraMtu te kAyadAonA 3matrano samAva che ! hiMdustAnamAM kudaratI ane Arthika niyamonuM sAmrAjya pravartAvA de, to hiMdustAna hamaNuM bIjuM iMglaDa thaI ne ubhuM raheze, ane potAnI vastInA vadhArAnA pramANamAM saMpattino vadhAre paNa batAvaze.

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132 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI jyAM sudhI deza jeTaluM utpanna karI zake teTaluM tame tene utpanna na karavA do, tathA leke jeTaluM utpanna kare teTaluM temane bhogavavA na do, tyAM sudhI tamArAthI vastInA behada vadhArAnI dalIla ApI zakAya ja nahIM. pahelAM tame tamArI lUMTa baMdha karo; pachI siddha thavA do ke hiMdustAna potAnI meTI vastIne piSI zake tema che ke nahi. mile kahyuM che tema, dezanI udyogazakti haMmezAM dezanI mUDIthI maryAdita rahe che; tema ja te mUDI udyogazaktine joItAM sAdhana tema ja nirvAha mATe anna jeTalA pramANamAM pUrAM pADI zake, teTalA pramANamAM ja dezamAM udyoga saMbhavI zake che. aMgrejo pite ja hiMdustAnanI udyogazaktinA prANarUpa mUDIne jyAM sudhI vagara vicAryuM kheMcyAM jAya che, tyAM sudhI svAbhAvika Arthika niyamonA amalanI vAta karavI e dAjhayA upara DAma devA jevuM che. behada vastInI ke kalpanAmAM Ave tevI bIjI badhI aprastuta dalIlo karavAnuM aMgrejone sujhe che; mAtra je kharuM kAraNa che - pote kareluM zeSaNa - te ja AgaLa dharavAnuM temane ThIka lAgatuM nathI ! * A patramAM meM ghaNuM hiMdIonA manamAM ghoLAyA karatA vicAre laMbANathI tathA chUTathI rajU karyA che. hiMdIone haMmezAM ekanI eka vAta yAda devarAvyA karavI ke, aMgrejoe hiMdustAnamAM geravyavasthAne badale zAMti sthApI che, ane e eka vAta vaDe pachInI potAnI khAmIo ke anyAya tathA temane kAraNe thatI dezanI Arthika ane naitika pAyamAlInI vAtane uDAvyA karavI, e behUdu tathA mUrkhAI bhareluM che. atyArane hiMdIoe pahelAMnI e geravyavasthA jAte joI .

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hiMdI vajIranI kacerIne javAa--r 133 nathI tathA anubhavI nathI; paraMtu atyAranI A durvyavasthA tathA pAyamAlI te tee najare joI rahyA che. tema ja dine dina anubhavI rahyA che. aMgrejI rAjya heThaLa leAka! ekabIjAnA julamathI ke dezI julamagArAthI surakSita che e vAta sAcI che; paraMtu aMgreonA peAtAnA paMjAmAMthI dezanI dhanasaMpattinI jarAya surakSitatA kayAM che? ane eTale aMge leAkeAnA jAnatI paNa surakSitatA nathI enuM zuM ? sAcI vAta tA e che ke, hiMdustAnanAM jAnamAla te jaraya surakSita nathI; je vastu surakSita che ane pUrepUrI surakSita che, te teA IMgleMDa pote che. kAraNa ke, have te pUrepUrI surakSitatAthI dezanI tamAma dhanasaMpattine pote icche teTalA pramANamAM aihiyAM karI zake che. vastutAe agreonuM rAjya pote ja hiMdustAna upara eka satata cAlatI, tathA hu Mmeza niSThura thatI jatI paradezI caDAI jevuM ja che. jUnA caDAI karanArA te dezanI saMpatti lUTavAnA cekasa rAdAthI ja AvatA ane lUMTAya teTaluM lUTIne cAlyA jatA, athavA dezanA vatanIeka banIne ja rahetA. paraMtu hiMdustAnanuM atyAranuM kamanasIba te evuM che ke, agrene hiMdustAnane lUTavAne nahIM lUTavAne nahIM paNa sudhAravAne dAvA kare che; jyAre vastutAe, hiMdustAnanA karADA leAkAne mATe, agrejonA chatra heThaLa jIvavuM eTale ardhA bhUkhe maravuM, ke rega ane dukALanA bhAga thavuM, eve! ja artha thAya che. iMgleMDa upara ja kAI paradezI rAjyane Ave! amala hAya, tA tyAMnA leAkeA, aMdara aMdaranI ke paradeza sAthenI laDAI A ke jemAM kIrti ane saMpatti meLavavAnI takA paNa heAya te pasaMda kare, ke paradezI rAjyanI surakSitatA ane salAhazAMtimAM

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134 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI jIvanabhara bhUkhe TaLavaLyA karavAnuM pasaMda kare ? gorA julamagAranA rAjyamAM loko alabatta saMpUrNa zAMtimAM rahI zake che; dezI julamagAranA rAjyanI peThe temanA upara mArajhUDa nathI thatI; paraMtu temanuM jIvanatattva cUsI levAmAM Ave che, ane te paNa evI kALajIthI ke temane jarAya khabara na paDe. ke temane jarAya vedanA na thAya. loka zAMtimAM bhUkhe mare che ane kAyadA tathA vyavasthA sAthe ja maraNa pAme che ! mATe aMgrejoe have bhUtakALanI geravyavasthAnI vAta yAda devarAvyA karavAne badale vartamAna paristhiti ane temanA hAthe thatI hiMdustAnanI cAla pAyamAlInI vastusthitine hiMmatapUrvaka sAmano karavo joIe. hiMdustAnamAM aMgrejI rAjyane AzIrvAdarUpa banAvavuM, tema ja iMglaMDanI daSTie tenI akhaMDa kIrtirUpa tathA Arthika dRSTie atyuttama lAbha3pa banAvavuM, e aMgrejonA pitAnA hAthanI vAta che. hiMdIone temanA dezanuM rAjataMtra svataMtratAthI calAvavA daIne, ke pote vAraMvAra je zabdo vidyA kare che te pramANe, 'hiMdustAnanA hitamAM ja hiMdustAnanuM taMtra calAvIne' e vastu sAdhI zakAya tema che. sakaLa prajAne bhAgyavidhAtA aMgrejone temanI hiMdustAna taraphanI pharaja pratye jAgRta kare, e ja mArI namra ane hArdika prArthanA che.

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11 kharcanI nyAyya phALavaNI velakhI kAMmazana AgaLa ApelI tubAnImAMthI--1896 ] iMgleMDa ke hiMdustAnamAM hiMdustAnane mATe je kAMI kharca karavAmAM Ave che, temAM eka pazu aMza evA nathI ke jemAM iMgleMDanuM paNa khAsa hita raheluM na hAya. hiMdI sarakAranA tamAma kharcInA eka mukhya hetu e che ke, hiMdustAna upara evI rIte rAjya calAvavuM ke jethI dezanI aMdara kAyadA ane vyavasthA jaLavAya ane paradezAnI caDAI emAMthI deza surakSita rahe. have e baMne bAbateAmAM iMgleMDanuM hita hiMdustAna jeTaluM ja, ke hiMdustAna karatAM paNu vadhAre raheluM che. e vAta to ughADI che ke, hiMdustAnamAM sthapAyelAM kAyado ane vyavasthA e hiMdustAnane peAtAne paNa AzIrvAdarUpa che. paraMtu hiMdustAnamAM te sthapAyAM hota ke na sthapAyAM heta, tApaNa hiMdustAna te jevA hatA tevA ja

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI rahetA ane sArI ke khoTI game te rIte pitAnuM bhAvI ghaData. paraMtu kAyado ane vyavasthA vinA gaMgI rAjo hiMdustAnamAM potAnuM astitva kSaNa vAra na TakAvI zakata. dezamAM eka divasa ja aMdhAdhUMdhI ane mAraphADa cAle, to mUThIbhara aMgrejonuM zuM thAya tenI kalpanA karavAnI jarUra nathI. eTale akkalapUrvaka vicAra karIe, to to kabUla karavuM ja paDe ke, hiMdustAnamAM sAruM ane saMtoSakAraka rAjya calAvavuM tema ja kAyado ane vyavasthA jALavavAM, e vastu hiMdustAna karatAM IgleMDane vadhu agatyanI che. eTale nyAyanI daSTie ema kahevuM joIe ke, hiMdustAnanuM rAjataMtra calAvavAmAM je kAMI kharca thAya che, tenI phALavaNI ekalA hiMdustAna upara thavAne badale iMgleMDa ane hiMdustAna baMne deza upara thavI joIe. tema ja temAM jenuM hita vadhAre hoya. tema ja jenI zakti vadhAre hoya, tene bhAge ja te kharcamAMthI vizeSa hisso jo joIe. koI nyAyI aMgreja evuM to nahi ja kahe, ke hiMdI sAmrAjyano badhe lAbha, yaza ane phAyade igleMDane maLe. ane tenuM tamAma kharca hiMdustAna ekalA upara lAdavAmAM Ave ! ema dalIla karavAmAM Ave ke, hiMdustAnanA rAjyataMtranuM kharca hiMdIoe ja uThAvavuM joIe; kAraNake aMgrejone badale dezI rAjyakartAo hota, te paNa temane teTaluM kharca karavuM ja paData. hA, vAta sAcI che; paraMtu tyAre aMgrejone hiMdustAnamAM nokarIe paNa na maLatI hota. atyAre mulakI tema ja lazkarI khAtAMmAM manasvI rIte, tema ja baLajabarIthI meTA pramANamAM gerAone je nokarI ApavAmAM Ave che,

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kharcanI nyAya phAravaNuM 137 te aMgrejI rAjya ane aMgreja hitine kAraNe ja eTale ke aMgrejonI hakUmata kAyama rAkhavA mATe ja - ApavAmAM Ave che. dezI rAjyamAM gorAone nokarI na ja maLatI hota. eTale hiMdustAna dezIone badhA pagAra cUkave; paraMtu iMglaMDanA prayojana arthe ane iMglaMDanA lAbha khAtara je gorAo rAkhavAmAM AvyA che, temano pagAra to iMglaMDanI tijorIe ja cUkavavo joIe. aMgrejI hakumata kAyama rAkhavA mATe paNa atyAre jeTalA aMgrejone nokarImAM rAkhavAmAM AvyA che, teTalAnI AvazyakatA ja che ke kema, te viSe atyAre huM dalIla karavA nahi besuM. paraMtu eTaluM te nakkI ja che ke, hiMdustAnamAM je gerAe rAkhavAmAM AvyA che, te IMglaMDanI hakumata hiMdustAnamAM kAyama rAkhavAne arthe ja rAkhavAmAM AvyA che. lorDa kimbaralIe oNrDa meyaranA khANa vakhate belatAM spaSTa zabdomAM jaNAvyuM che keH "iMglaMDamAM ApaNA judAjudA pakSonI nItimAM game teTale vibheda hoya, paNa eka bAbatamAM to ApaNe badhA pakSo ekamata che ema huM mAnuM chuM; ane te e ke, ApaNA hiMdI sAmrAjya upara ApaNI hakUmata kAyama rAkhavAno ApaNo daDha nizcaya che. ApaNI e hakUmata traNa bAbato upara kAyama rahevAnI che. eka to dezI rAjAonI ane hiMdI prajAnI vaphAdArI ane sadbhAva; bIjI paraMtu agatyatAmAM jarAya ochI nahi evI bAbata te sivilasarvisane ApaNA gorA amaladAre, ke je ApaNe hiMdI rAjyataMtranA pAyArUpa che; ane trIjI te hiMdustAnamAM rAkheluM ApaNuM bhavya ane moTuM lazakara. . . ."

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38 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI have A eka dhyAnamAM rAkhavA jevI bAbata che ke, leDa kimbaralI iMglaMDanA " "daDha nizcaya'nI tema ja ApaNI hakUmata kAyama rAkhavAnI moTI moTI vAto kare che; paraMtu te kone kharace e viSe eka zabda paNa bolatA nathI. game tema, paNa temanA zabdothI eTaluM to spaSTa thAya che ke, temaNe jaNavelI chellI be bAbata -eTale ke hiMdustAnamAM rAkhavAmAM AvelA sivila tema ja miliTarI sarvisanA gerAe - iMglaMDanI hakUmata hiMdustAnamAM kAyama rAkhavA mATe ja che. tethI hiMdustAnanA rAjataMtramAM temane arthe je khAsa kharca karavAmAM AvatuM hoya, te iMglaMDe ja upADavuM joIe ema kahevAmAM kazuM ajugatuM nathI. paraMtu huM eTaluM kabUla karavA taiyAra chuM ke, e gorA amaladAre atyAre je pramANamAM tathA je rIte rAkhavAmAM Ave che te hiMdustAnane mATe mahAthAparUpa tema ja tenAM duHkho ane pAyamAlInA kAraNarUpa hovA chatAM, hiMdI rAjataMtramAM gorAonA tattvathI ochAvattA pramANamAM hiMdustAnane paNa suvyavasthA vagereno je lAbha maLe che, te pramANamAM temanA pagArano gheDa hiro hiMdustAne paNa uThAvo joIe. paraMtu IblaDanI 'iDiyA ophisa' tema ja tene aMgenuM je tamAma kharca IglaMDamAM karavAmAM Ave che, te to igleMDanA ja prayajana mATe hoI, tema ja tene badhe bhAga gorAonA ja khissAmAM jato I tathA IglaMDamAM ja racAtA hoI tema ja hiMdustAnanI saMmati vinA baLajabarIthI ja tene mAthe maDhelo hoI, te badhe to IglaDe ja upADavo joIe. bIjAM saMsthAno mATe je "koloniyala oNphisa" IMglaMDa calAve che, tenuM kharca

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13 kharcanI nyAya phAravaNuM iMglaMDa pote ja upADe che. to pachI hiMdustAnanI bAbatamAM A pakSapAta kema ? have naukAsainyanA kharca viSe vicAra karIe. atyAre IgleMDanuM je nakasinya che, tema ja temAM je vadhAre karavAne che, te badhuM iMglaMDanI pitAnI salAmatIne mATe Avazyaka che. dhAro ke iMglaMDane sAmrAjya na hoya, te paNa tenA pitAnA astitva mATe ja teTaluM kharca tene karavuM ja paDe. oNrDa selisabarIe potAnA brAITana khAtenA bhASaNa daramyAna kahyuM che keH "ApaNuM A TApu-dhara' ke jenI durdhapatAmAM ja ApaNuM mahattA samAyelI che, tenI surakSitatAne niHzaMka banAvavI e ApaNuM prathama kAma che. paradezanA naukAsainyamAM thayelA kAI paNa sudhArAothI, tathA paradezI rAjyanAM game tevAM joDANathI ApaNuM A vatananI sahIsalAmatI jokhamAvI na joIe. game tema thAya, paNa dariyA upara ApaNe ajeya rahevuM joIe. duniyAnAM badhAM sukhAmAM, paradezI zatruonA AkramaNamAMthI surakSitatA e sauthI prathama sthAna bhogave che, ane tethI IMglaMDanA naukAsainyane dAvo ApaNuM paisA upara sauthI pahelo che." vaLI naukAsainya pAchaLa kharacAno dareka paiso aMgrejonA khissAmAM ja jAya che. naukAsainyanA je lAbho che, je kIrti che, tema ja temAM je rojI che, te badhAmAMthI jarA sarakhe hisso paNa hiMdustAnane ke hiMdIone sIdhe maLato nathI. iMglaMDane keI yurepI rAjya sAthe ke amerikA sAthe laDAI thAya, to te naukAsainya iMglaMDane pitAnA vepAranuM ja

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40 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI tema kare, tApaNa rakSaNa karI zake tevI sthitimAM nathI. hiMdustAnane paradeza sAthenA vepAra evI teA kAI vastu ja nathI. tema ja iMglaMDa ane hiMdustAna vaccenA je vepAra kahevAya che, temAM paNa bekhama ane mUDI iMgleMDanAM ja che. aMgreja naukAsainya kAyama hAya, tyAM sudhI kAI yureApI prajA hiMdustAna upara caDAI karavA jAya ja niha; uparAMta kAI hiMdustAnanuM lazkara tene sAmane karI zake tema che. paraMtu, iMgleMDanA peAtAnA astitva mATe tenA atyAranA naukAsainyanI tema ja tenAthI paNa vadhAre naukAsainyanI tene keTalI jarUra che, te lADa selisabarI ane sahIsa-bIcanAM bhASaNAmAM spaSTa jAhera thayeluM che. tema chatAM iMgleMDanA naukAsainyanA kharcomAM hiMdustAna pAse bhAga mAgavA, e teA ' aLiyAnA e bhAga 'nA ja nyAya che. temAM nyAya ke pramANikatA jarAya nathI. hiMdustAnane AlA sAmrAjyataMtramAM - IMgleMDanA rAjataMtramAM sudhdhAMmAM -~ pUrepUrA tema ja svataMtra hissA Ape, tathA iMgleMDamAM tema ja bIje paNa sAmrAjyanI tamAma nekarIomAM hiMdustAnane bhAga ApA, ane pachI sAmrAjyanI javAbadArIomAM ane tethI sAmrAjyanA kharcamAM hiMdustAnanA hissAnI vAta kare. ---- A viSayane lagatI ja evI bIjI agatyanI mAJata te I. sa. 1858 bAda hiMdustAnanI hadanI bahAra karavAmAM AvelAM yuddonAM khaunI phALavaNIne che. huM vAyavya sarahada uparanAM yuddone ja dAkhaaA lauM. I. sa. 1858 khAda laDAyelI hiMdustAnanI te sarahada bahAranI tamAma laDAI e ughADI rIte iMgleMDanA sAmrAjyanA hitane mATe ja hatI.

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kharcanI nyAcya phAravaNI 141 iMgleDane te hiMdustAna upara peAtAnI hakUmata phAyama rAkhavAnI na hota, tema ja yureApamAM potAnI viziSTa sthiti jALavavAnI na heAta, teA ruziyA ke bIjuM kAI hiMdustAna upara caDAI kare ke tene jItI le, tenI jarAya paravA teNe karI na hota. umarAvAnI sabhAmAM khelatAM lo ekansIDe spaSTa zabdomAM jaNAvyuM che ke : (6 C. A prazna upara 66 ke, A bAbatamAM mahattvane prazna e che ke, hiMdustAnanA mahAna sAmrAjyanA daravAjA iMgleMDe potAnA hAthamAM rAkhavA ke nahi. ApaNe nakkI karyuM che ka hiMdI sAmrAjyanA daravAjArUpa e bhAgA upara iMglaMDe saMpUrNa kAbU ane mAlakI meLavavAM joI e.'' mi. phAseTe pArlameTamAM sahAnubhUtibharI laData calAvI hatI, te kharekhara dhanyavAdane pAtra hatI. temaNe jaNAvyuM A laDAInuM kha hiMdustAna upara na nAkhavuM joIe. emAM hiMdustAna upara dayA karavAne prazna nathI; paraMtu nyAya ane kAyadAne prazna umarAveAnI sabhAmAM ke tenI bahAra pradhAneAe tema ja temane TekA ApanArAoe karelA dareka bhASaNamAM ughADu jAhera kareluM che, ke te laDAI ApaNA sAmrAjyane kAraNe karelI hatI. hiMdustAnanA bhASaNa jue; iMgleMDanA vaDA pradhAnanuM bhASaNa paradeze| mATenA vajIranuM bhASaNa jue; dareka jaNAvyuM che ke, * e laDAI kaI DhAkA ke jalAlAbAdanI nAnI chAvaNIe te che. vAIsaroyanuM jIe; ane 1. tA. 25-2-80; 'hensA", pu. 250, pA. 1094.

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142 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI prazna nathI, tema ja hiMdustAnanA mobhA ane pratiSThAno prazna nathI, paraMtu yurepamAM IgleMDanA mobhA ane pratiSThAno prazna che ' . . . tethI pote belelAM vAkyone gaLI na jAya, tyAM sudhI e laDAIne hiMdustAnane lagatI laDAI gaNI kADhavI, e iMglaMDanI sarakAra mATe taddana azakya bAbata che. . . kepa kolenI ApaNuM svataMtra saMsthAna che. tyAM thayelI laDAIne mATe ApaNe jarAya javAbadAra nahotA; chatAM ApaNI tijorImAMthI te laDAI peTe ApaNe 5,000,000 pAuMDa ApyA. paraMtu hiMdustAna svataMtra nathI tema ja, A laDAI ke jene mATe hiMdustAnane lokAya jarA paNa javAbadAra nathI, tathA je laDAI yuropanI ApaNI nIti tema ja kRtyane kAraNe UbhI thaI che, tenuM tamAma kharca hiMdustAnanA loko, ke jemane temanA rAjataMtramAM jarAya pratinidhitva nathI, temane mAthe ApaNe nAkhavA mAgIe chIe." mi. kaeNseTa pachI UbhA thayelA mi. laeNDasTane paNa bhArapUrvaka jaNAvyuM ke, "ApaNe hiMdustAna tarapha koI laDAI UbhI karI hoya, ke jene ApaNI sarakAra ja " sAmrAjyanAM kAraNe thayelI laDAI' tarIke oLakhAve che, tenA kharcano sAra sarakhe bhAga upADavAnI javAbadArImAMthI ApaNe kema karIne chaTakI zakIe, sivAya ke ApaNe baLajabarIno kAyado ane dalIla vAparIne tenuM badhuM kharca hiMdustAnane mAthe bhArIe ?" A badhuM chatAM iMglaMDe te laDAIne kula 21,00,000 pAuMDanA kharcamAMthI mAtra 5,000,000 pAuMDane ja bhAga Apyo. tyAra pachI paNa keTalAya prasaMge

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kharcanI nyAyya phAravaNI 143 tema ja mi. bAlka badhI laDAI Ane sAmrAjyanAM kAraNeAsara mi. gleMDasTane (27-4-85) ( 15-8-95 ) vAyavya sarahadanI pArlamenTanAM bhASaNeAmAM iMgleMDanA tema ja yureApamAM peAtAnI pratiSTA jALavavAnA kAraNasara upADelI jaNAvI che. eTale A kamizana tevI badhI sarahada bahAranI laDAI AmAM thayelA kharcanA nyAyI hissA nakkI karI iMgleMDane mAthe nAkhe, evI AzA hiMdustAna rAkhe che. A dalIle, vAyavya sarahadanI laDAI e uparAMta, pUrva, pazcima, uttara ane dakSiNamAM laDAyelI tamAma laDAI ene lAgu paDe che. ane iMgleMDe paNu, kAyadesara jemAM hiMdustAnane kAsvA nahatA tevI te badhI laDAI enuM kha pramANikatAthI bharapAI karavuM joIe. iMgleDe AvI badhI bAbatAmAM hiMdustAna sAthe nyAyathI tema ja udAratAthI vartavuM joI e hiMdustAnane IMgleMDanI pArlAmenTamAM kru peAtAnA dezanA rAjyataMtramAM jarA sarakhA avAja nathI. paraMtu vastutAe ema ja bane che ke, nyAya ane udAratAnI vAta tA dUra rahI, paraMtu AvI bAbatamAM iMgleMDa nayu pAjIpaNuM va batAve che. huM ekame dAkhalA ApuM. zAhajAdA nasarullAnI hiMdustAnanI mulAkAtane kharca hiMdustAna upara nAkhavA te pAjIpaNuM nahiM te bIjuM zuM che? I. sa. 1857nA baLavAne dAkhalA leA. te baLavAnuM kAraNa tamArA pAtAnA amaladAronI gaMbhIra bhUle| ane geravyavasthA hatAM. hiMdustAnanA kSeAkAno to temAM kaze| hissA nahAtA, eTaluM ja nahi paNa tee| te tamArI mAgaNI thatAM ja tamane

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI, madada karavA taiyAra thayA hatA. paMjAbe potAnuM sArAmAM sAruM lohI tamAre mATe reDyuM ane tamArI hakumata akhaMDa rAkhI. paNa tene pariNAme lokone zuM inAma maLyuM ? tamArA nokaree UbhI karelI AkhI kamanasIba ghaTanAnuM tamAma kharca tame te lokone mAthe mAyuM. - lorDa northabuke I. sa. 1893mAM umarAvanI sabhAmAM bolatAM spaSTa saMbhaLAvI dIdhuM hatuM ke, "ebisaniyAnI laDAInuM tamAma sAmAnya kharca hiMdustAnane mAthe nAkhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. ane dalIla e karavAmAM AvI hatI ke, "hiMdustAnanuM lazkara hiMdustAnamAM paDI rahyuM hota to paNa tene teTaluM kharca to veThavuM ja paData; eTale A banAvamAMthI teNe napho karavAnI dAnata na rAkhavI joIe!" paraMtu IgleMDe baLavA daramyAna hiMdustAnamAM lazkara mokalyuM hatuM tyAre zuM karyuM hatuM ? te vakhate tame kema na kahevA gayA ke, amAre A banAvamAMthI naphe nathI karavo ? te vakhate to ahIMthI mekalelA dareka mANasanuM badhA samaya daramyAnanuM kharca hiMdustAna pAsethI levAmAM AvyuM hatuM, joke teno upayoga to thoDA vakhata pUrato ja karavAmAM Avyo hato. eTaluM ja nahIM, paNa, tenI bharatI karI tyArathI mAMDIne tene tyAM mokalyuM tyAM sudhI tene kavAyata karAvavAnuM ane keLavavAnuM paNa tamAma kharca hiMdustAna pAsethI levAmAM AvyuM hatuM." Ane pApaNuM na kahevuM to bIjuM zuM kahevuM? tame tamAruM potAnuM astitva hiMdustAnamAM TakAvavA mATe lazkara ekalo chotyAMnA loko tamane bane teTalI madada kare che; ane badalAmAM tame tenA kharcane jarA paNa hisso ApatA nathI

Page #155
acanI nyAzca pharavaNa 145 eTaluM ja nahIM, paNa, lakAnI vaphAdArI ane sevAnI kadara tarIke tenuM tamAma kharca temane mAthe nAkho cho tathA lorDa northabuka jAhera kare che tema bIjuM paNa vadhArAnuM kharca nAhaka temane mAthe maTe che. hiMdustAnanA loko tarapha Abha anyAyI ane pApaNAnI rIte vartIne tame evI AzA rAkhe che ke, tamArI muzkelInA vakhatamAM teo tamAre paDakhe UbhA raheze ? baLavAthI mAMDIne Aja sudhI tame hiMdustAnanA leka tarapha avizvAsanI ughADI lAgaNIthI vartatA AvyA che, ane temanA upara jarAya jarUra vinA tathA tamArA pitAne svArthane khAtara moTA ane kharcALa lazkaranuM kharca nAkhatA AvyA che. vaLI, te lazkara briTiza lazkarane ja bhAga hovA chatAM, tenI kavAyata ane keLavaNInuM tamAma kharca paNa tame geravAjabI rIte hiMdustAna pAsethI paDAvo che. chellA aphaghAna yuddhanuM zarama Ave teTaluM navuM-cothA bhAganuM - kharca ApyA bAda, pachInAM sarahada uparanAM badhAM yuddho briTiza sAmrAjya tema ja yuropIya rAjanItinAM projane sara laDAyAM hovA chatAM, temanuM badhuM kharca hiMdustAnane mAthe nAkhavAmAM AvyuM che. vastutAe, hiMdustAnane to aMgreja lazkarane kavAyata zIkhavavAnuM tema ja keLavaNI ApavAnuM, tathA iMglaMDanA "piyarAone' ThekANe pADavAnuM ane briTananI sAmrAjyanIti tema ja yuropIya nIti AgaLa dhapAvavAnuM ke sAcavI rAkhavAnuM suMdara kSetra banAvI mUkavAmAM AvyuM che. ane khUbI e che ke, hiMdustAnanA gulAmene te te badhAmAM jarA paNa avAja vinA mAtra paisA pUrA

Page #156
141 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI pADavAne ja kImatI adhikAra ApavAmAM Avyo che. AkhI vastusthitinuM duSTamAM duSTa svarUpa te e che ke, hiMdustAnanA paisA kharcatI vakhate koI pUchanAruM na hovAthI, te paisA binajarUrI tema ja uDAu rIte veDaphI mAravAmAM Ave che. A badhAM baLavAna vakhatanAM tema ja pachInA kALanAM anyAyI rIte hiMdustAnane mAthe nAkhavAmAM AvelAM kharcAno badale kaMIka aMze I. sa. 1858nA mahAna, udAra tathA IzvaranI sAkSIthI pavitra banelA DhaDherAthI vaLI rahyo hota. kAraNake, te DherA mujaba hiMdI prajAne nAgarika tarIke briTiza prajAnI samAna gaNI, briTiza prajA jeTalA hake bakSavAmAM AvyA hatA. paraMtu e gaMbhIratApUrvaka uccArelAM vacana jarAya amalamAM mUkavAmAM AvyAM? nahi ja. lorDa selIbarIe ja evAM badhAM vacanone chetarapiMDIrUpa" jAhera karyA; ane lorDa lITane temane 'jANI joIne karelI dhakhAbAjIrUpa" kahyAM. hiMdIone aMgrejonI samAna gaNavAnuM to kyAMya rahyuM, paraMtu temane sAmrAjyanI pArlameMTamAM ke hiMdI dhArAsabhAmAM ja temanA pitAnA kharcamAM mata ApavAne paNa adhikAra nathI; lazkaramAM paNa sUbedAra ke jamAdAra jevA halakA hAdAo sivAya uparI amaladAra tarIke temane nImavAmAM AvatA nathI; avizvAsapUrvaka temane zastrahIna karI nAkhavAmAM AvyA che. temane svayaMsevaka tarIke paNa bharatI karavAmAM AvatA nathI; sivila sarvisamAM paNa game tevAM bahAnAM heThaLa vinno nAkhI temane AgaLanA hoddAo upara vadhavA devAmAM AvatA nathI,

Page #157
kharcanI nyAya pharavaNuM' 147 tema ja pArlamenTanA kAyadAthI sivila sarvisanI parIkSA hiMdustAnanI nokarIo mATe hiMdustAnamAM levAnuM nakkI karI temane teTalI najIvI samAnatA ApavAnuM TharAvyA chatAM, aMgrejone jarA paNa na chAje tevI yuktio ane bahAnAM vaDe tene sAmano karavAmAM Ave che. chatAM hiMdIone samAna prajA ane sAmrAjyanA nAgarika' kahevA e temanI mazkarI ane apamAna karavA jevuM nathI te bIjuM zuM che? - I. sa. 188rane eprilathI mAMDIne I. sa. 1891nA mArca sudhI hiMdustAnanI pazcima taraphanI tema ja vAyavya khUNa taraphanI sarahadonI bahAra laDavAmAM AvelAM yuddhomAM, pAla meTane ahevAlamAM jaNAvyA mujaba kula 129,000,000 rUpiyA kharca karavAmAM AvyuM che. AmAM chelA aphaghAne yuddhamAM kharcelA 2100 0.0 0 0 pAuMDa ke je nave ceAthe hase IglaDe Apyo hato, teno te samAveza paNa nathI thato. A 129,000,000 rUpiyAmAMthI eka pAI paNa laMDa ApI nathI; ane tenI pAI e pAI kaMgALa hiMdIo pAsethI paDAvavAmAM AvI che. e 129,000,000 rUpiyAmAM sarahadanA sAmAnya lakaranA pagArane samAveza thaI jAya che, ke teTalA rUpiyA to te laDAI ne kAraNe vadhArAnA thayelA kharcanA che, te huM cokkasa nathI jANato. hiMdIo sAcA arthamAM samAna praja ane sAmrAjyanA nAgarika' che! kAraNa teo tamArA sAmrAjya mATe lohI re che eTaluM ja nahIM, paNa tenuM tamAma kharca paNa upADI le che ! - aMgreja loko ema ja mAnatA lAge che ke, hiMdIe to AphrikAnA jaMgalI che ke nAnAM bALako che, jethI teo

Page #158
148 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI aMgrejonI A badhI cAlAkI ane anyAya, tema ja pitAnA dezanI pAyamAlI ane garIbAI dekhI che. samajI zakatA nathI ! athavA to hiMdustAnane aMgreja amaladAre briTiza prajAne ema kahIne aMdhArAmAM ja rAkhavA mAge che ke, hiMdustAnamAM to sahu rUDAM vAnAM che, ane hiMdIe aMgrejI rAjyanA upakAre mATe AbhAranI lAgaNIthI pANI pANI thaI jAya che ! TrAnsavAlanA ripablIka mATe bolatAM mi. cembaralene jaNAvyuM hatuM (I. sa. 1896 ) ke, "TrAnsavAlamAM asaMtoSa vyApelA rahevA mATe tyAMnA lokone vAjabI kAraNa che. tyAMnI vastIne moTo bhAga karaverAna kula hisso bhare che; chatAM tene te dezanA rAjyakArabhAramAM jarAya hise nathI. evI vicitra dazA bIjI koI sudharelI jatimAM vidyamAna nathI; ane te dazA ApaNe DAhI ane DahApaNa bharelI rAjanItithI pheDavI joIe. huM ema mAnuM chuM ke, TrAnsavAlanI svataMtratAne jarA paNa jokhamAvyA sivAya te vicitra dazA maTADI zakAya tema che; ane jyAM sudhI tame tema nahi kare, tyAM sudhI tyAMnAM AMtarika tophAnane tame kAyamane mATe dUra nahi karI zake." 'TAImsa' patre paNa te bAbatamAM oNrDa selIbarInA bhASaNa upara agralekha lakhatAM jaNAvyuM hatuM ke, "tyAMnA lekAthI jAti ane lAgaNamAM bhinna evA tyAMnA pradhAna rAjakartavarga pAse rAjasattA ane baMdUka hovAne kAraNe ja tyAMnI bahumatIne rAjasattAmAM ke nAgarikapaNAnA prAthamika hakAmAMthI bAtala rAkhavAmAM Ave che."

Page #159
pAcanI nyAya kAraNa 149 A badhuM hiMdustAnane paNa keTaluM lAgu paDe che ? paraMtu haMdustAnanI prajA mATe iMglaMDanA rAjapuruSomAM ke aMgreja prajAmAM evI lAgaNI jarA paNa kema nathI pravartatI ? pariziSTa [ I. sa. 1896 sudhInI saraharI laDAI nuM kharca.] karnala hAnnAe potAnA pustakamAM (I. sa. 1878- 80nuM aphaghAnayuddha gaNatAM) I. sa. 1896 sudhInAM vAyavya sarahada uparanAM yuddhonuM kharca vigatavAra ApyuM che. sarakArI AMkaDA mujaba te kharca 714,58,480 rUpiyA thAya che. paraMtu tenA upara TIkA karatAM te jaNAve che ke, vAstavika kharca to tethI paNa vadhAre thayuM che. kAraNa ke, e yuddhone lagatAM keTalAMya khAsa kharcIne sAmAnya kharcamAM nAkhI devAmAM AvyAM che. ane enuM kAraNa to ughADuM ja che. lakAne na gamatI evI potAnI sarahadI rAjanItinuM kharca ochAmAM ochuM ja batAvavuM joIe. eka dAkhalo ApuM : I. sa. 1888-9ne ahevAlamAM lazkarane kUcakadama karavAnI taiyArI mATenAM kharca peTe 2,035,000 rUpiyA batAvavAmAM AvyA che. ane tenI samajUtI e ApavAmAM AvI che ke, te rUpiyA lazkarane musApharI mATe joItAM vadhArAnAM sAdhano kharIdavA mATe che. I. sa. 1890-1mAM pAchA bIjA 600,000 rUpiyA te ja kharca mATe maMjUra karavAmAM AvyA che. pAchA I. sa. 1891-ramAM te ja kharca peTa 2. Backwards and Forwards.'

Page #160
hiMdustAnanI garIbAI maMjUra karelA 800,000, ane para1,000 rUpiyA. uparAMta 2,13,000 rUpiyA pharI maMjUra karavAmAM AvyA che ane 1892-3mAM pAchA 616,000 rUpiyA maMjUra karavAmAM AvyA che. ATalA badhA rUpiyA lazkarane musApharI mATe taiyAra karavAmAM kharcavAmAM AvyA hovA chatAM, I. sa. 1895mAM jyAre vAstavika ja lazkaranA eka vibhAgane - ane te paNa tenA ghoDesavAre ane topakhAnAnA moTA bhAga; vinA ja - kuca karavAnI AvI, tyAre mAlUma paDyuM ke sarakAra pAse mAtra 7,482 khaccare ja hatAM. lazkarI sattAvALAoe jeTalAM maLe teTalAM khaccaro vagere jAnavare bhADe lIdhAM ke kharIdyAM. ane chatAM jayapura ane vAliyaranA lazkaranAM navare tema ja amArI TukaDInAM jAnavaro maMgAvyAM tyAre ja lazkara kaca karI zakahyuM. to pachI pilA badhA kUcanI taiyArI mATe jAnavaro vagere kharIdavA maMjUra karelA rUpiyA kayAM gayA ? bIje kyAM javAnA hatA? te badhA rUpiyA sarahada uparanI laDAImAM ja kharacAyA hatA, paNa loko bhaDake nahIM te mATe lazkarane musApharI mATe sAdhanasaMpanna karavAnA kharca khAte temane nAkhyA hatA. uparAMta, bajeTa vakhate paNa yuddho paTe zarUAtamAM je sIdhI rakama mAgavAmAM Ave che, te thoDI ja jaNAvavAmAM Ave che; kAraNa ke eka vAra yuddha zarU karyA pachI je vadhu kharca thAya, te ApavAnI jANa nA pADI zake ? jema ke I. sa. 1880nA phebruArImAM aphaghAna yuddhanA kharcane aMdAje 5,52,000 pAuMDane jaNAvavAmAM Avyo hato, paraMtu te ja varSanA jUna mahinAmAM temAM 9,000,000 pAuMDa vadhArIne

Page #161
151 khacanI nyAzya phAravI sudhArela aMdAja 15,000,000 pAuMDana karavAmAM Avyo. paraMtu okaTobaramAM te vadhIne 15,,000 pAuMDano the ane I. sa. 1881nA mArcamAM kharca meLavI joyuM, to te tenA karatAM paNa 82 7,000 pAuMDa jeTaluM vadhAre nIkaLyuM. ane haju to laDAI pUrI thavAnI nizAnI paNa dekhAtI nathI.' te ja pramANe citralanA yuddhano aMdAja zarUAtamAM 1,500,000 rUpiyA jaNAvavAmAM Avyo hato, paNa aMte kharca 13,643,000 rUpiyA thayuM hatuM. paraMtu tene aMge dara varSe kAyamanuM kharca sara vesTaleMDanA jaNAvyA mujaba (I. sa. 1895mAM) 1,02,000 rUpiyA jeTaluM ke, (I. sa. 1896 mAM) 2,317,000 rUpiyA jeTaluM cuMTayuM te juduM ja. temAM paNa rAjakIya kharcanA te be varSanA kara0,000 rUpiyA ane lazkarI kharcanA I. sa. 1896nI sAlanA 216,000 rUpiyA nathI ja gayA.

Page #162
12 calaNa ane hUMDiyAmaNu hiMdustAnamAMthI varavara paradeza ghasaDAtA dhanapravAhathI nIpajelA mUDInA abhAvane lIdhe kevAM akudaratI pariNAme nIpaje che, ane te pariNAmeno pramANikapaNe ane nyAyI rIte sAmano karavAne badale hiMdustAnanI paradezI sarakAra kevAM gerakAyadesara ane anyAyI pagalAM bharIne hiMdustAnanA kara bharanArAne kacarI paradezIone lAbha karI Ape che, tene dAkhale hiMdI sarakAranI calaNa ane dUDiyAmaNanI nIti pUrA pADe che. calaNa ane dUDiyAmaNanA praznanI bUmAM vAcakane laI jatA pahelAM huM amuka muddAonI cekhavaTa karI levA mAguM chuM. hUMDiyAmaNamAM vadhAre ghaTADo thAya tethI AMtararASTrIya vepArI vahevAramAM enI meLe kaze tAvika pheraphAra thato nathI; kAraNake te vahevAra tarata ja ApoApa navA dara pramANe goThavAI jAya che. huM eka sAdAmAM sAda

Page #163
calaNa ane hUMDiyAmaNa 153 dAkhalo ApuM. dhAro ke meM rUnI gAMsaDIo iMglaMDa caDAvavAmAM 10,000 rUpiyA rokyA. pachI hUMDiyAmaNane dara gaNatarImAM laI ne huM vicAruM chuM ke, mAre te gAMsaDIe iMglaMDamAM kaye bhAve vecavI joIe ke jethI mane naphA sAthe 11,000 rUpiyA hiMdustAnamAM pAchA maLe. dhAre ke, huM daDiyAmaNane dara 3 ziliMgane 1 rUpiye gaNuM chuM, ane mane jaNAya che ke, iMglaMDamAM che pinsa 1 ratala rU vecavAthI mane hiMdustAnamAM 11,000 rUpiyA jeTalI cAMdI maLI raheze. eTale huM e pramANe iMglaMDanA mArA dalAlane sUcanA ApuM chuM ke, che pinsa ratala sudhIne bhAve mAruM rU vecaje. have je mArI gaNatarI pramANe A sAda pAra paDe, to mane 11,000 rUpiyA pAchA maLe, ane e vepAra pUre thAya. have dhAro ke, e ja vepAra huM be ziliMge 1 rUpiyAnA dUDiyAmaNanA darane badale 16 pensa rUpiyAno dara hAya tyAre karuM chuM. to paNa huM tarata ja gaNatarI karI lauM chuM ane jouM chuM ke, ka pejo 1 ratala rU vecAya, to mane 11,000 rUpiyA pAchA maLaze. eTale huM mArA blaDanA dalAlane e bhAva sudhI vecavAnI sUcanA ApI dauM chuM ane mAre vepAra pUro thAya che. paraMtu keTalAka lokonI mAnyatA evI che ke, jyAre daMDiyAmaNane dara be ziliMge 1 rUpica hato. tyAre jema mane mArA nA rahe che pensa pajyA hatA, tema hUMDiyAmaNano dara 16 pense 1 rUpiyA hoya tyAre paNa mane ratala rUnA che pinsa ja UpajavAnA, ane tethI mane 11,000

Page #164
154 hiMdustAnanI garIbaI rUpiyAne badale 16,500 rUpiyA maLavAnA ane lAbha thavAne paraMtu vastutAe ema banatuM ja nathI; kAraNa ke daMDiyAmaNanA dara jema UMcAnIcA jAya che, tema vastuonA bhAva paNa ApoApa goThavAI jAya che. kAraNa ke, bajAramAM harIphAI cAlu ja hoya che, eTale huM nahi to bhAre paDozI pitAne bhAla e che ke vecaze, ane ema chevaTe bhAva ThekANe AvI jaze. jyAre vastusthiti Ama che, tyAre cAMdInA bhAva besavAthI hUMDiyAmaNanA bhAva UMcAnIcA thAya che tyAre hiMdI sarakAra kema gabharAya che, ane tene TaMkazALa baMdha karavAno, sonAnuM calaNa dAkhala karavAne, tathA pAuMDa ane rUpiyA vacce hUMDiyAmaNanuM pramANa ekasa karavAno muddo kama ubhA karavo paDe che? tenuM kAraNa bIjuM kazuM nathI. paNa hiMdustAnanI rAjakIya parataMtratA ja che. hiMdustAnamAMthI dara varSe hiMdI sarakArane "hama cArjisa tarIke " iMglaMDamAM Azare 20,000,000 pAuMDa bharavA paDe che. TUMDiyAmaNane dara jyAre ra ziliMge rUpiyA hato tyAre teTalA pAuMDa bharavA mATe hiMdustAnanI tijorImAMthI tene ra0 karoDa rUpiyA upADavA paDatA hatA. paraMtu daMDiyAmaNane bhAva vara varasa besato javAthI 16 pensane rUpiyA thaI gayo; eTale teTalI ja rakama iMglaMDa bharavA mATe tene have tijArImAMthI 30 karoDa rUpiyA upADavA paDe tevI sthiti AvI. eTale ke, teTalI vadhArAnI rakama meLavavA mATe tene navI kAra ja nAkhavA paDe. ne kara nAkhavAmAM to sarakArane kAMI khAreka

Page #165
calaNa ane hUMDiyAmaNa 155. tema hotuM nathI. paraMtu hiMdustAnanA loke upara naMkhAya teTalA badhA ja kara atyAre agAu naMkhAI gayA hovAthI, na kara nAMkho e hiMdustAnanI keDa ja bhAgI nAkhavA. - jevuM hatuM, athavA to lokone maraNiyA karavA jevuM ja hatuM. hiMdI vajIre te ja vastu potAnA I. sa. 1886nA. kharatAmAM spaSTa karI che ke, "vadhArAnA karaverA nAkhavA e haMmezAM hiMdI sarakArane mUMjhavanArI vastu rahI che; ane temAM paNa sauthI moTo virodha to leke je jAtanA karaverAthI paricita nathI, te jAtanA karaverAne aMge, tema ja temAM vAraMvAra karAtA pheraphArane aMge, ke tevA pheraphAra haju paNa bhaviSyamAM karavAmAM Avaze ane vadhu karaverA nAkhavAmAM Avaze evI saMbhavitatAne aMge hoya che. . . AvI. vastusthiti koI paNa dezamAM meTAmAM meTAaniSTarUpa manAya, ane temAMya hiMdustAna jevA dezamAM to te jokhamabharelI gaNAya" have, e vAta to ughADI che, ke kharca vadhyuM hoya ane te mATe navA karaverA naMkhAya tema na hoya, to koI paNa prajAhitaiSI sarakAra bane teTalo kharcanI rakamamAM ja ghaTADe, karavAne tanatoDa prayatna kare. paraMtu tene badale hiMdustAnanI paradezI sarakAre zuM karyuM te jovA jevuM che. teNe ekadama TaMkazALa baMdha karIne rUpiyAnI achata bajAramAM UbhI, karavAnuM, sonAnuM calaNa dAkhala karavAnuM, tathA pAuMDa ane rUpiyAnA daMDiyAmaNane dara manasvI rIte karAvavAnuM nakkI karyuM.. Ama karavAthI sarakArane zuM phAyado thAya, te samajAvatA pahelAM.. huM zarUAtamAM eka bIjA muddAnI cekhavaTa karI lauM.

Page #166
hiMdustAnanI garImAI iMgleMDamAM pAuMDanuM calaNa che. pAuMDa eTale amuka pramANatA sAnAne sikko. sarakAra peAtAnI chApa tenA upara mArIne ema jaNAve che ke, temAM amuka zuddhatAnuM 123.274 greina sAnuM che. kAI paNa mANasa ceAkkasa muddatAnuM 126274 greina sAnuM laIne jAya, ane tenA upara chApa pADavAnI sarakArI majUrI ( ause 15 pensa ) ApIne pAuMDano sikko mAge, te sarakAra tene te sikko Ape. temAM sAnuM vecavA-kharIdavAne savAla nathI, paraMtu sarakAre calaNa khAtara amuka jAtanuM mApa svIkAryu hAvAthI, te sikko barAbara e mApane che evuM jAhera karavAnA savAla che. tyAra bAda leAkA te sikkAne AdhAre bIjI badhI vastuonI kiMmata nakkI kare che. 156 e ja pramANe hiMdustAnamAM paNa amuka zuddhatAvALI 180 greIna cAMdI, ane chapAmaNI tarIke tevI cAra grene vadhu cAMdI Ape, eTale tamane rUpiye maLavA teI e. kAI paNa dezamAM calaNanuM mApa nakkI karyAM pachI, tene aMge senAcAMdInA bajAramAM, ke lokAne te e te pramANamAM te sikkA chApI ApavAnI bAbatamAM sarakAranI bIjI kAMI DakhalagIrI na hoya. pazu leAkAnA vyavahAramAM jema labAI mATe phUTa ke gaja hAya che, vajana mATe zera, maNa vagere hAya che, tema vinimayanA vyavahAra mATe calaNI nANuM hoya che. ane te calaNI nANuM amuka cokkasa prakAranuM rahe te mATe sarakAra tene amuka kharca laI pAtAne sikko mArIne nakkI karI Ape che. calaNI nANAmAM e sivAya sarakAranI bIjI ja ke levAdevA hAya ja nahi,

Page #167
calaNa ane ziyAmaNa 157have sarakAra TaMkazALa baMdha karIne rUpiyAnI achata UbhI kare, e kevuM anyAyI. apramANika ane julamI kRtya che te samajAze. kAraNa ke, je rUpiyo cAlu bajArabhAve 184 greIna cAMdInI kiMmatano eTale ke 11 pinsanI kiMmatanA sonA jeTa hato, tene sarakAre TaMkazALa baMdha karIne tenI kRtrima achata UbhI karI, 16 pinsanI kiMmatanA senA jeTalo eTale ke 269 greIna cAMdInI kiMmata jeTalo ma karI mU; joke temAM vAstavika rIte teTalI: kiMmatanI cAMdI hatI ja nahi. dAkhalA tarIke, huM mArI khetInI pedAza laIne 184 greIna cAMdI kharIdavA bajAramAM jAuM chuM. tene mATe mAre 1 maNa cekhA ApavA paDe che. have te cAMdI laIne huM sarakAra pAse jAuM chuM ane kahuM chuM ke A cAMdI laIne tame mane rUpiye chIpI Ape, jethI huM sarakAranuM mahesUla bharI zakuM. paraMtu sarakAra ane have rUpiye chApI ApavAnI nA pADe che, paraMtu mahesUla mATe to. chApelo rUpiye ja lAvavAnuM kahe che. eTale mAre bajAramAM pAchuM pharIthI rUpiye levA javuM paDe che. paraMtu bajAramAM jenI pAse rUpiyA che, te to rUpiyAnI achata hovAthI mArI pAse 18 ne badale 269 greIna cAMdI mAge che. eTale bhAre 1 maNane badale 15 maNa cekhA ApIne te rUpiyo : kharIdavo paDe che, eTale ke mAre have e ja rUpiye meLavavA mArA 45 TakA jeTalI kiMmatanA vadhAre cekhA ApI devA, paDe che. eTale ke ADakatarI rIte sarakArane bhAre 45 TakA mahesUla vadhAre bharavuM paDe che. paraMtu moTA moTA sarakArI amaladAronA pagAra to sarakAra pahelAMnI saMkhyAmAM ja

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158 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI ApavAnI, eTale temanA pagAramAM paNa sAthe sAthe ApaApa 45 TakA vadhAre thaI jAya che; tema ja leNadAre paNa devAdAra pAsethI te pahelAM ApelA rUpiyAnI ja saMkhyA pAchA mAgavAnA; eTale devAdAronuM devuM paNa 45 TakA vadhI jAya che. haMmezAM leNadAre to devAdAra karatAM upalA ke sArA varganA hovAnA; eTale pariNAme sarakAre garIba vargane bhAge sarakArI tijorI, sarakArI amaladAre ane upalA leNadAra vargone phAyado karI Ape evo artha thayo. TaMkazALa baMdha karIne sarakArano IrAdo senAnuM calaNa dAkhala karavAne ane rUpiyA tathA senA vacce hUMDiyAmaNanI dara pitAnI sattAthI nakkI karavAne hato. paraMtu IgleMDanA tijorIkhAtAmAM haju eTalo badho kaLiyuga peThe na ho; eTale teNe to cokhA zabdomAM hiMdI sarakArane lakhI jaNAvyuM ke, "bIjI sarakAre pitAnA calaNane besADI de che, paraMtu te te temane leNadArone je paisA bharavAne hAya che tenI rakama ochI karavA mATe; paraMtu hiMdI sarakAra to potAnA kara bharanArAo pAsethI vadhAre paisA paDAvavA mATe -Ama karavA mAge che. e baMne dAkhalAomAM sarakAra sAme je apramANikatA ane karArabhaMgane Aropa mUkI zakAya, te samAna ja che. "hiMdI sarakAra ema kahevA mAge che ke, calaNI sikkAnI kiMmata bane teTalI sthira karavI joIe. e vAta sAcI che, paraMtu tema karavAne ekamAtra rasto tenA pramANamAM kazo pheraphAra na kara e ja che. jema ke, pAuDa eTale amuka pramANanuM sonuM, ane rUpiyo eTale amuka

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calaNa ane hUMDiyAmaNa 159 pramANunI cAMdI. e sivAya calaNane sthira karavAnI cha kAI rIta atyAra sudhI jANavAmAM AvI nathI. e sAdI vyAkhyAnI uparavaTa jaIne kAMI paNa DahApaNuM DaheALavA javuM, ane ame niraka tema ja badadAnatavALu mAnIe chIe. hiMdI sarakAra calaNane bhAva je rIte sthira karavA mAge che; te rIte te! mAtra hiMdI sarakArane kAyadA thaze. kAraNake tene iMgleMDa bharavAnI rakamamAM calaNane kAraNe thayelA pheraphArane mATe navA karaverA nAkhavAnI gUMcavaNa TaLI jaze; uparAMta hiMdustAnamAM nokarI karatA aMgreja amaladAre| ke bIjA agrejo e peAtAnA paisA iMgleDa meAkalavA mAgatA haze temane phAyadA thaze. paraMtu e phAyadA hiMdI karaverA bharanArAone bhAge thaze. eTaluM ja nahIM paNa hiMdustAnamAM lokAnI aMdara aMdara je kAMI leNAMdeNAM haze ke cesa bharaNAM bharavAnAM haze, tenI kiMmatamAM paNa vadhArA thaI jaze. khAsa karIne tA, kheDUta prajAne zAhukArA pratye je leNAM bharavAnAM haze, temAM vadhAre thaI jaze. "" eTale amArI mAnyatA pramANe, hiMdI sarakAra pAse potAnA calaNanA kAyadAmAM sUcavelA pheraphAra karavA mATe pUratAM kAraNe| nathI. tema ja tenI sAme je zakAe ane virAdha ame uDAvyAM che, temane pUrateA javAma na maLe, tyAM sudhI ame te svIkArI zakIe tema nathI. kAraNuM, ame je vAMdhA uDDAvyA che, temanI pAchaLa lAM vakhatathI siddha thayelA siddhAMtA che, ke jemane svIkAra sAmAnya rIte badhA rAjanItine tema ja cakSaNavyavahAranA suprasiddha niSNAte paNa kare che. eTale hiMdI sarakAra pratye ane 66

Page #170
160 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI teTalI mAnanI lAgaNI rAkhIne paNa amAre evuM spaSTa jaNAvI devuM joIe ke, hiMdI sarakAranI sucanA zAhI sarakAra ke hiMdI vajIra na svIkArI zake." senAnuM calaNa hiMdustAnamAM dAkhala karavAmAM hiMdI sarakAranI dalIla e hatI, ke tenAthI dUDiyAmaNunA daramAM thatI vadhaghaTane kAraNe hiMdustAnanA kAne thatuM nukasAna baMdha thaze. paraMtu sonAnuM calaNa dAkhala karavAthI hiMdI karaverA bharanArAne kevI rIte phAyado thAya, te ja samajI zakAtuM nathI. dhAro ke daMDiyAmaNane dara 3 ziliMge rUpiyA hoya, tyAre IgleMDa bharavAnI "hama cArjisa" nI vArSika 19,000,000 pAuMDanI rakama peTe hiMdI kara bharanArAone 10 lAkha Tana anAja mekalavuM paDe. paraMtu daMDiyAmaNano dara 1 ziliMge 1 rUpiyo thAya, to tene 20 lAkha Tana anAja mokalavuM paDe. calaNa senAnuM ke cAMdInuM hoya to paNa te vastumAM kazo pheraphAra na thAya. kAraNake, hiMdI kara bharanArAne te 19,000,000 pAuMDa kharIdI zakAya teTalI pedAza laMDa mekalavI ja rahI. mAtra, sonAnA bhAvamAM je vadhaghaTa thAya, te anusAra tene te pedAza ochI ke vadhAre mokalavI paDe. eTale sonAnuM calaNa dAkhala karavAthI to hiMdI kara bharanArAne calaNane. pheravIne sonAnuM karavAmAM je meTuM kharca thAya, te ja vadhArAnuM uThAvavAnuM thAya eTaluM ja. vaLI, senAnI mAga vadhatAM tenA bhAvamAM je vadhAro thAya, te uThAvavo paDe te judo ja. A uparAMta, dhAre ke hiMdI kheDUtane 10 rUpiyA jamIna-- mahesUla bharavuM paDe che. have jyAre sonAnuM calaNa dAkhala

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calaNa ane huDiyANa 16 thAya, tyAre paNa sarakAra tenI pAsethI 10 rUpiyAnA badalAmAM zuM leze? atyAre sarakAra kula 850,000,000 rUpiyA mahesUla loko pAsethI le che. sonAnuM calaNa dAkhala karyA bAda te zuM karaze? te atyAranA 1 ziliMge 1 rUpiyAne dare 42,500,000 pAuMDa leze ke, manasvI rIte TharAvelA 2 ziliMge rUpiyAne dara bamaNI mahesUla leze ? je bamaNI mahesUla ja le, to to sonAnA calaNathI kara bharanArAne bahu phAyado thayo kahevAya ! uparAMta, sonAnuM calaNa dAkhala karyA bAda geArA amaladArane keTalo pagAra sarakAra Apaze? dhAro ke tene mahine 1000 rUpiyA pagAra maLe che. TUMDiyAmaNane jUne dare tenA tene 100 pAuMDa maLatA hatA. paraMtu have sarakAra tene 1 rUpiye 1 ziliMganA na dare pa0 pAuMDa pagAra Apaze ane pilo te kabUla rAkhaze? kadI nahIM. te to pitAnA 100 pAuMDa ja mAgaze. ane "kevinanTeDa sarvisane gorAoe to potAne mATe 25 pensano dara kabUla karAvI ja rAkhe che, pachI bhale hUMDiyAmaNane dara cha pensane hA, ke 12 pensane ho. have to badhA ja gorA amaladAro 25 pensano dara bhAgI rahyA che, ane sarakAra te te kabUla rAkhavAnI ja. eTale kharI rIte temano pagAra kAyadesara pa0 pAuMDane badale 10 ke 105 pAuMDa thaze! to AmAM hiMdI kara bharanArAne zo phAyade thayo? eTale ja ke gorAonA pagAra bharapAI karavA tene bamaNu pedAza have ApavI paDavAnI ! 11

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI geArA vepArIo paNa sAnAnA calaNa mATe khUma pADI rahyA che; ke jethI temanA vepAranuM jokhama evuM thaI jAya. temanI dhRSTatAne te dhanyavAda ja ghaTe che. te baeNkAmAM mUkeluM hiMdI sarakAranuM mahesUla ja pAtAnI mUDI tarIke vApare che ane dezamAMthI naphA paDAve che; uparAMta dezane cUsIne meLavelI rakama vaDe ja dezanA hunnaraudyogAne hAthamAM letA jAya che. tevA leAkeAnI khUma kAne dharIne sarakAra hiMdI kara bharanArAone kacaravA mAge che. te DhAkAne vepAra karavA hAya. temAM sarakArane zuM? vepAranA naphAnI jema temaNe dUDiyAmaNanA daranI svAbhAvika vadhaghaTa paNa sahana karavI ja neI e. tene badale hiMdI kara bharanArAne bhAge temane temanA nakAmAM nizcitatA karI ApavI, e cAMne nyAya ? 12 eTale ke, TaMkazALa baMdha karavAthI ke seAnAnuM calaNa zarU karavAthI sarakArane ane geArAone kAyadA thavAnA che. AkI kara bharanArAone te kazI ja rAhata maLavAnI nathI. UlaTuM, bajAramAM rUpiyAnI achata thavAthI te rUpiyA meLavavA hiMdI prajAjanane teA peAtAnI pedAzane vadhAre bhAga ApI deve paDaze, ane gerA amaladArAne teA rUpiyA mAMdhe thavA chatAM mULa saMkhyAmAM ja pagAra ApavAnA che eTale temanA pagAra peTe paNa prajAjanane pAtAnI pedAzanA teTalA vadhAre bhAga ApavA paDaze ! arthAt sarakAranAM e bane pagalAM hiMdI prAjanane dUMDiyAmaNanA daranA vadhaghaTathI thatA nukasAnamAMthI bacAvavAne badale, tenA upara vaLI vadhAre eo nAkhaze.

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calaNa ane hUMDiyAmaNa 113 vaLI, hiMdI sarakAranI yejanAmAM pAuMDa ane rUpiyA vacceno dara kAyadAthI niyata karavAnI vAta paNa hatI. tene javAbamAM te igleMDanA tijorIkhAtAe (I. sa. 1886) je lakhyuM che, te TAMkIne ja huM saMtoSa mAnIza. temaNe jaNAvyuM ke, "tema karavuM jarUrI hoya to paNa te kevI rIte karI zakAya te to tame jaNAvatA ja nathI. I. sa. 1878mAM hiMdI vare censelara opha eksekarane AvA ja muddAnuM lakhANa mokalyuM hatuM. censelare te muddo niSNAtonI eka kamiTIne tapAsavA mATe Apyo hato. te kamiTIe cekhuM jaNAvyuM hatuM ke, "hiMdI sarakAranI sucanA maMjUra rAkhavA mATe zAhI sarakArane bhalAmaNa karI zakAya tema nathI, evuM ame badhA ekamate jAhera karIe chIe." pachI I. sa. 1879mAM tijorIkhAtAe hiMdI sarakArane je javAba lakhI mokalyo hato, temAMthI nIcenA phakarA atyAre pharI hiMdI vajIranA dhyAna upara ame lAvavA mAgIe chIe : "calaNanA kAyadAmAM pheraphAra karavo, e koI paNa sarakAra mATe meTAmAM moTuM muzkela kAma che; ane tAtkAlika saMjogonA dabANane vaza thaI athavA amuka anizcita pariNAmonA DarathI gabharAI te bAbatamAM utAvaLe pagalAM bharI besavAM e salAhabharyuM nathI. calaNane viSaya bahu phUTa che, tema ja vyakti tema ja samAjane baMnene mATe ati mahattvanuM che. kAraNake, tenI asara dainika jIvananA tamAma vyavahAra ane saMbaMdha upara sIdhI thAya che. - "hiMdI sarakAra kahe che ke, atyAre jema che tema cAle, eTale ke, hUMDiyAmaNanA dara varase varasa besatA jAya, te

Page #174
hiMdustAnanI garIbAI karaverAmAM pheraphAra karavo paDe. paraMtu tema karavuM ja paDe evuM ame mAnatA nathI. kAraNaka, kharca ochuM karavAnI vAta to hiMdI sarakAra karatI ja nathI; potAnA kharcamAM karakasara karIne jamA ane udhAranAM pAsAM jarUra baMdhabesatAM karI zakAya. hiMdI sarakArane IMgleMDa je rakama bharavI paDe che, temAM cAMdInA bhAvanI je harIphAI tene naDe che, te hiMdI sarakAra dUra karavA mAge che. paraMtu teno artha aMte to e ja thAya che ke, hiMdI sarakAra pitAne je pitAne khabhethI utArIne bIjAne khabhe nAkhavA mAge che. ane ema ja hoya to aMte te bojo kone khabhe jaIne paDaze, tema ja tenI asara hiMdI sarakAranI zAkha ke hiMdI vepAra upara zI thaze, tene vicAra te kema karatI nathI? " te kharItAmAM upara jaNAvelA je radiyo ApyA che, tenAthI judA paDavAnuM kazuM kAraNe hiMdI sarakAre A navA kharItamAM jaNAvyuM nathI. IgleMDa dezanI te haMmezAM e nIti ja rahI che ke, vyApArI saMbaMdhomAM sarakArI kAyadAnI bane tyAM sudhI kazI DakhalagIrI na karavI, ane mAlanI levaDadevaDamAM kazAM niyaMtraNa na mUkavAM. paraMtu pAuDI ane rUpiyA vacce DiyAmaNano dara kAyadAthI karavA besIe, to uparanA siddhAMtono bhaMga thAya ane kudaratI kAyadAmAM manasvI DakhalagIrI karyA jevuM thAya, ke je karavAnI atyAre kazI jarUra dekhAtI nathI. uparAMta, pahelAMnA kharItAmAM ame kharca ochuM karavAnI je sucanA karI hatI, te viSe sarakAre kazo javAba Apyo ja nathI. AjanA prasaMge te vastu to

Page #175
calaNa ane hUMDiyAmaNa vaLI vadhAre Avazyaka che. kAraNake, ema cokkasa kahI zakAya ke, sonAcAMdInA bajArabhAva nakkI karavA jevA karatAM pitAnuM kharca ochuM karavuM e ApaNuM potAnA kAbUnI vAta vadhAre pramANamAM che." iMglaMDanA tijorIkhAtAe jyAre hiMdI sarakAranI sUcanAne Ama eka ja uDAvI dIdhI, tyAre hiMdI sarakAre potAnuM dhAryuM karavAnI haMmezanI rIta mujaba, potAnAM ja mANasanI eka kamiTI, A bAbatanI tapAsa karIne potAno nirNaya ApavA mATe I. sa. 1893mAM nIma. ane iMglaMDane tijorIkhAtAe je vastune arthazAstranA sAmAnya siddhAMtothI viruddha jatI" karAvI hatI ane spaSTa zabdomAM vakhoDI kADhI hatI, te ja vastune maMjUra karI. iMglaMDanA tijorI khAtAe pachI kazo ja vAMdhe na lIdhe. kAraNake, tenA pitAnA peTamAM te tethI kAMI du:khavAnuM nahotuM. hiMdustAnanA kara bharanArAonuM je thavAnuM hoya te thAya, paraMtu jyAM sudhI iMglaMDanA kara bharanArAone kazuM sIdhuM nukasAna na thatuM hoya, tyAM sudhI hiMdI sarakArane rokavA jeTalI hade javAnI tene zI jarUra ? upara varNavelI du:khada ghaTanAo upara TIkA karavI nirarthaka che. A badhAM aniSTonuM mULa hiMdustAnanA rAjataMtramAM rAkhelA vadhAre paDatA gorA amaladAro che. temanA pagAre ane penzana ityAdi peTe dara varase iMglaMDa ATalI moTI rakama bharavI paDatI na hota, te TUMDiyAmaNunA daranI vadhaghaTane lIdhe sarakArane kI muzkelI na Avata.

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI cIna vagere bIjA dezomAM paNa cAMdInuM ja calaNa che. paraMtu hiMdI sarakArane atyAre je muzkelI naDe che, tevI temane kazI ja muzkelI nathI naDatI. hiMdI vajIra lorDa ruDolpha carcAle I. sa. 1886mAM mekalelA kharItAmAM ja paSTa ekarAra karyo che ke, "e kahevAnI jarUra ja nathI ke, hiMdI sarakArane dara varSe IMglaMDamAM pharajiyAta senAnA calaNamAM je nANuM bharavAM paDe che, tene kAraNe ja rUpiyAnA hUMDiyAmaNamAM thatA ghaTADAne lIdhe tenI kothaLIne sIdhI asara pahoMce che. dezanuM rAjataMtra paradezIonA hAthamAM hovAthI rAjataMtranI badhI mukhya nokarIo paradezIonA hAthamAM che, ane lazkarano moTo bhAga paNa temane banelo che. eTale e paradezI rAjyane pariNAme, tema ja dezanI bahAra karavAmAM AvatA kharcane bharapAI karavA mATe je navA karaverA nAkhavA ja paDe, te vastu rAjakIya dRSTie jokhamabharelI che; ane tenI gaMbhIratA, jemane hiMdI rAjataMtranI kazI mAhitI nathI ke jemane tenI sAthe kazI levAdevA nathI, temanI kalpanAmAM paNa AvI zake tema nathI." paraMtu e paradezI rAjyane pariNAme nIpajatAM aniSTa dUra karavAne rasto, hiMdI sarakAra kare che tema calaNanI karAmata karavI e nathI. hiMdustAnanA briTiza rAjyane surakSita ane daDha pAyA upara mUkavuM hoya, ane hiMdI prajAne A badhA rASTrIya, rAjakIya ane naitika adhaHpatana tema ja Arthika ane bhautika pAyamAlImAMthI bacAvavI hoya, te atyAranA gera-aMgrejI rAjyane badale sAcuM aMgrejI rAjya

Page #177
calaNu ane hUMDiyAmaNu 137 sthApavuM joI e; ke je aMte iMgleMDa tema ja hiMdustAna anene AzIrvAda rUpa nIvaDe. huM AzA rAkhuM chuM ke, kaMgAla hiMdI prajA pratyenA A tema ja bIjA paNa aneka prakAranA anyAyI, amAnuSI ane gera-aMgrejI vartAva have bhUtakALanI vAtA thaI jaze, ane sAcuM agrejI rAjya hiMda tema ja briTana atene Ada ane samRddha karaze. atyAranI vastusthiti te asahyu che. AkhA dezanA lAkhA manuSyAnuM bhAvI je paradezI sarakAranA hAthamAM che, te peAtAnA ke peAtAnA jAtabhAI nA hitanA ke lAbhAlAbhane ja vicAra prathama kare, ane dezanI prajAne te pachIthI kare, athavA peAtAnI lAbhahAnine prazna heAya teA na ja kare - e vastusthiti anete mATe hitakara nathI. lorDa meyAe eka prasaMge khelatAM jaNAvyuM hatuM ke, ApaNe te! prathama dezanA vatanIo tarapha lakSa ApavuM joI e; hiMdustAnanA leAkAnuM hita ja ApaNuM mukhya dhyeya hevuM joI e. jo ApaNe temanA hita mATe ahIM rahetA na heAI e, tA ApaNe ahIM rahevuM ja na te e." ane e ja vastu pUrNa satya che. atyAranI sarakAranuM svAthI taMtra ane svAthI bhAvanA teA peAtAnA lAbhAlAbha ja vicAre che. ethI alabatta iMgleMDane thADAghaNA phAyadA thatA haze; paraMtu hiMdustAnanI te pAyamAlI ja thAya che. lorDa meyeAnA umadA zabdo anusAra hiMdustAnanA leAkeAnA hitane ja te ahIMnA rAjataMtranuM, dhyeya banAvavAmAM Ave, te IMgleMDane peAtAne ja atyAranA karatAM vadhu phAyade! thaze; ane hiMdustAna paNa iMgleMDanA nAma upara AzIrvAda varasAvaze; tathA " 64 >

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168 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI atyAre kare che tema zrApa nahi varasAve - jo ke te vastune pitAnI AMkha mIMcI rAkhI aMgrejo to jevA ja mAgatA nathI. lorDa meyo kahe che tema kare; eTale vepAra, mahesUla, tijorI, calaNa, dukALa, lega, anAvazyaka yuddho, ane - chelluM paNa agatyanuM evuM-dezanI garIbAI tathA asaMtoSa dUra thaze. atyAra sudhIno bhUtakALa to "cUsavAmAM ane pAyamAlI karavAmAM" gayo che. paNa have bhaviSyane to AbAdIjanaka ane unnatikAraka banAvo. pachI hiMdustAna sArA rAjataMtra mATe ane Avazyaka pragati mATe joItuM badhuM kharca sahelAIthI uThAvI zakaze. lorDa menA zabdomAM ja hiMdustAnanAM badhAM duHkhAnuM, aniSTonuM ane iMglaMDane mATe gaMbhIra prakAranAM rAjakIya jokhamenuM mULa samAyeluM che, tema ja te badhAne sAro upAya paNa che.

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13 upAya atyAra sudhI meM je kAMI dAkhalA-dalIle rajU karyAM che,ma te uparathI dekhAI AvyuM haze ke, hiMdustAnanA leAkeAnuM kharuM du:kha ane tenuM kharuM kAraNa sarakAranuM hAlanuM taMtra kharcALa che e nathI. sAmAnya saMjogAmAM tA hiMdustAna peAtAnI pragatine mATe Avazyaka hAya to tenAthI paNa megaNuM ke traNagaNuM kharca pUruM pADI zake tema che. paraMtu, tenuM kharuM kAraNa tA te kharca je rIte karavAmAM Ave che te che; ke jene pariNAme te kharcA mATe bhAga AAkAne pAchA na maLatAM haMmezane mATe paradeza cAlye| jAya che. hiMdustAna tA zuM paNa duniyAne Aje kAI paNa deza, are iMgleMDa paNu, e rItanA zeSaNa sAme na TakI zake. tame game tevI uttama rAjavyavasthA vicArI kADhe, are mAnuSI te| zuM paNa daivI I.sa. 1893mAM veNI kamizana AgaLa ApelI jIkhAnImAMthI.

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* 170 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI rAjavyavasthA vicArI kADho, ane teno amala karavA paradezI amaladAre lA - bhale pachI te svargamAMthI sIdhA AvelA devadUto kema na hoya - paNa jyAM sudhI temanI mAraphate dezanA paisAno moTe bhAge dara varSe haMmezane mATe paradeza ja cAlyo jAya, tyAM sudhI kenI sthiti sudharavAnI AzA karavAne cheDI do. eTaluM ja nahi, paNa, navA sudhArA ane pragatinI tamArI yojanA jema vadhu saMpUrNa ane vadhu vizALa haze, tema lokonuM aniSTa paNa teTalA ja pramANamAM vadhaze, paNa ghaTaze nahi. kAraNa ke, atyAre hiMdustAnamAM sudhArA ane pragatino je rIte artha karavAmAM Ave che, te rIte to, teTalA vadhAre paradezI zoSake dezane lAgu thAya, eTaluM ja. tethI lokonuM daLadara to phITe ja nahi. kAraNa ke, je vastu daradInA roganuM ja mULa kAraNa che, tene vadhAravAthI roga dUra kema karIne thAya ? to pachI, hiMdustAnamAM navA prakAranuM suvyavasthita rAjataMtra cAlu rahe, iMglaMDanAM hito paNa jaLavAI rahe, tathA lokonI dazA paNa sudhare evo koI upAya che ke nahi ? e upAya DAM varSa agAu iMglaMDanA be samartha rAjapuruSoe kyArano batAvI dIdhuM che, ane teno amala thatAM tenI saphaLatA paNa badhAnI AMkha sAme ja puravAra thaI cUkI che. maisura rAjyamAMthI aMgrejI vahIvaTa uThAvI laI, te rAjya tyAM dezI rAjAne soMpavAmAM AvyuM, te bInAnI huM ahIM vAta karuM chuM. I. sa. 1867mAM maisuranuM rAjya dezI rAjAne soMpavAnuM nakakI karavAmAM AvyuM, tyAre pArlAmenTamAM bhAre carcA cAlI hatI. hiMdustAnanA

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kipAca 171 sattAvALAo tenI taddana viruddha hatA. te vakhate hiMdI vajIra lorDa kenabarna (pachIthI laoNrDa selIsabarI) 22mI jAnyuArI 186 ne rAja bolatAM jaNAvyuM hatuM ke, "mAruM cakakasa mAnavuM che ke, sArA rAjataMtravALuM dezI rAjya ApaNI hakumatanI daDhatA mATe vAstavika rIte upakAraka che; eTaluM ja nahi, paNa, te badhA karatAM mahattvanuM evuM to e che ke, te rAnya hiMdustAnanA lokomAM svamAnanI bhAvanA vadhAre che tathA lokonI mahattvAkAMkSAne eka uttama dhyeya pUruM pADe che." I. sa. 186 chane 24mI mene divase hiMdI vajIra sara sTepharDa northakeTe (pachI lorDa iTsae) paNa e ja vastune aMge belatAM jaNAvyuM , "dezI rAjavahIvaTanI mukhya phAyado te e hoya che ke, temAM rAjakta ane prajAjano vacce sahAnubhUtinI lAgaNI hoya che. kAraNa ke, rAjakartAvamAM prajAnA pUrvagraho ane IcchAo samajI zakato hoya che tathA tenI kadara karatA hoya che. khAsa karIne hiMdu rAjyamAM to lokonI dhArmika lAgaNIo. rAjakartAnA pakSamAM vALavAmAM AvI hoya che, jyAre ApaNI bAbatamAM te ApaNuthI viruddha uzkerAI heAya che. hiMdustAnathI pAchA AvelA ghaNuM lokoe mane kahyuM che ke, koI dezI zaheramAM thaIne pasAra thatI veLAe baMne bAjue AvelAM ghara tarapha najara karIe chIe, tyAre ema lAgyA vinA rahetuM ja nathI ke, te gharamAM rahenArA lokonI vicArasaraNIe. lAgaNIo tema ja temanA pUrvagraha vagere viSe ApaNe vAstavika zuM jANIe chIe? eTale aMgrejI rAjataMtrane te ghaNA pratikULa saMjogemAM ja kAma

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- 272 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI karavAnuM rahevAnuM. tethI ApaNe te bane tyAM sudhI dezI rAjataMtranI vyavasthA ja vadhAratA rahevuM joIe, jethI tyAMnA vatanIonI buddhizakti ane kAryazaktine vikasavAnuM kSetra maLI rahe; ane e rIte temAM je kAMI mahAna ane uttama tattva hoya, tene sarakAranI sevAnA kAmamAM laI zakAya. ja "hiMdustAnanA ApaNuM sAmrAjya jevI adbhuta vastu bIjI kaI hoI zake nahi; paraMtu ApaNe e vicAravuM ja joIe ke, atyAre ApaNe teno kArabhAra kevI rIte calAvIe chIe ane ApaNA pUrvagAmIe kevI rIte calAvatA hatA. megala sAmrAjyanI mahattA, mahAsamrATa akabara ane tenI pachI AvanArA bAdazAho jevAoe akhatyAra karelI, hiMdu lokonI buddhizakti ane madadane upayogamAM levAnI, ane loko sAthe bane teTaluM tAdAmya sAdhavAnI udAra rAjanIti upara ja avalaMbelI hatI. ApaNe e bAbatamAMthI pATha zIkhavo joIe. ApaNe hiMdustAna pratyenI ApaNI pharaja barAbara adA karavI hoya, to teno eka ja rasto che ane te e ke, te dezamAM je koI mahAna tema ja uttama to che, temanI madada ane salAha haMmeza ApaNe meLavavAM joIe. tene badale ema kahevuM ke, hiMdIomAM rAjanItijJapaNuM ke kAryakuzaLatAM ja meTA pramANamAM nathI, e akakala vagaranI vAta che. ApaNe ApaNI zaktithI bahu phulAI javuM na joIe; tema ja dezI rAjavyavasthA karatAM aMgrejI rAjataMtra dareka bAbatamAM caDiyAtuM ja che, ema haMmezAM bela bela na karavuM joIe. je hiMdustAnanA loko ApaNI peThe TIkA karavA

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upAya 173; bese, to teo ApaNuM rAjyavyavasthAmAM kavIya khAmIo batAvI zake. hiMdustAnanuM ApaNuM taMtra bahu jaTila che. tamAM TheraThera niyaMtraNa ane pratiniyaMtraNa rAkhavAmAM AvyAM che; tathA ghaNI vAra pUratI mAhitI ke dezIo pratyenI sahAnubhUtine abhAve keTalAya meTA meTA goTA , kAbumAM lAvI zakAtA nathI." te ja divase laoNrDa elIsabarIe lorDa Ine TekA. ApatAM kahyuM ke, "hiMdustAna viSe jeo sArA pramANamAM mAhitagAra che, te badhA ja kahe che ke, sArI rAjavyavasthAvALAM saMkhyAbaMdha dezI rAjyo hiMdustAnamAM hovAM, e hiMdustAnanA lokAnI rAjakIya ane naitika pragati mATe vadhAremAM vadhAre . upayogI thaI paDaze. mi. lenga sarakArI amaladAranA mAnasa, vaDe dalIla karavA mAge che ke, aMgrejI mulakamAM badhuM ja UjaLuM che, ane dezI mulakamAM badhuM ja kALuM che. joke, pitAnI dalIlanA samarthanamAM temaNe adhyA rAjyane dAkhalo TAMkyo che; paNa huM ema zaMkA karavAnI hiMmata karuM chuM ke,. - hiMdustAnanI atyAranI sAmAnya sthitinuM e sAcuM digdarzana nathI. dezI rAjyavahIvaTanI sAme jema ayodhyAne dAkhalo TAMkI zakAya, tema thoDA divasa bAda rajU thanAre erisAnA dukALane ahevAla aMgrejI rAjya sAme paNa TAMkI zakAya; ane e ahevAla to ayodhyA rAjyanA karatAMya keTalAya gaNo vadhu kALo che. aMgrejI rAjyamAM dezI rAjAo jevA atyAcAra ke gerakAyadesarapaNuM bhale nahi hoya; paraMtu aMgrejI rAjyamAM tenI potAnI ja evI keTalIya khAmIo che ke, je irAdApUrvakanI nahi hoya chatAM pariNAmamAM tethI,

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174 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI paNa vadhu bhayaMkara che. ApaNuM rAjakArabhAranuM taMtrabaddha thaI javAnuM valaNa; tenA jhINavaTabharyA saMgaThanane kAraNe ja temAM nIpajatI zithilatA ane bekALajI; temAM sarvatra mAlUma paDatI koI paNa jAtanI javAbadArI svIkAravAnI bIka; ane tenI hada bahAranI kendritatA - A badhAM pariNAme je kAraNee nIpaje che, tene mATe bhale kAI eka mANasane javAbadAra nahi harAvI zakAya, paraMtu te badhAM maLIne AkhA taMtramAM eTalA moTA pramANamAM reDhiyALapaNuM UbhuM kare che ke, je tyAMnAM bIjAM kudaratI kAraNo ane saMjoge sAthe maLIne lokone bhAre trAsa ane du:khajanaka thaI paDe che. "eTale ApaNI jhINavaTabharI paraMtu kRtrima rAjapaddhati sAthe hiMdustAnanI jADI paNa pariNAme jhaDapI evI dezI paddhatinI sarakhAmaNI karIe, tyAre A badhI bAbato lakSamAM rAkhavI joIe. kAraNa ke, kAI vikaTa prasaMge te jagAe viziSTa zaktivALo amaladAra na hoya, to ApaNuM jaTila taMtra karatAM dezI sAdI vyavasthA vadhu saMtoSakAraka pariNAma lAvI zake. Ama kahIne, hiMdustAnamAM ApaNuM kAma tyAMnAM dezI rAjataMtrane paNa vyavasthita karavAnuM, sudhAravAnuM ane vikasAvavAnuM che, enI huM nA pADavA nathI mAgato. paraMtu, tyAMnI dezI rAjavyavasthA ApaNA mulakamAM taddana asahya thaI paDe tevI hovA chatAM, te tyAMnA lokomAMthI ja nIpajelI hoI tene eka ja vADI kADhavA sAme mAre vAMdho che. te vyavasthAmAM tyAMnA loko mATe eka prakAranI evI gyatA ane mAphakatA che, ke je

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upAya 15 ApaNuM kalpanAmAM AvavI lagabhaga azakya che. te vyavasthAne jADApaNane lIdhe ghaNA dAkhalAomAM kAMIka sthala aniSTo jarUra nIpajatAM haze, paraMtu tenA karatAM keTalAya gaNe badale tyAMnA lokone temAMthI bIjI rIte vaLI rahe che. "mArA samarthanamAM sara jyorja kalAke mane kahelI eka vAta huM tamane kahI batAvuM. kAThiyAvADamAM TheraThera aMgrejI ane dezI hakumata joDe joDe AvelI che. sara jyorja kalAke mane kahyuM ke, teo pAse vadhAre mAlamatA vIMDhALavAnI na hovAthI, teo vAraMvAra aMgrejI hadamAMthI dezI rAjyonI hadamAM cAlyA jAya che. paraMtu dezI hadamAMthI loko aMgrejI hadamAM cAlyA AvavAne eka paNa dAkhalA temaNe sAMbhaLyo nathI. bhale tame hiMdustAnanA lokonI e viparIta buddhine vakhoDI kADhe; paraMtu je vastu temanA sukhamAM vRddhi kare che, temanI Tevone anukULa Ave che, ane temanI rIte temanI naitika pragati sAdhe che, te tamAre vicAramAM levI ja joIe. tamAre IrAdo eMglo-sekasana bIbA pramANe ja temane mAnasika vikAsa sAdhavAno haze, to tamAre ughADI ane bhAre hAra khAvI paDaze." upara je utArA TAMkaLyA. temAMthI je eka vastu spaSTa dekhAI Ave che, te e che ke, atyAranA hiMdustAnanA rAjataMtra ane vahIvaTamAM svAbhAvika ja evuM kAMIka che, ke jethI pariNAme lokone acUka tathA kAyamane trAsa ane dukha nIpaje ja : meMkelenA zabdomAM kahIe to "gulAmI'; elIsabarInA zabdomAM "ucca jIvana athavA padavInI bAbatamAM

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171 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI sadaMtara nirAzA, nirutsAha, ane jarA paNu svamAna vinAnI hInatA '; brAITanA zabdomAM ' atyaMta kaoNMgAliyata ane duHkha '; lorensa, mara, bArabara ane kaeNlvinanA zabdaomAM, : cheka chevaTanI hadanI garIbAI '; ane manareAnA zabdomAM adhaHpAta '; ane e badhAM pariNAmeAnA saravALArUpe lADa cIlanA zabdomAM briTiza hukUmatane 'gaMbhIra jokhama ', AvA saMjogeAmAM aMgrejI rAjya lAne paradezI jhUMsarIpa ja lAge ane DayUka oNpha Deve!nazAyaranA zabdomAM. kAI paNa rIte 'gerA rAjakartAonA hAthamAMthI chUTavAnI tamannA ja jagADe', to temAM navAI pAmavA jevuM zuM che? hakUmatanA paraMtu bIjI bAju melIsabarI kahe che te pramANa sArA. rAjavahIvaTavALAM dezI rAjyeA briTiza kAyamIpaNAnI dRSTie lAbhadAyaka che. eTaluM ja nahi, paN te hiMdIenAM svamAna ane gauravanI bhAvanA vadhAravAmAM madadagAra nIvaDe che, arthAt sArI rAjavyavasthAvALAM saMkhyAbaMdha dezI rAjyeA hovAM e hiMdustAnanA lekAnI rAjakIya, naitika ane ( huM umeruM te! bhautika) unnati mATe ghaNAM Avazyaka che. lorDa inphlee e ja zabdomAM jaNAvyuM che ke, "ApaNuM dhyeya. te| hiMdustAnamAM dezI rAjyeAnI para'parA sthApita karavAnuM hAvuM joI e." ane vadhAre agatyanuM te e che ke, temaNe tA te hiMdustAnanI phrUTa samasyAnA ukela karavA mATe eka mahAna akhatarA zarU paNa karyAM, ke - jethI eka bAju lokAne sArI rAjavyavasthAnA lAbha paNa maLe, tema ja bIjI AjI briTiza hukA ane lAbA paNa kAyama rahe.' I. ma 1867nA eprilanI 16mI tArIkhe lorDa iznee maisurane "

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upAya ' 17 dezI rAjAne soMpI devAno kharIte - ke jene AbhAranI lAgaNI sAthe hiMdustAna haMmezAM yAda karaze, te mokalyo. eTaluM yAda rAkhavAnuM che ke hiMdI sattAvALAo to A bAbatane virodha 36 varSathI daDhatApUrvaka karatA AvyA hatA. pariNAme, thaDA vakhata bAda te rAjyanI nokarIomAMthI badhA gerAone kheMcI levAmAM AvyA, ane mahArAjAnuM kharuM rAjya I. sa. 1881 thI zarU thayuM. maisuranA dIvAne dhArAsabhA AgaLa I. sa. 1895nI pahelI okTobare je bhASaNa ApyuM, temAM mahArAjAnA amalanAM 14 varSane je ahevAla ApyuM che, te eTale bedhaka che, ke temAM mArI kAMI TIkA umeryA vinA huM tene cheDo bhAga nIce TAMkuM chuM. mahArAjAne ripamI mArca 1881ne divase rAjagAdI maLI. enI tarata ja pahelAM te rAjyamAM eka bhayaMkara dukALa paDyA hatA, jene pariNAme kula vastIno pAMcame bhAga nAza pAmyo hato, ane rAjyane briTiza sarakAranuM 87 lAkha rUpiyA devuM karavuM paDayuM hatuM. rAjyanuM jamApAsuM rAjakArabhAranA sAmAnya kharca mATe paNa pUratuM nahotuM. mahesUlanI dareka Avaka eka ja ochI thaI gaI hatI; ane pariNAme rAjataMtramAM je sakhata kApakUpa karavI paDI hatI, tethI AkhuM taMtra zithila thaI gayuM hatuM. AvI vikaTa sthitimAM dezI rAjAne amala zarU thaye. rAjyane 30 lAkha rUpiyAnuM rokhuM devuM hatuM ane dara varSe jamA ane udhAra pAsAMmAM 1 lAkha rUpiyAno toTo Avato hato. paraMtu I. sa. 1880-1 nI sAlane 1894-panI sAla sAthe sarakhAvIe chIe to mAlUma paDe che ke, rAjayanI

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108 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI vArSika mahesUla 103 lAkhathI vadhIne have 18 lAkhanI thaI hatI -eTale ke temAM 75.24 TakAno vadhAro thayo hato; ane lokopayogI badhAM khAtAMmAM bahALe hAthe kharca karavAmAM AvatuM hovA chatAM 30S lAkha rUpiyAnA devAne badale rAjya pAse 176 lAkhanI asakyAmata hatI. ramAna la ne cA mArga para kAramAM Avela rAjyanI mahesUlamAMthI uparanA cAlu kharca uparAMta briTiza sarakArane dara varSe 2,500,000 rUpiyA bharaNuM bharavuM paDyuM hatuM; jenI kula rakama mahArAjAnA amalamAM 15 varSa daramyAna kula 37,000,000 rUpiyA thaI hatI. te uparAMta te varSo daramyAna cAlu mahesUlamAMthI ja 18,000,000 rUpiyA mahArAjAnA aMgata kharca peTe levAmAM AvyA hatA. ane A badhuM to dareka khAtAmAM vadhAravAmAM AvelA kharca uparAMta hatuM. mahArAjAnA rAjyArohaNa vakhate AkhuM taMtra cheka ja kendrita hatuM. dIvAna ja badhAM khAtAne sIdho javAbadAra hato. paraMtu jema jema Avaka vadhatI gaI, tema tema judAM judAM khAtAM alaga pADavAmAM AvyAM, ane te darekano judo pradhAna nImavAmAM Avyo. jaMgala ane polIsakhAtAnA pradhAno I. sa. 188pamAM niyukta karavAmAM AvyA, AbakArI mATe I. sa. 1889mAM, mujaI mATe I. sa. 1891mAM ane khANe mATe I. sa. 1894mAM. lokala tema ja myunisipala phaMDamAM, dhArAkhAtAmAM, keLavaNIkhAtAmAM ema badhAM khAtAMmAM sudhArA karavAmAM AvyA. ane briTiza hiMdustAnanA nANAMpradhAnane dara varSe dUDiyAmaNanA daranI vadhaghaTa, 'kacarI nAkhato karavere vagere viSe je rodaNuM karavAM paDe che,

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- upAya te maisura rAjyamAMthI haMmezane mATe dUra thayAM. ane A badhAM sArAM pariNAme, te varSa daramyAna vastImAM 18.34 TakA vadhAre thavA chatAM thayAM hatAM ane te 14 varSo daramyAna maraNapramANa hajAre 6.7 jeTaluM ghaTI gayuM hatuM. paraMtu A badhAmAM khAsa agatyanI vAta to haju have Ave che ane te e ke, A badhI nANAMkIya samRddhi kAI paNa rUpamAM navA karaverA nAkhyA vinA ja sAdhavAmAM AvI hatI. paraMtu briTiza hiMdustAnamAM to atyAranI vyavasthA heThaLa glaeNDasTana pote AvIne vahIvaTa hAthamAM le, to paNa AvAM pariNAme to mAthuM phoDatAMya na ja lAvI zake. uparAMta maisuramAM to dezI vahIvaTanI haju zarUAta ja che ema kahI zakAya. bhaviSyamAM dezI amaladAre heThaLa tane vikasavAnI atyAra jevI chUTa kAyama rAkhavAmAM Ave, to pragati mATe tenuM bhAvi keTaluM vizALa che. e kalpanAmAM lAvatAM diMga thaI javAya che. - lorDa Isle to have A duniyAmAM nathI. paraMtu temanuM nAma hiMdustAnamAM kadI nahIM bhulAya. te jIvatA hota, te temaNe hiMmatabhera lIdhelA pagalAnAM A supariNAme joI ne te keTalA rAjI thayA heta ! Ama, lerDa elIsabarIe ane Islee hiMdustAnamAM briTiza hakUmatanI daDhatAne ane hiMdustAnanI AbAdInA kUTa praznane A pramANe saphaLatApUrvaka ukela karI batAvyo che. "sArI rAjavyavasthAvALAM saMkhyAbaMdha dezI rAjyo" briTana tema ja hiMdustAna baMnene mATe AzIrvAdarUpa nIvaDe

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI tema che; evI loDa elIsabarI ane lorDa iTsanI bhaviSyavANI akSaraza: sAcI paDI che. eTale hiMdustAnanA kuTa praznano ukela sAcesAca ja ANavo hoya, to tene mATe have aMdhArAmAM valakhAM mAravAM paDe tema nathI; ke adhruvanI AzAe dhruvane jokhamamAM nAkhavA javuM paDe tema nathI. lorDa selIbarI ane lairDa isTee karI batAvelA prayogathI puravAra thaI cUkyuM che ke, temanA kahyA pramANe dezI rAjavahIvaTavALAM aneka rAje hiMdustAnamAM sArvatrika karavAmAM Ave, : 1. briTiza hakUmata jarA paNa jokhamAyAne badale vadhu. daDha bane che; kAraNake te have konI AbhAra ane vaphAdArInI lAgaNIo upara sthita thAya che. lokone paNa pitAnuM rAjya cAlatuM hoya tema lAge che ane te uparAMta jagatanI eka mahAna sattAnI doravaNI ane rakSaNa temane maLe che. 2. A rIte UbhuM kareluM dareka dezI rAjya. tevA bIjA rAjyanI DakhalagIrI ke AkramaNamAMthI bacavA mATe svAbhAvika rIte ja vaDI sattAne vaLageluM rahevA Icche che. . AvAM judAM judAM aneka rAjyo thaI javAthI briTiza rAjyanI hakumata ApoApa daDha bane che; kAraNa ke temAMnA koI paNa eka nAnA rAjyane briTiza hakUmatamAMthI nIkaLI javAne prayatna karavAnuM pralobhana ja rahetuM nathI. uparAMta. vaDI sarakArano te badhAM rAjyanA vahIvaTa upara sIdho kAbU hoya che, eTale ema banavAnI saMbhavitatA, paNa rahetI nathI.

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upaca uparAMta, svAbhAvika rIte ja te rAjyanI AtmasaMrakSaNa, svArtha, vaphAdArI, AbhAra ane evI evI manuSyasvabhAvamAM rahelI badhI lAgaNIo potAne janma ApanAra vaDI sattAnA pakSamAM ja rahe che. te badhAM rAjyamAM sArAM pariNAma lAvavAnI bAbatamAM sarasAI cAle che; ane vaDI sattAnI najara heThaLa ja badhA prayoge thatA hoya eTale geravyavasthA thavAne paNa saMbhava raheto nathI. mArA kahevAne be artha na thAo. huM dezI rAjyo zabda vAparuM chuM tethI karIne eka kSaNa paNa ema kahevA nathI mAgato ke, huM jUnI vaMzaparaMparAvALI rAjAonI sattA pAchI lAvavA mAguM chuM. atyAre iMglaMDamAM je rIte rAjataMtra cAle che, te rIte ja badhAM rAjyomAM taMtra ane vahIvaTanI punarghaTanA thavI joIe. phera mAtra eTale ja ke, e badhuM dezI lokone hAthe. dezanI jarUriyAtane anusarIne thavuM joIe. A badhAM rAjyamAM, vaDI sarakAra yogya lAge te rIte eka sArAmAM sAre mANasa pasaMda karIne AkhA taMtrane mAthe mUke; ane te mANasa ke vaDe cUMTAyelI sabhAnI madadathI AkhuM taMtra saMbhALe. uparAMta atyAre dezI rAjyomAM jema aMgreja resIDaMTa rahe che, tema sarakAra pitAno eka resIDaMTa paNa rAkhe; tathA zarUAtamAM jarA paNa jokhamane -saMbhava na rahe te mATe resIDeTane badale vaDA pradhAnanI atyAranA pracalita "prAMtika svarAjya' zabda mATe ja lekhaka "dezI rAjya' zabda vAparatA lAge che.-saMpA

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182 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI sAthe maLIne kAma karanAra eka aMgreja eDaminisTreTara ja rAkhavAmAM Ave. - sara cArlsa DAIke pitAnA eka patramAM mane jaNAvyuM che ke, "huM pote (binalazkarI evA) tamAma yuropiyana ghaTADI nAkhavAnI bAbatamAM ekamata chuM; e bAbatamAM to huM jarA paNa maryAdA rAkhavA mAgato nathI. meM vAraMvAra jaNAvyuM che ke, atyAranA amArI sIdhI hakumatavALA taMtra karatAM amArA lazkarI rakSaNavALAM dezI rAjyonuM taMtra sthApavAmAM Ave to sAruM." tyAra bAda temaNe pharI lakhelA patramAM to te muddAne temaNe jarA vigatathI carco che ane jaNAvyuM che ke, maisuranI peThe ja AkhA briTiza hiMdustAnamAM saMkhyAbaMdha dezI rAjya UbhAM karavAM joIe. te patra I. sa. 1893nA "IDiyA'nA sapTembara mAsanA. aMkamAM chapAye che. hiMdustAna upara je nyAyI rIte rAjya calAvavuM hoya, hiMdustAnamAM briTiza hakUmatane niHsaMdeha rIte daDha karavI hoya. tathA 30 karoDa sudharelA ane AbAda lokAnI sAthenA vipArathI baMne dezane samRddha thavuM hoya, to atyAranA rAjataMtrathI, nANAMkIya vahIvaTathI, ane baMne dezo vaccenA akudaratI Arthika saMbaMdhothI nIpajatuM hiMdustAnanuM Arthika ane naitika zeSaNa aTakAvavuM ja joIe. ane iMglaMDe paNa pote ApelAM gaMbhIra vacananA bhaMganI badanAmImAMthI nIkaLI javuM joIe.. lorDa Dulee nakakI karelA dvimukhI dhyeyane siddha karavA mATe temaNe pite vicArI kADhelI ane amalamAM mUkelI yojanA

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upAya 193 karatAM bIjI kAI sArI yeAjanA huM ahIM rajU karatA nathI. kAraNa ke te cejanA 4 sauthI vadhu svAbhAvika ane uttama che, tathA briTiza hukRmata cAlu rahe te mATe sauthI vadhu salAmatI bharelI che. huM te yAjanAnI vigatAmAM paNa ahIM UtaravA mAMgatA nathI; kAraNa ke vigateAnI zakaya teTalI badhI muzkelIe ane temanuM nivAraNa karavA lIdhelA badhA upAyA maisurarAjyanAM daphatarAmAM nAMdhAyelAM paDAM ja che. . huM ate eTaluM ja kahevA mAguM chuM ke, hiMdustAnanA DhAkAnuM svadezAbhimAna ane AbAdIne briTiza hukUmatanI tarapheNamAM vALavAmAM nahIM Ave, tyAM sudhI rAjataMtranI kAI paNa yeAjanA ke rIta atyAranA nANAMkIya vahIvaTanA maMtra heThaLa briTana ke hiMdustAnanA kAne madadagAra nIvaDavAnI nathI. te taMtra kAyama rahyuM, te ane deza! mATe aniSTa ane jokhamela dAruNa bhAvI ja mane dekhAya che. bIjI bAju lADa selIsabarI ane laoNrDa inphlenA udAra vicAra| ane temanA saphaLatAbharyA amala mujaba hiMdustAnamAM saMkhyAbaMdha dezI rAjyeA sthApavAmAM Avaze, to te briTanane peAtAne ja lAbhadAyaka ane kIrtikara nIvaDaze tenA peAtAnA vepAranI amaryAda vRddhi thaze eTaluM ja nahi paNa te mAnavatinA karADA jeTalI saMkhyAnA hiMdIone samRddhi ApanAra tema ja temane sneha saMpAdana karanAra eka vAra briTana pratye kRtajJatAnI lAgaNIthI hiMdIonI AbAdI ane snehu briTane karyAM, eTale mane khAtarI che ke, pachI nIvaDaze. prerAyelA saMpAdana ruziyA

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hiMdustAnanI garIbAI hiMdustAna upara caDAI karavAnuM svapna paNa vicAra nahi kare; eTaluM ja nahi paNa hiMdustAna pote ja, IMglaMDanI lazkarI madada vinA ke moTA gerA lazkara vinA ja, koI paNa humalAkhorane hAMkI kADhI, potAne tema ja briTanane mATe hiMdamAM briTiza hakUmatane kAyama rAkhaze.

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sva. dAdAbhAInuM jIvanacaritra

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svara dAdAbhAInuM jIvanacaritra zivAI sattAne aMta Avyo hato. kaMpanInI sattA jAmI hatI ane mahemAhe laDanArA marAThAone badale sAta samudra pAranA nyAyaniSTa gorAonA rAjya pratye lokamata anukULa banato jato hato. e arasAmAM eka pArasI kuTuMba navasArIthI muMbaI AvyuM. te kuTuMbamAM mAtra pati patnI be ja jaNa hatAM. pati navarojI doraDI cha saikAthI. pitAnA kuTuMbamAM cAlato Avele adhyArUne vyavasAya karI saMsAra calAvatA hatA ane patnI mANekabAI pitAnI karakasara ane ghararakhupaNAthI e garIba saMsAramAM sukha ane zAMti sIMcatAM hatAM. A garIba paNa saMtithI ane sukhI kuTuMbamAM sane 1825 sapTembaranI 4 thI tArIkhe eka putrane janma thayo ane tenAM mAtApitAe apUva AnaMda anubhavyo. bALakanuM nAma dAdAbhAI pADavAmAM AvyuM. nAne "dAdI' cAra varasano thayo na thayo tyAM te navarejInuM avasAna thayuM ane ene ucheravAne badhe bhAra,

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"188 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI mANekabAI upara AvI paDyo. mANekabAIe potAnA bhAInI madadathI bhAre vairya ane khaMtapUrvaka bALakane ucheravA mAMDyo. putraghelI mAtAe pAMcame varase to putrane mATe gulabAI nAmanI eka sArI kanyA paNa zodhI kADhI ane lagna paNa patAvI nAkhyAM ! "soTI vAge camacama, vidyA Ave ghamaghama'nA siddhAMta upara cAlatI dhUDI nizALamAM dAdInuM zikSaNa zarU cayuM. dAdIe mahetAjInI prIti saMpAdana karI hatI eTale jyAre prAthamika zikSaNa pUruM thayuM tyAre e mahetAjIe ja dAdInI mAne samajAvyAM ane ene aMgrejI nizALe besADyo. te vakhate aMgrejI zALAmAM kaMI che levAmAM AvatI nahotI ane A maphata zikSaNanI sagavaDane lIdhe ja pote abhyAsa karavA pAmyA e vastunI dAdAbhAInA mana upara khUba asara thaI hatI ane tene pariNAme moTapaNe emaNe haMmezAM maphata zikSaNanI himAyata karI hatI. zALAno abhyAsa pUro thatAM ja emaNe elphinsTana InsTiTayuTamAM praveza karyo ane pitAnI buddhimattA ane khaMtathI aneka inAmo jItI adhyApakonI prazaMsA ane prIti prApta karyA. I. sa. 1845mAM emane abhyAsa pUro thayo. e vakhatanA muMbaInA vaDA nyAyAdhIza sara askana perI borDa opha ejyukezananA pramukha hatA. temaNe dAdAbhAInI buddhizakti joIne kahyuM ke je enI kAmanA gRhastho aradho kharca ApatA hoya to bAkIno -aradho kharca ApIne huM dAdAbhAIne vilAyata berisTara thavA mekalavA taiyAra chuM. paNa A ja arasAmAM be traNa

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svadAdAbhAInuM jIvanacaritra 19 pArasIo vilAyatamAM khristI thaI gayA hatA eTale pArasIo paisA ApavA taiyAra thayA nahi ane emanuM vilAyata javAnuM banyuM nahi. AthI dAdAbhAIe nokarInI zodha karavA mAMDI. sekreTeriyeTamAM mahine 140 rUpiyAnI kArakunanI jagyA emane maLe ema hatI. paNa te jagyA, svIkAravA pahelAM eo potAnA prinsipAla paeNjeTa sAhebanI salAha levA gayA. temaNe sarakArI nokarI svIkAravAnI salAha na ApI. eTale dAdAbhAI muMjhavaNamAM paDavyA. paNa e ja vakhate emane eliphansTana InsTiTayuTamAM neTIva heDa eNsisTaMTa tarIke nImavAmAM AvyA ane emanI mUMjhavaNuno aMta Avyo. I. sa. 1850mAM e ja saMsthAmAM gaNita ane bhautikazAstranA madadanIza adhyApaka tarIke emanI nimaNUka thaI, ane pAchaLathI 1854mAM e ja viSayanA mukhya adhyApakanI jagyAe eo kAyama thayA. AkhA dezamAM Ama adhyApakapade nimAnAra eo. pahelA ja hatA, ane e mAnabharyo pade emaNe bhAre kAbeliyatathI kAma karyuM. tyAM e lAMbo vakhata TakyA nahi. I. sa. 1856mAM kAmA enDa kaMpanI nAmanI pArasI vepArI peDhInA vyavasthApaka tarIke eo laMDana UpaDI gayA. - I. sa. 1845mAM emane abhyAsa pUro thayo, ane 1856mAM eo vilAyata javA UpaDavyA. A agiyAra varasanA gALAmAM emaNe je anekavidha pravRttio karI hatI teno ullekha ahIM karavo joIe. prinsipAla paTananI madadathI emaNe "dha TuDasa liTararI 'enDa sAyanTiphika esAyaTI' nAmanA maMDaLanI sthApanA karI

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190 , hiMdustAnanI garIbAI ... ane tenA taraphathI "dha TuDanTsa liTaraTI milenI" nAmanuM sAmayika paNa zarU karyuM. gujarAtImAM ane marAThImAM carcA calAvavA mATe A ja maMDaLanI gujarAtI ane marAThI zAkhAo paNa "jJAna prasAraka maMDaLI'ne nAme zarU karavAmAM AvI, ane gujarAtI zAkhAmAM emaNe pUrA utsAhathI carcAmAM bhAga levA mAMDayo. A carcAmaMDaLa carcAmAM ja na purAI rahyuM. enA eka sabhya zrI. baherAmajI gAMdhIe eka sabhAmAM strIkeLavaNI upara khUba joradAra nibaMdha vAMcyo. prinsipAla piTane paNa emanA utsAhane vadhAvI lIdhe ane sahu sabhyane e bAbatamAM kaMIka amalI pagalAM levA Agraha karyo. pariNAme dAdAbhAI ane bIjA be cAra mitrAe nokarImAMthI bacato vakhata e kAmamAM kharcavAne TharAva karyo ane mahAle mahAle pharI chokarIonAM mAbApane samajAvI kanyAvargonI zarUAta karI. Ama zarUAtamAM kAIne eTale besatA kanyAvargo e ja pAchaLathI A maMDaLanA hAtha nIce cAlatI gujarAtI ane marAThI kanyAzALAo thaI paDI ane Ama dAdAbhAI muMbaImAM kanyAkeLavaNInA pitA kahevAyA. Aje paNa e maMDaLa pitAnI marAThI zALAo calAvye jAya che, paNa pArasI kanyAzALAe ti jharastI garlasa skUla esosiyezane pitAnA vahIvaTamAM laI lIdhI che, ane sva. zrI baMgAlInI udAra sakhAvate tene samRddha paNa banAvI che. - I. sa. 1851mAM emaNe "rAsta gophatAra' nAme gujarAtI aThavADika chApuM zarU karyuM, ane te dvArA navA vicAre ane Adarzone pracAra karavA mAMDyo. bALalagna

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sva. dAdAbhAInuM jIvanacaritra 191 ane bIjI hAnikAraka sAmAjika rUDhio tathA vaheme sAme paNa emaNe pracAra karavA mAMDaco ane e rIte samAjasudhArAnI pahela karI. Ama emanI juvAnIne prAraMbhakALa samAjopayegI pravRttimAM gayA hatA ane e divase bhAre AnaMda, gaurava ane dharma sAthe saMbhAratA. mATe vilAyatanI bhUmi upara paga mUkatAM veMta ja emaNe rAjakIya pravRttinI paNa zarUAta karI dIdhI ane te Akhara sudhI cAlu rahI. pahelI ja vAta emaNe sivila sarvisanI hAtha dharI. I. sa. 1855 sudhI te sivila sarvisa mANasA nImavAmAM ja AvatA hatA paNa pahelavahelI e varase umedavArenI parIkSA laIne pasaMdagI karavAmAM AvI. emAM vADiyA nAmanA eka umedavArane navA karavAmAM Avye eTale dAdAbhAI e e vAta ane haeNna zrAI Te paNa enuM samana karyuM. e vakhate te emane saphaLatA maLI nahi, paNa emAMthI eka navI vastune uddbhava thaye! ke A parIkSA hiMdamAM ane vilAyatamAM bane ThekANe levI joI e. A vastune dAdAbhAI khUba cIvaTathI vaLagI rahyA ane chevaTe 1893mAM AmanI sabhAe ane dezamAM parIkSA levAnI taraphe karI. kAraNasara rada upADI lIdhI Ama chatAM vilAyata pahoMcyA pachI thADA ja samayamAM emane khabara paDI gaI ke tyAMnA leAkA hiMdu ane tyAMnA rAjakAja viSe bilakula ajJAna che, ane temane thayuM ke jo aMgreja leAkAne hiMdu viSe sAcI mAhitI ApavAmAM Ave ane aneka uttara yamAM e ajAvyAnA saMteSa

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192 hiMdustAnanI garIAI temanI pUrI javAbadArInuM bhAna karAvavAmAM Ave to hiMdane lAbha thAya. AthI emaNe zrI. vyAmezacaMdra menarajInI sAthe maLIne laMDana inDiyana seAsAyaTInI sthApanA karI. ane tyAra pachI aMgrejo paNa bhAga laI zake eTalA mATe emaNe isTa iMDiyA eNsesiyezana nAmanI vizALa saMsthA sthApI ane hiMdI rAjAmahArAjAe pAsethI nANAM meLavI tene sadhdhara banAvI. A saMsthAe te jamAnAmAM hiMdanI rAjakIya ane Arthika paristhiti viSe sArI mAhitI phelAvavAnuM kAma sArI rIte ajAvyuM hatuM. keTalAka vAnaprastha gava| ane hiMda pratye sahAnubhUti dharAvanAra amaladAre e maMDaLa AgaLa judA judA viSayeA upara nibadhA ane vyAkhyAtA vAMcatA hatA. A uparAMta, dAdAbhAI iMgleMDanAM judAM judAM zaherAmAM jaIne vyAkhyAnA ApatA, aneka chApAMomAM lekhe lakhatA ane hiMdu viSe sAcI mAhitI phelAvI aMgreja prajAnI sahAnubhUti meLavatA. je peDhInA bhAgIdAra tarIke ee vilAyata gayA hatA, te kAmAnI peDhImAMthI pAte 1862mAM chUTA thayA hatA, ane svataMtra dhaMdhA karavA lAgyA hatA. I. sa. 1866mAM eka pArasI vepArIne madada karavA jatAM ee bhAre Arthika AphatamAM AvI paDyA. paNa emanI pramANikatAe emanA leNadArA dhIraja khamI gayA ane bhInna mitrAe nANAM dhIyAM. eTale theDA vakhatamAM emanI muzkelI TaLI gaI ane I. sa. 1869mAM teo pAchA muMbaI AvyA. vilAyatamAM emaNe hiMdanI je kAmatI sevA bajAvI hatI, te viSe AbhAranI lAgaNI darzAvavA muMbaImAM dareka

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sva. dAdAbhAInuM jIvanacaritra varganA pratinidhionI eka jaMgI sabhA maLI hatI; ane temAM dAdAbhAIne mAnapatra ane rUA. 30,000 nI thelI arpaNa karavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. A nANune emaNe jAhera kAryamAM upayoga karyo. emanuM citra khulluM mUkavA mATe je phALa bheguM karavAmAM Avyo hato, temAMthI taiyAra karAveluM citra cheka I. sa. 1900 mAM nyAyamUrti rAnaDene hAthe khulluM mukAyuM hatuM dAdAbhAI hiMdustAnamAM rahyA te daramiyAna temaNe ahIMnI prajAne pitAne haMkAnuM bhAna thAya ane te baMdhAraNa pura:sara laData calAve e mATe temaNe dezamAM TheraThera pharIne vyAkhyAnanI jhaDI varasAvI ane AvI kajAgRti kAyama rahe mATe ekAda rAjakIya saMsthA hoya to sAruM ema mAnI I. sa. 1869mAM emaNe muMbaImAM IsTa InDiyA esosiyezananI zAkhA sthApI, ane pharI vilAyatano mArga lIdho. I. sa. 1873mAM pArlameMTe hiMdanA jamA-kharcanI sthitinI tapAsa karavA eka samiti nImI hatI. tenA pramukha mi. kaeNseTa hatA. eTale e samiti pheseTa kamiTIne nAme prasiddha thaI. e samiti AgaLa jubAnI ApatAM dAdAbhAIe hiMdanI pArAvAra garIbAIno sAce khyAla Apyo ane jaNAvyuM ke briTiza hiMdamAM mAthAdITha vArSika Avaka phakta rUpiyA vIsanI ja che, ane chatAM tyAM mAthAdITha vArSika kara rUpiyA traNa bharavAno hoya che. A vastu rajU thatAMnI sAthe ja eMglo inDiyana chApAMo ane sarakArI amaladAro tUTI paDyA ane ene kheATI rAvavA jIvatoDa prayatna karavA lAgyA. dAdAbhAIe e badhAne DhagalAbaMdha

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194 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI AMkaDAo ApI ApIne javAba vALyA ane Akhare I. sa. 188rama hiMdI sarakAre e vastu svIkArI paNa kharI. te vakhatanA nANAmaMtrI sara evelIna beTiMge (pAchaLathI lorDa komare) sarakArI tapAsane aMte jAhera karyuM hatuM ke briTiza hiMdanI mAthAdITha vArSika Avaka rUpiyo 27 ja che. A uparAMta dAdAbhAI e amaladAranA moTA pagAre, hiMdamAMthI dara varase vilAyata ghasaDAI jatI jaMgI rakama ane dezIone rAjyamAM UMcA darajajAnI jagyAe apAtI nathI e bAbato tarapha e samitinuM dhyAna kheMcyuM hatuM. I. sa. 1874mAM eo vaDedarAne dIvAna nimAIne hiMdustAna pAchA AvyA ane pravartatI aMdhAdhuMdhImAM vyavasthA ANavAne temaNe bhagIratha prayatna karyo. paNa te vakhatanA resiDanTanI pratikULatA ane rAjyanA kuTila kAvAdAvAne lIdhe e pitAnA kalpelA badhA sudhArA pAra na utArI zakyA ane dIvAnapadanuM rAjInAmuM ApI I. sa. 1875mAM pAchI muMbaI AvI rahyA ane tyAMnI myunisipAliTInA sabhya banI be varSa zaheranI sevA karI. . paNa tyAra pachI laoNrDa lITanane julamI amala zarU thayo ane ethI dAdAbhAInuM mana khUba khinna thaI gayuM. eTale eo jAhera jIvanamAMthI khasI gayA, ane jyAre leDa rIpana vAIsaraoNya thaIne AvyA tyAre I. sa. 1881mAM emaNe pharI muMbaI korporezanamAM praveza karyo. ane I. sa. 1885 sudhI zaheranI kImatI sevA bajAvI. e ja varSamAM muMbaInA gavarnara lorDa ree emane muMbaInI dhArAsabhAmAM sabhya nImyA. paNa I. sa. 1886mAM e

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svara dAdAbhAInuM jIvanacaritra -ilaMDa javA UpaDI gayA e dhArAsabhAmAM te lAMbe vakhata rahI zakyA nahi. I. sa. 1885mAM muMbaI khAte maLelI ApaNuM pahelI rASTrIya mahAsabhAnA kAmakAjamAM emaNe utsAhabhera bhAga lIdho hato. - dAdAbhAI jyAre iMglaDa pahoMcyA tyAre tyAM pArlameMTanI cUMTaNInI dhamAla cAlu hatI ane tyAMnA libarala pakSe emane paNa potAnA eka umedavAra tarIke svIkAryA hatA. paNa te vakhate AyarlenDane homarUla ApavAnA prazna upara ja cUMTaNIno jaMga khelAyo hato ane lokamata libaralenI viruddha hato eTale libarale phAvyA nahi ane dAdAbhAI paNa cUMTAvA pAmyA nAha. Ama chatAM emane 1950 jeTalA mata maLyA e vAta paNa saunuM khUba dhyAna kheMcyuM. kalakattA khAte maLanAra bIjI rASTrIya mahAsabhAnA pramukha tarIke dAdAbhAInI pasaMdagI thaI. eTale 1886nA aMtamAM eo hidustAna AvyA. mahAsabhAnuM kAma patAvyA pachI emaNe pablika sarvisa kamizana AgaLa jubAnI ApI ane tyAra pachI pharI vAra pArlameMTamAM cUMTAvAnA prayatna karavA eo iMglaMDa UpaDI gayA. pAMca pAMca varasanA cAlu parizramane pariNAme I. sa. 1892mAM eo senTrala phinsabarInA pratinidhi tarIke pArlameMTamAM cUMTAyA. emanA A vijayanA samAcArathI AkhA dezamAM bhAre AnaMda ane utsAhanuM mojuM pharI vaLyuM. I. sa. 189ranA ogasTanI 9mI tArIkhe emaNe pArlameMTamAM pitAnuM pahelavaheluM bhASaNa karyuM ane tenI AkhI sabhA upara sArI asara paDI. tyArathI emaNe hiMdanA hitamAM

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196 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI athAka prayatna karavA mAMDyA. emaNe pArlameMTanA sabhyane hiMdanI bAbatamAM rasa letA karyA ane sara viliyama Darabana ane mi. keInanI sahAyathI emaNe iDiyana pArlameMTarI kamiTInI sthApanA karI. e kamiTIe ghaNuM varaso sudhI hiMdanI kImatI sevA bajAvI hatI. eo cUMTAyA tene bIje ja varase emaNe mi. harbarTa pola mAraphate sivila sarvisanI parIkSAo hiMdamAM ane IMglaMDamAM ekI. sAthe thavI joIe evo TharAva rajU karAvyo. jo ke sarakAre to eno virodha karyo hato, paNa AmanI sabhAe vadhumate e TharAvane pasAra karyo hato. lAhoramAM maLanAra 9mI mahAsabhAnA pramukha tarIke emanI cUMTaNI thaI hatI eTale Isa. 1893 nI AkharamAM eo pAchA hiMdustAna AvyA. pArlameMTanA sabhya thayA pachI pahelI ja vAra eo hiMda AvatA hatA eTale muMbaIthI lAhera sudhIne emanA pravAsa daramiyAna sTezane sTezane emane bAdazAhI svAgata maLyuM ane AkhA dezanI janatAe emane premathI navaDAvyA. lAhoramAM te lekAe emanI gADInA ghaDA choDI nAkhyA ane jAte gADI kheMcI. pArlameMTanA sabhya tarIke emaNe karelAM kAmamAM sauthI mahattvanuM kArya to hiMdanA kharcanI tapAsa karavA mATe zAhI kamizana nibhAvavAnuM kArya hatuM. I. sa. 1896mAM A kamizana. nimAyuM ane khuda dAdAbha I paNa enA sabhya hatA. e kamizananA pramukha uparathI enuM nAma bI kamizana paDayuM che. e kamizana AgaLa dAdAbhAIe pote paNa jubAnI ApI.

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sva. dAdAbhAInuM jIvanacaritra 197 hatI ane keTalAMka nivedano paNa rajU karyA hatAM. temane mukhya bhAga A pustakamAM AgaLa AvI gayuM che. - I. sa. 1895mAM libarala pakSane rAjInAmuM ApI devuM paDyuM ane pachI je cUMTaNI thaI temAM teo phAvyA nahi. eTale dAdAbhAI paNa cUMTAvA pAmyA nahi. A banAvathI hiMdustAnamAM tyAre gamagInI phelAI, paNa emano utsAha maMda paDyo nahi. I. sa. 1896mAM emaNe hiMdIone lazkaramAM ane naukAsainyamAM dAkhala karavA sAme je pratibaMdha hatA, tene virodha karyo ane e viSe vaeNra krisa ane naukA khAtA joDe patravyavahAra zarU karyo, jeno sAra A pustakamAM AgaLa ApyuM che. I. sa. 1898mAM emaNe iDiyana karansI kamiTI samakSa be nivedana rajU karyA ane temAM emaNe evuM puravAra karyuM ke sonAnuM calaNa dAkhala karavAthI ekaMdare hiMdane kazo lAbha thavAno nathI, paNa nukasAna ja thavAnuM che. tene sAra paNa A pustakamAM AgaLa AvI gayo che. - I.sa. 1901-ranA arasAmAM emaNe pitAnA nibaMdho ane nivedanamAMthI mahattvanAM lakhANe cUMTI kADhI, teno saMgraha pavaTI eMDa ana-briTiza rUla ina inDiyA' nAme prasiddha karyo. tenA uparathI ja A gujarAtI sArAnuvAda taiyAra karelo che. eka viSayane lagatA jude jude samaye lakhelA lekhono saMgraha hovAne kAraNe, mULa pustakamAM punaruktio ghaNuM Ave che, ane je emaNe graMtha taiyAra karatI vakhate te TALI hota, to graMtha vadhAre saMkSipta ane lakSyavedhI banata. paNa emanI uttara

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. hiMdustAnanI garIbAI avasthAmAM 77-78 varSanI vaye e mahenata karatAM emane thAka ane kaMTALo Avyo hoya e taddana saMbhavita che. Ama chatAM e pustaka hiMdanI Arthika sthiti saMbaMdhe mAhitIno bhAre bhaMDAra che. - I. sa. 1905mAM AmasTaraDAmamAM InTaranezanala koMgresa opha soziyala DimekreTsanuM adhivezana bharAyuM hatuM. temAM. hiMdanA pratinidhi tarIke dAdAbhAI e hAjarI ApI hatI ane hiMdamAM pravartatI aMgrejI rAjyanI paddhatine vADI, kADhatA TharAva upara bhAre asarakAraka bhASaNa karyuM hatuM. e ja varSe pArlameMTanI cUMTaNI vakhate emane libarala pakSe pitAnA umedavAra tarIke pasaMda karyA hatA paNa e pakSamAM ja phATaphUTa paDavAne kAraNe e vibhAgamAM bhAre rasAkasI thaI ane temAM dAdAbhAI hArI gayA. A ja arasAmAM lorDa karjhanano amala hiMdamAM, cAlato hato. baMgALanA bhAgalA thaI cUkyA hatA ane dezamAM bhAre roSanI lAgaNI phelAI hatI. mahAsabhAmAM paNa narama ane garama evA be pakSe paDI gayA hatA, ane mahAsabhAmAM bhaMgANa paDavAnI dhAstI UbhI thaI hatI. Ave vakhate dezanuM sukAna kuzaLatApUrvaka saMbhALI zake evA puruSanI zodha karavAnI hatI ane Akhare dAdAbhAI upara. A jokhamadArIbharyuM kAma AvI paDyuM. Ama trIjI vAra emane A mAna ApavAnuM AkhA deze ekamate nakkI karyuM. eo jyAre hiMda AvavA UpaDavA, tyAre vilAyatanA mitroe emane aneka sabhAomAM bhAvabharI vidAya ApI.. teo jyAre muMbaI baMdare utaryA, tyAre tyAM paNa moTI

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sva. dAdAbhAInuM jIvanacaritra 199 mAnavamedanI emana umaLakAbharyAM AvakAra ApavA bhegI maLI hatI. AkhuM muMbaI zahera zaNagAravAmAM AvyuM hatuM ane je je raste thaIne emanI meTara gaI, te te raste emanAM darzana karavA mAnavasAgara UlaTo hatA. kalakattAmAM tA leAkAe emanA upara prema varasAvavAmAM hada ja karI, ane darabhaMgAnA mahArAjAnA mukAme emane utArA apAyA. e vakhatanuM emanuM pramukha tarIkenuM bhASaNa emanA jiMdagIbharanA anubhavanA arka samAna hatuM. emaNe peAtAnA dezaba ene badhA bhedabhAvA bhUlI jaI ekatA sAdhI dezakA mAM marI paDavAnI hAkala karI. hiMdu musalamAna tA hiMdu mAtAnI me AMkhA che, emaNe tA sadA salAhasa`pathI ja rahevuM joi e, evA khAdha ApyuM; ane hiMdanI laDatanuM dhyeya te 'svarAjya ' ja che evuM emaNe dRDha ane guMjI UThe evA svare jyAre uccAryuM, tyAre sAce ja kAI RSi navA maMtra uccAratA heAya evuM gAMbhIya pravartI rahyuM hatuM. Aje paNa e zabda ApaNuM aMtima dhyeya vyakta karavAne samartha rahyo che e ja vastu dAdAbhAInI AdiSTanI zAkha pUre che. emanA A aitihAsika bhASaNanA aMtamAM uccArelA khUba bhAvanAbharyA ane ubbala dezabhaktithI makatA zabdo Aje paNa preraNArUpa thaI paDe evA che: 66 'have mArA AyuSanAM je thADAM varSo bAkI rahyAM che, temAM huM kaI kaI zubha vAtA jovA pAmavAnA chuM e te huM kaI jANatA nathI. paNa mArI mAtRbhUmi ane dezama pratye sneha ane bhaktinAM me vacane huM mUkI jaI zakuM prema hAya, to huM ekatA sAdhA, maDavA rahe, ane kahuM

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200 hiMdustAnanI garIbAI svarAjya meLavo, ke jethI Aje je lAkho mANasa dAridyathI, bhUkhamarAthI ane mahAmArIthI maraNa pAme che, ane je karoDe mANase pUratA annane abhAve bhUkhamare veThe che, teo bacavA pAme, ane hiMda pharI eka vAra jagatanI sarvazreSTha saMskRta prajAomAM potAnuM purANa kALanuM gauravavaMtuM sthAna prApta kare." A mahAsabhAnA pramukha tarIkenuM kAma bajAvavAmAM pahelA ame emanA 82 varSanI vayanA zarIra upara asara karI hatI. AthI jeke eo mahAsabhA pUrI thatAM laMDana UpaDI gayA hatA chatAM tyAM tabiyata bagaDatAM DAkaTaree emane pAchA hiMda pahoMcI javAnI salAha ApI. e mujaba eo pAchA hiMda AvI rahyA ane muMbaI pAse varasevAmAM nivRtta jIvana gALavA lAgyA. A pachI teo rAjakAraNamAM sakriya bhAga letA nahotA paNa deza ane duniyAnI hilacAla upara najara rAkhI dara varase mahAsabhAne potAno saMdeza mokalyA karatA hatA. varasamAM eka vAra A deza emanI varasagAMThane divase emanA guNagAnathI ane emanA dIrdhAyuSanI prArthanAthI gAjI rahetA ane e paNa e divase potAnA dezabaMdhuone kaMIka no saMdezo ApatA. emanI 91mI varasagAMTha AkhA dezamAM bhAre samAroha pUrvaka ujavAI hatI. e pachI emaNe potAno kImatI graMthasaMgraha be presiDansI esosiyezanane bheTa ApI dIdhe. I. sa. 1916mAM muMbaI yunivarsiTIe emane DokaTara oNpha lojhanI mAnada padavInI enAyata karI.

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sva. dAdAbhAInuM jIvanacaritra 201 emanuM vaya nevuM upara thaI gayuM hatuM, zarIra nabaLuM paDatuM jatuM hatuM ane emane pitAne paNa bharaNane AvakAratAM koI jAtano asaMtoSa rahI jAya evuM rahyuM nahotuM. I. sa. 1917nA jUnanI 1lI tArIkhe emanI gaMbhIra mAMdagInA samAcAre AkhA dezamAM gamagInI phelAvI dIdhI. tarata ja emane muMbaI lAvavAmAM AvyA. tyAM uttamattama DAkaTaroe upacAra karavA mAMDayA paNa jyAM Ayu khUTayuM hoya tyAM upacAra zuM kare. Akhare 30mI jUnanI zAMta saMdhyA samaye emaNe zAMtipUrvaka deha choDyo.

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1-0-0 zrI pUjAbhAI jainagraMthamAlA 1. suttanipAta e suprasiddha bauddha graMthane gujarAtI anuvAda 2. bhagavAna buddhanA pacAsa dharmasaMvAda - "majhimanikAya'nA prathama 50 saMvAdo 3. bhagavAna mahAvIranI dharmakathAo nAyAdhammakahAsura ne gujarAtI anuvAda 4. bhagavAna mahAvIranA daza upAsake "uvAsadasAsurane gujarAtI anuvAda 5. jaina dRSTie brahmacaryavicAra 6. satiprakaraNa 1-8-0. mULa, gujarAtI anuvAda, TipaNe i. 7. jinAgamakathAsaMgraha ' prAkRta vyAkaraNa, koza, Tipaga sAthe 8. zrImanI jIvanayAtrA 9, zrI rAjacaMdranAM vicArane - 8-12-0 - temanAM lakhANomAMthI viSayavAra tAravelA utArA 10. mahAvIra svAmIne saMyamadhama "zrI sUtrakRtAMgasUtra'ne chAyAnuvAda 11. mahAvIra svAmIne acAradhama 0-1ra-0' zrI AcArAMgasUtra"no chAyAnuvAda 12. buddhacarita 1-4-0. ', mULa pAli graMthane AdhAre lakheluM prAmANika jIvanacaritra 13. mahAvIra svAmIne aMtima upadeza 1-0-0 - "zrI uttarAdhyayanasUtrane chAyAnuvAda ' 14 zrI kuMdakuMdAcAcanAM traNa ratno 0-8-0, - pravacanasAra, samayasAra ane paMcAstikAyasAra saMgraha 15. vegazAstra (zrI hemacaMdrAcArya kRta) 16. zrI bhagavatIsAra (paMcamasaMgane chAyAnuvAda) 2-0-0

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gAMdhIjInAM pustake 0 0 amathA bhA. 1-2 . dharmamaMthana 0-12-0 gyApaka dharmabhAvanA 0-14-0 kharI keLavaNI 0-12-0 keLavaNIne koyaDe 1-0--0 ahiMsA 0--8-0 varNavyavasthA 0-6-0, sevA anAsaktiyega 0-2-0 gItApadArthakoSa maMgaLaprabhAta 0-1-0 AzramavAsI pratye 0-2-0 dakSiNa AphrikAnA satyAgrahano itihAsa, bhA. 1 0-1ra-0 bhA. 2 1-0-0 yeravaDAnA anubhava 0-12-0 hada svarAja (hastAkSaramAM, khAdInuM paThuM) 1-12-0 (sAduM pUThuM). gAMdhIjInuM navajIvana (cAra bhAga) nItinAzane mAge " tyAgamUrti ane bIjA lekhe sudhArAvadhArAvALI navI AvRtti" 0-12-0 navajIvana prakAzana maMdira amadAvAda 1 -4 C * *

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A mALAnAM anya pustakA AbAda hiMdustAna ! saMpAdUka gopAladAsa paTela " DibIkRta aMgrejI graMthanA tAraNarUpa pustaka hiMdanA jaMgI Arthika strAvanA sacoTa khyAla AMkaDA ne dAkhalA dalIle sAthe Ape che. . . . - " dareka vAMcI lakhI jANatA gujarAtI A pustaka eka vAra jarUra vAMce - pAThaya pustaka tarIke vAMce. " prau. anaMtarAya ma. rAvaLa [ gujarAta sAhitya sabhAnI vArSi ka samIkSAmAMthI ]

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