Adhyatma ke Pariparshwa me

Author(s): Nizamuddin
Publisher: Jain Vishva Bharati
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/003145/1

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DaoN0 nijAmauddIna

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bhAratIya vidyA ke mUlatatva haiM ahiMsA, anuzAsana, saMyama, viny| inake pallavana se adhyAtma kA mArga prazasta hotA hai| vinaya aura anuzAsana se sAmpradAyika sahiSNutA ke bhAva bhI saMpuSTa hote haiM, jinase lokatAMtrika mUlyoM ko pratiSThA prApta hotI hai| ahiMsA-bhAva sakala prANiyoM ke lie kalyANakArI hai--'savvayabhUya khemNkrii'| mAnavIya mUlyoM ko saMrakSaNa tabhI prApta hogA jaba hamArA jIvana ahiMsAmaya, saMyamamaya ho| AdhyAtmika vibhA bhI yahIM se phuuttegii| Aja vaijJAnika saMpadA aura upalabdhi ke sAtha jIvana meM AdhyAtmika mUlyoM ke samunnayana kI apekSA hai| yadi vijJAna aura adhyAtma kA samanvaya ho, to ahiMsaka samAja kI saMracanA kI jA sakatI hai, hiMsA, dveSa, ahaMkAra, vaira bhare vAtAvaraNa ko sAmpradAyika sauhArda meM parivartita kiyA jA sakatA hai| ...

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adhyAtma ke paripArva meM DaoN0 nijAmauddIna

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@ jaina vizva bhAratI lADanUM-341306 prathama saMskaraNa : agasta; 1663 mUlya : pacAsa rupaye prakAzaka : jaina vizva bhAratI, lADanUM, nAgaura (rAja.)/ mudraka : mitra pariSad kalakattA ke Arthika saujanya se sthApita jaina vizva bhAratI presa, lADanUM-341 306 / ADHYATMA KE PARIPARSHVA MAIN Dr. Nizamuddin Rs. 50.00

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AzIrvacana vyakti sAmAjika paramparA se pratibaddha hokara bhI apanI vaiyaktika nidhi ko apratibaddha rakhatA hai, cintana kI svataMtratA ko akSuNNa banAe rakhatA hai / DaoN0 nijAmauddIna janmanA islAma ke anuyAyI haiM kiMtu karmaNA unhoMne apanA citana kSetra vyApaka banAyA hai, vicAra saSTi ko nae AyAma die haiM / apane sampradAya kI svIkRti kA artha dUsaroM ke dvArA dRSTa satyoM kI asvIkRti nahIM honA cAhie, yaha Aja ke vaijJAnika yuga kI apekSA hai / anekAMta ne isa apekSA ko sadA prastuta kiyA hai / apane satyAMza ko dekhane ke sAtha-sAtha hama dUsaroM ke satyAMzoM ko dekhane kI kSamatA vikasita kara sakeM tabhI sAmAjika sAmaMjasya kI sthiti kA nirmANa ho sakatA hai| anekAMta kA yaha dRSTikoNa Aja vyApaka banatA jA rahA hai, udAra citana ke logoM kA eka vizAla parivAra bana rahA hai| DaoN0 nijAmauddIna ne islAma aura jaina dharma ke siddhAMtoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana prastuta kiyA hai, phalata: pustaka kI upayogitA bar3ha gaI hai| 'mahAvIra aura kabIra kI zAkAhArI dRSTi', 'mahAvIra aura mohammada', 'ramajAna : jaina darzana ke Aloka meM,' 'namAja : AsthA aura dhyAna,' 'islAma kI rozanI meM aNuvrata Andolana'----ye zIrSaka pAThaka ko sahaja hI AkarSita kara lete haiM / vizuddha dRSTikoNa aura vizuddha bhAvanA se kiyA huA lekhaka kA prayatna apane Apa meM saphala hai| vizvAsa hai ki pAThaka isa saphalatA kA sahIsahI mUlyAMkana kregaa| isa udAra dRSTikoNa aura vyApaka cintana kI bhUmikA para ArohaNa ke lie DaoN0 nijAmauddIna ko sAdhuvAda denA koI atiyoga nahIM 11 julAI 93 nAhara bhavana rAjaladesara AcArya tulaso

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svakathya syAdvAdo vidyate yatra pakSapAto na vidyate / ahiMsAyAH pradhAnatvaM jainadharmaH sa ucyate / / jahAM matAgraha nahIM hotA, vahAM pakSapAta aura bhedabhAva bhI nahIM hotaa| yahI ahiMsaka dRSTi hai| yahI saMyama hai, saMyama jIvana hai-"saMyamaH khalu jIvanam" / ahiMsA, saMyama, tapa--- ye dharma ke lakSaNa haiM / ahiMsA kA artha hai rAgadveSa mukta honaa| ise hama dharma kI bhAdhyAtmika bhUmi kaha sakate haiN| aNuvratoM kA anupAlana karanA pratyeka vyakti kA kartavya hai, yaha dharma kA naitika svarUpa hai| rAga-dveSa mukta honA dharma kA Atmika , AdhyAtmika rUpa hai| ati bhautika aura praudyogika vikAsa ke kAraNa naitikatA tathA AdhyAtmikatA ke srota sUkhate jA rahe haiM, pariNAmataH vyakti digbhramita hai / hiMsA, vaira, dveSa, ahaMkAra, svArtha, krodha, parigraha ke timirAvaraNa ko vidIrNa kie binA use trANa nhiiN| zAMti usake lie mRgamarIcikA banI huI hai| 'adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM' aise nibaMdhoM kA saMkalana hai, jisakA pratipAdya jainadharma-darzana hai, svastha samAja kI saMracanA hai; naitikatA, vijJAna aura adhyAtma kI triveNI pravAhita karanA hai / Aja deza sAmpradAyika abhiniveza, AtaMkavAda, alagAvavAda, jAtivAda, paryAvaraNapradUSaNa se AkrAMta hai| ina nibandhoM kI mUla cetanA hai mAnavIya sambandhoM kA pariSkaraNa aura jIvana-mUlyoM kI pristhaapnaa| Aja saMvegoM ke santulana (Balance of emosrons) kI parama AvazyakatA hai / bar3hate vaicArika pradUSaNa ko rokanA bhI jarUrI hai jisake lie anekAMtavAdI dRSTi zreyaskara hai| bhArata dharmaparAyaNa deza hai, yaha anekAneka dharmoM-sampradAyoM, matoM-vizvAsoM kA sundara nIr3a hai| etAvata, tulanAtmaka dharma (Comparative Relegion) hamAre adhyayana-manana kA kSetra ho, tabhI sahiSNutA tathA audArya ke bhAvoM kA prAdurbhAva ho sakatA hai jisase hamArI rASTrIya bhAvanAtmaka ekatA sudRr3ha ho skegii| udAracetA saMta, aNuvrata anuzAstA AcAryazrI tulasI jI sadaiva mere lie preraNA-srota rahe haiN| unake bhavya, tejasvI, cumbakIya vyaktitva ne mujhe atyadhika AkRSTa evaM prabhAvita kiyA hai| ve ahiMsaka samAja kI saMracanA meM aharniza lIna deza kI pIr3A-vedanA ko samagratA ke sAtha anubhava karane vAle rASTra saMta haiM / jaina vizva bhAratI, lADanUM (DImDa yUnivarsiTI) unake svapnoM

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chaha kA mUrtarUpa hai / jaina vizvabhAratI kA kaNa-kaNa, pAdapa-pallava AcArya zrI ke padaraja se pAvana ho rahA hai " camana meM bikharI huI hai dAstA~ merI " unakA yaha apratima yogadAna sarasaiyada ahamada khAM, paM0 madana mohana mAlavIya aura ravIndranAtha Taigora ke samAna stutya va smaraNIya rahegA | AcArya zrI tulasI jI kI preraNA tathA zubhAzISa kA yaha phala hai ki "adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM" Apake sAmane hai / yuvAcArya mahAprajJajI uccakoTi ke manISI haiM, bahubhASAvida haiM, bahujJa haiM / unakA prakANDa pAMDitya unheM abU sonA, svAmI vivekAnanda aura DaoN0 rAdhAkRSNan ke samAna stara para pratiSThita karatA hai / yuvAcArya mahAprajJa jI ne pustaka kA avalokana kara ise prakAzana ke lie pasaMda kiyA aura isakA nAmakaraNa bhI unhoMne hI kiyA hai / ati vyastatA ke bAvajUda AdaraNIya DaoN0 vidyAnivAsa mizra aura DaoN. vijayendra snAtaka ne 'do zabda' aura 'bhUmikA' likhakara merA utsAhavardhana kiyA hai, etadartha unakA AbhArI hUM / zrI kanhaiyAlAla phUlaphagara (kalakattA) mere lie sadaiva AtmIya rahe haiM / unhoMne pustaka ke prakAzana meM vizeSa ruci lI / jaina vizvabhAratI, lADanUM ke adhyakSa zrI zrIcanda baiMgAnI tathA maMtrI zrI bhUmaramala baiMgAnI ke sahayoga se isa pustaka kA prakAzana sambhava ho sakA hai / zrI kuzalarAja samadar3iyA ( upamaMtrI) evaM zrI lalita garga kA sahayoga bhI smaraNIya hai / maiM ina sabake prati kRtajJatA vyakta karatA hUM / AzA hai - dharma-darzana meM ruci rakhane vAle sudhI pAThaka isa pustaka se lAbhAMvita hoMge / gaMgAdazaharA 30 maI, 1993 DaoN0 nijAmauddIna (pUrva) hindI vibhAgAdhyakSa, islAmiyA kaoNleja, zrInagara (kazmIra)

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bhUmikA dharma, darzana aura adhyAtma jaise gUr3ha gambhIra viSayoM ko lakSya banAkara likhI gaI pustaka 'adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM' eka aisI tattva cintana kI pustaka hai, jisameM dhArmika matavAda se haTakara dharma ke vAstavika svarUpa para prakAza DAlane kA lekhaka ne prayAsa kiyA hai / cintana-manana zIrSaka se lekhaka ne kucha aise viSayoM kA cayana kiyA hai jo sAmAnyataH hamArI STi paridhi meM hote hue bhI daSTi se ojhala bane rahate haiN| aparigraha, ahiMsA, zAkAhAra, paryAvaraNa, vRkSoM kI upAdeyatA Adi viSaya aise haiM jo mAnava jIvana ke sAtha gahare stara para jur3e hai kintu unakA tAtvika rUpa hama samagrataH samajha nahIM pAte / ahiMsA aura aparigraha kI bAta saba karate haiM kiMtu parigraha kI mAyA meM phaMse hue aparigraha ko bhUle rahate haiM / ahiMsA kI carcA to sabhI dezoM meM hotI rahatI hai kiMtu jitanI hiMsA bIsavIM zatI meM huI hai zAyada pahale kabhI na huI hogI / mAnava jAti ke vinAza ke lie taraha-taraha ke aNu-AyudhoM, hiMsaka gaisa viSANuoM kA nirmANa ho rahA hai, pahale kabhI nahIM huA thA / lekhaka ne apane saMkSipta lekhoM meM ina bAtoM ko bar3I sajIva zailI meM prastuta kiyA hai / una cunautiyoM para bhI prakAza DAlA hai jo Aja vaizvika cetanA ko jhakajhora rahA hai| vizva ekatA aura vizva bandhutva kI vAcika carcA to sarvatra saMgoSThiyoM, rASTrasaMgha kI baiThakoM aura pArasparika sauhArda saMvedana ke prasaMgoM meM hotI hai kintu vizva meM zatrutA aura vaimanasya kA jo viSailA vAtAvaraNa phailatA jA rahA hai, use zAMta karane kA kahIM koI sArthaka prayAsa lakSita nahIM hotA / lekhaka ne ina samasyAoM ko kendra meM rakhakara apane vicAra vyakta kiye haiN| dharma-darzana zIrSaka dUsare khaMDa meM jaina dharma viSayaka kucha praznoM ko vicAra ke stara para prastuta kiyA hai| pahalA lekha 'mAnava dharma aura asAmpradAyika dRSTi' eka aise darda ko udghATita karatA hai jo sampradAyoM kI saMkIrNa vicAra dhArA ke kAraNa mAnava ko mAnavatA se kATakara hiMsra pazu ke bIca khar3A kara detA hai| yadi mAnavatA hamArA dharma rahe to sampradAya, paMtha yA mata kI vibhedaka dIvAreM hamAre bIca khar3I hI nahIM hoNgii| lekina hama Aja mAnavatA ko bhulA baiThe haiM phalataH kalaha, phUTa, dveSa aura hiMsA kA bhayAvaha rUpa prakaTa hotA jA rahA hai| isI khaMDa meM lekhaka ne jaina dharma ke katipaya zAzvata siddhAMtoM kI taTastha bhAva se carcA kI hai / lekhaka ne jainadharma ke una siddhAMtoM

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ATha ke viSaya meM sArapUrNa zabdAvalI meM yaha prakaTa karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki jaina dharma kisI saMkIrNa mata-paMtha kI sImA meM bandhA dharma nahIM hai| jaina dharma mAnava ke abhyudaya aura nizreyasa kA mArga prazasta karane vAlA dharma hai| isa khaNDa meM kucha tulanAtmaka vicAra bhI milate haiN| jaina darzana aura gItA, NamokAra maMtra, sAmAyika , ramajAna, namAja Adi lekhoM meM bar3I taTastha cetanA se lekhaka ne ina binduoM para prakAza DAlA hai| pustaka kA tIsarA khaMDa 'vyakti : vicAra' zIrSaka se saMkalita kiyA gayA hai| isa khaMDa meM mahAvIra aura mohammada ke sAmAjika ekatA, aparigraha, ahiMsA, nArI jAti Adi viSayoM para sAmyamUlaka dRSTi se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| yaha ThIka hai ki mahAvIra svAmI aura mohammada sAhaba ke kAla meM bAraha sau varSoM kA antarAla hai / kAla kI dRSTi ko chor3akara jIvana darzana meM jo sAmyamUlaka cetanA hai usI para lekhaka kI dRSTi rahI hai| 'tIrthaMkaroM kI paraMparA aura mahAvIra' zIrSaka kucha aitihAsika sampanna lekha hai / tIrthaMkaroM ke viSaya jaina dharmAvalambiyoM ko to jJAta ho bhI kintu jainetara samAja meM tIrthaMkaroM kI jAnakArI nahIM hai| prAyaH sAdhAraNa janatA mahAvIra svAmI ko hI jaina dharma kA pravartaka-pracAraka samajhate haiM / isa lekha se aisI bhrAMtiyoM kA nirAkaraNa hogaa| 'mahAvIra kI lokatAMtrika dRSTi' bhI eka prAsaMgika lekha hai jo Adhunika yuga ke lokataMtra ke sAtha mahAvIra svAmI ke vaicArika cintana ko jor3ane vAlA hai / mahAvIra kI nArI viSayaka dRSTi para prakAza DAlane vAlA lekha bhI paThanIya hai| isa pustaka ke lekhaka DaoN. nijAmauddIna se maiM vyaktigata rUpa se vigata paccIsa-tIsa varSoM se paricita rahA huuN| unake dhArmika vizvAsa bahuta hI svaccha aura nirdoSa haiM / kisI dharma kI avamAnanA yA kisI kI pakSapAta pUrNa prazaMsA ve nahIM karate / sarva dharma samabhAva kA jaya ghoSa karane vAloM se ve kahIM adhika udAra, sahiSNu, cintaka aura manasvI haiN| unake choTe-choTe lekha bhI unake niSkapaTa bhAvoM ko sAmane lAne meM samartha haiN| maiM isa pustaka kI racanA ko prAsaMgika aura upayogI mAnatA huuN| maiM unheM aise svastha aura sundara lekhana ke lie sAdhuvAda detA huuN| AzA karatA hUM ki unakA puruSArtha isI dizA meM . Age bar3hatA rhegaa| DaoN. vijayendra snAtaka bhUtapUrva adhyakSa dillI vizvavidyAlaya dillI

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do zabda sva. Ananda kumAra svAmI ne jIvanabhara vizvamAna kI AdhyAtmika anubhUtiyoM ke bIca tAlamela baiThAne kI nahIM, dekhane kI koziza kii| vastutaH adhyAtma padArtha kA bhItarI svabhAva hai jaise jala kA svabhAva hai nIce kI ora DhalanA, phailanA, Aga kA svabhAva haiM Upara kI ora jaanaa| nIce jAnA Upara jAnA apane Apa meM kucha mahattva nahIM rkhte| mahattva unakA eka dUsare ke svabhAva kA pUraka hone meM hai / duHkha kI bAta yaha hai ki idhara pravRtti alagAva kI hai, AdhyAtmika anubhava ke stara para bhI alagAva kI hai / yaha sukhada Azcarya hotA hai ki DaoN0 nijAmuddIna ne 'adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM' nAmaka pustaka meM islAmI sAdhanA ko vaiSNava aura jaina sAdhanAoM se jor3ane kI koziza kI hai / jaba vyakti pUrI sRSTi ke kartA se yA pUrI sRSTi ke lie cintA karane vAle ke sAtha jur3atA hai to vaha dAyare meM rahatA huA bhI dAyare se Upara uTha jAtA hai / isI atikramaNa kI bAta pro0 nijAmuddIna ne kI hai aura vaha bar3e paritoSa kA viSaya hai| Aja tulanAtmaka adhyayana kI bahuta bar3I upayogitA hai, kyoMki alagaalaga prasthAna binduoM se manuSya cala kara kisI ayava , aprameya kI ora bar3hatA hai, rAste alaga hai bhI rAste para jisa manoyoga se niSThA se saMyama se calate haiM, vaha calanA lagabhaga eka-sA hotA hai| usI ko samajhAne kI koziza isa grantha meM kI gayI hai| isase nizcaya hI islAma kI buniyAdI bAtoM ko samajhane meM madada milegii| aisI samajha jitanI hogI, utane hI hama eka dUsare ke prati kevala sahiSNu nahIM hoge, hama mana se bahuta udAra bhI hoNge| hameM saba jagaha eka-sI becainI dikhAyI par3egI sRSTi ke rahasya ko samajhane kI, sRSTi ke rahasya ko samajhane kA prayatna AdamI ko Upara uThAtA hai usake dezakAla se / maiM DaoN0 nijAmuddIna kA isa sundara aura sAmayika racanA ke lie sAdhuvAda detA huuN| vidyAnivAsa mizra Ida, 25-3-93

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anukrama llh w sh JAMC r lh m m ` ko c. 0 cintana : manthana 1. anekAMta aura lokataMtra : samAna jIvana dRSTi 2. anekAMtavAda : Adhunika saMdarbha meM 3. aparigraha : vartamAna saMdarbha meM 4. ahiMsA kI bhAvabhUmi 5. ahiMsA kI gaMgA : bhArata kI asmitA 6. mahAvIra aura kabIra kI ahiMsA dRSTi 7. kabIra kI zAkAhArI dRSTi 8. jaina dharma meM paryAvaraNa kI avadhAraNA 9. paryAvaraNa-saMtulana aura saha astitva 10. vRkSa hamAre lie pUjya haiM 11. vizva ekatA 12. anuzAsana : vividha AyAma 0 dharma-darzana 13. mAnava-dharma aura asAmpradAyika dRSTi 14. jaina darzana aura gItA 15. jaina dharma aura bhAvanAtmaka ekatA 16. jaina dharma : eka sampradAyAtIta dharma 17. jaina dharma kI prAsaMgikatA 18. NamokAra' : Atma vikAsa kA darzana 19. sAmAyika : artha aura svarUpa 20. mahAvIra kA dharma : vyAvahArika rUpa 21. ramajAna : jaina darzana ke Aloka meM 22. namAja : AsthA aura dhyAna 0 vyakti: vicAra 23. mahAvIra aura mohammada 24. tIrthaMkaroM kI paraMparA aura mahAvIra 25. ahiMsA kI paraMparA aura mahAvIra 26. bhagavAna mahAvIra aura vizva-zAMti 3 ur xxx 104 114 123 132 138 142

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bAraha 27. mahAvIra kI lokatAMtrika dRSTi 28. nArI - utthAna ke prati mahAvIra kI saMvedanA 29. mahAvIra kI cetanA - jyoti 30. adhyAtmavAdI saMta kI sAmAjika cetanA 31. eka jyotirmaya yugadraSTA 32. AcArya tulasI kI dharmazAsanA : Adhunika saMdarbha meM 33. islAma kI rozanI meM aNuvrata AMdolana 34. Adhunika mAnasikatA aNuvrata aura jIvana-mUlya 3. aNuvrata AMdolana aura vizva - zAMti 36. yuvAcArya mahAprajJa kI zikSA-viSayaka dRSTi 145 150 153 158 162 167 175 184 190 194

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cintana : maMthana

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anekAntavAda aura lokataMtra : samAna jIvanadRSTi 'prajAtaMtra' se adhika upayukta aura sAragarbhita zabda 'lokataMtra' hai, kyoMki 'prajA' zabda jur3e rahane para usase kisI na kisI rUpa meM dAsatva kI gaMdha AtI hai / tantra to hai vahAM, lekina usa taMtra ke jo karNadhAra haiM ve apane Apako adhizAsaka samajha baiThate haiM, unameM aphasarazAhI kI tAmasika tathA rAjasika durbhAvanAeM ghara kara letI haiM, sAtvika vRtti tathA sAtvikAcaraNa kI ora dhyAna kama hI jAtA hai| isake viparIta jaba hama 'lokataMtra' kA prayoga karate haiM - kahane aura karane donoM meM hI, to usase spaSTaH eka avadhAraNA bana jAtI hai ki hama loga logoM ke lie - janasamUha ke lie kucha hita evaM kalyANa karane kI bhAvanA rakhate haiM aura apane svArtha para dhyAna kendrita nahIM rakhate / jahAM svArtha-lipsA rahegI vahAM para kalyANa nahIM hogA / lokataMtra meM svArtha- lipsA kA tirobhAva svataH ho jAtA hai / prajAtaMtra meM dAsatva kI gaMdha hone se zoSaNavRtti surasA kI taraha bar3hane lagatI hai / lokataMtra meM kalyANabhAvanA kA prAcurya use jainadharma ke nimna sUtra se jor3a detA hai, ekAkAra kara detA hai parasparopagraho jIvAnAm ( tatvArtha sUtra, 5 / 21 ) jaise, svAmI dhana AcArya umAsvAti ne isa sUtra kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA ki Apasa meM eka dUsare kI sahAyatA karanA jIvana kA upakAra hai / vagairaha ke dvArA apane sevaka kA upakAra karatA hai aura sevaka hita kI bAta kahakara aura ahita se bacAkara svAmI kA upakAra karatA hai / isI prakAra guru ucita upadeza dekara ziSya kA upakAra karatA hai aura ziSya guru kI anujJAnusAra AcaraNa karake guru kA upakAra karatA hai / upakAra kA prakaraNa hote hue bhI isa sUtra meM jo upagraha' pada diyA hai vaha yaha batalAne ke lie hai ki pahale sUtra meM batalAye gaye sukha-duHkha Adi ( 'sukha-duHkha jIvita-maraNopagrahAzca' - 20 ) bhI jIvakRta upakAra haiM arthAt eka jIva dUsare jIva ko sukha-duHkha bhI detA hai aura jIvana-maraNa meM bhI sahAyaka hotA hai ( pR0 121122) / yahAM 'upagraha' pada adhika sArthaka hai, isase jahAM yaha abhipreta hai ki hama dUsare jIva kI bhalAI kareM, vahAM sAtha hI yaha bhI saMketa milatA hai ki hama dUsare jIva yA prANI ke kArya meM sahAyaka hoM, yahI to upakAra hai aura yaha bhAvanA anekAnta dRSTi se utpanna hotI hai / jainadarzana kA rAjanItika pakSa anekAMta dRSTi meM sannihita hai / ise kahanA cAhie ki yaha lokataMtra

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adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM paddhati kI AdhArazilA hai| mahAvIra cintana kI yaha eka abhinava dena hai / yahAM vyakti kI svataMtratA ko, usake svataMtra astitva ko garimAnvita kiyA jAtA hai, usakI upekSA nahIM, apekSA kI jAtI hai / ise hama ahiMsA aura satya kA nicor3a bhI kaha sakate haiM / hiMsA meM dUsare ke vyaktitva ko, usakI svataMtratA ko avamAnita kiyA jAtA hai, nakArA jAtA hai| mahAvIra ne kahA"pratyeka prANI eka svataMtra AtmA hai|" jaba taka hama vyakti kI svataMtratA ko mAna na deMge, usake astitva ko na svIkAreMge taba taka lokataMtra ko saphala nahIM banA skeNge| mahAvIra kA dharma samagratA aura 'ToTeliTI' kA dharma hai, usakI nIMva sAmaMjasya aura samAnatA para AdhArita hai / Aja saMsAra ke rAjanItika mAnacitra para dRSTi DAlie-cAroM ora Arthika saMkaTa najara AyegA, sAMskRtika vighaTana dekhane ko milegA, jIvana mUlyoM kA hrAsa dikhalAI degA aura sabase bar3hakara cAritrika patana phailA milegaa| niHsaMdeha Aja kA mAnava eka saMtrAsagrasta vAtAvaraNa meM sAMsa le rahA hai, jIvana ke pratyeka ghaTaka meM avizvAsa, ghRNA, vaimanasya, mAnasika tanAva, chala-kapaTa aura azAMti hai| vijJAna aura TeknolaoNjI ne manuSya ko jJAna kI vyApakatA pradAna kI, lekina jJAnabhAra se dabakara vaha becArA bhAva-zUnya hI ho baitthaa| aura aba to sthiti A gaI ki vaha upayogitA kA cazmA car3hAkara hI pratyeka vastu ko dekhatA hai, usa para najara DAlatA hai, yahAM taka ki dharma ko bhI upayogitA kI kasauTI para kasakara kharA-khoTA samajhatA hai / manuSya ko isa jJAna-upayogitA ke kRtrima aMdhakUpa se nikAlane kA kAma anekAMtavAda kara sakatA hai| anekAMtavAda manuSya ke durAgraha ko samUla kATa DAlatA hai aura use virodha-niSedha se Upara uThAkara dharma sahiSNu banAtA hai, aneka sApekSa dharmo, matoM, vicAroM, mAnyatAoM kI svIkRti kI saMbhAvanA paidA karatA hai / anekAntavAda ke viSaya meM kahA'sabasannityAnityAdi sarvayakAntapratikSepalakSaNo'nekAntaH' (jaina nyAya, pR0 326) arthAta anekAntavAda vastu ke anantadharmAtmaka dharmoM kI svIkRti hai| hameM jAnanA cAhie ki pratyeka vastu anekadharmA hai, aneka guNa sampanna hai, usake eka rUpa ko hI satya nahIM samajhanA cAhie usake itara guNa bhI satya ho sakate haiM / anekAntavAda vastu kI sApekSatA para vicAra karatA hai / satya kI abhivyakti nirapekSa nahIM, sApekSa hotI hai, jise 'saptabhaMgI nyAya' dvArA saralatA se hRdayaMgama kiyA jA sakatA hai / (1) vastu kisI apekSA se hai| (2) vaha kisI apekSA se nahIM hai| (3) kisI apekSA se hai bhI aura nahIM bhI hai| (4) vaha kisI apekSA se avaktavya hai /

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anekAntavAda aura lokataMtra : samAna jIvanadRSTi ( 5 ) kisI apekSA se hai aura kisI apekSA se avaktavya hai / (6) kisI apekSA se nahIM hai aura kisI apekSA se avaktavya hai / ( 7 ) kisI apekSA se hai tathA kisI apekSA se nahI hai, kisI apekSA se avaktavya hai / satya usI samaya asatya ho jAtA hai jaba hama usa dRSTikoNa yA apekSA ko apane vicAra se ojhala kara dete haiM jisase ki vaha kahA gayA hai / ataH vastutatva ke samyak vicAra ke lie dRSTikoNoM kI vivakSA apekSita hai / vibhinna dRSTikoNoM para sahiSNutA se vicAra karanA tathA unameM sAmaMjasya sthApita karanA sarvamAnya satya kA anugamana karane ke lie Avazyaka hai / yahI anekAnta kA rAjanItika pahalU hai jise hama lokataMtra ke saMdarbha meM tIna rUpoM meM vyakta kara sakate haiM 1. vaicArika saMgharSa kA nirAkaraNa | 2. vaicArika sahiSNutA / 3. vaicArika samanvaya / vaicArika saMgharSa kA nirAkaraNa lokataMtra meM virodhI pakSoM kA honA bhI svAbhAvika hai aura unakI vaicArika bhinnatA kA honA bhI svAbhAvika hai / yahI virodhI pakSa saMsadIya lokataMtra kI nadI ko sImita taTabaMdhoM meM bahane ke lie vivaza karatA hai, sattAdhArI pakSa ko manamAnA karane se sAvadhAna karatA hai, usake durAgraha kI avamAnanA karatA hai / durAgrahI sarakAra madAMdha hokara DikTeTarAnA rukha apanA letI hai aura phalasvarUpa nyAya-anyAya meM viveka nahIM kara pAtI / lokataMtra meM vaicArika saMgharSoM tathA matabhedoM kA apAkaraNa anivArya hotA hai, tabhI sattAdhArI sarakAra samyak rUpa meM kArya kara sakatI hai / use virodhI pakSa kI dhAraNA meM bhI satya dekhanA cAhie / mahAvIra kA anekAntavAda yaha batAtA hai ki tumhAre virodhiyoM ke pAsa jo bhI satyAMza hai use samajho, pahacAno, grahaNa karo / Rgveda meM pratipAdita hai - "ekaM sad viprAH bahudhA vadanti / ' arthAt satya eka hai, buddhimAn usakA aneka rUpoM meM varNana karate haiM / satya ke aneka rUpa yA aMza sampUrNa satya se pRthak nahIM, usIke to aMgabhUta hai phira ve sabhI satya haiM, svIkArya haiM | anekAMtavAdI vicAra-dRSTi bhI yahI hai / saMsAra meM jo bhI yuddha yA mahAyuddha hue haiM ve sabhI durAgrahAvalambita the aura jaba tRtIya mahAyuddha hogA, vaha durAgraha ke kAraNa hI hogA / lokataMtra isa prakAra ke durAgraha ko svIkAra nahIM karatA, yahAM kisI bhI taraha ke matAgraha ko sthAna nahIM / mahAvIra ne ThIka hI kahA hai

Page #20
adhyAtma ke paripAvaM meM sayaM sayaM pasaMsaMtaM paraM vayaM je u tattha viussanti saMsAre te viussiyA / (sUtrakRtAMga, 1-1.2-23) jo apane mata kI prazaMsA aura dUsaroM ke mata kI nindA karane meM hI apanA pANDitya dikhAte haiM, ve ekAntavAdI saMsAra cakra meM bhaTakate rahate haiN| vaicArika sahiSNutA anekAMta kA dUsarA lokataMtrIya pakSa hai vaicArika sahiSNutA / bhArata ne rAjataMtra se lekara lokataMtra taka pahuMcane meM kaI maMjileM taya kI haiN| yahAM kA lokamata bhI bahuta balavAn aura prabhAvazAlI hai / cAhe koI rAjA kitanA hI pratApI kyoM na ho vaha lokamata kI avahelanA nahIM kara sakatA, yadi kisI ne kI to usakI durdazA nahuSa tathA nRga jaise rAjAoM ke samAna huI / rAmacandrajI jaise lokasaMgrahI ko lokamata ke sAmane jhukanA par3A thA, sItA-parityAga usI kA dRSTAnta hai / lokataMtra meM dUsaroM ke vicAroM, matoM, avadhAraNAoM, rIti-rivAjoM, bhASA-sAhitya Adi ke prati audAryapUrNa dRSTikoNa apanAnA hotA hai| sthAnIya bhASAoM kI mAna-maryAdA bar3hAnI hotI hai| mahAvIra ne apanA upadeza janabhASA arddhamAgadhI meM diyA thA aura lokamAnasa ko pUrNataH prabhAvita kiyA thA / yadi samAja meM nUtana krAnti lAnI hai to janabhASA yA rASTrabhASA dvArA hI saMbhava hai, isI ko hindustAnI kaha sakate haiM, jisameM rASTrapitA mahAtmA gAMdhI ne hameM satya-ahiMsA kA upadeza diyA, eka amogha astra pradAna kiyaa| jaba hama dUsare vyakti yA samAja athavA jAti ke vicAroM, mAnyatAoM kA Adara karate haiM, unake prati sahiSNutApUrNa vyavahAra karate haiM to apane hI deza aura samAja ko zAMtimaya vAtAvaraNa pradAna kara usakI pragati-unnati ke mArga ko prazasta karate haiM / yahAM pArasparika sauhArda aMgar3AI letA hai / hiMsA aura dveSa kA durdaitya thakakara baiTha jAtA hai| Aja hama yadi lokataMtrIya paddhati dvArA samAjavAda lAnA cAhate haiM to vaha bhAratIya jIvana-darzana se hI saMbhava hogA, pAzcAtya jIvana-darzana yA paramparA ke anukaraNa se nhiiN| yahAM taka ki audyogika krAMti bhI bhAratIya paramparA dvArA sambhava ho sakatI hai aura usake sAtha rASTrIya ekatA ko bala mila sakatA hai aura bhAvAtmakatA kI sthApanA bhI zIghra ho sakatI hai| vaicArika samanvaya vaicArika samanvaya ko dUsare mata kA paripUraka kahanA adhika ucita hogA / rAjanItika dharAtala para yadi vaicArika samanvaya huA to lokataMtra kI saphalatA asadigdha hai / vaicArika samanvaya ko hama satyAnveSaNa kI vyApaka

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anekAntavAda aura lokataMtra : samAna jIvanadRSTi dRSTi kaha sakate haiM / kAkA kAlelakara ne anekAntavAda ko jainiyoM kI eka bahuta bar3I dena mAnA hai aura kahA hai-'anekAntavAda ke bala para hama sarvadharma samabhAva kA pracAra kara sakate haiM aura isase bhI mahattva kI bAta yaha hai ki saMgharSa kI jagaha samanvaya aura vividhatA ko bhI sthAna ho. aura samanvaya ke dvArA ekatA kI bhI sthApanA ho|' eka lokataMtra meM aneka dharmoM aura sampradAyoM ke mAnanevAle rahate haiM, una sabhI ko bhAvanAoM kA samAdara karate hue eka samanvita dRSTikoNa apanAne kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, phira pakSapAta kI koI guMjAiza nahIM rahatI / anekAntavAda eka manovaijJAnika aura samanvayavAdI jIvana darzana hai| usakA samanvaya vAdI pakSa lokataMtra kI saphalatA ke lie anivArya hai kyoMki samanvayavAdI dRSTi apanA kara hama virodhI pakSa ko bhI apane sAtha lekara cala sakate haiM / ___ anekAnta vaiyaktikatA aura sAmAjikatA ke bIca eka setu hai, jaba taka donoM kA samanvaya na hogA, sAmAjika jIvana meM sukha-zAnti nahIM A sktii| bhArata meM Aja 2000 jAtiyAM upajAtiyAM rahatI haiM / jaba taka unake madhya ekatA, prema, sauhArda kI bhAvanA nahIM hogI taba taka rASTra unnati nahIM kara sktaa| 19 vIM zatAbdI meM rAjA rAmamohana rAya ne deza meM ekatA kI nayI cetanA ko janma diyA / hamArI saMkucita bhAvanAoM, sAmAjika rUr3hiyoMkurItiyoM kA unmUlana kiyA, sAmpradAyika bhedabhAva ko apArtha siddha karake rASTra ko eka vyApaka dRSTikoNa pradAna kiyA, isI prakAra bIsavIM zatAbdI meM mahAtmA gAMdhI ne sAmpradAyikatA kA anta karane ke lie apane prANoM kI bali de dii| Aja punaH jAtIya evaM sAmpradAyika bhedabhAva sira uThAne lage haiM, jinase lokataMtra ko khatarA utpanna hone lagatA hai, sAmAjika jIvana AkrAnta ho jAtA hai, deza kI pragati meM gatirodha utpanna hotA hai| kyoM nahIM hama bhArata mAtA ko mAtRvat samajhate aura apane ko putra mAnakara usake prati prema kI vaha udAtta bhAvanA vyakta kara pAte jisakA nirdeza atharvaveda meM kiyA gayA hai-mAtAbhUmiH putro'haM pRthivyAH / (atharvaveda, 12-1-12) hama cAhate haiM ki hamArA samAja meM Adara ho, phira dUsare ko aspRzya samajhakara usakA anAdara kyoM karate haiM ? lokataMtra meM sabhI kI unnati pragati kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai, cAhe vaha dalita varga ho yA sarvahArA varga ho / maharSi aravinda ne to yahAM taka kahA thA-'hamArA pahalA aura pavitra kartavya sarvahArA kA utthAna aura jAgaraNa karanA hai|' aravinda kI isa bAta ko sAkArita karane ke lie anekAntavAdI lokataMtra ko sudRr3ha karanA hogA kyoMki usakA AdhAra vaicArika samanvaya hai| hameM apanI AtmA ke dvArA dUsare kI AtmA ko jItanA cAhie, phira kahIM bhI zatru yA vaira-bhAva nahIM raha skegaa|

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anekAMtavAda : Adhunika saMdarbha meM 'aneke antAH dharmAH yasmin sa anekAMtaH' arthAt aneka dharmoM ke kAraNa pratyeka vastu anekAMta rUpa meM vidyamAna hai / eka ho padArtha meM pAyI jAne vAlI vizeSatAeM ( yA dharma ) nAnArUpa hotI haiM; lekina haiM satya aura yathArthaM / padAthoM kI anekavidha vizeSatAoM ke samyak yA tatsambandhI samanvayAtmaka pratipAdana kA siddhAMta anekAMtavAda kahA jAtA hai | cAhe maTIriyala padArtha hoM. cAhe naoNna- maTIriyala padArtha; sabhI jar3a-cetana padArthoM meM ananta guNa, dharma aura zaktiyAM maujUda haiM / padArtha cAhe choTA ho, cAhe bar3A; hai vaha ananta zaktipuMja / kyA sUkSma laghu paramANu ( eTama) ananta zakti - puMja nahIM ? paramANu zakti ke dvArA ajJAta rahasyoM kA - avanI - aMbara ke gupta - gUr3ha rahasyoM kA udghATana kiyA jA rahA hai; cAhe budhagraha ho, cAhe bhUgarbha meM chipe adRzya parivartana hoN| eka eTama se kSaNabhara meM deza - ke- deza vidhvasta kie jA sakate haiM / Aja paramANu-zakti ke dvArA raDAra, bijalIghara Adi kA sahajataH saMcAlana kiyA jA rahA hai | garaja yaha ki sabhI padArtha ananta guNoM se ApUrita haiM aura ina guNoM ko sApekSatA se parakhA jA sakatA hai; vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se unheM hRdayaMgama kiyA jA sakatA hai; jaise bijalI se jahAM Aloka prApta kara timirAvaraNa ko vidIrNa kiyA jAtA hai. vahAM usI bijalI ko karanTa lagane para prANoM se hAtha bhI dhonA par3atA hai / agni se nAnAvidha vyaMjana taiyAra kie jAte haiM, zarad Rtu meM usase uSNatA prApta hotI hai; lekina vahI agni ghara ko jalAkara rAkha bhI kara detI hai / anekAMtavAda ahaM darzana kA nicor3a hai, yaha eka aisI vicAra paddhati hai jo lokAbhimukha hai; tathA satyAvalambita hai / ise mahAvIra kI satya-zodhanapaddhati yA satya - prakAzana-zailI kahA jA sakatA hai| unhoMne anekAMtavAda ke dvArA hI vyaSTiparaka, samaSTiparaka jIvana kI bhautika, vyAvahArika aura AdhyAtmika - sabhI prakAra kI samasyAoM kA samyak aura ahiMsAtmaka samAdhAna prastuta kiyA hai / Aja ke isa bauddhika, tarkapradhAna yuga meM durAgraha satyAnveSaNa ke mArga meM bhArI ar3acana paidA karatA hai / durAgraha kI kuhelikA ko vicchinna kara satyAloka kI prApti anekAMtavAda dvArA hI saMbhava hai / durAgraha ahaMkAragarbhita hone ke kAraNa upekSaNIya evaM agrAhya ho jAtA hai, jabaki anekAMtavAda audArya - garbhita aura sahiSNutA se paripUrNa hone ke kAraNa grAhya hai / anekAMta meM to vastuoM ke, samasyAoM ke aneka aMta ho sakate haiM. eka hI aMta

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anekAntavAda : Adhunika saMdarbha meM yA nidAna nahIM ho sakatA, vaha yahI dhvanita karatA hai| yaha samadaSTi kA parisUcaka hai; usa samadRSTi, yA samanvayAtmaka bhAvanA kA, jo bhAratIya saMskRti kI eka viziSTatA hai| mahAvIra kA anekAMtavAda sabhI prakAra ke antavirodhoM kA ucchedana karane vAlA hai| usameM lokasaMgraha evaM samatAvAdI bhAvanA kA Adhikya hai, ise hama sarvadharmasamabhAva yA dharmanirapekSatA kA sAkArita rUpa kaha sakate haiM / Aja deza meM jaba-taba sAmpradAyikatA, dharmAMdhatA svArthAndhatA se vAtAvaraNa viSAkta ho jAtA hai, rAjanaitika matAgraha evaM svArthalipsA ke kAraNa vizva-vAyumaNDala dvaMdva, saMgharSa, raktapAta se paridUSita kalaMkita aura hotA hai; vaha isI kAraNa ki manuSyoM meM anekAMtavAdI dRSTi' kA lopa ho gayA hai| nahIM to kyA vizva-samasyAoM kA koI sarvasammata samAdhAna nahIM ho sakatA thA? kyoM topoM ko nirvAdha rUpa meM Aga ugalanI par3atI, kyoM sukumAra zizuoM ke nRzaMsa se rakta se bhUmi raMga jAtI, dizAeM lAla hotI ? yadi hameM rASTrIya ekatA ko sudRr3ha banAnA hai, bhAvAtmaka ekatA ko majadUta banAnA hai, sAmAjika, dhArmika aura bhautika dRSTi se samunnata honA hai aura vizva kI tRtIya mahAyuddha kI vibhISikA se rakSA karanA hai, use nAza se bacAnA haiM to zlAkApuruSa mahAvIra ke anekAMtavAda ko aMgIkAra karanA hogaa| unakI isa maulika vaicArika krAMti ko, sUjhabUjha ko svIkAra karanA hogA, isa abhinava sAMskRtika dena ko samajhanA hogA, pallA pasAra kara grahaNa karanA hog|| mahAtmA gAMdhI ne anekAMtavAda ke viSaya meM ThIka hI kahA thA-'merA anubhava hai ki apanI dRSTi se maiM sadA satya hotA hUM, kintu mere ImAnadAra Alocaka taba bhI mujhameM galatI dekhate haiN| pahale maiM apane ko hI sahI aura unheM ajJAnI mAna letA thA, kintu aba maiM mAnatA hUM ki apanI-apanI jagaha hama donoM ThIka haiM, kaI aMdhoM ne hAthI ko alaga-alaga TaTolakara usakA jo varNana kiyA thA, vaha dRSTAMta anekAMtavAda kA sabase acchA udAharaNa hai| isI siddhAMta ne mujhe yaha batalAyA hai ki musalamAna kI jAMca muslima dRSTikoNa se tathA IsAI kI parIkSA IsAI-dRSTikoNa se kI jAnI caahie| pahale maiM mAnatA thA ki mere virodhI ajJAnI haiN| bhAja maiM virodhiyoM kI dRSTi se bhI dekha sakatA hai| merA anekAMtavAda satya aura ahiMsA ina yugala siddhAMtoM kA pariNAma hai|" 'dhammo vatthasahAvo' vastu ke svabhAva ko dharma kahate haiM, pratyeka vastU aneka dharmya hotI haiM, usakI aneka bhUmikAeM hotI haiM / upayogitA kI dRSTi se usameM bheda saMlakSita hote haiM, jabaki astitva kI dRSTi meM usameM sAmya aura aikya hai / vastu kI ekarUpatA kA durAgraha tyAgakara usakI anekarUpatA kA pratipAdana karanA hI anekAMtavAda hai| isa samaya rAta bhI hai aura dina bhI hai| dekhane meM virodhAbhAsa avazya lagatA hai, lekina samajhane para isakI pUrNa

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adhyAtma ke paripAvaM meM satyatA se muMha nahIM mor3A jA sakatA; jaise, landana meM yadi rAta ke do bajakara dasa minaTa hue hoM to bhArata meM prAtaH ke chaha bajakara cAlIsa minaTa hote haiM / dillI se yamunA pUrava meM hai, lekina vahI yamunA gAjiyAbAda se pazcima meM hai| sonA eka padArtha hai; lekina agUThI ke rUpa meM, karNaphUla ke rUpa meM, kaMgana ke rUpa meM, neklesa ke rUpa meM usake kaI AkAra haiN| kaI rUpoM meM usakI upayogitA spaSTa hai / aMdhe vyaktiyoM kA hAthI ke paira, kAna, saMDa, peTa pakar3akara unhIM aMgoM ko hAthI mAnanA bhale hI pUrNa satya na ho, lekina ve haiM sabhI hAthI ke aMga; hAthI se bhinna unakA koI svatantra astitva nahIM hai / phalataH sabhI aMdhe vyakti satyAMza ke sannikaTa haiN| zrImatI indirA gAMdhI bhArata kI pradhAnamaMtrI hI nahIM haiM, vaha eka mAtA bhI hai, eka dAdI bhI haiM aura paM0 neharU kI suyogya beTI bhI haiN| unake ye rUpa bhinna-bhinna hokara bhI satya haiM / ataH hameM cAhie ki pratyeka vastu kA sApekSa rUpa meM avalokana kreN| ThIka hai ki anekAMtavAda kI koI nirapekSa paribhASA sahaja nahIM, yahAM pahuMca kara bhASA jaise mUka ho jAtI hai, zabda jaise paMgu ho jAte haiM / anekAMtavAda ke dvArA mahAvIra ne paraspara virodhI dharmoM, santoM ke madhya eka buddhigamya samanvaya sthApita karane kA zreyaskara prayatna kiyaa| yaha vicAra-darzana AinsTIna ke sApekSavAda ke atyadhika nikaTa hai / anekAMtavAda ko 'syAdvAda' kI zailI meM abhivyaMjita kiyA gayA hai / 'syAt' artha kI dRSTi se sApekSatA kA dyotaka hai / AinsTIna ke satya ke do pakSa haiM (1) sApekSa satya (2) nitya satya / unake matAnusAra sApekSa satya hI buddhigamya hai| mahAvIra kA anekAMtavAda bhI pUrNataH sApekSa satya para AdhArita hai; ataH tarkasaMgata aura sugama hai| anekAMtavAda ko 'syAdvAda' kI zailI meM prastuta kiyA jAtA hai / 'syAt' zabda 'zAyada' kA samAnArthI nahIM hai; 'zAyada' meM to vastu-sthiti kA barAbara anizcaya banA rahatA hai, vastu kI sthiti saMdehAspada banI rahatI hai, jabaki syAdvAda meM vastu kI sthiti kA nizcaya banA rahatA hai| hAM, yaha 'vastu-sthiti-nizcaya sApekSa' hotA hai / isake dvArA hama sApekSatA meM socate haiM pakSapAta meM nahIM 'syAdvAdo vidyate yatra, pakSapAto na vidyate / ahiMsAyAH pradhAnatyaM, jainadharmaH sa ucyate // ' hama jitanA jAnate haiM utanA abhivyakta nahIM kara pAte, kahane para bhI bahuta kucha anakahA raha jAtA hai / basa 'gUMge ke gur3a' jaisI bAta hai; gUMgA vastu ke mAdhurya kA anubhava to karatA hai parantu usakA varNana karane meM asamartha hai| vAstava meM apUrNatA yA adhUrepana ke abhAva ko dUra karane ke lie hI 'syAt'

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anekAntavAda : Adhunika saMdarbha meM 11 zabda prayukta kiyA jAtA hai / yadi eka vyakti ke bhinna-bhinna chaviyoM meM 'sTepa' uThAye jAeM to ye tamAma phoTo bhinna hokara bhI 'syAt yaha ThIka hai', isa prakAra dekhane se rucikara, santoSaprada aura grAhya hoMge / vibhinna apekSAoM, dRSTikoNoM yA manovRttiyoM se jo eka hI tattva ke nAnA darzana phalita hote haiM unhIM ke AdhAra para 'bhaMgavAda' kI sRSTi hotI hai / jina do darzanoM ke viSaya ThIka eka-dUsare se bilkula virodhI jAna par3ate hoM, aise darzanoM kA samanvaya batalAne kI dRSTi se unake viSayabhUta bhAva abhAvAtmaka donoM aMzoM ko lekara una para jo saMbhAvita vAkyabhaMga banAye jAte haiM ve hI saptabhaMga haiM, jinakA AdhAra nayavAda aura dhyeya samanvaya hai / 'bhaMga' kA artha hai bhAga, lahara, prakAra Adi / 'bhaMga' se tAtparya vacana ke usa AdhAra se hai jo vastu kA svarUpa batAtA hai / isase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki kisI bhI padArtha ke viSaya meM jo bAta kahI jA sakatI hai vaha sAta prakAra se kahI jA sakatI hai, yahI saptabhaMgI hai - svacatuSTayAdirataH 'syAdasti syAnnAstyapekSakramAt / tatsyAdasti ca nAsti ceti yugapat sA syAdavaktavyatA // tadvat syAt pRthagasti nAsti yugapat syAdastinA svAhite / vaktavye guNamukhyamAvaniyataH syAt saptamaM govidhiH // ( zrIpura pArzvanAtha stotram 10 ) saptabhaMgI vidhi isa rUpa meM hai : - ( 1 ) syAt asti ( 2 ) syAt nAsti, (3) syAt asti nAsti ( 4 ) syAt avaktavya ( 5 ) syAt astiavaktavya ( 6 ) syAt nAsti avaktavya ( 7 ) syAt asti nAsti - avaktavya | vAstava meM prAcInakAla meM AtmA Adi ke viSaya meM nityatva- anityatva, satva asatva, ekatva - bahutva, vyApakatva - avyApakatva Adi ke AdhAra para paraspara virodhI matoM ko samanvita karane ke lie 'saptabhaMga' kI kalpanA kI gayI / cUMki sAta se adhika vAkyabhaMgiyAM saMbhava nahIM haiM ataH saptabhaMga yAnI sAta kI saMkhyA kA hI nirdhAraNa kiyA gayA / saptabhaMgitva pArasparika mata vaibhinya kA parihAra kara eka sarvagrAhya buddhigamya satyAnugAminI abhivyaktizailI hai / satyAnveSaka ke satya kI khoja isI siddhAMta se hotI hai / durAgrahapUrvaka apanA mata dUsare para thopane se kAma nahIM banegA / prajAtantra ho yA samAjavAda, inakA samucita rUpa prApta karane ke lie hameM anekAMtavAda ke cintana ko avalamba banAnA hogA / jaba hama dUsare ke kathana ko sunate haiM aura use nyAyocita mAnakara svIkRti dete haiM to samajhanA cAhie hama anekAMtavAda ke dharAtala para khar3e haiM / anekAMtavAda meM dharma-nirapekSatA kI bhAvanA bhI vidyamAna hai / jahAM matoM meM, dharmoM meM, vicAroM meM koI Agraha nahIM hotA, koI saMgharSa nahIM hotA, kintu sahiSNutA kA udadhi udvelita hai, vahIM anekAMta

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adhyAtma ke paripAvaM meM vAda hai / hama apane prajAtantra ko, samAjavAdI samAja-racanA ko dharmanirapekSatA kI bhAvanA ko yadi sudRr3ha rUpa denA cAhate haiM, use adhikAdhika loka hitakAriNI banAnA cAhate haiM, to hameM mahAvIra ke anekAMtavAda ke rAste para hI calanA hogaa| alaga-alaga mata matAMtaroM aura durAgrahoM kI dIvAroM ko tor3anA hogA, tabhI hama mahAvIra ke avibhAjya vyaktitva ko samyak rUpa meM dekha sakate haiN| mahAvIra ke pAsa kauna-sA devAlaya yA caitya thA ? Atmadharma ke lie, Atmazodhana ke lie na kisI devAlaya kI jarUrata hai aura na kisI caityAlaya kii| jahAM vicAroM meM, matoM meM Agraha hotA hai, vahAM na kevala saMgharSa janma letA hai varan dveSa, ghRNA, krodha aura hiMsA kA udaya bhI hotA hai| satya kisI eka dharma, jAti yA rASTra kI pUMjI nhiiN| vyakti saMpradAya satya ke nUtana gavAkSoM ko kholakara samAja aura mAnavatA ko gauravanvita kara sakatA hai| anekAMtavAda bhArata jaise dharma nirapekSa rAjya ke lie atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai / isakI prAsaMgikatA se kauna muMha mor3a sakatA hai ? mahAvIra ke isa bauddhika, naitika aura sAmAjika mUlya ko apanAkara hama na kevala apane prajAtantra ko dharmanirapekSatA kI bhAvanA ko majabUta banA sakate haiM, kintu mAnava-kalyANa ke lie saha-astitva evaM vizva-zAMti ke patha ko bhI prazasta banA sakate haiM / saMgharSoM, durAgrahoM, zoSaNoM, tanAvoM, mata-matAMtaroM ke sAgara ko hameM eka sAtha milakara mathanA hogA, tabhI anekAMtavAda kA amRta hAtha laga sakatA hai| vyApaka sahiSNutA se abhimaMDita hone ke kAraNa anekAMtavAda bhAratIya saMskRti kA ujjvala vaiziSTaya hai|

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aparigraha : vartamAna saMdarbha meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne mAnavatA ke uddhAra ke lie pAMca siddhAMtoM yA mahAvratoM kA pratipAdana kiyA-(1) ahiMsA (2) satya (3) asteya (4) brahmacarya (5) aparigraha / yaha mAnA ki unake yuga meM aura hamAre yuga meM lagabhaga DhAI hajAra varSoM kA eka bahuta lambA antarAla hai, parantu yadi hama Aja deza kI sAmAjika yA Arthika paristhitiyoM para dRSTipAta kareM, rASTrIya samasyAoM kA paryavekSaNa kareM aura vizva kI vinAzakagAra para khar3I sthiti kA avalokana kareM to hama apane Apako, samAja, deza aura vizva ko mahAvIra-yugIna paristhitiyoM meM pAte haiN| Aja bhI vaisI hI hiMsA hai, ghRNAdveSa hai, jAtIya bhedabhAva hai, Arthika viSamatA hai, varga-saMgharSa hai, kAmukatA aura vAsanA hai, azAMti aura tanAva hai| manuSya avazya cAMda para kadama rakha cukA hai, parantu use dharatI para calanA nahIM aataa| usakI dharmaparAyaNatA svArtha meM bhasma ho gaI hai / usakI mAnavatA 'sva' ke ghere meM baMdhI rahatI hai| unake caritra kI AbhA dhUmila par3a gaI hai / usake karmoM se dUsaroM kA hita nahIM, ahita hotA hai / vaha samAja meM rahakara samAja se dUra hai| usake hRdaya aura buddhi meM koI tAlamela nahIM, usake kahane aura karane meM koI sAmaMjasya nahIM, vaha burI taraha viSamatA ke jAla meM phaMsatA jA rahA hai, isIlie duHkhI hai, azAMta hai| ___ isa saMsAra meM na jAne kitane prANI haiN| hamAre cAroM ora aneka manuSya haiM, pazu-pakSI haiN| unake prati bhI hamAre kucha kartavya haiM. unheM sAtha lekara yadi hama caleM to kitanA acchA hoM, unheM sAtha lekara yadi hama kAma kareM, khAyeM-pIye, haMse-kheleM to yaha dharatI na jAne kyA bana jAe ! basa hama mAnava bana jAyeM to saMsAra ko badala kara rakha deN| Aja jaba cAroM ora hiMsAtmaka ghaTanAeM dekhate haiM to yakIna nahIM hotA ki hama mahAvIra-gautama ke deza meM rahate haiM / kyA yaha gAMdhI kA deza hai ? mahAvIra ke siddhAMtoM meM aparigraha kA sthAna pAMcavAM hai parantu ise jIvana manuSya samAja ke vikAsa aura unnayana kA hama prathama sopAna maaneNge| isI ke dvArA hama dUsare sopAnoM para jamA-jamA kara paira rakhate hue ahiMsA ke ucca zikhara para pahuMca sakate haiN| ataH ahiMsA kI samupalabdhi ke lie Avazyaka hai ki aparigraha vrata ko dhAraNa kreN| mahAvIra ne arthajanya viSamatA ko, jAtIya yA vargabheda ko miTAne ke lie aparigraha kA sUtra diyA, acauryavrata kI vicAradhArA dii| unhoMne lobha-vRtti ko rokane ke lie asteya vrata kA vidhAna sAmane

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adhyAtma ke paripAvaM meM rakhA aura Adeza diyA-sadgRhastha ko corI kA mAla nahIM kharIdanA cAhie, corI ke mAla ke lobha se kisI kI sahAyatA nahIM karanI cAhie, cora kI bhI sahAyatA nahIM karanI cAhie, nApa-tola meM beImAnI na kareM, rAjya dvArA niSidva (jaise zarAba, taskarI Adi) vyavasAya na kareM aura na hI asalI meM nakalI vastu milAkara use kama mUlya para becakara pApa ke bhAgI baneM / mahAvIra ne spaSTa kahA-asaMvibhAgI na hu tassa mokho arthAt jo asaMvibhAgazIla hai, apanI ajita vastuoM ko dUsaroM meM saMvibhAjita nahIM karatA, use mokSa prApta nahIM ho sakatA / ataH aparigraha hI mokSa-mArga hai / dakSiNa ke mahAn saMta kavi tiruvalluvara ne eka sthAna para kahA hai'dhokhA dekara, dagAbAjI se dhana jamA karanA basa aisA hai jaisA ki miTTI ke kacce ghar3e meM pAnI bhara kara rakhanA / jo dhana niSkalaMka rUpa se prApta kiyA jAtA hai usase dharma aura Ananda kA srota baha nikalatA hai|" mahAvIra ne dhana kamAne ko burA nahIM kahA / dhanAjita kiye binA hamArA kAma nahIM calegA, samAja kA utthAna nahIM hogA, deza kI pragati nahIM hogI, lekina lUTa-khasoTa karanA, khAne-pIne kI vastuoM meM milAvaTa karanA nindanIya hai, samAja, deza aura mAnavatA ke hita meM nahIM hai| mahAvIra kA dharma mAnava-dharma hai isalie una saba vastuoM ke parigraha kA yahAM niSedha hai, jinase mAnavajAti kA ahita ho| manuSya ke lie, gRhasthI ke lie unhoMne 'parigraha parimANa' kI ghoSaNA kI, arthAt sImita mAtrA meM AvazyakatAnusAra vastuoM kA saMgraha karanA manuSya aura samAja ke lie hitakara hai parantu lobhavRtti kI unhoMne nindA kI, kyoMki lobha pApa kA mUla hai, yaha ahiMsA kI jananI hai, asteya kI mAM hai / mahAvIra ne kahA viyANiyA dukkhavivaDDhaNaM dhaNaM, mamattabandhaM ca mahadbhayAvahaM / suhAvahaM dhammadhuraM aNuttaraM, dhArejje nivvANaguNAvahaM mhN| . arthAt dhana ko dukha bar3hAne vAlA, mamatva bandhana kA kAraNa aura mahAbhayAvaha jAnakara usa sukhAvaha, anupama aura mahAn dharmadhurA ko dhAraNa karo. jo nirvANa-guNoM ko vahana kahane vAlI hai| kabIra ke zabdoM meM mahAvIra ke aparigraha kI yaha paribhASA ho sakatI hai| kabIra bhagavAna se prArthanA-yAcanA karate haiM sAI itanA bIjie jAme kuTuma samAya / maiM bhI bhUkhA nA rahaM sAdhu na bhUkhA jaayaa| kyA hama kabhI socate haiM ki hamAre par3osI kitane sukhI-duHkhI haiM ? kyA hama unake abhAvagrasta jIvana meM sahArA bana sakate haiM ? kyA hamArA dhanasaMgraha unakI daridratA kA kAraNa nahIM ? manuSya dhanArjana se mahAna nahIM banatA, tyAga va balidAna se mahAn banatA hai / hameM hamAre dezavAsiyoM ko, dhanArjana

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aparigraha : vartamAna saMdarbha meM 15 meM aMdhe logoM ko socanA cAhie ki yaha bhautikatA hamArA kitanA anartha kara rahI hai / hameM dharma aura adhyAtma ke mArga se vicalita karane vAlI yahI bhautikatA hai, parigrahavRtti hai / hameM pazu-vRtti kI ora le jAne vAlI yahI parigraha vRtti hai / hameM ghora hiMsaka, krUra manuSya banAne vAlI yahI parigraha vRtti hai / kahIM bonasa ke lie sarakArI karmacArI, mila majadUra har3atAla karate haiM to kahIM dinadahAr3e basoM ko lUTA jAtA hai mahilAoM ke AbhUSaNa chIne jAte haiM, karoM kI corI kI jAtI hai, taskarI kI jAtI hai, vastuoM meM milAvaTa kI jAtI hai, anucita tarIke apanAkara athavA ghUMsa lekara dhana ekatrita kiyA jAtA hai / logoM kI tyAgavRtti saMgrahavRtti meM, premabhAvanA ghRNA meM aura mAnavatA dAnavatA meM badala gaI hai / hama Atmika sampadA se khAlI haiM / mahAvIra ne manuSya kI mukti ke lie 'samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH' kA mUlamaMtra diyA / darzana, jJAna aura cAritra kI triveNI pravAhita kara mAnavatA ke lie mokSa kA mArga prazasta kiyA / mukti kA yaha mArga sabhI vyaktiyoM evaM rASTroM ke lie upayogI hai, anukaraNIya hai / ina tIna ratnoM kI prApti ke lie hameM manasAgara kA maMthana karanA hogA, ahiMsA aura aparigraha ke donoM netroM se samAna rUpa meM pratyeka vastu kA punarAviSkaraNa karanA hogA / mahAbhArata meM AyA hai ki vyakti tapa se brAhmaNa banatA hai, jAti nirmUla aura akAraNa hai / jayaghoSa muni ne kahA thA- 'karma se brAhmaNa hotA hai, karma se kSatriya hotA hai, karma se vaizya aura zUdra hotA hai, janma se nahIM / ' yahI bAta hajAroM varSa pUrvaM mahAvIra ne kahI kammuNA baMbhaNo hoi, kammuNA hoi khattio / isso kammuNA hoi, suddo havai kammuNA // uttarAdhyayana, 25/31 bhagavAn mahAvIra ne mAtra bAhya veza dhAraNa karane vAloM para tIkSNa prahAra karate huye kahA thA - kevala sira muMDA lene se koI zramaNa nahIM hotA, 'om' kA japa karane mAtra se koI brAhmaNa nahIM hotA, kevala araNya meM rahane aura kuza kA cIvara pahanane mAtra se koI tApasa nahIM hotA, apitu samabhAva kI sAdhanA karane se zramaNa hotA hai, brahmacarya ke pAlana se brAhmaNa hotA hai, jJAna kI ArAdhanA - manana karane se muni hotA hai, tapa kA AcaraNa karane se tApasa hotA hai na vi muMDieNa samaNo na oMkAreNa baMbhaNo / na muNI raNNavAseNaM kusacIreNa na tAvaso || samayAe samaNo hoi baMbhacereNa baMbhaNo / nANeNa ya muNI hoi taveNa hoi tAvaso || - - uttarAdhyayana, 25 / 26-30

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16 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM apane ko brAhmaNa mAnakara dUsare ko zUdra samajhakara manuSya kA anAdara karanA kitanA ghinaunA aura pApamaya hai ! apanI jAti ko, dharma ko dUsarI jAti yA dharma se zreSThatara samajhanA, dUsaroM ko ghRNA kI dRSTi se dekhanA bhI parigraha hai / ise hama 'jAti kA parigraha' kaheMge, 'dharma kA parigraha' kheNge| jAti aura dharma ke parigraha se kitanA aniSTa ho rahA hai, yaha kisI se chipA nahIM / harijanoM, gar3ariyoM Adi ke gharoM meM Aga lagAI jAtI hai, unheM jIvita Aga meM pheMkA jAtA hai| hindU musalamAnoM ke sAmpradAyika daMge alIgar3ha, mujaphphara nagara, saMbhala, jamazedapura Adi meM jo gatavarSoM meM hue, ve sabhI dharma aura jAti ke AdhAra para hue| usa samaya mAlUma nahIM vaha pAzavika aura rAkSasIvRtti hamAre andara kahAM se A jAtI hai ? hama kyoM bhUla jAte haiM ki hama paigambara mohammada, gautama, mahAvIra, nAnaka ke anuyAyI haiM, jinhoMne ahiMsA, zAnti, prema aura bhAIcAre kA saMdeza sakala vizva ko-saMpUrNa mAnavatA ko diyA / mahAvIra ne apane yuga meM jAtIya evaM varga ekatA para bala diyA, unake 'samavazaraNa' meM vibhinna vargoM, jAtiyoM, dharmoM aura sampradAyoM ke loga eka sAtha baiTha kara pravacana-lAbha prApta karate the / unake yuga meM bhI zUdra aura cANDAla the| unhoMne harikezI jaise cANDAla ko saharSa gale lagAyA / samAja meM dAsa prathA kA ucchedana unhoMne kiyA / candanabAlA ko zramaNa dharma meM dIkSita kara nArI jAti kA sammAna bar3hAyA, use eka parigraha kI vastu nahIM samajhane diyaa| Aja taka hamAre yahAM bandhaka majadUroM kI prathA rahI, nArI ko to Aja bhI parigraha kI vastu, bhoga-vilAsa kI sAmagrI mAnA jAtA hai / mahAvIra ne upadeza diyA thA-"manuSya ke dvArA manuSya ko dAsa banAyA jAnA banda honA cAhie / kitanI barbara aura asabhya bAta hai ki manuSya manuSya ko dAsa banAye ! saMsAra ke sabhI prANI svataMtra haiM, kahIM bhI koI prANI kisI ko dAsa nahIM banA sktaa| yaha dAsatA yA dAsaprathA prANoM kI mUla sattA ke prati cunautI hai aura usake mUla meM vyaktitva kA hanana hai|' umAsvAti ne mUrchA ko parigraha kahA hai ; arthAt vastu ke prati manuSya kA mamatva hI parigraha hai| mamatva meM manuSya kI dRSTi 'sva' para hI kendrita rahatI hai / ataH parigraha meM dRSTi kI saMkIrNatA hai, udAratA nhiiN| hama apane lie hI saba kucha karate haiM, dUsaroM ke lie kucha nahIM kara pAte, eka prakAra se parigrahAMdha hokara hama usa sAMpa ke samAna ho jAte haiM, jo apanI keMculI meM lipaTA aMdhA aura azakta banA rahatA hai| hameM parigraha kI keMculI ko utAranA hogA, apanI dRSTi, vicAra aura jJAna ko samyak banAnA hogA / parigrahAMdha hokara hama AdhyAtmika UrjA prApta nahIM kara sakate, jisake dvArA hama apane vyaktitva kA, AtmA kA vikAsa karate haiN| mahAvIra eka

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aparigraha : vartamAna saMdarbha meM 17 rAjakumAra the, vaizAlI rAjya kA rAstA apanAyA / hamAre yuga meM gAMdhIjI eka sampanna parivAra se Aye the, bairisTara the parantu jaba svataMtratA ke pathika bane to aparigrahavrata dhAraNa kara mahAvIra kI paramparA kA, unake AdarzoM kA anukaraNa kiyA / neharUjI ne samAjavAdI zAsana vyavasthA yA samAjavAdI samAja-vyavasthA ko apanA kara mahAvIra kI hI aparigrahavAdI vicAradhArA ko Age bddh'aayaa| Aja hama mahAvIra ke isa aparigrahavAda ko jIvana meM utAra kara rASTrIya caritra kA vikAsa kara sakate haiM / hamAre deza meM sAdhAraNa manuSya se lekara netA logoM taka meM rASTrIya caritra kA abhAva pAyA jAtA hai aura yaha eka khaTakane vAlI bAta hai | dezotthAna ke lie hameM vyaktigata svArthI ko chor3anA hai, zoSaNa kI kuvRtti ko tyAganA hogA / 'icchAparimANavrata', jisakA upadeza mahAvIra ne diyA thA, vaha hamAre andara kahAM hai ? kyA hamAre samAja meM daheja kI kuprathA parigraha kA udAharaNa nahIM ? kyA isakI bheMTa aneka nava vivAhitA yuvatiyAM nahIM car3hAI jAtIM, unheM miTTI kA tela chir3akara nahIM jalAyA jAtA ? hameM punaH mahAvIra ke upadezoM ko pakar3anA hogA, unakI zaraNa meM jAnA hogA, unheM jIvana meM utAranA hogA / pradhAnamaMtrI zrImatI indirA gAMdhI ne eka bAra kahA thA - 'lagabhaga sabhI lar3AiyAM jamIna, sonA, anna athavA khanija hathiyAne ke lie lar3I gaIM / Aja duniyA ko mAlUma par3a rahA hai ki zAMti ke sAtha-sAtha mAnasika zAnti tabhI A sakatI hai jaba hama svArthaparatA se chUTakArA pAyeM / Atmika vikAsa ke binA hama Arthika vikAsa ke jhagar3oM ko nahIM sulajhA sakate / AdhunikatA aura vijJAna kA matalaba yaha nahIM hotA ki hama prAcIna mUlyoM ko chor3a deM, balki hamArA prayatna to yaha honA cAhie ki vijJAna ke sAtha hama unakA mela biThAeM / ahiMsA aura aparigraha se hI sabhyatA bacAI jA sakatI hai / '

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ahiMsA kI bhAvabhUmi jaba hama ahiMsA kI bAta karate haiM taba yaha bhUla jAte haiM ki isa zabda kA astitva hiMsA ke kAraNa hai / hiMsA na hotI to 'ahiMsA' kI vyutpatti sambhava nahIM thI / dekhane meM to yaha AyA ki sRSTi kA yaha sArA bakher3A hiMsA kA mUla hai / manu dvArA sRSTi kI punarracanA se pUrvaM devajAti kA saMhAra hiMsA para AdhRta thA / kahate haiM- AdikAla meM aneka bAra deva-dAnavoM ke yuddha hote rahe, purANAdi isake sAkSya haiM / yoM deva-dAnava-paramparA to apane parivartita rUpa meM Aja bhI vidyamAna hai--usake rUpa meM, mAtrA meM, kArya-kAraNa meM, vidhividhAnoM meM kAphI antara par3a gayA hai| kurAna ke pavitra pRSThoM se vidita hai ki khudA ne Adama kA putalA banAkara sabhI phariztoM se usake sAmane sijadA kraayaa| sabhI ne khudA ke hukma kI tAmIla kI -- ekadama sijade meM jhuke / magara iblIsa ( zaitAna) ne sijadA nahIM kiyA, aura tarkasaMgata kAraNa prastuta kiyA ki yaha Adama miTTI se banA hai, khAka kA putalA hai jabaki maiM nAra (bhaga) se banA hUM / khudA ke hukma kI tAmIla na karane kI sajA zaitAna ko dI gayI ki khudA ne use apane darabAra se nikAla diyA; lekina usI kSaNa usane praNa kiyA ki jisa Adama ke kAraNa meM itanA apamAnita aura tiraskRta huA, use aura usakI bhAvI pIr3hiyoM ko kabhI caina se nahIM baiThane dUMgA, use hamezA sanmArga se vicalita karatA rahUMgA - pApoM aura gunAhoM meM phaMsAtA rahUMgA / iblIsa ne apane parama zaktimAna astra kA sabase pahale usI Adama para prayoga kiyA aura jannata (svarga) meM allAha dvArA niSiddha phala use khilAyA / phira kyA thA, Adama malA allAha ke prakopa se kaise baca sakatA thA, usane turanta use svarga se pRthvI para paTaka diyA / zaitAna ke mana kI murAda pUrI huI; kintu abhI taka vaha caina se nahIM baiThA / na Adama abhI taka marA, na zaitAna / donoM apane apane rAste agrasara haiM / kaha nahIM sakate - bAjI kisake hAtha meM rhegii| itanI lambI-caur3I bhUmikA se yaha bAta spaSTa hotI hai ki hiMsA aura ahiMsA kI lar3AI jArI hai aura jArI rahegI; kyoMki lakSaNa aura paramparAgata anubhava yahI kahate haiM / yadi 'jIvo jIvasya bhojanam' ke siddhAMta para vicAra kareM, yA aise dArzanikoM-vicArakoM ke mata para dRSTipAta kareM, jo yuddha kI saMbhAvanA ko saMsAra ke lie anivArya mAnate haiM, to hameM hiMsA kA palar3A hI bhArI dikhAyI degA; parantu svayaM jIvana ke yA Adama ke svarUpa para dRSTipAta kareM to ahiMsA kA

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ahiMsA kI bhAvabhUmi kAyala honA par3egA, usakI antanihita zakti ko svIkAranA hogaa| eka sthAna para phArasI ke prasiddha zAyara zekhasAdI pharamAte haiM tarIkata bajuja khidamate khalka nesta / batasbIha ba sajAdaha va dalka nesta / arthAt khudA kA sAmIpya khudA kI banAyI sRSTi-prANiyoM kI sevA ke atirikta aura kucha nahIM / yaha mArga na mAlA pherane se milatA hai, na sajjAdanazIM hone se milatA hai aura na gudar3I-kaMthA pahanane se milatA yA taya hotA hai| yahAM mahattvapUrNa bAta jIvoM ke prati sevA-bhAva hai, prema-bhAva hai / jo Izvara kI banAyI sRSTi se prema nahIM kara sakatA, vaha Izvara se kaise prema karegA? Izvara se prema karane kA sIdhA rAstA sevA-mArga hai, sevA-dharma hai| jaba prema-sevA-bhAva nahIM to 'terA-merA manuvA kaise eka hoya re ?' (kbiir)| spaSTa hai tere-mere mana ko ekatA meM bAMdhane kA kAma sevA-prema ke dhAge hI kara sakate haiM aura ye dhAge kacce sUta ke nahIM hote, pakke-rezamI hote haiM; ataH ahiMsA kI bhAva-bhUmi sevA aura prema ke mArga para calane se prApta hotI hai / yahI prema aura sevA-bhAva hai, jisake badale meM ikabAla 'zAne khudAbandI' bhI lene ko taiyAra nhiiN| kahate haiM makAme bandagI dekara na lUM zAne khudaabNdii|| jaba manuSya meM prema yA sevA ke bhAva utpanna hote haiM to usakA sArA 'ahaM' naSTa ho jAtA hai| ahaMbhAva patana kI, saMgharSa aura hiMsA kI AdhArabhUmi hai / dekhate haiM ki jo para-sevA-nirata rahate haiM, dUsaroM para prema-dRSTi rakhate haiM unakA svabhAva namra se namratara aura bAda meM namratama ho jAtA hai / manuSya khudA ke prema meM DUbA huA hai, rAta-dina usakI sevA meM abhirata rahatA hai / zaitAna usakI isa apAra namratA ko dekhakara AzcaryAnvita ho jAtA hai; kyoMki usakI hiMsA kA jAdU usa para kAragara nahIM hotA / aba kyA kare zaitAna ? khudA se kahatA hai-''e khudA ! maiM to Adama kI saMgati meM rahakara kharAba ho gayA, usane eka dina bhI merA mukAbalA na kiyaa| hara kadama para mere Age astra DAla diye / e khudA ! maiM apanI pUrva-baMdagI kA vAstA detA hUM tU mujhe usakI saMgati se mukta kara de|" yahI nahIM, zaitAna Adama ke sAmane bhI gir3agir3AtA hai-"e Adama (mAnava) ! tU mujhe isa Aga se bhI chuTakArA de, jisase maiM jala rahA hUM-patha-bhraSTa karane kI agni se / zikArI usI samaya taka jAla phailAtA hai, jaba use vizvAsa ho ki zikAra phaMsa sakatA hai| yadi zikAra sAvadhAna ho jAe, manuSya saceta ho jAe, AtmajJAnI bana jAe to koI use apane jAla meM kaise phaMsA sakatA hai ? prema yA maitrI meM jo AkaNTha DUbA ho, usakA koI kyA bigAr3a sakatA hai ?

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adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM amRtatvaM viSaM yAti sadaivAmRtavedanAt / zatrumitratvamAyAti mitrasaMvitti vedanAt / / arthAt sadA amRtarUpa meM cintana karane se viSa bhI amRta bana jAtA hai| mitra-dRSTi se dekhane para zatru bhI mitrarUpa meM badala jAtA hai| mahAvIra svAmI kI ahiMsaka evaM maitrIpUrNa dRSTi caNDakauzika jaise bhayaMkara viSadhara ko parAjita kara detI hai| ahiMsA aura mAnavatA meM koI bheda nahIM; donoM ekadUsare ke paryAya haiM / bhalA jo cIja hama de nahIM sakate, use lene kA hameM kyA adhikAra hai ? kyA koI kisI manuSya yA prANI kI jAna lekara punaH use lauTA sakatA hai ? kabhI nhiiN| jaba hama kisI ke prANa lauTA nahIM sakate to una prANoM ko chInane kA adhikAra hama kaise le sakate haiM ? ahiMsA hameM lenA nahIM, denA sikhAtI hai aura jIvana kA mAhAtmya lene meM nahIM dene meM hai, tyAga aura balidAna meM hai / ahiMsA manuSya ko Atmaupamya dRSTi pradAna karatI hai / gItA meM kahA gayA hai ki Atmaupamya dRSTi se jo sabako eka-sI dRSTi se dekhatA aura socatA hai ki jisa vastu meM mujhe sukha milatA hai usameM dUsare ko sukha milegA aura jisase mujhe duHkha hogA usase dUsare ko bhI duHkha hogA, vahI parama yogI hai; phira hama AtmA ke pratikUla AcaraNa kyoM kareM ? Atmaupamya dRSTi bhI ahiMsA hai| yaha hameM sabhI prANiyoM ke prati samAnaAtmavat AcaraNa karane kI abhipreraNA detI hai| AtmA kA vistAra mAnavatA kA vistAra hai, ahiMsA kA vistAra hai, maitrI kA vistAra hai'vasudhaiva kuTumbakam' tathA 'saha-astitva' kA vistAra hai| isa vistAra meM saMkIrNatA AyI to hiMsA, saMgharSa, dvandva, raktapAta kA tANDava-nRtya hone lagatA hai / ahiMsA mAnavatA kA abhyutthAna kara use usa sthAna para le jAtI hai, jahAM vaha dUsaroM ko apane samAna mahattvapUrNa samajhane lagatA hai-yahI AtmA kA vistAra hai| phArUka Ajama eka rAjA se milane jA rahe the| unake sAtha unakA sevaka thaa| phArUka Ajama svayaM rAjA (khalIphA) the aura kabhI naukara, kabhI svayaM UMTa para baiThe cale jA rahe the / bArI-bArI baiThate the| jaba gantavya ke nikaTa pahuMce aura vahAM rAjA apane sabhAsadoM maMtriyoM ke sAtha unake svAgatArtha khar3e the, taba UMTa para car3hane kI bArI sevaka kI A gyii| sevaka ne sammAnArtha svAmI phArUka Ajama se kahA ki udhara sAmane rAjAmaMtrI khar3e haiM, merA UMTa para baiThanA ThIka nahIM-ziSTAcAra ke viruddha hai; lekina phArUka Ajama ne sevaka kI eka na sunI aura use UMTa para baiThAyA, svayaM rassI pakar3akara Age-Age calate rahe / yahI Atmaupamya-dRSTi hai, ahiMsA-dRSTi hai| ahiMsA kA sambandha mUlataH bhAvanA se hai, yahI bhAvanA bAda meM karma meM pariNata hotI hai| isameM sabhI kI, saba prakAra se kalyANa-kAmanA sannihita

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ahiMsA kI bhAvabhUmi 21 rahatI hai / yahAM 'apane' ke sthAna para 'dUsare' ko tarajIha dI jAtI hai; ataH svArtha kA, viSaya vAsanA yA tRSNA kA, lobha yA moha kA koI sthAna yahAM nahIM rhtaa| phira ahiMsA mokSa kA dvAra bana jAtI hai| AtmA kA saMskArapariSkAra isI ke dvArA saMbhava hai / isa taraha vyakti aura samAja ko, ihaloka aura paraloka ko sukha-Anandamaya banAne kI zakti ahiMsA meM vidyamAna hai|

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ahiMsA kI gaMgA : bhArata kI asmitA bhAratIya saMskRti meM gaMgA kA jo mahattva hai vahI mahattva hamAre jIvana meM ahiMsA kA hai| gaMgA mokSadAyinI hai, pIyUSavarSiNI hai, sakala mala-kaluSa hAriNI hai / ahiMsA bhI mokSadAyinI hai, jaganmAtA hai, sarva prANiyoM ko sukhazAMti pradAna karane vAlI hai| sUtrakRtAMga' meM ahiMsA ko jagat-mAtA kahA gayA hai / 'yogazAstra' meM kAmadhenu ke rUpa meM vyAkhyAyita kiyA gayA hai / ahiMsA jagata-mAtA hai, Ananda kA mArga hai. uttama gati hai, zAzvata lakSmI hai ahiMsava jaganmAtA'hiMsaivAnandapaddhatiH / ahiMsava gatiH sAdhvI, zrI ahiMsaiva zAzvatI / / prazna yaha hai ki jaba ahiMsA meM aisI adbhuta zakti hai, UrjA hai, guNasampannatA hai to hamAre jIvana kI khetI kyoM sUkhatI jA rahI hai ? jahAM dekho hiMsA kA bola bAlA hai / rAjIva gAMdhI kI nRzaMsa hatyA isakA jvalaMta pramANa hai| isake sAtha Apa nirvAcana ke dinoM para dhyAna dIjie / kitane hI vidhAnasabhA ke, saMsada ke ummIdavAroM ko nizAnA banAkara unakI hatyAeM kI gyiiN| dukAneM jalAyI gayIM, makAnoM ko jalAkara rAkha kara DAlA gyaa| jIvita vyaktiyoM ko jalAkara mAra DAlA gayA / jidhara dekho udhara hI bhaya, AtaMka kA vAtAvaraNa vyApta hai / samajha meM nahIM AtA deza kidhara jA rahA hai ? samAja meM jIvana-mUlya kyoM skhalita ho rahe haiM ? kyoM AtaMkavAda kA damaghoTU paMjA sabakI ora bar3hatA jA rahA hai ? bhArata kI yaha pahacAna nhiiN| bhArata kI asmitA ahiMsA meM nihita hai, aparigraha kI bhAvanA meM parivyApta hai / dharma kI zreSThatA isameM hai ki hamArI vANI se, vicAra aura karma se kisI ko kaSTa na ho / lekina hama zreSTha dharma kA svarUpa bhUla baiThe haiN| svArtha, moha, ahaMkAra, arthasaMgraha meM itane aMdhe ho gaye haiM ki sadmArga dikhAyI hI nahIM pdd'taa| vivekazIla tathA jJAnI hone kA sAra yahI hai ki hama kisI prANI kI hatyA na kareM, kisI kA ahita na kareM, na ahita karane kA bhAva mana meM rkheN| kucha varSa pUrva rUsa ke rASTrapati gorbAcyeva bhArata Aye the| usa samaya dasa sUtrI "dillI ghoSaNa patra" taiyAra kiyA gayA, jisameM do sUtra mukhyataH ahiMsA para kendrita the / ve the ---(1) ahiMsA ko sAmAjika jIvana kA AdhAra banAnA (2) ahiMsaka vizva kA nirmANa karanA / siddhAMtoM kA bakhAna karanA, unakA ghoSa-patra taiyAra karanA burA nahIM, acchA hai aura AsAna bhI hai / kaThina hai unako jIvana meM utAranA, unako vyAvahArika rUpa pradAna

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ahiMsA kI gaMgA : bhArata kI asmitA karanA / mahAvIra ne ahiMsA kI sthUla nahIM, sUkSma vyAkhyA kI hai / prANimAtra kA hanana na karanA hI unakI dRSTi meM ahiMsA nahIM, varan kisI ko hAtha, paira, jabAna, AMkha se kaSTa na pahuMcAnA ahiMsA hai / mana meM kisI ke prati vaira-bhAva, IrSyA, krodha kA bhAva na Ane denA ahiMsA hai / isa prakAra tIrthakara mahAvIra kI ahiMsA kI bhUmi atyadhika vizAla tathA vizada hai, vistRta hai / Aja hameM usI bhUmi kA saMsparza kara apane jIvana ko zuddha banAnA hai, mokSonmukhI karanA hai| hiMsAtmaka vatti ke vistAra ne jana-mAnasa ko bhayAkula banA rakhA hai| kirAe ke hatyAroM dvArA suniyojita rUpa se logoM kI hatyAeM karAyI jAtI haiM / julUsa para patthara barasAeM jAte haiM, logoM ko hiMsA karane para ukasAyA jAtA hai| dharma kA, maMdira-masjida kA nAma lekara logoM ko lar3AyA jAtA hai / rAjanIti meM dharma ko dAkhila karanA khataranAka hotA hai, isake duSpariNAma hama dekha cuke haiN| yadi aba bhI pahale kI gayI galatI se sabaka nahIM sIkha leM to yaha buddhimAnI nahIM hogii| dharma kA rAjanIti se kyA lenAdenA? hameM rAjanIti ko dharma sammata na banAkara nIti sammata, naitikatApUrNa banAnA caahie| hamArA jIvana naitikatA kI sugaMdha se khAlI hai isalie usameM prema, sneha, karuNA, sauhArda, sahiSNutA, samAnatA kI khuzabU nahIM aatii| Aja AdamI kI hatyA karanA jitanA sarala hai zAyada utanA sarala aura koI kAma nahIM / dhana-lolupa hatyAre jaba cAheM, aura jise cAheM mAra sakate haiM, dina dahAr3e mArate bhI haiM / rAjanIti se prerita hatyAeM hamAre samAja tathA deza ke bhaviSya ko aMdhakAra kI ora le jAne vAlI haiM, isa samasyA para abhI taka sarakAra ne, prazAsana ne, vidhivettAoM tathA samAjasudhArakoM ne gambhIratA se nahIM socA / socanA par3egA, gahare jAkara ciMtana karanA par3egA / ahiMsA kA varcasva khatma ho gayA to samajha lIjie gaMgA bhArata se lupta ho jaayegii| hameM apane deza kI ekatA, akhaNDatA tathA svataMtratA ko banAe rakhanA hogA jisa kAraNa Aja hiMsA kA lAvA umar3a rahA hai, use hara stara para rokanA par3egA, sastI se kadama uThAne par3eMge / samAja meM rahane se kalaha, saMgharSa kA honA svAbhAvika hai lekina AdamI kA svabhAva zAnti aura prema kA hotA hai, hatyA karane kA nahIM hotaa| yadi IrSyA-dveSa ke kAraNa kucha thor3A-bahuta mana-muTAva bhI ho jAe to koI bAta nahIM, itanA adhika na ho ki khUnakharAbe kI naubata A jAe basa isa hada taka ho ki hamArI Age bhI bolacAla banI rahe-- duzmanI jamakara karo magara itanI guMjAiza rahe, jaba kabhI hama dosta hoM, milakara zarmindA na ho| hamArA paryAvaraNa pradUSita hai / pRthvI, jala, havA, vanaspati sabhI

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24 adhyAtma ke paripAva meM pradUSaNa se AkrAnta haiM / pradUSaNa kA prakopa bhI hiMsAjanita hai| jahAM manuSya apane astitva ke sAtha vanaspati kA, per3a-paudhoM, jIva-jantuoM kA, pakSiyoM kA astitva bhI svIkAratA hai, unake sAtha sadvyavahAra karatA hai, unakA saMrakSaNa karatA hai vahAM manuSya tathA prakRti meM santulana banA rahatA hai| prakRti aura manuSya ke bIca saMtulana bigar3ane kA artha hai pradUSaNa / jahAM prakRti tathA manuSya meM saMtulana bigar3atA hai vahAM hiMsA kA rUpa dekhA jA sakatA hai| vRkSoM-vanoM ke saMrakSaNa kA dAvA sarakAra khUba karatI hai, lekina unakI kaTAI banda nahIM huI / jaba vRkSa-vana kATe jAte haiM to usase hamArA paryAvaraNa burI taraha prabhAvita hotA hai| kyA jIva-jantuoM ke vizrAmasthaloM ko naSTa karanA hiMsA nahIM ? pakSiyoM ke, pazu-zAvakoM ko kaSTa pahuMcAnA hiMsA nahIM to aura kyA hai ? hama jaba dharmAcaraNa kI bAta karate haiM to bAhyADambaroM meM ulajhe rahate haiM, kitane loga haiM jo dharma ke Antarika rUpa ko tyAga, tapa ko, sevA-bhAva ko aMgIkAra karate haiN| hama dUsaroM se lene meM, chInane-jhapaTane meM sukha-Ananda mahasUsa karate haiM, AtmatRpti mahasUsa karate haiN| mAnavetara jIvadhAriyoM kI sevA karane kA vrata lekara ahiMsA-dharma kA anupAlana karanA hama bhUla gaye haiN| aba to manuSyoM kI rizvata dekara sevA kI jAtI hai, karAyI jAtI hai / bhraSTAcAra ne samAja ko patita kara DAlA hai| naukariyoM kI prApti rizvata ke bUte para sahaja ho gaI hai| eka skUla meM TreMDa grejueTa ke pada ke lie cAlIsa hajAra ru0 dAna diyA jAtA hai| aisA eka nahIM, kaI saMsthAnoM meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| yaha bhraSTAcAra Arthika hiMsA hai, yahI parigraha kahA jaayegaa| arthataMtra kA sAmrAjya hai sarvatra aura artha ke pIche sabhI parikramA karate haiM; hama hamAre jIvana-mUlya artha ke pIche mUka bane calate rahate haiN| ahiMsA jIvana meM utArane kA, vyavahAra meM lAne kA siddhAnta hai, ise zAstroM-AgamoM yA vANI kA vilAsa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / hamAre jIvana ko zAntimaya banAne ke lie, vizvazAnti kI prApti ke lie ahiMsA ke alAvA dUsarA mArga nahIM / khAr3I-yuddha ne jo vinAza-lIlA kI hai vaha suvidita hai| aisA vidhvaMsa to dvitIya vizvayuddha meM bhI nahIM huA hogA jahAM eka dina meM saikar3oM vAyuyAna hajAroM bama girAeM to vahAM ke vinAza kI sahaja hI kalpano kI jA sakatI hai / hiMsAtmaka pravRtti kA hI pariNAma thA yaha yuddha / anekAnta dRSTi yA vaicArika ahiMsA se kAma liyA jAtA to yuddha se jarUra bacA jA sakatA thaa| bhAratIya dharmoM meM ahiMsA kI mahattA kA sarvatra pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| adharma ko, anyAya ko, atyAcAra ko naSTa karane ke lie hiMsA kA sahArA bhI liyA gayA hai| rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata meM rAkSasoM ko, atyAcAriyoM ko, anyAya karane vAloM ko mArane ko ucita ThaharAyA gayA hai / Rgveda

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ahiMsA kI gaMgA : bhArata kI asmitA 25 (10/152/3 ) meM bhI yahI svara anuguMjita hai / bhAratIya saMskRti meM yuddhoM kA eka lambA itihAsa hai / ye yuddha zatru para vijaya pAne ke uddezya se lar3e jAte the unameM ghora narasaMhAra hotA thA / yuddha paramparA mAnava itihAsa kA avibhAjya aMga hai / ye yuddha sabhI bAhyayuddha haiM / dUsaroM ko parAjita karane ke uddezya se lar3e gaye / mahAvIra, gautama, gAMdhI ke yuddha Antarika yuddha the, apane para vijaya pAne ke uddezya se lar3e gaye the / vardhamAna 'mahAvIra isI kAraNa bane ki unhoMne apanA Antarika vIratva prakaTa kiyaa| ve vIra the, lekina sva para vijaya pAkara mahAvIra bane / bhArata kI asmitA isI vIratva meM hai, AMtarika vIratva meM hai / apane rAga-dveSa para, kAma-krodha para, IrSyA, moha para vijaya pAnA hI saccI vijaya hai /

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mahAvIra aura kabIra kI ahiMsAdRSTi mahAvIra aura kabIra - donoM kA vyaktitva bar3A hI krAntikArI thA / donoM rUr3hiyoM, ADambaroM aura karmakANDa ke viruddha the, jAti-bhedabhAva ke virodhI the aura mAnavatA kI ekatA meM vizvAsa karate the / mahAvIra ahiMsA ke mahAn upadeSTA the / unako ahiMsA dRSTi bahuta vyApaka hai / usameM manuSya hI nahIM, pazu-pakSI, kITa-pataMga sabhI sammilita haiM / mahAvIra prANImAtra ke prati ahiMsAbhAva, dayAbhAva tathA karuNA bhAva rakhate the / apane Upara unhoMne aneka parISaha aura upasarga sahana kiye, parantu kabhI kisI prANI ko kisI prakAra kA kaSTa nahIM diyA / mahAvIra samatA-patha ke pathika the, vahAM sabake sAtha samAnatA kA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA thA / Atmaupamya dRSTi sampanna the mahAvIra / phira vahAM cAhe caNDakauzika viSadhara ho yA koI durdaitya ho yA koI gvAlA | unake hRdaya meM kabhI kisI ke prati koI dveSa, ghRNA nahIM thI / vaha to rAga-dveSa, ghRNA - krodha, moha-mAyA sabase Upara uTha cuke the / ve pUrNataH jitendriya the, jinendra the, vItarAgI aura sthitaprajJa karmavIra the / unhoMne ahiMsA ko kendra meM rakhakara apane upadeza diye haiM / jIvana meM ahiMsA ke phUla khileM, ahiMsA kI sugandha se konA-konA mahake to yaha saMsAra, yaha dharatI svarga bana sakatI hai / sabhI dharma-granthoM meM ahiMsA kI mahimA kA Aloka panne panne para bikharA hai / santoM kI vANI ahiMsA kI vANI hotI hai, unakA lokAcAra ahiMsAmaya hotA hai / mahAbhArata meM kahA gayA hai' 'ahiMsA parama dharma hai, parama dAna hai, parama dama hai, parama yajJa hai, parama sukha hai, parama tIrtha hai| vAstava meM prANImAtra para dayA bhAva rakhane vAlA aura mAMsa na khAne vAlA vyakti hI dIrghAyu ko prApta hotA hai, vahI niroga tathA sukhI rahatA hai / ' mahAvIra ne apane pAMca aNuvratoM- mahAvratoM meM ahiMsA ko sarvopari sthAna diyA hai / ahiMsA meM jainadharma kI sakala arthavattA tathA mUlyavattA samAhita hai / mahAvIra-dharma kI AdhArazilA ahiMsA hai / yahI manuSya kA svadharma hai, AtmA kI yahI anuttarAvasthA hai| mahAvIra ne ahiMsA ko dharmaM kA prathama lakSaNa kahA hai aura titikSA yA sahiSNutA ko dUsarA lakSaNa batAyA hai / yathA - 1. mahAbhArata, anuzAsana parva

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mahAvIra aura kabIra kI ahiMsAdRSTi ahiMsA lakSaNodharma stitikSAlakSaNastathA / __ yasya kaSTe dhRti sti, nA'hiMsA tatra sambhavet / / jo vyakti ahiMsA ko jAnatA hai vaha dUsaroM ko kaSTa na pahuMcA kara svayaM anekoM kaSToM, parISahoM ko sahana karatA hai / vaha sadA apriya tathA kaTu vacanoM ko sahana karatA hai, priya tathA apriya donoM usake lie samAna hote haiM / ahiMsaka vyakti kI dRSTi samadRSTi hotI hai / yathA apriyA sahate vANI, sahate karma cApriyam / priyApriye nivizeSaH samadRSTi rahiMsakaH / / bhagavAn mahAvIra kahate haiM ki manuSya ke jJAnI hone kA sAra yaha hai ki vaha kisI bhI prANI kI hiMsA na kare / ahiMsAmUlaka samatA hI dharma hai| eyaM khu nANiNo sAraM, jaM na hiMsai kiMcaNa / ahiMsAsamayaM ceva, eyAvaMtaM biyANiyA / / kabIra eka vaiSNata santa the / vaha ahiMsA ke pracAraka aura mAMsAhAra ke kaTTara virodhI the| unhoMne hindu-musalamAna donoM kI hiMsA-bhAva kI khulakara nindA kI hai / eka sthAna para ve kahate haiM mAMsa mAMsa saba eka hai, muragI hiranI gAya / AMkha dekhi je khAta haiM, te narakahiM jAya / / bakarI pAto khAta hai tAkI kADhI khAla / jo nara bakarI khAta hai tAko kauna havAla / / dina bhara rojA rahata haiM, rAti hanata hai gAya / yaha to khUna vaha baMdagI kaise khuzI khudAya / / kabIra ne burAiyoM, pAkhaNDoM, hiMsA-bhAva evaM mithyADambaroM kA DaTa kara virodha kiyaa| hindU samAja meM pracalita karmakANDa tathA baliprathA unheM priya nahIM thii| aspRzyatA ke ve virodhI the| ve jAta-pAta ko nahIM mAnate the| mahAvIra aura kabIra ne AtmajAgRti para bala diyA hai| ve Atmazuddhi tathA Atma-prakAza dvArA manuSya ko ajJAnAMdhakAra se, kuvRttiyoM se, lobha tRSNA se, Asakti se Upara uThAnA cAhate the| 'pApI pUjA vaisi kari bhakhai mAMsa mada doI' jaisI bAta kabIra ke ahiMsAmaya hRdaya se hI nikala sakatI thii| vaha vaiSNava dharma-mArga ke pathika the, kisI prANI ko kaSTa denA unheM priya nahIM thaa| ve to sadA dUsaroM ke mArga ko phUloM se bhara denA cAhate the| ve burAI kA badalA bhI bhalAI se dete the yathA jo toko kAMTA buvai, tAhi boya tU phuul|| tohi phUla ke phUla haiM, vAko hai tirasUla / / unhoMne kisI ko kaSTa dene kI bAta nahIM socI, sadaiva priya vacana

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28 adhyAtma ke paripAkhaM meM bolane kA Adeza diyaa| priya vacana bolanA bhI ahiMsA hai, priyavacana auSadhi kA kAma karate haiM, jabaki kaTu bacana tIra, zalya ke samAna ghAva karane vAle hote haiM madhura vacana hai auSadhI, kaTuka vacana hai tIra / zravaNa dvAra hva saMcara, sAlai sakala zarIra // kabIra jaba 'prema ke DhAI Akhara' par3hane kI bAta kahate haiM to bhI ahiMsA bhAva ko prakaTa karate haiM / ve kisI bhI rUpa meM tana-mana-vacana se kisI ko kaSTa denA nahIM cAhate / mahAvIra kI ahiMsA kI bhAvanA ko kabIra ne pUrNataH AtmasAt kiyA thA / kabIra jaba kahate haiM 1. sAMca barAbara tapa nahIM, jhUTha barAbara pApa / haMsata - haMsata / Adi na anta / 2. doSa parAye dekhi ke, cale 3, apane yAda na AvaI jinakA 4. laghutA se prabhutA mile, prabhutA se prabhu dUra / yahAM sarvatra mahAvIra kI ahiMsA-dRSTi se lekara aparigraha dRSTi kI spaSTa chApa najara AtI hai / mahAvIra ne kahA ki jIva kA vadha karanA apanA hI vadha karanA hai, jIvoM para dayA karanA apane para dayA karanA hai / jaise duHkha tumheM priya nahIM vaise hI kisI prANI ko dukha priya nahIM, ataH saba para Atmaupamya dRSTi rakhakara dayAbhAva rakhanA cAhie / yathA - 'jIva hI appavaho, jIvadayA appaNo dayA hoi / tA savva- jIvahiMsA pariccattA attakAmehi // 'jaha te na piaM dukkhaM jANia emeva savvajIvANaM / savvAyaramuvautto attovammeNa kuNasu dayaM // mahAvIra ne rAgAdi kI anutpatti ko ahiMsA aura rAgAdi kI utpatti ko hiMsA mAnA hai / maiM samajhatA hUM yahI ahiMsA kI mUla bhAvanA hai, yAnI rAga hiMsA hai, virAga ahiMsA hai / rAga yA Asakti hI hiMsA hai, yahI parigraha hai / parigraha meM hiMsA hai kyoMki usameM rAga hai, mUcrchA hai / mamatvaM rAgasambhUtaM vastumAtreSu yad bhavet / sAhasA''saktireSaiva jIvo'sau vadhyate'nayA // hiMsA tIna prakAra kI mAnA gaI hai - ArambhI, virodhI aura saMkalpI / kRSi, rakSA, vyApAra zilpa tathA jIvikA ke lie kI gaI hiMsA koArambhI sakatA / cUMki karma se mukta hiMsA kahate haiM / gRhastha isa hiMsA se baca nahIM honA muzkila hai, isalie karma ke sAtha hiMsA to rahegI hI / lekina gRhastha ko mAMsa, zarAba aNDe Adi se bacanA cAhie / 'virodhI hiMsA' meM AkramaNakArI kA bala pUrvaka virodha kiyA jA sakatA hai / yaha mAnya hai ki manuSya ko

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mahAvIra aura kabIra kI ahiMsAdRSTi AkramaNa nahIM karanA cAhie / AkrAntA honA kSamya nahIM, lekina yadi koI Apake deza para AkramaNa karatA hai, zatru deza-sImA para atikramaNa karatA hai, cora-DAkU hamAre ghara meM balapUrvaka ghusatA hai to hameM usako rokanA cAhie / asala meM hiMsA to rAga-dveSa-janita hotI hai, isI ko 'saMkalpI-hiMsA' kahA jAtA hai| mahAvora ne isI prakAra kI hiMsA ko gRhastha yA zrAvaka ke lie pApa mAnA hai| hiMsA se yathAsambhava bacanA sabhI ke lie Avazyaka hai| kabIra ne kAma, krodha, lobha se sAvadhAna rahane kA bAra-bAra Adeza diyA hai 1. kAma, krodha, lobha, moha bibarajita haripada cInhai soI / 2. kAma, krodha, tisanAM ke mAre bUDi muehu binu paanii| ve Age kahate haiM ki aisA sAdhu banane kA kyA lAbha, jo apanI vANI para bhI niyaMtraNa na rakha sake / vANI dvArA dUsaroM kI hiMsA karane vAlA sAdhusajjana nahIM kahA jA sakatA sAdhu mayA to kyA bhayA, bolai nAMhi vicAri / hata parAI AtmA, jIma bAMdhi taravAri / / manuSya ko samasta prANiyoM ke prati dayAlu rahanA caahie| kisI rUpa meM kaSTa nahIM pahuMcAnA caahie| niravaira, nirahaMkArI rahanA hI ahiMsaka honA hai, saMta yA sajjana honA hai / yathA nirabairI nihakAmatA, sAMI seto neha / / vikhayA sau nyArA rahe, saMtani kA aMka eha / kabIra kahate haiM ki dUsaroM kI hiMsA karake apane ko pAlanA jIvana kI niSphalatA hai / manuSya se usake dvArA kI gaI jIva-hatyA kA jaba lekhAjokhA mAMgA jAyegA taba kauna usakI rakSA karegA ? kauna usake pApoM kA bhAgI banegA ? jIva-hatyA hiMsA hai, adharma hai, isakA lekhA-jokhA to vyakti ko svayaM denA hogA hii| yathA jIa jU mArahiM jora kari kahate haiM ju halAla / jaba daphtari lekhA mAMgi hai taba hoigA kauna havAla / jora kiyA so juluma hai leI javAba khudAI / daphtari lekhA nIkasai mAri muhai muhiM khaaii| kabIra ne mAMsa kA kraya-vikraya karane, jIva-hatyA karane ko mahApApa mAnA hai / unhoMne cIMTI se hAthI taka ko Izvara kA prANI mAnakara saba para dayA karane kA upadeza diyA hai| Izvara ko to apane sabhI prANI priya haiM, jo ina prANiyoM ko kaSTa degA yA unakI hatyA karegA, usakI kabhI mukti nahIM hogii| yathA "sabai jIva sAMI ke pyAre ubarahuge kisa bolai / "

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30 adhyAtma ke paripAka meM mahAvIra ahiMsA-dharma ke pravartaka haiM aura kabIra ne bhI isI ahiMsA dharma ko apane jIvana meM bhalI-bhAMti utArA thaa| vaha eka muslima parivAra meM pAlita-poSita the parantu jIva-hatyA ko, hiMsA ko unhoMne kabhI svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| unhoMne kAma, krodha, tRSNA moha Adi vikAroM ko naSTa karane yA indriya-nigraha karane kI jo bAta kahI usake pIche bhI unakI ahiMsA bhAvanA chipI huI hai / Aja ke sandarbha meM mahAvIra aura kabIra kI ahiMsA bhAvanA mAnava jAti kA kalyANa karane vAlI hai, isameM koI saMdeha nahIM / kyoMki sakala saMsAra Aja hiMsA kI lapaToM meM ghirA hai| mahAvIra evaM kabIra jaise saMtoM kI ahiMsA una lapaToM ko pala bhara meM zAnta kara sakatI hai| mahAvIra ne to hamezA yahI upadeza diyA hai ki kisI jIva kA hanana nahIM karanA cAhie / yaha saba tIthaMkaroM kA bhI amRtopadeza hai atItai vibhizcApi vartamAnaiH samaijinaH / sarve jIvA na hantavyA, eSa dharmo nirUpitaH / /

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kabIra kI zAkAhArI dRSTi kabIra (1398-1495) vaiSNava svabhAva ke kavi the| anya saMtAtmAoM ke samAna ve bhI pUrNa ahisA meM vizvAsa rakhate the / jIvoM para dayA karanA, unheM kisI prakAra ko kaSTa na denA kabIra kI prakRti meM zAmila thA / unhoMne bhale hI kisI pAThazAlA meM vidhivat zikSA nahIM pAyI; lekina unake ananta jJAna kA sAgara bar3e-bar3e vidvAnoM, paNDitoM ko cunautI detA hai / kisameM itanI sAmarthya hai jo usakA saMtaraNa kara sake ? unakI aparigrahI dRSTi aura ahiMsApyAyita prakRti unheM mahAvIra kA anayAyI siddha karatI hai / ve janmanA jainI na sahI, karmaNA jainI avazya the| mahAvIra ne apanI prathama dezanA meM kahA thA ki jo utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya yukta hai, vahI sat hai-'utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyayuktaM sat' (tattvArthasUtra 5-30) / saMsAra kI pratyeka vastu svabhAvata parivartanazIla hai, vaha kSaNa-pratikSaNa badalatI rahatI hai / sat kA pUrNataH vinAza nahIM hotA / parivartana asat kA hotA hai, usakA utpAda nahIM hotaa| vastu ke mUla-rUpa meM parivartana nahIM hotaa| jar3a ko cetana kA rUpa nahIM diyA jA sakatA / saMsAra nitya parivartanazIla hai-'samyak sarati iti saMsAra' / janadarzana meM saMsAra kI anityatA kA vizada varNana kiyA gayA hai, isI ko 'anityAzaraNa saMsAra' kaha kara anuprekSA kA eka rUpa mAnA gayA hai / kabIra bAra-bAra saMsAra kI, prANI kI anityatA kA bakhAna karate rahe haiM je UgyA so AMthave, phUlyA so kumhalAya / jo ciNiyAM so Dhahi paDai, jo AyA so jAya / / jo paharyA so phATisI, nAMva dharyA so jAi / jo isa nazvara saMsAra meM udita hotA hai, usakA asta honA anivArya hai| jo phUla khilatA hai vaha avazya murajhAtA hai| jisa bhavana kA nirmANa hotA hai eka dina vaha vidhvaMsa ko prApta hotA hai / jisa navIna vastra kA Aja dhAraNa karate haiM, vaha dUsare dina phaTa jAtA hai, yahI saMsAra kI anityatA hai| kavivara panta ne bhI isI anityatA ko nimna paMktiyoM meM zabdAyita kiyA hai yahI to hai asAra saMsAra, sRjana, siMcana, saMhAra ! Aja sarvonnata harmya apAra, ratna dIpAvalI maMtroccAra, ulUkoM ke kala bhagna vihAra, jhilliyoM kI jhanakAra /

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.w adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM yuvAcArya zrI mahAprajJa ne kahA hai-'mana para maila taba jamatA hai jaba hama anitya ko nitya mAna kara calate haiM, saMyoga ko zAzvata aura vijAtIya ko sajAtIya mAna kara calate haiM / hama isa bAta ko siddhAMta se aura vyavahAra se bhI jAnate haiM ki padArtha anitya hai, saMyoga anitya haiM / jo padArtha prApta hai vaha avazya naSTa hogaa|' yaha anityatA kA bodha manuSya ko nityatA kI ora unmukha karatA hai / kabIra bhI usI anazvara paramAtmA kI zaraNa meM jAne kA AhvAna karate haiM aura sadaiva zuddhAcaraNa para bala dete haiM, AtmIyatA kA, namratA kA, niSparigraha kA sadupadeza dete haiN| kabIra ne usa hindU kI, usa musalamAna kI khula kara nindA kI hai, jo sAttvika AcaraNa nahIM karatA, jisameM ahaMkAra hai, pAkhaNDa hai, nirdayatA hai / ve vAsanA ke pariSkAra para bala dete haiM, indriya-ni graha kA mArga darzAte haiM / hindU vrata rakhatA hai, anna kA tyAga karatA hai; lekina mana para, rasanA para niyaMtraNa vaha nahIM rakha pAtA aura ekAdazI kA vrata phalAhAra (dUdha, siMghAr3A) se karatA hai / musalamAna bhI rojA rakhate haiM, lekina rojA iphtAra karate samaya murge kA mAMsa khAte haiM rojA turuka namAja gujAre bisamila bAMga pukaar| unako bhista kahAM te hoihaiM sAMjha muragI mArai / / kabIra samyagjJAna tathA samyakdRSTi kI, nirmala dRSTi kI bAta karate haiM / mAMsAhAra kI nindA kabIra bAra-bAra karate haiN| ve nahIM cAhate ki koI kisI jIva kI hatyA kara usakA mAMsa khAye / eka sthAna para ve kahate haiM-- turakI dharama bahuta hama khojo, bahu bajagAra kara e bodhA / gAphila garaba karai adhikArI, svAratha arathi badhai e gAI / / vyakti eka ora dharma kI bAta karatA hai, dUsarI ora mithyAcaraNa karatA hai / nija svArthArtha, svAdArtha gau kI hatyA karatA hai, gau kI hatyA karake bakarI kA khArA dUdha pIne vAlA mUrkha, maMdabuddhi, ajJAnI nahIM to aura kyA hai ? ahiMsA mahAvrata kA pAlana sAdhu-varga karatA hai, ahiMsANuvrata kA pAlana zrAvakagaNa karate haiN| kabIra nahIM cAhate ki choTe-se-choTe jIva kI bhI koI hatyA kre| pUjA-sAmagrI meM phUla car3hAte samaya loga jIva-hatyA karate haiM, mandira ke banavAne meM bhI asaMkhya jIvoM kI hatyA hotI hai / kabIra kI ahiMsAmaya dRSTi dekhate hI banatI hai aru bhUle SaTdarasana bhAI, pAkhaMDa bhesa rahe lapaTAI / jaina bodha aru sAkata se nA, cArabAka caturaMga bihUnA / jaina jIva kI sudhi na jAne, pAtI tori dehurai anaiM / donA mavarA caMpaka phalA, tAmai jIva basaiM kara tUlA / / aru prithamoM kA roma upAra, dekhata jIva koTi sNghaarai|

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kabIra kI zAkAhArI dRSTi 3 gAya ke viSaya meM kabIra kahate haiM ki gAya ghAsa khA kara, jala pI kara, bachar3e ke lie dUdha detI hai / bachar3A sira mAra kara gAya ko kaSTa de kara dUdha pItA hai| udhara manuSya bachar3e ko dUdha na de kara khuda hI pI jAtA hai / isa prakAra gAya ko zaktihIna banA detA hai| gAya ke camar3e kA jutA, mazaka taka banAne se vaha nahIM cuuktaa| manuSya ke isa mithyAcAra para unhoMne tIvra vyaMgya kiyA hai| kabIra ke sAmane sakala samAja thA; hindU, musalamAna, jaina, brAhmaNa sabhI the / ve jisameM kucha kadAcAra/pApAcAra dekhate, khula kara kahate / bar3e hI 'balaMTa' the kabIra / kAjI aura jaina sAdhu ke viSaya meM unakI yaha 'ramainI dekhane yogya hai kAjI so jo kAyA vicAra, tela dIpa maiM bAtI jaar| tela dIpa maiM bAtI rahai, joti cInhi je kAjI kahai / / mulanAM baMga dei sura jAnIM, Apa mumalA baiThA taanii| Apuna maiM je karai nivAjA, sau musalamAM sarabattari gaajaa|| jogI bhasama kara mau mArI, sahaja gahai bicAra bicArI / anabhai ghaTa paracA sUM bolai, so jogI nihacala kade na Dolai / / jaina jIva kA karahu ubArA, koNa jIva kA karahu udhArA / kAjI vaha kahalAyegA, jo zarIra-rUpI dIpaka meM paramAtmA kI snehavartikA rakha kara alakha jyoti ko pahacAnane meM jyotirmaya paramAtmA ko prApta karane ke lie prayatnazIla rahatA hai| binA artha hRdayaMgama kiye kurAna kA pATha karane vAlA manuSya kAjI nahIM kahalA makatA / jisakA roma roma paramAtmA ke nAma se spaMdita hotA hai, vahI kAjI hai| jo nirbhaya hai, samatA-bhAva meM rahatA hai, vahI saccA yogI hai| usa vyakti ko kabIra jaina sAdhu mAnane ko taiyAra haiM, jo jIvoM kI rakSA karatA hai, jIvoM para upakAra karatA hai / jIvoM kI rakSA karanA unheM, sukha-zAMti pahuMcAnA, unheM nirbhayatA pradAna karanA jaina sAdhu kA, sabhI manuSyoM kA parama dharma hai / kabIra ne samatA kI bAta kahakara yaha darzAyA hai ki manuSya apane prANoM ke samAna dUsaroM ke prANoM ko bhI samajhe / saMsAra meM kauna aisA prANI hogA, jo sukha prApta karanA nahIM cAhatA ? marane se saba duHkhI hote haiM, isalie hama kisI jIva ke prANa kyoM hareM ?bhagavAn mahAvIra kahate haiM, 'koI duHkha nahIM cAhatA; isalie kisI ko duHkha mata phuNcaao| isI dayAbhAva ko ahiMsA kahate haiM / tumheM itanA samajha lenA hI kAphI hai| ahiMsA ke lie samatA aura samatA ke lie ahiMsA kA jJAna Avazyaka hai; yahI mAnava jJAna kI arthavattA hai|' samatA jainadharma kI rIr3ha hai, usakA merudaNDa hai / Aja yadi hama saMsAra kI samasyAoM kA nidAna khojanA cAheM to use samatA meM khojanA caahiye| jo bhI

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34 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM AtaMkavAda hai, hiMsA upadrava hai, sAMpradAyikatA hai, sabako samatA kI nadI bahA kara le jA sakatI hai, unheM dUra pheMka sakatI hai | bhagavAn mahAvIra to jIvana-bhara samatAyukta AcaraNa karate rahe, samatA kI sAkAra pratimA bane rahe / bhalA apanA jIvana kise priya nahIM, sukha kauna nahIM cAhatA ? hameM phira kyA adhikAra hai dUsare ke prANa lene kA ? aba to aneka deza phAMsI kI, mRtyu daNDa kI sajA ko amAnavIya kaha kara usakA niSedha kara rahe haiM / dayA, mamatA, sahAnubhUti mAnavIya guNa haiM, inameM hamAre jIvana mUlyoM kI sugandha bharI par3I hai | dostovaskI ne kahA hai ki dayAbhAva sarvottama guNa hai, mAnava-jIvana kA ekamAtra siddhAMta, niyama hai / hama isa eka niyama ko bhI apane jIvana meM nahIM utAra sake ! Aja saMsAra ke sabhI deza AtaMkavAda, hiMsAvAda ke kaiMsara se pIr3ita haiM / saMsAra vinAza kI ora unmukha hai, AMkhoM para paTTI bAMdhe vaha sarapaTa daur3a rahA hai / mAlUma nahIM usakA kyA aMjAma hogA ? hama vizvazAMti kI cAha karate haiM; lekina cAha karane se kucha nahIM hotA, kucha amala karanA hogA, apane Apako pahacAnanA hogA / mahAvIra ne isI kA upadeza diyA / ' mahAmAnava mahAvIra' meM DaoN0 guNavaMta zAha ne ThIka likhA hai ki ahiMsA parama dharma bana jAe, aisI anukUlatA bar3hate hue audyogIkaraNa, pradUSaNa kI samasyAoM, saMtulana kI jarUratoM, UrjA ke saMkaTa, bar3hate hue tanAva aura sarvanAza kI AzaMkA ke kAraNa bana rahI hai / mahAvIra kI ahiMsA kA aisA saMdarbha svIkAra na kareM to doSa hamArA hai / kabIra ne apane zAkAhAradarzana meM jisa bAta kI ora saMketa diyA hai, vaha ahiMsA kA hI to upadeza hai / unakI ahiMsA mahAvIra kI ahiMsA hai, bhale hI unhoMne jainadharma kI zikSA na pAyI ho; lekina isameM saMdeha nahIM ki kabIra kA samparka jaina sAdhuoM se rahA hai aura unakI dinacaryA se, mahAvratoM se, AcAra-vicAra se ve jarUra paricita rahe haiM / svabhAva se kabIra bhI mahAvIra ke samAna eka-sthAna-sedUsare sthAna bhramaNa karate rahate the / yAyAvara vRtti thI unakI; ataH unhoMne jo kAma, krodha, lobha, moha kI nindA kI hai, indriyanigraha tathA aparigraha kA, ahiMsA kA upadeza diyA hai, vaha mahAvIra ke vicAra-darzana kA hI pratibimba hai |

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jainadharma meM paryAvaraNa kI avadhAraNA vizva meM paryAvaraNa ko lekara sabhI dezoM meM eka cetanA paidA ho rahI hai| cetanA hai jala, vAyu, dhvani, pRthvI kI zuddhi kii| jahAM taka paryAvaraNa kI zuddhi kA prazna hai, prANimAtra ke lie bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai| Aja na jala zuddha mila rahA hai, na vAyu zuddha mila rahI hai / jidhara dekho dhueM ke ambAra lage hue haiM, jaharIlI gaisa havA meM ghulI hai| audyogikIkaraNa ke bar3hate caraNoM ne pAnI taka ko pradUSita kara rakhA hai, jisase jalacara marate jA rahe haiN| yaha vinAzalIlA nadI-nAle, tAlAboM ke azuddha, gaisamizrita jala meM dekhI jA sakatI hai| vijJAna meM paryAvaraNa ke lie 'ikolaoNjI' zabda AyA hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki prakRti ke sabhI padArtha eka-dUsare para nirbhara haiM, eka-dUsare ke pUraka haiM / ve 'iMTaraDipeMDeMTa' haiN| jahAM koI eka padArtha prakRti ke yA apane svabhAva ke viparIta jAtA dikhAI par3A ki prakRti meM asantulana paidA ho jAtA hai, jo ativRSTi, bAr3ha, bhUcAla, pracaNDa garmI Adi ke rUpa meM bhayAnaka hAni lekara AtA hai| sabhI vastueM apane-apane svabhAba meM rahakara sakriya raheM, unameM sAmaMjasya tathA saMtulana banA rahe to hamArA paryAvaraNa kharAba nahIM hogaa| paryAvaraNa kA artha hai saha-astitva / sabhI vastueM eka-dUsare kI sahayogI banI raheM, sabhI eka-dUsare kI paripUraka banI rheN| ahiMsA kA vijJAna yahI hai ki saMsAra meM sabhI prANI jInA cAhate haiM maranA koI nahIM cAhatA, saba sukha prApta karanA cAhate haiM. duHkha koI nahIM caahtaa| yAnI sabhI ko isa saMsAra meM jIne kA haka hai / hameM kyA jarUrata hai apane sukhArtha dUsare prANI kI jAna lene kI ? hama yaha kyoM bhUla jAte haiM ki hamAre kArakhAnoM, miloM se jo gaMdA, pradUSita jala yA jaharIlI gaisa nikalI hai vaha pazu-pakSiyoM, manuSyoM ke lie hAnikAraka hai| nadiyoM meM itanA sar3A jala bahakara AtA hai ki machaliyAM marI huI Upara tairatI dikhAI detI haiN| 1982 meM bhopAla meM jaharIlI gaisa ke risane se bIsa hajAra se adhika logoM ke mAre jAne, prabhAvita hone ke samAcAra mile / aneka to jIvana bhara ke lie apaMga ho gae, netroM kI jyoti kho baiThe, mastiSka vikRta ho ge| prakRti meM saMtulana banA rahe, yahI paryAvaraNa hai, phira koI ApadA nahIM aayegii| umAsvAti ne vijJAna yuga se pahale hI eka sUtra 'parasparopagraho jIvAnAm' meM logoM ko paryAvaraNa kI cetanA pradAna kI thI aura use vyApaka AyAmoM meM prastuta kiyA thaa|

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36 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM sTAkahoma kAnphreMsa meM san 1972 meM paryAvaraNa kI ora saMsAra ke dezoM kA dhyAna AkRSTa kiyA gyaa| bhArata meM paryAvaraNa-viSayaka kAnUna 1974 meM pArita huA, jise jala-zuddhi kA kAnUna kahA gayA (jala-pradUSaNa kI rokathAma kA kAnUna-prIveMzana eNDa kanTrola oNna polyUzana ektt)| dUsarA kAnUna vAyu-zuddhi ko lekara 1981 meM pAsa kiyA gayA aura paryAvaraNaviSayaka cetanA ko janamAnasa meM jagAne kA kAma sarvaprathama zrImatI indirA gAMdhI ne kiyaa| 1986 meM paryAvaraNa sambandhI sabhI muddoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara 'enavAyaranmeMTa proTekzana ekTa' banAyA gayA / aba to bhArata meM paryAvaraNa evaM vanyaprANI rakSA nAma se eka svataMtra maMtrAlaya sthApita ho gayA hai / jaba hama jaina tIrthaMkaroM ke cihnoM ko dekhate haiM to vahAM bhI hameM paryAvaraNa kI anubhUti hotI hai / 24 tIrthaMkaroM meM 17 tIrthaMkaroM ke cihna pazupakSI se jur3e hue haiN| Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kA cinha baila hai / yaha bhAratIya kRSi saMskRti kA AdhAra-stambha hai| yahAM baila se jur3e ghAsa ke maidAna, sApha-svaccha jala se bhare nadI-nAle, tAlAba, harI-bharI khetI sabhI sAkAra ho uThate haiM / gaja (ajitanAtha), azva (saMbhavanAtha), vAnara (abhinandananAtha), cakavA (sumitanAtha), makara (puSpanAtha), gaiMDA (zreyAMsaprabhu), mahiSa (vAsupUjya), zUkara (vimalanAtha), sehI (anantanAtha), hariNa (zAMtinAtha), chAga (kuMthunAtha), kacchapa (muni suvrata), sarpa (pArzvanAtha), siMha (mahAvIra) / ye sabhI cihna pazu-pakSI se sambadhita haiN| inake atirikta lAla kamala (padmanAtha), tagara kusuma (arahanAtha), nIlotpala (naminAtha), zaMkha (neminAtha) prakRti viSayaka haiM, jahAM saundarya hai, zuddha vAyu hai, sugandha hai / zaMkha, kacchapa, makara jala kI zuddhatA kI ora saMketa karate haiN| candramA (candraprama) bhI zItalatA, svacchatA, prakAza kA pratIka hai| ye sabhI cihna pratIkAtmaka haiM aura paryAvaraNa kI zuddhatA kA bhAna karAte haiM / paryAvaraNa kI anubhUti jaina tIrthaMkaroM ko hajAroM varSa pUrva thI, isameM koI sandeha nahIM / yaha paryAvaraNa kI anubhUti hI thI, jisase vanyapazu. vRkSa, vana sabhI kI surakSA kA dhyAna jainadharma meM rakhA gayA hai| __ zAkAhAra ke pIche paryAvaraNa kI cetanA chipI hai / mAMsAhAra ke lie pazu-pakSI kA hanana karanA par3atA hai aura ye pazu-pakSI hamAre vAtAvaraNa ko zuddha, pavitra rakhate haiM / kucha jala ko zuddha rakhate haiM, kucha vRkSoM-vanoM kI rakSA karane kA sadjJAna hameM dete haiN| vanyapakSI hare-bhare maidAnoM, vanoM meM rahate haiM aura ve tabhI raheMge jaba vana hoMge, vRkSa hoMge / vanoM se, vRkSoM se vAyu zuddha milatI hai, varSA hotI hai, bhU-skhalana nahI hotA / pRthvI kI urvaratA banI rahatI hai| dayA kI bhAvanA hameM hiMsA se rokatI hai aura hamAre andara AtmIyatA kA bhAva paidA karatI hai / jaba hama zAkAhAra kI bAta karate haiM

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jainadharma meM paryAvaraNa kI avadhAraNA 37 to prakRti ke saMrakSaNa kI bAta karate haiN| pauSTika bhojana zAkAhAra se milatA hai / kahA jAtA hai-jo zAkAhAra karate haiM ve kaiMsara se pIr3ita apekSAkRta kama hote haiN| zAkAhAra sAtvika bhojana hai, supAcya aura svAsthyavardhaka hai / jaba zAkAhAra kA pracAra-prasAra kiyA jAtA hai to usake pIche prakRti kI surakSA kI bhAvanA rahatI hai, saMyama kI bhAvanA rahatI hai| paryAvaraNa meM saMyama-saMtulana kA rahanA jarUrI hai / asaMyama ke bar3hane se saMtulana bigar3atA hai aura usase vAyu jala, dhvani sarvatra pradUSaNa bar3hane lagatA hai| mahAvIra ne isIlie saMyama ko dharma, jIvana kahA hai-saMyamaH khalu jIvanam / vizva svAsthya-saMgaThana ne svAsthya kI paribhASA meM kahA hai ki zarIra ke sampUrNa bhautika, mAnasika tathA sAmAjika kSema-kuzala ko svAsthya kahate haiM; yaha kevala niroga yA balavAn hone kA nAma nahIM hai / jAhira hai isa nirogatA ke pIche saMyama kI bhAvanA hai-saMyama khAne-pIne meM, soca-vicAra meM, sAmAjika vyavahAra meM rahegA to koI pradUSaNa kisI stara para najara nahIM aaegaa| jaba zAkAhAra kI bAta karate haiM to yaha dhyAtavya hai ki mAMsa unhIM pazu-pakSI kA khAyA jAtA hai, jo zAkAhArI haiN| siMha, billI kuttA Adi kA mAMsa koI nahIM khaataa| ataH zAkAhAra svAbhAvika bhojana hai / kahate haiM manuSya kA vikAsa bandara se huA hai / bandara ko hI DArvina ne apane vikAsavAdI siddhAnta kA kendra mAnA hai yAnI bandara hI vikAsa prApta karate-karate manuSya rUpa meM parivartita huA hai / bandara svayaM zAkAhArI pazu hai ataH prakRti se manuSya bhI zAkAhArI hai / yaha kahanA ki mAMsAhAra adhika pauSTika, saMtulita, proTIna-viTAmina-yukta hotA hai, sarAsara ajJAnatA kA sUcaka hai / dAloM meM, soyAbIna meM, mUMgaphalI meM, seva-saMtarA meM kyA kama proTIna evaM viTAmina hote haiM ? kahane kI AvazyakatA nahIM ki zAkAhAra paryAvaraNa kI surakSA kA bodha karAne vAlA hai| isase jIvana meM anuzAsana AtA hai| bhojana meM bhI yadi anuzAsana, saMyama na rakhA to nizcita rUpa se hamArA aniSTa hogaa| jaina manISiyoM kI dRSTi meM sAtvika AhAra vaha hai, jo jIvana tathA anuzAsana meM sahAyaka ho, jo mAdaka na ho, jo kartavya-vimukha na banAe / sAtvika AhAra yAnI sAtvika jIvana aura sAtvika jIvana yAnI paryAvaraNa kA zuddha-svaccha honA / paryAvaraNa kA sambandha adhyAtma se bhI hai| kisI nadI ke kinAre, vRkSa ke nIce, vana-kandarA meM hamAre RSi-muni dhyAna karate the, AdhyAtmika sAdhanA meM lIna rahate the| prAcInakAla meM hamAre yahAM vRkSa kI pUjA kI jAtI rahI hai| kucha vRkSoM, pattoM, phaloM, ko hama devatA para car3hAte rahe haiN|

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adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM kavikalAdhara kAlIdAsa ne AmramaMjarI tathA zirISa ke phUla kA khUba varNana kiyA hai / 'kumArasambhava' aura 'raghuvaMza' meM prakRti ke ina rUpoM kI mohaka, jIvanta abhivyakti prApta hotI hai| muni-AzramoM meM pazu-pakSiyoM kI dekhabhAla to hotI hI thI, vRkSoM-latAoM ko bhI jalAdi se sIMcakara unheM harA-bharA rakhA jAtA thaa| kahate haiM--kazmIra ke 'nasIma bAga' (cinAravATikA) ko dUdha se sIMcA jAtA thaa| kaNva Azrama meM zakuntalA kA AMcala hiraNa-zAvaka pakar3a letA hai, latAoM-vRkSoM se lipaTakara zakuntalA rotI hai| ve mAno unakI saheliyAM hoM ! yaha hai prakRti kA manuSya se sambandha / AcArAMga (113, zastraparijJA) meM manuSya aura prakRti ko samAna-guNasampanna mAnA hai / donoM janmate, bar3hate haiM, donoM caitanyayukta haiM, donoM chinna hone para mlAna ho jAte haiM, donoM AhAra lete haiM, donoM anitya, azAzvata haiM, donoM nAnA avasthAoM ko prApta hote haiM, donoM upacita-apacita haiN| isalie vanaspatikAyika jIva ko, prakRti ko na svayaM naSTa kareM, na dUsaroM se naSTa karAveM, na naSTa karane vAloM kA anumodana kreN| (AcArAMga, zastraparijJA, 116) jaina dharma ahiMsAvAdI hai ataH isameM ikolaoNjI yA paryAvaraNa para vizeSa bala diyA gayA hai / Aja hamArA paryAvaraNa kaI rUpoM meM asaMtulita evaM pradUSita ho rahA hai / phreDarika smeTeseka ne hAla hI meM yaha rahasya udghATita kiyA hai ki himAlaya kA tApamAna AdhA DigrI seMTigreDa bar3hane ke kAraNa himAlaya kI titaliyAM vahAM se bhAganA zurU ho gaI haiN| (dainika hindustAna TAimsa, 15 akTUbara, 1980) pradUSaNa se bacane ke lie hama sabhI ko vibhinna staroM para sakriya, sAvadhAna rahanA cAhie / pradUSaNa vizva mAnavatA ke viruddha eka hamalA hai, aisA nArve kI bhUtapUrva pradhAnamaMtrI gro hArlema ne indirA gAMdhI zAnti puraskara lete hue sitambara 1990 ko apane bhASaNa meM kahA thA / tatkAlIna pradhAnamaMtrI zrI vizvanAtha pratApasiMha ne usa avasara para kahA thA-'paryAvaraNa para Ae vizva-vyApI saMkaTa se nipaTane ke lie vizva-stara para prayAsoM kI jarUrata hai. aisA koI bhI prayAsa tabhI saphala hogA jaba audyogika rUpa se vikasita aura vikAsazIla rASTra milakara prabhAvazAlI kadama uThAeM / hama sabakA astitva khatare meM hai| amIra aura garIba sabhI ko milakara vizva paryAvaraNa ko bacAne kA prayAsa karanA caahie|' vizva paryAvaraNa ko bacAne ke lie hameM jaina dharma kI ahiMsA tathA aparigraha kI dRSTi ko apanAnA hogaa| hameM vanya pazuoM kI hatyA se hAtha rokanA hogA aura vRkSoM, vanoM kI andhAdhundha kaTAI banda karanI hogii| hamAre hRdaya meM vRkSoM-vanya prANiyoM ke prati prema-karuNA kA, vatsalatA kA bhAva paidA honA cAhie / apane ko sampanna banAne ke lie hama prakRti ko nirdhana banA

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jainadharma meM paryAvaraNa kI avadhAraNA rahe haiM yaha parigraha hAnikAraka hai, ise tyAganA par3egA / jainadharma icchAoM ko sImita karane kA upadeza detA hai aura vastuoM ke saMgraha yA parigraha ko parimANa meM rakhane kI dRSTi pradAna karatA hai isalie prakRti kI sampadA ko surakSita rakhanA hogA / hamAre audyogika saMsthAna pragati ke sopAna hokara bhI pradUSaNa ke janaka haiN| miloM-kArakhAnoM se jo nirantara utpAdana ho rahA hai, usase hamAre lie sukha-suvidhAeM juTAI jAtI haiN| unase hamArI sampannatA meM vRddhi hotI hai, lekina kise mAlUma nahIM ki parigraha vRtti ne hamAre lie, anya prANiyoM ke lie kitanI samasyAeM paidA kI haiN| nadI-nAloM meM gale-sar3e camar3e kA ati hAnikAraka gaMdA jala bahatA hai / pAnI meM hAnikAraka rAsAya. nika tattva mile rahate haiM / hamArI parigrahavRtti isake lie jimmedAra hai / vanoM-vRkSoM ko kATakara hama apanI saMpannatA ko bar3hA sakate haiM, lekina aneka pazu-pakSiyoM ko aniketana banA dete haiM, veghara banA dete haiM yaha hiMsA nahIM to aura kyA hai ? prakRti ke binA prANI kaise rahegA ? sabhI jIvoM, prANiyoM ke sAtha ekAtmakatA paidA karanA, unake astitva ko svIkAra karanA ahiMsA ko vyAvahArika rUpa denA hai| jaba saMyama kI bAta jainadharma meM kahI jAtI hai to prakRti ke saMtulana kI bAta A jAtI hai / prakRti meM asantulana AnA, padArthoM kI sthiti meM gar3abar3I yA asantulana AnA paryAvaraNa kI samasyA paidA kara detA hai|

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paryAvaraNa saMtulana aura saha astitva SE / bhArata ke RSi evaM saMtoM kA jIvana zAkAhArI the / paryAvaraNa zabda se bhale hI ve mAhaula ko sApha-sutharA rakhanA unheM priya thA samajhate / prAcIna bhArata meM vRkSoM vano kI rakSA kA dAyitva zAsaka tathA janatA - saba jAnate aura samajhate the / hamAre RSi-muni nadiyoM ke taTa para kuTI Azrama banAkara rahate the / bar3e-bar3e RSi Azrama vanoM meM hote the / vahAM vRkSoM ko kATanA, AkheTa karanA niSiddha thA / RSi AjJA ke binA AkheTa karanA varjita thA / kaNvAzrama meM duSyanta ko muni-ziSya zikAra khelane se rokate haiM / vahAM zikAra khelanA, pazu-pakSI kI hatyA karanA Azrama kI maryAdA ke pratikUla thA / duSyanta ne rAjA hote hue bhI Azrama kI maryAdA kA pAlana kiyA / bar3A hI sAtvika thA / ve aparicita rahe hoM, lekina ve vanoM, vRkSoM ke mahatva ko hama prati varSa 22 apraila ko "vasuMdharA divasa" yA "prakRtimAtA divasa" manAte hai / 5 jUna ko "paryAvaraNa divasa" manAyA jAtA hai / julAI meM zajarakArI vanamahotsava, akTUbara ke prathama saptAha meM vanyapazu saMrakSaNa saptAha manAyA jAtA hai, lekina hamAre andara apane mAhaula ko sApha svaccha karane kI vaha cetanA paidA nahIM ho pAtI, jisakI apekSA hai / jaba taka hamArA paryAvaraNa sApha-sutharA na hogA taba taka hamArA jIvana sukhamaya nahIM ho sakatA / paryAvaraNa para vicAra karate hue hameM kaI bAtoM para dhyAna kendrita karanA cAhie 1. janasaMkhyA :- bar3hatI janasaMkhyA 6 araba se adhika ho jAyegI aura bhArata kI janasaMkhyA eka araba se Upara pahuMca gaI hai / 2 pradUSaNaH - yaha kaI rUpoM meM apanI vinAzalIlA darzA rahA hai / jala, vAyu, dhvani, pRthvI sarvatra pradUSaNa kA kurAjya chAyA hai / aisA lagatA hai, jaise sundara cehare para cecaka ke dAga nikala Ae hoN| hamAre yahAM mahAnagaroM (megA siTija) ke atirikta kAnapura, pAlI, bar3audA, dhanabAda, korabA sahita 15 nagaroM kI vikaTa sthiti banI huI hai / bambaI kA cembUra kSetra pradUSaNa kA paryAya bana gayA hai / 3. saMsAdhanoM kA apavyaya - vana vRkSa ho yA koyalA, lohA, tela gaisa ho, sabhI kA dohana kara hama asaMtulana paidA kara rahe haiN| isakA mUlya mAnavajAti ko vinAza vipadAoM ke rUpa meM cukAnA par3egA aura par3A hai /

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paryAvaraNa saMtulana aura saha astitva 4. vanaspati kA vanya prANiyoM kA vinAza-audyogika krAnti se pradUSaNa kA halAhala nikala rahA hai| 5. bhU-skhalana-isake kAraNa vRkSoM, hariyAlI kA saphAyA hotA jA hai / jagaha-jagaha kUr3AkarakaTa par3A rahatA hai audyogika pragati ne apaziSToM ke ambAra lagAkara, pAnI meM bahAkara paryAvaraNa ko gaMdA banA diyA hai| pradUSaNa kA phaMdA gale meM DAlakara mAnavajAti marmAntaka pIr3A kA anubhava kara rahI hai, yaha sarvavidita hai| jainadharma meM paryAvaraNa para vizeSa dhyAna diyA gayA hai / zramaNa-zrAvaka donoM ke dharmoM kA vahAM samyak ullekha hai| jala ko chAnakara pIne kI pRSThabhUmi ke pIche zuddha jala kA prayoga karane kI bhAvanA hai, sAtha meM ahiMsA kI bhAvanA bhI vidyamAna hai / yaha samajhA jAtA hai ki chAnakara pAnI na pIne se jIva hatyA hotI hai yA hone kI saMbhAvanA hai, jala dvArA sUkSma kITANu peTa meM jA sakate haiM / chAnakara pAnI pInA nIrogatA, acche svAsthya kI ora prerita honA hai / hamAre audyogika saMyaMtroM ne jala ko itanA adhika pradUSita kara diyA hai ki nadI, nAloM, jhIloM, tAlAboM meM jalacara mara jAte haiN| vaha jala pIne meM hAnikAraka hai / jalapradUSaNa hiMsAjanaka hai| sAtha meM asaMkhya nyUkliyara parIkSaNa bhI jala ko, vAyumaNDala ko pradUSita karate haiM aura paryAvaraNa para pratikUla prabhAva DAlate haiN| isa bhayaMkara sthiti ko dekhate hue yaha kahane meM koI saMkoca nahIM ki jala ko chAna kara upayoga meM lAne se bahuta hada taka jala-pradUSaNa se mukti pAyI jA sakatI hai| paryAvaraNa kI carcA ke sAtha ahiMsA aura dayA kI bhAvanA bhI sAmane AtI hai| mahAvIra AtmatulavAda ke pravartaka the| unhoMne saMyama, AcaraNa, karuNA, dayA para vizeSa bala diyA / yuvAcArya mahAprajJa ne apanI pustaka "jainadharma : arhat aura ahaMtAeM" meM eka sthAna para likhA hai ki sRSTi-saMtulana-zAstra Adhunika vijJAna ke lie vijJAna kI eka naI zAkhA ho sakatI hai lekina eka jaina ke lie yaha siddhAMta DhAI hajAra varSa purAnA hai| sRSTi-saMtulana kA jo sUtra mahAvIra ne diyA, vaha Aja bhI bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai / unhoMne kahA-jo pRthvI, pAnI, agni, vAyu aura vanaspati ke astitva ko svIkAra karatA hai, vaha apane astitva ko svIkAra karatA hai / apane astitva ke samAna unakA astitva mAnatA hai| hama isa tulA se toleM to na kevala ahiMsA kA siddhAMta hI phalita hotA hai apitu paryAvaraNa vijJAna kI samasyA ko bhI mahattvapUrNa samAdhAna prApta hotA hai / yaha Avazyaka hai-hama ahiMsA ko kevala dhArmika rUpa meM prastuta na kreN| yadi use vartamAna samasyAoM ke saMdarbha meM prastuta kiyA jAe to mAnava jAti ko eka nayA Aloka upalabdha ho sakatA hai|'

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adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM 'bhagavAna mahAvIra ne pAMca sthAvara-kAya kI jo bAta kahI, vaha bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai / sthAvara jagat ke sAtha ekAtmatA kI anubhUti honI cAhie / jaisA hamArA astitva hai vaise hI sRSTi kA astitva hai, vanaspati Adi kA astitva hai / jaise-jaise yaha anubhUti spaSTa aura prakhara hotI calI jAegI vaise-vaise hamArI jAgarUkatA bar3hatI calI jaaegii| jAgarUka caryA kA AdhAra hai-pUre prANI jagat ke sAtha ekAtmatA / kevala prANI jagat ke sAtha hI nahIM, pudgala jagat ke sAtha bhI eka vizeSa prakAra kI anubhUti honI caahie| eka nirjIva vastu ko bhI binA matalaba idhara-udhara rakhanA asaMyama hai| jIva kA asaMyama hotA hai to ajIva kA bhI asaMyama hotA hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne sAdhanA kA jIvana jiyA, usakA AdhAra-sUtra hai'dUsare ke astitva kI svIkRti' / paryAvaraNa kI cetanA meM bhI dUsare ke astitva kI svIkRti hai| jIvana eka-dUsare ke sahayoga para, eka-dUsare ke upakAra-bhAva para nirbhara hai / yahI saha-astitva (Co-existence) hai| hama jIvita rahanA cAhate haiM to saMsAra ke anya jIva, padArtha bhI jIvita tathA surakSita rahanA cAhate haiN| paMcazIla' ke siddhAMta bhI saha-astitva para AdhArita haiN| sabhI sukhI rahanA cAhate haiM, duHkhI honA koI nahIM caahtaa| / vAstava meM jJAnI hone kA sAra yaha hai ki kisI bhI prANI kI hiMsA na kareM, itanA jAnanA hI kAphI hai ki ahiMsA-mUlaka samatA hI dharma hai, yahI ahiMsA-vijJAna hai| gItA kI mAnyatA hai ki jo kisI ko apane vyavahAra se duHkhI nahIM karatA, vahI zreSTha vyakti hai| yahAM bhI ahiMsA, karuNA tathA dayA kA upadeza hai| mahAvIra ne eka sUtra diyA-ekkA maNussajAI--manuSyajAti eka hai, phira kyoM kisI ko pIr3A pahuMcAI jAe, satAyA jaae| jaba hama dayA kI bAta karate haiM to hameM sabhI prANiyoM ko Atmatulya samajhanA caahie| kisI ke prati dveSa-bhAva na rahe, yahI mahAnatA kA abhisUcaka hai / isameM sarvatra Atmopamya dRSTi rahatI hai / "samaNasutta" (50) meM kahA gayA hai jaha te na piyaM dukkhaM, jANia emeva samvajIvANaM / savvAyaramuvautto, attovammeNa kuNasu dayaM / / yAnI jaise tumheM dukha priya nahIM vaise hI saba jIvoM ko dukha priya nahIM haiM-aisA jAnakara pUrNa Adara aura sAvadhAnI pUrvaka Atmopamya dRSTi se saba para dayA kro| yahAM saba para dayA karane kA Azaya hai manuSya, pazu-pakSI, kITa-pataMga sabhI para dayA karanI caahie| gurunAnaka kI dRSTi samatA bhAva se saMnyApta thii| vaha kisI ko bhI

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paryAvaraNa-saMtulana aura saha astitva hIna-nIca nahIM samajhate the| unakI dRSTi meM jo hIna-nIce kA sahAyaka hotA hai usa para Izvara kI kRpAdRSTi rahatI hai nIcAM adaMra nIca jAti nIcI chu ati nIca, nAnaka tinakai saMgi sAthi vaDiA siDa kiA riis| jittha nIca samAliani titthe nadari terI barusIsa // arthAt nIcI jAtiyoM meM jo nIcA hai aura una nIcoM meM jo bhI nIcA hai, he nAnaka ! merA unhIM se saMga-sAtha hai / mujhe bar3e logoM (jAtiyoM) se koI barAbarI nahIM krnii| jahAM nIca ko saMbhAlA jAtA hai paramezva kI . kRpAdRSTi bhI vahIM hotI hai| mahAvIra ne ahiMsa', dayA para jaisA bala diyA vaisA hI bala kabIra ne diyaa| unakI dayA kI bhAvanA aneka dohoM meM mukharita huI hai| unheM yaha dekhakara duHkha hotA thA ki hindU aura musalamAna donoM ne dayA aura rahama ko apane dila se nikAla diyA hai-unako bihizta kahAM te hoI sAMjhe muragI mAre, yaha hai unakI jIvadayA kI avdhaarnnaa| vaha tana ko nahIM mana ko prema, bhakti, karuNA, dayA, samatA ke raMga meM raMgane kA upadeza dete the| saha-astitva kI bhAvanA se prerita hokara kaI jIva-rakSaka saMsthAeM kArya kara rahI haiN| dillI meM lAla jaina maMdira meM sthita pakSI-cikitsAlaya meM pakSiyoM kI dekhabhAla kI jAtI hai| 'da enimala phraiMDa hAspiTala-kamazailTara' nAmaka saMsthA dillI meM bhAmAzAha roDa para sthita aisA hI kArya kara rahI haiN| zrImatI menakA gAMdhI to aisA mahasUsa karatI haiM ki yadi kisI pazu ko kazAghAta kiyA jAtA hai to mAno unhIM para kazAghAta ho rahA hai| yaha saMvedanA, saMpIr3A kI anubhUti kama vyaktiyoM ko hotI hai kintu aisI saMvedanA ke vikAsa se hI paryAvaraNa-saMtulana ko bala milegaa| deza meM jahAM eka ora zaukiyA mAMsAhAra kA prayoga dekhA jAtA hai vahAM viveka sammata dRSTikoNa rakhane vAle vyaktiyoM meM zAkAhAra kA pracalana bar3hatA jA rahA hai| mAMsa, machalI, aNDe meM viTAmina yA proTIna nahIM, varan dAloM, phaloM Adi meM inakI mAtrA bhI atyadhika hai| soyAbIna meM proTIna sarvAdhika milatA hai| kazmIra ke prasiddha DAkTara zrI gulAma kAdira ulAkabanda ne logoM ko satya parAmarza dete hue kahA ki mAMsAhAra tyAganA svAsthya ke lie lAbhadAyaka hai| aNDA peTa meM pattharI banAtA hai / rogI pazu kA mAMsa khAne vAle meM roga paidA karatA hai| bhojana saMtulita ho, sAtvika ho, supAcya ho, pauSTika ho yahI sabase acchA hai, svAsthyavardhaka hai / acchA svAsthya khAne-pIne meM saMyama baratane para nirbhara hai| vizva

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44 adhyAtma ke paripAzva meM svAsthya saMgaThana ne usa bhojana ko lAbhadAyaka mAnA jisase manuSya sAmAjika, manovaijJAnika, zArIrika rUpa meM svastha rahe, jo uttejaka na ho| uttejaka bhojana vikAra utpanna karatA hai| zAkAhAra ahiMsA kA patha hai, pradUSaNa se mukta hone kA rAstA hai / hameM sampradAya, jAtivAda se Upara uThakara kAma karanA caahie| zAkAhAra sampradAya yA dharma se sambandha nahIM rakhatA, yaha to svAsthya se sambandhita hai| hameM dharma, sampradAya ko saMkIrNatA se nahIM apanAnA caahie| zuddha mAnavIya dRSTi se kAma lenA cAhie aura apane ko sAmpradAyikatA ke aMdhakAra se dUra rakhanA cAhie, ahiMsA, dayA, sadbhAvanA ke dIpaka jalAne cAhiye jina cirAgoM se jAAssuba kA dhuAM uThatA hai / una cirAgoM ko jalA do to ujAle hoMge / / jainadharma-darzana paryAvaraNa kI zuddhi para vizeSa bala detA hai aura vyAvahArika rUpa meM ahiMsAvAdI hone ke kAraNa zAkAhArI hai| jIvoM para dayA-karuNA karanA usakA pramukha vidhAna hai| prazna yaha hai ki isa audyogika krAMti ke bar3hate caraNoM meM vidhvaMsa se hama paryAvaraNa ko kaise bacA sakate haiM ? jahAM saMyama-saMtulana nahIM, vahIM paryAvaraNa kI samasyA hai, pradUSaNa hai, hiMsA hai, mohAtireka mUrchA hai, parigraha hai, dveSa aura ghRNA hai| vanaspati, per3a-paudhe, vanarAji, nadI, pazu-pakSI sabhI ke jIvana meM saMyama-surakSA kI bhAvanA ho / saha-astitva para vizvAsa ho to na hiMsA hogI, na ghRNA, na pradUSaNa / lobha-moha hamAre paryAvaraNa ko dUSita karane ke mUla kAraNa haiM aura yahI hiMsA kI vRtti bhI hai / Aja aparigraha aura ahiMsA kA vrata lekara Age bar3he to isa dharatI ko avazya pradUSaNa-mukta kiyA jA sakatA hai| hamArA samAja sukhI aura samRddha ho sakatA hai /

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vRkSa hamAre lie pUjya haiM jaba yaha kahA jAtA hai ki vRkSa hamAre lie pUjya haiM to isase tAtparya yaha hai ki vRkSa-sampadA kI hameM rakSA karanI cAhie kyoMki unakI samRddhi mAnava-jIvana kI samRddhi hai aura eka mahAn ahiMsA bhI hai| vanaspati kA hara taraha se saMrakSaNa karanA caahie| hama vanaspati kA, per3a-paudhoM kA saMrakSaNa kara kaI prakAra se puNya ke bhAgI banate haiN| 'AcArAMga' meM vanaspati-saMrakSaNa kA vizadatA se rekhAMkana kiyA gayA hai| jo vyakti nAnA prakAra ke zastroM se vanaspati-sambandhI kriyA meM vyApta hokara vanaspatikAyaka jIvoM kI hiMsA karatA hai vaha vanaspatikAyika jIvoM kI hiMsA hI nahIM karatA, nAnA prakAra ke anya jIvoM kI hatyA, hiMsA bhI karatA hai jamiNaM virUvarUve hiM satthe hiM vaNassai-kamma-samAraMbheNaM, vaNassaisatthaM samAraMbhamANe aNNe vaNegarUve pANe vihiMsati / -AcArAMga-zastra-parijJA, 101 yadi eka vRkSa ko kATA jAtA hai to usake sAtha pakSiyoM ke gharoM ko ujAr3A jAtA hai, vihaga-zAvaka anIDa ho jAte haiM, choTe-bar3e kITa-pataMgoM kA Azraya-sthala naSTa ho jAtA hai aura phaladAra vRkSoM ko kATane para loga, anya pazu-pakSI unake phalAhAra se vaMcita ho jAte haiN| zAkAhAra meM kamI A jAtI hai / jina chAyAdAra vRkSoM ke nIce baiThakara pathika apanI zrAMti miTAte haiM, tapatI dhUpa meM rAhata mahasUsa karate haiM, pazu-pakSI bhI vahAM ArAma karate haiN| ye saba sukha ArAma dene vAlA vRkSa hotA hai aura use hI hama kATakara apane Apako bhautika dRSTi se parisampanna banAte haiN| lekina yaha bhUlate haiM ki utanA hI daridra tathA pradUSita apane vAtAvaraNa ko banAte haiN| vRkSoM ko AMkha banda kara kATanA paryAyavaraNa ko pradUSita karanA hai / jaba paryAvaraNa pradUSita hotA hai to mAnava-jIvana taraha-taraha kI ApadAoM meM phaMsa jAtA hai / hamAre aneka dhArmika tathA sAmAjika kRtyoM meM vRkSoM, phUla-pattoM tathA ghAsa-phUsa kA atyadhika mahattva hai / tulasI pavitra paudhA mAnA jAtA hai vaha kaI prakAra ke rogoM meM auSadhIya guNoM kA kAma karatA hai| bela yA bilva vRkSa ke patte zivaliMga para car3hAe jAte ta / ' azoka vRkSa bhI pavitra mAnA jAtA 1. sarvAbhAve bilvapatramarpaNIyaM zivAya ca / bilvapatrArpaNeneva sarvapUjA prasidhyati / / (zivapurANa)

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46 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM dUdha meM Dubokara vara-vadhU kI rogoM ko dUra karatA hai / yaha bhagavAn buddha ko bodhi- - vRkSa ke hai / kuzAgrAsa bhI pavitra hai / harI dUba ko AratI utArI jAtI hai| nIma kA vRkSa kaI zItalA mAtA kA nivAsa mAnA jAtA hai / nIce jJAna kI prApti huI hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne bhI vRkSa ke nIce baiThakara tapa-dhyAna kiyA / Ama ke pattoM se vaMdanavAra banAyA jAtA hai / kele ke pattoM se zobhAdvAra banAte haiM / vaTa-vRkSa bhI pavitra vRkSa mAnA jAtA hai / isakI sudIrgha laTakane vAlI jar3eM zaMkarajI kI jaTA svarUpa samajhI jAtI haiM aura suhAgina striyAM apane pati ke sudIrgha jIvana kI kAmanA karate hue vaTa vRkSa kI pUjA karatI haiM / 'vRkSa Ayurveda' ke taru mahimA adhyAya meM kahA gayA haidazakUpa samaH vApI, dazavApIsamo hRdaH / dazahRdaH samo putro, dazaputrAH samo drumaH ! yAnI eka bAvar3I dasa kuoM ke barAbara hotI hai / eka tAlAba dasa bAr3iyoM ke barAbara hotA hai, eka putra dasa tAlAboM ke barAbara hotA hai aura eka bRkSa dasa putroM ke barAbara hotA / aba isase adhika vRkSa kI mahimA kA kyA bakhAna ho sakatA hai ! jaba pAMca vRkSa ropaNa se 14 pIr3hiyoM kA uddhAra ho jAtA hai to phira unake kATane se manuSya ko kitanI bhayAnaka aghAnala meM jalanA hogA, yaha sahaja hI anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai / bhagavAn kRSNa ne 'gItA' meM vanaspati kI, prakRti kI mahimA nija svarUpa meM bAra-bAra kI hai / unhoMne kahA hai ki nadiyoM meM maiM gaMgA hUM ( 10, 31), RtuoM meM maiM basaMta hUM ( 10,35), jalAzaya meM maiM samudra hUM (10,24), gauoM meM maiM kAmadhenu hUM ( 1028), unacAsa vAyu devatAoM kA teja aura nakSatroM meM maiM candramA hUM ( 10,21 ) / eka sthAna para vRkSoM meM pIpala vRkSa apane ko kahA hai - azvatthaH sarvavRkSANAM ( 10, 26) / sindhu ghATI sabhyatA meM pIpala ko pavitra vRkSa mAnA gayA thA / usa kAla kI muharoM para pIpala kI tasvIra hai, usa para eka devI baiThI hai / pIpala sabhI gAMva-nagaroM meM hama dekhate haiM / ise pavitra to mAnA jAtA hai hI-- isako trimUrti mAnA jAtA hai yAnI isakI jar3a brahmA hai, chAla viSNu hai, zAkhAeM ziva haiM, sAtha meM yaha svAsthyavardhaka hai / pIpala hI eka aisA vRkSa hai jisakI pattiyoM se rAtri meM bhI oNksIjana nikalatI hai jabaki anya vRkSoM se rAta meM kArbana DAi AksAiDa nikalatI hai / isalie rAta meM pIpala ke per3a ke nIce soyA jA sakatA hai / pIpala ko pAnI denA zubha mAnA jAtA hai aura saiyada ibrAhIma rasakhAna (1558-1618) ko to ve karIla kI kuMjeM itanI pyArI, mUlyavAna haiM ki una para vaha lAkhoM svarNa mahala nichAvara kara sakate haiM kyoMki unake nIce kRSNajI ne vihAra kiyA thA, keli kI thI -

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vRkSa hamAre lie pUjya haiM 47 kauTika hoM kaladhauta ke dhAma, karIla kI kuMjana Upara vaaroN| karIla-kuMoM kI pAvana sthalI vRndAvana meM jAkara dekhie, aba vahAM kitane karIla ke vRkSa haiM ! manuSya kI lobha-vRtti ne na jAne kaise-kaise vRkSoM ko apanA grAsa banAyA hai| pariNAma kitanA bhayAnaka huA hai, yaha sarvavidita hai / manuSya jIvana kI bakA prakRti ke astitva se jur3I hai / prakRti nahIM, per3apaudhe nahIM to manuSya nhiiN| manuSya ko apane astitva ke lie per3apaudhoM ke astitva ko bacAnA hogA, paryAvaraNa kA saMrakSaNa karanA hI pdd'egaa| 'rAmacaritamAnasa' meM vana-sampadA, vRkSa-rAzi sabhI kA aneka sthAnoM para varNana kiyA gayA hai| 'uttarakAMDa' meM kAkabhuzuNDi jisa parvata para basatA hai vahA~ pIpala ke vRkSa haiM, vahAM vaha dhyAna, japa, tapa karatA hai| Ama kI chAyA meM mAnasika pUjA karatA hai aura vaTavRkSa ke nIce baiThakara harikathA ke prasaMga kahatA hai, aneka pakSI usa kathA kA zravaNa karate haiM tinha para eka biTapa bisAlA, vaTa pIpara pAkarI rasAlA / pIpara taru taTa dhyAna so dharaI, jApa jagya pAkari tara karaI / AMba chAMha kara mAnasa pUjA, taji hari bhajanu kAju nahiM dUjA / vara vaTa kaha harikathA prasaMgA, AvahiM sunahiM aneka vihaMgA / -uttarakAMDa, 57 'nahi mAnuSAt zreSThataro hi kiMcit' dvArA manuSya kI zreSThatA kA bakhAna kiyA gayA hai aura 'aitereyopaniSad' (11313) meM kathA hai ki gauazva Adi kI racanA dekhakara devatA asaMtuSTa hue, unhoMne jaba manuSya kA zarIra dekhA to sAnanda uchala pdd'e| sabhI devatAoM ne manuSya ke zarIra ko apane AvAsa-yogya mAna liyaa| hamAre dharmagranthoM meM manuSya kI bar3AI kA khUba varNana kiyA gayA hai| zrI aravinda manuSya ko AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA pratIka mAnate the / paMta ko lagA ki saMsAra meM manuSya ke lie kucha kamI nahIM, yadi vaha mAnava banA rhe| imarsana ko manuSya 'bhagna devatA' mAlUma pdd'aa| lekina manuSya meM devatva dekhane ke sAtha usameM dAnatva bhI dekhA jA sakatA hai| raskina kA kahanA hai ki AdamI eka hAthahIna jaharIlA makar3A hai, jo khUna cUsa sakatA hai, DaMka mAra sakatA hai, para kabhI kucha buna nahIM sktaa| mArka Tvena to manuSya ko sarvAdhika ghRNita jIva mAnatA hai / manuSya meM jo burAI hai vaha hai usakI hiMsA-vRtti, loma-krodha kI bhAvanA, IrSyA-dveSa kA bhAva / yahI

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adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM vikAra use hInatva kI ora le jAte haiM, use dAnava tathA rAkSasa banAte haiM / briTena ke kavi varnsa kA to yaha bhI kahanA hai www 48 Aha Izvara AdamI kyA hai; vaha kaisA sIdhA-sA lagatA hai lagAtAra hathakaMDoM ke bala para bar3hane kI koziza karatA hai gaharAI aura chichalepana ke sAtha devatA hai / para vahAM kalmaSatA bhI akelI hai saba kucha milAkara vaha zaitAna ke lie bhI bhArI pahelI hai / mArga darzAtI hai, lekina sUjhatA aura ajJAnatA ke jaba hama manuSya ko betahAzA vRkSoM ko kATate dekhate haiM to usakA vaha hiMsaka rUpa sAmane AtA hai / vaha dAnava bana jAtA hai / prakRti to manuSya ko mAnavatA pradAna karatI hai, usake svAbhAvika dharma kA bhautikatA kI cakAcauMdha se use samyak rAstA nahIM garta meM giratA calA jAtA hai / prakRti hamArI mAM hai, usameM mamatA hai, sneha hai, vAtsalya bhAva hai / hama jitanA adhika prakRti ke per3a-paudhoM, pazu-pakSiyoM sAnnidhya meM raheMge utanA hI adhika mAnavIya guNoM se sampanna hoMge | Aja manuSya meM mAnavatA kI kamI hai, mAnava mUlyoM kA abhAva hai / mAnavatAvAda (Humahatarianism ) ke uccAdarzoM ko jitanA adhika zIghra aMgIkAra kareMge utanA hI adhika hamArA jIvana sukha-zAMti se pUrNa hogA / pazcimI sabhyatA kI aMdhI nakala zreyaskara nahIM ho sakatI, hameM vivekazIla aura prajJAvAna banakara karmakSetra meM padArpaNa karanA caahie| hama apanI jamIna para khar3e hoM, apane cintana se preraNA arjita kareM aura apane ko punaranveSita karane kA krama jArI rakheM / mAtra bhautika padArthoM kI upalabdhi jIvana kA mahad uddezya nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / arthArjana jIvana ke lie jarUrI hai, magara use hI saba kucha nahIM samajhanA cAhie / parigraha- janita pragati kalaha-saMgharSa, vaira, hiMsA utpanna karatI hai / 'AcArAMga' (vimokSa, 13) meM eka sUtra hai - "hariesu Na NivajjejjA, thaMDilaM muNi Asae", arthAt muni hariyAlI para na soe, sthaNDila (harita aura jIva jantu rahita sthAna ) ko dekhakara vahAM soe / hariyAlI para na sone se abhiprAya yahI hai ki vanaspati kI, per3a-paudhoM kI zasyazyAmalA dharatI kI pUrNataH surakSA kI jAe / vana-vRkSa hamArI bhautika aura AdhyAtmika pragati ke sAdhana haiM, sAdhya nahIM / hamArA jIvana inake abhAva meM zuSka ho jAegA / Aja manuSya ne bhautika unnati ke zikharoM kA saMsparzana bhale hI kara liyA ho, vaha AMtarika rUpa se khokhalA anubhava karatA

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vRkSa hamAre lie pUjya haiM 49 hai aura isa AMtarika zunyatA ko bharane ke lie dharma tathA adhyAtma kI zaraNasthalI Avazyaka hai| naitika AcaraNa, saMyama aura ahiMsA kA patha manuSya bhUla gayA hai| jaba taka ahiMmA ke 'mahApatha' kI ora usake caraNa Age nahIM bar3heMge vaha saMsAra meM sukhI nahIM ho sakatA, samAja aura rASTra ko sukhI nahIM banA sakatA / apanI sarvAMgINa unnati ke lie hameM bhautika, mAnasika, naitika aura AdhyAtmika zaktiyoM kA vikAsa karanA hogaa| apane astitva ke sAtha vRkSoM ke, vanoM ke astitva ko mahattva denA apekSita hai / jitanA adhika vRkSoM ke nikaTa jAeMge prakRti kI kor3a meM baiTheMge, pazu-pakSI ke prANoM kI rakSA kareMge utanA hI adhika hama prANavAn, zaktimAn tathA Urjasvita hoMge / hamArA cira vikAsa prakRti ke, vRkSoM ke cira sAhacarya se hI sambhava hogA / vRkSa -saMrakSaNa paristhiti [ikaoNlojI] kA hI saMrakSaNa hai, yahI ahiMsA-dharma kA anupAlana hai|

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vizva ekatA sukha aura Ananda kI prApti pratyeka manuSya ke jIvana kI balavatI icchA hotI hai / isa icchA - spRhA kI saMpUrti ke lie manuSya adhikAdhika saMgraha parigraha karane meM aMdhAdhuMdha lagA rahatA hai / Aja hamAre cAroM ora kA vAtAvaraNa dUSita hai, jala, vAyu sabhI paryAvaraNa ke zikAra haiN| bAjAra meM jo mI Avazyaka khAdyasAmagrI upalabdha hai. use bhI pUrNataH zuddha hama nahIM kaheMge, milAvaTa kA roga unheM parigraha kiye haiM / pahale, abhI 25-30 varSa pUrva aisI bAteM zAjonAdira hI dekhane meM milatI thIM parantu Aja paristhitiyAM ekadama viparIta haiM / sabhI para dhanI hone kA bhUta savAra hai, dhanI honA burA nahIM, pratyeka ko dhanavAna banane kA adhikAra hai, pratyeka ko baMgalA, kAra hAsila karane kA adhikAra hai| yahI to Arthika svatantratA hai lekina isa svatantratA kI saMprApti ke lie hama ucita-anucita bhUla baiThe haiN| rAjanaitika kSetra meM dekhie -- vahAM bhI hiMsA kA bolabAlA hai, zastrIkaraNa kI hor3a aisI hai ki Azcarya hotA hai, AdamI khuda apanI sattA miTAne kA bhayAnaka, hiMsAtmaka kucakra calA rahA hai / saMsAra vizvayuddha ke sabase bhayAvaha aura vidhvaMsakArI kagAra para Akara khar3A ho gayA hai, tanika-sA prasAda usakI jIvana lIlA mamApta karane ke lie kAphI hai aisI viSama sthiti meM yadi hama jainamata ke siddhAMtoM ko, bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIvanAdarzoM ko utAreM, tadanukUla AcaraNa kareM to bahuta kucha sImA taka hama vinAza ke duHkha ke, nirAzA ke, hiMsA - atyAcAra ke kAle meghoM ko chitarA sakate haiM / abhimAna, bhaya, ghRNA, kAma, krodha, zoka, moha Adi ekatA kI bhAvanA ke virodhI aura hAnikAraka tattva haiM aura inheM hama hiMsA kA nAnAvidha rUpa kaha sakate haiMaprAdurbhAvaH rUnu rAgAdInAM bhavatya hiMseti / teSAmevotpattiH hiMsA jinAgamasya saMkSepaH // samajheM, unheM jIvana meM ( puruSArthAsiddhayupAva, 44 ) yadi hama vizvamaitrI, vizva bandhutva kI bhAvanA ko sAkArita karanA cAhate haiM to ahiMsA kI zaraNa meM jAna hogA, jainamata ke bhaloka dvArA saMsAra meM vyApta hiMsA, baira, zatrutA ke andhakAra ko naSTa karanA hogA / AcAryavara zrI tulasI ne kahA hai-dharma kI mUla bhitti haiM vizva bandhutA, vizvamaMtrI | vyakti apane parivAra ke prati, apane apane apane iSTa mitra ke prati maitrIbhAva rakhatA hai, yaha koI khAsa bAta nahIM, pazu-pakSI bhI apanI saMtAna

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vizva ekatA ke prati maitrIbhAva rakhate haiM / dharma kI mitti itane taka sImita nahIM raha jaatii| usakA dAyarA to vyApaka aura vizva bhara meM vyApta hai usakI bhitti hai samUce saMsAra ke prati maitrIbhAva rakhanA pratyeka prANI ko Atma-tulya samajhanA / kisI ko ghRNA kI dRSTi se mata dekho, dharmapracAra ke pantha cAhe alaga-alaga ho, para sabakI AtmA paramAtmA svarUpa hai, koI kisI se kama nhiiN| yadi isa kathana ko gahanatA se hRdayaMgama kiyA jAe, use samajha-parakha kara jIvana meM utAreM to na kevala eka varga yA sampradAya ke bhedabhAvoM kA nirAkaraNa ho sakatA hai balki dezoM ke bar3hate pArasparika manamuTAva ko, zIta yuddha ke vAtAvaraNa ko maitrI, sahiSNatA aura ekatA meM parivartita kara sakate haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra kahate haiM-he manuSya ! jise tU mAranA cAhatA hai, vaha bhI tere hI jaisA hai, terI taraha vaha bhI sukha dukha kA anubhava karatA hai / jise tU adhIna banAnA cAhatA hai / jise duHkha denA yA satAnA cAhatA hai vaha bhI to tere hI jaisA prANI hai, yahAM Akara vizva ekatA yA mAnava ekatA ke dvAra svataH khula jAte haiM, parantu Aja ye vikaTa rUpa meM banda haiM inheM kholane kI preraNA jainamata se milegI, mahAvIra ke nirdiSTa mArga para calane se hama apane abhISTa ko saMprApta kara sakate haiM, unhoMne kahA hai-dANANa seTTha abhayapyayANaM arthAt donoM meM sabase zreSTha hai abhayadAna / hama abhaya kA, nirbhaya kA vAtAvaraNa vizva meM kAyama kreN| bhaya kI maujUdagI meM koI dharma nahIM Thahara pAyegA, vaha sthAyitva prApta nahIM kara sakatA / bhaya hameM nIce girAtA hai, adhaHpatana kI ora dhakelatA hai / jaba hama svayaM Darate haiM tabhI dUsaroM ko DarAne kA upakrama karate haiM / nirbhaya hone para hI hama satya ke, viveka ke mArga ke rAhI bana sakate haiM / ahaMkAra bhI viSamatA aura vairabhAva kA abhivarddhana karatA hai / ahaMkAra vaza manuSya na jAne kitane anartha karatA hai, jAti, samAja aura rASTra ke hitoM kA hanana karatA hai. vizva zAMti ke mArga kA avarodhaka banatA hai / Aja sarvatra sAmAjika vaSamya, Arthika vaiSamya, vaicArika vaiSamya, mAnasika vaiSamya se ekatA kA vAtAvaraNa paridUSita ho rahA hai / jainamata Atmahita kI sImA kA atikramaNa kara lokahita kI zreSThatA aura varIyatA kA pratipAdana karatA hai / upAdhyAya amara muni kA kahanA hai "jaina darzana kI nivRtti kA marma yahI hai ki vyaktigata jIvana meM nivRtti aura sAmAjika jIvana meM pravRtti / lokasevaka yA janasevaka apane vyaktigata svArthoM evaM dvandvoM se dUra raheM, yaha jaina darzana kI AcArasaMhitA kA pahalA pATha hai / apane vyaktigata jIvana meM maryAdAhIna bhoga aura AkAMkSAoM se nivRtti lekara hI samAja kalyANa ke lie pravRtta honA jainadarzana kA pahalA nItidharma hai| jainamata meM sarvodaya kI, sabake kalyANa kI bAta para jyAdA jora diyA gayA hai, yahI mAnavatAvAda hai| jahAM taka ho sake dUsare ke duHkha ko kama kiyA jaae|" pAkistAna ke prasiddha kavi phaija ahamada

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52 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM 'phaija' ne bhI isI prakAra ke zabda dillI meM apanI 70vIM varSagAMTha ke samAroha meM vyakta kiye---"maiM cAhatA hUM ki duniyA meM duHkha jitanA kama ho sake utanA acchA hai| hameM hamezA insAna kI khuziyoM meM ijAphA karane kI koziza karanI caahie|" aura jainadharma kA bhI yahI saMdeza hai| isI saMdeza dvArA hama vizva ekatA, mAnava ekatA kI bhAvanA ko sudRr3ha banA sakate haiN| mahAvIra kA saMdeza hai-kisI ko mAnakara mata calo, satya kI dizA meM anekAnta kA upayoga kro| anekAnta kA Azaya hai-kisI vastu ko eka dRSTi se mata dekho| apanI pUrva dhAraNA ke dRSTikoNa se mata dekho| vastu meM jo hai use hI dekho aura jitane vastu dharma haiM utane hI dRSTikoNoM se dekho| yahAM Akara rAga-dveSa ke bandhana TUTa jAte haiM, samatvabhAva kI kallolinI unmatta hokara pravAhita hone lagatI hai| matAgraha se sAMpradAyikatA ke jhakkar3a calate haiM, matAMdhatA kI AMdhI uThatI hai jisase dRSTi dhUmila ho jAtI hai / samyakadRSTi kA lopa ho jAtA hai| anekAMtavAda meM na pUrvadhAraNA hai, na matAgraha hai yahAM to vastu kA hama sApekSa dRSTi se nirIkSaNa-parIkSaNa karate haiM / yahI sarvadharmasabhAva tathA vaicArika sahiSNutA kI sukhada bhAvadhArA pravAhita karane vAlA siddhAMta hai / virodhI satyoM meM sAmaMjasya sthApita karane vAlA hai, saha-astitva kI saMskRti kA janaka hai| anekAnta kA pramukha prayojana hai paraspara virodhI dRSTigocara hone vAle do dharmoM, vicAroM, matoM, siddhAMtoM kA sApekSabhAva siddha krnaa| pAzcAtya vicArakoM-zilara, vhAihaiDa, AiMsTIna Adi anekAntavAda yA sApekSavAda ke prazaMsaka haiM / jainadharma parasparopagraho jIvAnAm kA pracAra hai, yahAM hama ekatA aura sauhArda kI bhUmi meM praveza karate haiN| sabhI prANiyoM ke sAtha prema va sadbhAva kI preraNA isI maMtra meM chipI hai| jAtIya bhedabhAva ragonasla kA imatiyAja yahAM khuda hI samApta ho jAtA hai| saha-astitva bahuta bar3I sacAI hai| isa sacAI ke Aloka meM vartamAna rAjanItikavAdoM, sAmAjika paddhatiyoM aura saMskRtiyoM kI vyAkhyA kara hama aneka virodhAbhAsoM ko samanvaya meM badala sakate haiM, saMgharSoM ko zAMti aura maitrI ke rUpa meM parivartita kara sakate haiM / (yuvAcArya mahAprajJa) jainadharma ne AtmAnuzAsana pradAna kiyaa| usakI bhASA ahiMsA aura apari graha kI bhASA hai / Aja usI bhASA ko par3hane, doharAne kI AvazyakatA hai| jitanI ahiMsA bar3hegI, prema bar3hegA, aparigraha bar3hegA utanA hI manuSya kI, deza aura samAja kI viSamatA dUra hogI aura ekatA evaM samAnatA kA navIna rAjamArga tayAra hogA, vizva-bodha kI bhAvanA kA nayA sUrya milegaa| paraMtu jainamata kI isa samanvaya yA ekatA ke sUtra ko zabdoM se nahIM antarAtmA kI anubhUti se prApta karanA hogA, yahI AMtarika anubhUti mAnavatA kI khoja hai, vizva ekatA kA dvAra hai / vizva kI saMskRti manuSya mAtra kI saMskRti rahI hai|

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vizva ekatA vizva kA AkAza eka hai| usake nIce rahane vAle sabhI mAnava eka haiN| unakI saMskRti eka hai| deza, kAla evaM paristhitiyoM ke prabhAva se bhinna dezoM kI saMskRti meM thor3A bahuta antara avazya pratIta hotA hai parantu sukhada zAMti ke tattva usameM surakSita haiM / 'vasudhaiva kuTambakam' yaha saMskRti kA atyanta udAra, sArvabhauma vikasita rUpa hai jahAM usameM eka ora vizva-maMtrI ke bhAva surakSita haiM, vahAM ahiMsA parama dharma kI pratiSThA bhI hai|

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anuzAsana : vividha AyAma sApekSa dRSTi se vastuoM aura samasyAoM kA adhyayana aura manana kiyA jAya to koI sthAyI evaM sarvagrAhI samAdhAna khojA jA sakatA hai; parantu Aja hamArI dRSTi meM patrAgraha adhika rahatA hai; isI se samasyAeM sulajhane ke bajAya ulajhatI jAtI haiN| sabhI kSetroM meM azAMti hai, avyavasthA hai - saMsada se lekara sar3akoM taka eka ajIva taraha kI ApA-dhApI hai, bhAgadaur3a hai, halacala hai, becanI hai / saMsada ho yA rAjyoM kI vidhAnasabhAeM vahAM kI kAryavAhI ko dekhiye, mantriyoM, sadasyoM ke vyavahAra kA nirIkSaNa kiijie| vahAM eka dUsare para kIcar3a hI nahIM uchAlI jAtI, una para doSAropaNa hI nahIM kiyA jAtA, vyaktigata AkSepa ke zara-saMdhAna hI nahIM kiye jAne balki khUba jUtiyAM calatI haiM, hAthApAI aura boladhappA hotA hai / bar3I hI niMdanIya aura lajjAjanaka sthiti hotI hai vahAM, parantu hamAre ye mAnanIya sadasya yA maMtrIgaNa masta haiM / phira Apa kaise AzA kareMge ki ye deza ke karNadhAra banakara deza ko pragati unnati ke mArga para le jAne kI kSamatA rakhate haiM / yaha mAnA ki kucha maMtrIgaNa yA sadasya maryAdA evaM anuzAsana ke prati ati sajaga haiM, magara adhikatara to apane karttavya ke prati udAsIna rahate haiN| cInI dArzanika lAotse ne kahA thA ki rAjA ko agara kaMcana se to samAja meM corI koI nahIM karegA / rAjA havA hai, janatA dhAna kA paudhA / havA jidhara ko bahatI hai paudhA udhara jhuka jAtA hai / aura hai bhI yahI sthiti / hamAre maMtrIgaNa yA vidhAna sabhA, saMsada ke sadasyoM ke kaMcana - moha ko dekhie / phira janatA meM yadi kAle dhana ke prati, smagaliMga ke prati moha bar3hatA hai to isameM AzcaryaM kyA ? Akhira usa moha ko aMkurita hone ke lie khAna-pAnI kahAM se milatA hai ? kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki hamAre netAoM meM anuzAsana aura maryAdA kI kamI hai, jisakA kuprabhAva samAja aura jAti para par3e binA nahIM rahatA / kitanA lajjAspada evaM ghRNita bAta hai ki pradhAnamaMtrI ke jahAja ke tAra kATa kara use durghaTanAgrasta karane kA maMsUbA apraila ke anta meM banAyA gayA / ise anuzAsanahInatA kA kitanA ghinaunA kAryaM kahA jAyegA / yadi sAmAjika stara para anuzAsanahInatA dekhanI ho to kadama-kadama meM usakA raktaraMjita rUpa hatyAkANDa, DakaitI, basa-rela lUTanA, sAmpradAyika daMge, harijanoM para DhAye jAne vAle atyAcAra, kitane hI rUpoM meM use dekhA jA sakatA hai / ghRNA ho jAya,

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anuzAsana : vividha AyAma anuzAsana aura maryAdA kisI prakAra kA baMdhana nahIM, yaha to mukti kA upakrama hai| hama yadi sabhI kAryoM ko saMyama se, anuzAsana se, maryAdA se, niyama se kareM to na kevala kArya ko sugama aura zIghratApUrvaka pUrA kara sakate haiM, balki dUsaroM ke lie anAvazyaka paMdA kI jAne vAlI parezAniyoM ke doSa se baca sakate haiM / yaha to svabhAvagata honA cAhie / prakRti ke sabhI padArtha anuzAsita haiM, maryAdA athavA saMyama meM baMdhe haiN| sUrya samaya para udaya aura asta hotA hai. mausamoM meM nizcita samaya para parivartana hotA hai, vRkSoM ke patte pItavarNa hokara samaya para gira par3ate haiM, samaya para usameM pallava vikasita hote haiM, phUla aura phala Ate haiN| yaha sakala prakriyA eka anuzAsana meM, niyamAnusAra hotI hai / prakRti ke padArthoM meM yadi kisI prakAra kA anuzAsana bhaMga ho jAya, ve apanI maryAdA yA saMyama kA bahiSkAra kara deM to phira dekhiye kitanA aniSTa hogA, vinAza-lIlA hogii| yahI bAta samAja para, manuSya para lAgU hotI hai| dinakarajI ne kahA hai, "prajAtantra kA anuzAsana DhIlA hotA hai, aura kAnUna unake udAra hote haiM itane udAra ki unakA phAyadA aparAdhI bhI uThAtA hai / zaharoM aura dehAtoM meM jo badaamanI bar3ha rahI hai, usakA kAraNa yahI hai ki kAnUna udAra hai aura usakI prakriyA aparAdhiyoM kI sahAyatA karatI hai / janatA sabase pahale samAja meM zAnti aura surakSA cAhatI hai, magara aparAdhI jaba daNDita nahIM kiye jA sakate athavA ve UcI jagahoM para Adara aura satkAra pAte haiM, taba prajAtantra kA mukadamA kamajora ho jAtA hai|" ataH anuzAsana kI, zAnti aura surakSA kI sthiti banAne ke lie daNDavyavasthA anivArya hai| hamezA ahiMsA aura kSamA se samAja kA hita nahIM ho sktaa| nyAya yA kAnUna sabake lie barAbara honA cAhie, koI inase bar3A nahIM / "mahAbhArata'' ke zAntiparva meM rAjA ko duSToM va samAja ke anaitika tattvoM kA damana karane ke lie daNDa dhAraNa karanA Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| daNDahIna rAjA ke rAjya meM zAnti sthApita nahIM ho sakatI / daNDa ke dvArA dharma, artha aura karma kI anuprApti saMbhava hai| tulasI ne spaSTataH ghoSaNA ko-' jAsu rAja priya prajA dukhArI / so nRpa avasa naraka adhikArI / / rAma ne maryAdAhIna rAvaNa ko anuzAsita kiyA, use daNDita kara sItA ko vimukta kiyaa| unakA rAjya-parityAga bhI anuzAsana evaM maryAdA kI rakSArtha thA, sItA ke parityAga meM bhI lokamaryAdA kA sammAna sannihita anuzAsana ko do vargoM meM vibhAjita kara sakate haiM : (ka) bAhya anuzAsana (kha) bAntarika anuzAsana jahAM taka bAhya anuzAsana kA sambandha hai, use hama manuSyoM meM,

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adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM samAja meM, deza meM sthApita karanA cAhate haiM, yA usakA rUpa ina vibhinna kSetroM meM vikasita aura sadhita dekhanA cAhate haiN| manuSya kA aneka saMsthAoM se, kArobArI kendroM se, kAryAlayoM se sambandha hotA hai, yA usakA Aye dina inase kAma par3atA rahatA hai / yahAM eka manuSya jaba dUsare manuSya ke saMparka meM AtA hai, usake sAtha vyavahAra karatA hai to bahuta bAra usakA anuzAsanahIna aura amaryAdita rUpa dekhane meM AtA hai, aura kabhI-kabhI to use pazuvat dekhA jAtA hai| ataH azAnti aura saMgharSa kA sUtrapAta hotA hai, vyakti vyakti se TakarAtA hai aura phira vaha anartha eka jvAlAmukhI ke rUpa meM phUTakara samAja ke vinAza kA kAraNa banatA hai / Aja rizvatakhorI, vastuoM meM milAvaTa, jamAkhorI, kRtrima maMhagAI, smagaliMga Adi rUpoM meM dhokhAdhar3I yA beImAnI kA abhizApa samAja meM dhuna kI taraha lagA hai| isakA kAraNa anuzAsana yA kartavyaparAyaNatA kI kamI hai| vastutaH anuzAsana, maryAdA aura kartavyaniSThA-ye tInoM paryAya haiM, eka hI bhAgIrathI kI tIna dhArAeM haiN| ina kriyAoM kA sukhada sammilana tIrtharAja prayAga kI saMracanA kara sakatA hai / parantu hama dekhate haiM ki manuSya apane ko samRddha banAne ke lie kursI, zakti, cATukAritA kI naI triveNI bahA rahA hai, phira saMgharSa ke lie rAstA svataH khula jAtA hai| hama dekhate haiM ki loga netAoM kI parikramA karate rahate haiM, unakI cApalUsI meM jamIna-AsamAna ke kulAve milAne kI koziza karate haiM / na hama svArtha tyAga pAte haiM, na hamAre pUjya netAgaNa / lAotse ne kucha aura hI bAta kahI hai-sabase acche rAjA ve haiM, janatA jinakA kevala nAma sunatI hai| unase nimna ve haiM jinakI janatA ko kadama-kadama para jarUrata par3atI hai|" kaisI viDambanA hai ki hama kisI vyAkhyAnamAlA kA udghATana, kisI pustaka kA vimocana aise netA yA maMtrI se karAte haiM jisakA par3hane-likhane se koI sambandha nhiiN| usane kisI bhAratIya vidvAna kI pustaka ko kabhI hAtha meM nahIM liyaa| phira bhalA usase hameM kyA jJAnaloka milegaa| hAM, "arthaloka" avazya hAtha laga sakatA hai / aisI sthiti meM hameM anuzAsana yA maryAdA ko dUra se salAma karanA pdd'egaa| yahAM yaha nahIM samajha lenA cAhie ki hameM apane logoM kA-jJAnI saMtAtmAoM kA sammAna nahIM karanA caahie| hama bhalA jJAnI-mahAtmAoM, tapaH-pUta RSiyoM ko, jJAnacetA mahApuruSoM ko kaise chor3a sakate haiM ! yadi unakA apamAna kareMge to hameM bhI apamAnita honA par3egA apamAna hate have tAhAdera savAra samAna (Taigaura) Aja jAti-pAMti, AcAra-vicAra, rAjanaitika matavAda kitanI hI virodhI bhAvanAoM kA caturdika prasaraNa hai / manuSya ulajhana ke nibir3a nirjana meM phaMsA hai / siddhAMtoM aura AdarzoM kI dhuMAdhAra bahasa hotI hai, sabhI apanA

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anuzAsana : vividha AyAma palar3A bhArI banAnA cAhate haiM aura siddhAMtoM kI isa aMdherI koTharI meM AdamI kho gayA hai, usakA kahIM sthAna nahIM / deza kI samasyAeM alaga par3I rahatI haiN| Aja hameM sabhI bhedabhAva bhUlakara, manuSya ko usakA sahI sthAna dene kA saMkalpa lenA cAhie / kavIndra ravIndra ne bhI bhArata-tIrtha meM gayA hai ki bhArata ke mahAmAnava rUpI sAgara ke tIra para naradevatA ke abhiSeka ke lie sabhI bhedabhAva bhUlakara he samasta bhAratavAsI Arya, anArya, hindU-musalamAna aura krizciyana - tuma Ao ! gurudeva ne Izvara ko eka naitika puruSa mAnA hai / naitika puruSa meM hI saMyama, maryAdA aura anuzAsana pAyA jAtA hai / ye bhI naitikatA ke lakSaNa haiM / yahAM hamArI anuzAsana kI avadhAraNA Antarika rUpa dhAraNa kara letI hai / Antarika anuzAna meM AtmasaMyama aura Atmanigraha ke sAtha dUsare vikAroM ke nivAraNa kI bAta bhI A jAtI hai / 'mahAbhArata' meM bhISma mahArAja yudhiSThara ko zikSA dete haiM--gaNoM meM, kuloM tathA rAjAoM meM vaira kI agni prajvalita karane vAle ye do doSa haiM - ( 1 ) lobha ( 2 ) amarSa / pahale eka manuSya ke mana meM lobha utpanna hotA hai, phira dUsare ke mana meM amarSa / aura ye manuSya dhana-jana kI bhArI kSati uThAkara eka dUsare ke vinAza para utArU ho jAte haiM / Aja yahI lobha aura amarSa kI kuvRttiyAM manuSya ko eka dUsare kA jAnI duzmana banAe hai / vyaktigata jhagar3oM meM ulajhe vyakti na kevala apanA vinAza karate haiM, parantu ve samAja ko bhI rasAtala kI ora le jAte haiM | liMkana ne kahA thA - vyaktigata jhagar3A bilakula na karo / jisa vyakti ko unnati yA zreSThatA prApta karanI hai, vaha vyaktigata jhagar3e ke lie vyartha samaya barabAda nahIM karegA / kutte se kATe jAne kI apekSA acchA hai ki use rAstA de diyA jaay| Aja hama rAstA na dekara dUsaroM kA rAstA rokate haiM, aura apane hI lie musIbatoM ko AmaMtrita karate haiM / hama dUsaroM ko halkA banAne kI apekSA khuda bhArI hote jA rahe haiM, durbhAvanAoM kI gaTharI ke bojha se dabe jA rahe haiM / vivekahInatA hI yaha pariNAma hai / eka gadhe ke pAnI meM baiThane se namaka kI borI halkI ho jAtI, dUsarA ruI vAlA gadhA apane ko halkA karane ke lie jaba pAnI meM baiThatA hai to bhArI ho jAtA hai / use isakA viveka nahIM rahA ki mere Upara ruI hai / manuSya kA dharma to yaha hai ki vaha svayaM halkA bane, dUsaroM ko halkA banane meM sahAyatA kare / apane mana ko rAgadveSa, lobha ghRNA hiMsA atyAcAra se mukta rakhe, dUsaroM ko mukta hone meM sahAyatA de / bure saMskAroM ko chor3anA maryAdA kI, anuzAsana kI ora jAnA hai / yuvAcArya mahAprajJa ne kahA hai - "kriyamANa hiMsA utanI hiMsA nahIM hotI, jitanI ki smRti kI hiMsA hotI hai / vartamAna kI jo ghaTanA hai vaha hiMsA to hai hI, kintu vaha hiMsA kA mUla nahIM / hiMsA kA mUla hai smRti / yadi mana 57

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58 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM meM hiMsA kA saMskAra na ho aura hiMsA kA saMskAra smRti ke rUpa meM jAgRta na ho to vartamAna kI hiMsA koI kara nahIM sakatA / " ataH hamArI smRti dhuMdhalI aura hamAre saMskAra dUSita nahIM hone cAhie / hameM use zuddha, pavitra aura zubha karmoM meM lagAnA cAhie, parahita kI ora unmukha karanA cAhie, kyoMki 'parahita sarisa dharama nahIM bhAI, para pIr3ana sama nahIM adhamAI / ' parapIr3ana kI bAta asaMyama ke, maryAdA ke anuzAsanahInatA ke kAraNa utpanna hotI hai / bhartRhari kahate haiM manasi varcAsa kAye puNyapIyUSapUrNA stribhuvanamupakArazreNibhiH prINayataH paraguNaparamANUn parvatIkRtya nityaM nija hRdi vikasantaH santi santaH kiyantaH / arthAt jisakA mana, vacana aura kAya pavitratA rUpa pIyUSa se pUrNa hai, aura jo rAta-dina upakAraparAyaNa rahakara tIna loka ko prasanna rakhate haiN| kisI meM paramANu pramANa guNa ho to parvatAkAra varNana karane meM jinheM sukha milatA hai, jinakA hRdaya praphulla hone ke lie dUsare meM guNa hI DhUMDhatA rahatA hai, saMsAra meM aise ziSTAcAra-parAyaNa puruSa kitane haiM / paigambare islAma to pharamAte haiM ki sabase acchA musalamAna vaha hai jisakA akhalAka sabase acchA ho aura jisake hAthoM usakA par3ausI saMrakSita ho, surakSita ho / yahI kartavyaniSThA hai, maryAdA aura anuzAsanapriyatA hai / anuzAsana dUsare ke lie nahIM, apane lie ho / hameM pahale sva ko anuzAsita karanA cAhie, taba hama dUsaroM ko anuzAsana kI ora le jAne kI bAta kaha sakate haiM / hama svayaM jaba anuzAsanahIna haiM to dUsaroM ko kaise anuzAsita banA sakate haiM ? aura yadi saba apane-apane sthAna para anuzAsita, maryAdita, saMyamita hoM to phira sukha-samRddhi ke banda dvAra svayameva khula jAyege / gAMdhIjI kA vyaktitva, unakA jIvana anuzAsana kA pratIka hai / unhoMne pahale svayaM ko anuzAsana meM bAMdhA, aura bAda jo bhI unake samparka meM AyA vaha khuda-ba-khuda anuzAsana meM baMdhatA calA gayA / anuzAsana cAhe bAhya ho yA Antarika, vaha vyakti ko zAsana meM, saMyama meM rakhane kA kAma karatA hai / vyakti deza, kAla aura paristhitiyoM ke pariprekSya meM niyama-nirdhAraNa karatA hai, niyama hI samAja ko suvyavasthA pradAna karate haiM, ataH suvyavasthA hI anuzAsana hai / anuzAsana se samAja aura deza kI unnati pragati prasRta dikhegI / isase vizvAsa aura yogyatA kA abhinirvatana hotA hai, viSamatA kA hanana aura samatA kA saMpoSaNa hotA hai / elAcArya muni vidyAnaMda jI ne niyaMtraNa ko anuzAsana mAnA hai / unakA vicAra hai -- " manuSya para samAja aura saMvidhAna kA niyaMtraNa hai, RtuoM para kAla kA niyaMtraNa hai aura bar3hatI huI nadiyoM para taToM kA niyaMtraNa

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anuzAsana : vividha AyAma hai / anuzAsana se jIvana durghaTanAoM se bacatA hai, gantavyoM ko pA letA hai aura UMce uThane ke avasara prApta karatA hai / anuzAsana kI lagAma ghor3e ke muMha para lagI huI hai, usake sahAre vaha ThIka calatA hai| binA aMkuza kA hAthI aura anuzAsanarahita samAja vinAza kI ora le jAtA hai|" gAMdhI bAra-bAra rAma-rAjya kI bAta karate the, vaha isalie ki rAmarAjya kartavyaniSThA aura anuzAsana kI bhitti para khar3A hai| 'mAnasa' meM tulasI ne jisa rAmarAjya kA citrAMkana kiyA hai vahAM sarvodaya aura sarvajanahita kA Adarza vidyamAna hai| sabhI nara-nArI, bAla vRddha, svAmI-sevaka, rAjA-prajA apane-apane kartavya ke prati saceta haiM / koI adhikAra kI bAta nahIM kahatA, dUsare ke kartavya kI ora bhI koI uMgalI nahIM uThAtA, saba apane-apane dharma ko, kartavya ko pUrNa AsthA evaM niSThA se parisampanna karate haiN| acchI taraha kiye gaye dUsare ke kAma se apanA sAdhAraNa-sA kAma kahIM adhika zreSTha aura mahAn hotA hai-'zreyAn svadharmo viguNaH paradharmAt svanuniSThitAt" (gotA) / jahAM karttavyaniSThA hotI hai vahAM adhikAroM kI saMprApti meM bAdhA nahIM pdd'tii| kartavyapAlana adhikAra prApti kA dvAra kholatA hai-"karmaNyevAdhikAraste / " Aja hama kattaMvyavimukha hokara adhikAroM kA rAga adhika alApate haiM / pazcimI dezoM se hamane bahuta-sI bAteM sIkhIM, parantu jo nahIM sIkhI, vaha hai anuzAsana / pazcimI deza hama se adhika anuzAsana priya haiN| vahAM rela yA basa meM car3hane kI itanI bhAgadaur3a nahIM hotI jitanI yahAM hotI hai / hama samaya ke mUlya ko nahIM samajhate, pauruSa ko bhUla baiThe haiN| niyama, saMyama yA anuzAsana se dUra hote jA rahe haiM / yadi anuzAsana bhArata meM kahIM hai to senA meM, jisa para hamArA garvonnata honA sahaja hai / kAza ! isa prakAra kI kartavyaniSThA, anuzAsanapriyatA hamAre jIvana meM utara aaye| phira hama acirAt unnata dezoM kI zreNI meM sthAna pA sakate haiM /

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dharma-darzana

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mAnava-dharma aura asAmpradAyika dRSTi urdU ke prasiddha kavi DaoN. muhammada ikabAla (1877-1937) ne apanI kavitA 'tasvIre-darda' (bAMgedarA) meM sAmpradAyika bhAvanA kI viSAktatA se bhAratavAsiyoM ko varSoM pUrva saceta kiyA thaa| usa kavitA kI prAsaMgikatA Aja bhI vidyamAna hai / vaha sabhI bhAratavAsiyoM ko sAvadhAna karate hue kahate haiM rulAtA hai terA najjArA e hindostAM mujhako, ki ibaratakhaMja hai terA phasAnA saba phasAnoM meM / vatana kI phikra kara nAdAM ! musIbata Ane vAlI hai, terI barabAdiyoM ke mazavare haiM AsamAnoM meM / na samajhoge to miTa jAoge e hindostAM vAloM, tumhArI dAstAM taka mI na hogI dAstAnoM meM / taAssuba chor3a nAdAM ! dahara ke AInA khAne meM, yaha tasvIreM haiM terI jinako, samajhA hai burA tUne / zajara hai phirakA ArAI, taAssuba hai samara usakA, yaha vo phala hai ki jannata se nikalavAtA hai Adama ko| (bAMgedarA) mahAkavi kI yaha cetAvanI Aja ke sAmpradAyika daMgoM meM jalatejhalasate bhArata ke lie dhyAtavya hai / hama saMkIrNa sAmpradAyikatA tathA dharmAdhatA ke pravAha meM bahakara na kevala apane Apako varana samAja tathA deza ko bhI DUbo sakate haiN| usakI ekatA aura akhaNDatA kA vikhaNDana kara sakate haiM, usakI pragati aura vikAsa kI gati meM avarodha paidA kara sakate haiM, usakI sAmAjika saMskRti (kampojiTa kalcara) ko nestanAbata kara sakate haiM. usakI 'vasudhaiva kuTumbakam' kI bhAvanA para baTTA lagA sakate haiM, usakI udArazIlatA tathA vizAlahRdayatA kA galA ghoTa sakate haiM / hamArA vaha rAstA nahIM hai jisa para hiMsA, dveSa, vaimanasya kA murADA lekara cala rahe haiM, hamArA rAstA vizAla tathA prazasta hai / vaha rAjamArga hai prema kA, ahiMsA kA, samatA kA, udArazIlatA kA, bhAIcAre kA, bandhutva kA, sneha aura sahAnubhUti kA / Aja jise dekhate haiM hAtha meM hI nahIM jabAna meM bhI churI dabAe hai| yaha mAnavatA vaha nahIM jisake lie bhArata kI vizva meM khyAti rahI hai| bhArata ne to dUsaroM ko bhI gale se lagAyA hai aura Aja vaha apanoM se hI ghRNAspada

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64 adhyAtma ke paripAvaM meM vyavahAra kara rahA hai / hama hiMsA nahIM, ahiMsA ke dharma kA pAlana karane ke paidA hue haiN| hAM, itanA jarUra hai ki hamArI ahiMsA hamArI durbalatA yA kAyaratA nahIM, yaha hamAre pauruSa kA, bala kA, dhairya kA, sahiSNutA kA, sAhasa kA pratIka hai / hamane ahiMsA ko parama dharma mAnA hai / yahI to mAnavadharma hai / jaba rAmakiMkara tulasIdAsa jI kahate haiM parahita sarisa dharama nahIM bhAI / parapIr3ana sama nahIM adhamAI // to vaha mAnava-dharma kI hI bAta kahate haiM / hajAroM varSa pUrva race gaye 'mahAbhArata' meM ahiMsA kA vizadatA se pratipAdana kiyA hai| hamane use dharma mAnA hai jo dhAraNa karatA hai| manuSya ko, samAja ko anuzAsana, saMyama meM rakhakara vyavasthita karatA hai / vaizezika darzana meM kahA gayA hai ki jo bAhya tathA AbhyAntarika abhyudaya tathA zreSThatA kA kalyANakArI mArga hai vaha dharma hai / manu ne samasta prANiyoM meM samatva kA dharma mAnA hai, pratIka ko dharma kA kAraNa nahIM mAnA (samaH sarveSa bhUteSu na liMga dhrmkaarnnm)| smRtikAra ne dharma ke dasa lakSaNa nirdhArita kiye haiM dhRtiH kSamAdamosteya zaucamindriya nigrahaH / dhIvidyA satyamakrodhAdazakaM dharma lakSaNam / / dhairya, kSama, saMyama, asteya, zRddhatA, indriyanigraha, viveka, vidyA, satya aura akrodha ye dasa dharma ke lakSaNa haiM, zAzvata dharma-lakSaNa bhI inheM kaha sakate haiM / jaina saMskRti meM kSamA, mArdava, mArjava, satya, zauca aura saMyama ko mAnavadharma kahA gayA hai / manuSya ko pazujAti se pRthak karane vAlA dharma hI hai| nahIM to AhAra, nindrA, bhaya aura maithuna ye saba bAteM manuSya aura pazu meM samAna pAI jAtI haiM / jisa manuSya meM dharma nahIM vaha pazu ke samAna hI hai AhAranidrAbhayamaithunaM ca sAmAnyametat pazubhirnarANAn / dharmohi teSAmadhiko vizeSo dharmeNahInAH pazubhiH samAnAH / / . (hitopadeza) zrImadbhAgavata purANa meM bhakta kahatA hai mujhe mokSa nahIM cAhie / mujhe sAmrAjya bhI nahIM cAhie / jo dukhI jIva hai unake duHkha kA nivAraNa kara sakU, yahI mAnava-dharma hai / manuSya manuSya ke sukha-duHkha meM sahAyaka ho, usameM dUsaroM ke prati karuNA, sahAnubhUti kI bhAvanA ho aura sabhI ke prati samatA, bhAIcAre kA bhAva ho / jo dUsare kA zoSaNa kara sukha-suvidhAoM kA sAmrAjya juTAtA hai vaha manuSya kahe jAne kA adhikArI nahIM / dUsare ko abhAvArNava meM dhakelakara svayaM sukha caina se rahanA mAnavIya vyavahAra nahIM kahA jA sktaa| gurunAnaka zoSaNa ke viruddha the| unhoMne kahA hai--"jo manuSya jhUTha bolakara dUsaroM kA haka mAratA hai tathA isake viparIta samajhatA hai aise upadezakartA

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mAnava-dharma aura asAmpradAyika dRSTi 65 sAthiyoM ko kI kalaI khula jAtI hai / vaha svayaM to ThagA ho jAtA hai apane mI luTavAtA hai / yadi kapar3e para khUna laga jAe to vaha apavitra ho jAtA hai parantu jo manuSya kA khuna pIte haiM - dUsaroM kA zoSaNa karate haiM unakA citta kisa prakAra nirmala raha sakatA hai !" kahate haiM gurunAnaka ne dhanI vyakti ke yahAM usa samaya bhojana karane se manA kara diyA thA jaba usakI pUr3iyoM ko hAtha meM lekara dabAyA to unase khUna Tapakane lagA thA / yaha thI usa dhanI vyakti kI zoSaNArjita kamAI / zoSaNa dharma ke, mAnavatA ke pratikUla hai / ahiMsA, zAnti, Antarika pavitratA, saha-astitva, mAnavIya ekatA sAmpradAyika sadbhAvanA, prema, karuNA, saMyama, mAnavadharma hai / bhASA jAti, sampradAya, prAnta se Upara uThakara zoSaNa vihIna samAja kI saMracanA karanA mAnava-dharma hai | maMdira-masjida yA gurudvAre meM jAnA dharma kA bAhya rUpa hai, isameM bheda ho sakatA hai, lekina dharma ke Antarika svarUpa meM koI bhedabhAva nahIM, vahAM samAnatA hai / kurAna zarIpha meM kahA gayA hai - nekI yaha nahIM ki tuma apane cehare ko pUrva kI ora karo yA pazcima kI ora, balki nekI yaha hai ki AdamI allAha ko mAne - sacce dila se usakI sattA meM vizvAsa kare, antima dina ( nyAya ke dina ) ko aura phariztoM ko, allAha kI bhejI huI kitAba ( kurAna zarIpha) ko tathA usake saMdezavAhaka (paigambara sAhaba ) ko mAne / aura allAha ke prema meM apanA dhana kharca kare, use nAtedAroM para, anAthoM para, nirdhanoM para, musAphiroM ( bhikhAriyoM) para sahAyatArtha hAtha phailAne vAloM para, gulAmoM (dAsa) kI rihAI para kharca kare / namAja par3he aura dAna de, khairAta kare / aura neka ve loga haiM jo vacana deM, use pUrA kareM aura taMgI vipatti ke samaya meM, satya aura asatya ke yuddha meM dhairya rakheM / " jaba hama bhArata kI dizA kA avalokana karate haiM to dekhate haiM logoM meM anAsthA, aviveka, anaitikatA, dveSa, IrSyA, vera, azraddhA, ahiMsA, saMkIrNa sAmpradAyikatA kA hI vistAra milatA hai / yaha saccA bhArata nahIM hai / jo bhArata naitikatA-vihIna ho vaha asala bhArata nahIM / Aja AsthA tathA naitikatA kA abhAva hai / dUsarI ora bhArata meM rAjanIti bhI anaitikatA ke sahAre khar3I | naitikatA zUnya rAjanIti, hitakara nahIM hotI / Aja jo AdamI dhArmika dikhAI detA hai, usameM naitikatA kA abhAva hai / havA kucha aisI cala rahI hai ki loga dharma aura rAjanIti ko eka kara rahe haiM / rAjanIti meM naitikatA ho, dharma ho to ThIka hai, lekina dharma ko rAjanIti meM zAmila karanA khataranAka hotA hai / dharma ke nAma para -- ' islAma khatare meM hai' yA 'hindU dharma khatare meM hai' aise nAre lagAkara voTa kI rAjanIti calAnA deza ke hita meM nahIM kahA jA sakatA / hindU rASTra kI avadhAraNA burI bAta

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adhyAtma ke paripAvaM meM nahIM hai / jahAM 80 pratizata hindU rahate hoM usa deza ko "hindU rASTra" kA abhidhAna denA anucita nahIM kahA jA sakatA / lekina hameM hindU ko vyApaka artha denA hogA / 'hindU kA sambandha kisI sampradAya ke sAtha nahIM hai / usakA sambandha samAja, saMskRti, rASTrIyatA athavA bhAratIyatA ke sAtha hai|" yuvAcArya mahAprajJa kI yaha udAra dRSTi hindutva ko bhAratIyatA yA rASTrIyatA kA paryAya mAnatI hai / unakA yaha kathana bhI pUrNataH satya hai ki sampradAya kA sambandha apanI apanI dhArmika mAnyatA se jur3A hotA hai / mAtRbhUmi yA rASTrIyatA se usakA sambandha nahIM hai-hara sampradAya apane lie svatantra rASTra yA svAyatta zAsana kI kalpanA saMjoe hue hai / yadi vaha mAnasikatA AkAra le le to kisI vizAla rASTra kI kalpanA hI nahIM kI jA sakatI ?" sAmpradAyikatA ne bhArata kA jitanA ahita, aniSTa kiyA utanA kisI deza kA nahIM kiyaa| hindU. musalamAna donoM kI kaTTara sAmpradAyika bhAvanA kA pariNAma deza ke vibhAjana ke rUpa meM sAmane AyA aura 1947 ke pazcAt se Aja taka bhArata meM asaMkhya bAra, aneka nagaroM-gAMvoM meM sAmpradAyika daMge hote rahe haiM. Aja bhI ho rahe haiN| una daMgoM meM donoM sampradAya ke logoM kI bahumUlya jAneM gaIM, unake makAna, dukAna saba agnikANDa meM jalakara rAkha ho ge| bhArata meM sAmpradAyikatA kA viSa bar3A bhayAnaka hai| yaha 'AIDS' eDsa kI bhAMti jAnalevA roga bana cukA hai / jAti, sAmpradAya eka phuTabAla kI geMda bane hue haiM rAjanIti ke khela meM / bhArata kI rAjanIti meM una logoM kA abhAva khaTakatA hai jo caritra, jJAna, dRSTi (Vision) aura yogyatA (Calibre) se sampanna hote haiN| rAjanIti naitikatAvihIna hone se saMhAraka, aniSTakArI bana jAtA hai / usameM niraMkuzatA hotI hai / dharma ko rAjanIti meM khIMcatAna lAne vAle svayaM to dharma se dUra hote haiM aura logoM ko dharma ke nAma para lar3avAte haiN| rAmajanmabhUmi kA prazna bhI rAjanIti ne ulajhAkara rakha diyA, varanA rAmamaMdira banAne para bhalA kise etarAja hotA / rAma to bhArata kI asmitA ke pratIka haiM / bhAratIyatA meM jo zreSThatA hai vaha rAma ke bajUda ke kAraNa hI hai / DAkTara ikabAla ne ThIka kahA hai hai rAma ke vuda pe hindostA ko nAja, alahe-najara samajhate haiM usako imAme-hinda / ejAja isa cirAge-hidAyata kA hai yahI, rozanatara aja sahara hai jamAne meM zAme hinda / talavAra kA dhanI thA, zujAata meM pharda thA, pAkIjagI meM, joze-mUhabbata meM pharda thA / 1. AmaMtraNa Arogya ko-yuvAcArya mahApraja, pR0 70 2. AmaMtraNa Arogya ko---yuvAcArya mahAprajJa, pR0 70

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mAnava-dharma aura asAmpradAyika dRSTi tulasIdAsa ne isalie kahA hai ---- sIya rAma maya saba jaga jAnI, karahu pranAma jorI juga pAnI / rAma to bhArata ke kaNa-kaNa meM virAjamAna haiN| unhoMne kahA thA ki maiM na to baikuNTha meM hUM, na yogiyoM ke hRdaya meM hUM, jahAM kahIM merA bhakta mujhe pukAratA hai, merA nAma letA hai maiM vahIM hUM / rAjanIti ke khilAr3I rAma ke kaMdhe para baMdUka rakhakara apanA ullU sIdhA karate haiN| rAjanIti meM jaba taka naitikatA nahIM AyegI taba taka isa deza se sAmpradAyikatA kA viSa dUra nahIM hogA / Apa gAMdhIjI ke vyaktitva ko dekhie - vaha ApAdamastaka dharmamaya hai, naitikatA se sarAbora hai / vaha rAjanaitika puruSa the, magara unakI rAjanIti naitikatA kI baisAkhI ke sahAre calatI thI, unakA roma-roma dharmamaya thA tabhI to unake mukha se antima sAMsa lete 'rAma' zabda nikalA jabaki bar3e-bar3e mahAna yogI, dhyAnI antima samaya meM rAma kA nAma nahIM le pAte, unake mukha se rAma uccarita nahIM ho pAtA / gAMdhIjI kI samAdhi bhI dharma aura naitikatA kA pratIka hai, rASTrIyatA kA zubhratama svarUpa to vaha hai hI / unakI samAdhi para ukerA gayA hai Commerce without Ethics Pleasure with conscience Politics without principle Knowledge with Charactor Science with humanity Wealth without work Worship without sacrefice yaha bhAratIya saMskRti ke mUlya haiN| Aja hama gAMdhIjI dvArA nirdiSTa sAta pApoM se apane ko bacAkara nahIM rakha pA rahe haiM / gAMdhIjIne to dhUla se uThAkara logoM ko mAnava bnaayaa| hama eka tarapha bhASA vivAda khar3A karate haiM, dUsarI tarapha prAntIyatA kI, kSetrIyatA kI bhAvanA ko havA dete haiM, tIsarI tarapha jAtivAda kA paracama phaharAte haiM aura logoM se kahate haiM ki rASTrIya ekatA ko majabUta karo / rASTrIya ekatA kI jar3oM ko hama khuda kamajora banAeMge to rASTrIya ekatA kahAM se A pAyegI / yaha koI IMTa gAre se taiyAra nahIM hotI, yaha to logoM ke antaHkaraNa kI sArasvata bhAvanA hai / hamane svatantratA prApta kI jisakA artha manamAnI karanA nahIM, aisA karake hama apanI lambe saMgharSa se arjita svataMtratA kI rakSA nahIM kara sakeMge / svataMtratA yAnI 'iNDipeMDeMTa kA artha hai 'inTara - DipeMDeMTa'; hama eka-dUsare para nirbhara haiM, eka prAnta dUsare prAnta para eka jAti dUsarI jAti para, eka 67

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68 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM yojanA dUsarI yojanA para nirbhara hai| eka-dUsare para nirbhara rahakara sAtha-sAtha sahayoga karake, eka dUsare kA hita-sampAdana karake hama apane Apa ko, apane samAja ko, apane rASTra ko samRddha, unnata aura mahAna banA sakate haiM / hameM apane mana se barbaratA, hiMsA, dveSa, vairabhAva, ghaNA ko nikAlakara apanA tathA apane deza kA "ArvIkaraNa" karanA cAhie / "yaha bhArata hI hai jo sampUrNa vizva ke lie bhaviSya dharma kA avadAna degA, sanAtana dharma sabhI dharmoM ko ekAkAra karake, unameM samasvaratA paidA karake, darzana aura vijJAna ko samanvita karake vizva meM ekAtma kI pratiSThA hogii| naitikatA ke kSetra meM usI kA dAyitva hai ki vaha mAnavatA se mlecchatA aura barvaratA ko nikAlakara vizva ko Arya bnaayegaa| aisA karane ke lie sabase pahale use apanA ArgIkaraNa karanA hogaa|" sAmpradAyika dRSTi asahiSNu hotI hai| jahAM sahiSNutA hotI hai vahAM audArya dRSTi hotI hai aura jo udAracetA hotA hai usameM apane parAye kI saMkIrNatA nahIM hotii| usakA hRdaya vizAla hotA hai, vicAra mahAna hote haiM / Aja hamAre deza meM jo rAjanIti hai, jo sampradAya haiM, jo jAtiyAM haiM unameM sahanazIlatA kA abhAva hai| sahanazIlatA meM saha-astitva kI bhAvanA vidyamAna rahatI hai| jaba hama sarvadharma samanvaya yA sarvadharmasadbhAva kI bAta kahate haiM to usa samaya hama sahiSNutA kI, saha-astitva kI hI bhAvanA ko abhivyakta karate haiN| sAmpradAyika yA jAtIya bhedabhAva honA svAbhAvika hai, burA nahIM bazarte ki unameM dUsaroM ke prati virodha na ho, samabhAva kI dizA ho / samabhAva virodha yA pratyAkhyAna karatA hai aura sadbhAva kA vikAsa karatA hai| sadbhAva ke gavAkSa kholane kI Aja atyadhika AvazyakatA hai / AcAryazrI tulasI ne hamAre sAmane dharma-samanvaya kI paMcasUtrI rUparekhA prastuta kI jo bar3I sArthaka aura upayogI hai 1. maMDanAtmaka nIti baratanA aura apanI mAnyatA kA pratipAdana karate samaya dUsaroM para maukhika yA likhita AkSepa na lagAeM / 2. dUsaroM ke vicAroM ke prati sahiSNutA banAe rkheN| 3. kisI sampradAya ke prati ghRNA va tiraskAra kI bhAvanA kA pracAra na kreN| 4. sampradAya yA dharma parivartana ke lie dabAva na ddaaleN| 5. dharma ke maulika tathya-ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha ko jIvana vyApI bnaaeN| 1. kRNvanto vizvamAryam 2. uttara yogI-DaoN. zivaprasAda siMha, pR0 121

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mAnava-dharma aura asAmpradAyika dRSTi sadbhAva, sahiSNutA, maitrI, udAratA ke sahAre hama bar3hatI sAmpradAyikatA kA prazamana kara samAja ko, rASTra ko vinAza ke kagAra para jAne se bacA sakate haiN| Aja pArasparika sahayoga kI, pArasparika hita-sampAdana kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai / hamAre andara matAgraha itanA bar3ha gayA hai ki vaha ajJAnatA ke garta meM DhakelatA jA rahA hai| dUsaroM ko hama apane samAna samajhane ko tayAra nahIM, hamAre andara Atmopamya dRSTi kA abhAva hai| gItA meM kRSNa kA upadeza hai Atmaupamyena sarvatra samaM pazyati yo'juna / sukhaM vA yadi vA duHkhaM sa yogI parayo mataH / / (6-32) arthAt jo vyakti apane bhAMti sampUrNa bhUtoM meM sama dekhatA hai aura sukha yA dukha ko bhI saba meM sama dekhatA hai vaha parama zreSTha hai / isa prakAra kI Atmopamya dRSTi rakhane vAle satpuruSa kA abhAva hameM bAra-bAra usa samaya adhika khaTakatA hai jaba hiMsAtmaka upadrava hote haiM, manuSya manuSya kA khUna bahAne ko utArU hotA hai / 'Atmavat sarvabhUteSu yaH pazyati saH paNDitaH,' aise jJAnIjana kI hameM AvazyakatA hai, mahatI AvazyakatA hai / 'atharvaveda' meM bahuta hI sundara maMtra hai jisameM kahA gayA hai ki maiM tuma ko eka hRdayavAlA aura eka mana vAlA aura Apasa meM dveSa na rakhane vAlA sirajatA hUM / tuma saba eka-dUsare se milane ke lie prema se khicakara cale Ao jaise apane bachar3e kI tarapha gAya daur3I huI AtI hai / sahRdayaM somanasyamatridviSaM kaNomiSaH kanyo anyamabhi haryata vatsaM jAmlamivAdhanyA / hamAre andara saumanasyA kA abhAva hai. sauhArda kA abhAva hai| jitanA adhika dveSa, vairabhAva, dUrI, pRthakatAvAdI dRSTi rahegI utanA hI adhika samAja aura rASTra ke sAmane samasyAeM jaTila hotI jAyeMgI / maithilIzaraNa gupta kI vANI Aja bhI sArthaka aura paramopayogI hai-- . utpIr3ana anyAya kahIM ho, dRr3hatA sahita virodha kro| kintu virodha para bhI apane, karuNA karo, na krodha kro| na tana-sevA na mana-sevA, na jIvana aura dhana-sevA / hameM hai iSTa jana-sevA sadA saccI bhuvana-sevA // 0 0 0 AkRti varNa aura bahuM bheSa, ye saba nija vaicitrya vizeSa / DAlo antardRSTi nimeSa, dekho ahA ! eka hI prANa, vizva-bandhutA meM hai trANa / buddhijIvI varga yadi ekajuTa hokara ghRNA, dveSa, hiMsA, upadrava macAne

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adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM vAlI zaktiyoM kA deza-samAja virodhI tattvoM kA khulakara virodha kareM aura rAjanetA bhI unake svara meM svara milAye to koI kAraNa nahIM hama una tAmasika tathA rAkSasI zaktiyoM para vijaya na pA skeN| burAI kA, anyAya kA virodha na karane se burAI aura anyAya ugratA se phailate haiN| hamane dekha liyA hai ki ghaNA karane se, apane sAmane dUsaroM ko nIca-hIna yA aspRzya samajhane se deza ko, samAja ko, svayaM mAnava jAti ko kitanI hAni huI hai / "bhArata kI adhogati para umI dina muhara laga gayI jisa dina hamane 'mleccha' zabda kA AviSkAra kiyA aura dUsaroM se samparka tor3a liyA |"-(svaamii vivekaannd)| nirabhimAnI banakara calane se hama nikRSTa aura aniSTakArI tatvoM para, samAja virodhI tattvoM-zaktiyoM para vijaya pA sakate haiN| yogIrAja aravinda ne bhArata ke pAMca svapna dekhe the-(1) bhArata ko puna: eka honA hogA, kyoMki khaMDita rahakara vaha apanA deva nirdiSTa nahIM kara pAyegA / (2) bhArata kI svataMtratA aphrIkA aura eziyA ke parataMtra dezoM ke lie svAdhInatA kA dvAra banegI, arthAt pratyeka svataMtratA-saMgrAma meM bhArata ko jUjhatI huI janatA kA sAtha denA hogaa| (3) eka virATa mAnavasaMgha kI sthApanA jo samasta mAnavajAti ko eka sUtra meM bAMdha ske| (4) bhArata jagat ko apanI AdhyAtmikatA kA upahAra dene meM samartha hogaa| (5) mAnava cetanA ke vikAsa kA nayA caraNa / unake ye sapane the, lekina unheM saMkalpa kahanA ucita hogaa| jaba bhArata bhautika, mAnasika, naitika aura AdhyAtmika zakti se sampanna hogA tabhI usake vikAsa ko sarvAMgINa vikAsa kahA jAyegA aura isa sarvAMgINa vikAsa kI maMjila mAnava-dharma kA sambala lekara hI taya kI jA sakatI hai, sAmpradAyikatA kI saMkIrNa galiyoM, matAgraha kI taMga pagaDaMDiyoM se nahIM / hiMsaka huMkAroM se to kaliMga ko bhI natamastaka honA par3A thA, (prsaad)| bhArata aura mAnavatA kI vijaya samanvaya ke sUtra meM bandhana se hogI, anAgrahI dRSTi ko tyAgane se hogii| mAnava-dharma se hI hama trANa pA sakate haiM / ahiMsA, bandhutva, saha-astitva kI banda khir3akiyoM ko kholanA hog|| na sAmpradAyika kaTTaratA acchI hai, ahitakara hai aura na sampradAyavAda acchA hai, unheM to tyAganA hI hogaa| hamArI mukti prIta meM hai (DA0 ikabAla) aura mahAvIra gAMdhIjI kI ahiMsA meM hai-'savve pANA Na haMtavvA / "

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jaina darzana aura gItA jainadarzana kI gItA se tulanA karanA ho sakatA hai kisI ko samIcIna va priya na lage, kyoMki gItA Izvara kI sattA kA pratipAdana, usakI avatAra lIlA kA samarthana karatI hai, jabaki jaina darzana meM na to Izvara kI sattA svIkAra hai aura na vahAM bhagavAna ko avatarita honA mAnya hai| parantu yaha saba hote hue bhI jainadarzana aura gItA meM bhI AtmA ko akSuNNa mAnA gayA hai, donoM meM zarIra ko nAzavAna kahA gayA hai| gItA kA pratipAdya arjuna ke saMdeha kA, moha kA nivAraNa karanA hai / 'mahAbhArata' kA aMza hai gItA / kaurava aura pAMDavoM kI senAeM yuddhabhUmi kurukSetra meM Amane-sAmane DaTI hai| kRSNa arjuna ke sArathI haiM / arjuna, yaha dekhane ke lie ki mere sAmane kauna-kauna yuddha karane Aye haiM, kRSNa se apanA ratha yuddhabhUmi ke bIca khar3A karane ko kahate haiM / kRSNa ne arjuna kA ratha yuddha-bhUmi meM le jAkara khar3A kara diyA, arjuna ne cAroM ora najara daur3AI, dekhA, bhISma pitAmaha, droNAcArya, duryodhana aura anekoM bandhumitra-parijana sAmane khar3e haiN| ye saba mujase lar3ane Aye haiM aura mujhe ina saba para sara-saMdhAna karanA hai, ina saba se yuddha karanA hai| use cakkara A jAtA hai, sira pakar3akara ratha meM baiTha jAtA hai aura jaba kRSNa unase pUchate haiM ki kyA huA to kahatA hai "maiM yaha yuddha nahIM karUMgA, apane bandhu-parijanoM kI hatyA nahIM kruuNgaa|" taba kRSNa unheM upadeza dete haiM jo gItA ke rUpa meM vidyamAna hai| kRSNa arjuna ke moha ko naSTa karate haiM aura use zarIra kI nazvaratA tathA AtmA kI amaratA kA upadeza dete haiM / sakala prANiyoM meM AtmA maraNa-rahita hai, zarIra kA badha hone para bhI AtmA kA vadha yA nAza nahIM ho sktaa| kRSNa kahate haiM na jAyate mriyate vA kadAcinnAyaM bhUtvA bhavitA vA na bhUyaH / ajo nityaH zAzvato'yaM purANo na hanyate hanyamAne zarIre / / (2,20) arthAt yaha AtmA na to kabhI janmatI hai aura na maratI hI hai| aisA bhI nahIM ki eka bAra hokara phira hone kI nhiiN| yaha aja, nitya, zAzvata aura purAtana hai evaM zarIra kA vadha bhI ho jAe to bhI mArI nahIM jaatii| vAsAMsi jIrNAni yathA vihAya navAni gRhNAti naro'parANi / tathA zarIrANi vihAya jIrNAnyanyAni saMyAti navAni dehI / (2,22)

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72 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM arthAt jisa prakAra koI manuSya purAne vastroM ko chor3akara nae grahaNa karatA hai, usI prakAra dehI arthAt zarIra kA svAmI AtmA purAne zarIra tyAga kara dUsare naye zarIra dhAraNa karatI hai| nainaM chindanti zastrANi nainaM dahati pAvakaH / na caina kledayantyApo na zoSayati mArutaH // (2,23) arthAt AtmA ko zastra kATa nahIM sakate, ise Aga jalA nahIM sakatI, vaise hI ise pAnI bhigo yA gIlA nahIM kara sakatA, vAyu bhI ise sukhA nahIM sktii| aura jainadarzana meM AtmA ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai ki zuddha AtmA meM caturgatirUpa, janma, jarA, maraNa, roga, zoka tathA kula, yoni, jIva-sthAna aura mArgaNAsthAna nahIM hote / 'samaNasuttaM' (182) / AtmA eka amUrta padArtha hai| usakA AkAra aguvrata hai yA zarIra vizeSa para nirbhara hai| sampUrNa zarIra para usaka adhikAra hotA hai, zarIra meM vyApta hone ke kAraNa usakA AkAra zarIra ke AkAra ke sAtha saMvardhanazIla hotA hai| bAlyAvasthA ko pAra karake yauvanAvasthA ko prApta karane taka zarIra kA vikAsa hotA hai usI prakAra AtmA kA bhI vikAsa hotA hai aura vRddhAvasthA meM zarIra ke zithila hone ke sAtha AtmA meM bhI zithilatA A jAtI hai| AtmA cUMki zarIra ke pratyeka bhAga meM avasthita hai, ataH sukha-duHkha kA prabhAva zarIra ke eka bhAga para hI nahIM par3atA, pUre zarIra para par3atA hai aura AtmA bhI usase prabhAvita hotI hai| duHkha meM zarIra nirbala, malina aura niSprabha va kAMtihIna ho jAtA hai to AtmA bhI kAMtihIna, nirbala, malina hotI hai / usI prakAra zarIra ke ullasita, sukhI hone para AtmA bhI sukhI hotI hai, usakI zaktiyAM vikasita hotI hai| AtmA sampUrNa zarIra meM vyApta hai, lekina zarIra ke vinAza hone para AtmA kA vinAza nahIM hotaa| 'jJAnArNava' meM kahA gayA hai ayamAtmA svabhAvena zarIrAdevilakSaNaH / cidAnandamayaH zuddho bandhaM pratyakyavAnapi / prakaraNa (2,94) arthAt yaha AtmA svabhAva se, zarIra Adi se bhinna hai, kyoMki vaha cetanA, AnandasvarUpa, zuddha aura bandha ke prati eka hokara bhI vastutaH eka nahIM hai| ataH AtmA zarIra se bhinna hai, donoM kA svabhAva bhinna hai, AtmA 1. IsAI dharma ko na mAnane vAle yUnAna va romavAsiyoM kA yaha vizvAsa thA ki manuSya kI AtmA kA AkAra zarIra ke AkAra-mAtra hai, zarIra meM parivartana va vRddhi hone ke sAtha-sAtha AtmA ke AkAra meM bhI parivartana va vRddhi hotI rahatI haiN| -je0 DablU 0 Drepara : di kapilaTa biTavIna rilIjna eNDa sAinsa /

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jaina darzana aura gItA jJAnAnandamaya hai aura zarIra jJAnAnanda se vihina hai / zuddha hai / 'samAdhizataka' (63, 66 ) meM kahA gayA hai naSTa athavA rakta hone para use dhAraNa karane vAlA ko, apane ko saghana, jIrNa, naSTa athavA rakta nahIM ke saghana, jIrNa, naSTa athavA rakta hone para manuSya nahIM samajhatA / zarIra maraNa ko prApta karatA hai koI bhaya nahIM / AtmanyevAtmadhIranyAM zarIragatimAtmanaH / manyate nirbhayaM tyaktvA vastraM vastrAntaragraham // 73 zarIra azuddha hai, AtmA ki vastra ke saghana, jIrNa, manuSya jisa prakAra AtmA mAnatA, usI prakAra zarIra AtmA ko jIrNa yA naSTa parantu AtmA ko maraNa kA -samAdhizataka, 66 citta kI vRttiyoM kA nirodha yoga kahalAtA hai- yogazcittavRttinirodha: ( yoga darzana ) usa samaya AtmA apane svarUpa meM sthira ho jAtI hai / gItA meM yoga kI sthiratA ko vyakta karate hue dIpaka kI upamA dI gaI hai / jaise vAyu ke binA, Avega ke binA dIpaka sthira rahatA hai vaise hI yogI kA citta binA caMcalatA ke sthira rahatA hai (gItA 6- 19 ) / ' dhyAna zataka' ( 79-80 ) meM bhI isI prakAra kA ullekha milatA hai ki ghara meM vAyu rahita dIpaka sthira rahatA hai ekatva - vitarka - avicAra zukla dhyAna bhI sthira rahatA hai / gItA meM kahA gayA hai ki jisa samaya sakala vAsanAoM kI icchA se mukta hokara sAdhaka kA acala citta AtmA meM sthira ho jAtA hai, usa samaya use yoga-yukta kahate haiM | yogAbhyAsa se niruddha citta jisa samaya sthira hotA hai, usa samaya vaha AtmA apanI AtmA ko AtmA dvArA sAkSAt dekhatA hai, AtmA meM hI saMtuSTa hotA hai / (6.19-20 ) / 'jJAnArNava' meM kahA gayA hai ki jisa sAdhu kA citta kAmabhogoM se virakta hokara evaM zarIra ke moha se mukta hokara sthira ho gayA hI dhyAtA prazaMsA kA adhikArI hai ( prakaraNa 5.3) / rAga ke kSINa, dveSa aura moha ke naSTa hone para yadi citta apane svarUpa - sAdhana meM lagatA hai to vahI siddhi hai | moha kardama ke naSTa hone para, rAgAdi pariNAmoM ke naSTa hone para yogIjana apane hI paramAtmA svarUpa kA anubhava va dhyAna karate haiM / ( jJAnArNava, trayoviMza prakaraNa 10-11 ) | ( samAdhitaMtra' (75) meM isa bAta kA ullekha hai ki apanI AtmA hI apane lie janma ko, janma-maraNa vAle saMsAra ko prApta karatI hai, isalie apanI AtmA hI apanA guru, hitopadeza dene vAlA bandhu hai aura koI guru nahIM - nayatyAtmAnamAtmaiva janma nirvANameva ca / gururAtmAtmanastasmainnAnyo'sti paramArthataH // aura gItA meM kahA gayA hai--

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74 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM uddhe radAtmanAtmAna nAtmAnamavasAdayet / AtmaivAtmano bandhurAtmaiva ripurAtmanaH / / ( 6,5) arthAt AtmA ko, manuSya ko apanA uddhAra Apa hI karanA cAhie, kyoMki pratyeka manuSya ( AtmA ) svayaM hI apanA bandhu hai, apanA sahAyaka va mitra hai, vaha svayaM hI apanA zatru hai, koI dUsarA apanA bandhu yA zatru nahIM hai / Age kahA gayA hai ki jisane apane Apa ko jIta liyA vaha svayaM apanA bandhu hai, parantu jo apane Apa ko nahIM pahacAnatA vaha svayaM apane sAtha zatru ke samAna vyavahAra karatA hai bandhurAtmAtmanastasya yenAtmaivAtmanA jita: / anAtmanastu zatrutve vartetAtmaiva zatruvat / / ( 6,6) bhagavAna mahAvIra kahate haiM appA kattAvikattA ya duhANa ya suhANa ya / appA mittaM mamittaM ya duppaTThiya supaTTiya || uttarAdhyayana sUtra 20/37 manuSya svayaM apane duHkha-sukha karttA - vikarttA hai / duSprasthita aura suprasthita jIva apanA-apanA mitra aura zatru svayaM hai / jainadarzana ke AcArya umAsvAti kahate haiM-- samyakdarzana, samyakjJAna aura samyak caritra mokSa mArga hai, tatvazraddhA samyakdarzana hai / samyagdarzana ke bAda samyak jJAna kI prApti hotI hai / gItA meM zraddhA va jJAna para kAphI batra diyA gayA hai / jitendriya puruSa zraddhA ke dvArA jJAna arjita karatA hai aura zAMti prApta karane meM saphala hotA hai| jJAna aura zraddhA se vihIna manuSya lokaparaloka kA bhI sukha prApta nahIM kara sakatA zraddhAvAn labhate jJAnaM tatparaH saMyatendriyaH / jJAnaM labdhvA parAM zAnti macireNAdhigacchati // (4,39 ) ajJa zcAzraddadhAnazca saMzayAtmA vinazyati / nAyaM loko'sti na paro na sukhaM saMzayAtmanaH // ( 4, 40 ) arthAt jo zraddhAvAna puruSa indriyasaMyama karake usI ke pIche par3A rahe, use bhI yaha jJAna mila jAtA hai aura jJAna prApta hone se turanta hI use paramazAMti prApta ho jAtI hai / parantu jise na svayaM jJAna hai aura na zraddhA hI hai usa saMzayagrasta manuSya kA vinAza ho jAtA hai / saMzayagrasta ko na yaha loka hai aura na paraloka hai, na sukha hI milatA hai / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne zarIra ko anitya kahA hai - imaM sarIraM aNicca" / gItA meM janma-maraNa ko avinAbhAvI mAnA gayA hai ( 2,27 ) / jainadarzana meM ise utpanna honA, naSTa honA aura astitva meM rahanA, tripadI tattva kahA gayA

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jaina darzana aura gItA 75 hai| yahI sRSTi, pralaya aura astitva tattva hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kahate haiM ki zarIra eka naukA hai aura ise taba taka nahIM chor3A jA sakatA jaba taka taTa ke pAra nahIM pahuMca jAte / ataH isa zarIra se naukA kA kAma lo, kyoMki pAra honA hai| AtmA nAvika hai aura zarIra naukA hai / ataH zarIra kA ucita aura pUrA upayoga karanA cAhie sarIramAhu nAvatti jIvo vuccaI nAvio / saMsAro aSNavo vutto, jaM taraMti mahesiNo / gItA ke anusAra prajJA ko buddhi ke artha meM prayukta kiyA gayA hai| AtmA aura anAtmA ke viveka se utpanna jJAna hI prajJA hai / jainadarzana meM prajJa, mahAprajJa Adi ke prayoga milate haiN| prajJA ko 'indriyajJAna se prApta pratyayoM kA viveka karane vAlI buddhi se pare kA jJAna' mAnA gayA hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra indriyoM ke viSayoM ko rokanA kaThina hai, rAga-dveSa ko avazya rokA jA sakatA hai| gItA kahatI hai ki yoga kA karma mana, buddhi, indriyAM yA zarIra se hotA hai| yahAM mamatva, priya-apriya, rAga-dvaSa nhiiN| jahAM rAga-dveSa hotA hai vahAM indriya, mana, buddhi dRSTA na hokara bandhana kartA bana jAte haiM / gItA meM brahma ko na sat kahA gayA hai aura na asat kahA gayA hai| vaha dUra bhI hai aura nikaTa bhI hai, vaha cala aura acala donoM hai| yaha cintana jainadarzana ke anekAMtavAda se mela khAtA hai| anekAMta-dRSTi bhI vastu ko anekadharmI mAnakara calatI hai| kisI eka ke prati koI durAgraha yahAM nahIM rhtaa| mahAvIra ne kahA, vastu ke ananta dharmoM aura paryAyoM ko ananta cakSuoM se dekho| unheM kisI eka hI cakSu se mata dekho| jo vyakti vastu-satya ko eka cakSu se dekhatA hai vaha apane svIkRta siddhAMta kA samarthana aura dUsaroM kI svIkRtiyoM kA khaNDana karatA hai| 'samAdhizataka' (31) meM kahA gayA hai ki jo paramAtmA hai, vaha maiM hUM, jo maiM hUM vahI paramAtmA hai| maiM hI mere dvArA upAsanIya huuN| anya koI merA upAsya nahIM, yahI vastusthiti hai /

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jainadharma aura bhAvanAtmaka ekatA thAmasa pena kA vicAra hai-"yadi pratyeka vyakti se apane dharmamata kI parIkSA karane ko kahA jAe, to koI bhI dharma burA siddha na hogA / kintu, yadi unase eka-dUsare ke dharma-matoM kI parIkSA karane ko kahA jAe to vizva meM koI bhI dharma doSa-rahita na milegA / isalie jahAM taka dharma kI vibhinna saMsthAoM kA prazna hai, yA to sArA saMsArA ThIka hai yA sArA saMsArA galata hai|" yaha dRSTi-bheda kA kAraNa hai / hama bheda-antara ko lekara caleMge to bhedaantara sarvatra najara AegA aura yadi ekatA-samanvaya ko lekara bar3heMge to ekatA-samanvaya kA saMsAra cAroM ora najara AegA / yaha durAgraha kA, IrSyAdveSa kA, rAga-virAga kA, kAma-krodha kA tamAzA hai / saMgharSa tathA azAMti ke yahI kAraNa haiM / hama matAgrahI haiM, lobha-moha meM phaMse haiM, ataH parigrahavAdI haiM, hiMsAvAdI haiN| jainadharma samanyavAdI dharma hai, vahAM matAgraha nahIM samatA-bhAva haiM mahAvIra ne jaba 'nA hisvAt' kI bAta kahI to usake pIche 'sarvabhUteSu Atmavat' kI udAra dRSTi phailI huI thii| mahAvIra ne AcArAMga sUtra' (1-55) meM spaSTa kahA-''are manuSya ! jise tU mAranA cAhatA hai, vaha bhI tere jaisA hI sukha-duHkha kA anubhava karatA hai, jisa para zAsana karanA cAhatA hai yA jise duHkha denA cAhatA hai vaha bhI tere jaisA hI prANI hai / jise tU apane vaza meM karanA cAhatA hai, jise mRtyu ke muMha meM dhakelanA cAhatA hai vaha bhI tere jaisA prANI hai|" parantu Aja hama apanI AMkhoM para matAgraha ke, hiMsA ke, parigraha ke, moha-lobha ke kAle cazme car3hAe haiM isalie vastu ke vAstavika dharma ko ThIka-ThIka dekha nahIM pAte / apane Apa ko hI saba kucha samajha baiThe haiM / vicAra-vaibhinya hameM sahana nahIM; basa sthiti yaha hai ki yadi hama dina ko rAta kaheM to dUsare ko sahamati meM sira hilAkara kahanA cAhie ki hAM sarakAra cAMda-tAre bhI camaka rahe haiM khilAphe rAya sulatAM rAya justana, bakhU ne kheza bAzada dasta zustana / agara zAha roja rA goyada zabastI, babAyada guphta Inaka mAha paravI / - zekhasAdI aura Aja hama dekha rahe haiM ki aisI jI hujUrI karane vAle, 'hAM' meM 'hAM' milAne vAle apane svArthArtha dUsaroM ke aviveka-sammata dRSTikoNa ko, unake durAgraha ko natamastaka svIkAra karate haiN| mahAvIra ne dUsaroM kI dRSTi se dekhane-samajhane kI bAta bhI kahI hai jo unake anekAntavAda-syAdvAda darzana meM

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jainadharma aura bhAvanAtmaka ekatA 77 sannihita hai / jainadharma kI yaha eka maulika dena hai / jahAM hama ahiMsA ke dvArA dUsare ko Atmavat dekhate haiM, sarvatra maitrI kA raMga bikharA pAte haiM, sabhI prANiyoM kI rakSA karane, una para dayA karane kI bAta kahate haiM vahAM anekAMtavAda dvArA dUsaroM ke mata ko samajhane-parakhane, usa para sahAnubhUtipUrNa udAratA se vicAra-vimarza karane ke bhAva bhI virAjamAna pAte haiN| anekAMta jainadharma kI samanvayavAdI dRSTi hai| yahAM tAmasika manovRtti kA zamana hotA hai aura satya kA, viveka kA, jJAna kA sarvagrAhI mArga vikasita hotA hai| isIlie dUsarI zatAbdI meM AcArya samantabhadra ne mahAvIra ke dharma ko 'sarvodaya tIrtha' kahA hai-- "sarvApadAmantakaraM nirantaM sarvodayaM tIrthamidaM tvaiv"| manuSya ko jaba samyagjJAna kI saMprApti hotI hai, jaba usakI dRSTi samyak ho jAtI hai, yA jaba usameM samyagjJAna-caritra kA udaya hotA hai tabhI mokSa kI siddhi ho sakatI hai--'samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrANi mokssmaargH'| jJAnI honA ahiMsaka honA hai| jo ahiMsaka yA anekAntavAdI hotA hai vaha IrSyA-dveSa se, rAga-virAga se, mAna-apamAna se dUra rahatA hai| usakI dRSTi meM koI durAgraha nahIM hotaa| durAgrahI ko ekatA nahIM, viSamatA najara AtI hai / kRSNa ke Adeza para jaba duryodhana aura yudhiSThira bhinna dizAoM meM jAkara guNI vyakti kI khoja meM nikale to duryodhana ko koI guNI hI najara nahIM AyA aura yudhiSThira ko koI avaguNI dikhAI nahIM diyaa| yudhiSThira ko saba kisI na kisI guNa se sampanna dikhAI die| kAraNa yaha thA ki duryodhana kI dRSTi meM avaguNa hI dekhane kI bhAvanA thI, vaha abhimAnI thA, apane se bar3A, acchA kisI ko nahIM samajhatA thA / yudhiSThira vinamra the, satya-guNa ke grAhaka tathA prazaMsaka the, isalie unheM sarvatra guNa hI dikhAI dete the / jainadharma anekAnta ke dvArA bhAvanAtmaka ekatA kA prasAra karatA hai, dRSTibheda ke bIca samanvaya sthApita karatA hai| yahAM 'duryodhanatva' ke sthAna para yudhiSThiratva' kA mAna kiyA jAtA hai| hanumAna ko bhI eka bAra aisA ho gayA thaa| azokavATikA meM use koI sapheda phUla najara nahIM AyA, sarvatra lAla raMga ke phUla hI dikhAI die, kyoMki unakI AMkhoM meM khUna ubhara AyA thA, AMkheM krodha se lAla ho gaI thiiN| yahI hai rAga-dveSa, matAgraha kA pariNAma / kabIra ne kitanI saccI bAta kahI hai ki maiM saMsAra meM jaba AdamI kI khoja meM nikalA to koI mujhe burA dikhAI nahIM diyaa| jaba maiMne apane Apako dekhA to mujha se koI burA najara nahIM AyA / jainadharma meM AtmA ko, apane ko pahacAnane kI bAta kahI gaI hai, apanA dIpaka Apa banane kA upadeza diyA gayA ___ jainadharma ahiMsA ke dvArA, anekAntavAda ke dvArA sabako apanA mitra banAtA hai-yahAM zatru ko bhI mitra mAnA jAtA hai aura kaSTa dene vAle para

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78 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM krodha nahIM kiyA jAtA / isa prakAra kI bhAvanA ekatA, bhAIcArA, vizvamaitrI aura vizvabandhutva kI bhAvanA hI kahI jaaegii| guru nAnaka ne bhI isI bhAvanA ko prakaTa kiyA hai nAnaka nAma caDhadI kalA, tere bhANe sarvatta kA bhlaa| yahAM hindU-musalamAna kA, nirdhana-dhanI kA, UMca-nIca kA, brAhmaNazUdra kA koI bhI bheda nahIM rhtaa| jainadharma meM saba prANiyoM ko samAna mAnA gayA hai| vahAM jAtIya bhedabhAva kI bhAvanA nahIM hai, mAnavatA kI bhAvanA hai| mahAvIra kA dharma mAnavatAvAdI dharma hai, vaha ekatA, samAnatA ke bIca bahane vAlI gaMgA hai-samatA kI gaMgA hai| sUtrakRtAMga' (1-13-10) meM kahA gayA je mAhaNe sattiya jAyae vA, tahaggaputta taha lecchaI vaa| je pavvaie paradattabhoI, gottaNa je thabbhai mANabaddhe / / arthAt-tuma brAhmaNa, kSatriya, ugraputra yA licchavi cAhe kisI bhI jAti yA kula meM utpanna hue para aba tuma samatA ke zAsana meM pravajita ho, ahiMsaka hone ke kAraNa paradattabhojI ho phira jAti yA kula kA abhimAna kaisA ? vidyA aura caritra ke AcaraNa ke dvArA hI manuSya ko trANa mila sakatA hai, jAti yA kula dvArA trANa nahIM mila sakatA / jainadharma 'jinadharma' hai gotratIta, jAtyatIta, sampradAyAtIta, kulAtIta hai| samatA-dharma hai / mahAvIra ke dharma meM arthAt samatA-dharma meM bar3A-choTA, naukara-svAmI, rAjA-prajA koI nahIM, saba samatA kA vyavahAra karane vAle hote haiN| yahAM jAti kI nahIM, guNoM kI pUjA kI jAtI hai, kula-jAti kA abhimAna hAnikAraka hai| mahAvIra ne saba logoM ko, saba dharma ke evaM sampradAya ke avalambiyoM ko apane 'samavasaraNa' meM sthAna diyA, koI bhedabhAva nahIM rakhA / Aja hamArI ApadAoM kI, duHkhoM kI, azAMti kI vajaha yahI hai ki hama jAti yA kula ke abhimAna meM DUbe haiM aura sabako apane se hIna samajhate haiM / Aja hama dhana meM-dhanArjana meM itane aMdhe ho gae haiM ki parAe to parAe, apanoM ko bhI nahIM pahacAnate ; nirdhana ko (cAhe apanA sagA bhAI hI kyoM na ho) hIna samajhate haiM, usake yahAM AnAjAnA taka pasanda nahIM karate / dhanArjanAMdhatA ne manuSya ko vivekazUnya banAkara chor3a diyA hai| jIvana-mUlyoM ke binA manuSya, manuSya nahIM calatA-phiratA zava dikhAI detA hai / jainadharma jIvana-mUlyoM kA dharma hai / vaha hameM dayA aura ahiMsA kI ora le jAtA hai| dharma vahI hai| jo dayA se vizuddha ho'dhammo dyaavisuddho|' kula yA jAti ke abhimAna ko kabIra ne nindA kI hai| kyA zUndra aura brAhmaNa meM rakta alaga-alaga hotA hai, kyA brAhmaNa meM rakta ke bajAya dUdha bahatA hai ?

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jainadharma aura bhAvanAtmaka ekatA tuma kata brAhmaNa, hama kata sUda / hama kata lohU, tuma kata dUdha / / kula nahIM guNa ko mahattva denA cAhie, jAti nahIM jyoti ko pahacAnanA cAhie / hama jAti ke pIche par3e haiM aura jyoti ko bhUla baiThe haiM / isIlie samAja meM ekatA nahIM hai / hama jAti ke garva meM, bhASA ke garva meM, prApta ke garva meM rAta-dina masta rahakara jJAna-jyoti ko bisAra baiThe haiM, usase vimukha ho gae haiM / manuSya kA jAti se nahIM, guNoM se satkAra karanA cAhie / jAti ko nahIM, jyoti ko pahacAno- "jANahu joti na pUchahu jAtI" (naankdev)| 'anuyogadvAra' sUtra meM zramaNa ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai :uragagiri jalaNasAgaraNahatalatarugaNa samo a jo hoi| bhamaramiyadharaNi jalaruharavipavaNasamo a so samaNo / / apanI maryAdA kA atikramaNa na karane se use sindhusamAna mAnA jAtA hai, sukha-duHkha meM vaha nirvikAra hotA hai, saMsAra ke mAyA-moha ke vyAdhi se bhayabhIta rahatA hai mRga ke samAna, sahiSNutA meM pRthvI ke samAna hotA hai, nispRhI tathA nirlepa hotA hai, jJAna-jyoti se pUrNa rahatA hai| hameM jainadharma ke samatA, sahiSNutA-bhAva ko, anekAnta tathA ahiMsA-bhAva ko AdhAra banAkara bhAvAtmaka ekatA kA vAtAvaraNa nirmita karanA cAhie / sarvatra eka-sI AtmA ko dekhanA cAhie, eka paramAtmA kI zaraNa meM jAnA cAhie / jo eka ko jAnatA hai vaha sabako jAnatA hai--'je egaM jANai te savvaM jANai' (AcArAMga) / Aja hama kevala apane ko sukhI dekhanA cAhate haiN| dUsaroM ke duHkha kI ciMtA na kara apanI svArthasiddhi meM bar3e se bar3A aniSTa taka karane ko taiyAra rahate haiM / jainadharma sabakA hita karane vAlA hai, sabako samAna dRSTi se dekhatA hai, sabakA Adara-sammAna karatA hai| yadi hama 'NamokAramaMtra' para gaharAI se dhyAna deM to isameM guNoM ke AdhAra para jo vyaktitva-pUjA hai, vaha bar3e vyApaka-guNoM ko, sahiSNutA ko, sArvabhaumikatA ko citrita karatI hai, usameM jJAna-sUrya ko razmiyAM vikINita haiN| ye sAdhu-vRtti ke manuSya bar3e paramArthI haiM, bAdaloM ke samAna, hamezA dUsaroM kI tapana bujhAne vAle haiN| saMsAra meM jo sAdhu haiM, upAdhyAya haiM, AcArya haiM, siddha haiM, arhanta haiM--sabhI vaMdanIyapUjya haiM / maharSi pAtaMjali ne kahA hai ki jahAM ahiMsA hotI hai, vahAM vaira-bhAva svAhA ho jAtA hai / ahiMsA mAnavatA kI, prema ko, sadbhAva kI zItala varSA karake sabako samazItala karane vAlI hai / ahiMsA mAtA ke samAna hai; sabako mamatva tathA vAtsalya pradAna karane vAlI hai / jainadharma meM ahiMsA-janita mamatva aura vAtsalya, anekAMtajanita sahiSNutA aura sarvadharmasadbhAva kA jo svarUpa nihita hai vaha sacamuca bhAvanAtmaka ekatA kA maMca taiyAra karatA hai jisa para

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adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM sabako gale se lagAkara, prema se sadbhAva, se eka sAtha biThAyA jA sakatA hai|' 'samaNasutta' (24) meM kaise pate kI bAta kahI gaI hai ki jo tuma apane lie cAhate ho vahI dUsaroM ke lie bhI cAho aura jo apane lie nahIM cAhate vaha dUsaroM ke lie bhI kyoM cAhate ho ? yahI hai tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA saMdeza jaM icchasi appaNato, jaM ca Na icchasi appnnto| taM iccha parassa vi yA, ettiyaggaM jiNasAsaNaM //

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jainadharma : eka sampradAyAtIta dharma Aja kA yuga vijJAna aura TeknolaoNjI kA yuga mAnA jAtA hai| yaha bhI kahA jAtA hai ki vijJAna-yuga meM dharma kI dIvAroM kA palastara ukhar3atA jA rahA hai, dharma kI dIvAreM acirAt dharAzAyI ho jAeMgI parantu aisI bAta nhiiN| yaha mAnA ki bhautikatA kI cakAcauMdha adhika hai; sone-cAMdI kI camakadamaka se hamArI AMkheM khIrA, dhuMdhalI ho gaI haiN| vastutaH dharma ko vijJAna se khatarA nahIM, vijJAna ke AdhAra para dharma ke svarUpa ke durgama rahasyoM ko samajhA dekhA, parakhA jA rahA hai| hama vaijJAnika dRSTi se vastuoM kA parIkSaNa-nirIkSaNa karane ke abhyasta ho rahe haiN| vijJAna hameM jJAna ke kSitijoM ko udghATita karane meM sahAyaka banatA hai---TaoNrca lekara hamAre sAtha rahatA hai, mArga dikhAtA hai| Aja dharma ko yadi khatarA hai to bhautikatA kI bhayaMkara bAr3ha se hai / bhautikatA meM jo AkarSaNa, moha, mamatva, lalaka hai vaha kisI vastu meM nhiiN| bhoga-vilAsa, tRSNAeM-kAmanAeM, vaibhava-sampadA sabhI isI ke rUpa haiM, inheM hastagata karane kI lAlasA choTe-bar3oM sabhI meM pAyI jAtI hai| parigraha-pravRtti bhautikatA kA mUla hai isakI vinAzakArI, ghAtaka sthiti se sabhI paricita haiM, hiMsA isakA sabase vikRta rUpa hai, isameM asatya aura steya svataH mila jAte haiM aura phira mAnavatA kI pratimA ko ye apanI AMca se galAne-pighalAne lagate haiM / Aja bhautikatA kI agni se jIvana-mUlya pighala rahe haiM, mAnavatA gala rahI hai, dharma jala rahA hai, saMskRti jhulasa rahI hai| isa agni ko bujhAne ke lie hameM sarvadharmasamabhAva ke jala kI AvazyakatA hai| yadi sarvadharmasama-bhAvanA ko hamane aMgIkAra kara liyA, to mAnavatA kI rakSA ho sakegI, vizva-zAMti sthApita kI jA sakegI aura phira sacce arthoM meM yaha pRthvI manuSya ke lie jIne ke yogya bana sakegI, jIvana banAne ke lie ho skegii| sarvadharmasamAnatva kA Adarza Aja kI bhautikatAkrAnta mAnava-jAti ke lie atyanta zreyaskara hai, ataH mAnya hai, svIkArya hai| jainadharma sarvadharma-samAnatva kA Adarza prastuta karatA hai, use yadi kisI jAti yA sampradAya ke saMkucita ghere meM banda karake dekheMge to dRSTi sImita hogI, eka nizcita dUrI taka hama dekha skeNge| dRSTi ko dhUmila hone se bacAnA cAhie, use dUra taka dekhane kA abhyasta karanA cAhie, tabhI hama samyak draSTA bana skeNge| kahA jA sakatA hai ki mahApuruSoM meM samyakadRSTi hotI hai, samyakjJAna hotA hai, samyak AcaraNa ve karate haiM; sukha-duHkha, lAbha

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82 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM hAni, apane parAye sabameM unakI dRSTi samAna hotI hai / sUrya jaba nikalatA hai| taba aura jaba DUbatA hai taba tAmravarNI hotA hai-- donoM sthitiyoM meM eka jaisA nirvikAra, nirlipta, nirgrantha / bhagavAn mahAvIra aise hI mahA puruSa the / unakA ahiMsA-tattva jIvana-tattva hai, sabhI prANiyoM ke lie usameM dayA, karuNA, samatA kA bhAva hai, kisI eka ke lie nahIM / DaoN0 rAdhAkRSNan unake viSaya meM kahate haiM- 'bhagavAn mahAvIra ke ahiMsA-tattva para hI bhArata kI zAsana-paddhati AdhArita hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra mahAn vijayI the / itihAsa ke sacce mahApuruSa the / ve mAnava samAja ke zikSaka the / bhagavAn mahAvIra ke upadezoM se hiMsA aura saMyama ke siddhAnta kA vikAsa apanI carama sImA taka pahuMcA thA / prAcIna bhArata ke nirmANa meM bhagavAn kA sthAna bahuta UMcA aura mahattvapUrNa hai / ' maiM kahatA hUM ki Adhunika bhArata, Adhunika vizva, Adhunika mAnava ke nirmANa meM bhagavAn mahAbIra ke siddhAnta Aja bhI sahAyaka siddha ho sakate haiM, apanI mahattA aura upAdeyatA siddha kara sakate haiM; jarUrata hai unheM jIvana meM utArane kI, unheM jIne kii| jainadharma sampradAyagata nahIM hai, yaha mAnavagata hai / 'jina' se jaina banA hai, jo apane ko jIta letA hai, apanI icchAoM, kAmanAoM ko jIta letA hai, kAma-krodha-lobha-moha dvArA vicalita nahIM hotA vahI 'jina' hai, 'jaina' hai / isa dRSTi se sabhI ve vyakti jaina kahe jA sakate haiM jo kAmajayI haiM, tRSNAjayI haiM, indriyajayI haiM, bhedajayI haiN| yahAM to sampradAya kA paMka dekhane meM bhI nahIM AtA / sampradAya kI bhUmi meM dharma jaba pahuMca jAtA hai to bhedabhAva aura matAgraha ke daladala meM phaMsatA - dhaMsatA calA jAtA hai / jainadharma kA sArabhUta maMtra hai namaskAra mahAmaMtra / isameM paMca parameSThI kI jo vandanA kI gayI hai vastutaH vaha kisI sampradAya - vizeSa kI saMkIrNa sImA meM paribaddha nahIM hai apitu yaha to guNoM evaM vyaktitva vikAsa kI vandanA hai / yahAM kisI bhI jagaha jAti yA sampradAya zabda kA prayoga nahIM huA hai aura na hI jainadharma kA kahIM nAmollekha hai, phira jainadharma ko sAmpradAyika dharma kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ? vyakti ke vyaktitva kA vikAsa guNoM tathA tyAga ke AdhAra para hotA hai / samAja vyakti ko nahIM pUjatA, vyaktitva ko pUjatA hai, guNoM kI AratI utArI jAtI hai, tyAga kI arcanA kI jAtI hai, AtmA kI pUjA kI jAtI hai, mAnava kI mAnavatA kA Adara kiyA jAtA hai / bhagavAn AtmavAdI the / unake sAmane prathama sthAna AtmA kA thA / manuSya kA sthAna dUsarA thA / bhagavAn mAnavatAvAdI the / unake sAmane prathama sthAna mAnavatA kA thA / ve jAtiko mUlya nahIM dete the / bhagavAn ke kaivalya kA saMvAda sunakara candanA bhI vahAM pahuMca gaI thI / aura bhagavAn ne use dIkSA dI -nArI jAti ko dIkSita karane meM koI bhedabhAva nahIM baratA / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA" maiMne samatA-dharma kA pratipAdana kiyA / tuma saba samatA ke zAsana meM dIkSita

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3 jainadharma : eka sampradAyAtIta dharma hue ho / jAti, kula aura aizvarya kA mada viSamatA utpanna karatA hai / tuma mada ko chor3akara mRdutA ke patha para Aye, viSamatA ko chor3akara tumane samatA kA varaNa kiyaa| isa prakAra mahAvIra kA dharma to samatA-dharma hai, yahAM bheda ke lie koI guMjAiza nahIM, yahAM tiraskAra, ghRNA, viSamatA ke lie koI sthAna nahIM hai| sUtrakRtAMga' (1-13-10,11) meM kahA gayA hai--"tuma brAhmaNa, kSatriya, ugraputra yA licchavi cAhe kisI bhI jAti yA kula meM utpanna hue para aba tuma samatA ke zAsana meM pravajita ho, ahiMsaka hone ke kAraNa paradattabhojI ho, phira yaha jAti aura kula kA abhimAna kaisA ? yaha jAti aura kula tumheM trANa nahIM de sakatA / vidyA aura caritra kA AcaraNa hai| tumheM trANa de sakatA hai|" phira jAti yA kula kA abhimAna kaisA, phira aizvarya aura vaibhava para mada kaisA ? mahAvIra kA dharma yaha kahAM? yahAM jAtIya bhedabhAva nahIM hai; ataH jainadharma ko kisI jAti kA dharma kaise kaheMge? yaha to zuddhataH mAnavatA kA dharma hai, sampradAya aura jAti se dUra haTakara yaha rAjamArga jAtA hai| isa rAjamArga para sabhI ko calane kA samAna rUpa se adhikAra hai| jainadharma ko hama jor3ane vAlA dharma kaheMge, yaha vibhinna jAtiyoM aura manuSyoM ko jor3atA hai, sabako eka sAtha milakara calane, rahane, jone kA adhikAra detA hai| yaha prANimAtra kA dharma hai-sabhI prANiyoM meM eka jaise sukha-duHkha kI bAta kahane vAlA dharma hai / yaha Antarika samAnatA kA dharma hai| ahiMsA dharma kA anuyAyI vahI banatA hai jisake antarbAhya donoM samatA para avalambita hoN| bhagavAn mahAvIra kahate haiM ki tuma anAdikAla se saMsAra meM janma le rahe ho| aisA koI vyakti nahIM jisake tuma mAtA-pitA, putra, bhAI Adi na ho| phira kise tuma mitra mAnoge aura kise zatru ? kise tuma ucca mAnoge aura kise nIca ? kisase ghRNA karoge aura kise apanAoge ? ahiMsA hameM samatA, samabhAva kI jyoti pradAna kara rAga-dveSa, lobha-moha, kAma-krodha ke saghana tama ko naSTa karatI hai| hamAre andara AtmAnuzAsana paidA karatI hai| mahAvIra ne hI hameM AtmAnuzAsana kA maMtra diyA, isase hameM svayaM ko anuzAsita karanA caahie| parantu Aja vaha maMtra hama bhUlA baiThe haiN| yahAM eka prazna sahaja hI ubharatA hai ki jainadharma meM to zvetAmbara, digambara aura phira sthAnakavAsI, terApaMthI Adi kaI eka sampradAya aura gaccha hai, phira ise asAmpradAyika kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ? isakA sIdhA-sA uttara yaha hai ki bheda yA sampradAya jainadharma ke lie nahIM ye / to logoM kI, jAtiyoM ke dRSTi-bheda, vicAra-bheda ke kAraNa haiN| jainadharma akhaNDa hai| manuSya vargoM, jAtiyoM, sampradAyoM meM baMTa sakatA hai parantu havA ko Apa vargoM meM nahIM bAMTa sakate, cAMdanI yA dhUpa kI sImAeM nahIM bAMdha sakate / jahAM se jIvana milatA ho, prANa-zakti milatI ho, prakAza milatA ho, vahAM bheda utpanna nahIM kiyA jA

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84 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM sakatA / ye cIjeM to akhaNDa haiM, zAzvata haiM, sanAtana haiN| isI prakAra jainadharma bhI zAzvata hai, sanAtana hai, use khaMDita karake sampradAyoM meM bAMTA nahIM jA sakatA / yadi jainadharmAvalambI udAratA se, vizAlahRdayatA se kAma leM to jainadharma kA, jaina saMskRti kA adhika pracAra-prasAra kara sakate haiN| isa AlokapuMja ko apane pAsa hI na rakheM, isakA parigraha na kareM, isase mAna-jAti ke antarbAhma ko Alokita hone deN|

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jaina dharma kI prAsaMgikatA Adhunika bauddhika evaM tArkika yuga meM anAgraha-dRSTi dvArA hI satyAnveSaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| Agrahajanya Atyantika dRSTi mithyAvAda kI dhuMdha meM lipaTa kara manuSya ko apane dharma se vicalita kara detI hai| usakI vaha dRSTi dUsaroM ko to bhalI prakAra dekha nahIM pAtI, svayaM ko bhI nahIM dekha paatii| eka santulita evaM samyak dRSTi prApta kara hama dUsaroM ko, apane ko dekhakara jJAna-loka meM utara sakate haiN| jaina dharma kI prAsaMgikatA isa dRSTi se svayaMsiddha hai ki usakA anekAntavAda kA siddhAMta sabhI prakAra ke durAgrahoM kI dhuMdha ko vicchinna karatA hai aura eka sAmaMjasyapUrNa dRSTikoNa ko pallavita karatA hai, samatAmaya vicAradhArA ko vikasita karatA hai / Aja samAja meM, deza meM, vizva meM vicAroM kA saMgharSa hai| sabhI apane-apane dRSTikoNa ko mUlyavAn samajhakara dUsaroM ke dRSTikoNa ko avahelita tathA khaNDita karate haiN| dUsaroM kI bAta ko, mata ko sahAnubhUti aura sahiSNutA ke sAtha na sunanA pArasparika saMgharSa ko havA denA hai| hamAre deza meM sAmpradAyika daMgoM kI vibhISikA deza ko AkrAMta kiye hai / sikkhoM ke jatthoM meM kaI bAra khUna-kharAbA ho cukA hai| pichale kucha mahInoM meM hindU-musalamAnoM ke daMgoM meM manuSya-jAti kA anamola rakta bahAyA gayA, hiMsA kA krUratama rUpa kabhI saMbhala, kabhI alIgar3ha, kabhI jamazedapUra a.di meM dekhA gyaa| becAre harijanoM ko dhadhakatI Aga meM jIvita jhoMkA gyaa| ye hRdaya-vidAraka ghaTanAeM kevala isalie huI ki logoM meM vaicArika sahiSNutA nahIM, anAgraha dRSTi nahIM, sarvadharma-samabhAva kA udAravAdI dRSTikoNa nahIM, jo jainadharma ke anekAntavAda meM abhinihita hai / anekAntavAdI saMgharSavAdI nahIM ho sakatA, anekAntavAdI durAgraha dvArA apane mata ko sarvottama nahIM kaha sktaa| anekAntavAdI samanvayavAdI hotA hai, vaha paraspara-virodhI matoM, vicAradhArAoM meM sahiSNutA kI miThAsa ghola kara unakI kaTutA ko naSTa kara sarvagrAhI banAtA hai| jaina dharma kA yaha siddhAMta Aja ke saMgharSAkula yuga ke lie bahuta hI Avazyaka aura upAdeya hai| isakI zaraNa meM Akara sAmpradAyika aura rAjanItika sabhI prakAra ke saMgharSa-dvandva samApta ho jAte haiN| vizva kI sabase bar3I zAnti sthApita karane vAlI saMsthA yU. ena. o. jaba apane mizana meM asaphala huI to isa kAraNa hI ki sadasya deza saMkIrNa vicAradhArA se bAhara nahIM nikala sake, ve eka-dUsare ke prati sahiSNu nahIM bana sake, unake vicAratantu samanvayAtmaka dRSTi meM se udbhUta nahIM the, ve anekAntavAdI nahIM the|

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adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM apane hI deza meM rAjanItika uthala-puthala para dRSTi DAlakara dekhiye to yahAM bhI anekAnta-rahita dRSTi hI pramukha kAraNa hai| jaina dharma to ekatva aura anekatva donoM ko satya mAnakara aMgIkAra karatA hai| jainadharma meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne sAmAjika aura rAjanItika, Arthika aura sAmpradAyika sabhI prakAra kI samasyAoM kA ahiMsAtmaka samAdhAna anekAntavAda dvArA prastuta kiyA hai, jisakI upayogitA Aja adhika tIvratA se anubhava kI jA rahI hai| ___ jainadharma kI prAsaMgikatA para vicAra karate hue sAmAjika ekatA ko sAmane rakhanA hogA / Aja hamArA samAja na jAne kitanI jAtiyoM-upajAtiyoM meM vibhakta hai / aura usa para turrA yaha ki ye jAtiyAM-upajAtiyAM UMca-nIca kI hInatA kI graMthi meM itanI burI taraha phaMsI haiM ki jo nIca ghoSita kara dI gayI vaha basa pralayakAla taka sRSTi ke anta taka-nIca hI banI rhegii| harijanoM ko hI lIjiye; saMvidhAna meM samAnatA ke adhikAra kI ghoSaNA kI gayI, phira bhI zAsana ko, sarakAra ko harijanoM kI suvidhA ke lie unake jIvana-stara ko UMcA uThAne ke lie vizeSAdhikAroM kI ghoSaNA karanI par3I; parantu ina vizeSAdhikAroM ko bhoga kara apanA jIvana-stara Upara uThAne vAle kyA samAja meM samAdRta haiM ? nhiiN| bAbU jagajIvana rAma hamezA se maMtrI pada para rahe haiM, parantu Ama logoM ne inheM 'harijana' hI smjhaa| jainadharma meM isa prakAra ke jAtIya bhedabhAva kA kalaMka nhiiN| DA0 rAdhAkRSNana ne ThIka kahA hai-"jaina darzana sarvasAdhAraNa ko purohita ke samAna dhArmika adhikAra pradAna karatA hai|" kyA koI harijana veda-upaniSad kA mahAn paNDita hokara isa prakAra dhArmika adhikAra grahaNa kara sakatA hai hindU samAja meM ? jainadharma to lokadharma hai, samAja dharma hai / usameM vyakti ke vikAsa kI pUrNa svatantratA hai| badalate hue sandarbho meM jainadharma kA mUlya uttarottara bar3hatA jAtA hai| samAja meM ekatA aura samAnatA sthApita karane ke lie jainadharma kI ora dekhanA hogaa| hama yoM nahIM kaheMge ki jainadharma, jo bhagavAn RSabhadeva se bhagavAn mahAvIra taka zramaNa-dharma kI zikSAoM ko tAtkAlika AvazyakatAoM ke anukUla pracArita karatA rahA vaha badala gayA hai, hama to yaha mAnate haiM ki vaha badalA nahIM, balki usakA kSetra aura adhika vistRta ho gayA hai| vaha "jIva-mUlyoM" ke sAtha "jIvana-mUlyoM" kI bAteM bhI kahane lagA hai| usakI AcAragata ahiMsA vicAragata ahiMsA kI bhUmi meM pahuMca gaI hai| vyaktigata upalabdhi sArvajanika banatI jA rahI hai| mahAvIra ne ghara-bAra chor3akara jo vyaktigata kaivalyopalabdhi prApta kI vaha sArvajanika hI to hai| kyA unake samavasaraNa ke dvAra sabhI ke lie khule nahIM the ? kasAI, cora-jAra, jJAnI-mUrkha, bAla-vRddha, strI-puruSa sabhI binA kisI bhedabhAva ke vahAM sammilita hote the| jainadharma kI yaha samanvayavAdI yA samAnatAvAdI vicAradhArA hamAre samAja meM ekatA sthApita

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jaina dharbha kI prAsaMgikatA 87 kara sakatI hai, usase hama apane rASTra kI ekatA ko adhika majabUta banA sakate haiN| mahAvIra ne vargahIna samAja kI sthApanA kI thI, Aja hama bhI samAjavAda ke dvArA usa Adarza ko chUne kA prayAsa kara rahe haiN| Aja jAtIya bandhanoM ko tor3akara jo eka nayA samAja banatA najara AtA hai, usane jainadharma ko AtmasAt kiyA hai, aisA mAlUma hotA hai AcArya tulasI aura elAcArya muni vidyAnandajI Adi ke upadezoM ko usane AtmasAt kiyA hai| kAlAnusAra purAnI mAnyatAoM ke rUpa badalate haiM, navIna aura vyApaka hote haiM / ahiMsA avazya parama dharma hai| kisI ko mAranA, satAnA, pITanA hiMsA hai; lekina Aja hiMsA yuga-saMdarbho meM kucha navIna rUpa dhAraNa kara sAmane AtI-jAtI hai| yaha mAnanA hogA ki jainadharma meM ahiMsA para jitanA adhika jora diyA gayA, zAyada vaisA jora vizva ke kisI dharma meM nahIM diyA gayA, jaina samAja meM bAlaka ko bacapana meM hI ahiMsA kA pATha mAM kI goda se par3hAyA jAtA hai / ahiMsA aura sevA-bhAva kA prasAra jaina samAja ne itanA adhika kiyA hai ki samAja ke kisI varga ne itanA nahIM kiyaa| aneka auSadhAlaya, samAja-sevI saMsthAeM, kaoNleja jaina samAja dvArA sAre deza meM calAye jA rahe haiN| rASTrIya udyoga ko vikasita aura saMvardhita karane meM jaina udyogapatiyoM kA yogadAna svarNAkSaroM meM likhane yogya hai| jainadharma meM tuccha-se-tuccha aura hiMsaka-se-hiMsaka prANI ko mArane kA pUrNa niSedha hai; lekina Aja kI hiMsA pazu-pakSI ko mArane, kisI jIvadhArI ko satAne taka sImita nahIM, usane bhI apane kSetra kA vistAra kAlA dhana, utkoca, corI-DakaitI, jamAkhorI, khAnepIne kI cIjoM meM milAvaTa, taskarI yA smagaliMga Adi ke rUpoM meM kiyA hai| ye saba sAmAjika doSa haiM aura samAja virodhI tattva inhIM ke dvArA rAtoM-rAta lakhapati bana jAte haiM / jainadharma meM asteya kA siddhAMta jahAM corI-DakaitI kA niSedha karatA hai, aise pApamaya kukarma se bacane kA Adeza detA hai vahIM aparigraha kA siddhAMta jamAkhorI, khAne-pIne kI vastuoM meM milAvaTa, taskarI Adi se bAja rakhatA hai / mahAvIra ne aparigraha kA siddhAMta sAmane rakhakara vartamAna yuga kI samasyAoM kA ahiMsAtmaka samAdhAna prastuta kiyaa| bure karmoM se samAja burAI meM phaMsegA hI, durgandha se vAtAvaraNa durgandhita hogA hii| acche karmoM ke phaloM kI sugaMdha hI dUra-dUra taka phailatI hai| "nArAyaNopaniSad' meM kahA gayA yathA vRkSasya saMpuSpitasya dUrAdgaMdho vAti / evaM puNyasya karmaNo dUrAd gaMdho vAti / / arthAt phUle hue vRkSa kI sugaMdha dUra-dUra taka phaila jAtI hai, vaise hI pavitra karmoM kI sugaMdha dUra-dUra taka pahuMcatI hai| jainadharma kA aparigraha kA siddhAMta bhI eka puSpita vRkSa hai, usake guNoM kI sugaMdha phailanI hI cAhie / For

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88 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM jahAM kahIM parigraha hai, laTa-khasoTa hai, usakI durgaMdha ko aparigraha kI sugaMdha naSTa kara sakatI hai| samAcAra patroM meM par3hane ko milatA hai ki amuka gAMva yA nagara meM DAkuoM ne ghara meM ghusa kara hatyAeM kIM aura hajAroM kA mAla lekara pharAra ho gaye, yA amuka rAha calatI strI ke gale kI svarNa-cena khIMca kara koI bhAga gayA, yA amuka yuvatI kI daheja kama lAne para galA ghoMTakara yA miTTI kA tela chir3akakara hatyA kara dI gyii| ina sabake pIche parigraha kI burAI hai| vaha parigraha jise jainadharma ne vajita ghoSita kiyA hai| manuSya dhanArjana kare, parantu ucita sAdhanoM se aura ucita mAtrA meM usase dUsaroM kI sevA kare / aparigraha ko hameM mahAvIra ke isa Adarza ko sAmane rakhakara grahaNa karanA cAhie ki jisase dUsaroM kI sevA kI jA sake, deza kA navanirmANa kiyA jA sake, apane se adhika dUsaroM ko sukha pahuMcAyA jA sake / mahAvIra nahIM cAhate the ki koI garIba ho, garIbI ke abhizApa meM phaMsA ho| jainadharma kI dRSTi samAjavAdI hai, lekina dUsare prakAra kii| aparigraha ko hama samAjavAda ke nikaTa rakha sakate haiM, lekina aparigraha ko samAjavAda nahIM kaha sakate / samAjavAdI Adarza yaha hai ki koI mujhase bar3A na ho, saba mere barAbara hoN| aparigrahavAdI Adarza yaha hai ki koI mujhase choTA na ho, bar3A cAhe ho / vaha jo kucha apane pAsa rakhatA hai use dUsaroM meM bhI bAMTanA cAhatA hai| kevala garIbI miTAo yA vastuoM ke mUlya kama karo kA nArA lagAne se samasyA kA nidAna nahIM ho sktaa| garIbo yadi miTAnI hai, vastuoM ke mUlyoM ko bar3hane se rokanA hai, jamAkhorI yA taskarI ko naSTa karanA hai to jainadharma meM nirdiSTa aparigrahavAda ko svIkAra karanA hogaa| Aja isI siddhAMta kI samAja ko adhika AvazyakatA hai / isI ke dvArA Arthika viSamatAjanya aneka samasyAoM ko saralatA se hala kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaba taka parigrahajanya chInA-jhapaTI rahegI, vastuoM kA saMcaya kiyA jAtA rahegA, vastuoM ke mUlya bar3hate rheNge| garIba aura garIba, amIra aura amIra hote raheMge aura samAja yA deza sukhazAMti se vaMcita rhegaa| loga daridratA ke cakra meM phaMse asahAya dama tor3ate rheNge| deza durvyasanoM meM jakar3A rhegaa| kAnUna pAsa karane se hRdaya nahIM badalatA, hRdaya badalatA hai jJAna se, ahiMsA se, abhyAsa se / yahAM kathanI aura karma meM samAnatA honI Avazyaka hai| loga hRdaya se aparigrahI hoM, tabhI ve bhautikatA se Upara uThakara AdhyAtmika loka meM pahuMca sakate haiN| isa prakAra aparigraha bhautikatA aura AdhyAtmikatA ke bIca sudRr3ha setu kA kAma karatA hai| vaha vacanAnusAra karma karake adhyAtma-bhUmi ko chU sakatA hai| hamAre netAoMrAjanetAoM kI bAtoM meM koI tAlamela nahIM hotA, jo ve kahate haiM vaha karake nahIM dikhAte-zAyada ve kAnUna apane lie nahIM, dUsaroM ke lie pAsa karate haiN| samAja kI Arthika viSamatA kA samAdhAna jainadharma ke aparigrahavAda meM

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jaina dharma kI prAsaMgikatA khojanA hogaa| Aja unakI upAdeyatA mahAvIra ke yuga se kAphI adhika hai| hamArA deza jaisA bahadharmI hai, vaisA bahubhASI bhI hai| yahAM saMkIrNa vicAradhArA ke kAraNa loga bhASA ko bhI dharma kA cazmA car3hA kara dekhate haiN| musalamAnoM kI bhASA urdU batAI jAtI hai, sarakAra bhI isa bhAvanA kA zoSaNa karatI hai| kahIM urdU akAdamI banAkara, kahIM gAliba akAdamI kholakara, kahIM urdU-adhyApakoM kI bharatI kA nArA lagAkara sarakAra musalamAnoM kI bhAvanA se ucita-anucita lAbha uThA rahI hai / hindI ko ahindI-bhASiyoM para thopane kA be-sira-paira kA nArA lagAkara dakSiNa pradeza ke logoM ko bhar3akAyA jAtA hai| kazmIra bhI eka ahindI bhASI prAnta hai| yahAM kI bahusaMkhyaka AbAdI musalamAnoM kI hai, unakI mAtRbhASA kazmIrI hai, jisameM saMskRta ke 70 pratizata zabda vyavahRta haiN| yahAM ke mukhyamaMtrI zekha abdullA ne AThavIM kakSA taka sarakArI skUloM meM hindI anivArya ghoSita kii| aura "okApha TrasTa" kI ora se jo vidyAlaya calAye jAte haiM unameM bhI zekha sAhaba ne hindI anivArya viSaya ghoSita kiyaa| 'okApha TrasTa' ke adhyakSa zekha sAhaba haiN| yahAM bhASA kI samasyA ko zekha sAhaba ne dharma se nahIM jur3ane diyaa| dUsare prAMtoM meM avazya prAntIyatA yA dharma kI saMkIrNatA ko lekara bhASA kA hauA khar3A kiyA jAtA rahA hai| jaba jainadharma para dRSTi DAlate haiM, taba dekhate haiM ki usakA bhASA ke prati koI durAgraha nahIM rahA, koI saMkIrNa vicAra nahIM rhaa| saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, hindI, aMgrejI, gujarAtI aneka bhASAoM meM usakA sAhitya hai| yahAM jainadharma kI prAsaMgikatA spaSTa hai| matabhedoM ko sAmaMjasyapUrNa udAratA aura zAlInatA se dUra kiyA jA sakatA hai| bhASA ko apane yuga kI vicAradhArA ko vyakta karane kA mAdhyama mAnakara hI svIkAra karanA caahie| jainadharma meM usI bhASA ko svIkAra kiyA jAtA rahA jo usa yuga meM pracalita thii| bhASAbheda ko miTAne ke lie jainadharma kI nIti apanAnI hogii| anta meM, eka bAta kA aura saMketa karanA Avazyaka hai, vartamAna yuga svatantratA kA yuga hai / samaya ke sAtha svatantratA ke prati moha bar3hatA jAtA hai, jo svAbhAvika hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra bhI svatantratA kI khoja karane ke lie ghara-parivAra-samAja se dUra gaye--yahAM taka ki ve zarIra se bhI vimukha ho gaye / Aja cAroM ora svatantratA kA Aloka phailatA jA rahA hai, aise meM bhalA kisI ko kaise paratantra banAyA jA sakatA hai| vyakti-svAtantrya kI bhAvanA jora pakar3atI jA rahI hai| koI yaha sahana nahIM karatA ki usakI vyaktigata, samAjagata svataMtratA meM koI bAdhA DAle / lokataMtra meM vyaktigata svataMtratA ko vizeSa mAnyatA prApta hai| phira logoM ko bandhaka yA dAsa banAkara nahIM rakhA jA sktaa| nArI ko bhI samAna rUpa meM svataMtratA kA adhikAra hai, use dharma aura samAja meM samAnatA, svataMtratA denI hai, dI jA rahI hai| isameM bhI hameM

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adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM jainadharma ke usa rUpa kA prAtabimba dikhAI par3atA hai, jisameM nArI-dharma ke kSetra meM muni aura AcArya-pada kI adhikAriNI banI thI, vaha saMgha-saMcAlaka thii| jainadharma meM nArI ko jo samAnatA aura svataMtratA pradAna kI gaI hai, Aja kA nArI-varga usI kI sabala mAMga kara rahA hai| yaha mAnA ki jainadharma hajAroM varSa purAnA hai, parantu usameM jina siddhAMtoM tathA jIvana-mUlyoM kI pratiSThApanA hai, ve apanI AbhA dhUmila nahIM kara sakate / yuga badalate haiM, paristhitiyAM badalatI haiM usI ke sAtha jainadharma kA svarUpa aura adhika zubhra, vyApaka aura upAdeya hotA jAtA hai / Aja bhI jainadharma kI prAsaMgikatA yuga kI pukAra hai, usa para praznacihna lagAnA apanI alpajJatA prakaTa karanA hai|

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NamokAra' : AtmavikAsa kA darzana bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadeza lokamaMgala kI bhAvanA se uddIpta haiN| unhoMne lokataMtra kI ghoSaNA hI nahIM kI, varan prANitantra kA dizAdarzana bhI kraayaa| isI sandarbha meM unhoMne kahA--'appa dIpo bhava' arthAt tU apanA dIpaka svayaM bana / yahI unakA Atmodaya darzana hai, yahI AtmA ke Urdhvagamana kA siddhAnta hai aura ise hama NamokAra mahAmantra dvArA AsAnI se arjita kara sakate haiM / mAMgalika vacanoM se AtmA kA kAluSya naSTa hotA hai, viSayakaSAyajanita azAMti dUra hotI hai aura vikAroM para ciravijaya prApta kI jAtI hai| jIvana meM Ananda kI hiloreM uThane lagatI haiN| eka vikAravihIna Adarza kA svarUpa sAmane hotA hai, rAga-dveSajanya vikAroM kA parizamana ho jAtA hai aura manuSya kI AtmA AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke sopAna pAra karane lagatI hai| jarmana vidvAn henaricaz2imara ne tIrthaMkaroM ko 'saMgama-nirmAtA' kA abhidhAna diyaa| unhoMne isa abhidhAna se laukika aura pAralaukika donoM prakAra ke saMbandhoM ko saMtulita kiyaa| yahAM jIvana kA unnayana hai, vyaktitva kA unnayana hai, usase palAyana nahIM hai / 'padmapurANa' (97/38) meM kahA gayA hai ki usa caritra kA koI lAbha nahIM, jisase AtmA kA hita-sAdhana na ho| usa jJAna kA koI lAbha nahIM, jisase AtmA kA jJAna na ho; arthAt samyak darzana, jJAna aura cAritra ke dvArA AtmA kA hitasAdhana aura usakA parijJAna prApta karanA phaladAyaka hai, yahAM vinaya aura bhakti-niSThA ko AtmA kA, dharma kA AdhAra mAnA jA sakatA hai| vinaya, niSThA, aura zraddhA ke sAtha mahAna AtmAoM kI caraNa-raja sira para dhAraNa karane se, unake AdarzoM kI upalabdhi se na kevala citta ko sthairya aura mana ko zAnti prApta hotI hai| balki AtmA kA samyak vikAsa hotA hai, usameM paMcaparameSThI ke guNa samAviSTa ho jAte haiN| inhIM mahAn AtmAoM kI, paMcaparameSThI kI zaraNa meM jAne ke lie, unake AdarzoM kA smaraNa karane ke lie mahAmantra NamokAra kI mahimA varNanAtIta hai| jainadharma meM mantrArAdhanA kA apanA viziSTa mahattva hai| yoM to manuSya apanI unnati-avanati kA, apane utthAna-patana kA kAraNa svayaM hI hai, parantu NamokAra mantra kI ArAdhanA isalie kI jAtI hai, isakA japa isalie kiyA jAtA hai ki hama upAsya ke guNoM ko hRdayaMgama karate hue tadrUpa, tadanukUla hone kA prayAsa kreN| aura jaba ekAgracita se hama isa mahAmantra kA japa karate haiM,

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92 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM taba mana vAsanAoM ke bhaMvara meM nahIM phaMsatA, idhara-udhara nahIM bhaTakatA / mana kI niSkapaTatA aura saralatA hI AtmA ko zuddha aura pariSkRta karatI hai aura jisakI AtmA zuddha hotI hai, susaMskRta hotI hai usI ke pAsa dharma ThaharatA hai / NamokAra mantra Atmazuddhi kA mantra hai / yaha kaluSita vRttiyoM kA vinAza kara Atma- guNoM ko prAdurbhUta karatA hai, Atma- parijJAna kA mArga prazasta karatA hai aura zanaiH-zanaiH mokSa ke, nirvANa ke dvAra udghATita karatA hai / yaha kevala jJAna kI, arihaMtatva aura siddhatva kI samupalabdhi karAne vAlA rAmavANa hai / yaha mahAmantra vaha sudIrgha maMjila hai, jise taya karatA huA manuSya paMcaparameSThI pada ko prApta kara letA hai / savAla yaha utpanna hotA hai ki parameSThiyoM ko namaskAra kyoM kiyA jAtA hai ? parameSThiyoM ko namana karanA apanI laghutA aura usakI mahattA prakaTa karanA hai / mahimA - garimA, prabhutA - mahAnatA ko svIkAra kara apane ko unake samakSa apadArtha samajhanA hI namaskAra hai / namaskAra kiyA jAtA hai guNavAnoM ko tAki hama bhI guNa prApta kara saka, una jaise bana sakeM / aura ArAdhaka jaisA ArAdhya rakhegA vaha vaise hI guNoM ko prApta hogA / dhyAtA jisa prakAra ke dhyeya kA guNagAna karegA vaha vaisA hI bana jaaegaa| jisakI jaisI bhAvanA hotI hai prabhu use usI rUpa meM darzana dete haiM / 'mAnasa' meM tulasIdAsa ne yahI kahA hai - " jAkI rahI bhAvanA jaisI, prabhu mUrata dekhI tina taisI / " vastutaH zreSTha guNoM kI prApti ke lie namaskAra kiyA jAtA hai, kahA mokSamArgasya nettAraM bhettAraM karmabhUbhRtAm / jJAtAraM vizvatattvAnAM vande tadguNa labdhaye // arthAt jo mokSamArga ke netA haiM, jo karma-rUpI parvatoM ko bhedane vAle haiM, jo vizva ke samasta tattvoM ko jAnate haiM unako maiM una guNoM kI prApti ke lie namaskAra karatA hUM / saMsAra meM namaskAra ko apAra gaurava prApta hai / aneka dharmoM-sampradAyoM ke logoM meM namaskAra kA naitika aura AdhyAtmika Adarza anAdi kAla se pracalita hai / yaha vaha guNa hai, jisake dvArA hama namaskAra karane vAle ke sampUrNa vyaktitva kA avalokana kara sakate haiM; hRdaya kI saralatA, niSkapaTatA, mRdutA - komalatA, sarasatA, bhAvukatA, yahAM taka ki usakI guNa-grAhyatA kI kSamatA kA sahaja anumAna laga jAtA hai / jaba koI vyakti apane se mahAn guNavAna, jJAnavAna, zIlavAn, mahAtmA ko namana karatA hai taba usa vyakti ke hRdaya kA samasta mAlinya, vikAra, dveSa, mAna, abhimAna naSTa ho jAte haiM, usakI ahaMtA Tukar3e-Tukar3e hokara mahAtmA ke caraNoM para A par3atI hai /

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'NamokAra' : AtmavikAsa kA darzana AtmA kA vikAsa karanA bhakta kA, manuSya kA AdhyAtmika lakSya hai aura usa lakSya yA Adarza taka pahuMcane ke lie hameM pAMca padoM ko apanA avalaMbana banAnA cAhiye--(1) Namo arihaMtANaM (namaskAra ho arihaMtoM ko), (2) Namo siddhANaM (namaskAra ho siddhoM ko), (3) Namo AyariyANaM (namaskAra ho AcAryoM ko) (4) Namo uvajjhAyANaM (namaskAra ho upAdhyAyoM ko), (5) Namo loe savvasAhUNaM (namaskAra ho loka meM saba sAdhuoM ko)aura yahI paMca namaskAra sakala pApapuMja ko naSTa karane vAlA hai, sakala maMgaloM meM prathama maMgala hai| navakAra mantra meM sabase pahale "Namo" zabda kA uccAraNa kiyA jAtA hai; isase yahI abhipreta hai ki mahAn puruSoM yA mahAn AtmAoM ko namaskAra karanA hI bhakti hai, pUjA hai| namaskartA namasya ke prati apanI zraddhA-bhakti ko, yA pUjya bhAva ko abhivyakta karatA hai / pUjya bhAva kI yaha abhivyakti do rUpoM meM sAmane AtI hai--(1) dravya-namaskAra (2) bhAva-namaskAra / dravya-namaskAra meM hama apane hAtha-paira yA mastaka ko mahAna AtmA kI ora jhukAte haiM, usakI mahimA aura laghutA yA tucchatA vyakta karate haiM, jabaki bhAva-namaskAra meM mana kA cAMcalya dUra kara pUrNarUpa se ekAgra citta hokara use (mana ko) mahAn AtmA para sthira kara dete haiN| ___ AcArya jayasena ne 'dvaita' aura 'advaita' ina do rUpoM meM namaskAra ke bheda vyakta kiye haiM / dvaita meM namasya aura namaskartA meM pRthaktA kA bodha rahatA hai aura jaba yaha dvaita bhAva samApta ho jAtA hai, namaskartA apane-Apa meM namasya ke rUpaguNa kA bhAna karane lagatA hai to advaita namaskAra kahalAtA hai| isa sthiti meM ArAdhaka ke mana kI kaluSatA, rAga-dveSa kI bhAvanA naSTa ho jAtI hai aura vaha kevala apane ArAdhya ko hI dekha pAtA hai yA usake guNoM kA hI use nirantara bhAna hotA rahatA hai| yahI sthiti nara se nArAyaNa banane kI hai, yahI sthiti 'analahaka' kI hai, yahI sthiti 'tattvamasi' kI hai| vidyApati kI rAdhikA 'kRSNa-kRSNa' japate-japate "rAdhA-rAdhA' japane lagatI hai; arthAt usakI AtmA kA UrvIkRta rUpa kRSNamaya ho jAtA hai| jainadharma meM jise 'appA se paramappA' kahA gayA hai usakI carama sthiti yahI hai, arthAt apanI AtmA apane bhAgya kA svayaM nirmAtA hai, vahI zuddha paramAtmA-rUpa hai / ikabAla ne jaba yaha kahA khudI ko kara bulanda itanA ki hara takadIra se pahale khudA baMde se khuda pUche batA terI rajA kyA hai ? yadi 'mantra' kI vyutpati para vicAra karate hue hama NamokAra' yA 'navakAra' yA 'parameSThI mantra' kA paryavekSaNa kareM to isameM Atma-zakti ke vikAsa kA jJAna mAlUma hogaa| cintana-manana se jo duHkhoM kA vinAza kare

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94 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM yA duHkhoM se trANa dilAye use mantra kahate haiM-- mantraH paramojJeyo mananatrANehyatoniyamAt / jaba hama mahAn AtmAoM ke samakSa namana karate haiM, zraddhA-bhakti se natamastaka hote haiM to sabhI prakAra ke vikAroM kA parizamana ho jAtA hai, yahAM taka ki apane andara hInatA kA saMzaya bhI nahIM rahatA aura hamAre andara aisI Atmazakti kA vikAsa hone lagatA hai, jisake dvArA sabhI prakAra ke karma - baMdhana naSTa ho jAte haiM / isa mantra ko 'parameSThI mantra' kahane se bhI yaha bhAvanA vyaMjita hotI hai ki jo mahAn AtmAeM parama-svarUpa meM sthita haiM, jo AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke ucca zikhara para ArohaNa kara cuke haiM, ve parameSThI haiM, unheM hI namaskAra kiyA hai tAki hama tadrUpa ho sakeM / NamokAra mantra me arihanta ko prathama namaskAra kiyA gayA hai, jabaki honA yaha cAhiye thA ki satya ke prathama upadeSTA sAdhu ko hI prathama namaskAra kiyA jAnA cAhiye thA / vastutaH satya kA prathama sAkSAtkAra, kevalajJAna kA prAptikartA arihanta hai, jo kucha bhI satyAsatya kA prakAza use prApta hai usI ko muni yA sAdhu janasAdhAraNa ke sAmane vyAkhyAyita karate haiM / sAdhu ne svayaM satya yA jJAna kA sAkSAtkAra nahIM kiyA / mUla anubhUta satya kI pratimA arihanta bhagavAn hai, vahI AdhyAtmikatA kA sarvocca aura pavitratama rUpa hai, unhIM ke AdhyAtmika prakAza se saMsAra kA ajJAnAndhakAra naSTa hotA haiM / NamokAra mantra meM arihanta aura siddha devatva ko prApta hote haiM, zeSa tIna guru kI zreNI meM virAjamAna haiM; ye AtmavikAsa kI apUrNAvasthA meM haiM aura maMjila ke rAhI haiM, satya ke anveSI haiM / anta kA artha hai zatru kA hanana karane vaalaa| yahAM kAma-krodha, lobha-moha Antarika jagat ke zatruoM ko naSTa karane vAlA, ahiMsA - maitrI, samatA - zAMti ke loka meM vicaraNa karane vAlA arihaMta hai / siddha ko karmamukta pUrNa AtmA mAnA jAtA hai / AcArya AcAra aura saMyama kA anupAlana karate hue pAMca mahAvratoM ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha kA pAlana karatA hai aura saMgha kA netRtva karate hue dUsaroM ko sanmArga darzAtA hai / upAdhyAya logoM ko viveka - vijJAna kA prakAza pradAna karatA hai, vaha AdhyAtmika vidyA kA dAna detA hai / sAdhu siddhi kA anusaMdhAna karane vAlA eka aisA sAdhaka hotA hai, jo viSaya-vAsanAoM kA parityAga kara, indriyoM para vijaya prApta kara pAMca mahAvratoM, samitiyoM, AcAroM, guptiyoM kA pAlana karatA hai / aura AtmA kI sAdhanA AtmavikAsa ke lie manuSya ko prathamataH sAdhu-mArga para calanA par3atA hai aura antatogatvA use apane carama lakSya arihaMta ko prApta karanA hotA hai, yahI AtmavikAsa kA darzana hai, yahI AtmA kI AdhyAtmika yAtrA hai, yahI vyaktitva kA Urdhvagamana hai /

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sAmAyika : artha aura svarUpa samabhAvo sAmaiyaM, taNakaMcaNa-sattumittavisao ti / nirabhissaMgaM cittaM, uciyapavittippahANaM // 425 vayaNoccAraNakiriyaM, paricattA vIyarAyabhAveNa / jo jhAyadi appANaM paramasamAhI have tassa // 426 virado savvasAvajje, tigutto pihividiyo / tassa sAmAigaM ThAI, idi kevalisAsaNe // 427 'samaNasuttaM' kI uparyukta gAthAoM (mokSamArga, dvitIya khaMDa) meM kahA gayA hai ki tinake aura sone meM, zatru aura mitra meM samabhAva rakhanA hI sAmAyika hai / rAga-dveSa-rUpa dhyAna yA adhyayana-rUpa ucita pravRtti pradhAna citta ko sAmAyika kahate haiM aura jo vacana-uccAraNa kI kriyA kA parityAga karake vItarAga bhAva se AtmA kA dhyAna karatA hai, usake parama samAdhi yA sAmAyika hotI hai| jo sarvasAvadha se virata hai, triguptiyukta hai tathA jitendriya hai, usake sAmAyika sthAyI hotI hai| yahAM yaha bAta spaSTa hai ki rAga-dveSase-rahita rahanA yA sukha-duHkha meM, mitra-zatru meM, lAbha-hAni meM samabhAva rakhanA hI sAmAyika hai aura isameM tyAga yA vItarAgatva kA bhAva samAhita hai; lekina isakA artha yaha nahIM ki AdamI AcaraNa hI na kare, sAmAyika to AcAra-pradhAna kriyA hai| kriyAvAn hI vidvAn hai-'yastu kriyAvAn puruSaH sa vidvAn / ' jJAna aura AcaraNa donoM ko jAnanA Avazyaka aura lAbhaprada hai / 48 miniTa kI sAmAyika karanA samabhAva-saMpuSTa sAdhanA hai aura sAmAyika kI sArthakatA hI samatAbhAva meM hai, ise hama svarUpa kI khoja bhI kaha sakate haiM / yahAM mana aura buddhi ko eka yA sama kiyA jAtA hai, isI ke dvArA svarUpa ko khojA yA jAnA jAtA hai / yaha eka aisA vicakSaNa svAdhyAya hai, jahAM manuSya vibhAva-se-svabhAva kI ora Urdhvaga hotA hai| sAmAyika eka vaiyaktika kriyA hai, sAdhanA hai, svAdhyAya-jJAna hai| bhAva-svarUpa hamArA sAdhya hai, jisake lie dravya svarUpa sAmAyika sAdhana hai / sAmAyika mana ko niyantrita kara azubha kamoM ko kSINa karanA hai sAmAiya vaya jutto, jAva maNo hoi niyama saMjuttau / chinnai asuhaM kamma, sAmAiya jUttiyA vArA // sAmAyika jJAna ko AcaraNa meM rUpAntarita karane kI kriyA hai, isameM

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adhyAtma ke paripAvaM meM sandeha nhiiN| yaha bAhya na hokara Antarika kriyA hai| jainAcAryoM ne AcArasambandhI niyamoM kA vizada rUpa meM citraNa kiyA hai| jaina AcAra darzana meM chaha Avazyaka karma mAne gae haiM : (1) sAmAyika, (2) stavana, (3) vandana, (4) pratikramaNa, (5) kAyotsarga, (6) pratyAkhyAna / ina AcAra-niyamoM meM sAmAyika kA sthAna prathama hai| sAmAyika meM chaha bAteM mahattvapUrNa hotI haiM : (1) samatAbhAva, (2) rAga-dveSa kA tyAga, (3) AtmA kI sthiratA, (4) sAvadyayoga-nivRtti, (5) saMyama, tapa Adi kI ekatA, (6) nityakarma va zAstra / kundakundAcArya ne apanI kRti niyamasAra meM kahA hai: jhANaNilINo sAhU paricAgaM kuNai savvadosANaM / / tamhA du jhANameva hi savvadicArassa paDikkamaNaM // 93 arthAt dhyAna saba prakAra ke aticAra kA pratikramaNa hai, dhyAna dvArA saba prakAra ke doSoM kA parityAga kiyA jAtA hai| dhyAna meM saMyama aura indriya-nigraha Avazyaka hai, sAmAyika meM bhI saMyama aura nigraha kA, tyAga aura samatva kA bhAva mUla AdhAra mAnA jAtA hai| dhyAna dvArA citta, mana indriyoM kA nigraha kiyA jAtA hai, isI prakAra ke dhyAna se AtmA bhI sthirIbhUta hotI hai| 'jJAnArNava' meM saMyamI yogI ko prazasya kahA gayA bhavabhramaNaniviNNA bhAvazuddhi samAzritAH / santi keciccabhUpRSThe yoginaH puNyaceSThitAH // 5 // 3 virajya kAmAbhogeSu vimucya vapuSi spRhAm / yasya citaM sthirIbhUtaM sa hi dhyAtA prazasyate // 563 jo vyakti saMsAra-paribhramaNa ke du:kha se khinna hokara rAga-dveSa rahita hote hue apane antaHkaraNa ko atizaya nirmala rakhate haiM aise bhI kucha yogI yahAM vidyamAna haiM, unakI prazaMsA karanI caahie| aura jisa dhyAtA kA citta iMdriya viSaya-bhogoM se rikta hokara zarIra ke viSaya meM nirmamatva hotA huA sthiratA prApta karatA hai, vaha dhyAtA prazasya hai| samatva kI prApti hI sAmAyika hai-"samasya Aya: samAyaH tadevasAmAyikam" AtmA kI svabhAva dazA bhI sAmAyika hai aura samatva meM rahane vAlA hI parama zramaNa kahA jAtA hai--'samamaNo jo smnno|' 'sam' upasargapUrvaka 'Aya' dhAtu meM 'ik' pratyaya lagAne se sAmAyika banA hai, jisakA artha huA Atma svarUpa meM ramaNa karanA / 'Aya' se matalaba hai anartha kA pUrNa rUpa se naSTa honA; yahI samAya hai| jo sAdhaka trasa aura sthAvara sabhI prANiyoM ke prati samabhAva rakhatA hai, usI kI sAmAyika saccI sAmAyika

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sAmAyika : artha aura svarUpa jo samo savvabhUesu tasesu thAvaresu ya / tassa sAmAiyaM ThAI, idi kevalibhAsiyaM // -samaNasuttaM AtmA ke sAtha samatva yA ekatva yA ekIbhUta honA samAya hai / 'samAya' meM honA sAmAyika hai / sAmAyika kI sthiti meM zramaNa aura zrAvaka donoM samAna bhUmi para A khar3e hote haiM, donoM Arambha-parigraha ke tyAgI ho jAte haiM / hAM, bAhya rUpa meM kucha bheda dikhAyI par3atA hai, AMtarika dRSTi se ve samAna hote haiM sAmAyike sArambhAH parigrahA naiva santi sarve'pi / celopasRSTamuniriva gRhI tadA yAti yatibhAvaM / / -ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, 102 . 'yogazAstra' (3-82) meM sAmAyika vrata ko isa prakAra paribhASita kiyA gayA hai tyaktAtaraudradhyAnasya, tyaktasAvadyakarmaNaH / muhUrta samatAyAH tAM, viduH sAmAyika-vratam / / gRhastha, zrAvaka kA Arta tathA raudra dhyAna aura sAvadya tathA pApamaya karmoM kA parityAga kA eka muhUrta taka samabhAva meM Atma-cintana yA svAdhyAya meM bitAnA hI sAmAyika vrata hai| samatA-bhAva yA samatva kA honA hI sAmAyika hai| sAmAyika do prakAra kI hotI hai : (1) zrAvaka kI sAmAyika sAgAra sAmAyika hotI hai (2) sAdhu kI sAmAyika anagAra sAmAyika hotI hai| saba padArthoM, vastuoM, prANiyoM ke sAtha samabhAva rakhane vAlA vyakti hI sAmAyika jaise parama pAvana vrata ko dhAraNa kara sakatA hai| sAmAyika kI zuddhatA mana kI zuddhatA para avalambita hai| sAmAyika meM sAta bAtoM kI zuddhatA para vizeSa dhyAna diyA jAtA hai--(1) mana, (2) vacana, (3) kSetra, (4) kAla, (5) Asana, (6) vilaya, (7) kAyA / sAmAyika dvArA 32 doSoM se bacA jA sakatA hai| inameM 10 doSa mana ke haiM, 10 doSa vacana ke haiM aura 12 kAyA ke haiM / kAyA ke doSoM para adhikAra pAnA jitanA sarala hai utanA hI mana-vacana ke doSoM para adhikAra pAnA kaThina hai| sAmAyika kI prAsaMgikatA meM koI sandeha nhiiN| Aja manuSya kA jIvana andara-bAhara donoM rUpoM meM azAnta hai, tanAvagrasta hai, kuNThAgrasta hai| cAroM ora kA vAtAvaraNa viSAkta hai, pradUSita hai| saMgharSamaya jIvana jI rahA hai Aja kA manuSya / hiMsA, kalaha, dveSa, gRNA, krodha, bhraSTAcAra, lUTa-mAra, ww

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adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM corI-DakaitI, rizvata, bhAI-bhAI meM jhagar3A, svAmI - sevaka meM jhagar3A, bar3I hI bhayAnaka sthiti hai Aja hamAre samAja kI / sabakI nigAhoM meM zaMkA hai, bhaya hai, hiMsA hai / mamatA, prema, sneha, sahAnubhUti, karuNA kI nadiyAM sUkha gayI haiM, jIvana registAna bana gayA hai / visaMgatiyoM ke vyUha meM phaMsA hai AdamI, viSamatA meM sAMsa lene se dama ghuTa rahA hai / zuddhatA na vacana meM hai na vyavahAra meM / eka-dUsare kI TAMga pakar3akara khIMca rahA hai, use girAne ke hathakaNDe AjamA rahA hai / santoSa aura zAnti kA kahIM nAma nahIM / adhama se adhamatara hotA jA rahA hai manuSya / sAmpradAyikatA kI bhAvanA uttejita kara nirdoSa logoM kA khUna bahA rahA hai, dharma ko nijI svArtha ke lie prayoga kara rahA hai| jIvana mUlyoM kA hrAsa ho rahA hai aura manuSya mauna sAdhe khar3A hai / zApenahAvara ne ThIka kahA hai - 'duniyA meM burAiyAM isalie nahIM haiM ki bure AdamI jyAdA bolate haiM, balki isalie hai ki bhale AdamI samaya para cupa raha jAte haiM / ' gurunAnaka ne sajjana logoM, sAtvika vRtti vAle dharmAnurAgI gAMva vAloM ko kaha diyA ki ve ujar3a jaaeN| yaha zApa nahIM varadAna thA, kyoMki ve acche zIla vAle loga dUsare sthAna para jAkara sadguNoM kA pracAra kareMge, isase mAnava samAja meM zIla kA, dharma kA, sadAcAra kA prasAra hogA / unhoMne una logoM ko apane gAMva meM base rahane kA varadAna diyA jo durAcArI the, hiMsaka the, adharmI the / yaha isalie tAki ina bure logoM ke dUsarI jagaha jAne para burAI na phaile, ve yahIM sImita jagaha kendrita raheM / 98 jainadharma ke zramaNa Aja bhI varSa ke ATha mahIne bhramaNa karate haiM; calate-phirate rahate haiM aura jainadharma kA nirantara pracAra karate rahate haiM / varSA - yoga yA cAturmAsa meM (varSA ke cAra mahInoM meM) vaha hiMsA rokane ke lie adhika ghUmate-phirate nahIM / eka sthAna para raha kara zrAvakoM ke AcAra ko zuddhi kI ora le jAne kA prayatna karate haiM / sAmAyika bhI AcAra kI zuddhi kI eka kriyA hai / isake dvArA jIvana-mUlyoM ko punarjIvita kiyA jA sakatA hai, unake hrAsa ko rokA jA sakatA hai / Aja mAnavatA kA, ahiMsA kA aparigraha kA nAma granthoM taka hI sImita ho gayA hai / hama pratyeka kArya svArthabaddha dRSTi se karate haiN| samAja meM nArI bhI parigraha kI sImA meM A gayI hai, vaha kAmukatA kI mUrti ke atirikta aura kucha nahIM / usakA pAvana mAtRtva jaise tirohita ho gayA hai, manuSya meM brahmacarya kA nAma nahIM / satya jIvana se khAlI hai phira mAnavatA kahAM rahe ? jIvana-mUlya kahAM rahe ? prApti kaise hogI ? phira mokSa kI sAmAyika dvArA hama pAMca mahAvratoM yA mahANuvratoM kA anupAlana karate haiM tathA samyak darzana, samyak jJAna, aura samyak cAritra ke mArga para cala kara

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sAmAyika : artha aura svarUpa mokSagAmI banate haiN| Aja hama dhana saMgraha meM hI paramAnanda, paramasukha samajhate haiM, parantu svarNa ke asaMkhya bhaNDAra bhI, rAjya kI vaibhava-sampadA bhI eka sAmAyika se tuccha hai / dhana se sAmAyika nahIM kharIdI jA sakatI / mahArAjA zreNika dharmAnurAgI pUniyA kI sAmAyika apAra dhana dekara bhI nahIM kharIda sakA, koI nahIM kharIda skaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA thA ki yadi koI svarNa ke DheroM se cAMda-sUraja ko bhI chU le to bhI sAmAyika kA mUlya nahIM cukAyA jA sakatA / svarNa-dAna se bhI zreSTha hai sAmAyika divase-divase lakkhaM, deha suvaNNe se khaMDiya raggo / eNo puNa sAmAiyaM kareI, na pahuppae tassa / / sAmAyika abhivyakti nahIM, anubhUti hai| isameM samabhAva kA prAdhAnya hai, usI samabhAva ko jise Aja kA viSamabhAva la la gayA hai / sAmAyika karate samaya hameM yaha dekhanA cAhie ki hamArA zatrubhAva, IrSyAbhAva, parigrahabhAva, krodhabhAva, hiMsAbhAva kitanA kama huA hai, kAma-vAsanA, tRSNA-lobha meM kitanI kamI AyI hai| rUr3hiyoM kA anupAlana karanA sAmAyika nahIM, sAmAyika hai rUr3hiyoM ko parimArjita karanA, bhAvanA ko zuddha banAnA- bhAvoM ka. pariSkAra karanA / AcArya amitagati ne sAmAyika dvAtriMzikA' meM kahA satveSu maitrI, guNiSu pramodaM, kliSTeSu jIveSu kRpA-paratvam mAdhyastha-bhAvaM viparItavRttau, sadA mamAtmA vidaghAtu deva // arthAt he prabho ! merI AtmA sadA sabhI prANiyoM ke lie maitrI bhAva rakhe, guNazIla vyakti ko dekhakara use Ananda prApta ho, duHkha-kleza meM phaMse vyaktiyoM-prANiyoM ke prati mere mana meM kRpAbhAva utpanna ho, maiM kisI ke prati dveSabhAva na rakhU aura na koI mere prati dveSabhAva rakhe, maiM aise logoM ke prati bhI mAdhyastha bhAva banAe rakhU / 'tatvArthasUtra' meM sAmAyika ko eka vrata kahA hai (7-21), umAsvAmI kI dRSTi meM 'tInoM saMkhyAoM me samasta pApoM yA pApa ke karmoM se virata hokara niyata sthAna para niyata samaya ke lie mana-vacanakAya ke ekAgra karane ko sAmAyika kahate haiM / jitane samaya taka gRhastha sAmAyika karatA hai utane samaya ke lie vaha mahAvratI ke samAna ho jAtA hai / umAsvAmI ne sAmAyika ko cAritrya bhI mAnA hai(9-18) / samasta pApakoM kA parityAga karanA sAmAyika cAritra hai| 'chahaDhAlA' meM samatAbhAva rakhane kA, sAmAyika karane kA Adeza diyA gayA hai rakha ura samatAbhAva, sadA sAmAyika karie, parava catuSTaya mAMhi, pApa taja poSadha dharie / bhoga aura upabhoga niyama kari mamatva nivAre, muni ko bhojana deya phera, nija karihi ahArai / (6-14)

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100 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM ___ mana meM samatA bhAva zalya ke abhAva ko, nirvikalpa ko dhAraNa karake sadA sAmAyika kIjie / bhagavAna mahAvIra sadaiva samabhAva ke sAdhaka rahe, ata: nirbhaya rahe-"sAmAiyamAha tassa jaM, jo appANa bhae Na dasae' (sUtrakRtAMga sh2|2|17) / unakA saphala jIvana samatA ke Aloka se pradIpta rhaa| 'AcArAMga' meM AtmajJAna kA, astitva-bodha kA varNana kara samatvavRtti kA Adeza diyA gayA hai| yahAM ahiMsA meM samatva kI, AtmavAda kI abhivyaMjanA hai / sva-sattA ko jAnanA, apane astitva kA parijJAna prApta karanA hI AtmavAdI, lokavAdI, karmavAdI aura kriyAvAdI honA hai| samatA ko dhAraNa kara manuSya svayaM prasanna hotA hai, dUsaroM ko bhI prasanna rakhatA hai / 'AcArAMga' meM kahA gayA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra Atmazuddhi ke dvArA saMyata pravRtti ko svayaM hI prApta karake zAnta, sarala bane aura jIvana paryanta samatAmaya rahe sayameva abhisamAgamma Ayata jogmaaysohiie| abhiNivvuDe amAille AvakahaM bhagavaM samitAsI // sAmAyika meM kucha vizeSa bAtoM kI zuddhatA para vizeSa dhyAna jAtA hai, jaise (1) dravyazuddhatA--sabhI prakAra ke upakaraNa zuddha hoM, yahAM taka ki tanamana bhI zuddha ho / mana meM kisI prakAra kA rAga-dveSa na ho, krodha-Avezajanya Aveza na ho| sAmAyika karane kA sthAna, Asana Adi sabhI pavitra, zuddha hoN| mAlA grantha taka zuddha hoN| kisI prakAra kA ADambara yA kRtrimatA na ho / na tanAva ho, na mAnasika saMgharSa ho / vAstava meM upakaraNoM kI zuddhatA vAtAvaraNa ko zuddha kara mana ko bhI zuddha karane meM sahAyaka hotI hai; (2) kSetra kI zuddhatA-sAmAyika ke lie anivArya hai| jahAM jo kArya-vizeSa kiyA jAtA hai, usakI apanI mahimA-garimA hotI hai, usake lie vAtAvaraNa kI anukUlatA, sAmagrI kI zuddhatA Avazyaka hai| eka sthAna kI sAmagrI dUsare sthAna para upayogI siddha nahIM ho sakatI; jaise pratyeka prayoga ke lie alagaalaga sAmagrI aura sthAna kI apekSA hotI hai usI prakAra sAmAyika ke lie bhI sthAna-vizeSa kI apekSA hotI hai, nyAyAlaya kI kArravAI pustakAlaya meM nahIM calAyI jA sakatI, phijiksa ke prayoga kaimisTrI kI prayogazAlA meM nahIM kie jA sakate; (3) jaise pratyeka kArya karane kA apanA niyatakAla hotA hai, nizcita samaya hotA hai, usI prakAra sAmAyika kA nizcita samaya hotA hai, niyama rUpa meM sAmAyika kI jAtI hai| sUryodaya kA, sUryAsta kA samaya nizcita hotA hai / vizeSa bIja bone kA vizeSa samaya evaM nizcita kAla hotA hai| bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke viSayoM, kosoM, TreniMgoM ko pUrNa karane kA, adhyayana karane kA samaya nizcita hotA hai| nizcita kAla aura niyamita rUpa meM sAmAyika karanA 'kAla-kI-zuddhatA' kahalAtA hai; (4) kAla kI zuddhatA ke

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sAmAyika : artha aura svarUpa samAna 'bhAva-kI-zuddhatA' bhI sAmAyika kI eka zuddhatA hai| samatva kI sAdhanA sAmAyika hai| hama samabhAva dhAraNa kareM, samatAbhAva meM lIna raheM aura dveSa-ghRNA se dUra rahakara sadA AtmaparIkSaNa-AtmanirIkSaNa karate rheN| sAmAyika se samabhAva kA vikAsa hotA hai, pApavRttiyoM kA vinAza hotA hai / sAmAyika kA dharma samatAmaya hai| jo sAmAyika karatA hai usameM zatru-mitra kA bhAva nahIM rahatA, aisI samadRSTi kA vikAsa karatI hai sAmAyika sAvadhayoga viraterabhyAso jAyate tataH / samabhAvavikAsaH syAt tacca sAmAyikaM vratam / / sAtvika pravRttiyoM kA udaya hotA hai sAmAyika dvArA, isase AtmavizvAsa kI kAyika, mAnasika aura vAcika saba prakAra kI satpravRttiyoM kA mArga prazasta kiyA jAtA hai| sAmAyika karane vAlA vyakti dvandvoM se pAra calA jAtA hai| 'mUlAcAra' meM AtmA ko pApAsrava se dUra karane ke lie sAmAyika ko uttama upAya batAyA hai / jJAna kI AtmA se ekatva yA samatva sthApita karane ko sAmAyika kahA hai (mUlAcAra 7 / 23) / jaina darzana meM jJAna aura viveka kA mahatva atyadhika hai; muniyoM ke to uThane-baiThane, khAne-pIne Adi meM niyamoM kA vidhAna hai tAki unheM koI pApa na lge| sAvadhAnI yA viveka se calanA, khar3e honA, baiThanA, sonA, khAnA-pInA, bolanA---inase pApakarma kA bandha nahIM hotA / pApa kA mUla pramAda hai, aviveka hai| manuSya ko tanika-sI lAparavAhI aura asAvadhAnI se pApakarma use apane abhizApa meM jakar3a lete haiN| jayaM care jayaM ciTThe jayamAse jayaM se| jayaM bhuMjato bhAsanto pAvaM kammaM na baMdhaI / / nitya-naimittika kriyA-vizeSa tathA sAmAyika kA pratipAdaka zAstra bhI sAmAyika kahA jAtA hai / samatva kI sAdhanA kA varNana 'kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM sabhI dharmagranthoM meM, AdhyAtmika racanAoM meM prApya hai, aura isa prakAra kI sAdhanA sabhI kara sakate haiM; samatA aura saMyama ke mArga para calane vAlA kisI bhI varga, sampradAya yA dharma kA vyakti kara sakatA hai, isake lie jaina honA bhI Avazyaka nahIM / yoM to aneka jaina haiM; lekina unameM samatvadRSTi kA abhAva mila sakatA hai| manuSya ko sabhI prANiyoM ke prati AtmabhAva rakhanA cAhie / sukha-duHkha, jIvana-maraNa, lAbha-hAni, prazaMsA-nindA meM hameM samabhAva rakhanA cAhie, samatA meM rahanA cAhie, mamatva aura ahaMkAra chor3anA cAhie, nirlepa bhAva rakha kara basa-sthAvara sabhI jIvoM meM samabhAva rakhanA caahie|

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102 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM gaurava, bhaya, daNDa, zoka aura bandhanahIna rahane vAlA mokSa prApta kara sakatA hai / yahAM bhI samabhAva kI zreSThatA kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai nimmamo nirahaMkAro nissaMgo cttgaarve| samo ya savvabhUesu tasesu thAvaresu yama / / 89 // lAbhAlAbhe suhe dukkhe jIvie maraNe thaa| samo nindApasaMsAsu tahA mANAvamANao // 90 // -uttarAdhyayana-39 'gItA' meM bhagavAn kRSNa ne arjuna ko sabhI sthitiyoM meM cAhe anukUla hoM yA pratikUla samabhAva dhAraNa karane kA upadeza diyA hai| lAbha ho yA hAni, saphalatA mile yA asaphalatA, donoM dazAoM meM samatvabhAva rakhanA cAhie yogasthaH kuru karmANi saMgaM tyaktvA dhnNjy| siddhya siddhyoH samo bhUtvA samatvaM yoga ucyate // -gItA 2,48 Atmaupamyena sarvatra samaM pazyati yo'rjuna / sukhaM vA yadi vA duHkhaM sa yogI paramo mataH // --gItA; 6-32 he dhanaMjaya ! Asakti chor3akara, karma kI siddhi ho yo asiddhi, donoM ko samAna hI mAnakara yogastha hokara karma kre| yahAM yoga ko hI samatA kahA gayA hai / he arjuna ! sukha ho yA duHkha, apane samAna auroM ko bhI hotA hai| jo vyakti aisI Atmaupamya dRSTi sarvatra rakhe vaha karmayogI hI sarvotkRSTa mAnA jAtA hai / bhagavAn kRSNa kahate haiM ki jise sukha-duHkha eka se hI haiM, jo svastha hai; arthAt apane meM hI sthira hai; miTTI, patthara, sonA jise samAna hai, jo sadA dhairyayukta hai, jise mAna-apamAna, mitra-zatru samAna hai, jisake saba udyoga chUTa gae haiM vaha vyakti guNAtIta hai--- samaduHkhasukhaH svasthaH samaloSTAzmakAMcanaH / tulyapriyApriyau ghIratulyanindAtmasaMstutiH / / mAnApamAnayostulyastulyo mitrAripakSayoH / sarvArambhaparityAgI guNAtItaH sa ucyate // gItA-14124,25 / sAmAyika samatva evaM ekatva kI sAdhanA hai, apane ko jAnane-pahicAnane kI sAdhanA hai| sAmAyika svarUpa kA anusaMdhAna hai, jisameM jJAnAcAra kA maNi-kAMcana yoga hai| samatva ke saMskAroM kA bIjAropaNa karane kA anuSThAna hai yaha / ise hameM karmakANDa ke AvaraNa meM lapeTa kara dhUmila nahIM

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sAmAyika : artha aura svarUpa karanA cAhie, ise jInA cAhie, jIvana meM utAranA cAhie, mantroM kA jApa hI kAphI nahIM, unake artha ko, bhAva ko jAnanA bhI mahattvapUrNa hai| sAmAyika samatva kA bhAva lekara vartamAna meM jIne kI sAdhanA hai, eka AdhyAtmika anuSThAna hai|

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mahAvIra kA dharma : vyAvahArika rUpa AcArya rAmacaMdra zukla ne dharma ke viSaya meM kahA hai-"satyasvarUpa kI vyakti pravRtti arthAt dharma kI UMcI-nIcI kaI bhUmiyAM lakSita hotI haiM, jaise gRha-dharma, kula-dharma, samAja-dharma, loka-dharma aura vizva-dharma yA pUrNa dharma / kisI parimita varga ke kalyANa se sambandha rakhane vAle dharma kI apekSA vistRta janasamUha ke kalyANa se sambandha rakhane vAlA dharma ucca koTi kA hai / dharma kI uccatA usake lakSya ke vyApakatva ke anusAra samajhI jAtI hai| gRha-dharma yA kula-dharma se samAja-dharma zreSTha hai, samAja-dharma se loka-dharma, loka-dharma se vizva-dharma jisameM dharma apane zuddha aura pUrNa dharma meM dikhAI par3hatA hai|" mahAvIra kA dharma vizva-dharma hai, zAzvata dharma hai kyoMki usameM sakala prANiyoM ke duHkhoM kA nivAraNa karanA, unheM dukhavimukta karanA aura uttama sukha taka pahuMcAne kA mArga darzAyA gayA hai| AcArya samantabhadra ne isI dharma ko yoM bhabhivyaMjita kiyA hai dezayAmi samIcInaM dharma karmanivarhaNama / saMsAra dukhataH sattvAn yo dharatyuttame sukhe / / (ratnakaraNDaka) yahI mahAvIra kA 'sarvodarya dharma' yA 'sarvodaya tIrtha' hai| tulasIdAsa ne parahita ko mahAdharma mAnA hai, ahiMsA ko parama dharma kahA hai parama dharama zrati vidita ahiMsA / para-nindA sama agha na garIsA // parahita sarisa dharama nahiM bhAI / para-poDA sama nahiM adhamAI // (uttarakANDa) mahAbhArata meM dharma ke svarUpa kA isa prakAra pratipAdana kiyA gayA dharmaH satAM hitaH puMsAM dharmazcaivAzrayaH satAm / dharmAllokA prastAta pravRttAH sacarAcarAH / / dharma jIvoM kA hita hai, sat puruSoM kA Azraya hai, carAcara tInoM lokoM kA parisaMcAlana isI se hai, yahI loka aura jIvana kA AdhAra hai| vAstava meM

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hAvIra kA dharma : vyAvahArika rUpa 105 jo kucha zreyaskara aura maMgaladAyaka hai, kalyANakArI hai vahI dharma hai / mahAvIra kA dharma-tIrtha duHkhoM kA hanana karane vAlA hai, bhavasAgara se saMtaraNa karane vAlA hai / tIrtha - nimitta se hI saMsAra ko tirA jA sakatA hai - " tarati saMsAra mahArNavaM yena nimittena tattIrthamamiti" ( vidyAnaMda) tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI vANI hai - " dhammo suddhassa ciTTai" - dharma mAnasika vizuddhi meM virAjamAna hai / nirmala citta vAlA, AcAra-vicAra kI pavitratA vAlA parama sukha prApta kara sakatA hai| gItA meM kahA gayA hai ki jo dharma viSAda-mukta nahIM karatA vaha dharma eka prakAra se jIvana-zodhana, Atma-zodhana kI prakriyA kA nAma hai jisake lie saMyama kI atyadhika AvazyakatA hai / saMyama se hamAre AcAra-vicAra kA virecana hotA hai / lekina saMyamI banane ke lie tapa sAdhanA kI apekSA rahatI hai / tapa-sAdhanA vyaSTigata yA samaSTigata dharAtaloM para karanI par3atI hai / mahAvIra ne jaba ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha kI bAta kahI aura anekAMta tathA syAdvAda kA mArga darzAyA to dharma ko adhika vyAvahArika banAyA | dharma kI sAmUhika ArAdhanA dharmasaMgha dvArA parisampanna hotI hai / jainadharma saMgha - pradhAna dharma hai / dharmasaMgha pradhAna hone para dharma kI maryAdAoM kA vyakti ko anupAlana karanA par3atA hai| jaina dharmasaMgha cAra aMgoM kA samAveza hai - sAdhu-sAdhvI, zrAvaka-zrAvikA / sAdhu-sAdhvI ko pAMca mahAvratoM kA pUrNataH paripAlana karanA par3atA hai / ve viSayecchA vihIna hote haiM, na kisI kA aniSTa karate haiM, na aniSTa socate haiN| sAdhu jIvana nispRhatA kA, vItarAgatva kA jIvana hotA hai| sadA hita- mita vacana bolate haiM / anuzAsana, saMyama, maryAdA kA vaha pUrNataH paripAlana karate haiM / sAdhu-muni mAna-apamAna se Upara hote haiM, sAmpradAyika Agraha se bhI bahudhA Upara uThe hote haiM / vaise jaina dharma kaI eka sampradAyoM, vargoM, gacchoM meM vibhakta hai phira bhI sabhI sampradAya ke sAdhu-muni, sAdhviyAM AcaraNa meM, vyavahAra meM pAvanatA, saMyama, maryAdA kA mArga apanAte haiM / unakI pada yAtrAeM dharma kA pracAra karane meM bahuta sahAyaka haiM / dUra-dUra jAkara logoM ko dharma kI rozanI dete haiM / aisA lagatA hai jaise tIrtharAja unake pAsa svayaM pahuMca gayA ho / tulasI ne sAdhu-santoM kI guNa - vaMdanA meM ThIka hI kahA hai muda maMgalamaya saMta samAjU, jo jaga jaMgama tIratharAjU // rAmabhakti jaha surasari dhArA, sarasai brahma vicAra pracArA // binu saMtasaMga viveka na hoI, rAma kRpA binu mulabha na soI // (rAmacaritamAnasa) jaina muniyoM kA pAvana vihAra yA unakI AhAra praNAlI dharma ko

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106 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM sAkArita karatI haiM, mahAvIra-dharma kA vyAvahArika rUpa prastuta karatI hai| yahI mahAvIra kI dharmakrAMti ke saMvAhaka haiM, samAja kA, mAnava jAti kA hita karane vAle haiN| udhara zrAvaka aNuvratoM kA pAlana karate haiN| muniyoM kI bhAMti vaha pUrNataH ahiMsA-dharma para nahIM cala sakate, pUrNataH aparigrahI yA nispRhI nahIM bana skte| unheM apanI jIvikA ke lie khetI-bAr3I karanI par3atI hai, naukarI, majadUrI karanI par3atI hai / jainadharma ahiMsA kA pramukha pracAraka hai| vaha manuSya kI hatyA na karane kA Adeza to detA hI hai, isase bhI Age vaha jIvahatyA kA pUrNataH niSedha karatA hai| kisI ko mAnasika, zArIrika, vaicArika kaSTa pahuMcAnA bhI yahAM hiMsA mAnA gayA hai / mahAvIra ne yaha bhI kahA-'sarvAhAraM na bhuMjate nirgranthA rAtribhojanam' arthAt nirgrantha rAtri-bhoja nahIM krte| jainadharma meM mAMsa-machalI, aNDA, sabhI kA pUrNataH niSedha kiyA gayA hai, phalasvarUpa zAkAhAra ke pracAra-prasAra para bala diyA gayA hai / apane deza meM to zAkAhAra kA pracAra-prasAra cala hI rahA hai, yUropa aura amerIkA, kanADA Adi dezoM meM bhI isakA pracAra joroM para hai| amerIkA meM 7 lAkha gAyoM kA vadha prativarSa hotA hai, usako rokane ke lie jainadharma ne gauzAlAeM banavAne ke kadama uThAye haiN| Aja saMsAra meM vaicArika dvandva adhika hai, mAnasika tanAvoM meM rahatAjItA hai Aja kA manuSya / usake tanAva ko, TeMzana ko rokA jA sakatA hai mahAvIra kI anekAMta dRSTi se / saMsAra astra-zastra kI hor3a meM azAMta hai| rUsa, amerIkA donoM mahAzaktiyoM ke pAsa 50 hajAra ANvika hathiyAra haiM ki isa saMsAra ko kaI bAra naSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai| hathiyAroM kI hor3a rokane ke lie bhArata ke pradhAnamantrI ne bhI chaH dezoM kI samiti gaThita kara janamAnasa ko, lokamata ko jagAnA cAhA hai| mahAvIra ne anekAMtavAda dvArA matavirodha ko samApta kara samanvayavAdI dRSTi pradAna kI hai| unhoMne kahA"vastuoM ke ananta dharmoM aura paryAyoM ko ananta cakSuoM se dekho, unheM kisI eka cakSu se mata dekho| jo vyakti vastu-satya ko eka cakSu se dekhatA hai vaha apane svIkRta siddhAnta kA samarthana aura dUsaroM kI svIkRtiyoM kA khaMDana karatA hai|" ekAntavAdI, parigrahavAdI, eka dRSTi yA manodazA hai isase saMgharSa utpanna hotA hai / ekAMtavAdI dRSTi se vyavahAra meM bAdhA par3atI hai, anekAMtavAdI dRSTi meM samatA, sApekSatA kA bhAva hone se vaha mAnya hai / 'sUtrakRtAMga' meM kahA gayA hai-'padArtha nitya hI hai yA ayitya hI hai yaha mAnanA anAcAra hai| padArtha to nitya aura anitya donoM hai, yahI AcAra hai|" anekAMtavAda jainadarzana kI eka advitIya, mahattvapUrNa aura maulika dena hai| eka aisI vyAvahArika jIvanadRSTi hai jisake dvArA hama virodha va viSamatA samApta kara sakate haiN| saMsAra

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mahAvIra kA dharma : vyAvahArika rUpa 107 Aja viSamatA ke sthAna para samatA kA pratipAdana karatA / samatA jainadharma kAhArda hai aura anekAMtavAda vaicArika samatA kA darzana hai / Aja saMsAra bhautikatA yA arthavAdI dRSTi se dizAbhrama meM par3A hai / kahIM, kisI bhI pala use zAMti nahIM / arthalobha meM usakI vivekazIlatA samApta ho gaI hai / jainadharma yaha mAnatA hai ki parigrahavAdI ko kabhI mokSa kI prApti nahIM ho sakatI - " asaMvibhAgI naha tassa mokkho / " dhana aisI tRSNA hai jo jitanI bujhAI jAtI hai utanI hI vaha aura tIvra hotI hai, artha se tRpti nahIM milatI / jainadharma pravRttivAdI na hokara nivRttivAdI hai, lekina jaina- samAja kucha isake viparIta AcaraNa karatA dikhAI detA hai / vaha eka dhanI samAja hai, deza ke arthatantra meM usakI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA rahI hai| dhana kA ucita vyaya kiyA jAnA cAhie, samAja deza hita meM vaha kharca ho / tulasIdAsajI kahate haiM- "so dhana dhanya prathama gati jAkI" prathama gati kA artha yahAM dAna hai / dhana kI tIna gatiyAM mAnI gaI haiM- dAna, bhoga aura nAza / dAna uttama hai, bhoga madhyama hai aura nAza nIca gati hai / jo puruSa na detA hai, na bhogatA hai, usake dhana kI tIsarA gati hotI hai / jainadharma meM dhana-sampatti ko arjita karanA varjita nahIM mAnA, vaha to isake adhigraha ko parimANa meM, sImA yA saMyama meM bAMdhanA cAhatA hai / mahAvIra ne 'bhogopabhoga vrata' meM jo AcAra saMhitA vyakta kI hai| usakA artha hI hai bhoga kI sImA nizcita karanA, bhoga para niyaMtraNa karanA / 'bhAgavata' meM kahA gayA hai yAvad bhriyeta jaTharaM tAvat sattvaM hi dehinAm / yo'dhikaM cAbhimanyeta sa steno vadhamarhati // " arthAt jitane se peTa bharA jA sake usa para svAmitva karanA vihita hai, jo isase adhika saMgraha karatA hai vaha cora hai, vaha vadhya hai / jainadharma ke 'dazalakSaNaparva' yA 'paryuSaNaparva' ArAdhanA - sAdhanA parva hai isameM tapasyA, dhyAna, svAdhyAya Adi dvArA Atma-parizodhana kiyA jAtA hai / isa parva para varSa bhara kI bhUloM ke lie kSamAyAcanA karanA aura dUsaroM kI bhUloM ko kSamA karane kA saMkalpa liyA jAtA hai / mahAtmA buddha ne kSamA ko bahuta mahAna mAnA hai - " zatru ko hAni pahuMcAkara Apa usase nIce ho jAte haiM badalA lekara barAbara ho jAte haiM, para use kSamA karake usase UMce ho jAte haiM / " paigambara muhammada ne kahA hai ki jo badalA na lekara dUsaroM ko kSamA karatA hai use allAha pasanda karatA hai, use allAha bhI bakhza detA hai / umAsvAtI ne 'tattvArthasUtra' meM dharma ke dasa lakSaNoM kA varNana isa prakAra kiyA hai--

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108 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM uttama kSamA mArdavArjavasatya zauca saMyama tapastyAgAkiMcanyabrahmacaryANi dharmaH / kSamA ko dasa dharmoM meM sarvaprathama sthAna diyA hai / kSamA se brahmacarya taka uttama dharma AtmA ke svabhAva hai| yaha parva maitrI kA, sadbhAva kA saMvAhaka hai| guNoM kI pUjA-ArAdhanA kA parva hai, mana ko prakSAlita karane kA mahadanuSThAna hai, bhItara jhAMkane kA avasara dene vAlA parva hai| Atmika va AdhyAtmi upalabdhiyoM kI sAdhanA kA parva hai| 'tattvArthasUtra', 'kalpasUtra' Adi granthoM kA pATha bhI isa avasara para kiyA jAtA hai| jainadharma ke pracAra-prasAra meM cAturmAsa kA, paryuSaNa parva Adi kA vizeSa mahattva hai| yahI isa dharma ko UrjA pradAna karate haiN| yaha alaga bAta hai ki kahIM-kahIM aise avasara para ADambara, pradarzana, tar3aka-bhar3aka adhika A jAtI hai, lekina yaha bAta to dUsare dharmoMjAtiyoM ke parvotsavoM meM bhI dekhI jAtI hai| dharma kA kAma AtmAvalokana kI ora le jAne kA hai| AinsTAina ne ThIka kahA thA ki jaba saMsAra ke sAre dvAra banda ho jAte haiM taba eka dvAra phira bhI khulA rahatA hai aura vaha hai dharma kA dvaar| jaba paryuSaNa Adi parva Ate haiM to yaha avazya dharma kA dvAra kholate haiM, vyakti kI dharmabhAvanA ko jagAte haiN| 'dazavaikAlika' kA prathama sUtra dhammo maMgalamukkiTTha, ahiMsA saMjamo tvo| devA vi taM namasaMti, jassa dhamme sayAmaNo / / arthAt dharma utkRSTa maMgala hai| ahiMsA, saMyama aura tapa usake lakSaNa haiN| jisakA mana sadA dharma meM ramA rahatA hai use deva bhI namaskAra karate haiN| mahAvIra kA dharma ahiMsA kA dharma hai, aparigraha kA dharma hai, anekAnta kA dharma hai, yaha jIvoM ke kalyANa kA dharma hai, ataH zAzvata dharma hai|

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ramajAna : jaina darzana ke Aloka meM 'ramajAna' islAma dharma meM viziSTa mahattva rakhatA hai| yaha eka pavitra AdhyAtmika mahInA hai jisameM sabhI musalamAna dina meM rojA rakhate haiM, upavAsa rakhate haiM / 'ramajAna' arabI bhASA kA zabda hai jo 'ramja.' se nikalA hai / ramja kA artha hai pracaNDa garmI. jalana / kahate haiM jisa varSa roje pharja kie gae usa varSa sakhta garmI par3I thI, phira bAriza bhI huI, isalie ise rahamata kI varSA kA mAha kahA jAtA hai| rojA "soma' bhI kahalAtA hai / 'soma' kA artha hai rukanA, ThaharanA, yAnI khAne-pIne tathA anya indriya-sukhoM se apane Apako rokanA / pau phaTane ke pUrva se lekara sUryAsta taka kucha na khAnA-pInA sAdhAraNa rUpa meM rojA kahalAtA hai lekina sAtha meM indriya-nigraha bhI Avazyaka mAnA jAtA hai| kahA jAtA hai ramajAna, rahamata, magaphirata (mAphI, najAta, chuTakArA) aura naraka se AjAdI kA mahInA hai| kurAna zarIpha meM ullekha hai-e ImAna vAlo ! tuma para roje usI prakAra pharja kie gae jaisA ki pUrva kI jAtiyoM (logoM) para kie gae tAki tuma parahejagAra (saMyamI) bno| adhika bImAra ho, yAtrA meM ho to bAda meM utane roje rakha lo jitane isa daurAna chUTa gae hoM / jo itane durbala (zArIrika) hoM ki rojA na rakha sakeM, ve kisI garIba ko khAnA khilA diyA kreN| ramajAna ke mahIne meM roje pharja kie ge| (san do hijarI meM, madInA meM) aura isI mAha kurAna zarIpha, avatarita huA (san 612 I0) jo logoM ke lie sazikSA hai|" (2, 183-85) rojA saMyama aura AtmAnuzAsana kA mArga darzAtA hai| yaha manuSya ko antarvAhya pavitra banAtA hai / burAiyoM se bacAtA hai| zaitAna ko yadyapi isa mAha banda rakhA jAtA hai, lekina varSa kI burAiyoM kA itanA adhika bojha rahatA hai-bure saMskAra jar3a jamAe rakhate haiM ki unakA bahuta kucha prabhAva manuSya para par3A rahatA hai isalie zaitAnI kupravRttiyAM use sadamArga se vicalita karatI rahatI haiM tabhI to yaha ramajAna jaise pavitra mahIne meM bhI duSkarma tathA durvyavahAra karatA hai| rojA pUrNa saMyama, saMtoSa, anuzAsana. indriya-nigraha kA rAstA darzAtA hai yAnI roje kI dazA meM krodha na kareM, apazabda na boleM, cugalI na kareM, kAna se burI bAta na suneM, hAtha se burA kAma na kareM, AMkha se burA na dekheM yAnI kisI para kudRSTi na DAleM, kumArga para na caleM-sabhI indriyoM ko pUrNa saMyama meM rakhanA rojA hai / bhUkhA, pyAsA hone para bhI sAmane rakhI acchI vastuoM ko na khAeM, na pieM / jahAM taka ho sake rojedAra ko dAna-khairAta bhI karanA cAhie, zAstra

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adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM kA paThana karanA cAhie-kurAna zarIpha par3hanA caahie| isa mAha ibAdata karane kA sattara gunA puNya milatA hai| rojI meM bhI barakata kI jAtI hai allAha kI tarapha se / ramajAna meM sUryAsta hone para "iphtAra" (yA pAraNA) kiyA jAtA hai aura pau phaTane se pUrva jo khAyA-piyA jAtA hai use "saharI" kahate haiM / binA "saharI" khAe rojA rakhA jA sakatA hai, parantu kucha duzvAra hotA hai / saharI khAnA behatara hai / rAtri meM "namAjeM-tarAvIha" par3hate haiN| usa namAja meM sampUrNa kurAna zarIpha kA pATha eka bAra kiyA jAtA hai aura prati rAtri eka-Der3ha pArA par3hA jAtA hai / ramajAna meM "zabe-kadra" AtI hai jisameM prathama bAra 'kurAna zarIpha' nAjila huaa| isa mahArAtri meM ibAdata karane kA puNya eka hajAra rAta kI ibAdata karane ke barAbara milatA hai| / pratyeka dharmAnuyAyI rojA/upavAsa rakhate haiN| IsAI, yahUdI bhI rojA rakhate haiM / hindU dharma meM vrata yA upavAsa kA vizeSa mahattva hai / kucha loga to ekAdazI kA/aSTamI kA/maMgalavAra kA akasara vrata rakhate haiN| janmASTamI para bhI vrata rakhA jAtA hai / upavAsa rakhane kA prAvadhAna jainadharma meM bhI vidyamAna hai| "dasalakSaNa" yA "paryuSaNa parva" digambara tathA zvetAmbara donoM sampradAyoM meM manAyA jAtA hai jo 10/8 dina taka calatA hai| loga nita snAna kara devadarzana karate haiM / pravacana sunate haiM / zAstroM kA pATha/vyAkhyA karate haiN| saba apanI-apanI sAmarthya ke anusAra vrata/upavAsa rakhate haiN| bhAdrapada zuklA dazamI ko 'sugandhadazamI parva' hotA hai / usa dina maMdira meM dhUpa khene ke lie jAte haiM / bhAdra zuklA caturdazI 'ananta caturdazI" kahalAtI hai| jainadharma meM isa dina upavAsa rakhane se bahuta lAbha/puNya milatA hai| yaha dasalakSaNa parva kA aMtima dina bhI hotA hai / pUjana arcana ke bAda ananta caturdazI vrata kathA hotI hai| julUsa bhI nikAlate haiM / nirjala upavAsa karane vAlA kathA kA zravaNa kara jala lete haiM / zvetAmbara meM ise "paryuSaNa parva" kahA jAtA hai| sAdhu loga dasa prakAra ke kalpa/AcAra karate haiM / "paryuSaNa" kA artha hai pUrNa rUpa se vasanA / eka sthAna para sthira rUpa meM rahanA "paryuSaNa' kahalAtA hai| ise "saMvatsarI" yA "sAMvatsarika parva" bhI kahate haiM-sAdhuoM ke varSAvAsa nizcita karane kA dina yahI hotA hai / bhAdra kRSNA 12 se zuvalA cautha taka ATha dina zvetAmbara sampradAya paryuSaNa manAtA hai / upavAsa mana ko, tana ko nirmala banAtA hai| isa parva kI samApti para saba vaira-bhAva bhUla kara gale milate haiM aura "micchAmi dukkaDa" kahakara kSamAyAcanA bhI karate haiN| jo dUra hote haiM unase patra likhakara kSamAyAcanA kI jAtI hai| ina dinoM "tattvArthasUtra", "kalpasUtra", "bhaktAmara stotra", "ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra" Adi zAstroM kA adhyayana kiyA jAnA puNyadAyaka samajhA jAtA hai / aSTAnhikA parva, vIra zAsana jayantI, zrutapaMcamI, akSayatRtIyA, dIpAvalI, rakSAbaMdhana jaise parvo ko manAte samaya bhI vrata yA

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ramajAna : jaina darzana ke Aloka meM upavAsa tathA zAstra adhyayana dvArA tana-mana sApha rakhA jAtA hai| vastutaH indriyoM kA upazamana upavAsa kahalAtA hai uvasaNo akkhANaM, uvavAso vaNNido samAseNa / tamhA bhuMjaMtA vi ya, jididiyA hoMti uvavAsA // arthAt indriyoM ke upazamana ko upavAsa kahate haiN| jitendriya sAdhu bhojana karate hue upavAsI hote haiM / dUdha, dahI, ghI Adi pauSTika bhojana-pAna kA tyAga "rasa-parityAga" kahalAtA hai| jaina darzana meM kaSAyoM kA nirodha, brahmacarya kA pAlana, jinapUjana, anazana, sava "tapa" haiM / bhaktajana yahI tapa karate haiM / tapa mukhyata: do prakAra kA hai (1) bAhya aura (2) aabhyntr| donoM ke cha:-chaH prakAra haiM / karmoM kI nirjarA ke lie AhAra kA tyAga "anazana tapa" hai / aura anazana tapa vaha hai jisase mana meM amaMgala kI cintA utpanna na ho, indriyoM kI hAni na ho tathA mana-vacana kAyA rUpa yogoM kI hAni na ho yAnI apanI sAmarthya-zakti ke anusAra tapa karanA caahie| islAma dharma meM roje kI jo mahattA hai- tana-mana zuddha karanA, vaisI hI jaina darzana meM vyakta huI hai / AtmA ko zuddha. pavitra karanA, zarIra ko svastha karanA, ise ArAma denA upavAsa hai / isIlie mahAvIra ne viSa-dravya ko tyAgane kA upadeza diyA rasApagAmaM na niseviyavvA pAyaM rasA dittikarA narANaM / dittaM ca kAmA samabhidavaMti, durma jahA sAuphalaM va pakkhI / / rasoM kA adhika sevana karanA rogI bananA haiM, isalie dUdha, dahI, makkhana, cInI Adi kA tyAga acchA hai / rasa vikAra janya hai / dRSTi, kAmavAsanA paidA karane vAle haiM, pIr3ita karane vAle haiM jaise mIThe phala vAle per3a ko pakSI pIr3ita karate haiM / upavAsa se do artha-dhvani nikalatI hai (1) bhojana na karanA (2) Izvara ke samIpa rahanA / paramAtmA kI zakti, Ananda, jJAna, prema jAgRta hotA hai| upavAsa se sabhI dharmoM meM darzanoM meM Izvara kI prApti hotI hai| "gItA" (adhyAya 16) meM vANI-tapa, mana-tapa, zarIra-tapa kA varNana kiyA hai / pArvatI ne apane pati zivajI ko prApta karane ke lie varSoM taka tapa kiyA, yahAM taka ki kanda, mUla, phala, sAga kA hI sevana kiyaa| inakA tyAga kara phira havA-pAnI ke sahAre tapa kiyA aura anta meM pati * caraNoM meM aisA anurAga utpanna huA ki svayaM ko bhUla gaI--- nita nava caraNa upaja anurAgA, visarI deha tapahiM manu laagaa| saMbata sahasA mUla phala khAe sAgu khAI sata baraSa gvaaeN|

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adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM kachu dina bhojanu bAri batAsA, kie kaThina kachu dina upabAsA / puni parihare sukhAneu paranA, umahi nAmu jaba bhayau aparanA / (rAmacaritamAnasa bAlakANDa 74) upavAsa mAnasika, vAcika aura zArIrika zuddhi kA AdhAra hai| isakA laukika tathA AdhyAtmika mahattva hai / islAma nivRttimArgI dharma hai, jaina dharma bhI nivRttimArgI hai / islAma meM roje dvArA mAnasika, vAcika, zArIrika zuddhi prApta hotI hai aura bandA khudA ke samIpa pahuMcane kA prayatna karatA hai, kyoMki khudA kA kahanA hai ki "rojA mere lie hai aura maiM hI usakA badalA duuNgaa|" jaina darzana meM jo tapa-anazana tapa karmoM kI nirjarA ke lie kiyA jAtA hai rojA rakhane se bhI vyakti pApoM-gunAhoM se mukti pAtA hai| indriyaviSayoM tathA kaSAyoM kA nigraha kara dhyAna aura svAdhyAya ke dvArA jo AtmA ko bhAvita karatA hai usI ko tapadharma hotA hai visayakasAya-viNiggahabhAvaM, kAUNa jhaannsjjhaae| jo bhAvaI appANaM, tassa tvaM hodi NiyameNa / / (samaNasuttaM, 102) 'tirukkUla' ke pariccheda-27 meM bhI 'tapa' kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| jo jaina darzana ke sannikaTa hai---zAntipUrvaka duHkha sahana karanA aura jIva-hiMsA na karanA yahI tapa kA sAra hai / jainadarzana ne dasa lakSaNoM meM sarvopari mAnA hai (uttama kSamA, mArdava, Arjava, zauca, satya, saMyama, tapa, tyAga, AkiMcanya, brahmacarya) / "kurala" meM bhI kSamA kI mahimA kA gAna hai| upavAsa karake tapazcaryA karanA mahAna hai lekina nindA karane vAloM ko kSamA karanA aura mahAna hai (pariccheda 16) / ramajAna Atmazuddhi kA, Atmaparizodhana kA mahInA hai| isakA Agamana pratyeka musalamAna ke lie svAgatAI hai| jaba ramajAna samApta ho jAtA hai to zavvAla mAha kI prathama tithi ko 'Idula-phitara' kA tyauhAra manAyA jAtA hai| yaha prema kA, khuzI kA, sadbhAva kA parva hai / samAja meM saba eka dUsare ke gale milate haiM, eka dUsare ko mubArakabAda dete haiN| IdagAha yA jAmA-masjida meM jAkara sAmUhika dokAnA namAja--zukrie ke taura para par3hate haiN| isa dina pArasparika dveSabhAva bhUla kara saba bhAIcAre kA, maitrI kA vyavahAra karate haiM, isa dRzya ko dasalakSaNa/paryuSaNa/savaMtsari ke parva kA sadRza dekhA jAtA hai / 8-10 dinoM taka saMyamita jIvana bitAte hue zAstroM kA adhyayana kara Atmaparizodha/Atmavirecana karate haiM aura saba eka svara meM eka-dUsare ke

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ramajAna : jaina darzana ke Aloka meM prati maitrI bhAva darzAte haiM, maMgala kAmanA karate haiM, kSamAyAcanA karate haiMkhAmi savva jIve mi savve jIvA khamaMtu me / miti me savva bhUyesu vairaM majjha na keNaI // arthAt maiM saba jIvoM ko kSamA karatA hUM, saba jIva mujhe kSamA kareM / merI sabase mitra bhAva hai, mujhe kisI se baira, dveSabhAva nahIM hai / 113

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namAja : AsthA aura dhyAna islAma ke pAMca pramukha siddhAntoM meM 'namAja' kA apanA viziSTa sthAna hai, mahattva hai--(1) tauhIda, (2) rojA, (3) namAja, (4) haja, (5) jakAta / namAja pratyeka vayaska strI-puruSa para pharja hai, use adA na karanA, dAnistA tyAga karanA gunAha hai, pApa hai / 'namAja' kA artha hai namratA, AjijI, pUjA / arabI bhASA meM namAja ko 'salAta' kahate haiM / namAja islAma kA pramukha stambha hai| namAja ibAdata meM-baMdagI meM zAmila hai| ibAdata 'abada' se utpanna huA hai / 'abada' kA artha hai baMdA, sevaka, gulAma / isa prakAra ibAdata kA artha hai baMdagI, bhakti / yadi koI vyakti kisI kA sevaka hai, bandA hai to usI prakAra apane svAmI ke samakSa prastuta rahanA cAhie jaise sevaka rahatA hai-vinamra AjJAkArI / sevaka ke andara tIna guNa hone cAhie--(1) apane svAmI kA svAmitva svIkAra kare yAni jo use khAnA-pInA detA hai, usakI surakSA karatA hai, usa svAmI ke prati pUrNa baphAdArI kA pradarzana karanA cAhie / (2) svAmI kI AjJA kA anupAlana karanA cAhie, usakI sevA se pala bhara bhI vimukha na rhe| svAmI ke prati pUrNataH samarpita rahe-aharniza, pratikSaNa usakI sevA meM tatpara rhe| (3) apane svAmI kA sadaiva Adara-sammAna kare, usakI mahAnatA ko svIkAra kare / sevaka jitanA adhika apane ko adhama, laghu, tuccha samajhegA aura svAmI ko utanA hI adhika mahAna, guNasampanna, sarvazaktimAna samajhegA, usakI bhaktibhAvanA utanI hI adhika zreSTha hogii| tulasI, sUra jaise bhakta isIlie mahAn santa, bhakta samajhe jAte haiM kyoMki inhoMne apane ko adhama, pApI, tuccha samajhA hai; "rAma so kharo hai kauna, moso kauna khoTo" (tulasI) tulasI ne apane Apake lie yahAM taka kahA hai (vaphAdArI ke kAraNa), mere gale meM rAma-nAma kA paTTA par3A huA hai| (rAmanAma kI jevaDrI mutiyA mero naam)| islAma meM bhaktibhAvanA ke antargata bhakta ko pUrNata: allAha ke prati samarpita honA hai--AtmasamarpaNa karanA (allAha ke samakSa) bhakti kA ---ibAdata kA zreSTha rUpa hai| 'gItA meM bhI samarpaNa-bhAva ko bhakti kA prathama guNa mAno hai--- sarvadharmAntaparityajya mAmekaM zaraNaM vraja / ahaM tvA sarvapApemyo mokSayiSyAmi mA zucaH / / arthAt sampUrNa dharmoM ko-sampUrNa karttavyakarmoM ko mujhameM tyAgakara

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namAja : AsthA aura dhyAna 115 tU kevala eka mujha zaktimAna, sarvAdhAra paramezvara kI zaraNa meM A jaa| maiM tujha sampUrNa pApoM se mukta kara dUMgA, tU zoka mata kr| isI bhAva ko dUsare prakAra se 62 veM zloka meM isa prakAra vyakta kiyA gayA hai tameva zaraNaM gaccha sarvabhAvena bhArata / tatprasAdAtparaM zAnti sthAna prApsyasi zAzvatam / / he bhArata ! tU saba prakAra se usa paramezvara kI hI zaraNa meM jaa| usa paramAtmA kI kRpA se hI tU parama zAMti tathA sanAtana paramadhAma ko prApta hogA / Izvara, zAstra, veda, guru, mahAtmA ke prati prema, zraddhA tathA pUjya bhAva kA nAma bhakti hai| bhakti binA prema, zraddhA tathA samarpaNa ke nahIM ho sktii| mAna, bar3AI, bhaya, Asakti kA parityAga karake zarIra aura saMsAra meM ahaMtA mamatA-vihIna hokara kevala paramezvara ko hI parama Azraya, paramagati, sarvasva samajhanA, ananyabhAva se zraddhA-bhakti premapUrvaka Izvara ke nAma-guNa kA anucintana karanA, smaraNa karanA bhakti hai, zaraNAgata honA hai| jaba bandA khudA kI ibAdata karatA hai to vaha usakI mahimA kA guNa-gAna karatA hai, usake prati samarpita hotA hai / khudA ke prati samarpita honA saccI bhakti hai, ibAdata hai / kurAna meM kahA gayA hai, allAha ke atirikta kisI kI ibAdata na karo"allA tAbudU illA iyyAhU" (yUsupha 40) jaba 'lAilAhA illillAhU' kahA jAtA hai to isake dvArA yahI ikarAra kiyA jAtA hai ki allAha ke atirikta koI pUjya, ibAdata karane yogya nahIM hai| allAha kA pharamAna hai--"manuSya tathA jina ko isalie paidA kiyA tAki ve allAha kI ibAdata kareM, usake prati vaphAdAra hoN| jo sevaka svAmI ke yahAM hara prakAra kI suvidhAeM prApta karatA hai usakA yaha parama kartavya hai ki vaha apane svAmI kI AjJA kA pAlana kare, aisA kAma na kare jo svAmI ko apriya lge| sRSTikartA Izvara hameM rahane ko vistRta bhUbhAga detA hai, jamIna se nAnA prakAra kI khAdya-sAmagrI prApta hotI hai, vaha havA, pAnI muphta detA hai, aneka sukhaprada tathA suvidhAjanaka vastueM usane hameM upalabdha karAI haiM to usakI bhalA bandagI kyoM na kareM ? khudA kA jikra karanA, usakI mahimA kA gAna karanA, usakI ibAdata karanA hamArA uttaradAyitva hai / yaha 'hakUkula ibAda' kahalAtA hai| yAni khudA kI bandagI karanA, ibAdata karanA pratyeka manuSya kA parama kartavya hai / dUsarA haka manuSya kA saMsAra tathA saMsAra meM rahane vAloM ke prati hai, sRSTi ke prati hai ise "hakU kullAha' kahA jAtA hai, khudA kI makhalUka ke prati apane haka ko adA karanA / khudA prati apane haka ko adA karanA hakUkulaibAda hai; namAja par3hanA, rojA rakhanA, haja karanA sabhI 'hakUkulaibAda' meM zAmila hai| 'merAja' kI ghaTanA islAma kI, paigambara muhammada sAhaba ke jIvana kI

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adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM mahAn ghaTanA hai| paigambara sAhaba masjida akasA se arza taka kI lAkhoM ki. mI. kI yAtrA kucha kSaNoM---minaToM meM kara lete haiM / vahAM vaha allAha kA dIdAra karate haiM, unake darabAra meM hAjira hote haiM / usI samaya pAMca vakta kI namAja par3hanA pharja kI gaI thii| namAja allAha aura bande ke bIca sambandha sthApita karane kA mAdhyama hai, yaha svarga kI kuMjI hai, pApakSaya karane vAlI hai| namAja tarka karanA gunAha hai, yaha kisI bhI dazA meM mApha nhiiN| yAtrA, rogAvasthA, sabhI dazAoM meM namAja adA karane kI AjJA dI gaI hai| namAja momina kI merAja hai| vAstava meM namAja se AdamI kA tana-mana pAka, pavitra ho jAtA hai| vaha burAI se bacAtI hai, bhalAI kI tarapha le jAtI hai| pAka-sApha kapar3e pahanakara jaba vyakti namAja par3hane khar3A hotA hai to mAno vaha apane raba-pAlanahAra ke hujUra meM khar3A hotA hai-vinamra banakara / usa samaya mAno allAha use dekhatA hai, aba bhalA kauna-sA gunAha, pApakarma vaha allAha se chipA sakatA hai ? allAha to usakI zaha raga ke sannikaTa hI hai / isa prakAra allAha ke bhaya se kukarma se dUra raheMge aura satkarma kareMge / kurAna ThIka kahatA hai--'innasalAtA tanhA anilaphahazAi valamunkara" (ala-anakabUta, 45) yAni namAja insAra ko badI, burAI va behayAI se rokatI hai / yaha bhI nahIM hai ki manuSya namAja par3hane, ibAdata karane meM hI rAta-dina lIna rahe aura apane aura haka, karttavya pUrNa na kare / khudA sApha-sApha kahatA hai-"jaba namAja khatma o jAe to jamIna meM phaila jAo, khudA ke phajala yAni halAla anna (rojI) kI talAza meM daur3a-dhUpa karo aura khudA ko adhika mAtrA meM yAda (smaraNa) kiyA karo tAki tumheM bhalAIkalyANa nasIba ho / " (ala-jumA, 10) vyakti jaba namAja par3hane khar3A hotA hai to sarvaprathama usameM sevya bhAva, bhakti bhAva utpanna hotA hai / use bAra-bAra smaraNa karAyA jAtA hai ki vaha allAha kA bandA hai, aura hara kAma meM use baMdagI karanI hai / isake dvArA usameM apane kartavya ko samajhane kA jJAna AtA hai| kartavya cetanA kA udaya hotA hai / vaha paga-paga para allAha ke prati apane kartavya kA anupAlana karatA hai| tIsare, namAja ke dvArA bande ko-bhakta ko mAno apane kartavya ko pUrNa karane kA abhyAsa karAyA jAtA hai / bAra-bAra abhyAsa karane se manuSya kA svabhAva vaisA hI bana jAtA yAni namAja kI pAbandI se adAyagI use 'namAjI' banA detI hai / jaise ghaMTI bajate hI skUla meM chAtroM kI prArthanA, upasthiti, par3hAI zurU hotI hai, pulisa kI, senA kI pareDa eka AvAja se Arambha ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra kAnoM meM 'allAho akabara' (allAha bar3A mahAn hai), 'haiyAlassalAha' (namAja kI tarapha Ao), 'haiyAlalaphalAha'

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namAja : AsthA aura dhyAna (bhalAI kI tarapha aao)| cauthe, namAja par3hane se allAha ke kAnUnoM kA jJAna prApta ho jAtA hai / namAja meM kurAna par3hA jAtA hai, pAMcoM samaya bAra-bAra par3hA jAtA hai / kAnUna kA, vidhi-vidhAna kA parijJAna hogA tabhI to vyakti usakA anupAlana kara sakatA hai / vyakti ko yaha jAnanA bhI atyAvazyaka hai ki vaha namAja meM kyA par3ha rahA hai ? - jaba vyakti namAja par3hatA hai to usake vastra pAka-sApha hone jarUrI haiN| nApAka vastroM se namAja nahIM ho sakatI aura na namAja nApAkI kI dazA meM hotI hai-yAnI yadi gusla karanA, snAna karanA anivArya ho' aura snAna na kiyA ho to namAja nahIM ho sakatI aura par3hanI bhI nahIM caahie| naze kI avasthA meM bhI namAja par3hanA jAyaja nahIM hai| namAja se pUrva hAthamuMha dhonA Avazyaka hai, islAma meM yaha "vajU" kahalAtA hai| namAja vyakti akelA bhI par3ha sakatA hai aura sAmUhika rUpa meM bhI, yAni bAjamAata / sAmUhika yA bAjamAata jaba namAja par3hI jAtI hai taba use kisI peza imAma ke pIche par3hA jAtA hai, usI kA anusaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| jumA kI namAja, Ida kI namAja sadaiva sAmUhika rUpa meM par3hI jAtI hai| ___ namAja par3hane ke lie jaba vyakti khar3A hotA hai to pUrNa rUpa se ekAgrAvasthA meM rahe--ekAgracitta rahe; yaha samajhe ki maiM allAha ke samakSa hUM, usake darabAra meM hAjira hUM / ataH usameM vinamratA kA, asahAyatA kA, choTepana kA bhAva vidyamAna rahe yAni vaha pUrNataH nirabhimAnI ho| allAha kI mahimA-garimA meM usakA roma-roma DUbA rahe / namAja par3hane kI nIyata' hRdayecchA jubAna se prakaTa kare yA mauna rUpa meM dhyAna kara le ki vaha namAja par3ha rahA hai| donoM hAtha kAnoM kI lI taka uThAkara nAka ke Upara bAMdhakara khar3A ho jAe, najareM nIce rakhe / yaha vaha dazA hai jo kisI bar3e vyakti ke samakSa pahuMcakara vinamratApUrvaka khar3A hone kI hotI hai| kisI kAryAlaya meM hama aphasara ke sAmane jaba ati nirIha, vinamra, asahAya banakara khar3e hote haiM taba duniyA ke mAlika ke sAmane khar3e hoM to kaisI namratA se, AjijI se khar3e hoM, yaha socane kI bAta hai| namAja meM jo par3he usa para dhyAna rahe, usake bhAvoM/arthoM ko samajhe bhI / namAja meM khar3e hokara namAjI kurAna zarIpha kI AyateM par3hatA hai, yahI hai allAha kI vANI ko, usake AdezoM ko bAra-bAra 1. jaba vyakti apanI patnI se sahavAsa karatA hai yA rAtri meM sote svapnadoSa ho jAtA hai to usa vyakti ko snAna karanA lAjamI ho jAtA hai / jaba taka snAna nahIM karegA vaha nApAka rahegA / nApAka avasthA meM na masjida meM jAnA cAhie, na kurAna par3hanA caahie|

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adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM yAda karanA / isake bAda hAtha chor3akara 'allAho akabara' kahatA huA vyakti nIce jhukatA huA apane donoM hAthoM ko ghuTanoM para rakhatA hai, dRSTi nIce rahatI hai aura kahatA hai "pAka, pavitra hai merA raba, mahAna / " ise 'rukU' kahate haiM / isake pazcAt "allAha usa vyakti ko sunatA hai jo usakI tArIpha kare" kahatA huA namAjI sIdhA khar3A hotA hai aura phira khar3e hokara kahatA hai " saba tArIpheM allAha ke lie haiM" / phira "allAho akabara" kahatA huA 'sijadA' karatA hai / sijadA karate hue donoM hAtha jamIna para phailAkara kAnoM ke pAsa rakheM, kohanI jamIna para na Tike, mAthA va nAka jamIna para rakhe hoM aura yahAM namAjI kahatA hai 'maiM apane allAha kI mahAnatA / pavitratA kA varNana karatA hUM / tIna, pAMca yA sAta bAra isI vAkya ko doharAtA hai / 'rukU' meM bhI isI prakAra 'merA allAha pavitra / mahAn hai" tIna, pAMca yA sAta bAra par3hA jAtA hai| sijadA se uThate hue tanika pala bhara baiThatA hai aura phira 'allAha mahAn hai' kahatA huA dobArA sijadA karatA hai / pahale sijade ke bAda jaba vyakti baiThatA hai to donoM hAtha jAghoM para rakhe hote haiM - aMguliyAM milI huI hAtha phailA huA, dAhinA paira aMguliyoM ke bala khar3A rahatA hai, bAyAM paira mor3akara baiThate haiM / isa prakAra namAja kI eka rakaata pUrI hotI hai / do sijadoM ke bIca meM palado-pala baiThanA 'kAyadA' kahalAtA hai / phira khar3e hokara isI prakAra dUsarI rakaata pUrI kI jAtI hai / dUsarI yA cauthI rakaata ke bAda 'kAyadA' meM baiThakara allAha kA stutigAna karate haiM / usa samaya najareM nIce rahe phira durUha vagairaha par3hane ke bAda dAeM-bAeM aura gardana pherakara alaikuma kahate haiM / anta meM donoM hAtha Upara uThAkara 'duA mAMgate haiM / namAja meM jo par3hate haiM itanA dhIre se par3hate haiM ki koI dUsarA pAsa meM khar3A / baiThA namAjI bhI na suna ske| hAM, imAma sAhaba bulanda AvAja meM kurAna par3hate haiM, 'allAho akabara' Adi kahate haiM / assalAmaallAha se 118 namAja meM pramukha bAta ekAgracitta honA hai, dhyAna lagAnA hai / namAja nahIM hai / yahAM kaI par3ha rahe haiM aura mana yatra-tatra bhaTaka rahA hai to vaha namAja AsanoM kA prayoga bhI dekhane ko milatA hai / bauddhadarzana meM dhyAna - Asana nahIM hai, dhyAna aura Asana kA prayoga mahAvIra ke yahAM dekhane ko milatA hai / 'Asana dhyAna kI hI eka paddhati hai / vRttiyoM para niyaMtraNa kaise kiyA jAe ? karmoM kI nirjarA kaise kI jAe ? isakA eka upAya hai Asana / isake sAthasAtha Asana se svAsthya bhI sudRr3ha hotA hai / jo vyakti dhyAna karatA hai kintu Asana nahIM karatA, vaha hAniyAM bhI uThAtA hai| dhyAna se pAcana tantra gar3abar3A jAtA hai, agni maMda ho jAtI hai, isalie dhyAna ke sAtha Asana kA honA

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namAja : AsthA aura dhyAna atyanta jarUrI hai| yuvAcArya mahAprajJa ne dhyAna ko ati sarala bhASA meM isa prakAra vyakta kiyA hai--bachar3A AMgana meM utpAta macA rahA hai| use pakar3akara eka khUTe se bAMdha diyA to vaha jyAdA kUda-phAMda nahIM kara paaegaa| isakA nAma hai 'dhAraNA' / vaha bachar3A Asa-pAsa meM hI cakkara lagAegA, vaha thaka jAegA, taba vahIM baiTha jaaegaa| yaha hai 'dhyAna / ' 'dhyAna' kA matalaba hai citta ko eka sthAna para TikA denA / mana ko eka sthAna para TikAyA aura mana lambe samaya taka usI viSaya para TikA rahA, mana zAnta ho gayA, yahI hai dhyAna / dhyAna zurU hotA hai caitanya kendra prekSA se / kisI eka caitanya kendra para dhyAna zurU kiyA, yaha 'dhAraNA' hai| AdhA ghaMTA taka usI kendra para citta kendrita rahatA hai to vaha 'dhyAna' ho gayA / jaba hama dhyAna karate haiM taba prArambha meM dhAraNA hotI hai / eka bindu para dhAraNA hote-hote citta usa para ekAgra bana jAtA hai, taba dhyAna ho jAtA hai / yadyapi dhyAna kA hI eka aMga hai dhAraNA / jaba dhAraNA puSTa ho jAtI hai taba vaha dhyAna meM pariNata ho jAtI hai| eka aura rUpaka se yuvAcAryajI ne dhAraNA-dhyAna ko samajhAyA hai-dUdha meM jAmana diyA, gAr3hA banakara dahI ho gayA-yaha dhyAna hai / dUdha meM caMcalatA hai, jAmana dhAraNA hai, dahI dhyAna hai|' dhyAna ko pakar3ane ke lie, use bAMdhane ke lie japa, smaraNa, mAlA, tasbIha kA sahArA bhI liyA jAtA hai / prekSAdhyAna meM japa kA vizeSa mahattva hai / islAma meM tasbIha pheranA, allAha kA jikra' karanA bhI ibAdata meM zAmila hai| namAja mana kI ekAgratA ke binA nahIM ho sktii| indriya-nigraha dhyAna meM Avazyaka hai| sAdhaka ke lie dhyAna kA vizeSa mahattva sIsaM jahA sarIrassa, jahA mUlaM dumassa ya / savvasa sAdhudhammassa, tahA jhANaM vidhIyate // (samaNasuttaM, 484) arthAt jaise manuSya ke zarIra meM sira utkRSTa hai, vRkSa meM jar3a mukhya hai, usI prakAra sAdhu-dharma meM dhyAna mukhya hai / citta ko ekAgra karanA dhyAna hai / bhAvanA, anuprekSA, cintA citta kI caMcalatA ke hI tIna rUpa haiN| namAja par3hate samaya namAjI apane Asa-pAsa se, apane pariveza se kaTa jAtA hai, ekamAtra dhyAna namAja meM rahatA hai| hajarata alI (cauthe khalIphA) ke viSaya meM kahA jAtA hai ki unake zarIra se tIra-barachI Adi taba nikAlate the jaba ve namAja par3hane meM vilIna ho jAte the| arabI bhASA meM jise 1. bheda meM chipA abheda-yuvAcArya mahAprajJa, pR0 110 2. vahI, pR0 111 3. vahI, pR0 112

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120 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM 'murAkabA' kahate haiM vaha dhyAna kA hI rUpa hai| jJAnArjana (AtmajJAna) kI eka paddhati hai / 'murAkabA' Asana meM baiThanA hai| AsanAvasthA meM hI bhagavAna mahAvIra ko kaivalya kI-kevalajJAna kI prApti huI thii| jahAM taka prekSAdhyAna aura namAja meM ekAgracitta hokara allAha kA smaraNa karane kA sambandha hai, donoM meM kAphI sAmya hai / khudA kA "jikra" karanA, tasbIha pheranA, murAkabA meM baiThanA yA ramajAna ke mahIne meM "etakApha" (masjida ke uttarI kone meM 10 dinoM se ghara-parivAra, sabase pRthaka hokara ekAMtavAsa karate hue aharniza yAdeM khudA meM mahava rahanA) meM baiThanA prekSAdhyAna ke sannikaTa haiM /

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vyakti : vicAra

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mahAvIra aura mohammada bhagavAna mahAbIra aura paigambara mohammada donoM ke jIvana kAla meM lagabhaga bAraha sau varSoM kA antara hai| mahAvIra 27 mArca 599 I0 pU0 utpanna hue aura 15 aktUbara 527 I0 pU0 nirvANa ko prApta hue / mohammada sAhaba kA janma mArca 570 aura mRtyu san 632 hai / arthAt eka I0 pU0 chaThI zatAbdI meM bhArata deza ke bihAra sthita kuNDapura grAma meM hue jo Aja eka mahAn pavitra tIrthasthAna mAnA jAtA hai| dUsare mohammada sAhaba araba marusthala ke prasiddha zahara makkA meM chaThI zatAbdI meM paidA hue| bhagavAna mahAvIra Aja se 2600 varSa pahale hue aura mohammada sAhaba 1400 varSa phle| jahAM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pitA kSatriya nRpati siddhArtha the vahAM mohammada sAhaba ke pitA abdula kuraiza sampradAya ke sambhrAnta vaMza banI hAzama se the| eka ko kevala jJAna kI prApti lagabhaga 42 varSa kI avasthA meM huI, dUsare ko bhI nabUvata (nabI yA paigambara) lagabhaga 40 varSa kI avasthA meM milii| donoM kA jIvana Arambha se hI vairAgya pUrNa rhaa| samAja ke vyabhicAra hiMsA, adharma, naitika patana ko dekhakara ve karAha uThe / antatogatvA eka ne to bharI javAnI meM rAja-vaibhava kA parityAga kara nirAvaraNa hokara pravrajyA grahaNa kI aura jIvanaparyaMta avivAhita rahe (lekina zvetAbara sampradAya unake vivAha ko svIkAratA hai) dUsare ne bhI sAMsArika vaibhava se parAGgamukhatA pradarzita kI aura 25 varSa kI avasthA meM khadIjA nAma kI vidhavA strI se vivAha kiyaa| cUMki donoM kA jIvana Adi se anta taka tyAgamaya thA ataH unakA mAna-sammAna bhI dUra-dUra taka kiyA gayA aura yugoM-yugoM se kiyA jA rahA hai| saMsAra meM, vizeSatayA bhArata meM unhIM mahApuruSa ko pUjyAspada mAnA gayA jo sarvathA tyAgI the, kyoMki bhArata kI jIvana-dRSTi pazcima ke samAna bhogavAdI kabhI nahIM rahI, vaha anAdi kAla se tyAgavAdI rahI hai| zuddha bhogavAda ko yahAM kabhI protsAhana nahIM diyA gyaa| bhogavAda kA pracAra cArvAka -darzana meM hI kiyA gayA, aura usI ko isa deza ne svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| donoM ke yuga kI sAmAjika dazA para yadi dRSTipAta kiyA jAye to jJAta hogA ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke yuga meM karmakANDa kI pradhAnatA thI, manuSya, pazu sabhI kI bali dI jAtI thii| samAja meM ghora viSamatA thii| manuSya ko koI pratiSThA prApta nahIM thI, hiMsA, atyAcAra, adharma, dharmAndhatA

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124 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM kA prasAra thaa| dAsa prathA Ama thI, yahAM taka nArI kA bhI kraya-vikraya kiyA jAtA thA / candanA isakA jvalanta dRSTAnta hai jise khule bAjAra bolI lagAkara becA gyaa| dhArmika kriyAoM meM bhI nArI ko sammilita hone ke adhikAra se vaMcita rakhA gayA thA / hAM vaha bhoga kI sAmagrI avazya samajhI jAtI thI, isake atirikta samAja meM use koI AdaraNIya sthAna prApta nahIM thaa| nirIha nara, pazu kA balidAna, unakA ArtanAda, striyoM kI karuNApyAyita dazA, samAja meM phailI adharma-vyabhicAra-viSamatA kI bhAvanA se hI to bhagavAna mahAvIra kA avataraNa huA, jisane ghora atyAcAroM, pApoM, kukarmoM kI Aga se tapatI dharaNI ko prema, karuNA, ahiMsA, samAnatA kI zItala-sukhada varSA se zItala kiyA / udhara mohammada sAhaba ke yuga ke araba para dRSTi DAlie to vahAM bhI samAja meM raktapAta, hiMsA, vyabhicAra, pApapuMja, adharmatA sabhI kucha vaisA hI thaa| nArI vahAM bhI bhoga kI sAmagrI thii| loMDI yA kanIja ke rUpa meM (nara dAsa ke samAna) usakA kraya-vikraya hotA thA, dAsa prathA kA adhika pracalana thaa| akasara lar3akI kA paidA honA mahA burA samajhA jAtA thA aura use paidA hote hI jindA mAra diyA jAtA thA yA jamIna meM daphana kara diyA jAtA thaa| makkA sthita kAbA zarIpha, jahAM vizva ke lAkhoM musalamAna pratyeka varSa eka dina-eka sAtha haja kA pharIjA adA karate haiM, usa samaya 360 butoM-mUrtiyoM se bharA par3A thaa| pratyeka kula kI vahAM eka kulamUrti yA kuladevatA thA jisakI pUjA kI jAtI thii| yahI nahIM, jaise mahAvIra ke yuga meM nara-bali dI jAtI thI mohammada sAhaba ke yuga meM bhI yaha prathA thI, araba kI rIti ke anusAra eka bAra kuraiza ke eka navayuvaka kI devatA ko bali dI jAne vAlI thI, lekina jaba usa yuvaka ke AkarSaNa yauvana para makkA vAloM ko tarasa AyA to unhoMne eka jyotiSavida phAla nikalavAyA, jisake dvArA yaha nizcita kiyA gayA ki isa yuvaka ke sthAna para eka sau UMTa kurbAna kiye jAyeM to devatA prasanna ho jaayegaa| phira aisA hI kiyA gayA, devatA kI khuzanUdI ke lie eka sau UMTa bali kiye gaye aura usa yuvaka ko chor3a diyA gayA / jAnate haiM vaha yuvaka kauna thA ? vaha yuvaka mohammada sAhaba ke hI pitA abdullA bina abdulamuttaliba the aura isa ghaTanA ke bAda abdullA kA vivAha suzIla yuvatI AmanA se kiyA gayA thaa| kyA kukRtya nahIM the usa samaya araba-samAja meM ? juA, zarAba bahuta Ama the, yuddha bahudhA manoraMjana ke lie kiye jAte the| urda ke prasiddha kavi maulAnA hAlI ne tatkAlIna dazA kA spaSTa citrAMkana isa prakAra kiyA hai calana unakA jitanA thA saba vahaziyAnA, phasAdoM meM kaTatA thA unakA jmaanaa| hara eka lUTa aura mAra meM thA yagAnA, na thA koI kAnUna kA tAjayAnA /

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mahAvIra aura mohammada 125 vo the katlogArata meM cAlAka aise, dariMde ho jaMgala ke bebAka jaise / jo hotI thI paidA kisI ghara meM dukhtara, to khophe zamAtama se rAha meM mAdara ! phire dekhatI jaba bhI zohara ke tevara, kahIM jindA gAr3a AtI thI usako jAkara / vo goda aisI napharata se karatI thI khAlI, jane sAMpa jaise koI janane vAlI / yaha paigambara mohammada ke prabhAvazAlI vyaktitva kA hI pariNAma thA ki ye juArI, zarAbakhora, vyabhicAra, hiMsaka manuSya bhI yatImoM ke vidhavAoM ke hamadarda bane aura kukarmoM kA parityAga kara sacce arthoM meM manuSya bane, unakI pAzavikatA dUra huI aura mAnavatA AI / donoM hI mahAtmAoM ne samAja ke apane hI logoM ke atyAcAra sahana kiye / tapazcaryA kAla meM mahAvIra jaba kabhI kisI grAmAMcala kI ora Ate to loga unakA IMTa-patthara se svAgata karate, kabhI una para hiMsaka kutte chor3akara jakhmI karate, kabhI unake mArga ko kAMToM se bhara dete, yahAM taka ki samAdhistha avasthA meM bhI unako anekavidha kaSTa pahuMcAe jAte / yahI hAla aisA hI durvyavahAra mohammada sAhaba ke sAtha huA / mohammada sAhaba anapar3ha the, azikSita the ataH unheM 'ummI' kahA jAtA thA, lekina satyavAdI aura kartavyaparAyaNa the ata: unheM 'amIna' ( saccA bolane vAlA) kahA jAtA thA / jaba vaha 'amIna' makkAnikastha eka 'gAre harA' harA nAmaka guphA meM jAne lagA aura vahAM ghaNToM ekAnta meM baiThakara samAja kI, manuSyoM kI patitAvasthA se, pAponmukhI dazA se ciMtita rahatA, apane paravaradigAra se duA karatA ki isa kauma ko patana ke garta meM girane se, gunAhoM se bacAiye aura bahuta samaya taka yaha silasilA calatA rahA to eka dina daivika vANI kA unheM AbhAsa huA aura khudA ne unheM apanA paigambara paigAma pahuMcAne vAlA saMdeza vAhaka manonIta kiyaa| phira mohammada sAhaba ne apane nabI hone kI-- paigambara hone kI udghoSaNA karate hue eka khudA kI baMdagI kA pracAra karanA Arambha kiyA / isa apratyAzita, paramavirodhI bAta ko araba janatA sunane ko taiyAra na thI, koI apane saikar3oM kula devatAoM kI mUrtiyoM ko tor3ane-unakA parityAga karane ko taiyAra nahIM thA / phalata: mohammada sAhaba kI vidrohAtmaka vANI kA logoM ne ghora atyAcAroM ke sAtha virodha kiyA / bacce una para IMTa, patthara pheMkate, striyAM una para kUr3A-kacarA DAlatI, kabhI unake rAste para kAMTe DAle jAte, kabhI una para kutte chor3e jAte, kabhI una para namAja par3hate vakta bhArI vajana rakhA jAtA -kyA durvyavahAra unake logoM ne unake sAtha nahIM kiyA ? isa prakAra bhagavAna mahAvIra aura paigambara mohammada kI sadvANI kA logoM ne unheM kaSTaprada yAtanAeM dekara svAgata kiyA / lekina donoM satya patha para aDiga, avicala rahe aura antata: ajJAna para jJAna kI, adharma para dharma kI vijayapatAkA phaharAkara hI chor3I / ,

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126 sAmAjika ekatA donoM mahAjJAnI, samAjoddhAraka manuSyoM kI samAnatA aura ekatA para bala dete the / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne cANDAla harikezI ko gale lagAkara aspRzya kA, antyaja kA saprema sparza karake vaisA hI vyavahAra kiyA jaisA rAma ne kevaTa ke sAtha kiyA thA / mahAvIra ne dAsI - krItadAsI ke rUpa meM candanA kA bhojana svIkAra karake use vahI Adara diyA jo rAma ne bhIlinI zabarI ko yA kRSNa ne vidura ko diyA thA / paigambara mohammada ne to spaSTata ghoSaNA kI ki jaisA tuma khAo vaisA apane gulAma yA naukara ko bhI khAne-pahanane ko do / usakI sAmarthya se adhika usase kAma na lo, agara adhika kAma ho to use sahArA do, usakI madada kro| unhoMne amIra-garIba, ucca-nimna, choTebar3e ke bheda-bhAva kI dIvAra girA dI aura samAja ke saba manuSyoM ko sabhI vargoM, sampradAyoM aura phirakoM ke logoM ko eka hI prema-sUtra meM ekatA kI, samAnatA kI bhAvanA meM bAMdha diyaa| tabhI to DaoN0 ikabAla ne kahA hai adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM eka hI sapha meM khar3e ho gaye mahamUdo ayAja / na koI bandA rahA aura na koI bandA navAja // 1 // Aja jo jAtIya bheda-bhAva aura sAmpradAyikatA kI viSAkta bhAvanA samAja meM dekhI jAtI hai usase deza kA kabhI hita nahIM hogA / jAtIya evaM sAmAjika ekatA se jAti kA, deza kA samuddhAra hogA, rASTrIya ekatA kI jar3eM majabUta hoMgI / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apanI dharma dhvajA ke nIce vibhinna matAvalambiyoM, sampradAyoM, vargoM ko lAkara eka hI maMca para khar3A kara diyA / sabhI dharmoM ke loga unake 'samavasaraNa' meM eka sthAna para baiThakara divyavANI se AnandApyAtita hote the- mAno unake pratApa ne sAmAjika viSamatA ko mUlochinna kara diyA - tulasI kI paMkti meM rAma sthAna para 'vIra' rakhakara kahA jA sakatA hai - 'vIra pratApa viSamatA khoI / ' mahAvIra ke samAna mohammada ne samAja meM ekatA aura bhAIcAre kA sadbhAvanApUrNa vAtAvaraNa taiyAra kiyA / unake sAtha - eka hI paMkti meM khar3e hokara sabhI to namAja par3hate the, unhoMne dAsa ko dAsa nahIM, manuSya samajhakara usakA Adara kiyA / unake isa prabhAva ke kAraNa dAsa prathA dhIre-dhIre vilIna hone lagI aura loga dAsoM ko AjAda karake unake sAtha apanI lar3akI kA vivAha bhI karane lage / unhoMne karma kI mahAnatA aura pavitratA kA pATha logoM ko sikhAyA / vaha svayaM apane kapar3oM meM pebaMda lagAte, jUtA ThIka karate, ghara meM jhADU lagAte, UMTa kI dekhabhAla karate / jaba masjida banAI gaI to unhoMne taraha kAma kiyaa| unhoMne ujarata lekara makkA vAloM kI bakariyAM carAI svayaM majadUroM kI

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mahAvIra aura mohammada 127 thiiN| eka hadIsa meM unhoMne karma kI mahAnatA (Dignity of Labour) prakaTa karate hue pharamAyA "koI vyakti usase behatara roTI nahIM khAtA jo vaha apane hAtha se kAma karake khAtA hai" (bukhArI 34-15) / unhoMne anyatra (musalima hadIsa) pharamAyA ki "vaha vyakti jannata meM dAkhila na hogA jisake zara (atyAcAra) se usakA par3osI surakSita na rhe|" isa prakAra unhoMne sabhI ke sAtha samAna vyavahAra karane kA Adeza diyA aura yahI bAta bhagavAna mahAvIra ne bhI kahI "mittI me savva bhUesu" merI sabase maitrI hai| sabhI prANiyoM ko samAna mAnanA cAhie cAhe vaha zatru ho yA mitra "samayA savva bhUesu sattu mitteSu vA jge|" (uttarAdhyayana sUtra 19-25) aparigraha bhagavAna mahAvIra, jo jIvana paryaMta nirvasana aniketana rahe, kA jIvana to aparigraha kA mUrtarUpa hai / unake digambaratva yA nagnatva ke pIche yaha darzana hai ki 'kama se kama' vastuoM kA saMgraha kiyA jAye yAnI "sAdA-jIvana ucca vicaar"| mahAvIra ne adhika bala diyA hai dhana ke aparigraha para, asteya para / unhoMne yaha avazya mAnA hai ki vyavahAra meM, jIvana yApana ke lie dhana Avazyaka hai / usake upArjana para nahIM, anapekSita saMgraha para, jamA karane yA 'horDa' karane para ghora Apatti vyakta kI aura use mahA anyAya tathA viSavat mAnA hai vitteNa tANaM na labhe pamatte, imAmi soha aduvA paratthA / dIvappaNaMTheva aNaMta mohe, na mAiya daTTha maddaThumeva // -(uttarAdhyayana sUtra, 4 adhyAya) ___ yadi gaharAI se vicAra kiyA jAye to spaSTa vidita hogA ki nyAyocita aura zuddha niSkapaTa rIti se zuddha dhana ekatrita karake koI dhanADhya nahIM bana sktaa| jAne-anajAne rUpa meM kucha aise anucita, asaMgata aura nyAyavihIna sAdhana apanAe jAte haiM jisase dhana sailAba ke pAnI kI taraha bar3hatA hai; ekatrita hotA hai| nadI meM sailAba kevala usa varSAjala se nahIM AtA jo nadI para par3atA hai varan usa jala se AtA hai jo yatratatra ke choTe-bar3e gande nAloM se pravAhita hotA huA nadI meM giratA zuddhairdhanavivardhante kadApi na sampadaH / na hi svacchAmbubhiH pUrNAH kadAcidapi sindhavaH / / --(AtmAnuzAsana-35) bhagavAna mahAvIra ne ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha ina pAMca mahAvratoM ke paripAlana para sarvAdhika bala diyaa| vAstava meM inake

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128 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM anukrama para yadi sUkSmatA se vicAra kiyA jAye to jJAta hogA ki aparigraha kI prApti ahiMsA, satya, asteya aura brahmacarya ke anukUlAcaraNa karane se hI sambhava ho sakatI hai, jo vyakti hiMsA karatA hai, jhUTha bolatA hai, corI karatA hai, kAmavAsanA meM lipta rahatA hai-kAmAsakta hai vaha bhalA niSparigrahI kaise bana sakatA hai ? vaha to parigrahI hai aura parigrahI ko sadgati mila nahIM sakatI, kyoMki parigrahI hone se AdamI lobhI, lAlacI hotA hai, aura bhagavAna bacAye lAlaca se yaha to sabhI anarthoM kA mUla hai| parigrahI vyabhicArI hogA, bhraSTAcArI hogA, anyAyI hogA, taskara aura cora hogaa| mahAvIra kA jIvana pUrNataH aparigraha para hI avalambita thaa| kyA thA usake pAsa ? vastra, dhana, makAna, gAr3I, bartana, sej| nahIM kucha bhI to nahIM thaa| vaha to digambara the-dik dizAeM hI unakA ambara thiiN| pRthvI hI unakI seja thii| udhara mohammada sAhaba ke jIvana ko dekhie jo araba ke zAsaka hokara bhI daravezoM jaisA--sAdhu saMnyAsiyoM jaisA jIvana vyatIta karate the / unake pAsa vistara ke nAma para eka caTAI thI, bartanoM meM miTTI kA eka loTA, lakar3I kA eka pyAlA thaa| koI AlIzAna baMgalA nahIM-kaccA makAna, kabhI-kabhI cUlhe se rasoI se dhuAM bhI nahIM uThatA thA-aneka bAra unheM nirAhAra hI rahanA par3A thA lekina kauna jAnatA thA ki Aja mohammada sAhaba ke ghara khAne ko bhI kucha hai yA nhiiN| eka bAra khAne ko kucha pathya rakhA thA ki eka musAphira ne/phakIra ne daravAje para Akara sadA dI, kucha mAMgA aura dekhiye unakI udArazIlatA-- aparigraha ki vaha pathya uThAkara smitavadana usa musAphira ko de diyA-majAla kyA mAthe para zikana bhI par3I ho| eka bAra unakI pyArI lAr3alI beTI phAtimA ne svarNahAra pahanane kI icchA prakaTa kI to beTI ko yaha samajhAte hue varjita kiyA ki aise yAnI sone ke AbhUSaNa dojakhiyoM/nArakiyoM ke lie haiN| jaba unakA antima samaya AyA to jo kucha dInAra (rupayA-paisA) ghara meM par3e hue the apanI patnI AyazA se kahakara sabako anAthoM, dInoM, daridroM meM baMTavA diyaa| kurAna meM mAlodolata ekatrita karane se sakhtI se manA kiyA gayA hai-"jo loga sonA-cAMdI jamA karate jAte haiM aura use allAha ke rAste meM kharca nahIM karate unako dardanAka ajAba (naraka-pIr3A) kI khabara de do| jisa dina use jahannuma (narka) kI agni meM garma kiyA jAyegA phira usase unake mAthe, pahala aura pITha dAgI jAyegI, yaha vaha hai jo tumane apane liye jamA kiyA thA to usakA majA cakho, jo tuma jamA karate the|" (kurAna 9, 34-35) / kurAna meM bAra-bAra yaha Adeza diyA gayA hai ki dhana-sampatti jamA karake na rakho, anAthoM ko, daridroM ko unakA haka, unakA bhAga do| isalie islAma meM eka prakAra ke dAna-svecchA se dAna dene ko anivArya mAnA gayA hai, vaha hai

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mahAvIra aura mohammada 129 'jakAta' / pratyeka vyakti ko 23 pratizata vArSika apanI sampatti meM se dInadukhI, daridra-anAtha ko dAna denA hotA hai / yaha eka prakAra kA rAjadeya zulka (inakama Taiksa) hai| isa prakAra mohammada sAhaba ne bhI aparigraha kA Adeza diyA hai / Aja hamAre deza meM jo vastuoM ke mUlya bar3ha rahe haiM usakA eka mAtra kAraNa yahI hai ki hama hiMsA karate haiM, julma karate haiM, jhUTha bolate haiM, corI karate haiM-vastuoM ko corI-chipe jamA karake rakhate haiM aura bhagavAna mahAvIra, paigambara mohammada ke nirdiSTa, upadiSTa mArga kA anuvartana nahIM krte| ahiMsA dRSTi bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apane pAMca vratoM meM ahiMsA ko sarvaprathama rakhA hai, arthAta hiMsA-vRtti aniSTa kA mUla hai| ahiMsA kA artha kevala kisI kA badha na karanA hI nahIM; isa para kucha aura adhika vyApakatA se, gahanatA se vicAra karanA hogaa| ahiMsA se bhagavAna mahAvIra kA tAtparya yaha hai ki kisI bhI prANI ko-jIvadhArI ko kisI bhI prakAra kA kaSTa na diyA jAye, kisI pazu ko dAnA-cArA-pAnI na denA, kisI manuSya ko aisI bAta kahanA jisase usake hRdaya ko dukha pahuMce, kaSTa phuNce| mohammada sAhaba ne niramajI hadIsa' meM eka sthAna para pharamAyA "arahAmU mana phissamA yarahAmukuma mana phissamA" arthAt tuma jamIna para basane vAloM para rahama (dayA) karo, allAha tuma para rahama karegA / unhoMne pratikAra yA badale kI bhAvanA kI nindA kI aura kahA agara koI burAI kare to usakA badalA burAI se mata do, use mApha karo, kSamA kro| unhoMne yuddha ke maidAna meM-'jaMge baradara' meM bhI zatru kA burA nahIM cAhA, zatru ko abhizApa nahIM diyA / mAno unheM zatru-mitra isI prakAra samAna the jaise bhagavAna mahAvIra ko| yaha mAnA ki mohammada sAhaba ne kaI-eka yuddhoM meM bhAga liyA lekina kisI bhI yuddha meM unhoMne kisI kA badha nahIM kiyA, kisI ko AghAta nahIM phuNcaayaa| mahAvIra ne anyAyI ko daNDa dene kA Adeza diyA, rAjya meM sukha zAMti kI suvyavasthA ke lie use ucita aura vaidha ghoSita kiyaa| yahAM ahiMsA kAyaratA kI bhAvanA se adbhUta nahIM, vaha parAkramI, zaktizAlI ko hI zobhA detI hai| gAMdhIjI ne bhI pratyeka sthiti meM ahiMsA ko hI mahattva nahIM diyA, kucha vizeSa sthiti meM hiMsA ko bhI svIkArya mAnA hai| aisI vizeSa sthiti kI ora saMketa karate hue kurAna meM kahA gayA hai "phamanitadA alaikuma phAtadU alaihi"--arthAt jo koI tuma para jiyAdatI kare, tuma bhI usa para jiyAdatI karo (sUre bakara) / pazu-pakSI para dayA karane kA upadeza dete hue mohammada sAhaba ne eka hadIsa meM pharamAyA "bejavAna jAnavaroM ke mAmale meM takavA (saMyama) se kAma

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130 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM " lo| una para savArI karo jaba vaha acchI dazA meM hoM ? eka dUsare sthAna para kahA, "eka vyabhicAriNI strI ko vakhza diyA- kSamA kara diyA gayA, vaha eka kutte ke pAsa se gujarI jo eka kueM para javAna nikAle hue hAMpa rahA thA, pyAsa se maraNAsanna thA / usane apanA mojA utArA aura apane dupaTTe se bAMdhakara kueM se pAnI nikAlakara pilAyA, isa kAraNa use bakhza diyA gayA / " lekina eka bAta meM bhArI matabheda hai; bhagavAna mahAvIra jahAM kisI bhI prakAra kI hiMsA ko nidya mAnate the vahAM kurAna kI zabdAvalI meM mohammada sAhaba ne mAnava ko 'azaraphula makhalUkAta' yAnI prANiyoM meM sarvazreSTha mAnakara usI ke lie saMsAra kI pratyeka vastu kA upayoga nyAyasaMgata maanaa| yahAM taka ki kucheka pazu-pakSiyoM kA mAMsa khAnA halAla mAnA- - ( dekhiye kurAna zarIpha sUre haja 11, 31, 36), parantu mAMsAhAra ko unhoMne anivArya ghoSita nahIM kiyA, yaha to 'mana mAne kI bAta hai, svabhAva aura ruci kI bAta hai / ahiMsA ke kSetra meM bha0 mahAvIra vizva ke sabhI dharma pravartakoM evaM mahApuruSoM meM vizeSa sthAna rakhate haiM / nArI- uddhAra bhagavAna mahAvIra ne nArI kI patitAvasthA ko dekhakara aura yuga kI nAr3I para hAtha rakhakara nArI ko sacce arthoM meM arddhAMginI aura sahadharmiNI mAnA | 'dhamma sahAyA' - vaha dharma kI sahAyikA mAnI gaI / jo kucha samaya pUrva bhogavilAsa kI sAmagrI mAnI jAtI thI, gaNikA, vezyA, krItadAsI samabhI jAtI thI, aba vaha samAja kA eka sammAnita aMga bana gii| yahI nahIM mahAvIra ne unako bhikSuNI saMgha meM dIkSita kara use zocanIya avasthA me Upara ubArA / mohammada sAhaba ne bhI nArI - uddhAra meM stutya kArya kiyA / unhoMne bhI nArI ke bhogavilAsa kI vastu, kuladAsI, loMDI yA kanIja, vezyA jaise ghRNita rUpoM ko samAja se ucchinna kiyA aura use samAnatA kA adhikAra pradAna kiyA vaha samAnatA kA adhikAra jisake lie Aja Der3ha hajAra varSa bAda 'tathAkathita sarvonnata dezoM meM nAriyAM sar3akoM para pradarzana karatI haiM, sabhAeM Ayojita karatI haiN| kurAna meM kahA gayA hai - "yaha tumhAre lie nyAyocita nahIM ki striyoM ko unakI icchA ke khilApha varase ke taura para lo (kurAna 4, 19 ) / "mardoM ko usase hissA milegA jo mAM-bApa, parijana chor3eM (4, 7) / " isa prakAra striyoM ko pitA, pati kI jAyadAda kA bhAgI karAra diyA gayA / vidhavA ke punarvivAha ko bhI mohammada sAhaba ne ucita ThaharAyA | talAka - sambandha viccheda kI bAta kurAna meM AI hai lekina yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki "allAha talAka dene vAloM samajhatA / " yAnI talAka kI ijAjata to hai lekina binA ko acchA nahIM bAta yA jaba jI

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mahAvIra aura mohammada 131 cAhA talAka de diyA yaha bAta nApasaMda kI gaI hai| yoM to islAma meM cAra striyoM se vivAha karane kI bAta svIkAra kI gaI hai, parantu yaha koI anivArya nhiiN| kucha vizeSa paristhitiyoM athavA dazAoM meM hI aisA vidhAna hai| puruSa kI Arthika dazA, zarIra-sAmarthya kA bhI isameM khAsa dakhala hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki bhagavAna mahAvIra aura paigambara ke alagaalaga yuga meM aura alaga-alaga dezoM meM avatarita hone para bhI donoM ke vicAroM meM bahuta samAnatA hai, donoM kI sAmAjika dRSTi eka jaisI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne sabase adhika bala zuddhAcaraNa para diyA jisake lie unhoMne ahiMsA, satya, asteya Adi pAMca vratoM ke anukUla AcaraNa karane kA upadeza diyA tathA triratna meM samyak AcaraNa ko zreSTha maanaa| mohammada sAhaba ne 'hadIsa bukhArI' meM pharamAyA, "tuma logoM meM sabase adhika priya mujhe vaha hai jo tumameM AcaraNa kI dRSTi se sabase acch| hai|" dono mahAtmAoM ne aparigraha kA upadeza diyA hai / kAza, sabhI unake ina sadupadezoM ko apane AcaraNa meM utArate to phira naitika patana, ghUsakhorI, mahaMgAI ke rasAtala kI ora samAja na jA paataa| bhagavAna mahAvIra aMtima tIrthaMkara the-24veM tiirthNkr| tIrthaMkara se abhiprAya hai jisase saMsAra-sAgara kA saMtaraNa kiyA jAya, pAra kiyA jAya use tIrtha kahate haiM aura jo aise tIrtha ko kare' saMsAra-sAgara ke saMtaraNa kA mArga batalAe use tIrthaMkara kahate haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne logoM ko isa bhava-sAgara se pAra hone kA mArga drshaayaa| paigambara mohammada aMtima paigambara the, unase pahale hajAroM paigambara ho cuke / paigambara arthAta paigAma-saMdezA lAne vAlA, vaha bhagavAna kA saMdezA logoM taka lAye aura usa saMdeza ko logoM ko duniyAe phAnI se (bhaguratva) nijAta dilaayii| donoM vItarAgI aura sarvajJa the| unhoMne bAhyayudhoM se logoM ko nahIM jItA, Antarika AyudhoM se vijaya prApta kI-mana para vijaya / tabhI to unakA prabhAva Aja taka akSuNNa hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne koI navIna dharma kI sthApanA nahIM kI, kevala dharma meM khoI AsthA kI punarsthApanA kii| paigambara mohammada ne bhI sahasroM varSoM se cale Ate islAma dharma meM hI punaH prANa phUMke--unhoMne bhI koI navIna dharma kA pravartana nahIM kiyaa| ina donoM mahAtmAoM ne jiMdA manuSyoM ko katroM se, zmazAna se uThAkara punarjIvana diyaa| Aja hamAre netroM meM unakA jIvana tairatA hai, ragoM meM unakI pAvana vANI daur3atI hai| itihAsa aura sAhitya ke pRSThoM para unake jIvana phUla barasa rahe haiN| kitanA dRSTi sAmya hai donoM meN|

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tIrthakaroM kI paramparA aura mahAvIra 'tIrthaMkara' zabda tIrtha se banA hai| tIrtha kA zabdArtha hai taTa, ghATa, phorDa / jahAM nadI itanI kama gaharI ho ki AsAnI se use pAra kara sakeM, use ghATa kahate haiN| jahAM naukA dvArA nadI yA jhIla ko eka kinAre se dUsare kinAre taka pAra kara sakeM, use bhI ghATa kahate haiN| dUsare, 'tIrtha' pAvana nadI meM snAna karane, dharma-sthAnoM kI yAtrA karane ko bhI tIrtha kahate haiN| isake dvArA bhI manuSya mokSa-prApti kI kAmanA karatA hai| ye mokSa-prApti ke sAdhana haiM / dhArmika dRSTi se jo saMsAra-sAgara yA jo aise dharmatIrtha kA kartAnirmAtA ho, use 'tIrthaMkara' kahA jAtA hai tIrthaM karoti iti tIrthaMkara ---saMsAra-sAgara ko pAra karAnevAle yA pAra karAne ke lie dharmatIrtha kI sthApanA karanevAle / isa prakAra yaha zabda jaina dharma meM bahuta rUr3ha ho gayA hai aura vahAM tIrthaMkara ko mokSamArga kA pravartaka mahApuruSa mAnA jAtA hai / tIrthakara AtmajJAna kA, AtmavidyA kA, AtmavizvAsa kA paryAya, gaharA vyaMjanAtmaka zabda hai| tIrthaMkara zabda kA prayoga mahAvIra ke yuga meM anya sampradAyoM meM bhI pracalita thaa| Ajakala tIrthaMkara zabda kevala jainadharma se jur3A hai, anya kisI dharma meM isa zabda kA prayoga nahIM kiyA jaataa| bhAratavarSa meM tIrthaMkaroM kI saMkhyA caubIsa hai aura inakI paramparA ati prAcIna hai / vaidika padmapurANa (5/14) meM kahA gayA hai asminvaya bhArate varSe janma vai zrAvake kule tapasA yuktamAtmAnaM kezotpATana pUrvakam tIrthaMkarAzcaturvizattathAtaistu puraskRtam chAyAkRtaM phaNIndreNa dhyAnamAtra pradezikam / ___ arthAta-isa bhAratavarSa meM 24 tIrthaMkara zrAvaka kula (kSatriya) meM utpanna hue| unhoMne kezaluMcanapUrvaka tapasyA meM apane Apako yukta kiyA / unhoMne isa nirgrantha digambara pada ko puraskRta kiyaa| jaba-jaba ve dhyAna meM lIna hote the, phaNIMdra nAgarAja unake Upara chAyA karate the| tIrthaMkaroM meM Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhanAtha aura antima tIrthaMkara mahAvIra haiM / tIrthakaroM kI kula saMkhyA caubIsa haiM RSabhanAtha, ajitanAtha, saMbhavanAtha, abhinandananAtha, sumatinAtha, padmaprabhanAtha, supArzvanAtha, caMdraprabhanAtha, puSpadaMtanAtha, zItalanAtha, zreyAsanAtha,

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tIrthaMkaroM kI paramparA aura mahAvIra 133 vAsupUjyanAtha, vimalanAtha, anantanAtha, dharmanAtha, zAntinAtha, kuMthunAtha, arahanAtha, mallinAtha, munisuvratanAtha, naminAtha, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha aura mhaaviir| tIrthaMkaroM kI vizeSatAeM ___ tIrthaMkaroM kI kucha vizeSatAeM dRSTavya haiM-unake zarIra meM pasInA nahIM AtA, unakA zarIra sugandhapUrNa aura rakta dUdha jaisA zveta hotA hai / zarIra rUpavAna, nirmala tathA 1008 lakSaNoM se yukta hotA hai| ve balazAlI, mitabhASI, hitakArI, priyavacana bolanevAle hote haiN| unake zarIra ko chAyA nahIM pdd'tii| ve saba vidyAoM ke jJAtA hote haiN| unake na nAkhUna bar3hate haiM aura na keza bar3hate haiM / jaba ve vihAra karate haiM dizAeM nirmala, AkAza nirabhra hote haiM / havA meM sugandha ghula jAtI hai, pRthvI dhana-dhAnya se paripUrNa ho jAtI hai| pratyeka tIrthaMkara kA apanA caityavRkSa aura cihna hotA hai| 24 tIrthaMkaroM ke kramazaH caityavRkSa ye haiM-vaTa, zaktipUrNa-saptaparNa, zAla, sarala, priyaMgu, vaTa, zirISa, priyaMgu, mAlUra, plakSa, pIpala, tiMduka, pATalA, jAmuna, azvatthapIpala, dadhiparNa, nandi, pilakkhU, Amra, azoka, caMpaka, maulazrI, vetasa, dhava, zAla / tIrthaMkaroM ke cihna tIrthaMkaroM ke cihna kramazaH ye haiM-vRSabha, hAthI, azva, bandara, cakavA --krauMca, kamala, svastika, caMdramA, makara, zrIvatsa, geMDA, mahiSa, varAha, zyena, vajra, mRga, bakarA, naMdyAvarta, kalaza, kUrma, nIla kamala, zaMkha, sarpa, siNh| - tIrthaMkaroM kI sudIrgha paramparA meM prathama tIrthaMkara AdinAtha RSabhadeva mAne jAte haiM / vedoM-purANoM meM unakA nAmollekha milatA hai| RSabhadeva kA vizada caritAMkana zrImadbhAgavata meM prApta hai| ziva purANa (4,48) meM ziva ne RSabha ko apanA avatAra mAnA hai-- itthaMprabhava RSabho'vatArI hi zivasya me satAM gatirdInabaMdhurnavabhaH kathita rattava / bhAgavata meM RSabhadeva ke eka sau putroM meM se eka bharata ke nAma para hI isa deza kA nAma 'bhAratavarSa' par3A batAyA gayA hai yeSAM khalu mahAyogI bharato jyeSThaH zreSThaguNazcAsIt / yenedaM varSa bhAratamiti vyapadizaMti // (bhAgavata, 5/4) prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ne 13 janmoM meM tIrthaMkaratva kI sAdhanA kI thii| vaha eka janma meM jIvAnanda nAmaka vaidya the aura apanI cikitsA se eka kuSTha rogI muni ko svastha kiyA thA tathA muni ke nirmala upadezoM ko

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adhyAtma ke parisArzva meM sunakara AtmasAdhanA kii| agale janma meM vajranAbha nAma ke cakravartI rAjA bane aura janmAMtara meM tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva hue| RSabhadeva kA janma ayodhyA meM pitA nAbhirAya va mAtA marudevI ke yahAM huaa| RSabhadeva ke do patniyAM thIM-sunandA aura sumaMgalA / sunandA ke eka putra bAhubalI aura putrI suMdarI the| inake putroM kI saMkhyA 98 aura 99 batAyI jAtI hai| sumaMgalA ke putra kA nAma bharata aura putrI kA nAma brAhmI thaa| RSabha ne brAhmI ko lipi aura suMdarI ko gaNita vidyA sikhaayii| bharata kalAoM ke jJAtA the aura bAhubalI ko prANI-lakSaNa kA parijJAna thaa| RSabha ne logoM ko karma kI preraNA dI tathA karma-vyavasthA ko chaha bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA-(1) asi, (2) masi, (3) kRSi, (4) vidyA, (5) zilpa, (6) vANijya / unhoMne daMDa-vyava thA kA bhI vidhAna kiyA / sAmAjika aura prazAsanika vyavasthA karane ke bAda vaha saMnyAsI bana gaye tathA ghora-kaThora sAdhanA meM lIna ho ge| unakA uttarAdhikAra bharata ne saMbhAlA, bAhubalI podanapura ke rAjA bana gae / bharata ne apane zAsana kA vistAra kara aneka rAjyoM ko adhInastha banA liyA, parantu bAhubalI ne unakI adhInatA svIkAra nahIM kii| isa para donoM bhAiyoM meM eka vilakSaNa yuddha huA(1) eka dUsare ko apalaka dekhane kA, (2) eka dUsare para jala uchAlane kA, (3) mallayuddha / isameM bAhubalI vijayI hue aura bAda meM unhoMne apanA rAjya, jo bhAiyoM meM kalaha kA kAraNa thA, bharata ko de diyA aura saMnyasta ho gae tathA kAyotsarga mudrA meM dhyAnamagna rahakara bahuta samaya taka tapa karate rahe / bharata kI kSamAyAcanA para unake mana kI zalya nikalI aura vaha kevalajJAnI ho ge| tIrthaMkara kevala kSatriyakula meM 24 tIrthaMkaroM meM kevala 5 tIrthaMkaroM ne vivAha nahIM kiyA thA, ve Ajanma brahmacArI rahe / ve haiM-vAsupUjya, mallinAtha, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra / vaise isa mata meM digambara aura zvetAmbara paramparA meM kucha virodha hai / tIrthaMkara kevala kSatriya kula meM utpanna hote haiN| sabhI tIrthaMkara rAjakula meM utpanna hue aura apane pUrva janma ke tIrthaMkaratva kA smaraNa kara, athavA atibhoga aura Asakti dekhakara unameM vairAgya utpanna huA aura ve saMnyasta ho gae yA phira kisI muni ke jJAnopadeza tathA ghora hisA ke kAraNa unhoMne jina-dIkSA lii| neminAtha bAIsaveM tIrthaMkara the| pazu-hiMsA kI kalpanA kara hI vaha saMnyasta ho ge| neminAtha vAsudeva kRSNa ke cacere bhAI the / kRSNa aura neminAtha kI jIvana-ghaTanAoM kA kAphI varNana milatA hai| neminAtha kI

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tIrthaMkaroM kI paramparA aura mahAvIra 135 bArAta jUnAgar3ha pahuMcI, to unheM saikar3oM pazuoM kI karuNa cItkAra sunAyI dii| vaha vyAkula ho utthe| unhoMne sArathI se isakA kAraNa pUchA, to sArathI ne kahA ki unakA mAMsa atithiyoM ke kAma aaegaa| phira kyA thA ! neminAtha ne vivAha se sApha inakAra kara diyA aura vivAha kI vezabhUSA utAra pheMkI tathA giranAra parvata para jAkara jina-dIkSA le lii| teIsaveM tIrthakara pArzvanAtha the| pArzvanAtha kI mUrti ke Upara sarpa kA phaNa banAyA jAtA hai, kyoMki, unake jIvana meM soM kA vizeSa mahattva thaa| unhoMne eka bAra eka sAdhu ko paMcAgni tapa karate dekhA aura jalatI huI lakar3I meM sAMpa ke jor3e para unakI dRSTi par3I, jinheM unake Agraha para lakar3I kATakara bacAyA gyaa| bAda meM pArzvanAtha saMnyasta ho ge| unhoMne cAturyAma dharma kA upadeza diyA-(1) ahiMsA, (2) satya, (3) asteya, (4) aparigraha / mahAvIra aura unakA yuga __pArzvanAtha ke tIna sau varSa bAda mahAvIra utpanna hue aura unhoMne cAturyAma meM brahmacarya ko aura zAmila kara diyaa| isa prakAra mahAvIra ne pAMca aNuvratoM kA upadeza diyA; ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha / mahAvIra jainadharma ke 24 veM tIrthaMkara haiM aura antima haiN| unakA yuga dharmAMdhatA se bharA thA / Arthika viSamatA aura varga-bheda bar3ha rahA thaa| dharma meM kriyAkAMDa phailA huA thA, pazubali-narabali kA rivAja thaa| striyoM ko samAja meM hIna aura bhoga-sAmagrI samajhA jAtA thaa| dAsa-prathA phailI thii| mahAvIra kI avasthA jaise bar3hatI gayI, unakA buddhi-vaibhava bhI bar3hane lgaa| samAja kI durdazA dekhakara vaha cintita rahane lge| prabhutA aura aizvarva meM unakA dama ghuTane lagA aura dhIre-dhIre unameM vairAgyabhAva utpanna hone lgaa| kahate haiM, mAtA-pitA ne unakI yaha avasthA dekhakara kaliMga nareza kI parama suMdarI kanyA yazodA se vivAha kara diyA, dUsarI paramparA unheM avivAhita mAnatI hai| mAtA-pitA ke nidhanoparAMta vaha bhAI nandivardhana se AjJA lekara pravajita ho gae, jina-dIkSA le lii| 30 varSa kI bharI javAnI meM IsApUrva 569 meM vaha dIkSita hue| dIkSArtha jAte hue mahAvIra ke caraNoM para harikezI cAMDAla gira par3A, jise sasneha apane gale lagAkara mahAvIra ne mAnava-ekatA kA apanA mizana zurU kiyA, nahIM to usa yuga meM achUta cANDAla kI chAyA se bhI loga dUra rahate the| mahAvIra ne sAr3he bAraha varSa taka ghora tapa aura ekAMta ciMtana kiyaa| isa avadhi meM kaI-eka ghaTanAeM unake jIvana meM ghaTita huii| prathama dezanA mahAvIra ne apanI prathama dezanA meM kahA-uppaNei vA viNassei vA

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136 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM dhuvei vA / arthAta, pratyeka vastu meM tIna guNa hote haiM--utpAda, vyaya aura dhanya / utpanna honA, kSINa honA, sthira rahanA, yahI vastu tattva hai / isa tripadI dvArA mahAvIra ne usa samaya ke sarvavidyAoM ke pAragAmI vidvAn indrabhUti gautama ke jJAna - ahaMkAra kI dIvAreM dharAzAyI kara dIM / indrabhUti ke pAMca sau ziSya the, ve saba indrabhUti ke sAtha mahAvIra dharma meM dIkSita ho gae / vahI mahAvIra ke gaNadharoM meM pramukha haiM / mahAvIra ke 11 gaNadharoM ke nAma haiMindrabhUti, agnibhUti, vAyubhUti, Arya - vyakta, sudharmA, maMDita, mauryaputra, akaMpita, acala bhrAtA, metArtha aura prabhAsa / mahAvIra ne vaizAlI, kauzAmbI, zrAvastI, rAjagRha, caMpA, vArANasI, mithilA, kauzala, pAMcAla Adi sthAnoM meM vihAra karate hue janabhASA, arddhamAgadhI meM upadeza die / aneka rAjAmahArAjA, strI-puruSa unake dharmazAsana meM sammilita hue / unhoMne caturvidha saMgha kI sthApanA kI - sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka aura zrAvikA / IsApUrva 527 meM mahAvIra pAvApurI (bihAra) meM parinirvANa ko prApta hue / mokSa prApti kA eka sUtra mahAvIra ne mokSamArga para calane kA adhikAra pratyeka prANI ko diyA hai / unhoMne saMsAra kA karttA Izvara ko nahIM maanaa| vaha to prANI meM hI - manuSya meM hI Izvaratva kI prApti saMbhava batAte the, pratyeka manuSya karmakSaya kara paramAtmA bana sakatA hai / yahAM puruSArtha ko, karmazIlatA ko adhika mahattA dI gayI hai / vyakti apane karmoM kA svayaM karttA hai aura apane kie karmoM kA pariNAma bhoganevAlA bhI vahI hai / vaha karma - prayatna karake svatantra yA baMdhanamukta ho sakatA hai mahAvIra ne kahA ki karmabandhana se mukta hone para pratyeka AtmA paramAtmA bana sakatA / unakA karmasiddhAMta nau tattvoM para AdhArita haijIva, ajIva, puNya, pApa, Azrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa | pAMca aNuvrata mahAvIra ne pAMca aNuvratoM ke anupAlana para sarvAdhika bala diyA / Aja saMsAra meM azAnti kA kAraNa jahAM parigraha aura hiMsA hai, vahAM zArIrika hiMsA aura dhana-saMgharSa yA arthasaMgharSa se adhika vaicArika hiMsA saMsAra meM azAnti kA pramukha kAraNa hai / vaise to mahAvIra ke aNuvratoM kA mUlAdhAra 'saMyama' hai aura saMyama hI dharma hai- saMyamI khalu dhammo ! parantu hamAre vyavahAra meM saMyama aura sahiSNutA nahIM / mahAvIra ne isake lie hameM 'anekAntavAda' kA darzana diyA / anekAntadRSTi hameM sahiSNu banAtI hai, 'jIo aura jIne do' yA 'saha-astitva' kA udArabhAva pradAna karatI hai / mahAvIra ne matAgraha chor3ane aura vicAroM meM samatA tathA sahiSNutA

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tIrthaMkaroM kI paramparA aura mahAvIra . 137 paidA karane para bala diyaa| mahAvIra ne kahA-'vastu ke ananta dharmoM aura paryAyoM ko ananta cakSuoM se dekho, unheM kisI eka cakSu se mata dekho| jo vyakti vastu-satya ko eka cakSu se dekhatA hai, vaha apane svIkRta siddhAMta kA samarthana aura dUsaroM kI svIkRtiyoM kA khaNDana karatA hai / anekAMta kA siddhAMta pArasparika sauhArda ko bar3hAtA hai, manamuTAva, dveSa-jalana ko dUra karatA hai| __ Aja ANavika mahAyuddha hamArA dvAra khaTakhaTA rahA hai, usase bacane ke lie hameM vaicArika sahiSNutA ahiMsA, aparigraha ke astra-zastra uThAne par3eMge, tabhI mAnavatA kA kalyANa hogaa|

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ahiMsA kI paramparA aura mahAvIra bhArata prAgvaidika kAla se ahiMsA kA pracAraka rahA hai| vaidika kAla meM yajJoM kA prAbalya thA, pazubali ko unameM prAthamikatA dI jAtI thI parantu ahiMsA kI lau taba bhI akaMpa thI / jana-mAnasa ahiMsA premI thaa| upaniSadkAla meM vairAgya ko, indriya-nigraha ko mahatva diyA gyaa| brAhmaNa granthoM meM donoM dhAraNAeM prApya haiM; sarve megha meM sabako hanana kiyA jA sakatA hai, tathA kisI bhI prANI kI hiMsA na karo-"mA hiMsyAt sarvabhUtAni / " vaidika brAhmaNa aise yajJa kA samarthaka thA jisameM jIva-hiMsA ho, yaha hiMsonmukha yajJa dharma kA aMga samajhA jAtA thA / buddha aura mahAvIra ke yuga meM ahiMsA dharma kA adhika pracAra kiyA jAne lgaa| vaise isa ahiMsA krAMti kA bIjAropaNa kAphI pahale ho gayA thA / bahuta pahale na jAkara zabarI-prasaMga ko dekhie / 'bAlmIki rAmAyaNa' tathA 'rAmacarita mAnasa' kI zabarI eka avismaraNIya nArI pAtra hai| use rAmasvarUpa kA anubhava ho gayA thA ataH mukti bhI mila gii| zrIrAma kahate haiM bhaktau saMjAtamAtrAyAM mattattvAnubhavastadA / mamAnubhavasiddhasya muktistatraiva janmani // arthAta bhakti ke utpanna hone mAtra se mere svarUpa kA anubhava ho jAtA hai aura jise merA anubhava ho jAtA hai usakI usI janma meM mukti ho jAtI hai| zabarI bhIla-kanyA hokara bhI saMskAroM se ahiMsA-premI thii| jaba vaha pazubali dekhatI to Ahata ho jAtI, adhIra aura azAMta ho jaatii| aura jisa samaya usake vivAha kA sukhada avasara AyA to usane pazu-hiMsA se pIr3ita hokara vivAha-pUrva hI ghara-bAra jor3a diyA aura AjIvana brahmacaryavrata kI pathika banakara, bhayAnaka mArga taya karate hue pampAsara pahuMca gaI jahAM mataMga RSi ne use zaraNa pradAna kii| aba isa yuga ke bAda Aie bAIsaveM tIrthaMkara neminAtha ke yuga para / vaha vAsudeva kRSNa ke cacere bhAI the / neminAtha kA vivAha jUnAgar3ha ke adhipati ugrasena kI kanyA rAjulamati se honA taya pAyA thaa| unakI bArAta jUnAgar3ha meM jisa rAste se jA rahI thI vahAM eka sthAna para pazu krandana sunAI par3A / vahAM atithiyoM ke lie mAMsa kI vyavasthA kI gaI thii| neminAtha kA ratha ruka gayA aura unakA hRdaya svayaM karuNA se cItkAra kara uThA /

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ahiMsA kI paramparA aura mahAvIra 139 anyAya, atyAcAra, aviveka aura hiMsA ko vaha nahIM apanA sakate the, ataH vaivAhika veSa-bhUSA utAra pheMkI, cAroM ora halacala' maca gaI aura binA kisI ke upadeza sune unhoMne girinAra parvata para jAkara dIkSA prApta kI tathA 54 dina kI tapazcaryA ke uparAnta kevalajJAna prApta kiyaa| kRSNa ne ahiMsA ko yajJa meM mahattvapUrNa mAnA aura kahA ki uttama yajJa vaha hai jahAM manuSya paropakAra para dhyAna de, apane jIvana ko paropakAra meM lagAye aura yajJa meM kabhI jIva-hatyA na kre| ahiMsA usa yajJa kI dakSiNA hai, Rju-bhAva usa yajJa kI dakSiNA hai, dAna-satya usa yajJa kI dakSiNA hai| zrI kRSNa ne dravya yajJa kI apekSA jJAnayajJa ko adhika mahattva diyA hai, kyoMki saba prakAra ke karmoM kA paryavasAna jJAna meM hotA hai| jJAna rUpI agni saba karmoM ko jalA DAlatI hai, jaise agni sakala IMdhana ko jalA detI hai| isa saMsAra meM sacamuca jJAna se zreSTha kucha nahIM-"na hi jJAnena sadRzaM pavitramiha vidyate" (gItA 4,38) / buddhadeva ne yajJa meM jIvoM kI hiMsA ko kabhI acchA nahIM samajhA / eka sthAna para unhoMne kahA, "jisa yajJa meM prANiyoM kI hiMsA nahIM hotI, bher3a, bakare, gAya, baila Adi prANI mAre nahIM jAte aura jo sarvadA logoM ko acchA lagatA hai, usameM santa-maharSi jAyA karate haiN| isalie sujJa puruSa ko aisA yajJa karanA caahie|" buddha se DhAI sau varSa pUrva tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha ne apane cAturyAma meM ahiMsA ko mahattva diyaa| 'sthAnAMgasUtra' meM cAturyAma kA nimna rUpa meM varNana prApta hotA hai : (1) ahiMsA-sabhI prakAra ke prANaghAta se virati / (2) satya-sabhI prakAra ke asatya se virati / (3) acaurya-sabhI prakAra ke adattAdAna (corI) se virati / (4) aparigraha-sabhI prakAra ke bahirdhA-AdAna se virati / yajJoM meM pazu-hiMsA kaba se zurU huI, abhI isa para antima rUpa se kucha nahIM kahA jA sakA lekina yaha kahA jAtA hai ki 'aryaSTavyam' sUtra meM 'aja' ke artha ko lekara nArada aura parvata meM matabheda ho gyaa| eka kahatA thA 'purAnA jo', dUsarA kahatA thA 'bakarA' / anta meM jhagar3A samApta karate hue rAjA vasu ne apanA mata 'bakarA' ke pakSa meM diyA tabhI se yajJoM meM--pazu bali aura bAda meM nara bali (naramegha) taka dI jAne lgii| pArzvanAtha kA yuga hiMsA kA yuga thA / sundaratama pazuoM kI bali acchI samajhI jAtI thii| mahAtmA buddha aura bhagavAna mahAvIra donoM samakAlIna the| donoM ne ahiMsA ko sarvAdhika mahattva diyA / unake 'cAra Arya satya' aura 'aSTAMgika mArga' meM ahiMsA kA pratipAdana huA hai / 'samyak karmAta' meM jora diyA gayA hai ki prANi-hiMsA na karanA, jo diyA na gayA ho use nahIM lenA, durAcAra se bacanA aura apane

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140 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM ko bhoga ke aticAra se dUra rkhnaa| buddha deva anya avatAroM ke samAna viSNu bhagavAna avatAra haiM-"kezava dhRta buddhazarIra" tAki pazu-hiMsA ko roka skeN| mahAvIra ne ahiMsA ko vyApakatA pradAna kii| use jIvana meM pratyeka vyavahAra se jor3akara eka bahuAyAmI rUpa pradAna kiyaa| unakI dRSTi meM kisI kA badha karanA hI hiMsA nahIM, varan dUsaroM ko satAnA, pIr3A pahuMcAnA, mAnasika yA zArIrika rUpa se kaSTa pahuMcAnA hiMsA ke hI rUpa haiN| mahAvIra kahate haiM :----- savve pANA piyAuyA, suhasAyA dukkhapaDikUlA appiyavahA / piyajIviNoM jiviukAmA, savvesi jIviyaM piyaM / / arthAt kisI ko dUsare ke prANa lene kA adhikAra nahIM, sabako apane prANa priya haiM, phira koI kisI kI hatyA kyoM kare ? ahiMsA dvArA hRdaya meM samatA kA bhAva utpanna hotA hai / samatA Ane para rAga-dveSa samApta ho jAtA hai, viSamatA naSTa ho jAtI hai| prema aura maitrI ke daravAje khula jAte haiM / 'saha-astitva', yA 'parasparopagrahojIvAnAm' ke udAra bhAva-srota yahAM phUTate haiM / 'jIvo aura jIne do' kA jharanA bahatA hai| 'tattvArtha sUtra' meM hiMsA kA lakSaNa isa prakAra vyakta kiyA gayA hai-'pramattayogAt prANavyaparopaNaM hiMsA' (7,13) arthAt pramAdIpana se prANoM ke ghAta karane ko hiMsA kahate haiN| hiMsA do prakAra kI mAnI gaI hai; (1) dravya hiMsA (2) bhAva hiNsaa| svAbhAvika rUpa se prANI mRtyu ko prApta hotA hai to vahAM hiMsA nhiiN| yA pUrNa sAvadhAnI baratane para yadi kIr3e-makor3e kucale jAte haiM, mara jAte haiM to bhI yaha hiMsA nahIM, yA jo sUkSma jIva haiM unakI hiMsA nahIM mAnI jA sakatI, lekina sthUla jIva kI rakSA karanA manuSya kA parama dharma hai yahI 'ahiMsA paramo dharmaH' hai| yadi hama kisI ko apanI bAta se kaSTa dete haiM, burA kahate haiM yA lar3AI-jhagar3A khar3A karate haiM to yaha bhI hiMsA hai / mAnasika pIr3A yA hiMsA kI rokathAma ke lie mahAvIra ne 'anekAMta' kA maMtra dekara eka vaicArika sahiSNutA kI maMdAkinI pravAhita kI / 'samaNasuttaM' ke ahiMsA sUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki jJAnI hone kA sAra yahI hai ki kisI bhI prANI kI hiMsA na kre| itanA jAnanA hI paryApta hai ki ahiMsA mUlaka samatA hI dharma hai athavA yahI ahiMsA kA vijJAna hai / sabhI jIva jInA cAhate haiM, maranA nahIM / isalie prANabadha ko bhayAnaka jAnakara nirgrantha usakA varjana kare / jaise tumheM dukha priya nahIM hai, vaise hI saba jIvoM ko dukha priya nahIM hai-aisA jAnakara, pUrNa Adara aura sAvadhAnIpUrvaka Atmaupamya dRSTi se saba para dayA kro|| yAjJavalkya apanI patnI ko brahmavidyA ke viSaya meM upadeza dete hue kahate haiM ki pati patnI ko isalie prema karanA cAhatA hai ki vaha usameM apanA

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ahiMsA kI paramparA aura mahAvIra 141 'sva' dekhatA hai / yahI 'sva' hameM apane parijanoM se prema karane ko bAdhya karatA hai, isI 'sva' kA prasAra ahiMsA hai / Atmaupamya dRSTi bhI yahI hai / mahAvIra isI Atmaupamya dRSTi ke dhanI haiM / jainadharma kA nicor3a ahiMsA hai, ahiMsA hI usakI AtmA hai, prANa hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra 'AcArAMga sUtra' meM kahate haiM - " jaba tuma kisI ko mArane, satAne athavA anya prakAra se kaSTa denA cAhate ho to usakI jagaha apane ko rakhakara soco / yadi vahI vyavahAra tumhAre sAtha kiyA jAya to kaisA lagatA ? yadi mAnate ho ki tumheM apriya lagatA to samajha lo, dUsare ko bhI apriya lagegA / yadi nahIM cAhate ki tumhAre sAtha koI aisA vyavahAra kare to tuma bhI vaisA mata kro|" isa yuga meM gAMdhIjI ne ahiMsA ko eka mahAn zastra ke rUpa meM prayoga kara hameM svatantratA kA amRta pradAna kiyA / unhoMne ise kAyara kA nahIM vIratA kA AbhUSaNa kahA hai / ahiMsA ke pAlana meM talavAra calAne se kahIM adhika vIratA kI jarUrata hai / mahAvIra kI ahiMsA mahAvIratva hai | ahiMsA kI jyoti unameM itanI adhika thI ki sarvaprANiyoM meM apanI hI AtmA dikhAI detI thI, saba kA dukha unakA apanA dukha bana gayA thA / unakI yaha ahiMsA zuddha zAzvata dharma hai-- " esa dhamme suddhe Nitie sAsae samecca loyaM khetaNNehiM pavedite / "

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bhagavAna mahAvIra aura vizva - zAMti bhagavAna mahAvIra AtmadarzI aura AtmajayI the, kSamAvIra aura dhairyavAna the, samadarzI aura sahiSNu the, satya ke premI the, karuNA kI mUrti the / unake samavasaraNa meM sabhI dharmoM, matoM, sampradAyoM ke loga eka sAtha uThate-baiThate the, pravacanoM kI amRtavarSA se apane zuSka hRdaya ko sikta karate the, apanI kaThora krUra, mana kI bhUmi ko komala aura mRdu banAte the / unhoMne logoM ko samajhAyA ki karma se vyakti brAhmaNa hotA hai, karma se kSatriya hotA hai, karma se vaizya yA zudra hotA hai, janma se koI brAhmaNa yA zUdra nahIM hotA, janma se koI bar3A yA choTA nahIM hotA / Aja sArA samAja dharma aura sampradAya ko lekara azAMta hai, hiMsaka banA huA hai / vizva ke mAnacitra ko dekheM to vahAM bhI vargasaMgharSa hai, vikasita aura vikAsazIla dezoM meM rassAkazI hai / viSamatA bar3hatI jA rahI hai / manuSya nyUTrona bama jaise bhayAnaka / sarvanAzaka hathiyAra banA rahA hai / vaha svayaM apanI jAti ke sarvanAza para tulA hai, sAtha hI samasta prANijagat ko bhI apane sAtha naSTa karanA cAhatA hai / manuSya kA manuSya kI dRSTi meM koI mUlya nahIM, vaha jaba cAhe usake prANa le sakatA hai / kaisA bhayAnaka sthiti hai ? bhagavAn mahAvIra ne hameM samatA kA Adarza sikhAyA / yaha samatA kA Adarza Aja ke viSamatA aura varga saMgharSa kI agni meM dhU-dhU karake jalane vAle saMsAra ko bacAne meM samartha hai, yaha zItala jala kA kAma kara usa dhadhakatI jvAlA ko bujhA sakatA hai / samatA kA artha hai na rAga, na ghRNA, na dveSa, na AkarSaNa, na vikarSaNa, na moha, na mamatA / bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita pAMca mahAvrata - eka aise jyotipuMja hai jo vizva ko hiMsA ke, viSamatA ke, azAMti ke ghora andhakAra se nikAlane kA mArga darzAte haiM / ye hI pAMca mahAvrata saha-astitva kI bhAvanA ko sAkAra karane meM saphala haiM, ye hI manuSyatA kI, mAnavatA kI rakSA karane vAle haiM / " parasparograhojIvAnAm" kA saMdeza hameM mahAvIra ne diyA, isa saMdeza meM sabhI jIvoM ke sAtha upakAra karane kI -- eka sAtha jIvana-yApana karane kI bAta kahI gaI hai, isI ko " saha-astitva" kaheMge / jaba ahiMsA kI bhAvanA sAmane AtI hai, taba usameM bhI saha-astitva hai / yadi saMsAra meM sabhI deza ahiMsA ke mahANuvrata kA pAlana kareM to ve Apasa meM sukhapUrvaka raheMge aura dUsaroM ko bhI sukhapUrvaka rahane deNge| yahAM manamuTAva aura zatrutA kA svataH vinAza ho jAegA / satya kI khoja meM saha-astitva hai, asteya meM saha-astitva hai /

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bhagavAna mahAvIra aura vizva-zAnti 143 yadi hama corI na kareM, anucita sAdhanoM se vastu grahaNa na kareM---sabake samAna, sAmane grahaNa kareM to zAnti sthApita hogI hii| yahI bAta brahmacarya meM, saMyama ke vyavahAra meM dekhI jA sakatI hai| mahAvIra ne kahA hI nahIM, karake dikhaayaa| unhoMne apane caritra meM ina mahAvratoM ko DhAlA hai / Aja kA vizva, manuSya ghora "seksI" hotA jA rahA hai| saMyama aura maryAdAeM usake sAmane koI mahattva/mUlya nahIM rkhtiiN| vaha vAsanA aura bhogavilAsa ke lie nArI kA bhoga karatA hai, use bhoga kI sAmagrI ke kucha nahIM samajhatA / yaha nArI kA parigraha hai| kAmukatA aura vAsanA kI paMka se nikalane ke lie mahAvIra kA brahmacarya sahAyaka hai| yaha eka pavitra, svaccha nirbhara ke samAna hai jo manuSya ke samasta vAsanA-paMka ko dhokara sApha kara sakatA hai| brahmacarya saMyama sikhAtA hai| yahAM anuzAsana, AtmAnuzAsana kA dIpa manuSya ke andara prajvalita hotA hai| anuzAsana, AtmasaMyama bhagavAna mahAvIra kA parama Adarza thaa| saMsAra meM anuzAsanahInatA kitanI hai, yaha hama sabhI ko mAlUma hai, hama kitane unmukta, svacchaMda, maryAdAhIna haiM, yaha kisI se chipA nahIM hai| saMsAra meM azAMti kA eka bar3A kAraNa yahI anuzAsanahInatA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne hameM anekAntavAda kA Adarza dikhAyA jahAM pakSapAta ke lie koI guMjAiza nahIM hai / vastu kA svabhAva hI dharma hai, pratyeka vastu aneka dharmA hotI hai, aneka guNa sampannA hotI hai / vastu ke sabhI guNoM ko samajhanA cAhie, unheM mahattva denA cAhie / durAgraha tyAga kara dUsaroM ke tarkoM kA, vicAroM kA Adara karanA cAhie, lekina hameM dUsaroM ke matoM ko, vicAroM ko, bhAvanA ko TheseM pahuMcAne meM sukha milatA hai| yaha hIna dRSTi hai, asamAnatA, viSamatA, saMgharSa aura kalaha kI jananI hai, vizva meM azAnti kA bIja isI dharatI para jamatA hai| anekAntavAda dvArA hama saha-astitva kI, vizva-zAnti kI, vizva baMdhutva kI, sarvadharmasamabhAva aura sahiSNutA kI ora agrasara hote haiM aura pahuMcate haiM mAnava-ekatA ke mahAna Adarza kI ora "aneka antAH dharmAH yasmina sa anekAnta" arthAt aneka dharmoM ke kAraNa pratyeka vastu anekAnta rUpa meM vidyamAna hai / yaha eka sApekSa siddhAnta hai, yahAM matAgraha ke lie koI jagaha nahIM hai| mahAvIra ne anekAntavAda dvArA vyakti aura samAja kI bhautika, vyAvahArika, Arthika, sabhI prakAra kI samasyAoM kA samAdhAna khoja nikAlA / isa siddhAnta ke dvArA hama sahiSNu banate haiM, dUsaroM ke matoM/bhAvanAoM kA Adara karate haiM, aura jAhira hai phira dUsare bhI hamAre matoM/bhAvanAoM kA Adara karate haiN| yahAM sabhI prakAra ke virodhoM kA unmUlana hotA hai| vizva meM azAnti hai, saMgharSa hai, hiMsA hai aura mAlUma nahIM kaba tRtIya

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adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM mahAyuddha ANvika yuddha bhar3aka utthe| isase bacane ke lie mahAvIra kA siddhAnta "anekAntabAda" hameM bahuta sahAyatA de sakatA hai, trANa dilA sakatA hai / Aja vizva meM azAnti kA pramukha kAraNa "parigraha" hai| 'parigrahapravRtti' hameM andhA bana tI hai| hama svArthI banakara kevala apane lie dhana-saMgraha karate haiM, vastuoM kI jamAkhorI karate haiM, kAlA dhana banAte haiN| ina sabhI se vastuoM ke mUlya bar3hate haiM, vastuoM kA abhAva ho jAtA hai / dhanI loga adhika mUlya dekara cIjeM kharIda lete haiN| saMsAra isIlie mudrAsrphIti "inphalezana" kI samasyA se jUjha rahA hai| garIba dezoM kA amIra deza zoSaNa kara rahe haiN| ye hI azAnti ke kAraNa haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne hajAroM varSa pUrva logoM ko "aparigraha" kA siddhAnta sikhAyA tAki ve kisI bhI vastu kA anAvazyaka rUpa meM saMgraha yA parigraha na kreN| parigraha dhana kA hI nahIM, manuSya kA dekhane meM AtA hai, dAsasA ke rUpa meM, nArI kA parigraha bhI dekhane meM AtA hai bhoga aura daheja ke rUpa meM / nAriyoM ko to Aja bhI becA jAtA hai| daheja kama lAne para use jIvita jalAyA jAtA hai / aise mAmale hama rojAnA samAcAra patroM meM par3hate bhI haiM aura dekhate bhI haiN| "repa kesa" bhI isIlie hote haiN| kisI kI abhAva meM DAlakara sukhI bananA kyA mAnavatA hai ? kisI ko bandhuA majadUra banAnA kyA amAnuSika kArya nahIM hai ? mahAvIra ke yuga meM bhI krItadAsaprathA thI, "caMdanabAlA" isakA jvalaMta udAharaNa hai, use sare bAjAra bolI bolakara becA gayA thaa| hamArI sarakAra ne bandhuA majadUroM ko mukta karAkara eka mahAna mAnavIya kAma kiyA, parantu vizva meM parigraha kI pravRtti bar3hatI jA rahI hai, isalie hiMsA kA vAtAvaraNa bhI bar3hatA hai| bar3e dhanI-sampanna deza choTe dezoM ko apane caMgula meM phaMsAye haiM, unheM AjAdI se sAMsa lene, bAta karane kA adhikAra nhiiN| zoSaNa kI isa pravRtti ko, parigraha kI isa durbhAvanA ko bhagavAn mahAvIra kI ahiMsA aura aparigraha se naSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai aura saMsAra meM vizva vyApI zAnti sthApita kI jA sakatI hai|

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mahAvIra ko lokatAMtrika dRSTi prajAtantra kI saphalatA svatantratA, samAnatA, vaicArika udAratA, sahiSNutA, sApekSatA aura dUsare ko nikaTa se samajhane kI manovRtti ke vikAsa para avalambita hai, inake abhAva meM gaNatantra kA astitva saMdigdha rhegaa| mahAvIra gaNatantra ke prabala samarthaka haiM, unake upadezoM meM vyakti svAtantrya, sAmAjika sAmya, Arthika sAmya, dhArmika sAmya Adi para vizeSa bala diyA gayA hai aura yahI gaNatantra ke sudRr3ha stambha hai, yadi inameM se koI eka durbala ho gayA to samajhie gaNataMtra kI AdhArazilA DagamagA jaayegii| mahAvIra kA yuga gaNatantrIya to thA lekina vahAM vyakti-svAtantrya kA sarvathA lopa thA, dAsaprathA itanI vyApaka aura dayanIya thI ki manuSya, manuSya kA zrItadAsa banA huA thA / manuSya, manuSya ke sarvathA adhInastha thA, svAmI kA sevaka para saMpUrNa adhikAra thaa| dAsa-dAsI tathA nArI sabhI kA parigraha kiyA jAtA thaa| mahAvIra ke yuga meM jAtIya bhedabhAva kI khAI bahuta caur3I thI / sAmAjika tathA Arthika vaiSamya ke kAraNa zAMtimaya vAtAvaraNa nahIM thA, matAgraha kI pracaNDa AMdhI ne samyagjJAna va samyakadRSTi kA mArga dhuMdhalA kara diyA thaa| yahI saba mahAvIra ne vyakti-svAtantrya aura prANI-sAmya kA udghoSa kiyaa| svatantratA kI siddhi ke lie ahiMsA, satya aura brahmacarya kI triveNI meM avagAhana karanA par3atA hai| ahiMsA ke dvArA hama sabhI ke sAtha maitrI bhAva sthApita karate haiM aura maitrI bhAva meM samAnatA kI manovRtti vidyamAna hai / mahAvIra ne sabhI prANiyoM se maitrI bhAva sthApita karane aura kisI ko mArane kA, kisI bhI prakAra ke kaSTa dene kA niSedha kiyA hai| yahAM hama apanI AtmA ke samAna dUsare kI AtmA ko mahattva dete haiM, apane du:kha ke samAna dUsare ke duHkha anubhava karate haiM yAnI 'Atmavat sarvabhUteSu' kA cirAdarza prastuta karate haiM / prajAtantra meM bhI apane samAna dUsare kI svatantratA ko mahattvapUrNa samajhA jAtA hai, 'sva' kI sImita paridhi ko-'sva' kI saMkIrNatA ko tyAge binA hama kisI bhI taraha para-mahattva ko, dUsare kI svatantratA ko samAdara pradAna nahIM kara sakate / Aja yadi bandhakoM ko vimukta kiyA gayA hai. bhUmihInoM ko bhUmi pradAna kI gaI hai, berojagAroM ko rojagAra kI samucita suvidhAeM pradAna karane ke lie sarakAra kI ora se kama, AsAna zartoM para RNa dene kI vyavasthA kI gaI hai to yahAM bhI dUsaroM kI svatantratA kI svIkRti hI hai| yaha mAnA ki parAdhInatA meM sukha-suvidhAoM kA mArga khulA rahatA hai

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146 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM lekina aisI sukha-suvidhAeM adhikatara zArIrika AvazyakatAoM-bhojana, vastra kI upalabdhiyoM taka hI parisImita rahatI haiM jabaki svatantratA kA mArga kaSTa aura asuvidhAoM kA mArga hotA hai / kaSTa aura asuvidhAoM ke kaMTakAkIrNa mArga para calakara hI svatantratA kA, mukti kI parama sukha-suvidhAoM kA gaMtavya hAtha AtA hai / paratantratA meM hameM ghara milatA hai--AvAsa milatA hai jabaki svatantratA meM hama ghara se mukti pAte haiM / ghara vyakti ko sImA meM bandhana meM bAMdhakara rakhatA hai, svatantratA meM hama ghara se bAhara Akara caurAhe para khar3e hote haiM--dUsaroM ke sAtha rahate haiM yA dUsaroM ko apane sAtha rakhate haiM / svAdhInatA kI lar3AI lar3a rahe the taba gharoM se bAhara A gaye Aphisa sabhI kI dIvAreM Dhaha giiN| ghara se bAhara AnA- - ghara aura parivAra ke prati mamatva kA visarjana kara sabhI prANiyoM ko apane parivAra meM zAmila 1. kara lete haiM - "vasudhaiva kuTumbakam" ke uccAdarza kA saMsparza karane lagate haiM / mahAvIra kI ahiMsA isI svatantratA - prANIjagat kI svatantratA kA hI to Adarza prastuta karatI hai / mahAvIra ne kahA hai jaba hama naukarI, 'ahiMsA niuNaM diTThA savvabhUesa saMjamo / ' arthAt prANimAtra ke prati jo saMyama hai, vahI pUrNa ahiMsA hai / aura jaba taka jIvana meM saMyama kI kaliyAM prasphuTita nahIM hoMgI taba taka na ahiMsA hogI, na svatantratA / saMyama kI AvazyakatA se vimukha nahIM rahA jA sakatA / mahAvIra nebrahmacarya vrata meM saMyama ko jIvana ke lie spRhaNIya mAnA hai / brahmacarya asvAda kA hI zAzvata abhyAsa hai / acchA-burA, khaTTA-mIThA, nIrasa-sarasa, AkarSaka - vikarSaka ke bIca samatva sthApita karanA hI brahmacarya hai / yahAM zarIra kA mamatva svataH visarjita ho jAtA hai / isake dvArA hama zarIra ke prati mamatva kA parityAga kara aparigraha yA parimANa - parigraha kI ora udgrIva hote haiM / jaba taka vaibhava kA pradarzana kiyA jAegA taba taka samAja meM UMca-noca kI dIvAreM UMcI hI raheMgI / agara vaibhava kI dIvAroM ko nIcA kareMge- unheM dharAzAyI kareMge to samAja meM sabhI samAnatA ke dharAtala para khar3eM ho sakate haiN| jahAM vaibhava hogA vahAM eka vyakti dUsare se pRthaka rahegA, apane Apako dUsare se parisampanna samajhane ke kAraNa samAja meM visaMgatiyAM aura vidrUpatAeM vAtAvaraNa ko pradUSita karatI raheMgI / vaibhava kA visarjana samAja meM ekatA kI bhAvanA udbuddha karane vAlA hai / prajAtantra meM isa prakAra ke visarjana ko prAthamikatA denA Avazyaka hai / jaba taka visarjana nahIM hogA - tyAga - vRtti nahIM hotI taba taka to hama dUsaroM ko apane sAtha kaise le caleMge ? tyAga hI to hamAre andara vaha anubhUti aura cetanA udita karatA hai jisake dvArA hama dUsaroM meM jA milate haiM; parigraha meM hama dUsaroM se apane Apako pRthak rakhate haiM, aparigraha meM yA tyAga - vRtti meM hama dUsaroM ke sAtha milakara unase tAdAtmya

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mahAvIra kI lokatAMtrika dRSTi 147 sthApita kara lete haiM / ataH prajAtantra ke lie vyaktiyoM ko saMgraha - vRtti ke sthAna para tyAga - vRtti kA mahattva diyA jAtA hai / saMgraha-vRtti, vaibhava - pradarzana, ahaMkAra yA mamakAra kA hI pratirUpa - sAkSAt rUpa hai, prajAtantra meM yadi ahaMkAra kI bhAvanA ne DerA jamA liyA to yaha prajAtantra tAnAzAhI kA bhayAvaha rUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai| jahAM mamatva hai, Asakti hai, ahaMkAra hai, mUrcchA hai vahIM adharma hai, vahIM tAnAzAhI hai / prajAtantra meM sAmAjika aikya ko prAthamikatA dI jAtI hai. mAnava jAti meM aikya kI pratiSThApanA prajAtantra hai / yahAM svAmI sevaka, strI-puruSa ko pRthak-pRthak karttavya kA adhikAra nahIM diye jAte / bhedadRSTi kA nirAkaraNa prajAtantra kA mUla hai, isI bhedadRSTi kA nirAkaraNa mahAvIra ke upadezoM kA merudaNDa hai / mahAvIra ne jaba yaha pharamAyA--" jise tU mAranA cAhatA hai vaha tU hI hai " ( AcArAMga 1, 5, 5), to yahAM samatva kA hI ucca dRSTAnta prastuta kiyA gayA hai - AtmA ke ekatva para hI bala diyA gayA hai / prajAtantra meM jAtIya bheda yA varNa bheda ke lie koI sthAna nahIM, raMga va nasla kI variSThatA ke lie koI avakAza nahIM / raMga va nasla kI nirarthaka variSThatA ne jisa samAja yA deza meM apanA viSa bIja boyA vaha kabhI nahIM ubarA / sAMpradAyikatA kI AkAza bela jisa dezajAti ke viTapa para phailane lagatI hai usakI pragati avaruddha ho jAtI hai, vaha dUsaroM kI dRSTi hIna - anAdRta aura sAvadya samabhI jAtI hai / mahAvIra ne apane samavasaraNa meM kisI jAti, samAja yA dharmAva - lambI para kabhI pAbandI nahIM lgaaii| unakA dharma mAnavajAti kA dharma hai, kisI sampradAya yA jAti vizeSa kA dharma nahIM / vaha AtmA kI pavitra gaMgA hai jisameM saba sAtha milakara nimajjana kara sakate haiM - vaha sabhI ke pApoM-kaluSoM kA zamana karane vAlA dharma hai / mahAvIra sampradAyAtIta haiM, prajAtantra bhI sampradAyAtIta hotA hai, yahAM sabhI ko apane matoM ko, vicAroM ko prakaTa karane kI svatantratA rahatI hai, sabhI ko apanI yogyatAnusAra pragati karane kI suvidhAeM prApta karane ke samAna avasara tathA adhikAra pradAna kiye jAte haiM / vyakti meM isa prakAra kI AtmasvAtantrya kI bhAvanA mahAvIra ne hajAroM varSa pUrva jAgRta kI thI / meM prajAtantra meM hama apane mata ko, mAnyatA ko jitanA mahattva dete haiM utanA hI dUsaroM ke mata va mAnyatA ko mahattva dene kA vaicArika audArya prakaTa karate haiM / yadi isake viparIta kareMge to prajAtantra kA galA ghuTa jAegA, usakI hatyA ho jaayegii| yahAM to sabhI ko apane vicAra prastuta karane kA samAna adhikAra hai, sabhI ko apanI niSThAnusAra dharmAcaraNa karane kI svataMtratA hai / isI ko hama mahAvIra ke anekAMtavAda ke pariprekSya meM dekha sakate haiM / satya kisI eka vyakti yA sampradAya kI bapautI nahIM, vaha to sabakA hai aura

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148 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM sabhI ke pAsa satyAMza ho sakatA hai| hameM durAgraha kA tyAga kara, samyak dRSTi apanAkara satya kA rUpa jahAM bhI prApya ho aMgIkRta karanA caahie| matAgrahI satya ke dvAra taka nahIM pahuMca sakatA, satya kA mArga prazasta hai, usameM saMkIrNatA nahIM, vistAra aura vyApakatva hai| hameM jitanA apanA mata priya hai dUsare ko bhI utanA hI apanA mata priya hai| hameM kyA adhikAra hai ki dUsare ke mata kA khaNDana kara usa para apane mata kA pratipAdana karane kA anaitika AcaraNa kreN| mahAvIra ne anekAMta ke dvArA eka vaicArika krAnti utpanna kii| unhoMne vaicArika sahiSNutA kA paracama bulanda karake sabhI ko usake nIce khar3e hone kA, apanA abhimata vyakta karane kI pUrNa svatantratA pradAna kii| unhoMne batalAyA-vastu yA padArtha aneka dharma athavA guNa vizeSatA sampanna hotA hai| usameM eka hI guNa yA vizeSatA kA prAdhAnya nahIM rhtaa| patnI kevala patnI nahIM hotI, vaha patnI ke sAtha eka mamatAmayI mAM, pyArI sakhI, vizvasanIya mitra, lAr3alI beTI, priya bhAbhI Adi bhI hotI hai arthAt vaha vividharUpA hotI haiN| isa prakAra aneka dharmoM ke kAraNa pratyeka vastu anekAMta rUpa meM vidyamAna hai, usake rUpa nAnAvidha hote haiM / upAdhyAya yazovijaya ne kahA hai'saccA anekAMtavAdI kisI darzana se dveSa nahIM krtaa| vaha sampUrNa dRSTikoNa ko isI prakAra vAtsalya dRSTi se dekhatA hai jaise koI pitA apane putroM ko| mAdhyastha bhAva hI zAstroM kA gUDha rahasya hai, yahI dharmavAda hai|' jaba vicAroM meM isa prakAra mAdhyastha bhAva rahegA yA hama dUsaroM ke vicAroM/matoM ko sahiSNatA se suneMge, samajheMge, hRdayaMgama kareMge to sabhI prakAra ke vaicArika saMgharSa naSTa ho jaaeNge| phira rAjanaitika mAnacitra para bar3e-bar3e matavAda, yuddhonmukhI saMgharSoM ko janma na de sakeMge, viyatanAma yA isrAIla-araba kI raktaraMjita samasyAeM karor3oM kI jAna lekara samApta na hoMgI; vaha binA raktapAta ke bhI sulajhAI jA sakatI hai / prajAtantra meM vAda-vivAda ke dvArA eka bahumAnya satya kI hI khoja to kI jAtI hai| saMsada meM vipakSI dala ke mata ko bhI sattAdhArI dala mAna detA hai| vipakSa kI dhAraNAoM meM bhI satyatA kA koI na koI aMza vidyamAna rahatA hai / AcArya maNibhadra kA vicAra hai pakSapAto na me vIrena dveSaH kapilAdiSu / yuktimadvacanaM yasya, yasya kAryaH parigrahaH / / arthAt mujhe na to mahAvIra ke prati pakSapAta hai aura na kapilAdi munigaNoM ke prati IrSyA-dveSa hai / jo bhI vacana tarkasaMgata ho use grahaNa karanA caahie| mahAvIra ne 'yahI hai' ko mAnyatA nahIM dI, unhoMne yaha bhI hai' ko mAnyatA dekara pArasparika virodhoM tathA matAgrahoM kI lauha-zRMkhalA ko eka hI jhaTake meM tor3a ddaalaa| unhoMne satya ko sApekSatA meM dekhA aura use abhivyakti dI syAdvAda kI zailI meN| prajAtaMtra kI pUrNa saphalatA anekAMtadRSTi meM

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mahAvIra kI lokatAMtrika dRSTi 149 sannihita hai / Aja kA yuga matAgraha kA nahIM, vaicArika sahiSNutA evaM udAratA kA hai, saMkIrNatA kA nahIM vizAla-hRdayatA kA hai aura yaha vizAla hRdayatA yA udAratA anekAMtavAda kA mUla hai| prajAtantra meM lokavyavahRta bhASA ko mahattva diyA jAtA hai| kisI eka sImita viziSTa varga yA sampradAya kI bhASA ko bahasaMkhyaka bhASA-bhASI svIkAra nahIM kreNge| saMskRta meM upadeza yA bhASaNa yadi koI dene lage to usase caMda muTThI bhara logoM ko hI lAbha mila sakatA hai| mahAvIra ne apane upadezoM ko paMDitoM kI bhASA meM vyakta nahIM kiyA varana lokabhASA ardhamAgadhI meM vyakta kiyA tabhI unakA pracAra-prasAra adhika huA aura adhikAdhika loga unase lAbhAnvita hue| jahAM kahIM bhI prajAtantra hai vahAM kA zAsana-kArya bahusaMkhyaka logoM kI bhASA meM hI calatA hai| DhAI hajAra varSa pUrva mahAvIra ne bhASA kI samasyA kA prajAtAMtrika anukaraNIya nidAna prastuta kara diyA thaa| striyoM ko dIkSA dekara unhoMne eka samAnatA kA prajAtAMtrika Adarza peza kiyA thA, unake zoSaNa va parigraha ko naSTa kara bahumAna aura Adara pradAna kiyA thA / zoSita varga ko samAja meM samAna adhikAra dilAe, svAmIsevaka ke, zoSaka-zoSita ke bhedabhAva ko naSTa kiyA, aparigraha ke siddhAnta dvArA Arthika samAnatA kA vaha Adarza prastuta kiyA jo sabhI prajAtAMtrika dezoM meM samAjavAda ke nAma se abhihita hai / mahAvIra kI vicAradhArA prajAtaMtra kI bahamukhI vizeSatAoM kA anupama aura sarvahitakArI saMgama hai|

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nArI-utthAna ke prati mahAvIra kI saMvedanA samarpaNa lo sevA kA sAra, sajala saMsRti kA yaha patavAra / Aja se yaha jIvana utsarga, isI pada tala meM vigata vikAra / dayA, mAyA, mamatA lo Aja, madhurimA lo, agAdha vizvAsa / hamArA hRdaya ratna nidhi svaccha, tumhAre lie khulA hai pAsa / X nArI ! tuma kevala zraddhA ho, vizvAsa rajata naga paga tala meM / pIyUSa srota sI bahA karo, __ jIvana ke sundara samatala meM / (kAmAyanI) vastutaH samAja kI sthiti', usakI dhurI nArI hai aura puruSa meM pauruSa hai vaha vaha usakI 'gati' hai| 'sthiti' aura 'gati' donoM ke santulana kI samAja kI pragati ke lie apekSA rahatI hai| bhAratIya dharma aura saMskRti meM nArI kI mahimA-garimA kI carcA kAphI kI gaI hai| 'mahAbhArata' (13|46|59-61)meN kahA gayA hai ki jahAM strI kI pUjA kI jAtI hai, usakA Adara-satkAra kiyA jAtA hai, vahAM devatA nivAsa karate haiM, jahAM use Adara nahIM diyA jAtA, vahAM dhArmika kriyAeM niSphala ho jAtI haiM / ghara to gRhiNI se hai, gRhiNI nahIM to ghara jaMgala hai| sItA, trizalA, caMdanA, jayaprabhA Adi nAriyAM hamArI saMskRti kI akaMpa vRttikAeM haiM / vAlmIki ne sItA ko striyoM meM uttama mAnA hai'nArINAmuttamA vadhUH / ' nItikAra nArI meM chaH guNoM kA samAveza dekhatA kAryeSu maMtrI vacaneSu dAsI, bhojyeSu mAtA zayaneSu rambhA / dharmAnukUlA kSamayA dharitrI, SaDbhirguNaiH strIkulatAriNI syAt // nArI ko pati ke kAryoM meM salAha-mazavarA denA caahie| vANI meM dAsI ke samAna mRdu-bhASiNI ho, pati ko bhojana karAte samaya mAtA ke

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nArI utthAna ke prati mahAvIra kI saMvedanA 151 samAna ho, zayyA para pati ke lie rambhA kI taraha ho, dharmAnukUla AcaraNa karane vAlI ho, aura kSamAzIla aisI ho jaisI pRthvI / aisI sannArI ghara vAloM kA kula kA uddhAra karane vAlI hotI hai / 'mAtA' zabda nirmANavAcI dhAtu se banA hai / mAtA nirmAtrI hotI hai aura janma dene ke kAraNa 'jananI' hai / strI hI tIrthaMkaroM ko, mahApuruSoM ko janma dene ke kAraNa pUjya hai / strINAM zatAni zatazo janayanti putrAn, nAnyA sutaM tvadupamaM jananI prasUtA / sarvA dizo dadhati bhAni, sahasrarazmiM, prAcyeva digjanayati sphuradaMzu jAlam // sau-sau mAtAeM sau-sau putroM ko janma detI haiM, kintu kyA koI mAtA tuma jaisA ( vardhamAna mahAvIra ) putra aba taka janma de pAyI hai ? satya hai nakSatroM ko sArI dizAeM dhAraNa karatI haiM lekina daidIpyamAna kiraNoM se pUrNa sUrya kI jananI to pUrva dizA hI hai| mAtA trizalA ne mahAvIra svAmI ko prasUta kara striyoM meM apanA nAma sarvopari kara liyA / mahAvIra ke samaya nArI jAti ko sAmAnyataH upabhogyA mAnA jAtA thA, usakA kraya-vikraya hotA thA, vaha dAsI banAI jAtI thI / nArI kA svataMtra honA burA samajhA jAtA thA / jisa samaya mahAvIra kA AvirbhAva huA, vaha samaya nArI - paratantratA kA samaya thA, usake patana kA samaya thA / usakA svatantra vyaktitva na thA / vaha puruSa ke parAdhIna thI - " asvataMtra strI, puruSa pradhAnA" / vaha vezyA, zUdrA samabhI jAtI thI / mahAvIra ne nArI kI khoI pratiSThA ko bahAla kiyA / use samAja meM eka gauravAnvita sthAna dilaayaa| usakI pratiSThA ko lauTAyA aura use dharma kI sahAyikA banAyA- 'dhamma sahAyA / ' unhoMne nArI ko dharma sabhA, dhArmika parva, samavasaraNa meM saba jagaha jAne kI anumati dI / vaha bhI apanI zaMkA kA samAdhAna kara sakatI thI, vaha bhI apanI tArkika zakti kA upayoga kara sakatI thI / isa prakAra unhoMne nArI varga kA punarutthAna kiyA aura usako ghara aura bAhara pUrNa mAna-sammAna dilAyA / unhoMne pati-patnI ke lie bhI brahmacarya kA eka viziSTa vidhAna rakhA, pati-patnI ko pRthak zayyA ke sAtha, pRthak kamare meM sonA cAhie / isa yuga meM mahAtmA gAMdhI ne ( apane Ayu ke madhya caraNa meM) isI prakAra ke brahmacarya kA anupAlana kiyA thA / mahAvIra ne nArI ko dIkSA dekara usake abhyudaya ke lie nUtana kSitijoM ko udghATita kiyA / yaha kadama bar3A hI krAntikArI thA, vaha lokanAyaka the, jidhara unake paga par3ate udhara hI hajAroM loga cala par3ate the / unhoMne sarvaprathama caMdanabAlA ko dIkSita kiyaa| sAdhvI saMgha kA netRtva

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152 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM caMdanabAlA ke hAtha meM sauNpaa| usa samaya 36000 sAdhviyAM thIM aura eka lAkha navve hajAra zrAvaka the, tIna lAkha aTThAraha hajAra zrAvikAeM thiiN| unake saMgha meM caudaha hajAra sAdhu the, jinakA netRtva indrabhUti gautama karate the| . mahAvIra ne nArI-jAgRti ko nayA mor3a diyaa| usa samaya kSatriya kanyA, rAja kanyA, brAhmaNa kanyA sabhI saMgha meM zAmila ho giiN| unake yuga kI mahAn dharmaniSTha nAriyoM meM mRgAvatI, celanA, bhadrA, nandA, revatI, puSpA, agnimitrA Adi ullekhanIya haiM / yadi hama AdinAtha RSabhadeva ke samaya se daSTi DAleM to mAlama par3egA unake samaya bhI caturvidha saMgha thaa| nAriyAM dIkSA grahaNa karatI thiiN| brAhmI aura sundarI tIna lAkha sAdhviyoM kA netRtva karatI thiiN| tIrthaMkara mallinAtha ke samaya bandhumatI ne 55 hajAra sAdhviyoM kA netRtva sambhAla rakhA thaa| tIrthaMkara ariSTanemi ke samaya meM dakSiNI ne 48 hajAra sAdhviyoM ko apane saMgha meM zAmila kiyA thA aura 23 veM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha ke samaya meM puSpacUlA 38 hajAra sAdhviyoM kA netRtva sambhAle thii| Aja hama mahAvIra ke nArI-jAgaraNa ke cetanA ke phUloM ko mahakatA huA dekha sakate haiN| __ mahAvIra ne strI-puruSa ko daihika sambandha se Upara uThAkara, sAMsArika abhilASAoM tathA kAma-vAsanA se Upara karake dhArmika stara para jIne kI preraNA dii| unhoMne usa puruSa ko 'satpuruSa' kA abhidhAna diyA jo gRhasthAzrama meM patnI kA mAna-sammAna karatA hai aura zIlavatI patnI kI sukha-suvidhA kA pUrA dhyAna rakhatA hai / mahAvIra ke samaya vidhavA nArI kI sthiti bar3I dayanIya thI, unhoMne unake prati bhI pUrNa saMvedanA vyakta kii| aba vaha pahale kI bhAMti sira nahIM mur3AtI thii| mahAvIra ke samaya meM satI prathA pracalita thii| yaha bahuta prAcIna prathA thii| bAlmIki rAmAyaNa meM isakA ullekha milatA hai| Aja bhI isakI ghaTanAeM idhara-udhara dekhane ko milatI haiN| 1988 meM devarAlA grAma (rAjasthAna) meM ghaTI satI kI ghaTanA ne sAre deza kI cetanA ko hilA diyA aura phira kendrIya sarakAra ko satI prathA viruddha kAnUna pAsa karanA pdd'aa| mahAvIra ke sadvacanoM ke prabhAva se yaha kuprathA hajAroM sAla pUrva samApta kara dI gaI thii| mahAvIra ke dharma-upadezoM se nArI kI dAsatA kA anta huA, use samAja meM mAna pratiSThA milii| satI prathA banda ho gii| nArI vidhavA rUpa meM samAja dvArA sammAnita huI, use pati kI saMpatti kA adhikAra milaa|

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mahAvIra kI cetanA-jyoti bhAratavarSa kAphI samaya taka aMgrejoM ke zAsana meM rhaa| unhoMne 'DivAiDa eNDa rUla' kI pAlisI para amala karate hue, hindU-musalamAnoM kI sAmpradAyika bhAvanA ko bhar3akAte hue kAphI daMge-phasAda, khUna-kharAbA kraayaa| parantu Aja hama AjAda haiM, deza AjAda hai, hamArI apanI sarakAra hai, hamArA apanA zAsana hai phira Aye dina sAmpradAyika daMge kyoM hote haiM ? kyoM raktapAta hotA hai ? kyoM eka varga yA sampradAya ke loga eka dUsare varga yA sampradAya ke logoM ke sAtha amAnuSika vyavahAra karate haiM, eka dUsare kA narasaMhAra karate haiM ? hamAre deza meM kabhI murAdAbAda, kabhI alIgar3ha, kabhI meraTha, kabhI kahIM aura kabhI kahIM hindU-muslima daMge bhar3aka uThate haiM / aba bhI kyA aMgreja lar3Ane Ate haiM ? harijanoM ke gharoM meM Aga hama bhAratavAsI hI to lagAte haiM ? sikha sampradAya yA anya koI sampradAya jaba Apasa meM lar3ate haiM to hama khuda kamajora hote haiN| sAmpradAyika daMgoM ko rokane ke lie sarakAra ne 'rASTrIya ekatA samiti' kA gaThana kiyA thA, vaise bhI isa samiti ko kaI bAra nayA rUpa diyA magara jaba daMge hote haiM to isa samiti kA nAma kama hI sunane meM AtA hai| sarakAra samitiyoM dvArA, zakti prayoga ke dvArA daMgoM para kAbU pAne kI koziza karatI hai magara jaba taka janatA meM, janasAdhAraNa meM naI cetanA-jyoti nahIM jalAI jAyegI to sAmpradAyika daMgoM kA, Arthika pichar3epana kA, varga-saMgharSa kA, dhArmika-sAmpradAyika matabhedoM kA bar3hatA andhakAra dUra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| isa bar3hate andhakAra ko dUra karane ke liye usa akaMpa lau ko sAtha lekara Age bar3hanA hogA jo DhAI hajAra varSa pUrva bhagavAna mahAvIra ne prajvalita kI thI, jana-mAnasa ko Alokita kiyA thaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra jaina dharma ke antima aura 24 veM tIrthaGkara mAne jAte haiM / 'tIrthaGkara' kA zAbdika artha hai 'mokSamArga kA pravartaka yuga puruss'| 'tIrthaGkara' eka vyaMjanAtmaka zabda hai, yaha AtmavikAsa kA, vyaktitva ke vikAsa kA carama zikhara hai, AtmA kAza meM ur3Ana bharanA, AtmAnveSaNa karanA 'tIrthaGkara' hai / "ratnatraya-samyakdarzana, samyakjJAna, samyakcAritra se parisampanna jIva hI uttamatIrtha hai kyoMki vaha ratnatrayI rUpI naukA dvArA saMsAra sAgara se pAra karatA hai|' (samaNa suttama 514) tIrthaGkara sarvahita ke saMkalpa ko lekara sAdhanA mArga para calatA hai, AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI caramasImA para pahuMcakara lokahita meM sarata ho jAtA hai / vaha Atma vikAsa yA AdhyAtmika vikAsa ko

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154 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM lokahita meM lagAne ke lie kriyArata rahatA hai, sAdhanArata rahatA hai| sarvahita, sarvodaya aura sarvaloka kA kalyANa hI tIrthaGkara ke jIvana kA lakSya hotA hai (yoga bindu 285-288) / mahAvIra kA jIvana Atmahita yA lokahita taka sImita nahIM rahA, unhoMne lokahita va lokakalyANa kA amRta sabako binA kisI pakSapAta ke vitarita kiyA / Aja kisI bhI sampradAya yA dharma kA anuyAyI ho vaha bhI mahAvIra kI jIvana-jyoti se prakAza grahaNa karatA hai| vaha kevala jaina logoM ke yugapuruSa nahIM, unakA hI ekamAtra ijArA una para nahIM hai| mahAnAtmA yugapuruSa kisI jAti kI bapautI nahIM hote| vaha sakala mAnavatA kI sAMjhI pUMjI hote haiM, akssypuuNjii| inhIM mahAnAtmAoM ke bala se samAja meM dharma kI pratiSThA banI rahatI hai, masjida va mandira AbAda rahate haiM, samAja meM zAnti kI vyavasthA banI rahatI hai, logoM meM paraspara sahayoga, bhAIcArA, sahAnubhUti prema, dayA, karuNA bar3hatI hai, jIvana ke zAzvata mUlyoM kI varSA hotI rahatI hai aura hamAre samyak AcaraNa se zUnya samyak jJAna aura darzana se sUkhe hRdaya punaH lahalahA uThate haiN| jainadarzana kA gaMtavya hai 'vyaktigata jIvana meM nivRtti aura sAmAjika jIvana meM pravRtti / apane vyaktigata svArtha ko chor3akara lokasevA aura janasevA kI ora bar3hanA jainadharma kA gaMtavya hai| hameM bhogavilAsa ko maryAdAhInatA taka na bhogakara, use tilAMjali dekara apanI AMkAkSAoM se Upara uThakara samAja kalyANa kI ora pravRtta honA cAhiye / mahAvIra cAhate to bhogavilAsa meM rAtadina AkaMTha DUbe raha sakate the, manacAhA sukha vaibhava arjita kara sakate the, magara ina sabako unhoMne ThukarA diyA apane svArtha ke lie nahIM, lokahita ke lie, lokakalyANa ke lie / vyaktigata sudhAra ke binA sAmAjika sudhAra kI duhAI denA aisA hai ki Apa apane mukha kI kAlimA na poche aura dUsare kI kAlimA kI niMdA kreN| pahale hameM apane ko TaTolanA cAhiye, apane ko khaMgAlanA cAhiye, apane ko dhonA cAhiye, arthAt Atmazodhana karanA cAhiye, AtmavikAsa karanA cAhiye jo samyak AcaraNa, jJAna aura darzana se hI saMbhava hai| Atmazodhana karane ke uparAnta parazodhana meM laga jAnA caahiye| yahAM hamAre sAmane jAti vizeSa yA vyakti vizeSa kI bAta nahIM rahatI, jana-sAdhAraNa kI bAta rahatI hai / yahI mahAvIra kA Atmodaya se lokodaya kI ora jAnA hai| hama isake anukUla AcaraNa nahIM kara pA rahe haiN| hama Atmodaya ko hI dekhate haiM, lokodaya taka hamArI taMga najara nahIM jaatii| jainadarzana lokasAdhanA ko lekara Age bar3hatA hai, mahAvratoM ke pratipAdana se bhagavAna mahAvIra ne lokahita kI bhAvanA ko hI mahattva pradAna kiyA hai| ahiMsA ke vivecana meM kahA gayA hai ki sAdhanA ke prathama sthAna para sthita ahiMsA sabhI prANiyoM kA kalyANa kare / yaha bhagavatI ahiMsA bhUkhe ko bhojana khilAne meM hai, pyAse ko

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mahAvIra kI cetanA-jyoti 155 pAnI pilAne meM hai, naMge ko kapar3A dene meM hai, bImAra ko auSadhi dene meM hai| yahAM parakalyANa kI vATikA cAroM ora puSpita dikhAI detI hai, apane lie kucha nahIM hai / ahiMsA se calakara satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha kI pAMca maMjileM taya karane ke bAda hama hara prakAra se lokahita kara sakate haiN| ye maMjileM hI samAja va lokakalyANa ke liye mahAvIra ne nirdiSTa kI haiM / Aja kA sArA samAja svArtha ke jvAlAmukhI para khar3A hai, sArA vizva vaicArika asahiSNutA aura viSamatA ke kagAra para khar3A hai| usako vinAza se bacAne ke lie mahAvIra kI anekAnta aura aparigraha kI jyoti kAphI hai| jaise amAvasyA ke saghana timira ko naSTa karane ke lie dIpamAlAeM jagamagA uThatI haiM usI prakAra Aja vizva ko hiMsA, saMgharSa, viSamatA se bacAne ke lie mahAvIra kI jJAna-jyoti-'anekAntavAda', 'aparigrahavAda', ke rUpa meM phailI huI hai / yaha hamArA durbhAgya hai ki udhara hamArI dRSTi nahIM jAtI; kyoMki vaha svArtha-baddha hai, saMkIrNa hai, dhundhalI hai, mamatva va roga meM phaMsI huI hai / hameM roga va mamatva se Upara uThanA pdd'egaa| yuvAcArya mahAprajJa kahate haiM-"parivAra ke prati mamatva kA saghana rUpa jaise jAti yA rASTra ke prati baratI jAne vAlI anaitikatA kA niyamana nahIM karatA, vaise hI jAti yA rASTra ke prati mamatva antarrASTrIya anaitikatA kA niyAmaka nahIM hotaa| mujhe lagatA hai ki rASTrIya anaitikatA kI apekSA antarrASTrIya anaitikatA kahIM adhika hai / jina rASTroM meM vyAvahArika saccAI hai, prAmANikatA hai, ve bhI antarrASTrIya kSetra meM satyaniSTha evaM prAmANika nahIM haiN|" (naitikatA kA gurutvAkarSaNa, pUrva kathita) saccA naitika jIvana rAga, mamatva se Upara hai, yahI vItarAga avasthA hai| mahAvIra kahate haiM "parigraha mUrchA hai", yaha mUrchA hI mamatva hai--"mUrchA parigraha" (tatvArtha sUtra, 7,17) / Aja jitanA bhI saMgharSAkula vAtAvaraNa hai usake yIche parigraha hai, adhikAdhika saMgraha kI pravRtti hai / dhanArjana karanA burA nahIM parantu lokahitArtha ho, dezahitArtha ho, 'svahitArtha' taka sImita na rhe| zrI zreyAMsaprasAdajI ko 'samAja ratna" kI upAdhi se pazcimI caimbara oNpha kAmarsa ne jo vibhUSita kiyA usake pIche sarvAhita kI, lokakalyANa kI, dezakalyANa kI bhAvanA sannihita hai, ThIka vaise hI jaise "bhArata ratna" ke pIche bhArata kI, deza kI adhikatama sevA kI bhAvanA chipI hai / garIbI koI aisI samasyA nahIM jisakA hala na ho| hala to hamAre pAsa hai vaha hai mahAvIra kA aparigraha / aparigrahavAda sabake hita ko lekara calatA hai isameM Arthika yA / dhana kA pahalU to hai hI yaha anya dUsarI taraha ke parigrahoM ko-mata yA dharma kA parigraha, dharmagraMtha yA mandiroM kA parigraha, sabhI ko sameTakara calane vAlA hai| mahAvIra kahate haiM ki pakSapAta yA vaira kisI se mata karo, sabakI AtmA samAna hai, sabako AtmavikAsa kA

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156 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM samAna adhikAra hai / "asaMvibhAgI hu tassa mokkho" yaha unakA udghoSa hai / hara prakAra kI viSamatA kA nirAkaraNa mahAvIra kI aparigraha - cetanA meM zAmila hai / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne bhikSuoM se kahA - "tuma parivrajana karo tathA abhijAta aura nimnavarga ko eka hI dharma kI zikSA do / jo dharma abhijAta varga ke liye hai vahI nimna varga ke liye hai aura jo nimna varga ke lie vahI abhijAta varga ke lie hai / abhijAta aura nimna- donoM ke lie maiMne eka dharma kA pratipAdana kiyA hai / " yahI to sAmAjika tathA sAmpradAyika ekatA hai / yahAM na koI amIra hai, na koI garIba, na koI choTA hai na koI bar3A / mahAvIra jana-jana ko ubuddha karate haiM, bastI-bastI, gAMva-gAMva jAte haiM aura sabhI ko samAna rUpa se apane 'samavasaraNa' meM amRta vacanoM se abhisikta karate haiM / vaha caMdanA kA AhAra karate haiM, bandI caMdanA kA, sAdhAraNa AhAra - ' ubale hue ur3ada kA AhAra / yahI unakI ekatA kA, samatA kA Adarza hai / unhoMne kahA na vi muNDieNa samaNo, na oMkAreNa bammaNo / na muNI raNNa vAseNaM, kusacIreNa na tAvaso || samayAe samaNI hoI, bambhacereNa bambhaNo / nANeNa ya muNI hoi, taveNaM hoi tAvaso || arthAt sira muMDA lene se koI zramaNa nahIM hotA / om kA japa karane se koI brAhmaNa nahIM hotA / araNyavAsa karane se koI muni nahIM hotA / valkara cIvara pahanane se koI tApasa nahIM hotA / 'atharveda' meM RSi sRSTA kI vANI meM kahalAtA hai - sahRdayaM sAMmanasyamavidveSa kaNomivaH anyo anyamabhi haryata vatsaM jAmla mivAdhnyA / arthAt maiM tuma sabako eka hRdaya vAlA aura eka mana vAlA aura Apasa meM dveSa na rakhane vAlA sirajatA hUM / tuma eka dUsare se milane ke lie prema se khiMcakara cale Ao, jaise apane bachar3e kI tarapha gAya daur3I huI AtI hai / aura sRSTA ke mukha se yahAM taka kahalAyA gayA hai - " samAnI prapA saha vonnabhAgaH, samAneyoktre sahavo yunijma / " tumhArA pAnI pIne kA sthAna eka ho, tumhArA sabakA paraspara meM eka sAtha bhojana ho, tumako maiM eka hI bandhana meM bAMdha rahA hUM / Izvara ne mAnava jAti ko jisa bandhana meM bAMdhane kI bAta kahI hai vaha ekatA kA bandhana hai, mamatA kA bandhana haiM, prema kA bandhana hai, bhAIcAre kA bandhana hai, sahiSNutA kA bandhana hai, ahiMsA kA bandhana hai, aparigraha aura anekAntavAda kA bandhana hai / mahAvIra ahiMsA kI gaharAI meM Atmaupamya dRSTi prApta kara sarvatra dekhA / anta taka utara gaye the / unhoMne unhoMne 557 I0 pU0 "kaivalya"

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mahAvIra kI cetanA - jyoti 157 prApta kiyA, vaha sarvatra ho gaye, sarvadarzI ho gaye / unake sAmane saba prANI samAna the, ve samadarzI the, vaha mAnava se jIva jagat meM praviSTa hue, unakI ahiMsA mAnava taka sImita nahIM thI, usakI savyApakatA jIvoM taka thI - kITapataMgoM, kIr3e-makor3oM taka thI / ahiMsA kA yaha kaisA adabhuta rUpa hai, saMsAra meM anokhA | mahAvIra ko I0 pU0 557 meM nirvANa prApti huii| unhoMne jisa maitrI kI, ahiMsA kI lau jagAI, vaha Aja bhI akaMpa hai, aura zAzvata jyoti vikIrNa karatI rhegii| Aja hameM unakI isI ahiMsA aura maitrI kI, anekAMtavAda meM samAhita sAmpradAyika tathA vaicArika sahiSNutA kI AvazyakatA hai / unhoMne ThIka kahA hai- " zramaNa hone kA artha hai zAnti / zramaNa hone kA artha hai maMtrI / tuma apanI maitrI ko jgaao| jo maitrI jagAtA hai vaha zramaNa hotA hai, jo maitrI ko nahIM jagAtA vaha zramaNa nahIM hotA / " hameM unakI isI maitrI kI cetanA ko jana-mAnasa meM jagAnA hai to deza kA, mAnava jAti kA kalyANa sambhava hai, yahI saMgharSa va viSamatA kI duniyA chor3akara ahiMsA va maMtrI kI duniyA meM jAnA hai '

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adhyAtmavAdI saMta kI sAmAjika cetanA AcAryazrI tulasI eka adhyAtmavAdI saMta haiN| ve terApaMtha ke pravartaka haiM / unhoMne apane saMgha ko naI dizA dI, naI cetanA pradAna kI, nUtana preraNA kA saMcAra kiyA, eka naI zakti kA saMbala diyA, eka naye anuzAsanamaryAdA kI AbhA pradAna kii| lekina unakI dRSTi meM samAja bhI rahatA hai, deza bhI rahatA hai, vizva ko bhI ve dekhate haiN| mAnavatAvAdI AcAryazrI tulasI apane ko pahale mAnava mAnate haiM, bAda meM kucha aur| unhoMne svayaM kahA hai" maiM sabase pahale manuSya hUM, phira dhArmika hUM, phira jaina hUM, aura phira terApaMtha kA AcArya hUM / " yahAM AcAryazrI ke vicAra dhyAna dene yogya haiM / manuSya sarvaprathama manuSya hai; unakA rahana-sahana, vyavahAra, vicAra-darzana, karmakSetra saba manuSya kI paridhi meM hotA hai / hama hI use bAda meM nAnA nAma-guNa dekara kucha-sekucha banAte haiM, saMvArane kI kalA hamAre hAtha meM hai| saMtoM kA dharma mAnavatA kA dharma hotA hai, mAnavatA ke hitArthaM ve saba kucha karate haiM, apane nijI lAbhahAni kI unheM rattI bhara pravAha nahIM hotI / ve prabhu kA prasAda bhI svayaM nahIM khAte, vaha bhI bAMTa kara khAte haiM / sabake sukha-duHkha kA anubhava jaisA saMta karate haiM vaisA koI nahIM karatA / rASTrakavi maithilIzaraNa gupta ne eka sthAna para likhA hai yaha saMsAra hai usa prabhu kA parivAra, sabase rakhanA cAhie, premapUrNa vyavahAra / yahI IzvaropAsanA, yahI dharma kA marma, eka dUsare ke lie kareM yahAM hama karma / manuSya mAtra ke artha jo karate haiM udyoga, sacce jana bhagavAna haiM basa ve hI loga | AcAryazrI tulasI "bhagavAna ke sacce jana" haiN| vaha sabhI se premapUrNa vyavahAra karate haiM / unhoMne jo hajAroM mIla kI paidala yAtrAeM kIM, DagaraDagara, gAMva-gAMva, nagara-nagara dhUpa meM, barasAta meM, jAr3e meM phirate rahe usakA uddezya mAnavatA kA uddhAra thA, logoM ko samatA, ekatA, sahanazIlatA, prema, sadbhAva kA sandeza diyA / samAja meM phaile bhraSTAcAra aura azlIlatA ko dekhakara unhoMne logoM ko sanmArga darzAyA / sitambara 1966 meM bIdAsara meM AcArya tulasI ke sAnnidhya meM azlIlatA virodhI sammelana huA jisameM kAkA kAlelakara, jainendra kumAra ne bhAga liyA / usa samaya AcAryazrI tulasI ne janasabhA ko sambodhita karate hue kahA thA

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adhyAtmavAdI saMta kI sAmAjika cetanA 159 ___"dhIra ve haiM jo pralobhana ke rahate hue bhI lolupa nahIM banate, isalie AvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai ki janamAnasa meM viveka jAgRta kiyA jAe, aisA vAtAvaraNa utpanna kiyA jAe ki calate-calate hama gira na jaaeN| hamAre RSi-muniyoM ne kahA thA ki sampUrNa parigraha ke lie nirgrantha rahanA cAhie, kintu nirgrantha hokara ekAnta meM rahanA cAhie / samAja meM rahane vAle sAdhuoM ko samAja kI lajjA kA nirvAha karane ke lie vastra dhAraNa karanA caahie| darda kA anumAna karane se kAma nahIM calegA, darda ko miTAnA hogA / yaha to ThIka hai ki isa kArya meM adhika sahAyatA nahIM mila sakegI kintu sarakAra itanA to kara hI sakatI hai ki azlIlatA ko protsAhana na de|" __ Aja hamAre samAja meM azlIlatA kI durgandha cAroM ora phailI hai / hamArA yuvA, kizora samudAya taraha-taraha kI raMgIna patrikAoM, philmoM meM kAmuka aura azlIla citra dekhate haiM / kyA patrikAoM ke mukha pRSTha para nArI ke kAmuka citra denA ucita hai ? isase hama kaunasA kartavya pUrA kara rahe haiM samAja ke prati ? TI. vI. para "vAziMga pAuDara" kA eka vijJApana bahuta kAmuka hai jisameM nRtya karatI sundarI ko eka puruSa bAra-bAra bhujAoM meM kasatA hai / isa ora samAja kA dhyAna jAnA cAhie, netAoM kA dhyAna jAnA cAhie / vAtAvaraNa bAhara se sApha-nirmala rakhanA jarUrI hai| __hamAre samAja meM dveSa, IrSyA, ghRNA, hiMsA kyA nahIM ! ye bhI azlIlatA kI koTi meM Ate haiN| hama apanoM kI sevA karate haiM, apanI jAti ke logoM kI sahAyatA karate haiM / AcArya tulasI kA kahanA hai ki sevA aura maMtrI meM Atmaupamya dRSTi kA samAveza honA caahie| lekina ve usa sevA ko acchA nahIM samajhate jo sevA ke nAma para dUsaroM ko akarmaNya yA pauruSahIna banAe-"jo loga sevA ke nAma para samAja ke logoM ko akarmaNya, puruSArthahIna aura AlasI banAte haiM, unameM hInatA aura nirAzA kA saMkramaNa karate haiN|" bhAcAryavara kA kahanA hai ki ahiMsA kA mUla siddhAMta hRdaya-parirtana hai / Aja kA vAtAvaraNa hiMsAtmaka hai / cAroM ora bhaya aura asurakSA kA anubhava karatA hai manuSya / phira isa bhaya, asurakSA, hiMsA se kaise chuTakArA pAyA jaae| AcArya tulasI ne ahiMsA ke tIna bindu mAne haiM-(1) abhaya (2) sadbhAvanA (3) shissnnutaa| isI prakAra ahiMsA ke tIna AdhAra nizcita kiye haiM--(1) saha astitva (2) samanvaya (3) svatantratA / vastutaH hamAre andara kamI hai sadbhAva yA sahiSNutA kii| yadi hama maMtrI bhAva se saba ke bhAvoM-vicAroM ko samajhe aura phira samanvayAtmaka buddhi se, saMtulita mana se una para vicAra kareM to koI kAraNa nahIM ki hiMsA para vijaya prApta na kara skeN| svataMtratA sabako priya hai, lekina usakI bhI maryAdA honI cAhie; eka sImA taka hI svataMtratA grAhya hai, mAnya hai / taTa

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160 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM ke bandhana tor3ane para to nadI bhI pralaya macAtI hai, vinAza-lIlA dikhAtI hai| isalie saha-astitva maMtrI kI aura samanvaya kI AvazyakatA hai| AcArya zrI tulasI samanvaya tathA sadbhAvanA banAne meM sakriya hai| ve samAja ko eka nayA mor3a dene meM prayatnazIla haiN| _ unhoMne deza ko, samAja ko eka jIvana-paddhati dI-"aNuvrataAMdolana" ke rUpa meM jo 1948 se cala rahA hai| aNuvrata ke svarUpa ko yoM vyAkhyAyita kiyA-''aNuvratI banane kA artha hai-acchA manuSya bananA / aNuvratI banane kA artha hai prAyogika jIvana jInA / jo vyakti aNuvrata kA niSThA se pAlana karatA hai vaha apane parivAra, 'par3osa aura samAja ko bhI prabhAvita kara sakatA hai|" hamAre yahAM dharma kI AbhA ghaTa rahI hai, sampradAya kI AbhA bar3ha rahI hai / aNuvrata dvArA sampradAya gauNa hogA, dharma pradhAna bnegaa| dharma Aja naitikatA se vihIna hotA jA rahA hai, isalie usakI UrjA meM kamI A rahI hai / AcAryazrI ne dharma ko naitikatA se jor3A hai, sampradAya ke pRthak kiyA hai| dharma ko unhoMne caritra se jor3A hai, use jAtivAda se pRthak kiyA hai| tabhI to ahamada bakhza siMdhI (bhUtapUrva vidhimantrI, rAja.) ne kahA thA-'ApakA kAryakrama jAti, varga aura sampradAya kI bhAvanAoM se Upara uThakara kie jA rahe haiN| samAja meM vyApta kurItiyoM ko miTAne ke lie Apane bahuta zrama kiyA hai|" 1983 meM bAlotarA meM cAturmAsa sampanna hone para AcAryazrI vahAM se prasthAna karane vAle the to musalamAnoM ne unheM apane madarase meM sAdara AmaMtrita kiyaa| vahAM ke maulAnA anIsurrahamAna ne unake viSaya meM kahA thA-"AcArya jI kI tAlIma insAna ko insAniyata taka pahuMcAne vAlI hai|" bAta bilkula saccI hai| AcAryazrI tulasI insAniyata kA paigAma dene vAle santa haiN| hindU, musalamAna, brAhmaNa, sikha, jATa, harijana sAmane dekhakara bAta nahIM karate / ve bAta karate haiM sabako insAna samajhakara / insAniyata kI dRSTi se dekhate haiM sabako aura cAhate haiM yaha dRSTi saba loga prApta kreN| saba meM mAnavatA kA bhAva jAga uThe / santAtmA ke sAmane saba samAna hote haiM aura santa sabake hote haiM / una para kimI eka jAti yA sampradAya kA ijArA nahIM hotaa| ve to rozanI kA mInAra hote haiM / AcAryazrI tulasI rozanI ke mInAra haiM; jJAna kI rozanI ke mInAra, ekatA-samAnatA kI bhAvanA ke mInAra, insAniyata ke mInAra. tyAga-tapa ke mInAra, ahiMsA ke mInAra, caritra ke mInAra, samyaka dRSTi ke mInAra / usase hama vaha rozanI prApta kara sakate haiM jisase mAnavatA kA rAstA Alokita ho uThegA / AcAryazrI eka sampradAya kI sImA meM bandhakara nahIM calate / sImA to unake sAmane hai anuzAsana kii| ve sampradAya ke lie padayAtrAeM nahIM karate; mAnavatA ke prasAra ke lie padayAtrAeM karate haiM, deza

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adhyAtmavAdI saMta kI sAmAjika cetanA 161 aura samAja ko naitikatApUrNa jIvana jIne kI kalA sikhAne ke lie padayAtrA karate haiM aura jAhira hai ina yAtrAoM ke bIca ve rASTra kI samasyAoM ko bhI dekhate-samajhate haiM aura unakA samIcIna samAdhAna bhI prastuta karate haiN| eka bAra vyApArI varga se unhoMne kahA-"ApakI kathanI aura karanI meM jo dUrI hai vaha miTanI caahie|" naitikatA aura caritra meM vizvAsa rakhanA hai to usakI pahala khuda se kreN| pahale apane doSa dUra kareM taba dUsaroM ke bhI kara sakate haiM / AcAryazrI aisA bhArata dekhanA cAhate haiM jahAM garIbI-amIrI kA bhedabhAva na ho, dhArmika daMge na hoM, koI aspRzya na ho, zoSaNa na ho, milAvaTa kA dhaMdhA na ho, daheja kI kurIti na ho, mAdaka padArtha kA sevana na ho / kyA hama aisA bhArata nahIM banAnA cAheMge ? kyA yaha rAma-rAjya nahIM hogA !

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eka jyotirmaya yugadraSTA dhavalakeza, gaura varNa, satya teja se pradIpta vizAla netra, bhavya prazasta mastaka, prasanna smitavadana, AtmIyatA ke sAgara, samabhAva ke sAdhaka, sahajatA kI mUrti, yugA ke tatvavettA, mAnavatA ke masIhA, rASTrIya cetanA ke praharI, aNuvrata ke pravartaka, mRdubhASI, anuzAsana meM DUbA vyaktitva, adhyAtmajyotiyaha hai prathama-darzana meM AcAryazrI tulasI kA AkarSaka, bhavya vyktitv| bAta disambara, 87 ke prathama saptAha kI hai| bhilAI meM jaina-pariSada ke eka adhivezana se lauTa kara A rahA thaa| dillI rukA AcAryazrI tulasI ke darzana karane / 210 dInadayAla upAdhyAya mArga, naI dillI para sthita 'aNuvrata bhavana", vahAM vizAla bilDiMga banI hai| Adhunika TeknolojI dvArA liphTa hai / sabhI prakAra kI suvidhAeM haiN| maiMne unheM koI pUrva sUcanA nahIM dI thii| pahale kabhI unake darzana bhI nahIM kie the| darzana lAbha prApta karane kI icchA bahuta dinoM se hRdaya meM saMjoe thaa| unhoMne deza kI jvalanta samasyA--paMjAba kI samasyA ko sulajhAne meM santa loMgovAla se bAtacIta kI aura unheM sarakAra se bAtacIta karane ko taiyAra kiyaa| isase jJAta huA ki AcAryazrI tulasI rASTrIya cetanA ke eka mahAna praharI haiM, jo sadA sajaga-saceta rahate haiN| dUsarI bAta unake vyaktitva kI yaha hai ki ve jaina dharma ke eka pramukha AcArya haiM parantu ve jaina sampradAya kI taMga vicAradhArA ko pasanda nahIM karate / unakA hRdaya vizAla hai, udAra hai, dRSTikoNa pragatizIla hai| ve dharmasampradAya kI jIrNa rUr3hiyoM meM baMdhe rahane vAle nahIM haiN| aisI rUr3hiyoM ko vicchinna karane vAle haiN| ve pahale apane Apako manuSya mAnate haiM, phira jaina dharma ke AcArya haiN| maiMne eka vyakti-sAdhu jI se nivedana kiyA- "maiM AcAryajI se milanA cAhatA huuN| merA nAma nijAmuddIna hai, maiM zrInagara se-kazmIra se AyA huuN|" thor3I hI dera meM ve sAdhujI loTakara Ae tathA mujhe apane sAtha yaha kaha kara le cale ki AcArya jI yAda kara rahe haiN| maiM eka vizAla kakSa meM pahuMcA aura akasmAt AcAryajI para merI najara pdd'ii| maiMne unheM sazraddhA abhivAdana kiyA, unhoMne bar3I snehasikta dRSTi se use svIkAra kiyaa| kucha kSaNa maiM unheM dekhakara vismayIbhUta ho gayA-yahI vaha virATa vyaktitva hai jisane bhArata kA cappA-cappA paidala nApa kara janamAnasa ko dharma bhAvanA se bAMdolita kiyA hai| yahI vaha aNuvrata anuzAstA hai jo dharma ko naitikatA

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eka jyotirmaya yugadraSTA 163 kA saracazmA mAnate haiM / naitikatAvihIna dharma ko vaha grAhya nahIM mAnate / yahI usa krAMti ke sUtradhAra haiM jisane harijanoM ko bhI vrata dIkSA dene kA saMkalpa liyaa| logoM ne unake isa nirNaya kA virodha bhI kiyA, lekina unhoMne spaSTa kahA ki yadi koI harijana vrata dIkSA lene ko taiyAra hai, yogya hai, to ve use vrata dIkSA dene ko taiyAra haiN| yahI nahIM balki yaha bhI kaha DAlA ki yadi unake yahAM (harijanoM ) zuddha bhojana milegA to ve use grahaNa kareMge | kitanA Adhunika aura pragatizIla dRSTikoNa hai / yahAM unheM hama gAMdhIjI kI vicAradhArA kA saMvAhaka kaha sakate haiN| AcAryajI ne pahale merI kuzalatA pUchI, isake bAda unhoMne paramaviduSI sAdhvI kanakaprabhAjI se merA paricaya karAyA / vaha AcAryazrI se usa samaya DikTezana yA noTsa Adi le rahI thI / yaha vaha sarasvatI kI varadaputrI hai jinhoMne apanI kuzala lekhanI se AcAryazrI ke yAtrA sAhitya kA atyanta sajIva, mohaka, cittAkarSaka zailI meM citraNa kiyA hai| eka-eka prasaMga, eka-eka citra bhAvukatA ke raMga meM DUbA hai / kahIM-kahIM dArzanika evaM aitihAsika pRSThabhUmi ke sAtha kisI sthAna Adi kA varNana apane meM anUThA hai, jJAnavardhaka hai / unake dvArA sampAdita pustakeM"jaba mahaka uThI marudhara kI mATI", " bahatA pAnI niramalA" Adi ko par3hate hue pAThaka ko aisA bhAna hotA hai jaise vaha mAcAryazrI ke sAtha-sAtha pada yAtrA kara rahA hai / sAdhvI kanakaprabhAjI kI pakar3a bhUgola, itihAsa, darzana, loka-saMskRti para gaharI hai / sAdhvIjI ne mujhe vaha pustaka dikhAI jo AcAryazrI kI dakSiNa bhArata kI yAtrA para AdhArita hai / jI meM AyA thA ki usa pustaka ko unase mAMga lUM, magara saMkoca ke kAraNa kaha nahIM sakA / AcAryazrI ne apane sAdhu-sAdhviyoM dvArA hasta zilpakalA kI nayanAbhirAma tathA rojAnA ke istemAla kI cIjeM bhI banavAI haiM / inheM dekha kara hareka ko vismaya hogA / AcAryazrI ke khAne-pIne ke bartana yahI haiM / unheM sApha bhI saralatA se kapar3e se kiyA jA sakatA hai / ina bartanoM para Agama kI gAthAeM, sUtra isa bArIkI se citrita haiM ki dekhate hI banatA hai / yaha bartana bahudhA sUkhe phaloM ko sApha karake banAe gae haiN| mujhe una bartanoM ko dekha kara kazmIra kI "peparamAzI" kA bhrama huA / karor3oM rupaye kI peparamAzI kI atisundara nakzIna vastueM prati varSa niryAta kI jAtI haiM aura inake dvArA lAkhoM vyaktiyoM ko rojI-roTI milatI hai / "sapharaMga mosisa ", "eziyA krAphTa" Adi isa dizA meM lIDiMga vyApArI haiM / videzI paryaTaka "baNDa" para sthita ina dukAnoM para zopiMga karate mileMge / peparamAzI kI kalA kazmIra ke ati lokapriya mahAna zAsaka jainula - AbidIna (1420 - 1470 ) dvArA IrAna madhya eziyA se kArIgara bulAkara yahAM vikasita kI gaI /

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164 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM AcAryazrI ne "TuthasTika" dikhalAte hue kahA ki vaha rAjasthAna kI kIkara kA kAMTA hai| ise dekhane para phira gAMdhIjI kI yAda AI jo laghu hastazilpa kalA ko bar3hAvA dene ke pakSadhara the aura choTI se choTI vastu ko upayoga meM lAte the / AcAryazrI ne jaba mujhe pAsa bulAkara apanI dhavala cAdara dikhalAI, jo unake zarIra para pariveSTita thI, to mujhe bar3A Azcarya huaa| vaha zuddha bArIka khAdI aura usake do paToM ko hAtha se aise kauzala se siyA gayA thA mAno vaha mazIna kI silAI ho| isake pazcAt unhoMne mere adhyayana-zodha ke viSaya meM pUchatAcha kii| unhoMne mujhase isa bAta kI zikAyata kI ki maiM aktUbara 87 meM Ayojita seminAra meM zarIka na ho sakA, jisake lie maiMne AcAryazrI se samayAbhAva ke kAraNa kSamAyAcanA kii| AcAryazrI ne mujhe nirdeza diyA ki Apa 2.30 baje Akara Agama-carcA dekheN| unase AjJA lekara maiM yuvAcAryajI se milane gayA / eka yuvA muni mere sAtha the| yuvAcArya ko maiMne caukI para virAjamAna dekhA aura ve eka muni ko noTsa likhA rahe the| jJAna-tAralya meM DUbI AMkheM, lambA charaharA zarIra, khAdI ke zveta vastra meM pariveSTita, bIsavIM zatAbdI ke jaina darzana ke mUrdhanya vidvAna, jainAgamoM ke kuzala, siddhahasta sampAdaka, dharma vijJAna adhyAtma kI triveNI apanI racanAoM dvArA pravAhita karane vAle, prekSAdhyAna ke prayogadharmI manISo terApaMtha ke jAjvalyamAna nakSatra haiN| terApaMtha ke gaurava AcAryazrI tulasI ke ve gauravAnvita uttarAdhikArI haiN| isa medhAvI ziSya para, yogya uttarAdhikArI para AcArya jI kitanA garva karate hoMge, kitanA vizvAsa karate hoMge, yaha koI unake dila se pUche / eka sau se adhika maulika granthoM ke racayitA sacamuca "mahAprajJa" haiM -- mahAn prajJAzIla haiN| una para sAhitya jagat mAna kara sakatA hai| unakI racanAdharmitA ko gahanatA se parakhane kI, use vizleSita karane kI AvazyakatA hai / maiMne unase apane zodha-viSaya kI carcA kI, bhAratIya dharma darzana va dhyAna ke viSaya meM jAnanA caahaa| unake jJAnasAgara meM abhI aneka anachue motI chipe haiN| ___AcAryazrI aura yuvAcArya se milane ke uparAnta maiM zrI lalita garga se milA jo "aNuvrata bhavana" meM kAryAlaya saciva ke rUpa meM kArya karate haiM / unase kucha pustakeM bhI dekhane ko milIM aura ve mujhe bAda meM prApta bhI ho giiN| kucha abhI AnI zeSa haiM / 2.30 baje maiM jainAgama vicAra-vimarza kI baiThaka meM sammilita huaa| AcAryazrI bar3I sI caukI para virAjamAna the, yuvAcArya aura anya sAdhu-sAdhviyAM apane-apane Asana para, kalama-kAgaja sahita upasthita the| yuvAcArya Agama ke sampAdana-kArya meM lIna haiM / dizA nirdezana mila rahA hai AcAryazrI se / eka-eka zabda para carcA hotI hai, vyAkhyA noTa kI jAtI hai / zabdArtha para, mUlotpatti para vicAra kiyA jAtA

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eka jyotirmaya yugadraSTA 165 hai / AvazyakatAnusAra zabdakoSa para bhI dRSTi DAlI jAtI hai / Agama carcA meM sabhI muniyoM ko bolane, apanI bAta kahane, apanI jijJAsA vyakta karane, zaMkA samAdhAna karane kI chUTa hai| yuvAcArya noTsa likhAte haiM / yaha kArya bahuta mahatvapUrNa hai| AcAryazrI logoM se bhI milate rahate haiM, unakI kuzala pUchate haiM / zAnta vAtAvaraNa meM loga dUra-dUra se Akara unake darzana karate haiN| binA roka Toka ke koI bhI vahAM A sakatA hai / AcAryazrI kA sneha zubhAzISa sabake lie samAna hai| samatAbhAva meM lIna rahane vAlA yaha karmayogI, vItarAgI santa bhArata kA gaurava hai| AcAryazrI kI mahAnatA isa bAta meM bhI chipI hai ki vaha eka sampradAya ke na hokara sabhI sampradAya ke logoM ke haiN| terApantha ke AcArya hokara bhI ve deza ke AcArya haiM, sabhI jAtiyoM ke loga unakA mAna-sammAna karate haiM / terApantha ke navama AcArya zrI tulasI dvArA calAyA jA rahA 'aNuvrata Andolana' sarvathA asAmpradAyika hai| usane dharma ko vezAtIta tathA sampradAyAtIta rUpa pradAna kiyA hai| yaha eka AcAra saMhitA hai jo pUrNataH sArvakAlika hai, sArvadezika hai / yaha hRdayaparivartana yA vaicArika parivartana kA siddhAnta prastuta karane vAlA Andolana hai / AcArya bhikSu ne jisa terApaMtha kA pravartana kiyA thA usake mUlAdhAra the (1) niSkarma (2) hRdaya-parivartana (3) sApekSatA AcAryazrI tulasI kA aNuvrata Andolana mUlAdhAroM ko apane meM AtmasAta kie hai / yaha Andolana caritra-vikAsa kA Andolana hai, jIvanamUlya kI punarsthApanA kA Andolana hai, phira sAmpradAyika kaise hogA ? AcArya zrI ne apane muniyoM ko harijana-bastI meM vyAkhyAna dene bhejaa| harijanoM ne AcAryazrI kA caraNa sparzana kiyaa| ve aguvrata AMdolana se prabhAvita hue aura mAMsa-madirA kA tyAga kara baitthe| eka bAra unhoMne kahA-''jAtivAda kI tAttvikatA ko svIkAranA manuSya ke lie lajjA kI bAta hai|" harijanoM ke manobala ko bar3hAte hue unhoMne kahA---''Apa meM jo svayaM ko hIna samajhane kI bhAvanA ghara kara gaI hai, yahI Apake lie abhizApa hai| jahAM eka manuSya dUsare manuSya ke lie aspRzya yA ghRNA kA pAtra mAnA jAye, vahAM mAnavatA kA nAza hai / apanI AdatoM ko bdleN| madya-mAMsa Adi burI vRttiyoM ko chor3a deN| jIvana meM sAttvikatA lAyeM / " vastutaH aNuvrata AMdolana sAttvika AcaraNa ke vikAsa kA AMdolana hai, isakA sampradAya, dharma, rAjanIti se koI sambandha nahIM hai| AcAryajI eka sampradAya ke nAyaka haiM, lekina sAMpradAyikatA se ve bahuta Upara haiM / ve sacce-pakke arthoM meM lokanAyaka haiN|

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166 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM AcAryazrI tulasI AcAryatva kI garimA se ApUrNa haiM / "AcAya" zabda AcAra se banA hai| AcAra zabda kI vyutpatti hai-AGa+ca+ ghaJ / isakA artha hai caritra, zIla, vicAra, vrata, vyavahArAcaraNa / jo zAstra ke arthoM kA cayana karatA hai, unheM AcAra yA AcaraNa meM DhAlatA hai, use "AcArya' kahate haiM - - Acinoti hi zAstrArthAn Acarate sthApayatyapi / svayaM Acarate yastu. AcAryaH sa ucyate // "uttarAdhyayana' (pandrahavAM adhyAya) meM sAdhu AcArya kI vizada carcA kI gii| sAdhu, zramaNa yA AcArya kSamAzIla, sahiSNu hotA hai| usameM "mUrchA" nahIM hotI, vaha rasa, rUpa, gaMdha Adi se vimukha rahatA hai| yaha ThIka hai ki jo zikSA detA hai hama use AcArya kahate haiM / AcArya meM kyA-kyA guNa hoM, zAstroM meM usakA acchA, vistArapUrvaka ullekha kiyA gayA hai / AcArya meM 36 guNoM kA samAhAra svIkAra kiyA gayA haitapa 12 antaraMga-prAyazcita, vinaya, vaiyAvRtya, svAdhyAya, vyutsarga, dhyaan| bahiraMga-anazana, UnodarI, vratapratyAkhyAna, rasa parityAga, vivikta zaiyAsana, kAya-kleza / 10 dharma-kSamA, mArdava, Arjava, satya, zauca, saMyama, tapa, tyAga, AkiMcanya, brahmacarya / 6 Avazyaka-samatA, vandanA, stavana, pratikramaNa, kAyotsarga, svA dhyAya / 5 AcAra-darzana, jJAna, cAritra, tapa, vIrya / 3 guptiyAM---mana, vacana, kAya / ___ AcAryazrI ina guNoM se sampanna AcArya haiN| AcArya kA sarvapramukha kartavya AcaraNa hai / AcAra ko ucca karanA hai, doSamukha karanA hai / AcAra se hI dharma nikalatA hai-"AcAra prabhavo dharmaH" AcAryazrI kA dharma AcAra bhUta hai / saMgha ko anuzAsita kara sabako sAtha lekara calate haiM / AcArya kuMdakuMda (pravacanasAra meM) ne AcAra guptiyoM ko pradhAnatA dekara AcArya ke lie kulIna (guNavAna), saMskArazIla, suzIla honA Avazyaka mAnA hai, sAtha hI use sundara AkarSaka vyaktitva vAlA bhI honA cAhie, aisA bhI svIkAra kiyA hai / AcAryazrI tulasI sundara AkarSaka vyaktitva ke dhanI haiM, ve kulIna haiM, saMskArazIla haiM, suzIla haiN|

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AcArya tulasI kI dharmazAsanA : Adhunika saMdarbha meM 'chAMdogyopaniSad' meM kahA gayA hai ki manuSya kI sthiti aisI hai jaise DAka usakI AMkhoM para paTTI bAMdhakara kahIM dUra deza le jAkara chor3a de| aise nirIha aura asahAya vyakti ko usa samaya eka aise vyakti kI, guru kI, mArgadarzaka kI AvazyakatA hotI hai jo usa manuSya kI AMkhoM para se paTTI kholakara use ucita mArga darzAe / Aja hiMsA, svArtha, lobha, moha, artha-lipsA, rAgadveSa ke jaMgala meM manuSya bhautikatA kI paTTI bAMdhe bhaTaka rahA hai aura terApaMtha ke 9veM AcArya zrI tulasI isI bhaTake hue manuSya ko samyak mArga darzAne meM gatizIla haiN| ve mAnavatAvAdI haiN| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki tamila saMta tiruvalluvara ke samAna AcArya tulasI ke sAmane jo manuSya hai vaha unakA bhAI hai, jo deza-prema unake sAmane hai vaha unakA apanA deza-pradeza hai| apanI dakSiNa-yAtrA meM unhoMne kahA thA-"maiM sabase pahale mAnava hUM, usake bAda dhArmika hUM, usake bAda jaina aura usake bAda terApaMtha dharmasaMgha kA AcArya / " AcArya tulasI mAnava dharma ke pratiSThApaka haiM, vaha jAti evaM sampradAya kI durbala, saMkIrNa paridhi meM baMdhakara nahIM rhte| unake sAmane mAnavatA kA vizAla sAgara laharA rahA hai, vaha usameM avagAhana karate haiN| sabake duHkha-darda sunate haiM, unake ghAvoM para marahama rakhate haiM, unheM hiMsA se ahiMsA kI ora le jAte haiM, unheM saMgraha se aparigraha kI ora bar3hane kI zikSA dete haiM, durAgraha yA matAgraha ke saMgharSamaya patha se haTAkara anekAnta ke maitrImaya caurAhe para lAkara khar3A karate haiM / aba taka unhoMne bhArata meM pacAsa hajAra ki0 mI0 kI paidala yAtrA karake eka anupama dRSTAnta va kIrtimAna prastuta kiyA hai| lagatA hai sUrya timira ke pAsa pahuMcA hai, yA gaMgA pyAte ke pAsa gaI hai, yA maMjila musAphira ke caraNoM se lipaTa gaI hai, yA saMjIvinI rogI ke pAsa svataH pahuMca gaI hai| aise saMta pravara kI dRSTi meM rakhakara tulasI ne unheM calatAphiratA tIrtharAja kahA hai "muda maMgalamaya saMta samAjU, jo jaga jaMgama tIratharAjU / " AcAryazrI tulasI kI dharma-yAtrA maitrI-yAtrA hai, prema-yAtrA hai, samatA-yAtrA hai, sevA-yAtrA hai / yahAM apane parAye kA koI bheda nahIM, svArtha kI koI cAhata nahIM, yaza kI koI kAmanA nahIM / unakI dRSTi meM samatA aura mAtmaupamya bhAva kI nirbhariNI hai jo sabhI ko samAna rUpa se abhisiMcita tathA zItala karatI hai| unake sAmane sadA mahAvIra kI yaha vANI sAkArita

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adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM hai-"mittI me savva bhuuesu"| mahAvIra ne sabhI ke prati ahiMsA aura maitrI kA, sevA aura karuNA kA vyavahAra kiyaa| vaha samanvaya ke sUtradhAra the aura AcAryazrI tulasI usI samanvaya kI paramparA ko Aja sAkAra rUpa de rahe haiM / Aja cAroM ora jo saMgharSa aura ghRNA kA dUSita vAtAvaraNa hai usako svaccha karane ke lie maitrI-bhAva kI AvazyakatA hai| maMtrI bhAva ko zatru taka pahuMcAnA cAhie, apane virodhiyoM ko bhI maMtrI bhAva se jItA jA sakatA hai, unake hRdaya ko badalA jA sakatA hai, unake vikAroM ko dUra kiyA jA sakatA hai / hameM cAhie ki apane hRdaya ko vizAla banAeM, bhAvoM ko, buddhi ko pariSkRta kareM, mana ko khulA rakheM to aneka samasyAoM kA samAdhAna kara sakate haiN| AcAryazrI tulasI ne yaha bahuta acchI bAta kahI hai-sevA aura maitrI ke sambandha meM Aja bhI bahuta logoM kI avadhAraNAeM spaSTa nahIM haiN| ve maitrIbhAva bar3hAte haiM samAna-dharmA logoM ke sAtha / unakA abhimata hai-samAnakula, samAna bala, samAnavaya aura samAna vaibhava vAloM ke sAtha hI maitrI hotI hai / vAstava meM ye saba maitrI kI sahI kasauTiyAM nhiiN| hameM sabhI prANiyoM se maitrIbhAva rakhanA cAhie / 'jo vyakti jitanA adhika udAra, sevAbhAvI aura tatvajJa hotA hai usakI mitratA kA dAyarA utanA hI vistRta hotA hai| saMkIrNa vicAroM ke paudhe para mitratA ke phUla nahIM khila sakate / " svArtha maitrI kI bhAvanA ko kalaMkita tathA pradUSita kara detA hai| isI prakAra sevAbhAva hameM sabhI ke prati apanAnA caahie| yahAM bhI svArtha ko, apanI jAti yA dharma ko, pAsa nahIM phaTakane denA caahie| hameM mAnava ko mAnava samajhakara sevA karanI cAhie, samAna jAti yA samAna dharma kA samajhakara nahIM karanI cAhie / sevA "sva" aura "para" se Upara uThakara, apane ko samarpita karake kI jAnI cAhie / AcAryazrI tulasI ne "paMcasUtra' meM yahI bhAva vyakta kiyA hai-- sevA zAzvatiko dharmaH, sevA bhedavisarjanam / sevA samarpaNaM svasya, sevA jJAnaphalaM mahat / / lekina sevA karane kA matalaba yaha nahIM ki kisI ko karmahIna banAyA jAe, use pramAdI yA pauruSa vihIna banA diyA jaae| sevA dvArA kisI ko nirAzA tathA hInatA kA zikAra nahIM hone denA caahie| zrI tulasIjI kahate haiM, "puruSArtha karma kA janaka hai aura karma puruSArtha kA janya hai|" manuSya puruSArtha kA prayoga kara bhAgya ko badala sakatA hai, karma-phala meM parivartana lA sakatA hai| unhoMne karma ke sAtha citta kI nirmalatA para bhI bala diyA hai| karma ke sAtha mana kA milanA "vikarma" hai, "bhAvakarma'' hai, yahI vAstavika karma hai, yahI saccI sAdhanA hai / karma ke sAtha citta kA milanA adbhuta AnaMda pradAna karatA hai-yahI karma upAsanA bana jAtA hai|

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AcArya tulasI kI dharmazAsanA : Adhunika saMdarbha meM 169 dharma aura sampradAya ke nAma para jo hiMsA, raktapAta, upadrava, agnikANDa narakANDa hote haiM ve mAnavatA ke lie zarmanAka haiN| hameM saMkIrNatA se Upara uThanA cAhie; vaha saMkIrNatA cAhe dharma kI ho, jAti yA sampradAya kI ho yA bhASA athavA prAntIya ho / AcArya tulasI ke matAnusAra sampradAya nahIM, sAmpradAyikatA burI hotI hai| sampradAya eka gatizIla paramparA hai, usakA rUr3ha honA sAmpradAyikatA hai| yahI sAmpradAyikatA vaimanasya aura saMgharSa kA rUpa lekara mahAn aniSTa karatI hai| vaha nahIM cAhate ki dharma ke nAma para ghRNA yA hiMsA phaile / vaha cAhate haiM ki manuSya meM "sarvadharmasadbhAva" kI bhAvanA utpanna ho / unhoMne "sarvadharmasadbhAva' ko samajhAte hue kahA ki "mere abhimata se sarvadharmasadbhAva kA artha itanA hI hai ki apane dvArA svIkRta sahI siddhAntoM ke prati dRr3ha vizvAsa aura dUsare ke vicAroM ke prati sahiSNutA / kisI vyakti yA sampradAya ke siddhAntoM para AkSepa karanA, kisI ke prati ghRNA va tiraskAra ke bhAva phailAnA, kisI ke sAtha avAMchanIya vyavahAra karanA, sadbhAvanA meM bAdhAeM haiN| vaicArika sahiSNutA ke vikAsa aura dharma ke maulika siddhAntoM ko loka jIvana meM utArane kA sAmUhika prayatna-ye do bAteM aisI haiM, jo dhArmika sadbhAvanA kI niSpatti ho sakatI. haiN|" AcAryazrI yahAM anekAnta dRSTi kI jyoti vikIrNa karate haiN| mahAvIra kA anekAntavAda hI Aja vizva ko vaicArika saMgharSoM se dUra rakha sakatA hai / yaha jo "sTAra vAra' kI bAta bar3I garma hai, use ThaNDA kiyA jA sakatA haiisI vaicArika dRSTi se yAni anekAntavAda se / yahI saha-astitva hai, ahiMsAbhAva hai, yahI sarvadharmoM ke prati sahiSNu bananA hai / eka deza ke dUsare deza se jo bhI matabheda haiM ve saba anekAnta-dRSTi se dUra kiye jA sakate haiM / yadi hama vaicArika sahiSNutA se kAma leM,. sarvadharma sadbhAva ko apanAeM to mAnavatA ko sukha-zAMtimaya vAtAvaraNa pradAna kara sakate haiM aura tRtIya mahAyuddha kI vibhISikA se bacA sakate haiM / AcAryazrI tulasI kI dRSTi bahumukhI hai, unakA vyaktitva bahuAyAmI hai| ve dharma ke sAtha deza aura samAja para gaharI dRSTi rakhate haiN| jaba deza hiMsAtmaka ghaTanAoM se do-cAra thA to unhoMne eka kuzala tathA vyApaka dRSTisampanna mahAn lokanAyaka ke rUpa meM paMjAba kI samasyA kA ahiMsAtmaka samAdhAna khojane meM sva0 saMta loMgovAla ko prerita kiyA, unheM sahayoga diyaa| lagabhaga do ghaNToM taka unase bAtacIta kI aura anta meM AcAryajI ne kahA-ApakI bAta se jJAta huA ki Apa deza kI akhaNDatA cAhate haiN| AtaMkavAda aura alagAvavAda kI mAMga ApakI nahIM hai / Apase milakara bahuta prasannatA huI / hamArI paune do ghaNTe kI bAta meM eka kSaNa ke lie bhI Apake cehare yA vANI meM Akroza aura uttejanA kI jhalaka nahIM milii|

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170 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM zAnti aura saumyatA ko dekhakara hI aisI pratIti hogI ki sacamuca saMta- milana huA hai / " hamAre samAja meM aneka kurItiyAM haiM jo kuroga bana gaI haiM / unako samUla ucchedita karane meM bhI zrI tulasI pUrNata: sakriya haiN| aspRzyatA to hamAre samAja meM eka abhizApa banA hai / unhoMne isa dizA meM racanAtmaka kArya kiye, kevala jubAnI jamA-kharca nahIM kiyaa| unake saMgha ke sAdhusAdhviyAM achUtoM kI bastiyoM meM gaye, ziviroM kA Ayojana kiyA aura unhoMne isa dizA meM do kArya kiye (1) uccavarga se aham bhAva naSTa karanA ( 2 ) aspRzya jAti, dalita logoM ke mana se honatA kA bhAva miTAnA / unhoMne apane "amRta mahotsava" ke avasara para amRta kalaza yAtrA ke pAMca saMkalpoM meM aspRzyatA nivAraNa ko bhI zAmila kiyA thA / unhoMne sahI pharamAyA"mere abhimata se jAtIyatA kA garva jitanA burA hai, hIna bhAvanA bhI usase kama burI nahIM hai / apane Apako hIna, dIna aura astitvahIna mAnane vAle anacAhe hI jAtIyatA kI bhAvanA ko protsAhana dete haiM / aise logoM ko vizvAsa meM lekara samajhAne se hI unheM apane astitva kA bodha ho sakegA / " aspRzyatA ke nivAraNa meM yoga dekara AcAryazrI ne mahAvIra ke mizana ko sAkArita kiyA hai / mahAvIra jAtivAda ke viruddha the, unhoMne jAti se tapa ko zreSTha mAnA "sakkha khu dIsaI tavo viseso, na dIsaI jAivisesa koI / " - vizeSakara jahAM taka parigraha tathA anya vyasanoM kI bAta hai AcAryazrI tulasI kI dRSTi una para bhI rahatI hai / unhoMne dekhA ki hamArA samAjayuvA varga mAdaka dravyoM ke sevana meM pravRtta hotA jA rahA hai, isalie isa durvyasana kI rokathAma Avazyaka hai| isase chuTakArA pAne ke lie unhoMne kAnUna ke sAtha-sAtha hRdaya parivartana kI bhI bAta kahI hai / vAstava meM kAnUna kA pAlana to manuSya bhaya ke kAraNa asthAyI rUpa meM hI kara pAtA hai, magara hRdaya parivartana ke dvArA to manuSya ke AcAra-vicAra meM sthAyI parivartana ho jAtA hai / Ajakala hIroina, hazIza, madyapAna Adi kA zikAra hai hamArA yuvA samAja, nimna jAtiyAM / mAdaka dravyoM se manuSya ko viveka-vRtti naSTa ho jAtI hai, usameM aparAdha-cetanA kA udaya hotA hai aura phira vahI aparAdha, hiMsA, AtaMka lUTamAra kA rAstA usake sAmane raha jAtA hai / unake vicAra meM hameM mahAvIra tathA gAMdhI dvArA nirdiSTa sAdhana-zuddhi ke mArga ko apanA kara, use kAryAnvita kara, dhyAna aura anuprekSA dvArA aisI burAiyoM, rogoM kI rokathAma kI jA sakatI hai / AcAryazrI tulasI ke bahuAyAmI vyaktitva kI eka jhAMkI hameM DA0

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AcArya tulasI kI dharmazAsanA : Adhunika saMdarbha meM rAdhAkRSNana kI aMgrejI pustaka * Living with Purpose' meM bhI milatI hai jahAM unhoMne guru nAnaka, dayAnanda sarasvatI, tilaka, gokhale, rAjA rAmamohana rAya, paTela, AjAda, motIlAla neharU Adi ke sAtha AcAryajI kI carcA bhI kI hai aura kahA hai ki unhoMne apanA jIvana dalita aura pichar3e logoM ke sudhAra meM, unake AcAra-vyavahAra kI zuddhi meM samarpita kiyA hai| anaitikatA tathA sAmAjika kurItiyoM se jUjhane kA unhoMne saMkalpa liyA hai| unhoMne hamAre vidvAnoM, zikSA-zAstriyoM, rAjanItijJoM sabhI ko prabhAvita kiyA hai| rAjagopAlAcArya, rAjendra bAbU, paMDita javAharalAla neharU, puruSottamadAsa TaMDana, indirA gAMdhI, kAkA kAlelakara, vinobA bhAve, murArajI desAI, jayaprakAza nArAyaNa, jAkira husaina Adi unake samparka se prabhAvita hue| 1962 meM gaMgAzahara (rAja.) meM eka bhavya samAroha meM DA0 rAdhAkRSNan ne unheM eka abhinandana-grantha bheMTa kiyA thaa| AcAryazrI 1971 meM "yugapradhAna AcArya" ke rUpa meM sammAnita hue| vaha 1936 se AcArya pada kA vidhivat uttaradAyitva vahana karate A rahe haiN| vi0 saMvat 1971 ko lADanUM meM janme bAlaka tulasI alpAyu meM hI terApaMtha ke AThaveM AcAryazrI kAlagaNIjI dvArA dIkSita hue aura 11 varSoM taka medhAvI chAtra ke rUpa meM adhyayana-manana kara guru kAlUgaNIjI dvArA 22 varSa kI ubharatI javAnI meM AcArya pada ko prApta hue| kahate haiM unhoMne apane gyAraha varSIya muni sAdhanA ke samaya 20 hajAra padya kaNThastha kara liye the / unheM zrI kAlUgaNI ne apanI mRtyu se pUrva hI apanA uttarAdhikArI manonIta kara diyA thaa| isI prakAra AcArya tulasI ne apane jIvana kAla meM hI apane yogyatama ziSya zrI nathamalajI ko apanA uttarAdhikArI pharavarI, 1979 meM manonIta kiyaa| munizrI nathamalajI ko AcAryazrI tulasI ne "mahAprajJa" kI upAdhi 1978 meM pradAna kii| yaha AcAryajI kI mahAnatA, udAratA ke sAtha unake guNoM kI parakha kA anupama kauzala hai| AcArya zrI tulasI ko pUrNataH samarpita haiM zrI yuvAcAryajI / unhIM kI vidvattA tathA pADiNtya ke dvArA AcAryajI jainAgamoM kA sampAdana-kArya karAkara eka avismaraNIya tathA ciravaMdya sevA kara rahe haiN| aisA lagatA hai jaise AcAryazrI tulasI sUrya haiM aura "yuvAcArya mahAprajJa" unakI kiraNeM; AcAryazrI tulasI kamala haiM aura yuvAcArya mahAprajJa usakA saurabha, AcAryazrI tulasI cinAra haiM aura usakI zItala chAyA yuvAcArya mhaaprjny| donoM kA avinAbhAva sambandha hai, yaha terApaMtha saMgha kI gaMgA-jamanA haiM / vastutaH yuvAcArya ke nirmANa meM unakA apanA hI samarpaNa bhAva pramukha hai, aisA AcAryajI mAnate haiM / ___ AcAryazrI tulasI ne 1949 meM 'aNuvrata Andolana ko prArambha kiyA / use vyAvahArika dRSTi pradAna karane meM yuvAcArya kA bhI hAtha rahA /

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172 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM AcArya bhikSu ke maulika ciMtana ko yugIna saMdarbha meM prastuta karane kA kArya yuvAcArya kA hai| "prekSAdhyAna" nAma se eka svatantra sAdhanA-paddhati jaina samAja ko pradAna karane meM unhoMne sahayoga diyA aura ina sabake pIche AcAryazrI tulasI kA preraka vyaktitva hI sakriya thaa| AcAryazrI tulasI ne ThIka hI pharamAyA "ye mujhase bhinna koI vyakti nhiiN|" isase bar3hakara eka ziSya kI prazaMsA kyA hogI? yaha guru kI bhI apanI gurutA hai, bar3appana hai| ve AcAryajI ke citana ke saphala, maulika, prabhAvazIla bhASyakAra haiN| "jaba se maiMne inameM apanA uttarAdhikAra niyojita kiyA hai, maiM ina meM apanA hI rUpa dekhatA huuN|" yaha hai sneha kA udvelita sAgara / eka sau pustakoM se adhika pustakoM ke racayitA yuvAcAryajI prakANDa vidvAn, kuzala vaktA, maulika ciMtaka, mahAn dArzanika, kuzAgra sampAdaka, gahana tatvAnveSI, medhAvI bhASyakAra haiM / unakA citana pravAha yuga kI dhArA ke sAtha pravahamAna hai| isakA zreya AcArya zrI tulasI ko hai| AcAryajI kA dharmasaMgha, usakI vyavasthA yA anuzAsana prazaMsya hai| eka sthAna para AcArya tulasI ne kahA hai-''hamAre deza meM kevala dharma yA naitika mUlyoM kI samasyA nahIM hai / eka jvalaMta aura sArvabhauma samasyA hai artha kI / artha kA atibhAva vilAsitA bar3hAtA hai aura artha kA abhAva vyakti ko krUra evaM aparAdhI banAtA hai| ina donoM vargoM ke loga kabhI svastha aura sukhI nahIM ho sakate / isa samasyA ke sandarbha meM aguvrata darzana ne do sUtra diye-visarjana aura sNvibhaag| visarjana kA artha hai apane svAmitva aura mamatva ko chor3anA / isane saMgraha aura zoSaNa kI manovRtti meM badalAva AtA hai| saMvibhAga kA artha hai "sabakA zrama aura sabakA svAmitva / ' yahAM svAmI aura sevaka na hokara donoM bhAgIdAra hote haiM / yaha dRSTikoNa bar3A hI upayogI hai-vizeSakara udyoga ke kSetra meM / udyogapati kA ahaMbhAva, usakA svAmitva kama hotA hai, udhara zramikoM meM AtmavizvAsa tathA AtmasammAna bar3hatA hai, unakI hInatA kama hotI hai| aNuvrata dvArA nirdiSTa tathA pracArita yaha saMvibhAga Aja ke sandarbha meM upayogI tathA anukaraNIya hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne jisa aparigrahavAda kA darzana diyA thA-aguvrata meM use AcAryazrI ne "visarjana" tathA "saMvibhAga" ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai / AcArya umAsvAmI ne parigraha ko 'mUrchA' yA mamatva kahA hai| Aja yahI mamatva yA lobhavRtti hamAre samAja ko ghuNa kI bhAMti andara hI andara khAye jA rahI hai aura use khokhalA kara rahI hai / vaha bhraSTAcAra, utkoca, zoSaNa, milAvaTa, jamAkhorI, daheja na jAne kisa-kisa rUpa meM parilakSita hotI hai| AcAryajI ne aNuvrata Andolana ko naitikatA se jor3akara use dharmakrAnti kA vAhaka aura mAnavajAti ke lie sArvadezika rUpa upayogI bnaayaa| yaha Andolana na jAti

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AcArya tulasI kI dharmazAsanA : Adhunika saMdarbha meM 173 vizeSa kA hai, na dharmavizeSa kA hai aura na deza vizeSa kA hai| yaha mAnavadharma kA Andolana hai / isake pramukhataH tIna uddezya haiM :--(ka) janasAdhAraNa meM naitikatA kA bhAva utpanna karanA (kha) dhArmika jIvana se dharmasthAna aura karmasthAna kI viSamatA va visaMgati ko dUra karanA (ga) sAmAjika samasyAoM kA samAdhAna vrata dvArA krnaa| vastuta: isa Andolana kA kAma saMskAroM kA pariSkAra tathA nirmANa karanA hai, vyakti ko naitika AdarzoM yA mUlyoM ke prati niSThAzIla banAnA hai| unhoMne kahA hai -"jo vyakti apanA hita sAdhane ke lie dUsaroM ke hitoM kA vighaTana nahIM karatA, dUsaroM ke prati krUra vyavahAra aura vizvAsaghAta nahIM karatA, use maiM naitika AdamI mAnatA huuN|" vyakti ko naitika banane se kucha bAdhAeM rokatI haiM aura ye bAdhAeM haiM -nirdhanatA yA daridratA, anaitika tarIkoM dvArA lAbha yA dhanArjana, apane ko bar3A samajhane kA ahaM, kukarma kA phala burA hai, isameM vizvAsa na rkhnaa| isa Andolana ke dvArA ve tyAga aura naitika cetanA kA sukhada Aloka cAroM dizAoM meM vikIrNa karanA cAhate haiM / unhoMne isa Andolana ke dvArA hamArI samasyAoM ke samAdhAna kA eka samyak upAya sujhAyA hai, hamAre hRdaya meM naitika cetanA kI lau jalAI hai| yaha hamArA uttaradAyitva hai ki hama sadaiva use prajjvalita tathA akampa rkheN| AcAryajI ne ThIka kahA hai-"maiM samasyA ke sthAyI samAdhAna meM kabhI vizvAsa nahIM krtaa| sUrya pratidina prakAza detA hai aura andhakAra ko haratA hai| manuSya kA manuSyatva isI meM hai ki vaha samasyAoM ke sAmane samAdhAna kI lau jalAtA rhe|" AcAryazrI tulasI ne 17,924 dinoM kI paidala yAtrA kA kIrtimAna sthApita kiyA aura janamAnasa ko Andolita kiyaa| naitika mUlyoM ke AdhAra para mAnavIya ekatA kA mArga prazasta kiyaa| aNuvrata tathA prekSAdhyAna ko dezavyApI rUpa pradAna kiyaa| apanA eka yogyatama uttarAdhikArI 'yuvAcArya ma prajJa' niyukta kiyA / dharmasaMgha ko vartamAna yuga ke pariveza meM ddhaalaa| dharmasampradAyoM meM maitrI tathA samanvaya kI jota jlaaii| Aja sAta sau sAdhusAdhviyAM unake dharmasaMgha meM sammilita haiM, asaMkhya zrAvakoM kI zraddhA aura sadbhAvanA ke suvAsita puppoM se unakA AMcala bharA hai| unhoMne kahA hai"sAmpradAyika ekatA kI bAta taba taka pUrI nahIM ho sakatI jaba taka eka dUsare sampradAya ke prati Adara ke bhAva na hoN| hamane isakA prayoga kiyA / jaina sampradAyoM ke AcAryoM tathA manuSyoM ke milana kA rAstA khulaa| jaina zAsana kI prabhAvanA ke sambandha meM carcAeM calIM aura eka maMca se kAryakrama hone lage / bhagavAna mahAvIra kI paccIsa sauvIM nirvANa zatAbdI kA Ayojana bhI ekatA ke lie eka nimitta bnaa| usa prasaMga meM jaina samAja ne eka dhvaja, eka pratIka aura eka grantha ko mAnyatA dekara zatAbdiyoM se bar3hatI jA rahI

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174 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM dUrI ko pATa diyaa|" isa prakAra AcAryazrI tulasI eka samanvayavAdI haiM, mAnava ko mAnava se, sampradAya ko sampradAya se, dharma ko dharma se jor3ane vAle haiM / unhoMne jaina samAja se yaha anurodha kiyA ki jahAM kahIM hiMsA yA AtaMka kA vAtAvaraNa ho vahAM vaha jAyeM aura sadbhAvanA kA vAtAvaraNa bnaayeN| deza kA, Ane vAlI pIr3hI kA bhaviSya anuzAsana kA pAlana karane meM hai| unhoMne logoM se anurodha kiyA ki ve praNa kareM ki daheja nahIM leMge, vivAha-zAdI para dikhAvA-dhana-mAna-pradarzana nahIM kareMge, khAdya sAmagrI tathA auSadhiyoM Adi meM milAvaTa nahIM kareMge, sAmpradAyika bhedabhAva tathA aspRzyatA ko samUla naSTa kara bhAvAtmaka ekatA aura rASTrIya akhaNDatA ko bar3hAvA deNge| AcAryazrI tulasI ne kiraNeM DhUMDhI to unheM ujAloM kI kamI nahIM rhii| unhoMne apanI mAnyatAoM ko, terApaMtha ke siddhAnta ko yuga ke pariveza meM prastuta kiyaa| unakA vyaktitva aura kRtitva vividha AyAmoM ke raMgoM se anuraMjita hai| apane pragatizIla vyaktitva dvArA unhoMne janamAnasa ko, yuga cetanA ko navIna sphUti, nayA Atmabala aura nayI dizA pradAna kii| ve hamAre sAmane eka yugapuruSa ke rUpa meM vaMdanIya haiN| lAkhoM loga unake anuyAyI haiM, lAkhoM logoM ke hRdaya meM ve ghara kiye hue haiM maiM akelA hI calA thA jAnibe maMjila magara, loga sAtha hote gaye aura kAravAM banatA gayA / vaha manuSya ko manuSya se aura hRdaya ko hRdaya se milAne kA kAma kara rahe haiM tU barAe vasla karadana AdamI, na basae phasla karadana AdamI /

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islAma kI rozanI meM aNumata Andolana yogezvara bhagavAna zrIkRSNa gItA meM kahate haiM ki vAyu vikAra rahita sthAna para jalatA huA dIpaka jaise nizcala hokara jalatA hai vaisI hI sthiti saMyata jJAnayogI kI hotI hai / ' eka aura sthAna para vahAM zrIkRSNajI kahate haiM ki maiM una yogIjanoM ke antaHkaraNa meM tejasvI dIpaka jalA diyA karatA hUM jisase ajJAnajanita andhakAra ko prakAzamaya tattvajJAna-dopaka ke dvArA naSTa kara detA huuN|' aNuvrata anuzAstA AcAryazrI tulasIjI bhI eka karmayogI ke sadRza samAja ke ajJAnAMdhakAra ko dUra kara rahe haiN| aNuvrata kA akaMpita dIpa jalAkara unhoMne 50 hajAra ki0 mI0 kI paidala yAtrA kara gAMva-gAMva, nagaranagara jAkara logoM ko jJAnAloka pradAna kiyA, unakI ajJAnajanita rur3hiyoM ko naSTa kiyA aura eka svastha samAja kI saMracanA meM apanA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyaa| unakA yaha aNuvrata Andolana sAmpradAyAtIta hai, sampradAya se Upara hai, zuddha mAnava-stara para Arur3ha hai, usameM sAmpradAyika yA dhArmika Agraha nahIM hai / kahane kA matalaba yaha hai ki vaha saMkIrNa aura parisImita uddezyoM kI pUrti ke lie zurU nahIM kiyA gayA hai| usakA uddezya mahAna hai, sarvahitakArI hai, mAnavIya dharAtala para hai| vaha manuSya ko vyasana-mukta karatA hai aura aise caritra kA nirmANa karatA hai jo samAja ke bahumukhI vikAsa meM sahAyaka hotA hai, samAja kI aisI saMracanA karatA hai jo jIvana-mUlyoM kA saMrakSaNa-parivardhana karatI hai / AcAryazrI tulasI kA yaha Andolana manuSya ko zIlavAna banane kA mArgadarzAtA hai, usake andhakAra kA haraNa karatA hai| andhakAra do prakAra kA hotA hai : (1) bhAva andhakAra : yAnI mithyAtva, ajJAna (2) dravya andhakAra : yAnI prakAza kA abhAva yahAM prathama prakAra ke andhakAra se abhipreta hai jo manuSya mithyAtva 1. yathA dIpo nivAtastho neDaga sopamA smRtA / yogino yatacittasya yujaMto yogamAtmaH // -gItA (6,19) 2. teSAmevAnukaMpArthamahapajJAnajaM tamaH / nAzayAmyAtmabhAvarastho jJAnadIpena bhAsvatA // -gItA (10,11)

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176 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM yA ajJAna meM rahatA hai vaha vivekahIna hotA hai aura vivekahIna manuSya usa aMdhe vyakti kI bhAMti hotA hai jo dUsare ko bhI gaDDhe meM girA detA hai-'andhe aMdhA TheliyA donoM kUpa paData' (kbiir)| tulasIdAsa ne dIpaka ko dehalI para rakhane kI bAta kahI hai rAma nAma manidIpa dharu, jIha deharI dvAra / tulasI bhItara bAherahuM jauM cAhasi ujiAra // (dohAvalI 6) yadi manuSya bhItara aura bAhara donoM ora prakAza (laukika aura pAramArthika jJAna) cAhatA hai to mukharUpI daravAje kI dehalI para rAmanAmarUpI (havA ke jhoMke aura tela kI kamI ke kAraNa bhI na bujhane vAlA, nityaprakAzamAna) maNidIpa rakha do| yAnI manuSya jihvA dvArA nirantara rAmanAma kA japa karatA rahe / AcArya tulasI kA aNuvrata Andolana saccaritra kA nirmANa karane vAlA hai| usake niyamoM kA anuvartana karane para manuSya laukika aura pAramArthika lAbha arjita kara sakatA hai / unakA aNuvrata Andolana kaI dazakoM se calAyA jA rahA hai aura usakA logoM para dezavyApI prabhAva par3A hai| isa Andolana kA sUtrapAta nimna vratoM/saMkalpoM se huA jo Aja bhI na kevala apanI prAsaMgikatA banAe hai balki apane prabhAva ko bhI akSuNNa rakhe hue hai| ye gyAraha sUtrI niyama/saMkalpa ve haiM jinakA 2 mArca 1949 meM aNuvrata Andolana kA pravartana karate samaya rASTrasaMta AcAryazrI tulasI ne AcAra-saMhita ke rUpa meM pratipAdana kiyA (1) niraparAdha prANI kI hatyA na karanA / (2) kisI para AkramaNa na karanA, AkrAmaka nIti kA samarthana na karanA aura vizva-zAnti tathA niHzastrIkaraNa ke lie prayatnazIla rhnaa| (3) hiMsAtmaka upadravoM, tohaphor3amUlaka pravRttiyoM meM bhAga na lenaa| (4) mAnavIya ekatA meM vizvAsa karate hue jAtIya raMgabheda kI, UMca-nIca kI bhAvanA ko na mAnanA aura kisI ko aspRzya na smjhnaa| (5) dhArmika sahiSNutA kA bhAva rakhate hue sAmpradAyika uttejanA na phailaanaa| (6) vyavahAra tathA vyavasAya meM ImAnadAra rhnaa| (7) nirvAcana ke samaya anaitika AcaraNa na krnaa| (8) sAmAjika kurItiyoM, rur3hiyoM ko protsAhana na denA, yAnI daheja, mRtyubhoja, bAlavivAha Adi kA virodha karanA /

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islAma kI rozanI meM aNuvrata Andolana 177 (9) mAdaka yAni nazIle dravyoM-zarAba, gAMjA, carasa, heroina, bhAMga, tambAkU, mAMsa Adi kA sevana na krnaa| (10) brahmacarya kA, indriya-saMyama kA niraMtara vikAsa karanA / (11) vyasana-mukta jIvana yApana karanA aura paryAvaraNa kI samasyA ke prati sajaga rhnaa| ina niyamoM, vratoM para dhyAna diijie| ina para amala karane se manuSya meM cAritrika pavitratA AtI hai, usakA jIvana anuzAsana meM rahatA hai| yahAM anuzAsana kA artha hai apane para zAsana, svayaM para niyaMtraNa rkhnaa| ina niyamoM meM koI dhArmika , sAmpradAyika Agraha nahIM hai / ye sabhI ko cAritrika pAvanatA pradAna karane vAle haiM / svastha samAja kI saMracanA karane vAle haiN| isalie inheM hindU, musalamAna, sikha, IsAI sabhI dharmoM, sampradAyoM, jAtiyoM ke loga apane jIvana meM kriyAnvita kara sakate haiM aura kara rahe haiM / yaha sAmAjika krAnti kA Andolana hai, eka prakAra se mAnavIya AcAra saMhitA hai, ataH mAnavadharma hai / aNuvrata Andolana mAnava-dharma kA Andolana hai| isakA AdhAra hai 'saMyamaH khalu jIvanam' / saMyama kA Aloka darzAne vAlA yaha aguvrata Andolana sabhI ke lie sulabha tathA sugama hai / kyA vidyArthI, kyA vyApArI, kyA vakIla, kyA adhyApaka , kyA netA, kyA DAkTara, kyA sAdhu, kyA adhikArI, kyA majadUra, kyA kisAna sabhI aNuvrata Andolana ke pathika banakara apane tathA samAja ke utthAna meM sahAyaka bana sakate haiM / 'saMyama hI jIvana hai' yaha udghoSa hai aNuvrata Andolana kaa| sukha kI spRhA ko sImita karanA, parigraha ko sImita karanA, sukha-suvidhA ke sAdhanoM para anadhikAra adhikAra prApta na karanA, indriya tathA mana kA dAsa na bananA aNuvrata kA darzana hai| aNuvrata kI AcAra-saMhitA naitika utthAna ke lie hai, yaha rASTravyApI hai, mAnava-dharma hai / yaha sarvadharma samanvaya, sahiSNutA, hiMsAmUlaka pravRttiyoM kA prazamana, ahiMsA, pralobhana se bacanA, Adi ke dvArA hama sAmAjika yA jAtIya bhedabhAva ko dUra kara sakate haiM, sAmpradAyika bhAvanA ko samApta kara sakate haiM aura eka udAracetA manuSya kA nirmANa kara sakate haiN| aNuvrata Andolana nIti-mAnya naitika takAjoM kI dastAveja hai jisameM mAnavatA kA kalyANa sannihita hai, eka vyApaka dRSTi hai, sabako jor3ane kI, eka sAtha lekara calane kI kSamatA hai| yahI udAravAdI dRSTikoNa sAmane dekhakara sabhI dharmoM-sampradAyoM ke logoM ne AcAryazrI tulasI ke nirdiSTa mArga kA anusaraNa kiyA aura karor3oM kI saMkhyA meM aNuvatI bana gaye, bana rahe haiM aura Age bhI bneNge| bhalA kauna aisA kubuddhi hogA, vivekazUnya hogA jo gaMgA jaise pAvana aNuvrata ke abhiyAna meM DubakI lagAnA na cAhegA? aNuvrata Andolana satsaMskAroM ko janma dene vAlA, unakA abhyutthAna

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178 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM tathA vikAsa karane vAlA vyAvahArika Andolana hai jisake pradhAnatayA tIna mUla uddezya haiM ( 1 ) manuSya ko AtmasaMyama kI ora sampradAya, bhASA, prAnta Adi ke (2) samAja meM maitrI, ekatA aura zAnti kI sthApanA karanA / (6) zoSaNavihIna yA svatantra samAja kI saMracanA karanA / utprerita karanA aura jAti, bhedabhAva ko dUra karanA / Aja cAroM tarapha hiMsA kA raktima tANDava ho rahA hai / na saMyama hai, na udAratA hai / ghRNA, dveSa, lobha, IrSyA kA vAtAvaraNa hai / manuSya manuSya ke bIca phAsale bar3hate jA rahe haiM / una bar3hate phAsaloM ko kama karane ke lie aNuvrata setu kA kAma karatA hai, manuSya ko manuSya se jor3atA hai, eka saMpradAya ko dUsare sampradAya se jor3atA hai, eka dharma ko dUsare dharma ke karIba lAtA hai jor3anA isakA pramukha lakSya hai / yaha suI kA kAma karatA hai, kaiMcI kA nahIM jo kATatI hai, dUrI bar3hAtI hai, pRthak karatI hai / mahAvIra kA prasiddha sUtra hai; mittI me savva bhUesu, veraM majbhaM na keNai / ' AcAryazrI tulasI kA Andolana bhI maitrI kA, ekatA kA, sadbhAva kA Andolana hai, mAnava-dharma kI pratiSThApana kA Andolana hai / AcAryazrI tulasI mAnava-dharma ke mahAn AcArya haiM, purodhA haiM / Aja kA manuSya, samAja aura deza jina pramukha samasyAoM se do-cAra hai ve hamArI apanI durbalatA ke kAraNa udbhUta haiM / jidhara dekho udhara hiMsA hai, AtaMka hai, ugravAda hai, hatyAeM haiM / cAritrahInatA, sAmpradAyikatA aura andhavizvAsa hai / eka tarapha bhUkha, berojagArI aura mahaMgAI hai to dUsarI ora aspRzyatA, nirakSaratA aura jAtivAda hai / pRthaktAvAda alaga sarpa kI bhAMti phUphkAra kara rahA hai / aise meM koI nirbhaya manuSya dikhAI nahIM detA, sabhI bhayAkula haiM / AcAryazrI tulasI aNuvrata Andolana dvArA manuSya kA nava nirmANa karanA cAhate haiM, use susaMskRta nirbhaya va zIlavAna banAnA cAhate haiM, zuddha AcaraNa vAlA, ahiMsA, saMyama kA pAlana karane vAlA banAnA cAhate haiM / . mAno aNuvrata aisA sAMcA hai jisameM Dhalakara jo nikalegA vaha vyasanamukta hogA, udAracetA aura sahiSNu hogA, saba se maitrI bhAva rakhane vAlA hogA, eka saccA - pakkA, kharA mAnava-dharma kA pAlana karane vAlA hI hogaa| Aja hamArA samAja aura deza samasyAoM ke jisa athAha sAgara meM phaMsA hai usase nikalane ke lie AcArya zrI tulasI ke aNuvrata Andolana kI naukA kAma A sakatI hai / Aja bhogavAdI cetanA ke bhaMvara jAla meM phaMsA manuSya jitanA ubaranA cAhatA hai utanA hI adhika phaMsatA jAtA hai / manuSya padArtha meM jakar3A hai, vaha padArtha ko hI saba kucha samajha baiThA hai / AcAryazrI tulasI ne ThIka kahA hai ki bhogavAdI cetanA padArthAbhimukha hotI hai- adhikAdhika padArthoM kA utpAdana, For Private.& Personal Use Only

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islAma kI rozanI meM aNuvrata Andolana 179 saMgraha aura upbhog| isI dharatI para phalatI-phUlatI hai bhogavAdI saMskRti / padArtha kA bhoga eka bAta hai aura padArtha ko hI saba kucha mAna lenA eka bAta hai / eka samaya thA, taba manuSya ke jIvana kA AdhAra thA sNym| vaha bahuta thor3e sAdhanoM se apanA kAma calA letA thaa| saMyama kA siddhAMta gauNa huaa| AvazyakatAoM kA vistAra huA / AkAMkSAoM kA jAla bichA / upabhogya padArthoM meM vRddhi huI / manuSya kI bhogavAdI cetanA vahIM bhaTaka gii| use padArtha kI pakar3a se mukta hone kA maukA nahIM milaa| bhogavAdI cetanA ne padArthoM ko bar3hAyA aura padArthoM ne cetanA ko bAMdha liyaa| cetanA kI tejasvitA kama ho gaI / bhogavAdI mUlya pratiSThita ho ge|' AcAryazrI tulasI eka sampradAya yA paMtha ke saMghAdhIza hokara bhI sAmpradAyika bhAvanA se sarvathA Upara uThe hue haiN| unhoMne sampradAya va dharma kI carcA karate hue eka sthAna para likhA hai ki kucha vyakti sampradAya ko vyartha mAna baiThe haiM, use dhArmika logoM kI lar3AI kA hathiyAra samajhate haiM, vaha hiMsA kA sAdhana hai / ekAntataH aisA mAnanA bhI bhUla bharA cintana hai / sampradAya bhI bahuta kAma kA hai, yadi usake sAtha sAmpradAyika abhiniveza na judd'e| manuSya khule AkAza meM raha nahIM sakatA, isalie apane sira para chata banAtA hai / dhArmika AsthAeM bhI binA kisI AdhAra ke Tika nahIM paatiiN| isalie manuSya sampradAya ke sahAre para khar3e rahate haiN| kintu jahAM bhI sampradAyavAda kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai samasyAoM kA strota khula jAtA hai|' AcAryavara kA sampradAya se jarUra sambandha hai lekina use unhoMne 'vAda' nahIM banane diyA, isalie vaha sahiSNutA, maitrI aura anuzAsana kI bhittiyoM para acaMcala, aTala khar3A hai himAlayavata aura usase phUTa rahI hai saMyama kI, mAnavadharma kI gaMgAjamanA / aNuvrata kA darzana naitikatA kI AdhArazilA para pratiSThita hai| sukhasuvidhA kI cAha ko badalanA aNuvrata hai| Aja anaitikatA kA sAmrAjya caturdiza prasarita hai| na kahIM saMyama hai, na niyaMtraNa hai| aparAdhava tti yA hiMsAtmaka rujahAna para kisI kA koI niyaMtraNa nahIM / saMyama yA niyaMtraNa hogA to kahIM bhraSTAcAra nahIM phailegA / hamAre samAja aura deza kI vartamAna socanIya, ciMtanIya dazA ko dekhate hue aNuvrata kI hama saba ke lie anivAryatA hai, isase vimukha honA apane Apa se vimukha honA hai, mAnavamUlyoM kA tiraskAra karanA hai, mAnava-dharma ko ThukarAnA hai| Aja hamArA samAja dharma se nahIM, rAjanIti se AkrAnta hai aura rAjanIti bhI vaha jo svArthabaddha hai| jahAM sva para hI hamezA dRSTi rahatI hai, manuSya svakendriya hokara raha jAtA hai| aisI 1. prekSAdhyAna, (disambara) '90) pR0 5 2. prekSAdhyAna, (julAI '90) pR0 5

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180 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM rAjanIti meM koI zatru-mitra nahIM hotA, saba kAraNavaza mitra aura zatru banate na kazcid kasyacid mitraM, na kazcid kasyacid ripuH / kAraNAdeva jayante, mitrANi ripavastathA / / (mahAbhArata) mAnava ko pazu se prathak karane vAlA guNa dharma hI hai, nahIM to manuSya aura pazu meM cAra bAteM samAna haiM-a.hAra, nidrA, bhaya aura maithuna / jisa vyakti meM dharma nahIM, vaha pazuvata hai-dharmaNahInA: pazubhi samAnA: (hitopdesh)| jaina saMskRti meM mAnavadharma ko paribhASita karanA ho to kaheMge-kSamA, mArdava, Arjava, satya, zauca aura saMyama mAnavadharma haiN| jaina dharma kI jIvaMta mUrti AcAryazrI tulasI kA aNuvrata ina sabhI dharmAMgoM ko apane meM samAhita kiye hue hai / jahAM sahiSNutA hogI vahAM krodhAveza nahIM hogA, maitrI hogii| mArdava meM ahaMkAra kA tirobhAva hotA hai| nirahaMkArI manuSya meM hI dUsare ko sammAna dene kI, ekatA va samAnatA kI bhAvanA hogii| Arjava meM chalakapaTa nahIM hotA, kisI ke sAtha avizvAsa nahIM kiyA jAtA, cIjoM meM milAvaTa nahIM kI jaatii| sadA hitakara priya vacana bolanA, sabake sAtha dayA aura hamadardI bharA vyavahAra karanA satya hai| yahIM samasta prANijagat ke hita-sampAdana kA bhAva paidA hotA hai / prakRti aura saMskRti ke saMrakSaNa ke saMskAra AvibhUta hote haiM / zauca meM jIvana-surakSA kA bhAva bharA hai| samAja, rASTra, prAkRtikasampadA ke saMrakSaNa kA pATha manuSya zauca dvArA hI sIkhatA hai| anAvazyaka yA parimANa se adhika vastuoM kA saMgraha samAja ke lie kaThinAiyAM paidA karane vAlA hotA hai / saMyama ko to jaina dharma kA pramukha AdhAra mAnA gayA hai / saMyama dharma kA pAlana karate hue manuSya samAja viruddha , deza viruddha , saMskRti viruddha , prakRti viruddha kArya nahIM kara sktaa| usa manuSya ko saMskRta manuSya nahIM kahA jA sakatA jisameM mAnavatA nahIM, mAnavIya guNa nahIM, mAnava-dharma nahIM / aNuvrata Andolana rASTra ko, samAja ko, manuSya ko saMskRta karane vAlA jIvaMta aura arthavattApUrNa sakriya Andolana hai| binA aNuvrata kA AMcala pakar3e hama vyakti sudhAra, samAja vikAsa aura rASTronnati ke mArga para nahIM cala sakate / manuSya meM AtmanirbharatA aura svAbalambana-vikAsa aNuvrata dvArA saralatA se kiyA jA sakatA hai| caritra ko dharma mAnA gayA hai aura jo dharma hai vaha sAmya hai / aisA zAstra kahate haiN| sAmya, moha-kSobha rahita AtmA kA bhAva hai| manuSya meM cAritradharma kA Aloka vikIrNa karane vAlA Andolana 1. cArittaM khalu dhammo, dhammo jo smottinnichittttho| mohakkhovihINo pariNAmoM appaNo aghaNoha smo|| (pravacanasAra, 17)

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islAma kI rozanI meM aNuvrata Andolana aNuvrata nAma se abhihita kiyA jAtA hai / aNuvrata Andolana manuSya meM bhautika, mAnasika, naitika aura AdhyAtmika zakti kA vikAsa sopAna hai| isameM manuSya, kuTumba, samAja, rASTra, saMpUrNa mAnavajAti ke abhyutthAna kA saMbala nihita hai| AcAryazrI tulasI manuSya banAne vAle mUrtikAra haiM, kalAkAra haiN| ve kaThinAiyoM para vijayadhvaja phaharAne vAle jyotidhara sainika haiN| aNuvrata unakI udyogazAlA hai| yahAM mAnava kI racanA kI jAtI hai, aise mAnava kI jo mAnavatA se ApUrNa ho, jisameM AtmotthAna ke sAtha samAja, deza aura rASTra ke utthAna kI balavatI lAlasA ho / AcAryazrI tulasI AdhyAtmika saMta haiM para camatkArI nhiiN| vaha mahAna manISI haiM para ahaMkArI nhiiN| ve mahAn cintaka haiM lekina citita nhiiN| ve krAntikArI haiM magara rAjyAdhikArI nahIM haiN| ve terApaMtha ke adhiSThAtA haiM lekina svacchaMdavRtti ke nahIM haiN| sarvAdhikArI hote hue bhI ve nirmama, kaThora nahIM, anuzAsita haiN| kamalavat sadaiva khile rahate haiN| unheM anuzAsana tathA maryAdA se prema hai| ve maryAdApuruSa haiM / terApaMtha kI eka mahAn upalabdhi haiM / deza kI akSaya sampatti haiN| terApaMtha kA mahAn AcArya hokara bhI unameM sAmpradAyika saMkIrNatA kA lezamAtra nhiiN| unakA aNuvrata anAgrahI vicAradhArA ko lekara calatA hai / vaha dharma kI zAzvatatA ko lekara calatA hai / mahAvIra ne sampradAyavihIna, vargavihIna, dharma kA pracAra kiyaa| yuvAcArya mahAprajJa ne ThIka kahA hai, 'saMpradAya burA nahIM, burI hai sAmpradAyikatA, sAmpradAyika kaTTaratA / sAmpradAyika kaTTaratA acchI nahIM hai|' mahAvIra ne jisa dharma kA pratipAdana kiyA usameM sAmpradAyika kaTTaratA ke lie koI sthAna nahIM hai| sAmpradAyika kaTTaratA na ho isakA Adisvara mahAvIra vANI meM khojA sakatA hai / unhoMne jina zAzvata satyoM kA pratipAdana kiyA ve Aja bhI hamAre lie anukaraNIya bane hue haiN| Aja cAroM ora saMkIrNa sAmpradAyikatA kA bolabAlA hai| saba apane matAgraha meM AkaMTha DUbe haiM, dUsare ke guNoM kI ora nihArane kI phurasata hI nahIM hai / matAMdhatA yA ahaMkAradaSTi sabhI ko-hamAre zAzvata mUlyoM ko lIla jAne ke lie tatpara hai| mahAvIra ne zAzvata dharma kA mUlabhAva sAmane rakhate hue kahA--kisI prANI kI hatyA mata karo-"savve pANA na hNtvvaa''| hama manuSya kA khUna karate nahIM ddrte| kisI ke ghara, dukAna ko Aga lagAte nahIM socate ki yaha hamArI hI taraha kA kisI kA ghara hai, dukAna hai, kArakhAnA hai| hiMsAtmaka krUra bhAvanA ne hAla hI meM na jAne kitanI jAne lo haiN| kitane hI mAsUma baccoM kA prANAMta kiyA hai, unheM calatI Trena se pheMkA gayA hai, kahIM golI kA 1. astitva aura ahiMsA-yuvAcArya mahAprajJa, pR0 119

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1820 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM nizAnA banAyA gayA hai| manuSya ke ina kAle karatUtoM ko dekhakara vajravata prANa bhI karuNArdra ho jAte haiM, karuNA se pighala jAte haiN| isa prakAra ke amAnavIya, rAkSaso durvyavahAra para mAnavatA na jAne kaba taka sira dhunakara pachatAtI rhegii| hama yaha kyoM nahIM samajhate ki mandira masjida eka hI pUjAgRha ke do nAma haiN| saba meM eka hI AdhyAtmika jyoti vidyamAna hai-- . usake pharoge-husna se jhalake haiM saba meM nUra, zamme-e harama ho yA dIyA somanAtha kaa| gurunAnaka ne bhI kahA hai ki jitane manuSya haiM unameM eka khudA kA nUra bharA huA hai / vaha manuSya se kahate haiM ki tU Izvara kI jyoti svarUpa hai, apane ko pahacAna ____mana tU joti sarUpa hai apanA mUla pachAna / eka aura sthAna para gurunAnakajI kahate haiM ki vaha vyakti mahAn hai jo saca ko apanA vrata mAnatA hai| jJAna-dhyAna meM snAna kara apane ko pavitra rakhatA hai / dayA ko apanA iSTa mAnatA hai aura kSamA ko japa karane kI mAlA samajhatA hai saca vrata saMtokhI tIrtha jJAna dhyAna isanAna, dayA devatA khimA japamAlI te mANasa pradhAna / AcAryazrI tulasI kA aNuvrata bhI kSamA, dayA, satya kI triveNI meM snAna karAne vAlA hai / usameM zAzvata dharma kA, mAnava-dharma kA samyak, pratipAdana huA hai / jaba hama islAma dharma ke pariprekSya meM AcAryazrI tulasI ke ma nava-dharma ke pracAraka aguvrata ko dekhate haiM to vahAM bhI hameM atyadhika sAmya parilakSita hotA hai| kurAna zarIpha meM kahA gayA hai ki tuma eka-dUsare para jiyAdatI (atyAcAra) na karo, logoM meM sulaha karAo, nyAya se kAma lo, khudA insApha karane vAloM ko pasaMda karatA hai / tuma eka -dUsare kI khillI mata ur3Ao, na kisI ko tAnA mAro, na apanAma se pukaaro| (sUra : hujurAta) aura jamIna meM phasAda mata phailAoM (al-eraaph)| yahAM sAmpradAyika daMgoM ko rokane kI tAkIda kI gaI hai aura lar3Ane ke bajAya melajola, bhAIcArA bar3hAne para bala diyA hai / ahaMkAra aura takabbura ko qhudA ne pasaMda nahIM kiyaa| eka sthAna para spaSTa zabdoM meM ullekha hai-logoM ko acche kAmoM, satkarmoM kI nasIhata diyA karo aura bure kAmoM, duSkarmoM se dUra rahane kA mazavarA diyA kro| jamIna para itarAkara, ahaMkAra meM bhara kara mata calo, apanI cAla ko, etadAla para rakho, apanI AvAja bhI pasta rakho yAnI UMcI AvAja meM mata bolo| (sUra : lukamAna) allAha acche kAma karane vAloM ko pasaMda karate haiM,

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islAma ko rozanI meM aNuvrata Andolana 183 unheM pyAra karate haiM (al-bkr)| AcAryazrI tulasI kA aNuvrata Andolana islAma kI rozanI meM kharA utaratA hai / kurAna meM 'jakAta' 'sadakA' dene kI bAta kahI gaI hai aura yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki jaba taulo to barAbara taulo, cIjoM meM milAvaTa na kro| yaha kurAnAdeza aparigraha kA hI pratirUpa hai| AcAryazrI tulasI ne jisa rUpa meM aNuvrata dvArA mAnava-dharma kI pratiSThApanA kI hai vaha hama sabake lie grAhya hai, anukaraNIya hai|

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Adhunika mAnasikatA aNugata aura jIvana-mUlya Aja yuvA mAnasikatA ko eka nayI dizA-dRSTi dene kI AvazyakatA hai| yuvAvarga meM hara kAma karane kI pUrNa sAmarthya hai| vaha kucha sImA taka dharmavimukha dikhAI par3atA hai| usakA uttaradAyitva usa para jitanA hai utanA hI usake abhibhAvakoM tathA saMrakSakoM para hai / hama kahate haiM Aja kI yuvApIr3hI apane bar3oM kA samAdAra nahIM karatI, unakI mAna-pratiSThA nahIM rkhtii| maiM kahatA hUM mAna-pratiSThA, Adara-sammAna ko chor3ie, isase koI khAsa pharka nahIM pdd'taa| lekina dekhanA yaha hai ki hamArA yuvAvarga kitanA AjJAkArI hai| mAna se adhika AjJApAlana para dhyAna diijie| yadi vaha AjJAkArI nahIM to khoTa usakA nahIM, usake mAtA-pitA kA hai, abhibhAvakoM kA hai / unhoMne use kitanA saMskArI banAyA yA ve svayaM kitane saMskArI haiM isa bAta para gaura kIjie to samasyA kA sIdhA-sA samAdhAna Apako svayaM hI mila jaaegaa| apane ko TaTolakara dekhie / zAyada apane andara hI khoTa, doSa, kamI najara aae| AcArya tulasIjI eka sAdhAraNa vyaktitva ke dhanI haiN| unhoMne apane pauruSa se, sanniSThA se vaha kArya kiyA hai jo rAjatantra bhI nahIM kara sakatA, sarakAra ke bUte kA bhI nahIM aisA saMvyApaka suvyavasthita aura prabhAvazAlI kAryakrama calAnA / sarakAra kI yojanAeM to kAgaja kAle adhika karatI haiN| janasAdhAraNa taka una yojanAoM kA lAbha kama hI pahuMcatA hai| dillI jaise mahAnagara meM haije ke prakopa ne pUrI sarakAra ko hilAkara rakha diyA aura svayaM hamAre pradhAnamaMtrI zrI rAjIva gAMdhI ko usa mahAmArI grasta kSetroM kI durdazA ko apanI AMkhoM se dekhanA pdd'aa| kitanI pIr3A huI hogI unheM yaha zAyada kama loga hI soca sake hoNge| AcArya tulasIjI terApantha ke pradhAna haiM aura AcArya bhikSu ke pazcAt eka adbhuta karmayogI, lokanAyaka terApantha ko milA hai / unhoMne sakala bhArata kI padayAtrA karake nayA kIrtimAna sthApita kiyA aura eka nayA Andolana deza meM calAyA jise saba 'aNuvrata Andolana' ke nAma se jAnate-pahacAnate haiN| yaha Andolana vigata lagabha cAlIsa varSoM se cala rahA hai| dekhane se to aisA lagatA hai jaise yaha mahAvIra nirdiSTa aNuvrata/mahAvrata se (ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya, aparigraha) hI saMbaMdhita hai aura eka dhArmika tathA sAmpradAyika Andolana ho, parantu aisI bAta bilakula nahIM hai / yaha Andolana na dhArmika hai aura na sAmpradAyika hai| yaha dharma aura sampradAya kI taMga, saMkIrNa bhAvanAoM ko tor3akara pUrNarUpa se mAnavIya

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Adhunika mAnasikatA, aNuvrata aura jIvana-mUlya AMdolana hai / mAnavIya mUlyoM kA saMrakSaka aura parivardhaka hai yaha aNuvrata Andolana / aguvrata-anuzAstA AcArya tulasI jI rASTrIya santa haiM / unake sAmane saba manuSya samAna haiM / jaina darzana ke anusAra astitva kI apekSA se sArA vizva eka hai aura jaina dharma-darzana ke aNuvrata ke purodhA AcArya tulasI jI kahate haiM-"eka rASTra meM aneka prAnta hote haiN| eka prAnta meM aneka dharma hote haiN| eka dharma meM aneka jAti ke logoM kI a.sthA hotI hai / eka jAti meM aneka vyakti hote haiM aura eka vyakti ke aneka vicAra hote haiN| kyA isa anekatA ke AdhAra para vyakti, vyavasAya, jAti, dharma, prAnta yA rASTra ko bAMTA jAtA hai ? jahAM kahIM baMTavAre kI sthiti AtI hai, ekatA khaMDita ho jAtI hai| manuSya jAti eka hai, isa siddhAnta kI svIkRti ke bAda kisI ko mAranA, satAnA, kaSTa pahuMcAnA, tiraskRta karanA kyA svayaM ko mArane, satAne, kaSTa pahuMcAne aura tiraSkRta karane kA prayatna nahIM hai ? aisA udArahRdaya santa bhalA sampradAya kI saMkIrNa sImA meM kahIM bandha sakatA hai ? usane jaba dekhA ki nava vadhU ko daheja ke lobha meM usake sasurAla vAle nRzaMsata, nirdayatA se jindA Aga meM jalA dete haiM to unakA kSubdha honA svAbhAvika thaa| jaina dharma ke, mahAvIra ke anuyAyI bhI aisI ghora hiMsA karate haiM, una prANimAtra se prema karane vAle santa ko kitanI AtmapIr3A pahuMcI hogii| unhoMne jaba dekhA ki hamArI sAmAjika mAnyatAeM TUTa rahI haiM, parivAra TUTa rahe haiM, rizte-nAte TUTa rahe haiM, sambandhoM meM nirantara darAra par3atI jA rahI hai| vyakti meM prema-sneha, mamatA-sahAnubhUti ke madhura dhAge TUTate jA rahe haiM to vaha kaise parAMgamukha rahate, ina sabakI upekSA karate / Akhira eka vivekazIla dharma guru ke rUpa meM unakA kucha dAyitva to thA ki ina burAiyoM, kurItiyoM ko naSTa karane kA bIr3A uThAte aura rasAtalonmukhI samAja ko Upara uThAne kA prayatna karate / yahAM unake sAmane jaina loga nahIM the, sabhI jAtiyoM, sampradAyoM ke loga the| aura sabhI ke rogoM kurItiyoM, kuprathAoM kA nidAna vaha karanA cAhate the| unhoMne dekhA ki hiMsA dinoMdina bar3hatI jA rahI hai / manuSya IrSyA-dveSa kI agni meM na svayaM jala rahA hai, varan sabhI manuSyoM ko, sakala mAnavajAti ko bhasma kara rahA hai / usakA naitika patana ho rahA hai| zuddha cIjoM ko, khAdya-padArthoM ko 'milAvaTa karake becatA hai| zuddha na iMjekzana hai, na davA / bhogavAdI saMskRti ne sabakA vinAza kara diyA hai| unhoMne kahA hai bhArata kyA, Aja to vizva kI samasta saMskRti meM hI naitika mUlyoM kA hrAsa ho rahA hai / mUlyoM kA yaha saMkaTa jitanA saghana hotA jA rahA hai, usake kAraNoM ko khojane kI apekSA utanI hI bar3ha rahI hai| kAraNoM ko miTAe binA mUlyoM kI samasyA kA samAdhAna khojanA kaThina hI nahIM, asaMbhava-sA pratIta hotA hai / " aba dekhanA hai ki naitika patana ke kAraNa kyA hai ? naitika patana ke aneka kAraNa haiM jisameM

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186 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM sabase bar3A kAraNa AcAryazrI ne 'dRSTikoNa kA viparyAsa' mAnA hai / dRSTikoNa ke viparyAsa se matalaba hai mukhya aura gauNa meM koI bheda na rakhanA; aura yaha gauNa ko mukhya tathA mukhya ko gauNa samajhanA / dUsare zabdoM meM mahatvapUrNa ko ThukarAnA aura jo mahatvahIna hai use aMgIkAra karanA / ' isa dRSTibhrama ke kAraNa vyakti ke nijI jIvana meM samAja aura deza meM jo visaMgatiyAM panapI haiM, ve kisI se ajJAta nahIM / ' terApantha ke mahAna manISI yuvAcArya mahAprajJa naitikatA kA sambandha mAnasikatA se jor3ate hue kahA hai ki naitikatA kI samasyA mUlataH mAnasika samasyA hai| mAnasikatA badalatI hai, AdamI naitika bana jAtA hai / mAnasikatA acchI nahIM hotI hai to AdamI anaitika bana jAtA hai / anaitikatA kA sambandha jitanA mAnasikatA se hai utanA bhautikatA se yA padArtha se nahIM hai / aNuvrata Andolana eka prakAra kA naitika Andolana hai jo manuSya kI mAnasikatA ko badalanA cAhatA hai, use rAherAsta para lAnA cAhatA hai, kumArga se haTAkara sanmArga para lAnA cAhatA hai / dRSTikoNa ke viparyAsa ko samyak banAnA cAhatA hai / bhArata ke lie vrata kI avadhAraNA koI naI bAta nahIM / hamAre yahAM vrata-saMskAra prAcInakAla se vidyamAna haiM / vaidika yuga ho yA mahAvIra evaM bauddha-yuga ho, sabhI jagaha vratoM ke anupAlana kA Adeza milatA hai / aNuvrata zabda jainAgama kA zabda hai / isakA artha hai aNu - choTA, vrata= saMkalpa choTA vrata yA saMkalpa | jainAgamAnusAra zramaNa ko pUrNarUpeNa vratoM kA pAlana karanA par3atA hai aura una vratoM ko 'mahAvrata' kahA jAtA hai / lekina sAdhAraNa manuSya yA zrAvaka zramaNa - sAdhu kI bhAMti sAmAjika pArivArika dAyitvoM se vimukta nahIM hotA, ataH vaha ina vratoM kA pUrNarUpeNa paripAlana nahIM kara sakatA / vaha AMzika rUpa meM hI inakA pAlana kara pAtA hai / choTI sImA taka hI usakI bisAta hai / ataeva ina vratoM ko 'aNuvrata' kA abhidhAna diyA gayA hai / hama kaha sakate haiM ki aNuvrata eka prakAra kA saMkalpa hai jo manuSya apane cAritrika vikAsa ke uddezya se grahaNa karatA hai, yAnI aNuvrata kA pramukha prayojana hai caritra - vikAsa, Atma-vikAsa, Atmonnati / burAiyoM se chuTakArA pAnA, caritra ko, mana ko svastha, pariSkRta va susaMskRta banAnA aNuvratoM kA khAsa makasada hai / phira manuSya kI sakala samasyAoM kA nidAna ho sakatA, samAja - rASTra sukha-zAnti prApta kara sakate haiN| yaha eka racanAtmaka sAmAjika Andolana hai / samAja kI svastha saMracanA ke lie aNuvratoM ke mArga para calanA parama zreyaskara hai / Aja hamArA jIvana vaiyaktikatA ke ghere meM simaTatA jA rahA hai / sAmAjikatA lupta hotI jA rahI hai / zatumurge kI bhAMti vyakti sabase vimukha ho ekAMta meM muMha chipAe khoTA kharA karatA rahatA hai, eka-dUsare se koI samparka nahIM / par3osI se koI sambandha nahIM / na kisI

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Adhunika mAnasikatA, aNuvrata aura jIvana-mUlya 187 ke duHkha-darda meM koI zarIka hotA hai na koI kisI kI sahAyatA karane ke lie insAniyata kA naitika dharma nibhAtA hai| saMyamahInatA itanI bar3ha gaI hai ki AtaMka-hiMsA-bhraSTAcAra se jIvana ko koI kSetra khAlI nhiiN| hamAre rASTra netAoM ke viSaya meM bhraSTAcAra kI khabareM janasAdhAraNa taka pahuMca rahI haiM / jaba cAhe koI netA kisI kI hatyA karA de, jaba cAhe usake mila-kArakhAne meM Aga lagavA de| udhara raMgabheda kama nahIM huA, bar3hatA jA rahA hai| hama aphrIkA meM raMga-bheda kI bAta U. N. O. taka meM uThAte haiM, lekina apane garebAna meM muMha DAlakara kabhI nahIM dekhate / ki yahAM naslI bhedabhAva kitanA hai, aspRzyatA kitanI hai / sarakAra ne kAnUna banAyA aspRzyatAM ke nivAraNa ke lie aura kisI ke sAtha chUta-achUta kA vyavahAra karanA daNDanIya aparAdha mAnA gayA hai| lekina achUta samajhI jAne vAlI jAtiyoM ke logoM ko, unake parivAroM ko kisa nirmamatA se pIr3ita kiyA jAtA hai, unheM mauta ke ghATa utArA jAtA hai yaha kisI se chipA nhiiN| 'jahAnAbAda' kA golIkAMDa isakA tAjA udAharaNa hai| dUsarI ora isake sAtha sAmpradAyika daMgoM kI kAlI karatUtoM se hamArA mAthA abhI taka kalaMkita hai / kahAM hama 21 vIM zatAbdI meM kampyUTara ke sahAre pahuMcane kI bAta karate haiM aura kahAM eka manuSya dUsare manuSya kI gardana kATa rahA hai, usake peTa meM churA ghopa rahA hai| insAniyata jaisI koI cIja hI dikhAI nahIM detii| jaba cAhe daMgA khar3A karake raktapAta kara diijie| koI Tokane vAlA nhiiN| udhara Arthika dRSTikoNa ne hiMsA, zoSaNa, atyAcAra ke jaise saba purAne rikArDa tor3a die| daheja ke kama milane para navavadhuoM ko Aga kI lapaToM meM dhakela diyA jAtA hai| sarakAra ne isake viruddha bhI kAnUna pAsa kiyA hai, para aparAdha nahIM ruka sake / Aja bhI samAcAra-patroM meM daheja ke dAnava dvArA lIlatI jA rahI haiM sukumAra komAlAMgI yuvatiyAM ! kahAM gayA bhArata kA vaha AdhyAtmika svarUpa, usakI vaha naitika garimA jisane santoM-sUphiyoM, mahApuruSoM ke rUpa meM hameM nayA jIvana sandeza diyaa| Aja bhI mahApuruSoM kI kamI nahIM, lekina hama unake kahe para kAna kahAM dharate haiM ? unakI vANI ko thor3I dera dharmasabhA meM baiThakara sunate haiM, phira vahAM se nikalakara apanI usakI anaitika, bhrapTa, insAniyata se girI svArtha-moha-lobha se aMdhI pravRtti ke anusAra kukRtiyoM meM phaMsa jAte haiN| svArtha -moha-lobha kA aMdhamArga pApa kI ora jAtA hai, ise jAnakara bhI usI para calate haiM jaise kuttA haDDI cabAte hue apane muMha se risate khUna ko cATate hue haDDI ko chor3anA pasanda nahIM karata / hameM mAnasikatA ko badalanA hogA, viveka aura AsthA kA mArga apanAnA hogA, naitika AcaraNa ko vyavahAra meM lAnA hogA aura isake lie aNuvrata Andolana meM sahabhAgI banakara jIvanamUlyoM kA saMrakSaNa karanA hogA, unheM pallavita karanA hogaa| aNuvrata se jur3e

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188 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM jo jIvana-mUlya haiM una para amala karanA hogaa| __ manuSya ko, samAja ko usakI vartamAna jIvana-mUlyoM se vihIna sthiti se ubArane ke lie Avazyaka hai ki hama sacce dila se, svecchA se maidAnekAraz2Ara meM AeM aura svayaM sukhI, maMgalamaya jIvana kA prasaMga-pracAra kareM isake lie ina ina jIvana mUlyoM kI gulAbI dhUpa ghara-AMgana meM utAreM (1) bhautikatA aura AdhyAtmikatA meM saMtulana bnaanaa| (2) sAmpradAyika sadbhAva ko, sahiSNutA ko vikasita karanA / (3) mAnava-ekatA ko, samAnatA ko bar3hAvA denA / (4) prAMta, bhASA ke bhedabhAva ko samApta krnaa| (5) AtaMka, bhaya, hiMsA, zoSaNa se samAja ko mukta karanA / (6) mana kI, AtmA kI zuddhatA para jora denaa| IrSyA-dveSa se Upara uThakara naitika mUlyoM kA anusaraNa karanA / (7) zAkAhAra kA svecchA se niyamita rUpa meM vyavahAra pracAra-prasAra karanA / (8) saMyama kA jIvana jiinaa| (9) bhoga-saMgraha kI vRtti kA parityAga krnaa| (10) saha-astitva kI bhAvanA kA hara kSetra meM vikAsa karanA / dasa sUtrI jIvana mUlyoM se pUrNa aguvrata Andolana ko yadi hama gaharAI se dekheM to isameM koI samasyA nahIM, koI dharma nhiiN| ina jIvana mUlyoM meM aNuvrata kI bhAvanAoM ko hI paribhASita kiyA gayA hai| hama dekhate haiM ki bhArata meM jagaha-jagaha hiMsAeM aura hatyAeM hotI rahatI haiN| ina hiMsAoM ko, hatyAoM ko rokane ke lie manuSya ke vicAroM meM parivartana lAnA hogA, usakI mAnasikatA ko, bhAvanA ko badalanA hogA, use saMyamI aura sahiSNa banAnA hogaa| AcAryazrI tulasI ne kahA hai-"ahiMsA kA sambandha kisI jIva ke mArane yA na mArane ke sAtha nahIM hai / jIva mare yA jIvita rahe, manuSya kI pravRtti asaMyata hai| vaha to nizcaya naya ke anusAra hiMsA kI anivAryatA hai / pramAda hiMsA hai, asaMyama hiMsA hai, Agraha hiMsA hai, asahiSNutA hiMsA hai, aura durbhAvanA hiMsA hai| isakA artha yaha hai ki "abhivyakti se pahale manuSya ke vicAroM meM hiMsA utaratI hai| inhIM vicAroM ko Aja badalane kI apekSA hai| Aja kA arthataMtra, sattAtaMtra hiMsA para calatA hai, dharma para nhiiN| dharma hI ahiMsA hai| hiMsA ko hiMsA se miTAyA nahIM jA sakatA hai| hiMsA ko miTAne ke lie saMyama kA, sahiSNutA kA, sadbhAvanA kA, naitikatA kA, AsthA aura viveka kA pallA pakar3anA hogA / aNuvrata anuzAstA kA yaha kahanA sarvathA ucita hai ki "Aja kI sabase bar3I trAsadI hai cAritrika mUlyoM ke prati anaasthaa| eka pIr3hI kI

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Adhunika mAnasikatA, aguvrata aura jIvana-mUlya 189. anAsthA Ane vAlI kaI pIr3hiyoM meM saMbhrAMta ho jAtI hai / isI prakAra AsthA kA bhI saMkramaNa hotA hai / merA yaha nizcita vizvAsa hai ki jisa dina caritra kI AsthA saMkramaNazIla ho jAegI, caritrahInatA aura mUlyahInatA kI khokhalI dIvAreM bharabharA kara gira pdd'eNgii|" Aja hameM saMbhalakara AgA-pIchA dekhakara calane kI jarUrata hai| Aja kA AdamI pAnI kI caTTAna para baiThA hai, usake DUbane kI saMbhAvanA sannikaTa hai / use hameM pAnI kI isa caTTAna se uThAnA hogA, eka Thosa patthara kI caTTAna para biThAnA hogA / usakI mAnasikatA ko bhI badalane kI bar3I jarUrata haiM, varanA vaha koI galata kadama uThAkara mAnavajAti ke vinAza kA kAraNa bhI bana sakatA hai, usake kie kI sajA phira na jAne kaba taka bhoganI par3egI / vaha jaba bhI dekhA hai tArIkha kI najaroM ne / lamhe ne rakhatA kI thI, sadiyoM ne sajA pAI //

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aNuvrata AndAlana aura vizva zAnti amuvrata Andolana jIvana-mUlyoM kA pravaktA hai| usakA kArya-kSetra dezakAla kA atikramaNa kara bhArata se bAhara vizva ke anya dezoM meM phaila sakatA hai| use Aja ke saMdarbha meM jitanA upayogI, lAbhAnvita karane vAlA pAte haiM Ane vAle kala ke saMdarbha meM bhI usako utanA hI upayogI aura sabako lAbhAnvita karane vAlA paayeNge| usake mUlya zAzvata haiM; ve sArvabhaumika arthavattA liye haiN| usakA kSetra sImita nahIM vyApaka aura vistRta hai| vaha Andolana kisI vizeSa sampradAya yA dharma se jur3A huA nahIM, vaha mAnava dharma se jur3A hai, mAnava-sampradAya se jur3A hai| Aja vizva kA vAtAvaraNa tanAvagrasta hai, hiMsonmukha hai, pratidvandvatA se grasta hai, ahaM kI tuSTi meM DUbA anya ko heya dekhatA hai / dUsaroM ko mAra kara---Arthika, rAjanItika, dhArmika, sAMskRtika dRSTi se parAbhUta karake hara deza apanA varcasva dikhAnA cAhatA hai, apanA prabhutva jamAnA cAhatA hai; cAhe aparokSa rUpa meM hI shii| samAja meM sahI mAnadaNDoM kA vikAsa ho, mAnavadharma kA pracAra ho, bhAvanAtmaka ekatA kA adhikAdhika vikAsa ho, sAmpradAyika sadbhAva bar3he, saha-astitva tathA sahanazIlatA ko vyApaka AyAma mile yaha aNuvrata Andolana cAhatA hai / aNuvrata Andolana yaha bhI cAhatA hai ki saMsAra bhayamukta ho, satyaniSTha bane saMyama-zakti kA, sAdhanoM kI zuddhatA kA samucita vikAsa ho| __ aNuvrata Andolana ko antarrASTrIya AyAma dene kI jarUrata hai| hama usake chatanAravRkSa ko itanA AcaraNa kA pAnI deM ki usakI zAkhAeM dUra-dUra taka phaileM aura mAnava ke jhulasate-tapate zarIra ko zItalatA pradAna kare, pazupakSiyoM ko bhI vahAM zaraNa mile, jIva-jantu vahAM nirbhaya vihAra kara skeN| hamArA bigar3atA mAhaula zuddha aura pavitra ho, na kevala jala-vAyu hI zuddha ho balki mana bhI zuddha ho| hama kitane prakAra ke pradUSaNoM se AkrAnta haiN| galIkUce, nagara-mahAnagara hI pradUSita nahIM usameM rahane vAle manuSya bhI pradUSita haiN| vRkSAropaNa kara mAhaula ko zuddha banAyA jA sakatA hai, saphAI-abhiyAna calAkara, Traiphika vIka manAkara vAtAvaraNa ko kucha sApha kiyA jA sakatA hai| parantu aisA kauna-sA upAya hai jisase hamArA mAhaula na bigar3e, vaha pAkasApha aura saMtulita rahe, 'ikolojikala imbeleMsa' kA prazna hI utpanna na ho| vizva meM bhaya, tanAva, hiMsA, AtaMka na rhe| eka deza meM AtaMka hai to dUsare deza ko usameM ghasITA jAtA hai ki par3osI deza unake yahAM AtaMka

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aNuvrata Andolana aura vizva-zAnti 191 phailAtA hai yA AtaMkavAdiyoM ko zaraNa detA hai, prazikSaNa detA hai| eka deza bhArI astra-zastra jamA karatA hai, aNubama banAtA hai to dUsarA usase pIche nahIM rahanA caahtaa| yaha saba mAnava-saMhAra ke lakSaNa nahIM to aura kyA hai ? zastrIkaraNa ke pIche jo bhAva hai vaha apanI surakSA se adhika dUsare ko hanana karane kA rahatA hai / aba kyA koI aisA upAya hai, aisA sAdhana hai, aisI AcArasaMhitA hai jisake bala para saMsAra ko yuddha-bhaya-AtaMka se mukta kiyA jAye aura sabhI dezoM meM sadbhAva paidA ho, maitrI bhAva janma le, mAnavIya ekatA ke rAste para cale ? isake lie aguvrata kA rAstA apanAnA zreyaskara hai usameM na matAgraha hai, na koI dharmAgraha hai aura na sAmpradAyikatA hai, na dezajAti kI sImita paridhi meM use bAMdhA jA sakatA hai| arabI-ajamI, gorAkAlA, hindu-musalamAna, isrAilo-philistInI, rUsI-amarIkI, cInIjApAnI, pAkistAnI, hindustAnI, iMgalistAnI-dakSiNa aphrIkI koI vyakti bhI-koI deza bhI inako apane lie nirdezaka tattva ke rUpa meM svIkAra kara sakatA hai| hama aNuvrata Andolana ko vizva ke buddhijIviyoM ke sAmane rakha sakate haiM, vizva-netAoM tathA vizva ke dharma-guruoM ke sAmane rakha sakate haiM / inameM jIvanamUlyoM ko apanAne kA vinamra nivedana hai, mAnavIya mUlyoM ko jIvana meM utArane kI vinatI hai / - jaba hama asvastha hote haiM to sArA zarIra vyAkula-pIr3ita ho jAtA hai usa samaya usakI pIr3A se usake AtmIya jana bhI saMpIr3ita ho uThate haiM, vyAkula ho jAte haiM aura usake upacAra kA sAdhana juTAte haiN| pUrA parivAra ati ciMtita aura parezAna ho uThatA hai to bhalA jaba hamArA samAja asvastha ho, deza asvastha ho, vizva asvastha ho to sabhI ko use svastha rakhane kA dAyitva nibhAnA hai / mahAmArI kA prakopa ho yA bhayAnaka bAr3ha ho yA bhUcAla se tabAhI ho athavA akasmAt vimAna durghaTanA meM aneka logoM kI jIvanalIlA samApta ho gaI ho to mAnavatA kAMpa uThatI hai| kyoM ? isalie ki usameM abhI kahIM karuNA chipI hai; varanA manuSya nara-saMhAra karane meM apanA sAnI nahIM, vaira-krodha ke pradarzana meM vaha pazuoM se bhI Age nikala jAtA hai| aguvrata Andolana manuSya meM manuSyatA kA saMcAra karatA hai, use mAnavIya guNoM kA upahAra detA hai, usameM ahiMsA, saMyama, sahiSNutA ke bIja prAMkurita karatA hai / yuvAcArya mahAprajJa ne ThIka kahA hai ki ahiMsA kI sAdhanA samAja ke saMdarbha meM honI cAhie, vaiyaktika yA naizcayika ahiMsA AtmotthAna meM sahAyaka hogI jabaki vyAvahArika yA sAmAjika ahiMsA samAja ke, jAti ke, rASTra ke, vizva ke utthAna meM sahAyaka hogI / ahiMsA ko samAja se, deza se, mAnava jAti se jor3ane kI apekSA hai| isakI saMprApti kA mArga vicAroM meM, bhAvoM meM, AcaraNa meM, vyavahAra meM parivartana karanA hogaa| dukhoM kI varSA

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192 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM se sukha kI phasala nahIM lahalahA sakatI / asahAyoM kI sahAyatA hI sukha kA mUlamaMtra hai|" isa dharmasaMdeza meM kisI varga yA sampradAya kA saMdeza nahIM, mAnava-jAti ke lie yaha eka saMdeza hai / yaha vahI saMdeza hai jo AcArya tulasI paidala calakara jana-jana ko dete haiN| unake sAmane manuSya hotA hai, na hindu hotA hai na musalamAna, na jaina hotA hai na ajaina aura na brAhmaNa hotA hai, na zUdra hotA hai| Aja aNubamoM se palaka jhapakate hI vizva ko tabAha kiyA jA sakatA hai| hirozimA, nAgAsAkI kI narasaMhAraka nRzaMsya ghaTanAeM phira ghaTa sakatI hai| lar3AI bar3I AsAnI se zurU kI jA sakatI hai, lekina lar3AI rokanA bahuta kaThina hotA hai / hama jaba zatru ko mArakara vijayamada meM jhUmate haiM to usa samaya vaha pAzavikatA kA pradarzana hotA hai| hama apane kAma, krodha, IrSyA-dveSa, hiMsA, lobha, mada, ahaMkAra ko nahIM mArate unheM mAreM to mahAna vijayI ho sakate haiN| mahAvIra manuSya ko lar3ane se, hiMsA se rokanA cAhate haiM-"ai manuSya ! yadi tumheM lar3ane meM rasa milatA hai, to maiM kahatA hUM, tuma avazya lar3o, taba apanI antarAtmA se, kAma, krodha, moha, lobha-rUpI Atma-zatruoM ko parAsta kara do| isI meM tumhArA hita hai| bAharI lar3AiyoM se tumhArA jIvana kabhI sukhI nahIM ho sktaa|" Aja hama bAharI lar3AiyAM hI to hara morce para lar3a rahe haiM, isIlie dukhI haiM, bhayAkula haiM, AtaMkita haiM / hiMsA AtaMka kahAM se upajate haiM ? jaba manuSya ke hRdaya se karuNA ke, maitrI ke, samatva ke, saMyama ke srota sUkha jAte haiN| mahAvIra ne to saMyama ko hI ahiMsA mAnA hai-"niyuNaM diTThA savvabhUesu sNjmo|" jaba hama ahiMsA kI, sahaastitva kI bAta karate haiM to saMyama kA hI anupAlana karate haiN| jaba hama saha-astitva kI bhAvanA svIkArate haiM to isakA artha yaha hai ki hama dUsare ke svatva ko svIkArate haiN| saha-astitva vahAM lupta ho jAtA hai jahAM eka deza yA rASTra, eka jAti yA samAja dUsare deza ke, dUsarI jAti ke astitva ko usake svatva ko nirmUla karanA cAhatA hai| aNuvrata to mahAvIra kI vANI ko AcaraNa meM utArakara use vizva-stara para prasthApita karanA cAhatA hai| yahIM se saha-astitva ke sAtha mAnavIya ekatA ke jharane phUTeMge, zAnti ke sumana khileMge, mitratA ke pakSI kalarava kareMge / hama jitanA adhika udAra, sahanazIla baneMge utanA hI hamArA samAja sukha-zAntimaya jIvana bitAyegA / AcArya vinobAbhAve kI vANI sadbhAva kI, udAratA kI vANI thii| unhoMne kahA thA-"saba dharmoM ke viSaya meM udAra bhAvanA rakho, jo saccA mAtRbhakta hai vaha sabhI mAtAoM ko pUjya mAnemA / vaha apanI mAtA kI sevA karegA lekina dUsare kI mAtA kA apamAna nahIM kregaa| hara eka apanI mAM ke dUdha para palatA hai / dharma mAtA ke samAna hai| mujhe merI dharmamAtA priya hai| maiM mAtR

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aNuvrata Andolana aura vizva-zAnti 193 pUjaka hUM, isalie maiM dUsare kI mAtA kI nindA haragija nahIM kruuNgaa|" aNuvrata ke mAdhyama se AcArya tulasI sabhI dharmoM ke prati sammAna kI bhAvanA vyakta karate haiM tabhI to dakSiNa bhArata kI yAtrA karate samaya AcArya tulasI ke pravacana se prabhAvita hokara eka musalamAna ne kahA ki Apa to kuAna' kI bAta hI kaha rahe haiN| aura jaba vaha haidarAbAda eka maMdira meM gaye to spaSTa ghoSaNA kI-'bhAratIya saMskRti, itihAsa aura kalA ke pratIka ye maMdira manuSya ko saMskRti kA mUlya sikhAte haiN| mUrtipUjA meM merA vizvAsa nahIM, phira bhI maiM maMdira kA Alocaka nahIM huuN| nindAtmaka AlocanA ko maiM hiMsA mAnatA huuN| apane vizvAsa ko balapUrvaka kisI dUsare para thopane kA prayAsa karanA bhI hiMsA hai| hiMsAtmaka bhAvanA se Upara uThakara mAnavIya ekatA ko puSTa karanA eka bar3A kAma hai|" AcAryapravara zrI tulasI kA aNuvrata Andolana mAnavIya ekatA kI saMpuSTi kA Andolana hai| yaha mAnavatA kI pratiSThA ko surakSita karane kA Andolana hai / isa Andolana ke AdhAra para manuSya ko jIvana ke aise sUtroM kA jJAna karAyA jA sakatA hai jinakA sArvabhaumika mahattva hai aura jo Aja ke azAnta, bhaya-vikrAnta, AtaMkavAdagrasta, vinAzonmukha vizva ko zAnti kI Dagara para lA sakatA hai| saha-astitva kI rozanI dikhalA sakatA hai| mAnavIya ekatA kI bhAvadhArA jana-mana meM pravAhita karA sakatA hai|

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yuvAcArya mahAprajJa kI zikSA-viSayaka dRSTi merA phakra behatara hai sikandarI se, yaha AdamagarI hai, vo AInA sAjI / -ikabAla AcArya tulasI Adamagara haiM, AInAsAja nhiiN| unhoMne pacAsa hajAra se adhika ki. mI. kI padayAtrA karake jo dharma kI ahiMsA-satya-asteyabrahmacarya-aparigraha kI jaladhArA bahAI vaha anantakAla taka bahatI rhegii| unhoMne apane jJAnadIpaka se jo nayA dIpaka jalAyA vaha yuvAcArya mahAprajJa haiM / aisA lagatA hai jaise AcArya tulasI dineza haiM aura yuvAcArya unase Aloka prApta karane vAle rAkeza haiM / dineza hai to rAkeza bhI hogA hI, jaise dina hai to rAta bhI hogI hii| yuvAcArya aura tulasI kA avinAbhAva sambandha hai| maiM samajhatA hUM yaha AcAryazrI ke jIvana kI eka mahAn upalabdhi hai aura terApaMtha ko eka apUrva dena hai| hajarata nijAmuddIna auliyA (1243-1325) ne eka bAra kahA thA ki jaba khudA mujhase yaha pUchegA ki mere lie kyA lAyA, to kahUMgA amIra khusaro ko lAyA huuN| amIra khusaro unake sarvAdhika priya ziSya the, binA unase mile hajarata ko caina nahIM par3atA / hajarata ne yahAM taka kaha diyA thA ki yadi khudA ijAjata detA to maiM yaha cAhatA ki merI kabra meM amIra khusaro ko daphana kiyA jAe, aura Aja amIra khusaro unakI kabra meM to daphana nahIM lekina unake caraNoM meM avazya daphana haiM / jaisA sambandha nijAmauddIna auliyA aura amIra khusaro kA thA vaisA hI sambandha AcArya tulasI aura yuvAcArya kA hai / yuvAcArya ke liye AcArya tulasI 'jJAnadIpaka' haiM, sneha-mamatAmaya guru, preraNA kA ajasra srota haiM / isa mahAna guru kI mahimA kabIra ke ina zabdoM dvArA vyaMjita kI jA sakatI hai sataguru ki mahimA ananta, ananta kiyA upakAra / locana ananta ughADiyA, ananta dikhAvanahAra / / niHsvArtha tathA nizchala hone para hI ziSya guru kI kRpA tathA jJAnajyoti prApta kara sakatA hai / sUphI kavi jAyasI ne ThIka kahA hai celA siddhi so pAvai, guru sauM karai acheda / guru karai jo kiripA, pAvai celA bheda / /

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vAcArya mahAprajJa kI zikSA-viSayaka dRSTi 195 kavivara dariyA ne sadguru ko saMsAra sAgara, kA saMtaraNa karane vAlA karNadhAra mAnA hai / sukRta piremahi hitu karahu, sata bohita patavAra / khevaTa sataguru jJAna hai, utari jAva bhI pAra // AcArya tulasI aise hI kevaTa haiM jo janagaNa ko saMsAra se mukti prApta karAne ke lie jIvana- bohita ko khe rahe haiM / aisA sadaguru jise prApta ho jAe to use aura kyA cAhie ! yuvAcArya jo haiM vaha inhIM sadgurU kA prasAda hai / natthU se 'nathamala' aura phira 'yuvAcArya' va 'mahAprajJa' banane vAlA bhI koI sAdhAraNa ziSya nahIM, vaha jJAna kA bhUkhA aura parama vinamra tathA gurusamarpita ziSya rahA hai / saccA sAdhaka hai / gItA meM jo upadeza arjuna ko kRSNa bhagavAn ne diyA sarvadharmAna parityajya mAmekaM zaraNaM vraja / ahaM tvA sarvapApebhyo mokSayiSyAmi mA zucaH // gItA 18,66 use sAkArita karane vAle haiM yuvAcArya - arthAt ve pUrNataH guru ko samarpita haiM / yuvAcArya kA ciMtana bahuAyAmI hai / vaha jisa viSaya ko chUte haiM usakA vivecana sUkSmatA se tathA vibhinna pahaluoM ko sAmane rakhakara karate haiM aura eka hala, eka samAdhAna bindu para pahuMcate haiM / unhoMne apanI do pustakoM meM 'jIvana-vijJAna' kA eka maulika cintana prastuta kiyA jo atyanta prAsaMgika tathA vyAvahArika hai / ina pustakoM meM unhoMne vartamAna zikSA ko nayA rUpa dene ke lie kucha vicAra rakhe haiM / ye vicAra dharma kI paridhi paramparA se sarvathA mukta haiM / ve eka dharma-AsthA ko samarpita haiM avazya, lekina unake dimAga kI khir3akiyAM hamezA khulI rahatI haiM tAki unase bAhara kI jJAna - samIra milatI rahe / Adhunika zikSA meM samaya ke badalane ke samaya paristhiti, pariveza ke anusAra parivartana bhI AnA caahie| unakA kahanA hai Aja zikSA vastu niSTha bana kara raha gaI hai, use svaniSTha banAyA jAe, caritraniSTha banAyA jAe / pustakIya jJAna se chAtroM kA naitika vikAsa nahIM ho sakatA / zikSA ekAMgI na ho, sampUrNa ho / jahAM itihAsa, bhUgola, arthazAstra, manovijJAna, samAjazAstra, bAyolojI, boTenI, phijiksa, rAjanItizAstra Adi kI zikSA dI jAtI hai vahAM jIvana - vijJAna kI zikSA bhulA dI jAtI hai / jIvana-vijJAna kI zikSA siddhAMta tathA prayoga donoM pakSoM ke AdhAra para dI jAnI cAhie / pIniyala, thAyarAiDa, picyuTarI Adi granthiyAM hamAre caritra ko banAtI bigAr3atI haiM / pIniyala granthi bAlakAla meM sakriya rahakara jIvana ko zuddhapavitra banAtI hai lekina vyakti ke bar3A hone ke sAtha usakA hrAsa hone lagatA

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adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM hai / zivira lagAkara prayoga dvArA antaHsrAva vAlI granthiyoM ko punaH sakriya kiyA jA sakatA hai / bAlaka kA nAr3Itantra aura graMthitaMtra donoM kA saMtulita rahanA Avazyaka hai| do prakAra kI zikSA--bauddhika vikAsa kI zikSA aura dharmazAstra kI zikSA donoM ekAMgI haiM, jIvana ke eka-eka pakSa ko hI udghATita karatI haiN| yuvAcArya ne usa dharma ko nirbala samajhA hai jo vijJAnamaya vAtAvaraNa meM apanA svarUpa-astitva kAyama na rakha sake / Aja AvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai ki hama zikSA ko vaijJAnika saMbala pradAna kareM, phira cAhe vaha viSayagata zikSA ho yA dharmagata zikSA ho, hamArI yuvA pIr3hI ke lie kAragara siddha hogii| vijJAna ke bar3hate prabhAva ko hama roka nahIM sakate, use mor3a avazya de sakate haiN| yuvA pIr3hI vaijJAnika cetanA-sampanna hogI to vaha 21 vIM sadI meM pUrNa AtmavizvAsa se praveza kregii| vidyArthI ko saMtulita saMvegoM vAlA banAnA hogA, tabhI usake vyaktitva kA pUrNa vikAsa hogA--phijikala, meMTala tathA imozanala tInoM kA vikAsa anivArya hai, tabhI jAkara chAtroM kA samyak aura saMpUrNa vikAsa hogA / yuvAcArya ke mata meM sarvAMgINa vikAsa ke lie cAra bAtoM para dhyAna denA hogA-(1) zarIra (2) mana (3) buddhi (4) bhAva / hamArI zikSA saMsthAoM meM buddhi ke vikAsa para atyadhika bala diyA jAtA hai, zeSa bAteM ko bahudhA upekSita kiyA jAtA hai| saMvegoM ke pariSkAra para yA bhAvAtmaka vikAsa para dhyAna nahIM diyA jaataa| yuvAcArya ne kahA-saMvegoM ke parimArjana ke lie jIvana-mUlyoM ke paribodha tathA prayoga para dhyAna denA Avazyaka hai| bodhadRSTi ke sAtha prayogAtmaka dRSTi bhI rahanI cAhie / binA prAyogika dRSTi se Adarza yA mUlya prabhAvahIna hote haiM / unhoMne yaha mAnA hai ki pIniyala glaiNDa kA pariSkAra jyotikendra haiyahAM vijJAna aura adhyAtma donoM dRSTiyAM mila sakatI haiN| saMvegoM ke pariSkAra se tana-mana donoM svastha rahate haiN| vidyArthI ke svabhAva ko raMga bhI bahuta prabhAvita karate haiM, yaha eka manovaijJAnika satya hai / nIle raMga se vidyArthI kI uddaNDatA kama ho jAtI hai / nIlA, pIlA, gulAbI raMga saMvegoM kA pariSkAra kara sakate haiN| vyakti para vidhAyaka tattva kA prabhAva acchA par3atA hai| yadi usake sAtha niSedhAtmaka vyavahAra kareMge to usameM virodha uttejanA utpanna hogii| hama prayogoM kI ora dhyAna nahIM dete aura zikSA meM, vidyArthI meM, usake dRSTikoNa tathA vyaktitva meM parivartana lAnA cAhate haiM to kabhI saphalatA nahIM milegii| dharma ke dvArA bhI koI parivartana taba taka sambhava nahIM jaba taka dhyAna, abhyAsa prayoga na ho| zikSA abhyAsAtmaka honI caahie| vartamAna zikSA hameM likhanA-par3hanA sikhAtI hai, sAkSara banAtI hai, lekina vaha hameM zikSita kama banAtI hai| zikSA sAdhya nahIM hai, sAdhana hai| zikSA vidyArthI meM yadi svatantra cintana, svataMtra nirNaya kA bodha nahIM jagA pAtI to use saphala

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yuvAcArya mahAprajJa kI zikSA-viSayaka dRSTi 197 nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / zikSA vidyArthI meM jimmedArI tathA anuzAsana kA jJAna nahIM karAtI to vaha sArthaka nahIM kahI jA sakatI / zikSA dvArA basIrata, jyoti, dRSTi prApta na ho to usa zikSA ko sArazIla nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| yuvAcArya kA vicAra hai ki zikSA badalane se samAja-vyavasthA badala sakatI hai / samAja-vyavasthA ko hama zikSA meM dekha sakate haiN| "zikSA bimba hai aura samAja usakA pratibimba / zikSA kA tantra yadi muhAsoM se bharA hai to samAja vaisA hI banegA, samAja ko svaccha nahIM banAyA jA sktaa|" zikSA kA uddezya unhoMne 'AtmAnuzAsana' mAnA hai| AtmAnuzAsana ke lie mana, vicAra, buddhi, zarIra sabhI prakAra kI zaktiyoM ko saMtulita karanA hai / vidyArthI ke zarIra yA buddhi ko mana yA vicAra ko pariSkRta karane ke lie jIvana-vijJAna kI AvazyakatA par3atI hai| jIvana-vijJAna dvArA jaivika saMtulana banAnA hai, kSamatA kI AsthA jAgRta karanA hai, dRSTikoNa, bhAvanA aura vyavahAra ko pariSkRta karanA hai / vidyArthI ke pAsa na samyakabhAva hai na samyakjJAna hai, na samyak vyavahAra hai| jIvana-vijJAna dvArA sampUrNa zikSA dI jA sakatI hai--zarIra, mana, vANI kI zikSA dI jA sakatI hai| yuvAcArya ne sahI kahA hai ki zikSA aneka viSayoM kI dI jAtI hai "para mana ko zikSita karane kA koI upakrama nahIM AyA" yaha hamArI zikSA-paddhati kA bar3A doSa hai| mana ko zikSita karanA vyakti ko sahI arthoM meM zikSita karanA hai / dhyAna jovana-vijJAna kA hI eka rUpa hai| sahiSNutA bhI jIvana-vijJAna kI sImA meM hai| yadi hama zikSA dvArA caritra kA vikAsa nahIM kara sakate, vyakti ko saMyamI nahIM banA sakate, yA usameM sahanazIlatA vikasita nahIM kara sakate, use anuzAsanapriya nahIM banA sakate to aisI zikSA adhUrI hai| yuvAcArya ne svatantra dRSTi ke vikAsa ko bhI Avazyaka mAnA hai aura svatantra dRSTi ke lie yA svatantra vyaktitva ke vikAsa ke lie prANazakti, antardRSTi, anuzAsana tathA niyaMtraNa ina sabhI kA vikAsa karanA hogA / hama jIvana meM saMgharSarata rahakara hI prANazakti kA vikAsa kara sakate haiM aura zakti acche kAryoM meM lage yaha hogA antardRSTi ke vikAsa ke dvArA / antadRSTi kA kSetra mana aura buddhi se kAphI Age kA kSetra hai| yuvAcArya kI dRSTi meM jIvanavijJAna soddezya aura abhyAsamaya zikSA-paddhati hai, prANAyAma, zvAsa-prekSA, anuprekSA Adi isI ke antargata prayoga haiN| jIvana-vijJAna se jo lAbha ajita ho sakate haiM ve yaha haiM : (1) pustaka-jJAna ke sAtha acche jIvana kI kalA ko sIkha liyA jAtA hai| (2) sva-saMvegoM para niyantra karanA A jAtA hai| (3) abhyAsoM ke dvArA rAsAyanika saMtulana sthApita ho jAtA hai|

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198 adhyAtma ke paripArzva meM (4) nizchala aura maitrIpUrNa vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai / (5) mAdaka aura nazAvara vastuoM ke sevana se chuTakArA milatA hai / hamAre yuvA varga ko aisI zikSA paddhati kI yA aise jIvana - vijJAna kI ati AvazyakatA hai / vidyArthI varga jisa mAnasika tanAva meM jItA hai yA mAdaka dravyoM ke sevana meM pralipta hai, use tanAva se, mAdaka dravyoM se chuTakArA dilAnA bahuta bar3A dAyitva hai, jo jIvana vijJAna kI zikSA dvArA pUrA kiyA jA sakatA hai / yaha hama sabakI naitika jimmedArI hai / kahA jAtA hai Aja kI zikSA naitikatA se zUnya hai, vaha vidyArthI ke vyaktitva meM naitikatA kA vikAsa nahIM karatI / naitika zikSA yA mUlyaparaka zikSA kA artha samAna hai| naitika zikSA yA mUlyaparaka zikSA ke lie Avazyaka hai ki vyakti ko svAvalambI, Atmanirbhara tathA karttavyaparAyaNa banAyA jAe / yaha sAmAjika stara para kiyA jA sakatA hai / kartavyaniSThA hogI to kaSTa - sahiSNutA bhI AyegI / kaSTa sahiSNutA Aja ke chAtra meM atyalpa hai, vaha suvidhA premI hai ! chAtra ko dharmanirapekSa banAnA hogA, usameM sampradAya ke Agraha ko kama karanA hogA / jaba apane sampradAya ke prati vyakti meM Agraha hotA hai to vaha dUsaroM ke matoM ke prati sahiSNutA nahIM bana pAtA, matAgrahI banA rahatA hai sadA / sahiSNutApUrvaka dUsare ke mata ko sunegA, dRSTi ko samajhane-jAnane kA prayatna karegA to usameM mAnavatA kI bhAvanA paidA hogI, mAnava ekatA kA vicAra utpanna hogA / vaha dhairyavAna banegA, usameM mAnasika saMtulana AegA aura sAtha meM karuNA, sahAnubhUti, saha-astitva kI bhAva-dhArAeM bhI usakI hRdaya gaMgA se pravAhita hoNgii| isake pazcAt usameM AdhyAtmika mUlyoM kA bhI udaya hogA / vaha nirbhaya hogA, anAsakta hogA / usameM AtmAnuzAsana kI bhAvanA jAgRta hogI / yuvAcArya ne apane jIvanavijJAna kI abhivyaMjanA Adhunika zikSA ko sAmane rakhakara kI hai / isa vicAra yA dRSTikoNa meM aNuvrata Andolana kAphI sahayoga de sakatA hai / prekSA dhyAna ke prayoga se bhI vidyArthiyoM ke vyaktitva kA sarvAMgINa vikAsa saMbhava hogA / AvazyakatA prayoga karane kI hai, zikSA ko nayA mor3a dene kI hai / yuvAcArya zikSA dvArA vyakti ko sahI arthoM meM mAnava, insAna banAnA cAhate haiM / zikSA Adamagara ho AInAsAja na ho| Aja kI zikSA anAsAja hI adhika hai, vaha Adamagara nahIM bana sakI / 3

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lekhaka kI kRtiyAM - svAtaMtryottara mahAkAvya (zodha prabandha) dillii| - gadya cayanikA, aagraa| - hindI adaba meM musalamAnoM kA hissA (urdU meM), shriingr| - jinendra mahAvIra (rAmapura) - ikabAla-kAvya aura darzana (dillI) - bhAratIya saMskRti kI gaMgA--"mAnasa" (kAnapura) anuvAda-urdU se hindI meM 1.islAma kA saMdeza 2. yUsupha husaina khAM 3. haz2arata nijAmuddIna auliyA 4. hasarata mohAnI samprati : bAlainI-250626, meraTha (yU0 pI0)

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DaoN0 nijAmauddIna sthAna janma : janavarI 1933 : bAlainI (meraTha) zaikSaNika yogyatA : - meraTha kaoNleja, meraTha se 1957 meM ema.e. (hindI) - pI.eca.DI. 1968 meM jammU-kazmIra vizvavidyAlaya, shriingr| kAryakSetra :28 varSoM taka kazmIra ghATI meM hindI-adhyApana kiyaa| kaoNleja meM vibhAgAdhyakSa rhe| ahindI bhASI prAnta meM rahakara / vizeSa : kazmIra reDiyo zrInagara se hindI meM kAryakrama zurU karAye-- kavi-goSThI, vArtAyeM, bAtacIta, praznottarI Adi / puraskAra sammAna : - mAnasa saMgama, kAnapura (u0 pra0) - a0bhA0 hindI sAhitya pariSad, mertth| - jammU-kazmIra rAjya bhASA pracAra samiti, jmmuu| - a0 bhA0 nibandha pratiyogitA, mahAvIra parinirvANotsava para hisAra, dillI, meraTha--prathama purskaar| - mahAvIra para vyAkhyAna--indaura, rAmapura, udayapura, alavara Adi / jainadarzana, paryAvaraNa, ahiMsA para seminAroM meM bhAga-- dillI, bhilAI, bambaI, satanA, alavara, udayapura, vaaraannsii| Sameeducation intormational Pavale a Personal use only, www eliorat