Sanskrutinu Vahen

Author(s): Chandrabhai K Bhatt
Publisher: Bharti Prakashan Mandir
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/034603/1

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sulabha graMthamALA pustaka paheluM saMskR ti nAM vaheNu [Will Durant - The Story of Civilization 4:21] lekhakaH zrI. caMdrabhAI kA. bhaTa bhAratI prakAzana maMdira golavADa . . . ama dAvAda. kiMmata 18-0 pArka 5 1-ra-0

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prata 3000 *] prathamAvRtti [savata 1995 mudra--prakArAka : harilAla maganalAla bhaTTa, mudrasthAna : zrI bhAratI mudraNAlaya, khADiyA--gAlavADa, amadAvAda,

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prakAzakanuM nivedana A graMthamALAne uddeza svataMtra ke bIjI bhASAmAMthI upacogI sAhitya taiyAra karI vAcako samakSa rajU karavAnuM che. e udeza saphaLa thAya te mATe ame amArA vAcakonA sahakAranI AzA rAkhIe chIe. teo enI bhASA, zailI temaja viSaya para potAnI TIkAo vakhato vakhata mokalatA raheze te tethI amane saheje madada maLaze. A pustaka chapAIne to kayAranuM taiyAra paDayuM hatuM paNa amuka pratikuLa saMjogone lIdhe Aje ja pragaTa thaI zakayuM che. AthI emAMnuM hiMdustAna viSenuM prakaraNa kadAca koine adhUruM lAge, paNa chellA varasamAM je banAvo banyA che tenuM mUlyAMkana atyAre karavuM ghaNuM kaThaNa che ane tethI atyArane rAjakIya dhummasa jayAMsudhI vilaya na pAme tyAM sudhI e viSe itihAsanI dRSTie kaMI kahevuM e sAhasanuM kAma thai paDaze e viSe zaMkA nathI. Will Durant el 31442 Feldt? The Story of civilization nAmanA pustakane A bhAI caMdrabhAi svataMtra anuvAda che. ane vigato badhI temAMthI levA chatAM kayAMka kayAMka

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temaNe temAMthI pitAnI samAjavAdI dRSTie judA pariNAmo kADhavAnI chUTa lIdhI che. hiMdustAnanA prakaraNamAM te khAsa emaNe pitAne je kahevAnuM che te kahI nAMkhyuM che. ghaNuM emanA e badhA mantavyo sAthe saMmata nahi thAya. amane pitAne te emAMnA keTalAka pariNAmo sAcAM hevA viSe zaMkA che ja. paNa tethI pustakanI upayogitA jarAye ghaTatI navI. uTI vadhe che. e batAve che ke ItihAsa paNa manuSyanI jema dhIre dhIre ghaDAya che. tenuM mUlyAMkana judI judI dRSTie jotAM judu judu thAya che. kALanuM sarvabhakSI cakra emAMthI keTaluM rahevA deze e kahevuM kaThaNa che ane enI AsapAsa keTaluM nakAmuM khaDa paNa kALAntare ugI nIkaLaze e paNa anizcita che. e sthitimAM mANase sahiSNu banI sArAsAra grahaNa karavAnuM ja zIkhavuM joIe. ApaNe A pustakamAM ja eka utAre joIe. Aje manuSya sudha nathI, enA hathiyAra sudharyA che, Aje mAnavasamAjamAM yAMtrika saMskRti AvI che. saMskRtinI bIjI bAju [Humanstic civilization] athavA mAnava sudhAraNA che. e saMskRti athavA sudhAraNAnuM svarUpa enA manuSya manuSya sAthenA saMbaMdhe che. e saMbaMdhonI sudhAraNa para AkhI mAnava saMskRti avalaMbe che." Aje jeo pUrepanA rAjakAraNanA abhyAsI che temane te upalA vidhAnanuM rahasya samajatAM vAra nahi lAge. yuropanI yAMtrika saMskRti Aje jANe yuddhanA bhayaMkara javAlAmukhI upara beThI, pitAne nAza notarI rahI hoya evA bhaNakArA vAge che. madhyayugamAM jarA kaMIka vAMku paDatAM loke talavAra kheMcI kADhatA evI sthiti Aje vyakita para nathI rahI chatAM rASTro pUratuM te e sthitie vadhAre bhayaMkara rUpa dhAraNa karyuM che. vyaktiomAM je saMyama ane paraspara sahAnubhutinI AzA rAkhavAmAM Ave che

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tenI rASTro ane samUDI pAse ke jemAM lAkhA karADI manuSya1nA hitane saMbaMdha che kazI AzA nathI rAkhavAmAM AvatI. tyAM te| kevaLa bhayanuM kAramuM sAmrAjya ja pravarte che ane temAMthI saMskRtinAzaka ane lAkhA karADe! manuSyAne! saMhAraka kAramA agni kayAre phATI nikaLaze tenI ciMtAmAM Aje AkhI duniyA yaMtra anI gayelI che. manuSya manuSya vaccenA saMbaMdha paraspara sahAnubhUti, sayama ane sahiSNutA sivAya bIjI rIte sudhare ema nathI eTalu bhAna jo Aje manuSyeAnA agraNIone thAya ane teo temanA potAnA ke peAtAnA varganA sutra svArthIne dUra karI e dizAmAM prayatna kare teA e eka Dagalu hAla taratane mATe te| duniyAnA vikAsamAM atyaMta mahattvanuM gaNAze. A pustakamAM dRSTidezane lIdhe keTalIka bhuleA rahI gai che tene sArU vAcaka kSamA karaze evI AzA che. ASADha sudi 11, 1995.

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anukramaNikA oLakha zilAyuganI zarUAta sumerIA --Arthika jIvana IjIptanI bhaugAvika paristhiti, emIleAnIyA leDakajIvana (vahepAra udyoga, khetIvADI) esIriyA --lekajIvana [sarakAra] --khadabadatI prajAma parziyA --AAkajIvana (vahepAra udyoga) pUrva itihAsa saMskRtinAM vaheNu dUra pUrvanA dezAmAM paricaya ItihAsa pahelAMne itihAsa inDa Ayana AryonI samAjaracanA pRthvIka 1-9 10-17 1823 2327 2828 49-55 5}-}} 67-71 72-75 76-25 8-90 91 104 105-128 pRSThAMka 129131 132-124 135-140 141-150

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vedanuM sAhitya mahAvIra ane buddha mahAvIra pRSThaka 151-158 159-162 16 3-168 169-177 178-189 190-197 198-232 elekajhAnDarathI harSa sudhI IzuM pachInA aMdherayuganA maMDANa lokajIvana (utpAdana) parAdhIna hiMda 233-258 cIna pUrva itihAsa saMskRtinI zarUAta kanaphyuziasa ItihAsa rekhA lokajIvana 25-262 263-269 270-276 27-290 21-321 jApAna bauddha jApAna lazkarI saramukhatyArI lokajIvana nUtana jApAna 322-329 330-336 337-348 349-355

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j-kRvi ]]> (+1F]]) a11ae

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oLakha saMskRti zuM che ? saMskRtikALa jene ApaNe sauMskRti kahIe chIe te saMskRtine kALa itihAsanI zarUAtathI thAya che. itihAsanI zarUAta jyArathI mAnavajAtane itihAsa lakhAvA zarU thayA tyArathI nahi paNa jyArathI manuSyanuM manuSya tarIkenuM bhAna udaya pAmyuM tyArathI kahI zakAya. jene aMgrejImAM (Pre. Historic time) itihAsa pahelAne samaya kahe che, e samaya dhaNA hajAro varSo jeTale! lAMkheA che. e samamAM manuSyane kALa ajJAta kALa kahI zakAya. saMskRtinI vyAkhyA saMskRti zabdane artha karavA ena! svarUpanI spaSTatAmAM UtaravuM joIe, paNa jema dhaNAkharA nAmeA kAI eka ke bIjI vastunA nAme sUcave che tema saMskRti ke vastunuM nAma nathI. e kriyA che, eka prakriyA che, AgaLa vadhatA, vikAsa pAmatA manuSya

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tvanI e kriyAne ApaNe saMskRti kahIe chIe. taddana sarala zabdamAM kahIe to saMskRti eTale sudhAre athavA saMskRta thavuM eTale sudharavuM. saMskRtinAM pUrvalakSaNe saMskRtinAM pUrvalakSaNe athavA saMskRtinI AvazyaktAo ke jenA vinA saMskRtinI kriyA azakya bane, te manuSyamAM rahelI kAryakAraNa dRSTi che. enI e daSTi ene viveka zIkhave che. ane enA ekeeka vicArane kAryakAraNanA svarUpamAM ghaDe che. e ja rIte badhA prANIomAMthI manuSya judu paDe che. paNa manuSyanI e buddhizakti enA vicAranuM svarUpa svataMtra rIte ghaDI zakatI nathI. e svarUpa jemAM ghaDAya che te paristhiti jema jema badalAya che tema tema badalAtI jatI bahAranI paristhiti sAthe enAM vicAranAM svarUpa paNa parivartana pAmyAM kare che. ane chatAM e saumAM saLaMga rahenArI evI eka kriyA bahAranI paristhitiomAM kArya kAraNane zodhanArI enI buddhinI kriyA che. manuSya ane bahAranI vAstavikatA eka rIte kahIe te manuSyanA udaya pahelAMthI badalAtAM jatAM svarUpavALI paristhiti te paristhitimAM rahetAM prANIone * tathA e prANIonA jIvanakramone hamezAM badalyAM kare che. sRSTinI zarUAtamAM zarU thayelAM jIvananAM svarUpa eTale te samayanI prANasRSTi badalAtI jatI paristhiti sAthe badalAtI AvI che. sRSTinI zarUAtamAM jyAre ApaNe pRthvI para jIvatAM prANIo rahI zake evI zakayatA zarU thavA mAMDI tyAre paheluM jIvanaparamANuM pANInI sapATI para taratuM hatuM. e paramANuMmAMthI vikAsa pAmelA jIvane vIMchI jevA AkAra dhAraNa karI samudrane taLIe cAlavA mAMDayuM. emAMthI mAchalIne (jelly fish) AkAra ghaDAye. ane

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dhIme dhIme mAchalAM jevAM judAM judAM jaMtuthI A mahAsAgara bharAI gaye. e daramyAna pRthvI para cheDavAo UgI gayA hatA ane samudramAM UbharAI jatAM jaMtuone bahAra nIkaLI pitAnI jvavAnI jagAe zeAdhI levAnI pharaja paDatI hatI. mahAsAgaramAM nahi samAI zakavAthI samudrane taLIethI nIkaLI mahAsAgarane nAnAMmoTAM prANIoe choDavAo para, nAnA moTA cheDavAonI ghaTAmAM, parvatanI taLeTImAM ane bhinAzavALI jagAomAM samudranA kinArA pAse ja pitAnAM navAM ghara mAMDayAM ane pitAnA e navA vasavATamAM emaNe bahAranI havA jIravavI zarU karI dIdhI. e rIte jIvavAnI seMkaDe varSa sudhI tAlIma lIdhA pachI bahAra jIvavA AvelAM prANIo jeTalI sahelAIthI pANInI aMdara jIvatAM hatAM teTalI ja sahelAIthI pANInI bahAra AvavA mAMDyAM. bahAranI paristhiti badalAtI jatI hatI. jamIna para jaMgala UgatAM jatAM hatAM ane bahAra AvelAM prANIonAM jIvananI rItabhAte ajJAta rIte bahAranI paristhiti sAthe baMdhabesatI thatI hatI. e prANIomAMnAM keTalAMka peTe cAlanArAM, sApa gIleDI jevAM rAkSasI kadanA prANIo hatAM ane zAtithI jaMtuone khorAka zodhavA avAja karyA vinA peTathI ghasaDAtAM jatAM hatAM. paNa khorAka zodhavAnI eTalI jhaDapa pUratI nahotI. bahAranI paristhitine pahoMcI vaLavA e peTe cAlatAM prANune paga AvavA mAMDayA. ane bahAranI paristhitimAM jIvavA mATe keTalAMkane jhADapara caDhIne rahevAnI pharaja paDI. jhADapara caDhelAM e prANuomAMthI keTalAMkane pAMkhe paNa AvavA mAMDI. pAchAM eka navI jAtanAM prANuo badalAtI jatI paristhitine anukULa utpanna thavA lAgyAM. e prANuo "memelIyA (Mamalia)hatAM. teo potAnAM baccAMne stanathI dhavaDAvatAM hatAM. e jAtanAM prANIone vaijJAnika paribhASAmAM memalsa (mamles) kahe che. e jAtanAM navAM prANuone mAchalInA zarIra para hoya che tevI chIpa

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nahotI ke pakSIne hoya che tevI pAMkha nahatI paNa AkhA zarIre para vALa hatA. e navI jAtanAM prANuone jIvananI paristhiti bIjA prANIo karatAM anukULatAbharelI lAgI. e prANInI mAdA IMDAne pitAnA peTamAM ja rAkhavA lAgI. e rIte teNe potAnA baccAMne bahAra ThaMDI tApa athavA bIjA prANIonA bhayamAM rAkhavAne badale potAnA zarIramAM ja rAkhavA mAMDyAM. e rIte A navA prANunAM baccAMne jIvanakalahamAM jIvI javAnI vadhAre taka maLI. manuSya paNa eka memala jAtanuM prANuM che. e pitAnA AgalA pagane hAtha tarIke vAparatAM zIkhyuM che. enA paganA paMjAoe palaTAtI jatI jIvanaparisthitimAM AMgaLAnuM svarUpa dhAraNa karyuM che. lAkha varSa pahelAM e navI jAtanA prANIo pitAnA AgalA pagathI zikAra pakaDI rAkhavAnI, pAchalA pagathI cAlavAnI, ubhA rahevAnI ane doDavAnI zarUAta karI. paNa jene ApaNe manuSya kahIe chIe evuM manuSya banatAM hajAra varSa vItI gayAM. e hajAra varSane kALa itihAsakALa nahato. kAraNa ke ItihAsanA kramamAM bahAranI paristhitio sAme manuSyanI je bhAnavAna kriyA hoya che, tevI koI kriyA nahatI. e lAkha varSanuM AkhuM jIvana je rIte badalAtuM jatuM hatuM te badalAtI jatI paristhitiomAM kAma karato kudaratano ajJAta niyama hatuM. jene ApaNe bhAna athavA jAgRta dazA kahI zakIe evI koI paNa jAtanI kriyA vinA badhAM prANInA jIvanavyavahAra badalAtI jatI paristhitine anukULa ajJAta rIte badalAtA jatA hatA. eTale ke jIvanane salAmata rAkhavA ajJAta rIte bahAranI paristhiti sAthe baMdhabesatA thatA jatA hatA. e paNa eka jAtano jIvanavikAsa hato ja paNa jIvananAM e uttarottara caDhiyAtAM thatAM jatAM svarUpamAM kaI bhAnavALI kriyA

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hatI nahi, paNa kudaratanI ajJAta kriyA mAtra hatI. eTale ApaNe e kAraNe ene saMskRtikALa na kahI zakIe. ApaNe AgaLa joI gayAM te pramANe bahAranI paristhitio sAthe badalAtA jatA ane e rIte uttarottara vikAsa pAmatA mAnavAna manuSyanA mAnavAna vyavahArone ja ApaNe ItihAsanI saMskRtinI kriyAmAM gaNAvI zakIe. evI saMskRtinI kriyA ekalA manuSyanA jIvanamAM ja zakya che. kAraNa ke badhI jIvanasRSTimAM manuSyanuM jIvana ja amuka aMze bhAnavAna che ane te vadhAre ne vadhAre bhAnavAna thatuM jAya che. saMskRtino itihAsa eTale manuSyanA bhAvanA vikAsane itihAsa che. manuSyanI bhAnavALI dazA enA jIvanavyavahAranA svarUpone badalyA kare che. manuSyajIvanamAM Ave che evAM vikAsanA parivartane bIjA prANInA jIvanamAM saMbhavI zakatAM nathI. kAraNa ke e jIvanamAM koI paNa bhAnavAnI preraka baLa nathI. kAgaDAM ke kutarAM athavA vAgha ke varUo game teTalA hajAro varSa jIve te paNa kudaratanuM koI ajJAta baLa emanA jIvanamAM palTa na ANe tyAMsudhI teo ekanI ekaja rIte jIvyAM karatAM hoya che. e prANIonA rahevAnA, haravApharavAnA ke khAvApIvAnA jIvana vyavahAro jevA hatA tevA che ane game teTalA kALamAM paNa badalAI zake tema nathI. jyAre manuSya eka bhAnavAna prANI hevAthI eNe badalAtI paristhitine anukULa rahI potAnI sudhAraNa pitAnA hAthamAM lIdhI che. ene jIvanavyavahAre jevA hajAre varSa pahelAM nahatA tevA Aje nathI. enA vyavahAranAM svarUpa uttarottara vikAsa pAmatAM jAya che, sudharatAM jAya che. e sudhAraNAne itihAsa eTale mAnavasaMskRtino itihAsa. manuSyanI sarjakatA itihAsakALa pahelAMne manuSya manuSya-pazu hato. ane bIjAM pazuonI jema bahAranI paristhitionA ajJAta baLane AdhIna

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rahI kevaLa prajotpatti karyo jato hato. paNa enA itihAsanI zarUAtathI eTale saMskRtikALanI zarUAtathI vadhAre ne vadhAre bhAnavALA banatA enA jIvanavege ene utpAdaka ke sarjaka ( Creative) banAvavA mAMDyo. prANIomAM e enI viziSTatA hatI. kaI paNa bIjuM prANuM sarjaka ke utpAdaka nathI. ekaluM manuSyaja sarjaka ke utpAdaka che. bahAranI paristhitimAM jIvavA eNe paristhitine anukULa ane baMdhabesatAM evAM utpAdano ane sarjana karavA mAMDyAM. enAM utpAdano ane sarjane sudharatAM athavA vikAsa pAmatAM gayAM e sudhAraNA athavA vikAsano kALa saMskRtikALa che. enA utpAdano ane sarjana sudharatAM gayAM tema ene vyavahAra paNa sudharatA gayA. e vadhAre sArI rIte eTale sudharelI rIte khAtAM zIkhyo. sudharelI rIte zarIra DhAMkatAM zIkhe ane sudharelI rIte haratAMpharatAM zIkhyo. enA utpAdano ane sarjana sudharatA jatAM hatAM ane sAthe sAthe enA utpAdananAM sAdhane paNa sudharatAM jatAM hatAM. jANe Aje ema lAge che ke ApaNe evI sudhAraNA ke saMskRtinI Toca para pahoMcI gayA chIe. e sudhAraNA ke saMskRtie Aja sudhI manuSyanA hathiyAre athavA sAdhanone sudhAryA che ane sudharelAM hathiyAro ke sAdhano manuSyanA jeTalA vyavahArone sudhArI zake teTalA manuSyanA vyavahAre sudharyA che. te paNa mAnavasudhAraNAnI e ekaja bAju thaI kahevAya. e sudhAraNAe manuSyane yAMtrika sudhAraNuM ( Mechanistic civilisation)nI bheTa ApI che paNa je manuSya potAnA sAdhano ke yaMtranA sudhArAthIja sudharelo thaI jato hoya to AjanI sudhAraNAsaMskRti saMpUrNa sudhAraNA kahevAya. saMskRti ane mAnavatA A paNa pAcho savAla thAya che ke mANasa sudharyo che? Aje ene javAbamAM eTaluM ja kahI zakAya tema che, ke manuSya sudhI

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nathI, enAM hathiyAra sudharyA che. Aje mAnava samAjamAM yAMtrika saMskRti AvI che. saMskRtinI bIjI bAju mAnavasaMskRti 24991 74179744! ROLL . (Humanistic Civilisation ). e saMskRti athavA sudhAraNAnuM svarUpa enA manuSya manuSya sAthenA saMbaMdha che. e saMbaMdhanI sudhAraNA para AkhI mAnavasaMskRti avalaMbe che. samAja ane saMskRti pahelAMnA manuSyane jaMgalanI paristhiti sAthe anukULa rahI athavA e paristhitimAM parivartana karI AgaLa vadhavuM paDatuM hatuM. jema te samaye manuSyanI sAme jaMgalanI ghaTanA hatI tema AjanA manuSya sAme sAmAjika ghaTanA che (Social structure). e ghaTanAmAM rahIne manuSya potAnAM utpAdana ke sarjana karato hoya che. ane pitAnA vadhatA jatA bhAna sAthe e utpAdana ane sarjananA prakAre badalato jAya che. manuSyanI sAmAjika kriyAne evo krama che. paNa e kALa AvI lAge che ke jyAre amuka jAtanI samAjaghaTanA AgaLa vadhatAM manuSyanA sarjana athavA utpAdanone aTakAvI de che. enA vegane rUMdhe che. enA jIvanane kacaDe che. samAjaghaTanAnuM te svarUpa eTaluM sAMkaDuM hoya che ane enI maryAdAo evI saMkucita hoya che ke manuSyanI utpAdana zakti AgaLa vadhI zakatI nathI, tyAre manuSyane jIvanavega e samAjajIvananI sAMkaDI maryAdA ke divAlane teDI nAkhavA UchALA mAre che. manuSyanA sarjana mATe nakAmI paDelI evI jUnI samAjaghaTanAne vinAza thAya che. ane jemAM manuSyanA sarjana vistAra ane vikAsa AgaLa vadhI zake evuM samAjaghaTanAnuM navuM svarUpa nirmAya che. paNa pAcho e kALa AvI lAge che ke jyAre e navuM svarUpa paNa jUnuM bane che. samAjaghaTanAnA e svarUpamAM manuSyanI AgaLa vadhatI sarjana zakti pharI pAchI gUMcavAI paDe che. manuSyanI

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sarjaka zaktine mATe samAjadhaTanAnI e divAle ke maryAdAe sAMkaDI paDe che. pAche utpAdana karanAra ke sarjana karanAra mAnavasamAja UchALA mAre che. enA sarjanenA vikAsa mATe nakAmI paDelI e samAjaghaTanA nAza pAme che ane pharI pAchI enI sarjakazaktine pramAdhe ane peSe evI nUtana samAjaracanA astitvamAM Ave che. eve sAmAjIka krama cAlyA karatA hAya che. pahelAM mAnavasamAjanI jaMgalI paristhiti hatI. e paristhitimAM zakaya hoya teTalAM sarjane manuSye karyAM paNa AgaLa vadhatI enI sarjakazaktine mATe paristhiti nAlAyaka nIvaDI. e paristhitine laya thaye. ane jene ApaNe rajavADAzAhIne nAme ( Feudalism) eLakhIe chIe tevI samAja ghaTanA astitvamAM AvI. e ghaTanAmAM zakaya eTale manuSyanA sarja tene vikAsa sadhAye.. jyAre samAja ghaTanAnA e ceAkaDAmAM enI AgaLa vadhatI sarjanazaktine vikAsa azakya jaNAyA tyAre e ghaTanAne aMta AvyA ane mAnavasamAjanI mUDIvAdI ghaTanA janmI. jyAre AgaLa vadhatI manuSyanI sarjakazaktine vikAsa e ghaTanAmAM rUMdhAze tyAre ene paNa aMta nirmAI cUkyA che. saMskRtinI dizA. e rIte satata cAlatI saMskRtinI kriyA samAjaghaTanAnA svarUpo badalatI AgaLa vadhatI ApaNe joI zakIe chIe. manuSya zAdhelAM badhAM vijJAne enA sarjanane vega ApatAM dekhAya che. e vegavALI saMskRti kaI dizAmAM Aya che te paNa ApaNe samajavuM joIze. Aja sudhInI saMskRtinI kUca manuSyanI sarjaka zaktinA hathiArA sAdhane sudhAravA mATe thaI che. paNa saMskRtinI e kriyA eTalethI aTakI gayelI gaNAtI nathI. Aje e kriyAnA AkhA vega jANe manuSya manuSyanA saMbaMdhA sudhAravA macI paDaye

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hoya tema dekhAya che. AjanI navI bUma ane AjanuM navuM bhAna manuSya manuSyanA saMbaMdho sudhAravA e che, mATe saMskRtinI e navI dizA kahevA saMskRtinI kriyAnuM svarUpa. saMskRtinI kriyAnA svarUpanuM lakSaNa hamezA ajJAtamAMthI jJAtamAM javAnuM rahe che. manuSyanA jJAnano Akho ItihAsa enA AgaLa vadhatA bhAnano itihAsa che. mAnavasaMskRtine itihAsa e enI jAgRta thatI cetanAne saLaMga ItihAsa che. Aje je ene samajAtuM nathI te AvatI kAle enA AgaLa spaSTa thAya che. enI AMkha AgaLa navAM navAM satyo UghaDatAM jAya che. ene navA navA niyamo oLakhAtA jAya che. enA vikAsanI sImA AgaLa ne AgaLa maryAdita ne vistAra pAmatI jAya che. ane te paNa manuSyanuM AjanuM bhAna keTaluM badhuM ochuM che ? jema mahAsAgaranI sapATInIce agAdha UMDANe paDayAM hoya che tema Aje enA bhAnanI sapATI nIce amApa ane agAdha ajJAta paribaLo paDyAM che. enI saMskRtinI A bI kriyA e ajJAtane jJAta karavAnI kriyA che.

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prakaraNa 2 zilAyuganI zarUAta jaMgalanI paristhiti aitihAsIka tavArIkhonA Ugama pahelAnA mAnavakALamAM manuSya judI judI rIte potAnA memAliyana harIpha sAthenA bhayaMkara ne jIvaleNa kalahamAM pahoMcI vaLavAnI ane vijaya pAmavAnI zakita meLavavAnA prayatno karyA che, ane ene vijaya maLyo che. paNa e vijayanA mULa AMkatA enA saMjogo aneka jAtane aghora ane lohIluhANa prasaMgethI bharapUra che. jyAre jaMgalanA anaMta vistAra para chUTAchavAyA jharaNAM patharAyAM hatAM, jyAre AkhI dharatI bhISaNa ane bhayAnaka evA vizALa jaMgalothI bharapUra hatI, te samayanuM jaMgalanuM khadabadatuM jIvana aneka jAtanA vikaTa ane vikALa vitakothI bharacaka hatuM. nadInA kinArA parathI mATI gabaDatI zilAo jevAM hIpoTemasa hAka vagADatAM hatAM. traNa phUTanA lAMbA zIMgaDAthI dharatInA DhagalA khodI nAkhatA, jhADanA thaDa macaDI pADatA, ane zikArI prANIonA aMgeaMga bhacaDI chUTA pADI detA guMDAo jaMgala AkhAne pitAnA avAjathI bharI detA garajatA hatA. suMDha mAthA para addhara UMcakI mada jharatA hAthIo lokhaMDI gaMDasthaLane mUkAvatA hatA. bhagaranA kuTuMbanA jaMgalamAM rahevA AvelAM peTe cAlatAM vikrALa prANIo mAM vikAsIne

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paDyAM hatAM. evA aghora jaMgalamAM zikAra zodhatA manuSya pazunA mAthApara moTA moTA ajagare laTakatA hatA. moTI moTI kaTAre. jevAM zIMgaDAMvALI bheMsa jIvanakalahamAM kAramI doDatI hatI. jANe hamaNA UDI jaze evA ghoDAo jaMgalanA sAmrAjyamAM prANa bacAvavA paDApaDI karatA hatA. gAya, bheMsa ne bIjA ghAsa khAnArA pazuo akasmAta jevAM jaMgalamAM caratAM hatAM. haraNanAM jUthanAM jUtha koI paNa paLe jhaDapAI jatAM jIvanamAM bIkaNa. UbhAM hatAM. manuSya evA zikAra ane zikArI jaMgalanA jIvanamAM zikAra ane zikArI banne hato. eno nAgo deha vALathI DhaMkAyelo hato. enI AkhAmAM vAMdhadIpaDAnAM khUnasa hatAM. ene bAvaDAmAM jhADanI DALIo teDI nAMkhe evA joradAra taMtuo hatA. enA paMjAmAM phADI nAkhavAnI tIkSNatA hatI. enA dAMta mAchalAne cAvI khAtAM ane kAcAM mAMsane karaDI khAtA hatAM. evo e mAnavI jyAre pitAnA zikAra pAchaLa paDato tyAre vAgha ne dIpaDAnI. jema ghUrakato hato, ane geMDAnI jema trADa deto hato. e koIvAra harakhAto paNa hato ne tyAre enuM vikarALa hasavuM jaMgalamAM gAjI UThatuM hatuM. ane jyAre e gusse thaI raDa nAkhato ke raDato. tyAre enI AsapAsanI girikaMdarAo kaMpI UThatI hatI. itihAsa pahelAno mAnavI e abudha ne adhora hato. enA zarIrane DhAMkyA vinA lehIne ThArI de tevI ThaMDImAM ane khoparIne phADI nAkhe evA tApamAM e ene rAka zodhate hate. e kaMdamULa ne jaMgalanA phaLane phUlone potAne khorAka banAvato. hatA. ane ghaNIvAra koI jhADa pAchaLa lapAIne AMkha ne kAnathI. koI zikArane jeto ke sAMbhaLato besate hato. jhADaparathI tUTI gayelI. DALInI sAMga enI pAse paDI hatI. bIkanA, bhUkhanA, tarasanA ane

Page #22
12 AvI paDatAM du:khanA avAjo eja enI bhASA hatI. e bhASAnA bhaya kara citkAra karI e kAI kAIvAra doDI Avata! zikArI pazuonI khabara peAtAnA sAthIdArone ApatA hate. enA hAtha ane hAthamAMnI sAMga sivAya enI pAse enA rakSaNanuM eke sAdhana hatuM nahi. ene rahevAnuM ghara hatuM nahi. enA rAga ane du:khamAM dilAsA Ape eve agni paNa hatA nahIM. ene kAI zikSaka naheAte!. evI enI zaruAta bhAre bhayaMkara ane vikarALa hatI. paNa e zarUAtamAM e zIkhatA hatA. enA anubhavA ene zIkhavatA hatA. manuSyanI paristhiti paNa e enI strI ane bALakA sAthe ekale!ja hatA. khIjA prANI sAthIdArAe enI sevA svIkArI naheAtI. enI pAse gAya, gheTAM ke bakarAM hatAM nahi. dhoDe! ke kutarA paNa hateA nahi. eNe kaiAIvAra jamIna kheDavAnuM ke khIja vAvavAnuM sAMbhaLyuM nahetuM. agnimAM, mATIne pakavI vAsaNo banAvavAne ene khyAla nahAtA. ene hajI ekaeka hathiAra zeAdhI kADhavAnu bAkI hatuM. ghara ane kapaDAM vinAnA e ekalA bhaTakatA hatA. ene bhaTakatAne enI jaMgalanI paristhitie zIkhAvavA mAMDayu, enA ekalA zarIrabaLathI e jaMgalanI harIphAImAM nabhI zakaze nahi. keTalAMe hajAre varSa pachI pattharanI sAMga banAvavAne ene pyAla Avye, ane eka para khIje patthara pachADI pattharanA hathiyAra banAvavA mAMDayAM. evA hathiyArA lAkhe| varSa pahelAMnA manuSyanI zeAdhakabuddhinI sAkSI pUratAM Aje paNa maLI Ave che. pachI e dhIme dhIme enA pattharanA hathiyAre sudhAratA gaye| ane navAM UmeratA gaye!. eNe ekale hAthe hathiyAreAnI

Page #23
13 madadathI jaMgalanI kudarata ane jaMgalanA jAnavaro sAthe bhISaNa. yuddha jArI rAkhyuM. kudaratano evo eka banAva nahote je ene pIDato nahoto. ane jaMgalanuM evuM eke jAnavara nahatuM je ene keI ne kaI rIte herAna na karatuM hoya. e kaI prANane mitra nahato eTale badhA prANIne duzmana hato. je enuM sAthI rahetuM te sau enI sAme hatAM. Aje ene madada karanArAM ane enA sAthI bananArAM pazuo paNa enAthI judAM ane ekalAM pharatAM hatAM. pahelAne itihAsa, manuSya enI jIvanakathAno itihAsa tADa patro para, dhAtunAM patarAM para, zilAlekhomAM ke pustakamAM lakhyuM che ane itihAsalekhananA pahelAMne mAnava itihAsanA lAkho ullekho dharatInA paDAmAM saMgrahI rakhAyA che. pRthvInAM paDo UkelAtA Aje e ItihAsa pahelAMnA ItihAsa jovA jANavAnA maLe che. e ItihAsanI koI bhASA nathI. enI tavArIkhonI sAkSI pUratAM judAM judAM ojAro, hathiyAra, banAvaTe, citro ane manuSyanA hADakAMo, ane hADapiMjare Aje pRthvInAM paDeAmAM paDyAM che. eka speniza umarAva enI jAgIramAM AvelI eka guphAne khodAvI aMdara peThe jyAM ene lAkho varSa pahelAMnA cakamakanA hathiyAre maLI AvyAM. enI sAthe guphAmAM UtarelI enI dIkarIe mAthAparanI chata jeI bUma mArI. "Toresa, Teresa, " ( AkhalA) jaMgalanI bheMsa ane AkhalAnA citro e chata para citarAyAM hatAM. ITAlInA bhUmadhyanA kinArA para grimADI pAse evI eka bIjI guphA jaDI AvI hatI. emAM hajAro varSa jUnI rAkhanAM paDa hatAM. hADakAMnA khaDaka bAjhI gayAM hatAM. chUTA. chUTA paDelAM geMDAnA hADakAMnA hathiyAra hatAM, ane mANasanA. hADapiMjarone saMtADatI pAMca kabare hatI.

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14 e hakIkatA uparathI ApaNe joI zakIe chIe ke enI AsapAsa bhaTakatAM rAkSasI pazuone sAmanA karavA eNe hathiyAro zAdhyAM hatAM. e hathiyAre kAI paNa bhASA vinA hADapiMjarA ane ejArAnA zabdamAM itihAsanI sAkSI pUre che. e itihAsanI zarUAtanA zilAyugamAM judA judA hathiyArA ane sAdhane banA vavAnI yuktionI namra zarUAta jaDI Ave che. e zarUAtamAM saMskRtinA ghaDataranI ane itihAsanA UgamanI spaSTa zarUAta che. saMskRtinI zarUAtanA saMjogA mANasa pAse pALelAM pazue naheAtAM. joI e tevAM ane teTalAM hathiyAra naheAtAM. enA AvegenA AviSkAra jevI cIse ne ame zivAyanI kAI vadhAre sArI bhASA nahAtI. ene divase ke kalAkAmAM ane varSoM ke mahinAomAM kALanuM mApa naheAtuM. e RtunA krama jotA AvyA hatA. e kramamAM eNe eka ajAyaba jevA pheraphAra joye. kaMI alAtuM hatuM. unALAnA garama divaseAne AvatAM khUba mADu thayuM hatu. kaLAne pAkatAM ghaNIvAra lAgI hatI. patenA zikhare je vanaspatithI DhaMkAyalAM dekhAtAM hatAM tenA para baraka jAmI gaye| hatA. e patAnI khINAmAM paNa barapha patharAtA jatA hatA. e lIle lAgatA barapha dhIme dhIme AgaLa vadhatA hatA. parvatA parathI gabaDatA baraphanA pahADI rAtanA UMdhavA sUtelA manuSyAne kacarI nAMkhatA hatA. jhADanAM jhADa chUMdAI jatAM hatA. AkAzamAMthIya ara vA zarU thayeA. prANIo ane vanaspatie eka sAthe bharavA lAgyAM. mANase sUryanA prakAzanI zeAdhamAM doDavA mAMDayuM. enI pIThapara laI zakAya eTale! khArAka hatA. enI mAdAnI kAkhamAM taratanAM janmelAM bALakA hatAM. e doDatA hatA. enI sAthe sAthe bIjA pazuo ne prANIo paNa doDatAM

Page #25
jatAM hatAM. e bIjAM badhAM pAse enA karatAM vadhAre baLavAna zarIre hatAM. vadhAre majabUta ane jhaDapavALA paga hatA. sau eka bIjAthI AgaLa doDavA mathatuM hatuM. mANasa saunI pAchaLa paDato hato. paNa bIjAo pAse je nahotuM tevI eka vastu enI pAse hatI. e vastu te enI vicArazakti hatI. ene vicAra karIne jIvavAno upAya zodhavAnI pharaja paDI, ane jo koI upAya na jaDe te ThaMDuM maraNa tenI AMkha sAme ghUrakatuM UbhuM hatuM. eNe vicAra karyo. eNe baraphamAMthI bacavA mATe jhADanI chAla ane cAmaDAM DhavAM zarU karyA. ane topaNa ThaMDI jIvaleNa hatI. DhagalAbaMdha bALaka, juvAna ne gharaDAM maravA lAgyAM. ene eka vastu yAda AvI gaI. eNe jvAlAmakhIo joyA hatA. jaMgalonA jhaMjhAvAtomAM eka bIjA sAthe ghasAIne saLagI UThatI DALIo bhALI hatI. eNe agni sAcavI rAkhavA mAMDyo. enI guphAomAM tApaNuo saLagavI zarU thaI eNe e agnimAM ene khorAka pakavavo paNa zaru karyo. eNe e agnino upayoga hathiyAro banAvavAmAM paNa karyo. eNe e agnithI bhInI mATInAM judA judA AkAre sUkavavA mAMDyA. jANe enA mAthAmAM paNa agni saLagato hato. enI AsapAsa ene gherIne UbhelAM bhUkhamare, ThaMDI ane maraNa ene magaja vAparavAnI pharaja pADatAM hatAM. e baraphanA saMkaTamAMthI jIvI jatA manuSya agninA upayoga zedhato hato. patthara ane hADakAMnA hathiyAro banAvate hato ane e rIte saMskRtinI zarUAta kasyo hato. zilAyuganAM sAdhane enI mUThImAM pakaDAya tevuM pattharanuM paheluM sAdhana yA hathiyAra ene jaDayuM. e AgaLathI taNuM hatuM, pAchaLathI pakaDAya tevuM hatuM. e hathiyAranA judA judA AkAramAM hADI, dAtaraDAM,

Page #26
karavatI, charI vagerenA prAthamika svarUpa hatAM. eja rIte jhADanI DALIemAMthI ane hADakAMmAMthI bhAlA ane bANa jevAM tathA gephaNone sAMga jevAM hathiyAra banAvA mAMDyAM. khaMjare, mAchalAM pakaDavAnA AkaDA, khIlIo tathA hArapu jevAM ojAra paNa banatAM jatAM hatA. paNa e saune vega ApanAra zodha te agninI zodha hatI. e agninA upage enI AgaLa vadhatI buddhi sAthe vadhatA gayA. enA bhayaMkara duzmanone zodhI kADhavA mATe ane tene bIvaDAvavA mATe eNe masAle saLagAvavA mAMDI. ene jaDI AvatI dhAtuone narama karavA mATe eNe agnino upaga karavA mAMDyA. agni eno deva banI rahyo. agnine hamezAM saLagato rAkhavAnI prathA eNe ene gharamAM dAkhala karI. agninI madadathI enI Arthika muzkelIo ane gUMca ukalavA lAgI. e hathiyAra vAparanAra prANuM banavA mAMDyuM. eNe zikAranI zaruAta karyA pachI te bIjA pazuo karatAM zaktimAna zikArI thayo hato. paNa emAM enI manuSya tarIke viziSTatA ethI vadhAre hatI nahi. jo e zikArI ja rahyo hota te Aje paNa enI gaNanA eka pazu tarIkeja thAta. paNa enA bahAranA saMjogo upara vicAra karatuM mana ene mAnavatA tarapha laI jatuM hatuM. enA zikAramAM kaI keda pakaDAyeluM ke jIvatuM rahI gayeluM prANI ene zaraNe AvatuM. ene prathama zaraNe AvanAra ghoDe hato. ghoDAe mANasanI gulAmI svIkArI. enI pITha para besIne pharavAno vicAra mANasane Avyo. pazuone pALavAnI e zarUAta hatI. dhIme dhIme jhADapAlo ke ghAsa khAnArAM bIjA pazuo paNa ghoDAnuM anukaraNa karatAM hatAM. zikAra manuSya dhIme dhIme bharavADa banate hato. mAMsa sAthe kaMdamULa ke phaLe paNa khAte hato. ane enA pazuonA kAphalA sAthe TeLAbaMdha pharato hato. e

Page #27
17 jaMgalamAM UgI nIkaLatAM anAja paNa khAtAM zIkhatA hatA. kudaratane jotAM ane tenuM avaleAkana karatAM zIkhyA hatA. enA magajamAM khetI karavAneA nave! khyAla utpanna thaye|. eNe aNIvALI lAkaDIthI jamIna khAdI, bIja vAvavAM zarU karyAM. have ane eka sthaLethI bIje bhaTakavuM pAlavyuM nahi. eNe jhADanI DALIe ane dhAsathI jhUMpaDAM bAMdhavAM zarU karyAM. eNe mAMsa sAthe anAja paNa khAvuM zarU karyuM. eNe zikAra banatAM pazuAnA lehI sAthe pALelAM prANIonuM dUdha paNa pIvA mAMDayuM. enA bALakonuM maraNapramANa bIjA prANIonuM dhI pIvA maLavAthI ochuM thavA lAgyuM. eNe saMgraha zarU karyo.. eNe madhamAkhIone duHkhanA vise! mATe saMgraha karatAM jeI hatI. pakSiene mALAomAM khArAka ekaThA karatAM dekhyAM hatAM. hajAra varSanA du:khanA anubhave pachI buddhimAna mAnavI mAMsane zekIne ke AthIne ke dArIne saMgraha karatAM zIkhatuM hatuM. ane anAja saDI na jAya te rIte tene enI guphAomAM bharI rAkhatAM zIkhatuM hatuM. mAnavasaMskRtine Akho itihAsa traNa pAyA para racAyA che. eka agninI zeAdha. bIjI khetIvADInI zeAdha. ane trIjo vepAra. khetIvADInI prAthamika zarUAta mAnava jAtanI saMskRtimAM mahattvanuM pagaluM hatuM. itihAsanA Ugama mANasa enAM sAdhane, ejAre, ane thiyArenI banAvaTa AgaLa vadhAre jatA hatA. e badhA sAdhanemAM sauthI mahattvanuM enuM eka ejAra paiDuM hatuM. mANase enI zarUAta karI hatI. prAthamika cakaraDIe ane dhaTI banatI hatI. jANe yaMtravAdanI zarUAtanA cakro karatAM thayAM hatAM. enI sAthe sAthe ja kuMbhArakAma ane suthArakAmanI zarUAta thatI hatI. paNa lekhita itihAsanI zarUAta te| zilAyuganA aMta sAthe ane dhAtuesanA upayeganI zarUAta sAthe thAya che. e zarUAta kayAMthI ane kayArathI thaI e itihAsanA viSaya che. evI saMskRtinI zarUAtanA itihAsa pUnA dezeAmAMthI zarU thAya che ane pazcima tarapha jAya che.

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prakaraNa 1 sumerIA parziyana akhAtamAMthI zarU karI TAigrIsa ane yukreTIsa pazcima tarapha jaI e mAlama paDe che. jyAM judI paDe tyAMthI yukreTIsa sAthe te! purANA sumeriAnA daTAI gayelAM meseApaTemIAne pUrvI itihAsa sumerIAnA leAkeAneA kIza ane AgeDamAMthI AvelA lekA sAme peAtAnA svAtaMtrya mATenA ramakhANeAnA itihAsa che. e ramakhANenI vacamAM eka meTA vistAravALI saMskRti itihAsamAM ajoDa evI UbhI che. e bhUlI javAyalI sauMskRti sauthI jUnAmAM jUnI che. jene Aje ApaNe saMskRtinA jUnA itihAsa tarIke eLakhIe chIe te itihAsanI prajAone paNa sumerIAnI jANa na hatI. Aje ApaNe rAmana, grIka ane nyU, saMskRtine jeTalI jUnI mAnIe chIe teTalI ja jUnI te vakhatanA grIka, rAmana ane nyU sumerIAnI saMskRtine mAnatA hatA. bIreAsasa nAmanA eka emIlenIAnA itihAsalekhake e sumerIAnI saMskRtinA ullekha che. pU. 250 pahelA eka daMtakathAnA rUpamAM karyAM che. IrAnanA akhAtamAMthI bahAra nIkaLatA rAkSase| tarIke sumerIAnI jUnI saMskRtivALI sAthe zahera

Page #29
19 prajAne cItaravAmAM AvI che. daMtakathAnA svarUpamAM e saMskRta prajAne rAkSaso tarIke AlekhI te rAkSasone bahAranA jagatamAM khetIvADInuM vijJAna, dhAtuonuM utpAdana tathA lekhana kaLAne lAvatA batAvyA che. e lekhaka jaNAve che ke jIvanane kalyANakArI badhI banAvaTa e rAkSasI prajAnA eka eenIsa nAmanA saradAre zIkhavI che ane tyAra pachI duniyAmAM koI paNa vadhAre agatyanI zodhakhoLa thaI nathI. e itihAsa lekhaka bIsasanA maraNa pachI be hajAra varSo sumerIAnI saMskRtinI zodha thaI. sumerIana prajA e sumerI ane prajA kaI jAtanI hatI tathA sumerIAmAM kaye rastethI pekI tenI cokkasa mAhItI haju sudhI kaI meLavI zakyuM nathI. kadAca e prajA madhya eziyAmAMthI AvI hoya tathA e prajA mAMgola jAtanI hoya evI dhAraNA karavAmAM Ave che. e ati jUnI saMskRtinAM jaDI AvatAM hADapiMjare bane bIjA smAraka parathI mAlama paDe che ke e loko majabUta, ThIMgaNuM, sIdhAM nAkavALA, UpasI AvatA kapALavALA tathA nIcI DhaLatI AMkhevALA haze. e loka dADhI rAkhatA ane mUcha mUMDAvatA haze, tathA UnanA kapaDAM paheratAM haze. sumerIana strIo DAbA khabhA parathI vastra laTakatuM rAkhatI haze tathA puruSo zarIrane upalo bhAga khullo rAkhI keDa bAMdhatA haze. sumerIana prajAe vakhata jatAM mAthAthI paga sudhIno poSAka dhAraNa karyo haze. paNa e prajAnA dAsa dAsIo keDa parathI mAthA sudhIne bhAga pharajiyAta khulluM rAkhatA haze. e prajAmAM strIo ne puruSe baTa tathA pAvaDIo paheratA "haze. tathA vIMTIo, hAre, erIMgo, vagere aneka jAtanA alaMkAra je AjanI strIo pahere che te sarve sumerIana strIo paheratI hevI joIe.

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20 itihAsa sumerIana saMskRtinA kALanI gaNanA nipura nAmanA eka nagaranA jaDI AvelAM khaMDera uparathI thaI zake che. khaMDero para Aje chAsaTha phITa jeTalI jamInanuM paDa caDI gayuM che. ane nipura nIce bIjA chAsaTha phUTa UMDANamAM sAragona ane akkaDa nagare sUtAM che. e uparAMta e saMskRtinA kIza ane ura nAmanAM nagare paNa jaDI AvyAM che. e zodhakhoLa uparathI evI gaNatrI thaI zake ema che ke nipura nagara che. pUrve paraphara varSa pahelAM haze. tathA kIza i. pU. 4500 varSa pahelAM ane ura i. pU. 3500varSa pahelAM haze, tathA e chellAM be nagaromAM semITIka ane nonasemITIka prajAonI hariphAInI zarUAta thaI haze. uranA khaMDeremAMthI maLI AvelI mATInI ITa parathI te samayanA rAjA mahArAjAnA rAjyArehaNa, tAjapaSIo, vi tathA dabadabAbharyA maraNeno khyAla Ave che. e rAjAo ura-lAgAsa ane urUkanA nagararAjyomAM rAjya karatA hovA joIe. lAgAsane eka rAjA urUkegInA eka sudhAraka rAjA hatA. e. rAjAe garIbanuM zoSaNa karatA zrImaMta sAme ane saunuM zoSaNa karatA dharmaguruo sAme pharamAna kADyAM hatAM. daphanakriyA para levAtA karo eAchA karI nAkhyA hatA. tathA dharmaguruo ane amaladAronA devone apAtAM balidAnomAM nakkI thaelA amaladAre tathA dharmaguruonA bhAgane nAbUda karyA hatA. e rAjA magarUrIthI kahete hato ke eNe potAnI prajAne svataMtratA ApI hatI. enA pachI eka lugala jAgIzAe lAgA para caDhAI karI. yugInAne mArI harAvyA, nagarane tArAja karyuM. devaLIne nAza karyo. tathA lokonI katala calAvI. te samayanA eka sumerIana kavi DAMgIrADAmue e banAvane ullekha karyo che. tyAra pachI akakaDanagara

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rAjyamAM sAragona nAmanA eka rAjAe thANuM jamAvyuM. eka pattharanA smAraka para e sAragonanuM bhavya dADhIvALuM ane sattAzIla piSAkavALuM eka citra jaDI AvyuM che. e rAjAne janma rAjavaMzamAM nahote. itihAsane enA bApanI haju oLakha thaI nathI. enI mAtA eka maMdiranI vasyA hatI. sumerIana daMtakathAmAM e rAjA pitAnI AtmakathA kahete bele che ke, "mArI namra mAtAe mane khAnagImAM dhAraNa karyo. cupakIthI janma Apyo. eNe mane eka TopalImAM tarato mUkI dIdho" evo e rAjA bacI gayo ane eka rAjAne tyAM raseDAmAM nokara rahyo. pachI eNe baLavo karyo ane gAdI pacAvI paDyo. e pitAne cakravarti kaheDAvato hato ane mese-- poTemIAmAM rAja karato hato. ItihAsakAro ene mahAna kahe che, kAraNa ke eNe ghaNAM nagara para caDhAI karI hatI. DhagalAbaMdha lUTe jItI hatI. tathA ghaNuM manuSyanI katala karI hatI. e vijetAe cAre dizAe kUca karI hatI. eNe IlAma jItyuM hatuM. e IrAnanA akhAtamAM potAnA lehIvALA hathiyAro ghacyAM hatAM. tathA itihAsa kadI nahi joyeluM evuM mahAsAmrAjya jamAvyuM hatuM. pa5 varSa sudhI eNe julmI rAjya karyuM hatuM. tathA e jubhagAranI AsapAsa daMtakathAoe divyatA sarjI hatI. A bhagavAna gaNAto hate. e bhagavAnanA maraNa pachI enA sAmrAjyamAM Thera Thera baLavAo phATI nIkaLyA hatA. ene traNa dIkarA hatA. trIjo narAmasIna bAMdhakAmane jabara zekhIna hato. eNe caNAvelI bhavya imAratonA Aje kaI kaI patthara maLI Ave che. DImergAne 1897mAM narAmasInanuM pracaMDa smAraka zodhI kahADayuM hatuM. e smArakamAM narAmasIna dhanuSya ane bANa sAthe potAnA duzmanonA mRta zarIra para cAlato tathA dayA mATe bhikha mAgatA bIjA hArelA duzmanone raheMsI nAMkhate cItara vAmAM Avyo che. e citranI citrakaLA khUba vikAsa pAmelI lAge che.

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I. . 3500 varSa pahelAM uranagara rAjyane ItihAsa khUba bhavya hato. tyAMnA eka uraeMgara nAmanA rAjAe pazcima eziyApara pAsIphIka sAmrAjya jamAvyuM ane AkhA sumeriA mATe kAyadAnI jAherAta karI. uranagara yukreTIsamAM cAlatA vepArathI khUba AbAda thayuM hatuM. e nagarane uraeMgara rAjAe maMdirethI zaNagAryuM hatuM tathA lArasA, urUka ane nipuramAM meTI meTI bhavya ImArato bAMdhI hatI. enA eka DuMgI nAmanA dIkarAe enA kAmane aThThAvana varSa sudhI AgaLa dhapAvyuM ane eTalA DahApaNathI rAjya karyuM ke lokee e rAjyane suvarNayuga mAnyo tathA rAjA DuMgIne deva tarIke pUjya. paNa e sonerI raMga sarI jatA hatA. pUrvamAMthI ilemAITasa ane pazcimamAMthI emorAIsa ToLIo upara dhasI AvI. uranA ArAmano aMta Avyo. urano zAnti nAza pAmI. urane rAjA keda thayo ane uranagara khaMDera banyuM. uranagaranI devI izatAranI mUrtine maMdiramAMthI ukheDI nAMkhavAmAM AvI. e kaleAmano ItihAsa AlekhatI eka kavitAnA rUdanane svara cAra hajAra varSa pahelAMthI Aja sudhI saMbhaLAya che. e uranagaranI devI AThaMda karatI kahe che ke, "e lekee mane bhraSTa karI. gaMdA hAthe e lokee mArA dehane cUMthI nAkhyo. jANe huM bhayathI maraNa pAmI. huM khUba duHkhI chuM. e lokone mArA tarapha jarAe bhAva hato nahi. e lokoe bhArAM vasaeN utarAvI nAkhyA ane te vacce emanI strIone paherAvyAM. e lokoe mAre alaMkAra jhUMTavI lIdhA ane e alaMkArathI potAnI dIkarIene zaNagArI. e leke mArA maMdiramAM dhasI AvyA. huM bIkathI dhrujI UThI. mArA maMdiranI divAlo camacI UThI. devaLamAMnAM kabUtaro UDI gayAM. e loke devaLamAM mArI pAchaLa paDyAM. phaphaDI UThelAM kabUtaranI jema dhrujI uThI. jema kabUtare pAchaLa bAja paDe tema che ke mArI pAchaLa paDyA, ane mane zodhI kahADI."

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23 e itihAsanI chellI tavArIkheAmAM IslAma ane Amera sumerIA para rAja karatAM hatAM. pachI uttara taraphathI ekhIleAnanA rAjA hemurAkhI caDI AvyA. hemurAbIe lemAITsa lokA pAsethI, urUka ane sIna jItyAM. anedUra esirIA sudhI peAtAnI sattA jamAvI. Aje keTalAMka sakAethI IrAnanA udaya pachI e nadIe vaccenA pradeza upara semITIka leAkA rAjya kare che. itihAsanA adhArAmAM ane itihAsanAM Alekhana jevAM dharatInAM UMDA paDeAmAMthI sumerIA viSe khIjuM vizeSa kaMIja saMbhaLAtu nathI. itihAsanA anaMta cepaDAmAM sumerIAnA itihAsanuM prakaraNa pUrU thAya che. prakaraNa 2 ju Arthika jIvana A saMskRtinA pAyAmAM pANInAM pUrathI phaLadrupa banelI jamInanAM utpAdana hatAM. sumerIana lokajIvana e pANInA pravAhIne naherAdvArA saya mita karatAM zIkhyuM hatuM, aLadethI khe'cAtu haLa paNa te vakhate vaparAtuM hatuM. sumerIana leke tAMbA ane lekhaDanA patarAMnA upayAga karatAM zIkhyAM hatAM. leADhAnAM meTAM meTAM ejArA banAvavAnuM jANatAM hatAM paNa dhAtunI chata joIe teTalI hatI nahi. sumerIana sAdhanA ghaNAkharAM pattharanA hatAM. kapaDAM vaNavAne udyoga sarakAranA hAtha nIce cAlatA hatA. mATInAM ne lAkaDAnAM ghara banatAM hatAM. khetIvADImAM upayeAgI evI gAyA, gheTAM, bakarAM, Dukkara vagere mANasanA sAthIdAra tarIke karatAM. pIvAnA pANI mATe kuvA hatA.

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mAlanI Avaka jamIna karatAM pANInA mArge vadhAre hatI. IjIpta ane hiMda sAthe vepAra zarU thayo hato. kharIda ane vecANanA sAdhanarUpa sikako zodhI kaDhAye na hato. vepAranA badhA vibhAga sATAthI cAlatA hatA. zrImaMta ane garIba ghaNA meTA vargomAM vaheMcAI gayA hatA. gulAmInI prathAno khUba vikAsa thayo hato. aMgata milakata pavitra banI cUkI hatI. nAnA vepArIo, zikSaka, vaidyo ane dharmaguruone madhyama varga banate hato. vaidakazAstra dharmazAstrathI haju judu paDayuM nahotuM. vaido dharmaguruo hatA ane mAMdagI e saMtAnanI pedAza che ema manAtuM hatuM. sarakAra sarakAranuM svarUpa dharmasattAthI juduM nahotuM. rAjA peTesI athavA dharmaguru rAjA kahevAto. peTesI eka nagara athavA bIjA vadhAre nagara para potAnuM bhayaMkara baLa jamAvatA ane je pazubaLane lIdhe e julmakAra jIvana jIvI zakato hato teja pazubaLa bIjA kaImAM enA karatAM vadhAre pramANamAM dekhAtuM tyAre ene tAja paDAvI levAto hato. e moTA kilA jevA mahAlayamAM raheto hato ke jene be bAraNAM hatAM, ane dareka bAraNe ekathI vadhAre mANaso jaI zake nahi evI vyavasthA hatI. e pravezadvAranI banne bAju ughADAM khaMjara rAkhI khAnagI cokIdAra rAjA pAse jatI koI paNa vyaktine tapAsatA hatA. evA rAjamahAlayamAM devamaMdira paNa khAnagI hatuM. e khAnagI maMdiramAM bIjA lokonI jema devapUjA karavAnuM athavA to koI na jANe tema evI pUjAo tarapha bedarakAra banavAnuM rAjA mATe zakaya banI zakatuM. peTesI athavA dhamarAjA rathamAM besIne laDAI karavA nIkaLata. veipArI mAla paDAvI levA mATe, vepAranA mArgo meLavavA mATe " khullI rIte yuddha thatAM. evA vepArI ramakhANene saMtADavAnI

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keI AdarzavAdI zabdajALo racAI nahatI. rAjA menIsue jAhera karyuM hatuM ke te pote IlAmanI rUpAnI khANa jItavA caDAI kare che. evAM badhAM ramakhANo mULamAM vepArI uddezavALAM hatAM. e dareka ramakhANamAM hajAre gulAme lUMTamAM AvatAM hatAM. e gulAme pAse karAvavAnI veThanI ke e gulAmene vecavAnI agavaDa mAlama paDatAM e saune kApI nAkhavAmAM AvatA. kaI kaI vAra evA seMkaDo gulAmone jakaDI bAMdhI tarasyA devane emanA lehInA balidAna ApavAmAM AvatAM. dhIme dhIme sAmAjika ghaTanAnuM svarUpa rajavADAzAhI banatuM jatuM hatuM. vijetA rAjA pitAnA saradArane nAnA moTA pradeza bheTa karatI. evA pradezo para saradAranI sattA cAlatI hatI. evA saradAre pitApitAne pradezemAMthI rAjAne jarUra paDe tyAre kapAI javAne taiyAra evA sipAIo mokalatA. e rIte maMDAyelA zAsanane kAyadAo ghaDAtA hatA. e kAyadA ghaDanArAnA nAmamAM rAjA hemurAbInuM nAma sauthI AgaLa Ave che. eNe ghaDelA kAyadAo strIpuruSanA jAtIya saMbaMdhonA, badhI vepArI lonanA IjArA mATenA tathA badhI kharIdI ane vecANa mATenA hatA. adAlate devaLamAM besatI ane meTe bhAge badhA nyAyAdhizo dharmaguruo hatA. dharmanIti rAjA uragare potAnA badhA kAyadAo mahAbhagavAna zAmAzAnA nAmanA ghaDyA hatA. kAraNake vepAranI jema rAjakAraNane paNa bhagavAnanI jarUra mAlama paDI. devadevInI saMkhyA dareka zaheramAM vadhatI jatI hatI. sUryapUjA AraMbhakALathI pracalita hatI, prakAzanA bhagavAna evA sUryanArAyaNa uttaranA UMDANamAM pharatA rahe che ane savAramAM potAnA daravAjAmAMthI bahAra Ave che ane rathamAM besI AkAzamAM saphara kare che evI mAnyatA hatI. rAjA nIpUre

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bhagavAna enalIla ane tenI rakhAta ninsIla mATe meTAM devaLe. baMdhAvyAM hatAM. rAjA urUka khAsa karIne pRthvIdevI InInIne bhajato hatA. nInagIrasu pANIno devatA hato tathA tAmujha khetIvADIne devatA hato. e rIte devadevIonI hAramALA khUba moTI thaI hatI. ghaNakharA devono vAsa devaLomAM manAto hato. tathA devaLAmAM vasatA devonA upayoga mATe, paisA tathA be rAkanA DhagalA ane strIonA samudAya rAkhavAmAM AvatA. hajAre baLada, bakarAM, gheTAM, kabUtare, maraghAM, bataka, mAchalAM, khajUra, aMjIra, mAkhaNa ane tela jevI aneka vastuo devonA kherAka mATe sarasa manAtI. pahelAnAM devone mANasanuM mAMsa khUba bhAve che ema manAtuM paNa jema jema sumerIana lokajIvana AgaLa vadhatuM gayuM tema tema devone bIjA prANIonAM mAMsathI ja saMtoSa mAnavo paDyo. bhagavAnanA e badhA prasAdathI dharmagurUno varga khUba zrImaMta tathA sattAvAna banate jato hato. rAjasattAnI ghaNuMkharI bAbate temanA hAthamAM hatI. dharmanI judI judI daMtakathAo AkAra letI hatI. bharaNa pachInA jIvanamAM mAnatA sumerIane zaba sAthe kabaromAM kherAkane hathiyAre rAkhatAM hatAM. zikSaNa e dharmanItine eka mAtra bhAga hato. badhI nizALo devaLamAM besatI hatI. ane chekarA chokarIo akSarajJAna letAM hatAM tathA gaNita zIkhatAM hatAM. dharmaguruo emane svadezAbhimAna tathA dharma zIkhavatA. e uparAMta zikSaNane upayoga sarakArI kArakune banavA mATe tA. nItinA badhA kAyadAonA pAyAmAM milakatanuM rakSaNa e eka mAtra uddeza hato. ane evI milakatanA svarUpa jevI sumerIana strIo paNa khUba moTI saMkhyAmAM bhagavAnane saMtoSavA mATe devaLomAM rahetI. devanA nAmamAM e rIte dharmaguonA upabhoga banavAmAM koI paNa sumerIana chokarI zarama mAnatI nahatI. e rIte pitAnI

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dIkarIonAM dAna devAmAM sumerIana mAbApe abhimAna letAM hatAM. evI rIte sumerIana chokarIone vidhipUrvaka devaLone bheTa dharavAmAM AvatI. te vakhatanI lagnasaMsthA ghaNu kAyadAothI niyamita thayelI hatI. chokarI paraNIne pitAnA dhaNIne tyAM jatI. pitAnA bALake upara tathA pitAnI ane dhaNunI milakata upara dhaNInI gerahAjarImAM strI hakadAra gaNatI. strI pAse pitAne gulAma paNa hatA ane e gulAma ne vecavA strI svataMtra gaNAtI. Ama chatAM paNa kAyadAnI draSTie puruSa sauthI vaDe mAlika hatA. pitAnA devAM cUkavavA mATe pitAnI strIne paNa vecavAnI sattA dharAvate, vyabhicAra karato, puruSa dhUnI gaNAto paNa daMDAto nahi. paNa pitAnA dhaNI sivAya bIjA koI paNa puruSa sAthe saMbaMdha rAkhatI strIne mArI nAkhavAmAM AvatI. strIne ekamAtra upayoga potAnA dhaNI mATe vadhAremAM vadhAre bALaka janmAvavAno hato. je kaI strI vaMdhyA mAlama paDe te bIjuM koI paNa kAraNa ApyA vinA tene tyAga karavAmAM Avato. je strI prajotpatti karavAnI nA pADe to tene DUbADI devAmAM AvatI. bALake mAbApanI milakata gaNAtAM ane mAbApa je temane potAnA gharamAMthI kADhI mUke te sarakAra paNa temane saMgharatI nahi.

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prakaraNa 3 : ijIptanI bhaugolika paristhiti bhUmadhya samudrane maLavA dhasatI nAIla nadInI kalpanA eka meTA UMcA jhADanA svarUpamAM kare. e nAIla nadIe bhUmadhya samudra taraphanA pitAnA mukha AgaLa eka meTe phaLadrupa pradeza Ubho karyo che. eka vakhate e pradeza akhAta hato paNa nAIla nadInA pANImAM AvatA mATInA jathAe e akhAtane pUrI dIdhe, Aje e pradeza para lAkha kheDUto kapAsanAM vAvetara kare che. e pradeza haju paNa pAthI ardhI DhaMkAyela che. ane e pradeza para Thera Thera khAIe tathA narenI graMthIo AvI rahI che. e pradezanI khAIo tathA khetare para keDapara kapaDAM vIMTALI ardhanAgA zarIravALA kheDUto majUrI kare che. hajAro varSa sudhI e pradeza para UbhA rahI kheDUtoe nAIlanAM caDatAM pANI AturatAthI joyAM che. ane e caDatAM pANIthI khuza thatA kheDUtoe e pANI osarI gayA pachI paNa pitAnI jamIna paranA pAka lIlA rAkhavA nahera bAMdhI che. ItihAse na joyelA evA kALathI e kheDUto vAMsa para bAMdhelI DilathI potAnA khetarane khAIonAM pANu pAtA AvyA che.

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29 ane ema karatAM judAM judAM gItA lalakAratA AvyA che. jamIna para majUrI karatA e majUrAnuM saMgIta nAIla nadI chellA pAMca hajAra varSothI sAMbhaLatI AvI che. nAIla nadIe banAvelA e pradeza para elakajhAnDrIAthI pacAsa mAIla dakSiNa pazcimamAM nekreTIsa nagara hatuM. trIsa mAIla dUra pUrvamAM sAIsa nagara hatuM. tathA dakSiNa pUrvamAM ekasA egaNatrIsa mAIla dUra kare| hatuM. kare! nagara bahu suMdara hatuM, paNa IjIpzIana na hatuM. vijetA musalamAnee i. sa. 968mAM pharIvAra e bAMdhyuM. e badhA pradezo para thaI ijIptanI purANI saMskRti vAMcavA ApaNe pirAmIDa tarapha javuM joI e. je lAMbA rastethI pirAmIDa pahoMcAya che, te rastAraparathI khUba dUrathI jotAM pirAmIDa khUba nAnA lAgatA hAya che, paNa jorathI doDI jatAM ApaNu! AjanAM vAhananI gati sAthe jANe e pirAmIDeAnA deha AkAzamAM UMcA UchaLatAM heAya evA dekhAya che. ane jANe retInA raNamAMthI UgI nIkaLatA hAya tema manuSyanI ajaba kRtI jevA sAme UbhA rahe che. e pirAmIDa sAme sIjhara ane nepAlIyana eka vakhata vahetI jevA UbhA hatA. pacAsa paikAone itihAsa khelatA e pirAmIDe! itihAMsanuM khUba jUnuM dana karAve che. retImAM pAse ja siMhanA azarIravALI eka ciMtakanI mUrti UbhI che. e siMha jANe khUba bhayaMkara rIte AkhA raNa taraph ene paMjo ugAme che, tathA ve'tIo lAgatA kAI paNa vaTemArgu sAme tathA anaMta dekhAtA medAna sAme jarA paNA hAlyAcAlyA vinA jeI rahe che. e siMhanu zarIra mAthA AMgaLathI manuSyanuM banI jAya che. e zarIrane ghaDanAra saMskRtie ghaDelI AMkheAmAM je viALa na mUkayuM che te sAkSI pUre che ke e saskRtie jaM galanuM jIvana paNa joyuM haze.

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30 i. sa. pU. 4000 varSa pahelAM nAIlanA leAkeAe rAjatatranuM svarUpa dharmI kahADayuM hatuM. nadIkinAre vaselA leke judI -judI jAtie ( Nomes ) mAM veheMcAI gayA hatA. dareka jAti kAI eka ( TeTesa ) mAnatI hatI, eka ja nAyakane AdhIna rahetI hatI, ane :eka jAtanA devane ArAdhatI hatI. A jAtie (nAma) peAtAnA rAjakartAnA echAvattA prabhAva pramANe peAtAnI sattA jamAvatI. vakhata jatAM e nema judAM judAM rAjyamAM vyavasthita thayAM. emAM mukhya be vibhAga hatA. eka uttara, khIjo dakSiNa, mInIsa nAmanA eka rAjAe anne vibhAgane joDI tenA para peAtAnuM prabhutva jamAvyuM. ane theAtha bhagavAnanA nAmamAM kAyadAe ghaDavA. eNe memmIsane peAtAnI rAjadhAnI banAvI. i. sa. pUrve 3150 mAM rAjA josara rAjya karatA hatA. enI pAse eka "mahe!TeTu nAmane vaijJAnika tathA meTe! kalAkAra hatA. ijIptanI saMskRtine AgaLa dhapAvavA eNe ghaNuM karyuM che. eNe sAkArAne pirAmIDa adhAvyo, tejhosanA maMdire dhAvyAM. tyAra pachInA eka rAjA ha!krenuM nAma saMbhaLAya che. eNe chappana varSa sudhI ijIptamAM rAjya karyuM. Aje kerA myUjhiyamamAM mAthApara bAja pakSInuM rAjasattAnuM pratIka dhAraNa karI e kheDe che. enI magarUra, sthira ane nirbhaya AkRti; zaktizAlI nAka tathA joradAra AMkhe Aje paNa sAkSI pUre che, ke te vakhate AvI bhavya vyaktie janmatI hatI, tathA te vakhatanI kalA e vyaktiene pattharamAM nipajAvatI hatI. ijIptamAM jANe rAjAene rAkaDA phATayeA hatA. itihAse e rAjava'zonI hAramALAnA nAma jALavI rAkhyAM che. i. sa. pUrve 2644 sudhI pepI khIjo rAja karatA hatA, enA maraNa pachI aMdhera ane vinAza AvyAM. cAra sakAe! sudhI cAlelA e aMdheramAMthI majabUta icchAzaktivALA zAmena AvyA. eNe

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31 rAjadhAnI mesamAMthI thIbasamAM khaseDI. enA rAjyamAM zilpa ane kaLA uttamatAe pahAMcyAM, paise vacce meTI meTI imAratA ane nehare! badhAI, nAIlathI rAtA samudra sudhInI meATI nahera jIkhIana leAkeAne DarAvI rahI. TheraThera maMdiza phUTI nIkaLyAM. paNa ceDAMka varSo pachI ijIptamAM pAchuM aMdhera AvyuM. eziyAmAMthI hIpsAsa nAmanI eka jAti ijIptapara caDI AvI. zahere saLagI UMcAM. madirA khaMDera anyAM. lakSmI lUTAvA mAMDI. kaLAnA saMhAra thaye! ane se| varSa sudhI bharavADa rAjAe ijIptapara rAjya karavA lAgyA. gheADA ja samayamAM vijetAe DhIlA paDavA lAgyA. ijIpzIyanAe muktijaMga mAMDaye. hIpsAsa leAkeAne hAMkI kADhavAmAM AvyA. paNa navA yuga maMDAI cUkayeA hateA. ijIpta ane pazcima eziA vacce eka hajAra varSa sudhI cAlavAnuM yuddha zarU thaI cUkayuM hatuM. te vakhate ijIptanuM sUkAna rAjA thaTamese dhAraNa karyuM hatuM. eNe pazcima eziyA para prabhutva jamAvyuM eTaluMja nahi paNa sIrIA upara caDAI karI ane thImsamAM lUTanA DhagalA ApyA. enA pachI rAjyanI lagAma enI dIkarI husepaTe dhAraNa karI. paNa ijIptanA rIvAjemAM strI rAjyakartA banI zake ema hatuM nahi. rANI hesepasuTe pAta!nI jAtane daivI ane puruSatvavALI jAhera karI. enA leAkeAnA vahemAne sa MtASavA mATe e rANIe peAtAnA citrAmAM dADhI paheravA mAMDI ane peAtAnI jAtane sUkSmaputra tarIke jAhera karI. eNe AMtaravyavasthA jamAMvI. AphrikAnA pUrva kinArA para caDAI karI peAtAnA vepArIone navAM ajArI karI ApyAM. AvIsa varSa sudhI rANIe DahApaNathI rAjya karyuM, tyArapachI enA dIkarAe pAtAnAM lazkarA dUra dezamAM deDAvavA mAMDayA. eNe pazcima

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kara eziyAmAM vijaya meLavyA. eNe bhUmadhyanI duniyAmAM mAlikI meLavI. eNe TheraThera gava| nImyA. duniyAnA itihAsamAM sAmrAjya AMdhavAmAM mahAsAgaranI zaktine oLakhanAra e pahelA rAjA hatA. eNe eka meTA dirayAI kAle taiyAra karyAM. pAsenA pUrva pradeza!para vepArI lUMTa calAvatAM enA vaDANA ghUmI vaLyAM. sIrIAmAMthI eNe dhananA DhagalA upADI ANyo. eNe ijIptane zaNagArAya eTale zaNagAryAM. enA rAjanA bhaMDArAmAM seAnArUpAnA DhagalA UbharAI javA lAgyA. pahelAM kAI divase hateA nahi evA vepAra thIbasamAM jAmI gaye!, pahelAM saMbhaLAtI naheAtI evI bhayaMkara cIseAvALA enA devaLA alidAne thI khadabadI UcAM, ane rAjA ane bhagavAnanA yaza gAtI mAratA gaganacuMbI banI rahI. e rAjAe bhUmadhya samudramAM peAtAnI saradArI sa`pUrNa anAvI dIdhI. enA pachI eka bIjo vijetA emenaheATapa nAmane thaye.. eNe paNa sIrIApara caDAI karI ane thIbasamAM sAta jIvatA rAjAone keda pakaDI ApyA. e sAtene eNe zAhI jharUkhAmAMthI UMdhe mAthe laTakAvyA ane temAMnA chane peAtAnA hAthe emeAna bhagavAnane bhega ApyA. A vijetAe!nA zAsanakALamAM cIbasanagara itihAsamAM ajoDa evuM bhavya banyuM, enAM bajAramAM vepArIonAM TALeDheLAM UbharAvA lAgyAM, enI imAratAmAM, enA makAneAmAM AkhI duniyAnA mAla UbharAyA. aneka nAnA rAjyeAmAMthI thIsanagaramAM kha'DIenA khajAnA ThalavAyA. enA zrIma`te!nA nA vadhAravA gulAmenA jUthanAM jAtha le!hI nIceAvI rahyAM. enA sAne maDhelA dAmAM biladAne nA lohI UbharAyAM. enA ArAmagAhI ane kriDAMgaNI mAlika le!kA mATe sukhacena ane rasanI relamachela UchALI rahyAM. evuM ijIptanuM rAja nagara thIbasa enA mADA visa pahelAM itihAsamAM bhavya UbhuM hatuM. paNa mahArAjyAnA vinAza lAvatA itihAsamAM IjIptanA pata

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nanA AMkaDA maMDAI cUkyA hatA. IjIptanA rAjanagara thI basanI manaraMjana vanarAjIone, mehaka ArAmagAhane, gaganacuMbI imAratene tathA UbharAI jatI dolatano tathA veDaphAI jatI zaktino vinAza nirmAI cUkyo hato. I. pU. 1288nI AsapAsano kALa hato. te vakhate rAmesIsa bIje rAjya karato hato. ItihAse enA jevo suMdara rAjA bhAgyeja joyA haze. e jeTaluM suMdara hato teTaloja bahAdura hatuM. jeTalo bahAdura hato teTalo ja premALa hato. eNe mAthA para tAja goThavI nubIA para caDhAI karI. nubIAnI sonAnI khANe para potAno adhikAra jamAvyo. ane IjIptanA bhaMDAro UbharAvI nAkhyA. eziyAnA je ilAkAoe svataMtra thavA mAthuM UMcakaryuM hatuM te saune eNe pharIvAra dAbI dIdhA. traNa varSa sudhI eNe pelesTAIna sAthe mukAbalo karyo. pelesTAInane namAvyuM ane lokone IjIsamAM gulAma tarIke pakaDI ApyA. e seMkaDe strIo sAthe paraNya. eNe pitAnI ghaNI dIkarIo sAthe paNa lagna karyuM. e maraNuM pAmyo tyAre pitAnI pAchaLa so dIkarAo ne pacAsa dIkarIo mUkatA gaye. enA pachI eka saikA sudhI lokee enA dIkarAomAMthI rAjAe pasaMda karavA mAMDyA. eNe karanAka AgaLa bhavya meTa raMgamaMDapa baMdhAvyo. luranuM vizALa madira caNAvyuM. eNe potAnuM kIrtimaMdira baMdhAvyuM. AnusAMbelA AgaLa eka meTa pirAmIDa baMdhAvyo ane AkhA pradeza para pitAnI mUrtio maDhAvI. eNe bhUmadhya ane suejhamAM vepArane pUrajozamAM dhIkato karyo. eNe nAIlathI rAtA samudra sudhI bIjI nahera baMdhAvI. e I. sa. pU. 1225 mAM maraNa pAmyA. enA pachIno kALa IjIptano patanakALa hatA. itihAsamAM be sattAo UbhI thaI hatI ane eka bIjA sAthe athaDAtI hatI. eka sattA rAjasattA hatI ane bIjI sattA

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34 dharmagurunI sattA hatI. atyAra sudhI rAjasattAe potAnA badhA vijaye bhagavAnanA nAmamAM karyA hatA. pitAnI badhI lUTe bhagavAnane caraNe dharI hatI. potAnI badhI katala devamaMdiramAM samarpaNa karI hatI. rAjasattAnA pazubaLa mAMDelA hatyAkAMDa ne lUMTaphATIne dharmagurue pavitra gaNu hatI. dharmaguruoe e sau anAcArane bhagavAnanI marajI tarIke lekhAvyA hatA. ane dharmaguruoe ja e pAzava paristhitine daivI banAvI hatI. enA badalAmAM dharmaguruone, devadevIone tathA maMdirane lUMTaphATemAM meTA hissA maLyA hatA. manuSyathI mAMDIne eka eka prANanAM balidAna bheTa dharAyAM hatAM. badhI jAtanA sukhacena ane ArAmanA sAdhano dharmanI jamAtane bakSIsa ApavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. ane suMdaramAM suMdara strIonA saMdhane dharmanA upabhoga mATe dAna devAmAM AvyA hatA. AthI pAzavI rAjasattA sAthe e pAzavabaLanI pUraka ane preraka evI dharmasattA paNa samAMtara rIte joradAra thatI hatI. rAjA rAmesIsa trIjAnA zAsanamAM e banne sattAonAM vibhavabaLa ane saMpatti zikhare pahoMcyAM hatA. ane eka bIjAnI harIpha evI e banne sattAnA svArtha judA paDatA hatA. ane bane sattAe chevaTano nikAla karavA eka bIjA sAthe mukAbale mAMDatI hatI. utpAdano karatA kAmadAra gulAme vadhAre ne vadhAre bhUkhamarAmAM sapaDAtA jatA hatA ane vadhAre ne vadhAre ugra bananA julma nIce kacaDAtA jatA hatA. bhagavAna ane rAjA benA vadhI gayelA peTamAM rokAI gayelI saMpattine lIdhe lokasamAja vadhAre ne vadhAre bhUkhe marato hato. vakhata jatAM emananA mukhya dharmagurue rAjasattA hAtha karI. rAjA ramakaDuM banyo. dharmanAM zAsana maMDAyA. ijIptanA dharmasAmrAjyamAM moTI imArata baMdhAvA mAMDI. aneka prakAranA vahemo phelAvA mAMDyA. rASTrajIvana saDI gayuM. dharmagurUne ekeeka

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nirNaya devI lekhAvA mAMDyo. ATaATalA hatyAkAMDa pachI ane balidAnonA DuMgara pachI nahi dharAyelAM devadevIe lokasamAjano bhoga levA lAgyAM. IjIptanuM lokajIvana devonI na chIpe tevI saLagatI tarasa nIce sUkAvA lAgyuM. itihAsanA kramamAM nAlAyaka nIvaDeluM ijIptanuM sAmrAjya vinAza tarapha kUca karatuM hatuM. enI badhI sarahada upara ene duzmana UbhA thatA hatA. bhUmadhya mahAsAgara para enI AbAdIne anurUpa evA bhaugalIka saMjogone lIdhe ene tyAM UbharAyelI dhAtuo ane dhananA DhagalAthI e pazcimamAM lIbIAnuM svAmI banyuM hatuM ane uttaramAM tathA pUrvamAM phInIzIA, sIrIA ane pelesTAIna para adhikAra jamAvI zakyuM hatuM. paNa have vepAranA paribaLe dizA badalatAM hatAM. vepAranA bIjA mArga para esIrIA, bebIlena ane IrAkamAM navI prajAe UgatI hatI. ane e prajAomAM joradAra thavAnI IcchAo jAgatI hatI. e prajAo zodhaLa karatI jatI ane sAhasika banatI jatI hatI. tathA e prajAono vepArI varga khAIbadelA IjIpzI ane sAthe vepAra ane udyogonI hariphAImAM Utarato hato. bhUmadhyanA uttara kinArA para saDo lAgu paDI cUkyo hato. ijIpta eno vepAra gumAvatuM hatuM. sonuM gumAvatuM hatuM. enI pAsethI enI sattA ane kaLA sarI paDatAM hatAM. enuM abhimAna paNa kamAtuM hatuM. eka pachI eka ene harIphe enI jamIna para UtarI paDatAM hatAM. ene verAna ane herAna karatAM hatAM. i. sa. pU. 954mAM Ichata para lIbIana loke pazcimanI rekarI parathI dhasI AvyA ane gussAthI IjIptanA lokepara tUTI paDyA. I. pU. 7raramAM yupIAnA loke dakSiNamAMthI paThA, ane pitAne gulAma banAvavA mATenuM jUnuM vera lIdhuM . pU. 6jamAM uttaramAMthI esIrIana loke UtarI paDyA. ane ijIptanA dharma

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rAjAone khaMDiyA banAvyA. i. sa. pUrve parapamAM sIrasanI saradArI nIce IrAnI lokee suejhane oLaMgI ane IjIptanI svataMtratAno aMta ANe. I. sa. pU. 332mAM sIkaMdara eziyAmAMthI IjIpta para AvyA ane IjIpta AkhAne mekeDenane eka kalAko banAvyA. i. pU. 48mAM IjIptanI navI rAjadhAnI elekajhAMDrIAne jItavA sIjhara Avyo. ane i. pU. 30mAM IjIpta romane eka ilAko banI gayuM, ane itihAsamAMthI adazya thayuM. lokajIvana khetIvADI ijIptanI jamInane ekeeka TukaDo rAjA hatA. ane jamInapara mahenata karanArA rAjAnI maherabAnIthI jamInano upayoga karatA jamInane kheDanArA kheDUto rAjAne dara varSe utpAdanane vIsa TakA jeTalo bhAga kara tarIke ApatA. meTA meTA amIro pAse jamInanA vizALa pradeza hatA. dareka umarAva ke zrImaMta pAse khUba delata hatI. ane dareka jamInadAre pAse seMkaDo gAyo tathA baLade hatA. jema Aje che tema tyAre pAMca hajAra varSa pahelAM paNa jamInanA kheDanArAonI dazA bhAre bUrI hatI. jema Aje che tema te samaye paNa jamInanA gulAmane khAvA jeTaluM mAMDa mAMDa maLatuM hatuM. te samayanI prAthamika dazAnI khetImAM utpAdanane adhI bhAga jaMtuo khAI jatAM, hoTemasa jevAM prANuo ghaNo meTe nAza karatAM, lUMTArAo paNa ochA nahotA. e badhAmAMthI pasAra thayA pachI kheDUto para kara ugharAvavA jamInadAra ane rAjAnA mANase kUdI paDatA. je kheDUte kara na ApI zakatA temane bAMdhIne pANImAM DUbADI devAmAM AvatA tathA kheDUtonI strIo tathA bALakAne beDIo paherAvI laI javAmAM AvatAM.

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37 e uparAMta jyAre jyAre rAjAne jarUra paDatI tyAre kheDUtene nahere davA mATe rastAo bAMdhavA mATe tathA rAjAnA bAge banAvavA mATe athavA te pirAmIDe para pattharo caDAvavA mATe tathA devaLo tathA rAjamahAlayanA bAMdhakAmamAM majUrI mATe baLajabarIthI ghasaDI javAmAM AvatA. A kheDUtomAM ghaNuMkharA laDAImAM jItAyelA gulAma hatA. e gulAme jema jema AvA jorajulamathI marI jatA hatA tema tema navA gulAme AvatA hatA. ghaNIvAra navA gulAme pakaDI lAvavA mATe bIjA dezomAM lazkara mokalavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. tathA puSkaLa saMkhyAmAM strI puruSo ane bALake pakaDI lAvavAmAM AvatAM. pachI gulAmonA bajAre maMDAtA ane gulAmenA baLa ane rUpa pramANe temanA zarIrenI harAjI bolAtI. Aje paNa gulAmonA bajAramAM UbhelA pIThapara baMdhAyelA hAthavALA tathA kaMThamAM lAkaDAnI beDIvALA gulAmonA citra IjIpzIyana saMskRtie patthara para katarI rAkhelAM jaDe che. udyoga e pramANe kheDUta banelA gulAmonI jAtamahenatathI mAlikaloka pAse dhananA bhaMDAra vadhavA lAgyA. te vadhArAnA mAlamAMthI mAlikaleke khetI sivAya bIjA udyogonA majUrane paNa pachI zake tema hatA. paNa udyogomAM khanIja padArthonI jarUra paDatI hatI, IjIptanI bhUmi pAse evA koI padArtha hatA nahi. eTale IjIpta arebIyA ane nubIyA para lazkare deDAvyAM. arebIA ane nabIAnI khanIja dolatapara rAjAnI mAlikI belAI gaI ane saikAo sudhI badhA khANanA udyoga para sarakArI ijAro dAkhala thayo. tAMbuM bahu moTA pramANamAM nahotuM. nubIAnA pUrva kinArA para sonAnI khANa jaDI AvI. e khANone khodanArA khANIAe davAnA hathiyAro ane divA sAthe pRthvInA

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38 aMdhArA peTamAM pesatA hatA. e khANIAenAM bALakA vajana~ dAra dhAtuone jamInamAMthI UMcakI lAvatAM hatAM. e khANIAenA DesADesI khANamAMthI nIkaLelI dhAtuone dhoIne ceAkhI karatAM. ijIptanI zrImaMtazAhIne temanA naphA mATe veDa karanArI manuSyanI jAtamahenata khUba sAMghI maLatI. jIptanA rAjAe pAse kedI tarIke mUMjhavatA ghaNA mANaseA hatA. e uparAMta emanI pAse laDAInA aneka kedIe hatA. evA yuddhanA kedIe peAtAnA kuTuMba sAthe pakaDAtA hatA. e kadI ene temanI strIe tathA bALA sAthe seAnAnI khANeAmAM majUrI karavA meAkalavAmAM AvatA. AvA gulAma anelA kAmadArA peAtAnA zarIranI saMbhALa laI zakatA nahi. emanA zarIrane DhAMkavA eke vastra apAtuM nahi. evA kAmadAranI bimArI ke zarIranI nALAI ke strIonI nAjukatA dhyAnamAM levAtAM nahi. paNa saune eka sAthe AThe paheAra susavatI cAbuke! nIce kAmamAM joDavAmAM AvatAM. evA kAmadAre!mAMthI sekaDe kAma karatAM marI jatAM hatAM. IjIpta tAMbA sAthe TInane bheLavI kAMsu' banAvatAM zIkhatuM hatuM. e dhAtunA yuddhamAM vaparAtAM hathiyAro tathA udyoganAM sAdhane banatAM hatAM. ijIptanA kAmadArA IMTA banAvatA hatA. mATInA vAsaNAne caLakatAM karatA hatA. kAca banAvatA hatA tathA judA judA raMgAnuM kAma karatA hatA. e loko lAkaDAnuM kAtarakAma sArUM karI jANatA hatA. vahANe, gADIe, khurazIo tathA palaMge tathA sUvAnuM mana thaI jAya evI maDApeTIe banAvatA hatA. prANIonAM cAmaDanAM vastro, DhAle!, eThakA vagere banAvatAM hatAM. ghaNI jAtanAM cappue banAvatA hatA tathA deraDAM, sAdaDIe ane kAgaLa paNa banAvatAM hatAM. tathA dhAtune judA judA DhALa caDhAvatA hatA. ane suMdara veranIza karatA hatA. e uparAMta e leAkeA kalAnA namUnA jevA tathA vaNATa itihAsamAM ajoDa evA bArIka

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39 taMtue vaNatA hatA. cAra hajAra varSo pahelAMnA evA namUnA ane jhINA vaNATanA taMtue Aje paNa sUkSma kAcathI jovA paDe che. ane AjanAM yaMtrAne vaNATa e hajAre varSoM parane! vaNATa sAthe sarakhAvatAM UtaratI jAtanA mAlama paDe che. vadhatA jatA udyoga sAthe ijIptanA svataMtra leAkeA paNa kArIgara anatA jatA hatA. vikAsa pAmatA udyoga sAthe dareka vepAra tathA dhe! Aje hiMdamAM che tevA varNo jamAvatA hatA ane eka varNamAM janmelAM bALakA peAtAnA bApadAdAnA dhaMdhA cAlu rAkhatA hatA. vepAra udyogone vikAsayuddhamAMthI AvatA gulAmeAnI mahenatathI AgaLa vadhatA jatA hatA. rAjA rAmesIsa trIjAe eTalA badhA gulAme! pakaDI ApyA hatA ke eNe eka lAkha tathA tera hajAra gulAme 'dareAne bheTa karyAM hatA. evA gulAma kAmadArAmAMthI kAmanA kheAjA nIce maraNa pAmavA uparAMta dhaNA gulAmeAne devanA balidAna tarIke vadherI devAmAM AvatA hatA. ijIptanI samRddhi vadhAranAra kAmadArA para satata cAlatA AvA dhAtakI tathA bhayaMkara vartAva sAme kAI kAI vAra ijIptanA kAmadAra pAkAra calAvatA tathA haDatAla para paNa jatA, evA ullekha ijIptanA itihAsamAMthI jaDI Ave che. eka vakhate te ijIptanA bhUkhe maratA kAmadAroe udyogeAnA eka meTA sthaLapara caDAI karI hatI. "ame bhUkha ane tarasanA mAryAM ahIM doDI AvyA chIe. amane kapaDAM Ape. amane tela Ape ane amane khArAka Ape," evA pekAre e kAmadAree karyAM hatA. grIka itihAsakArone evA ullekha che ke e gulAma kAmadArAe julme nahi sahuna thavAthI baLaveA jagAvyA hatA. eka moTA ilAkA jItI lIdhA hatA. ane te IlAkA para lAMbA vakhata sudhI peAtAne amala jArI rAkhyA hatA.

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40 IjIptamAM yaMtra ghaNAM ochAM hatAM kAraNake manuSyanI jAtamahenata dhaNI hatI. seMkaDe! phUTa lAMbA lAMbA meTA vahANA nAla nadI purI ane rAtA samudrapara karatAM hatAM, tathA bhUmadhyapara haMkArI jatAM hatAM ane ijIptA vahepAra dhamadheAkAra calAve jatA hatA. e vahANanA haMkAranAra hajAre gulAmeAnA hAtha maraNa pAmIne marI jAya tyAM sudhI halesAM mAryAM karatA. zarUAtamAM jamIna para mAla laI javA lAvavA mANasane upayegakaravAmAM AvatA. pachIthI jamInapara vepAra kheDavA mATe dheADA ane gadheDAne upayega karavAmAM AvatA. UMTa ghaNAM meADAM AvyAM. garIba leAkeA badhI musApharI page cAlIne karatA. mAlika leAkeA gulAme pAse rikSAe ke pAlakhIe kheMcAvatA hatA. vepAraudyogane khUba jarUrI evuM pesTakhAtuM ijIptamAM sArI rIte vikAsa pAmyuM hatuM. meTA rastAo dhaNA echA hatA ane bhayAnaka hatA. ijIptanA bArAmAM dUradUrathI vepArIe AvatA hatA ane nAIlanA badarAmAM mAlathI bharelAM meTAM meTAM vahANA laMgarAtAM hatAM. sarakAra rAjAe ane tenA umarAve tathA meTAmeTA vepArIe kAyadA ghaDatA hatA. badhA rAjavahIvaTA mATe khUba meTI saMkhyAmAM kArakune kAmakAja karatA hatA. tee vastIgaNatrI karatA tathA karaverA tapAsatA hatA. dIvAnI ane pheAjadArI kAyadAe khUba vikAsa pAmI rahyA hatA. aMgata milakatanA rakSaNa mATenA judA judA kAyadAe dhaDAyA hatA. adAlatamAM saune samAna gaNavAmAM AvatA. nyAyAdhize badhA kesa lakhAyo calAvatA hatA. kheATAM khata karanArane maraNanI zikSA thatI hatI. gunegArene manAvavA mATe judI judI yAtanAo yeAjavAmAM AvI hatI. kaTakA mAravAnI zikSA sAmAnya hatI. ghaNIvAra eka ke bIjAM aMga kApI nAkhavAmAM AvatuM. meTA gunegArene

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khANamAM majUrI karI marI javA mokalavAmAM AvatA tathA phAMsIe laTakAvAtA agara jIvatA saLagAvI mUkavAmAM AvatA. IjIptanI sauthI bhayaMkara zikSA jIvatA zarIrane dhIme dhIme kAcI temAM masAle bharavAnI hatI. IjIptanA badhA kAyadAone nizALAmAM zIkhavavAmAM AvatA tathA e kAyadAonI pavitratA jALavI rAkhavA dharmanAM pharamAna nIkaLatAM. sauthI vaDI adAlata rAjA pite hato. pIre nAmanA meTA raMgamaMDapamAMthI rAjA nyAya karato. rAjAnA vyaktitvane daivI lekhavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. rAjasevAmAM meTA moTA aMgarakSake ane senApatio hAjara rahetA. nIti rAjA pitAnI bena ke dIkarI sAthe paNa lagna karI zakato. IjIpamAM bhAI ane bena e zabdo gujarAtImAM vaparAtA priya ane priyatamA evA zabdone maLatA Ave che. rAjA pitAnI benene paraNato te uparAMta enA aMtaHpuramAM seMkaDe gulAma strIo rAkhavAmAM AvatI. tathA rAjAnA umarAvo pitAnI dIkarIe rAjAne bheTa tarIke mekalatA. A badhA uparAMta bIjA mulakamAMthI paNa ghaNuM strIe rAjAne najarANAmAM mekalavAmAM AvatI. sAmAnya lokomAM sAmAnya rIte eka strI paraNavAmAM AvatI. potAne bevaphA jaNAtI koI paNa strIne koI paNa jAtane badalo ApyA sivAya puruSa kADhI mUkI zakato. paNa teja rIte puruSanI strI taraphanI vaphAdArI sapta rAkhavAmAM AvatI. strIone kAyadAnA badhA hakko hatA. strIo potAnA mitrone chUTathI maLI zakatI hatI. ane jAhera rIte khANamAM jaI zakatI hatI. strIo vepAraudyogamAM paNa chUTathI bhaLI zakatI hatI. strIonI AvI svataMtratA joIne te samaye IjIptamAM grIka vepArIo Azcaryacakita thaI jatA hatA. strI potAnI milakata rAkhI zakatI hatI ane potAnI IcchA mujaba vAraso ApI zakatI hatI. gharamAM puruSa sAthe strI paNa badhI rIte hakaka

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dAra hatI, eTaluM ja nahIM paNa badhI milakata strInA nAma para cAlatI hatI. AnA mULamAM eka e vastu paNa che ke te potAnI bahena sAthe paraNatA hatA, ane te rIte strI puruSanA milakata ane bIjA saMbaMdhamAM samAnatA sacavAI rahetI. IjIptanI strIonuM ekeeka bALaka kAyadesara manAtuM hatuM. arthAta sarakAra bALahatyA karanAra koI paNa strI pAse marelA bALakane traNa divasa ane traNa rAta hAthamAM UMcakAvI rAkhavAnI zikSA karatI. bhAIo ane bahene eka sAthe paraNu zaktAM hovAthI ane bALakonuM rakSaNa sAruM thatuM hovAthI IjIptanA kuTuMbo vizALa banatAM hatAM tathA jhUMpaDIo tathA mahelamAM bALako UbharAtAM jatAM hatAM. zrImaMta lokone eTalAM badhAM bALaka thatAM hatAM ke ghaNIvAra e loke bALakonI gaNatrI paNa rAkhI zakatA. nahatA. e rIte nItinI daSTie IjIptanI saMskRti taddana judI hatI ane ijIptanA nItinA vahema paNa Aje ApaNe tyAM che te karatAM taddana judI rItanA hatA. dhama Akho ijIptano ItihAsa enA dharmane itihAsa che. IjIptanA lekajIvananA vikAsanA ekeeka kSetramAM dharmanuM svarUpa camuM joI zakAya che. ijIptanAM sarakAra, sAhItya ne kalA tathA jIvananI eke eka rIta bhAta dhArmika raMgathI raMgAyelI che. iptanA mAnavajIvanano abhyAsa karavA mATe emanA devadevInAM jIvanane paNa ApaNe abhyAsa kare paDe che. zarUAtamAM AkAza ane nAIla beja hatAM, ema ijIptane dharma bele che. AkAzanI vacamAM eka moTI gAya UbhI hatI ke je hera devI hatI. enA paga nIce pRthvI hatI ane enA peTa para daza hajAra tArAo UgyA hatA. AkAza paNa zibu-nAmane eka bhagavAna hate. pRthvI nIla nAmanI eka devI hatI. e devadevInA saMyogathI badhA prANIo ane padArtha utpanna thayA che. sauthI

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jUne deva caMdra che ane sauthI moTA sUraja che. sUrajanuM nAma rA hatuM. A uparAMta ijIptane dharma jIvanane eke eka svarUpane. pUjatA hatA ane pavitra mAnato hato. ghaNI vanaspatIo IjIptanA lokone mana khUba pavitra hatI. ane keTalA prANIo emanA deva hatA. ijIptanI eka noma eka prANIne bhajatI to bIjI bIjAne bhajatI. evA pUjAne pAtra TharelA prANIo Akhale, magara, bAja, gAya, haMsa, gheTuM, bakaruM, bilADI, kutaruM, maragha, ziyALa, sApa, vigere hatAM. e prANIo devaLamAM TathI pharI zaktAM hatAM. jema jema IjIptanA lokono Arthika vikAsa thato gaye, jema jema enAM jIvananA sAdhane vadhatAM gayAM, tema tema enA devadevIo paNa badalAtAM gayAM. IjIptanA devadevIo have prANIo maTI ardhA manuSya banyA hatAM. e devadevIonuM adhuM zarIra prANuonuM baneluM hatuM. ghaNIvAra evA ardhA pazu ane ardhA manuSya devane strI saMyoga mATe strIonA balidAna devAmAM AvatAM. dhIme dhIme AgaLa vadhatA ijIptamAM devonA pazusvarUpe adazya thatAM gayAM ane devadevIoe manuSyanA zarIra dhAraNa karavA mAMDyAM. jema dareka dharmanI zarUAtamAM hoya che tema ijIptanA dharmamAM paNa liMga pUjA jAtIya pUjA hatI. IjIptanA. leke prajotpAdanazaktine pUjatA hatA. e pUjAnA pratIka jevAM Akhalo ane bakaro hatAM. e banne pazuo esIrIsa eTale. sUrya devatAnA svarUpa hatA. e sIrIsa devatAnA e svarUpanAM liMganA saraghaso nIkaLatAM tathA khAsa karIne ijIpzIana strIo tenI pUjA karatI. chevaTe devadevIo manuSya banyA. athavA te manuSyae. pitAnA AkAramAM potAnA devadevIonuM sarjana karyuM. ijIptanA devadevIo manuSyanA AkAramAM khaDAM thayAM. e devadevIonI AkRtie manuSyanA mAMsala deha jevI banAvavAmAM AvI. A devadevIo.

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bhUkhyA thatAM hatAM, ne khAtAM hatAM. tarasyA thatAM hatAM ne pANuM pItAM hatAM. prema karatAM ne saMbaMdha karatAM hatAM. dhikkAratAM hatAM ne eka bIjAne mArI nAMkhatAM hatAM. gharaDA thatAM hatAM ne marI jatAM hatAM. nAIlamAM pANI Ave tyAre sauthI maTe deva esIrIsa janamata hato. ane nAIlanAM pANuM eAsarI jAya tyAre enA maraNane utsava UjavAte hato. badhAM devadevIomAM sauthI moTI mAtA isIsa hatI. sauthI meTA bhagavAna esIrIsanI e vaphAdAra bahena ane strI hatI. eNe prema dvArA maraNane jItyuM hatuM. nAIla nadInA pradezane esIrIsa aDakato ane e pradeza enA sparzamAtrathI garbha dhAraNa karato. te gUDha evI utpAdana zaktinI pratIka hatI. jevI hindamAM kAlImAtA che. eziyAmAM izatara ane sIberI che. grIsamAM DImITara che ane sIrIsa che. tevI e IjIptanI IsIsa hatI. A sIrIsa ane isIsanuM joDakuM ijIptanA devadevIomAM sarvoparI hatuM. esIrIsanA mAthApara bAja pakSI hatuM. enA kapALamAMthI sApa nIkaLato hato. rAjA paNa evo deva gaNatA hatA. dharmanA AvA pracaMDa kamaThANamAM ijIptanA dharmaguruo rAjyanA staMbha banyA hatA ane lokonA sAmAjika jIvananA cekIdAra banyA hatA. dharmaguruonuM pada vArasAgata banyuM hatuM. ane rAjakuTuMba jevuM khUba vistAra pAmyuM hatuM. devone apAtA balidAnanA DhagalA dharmague ArogatA hatA tathA de mATe taiyAra thayelA moTA vizALa maMdiramAM rahetA hatA. devaLane aMge rAkhavAmAM AvatI maTI jamInanA moTA pradezo para gulAme pAse khetI karAvatA hatA. nizALe calAvatA hatA ane davAo karatA hatA tathA jAduthI tathA camatkArothI lokone DarAvatA hatA. A dharmane eka moTA ane gUDha minArA jevo pirAmIDa UbhA hate. IjIptanI dolata, zakti ane kauzalyane e khyAla

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Apate hato. cha mAIla sudhI patharAone pAtharavA ane keTalAe Tana sudhInA patharAne pAMcaso phITa sudhI UMce laI javA tathA e badhI veTha karatA lAkho gulAmene khorAka ApI vIsa varSa sudhI kAma karAvavuM e badhI IjIptanI vizALatAnA pUla khyAlo ApatI pracaMDa paNa vAstava vAto che. e bAMdhakAma pAchaLa dharmanA amarapaNAnI (Immorality) bhAvanAno khyAla Ave che. marI gayelA zarIrane e rIte pirAmIDamAM saMbhALI rAkhavAmAM AvatAM.. IjIptano dharma mAnato hato ke manuSyanA zarIramAM ene AtmA hoya che, e kA athavA AtmA marato nathI. ane maraNa pachI eka jhADaparathI bIjA jhADapara UDI zake che. je marI gayelA zarIrane jALavI rAkhavAmAM Ave to AtmA emAM vasI zake che ane esIrIsa bhagavAnanI dayAthI, marelA manuSyanA pApa dhovAI gayA pachI marI gayeluM manuSya svarganA bagIcAmAM jaI zake che. evA khyAlathI IjIptanA mRtazarIrane dharmaguruo dhArmika kriyAthI pirAmIDamAM mUkAvatA hatA ane zarIra sAthe khAvAnA khorAkanA DhagalA, pINuM tathA nekare paNa mUkavAmAM AvatAM, e uparAMta devane priya evA jaMtro mUkavAmAM AvatAM. marelAM mAchalAM, gIdha, sApa paNa mUkavAmAM AvatA. dharmaguruoe lakhelI judI judI jAtanI prArthanAnAM pustake mUkavAmAM AvatAM. - vijJAna IjIptanA ghaNAkharA vidvAno dharmaguruo hatA. kAraNa ke e lekene ja maMdiranA ArAmagAhamAM ane jIvananAM sAdhanonI puSkaLatAmAM vicAra karavAne maLatuM hatuM. IjIptanA ItihAsamAM gaNitazAstra khUba vikAsa pAmeluM jaNAya che. pirAmIDanA cokkasa mApa ane AkAro gaNitavidyAne vikAsa sUcave che. IjIptanA gaNitanA AMkaDA judI jAtanA hatA. ekaDA mATe eka cinaha

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hatuM, bagaDA mATe be cinha hatAM ane navaDA mATe nava TapakAM hatAM. e rIte saMkhyA sAthe TapakAMnI saMkhyA vadhatI jatI hatI. dazakanI saMkhyA TapakAMthI judI jAtanI hatI. dazalAkhanI saMkhyAnuM cinha hAtha vaDe mAthuM phUTatA mANasa jevuM hatuM. navasa -navANuM lakhavA mATe e leke satAvIsa jAtanA cinha karatA hatA. e leke pAse apUrNa ka hatA paNa aMzamAM haMmezAM eka ja rAkhatA hatA jethI traNa caturthAMza lakhavA mATe temane prema lakhavuM paDatuM. ijIptanuM bhUmitI zAstra cerasanAM vartuLAnAM ane ghananAM mApa kADhatuM hatuM. | pAIne cihanI kiMmata e lokoe 3.16 AMkI hatI. Aje ApaNe cAra hajAra varSomAM 3.16 thI 3-1416 vadhyA chIe. IjIptanA padArtha vijJAna, rasAyaNa vijJAna tathA khagoLazAstra viSe ApaNe ghaNuM jANIe chIe. pRthvIne IjIptanA leke eka aSTakoNIA peTI jevI dhAratA ane parvatenA TekA para AkAza UbhuM che ema mAnatA hatA. grahaNanI neMdha e loko rAkhatA na hatA. sUraja kyAre Ugaze ane nAIla nadIne pANI kyAre caDhaze eTalAM mApa e lokonI pAse cokkasa hatAM. A badhA vijJAnane dharmaguruo gUDhaga vidyAo mAnatA hatA. evuM jJAna sAmAnya lekene ApavAmAM pApa mAnatA hatA. zarIravijJAnanuM jJAna IjIptane marelAM zarIramAM mazAlo pUravAthI thayuM hatuM. te loko ema dhAratA hatA ke jemAM lohI phare che te dhorI nasamAM havA pANI ane bIjA pravAhI padArtho pharatA hatA. hRdaya ane AMtaraDAMmAM magaja hatuM. hADakAM viSe e lekIne cakkasa jJAna hatuM. ijIptamAM zarIra vijJAna sAthe vaidakIya jJAna paNa sAruM hatuM. e zAstranI zarUAta jAdumAMthI thaI hatI. davAnI TIkaDIo karatAM gaLAmAM paheravAnAM mAdaLiyAM vadhAre pracalita hatAM. zaradI maTADavA mATe maMtra bolavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. tema chatAM paNa I. sa. 5, 1600 varSa pahelAM ijIptamAM vADhakApanuM vijJAna vikAsa pAmyuM hatuM. magaja nI sAthe udaya satAnI TIkaDIe

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47 cikitsA ane nidAna pachI vADhakApa karavAmAM AvatI hatI. ijIptanA pirAmIDAmAM pUrI rAkhavAmAM AvelA mRta zarIrezanA abhyAsa parathI jaNAya che ke ijIptanA leAkAne kareDanA kSayane!, patharIne, bIAne, pakSAdhAtane, enemIyA, gAuTa tathA epenDIsAITIsaneA ane evA bIjA Aje thAya che tevA rAge thatA hatA. ijIptanA leAkAne sIjhIlIsa ane kensara jevA jAtIya roga thatA hAya ema dekhAtuM nathI. kadAca enuM kAraNa strI puruSanI jAtIya svataMtratAne lIdhe hAya. kalA khAtA hatA. ijIptanI zilpakaLA prAcIna kaLAomAM sauthI vadhAre uttama che. kamarAne ane rAte zaNagAravAthI enI zarUAta thAya che. ghaNAMkharAM ghare mATInAM hatAM ane chAparAM lAkaDAnAM hatAM. dhare!nI AsapAsa bhAgabagIcA hata!. zaheramAM garImeka mATe rahevAnA ghara hatA. nahi paNa jAhera agamagIcAo hatA. leke! khurazIone badale raga ane sAdaDIenA upayAga karatA hatA. jAApAnIsa leAkAnI peThe ijIptanA leke cha phITa UMcA Tebala para khAvAnuM vakhata jatAM gAdIvALI khurazI para beThelA zrImAne eka pachI eka kALiyA laine gulAmeA khavarAvatA hatA. dharmIguruo, rAjAe! ane amIra umarAvAnA dhare pattharanA anelAM hatAM. pirAmIDanA AMdhakAmamAM aikayanI UNapa tathA vizALatAnuM jora mAlama paDe che ane tepaNa e AMdhakAmamAM bhavyatA, udAttatA, jAheAjalAlI tathA sattAnA khyAla najare paDe che. zilpanA adbhuta AkaSaNA jevA pattharaparanA zaNagAra paNa ajoDa hatA. duniyAnA itihAsamAM ijIptanA zilpIe sauthI vadhAre mahAna che. e zilpIee manuSya ne pazunA AkAravALAM devadevIonAM amara svarUpe pattharamAM sarajyAM che. rAjAenA prabhAvazALI citrA pattharamAM cItaryo che. citrAmAM tarI AvatI sattA te bhavyatA Aje paNa

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48 AchAM thayAM nathI. Aje sthira UbhelAM ane jaDa jevAM jaNAtA e citrAmAM UtAravAmAM AveluM hAsya ane mananA judA judA bhAve pAMca hajAra varSe paNa jevAM te tevAM meAbUda che. paNa dhIme dhIme kaLAnI aMdara dharmanI virUpatA pesatI gaI lAge che. haMmezA AgaLa vadhavAne badale ne vahetI rahevAne badale kaLA rUDhigrasta ane gUMgaLAtI banI gaI hatI. te chatAM paNa IjIptanuM zilpa ane kaLA jIiptanI kaLAnA mukhya aMge che. duniyAnA itihAsamAM kAI paNu prajAe peAtAnI divAle! upara ATalI sarasa rIte peAtAne itihAsa cItaryAM nathI. zarUAtamAM kaMTALA upajAve evA sAmyathI thatA mApa ane 'paraspekaTIva'nI gerahAjarIthI ApaNA kaLAkArane kadAca AdhAta thAya ane ApaNA citrakArAne ijIptanA citrAnI khUba mATI AMkhe, khUba AgaLa AvelA caherAe tathA stana joI ne ane nAka, haDapacI tathA paga khUba sakAca pAmatA joIne kaMTALA Upaje paNa e tA ijIptanI zarUAtanI kaLA hatI. AgaLa jatAM RjIptanI citrakaLAne vikAsa ApaNe joI zakIe chIe. ApaNe mahAsAgaranA esaratA pANImAM kUca karatA vahANA dekhIe chIe. vahANAne calAvatA gulAme| dekhIe chIe. caLakI rahelA rAjAo ane lekAthI AvakAra pAmelA vahANAne baMdara para laMgaratA dekhIe chIe. ane veTha karatAM gulAmene namI gayelI kraDA para kheAjo laI mAla UtAratA joI e chIe. e rIte ijIpte peAtAnA dharmanA ane rAjAone itihAsa paNa patthara para lakhI rAkhyuM che,

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prakaraNa 4 bebIleniyA saMskRtinA vaheNane krama e kalahamaya che. e kalaha jIvanano mRtyu sAthe kalaha che. e kalaha jIvanane jUnA svarUpane phekI daI navA svarUpane dhAraNa karI jIvanane TakAvI rAkhe che. tevo saMskRtine kalahamaya pravAha sumeriyAthI IjIpta pahoMcyA. IjIptathI bebIlona ane bebIlonathI juDIA ane nInIveha pahoMce. ane tyAMthI pasapolIsa, sADaza ane mileTasamAM thaI rAmane kinAre Utaryo. Aje bebIlonanA khaMDero para najara nAkhI koI paNa bhAgyeja ema kahI zake ke e saLagatA verAna pradeza upara yuphreTIsanA kinArA para eka vakhate sattAvAna ane zrImaMta evuM saMskRtinuM pATanagara vasatuM hatuM ke jeNe khagoLazAstrane janmAvyuM hatuM. vaidakazAstrane vikasAvyuM hatuM ane bhASAnuM zAstra sthApI moTA meTA kAyadAonI hAramALA ghaDI kahADI hatI tathA grIka lokone gaNita, padArthavijJAna ane tatvaciMtana zIkhavyAM hatAM. yahudIone daMtakathA bhaNAvI hatI. ane Abene vijJAna ane zilpakaLAthI

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jagADayA hatA. jema IjIptamAM nAIla hatI tema bebInamAM TIgrIsa ane yuTIsanAM pANuM hajAre mAIla sudhI jamInane phaLadrupa banAvatAM hatAM ane vahepArane vikasAvatAM hatAM. itihAsanI draSTie belIniyA e akADIana ane sumeriyana lekene saMgama hato. emanA saMbaMdhathI bebIlonI AnA ke jamyA. e bemAMthI akADIana leke AgaLa AvyA ane loara mesepiTemiyAnuM pATanagara bebIlona banyuM. itihAsanI zarUAtamAM hemurAbInuM I. pU. ra123nuM citra najare caDhe che. eNe teMtAlIsa varSa rAjya karyuM. e eka vijetA hatA ane kAyadA ghaDanAra hatuM. enA ItihAsanA ullekha ene eka buddhimAna ane saLagatA juvAna tarIke citra che. raNabhUmimAM e vaMToLiyo banate hate. ane enI sattA nIce saune cagadI nAMkhato hato. enA duzmanonA aMga cIrI nAMkhate hato. dUra dUra evA parvato para kUca karato hato ane eNe ApelA vacananuM barAbara pAlana karato hato. bIjI vAta eNe racelA kAyadAonI che. e kAyadA 1902 mAM susA AgaLa khodI kADhavAmAM AvyA hatA. mosesanA kAyadAonI jema e kAyadAe svargamAMthI ghaDAIne mekalavAmAM AvyA hatA. jema zivAjIne bhavAnIe talavAra ApI hatI tema sAmAsa bhagavAne hemurAbIne hAthe hAtha kAyadAo ApyA hatA. e kAyadAonI zarUAta devane vaMdana karavAthI thAya che. paNa te pachI e kAyadAmAM devanuM nAma nathI AvatuM, khUba buddhimAna e kAyadAo sAthe bhayaMkara zikSAo joDavAmAM AvI che. badhA maLIne 285. kAyadAo, aMgata milakata, cogya milakata, vahepAra udyoga, kuTuMba, nukazAne tathA zramanA mathALA heThaLa goThavavAmAM AvyA che.

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51 nIcenA zabdo sAthe hemurAbI e kAyadAonI pothIone pUrI kare che. "huM zAsaka ane vAlI chuM. mArA hadamAM sumara ane akaDanA loko vase che. mArA DahApaNuthI sattAvAna leke garIbone na raMjADe tevI rIte badhA lokone vaza vartAvuM chuM. anAtha ane vidhavAone nyAya ApuM chuM. je koI du:khI hoya ane jene koIne phariyAda karavAnuM kAraNa hoya te mArI nyAyamUrti sAme Avaje, mArA lakhelAM smAraka vAMcaje, mArA vajanadAra zabdo tarapha dhyAna Apaje. ema karavAthI mArA smArake tene buddhi Apaze ane pitAno dAvo samajAvaze ane te bUma pADI uThaze ke hemurAbI lokone bApa jevo che. teNe haMmeza cAle evuM lokakalyANakArI taMtra sthApyuM che ane dezane koIpaNa jAtanA dUSaNa vinAnI sarakAra ApI che." e haimurAbInA hukamathI kIza ane IrAnanA akhAta sudhI eka meTI nahera davAmAM AvI hatI. e rIte dakSiNanAM nagarane rakSaNa ApavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. ane jamInanA meTA pradezane phaLadrupa banAvavAmAM Avyo hato. eNe meTAmeTA maMdire ane killAo bAMdhyA hatA tathA dharmaguru ane devA mATe dhananA bhaMDAra bharI rAkhavA mATe meTAmeTA kAra caNAvyA hatA. kAramAMthI eNe kAyado ane vyavasthA sAcavanAra lazkare UbhA karyA hatAM ane rAjanagara zaNagAyuM hatuM. yukreTIsanA banne kinArA para nagarane vasavATa karAvavA eNe nadI para pUla bAMdhyo. Izu pahelAM be hajAra varSa upara bebIlenanA itihAse Aja sudhI kadI na joyelI evI samRddhi dhAraNa karI hatI. paNa je samRddhine saMrakRti lAve che te ene nAza paNa kare che. kAraNa ke samRddhithI zaNagAra ane ezaArAma paNa vadhe che.

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para ane samRddha aneAleA nAne sarakhA samAja vilAsa tarapha vaLe che. ane e samRddhi sarjanArA zramajIvI samAja bhUkhamarA tarapha jAya che. e rIte samAjanA ane vargI nabaLA bane che ane khIjA pradezAnA vadhAre majabuta hAthe! tathA vadhAre tINA dAMtA majabuta AkramaNa kare che. emIleAnanuM paNa tevuMja thayuM. enI pUrva sarahadapara vastA kesITasa nAmanA ucca pradezanA leke ekhIleAnanA dhana para IrSAnI najarathI joI rahyA hatA. hemurAkhInA maraNa pachI ArTa varSe e leAkAe ekhIleAna para peAtAnAM AkramaNe zarU karyAM. ghaNA varSo sudhI ekhIleAnanI kaLA ane vijJAna aTakI gayAM. chase varSanA zAsana pachI khIjI vAra mekhIlenanA leAkeAe kaisITasa leAkeAne hAMkI kADhavA. cArase varSa aMdhAdhuMdhInAM pasAra thai gayAM, ane tyAra pachI esIrIAnI UgatI sattAoe uttaramAMthI peAtAnA hAtha ebIleAniyA para lakhAvyA ane tene nInIvehanI rAjAnI sattA nIce ANyA. tyAra pachI ceDAMka varSoM mIDIsa leAkeAe esIriyAne nabaLuM karyuM. ane te leAkAnI madadathI ekhIleniyAnA rAjA khApeAlAsAre khekhIleAnI Ane svataMtra karyuM ane e rAjAnA maraNa pachI nebuceDarejhara khIje nAmaneA rAjA gAdI para Avye. ane ekhIleAnanA mUkhya bhagavAna mAraDukane prArthanA karI ke mArA jIvana jeTalI ja huM mArI buddhine cAhuM chuM. tArA hukamathI huM ALu mAraDuka mArA rAjamahAlaya amara tape!. mArAM putraparivArA khUba vadhe! ane huM duniyAnA adhA rAjAe pAsethI khaMDaNI meLavI AkhI manuSya jAtane! rAjA banuM." enI AzAone anurUpa evuM eNe jIvana vavA mAMDayuM. e abhaNa rAjA samIpapUrvamAM sauthI vadhAre zikatazALI rAjA thaye|. sauthI meATA yeddo banyA ane hemurAkhI karatAM e caDhI jAya evA rAjakAraNI ane pracaMDa mAratAne caNAvanAra thayA. jyAre ijIpte ekhIloniyAne jItavAnuM esIriyA sAthe kAvatru

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53 karyuM. tyAre. tethyuseDarejhare karyuMmIza AgaLa ijIptanA lazkarone kApI nAkhyAM. pelesTAina ane sIriyAne tAbe karyAM. ane ebIkSeAniyAnA vahepArIe mATe pazcima eziyAnA tathA irAnanA akhAtanA tathA bhUmadhya samudranA badhA rastAo! khullA karyAM. hIreDeTasa jeNe enI rAjadhAnI joI hatI teNe e rAjadhAnInuM varNana karyuM che ke e rAjAnu pATanagara eka meTA vizALa medAna para UbhuM che. enI AsapAsanI divAla cchappana mAIla lAMbI che ane eTalI teA paheALI che ke enA mAthA para thaI te cAra gheADA joDekSeA ratha doDI zake. e divAle ase cAraso mAIla jeTale pradeza vIMTI lIdhe che. tathA e pATanagaranI vacamAM thaIne yukreTIsa nadI vahe che. e nadInA kinArA para meTAmeTA nALiyerInA jhADa che, tathA e nadInA pANI vahepArInA meTA meTA vahANathI DhaMkAyalAM rahe che. tathA e nadIpara suMdara pUla nAkhavAmAM AvyA che. pATanagara tarapha AvatA kAI paNu musAphara sauthI pahelAM eka meTA IMTAnA pata caNyA hoya evA se! pacAsa pITa UMcA senAthI maDhAyale! sAta mALavALe rAjamahAlaya jue che. enA AgalA raMgamaMDapamAM devAnA AnaMda upabhAga mATe dara rAtre judI judI suMdara strIo sUve che. pirAmIDathI paNa UMcI evI A imArata eelanA TAvara tarIke oLakhAtI hatI. enI dakSiNe mArajhukanu rAkSasI maMdira UbhuM hatuM. e maMdiranI AsapAsa AkhuM nagara patharAyuM hatuM. ane nagaranI madhyamAM vahepAra udyogathI dhamadhamI UThelAM evAM ajArA AvyAM hatAM. maMdira tarapha javA mATe eka khAsa rastA caNavAmAM AvyA hatA. e raste devA mATe hatA. e rastApara thaI ne devadevIe jAya che ema leAkA mAnatA hatA. e rastA para me!TA meTA ekasesa vIza siMhA ghUrakatA citarAyalA

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14 nAnA UbhA hatA. e siMhe zilAnA banelA hatA ane kAI apavitra paga e rastApara na paDe tenI ceAkI karatA hatA. e rastAnA aMtapara judA judA citrAthI maDhAyalA stara daravAjo AvyA hatA. eelanA minArAthI chasevAra dUra eka meTI TekarI AvI hatI. e TekarInA madhyamAM rAjAnu raheThANa hatuM. e raheThANanuM taLiyuM pattharanuM hatuM. enA pravezadvArapara rAkSasI kadanA siMhA UbhA hatA. e raheThANune karatA duniyAnI ajAyabI jevA jhUlatA bAgA hatA. e bagIcAonI upara suMdara phUlajhADa hatAM tathA pANInA meTA jharA hatA. pattharanA meTAmeTA minArAemAM satAyalAM meTAM meTAM hAiDrelIka enjIneAne gulAmeA calAvatA hatAM ane eTalI UMcAi para yukreTIsa nadInAM pANI bagIcAne navaDAvatAM hatAM. jamInathI pace tera kITa UMcI e jhUlatI vanarArAjIonI ghaTAmAM bhurakheA nAkhyA vinA rAjAnI sekaDA rANIo haratI pharatI hatI. ane e vizALa bagIcAenI nIce zerIe.mAM vahepArIe karatA hatA. majUrA kAma karatA hatA. udyoge! cAlatA hatA. daMtakathA ema kahe che ke rAjA nebuceDarejhara khUba lAMkhe! samaya rAjya karyA pachI, pATanagarane zaNagAryA pachI, vahepArane vikasAvyA pachI, devene, dharmaguruone saMtApyA pachI, mahAlayA, devaLe te bAgabagIcA baMdhAvyA pachI gAMDA thaI gaye.. eNe peAtAnI jAtane eka pazu mAnavA mAMDI. cAra page cAlavA lAgyA ane dhAsa khAvA lAgyA. I. sa. pU. 562 mAM maraNa pAmyA. kadAca e daMtakathAnA artho evA paNa hAya ke mAnavasa'hAra karI aDhaLaka samRddhi pAmeluM ekhIleniyA enA vilAsamAM unmatta thaI gayuM heAya. eNe cUMthI nAkheluM enA gulAma, kAmadArA ane kRSikAranuM jIvana enI sAme UchaLI UThayuM hAya. bhUkhamarAthI ane aNuthI nabaLA paDelA ebIleAniyAnA jIvana para AsapAsanAM bIjA piLe dhasI AvyAM heAya ane

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vinAza pAmatA vikrALa pazunI jema bebIlenanI saMskRti khaMDita thatI gaI hoya. e daMtakathAno artha game te he paNa nebuzeDarejharanA maraNa pachI trIsa varSe enA sAmrAjyanA TukaDA thaI gayA. enA lazkaramAM bhaMgANa paDyAM. enA vahepArI vahepArane mATe AkhI duniyAnI bajAro jItavAnA mehamAM dezanuM rakSaNa bhUlI gayA. enA sattAvAna leke AnaMdanA zakhamAM yuddhanI kaLA visarI gayA. enA dharmaguruo vadhArene vadhAre akarAMtiyA banyA. eka vakhate zatruone paDakAratA bebIloniyAnA saradAra para kALanI nAbate vAgI rahI. sIrasanI saradArI nIce irAnanA lakAe enA daravAjA khakhaDAvyA. bebIlone IrAnanuM svAmItva svIkAryuM. baso varSa sudhI irAne bebIleniyA para adhikAra rAkhyo. tyAra pachI bebIlonanA bAraNAM sikaMdare ThakyAM. teNe AkhuM samIpapUrva jItI lIdhuM, ane nebuceDarejharanA rAjamahAlayamAM pIvAya teTale dArU pIdho.

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prakaraNa 5 leAkajIvana vahepAra udyoga khetIvADI zarUAtamAM elIleAniyAnA pradezano mATeA bhAga jaMgalI ane bhayAnaka hatA. ane ajagara tathA sApathI UbharAtA hatA. eITrAniyAnA rAjAe vAdha ane dIpaDAnA ane siddha ane sApeAnA zikArane peAtAnA zeAkha banAvyeA hateA. saMskRtinI zarUAte zikArathI jaMgalane jItavuM paDe che. ane saMskRtinA AgaLa vadhatAM vaheNu zikAra pachI bAkI rahelAM prANInI mitrAcArI sAdhe che. tathA e prANIonA ane manuSyanA zramathI khetIvADI ane vahepAra nIpajAve che. ekhIleniyAnI zarUAtanI khetI haLathI thatI hatI. haLane khaLado kheMcatA hatA. emIloniyAnI jamInanA mAlikA meTA mATA jamInadAra hatA. khekhIleAniyAnI jamIna kheDanArA gulAme hatA. ijIptanI jema khekhIleniyAnI jamInapara nadInA pANI patharAI jatAM naheAtAM. nadInA pANIthI rakSavA mATe dareka khetaranI

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G AsapAsa moTI meTI pALo UbhI karavAmAM AvI hatI jemAMnI thoDI Aje paNa jovAmAM Ave che. nadInA UbharAI jatAM pANI naheramAM bharAI rahetAM athavA taLamAM saMgharavAmAM AvatAM. e pANIne pALa para besI kheDUto UMcA nIcA thatA vAMsapara laTakAvelI DelothI khetaramAM reDatA. nebuceDarejhare khetIvADIne samRddha karavA aneka nahera baMdhAvI hatI tathA ekasone cAlIsa cerasa mAIla jeTalAM taLAva baMdhAvyAM hatAM. Aje paNa mesepeTemiyAmAM A naheranAM khaMDera dekhAya che. A rIte phaLadrupa banelI mesopoTemiyAnI jamIna aneka jAtanAM phaLaphUla, kaThoLa, khajUra tathA anAje pakavatI hatI. bebIleniyAnA lokene roTalI, bhAkharI ane madha khAvA maLatAM hatAM. mesopoTemiyAmAM grIsa ane remamAMthI drAkSa ane elIva AvyAM hatAM. irAnamAMthI pIja AvyA hatA. dUdha paNa puSkaLa hatuM. mAMsa khUba ochuM hatuM ane kharcALa hatuM tethI te zrImaMtene ja maLatuM paNa mAchalAMnI pedAza eTalI badhI hatI ke garIbamAM garIba leke paNa te khAI zakatAM. udyoga e sAthe sAthe bebIloniyAnA mAlike gulAma majUro pAse pRthvI dAvatA hatA, ane khodAtI dharatImAMthI tAMbu, loDhuM, sIsuM, rUpuM ane sonuM zodhAvatA hatA. e dharatImAM telanA kuvA paNa jaDatA hatA. Aje paNa telanA kuvA mesopoTemiyAmAM che. jyAre elekajhAMDare mesemiyA jItyuM tyAre elekajhAMDare mesepeTemiyAnI dharatImAM saLagI zake tevuM pANuM nIkaLe che ema sAMbhaLyuM enI ajAyabIno pAra rahyo nahi. ane e pANI saLage che ke nahi teno prayoga eka gulAma chekarA para karyo. e chokarAnA AkhA zarIra para e saLagI zake tevuM pANI paDI devAmAM AvyuM ane mazAlathI e chokarAne saLagAvI devAmAM Avyo. je telanA kuvA

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gulAma majUre ulecatA hatA teja telathI e gulAmenA chokarAne saLagato joIelekajhAMDara hasate hate. jamInamAMthI khodAyelI dhAtunA judAjudA padArtho banatA hatA. e sAdhana vaDe Una ane kapAsane vaNATaudyoga vikAsAvavAmAM Avyo. bebIloniyAnA kAmadAse kapaDAM raMgavAnuM kAma che. eTaluM sarasa karatA hatA, ke AkhI duniyAnA leka e raMganA eke avAje vakhANa karatA hatA. mesopoTemiyAnA itihAsamAM zALa, carakhe ane reMTiye eTalA ja udyogo jaDI Ave che. mesopoTemiyAne vahepAra gadheDA para Avato hato. gheDAnI zarUAta I. sa. pU. 2109 thI jaNAya che. gheDAe madhya eziAnA ucca pradezamAMthI AvyA lAge che. ghoDAonA AvyA. pachI gheDAonI gati sAthe vahepAranI gati paNa vadhI. bebIlenanA bajAramAM dezadezathI vahepArI AvatA hatA. hiMdanA vahepArIo kAbula thaIne AvatA hatA. ijIptanA vahepArIo peluzIama, ane pelesTAIna thaIne AvatA hatA. eziyAmAIneranA vahepArI TAyara thaIne AvatA hatA. sIDena tathA sAraDinanA vahepArIo kAkaeNza thaIne AvatA hatA. bebIloniyana leke pAse sikkA hatA nahi. paraMtu e ke. senA ane rUpAnA kaTakAo badalAnA sAdhana tarIke vAparatA hatA. e dhAtuonA kaTakA keAI paNa jAtanA sikkA vinAnA hatA ane dareka vakhate jokhavA paDatA hatA. e jUnA jamAnAne rUpAno kaTake ardhA AuMsanA vajanavALo hato tathA tene zikela kahevAmAM Avate.. evA sATha zIkalane mInA thato hato ane sATha mInAno eka TelenTa thata hatA.A rItanA sikkAo tathA bIjA bhAlamAM vizathI trIza TakA jeTalA vyAjanA darathI dhIradhAra karavAmAM AvatI hatI. dhIradhAra karanArI beMke hatI nahIM paNa keTalAka zAhukAre dhIradhAra karatA hatA ane evI dhIradhAranAM khata lakhAvI levAmAM AvatAM hatAM. dharmaguruo

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59 zAhukAre| hatA, ane dhIradhAra karatA kAyadAnuM mukhya lakSaNa aMgata milaktanuM rakSaNa karavAnuM hatuM. ekhIleniyAnA kAyadA khelatA hatA ke kAI paNa mANasa je pAte vyAje lIdhelI rakama pAchI vALI zake tema naheAya tene devuM karavAnA adhikAra nathI. zAhukAra peAtAnI bAkI rakama peTe devAdAra pAsethI devAdAranA gulAma ke enA dIkarAne upADI jatA. mukhyatve karIne ekhIleAnanI saMskRti vahepArI saMskRti hatI. e. saMskRtinAM jaDI AvelAM ghaNA kharAM smArake! vahepAranI vAta kare che. enA sAhityamAM e ughogI jIvananI zrIma'tAInI vAte khUba bharelI. che. ane te chatAM paNa e vahepArI zASaNa ane du:khI gulAmeAne pakSa lenArA te samaye paNa hatA. ebIleAnanI saMskRtinA ghaNAkharAM khate gulAmeAnI levaDadevaDanAM lakhAelAM che. e gulAmeAnI kiMmata khUba jUja jevI hatI ane strInI kiMmata puruSa karatAM echI. hatI. dareka jAtanI aMgata sevAcAkarIe ane zArIrika zrama gulAme karatA hatA. gulAma strIe saMpUrNa rIte ene kharIdanArA mAlikenI dhyA para jIvatI hatI, e mAlikA sroenA game tevA upayoga karI zakyA. mAlikA peAtAnI paraNelI strIe uparAMta e gulAma strIthI protpatti karatA. e rIte mAlikeAnA dharA bALakeAthI ubharAI jatAM. gulAma ane gulAmInI badhI vastue mAlikanI gaNAtI. gulAmane jAmInamAM mUkAtA ke vecI paNa zakAtA. athavA jo gulAmane mAlika ema dhAre ke gulAma have majUrI mATe lAyaka nathI teA mAlika tene mArI nAMkhI zakatA. je kAI paNa gulAma nAsI jAya te kAyadAnI dRSTie kAI paNa tene Azraya ApI zakatuM nahi. paNa enA pakaDanArane InAma ApavAmAM AvatuM. kAI paNa kheDUta ke gulAmane kAI paNa vakhata sarakAra kAyadesara rIte jAhera kAmeAmAM majUrI karavA kAI paNa jAtanuM vaLatara ApyA vagara khelAvI zakatI. tathA temane lazkaramAM joDI zakatI. gulAma paraNI zakatA paNa enA

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60 ALakA mAlikanAM gaNAtAM. gulAmanI apavAdarUpa sevAnA badalAmAM athavA apavAdarUpe vaphAdArInA badalAmAM kAI paNa mAlika gulAmane -gulAmImAMthI mukta karI zakatA paNa khekhIlenanA itihAsamAM evI mUkti thADA gaNyAgAMThavA gulAmeAne ja maLI che. gulAme gulAmI karavAmAM ane baccAMe janmAvavAmAM AnaMda mAtatA hatA. e rIte pulAmenA varga rAja ne rAja vadhatA jatA hatA. ekhIleAnanA rAjakAraNamAM e vadhate! jatA gulAma varga eka divase mAlika sAme UDavAneA hateA. kAyadA ekhIle!nanI vahepArI saMskRti jevI saskRtivALeA kAI paNa samAja prajAsattAkavAda svapne paNa pAmI zake nahi. e saMskRtinuM AkaNu vahepArI dhanathI khAsa huka dharAvatA tAkArA ane mAlikAthI poSAyalI evI rAjAzAhInuM nirmANa kare che. evI rAjAzAhI peAtAnI adAlatA ne kAyadA dvArA khUba meTA pAyA para cAlatI vyavasthita hi MsAne kAyadesara banAve che. vakhata jatAM e rAjazAhI ane vahepArI jamAtanA hiteA judAM paDe che, rAjA ane zramajIvI leAkasamAjanI vacce e leke UbhA rahetA hAtha che. e rIte rAjAnA niraMkuza zAsanathI zarU thayelI khekhIleAnanI saMskRtimAM dhIme dhIme amIra umarAve, ThakAre, vahepArIe ane dharmaguruonI lAgavaga vadhatI gaI. rAjA peAtAnA salAhakAra tarIke e mAlika vargomAMthI mANasa pasaMda karate. rAjAnA e salAhakArone paNa salAha ApavA mAlika vargamAMthI ja AjanI myunIsIpAlITI jevI sabhAe! nImAtI. evI zarUAta hemurAkhIthI thaI cUkI hatI. ane paMdara saikAo sudhI kAyadesara cAlI AvI hatI. elenanA kAyadAonI zarUAtamAM kAyadAe ema khelatA hatA ke setAna gaNAte! puruSa athavA khevaka! manAtI strIne yukreTIsa nadImAM nAMkhI devAmAM Ave ane temAM nAMkhI dIdhA pachI je

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nahi rame mArI ane leka tarIne bahAra nIkaLI jAya te nirdoSa manAya. bebIlonanI adAlatanA zarUAtanA nyAyAdhIze dharmaguruo hatA ane adAlata devaLamAM besatI hatI. kAyadesara zikSAonI zarUAta samAna badalAthI (Equivalent Retaliation) zarU thaI hatI. je koI mANasa koInI AMkha phADI nAkhe, koIne dAMta kheMcI kahADe ke koInuM aMga chedI nAkhe to tenA badalAmAM AMkha, dAMta ke tevuM aMga levAmAM AvatuM. je ghara paDI jatuM ane mANasa marI jatuM te tene bAMdhanAra kaDIo ke zilpIne mArI nAMkhavAmAM AvatuM. je keI mANasa chokarIne mArI nAMkhe to te mANasane mArI nAkhatA nahi paNa tenI dIkarIne mArI nAMkhavAmAM AvatI. dhIme dhIme A jAtanI samAna badalAnI zikSAone badale kAyadAnuM svarUpa nukasAnI bharI ApavAnuM thayuM, e svarUpamAM judI judI zArIrika zikSAo ane daMDanI prathA dAkhala thaI e zikSAomAM gunegArane gunAnI jAta parathI nahi paNa gune karanAra mAlika che ke gulAma che te uparathI zikSAnuM svarUpa nakakI thatuM hatuM. ekaja gunA mATe koI amIra ke umarAvane nahi jevI zikSA thatI hatI. jyAre koI kheDUta ke gulAmane sakhta zikSA thatI hatI. dehAMta daMDanI zikSAo paNa ghaNI vadhAre ane khUba bhayaMkara hatI. vahepArI kAyadAo uparAMta sarakAra kAmanA daro viSe paNa kAyadA karatI hatI. DokaTarene keTalI phI ApavI te paNa sarakAra nakakI karatI hatI. kArIgara, majUra, kisAno tathA darajIo, suthAro, bharavADa ane khalAsIone ApavAmAM AvatA majUrInA dare sarakAra nakakI karatI. kAyadAnI draSTie strIne vArasA haka maLato nahi. adAlatamAM atyAre che tevA vakilonI saMkhyA dekhAtI nathI. ane pramANa banAvanAra dharmaguruo sarakAranA aphasaro gaNAtA. tathA dAvA arajI lakhanAra kArakunane judo

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varga hate. gunegAra ane davA mAMDanArAoe potAno kesa pitAnA sAkSIo lAvIne adAlatamAM jAte laDI levAne hatA. ebaloniyAnA pATanagaramAM rAjAe nImelA khAsa nyAyAdhIzo apIla sAMbhaLatA tathA rAjA pote chevaTanI apIla gaNAto. rAjasattA kAyadAthI ke salAhakArathI niyaMtrita nahatI paNa dharmaguruothI hatI. rAjA mukhya devane pratinidhi gaNAto. badhI jAtanA karo devanA nAme ugharAvAtA ane badhI jAtane karIne mATe bhAga sIdhI ke ADakatarI rIte devaLonA bhaMDAramAM jato hato. dharmaguruo dhArmika kriyAthI rAjAno abhiSeka na kare tyAM sudhI rAjA rAjA gaNato nahi. abhiSeka vakhate rAjA dharmagurane poSAka pahero. A rIte dharmathI rakSAyeluM rAjakAraNa rAjadrohane khUba mATe bhayaMkara gunha gaNAvatuM. te gunho karanAra koI paNa dehAMta daMDatI zikSA pAmatuM eTaluM ja nahIM paNa evA gunegAro AtmA paNa narakamAM paDe che ema manAtuM. e rIte sattAvAna dharmanI Avaka vadhatI jatI hatI. rAjAene paNa e dharmanI jarUra samajAI hatI ane rAjAo devaLomAM dhananA DhagalA tathA gulAma bheTa karatA. devAne jamInanA meTA moTA pradeza ApatA tathA varSano bAMdhI ApatA. yuddha jItAyA pachI yuddhamAM pakaDAyelA kedIo ane lUMTane mATe bhAga devaLone arpaNa karavAmAM AvatA. kheDUtone pharajIAta rIte mAlamAMthI amuka bhAga devaLane Apavo paDato. ema na ApanAra kheDUtonI jamIne dharmaguruo paDAvI letA. dharmanA pavitra khajAnAo garIbenA lohIthI kharaDAyelI vastuothI haMmezA UbharAtA rahetA. A badhA dhananA DhagalA dharmaguruo pitAnA upagamAM vAparI zakatA nahi. niraMkuza bhogavilAsa pachI vadhatI delatane upayoga utpAdananA sAdhanane kharIdavAmAM tathA meTAM moTAM vyAje nANuM

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dhIravAmAM thatuM. e dolatathI dharmaguruo jamInanA meTA meTA pradeza kharIdatA hatA eTaluM ja nahi paNa hajAre gulAmone tathA bIja hajAro majUronI jAta mahenata kharIdI letA hatA, ane e rIte kharIdAI gayelA majUrene bIjA loko pAse vadhAre kiMmata laI majUrIe mokalatA hatA. dharmaguruo moTA vahepArIo paNa hatA. devaLone bheTa dharAyelI vastuonA DhagalA e loko bebIlonanA bajAramAM vecatA. A badhA uparAMta dharmaguruone eka bIjo meTe lAbha hato. e lAbha emanI saMsthAne sAtatyo hato. rAjA marI jato hato paNa deva amara hato. rAjAnA kuTuMbI laDAImAM kapAI jatAM hatAM. paNa dharmaguruone laDAImAM javAnuM na hovAthI jAnamAlanA jokhame vahAravA paDatA nahi. dharmaguruone ATalA sattAvAna banAvanAra devadevIone paNa ApaNe oLakhavAM joIe. e devadevIo saMkhyAbaMdha hatAM. I. sa. pU. navamA saikAmAM thayelI devadevIonI gaNatrI pramANe badhI saMkhyA pAMsaTha hajAra hatI. dareka zaherane pitAne jude deva ha. dareka gAmaDAne pitAnA judAM judAM devadevIo hatAM. bebIlonanA loko sAthe devadevIo paNa jANe bhaLI gayAM hatAM. devAmAM rahetAM manAtAM hatAM. anAjanA DhagalA ane pazuonAM balidAna AreAgI jatAM hatAM, tathA dhArmika pavitra strIone keIne khabara na paDe tema bALaka janmAvatAM hatAM. jema bebIlonanA rAjakAraNamAM eka rAjA cakravati banate hato. tema bebIlonanA dharmakAraNamAM devadevImAMthI koI eka sattA para AvatAM hatAM. evA mahAna devAmAM mAraDuka mATe deva hato tathA IstAra meTI devI hatI. e devI sauthI suMdara manAtI hatI, tathA prema ane mAtRtvanI adhiSThAtrI lekhAtI. e devI moTI sarjanazakti hatI. e devI yuddhanI devI hatI ane premanI devI paNa hatI. mAtAonI paNa devI hatI, ane vasyAonI paNa devI hatI. e

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devIonuM svarUpa strI ane purUSa bannenA svarUpa jevuM hatuM. evI e devIne leke kumArIkA mAnatA. e kumArIkA aneka bALakane janmAvI zakatI ane saune grema karI zakatI. nIti bebIlonanI nItithI alekajhAMDara jevo dArUDI mANasa paNa AghAta pAmI UThayo hato. bebIlonanA naitika jIvanane khyAla ApatAM hIreDeTasa nIce pramANe ullekha kare che. "dareka strI jIvanamAM eka vakhata vinasanA devaLamAM besatI. e devaLamAM Avato kAI paNa ajANyA purUSa tenI sAthe saMbhoga karato tyAreja te tyAMthI chUTI thaI zakatI. dareka strIne karavo paDato Avo prayoga dhArmika vidhi manAta. A vidhi thayA pachI strI potAne ghera pAchI AvI zakatI. devaLamAM A vidhI mATe AvatI strIo pikI je strIo vadhAre suMdara hoya te pahelI pasaMda thatI, ane vahelI mukta thaI zakatI. paNa je strIe suMdara nahatI temaNe puruSanI rAha jotAM vadhAremAM vadhAre traNa varSa sudhI devaLamAM besI rahevuM paDatuM. strI sAtheno A upabhAga deva sAthene upabhoga manAto ane dareka juvAna chokarIe karavI paDatI AvI dhArmika kriyA lagnanI taiyArI manAtI. A uparAMta dareka devaLamAM ghaNI vezyAo rahetI hatI ane A rIte khUba kamANI karatI hatI. je chokarIo pAse lagna karavA jeTalI dolata nahatI te paNa devaLAmAM vezyA tarIke rahI kamAI zakatI hatI. strIone A dhaMdhe bebIlenamAM pavitra manAte hati. sAmAnya rIte bebIlonanI ekeeka juvAna strI A jAtanA anubhavamAMthI pasAra thatI. bebIlenanI lagnaprathAmAM kAmacalAu lagna paNa thatAM hatAM tathA evAM lagna strI ke puruSa koInI paNa IcchAthI chUTAM thaI zakatAM. strIonAM lagna kAyadesara rIte mAbApe karAvI zakatA hatA. emAMnA ghaNu lagnomAM strIonuM mAtra be-zarama vecANa hatuM. je

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65 mAbApA peAtAnI chekarIne paraNAvavA mAgatA hoya te peAtAnI chekarI sAthe amuka cekasa ThekANe ekaThA thatA. e rIte ekaThI thayelI chekarIone eka pachI eka AgaLa karavAmAM AvatI ane harAjI karavAmAM AvatI. paraNanAra puruSa e rIte harAjImAMthI peAtAne pasaMda paDe te strIne paraNI zakatA. e rIte paraNyA pachI kAIpaNa strI dhaNIne evakA nIvaDe teA tene mArI nAkhavAmAM AvatI. puruSa strIne cheDI zakatA paNa puruSane cheDanAra strIne DubADI devAmAM AvatI. sAmAnya rIte ijIpta karatAM emIleAnamAM strInuM sthAna khUba nIcuM hatuM. ebIlenanA zrImaMtAnI strIne paDadA pAchaLa rahevuM paDatuM. kaLAvijJAna ekhIlenanI saMskRti mukhyatve vahepArI hAvAthI kalA karatAM vijJAna tarapha vadhAre abhimukha hatI. ekhIleAnanA vahepArI uddezAe gaNitane vikasAvyuM hatuM. eka vartuLane 360 DIgrIe!mAM vaheMcavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. eka varSanA 360 divasa nakkI karavAmAM AvyA hatA. bhUmitimAM paNa judA judA kSetraphaLanI mApaNI sudhI vikAsa thaye! hatA. emIlenanuM khAsa vijJAna khagALazAstra hatuM. khagALanA nAna mATe ebIle!na te samaye AkhI duniyAmAM vikhyAta thayuM hatuM. e vijJAna vahANe ane kAphalAmenI gatinI dizA nakkI karatuM hatuM. tathA jAdunI asarathI manuSyanuM bhaviSya paNa bhAkhatu hatu. emIleAnanA leAkeA pahelAM joSIe tA ane pachI khageALazAstrIe hatA. e khage!LazAstra pramANe ekeeka graha deva hateA ane manuSyanA vyavahAramAM rasa dharAvatA hatA. jyupITara mAraDuka deva hatA. sUraja sAmAza hate. cadra siMha hatA. zani ninIJa hatA ane vinasa IstAra hatI. ekeeka tArAnI hIlacAla kAI ne kAI banAva bhAkhatI hatI. e rIte tArAomAMthI bhaviSya bhAkhavAne emIlenIana lekAne mukhya

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Avega bane. dharmaguruo je leke navarA hatA temaNe e dhaMdhe upADI lIdhuM ane te vaDe teoe rAjA ane kone vaza vartAvavA mAMDyA. temAMnA keTalAka sAcA abhyAsI hatA. bebIlonanA vijJAna para dharmanI khUba asara hovAthI e asare vaidakazAstrane paNa raMgyuM hatuM. dhIme dhIme vaidakazAstra dharmathI juduM paDI svataMtra zAstra banatuM jatuM hatuM. hemurAbInA samayathI vaidane dhaMdhe judo banyo hate. sarakArI kAyadAo e dhaMdho karanArAo upara niyamana rAkhatA hatA. DokaTarone ApavAnI phI paNa sarakAre nakkI karI hatI. davA karatAM je kaMI DokaTara dardIne nukazAna karI bese te tene sarakAra zikSA karatI. ane DokaTaranI bhUlathI je kaI dardI marI jAya te te DokaTaranI AMgaLI kApI nAkhavAmAM AvatI hatI. dharmaguruo paNa vaidakIya cikitsA karatA. dharmanA vahema vadhAre joradAra thatA jatA hatA. joke vaidakIya upAyone badale Adhidaivika cikitsA tathA jAduI upAyone vadhAre IcchatA hatA. e rIte vaidA karatAM UMTavaiduM vadhAre phelAtuM jatuM hatuM. roga, vaLagADa manAto hato ane pApane lIdhe thAya che ema manAtuM ane tethI roganA upAyamAM jaM, jAduo ane prArthanAno upayoga thata hato. je kAI paNa sAravAthI dardI sAjo thato nahi te tene bajAramAM laI javAmAM AvatA ane tene mATe tenAM sagAMo judI judI upAsanA karAvatA.

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prakaraNa 6 esIriyA ane saikA e daramyAna emIlenathI traNase mAIla uttare esIriyAnI navI saMskRti jAgatI hatI. DuMgarALa ucca pradezamAM vasatI tyAMnI prajAe lazkarI zistane khUba sakhta banAvI peAtA para badhI bAjuthI humalA karatA duzmanene vALyA hatA. IslAma sumeriyA akakaDa ane ekhIleniyAnAM nagarezane jItyAM hatAM. InIziyA ijIpta para kAbU khesADayo hatA ane be sudhI taravAranA jore samIpapU para adhikAra jamAvyA hatA. sumeriyAe saMskRtine upajAvI hatI, ebIleniyAe tene vikAsa hatA. esIriyAne tenA vArase maLyA. paNa saskRtinI AsapAsa hamezAM jaMgalavAda hoya che. ane te samaya AvatAM saskRtine jhaDapI le che. evA jaMgalavAda haMmezAM jaMgalanI jema laDhatA rahe che. ane peAtAnI hAra kabUlyA vinA zikAra para kUdI paDavAnI rAha jotA zikArI prANInI jema TAMpI rahe che. kac esIriyAnI saskRti TIgrIsanI zAkhAethI phaLadrupa banelAM cAra nagarAnI AsapAsa vikAsa pAmI. e cAramAnuM eka zahera

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Asura hatuM je Aje zeradhAra kahevAya che. bIjuM arabelA hatuM je Aje irabIla kahevAya che. trIjI tAlAka hatuM je Aje nimaguDa che ane cothuM ninIvela hatuM je Aje kayujIka tarIke oLakhAya che. AsuramAMthI itihAsapUrvenA pattharanA sAdhano tathA charI maLI AvyAM che. ane kALA raMganuM mATIkAma tadhA bhUmitinI AkRtio jaDI AvI che. nInIhanI pAse gAvarAnI najIka I. pU. 3700 varSa pahelAMnuM eka zahera jamInanI nIce jaDayuM che. jamInanA paDamAM Aje paNa sUtelA e zaheranAM devaLo, kAMsakAo, hIrAonA alaMkAre tathA bIjI aneka vastuo jaDI AvI che. esIriyAnuM pATanagara zarUAtamAM Asura hatuM ane pachIthI nInIha hatuM. AsurabAnIpAla rAjAnA samayamAM traNa lAkha leke rAjanagaramAM rahetA hatA ane dUra dUranA rAjAo tyAM khaMDaNI bharavA AvatA hatA. zelAmAnera nAmanA eka rAjAe uttara vibhAganA badhA nagaravibhAgane tAbe karyA hatA. tathA tAlakane pitAnuM pATanagara banAvyuM hatuM. tyAra pachInA esIriyAnA ItihAsamAM eka moTA rAjAnuM nAma TImalAtha pilesara hatuM. e eka moTo zikArI rAjA hato. enA smArakamAM e pote kahe che ke eNe paga para UbhA rahI ekase vIsa siMhane zikAra karyo hato. eseriyAnA itihAsanA bIjA lekhaka lakhe che ke eNe prANIo uparAMta prajAone paNa zikAra karyo hato. nagaranAM nagaro lUMTayAM hatAM ane jaMgama milakato pitAne tyAM upADI lAvyo hato. ekeeka dizAmAM eNe potAnAM lazkara deDAvyAM hatAM. cAlIsa prajAne cUMthI nAMkhI hatI. bebIlonane jItyuM hatuM. ane IjIptane gabharAvI mUkyuM hatuM. eNe e hatyAkAMDanA vijayamAM devaLo baMdhAvyAM hatAM. ane esIriyAnAM devadevIone balidAna ApyAM hatAM. paNa enA samayamAM bebIlane baLavo karyo hato. ene lazkarane harAvyAM hatAM. ene devaLone

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lUMTayAM hatAM. ane enAM devadevIone keda karI bebIlonamAM ANyAM hatAM. bIjI vAta AsurabAnIpAlanI che. eNe ghaNAM rAjya jItyAM. ghaNI laDAIo kheDI. eNe strIo ane lUMTanA DhagalA esIriyAmAM ANyAM hatAM tathA sAthe sAthe ghaNu kedI rAjAe pakaDI AyA hatA. eNe e kedI rAjAnI AMkhe ketarI kADhI hatI. enA vijayane ke DAmAskasa sudhI vAgyo hato. pachI enA dIkarAe enI sAme baLavo karI rAjya paDAvI lIdhuM hatuM. tyArapachI TIgalAtha trIjAe navAM lazkare ekaThAM karyA hatAM. ArmIniyAne jItyuM hatuM. sIriyA para caDhAI karI hatI. bebIleniyAne vaza vartAvyuM hatuM ane pitAnuM zAsana esIriyAthI kekesasa ane IjIpta sudhI laMbAvyuM hatuM. pachI te yuddhothI kaMTALI gayA ane eNe potAnuM dhyAna rAjakAraNamAM tathA maMdire ne mahAlayo baMdhAvavAmAM devuM. tyArapachI sAragona nAmanA eka amaladAre enA maraNa pachI rAjyanI lagAma potAnA hAthamAM lIdhI. pachIthI AsurabAnIpAlano dIkare senAcerIba gAdI para Avyo. eNe aMdaranA baLavAo samAvyA tathA jerUselama ane IjIptane namAvyAM. eNe duzmananAM corAsI nagaro tArAja karyA. ekaso vIza gAmane nAza karyo. 7,200 ghoDAo, 11,000 gadheDA, 81,000 baLade, 800,000 gheTAM tathA 250,000 kedIo esIriyAmAM lAvyo. pachI e bebIlona para gusse thaI gayo. bebIlonane ghero ghAlya, jItyuM, ne saLagAvI mUkyuM. bebIlenamAM vasatI badhI prajAne bALakothI mAMDIne juvAno ne gharaDAMone ane strIone kApI nAMkhyAM. zerIomAM zabanA DuMgarA khaDakAyA. devaLe ane mahAlanI lata lUMTI lIdhI ane bebIlenanA sarva zaktimAna bhagavAnanA TukaDA karI nAMkhyA. A badhI lUMTaphATathI

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70 eNe nInIvehane pharIvAra baMdhAvyuM. e nagaranuM rakSaNa karavA nadIonA rastA paNa badalI nAMkhyA. evo e vijetA eka vakhata ghUMTaNIe paDI bhagavAnane prArthanA karato hato tyAre pAchaLathI enA thoDAka dIkarAoe AvI bhagavAnane namatuM enuM mAthuM kApI lIdhuM ane eno eka IsArahADena nAmano dIkaro gAdIe Avyo tyArapachI AsurabAnIpAla nAmane bIje rAjA rAjyasattA para Avyo. enA rAjya daramyAna esIriyA dAlatathI ubharAI gayuM paNa enA maraNa daramyAna esIriyAnuM patana zarU thayuM hatuM. e AsurabAnIpAlanuM eka smAraka bole che ke eNe eka pachI eka khUnakhAra vijo kheDyA hatA. nagaranAM nagarane bhUkhamarAthI mArI nAMkhyAM hatAM. kedIonA zarIra parathI cAmaDI utArI lIdhI hatI. chatAyelA rAjakuTuMbane, rAjAnA amaladArone, kArIgarone ane prajAone, strI ane puruSo saune tathA ekeeka rANIone keda karIne eseriyAmAM ANyAM hatAM. eNe vijayanI mijabAnIo goThavI hatI. ane mijabAnI mAMDatA mAMDatA duzmanonA zarIra parathI utArI lIdhelA lohI ALa mAthA dekhyAM hatAM. rAjA AsurabAnIpAlane athavA enA mANasone evo khyAla paNa nahotuM ke te A bhayaMkara hatyAkAMDathI kazI anIti kare che. ithopiyAthI ArmIniyA sudhI ane sIriyAthI mIDiyA sudhI eNe lohI varasAvyuM hatuM. e uparAMta e badhA pradeza uparathI eNe zilpIo ane kalAkArene UbhA karyA hatA. maMdire ne mahAla caNavyAM hatAM. vidvAnane uttejyA hatA. e rAjA kevI rIte maraNa pAme tenI itihAsane khabara nathI. daMtakathA ema kahe che eNe potAnA mahelane saLagAvI mUkyo ane e jIvato saLagI gaye. e daMtakathAne artha e paNa ke e esIriyAne mATe apazukana hatA ane eseriyAne nAza nirmAI cUkyA hatA. je yuddho kheDIne

Page #81
1 eseriyA baLavAna banyuM hatuM eja yuddhone lIdhe te nabaLuM thaI gayuM hatuM. ekaeka viSayamAM esIriyAnA baLavAna leAkeA maraNu pAmatA hatA ane nabaLA leAkeA pAchaLa jIvatA hatA. e uparAMta vijayamAM AvelA lAkhe! kedIe esIriyAmAM vasyA hatA, ane peAtAnI vastIne vadhArI rahyA hatA. evA bahArathI pakaDI ANelA leAkeAthI lazkara UbharAI gayuM hatuM ane sAthe sAthe AjubAjunA bIjA pradezAnA AvatA dhasArAthI esIriyAnI sarahada tUTI gaI hatI. AsuraAnIpAla I. pU. 626mAM maraNa pAmyA tyAra pachI cauda varSe ekhIleAniyana leAkeAe mIDIza ane skIthiyana tathA kAkesasanA le!! sAthe esIriyA para caDhAI karI. jevA hatyAkAMDa esIriyAe khIjA pradezeAnAM pATanagaramAM calAvyeA hateA tevA hatyAkAMDa sAthe nInIveDa khaMDera banyuM. AkhA nagarane saLagAvI mUkavAmAM AvyuM. madirAne mahAlayeAne dharAzAyI karavAmAM AvyAM ane leAkAne kApI nAkhavAmAM AvyAM. eka ja dhA sAthe esIriyA itihAsamAMthI adazya thaI gayuM. thADA samayamAM esIriyAnA mahArAjAe bhUlAI gayA. emanA rAjamaheleA para retI UDI rahI. esIriyAnA vinAza pachI khaseA varSe jhene phezananA daza hajAra mANase retI para kUca karatA hatA. e retInI nIce esIriyAnuM pATanagara nInIveha sUtuM hatuM. e kUca karatAM lazkarane khabara naheAtI ke peAte kUca kare che te dharatI nIce ardhI duniyAne eka vakhate vaza vartAvatuM rAjanagara sUtuM hatuM.

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prakaraNa 7 lekajIvana sarakAra AsurabAnIpAlanI sarakAra jeNe esIriyA, bebIleniyA, ArmeniyA, mIDiyA, pelesTAIna, sIriyA phInIziyA, sumeriyA ane ijIpta upara rAjya karyuM te bhUmadhya athavA samIpapUrvanA jagatamAM sauthI vadhAre vizALa pAyAparanI sarakAra hatI. te samayanA pramANamAM e udAramatavAdI sAmrAjyavAda hato. moTAmoTA nagarane sthAnika sattA ApavAmAM AvI hatI. ane esIriyAnA sAmrAjya nIce AvelI dareka prajAne pitAne dharma pALavA devAmAM AvatuM hatuM te chatAM paNa te sAmrAjyavAdamAM madhyastha sarakAranuM taMtra bahu DhIluM hatuM ane tethI potAnA adhikAra nIcenA pradezamAM tene vAraMvAra yuddha karavAM paDatAM hatAM. tethI e sarakAranuM khUba agatyanuM aMga lazkara hatuM ane tethIja yuddhanI kalA tarapha khUba dhyAna ApavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. judI judI jAtanA rathe, ghoDesvAronuM lazkara ane pAyadaLanI TukaDIo e badhAne khUba vyavasthita banAvavAmAM AvyAM hatAM.

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33 tathA chApa mAravAnA tathA ghere ghAlavAnAM sAdhAnane vikAsa karavAmAM Avyo hato. e uparAMta yuddha aMgenA badhA vyahe tathA nItirItine jhINavaTathI khyAla thayo hato. lazkaranAM mANasane bakhtara ApavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. chatAyeluM zahera lUMTavAmAM AvatuM hatuM ane tArAja karavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. lazkaranAM mANasane pagAra uparAMta lUMTamAMthI bhAga ApavAmAM AvatA. yuddhamAM pakaDAyelA gulAmane mArI nAkhavAmAM AvatA hatA. dareka sipAIne pite jeTalAM mAthAM kApI lAve te pramANe badalo ApavAmAM Avato. lazkara pachI bIjA naMbare rAjAno AdhAra devaLa upara hato. dharmaguone rAjAzAhIne Teke hovAne lIdhe temane khUba delata ApavAmAM AvatI hatI ane temanuM rakSaNa khUba kALajIpUrvaka karavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. rAjyanAM badhAM pharamAno, badhA kAyadAo tathA badhI jAtanA kare ane badhAM yuddha esIriyAnA mUkhya deva AsuranA mAnamAM thatAM hatAM. rAjA pote devanI pratikRti manAto hatA. esIriyAno dharma enI kalA ane vijJAnanI jema bebIleniyAthI Avyo hato. ughoga vepAra esIriyAnuM ArthIka jIvana bebIlonathI vadhAre juduM paDatuM nahatuM. zrImaMta esIriyana ke meTA meTA jamInadAra hatA. bebIlonanI jema ekaja nadI esIriyAnI jamInane phaLadrupa banAvatI hatI. bebIlonanI jema esIriyAnI mukhya khetI nahero vaDe thatI ane bebIlonanI jema khetI karanArA kheDUto gulAma hatA. udyoganI aMdara esIriyAnAM zaheramAM bebIloniyAmAM hato tevo vahepAra cAlato hato. ekaja jAtanAM vajana ane mApa vaparAtAM hatAM. dhAtuo khodI kADhavAmAM AvatI hatI ane meTA

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74 pramANamAM bahArathI lAvavAmAM AvatI. kAca banAvavAmAM AvatA hatA ane vaNATa udyoga tathA kapaDAM raMgavAnuM kAma ThIka cAlatuM hatuM. nInIve pATanagarane trIsa mAIla dUrathI pANI pUrUM pADavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. vahepAra udyogamAM dhIradhAra karanArA khAnagI zAhukAra leAkeA hatA. vyAjanA dara 25) TakA jeTaleA hate. atyAranA vepAraudyoganI dRSTie esIriyana samAjamAM amIra umarAve! hatA. kArIgaranA vargo hatA. kheDUta jamInadAreA hatA ane majUrI karanArA udyoganA ane khetInA majUrA hatA. milakata vinAnA majUrA tathA devAdAra banelA kheDUtAne ane gulAmeAne badhI jAtanAM zArIrika zramanAM kAme samAjamAM temanuM sthAna khUba nIcuM manAtuM. peAtAnA halakA sAmAjika sthAnane batAvavA mATe e leAkeAne jiAta rIte kAna kAcAvavA paDatA hatA tathA mAthAM mUMDAvavAM paDatAM hatAM. yuddhamAM pakaDAyelA karavAM paDatAM ane dharma nIti esIriyAnA nItine kAyado ane sarakArI kAyadAe prajotpattine khUba TekA ApatA hatA. garbhApAtane gune khUba meATe gaNAtA hatA. je strIe evA guneA karatI tene jIvatI saLagAvI mUkavAmAM AvatI hatI. ekhIleAna karatAM esIriyAmAM strIonuM sthAna vadhAre nIcuM hatuM. strIe! jAheramAM burakhA vinA jaI zakatI nahi ane strIe pAsethI sakhtavAdArI mAgavAmAM AvatI. lagnasaMsthA strInI kharIdI upara nabhatI hatI. lazkaranA pazubaLa para nabhatA esIriyAnA jIvanamAM hiMsA khUba vyavasthita ane AkarI hatI. dharmanA nAmamAM aneka pazue ane gulAmenAM khalidAna ApavAmAM AvatAM. AsurabAnIpAle traNa hajAra kedIone jIvatA saLagAvI mUkavA hatA ane hujArezanI katala karI hatI. tethI devadevIe khUza thAya che ema

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75 mAnavAmAM AvatuM. dhame ahiMsaka vRttine udAtta baMnAvavA kAMI karyuM nathI, Azu e rASTra devatA hatA. leAkeA ema mAnatA hatA. ke e devatA duzmaneAnI jema vadhAre tala thAya che tema AnaMda pAme che. e dharma jAdue tathA maMtrA para nabhatA hatA. aneka jAtanA vhemA dharma jALavI rAkhyA hatA. AkhI duniyA rAkSasAthI bharelI che ane temane dhArmika maMtrAthI vaza karI zakAya che. ema esIriyAnA dharma zikhavatA hatA. AvI jAtanA vAtAvaraNamAM yuddha zivAya khIjAM eke vijJAna vikAsa pAmI zakatuM nathI, esIriyAnuM vaidakIya jJAna ekhIlenanuM hatuM. esIriyAnuM khagALa jJAna paNa ekhIlona pAsethI meLaveluM hatuM.

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prakaraNa 8 khadabadatI prajAe samIpapUrvanA itihAsamAM rAjA nebuceDarejharanA samayamAM najara nAkhIe te dekhAya che ke te samaye manuSyane eka moTe mahAsAgara khadabadato hate. jIvanakalaha khUba joradAra hate. vigraho UbharAtA hatA, ramakhANe phelAtAM hatAM, eka bIjAne gulAma banAvavAmAM AvatAM hatAM ane eka bIjAnA balidAna devAmAM AvatAM hatAM. eka meTa hatyAkAMDa khUba vizALa pAyA para cAlato hato. e badhA hatyAkAMDanI AsapAsa judI judI prajAe athaDAI rahI hatI. emAMnI keTalIka ghara bAMdhIne rahenArI prajA hatI. bIjI eka sthaLethI bIje sthaLe bhaTakanArI hatI. evI seMkaDe prajAo jemAnI sau kaI pitAne itihAsa ane bhUgoLanA madhyabiMdumAM mAnatI hatI te Aje saMskRtinA ItihAsamAM eka nAnAmAM nAnA prakaraNa jevI paNa nathI. e ItihAsamAM te samaye gharo bAMdhanArI sthira thaIne rahenArI prajAnI AsapAsa bhaTakanArI (negeDa) prajAo hatI. e prajAo sthira rahenArI prajAone khUba bhayarUpa hatI. e bhaTakanArI prajAnI aMdara duSkALa

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ke bhUkhamare AvatAnI sAthe temanI TeLIo zrImaMta thaIne rahenArI prajApara tUTI paDatI ane e rIte yuddho aTakyA vinA cAlu rahetAM hatAM. Aje itihAsamAM evA pradezo paDyA che jyAM eka vakhata meTAM sAmrAjya hatAM. paNa sAmrAjyanA patana pachI tyAM ja verAna banelA pradeza para ane pRthvInA paDapara bhaTakatI prajAonA pazuo caratAM hatAM. Arya prajA A rIte te samayanA saMskRtinA ItihAsamAM judI judI prajAonuM nirmANa thatuM hatuM ane keTalIka prajAonI hastI nAbUda thaI jatI hatI. evI eka prajAnuM nAma miTAniyana hatuM. e prajA ijIptanI duzmana hatI ane eziyAmAM jaDI AvatA InDoyuropIyana jevI hatI. eziyAnI e prajA indra, varUNa vagere dene pUjanArI hatI tathA e prajA IrAna tathA hinda tarapha AgaLa vadhI hatI. e prajAne Arya prajA kahevAmAM AvatI hatI. mITAniyana lokonI eka herI nAmanI ToLImAM Arya zabdano pahelIvAra upayegA thayA che. e zabda kespIana samudra pAse rahetA lokee upajAvela hoya ema lAge che. Aje e zabdane upaga maTAniyana lokopara, hITIsa ke para, tathA mIDIjha, paziyana tathA vaidika hindu para karavAmAM Ave che. hITIsa ke inDeyurepIyana lekamAM khUba sudharelA ane zakitavALA hatA. e leke bespharasa, helespAnTa, ijIana ane kesasa oLaMgIne AvyA hatA. ane kALA samudranI dakSiNe je pradezane ApaNe eziyA mAinora tarIke oLakhIe chIe tyAM lazkarI jAti tarIke sthira thayA hatA. I pU. 1800 nI AsapAsa ApaNe e lekene TIgrIsa ane yuTIsanA mULa AgaLa vaselA joIe chIe. tyAMthI e lekee potAnA hAtha ane lAgavaga

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+ 78 sIriyA sudhI laMbAvIne ijIptamAM dhRtarAjI UbhI karI. rAjA rRmesIsa khIjAne e leAkeA sAthe salAha karavI paDI hatI, ane tene hITITa rAjAne peAtAnI samAna gaNavA paDaye hateA. temanI bhASA inDeyuropIyana leAkeAnI bhASAne maLatI Ave che ane theADAka zabdo aMgrejI zabdo jevA che. e hITITa lAkA itihAsamAM je rIte AvyA hatA tevIja gUDha rIte itihAsamAMthI adRzya thaI gaya che. temanAM pATanagarA eka pachI eka vinAza pAmyAM che. ane temanuM chelluM nagara kArce mIza . pU. 717 mAM esIriyana leAkeAnA AkramaNa sAme nAza pAmI gayuM. urASTra esIriyAnI uttare urATu nAme eka prajA jANItI hatI. itihAsanI zarUAtathI ghaNA saikA sudhI ArmIniyana tarIke eLakhAtI e prajAe peAtAnI svataMtra sarakAra, rItarIvA ja ane kaLAe jALavI rAkhyAM hatAM. e prajAnA sauthI mahAna rAjA ArmIsTIsa bIjAnA samayamAM e prajA leATTu khedI kADhatI hatI ane tene eziyA ane grIsamAM vecI zrImata banI hatI. e prajAe dhaNI jAtanA ArAma ane sukhasagavaDe saMpAdana karyAM hatA. pattharanI imAratA bAMdhI hatI ane uttama jAtanA padArtho banAvyA hatA. paNa e prajAe esIriyA sAme peAtAne acAva karavAmAM peAtAnI badhI dAlata khAI nAkhI ane vakhata jatAM vijetA sIrasanI saradArI nIce laDhatAM irAnanA adhikAra nIce AvI gaI. skiziana esIriyAthI dUra uttaranA kALA samudranA kinArA para eka prajA bhaTakatI hatI. e prajA skiziana prajA hatI. e laDAyaka prajA ardhI mAMgeAla ane ardhI yureApIyana hatI. bhayaMkara dADhIvALI e prajAnA rAkSasI cAddAe gADIemAM rahetA hatA ane temanI strIone paDadAmAM rAkhatA hatA. hipokreTasa e prajAnI

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strIo viSe kahe che ke e strIo jyAMsudhI kumArIkAo hoya tyAM sudhI gheDA para savArI karatI ane nizAna tAkatAM zIkhatI hatI, tathA yuddhomAM UtaratI hatI. je juvAna chokarI ochAmAM ochAM traNa duzmano mArI nAkhatI te paraNavAlAyaka gaNAtI. e chekarIone janma kyA pachI temanA bALapaNamAM sikathiyana mAtAo pitAnI bALakIonI jamaNI chAtI para kAMsAnA banAvelA eka sAdhana vaDe DAma detI. pachI e chokarIonuM badhuM baLa duzmane para hathiyAra calAvavA mATe jamaNA hAthamAM ane khabhAmAM Ave che ema manAtuM. e bhayaMkara prajA ghaDAo para jIna ke lagAma vagara savArI karatI. jIvavA mATe bhayaMkara ramakhANe cheDatI hatI ane jANe laDavA mATe jIvatI hoya ema dekhAtI hatI. e prajA pitAnA duzmanenuM lohI pItI hatI ane tenA AMtaraDAnA alaMkAre paheratI hatI. e prajAe esIriyA para vAraMvAra dhasAra karI tene nabaLuM pADayuM hatuM. e prajA I. pU. 630 thI 610 sudhI potAnA rastAmAM AvatI ekeeka vastune vinAza karatI Iziyana akhAta para AvelAM zahere para AvI pahoMcI hatI. ema kahevAya che ke tyAM AvyA pachI e prajAne keAI bhayaMkara roga lAgu paDe ane chevaTamAM bAkI rahelI e prajAne mIDIsa lokoe temanA uttara taraphanA AvAsamAM pAchI hAMkI kADhI. dIjiyana I. sa. pU. navamI sadInA aMtamAM eziyAbhAInaramAM eka navI sattA udaya pAmatI hatI. e navI saMskRti lIDIA ane grIsa vaccenA aMtarane pUratI eka pUla jevI hatI. e kIjiyana saMskRti hatI. ene pahelo rAjA geDasa eka sAmAnya kheDUta hato. enA pachIno rAjA bhIDAsa thayo hato. kIjiyana loke eziyAmAMthI yuropamAM AvyA hoya ema lAge che. ensArA nAmanuM pATanagara bAMdhI samIpapUrvanA svAmItva mATe esIriyA ne IjIpta

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80 sAthe athaDAmaNamAM AvyAM. e lokomA nAmanI eka devImAM mAnatA hatA. ane devIne e loke badhIja utpAdana zaktinA. kendrarUpa mAnatA hatA. pavitra vezyAvRttithI e devInI e loke. sevA karatA hatA. lIDiyA lIDIA nAmane eka navA rAjyanA udaya sAthe eziyAmAI neramAM kIjiyAne aMta Avyo. rAjA gIjITe lIDiyAnuM pATanagara sArDasane banAvyuM. kIsasa nAmanA rAjAe I. sa. pU. 570 mAM AkhA eziyAmAInerapara potAne adhikAra jamAvyo. eNe eka pachI bIjA rAjya jItI laI lIDiyAnA adhikAra nIce ANyAM. krIsase senA ne rUpAnA sikakAonI zarUAta karAvI. AkhA bhUmadhya para vepArane uttejana ApyuM. pachI sarasanAM lazkara enA daravAjA sAthe athaDAyAM. irAnI lekane. vijya thayo. lIDiyana lekene aMta Avyo. sADasa paDayuM. jUnA rIvAja pramANe krIsase eka moTI citA saLagAvI pitAnI strIo ne dIkarIo sAthe ane bIjA amIra umarAvo sAthe citArehaNa karyuM. citA saLagI ane lIDiyAnI saMskRtine aMta Avyo. semITika lAke samIpapUrva pradeza parvato ne raNamAM vaheMcAI gayo hato. e pradezamAM rahetI judIjudI jAto rItarIvAjo ane bhASAmAM judI paDatI hatI. paraMtu vepAranA udaya sAthe ane tethI ekabIjAnA saMparkathI e judI judI jAtanA rItarIvAjo ane bhASAnuM aikya AvatuM jatuM hatuM. semITika lekanuM udayasthAna ane vikAsanuM sthAna arabastAna hatuM. e verAna pradeza parathI vadhAre sArA pradeza jItavA mATe judI judI ToLIo kUca karatI

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1 hatI. paNa je leAkeA arabastAnamAM rahyA hatA teNe arabastAna ane eduInanI saMskRtinuM nirmANa karyuM. e leoNkA kuTuMbanA vaDAenA adhikAra nIce jIvatA samAja hatA. e samAjaracanAmAM AjJAdhArakatAnI nIti bahu sakhta rIte pravartatI hatI. mahamadanA AvatA sudhI e leAkeAe dharmI tarapha dhyAna ApyuM nathI tathA e laDAyaka leAkeAe kaLA ane jIvananA zaNagArA taraph avagaNanA pUrvaka joyuM hatuM ane kalAone kAyara manuSyanA patananA svarUparUpe mAnI hatI. thADA vakhata sudhI dUrapUrvanA vepAra e leAkeAnA kAbUmAM hatA. kAneka ane eDananA emanAM baMdare IMDIjhamAMthI ANelI dolatathI UbharAtAM hatAM ane emanA vepArInA kAphalAe e dolatane prInIziyA ane premIlena laI jatA hatA. emanA paheALA dvIpakalpamAM e leAkeA meTAmeTA nagare, mahAlaye! ne devaLA bAMdhatA hatA. paNa paradezIne e badhuM jovA mATe e leAkeA AvavA detA nahAtA. hajAro varSa sudhI e leAkeA peAtAnAM vana potAnI rIte jIvyAM che. peAtAnA rItarIvAjo jALavI rAkhyA che ane e leAkAe vinAza sAmyA vinA sekaDA rAjyanA udaya ane asta joyA che. Aje paNa e leAkeAne pradeza emane peAtAneja che ane e pradezanuM rakSaNa karI e leke paradezInA bhraSTa pagalAM, ane ItarAjakhora AMkhone nivArI rahyAM che. phInIziyana te! savAla thAya che ke zrInIziyana leke kANu hatA? jene ullekha AgalA pAnAmAM karavAmAM AvyA che, jenAM vahANu e ke eka mahAsAgara para hakArAtAM hatAM ane jemanA vepArIe ekeeka badaramAM sAdA karatA hatA te kInIziyana leAkeAnA udaya viSe itihAsakAre kAI ullekha kareleA jaNAtA nathI. e leAkeA kayAMthI AvyA tenI ApaNane khabara nathI. e leAkeA semITika hatA ke nahi tenI paNa ApaNane mAhitI nathI. bhUmadhyanA kinArA para

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e leke AvyA te kALa I. pU. 2,800 jeTale jUne kahevAya che. je phInIziyana kinArA tarIke oLakhAya che te daza mAIla paheLAne se mAIla lAMbe e jamInane sAMkaDe kaTake che. sIriyA ane samudra vacce phInIziyana lokone phInIziyA pradeza hato. e pradeza pAchaLanI lebAnena nAmanI TekarIo para vasavAne ne tenA para adhikAra jamAvavAne temaNe prayatna karelo jaNAto nathI. je prajAenA mAlane vepAra dariyAkinArAnA dareka pradeza para e loke kheDatA hatA te laDAyaka prajAo potAno nAza na kare eTaluM ja te IcchatA hatA. I. pU. 1,ra00 thI eleke bhUmadhya samudranA mAlika banyA hatA. e leke vepAra karatA hatA eTaluja nahi paNa kAcanA ane dhAtunA judA judA padArtho paNa banAvatA hatA. e uparAMta e loke hindustAnamAMthI ghaNuM vastuo letA hatA. tathA bhUmadhya samudranA kinArA paranA zaheramAM vecatA hatA. tathA kALA samudranA dakSiNa kinArA parathI pitAnI pAsenI vastu nA badalAmAM sIsuM, sonuM tathA lekhana lAvatA hatA. sikasamAMthI anAja lAvatA hatA. AphrikAmAMthI hAthIdAMta lAvatA hatA. speInamAMthI rU5 lAvatA hatA. ane briTanamAMthI TIna lAvatA hatA. e uparAMta e vepArI leke ekeeka pradezamAMthI gulAmane uThAvI lAvatA hatA. e vepArIo vepAramAM eTalA to pAvaradhA banI gayA hatA ke speInanA vatanIo pAsethI telanA badalAmAM vahANe bharIne rUpuM lAvatA hatA. e rUpAno jaththo eTale meTe hato ke tethI temanAM vahANa UbharAI jatAM ane e buddhimAna vepArIo vahANanAM vajanadAra laMgare patthara ke lokhaMDanA rAkhavAne badale rUpAnA rAkhatA hatA. paNa e vepArIone AvA vepArathI zAnti vaLI nahatI. speInanA vatanIone e loka upADI lAvatA hatA ane temane gulAma tarIke vecatA hatA. te samayanA vepAra

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83 ane lUTaphATamAM kAI jhAjhA taphAvata hatA nahi. e vepAranA nAmamAM nabaLAene nAza karavAmAM AvatA hatA. zakaya hoya tyAM lUMTa calAvavAmAM AvatI hatI ane bhalAbheALA leAkeAne chetaravAmAM AvatA hatA. e vepAranA nAmeja kAI kAI vAra AjA vahANAne pakaDavAmAM AvatAM hatAM tathA temanA mAlane japta karavAmAM AvatA hatA. emanAM nIcAM ane sAMkaDAM vahANA sIttera phUTa jeTalAM lAMbAM hatAM. e vahANane eka mAyu za hatuM. e vahANAne hAMkanArA gulAma hatA. tUtaka para e vahANanuM rakSaNa karanArA cekI karatA hatA. A vahANA kinAre kinAre hakArAtAM hatAM ane sAMjanA samaye bhAgyeja saphara karatAM hatAM. paNa vahANavaTAne pachI vikAsa thatAM phrInIziyana khalAsIo uttaranA tArAnI madadathI mahAsAgarAmAM dUra dUra haMkAratA hatA. pachI e leAkeAe AphrikAnI AsapAsa musApharI karI ane vAskADIgAmAthI be hajAra varSa pahelAM kepa ek guDahApanI zodha karI. e vepArIenAM vahANe! jyAM cemAsAnI zarUAta thatI tyAM aTakI jatAM. kinArA paranI jamIneAmAM anAja vAvatAM thatA pAka laI ne pAchAM samudromAM haMkAratA. e rIte e vepArIenAM vahANu e varSe ijIpta paheAMcatAM. cAMcIAe ne vepArIe e rIte ajoDa sAhisaka banyA hatA. e vepArIoe bhUSyanAM mukhya mukhya mathake para peAtAnAM thANAM bAMdhyAM hatAM. e thANAo pachI vakhata jatAM sa'sthAne ke zaherA thavA pAmyAM che. evAM thANAM keDIjhamAM, kAthejamAM, mArselsamAM ane dUra IMglAMDamAM hatAM. e vepArIonI jamAtAe siprasa, melejha ane reDasamAM potAnAM thANAM nAkhyAM hatAM. e vepArIoe vepAra karatAM karatAM samIpapUrva taraphanI kalAe te vijJAnanA abhyAsa karI temane grIsa, AphrikA, ITAlI ane

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spenamAM pahoMcADyAM hatAM. e vepArIoe yuropanA pradezane jaMgalanI hevAniyatamAMthI jagADavA mAMDyA hatA. vepArathI piSAtI vepArI zrIMmatothI zAsana pAmatI ane vepArI rIte potAnI latane jamAvatI ane vadhAratI e vepArI kema phInIziyAmAM sauthI vadhAre zrImaMta ane dhanavAna nagaro upajAvatI hatI. e vepArIone nagaramAM bIjosTa sauthI jUnuM nagara hatuM. vepArInA bhagavAna Ilee e nagarano pAyo nAkhyo hato. ane phanIziyAnA itihAsanA aMta sudhI e nagara phInIziyAnA dhArmika pATanagara tarIke jIvyuM hatuM. kinArA para pacAsa mAIla dUra sIDena nAme bIju nagara hatuM. sauthI pahelAM e nagara eka killo ja mAtra hatuM. pachI e killAnI AsapAsa gAma vasyuM ane e gAmamAMthI eka meTuM AbAda zahera vasavA pAmyuM. jyAre IrAnI kee e nagarane ghere ghAlyo ne jItyuM tyAre e nagaranuM rakSaNa karanArA magarUra saradAroe e nagarane pote jAte ja saLagAvI mUkyuM tyAre emAM saLagI gayelA cAlIsa hajAra vatanInI rAkha UDatI hatI. phInIziyana nagaramAM sauthI mahAna nagara Ayara hatuM. kinArAthI keTalAka mAIla dUra eka khaDaka TApupara e nagara bAMdhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. enI bhavyatA, enI aMdaranI savaDa ane enI maulika salAmatIe ene vepArIonuM pATanagara banAvyuM. AkhA bhUmadhya jagatamAMthI e nagaramAM vepArIo AvIne vasyA hatA ane duniyAne ekeeka ghara moTI vizALa imArato hato. sikaMdara Avyo tyAM sudhI e nagare potAnI delata ane svataMtratA sAcavI rAkhyAM hatAM. jema ekeeka prajAne jarUra paDI che tema phInIziyAne paNa devadevInI jarUra paDI hatI. ekeeka zaheramAM te zaherane bhagavAna bAla hato. e bAla phInIziyAnI badhI dolata ane badhA utpAdanone upajAvanAre hato. AsTATa nAme phInIziyAnI devI

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85 hatI. grIka leAkeA ene ekroDAiTa kahetA hatA. e AsTATane pUjanAra strIe e devInI ArAdhanAnA vidhi tarIke devaLamAM kAI paNa ajANyA mANasasAthe vezyAvRti sevatI hatI. chevaTamAM phrInIziyAmAM meleAka nAmanA bhayaMkara devanI ArAdhanA thavA mAMDI. e ArAdhanAmAM phInIziyana leAkeAe peAtAnA bALakAnAM aliMdAna devAne ApyAM che. saMskRtinA itihAsamAM phrInIziyana leAkeAnuM sthAna AchA mahattvanuM nathI. e vepArI leAkeAe ijIptanuM akSarajJAna khIjI prajAene ApyuM hatuM. vepArI uddezAnI khAtara bhUmadhyanI prajAne eka bIjA sAthe joDI hatI. e vepArI leAkAe icchAmAMthI grIsamAM akSarajJAna utAyuM hatuM. phInIziyAnI pAchaLa AveluM sIriyA eka bIjI sesITika prajAnuM mathaka hatuM. phrInIziyAnI pAchaLa AvelI lIkhAnAnI TekarIonA eLAmAM sIriyAna leAkeAnI rAjadhAnI damAskasa hatI. e nagaranA rahevAsIe semITika jAtanA vepArI hatA. e vepArIe jamIna para sIriyAnA pAne medAnemAM thaI vepAra karatA hatA. sIriyana vepArI mATe kArIgare ne gulAme kAma karatA hatA. damAskasanA rahevAsIenI nIti ne rItarIvAjo ebIleAnane maLatA hatA. dhArmika vaizyAvRti khUba vikAsa pAmI hatI. sIriyAnI mAtA paNa AsTAra hatI. enA utsave khUba duHkhadhyAthI UjavavAmAM AvatA hatA. e devIne aneka balidAne ApavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. sauthI meTa deva Ila athavA Ilu hateA. sIriyAnI dakSiNe paNa eja jAtanI dhArmikatA cAlI rahI hatI e devadevIone prasanna karavA mATe mAbApeA peAtAnAM bALakAnu lohI ApatAM hatAM.

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prakaraNa 10 paziyA saMskRtinA ItihAsamAM phALo ApanAra je parziyAnI vAta ApaNe karIe chIe te parziyA jene ApaNe irAna kahIe che teTaluM na hatuM. te samayanuM parziyA paziyana galaphathI pUrva tarapha eka jamInano nAno TukaDo hatuM. jene paziyana loke pAsa nAme oLakhatA hatA. parvato ane raNathI bharapUra e pradezamAM nadIe nahi jevI hatI. ThaMDI ane tApa khUba sakhta hatAM. enI vastInA vIza lAkha manuSyane jIvatA rAkhavAnuM khAsa kAI sAdhana e pradeza pAse hatuM nahi. eTale e A pradeza vepAra ane yuddhanI lUMTaphATa para nabhate hato. e pradeza para rahetI vasatI mIDIsa lokeAnI jema InDeyuropIyana jAtinI hatI. kadAca e leke dakSiNa raziyAthI AvyA haze. e lokAnI bhASA ane dharma Arya lekonA dharma ane bhASAne khUba maLatAM che. ene eka rAjA DerIasa pahele pitAnI jAtane eka parziyana tarIke Arya vaMzane kaheDAve che. aphaghAnIstAnamAM thaIne hadamAM AvelA Arya lokonI jema e loke paNa pitAnA jUnA pradezane AryAnAvI AryonuM ghara kahevaDAve che. mULa zabda AryAnA uparathI irAna zabda banyo che.

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esIriyAnA vinAzamAM je lokoe khya mubhAga bhajavyo che evA mIDIsa loke kudastAnanA parvamAM pAsuMonA nAmanA pradezamAM I. pU. 837mAM rahetA hatA e ullekha jaDI Ave che. tyAM satAvIza rAjAe judAM judAM satAvIza rAjyo para rAjya karatA hatA. e satAvIza rAjyonA lake traNa jAtanA hatA. ApADAI, bhaDAIne mIDIsa e loke InDoyuropIana hatA. ane I.pU. 1000 varSa pahelA kespIana mahAsAgaranA kinArethI pazcima eziyAmAM AvyA hatA. jhenDa avestA je parziyana lokenA dharma pustakanuM nAma che temAM e purANuM pradezanI smRti jaDI Ave che. e dharma pustakamAM e pradezanuM varNana svarga tarIke karavAmAM Ave che. e pradezaparathI mIDIsa ke samarakaMda ane bukhArA tarapha AgaLane AgaLa parziyA sudhI pahoMcyA hoya ema jaNAya che. DiIosIsa nAmano parziyAne pahele rAjA thayo ane teNe pahelI vAra pATanagara baMdhAvyuM. enI saradArI nIce jhIDIsa loke vadhAre majabUta thayA ane esIriyAne bhayarUpa banyA. parziyAne mIDIsa lokoe chatrIsa akSaravALI pitAnI AryabhASA ApI lakhatAM zIkhavyuM. zIlpakaLAnuM jJAna ApyuM tathA tene pitAnI kuTuMbavyavasthA ApI ane dharma Apyo. tathA e lekamAM eka karatAM vadhAre strI paraNavAno rIvAja dAkhala karyA ane sAhItyane vikAsa karavA uparAMta kAyadAo bAMdhyA. parziyAe mIDIA upara adhikAra jamAvyA pachI samIpapUrvanA badhA pradeza para kAbU meLavavAnI zarUAta karI. parziyAnA rAjAomAM sIrasa khUba mahAna hato. enA jIvana prasaMge sAthe eTalI badhI kalpanAo ke daMtakathAo vaNAI gaI che ke enuM svataMtra vyaktitva jaNAtuM nathI. to paNa te sikaMdara pahelAne

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me ho ho e vAta sAcI che. e khUba suMdara hatA ane enAthI paziyAnA mahAna rAjAonI hAramALA zarU thaI che. eNe mIDIAne parziyAnAM lazkarane ajaya banAvyAM tathA sADasa ane bebIlenane jItI lIdhAM. tathA eka varSa sudhI semITika lokenuM zAsana pazcima eziyAmAMthI baMdha karI dIdhuM. eNe esIriyA, bebIloniyA, lIDiyA ane eziyAmAInerane parziyana sAmrAjyanA vibhAga banAvI dIdhA. e parziyana sAmrAjya romana sAmrAjya pahelAMnuM sauthI moTuM sAmrAjya che. tathA khUba uttama rIte zAsita thayeluM sAmrAjya che. e sIrasanI udAratA enA duzmano paNa jANatA hatA ane tethI te leke enI sAme mArI nAkhavAno ke bharavAne nizcaya karIne laDhatA nahotA. eNe yahudI loko sAthe khUba udAra bhAvavALuM vartana rAkhyuM hatuM. eNe pitAnA sAmrAjyanA judA judA lokone temane phAve te dharma pALavAnI ane game te devadevIne pUjavAnI chUTa ApI hatI. e duzmanonA nagarano nAza karato nahato. tathA devaLane bhAMgI nAkhatA nahotA. e vidhama lokeAnAM deva devI tarapha mAna dharAvato hato tathA bIjA dharmane maMdiromAM bheTa dharato hato. e khUba samaju rIte bedarakArIthI badhA dharmone svIkArate hata ane khUba vivekapUrvaka badhA devenI khuzAmata karato hate. kAraNa ke e jANato hato ke te samayanI prajA karatAM temane bhAga lenArAM devadevIo vadhAre baLavAna hatAM. eNe AkhA samIpapUrvanA pradezane jItyA pachI, kespIana samudranA dakSiNa kinArA para yuddha karatAM jAna kheyo. enA pachI eno athaeN gAMDa dIkaro keslIsIsa nAme gAdIe Avyo. ane eNe enA rAjyanI zarUAta enA smarDasa nAmanA bhAIne mArI nAkhIne karI. eNe ijIptanI dolata viSe sAMbhaLIne

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89 ijIpta upara caDhAI karI. pachI parziyana sAmrAjya nAIla sudhI vistAra pAmyuM. kaeNmlIsasanuM gAMDapaNa vadhatuM jatuM hatuM. eNe chapanA dharmane upahAsa karyAM. tathA eNe ipziyana leAkeAnA sIesa nAmanA devane eNe khaMjara bhAMkayuM. eNe pirAmIDamAM sUtelAM maDadAne bahAra kahADayAM ane kabaremAM nira'kuza pharyAM. eNe ijIptanA devaLeAne bhraSTa karyAM tathA mUrtine saLagAvI mUkavAne hukama karyAM. pachI e mAMdA paDayA. ane mAMdagI tathA gAMDapaNamAM eNe enI peAtAnI eka bahenane mArI nAkhI. tathA peAtAno strI rAkasAne paNa mArI nAkhI. eNe peAtAnA dIkarA rIkasesamIne vIMdhI nAkhyA. bAra parziyana umarAvAne jIvatA dATI dIdhA. e parziyA pAche! jatA hatA tyAre rastAmAM ene khabara maLyA ke enI gAdI khIjA kAI e pacAvI lIdhI che. pachI e ApadhAta karI maraNa pAmyA. enI gAdI pacAvI pADanAra peAte smaraDIza che ama kahetA hatA. paNa e smaraDIzane gAdI parathI uDADI mUkavAmAM AvyuM. sAta umarAve!e hIsTeTIsanA dIkarA DerIasane gAdI para esaDavo. e DerIasa paNa parziyAnA mahAna rAjA hateA. e gAdI para AvyA tyAre isa ane lIDiyAnA gavarnarAe tene svIkAravAnI nA pADI. susIAnA, ebIleAniyA, mIDiyA, esIriyA, ArmIniyA ane sesI tathA bIjA rAjyAe baLavA peAkAryAM. DerIase e sau sAthe yuddha karI temane kaThera rIte dAkhI dIdhA. eNe ekhIleAnane lAMbA vakhata sudhI ghere ghAlI tAme karyuM. tathA ebIlenanA AgaLa paDatA traNa hajAra leAkeAne phrAMsI para laTakAvI dIdhA. tyAra pachI kaI jabarA jhaMjhAvAta jeve e Thera Thera pharI vaLyA tathA adhA baLavAo! zamAvyA. pachI ene parziyana sAmrAjyane rakSavA mATe tenA rAjataMtrane sudhAravAnI jarUra jaNAI. eNe akhatara utArI nAkhyuM. tathA eka vicakSaNa rAjakIya puruSa banyA.

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30 rAmanA patana sudhI anukaraNa karavA jevuM paziyana rAjataMtra rAjya vyavasthAne namUne banI gayuM. paNa kIvAra pAchuM tene yuddhamAM UtaravuM paDayu. eNe enA lazkare dakSiNa raziyAmAM utAryAM. e espharasamAM thaI ne DAnyua ane vAlgA eLagI skIthiyana leAkeAnI pAchaLa paDayA. tyAMthI e adhAnIstAnamAM thaI sekaDA parvatAnI hAramALA pasAra karI siMdhunadInI khINamAM pahoMcyA. tyAra pachI e grIsamAM pahoMcyA. pachI AyeAniyAe maLavA karyAM ane spArTA tathA ethense tene madada karI. pAche DerIasa sagrAmamAM paDayA. merIthAna pAse te hAryAM. ane parziyA AvI maraNa pAmyA.

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prakaraNa 11 lokajIvana vepAraudyoga DerIasanI saradArI nIce parziyana sAmrAjya IjIptamAM, pelesTAInamAM, sIriyAmAM, phInIziyAmAM, lIDIyiAmAM AyoniyAmAM, ke peDesiyAmAM, esIriyAmAM, kekesasamAM, bebIloniyAmAM sIDiyAmAM, aphaghAnIstAnamAM, balucistAnamAM tathA sidhunI pazcime. hindusthAnamAM tathA bIjI eziyAnI jAtamAM vistAra pAmyuM. itihAsamAM A sAmrAjya ghaNuM mahAna gaNAya che. parziyana loko potAnA mULa pradezane AryAnavI, (Aryonu ghara) kahetA hatA. Aje ene irAna kahevAya che. parziyana loka samIpapUrvanA lokomAM khUba sakhata ane laDAyaka banyA hatA. paNa khUba dolata ekaThI thavAthI mulAyama ane zokhIna banyA hatA. e loka mIDiyana pozAka paheratA hatA ane zaNagAra sajatA hatA. paziyAnA lAMbA itihAsamAM ghaNI jAtanI bhASAo vaparAI che. DerIasanA samayamAM parziyana umarAvo.

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tathA darabAranI jUnI parziyana bhASA saMskRtane khUba maLatI AvatI hatI. e jUnI parziyana bhASA dhIme dhIme pAlavI bhASA banI. parziyana lokee jyAre lakhavAnI zarUAta karI tyAre emaNe emanA zilAlekhe mATe bebIloniyAnI bhASAnuM tathA AremIDa akSarane upayoga karyo. bebIloniyAnI traNa cihevALI bhASAne chatrIsa cinhavALI banAvI dIdhI. parziyAne sAmAnya mANasa abhaNa hato kAraNa ke te samayanA zekha bhaNavAnA na hatA. te samayanA parziyAno mukhya dhaMdhe khetIvADIne hato. e dhaMdho parziyAnA bhagavAna AdUramajhadane khUba priya che, ema manAtuM hatuM. cheDeka pradeza saMghakhetI mATe vaparAtuM hatuM paNa jamInane mATe bhAga amIra umarAvinA kabajAnIce hato ane jamInanA moTA bhAgane kheDanArA loka jamInadAronA gulAma banelA kheDUto hatA. te samayanI khetI baLadavALA haLathI karavAmAM AvatI hatI. naheranA bAMdhakAmathI khetarane pANI pUruM pADavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. java ane ghauM e lokeno mukhya khorAka hato, ane e uparAMta khorAka mATe khUba mAMsa ane dArU vaparAtAM hatAM eka kepha kare evuM pINuM semarasa nAmanuM hatuM. e devone khUba gamatuM ema manAtuM hatuM tathA pavitra lekhAtuM hatuM. paNa parziyAmAM udyogane vikAsa joIe tevo thayo nahoto. eNe jItelA samIpapUrvanA mulakamAM hAthaudyogano vikAsa karavA karatAM vepAranA vyavahAra mATe vadhAre dhyAna batAvavAmAM AvyuM che. DerI asanI dekharekha nIce ghaNuM moTA moTA Ijanera bIjA nagare sAthe saMbaMdha bAMdhavA rastAo bAMdhatA hatA. e rastAomAMne eka susAthI sArDasa sudhI hatA ane paMdaraso mAIla lAMbo hato. e rastAone khUba sarasa rIte mApavAmAM

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. 93 tathA AvatA hatA. ane theADe cheDe aMtare rAjAne UtaravAnAM mathake ArAmagAhe bAMdhavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. rastA para bAMdhelA dareka mathake TapAla lAvavA laI javA dheDAe deDatA hatA. susAthI sADIsane padase mAIla jeTale lAMbeka raste pasAra karavAne sAmAnya mANasane tevuM divasa lagatA hatA. paNa TapAlane eja rastA pasAra karatAM ekaja aThavADiyuM lAgatuM. meTI nadIe para heDIe cAlatI hatI paraMtu ijanere) yukreTIsa jevI meTI nadIpara puNe bAMdhI zakatA tathA te para hAthIe paNa cAlI zakatA hatA. parziyAthI jatA bIjA rastAe agAnIstAna thaI hIMdamAM jatA hatA ane hiMdanA dhananA bhaMDArA parziyA lAvavAmAM vepArI rastAnuM susA madhyastha mathaka hatuM. e uparAMta rastAone mukhya uddeza lazkarI paNa hatA. sAmrajyanA parAdhIna mulakeA para zAsana jALavavA mATe ane parAdhIna mulakAne kAnUnIce rAkhavA mATe eja rastA para lazkara dADatAM hatAM. paraMtu e rastAe! para thaI ne judA judA mulakA eka bIjAnI sAthe vicArAnI Apale karatA hatA tathA vepArI save! vadhAratA hatA. parantu jamIna para vyavahAra jeTalA vadhyA hatA ane vikAsa pAmyA hatA teTale vikAsa vahANavaTAne thaye! naheAtA. parziyana leAkA pAse peAtAne svataMtra dariyAI kAleA hateA nahi. e leke zrIkA ane phInIziyAnAM vANA bhADe rAkhatAM hatAM. DerIase eka mATI nahera rAtA samudra ane nAIlamAM thaIne parziyA tathA bhUmadhya mahAsAgarane kheDatI banAvI hatI. paNa DerIasanA vArasadAroe e mahAna AMdhakAma tarapha bedarakArI batAvI. Aje e nahera retIthI purAi gaI che, dhIme dhIme vepAranuM badhuM kAmakAja paradezIonA hAthamAM jatu rahyuM. ekhIleniyana loko zrInIziyana loka ane yahudIleke! mahAna vepArI hatA. parziyana le!! vepArane dhikkAratA gayA. zrImataleAkA vepAra tarapha khedarakArI batAvatA gayA, paNa DerIse vepAra

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"udyogano vikAsa karavA mATe vecANa ane kharIdInA sAdhana tarIke ane leNadeNa karavAnuM sAdhana tarIke Dhore tathA anAjane badale sikako dAkhala karyo. e sikako rUpAno hato tathA enuM nAma DerIka hatuM. parziyAne senAno sikko jharIka kahevAto hato. sa2kA2 paziyAnA jIvananA arthika svarUpamAM vepAra udyoga karatAM rAjakaraNa ane lazkaravAne vadhAre sthAna hatuM. parziyAe parAdhIna mulakAnA eka moTA mahAsAgaramAM eka nAnA sarakhA TApu tarIke pitAnuM jIvana zarU karyuM. pitAnA parAdhIna mulake vaccenuM navuM jIvana sAmAnya rIte bhayaMkara hoya che ane evA jIvanane yuddhakalA ane lazkaravAda khUba khIlavavAM paDe che. parziyAnA rAjakAraNamAM agraNe gaNato rAjA hato. kSAtra evo e rAjAno IlkAba hato. e rAjAnI sattA sArvabhauma hatI. ene izAro thatAM koI paNa jAtanAM nyAyanA kAraNa vinA jAnamAla jhaDapAI jatAM hatAM. Aje yuropanA pradeza para je jAtanI bhayaMkara niraMkuza sattA saramukhatyArI bhogavI rahI che tevI sattA parziyAne mahArAjA bhagavato hato. lokamata dabAI gayo hato. rAjAnI icchA thatAM rAjA kevaLa potAnAM AnaMda khAtara potAnI tiraMdAjInI parikSA karavA kaI paNa bALakane vIMdhI nAkho ane ema karanAra rAjAne bALakane bApa tiraMdAjI mATe vakhANatA. paziyAnA mahArAjAe vakhata jatAM ezaArAmI banatA gayA tathA lazkarane vyavasthita banAvavA karatAM ane rAjakAraNane vicAra karavA karatAM pitAne samaya zokha ane vilAsamAM vitADavA lAgyA. paziyAnA mahArAjAnAM aMtaHpura vadhavA lAgyAM. rAjAnA bALakonI saMkhyA UbharAvA -lAgI. aMta:puranA amaladAree rAjakuTuMbanA kAvatrAmAM rasa levA mAMDyo. rAjyArohaNa pahelAM rAjAnuM khUna, e niyama banavA

Page #105
95 mAMDayo. Aje parziyAnA rAjAne zAha kahevAmAM Ave che ane parziyAnA ilAkAnA uparI adhikArIe! kSatrapeA kahevAya che. hindumAM paNa laDAyaka varga Aja sudhI kSatriya tarIke eLakhAya che. sarakAranI evI paristhitamAM rAjAnI icchA eja mAtra kAyadA hatA ane lazkarI sattA eja vyavasthA hatI. e kAyadA ane e vyavasthA sAme khIjA kAI paNa hakA surakSita nahAtA. ema mAnavAmAM AvatuM hatuM ke rAjA e daivI prANI che ane tethI rAjAnI icchAne parziyAne bhagavAna Ahuramajhada prere che. evI rAjAnI icchA eja kAyade hAvAthI rAjAnI icchA sAme thanAra kAI paNa IzvaranuM aparAdhI lekhAtuM hatuM. sauthI chellI adAlata rAjA pote hatA. rAjA pachI bIjI adAlata sAta nyAyAdhIzeAvALI hAI kATa hatI. ane e hAI ke nIce nAnI nAnI adAlate AkhA rAjya para patharAI gaI hatI. kAyadAoneA mATeA bhAga dharmaguruone hAthe dhaDAtA hatA. e kAyadAonI sAthe ja zikSAenuM eka mAtru zAstra yeAjavAmAM AvyuM hatu. e kAyadAone lazkaranI madadathI parziyAnA rAjA peAtAnA tAbA nIcenA vIza mulakA para rAjya calAvatA hatA. parziyAnuM pATanagara unALA mATe IkabATA hatuM ane khIjA samaya mATe susA hatuM. susAM khUba dUra heAvAthI caDhAI karanArAo mATe asAdhya manAtuM. sika darane susA paheAMcavA mATe be hajAra mAIla jeTale lAMbe rastA kApavA paDayo hatA. pATanagaramAMthI zAsana pAmatA parziyana sAmrAjyanA vistAra vIza IlAkA athavA kSatrapImAM thaye| hatA. dareka IlAkA para parziyAnA mahArAjAe nImele| kSatrapa rAjaya calAvatA hateA. eka kSatrapa pAse lazkarI sattA hatI nahi. dareka IlAkAnI lazkarI sattAnuM niyamana parziyAmAMnI madhyastha sarakAra senApatidrArA karatI. evI lazkarI vyavasthAmAM kSatrape| ane senApatithI svataMtra evA eka maMtrI dareka IlAkAmAM rAkhavAmAM AvatA. e ma`trInuM kAma

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rAjAne lazkarI hIlacAlathI mAhItagAra rAkhavAnuM hatuM. evA maMtrIo pitApitAnA IlAkAnA kSatrapone nahi paNa parziyAnA mahArAjAne sIdhA javAbadAra hatA. e badhA uparAMta paziyAnA mahArAjA pAse eka chUpuM polIsa maMDaLa paNa hatuM. e maMDaLa rAjanAM AMkha kAna tarIke oLakhAtuM hatuM. e maMDaLanA hoddedAre koI paNa samaye koI paNa IlAkAnA sarakArI vahIvaTe tapAsI zakatA hatA ane rAjAnA khAnagI hukamathI koI paNa jAtanuM kAma calAvyA vagara kSatrapone gAdI parathI uThADI mUkatA ke temanuM khUna karAvI zakatA. evA pazinA sarakArI taMtrane chelle vibhAga sarakArI kArakUna hato. saMkhyAbaMdha kArakUne sarakArI vahIvaTanAM kAmakAja karatA hatA. evI jAtanA rAjataMtravALuM paziyAna sAmrAjya remana sAmrAjya pahelAnA sAmrAjyamAM sAmrAjyazAhInA saphaLa prAgavALuM manAtuM hatuM. ekeeka parAdhIna mulakanI prajAone temanI bhASAo, rItarIvAjo, nItinAM dhoraNe, dharmo, calaNanA sikkAo tathA rAjavaMze jALavI rAkhavA devAmAM AvatA hatA. pitAne gharane vadhAre julmI rAjyakartAonA zAsana nIce pasAra thayelI bebIleniyA, pelesTAIna ane phInIziyAnI prajAo pitAnI jAtane vadhAre surakSita ane saMtuSTa mAnatI hatI. kalA vijJAna bIjI vastuonI jema parziyAna loke bebIlonathI vijJAnane lAvyA hatA. e vijJAnanI zarUAta vaidaka zAstrathI thaI hatI. vaidaka zAstra dharmaguruonA hAthamAM hatuM. vaidaka dharmaguruo judI judI jAtanA eka lAkha rogone gaNavatA hatA. ane e roganA upAya tarIke Aregya vijJAna sAthe jAdune meLavatA hatA. ghaNavAra e leke davAone badale maMtra jatrane upacAra karatA hatA. ghaNe vakhata jatAM vaidaka zAstrane vikAsa thayo ane vaide tathA

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97 DokaTaronAM maDaLe! jAmyAM. vaidA dharmaguruonI mAphaka sAravAra karatA hatA. ane zarUAtanA vaidA peAtAnA upacAranA prayAge! garImA ne paradezIo para karatA-parziyAnA bhagavAnanA nAme parziyAnuM dharmAMzAstra kahetu hatu ke parziyAnA bhagavAna huramajhadanI evI AjJA che ke zarUAtane vaida potAnA upacArAnA prayAga| bhagavAnanA bhakatapara nahi kare paNu devale keAnA (dusattvanA) bhakatA para karaze. kevaLa zilpavijJAnamAM parziyana leAkA pAse peAtAnI navI kalAe che. sIrasa DerIasa ane jhasasanA samayamAM navI navI kabare! ne mahAlaye bAMdhavAmAM AvyAM. sIsane DerIasanA samayamAM meTAmeTA rastAe! bAMdhavAmAM AvyA hatA. tathA nahera bAMdhavAmAM AvI hatI. Aje e parziyana zilpakalAnA smArahajAra varSanA jUnA chatAM paNa dareka kalA 3mAM je kAMI jIvavA pAmyuM che te e jUnA devaLe! ne mahAlayAnA khaMDere che te mATe kahI zakAya te parziyana kalA mATe kahevAya che ke temAM badhAM tattvA uchInA levAmAM AvyAM hatAM. sIrasanI kabarane AkAra lIDiyAmAMthI levAyeA hate.. pattharanA staMbhAnuM anuaraNa esIriyAmamAMthI gayuM hatuM. ane eja rIte isa ane nInIveha ane ekhIleAna pAsethI parziyana kalAe ghaNI vastuo uchInI lIdhI che. tha IzunA janma pahelAM seMkaDA varSa pUrve eka meATA kirastAne janma AryAnAvinne ( AryanuM ghara )mAM thaye!. tyAMnA leAkA e kristAne jarathrusta tarIke oLakhe che. grIka leAkeA ene jhArASTra kahetA hatA. jema dharmanI vibhUtimAM daivI ane gUDha tattva umerI devAmAM Ave che tevI rIte jarathrustamAM karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM.

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somanAmanA pavitra manAtA choDavAmAM eka devadUtane praveza thayo. devane balidAna detI vakhate dharmagurumAM e samarasamAM beThelA devadUte praveza karyo. eja vakhate eka khUba umadA kuLanI kumArIkAmAM eka daivI kiraNe praveza karyo. dharmaguru e kumArIkA sAthe paraNyA. dharmagurumAM peThelA devadUtane devI kumArIkAmAM peThelA kiraNa sAthe saMyoga thayo. ane kumArikAne jarathusta sAMpaDe. pachI e maTe thayo tyAre DahApaNa ane saguNanA premamAM paDe. eNe mAnava samAja tajI dIdhe tathA jaMgalamAM phaLaphUla khAIne rahevA lAge. ghaNA varSanA tapa pachI ene bhagavAna Ahuramajhade (Land of light) darzana dIdhAM ane enA hAthamAM evestA (jJAnanuM pustaka) mUkayuM ane pharamAvyuM ke avestAmAM lakhyA pramANenA jJAnano lokomAM pracAra karaje ema dharmakathA kahe che. ghaNA vakhata sudhI AkhI duniyAe ene rIbAvyo ne satAvyo paNa chevaTe IrAnanA eka mahArAjA vistApe ene AnaMdathI sAMbhaLyo tathA pitAnA lekamAM navo dharma phelAvavAnuM vacana ApyuM. daMtakathA jharathustanA udayanI ane jhorAstrI ane dharmane pracAranI evI vAta bele che. rAtrIana dharmane sthApaka jharathusta khUba varSa jIvya ane pachI vIjaLI paDavAthI maraNa pAmI svargamAM gayo. karasthata ane enA dharmano udayakALa grIkaloke paMcAvano varSa jUno hovAnuM kahe che. bebIloniyAne bIre sasa jarathustanA kALane izu pahelAM be hajAra varSa jUno gaNe che. tathA bIjA loke ema paNa kahe che ke jarathusta izu pahelAM chathI daza saikAdaramyAna thayo haze. jyAre jarathustano udaya thayo tyAre mIDIsa ane paziyana lakAnA pUrvajo prANuonI pUjA karatA hatA. tyAra pachI e pUrva vedakALanA AryonI sAthe pRthvI, pANI, vAyu, teja ane

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AkAzane bhajatA hatA. e pUrvajo sUryane bhagavAna tarIke pUjatA hatA. pRthvIne anitA devI tarIke pUjatA hatA. tathA AkhalAne paNa deva mAnatA hatA. e Akhalo maraNa pAmI pAcho janmate hatA ane mAnavajAtanuM poSaNa karavA potAnuM lohI Apato hato. evA AkhalAne parziyana lokonA pUrvajo ane vedakALanA A pUjatA hatA. tathA temanAmane dArU pItA hatA. A badhuM joIne jarathusta AghAta pAmI gayo. eNe te samayanA bhairava athavA dharmaguruo sAme baLavo pokAryo tathA khUba bahAdurI pUrvaka badhAM devadevIne nAza mAgyo. tathA AThe pahera bhAga bhagatI devadevIonI bhUMjADane badale Ahuramajhada nAmanA eka bhagavAnanI sthApanA pokArI. samAjanA je saMjogomAM nAnA nAnA ThAkora ne rAjAono nAza thaI cUka hato. tathA nAnAmoTA mulaka para svAmItva bhogavatA eka cakravati rAjAno adhikAra sthapAI cUkayo hato, tyAre jema pRthvI para hatuM tema svargamAM paNa eka ja svAmInuM Adhipatya sthapAya e svAbhAvika hatuM. DerIasa pahelAe dharmane A navo siddhAMta svIkAryo tathA tene svIkAravAmAM potAnI vadhAre salAmatI joI. tathA jhare strI ane dharmane sarakArI dharma banAvyuM. avestA athavA jJAnanuM pustaka je Aje parziyana dharmanuM dharmapustaka che te judI judI jAtanI prArthanAothI, gItathI, daMtakathAothI, vidhAnothI, kriyAothI tathA naitika pharamAnothI bhareluM che. avestAna ghaNu zabdo, vicAro ne vAkayo, vedamAMthI levAmAM AvyA che. jANe AkhuM avestA AhuramajhadanI preraNAthI nahi paNa vedamAMthI lakhAyuM hoya tevuM che. duniyAnI daitabhAvamAM kalpanA karavAmAM AvI che tathA be virodhI tattvonA kalaharUpe tene cItaravAmAM AvI che ane bhraSTa banelA grIka ane AryonI jema

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100 maraNa pAmelA manuSyanAM zarIre dATavA ke bALavA na joIe paNa gIdha ke kUtarAne nAkhI devAM joIe ema kahevAmAM AvyuM che. pachI bhagavAna AhuramajhadanuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. AhuramajhadanuM zarIra tejanuM baneluM che. tathA e zarIra paranAM vo AkAzanAM banelAM che. ahuramajhadanI AMkhe caMdra ane sUraja che, tathA kudaratanI badhI zaktio e eka bhagavAnanI zaktio che. badhI jAtanI nItio sadaguNa tathA zakitao AhuramajhadanA daivI mAnasanA guNe che. badhI jAtanA aniSThA para AhuramajhadanA duzmana AharImAno adhikAra hoya che. krizciyana lokonA bAyabalamAM je zetAnano ullekha karavAmAM Ave che te yahudI lokoe parziyAnA dharmamAMthI lIdho che ema kahevAya che. A rIte ghaNA devadevIonI pUjAne badale eka ja bhagavAnanI sthApanAnI zarUAta vedakALa sAthenA parziyAe karI che. judAM judAM to ane zaktino saravALo karI tene AhuramajhadamAM zamAvyo che tathA kudarata ane jagatanA banAvonA ukela ApavAno prayatna Ahuramajhada ane AharImAnamAM karyo che. te samayanA saMjogoe ghaDelA lokamAnasane anurUpa evo e manuSyanA dharmane vikAsa hato. nIti zubha ane azubhanA kalahanA svarUpamAM jagatanuM citra derI jhorestrIana dharme lokamAnasane khUba jAgRta karyuM. tathA lokAcAramAM nItinAM pharamAno zaktimAna banAvyAM. have e nItinuM svarUpa kevaLa pharamAnamAM rahevAne badale vikAsa pAmatI jatI dharmanI bhAvanA sAthe naitika vicArasaraNImAM pariNAma pAmyuM. - manuSyane samarAMgaNamAM jhajhUmatA eka ddhA sAthe sarakhAvavAmAM Avyo hato. bhagavAna Ahuramajhada ke zetAna AharImAnanI sattAne sainika hato. tathA pote zubha tathA azubhano samarAMgaNuM

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11 hato. evI rIte zarUAta pAmatuM rastrI ane dharmanuM nItizAstra vikAsa pAmatuM hatuM. manuSyane enA nItimAna jIvanamAM daivI sAtha hate. tathA ene enA naitika jIvanamAMthI teDI pADanAra zetAna ke AharImAnane bhaya hato. strI ane nItizAstra pramANe manuSya eka svataMtra vyaktitvavALuM tathA svataMtra icchAzaktivALuM prANI hatuM. tathA manuSyane enA saMjogone AdhIna nahi paNa enI IcchAone svAmI gaNavAmAM Avato. e rIte manuSyane nItimAna ke anItimAna thavAnA hakavALuM svataMtra prANI gaNavAmAM AvatuM. naitika vyaktivAdI vicArasaraNInI A zarUAta hatI. avestAmAM lakhyA pramANe manuSyanI mukhya traNa pharaje hatI. duzmanane mitra banAvavAnI, duSTa manuSyane saguNuM banAvavAnI tathA ajJAnane jJAnavAna karavAnI. dayA e sauthI me sadguNa hato. vAlI sAthenA AcAramAM vinaya tathA pramANikatA e bIjo saguNa hato. te samayanuM e vyavahArU nItizAstra bolatuM hatuM ke zrImatie garIba pAsethI vyAja levuM na joIe tathA vyAja vinAnI paisAnI dhIradhAra pavitra lekhAvI joIe. - strI ane nItIzAstranI dRSTie sauthI moTAmAM moTuM pApa azraddhA hatuM. jarmamAM azraddhA rAkhanArane mArI nAMkhavo e dhArmika vidhi hato. nAstika tathA vidharmIo tarapha koI paNa jAtanI udAratA batAvavI te nItithI virUddha hatuM. ekeeka paradezI nIca jAtano manAto hato kAraNa ke te vidharma hato. AkhI duniyAmAM parziyana dharma pALanAra manuSya ja UMcA kuLanAM tathA sarvottama manAtAM. e rIte udaya pAmelA paziryane dharma ane paziyana nItizAstra te samayanA dharmo ane nItionA vikAsarUpa hatAM. DerI asanA samayamAM jhorostrIana dharma rASTrIya dharma baLe.

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102 nItinA AcAra ekeeka dezamAM sAmAjIka saMjogeA pramANe nakkI thatI naitika vicArasaraNIne anurUpa evA naitika AcArA UtarI Ave che. ane e AcArAne UkelatAM ApaNane samajAI jAya che ke game tevI meATI bhAvanAvALA dharma nItinAM svarUpA AcAramAM Utare che tyAre mULamAM te samayanA Arthika sabadhAne anurUpaja ghaDAtA hAya che. duniAnA itihAsanI tavArIkhamAM saMskRtInA pahelA vyavasthita svarUpa jevA racAyalA parziyAnA naitika AcArA kevA hatA te ApaNe jovA joi e. parziyAnA sauthI meATA rAjA DerIasa pahele|, enA eka smArakamAM lakhe che ke phevarIzane pakaDavAmAM AvyeA ane pachI mArI pAse lAvavAmAM AvyA. me enAM kAna nAka kApI nAkhyAM tatha enI bh kApI nAkhI tathA enI AMkhe! kAtarI nAMkhI. pachI ene kheDIe paherAvI mArA darabAramAM rAkhavAmAM AvyeA. sau leAka ene jovA mATe TALe maLatAM hatAM. chevaTe meM ene IkabATInAmAM zULIe caDhAvI dIdhA........AhuramajhadanA mane majabUta Teke hatA. bhagavAna AhuramajhadanA rakSaNa nIce mArA lazkare baLavAkheArAnI katla karI tathA, sIrAMkAkhArAne keda karyo. pachI me enAM kAna nAka kApI nAkhyAM ane AMkhA kAtarI nAkhI, mArA darabAramAM ene 'dIvAna tarIke rAkhavAmAM AvyA. leAkeAe ene joce! ne pachI me' ene zULIe caDhAvyA." parziyAnI sarakArI nItine AcAra Ave! karapINa hatA. rAjadrohIonI katala karavAmAM AvatI tathA kedIone gulAme tarIke vecavAmAM AvatA. aLavAkhAra prajAonA nagarane tArAja karavAmAM AvatAM tathA temanI strIo ane bALakAne vecavAmAM AvatAM. para`tu zAsakeAnA AcArAthI leAkeAcAranI nIti eLakhAtI nathI. sAmAnya rIte parziyana naranArIe khUba sArAM ane udAra

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13 hatAM. lAgaNIvALAM ane vinayI hatAM. jyAre sarakhe sarakhAM maLatAM tyAre eka bIjAne bheTatAM ane eka bIjAnA haTha para cuMbana karatAM. jyAre koI nIcI paMktinuM mANasa koI UMcA darajjAnA mANasone maLatuM tyAre nIcI paMktinuM mANasa namIne praNAma karatuM ane cuMbana mATe pitAne gAla dharatuM. raste cAlatA khAvuM ke rastA para thUkavuM athavA nAka sApha karavuM e avinaya ane anItimAna kriyAo manAtI. svacchatA meTAmAM moTe saguNa lekhAto hato. cepI roga e paNa eka me guno manAtA hatA. mIjabAnI ane utsavamAM lAke dhoLAM kapaDAM paherIne ekaThAM thatAM hatAM. A badhA uparAMta zarIra ane AtmAnI zuddhi mATe AryonA vedamAMthI utarI AvelA jhorestrIyana dharmazAstramAM khUba vidhAna hatAM. nItinA niyamane bIjo AcAra anItine daMDavAne heya che. evA daMDanuM nirmANa paNa rastrIyana dharmazAsse karyuM hatuM. te vakhatanI jAtIya nItine ullaMghanArAM strI-purUSone mArI nAkhavAmAM AvatAM hatAM, kumArIkAo tathA nahi paraNanArA puruSone uttejana ApavAmAM nahotuM AvatuM. eka puruSa ghaNuM strIo sAthe lagna karI zakato. vadhAremAM vadhAre bALakanuM janma pramANu e kuTuMbane saguNa lekhAte. rAtrIana dharmazAstrI kahe che ke je puruSa paraNelo che te nahi paraNelA puruSa karatAM uttama prakAra che. je kuTuMbamAM bALake che te bALaka vinAnA kuTuMba karatAM uttama prakAranuM che. prANIomAM kUtara ane baLada emanI prajanana zaktine lIdhe pUjavA lAyaka manAtA hatA. mAbApo pitAnA bALakonA vivAha karatAM hatAM, te chatAM paNa lagnamAM pasaMdagIne pUrato avakAza hato. ghaNAMkharAM lagno bhAIo ane bahena vacce thatAM hatAM. paziryana lokAcAramAM mAtA ane putranAM ane bApa ane dIkarInAM

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104 lagna thatAM hatAM. parziyAnA gharasaMsAramAM zrImaMta le ke ghaNuM strIo rAkhI zakatA. * jhare strI ane dharmanA udaya pachI tarata ja strIonuM sthAna sudharatuM hatuM. jUnI ghAtakI nIti maraNa pAmatI hatI. strI bura nAkhyA vinA jAheramAM pharI zakatI hatI, milakatanI mAlika banI zakatI hatI tathA vyavasthA karI zakatI hatI. paNa parziyAnA AgaLa vistAra pAmatA sAmrAjyamAM te vakhatanA lazkarI saramukhatyArene strIone gulAma banAvavAnuM vadhAre ThIka lAgyuM. dhIre dhIre strIone rasoDAmAM pUrI rAkhavAmAM AvI tathA paDadA pAchaLa saMtADavAmAM AvI. paraNelI strIne pitAnA najIkanA sagAMone jevAne paNa pratibaMdha karavAmAM AvyuM. paraNelI strI potAnA bApa ke bhAInuM moTuM joI zakatI nahi.

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prakaraNa 12 pUrva ItihAsa - pelesTAIna juDiyA bIrabAthI 150 mAIla uttare phIlIsTAInanA TApuothI paccIsathI eMzI bhAIla dakSiNe sIriyAnI pazcime ane emAITasanI pUrve pelesTAInanI bhUmi AvI che. pelesTAInanuM e durbhAgya hatuM ke e nAIla ane yukreTIsanA pATanagarathI barAbara madhya raste AvyuM. sAmrAjyavAdI bhUtAvaLe e pATanagaronI paDezamAM hovAthI pelesTAInane vepArane lAbha maLyo ane yuddhane svAda paNa cAkhe paDavo. eka vakhate pelesTAIna dUdha ane madhathI UbharAte pradeza hato. izu pachInA eka saikA sudhI khetI mATe e khUba phaLadrupa ane suMdara sthaLa hatuM. phaLaphUlathI UbharAtAM e pelesTAIna para nadIo UbharAtI nahotI paNa varasAda joIe teTalo relAto hato. khetIvADIne piSaka evI nahere kUvAo ane taLAvo pelesTAinanI yahudI saMskRtine paSatAM hatAM. varSAdathI piSAtI evI pelesTAinanI

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106 jamIna para java, ghauM, drAkSa, elIva, aMjIra, khajUra vagere aneka jAtanAM kLA pAkatAM hatAM. paNa pachI vepAranA saMgamAM yuddo AvyAM ane yudghanA khUnakhAra jaMgAmAM pelesTAinanI dharatI paranA kUvAe pUrAI gayA. naherA tUTI paDI ane taLAvA sUkAI gayAM. dhIme dhIme pelesTAInanI dharatI para raNu patharAtuM gayuM ane ceDAMja varSomAM te| sakAenA zrame racelAM sa`skRtinA svarUpA vikhAI javA mAMDayAM. evA pelesTAInanA itihAsa ghaNA jUnA che, yahudIle!ke ema mAne che ke azrAhAmanA anuyAyIe sumeriyAmAMthI I. pU. 2200 varSAM pahelAM AvyA ane pelesTAInamAM vasyAM pachI pelesTAInane ijIptanAM lazkarAe tArAja karyuM ane yahudIleAkAe gulAma tarIke ijIptamAM praveza karyAM. tyAra pachI dhIme dhIme pelesTAInamAMthI theDA yahudIleke ijIptamAM vasavA gayA. e rIte ijIptamAM vaselA yahudIlokeAnA bALakonuM prAmANa vadhatuM ja cAlyuM. jyAre me!sese yahudI lokone sInAi pa ta tarapha deryAM tyAre te eka hajAra varSa pahelAM nakkI thayelA raste jatAM hatAM. e rastAnAM raNeAmAM e kAne cALIsa varSa sudhI rakhaDavuM paDayuM ane kenAnane jItavuM paDayuM. e vijetAoe kaeNnAnamAM vasatA leAkeAnI jeTalI katala thaI zake teTalI karI ane vadhI paDelI strIonI saMkhyAne paraNI gayA. kainAnane pacAvI pADanArA dhArmikA ema mAnatA hatA ke emane e leAnI katala karavAne bhagavAnane Adeza thayeA hatA. evA Adezane sAMbhaLanArAoe e katalane khUba AnaMdathI UjavI ane savAlAkha mANasAne mArI nAMkhyAM. e vijetAe sAthe e saradAreA hatA. eka meAsesa ane khIjo jozuA mesesa mahAtmA hatA. ane tethI khUba sthira evA rAjakAraNI puruSa hatA. jozuA AMkha mIcIne talavAra calAve evA sIdhAsaTa cAho hatA. meAsesane aMtaranA avAjo saMbhaLAtA hatA ane devA sAthe mulAkAta thatI hatI. eTale

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107 bhagavAnanA nAmamAM mesIsa vijetAonA naphA mATe ahiMsA upadezato hato jyAre jozuA mAre tenI talavAra e nyAyamAM mAnate. hatuM. eTale talavArathI rAjya karatA hatA. evI rIte talavAra ane ahiMsAno sumeLa sAdhI raNavagaDAnA vikaTa pravAso pasAra karI bhagavAne prabodhelA evA "premIsTa lenDa"no yahudI lokoe kabajo lIdho. aitihAsika vikAsa evI rIte AvanAra e loke mATe ema kahI zakAya ke e lake semITika loko hatA ane pazcima eziyAnA vatanI hatA, mesesanA anuyAyIo hatA, tathA sArA vepArIo hatA. e rIte AvanAra e vijetAo eka saMyukta prajA tarIke rahevAne badale bAra TeLImAM vaheMcAI rahevA lAgyA. e badhI TeLIo sarakArI dhoraNe nahi paNa kulapatinA saMdhanA dhoraNe vyavasthA jALavavA lAgI. samUha kuTuMbamAM rahetA e che ke eka sAthe khetI karatA ane Dhorane ucheratA. saMskRtinA te samayanA e saMjogoe emanI zarUAtanI rAjakIya paristhiti ghaDI. dhIme dhIme e samUha kuTuMbavALA gAmomAMthI nAnAM zahera banatAM gayA. ane kulapatioe nakkI karelA AcAramAM samAI gayelI vyaktio bahAra AvatI gaI ane vyaktinA AviSkAra sAthe kuTuMba saMsthA nabaLI paDatI gaI. yahudI lokonuM jIvana aitihAsika palaTo letuM hatuM. have yahudIlekene doranAre saMgha kulapationo nahi paNa ddhAono banato gayo. jayAre jayAre yuddha pAse dekhAtuM tyAre tyAre ddhAonI saradArIvALI. TaLIo eka thaI jatI. kAma calAu rAjAnI nImaNuMka thatI. evo pahelo rAjA sola nAmano thayo. pAchuM aitihAsika vikAsanuM navuM svarUpa prakANyuM. rAjAzAhI sAthe AvatAM aniSTa ane kAyadAo banne sAthe AvyAM. sole phIlIsTAIna sAthe yuddho khelavA mAMDyA

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108 e yuddonA khUnakhAra kALa pachI DevIDa gAdInazIna thayA e DevIDanI vAta bAibalanI daMtakathAomAM vikhyAta che. eNe gAliAthanI katala karI jonAthAna ane bIjI aneka kumArikAe sAthe prema karyo. teNe ardhA nAgA zarIre nAca karyAM. eNe sAraMgInA zAkha bhAgavyA. e gAnatAna pAchaLa gultAna anya. evA e DevIDa enA AvegeA ane Aveze mATe dharmanA sAhityamAM prakhyAta che, e enI TALInA te samayanA bhagavAna jevA dayALu ne ghAtakI hatA. e enA kedInI eka sAthe katala calAvatA ane kAI kAdavAra enA bhagavAnanI jema duzmanane mAk paNa karatA pachI salAmana gAdIe AvyA. dharmaguruoe kahyuM ke sAlemana bhagavAnane khUba priya che. bhagavAna yAhavehane priya evA e rAjAe gAdInA khIjA harIpha vArasadArAnI katala karI. bhagavAna yAhavehane A katala pasaMda paDI che ema dhamaguoe karyuM. pachI bhagavAnane priya evA e rAjAe bhegavAya teTalA vilAsA bheAgavavA tarapha peAtAne eka hAtha laMbAvyA. paNa bIjA hAthe bhagavAnanA nAmamAMja leAkAne kAyadA ane vyavasthA zikhavavA mAMDavyAM. aMdara adaranA kalahe echA karyAM ane leAkAne udyoga tarapha preryAM. DevIDe AMdhelA jeselamanA pATanagaramAM seleAmane peAtAne mukAma rAkhyA ane e paoNTanagaramAM rahIne eNe pelesTAInanI dolata vadhAravA mAMDI. e pATanagara vepAranA mukhya rastApara hatuM. rAjAzAhIe ANelI vyavasthAnA aMkuza nIce jeselama khUba meATuM bajAra banyuM. samIpa pUrvAMmAM jeselame TAyara ane phInIzIA sAthe vepArI saMbadhA AMdhyA. rAjA seleAmane vepArI udezA sAthe karatAM jahAjo paNa taiyAra karyAM. ane rAtA samudra upara chUTAM mUkayAM. seleAmananA vepArIee arebiyA ane AphrikA sAthe dhIkatA vepAra zarU karyAM. arebiyAmAM sAle!mane senA ane hIrAnI khANA paDAvI. arebiyAnI rANI zebAe sAthe mananI madada mAgI. sAtheAmane e madadanA badalAmAM

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109 sAnAnA DhagalA mAgyA. arebiyAnI lUMTane lIdhe selemane pelesTA-inanI de|lata anekagaNI vadhArI. e dolatano meTA bhAga eNe aneka strIe sAthe paraNavAmAM reAkaLyA ane phrInIziyA tathA jIsa sAthe mitrAcArI bAMdhI eNnA pATanagarane bAMdhyu, killAne samarAvyA lazkare| vadhAryAM, vyavasthAne sudhArI ane pelesTAInanA leAkeAne eka prajA banAvI. e rIte vyavasthita thayelI sarakArane nibhAvavA eNe vepArane uttejana ApyuM. pelesTAinathI pasAra thatA vepArI kAphalA para kara nAkhyA, eNe enI prApara judAjudA verA nAkhyA ane e rIte eNe jeselamanA bajArAmAM patharAe! karatAM rUpAne vadhArI mUkyuM. eNe pATanagaranA zRMgAramAM bhagavAna yAhavehanu bhavya evu maMdira caNAvyu ane peAtAne mATe jabarajasta mahAlaya caNAvyA. sAta pamAM aMdhAyalA e madire sAtheAmananI prajAne eka bhagavAnanA maMdiramAM ekaThI karI, lAkhA mantrAe e maMdira ane mahAlayanA caNataramAM varSosudhI jAta mahenata khI. e pramANe leAkeAne eka bhagavAna ane eka rAjAnIce saMyukata karI selemane AnaMda bhegavavA mAMDayo. eNe dhIme dhIme bhagavAna ane dha tarapha vadhAre dhyAna ApavA mAMDayuM. dharma ane rAjakAraNanI imAratAe khUba mahenata ane dravya kharcAvyAM hatAM. ane rAjakArabhAranA bhAgavilAsamAM dhaNAleAkA garIba thaI gayA hatA. jyAre sAleAmana maraNa pAmyA tyAre ghaNA garIba leAkeA ane kAmivanAnAM majUrA UbharAtAM hatAM. bhavya dhummaTavALA maMdira ane mahAlayanA caNatarathI leAkeAmAM zAnti jaLavAI zake tema hatuM nahi. dharmagurue ane vidvAne dhIme dhIme yAhave bhagavAnanA nAmamAM dhArmika rASTrIyatA UbhI karatA hatA. yahudI leAkeAne dhArmika zraddhA ane jIvananI sAdA upadezatA hatA. paNa ekalI sAdAIthI cAle tema hatuM naMha. vijetA yahudIleAkeAnA sattAvAna vage bhagavAna yAhavehanuM taddana

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110 navI jAtanuM ane joradAra svarUpa nirmANa karavAno vicAra karyo. -bhagavAna yAhahanA nAmamAM eka navo deva banAvavAmAM Avyo, e deve yahudI lokone pharamAna karyuM ke dareka yahudInuM ghara e devane dharAvAtA, bheganA pavitra lohIthI kharaDAvuM joIze. yahudIkeno e na bhaga. vAna dharmaguonI jIbhadvArA vADIo banyo hato ane dharmaguruo dvArA ja upadeza ApatA hatA. yahudIlokeAnA vijetA sattAvAna vargo pitAnI mUrtimAM barAbara Utare evo bhagavAna ghaDyo hato. e bhagavAna yAhunI mAraphata mukhya bhagavAna yAhave eka jabarajasta zAhIvAdI lazkare bhagavAna banato hato. ilIaDanA devonI jema e bhagavAna lazkarano bhagavAna hato ane lokone madada karavA rAjakAraNamAM jhaMpalAvate hato ane yuddhamAM Utarato hato. mesesa kahe che ke bhagavAna yuddhane mAnavI che. ane DevIDe e navA bhaga vAnane nAmamAM bUma pADI hatI ke bhagavAna mArA hAthamAM yuddhanuM baLa Ape che. e bhagavAnanA nAmamAM yahudIleke paradezIne hAMkI kADhatA hatA ane navA navA pradezo paDAvatA hatA. koI paNa manuSyane cItarI caDhAve ane AghAta pamADe evA ghAtakI vartA e yuddhano bhagavAna AvakArato hato ane yahudIlokene bIjI prajAnI katala karavA hukama ApatAM kaheto hato ke "badhA lokonAM mAthA utArI nAkho ane temane sUraja sAme laTakAvI do. e navo bhAgavAna e to ghAtakI hato ke e yahudIlAne paNa bIjA kaI bhagavAnane bhajavA mATe athavA mosesa sAme baLavo karavA mATe khAI javAnI dhamakI Apato hato. abrAhAma ane mesesa e vipharelA bhagavAnane zAMta pADavA ane naitika siddhAntone samajAvavAno prayatna karatA hatA. e bhagavAnanA nAmamAM eka kAyadAthI taiyAra karavAmAM AvI hatI. e uparAMta e bhagavAnane bhajavA mATe koI jAtanI khAsa kriyAo nakkI thaI nahotI. ghaNuM samaya sudhI A bhagavAnanI prajAmAM premanuM nAma nizAna hatuM nahi, e

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111 bhagavAnanI bhakita kevaLa bhayaMkara ane bhayAkula hatI. bhavanA svarUpe mAnavajAtane je AzvAsana ane salAmatI ApI zake te yahudI lokone maLatAM hatAM, jyAre samAja para sattA bhAgavate varga bhayaMkara ane yAkuLa hoya che tyAre dharmanA svarUpo paNa evAMja ghAtakI ane bhISaNa hoya che. jyAre samAjanA bahAranA svarUpamAM prema ke AzAnI vAto thAya che tyAre dharmanuM svarUpa paNa e dizAmAM palaTo khAya che. e bhayAkula dharmanI dhArApothImAM mukhya vicAra pApane hato. manuSyanuM zarIra jema maraNadhIna hatuM tema manuSyanuM mAMsa pApI hatuM. manuSyane mATe pApa anivArya hatuM. e pApanA pariNAmo devo ane kudaratano kepa jagAvatA hatAM. pApanA nivAraNane ekaja upAya prArthane athavA yajJamAM balidAna ApavAno hato. prArthanA vinA yajJo nakAmA hatA. ane yajJo vinA prArthanAno upayoga nahato. AryalokenI jema yahudI lokone zaruAtane yamAM manuSyanAM balidAna devAyAM. manuSyanA lohImAMsathI dharAI gayelA bhagavAne pachI pazuonI mAMgaNI karI. khetaronA, bAgabagIcAonA ane prANIonA pahelAM ane tAjA pharajaMdo bhagavAnane bhoga dharAvAtA hatA. je phalaphUlo anAja tathA prANIo bhagavAnane bhoga dharAvAtAM hatAM, je phalaphUlo tathA prANIo bhagavAnanA nAmamAM dharmagurUone dharAvAya tene koI khAI zakatuM nahi. badhA pApI manuSyamAM strI dareka mAse aTakAva vakhate pApI banatI. tathA bALakanA prasava vakhate pApI banatI. e pApanA nivAraNa mATe bhagavAnane prArthanAo karavI paDatI. ane bhoga dharAvavA paDatA. e bhayaMkara bhagavAnanI bhayAkula bhakitae pApane atyaMta vistAra karI mUke. ekeeka IchAmAM koI ne koI pApa DokiyAM karatuM hatuM. ane ekeeka pApa pAchaLa pazcAtApa, prArthanA ane bhoga sUcavAtAM hatAM.

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112 AryalekanI jemaja dharmaguruone bhagavAnane yothI khuza karavAne ijA hatA. dharmaguruo ja dharmanI gUDha vAtane UkelI zakatA hatA. evA e dharmaguruo sattAvAna vargane sAthIdAra hatA, tathA mAnava samAjamAM Ucca gaNAtA hatA. e dharmaguruonI jamAtane keAI paNa jAtanA karaverA ApavA paDatA nahi ane AryalekenI jema badhA dharmaguruo lokonI pedAzane dazame bhAga paDAvatA. e uparAMta bhagavAnanA nAmamAM bhagavAnane dharAvAtA badhA bhAgano upayoga karatA. dhIme dhIme e dharmagurUno varga khUba dhanavAna ane sattAvAna banate jato hato. ane rAjasattAne paNa paDakArato hato. ane bIjI bAju vadhatI jatI rAjasattA sAthe dolata vadhatI jatI hatI. ane ekaThI thatI lata sAthe garIbAInI zarUAta thaI gaI hatI. ane samAjaracanA, khetIvADIthI udyogavAda tarapha vikAsa pAmatI hatI. judA judA kare jAta mahenata karanArA vargapara nAMkhavAmAM AvatA hatA. evA vIza varSo pachI vikAsa pAmatA udyogavAdamAM jerUselamane majUra varga kAma vinAne rakhaDatA hatA. tathA jIvanane TakAvI rAkhavA jIvana sAdhanAnI vikRti tarapha vaLato hato. eka tarapha vilAsa vadhato hato, bIjI bAju bhUkhamarAmAM sapaDAtI janatAnAM duHkho vadhatAM hatAM. meTI moTI milakatavALA mAlike, zeThe ane zAhukAre garIbone cUsatA hatA ane maMdiranI AsapAsa ToLe vaLatA hatA. e rIte zrImaMta ane garIba vacce aMtara vadhatuM jatuM hatuM. gAma ane zahera vacce kalaha vadhato jato hato. e saMjogone pariNAme seleminanA maraNa pachI pelesTAInanA rAjyane be vibhAga paDyA. eka uttara taraphanuM IjharAIlanuM rAjya hatuM ane tenuM pATanagara sapATya hatuM. bIjuM dakSiNanuM juDAhanuM rAjya hatuM ane pATanagara jerUselama hatuM. pelesTAInanA e be vibhAga pachI yahudIlekone AMtarakalaha vadhate gaye, yu vadhatAM gayAM ane yahudI prajA nabaLI paDI. solemananA maraNa pachI TUMka

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113 samayamAM jerUsalema chatI levAmAM AvyuM ane IjIptanA vijetA rAjAne solomane ekaThuM kareluM badhuM senuM bheTa karavuM paDyuM. evA e viparIta saMge hatA. jyAre rAjakAraNamAM bhaMgANa paDyuM hatuM, arthakAraNanA yuddha jAgyAM hatAM ane dharmanuM patana thayuM hatuM tyAre phirastAoe pRthvI para UtaravA mAMDayuM, e phirastAomAMnA thoDA devI manAtA hatA. e leke hadayanAM guDha rahasyo ukelI zakatA hatA. bhUtakALane vAMcI zakatA hatA ane bhaviSya bhAkhI zakatA hatA. thoDA keTalAka dharmA hatA ane te leke unmAdane vaza banI gAnatAnamAM racyApacyA rahetA hatA, kephI pINAM pItA hatA. tAMDava nAca khelatA hatA ane aMtaranA avAje bolatA hatA. ene sAMbhaLanArA mUDha bhakate evA e lokone preraNA pAmelA kahetA hatA. je kaI mANasa viSama banatuM hatuM te gAMDuM gaNavAne badale preraNA pAmeluM gaNAtuM. e uparAMta bIjA thoDA DAhyA gaNAtA loko paNa phirastA hovAno dekhAva karatA hatA tathA udAsInatA sevI sAdhutA keLavatA hatA, zALAomAM bhaNAvatA hatA ane dharmanAM maMdire ke maThamAM rahetA hatA. A badhA sAdhu bAvAo ane phakIrAnA ToLAmAMthI thoDA javAbadAra loko paNa nIkaLatA hatA. e leke pitAnA jamAnAnI sakhta TIkA karatA hatA. e ke phirastAo nahotA ne bhaviSya bhAkhatA nahatA, paNa lokane samajAya tevI bhASAmAM potAnI AzAo ne AzIrvAda tathA pitAnI dhamakIo ane zApa uccAratA hatA. e loko te samayanI samAja ghaTanAno virodha karatA hatA. ane lokone temanI UMghamAMthI jagADavAno prayatna karatA hatA. eka rIte kahIe to e leke TolasToyanA anuyAyI jevA hatA ane udyogavAde vistArelA zoSaNa sAme gusse thayA hatA. emAMnA ghaNAkharAo gAmaDAmAMthI AvatA hatA ane zrImaMto ane zrImaMtAIne nIMdatA hatA. emAMno eka emesa hato. e kaheto hato ke huM

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114 krirastA nathI paNa bharavADa chuM. tathA mArAM gheTAM bakarAM cheDIne methela jovA Avye chuM. eNe ethela joyuM ane e AdhAta pAmyA. eNe jIvananAM sAdhaneAnI jIvaleNa asamAnatA joi, vikrALa jIvanakalahanI harakAI jeI, tathA ghAtakI zASaNa dekhyuM. e sAde saraLa mANasa gusse thayeA. eNe ethelanA daravAjAmAM UbhA rahI zrImatA ane zrImaMtAI para zrApa varSAvavA mAMDayA. " jeTalA tame le!ke! garIbene kacaDA che! ane e leAkeAnI jAta mahenate pakavelA anAjanA DhagalA laI le che. teTale! tamArA vinAza najadIka che. tame lekee ArasapahANanI imArata caNAvI che paNa temAM tame rahI zakavAnAM nathI. tame drAkSanA maMDapeAvALA bAgabagIcA taiyAra karAvyA che paNa tame e drAkSane dArU pI zakavAnA nathI. jIenanI aMdara je leAkeA ezaArAmathI rahe che tene nAza thAe. je leAkA hAthIdAMtanA palaMgA para ve che, gheTAM bakarAMne mArI khAya che, sAragInA tAna para gultAna banI nAce che, dArUnA kaTArAe! pIe che tathA zarIra para attara cepaDe che. temane nAza thAe. bhagavAnane tame balidAne caDhAvatAM hAvA chatAM te tamArI mijabAnIne dhikkAre che. tamArA alidAne ne te bhagavAna pAse gAze svIkAra karatA nathI. tame tamArA saMgIta nahi, kAraNa ke te svIkAraze nahi. kALane nyAya eka joradAra pravAhanI jema tamArA para UtarI AvyA che. " jagatanA sAhityamAM A navIja jAtane sUra hateA. eziyAnA sAhityanA itihAsamAM pahelIja vAra sAmAjika viveka, sArAsArane cAkkasa AkAra letA hatA. pracalita nItie para prahAra karatA hatA. zrImaMtAI te aTakI javAne zrApa dete hatA. emeAsanA A avAjamAM jANe zune sAda ghuMTAtA hatA. eja samaye samAriyAmAM paNa eka bIjo phirastA vikarelA zrImata varganA nAza uccAratA hatA. e hAsIA hatA.

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115 hasIA bolato hato ke e lokee pavananI vAvaNuM karI che ane pariNAme jhaMjhAvAta sAMpaDavAno che. I. pU. 733 mAM pelesTAInamAM AMtarakalaha phATI nIkaLyo. eka pakSe esIriyAnI madada mAgI. te pakSe esIriyA AvyuM. dAmasakrasa jItAyuM. be lAkha yahudI lokone esIriyAe gulAmo banAvyAM. e arasAmAM phirastA isAyAe dekhA dIdhI. e rAjakAraNI puruSa hato. eNe joyuM ke jugahanuM rAjya ijIptanI madadathI paNa esIriyAnI sAme Takakara jhIlI zake tema nathI. eNe samAriyAnuM patana joyuM. enI AMkhe uttaranA rAjyano aMta dekhAya. e rAjakAraNa puruSa kaheto hato ke nyAyathI vartavuM joIe ane pachI pariNAma bhagavAna yAhavehanA hAthamAM soMpI devuM joIe. ene khAtarI hatI ke bhagavAna yAhave esIriyAno aMta ANaze. eTaluM ja nahIM paNa e kahetuM hatuM ke yahudI lokone e bhagavAna moAba, sIriyA, yupiyA, IjIpta, bebIlona ane TAyarane paNa vinAza karaze. e phirastAnI vANI arthakAraNe jamAvelA zeSaNa sAme gusso ThAlavatI hatI. ane eNe te samayanI ThAkarazAhI para ane zrImaMtonI jamAta para zrApa varSAvyA. "bhagavAna pote tamAre rAjAone nyAya telaze, kAraNake tame loke garIbae banAvelA drAkSanA bagIcAo khAI gayA che. tamArA ghare garIbonI lUMTanA mAlathI bharelA che. tamArI garIba janatAnA hADamAMsa cUsI nAkhavA mATe tame zo javAba Ape che? tame ke je loke bIjAnA darabAra paDAvI le che ne khetare paDAvI le che tene vinAza thAo. eka divase tamane AkhI pRthvI para vasavA jeTalI eka tasa paNuM jamIna maLavAnI nathI. ghAtakI kAyadAne sAthe laI je ke nyAyane nAme garIbone raMjADe che teno vinAza thAo. tame zrImaMta loko Aje vidhavAone zikAra banAvo che ane temanA bALakone anAtha banAve che paNa yAda rAkhajo ke dUradUrathI

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116 tamAre vinAza cAlyo Ave che. eka vakhata jyAre tamArI sAme ujajaDa ane verAna banelI dharatI tamane khAvA dhasaze tyAre tamane koI madada karavAnuM nathI ane tamArI jAhojalAlI kAma AvavAnI nathI." e pAchI AgaLa cAlatAM bole che ke "tame leke garIbonI katala calAvo che ane pAchA jagatamAM AdhyAtmikatA ane dhArmikatAne DeALa karI phare che. bhagavAna tamane kahe che ke tame ApelAM balidAno ene kazA kAmanAM nathI. tamArI mIjabAnIone e dhikkAre che. tamArI prArthanAone e tiraskAre che. tame tamArA hAtha bhagavAna pAse dharaze nahi e lohIthI bharelA che. tamAre tamArA khUnI hAtha dhovA joIze. tamAre tamArA AcAranA aniSTo dUra karavAM joIze. tamAre tamArA durAcAra aTakAvavA joIze ane sadAcAra zIkhavA joIze. tamAre nyAyane ArAdhavo joIze ane duHkhIne dIlAso Apa joIze. tamAre anAthane pavavA joIze ane vidhavAone rakSaNa ApavuM joIze." A navI ja jAtanA navA saMjogomAM sarjAtA sAhityano sAda, khUba kaThora ane kaDavo che. paNa e avAjamAM zrImaMta lokonI sudhAraNA mATe nirAzA hatI. e phirastAonA avAjamAM samAjaghaTanAnI sudhAraNA mATe kaI cokakasa kAryakrama nathI paNa dInadayA. ane hRdayapalaTAno upadeza che. yahudIlane e bagaDI gaelA pradezanA mULamAM Arthika asamAnatAnA anyA hatA. phirastAoe e anyAyanAM mULane UkheDI nAMkhavAnA upAyo batAvyA nathI paNa e vighAtaka ane viparIta samAjaracanAne badalI nAMkhavAne koI camatkAranI AgAhI dekhADI che. e phirastAo dhArmika jAdunA nAmamAM pIDita lekene mUrkha banAvatA belavA hatA, "duHkhI loke sAMbhaLo tamArAM duHkhene aMta lAvavA mATe bhagavAnanI mekalelI koI vibhUti pRthvI para avataraze ane te tamAre uddhAra karaze. e

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117 avatArI mahApuruSa rAjakIya bhagANunA aMta lAvaze, tamArA duHkhane aMta lAvaze, tathA zAnti ane bhAIcArAnuM rAmarAjya sthApaze. du:khI leAkeA peAtAnA uddAra mATe phirastAonA e zabdo AzAthI sAMbhaLatA hatA. e zabdo kheAlatA hatA ke kumArikA garbhadhAraNa karaze ane tene dIkarA sAMpaDaze. ane tenuM nAma kramephyuala paDaze...evu eka bALaka janmI gayuM che. AkhI duniyAnuM rAja e peAtAnA khabhA para dhAraNa karaze. te camatkArI puruSa mahAna upadezaka banaze. sAkSAta bhagavAna thaze tathA anaMta pitA thaze. e zAntinA rAjA haze. sadAcArathI te garImene nyAya teALaze. dharatInA namra ane kacaDAyalA mATe te samAnatA lAvaze. te peAtAnA zabdanA cAbakhAthI dharatIne sarakhI karaze. tathA prANanA jorathI duSTonA saMhAra karaze. sadAcAra ne vaphAdArI enAM AbharaNu haze. vAdha ne karI eka sAthe raheze. tathA akarInAM baccAM ne cittA sAthe pANI pIze. taravAreAnAM haLa banaze. eka prajA khIjI prajA sAme laDatI baMdha paDaze. yuddhone! aMta Avaze. "" aMge!sa ane IsAyAnAM A vacanemAM avatAranI AgAhI hatI, eTaluM ja nahI paNa tara`gI samAjavAdanAM dIvAsvapnanI zarUAta hatI. yahudI le! e A badhAM vacanemAM avatArane sAkSAtkAra karAve evI eka merIAnI bhAvanAnI zarUAta karI dIdhI. siyA ane eese lazkarI jamAnAmAM je vicAre ane bhAvanAnA mULa uccAryAM hatAM te mULapara Izu khristadharmanI mahAna imArata caNavAne hatA. emesa ane IsAyAe yAhaveha nAmanA lazkaranA bhagavAnanA jamAnAmAM je bhAvanAe uccArI hatI tenA pAyA para izu premanA bhagavAnanI sthApanA karavAne! hatA. emese ane isAyAe zrImata leAkeAne vinAza uccAryA hatA ne sadAcArI leAkeAnuM kalyANu bhAkhyuM hatuM. phirastAenA e uccAraNamAM aitihAsIka parIbaLAnuM anu!na hatuM. bhAvI paristhitine e bhrama hatA. parantu e samayanA

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118 aniSTo sAme pikAra jagAvatA e phirastAonA mAnasa kharekhara UMcI jAtanAM ane udAtta hatA. e phirastAone mAnava jAtanI sAcI svataMtratAne khyAla hato nahi. e loka nyAyanI bhAvanAne bhAgatA hatA ane te samayanI pracalita nItino aMta mAgatA hatA. e lekanA bhAvabhInA hRdayamAM pIDita mAnava jAtane AzvAsana ApavA mATe prema ane bhAIcArAnI taraMgI zabdajALa zivAya bIjuM kazuM hatuM nahi. Aje phirastAonI e vANI aitihAsIka UkelonA e samayamAM hajAro varSathI cAlI AvatA sudhAraNuvAdanA taraMgI sAhityamAM mejuda che. IzuM pahelAnA phirastAonI asara bAIbalanA lakhANapara thaI. leke lazkaranA bhagavAna yAhahanI pUjA cheDavA lAgyA hatA. dharmaguruone ciMtA peThI. rAjakAraNuya puruSone paNa lAgyuM ke bhagavAna yAhahanA oThA nIce eka banelo rASTra vibhakta thaI jAya te pahelAM kaMI karavuM joIe. saue maLI eka suMdara pejanA ghaDI kahADI. e lokoe bhagavAnanA nAmamAM eka pustaka lakhavAnuM nakkI karyuM. jema vedanA belanArAoe pitAnA saMjogone jarUrI evI vANIne bhagavAnanI vANI tarIke oLakhAvI hatI. tema A ekaThA thayelA vicakSaNa mANasoe bhagavAnanI vANI belAvA mAMDI kAraNa ke te samayanA lokone keAI vANI gUDhatAnI daSTie khuba UMDI asara karI zake ema hoya te te bhagavAnanI hatI. - bhagavAnanI vANuM bahAra pADavA taiyAra thayelA A vicakSaNAe te samayanA rAjA jezIAne paNa pakSamAM lIdho. saue maLIne kene mATe eka dhArmika dhArAthI ghaDI kahADI. cheDA vakhata pachI tarataja vaDA dharmaguru hIskIAhe eka sAro divasa joI ajaba jevI vAta jAhera karI ke bhagavAnanA maMdiranA gupta bhoMyarAmAMthI eka tAjuba karI nAMkhe tevuM lakhANa maLI AvyuM che. e lakhANa

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119 bhagavAna yAhavehanI sUcanAthI mahAna mesese lakhyuM che. tathA e lakhANamAM itihAsanA savAlene ane manuSyanI nItine haMmezane mATe Ukela ApI devAmAM AvyuM che. A mahAna zAthI leAkamAnasa tAjuba banI gayuM. kAI jAdugara DugaDugiyuM vagADI leAkamAnasane halAvI nAMkhe ane nacAvI zake tema bhagavAnanA nAmamAM A DAhyA ane vicakSaNAe lekamAnasane khaLabhaLAvI mUkayuM. rAjA jezIAe dharmanA vaDAonI jIDAnAM devaLamAM eka meATI sabhA khelAvI ane tyAM bhagavAnane zabda sAMbhaLavA ajAyabImAM AMkheAkADI UbhelA lokasamAja pAse bAIbala (the book of the covenant) vaMcAyuM. vaMcAI rahyA pachI rAjA jezIAe zapatha khAdhA ke bhagavAne je AjJAe emAM uccArI che te pramANe pAte vaze tathA tyAM UbharAtI mAnavamedanIne paNa evA zapatha levAne Adeza karyAM. emAM vaMcAtI bhagavAnanI AjJAe je lekee sAMbhaLI tenI sau para UMDI asara thai. rAjA jozIAe leAkamAnasanA e valaNanA lAbha laI buDAhanI aMdara bhagavAna yAhavenA harIpha khIjA devadevIonI mUrtinAM khaMDana karAvyAM. khIjI mUrtione pUjanArA dharmaguruene nAza karAvyA. cAhavahenA harIH bhagavAna bAlanI badhI mIlkata japta karAvI. eNe Te!phraMthanuM maMdira bhraSTa karAkhyuM. selAmane caNAvelI badhI vedIne nAza karAvyA. paNa AthI bhagavAna yAhave saMtuSTa thaye| niha. lazakarAnAM - e bhagavAne leAkeAne pakSa levA madada paNa mekalI nahi. phirastAee bhAkhyuM hatuM te pramANe nInIvehanuM patana thayuM. nInIveha ijIpta ane ebIleAnanuM gulAma banyuM jyAre imane tekA sIriyA para caDhatA hatA, tyAre eNe pelesTAInamAM thaI ne rastA mAgyA. rAjA jozIAe cAhaveha bhagavAna para AdhAra rAkhI pelesTAinamAM thaI ne rastA ApavAnI nA pADI ane negIDeAranI raNabhUmI para nekAne sAmanA t

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120 karyo. paNa pariNAme e pote hAra pAmyA ane yuddhamAM bharAye. juDAhanuM rAja nekenA hAthamAM paDayuM. thoDAM varSo pachI eNe juDAhane bebIleniyAnuM gulAma banAvyuM. rAjA jezIAnA vArasadAroe bebIloniyAnI pakaDamAMthI chUTavA mATe kAvatrAM karavA mAMDyA. ane IjIptanI madada mAgI paNa bebIlonanA bhayaMkara rAjAne enI gaMdha AvatAM lazkaranA bhagavAna yAhahanA mulakamAM eNe pitAnA lazkara utAryA. jarUselamane jItyuM. juDAhanI gAdI para navA rAjAne besADyo ane daza hajAra yahudI lokone gulAma banAvI pitAne tyAM laI gaye paNa eNe besADelo juDAhano navo rAjA paNa svataMtratA cAhato hato. eNe bebIlena sAme baLavo pokAryo. bebIlonane nebuceDarejhara pharI pAcho dhasI AvyuM. eNe hamezAM tephAna karatA yahudI lokono chevaTano nikAla karI devAnuM dhAyuM. enA lazkaree jerUselama chatyuM. jerUselamane saLagAvIne jamInadosta karyuM. solomananA maMdirano vinAza karyo. eNe nImelA juDAhanA rAjAnA kuTuMbanI katala karI. rAjAnI AMkha khotarI kADhI. ane jerUselamanA ekeeka naranArI ane bALakane gulAma karI bebIlena laI gaye. gulAmenA e kAphalAmAM eka yahudI kavie gAyelI kavitA Aje paNa bhUtakALanI kabaramAMthI raDatI saMbhaLAya che. "bebIlonanI nadIo pAse ame beThAM. meTethI raDyAM, ame amArI sAraMgIonA tAra toDI nAkhyA kAraNa ke ame gulAma hatA ane amArA mAlike amane baLajabarIthI hasAvatA hatA tathA gavaDAvatA hatA, rovaDAvatA hatA. pelesTAinamAM rahelA dharmaguruo A badhA vinAzane javAba ApatA kahetA hatA ke yahudI kenA pApano badalo bhagavAna yAdavehe Apyo che. paNa have bhagavAna ApaNane mApha karavA mAge che. jyAre jerUselama saLagatuM hatuM ane bebIlonanA lazkare katala calAvatAM hatAM tyAre juDAhanA zrImaMte bhagavAna yAhahanI prArthanA karatA hatA. potAnA gulAmane choDI mUkatA hatA paNa bebIlenanA

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121 lazkaro jerUselamathI pAchAM gayAM ke tarata ja badhA mAlikoe gulAmane temanI jaMjIre pAchI paherAvI. paNa have ATaATalA vinAza pachI pelesTAInanA dharmague mAlikanA pApane dhikkAratA thaI gayA hatA ane temane zrApa ApatA paNa thaI gayA hatA. paNa rImA lekasamAja kaheto hato ke have bhagavAnane balidAna nathI joIna paNa nyAya joIe che. dharmaguruo ane phirastAo paNa vepArIo ane zrImaMtonI jema bagaDI gaelA che. pAchA navA phirastAo aniSTa sAme bUmo pADatA hatA ane jerUselamane vinAza mAkhatA hatA. ane IzunA Agamana mATe pikAra karatA hatA. tathA lokone thatA vinAza mATe AThaMda karatA kahetA hatA ke ApaNA lekenI dIkarIonI je bhayaMkara katala thaI che te mATe raDavuM hoya te ApaNA mAthAM pANInAM banAvAM joIe ane ApaNI AmAMthI akhaMDa vahetA jharAe phUTavA joIe. e daramyAna eka bIje phirastA upadezaka bebIlenanI aMdara jAgato hato ne bhaviSya bhAkhatA hatA. enuM nAma IjhekIla hatuM. ijhakala dharmagurunA eka kuTuMbane hato ane tene jerUselamamAMthI gulAma banAvIne laI javAmAM Avyo hato. eNe jerUselamanAM mApanAM lakhANo karyA hatAM ane kahyuM hatuM ke A badhA pApo mATe jerUselma parAdhIna bane ane nAza pAme to temAM kaMija navAI nathI. e uparAMta IsAyAnI jema eNe bIjI prajAne paNa vinAza bhAkhyo ane kahyuM ke Aba, TAyara, ijIpta ane esIriyA paNa nAza pAmavAnAM che. aMtamAM lokone AzA Apato e kaheto hato ke bhagavAna yahudI lokone uddhAra karaze ane jerUselama pharIthI baMdhAze. bhagavAna yAhanuM moTuM maMdira caNAze. dharmaguruo rAjya kaze ane pAchAM sukhazAMti Avaze. selamathI pakaDI aNAyelA enA je gulAma sAthIdAre hatA temAM e A rIte AzvAsana Apato hato. e rIte e

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122 peAtAnA gulAma banelA jAtabhAI ene ekhIlenanI praznamAM bhaLI jatAM aTakAvatA hatA ane yahudI leAkeAnI jAtane jALavI rAkhate hateA. e samayanA gulAma banelA yahudI leAkeA dhIme dhIme ekhI leAnanA devAnI pUjA svIkAratA hatA tathA emIlenanA rItarIvAje dhAraNa karatA hatA. jerUsalema bhUlAI jatuM hatuM. te samaye A bIjA sAyAe leAkeAne jALavI rAkhavAne te IjharAIlanA dhama ne sAcavI rAkhavAne prayatna zarU karyAM. jyAre mudda hindustAnamAM IcchA mAtrane vikAra gaNAvI IcchAone nANa mAgatA hatA ane jyAre cInamAM kanakyuziyasa cInA leAkA mATe DahApaNanA zabdA khelatA hatA, tyAre A khInne isAyA bhavya ane tejadAra bhASAmAM dezavaTe nIkaLelA yahudI leAkeAne eka bhagavAnanI bhakti upadezate! hatA ane kahetA hatA ke bhagavAnane! AtmA mArI aMdara praveza pAmyA che, ane pIDitane mArA dvArA kahevaDAve che ke have badhA gulAme chUTavAnA che ane badhAM kedakhAnAM UMDI javAnAM che. kAraNake bhagavAna cAhaveha lazkarane ke vairane bhagavAna nathI paNa premALa pitA che. badalAyalA saMjogemAM bhagavAnanuM A navuM rUpAMtara ane lakSyarAnA bhagavAnane badale lazkarAnA sItamethI sUkAI gayelI prajAne tathA malikAnA jImeAthI vinAza pAmatI pIDita janatAne abhyAsana ApavA premALa pitA jevA nave! bhagavAna AvatA hatA. phirastAoe bhAkhyuM hatuM ke bhagavAnanuM avataraNa najIka AvatuM hatuM. evA premALa bhagavAnane saMdezA lAvanAra bhagavAnanA dIkarA nI kAI vibhUti janmavAnI hatI. pachI kAI bhagavAna Avye! nahi paNa parziyAne vijetA saradAra sIrasa ekhIlena para caDhI AvyA. eNe ebIleAnane harAvyuM. gulAma banelA badhA yahudI leAkeAne peAtAne vatana javAnI paravAnagI ApI. sIrasa ebIlezananA bhayakara rAjAo karatAM vadhAre sudharelA

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113 hatA. eNe yahudI leAkeAnA devane mAna ApyuM. ebIlezananA devadevIene paNa pUjyAM ane darekane dhArmika svAtaMtrya ApI peAtAne ghera pAche! gayA. eNe ebIleAnanA rAjAe lUTelA dhananA bhaMDArAmAMthI peAtAne vatana pAchI jatI yahudI prajAne joI e teTalI vATa kharacI ApI paNa atyAra sudhI ebIleAnamAM rahelA dhaNu! yuvAna yahudI leke ebIleAnanI dharatI para jAmI gayA hatA. keTalAka te! jamInadAre ne vepArIe paNa banyA hatA. emaNe e badhI milakata cheDI khaMDera anelI jeselamanI pavitra pitRbhUmimAM javAnI nA pADI. sIsanA gayA pachI barAbara e varSa pachI emIlenathI eka meTA kAlA pacAsa varSa pachI pAche. jerUselama javA nIkaLye paNa e daramyAna te jeselamamAM bIjA semiTika lekA AvIne vasyA hatA. ane jamIneAnA mAlika anya! hatA. vatana pAchA AvatA A navA yahudI leke!ne parziyAnA rAjA DerIase vatanamAM kIvAra vasavAnI sagavaDa karI ApI. e leAkeAe peAtAnA bhagavAnanuM madira baMdhAvyuM. dhIme dhIme jeselama pAchuM yahudI leAkeAnuM nagara banyuM. emanA vasavATa pachI pAchAM vIza varSe jeselama bhagavAnanA svetrothI gAjI UThayuM. pharIvAra yahudI leAkeAne peAtAnA vatana pelesTAInane joradAra anAvavAnAM svapna AvavA lAgyAM. paNa have pharIvAra pelesTAInane lazkarI rAja banAvavuM azaka hatuM. juDIo pase have lazkare ke dAlatanA DhagalA rahyA naheAtA, parziyAnI rAjakIya saradArI nIce have jIDIA dhArmikarAja banatuM hatuM, ane AcAra vicArAmAM dharmaguruonI saradArI dharAvatuM hatuM. I. sa. pU. 444 ne! samaya hateA. IjharA nAmanA eka vidvAna dharmIgurue badhA yahudI leAkeAnuM saMgaThana karyuM. eka meTI dhArmika pariSada khelAvI ane temane pesTAInanA patana pahelAM ane jerUselamanA vinAza pahelAM mahAna me!sIse lakhelI bhagavAnanI kAyadApAthI pharI vAra vAMcI saMbhaLAvI. pelesTAInamAM sAta

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124 divasa sudhI saptAhanA svarUpamAM A dhArmika pariSada cAlI. savArathI apeAra sudhI A bhagavAnanA kAyadAe vaheMcAyA ane te para upadezA thayA. A piraSadane aMte dharmaguruee ane leAkAnA saradArAe e kAyadApothInAM badhAM karamAne svIkAryAM ane te pramANe peAtAnA AcAravicAra dhaDavAnuM nakkI karyuM. A kAyadA pe|thInuM bAyabala adhAyuM. e khAyabale dharmazAstranI bhASAmAM leAkeAne jJAna ApyuM. e dharmazAstramAM AkhI sRSTinA sarjanahAra tarIke bhagavAna ya!haveha athavA jehAvAhanuM nAma uccAryuM che. bALakAne ane prAthamika dazAnA manuSyane parInI kathAnI jema rasa utpanna kare tevI sRSTinI utpattinI bAyabalanI vAte! ghaDIbhara AnaMda Ape tevI che. evI utpatti ane pralayanI tathA svarga ane narkanI AnaMdadAyaka ane bhayaMkara tara'gI vAte ekeeka dharmazAstra lakhI che. Ayabala emAM apavAda nathI. jIvananI sarjakazaktimAM khUba AnaMda pAmatA ane sarjanazaktinAM svarUpeAne pUjatA mAnavI hamezAM enI prAthamika dazAthI manuSyanA jananendriyanA svarUpe!ne pUjatA AvyA che. tathA teNe hamezAM peAtAnA dharmAMnI zarUAtamAM ugra sarjanazaktivALA prANIonI pUjA karI che. bAIbalamAM lakhAyalI sApanI vAta e manuSyanI jAtIya prakriyAnI vAta che ane e vAtane eve! a che ke jAtIya prakriyAne vicAra tathA jJAna manuSyanI prAthamika nirdoSatA ane saraLatAne mArI nAkhatA hoya che. jema ekaeka prAthamika prajAe jJAna athavA vijJAna ane jAtIyatane pApanI zarUAta manAvI che tema bAIbala paNa emAM apavAda nathI. jema badhAM pApane bhAra prAthamika prajAe strInA mAthA para nAMkhyA che tema bAIbale paNa Iva ane penDerenA nAmamAM strIne pApanA mULa tarIke cItarI che. eja rIte ekeeka prAcIna prajAAe peAtAnA dhasAhityamAM ane daMtakathAomAM pralayanI vAtA karI che. pralayane manuSyanA pApAnuM pariNAma gaNAvyA che. evI

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125 dhArmika daMtakathAonI vAto suMdara ke bhayAnaka hoya che, vAstavika ke banelI hotI nathI. jozIA ane ijharAIle bhagavAna yAhaha athavA jehavAnA nAmamAM je dhArmika parathI vAMcavAnI pharaja pADI hatI ane jenA para pachInuM yahudIonuM jIvana baMdhAtuM hatuM te dhArApathI dharmanA itihAsamAM rAjakIyatAnAM hito sAcavI rAkhavAno prayatna hato. lokajIvananA ekeeka kSetrane e dhAmikathI AvarI letI. e dhArApathImAM khANApINAnA, vaidAnA, jAhera ArogyanA tathA jAtIya AcAra vicAranA niyamo AvI jatA ane e badhA niyame devI dekharekha ane pharamAna nIce mUkavAmAM AvyA hatA. e dhArmipathInI TUMkamAM samAlocanA karIe te dekhAya che ke kahevAtAM devI daza pharamAna e dhArApothImAM gUMthavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. paheluM pharamAna samAjaracanAne saMskRtinA niyamo para nahi paNa bhagavAnanI bhAvanA para goThavatuM hatuM. e bhagavAna adazya e zahenazAha hato tathA ekeeka kAyado ghaDato hate. ekeeka zikSAno amala karato hato. bhagavAnane e kAyado ne vyavasthA svIkAranAra IjharAIla eTale bhagavAnane vaphAdAra kahevAtA hatA. yahudI loko parAdhIna hatA chatAM temanuM maMdira nAza pAmyuM nahotuM. juDIyAnA dharmaguruo romano pinI jema adhikAra calAvatA hatA. e dharmaguruonA nAmamAM bhagavAnanuM paheluM pharamAna bolatuM hatuM ke ke nAstikatA athavA dharmaniMdA karanAra koIne paNa maraNanI zikSA thavI joIe. e dhArApothInuM bIjuM pharamAna kalAno nAza karI bhagavAnanI rASTrIya bhAvanAne ucca pade sthApatuM hatuM. e pharamAna kahetuM hatuM ke bhagavAnanI kaI paNa mUrtio karavI joIe nahi kAraNake

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126 bhagavAna koIpaNa mUrti ke AkArathI sarvopari che. e pharamAnane lIdhe vijJAna ane kaLA tarapha bedarakArI batAvavAmAM AvI. khagoLazAstrane tarachoDavAmAM AvyuM ane salemane baMdhAvelA maMdiranI badhI mUrtiono nAza karI navuM maMdira caNavAmAM AvyuM. - trIjuM pharamAna yahudI lekanI aMdha dharmabhAvanAne vahema batAve che. e pharamAna kahe che ke bhagavAnanuM nAma eTaluM badhuM pavitra che ke ene uccAra paNa keIe kare nahi. dhArmika bhagavAnane prArthanA karatI veLA tenuM nAma levAne badale enI (mAlika) bAlavA lAgyA. cothuM pharamAna pharamAvatuM hatuM ke aThavADiAne eka divasa sAbAthane (ArAmano) gaNAze ane te divasa pavitra lekhAze. pAMcamuM pharamAna kuTuMba saMsthAnI pavitratA AlekhatuM hatuM. kuTuMba jIvananI pavitratAnA AlekhanamAM Arthika pAye hato, jamIna kheDanArI prajAnI jarUra hatI, tathA yuddhanA samayamAM kapAI maranArA sipAIonI paNa jarUra hatI. dharmanA A pharamAnathI bApanuM sthAna khUba sattAvAna ane agatyanuM sthAna banyuM hatuM. enAM bALake enI milakata gaNAtAM. e je garIba hoya te enI dIkarIne vecI zakato. bhagavAna yAhaha paraNelI strIne pharamAna karato hato ke tArI badhI icchAo tArA patine AdhIna raheze ne te tArApara rAja karaze. dharmane AvA pharamAna chatAM yahudI lekemAM strInuM sthAna eTaluM badhuM nIcuM nahotuM. chaThuM pharamAna nItinI saMpUrNatA mAgatuM hatuM ane sAtamAM pharamAnamAM lagnane kuTuMbanA pAyA tarIke svIkAravAmAM AvyuM hatuM, AThamAM pharamAnamAM aMgata milakatane pavitra lekhavAmAM AvI hatI, tathA hibru samAjajIvananA trIjA pAyA tarIke oLakhAvavAmAM

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127 AvI hatI. te samayanI aMgata mAlikI jamInanI hatI. e uparAMta gulAme paNa aMgata milakata gaNAtA hatA. gulAmanA mAlIkAne peAtAnA gulAmene mArI nAMkhavAnI sattA hatI. devAnA badalAmAM gulAmeAne athavA temanAM bALakAne veMcI devAmAM AvatAM. navamuM kramAna adAlatamAM sAkSI pAse pramANikatA mAgatuM hatuM. ane dazamuM karama!na milakata banelI paraNelI strInI nIti khelatuM hatuM ke koI e peAtAnI pADeAsInI strInI icchA karavI nahIM. athavA tenAM dAsa / dAsInI tathA enA gadheDAnI icchA karavI niha. A daza pharamAna daivI hatAM. eTale dharmagurUee ane vicakSaNa rAjapuruSAe ghaDI kADhavAM hatAM. e badhAM pharamAnene pUrepUrU anurUpa evuM yahudI leAkeAnu jIvana hatuM. ema mAnavAne ApaNI pAse kAraNu nathI. khIjI dhArmika dhArApeAthInI jema e dhArApe!thInAM pharamAnene pavitra mAnavAmAM AvatAM hatAM tathA pUjavAmAM AvatAM hatAM, tathA e kramAne yahudI lekanA jIvananA AcAreyane asara karatAM hatAM. A badhuM chatAM paNa pelesTAInanI saMskRtine nAza thatA hatA. ijharAIlanA yuvAne yuddo laDhIne khUvAra thaI gaya! hatA. yAveha bhagavAnamAM jIDIAne vizvAsa hateA paNa te tenI madade AvyA nahateA. jeselamane pharIvAra samarAvavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. kharUM paNa te koI ajaya evA bhagavAnane killA naheAtuM banyuM paNa parziyA ane grIsanu' gulAma hatuM. I. pU. 744 mAM yuvAna sikaMdara jeselamane daravAje AvI Ubhe! ane eNe pelesTAInanI parAdhInatA mAgI. jerUselamanA vaDA dharmagurue sika MdaranuM zaraNa svIkAravAnI pahelAM nA pADI paNa bIjI rAte ene svapna Avyu ane te pachI savAre sikaMdaranu eNe zaraNa svIkArI jemselamane banne ApI dIdheA

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128 tApaNu e jIDIAne aMta naheAtA. duniAnA itihAsamAM jIDIA je bhAga bhajavavAnuM hatuM tene A pahele praveza ja pUre thaye| hatA. enA khIjA pravezamAM jIDIAnI raMgabhUmipara zunuM Agamana thavAnuM hatuM ane tyArapachI pelesTAIna para bhayaMkara ramakhANA khelAvAnAM hatAM. jeselama khaMDera banavAnuM hatuM paNu enA nAzanI rAkhamAMthI karI UgavAnuM hatuM ane duniyAnA zrRtihAsamAMthI yahUdI prajA paNa vinAza pAmavAnI naheAtI, itihAsanI chellI tavArIkha sudhI jIvavAnI hatI.

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saMskRtinAM vaheNa dUra pUrvanA dezomAM prakaraNa 1 paricaya saMskRtinA bhavya smAraka jevuM vIsa lAkha ceArasa mAIlanA vistAravALu ane enA zeTha briTananA pradezathI vIsa gaNe meTA chatrIza karoDanI vastIvALA ane AkhI duniyAmAM sauthI meTAmAMnA eka evA hindustAna I. sa. pUrve 2,900 varSa pahelAMthI saMskRtinuM sAtatya ane vikAsa batAve che. e hindamAM IzuthI ATha saikAo! pahelAM upaniSade racanArA tattvaciMtAnA sAda saMbhaLAtA hatA ane IzuthI ATha saikA pachI zaMkaranI vedAnta dheASaNA hindane khUNe khUNe pahoMcI vaLI hatI. evA e hiMdamAM traNa hajAra varSa pahelAM khagALazAstra vikAsa pAmatuM hatuM ane gAmeA paMcAyatanI prathAmAM rAjakIya vyavahArane amala karatAM hatAM.

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130 bhaugAlika paristhiti himAlayanA vizALa vistArAmAMthI sIaAnanI satata garamImAM eka trikANa UtarI AvatA heya te pramANe hiMdane pradeza patharAye che. enA DAbA paDakhAnA khUNAmAM payiA che, jenI sAthe hiMdanA vatanI devAnI bhASA kheAlatA hatA, tathA vedakALathI sabaMdha rAkhatA hatA. uttara taraphanI sarahada para pUrvamAM aphadhAnI stAna paDayo che ne tyAM prAcIna saMskRtinA smAraka jevuM ka MdahAra (gAMdhAra) meAjIda che. tyAMja grIka ane hiMdI zilpAne saMgama thayA hatA ane tyAMja e baMne pradezanuM zilpa hamezane mATe juduM paDayuM' hatuM. enI uttare kAbula che. e kAbulamAMthI megala leAkeAnAM TALAM hiMdu para UtarI AvyAM hatAM. ane Aje teo hiMdane vatana mAnI temAM vasavATa kare che. kAbulanI pADeAzamAM ja pezAvara che ane e hiMdane lage!laga hiMduMkUzanA ghATa pAse raziyA lakhAyuM che. uttaranA cheDA para hAthavaNATanI jhINI kArIgarInA namUnA Aje paNa saMdharI rAkhatAM kAzmIra IlAkA AvyeA che. dakSiNe pAMca nadInA pradeza paMjAba enA lAheAra ane sImalAnA mathaka sAthe himAlayanA pagamAM sUtA che. paMjAbanI pazcimamAMthI cAra mAIla lAMkhI evI siMdhu hiMdanA hiMdu vatanIonI yAda ApatI vahe che. paMjAbamAMthI yamunA ane gaMgA paNa dakSiNa pUrva tarapha hiMdanA pATanagara dilhInA pAyA dhAtI tathA hiMduonA pivatra nagara banArasamAM dararoja hajArA yAtrALuonA pA5 dheAtI kalakattA tarapha vahe che. dUra pUrvamAM brahmadeza che. siMdhunI dakSiNe rAjaputAnAnA pradezanA kSatriyeAnI kSAtravaTanA vIreAcita RtihAsa AlekhatA gvAliyara, cittoDa, jayapura, ajamera ane udyapuranI AsapAsanA pattharo paNa anekanA alidAnanA pUrAvA ApatA paDayA che. dakSiNa ane pazcimamAM surata, amadAvAda, muMbaI ane punA vagere nagareAmAM mAnava menI ubharAvatA muMbaI IlAkA patharAya che. tathA e hiMdanI pazcime

Page #141
13ii gevAne kinAre che. ane pUrvamAM pAMDicerI che. vijetA briTane sAMsthAnika lUMTamAMthI e TUkaDAo pitAnA junA sAthIdArane rAkhavA dIdhA che. baMgALanA akhAta para madrAsa ilAke patharAye che. A pradezane pAMcamo bhAga jUnA jaMgalothI DhaMkAyelo che. e pradeza para jaMgalI lekenI vastI che. ane hiMdanA moTA bhAga para paDatI garamIe tathA aMgrejonA AvyA pachI hiMdanI saMskRtinA karelA vinAze tathA saMsthAna banelA hiMdane kAco mAla utpanna karavAnA pradeza tarIke jALavI rAkhavA mATenI vijetAonI burI murAdane lIdhe Aje hiMdanI dharatI kasa vinAnI banatI jAya che. hiMdane kheDUta dharatI karatAM aneka gaNo cUsAte jAya che tathA hiMdanI jAta mahenata aneka prakAre lUMTAtI jAya che. Aje e hiMdane niSkriya banelo eka varga AjanI viparIta paristhitimAM damana ane nirvANane svapna seve che. tathA bIje ghaNe mATe varga parAdhInatAnI aneka yAtanAne pheMkI devA ALasa maraDe che.

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prakaraNa 2 itihAsa pahelAMnA itihAsa evA paNa divase| hatA jyAre thADA samaya pahelAnA kRtihAsakAra| ajJAnane lIdhe ema dhAratA hatA ke duniyAnA itihAsanI zarUAta grIsathI thaI hatI. e vAtane sauthI pahelAM svIkArI lenAra yurepa ema mAnatuM hatuM ke hiMdamAM ArcI AvyA te pahelAM leAke! jagalI hatA ane hiMda jIMgalI leAkeAnA pradeza hatA, ane sa'skRtinuM sAcuM bhaDANu, kaispIana mahAsAgaranA kinArA parathI kalA ane vijJAna ArcI laIne AvyA tyAre ja thayuM hatuM. AjanA itihAsakArAnI zodhakheALAe e vAtane galata pUravAra karI che, theDAja samaya para thaelI ane Aje thatI zeAdhe!e yureApanI mithyA asmitAnA e svapane pAkaLa pUravAra karyuM che ane batAvI ApyuM che ke eziyAnA khIjA pradezAnI jema dUra pUrvanA hiMdamAM paNa hajAro varSa jUnI saMskRtinI zarUAta itihAsa pahelAMnA kALathI thaI gaI hatI. hajAra varSa jUnI e saskRtinI sAkSI pUratAM smArakA Aje kalakattA, madrAsa ane muMbaInA sagrahasthAneAmAM paDayAM che.

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133 1924nI sAlamAM hiMdamAM sAMpaDelA samAcAra sAMbhaLI duniyAbharanA itihAsakAro jhabakIne jAgyA che. sara jona mArzale enA AsTI, benarajI vigere sAthidAre sAthe duniyAnI saMskRtinA saMzodhakone heratamAM nAkhI tAjubI pedA kare evuM sindhanA pazcima kinArA paranuM mehana-Dere nAmanuM sthaLa zodhI kADhyuM che. e uparAMta tyAMthI thoDo so mAIla dUra uttaramAM hArASpA tarapha pRthvInA paDAmAM pAMca moTAM nagare khodI kADhavAmAM AvyAM che. jamInane taLIe daTAI gayelAM e nagaramAM Aje seMkaDo ghara, dukAne, bajAre, zerIo ane rastAo jaDI AvyA che. e nagare keTalA varSanAM jUnAM haze teno aMdAja kADhato sara jona mArzala kahe che ke "A zodhakhoLe ema sAbIta kare che ke siMdhamAM ane paMjAbamAM I. sa. pU. cAra hajAra varSa pahelAM khUba vikAsa pAmelI nagarajIvanavALI samAjaracanA haze. e nagaronA gharamAM je jAtanA kuvAo, snAnAgAro tathA jamIna nIcenI gaTaronI yojanAo jaDI AvI che, te batAvI Ape che ke atyAra sudhI bebIleniyA ane IjIptamAM jaDI AvelAM avazeSo karatAM A avazeSo vadhAre vikAsa pAmelI evI samAjaracanAno khyAla Ape che. mohana-joDeremAM jaDI AvelAM ekathI vadhAre mALavALAM makAnonI ghaTanA, atyAra sudhImAM jaDI AvelAM avazeSomAMthI gharamAM vaparAtA judA judA padArtho jevA ke, vAsaNa, kapaDAM, ojAre, sikkAo tathA zilpakaLA vagere jotAM ema lAge che ke e prajA badhI jAtanI dhAtunA padArtho banAvatI hatI, sikkAo vAparatI hatI, tenA rUpAnAM ghareNAM paheratI hatI tathA Aje je jAtanA nakazIdAra kAmo thAya che te karatI hatI. te vakhatanI evI vikAsa pAmelI samAjaracanA Aje jaDI AvelAM avazeSo parathI jaNAya che ke I.sa. pU. pAMca hajAra varSa pahelAMnI hatI. vicitra vAta to e che ke A avazeSanuM chellAmAM chelluM paDa upalAM paDe karatAM sauthI vadhAre

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134 vikAsa pAmelI samAjaghaTanAnI sAkSI pUre che. e saMskRti hajAre varSanI jUnI che te nizaMka pUravAra thAya che. siMdhu nadInI AsapAsa hajAra varSa jUnI e saMskRtinA avazeSamAMthI pattharathI mAMDIne ekeeka dhAtunI vastuo maLI Ave che ane ema anumAna thAya che ke jyAre pirAmiDa bAMdhavAmAM Avyo haze tyAre e samayanI duniyAmAM sidhu nadInI AsapAsane pradeza sauthI AgaLa vadhelI ane vikAsa pAmelI sudharelI prajAne haze tathA e prajAne dhArmika, vaijJAnika tathA vyApAra viSayaka badhA saMbaMdho sumeriyA ane bebIleniyA sAthe haze. A jAtanA saMbaMdhonA sAkSI rUpe sumeriyAnA avazeSomAMthI je jAtanA padArtho jaDI AvyA hatA tevA ja padArtho mehana-jo-DeremAM paNa mAlama paDyAM che, tathA 1932 mAM bebIleniyAmAMthI paNa jaDI AvyAM che. ema mAnavAmAM Ave che ke sauthI jUnI saMskRti sumeriyAe sudhArAnA pATha siMdhu nadInI AsapAsanI saMskRtimAMthI zIkhyA haze. tathA saMskRtino sauthI pahelo Ugama ane saMskRtinA vikAsanuM ane UcheranuM kAma hindamAM ja zarU thayuM haze. saMzodhakone evo mata che ke duniyAne Aje jaDelAM saMskRtinA avazeSamAM mehana DerAnA avazeSa sauthI jUnAM che.

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prakaraNa 3 inDa Aryana jema manuSyanA ItihAsamAM mANasa ne jaMgalI manuSya vaccenuM aMtarAya ghaNe bheTe che tathA e samayanI cokkasa gaNatrI thaI nathI tevI rIte mehana-jo-DeremAMthI maLI AvelAM avazeSa parathI nakkI thayelI hindanI saMskRtine kALa itihAsa sAcavI rAkhe nathI. e kALa itihAsa pahelA che. mehana-jo-DerenI saMskRti vALI samAjaracanA tathA hindamAM Aryo AvyA te samayano samAja e be tavArIkho vacce khUba lAMbo samaya ajJAta banIne Ubho che. e vacalA samayanI samAjaracanAne aitihAsika khyAla ApaNI pAse nathI. siMdhunI AsapAsa jaDI AvelA avazeSamAM eka jAtano sikako jaDI AvyA che e sikakA para sApanI phaNanA cihe che ke je cinha hindanA jUnAmAM jUnA vatanIonA hatA. ema mAnI zakAya ema che ke jyAre A hindamAM AvyA tyAre uttaranA pradezamAM enA mULa vatanIo nAgake kahevAtA hatA tathA sApanI pUjA karatA hatA. hindanA dakSiNa taraphanA pradezamAM kALA raMgavALA tathA capaTA nAkavALA ke vasatA hatA. je drAviDe kahevAtA hatA. jyAre Arya

Page #146
136 leAkAnA dhADAM hindu para doDatAM hatAM tyAre e leAkA sudharelA hatA ane temanA vepArI kAphalAe sumeriyA ane ebIleAniyA sAthe vepAra calAvatA hatA. Aya leAkeA peAtAnI grAmapaMcAyatAnI rItabhAta tathA khetI ane leAkA pAse kara udharAvanArI sarakArI rItabhAta drAvIDI leAkeA pAsethI zIkhyA haze. Aje paNa dakSiNanA e bhAga bhASAmAM, sAhityamAM, kalAmAM ane rItiravAjamAM kAvIDI che. A leAkeAe hindanA e dakSiNa pradeze para svArI karI tathA emanA pradeze! jItavA mAMDayA. tathA e leAkAne anAya athavA nIca mAnI gulAma banAvavA mAMDaDyAM. kahetA hatA. parziyanale kA kahetA hatA evA e Aryo kANu hatA e savAla UbheA thAya che. e leAkA Ateja peAtAnI jAtane sudharelA athavA A e aAkA kAspIana pradeza taraphathI AvyA haze, tathA peAtAnA je vatanane AryAnAvio ( Aryonu ghara ) teja kAspIana pradeza taranuM vatana hindamAM AvelA AryAnuM paNa haze. jyAre e A leAkAnu eka dhADu ekhIleniyAne sara karatuM hatuM tyAre AryoMnI khIjI TUkaDIe hindamAM pravezatI hatI. A A leAkA hindane jItIne sAmrAjya vadhAravA nahAtA AvyA paNa hindane peAtAnuM vatana banAvavA AvyA hatA. A lAka zarIre majabUta hatA ane khAvApIvAmAM khUba joradAra hatA. vijetAoneA sAmAnya svabhAva hoya che tema AryoMnA pAtapeAtAnI aMdaranA vyavahAra lazkarI zistanA hatA tathA jItAelI prApara game tevA ghAtakI vananeA hatA. bIjA pradezAne pacAvI pADavA ane temAM peAtAnu` ghara banAvavA e leAkeA peAtAnI taravAranA jorapara AdhAra rAkhI AvyAM hatA. tathA yuddhamAM kuzaLa ane himmatavALA hatA. e taravAranA bere ane lazkarI kuzaLatAe e DhAkA thaDA samayamAM hindanA dakSiNa

Page #147
137 pradezanA mAlika banyA. tyAra pachI vijetA AryonuM paheluM dhyAna lazkare vadhAravA tarapha ane hathiyAro vadhAravA tarapha gayuM, Aryana lake yuddhamAM dhanuSya ane bANa vAparavA mAMDayA. yuddhamAM vAparI zakAya evo ratha banAvavA mAMDyA. bhAlAo ane pharazIonA hathiyAra banAvavA mAMDayA. e loko daMbhI nahatA. ane hindamAM jamIna pacAvI pADavAnA tathA gharo bAMdhavAnA tathA hindanA mULa vatanIne gulAma banAvavAnA potAnA mULa Azayane saMtADatA nahatA. kAraNa ke te lake AjanI sudhArelI gorI prajA jevA sudharelA nahotA. eTale ochA daMbhI hatA. "ame tamane sudhAravA AvyA chIe" evI zabdajALe bolyA vinA A lake hindane tAbe karatA hatA, ane hindIone gulAma banAvatA hatA; ane cekakhecekhuM kahetA hatA ke amAre vadhAre jamIna joIe chIe, vadhAre gAye joIe chIe, vadhAre gulAmo joIe chIe. jamInane pacAvI pADatA, hindanA mULa vatananIonAM gharabAra saLagAvI mUkatA, te samayanA hindane gulAma banAvatA ane temanA lohInI choLo dharatI para uchALatA e Arya vijetAnI lazkarI hIlacAla khUnakhAra je khelatI pUrva tarapha AgaLa vadhatI. sidhu nadIne kinAre kinAre pUrva tarapha AgaLa vadhatA Aryo gaMgAnA pradeza sudhI pahoMcyA ane Akho hindustAna kabaje karyo. hindustAna para vijaya meLavyA pachI Arya kenI ToLI judAM judAM gAma vasAvIne tyAM sthira thaI paDavA lAgI. dareka grAma para eka eka lazkarI amaladArane adhikAra hite tathA e lazkarI amaladAra tathA rAjA pitAnA grAmamAMthI ciddhAonI eka samiti nImI tenI salAha pramANe kAma karatA. ekathI vadhAre grAme maLIne eka TaLI banatI hatI ane e ToLImAMthI judA judA kuLapationI sabhAo rAjakArabhAramAM madada karatI hatI.

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138 dareka vijetAonI jema Arya leke pAse paNa pite bIjI prajAo karatAM UMcA che evuM abhimAna hatuM. bIjI prajAne gulAma tarIke jALavI rAkhavA mATe, pitAnA e abhimAnane poSavAne tathA jALavI rAkhavAne khAsa kAyadAo ghaDavAmAM AvatA hatA. kaI paNa Arya anArya sAthe lagna saMbaMdhamAM UtarI zakatuM nahi. tathA kAI paNa Arya anAryo sAthe samAna vyavahAra karI zakatuM nahi. Arya ane anAryanA ekeeka vyavahAra zeTha ne gulAmenA vyavahAro hatA. tathA evA eke eka vyavahAramAM A UMcA che ane anAryo nIcA che e jAtane khyAla batAvavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. A samajatA hatA ke Aryo ne anAryonA je aMdara aMdara lagna saMbaMdha baMdhAya athavA to tevI chUTa ApavAmAM Ave te banne prajAe eka thaI jAya, tathA AryonA gulAma A sAthe lehInA saMbaMdhamAM AvI samAnatA mAgatA thaI jAya. Aryo e rIte anAryo sAthe eka thavA nahotA mAgatA, anAne pitAnA nikaTanA saMbaMdhIo banAvavA nahotA mAgatA paNa pitAnA naphAo mATe veTha karanArA gulAme ja rAkhavA mAgatA hatA. ethI Arya vijetAoe varNa bheda zarU karyo. gorI cAmaDI vALA A UMcA lekhAyA ane kALI cAmaDI vALA anAryo nIca gaNAyA. zarUAtamAM evA be vibhAgo paDyA ke varSo paDayA. eka vijetA Aryone ane bIjA yuddhamAM hArI janAra ane tethI gulAma banelA anAno. I. pU. be hajAra varSa pahelAM AryonuM Agamana thayuM ane tyAra pachI eka hajAra varSa sudhI Arya loko A be vibhAgamAM vaheMcAI gayA ane hindanA mAlika tarIke vasyA. e kALane Aryana vaidika kALa tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. e kALanA Arya loka saMskRtinI zarUAtamAM hatA. gAyo emanI dolata hatI. jamIna emanI milakata hatI. e banne milakatane jItanArA A talavAranI dhAra para rAjya karatA hatA. tathA

Page #149
139 kudaratanA judAjudA tattvAne tathA prANIene pUjatA hatA. ArcInI pUjAvidhimAM AkAza, sUrya, candra, tathA pRthvI pANI vigere tattvA devadevIe gaNAtA hatA. gAya ane Akhale! jIvananirvAhamAM khUba upayAgI hoI pUjAtA hatA. e kALa pachIne A kALa I. pU. hajAra varSa pahelAnA kALa che. e samaya te rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhAratane kALa kahI zakAya. e samaya daramyAna Aya leAkeAnI TALIe'nA nAyakA, tathA lazkarI kuLapatie rAjAe banyA hatA. ane enA yuddo eka ke bIjAM rAjAne mahArAjA banAvatA hatA. rAjAzAhInA zUrAtananeA e samaya hatA. ane e samayamAM yuddhamAM ja racyApacyA rahenArA ane yuddhane ja dharma mAnanArAe! kSatriya kahevAtA hatA. have ArTsamAM e rItanA sAmAjika kriyAdhamane aMge khIjA vibhAga paDavA maMDayA. kevaLa AryAM athavA anAryo athavA kALA ane gerA raMganA zarU thaelA e vibhAgAmAMthI vijetA ArcI pAtapeAtAnA sAmAjika kriyAdharmane aMge bIjA peTA vibhAgeAmAM vaheMcAI jatA hatA. A samayanA A lokeAnA sAmAjika vyavahAro paNa vadhAre vikAsa pAmatA hatA. ane sAmAjika utpAdananA sAdhane paNa vadhAre sudharatA jatAM hatAM. vikAsa pAmatA sAmAjika sabaMdhomAM je Aya leke! dharmaguruo! banyA hatA tathA jemaNe zikSaNanA dhaMdhA lIdhA hatA te brAhmaNA kahevAtA hatA. bIje va` rAjyakartAene tathA lazkarane hateA. e laDAyaka leAka kSatriya kahevAtA hatA. Arya prajAnI aMdara ja sAmAjika kriyAne lIdhe paDelA A vibhAgomAM kace. vibhAga UMcA che. ne kace! vibhAga nIce che enI rasAkasI zarU thaI gaI hatI. ghaNIvAra brAhmaNA peAtAne UMcA mAnatA hatA ane dhaNIvAra kSatriye temane nIcA gaNatA hatA. A e zAsaka vargo nIce eka trIjo va paNa hatA. e vane janma

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140 buddha kALanI AsapAsa AryoMmAMthI thayA hatA. e leAkeA vepArIe ane kArakunA hatA, e vepArI vargo vaizya kahevAtA hatA. A uparAMta eka ceAthe vaga hatA je upalA traNe vagaiA karatAM sa'khyAmAM ghaNA moTA hatA. te zudra kahevAtA. e va` hindanA mULa vatanIeno yuddhamAM jItAelA kedIene tathA gulAmeAnA hatA. e vamAMthI eka pAMcame va anateA hateA tene cAMDALa athavA aspRzya kahevAmAM AvatA. Aryoe banAvelA gulAme mAMthI anelA A va AryAMnI ane duniyAbharanA vijetAonI khUnI nItinI yAda ApatA. A vaJa Aje hiMdamAM lagabhaga ardhA karaDa jeTalI saMkhyAmAM che.

Page #151
prakaraNa 4 AryonI samAjaracanA evA AryajIvananI zarUAta anAryonI lUMTaphATa, khUna ane yuddhothI thaI hatI. lUMTArAnI ToLIo jevuM e AryajIvana hindanA. mULa vatanIone lUMTaDyA pachI hindanI dharatI para thoDA varSo sudhI eka sthaLethI bIje sthaLe dhADapADuonI ToLIonI jema lUMTaphATa calAvatuM ane khUnAmarakInA sAhaso zodhatuM eka sthaLethI bIje sthaLe rakhaDatuM pharatuM hatuM. e rIte rakhaDatI AryonI ToLI pAse. gAya ane talavAre hatI. tyAra pachInA bIjA kALamAM e bhayaMkara AryajIvanane sthira thavAne kALa Avyo. ToLInA nAyake ane kulapatioe judAMjudAM grAma vasAvI paDAva nAkhyo. anAryo pAsethI AMcakI lIdhelI jamIne gulAma banelA anAryonI mahenatathI kheDAvA lAgI. AryajIvanane e bIjo bhAga kRSikALa hato. e jIvanamAM Aryoe judAMjudAM prANuone pALavA mAMDayA tathA temano khorAka tarIke upayoga karavA mAMDyo. tathA pitAnA khetInA kAmakAjamAM teno upayoga karavA mAMDayo. e Arya lokeAnI TeLIo khetI karatI hatI. yuddha karatI hatI tathA anAja ane mAMsa khAtI hatI.. ane badhAM kAme tathA veTha anAryo pAse karAvatI hatI. dareka grAmanI.

Page #152
142 jamIna TALIe)nA kulapatione vaheMcI ApavAmAM AvI hatI. paNa badhA kulapatie badhI jamInane eka sAthe kheDatA hatA. te samayanI A vyavasthAne evA kAyade! hatA ke koI paNa kulati peAtAne bhAga AvelI jamIna bIjA kulapatine vecI zake nahi paNa peAtAnA vArasadArane ApI zake. A samAjaracanAne te pachIne! kALa te hastaudyoganA vikAsane kALa hateA. I. pU. 1000 varSa pahelAM nAnAM nAnAM udyogonI zarUAta thaI gaI hatI. tathA luhArA, suthAra, zilpIe ane mAcIe jevA kArIgarAnI TALI banI gaI hatI. e uparAMta hAthIdAMtanI anAvaTA karanArA, mATI kAma karanArA, raMgarejanuM kAma karanArA, mAchImAraneA dhaMdhA karanArA kArIgaro paNa vadhatA hatA. A badhAM uparAMta vikAsa pAmatA A jIvanamAM khalAsIo, ane zikArIe, khATakIe, ka doie, hajAme tathA bIjA evA aneka dhaMdhAdArIo paNa hatA. lUkhuM ane sAduM AjIvana have sthira thaI aneka dizAomAM gati karI rahyuM hatuM. vastuonI aMdara aMdara Apa le zarU thaI hatI. eka bIMchanA sATAmAM vepArI Apa lenI e namra zarUAta hatI. kimmatanu pramANu kharIda karanAranI jarUriyAta upara nakkI thatuM hatu N. dhImedhIme rAjAnA darabAramAM eka eve! amaladAra varga nImavAmAM AvatA hatA je kArIgarAnA badhA utpAdananA bhAva nakkI karatA hatA. dhImedhIme vastuonA sATAthI zarU thaelo vepArI vyavahAra gAceAne nANA tarIke upayAga karatA hatA. tyAra pachI khUba vajanadAra tAMbAnA sikko manAvavAmAM AvyeA. e sikko theADIka vyaktie e svIkAryAM hatA. ekA nahi hAvAne lIdhe e sikkAone jamInamAM dATI rAkhavAmAM AvatA ane saMdharavAmAM AvatA. paNa buddhunA samaya pahelAM vikAsa pAmatA jatA bIjA pradezA sAthe zarU thayelA vepArane lIdhe judAjudA nagaremAM vepArIe leNadeNanI prathA pramANe vyavahAra

Page #153
143 calAvatA hatA. huMDIo ApavAmAM AvatI hatI. dhIradhAra thatI hatI. nANAnI zarUAta thayA chatAM jugaTu ramavAnI prathA nAza pAmI nahotI. saMskRtinA vyavahArane anurUpa evA jugaTAnA pAsAe zidhI kADhavAmAM AvyA hatA. ghaNI jagyAe te rAjA pote ja enI prajAne jugaTu ramavA mATe vizALa khaDe baMdhAvI Apato. e jugaTAmAM jItanAranI para rAjAnA kare nAkhavAmAM AvatA hatA. vedakALanI nIti nItinI keIpaNa vicAraNA ke AcAranA mULa te te samayanA Arthika saMjogomAM hoya che. eTale nItinuM keIpaNa svarUpe mukhyatve karIne vyApArI saMbaMdhonA pAyApara UbhuM hoya che. vedakA-LanI Arya samAjanI nItibhAvanA temAM ApavAdarUpa nahatI. milakatanA mukhya svarUpa jevI gAyonA dhaNa paDAvI levA e te samayanA Arya rAjAonA rAjakIya vyavahAro hatA. e uparAMta Arya prajAjanomAM aMdara aMdaranI vyavasthAnA kAyadAo vadhAre vyavasthita hatA, ema sikaMdaranA samayanA grIka ItihAsakArenuM kathana che. te samayanI Arya prajAne adAlatane AMgaNe bhAgyeja caDhavuM paDatuM. athavA eka bIjAnI milakata paDAvI levAnI dAnata te samayanA saMjogomAM khUba ochI hovAne lIdhe te samayanA loke pitAnA gharane tALA vAsatA na hatA, tathA aMdara aMdaranI dhIradhAramAM lakhANo nahotA karatA. vacanapAlana e te samayanA sAmAjika sadaguNanI viziSTatA hatI. RgavedamAM vyabhicAranA, atyAcAranA, vezyAvRttinA tathA garbhapAtanA ullekho che tathA te samayamAM sajAtiya vikRti paNa hatI tema mAnavAne kAraNa che. bIjI badhI rIte vedakALamAM jAtiya saMbaMdhanA khUba UMcA dhoraNo jALavI rAkhavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. vedakALanI lagna prathAmAM chokarIone kharIdavAmAM AvatI athavA te temanuM haraNa karavAmAM AvatuM. keTalAMka lo eka bIjAnI

Page #154
144 anumatithI paNa thatA. paNa anumativALAM lama bahu AkhavALAM gaNAtAM nahi. je lagnamAM strInI vadhAre kimmata UpajatI te lagna vadhAre mAnavALAM gaNAtAM. tathA je lagnamAM strInuM haraNa karavAmAM AvatuM te lamane paNa mAnavALuM gaNavAmAM AvatuM. eka puruSa ekathI vadhAre strI sAthe lagna karI zakatA. zrImatonI zrImaMtAI temanA aMtaHpuramAMnI strIonI saMkhyAMthI aMkAtI. kAI kAI ThekANe eka strI ekathI vadhAre puruSa sAthe paNa lagna karI zakatI. eka sAthe pAMca bhAie sAthe lagna karanAra draupadI te samayanI evI prathAnI sAkSI pUre che. e rIte ekathI vadhAre puruSa sAthe paraNanAra strI judAjudA puruSa! sAthe nahi paNa sagAbhAI e sAthe ja paraNatI. sIaAnamAM e prathA 1859nI sAla sudhI meAjIda hatI. ane TimeTanA gAmeAmAM Aje paNa e prathA cAlu che. anArDane gulAmeA banAvyA pachI A leAkeA dharane vizALa ane vyavasthita banAvavA mATe ekathI vadhAre strIo sAthe lagna karatA tathA strIe!. tathA bALakAnA svAmI ka!I paNa samaye peAtAnI itarAjI thatAM ke jarUra paDatAM strIone kADhI mUkI zakatA jugaTAmAM hArI zakatA athavA vecI zakatA. ane Ama chatAM paNa vaidika kALamAM tyAra pachInA kALa karatAM strIe vadhAre svataMtra hatI. strIo mijabAnImAM khullI rIte bhAga laI zakatI, nAcamAM jaI zakatI, tathA dhArmika yajJomAM puruSa! sAthe besI zakatI. strIe abhyAsa paNa karI zakatI hatI ane gArgInI jema tAtvika vAda vivAdo yeAjI zakatI. peAtAnA eka dhaNI marI gayA pachI chUTathI karIvAra paraNI zakatI hatI. paNa pachI kSatriyeAnA AdhipatyavALA jamAnAmAM strInuM svAtaMtrya echuM thatuM gayuM. strIe bhaNavAnI jarUra nathI ema manAtuM jatuM hatuM tathA vedanA mantra strIe sAMbhaLe te! veda abhaDAI jatA hatA. strInAM punarlagna echAM thaI gayAM hatAM. paDadAnI zarUAta thatI hatI. milkata banelI strIne satI banAvI mAlikA

Page #155
15 taraphanI vaphAdArInI parAkASTAe pahoMcADavAmAM AvI hatI. pitAnA mAlika taraphanI vaphAdArInI hadapara pahoMcatI te pitAnI buddhinA bAraNAM svAmInI buddhipara madAra bAMdhI baMdha karI detI hatI. tathA potAnI badhI lAgaNInAM vaheNe potAnI aMdha svAmIbhaktinI divAlamAM baMdha karI detI hatI. e rIte chevaTanA zvAsa sudhI puruSanI parAdhInatAmAM pAmara jIvana jIvatI rAmAyaNa kALanI strInA Adarza tarIke sItAne cAritrano ullekha karavAmAM Avyo che. dharma Aryo nAgalokamAM lohIluhANa ramakhANe calavatA ane hiMdanI bhUmi para AkramaNa karatAM hatAM tyAre te samayane hiMdanAM mULa vatanIomAM prANIpUjA (Totemism) tathA AkAzI padArthonI pUjA ane jhADa tathA jharAonI pUjA thatI hatI. sApa ane ajagaro paNa pUjavAlAyaka daivI vibhUtio manAtI hatI. nAganuM mAna, naMdI ane yakSa athavA jhADa bhagavAna e badhAM AryonA Agamana pahelAMnA deva hatA. te samayanA hiMdanA ItihAsamAM dharma nahoto paNa dharmanA pAyA jevA jAdunAM judAM judAM svarUpa ane vidhio hatAM. havAmAM ane jaMgalomAM devatAo ane rAkSaso rahe che ema mAnavAmAM AvatuM. marI gayA pachI mANase paNa pAchAM AvatAM hoya che evI mAnyatA hatI. dareka jAtanI zArIrika ane mAnasika bimArIne devatAo, rAkSaso ke pUrvajonA vaLagADarUpa mAnavAmAM AvatI hatI. pachI Aryo AvyA ane vedakALanI zarUAta thaI. atharvaveda e jAdunA jJAnano veda che. atharvavedamAM te samayanAM mULa vatanIonI dhArmika mAnyatAonI Apara thayelI asara ekakhI dekhAI Ave che. atharvavedamAM bALake meLavavA mATenA maM che. garbhapAta karavAnA maMtra che. jIvanane laMbAvavAne maMtra che,

Page #156
146 aniSTane nivAravAnA maMtre che tathA UMdha ANavAnA ane duzmanAne herAna karavAnA ane mArI nAkhavAnA maMtrA paNa che. venA zarUAtanA devA kudaratI paribaLeA hatA. AkhI kudarata jaMgalanA tara'gI manuSyAe kalpelI deva devInI bhujADathI bharelI hatI. AkAza deva hatA. sUraja deva hatA. pRthvI devI hatI tathA prakAza, vAyu, pANI e badhAM deva hatAM ane jAtiyatAnA svarUpe paNa daivI manAtAM. deva zabdane zarUAtane arthe prakAzita athavA AkAza evA thatA hatA. pachI devamAM divyatAne arthe AreApavAmAM AvyA. AkAza bhagavAnane manuSya sAthe mApanA saMbaMdhathI joDavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. pRthvI manuSyanI mAtA hatI. AkAzamAMthI paDatA varasAdathI pRthvI mAtA aneka jAtanAM utpAdane karatI hatI. varasAda paNa bhagavAna hatA ane enuM nAma parjanya hatuM. devatA agnideva hatA, pavana vAyudeva hatA. rega lAvanAra rudra deva hatA ane jhaMjhAvAta Indra hatA. sAma nAmane cheDave! jeneA rasa pIvAthI devA ane manuSyAne ke* caDatA hatA te paNa eka bhagavAna hatA. te samayanA taraMgI vananI kavitAee jaMgalI sattvA ane kudaratI tatvAne kavitAmAM gAyAM hatAM. ane taragamAM devadevI banAvI pUjyAM hatAM. vedakALanA zarUAtanA lAMbA samaya sudhI khUba agatyane bhagavAna agni hatA. panAmAM bhaDabhaDatI e agnijavALAe alidAnane svargamAM pahoMcADatI hatI. e agnideva AkAzamAMthI vijaLI rUpe DeDakiyAM karatA hatA ane e agnideva AkhA jIvanane joza ApatA hatA. te samayanA vanasaMogAmAM agninI jeTalI jarUrIyAta hatI teTalI tenI dhArmika agatyatA AlekhavAmAM AvI hatI. varasAdanA tAkAnAnA deva Indra e paNa eka leAkapriya deva hatA. lokAne e priya hatA kAraNa ke A leAkeAnA khetaramAM anAja ugADanAra varasAdane e mekalatA hatA. te samayanA jIvata

Page #157
147 saMjogomAM jeTalI agatya varasAdanI hatI teTalI mahattA Indra bhagavAnanI hatI. pachI tene samayanA Arya kavio pitAnA taraMgI AlekhanamAM e Indra bhagavAnane eka moTA zUravIra yoddhA tarIke cItaratA hatA, tathA tene hAthamAM vaja ApI yuddhamAM utAratA hatA. e vedakALamAM kRSNa nAmanA lokonI ToLIne bhagavAna kRSNa hato. vedakALamAM e bhagavAnanI pUjA vyApaka banI nahotI. viSNu athavA sUraja e paNa eka bhagavAna hato. paNa Indra ane agnithI Utarate hato. paNa jIvananA saMjogo badalAtA hatA ane saMjogo sAthe badalAtI bhagavAnanI mahattA palaTo khAtI hatI. agni ane IndranuM sthAna ochuM thatuM jatuM hatuM ane kRSNa ane viSNu AgaLa AvavAnA hatA. manuSyanA taraMgoe UbhA karelA kRSNa ane viSNu nAmanA bhagavAnane khabara nahotI ke emanI mahattA khUba vadhI javAnI che ane temanA avatAra thavAnA che. veda kALane dhArmika itihAsa vikAsa pAmatI dhArmika bhAvanA krama batAvI Ape che. vedanI zarUAtathI dharmanA svarUpane jhINavaTathI jovAmAM Ave che temAM manuSyanA Arthika saMjogenA palaTA sAthe te saMjogone anurUpa evA dhArmika kama vikAsamAM atharvavedanA jAduothI zarUAta, te samayanA manuSyonA saMjogone sAMpaDelA aneka deva devIe, tyAra pachI maraNa pAmatA devadevIonA chellA vArasadAra jevA bhagavAnanI vistRta kalpanA ane chevaTamAM e badhAM taraMgone aMte upaniSadanI satyanI zodhanI vicAraNAo, e badhuM jaDI Ave che. veda samayanA e badhAM devadevIo manuSyanA saMjogone sAMpaDelA hevAthI AkAramAM manuSya jevAM hatAM. manuSyanA jevA ja udezavALAM hatAM. ane te samayanA Arya loke jeTalAja jJAnavALAM hatAM. zarUAtanA devadevIo temanI prArthanA karanAra koIne paNa nyAya anyAyane vicAra karyA vinA sAtha ApatAM hatAM. paNa pachInA

Page #158
148 vedakALamAM sudharatA jatA manuSyanAM saMbadha sAthe nyAyI mANasane madada karatAM hatAM. ane tyAra pachI e deva manuSyanA sadAcAra tarapha. dhyAna rAkhatAM hatAM ane nItimAnene sAtha ApatA hatA tathA pApI mANasone daMDatA hatA. e rIte vadhI gayelAM devadevIonI vastImAM vicAra karatAM vedakALamAM eka savAla Ubho thayo. e savAla vicAranI zarUAtano hatA. e savAla kAryakAraNanI sAMkaLa sAMdhato hato. A badhuM dekhAya che tenI zarUAta zAthI thaI e e savAla hato. paNa manuSyanI taraMgI bhAvanAe racelAM devadevIonA svarUpe e savAlano javAba ApavA manuSyanI buddhi Ape te pahelAM dhasI AvatAM hatAM. eka vakhata ema manAtuM hatuM ke AkhI duniyAnI zarUAta agni bhagavAne karI che. pachI duniyAnI banAvaTanuM bhAna Indrane ApavAmAM AvyuM. pachI pRthvInI utpattinuM kAraNa sema nAmanA cheDavAne mAnavAmAM AvyuM. chevaTe e badhAM kAraNenI mahattA ochI thatAM eka prajApatinI bhAvanA ghaDI kADhavAmAM AvI. evA prajApatinuM svarUpa AlekhatuM eka upaniSat te samayanA jJAna pramANe sarjanane itihAsa nIce pramANe ApatuM hatuM. "kharekhara ene koI AnaMda nahatA kAraNa ke te bhagavAna prajApati ekalA hatA. e ekalAe bIjAnI icchA karI. pachI emane AkAra bhedIne UbhelAM strI puruSanA AkAramAMthI pati ane patnI ghaDAyAM pachI patipatninA saMbaMdhathI manuSyane janma thayo. pachI e strIne vicAra thayo ke huM bhagavAna prajApatimAMthI utpanna thaI chuM ane bhagavAna prajApatie mArI sAthe saMbaMdha kevI rIte karyo. pachI strI zaramAI gaI ane saMtAI gaI. saMtAI gayA pachI strI gAya banI ane bhagavAna prajApati Akhalo banyA. e benA saMgathI badhAM Dhera upajyAM vagere.." e rIte upaniSado zarUAtamAM vicAranI zarUAta karatAM sarjanane itihAsa Alekhe che. e itihAsamAM ApaNane vicAranI

Page #159
149 zarUAta dekhAI Ave che tathA emAM evo dhvani mAluma paDe che ke eka ja vastumAMthI athavA ekaja tatvamAMthI A vividha prakAranI badhI vastuo utpanna thavA pAmI che. paNa A vedakALanI lekamAnyatAthI hamezAM AgaLa deDatI upaniSanI vicArasaraNI hatI. zarUAtanA vaidika kALanA dhArmika jIvanamAM mUrtio ke maMdire hatAM nahi. jyAre jyAre yajJa karavAnI jarUra paDatI tyAre vidIo racavAmAM AvatI. parziyAnA striyana dharmanI jema agnine saLagAvavAmAM Avato tathA yajJano e pavitra agni balidAnane svargamAM pahoMcADato. jema prAthamika dazAthI zarU thatAM dharmane ekeeka svarUpamAM ja agatyano bhAga bhajave che tema Arya lokonA dharmamAM paNa yajJo sauthI vaghAre agatyanA hatA. kudaratanA banAvothI bIdhela mAnavI jema bhayAkula thaI yajJomAM manuSyonA balidAna Ape che tema vedakALanI zarUAtanA momAM paNa manuSyane homavAmAM AvatAM. paNa pachIthI devadevIone khuza karavA mATe yajJomAM manuSyane zekI nAkhavAnI prathAno aMta Avyo. jema bIjA dezanA devadevIone tema AnA devadevIone paNa manuSyanA mAMsane badale prANIonuM mAMsa vadhAre pasaMda paDayuM. parziyAmAM gayelA AryonI jema hiMdamAM AvelAM Aryoe paNa potAnA duzmanono saMhAra karI AnaMdamAM AvI azvamedha yajJo karavA mAMDyA. rAjAonA brAhmaNa yajJamAM homavAnA ghoDA para ekaso ATha lITIo doratA ane e lITIe lITIe gheDAnA zarIrane kApI nAkhavAmAM AvatuM. pachI e Aryana bhayaMkara yajJamAM gheDAne aMgenI Ahutio ApavAmAM AvatI. e uparAMta bIjA sAmAnya yamAM sudharatA jatA jIvana saMjogone lIdhe prANIonI Ahutine badale dhIme dhIme sema rasa ke dahIM reDavAmAM AvatuM. A yajJa karanAra brAhmaNanI phI atyArane vakIlo karatAM paNa vadhAre vyavasthita ane sakhata hatI. jema Aje vakIlone ApavAnI phI jenI pAse na hoya tene

Page #160
150 adAlatamAM nyAya maLate! nathI tema te samaye brAhmaNAneje zrI ApI zakatA nahi te yajJeA karAvI zakatA nahi. ane je maneA karAvI. zakatA nahi tenI kAI paNa kariyAda devadevIe sAMbhaLatAM nahi. kaI jAtanA yajJamAM kace vakhate keTalI phI ApavI te badhAnA kAyadA mukhya dharmaguru ghaDatA hatA. yajJanI phI tarIke gAyA, gheADAo tathA sAnuM ApavAmAM AvatuM hatuM e pramANe dhArmika kSeAkeAnI pAsethI dhana paDAvatA brAhmaNu va vadhAre sattAvAna tathA zrImaMta banatA jatA hatA. tathA brAhmaNatva vArasAmAM utare che ema manAvatA. hatA. e rIte sattAvAna banate brAhmaNane varga hiMdanA mAnasika ane AdhyAtmika vikAsane avarAdhatA hatA. drAkAne AcAra ane vicAranI saMkucita divAlamAM jakaDI rAkhatA hatA.

Page #161
prakaraNa 5 vedanu' sAhitya A leAkeAnI bhASA khUba jUnAmAM jUnI tathA grIka, leTIna, aMgrejI ane khIjI AyaleAkeAnI badhI bhASAonA mULarUpa che. A vijetAe saMskRta bhASAmAM vAta karatA hatA. parziyana lokenuM dharmazAstra avestA je bhASAmAM lakhAyuM che tene maLatI AvatI te bhASA che. vedanI aMdara evA ullekha maLI AvatA nathI ke te samayanA A leAkA pAse lakhavAnI kaLA hatI. I. sa. pU. AThathI nava saikA pahelAM drAvIDIana vepArIe pazcima eziyAmAMthI semITIka lakhANa lAvyA. tyAra pachIthI hiMdamAM lakhANanI zarUAta thai haze ema manAya che. hiMdanA itihAsamAM jaDI AvelA ullekhamAM azAkanAM lakhANa sauthI jUnAM che, te pahelAMnA samayamAM venuM sAhitya kaThe karavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. tethI vedanuM sAhitya meDha karavAmAM AvatAM gItAnA rUpamAM lakhavAmAM AvyuM che. e sAhitya AMkha mATe nahi paNa kAna mATe sarjavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. jemAMthI hiMdu viSenI Aja sudhInI badhI ja mAhitI maLI Ave che te veda zuM hatA? veda zabdane aM jANavuM evA thAya che.

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15ra veda jJAnanAM pustaka che. Aje mukhya cAra vede ApaNA jANavAmAM che. RgavedamAM stuti gAno che. yajurvedamAM yajJanA maMtre che. sAmavedamAM saMgItazAstranuM jJAna che tathA atharvavedamAM jAdu che. A dareka veda cAra vibhAgamAM vaheMcavAmAM AvyA che. pahelo vibhAga maMtrane tathA stutino che. bIjA vibhAganuM nAma brAhmaNa che ne temAM kriyAkAMDe, prArthanA vagere Ave che. trIjo bhAga AraNyaka kahevAya che. ane temAM mukhya karIne jaMgalamAM vasatA sAdhuo mATenuM lakhANa che. cotho bhAga upaniSad che jemAM tacintana dekhAI Ave che. gavedamAM eka hajAra ane aThThAvIza stuti gAno che. e darekamAM sUraja ke candranI AkAza ke tArAonI, pavana ke pANInI ane agni, upA ke, pRthvInI pUjA karavAmAM AvI che. emAMnAM ghaNuM stotromAM vadhAre Dhere meLavavA mATe, anAja meLavavA mATe tathA jIvana laMbAvavA mATenI prArthanA che. emAMnA thoDA sAhityanI kakSAe pahoMcyA che. keTalAkamAM kudaratanA tarapha bALakanA jeTalI saraLatA ane ahobhAva dekhAI Ave che. eka stotra ajAyaba pAmIne kahe che ke rAtI gAmAMthI gheLuM dUdha kevI rIte AvatuM haze? bIjuM stotra samajavA mAge che ke sUraja astAcalamAM UtaratI vakhate pRthvI upara kema paDI jato nahi hoya! bIju tetra jANavA mAge che ke nadInAM cakacakatAM pANI samudramAM vahI javA chatAM samudra kema UbharAI jato nahi hoya? eka stotramAM yuddhamAM maraNa pAmelA eka sAthIdAra mATe zeka karavAmAM Avyo che ane kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke he pRthvI tuM Ane tArAmAM samAvI de paNa ene cagadIza nahi. eka mAtA pitAne vastramAM jema bALaka DhAMkI de che tema tuM ene kaphanamAM saMtADI deje. vedanI kavitAmAM sahuthI ucca ane Azcarya pamADe tevI sRSTinA sujananI kavitA che. e kavitAmAM daivavAda che ane chatAM paNa khUba bhAvavALI rIte nAstikavAdane gUMthavAmAM Avyo che. eka tetramAM nIce pramANene bhAva mAluma paDe che. "tyAre kaMIja

Page #163
153 hatuM nahi. AkAza naheAtuM ane mAthA paranuM svarganuM chAparUM paNa naheAtuM. tyAre A badhu zuM haze ? mahAsAgaranA agAdha UMDANamAM tyAre mRtyuM hatuM nahi. amaratva paNa hatuM nahi. tyAre divasa ane rAta kazuM nahatuM. tyAre aMdhArU hatuM ane bhayaMkara aMdhakAramAM badhuM DhaMkAyeluM hatuM. tyAre AkAza vinAne mahAsAgara hatA. pachI DhaMkAI raheluM vana paramANuM bahAra nIkaLyu ane emAMthI sarjaka uttejanA sphurI. pachI prema AvyuM!, manamAM rasphuraNA thaI, hRdayamAMthI kavie jAgyA ane sAyalA ane nahi sarjAyelA padArtho vacce vicAra calAvavA lAgyAM. pachI cetananI eka cinagArI AkAzamAMthI ane pRthvImAMthI AvI ane badhe patharAI gaI. pachI bIja vAvavAmAM AvyAM ane mahAna zaktie udbhava pAmI. kudarata hatI ane icchAzakti hatI paNa tenuM rahasya kANa jANe? zI khabara zAmAMthI A vividha sRSTi sarjAI haze? deveza peAte te pachI sarjAyA. jemAMthI A badhuM mahAna sajana yuM te kAI mahAna draSTA je kAI svargamAM che te jAte! haze. zI khabara te paNa na jANatA hAya ! '' RgvedanA eka khIjA kAvyamAM mAnava jAtanA pahelAM mAbApe vaccene savAda che. emAM eka puruSa tute, eka strI hatI. puruSanuM nAma yama hatuM strInuM nAma yamI hatuM. ane bhAI khena hatAM. ena bhAI ne peAtAnI sAthe jAtiya saMbaMdha bAMdhavA kahetI hatI, lalacAvatI hatI ane samajAvatI hatI ke devAe bhAI khenanA saMbaMdhamAM na! bhale pADI hoya chatAM paNa te mAnava jAtanI utpatti mATe jarUrane che. yama naitika kAraNo ApIne tene tema karatI aTakAve che. yamI adhI lAlace AgaLa dhare che ane chevaTe camane kAyara kahe che. e vAta ATalethI aTakAvavAmAM AvI che. A badhI kavitAnA vastu parathI vicArane uttejanA maLatI hAya che. jIvananAM badhAM maMthane!mAM A jAtIya mathana hatuM. emAM manuSyanA

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154 vicArane vikAsa pAmavAnAM sUcane paNa hatAM A badhA vicAranA mULane vikAsa jude jude ThekANe thayele ApaNe upaniSadamAM joIe chIe. upaniSadanuM tatvajJAna jarmana tatvavettA zopanahere kahyuM che ke "AkhA jagatamAM upaniSad je eke kalyANakArI ane manuSyane uccatA tarapha laI janAra abhyAsa nathI. mArA jIvanane upaniSahmAMthI zAMti maLI che ane eja upaniSada mArA maraNamAM paNa mane zAMti Apaze." e upaniSadamAM manuSyanA itihAsamAM jUnAmAM jUnuM evuM jJAna bharyuM che ane eja upaniSamAM manuSyanuM tatvacintana tathA mAnasa vijJAnanA mULa mAluma paDe che. upaniSamAM tAjuba kare tevo vicakSaNa ane dhIrajavALe manane jagatane ane manuSya tathA kudaratanA saMbaMdhane samajavA prayatna thayo che. e upaniSadamAM utAravAmAM AveluM jJAna hemarathI paNa ghaNuM jUnuM che ane jagatanA mahAna cintaka kenTa ane hegala jeTaluM navuM che. upaniSad zabda upa ane Sad e be zabdone banelo che. upa eTale pAse ane Sad eTale besavuM-zikSakanI pAse besavuM. zikSakanI pAse besIne hindanA e prAcIna kALamAM vidyArthIo. zikSakonI pAsethI je gupta jJAna meLavatA hatA te jJAnanA e samUhane upaniSad tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. prAcIna samayamAM Arya saMte e upadezelAM badhAM maLI ekase ATha upaniSaddo che. e badhA saMvAda I. sa. pU. 800 thI 500 daramyAna lakhAyA hovAnuM manAya che. e badhAM eka sAthe cintananI koI ekaja vicAra saraNIne raju karatAM nathI. e saumAM anubhavanI vividha vastuovALA jagatmAM satya vastu zuM che te zodhavAne nikhAlasa prayatna che ane cintana che. tattvajJAnanA ItihAsamAM emAMnA ghaNuM vicAre. sauthI UMDI asara karanArA nIvaDayA che.

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155 e upaniSadA racanAra lekhAmAMthI gheADAnAM nAma jANItAM che. khIjAonA jIvana mATe itihAse ApaNane kazIja mAhitI ApI nathI. e upaniSadeAnA lekhake mAMthI sauthI AgaLa tarI AvanArA nAmeAmAM eka yAjJavalkaya che ane bIjI gAgI che. sauthI prAcIna evA tattvacintakAmAM e strInuM nAma khUba mAnanIya banyuM che. e baMnemAM yAjJavalkayanI bha vadhAre tANI che. e ApaNane kahe che ke eNe sAdhu thavA mATe enI e strIone cheDI dIdhI. emAMthI eka maitreyI nAmanI strIe peAtAne nahi cheADI devA mATe enI sAthe saMvAda karyAM che. e saMvAdamAMthI hiMdamAM hajAre varSa pahelAM manuSyanI lAgaNInI khUba ugratAne! khyAla Aje paNa ApaNane AvI zake che. upaniSadnI vastu nahi samajAtA .evA jagatane samajavAne prayatna che. e vastumAMthI aneka savAle manuSyanA manamAM UbhA thayA hatA. e savAle! janma jIvana ane maraNanA ukelanA hatA. maitreyI upaniSamAM eka rAjA peAtAnuM rAjapATa cheDI de che. jaMgalamAM jaI tapa kare che ane jJAnane khAtara mananI zuddhi kare che. ene jagatanA jIvanane krAyaDe UkelavA che. eka hajAra divasanI enI tapazcaryAM pachI ene eka AtmajJAnI maLe che. rAjA enI pAsethI peAtAnA krAyaDAne Ukela mAge che. nIce pramANenA e UkelanA javAbamAM ApaNe hindu vicAsaraNInuM hArda dekhI zakIe chIe. "hADa, cAma, mAMsapezI, leAhI, rasa, AMsu, maLamUtra vagere aneka vastunu baneluM A zarIra gadhAtu che. IcchAtuSiemAM kazuM hita samAelu nathI. A zarIra je hamezAM icchA, gussA, leAbha, bhrama, bIka, nirAzA, adekhAI ane RSTathI viyeAga tathA aniSTathI sayeAga ane bhUkha ttarazathI, rAga maraNuthI ane bIjI aneka upAdhiothI bharelu. hAvAthI icchAonI tRptimAM zuM sukha che? ane ApaNe joI e chIe ke A Akhu jagata saDatuM jAya che. meTA meTA

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156 mahAsAgare paNa sukAI javAnA che tathA parvate ghasAI javAnA che. sthira dekhAtA evA tArAo paNa calAyamAna thavAnA che tathA pRthvIne paNa pralaya thavAno che. A pramANenI jIvanacakkImAM icchAone upabhoga ane AnaMdamAMthI zuM zubha thavAnuM che?" upaniSadanA DahApaNane e pahelo pATha hato. upaniSadane bIje avAja e hato ke buddhinI zodha kAma AvavAnI nathI. buddhine kazo upayoga nathI, ema nathI paNa enuM sthAna khUba jUja che. padArtho ane padArthonA saMbaMdhane ukelavA mATe buddhikAma lAge che paNa anaMta vastunA ukela mATe buddhi kAma AvatI nathI. je eka gUDha satya badhA dekhAvanA pAyA rUpa che, ane badhI jAtanA bhAna ane jJAnanI avasthAne poSe che tene samajavA mATe buddhi ke Indri kAma AvavAnA nathI. evuM AtmajJAna vidvattA meLavavAthI thatuM nathI. evuM jJAna prApta karavAnI IcchA rAkhanAra brAhmaNe bhaNatarane paNa cheDavuM joIe chIe ane bALaka jevA nirdoSa banavuM paDe che. zabdothI e jJAna zodhavA prayatna karaze nahi kAraNa ke tethI te mAtra jIbhane thAka lAgatuM hoya che. upanidhannI A vAta pazcimanA tatvacintake spA nejA ane barkazAnanA matane maLatI che. je vAtane e pazcimanA cintakee Aje ja uccArI che teno ullekha hindamAM hajAra varSa pahelAM thaye hatA. upaniSad AgaLa jatAM divya jJAna prApta karavAne upAya batAve che ane kahe che ke e satya vastu aMdara che bahAra nathI. e aMdaranI satya vastu jovA mATe jenAre pitAnI aMdarathI badhI jAtanA AcAra ane vicAranA doSone dhoI nAkhavA paDe che. zarIra ane mananI badhI asthiratA zamAvI devI paDe che. paMdara divasa sudhI upavAsa karavo paDe che. e rIte bhUkhamarAthI mana zAMta thAya che, Ikiye cokakhI thAya che ane prazAnta bane che. prANa sthira

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157 thaI peAtAnI jAtane samagra vananA eka aMga rUpa joI zake che. pachI vyakti peAtAne vyakti tarIke bhUlI jAya che ane aiya tathA vAstava satya dekhAya che. A jAtanA aMtaradarzanamAM dRSTA vyaktitvane zvetA nathI. paNa AtmAnA darzana kare che ke je AtmA badhA AtmAonuM Atmatatva che, tathA je nirAkAra ne pUrNa che. upaniSadnA DahApaNanI A chellI vAta khUba agatyanI che. e vAta batAve che ke AtmA ane brahma e be eka vastu che, tathA vyaktinuM jIvana jagatanA jIvana sAthe ekAkAra che. badhI jAtanA bahAranA svarUpAnI pAchaLa viSaya ane viSayI ekaja vastu che. padArtho mAtra ne satya Atmatattva che. vyakti peAtAnA vyakitvane bujhAvI te sAthe eka thaI zake che. taraMgI AdarzIvAdanA zikhara para paheAMcI jaI hajI gaI kAleja jarmanInA mahAna cintaka hegale je dheASaNA karI che tene teja avAja hiMdanA prAcIna jaMgaleAmAMthI AvatA ApaNane dekhAya che. upaniSadezanA A mukhya avAja che. e uparAMta temAM ghaNI vAte cavAmAM AvI che paNa te badhI gauNa che. upaniSadomAM AdarzavAdanI tara'gI vicArasaraNInA cheDe AvI gayeA hate. ArA varSa Aja sudhI hindanA AdarzavAdI cintakAne e upaniSadee preraNA ApI che. yAjJavalkayathI yuddha sudhI ane muddathI gAMdhIjI ane TAgara sudhI AdarzavAdI cintananA zikhare beThelI e tara'gI vicArasaraNIe vyakti, kudarata ane jagatanA jIvana saMbaMdhe!nA taragI khyAle upajAvyA che. khrIstI dharmamAM jevu nyuTesTAmenTa che, tevA hindu dharmamAM ane tenA badhA kAMTAomAM A upaniSadA che. meAhaka, uttejaka ane ajaba jevI A AvAdanI vicArasaraNIe yurepa ane amerikAmAM anekAne mugdha karyAM che tathA e vicAra

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158 saraNInA proASaka rAmatIrtha ane vivAkAna de lAkhe| anuyAyIo UbhA karyAM che. enI ucca kakSAnI chellI UMcAie pahoMcelI eja vicArasaraNIe AkhI duniyAnA aneka cintakAne peAtAnI tarapha AkarSyA che. parAdhIna ane ekalavAyAne niSkriya AzareA ApyA che. zApanahAra ane manane uttejyA che, tathA Aje eja vicAra saraNI mAthA upara UbhI rahI, khele che ke badhuM vicAramAMthI utpanna thayuM che. e tara'gI vicArasaraNIe Aja sudhI duHkha ane pIDaneAnI chevaTanI hada sudhI hindanA du:khI ane pIDitene taragI zabdajALe UbhI karI mithyA peSaNa ApyuM che.

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prakaraNa 6 mahAvIra ane buddha upaniSada kALamAM paNa te samayanA zikSaNamAM zaMkA rAkhanArA ke hatA. e vAta upaniSadamAMthI ja dekhAI Ave che. te samayanA keTalAka RSi munio paNa dharmaguruonA dhatIMgonI majAka karatA hatA. chAMdegya upaniSamAM dharmadha dharmaguruone te upaniSadanA lekhaka eka bIjAnI pUMchaDIe baMdhAIne cAlatA kUtarAo sAthe sarakhAve che. tathA temanA maMtrAcArane pavitra rIte bhasatA kUtarAonA zabda sAthe sarakhAvatAM kahe che ke "ema ApaNe khAIe chIe, ema ApaNe pIe chIe, ema ApaNe AnaMda karIe chIe." vagere. svasana veda upaniSada jAhera kare che ke bhagavAna, svarga, narka ane pUnarjanma jevI kaI vastuo che ja nahi. veda ane upaniSada daMbhIo ane mUrakhonI banAvaTa che. vicAre badhA bhrama che ane zabda badhAM jUThANuM che. sAkariyA vANIthI loke mahI paDIne ke aMjAI jaIne bhagavAna para paDe che tathA devaLomAM jAya che. jene dharma pavitra mANasa tarIke manAve che te pavitra nathI. tathA viSNu bhagavAna ane kutarA vacce kazo bheda nathI." AvI dharmanidaka ane nAstika vAto uccAnArA loko ochA mAnane pAtra banatA hatA.

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160 tathA buddha pahelAnA jamAnAmAM te samayanA zikSaNa sAme savAla karatA ane vAda vivAdo goThavatA pharatA hatA. evA nAstikAmAMthI DAM nAma AgaLa Ave che. e nAme saMjaya, kazyapa, gosala, achata tathA jAbAlInAM che. e lake pUrvajanmamAM nahi mAnavAno upadeza karatA hatA. dhameM nakakI karelA naitika AcArono svIkAra karatA hatA. ane kahetA hatA ke manuSya saMjogono gulAma che ane enI kriyAone saMjogoja nirmANa kare che. e leke upadezatA hatA ke manuSya paMcatattvanuM baneluM che. ane maraNa pachI DAhyAo ke mUrakhAo kaI pharI janmatA nathI. jAbAlI rAmane gAdI tyAga karatA joI rAmano upahAsa karatAM kahe che ke ALasu lokoe banAvelA siddhAntoe rAmanA mana ane magajane ghera lIdhAM che. evA siddhAMto bhoLA ane mUrkha mANasone beTe mArge dore che. evI pharajomAM jakaDAI jatAM ane bhUlAvAmAM paDatAM lokone joI mane khUba duHkha thAya che. evA loke AkhuM jIvana damanamAM gALe che. tathA jIve che tyAM sudhI vaDavAone ane mAlikane, devadevIone balidAna ApyA kare che." buddha pahelAMnA ane buddha pachInA samayamAM uttara hindanA pradeza para vA bhautika vAdane upadeza karanArA loko vAdavivAda karatA ane sabhAo gajavatA pharatA hatA. upadezo ane buddhinA samayanuM sAhitya e nAstikane ullekha vAraMvAra kare che. jevA grIsamAM sophIsTo hatA tevA buddha samayanI zarUAtanA A parivrAjaka hatA. te samayanA manuSyonI aMdhazraddhA para ghA karatA ane pitAne anuzAyIo meLavatA teo eka sthaLethI bIje sthaLe pharatA hatA. e leke khullI rIte nAstikavAda ane pracalita nItine vinAza pikAratA pharatA hatA. AvA lokonA vAda vivAda ane bhASaNa sAMbhaLavA lokonA ToLeToLAM maLatAM hatAM. e lakonI sabhAo meLavavA mATe meTAmeTAM sabhAgRha bAMdhavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. e samaya svataMtra vicArano samaya hato, hindanA te

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161 samayanA vicArakee upajAvelI ane peAkhelI vicAranI svataMtratA upara tarApa mAranArA sattAvAna varganuM jora ochuM hatuM. e badhAM bhautikavAdIo, nAstiko ane svataMtravAdIemAM bRhaspatinuM nAma ahu jUnu che ane AgaLa tarI Avatu che. enA zabdo khUba ceAkakhI rIte kholatA hatA ke "koI svarga nathI. kAI yAtanA nathI. maraNa pachInu kAI jIvana nathI. varNIzramanA vibhAga khATA che. veda khATA che. saMyamA damana che. pazcAtApanA badhAM pariNAmeA dhULa ane rAkha che. sattAvAna leAkeAe peAtAne peTagujAre karavA mATe A badhA bhrama UbhA karyAM che. je leAkeA e bhramane vaza varte che te buddhi vinAnA kAyare che. marI gayeluM zarIra mATI banI gayA pachI pRthvI para pAchuM kevI rIte AvI zake? jo marI gayeluM zarIra bIjA jagamAM jaI zake te je jagat sAthe e premanA baMdhanathI adhAyeluM che tyAM zAmATe na AvI zake ? maraNa pAmelA mANase mATe kriyAkAMDA karanAra! kharcALa AcArAne luccA mANasAe peAtAnA peTagujArA mATe nirmANa karyAM che. jyAM sudhI vana Take tyAM sudhI sukha ane AnaMda meLavavAne yatna karavA joI e." bRhaspatinAM A sutrAthI jene cArvAkavAda athavA jaDavAda tarIke oLakhAya che te jAtanI zarUAta thaI. cArvAkavAdavALA veda daivI che ema mAnanArA tarapha khullI rIte hasatA hatA. tathA kahetA hatA ke " vedanAM lakhANA daivI satyA nathI. kAi paNa satya indriyeA vinA joI zakAtuM nathI. buddhinA jJAna paNa indriyAnA anubhava parathI sAcAM Thare che. bhUtakALanI jema bhaviSya paNa va zeja ema mAnavAne kazuM ja kAraNa nathI. je buddhine samajAtuM nathI ane indriyAnA anubhavathI oLakhAtuM nathI te kazA para vizvAsa karavA nahi. AtmA bhrama che ane eka enDru che. eke eka soga kudarata ane itihAsanAM pabaLe utpanna kare che. soge!ne nirmAvanAra deve tathA rAkSasA hAya che ema mAnanArA mUrakha che. padArtha ekaja satya che. zarIra paramANuonu baneluM che. magaja vicAra karatA padArtha

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162 che. amaratva che nahi. punarjanma paNa nathI. dharma eka vikRti che, rAga che, mAyAjALa che. bhagavAnanA astitvanI bhAvanA duniyA ke duniyAnA banAvAnI samaja mATe nakAmI che. jyAM jJAna nathI tyAM dharma kAlI zake che. jJAna ane vijJAnanA udaya sAthe dharmanA nAza thAya che. nItinA dhArAdheAraNane paNa saMjogA nirmANa kare che. nItinA niyame e daivI AjJAe nathI paNa sAmAjika paribaLee nakkI karelA rIta rivAjo che. kudarata sArA ane kharAba tarak udAsIna che. kudaratanI najaramAM sadAcAra ane durAcAra jevI kAI vastu ja nathI. kudaratane sUraja DAghAone tathA mUrakhAone, sa MtAne tathA duSTAne saune sarakhAja prakAza Ape che. svAbhAvika icchAe ane Avegene rAkavAnI kaMI ja jarUra nathI. kahevAtA sadguNA bhramaNA ja che. jIvananuM dhyeya jIvavAmAM che. eka ja DahApaNa sukha meLavavAmAM che." veda ane upaniSad kALe prameAdhelI nIti ane AcAra vicAramAM krAMti bhAgatA ane viplava jagavatA A badhA upadeze! hatA. AkhA hindu para brAhmaNeAe jamAvelA kAbUnA dAra DhIlA paDI jatA hatA. brAhmaNoe racelA hindu samAjamAM savAle jAgatA hatA, zraddhA egaLatI jatI hatI, tathA hindu samAjamAM bIjI navI vicAraNAne avakAza ApI zake evI khAlI jagyA paDatI jatI hatI. jaDavAdI gaNAtA e leAkeAe peAtAnuM kAma evA jora zArathI calAvyuM hatuM ke veda ane upaniSamAMthI UtarI AvatI jUnI vicArasaraNI ane jaDavAdI dekhAtI A vicArasaraNInA sagharSathI eka navAja vicAra jAgatA hatA. ane e vicAranA meTA bhAgamAM zAsaka athavA kSatriya varga joDAyA hatA. kAraNa ke samajamAM vadhAre joradAra banelA brAhmaNa vargo sAthe kSatriya vanI jhapAjhapI zarU thaI gaI hatI. samAjika athaDAmaNunAM e badhAM paribaLe! mahAvIra ane buhunA samayathI eka navA yuganuM hindanA itihAsamAM maMDANa mAMDatA hatAM.

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prakaraNa 7 mahAvIra I. pU. chaThThA saikAnI vacamAM bihAra prAMtanA vaizAlI nagaramAM eka licchavI jAtinA dhanikane ghera dIkare ja . enAM mAbApa dhanika hovA chatAM punarjanmane dhikkAratAM hatAM, ane AtmAne AzIrvAda rU5 mAnatAM hatAM. jyAre emano dIkaro ekatrIza varSane thaye tyAre e banne jaNAe aicchika bhUkhamarAthI potAnA jIvanane aMta Aryo. potAnA mAbApane Ama lohInuM TIpeTIpuM sUkavI daI AtmaghAtathI bharatAM joie yuvAnanuM hadaya valovAI gayuM. eNe virAgI banI duniyAno tyAga karyo. eNe tyAganA AvegamAM kapaDAM paNa kADhI nAkhyA ane pazcima baMgALAmAM Atmazuddhi ane AtmajJAna zete bhaTakavA lAgyo. tera varSanA AvA AtmaniSedha pachI ane AtmadamananA aneka prayAga pachI enA anuyAyIoe ene jIna athavA vijetA kahyo. ane enAM vidyArthIo mAnavA lAgyAM ke mahAvIra eka mahAna vibhUti che. ane evI vibhUtio athavA jIno A duniyAmAM amuka amuka samayanA aMte UtarI Ave che. tathA hindanA lokone jJAna Ape che. e ziSyoe potAnA e dhArmika nAyakanuM nAma mahAvIra pADayuM ane e jIna uparathI potAne

Page #174
jaina tarIke oLakhAvavA lAgyA. mahAvIre brahmacArI dharmaguruo. tathA evA sAdhuonA saMghanI ejanA karI. beteira varSanI umare jyAre mahAvIranuM mRtyu thayuM tyAre te potAnI pAchaLa cauda hajAra bhakto mUkato gaye. A cauda hajArane saMgha vadhArene vadhAre vistAra pAmate gayo tathA e lokee dharmanA ItihAse kadI nahi dekhelA. evA AtmadamananA dhArAe dhArmika mATe ghaDI kADhayA. jainadharmane siddhAta vAstavadarzI vicAraNAthI zarU thAya che. e siddhAnta pramANe jJAna sApekSa ane deza tathA kALanI maryAdAvALuM manAya che. e vicAraNA pramANe satya jevI vastu zakya nathI. jene satya kahevAmAM Ave che te sApekSa hovAthI eka rIte satya lAge che bIjI rIte asatya mAluma paDe che. ethI karIne badhA nirNa. sImAbaddha ane sApekSa che. jainadharmane vAstavadarzI siddhAnta ATalethI aTakavAne badale AgaLa vadhI gUDha banato jAya che, ane kahe che ke AkharI satya jIna lekeja jANI zake che. e satyane jANavA mATe veda upayoga vinAnA che kAraNa ke te daivI nathI, kAraNa ke bhagavAna jevuM kAMI nathI. duniyAne samajavA mATe Adi kAraNa ke keI sarjakanI kalpanA karavAnI jarUra nathI. nahi sarjAyelA sarjaka ane kAraNa vinAnuM mahAkAraNa evI vedanI banne vAte upahAsapAtra che. Aje dekhAya che te sRSTi anaMta kALathI cAlI Ave che ane temAM thatAM aneka parirvatane devanI IcchAthI nahi paNa kudaratI paribaLone lIdhe heAya che. e rIte chevaTanuM jJAna athavA satyAna ekalA jInane ja thaI zake evuM gUDha tatva umerI jaina dharme bIjA badhAM gUDhavAdano nAza karyo che. vicArane vadhAre vAstavadarzI ane svataMtra banAvyo che. dharmanI aMdha mAnyatAone nAza karyo che ane pitAnI vicAra saraNane bhautika pAyA para mUkI che.

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165 paNa dhArmika anya mAnyatAone eka bAjuthI nikAla karyAM pachI tathA duniyAmAMthI badhAM devadevIone hAMkI kADhavA pachI jaina dharma zuddha vicAranI diSTae patana pAmI devadevIe ane bhagavAnanI khAlI paDelI jagyA para pAte daivI banAvelA saMtAne mUkavA mAMDayAM, e saMteAnI AsapAsa vicitra ane taraMgI datakathAo racAvA mAMDI tathA jaina saMtAne AMdhaLI bhakti ane artha vinAnA kriyAkAMDe| bhajavAvA mAMDavA ane chatAM paNa jaina dharma e daivI banAvelA satAne jaganA sarjaka ke zAsake tarIke oLakhatA nathI. tema chatAM jaina dharma bhautikavAdI nathI. mahAvIra pachInA janee dareka vastumAM ane dareka sthaLe padArtha ane manane dvaitavAda . svIkAryo che tathA ekeeka vastumAM, patharAemAM ane dhAtuemAM paNa, AtmA joyA che. jaina dharme nakkI karelA zuddha jIvana pramANe jIvanAre kAIpaNa AtmA paramAtmA athavA sarvASira AtmA anI zake che ane punarjanmamAMthI bacI zake che ema jainonuM mAnavuM che. pUnarjanmamAMthI bacyA pachI eve. paramAtmA enA guNane badlA khuTI gayA pachI pAche zarIra dhAraNa kare che. saMpUrNa mekSa meLavanArA bahu ja echA pUrNAtmAe heAya che. evA pUrNAtmA janeAnI bhASAmAM advaita kahevAya che. evA aheto jainenA mata pramANe punarjanmathI dUra evA kAI gUDha pradezamAM vasatA hAya che tathA manuSyeAnA saMjogeAthI kevaLa virakta jIvana jIvatA hAya che. mahAvIra pachInA satAnI jamAtoe saDAvI mUkelI mahAvIranI vicArasaraNInA nAmamAM jainee adbhuta banavAnuM jIvanadhyeya emanA bhakto pAse mUkayuM ane vAstavadana para zarU thaelI vicArasaraNIne samAjajIvanathI virakta ane ejavAbadAra banAvavA mAMDI ane svArthI meAkSanA tara'gI khyAla tarapha kheMcavA mAMDI. sAmAjika ejavAbadArIvALuM tathA svArthI mekSavALuM vikRta vyaktigata

Page #176
166 ceya jaina lokonuM jIvana dhyeya banyuM e dhyeyane pahoMcavA mATe jenoe mahAvIre smazAna virAgathI sevelA Atmadamanane zakti tathA tapazcaryA mATe mUkavA mAMDyo. tathA bIjI bAjuthI ahiMsAno siddhAnta upadezavA mAMDyo. eke eka jana sAdhu mATe pAMca pratijJAo ghaDavAmAM AvI. pahelI pratijJA koInI hiMsA nahi karavAnI, bIjI jUThuM nahi bolavAnI, trIjI ApyA vinA svIkAra nahi karavAnI, cethI brahmacarya pALavAnI tathA pAMcamI bahAranA badhA AnaMda tyAga karavAnI. e vicAra saraNue samajAvyuM ke badhI jAtanA indriyonA AnaMda pApa che. tathA AnaMda ane du:kha taraphanI vimukhatA e jIvanane Adarza che. pachI ahiMsAne dharmavALA jenee khetIvADI jevA dhaMdhAne paNa niSe kAraNa ke emAM jamInane cIrI nAkhavAnI hatI. ane jIvajaMtu kacaDAI jAya tema hatuM. jainoe pitAnA bhaktone madhakhAvAne niSedha karyo. pANImAM paNa jIvajaMtu hevAne kAraNe te jema bane tema ochuM pIvuM evuM TharAvyuM. havAmAM pharatA jIvajaMtu moDhAmAM pesI jAya ane maraNa pAme e bhayathI teoe moDhA upara kapaDuM tANa bAMdhavAno niyama mUko. dIvAnI jetamAM pataMgiyA athaDAI paDe evI dhAkathI dIvAnI AsapAsa AstaraNe goThavyAM. cAlatAM paga nIce koI jIvajaMtu cagadAI jAya evI dhAstIthI temaNe jamInane vAraMvAra sApha karavA mATe bagalamAM sAvaraNI mArI. potAnA dhArmika vidhiomAM koIpaNa prANIne saMhAra na karavo ke balidAna na devuM evI vyavasthA karI. e uparAMta sadAcAra tarIke dAna devAnI, parabo mAMDavAnI, davAkhAnAM tathA dharmazALA bAMdhavAnI ane pAMjarApiLe khelavAnI himAyata karavAmAM AvI. koIpaNa jIvajaMtuno vinAza na thAya evI takedArI rAkhI jaina dharme ApaghAta karavAnI chUTa ApI. jaina dharmanA siddhAnta jAhera karyuM ke svecchAe svIkArelA bhUkhamarAthI ApaghAta karI zakAya che ane e rIte kvana TakAvI

Page #177
167, rAkhavAnI aMdha IcchApara vijaya meLavI zakAya che. ghaNuM jenee A rItanuM zaraNa svIkAryuM che ane jaina dharmanA nAyake jagatane tyAga eja rIte kare che ema kahevAmAM Ave che. - mAnasa vijJAnanI dRSTie joIe to e zAstra mAnasa kriyAene Ukela karatAM jaNAve che ke manuSyanA mAnasika rogamAM mukhya beja lakSaNa che. eka Atmadamana ane bIjuM parapIDana. eke eka cittabhramavALAM athavA gAMDa manuSyamAM A be lakSaNe ochAvattA pramANamAM hoya che ja. jena dharma prabodhelA A badhAM pIDane vaijJAnika daSTie jovAmAM Ave te mAnava samAjanA manane bImAra dazAmAM laI janArAM mAlama paDe che tathA samAjanA Arthika, rAjakIya ke naitika bIjA damananA dhArAdhoraNathI dabAyelAM strIpuruSo tene damanano pratikAra karavAne badale AvA dharmamAM pravezI pitA para thaI rahelAM damanano badalo Atmadamana athavA svapIDanathI vaLatAM hoya che. e rIte damana para racAelA AvA dharmo manuSyanI bImArI dazAne vadhArI mUkatA heya che. samAjanA je saMjogomAM mAnavasamAjanI A bImAra dazAne judAjudA dharmanA kephathI uttajavAmAM AvatI hoya che te saMjogo mAnava samAjanA moTA bhAganuM pIDana tathA manuSyanA meTA bhAgane damana para chavADatA hoya che. jIvananA aTalAM damana ane chevaTanI ApaghAtanI uttejanA para racAyela jaina dharma te samayanA jIvana saMjoga para Ubho hato. te samayanA kacaDAtAM rIbAtAM ane dabAyelAM jIvananI e pratikRti hatI. jyAre samAjanA moTA bhAganuM jIvana haDadhUta bane che, tiraskArAya che, ke zeSaNa pAme che tyAre e jIvana viplavane mArge na jAya te mATe samAjanA zAsakavargo evA jIvanane ajJAna ane daMbhathI dabAvI rAkhavA mAgatA hoya che. badhA dharmonI jema jana dharma paNa sAmAjika nItine eka damana prakAra mAtra che.

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168. e jaina dharma Izu pachI eMsI varSe eka bImAra dazAnA kSullaka lekhI zakAya evA kAraNe be vibhAgamAM vaheMcAI gayA. e samayathI jainemAM be vibhAga paDayA. eka zvetAmbara ane bIje digambara zvetAmbara e hatA ke je leke zveta vastra paridhAna karavAmAM mAnatA hatA. digambara e hatA ke je AkAza paheravAmAM (nagna rahevAmAM) mAnatA hatA. A vibhAganI zarUAtamAM te ema hatuM ke je kaI jaina hoya teNe kAMti gheLuM vastra paheravuM athavA te nama rahevuM. Aje sudhArAnA vikAsanI asarathI vetAmbara jainonA sAdhuo ja dhoLAM vastra pahere ane digambara jaina sAdhuo ja namra rahe ema karyuM che. A be vibhAgamAM ghaNA vibhAge paDatA gayA che, digambarena saMgha Aje cAra peTA vibhAgamAM vaheMcAyo che. ane zvetAmbaronA cerAza bhAga paDyA che. Aje jainonI saMkhyA AkhA hindamAM badhI maLIne tera lAkha jeTalI che.

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prakaraNa 8 mukhya hindamAM A le!! AvyA pachI tene khUba Arthika vikAsa thavA mAMDayo hato. pATalIputra tathA vaizAlI jevA mahAna nagarA adhAyAM hatAM. udyoga ane vepAre deAlata jamAvI hatI. jamA thayelI dAlate ezaArAma ane vilAsanAM sAdhane upajAvyAM hatAM. ArAmamAMthI vilAsa sAthe vicAravAnI navarAza paNa prApta thaI hatI. e vicAranI navarAze samAjanA eka vibhAgane savAle pUchate! banAvyuM. hatA ane temAMthI AryAMnA veda ane upaniSadenAM vidhAnA sAthe sAthe bhautikavAda paNa vikAsa pAmatA jatA hatA. e samaya I. pU. chaThThA ane sAtamAM sakAne hate. mahAvIranI jema muddanI AMkhe! paNa te samayanA ane udhADI nAkhI. vadhI gayelA dravya ane tene lIdhe vilAse caDhelA, samAjanA moTA bhAganA zASaNa para jIvatA svachaMdI ane vilAsI anelA niMkA ane sattAvAne para paNa khuddanI najara paDI. paristhitione joI muddanI AMkheA UDI gaI. UghaDI gayelI AMkheAvALA e eNe samAjane jagADavA bhUma mArI. enA e avAjamAM te samayanA svacchaMda ane vilAsa tarapha nirAzA ane zeAkanI pratikriyA hatI.

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170 itihAsa mundnAM mAtApitA rAjyakartA hatAM ema kahe che. enA ApanuM nAma zuddodana hatuM ane mAtAnuM nAma mAyA hatuM.zuddhodana gautamakuLane tathA zAkaya jAtinA hatA. enA nagaranuM nAma kapilavastu hatuM. himAlayanI taLeTImAM e nagara AvyuM hatuM. buddhanA janma I. pU. 563 varSa para thayeA hateA. ema manAya che.. buddhanuM jUnuM nAma siddA hatuM. enA premALa pitAne! e lADIlA kumAra duHkha ane zAkanI kalpanA vinA vatA hatA. itihAsanI daMtakathAe ema kahe che ke enA mananuM raMjana karavA mATe cAlIza hajAra chekarIone rokavAmAM AvI hatI. tathA jyAre te ummara lAyaka thaye! tyAre strI tarIke keAI ekane pasaMda karavA mATe pAMcasA suMdara strIone ekaThI karavAmAM AvI hatI. . eka samaye e peAtAnA mahelamAMthI nagara jovA mATe bahAra nIkaLyA ane eNe eka gharaDe! mANasa joye..e ghaDapaNanA vicAra karatA thayA. bIje divase e nagaramAM karavA nIkaLyA te eNe mAMdA mANasa joyeA ane rAganI bhayaMkaratAthI e camakI Uce.. trIje divase eNe maraNa pAmelA mANasanuM zaba joyuM ane mRtyuthI e AdhAta pAmI Uce.. eke eka dharmanA udaya maraNanA khyAlamAMthI thatA heAya che. jo jagatamAM maraNa naheAta te dharma naheAta. ane jo jagatamAM maraNa naheAta teA deva devIe naheAta. A traNe jAtanAM ne khuddane vicAra karatA karI mUkyA ane eNe satya zodhavA mATe mAtA pitAne tathA strI ane bALakane tyajI devAnA nizcaya karyAM. eka rAte teNe tenI strI yazeAdharA ane putra rAhulanA tyAga karyo ane eka channa nAmanA sArathI pAse ratha joDAvI gharabAra cheDayuM. eNe uvelA nAmanA eka sthaLe ratha aTakAvyA. e sthaLa eka nadInA kinArA para hatuM. tyAM suMdara jaMgala hatuM. AsapAsa gAmA paNa hatAM. A

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171 sthaLe eNe tapa karavAnA niradhAra karyAM. sATha varSa sudhI eNe yeAganI kriyAo karI ane kaMdamULa ane dhAsa khAdhAM ane amuka samaya chANu khAI ne rahyo. eNe vALanA anelAM ja vastro paheryAM. eNe. peAtAnI jAtane pIDavA mAMDI. peAtAnA vALa cUTI nAkhyA. kalAkAnA kalAkrA sudhI khaDe page Ubhe rahyo ane kAMTA upara zayana karyu, eNe dhULane peAtAnA zarIra para TharavA dIdhI. pRthvI upara Ubhele e khakhaDI gayelAM jhADanA khaDera jevA lAgatA hateA. maDadAone jyAM pazue ane pakSIone khAI javA mATe nAkhavAmAM AvatAM hatAM tyAM te sUI rahyo hato. Atmadamana ethI AgaLa jaI zake ema nahetuM. eNe jIbha kacarIne marI javAne nirNaya karyo paNa maraNanA khyAle enI hatheLImAM parasevAnA TIpAM bAjhatyAM. ene zvAsa aTakA vavAne vicAra AvyuM. enA kAnamAM pavananA joradAra avAje athaDAyA. enA mAthApara jANe joradAra dhaNu paDatA heAya evuM lAgyuM. pAche e vicAramAM paDace!. eNe thADA gheADA kheArAka levAnA vicAra karyAM. pachI eka divasa ene samajaNa paDI ke AtmapIDana te sAcA mA` nathI. AtmadamananI AvI tapazcaryAMethI kazuM jJAna sAMpaDavAnu nathI ema ene jaNAyuM. eNe enA damana ane tapazcaryAMnA tyAga karyAM. te eka meDhA ghaTAvALA jhADa nIce sthira thaIne zAMta rIte beThe. eNe manuSyAne bhegavavA paDatAM du:khe, dIlagIrI, anyAye bImArI, ghaDapaNa ane maraNa e zaunI zAMta vicAraNA calAvI. ene ekAeka eka Ukela jaDaye. enI AMkha AgaLa jIvana maraNa e eka sAthe dekhAyAM paNa maraNa karatAM jIvana vadhAre joradAra jaNAyuM. ene lAgyuM ke sukhI ane du:khI, U~ca ane nIca sArAM ane kharAba evAM manuSyA pAtAnA karelAM karmanA niyama pramANe janmatAM hAya che tathA eja karmanA niyama pramANe zubha ane azubha evI ekaeka kriyA mATe manuSyane A janmamAM athavA

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172 bIjA janmamAM badalo maLato hoya che athavA zikSA thatI hoya che. ene samajAyuM ke sarva prakAranA duHkhanuM mULa janma hoya che. manuSyane zeka ane duHkha ApatAM jIvanavALo janma anaMtakALa sudhI thayA karatA hoya che. je janmane aTakAvI devAmAM Ave te badhuM ThIka thaI jAya paNa janma aTakato nathI kAraNa ke te eka jIvanamAM karelAM manuSyanAM zubha ane azubha karmo te karmane badalo levA athavA zikSA ApavA manuSyane bIje janma levaDAve che. enI sAme chevaTano eka ja savAla javAba mAgI rahyo hato. e savAla manuSyanA janmane aTakAvavAno hato. je manuSya saMpUrNa nyAyathI jIve che ane pitAnA vicArone anaMta vastu sAthe jeDI de te tathA potAnA hRdayane asthira vastuomAM rasa letuM aTakAve to kadAca manuSya janmamAMthI ugarI zake ane to kadAca enA aniSTonuM jharaNuM sukAI jAya. je manuSya badhI IcchAone zAMta karI de tathA AkhuM jIvana zubha kAryo kare to te potAnA vyaktitvane bhUMsI nAkhI zake. ane te ja teno AtmA ajJAta anaMtamAM samAI jAya. buddhane A ukelamAM ghaNuM savAlo gUDha rahyA che. zubha zuM? nyAyI jIvana zuM? ajJAta anaMta zuM? tathA vyaktigata evI IcchA zuM? e uparAMta hRdayane zuddha karavuM te zuM? e badhA savAlo javAba mAgI le che. buddha evA koI paNa savAlanI vAstava jIvanane anurUpa spaSTa vicAraNA karI nathI. buddhanI vicArasaraNImAM ekaja vicAra sauthI AgaLa cheDe che. e vicAra janmane aTakAvI devAno athavA jIvanane bujhAvI nAkhavAno. manovega ane IcchAone bujhAvI daI jIvanane bujhAvI nAkhI zakAya che ema buddhano mata hato. jIvana bujhAI jAya te dazAne e zAMtinA nAmathI varNave che. tathA e zAMtinI saMpUrNatAne nirvANa evuM nAma Ape che. manuSyanA duHkhono upAya zodhatAM nirvANano Ukela hAthamAM laI kumAra siddhArthe buddha evuM nAma

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173 dhAraNa karI bhAratavarSanA pavitra evA banArasa nagara tarapha pramANa. . karyuM. tyAM eNe sAranAthanA udyAnamAM du:khI ane pIDita kSene nirvANune mAga prameAdhavA mAMDayo. majabUta icchAzaktivALeA magarUra ane mehaka paNa khUba vinayI ane namra eve! khudda peAtAne jaDele ukela lokezane zIkhavavA bhaTakatA hateA. enA samayanA khIjA upadezakAnI jema e vAtacIta savAdo ane vyAkhyAnadvArA peAtAnI vastu, rajI karatA hatA. eNe peAtAnA siddhAntAne sutranArUpamAM mUkayAM hatA. peAtAne jJAna thayuM che ema kahetA hatA. khIjA phirastAonI jema eNe. kadi paNa karyuM nathI ke bhagavAna enA dvArA khele che. vAdivavAdomAM manuSya jAtanA bIjA kAI paNa zikSA karatAM eNe vadhAre dhIraja, sahanazIlatA ane vicAra batAvyAM che. leAkeAne zikSaNa ApavAnI enI rItabhAta asamAnya hatI. eka zaherathI khIje zahera te page. cAlIne jatA hatA. enI sAthe hamezAM enA bArase jeTalA vidyArthIe pharatA hatA. e gAma ke zaheranI hada para TakA tathA chAvaNI nAkhIne paDatA. apeArane adhe! samaya dhyAnamAM gALIne sAMjane vakhate e vAtacIta karatA. enA kathananuM mukhya sutra e hatuM ke jIvana duHkha che, du:kha icchAone laine thAya che. ane icchAe zAMta karavAmAM badhuM DahApaNa che. e jagata pAse cAra satyeA raju karatA hatA. paheluM satya du:khanuM hatuM. janma duHkharUpa che. mAMdagI du:kharUpa che, ghaDapaNa duHkharUpa che. dIlagIrI, zeka, nirAzA ane udAsInatA du:kharUpa che. 2. A badhAM du:khanuM kAraNa icchAe che. chAene lIdhe pharIvAra janma levA paDe che. AnaMda ane vilAsanI icchAe karavI paDe che. pachI jIvananirvAha mATe uzkerAI javuM paDe che. 3 have duHkhanA nAzane upAya upadezA e kahetA hatA ke icchAonuM zamana karavuM ane sa`pUrNa tyAga sAthe alipta banavuM e duHkhanA saMpUrNa nAzane upAya che. 4. e upAya ATha sAdhaneAthI asarakAraka banI zake che, e A sAdhanA samyaka mata, samyaka vicAra, samyaka AcAra, samyaka

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174 prayatna, samyaka dhyAna, samyaka dhAraNA ane A uparAMta IcchAone nimUrNa karavA tathA ahiMsA AcaravA mATe saMmata thatA chatAM buddha Atmagha tane kadI paNa upade nathI. eNe ene hamezAM vakhe che tathA kahyuM che ke jyAM sudhI Atmazuddhi thatI nathI ane nirvANa pamAtuM nathI tyAM sudhI hamezAM punarjanma thayA karatA hoya che. leke sAthenI sAmAnya vAtacItamAM e IzunA jevI vANI belato hato. e kaheto hato ke bIjA taraphanA premathI vera ke gusso jItavo joIe. bIjA tarapha bhaluM karavAthI burAIne nAza kare joIe. eka bIjAne jItavA na joIe paNa bhAIcAre keLavavo joIe. kAraNake koI paNa prakAranI jIta tiraskAra utpanna kare che. duniyAmAM tiraskArathI tiraskAra zamate nathI paNa prema ja tiraskArane nAza kare che. isunI jema strIonI tarapha enuM valaNa vakhoDanAruM na hatuM. eNe strIone potAnA sAdhuonA sAthamAM paNa sthAna ApyuM hatuM. ane te paNa e pitAne bhikSuone strI saMsargamAM sAvadhanatA keLavavAnuM kaheto hato. e viSayamAM ene eka AnaMda nAmanA bhikSuka sAthe e saMbandhane saMvAda sUcaka che. Anade ene pUchayuM ke, "strIo taraphanuM ApaNuM valaNa kevuM hovuM joIe?" eNe javAba Apyo ke "ene dekhatA na hoIe evuM." AnaMda pUchyuM ke "paNa dhAro ke ApaNe emane joI gayA te?" "te temanI sAthe vAta na karavI." budde javAba Apyo. "paNa dhAro ke e lokoe ApaNI sAthe vAta karI te ApaNe zuM karavuM?" AnaMde pUchayuM. "jAgrata rahevuM "budde javAba dIdho, dharma viSene khudane khyAla kevaLa naitika hati. ene manuSyanA AcAra viSeja khUba lAgatuM hatuM. temanA kriyAkAMDo, dhArmika mAnyatAo, ane pUjA mATe nahi. gayAmAM snAna karavAthI pavitra thavAya che ema tene keIe kahyuM tyAre eNe javAba dIdho ke game tyAM snAna karavAthI cokakhuM thavAya che paNa sAcI vastu snAna

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175 karavAnI nathI. dareka tarapha bhASALu' paNe vartavAnI che. jo tuM nR ele nahi, kAIne paNa mArI nAkhe nahi, tane je svecchApUrvaka na ApavAmAM Ave te svIkAre nahi te| AtmatyAgathI salAmata evA tane gayA javAthI kazuM ja maLavAnuM nathI. evA tAre mATe ekeeka pANI gayAthI paNa vadhAre pavitra che. khuddane A mAnavatA bharyAM upadeza darekane AkarSatA hatA. ane bIjA dharmoe upajAvelA anaMtanA, amaratvanA, tathA bhagavAnanA savAlAne zamAvI detA hatA. e anaMtatAnA kAI paNa vAvivAda tarapha hasate. jagatanI zarUAta kayAre thaI ane tene aMta kayAre Avaze evA kAIpaNa savAleAne ' te hasI kADhatA hatA. zarIra ane AtmA eka che ke judA evA praznanA javAba ApavAnI e nA pADate hatA. evA badhA savAla javAbane e vitaMDAvAda kahetA hatA. e kahetA hatA ke sAcI sAdhutA evA vAda vivAda ke bhagavAnanA jJAnamAM nathI paNa jIvanane svA rahita tathA pareApakArI banAvavAmAM che. e varNAzrama dharmone tiraskAratA hatA tathA kahetA hatA ke badhA pradezomAM manuSyA sarakhAM che ane ekeeka manuSyamAM sadAcAra sarakhA che. e bhAra daI ne kahetA hatA ke garIba ane zrImaMta, ucca tathA nIca saumAM sarakhu manuSyatva che. devadevIene balidAna ApavAnA khyAlane e khUba bhAra daI ne niSedhatA hateA. ane dharmane nAme vadherAtAM prANI tarapha khUba AdhAta pAmIne jotA hatA. e badhA jAduene ane matrAne, prArthanAo tathA AtmadamananA mAne vakhADI kADhatA hatA. zAMtithI ane carcAnA kalaho jagavyA vinA e jagata pAse aMdhazraddhA vinAne AcArya pada vinAne svataMtra vicAra mUkatA hatA tathA sadAcArathI kAI paNa nAstikane mekSa thAya che ema khelatA hatA. kAI ajJAta evA bhagavAnanI prArthanA karavAnA khyAlane hasI kADhatA hatA tathA kahetA hatAM ke evI keAI ajJAta vastu manuSyane sukhI ke du:khI karI zake che ema dhAravuM e mUrkhAI che. manuSyane maLatAM sukha duHkha

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176 manuSyanI icchAonAM ane AcArAnAM pariNAme! hAya che ane tethI nItinA kAI paNa dhArAdheAraNA daivI paravAnagIe upara ke svanI ne narkanI lAlace ke bhaya para na racAvAM joI e. jevI rIte e kAI deva ke bhagavAna vinAnI naitika vicArasaraNI raju karatA hatA tema AtmA vinAnuM mAnavijJAna samajAvatA hatA. e kahetA hatA ke AtmA jevI kAI vastu nathI. ApaNane je jJAna thAya che te badhuM indriyAne thatA anubhavA para thAya che. badhA padArthI eka jAtanI zakti che. e zakti kriyA ke saMcalananA svarUpamAM dekhAya che. ekeeka kriyA ke saMcalana parivananuM svarUpa che. jIvanamAM paNa hamezAM piravana pAmatI eka kriyA che. ApaNAM nabaLAM magajone bhramamAM nAkhavA mATe AtmA nAmanI daMtakathA ghaDI kADhavAmAM AvI che. evA AtmA nAmanA bhramane ApaNe ApaNA mananI jJAna dazAonI pAchaLa mUkIe chIe. manamAM jevuM kAInuM astitva che te saMskAra athavA savedano che ane e badhAM mananA niyame| pramANe smRttie ane vicAre mAM tathA bhAvanAomAM pariNAma pAme che. ane e saune ghaDanAra jene icchAzakti kahevAmAM Ave che tevI kAI zakti nathI paNa e badhI vArasAmAM maLelI TavAthI tathA saMjogothI nirmANa thAya che. mana eka mAnasika paristhitione pravAha che. AtmA eka vahema che. amaratva jevI eke vastu zakya nathI. muddanu A darzana ane A vicArasaraNI khUba vAstava darzI hatAM. paNa pAte e vAstavadarzI vicAraka karatAM nItizAstrI hAvAthI enA vicArAmAM sapramANatA sacavAI zakI nathI. ane tethI enI vicArasaraNImAM khUba nabaLA aMkADA rahI gayA che. eka tarapha e amaratva jevI keAI vastu nathI ema kahe che, khIjI tarapha e sadAcAranA khyAlane sAcavI rAkhavA punarjanma nakArI. zakatA nathI. enI vicArasaraNI pramANe AtmA na heAya te| punarjanma paNa zakaya nathI ane pUchyuM ke pApanA balA paNu zakya nathI. eNe

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177 rajU karelA mAnavijJAnanA khyAla :sAthe eNe upadezelA punarjanmanA upadezA vyAdhAtAtmaka che. kadAca enuM kAraNa e paNa hoya ke te samayanA hiMdu samAjamAM punarjanmanI mAnyatA khUba vistAra pAmI hatI tathA Aje paNa tene savAla vinA svIkArI levAmAM AvI che. A punarjanmane! khyAla mudde peAtAnA zvAsa sAthe zaMkA dharyAM vinA pacAvI lIdhA che. mudde peAtAnI vicAraNAmAM punarjanmane tathA karmanA kAyadAne AMkhA mIMcI apanAvI lIdhAM che tathA tyAra pachI peAtAnI sadAcAranI vicArasaraNInA badhA upayega janmamAMthI bacavA mATe tathA nirvANa pAmavA mATe karmanA kAyadAmAMthI UgarI javAnA sAdhana tarIke vAparavAmAM karyo che. paNa nirvANa zuM che e savAla javAba mAgI le che. nirvANane khyAla rajU karanAra mudde paNa tene spaSTa artha nathI karyAM. khudda pachInA enA anuyAyIee nirvANunA anukULa arthAM karyAM che. saMskRtamAM e zabdanA abujhAI javuM evA thAya che. baudhdha dharma zAstra enA arthI svArthI icchAonA saMpUrNa zamana sAthe saMpUrNa sukha meLavavuM, punarjanmamAMthI mukti pAmavI, vyaktigata bhAnane nAza karaveza tathA bhagavAna sAthe bhakti ke sumeLa sAdhavA ane maraNa pachI svarganuM sukha prApta karavuM evA kare che, aMtamAM buddhanI vicArasaraNIe dharmaguruonA dhRtI gAM vinAne eka mATe sAdhuone sadha UbhA karyAM che. e sAdhuoe dhIme dhIme buddhanI vicArasaraNImAM tathA AcArdanamAM saDe zarU karyo che. A bhikhkhuMeka athavA buddha dharmanA sAdhue zarUAtathI Aja sudhI khUba sAdAI ane saralatAthI jIvatA AvyA che. ane chatAM paNa dharmanA baMdhAraNa pramANe jakaDAI jatI vicArasaraNImAM lAgu paDe evA saDe! Aje buddha dharmane lAgu paDayo che. Aje budghanA anuyAyIee buddhanI vicArasaraNIne aneka vaheme thI athavA daivI mAnyatAethI bagADI nAkhI che. jagatanA dharmone mAnavatAnI eka navIja dizA batAvI mAnava samAjane premane navA Adeza ApI khudda eMzI varSanI ummare I. sa. pU. 483 mAM maraNa pAmyA,

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prakaraNa 9 elekajhAnDarathI harSa sudhI I pU. 327 mAM paziyAthI AgaLa vadhato alekajhAnDara (sIkaMdara) hindukuza oLaMgI hindustAna para AvI pahoMce. I. pU. 326 mAM teNe sidhu nadI oLaMgI takSazIlA ane rAvaLapIMDI thaIne rAjA pirasanA lazkarane sAmane karyo. parasanA trIsa hajAra pAyadaLane, cAraso ghaDesvArene, traNa rane ane baso hAthIone eNe harAvyA ane bAra hajAra mANasane kApI nAkhyA. eNe jItelA hindI rAjyo para pirasane khaMDiye rAjA banAvI besADyo. tyAra pachI sAta varSe hindamAMthI sikaMdarane adhikAra nAza pAmyo hato. sikaMdaranI sattAne hiMdabharamAMthI teDI nAkhanAra hindanA itihAsamAM amara thayela evo eka vicakSaNa rAjA hatA. e caMdragupta nAmane juvAna kSatriya rAjA hato. ene naMdakuLanA rAjakartAoe magajamAMthI hAMkI kADhayo hate. kauTilya athavA cANakya nAmanA juvAna rAjakAraNIya puruSane ene sAtha maLI gayo. candragupta enI salAha svIkArIne lazkara ekaThuM karyuM. hiMdamAM rahelAM siMkadaranA lazkarane eNe harAvyAM ane hiMdane teNe svataMtra jAhera karyuM. pachI caMdragupta cANakayanI madadathI magadhanA

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1e pATanagara pATalIputra para caDyo. pATalIputramAM baLavo jagAvyuM tathA naMdarAjAnI gAdI laI lIdhI. naMdakuLane nAza thayo ne maurya vaMza gAdI para AvyuM. caMdraguptanA zauce, hiMmata ane cANakyanA rAjakIya DahApaNe candraguptanA magadha rAjyane hiMdamAM sarvoparI banAvyuM. jyAre sIriyAnA rAjAne megesthinIsa nAmane dUta pATalIputra Avyo tyAre matta banelA grIka lokone eNe hiMdanI jAhojalAlI ane saMskRtinuM suMdara khyAna karI batAvyuM. megesthinIsanI bhASAmAM te samayanuM hiMda nIce pramANe hatuM. "hiMdamAM gulAmIna dhaMdhe bIlakula cAlate nahato. kAmadhaMdhA pramANe AkhI prajAne cAra bhAgamAM vaheMcI nAkhavAmAM AvI hatI. loke sukhI sAdA ane karakasarIA hatA. yajJamAM bhagavAnane prasAda tarIke dArU levA sivAya teo kadi dArU pItA nahi. vyavasthA eTalI badhI sarasa jaLavAI rahI hatI ke e lokone adAlatamAM bhAgyeja javuM paDatuM hatuM. loko levaDa devaDamAM sahI sikkA karatA hatA ke sAkSIo rAkhatA nahotA. meDhAnA vacana eka bIjAnI pramANikatA mATe basa hatAM. joke sAcA ane saguNane cAhanArA hatA. jamInane moTe bhAga naherothI chavAelo hite. eka varSamAM be pAka laI zakAtA. atyAra sudhImAM koI paNa veLA duSkALa paDe hoya evuM lokonA jANavAmAM nahotuM. bhUkhamarAthI maratA loko koI paNa sthaLe jovAmAM AvatA nahatA. te samayanA uttarahiMdane be hajAra nagaramAM sauthI jUnuM zahera rAvaLapIMDIthI uttarapazcime vIsa mAIla dUra takSazilA nAme hatuM. e zahera khUba vizALa ane AbAda hatuM. emAM lazkarenI chAvaNIo hatI tathA khUba meTI evI vidyApIThe hatI. pazcima eziyAnA mukhya rastA para ene bAMdhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. te samaye takSazilAmAM dUra dUranA pradezomAMthI vidyArthIonA samUho abhyAsa karavAne mATe AvatA hatA ne e vidyApIThamAM moTA moTA dhuraMdhara paMDita kalA ane vijJAna zIkhavatA.

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180 takSazilAnI vIya vidyApITha pUnA pradezomAM sauthI mATI hatI. 66 candraguptanA pATalIputranuM megesthInIse varNana karyuM che ke nava mAIla lAMbu hatuM ane be mAIla paheALuM hatuM. rAjAnA bhag evA meTa! mahAlayeA hatA tathA e mahAlayanA staMbhe! senAthI maDhI levAmAM AvyA hatA. e vizALa staMbhezva para pakSIenA jIvananA tathA vanaspatinI judI judI jAteAnA dRzya cItaravAmAM AvyAM hatAM. mahelanI aMdarane bhAga aneka vastuethI zaNagArA ele tathA sAnA rUpAthI ane hIrAthI jaDele! hatA. cha phrITa vyAsavALA meTAM meTAM senAnAM vAsaNo vaparAtAM hatA. IzunA janma pahelAM traNasa| cArasA varasa upara hinda deza aneka jAtanAM vilAsanAM sAdhanethI UbharAtA hatA, seAnAnA DhagalAthI bhareleA hateA tathA kalAnI kArIgarIthI ApatA hatA, hindanI jAheAjalAlI jevI candraguptanA samayamAM hatI tethI jarApaNu vadhAre megalAnA samayamAM thaI zakI nathI. te AvA bhavya rAjamahAlayamAM rAjA candragupta atyAranA saramukhatyarA jeTalI sAvadhAnatAthI rahe che teTalI sAvadhAnatAthI rahete hatA. keAIvAra hIrAthI maDhelA hAthI para senAnI aMbaDImAM beThele jAheramAM dekhAtA, kAI kAvAra e zikAra karavA jatA athavA upabhAgamAM rAkAMtA paNa ene ghaNA samaya e rAjavyavahAramAM vyatIta karatA. ene dareka divasa sALabhAgamAM vaheMcAI gayA hatA. dareka bhAga nevuM miniTane hateA. pahelA bhAgamAM e UThatA hatA ane dhyAna dharIne taiyAra thatA hatA. bIjA bhAgamAM e enA dUtAnA samAcAra sAMbhaLatA hatA ane khAnagI sUcanAo ApatA hatA. trIjA bhAgamAM e enA khAnagI khaDamAM masalata calAvatA besatA. ceAthA bhAgamAM e nANAM tathA lazkarI khAtAnI tapAsa karatA hatA. pAMcamA bhAgamAM e jAte arajadAranI arajIe sAMbhaLatA hatA.

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181 chaThThA vibhAgamAM e nahAta tathA jamatA hatA, ane dhArmika sAhitya vAMcato hato. sAtamAM bhAgamAM e khaMDaNIo ane karanI tapAsa karato, amaladArone mulAkAta Apato hato. AThamA bhAgamAM e enI rAjasamitine maLato hato, tathA chUpI polisanA samAcAra sAMbhaLato hato. navamA bhAgamAM e ArAma karato hato tathA prArthanA karate hate. dazamA ane agiyAramA bhAgamAM e lazkarI bAbato para dhyAna Apato hato tathA bAramA bhAgamAM potAnA khAsa jAsuseno ahevAla sAMbhaLato hato. teramA bhAgamAM e snAna karato hato ane bhajana karato hato tathA bIjA traNa bhAga sudhI UMghato hato. rAjA pote rAjakAraNamAM AjanA saramukhatyAranI jema ATalI jhINavaTathI yaMtranI jema pharato chatAM rAjakAraNamAM vicakSaNa evo kauTilya rAjanI AkhI lagAma hAthamAM rAkhatA hatA. kauTilya athavA cANakya ema mAnatA hatA ke rAjanI sevAmAM tathA rAjyanA hite AgaLa dhapAvavAmAM koI paNa sAdhana kharAba ke khoTuM nathI. eNe dharma nIti ne ekeeka vyavahArane rAjakAraNanI hIlacAlo AgaLa dhapAvavAmAM vAparyA hatAM. koI paNa jAtane naitika viveka vinA e kAvatrAo geThavato hato, sajAo ane sAhaso jato hato. chUpA kAvAdAvA tathA khUna karAvatuM hatuM. rAjakIya vyavahAramAM vijaya mATe enI e daMDa nItI hatI. kauTilyanI kuzaLatAe caMdraguptanA hAtha nIce hiMdanuM AkhuM rAjataMtra ApyuM mUkyuM. te samayanI sarakAra AjanA yurepI rAjyanI jema prajAtaMtravAdano daMbha nahotI karatI. khUba cekakhI ane spaSTa rIte lazkarI sattA para tathA kUzaLa rAjya vyavasthA para e sarakAra nabhI rahI hatI. candragupta pAse cha lAkha pAyadaLa, trIsa hajAra gheDe svAro, nava hajAra hAthIo tathA aneka rathanuM lazkara hatuM, kheDUto ane brAhmaNe sivAya saune pharajIAta lazkarI tAlIma levI paDatI. tathA yuddhanA samayamAM kAma ApavuM paDatuM, jAte khetI karato hoya tevA kheDUtone

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182 tathA brAhmaNeAne lazkarI sevAmAMthI mukta rAkhavAmAM AvatA hatA. tethI brAhmaNA dharma ane zikSaNanA vyavasAyA ane kheDUtA khArAkanuM utpAdana zAMtithI karatA hatA. rAjAnI sattA saramukhatyAranI sattAnI jema aniyatrita chatAM rAjasamitithI niyatrita thayelI hatI. e samitimAMthI kAyadA ane vyavasthAnA tathA nANA khAtAnA pradhAne nimAtA hatA. evI e sarakAranuM niyaMtrita tatra cAkkasa nakkI karelA kSetravALA judA judA khAtAmAM vaheMcAI gayeluM hatuM. dareka khAtAmAM saMpUrNa zasta pAlanathI kAma karatA meTA meTA amaladArA hatA. mahesUla khAtuM, kasTama khAtuM, sarahada khAtuM, pAsapeTa khAtuM, paradeza khAtuM, jakAtakhAtuM tathA khANA ane khetIvADInuM khAtuM, vepAra khAtuM, kAThAra khAtuM, naukA khAtuM, jaMgala khAtuM,vaizyAenI dekharekha rAkhanArU khAtuM, pelisa khAtuM tathA AbakArI khAtuM evA te samayanA sarakArI khAtAMe hatAM. dareka khAtAmAM amaladAre potapeAtAnA vibhAganI vyavasthA saMpUrNa rItesAcavatAM hatAM. e sarakArI khAtAnA kAyadA ane vyavasthAnA amala gAmaDAMemAM paMcAyatanI paddhattithI thatA hatAM. dareka gAmamAMthI leniyukta pAMca mANasanI simita gAmanA badhA kAmane meAjo upADatI tathA dAvAe para dekharekha rAkhatI ane amala karatI. zaherAmAM, jIllAomAM ane ilAkAemAM adAlate| hatI, tathA pATanagaramAM sauthI mATI adAlata rAjasabhA hatI. rAjasabhA pachI paNa chevaTanI apIla rAjA pAse jaI zakatI, gunhAo balanI zikSAe sakhta ane bhayaMkara hatI. paNa sarakAra kevaLa zikSAe karavA mATe na hatI. rAjasabhA bhUkhamarAne nAbUda karavA mATe, jAhera AreAgya vadhAravA mATe, tathA ekArI TALavA mATe hamezAM prayatnazIla rahetI hatI. A uparAMta rAja taraphathI jAhera AreAgya mATe Thera Thera davAkhAnAMo tathA ArAmagRhe bAMdhavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. sakaTa samaye leAkeA mATe

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183 vAparavA mATe rAjanA bhaMDAra bharI rAkhavAmAM AvatA hatA. zrImaMto pAse Avaka verA levAmAM AvatA hatA. tathA jAhera sukhAkArI mATe moTAM musApharakhAnAM ane bAga bagIcAo bAMdhavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. ' e sarakArathI uttejAyelo ane rakSAyelo vepAra dhamadhokAra cAlate hato, nadIo ane samudro para saphara karanArAM moTAM jahAje bAMdhavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. tathA musApharanA jAnamAlanA rakSaNanI jogavAI karavAmAM AvatI hatI. vepArIne sarakArI jahAjo bhADe maLatAM hatAM. eja pramANe jamIna upara AkhA dezamAM moTA rastAo bAMdhavAmAM AvyA hatA. e rastAo batrIsathI cosaTha phUTa paheLA hatA tathA eka gAmathI bIje gAma phaMTAtA hatA. sauthI meTe zAhI rasto bArase mAIla jeTalo lAMbe hatA, tathA pATalIputrathI uttara pazcimanI sarahada sudhI laMbAyelo hato. evA rastAenA bAMdhakAmamAM meTA moTA pulo ane nALAM bAMdhavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. dareka rastA para e rastA para AvatAM judAM judAM sthaLane nirdeza karanArAM ane aMtara mApanArA staMbha hatA. rastA upara the thaDe aMtare ghaTAdAra jhADe, kuvAo, hoTela tathA palisa cekIenI jogavAI rAkhavAmAM AvI hatI, te samayano vyavahAra rathethI tathA gADAMothI thato hato, ane e uparAMta gheDA, UMTa, hAthIo ane gadheDAMono paNa upayoga thato hato. pATalIputranI vyavasthAnuM sarakArI taMtra cha chanI samitimAM vaheMcAyeluM hatuM ane trIza amaladAronA hAthamAM hatuM. emAMnI eka samiti pATanagaranA vepAra udyoga para dhyAna ApatI hatI. bIjI pATanagaramAM AvatA paradezIo ane ajANyAone utAra ApatI. hatI. tathA jamavAnI, vAhananI ne nokaranI jogavAI karatI hatI. tathA temanI hIlacAle para khAnagI tapAsa rAkhatI hatI. eka samiti janma ane maraNano hisAba rAkhatI hatI. tathA bIjI

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184 eka IjArAo ApavAnuM, utpAdananA bhAvA nakkI karavAnuM, tathA vajana ne mApeAne tapAsavAnu nakkI karatI hatI. eka samiti badhA vecANa para dasa TakAnA kara letI hatI. IzunA janma pahelAM cArasA varSoM upara duniyAnA kAI paNa nagaramAM pATalIputra sauthI vadhAre vyavasthita, AbAda, niyaMtrita tathA saMskRti pAmeluM hatuM. yuropanA itihAsakArA te vidvAne te samayanA pATalIputrane Aje paNa ajAyabI ane aheAbhAvathI jue che. caMdragupta pachI bIjo rAjA bindusAra thayeA. bindusAra pachI tenA dIkarA mokavana I. pU. 273 mAM gAdI para AvyuM. atyAranuM Akhu hinda uparAMta balucistAna ane adhAnistAna jevA vizALa rAjyAne e rAjA banyA hatA. eNe candraguptanI jema sakhata hAthe paNa vyavasthita rIte rAjya karavA mAMDayu. eNe aparAdhIene daDavA mATe eka mATuM jabarajasta kArAgAra AMdhAvyuM hatuM je itihAsamAM azAkanA nakaoNMgAra tarIke prakhyAta thayuM che. e kArAgAramAM aneka jAtanI pIDAe ApavAmAM AvatI hatI. ane emAM mANasa ekavAra pesatAM bahAra te! AvI zakatA nahi. eka divase eka buddha bhikSune e kArAgAramAM pUravAmAM AvyA hatA tathA tene UkaLatA pANImAM nAkhavAmAM AvyA hatA. e pANImAM nAkhavAmAM AvyA hatA. e pANImAM ajaba dhIrajathI paDI rahelA e buddha sAdhune camatkArI gaNI tene mArI nAkhavAne badale azeka pAse mekalavAmAM ANye. tyAra pachI azAkanuM parivartana thayuM heAvAnuM manAya che. eNe te kArAgArane nAbUda karavAne hukama karyo tathA zikSAnA kAyadA sudhArI dIdhA. paNa eja samaye kalI'ga dezane kabaje karavA eNe mekalelA lazkaranA samAcAra AvyA ke hAre! kalIMga leAkeAne pakaDavAmAM AvyA che ane hajArAnI katala karavAmAM AvI che. A samAcArathI azekane pahelI vAra pazcAtA pathayA. eNe badhA kedIene cheDI mUkaLyA. karlIMga

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185 lokAne temane peAtAnA mulaka pALe! soMpyuM| tathA temanI katala calAvavA mATe jAhera mArI mAgI. ema badalAyelA azeke buddha dharmanA svIkAra karyAM. zikAra ane mAMsane tyAga karyAM. ane peAte sAdhunAM vastra paheravA lAgyA. enA rAjyanA agiyAramA varSe eNe sarakArAnA itihAsamAM ajoDa evAM smArake! kAtarAvA mAMDayAM. evA zilAlekhe eNe hindustAnamAM Thera Thera mUkI dIdhAM. emAMnAM dasa Aje jaDI AvyAM che. e zilAlekhAmAM pote budharmI hovAnu jaNAve che ane tyAra pachI e lekhA dhArmika che evuM kAI cinha dekhAtuM nathI. e lekhAmAM punarjanmanA ullekha che paNa kAI jAtanA bhagavAnanI mAnyatAnuM Alekhana dekhAtuM nathI. svataMtra vicArane pASaka tathA leAkavyavahArane upadezavA lakhAyelA e zilAlekhAmAM dareka dharmo taraph sahanazIlatA ane sahAnubhUtine upadeza dIdhele! jaNAya che. emAM lakhyuM che ke " kAI e khIjAnA dharmanI nindA karavI nahi. buddha sAdhuone ane brAhmaNeAne bhikSA ApavI." rAjA peAMtAnI prajAnuM peAtAnA bALakA jema pAlana karatA tathA judI judI mAnyatA ke judA judA dharma tarapha pakSapAta batAvatA niha. e zilAlekha jAhera kare che ke yuddhanI temate huve gagaDaze nahi. hiM'sAne hAtha have ucakAze nahi. pAchalA itihAsamAM na hatuM evuM mANusAInA kAyadAnuM rAjya have Avaze. azekavarSane leAkeAnI dhArmika vRtti ane vadhAdArI vadhArI sUkavyAM. e peAte bauddha dizanA mukhI anya hatA. madirane bheTA ApI ceArAzI hajAra dharmonA maDhe baMdhAvyA hatA. gAmegAma ane zaherezahera manuSyA ane DhArA mATe davAkhAnAM calAvyAM hatAM. eNe budharmanA pracArakAne hindanA ekeeka khUNAmAM mekalI ApyA. e pracAraka! e samayanI sudharelI duniyAnA dezA jevA ke sileAna, sIriyA, ijIpta ane grIsamAM jaIne buddha dharmane! upadeza ApavA lAgyA. te pracArako tibeTamAM, cInamAM, mAMgeAliyAmAM ane jApAnamAM

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paNa pahoMcyA hatA. e rIte te samayanA eke eka sudharelA dezamAM prajAo no ja avAja sAMbhaLatI hatI. e avAja manuSya manuSya vacce ane eka eka prANI tarapha premabhAvanAno hato. te samayanI. duniyAmAM jyAre taravAranI dhAra para lohInI cheLe UchaLatI hatI, jyAre duHkha ne khUnAmarakI dararojana vyavahAra banatI hatI, jyAre vijetAnA huMkArA para gulAmenI gardane kapAtI hatI tyAre premano zabda navo hato. e navInatAe lokamAnasamAM eka navI AzA ane na bhAva pragaTAvyuM hatuM. jANe buddha dharmanA pracArake IzunA AgamananI taiyArI karatA hatA. ane jANe buddha dharmanA pracArake jUnA Adezane apanAvavAnAM bIja ropatA hatA. Izune premano siddhAnta budhe jagADelA jIvanapremanI bhAvanAmAMthI janmavAne hate. paNa duniyAmAM premanI bhAvanA zAsananA svarUpa ke lekavyavahArane nirmANa nathI karI zakI. manuSyanA manuSya taraphanA vyavahAranA mULa kAraNe sAmAjika taMtranA sattAnA svarUpe nirmANa kare che. sattAnuM svarUpa samAjanI utpAdaka zakti ane utpAdananA mAlike nakkI kare che. te samayanI duniyAmAM utpAdaka zakti gulAma hatI. utpAdananA mAlike taravAravALA hatA. buddhanI premabhAvanAne zAsanamAM utArI devAne azokano. manoratha hato. paNa ene khabara na hatI ke brAhmaNe ene dhikAratA hatA. kAraNa ke brAhmaNo potAne mATe ane potAnA devo mATe pazunA. balidAno ApatA hatA te prathA eNe baMdha karAvI hatI. tethI lehI tarasya e brAhmaNavarga azokanA patananI rAha jotA hatA. hajAro zikArIo ane mAchImAre A jIvadayAnA himAyatI, tarapha caDabhaDatA hatA. pazuonuM mAMsa na khavAya ema kahetA azoka tarapha kheDUte paNa roSe bharAyA hatA. azokanuM adhuM sAmrAjya enA maraNanI rAha jotuM.

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187 azeka vRddha thayA hatA. enI vRdvavasthAmAM enA pautre lazkarI amaladArAnA sAthamAM ene gAdI parathI uDADI mUkyuM!. e gharaDA rAjAnI badhI sattAnA dhIme dhIme aMta AvyuM.. enA madire! ane mahe| para japtI kheDI. enA peAtAnA nirvAhaneA kharco paNa khUba TUMkAvI nAkhavAmAM AvyuM. vRddha rAjA A badhA piravatane tarapha dilagIrI ane udAsInatAthI jotA maraNa pAmatA hatA. enA maraNu pachI enA vizALa rAjyamAM bhagANa paDayuM. candraguptanA maurya vaMzanI rAjasattAne! aMta AvyA. duniyAe dekhyu ke rAjyA bhAvanAnA taraMga para nathI cAlatAM paNa te samayanI Arthika ghaTanA je vyavasthita hiMsA para racAyelI hatI te hiMsAne TakAvI rAkhavA lazkarI hiMsAnI jarUra hatI. azeke lazkarI hi Msaka ribaLane narama karI dIdhuM ane tene badale prema bhAvanAne upadeza ApyA. paNa bahArathI ema badalAyelI premabhAvanA sAmAjika ghaTanA badalAyA vinA samAja jIvanamAM UtarI zake nahi. manuSya tarIke mahAna chatAM azeAka rAjakIya tathA Arthika paribaLe!ne palaTI zakayo nahi, ane te samayanA rAjakAraNamAM niSphaLa nivaDaye. tyAra pachI hindanA itihAsamAM gupta rAjAe gAdI para AvyA. chase| varSa sudhI e vaMzanA rAjAoe hindu para rAjya karyuM. gupta rAjAonA samayamAM takSazilA jevI seTI vidyApITho cAlatI hatI. zilpazAstra ane khageALa vidyAne vikAsa teA hate. gupta: vaMzanI zarUAtamAM Izu pahelAnAM pahelA saikAmAM sISyina leAkeA, grIka leAkeA tathA sithiyana leAkeAnA humalA pAba para thatA hatA ane paMjAba parAdhIna banyuM hatuM. kuzAna leAkeAe madhya eziyAmAMthI AvIne kAbUla kabje karyuM hatuM. ane tyAMthI hindamAM sattA jamAvatA hatA. gupta rAjAnA samayamAM eka TanaSka rAjAnA samayamAM kalA ane vijJAnane sArA vikAsa thayA haze. zilpazAstra paNa pezAvaramAM takSazilAmAM ane mathurAmAM ajoDa namUnAo ghaDatuM

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188 hatuM. caraka nAmane eka zarIrivajJAna zAstrI vaidakazAstranI zeAdha karatA hatA. nAgArjuna ane adheASa nAmanA eka vidvAne mudda dharmanI mahAyAna zAkhAmAM buddhanI vicArasaraNIne avaLe bhAge laI jaine temAMthI AkhuM AkAza bharAI jAya eTalA edhIsattvA arhatA ane devadevIe nirmAvatA hatA. rAjA kaniSTha paNa e zAkhAmAM khudane A mahAna zAkhAne svIkAra karyo hate. eka bhagavAna tarIke lekhavAmAM Avye. tyAra pachI gupta nAmanA rAjAe pacAsa varSo sudhI rAja karyuM. samudraguptanA samaya iti samAM utkRSTa ane AbAdInA zikhara para huMcyA. samudgupte pata nuM pATanagara pATalIputrane banne ayeAdhyA banAvyuM. eluM bhagaLa, AsAma, ane nepALane peAtAnA kAbu heThaLa ANyA. khAMkhA dakSiNa hindamAM peAtAnI ANa vartAvI. AkhA hindune tanA zAsananA cakra nIce mUkI eNe DahApaNa ane sakhtAithI de ane vyavasthA sAcavavA mAMDayA. eNe rAjanI de:latana! dhanabaDArA sAhitya, dharmavijJAna, ane kalAnA vikAsa mATe kharcavA mAMDayA. e peAte eka sarasa kavi hatA ane suMdara gAyaka hate. enA pachI ene! dIkarA vikramAditya gAdIe AvyeA. e meTA vijetA hateA ane khUba buddhimAna hatA. eNe kALIdAsa jevA kavie, vidvAne, cintakA te kalAkArone peAtAnI AsapAsa ekaThA karyAM ane peAtAnA pATanagarane yAddAthI badalI ujjainanAM khaseDayuM. enA rAjakArabhAramAM AkhA hindu eka ane abhinna anI rahyo. enA samayanA hindanuM varNana eka kAhIna na!mane! cInI musApharI kare che. e aheAbhAvathI khele che ke te samayanA hindanI dAlata ane AbAdI asAdhAraNa hatAM. hindIe sadguNI ane sukhI hatA. AkhA dezamAM sAmAjika ane dhArmika svata tratA phelAyelI hatI. AkhA dezane khUNekhUNe patharAyelA dAvAkhAnA ane ArAmagAha joI ne e Azcaryacakita thaI gayA hatA.

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189 meTI moTI vidyApIThamAM ane dharmanA maThemAM vidyAbhyAsa karatA juvAnonI saMkhyA ghaNI meTI hatI. dehAnta daMDanI zikSAo hatI ja nahi. rAja sAme kAvavuM karanArane paNa mArI nAkhavAmAM Avato nahi. bajhAramAM khATakIonI dukAna baMdha karavAmAM AvI hatI tathA dArU jevA kephI pINuM sadaMtara baMdha hatAM. A badhI suvyavasthAmAM eka mahAna kalaMka nAbuda thayuM nahotuM. e kalaMka zuddha kemAMthI tathA jUnA vakhatanA yuddhanA kedImAMthI haDadhUta thayelA. gulAma jevA lokone sAmAjika anyAya ApavAnuM hatuM. candraguptanA samayathI evA lokone cAMDALa kahevAmAM AvatA hatA. cAMDALa, loka taraphane kAyadAno ane prajAno vartAva anyAyI ane amAnuSI hato. gupta rAjAo nIce apAyelI dharmanI Tane lIdhe brAhmaNe vadhAre ne vadhAre svataMtra ane sabaLa banatA jatA hatA. e loke. saMskRta bhASAno vikAsa karatA hatA. te samaye lokamAnasane gamI jAya evA be mahAna grantha rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhArata racAtA hatA ane eja samaye buddhonI kalAbhAvanA paNa vikasatI jatI hatI. ajaMTAnI guphAonAM kalAsarjana zarU thatAM hatAM. te samayanA saMskArane vikasAvatA nAmamAM kAlidAsa, varAhamihIra, guNavarmana, vasubaMdhu ane AryabhaTTa ne brahmagurU sauthI AgaLa tarI Ave che

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prakaraNa 10 Izu pachInA aMdhera yuganAM maDANa have eziyA ane yureApa banne para prakAzane chAI nAkhanArA dhanadhAra aMdhArAM UtaratAM hatAM. yurepane eziyA jevuM kAMI gumAvavAnuM nahatuM ane eziyAnI saMskRtine vinAza nirmAI cUkayo hate. saMskRtine nAza karanArAM ane lazkarI zAMti tathA kAyadAnI vyavasthAne UkheDI nAkhI adhera vartAvanArAM paribae rezama te hinda para paNa tUTI paDayAM. jyAre eTIlA yureApa para ghUmatA hatA tyAre TArAmAnA mALavA para leAhI varasAvatA hatA. bhayAnaka mihIragula gupta rAjAone gAdI parathI uThADI mUkatA hatA. temanA rAjadaDa paDAvI letA hatA. e jhUNu leAkAnI hinda paranI caDAI enI zarUAta hatI. mihIrAgula jevA dRNu AgevAnAnI saradArI nIce hindanI ekaeka kalA virUpa banatI hatI. leAkavyavahAra aTakI jatA hatA. tala ane khUnAmarakI dararAjanA jIvananAM AdhAta anatA hatA. hinda para UtarI paDelA e kUNu jhaMjhAvAtathI deza chinna vinni thaI jatA hatA. bhayaMkara adheramAMthI ane setAniyata mAMthI gulAmI UtaratI hatI. te vakhate gupta vazanA eka rAjA havata hindane gulAma banAvatA ane hindanI bhUmipara saMhAra

Page #201
191 khelatA e krUSNu saMkaTa sAme hAtha UMcakayo. eNe e paradezI vijetAo pAsethI uttara hindanA mulaka jItI lIdhe! tathA kaneAjamAM rAjadhAnI sthApI ane khetAlIza varSa sudhI kAyado ane vyavasthA sthApyAM. jyAre musalamAnee i. sa. 1018mAM kaneAja tArAja karyuM tyAre temane dasahajAra devaLAne nAza karavA paDayo hato. te samaye temaNe meTAmeTA ArAmagAhe ane udyAne nejamAM joyAM hatAM. te samayanA muslIma Agamana samaye kaneAja khUba AbAda hatuM ane tenuM kAraNa hindanA mazahUra rAjAemAM chellA TagamagatA tArA jevA harSavardhana hateA. e rAjA eka meTA sAhityakAra paNa hatA. eNe kavitA ane nAkA paNa lakhyAM che je Aja sudhI vaMcAya che. rAjA tarIke paNa e khUba kuzaLa ane zaktimAna hatA. enA jIvananA chellA kALamAM eNe buddha dha svIkAryAM hatA. enA samaya vize yuvAnaAMga nAmane! cInI musAphara lakhe che ke dareka pAMca varSe havananA rAjyamAM satyAgane eka meTA utsava ujavavAmAM AvatA hatA jemAM dareka dharmanA sAdhu saMtA tathA AkhA rAjamAMnA garIba lekA ekaThAM thatAM hatAM. A sa MmelanamAM e rAjA pAMca varSamAM ekaThA thayelA rAjanA badhA bhaMDArA tathA dhanadAlata vahecI detA hatA. dara pAMca varSe rAjAnA bhaMDAramAMthI chellI pAI ne! paNa tyAga karI detA A rAjAne joI yuvAnamAMganA Azrayane pAra rahyo nahatA. e samelanamAM seAnArUpAnA DhagalA, calaNI sikkAonA khajAnA, hIrA ane suMdaramAM suMdara vastro eka meTA medAnamAM khaDakAvavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. e medAnamAM meTA meTA mace! ane maDape! UbhA karavAmAM AvatA hatA. traNa divasa sudhI dhArmika pravacanA thatAM ane upadeza devAmAM AvatA hatA. ceAthe divase prA pAsenA karamAMthI ekaThI thayelI e dAlata prajAhita mATe vaheMcI ApavAmAM AvatI hatI. ekeeka khudda sAdhune ane

Page #202
192 brAhmaNane ane jainene tathA ekeeka garIbane, bekArane, anAthane, badhI deAlata vaheMcI ApavAmAM AvatI hatI. e vaheMcaNI kAI kAIvAra tA ekI sAthe cAra mAsa cAlatI hatI. chevaTamAM rAjA peAte peAtAnA gharanA kImatI sAmAna bahAra kADhI ApI deteA hateA.. peAtAnA zarIra paranA kiMmatI vastro ne alakAra utArI Apate hatA. peAte eka sAduM vastra paridhAna karatA hatA; ane rAjAnA dehaparanI e chellI dAvatapaNu prajAne arpaNa karavAmAM AvatI hatI. duniyAnA itihAse kadI na oele A dAkhaleo jagatabharanA itihAsamAM ajoDa che, paNa havananA rAjyamAM bujhAtA dIpakanA chevaTanA jhabakArA jevI A jAhe!jalAlI tathA AbAdI tathA a apUrva tyAganI rAjanIti badhI asta pAmavAnI hatI. kAraNa ke e tyAga ane prajAbhakti eka hRdayapalTAnu cinha hatu.. e hRdayapalTA rAjAnA hatA. paNa eve hRdayapalTe vArasAmAM UtaratA nathI.. Akhu sAmAjika ane Arthika taMtra na badalAya tyAM sudhI ghaDI meghaDI jhabUkatA hRdayapalTAe! kAMija kAma AvatA nathI. havananA maraNa pachI rAjagAdI mATe ramakhANA phelAyAM. adhAdhUMdhI ane a Mdhera phelAyAM. dezanI ektAmAM bhaMgANA paDayAM. vibhAjita thayelAM hinda para paradezIonAM TALeTALAM UtarI AvatAM hatAM, jamInane kaNekaNa jakaDAI jatA hatA. samagra hinda deza jIvananI a Mdara bahAranI eka bhayaMkara yAtanA anubhavI rahyo hatA. aMdhArI dhAra rAtamAM kharatA tArAonA prakAza jema eka paLavAramAM marI jAya che tema hindu para bhaDAyelA aMdhAra yugamAM rajapUtAnA pradeze ujAsa mAryo. enuM kSAtravaTa jhabUkI gayuM. enI nasenA ekeeka dhabakArA bujhAI jatA jIvananI agAu tanamanATathI tAMDava khelI rahyA hatA. duniyAnA itihAsamAM rajapUtAnAnI bhUmi vIrabhUmi anI gaI. mevADa, mAravADa, aMbara ne bikAneranA pradeza!e zauya, zUrAtana ane TekanAM jvalaMta dRSTAMtA dezanI pAse mUkI dIdhAM.

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193 Aje paNa mevADa, mAravADa, aMbara ane bikAneranI vIrabhUminI dharatIne ekeeka kaNa te samayanA jvalaMta jIvanane sAda jagave che ane Aje paNa e pradezanA khUNekhUNAmAMthI gaI kAlanI vIratA ane kSAtravaTanA ajoDa tyAganA paDaghA pADe che. e pradeza para samarAMgaNamAM zarIra evA rAjAonA kAbu nIce eka jAtanI rajavADAzAhI UbhI thaI hatI. e rajavADAzAhInI zarUAta maurya ane gupta vaMzane cakravarti rAjAonI saradArI nIce thaI hatI. ane e rajavADAzAhIno aMta aMdara aMdaranA kalahomAM, aMdara aMdaranA bhaMgANamAM tathA hinda para tUTI paDatAM muslImenA ramakhANomAM AvI gayo. e rajavADAzAhInA itihAsano ekeeka prasaMga ema pUravAra kare che ke te samayane ekeeka kSatriya vIra yoddho hatA ane te samayanI ekeeka strI vIrAMganA hatI. e rajavADAzAhIne pradeza rAjasthAnanA nAmathI oLakhAya che. kSAtravaTamAM vIratA tyAga ane zeryamAM ajoDa evI e rAjapUta prajAmAM vIratA sAthe sAthe aneka jAtanI dharma ane TekanI aMdhatAe pesI jatI hatI. zaurya sAthe vaphAdArI ane satItvanA gulAmI. vALA khyAlo ghara karatA hatA. potAnuM svAtaMtrya sAcavavA mATenA bahAranA dhasArAo sAmenA ramakhANo sAthe ja aneka jAtanA gRhakalaho ane bhaMgANa zarU thayA hatA. e rIte e kSatrIya vIranAro nabaLA paDatA hatA. ane dhIre dhIre vIrAMganAo gulAma banatI hatI. pazcimamAM jevo zIvalarIno jamAno hato te hindano e jamAno hato. e jamAnAmAM je jAtanA dUSaNo hoya che tevAM badhAM hindamAM UtarI cUkyAM hatA. strInuM sthAna puruSanI sAthIdAra hovAne badale, e bannenuM zurAtana eka bIjAne piSaka hovAne badale, gatana suMdaramAM suMdara strIne jItavA mATe vaparAtuM hatuM ane vIrAMganAnuM hIra tenA svAmInI pAchaLa saLagI javAmAM hatuM. rAjasthAnanI keTalIka rAjapUta strIo te khUba bhaNelI ne saMskArI hatI

Page #204
194 tathA keTalAka rAjAe kavie ane cintakeA hatA tathA citrakArI hatA. rAjasthAnanI zarUAtamAM cArase varSa sudhI e rAjAekanA zauya sAthe dhanadolata, AbAdI ane jAhera sukhAkArI vadhatAMja gayAM hatAM. te vakhatamAM eka samaye mevADanA rAjA pAse aDhaLaka dravya hatuM. evA kSatriya yugane kSAtradharma yuddha hatA. e kSatriyeAne sadha e mATA lazkarI samudAya hatA. ane tethI ja e leke itihAsamAM ajoDa khanelI vIratAthI musalamAno sAme TakI zakayA. paNa AMtihAsanA paribaLe! sAthe AgaLa vadhavAnI gati kuMThita thaI gaelI hAvAthI tathA e badhA zAsaka vargonA aMdara aMdaranA kalahene lIdhe eka sAthe UbhA na rahI zakavAthI itihAsamAM ajoDa evI vIratApUrNAMka e lAka presirayAM karI raNamAM ragadeoLAI gayAM ane temanI pAchaLa temanI vIrAMganAe hajArAnI saMkhyAmAM citAe saLagAvI jIvatI saLagI gaI. e badho itihAsa jeTalA vIratAthI bharelA che. teTaleAja karuNa ane dIlane hacamacAvI nAkhanArA che. musalamAne hindamAM pesatA gayA te sAthe hindanI sa`skRti peAtAnuM rakSaNa karavA mATe, islAmanA AkramaNathI bacavA mATe dakSiNa tarapha doDatI gaI. gheADA vakhata sudhI dakSiNamAM cAlukya vaMzanA rAjAonA pratApa rahyo ane e pratApa rAjA pulakezIna bIjAnA samayamAM khUba jhaLahaLI UThayo. e rAjAnA samayamAM harSoMne harAvavAmAM AvyA hatA ane e rAjAnI kIrti sAMbhaLIne parziyAnA rAjA khuzarUe pulakezInanA darabAramAM najarANAM meAkalyAM hatAM. e pUlakezInanA samayamAM ajaMTAnI kArIgarI saMpUrNa banI hatI. tyAra pachI patana zarU thayuM. pallava rAjavIonA hAthamAM sattA AvI ane pachI te paNa ceAla leAkeAnA hAthamAM gaI. chevaTe te taraphanA nAnAM nAnAM badhAM rAjye

Page #205
195 vijayanagaranA tAbAmAM AvI gayAM. vijayanagara e rAjyanuM ane pATanagaranuM paNa nAma che. te samayamAM e roja sarvoparI hatuM ane tenI hakumata nIce Akhe madrAsa ilAke ane maisUra hatA. vijayanagarane rAjA kRSNarAja lAkhanuM lazkara rAkhI zakato hato. e rAjAnA rAjyamAM gAmaDAMmAM paMcAyatanI prathAthI rAja cAlatuM hatuM. jyAre briTana para henarI AThamo rAjya karato hato tyAre vijayanagaramAM kRSNarAja hatA. e nyAyathI jIvatuM hatuM. rAjyanI AbAdI mATe rAjyanA badhA bhaMDArene vAparI nAkhatA hatA. badhA dharma tarapha sahAnubhUtithI jete hato. tathA sAhitya ane kalAnA vikAsa mATe banatuM badhuM karato hato. jyAre e yuddhamAM jatA hatA tyAre chatAyelI prajAnI katala calAvatuM na hatuM ke hArelA nagarane tArAja karato na hato. eNe terase chatrIsamAM vasAveluM pATanagara hiMdustAne dIThelAM nagaramAMnuM eka hatuM. e nagaranI mulAkAta 1420 mAM nikalekenTIe lIdhI tyAre teno gherAvo sATha mAIla jeTalo hato. sATha mAIlanA vistAravALA e nagaramAM suMdara udyAne ane moTAM moTAM ArAmagRhe hatAM tathA AkhA nagarane pANuM pUruM pADavA mATe te samayanA enajInIyaree tuMgabhadrA nadImAMthI pattharanA khaDakomAM ghaNuM mAIla lAMbI evI nahera khodI kADhI hatI. 1443 mAM e nagarane joI abdularajheke ahobhAvamAM udgAra kADhayA hatA ke AMkhae na joyeluM ane kAnAe na sAMbhaLeluM evuM A AkhI pRthvI uparanuM sarvottama nagara che. e nagaramAM pAMca lAkhanI vastI hatI tathA eka lAkha uparAMta ghare hatAM. jyAre dilhIno sultAna phirojazAha vijayanagaranA rAjAnI dIkarI sAthe paraNyo tyAre e nagarane che mAIla sudhIno rAjamArga sonerI makhamalathI DhAMkI devAmAM Avyo hato. paNa hinda para vinAzanAM paribaLe UtaratAM jatAM hatAM. IslAmI AkramaNe vadhatAM jatAM hatAM, te samayanI A jAhojalAlI

Page #206
196 che. paNa jAherajalAlI ke zrImaMtazAhIne dhanasaMcaya e ekalI ja vastu nathI hotI. samAjajIvanamAM paNa vilAsanA sAdhano ane mAlike AbAda thavAnI kriyA sAthe sAthe samAjanA moTA bhAgamAM gulAmI bhUkhamare ane garIbAI vadhatAM jAya che. te sAthe sAmAjika jIvanamAM ajJAna ane vahema paNa vadhatAM hoya che. te samayanA jIvananI AbAdIne A badhA dekhA sAthe gulAmo ane majUro. garIbImAM jIvatAM hatAM. e lokeAnI jAtamahenatanuM zoSaNa ane veThano ghAtakI vyavahAra eka bhayaMkara vyApArInItino khyAla Ape che. te samayanI zikSAomAM hAtha paga kApI nAkhavA, gunhegArane. pakaDIne hAthInA paga nIce kacarI nAkha, ziraccheda karo, peTane sArI nAkhavuM, athavA dADhImAM khIlo ThokI gunhegArane laTakAvI devo athavA to enA karatAM vadhI jAya evAM pIDanothI gunhegArane mArI nAkhavA e vastuo sAmAnya hatI. vadhI gayelo dhanasaMcaya e jAtanA atyAcAranI sAthe vyabhicAra paNa mAgI leto hato. ane tethI rAja taraphathI vezyAone temano dhaMdho calAvavAnI chUTa hatI tathA temanI pAsethI kara levAmAM Avato hato. samAjamAM strInuM sthAna rasoDAmAM ke paDadA pAchaLa rAkhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. tathA potAnA patinA maraNa pAchaLa strIone pharajIAta bharavuM paDatuM hatuM. te samayanI AbAdIe moTA moTA kavione ane sAhityakArone paDyA hatA paNa samAjanA moTA bhAganA ajJAnano nAza karyo na hatuM. te samayanI saMskRtie zilpa ane kalAne vikasAvyAM hatAM paNa gulAma ane garIbonI jhUMpaDImAM kalAnI vaheMcaNI nahatI. karI. te samayanI dhArmikatAe moTA bhavya ane bharAvadAra ghumaTovALAM maMdire caDyAM hatAM. gAyane pavitra mAnI hatI paNa e badhI daivI sAmagrIo pAchaLa devadevIone pazuonA balidAna ApavAnI prathA nAbUda nahotI thaI buddha dharma osarato jato hato. suMdara rItabhAte nIce dharmanI ghAtakatA dhRNA upajAvatI hatI.

Page #207
197 te samayanA A jAtanA sAmAjika saMjoge je sattA ane vilAsa para UbhA hatA tenA pAyA DagamagatA hatA. dhIme dhIme muslIma vijetAone bhayAnaka dhADAMo dakSiNa tarapha AgaLa dhasatAM hatAM. vijApura, ahamadanagara, golavAmAM musalamAna rAjya sthapAI cUkyAM hatAM ane e badhAM chellA hiMdu rAjA sAme joDAtAM hatAM. emanAM lazkare rAmarAjAnA pAMca lAkhanI saMkhyAnA lazkara sAme thayAM. rAma rAjA giraphatAra thayo. ane teno ziraccheda karavAmAM AvyuM. e chellA hiMdu rAjAnI hAramAM pakaDAyelA eka lAkha kedIonI katala karavAmAM AvI. dakSiNanI dharatI para lohInI thappIo bAjhI gaI. dakSiNanA jharaNuM rAtA vahevA lAgyAM. pachI IslAmanAM vijetA lazkare vijayanagara para caDyAM. AkhuM nagara tArAja thaI gayuM. lUMTaphATa ane khUnAmarakIe hada choDI. musalamAna lazkarane ekeeka sipAI, lUMTamAM AvelA sonAne, hIrAno, taMbuono, hathiyArono, ghoDAono, ane gulAmono mAlika bane. e lUMTaphATa pAMca mAsa sudhI laMbAI vijayanagaranA vatanIo A atyAcAra pachI ghAsanI jema vaDhAI gayA. moTI moTI peDhIo ane vepArIonI dukAno khAlI paDI gaI. mahAla ane maMdire sUnA thaI gayAM ane khaMDera banyAM. kalA ane zilpanI kArIgarIo vijetAnI vijaya kUcamAM chedAI gaI chevaTe tArAja banelA vijayanagaramAM vijetAnI saLagatI mazAlo samasamI UThI. pAchA jatAM vijetAone saLagatA vijaya nagaranI vAlIo dUra dUra sudhI joI rahI. vijayanagaranA patana sAthe hiMdamAM eka hajAra varSathI zarU thaI gayelA muslIma AkramaNono vijaya saMpUrNa banato hate.

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prakaraNa 11 lokajIvana utpAdana hindamAM Aryo AvyA tyAre hindanI jamIna saMskRta nahatI. tene be bhAga jaMgalothI DhaMkAyelo hato ane jaMgala siMha, vAgha, hAthI ane sApathI UbharAtAM hatAM. hindanI jamIna upara, manuSyone kalaha jaMgalane e jUnA vatanIonI hariphAithI thaye. Aryo AvyA pachI jaMgala sAtheno e kalaha cAlu hato. Aje paNa hindanI jamIna uparathI jaMgalanA e jUnAM vArasadAro saMpUrNa bhUMsAI gayAM nathI paNa ochAM thatAM jAya che ane te chatAM hiMdanI vastImAMthI dara varSe vIsa hajAra mANaso sApa karaDavAthI marI jAya che. dhIme dhIme e prANuonA paMjAmAMthI jamInane choDavavAmAM AvI ane jaMgale kapAvA mAMDyAM. zarUAtamAM garIbone kherAka anAja tathA phaLaphUla hatAM tathA zrImata. loke pazuonuM mAMsa paNa khAtA hatAM. hiMdanI jamIna upara masAlAo khUba pAkatA hatA ane yuropiyana masAlAnI

Page #209
19 zodhamAM bhaTakatA hatA. vaidika kALamAM badhI jamIna lokamAlikInI hatI paNa candragupta mauryanA samayathI rAjA badhI jamInane mAlika banyo ane jamInanA kheDanArAo pAse kara levA mAMDyo. rAjAe jamInanI mAlikI lIdhA pachI jamInane phaLadrupa banAvavA naheronAM bAMdhakAma zarU karyA. Aje evI naheronA avazeSo jaDI Ave che. e uparAMta e rAjAo moTAM meTAM saravare paNa bAMdhatA. duniyAnA itihAsamAM sonAnI khANa khodavAnuM paheluM mAna hiMdIone ghaTe che. evI khANanI pahelI zodha ziyALathI maTI ane kUtarAthI nAnI evI kIDIoe senAkaNavALI retI khodIne dekhADI hatI ema hIroDaTasa ane megesthiInIsa kahe che. parziyAmAM vAparavAmAM AveluM sonuM I. pU. pAMcamA saikAmAM hiMdamAMthI lAvavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. hiMdamAM rUpuM, trAMbuM, sIsuM, jasata ane lokhaMDa vagere dhAtuo I. pU. 1500 nA samayathI khodI kADhavAmAM AvatI ane loDhAnA judA judA AkAre banAvavAnI kaLA hiMdamAM dhaNuM jUnI hatI. vikramAditye AjathI paMdaraso varSa pahelAM dilhImAM eka moTo lokhaMDano sthaMbha ropAvyo hato, je Aje paNa jovA maLe che ane je Aja sudhI atyAranA dhAtuzAstrIo tathA vaijJAnikone AzcaryamAM nAkhI dete bilakula kaTAyA vinA Ubho che. lokhaMDanI bhasma karavAnI rasAyaNika kriyA hindanA jUnA udyogamAM mukhya hatI. duniyAnA itihAsamAM bIjA koI pradeza karatAM sauthI paheluM hiMdamAM rU utpanna thayuM hatuM. hajAre varSa pahelAMnI mohanajoDerenI jUnI saMskRti vakhate paNa kapaDAM paheravAmAM AvatAM hatAM. hareDeTasa e rU zuM che te samajyA vinA ajJAnamAM kahe che ke "eka jAtanAM jaMgalI jhADAmAMthI rU utpanna thatuM hoya che je suMdaratAmAM ane guNamAM gheTAnAM vALa karatAM uttama prakAranuM hoya che. hindIo e jhADamAMthI pitAnAM kapaDAM banAve che." pachI samIpa pUrva pradezo

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sAthe hindane yuddha khelavA paDyAM ane tyAre romana lokone rU ugADatAM jhADanI khabara paDI. Araba musAphare paNa hindanA kapaDAMnI kArIgarI vize belatAM kahe che ke "hindanuM vaNATa kAma eTaluM te sarvottama ne suMdara che ke AkhI duniyAmAM ene jeTe jaDe ema nathI. eka nAnI vIMTImAMthI Akho tAka pasAra thato hoya che." madhyakALanA ArabIe hinda pAsethI kapAsanI khetI ane kapaDAM banAvavAne udyoga lIdho. Araba loka kapAsane kuTanuM kahetA hatA. Arabo pAsethI kapAsane udyoga zIkhanAra yuropiyane ene koTana kahe che. kapaDAMnI masalIna nAmanI jAta hiMdanA mesula nAmanA vibhAgamAM khUba suMdara banatI hatI. ane kelIkA nAma hindanA dakSiNa pazcimanA kinArA para AvelA kAlIkaTa parathI paDyuM che. gujarAtane vize bolatAM mArkepa kahe che ke, "gujarAtamAM duniyAnA koIpaNa deza karatAM sauthI suMdara bharatanuM kAma karavAmAM Ave che. kAzmIranI zAla tathA raga Aje paNa vaNATamAM ane DijhAInamAM sarvottama che. paNa hiMdamAM A badhe vaNaudyoga hastaudyoga hatuM ane vaNakara tathA vepArIo e udyogane vikasAvatA hatA. hindIone yuropanI prajAo te samaye vepAra udyogamAM AkhI duniyAmAM sauthI kuzaLa mAnatI hatI tathA hindanA hastaudyogamAM lAkaDAnA kAme, hAthIdAMtanA kAme, dhAtunAM kAmo tathA raMganAM, cAmaDAnA, sAbunA, kAcanA, gana pAuDaranA, sImenTanA vagerenA hatA. I. sa. 1260 mAM cIna hindamAMthI cazmA laI jatuM hatuM. Izu pachI sAtaso varSe hindamAM AvelA banaare hindane udyogathI UbharAI jatuM AlekhyuM che. phIze 1585mAM ekaso eMzI jahAjone eka me vepArI kAphalo jamanAnAM pANI para je hatA. A hastaudyoga sAthe vepAra paNa vikasate hate. nagara baMdhAtAM hatAM. meTAM moTAM bajhAre maMDAtAM hatAM tathA vepArane anukULa evA sthaLa mArgo baMdhAtA hatA. I. pU. 3000 varSa

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201 pahelAM ijIpta ane hinda vacce dhamayAkAra vepAra cAlatA hatA. i. pU. 700 thI 480 sudhI ekhIleAna ane hinda vacce parziyAnA akhAtamAM dhIkata! vepAravALA vepArI jahAjo karatAM hatAM. hindanA vahANe! caMdraguptanA samayamAM brahmadezamAM thaI cIna pahoMcatAM hatAM. ane hindamAM grIka vepArIe jene te samayanA hindue yavana kahetA hatA te kAvIDIana hindamAM Izu pahelAM saikAo pUrve meTAM meTAM jhArAmAM vepAra kheDatA hatA. rAma paNa e jUnA samayamAM masAlA mATe, attare| mATe, rezama mATe, masalIna mATe, tathA seAnerI varakha mATe hiMdu para AdhAra rAkhatuM hatuM. e rIte vepAramAM hiMda pAsethI rAma lAkha rUpiyAnA mAla kharIdatuM hatuM. ane rAmane hinda sAthe peAtAne vepArI rastA khullA rAkhavA mATe pAthI ana leAkA sAthe yuddho khelavA paDayAM hatAM. sAtamA saikAmAM Araee parziyA ane IjIpta para kAbu meLavye ane tyAra pachI yurepa ane eziyA vaccene vepAra musalamAna leAkeAnA hAthamAM AvyA. megalAnA samayamAM hiMdanA vepAra khUba dhamadhAkAra cAlatA hatA. e vepAranA mArgomAM venIsa ane jInIvA e banne iTAliyana dare| hatAM. hindanA yurepa sAthenA vepAramAM e baMdare khUba AbAda thavA jhAmyAM hatAM. akabaranuM naukAkhAtuM badhAM jahAjonA AMdhakAma para tathA dariyAi vepAranI vyavasthA para dhyAna rAkhatuM hatuM. te samaye baMgALa ane sindhanAM baMdarA vahANAnA bAMdhakAma mATe khUba prakhyAta hatAM. kAsTaTInepalanA sulatAne peAtAnA vahANA e dareAmAM baMdhAvatAM hatAM, tathA isTa iMDiyA kaMpanIe paNa peAtAnA jahAjonuM AMdhakAma e hindI kArIgara pAse karAvyuM hatuM. AvI jAtanA vepArI vyavahArane vadhAre vikasAvavA calaNI nANAnI paNa khUba jarUra hatI. buddhanA samayamAM judA judA AkAranAM sikkAe zarU karavAmAM AvyA hatA. I. pU. ceAthA saikAmAM

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201 hindamAM te samayanI sarakAre pahelavaheluM calaNI nANuM kAyadesara karyuM. zerazAhanA samayamAM hiMdamAM tAMbAnA, rUpAnA ane senAnA sikkA cAlatA hatA. akabara ane jahAMgIranA samayamAM hindanu calaNI nANuM AjanA kAI paNa yurepiyana calaNI nANAM karatAM AkAranI suMdaratAmAM ane dhAtunI zuddhimAM caDhiyAtu hatu. hindanA madhyakALamAM dhArmika vahemeAe vepAra udyogane rU MdhavA mAMDayo. nANAne utpAdanane mATe rokavAne banne hIrA metI kharIdavAmAM vAparavAmAM AvyuM ke jamInamAM dATI rakhAyuM. hiMdunI dhanadolatane upayeAga utpAdanamAM nahi thavAne lIdhe yurepanA dezamAM AvI tevI audyogika krAMtI eziyA para na AvI. samAjanA hiMdanI AvI paristhitimAM musalamAna rAjAe vijetAnI laghumatimAM hAvAthI mukhyatve karIne peAtAnI taravArA upara ja AdhAra rAkhatA hatA. e saumAM akabara eka apavAdarUpa hatA. e vijetAe mATe emanI icchA eja kAyadA hatA. kAI eka kAyade AkhA hiMdane lAgu paDatA nahAtA. leAkeAnA A khAnagI vyavahA resamAM kAyadAne badale dhazAstra upayeAgamAM AvatAM hatAM. hiMduonA dharmazAstrA brAhmaNoe lakhyAM hatAM. evAM dharmazAstrAmAM sauthI jAnu evuM zAstra manusmRti che. mAnavasamAjanA sarjananI daMtakathAmAM manune Adi puruSa tarIke lekhavAmAM Ave che. eNe lakhelA AcAradharmI hiMduee svIkArelA che. evAM dharmazAstranAM dhArAdheAraNA vaidika samayathI yeAjanAbaddha rIte hiMdanA samAjajIvana para geAThavavAmAM AvyAM che. palaTA khAtI rAjasattAe nIce e dharmonAM dhArAdheAraNA vadhAre sajjaDa rIte jaLavAI rahyAM che. hiMdamAM musalamAtenA AvyA pachI varNAzrama dharme hiMduone muslIme| sAthe leAhInI etAthI bhaLI jatAM aTakAvyAM che. vaidika samayamAM vaNuM athavA

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203 raMganA bhedathI zarU thayelA AryoM ane anArcInA e bhede AgaLa jatAM cAra varNomAM vikAsa pAmyA. Aje e varNAzrama dharma hiMdu prajAne hiMdamAM vasatI khIjI jAtA sAme divAleA UbhI karI bhaLI jatI aTakAve che. buddhanA samayamAM ektAnA siddhAnta nIce mudda dhame varNAzrama dharmanI bhedanIti upara dhA karyAM hatA. tyAra pachI brAhmaNeA pAchA ora upara AvyA ane manunA dharmazAstra varNAzramanAM cekamAM vadhAre sajjaDa karyAM. manunA dhArAdheAraNA rAjAne kamAve che ke " rAjAe brAhmaNA upara keAI jAtane! kara nAkhavA nahi. kAraNa brAhmaNa jo gusse thAya tA peAtAnA zrApta vaDe tathA mA vaDe rAjAne! tema tenA lazkarane nAza karI zake tema che. brAhmaNedvArA thatA yajJAmAM mukhya aMga yajJa karAvanArA brAhmaNAnI ii hatI.. aneka jAtanA camatkAra ane vhemeAthI brAhmaNA ajJAna lAke pAse dhana paDAvatA hatA. je strIne bALaka na thatuM heAya tene khALaka thavA mATenA maMtrA brAhmaNAne AvaDatA hatA. dhananI icchAvALAne brAhmaNA pI laI lakSmInA jApa karI ApatA hatA. e uparAMta. bheALA mANasA upara gusse thatAM devadevIone prasanna karavAnI brAhmaNAnI bhAre prI hatI. dareka bimArImAM, takarArAmAM, apazukanemAM, kharAba svapnamAM brAhmaNAnI salAha levAtI :hatI ane brAhmaNAne pI devAtI hatI. brAhmaNeAnI sattA jJAnanA ijArA para baMdhAyelI hatI. brAhmaNe zikSA hatA tathA sAhityanA saMpAdA hatA. ane brahmaNe ja vedanA abhyAsI hatA. jo kei zudra vedanA pavitra zabdonA uccAra sAMbhaLI jAya teA tenA kAnamAM khadakhadatuM sIsuM reDavA jeTale teNe aparAdha karyo kahevAya. jo kAi zudra vedanA zabda eTale te tenI jIbha kheMcI nAkhavA jeTalA aparAdha hatA. ane jo kAI vedane mAMDhe kare te tene mArI nAkhavAnI dhamakI hatI. AvI rIte brAhmaNu dharmaguru jJAnanA IjArAnuM rakSaNa karatA hatA. manunA kAyadA

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204 pramANe brAhmaNane badhA prANIomAM sarvoparI banavAne hakaka hato. thoDA varSa pachI brAhmaNone dvIja eTale pharIvAra janmavAnI kriyA karavI paDatI hatI. dhIja banavAne dhArmika vidhi karyA pachI brAhmaNanuM bALaka pavitra banatuM hatuM. ane tyAra pachI tenI milakta ane aMgata jIvana pavitra banatA hatA. brAhmaNane satkAra Apo e saunI dhArmika pharaja hatI. brAhmaNa je koI gunha kare te tene dehAMtadaMDanI zikSA thatI na hatI. paNa brAhmaNono koI aparAdha karanAra koI paNa narkanI zikSA pAmato hato. jo keI zuddha brAhmaNano aparAdha kare to tenI milakata japta karavI ane tene mArI nAkho, paNa je kaI zudra zune mArI nAkhe te brAhmaNane dasa gAya ApI te pitAnA aparAdhamAMthI mukta thatuM. je koI zuddha vaizyane mArI nAkhe to teNe brAhmaNane se gAya ApavI joIe. je kaI kSatriyane zudra mArI nAkhe te brAhmaNane hajAra gAya ApavI joIe. paNa je brAhmaNane mArI nAkhe to tene mArI nAkha joIe. brAhmaNanuM khUna eja manunA kAyadA pramANe to sAcuM khUna hatuM. manunA kAyadA bolatA hatA ke koI paNa brAhmaNe pitAnI jJAti bahAra lagna karavAM nahi. zudra sAthe lagna karanAra brAhmaNanA bALake gerakAyadesara ane cAMDALa gaNAtAM hatAM. pitAnAtAthI nIcI jAtavALA hajAma pAse mAthuM muMDAvI brAhmaNane pavitra thavA mATe snAna karavuM paDatuM hatuM. pite jyAM sUvA mAgatA hoya tyAM gAyanA chANathI zuddha karavuM joIe. eNe mAMsAhAra karavo na joIe. brAhmaNe ANelA pANI sivAya bIjuM kazuM pIvuM na joIe. A rIte samAjaracanAmAM sattAvAna banelo brAhmaNano varga jJAnanA IjArA para ane kheDUtanA ajJAna tathA vahema para jAmate jato hato. je samayamAM tene vijJAnanuM jJAna maLatuM nathI hotuM ane temanAM jIvana kudaratanA aMdhabaLa upara AdhAra rAkhatAM hoya tathA jyAre samAjanA moTA bhAgane vijetAone

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205 lazkaravAda haMmezAM kacaDatA ane veTa karAvatA hoya tyAre jJAnana ijArAvALA AvA brahmaNenA varga khIjA vargane mUkha banAvate hAya che tathA gulAmImAM rAkhate hoya che. ajJAnane, vahemAne ane sAmAjika parAdhInatAne Ave! krama ghaNA lAMbA samayathI Aja sudhI cAlatA Ave che. rAjyakrAMtie thayA chatAM paNa, A hiMdanI bhUmi para vijetAe badalAyA chatAM paNa hiMdanI samAjarcanAnu A aMdhArU kokaDu hajI sudhI ukelAyuM nathI. Aje paNa e samAjaracanAmAM eka khIjAne UMca nIca mAnatA varNAzrame che. sAmAjika tiraskAra pAmele ane avagaNAyele zudra che. tathA sAmAjika ahiSkAra pAmelA tathA dareka paLe navu apamAna pAmatAM aspRsyA che. tathA e sau para hiMdanI janatAnA vaheme ane ajJAnene lIdhe. tene mUrkha banAvanArA brAhmaNA che. nIti jyAre varNAzrama dharmone nAza thaze tyAre hindanA samAjamAM varNAzrama para baMdhAyelI nItine nAza thavA saMbhava che. kAraNa ke varNAzrama dharma ane nIti e hindanI sAmAjika ghaTanAnAM judAM na pADI zakAya evAM aMge che. varNAzrama dharma pramANe nIti jJAti pramANe nakkI thAya che. hindu eTale hindu dharmamAM mAnyatA eTaluM ja nahi paNa varNAzrama dharmamAM peAtAnuM krAI sthAna. nItinuM AvuM joDANa eTalA jUnA vakhatathI che ke te jANe varNAzramadharmanuM anivA` aMga hAya ema lekhavAmAM Ave che. jema AjanI nItienuM kAIpaNa svarUpa sauthI vadhAre bhAra strI-puruSanA sabaMdhe! para mUkatuM hAya che tema varNAzramadharme paNa peAtAnI nItibhAvanAne strI-puruSanA saMbadhavALI banAvI che. je mANasane bALako hoya te saMpUrNa mANasa che ema manune kAyadA kahe che kAraNa ke mALA mAbApanI milakata che tathA dhaDapaNamAM TekArUpa che. ane

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206 maraNa pachI pUrvajonI pUjA karanAra tathA pUrvajonI bhUtAvaLane lidAna denArA hoya che. pariNAme hindI samAjamAM saMtatiniyamanane sthAna nahe!tuM. garbhApAtane brAhmaNanuM khUna karavA jeve mATe! gunhA gaNavAmAM AvatA. peAtAnA vaMza cAlu rAkhavA e hindu samAjamAM dhArmika ane naitika kriyA hatI. bALaka janmatuM ke tarataja enA mAbApe ene paraNAvavAne vicAra karatAM. kAraNa ke veda pachI hindI samAjaracanAmAM lagna karajiyAta hatuM ane kumArAvasthA kalaMkarUpa hatI. lagna jevI agatyanI bAbatane yuvAneAnI pasaMdagI ane dhuna para cheDI devI e ThIka nathI ema manu bhagavAna mAnatA kAraNa ke yuvAne jo ekakhIjAne premathI paraNe te premane varNAzramavarmInI maryAdA nahAvAthI varNAzramadharmane nukazAna paheAMce, tethI peAtAnA baLakA yuvAna thAya ane eka khIjAte cAhatAM zIkhe te pahelAM ja mA bApee temane paraNAvI devAM joie, ema manune kAyade khelatA hatA. potAnI pasaMdagIthI thatAM lagnane gAMdhava lagna kahevAtAM. paNa tevAM lamo te vakhatanA samAjamAM mAnapAtra banatAM nahAtAM. gAMdhalamane aTakAvavA mATe dharmazAstra bALalagnane uddezatAM hatAM. tyAra pachI evI prathA jema jUnI banatI gaI tema pavitra manAvA lAgI ane pAchaLathI musalamAne AvyA pachI paraNelI strIne musalamAna upADI na jAya te mATe bALalagnane vadhAre majabUta anAvavAmAM AvyuM, eka taraphathI bALalagnAe paraNyA pahelAMnA strI puruSasa baMdhA sAme eka meTA aMtarAya UbhA karyo tathA bIjI tarapha strInI vaphAdArI para dhame khUba jorathI bhAra mUkye, vezyAvRtti devaLAmAM zakya hatI. khAsa karIne dakSiNamAM devadAsInI sasthA devaLAmAM hatI je kharI rIte vaizyA hatI. dareka tAmIla devaLamAM pavitra enI TUkaDI rahetI hatI jenA upayega devanI mUrti pAse gAvA -athavA nAcavAmAM karavAmAM AvatA hatA. te strIe dharmaguruone

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207 paNa prasanna karatI hatI ane tyAra pachI je kAi paisA Ape tene potAnI jAta dharatI hatI. evI rIte AvelI AvakamAMthI dharmaguruone paNa bhAga ApavAmAM AvatA hatA. je samaye eka taraphathI strIne dharamAM gAMdhI rAkhavAmAM AvatI hatI tathA tene keLavaNI nahAtI levA devAmAM AvatI te samaye AvI devadAsIone zikSaNa ApavAmAM AvatuM hatu ane temane haravApharavAnI chUTa ApavAmAM AvatI hatI, jeTalA mAnapUrvaka leAkeA peAtAnA chekarAne sAdhu thavA mATe rajA ApatA hatA teTaluMja mAna temane peAtAnI dIkarIAne devadAsI thavA mATe meAkalavAmAM thatuM hatuM. dhIme dhIme dakSiNanA adhAM maMdire vezyAgRha banI gayAM. ane jAhera leAkeA paNa devadAsIne vezyA kahetA thaI gayA. juvAna che!karAche.karInA eka khIjAnA premanA AvegAne lagna nirNayamAM svIkAravAmAM AvatAM nahAtAM. manue nakkI karelAM ATha lagnamAM naitika dhAraNa pramANe strInuM haraNa karavuM ane prema lagna karavuM e bannene nIcAmAM nIcuM mAnavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. mA Ape|nI paravAnagIthI thatAM ghaNAM kharAM lagnamAM strIne kharIdavAmAM AvatI, tathA e lagna ekaja jJAti ane geAtramAM karavAmAM AvatuM. e rItanA hindu kuTumbamAM bApa strI ane khaLAnA mAlika hatA. strI eka sundara vastu hatI ane puruSA karatAM UtaratI hatI. vaidika samayamAM strInuM UMcuM sthAna hatuM te dhIme dhIme UtaratuM gayuM ane dharmaguru ane musalamAnAnI asara nIce te saMpUrNa parAdhIna banI cUkI, manunA kAyadAmAM paNa strIne utArI pADavAmAM e asara dekhAya che. manu kahe che ke " kalaMkanu kAraNa strI che ane kalahanu kAraNa paNa strI che. skula jIvananuM kAraNa paNa strI che tethI strIthI dUra rahe. naitika jIvanamAMthI mUkha mANasane nahiM paNa saMtane paNa strI pADI zake che.ane tenI icchA

Page #218
ene gulAma banAvI zake che. ethI strIne tenA AkhA jIvanamAM cakI nIce rAkhavI joIe. zarUAtamAM tenA pitAe, juvAnImAM tenA patie ane ghaDapaNamAM tenA putre. strIe potAnA patine khUlsa namratAthI belAvavo joIe. tathA tene potAne deva mAna jAIe. jAheramAM strIe pitAnA patinI sAthe nahi paNa saheja pAchaLa, cAlavuM joIe. strIe pitAnI patibhakti patinI sevAmAM batAvavI joIe. pati ane putre khAI le pachI teNe vadheluM khAvuM joIe tathA patinA paganI pUjA karavI joIe." manu kahe che ke strIe potAnA patine bhagavAnanI jema pUjavo joIe. tathA te game tevo durAcArI hoya to paNa tene dUbhavavo na joIe. pahelAM yuropa ane amerIkAnI strInI je dazA hatI tevI madhyakALamAM hiMdI strInI dazA hatI. phakta zrIma tenI strIo ane vezyAja bhaNuM zakatI. sAmAnya strI mATe vAcanalekhanane ayogya gaNavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. zukranI sAthe strIne paNa vedanuM jJAna pAmavA mATe nAlAyaka gaNavAmAM AvI hatI. candraguptanA samayamAM brAhmaNe ekathI vadhAre strIne paraNatA hatA. tathA badhI strIo ajJAna hatI. tattvajJAnanI carcA karatA e brAhmaNanI strIo ajJAna hovAne lIdhe pitAnA jIvana tarapha virAgathI jotI hatI tathA duHkha ane AnaMda tarapha, ane jIvana tathA mRtyu tarapha potAnI ajJAna dazAne lIdhe samAna bhAve joI zakatI hatI. manunA kAyadA pramANe strI potAnI milakata rAkhavAne adhikArI lekhAtI hatI. puruSa potAnI strIno tyAga karI zakato hato. strI tene koIpaNa saMjogomAM choDI zakatI nahi. puruSa eka karatAM vadhAre strIne paraNI zakato. strInuM UMcAmAM - UMcuM sthAna gharane zaNagAravAmAM hatuM, tathA pitAnA patine AnaMda ApavA pitAnI jAtane zaNagAravAnuM hatuM. parziyano ane musalamAnanI sAthe strIone paDadAmAM rAkhavAno rivAja zarU thaze. strInI bimArImAM mAvajata karavA AvanAra DeAkaTara paNa tenA hAthanI nADI

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209 paDadA pAchaLathI ja joI zaktA, hiMdu gharasaMsAramAM strI sAthe vAta karavI e koIpaNa mahemAna mATe avinaya khAto hato. potAnA pati pAchaLa strIne saLagAvI mUkavI e prathA prAcIna kALamAM sIthiyana ane zresiyana lekamAM hatI. paraMtu e prathAnAM mULa strIne milakata mAnanArI prAthamika dazA jeTalAM jUnAM che. atharvavedamAM paNa e jUnI prathA viSe ullekha che ke pitAnA patinI citA upara tenI strI cheDe vakhata sUI jatI pachI citAne cetAvavAmAM AvatI. mahAbhAratamAM sati thavAnA rivAjanI zarUAta thaI cUkI hatI. tathA lagabhaga evo niyama thaI gayo hato ke vaphAdAra strI potAnA patinA maraNa pachI jIvavA mAgatI nathI paNa jIvatI saLagI jatI hoya che. dakSiNamAM telugu lokamAM strIne tenA pati pAchaLa jIvatI dATI devAmAM AvatI hatI. zarUAtamAM A sati thavAne cAla sAme brAhmaNoe virodha batAvyo paNa pachI tene svIkArI lIdho tathA dharmanI pavitra paravAnagI ApI. rAjasthAnanA itihAsamAM rajapUta rAjAnI hAra thayA pachI badhA yoddhAonI strIo paNa eka sAthe saLagI jatI. ghaNIvAra yoddhAo pite duzmano sAthe chevaTanA yuddhamAM UtaratAM pahelAM potAnI strIonA samUhane eka moTI citAmAM saLagAvI mUkatA. rAjasthAnanA itihAsamAM e kriyA joharane nAme prasiddha che, musalamAno e prathAne dhikkAratA chatAM mogalonA samayamAM e kriyA cAlu hatI ane akabara pote paNa ene aTakAvI zakyo nahoto. vijayanagaramAM paNa e prathAne lIdhe rAjAnA bharaNa pachI tenI eka mukhya strI nahi paNa tenI badhI rANIo citA para caDhI jatI. vijayanagaranA eka rAjAne viSe kahevAmAM Ave che ke teNe potAnI bAra hajAra strImAMthI mAtra traNa hajAra strIne ja potAnI pAchaLa maravA mATe pasaMda karI hatI. yuropa sAthenA saMsarga pachI sati thavAnI prathA vaDAvA mAMDI. paNa pachI no e savAla Ubho thayo ke je potAnA maraNa pachI strI jIvatI

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20 rahe ! ekaja puruSane bhAgavavA mATe nakkI thaelI e strI zuM kare? pachI brAhmaNIe ema nakkI karyuM ke e rIte vidhavA banelI kApaNa strIe sati thavAne badale bAkInuM badhuM jIvana pharIthI lagna karyAM vinA pasAra karavu, tathA peAtAnA mAthAnA zaNagAra utArI nAkhavA ane dhArmika jIvana vyatIta karavuM, brAhmaNAe A pramANe nakkI karelA niyamane hiMduomAM UMca gaNAtA varSeja pALavA mAMDacA. musalamAne, zIkhA tathA bIjA nIca gaNAtA vargomAM vidhavA strIe bIjI vAra lagna karatI hatI. DhavAnI bhUmi azAkanA maraNa pachI khaseA varSa budhama enI chevaTanI 'cAie pahoMcyA hatA. azAka pachI hu sudhIte! kALa khudda dharmanA vikAsane tathA vidyAne ane kalAnA vikAsane kALa hatA. paNa te samayane buddha dharma e mudde pAte upadezele dharma naheAtA. te samayanA muddadharma buddhanA ziSya sukhe|dhe upadezele! adharma hateA. khuddanA maraNanA samAcAra sAMbhaLI e khelyA hatA ke sAdhue have basa karo. raDeA ke zAka kare nahi. ApaNe eka meTa! bhAramAMthI chUTayA chIe. A karavuM yeAgya che ane A karavuM ayeAgya che ema kahenAra have kAI rahyuM nathI. have ApaNane gamaze te ApaNe karI zakIzuM, ane nahi game te nahi karIe. budghanA maraNa pachI svataMtra thayelA sAdhuoe paheluM kAma judA judA pakSamAM vaheMcAI javAnu karyuM. buddha pachInA ase| varSamAM ja buddhanA vArasadAree buddhanA siddhAMtamAMthI aDhAra phAMTA UbhA karyAM. dakSiNa hiMda ane sileAnanA auddha muddanA mULa siddhAMtane vaLagI rahyA ane hInayAna kahevAyA. e leAkeA yuddhane eka mahAna zikSaka tarIke bhajavA lAgyA ane te bhagavAna nathI ema kahevA lAgyA. paNa uttara jhiMdamAM, tibeTamAM, mehaMgAliyAmAM tathA cIna ane jApAnamAM tenA anuyAyioe bIjo patha

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211 kADho ane te mahAyAna kahevAya. mahayAne buddhine bhagavAna banAvyo ane tenI AsapAsa saMte ane devadUtanA taraMgo UbhA karyA. pataMjalIna gadarzanane svIkAra karyo tathA saMskRta bhASAmAM navuM dharmazAstra racyuM ane zAkya munie prabodhelA sakhta nirAzAvAdane haLavo banAvyo. e dharmazAstramAM eka svarganI kalpanA karavAmAM AvI hatI ke jemAM ghaNA buddo rahetA hatA. e buddomAMthI zAka muni eka bhagavAnano avatAra hatA. A navA dharmazAstra pramANe temAMthI sauthI mahAna evA badhIsone gaNavAmAM AvyA. e bodhIso nirvANane lAyaka chatAM lokonuM kalyANa karavA mATe pitAnI IcchA pramANe janma letA hatA. e rIte buddha dharmamAM aneka vahemo pesatA jatA hatA ane buddhidharmamAM zaktipUjAnI urojanA dekhAtI hatI. dhIme dhIme brAhmaNe potAnI asara jamAvatA jatA hatA tathA hiMdu vicAramAM vedanuM pramANa laIne zaMkara nAmanA eka brAhmaNa tatvaciMtake buddhidharmane nAza karavA mAMDyo. patana pAmatA buddhadharmamAMthI lokoe zaMkaranA hiMdudharmane svIkAra karavA mAMDyo. tathA brAhmaNa dharme buddhadharmane AliMgana ApIne teno nAza karavA mAMDI. brAhmaNa dharme eka sauthI sahelI yukti vAparI. buddhane viSNunA avatAra tarIke ane bhagavAna tarIke svIkArI lIdho. tathA yajJamAM prANIonA balidAna na ApavAM joIe te vAta svIkArIne buddhadharmane pitAnA pakSamAM apanAvI lIdhe. e rIte vistAra pAmate hiMdudharma mukhya cAra bAbate svIkArato hato. eka varNazrama vibhAga, brAhmaNanI saradArI, gAyanI pavitratA ane karmanA kAyadAno svIkAra. e rIte hindudharmanA bhagavAna paNa nakkI thayA hatA. eka "brahmA hato jene cAra meDhAM hatAM. kArtikeyane cha moDhAM hatAM. zivane traNa AMkho hatI. indrane hajAra AMkho hatI. lagabhaga badhA devadevIone cAra hAtha hatA. ane saune uparI brahmA hato. e brahmA

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12 sAthe ziva ane viSNu joDAI gayA hatA. viSNu manuSyajAtanuM kalyANa karavA mATe vAraMvAra manuSyanA avatAra lete hateA. emAM meTAmAM meTA avatAra kRSNane hatA ane ene janma kedakhAnAmAM thayA hatA. janma pachI eNe ghaNA kAvAdAvA tathA camatkAro karyAM hatA. ene eka ziSya hatA tenuM nAma arjuna hatuM. e bhagavAna kAI kahe che ke khANu vAgavAthI marI gayA. hindu daSTie jIvananA mukhya traNa vibhAga AlekhavAmAM AvyA che. eka janmane, bIjo jIvananA ane trIjo maraNane. jIvananA vizALa khyAla para e traNa kriyAo utpatti, sthiti, ane layanI kahevAya che. brahmA e utpattine bhagavAna che. viSNu e 'sthitine sthApaka che tathA ziva vinAza athavA layane adhichAtA che. jaina sivAyanA badhA hiMdue A trimUrtine ArAdhe che. temAM paNa keTalAka ziva tarapha ane keTalAka viSNu tarapha pakSapAta dharAve che. viSNunA bhakto peAtAnA kapALamAM UbhuM TIluM kare che tathA zivanA bhakto kapALamAM gAyanA chANunI ke bhasmanI puruSanA prajanana aMga jevI liMga AkRtie dare che hindu dharmoMmAM zivapUjana e khUba jUnAmAM jUnI ane sauthI bhayAnaka pUjA che. sara jona mAle 'meAhano DerA'mAM joyelAM avazeSAmAM paNa zivapUjA jaDI Ave che. puruSanI jananendriya jevA AkArAvALA pattharanI pUjA karavAmAM Ave che tathA e AkAramAM badhI jAtanI vinAzaka ane zubha zaktine jovAmAM Ave che tathA zivane vinAzanA tAna para tAMDava khelAvavAmAM Ave che. hindanA dareka bhAgamAM ane khAsa karIne baMgALamAM zivanI prajanana zaktine kAlI, pAvatI, umA ke durgA tarIke eLakhavAmAM Ave che ane saune zivanI strI gaNI temanI bhayaMkara ke suMdara mUrtio racavAmAM AvI che, jUnA samayamAM e mUrtine

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213 manuSyane bhoga ApavAmAM AvatA hatA. jamAnA sAthe sudharatI e zaktio Aje gheTAM, bakarAM ke pADAnA bhogathI saMtoSa mAne che. lokakalpanAe e bhayaMkara zaktinA svarUpane kAlI banAvIne phATI gayelAM lohI tarasyAM moDhAMvALuM, laTakI paDelI rAtI jIbhavALuM ane manuSyanA zaba para tAMDava khelatuM ane gaLAmAM sApanA zaNagAra dharatuM cItaryuM che. enAM kAnamAM zabanA kuMDaLa che, gaLAmAM parIonI mALA che tathA enI chAtI ane caherA para lohI copaDeluM hoya che. enA eka hAthamAM talavAra che. bIjA hAthamAM talavAre kApeluM mAthuM che ane bIjA be hAtha AzIrvAda tathA rakSaNamAM laMbAyelA che evI e kolI athavA pArvatI mRtyu ane vinAzanI mAtA che. te premALa banI zake che ane ghAtakI paNa bane che. te hasI zake che ane saMhAra paNa karI zake che. prAcIna kALanA sumeniyAmAM koI evI ja devInI ArAdhanA thatI hatI. kadAca tyAMthI ja te hindamAM bhAgI AvI hoya. e zakti ane enA patine dhArmikonA taraMgoe tathA brAhmaNae banAvAya teTalAM bhayaMkara banAvyAM che. Aje enA bhakto ene jue che ane bhayathI ene namI paDe che. A badhAM hindu samAjanA mahAna bhagavAna che. paNa e mahAna bhagavAno te pAMcaja che. bIjA aneka devadevIo hajAranI saMkhyAmAM che. jemanI vasatI gaNatarI mATe judAM pustaka lakhavA paDe. emAMnAM keTalAMka devadUta che, keTalAMka rAkSasa che. keTalAMka svargamAM rahenArA che, keTalAMke pRthvI para ghara mAMDayAM che. emAMnAM keTalAMka pazuo ane pakSio paNa che. hAthI ane Akhale e baMne zivamaMdiramAM choTA bhagavAno che. vAMdara ane sApa khUba bhaya kara hatA tethI bhagavAna banyA. mahaisurane pUrvamAM to sApa mATe maMdira bAMdhavAmAM AvyAM che tathA dharmaguruo sApane potAne tyAM pALe che ane dUdha pIvaDAve che. sauthI pavitra evuM prANa

Page #224
214 gAya che. tenuM chANu tathA mUtra paNa pavitra manAya che. jyAre vidhavAone jIvatI saLagAvI devAmAM AvatI hatI tyAre brAhmaNe gAyanuM mAMsa khAvAnI ane jIvajaMtuone mAravAnI nA pADatA hatA. khristI dharmomAM paNa evI pazupUjA hAvAnuM jaNAya che. eDanamAM sApanI pUjA hatI. elDa TesTAmeTamAM seAnerI AkhalAnI pUjA hatI. duniyAne kAI paNa dharma pazupUjA vinAnA nathI rahyo. saunuM mULa e che ke buddhinI sUkSmatA vinAnuM madhu aparokSa athavA vyaktivizeSa svarUpe! grahaNa karI zakatuM nathI. vaLa buddhinI dRSTie ja bhAvanAene! khyAla AvI zakate nathI tethI tene zaktinAM svarUpe| ane niyameAnAM sthUla svarUpa ke mUrtie dhaDavI paDe che. e rIte joIe te! ekaeka deva devI e kAI eka svarUpalakSaNa ke guNalakSaNa banI rahe che. chevaTe e badhAM deva devIe eka bIjAnAM guNa dharmo banI chevaTanA eka mahAna bhagavAnamAM avA jagatapatAmAM virAma pAme che. evI rIte eka bhagavAnamAM mAnatuM manuSya nAnAM seTAM deva devIone te eka bhagavAnanuM svarUpa mAne che. vijJAna ekeeka jamAnAmAM vaijJAnika vicArasaraNInI pahelAM dhArmika vicAraNA heAya che. jJAnane adhe! ijAre dharmagurunA hAthamAM hAya che tathA judAM judAM zAstra ke ijJAnadharmazAstramAM zamAI jatAM dharmazAstranAM nAnakaDAM prakaraNa jevAMja hoya che. hiMdanI vidyA kalAnI zarUAta paNa e rIte thai hatI. dharmagurue! pAsethI vaijJAnika vicAraNAnA ijArA chUTI jatA hatA tathA dhIme dhIme judA judA ciMtA ane vicAra! kAI ne kAI viSayamAM zodhakheALa karatA hatA. dhArmika vicArasaraNI ekeeka gRha ane nakSatrane deva devI mAnI

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215 pUjatI hatI paNa pachI e pakaDa DhIlI thatAM khagoLazAstra eka svataMtra zAstra banavA lAgyuM tathA graha nakSatranI gatinA niyama zodhAvA lAgyA. khagoLazAstrIomAM sauthI jUnuM nAma varAhamihIranuM saMbhaLAya che. tyAra pachI mahAna khagoLazAstrIomAM ane gaNitazAstrIomAM AryabhaTTanuM nAma sauthI AgaLa Ave che. teNe akSaragaNitanA samIkaraNe zodhI kADhyAM tathA sAIna ane [pAI)nI kismata zodhI kADhI. eNe grahaNono ukela Apyo tathA pRthvI gaLa che ane potAnI dharI para phare che e vAta jAhera karI. enA pachI brahmagupta eNe karelI zodhane vyavasthita rUpa ApyuM, paraMtu pRthvI phare che e vAtano asvIkAra karI khagoLazAstranA mArgamAM ADakhIlI UbhI karI. tyArapachInA khagoLazAstrIe eka varSanA bAra bhAga karyA ane dareka bhAgane trIsa divasamAM vaheMcI nAkhe ane dareka divasanA trIsa kalAka karyA tathA dara pAMca varSe eka adhika mAsa nakakI karyo. e lokoe candra vyAsanuM cokkasa mApa kADhayuM tathA sUryacandranA grahaNane vaijJAnika ukela Ape. e uparAMta gurutvAkarSaNane niyama zodhI kADhayo tathA pitAnA siddhAMtamAM jAhera karyuM ke pRthvI dareka vastune pitA tarapha kheMce che. khagoLazAstranA vikAsa sAthe gaNitazAstra paNa sArI rIte vikAsa pAmyuM. yuropamAM e gaNitazAstranuM jJAna tathA khAsa karIne dazAMzanuM jJAna hindustAnamAMthI Araba dvArA pahoMcyuM. mahAna vijJAnazAstrI lepalese kabUla karyuM che ke dazAMzanI zodha karanAra AkhI duniyAmAM hiMdustAna sauthI paheluM che. jyAre ApaNe jANIe chIe ke AkamiDisa ane epalothIasanI buddhine paNa e vastunI pichAna nahatI thaI tyAre A mahAna zodhanI bhavyatA ApaNane ghaNI vadhAre lAge che. dazAMza paddhati ghaNuM lAMbA kALa pahelAM AryabhaTTane ane brahmaguptane AvaDatI hatI. tyAra

Page #226
ra16 pachI buddhanA pracAe e jJAna cInane ApyuM tathA I. sa. pUrve 850mAM mahamada musAe je te samayamAM mahAna gaNitazAstrI hate teNe hinda pAsethI e paddhati zIkhIne tene pracAra bagadAdamAM karyo. I. sa. 873mAM gaNitazAstramAM anivArya evA mIMDAnA upayoganI gaNitazAstranI mahAna bheTa AkhI manuSya jAtine hinda ApI che. ema mAnavAmAM Ave che ke bIjagaNitano vikAsa hindamAM ane grIsamAM eka sAthe thayo hato. hinda pAsethI Abee bIjagaNitano abhyAsa karyo tathA bIjagaNitane arabI bhASAmAM ala-jaba kahevA lAgyA. Ara pAsethI bIjagaNitane abhyAsa yurope karyo ane ene yuropanI bhASAmAM elajIbrA kahevAmAM Ave che. bIjagaNitanA zeAdhakomAM sauthI mahAna evA traNa hatA, AryabhaTTa, brahmaguptA ane bhAskara. bhAskare bIjagaNitanA judAM judAM cinho zodhI kADhayAM tathA je vinA bIjagaNita azakaya banI jAya tevuM ochAnuM cinha zodhI kADhayuM tathA e gaNitazAstrIe AThamA saikA sudhI yuropane jenuM bhAna nahotuM evAM samIkaraNa tathA paramyuTezana" ane "kembInezana" (permutations combinations) zodhI kADhayAM. hindanA bhUmitIzAstranI zarUAta dharmaguruoe vedInuM mApa karavAthI IzuM pahelAM seMkaDo varSa pUrve karI hoya ema lAge che. AryabhaTTe trikoNanuM kSetraphaLa zodhI kADhayuM tathA vartuLanA judA judA bhApanI zodha karI. bhAskare "DIpharanazIyala kelakayulasanI" zodha karI, ane AryabhaTTa sAinanA kramanI zarUAta karI TrIgeDanemeTrIne pAyo nAkhyo. padArtha vijJAnanI zarUAta vaizeSika tattvacintananA praNetA kaNadathI thAya che. eNe jAhera karyuM ke judAM judAM taromAM pariNAma pAmatAM paramAzuonI duniyA banelI che. jaina lokoe paNa zIkhavyuM ke badhAM paramANuo ekaja jAtanAM hoya che tathA judAM judAM mizraNamAM judI judI asara batAve che. kaNade kahyuM ke prakAza ane tApa

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217 ekaja padArthanA e judAM judAM svarUpa che. uddayane zIkhavyuM ke badhe tApa sUrajamAMthI Ave che, ane vAcaspatie nyuTananI jema mahAna zodha karI nahera kayuM ke prakAza khUba bArIka paramANuone banelA che ane bIjA padArthonI jema AMkhane aDe che. eja rIte sa`gItanA sUranu pRthakkaraNa karavAmAM AvyuM' tathA gaNitazAstranI dRSTie pAyathAgeArase karelI zeAdhanI jema jAhera karavAmAM AvyuM ke saMgIta amuka kALamAM jeTalAM AMdelane UbhAM karI zake che te pramANe zabdane dhvani thAya che. hindI khalAsIe IzunA janma pahelAMthI eka jAtanA kampAsa rAkhatA hatA jene mAchalInA AkArane kAMTA uttara dizA batAvatA hateA. vaidaka tathA udyogamAMthI rasAyaNa zAstrane gama thaye!, prAcIna hindamAM te samayanI duniyAmAM ajoDa evu` rasAyaNa zAstranuM jJAna hatuM. te samayanA cAmaDAM pakavavAnA,raMgavAnA, sAbu banAvavAnA tathA kAcanA ane sImenTa banAvavAnA udyogA hiMdamAM asAdhAraNa hatA. I. pU. khIjA saikAmAM nAgA ne pArA vize eka meTuM pustaka lakhyuM che. te samayanI duniyAmAM rAsAyaNika kalAmAM hiMda sauthI agrasthAna bhAgavatuM hatuM. lAkhaDane pANI caDhAvavAnI kalA hinda jevI kAi dezamAM naheAtI. Arae! e kalA hinda pAsethI zIkhyA ane yurepane zIkhavI. zarIrazAstra tathA AreAgyazAstra I. pU. chaseA varSa pahelAM khUkSma vikAsa pAmI cUkayuM hatuM. zarIrazAstranuM te samayanuM jJAna AjanA zarIra vijJAnazAstrathI kAI paNa rIte UtaratuM na hatuM. AreAgyazAstra sAthe joDAyeluM jAtivijJAna paNa khUba vikAsa pAmyuM hatuM. I. pU. 500 mAM atreya nAmanA eka vaidazAstrIe prajananazAstra para granthA lakhyA hatA tathA te kALamAM saMtatiniyamanane upadeza vijJAnanI rIte karavAmAM AvatA hatA. garbhanA vikAsa vaijJAnika rIte samajAvavAmAM AvyA hatA. evA hindI vaidakazAstranI zarUAta atha

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218 rvavedathI thAya che. atharvavedamAM judA judA roganA upAya tarIke jAduo ane maMtra sUcavavAmAM AvyA che. dhIme dhIme jAdunuM jora ochuM thatuM gayuM ane vaidakazAstrane vikAsa thate gayo. atharvaveda pachInuM vaidakazAstra Ayurveda athavA jIvana laMbAvavAnA jJAna tarIke AlekhavAmAM AvyuM che tathA zarUAtamAM rogInI paricaryAmAM vanaspatio ane jaMtrono upayoga sUcavavAmAM Avyo che. RgredamAM evI hajAre vanaspationAM nAmo che. vedika samayamAM vaide ane hekaTare jAdugarothI judA rahetA hatA tathA potAnA makAnanI AsapAsa vaidakIya vanaspatine bAga banAvatA hatA. hiMdI vaidakazAstramAM sauthI AgaLa AvatA nAmamAM I. pU. 500 varSa pahelAM sutanuM che. tathA I. sa. 200 varSa pachI carakanuM nAma saMbhaLAya che. suzrata banArasanI vidyApIThamAM vaidaka vijJAnano prophesara hato. eNe saMskRtamAM nidAna ane cikitsA vize graMthe lakhyA che. e graMthonA AdhAra mATe ene zikSaka dhanavaMtarInuM nAma eNe pramANa tarIke raju karyuM che. e pustakamAM vADhakApanI (sarjarI) kaLAnuM jJAna ApavAmAM AvyuM che. e uparAMta davAo, khorAka, snAna tathA Arogyane bIjA niyamonuM vivecana karavAmAM AvyuM che. carake davAonI saMhitA lakhI che je Aje paNa hiMdamAM vaparAya che. tyAra pachIne vaidakanA vijJAnIomAM vAgabhaTTa ane bhAvaminAM nAmo mazahUra che. e lokee zarIrazAstra para, ArogyazAstra para tathA vaidakazAstra para hArve pahelAM se varSa agAu meTA gro lakhyA hatA ane lehInI pharavAnI AkhI kriyAne zodhI kADhI hatI. suzrute sarjIkala oparezananAM varNana karyA che. jevA ke motIo kADha, saLaMga gAMTha, patharI, peTa cIrIne prasava karAvavo tathA bIjA evA oparezana karavAM vagere. e vADhakApanA kAma mATe ekaso ekavIsa hathiyAro varNavyAM che. pratyAghAtI brAhmaNanA te samayanA niSedha chatAM paNa suzrute

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219 DekaTarone tAlIma ApavA mATe, muDadAone cIravAnI jAhera rIte upadeza karyo che. atyAre gaMbhIra gaNAtAM oparezananAM zikSaNa ApyAM che. gerIsana kahe che ke prAcIna hindanA ThekaTare lohInI nase sivAyanA badhAM ja gaMbhIra oparezana karI zakatA hatA. hiMdanA prAcInakALamAM aMgacheda karavAmAM AvatAM hatAM, ane aMgane joDI ApavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. piTa kholavAnAM oparezana karavAmAM AvatAM hatAM ane lohInI nasanI gAMTha ane nAsUra besADavAmAM paNa oparezana thatAM hatAM. suzrute oparezananI pUrva taiyArIne vizALa pAyA para niyamo ghaDyAM che. te samaye pAka lAve evAM jaMtuono nAza karI zastrakriyA karavAnA upAyonuM jJAna dharAvavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. oparezana karavA mATe dardIne bebhAna banAvavAnA padArthonA upaga subrata ane caraka karatA hatA. evA padArthane saMmohinI kahetA hatA. te samayanA vaidakazAe agiyArasovIza dardonAM varNana karyA che. e daradInI cikitsA ane nidAna mATe judI judI kriyAo varNavI che. te samaye lehI ane pizAbanAM pRthakkaraNa karI roga pArakhavAmAM AvatA hatA. tibeTanA vedo pizAbanI parIkSAmAM bahu pAvaradhA manAtA hatA. A uparAMta te samayanuM vaidaka zAstra kudatI upacAra paNa khUba sarasa jANatuM hatuM. tevA upAyanA Arogya bhuvanamAM badhuM dhyAna, snAna, khorAka, bastI kriyA, zvAsocchAsa tathA mutrAzaya dvArA ApavAmAM AvatAM ijekazana vagere para rAkhavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. baLiyA TAMkavAnuM bhAna AvatAM yuropane Iza pachI aDhAra saikAo vahI gayA. bhAna prAcIna hiMdane Izu pachI pAMcaso varSa thayuM hatuM. lokamata vedamAMthI purANamAM ane tyArapachI rAmAyaNa mahAbhAratamAM thaIne hiMdI samAjanA madhyakALane aMta sudhI ane Aja sudhI. eka cekasa lokamata jAmI gayela che. e hiMdano lokamata no nathI. dareke dareka dezomAM bhayAkULa jIvanasaMjogo lAlaca ane bhayanI.

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220 vicArasaraNI para evo ja lokamata racatA hoya che. mata ke vicAraNA sAmAjika tathA Arthika saMgenuM pariNAma hAI saMjogomAMthI ghaDAya che. hiMdI samAjamAM svIkArAyelA lekamata pramANe kaI paNa vyakti svataMtra vyakti nathI. paNa eka satata jIvananA aMkoDAmAM AtmA tarIke joDAyelI hoya che. hiMdI vicArasaraNuM pramANe AtmA ekeeka pazu prANI ke vanaspatine sarakho hoya che tathA samagra jIvananA anivArya aMgarUpa hoya che. manuSya paNa kudaratano eka vibhAga ane sAthe sAthe pazuprANIsRSTino paNa vibhAga che. jIvana e Atmika AviSkArane eka aMzamAtra che. vastuonAM svarUpe kSaNabhaMgura che paNa satya vastu satata ane eka che. paNa eTalAthI jIvananI kriyAprakriyAo samajAI jatI nathI. eno ukela karmanA kAyadAne khyAla upara racAyeluM che. e rIte ekeeka jIvana pote karelAM satkarmane badalA rUpa tathA durAcAranI zikSArUpa hoya che. nAnAmAM nAnI koI paNa kriyA sArI narasI heya che ane sArI ke narasI koIpaNa kriyAno badala zikSA ke inAma hoya che. jevo kAryakAraNane niyama padArtha vijJAnamAM che tevA karmanA kAyadAne niyama manuSyanA AdhyAtmika jagatamAM kriyA ane tene badalAnA svarUpamAM ThekI besADavAmAM AvyuM che. e karmane kAyade manuSyanA eka janma ke jIvanamAM maryAdita thato nathI paNa aneka janma sudhI vistAra pAmate heya che. je kAI manuSya sadAcAra ane pApa vinA jIve te tene badale jyAM sudhI ene sadAcAranI asara kAyama rahe tyAM sudhI aneka janmamAM maLe che. enA navA janmane vadhAre sArA saMjogomAM ane UMcI kakSAmAM thAya che. paNa e durAcAramAM Ave to tene kaI jIvajaMtu ke pazuno, kUtarAne ke aspRzyane avatAra levo paDe che. hindI samAjamAM vaNAyele karmane kAyade Ave che ane ATalo sakhta che. manuSyanA kriyA dharmamAM e kAyado chevaTane che. devadevIo paNa enA

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221 vidhAnane badalI zakatAM nathI. e kAyadA pramANe pracalita nItie. nakakI karyA pramANe pUNyazALI jIvana jIvanArane svarganI lAlaca. ApavAmAM AvI hatI ane e nItie gaNAvelAM pApa AcaranAranI sAme narka dharavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. mAlikazAhInI Arthika ghaTanAoe janmAvelI garIbAI ane bhUkhamarAne lIdhe thatA aneka gunhAone aTakAvavA tathA janasamAjanA ajJAta tharane gabharAvI mUkavAne karmane kAyade e eka saphaLa upAya hato. ekeeka dezamAM zoSaka saMjogonI jarUriyAta pramANe evo kAyade nirmAe che paNa hindI saMskRtimAM e kAyadAne amala aneka janma sudhI. vistarato hato. e karmanA kAyadAthI bhoLA lokone bharamAvavA mATe mithyA jJAna ke khoTA ukela phelAvavAmAM AvatA hatA. e. rIte yojAyele karmane kAyado zeSa ane zAsakonA hAthamAM bhayaMkara hathiyArarUpa hato. e karmane kAyadAnI bedhArI talavArathI gunhA karavAnI vRttine gabharAvI mUkavAmAM AvatI hatI tathA bIjI taraphathI eja karmanA kAyadAvaDe samAjamAM dekhAtI garIbAI, duHkha, asamAnatAo ane anyAyanA beTA ukela ApavAmAM AvatA hatA. manuSya prAthamika dazAthI ja nyAya ane samAnatA mATe bUma mArI che paNa te ja samayathI karmane kAyadAnA eka ke bIjA svarUpathI enI e bUmane dabAvI devAmAM AvI che. je aniSToe Aja sudhI duniyAnA itihAsamAM kALAM karmo karyA che tathA vyavasthita khUnAmarakIo calAvI che te badhAM aniSTane, anyAne tathA asamAnatAne karmanA kAyadAe bacAvI lIdhA che. te saune A janmanAM nahito pAchalA janmanAM zubha karma kahIne patAvI dIdhAM che. karmanA kAyadAne vaza thaI pIDita janatAe Aja sudhI asamAnatAo, sahI lIdhI che, avaLA ukelo svIkArI lIdhA che ane mUMge moDhe badhA anyAo sahana karI lIdhA che. svarganA taraMgomAM AzAone saMkelI aLakhAmaNAM thayelAM jIvana jela jevA jIvanamAM sabaDAvyAM che..

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duniyAnA ekeeka dharmoe karmanA AvA kAyadAne apanAvI lIdhA che. manuSyone sAcAM sukha kalyANa ApavAne badale dhArmika mAnyatAonI kephI asara UbhI karI pIDita samAjane taraMgamAM jIvate banAvyo che. manuSyane jyAre dukha paDe che tyAre te du:khane javAba mAge che. athavA kAraNa zodhe che. pitA para AvI paDelA duHkhanA kAraNamAM ke javAbamAM jyAre e pitAne javAbadAra nathI joto paNa bIjI koI vyakti varga ke sattAne jue che tyAre eno pUNyaprakopa saLagI UThe che ane ene baLavo karavAnuM mana thAya che. paNa karmanA kAyadAnI hiMdI vicArasaraNIe dharmanA AzarA heThaLa pIDita janatAnA badhA baLavA tathA pUNyaprakepane zamAvI de tathA temanI gulAmI agara duHkhe para ThaMDu pANI chAMTato cheTe ukela batAvyo che. e UMdhe mAthe UbhelI vicArasaraNIe karmanA kAyadAnA nAmamAM jaNAvyuM che ke manuSyane bhegavavAM paDatAM du:kho ane anyAye mATe bIjI koI vyakti, sattA ke varga kAraNabhUta nathI paNa manuSya vyakti tarIke pote ja javAbadAra che. tethI teNe potAnA para AvI paDelAM duHkha ane anyAya zAMtithI ane mUMge moDhe sahana karavAM joIe. pitAne bhegavavAM paDatAM aniSTone potAnAM ja karelAM pAponA badalA rUpa mAnI levAM joIe. AvI viparIta vicArasaraNInA pariNAma rU5 duHkha ane ajJAnamAM saDato lokasamAja eka navI ja jAtane nirAzAvAda grahaNa karI le che. e nirAzAvAda kahe che ke manuSya svabhAvathI ja pApI che ane jIvana aneka jAtanAM duHkho ane viTaMbaNathI bhareluM che. buddhi maryAdita tathA nakAmI che. IcchA mAtra kharAba tathA pApI che. zoSaka saMjogomAM sapaDAyele e manuSya duHkhane mAryo A nirAzAvAda svIkArI le che. pitAne cUsI letA anyAyI ane asamAna saMjogone namI paDe che. Arthika zoSaNane kudaratI banAva tarIke lekhe che ane AkhA jIvanane pote pAchalA janmamAM

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233 karelAM pApAnI zikSA rUpe mAne che. vedakALamAM jyAre vijetA Aryo hiMdane jItI letA ane hiMdanA mULa vatanIne raMjADatA UtarI paDacA tyAre AmAM eve nirAzAvAda naheAte temaja evA karmane kAyadA paNa nahatA. paNa jyAre anAryane gulAma banAvI Ayae vikarALa zAsana mAMDayAM tyAra pachI e zAsana nIce pIDAtA samA janA eka meATA varga mATe karmonA kAyadAnI jarUra paDI. zeSanA sAgrIteAe evA dharma karmonA kAyadAne ghaDI kADho ane zeTha leAkeAnA nA sAcavavA tathA gulAmIne jALavI rAkhavA janasamAja pAse raju karyA. muddanA samaya sudhImAM vijetA vargoe zarU kareluM zeSaNa vyavasthita thaI gayuM hatuM tathA garIbI, gulAmI ane khIjA sAmAjika duHkhA paNa zANunA ce!kaDAmAMthI janmI cUkayAM hatAM. mahAvIre proAdhele! AtmadhAta karavAne nirAzAvAda tathA mudde upadezailA nirvANavAda e ane te sogeAnI pedAza hatAM. pazcimamAM paNa evA ja saMjogeAmAM izunA pApa para racAyele ane samAnatA tathA anyAcAnA Ukelane avaLe mArge caDhAvatA kAyadA jarUrI lAgyA hatA. e rIte jotAM AkhAe hiMdI lekajIvanamAM karmanA kAyadA e leAkajIvananA pAyA rUpa dekhAI Ave che. e lekajIvananA pIDita sa`joge javAba mAgatA hatA. pIDananA sAcA javAe te samaye jaDe tema na hatuM eTale pIDita samAja pAse AtmadhAta ane nirvANanA nirAzAvAda dharavAmAM AvyA. tattvacittana itihAsanI zarUAtathI Aja sudhI duniyAnA vicArAmAM ajoDa ane sarvoparI evuM sthAna hindanuM tattvacintana bhAgave che. e tattvacintananI zarUAta upaniSadkALathI zarU thaelI gaNAya. pazcimanA tattvacintananI zarUAta grIsamAM thaI che. paNa grIsamAM

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224 cintake jamyA nahatA te pahelAM hiMdamAM upaniSade lakhavAnI zarUAta thaI gaI hatI tethI ema mAnavAmAM Ave che ke pAyathAgorasa, parameniDasa ane pleTane citana upara hindItatvavicAranI amara thaI che ane thelsa, ene kejhImenDara, enekajhImInIsa, hIrekalITasa, anejhArasa tathA IpIkalsa nAmanA zarUAtanA grIka cintake para hindI tatvavicAranI asara bahu ja spaSTa jaNAI Ave che. Aje AkhI duniyAnA cintake hindane cittananA pAraNA tarIke varNave che. ApaNuM upaniSadukALamAM rAjAonA darabAramAM tathA jAhera maMca parathI yAjJavalkaya, azvala, ArtabhAga ane gArgInA. cintananA vAdavivAdo jANe gaI kAlanI ja vAta hoya evA lAge che. tyAra pachInA kALamAM cintakAmAM sarvoparI evA zaMkarane vedAntavAdanI vivecanA karatA sAMbhaLIe chIe tathA eja tatvacintananA siddhAnto Aje lokabhogya bhASAmAM gAmegAmamAM bhalAM bhoLA lokone maDhethI sAMbhaLavAmAM Ave che. prAcIna kALamAM jema bebIloniyAmAM ane dUra pUrvanA bIjA dezamAM vepArIo ubharAtA hatA tema prAcIna hindamAM tattvacitake UbharAtAM hatAM. hinda pAse che tevA vicArane cokkasa ane vyavasthita pravAha duniyAnA eke dezamAM baMdhAyA nathI. duniyAnI koIpaNa bhASAmAM cittananI paribhASA hoya tene karatAM saMskRta bhASAmAM cinanA pAribhASika zabado khUba vadhAre saMkhyAmAM ane vikasita svarUpamAM che. cittanane lagatA saMskRtamAM jeTalA zabdo che teTalAM grIka, leTina ane jarmana traNene eka karIe topaNa citananA teTalA zabdo temAM nathI. hindamAM vikAsa pAmelA cintananA prakArane darzana kahevAmAM Ave che. hindanA cintananA itihAsamAM evAM che darzana athavA cha vicAra paddhattio che. A chamAMnI pahelI vicAra paddhatti nyAya darzana che. vicArane doSa rahIta ane pramANabhUta banAvavAnA prayatnathI e darzananI zarUAta thAya che. e darzanano praNetA

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25 eka gautama nAmanuM tattvacintaka che ane eNe lakhelAM sUtro nyAya sUtra tarIke oLakhAya che. e darzanane mukhya uddeza hindanI bhUmI para khelAtA vAdavivAdanA jaMgane vyavasthita banAvavAnuM tathA carcAnI dRSTie doSarahIta banAvavAnuM hoya ema lAge che. gautama pachI seMkaDo varSe erIsToTale racelA nyAyazAstrathI koI paNa rIte vastu vicAra ke saMkalanAmAM. gautamanuM nyAyadarzana UtaratuM nathI. bIjI vicAra paddhattine vaizeSika darzana kahevAya che. jema gautama hindanA erIsToTala che tema vaizeSika vicArasaraNIne nirmAtA kaNada hindano DemokeTasa che. vaizeSika vicArasaraNanA praNetAne kaNAda nAmanuM (paramANuM bhakSaka) birUda maLyuM hoya ema paNa mAnI zakAya che. vaizeSika vicAssaraNI kyAre nirmANa thaI tenI koI cokakasa tArIkha maLI AvatI nathI paNa te I. pU. 300 varSano samaya haze ema lAge che. kaNade rajU karelI vicArasaraNa jAhera kare che ke paramANuo ane avakAza sivAya bIjA koInuM astitva nathI. paramAe kaI devanI ke bhagavAnanI icchAthI gatimAna thatAM nathI paNa kudaratanA cekakasa kAyadA pramANe ja kriyAzIla rahe che. jema pazcimanA tatvajJAnamAM lIbanIjha nAmanA jarmana tattvacintake paramA. thI zarUAta karI kharI paNa paramANunI gatimAna niyamane ghaDavA mATe bhagavAnanA taraMgamAM Azraya che te pramANe kaNuda pachI tenA anuyAyIoe kaNadanA paramANuonI gatine bhagavAnamAM sthApIne kaNAdanA paramANuvAdanI burI hAlata karI nAkhI. trIjI vicArasaraNIne sAMkhyadarzana kahevAmAM Ave che. e vicArasaraNIno praNetA kapila hato ema mAnavAmAM Ave che. e vicArasaraNImAM vicAranI pakavatA tathA cintanano vikAsa spaSTa dekhAI Ave che. duniyAnA cintananA itihAsamAM sauthI pahelI vAra manuSyanA mananI svataMtratA svIkAra karavAmAM Avyo che tathA mAnasika kriyA prakriyAmAM vizvAsa mUkavAmAM Avyo che. sAMkhya

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226 darzananI zarUAta I. pU. chaso varSa pahelAM thaI hatI. e darzanane praNetA kapila pitAnI vicAraNanI zarUAta duHkhamuktine vicAranA dhyeya tarIke rajU karIne kare che. sAMkhyane artha saMkhyA e thAya che. e vicArasaraNImAM pacIsa tattvonI gaNatrI karavAmAM AvI che tathA kapile rajU karelA vicAra pramANe AkhuM jagata e pacIsa tattvonI banAvaTarUpa che. e vicArasaraNInI zarUAta pite bhautikavAdI hoya evo bhrama UbhuM kare che tathA padArthano vikAsa batAvatI hoya ema lAge che. plesanI jema kapile paNa pite rajU karelA vikAsakramanI paddhatine samajAvavA mATe bhagavAnanI jarUrIAta joI nathI tathA jagatano sarjanahAra kAI brahmA haze evA khyAlane vakhoDI kADhyo che ane jaNAvyuM che ke duniyAmAM je koI vastunuM astitva hoya te te baMdhanayukta ke baMdhanamukta hovuM joIe. bhagavAna jevI vastu hoya te te paNa A bemAMthI eka hevI joIe paNa bhagavAnanI koIpaNa bhAvane A bemAMthI eke saMbhavI zakatI nathI. jema kahevAmAM Ave che tema bhagavAna saMpUrNa hevo joIe paNa je te saMpUrNa hoya te tene duniyA upajAvavAnI kazI jarUra nathI ane je te apUrNa hoya te te bhagavAna nathI. je bhagavAna bhale heta ane enI pAse devI sattA hota te eNe AvuM apUrNa ane duHkhI jagata sajaryuM na hota. AvI AvI AstikavAda ane nAstikavAdanI vicAraNuM te samaye hindI cintake chuTathI ane eka bIjA para julama gujAryA vinA karI zakatA. AjanA vaijJAnike jeTalI zAMti ane dhIrajathI vijJAnanI carcA karI zake che tenA karatAM paNa vadhAre zAMta rIte prAcIna hindanA cintake cintananA judAM judAM varUpanI carcA karI zakatA hatA. paNa kapIla bhautikavAdI nathI. e pite eka AdarzavAdI ane adhyAtmavAdI ciMtaka che. saMvedana athavA iyijJAnamAMthI

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227 AkhI vAstavikatAne ceAjIne e kahe che ke badhI vAstavikatAnA mULamAM vicAra heAya che. je je arzI ane svarUpAnuM bhAna ApaNane ahAranA jagatamAM thAya che te badhuM mAtra mananI racanA che ane eja rIte pacIsa tattvanuM samelana karIne tathA vikAsa kramane UkelavAne! prayatna karIne bhautikavAda tarapha ghasaDAI jatI peAtAnI vicArasaraNIne UMdhI vALavA tathA AdarzavAdI banAvavA AtmAnI bhAvanA mUke che puruSatattva bhautika zaktinuM svataMtra evuM AdhyAtmika e chellA tattva tarIke puruSa athavA ane kahe che ke khIjAM tattvAnI jema ke prakRtinuM sarjana nathI paNa e kevaLa tattva che tathA e tattva dareka kALamAM ane dareka sthaLe hAya che. prakRti peAtAnI meLe vikAsa pAmatI nathI tathA guNa peAtAnI meLe kriya!zIla thatA nathI. prakRti ane tenA guNane gatimAna karanAra puruSatattvanI preraNA che. evuM puspatattva eka sarakhuM ane satra che tathA vyaktitva vinAnuM che. vyaktitva e kevaLa bhautika vastu * che paNa puruSa taMttva vyaktitva vinAnuM heAvAthI ane samagra hAvAthI parivartana pAmatuM nathI ke janmatuM nathI ane bharatuM paNa nathI. janma, maraNu ane parivartana e prakRtinA guNA che, puruSanA nahi. prakRtinI badhI kriyAo tathA badhA guNe e deza ane kALe UbhAM karelAM mAyAnAM svarUpe che. puruSa ane prakRti vaccene bheda nahi jANanArane ja baMdhane Ave che tathA du:khA Ave che. peAtAne purUSa tarIke mAnanAra tathA padArthothI peAtAne svataMtra lekhanAra kAIpaNa mUkta thaI zake che ane deza, kALa, du:kha ane maraNanA kedakhAnAmAMthI UgarI zake che. cAgana dharma ane cintananA vicitra mizraNa jevuM ceAgInuM jIvana prAcIna hiMdamAM rastA parathI jaMgaleAmAM tathA snAna dhAya para dekhavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. ceAganI kriyA karanAra evA yAgIe gharaDA

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228 ane juvAna bane hatA. keTalAka vastra paherelA hatA te keTalAka laMgoTIvALA ane keTalAka to rAkhathI ja zarIra tathA jaTAne lapeTanArA hatA. padmAsana ke siddhAsana vALIne nAkanA agra bhAga para dhyAna sthApIne e leke niSkriya hAlyAcAyA vinA besatA hatA. keTalAka kalAnA kalAka sudhI ane divaso sudhI AMkhanuM ajavALuM olavAI jAya tyAM sudhI sUraja sAme trATaka karatA hatA. keTalAka madhyAnanA dhIkatA tApa nIce AsapAsa agni saLagAvI besatA hatA. keTalAka dhagadhagatAM aMgArA para khulle page cAlatA hatA. keTalAka mAthA para saLagatA kolasA mUkatA hatAM. keTalAka taddana nagnAvasthAmAM bANazayyA para varSonA varSa paryata sUtA hatA. keTalAka pitAne jhADa sAthe bAMdhI rAkhatA hatA ane svecchApUrvaka potAnI jAtane pAMjarAmAM maraNa paryata pUrI rAkhatA hatA. keTalAka potAnI jAtane gaLA sudhI jamInamAM dATI rAkhatA hatA tathA varSo sudhI e sthitimAM rahetA hatA. keTalAka baMne jaDabAM UghaDe nahi e rIte gAlamAM loDhAnA tAra paravatA hatA athavA hoThane sIvI detA hatA ane e rIte potAnA zarIramAM pravAhI padArtho ja reDI zakAya evuM Abhadamana karatA hatA. keTalAka varSonA varSa sudhI evI rIte mUkI vALI rAkhatA hatA ke temanA AMgaLAnA nakha hAthanI bIjI bAju nIkaLI jatA hatA. keTalAka hAtha ke paga karamAI jAya ane maraNa pAme tyAM sudhI UMcA rAkhatA hatA. A uparAMta keTalAka varSo sudhI eka Asane sthira besI rahetA hatA ane leke ApI jAya te phaLaphUla khAtA hatA ane e rIte ekeeka IndriyanA vegane baMdha karI detA hatA ane ekeeka vicArane ekAgra karI detA hatA. ekeeka dezamAM AtmAdamana ane pIDananA AvA prayogo thayA che. hindamAM e prayoganI zarUAta I. sa. pUrve 2500 pahelAMthI thaI che. vaidika kALamAM paNa dhyAna dharavAnA yaugika vidhAna hatA. upaniSado ane mahAbhArate te svIkAryo che. buddhanA samayamAM te vidhAna

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229 sAro AvakAra pAmyAM che. zAMtithI AtmapIDana karavAnI A kriyAo tarapha sikaMdara paNa AkarSAyA hatA tathA yogIo ane yugano abhyAsa karavA lebhA hato. pitAnI sAthe AvIne rahevA sArU ekAda cagIne eNe AmaMtraNa paNa ApyuM hatuM. paNa potAnA TabamAM rahetA DAyojInasanI jema teNe sikaMdarane javAba Apyo hato ke tenI pAsethI gIne kaMI paNa vastu meLavavAnI nahatI. sikaMdaranA AkhI duniyA jItavAnA manoratho joI tenI bAlIzatA tarapha rogIo hasatA hatA ane kahetA hatA ke jIvatAM ane marelAM koI paNa manuSyane thoDA phUTa jamInanI jarUrIAta hoya che. eka egIe sikaMdara sAthe parziyA javA irachA karI paNa te rastAmAM bimAra paDyo ane teNe bimAra rahevA karatAM maraNa pAmavAnI khuzI batAvI. eNe eka moTI citA racAvI. pote te para caDhI gayo ane pachI grIka lokone te saLagAvI mUkavAnuM kahyuM. saLagatI citAmAM te hasato beTho hato. grIka lokee mRtyu sAthenI AvI mahAbata kadI dekhI na hatI tethI sikandaranI AkhI senA A banAvane ajAyabIthI AMkhe phADI joI rahI. tyAra pachI eTale I pU. 150 varSa pahelAM pataMjalie yogasa lakhavA mAMDyAM je Aje yogazAstra tarIke pramANabhUta manAya che. Aje hiMdamAM lagabhaga trIsa lAkha jeTalAM mANase yogasUtramAM AlekhelA ciMtanane svIkAre che. e sUtro dvArA pataMjalie ganI vicArasaraNIne vadhAre vyavasthita ane janAbaddha banAvI che. pataMjalinAM sUtro pramANe cittavRttino nirodha e yoganI kriyA gaNAI tathA yoga athavA saMyogano hetu AtmA athavA Izvara sAthenA saMyogane AlekhavAmAM Avyo. yoganI vicArasaraNI pramANe badhI jAtanA ajJAna ane duHkhanuM kAraNa padArthane gaNavAmAM Avyo ane tethI vegane uddeza AtmAne badhI jAtanAM IndriyonA vyApAro tathA zArIrika rAgamAMthI mukta karIne eka ja jIvanamAM paramAtmA sAthe saMyoga sAdhavAne svIkAravAmAM

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230 AvyA. e sayeAganA sAdhana tarIke Indriyagamya jJAnane baMdha karI IndriyAtIta jJAna meLavavA yaugika mAnAM A sAdhanA ceganI vicArasaraNImAM AlekhavAmAM AvyAM che. evuM pahelu sAdhana yama che. e sAdhana prApta karavuM eTale himA ane brahmacaryAMthI icchAe upara kAbu meLavavA tathA dhAne tyAga karavA. bIjAM sAdhana niyamanuM che. te mAM svacchatA, saMteSa, zuddhi, abhyAsa tathA dharmabhAvanA tA- upadeza karavAmAM AvyuM che. trIjuM sAdhana Asana che. madhanA zarIranI badhI hIlacAlene zAMta karI zArIrika khristA tathA nizcalatA keLavavAne prayatna karavAmAM Ave che. ceAthuM sAdhana prANAyAmanu che. temAM manane zAMta karI prANanuM niyamana kavAmAM Ave che. pAMcamuM sAdhana pratyAhAra che je vaDe nizcala zarIramAM sthira thayelA prANa vaDe tathA zAMta pAmelA manathI IndriyAne tenA badhA viSaye!mAMthI kheMcI laI ekAgra karavAnI hoya che. chaThThuM sAdhana dhAraNA che. e sAdhana vaDe ekAgra anelA manane satya vastunA svarUpa tarapha preravAnuM hoya che. dhAraNA pachInI sthiti dhyAnanI sthiti kahevAmAM Ave che. e sthitimAM dhyAnasta yAgI OMOM nAmana pavitra akSarane mAnasika uccAra kare che. AThamuM sAdhana samAdhi nAmanuM che. pAMcamuM darzIna pR mimAMsA dana che. e darzananA praNetA jaiminI che. eNe pUrva mimAMsAmAM kapila ane kaNAdanI vicArasaraNIne viredha karyo che. jarmana tattvacintaka kanTe rajI karelI vicArasaraNIne maLatI AvatI jaiminInI vicArasaraNI che. ja manIe batAvyuM che ke adhyAtmavAdana! praznanuM nirAkaraNa karavAne manuSyanuM mana e taddana bhakti vastu che. manuSyanI buddhi icchAethI piimata haiAvAthI te satyanA vijJAnanu nirmANa karI zakatI OU

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231 nathI. tethI satya jJAnane rastA pramANuzAstranI AMTIghUMTImAMthI prApta nathI thavAnA, paNa ApaNA dararAjanA AcArAne sudhAravAthI ane zuddha karavAthI thavAne che. chelluM darzona vedAMtavicArasaraNI che. vedAMta zabdanA a vedanA aMta evA thAya che ane vedane ata eTale upaniSadanu tattvajJAna evA karavAmAM Ave che. vedAMte upaniSadanA judA judA vicArapravAhane saMceAjita karI, vicAranA svarUpane dararejanu vyava hArU svarUpa ApI tene leAkeApabhAgya zailImAM vedAMtavicArasaraNImAM rajU karyAM che. e vedAntavicArasaraNI chevaTanA satyane brahma nAme tathA brahmanA AviSkArane AtmA nAme uddeze che. kAi paNa hindI tattvacintananI prathA karatAM vadhAre pramANamAM svIkArAyelI A vedAMtavicArasaraNI bAdarAyaNanA brahmasUtramAM vyavasthita svarUpamAM AviSkAra pAmI che ane tyAra pachI eka hajAra varSe gauDapAde e sUtreA para peAtAnI TIkA lakhI che. tyAra pachI e sUtranI parabhASAmAM zaMkare vedAMtavicArasaraNI dvArA tene vyavasthita vicArasaraNI tarIke rajU karI che. evI vedAMtavicArasaraNIne praNetA hindI ciMtakAmAM sauthI mahAna evA zaMkara che. peAtAnA batrIsa varSanA TUMkA jIvanamAM eNe ajoDa evI sAdhutA, DahApaNu, vidvatA tathA lokapriyatA soMpAdana karyuM!. malabAranA nabudarI brAhmaNAmAM janma pAmI e UgatI juvAnImAM ja sanyAsI banyuM. ene lAgyuM ke sauthI udAtta evI dharmabhAvanA tathA sauthI UMDuM evuM tattvacintana upanide rajU karyuM che. eNe leAkeAnI dhaNA deva-devIenI pUjAne niMdI kADhI tathA sAMkhyanA nAstikavAdane vakhADI kADhayo. eNe buddhanA ajJeyavAda sAme jehAda jagAvI. eNe banArasanI vidyApIThamAM dakSiNa ane uttaramAMthI AvelAM badhA vidvAnane mahAta karyAM tathA vidyArthIonI TUkaDI taiyAra karI hindanA eke eka khUNAmAM vedAMtavAdanA vijayeA karavA ravAnA karI. te pote paNa mahA paMDitene

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W 23ra harAvato tathA carcAo jItatA, hiMdanA sabhAmaMDapa gajAvo ghUmI vaLyo. eNe brAhmaNanI mahattA pharIvAra sthApana karI tathA buddha ane kapilanI vicArasaraNIthI padabhraSTa thaelA brAhmaNane pharIvAra cintananI-vicAraNAnI AgevAnIne tAja paherAvyA. trIsa varSanI ummaramAM ciMtana ane DahApaNanI pracaMDa mUrti jevo zaMkara hiMdane kenTa ane ekavinAsa banI rahyo. eNe vedane devI AviSkAra tarIke svIkAryA. eNe buddhine tenI amaryAdita doTamAMthI aTakAvI dIdhI ane jaNAvyuM ke jaiminI sAce che. buddhine AkharI satya samajAI zakatuM nathI kAraNa ke tenA upara IcchAono amala hoya che ane eka vakIlanI jema te pote vyAghAtmaka vastuo ekI sAthe sAbita karI zake che. e rIte buddhinuM uyana kAMte ayavAdamAM ke nAstikavAdamAM ja pariNAma pAme che, ApaNane buddhinA pramANenI jarUra nathI paNa AMtaradRSTinI jarUra che tathA sArAsAra vastune vivekanI jarUra che. tethI ja ApaNane avalokananI, zodhananI, tathA samajavAnI dRSTinI jarUra che. sAce cintaka jenI buddhi khUba baLavAna hoya te nathI paNa je saMyamI che dhIrajavALe che zAMta che te che. tethI cittananA abhyAsIne pramANuzAstra karatAM AtmazuddhinI ane niyamananI vadhAre AvazyakatA che. AvuM vedAMtadarzana jenA moDhA upara mUcha naheAtI phUTI evA ekavIza varSanA brAhmaNa juvAne rajU karyuM che. enI rajuAta pachI eNe enA udAtta jIvanathI tathA kadI parAbhava na pAme evI buddhinA tejathI hiMdanA khUNe khUNe vedAMtanuM jJAna phelAvyuM che. eNe ekeeka AvAhanano svIkAra karI buddhinI vAtamAM saune mahAta karyA che. ane e rIte cittananA pradezamAM vijayano DaMko vagADI batrIsa varSanI juvAna vaye hiMdane e samartha cintaka himAlayamAM jaIne virAma pAmyo che.

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prakaraNa 12 parAdhIna hinda khUba prAcIna kALathI hiMdu sAthe videzIone vepAra yA karatA hatA. e vepAra sthaLamArga ane jaLamArge ane rastA para thatA hatA. hiMda sAthenA vepArI mArga para adhikAra prApta karavA mATe judAM judAM rASTrA aMdara aMdara kalahu paNa karatAM hatAM. jyAre islAmane udaya thayA ane AmaleAkeA madhyaeziyAnA dezeAmAM patharAvA mAMDayA tyAre dhIme dhIme vepArI mArge musalamAne nA hAthamAM AvyA. AphrikAnA pUrva kinArAthI arabI samudra sudhI Araba kinArA para Araba vepArIonI kAThIe! nakhAI gaI ane hiMdane mAla iTAlInAM e aMdara jInIvA ane venisa thaine yureApa paNa javA lAgyA. hiMdanA vepArI mAnA madhyamAM hAvAthI e ane nagarAM AbAda banI gayAM. e nagarAnI jAheAjalAlI ane dhana dolata joIne yureApanA bIjA dezanA vepArIone paNa hiMda sAthe vepAra karI dhananA bhaMDArA jamAvavAnA umaLakA thaI AvyuM. caudamA saikAmAM yureApamAM eka navA yugane! AraMbha thatA hatA. duniyAnA atyAra sudhImAM nahi zAdhI kADhelA pradezA zodhI kaDhAtA hatA. 1492 mAM kAlambase amerikAneA pattA meLabyA ane batAvI

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234 ApyuM ke ATalAMTika mahAsAgaranI pelI pAra paNa jamInanA pradeza che. phIraMgI leke ghaNA samayathI hiMda pahoMcavAnA rastAo zodhyA karatA hatA. chevaTe 1498 mAM vADIgAbhA AphrikAnA pUrva kinArA para pahoMcyA ane tyAMthI eka gujarAtI bhomiyAne laIne malabAranA kAlIkaTa baMdare Utaryo. dhIre dhIre phIraMgI lekAe pUrvane vepAra Arao pAsethI paDAvI levA mAMDyo ane e vepArathI phIraMgI ke khUba AbAda thavA lAgyA. e AbAdI . jeIne Daca, aMgreja ane phreMca leke e paNa hiMda sAthe vepAra zarU karyo ane hiMdano vepAra ekahaththu karavA mATe e videzI prajAo aMdara aMdara jhagaDavA mAMDI. e vepArI kalahamAM aMgreja lokone vijaya thayo ane I. sa. 176 3 pachI aMgrejano koIpaNa harIpha rahevA pAme nahi. e samaya daramyAna aMgrejoe hiMdanA keTalAka pradezo hAtha karI lIdhA. baMgALa, bihAra, orissA ane karNATakanA putaLAM jevA navAbene ramADavA mAMDyA. e rIte e aMgreja vepArIo hiMdamAMthI lUMTa jevA vepAramAM masAlA, metI, javAhara, hAthIdAMta, DhAkAnuM malamala, murzidAbAdanuM rezama, lakhanaunI chIMTa ane amadAvAdanA dupaTTA vagere sAmAna paradeza laI javA lAgyA ane tyAMthI sIsAnI ane loDhAnI vastuo hiMdamAM vecavA mATe lAvavA lAgyA. evI briTIza vepArI kaMpanI vepArane AkhA deza para vistAravA mATe hiMdanA thoDAka pradeza para rAjakArabhAra paNa karavA lAgI. e rIte hiMdamAM aMgrejonI rAjanaitika mahatvAkAMkSA hiMdanA bhAlanI vepArI lUMTane rakSavA tathA vadhAravAnA uddezathI zarU thaI I.sa. 1750 pahelAM, IMglAMDamAM audyogIka krAntinI zarUAta nahetI thaI te pahelAMnA samayamAM, IglAMDa hindanI jema kevaLa kRSipradhAna deza ha. IglAMDanI audyogika krAMti te samaye nahi thaI hevAthI iglAMDane pitAne mAlane vecavA mATe paradezamAM bajhAra zodhavA nahatAM paDatAM ane te samaye hindanA paradeza sAthenA

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235 vepAramAM hindane keIpaNa jAtanuM nukazAna nahotuM paNa tyArapachI dhIme dhIme IglAMDamAM audyogika krAMti thaI gaI. IglAMDanA kArakhAnAoe mAlane DhagalA banAvavA mAMDyA. IglAMDamAMthI vepArI jamAtanI bhUtAvaLe bhaTakavA lAgI ane hindane pitAnA mAlanuM. bajhAra banAvavA mATenA uddezathI hinda sAthe paNa vepAra zarU karyo. I. sa. 1765mAM hindamAM kADhI nAkhI paDelI IsTa InDiyA kampanIe mogala bAdazAha zAhaAlama pAse baMgALa, bihAra ane orissAnI dIvAnI meLavI tathA e prAMtamAM aMgrejoe jamInano baMdobasta karavA mAMDyo tathA mAlagujhArI vasUla karavA mAMDI. e samayathI aMgreja vepArIonI julmI pIMDhArAzAhI zarU thaI cUkI hatI. hindanI prajA upara e vepArI sattAnA julmI zAsana zarU thaI cUkyAM. e vepArI sarakAre calAvelI vyavasthita lUMTa vize bolatAM mekole paNa kahe che keH "Thirty millions of human beings were reduced to the wretchedness and tyranny with all the strength of civilisation." A aMgreja vepArIono zarUAtane zAsanakALa hindanI janatA mATe eka jabarajasta duSkALa hato. e duSkALanA kAraNamAM kudaratanAM aMdha paribaLo nahotAM paNa vepArI manuSyanAM vyavasthita goThavelAM khUnI paribaLo hatAM. e vepArIoe mAMDelI lUMTamAMthI hiMdano zrImaMta varga, madhyama varga tathA majUra varga eka sarakhI rIte pIDAI rahyA hatA. e pIDana jANe ochuM hoya tema parAdhIna banatA hiMda para kudaratI saMkaTane lIdhe duSkALa UtarI AvatA hatA. evo eka bhayAnaka dukALa 1770 mAM paDyo. e duSkALanuM varNana karatAM eka aMgreja itihAsakAra lakhe che ke,

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236 "The Hoogly every day rolled down thousands of corpses close to the porticoes and gardens of the English Governors. The very streets of Calcutta were blocked up by the dying and the dead." te samayanA ImpIrIala gejheTIaree duSkALamAM lohInuM TIpeTIpuM sukavI nAkhI marI gayelAM lokone 10,000,000 jeTalo AMkaDe bahAra pADyo hato. e duSkALathI zarU karI hiMdamAM jANe eka satata duSkALa cAlI rahyo tathA dara varSe duSkALamAM lAkha mANase khapI javA lAgyAM. 1770mAM ekalA baMgALamAM eka karoDa mANasa marI gayAM. 1783mAM madrAsamAM, 1785mAM uttara hindamAM, 179ramAM ne 1903mAM muMbaI ilAkAmAM, 1807mAM madrAsa ilAkAmAM, 1813mAM muMbaI ilAkAmAM, 1823mAM tathA 1833mAM madrAsa ilAkAmAM, 1837mAM uttara hindamAM tathA 1854mAM madrAsamAM paDelA -bhayaMkara dukALane lIdhe karaDe mANasonA hADapiMjaro rakhaDatAM thaI gayAM tathA duSkALanA pradezamAM eke eka gAmanI bhAgoLe marI gayelAM mANasenA mAthAnA tuMbaDAM athaDAtAM thaI gayAM. duSkALanA pradezapara saDIne sukAI jAya tyAMsudhI lAkho zaba daphanAyA vinA paDI rahetAM hatAM. parAdhIna hiMdamAM zarU thayelAM aMgrejI vepArInA rAjakArabhAramAM A bhayaMkaratA ATalI ja nahotI. game tevAM kAvatrAthI hindanI dhana delatane paradeza ravAnA karatA gavarnaronA pAzavI tAMDava e duSkALa jevAMja bhayAnaka hatAM. rAjakIya kAvAdAvA ane vepArI lUMTaphATamAM kuzaLa evo kalAIva ghera gayo ane briTanamAMthI eka duSkALa jevo bIje gavarnara AvyuM. enuM nAma hesTIMgsa. enA rAjakArabhAranI ekeeka paLe e briTananuM khappara bharI devAnI bUmo mArate hato ane enA khapparamAM lAkhe mAthAM hemAtAM hatAM. hiMdI dolatane varasAda varasate hatA.

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237 jANe hiMdanA dehane kaI bhayaMkara pIDana cUsatuM hatuM. jANe hiMdI zarIranAM aMga chedAI rahyAM hatAM. hiMdI svamAna bhayAnaka apamAna pAmatuM hatuM. kakaLatA hiMdane kaMTha jhAlI gore gavarnara paisA mAgato ha, dANa mAgato hato, jAta mahenata mAgatA hatA. aMgreja vepArInA naphA mATe eNe calAvelI luMTa vijetAo mATe hatI. pitAne sudharelI mAnatI aMgreja prajA mATe hatI. A lUMTaphATanAM damanazAhI cakakare nIce hiMdI prajA cagadAI rahI hatI. e hesTIMgsa baMgALanAM, navAbanI prajAne banne bAraNethI lUMTI. eNe AlhAbAdanI prajAne ahAnA navAba pAse rUpiyA pacAsa lAkha paDAvI vecI dIdhI. eNe sujAudaulA sAthe kAvavuM karI sATha lAkha paDAvyA. eNe hiMdanI prajAne, hiMdanAM strI-purUSo ane bALakone paNa rehalAnI lhAra nIce vADhI nakhAvyAM. rohIlAo pAsethI rUpiyAnA DhagalA paDAvI lUMTanA paravAnA ApyA. eNe eke eka salAhane paga nIce kacaDI nAkhI. eNe sadhIe ane ApelA vacano cAvI khAdhAM. eNe briTananA vepArIonA bhaMDAra hiMdamAMthI lUMTAyelAM senAnA DhagalAthI bharI dIdhA. eNe nirdoSa naMdakumArane phAMsIne mAMcaDe caDhAvI dIdho. eNe ayodhyAnI begamane ghera joLe dahADe dhADa pADI. 1885mAM eNe hiMda choDyuM tyAre enI pAchaLa hADapiMjara hasatAM hatAM. ghavAyelI hiMdI janatAnA citkAra UThatA hatA. aMgreja zrImaMtazAhI briTananuM AMgaNuM zaNagArI eNe ANelI lUMTa para mustAka beThI hatI. briTAniyA e ghera gayelA dIkarAnA gAla paMpALatI hatI paNa briTananI rAjasattA kahevAtI prajAtaMtravAdI hatI tathA sudharelI hatI. eTale eNe hiMdanI janatAnAM khUna varasAvanAra e heTIMgsa para kesa mAMDyo. te samayanA hesTIMgsanI hiMdI sarakAranI samitimAM ja eka baka nAmane aMgreja hato eNe e khUnI gavarnara para kopa kADhatAM kahyuM ke:-- "I impeach him in the pame of the commons house of the parliament whose trust he has betrayed, I impeach.

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238 1 "him in the name of the English nation whose ancient honour he has soiled, I impeach him in the name of the people of India whose rights he has trodden under foot and whose country he has turned into a desert, lastly in the name of human nature itself, in the name of both sexes, in the name of every age, in the name of every -rank, I impeach the common enemy and oppressor of all." e nyAya naheto. nATaka hatuM. zrImaMtonI sarakArane barkanuM bhASaNa kaMIja asara karI zakyuM nahi. e vepArIonI sarakAre sAta varSa sudhI eno kesa labAvyo paNa Akhare e kesanA cUkAdAmAM pitAnI vepArI jAta barAbara parakhAvI dIdhI. aMgreja rAjasabhAe e khUnI gavarnara janaralane nirdoSa TharAvI cheDI mUkyo ane briTananI sarakAranA gerA pradhAnee ene khUNAmAM bolAvI ene baraDo thAbaDyo. briTananA bAdazAhe ene AzIrvAda ApyA. hindanI lUMTamAMthI maLelA bhAgamAMthI eNe briTananI bhUmi para eka me mahAlaya jaNAvyo. hindI prajA duHkhanI bhayAnakatAthI jhabakIne jAgatI hatI. sItamanA zoSaNathI AghAta pAmIne UThatI hatI. hindI janatAnA dehano ekeeka paramANuM hindanI keDa para cAlatI karapINa karavatanI vedanAmAM pikArI uThyo hato. enA pachI thoDA varSe eka bIjo Avyo. enuM nAma DelhAusI hatuM. eNe dezI rAjAono mulka pacAvI pADavAne kAyado ghaDI kADhyo. e kAyadAe satArAne sapaDAvyuM. jhAMsIne jhaDapI lIdhuM. nAgapuramAM adhikAra besADyo ane ayodhyAne khAlasA karyuM. ene rAjadaMDa rAjasthAnamAM khAlasA karavAnA dAva khelI rahyo. e badhAnA pariNAmamAM ribAtI hindI janatAne rAjAono sAtha maLe. rAjAo roSe bharAyA hatA ane maraNIA

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239 thayA hatA. leke leAhI nigaLatA beThA hatA. hindasvAtaMtryanA pahelA saMgrAmanAM sUkAna maMDAtAM hatAM. rAjAemAMnA keTalAka AgevAnI letA hatA. hindanI dhIkhI uDelI dharatI nIce 1857mAM pahelA sagrAmanA vyuha racAtA hatA. gerI sarakAranI nekarI karatA hindI sipAI e paNa dhUMdhavAtA hatA. briTananI vepArI sarakAre khaMDera banAveluM hindu aMdarathI khakhaDatuM hatuM. briTananI vepArI sarakAranA kArabhAra para apazukaniyALa vAdaLa gherAtAM hatAM. e saunA pariNa!ma rUpa 1857ne baLave phATI nIkaLye, e aLavA jotajotAmAM AkhA hindumAM patharAI gayA. aMgrejazAhIne peAtAnI saltanatane aMta AvatA dekhAyA paNa e baLavAmAM saradArI rAjAenA hAthamAM heAvAthI tathA rASTrIya jAgRti joI e tevI na heAvAthI baLaveA dAbI devAmAM AvyA. baLavAkhera zaherane tArAja karavAmAM AvyAM ane baLavAvALA pradezapara ekadhArI katala calAvavA mAMDI. baLavAnA pakaDAyelA kedIone meTI meTI saMkhyAmAM vidhI nAkhavAmAM AvyAM ane phrAMsIe laTakAvavAmAM AvyAM. kAMsInA mAMcaDA khUTI jatAM lekAne jhADanI DALIe laTakAvavAmAM AvyAM. 1857nA viplavanI pahelAMthI hindI jAgRtinA baMdhAraNIya svarUpe! paNa zarU thaI cUkayAM hatAM. 1851mAM kalakattAmAM briTiza IMDiyana eseAziesananI sthApanA thaI hatI. 1853mAM muMbaI ane madrAsa eseziesananI sthApanA thaI hatI. 1870mAM pUnAmAM sAjanika sabhA kAyama banI. 1876mAM surendranAtha benarajI tathA Ana meAhana basunA prayatnathI InDiyana eseziezana kAyama thaI. 1884mAM dIvAnabahAdUra raghunAtharAvane ghera ceAvIsa jaNu bhegAM maLyAM. e cevIse jaNanA hRdayamAM na samajAya tevA UbharA AvatA hatA. hindanI meTAnA svapnA AvatA hatA. emane hinduta| bhavya bhUtakALa yAda AvatA hateA. e ceAvIsamAM

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240 madrAsanA eka vaDA nyAyAdhIza hatA. kalakattAnA eka jabarA vakta hatA tathA muMbaIthI dAdAbhAI AvyA hatA. e sahunI AMkhamAM hindanI janatAnI leAhIthI kharaDAyelI dharatI para dilhInA darabAra dhasamasatA dekhAteA hateA. e saunI najara sAme virATa mAnava medanI taravaratI hatI. hindane Ave! le!samAja hindanI ja mukti mATe eka divasa bhegA maLaze ema emane lAgatuM hatuM. I. sa. 1884mAM madrAsamAM bheLA maLelA e ceAvIsa DAvAe hindabharamAMthI hindanA pratinidhine khelAvI eka hindI mahAsabhA sthApavAnA niradhAra karyo. kacaDAtI ane AitI hindI janatAnI baLavAkheAvRttine dAkhI devA ane e vRttine kAI baMdhAraNIya dhAraNanuM svarUpa ApavA hyuma nAmanA eka aMgreja mahAzaya paNa vicArI rahyA hatA. 1884nA DIsembara mAsamAM adIAra mukAme thIesejhIsTonuM vArSika adhivezana thayuM tyAre tyAM bheLA thaelA surendranAtha benarajI, kAzInAtha tryaMbaka tailaga tathA dAdAbhAI navarAjajI sAthe paNa hyuma mahAzaye vATAghATa karI ane 1885nA DIsembaramAM pUnAmAM eka rAjanaitika sabhA sthApana karavA mATe dezanA pratinidhine melAvavAne nizcaya thaye|. paNa 1885mAM pUnAmAM agavaDa hovAne lIdhe hindI mahAsabhAnuM paheluM adhivezana muMbaimAM thayuM. e hyuma mahAzayane mahAsabhAnA pitA heAvAnuM mAna ApavAmAM Ave che paNa sAcI rIte hindI mahAsabhAnI zarUAta karanAra rASTrIya ane AMtararASTrIya sa`bhUMgA hatA. e sogeAmAM aMgrejoe mAMDeluM damanarAnya, eka pachI eka AvelA bhayaMkara duSkALe, 1857 nA aLave tathA adhAnayu vagere hatA. e samaye raziyAne IMgleMDanuM jabarajasta pratipakSI mAnavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. hindamAM judAM judAM sthaLAe baLavAkhAra guptamaMDaLeAnI racanA thaI rahI hatI. DhAkAmAM azAMti vadhatI ja jatI hatI. hindI mahAsabhAnuM paheluM

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241 adhivezana maLyuM. e adhivezanamAM rAjA rAmapAlanI AMkhe camakI UThI. bIjAMonI jema enI jIbhane mavAla zabdo na gamyA. pahelI hindI mahAsabhA enA avAjamAM hindanA jIvanane jIvatuM joI rahI. e belato hato "e briTananI jAherajalAlI game tevI moTI hoya, enA irAdA game teTalA meTA hoya topaNa mane kahevA do ke mukAbale eNe ApaNe nAza karyo che. game te kALanA hindane enI sAthenA saMbaMdhathI zeka karavAno raheze." tyAra pachI 1888mAM mahAsabhAnuM cothuM adhivezana AlhAbAdamAM maLyuM. e adhivezanamAM ghuma mahAzaye koMgresanA uddezane spaSTa karatAM kahyuM ke "hiMdI mahAsabhAne uddeza lokonI manovRttine e rIte badalavAno che ke hiMdanA loko vAdavivAdadvArA pArlAmenTarI zelI pramANe potAnA dezane prabaMdha karatAM zIkhe, dhuma mahAzaye gavarnara janarala lorDa DapharIna sAhebane paNa e jAtanI salAha ApI hatI, ane e bAbatanI anumati meLavI hatI. e rIte rAjakArabhArIonA AzIrvAda meLavIne hindI mahAsabhAno vicAra to mUkyo hato. lorDa DapharInano khyAla evo hato ke hiMdI janatAnI baLavAkhora vRttine e rIte dAbI devAmAM Avaze ane tyAra pachI e hiMdI mahAsabhAne baMdha karI devAmAM Avaze. AraMbhamAM kegresano uddeza zuddha rIte rAjanaitika na hato, lorDa lITananA samayamAM jyAre varnAkyulara presa eTa pAsa thayA tyAre surendranAtha benarajIe teno virodha karatAM kahyuM ke "ethI hiMdIonI rAjabhaktine breka lAgaze." e uparAMta benarajI mahAzaye rANuM vikaTeriyA tarapha bhArata varSanI bhakti asaMdigdha che tevo ullekha paNa karyo hato. briTaza zAsakonA jUThAM vacano para benarajI mahAzayane meTo vizvAsa hato paNa pachIthI dhIme dhIme evI meha nidrA tUTavA lAgI. tathA vAstavika paristhitinI samaja paDavA lAgI,

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242 jyAre ikSmaTa bilanA ghera virodha eMglA InDiyana samudAye karyAM tyAre aMgreja vepArI sarakAramAM rAkhelI emanI AzAe tUTI paDI. ane AgaLa jatAM jyAre sarakAre pAte kaoNMgresane virAdha karavA zarU karyAM tyAre emane ema paNa lAgI gayuM ke hindIoe briTiza sarakAra pAsethI nyAyanI AzA kadI paNa rAkhavI nahi. dara varSe kAMgresanuM adhivezana maLatuM hatuM. ane aMgreja sarakAra pAse vinati karatA TharAva pasAra thatA hatA. e harAve lazkarI kharca ghaTADavA viSenA, hiMdanI garIkhI viSe upAya karavA viSenA, hiMdamAM ja sivila sarvIsanI parIkSAne prabaMdha karavAnA tatha! mIThAne kara ghaTADavA viSenA hatA. uparAMta khIjA baMdhAraNIya sudhArA meLavavAnA TharAve| pasAra thatA hatA. mahAsabhAe, IMDiyA kAunsIlane nAbUda karavI joIe evA TharAva pasAra karyAM hatA. paraMtu briTiza sarakAre mahAsabhAnI e yAcanAo dhyAnamAM lIdhI nahi ne 1892mAM e mAgaNIenI upara upahAsa karatA hoya tema hiMdI mahAsabhAnI jheLImAM ceDA sudhArAnA TUkaDAo pheMkayA. dhIme dhIme hindane jaNAtuM hatuM ke bhASaNA karavAthI ke TharAvA pasAra karavAthI kAMI thaI zakavAnuM nathI. dhIme dhIme briTiza sarakAra parane leAkeAnA vizvAsa uThI jatA hatA tathA peAtAnA pagapara UbhA rahIne kAma karavAnuM satya samajAtuM hatuM. pachI lADa karajhanane zAsanakALa AvyeA. 1901 mAM kRSi vibhAga khAlavAmAM Avye tathA 1904 mAM sahakArI maMDaLIne kAyadA pasAra thayeA. paNa vyavasthita cAlatA zASaNamAM bhayaMkara bhUkhamarA ane garIkhImAM UMDI ne UMDI UtaratI hindI janatA mATe AvA sudhArA upahAsarUpa hatA. mahAsabhAe peAkAra karyo ke hindunuM badhuM dhana IMgleMDamAM DhasaDAI jAya che te baMdha karo nahi tyAM sudhI hindanI zakavAnI nathI. 1901 thI hindI mahAsabhAe vadhAravA upara jora devA mAMDayuM ane mahAsabhAnA adhivezananI garIbAI dUra thaI audyogika zikSaNa

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243 sAthe sAthe hindI udyoganuM prathama pradarzana bharyuM. paNa AthI hindanI garIba-janatAne koI paNa jAtano phAyade thatuM nahote. hindI udyoganA vikAsa upara bhAra mUkavAthI hindanA jamInadAre, zrImati tathA zeDa madhyama varganA mANasoneja lAbha hato. leDa lITananI jema lorDa karjhana paNa aMgrejI bhaNelAM hindI tarapha tiraskArathI joto hato. kalakattA vizvavidyAlayanA padavIdAna samAra bha vakhate lorDa karjhane hindIonI ThekaDI karatuM tathA bhAratIya sabhyatAne upahAsa karatuM bhASaNa ApyuM. I. sa. 1905 mAM karjhane baMgALanA bhAgalA pADavAno hukama karyo. baMgALanA bhAga pADI e rIte sarakAra baMgALI juvAnonI zaktine kSINuM karavA mAgatI hatI tathA temanI rAjakIya jAgRtino nAza karavA mAgatI hatI. baMgALI lokoe sarakAranA A pharamAnane sakhata virodha karyo. dareka ThekANe sabhA bharAI ane sarakArane Avedana patra mokalAyAM. baMgALanA zarIra para karavata mUkatI sarakArano virodha karavAne baMgALe dRDha saMkalpa karyo. baMgALI janatAnI jabara hilacAla zarU thaI. vilAyatI vastuone bahiSkAra belAyo, baMgALamAM ajaba jAgRti AvI gaI. jyAMtyAM vaMdemAtaramanA zabdo saMbhaLAyA, svadezI ane bahiSkAranI dhUma macI rahI, baMgALanA savAlane AkhI mahAsabhAe pitAno banAvya, ItihAsanA e saMjogee loka hilacAlamAMthI mahAsabhAmAM eka uddAma vargane janma Apyo. paraMtu mahAsabhAmAM e vakhate mavAla daLanuM Adhipatya hatuM. ane jahAla pakSanA netAemAM lokamAnya tilaka, bipinacaMdra pAla, aravindoSa, tAthA lAlA lajapatarAya hatA. A jahAlavargane prabhAva baMgALa ane mahArASTramAM vizeSa hate. dhIme dhIme juvAne e jahAla vargamAM joDAtA hatA. mavAla pakSa baMdhAraNIya upAyothI ja potAnA uddezane pAra pADavA icchato hato ane jahAla pakSa parataMtra dezapara ladAyeluM kAI paNa zAsana vidhAna kAmanuM nathI ema mAnato hato. enuM kahevuM ema

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244 hatuM ke koI paNa prakAre saMpUrNa svAtaMtrya hAMsala karavuM joIe. I. sa. 1906 mAM kalakattAmAM dAdAbhAI navarejInA pramukhapaNA nIce mahAsabhAnI beThaka maLI. e adhivezanamAM aupanivezika zAsana e zabdano prayoga thaya. lokamAnya tilakanuM ema mAnavuM hatuM ke svarAja e amAro janmasiddha hakka che ane te prApta karazuM. AThamI phebruArI 1908mAM rUsajApAnayuddha zarU thayuM. cIne paNa pitAnA gharane sudhAre yupIya paddhati para karo zarU karyo hatA. A badhA AMtararASTrIya banAvanI asara hinda para paNa paDatI hatI. 1905mAM raziyAmAM krAnti thaI. tathA bhumAnI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI. 1908mAM turka yuvakee turkImAM paNa pheraphAra karavA mAMDyA. baMgALamAM TheraThera bahiSkAranI laData zarU thaI gaI vidyArthIonAM AMdalane kAbumAM rAkhavA sarakyulara nIkaLyo.. vaMdemAtaramane uccAra karavo e gerakAyadesara manAyuM. bArIsAlamAM azvanIkumAra dejo bahiSkAranI laDatane joradAra banAvI. e samaye kAIka aMgreja menejarane vilAyatI kApaDanI jarUra paDI paNa azvanikumAranI anumati vinA keI paNa dukAna vilAyatI kApaDa vecI zake tema nahotuM. chellA mejIsTreTe azvanIkumAra dattane prArthanA karI ane tyAre ja azvanIbAbunI anumatithI aMgrejane kapaDuM maLyuM. A samaye pUrva baMgALano gavarnara phulara hato. ene A banAvathI gusso caDhI gayo ane lorDa karjhanane maLavA paDyo. pachI AsAmathI gurakhA palTana bArIsAla belAvavAmAM AvI. pulara sAheba bArIsAla AvyA ane azvanIkumAra vagere kAryakartAnuM apamAna karavA mAMDyuM. te ja samaye bArIsAlamAM pariSada maLatI hatI. paripadane aMge eka saraghasa nIkaLyuM. saraghasa para lAThImAra calAvavAmAM Avyo. 1907mAM rAjanaitika sabhAone baMdha karavA viSene eka kAnUna banAvavAmAM Avyo. lAlA lajapatarAya tathA saradAra achatasiMhane eka jUnA kAyadA pramANe dezanikAla karavAmAM AvyA.

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245 kriImInala laoN emenDamenTa ekaTa pasAra thayo tathA baMgALanA nava netAone dezanikAla karavAmAM AvyA. 1910mAM presa ekaTa pasAra karavAmAM Avyo ane dezanuM vANa-svAtaMtrya jhaDapAI gayuM. have sarakAra hiMdane thoDA sudhAra ApavA mAgatI hatI. ane sAthosAtha hiMdIonuM baLa toDavA mAgatI hatI. 1906 mAM mie protsAhana ApI muslIma lIganI sthApanA karAvI. lIganA uddezamAM musalamAnonI rAjabhaktinI ghoSaNA karavAmAM AvI. e rIte bhaMgANane uttejanA bhaLI tathA musalamAnonI dekhAdekhIthI 1909 mAM paMjAbamAM hiMdusabhAnI sthApanA thaI. A rIte hiMdu ane musalamAna baMnenI tAkAta ochI thatI gaI. e sAthe ja 1911 mAM baMgabhaMga rada karI devAmAM Avyo. paNa have musalamAnonI AMkho UghaDatI hatI. ane temane potAnA sAmrAjyavAdI hitonA rakSaNa mATe ramakaDAM banAvatI sarakAra oLakhAtI hatI. 1912 ane 1913 mAM turkIne yuropa sAthe yuddha thayuM. e yuddha bakana yuddha nAme oLakhAya che. e yuddhamAM briTiza sarakAra tuka sAme hatI. hiMdanA muslImenI sahAnubhUti tuka sAthe hatI. tukane saradAra muslImone khalIphA gaNAto hato. hiMdanA muslImAe turkIne madada karI tathA e loke tukanA rASTravAdI yuvakonA saMbaMdhamAM paNa AvyA. tethI temane khabara paDI gaI ke briTizanI paradezanIti islAmanI tAkAtane kamajora karavA mATe ja hatI. e rIte bhAratanA muslIma paNa aMgrejonA virodhI banI gayA. muslIma lIganI nIti badalAI gaI. atyAra sudhI muslIma lIge rAjakIya sudhArA mATe prayatna nahoto karyo, paNa 1913 mAM lIgano uddeza paNa mahAsabhAnI jema aupanivezika svarAjano banyo. hiMdu muslIma ekatA sadhAI tathA e ekatAmAM ADakhIlI rU5 briTiza sarakAranA geDIA jevA AgAkhAna sabhApatinA yudathI alaga thaI gayA.

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- 246 1915 mAM mahAsabhAnA mavAla pakSanA netA gokhale tathA phIrojazAha maraNa pAmyA. mavAla pakSanI zakti kSINa thaI ane dhIme dhIme jahAla pakSane prabhAva vadhavA mAMDyo. 1916 mAM lokamAnya tilaka tathA enIbisenTa homarUla lIganI sthApanA karI tathA dezamAM eka vyApaka AMdolanane AraMbha thaI cUkyo. 1914 thI vizvayuddhanI zarUAta thaI cUkI hatI. tenI sAthe sAthe hiMdamAM viplavavAda paNa tIvra banate jato hato. jarmanInI madadathI aMgrejI zAsanane nAza karavAnI taiyArIo cAlI rahI hatI. amerikAmAM sthapAelI gadara pArTIe hiMdamAM viplava karavA thoDA zikha kArya kartAone ravAnA karyA hatA. baMgALa ane paMjAbamAM rAjakIya lUMTaphATa tathA khUnA marakInI zarUAta thaI cUkI hatI. viplavane divasa paNa nirmAyo hate. 1915 nA phebruArInI ekavIsamI tArIkhe tenI zarUAta nizcita thaI cUkI hatI. paNa e zarUAta thAya te pahelAM sarakArane tene patto maLe. sarakAre vigrahanuM damana karavA DIphensa opha inDiyA ekaTa pasAra karyo tathA viplavavAdIone nAza karavA mAMDayo. bIjI bAju homarUlanuM AMdolana jora pakaDatuM hatuM. hiMdu muslIma ejyane lakhanau ekaTa thayo. have hiMdane ghaDIbhara zAMta karavA tathA hiMdanA pUchapatione ane madhyama varganA thoDAka mANasone saMtoSavA briTiza sarakAre eka sudhAre ghaDI kADhayo hato. - I. sa. 1919mAM hinda mATe pAlAmenTa eka kAnUna banAvyo. e kAyadAmAM baMdhAraNIya sudhArA ApavAmAM AvyA. hindIone thoDI vadhAre pagAranI jagyAo ApavAmAM AvI. prAMtIya zAsananA be bhAga pADavAmAM AvyA. emAMnA eka vibhAgane surakSita kahevAya che ane bIjA vibhAgane hastAMtarita vibhAga tarIke oLakhAya che. pahelo vibhAga sarakArane AdhIna rAkhavAmAM Avyo tathA e vibhAgane suprata thayelAM khAtAM sarakAranI sIdhI hakumata nIce rAkhavAmAM AvyAM. bIjA vibhAgamAM cUMTaNIthI maMtrIo nImavAmAM

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AvyA. e zAsana dvicakrazAsana athavA DAyarI'nA nAmathI oLakhAya che. sAthe sAthe briTananA kArabhArIo hindamAM udyogane vikAsa karavAno paNa vicAra karI rahyA hatA. 1916 mAM iDiyA iDasTrIala kamizana nimAyuM. 1918 mAM e kamIzane potAno rIporTa rajU karyo. hinda kevaLa kRSipradhAna deza rahe ema sarakAranI nIti badalAtI hatI. tathA yuropIya yuddhanuM kAraNa e nItimAM parivartana lAvatuM hatuM. hindamAM amuka pramANamAM udyoge phelAvAnI nIti zarU thatI hatI. briTiza sarakAre dekhyuM hatuM ke yuddhanI paristhitimAM sAmrAjyanA rakSaNa mATe hindamAM thoDA udyoganI unnati thAya te paNa icchavAjoga che. e uparAMta IglAMDanA mUDIvAdanA lAbhane mATe hindanA udyoganI vRddhi karavAnI jarUra jaNAI hatI, e badhAM uparAMta vyApAra vyavasAyanA iMglaMDane purANe ekAdhikAra naSTa thayo hato tathA amerikA, jarmanI, ane jApana jevA pradeza che glaMDanI hariphAImAM UtarI cUkyA hatA. yurepanA sAmrAjyavAdoe haDapa karelA eziyAnA bajhAronI navI vahecaNI karavA mATe ja A vizvayuddha saLagI UThayuM hatuM. e badhI paristhitione vicAra karI IglaDe pitAnI mUDIne thAka bhAga hindamAM rokavAno nirdhAra karyo. kAraNa ke hindamAMthI kAco mAla sahelAIthI maLI zakato hato tathA hindanI majUrI saMghI hatI. e kAraNathI briTiza mUDIne sahAya karavA mATe briTana sarakAre eka navI audyogika nIti dhAraNa karI. A pramANe briTiza mUDIvAdIoe hindamAM navA navA vyavasAye kholavA mAMDyA. ane vizvayuddha samApta thatAM ja loDhAnAM ane polAdanAM kArakhAnA UghaDavA mAMDyA. dhIme, dhIme hindamAM ghaNA pramANamAM aMgrejI kaMpanIo rajIsTarDa banI gaI tathA pitAne kArabhAra karavA lAgI. Aje hindamAM aMgrejonI moTI mUDI kArakhAnAmAM rokAyelI che tathA vadhatI jAya che. Aje chaso cotrIsa kaMpanIo hindamAM kArabhAra kare che. e kaMpanIoe

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248 hindamAM keilI mUDI sADAsAta kha rUpiyA che. uparAMta ekAvanase ceAraNuM kaMpanI evI che ke je hindamAM ja rajIsTarDa thayelI che jenI mUDI traNa kha rUpiyA jeTalI che. I. sa. 1911 mAM phIskala kamizana nimAyuM, e kamizane eka sthAyI TerIpha beDanI sthApanA karI tathA hindamAM rokAyelI paradezI mUDIne rakSaNa apAyuM, 1924mAM leADhAnA tathA peAlAdanA vyavasAyane surakSita banAvavAmAM AvyA. yuddha pahelAMnA samayamAM briTIza sarakAranA virodha karanAra madhyama varganA leAkeA hatA, tathA jamInadArA ane zrImaMtA rAjabhakto hatA. e samaya para kisAna ane kAmadArAnA evAM kAI paNa vargIya sa'gaDhanA hatAM nahi. mahAsabhAe paNa hiMdI janatAnA uddAranA kAI paNa vicAra karyAM na hatA. e vakhate sarakAranuM kAma ekalA madhyama vargane dabAvavAnuM hatuM tathA ekalA jamInadAre ane zrImAne sa MteSavAnuM hatuM. paNa yuddha pachInA samayamAM leAkajAgRti AvatI jatI hatI. tathA madhyama varganA leAkeAne paNa sudhArAo ApI satASavA paDaze evuM bhAna sarakArane AvatuM jatu hatu. te mATe dvIcakrazAsananI nIti akhatyAra karavAmAM AvI hatI. enAthI briTiza vepAraudyogane rakSaNa maLyuM hatuM. udyogapati tathA vepArIe! sa MtuSTa thatA hatA, tathA mahAsabhAnA mavAla pakSane sarakAre zAsana kSetramAM hissedAra banAvI mahAsabhAmAMthI alaga karyA hatA. ane peAtAnI sAthe milAvI dIdhAM hatAM. mahAsabhAnA jahAla pakSa A sudhArAthI saMtuSTa nahatA, ane tene nakAmA samajatA hatA. paNa mavAla pakSanA leke e sudhAraNAnI ye!janAne amalamAM mUkavA macI paDacA hatA. paNa e samaye mahAsabhA para jahAla pakSane kAbu hateA tene lIdhe sarakArane sAtha ApavA mATe mavAla pakSanA netAone mahAsabhAmAMthI nIkaLI javuM paDayuM. DaoN. bisenTane prabhAva paNa narama paDI gayA. hemarUlanI alakha jagAvanAra eNe mahAsabhAne! tyAga karI mavAla pakSa sAthe milApa karyo.

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240 e badhA mavAla pakSanA netAoe lIbarala pheDarezana nAmanI potAnI eka alaga saMsthA sthApI. bIjI bAju lokahilacAlanuM AMdolana paNa AgaLa vadhatuM hatuM. yuropIya yuddhanA samayamAM viplavane kacaDavA mATe thayelA Diphensa opha inDiyA ekaTanI madadathI hindanA juvAnone jakaDI levAmAM AvyA. 1918mAM roleTa kamizana nimavAmAM AvyuM. e kamizane rajU karelA ahevAla pramANe sarakAre 1919mAM be bIla rajU karyA je kALA kAyadAnA nAme prasiddha che. aDhAramI mArcaane divase e bIla pasAra thayuM. e samaye e kAyadAne teDavA mATe gAMdhIjIe eka kamiTi nImI. satyAgrahanI pratijJA karI ane trIsamI mArce hindabharamAM haDatALa pADavAnuM jAhera karyuM. 1919nA mArcanA trIsamA divase AkhuM hinda haDatALa para gayuM. gAMdhIjI, yuddhano AraMbha thayA pachI dakSiNa AphrikAmAMthI AvI pahoMcyA hatA, paNa hindanI rAjanItimAM koI vizeSa bhAga letA na hatA. gokhalenI salAhathI e eka varSa sudhI hindanI paristhitino mAtra abhyAsa karatA hatA. tyArapachI gAMdhIjIe sAmAjika sudhAre hAthamAM lIdho hato. sarakAre e samaye gAMdhIjIno khUba Adara karyo ane temane kasarehindane suvarNacandraka bheTa Apyo. yuddhanA samayamAM gAMdhIjIe sarakArane khUba madada karI hatI. 1918mAM gAMdhIjIe kahyuM hatuM ke yudhdhamAM sarakArane madada karavI e svarAja meLavavAno sIdho ane saraLa upAya che. gAMdhIjIe gujarAtanA lokone briTananA sAmrAjyavAdanA lazkaramAM joDAvAnI apIla karI. paNa paristhiti badalAtI hatI. potAnA naphA mATe hiMdanA vatanIone kapAvI nAkhanAra briTiza zAhIvAdanI bAjI khullI paDatI hatI. sAmrAjyavAdanA hAvabhAvamAM phasAI gayelA gAMdhIjInI UMgha paNa UDatI hatI. ane releTa ekaTane virodha thato hato. gAMdhIjIe AphrikAmAM ajamAveluM satyAgrahanuM hathiyAra sarakAra sAme uThAvyuM. tathA lokazaktinA nAmamAM zAhIvAdane

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250 paDakAra karyo. gAMdhIjInuM satyAgrahanuM hathiyAra lAya, there ane raskinanA vicAra para ghaDAyuM hatuM tathA satya ane ahiMsAnA vyaktivAdI khyAla para racAyuM hatuM. hiMdIone mATe satyAgrahano Avo sAmudAyika prayAga pahele hate. e prayogamAM rAjasattA sAme lokasattA mukAbale caDI hatI. gAMdhIjIe e lokazaktine eka senApatine chAje tevA zabdothI uttejI hatI. pariName je zaktine gAMdhIjIe jagADI hatI te zakti joradAra banatAM viplavanA mArga para caDI jatI hatI. amadAvAda tathA amRtasaramAM ramakhANa thayAM. lazkaranI madadathI sarakAre lokone kacaDI nAkhyA. gAMdhIjIe pote himAlaya jevaDI bhUla karI che ema kahIne satyAgrahane saMkelI lIdhe ane zAMtinI sthApanA karavA mATe sarakArane madada karI. ramakhANe zamI gayAM hatAM paNa sarakAranI damananIti pAchI kheMcAI nahatI. sarakAre 919 nA eprilanI teramI tArIkhe jalIyAMvAlA bAgamAM eka bhayaMkara atyAcAra karyo. AkhA paMjAba para gujarAMvAlA, amRtasara tathA kasura vagere sthAnomAM lokene viMdhI nAkhavAmAM AvyAM, jAhera rIte phaTakA mAravAmAM AvyA. piTa para calAvavAmAM AvyA tathA aneka rIte pIDavAmAM AvyA. milkata japta karavAmAM AvI. sarakAre zarU karelA A bhayaMkara damanarAjyathI Akho hiMda khaLabhaLI UThyo. sarakAre A damananIti calAvatA amaladArane abhinaMdana ApyAM. gAMdhIjIne A samaye sarakArI manovRttine spaSTa khyAla Avyo. gAMdhIjIe sarakArane beara yuddha samaye tathA jhUlu lokoe karelA viplava vakhate khUba madada karI hatI tathA yuropIya mahAyuddhamAM briTizanI madadamAM hiMdI janatAne jeDI hatI. 1920mAM mahAsabhAnA adhivezanamAM ahiMsAtmaka asahakAranI nItine svIkAra thayo tathA svadezI ane bahiSkAranI yojanAne paNa svIkAravAmAM AvI. sarakAre kegresanA svayaMsevaka daLane gerakAdesara jAhera karyuM. 1921 mAM amadAvAdanI mahAsabhAe satyAgrahanI

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2pa1 taiyArI karavAnI salAha ApI. gAMdhIjIne akhila hiMda mahAsabhA. samitino samasta adhikAra ApavAmAM AvyuM. gAMdhIjIe sauthI. pahelAM bAraDolI tAlukAmAM satyAgrahano AraMbha karavAno vicAra karyo tyAM to caurIcArAno banAva banyo. e ghaTanAne lIdhe ja viplavanA e svarUpane dekhIne ja mahAtmAjIe satyAgrahano vicAra mAMDI vALyo. 1922nI phebruArInI agiyAramI tArIkhe bAraDelImAM kAryavAhI maLI ane teNe mahAsabhA samitione pharamAna. kADhayAM ke sarakArI AjJAone virodha karavA mATe saraghaso. nahi kADhavAM, sabhAo nahi bharavI ane dezamAM zAMti ane ahiMsAnuM vAyumaMDaLa relAI na jAya tyAMsudhI racanAtmaka kAryo ja karavAM. A rIte janatAnA viplavAtmaka svarUpathI bIdhelA gAMdhIjInI salAhathI mahAsabhAe sarakArane virAdha baMdha karAvI dIdho eTaluM ja nahi paNa evI sUcanAo ApI dIdhI ke kheDUtoe jamInadArone koIpaNa sthaLe virodha kare nahi. kisAnone mahAsabhAe hukama karyo ke jamInadAranuM jamIna mahesUla aTakAvavuM e kisAno mATe mahAsabhAnA TharAvathI virUdhdha che. saMyukta prAMtanA jamInadArone saMtoSa ApavA mATe mahAsabhAe A jAtano TharAva karyo. te samaye jIllAomAM kisAna sabhAonA saMgaThana zarU thayAM hatAM tathA kisAno jamInadAranA julmI dhArAdhoraNe sAme laDavA mAgatA hatA. paraMtu gAMdhIjI jamInadAre ane kisAnonI Arthika laData nahi cAhatA hovAthI te samayanI kisAna hilacAlane A rIte dAbI devAmAM AvI. paNa lekone jusse narama paDyo nahoto. satyAgrahane saMkelI levAthI loke asaMtuSTa thayA hatA. te kAraNathI 1922mAM mahAsabhAne dilhInA adhivezanamAM bAraDolInA prastAvane sudhArIne svIkAravAmAM Avyo. prAtane sarakArI pharamAne sAme vyaktigata satyAgraha karavAno adhikAra ApavAmAM AvyuM. satya ane

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52 ahiMsAnI vaiyakitaka vicArasaraNInuM A vaiyakitaka pariNAma hatuM. paNa pharIthI zarU thayelA satyAgrahanA vAtAvaraNane lIdhe gAMdhIjIne gIraphatAra karavAmAM AvyAM. tathA 1922nA mArcanI aDhAramI tArIkhe temane cha varSanI kArAvAsanI zikSA pharamAvavAmAM AvI. tyAra pachI 1923mAM dezabaMdhudAsanI saradArI nIce svarAja pArTInI sthApanA thaI. A svarAja pArTIe pitAne kAryakrama jAhera karyo tathA spaSTa karyuM ke dezanI avasthA ane paristhitine anukULa zAsanavidhAna banAvavAno adhikAra tathA vartamAna zAsana para kAryasAdhaka niyaMtraNa prApta karI pUrNa aupanivezika svarAja prApta karavuM. dhArAsabhAmAM praveza karI sarakAra pAse rASTranI bhAga o rajU karavI. ane sarakAra je eno saMtoSakAraka javAba na na Ape te dhArAsabhAo dvArA bahumatio meLavI sarakArI zAsana kAryane azakya banAvI mUkavuM. e rIte 1923mAM be vargo vadhAre spaSTa banI gayA. gAMdhIjInA anuyAyIone ahiMsAtmaka asahakAranA kAryakramamAM pUrepUro vizvAsa hato. rAjagopAlAcArI ane vallabhabhAI paTela emAM mukhya hatA ane e lokonI bahumati hatI. paraMtu mahAsabhAnA pramukha dezabaMdhudAsanI e bahumati sAthe anumati na hovAthI ane pite svarAja pArTInA saradAra hovAthI temaNe koMgresanA pramukhapadane tyAga karyo. e uparAMta gAMdhIjI ane temanA anuyAyIo je loke racanAtmaka kAryakramamAM mAnatA hatA temanI aMdara paNa jhagaDe hovAthI racanAtmaka kAryakramano amala barAbara rIte thaI zakato nahato. hiMdu musalamAnamAM paNa ramakhANe zarU thaI gayAM hatAM. e rIte sarakAranI bhaMgANa nIti divase divase vadhatI jatI hatI. tathA mahAsabhAno prabhAva dhIme dhIme ghaTato jato hato. tyAra pachI gAMdhIne temanI bimArIne lIdhe jelamAMthI choDI devAmAM AvyA. ane temane mahAsabhAnA baMne vargamAM ekatA lAvavAnuM kAma sauthI agatyanuM lAgyuM. 1924nA me mAsanI raramI tArIkhe

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253 dezabaMdhudAsa tathA motIlAla neharU sAthe samajutI thaI ane tyAra pachI mahAsabhA taraphathI ja sarakArI taMtramAM baMdhAraNIya kAryakramane amala karavAnuM kAma svarAja pArTIne ropavAmAM AvyuM. tyAra pachI 1927mAM sarakAra taraphathI sAyamana kamizananI nimaNuMka karavAmAM AvI. e kamizanamAM eka paNa hiMdInI nimaNUMka karavAmAM AvI nahotI. e kAraNathI mavAla pakSanA leke paNa, asaMtuSTa banI gayA ane temaNe sAyamana kamizanane bahiSkAra karavA nizcaya karyo. mahAsabhAne bIjo bhAga paNa sarakAranA A nirNayathI aprasanna banyo. mahAsabhAnI mAgaNuM goLamejI pariSada dvArA zAsana vidhAna taiyAra karavAnI hatI paNa sarakAre goLamejI pariSada belAvavAne badale royala kamizananI nimaNuMka karI tethI 1927mAM badhA rAjakAraNIya vargomAM asaMtoSa vyApI rahyo. mahAsabhAe sAyamana kamizanane virodha karavAnuM pharamAna kADhayuM. je divase sAyamana kamizananA sabhyo hindanI bhUmi para UtaryA teja divase AkhA hindamAM haDatAla paDI. pachI jyAM jyAM sAImana kamizana pharyuM tyAM tyAM tenI sAme kALA vAvaTA pharakAvatAM saraghasa nIkaLyAM, tathA kamizanane tiraskArI kADhatI sabhAo para polise. TheraThera lAThI prahAra karyo. lAlA lajapatarAya e lAThImArathI jakhamI. thaI maraNa pAmyA. tyArapachI 1928mAM mahattvanI ghaTanArUpa bAraDolI satyAgraha Avyo. vallabhabhAI paTelanI saradArI nIce bAraDolInA kheDUtoe satyAhagraha zarU karyo tathA sarakArI mahesula ApavuM baMdha karyuM. sarakAre japtIo ane atyAcAradvAra damanane keraDo vIMjhavA mAMDyo paNa bAraDolInA kisAne DagyA nahi. pariNAme sarakAranI hAra thaI ane lokazaktine vijaya che.' Thera Thera yuvaka saMgho sthapAvA lAgyA. baMgALanA yuvakee majabUta saMgaThana karyuM. majUronI hilacAla paNa zarU thaI.

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254 khAsa karIne muMbaImAM majUroe pADelI haDatAla hindanI kAmadAra hilacAlamAM khUba mahattvanI banI gaI. e haDatALa cha mAsa sudhI laMbAI hatI, baMgALanA aDhI lAkha jeTalA majUre paNa 1929mAM haDatALa para gayA. 1929nA mArcanI vIsamI -tArIkhe muMbaI baMgALa, saMyukta prAMta ane paMjAbanA majUra kArya kartAo gIraphatAra thaI gayA. mirata kospIresI kesane yAdagAra mukardame maMDAI cUkyo hato. jatIndranAtha bhUkhamarAnI haDatAla para gayA ane maraNa pAmyA. Akho deza hacamacI uThe. AMtararASTrIya pradeza para mahAsabhAnuM mahattva pahelIvAra AlekhAyuM hatuM. mahAsabhAnuM lAhoranuM adhivezana pAse AvatuM hatuM. te pahelAM le IvIne jAhera karyuM ke sarakAranuM dhyeya hindane aupanivezika svarAjya ApavAnuM che. tyAra pachI enI e jAherAtane artha samajavA mATe gAMdhIjI, motIlAla naherU, De. samu, viThThalabhAI paTela, tathA jhInnA 1929nA DIsembaramAM trevIsamI tArIkhe dilhImAM vAIsaroyane maLyA. paNa e mulAkAtamAM vAIsaroye koIpaNa jAtanI kabUlAta ApI nahi. ane netAo nAsIpAsa thaIne lAhora adhivezanamAM gayA. lAhoranI mahAsabhAe goLamejI pariSadamAM bhAga na levAne nirdhAra karyo. tathA mahAsabhAnA dhyeya tarIke svarAja zabdane artha saMpUrNa svAtaMtrya athavA briTiza zAhIvAda sAthe chUTA cheDA e karyo. mahAsabhAnA e adhivezanamAM naherU kamiTinI rojanA rada karI devAmAM AvI. akhila hinda mahAsabhA samitine egya lAge tema satyAgrahanuM AMdolana zarU karI devAno adhikAra ApavAmAM Avyo. pachI 1930nI jAnevArInI 26mI tArIkhane mahAsabhAnI kAryavAhaka samitie saMpUrNa svAtaMtrya dina tarIkhe ujavavAnuM pharamAna kADhayuM. 1931 nA phebruArImAM kAryavAhInI eka beThaka sAbaramatImAM maLI. eNe savinaya bhaMganI laDatane nizcaya karyo. lokenI sarakAra sAmenI e laData saMpUrNa svarAja mATe pahelo saMgrAma hato. eNe AkhA

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55 ricaya dezanA khUNe khUNe AtmabalidAnane aga hajAra leAkeA jelamAM gayA. keTalAka bhA jaMgamAM strIoe paNa peAtAne kALA ApyA. nAnAM nAnAM bhALakAnI vAnara senAe paNa mazadUra banI gaI. e savinaya bhaMganA Arbha pahelAM mAnI bIjI tArIkhe gAMdhIjIe vAIsarAyane eka patra meAkalye!. samajutine e aMtima prayatna hatA. e patramAM gAMdhIjIe biTiza zAsananI khUrAIene ullekha karyo hatA tathA sarakArI kAyadAnA bhaMga karavAnA paDakAra karyAM hatA. gAMdhIjInI saradArI nIce lekazakti zAhIvAdanA pazubhaLane mukAbaleA karavA taiyAra thatI hatI. mAMnI khAramI tArIkhe ezI svaya'sevakanI eka TUkaDI sAthe mIThAne! kAyadA tADavA mATe gAMdhIjIe dAMDI tarapha kUca karI. e aitihAsika kUce gujarAtamAM ajanma jAgRti ANI. eprilanA chaThThA divase gAMdhIjIe dAMDInA samudra kinArA upara sarakArI kAyadA tADayo. te divasathI kArAmArInA TharAva pramANe AkhA dezane satyAgraha karavAnI chUTa maLI cUkI hatI. TheraThera gerakAyadesara mIThuM banavA lAgyuM ane vecAvA lAgyuM. sarakArI kArAgAramAM leAkeA hajArenI saMkhyAmAM javA lAgyA. polisa atyAcArA zarU thaI cUkayA. AkhI hindanI dharatI sarakArI lAThImAranA leAhIthI ra'gAI gaI. satyAgrahI chAvaNIe para humalAe zarU thaI gayA. jelanAM damana jorazeArathI vadhI paDayAM. rAja kedIe upara aneka jAtanAM pIDane ajamAvavAmAM AvyAM. jIvane jelamAM maravA mAMDayA. gheADA gAMDA paNa thaI gayA. dheAlerA ane dAMDInI dharatI sarakArI pazuLe mAMDelA pazukhaLAnA khUnI vartAvanI Aje paNa sAkSI pUre che. mIThAnA kAyadAne bhAMgavAnI sAthe sAthe dArU ane videzI vastrane bahiSkAra paNa zarU thayAM. saphLa pIkeTiMgA geAThavAI gayAM. trevIsamI eprile pezAvaramAM gALIbAra thayA. sekaDenI sakhyAmAM chAtIe dhAvatAM bALA sAthe strIe paNa vidhAI gaI. hajArI ghAyala vAta e

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thayA. satAvIzamI eprile vAIsaroye presa orDInansa pasAra karyo. pAMcamI mene divase gAMdhIjIne karADImAMthI gIraphatAra karavAmAM AvyA. pachI dharAsaNAne jaMga maMDAyo. polisanI lAThI dharAsaNAmAM pharI vaLI. dharAsaNAne samudra kinAro lehIthI chaTAI gayo. me mAsamAM pharI vAra mahAsabhAnI kArobArI maLI. teNe jyAM yitavArI prathA hoya tyAM jamIna mahesUla nahi ApavAnuM pharamAna kADhayuM tathA baMgALa, bihAra ane orissAmAM cokIdArI TekSa baMdha karI devAmAM AvyA. 1930 nA menI 15 mI tArIkhe solApuramAM mArzala lo jAherA karavAmAM Avyo. mahAsabhA samitio gerakAyadesara banI gaI. trIsamI mene divase vAIsaroye pikeTiMga tathA sarakArI amaladArano. sAmAjika bahiSkAra ane karabaMdhInA AMdolanane rekI devAne mATe bIjA be eDinansa pasAra karyo. dilhI tathA lakhanaumAM goLIbAra zarU thayA. gItArIe, jaDatIe, jamIo tathA lAThImAnA prahAra AkhA deza para vyavasthita goThavAI gayA. mahAsabhAnI kArobArIe jUna mAsamAM briTiza mAlano bahiSkAra karavAnuM pharamAna kADhayuM tathA madhyaprAMta, varADa, karNATaka ne mahArASTramAM jaMgalanA kAyadAo teDavAmAM AvyA. jUnanI covIsamI tArIkhe sAyamana kamizane potAnI sUcanAo jAhera karI. ethI koIne paNa saMtoSa thayo nahi. dilhImAM mahAsabhAnI kArobArInI beThaka maLI. e beThakamAM De. anasArI, mAlavIyA, viThThalabhAI paTela tathA kArobArInA bIjA sabhyone gIraphatAra karavAmAM AvyA. ekeeka jIllAmAM mahAsabhA samitine gerakAyadesara TharAvavAmAM AvI. mahAsabhAnI sthAvara milkata para sarakArI cokIo besI gaI. jaMgama milkata sarakAre pote kabaje karI. navembaranI bAramI tArIkhe pAMcamAM je goLamejInI. uddaghATana kriyA karI e divase AkhA hiMdamAM haDatAla paDI. 23mI. Disembare vAyasaroye bIjA be eDinansa pasAra karyA.

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257 1931 nA jAnyuArInI ogaNIsamI tArIkhe briTananI rAjasabhAnA mukhya pradhAne mahAsabhAne sahakAra meLavavA mATenI pitAnI utsukatA pragaTa karI. tathA tenI sUcanAthI mahAsabhA kArobArInA badhA sabhyone mukta karavAmAM AvyA. mArcanI pAMcamI tArIkhe gAMdhI IravIna salAha thaI. bIjI bAju bhagatasiMha, rAjaguru ne datta jevA hiMdanA krAtikArI juvAnane phAMsInA mAMcaDA para laTakAvI dIdhA. gAMdhI IravIna salAha para vadherAI jatI krAtinAM khUnanAM TIpAM TapakyAM. deza AkhAe aMga chedanI vedanA anubhavI, dezanA dUdhamala dikarAne zAhIvAdI bhUtAvaLanA khUnI paMjA kheMcI jatA hatA. deza Akhe joI rahyo hato ane kakaLI UTho hato. e khUna ! e kakaLATa, e kAramAM citkAranI sAthosAtha gAMdhI IravIna pekaTane subhASabAbu ne viThThalabhAI paTelanI vIrecIta vANI paradezamAMthI paDakArI rahI hatI. e pekaTa para sarakArI kArAgAranA saLIyA pAchaLathI javAharalAlajI kheda varasAvI rahyA hatA paNa pekeTa thaye kAraNa ke kahevAtI ahiMsAne upAsaka gAMdhIjI e icchatA hatA ane kAraNa ke zAhIvAdI hiMsAnuM khUnI cokaThuM sAcavavA Avele aMgrejazAhIno mukAdama iravIna e Icchato hato. saMdhI thaI ane pachI 1921 pachInI laData dAsabAbunI svarAjapATImAM zamI gaI tema A laData paNa baMdhAraNavAdamAM aMta pAmI. vAisaroye badhA eDanansa pAchA kheMcI lIdhA tathA satyAgrahI kedIone jelamAMthI mukta karavA mAMDyA. mahAsabhAe gAMdhIjInI salAhathI satyAgrahanI laDatane saMkelI lIdhI. tyAra pachIne kALa grAma udyogone, sarakArI sahakArano tathA bIjAM racanAtmaka kAryakramano AvyA. 1937 mAM navuM baMdhAraNa AvyuM. dezanA jahAla pakSe e baMdhAraNamAM pradhAnapada svIkAravAne sakhta virodha karyo. paNa mahAsabhAmAM mavAla pakSanI bahumati hevAthI pradhAnapada svIkArAyAM. mahAsabhAe nakI karelA pradhAnoe

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258 sarakAranAM zAsana saMbhALI dIdhAM ane sarakArI ekaThAMmAM rahIne rAjataMtra kheDavA mAMDayuM. zAhIvAdI hiMsaka sattA sAme lokazaktinA mukAbalAne badale e hiMsaka sattA sAthe sahakAra karIne mahAsabhAvAdI sarakAre kahevAtI zAMtinA nAme sarakArI kAyado ane sarakArI vyava sthA jALavavA mAMDyAM. gAMdhIjIe saMbhaLAvI dIdhuM ke have satyAgrahanI jarUra nahi paDe. 1921 mAM dAsa bAbue UbhI karelI svarAjapATa jevI vallabhabhAI paTelanI saradArI nIce pArlAmenTarI barDa sthapAI. mahAsabhAe navA baMdhAraNanuM khUnI cekaDuM toDI nAkhavA mATe sattA svIkArI paNa ekaThuM tUTI gayuM nahi. ahiMsA zakaya banI nahi. ulaTu' mahAsabhAvAdI pradhAnoeja sarakArI zAsananI vyavasthA saMbhALavA majUronI zAMta haDatALo hiMsaka damanothI toDI nAkhI. majUronI haDatALo nAmaMjUra karato lokazAsanane kalaMkarUpa evo kALo kAyado muMbaI dhArAsabhAmAM sarakAranA majUra maMtrI zrI naMdAnI sUcanAthI praveza pAmyo. mavAlapakSe satya ane ahiMsAnA nAmamAM e kALA kAyadAne paNa abhinandana ApyAM. e rIte zAhIvAdanA peTa jevA navA baMdhAraNamAM pesIne e piTane phADI nAkhavAnI pradhAnonI murAda mAMthI paDI gaI navA baMdhAraNanuM lokhaMDI cokaThuM phATayuM nahi. Aje hindanA rAjakAraNamAM navA navA raMga badalAtAM jAya che. zAhIvAdI virodhI moracA vadhAre vadhAre majabUta banatA jAya che. dezabharanA juvAne vadhArene vadhAre krAtizIla thatAM jAya che. AvatI kAlanA hindanuM bhAvI e juvAnenA hAthamAM che. AvatI kAlanI duniyAnA itihAsamAM hindanI saMskRtinA nUtana UgamanAM vaheNa hindanI janatA vahAvavAnI che. Ajano hindI zAhIvAda sAmenI janatAnI satata laData juve che tathA paradezI sattAne AvatI kAle phagAvI daI navajIvana prApta karavA mATe jIve che. saMskRtinA vaheNamAM zamI gayelAM pUrvanA bIjA dezo karatAM hiMda e rIte judo che. kAraNake hiMda jIvata che ane jIvananI dizAmAM kUca kare che.

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prakaraNa 1 cIna pUrva itihAsa cInanI prAcIna saMskRtie yurApanA vidvAnane mugdha karyAM che. TIDereTe cAInIjha prajA mATe lakhyuM che ke e leAkeA eziyAnI badhI prajAe karatAM caDhiyAtA che. velsTare kahyuM ke cInI mahArAjya cAra hajAra varSa pahelAM sauthI sarvoparI hatuM. kAunTa kaisIMge paNa e prajAnI prAcIna mahattA para AvAraNAM lIdhAM che. hajI Aja sudhInI prajA peAtAnI e mahattA svIkAratI hatI tathA duniyAnI bIjI prajAone paradezI ane jaMgalI mAnatI hatI. evI cInanI prAcIna mahattAne na eLakhanArane cIna para patharAyalA AjanA kALA paDadA nIcethI paNa cInanI sauthI samRddha prAcIna mahattAnAM darzIna thayA vinA rahe tema nathI. I. pU. 1700 nA samayamAM cIna para atyaMta utkRSTa evI kavitAonAM kavana thatAM hatAM, AdarzavAdI paNa vyavahArU evI ciMtana prathAnAM navanIta relAtAM hatAM, zilpa ane citramAM ajoDa evI zaktimattA dekhAI AvatI hatI, ane itihAse na joyelI evI samAjaracanA asakhya manuSyane eka sAthe jIvanavyavahAramAM joDI rahI hatI. evI cInanI prAcIna saMskRtie

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- 260. grIka lokone jaMgalI joyA che, bebIleniyA, esIriyA, paziyA, juDiyA, ethensa ane romana udaya tathA asta najaronajara nIhAvyA che. venIsa ane speInane zarUAtathI UgatA dIThA che. vizALa mahAsAgarathI gherAyelo evA UMcA parvatothI viMTaLAya evA cInanA pradezanI eka bAjue duniyAnA sauthI mahAna raNamAMnuM eka evuM paNa che. A rIte duniyAnA saMparkathI salAmata ane vikhUTA paDIne jema cIne pitAnI saMskRti sAdhI che tema enA jIvananA vaheNane baMdhiyAra paNa banAvI dIdhAM che. cInanI dakSiNane phaLadrupa banAvatI traNa hajAra mAIla lAMbI evI yAMgadAsa nadI tathA dUra uttaramAM hAM ho athavA pILI nadInAM pANI pazcimanI parvatamALAomAMthI Utare che. e nadInA kinAre kinAre tathA vaDI ane bIjA vizALa pravAhane Are Are cInanI saMskRti zarU thaI e saMskRtie enI zarUAtamAM hajAra varSa pahelAM jaMgalanA pazuone hAMkI kADhyAM hatAM. AsapAsanA jaMgalanAM AkramaNane vArI rAkhyAM hatAM. Akare jIvanakalaha anubhavatAM jamInane kheDI hatI. duSkALa ane pralayo sAme potAnuM rakSaNa karIne hajAro nahere bAMdhI hatI. ghare ane mahAlayo caNyAM hatAM tathA devaLo nizALo ane ArAmagAho UbhAM karyAM hatAM. evI cInI saMskRtine Aje bharakhI jatA vepArI manuSyane zI khabara paDe ke e saMskRtinA ghaDataramAM lAkho manuSyae potAnI jAta nIcavI ApI hatI. cInI prajA kyAMthI AvI tenI koIne khabara nathI athavA cInI saMskRti cokakasa keTalI jUnI che tenI gaNatrI thaI nathI. jUnA avazeSe parathI mAlama paDe che ke meMgolI AmAM I. 5. vIsa hajAra varSa pahelAM mANasonI khUba gIca vastI hatI. pachI dhIme dhIme dakSiNa meMgelI A sUkAI javA lAgyA ane tyAM gebInuM raNa banavA lAgyuM eTale te samaye meMgelIAnI vastI dhIme dhIme sAIbIrIA ane cIna para patharatI gaI. dakSiNa maMcurIAmAM

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261 thayelI zodhakhoLAthI mAlama paDe che ke IjIpta ane sumeriyAmAM saMskRtinI zarUAta pachI maMcurIyAmAM paNa tyAMnA vatanIoe pattharanAM hathiyAra vAparavA mAMDyAM hatAM. hiMdanI jema cIne hajAra varSa sudhI saMskRti TakAvI rAkhI hovAnuM mAluma paDe che tathA hiMdanI jema cInamAM paNa bhASA tathA jAtanI daSTie judI judI prajAe eka sAthe rahetI hatI. evA cInanA prAcIna itihAsanI zarUAta I. pU. traNa hajAra varSathI thAya che. te samayanI cInI daMtakathA bele che ke pAnaku nAmanA eka Adya puSe sRSTinuM sarjana karyuM. e sarjana vakhate enA zvAsanA pavane banyA, eno avAja meghanI garjanA thayo enI nADIo nadIo banI, enA mAMse pRthvInuM svarUpa dhAraNa karyuM. enA vALa ghAsa ane jhADarUpe UgI nIkaLyA, enA hADakAMnI dhAtuo banI, enA parasevAnA varasAda varasya. je jaMtuo enA zarIrane aDakyAM te badhAM manuSyo banI gayAM. cInanI daMtakathA AgaLa vadhIne kahe che ke cInamAM pahelAM cAmaDAM paheratAM pazuo jevAM manuSyo rahetAM hatAM. e loko kAcuM mAMsa khAtAM hatAM. emane mAtAo hatI paNa bApa na hatA. pachI devI zahenazAha cIna para rAjya karavA mAMDyA ane e lokene sudhAryA. pachI I. pU. 285ramAM rAjA kusInuM zAsana zarU thayuM. eNe enI vidvAna rANInI madadathI lokene lagna karatAM zIkhavyuM tathA temane saMgIta, lekhana, citrakAma tathA zikAra karavAnI kaLAe samajAvI tathA eja rAjArANue cInI prajAne prANIone pALatAM tathA amuka jAtanA jaMtuone ucherIne temAMthI rezama vaNavAnuM jJAna ApyuM. phusInA maraNa pachI zena-naMga nAmano rAjA gAdI para Avyo eNe lAkaDAnA haLanI zodha karI tathA vepAra ane bajAronI sthApanA karI. e rAjAe vanaspatimAMthI vaidAnI zodhakhoLa karAvI. pachI eka huMAMgaTI nAmano rAjA thaze. eNe cInane lohacuMbaka tathA paiDAM banAvatAM zIkhavyuM. itihAsakArone

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262 namyA tathA cInanI saMskRtimAM pahelI vAra ITa ane pattharanAM makAna caNAvyAM. AkAzI padArthonI gatine abhyAsa karavA vedhazALAo UbhI karI. tathA jamInanI navesarathI vaheMcaNI karI. A rIte cInI prajAe pitAne hajAra varSane itihAsa be cAra rAjAenA hAthamAM soMpI dIdhuM che. tathA aneka saikAonI prajAoe khUba mahenata ane gaDamathalathI karelI zodhakheLAnuM mAna paNa pitAne gamI gayelA evA rAjAone mAthA para mUkI dIdhuM che. evA cInI saMskRtinI zarUAtanA pAMca rAjAomAMne chello eka zuna nAmano hato. e pitAnA kuTuMbane khUba cAhato hato. eNe hoMgaho nadInA jaLapralayAmAMthI potAnI prajAne bacAvI hatI. eNe vakhatanA mApa svIkAryA hatAM. vajana ane mApanAM cekasa dhAraNa nakakI karyA hatAM. cInI nizALamAM bALakone paDatA bhAra ochA karyA hatA. e rAjA sAthe yu nAmane meTe ejInIara rahete hato. eNe nava parvatone kAtaryA hatA. ane e ja rAjAnA samayamAM cokhAne dArU zodhI kADhavAmAM Avyo hato paNa e dArU yue tyAre teNe dArUnI pyAlI jamIna para pachADatA kahyuM ke A dArU eka divasa AkhA rAjano nAza karaze. eNe dArUnI zodha karanArane dezanikAla karyo. pachI e khUba prAcIna evo rAjavaMza eka zI nAmanA zahenazAhanA samayamAM nAza pAmyo,

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prakaraNa 2 saMskRtinI zarUAta have cInanA itihAsamAM rajavADI rAjya UgI nIkaLyAM. e rAjyone Ugama te samayanA kRSikArone samAjamAMthI thayo hato. taravArane jere baLIAnA be bhAga khelatA haiDAka joradAra AdamIo nabaLAnA nAyaka thaI paDatA hatA tathA nAnI nAnI ThakarAtanI sthApanA karatA hatA. dareka ThAkoranI hakumata nIce cInI kRSikArano samAja khetI karato hato ane khetaronA rakSaNa mATe bahAranA AkramaNe sAme yuddha kheDato hato. te samaye evI sattara ThakarAto hatI. dareka ThakarAta pAse pitapotAnA pradezo hatA tathA dareka ThakarAtA potAnA pATanagaranI AsapAsa killebaMdhI karIne rahetI hatI. pachI dhIme dhIme sattaranA paMcAvana thayA. e paMcAvanamAM sauthI vadhAre agatyanuM evuM zInuM rAjya hatuM jeNe cInI sarakAranA pAyA nAMkhyA tathA pitAne cIna athavA sIna kahevaDAvI bAkInA badhAne jItyAM ane AkhA cIna pradeza para ekatA sthApI zahenazAhatanI zarUAta karI. cInanI evI vyavasthita ghaTanA karanAra eka kuAMgabhaMga nAmane huAnanA ThAkorane salAhakAra hato. pachI e rAjyanA mukhya pradhAna bane. e mukhya pradhAna kuAMge pitAnA mAlikane zaktivAna banA

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vavA kAMsAne badale lokhaMDanAM hathiyAronI zodha karI tathA lekhaMDa ne mIThA para sarakArI mAlikI jAhera karI. eNe AvakaverA nAMkhyA tathA judI judI jAtanA kara nAMkhyA. enI sarakAra nIce cIna eka vyavasthita zahenazAhata banI rahyuM. e sarakAranA amala nIce adAlate nimAI ane lokavyavahAranA kAyadAo ghaDAyA. e navA kAyadAonA amalamAM te samayanA rItarivAjo sAthe gharSaNa zarU thayuM. I. pU. pa3panA te samayanA kALamAM cInanA kheDUto e navA sudharelA kAyadA sAme pavitra bIkathI joI rahyA. e kAyadAo sArA hatA. paNa ekataraphI hatI. e kAyadAonI zikSAmAMthI amIra umarA ane zrImaMte bacI jatA hatA. evA pakSapAta sAme janatAe phariyAda noMdhAvI. e navA kAyadAonA sudharelA julma sAme lekee hilacAla calAvI. chevaTe jUnA rItarivAjo ane navA kAyadAo vacce samajUtI karavAmAM AvI. - pachI jene cAu lI athavA cAu-nI kAyadAne nAme oLakhavAmAM Ave che te kAyadA kuAMga pachInA bIjA mukhya pradhAne ghaDyA hatA. tathA e kAyadAoe pachInA be hajAra varSa sudhI cInanI sarakAranI kalpanAne uttejyA karI che. e kAyadA pramANe sarakArI cAla ema kaheto hato ke zahenazAha e IzvarI avatAra che tathA cInI prajA para IzvarI sattAnA pratikarUpe rAjya kare che, e navA kAyadAo pramANe sarakArI taMtrano amala karavA cha pradhAnenuM eka pradhAna maMDaLa nImavAmAM AvyuM hatuM, evA navA taMtra nIce jema jema cInanI dolata vadhatI gaI, tema tema cInano amaladAra ane umarAva varga saDate gaye. vadhelI lata sAthe vistAra pAmatA vilAse sarakAranI AsapAsa saMgItakAra, vesyAo vidvAno tathA sarakArI guMDAonI jamAta ekaThI karI. e rIte saDatA jatA sarakArI samAjapara dhIre dhIre sarahada parathI bhUkhyA lokenI ToLIonAM AkramaNa zarU thayAM. yuddha, vinAza ane kalla dara

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265 rejano niyama che. khUnakhAra bhayaMkaratA cAre kera vipharelI patharAvA mAMDI. aMdhera UgavA mAMDayuM. saMte ane DAhyAo nirAza thavA lAgyA. e samayanA lokajIvanamAM kheDUta pitAnI jAta mahenatathI dharatInAM Dhephane bhAMgI vAvate hatA ane pAka laNatA hatA. paNa e kheDUta pite jamInano mAlika hato nahi. jamIna enA jamInadAra ke ThAkaranI hatI tathA sarakAra e ThAkarenI banelI hatI. e ThAkaro kheDUte pAse veTha karAvI jAhera bAMdhakAma karAvatA hatA tathA nahera khodAvatA hatA. A badhA uparAMta cInanA kheDUto pAse mAlike rezama vaNavAnI lehIbhInI majUrI karAvatA hatA. mAchalAM mAravAne tathA mIThuM khodI kADhavAne IjAre sarakArane hAthamAM hato. nAnAMmoTAM zaheramAM vepAra cAlatA hatA tathA zrImatano muThThIbhara mAlikavarga sAdhanasaMpanna banI vilAsI banate hato. e mAlikane varga rezamI pizAka paherato hato. pagamAM bUTa ane mejaDIo paherI rAmAM pharato hato, naukA vihAra karato hate. mahAlacAmAM raheto hato. khurazI Tebala vAparatA hatA tathA suMdara rakAbIomAM khANAM khAtuM hatuM. paNa samAjanA vikAsa pAmatA A saMjoge samAjanA eka nAnA vargane eza ArAma-ApatAM chatAM khUba moTA samudAya mATe jIvaleNa banatA hatA. kALI majurI karate e zramajIvIone varga kacaDAto jato hato. rAjanereja navI navI pIDAo ane duHkhamAM saDato hato tathA duHkhano mAryo pracalita prathAo tathA samAjaracanA sAme phariyAda karato hate. e rIte I. 1. 1250 thI e duHkhI ane pIDIta varga potAnAM duHkha ane pIDAo mATe Ukela mAMgato hato tathA e ukela ApavA mATe te samayanA DAhyAo judAjudA upAya batAvatA hatA ane pIDita samAjane AzvAsana detA hatA. cInanI saMskRtimAM e DAhyAono yuga ciMtana yuga tarIke oLakhAya che.

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prakaraNa 3 cInane ciMtakasamAja cInanA ciMtakasamAjanuM mukhya lakSaNa te samayanA sAmAjika saMgane anurUpa evuM ciMtana che tathA e citane dareka dezanA AdarzavAdI ciMtakonI jema lokasamAja mATe lokAcAramAM azakya evI taraMgI vAte tathA AdarzajIvananA taraMgI khyAla rajU karyA che. I. pU. 125mAM pahelo ciMtaka yu-jI nAmano thaye. eNe te vakhatanA samAjane bodha Apyo ke je AbarUnA khoTA khyAlane taje che tene kadI dIlagIra thavuM paDatuM nathI. ItihAse e ciMtakane upadezo jALavI rAkhyA nathI. enA pachI cInamAM thayelA ciMtanano ItihAsa thIMga nAmanA eka pustakathI zarU thAya che. lokakathA ema kahe che ke e pustakane lekhaka eka venasAMga nAmane zahenazAha hatuM, jeNe kedakhAnAmAM e pustaka lakhyuM hatuM. eNe ATha kudaratI niyama zodhI kADhyA hatA. e niyAmAM e ciMtake yAMga athavA puruSatatva ane cIna athavA strItatvanI carcA karI hatI. puruSatattva tathA strItatvamAM eNe sarjaka athavA jIvanatattvane bodha Apyo hato. e uparAMta eNe cesaTha kudaratI tattavo zodhI kADhayAM hatAM tathA te tanI judI

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267 judI ghaTanAomAM judA judA kudaratI niyamanI zodha karI hatI. eNe batAvyuM hatuM ke badhuM vijJAna ane itihAsa kudaratI tattanI judA judA mizraNonI ramata mAtra che ane e badhA tanA mULamAM yAMga ane yIna athavA purUSatattva ane strIta che. e tonI ghaTanAne je kaI samajI zake che te kudaratI ane sAmAjika saMcAlanane samajI zake che ema tenuM kahevuM hatuM. hiMda paziA juDiyA ane grIsanI jema I pUchaThThA ane pAMcamA saikAmAM cInanA pradeza para mAnavatAnuM ciMtana karanAra vicArake UbharAtA hatA. cInano e kALa buddhiyuga tarIke oLakhAya che. e kALanA pUrvakALamAM yuddhoe aMdhera jamAvyuM hatuM paNa sAthe sAthe cInanI bahAranA jagatanA navA navA rastAo khullA mUkayA hatA. du:khI tathA pIDita samAja karapINu banatA jIvanakalahano ukela mAgato hato tathA pracalita samAjathI asaMtuSTa evo madhyama varga jIvananA judA judA kSetromAM samaja mAMgate hate. sAmAjika saMjogonI A mAMgane javAba ApavA zikSako ane upadeza dharmazAstranI acokkasatA, nItinI sApekSatA, sarakAranI apUrNatA samajAvatA hatA tathA lokamAnasane vadhAre sArI samAjaracanAne divAsvapnothI uttejatA hatA. te samayanA mAlikavarge AvI uttejanAnA upadezane gerakAyadesara jAhera karyA. keTalAye upadezako ane ciMtakonA mAthAM utArI levAmAM AvyAM. te samayanI rajavADAzAhIne te samayanA saMjoge e UbhA karelA savAlanA javAbo ApatAM nahotuM AvaDatuM. savAla pUchatAM mAthAone DhImacA para mukI jallAdI kuhADI nIce kApI nAMkhatAM ja AvaDatuM hatuM. te samayanI rajavADAzAhIe navA vicArane aparAdha mAnyA. potAnI AsapAsa juvAna lokonAM ToLAM jamAvanArA ciMtakane gunegAra TheravyA tathA vicAra karatA manuSyane jakaDI levA mAMDyA.

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te samayanA AvA krAtikArI vicAramAMne eka geMgazI nAmane hato. eNe jAhera rIte kahyuM ke pracalita nItinA sAcA kheTAnA khyAlo kevaLa sApekSa che, tathA e khyAle sattAvAna keneja sAtha ApatA hovAthI kheTA che. enA duzmanoe ene samAjavyavasthA teDanAra tarIke jAhera karyo. mAlikavarganI sarakAranI najaramAM e aparAdhI dekhAyo. TaeNgazIe kAyadAone ghaDayA paNa sarakAre eNe rajU karelA kAyadAone khUba AdarzavAdI kahIne kADhI nAkhyA. pachI meMge sarakAranI nItirItionI TIkA karavA mAMDI. sarakArI pradhAne enA A vartana sAme lAlabattI dharI paNa meMge e TIkAonI patrikAo pI rIte lekemAM vaheMcavA mAMDI. sarakAre ene gunhegAra TheravI enuM aparAdhI mAthuM kApI nAkhyuM. - tyAra pachI eka lIo-jhI nAmane ciMtaka the. beMgazInA dAkhalA parathI e jarA vadhAre DAhyo thayA hatA tathA zAMta rahetAM zIkhyo hato. eNe cInanI sarahada para potAno mukAma karyo hato tathA pAMca hajAra zabdanuM eka pustaka lakhyuM hatuM. jokakathA ema kahe che ke enuM kharuM nAma lI hatuM. je pustaka eNe lakhyuM che tenuM nAma TAo TI-zIMga che. e pustakanA nAmano artha sabuNane upAya evo thAya che. e pustaka kahe che ke vicAra athavA buddhino upaga sadAcAra mATe nahi paNa kevaLa carcA mATe ja thato hoya che. tethI buddhine vikAsa manuSyajIvananuM kalyANa karavAne badale akalyANuM vadhAre kare che. tethI sadAcArano bhAga buddhinI ramato choDIne sAduM ekAMtika khaDatala ane kudaratI jIvana jIvavAmAM che. jJAna e sadgaNa nathI kAraNa ke je buddhimAna che te DAhyA manuSya ane sAdhupuruSathI khUba dUra che. kharAbamAM kharAba sarakAra che ke jenI para buddhimAna ane vicArakane kAbu che. tethI DAze puruSa lokAne jJAnathI ane upabheganI IcchAthI dUra rahevAno upadeza kare che. prAcIna kALamAM leke sukhI ane sadAcArI hatA

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269 kAraNa ke te buddhimAna ane jJAnI nahatA paNa sAdA ane abhaNa hatA. loko pAse jJAna Ave che tyAre sarakArane paNa temanA para rAjya karavAnI muzkelI naDe che. buddhimAna mANasa rAjyane bhayarUpa che, kAraNa ke te navA kAyadAo ane navA niyamonI bhASAmAM vicAra karate hoya che ane kAraNa ke te bhUmitinA niyama pramANe samAjanA navA AkAre ghaDavAno mithyA prayatna karato hoya che. lIe spaSTa zabdomAM rajU karelI A vicAraNA pratikrAMti athavA pracalita samAjaghaTanAnA zoSaka paribaLone jALavI rAkhavAno prayatna che. e prayatna koIpaNa vyaktidvArA ajJAta rIte thatuM hoya te paNa te ajJAta hovAthI e bhayaMkara ke samAjanA pragatizIla paribaLone e che vighAtaka ane dehI nathI banata. lIe pitAnI vicArasaraNI pramANe ajJAna sAdA ane bhalA-bhoLA khaDatala jIvanane taraMgI khyAla paNa ghaDI kADhayo che. enA Adarza manuSya kudaratI jIvana jIvavAne tathA IcchAone nAza karI manane zAMta karavA mArga levo joIe tathA duniyAnAM badhAM pralobhane cheDIne ekAMta vAsa karavo joIe. evA Adarza manuSyae DahApaNa meLavavA mATe carcAthI nahi paNa maunathI zarUAta karavI joIe. lI pachI lInA uddezono abhyAsa karI kanaphyuziyasa nAmane cInane eka sauthI mahAna ciMtaka pALyo. kanaphayuziyasa cInI saMskRtimAM navA yuganuM nirmANa karavAno hato, eNe lIne joyo hato tathA enA vicArene abhyAsa karyo hato. lInA maraNa pachI eNe cInI. prajAne kahyuM ke "pakSio kevI rIte UDe che. mAchalIo kema tare che tathA prANIo kevI rIte doDe che te huM jANuM chuM. ane huM jANuM chuM ke deDanArAo mATe jALa bichAvI rAkhelI hoya che. taranArAo mATe gala goThavI rAkhelA hoya che tathA UDanArAM mATe. bANa tAkI rahelAM hoya che."

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prakaraNa 4 kanaphayuziyasa buddha ane IzunI jema karyuziyasanA jIvananI AsapAsa lokapriya daMtakathAo vaNAI che. ItihAsa ema kahe che ke kanphayuziyasa zoTuMga IlAkAnA suku nAmanA sthaLamAM I. pU. 551 mAM janmyo hato. enA bhAvikee kumArIkAne peTe thayelA ene gerakAyadesara janmanI AsapAsa daivI daMtakathAonA aMtaro UbhA karyA che. jyAre eno janma thayo tyAre enA bApanI umara sIttera varSanI hatI ane e traNa varSa thaye tyAre enA pitAnuM maraNa thayuM. nAnI ummaramAM kaphyuziyasa para nirvAhanI javAbadArI AvI paDI. e saMgIta ane bANuvidyAmAM niSNuta banyo. eNe ogaNIsa varSanI ummare lagna karyuM ane trevIsa varSanI ummare eNe enI strIne tyAga karyo. kuTuMbanI javAbadArImAMthI mukta thaI eNe pitAnA gharane zALA banAvI dIdhI ane lokazikSaNanI zarUAta karI sokreTIsanI jema eNe vAtacItathI lekene zikSaNa ApavA mAMDyuM. tathA sokreTIsanI jemaja eNe jJAna ane vartanane eka haroLamAM mUkyAM. enI sAthe enA vidyArthI e rahevA lAgyA tathA enA vidyArthIe enI zALAnI bahAra rastA para ane cakale

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21 cakale enI AsapAsa vIMTaLAvA lAgyA. pachI theADAM varSa ane zaMgaTune nyAyAdhIza banAvavAmAM Avye. paNa pachI enI AsapAsa kAvatrAM zarU thayAM. adhIkArIoe enA tarapha dhRtarAjInI najare joyuM kanphayuziyase peAtAnI jagAnA tyAga karyo ane pachI dharabAra vinA tera varSa sudhI bhaTakayo. eNe tera varSanA anubhava pachI kahyuM ke sadguNa ane saune cAhanAra kAi paNa mANasa enA jovAmAM Avyu` nathI. pachI sIttera varSanI ummare kanphyuziyasane eka ThAkAre AmaMtraNa ApyuM. pAMca varSa sudhI kanphyuziyasa zAMtithI, sAdAIthI ane saraLatAthI jIvye . paMceAtera varSanI ummare maraNa pAmyA. enA maraNanA divase e gAtA sabhaLAye! hatA ke "meTA pavatA kSINa thaI jAya che. meTI mArate! nAza pAme che. ane meTA DAhyA mANase karamAi jAya che." kanphyuziyase ciMtananI koi zikhA rajU karI nathI. pramANuzAstranA niyame racIne nahi paNa vAteA karIne eNe cInanA leAkAne vyavahArU pramANuzAMstra zIkhavyuM. enA vicAramAM mULabhUta avAja manuSyanA vartana mATenA hatA, ane tethI eNe potAnA ciMtanane leAkAcAra ane sarakAranA vana tarapha de!ryuM che. jo ke eNe leAkeAne purANI nItirItione vaLagI rahevAnuM, pUjapUjAne sAcavI rAkhavAnuM tathA rASTrIya yajJayAge!ne jALavI rAkhavAnuM kahyuM hatuM, paraMtu dhArmika vidhAnA tarapha e khUba bhedarakAra hatA tathA enI vicArasaraNImAM e ajJeyavAdI hatA. ene eka mAtra Avega nIti mATenA hatA. ene peAtAnA samayanI aMdhAdhuMdhInA Arthika ane sAmAjika kAraNA na samajAvAne lIdhe te aMdhera naitika aMdhera lAgyuM. tathA e aMdheranA upAya tarIke teNe jJAna ane satyanI zeAdhane tathA sakhata rIte niyamana pAmelA kuTuM.vananI nItimattAne AgaLa dharyAM. eNe enA zikSaNanu hAI nIcenA zabdemAM ApyuM cheH "prAcIna kALamAM badhuM sArUM ane

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suvyavasthita hatuM kAraNake sarakArI taMtradvArA lokonA saguNa AcAramAM UtaratA hatA. sarakArI taMtra saguNa hatuM kAraNake kuTuMbajIvane niyamita hatA. kuTuMbajIvane niyamita hatAM kAraNake lokajIvana AcArazuddha hatAM. lokonA AcAra zuddha hatA kAraNake teo temanA hadayanI zuddhi karatA hatA. temanA hadayanI zuddhi thatI hatI kAraNake temanA vicAro sahadaya hatA. emanA vicAramAM sahadayatA zakya banI hatI kAraNake temanuM jJAna khUba vizALa hatuM ane jJAna vizALatA vastuonI samaja ane zodha para hatI." kayuziyasanA upadezane A mukhya avAja hatA. kayuziasanI vicArasaraNIne rAjanaitika sura eNe rajU karelA vyaktivikAsa ke vyaktivAdamAMthI Utarato hato. e kahetA hatuM ke "mAbApa taraphanI bALakonI AjJAdhArakatA upara tathA strInI potAnA pati taraphanI AdhInatA upara samAjavyavasthA nabhe che. jyAre e AjJAdhArakatA ane AdhInatA karatAM eka moTo kAyado nItino kAyado che ema e kahete hate. nItinA kAyadA pramANe mAbApa ke patinI AjJA agya hoya to tene pratikAra karavAnI te bALako ane strInI naitika pharaja bane che tathA sarakAranI agya AjJA sAme thavAnI pharaja tenA pradhAnanI bane che. kanphayuziyasanA A zabdomAM ATalA zabdo mAbApa pati tathA sarakAra jevA mAlikanA daivI haka sAme temanA AdhIna lekene baLavo karavA daivI haka ApatA hatA ane te paNa kahyuziyasanI aMdara lekene viplavane vicAra Ape tevuM kaI lakSaNa hatuM nahi. kanphayuziyase rajU kareluM rAjakAraNa khelatuM hatuM ke rAjyataMtrane pahele niyama rAjyakartAnA cAritryano che. rAjyakartA tathA tenA amaladAronI cAritryazuddhi prajAne saMskArI banAve che tethI temaNe dravyano saMgraha tathA vilAsane tyAgavA joIe. zikSAo ochI

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273 karavI joI e tathA zikSaNa vadhAravuM joI e. kAraNake zikSaNathI eka khIjA sAthe jhagaDatA varSoM bhUsAI jAya che. kanphyuziyasanA A zikSaNe te samayanA aMdhArA jIvanane joItA hatA tevA UjAsa ApyA nahi. leAkeAnAM jIvanane rUMdhatAM paribaLe! ethI aTakI gayAM nahi. ulaTuM e zikSaNe leAkajIvanane cAritrya ane sAmAjika vyavasthA dhaDavAnA avyavahArU sUtreAthI AMdhI lIdhuM. cInI prajAnI mANusAI ane prANu sadguNanI niSkriyatA ane jaDatAmAM rUMdhAI gayAM. leAkajIvanamAMthI AnaMda ane sAhasanI vRtti UkheDI nAMkhavAnA prayatna thaye!. mitrAcArI ane prema paNa DadhAI gayAM. cAritryanA nAmamAM strIe nIca manAI ane jakaDAI gaI tathA pragati rUMdhAI gaI. pachInA kALa kanyUyuziyasanI vicArasaraNI sAmenI carcA ane virAdhane kALa banI rahyA. ciMtananA sUtreA para vitaMDAvAda khelatA banAsanA badhA paDatA ane ethensanA sejhIsTAnI jema jIvAnee zabdonAM yuddho kheAlavA mAMDayA. merI nAmanA eka vicAraka kanphyuziyasanI vicArasaraNImAMthI UgyA. e paNa kanphyuziyasanI jema lUne vatanI hatA. eNe kanphyuziyanA vicArane avyavahArU kahIne vakheADI kADhayo. eNe manuSyanA vyavahAra mATe premane sauthI AgaLa dharyuM. eNe jUnA dhArmika vahemAne jAgRta karyAM tathA preta ane devapUjAne uttejana ApyuM. eNe kahyuM ke " mANasA eka khIjAne cAhatAM zIkhI jAya te! majabUta leAkeA nabaLAnA zikAra na kare tathA ceDA le!! ghaNAone lUTe nahi ane zrImA garImeAne na apamAne. svA e badhA aniSTonuM mULa che. eka nAnAmAM nAnI vastunI cArI karanAra zikSAne pAtra hAya te ekabIjA para caDhAI karanAra rAjyeA paNa zikSAne pAtra che." eNe te samayanA rAjyataMtranI ane sarakAranI sakhta TIkA zarU karI. enI sAme amaladAre ane rAjakartAonI tirAjI thaI. enA pustakaiAne saLagAvI mUkavAnA hukama thayeA.

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ra74 pachI eka menziyasa nAmane ciMtaka thayo. eNe zIkhavyuM ke strIone pitAnI jAta mATe kAMI paNa adhikAra nathI. e lekee traNa jaNanI parAdhInatA svIkAravI joIe. lagna pahelAM mAbApanI, lagna pachI dhaNInI ane vidhavA thayA pachI potAnA putranI. eNe rAjakAraNamAM lokasattA karatAM rAjasattAne vadhAre pasaMdagI ApI tathA rAjyataMtranI sudhAraNa mATe rAjAnI saMskAritA upara bhAra mUkyo ane kahyuM ke sAmAjika muzkelIo sarakAro bagaDavAthI UbhI thAya che tethI rAjakartAe ciMtake hevA joIe ane ciMtake rAjA hevA joIe. menziyasanA A zikSaNamAM pleTanA taraMgI samAjavAdanI chAyA hatI. tathA je savAlo Aje ApaNI pAse Ukela mAMgI rahyA che tevA savAlonI mUMjhavaNa hatI. te samayanA mAlika banelA rAjAoe menziyasane tyAga karyo ane enI baMdhiyAra vicArasaraNIne lIdhe te samayanA uddAmavAdIoe paNa eno tyAga karyo. e arasAmAM, zuMziMga nAmanA eka baLavAkhore majUra saramukhatyArInA nAmamAM viplavane vAvaTo pharakAvyo tathA mAMgaNI karI ke zramajIvI lekeja sarakArI taMtranA saramukhatyAra banavA joIe. menziyase A avAjane tiraskArI kADho tathA tene badale sarakArI taMtra vidvAnenA hAthamAM AvavuM joIe ema kahyuM e sAthe sAthe eNe samAjanA cAlatA zoSaNane dhikkAryuM. yuddhane tiraskAra karyo. kayuziyasa pachI menziyase lokonA vicAra pravAha para kAbu meLavyo. TheTha 1911 sudhI cInanA lokoe menziyasanI pUjA karI. menziyasanA ciMtane aneka savAlo ubhA karyA hatA. je enA pachInA vicArake jorazorathI pUchatA hatA. mANasa zuM svabhAvathI ja sAre ke narasa thaI zake che? samAjanA aniSThAne mATe zuM mANasane svabhAva javAbadAra che? zikSaNathI gunhAo ochA thaI zake tathA saNuNo vadhI zake te zuM zakya che? ciMtake

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275 rAjataMtra calAvI zakavAnI AvaDatavALA che ? emanA taraMgo sabhAjane sudhAravA karatAM aMdheramAM ja nAkhI de tema nathI? A saumAM eka vAstavavAdI zuna-jI nAmano hato. e bIjA hAmsanI jema lakhato hato. "mANasano svabhAva duSTa che tathA naphe meLavavAnI vRttivALo che. e vRttine lIdhe ene hariphAIne itarAjImAM UtaravuM paDe che ne tene lIdhe samAjamAM hiMsA ane zoSaNa cAlI rahyAM che. prAcIna kALanA rAjAoe manuSya svabhAvanA A khyAlathI milkatanA rakSaNanA ane saguNanA kAyadAo bAMdhyA hatA tathA manuSyanI svArthavRttine niyamanamAM rAkhavA vyavasthA sthApI hatI." pachI e mANasanI sakAraNatA ane buddhi para bhAra mUkatAM jaNAvo hato ke buddhinA zikSaNathI manuSyanI duSTavRtti sAdhuvRti banI zake che. pachI zuAMga-jhI nAmanA eka AdarzavAdIne avAja cInamAM saMbhaLAI rahyo. rUsanI jema eNe manuSyane kudarata batAvI tathA eNe potAnA jIvanane kudarata tarapha preryuM. eNe rAjAo ane amaladArone cere sAthe sarakhAvavA mAMDyA ane kahyuM ke je kaI vicArakanA hAthamAM rAjasattA Ave to teNe pite kaMIja na karatAM badhI rAjasattA lokonA hAthamAM soMpI devI joIe. te kaheto hato ke suvarNayugamAM pazuo ane pakSIo sAthe manuSya kudaratI jIvana jIvato hato ane tyAre badhI samAnatA hatI. ane mANasanA samAjamAM UMca ane nIca hatA nahi. DAhyo mANasa teja che ke rAjataMtra ane sarakArane choDI daI jaMgalamAM jIvana gALavA cAlyA jAya che. evI zuAMganI vicArasaraNuM gUDhavAda ane apakSa aikya tarapha jatI hatI tathA buddha ane upaniSadane sura sAthe maLatI hatI. kadAca koIne ema mAnavAnuM paNa mana thAya ke hiMdane avAja cInamAM praveza karavAnI zarUAta karato hato. ane zuAMga eka ayavAdI tathA nirAzAvAdInI jema gUDha niyatine mAnanAra banatuM hatuM. jyAre guAMga pita maraNanI najIka hato

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276 tyAre enA vidyArthIoe enI marakriyAnI taiyArIo karavA mAMDI. temane rekatAM eNe kahyuM ke "mArI maraNakriyA karavAnI jarUra nathI. AkAza ane pRthvI mArI maDApeTI che. sUraja, caMdra ane tArAo mArA daphananA zaNagAra che. badhI sarajAyelI vastuo mArI smazAvyAtrAmAM AvI che. evI mArI maraNakriyA thaI gayelI che. mane koI daphanAvaze nahi. enA vidyArthIoe jaNAvyuM ke daphanAyA vinAne tamArA zarIrane gIdha jevAM pakSIo khAI jaze. zuAMge hasatAM hasatAM javAba dIdhe ke pRthvI para mane pakSIo bhale khAI jAya. pRthvInI aMdara daphanAtAM paNa e zarIra kIDAothI khavAI javAnuM che. evA cInanA ciMtanano vikAsa hiMdanI jema jerathI AgaLa vadhato hato. je cInane Aje sAmrAjyavAdI zikArIo aMge aMgamAM jhaDapI rahyA che teNe hiMdanI sAthe duniyAne ajoDa evI ciMtanasAmagrInAM mULa purAM pADayAM che. pazcimanA kuzaLa ciMtaka lIbanIjhe pUrvanA dezone ciMtananA phaLadrupa pAyAo tarIke varNavyA che ane eNe kahyuM hatuM ke pazcima cInane kaI paNa vastu zikhavavAne lAyaka nathI. ApaNane sudhAravA mATe cInI prajAe pracArake mekalavA joIe. eNe mahAna pITarane cIna sudhI eka meTe rasto bAMdhavAnI vinaMtI karI hatI. ane cIna ane yurepa vacce saMskRtino saMparka sAdhavA ke ane barlinamAM saMsthAo sthApavAnI mAMgaNI karI hatI. phijhIogreTase lAejhI ane zuAMga-jhI pAsethI preraNA meLavI hatI. rUsee paNa e be vicAraka pAsethI pitAnuM ciMtana bAMdhyuM hatuM tathA veDhere kanphayuziyasa ane menziyasanI vicAraNA para vistAra karyo hato. 1770 mAM gaLee cInanA ciMtanane abhyAsa karavA duniAne vinavI hatI tathA enA ghaDapaNamAM jyAre duniyA eka bIjA sAme tepe mAMDI beThI hatI tyAre e vRddha gathe duniAnA du:kha nivAravAne upAya cInI sAhItyamAMthI zodhate beThA hatA.

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prakaraNa 5 itihAsa rekhA. bIjA ciMtakonI jema kanphayuziyasa duHkhada bharaNuM pAmyo kAraNa ke ciMtake athaDAtA svArthovALI duniyAmAM ekatA sthApavA mAMgatA hoya che tathA aiyanA upAyo upadezatA hoya che paNa cInamAM ciMtakonA upadezoe aikaya sthApyuM nahi, paNa tethI ulaTa saDe vadhata gaye. bhaMgANa ane adhera prajAne pIDavA lAgyAM. paNa pAchA e ekatA lAvanAra dekhAya te ciMtaka nahato, lazkarI ane rAjakAraNuM puruSa hato. eNe cInanA vibhAjIta rAjyamAM ekatA lAvavA kanphayuziyasanAM badhAM pustako saLagAvI mUkavAnuM paheluM pharamAna karyuM. paNa ekatAne lazkarI avAja cIna para patharAya te pahelAM cuM-pIMga nAmanA eka kavine karUNa avAja cInamAM zamI gayo hato. I. pU. 350 mAM e savAla pUchato hato ke "mAre zuM karavuM? are satya taraphanI vaphAdArIne raste cAlavuM ke saDelA lokAcArane anusaravuM ke pAvaDo ne kodALI laI lohI uchALatAM senApatinA rasAlAmAM joDAvuM? mAre spaSTa zabdo bolI jokhama vaheravAM ke zrImati ane moTerAMone khUza kare evI vANI bolI temane thAbaDavAM? bhAre sadgaNane mArA jIvanamAM vikasAvavo ke mArA

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208 svArthane saphaLa banAvavA bIjAone cUsavA? ene enA savAlene keIe javAba Ape nahIM. aNaukalyAM keyaDAthI vidyala banIne eNe pANImAM DUbI jaI potAnA jIvanano aMta ANe. cInA leke Aje paNa enA maraNane ujave che. pachI cInane jeNe rAjakIya daSTIe eka banAvyA te zI-huAMga-I gerakAyadesara rIte janmyo. ene janma zInanI eka rANIne lune eka pradhAnathI thaya hate. zIe enA bApane AtmaghAta karavAnI pharaja pADI ane enI mAtAne gIraphatAra karI bAra varSanI ummare mAdI pacAvI. pacIsa varSanI ummare cInanA nAnAM nAnAM rAjyo para caDhAI karI temane khAlasA karavA mAMDyAM. I. pU. 230 mAM eNe hAna jIyuM, 228 mAM zAo kabaje karyuM, 223 mAM vI enA tAbAmAM AvyuM ane 222mAM zue enuM zaraNa svIkAryuM tathA chevaTe 221 mAM pena paNa adhikAra nIce AvI gayuM. cInanA itihAsamAM pahelIvAra vijetA zIe zI huMAMgaTI nuM birUda dhAraNa karyuM ane eka rASTranuM baMdhAraNa bAMdhavAnI zarUAta karI. samagra cInanA rAjya taMtra para e lokhaMDI zahenazAha leDathI lehInI cheLo uchALate beThA hatA. enI pratibhAzALI vizALa Akhe hatI. gIdhanI cAMca jevuM aNIdAra nAka hatuM. zikAranAM zakhavALI vizALa chAtI hatI. hiMsAnA nAda jevo ene aghera avAja hato. enA hRdayamAM jANe vAgha ne varUo vasatAM hatAM ema cInane itihAsa bole che. te potAnA sivAya kaI paNa bhagavAnamAM mAnato nahoto ane taravAranA jore AkhA cIna dezane eka karavA sivAya bIjI koI paNa rAjanIti svIkArato nahetA. AkhA cInanuM zAsana saMpAdana karyA pachI eNe uttara taraphathI AvatI dhADene pAchI vALavA tarata dhyAna ApyuM tathA bahAranA e hallAo khALavA mATe duniyAe kadI na dIThelI evI cInanI jamIna kheDanArAonA zramathI paMdaraso mAIla lAMbI evI

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279 pracaMDa divAla baMdhAvI dIdhI. cInanI dharatIne khUMdavA nIkaLelA huNa lokonA dhADAM e divAla AgaLa aTakI gayAM ane pazcima tarapha yuropamAM dhasyAM tathA ITAlI para UtarI paDyAM. huNanA AkramaNathI rAma tArAja thaIne paDayuM kAraNa ke cIne pracaMDa:divAla bAMdhI hatI. zI hu-AMgIno lIsu nAmano mukhya pradhAna hato. ene cInanuM rAjya baMdhAraNa ghaDavAnuM soMpavAmAM AvyuM. cInanI ThAkarazAhInI sattA teDI nAMkhI eNe umarAvone amaladAre banAvyA ane e amaladAre para rASTrIya pradhAnamaMDaLanI sattA sthApI. e uparAMta eNe yojelI lazkarI saramukhatyArIvALuM dareka jIllAmAM divAnI sUbAthI svataMtra evuM lazkara nImyuM. vyavasthA sAcavavAnA kAyadAo ghaDavyA. amaladArI vidhio saraLa banAvI. nANAkhAtuM vyavasthita karyuM. kheDUtone jamInanA mAlika banAvyA. pATanagara ina-kAMgathI moTA moTA rastAo baMdhAvyA. te samayanA eka pATanagaramAM savAlAkha jeTalA jabarajasta moTA zrImaMta leke rahetA hatA. A navI rAjyavyavasthAmAM vijJAnane uttejana ApavAmAM AvyuM. tathA ciMtako ane taraMgI sAhItyakArane dabAvavAmAM AvyA. sAhItyanA sarjane gUMgaLAvA mAMDyA. bhUtakALane rajavADI itihAsa A navA zahenazAhane lekenuM patana karanAre dekhAya. vartamAna uparathI e bhUtakALane rajavADI paDachAye dUra karavA mATe eNe prAcIna itihAsanAM badhAM pustako saLagAvI devAne hukama karyo. sAhItyanI paNa citta khaDakAI. menziyasanA pustako tathA vijJAnanAM pustako ekalAM e agnimAMthI UgarI gayAM. lekAe pustake saMtADavA mAMDayAM paNa te samaye pustaka vAMsanI paTTIo para lakhAtAM hevAthI abhyAsI ane sAhItyakAre mATe temane saMtADavAnuM kAma agharuM banatuM hatuM. e rIte prAcIna sAhItyanA pustakomAMthI saMtADanArA ghaNAkharAne gIraphatAra karI uttaramAM caNAtI mahAna divAlamAM majUrI karavA mokalavAmAM AvyA tathA 460 jaNane mArI nAMkhavAmAM AvyA.

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280 zrImatA ane umarAvAnA kuTu ene nAza karavA mATe, lekhana ane vANInA svAtaMtrya para tarApa mAravA mATe zahenazAha enA chellAM varSomAM mitra vinAne khanI garcA. enuM khUna karavAnA prayatna thavA lAgyA. eNe kAvatrAMkheArezane peAtAne hAthe kApI nAMkhyA. e peAtAnA ghUMTaNapara nAgI talavAra laTakAvI siMhAsana para besatA hatA ane peAtAnA rAjamahAlayamAM kayA khaMDamAM pAte sUve che tenI khabara paDatI naheAtI. sika'dUranI jema e pAte bhagavAna che ema leAkeAne zikhavatA hatA. jema maraNa pAse AvatuM gayuM tema eNe pedA karelI zahenazAhatane sAcavavA mATe enI jIvananI jhaMkhanA vadhatI gaI. eNe amara thavAnuM amRta zodhavA mATe aDhaLaka dravya kharacavA mAMDayuM paNu e maraNa pAmyA ane enuM zaba pATanagaramAM lAvavAmAM AvyuM. seMkaDe! kumArikAe tenA zaba sAthe tenI kharamAM jIvatI daphnAvAmAM AvI. enA vArasadAre enI kabarapara adbhuta zaNagArA karAvyA. e kambaranA chAparA para AkAza cItaravAmAM AvyuM tathA e kabaranI chatapara zahenazAhatanA nakaze! dAravAmAM AvyA. kabaranI adara purAyalA zahenazAhanA zabane tathA e zamane upabhAga ApavA jIvatI danAI gayelI kumArikAone prakAza ApavA ara para aneka dIvAo saLagI rahyA hatA. zahenazAhanI e vizALa mbaramAM enI DAgADIne laI janAra majUrone paNa jIvatA daphanAvI devAmAM AvyA kAraNa ke jo e lAvratA bahAra Ave te zahenazAhanA zabane khAnagI rastA batAvI de. jema kAI paNa saramukhatyAranA maraNa pachI thAya che tema enA maraNa pachI pAchu aMdhera UtaryuM. leAkeAe baLavA karyAM ane enA dIkarAne mArI nAMkhyA enA rAjavazane aMta AvyA. eka khIjAnA harIk rAjAoe peAtAnAM rAjya krIthI sthApyAM. pachI eka kAe-zu e rAjagAdI jhaDapI lIdhI ane hAnavazanI sthApanA karI. e hAnavaMzamAM vu-TI nAmaneA zahenazAha sauthI mahAna thayA. eNe I.

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281 pU. 1407 sudhI rAjya karyuM. eNe caDhI AvatA jaMgalI vekene pAchA haThAvyA tathA cInanA sAmrAjyane koriyA, maMcurIA, InAma, InDocAyanA ane turkastAna sudhI vistAryuM. e zahenazAhe utpAdananA sAdhanonI rASTrIya mAlikI sthApI tathA e rIte vyaktigata mANasone jamIna ane parvatamAMthI nIkaLatA dravyanA mAlIka thaI jatA aTakAvyA. mIThuM ane huM tathA kephI pINAne sarakArI ijArAvALAM banAvavAmAM AvyAM. eNe mAla laI javA lAvavAnA vyavahArane tathA vecANa ane kharIdIne tathA e rIte badhA vepAravyavahArane rASTrIya paddhati para mUkyA. e rIte meTA vepArI ane dukAnadAronA naphA aTakI gayA. eNe meTAM meTAM jAhera bAMdhakAma karavA mAMDayAM. pulo baMdhAvyA tathA nahera khodAvI. thoDA samaya sudhI A navI paddhati khUba jozamAM cAlI rahI. samIpa pUrvanA dezo sAthe cInane vepAra dhamadhokAra vaLe. pATanagara loyAnamAM vasatI tathA delata UbharAvA mAMDyA. rAjyanA bhaMDAra chalakAI gayA. vidhatA vadhI tathA cInane udyoga khUba vikAsa pAmyo. cInane A vikAsa agAu kadI thayA na hatA. pachI putrInA maraNa pachI corAzI varSe bIje zahenazAha sudhAraka tarIke gAdI para Avyo. enuM nAma vAMga-mAMga hatuM eNe pitAnI AsapAsa rAjakAraNuM puruSane badale vidvAne tathA ciMtake bhegA karavA mAMDyA. cInanAM bIjA rAjyamAM gulAmIno vikAsa joI ene AghAta thayuM. eNe zarUAtamAM ja gulAmI nAbUda karI tathA vunTInI jema jamInanI mAlikI rASTrIya banAvI. eNe jamIna sarakhe bhAge vaheMcI nAkhI tathA kheDUtone ApI ane jamInanA vecANa ke kharIdI baMdha karyo. eNe mAla utpanna karanAra kheDUtane vepArI ane zAhukAranI pakaDamAMthI bacAvavAno prayatna karyo. badhe vepAra sarakAra poteja karavA mAMDI. paNa enI badhI yojanAo vikrALa-kudarata tathA sAmAjika aMdheramAM bhAMgI paDavA lAgI..

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382 pralaya tathA duSkALe cInanI dharatIne ujjaDa karI. tenA duzmane e tenI Arthika cejanAne bhAMgI nAMkhavA kAvatrAM karavA mAMDayAM. vepArIoe paisA ApI leAkeAne enI sAme baLaveA karavA uzkeryAM. zIyuMga nAmanA jaMgalI leAkeA uttara taraphanA ilAkAomAM UtarI paDacA. lI-u nAmanA eka meTA. zrImaMte peAtAnA paisAthI A badhAM aMdherane AgaLa dhapAvyAM. vAMga--mAMgane mArI nAMkhavAmAM AvyA, enA sudhArAne bhUMsI nAkhavAmAM AvyA, tathA rIvAra badhuM hatuM tevuM thaI gayuM. e rIte hAnavaMza vinAza pAmyuM. nAnA nAnA rajavADA ne ThakarAtA pharI pAchAM sthapAI gayAM. tAtAra leAkeA cInapara UtarI AvyA tathA uttaranA pradezeA jItavA mAMDayAM. cInanuM jIvana avyavasthita banI gayuM. saMskRtine udaya aTakI gayA. vijetAe AkhA cInapara atyAcAra karatA bhamavA mAMDayA. cInI prajAe chevaTe e vijetAone svIkAryA tathA e vijetAe cInane peAtAnuM vatana banAvyuM. bannee lagna sabadhathI leAhI eka karyuM. pAche| cInanA vanamAM saMskRtine vikAsa zarU thayeA. e samaya I.sa. 627 ne! hatA. tyAre cInane! sauthI mahAna zahenazAha TAi--zRMga gAdI para AvyA. eNe zarUAtamAM peAtAnA bhAI enAM khUna karAvyAM pachI eNe peAtAnI lazkarI zaktivaDe dhasI AvatI paradezI TALIne pAchI haTAvI. paNa e samaye 'imAMthI khuddanI asara cInapara UtarI cUkI hatI. zahenazAha ekAeka yuddhathI kAMTALI gaye. tathA pe|te pATanagara pAche AvI zAMtine vicAra karavA lAgyuM. eNe kanphyuziyasanAM pustakA karI karIne vAMcyAM. eNe vilAsa ane ezaArAmane! tyAga karyAM. eNe peAtAnA upabhAga mATe rAkhelI traNa hajAra strIone mukta karI. jyAre enA pradhAne e gunegArAnu damana karavAne sakhata pagalAM levAnI salAha ApI tyAre te leAkAne eNe kahyuM ke " jo huM mArA ane mArA amaladArAnA kharaca ochA karUM, karaverAne haLavA karUM, kevaLa

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283 pramANika amaladAranI nimaNuMka karuM te mArA lokone roTalI, raheThANa. ane kapaDAM jarUra pUratAM maLI rahe ane tema thAya teja keIpaNa jAtanI zikSAonA kAyadA vinA huM gunegArIne nAbUda karI zakuM." eka divase eNe pitAnA pATanagara zAMga AnanuM eka kAgAra joyuM. temAM dehAMta daMDanI zikSAvALA basenevuM kedIo bharavAnI rAha jotA eNe dIThA. e saune eNe mukta karyo tathA darekane emanA nirvAha mATe jamIna ApI tathA eNe kAyado ghaDyo ke koIpaNa zahenazAhe traNa divasanA apavAsa karyA vinA koIpaNa gunehagArane dehAMta zikSA karavI nahi. eNe enA pATanagarane khUba sarasa rIte zaNagAryuM. hiMda ane yuropamAMthI mahemAnonAM ToLeToLAM enA pATanagaramAM AvavA lAgyAM. hiMdamAMthI buddha sAdhuo khUba moTI saMkhyAmAM AvyA tathA cInamAMthI bauddha vidvAne hiMdamAM abhyAsa mATe javA lAgyA. zahenazAhe bahArathI AvatA vidharmIone satkAryA tathA te saune-rahevAnI vyavasthA karI ApI ane pracAranI saMpUrNa svataMtratA karI ApI. eka paNa aMdha mAnyatAmAM mAnyA vinA e pote maraNa paryatA sAdo ane saraLa e kanphayuziyana rahyo. jyAre enuM maraNa thayuM tyAre kenI nirAzAne zeka apAra banyA tathA temaNe zahenazAhanI kabara para potAnA zarIramAMthI lehI kADhIne chAMTavAM. e zahenazAhe cInanA sarjaka yuga mATeno raste bAMdhyo hato. cInane pacAsa varSo sudhI zAMta ane sthira sattA ApI hatI. cInanI jamIna phaLadrupa banI hatI tathA udyogo vikAsa pAmatA hatA. cInanAM sarovara upara suMdara hoDIomAM loko AnaMda vihAra karatA hatA. cInanI nadIo ane nahero vepArI vyavahArathI uttechata banI hatI tathA cInanA baMdaremAMthI hiMdanA samudramAM tathA parziyAnA akhAtamAM TAmeTAM vahANo saphara karatAM hatAM. cInanI AbAdIne e sauthI mahAna kALa hato. e samaye jyAre

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284 yureApamAM rezamanA kapaDAMnI kI`mata tenA vajana jeTaluM seAnu` hatI tyAre cInanA leAkeAnA rAjane peASAka rezama hatA. tenA pATanagaranI pAsenA gAmeAmAM rezama vaNavAnAM evA to meTAM kArakhAnAM hatAM ke eka gAmanA kArakhAnAmAM ekalAkha majUrI kAma karatAM hatAM. hIrAomAM zIlpIe mUrtie ghaDatA hatA tathA zrImatAnA muDadAMo meAtInI pathArIomAM dATatAM hatAM. evI te vakhatanI jabaradasta AAdI hatI. pachI IsavIsana 713 mAM srIna para zahenazAhanAM zAsana hatAM. cIna e samaye saMskRtinuM agragAmI hatuM. sattAmAM sarvoparI hatuM. jJAnamAM sarvottama hatuM tathA vikAsamAM asAdhAraNa banyuM hatuM. te samayanI duniyAmAM cInanI sarakAranuM taMtra sarvotkRSTa dekhAtuM hatuM. e badhI AbAdInA zikharapura mIMgahuvAMga rAjya karatA hatA. e rAjA kavitAe lakhatA hatA tathA dUranA dezApara AkramaNu karatA hatA. eNe TarkI parziyA ane samarakaMda . para adhikAra jamAvI temanI pAsethI kha`DaNI lIdhI. eNe dehAMtada MDanI zikSA nAbUda karI kedakhAnAM sudhAryA, adAlatAne vyavasthita karI kavie kalAkArI ane vidvAnane uttejana ApyuM. saMgItanI vidyApIThe. badhAvI. eNe eka marajAdInI jema rAjyanI zarUAta karI. rezamamAM jaMtuonI hiMsA thatI hAvAthI rezamanA kArakhAnAM adha karAvyAM. rAjamahelanI badhI strIene suMdara pASAka tathA jhaverAta nahi paheravAnA hukama karyAM. paNa pachI dhIme dhIme enA marajAdIpaNAne aMta AvatA gayA ane enA jIvananA aMta sudhImAM e AnaMde bhegavanArA tathA kalA ne vilAsane upabhega karanAre khatI gaye.. chevaTe ene enI rAjyagAdInA eka yAMga vIDDI nAmanI bAInA meAhane lIdhe tyAga karavA paDayA. jyAre e strIne e pahelIvAra. maLyA tyAre pAte sATha varSane! hatA te satAvIza varSanI hatI. daza varSa sudhI e bAI enA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat mA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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285 chekarAnI rakhAta tarIke rahI hatI. zahenazAha paNa e strIne cahAte hato kAraNa ke te jakakI hatI mahatvAkAMkSI hatI sattAzIla hatI ane mithyAbhimAnI hatI. zahenazAha mIMga e strIne mahAna pavitra kahete hatA. zahenazAhe enI sobatamAM rAjataMtra tarapha bedarakAra rahevA mAMDayuM tathA sarakArI badhI sattAo eNe e mahAna pavitra strInA bhAIne hAthamAM soMpI dIdhI. jyAre enI AsapAsa vinAzanAM paribaLo jAmatAM hatAM tyAre e divasa ne rAta vilAsa ane AnaMdamAM mazagula rahevA lAgyo. eka luzAMga nAmano darabArI paNa e yAMga vI-phIne cahAte hato tathA pite uttaranA eka IlAkAne gavarnara hato. eNe ekAeka baLa pikAryo tathA pitAnI jAtane zahenazAha tarIke jAhera karI. maga pATanagaramAMthI nAzI gayo enA sipAIoe enI sAme ja pelI bAIne kApI nAMkhI. e baLavAmAM traNa karoDane 60 lAkha lokone nAza thaye. pachI 762 mAM e baLa zamyA pachI zahenazAha mIMga pAcho pATanagaramAM Avyo ne maraNa pAmyo. pachI I. sa. 1255 nI AsapAsa venisanA suvarNa yuganA samayamAM ghasAI gayelA ne gharaDA lAgatA be mANaso cIMtharehAla avasthAmAM venisane AMgaNe utaryA hatA tathA chavIsa varSa pahelAM venisanA je gharamAMthI e leko musApharI karavA nIkaLI gayA hatA te gharamAM pharI pAcho praveza mAMgatA hatA. e kahetA hatA ke temaNe ghaNuM bhayaMkara samudropara saphara karI che. UMcA parvato oLaMgyA che, medAne ne raNe parathI musApharI karI che, tathA cAra vakhata cInanI mahAna dIvAlamAM thaIne gayA che ne vIsa varSa sudhI cInamAM rahyA che. e loka kahetA hatA ke emaNe duniyAnA sauthI mahAna sattAdhIza evA rAjAnI nokarI karI che tathA e leke yuropane khyAla paNa na Ave evA moTA moTA nagaravALA sAmrAjyamAM pharyA che. mANasanA mAthAM karatAM ghaNAM moTAM evAM phaLa khAdhAM che.

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286 seAnAnA DhagalA joyA che tathA evA pradezamAM rahyA che ke jyAM lagna pahelAM kaumArAvasthA maTI jatI hatI tathA jyAM leke peAtAnI dIkarIe ane strIone upabheAga mahemAnane chuTathI karavA detA hatA. evI evI aneka vicitra vAta peAtAne tyAM iTAlImAM AvIne karatA hatA. e vAta! karanArAmAMnA ekane tenI vicitra vArtAne anurUpa evA mArko mIlIyansa nAmathI eLakhatA hatA. e mArkA enA bApA sAthe sattara varSanI ummare lIkhAnena patAne eLaMgIne meseApeTemIA thane parziyana akhAta tarapha gayA hatA ane tyAMthI pa A khurAsAna ane bAlu thaine pAmIranA ucca pradeza tarapha gayA hatA. tyAMthI e leAkeA vaNajhArAe sAthe dhIme dhIme kAsgara ane kheATAna tarapha pahoMcyA hatA ane geAkhInA raNamAM thaine zAntunI mahAna divAlamAM peThA hatA. tyAMnA mahAna khAne temane pazcimanA namra pratidhini tarIke AvakAra ApyA hatA. e khAna kulAI khAna hatA. tathA cInane mAlika anI kheDA hatA. itihAsa kahetA hatA ke eNe ane enA mAMgAla pUrvajoe cInane jItyuM hatuM. mAMgeAla leke uttara pazcima taraphte pradeza Nu banI jatAM tyAMnA mAMgeAla athavA mIra leke navAM khetare jItavA nIkaLI paDayA hatA tathA e vijayI banatA megela le!kA Akhe| eziyA tathA yureApanA thADA bhAge jItatA sudhI aTakavA nahotA. emanI phUca varSoM sudhI vijayaMta AgaLa ne AgaLa vadhatI hatI tathA emanI taravAre| aTakavyA vinA lehI TapakAvatI hatI. emane eka bhayaMkara saradAra jaMgIsakhAna nAmane hatA. jANe mANasanA leAhInI cheThaLa uchALavA ja janmyA hAya eve e praca'Da hatA. enI tera varSanI ummare mAMgeAla leAkAnI judI judI TALI eNe eka karI hatI ane e ekatA ane vinAzamAM enA trAsavAda e sauthI saphaLa hathiyAra hatuM. enA hAthe je maratAM nahI' te keda pakaDAtAM ane je keda pakaDAtAM temane lAkaDAnA

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287 gadheDAM sAthe jakaDI bAMdhavAmAM AvatAM tathA temanA zarIranA TUkaDA karI nAMkhavAmAM AvatA hatA ane temane vatAM ne vatAM kaDhAImAM ukALavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. eNe eka divasa nIMga-suMga nAmanA cInanA zahenazAhane saMdezA meLaLyeA hateA. cInanA zAhe lakhelA patramAMthI e zahenazAhajaMgIsakhAnane peAtAne zaraNe AvavAnI mAMgaNI karatA hatA. e mAMgaNI vAMcIne saLagI UThele jaMgIsakhAna eka rAkSasI sApanA AkAravALA siMhAsana parathI thUMkA ane eNe enA lazkarAne tAbaDatAba taiyAra thavAnA hukama karyAM. bArasA mAIla vistAra pAmelA geAkhInA raNa parathI lazkarI kUca zarU thaI gaI ane tyAMthI cInanA pazcima ilAkAo para jaMgIsakhAnanI jaMgI senAnAM pagalAM khakhaDayAM. cInanA tevu nagara evAMtA tArAja karavAmAM AvyAM hatAM ke e nagare hatAM tyAM manuSyanI vasatIne eke avazeSa dekhAtA na hatA tathA e pAdhara banelA cInI nagarAmAM thaI ne aMdhArAmAM paNa te kUca saphaLa thaI zakI hatI. peAtAne AkhI mAnavajAtanA zahenazAha kahevaDAvatA e jaMgIsakhAne uttara cInane paNa ujjaDa karI dIdhuM. pachI enA vArasadArAmAM ceAgADAI, bhagu ane pukhtAi evA traNa jaNu hatA. venisamAM pAche AvelA mArkApelA kublAIkhAnanI vAta karatA hatA. e kablAIkhAne paNa jagIsakhAte zarU kareDhA sahAra AgaLa dhakhAvyA hatA. sahAra sAme ajoDa evI vIratA batAvIne cInanAM nara nArIe homAi jatAM hatAM. jInIMgapu nAmanA eka sthaLane jyAre kublAkhAne ghere brAnce tyAre tyAMnA cInA leke ekeeka puruSa maraNa pAmatAM sudhI laDyA hatA. nagaranI divAla pAchaLa ekalI strIe vatI hatI. e strIe AkhA nagarane saLagAvI jIvatI saLagI gaI hatI. kenTIna pAse e kublAIkhAnanA lazkara AvatAM e mAMgela vijetAne hAthe kapAI maravAM karatAM eka lAkha cInAe

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288 dariyAmAM DUbI gayA hatA. e rIte AkhA cIna para sattA esaDatA bahArathI AvelA mAMgela leAkeAe se| varSa sudhI cIna para rAjya karyuM. pachI dhIme dhIme e mAMgeAla leke cInanI saMskRti svIkAravA lAgyA ane cInAo sAthe saparkathI bhaLI jai eka prajA banavA lAgyA tathA peAtAnI zaktinA upayAga pete svIkArelA cInanI samRddI vadhAravA karavA lAgyA. mArke pAle!e kulAikhAna sAthe rahIne cInanA itihAsane abhyAsa karyAM hatA tathA eNe te samayanA cInanA lakhANu varNanA karyAM che. e kukhsAIkhAnanA aMgata jIvananuM varNana karatAM kahe che ke khAne cInanI caDhiyAtI saMskRtine! svIkAra karyAM hatA tathA peAtAnA leAkAnA rItarivAjo cInI prajAnA rItarIvAjo sAthe bheLavI dIdhA hatA. eNe judAjudA dharmo tarapha asahISNutA keLavI hatI, meTa! meTA rastA, nahera, ane bhaMDArA baMdhAvyA hatA. duSkALanA samaya mATe eNe anAjanA kAhArA bharI rAkhyA hatA. nirAdhAra tathA vRddha leAkAne rAjya taraphathI AdhAra ApyA hatA. vidyAkaLAne uttejana Apyu hatuM. khAnanuM aMgata jIvana vilAsanI parAkASThA jevuM hatuM. enI cAra strIeH zahenazAhakhAnu kahevAtI hatI. e uparAMta dara bIje varSe se! strIe khAnanA upabhAga mATe ANavAmAM AvatI hatI. e strIonI bahu jhINavaTathI parIkSA levAmAM AvatI hatI. tathA jemanA zarIra zvAsa ane avAja uttama lAgatA temane ja khAnanI sevAmAM ceAjavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. eka strIne traNa divasa ane traNa rAtrI khAna sAthe rahevuM paDatuM. je daramyAna khAnanI pazu vRtti tenA yatheccha upabhAga karatI. pachI yurepa ane pazcima eziyAmAM dhIme dhIme mAMgela mAkAnA parAjaya thavA mAMDaye ane tenI asararUpe cInamAM paNa

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289 yuAna vaMzanuM patana zarU thayuM. meMgela ke yodhdhAo hatA paNa rAjanItijJa na hatA. eTale cInA lekee e vijetA upara pitAnI sattA jamAvavA mAMDI. dhIme dhIme cInI prajAe meMgela sAthe lagnavyavahAra karavA mAMDyA, temane sudhAravA mAMDyA ane temanI pAsethI rAjasattA paDAvI levA mAMDI. I. sa. 1368 mAM baLa thayo ane e baLavAnA nAyaka eka bauddha bhikSue potAnI jAtane zahenazAha tarIke jAhera karI ane pitAne vaMzane maga vaMza kahyo. enA pachInA yugamAM nAmanA zahenazAhanI hakumata nIce cIna pharIthI AbAda thavA lAgyuM. paNa bahu thoDA samayamAM eka navA lakane dhasAre cInanI divAlamAM peTho ane pekIMgane ghere ghAlavAmAM Avyo. e leke maMcu hatA tathA maMcuke nAmanA pradezamAMthI AvatA hatA. e lekee pitAnI sattA uttaramAM Amura nadI sudhI sthApIne dakSiNanA cInAI pATanagara sudhI kuca karI. chellA mIMgazahenazAhe pitAnA kuTuMbane bheguM karyuM ane potAnI mahArANIne ApaghAta karavAnI AjJA karI. aMtapuranI strIoe paNa pitAnI jAtane mArI nAMkhI. pachI zahenazAhe pitAnI jAtane svecchAe phAMsInA mAMcaDe laTakAvI dIdhI. maMcu lokoe e zahenazAhanA zabane daphanAvyuM ane zIMga vaMzanI sthApanA karI. maMcuo paNa bahu ja thoDA samayamAM cInA banI gayA ane e vaMzanA bIjA zahenazAha kAMga-zIe cInane cInI ItihAsamAM sauthI caDhiyAtI evI rAjavyavasthA ApI. e zahenazAha sAta varSanI ummare gAdIe AvyA hatA tathA tera varSanI ummare teNe pitAnI hakumatanI zarUAta karI hatI. ene kAbu nIce cIna uparAMta megeliyA, maMcuriyA, kariyA, InDocAyanA, InAma, tibeTa ane turkastAna hatA. te samayanuM te sahuthI mahAna sAmrAjya hatuM ane vasatImAM khUba vizALa hatuM. te samayanI duniyAmAM e zahenazAhanA samakAlIne auraMgajheba ane luI caudamo hatA. eNe

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190 1661 thI 1722 sudhI rAja karyuM" tathA cInanA itihAsamAM cInanA rASTrane ajoDa evI AbAdI ApI. AkhI cInI prajAne cetavaNIrUpa eNe maratAM maratAM chellA zabdo kahyA ke " ApaNe khIvA jevuM ane ciMtA karavA jevuM che. theDAka saikAo pachI cIna para luMTaphATa karavA samudro eLaMgIne pazcimanI prajAe AvI lAgaze ema mane lAge che. '' 66 tyArapachI cI`galuMga nAmanA eka zahenazAha gAdIe AvyA. eNe cIna para lAMkhe! samaya rAjya karyuM tathA paMcAI varSanI ummare svecchAe rAjagAdI cheADI. enA jIvananA chellA varSamAM eka banAva banyA jeNe zahenazAha kAMga-zIe bhAkhelu bhaviSya sAcuM paDaze evI AgAhI ApI. agrejoe cInamAM aNu utAravA mAMDayuM. tathA 1796 mAM eka kamizana zahenaza! zIMga luMga pAse vepArI karArA karavA mekalyuM. tathA zahenazAha pAse agreja vepArIone cIna sAthe vepAra karavA devAnI chUTa mAMgI. te vakhate IglAMDanI gAdI para rAjA jyeAja trIjo hateA. zIMgaluMge jyeAja trIjAne nIce pramANe patra lakhyA. bIjA dezeAmAMthI utpanna thatI vastuonI amAre ki Mmata nathI. tathA tamArA dezamAM banatI vastuonI amane jarUra paNa nathI. tethI Apa nAmadAranI vinatine mArA e javAthya che ke ApanA pratinidhinI amArA daramAM nImaNuMka karavI te amArA rAjakIya rivAjathI virUddha vastu che. meM Apa pAse mArA dRSTibiMdue vigatavAra mUkaLyAM che. tathA Apa nAmadAre mekalelA pratinidhine zAMtithI ghera pahoMcI javA ravAnA karyAM che. mArI lAgaNIne mAna ApavuM tathA ApaNA aMdaranA tathA ApaNA svadezanA ja rAjyavahIvaTane sabhALave. eja ApaNA mATe ceAgya che, ' AvA magarUra zabdomAM cIne yurApathI AvatI audyogika krAntinA AkramaNane pATTu vALavAnA prayatna karyAM.

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prakaraNa 6 lAka jIvana cInanA lekajIvanamAM sauthI AgaLa tarI AvatuM ga cInanI ubharAi jatI vasatI che. I. pU. 280mAM cInanI vasatI lagabhaga 1,40,00,000; I.sa. 200 mAM 280,00,000; I. sa. 7ra6 mAM 4,15,00000 tathA I. sa. 1664 mAM 8,90,00,000 tathA 1743 mAM 15,00,00,000 thaI. ane I. sa. 1919 mAM cInanI vastI 33,00,00,000 sudhI pahoMcI. caudamAM saikAmAM eka yurepIana musAphare tenIsathI meTAM evA khase| zaheranI cInamAM gaNatrI karI hatI. Aje ema manAya che ke cInamAM 40,00,00000 jeTalI vasatI che. cInAI leAkeA kadamAM dakSiNa vibhAgamAM TUMkA ane nabaLA che. uttaramAM UMcA ane majabUta che. paNa sAmAnya rIte AkhA eziyAmAM cInI prajA sauthI vadhAre prANavALI che, e prajAne az2INu mArI nAMkhI zakayu nathI tathA ATaATalAM duHkha ane herAnagatI pachI paNa e prajAne nAza zakaya banyA nathI. cInanA lokeAnA caherA dekhAvamAM pRthvI paranI badhI prajA karatAM sauthI vadhAre buddhimAna dekhAya che. cInanA kheDUtAnI strIo puruSA jeTalI ja suMdara ane majabUta che. strI puruSA anenA vALa sakhata hoya che.

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292 tathA strIone phUlone khUba zekha hoya che. I. sa. 970 mAM cInI prajAmAM chokarIonA paga bAMdhavAno rivAja zarU thayo. sAta varSanI ummarathI chokarIonA paga bAMdhI devAmAM AvatA hatA tathA puruSone jAtIya AnaMda Ape evI rIte nAnA paga vALI strIo cAlatI hatI. evA strInA paga viSe vAta karavI ke paga tarapha jovuM te avinaya manAvA mAMDyo eTaluM ja nahi paNa strInA paganA bUTanI vAta. karavI temAM paNa jAtIya saMkeca sevAvA lAgyA. dhIme dhIme paga bAMdhavAne e rivAja AkhI cInI prajAmAM phelAI gayo ane maMcu tathA tAtAra lekoe paNa te svIkAryo. zahenazAha kAMgazIe e. rivAjane baMdha karavAno prayatna karyo paNa tene niSphaLatA maLI. Aje cInanA jIvanamAM cAlI rahelI krAnti teno nAza karI rahI che. cInAI bhASA duniAnI bIjI bhASA karatAM khUba judI paDatI. hatI. e bhASAnA mULAkSara hatA nahi, joDaNI hatI nahi; vyAkaraNa hatuM nahi. A badhAM bhASAnAM aMga zivAya pRthvI paranI sauthI jUnI ane sauthI vadhAre vasatI vALI evI cInI prajAe vANuno. vyavahAra calAvyo che. e bhASAne dareka zabdanAma kriyApada vizeSaNa ke kriyAvizeSaNa enA avAja ke uccAra pramANe banI zake che. eka eka zabdanA cArathI nava sudhInA judA judA avAje hoya che je pramANe tene artha karavAmAM Ave che. huM zabda agaNetara arthavALA che. zI zabdanA ogaNasATha artha che tathA ku zabadanA egaputrIsa artha che. dareka artha sAthe uccArane avAja badalAya che. cInanI lakhANabhASA citro ke AkRttiomAM banelI che. e bhASAmAM chaso cihno mukhya che. dareka zabda uparAMta eke eka vicAranuM pitAnuM svataMtra cihyuM che. dAkhalA tarIke eka cihnano artha cheDe thAya che. bIjAne artha dhoLo ghoDe thAya che. tathA trIjAne artha kapALamAM gheLA cihnavALo gheDe evo thAya che. pakSI ane moDhAne artha nAvuM e thAya che. chAparA nIce UbhelI strIno artha

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293 zAMti thAya che. strI ane puruSa sAthe UbhelAM hoya evA citrane artha vAcALa evo thAya che. sAvaraNI laIne UbhelI strIne artha patni evo thAya che tathA be moDhAM vALI strIne artha kajIe karavo evo thAya che. sAmAnya vyavahAramAM sAmAnya mANasa traNa ke cAra nahajAra cilo jANato hoya che. vicAramAM bolAtI A bhASAno eka lAbha e che ke cInAonI jema ja jApAnI ane kAriyana ke paNa tene jaladI vAMcI zake che. tathA e uparAMta cInanA pradeza para judI judI bhASA bolatI prajAne lakhavAnI eka prathA ApI zakAya che, tathA balAtI bhASA badalAyA karatI chatAM lakhANanI bhASA jevIne tevI kAyama rahe che. cInanI saMskRtimAM cInanI bhASA e eka tenI vizeSatA che. grAmajIvana cInanA prAcIna vatanIo jaMgalo ane pazuo tathA jIva jaMtuo sAme jIvanakalahamAM laDyA haze tathA jamInanA mAlika banyA haze. eka vakhata e haze jyAre cIna bhayaMkara evuM jaMgala haze. ane cInanA prAcIna manuSyanI jAta mahenata e jaMgalane nAza karI tene phaLadrupa jamIna banAvavAno prayatna karyo haze. e samayano jIvanakALa khUba vikaTa ane bhayaMkara hovo joIe kAraNa ke kaI paNa paLe te samayanA lokone jaMgalI mANase ane jaMgalanI paristhiti sAme laDyA ja karavuM paDatuM hatuM. zarUAtanA cInI kheDUto judA judA gharamAM rahevAne badale ToLIbaMdha rahetA tathA gAmanI AsapAsa divAlo caNatA hatA. tathA jamInane kheDavA eka sAthe jatA hatA. - te samayano temanI jamIna kheDavAnI rItabhAta atyaMta sAdI hatI. ane te paNa te AjanI rItabhAtathI ghaNuM judI judI na hatI. kheDuto patthara ane lAkaDAnA tathA lekhaMDanA haLa vAparatA hatA. tathA jamInamAM khAtara nAkhatA hatA. khUba jUnA vakhatathI e

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294 kheDUta loka saMkhyAbaMdha nahere khedatA hatA ane pitAnA khetarane phaLadrupa karatA hatA. e samayanI cInanI khetI khAsa karIne cekhAnI hatI tathA ochA pramANamAM ghaMu ane javanI pedAza paNa thatI hatI. cekhAno upayoga kherAka tarIke tathA dArU banAvavA mATe thato hate. paNa cInane kheDUto vadhAre dArU pItA nahatA-kAraNa ke cInanI janatAnuM mAnItuM pINuM cahI hatI. paMdaramA saikA sudhImAM AkhA dUra pUrvane cahA pIvAne nazo caDhayo hate tathA cahApANInI mIjabAnIo sAmAjIka krama banyo hato. joke mAMsAhAra paNa karatA hatA paraMtu kherAkamAM mAMsa karatAM mAchalAne Upayoga khUba karavAmAM Avato hato. cekhA ane bhAchalAo garIba lokono mukhya kherAka hata tathA maraghAM ane batakane zrImaMtone bhAre zokha hato. cInanA dareka kheDUtane kherAka sAdone saraLa hatuM ane chatAM paNa cInane kheDUta Akho divasa sakhata mahenata karatAM bhUkhamarAmAMthI koIpaNa divasa salAmata nahote. majabUta ane hoziyAra mANase dhIme dhIme kheDUtonI jamInanA meTA jaththA pacAvI pADatA hatA. tathA dezanI badhI dolata muThThIbhara mAlikonA hAthamAM pahoMcatI hatI. zahenazAha zI huAMga-TInA samayamAM mAlikoe pacAvIpADelI cInanI dharatIne pharI pAchI kheDUtone vaheMcI ApavAmAM AvI hatI paraMtu dharatIne kheDanArA pAse ja jamInanI mAlikI rahe evuM koI taMtra nakakI thayeluM na hovAthI pharIvAra pAchI jamInanI mAlikI zAhukAranA hAthamAM AvI paDavA lAgI. tathA cInanI vasatI khuba jorathI vadhatI jatI hovAne lIdhe kheDutonI jamIna temanA ghaNuM chokarAomAM TUkaDA banI vahecAI javA lAgI. pariNAme vakhata jatAM jamInanI mAlikI zAhukAranA hAthamAM javA lAgI. jamInadArenI jamAte jAmavA lAgI. tathA parAdhIna hiMdadeza vinA pRthvInA bIjA keI khUNAmAM nahi dekhAyelI evI jIvaleNa garIbAI cInanA kheDUtane cUsI rahI. cInanI vadhatI jatI vasatImAMthI dareka

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295 varSe bhukhamarAne lIdheja lA mANase marI javA lAgyAM. vIsa saikAo sudhI daravarSe cInamAM duSkALa paDavA lAgyA. duSkALanuM kAraNa kheDUtone cUsatA mAlikenuM zeSaNa hatuM tathA e zoSaNane lIdhe verAna banI jatI jamIna hatI. e uparAMta cInanI dharatIne pANInA pUra paNa pAyamAla karatAM hatAM. jamInadAra ane sarakArI mahesUlI amaladAroe kisAnanI mAMDelI lUMTa pachI je rahetuM te pANInA pUramAM taNAI jatuM tathA dara varSe hajAre gAmaDAo ane lAkho kheDUto pAyamAla thaI jatA hatA. cInanI janatAne e samayane kALa aMdhArakALa hato ane tethI lAkhe nI kacaraghANa vALatAM kudarata ane bhAlikAnA julma cInanI kisAna janatA mUMge meDhe sahana karatI hatI kAraNake cInanA lekasamAjanI te samayanI vicArasaraNI ema kahetI hatI ke manuSyanuM jIvana kSaNabhaMgura che, tathA manuSya pote karmanA kAyadA pramANe sukhI duHkhI thAya che. ane te samayanI cInanI kahevato kheDUtane mUrakha banAvatI jIvananI behUdI sAdAI upadezatI kahetI hatI ke khUba sAduM jIvana adhyAtmika che tathA mANasanI jarUriyAta mAthA upara mUkavAnI eka TopI ane okhAnI rAbano eka pyAlo eTalI ja hovI joIe. A aMdhAra vicAraNAmAM aMdha banelI cInI janatA ArAma ke rajAnA divase dekhyA vinA sakhata jIvana jIvatI hatI, daMtakathAo sevatI hatI. tathA koI kAIvAra AkhA divasano thAka utAravA nAcatI hatI ane vadhAre thAkatI hatI. jyAre ziyALo pUro thatA ane barapha ogaLato hato tyAre barapha pIdhelI jamIna vasaMtanA varSAda nIce suvALI banatI hatI tyAre cInane bhalo bhoLo kheDUta AnaMdamAM AvI jaI jamInane kheDato lokagIte gAte hato ane bhUlI jato hato ke enI jAtamahenata mATImAMthI mAlanA je DhagalAo pakavaze te badhA sarakAra ne zAhukAranI nAgacUDamAM jhaDapAI javAnAM che.

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296 udyoga pachI dhIme dhIme cInanA jIvanamAM udyoga UgateA hateA, zaheremAM hastaudyogAne! vikAsa ane vepAra zarU thatA hatA. mukhya udyogeA vaNATanA tathA rezamanA jaM tuo ucheravAnA hatA tathA e banne udyogA pe'tAnI jhUMpaDIemAM kheDUtanI strI karatI hatI. rezama vaNavAne! udyoga cInamAM IzunA janma pahelAM ghaNA varSa pUrve zarU thaI cUkayA hatA. IzunA janma pahelAM saikAe pUrve rezamanA vaNu!TanI dUkAne zaheromAM hatI tathA I. pU. 300 varSoM para e udyoganA saMkhyAbaMdha majUrAnAM majUramaMDaLe! paNa baMdhAyAM hatAM. kublAI khAnanA samayamAM e udyoganA hajAre kArakhAnAM cAlatAM hatAM tathA dareka kArakhAnAmAM dazathI cAlIza majUrA kAma karatA hatA. paNa cInanI vicArasaraNI jyAMsudhI itihAsanA pirabaLe! jIvananA jokhame krUraja na pADe tyAMsudhI cInamAM AvatI audyogika krAntine aTakAvatI hatI. te samayanA hastaudyogAvALA cInamAM majUranA majUramahAjana hatAM ane mAlikAe nImelA lavAda pa`cathI kAma karatA hatA. majUrA uparAMta cInamAM hajAmeAnA, kulInA, se!yAnA tathA bhIkhArInA paNa maMDaLe| hatAM. majUrAmAM majUragulAme paNa hatA jemAMnA meATe bhAga zrImaMta kuTume!nI sevA karatA hatA tathA gulAmImAM ane tyAMsudhI jakaDAI rahevAne dhAyA hatA. duSkALanA samayamAM cInanA kheDUtAnI dIkarIe khullI rIte bajAramAM vecAtI hatI tathA AchAmAM echI kiMmate kharIdAI jatI hatI. ane paisAdAra mAlikanI AkhA jIvana paryaMta rakhAta ke gulAma anatI hatI. te samayanA mAla laIjavA lAvavAne vyavahAra mANasanI pIThapara thatA hatA. mAla uparAMta paisAdAra leke majUrAnI pIThapara tANI bAMdhelI khurazI para besatA hatA ane zaheramAM krUratA hatA. kAI kAIvAra gadheDAMthI kAtA gADAMemAM mAla laI javAtA

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297 lavAtA hatA. paNa ghaNI kharI gADIne kheMcanArA majUrAja hatA. cInamAM mANasanI mahenata ke mANasanI mAMsapezIe eTalI te sAMdhI hatI ke mAlikAne pazue ke yaMtreAthI peAtAnI jAta ke mAlane upaDAvavAnI paravA na hatI. cInamAM pahela vahelI relve yureApIana mUDIthI 1876mAM zAMgahAIthI vuzaMga sudhI dasa mAIla jeTalI lAMkhI zarU thaI paNa e yatrasAMme leAkAne rASa eTale te phATI nIkaLye ke sarakArane e relve kharIdI levI paDI ane relvenA badhAM sAdhane! dariyAmAM nAMkhI devAM paDavAM. zI huM AMga-TI ane mulAI khAnanA samayamAM pattharathI caNAyalA meATA meATA rastAo hatA. paNa Aje tenI rekhAeja mAtra mAlama paDe che. zaheranI zerIe ane bajAre sUrajanA tApathI bacavA mATe ATha phUTaja heALA AMdhavAmAM AvyA hatA. pUle puSkaLa hatA ane suMdara hatA, vepAra ane musApharI mATe jamInamA jeTalAja jaLamArga vAparavAmAM AvatA hatAM. pacIsa hajAra mAIle! jeTalI naherA relvenI garaja sAratI hatI. sauthI meATI nahera hegjhAu ane TInasInanI vacamAM bAMdhavAmAM AvI hatI ane chaseA pacAsa mAIla jeTalI lAMbI hatI. nadI para ane naherA para hajAra zempana karatAM hatAM. tathA te- mAlanAM vAhanA banavA uparAMta lAkhA garImenA gharanI garaja sAratAM hatAM. vepAra cInA leAkeAnI vicArasaraNIe zarUAtamAM vepArIone haDadhUta karavA mAMDavA, sarakArI amaladArAe paNa temAM sAtha dIdheA. hAna zahenazAhAe temanA para bhAre kara nAkhyA. te samayanI cInAI samAja racanAmAM vidvAnA, zikSaka, amaladArA sauthI uccadharmanA gaNAtA hatA, kheDUtA khIjA vargamAM ane kArIgare trIjAmAM AvatA hatA tathA vepArIe sauthI nIcalA vargonA manAtA hatA kAraNake vepArIe bIjA enI jAtamahenatanI ApalenA naphA para chatratA

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298 hatA ane te paNa Arthika paribaLAe vepArI varganIja AbAdI bhAkhI hatI. vepArIo cInanI janatAnAM utpAdana eziyAnA khUNe khUNe laI jatA hatA, ane dhIme dhIme sarakArane Arthika pAyo banatA hatA. cInane aMdarano vepAra "lI kIna' (majUra parane mAthAdITha kara)karathI dhAto hato, bahAranA vahepAramAM jamIna ane dariyAI luTArU ToLIono bhAre bhaya hato. paNa cInI vahepArIoe malAyA penInasyulAnI AsapAsano dariyAI mArga gotI kADhI e bhayane dUra karyo. tathA hiMdanAM mAla laI javA mATe turkastAnamAM thaIne jato jamIna mArga pasaMda karyo. eja rastethI cInI vahepArIo paraziyA, mesopoTemiyA ane rezamAM pahoMcatA hatA. rezama ane cAha, cInAI vAsaNa ane kAgaLa,bIra ane eprIkeTa, dArUgoLo ane ramavAnAM pattAM e vepAranI mukhya vastuo hatI. enA badalAmAM cInI vepArIo bIjA dezo pAsethI kAca, kesara, ane tabaku kharIdatA hatA. prAcIna samayanI zAhukArI ane nANuM paddhatithI vepArane uttejanA maLatI hatI. trIsathI sATha TakAnA vyAjanA darathI vepArIo aMdara aMdara dhIradhAra karatA hatA. te samayanI cInI kahevata kahetI hatI ke luTArUonI ToLIo ja dhIradhAra karavAnI beMke kholatI hoya che. cInamAM calaNuM naNanI zarUAta I. sa. pUrve pAMcamA saikAthI thaI. zana beTamAM senAnA sIkkAnuM calaNa zarU thayuM. zahenazAha putrInA samayamAM eka phUTa lAMbA evA cAmaDAnA sIkkA zarU karavAmAM AvyA je kAgaLanI noTanA sarjaka banyA. vijJAna cInanA vejJAnikoe TAMga zahenazAhanA samayamAM dArUgoLAnI zodha karI paNa tene yuddhamAM upayoga 116mAM ja karavAmAM AvyA. pachI Arabane cInI vepArIonA vepArI saMparkathI dArUgoLAnI

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29 jANa thaI ane e vepArIoe e jJAnane pazcimamAM pahocADayuMregara bekane dArUgoLo banAvavAnI kaLAnuM jJAna AraonAM pustakamAMthI laI, Isa. pUrve 1115mAM zahenazAha zRMga-vAMganA samayamAM vahANavaTAmAM mArgadarzaka evo kaMpAsa cInI vijJAne zodhI kADayo hato. te samayanA cunA ThAkare paradezanA pratinidhione darekane dakSiNa tarapha batAvatA evA kapAsa bheTa dharyA hatA. lokasTAna" nA lohacuMbaka guNonuM bhAna prAcIna cInane hatuM te viSe zaMkA nathI. I. sa. pUrve pAMcamA saikAmAM lakhAyelA zuMga-zu nAmanA eka aitihAsika granthamAM kaMpAsanuM sarasa varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. e kaMpAsane upayoga bAramA saikAnA Araba vepArIo chUTathI karatA hatA. tathA yuropane enI jANa I.sa. 1190 sudhI nahotI thaI cInanI dhakavRttie e rIte duniyAne kapAsa ane dArUgenAnI, kAgaLa ane rezamanI tathA chApavAnI kaLA ane cInAI mATInI bheTa dharI che. paNa e prajA 1912 pahelAM pitAnI prAcIna Arthika ghaTanAthI saMtuSTa thayelI tathA eNe enA pitAnA jokhame audyogika vikAsa taraphane tiraskAra keLavyuM. ane toe cInI prajA jamInamAMthI nIkaLatA kelasAne upayoga karavAmAM pahelI hatI. kelasAnI khANanI zarUAta cIne I. sa. pUrve 1raramAM karI. paNa A udyoganA vikAsa mATe e yaMtre tarapha na vaLI. e prajAne kAca banAvavAnuM bhAna hovA chatAM cInI lo ke kAcanA vAsaNa pazcima pAsethI kharIdavA lAgyA. hAna zahenazAhanA udaya ane maMcuonA patana sudhInAM be hajAra varSa sudhI cInanuM audyogika jIvana AgaLa vikAsa pAmyA vinAnuM hatuM tevuM rahyuM. vijJAna ane udyogavAdanA dhAMdhalIA jIvana karatAM cIne jUnA rItarivAjonuM rUDha thayeluM zAMta jIvana pasaMda karyuM. I. pU. baso varSa pahelAM khetIvADI vijJAnamAM khUba zodhakhoLa karatuM chatAM, bhaugelika jJAnamAM

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300 sarvoparI manAtuM chatAM, gaNita, akSara gaNita ane bhUmitimAM utkRSTa chatAM, cIna audyogika krAntimAM AgaLa na dhapI zakayuM paNu cInI meAkeA AdarzavAdI ci'tanemAM, heMganI zIkhavelI yAvidyAmAM tathA yAMga ane cInanA A adhyAtmazAstramAM AthaDacA karyA. kanjhyuziyasanA samayamAM khagALazAstrIe grahaNAnI gati jANatA hatA. te leAkAe divasa ne varasanA bAra bhAga pADavA hatA paraMtu cInanI e khagALazeAdhaka vRttipara AkAzamAM dekhAtI hatI tevI ekatAnatA mAnava jIvanamAM utAravA sUryacaMdranI gati pramANe ujANInA divase nakkI karatI hatI tathA e AkAzI padArthInA niyamane manuSyanA naitika AcAramAM ghaTAvavAnA mithyA prayatna karatI hatI. vaidaka cInanA vaidakazAstranI zarUAta cInanA itihAsaAlekhana pahelAMnI che. hIpeAkreTasanA jamAnA pahelAM cInamAM jamarA meTA vaidA thaI gayA hovAnA itihAsanA pUrAvA che. Izu pahelAMnA ceAthA sakAmAM eka cInA subAe cAlIza dehAMtadaMDa pAmelA gunegArAnAM zarIrane vaidakIya tapAsa mATe DIsekazana' karavAne hukama karyAM hatA. cAMcu ganIMga nAmanA eka meTA vaikIya vidvAne vaidakazAstra para mahattvanAM pustakrA lakhyAM hatAM je Aja sudhI jaLavAI rahyAM che. zu pahelAMnA trIjA sakAmAM eka DAkaTare 'sarjarI 'para pramANabhUta graMtha lakhyA hatA, tathA te samaye eka jAtanA dArUthI daradIne bebhAna karI vADha kApa karavAmAM AvatI hatI. I. sa. 300 mAM vAMga--zuM e nADI pArakhavAnI kaLA para graMtha lakhyA hatA ane I. sa. chaThThA saikAmAM TAo-DuMga-zIMge, 730 davAonA piracaya ApatuM pustaka lakhyuM che, tyAra pachI sA varase cAe-yuAna--kAMge khAsa karIne strI ane bALakonAM daradonaoN cikitsA viSe pustake lakhyAM hatAM. suMga vazamAM cInamAM eka meTI vaidakIya vidyAlaya AMdhavAmAM AvI hatI. cikitsAzAstra "

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301 khUba vigatavAra racavAmAM AvyuM hatuM ane nADI pArakhavAnI vIza paddhatio nakkI karavAmAM AvI hatI. dharma cInI samAjaracanAnuM nirmANa vijJAna para nahi paNa dharma, nIti ane ciMtananA vicitra mizraNa para thayuM hatuM. itihAsamAM AvA vahemI, ATalA nAstika ane sAthe ATalA dharma ghelA ane teya AvA buddhipradhAna lokone hiMdanA lake sAthe ja sarakhAvI zakAya. jema hiMdamAM tema cInamAM leke potAnA vartanane dharmapradhAna mAne che, ane jema hiMdamAM tema cInamAM kopara devadevIonI bhUMjADa trAsa varatAve che ane jema hiMdamAM temaja cInamAM paNa garIbAInAM akathya duHkhamAM lokone maLelI vicArasaraNuM svarganA ghelachAbharyA taraMgamAM lokone rAcatA banAve che. cInanA dharmanI zarUAtamAM prANuonI pUjA, kudaratanA padArthomAM gupta evAM so (spirits) nI bhayAkula bhakti jamInanAM utpAdana paribaLa tarapha kavitAmaya bhAnabhAva tathA ahebhAvapUrvakanI AkAzanI pUjA tathA AkAzamAMthI UtaratA varasAdanI jAtIyapUjA vigere svarUpa mAlama paDe che. e rIte zarUAtamAM cInI loka megha, pavana, jhADe. parvata, ajagare, sApa vigerene pUjatA hatA. meTI meTI dhArmika mIjabAnIo kudaratanAM utpAdananA camatkArI prakAre sAthe joDAyelI hatI. vasaMta RtumAM AvatI e dhArmika kriyAomAM juvAna chokarA chokarIone khetaramAM laI javAmAM AvatAM ane nAcavavAmAM AvatAM tathA jamInanI phaLadrupatAM vadhAravA e juvAne dhArmika vidhipUrvaka khetaramAM saMbhoga karatAM tathA te rIte pRthvI mAtAne phaLadrupa banatAM zikhave che tema mAnatAM. te samayanA rAjAo ane dharmaguruo lagabhaga sahacArI hatA tathA rAjAe dabadabA bharI pUjAethI bhagavAnanI madada laI yuddhamAM

Page #312
302 'UtaratA ne saMhAra jamAvatA. ekeeka dezamAM dharmaguruonI prArthanA dvArA rAjAkSeAkeAnA lazkaramAM bhagavAne e sAtha ApyA che. cInI dharmanI vicAraNAnI zarUAtamAM AkAza ane pRthvIne eka meATI racanAnA e sarakhA bhAga tarIke mAnavAmAM AvatAM. e aMnnenA saMbaMdhane strIpurUSa jevA saMbadha mAnavAmAM AvatA tathA ekane AMga ane bIjAne cIna kahevAtAM. AkAzI krama ke AkAzanI ekatAnatAne naitika Adarza tarIke svIkAravAmAM AvatA tathA tArAonA AkAza sAthenA saMbaMdhanI jema nItine manuSyanA samAja sAthenA saMbaMdha tarIke oLakhavAmAM AvatI. sauthI vaDe bhagavAna anaMta AkAza athavA sarvotkRSTa nItikrama che ema manAtuM. nItine eka daivI krama tarIke svIkAryAM pachI cInAI samAje baLakAnI mAbApa taraphanI, strIenI temanA dhaNIe taraphanI, kisAtenI jamInadAre taraphanI, amIra umarAvAnI zahenazAha taraphanI ane zahenazAhanI bhagavAna taraphanI nItinA niyame ghaDavA mAMDayA hatA. nItinI A kalpanA eka meTA gUMcavADA chatAM khUba vizALa evA tara`ga hatA tathA jIvananA saMjJegAnA krama pramANe vikAsa pAmyA hatA. dharmAMnI AvI namra zarUAtamAMthI cInanA be dharmAMdha matAnAM tattvA UgavA mAMDayAM. eka AkhI prajAmAM phelAI gaelI bhUtapUjA (ancestor worship ) ane khIjI kanaphyuziyase prakheAdhelI AkAzanI ane mahApuruSe!nI pUjA. evI pUjAne varelI cInIprajA dararoja peAtAnA pUrvajone kheArAkanAM balidAna aNu karatI hatI. e pUrvajapUjA cInAI mAthAmAM pAchI vaLIne badhAM jUnavANI svapeAte jALavI rAkhavAnuM, jUnA rItirivAjota mAna ApavAnuM sUcana karatI hatI. e rIte AgaLavadhatA jIvananAM piravatanAne aTakAvavAmAM AvatAM hatAM tathA te samayanI mAlikazAhInAM svarUpAne jaLavAI rahevAnI jogavAI thatI hatI. rAjakIya vicAraNA khavAI jatI hatI, tathA jUnI rUDhie amala karatI hatI.

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- 303 dhIme dhIme cInanI dhArmika vicAraNAe kanphyuziyasane deva jevA banAvI mUkaze. ekeeka dharmAMdhatA enA nAmamAM thavA lAgI, sarakArI kAyadAe enA nAmamAM ghaDAvA lAgyA. ekeeka zALAmAM enA nAmanA lekha kAtarAyA, ekeeka zaheramAM enA nAmanuM maMdira caNAyuM, ane niyata samaye| para zahenazAha ane amaladAre enA maraNa pAmelA AtmAne atyAre dhUpa ane balidAne devA lAgyA. cInanA e payagambara bhagavAnanI gAdIpara besI gayA. paNa cInIleAkeAne vakhata jatAM jIvananI sakAraNutAne sAdAI tathA zista prazneAdhatA kayuziyasane dhama gamyA nahi. emAM cInI janatAnI AzAe ne taraMga peASAtAM naheAtAM, emAM cInI leAkeAnA vahema ane bIkAne uttejanArUpa tattva nahotuM. emAM vAstavadana hatuM. AdarzavAdI kavitAe naheAtI, emAM nItinA upadezeA hatA, AnaMdabhAvane uttejanArI daMtakathAe naheAtI. eTale cInI leka samAja joSIe pAse vighnanA lekha vaheMcAvavA javA lAgyA, duzmaneAne mahAta karavA jAdugarAnI gupta vidyAe sAMbhaLavA lAgyA, ADA divase janmelAM che!karAMne bhayAkula cInAlAkAe mArI nAkhavA mAMDayAM, dikarIe dUdha pItI thavA lAgI. e paristhitimAM cInI janatA A janmanAM du:khanA dilAsA AvatA janmanAM AzvAsanamAM zeAdhI rahI. e paristhitimAM lAe!-jhIne 5tha zarU thaye! ane jotajotAmAM eka navA-dharma banI rahyo. e navA dharmAMpara lekAnA samudAya ulaTayA. e navA dhame gUDha vidyAonA dhamaMDa racyA. rAga nivAravAnAM jaMtro zodhI kADhaLyAM. lAe jhI navA bhagavAna banI rahyo. enA nAmanI AsapAsa gUDha daMtakathAo viTAI rahI. pachI ene aMtapaNu AvyA. navI paristhitioe sAmAnya mANasane paNa kAI jAtanI gUDhatA vinA AzvAsana Ape tevA dharma mAgye. evA dharma hiMdamAMthI cInamAM AvatA hatA. e dharma buddha hatA tathA Izu pachI pAMcasA

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304 vase cInamAM AvatA hatA. e dharma budghanI mahAyAna zAkhAne dharma hatA tathA sAmAnya mANasanI lAgaNImAM uttejane tathA taraMgI AnaMdabhAva jagavatA hatA, e dhame cInIpradeza para mANasa jevAM aMgata devadevIone krUratAM mUkI dIdhAM, svanA ( amitabhA ) kuAna cIna bhagavAnane saune sarvopari banAvyA. cInanI dharatI para e navA dhame pahelAM siddhA sAthe karatA ane hamaNAM maraNa pAmelA aDhAra vidyAthI one ahaMte! banAvI pIDita mAnavajAtane madada karavA AThe paheAra karatA karI dIdhA. tyAre evA kALa hatA jyAre AzAe aphaLa nivaDI hatI. dharme ApelAM vacane jUdAM paDayAM hatAM. tyAre du:khI janatAne koI atyaMta ugArI deze ema manAvA lAgyuM. rAjakIya aMdheramAM asalAmatI ane saMhAra cInI prajApara ceAmethI tUTI paDacAM. pachInA zahenazAheAe buddha-dha`para julma varasAvavA mAMDavo paNa dharmanI AzAemAM vAstavatAthI bacavA mAgate lekasamAja jorathI jakaDAI gayA hatA. sarakArane leAkeAnAM devadevIe sAthe saMdhi karavI paDI. yuddha sAdhuone temanAM mA bAMdhavA devA paDayAM. dhIme dhIme yuropamAM IzunI jema buddhanA kheAdha cIna para TharavA mAMDayo. Aje e mudda-dha cInanA rASTrIya jIvanamAM UtarI cUkayA che. ane teA paNa dharmanAM yuddo ke sahArA cInamAM na utaryA hAvAthI svAbhAvika rIte cInI prajA aMdara aMdaranI dhArmika bhinnatAne sahI le che tathA ekaja vyakti eka sAthe cInanA badhA patheAmAM mAnabhAva rAkhI zake che. jyAre cInanA zramajIvIne roTalI ne raheThANa maLI rahe che tyAre tene kAI bhagavAna ke devadevIo yAda AvatAM nathI, tyAre te pUrvajonI pUjA karIne sASa seve che tathA dharmI ane maMdire e dharmagurue ane strIenAM raheThANe che ema mAnI le che. jyAre cInI AdamI have bhagavAnane prArthanA kare che tyAre te svarganAM sukha mAgatA nathI paNa dararAjanA jIvanane

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305 '' bhukhamare eche! karavAnuM kahe che. paNa jo eNe gharamAM rAkhelI bhagavAnanI mUrti enI prArthanA pramANe karatI nathI te! te ene pANImAM padharAvI de che. cInI kahevata kahe che ke " kAipaNa mUrti dhaDanAra mUrtine pUjatA nathI kAraNake te zAnI banelI che tenI tene khabara che. " evA cInI mAnasane IslAma ke khristIdharma svIkAravAnuM mana thatuM nathI kAraNake buddhadharma je vacane! ene ApyAM che tethI vizeSa vacane ke mithyA AzAe bIjo koIpaNa dharmAM ApI zakate! nathI, tathA aMtamAM dharmAMnAM badhAM vacane eka sarakhAMja hAya che ema ene bhAna che. nIti kaziyase ApelI bhUtapUjA ( ancestor worship) cInanA nItinA AcAranuM sauthI agatyanuM aMga banI rahyuM. mA-- khApe. peAtepeAtAnAM bALakAne pUrva japUjAnI naitika bhAvanA vArasAmAM sAMpatAM javA lAgyAM. cInI samAjanAM badalAtAM Arthika ne rAjakIya svarUpeAmAM cInI prajAe pUrvajapUjAne jevAne tevA svarUpamAM sAcavI rAkhavA mAMDI. pachI naitika vicAraNAnI zarUAte samajAvavA mAMDayuM ke nItinA niyamane uddeza jAtIya sabadhAnA aMdherane badalIne bALaUchera ane bALakane janmAvavAnI saMsthAne vadhAre vyavasthita karavAmAM che. e naitika siddhAMtanI zarUAta sAthe cInanA jIvanamAM pUrva japUjAe vazavele amara rAkhavA peAtAnA pachI peAtAnI pUjA karanAra bALakAne mUkI javAnI prajotpattinI kriyAne hiMduenI jema nItimAna, dhArmika ane anivAya banAvI mUkI. meziyase kahyuM hatuM ke traNa vastuo manuSyanA jIvanamAM sauthI kharAba che ane temAM paNa bALaka na heAvAM e traNamAM sauthI vadhAre kharAba che. dIkarAone mATe nItimAna cInI mA khape! prAthI rahyAM tathA je strIne dikarA na janmatA te kalakI manAtI. dIkarAe janmAva

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306 vAnI nIti pAchaLa Arthika kAraNA e hatAM ke dIkarA dIkarIo karatAM khetarAmAM vadhAre sArI rIte majUrI karI zakatA, tathA yuddhamAM vadhAre sArI rIte laDI zakatA. AvAM kAraNeAe jANatAM ajANatAM cInanAM nItimAna mAbApeAmAM dIkarAnI mahattA vadhArI mUkI ane pachI te nItie ema nakkI karyuM ke pUrvajone ali ApavA mATe dIkarI nahi paNa dIkareja lAyaka che. hiMdusamAjanI jema cInI samAje dIkarAne gAdI vArasa Theravye! ane pachI dIkarIne kheAjArUpa mAnavA mAMDI, kAraNake dIkarI pArakuM dhana hatI ane temanA dhaNInuM ghara mAMDavA janmatI hatI tathA bIjA ene vaMza sAcavavA chekarAM janmAvavAnI hatI. hiMdanI jema cInI paristhitie paNa nItinA svarUpamAM dIkarInA nATATAnI gaNatarIne praveza karAvyA tathA leNu garIkhAImAM dIkarInuM azAstra nItinA nAmamAM nAnA amAMja aMkAyuM. dIkarI pArakI milakata banavAnI hAI ane dIkarI bIjAnA gharanI majUrI karanAra baccAMe janmAvavAnI hAvAthI vadhAre paDatI dIkarIene! janma aniSTa manAvA lAgye tathA dhArmika cInAe paNa taratanI janmelI dIkarIne pApa mAnyA vinA marI javA mADe gharanA vADAmAM mUkI detA. e paristhitimAM cInI samAjamAM je khALA jIvatAM te ayeAgya Ucherane lIdhe tathA viDaleAnA bhArane lIdhe meTA pramANamAM maraNa pAmatAM. cInI gharamAM gulAma banelI strInA khaDamAMja milakata banelAM bALakone rAkhavAmAM AvatAM tathA sAtavarasanI uMmara sudhI puruSAtanu kAIpaNa prANI temanI sAthe haLatuM maLatuM nahi. Arthika draSTie je kuTu mene pAlavatuM te peAtAnAM dIkarAone zALAmAM meAkalatA ane dIkarIone temanAthI judI pADI detA. khAsa karIne chekarIone mATe jAtIya pavitratA khUba sakhatAithI jALavavAmAM AvatI ane e sakhatAi eTalI ghAtakatA sudhI paheAMcI hatI ke dhaNI kharI che!karIe parapuruSanA peAtAne pa

Page #317
307 thatAM peAtAnI jAtane! ApadhAta karIne aMta ANutI. bIjI bAjue cInI jAtIya nIti nahi paraNelI strImAM kAIpaNa jAtanI jAtIya pavitratAne Agraha rAkhatI nahi, e uparAMta cInIsamAja puruSA mATe vezyAone upabhAga karavAnI kriyAne taddana svAbhAvika ane Avasyaka lekhatA. puruSanI e svAbhAvikatA ke jAtIya bhUkhane peASavA cInI samAjaracanAmAM TheraThera vezyAvADA kheAlavAmAM AvyA hatA. puruMSa mATe lagna pahelAMne jAtIya saMbaMdha khUba chUTavALA hatA, paNa strIe mATe eveja sabaMdha evI te| sakhatAithI niSedhAyaleA hatA ke lagna pahelAM kAIpaNa che!karImAM muktaprema ke premasa'kalanane1 avakAza jarA sarakhA paNu ApavAmAM AvatA naheAte.. zarUAtamAM karA--akarIenA evA premanuM sthAna sAhityamAM paNa naheAtuM parantu TAMga zahenazAheAnA samayamAM IzupahelAMnA chaThThA saikAmAM strIpuruSanI e premAmi sAhityamAM dekhAvA mAMDI hatI. vIrAMganI eka daMtakathA te samayamAM khelavAnI pahelIvAra hiMmata karatI hatI ke eNe pUla nIce tene maLavAnuM vacana ApyuM hatuM. e tyAM AvIne nimele samaye ubhe rahyo paNa e AvI zakI [he, ane teAya eNe tenI mithyA rAha joyA karI. pachI pANI caDhayuM teya eNe rAha joyA karI ane pachI pANI enA mAthA upara caDhI gayuM teAya eNe rAha joyA karI ane teteA na AvI te naja AvI. evAM gerakAyadesara maLatAM ane prema karatAM jIvAneAne jALavI rAkhavA tathA juvAnInI mugdha avasthAmAMthI UgArI levA jIvAne nA mAlika mAkhApe! juvAna chekarAchekarIone jarA paNa bhegAM thavA detAM na hatAM. te| paNa te samayamAM cInanA sAhityamAM kavie ane lekhakAe eka bIjA sAthe prema karatAM karAcheAkarIonI Urmio AlekhavA mAMDI hatI.

Page #318
308 ane te paNa cInI samAjaracanAmAM lagnane prema sAthe khUba ocho saMbaMdha hato. lagnanuM dhyeya strI puruSanI zArIrika ane mAnasika ke AdhyAtmika ekatA na hatuM paraMtu majUrI karanAra ane vaMza rAkhanArA chokarAo janmAvavAnuM ja hatuM. eka tarapha karAchokarIone eka bIjAthI judAM rAkhavAmAM AvatA hatAM. ane bIjI tarapha juvAnane judA rAkhavAmAM mAnatA bApAo vadhAre ne vadhAre chokarAo janmAvavA mATe aneka rakhAto rAkhatA hatA. lagna na karavuM e puruSo mATe anItimAna lekhAtuM hatuM. AjIvana brahmacaryane khyAla pUrvajo, sarakAra ane samAja sAme pApa manAtuM hatuM. paraNyA vinA rahevAnI dharmaguruone paNa chUTa nahatI. pitAnA bALakanuM nAnI umaramAM ja temanA mAbApe vevIzALa. karI nAkhatA hatA. lo ekaja kuLamAM ke ekaja TALImAM thatAM nahi. kanyAvikraya ane varavikraya lagnane sAmAnya krama hate. paraNatAM sudhI chokarIne mAbApanI sakhata cakI nIce pUrI rAkhavAmAM AvatI. che karIne zaramALa ane vaphAdAra tathA AjJAdhAraka thavAnuM khAsa zikSaNa ApavAmAM AvatuM. lagna pachI chekarI paraNanAranI gulAma. banatI ane chokarAonI mAtA banatI tyAM sudhI gojhArA banelA jIvanamAM jakaDAI jatI. zrImate ekathI ghaNI vadhAre strIo rAkhI zakatA paNa jemane evuM pAlavatuM nahi tevA garIbe ekaja strI sAthe paraNuM zakatA. je strIne dIkare avatarate nahi te ja strIne garIba ghaNuM bIjI strIne rAkhate. amIraumarAvo ane rAjA rajavADAonA mANaso pitAnA mAlika mATe suMdara strIonI zodhamAM cIna para bhaTakatA hatA. evA mAlika kone pitAnI suMdara dIkarInuM vecANa karavAmAM mAbApe mAna samajatA hatA. zahenazAha pitAnA aMtaHpuranI saMbhALa rAkhavA traNa hajAra kaMcukI rAkhI zakato hato. strI puruSone.

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- 309. jAtIya saMbaMdha cInamAM pAmaratAnI parAkASThAe pahoMcyo hato. e saMbadhanuM lakSaNa puruSanI mAlikI ane strInI gulAmI e ekaja hatuM ane te paNa manuSyane svabhAva eTale badho te saMjaka hoya che ke strIo e gulAmImAM TevAI jaI puruSamAM rahI zakatI hatI. hiMda ane cInanA strI samAje gulAmInI, pAmaratAnI parAkASThAe pahoMcI atyaMta galIca ane pAmara evA tyAganI chevaTanI hada batAvI che. sarakAra cInI saMskRtinuM asarakAraka svarUpa tenI sarakAra hatI. cInanI vyakita sauthI prathama patAnA aMgata kuTuMbanI banatI hatI tathA potAnA pUrvajo sAthe baMdhAyelI hatI. e uparAMta cInanI ekeeka puruSa vyakti lokaniyukta kaIne kaI khAnagI saMsthAnI sabhAsada hatI. evI saMsthAone uddeza cInanI sarakAranA narama kAyadAmAM suvyavasthA jALavI rAkhavAno hato. cInanI bhaugolika paristhitimAM eka zahera bIjA zaherathI ghaNuM dura hevAthI tathA cInanA AkhA pradeza para moTI moTI nadIo, gADha jaMgale tathA vizALa parvato patharAyelA hovAthI chUTathI pravAsa karI zakavAnI azakyatAne lIdhe tathA cInanI gIca vasatI para koI ekaja sattAnuM Adhipatya jALavavAnI muzkelIne lIdhe madhya sarakArane cInanA judA judA vibhAgo ne rAjataMtranI svataMtra sattA ApavI patI hatI. dareka gAma pitapatAnuM taMtra calAvatuM. dareka gAmamAM sarakAre nImela e eka mukhI hato tathA gAmanI potAnI grAmasabhA hatI. ekathI vadhAre gAmanuM saMyukta taMtra [hIna] zaheramAM cAlatuM hatuM. te samaye cInamAM evA teraso kabAo hatA. eka ke be kaAe ekaThA maLI potAnuM taMtra koI eka nagaramAM sthApatA hatA. e nagaranI vyavasthApaka saMsthA zuM kahevAtI hatI.

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310 ekathI vadhAre 6 TAo banatI hatI. tathA ekathI vadhAre TAone zenDa athavA ilAke banato. maMcu zahenazAhanI sarakAra nIce arADha ilAkAonI cInI zahenazAhata hatI. dareka ilAkA mATe eka mukhya nyAyAdhIza, eka kaSAdhyakSa tathA eka sUbo nimAte hato. A amaladAre kara ugharAvI saMtoSa mAnatA hatA. tathA lokaniyukta saMsthAo na patAvI zake tevA dAvAe patavatA hatA. e uparAMtanI badhI AMtaravyavasthA karUDhi, kuTumba saMsthA tathA kaniyukta saMsthA jALavI letI hatI. evI madhyastha sarakAra kevaLa kara ugharAvavAmAM ja saMtoSa mAnatI hevAthI eka sAcI sattA hevAne badale nAmamAtranI saMsthA hatI. te samayanuM svadezAbhimAna AkhA dezane sameTatuM nahatuM paraMtu chellA ane ilAkAmAM samAI jatuM hatuM. AvI asthira samAjaghaTanAnA kAyadAnAM aneka svarUpe hatAM. paNa te lokapriya na hatAM. loke sarakArI kAyadA karatAM rUDheithI vadhAre sAhasika thatA hatA, adAlata nahi jevI hatI ane dAvAo ghaNakharA aMdara aMdara ja patI jatA hatA. evA sarakArI taMtrane jokhamI tAja paherIne karoDonI vasatIne zahenazAha besate hato. siddhAMta tarIke e devI sattAthI zAsana karate hate. tathA e pote bhagavAnano dIkare manAte hate. enI IcchAe kAyadAo hatA ane enA cukAdA chevaTanA gaNAtA. pitAnA ekeeka amaladAronI nImaNuMka e pate karato hato ane dharmane e vaDe gaNAto hatuM ane te paNa tenI AvI niraMkuza sattA lekenI rUDhithI niyamita thayelI hatI. e uparAMta sarakArI taMtramAM paNa pavitra bhUtakALathI cAlI AvatI rUDhio hatI. zahenazAha para dekharekha rAkhanAra tathA tenI TIkA karanAra eka zAhI cekIdAra hatA. e zAhI cokIdAranI nImaNuMka rAjAnA pradhAne ane meTA amaladAra karatA hatA. jyAre zahenazAha svacchedanI hada cUkI jatA hatA tyAre zAhI rokIdAra tene bhagavAnanA nAmamAM

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311 rAja karavAne nAlAyaka TheravatA hatA tathA leAkA evA zahenazAhane nIti ke dharmane aparAdha karyAM sivAya padabhraSTa karI zakatA hatA. eve| zAhI cAkIdAra zahenazAha uparAMta ekeeka amaladdArAnI TIkA karI zakatA ane tenA amalanuM nirIkSaNa karI zakatA. cInanA itihAsamAM ekathI vadhu vakhata e zAhI cekIdAre zahenazAhane rAja karavAne nAlAyaka TharAvye che ane padabhraSTa karAvye che. dAkhalA tarIke 1796 mAM zruMga nAmanA zAhI cekIdAre zI zIMga nAmanA zahenazAhane vinaya ane mAnathI gAdI cheADI devAnu kahyuM hatuM. kAraNa ke zahenazAha dArUDIe hatA ane behada rIte vilAsI hatA. zAhI sarakAra e rIte eka mATu tUta jevuM taMtra hatuM. tAjathI sauthI najIka rAjasabhA hatI ne temAM cAra meTA pradhAne hatA. vaDA pradhAna rAjAne pATavI kuMvara hatA. e sabhA vahelI savAramAM dareja maLatI hatI tathA rAjavahIvaTanI vicAraNA calAvatI hatI. e sabhAnA hAtha nIce bIjI eka AMtara rAjasabhA hatI. e sabhA pAse cha khAtAMe hatAM, jemanu eka AMtaravyavasthA khAtuM hatuM, khIjuM mahesUla khAtuM hatuM, trIjI paradeza khAtuM hatuM, yuddhakhAtuM hatuM, adAlatakhAtuM hatuM ane jAhera AMdhakAmakhAtuM hatuM. sarakAranI nabaLAI enI bhaugelika paristhitimAM hatI, khUba jAja evI rAjyanI AvakamAM hatI tathA cInanA devI dezanI khIjA deze! sAthe vyavahAra na rAkhavAnI mithyA mATAImAM hatI. pazcimanA pAzamAM e paribaLA audyogika krAntinuM svarUpa dhAraNa karIne AvyAM. yureApe varALanI zakti zodhI kADhI hatI te meTA meTA saMcAne gatimAM mUkayA hatA. darAja vadhatI jatI e yaMtrajALamAM vadhAre ne vadhAre vastu nIpajatI hatI tathA duniyAnA je dezeA hastaudyoga para nabhatAM hatA temane mahAta karatI hatI. vikAsa pAmatA

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11 udyogavAdane tarataja dekhAI gayuM ke peAtAne tyAM pakavele mAla peAtAnI prajA kharIdI zake tethI ghaNA vadhAre che. tathA peAtAnA bajAre peAtAnI utpAdanazakti mATe khUba TUMkAM paDe tevAM che. pachI e audyogika krAMtimAM mAlikane peAtAnA mAla mATe paradezanA bajArA zAdhavAnI jarUra jaNAI. e mAre tyAM hatAM jyAM audyogika krAMti pahoMcI na hatI. eziyAnA badhA deze| hastaudyoganI sAdAImAM zAnta ane saMteSI hatAM. paNa eka divasa utpAdaka saMjogeAnAM paribaLethI dArAI ne pazcimanI prajAe paradezamAM bajAra ze|dhavA dUra dUranA dirayAmAM ghUmavA mAMDI. egaNIsamuM zataka navA ane jUnAnI jhapAjhapI jevuM jyAMtyAM dekhAvA lAgyuM. audyogika krAMti karatA ane bajAro zoSatA yureApa sAthe hastaudyoga karI karIne thAkI gaeleA eziyAnA vRddha deha athaDAI rahyo. eziyAnI rAjAzAhIvALI ane hastaudyoganA a`kAraNavALI saMskRti yupanI yAMtrika saskRtinI hareALamAM jUnI jaNAI. jANe aitihAsIka vikAsakramanAM paribaLeA AgaluM pagaluM yuropa para mAMDatAM hatAM, yureApa navuM thatuM hatuM. eziyA jUnA banatA hatA. seALamI sadInI zarUAtamAM sAhasika z2Ira'gIe hiMdamAM peAtanuM thANuM. jamAvIne malAkAne jItatA hatA, malAyAnI sAmudradhunI sara karatA hatA ane temanA pANI para cItarI kADhavAM hoya tevAM vahANA ane bhayaMkara tApeA sAthe I.sa. 1517mAM cInanA kenTIna aMdara para UtaratAM hatAM. e sAhisakA hatA. yurepanA bIjA dezamAM paNa evAja sAhasikA eziyA para peAtAnI gRvRttinI pAMkhe! DAvI rahyA hatA. e sAhisake! hatA ane pUrvanA leAkeAnA zikAra karaveA, pUnA pradezAne raMjADavA ane pUrvanA nagarezane tArAja karavAM tathA pUrvanI saMpattinI lU'Ta calAvavI te emanA sAhasanA eka bIjAthI caDhiyAtA prakAra) hatA.

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33 evA e sAhasike hatA ane dariyAI cAMcIAothI jarAye caDhiyAtA na hatA. pachI e sAhasikAnAM jahAjo cInanA kinArA para bhamavA lAgyAM. potAnAM baMdare 5ra zikAranI zodhamAM bhamatA ane sAhase zedhatA e mahemAnone cInA lokoe pakaDI 5kaDIne pitAnA kedakhAnAmAM pUravA mAMDayA tathA temanA mAlika sattAdhIzonI mAMgaNIo ane kelakarAre nakAravA mAMDayA. toye dhIme dhIme e sAhasikoe cInanA kinArA para pitAnI keDIo jamAvavA mAMDI ane cInI prajAe vakhatovakhata pitAno vepArI zikAra karavA AvelI e prajAonI katala karavA mAMDI. paNa pachI 1557nI sAla AvI ane cInI sarakArane makAomAM phIraMgIone rahevAnI tathA vepAranI chUTa ApavI paDI. tyAM e lokee aphINanAM meTAM kArakhAnAM bAMdhyAM. e kArakhAnAmAM hajAre strI puruSo ane bALako kAma karatAM hatAM. tyAMnuM eka kArakhAnuM te samayamAM phiraMgI sarakArane dara varase 1,55,000 senTa kara ApatuM hatuM eTaluM moTuM hatuM. 1915 nI sAlamAM phIlIpAInsanI dharatI para tyAMnA vatanI ene saMhAra karIne spenanA mAlika lokonAM jahAja cInanA baMdara 5ra laMgarAyAM. navA mahemAnoe cInanA pheramesA nAmanA TApumAM paDAva nAMkhyo pachI moDA paDI javAnI dhAkamAM valaMdA loko cInane AMgaNe AvI pahoMcyA ane eja zikAranI zodhamAM phaphaDI UThelA saDhavALAM aMgrejI jahAje I. sa. 16 37 mAM nadI mArge kenTona pahoMcyAM. aMgrejI jahAjo pAse vepArI sAmAna hato paNa cInanI prajAne vepArI zikAra pahelAM khAI janArI bhayaMkara evI to hatI. phiraMgIoe cInA lokone taMbAku kharIdatAM ane dhumADA kADhatAM zIkhavyuM hatuM ane 18 mA saikAnI zarUAtamAM eja lekee

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314 hiMdamAMthI adhaiNunAM vANA bharIne cInI prajAne kasuMba pItI karI mUkI hatI. paNa te sAthe tarataja cInI sarakAre leAkAne aphINane upayega na karavAnuM pharamAna kADhayuM hatuM. paraMtu ekaluM kamAna cAlI zake tema na hatuM kAraNake phIrgI vepArIoe cInI prajAnA amuka bhAgamAM akINanu jhera utArI dIdhuM hatuM. pachI jorazeArathI hi~ ne AMgaNe UtarI paDelI aMgreja zAhIvAdI cAMcIyAvRttie cInane akINanA ghUMTaDA pAvA mAMDayA. I. sa. 1838 mAM pekIMga sarakAre peAtAnA kinArA para akINu utAravA sAme sakhata krUramAna kADhayuM. kenTonanI vepArI kAThIomAM jeTaluM aphINu heAya teTalu peAtAne havAle karI devAne hukama karyAM. lIna-sI--zu nAmanA eka cInAI amaladAranI AMkha peAtAne AMgaNe AvI potAnI prajAnA zikAra khelatI aMgrejI bhUtAvaLa sAme tataDI UThThI, jyAre kenTInanA agrejI vepArIoe paikIMga sarakArane badhuM akINu sAMpI devAnI nA pADI tyAre, e amaladAre e vepArIonA badhA kADhAmAMthI aphINu baLajabarIthI kabaje karyuM ane e badhAnA nAza karyAM pachI aMgrejI zAhIvAda peAtAnI vepArI janatAnI vAre pAce! ane hoMgakoMgamAM aMgrejI lazkara jamA thayuM. e paheluM aphINu yuddha hatuM. aMgrejoe cInanA kinArAparanAM maMdarezane tArAja karyAM. pachI nAnakIMga mukAme cInI sarakArane salAha karavAnI pharaja paDI, Akhe| hoMgakoMgane TApu aMgrejone ApavAmAM Avye. aMgrejI vepArane mATe kenTIna, ameya kucAu, nIMgayA, ane zAMgahAI baMdare khullAM mukAyAM. e uparAMta AkhA yuddhane kha cInane mAthe paDayo ane cInI sarakAre nAza karelA aphINanI kiMmata cIne cUkavavI paDI tathA cInamAM rahetA aMgrejo jo cInanA kAyade tADe te temane nyAya agrejI adAlatA cUkave ema ryuM. aMgrejI zAhIvAdanI pakaDamAM

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315 cInane joIne amerIkA ane phrAnsanA mukhamAM paNa pANI chUTayuM e baMne zAhIvAdee paNa lAga sAdhIne cIna sAthe vepArI karAze. meLavI lIdhA. A pahelA aphINa yuddhe cInanI prAcIna paddhatine bhAMgI nAkhI.. cInanI sarakAre joI lIdhuM ke pote yuropanAM zAhIvAdo sAme saphaLa saMgrAma khelI zakaze nahi. e jUnI sarakAre zarUAtamAM vepArI zikAra mATe AvatAM e yuropIya dhADAMone sauthI pahelAM tiraskArI. kADhayAM hatAM, paNuM pachI emane temanI sAthe mukAbalo kare paDyo, ane pariNAmamAM hAravuM paDayuM. cInanI sarakAranI hAranA samAcAra jema jema cIna para patharAtA gayA tema tema e sarakAra sAmenA. baLavAkhora paribaLAe mAthuM UMcakavA mAMDayuM. 1843nI sAlamAM cInanI sarakAra sAme pekIMgamAM thaelA baLavAnuM nAma TAIpIMgane baLavo hato. ane te ja samaye jyAre e baLa zamyA nahatA te samaye I. sa. 1856mAM bIjuM aphINa yuddha zarU thayuM. aMgrejI vepArIo. AkhA cInane aphINa pahoMcADavAnA Agraha mATe yuddha karavA taiyAra thayA hatA. ane A samaye aMgrejI zAhIvAdanI kumake phrAnsa ane amerikAnAM lazkare AvI pahoMcyAM hatAM. cInI prajAe e traNe vepArI jamAtanI jallAdI mAgaNIo svIkAravAnI nA pADI. pachI aMgreja ane phrenca lazkaree kenTIna lyuM. ane tyAMnA vAIsarAyane khaMDanI beDIo paherAvI hiMdamAM mekalyo. pachI e zAhIvAdI lakaree TInasananA killAo kabaje karyA ane cInanA pATanagara, pekIMga para caDhAI karI. pharIvAra cInane hAra khAvI paDI, ane salAha karavI paDI. e salAhamAM cIne zAhIvAdI vepArIo mATe bIja daza baMdaro khullo mUkyAM tathA yurepa tathA amerikAnA sarakArI pradhAne ane sarakAranA dUtone cInamAM AvakAra maLe tevI jogavAI karI ApavI paDI. e uparAMta yurepa tathA amerikAnA vepArIo tathA pAdarIone cInanA ekeeka pradeza upara pharavA devAnI

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316 zarate svIkAravI paDI. e badhA uparAMta yuropa ane amerikAnA pAdarIo je cInano kAyade teDe te temane nyAya cUkavavA mATe cInI amaladAro nAlAyaka manAyA eTaluM ja nahi paNa yuropa ane amerikAnA cInamAM rahetA vatanIone cInI kAyadAothI mukta gaNavAmAM AvyA. jANe eTaluM ochuM hoya tema A samaye aMgreja zAhIvAde cIna pAsethI hoMgakoMganI sAme Avele cInane eka meTa pradeza paDAvI lIdho. aphINanA vepArane kAyadesara jAhera karyo tathA yuddhamAM thaelo badho kharca cIna pAsethI levAnuM TharAvyuM. A pramANe yuropanA zAhivAdoe caDhiyAtAM sAdhanane lIdhe duniyAnA arthakAraNamAM pAchA paDI gaelA eziyAnA deza para vijaya meLavavA mAMDyA. e vijayane pariNAmamAM eziyAnA bIjA dezanI jema Akho cIna deza paNa e zAhIvAdI zikArano bhoga banavA mAMDyo, jANe cInanA dehanAM ekeeka aMga eka pachI eka zAhIvAdI pakaDamAM sapaDAvA lAgyAM. jANe ke bhayaMkara zikArI ItihAsanI AgekucamAM pAchaLa paDI gayelA cInanA aMgo kheMcI kADhato hato. cIne AkhAe eka bhayaMkara vedanA anubhavI. zAhIvAdI pakaDamAM cuMthAtuM cInanuM zarIra ArtanAda karI rahyuM. raziyAe AmAra nadInI uttara bhAga ane usuphI nadIne pUrva bhAga I. sa. 1858mAM paDAvyo. krAse potAnA eka pAdarInA maraNanuM vera vALavAnuM bahAnuM kADhI I.sa. 1960mAM InDa cAInAno pradeza kabaje karyo. I. sa. 1894 mAM jApAnI mAMkaDuM cIna upara utarI paDavuM tathA phArasA ane keriyAne pitAnI hakumata nIce ANyA uparAMta cIna pAsethI yuddhanA kharaca paTe dhananA DhagalA paDAvyA. I. sa. 1898 mAM pitAnA be pAdarInA khUnane javAba mAgatA jarmanIe kyAucATane Akho pradeza jhaDapI lIdho. e rIte AkhuM cIna yurepanI zAhIvAdI bhUtAvaLenI lAgavagane

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317 pradeza banI rahyuM tathA cInane pitapotAnuM bajAra banAvatI yurepa, amerikA ane jApAnanI vepArI murAdo mArakaNuM dAva khelI rahI. e ja sAthe cIna para eka bIjI ramata paNa cInanA itihAsamAM khelAI rahI hatI. 1860mAM jyAre bIjA aphINayuddhanA zAhIvAdI vijetAo cInanI lohI nIMgaLatI dharatI para saMhAra khelatAM pagalAM mUkatA hatA tyAre cInanI sarakArano juvAna zahenazAha jehela tarapha nAsI chUTayo ane tyAM eka varasa jIvIne maraNa pAmyo. pachI cInanI sarakAra vatI e rAjAnI rANuM rAjya karI rahI. paNa tyArapachI tarataja cInapara jApAnanuM AkramaNa AvyuM ane yuropanI vepArI sarakAranA paMjA cIna para patharAvA mAMDayA. zAhIvAdonI lUMTanI nItithI AghAta pAmelI cInanI rAjyakartA rANIe pitAnAM lazkarane paradezIone hAMkI kADhavA mATe uzkeryo. ghaDIbhara rASTravAdane jhanUnI Aga cIna para patharAI rahyo. cInanA keTalAka bhAgomAM paradezIonI katala I. sa. 1900 mAM zarU thaI zAhIvAdI lazkare pitAnI caDhiyAtI yuddha sAmagrIthI cInane tArAja ane mahAta karatAM pharI vaLyAM ane pATanagara pekIMga sudhI pahoMcyAM. cInanI chellI rANuM DAvagera ane tenA darabArIo ziAnaku tarapha nAThAM ane iglenDa, phrAnsa, raziA, jarmanI, jApAna tathA amerikAnAM lazkaree ekaThAM maLIne pekIMganAM naranArIonI katala karI, pekIMgane raste raste cInanA lehInI choLo uchALI tathA AkhA nagarane lUTayA pachI saLagAvI mUkyuM. cInane e nAza hato. e nAza ItihAsanI AgekUcamAM aTakI jaI hastaudyogothI AgaLa na vadhanAra cInapara anivArya rIte Avyo hato. itihAsanA krama sAthe je dezo AgaLa vadhyA hatA te zAhIvAdI dezee cInanA e nAzane Aryo hato paNa e nAzamAM ja cInanI jUnI saMskRtine vinAza hate. cInanA junA arthakAraNano aMta hato. cInanI rajavADAzAhIne vinAza

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318 hata tathA cInanA jUnA rItarivAjone aMta AvavAnuM hatuM ane temAMthI ja tyAre khabara nahetI tevuM nUtana saMskRtinA UgamavALuM ratuM cIna janamavAnuM hatuM. jUnI saMskRtine vinAza ane nUtana cIna - zAhIvAde calAvelA cInanA samagra jIvananA zeSaNa sAthe cInamAM na prANu jAgato hato. cInamAMthI hajAre juvAno pitAne jItanAra zAhIvAdI dezane samajavA paradezamAM upaDI jatA hatA. evA seMkaDe juvAne IglenDa, jarmanI, amerikA ane jApAnanI vidyApIThamAMthI bhaNIgaNIne ghera AvavA lAgyA ane cInamAM pitAnI sAthe paradezamAMthI vijJAna, yaMtravAda ane itihAsanI prakriyAonI samaja lAvavA lAgyA. cInanA juvAnoe yurepa, amerikA ane jApAnanA jIvanane ahobhAva pAmIne paNa AtmavizvAsathI joyuM. emane yuropanI magarUbI potAnA mAthAmAM para utAravAnuM mana thayuM. emane paradezanuM vijJAna cInamAM vahetuM mUkavAnA vicAra AvyA. emaNe ghera AvIne potAnA bApadAdAonI dhArmika mAnyatAone savAla pUchanyA tathA jUnA rItarivAjo phagAvI devA mAMDyA tathA e jAgelA juvAnone cIna para patharAyelI jUnI saMskRtinA jALAMone saLagAvI mUkavAnuM mana thayuM. dareka varSe evA hajAre juvAne pazcimane prakAza laIne cInanI dharatI para UtaravA lAgyA tathA cInanA ekeeka zaheramAM aneka savAla jagAvatA krAntine nAda janmAvI rahyA. e krAntine sAda jagavanArAo khUba nAnI laghumatimAM hatAM te paNa prarvatanazIla hevAthI jUnA dharmanI jaDa UkheDavAmAM jUnI nItinA mULa para ghA karavAmAM tathA jUnA leke sAme navI juvAnIne jagADavAmAM phatteha pAmatA hatA. pazcimanA saMparkamAM AvyA pachI cInAI juvAne mane koI eka khristi thayelo juvAna

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319 kenanI pAsenA gAmane kheDUta hato. I. sa. 1866 mAM e kheDUtane ghera eka dIkare jo jenuM nAma teNe sunayAta sena pADayuM. ene e dIkare nAnapaNamAM ja devaLAmAM jaI mUrtione bagADavA mAMDyo. pachI enA bApAe enA moTA bhAI sAthe ene havAImAM mokalI dIdho ane tyAM sunayAta sene pitAne abhyAsa zarU karyo. cInamAM AvyA pachI sunayAtasena briTiza meDikala kelejamAM joDAyo ane pachI eNe enA vicAro dhIme dhIme krAnti tarapha doravA mAMDayA. eka divase e sTImaramAM beTho ane 1600 mAIla dUra uttaramAM cInanA rAjakartA pAse dezane sudhAravA mATenI pitAnI yojanAo mUkavA upaDI gaye. paNa ene mulAkAta ApavAmAM AvI nahi ane teNe cInanI krAnti mATe paisA ugharAvavAnI zarUAta karI. pachI e amerikA ne yurepa gayo. laMDanamAM ene cAInIjha lIgezane gerakAyadesara rIte keda karyo. paNa eka vepArIe ene choDAvyo ane paMdara varSa sudhI e duniyAnA eka zaherathI bIje zahera bhaTakyo. te daramiyAna eNe cInanI krAnti mATe pAMca lAkha Dolara ekaThA karyA hatA. e sAthe ekAeka tene saMdeza maLe ke krAntikArI TUkaDIoe dakSiNa jItyuM ane uttara tarapha kUca karI hatI tathA ene cInAI sAmrAjyanA pramukha tarIke pasaMda karyo hato. thoDAMka aThavADiyA pachI tarataja e hoMgakoMga Utaryo te samaye cInanI rANI DAvAgera maraNa pAmI hatI tathA tenI jagyAe maMcUkeno zahenazAha puI gAdI para Avyo hato. A navA zahenazAhanI sarakAre dezamAM ghaNuM sudhArA zarU karI dIdhA. niyaMtrita rAjyataMtra karavAnAM vacana ApI dIdhAM. ekeeka vyaktine matAdhikAra ApavAnuM nakkI karyuM paNa tethI krAntino juvALa aTake ema na hatuM. 1912 nA phebruArI mAsanA bAramA divase juvAna zahenazAhanI cArekora baLavAnI nAbate vAgI rahI. zahena

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320 zAhanA lazkare sarakAranuM rakSaNa karavAnI nA pADI. zahenazAhe rAjagAdInA tyAga kacerrI. krAntikArIe zahenazAha tarapha udAratAthI varyAM. temaNe zahenazAhanuM jIvana lIdhuM niha. ulaTu' ene jIvavAnI jogavAI karI ApI. pachInI paristhitiomAM sunayAtasena peAtAnuM jUnu sthAna TakAvI zakayo nahi. teNe khullI rIte sAmyavAdanA svIkAra karyo tethI tenA madhyamavargI sahAya! nAsIpAsa thayA. cIna pAse badhA vargone anukULa thaI paDe tevI sarakAra hatI nahi. cInanI krAntie rAjAzAhInA rUpakane bhAMgI nAkhyuM hatuM. rUDhi ane kAyadA taraphanI vaphAdArIne teADI nAkhI tathA rASTravAdamAM bhaMgANa pADayuM hatuM. pariNAme uttara sAme dakSiNa AMtaravigraha phATI nIkaLyuM. vargavigraha bhabhUkI UThayo tathA aMgata milkata sAme bhukhamarA ane dharaDAMe! sAme jIvAne mAthuM UMcakIne UbhA thaI gayA. sAhasikAe lazkare jamAvyAM ane chUTAchavAyA IlAkAo para kara nAkhI rAja karavA mAMDayA. cIna upara adha kAranuM AvaraNa patharAI gayuM. eka pachI bIjo saradAra tenA para AvatA gaye| ane paDatA gayA. lUTaphATa dararAjanA niyama anyA. bhUkhe maratA mANasa sAme lUMTArU ke lazkaranA sipAI banyA vagara bIjo kAI bhAga khulluM rahyo nahi leAkeAe sAcavI rAkhelI milkatA lUMTAI gaI ane jyAM evI lUMTa cAlI nahi tyAM vijetA saradArAnI japtIe besI gaI. e rIte cInamAM zarU thayelI kisAne ane kAmadArAnI mAlikA sAmenI krAnti veDaphAI na jAya evA uddezathI raziyAe I. sa. 1922 mAM peAtAnA e rAjakAraNamAM kuzaLa evA mANase mekalyA temAMnA eka kArakhAna ane bIje jokI hatA. bannene raziyana sarakAranA evA hukama hatA ke cInamAM sAmyavAdI krAnti saphaLa banAvavI. kArAkhAne cInanI sarakAra sAthe saMdhi karIne raziyana sarakAranI hakumatane svIkAra karAvIne krAnti

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31 mATenA rastA mekaLA karyAM. jokIe sunayAtasena sAthe vATAghATA zarU karI. chevaTe seviyeTanA sittera amaladArA sAthe eka rASTrIya lazkara taiyAra karAvavAnA svIkAra karAvye. paraMtu e lazkara bhAIkala mereADIna nAmanA eka raziyana salAhakAranI dAravaNI nIce hatuM. chatAMpaNu tenA saradAra sunayAtasenanA eka vakhatane saradAra cAMgakAI zeka nAmaneA hateA. cAMga-kAI zekanI saradArI nIce A krAntinA lazkare kenTezananI uttara tarapha kUca karI tathA te bAjunA zaheza jItavA mAMDayAM tathA chevaTe pekIMgamAM sattA sthApI. e rIte jyAre krAnti vijayI banI teja samaye cAMgakAi-zeke krAntine ge| dIdhuM. kheDUtA, majUrA ane sAmyavAdIonI katala karAvI. mUDIvAdI hakumata nIce lazkarI saramukhatyArI sthApI dIdhI tathA sAmyavAdI caLavaLane! aMta ANuvA damanadhArAe zarU karI dIdhI.

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jA pA na prakaraNa 1 bauddhu jApAna jApAnanI sauthI purANI daMtakathA mele che ke zarUAtamAM jApAnanI bhUmi para devale ke vasatAM hatAM ane tee janamatAM hatAM ne maratAM hatAM. janamatAM ne maratAM devadevIomAMthI bAkI e rahyAM. eka IjhAnAjhI ane bIjI IjhAnAmI, baMnne bhAIbahena hatAM. annene jApAnane janmAvavAne IzvarI Adeza maLyo. ane svarganA pUla para UbhAM. ane nIcenA samudramAM eka ratnajaData bhAle! dhAMcyA, pachI e bhAlAne AkAzamAM ardhara UMcako. pachI bhAlAmAMthI je TIpAM TapakayAM te pavitra TApue banI gayA. pachI pelAM e bhAIbahena paraNyAM. ane A bannene jApAnI prajA janamI. IjhAnAmInI DAkhI AMkhamAMthI sUrajadevIne! janma thayA ane pachI e sUryavaMzamAMthI jApAna para daivI havALA rAjavaMza phelAye. vAta te! ema hatI ke jApAnanA TApu dharatIka MpamAMthI phUTI nIkaLyA hatA, ane Aja sudhI e TApuo dharatIkaMpanA bhayaMkara AMcakAo sahana karatA AvyA che. I. sa. 199mAM DAlatI dhara

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3273 tIe jApAnanAM gAmeAne vikarALa jhAlA khavaDAvyA, lAkhA jApA- nIenA devabhUmipara rAma ramI gayA. 1703mAM bIjo kaMpa thaye ane ekalA TAkiyeAmAM 32,000 jAnane jamatA gayA. I. sa. 1885mAM pAchu jApAnI pATanagara hileALe caDhayuM ane phATelI dharatImAM hajAre hajama thaI gayAM ane maDadAMnAM DhaganADhaga gADAMmAM bharAbharAI ne danAyAM. 1923mAM pharIvAra dharatI mUcha ane dharatInA peTamAMthI ciciyArI karatI jvAlAe bhabhUkI UThI. Teki ceAmAM eka lAkha mANasa maraNa pAmyAM ane ceAkAhAmAmAM 37,000 zamI gayAM tathA khudda bhagavAnane vahAluM evuM kALAkurA AkhuM bhUMsAI gayuM. jApAnanA leAkeA eka pachI eka doDavA AvatA A kudaratI AkramaNathI akaLAI gayA. ane ghaNAkharAne teA bhagavAne khAsa banAvelA jApAnI TApuo mATe nirAzA UpajI paNa chevaTe leAkakathAe A kudaratI saMkaTane daMtakathAmAM vaNI lIdhAM ane kahyuM keH~~~TApuonI nIce kAI daivI mAchalI jAgI UThI che ane ALasa maraDe che tyAre badhA TApue hacamacI UThe che. evI aneka rIteAthI jApAnanAM vatanIee peAtAnA mana manAvyAM ane jApAnanA dharabAra cheDavAM nahi. pachI dhIme dhIme jApAna dharatIkaMpathI TevAi gayuM ane jApAnanI nizALamAM bhaNatAM che!karAe paNa dharatIkaMpathI thatA avAranavAra AMcakAone hasI kADhavA lAgyA. pachI AkhI prajA dhIrajathI, hiMMmatathI ane bahAdurIthI dharatIka panA jhelA khAtI udyogavAda tarapha UMdhe mAthe Aje dhasI rahI che. evA jApAnanA mULa vatanIo kANu hatA ane cAMthI AvyA te savAla kAipaNa sa`skRtinI zarUAtane prathama prazna kahevAya. paNa jApAnanI prajAnI zarUAtamAM evA savAlA joIe teTalA spaSTa nathI. ema lAge che ke jApAnamAM traNa tattvA eka prajA banIne rahyAM che. emAMnuM paheluM tattva aitazamAM thaI te jApAnamAM peThelA prAthamika dazAnA geArA leAkeAnuM che. e leke! Amura nadInA

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324 pradezamAM thaIne AvyA hAvAnuM lAge che. tyArapachI Izu pahelAM sAtase varSoM upara pILAM mAMgeAla leAkeA AvyA haze ane malAyAnA dakSiNanA TApuemAMthI bhUkharA raMganA leAkeA paNa jApAnamAM UtarI AvyA haze. A traNe tattvAnI eka ghaTanA Aje eka saMskRti ane eka prajA banI rahI che jApAnIsa prajAnA pUrva itihAsa jotAM jaNAya che ke kudaratanA tattva ane pazuonI pUjA jUnA jApAnIsa leAkeA karatA hatA ane sAthe sAthe te vakhatanI dhArmika jarUriyAte, jAtIya pUjA ane pUrva japUjAnI paNa hatI. tArAomAM, gRheAmAM, AkAzamAM, vanaspatimAM ane jIvajaMtuomAM, jhADamAM ane pazuemAM tathA mANasAmAM paNa jApAnanI dhArmikavRttI daivI zaktinAM darzana karatI ane tene pUjatI. samayanI e dhArmikatAe ekeeka dharapara ane dharavAsIe para devadevIonI bhUjADa bhaTakatI karI mUkI hatI.. tathA agninI jvAlAmAM ane battInI jyAtamAM paNa jApAnavAsIene devadevIo jhabUkatAM jaNAtAM hatAM. devIpUjAnA prakAramAM kAcabAnI pITha ane haraNanAM hADakAM saLagAvIne sArUM narasuM nasIba jovAnI dhArmika vidhio thatI hatI. marI gayelAM mANasA vatAMne DarAvatAM hatAM ane pUjanaana karAvatAM hatAM. kArAmAM dhaNI kiMmatI vastuo maraNa pAmelA mANasa mATe mUkavAmAM AvatI hatI. puruSanI kabaramAM talavAra ane strInI kabaramAM arIsA e mukhya vastu hatI. jamInadArA ane ThAkArA maraNa pAmatA tyAre te temanI kabaranAM jIvatAM dAsadAsIene baLajabarIthI caNI levAmAM AvatAM hatAM ane tApaNu aneka devadevIonI ArAdhanA karatA. jApAnIsa samAja kudaratanI aneka AktAthI pIDAtA ja hatA. keAIvAra duSkALa tA kAvAra ativRSTithI jApAnanI janatA vinAza pAmatI hatI ane e saumAM dharatIkaMpa tA haMmezanuM saMkaTa hatu. evA bhayAkuLa saMjogAmAM jApAnanA DhAkA bIkanA mAryAM pAtAnA devadevIone prasanna rAkhavA mANaseAnA bhega paNa dharAvatA hatA.

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325 prAthamika dazAnA e dhArmika AcAramAMthI jApAnane dharma phUTate hato. e dharmanuM nAma zuM hatuM. e dhameM bhagavAnane mukhya traNa bhAgamAM vahecI nAkhyA hatA. eka pahelA vibhAgamAM kuTuMbamAM marI gayelA pUrvajo bhagavAne hatA. bIjA vibhAgamAM jAtionA maraNa pAmelA mahApuruSo sAmAnya bhagavAne banyA hatA tathA trIjA vibhAgamAM zahenazAhane janma ApanAra bhagavAna hovAthI badhA zahenazAha bhagavAne hatA. te bhagavAnanI khAsa pUjA rAjA yuddhamAM Utarato tyAre thatI. jApAnane evA zaTe dharmamAM kaI khAsa pratijJAo pALavAnI na hatI. keI savizeSa vidhi vidhAno karavAnAM na hatAM. nItinA keI khAsa kAyadA pramANe vartavAnuM na hatuM tathA e dharmamAM koI khAsa adhikAravALA dharmaguruonI -jamAta UbhI thaI nahotI ane e dharmamAM amRtatvanI koI AzvAsana Ape tevI mAnyatA ghaDI kADhavAmAM nahatI AvI. e dharmamAM mAtra ekaja vidhi hato. e vidhi pUrvajone, zahenazAhane tathA bhUtakALanI badhI vastuone pUjavAne hato. tyAra pachI I. sa. parara mAM buddha dharme cInamAMthI jApAnamAM praveza karyo. buddha dharmane anurUpa evAM be kAraNe jApAnanI paristhitimAM hatAM. paheluM kAraNa lokonI dharmanI jarUriyAta hatI ane bIjAM kAraNe sarakAranI rAjakIya jarUrIAta paNa hatI. hiMdamAMthI cInamAM thaIne Ave e buddha dharma mULa ayavAdI nirAzAvAdI AcArazuddha tathA nirvANanA ciMtanavALo na hato. jApAnamAM Avelo buddha dharma mahAyAna zAkhAne hato ke je zAkhAmAM buddha dharmanA nAmamAM aneka devadevIe manuSyanA AtmAne uddhAra karatA dekhAtAM hatAM. tathA aMgata amRtatvanA taraMge praveza pAmI cUkyA hatA, e uparAMta e dharmamAM dAna, dayA, zAMti, AjJAdhArakatA, ane evA bIjA sadgaNe je sarakArane zAsana mATe khUba jarUranA jaNAvyA che te paNa te zAkhAmAM hatA. e dharma garIba lokone emanA para

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326 thatA julamA sahana karavA mATe mithyA AzA ane AzvAsana Apate hatA tathA peAtAnI je sthiti heAya temAM sa MteSa mAnavAnuM kahete hatA. e uparAMta e dhama mAM kacaDAtI mAnava jAta mATe kavitAonA taraMgA, daMtakathAo, prAthanAonAM AzvAsane tathA dhArmika utsavAnA dhelachAbharyAM nATAraMbhe paNa hatA. duniyAnA dareka dezamAM samayanA mAlikAne khuza karI tathA kacaDAtI mAnava jAtanI mAlike taraphanI vaphAdArI sAcavI rAkhIne dhame AvuM eka jAtanuM mithyA zikSaNa janatAne ApyuM che tathA evA zikSaNane hamezAM rAjapaTu vyaktie AvakAryuM che. eTaluM ja nahi paNa tene sarakArI kAyado, sAmAjika vyavasthA tathA rASTrIya aikayane TakAvI rAkhanArUM mAnyuM che. jApAnamAM buddha dharmane vijaya apAvanAra leAkeAnI dhArmika jarUriyAta te| hatI ja paraMtu e vijaye jApAnanI devI zahenazAhatane vijaya apAvyeA che. I. sa. 186mAM jyAre zahenazAha ceAnI maraNa pAmyA tyAra pachI buddha dharmanA AzarA heThaLa sATAka peAtAnA harIkane harAvI vijaya pAmyA ane eNe e!gaNIsa varSa sudhI devanA dIdhelA evA jApAnanA pivatra TApu upara rAjya karyuM. eNe jApAna AkhAmAM buddha dharmAMne! pracAra karyAM tathA e peAte jApAnanA azeka jevA banI rahyo. eNe kalA ane vijJAnane paNa vikasAvavA kAriyA ane cInamAMthI kArIgarAne kheAlAvyA, itihAsa lakhAvyA tathA citrA derAvyAM paNa enA maraNa pachI kAmATArI nAmanA eka umarAve jApAnanA rAjakIya itihAsamAM krAMti karI. eNe 2 jagAdInA vArasadAranuM khUna karAvyuM. eka DhIMgalA jevA rAjAne gAdI upara besADayo ane pote mukhya pradhAna banyA tathA jApAnane rAjakIya draSTie eka zahenazAhanA sIdhA kANu nIce mUkI eka banAvyuM. jApAnanA zahenazAha TensI (devanA dIkarA) athavA Tene ( daivI rAjA ) ane pachI mikADe kahevAvA lAgyuMA.

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3ra7 1 evA jApAnI rAjAne vaMza satata cAlu rahe te mATe zahenazAha pitAnI IcchAmAM Ave teTalI strIo rAkhI zake evuM nakkI thayuM tathA zahenazAhanA aneka chokarAomAMthI sauthI vaDe dIkare heya teja nahi paNa jene zahenazAha athavA te samayanA sattAdhIzo TharAve teja gAdI upara AvatA. zarUAtanA dIvasamAM buddha dharmanI asara nIce zahenazAho dhArmikavRttivALA thayA. keTalAkee te emAM buddha sAdhu thavA mATe rAjagAdIne tyAga karyo tathA mAchalAM mAravAnA dhaMdhAne paNa baMdha karyo. paNa rAjAzAhInA aniSTa ane julmonI mUrti jevo eka yojI nAmane zahenazAha saumAM apavAdarUpa hato. eNe potAnA bANanuM nizAna tAkavA lokene jhADa para laTakAvyAM ane vIMdhI nAkhyAM. eNe kumArIkAone rastA para pakaDI raMjADI. eNe strIone deraDAthI bAMdhI taLAvamAM DUbADI dIdhI. e zahenazAhanI savArI jyAre pATanagaranA rastA parathI pasAra thatI hoya tyAre e zahenazAhane lokone phaTakA mAravAne zekha thato hato pachI jApAnamAM ajoDa ane apavAdarUpa evI hiMmata karI zahenazAhane bhagavAna mAnI pUjanArA jApAnanA lokoe kaMTALI baLavo karyo tathA yojIne gAdI uparathI uThADI mUkyo. I. sa. 794mAM jApAnanuM pATanagara nArAne badale nAgAvA rAkhavAmAM AvyuM ane tyAra pachI kATa (zAMtinuM nagara) jApAnanI rAjadhAnI banyuM. pachI I. sa. 1190 mAM koTemAM pAMca lAkha loko rahetA hatA ane te samayanuM kaTe nIkala ane kaDavA sivAyanAM yuropanAM nagaramAMthI sauthI moTuM hatuM e koTAnA moTA bhAgamAM garIbanA jhUMpaDAM tathA koTaDAM hatAM. emAM rahetI garIba janatA buddha dharmanA AzvAsanathI garIbAIne gunha mAnIne AvatA janmanI AzAo sevatI namratA ane saMtoSathI rahetI hatI. nagarano nAno bhAga moTA thatA bAga bagIcA ane mahAlacothI zaNagArelo hato. tyAM amIra umarA ane darabAra rahetA

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328 hatA. e kALa evo hato jyAre jApAnanA jIvanamAM dolatanA darajjA pramANe mAlike ane dAsenI asamAnatA zarU thaI gaI hatI. eka hajAra varSathI jApAne cInamAMthI saMskRti pitAne tyAM lAvavAnI zarUAta karI dIdhI hatI. tathA cInanI saMskRtine svarUpo pitAne tyAM utAravA mAMDayAM hatAM. hastaudyogonuM zikSaNa I. sa. trIjA saikAthI jApAne keriyA pAsethI sIkhavA mAMDyuM hatuM. pitAne ghera hastaudyogo karanAra svataMtra evo kArIgara varga hatuM ane te uparAMta jamInadAro tathA ThAkoro ghaNuM gulAmo rAkhIne udyogo karAvatA hatA. cIna jevA sudharelA ane saMparkathI thayelA potAnA pADozIne dekhIne uttejIta thayela jApAna have jene e suvarNa yuga kahe che temAM pravezatuM hatuM. jApAnamAM dAna ekaThuM thatuM hatuM tathA jApAnane umarAva varga ThAThathI ane vilAsathI jIvate hatA. koTe jApAnanuM parIsa banI gayuM hatuM tathA koTanAM naranArIo rItabhAta ane kalAmAM tathA khAnapAna ane jIvananA bIjA vyavahAramAM zokhIna ane raMgIlAM banatA hatAM. meTI meTI mIjabAnIo ane use jApAnanA jIvanamAM pravezI cUkyA hatA. jApAnanA zrImaMte suMdara evAM rezamI vastro paheratAM hatAM. jApAnanA raMgabhuvanemAM raMgaberaMgI kaLAne namUnAo jhabakI rahyA hatA. jApAnanA maMdire ane mahAlaye saMgIta ane nAcathI DolI UThayAM hatAM. kavitA ane sAhitya vikAsa pAmatAM hatAM. jApAnano e vIlAsakALa hato paraMtu dhanasaMcayathI AvatA vilAsamAM kaLAne nAza karanArA kAraNe paNa sAthe janmatAM hoya che. koI paNa paLe e vilAsanAM sAdhane vyApArI parivartane sAthe nAza pAmatA hoya che ke zoSita janatAnA baLavAmAM vinAza pAmatAM hoya che. athavA to vepArI yuddhomAM ja veDaphAI jatAM hoya che. jApAnanA e kALamAM zrImaMtone ghera jeTalo vilAsa vadhavA mAMDayo

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39 teTalAM ja pramANamAM samAjamAM gunhAonuM pramANa paNa vadhavA mAMDayuM. jApAnanI jamIna para ane pANI para luMTArUo ane cAMciyAonAM jUtha bhamavA mAMDavAM. sarakArI khajAnAe paNa luMTAvA mAMDavA. jApAnanA nagareAmAM ane pATanagaromAM paNa dhADA paDavA mAMDI. meTAmeTA zrImaMtA ane umarAvAe peAtapeAtAnAM lazkara jamAvavA mAMDayA. karAtAe madhyastha sarakArane potapAtAnI icchA pramANe vaza vartAvavAnA veza bhajavavA mAMDavyA. jApAnanI sarakAre ane samAjavyavasthA e eka vikaTa samayamAMthI pasAra thaI rahyAM hatAM.

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prakaraNa 2 ' lazkarI saramukhatyArI AvI paristhitimAM lazkarI saramukhatyArano eka varga UbhA thaye tathA teNe jApAnanA bIjA vargo upara adhikAra jamAvavA mAMDyo. zahenazAha ochAmAMochA kharce nabhAvI zakAya evI eka daivI mUrti banI rahyo. kheDUtoe zahenazAhane kara ApavAne badale zaguna athavA senApatione kara ApavA mAMDyA. 1192mAM pInA jAtinA eka yurI nAmanA mANase pitAnI AsapAsa lazkara jamAvyuM ane eka sattAkendra UbhuM karyuM. je kApAkura bakupunA nAmathI oLakhAvA mAMDayuM. bakukuno artha lazkarI saMsthA evo thAya che. e rIte zarU thayelo lazkaravAda e jApAnI sarakAranuM navuM svarUpa hatuM. tyAra pachI mahAna yurITama maraNa pAmyo ane tenA maraNa pachI doDhaso varSe cInanA mahAna kubalAIkhAnane jApAna jItavAnI icchA thaI AvI. kubalAIkhAne eka khUba meTe e dariyAI kAphalo bAMdhavAno hukama karyo. kubalAIkhAna pAMcaso jahAje ane eka lAkha mANasanuM lazkara laI jApAna para caDho. I. sa. 1291mAM kubalAIkhAnanuM dariyAI lazkara jApAnane kinArethI dekhAyuM. bahadura jApAnavAsIo eka nAnuM sarakho kAphalo laI kubalAIne

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331 bheTA karavA bahAra nIkaLyA ane ekAeka jApAnanI madade mahAna vaTALiyA AkAzamAMthI UtarI paDayo. kubalAIkhAnanAM jADAjo khaDakA sAthe pachaDAI ne tUTI gayAM. enA sIttera hajAra dariyAI sainike| dariyAmAM ja DUbI gayA ane bAkI rahyA te jApAnamAM jIvana-bhara gulAma anavA pakaDAI gayA. have lazkarI saradAra paNa sattAnA madamAM ane zrImatAInA vilAsamAM cakacUra banyA hatA e saradArAmAM TAkATakI nAmane eka hatA. ene kutarAone ajaba zAkha lAgyA hatA. eNe kheDUtAne karanA badale kUtarAo ApavAne hukama karyo hate. seAnAcAMdInA AvaraNeAthI zaNagArelA pAMca hajAra zikArI kUtarAo e peAtAnI pAse rAkhatA tathA temane pakSIe tathA UMcI jAtanI mAchalIone khArAka ApatA. lazkaravAdanI A dazA joI ne te samayanA zahena zAha geADIgAne zAhIsattAnA punaH udghAra karavAnuM mana thayuM. vinAmeATA ane AzIkAgA nAmanI e jAtionA saradArIe zahenazAhane madada ApavAnuM vacana ApyuM. zahenazAhe lazkaravAda sAme jaMga mAMDayo. ane lazkaravAdanA mukhI TAkATAkI ane enA khIjA Ase sIttera saradArA hAryAM ane devaLamAM bharAI gayA. tyAM temaNe zeka nAmane dArU chellIvAra pIdhA ane hArAkArIthI ( jApAnanA kSAtravaTanI peAtAnI jAte peAtAnAM AMtaraDAM bahAra kheMcI kADhI AtmadhAta karavAnI kriyA) peAtAnI jAtanA aMta ANyo. paNa pachI azIkAgAnA saradAra TAkajIe zahenazAha sAme ja hathiyAra UMcakyuM. zahenazAha geDIgAne padabhraSTa karI eka kAgeAna nAmanA zahenazAhane gAdI para besADayo ane kayATAmAM eNe AzIkAgA speArTunIne lazkaravAda zarU karyAM. tyAra pachI aseA pacAsa varSa pharIvAra jApAnamAM aMdhA dhUMdhInA kALa Avye.. e aMdhAdhuMdhIneA nAza karI navA lazkaravAdamAM jApAnamAM karI kAyade ane vyavasthA sthApavAne nirdhAra traNa senApatioe karyAM. temAMnA eka nepunAgA, bIjo hIDIyeAsI tathA trIjo

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332 AmevAsA hate. nopunAgAe prayatna karI je paNa tene saphaLatA maLI nahi, hIDIsIne phatteha maLI paNa e tarataja maraNa pAmyo. chelA AvAsAe TAkugAvA soguneTanI sthApanA karI tathA jApAnanA ItihAsamAM lAbo kALa cAle evo kAyado ane vyavasthA sthApyAM. e rIte jyAre igleMDamAM rANuM IlIjhAbetha rAja karatI hatI ane hiMdamAM akabaranuM zAsana cAlatuM hatuM tyAre jApAnamAM mahAna hIDIsI adhikAra jamAvato hato. ene jApAnanA lake vAMdara mukho (sarUema kAMgA) kahetA hatA kAraNake meDhAnI virUpatAmAM e kanaphyuziyasane paNa TapI jAya te hato. bALapaNamAM ja enI tophAnI vRttine zAMta pADavA enA mAbApe ene eka dhArmika zALAmAM bhaNavA mUka paNa eNe zALAmAM bauddha dharmaguruonI ThekaDIthI mAMDIne te aneka jAtanI dharma virUddha kriyAo karavA mAMDI ane tethI tene zALAmAMthI hAMkI mUkavAmAM Avyo. pachI enA mAbApe ene ThekANe pADavA batrIsavAra judAjudA dhaMdhAmAM dhakelyo paNa e koIpaNa jagAe kayAMya cAlyo nahi. chevaTe eNe jApAnI lazkaravADe UbhA karelA samurAI nAmanI jamAtamAM nokarI lIdhI. eNe samurAI banyA pachI enA mAlikanI jIMdagI eka vAra bacAvI. pachI e nebunAga sAthe joDAya ane eNe nebunAgAne potAnI buddhi ane hiMmatathI madada karI ane 1pa8ramAM jyAre nebunAgA maraNa pAme tyAre e baLavAkhora sAthe joDAI gayo paraMtu traNa varSamAM e vIDIyosIe pitAnI jAtane lazkarI vaDA tarIke lAyaka banAvI dIdhI tathA te samayanA eka DhIMgalA jevA zahenazAhanI stuti paNa pitAne mATe saMpAdana karI. ene lAgyuM ke e pote keriyA ane cInane hajama karI javAne lAyaka thayo che. eNe rAjagAdI para goThavAyelA zahenazAhane samajAvyuM ke je keriyAnA lazkare enI hakumata nIce AvI jAya te e cInane jItI zake. pachI eNe sakhata prayatna karyo ane keriyA para lazkara utAryA. koriyA ane

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333 jApAna vacce dariyAmAM meATu' yudda khelAyuM. ekaja divasamAM bahAdura kAriyAvAsIoe jApAnanA chara jahAjo DUbavI dIdhAM tathA 48 jahAjo kabaje karyAM. kAriyAnAM pANI aAhIthI rAtAM thaI gayAM. jApAnanA aneka jAhAjo saLagI gayAM. jApAnI lazkaravAde vIsamI sadI sudhI kAriyA ane cInane jItavAnuM mAMDI vALI ghara tarapha haMkAryuM. jIva laI ne nAThelA hIDIyeAsIe kAriyAnA rAjAne kahAvyuM keH "amAre tamane jItavA naheAtAM mAtra riye! bhApave hatA. 19 tyArapachI hIDIceAsIe jApAnamAM jaIne ArAma levAne vicAra karyo ane eNe traNase strIone ataHpuramAM rAkhI tathA peAtAnI jUnI kheDUta strIne chUTAcheDA ApyA. peAte lazkaramAM joDAtA pahelAM je vepArInA nAkara hatA tenA uchInA lIdhelA paisA tene vyAja sAthe pAchA vAryAM. e peAte lazkarI vaDA athavA zaguna banI rahyo. seinTa phrAnsIsa I. sa. 1549mAM jApAnamAM khristI dhama laIne AvyA. jotajotAmAM eNe ane khIjA sItter pAdarIee jApAnamAM dADha lAkha leAkAne khristIo karI dIdhA. nAgAsAkI nAmanA vibhAgamAM khristIeAnI saMkhyA eTalI adhI thaI gaI ke tyAMnuM aMdara khristI baMdara banI gayuM tathA tyAMnA emuTA nAmanA rAjakartA pAse te leAkAe sarakArI rIte khristI dharma phelAvavAnI mAgaNIo karavA mAMDI. nAgAsAkI jillAmAMthI bauddha sAdhuone hAMkI kADhavAmAM AvyA tathA temanA para julame thavA lAgyA. pazcimathI AvatA A dhArmika AkramaNane hIDIyeAsI ekadama eLakhI gayeA tathA tenI pAchaLa rAjakIya AkramaNa paNa Avazeja ema tene jaNAyuM. hIDIyeAsIe jApAnanA khristI samAjanA vaDA pAse eka dUtane pAMca savAle laine meAkalcA e pAMca savAlA nIce pramANe hatA.

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334 (5) (1) zA mATe ane kaI sattAthI tame ane tamArA pAdarIo amArI prajAne khristI banAvo che? (2) zA mATe tame tamArA ziSyone amArAM jUnAM maMdirane nAza karavAnuM samajAvo cho ? bauddha sAdhuo upara zA mATe judAI vartAvavAmAM Ave che? amArA kheDUtone upayogI evA gAya ane baLadone tame leke ane phiraMgIo zA mATe khAI jAo cho ? jApAnI prajAnA vahepArIo ane jApAnI kheDUtone pakaDIne IDIjhamAM gulAma tarIke vecavA mATenI paravAnagI zA mATe Ape che ? hIDIsIe pUchelA A savAlonA javAbo AvyA paNa tethI ene saMtoSa thayo nathI. eNe 1587 mAM sarakArI jAherAta karI ke - . "amArA vaphAdAra amaladAro pAsethI amane khabara maLyA che ke amArA rAjyamAM paradezIo AvyA che ane te loko jApAnanA kAyadAthI judo evo upadeza kare che. eTaluM ja nahi paNa amArA dezanA bhagavAnanA maMdirane nAza karavA mATe paNa lokone uzkere che. AthI te leke sakhatamAM sakhata zikSAne pAtra hovA chatAM paNa amArI sarakAra temanA tarapha dayA batAvIne temane vIsa divasamAM jApAnane choDI devAno hukama kare che. e vIsa dIvasa sudhImAM e paradezIone keIpaNa jAtanuM nukazAna ke IjA karavAmAM Avaze nahi. paNa teTalI mUdata pUrI thatAM ja je amArI hadamAM temAMnuM koIpaNa dekhAze to temane giraphatAra karavAmAM Avaze tathA bhayaMkaramAM bhayaMkara gunhegArane karavAmAM AvatI zikSAo temane karavAmAM Avaze."

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335 jApAnane bIjA eziyAnA dezanI jema hajama karI javA mAgatA yurepI zAhIvAdanA saMcArane e rIte hIDIsIe ravAnagI ApI dIdhI tathA tyArapachI e pote 1598mAM pitAnA maraNa pachI ceDe pAse TAkiyAnI navI rAjadhAnI bAMdhavAnuM vacana laI maraNa pAmyA. haDIsAnA maraNa pachI AmevAsu sattA para Avyo eNe pitAnI badhI zaktithI ane krUratAthI jApAnamAM zAMti sthApI tathA lekene mATe nItinA kAyadA paNa ghaDyA. lazkarI sattAthI deza para adhikAra jamAvyA pachI ene jaNAyuM ke jApAna para have yuddhanI jarUra nathI. ekalI talavAra para mustAka rahetA pitAnA sAmurAI lokene eNe sAhitya ane ciMtana tarapha doravA mAMDyA tathA temane kalA tarapha paNa AkarSavA mAMDyA. enA adhikAra daramiyAna jApAnamAM saMskRtinAM svarUpa khIlavA mAMDyAM tathA lazkaravAda saDavA lAgyo. ane te paNa e lazkaravAdanA vaDA pAse lekazAsananA khyAla hatA nahi. eNe jAhera karyuM ke potAnA uparInI AjJAnI avagaNanA karavI e sauthI meTe aparAdha che. je mANasa potAnA darajjAnI bahAra AvavA prayatna kare che tene kApI nAMkhavo joIe tathA sarakAra sAme baLavo karanAranA AkhA kuTuMbano nAza karavo joIe. mANasonA samAjane mATe rAjAzAhI ane lazkaravAda eja sauthI sArAmAM sArI vyavasthA che ema e mAnato. eNe rAjAzAsananuM taMtra khUbaja vyavasthita banAvyuM. rAjakAraNa puruSonI jema dharmane e sAmAjIka zista jALavavAnuM sAdhana mAtra mAnate. enA rAjakAraNa manane jApAnanA junA dharmo, jUnI nIti tathA svadezabhakti e badhAM prajAkIya ejya mATe anivArya dekhAyAM. I. sa. 1614mAM eNe jApAnamAM khristI dharmane upadeza gerakAyadesara TharAvyo tathA khristI banelA badhA jApAnIone pitAnA jUnA dharmane pharIvAra

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36 aMgIkAra na kare te jApAna cheDI javA pharamAvyuM. ghaNuM pAdarIoe enA A pharamAnano savinayabhaMga karyo. eNe evA lokone kedakhAne pUryA. paNa enA maraNa pachI khristI dharma sAme ghAtakI vartAva zarU thayo ane jApAnamAMthI khristI dharmanI jaDa UkhaDI gaI. I. sa. 1638mAM zAmAbArAnA pradeza para sADatrIsa hajAra khristIo ekaThA thayA tathA tyAM temaNe pitAnuM rakSaNa karavA killebaMdhI karI tathA dhArmika svAtaMtrya mAgyuM. AmevAsu A samaye maraNa pAmyo hato ane enA pachI sattA upara AvelA AmemIlsa nAmanA dIkarAe sImAArA para lazkara mokalyuM. sImA ArAmAM jamA thayelA sADatrIsa hajAra khristIonI katala karavAmAM AvI. tyArapachI sImA ArAmAM mAtra eka pAMca mANasa bacI gayAM hatAM.

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prakaraNa 3 "lokavana" sauthI zarUAtamAM jApAnanA rAjakAraNane mekhare daivI gaNacele evo zahenazAha hato. paraMtu e pachI zahenazAhanA nAmamAM rAjyanI badhI sattAo hAthamAM rAkhata saguneTa nAmano eka lazkarI amaladAreno varga hatA. e soguneTa lokamAnasane rAjAzAhInA pratIkathI bhakitabhAvavALuM rAkhavA zahenazAha ane tenA rasAlAnA kharca mATe varasa dIvase bahu najIvI jevI rakama Apato hato. tethI zahenazAhanA darabAranA keTalAka lokone potAnuM poSaNa karavA gRhaudyogo karavA paDatA hatA. keTalA chatrIo banAvatA hatA, ramavAnA pattAM banAvatA hatA tathA eka ke bIjI vastuo taiyAra karatA hatA. kugAvA soneTe zahenazAha pAse koI paNa sattA rahevA dIdhI nahetI tathA zahenazAha nabaLo paDe tevA irAdApUrvaka tene lokethI judo rAkhavAmAM Avato hato tathA tenI AsapAsa strIo rAkhavAmAM AvatI hatI ane tene ALasu banAvavAmAM Avato hato. zahenazAhanI e dazA karIne sarakArI taMtranA sAcA mAlike je lazkarI saradAre banyA te guno kahevAtA hatA. te loko ekaThI thatI dolatane lIdhe vilAsamAM UMDA ne UMDA UtaratA hatA. tathAje

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338 khAsa hakko pahelAM zahenazAhanA hatAM te zaguno bhogavatA hatA. jyAre koIpaNa zagunanI savArI rastAmAMthI nIkaLavAnI hoya tyAre rastAparanA ekeeka gharapara polIsanI cokI besI jatI. gharanI bArIonA paDadA naMkhAI jatA, gharanI aMdara saLagatA agnine olavI nAMkhavAmAM Avato, badhA kUtarA ane bilADIone pUrI devAmAM AvatAM ane badhA lokone rastAmAM hAradera UbhA rahI jamInapara hAtha aDakAvI ane hAtha para mAthuM TekavI zagunane namavuM paDatuM. dareka zaguna pAse tene potAne ghaNo moTo aMgata rasAlo raheto. enA rasAlAmAM cAra viduSake rahetA tathA ATha saMskArI strIo koIpaNa jAtanA saMkoca vinA enI sevAmAM taiyAra rahetI. dareka zaguna pAse salAha ApanAra bAra maMtrIo hatA. e uparAMta jApAnanI samAjaracanAmAM nAnAmoTA ThAkoro athavA umarA hatA. dareka umarAva pAse pitAnA samurAI ( jApAnanI kSatriya kemanuM nAma ) hatA. e umarAvonA badhA maLIne samurAInI saMkhyA daza lAkha sudhI pahoMcatI hatI. dareka semarAI pitAnA mAlikanI sevA karavA mATe talavAra sAthe taiyAra raheta. jema cInanI aMdara dareka nAgarIka vidvAna ho ja joIe ema manAtuM tema jApAnanI aMdara nAgarIkanuM lakSaNa vidvAna thavAmAM nahi paNa talavAra laTakAvavAnuM ke sAmurAI thaI laDavAnuM hatuM. samurAI lake vikatAne dhikkAratA hatA ane talavArane cAhatA hatA ekeeka samurAI sarakArI karaverAmAMthI mukta hatA. tathA pote je lokanI sevA karato hato tenI pAsethI anAja meLavato hato. kaI kaIvAra raNabhUmI para pitAnA mAlika mATe mAthuM ApI devAnI mahenata savAyano bIje koIpaNa zrama semerAIne karavAne nahato. samurAInI talavAra ene te zaNagAra hatI. jApAnanA lazkaravAde samurAInI talavArane yatheccha vihAra paNa Apyo hato. samurAInI talavAra jyAre navI heya tathA e talavAranI dhAra jovAnuM ene mana thayuM hoya tyAre koI

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339 "paNa memurAi jeTalI sahelAithI jApAnanA rastApara pharatA kutarAne kApI nAkhI zakatA teTalIja sahelAthI te rastApara krUratA bhikhArIte kApI nAMkhavA jeTale nirakruza hatA. e uparAMta jo kAIpaNa semurAine jApAnamAM nIca gaNAtA majUra ke kheDUta sAthe takarAra thatI te te tene kAIpaNa sarakArI kAyadAnI dhAka vinA kApI nAkhavA jeTalI vargIya sattA dharAvatA hatA. lAMgapheDa lakhe che keH " eka vakhate eka prakhyAta semurAI pAse navI talavAra AvI. e talavAra laI ne talavAranI dhAra jevA nIhAna khAsa nAmanA eka eDenA pUla upara te Ubhe.. pachI acAnaka eka jADA kheDUta tyAMthI pasAra thatA hatA. semurAInI talavAra kheDUtanA mAthAne barAbara vacamAMthI kApI sIdhI e paga nIcethI nIkaLI gai ne kheDUtanA deha talavAranI be bAjue e bhAgamAM vaheMcAI ne paDavo. semurAnI A svachaMda ane nir'kuza sattA jApAnI lazkaravAdanI dhAtakatAne prakhara namUnA hateA. paNa semurAi pAse AvI nira'kuza sattA ekalI nahotI. enI pAse enA peAtAnA svamAnane kAyade hatA, e kAyade! busIDeAnA nAmathI oLakhAya che ane ene a sAmatane AcAra evA thAya che. e AcAra mAlika ane svamAna mATe jyAre jarUra paDe tyAre peAtAnI jAte ja peAtAne! jAna ApavAnA hatA. saimurAnA e sadguNa manAtA ane semurAnA jIvananuM e vyavahArasUtra lekhAtuM. e uparAMta semurAInuM jIvana sAduM ane sakhata hatuM. semurAInA vacananI ki Mmata lekhAtI hatI. semurAine je zaraNe AvatuM tene te jIvananA jokhame jALavatA. semurAi badhAM duHkhA lAgaNI vinA ane zAMtithI sahana karavAmAM mAnatA hatA. semurAInI strIe peAtAne dhaNI raNabhUmipara maraNa pAmyA che ema jANatI tyAre AnaMda pAmatI. semurAInI vaphAdArI tenA mAlika tarapha hatI, kAvAra semurAinA umarAva ke ThAkara maraNa pAmatA te peAtAnA mAlikanI paraleAkamAM paNa sevA karavA semurAi peAtAnI jAteja peAtAnA AMtaraDA bahAra

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340 kheMcI kADhI maraNa pAmato jyAre amilsa nAmano zaguna 1651mAM maraNa pAmato hato tyAre teNe potAno je mukhya pradhAna hatuM tenI pAse pitAnI paralokamAM sevA karavA mATe maraNa pAmavAnI madada mAgIekapaNa zabda bolyA sivAya hAryoe pitAnuM peTa cIrIne AMtaraDAM bahAra kADhI nAkhyAM tathA bIjA anucaroe paNa te ja pramANe karyuM. jyAre zahenazAha munyuhITe 1912 mAM enA pUrvajo pAse cAlyo gayo tyAre senApati nogI ane tenI strIe paNa zahenazAha sAthe javAne ApaghAta karyo. duniyAmAM ajoDa evo e mAlika taraphanI gulAmonI vaphAdArIne basIDa nAmano jApAnI niyama hato. e niyama pramANe keTalAye samurAI pitAnuM peTa cIrIne AMtaraDAM kADhI nAMkhavAnI kriyA je hArAkArInA nAmathI oLakhAya che te karatA hatA. evI kriyA jApAnanA samAjamAM sAmAnya banI gaI hatI. je kaMI samurAIne athavA UMcA darajajAnA mANasane sarakAra taraphathI dehAMta daMDanI zikSA thatI to te aparAdhI potAnI jAte ja potAnuM peTa cIrIne maraNa pAmate. jo keI sAmurAI yuddhamAM hAra pAmate ke zaraNa svIkArato to paNa te hArAkArInI kriyAthI AtmaghAta karato. 1895nI sAlamAM jApAnanI hAranI zaramamAM cAlIsa lazkarI amaladAroe hArAkArInI kriyA karI hatI. 1905nA raziyA sAthenA yuddhamAM jApAnanA keTalAye lazkarI amaladAroe ane sainikAe kedI banavA karatAM hArAkArInI kriyAthI maraNa svIkAryuM hatuM. jApAnI juvAnanA zikSaNanI AsapAsa abhyAsakramamAM peTa cIrIne maraNa pAmavAnI e kriyA prathama sthAna bhogavatI hatI. jApAnI rajavADAzAhInA jamAnAmAM e rIte sIpAIne mRtyuthI nahi, DaravAnI tAlIma maLatI hatI, tathA e rajavADAzAhI samAjaracanAmAM jApAnI sarakAra polIsanI saMkhyA ghaNI ochI rAkhatI hatI.

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341 tathA khUna sATe khUna karavAnI vairavRttine te samayana jApAnI kAyado chUTa Apato hato. itihAsamAM ajoDa evI jApAnanI samurAI vIrakathAo jApAnI itihAsamAM AlekhAI che. AyavAsunI sarakAra jyAre sattA para hatI te samaye 24 ane 17 varSanI uMmaranA evA sIna ane nIkI nAmanA be bhAIoe AyavAsanuM khUna karavAno prayatna karyo hato. tema karatAM e banne bhAIo pakaDAI gayA. ane baMnene tathA e benA eka ATha varSanI uMmaranA hAsakhaze nAmanA trIjA bhAIne paNa dehAMta daMDanI zikSA karI. banne bhAIoe svamAnathI bharavA mATe potAnI jAte hArAkArInI kriyA karI potAnuM peTa cIrIne AMtaraDAM bahAra kADhI nAkhI maraNa pAmavAnI paravAnagI mAgI. AyavAsue e baMnne vIra bhAIone evI paravAnagI ApI, traNe bhAIo maraNa pAmavA mATe eka hAramAM beThA hatA. tyAre sauthI meTA sIkone sauthI nAnA hAsakhaze tene kahyuM ke sauthI pahelAM tuM maraNa pAma kAraNake tane tArI jAte peTa cIrIne svamAnathI maratAM AvaDe che ke kema te huM jevA mAguM chuM. ATha varSanA nAnA hAsakhaze javAba Apyo ke meM kadI hArAkArInI kriyA nahi joI hevAthI te kema karavI tenI mane khabara nathI. tame pahelAM te karI batAvo eTale huM te pramANe karIza. maraNathI saheja paNa DagyA sivAya pitAnA ATha varSanA nAnA bhAInI vANuM sAMbhaLatAM sIkone tathA nIkI baMne AMsuthI UbharAtI Akhe hasyA ane bannee nAnA bhAIne potAnI vacce besADayo pachI sIkone potAnA peTamAM DAbI bAjuthI khaMjara bhoMkI dIdhuM ane nAnA bhAIne te zIkhavato bAlyo je dhyAna rAkha khaMjara UMDu kIza te tarataja paDI javAze pachI nIkIe paNa teja pramANe pitAnA peTane cIratAM ATha varSanA nAnAbhAIne samajaNa ApI ke tuM tAruM khaMjara tArA peTamAM be ke tyAre Akho ughADI rAkhaje

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342 niha te maratAM maratAM maraNa pAmatI strI jevA lAgIza. tAruM khaMjara peTamAM peThA pachI aTakI na jAya paNa ArapAra nIkaLI jAya tenI paNa kALajI rAkho. ATha varSane hAsakhaze ane bhAI tarapha joI rahyo. ene e kriyA AvaDI gaI hatI. zAMtithI eNe peAtAnuM khaMjara UpADayuM ane anne bhAInI vacamAM marele paDayA. jApAnI lekajIvananA semura!i nAmanA kSatriya vargonI e vAta thai. paNa jApAnanA rajavADAzAhI samAjamAM jApAnane samAja ATha sI athavA jAtiemAM vahecAyele| hatA. tyAra pachI e aDe jJAtiene badale cAra jJAtieja rahI. eka semurAI, khIjI kArIgarAnI jJAti, trIjA kheDUtA ane cothA vahepArIe. A cAra jJAtie uparAMta AkhI vastInA pAMca TakA jeTalA gulAmA hatA. e gulAmethI nIcI evI eka jJAti hatI je chaTA kahevAtI hatI. hiMdamAM je pahelAM caMDALAnA nAmathI eLakhAtAM hatAM tathA Aje hirajane kahevAya che evA e jJAtinA leAkeA hatA. A badhI jJAtiemAM sattAvAna evA jamInanA mAlikA athavA jamInadAro hatA. A uparAMta thADI gheADI jamInanA mAlika evA kheDUte paNa hatA. dareka kheDUtane eka varasamAM trIsa divasanI sarakArI veTha karavI paDatI hatI. e veTha karatI veLA jo kAipaNa kheDUta eka paLavAranu paNa ALasa khatAve tene tene bhAle marI mArI nAkhavAmAM AvatA hatA. dha jApAnIsa leAkA hiMduonA jevA dhadhelA nathI. jApAnamAM cInamAMthI buddha dharma AvyA ane nirAzA lAvyA. eNe zarUAtamAM mANasAne maraNa pAmavA-nirvANa pAmavA kheralAvyA. jApAnanA lokasamAja kAIpaNa jAtanA nirvANu mATe taiyAra nahatA. eTale jApAnamAM AvelA buddha dharmanI mahAyAna zAkhA leAkeAnI jarUriyAtA jANIne AgaLa AvI. pachI teA jApAnanuM AkAza devadevIe ane edhi

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343 sattvAthI UbharAI gayuM. jApAnanI dhasaMsthAmAM AnaMdadAyaka vidhi vidhAna ane utsave UbharAI gayAM. jApAnanA dhArmikA mATe maraNu pachI meAja mANavAnuM svarga paNa baMdhAI gayuM. e badhAM khyAlemAM devadevIo ane edhisattvanA taragA sAthe sAthe svaganA khyAle pazu zarU thayA tathA narkanI bhAvanA paNa vikAsa pAmI, zarUAtanA bauddha bhikSue vidvAnA ane mAyALu hatA. ane temaNe jApAnanI kaLA ane vidvatAne vikAsa karyo. ghaNAka te meTA citrakAra ane zilpIe hatA. gheADAka Aya sAdhuee meATA meTA graMthAnA bhASAMtara karyAM. paNa pachInA sAdhue ALasa, lebhI, ane rAjakhaTapaTI banavA lAgyA, e leAkAe sIdhI rIte lazkarI saramukhatyArI ane zrImaMtAI ne sAtha ApyA ane garIkhene paraleAkanA mIThA svapnAmAM saDavA dIdhA. TAkugAvA zatruneTanA samayamAM buddha sAdhue gaLA sudhI dArU pItA hatA, rakhAte rAkhatA hatA tathA rAjakhaTapaTamAM chUTathI bhAga letA hatA. aDhAramA saikAmAM buddha dhame jApAnIsa prajA parane pAtAne kAbu gumAvye). zagune ( lazkarI saramukhatyArA) kayuzIyasa tathA sInTA tarapha vaLyA tathA vidvAnee dharmanI kAraNu TIkA karavA mAMDI. bIjI 'skRtionI jema dharmathI zarU thayela jApAnI saMskRti paNa cInamAM pariNAma pAmavA lAgI. pachI dhIme dhIme jApAnamAM vicAra ane vidvatA vadhavA mAMDI. iTAjIzI nAmanA eka vidvAne jApAnanA jIvAneAne zikSaNa ApavAnI zALA khelI. jIzI dhaNA garIba hatA ane jApAnanA jIvAtene vicara karatAM karatA hate. enI garIbAi eTalI teA vadhI paDI ke ene khIna divasanuM khAvAnuM paNu rahyuM nahatuM. e rIte chIe cAlIsa varSo sudhI bhASA ApI traNa hajAra vidyAthIone ciMtana Ikhavyu

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344 ciMtana dharmanI jema ci'tana paNa jApAnamAM camaka AvyuM. seALamA saikAnA madhyakALamAM phugrIvALA sIgmA nAmanA eka jApAnIsa sAdhu peAtAne maLatA jJAnathI sASa mAnI ane cInanA mahAna ciMtakonA khyAlathI AkarSAI te cInamAM javAne vicAra karavA lAgyA. paNa te samayanI jApAnIsa sarakAre cIna sAthe kAipaNa saMbaMdhamAM UtaravAne manAI hukama karatI hatI. paraMtu pelA juvAna sAdhue chupIrIte cInamAM paheAMcI javAnu kAvatruM karyuM. paNa saphaLa thayA nahi. paraMtu eNe cInanA eka ciMtananuM pustaka meLavI lIdhuM ane tene abhyAsa karyAM. teNe pe:tAnI AsapAsa vidyArthIe ekaThA karavA mAMDayA. jApAnanI sarakA sIgnA sAme pagalAM le te pahelAMja e ekAeka maraNa pAmyuM! pachI enA vidyAthI emAMthI eka rAjhana nAmane ciMtaka thayeA. eNe khristIdharma ane budha arnonI TIkA karavA mAMDI ane kahyuM ke e banne dharmAM jApAnIsa prajAne pAmara banAvaze. eNe e baMne dharmAMnI namratA ane vyaktisvAtaMtrya para dhA karyAM thA lazkaravAdane gamI jAya evA zabdo ucAryAM. eNe kahyuM meM ghaNA abhyAsa karyAM che ane mane mAlama paDayu che ke manuSyane mATe peAtAnA mAlika taraphanI vadhAdArI sivAya bIjo eka mArga che nahi. lazkarI saramukhatyArIne sAthIdAra evA e ciMtaka TekathrAmAM 1657nI sAlamAM eka gharamAM bharAIne beThA hatA tyAre e darane Aga lAgI enA vidyArthI e e ene gharamAMthI bhAgI javAnu kahyuM paNa e eka pustaka vAMcatA hateA ane vAMcavAmAM khalela paheAMce te mATe peAtAnI AsapAsa saLagatA agnine bhALatA chatAM 5 khA nahi. paNa enA vidyArthI oe ene baLajabarIthI `cakIne bahAra ANye. tyAra pachI trIje divase enuM mara! thayuM. pachI eka yuseA nAmane ciMtaka thaye jeNe gatamAM

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345 cAritra vikasAvavAnA upadeza ApyA. tyAra pachI eka Ina nAmane ciMtaka pAka. enA jamAnAne e sauthI meTo vidvAna hato. eNe se karatAM vadhAre pustaka lakhyAM. ikena nuM ciMtana cAritryanuM hatuM. e kaheto hato ke mUrakha mANaso sukha meLavavA bhagavAnanI prArthanA karatA hoya che. enI daSTie anubhavane DahApaNamAM saMjavuM ne tevI IcchAnuM cAritramAM saMkalana karavuM teja ciMtananuM dhyeya hovuM joIe e pachI I. sa. 16 07 mAM nAkAItoju nAmane eka AdarzavAdI ciMtaka thayo eNe kahyuM ke duniyA be tarAnuM aikaya che. nAkAI pote eka sAdhupuruSa hato paNa ene ciMtana leka yA sarakAra keIne khuza karyA nahi. eNe zIkhavyuM hatuM ke mANasa ja pitAnI jAtane cUkAdo ApI zake tema che tathA sAruM ane huM e manuSya pote nakkI karelI ane badalI zakAya tevI bhAvanA che. enA AvA upadezathI te samayanI lazkarI saramukhatyArI camakI UThI. pachI eka bIjA bejhIka nAmanA vIcArake ciMtanamAMthI rAjakAraNamAM AvI samurAI lekanI TIkA karavA mAMDI. e TIkAnA javAbamAM sarakAre enI giraphatArI karavA mATe hukama karyo. te bejhana parvatemAM nA tathA ghaNA varaso sudhI cupa rahyo. kheDUta pAsethI sarakAra ghaNI jAtanA karaverA letI hatI. pitAnI jAtamahenatathI kheDUta je kAMI upajAvatA hatA temAMthI cha TakA jeTalo bhAga sAtamA saikAnA samayamAM sarakAra kara tarIke letI hatI. pachI bAramA saikAmAM e kara tera TakA jeTalo vadhI gaye ane ogaNIsamA saikAmAM cAlIsa TakA jeTalo hato. evA e kheDUta pAse jamIna kheDavAnA sAdhano khUba sAdAM ane prAthamika hatAM. kheDUtanuM ghara aradhA aThavADiyAmAM bAMdhI zakAya tevuM jhUMpaDuM hatuM. kheDUtanAM kapaDAM ziyALAnI kaDakaDatI TADhamAM paNa nahi jevAM hatAM. enA rAcaracIlAmAM cokhA rAMdhavAnuM eka vAsaNa mAtra

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346 hatuM tathA thoDAka vATakAo hatA. evuM kaMgALa jApAnanA kheDUtanuM jIvana paNa dharatIkaMpanA AMcakAthI, kudaratI saMkaTathI tathA sarakArI julamathI hacamacI uThatuM hatuM tathA enuM pitAnuM zarIra satata cAlatA duSkALamAM khakhaDI UDatuM hatuM. cInamAM hatI te badhI kaLAo ane udyoge dhIme dhIme jApAnamAM AvatA hatA. jema Aje jApAna uogavAdamAM pazcimanI harIphAI karavA UtarI paDyuM che tema TophugAvA zaguneTanA samayamAM jApAnanA hastaudyoga cIna ane keriyAnA hastaudyogonI harIphAI karatA hatA. kuTuMbajIvana pUrvanA dezomAM vyakti karatAM kuTuMbanI mahattA vadhAre hatI. jApAnI samAja vyavasthAmAM paNa kuTuMbavyavasthA sakhta ane zistavALI hatI. e vyavasthAmAM svAtaMtryane khyAla vyaktinA nAmamAM nahi paNa kuTuMbanA nAmamAM thatuM hatuM kAraNake samAjaracanAmAM vyakti nahI paNa kuTuMba Arthika kendra hatuM. kuTuMbanA mAlika bApanI sattA julamI hatI. paraMtu e julmI sattAnI AsapAsa lokarUDhie svAbhAvikatA, anivAryatA ane kahevAtI bhANasAIne khyAle bharyA hatA. bApa potAnA jamAI ke dIkarAnI strIne gharamAMthI kADhI mUkI zakato ane pitAnA koIpaNa bALakamAM jAtIya azuddhi dekhatAM mArI nAkhI zakatA. kulapati pitA pAse potAnA bALakane gulAmImAM ke vezyAvADamAM vecavAnI sattA hatI. AkhA kuTuMbano e mAlika pitAnA bALakonI mAtAne ekaja zabdathI talAka ApI zakate. garIba loko ekathI vadhAre strIo rAkhI zakatA nahi paraMtu zrImato pitAnI paraNelI strI uparAMta aneka strIone rAkhatA. jApAnamAM jyAre khristI dharmanI asara AvI tyAre teNe jApAnanI kuTuMba saMsthAmAM rakhAtI rakhAto ane vezyAvRtti karavA mATe

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vecAtI chokarIo sAme vAMdho uThAvyo hato ane tethI jApAnanI kuTuMbavyavasthAnI zAMti jokhamAze ema jApAnanA kulapatione lAgyuM, cInanI jema jApAnamAM paNa strInuM sthAna khUba jUnA kALamAM vadhAre samAnatAbharyuM ane ucca hatuM. zarUAtanA samayamAM jApAnanI strI sAmAjika ane sAhityaviSayaka pravRttimAM khUba chUTathI bhAga laI zakatI. lagnasaMsthAmAM ane te strIpuruSa saMbaMdhamAM paNa strIno darajajo puruSa sAthe samAna hato paraMtu rAjAzAhIe racelA lazkaravAdanI saramukhatyArInA kALamAM strIne rasoDAmAM jakaDI rAkhavAnI vAta tathA gulAma banAvavAnuM vahepArI sUtra amalamAM AvyuM. samAjano mAlika puruSa banyo tathA strIne traNa AjJAdhArakatAmAM dhakelI devAmAM AvI. strInI pahelI AjJAdhArakatA pitA taraphanI hatI. bIjI pati taraphanI ane trIjI potAnA dIkarA taraphanI gaNAtI. hiMdanI jema jApAnI strI paNa lazkarI saramukhatyAranA sakaMjA nIce gulAma banyA pachI bhaNavAne nAlAyaka manAI tathA ene mAnasika ane AdhyAtmika vikAsane avarodhI kuTuMbanA mAlIka lokoe ene mAMsano loco banAvI eka taraphathI lagnane dAnamAM devA mAMDI ane bIjI bAju ene eka ke bIjI rIte vezyAvRttimAM dhakelavA mAMDI. lagnamAM devAyelI strI pAse e mAlika lokoe mAlika taraphanI vaphAdArInA nAmamAM zista bhAgyuM ane e zistamAM jarApaNa doSane maraNanI zikSAthI badalo lIdho. jApAnanI kuTuMba dhArAomAM je koIpaNa pati potAnI strIne binavaphAdAra dekhAto to tene mArI nAMkhavAnI sattAvALo hato. hamezAM mAlikalokane vaphAdAra evA kahevAtA ciMtakenA ullekhonI jema te samayano eka ukena nAmano ciMtaka bolato hato ke je koIpaNa paraNelI zrI moTA sAde ke lAMbe vakhata parapuruSa sAthe vAta kare to tenA.

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348 patie tene hAMkI kADhavI joie. paNa jo puruSa evA ane dhAtakI mAlama paDe teA strIe khUba namratAthI ane mAyALupaNAthI tevA peAtAnA patinA hRdhyapalaTA karavAne prayatna karavA joI e. kuTuMbavyavasthAnA AvI lazkarI zista nIce gulAma banelI jApAnI strI du:kha veThavAne vadhAre lAyaka banI, julame sahana karavAne vadhAre udyogI banI, vadhAre vaphAdAra ane AjJAdhAraka thaI. e rIte vikAsa pAmatI viparIta jAtIya nItI eka taraphathI satitvanA nAmamAM atyAcAra gujAratI hatI ane bIjI bAju darrAja vistAra pAmatA vessAvADAmAM vyabhicAra khelatI hatI. strInI pAmaratA vadhe jatI hatI ane hiMdanI strIonI jema satitvanA bhrama khAtara peAtAnI jAtane dhAta karavA sudhI pahoMcI hatI. bIjI bAju svachaMda anate mAlika puruSavaga peAtAnI badhI IcchAete svAbhAvika gaNutA hatA tathA TekiyA jevA meTA nagaramAM jene kuzaLa lattAe! kahevAmAM AvatA hatA evA vezyAvADAmAM paisA kharcI zake tevA TAkriyAnA zrImaMtAnA chekarAne paisA laI ne strIe peAtAnA zarIranA upabhega ApatI hatI, tathA nAcagAna khelatI hatI. evA dhaMdhA karanArI chekarIe jhIzA nAmathI eLakhAtI hatI. ekabAju vadhatI jatI zrImaMtAImAM vilAsa vadhatA jatA hatA tyAre khIjI tarapha khuvAra thayelA kisAnemAM bhUkhamarA vadhate hatA. zrImaMtAinI saramukhatyArI vyaMbacArInA vilAsa khelavA macI paDI hatI tyAre khIjI bAju mAlikAnI julamajahAMgIrIne bhega banatA ane rAjanereAja dhAtakI bhUkhamarAmAM dhakelAtA kheDUta mAmApene bhUkhamarAmAMthI bacavA mATe peAtAnI dIkarIe vecavAnI ja paDatI hatI.

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prakaraNa 4 nUtana jApAna jApAnane buddhimAna varga AturatAthI yuropanA dezanI vahepArI kuneha ane udyogavAdathI vadhatI delatanI vAto sAMbhaLato hato. e arasAmAM 1853nI sAlamAM jApAnamAM evA samAcAra pahoMcyA ke eka amerikana dariyAI kAle jApAnanA niSedhenI avagaNanA karI UrAgAnA amalamAM peThe hate. tathA e kAphalAne amerikana senApati jApAnI sarakAranA vaDAnI mulAkAta mAgato hato ne kahe hatuM ke amerikana sarakAra amerikAnA vahepAra mATe jApAnanA kinArA para thoDAMka baMdare khullAM mUkavA sivAya bIjuM kazuM ja vadhAre mAgatI nathI. e amerikana saradAranuM nAma parI hatuM. ene A mAgaNI karyA pachI amerikAnI lAgavaganA cInanA pradezamAM baLa thavAthI tarataja pAchA pharavuM paDayuM paNa bIje ja varase e vadhAre moTe dariyAI lazkarI kAphala laIne tathA attara, ghaDiyALo ane vahIskInI bheTa laIne jApAnanA kinAre AvI pahoMcyo. jApAnanI sarakAre te samaye emerikA sAthe salAha karI. tathA amerikAnI badhI mAgaNIo kabUla rAkhI. AthI amerikana saradAra perI khuza thaI gayo ane eNe jApAnIsa hokenA vinayane.

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350 vakhANIne kahyuM ke jo jApAnIsa vahepArIe amerikAnA kinArA para Avaze te temane mATe amArA kinArA khulleA haze. jApAne e paNa kabUla karyuM ke yureziyana ane amerikane amArA pradeza para amArA kAyadA teDaze te temane nyAya temanI adAlate cUkavaze. ane jApAna have pachIthI peAtAne tyAM khristI dharma sAmenuM kramAna nAbUda karaze. A badhAnA badalAmAM jApAne amerikA pAsethI thiyArA mAgyAM, laDAyaka jahAjo mAMgyAM ane peAtAnI pAsIIka prajAne yuddhakalAnI tAlIma Ape evA amaladAra mAgyo. jApAnane AtmalaghutA sAlatI hatI. ane jApAnane AtmA yureApanA bIjA dezeA sAthe samAnatA mAgatA hatA. jApAnamAM keTalAka evA leAkA paNa hatA ke jee kAIpaNa jokhame paradezIe sAthe yuddha mAgatA hatA. tathA temAMnA ekeekane jApAnanI bhUmiparathI hAMkI kADhyA mAgatA hatA. paNa bIjAe ree vadhAre vicakSaNa hatA tathA pazcimanuM audyogika parIbaLa samajatA hatA te leke pazcimane! ahiSkAra karavAne badale tenu anukaraNa karavA e leAkeAne samajAI gayuM hatuM ke yurepanA deze! jevI rIte cInane svIkAra kare che. tevI ja rIte jApAnane paNa na jhaDapI jAya te mATe jApAne pazcimanA dezanI jema peAtAne tyAM udyogavAda khIlavavA jAIze tathA yuddhakaLA vikasAvavI paDaze. mAgatA hatA. e khIlavaNI ane vikAsa mATe jApAnanA mAlika vargoe jApAnanI lazkarI saramukhatyArIne aMtarAya rUpa dekhI. I. sa. 1867 mAM amIra umarAve ane zrImaMtAe chellA saramukhatyArane padabhraSTa karyo tathA zahenazAhane sattA para ANI zahenazAhanI sattAne upayeAga lazkarazAhIne nAbUda karavA mATe karyAM. 1868nA jAnyuArInA pahelA divase jApAnamAM pAche! zahenazAhatanA nave! yuga zarU thayuM. zAMnAnA navA dharma punaH uddAra pAmyA ane pharIvAra pAchuM rAjAnI divyatAne leke!mAM pracAra thavA lAgyA.

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35 pachI tarataja jApAne pazcimanA namUnA para pitAne tyAM navInatA zarU karI dIdhI. jApAnanA juvAne yuropanA udyogo ane saMsthAono abhyAsa karavA lAgyA tathA tyAMnA jevI AgagADIonI jALa jApAna para bichAvavA lAgyA. jApAnane AMgaNe meTI maTI sTImare paNa baMdhAvA lAgI. tAra Tapola naMkhAI gayAM tathA laDAyaka jahAjo baMdhAvA lAgyAM. jApAnane rASTravAda yuropanuM anukaraNa karI rahyo. aMgrejone amerikana Ijanere jApAnanA navA bAMdhakAma mATe UtarI AvyA. phreMca amaladAro jApAnanA lazkarane taiyAra karavA lAgyA. jarmana DokaTaro jApAnamAM Arogya ane davA khAnAnI yojanA karavA lAgyA. jApAnamAM nirakSaratAne TALavA mATe TheraThera nizALe yojavAmAM AvI. ITAliyana kalAkAre ane zilpIo jApAnane suMdaratA zikhavI rahyA. jApAnanI junavANIe A navInatA sAme cheDoka uhApoha karyo kharo paraMtu chevaTe pazcimamAMthI AvatA udyogavAdanA yaMtrane jApAnamAM vijaya thaze. jApAnamAM A nUtana sarjanathI eka navIna mAlikavarga janma pAmavA lAgyo. mAlikone e varga vepArIone, zAhukArena ane kArakhAnAnA mAlikeno hato. jApAnamAM navA janmatA A mUDIvAde jApAnamAMthI rajavADAzAhIne nAza karavA mATe pitAnA sAdhanono upayoga karavA mAMDyo. I. sa. 1871 mAM jApAnanI sarakAre jApAnanA jUnA umarA pAsethI temanA junA ilakAbo, jUnA hakko ne jUnI jamIna kheMcI levA mAMDI. e umarA paNa bhAlikavarga sAthe Arthika rIte joDAyelA hatA tathA ThakarAtI samAjaracanAne jALavI rAkhavA mATe laDavAnI taiyArI ke utsAha vALA na hatA. ITo je yuropathI tAjo ja jApAnamAM Avyo hato teNe jarmanInI jema jApAnamAM mAlIkavargonA vibhAga pADavA mAMDavA. A navo mAlIkavarga jApAnamAM thatI audyogika krAMtino mitra hatA.

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352 iToe jApAnanI sarakAra vadhAre paDatI prajAtaMtravAdI na thaI jAya te dhyAnamAM rAkhIne jApAnanuM sarakArI taMtra mAlikavarganI Arthika jarUriyAta pramANe badalavAno niradhAra karyo. eNe 1889mAM navuM rAjabaMdhAraNa ghaDI kADhayuM. e baMdhAraNane mokhare zahenazAha hatuM ane baMdhAraNane sAcA arthamAM e kevaLa nAmano ja hoI baMdhAraNanI kriyAnA eka prANa vinAnA rUpaka jevo hate. IgleMDanI pArlAmenTa jevI rIte DhIMgalA jevA rAjAnuM nAma sAcavI rAkhyuM che te pramANe jApAnanA zahenazAhanuM nAma paNa nAma khAtara ja sarvoparI hatuM. nAma mAtramAM jApAnane zahenazAha jApAnamAM badhA pradezane mAlika hate. jamInane ane dariyAI lazkarane senApati hato. paNa jApAnanA baMdhAraNamAM mekhare beThelA eka zahenazAhane aMgrejI zahenazAhanI jemaja be sabhAovALI eka rAjasabhAne anusaravuM paDatuM hatuM. rAjasabhA be peTA sabhAonI banelI hatI. eka umarAnI sabhA ane bIjI pratinidhionI sabhA. zahenazAha pradhAnenI nimaNuka karo ane pradhAnone javAbadAra lekhAto. rAjasabhAne cUMTanAra sADAcAra lAkha matAdhikArIo hatA ane matAdhikAra zrImatAne ja malyo hato. 1928mAM e matAdhikAranI saMkhyA 1,20,00,000 jeTalI hatI. A navA rAjabaMdhAraNamAM jApAnanI navI racanA zarU thaI gaI hatI. ene 1850 mAM thayeluM apamAna sAlatuM hatuM. yuropanA dezo jema AkhI duniyAne potAnuM bajAra banAvavA mathatA hatA tema jApAnanI mahattvAkAMkSA pUrvanA mAlika banavAnI hatI. duniyAne AzcaryamAM nAkhI de tevA maMDANathI eNe potAnI sattA jamAvavA mAMDI tathA paradezIonI haroLamAM UbhA rahevA mAMDayuM. enI najara cIna para paDI. yuropa cInane AkhuM gaLI javAnA mAratha lAMbA kALathI sevatuM hatuM paNa Aja sudhI temAM saphaLa thayuM nahotuM te jApAne karavAnuM dhAryuM. 1894 mAM eNe enA jUnA zikSaka cIna sAthe

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353 laDAinA sekreA meLavI lIdhe. kAriyA cInanI hakumata nIce hatuM. cIne keAriyAmAM jAgelA khaLave patavavA lazkara me!kahyuM. jApAne krAriyAnA svAtaMtryane sUra kADhIne kAriyAne peAtAne vismaya karI mUkI, cIna sAthe laDAI jAhera karI, duniyA AkhIne heratamAM nAkhI dIdhI. e laDAine aMte jApAne phArmAMsA ane pATa Arane paDAvI lIdhAM. ane, 200,000,000 TesanI laDAInI nukasAnI vasUla karI. peAtAnA gurudeva cIna sAme sAce| nivaDelA jApAnI cele| yurepIya zAhIvAdI luMTArAnI hALamAM ubhA rahyo. phrAnsa ane jarmanInA zAhIvAdAe jApAne jhaDapelA leAhImALa kALIAmAM jhArIsTa raziyAne bhAga mAgyA. peTa AramAMthI khasI javAne jApAna kabUla thayuM paNa tema karavA mATene kho maLe teA ja. cInane cU'thavA kheThelA zAhIvAdI luTArUoe e bhAga tarIke cIna pAsethI, 30,000,000 TesanI nukasAnI vadhAre levI ema TharAvyuM. paNa teAya jApAnane e badale sAkSatA hatA. peTa Ara cheDI devuM ene gamyuM nahetuM, ane tAya raziyA ane tenA mitra pAse ene namavAnI pharaja paDI hatI, e mAthu uMcakavAnI rAha joI rahyuM. e samayathI jApAna peAtAnI zAhIvAdI murAdomAM mATe AvatA raziyA sAme bAtha bhIDavAnI bhayAnaka taiyArI karI rahyuM.. ene khabara hatI ke IMgleMDane raziyA hindusthAnamAM utarI paDe evI dhAka hatI. 1902 mAM jApAne e dariyAnI rANI sAthe salAha karI. emAMthI kAine paNa kAI trIjI sattA sAthe laDAImAM utaravAnuM thAya tA bannee ekabIjAne madada karavI ema yu. 1904 mAM raziyA sAthe jApAnanuM yuddha zarU thayuM. aMgreja ane amerIkana ekarAe jApAnane jhAra sAthe laDavA mATe jaMgI rakame dhIrI, negIe porTa Ara jItI lIdhuM ane peAtAnA

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354 lazkarane mukaDena tarapha hAMkayuM. mukona mukAme vizvayuddha pahelAMnI sauthI bheTI kalleAma zarU thaI. jarmanI ane kAjo raziyAnI madade AvavAnI taiyArI batAvI, paNa presIDenTa rUjhavelTe jaNAvI dIdhuM ke tema thaze te pote jApAnanI madade jaze. jApAnane tenA pitAnA ja pANImAM bhIDavA raziyAe moTA dariyAI kAphalA sAthe kepa opha guDahepanI pradakSiNA karI lAMbI kuca karI. jApAnane vaDe eDamIrala ge hatA. Tagee reDIone pahelIvAra upayoga karyo ane raziyAnI naukA senAnI hIlacAla para cokI rAkho. 1905 nA menI 27 mI tArIkhe e raziyA para tUTI paDyo. eNe eke eka senA nAyakane sAda dIdhuM ke jApAnanI zahenazAhata A yuddhamAM ja vikAsa pAmaze ke vinAza pAmaze. jApAnanA 116 sipAIo marAyA ane pa38 ghavAyA, jyAre raziyAnA 2009 muDadAM dariyA para taratAM hatAM, ane 7000 kedIo pakaDAyA hatA. raziyAnA dariyAI kAphalAmAMthI traNa jahAja jIvatAM pAchAM gayAM. jApAnanA samudramAM thayelI A laDAIe ItihAsane navuM mUlya ApyuM. pUrvamAM patharAtA yarapIya zAhivAdane aTakAvI dIdho, ane eziyAbharamAM krAMtinuM AMdolana jagavyuM. Ajano yuga e AdelanathI taraboLa thayele dekhI zakAya che. eziyAe AMkha ughADI joyuM ke eziyAno ja eka nAnuM sarakho TApuM yurepanI mahAna sattAne harAvI zake che. cIna ane hindane svAtaMtryanAM svapna AvavA mAMDayAM. paNa jApAnane eziyAnA koI paNa dezanI svataMtratAnI paDI na hatI, ane yuropanI jema eziyAmAM caravA nIkaLavuM hatuM. hArelA raziyA pAse jApAne koriyAnI aMdara potAnI patine svIkAra karAvyuM ane pachI 1910 mAM ja eNe khUba prAcIna

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papa ane ucca saskRtivALA kAriyAne jhaDapI lIdhuM. 1912 mAM jyAre jApAnane! zahenazAha mIjI maraNa pAmyA tyAre e jApAnanA bhagavAne pAse khuza khabara lai gayA ke pAte jApAnane :hevAna anelA pazcimanA pAsamAMthI hADavI zakayA hatA tathA pUnA pradezeAmAM jApAnane sarvopari manAvI zakyA hatA.

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vajra svadezI o. ke. nI cAhu WOLD BLEND NEST plane ad BUSEHOLD BLEND LEAF TEA pIvA. .. khuzakhAdAra, svAdiSTa ane tAjagI bharelI cAha mATe phkata "A. ke."nI cAha mAMgA; mIMjI jANItI cAhanA DabbA ane paDIkAe karatAM mAla vadhu sArA Ave che. vaLI mAla na pasada para teA pAche levAnI geraTI ApIe chIe. A. ke."nI cAhanA paDIkAmAM vyAkhI cAhe Ave che jyAre bIjI jAtanA paDIkAmAM 'brokana' cAne TukaDI cAhe, je kIMmatamAM AkhI karatAM ghaNI sastI Detha che, te Ave che. sAla ejanTa, jahAMgIra pradhasa sTezana sAme, AmadAvAda.

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sulabha graMthamALAnuM bIjuM pustaka jIvananI javALAo [bhAga pahelo ] in A pustaka pachI tarata ja bahAra paDaze. : << lekhake AmAM juvAna mANasonA keTalAye praznonI carcA karI che. dareke vAMcavA jevI navalakathA rUpe lakhAyelI A nAnI pustikA jarUra kharIdaze. : * maLavAnuM ThekANuM 1 bhAratI mudraNAlaya, khADiyA, golavADa, amadAvAda, 2 prasthAna kAryAlaya, cAra rastA, amadAvAda.

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gRhalakSmI graMthamALA, gUjarAtabharamAM bahALo phelAvo pAmelI A graMthamALAnI hajAre prate khapI gaI che! jeNe nUtana yuganA yuvaka yuvatIomAM navacetana prakaTAvyuM che jeNe sAmAjika ane rASTriya praznonI nirbhayapaNe chaNAvaTa karI: che. jeNe AvatI kAlanI samAja racanA ane saMskAranuM nirUpaNa karyuM che. jeNe saMyama ane zreSTha mAnavatAnI ucca bhUmikAnuM darzana karAvyuM che. - tenA - suMdara manahara chapAIvALAM dviraMgI pUMThAnAM 4 thI 5 pustakamAM 1200 pAnAnuM ziSTa ane saMskArI vAMcana rUA. ) nA nahi jevA lavAjame tamane ghara beThAM pahoMcatA kare che. enA anerA prakAzane taraMga -10 AzA 1-0 dattA 1-12. jalinI 0-8 prItamanI prayAsa 10 anurAdhA 1-4 rAsanalinI 1-0 AnaMdabatrIsI 1-4 digaMta 1-4 phAIbA-kAkI 1-4 rAsarajanA 1- gI koNa? 1-0, kavivara TAgora 0-12 AjakAla 1-0 umA 1-4 jIvaMtajavAlA 0-8 ekAkI 1-0 zobhA 2-8 maMdAramAlA 0-12 valkala 0-12 nirmaLA 1-4 pAkuM pU rUA. 5-0-0 grAhaka thavA Ajeja lakheH navacetana sAhitya maMdira ra45 bhadra, amadAvAda.

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1 suMdara saphAIdAra sastu chApakAma 8 A. 2 vakhatasara meLavavuM hoya te maLo: bhAratI mudraNAlaya, khADiyA, golavADa amadAvAda,