Jinavani

Author(s): Harisatya Bhattacharya, Sushil, Gopinath Gupt
Publisher: Charitra Smarak Granthmala
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/010383/1

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bhI cAritra smAraka graMthamAlA : granthAGka-49 jinavANI [ tulanAtmaka darzana-vicAra] ommenemameriremurrenes mUla likhake DaoN. zrI rikhatyu bhaTTAcArya ema.pa.. yo ela.. pIeca. DI. gujarAtI anuvAdaka , zrI suzIla hindI anuvAdaka vaidya zrI gopInAtha gupta 'nidarzana' (bhUmikA) lekhaka : paNDita zrI sukhalAlajI prakAzaka zrI cAritra smAraka graMthamAlA ahamadAbAda

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prakAzaka va prAptisthAna, zrI cAritra smAraka prathamAlAke lie zrI. cadulAla lakhumAI parIkha mAMDavIkI polameM nAgajIbhUdharakI pola ahamadAbAda (gujarAta) prathama saMskaraNa cIrani. saM. 2478 ka.cA.34 vi. sa 2008 i. sa. 1952 mUlya : aDhAI rupayA mudraka govidalAla nagazIbhAI zAha zAradA mudraNAlaya pAnakoranAkA: ahamadAvAda

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Ayanni khaNaddhaM pi, thiraM te karaMti aNurAyaM / parasamayA tahavi maNaM, tuha samayannRNaM na haraMti // - RSabhapaMcAzikA, 39 / (he jinadeva ! ) AdhI kSaNake liye sune hue bhI auraki ( anya dharmiyoMke ) Agama tere Uparake anurAgako sthira karate haiM / aura isa liye jo tere siddhAntako jAnate hai unake cittako ve (aura ke Agama) AkarSita nahIM kara sakate / .

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viSayAnukrama prakAzakIya nivedana : 6 / sakSepameM : zrIsuzIla : 8 do zabda zrIgopI nAthajI gupta : 12 nidarzana zrI pa. sukhalAlajI : 13 1 bhAratIya darzanoM meM jaina darzanakA sthAna : 3 2 jaina dRSTise Izvara : 27 3 jaina darzanameM karmavAda : 61 4 jaina vijJAna vijJAna-jaDa vijJAna, citA, abhinivodha : 90 zrutajJAna labdhi, bhAvanA, upayoga, naya : 93 naigama, sagraha, vyavahAra, aAjusUtra : 94 zabda, samamisTa, evabhUta : 95 syAdvAda dravya dharma, adharma AkAza, kAla :81 * 82 jIva prANavidyA, AtmavidyA, cetanA : 84 upayoga, darzana : 85 zAna, mati, (zuddha) mati 86 avagraha, IhA .87 bhavAya, dhAraNA, smRti : 88 sajJA dravya, guNa, paryAya : 99 bhavadhi, mana paryava, kevalajJAna : 100 jIva, bhajIva, Ayava : 101 badha, savara, nirjarA : 102 mokSa, mokSamArga, samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna : 103 samyak cAritra, upasahAra : 104 5 jIva : 106 6 jIva-2 : 130 'eka prakArake jIva : 132 do prakArake jIva : 134 tIna prakArake jIva : 137 cAra prakArake jIva : 138

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* bhagavAn pArdanAya : 155 / karmako sthiti : 230 9 mahAmeghavAhana mahArAjA karmakA anubhAga : 232 sAravela : 185 karmakA pradezavandha : 233 9 khAravelake zilAlekhakA karmake mAdhava-kAraNa : 233 karmakA vipAka : 239 mApAnuvAda (zrI. pa. sukhalAlajI kRta) : 204 11 jaina darzanameM dharma aura adharmatatta : 244 1. jainoMkA karmavAda (2) : 210 / dharma : 24 kamakI prakRti : 211 / adharma : 254 1 zrIcAritra smAraka granthamAlAke kucha upayogI grantha zvetAmbara-digambara-donoM phirakoMkA mataikya darasAte zAstrapAThIkA saMgraha va unakA pramANabhUta avalokana / mUnya-deDha rupyaa| dharmavindu-dharmake mUla vicAroMkA spaSTIkaraNa karanevAlA sUtrAtmaka grantha va usakA vivecana / mUlya-cAra rupyaa| jaina paraMparAno itihAsa-bha. mahAvIrasvAmIse vi. saM. 1000 takakA jaina zramaNa-paraMparA, rAjA-mahArAjA, maMtrImahAmaMtrI, zrAvaka-zrAvikA, gaNa-gaccha, tIrtha-mahAtIrtha, zAstrasAhitya AdikA zRMkhalAbaddha itihAsa / (chapa rahA hai) zrIcAritra smAraka granthamAlA Thi zrI. candulAla lakhumAI parIkha mAMDavIko polameM nAjIgabhUdharakI pola, ahamadAbAda (gujarAta)

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prakAzakIya nivedana zrI cAritra smAraka granthamAlAne itaH pUrva prAkRta, saMskRta, hindI va gujarAtI bhASAoMke aneka grantha prakAzita kiye hai aura janatAkI sevAmeM nAnA prakArakA sAhitya peza kiyA hai / bahuta arasese hamArI yaha kAmanA thI ki, jaina-jainetara jijJAsuoMke hAthameM rakkhA jA sake aisA jainadharma - jaina darzana - viSaya eka hindI grantha prakAzita kiyA jAya / isa ' jinavANI ' granthako prakaTa karate hue, hamArI dIrghakAlIna usa kAmanAko saphala hotI dekhakara hama ati harSa va saMtopakA anubhava karate haiN| zrImAn DaoN. harisatya bhaTTAcAryajI ema. e., bI. ela., pIeca. DI. jaina sAhityake gahare jJAtA hai / unhoMne baMgalA yA aMgrejI bhASAmeM jainadharma viSayaka choTe baDe aneka lekha - nibaMdha likhe haiM / unameMse cune hue kucha baMgalA ThekhokA gujarAtI anuvAda jainoMke lokapriya lekhaka zrImAn suzIlabhAI (zrI. bhImajIbhAI harajIvanadAsa parIkha ) ne karake 'jinavANI' nAmaka granthameM saMgRhIta kiye the / yaha grantha usI ' jinavANI 'kA zabdazaH hindI bhASAntara hai| ahamadAbAda nivAsI zrImAn zeTha khemacanda premacanda modIkI saMpUrNa Arthika sahAyatAse unakI svargastha dharmapatnI zrImatI maNitrahinake smaraNArtha yaha pustaka prakAzita kI gaI hai, isa liye hama unake bahuta RNI haiN| sAkSararatna zrIyuta suzIlabhAIne isakA hindI anuvAda karavAnekI hameM anumati dA hai aura sAtha hI aise anya lekha gujarAtI va hindImeM

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NE 56 14 sva. zrImatI maNibahena gvemacaMda modI hAjApaTelanI poLamA * sArAkuvAnI poLa amadAvAda avasAna 28 okaTobara 1950 janma: 8 oNgasTa 189

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prakAzita karanekI utsAhapUrNa sUcanA kI hai| uMjhA phArmasIke mAlika zrImAn bhogIlAlabhAI nagInadAsajIne hildaurIvAle vaidya gopInAthajI guptake pAsa svayaM prakAzita karaneke hetuse taiyAra karavAyA huA yaha anuvAda hameM saharSa prakAzanArtha diyA hai| isa anuvAdakA gujarAtI pranthake AdhAra para zrI. ratilAla dIpacaMda desAIne saMzodhana kiyA hai| aura zAradA mudraNAlayane ise sucAru rUpameM mudrita kiyA hai - etadartha ina sabhIke hama RNI haiM evaM unhe dhanyavAda dete haiN| hindI bhASAbhASI janatA (aura rASTrabhASAkI dRSTise aba to sArA deza) isa granthake dvArA bhAratake eka vizuddha evaM gauravapUrNa darzanako pahicAne aura usake dvArA bhAratIya saMskRtikA darzana karake bhAratavarSakI naitika evaM AdhyAtmika pragatimeM agrasara hoM aisI abhilASA karate hue hama yaha grantha jisuoMke karakamaloMmeM peza karate hai| ahamadAbAda. caitra zukalA 1: vi.saM. 2008 -prakAzaka (zrIcAritra smAraka grNthmaalaa)|

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saMkSepameM[gujarAtI saMskaraNameM likhita bhUmikA} "jinavANI" nAmaka baMgalA mAsika patrase anuvAdita ye lekha yathAvakAza kramazaH gujarAtI mAsika patrameM prakAzita ho rahe the| -doHtIna lekha prakAzita honeke pazcAt UMjhA-nivAsI vaidyarAja nagInadAsa chaganalAla zAhakA dhyAna isa ora AkarSita huvA aura unhoMne sandezA bhejA " ye lekha pustakAkAra prakAzita ho to vidvAnoMke hAthameM saMgrahake rUpameM pahuMca ske|" -~~-saMkSepameM isa pustakakI yaha janmakathA hai / -ina lekhoke mUla lekhaka zrIyut harisatya bhaTTAcAryajI hai| ve jainazAstra-sAhityake pAraMgata honekA dAvA nahIM karate / unhoMne ye lekha jainazAstra-siddhAntoka abhyAsI honeke nAte hI likhe haiN| eka jainetarake yathAzakya sAvadhAnI rakhate hue bhI kvacit bhrama honA sambhava hai| ine lekhoMmeM kahIM aisA huvA hai yA nahIM yaha mai nahIM kaha sakatA / __ - zrI. bhaTTAcAryajIne jina granthoMkA adhyayana kiyA hai unake anusAra pAThabheda ho, yA ye lekha kaI varSa pahileke likhe huve honeke kAraNa inameM, abhI hAlahImeM jJAta honevAle aitihAsika vivaraNa na ho to yaha eka svAbhAvika bAta hai| --unheM jaina darzanameM kitanI zraddhA hai, kitanA mAna hai, yaha bAta to ina lekhoMkI eka eka paMkti kaha rahI hai| ~~-inakA tulanAtmaka adhyayana evaM dhArApravAhI lekhanazalIko dekhakara to kisI bhI jaina yA jainetarake hRdayameM inake liye sammAna utpanna huve vinA nahIM raha sktaa| mI hA lekha kaI varSa vayayana kiyA hai| ho to yaha

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--"jinavANI" mAsika patra dIrghAyu prApta na kara sakA, ata eva bhaTTAcAryajIke lekha bhI adhUre hI raha gae, yaha khedakI bAta hai| jainetara jijJAsu jaina darzanako kisa zraddhAkI dRSTise dekhate hai yaha bAta ina lekhoMse prakaTa hotI hai| -~-banArasa hindU yunivarsiTIkI jaina vyAsa pITha (ceara) ke adhyakSa zrImAn paMDita sukhalAlajIko kucha lekha saMzodhanakI dRSTi se dikhalA lie gae haiM, aura yatheSTa avakAza na hote huve bhI unhoMne ina lekhoMko par3hA aura nidarzana bhI likha bhejA hai| ___-zrI. paM. sukhalAlajI, pUjya munirAja darzanavijayajI, zrI. paM. bhagavAnadAsabhAI evaM zrI. hIrAcandrabhAIne parAmarza aura sUcanA dene tathA TippaNI Adi likhane evaM prUpha-saMzodhana AdimeM jo sahayoga diyA hai usake lie ina sajjanoMkA maiM antaHkaraNase AbhAra mAnatA huuN| -UMjhA-nivAsI vaidyarAja zrI. nagInadAsabhAIne pustaka prakAzanakI samasta vyavasthA kara dI aura mujhe protsAhita kiyaa| isake liye unakA bhI RNI huuN| isa pustakameM jo doSa raha gae hoM, unakI sUcanA jo sajana deMge unakA mai kRtajJa hUMgA, evaM yadi dUsarI AvRttikA zubhAvasara prApta hogA to una doSoMkI punarAvRtti nahIM hone duuNgaa| punava-- [hindI saMskaraNake avasara para] jisa samaya merA svAsthya acchA thA usa samaya Avazyaka sAhitya-pravRttike atirikta baMgalA lekhoMkA gujarAtI bhASAmeM anuvAda

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10 karanA yaha mere liye eka rasa aura zaukhakA kAma vana gayA thA / saubhAgyase baMgalA meM prakAzita hotI ' jinavANI' patrikA mere dekhane meM AI / usake cAra-pAMca aMka kisI taraha prApta kiye / mAnya zrI 1 harisatya bAbUke lekhoMne mujhe mugdha kiyaa| phira to 'jinavANI' ke ho sake utane aMka prApta karanekA yatna kiyA / baMgAlameM adhika paricaya evaM pahicAna na honeke kAraNa adhika aMka to prApta na hue, to bhI jitane prApta hue unake lekhoMkA anuvAda karake unheM ' jinavANI ' nAmaka grantharUpase prakAzita kiye| gujarAtI 'jinavANI ' kA acchA satkAra huA jAnakara mujhe khuzI huI / Aja gujarAtI ' jinavANI'kA hindI saMskaraNa prakaTa ho rahA hai, aura usameM mu. zrI. darzanavijayajI, va jJAnavijayajI (tripuTI) kI preraNA mukhya kAraNa hai, yaha mere liye saubhAgyakI bAta hai / hindI anuvAdako maiM sarasarI taura para dekha gayAhUM | hindI anuvAdakA sampAdana bahuta sundara huA hai yaha bAta pustakake dekhate hI kaha sakate hai / t yadi merA svAsthya ThIka hotA to aise sundara rUpameM prakAzita hote granthameM kucha aura naye anuvAdoko dAkhila karake ise adhika samRddha karanekI koziza karatA / zrI harisatya bAbUke atirikta zrI mahAmahopAdhyAya vidhuzekhara bAbU evaM zrI satIza bAbUke kitaneka lekhoMko anuvAdita karake diyA jAtA to una lekhoMkI zailI aura unameMkA masAlA pAThakagaNake liye AdaraNIya bana jaataa| Aja na sahI, do dinake pazcAt bhI baMgalA sAkSaroMke kitaneka lekha grantharUpase prakaTa karane yogya hai / bhAvanagara, tA. 3-3-52 - suzIla

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do zabda jaina siddhAntoMke tAttvika vivecana mAmbandhI grantha par3hanekI merI purAnI icchA isa pustakakA anuvAda karanese kisI hada taka pUrI huI hai, isake liye meM isa pustakake prakAzakoMkA kRtajJa huuN| mujhe jainadharmake kriyAkANDa aura siddhAntoMmeM vizvAsa ho yA na ho, parantu isa pustakake par3hanese meM yaha avazya samajha sakA hUM ki prAcIna jainAcArya kevala muktimArgAnveSI hI nahIM the apitu ve vaijJAnika bhI the| aura jaina darzanameM kaI siddhAnta aile haiM jo isa yugake vaijJAnika siddhAntoMse Takkara le sakate haiN| unameM kitanI satyatA hai yaha kahanA to mere adhikArake vAharakI bAta hai, parantu mujhe ve vaijJAnikoMke manana karane yogya avazya pratIta hote haiN| jo loga jaina nahIM haiM unheM jainadharmakA marma samajhAnemeM yaha pustaka, avazya sahAyaka hogii| hAM, jo loga dhArmika graMtha kevala khaMDanamaNDanakI dRTise hI par3hate haiM- jo dhArmika kriyAkANDa aura pUjana-yAjanakI vidhiko hI dharmasarvasva samajhate haiM - unheM zAyada nirAza honA pdd'e| ildaurI gopInAtha guptA

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nidarzana (lekhaka : paNDita zrI sukhalAlajI saMghavI) bujurgoMne rakhe huve nAma 'bhIma'ko gauNa karake svayaM apanA 'suzIla' nAma rakhane aura use guNaniSpanna siddha karanevAle bhAI suzIla vAcaka aura vicAraka jaina janatAse zAyada hI aparicita hai| bahuta varSa pUrva hama donoM kAzImeM eka sAtha bhI raha cuke hai| usake pazcAt bhI hamArA paricaya jArI rahA hai| bhAI suzIlane prastuta lekhoko par3hakara unake viSayameM kucha likhaneke liye jaba mujhase kahA to mujhe eka prakArase baDA Antarika saMtoSa prApta huvA; vaha yaha samajhakara ki, bhAI suzIlake hRdayameM merA sAdara sthAna honA cAhiye, aura yogya lekhakake samucita lekha paDhakara unake viSayameM kucha likhanekA avasara bhI mila rahA hai| isa santoSakI preraNAse maine kucha likhanA svIkAra kara liyaa| ye sava lekha pUrNataH dhyAnapUrvaka sunane para unakA mere hRdaya para jo prabhAva par3A hai vaha saMkSepataH yahAM vyakta kara rahA huuN| ina lekhoMke viSayameM kucha likhanese pUrva anuvAdaka aura mUla lekhakake viSayameM bhI kucha saMketarUpase likhanA ucita jJAta hotA hai| bhAI suzIla mUla baMgalA lekhoke anuvAdaka haiN| unakA baMgalA bhASA viSayaka jJAna kitanA dRDha hai, isa bAtakI jinheM aura tarahase khabara nahIM hai ve kevala ina lekhoMko par3hakara bhI ise bhalI bhAMti jAna skeNge| ina gujarAtI anuvAdoko paDhanevAleko yaha kalpanA to zAyada hI ho ki yaha anuvAda hai| isa saphalatAkA kAraNa kevala baMgalA bhASAkA yatheSTa jJAna hI nahIM hai| sirpha sampAdakIya lekhake

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13 I kAraNa bhI jo 'jaina ' patrako paDhate hai inheM yaha batalAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai ki bhAI suzIlakI gujarAtI bhASA evaM lekhanazailI sAdhAraNa aura apakva nahIM hai / baMgalA aura gujarAtI bhASAkA acchAsA paricaya rakhanevAle aura lekhanazakti - sampanna aneka bhAI aura kucha bahineM bho Aja gujarAtameM vidyamAna haiM, tathApi unameMse kisIne bhI ina lekhoMkA anuvAda kiyA hotA to vaha itanA saphala hotA, yA nahIM, isame mujhe bahuta sandeha hai / kyoMki, aise lekhakoMmeMse kisIko bhI jaina zAstrIya jJAnakA, bhAI suzIlake samAna spaSTa aura pakva paricaya ho aisA mai nahIM jAnatA / yahI kAraNa hai ki, bhAI suzIla apane anuvAda - kAryameM khUba saphala hue haiM / inakA anuvAdya lekhoMkA cunAva bhI jaina darzanake viziSTa abhyAsiyoMke dRSTikoNase samucita hai| kyoM ki, bahuta adhika adhyayana aura ciMtanake pazcAt parizramapUrvaka, navIna zailI se, eka jainetara baMgAlI sajjanakI lekhinIse likhe huve ye lekha jisa prakAra nava jijJAsu gujarAtI jagatake liye preraNA denevAle haiM, jisa prakAra ye lekha gujarAtI anuvAda - sAhitya meM eka viziSTa vRddhi karate hai evaM dArzanika ciMtana kSetrameM ucita parivarddhana karanevAle haiM, usI prakAra ye, mAtra upAzrayasaMtuSTa evaM suvidhAnimagna jaina tyAgIvargako vizAla dRSTi pradAna karanevAle evaM unake apane hI vistRta kartavyakI yAda dilAnevAle hai / prastuta lekhaka mUla lekhaka zrIyut harisatya bhaTTAcAryajIse bahuta varSa pahile, orIenTala kaoNnpharansake prathama adhivezana ke avasara para pUnAmeM bheMTa huI thii| usa samaya hI unake paricayase mere Upara yaha chApa par3I thI ki, eka baMgAlI aura vaha bhI jainetara sajjana hote hue bhI ve jaina

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14 sAhityameM jo ananya ruci rakhate haiM vaha navayugakI jijJAsAkA jIvita pramANa hai / unhoMne 'ratnAkarAvatArikA' kA aMgrejI anuvAda kiyA hai| unakI icchA thI ki usakI jAMca karake chapA diyA jAe / meremeM usa samaya itanI yogyatA nahIM thI ki aMgrejI anuvAdako svayaM dekhakara kucha kaha sakatA, ata eva use dekhanekA kAma maine apane eka tatkAlIna grejyueTa sAthI (satyAgrahAzramavAsI zrI. ramaNikalAla maganalAla modI)ko diyA, jo isa samaya jelameM hai / vaha aMgrejI anuvAda hama chapA to na sake, parantu use dekhakara hameM itanA to vizvAsa ho gayA ki bhaTTAcAryajIne isa anuvAdameM bahuta parizrama kiyA hai; aura usase unhe jaina zAstrake antastala taka pahuMcanekA acchA avasara milA hai| usake bAda, itane varSa bIta jAne para, jaba maine unake vaMgalA lekhoMkA anuvAda par3hA to bhaTTAcAryajIke viSayakI merI tatkAlIna dhAraNA puSTa ho gaI aura -vaha satya bhI siddha huI / zrIyut bhaTTAcAryajIne jaina zAstrakA adhyayana aura anuzIlana dIrgha kAla taka jArI rkhaa| ye lekha usIke phalasvarUpa kahe jA sakate haiM / janma aura vAtAvaraNase jainetara hote huve bhI, unake lekhoMmeM jo anekavidha jaina viSayoMkI yathArtha jAnakArI hai aura jaina vicArasaraNIkA jo vAstavika sparza hai vaha unakI adhyayanazIlatA aura sAvadhAna buddhiko siddha karate hai| pUrvIya tathA pazcimIya tattvaciMtanakA 'vizAla adhyayana inakI ema. e. (aura pIeca. DI.) kI DigarIko zomA de aisA hai| inakA tarkayukta nirUpaNa, inakI vakIla-buddhikI sAkSI hai| bhaTTAcAryajIkI yaha sevA, kevala jaina samAjameM hI nahIM apitu jaina darzanake jijJAsu jainetara sAdhAraNa jagatameM bhA cirasmaraNIya rhegii|

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mere isa kathanako par3hanevAle sajjanoMko dhyAna rakhanA cAhiye ki, maiM ina lekhoMke viSayameM apanA vicAra saMkSepameM tathA pratipAdaka saraNIse hI prakaTa kara rahA huuN| isake pratyeka muddeke vAremeM vistAra pUrvaka tathA samAlocaka dRSTi se likhaneke liye bhI sthAna hai, parantu isa samaya maiM isa dRSTi se nahIM likha rahA huuN| prathama yaha dekhanA cAhiye ki ye lekha kisa prakArake jijJAsuoMke liye likhe gaye hai| 'jinavANI' mAsika patra baMgalA bhASA meM nikalatA thaa| usameM prakAzita ye lekha pradhAnataH baMgAlI pAThakoke liye hI likhe gaye hai| baMgAlI pAThaka yAni janmase hI guruvacanako 'tahatti' 'tahatti' (tayeti) karanevAlA eka zraddhAlu jaina nahIM; baMgAlI pAThakagaNa yAni choTe bar3e sabhI viSayoMmeM vivecaka aura samAlocaka dRSTi se, gaharAImeM pahuMcakara satyakI khoja karanevAle bilkula AdhyAtmika gaNa, aisA bhI nahIM; parantu yaha pAThakagaNa sAdhAraNata. darzanamAtrameM ruci rakhenavAlA, pratyeka darzanake viSayameM nyUnAdhika jAnakArI rakhanevAlA, tarka-zailI aura tulanAtmaka paddhatikA mUlya samajhanevAlA evaM paMtha yA sampradAyakI cAra dIvArIse rahita vizAla jJAnAkAzameM apane cittako svacchanda rItise ur3ane denekI icchA rakhanevAlA hotA hai / yaha bAta yAda rakhanI cAhiye ki, isa prakArake vaMgAlI pAThaka-vargameM jainoMkI apekSA jainetara samAja hI mukhya aura adhika hai| unameM bhI pradhAnata. kolejake vidyArthiyoM aura paNDita prophesaroMkA hI Adhikya hotA hai / jaba koI, janmase hI jainetara aura buddhipradhAna vargake liye, jaina darzanake sAdhAraNa aura viziSTa tattvoMka viSayameM saphalatA pUrvaka kucha likhanA cAhatA hai to yaha svAbhAvika bAta hai ki

Page #20
use ina tatvoMke vivecanako yathAzakti rocaka aura buddhigrAhya banAnA paDatA hai / nirUpaNakI rocakatAkA AdhAra usakI zailI hai| aura tatvoMkI buddhigrAhyatA, anya darzanoMke tatvoMke sAthakI tathA pazcimI vicArapravAhake sAthakI tulanA para avalaMbita hai| jainetara janatAmeM bhI jaina darzana sabandhI viziSTa jijJAsA jAgRta karaneke uddezyase likhe gaye ina lekhoMkI nirUpaNa zailImeM hameM rocakatA aura buddhigrAhyatA, donoM hI bAteM dikhalAI detI hai / kyoM ki, ina lekhoMkI zailI aisI pratipAdanAtmaka evaM yuktiyukta hai ki usameM jaina darzanako viziSTa sthApanAkA uddezya hote huve bhI usameM na to ugratA hI hai aura na hI kaTutA yA kisIkA AkSepapUrNa khaMDana / ina lekhoMmeM jina jina viSayoMkI carcA kI hai, unake saMbandhameM anya bhAratIya darzanoMke sAtha jaina darzanakI tArkika tulanA kI gaI hai| itanA hI nahIM, aneka sthAnoMmeM usa usa viSayake vAremeM pazcimI vicArakoMmeM bhI kyA kyA pakSa-pratipakSa haiM yaha bhI prakaTa kiyA gayA hai| ata eva ina lekhoMko paDhanevAle madhyama vargako jaina tatvoMko vuddhigrAhya vanAnemeM bahuta hI saralatA hogii| abhyAsa evaM samajhazaktikI dRSTi se tathA rucipuSTikI dRSTise mere matAnusAra ina lekhoMmeM prathama sthAna " bhAratIya darzanoM meM jaina darzanakA sthAna" zIrSaka lekha ko milanA caahiye| * dvitIya sthAna " jaina dRSTimeM * uma samaya anya lekha taiyAra na honese, paNDitajIko kevala cAra lesa hI bheje gae the| karmavAda, bhagavAna pArzvanAtha tathA mahAmeghavAhana khAravela nAmaka lekha vAdana sammilita kiye gae haiN| gujarAtI anuvAdaka zrI sushiil|

Page #21
Izvara" isa lekhakA hai| "jaina vijJAna " nAmaka lekhako tIsarA aura "jIva" zIrSaka lekhako caturtha sthAna diyA jAnA cAhiye / bhAratIya darzanakA kaunasA sthAna hai, yaha vAta jaina darzanake abhyAsIko sarvaprathama jAnanI cAhiye / IzvarakA prazna jisa prakAra vyApaka hai, usI prakAra rocaka bhI hai| jaina darzanakA sthAna jJAta honeke pazcAt isa praznake sambandhameM jaina mata jAnanekI AvazyakatA hai| tatpazcAt samasta jaina tattvoMkA prazna AtA hai, jinakA spaSTIkaraNa "jaina vijJAna " lekhameM ho jAtA hai| "jIva" viSayaka jaina mAnyatA jAnanekI icchA zAyada isase pUrva bhI utpanna ho, parantu isa mAnyatAkI carcA itanI sUkSma rItise tathA nyAyakI paribhASAmeM kI hai ki, isa lekhako antameM rakhanese sAdhAraNa pAThakoMkI ruci aura samajhazaktikA vikAsa - jo prathamake tIna lekhoke par3hanese huvA hogA-cauthe lekhako samajhanemeM sahAyatA degA evaM tarkakI sUkSmatA tathA nyAyakI paribhASA sAdhAraNa zrAvakake utsAhako manda nahIM kregii| yahAM lekha to kevala cAra hI hai, aura yaha bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki ve saba pUrNa hI hai, tathApi sAdhAraNataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki, jaina darzana saMbandhI samasta tAttvika praznoMnA inameM samAveza hai| aisA mAlama hotA hai ki ye lekha mAnoM vAcaka umAsvAtike 'tatvArtha' aura usakI TIkAoMkA tulanAtmaka samartha nahI hai| ina lekhoMse tatvArthagata samasta mukhya viSayokA Adhunika zailIse spaSTIkaraNa ho jAtA hai| inhe paDhaneke pazcAt koI jainetara bhI 'tatvArtha' paDhe to use usake samajhanemeM bahuta suvidhA hogii|

Page #22
ina lekhoMmeM, prAcIna grIka tattvaciMtakoMse lekara madhya kAlIna evaM arvAcIna yuropIya tattvaciMtakoM takake, jaina darzanake muddoMse pratikUla tathA anukUla vicAra A jAte hai / ata eva pazcimI tattvajJAnase paricita jijJAsu pAThakoMko jaina darzana paDhanekI vizeSa ruci utpanna ho tathA vaha bhalI bhAMti samajhameM AjAya aisI ina lekhoMkI yojanA hai| isake atirikta jo kevala jaina darzanake tatvase paricita hai aura isa viSayameM pazcimI vicArako matase anabhijJa hai unako bhI jaina tattvakA vyApaka marma samajhAnekI vyavasthA ina lekhoMmeM maujUda hai| ina lekhoMmeM jaina sAhityake Agamika aura tArkika donoM prakArake mahattvapUrNa granthoMkA tAttvika nirUpaNa A jAtA hai| phira cAhe vaha nirUpaNa digaMvarIya granthoke AdhAra para ho yA zvetAmbarIya granthoMke AdhAra para, athavA ubhaya pakSake granthoMke AdhAra para / aisA hone para bhI ina lekhoMse yaha pratIta hotA hai ki lekhakane pradhAnataH jaina tArkika granthoM (yathA, 'ratnAkarAvatArikA,' prameyakamalamArtaMDa', 'syAdvAdamaMjarI' Adi)kA adhyayana kiyA hai / ata eva Ajakala jo jaina, jainetara vidyArthI jaina tarkazAstrakA adhyayana kara rahe hai athavA jinhoMne jaina tarkazAstrakI parIkSA dI hai, una sabake liye ina lekhoMkA paThana aneka dRSTiose upayogI siddha hogaa| ye lekha zuSka paNDitoMko yaha sikhalAeMge ki, saMskRta bhASAmeM tarkazailIse vivecita mudde yaura tatsambandhI vivaraNa saralatApUrvaka lokabhASAmeM kisa prakAra utAre jA sakate haiM, evaM jaTila kahalAnevAle zAstrIya jJAnako kucha sarala kisa prakAra kiyA jA sakatA hai|

Page #23
ina cAroM lekhoMko par3hate huve mujhe, kitaneka muddoM, kitanIka vyAkhyAoM aura kaI tulanAoMke sambandhameM apane purAne hindI aura gujarAtI lekhoMkA smaraNa ho aayaa| karmagranthokI ve prastAvanAeM, 'purAtattva' aura 'jaina sAhitya saMgodhaka ke ve lekha, aura 'tattvArthakA vaha vivecana Adi sabakI smRti mere cittameM tAjI ho gii| aura aisA pratIta hone lagA ki, prastuta lekhoMke pAThaka yadi ve lekha dhyAnapUrvaka samajhakara par3he to unakI samajhazakti aura unake jJAnameM vRddhi honeke atirikta nizcita prakArako dRDhatA bhI utpanna hogii| isI taraha mujhe yaha bhI pratIta huvA ki, jinhoMne una lekhoMko par3hA hai, ve yadi inhe par3heMge to unakI una lekhoMke sambandhakI pratIti adhika dRr3ha aura spaSTa hogii| prathama alaga alaga prakAzita tathA aprakAzita ina anuvAdita lekhokA saMgraha eka pustakameM huA hai vaha aneka dRSTiyoMse vizeSa upayogI siddha hogaa| kaoNlejomeM zikSA pAnevAle vidyArthiyoM tathA unhIMke samAna yogyatA aura jijJAsA rakhanevAle anya pAThakoMke lie - cAhe ve jaina hoM yA janetara- yaha saMgraha bahuta upayogI hai| isI prakAra skUlake var3I avasthAke evaM thor3I pakva buddhike vidyArthiyoMke lie evaM vizeSataH skUloMmeM dhArmika aura dArzanika zikSA denavAle zikSakoMke lie bhI yaha saMgraha bahuta mUlyavAna hai / isake atirikta mAtra prAcIna aura ekadezIya paddhatise zikSA denevAlI jaina pAThazAlAoMmeM par3hanevAle adhikArI strIpuruSoMke lie, aura vizeSata. jo aisI pAThazAlA oMmeM zikSakakA kArya karate hai parantu jinhe jaina zAstrakA vizAla paricaya nahIM hai aura jo jaina dRSTikI vyApakatAse anabhijJa hai unake lie

Page #24
yaha saMgraha AzIrvAda rUpa ho sake aisA hai| jo loga jaina athavA jainetara chAtrAlayomeM athavA zikSAmaMdiromeM jaina darzanakA saMkSipta tathApi viziSTa paricaya pahuMcAnA cAhate hai unake liye bhI yaha anuvAdasaMgraha bar3e kAmakA hai| hindI saMskaraNake samayajaba gujarAtI prathama saMskaraNa chapA tava mere sAmane kevala cAra nibaMdha upasthita the ata eva vAkIke pAMca nibaMdhoMko mai usa samaya dekha sakA na thaa| ve pAMca nibaMdha isa samaya dekhane meM Aye / isa taraha isa samaya prastuta hindI AvRttimeM samAveza kiye gaye saba nibaMdhoMkA avalokana mai kara sakA huuN| gujarAtI nidarzanameM cAra nibaMdhoM ke bAremeM maiMne apanA thoDAsA vicAra prakaTa kiyA thA / abhI pAMca nibaMdhoke bAremeM kucha vaktavya prApta hai| pustaka gata tIsarA aura AThavAM ye do nibaMdha karmaviSayaka hai| 'jaina darzanameM karmavAda' aura 'jainoMkA karmavAda' zIrSakase lekhakane karmatattvakI carcA kI hai| pahile nibaMdhameM karmatattvakI sAmAnya carcA hai, jo darzanAntarake karmavicArake sAtha jaina darzanake karmavicArako AMzika tulanArUpa hai| merI rAyameM lekhaka isa jagaha darzanAntarake karmaviSayaka vicAroMko vizeSa spaSTatA va vistArake sAtha darasAte to nibaMdhake abhyAsIke liye vicArakI yathAvat sAmagrI prastuta hotii| lekhakane gautamapratipAdita nyAyadarzana-sammata karmakA vicAra jaisA darasAyA hai vaisA ve pAtaMjala yogazAstrake AdhAra para sAMkhya-yoga-sammata karmavicArakA nirUpaNa kara sakate the| eka tarahase nyAyazAstrake karmavicArakI apekSA

Page #25
21 yogazAstragata karmavicAra savizeSa vizada evaM savizeSa vargIkRta hai / khAsa kara jaina paramparA sammata sattA, udaya, udIraNA, kSayopazama, kSaya Adi kArmika avasthAoMke sAtha yogazAstrIya varNanakA itanA adhika sAmya hai ki dekhakara acaraja hotA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki, upAdhyAya yazovijayajIne yogazAstra ke una sUtroMkI saMkSepameM para tulanAtmaka mArmika vyAkhyA saMskRtameM kI hai / abhyAsIgaNa upAdhyAyajIkI isa vyAkhyAko prastuta nibaMdha paDhate samaya dekheMge to viSayakI pUrti kucha to ho sakegI / upAdhyAyajIkI vaha vRtti hindI sAra sahita chapI bhI hai| - lekhakane pUrva mImAMsA aura uttara mImAMsA meM karmatattvako khAsa carcA na honekI kucha sUcanA kI hai| eka tarahase unakA kathana aMzataH ThIka kahA jA sakatA hai, para vAstavameM vAta dUsarI hai / mImAMsAmeM apUrvakA - yajJa Adi janya apUrvakA - usake gauNa mukhyatvakA, phalAphalakA aura utsarga - apavAda AdikA jo vicAra hai vaha dArzanika abhyAsIke liye upekSaNIya nahIM / uttara mImAMsAmeM AtmavicArakA prAdhAnya hai sahI, para avidyAtattvakA tathA mUlAvidyA tathA tulAvidyAkA yA mUlAjJAna aura usakI avasthAoMkA jo vicAra hai athavA yo kahiye ki mAyAkI AvaraNazakti tathA vikSepazaktikA jo vicAra hai vaha sAmAnya nahIM / vaha hameM jaina paramparAvarNita darzanamoha aura jJAnAvaraNa jaise bhAvakarmake vicArake najadIka pahuMcAtA hai / lekhakane bauddha paramparA - sammata karmavicArakA nirdeza kiyA hai, para vaha adhika vistArako apekSA rakhatA hai / eka tarahase cauddha 1. pAtaJjalayogasUtra pAda 2, sUtra 3 se Age, sabhASya /

Page #26
'abhidharma' sArA karmatattvake vicArase hI bharA paDA hai, jaisA ki jaina karmazAstra / bhale hI donoMkI zailI bhinna ho, para garbhameM jo aikya va samAnatA hai vaha dArzanika vyaktike liye khAsa jijJAsya hai| isa viSayameM Ti. Dablyu. rAisa DeviDsa tathA jarmana bhikSu govindakI pustake bahuta kucha upayogI hai| sAmAnya rUpase sabhI yahI mAnate va kahate hai ki, bauddha darzana nirAtmavAdI hai| anya darzanasammata AtmasvarUpa na mAnaneke kAraNa koI eka darzana nirAtmavAdI kahA jAya to zAyada sabhI darzana nirAtmavAdI siddha hoge| dekhanA to yaha cAhiye ki, bauddha darzana. AtmAkA svarUpa kisa prakArase kina zabdoMmeM kaisA mAnatA hai / agara tathAgata buddha punarjanma, nirvANakA mArga ityAdi tattva bhArapUrvaka pratipAdita karatA hai to vaha nirAtmavAdI kaise ? asalameM buddhane 'AtmA' zabdake sthAnameM pradhAnatayA 'citta'-jo eka cetana zabdakA 'cit' dhAtumUlaka dUsarA rUpa hai- usakA prayoga kiyA hai aura cittakI vyAkhyA usane tathA usake ziSyoMne aisI kI hai, jisase karma, punarjanma Adi bAtoMkA mela baiTha sake / vuddha ucchedavAdI cArvAkakA virodhI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki dharmakIrtine 'pramANavArtika meM zurU hI meM cArvAka matakA nirAsa kiyA hai, jaisA ki AcArya haribhadrane 'zAstravArtAsamuccaya meM / maiM samajhatA hUM ki, vauddha darzanake bAremeM Upara UparakI sthUla jAnakArIkI apekSA usake sambandhameM sahAnubhUtipUrvaka gaharI jAnakArI prApta karanI 2. orijina eNDa grotha oNpha rilijiyana (inDiyana vuddhijhm)| 3. zrI sAikolojikala eTiTyUTa oNpha abhidharma /

Page #27
cAhiye; tabhI hama vizeSa satyake najadIka pahuMca sakate hai| bauddha karmavAdameM klegAvaraNa aura jJeyAvaraNakA khAsA varNana hai, jo anukramase jainasammata darzanamoha aura jJAnAvaraNake samAna hai| jainasammata guNasthAna, jo ki karmavAdamUlaka AdhyAtmika utkrAntikramakA eka sundara nirUpaNa hai, vaisA hI AdhyAtmika nirUpaNa bauddha paramparAmeM bhI sotApatti, sakadAgAmI Adi lokottara mArgarUpame haiN| kicyAniTI aura islAmameM jo karuNAvAda (Doctrine of Grace) aura prAyacittavAda (Doctrine of Vicarious Atonement) prasiddha hai vaha bhAratIya paramparAmeM bahuta purAne samayase suvidita evaM pracalita hai| upaniSadoMmeM IzvarAnugrahakI sUcanA hai| isI para to vallabhakA puSTimArga avalambita hai| aura purAnA sAtvata-bhAgavata-mArga bhI usI tattvako mAnatA AyA hai| prAyazcitta para to jaina, bauddha Adi sabhI zramaNamArgI bhAra dete Aye hai| ___ yahAM isakA itanA vistAra isa liye kiyA hai ki prastuta nibaMdhake abhyAsI yathAsambhava vizeSa gaharAIkI ora jAyaM / karmatattvase sambaddha AThavA nibaMdha kevala jaina pAribhASika zabdokI vyAkhyA, jaina darzanakA karmaviSayaka vargIkaraNa ityAdi paraMparAgata varNanakA 4. zrIdharmAnanda kauzAmbIkRta 'buddha dharma ANi sagha'; 'samAdhimArga' aadi| 5. nAyamAtmA pravacanena labhyo na medhayA na bahunA zrutena / yamevaipa vRNute tena labhyastasyaipa AtmA vivRNute tanU svAm / / -kaThopaniSad 1-2-22 /

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24 prakaTIkaraNamAtra hai, jo sAmpradAyika paribhASAvaddha karmavicArake abhyAsiyoMke liye khAsa upayogI hai| prastuta pustakameM chaThA nibaMdha bhagavAn pArzvanAthase sambaddha hai aura sAtavAM mahArAjA khaarvelse| yoM to bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kevala jaina paramparAmeM hI nahIM balki sAmAnya rUpase bhAratIya janatAmeM suvidita haiM / bhAratameM kahIM bhI jAo-khAsakara pUrva aura dakSiNAdi dezomeM jAo- to loga jaina paramparAko pArzvanAthake nAmase pahicAnate hai / jaina tIrthaMkaroM se jitanI khyAti bhagavAn pArzvanAthakI hai utanI janasAdhAraNameM anya tIrthaMkaroMkI- yahAM taka ki - bhagavAna mahAvIra takakI bhI, nahIM hai / vaidika aura paurANika paramparAmeM jaise rAma aura kRSNa, yA brahmA viSNu aura mahezvara vaise hI jaina paramparAmeM bhagavAn pArzvanAtha / unake nAmase vizruta pArzvanAtha pahADa-sammetazikhara Adi jaise tIrtha bhI sarvavidita hai / banArasa agara kabhI jaina paramparAkA anyatama kendra rahA ho to vaha bhI sambhavataH bhagavAn pArzvanAthake kAraNa hI / isa sthitimeM bhagavAn pArzvanAthakI aitihAsikatAke bAremeM sandehako avakAza nahIM hai, phira bhI jo vastu jainaki liye svataHsiddha hai vaha jainetaroMke liye-khAsakara pAzcAtya dezavAsiyoMke liye-vaisI ho nahIM sktii| ata eva zuru zurumeM aneka pAzcAtya vidvAn bhagavAn mahAvIrase pahile jaina paramparAkA astitva mAnanemeM hicakicAte rhe| para jaba pro. yAkobIne bauddha aura jaina granthoMkI tulanAke AdhAra para batalAyA ki, pArzvanAtha aitihAsika vyakti haiM tava sava loga eka svarase usa tathyako mAnane lo / pArzvanAthako aitihAsika sAvita karanekI sAmagrI to

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bhAratIya vAGmayameM-khAsa kara jaina vauddha granthoMmeM - pahilehIse maujuudthii| isa vADmayake abhyAsI bhI isa dezameM pahilehIse rahe hai| para usa sAmagrIkA aitihAsika dRSTise upayoga karake eka sabala vidhAna karanevAlA Akhirako yorapameM hI paidA huaa| aura Aja hama khuda jaina sAdhu gRhastha paNDita Adi saba yAkobIke nAmakA upayoga karake pArzvanAthake aitihAsikatvakA samarthana karate hai| yaha vastu tattvataH anucita nahIM, para isake piche jo hamArI manodazA hai vaha avazya cintanIya hai| ___ Aja bhI aitihAsika aise aneka prazna hai, jinakI gaveSaNA karanA hamArA hI kartavya hai| para hamArI manodazA itanI adhika parAdhIna huI hai ki, hama khuda kucha kara nahIM pAte / bhagavAn pArzvanAthake vartamAna jIvanakA jahAM taka sambandha hai vahAM taka bhI hameM aitihAsika dRSTise usa para saMzodhana karanA hogA / vyaktitvakA itihAsa eka bAta hai aura jIvana sambandhI hakIkatoMkA itihAsa dUsarI bAta hai| yadi bhagavAn pAzvanAthakA vyaktitva itihAsasiddha hai to unake sAtha sambandha rakhanevAlI seMkaDoM bAtoM se ho sake itanI adhika vAtoMkA aitihAsika saMzodhana bhI hameM karanA hogaa| unakA saMgha kaisA thA ? vaha kevala navanirmita thA yA pUrva paramparAke AdhArase vikasita huA thA ? unakA vihArakSetra tathA dharmapracArakSetra kitanA thA aura kahAM kahAM thA ? unake samayakA nirgrantha vAGmaya thA to kaisA aura usakA praryavasAna kyA huA ? kauna kaunase viziSTa rAje, vidvAn yA gRhapati unakI paramparAmeM hue - jinhoMne pArzvanAthake zAsanako prabhAvaka banAnemeM yoga diyaa| khAsa

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pArzvaparamparAke AcAra kaise rahe ? upalabdha Agamoke kina staromeM pAcanAthIya paramparAkI kaise kaise jhAMkI hotI hai / usa samaya tIrtha caitya AdikI sthiti kyA thI ? pArzvanAtha pahADakI itanI khyAti kabase aura kyo ? tathAgata buddhake sAtha pArthaparamparAkA koI sambandha hai / hai to kyA aura kaisA : bauddha piTakomeM bAra bAra 'nAtaputra'kA nirdeza Ane para bhI java nirgrantha yAmo ( mahAvatoM ) kA varNana AtA hai taba mahAvIrake paMca mahAnatoMke sthAnameM cAra mahAnatokA nirdeza kyo ?-ityAdi aneka prazna aise hai jinake bAre meM saMzodhana karane para Aja bhI aneka tathya jJAta ho sakate hai / merI rAyameM Ajakalake abhyAsakI dRSTise isa ora hama jaina logoMkA hI dhyAna mukhyatayA jAnA caahiye| lekhakane pArzvanAthake pUrvajanmoMkI paurANika kathA bhI nibandhameM dI hai / itane adhika pUrvajanmokI kathAke itihAsakA patA to kabhI saMbhava hI nahIM, to bhI isa paurANika kathAke abhyAsako hama aneka tarahase rucikara banA sakate haiM / pahile to yaha ki zvetAmbara digambara sAhityameM jo purAnA kathAbhAga ho usakI tulanA kI jAya aura khoja kI jAya ki, usa paurANika kathAkA prAcIna AdhAra kyA rahA ? kyA donoM paramparAone kisI eka sotameMse apane apane purANa likhe ' yA donoM paramparAkA sota koI judA thA donoMmeM antara hai to kina kina bAtoMmeM ? tathA pArzvanAthake caritra viSayaka jo aneka grantha Age race gaye hai unameM kyA kyA parivartana hotA gayA hai? aura kisa kisa dRSTi se 2 evaM pArzvanAthake paurANika jIvana aura vartamAna jIvanake kina kina aMzo para jainetara purANavarNanoMkI chApa hai ? --ye saba viSaya tulanAtmaka dRSTise

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27 paDhe jAyaM to sacamuca, vaha abhyAsa rucikara ho sakatA hai| zrIyut bhaTTAcAryajIne to kevala upakrama karake hama logoMko saceta bhara kiyA hai| sAtavAM nivandha bhAratIya itihAsa-khAsa kara jaina paraMparAke prAcIna itihAsa- kI dRSTise bahuta mahattvakA hai| yaha ThIka hai ki, mahArAjA khAravelakA nAma digambara zvetAmbara paramparAke upalabdha sAhityameM kahIM dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| yaha bhI ThIka hai ki, khAravelake zilAlekhakI upalabdhike pahile khAravelakA nAma na jaina paraMparAko vidita thA aura na anya kisI paramparAko / to bhI usa ajJAta lekhake jJAta hone para tathA aneka vidvAnoMke dvArA usake artha nikAle jAne para yaha to nirvivAda jJAta ho hI jAtA hai ki mahArAjA khAravela jaina paramparAke anugAmI aura samarthaka rahe hai| ___ bhagavAn mahAvIrake samayameM ceTaka, zreNika, koNika, zatAnika Adi rAje the, jo bhagavAna mahAvIrake pAsa Ate jAte bhI the| isI taraha candragupta maurya aura sampatikA bhI jaina paramparAse saMbaMdha rahA / uttara kAlameM zaka sAhI, vikramAditya,AmarAja, siddharAja, kumArapAla, mahammada tugalakha, akabara Adi aneka rAjyasattAdhArI aise hue hai jinakA jaina saMgha yA jaina vidvAnake sAtha kucha na kucha sambandha rhaa| isI taraha dakSiNameM gaMga, kadamba, cola, pANDya, rASTrakUTa Adi vaMzake aneka rAje tathA anya sattAdhArI aise hue jinakA jaina paramparAse kucha na kucha mahattvakA sambandha rhaa| una savakA thoDA bahuta nirdeza jaina sAhityameM, zila 6. 'miDivala janijhama'-DaoN. saalettor| _ 'jainijhama eNDa karnATaka kalcara'-zarmA /

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28 "lekhoMmeM, prazastioM meM kisI na kisI prakArase milatA hai, taba prazna hotA ki, khAravela jaise samartha anuyAyI aura prabhAvazAlI narapatikA nirdeza kahIM bhI jaina sAhitya meM kyo nahIM ? isa praznakA uttara yathArtha rUpameM pAnA sarala nahIM, to bhI jaina paraMparAke bhinna bhinna samayabhAvI tathA samakAlIna gaNa-gacchoMkI evaM phirakoMkI prakRtikA avalokana hameM isa natIje para pahuMcAtA hai ki, mahArAja khAravela kisI aise jaina phirakeke vizeSa paricayameM Aye, jisakA sambandha tatkAlIna aura uttarakAlIna digaMbara zvetAmbara jaina phirakoke sAtha udAsInasA rahA / agara mahArAja khAravelane kaliMgameM jaina paramparAko protsAhana diyA aura unake pahelese kaliMga meM jaina paramparA ke astitvakA pramANa milatA hai, aura saMbhava bhI hai, to mAnanA hogA ki, kaliMga meM vartamAna tatkAlIna jaina phirakA koI khAsa thA, jo usa samayakI acela - sacela paraMparAse kisI aMgameM bhinna thaa| bhagavatI-vyAkhyAprajJaptimeM pArzvapatyika aneka sAdhu zrAvakoM kA varNana hai, jo kAlpanika nahIM / una pArzvApatyikomeMse aise aneka the jo anta taka bhagavAn mahAvIrake zAsanameM sammilita na hue, va ekamAtra bhagavAn pArzvanAthako hI mukhyatayA mAnate rahe jilloMmeM sarAka jAtikA jo avazeSa hai aura usameM jo cihna abhI "milate hai unase bhI ukta saMketakA samarthana hotA hai / mahArAja khAravelake "khavAlI guphAmeM sarpaphaNAkI AkRti hai, jo bhagavAn pArzvanAthakA eka paricAyaka cihna hai| aisI bikharI huI asaMkalita bAtoMkA vicAra karate hue kalpanA yahI hotI hai ki, kaliMgame pArzvapatyikoMko eka / mAnabhUma Adi

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29 kaTTara jaina paramparA pahilese avazya calI AtI hogI, jisake sAtha mahArAja khAravelakA khAsa sambandha rahA / usa paramparAkA jaina sAhitya koI judA avaziSTa na rhaa| jo kucha nAza honese baca gayA vaha kramazaH zvetAmbara aura digambara sAhitya meM ghula-mila gayA / aura mahArAja khAravelakA nirdezaka koI aMza sAhityAdi rUpameM rahA hogA to vaha usa phirakeke sAtha hI nAmazeSa ho gayA / jo kucha ho, para itanA avazya mAnanA hogA ki, aMga magadha jaise kendrasthAnoMse dakSiNakI ora jaina paramparAke phailaneke sAtha hI bIcameM kaliMga eka pahilese khAsA jaina kendra banA hogA / maiM samajhatA T hUM, isa dizA meM bahuta sAvadhAnI se khoja kI jAya to kaliMga aura usake AsapAsake sImApradezoMmeMse isa tUTatI kaDIko joDanevAlI bahutakucha sAmagrI mila sakatI hai| prastuta pustakameM khAravela ke nibandhakI sArthakatA usI ora saMzodhakoMkA dhyAna khIMcane meM hai / antima nibaMdha dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya nAmaka do dravyatattvase sambandha rakhatA hai / zrIyuta bhaTTAcAryajIne isameM nirdiSTa dono dravyoM ke astitvakA samarthana mukhyatayA hetuvAda - yuktivAse kiyA hai| bIca bIcameM unhoMne zAstrIya vAkyakA avalaMbana avazya liyA hai, para mukhya jhukAva hetuvAdakI ora hai / hameM dhyAnameM rakhanA cAhiye ki, koI bhI darzana akele AgamavAda yA akele tarkavAda para na calA hai, na cala sakatA hai / tathAgata buddhane vinA parIkSA kiye apane vacana takako na mAnanekI bAta ziSyoMse kahI thii| para Akhirako bauddha darzana bhI piTakazAstrAva - lambI ho hI gayA / jaina darzana to pahile hI se Aptavacanako antima f

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pramANa mAnatA AyA hai / para aneka bAteM aisI hotI hai jo vastutaH Agamagamya hone para bhI hetuvAdake dvArA samarthana vinA kiye zrotAoMko pratItikara nahIM hotI / ata eva zrIyuta bhaTTAcAryajIne bhI isa nivandhameM hetuvAdakA prazraya liyA hai aura yathAsambhava unhoMne etaddezIya aura dezAntarIya cintanadhArAoMkA tulanAtmaka upayoga karake dharmAstikAya adharmAstikAya tatvoMkI pratItikara carcA kI hai, jisameM ve bahuta kucha saphala hue hai| zrIyuta bhaTTAcAryajIne jindagI bhara jaina sAhityakA parizIlana mukhyatayA apane Apa kiyA hai| unake parizIlanakA phala Aja aneka rUpoMmeM jaina jagatake sAmane A rahA hai| hameM unake isa satata vidyAyogakI sarAhanA hI nahIM balki usakA anukaraNa bhI karanA caahiye| agara jaina paraMparA svAdhyAya tathA vidyAko sunizcita tapa samajhe to, merI rAyameM, isa pustakakA prakAzana vizeSa sArthaka siddha hogaa| zrIyuta bhaTTAcAryajIne vaMgAlI aura aMgrejImeM jaina paramparAke aneka viSayoM para bahuta kucha likhA hai| unake sAre lekhoMkA saMgraha karake unamese jo jo sarvasAdhAraNagamya karane jaisA jace usako hindI yA gujarAtImeM utAranA yaha jaina saMsthAoMkA sahaja kartavya hai / isase eka likhA huA taiyAra sAhitya naI pIDhIko sulama hogA aura jaina sAhitya prakAzaka saMsthAoMke liye eka upayogI pravRtti prApta hogii| ___ abhI abhI bhaTTAcAryajIkA anekAnta viSayaka aMgrejI inAmI nibaMdha gujarAtIma anuvAdita hokara bhAvanagarakI zrI jaina AtmAnanda sabhAkI orase prasiddha huA hai, o abhyAsiyoke liye upayogI siddha hogaa|

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jaina paramparAke maujUdA saba phirake kisI na kisI prakArase jaina sAhitya-prakAzanake liye dattacitta dekhe jAte hai| isa kAryake liye saba phirakoMmeM choTI vaDI prakAzaka saMsthAeM bhI hai| unake pAsa Arthika sAdhana bhI hai / saMsthAoke sAtha thoDe bahuta vidvAna sAdhuoMkA va paNDitoMkA sambandha bhI dekhA jAtA hai / saba saMsthAeM navayuga yogya navIna sAhityako himAyata bhI karatI hai| vastutaH Adhunika zikSaNa-saMsthAoMmeM pravartamAna pAzcAtya vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa va aitihAsika dRSTikoNakA vicAra karate hue yaha spaSTa jAna paDatA hai ki, jaina sAhityake prakAzanakI tathA nirmANakI navInatA anivArya rUpase Avazyaka hai| navInatA aneka dRSTise, aneka viSayoko lekara lAI jA sakatI hai, jo satyase dUra bhI na ho aura vaijJAnika evaM aitihAsika buddhiko saMtuSTa bhI kara sake / isa dRSTikA samAdara vinA kiye ava nayI jijJAsu pIDhIkA mana hama jIta nahIM sakate / ata eva hamArA kartavya yaha bhI rahanA cAhiye ki, kevala amUrta-adRzya aura tAttvika vAtokI-ine gine logoMko sparza karanevAlI bAtoMkI - carcAmeM hI hamArA sAhitya phaMsA na rhe| isake sivAya bhI jaina paramparA para prakAza DAlanevAlI aneka bAteM aisI hai jo bahuta rucikara bhI haiM aura jinakI carcA abhI taka ThIka ThIka ho nahIM pAI hai, balki yaha kahanA cAhiye ki bhAratIya itihAsake nakazekA eka konA hI jinakI carcA va gaveSaNAke sivAya adhurA rhegaa| aise viSayoMkA saMketabhara sUcana karanA ho to nimna likhe anusAra hai:

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1. bhagavAn mahAvIrake pahelekA paurANika, ardhapaurANika aura aitihAsika jaina srota, jisakI Adhunika zailIse zodha karanA / 2. aMga-magadha jaise kendrasthAnase judo judI dizAoMmeM jaina paramparAkA kaise kaise aura kaba kava phailAva huA aura naye naye kSetroMmeM jAkara usane kyA kyA kAma kiyA ? abhI una kSetroMmeM jaina paramparAkA astitva kisa kisa rUpameM hai ? vIca bIcameM caDhAva-utAra kaise kaise aura kyoM Aye ? yaha sava aitihAsika dRSTise likhnaa| 3. mUrti vidyAmeM jaina paramparAkA kyA hissA hai ? usameM usane kyA vikAsa kiyA ? ityaadi| 1. citra, sthApatya aura anya zilpakA jaina paramparAmeM praveza kaba, kaise aura kahAM kahAM huaa| isameM usane kyA arpaNa kiyA ? ityaadi| 5. dezabharameM pranthoMkI rakSAkI dRSTi se jaina paramparAkI kyA dena hai aura jaina paramparAzrita bhANDArokA kyA itihAsa hai / 6. pahilese Ajatakake vidyamAna yA lupta sAdhuoke gaNa, gaccha, kula AdikA saparicaya varNana ! 7. abhI taka jarmana, phreMca, aMgrejI, iTAliyana Adi bhASAoMmeM jo kucha jaina paramparA-saMbaddha likhA gayA ho usa sabakA dezabhASAmeM vyavasthita saMkalana / Upara nirdiSTa viSaya kevala sujhAvabharake liye hai| para itanA avazya kartavya hai ki, jaina saMsthAeM aba naI dRSTi aura naI sphUrtise kArya karane lo| saritakuja, elisanIja ahamadAbAda 9, tA. 31-1-52 (vasatapacamI) sukhalAla

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jinavANI

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bhAratIya darzanoMmeM jaina darzanakA sthAna bhUtakAlake durbhedya aMdhakArameM asaMkhya vastueM lupta ho cukI hai, unheM prakAzameM lAneke liye anveSaka athavA itihAsa-premI utsAha aura lAnase jo parizrama kara rahe hai vaha vastuta: prazaMsanIya hai, parantu jaba ve samasta ghaTanAoMko-sAmAjika prasaMgoMko vikramapUrvakI athavA pazcAtakI kisI eka zatAbdAmeM rakhanekA Agraha kara baiThate hai to pathacyuta hojAte hai / vaidika kriyAkAMDakA samaya nizcita karane meM bhI ve mahAnubhAva isI prakAra Abhyantarika vAdavivAdameM phaMsa gaye aura ThIka ThIka kAlanirNaya na kara sake / vaidika karmakANDa aura bahudevavAdake sAtha sAtha hI avyAtmavAda aura tatvavicArakA prAdurbhAva huvA pratIta hotA hai| parantu kitane hI vidvAnoMkA mata hai ki avyAtmavAda aura tattvavidyA usake pAdake hai; tatvavidyA aura karmakANDa sAtha sAtha raha hI nahIM sakate, prathama karmakANDa hogA aura phira kisI samaya-kisI zubha muhUrtameM tatvavicArakA janma huvA hogA / yaha yuktivAda ThIka nahIM hai / jainadharma aura bauddhadharmameM purAnA kauna hai ? isa viSayameM bahuta adhika vAdavivAda ho cukA hai| kisIne jainadharmako vauddhadharmakI zAkhA mAnA, to kisIne

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jinavANI - use bauddhadharmase bhI prAcIna mAna liyaa| isa saba vAdAnuvAdameM yadyapi eka prakArakI jijJAsAvRtti - satya vastu khoja nikAlanekI icchA - avazya pAI jAtI hai aura vaha AdaraNIya hai, parantu isa prakArakA vAdavivAda karNamanohara hone para bhI merI dRSTimeM adhika mUlyavAna nahIM hai| usakI AdhArazilA hI jitanI honI cAhie utanI majabUta nahIM hotI hai| yadi hama mAnavIprakRti para vicAra kare to hame svIkAra karanA par3egA ki cintana aura manana manuSya - prakRtikA eka viziSTa lakSaNa hai / arthAt dIrgha kAlase mAnavasamAjameM- mAnavahRdayameM adhyAtmacintana aura tattvavicArakI dhArAeM pravAhita hai| hama jisa kAlameM manupyasamAjako arthahIna karmakANDake bhArase sarvathA davA huvA mAnate haiM usa samaya - prArambhika avasthAme bhI kucha na kucha AdhyAtmikatA to avasya hI hogI / vAstavameM sAmAjika bAlyAvasthAme jo gupta mUDhatA hotI hai usake karmakANDa AdhyAtmikatAkI bhUmikAsvarUpa hote hai / vaha AdhyAtmikatA yathAvat vikasita nahIM hotI, tathApi samAjakI pratyeka avasthAmeM kucha na kucha vicAravikAsa, tatkAlIna nIti-paddhatimeM krAnti utpanna karanekI manobhAvanA aura isa prakAra AdarzakoM kramazaH uccatama banAnekI AkAMkSA ahaniMga jAgRta rahatI haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki kisI bhI darzanakI janmatithikA nirNaya karanA asambhava ho jAtA hai| bhinnabhinna AcAyAMdvArA nirmita darzanoMkA sUkSma cIja unase pUrva bhI vidyamAna rahatA hai| bauddha matakA pracAra buddha bhagavAnane kiyA hai aura jaina matakA prathama zrI vardhamAna mahAvIra svAmIne kiyA hai yaha eka galata khyAla hai|

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jaina darzanakA sthAna nizcaya hI ina donoM mahApuruSose pahile bhI sudUra prAcIna kAlameM cauddha aura jaina zAsanake mUlatattva sUtrarUpase pracalita the| hAM, ina tatvoMkA suspaSTa rUpameM pracAra karanA, inake mAdhurya evaM gAmbhIryakI ora janasamUhako AkarSita karanA tathA aisI paristhiti utpanna karanA ki jisameM AbAlavRddha samasta naranArI una tattvoMkA Adara kare, ise una mahApuruSoMne apane jIvanakA eka gauravamaya vrata banA liyA thaa| mUlatattvakI dRSTi se to bhagavAna buddha aura mahAvIra svAmIke janmase bahuta samaya pUrva cauddha mata aura jainadharma vidyamAna the| donoM mata prAcIna hai, aura upaniSadoMka samAna prAcIna kahe jA sakate hai| cauddha tathA jaina matako upaniSadoMkA samakAlIna mAnaneke liye koI vizeSa pramANa nahIM hai aura ye dharma upanipaDhoMke samAna prAcIna nahIM mAne jA sakate, isa prakArakA tarka karanA ThIka nahIM hai| upaniSadoMne khullamakhullA vedoMkA virodha nahIM kiyA ata eva unake mAnanevAloMkI' saMkhyA anyoMkI apekSA bahuta adhika thii| avaidika matAvalambI prArambhika avasthAmeM kucha zaMkAgrasta the ata eva unheM maidAnameM Aneke liye bahuta samayakI pratIkSA karatI par3I hogI / ve loga aprakaTa the, parantu tAttvika dRSTise yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki ve upaniSad-kAlameM vidyamAna hI nahIM the, kyo ki jisa samaya cintanazIla, sAdhaka yA tapasvI jana tattvacintAmeM tallIna the usa samaya unhoMne kevala upaniSadoM meM varNita mArgakI hI khoja kI ho yaha asambhava hai / usa samaya sabhIko vicAra aura cintanakI pUrNa svatantratA prApta thI aura isa vicArasvAtantryake pratApase aneka avaidika matoMkI utpatti huI thii| anya mata

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jinavANI vAdoMkI apekSA upaniSaDhameM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai ki jisase hama upaniSadako prathama nambara de ske| ____ aba, yadi vaidika aura avaidika matavAdakA prAdurbhAva eka hI kAlame huvA ho, unameM uttarottara utkarSa huvA ho to una sabame bahuta sI vAtoMmeM samAnatA honI caahiye| yaha viSaya atyadhika mahattvapUrNa hai aura isI liye yaha bAta atyanta yuktisaMgata mAnI jAtI hai ki kisI eka bhAratIya darzanakA adhyayana karanA ho to prasiddha bhAratIya darzanoMka sAtha usakI tulanA karanI caahiye| sAdhAraNataH bhAratIya dArzanika matavAdameM jaina darzana eka ucca pratiSTApUrNa sthAnameM avasthita hai, aura vizeSataH jaina darzana eka pUrNa darzana hai| tattvavidyAke sabhI aGga isameM vidyamAna hai / vedAntame tarkavidyAkA upadeza nahIM hai; vaizeSika karmAkarma aura dharmAdharma viSayameM mauna hai; parantu jaina darzanameM nyAyavidyA hai, tattva-vicAra hai, dharmanIti hai, paramAtma tattva hai aura anya bhI bahuta kucha hai| prAcIna yugake tattvacintanakA vAstavameM koI amUlya phala hai to vaha jaina darzana hai| jaina darzanako chor3akara yadi Apa bhAratIya darzanakI AlocanA karane lage to vaha apUrNa hI rhegii| mai jisa paddhatise jaina darzanakI AlocanA karanA cAhatA hUM usakI ora Upara saMketa kara cukA huuN| merI AlocanA saMkalanAtmaka athavA tulanAtmaka hai| isa prakArakI AlocanA karanA z2arA kaThina kAma hai; kyoM ki isa prakArakI AlocanA karanevAleko samasta bhAratIya darzanoMkA

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jaina darzanakA sthAna acchA jJAna honA caahiye| parantu yahAM mai adhika gaharAI meM jAnA nahIM cAhatA, kevala mUlatattvoMka viSayameM hI eka-do vAta khNgaa| jaina darzanake viSayameM AlocanA karanese pUrva eka bAta para dhyAna denA Avazyaka hai aura vaha yaha ki jaiminIya darzanako choDakara prAyaH sabhI bhAratIya darzanone, spaSTa yA aspaSTa rUpase, vaidika kriyAkalApameM andhazraddhA rakhanekA prabala virodha kiyA hai| saca pUcho to, andhazraddhAke viruddha yuktivAdakA jo avirAma yuddha jArI hai usIkA nAma darzana hai| prastuta lekhame, isI dRSTi se bhAratIya darzanokA nirIkSaNa karanA aura unake mukhya-mukhya tatvoMkI AlocanA karanI hai| yaha yAda rakhanA cAhiye ki bhAratIya darzanoMkA jo krama-vikAsa maiM yahAM batalAnA cAhatA hUM vaha kAlakramake anusAra nahIM apitu yuktivAdakI dRSTise . hogA (kronolaoNjikala nahIM, kintu lojikala hogaa)| arthahIna vaidika karmakANDakA pUrNa prativAda cArvAka sUtroMmeM pAyA jAtA hai| samAjameM isa prakArake virodhI svatantra sampradAya hote hI hai| prAcIna vaidika samAjameM bhI isa prakArake sampradAya maujUda the| vaidika kriyAkalApako kaThora bhASAmeM latADa batAnA to eka sahaja bAta hai| vicArazIla evaM tattvajijJAsu varga isa prakArake karmakANDase adhika samaya taka santuSTa raha hI nahIM sakate / ata eva arthahIna kriyAkAMDa - yathA yajJa sambandhI vidhi-vidhAna Adi ke prati prabala virodha utpanna ho to isameM koI AzcaryakI vAta nahIM hai| cArvAka darzanakA artha hI vaidika karmakANDakA satata virodha hai| cArvAka darzanako eka virodhI darzana kahanA cAhiye / grIsake sophisToke samAna cArvAkavAdiyoMne bhI kabhI

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jinavANI virATa jagatake viSayameM apanA abhiprAya prakaTa karanekA kapTa nahIM utthaayaa| nirmANa karanekI apekSA tor3aphor3a kara davA denekI aura hI usakI adhika pravRtti thI / veda parabhavako mAnatA hai, cArvAka use ur3A detA hai| kaThopaniSadakI dvitIya vallIke chaThe ilokame isa prakArake nAstikavAdakA paricaya milatA hai"na sAmparAyaH pratibhAti vAlaM prAmAdyantaM vicamohena muudm| ayaM loko nAsti para iti mAnI punaH punarvazamApadyate me" isa zlokameM paralokako na mAnanevAloMkA ullekha hai| isI upaniSadakI chaThI vallIke 12ce zlokameM nAstikatAkI niMdA kI hai mastIti truvato'nyatra kathaM tadupalabhyate // prathama ballIke vIsave zlokameM bhI isa prakArake avizvAsI logoMkA varNana hai yeyaM prete vicikitsA manuSye'stItyeke nAyamastIti caike|| __veda yajJa aura karmakANDakA upadeza dete the / nAstika loga isa yajJa aura kriyAkANDake viSayameM kevala aMkAzIla hI nahIM the apitu, isa vidhi-vidhAna meM kitanI vicitratA bharI hai yaha bhI batalAte the| upaniSad vedake aMzarUpa mAne jAte hai, parantu inhI upaniSadomeM aneka sthaloM para vaidika karmakANDake doSa batalAe gae hai / mai yahAM kevala eka hI udAharaNa detA hUM-- pravAhate ahaDhA yakSarUpA aSTAdazokamavaraM yeSu krm| etat zreyo ye'bhinandatimUDhA jarAmRtyuM te punarevApi yaanti| muDakopaniSad 1:27

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jaina darzanakA sthAna . "yajJa aura usake aThAraha aMga tathA karma saba adRr3ha aura dinAzagIla haiN| jo mUDha inheM zreyaH mAnate haiM ve punaH punaH jarAmRtyuke cakarameM par3ate haiN| parantu upaniSad aura cArvAkameM eka bheda hai / upaniSad eka uccatara evaM mahattara satya prakaTa karaneke liye vaidika karmakANDakI khabara letA hai, para cAkako doSa dikhalAneke atarikta aura koI kArya hI nahIM rahatA / cArvAka darzana eka niSedhavAda mAtra hai| isake yahAM vidhikA to nAma hI nahIM hai| usakA mukhya uddezya kevala vaidika vidhi-vidhAnako tahasanahasa kara denA hI hai| parantu yaha avazya svIkAra karanA par3egA ki sarvaprathama kisIne yuktivAdakA Azraya liyA hai to vaha cArvAka darzana hI hai| anya bhAratIya darzanomeM vAdako yahIyuktivAda phUlAphalA pratIta hotA hai| nAstika cArvAkake samAna jaina darzanameM bhI vaidika karmakANDakI nirarthakatA batalAI gaI hai / jaina darzanane vedazAsanakA khullamakhullA virodha kiyA hai aura anya nAstikoMkI bhAMti yajJAdi kriyAkA mukta kaNThase prativAda kiyA hai yaha bAta sabako bhalI bhAMti vidita hai| cArvAka aura jaina darzanameM yadi kucha samAnatA hai to basa isI sImA taka, nahIM to pUrI taraha chAnavIna karane para mAlama hotA hai ki jaina darzana cArvAkakI bhAMti kevala niSedhAtmaka nahIM hai / jaina darzanakA uddezya eka pUrNa dArzanika mata utpanna karanA mAlama hotA hai| sarvaprathama jaina darzanane indriya-sukha-vilAsakA avajJA pUrvaka parihAra kiyA hai / arthahIna kriyAkalApakA virodha karanemeM cArvAkakA aucitya bhale hI mAna liyA jAya, parantu isake Age kisI gaMbhIra viSaya para vicAra karanekI use sUjhI hI nhiiN|

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10 jinavANI manuSyaprakRtime jo pAzavikatAkA aMga haiM, cArvAka darzana usIko pakar3akara baiTha rahA / vaidika karmakANDa cAhe jaisA ho, parantu usase janatAkI lolupatA eka sImA taka saMyata raha sakatI thI - svacchanda indriyavilAsakA mArga kucha kaNTakAkIrNa bana jAtA, parantu cArvAka darzanako yaha maMjUra na huvA aura isI liye usane veDhazAsanako amAnya tthhraayaa| nirarthaka, bhArabhUta karmakANDake viruddha yadi vastutaH bagAvata hI karanI ho to bagAvata karanevAloko usase kucha adhika kara dikhAnA cAhiye / andhazraddhA aura andha kriyAnurAgase mAnavabuddhi aura vivekazaktikA ghora apamAna hotA hai; isa vicArase karmakANDakA virodha kiyA jAya to ucita hai, parantu indriyasukhavRtti itane dUra dRSTipAta nahIM kara sakatI yaha bAta jaina darzanako sUjhI, ata eva bauddhoMke samAna adhyAtmacAdI jaina darzanane cArvAka matakA parihAra kiyA / 1 ava cArvAkake pazcAt suprasiddha bauddha darzanake sAtha jaina darzanakI tulanA karate hai / bauddhone bhI anya nAstika matoMkI bhAMti vaidika kriyAkANDakA virodha kiyA hai / parantu inhoMne vizeSa uttama yuktise kAma liyA hai / unakA vaidika karmakANDa para kiyA huvA doSAropaNa yuktibATa para pratiSThita hai| vauddhamatake anusAra jIvakA sukhaduHkha karmAdhIna hai / jo kucha kiyA jAtA hai aura jo kucha kiyA hai usIke kAraNa sukhaduHkha milatA hai / asAra aura mAyAvI bhogavilAsa pAmara jIvoMko pIsa DAlatA hai / sAMsArika sukhake pIche dauDanevAlA jIva janma-janmAntareki bhaMvarameM par3a jAtA hai / isa avirAma duHkha-klezase chuTakArA pAneke liye karmabandhanakA TUTanA Avazyaka hai / karmako sattAse muktaH

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jaina darzanakA sthAna honeke pUrva kukarmaka sthAname sukarmakI sthApanA honI cAhiye / arthAt, bhogalAlasAkA sthAna vairAgya, saMyama, tapa, japako aura hiMsAkA sthAna ahiMsAko milanA cAhiye / ityAdi / vaidikakamoMke anuSThAnase bahusaMkhyaka niraparAdha prANiyokI hiMsA hotI hai / kevala itanA hI nahIM. balki isa karmakA anuSThAna karanevAlA jIva, kRtaka ke balase svargAdi bhogamaya bhUmimeM jAtA hai| isa prakAra vaidika karmakANDa pratyakSa yA parokSa rUpase, jIvake duHkhamaya bhavabhramaNakA eka nimitta banatA hai| vauddha mata isI liye caidika karmakANDakA tyAga karaneko kahatA hai| cauddhokA yaha mukhya vizvAsa hai ki vaidika karmakAMDa hiMsAke pApase raMgA huvA hai tathA vaha pratyakSa yA parokSa rUpase nirvANake pathameM eka antarAyabhUta hai ata eva vaha nirarthaka hai / yahAM yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki bauddha darzana, cArvAka darzanake samAna vedazAsanakA virodha karatA hai tathApi vaha cArvAkoMke bhogavilAsakA prabala virodhI hai| vaidika, karmakANDakA tyAga karane meM kahIM lAlasAke gahare andhakUpameM na phisalA jAya, isa bAtakI bauddha darzana pUrNataH sAvadhAnI rakhatA hai / vaha to. kaThina saMyama aura tyAgase karmakI lohazRMkhalA tor3anekA upadeza detA hai| ___ cauddha darzanake samAna jaina darzana bhI svIkAra karatA hai ki jIva, karmavandhanake kAraNa hI saMsArameM sukhaduHkha bhogatA hai| bauddha matake samAna jaina darzana vedazAsanako amAnya batalAtA hai aura cArvAkoMke indriya-bhogavilAsako dhikkAratA hai / bauddha aura jaina eka svarase ahiMsA aura vairAgyako hI grAhya batalAte hai| vizeSataH ahiMsA aura vairAgya' para jaina mata to khUba hI jora detA hai / isa prakAra vAhya dRSTi se samAnaH

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jinavANI 12 pratIta hote huve bhI jaina aura bauddha darzanameM bahuta bheda hai / bauddha darzanako nIMvameM jo kamajorI hai vaha jaina darzanameM nahIM hai / parIkSA karane para spaSTa mAzhma ho jAyagA ki bauddha matakI sundara aTTAlikAkI nItikI nIva bilkula kaccI hai / vedazAsanako amAnya karanekA upadeza bhI ThIka hai, ahiMsA aura tyAgakA Agraha bhI ThIka hai, karnabandhana toDanekI bAta bhI arthayukta hai, parantu jaba hama bauddha darganase pUchate hai ki-'hama kauna hai ? tuma jise paramapaDha kahakara sAdhya to mAnate ho vaha kyA hai ?' taba vaha jo javAba detA hai vaha sunakara -hama DhaMga raha jAte hai | vaha kahatA hai - "hama yAnI zUnya - arthAt kucha nahIM / " taba kyA hameM hamezA andhakArameM hI Takkara mAranI hogI ? aura antameM bhI kyA sabakoM asArarUpa mahAzUnyameM hI mila jAnA hogA ? isa bhayaMkara mahAnirvANa arthAt anantakAvyApI mahAnistavyatA ke liye manuSya-prANI kaThora saMyamAdi kyoM svIkAra kare ? mahAzUnyake liye "jIvanake sAmAnya sukhako kyoM chor3A jAya ? yaha jIvana nisAra hai to hone do, isake pazcAta jo kucha milanA hai yadi vaha isase bhI adhika ni'sAra ho taba to koI usakI tanika bhI icchA kyoM kare ? sArAMga yaha ki bauddha darzanake isa anAtmavAdase sAdhAraNa manuSyako santoSa prApta nahIM ho sakatA / bauddha dharma eka bAra apanI sattA pUrNata sthApita kara cukA hai aura janatA para prabhAva DAla cukA hai, parantu yaha to koI bhUlakara bhI na kahegA ki isakA kAraNa yaha anAtmavAda thA / bauddhaumeM eka " madhyama mArga " hai / vuddhadeva pradarzita isa mArgameM jo kaThoratA rahita tapazcaryAkA eka prakArakA AkarSaNa thA usake

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jaina darzanakA sthAna kAraNa jaina bhI bauddha darzanakI ora AkRSTa huve the| " mai hUM" yaha anubhava to sabhIko hotA hai / " maiM vAstavameM hUM, maiM chAyAmAtra hI nahIM hUM " yaha to sabhI antaHkaraNase mAnate hai| ___ AtmA anAdi ananta hai, yaha vAta upanipadakI pratyeka paMktimeM uJcala akSaromeM aMkita haiN| vedAnta mI isI bAtakA pracAra karatA hai| AtmA hai, AtmA satya hai, ise kisIne utpanna nahIM kiyA, yaha ananta hai; AtmA janma-janmAntarako prApta hotA hai, sukhaduHkha bhogatA hai, yaha vAta pratIta hotI hai, parantu vAstavame vaha eka asIma sattA hai, jJAna aura Anandake sambadhase asIma aura ananta hai - vedAnta darzanakA yaha mUla pratipAdya viSaya hai| jaina darzanane AtmAkI asImatA aura anantatAko svIkAra karake vedAnta darzanake avirodhI darzanake rUpameM khyAti prApta kI hai| cauddha darzanake anAtmavAdako khabara lene aura AtmAkI ananta sattAkI ghoSaNA karaneme jaina aura vedAnta ekamata ho jAte hai; parantu ye donoM abhinna nahIM hai, donoMme pArthakya hai; vedAnta jIvAtmAkI sattA svIkAra karake hI nahIM ruka jAtA; darzana-saMsArame vaha eka kadama aura Age baDhatA hai aura khullamakhullA kahatA hai ki jIvAtmA aura paramAtmAma koI bheda nahIM hai / vedAnta matake anusAra yaha cidacinmaya vizva, eka advitIya sattAkA vikAsamAtra hai| "maiM vaha hUM", vizvakA upAdAna vahI hai, mai usase bhinna athavA svatantra sattA nahIM hUM, yaha ananta bAhya jagat-jo mujhase svatantra dIkhatA hai - usase pRthak athavA svatantra nahIM hai, eka advitIya sattAkA hI yaha sarva dilAsa hai,

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14 jinavANI Apa aura mai, cit acit aisI koI vastu nahIM hai jo usa *satyasya satyam' se pRthak ho / vedAntakA yaha 'ekamevAdvitIyam' vAda atyanta gaMbhIra aura bahuta pravala hai| parantu sAdharaNa bhanuSya itanI gaharAI taka pahuMca sakatA hai yA nahIM, yaha eka prazna hai / sAdhAraNa manuSya itanA to anubhava kara sakatA hai ki jIvAtmA nAmakI koI eka sattA hai, parantu eka manuSyase dUsaremeM koI bheda hI nahIM hai, mana eka jaDa padArtha hai, anya dRSTigocara padArthoMmeM koI bheda nahIM hai, ina bAtoM para vicAra karanemeM usakI buddhi kuNThita ho jAtI hai| kalpanA kIjiye ki koI buddhimAna puruSa yaha siddhAnta nizcita karatA hai ki, mai anya sabase pRthak I, svatantra hUM, merA anya jar3acetana padArthoke sAtha koI sIdhA sambandha nahIM hai aura isa carAcaravizvameM asaMkhya svatantra padArtha bhare par3e hai, to hama usake isa siddhAntako sarvathA yuktirahita kisa prakAra kaha sakate haiM ? aura saca pUcho to yaha siddhAnta bilkula raddI mAna lene yogya hai bhI nhiiN| saMsArakA adhikAMza bhAga to yahI anubhava karatA hai aura yahI siddhAnta mAnatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vedAnta mata sabake svIkAra karane yogya nahIM rhaa| ____ kapilamunipraNIta prasiddha sAMkhya darzanake matavAda para bhI vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai| vedAntakI bhAMti sAMkhya bhI AtmAko anAdi aura ananta mAnatA hai| parantu vaha AtmAke bahutvase inkAra nahIM krtaa| vedAnta mata aura sAMkhyameM eka aura bhI matabheda hai| sAMkhya matAnusAra syAnmA athavA purupake sAtha prakRti nAmaka eka, acetana hote huve bhI

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jaina darzanakA sthAna kriyAzIla, vizvaracanA-kuzala zakti mila gaI hai| aura ye donoM milakara sava ulaTa phera karate rahate hai| isa prakAra sAMkhya AtmAke anAditva, anantatva aura asImatvako svIkAra karatA hai| isa matameM AtmAko bahusaMkhyA mAnI hai| kapilamata kahatA hai ki, yadyapi puruSase pRthak eka acetana prakRti hai, parantu vaha kisI samaya purupase milI huI pratIta hotI hai| isa vijAtIya prakRtike adhikArase AtmAko alaga karanekA-pRthaka anubhava karanekA -nAma hI mokSa hai| hama dekha cuke haiM ki jaina darzana bhI AtmAko anAdi aura ananta mAnatA hai| kapila darzanake samAna jaina darzana bhI svAdhIna AtmAke sAtha svabhAvataH hI saMlagna eka vijAtIya padArthakA astitva svIkAra karatA hai| evaM sAMkhyake samAna jaina mata bhI AtmAke bahulako mAnatA hai| sAMkhya aura jaina, donoM hI AtmAko vijAtIya padArthaka saMyogase pRthak karaneko mokSa mAnate haiN| ___ yahAM eka anya vAtako ora dhyAna jAtA hai| pratyeka manuSya, - isa prakAra, ki jise vaha svayaM bhI nahIM samajhatA-apanese uccatara, mahattara aura pUrNatara eka Adarzako kalpanA karatA hai / bhaktajana mAnate hai ki eka aisA puruSa, aisA Izvara, prabhu yA paramAtmA hai jo sarva prakArase pUrNa hai| eka aise sumahAn , pavitra, Adarza pUrNa jJAnavAn , vIrya-Anandake AdhAra puruSapradhAnameM svabhAvataH hI manuSyako zraddhA utpanna hotI hai| yadi adbhuta daivI zaktimeM vizvAsa rakhanekA nAma dharma ho to yaha manuSyoMke liye bahuta sarala hai| jJAna, vIrya, pavitratA AdimeM hama bahuta hI pAmara haiM, parimita hai aura parAdhIna hai| ata: jisa viSayameM

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jinavANI hama Age baDhanA cAhate hai, adhikAra prApta karanA cAhate hai, vaha jisameM adhika ujjvala aura adhika pUrNa ho usa zuddha, niSpApa prabhu athavA paramAtmAmeM hamArI zraddhA ho to isameM Azcarya hI kyA hai ? TIkAkAroMkI vAtako choDa de| sAMkhya darzanameM aise kisI zuddha aura paripUrNa paramAtmAko sthAna nahIM hai| pavitra paramAtmAke astitvameM zraddhA rakhanekI manuSyako svAbhAvika preraNA hotI hai / use tRpta karanekA yoga darzanane yatna kiyA hai| sAMkhyake samAna yoga darzana AtmAkI sattA aura saMkhyA mAnatA hai, parantu yaha usase eka kadama aura Age bar3ha jAtA hai| vaha jIvamAtrake adhIzvara eka ananta aura Adarza rUpa paramAtmAkI sattA mAnatA hai| yahAM yoga darzana aura jaina darzanameM 'samAnatA dikhalAI detI hai| yoga darzanake samAna jaina bhI prabhu, paramAtmA yA arihantako mAnate hai| jainoMkA paramAtmA jagatsraSTA nahIM hai tathApi vaha Adarza, paripUrNa, zuddha aura nirdoSa to hai hii| saMsArI jIva ekAgra cittase usakA dhyAna aura usakI pUjA Adi kara sakate hai / ve kahate hai ki paramAtmAkI bhakti, pUjA aura dhyAna-dhAraNAse jIvoMkA kalyANa hotA hai, upAsakako nirmala jJAnakI prApti hotI hai evaM anekavidha bandhanoMmeM jakar3e huve prANIko navIna prakAza aura navIna bala prApta hotA hai| jaina aura pAtaJjala, ye dono darzana uparyukta siddhAntako mAnate hai| ava hama kaNAdapraNIta vaizeSika darzanakI ora Ate hai| saMkSepame, vaizeSika darzanake viSayame yaha kaha sakate hai' AtmA athavA puruSase jo kucha svatantra hai vaha saba prakRtimeM samA jAtA hai, yaha sAMlya aura yoga darzanakA mata hai| isakA tAtparya yaha

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jaina varzanakA sthAna hai ki sat padArthamAtra vizvapradhAnameM vIjarUpase vidyamAna rahatA hai| isa liye kapila aura pataJjaline AkAza, kAla aura paramANuoMke viSayameM tAttvika nirNaya karanekI ora vizeSa dhyAna nahIM diyA / ve kevala yaha kahakara chuTakArA pA jAte haiM ki ye saba prakRtiko vikRti hai| parantu yaha bAta itanI sarala nahIM hai| sAdhAraNa manuSyakI dRSTimeM to dizA, kAla aura paramANu bhI anAda-aura svatantra satpadArtha hai / jarmana dArzanika kANTa kahatA hai ki, diyA aura kAla to manuSyake manameM saMskAramAtra haiM, parantu yaha siddhAnta anta taka na Thahara skaa| bahutase sthAnoMmeM svayaM kANTako hI kahanA par3A hai ki, dizA aura kAlakI bhI apanI svatantra sattA hai| isake atirikta DemokriTsase lekara Aja takake sabhI vaijJAnikoMne paramANukA anAditya aura anantatva svIkAra kiyA hai| kevala kapila aura pataJjali-hI dizA, kAla aura anAditva aura anantatvako svIkAra na kara sake / prakRti aura lakSaNa minna-bhinna hote huve bhI dizA, kAla aura paramANu Adi eka advitIya vizva pradhAnake vikAra kisa prakAra mAne jA sakate hai, yaha bAta samajhama nahIM AnI / tathApi sAMkhya aura yoga darzanane yaha mata aGgIkAra kiyA hai| vaizeSika darzanane paramANu, dizA aura kAlakA anAdica tathA anantatva svIkAra kiyA hai| pratyakSavAdI cAvAMkako to dizA kAlAdike viSayameM vicAra karanekI bhI AvazyakatA,pratIta nahIM huii| dizA aura kAla cAhe hameM satya hI kyoM na pratIta hote hoM, parantu zUnyavAdI bauddha unheM avastu svarUpa hI batalAte hai| vedAntamata bhI isase milatA julatA hI hai| sAMkhya aura yoga matAnusAra diza aura kAla -

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jinavANI cIjarUpase chupe rahate haiM / kevala eka kaNAda mata hI dizA, kAla aura paramANukI svatantra sattA svIkAra karatA hai| vaizeSika darzanake samAna jaina darzana bhI ina sabakI anAditA aura anantatAko svIkAra karatA hai| 24 bhAratIya darzanake suyuktivAda rUpa vRkSake ye saba sundara phalaphUla I hai / nyAya darzanameM yuktiprayogane acchA sthAna prApta kiyA hai| tarkavidyAkI jaTila niyamAvalI isa nyAya darzanako aMgabhUta hai / gautama darzana meM hetujJAnAdikA atyuttama rUpase spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai, parantu jaina darzana to jagatake dArzanika tatvoMkA eka samRddha bhaNDAra hI hai, yaha kahanA kucha atyukti na hogii| jaina darzanameM tarkAdi tattvoMkI sundara, zobhAyamAna AlocanA milatI hai| isa viSayameM jaina darzana aura nyAya darzana meM bahuta kucha sAmya hai / parantu isase yadi koI yaha kahane lage ki nyAya darzanakA adhyayana karaneke pazcAt jaina darzanakA adhyayana karanekI kyA AvazyakatA hai, to vaha avazya dhokhA khaaegaa| ina donoM darzanoMmeM, samAnatA hote huve bhI kucheka bheda hai| jaina darzanameM syAdvAda athavA saptabhaMgI naya nAmaka suvikhyAta yuktivAdakA jo avataraNa pAyA jAtA hai vaha gautama darzanameM bhI nahIM hai / yaha yuktivAda jainoMkA apanA aura unake gauravako samujjvalA karanevAlA hai| isa vivecanase yaha bAta samajhI jA sakatI hai ki, bhAratIya darzanoM meM jaina darzanako kitanA ucca sthAna prApta hai| kucha logone jaina darzanako bauddha darzanake samAna hI mAna liyA thA / lAsena aura vebarane yaha bhUla kI hai| IsvI sanakI sAtavIM zatAbdImeM hyuenasaMga bhI vahI mAna baiThA / kobo aura vularane isa bhramako dUra kiyA / isane jaina darzanako svatantra

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jaina darzanakA sthAna hI ghoSita nahIM kiyA balki yaha bhI siddha kiyA ki yaha buddhake pahile bhI thaa| maiM yahAM purAtattva saMbandhI viSayakI carcA karanA nahIM caahtaa| maiMne pahile hI kaha diyA hai ki jinheM cauddha aura jaina dharmakA pravartaka mAnA jAtA hai, unase bhI vahuta pahile ye dharma , vidyamAna the| vauddha dharmako na to buddhane utpanna kiyA hai aura na jaina dharmakA AviSkAra mahAvIra svAmIne hI sarvaprathama kiyA hai| jisa virodhase upaniSadokA prAdurbhAva huvA hai usI virodhase-vedazAsana aura karmakANDake viruddha - jaina aura bauddha prakaTa huve hai| hyuenasaMgane jaina dharmako baudvadharmAntargata kyoM samajha liyA yaha bAta isase bhalI bhAMti prakaTa hai| vaha jaba bhAratavarSa meM AyA taba bauddha dharmakA prabala pratApa thA / jainoMke samAna hI bauddha bhI ahiMsA aura tyAgakA upadeza dete the| vaidika kriyAkANDake viruddha bauddhAMne jo balavA kiyA thA usameM ahiMsA aura nyAga ye donoM zastra bacAva aura AkramaNa donoM hI kAryoMmeM vinA saMkoca prayukta kiye jAte the| avaidika sampradAya bhI ahiMsA aura tyAMgake pakSapAtI the| vaidika yajJa hiMsAse lisa the aura isa loka tathA paralokake kSaNika sukhake liye hI kiye jAte the| jaina sampradAyane vedazAsanakA virodha kiyA aura ahiMsA tathA vairAgya para khUba jora diyaa| isase sAdhAraNa dRSTi se dekhanevAloMko bauddha tathA jaina mata eka jaisA dikhalAI diyaa| eka videzI musAphira upayukta kathanAnusAra bAhya rUpa dekhakara bauddha tathA jaina matako eka mAna le to isameM AzcaryakI koI bAta nahIM hai / isake atarikta donoM sampradAyoMmeM AcAra - vicAra bhI kucha samAna the| pastu donoM mata tAtvika dRSTi se pUrNataH

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20 / , jinavANI bhinna hai yaha bAta aba bahuta loga samajhane lage hai| udAharaNArtha hama kaha sakate hai ki, saMsArake bhaNika sukhoMkA tyAga karake khuba kaThora saMyama pAlana karanA - jIvanako kramazaH vizuddha banAnA - aura mokSa prApta karanA yaha pratyeka bhAratIya darzanakA uddezya hotA hai| parantu itanese hama sabhI darzanoMko tAttviki dRSTise eka nahIM kaha skte| jisa prakAra uttara aura dakSiNa dizA eka dUsarese bhinna aura svatantra hai usI prakAra darzana aura siddhAnta bhI bAharase samAna mAlUma hote huve bhI bhinna aura svatantra ho sakate hai / eka samaya aisA thA ki jaba bauddha aura jaina pUrNa tyAgako apanA Adarza mAnate the, ata eva AcaromeM bhI sAmAnya sAdRzya dikhalAI detA thA, parantu vAstavame ve bhinna the| yaha kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai ki, ekane dUsarese amuka nIti grahaNa kI hai| hAM, yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki, vaidika saMpradAyaka niSThura kriyAkalApake viruddha jo viplaba huvA usame donoMko samAna rUpase sAmanA karanA par3A ho-eka samAna kilebaMdI karanI paDI ho|.. / / jarA gaharAIse vicAra kare to mATama hogA ki, jaina aura bauddha dharma eka dUsarese bhinna aura svatantra hai| cauddha kevala zUnyako pakar3e baiThe hai, jaina aneka padArthokI sattA mAnate hai| bauddha matame AmAkA astica nahIM hai, . paramANukA astitva nahIM hai, diyA, kAla aura dharma (gatisahAyaka) kA astitva bhI nahIM hai / Izvarako bhI ve nahIM maante| parantu jaina mata ina sabakI sattA svIkAratA hai, vauddha matAnusAra nirvANa prAptikA artha hai zUnyameM mila jAnA, parantu jaina matameM mukta jIvoMko ananta jJAna-darzana-cAritramaya tathA Anandamaya mAnA

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jaina darzanakA sthAna gayA hai aura yaho vAstavika jIvana hai| cauddha darzana aura jaina darzanake 'karma' kA artha bhI bhinna hai / jaina dharma bauddha dharmako zAkhA nahIM hai yaha to sahaja hI siddha ho jAtA hai / cauddha darzanakI apekSA sAMkhya darzanase jaina darzana adhika milatA huvA pratIta hotA hai| sAMkhya aura jaina ye donoM vedAntake advaita bAdako nahIM mAnate aura AtmAke bahutvako svIkAra karate haiM / isake atirikta ye donoM, jIvase bhinna ajIva tattva bhI mAnate haiN| parantu isase hama yaha nahIM kaha sakate ki, ekane dUsarese kucha mAMgA hai yA eka mUla hai aura dUsarA zAkhA / vArokIse dekha to mAma hogA ki sAMkhya aura jaina matakA bAhya rUpa samAna hota huve bhI bhItara bahuta bheda hai| udAharaNa svarUpa sAMkhya darzanane ajIva tatva 7 arthAt prakRti eka hI-mAnI haiM, parantu jaina darzanameM anIvake pAMca mer3ha hai, aura ina pAMca meM pahala to anantAnanta paramANumaya hai| sAMkhya kevala do hI tatva mAnatA hai, kintu jaina darzanameM bahutase tatva haiM / eka mukhya antara yaha bhI hai ki, kapila (sAMkhya) darzana adhikAMzameM caitanyavAdI mAlUma hotA hai para jainadradazarna jaDavAdake nikaTa pahuMcatA huvA pratIta hotA hai| * 1 isa sthala para kisIko yaha samajha baiThane kI bhUla na karanI cAhiye ki mAMkhya darzana pUryata caitanyavAdI hai aura jaina darzana pUrNataH jar3avAdI / lekhakakA Azaya yaha nahIM hai / (gujarAtI anuvAdaka zrI suzIla ). * yahAM, sAkhya darzana pUrgata caitanyavAdI hai aura jaina darzana pUrNataH t r

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- jinavANI ' sAMkhya darzanakA adhyayana karalevAleko sabase pahile yaha jijJAsAhotI hai ki, " prakRtikA svarUpa kyA hai| yaha jar3asvarUpa hai yA caitanyasvarUpa " prakRtiko sarvAMgata jar3a to kaha hI nahIM sakate: sAdhAraNataH hama jise jaDa kahate hai vaha to prakRtikI vikRti-kriyAkA antima pariNAma hotA hai| taba prakRtiko kyA samajhA jAya ? sAMkhya darzanane prakRtikA aspaSTa lakSaNa kiyA hai ki, pRthak pRthaka bhAvavAle guNoMkI sAmyAvasthAkA nAma prakRti hai| parantu indriya-grAhya uparyukta jar3a paDhArtha vibhinnabhAvI guNatrayakI sAmyAvasthArUpa to hai nahIM, yaha to pratyakSa hI hai| 'bahu ke bhItara jo 'eka' hai. vividha saMgharSaNaparAyaNa guNajar3avAdI hai aisA samajhanA nahIM caahie| lekhaka isa ullekhase ajIva tattvako hI saTa karate haiN| yahA lekhakakA kahanA nimna prakAra hai sAkhyake ajIva tattvameM kevala eka prakRti hI hai, jo AdhyAtmika padArtha hai| umamese buddhitattva prakaTa hotA hai tathA pAMca idriya aura tanmAtrAe bhI utpanna hotI haiN| ata sAkhya darzanakI prakRti vastuta jaDa nahIM hai, kinnu caitanya rUpa hai| jaina darzanake rAjIva tatvameM bhinna bhinna pAca dravya haiM, ve sabhI nirjIka haiN| ata. jaina darzanake ajIvatattva jar3a haiM na ki caitanyarUpa / lekhaka mahodaya bhI upamahArama isa Azayako hI saSTa karate haiN| jaisA ki "uparyukta kathanAnusAra sAMkhyakathita ajIvatattva yAne prakRtikA adhyAtmapadArthaka rUpameM pariNamana kiyA jA sakatA hai, parantu jaina darzanake majIvatatvoMko kisI prakAra bhI jIvasvabhAvakI koTimeM nahIM rakkhA jA sktaa"| (dekhie pRSTha 25) "(naiyAyikake) mahAbhUta aura adRSTa ye donoM jar3a hai|" (pRSTha 33) (ma zrIdarzanavijayajI)

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jaina darzanakA sthAna paryAyoMke andara bhI jo apanA ekatva athavA advitIyatva sthira raka sakatA hai use to jar3a padArtha kahanekI apekSA adhyAtmapadArtha kahanA adhika ucita hai / bhUyodarzana aura tatvavicAra bhI isI siddhAntakA samarthana karate hai| bhinna bhinna bhAvavAle tIna guNoke dvArA viziSTa prakRti yadi satata jagatavivartarUpI kriyA kara rahI ho to use adhyAtma padArtha hI mAnanA par3egA / isakA isa prakAra yaha artha huvA ki, vibhinna guNatrayako prakRtike AtmavikAsame prakAratraya mAnA jAya / prakRtiko svabhAvataH ekAnta vibhinna guNatrayakA acetana saMgharSakSetra ho mAnA jAya to prakRti se koI padArtha bhI utpanna nahIM ho sktaa| prakRtiko adhyAtma padArtha mAne to jagatavikAsakA spaSTIkaraNa ho jAtA hai| prakRtike utpanna kiye huve tatvomeM pahilA tattva mahattattva athavA buddhitattva hai| yaha pattharake samAna jar3a nahIM hai, yaha to adhyAtma padArtha hai| isake bAda indriya, paJca tanmAtrA aura dhIre dhIre mahAbhUtoMkI utpatti mAnI gaI hai| yadi prakRtiko pUrNata jaDa mAne to usase vizvotpatti honA eka arthahIna vyApAra ho jaay| mahattattva athavA ahaMkAra adhyAtma padArtha hai, aura kapila munikA mata hai ki, kArya tathA kAraNa eka hI svabhAvake padArtha hote hai / ata eva prakRtimAtAse utpanna tatvoMkI bhAMti svayaM prakRti bhI adhyAtma padArtha hI hai yaha mAnanA yuktisaMgata hai| yadi prakRtiko pUrNata: jar3a mAne to jar3a svabhAvavAlI paMca tanmAtrAse pUrva, uparyukta do adhyAtma padArthIkA janma kisa prakAra huvA hogA, yaha-samajhameM nahIM aataa| niSkarSa yaha ki prakRtiko adhyAtma padArtha

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24 jinavANI mAne binA kAma hI nahIM cala sakatA / prakRti bIjarUpI cita par3hArtha hai / isake pUrNa vikAsake liye sarvaprathama lakSyajJAna tathA AtmajJAnakI AvazyakatA hotI hai aura usameMse vRddhi tathA ahaMkArakA janma hotA hai / isake pazcAt prakRti apanemeMse AtmavikAsake kAraNasvarUpa, AvazyakatAnusAra dhIre dhIre indriya, tanmAtrA aura mahAbhUtAdi jar3a tattva utpanna karatI hai / isa prakAra prakRtiko adhyAtma padArtha aura usakI santatiko usake ( prakRtike) AtmavikAsakA sAdhanarUpa mAnanese sAMkhyakathita jagata-vivarta-kriyA bhalI bhAMti samajhameM A jAtI hai / prakRtitattvako adhyAtma padArtha mAne binA aura kAI cArA hI nahIM / prAcIna kAlameM kisIne aisI kalpanA nahIM kI thI yaha bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA / kaThopaniSadakI tIsarI ballIke nimmalikhita 10, 11 ilokameM prakRtiko anyAtmasvabhAvarUpameM prakaTa kiyA hai / isase yaha bhI pratIta hotA hai ki sAMkhya darzanako vedAnta darzanameM pariNata karanekA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| indriyebhyaH parArthAH arthabhyazca paraM manaH / manasazca parA buddhirbuddherAtmA mahAn paraH // 10 // . mahataH paramavyaktamavyaktAt puruSaH paraH / puruSAna paraM kiMcit sA kASTA sA parA gatiH // 11 // indriyoMse artha (indriyArtha ) zreSTha hai, arthase mana zreSTha hai, manase vRddhi, buddhi se mahadAtmA, mahadAtmAse avyakta aura avyaktase puruSa zreSTha hai / puruSako apekSA anya kucha adhika zreSTha nahIM hai / puruSa hI sImA aura zreSTha gati hai / jaina darzanakA mantavya isase sarvathA bhinna hai / jaina darzana ajIva

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jaina darzanakA sthAna tattva mAnatA hai / vaha ekase adhika to hai hI, isake sAtha hI, use (ajIvako ) anAtmasvabhAva bhI mAnA hai| / / uparyukta kathanAnusAra sAMkhyakathita ajIvatattva yAne prakRtikA adhyAtmapadArthake rUpameM pariNamana kiyA jA sakatA hai, parantu jaina darzanake ajIvatattvoMko kisI prakAra bhI jIvasvabhAvakI koTimeM nahIM rakkhA jA sktaa| ajIva pAMca hai - pudgala nAmaka jar3a paramANu, dharma nAmaka gatitatva (dharmAstikAya ), adharma nAmaka sthititattva (adharmAstikAya), kAla aura AkAga / ye saba yA to jar3a padArtha hai yA unake shkaarii| isake atirikta jaina matameM AtmAko astikAya arthAt parimANaviziSTa rUpameM dikhalAyA hai| AtmAmeM karmajanita lezyA athavA varNabheda bhI mAnA hai| jaina darzanameM AtmAko atizaya laghu padArtha aura UrdhvagatizIla mAnA hai| yaha sava bAte sAMkhyase asamAna-bhinna hai / ___maiMne jo Upara kahA hai ki sAMkhya darzana adhikAMzameM caitanyavAdake nikaTa pahuMcatA hai aura jaina darzana kitane hI sthAnoMmeM jar3acAdake pAsa pahuMcatA huvA dikhalAI detA hai, isakA bhAvArtha uparyukta vivecanase kucha samajhameM A sakatA hai| , . sAMkhya darzanase jaina darzana svatantra hai| sAMkhyase jaina darzanakI utpatti batalAnA mithyA hai / jisa prakAra ina donome aneka viSayomeM sAmya hai usI prakAra pArthakya mI hai| eka hI bAta lIjiye -sAMkhya darzanameM AtmAko nirvikAra aura niSkriya mAnA hai, parantu jaina darzana kahatA hai ki usakA to svabhAva hI paripUrNatA prApta karaneke liye

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26 jinavANI yatna karanA hai, itanA hI nahIM, balki vaha ananta kriyAzaktikA AdhAra bhI haiN| saMkSepameM kahe to bharhata darzana suyuktimUlaka darzana hai: yukti aura nyAya para hI vaha pratiSTita hai / vaidika karmakANDake virodhane ise prabala zaktizAlI banAyA / nAstika cArvAka isake sAmane uha nahIM sakatA / bhAratavarSake anya darzanaki samAna jaina darzanake bhI apane mUla sUtra, tattvavicAra aura matAmata Adi hai / jaina aura vaizeSika darzanameM bhI itanA sAmya hai ki, sAdhAraNa rItise dekhanevAloMko inameM vizeSa bhedra mAlUma nahIM ho sakatA / paramANu, dizA, kAla, gati aura AtmA Adi tatvavi cAgmaM ye donoM darzana lagabhaga samAna hai, parantu pArthakya dekhe to bhI bahuta adhika pAyA jAyagA / vaizeSika darzana vividhatAvAdI honekA dAvA karatA haiM, parantu IzvarakI sattA mAnakara vaha ekacavADhakI ora jAtA hai. kintu jaina darzana apane vividha tattvoM para acala khaDA hai / upasaMhArameM me yaha kaha denA cAhatA hUM ki, jaina darzana vizeSa vizepa bAtomeM bauddha, cArvAka, vedAnta, sAMkhya, pAtaMjala, nyAya aura vaiASika darzanake samAna pratIta hotA hai, tathApi vaha eka svatantra darzana hai| vaha apanI unnati yA utkarSake liye kimIkA RNI nahIM hai / apane bahuvidha tattvoMke viSayameM vaha pUrNata svatantra hai aura usakA bhI apanA vyaktitva hai /

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jaina dRSTise Izvara . . Izvara kyA hai ? sAdhAraNa manuSya mAnate hai ki grahoM aura nakSatroMse bharapUra isa ananta vizvakA koI kA honA Avazyaka hai| isa kartAkI AjJAse' sUrya, candrakA niyamita rUpase udaya hotA hai, isIke zAsanake AdhIna hokara vAyu avirAma-binA ghaDIbhara vizrAma liye-calatA hai / isIkI AjJAse varSA AtI hai, jisase saMtApa zAnta hotA hai, pazu-pakSI, taru-latA, jIva-jantu navajIvana prApta karate hai| kartA na ho to yaha sukhaduHkhamaya jagata aisA nityanUtana, vicitra aura niyamabaddha raha hI nahIM sktaa| yadyapi dikhalAI nahIM detA tathApi loga kahate hai ki eka sraSTA to honA hI cAhiye aura vahI Izvara hai| kevala hindU nahIM, IsAhI, musalamAna aura yahUdI bhI aise sRSTikartAko Izvara mAnate hai| 'pAzcAtya darzanameM 'sraSTAvADha' 'thi-dajma (Theism)' nAmase prasiddha hai| sraSTAvAdake samarthanameM una logoMkA kucha aisA mata hai ki, eka ghar3I lo, usakI suI aura spriMga Adi dekho aura jAMca karo kiye saba kisa prakAra niyamita rUpase apanA kArya karate hai| isase Apako vizvAsa hogA ki aisA yatna kisI buddhimAna vyakti ke binA nahIM bana sakatA / ghaDI dekhakara Apako yaha khayAla avazya AyagA ki isakA koI kartA avazya hai| aba Apa asIma ananta AkAzakI tarapha dekhiye, aura vicAra kIjiye kI kitane graha nakSatra apanI

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jinavANI 28 maryAdAke bhItara vyavasthita rUpase vicarate hai| Apako kahIM bhI gar3abar3a dikhalAI na degii| akAza hI kyoM, pRthvI ke garbha meM gaharAI meM jAkara - dekhiye, ekake Upara dUsarI, dUsare para tIsarI, isa prakAra kitanI taha Upara nIce bichI huI haiM ? yaha pRthvI eka samaya bhAphake piMDake samAna thii| isa para na jAne kitane saMskAra honeke pazcAt yaha hamAre jaise manuSyoM aura anya asaMkhya prANiyAM ke rahane yogya banI hai / vRkSa, patra, phUla, phalATikA vikAsa dekhiye isa kramavisAkI avicchinna dhArAmeM Apako kisI parama budvizAlIkA hAtha pratIta nahIM hotA ? aura saba bAteM eka ora rahane dIjiye, kevala garIrake viSayameM hI vicAra kIjiye / pazu-pakSiyoMke aMga pratyaMgokI racanAmeM kitanI cAturI aura dUradRSTise kAma liyA gayA hai ! manuSyoMke aGgopAGgako racanA kitanI adbhuta hai ! pAzcAtya sraSTAvAdI loga isa prakAra anekoM pramANa dekara kahate haiM ki, eka buddhimAna kartA avazya hI honA caahiye| vahI Izvara hai| usakI ananta karuNA jaganmRSTi rUpameM hI prakAzita ho rahI hai / prAcIna kAlameM bhArata meM bhI kartAvADhake pakSameM lagabhaga aisI hI yuktiyAM dI jAtI thIM / naiyAvika isa bAdake bar3e paripoSaka mAne jAte hai / zaMkaramizra kahate hai eva karmApi kAryamapIzvare lihaM tathAhi / kSityAdikaM sakartRkaM kAryatvAt ghaTavaditi // 7 4 1 : arthAt ghaDA eka, kArya-padArtha hai, kumbhakAra isakA kartA hai / isI prakAra pRthvI Adi kArya hai / inakA bhI eka kartA- Izvara hai / nyAya-matako vyAkhyA karate huve eka AcArya kahate haiM-"

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29. Izvara kyA hai? ___ "vivAdapadabhUtaM bhUbhUdharAdi buddhimadvidheyaM, yato nimittAdhInAtmalAmaM, yad nimittAdhInAtmalAmaM tad vuddhimadvidheyaM, yathA mandiraM, tathA punarevada, tena tathA-" ___ arthAt pRthvI, parvatAda kArya-padArtha hai, ye nimittavaza utpanna hote hai; nimittavaza utpanna hote hai isa liye inakA koI kartA honA caahiye| udAharaNArtha mandirako lIjiye / yaha mAnanA hI par3egA ki mandirakA kartA koI eka buddhimAna vyakti avasya hogA / isI prakAra yaha bhI mAnanA par3atA hai ki pRthvI parvatAdikA bhI eka buddhimAn sraSTA hai| nyAyAcAA~ke matAnusAra pRthvI parvatAdi kAryapadArtha hai, kyoM ki ve sAvayava hai arthAt choTe choTe paramANuoMkI racanA hai| paramANu svayaM to acetana hai, unakA saMyojaka cetanAviziSTa koI budvimAn kartA honA hI cAhiye / vaha kartA hI Izvara hai| Izvara karuNAvata hokara saSTikI,racanA karatA hai| saMkSepameM nyAyAcAyA~kA yaha mata hai| , --' thI-Ima' athavA pAzcAtya, naSTAvAdake viruddha anekoM pramANa diye jA sakate hai / bahutase dArzanika kahate hai ki, jagatakI utpattimeM buddhimattAkI. to koI bAta hI nahIM hai / graha-nakSatrAdimeM jo eka prakArakI vyavasthA dekhI jAtI hai vaha to jar3a padArtha sambandhI niyamakA hI phala hai; yaha buddhizAlI Izvarako vyavasthA nahIM hai / pRthvIke dharAtaloMmeM bhI kahIM kisI kArIgarakI karAmata nahIM hai| isameM bhI jar3a padArtha sambandhI niyama hI mukhya kAma karate hai| jIva-jantukI utpattimeM bhI jar3a prakRtikI lIlA hI kArya karatI hai. buddhi yA kalAkA isameM koI kAma nahIM hai / prANiyoMkI garIraracanAmeM bhI kramavikAsake ati

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30 / jinavANI rikta aura kucha nahIM hai / Aja bhI jIvoMkoM kaI aMgapratyaMga vyartha hI vahana karane par3ate hai, itanA hI nahIM, vehI aMga aneka bAra ghAtaka bhI siddha hote hai / dhyAnapUrvaka saMsArakI vicitratA dekho to, na jAne roja kitane jova vyartha hI mara jAte hai, kitanoM hI ko asamaya apanI jIvanalIlA saMvaraNa karanI par3atI hai| yaha saba dekhaneke bAda kitane hI dArganikone sraSTAvADhako tilAbali de dI hai / ve kahate hai ki, Izvarako sRSTiracanAkI AvazyakatA pratIta huI yaha kahakara to hama use asImase sImita, maryAdita aura choTA banA dete hai| Izvara karuNAmaya hai, yaha bAta mAnane yogya nahIM hai / samasta saMsAra khUdamAro - khojaDAloM, kahIM karuNAkA nAma nahIM milegaa| jagatameM kitane roga dukha dete hai ? kitanI anAtha vidhavAeM ThaMDI Ahe bharatI hai? kitane mAvApa apanI santAnoMkI akAla mRtyu para bilakhate haiM / kitane bhUkampa Ate haiM ? kitane julmositama hote hai - yaha saba dekhakara kisI sUkSma dRSTi se dekhanevAleko kahIM bhI IzvarakI karuNAkA lezamAtra bhI na milegaa| nyAya darzana-nirUpita IzvaravAdako viruddha jainAcAryone zaMkA kI inhoMne prazna kiyA-ki, pRthvI Adiko sAvayava kyoM mAneM : dravyase ye anAdi hai yaha to Apa naiyAyika bhI mAnate haiM, paryAyase yaha avazya manitya athavA utpatti-vinAga-gIla hai; parantu itane hI se yaha kaise siddha kiyA jA sakatA hai ki isakA koI nirmAtA- kartA Izvara hai ? AtmAke bhI vividha paryAya hai aura vaha avasthAntarako bhI prApta hotA hai, tathApi naiyAyika AtmAko kArya-padArtha nahIM maante| aba yadi kahA jAya ki Izvara paMcabhUtake putalese bhinna prakArakA Transcendent

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Izvara kyA hai? Being (sarvazreSTha) hai to usakA aura paramANukA saMbandha hI kisa prakAra saMbhava ho sakatA hai / vRkSase gAkhAeM nikalatI hai aura unameM patra puSpa Ate hai, isameM vuddhimAnIkI kyA bAta hai ? pAzcAtya paNDitoMkI bhAMti jaina bhI kahate hai ki Izvarako sRSTikartA mAnanese vaha bhI hamAre jaisA amukta-sasIma puruSa Anthropomorphic vana jAtA hai / jainAcArya prabhAcandrane kahA hai mAnavikI prayatnAdhAratA hi kartRtAna sazarIretaratA ityapyasaMgataM, zarIrAbhAve tadAdhAratvasyApyasaMbhavAva,mukAtmavat-" arthAt yadi Izvarako jagakartA mAne to use zarIradhArI mAnanA par3egA, kyoM ki zarIrake binA jagatake samAna bRhad sAvayava padArtha vana ho nahIM sktaa| naiyAyika kahate hai ki zarIrakI aisI koI vizeSa AvazyakatA nahIM hai, jagatracanA saMbandhI Izvarake jJAna, cikIrSA aura prayatna hI paryApta hai / jainoMka pAsa isakA bhI uttara hai / ve kahate hai ki garIra hI na ho to jJAna, cikIrSA aura prayatna kahAM rahe ? muktAtmAke samAna Izvara yadi zarIra rahita ho to usameM prayatnakA honA saMbhava nahIM hai / aisA Izvara saMsArakI racanA nahIM kara sktaa| niSkarSa yaha huA ki, Izvarako sRSTikartA mAna lenese use zarIradhArI mAnanA Avazyaka hai aura vaha zarIradhArI huvA to basa hamAre jaisA maryAdita aura choTA ho jAyagA / Izvagne karuNAse prerita hokara isa sRSTikI racanA kI hai, isa matake sambandhame pAzcAtya nirIzvaravAdiyoM ke samAna prameyakamalamArtaNDakAra kahate haiM "na hi karuNAvatAM yAvanAzarIrotpAdakatvena prANinAM duHkhotpAdakatvaM yukam-"

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jinavANI Izvara karuNAmaya hai to usane aisA zarIra kyoM banAyA hai ki jisase jIvako aisI aisI yAtanAeM bhoganI paDe ? 'manuSyako saMsArameM bahuvidha duHkha bhogane par3ate hai, isake liye sRSTikartA Izvara svayaM uttaradAtA hai' - isa AkSepase Izvarako mukta karaneke liye thiIsTa ( IzvaravAdI) kahate hai ki, manuSya jaisA botA hai vaisA kATatA hai| manuSya svayaM hI apane duHkhake liye uttaradAtA hai| Izvara to manuSyoMke sukhake liye nirantara prayatna karatA rahatA hai| aisA prabandha kiyA gayA hai ki IzvarIya vyavasthAse sadaiva prANIko sukha hI mile / manuSya apane lobha, chalakapaTa Adike kAraNa duHkha, roga, zokameM phaMsa jAe to Izvara kyA kare / Izvarako bIcameM phaMsAnekI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / isa bacAvako yathArtha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| kyoM ki hama aneka bAra sajjana purupako duHkha aura zoka-saMtApake bhArI bhArase dabA huvA dekhate hai| prAcIna yahUdI kahate the ki, 'Izvarane to manuSyoMke liye sAdhAraNataH sukhakI ho vyavasthA kI thI, parantu manuSya sIdhe rAste para na calA / yaha ulTe rAste para calA isI liye bAga-e-adanase bahiSkRta kiyA gyaa| isa atyanta prAcIna kAlake pApakA daMDa manuSyajAti Aja bhoga rahI hai / isI pApake pariNAma svarUpa manuSya vaMzaparamparAse roga, zoka, mRtyu Adi yantraNAeM bhoga rahA hai| kaisI vicitra vAta hai ? Adama aura Ipake pApakI sajA, AdikAlase lekara isa samaya taka unake vaMzajoMko bhoganI par3atI hai, isameM IzvarakI karuNA kahAM rahI ? bhAratavarSa manuSya jAtike duHkha, kaSTa, janma aura jarA mRtyuke saMbandhameM jo spaSTIkaraNa karatA hai vaha bucha yuktisaMgata

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13 Izvara kyA hai? hai| naiyAyika Adi bhAratIya dArzanika mAnate hai ki sukhaduHkha jIvake apane karmAkA pariNAma hai / karmaphala athavA adRSTake kAraNa jIva janma janmAntarameM bhogAyatana dehAdi prApta karake karmAnusAra sukhaduHkhAdi bhogatA hai| Izvara karuNAmaya hai tathApi jIvako apane adRSTake kAraNa, dukha, bhogane par3ate hai| naiyAyika isa viSayameM jo dalIla dete hai vaha samajhameM Ane yogya hai / ve kahate hai ki mahAbhUtadise deha banatI hai| parantu vaha deha kisa prakArake bhogoMke liye anukUla ho; yaha bAta adRSTaH para nirbhara hai| mahAbhUta aura adRSTa donoM acetana hai, ata eva mahAbhUta aura adRSTakI sahAyatAke liye, jIvako usake karmakA badalA deneke vAste, eka sacetana kartAkI AvazyakatA hai| nyAyAcAryoMke matAnusAra vaha kartA hI Izvara hai| . . , / / / - naiyAyikokI isa dalIlakA jaina uttara dete haiM ki- Izvara karuNAmaya hone para bhI yadi jIvake duHkha dUra na kara sake, bhogAyatana dehAdikA AdhAra yadi adRSTa para hI ho, to phira Izvara mAnanekI AvazyakatA hI kyA rahatI hai ? jIva svakRta karmIkai kAraNa anAdikAlase isa saMsArameM bhaTakatA hai, vividha deha dhAraNa karake karmaphala bhogatA hai, basa itanAkaha denese hI saba mAmalA nibaTa jAtA hai| yadi yaha kahA jAyA ki acetana paramANuoMse sacetana IzvarakI sahAyatAke binA kisa prakAra deha dhAraNa kI jA sakatI hai, to jaina isake uttarameM kahate hai ki kamapudgala hai arthAta paramANuoMkA yaha svabhAva hai ki jIvake rAgadveSAnusAra karma-pudgala svayaM hI jIvameM Azraya prApta karate hai / aura isIse bhogAyatana dehAdi hote hai / sArAMzataH jaina siddhAntAnusAra jagatsraSTA nahIM hai|

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34 jinavANI Izvara kartA nahIM ho sktaa| taba phira Izvarako kyA samajheM ? pAzcAtya vidvAnoMmeM kucha aise dArzanika hai jo yaha mAnate haiM ki sraSTA aura jIvako bhinna mAnanese sraSTA choTA bana jAtA hai, ata eva ve Izvarake atirikta anya kisI bhI sattA yA satvako nahIM maante| ye dArzanika "pAna-thi-isTa" nAmase prasiddha haiN| prAcIna grIka dArzanikA pAmoneDisa tathA IliyATika saMpradAyake darzanameM 'pAna-thI-ijma' kA AmAsa pAyA jAtA hai / pleToke siddhAntoMko erisToTalane jo navIna rUpa diyA hai usa meMbhI yaha 'pAna thI-ijma' athavA 'vizvadevavAda' bharA hai| madhya yugameM AbhAroisa bahuta prasiddha 'vizvadevavAdI' thaa| tatvadarzI-ziromaNi spinoz2A vartamAna yorupake vizvadevavAdakA bar3A pravartaka mAnA jAtA hai| suprasiddha hIgela, zopanahAra Adi jarmana dArzanika 'pAna-thi-isTa' mAne jAte haiN| vizvadevavAdakA mUla sUtra yaha hai ki jIva yA ajIva, jagatake samasta padArtha ekAnta sat haiM aura satmAtra Izvarake vikAsa evaM pariNati svarUpa hai; Izvara sivAya aura kucha hai hI nhiiN| pRthak pRthak jIva tumheM bhale hI dikhalAI deM, parantu mUlameM to eka hI hai / IzvarakI sattAke kAraNa hI saba sattAvAna haiM, Izvarake prANase hI saba prANavAn hai / basa, eka Izvara hI Izvara hai, aura kucha hai hI nahIM / jagat pRthak hai, eka alaga sattA hai yaha kevala bhrama hai| ___ bhAratavarSameM bhI ati prAcIna kAlase advaitavAdI isI prakAra jagatake padArthasamUhakI sattA tathA vividhatAko avagaNanA karake " brahma satyaM

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virakyA hai? jaganmidhyA' kA mantra sunA rahe hai| mAyAvAda brahmAdvaitavAdakA rUpAntaramAtra hai| isake anusAra brahma hI akhaNDa advitIya sat hai| sattAmAtra hai"| jIva ajIva ye saba asat hai| kevala eka brahma hI sat hai| yadi koI kahe "maiM hUM, vaha hai, tuma ho" to yaha saba avidyAvilAsa hai| vAstavameM to na to 'maiM' hI kucha hai, na 'tuma' hai aura na 'vaha' hI hai / yadi kucha hai to basa 'ekamevAdvitIyam ' brahma hI hai| yaha nitya-niraMjana brahma mAyAke pratApase brahmANDake 'Izvara 'rUpase pratIta hotA hai| yo lokatrayamAvizya vimartyavyaya IzvaraH / aura yahI nitya-niraMjana, advitIya brahma,avidyAke kAraNa vividha nAma tathA rUpavAlA hokara vaha jIva rUpameM pratIta hotA hai| vAstavameM to kevala brahma hI hai / mAyAke AvaraNamese isako dekhate haiM to yaha Izvara pratIta hotA hai; aura avidyA ke andhakArameM ise dekhate hai to yaha 'ekamevAdvitIyam' anantavidha aura anantasaMkhyaka jIvarUpa dIkhatA hai| jIva svayaM hI Izvara hai, jIva svayaM hI brahma hai| pAna-thi-ijmake yuktivAdake doSa bahutase dArzanikone khoja nikAle haiN| jagatakI vastuoM aura bhAvanAoMkA svarUpa nirNaya karanA tattvavidyAkA uddezya hai| isa prakArake prayatnoMse darzanakA janma hotA hai / vizvadevavAda jagatakI prakRtikA nirNaya karaneke badale jagatako hI samUla ukhAr3a detA hai| isakI kI huI saMsArakI vyAkhyA kitanI vicitraH hai ! yaha to saMsArakI vastuoM aura bhAvanAoMkI satyatAkA svIkAra karanese

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36 , jinavANI bhI inkAra karatA hai / yaha bAta kauna mAnegA ? jagatake itane padArthoMmeM kisI prakArakA rUpabheda nahIM hai, saba hI kisI eka mahAsattA (Pure Being ) ke vikAsamAtra haiM, saba eka hai - yaha siddhAnta kyA pratyakSaviruddha sA pratIta nahIM hotA ? jIvAmeM kucha bheda na ho| vastutaH samasta jIva kisI eka mahAsattAke vikAsamAtra ho to phira 'svAdhIna icchA' ( Freedom of will ) to kucha vastuhIna rahI? taba to jIva jo acche bure karma karegA, usake liye koI uttaradAtA ho na hogA / aura jaba pApa puNya hI na rahA to phira muktikI bAta hI kyA kI jAya ? ____prAcIna kAlame bhAratame jainAcAryoMne brahmAdvaitavAdiyoko kucha aise hI utkaTa uttara diye hai| ve kahate hai- "yadi Apa jagatako ekAnta asat athavA kAlpanika sattAke samAna mAnate hoM to phira ApakI apanI sattA bhI nahIM rhtii| Apa jo kahate hai ki jagat sat padArtha jaisA kevala dIkhatA hI hai, vAstava meM nahIM hai, isake yatheSTa pramANa Apa nahIM de sakate, ata eva ApakA kahanA mAnA nahIM jA sktaa| jagat sat hai yaha bAta to pratyakSa jJAnase bhI siddha hotI hai| jagatakI anekAneka vastueM aura vividhatA Apa pratyakSa AMkhose dekha sakate hai| AMkhase dIkhane para bhI na mAnA jAya, yaha vAta Apa kisa AdhAro para kahate haiM ? brahmarUpa AtmA yadi sat padArtha ho to brahmake samAna sadrUpa pratIyamAna bhAvasamUhako asat kyoM mAne ?" pAzcAtya dArzanikoMka samAna jainAcArya bhI kahate the ki, yadi jIvakI vividhatA svIkAra na kareM to phira muktikA prazna hala nahIM ho sakatA / kyoM ki

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Izvara kyA hai? agara samasta jIva vastutaH ekAnta abhinna hoM to eka jIvake sukhameM sava, jIvoMko sukhI honA cAhiye / aura isI prakAra eka jIvake duHkhameM samasta jIvoMko utanA hI duHkha honA cAhiye / parantu na to aisA hote huve dekhate hI hai aura na anubhava hI karate hai / yadi aisA hI hotA to eka jIvake mokSa prApta karane para saba jIva mokSako prApta ho jaaeN| athavA jaba taka eka bhI jIva bandhanameM par3A ho taba taka, anya jIva bhI mukta nahIM ho sakate / jaina kahate hai ki brahmAdvaita mata svIkAra kara liyA jAya to bandha, mokSa aura dharmAdharma Adi kevala arthahIna zabda raha jaaeN| jIva svayaM hI brahma ho to phira bandha, mokSa yA dharmAdharma Adi kucha bhI nahIM rhtaa| vandha, mokSa tathA dharmAdharmaka viSayameM advaitavAdI kahanA cAhate haiM ki, jIvoMmeM paraspara pAramArthika prabheda na sahI, parantu vyavahArataH eka jIva dUsare jIvase bhinna hai, ata eva eka jIvake mokSa jAne para dUsare jIva apanI apanI vandhana dazAkA upabhoga karate hai| pAramArthika dRSTise zuddha, mukta brahmake sAtha jIvakA abheda hone para bhI vaha vyAvahArika dRSTi se brahmase bhinna aura amukta hai| zAstroMmeM varNita vidhi niyama pAlana karanese bandhanagrasta jIva brahmake sAnidhyameM pahuMca sakatA hai, yahI hamAre kathanakA tAtparya hai| isa prakAra advaitAcArya vyavahArApekSAse baMdha aura mokSakI tAttvikatA pratipAdita karate hai| yahI nahIM, apitu zAstrokta AcAra, niyama, vidhi AdikI AvazkatA bhI batalAte hai| isake uttarameM jainAcArya kahate hai ki, vedAntI vyavahAradRSTise jo bAta kahate hai usIse yaha to sahaja hI siddha ho jAtA hai ki vastutaH jIva asaMkhya aura

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jinavANI paraspara bhinna hai| ve anAdi kAlase baMdhanagrasta hai aura samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna tathA samyakcAritrake binA jIvakI mukti nahIM ho sktii| eka prakArase jIva kI vividhatA, anAdivaddhatA aura mukti sambandhI zakyatA ina advaita vAdiyoko bhI svIkAra karanI par3atI hai| parantu ve yaha kahakara alaga ho jAte hai ki yaha saba vyavahAradRSTise hI hotA hai| jaina pagDita kahate hai - " jIva bahuta hai, anAdivaddha hai aura mukti prApta karanekI unameM yogyatA hai| yaha svIkAra karaneke pazcAt to kucha vizeSa kahanekI bAta hI nahIM rahatI / brahma eka hai, advitIya hai, yaha saba to vAgADambara hai, kyoMki isake samarthana meM Apa koI acchI yukti nahIM de skte|" sArAMzataH jaina dRSTimeM eka advitIya satya svarUpa koI brahma nahIM hai aura na hI Izvara brahma hai| tava Izvara kyA hai? madhya yugameM, yuropameM IsAI loga Izvarako adhikAMzameM 'pUrNa satva' (Perfect Being) athavA jagatpitA svarUpa batalAte the| ina 'pUrNasatva' vAdiyoMkA yuktivAda ontological Argument nAmase prasiddha hai| seTa ogasTina kahatA hai " manuSya -- bandhanadazAyukta manuSya, alpajJa tathA mohake vazIbhUta manuSya- pUrNa satyako dhAraNA kara sake yaha kisa prakAra saMbhavita hai ? jagatake pIche satyake pUrNa AdarzarUpa, AdhArarUpa ' pUrNa satva' hai, isI liye pAmara manuSya satyakA sAkSAtkAra kara sakatA hai / yaha 'pUrNa sattva' hI paramezvara hai|" eka anya darzanakAra Anselma bhI isI prakAra kahatA hai- "sat

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39 Izvara kyA hai? padArtha-samUhameM eka krama dikhalAI detA hai| vyaktise jAti aura jAtiyoMmeM bhI ucca, uccatara, uccatama isa prakAra tAratamya dekhA jAtA hai| isase siddha hotA hai ki koI eka paripUrNatama sattva hai, jo sabhI jAtiyoM para adhikAra rakhatA hai|" isa yuktike AdhAra para yaha darzanakAra 'jAtiziromaNi, paripUrNatama sattva'ko Izvara batalAtA hai| yaha asat ho to phira pUrNatama sattva' kucha ho hI nahIM sktaa| kAraNa ki 'sat' na ho to phira 'pUrNatA 'kA honA hI kava sambhava ho sakatA hai| vartamAna yugake ArambhameM dArzanika DekATane bhI nyUnAdhika aMgameM 'pUrNasattvavAda'kA hI pracAra kiyA hai| vaha kahatA hai ki, manuSyakI vicAradhArAmeM pUrNa sattva sambandhI dhAraNAko sthAna hai| yaha dhAraNA kahAMse AI / manuSya svayaM- to apUrNa hai ata eva vaha svayaM pUrNa sattvakI dhAraNAkA utpAdaka nahIM ho sktaa| ata eva eka paripUrNa sattva hai, isI liye manupyake maname sadaiva aisI dhAraNA vartamAna rahatI hai| yaha paripUrNa satva hI Izvara hai| ___anya kucha dArzanikoMne bhI kisI na kisI rUpameM isI vicArako puSTa kiyA hai| saba yahI kahate hai ki manuSya apUrNa hai, pAmara hai, sImAbaddha hai, ajJAnAndhakArame bhaTakatA hai| ina sabase para eka mahAn mahimAmaya Izvara hai, jo hara prakArase pUrNa, mahAn , asIma aura jJAnarUpa hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki atyanta prAcIna kAlameM bhAratameM " pUrNasattvavAda"kA pracAra thaa| puNyabhUmi bhAratavarSa aneka svatantra vicArakoM kI janmabhUmi hai| yaha sarvathA sambhava hai ki ati prAcIna kAlameM yahA~ " pUrNasattvavAda" jaise matamatAntaroMkA janma aura unakA pAlana

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jinavANI poSaNa huvA ho / yogadarzanakAra spaSTa hI kahatA hai . "lezakarmavipAkAzayaraparAmRSTaH puruSavizeSa : iishvrH| upa niratizayaM sarvajJatvavIjam / / ..: sa pUrveSAmapi guruH kAlenAnavacchedAt // " -samAdhivAda 24-26 // ' arthAt eka aisA mahApuruSa hai jo klega, karma, karmaphala tathA pravRtti Adise sarvathA aspRSTa hai / vahI Izvara hai| pUrNa sarvajJatvanIja usameM vidyamAna hai, vaha kAlase bhI anavacchina hai aura pUrvAcAryoMkA bhI guru hai|" bhAratIya ' pUrNasattvavAda' kA yaha svarUpa hai| __patanalikA mata hai ki zreSThameM zreSTha, mahAnameM mahAn aura prAjJameM bhI prAjJa jo mahApuruSa hai vahI Izvara hai / vRttikAra bhojarAja kahatA hai___" ghalpatyamahattvAdInAM dharmANAM sAtizayAnAM kaasstthaapraaptiH| yathA paramANAvalpatvasya, AkAze mhtvsy| evaM jJAnAyo'pi citadharmAstAratamyena paridRzyamAnAH kecinnaratizayanAmApAdayanti tizayAH sa iishvrH| / / arthAt alpatva, mahattva Adi dharmoMmeM tAratamya dekhA jAtA hai| paramANu sUkSmameM sUkSma aura AkAza mahAnameM mahAna hai| isI prakAra jJAnAdi cittadharmAmeM bhI tAratamya dekhA jAtA hai| ata eka koI eka aisA sattva hai ki jahAM unkarSakI antima sImA A jAtI hai / jisa mahApuruSoM sarva jJAnAdi guNa utkarSakI parAkASThAko pahuMce huve hote hai vahI Izvara hai| .. pAzcAtya dArzanika mahAvuddhizAlI kAMTa pUrNasattvavAda' ke doSa isa prakAra vatalAte hai- " Apake matameM pUrNasattva sambandhI dhAraNA utpanna

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Izvara.kyA hai? ho to koI harja nahIM, athavA anumAna AdikI sahAyatAse Apa pUrNasattvake siddhAntako svIkAra kareM, yaha bhI ThIka hai, parantu vAstavika jagatameM sacamuca koI vyakti pUrNasattvavAlI hai- puruSapradhAna hai - yaha kisa prakAra kahA jA sakatA hai ? ApakI manako dhAraNA kalpanAmAtra nahIM hai, yaha Apa kaise kaha sakate hai ? Apake pAsa pramANa yA yukti kyA hai ?" prAcIna bhAratameM pradhAnataH yogadarzana-kathita IzvaravAdake sAmane isI prakArakA virodha utpanna huvA thaa| bhojavRttimeM isakA AbhAsa pAyA jAtA hai___"yadyapi sAmAnyamAne'numAnasya paryavasitatvAt na vizeSAvagatiH saMbhavati, tathApi zAstrAdasya sarvazatvAdayo vizeSA avgnvyaaH|" , " jJAnAdike tAratamyase niratizaya jJAnake AdhArarUpa IzvarakA jo anumAna kiyA jAtA hai vaha eka nirvizeSa sAmAnyakI upalabdhike atirikta aura kucha nahIM hai| Izvarake kisI vizeSa guNakA paricaya nahIM miltaa|" pAzcAtya dArzanika kAnTa bhI yahI bAta kahatA hai / bhoja mAnatA hai ki zAstrokI sahAyatAse Izvara sambandhI vizeSa jJAna prApta ho sakatA hai| kAnTa bhI itanI bAta to svIkAra karatA hI hai / sAMkhya aura yogadarzanameM maulika bheda nahIM hai| tathApi kapila muAna, pataJjalike IzvaravAdako svIkAra nahIM karate / ve spaSTa kahate hai "iishvraasiddhH|" viSayAdhyAya 90 / / / pramANoMse Izvara siddha nahIM ho sktaa| , - pataJjalike samAna jainAcArya bhI eka advitIya IzvarakA svIkAra

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42 jinavANI nahIM karate / taba Izvara hai kyA ? ___ kAnTake AkSepakA uttara dete huve hIgala Adi dArzanika kahate hai ki, vijJAnake sAtha yarthAtha-prakRta sattAkA virodha mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai| Real is rational aura Rational is real' jo vijJAnadRSTi se spaSTa samajhameM Ane yogya hai vaha vastutaH satya hai / aba yadi pUrNa sattva, sarvajJa vijJAna dRSTise samajhameM AtA ho to, sarvajJa puruSa vastutaH ho sakatA hai, yaha mAnanA hI pdd'egaa| oNgasTina bhI kahatA hai " asanya, kevala satyakA vikAramAtra hai / asatya hI satyasvarUpa IzvarakA astitva siddha karatA hai| manuSyakA jJAna maryAdata hai parantu maryAdA hI sarvajJatvako siddha karatI hai| Izvarake sambandhameM janoMkA kahanA bhI isI matalavakA hai| anAdi kAlake karmabandhanake yogase jIva alpajJa hai| jJAnAvaraNIya kamauke kAraNa isakA jJAna DhakA rahatA hai / isa AvaraNake dUra hote hI jIva ananta jJAnakA adhikArI ho jAtA hai-sarvajJaho jAtA hai| aura jo mahApuruSa isa karmavandhako tor3akara mokSako prApta huve haiM ve saba sarvajJa the-haiN| karma jIvake mUla svabhAvakA vAdhaka hai| karmavandhanake kAraNa hI jIva alpajJa rahatA hai / yaha vandhana TUTate hI jIva apanI svAbhAvika jJAnadagA prApta kara letA hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki jIvoMkA baMdhana, jIvoMkA maryAdita jJAna yaha siddha karatA hai ki jIvoMkI mukti aura sarvajJatA saMbhava hai| jIvoMkI saMkhyA asIma hai| pratyeka jIva karmavaddha aura alpajJa hai| jisa kSaNa isa bandhanadazA aura alpajJatAse chUTe usI dama vaha mukta

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43 Izvara kyA hai? aura sarvajJa ho jAya / yadi yaha vAta samajhameM AtI ho to nizcaya jAnanA cAhiye ki eka Isvara sarvato mukta-sarvajJa hai, aisA nahIM apitu pratyeka mukta jIva sarvajJatvakA adhikArI hai yahI siddhAnta yuktiyukta hai| muktipada-prApta jIva sarvajJa hai| sarvajJa hI Izvara hai / jainAcAryokA yahI mata hai| .. mImAMsaka isa sarvajJatvavAdakA inkAra karate hai / ve kahate haiM ki sarvajJatA asaMbhava vastu hai sarvajJo dRzyate taavnndaaniimsmdaadimiH| dRSTo na caikadezo'sti liGga vA yo'numApayet / na cAgamavidhiH kazcinnityaH sarvajJavodhakaH / na ca mantrArthavAdAnAM tAtparyamavakalpate // na cAnyArthapradhAnastaistadastitvaM vidhIyate / na cAnuvAdituM zakyaH puurvmnyervodhitH|| anAderAgamasyAoM na ca sarvajJa AdimAn / kRtrimeNa tvasatyena saH kathaM pratipAdyate 1 // atha tadvacanenaiva sarvo'nyaH pratIyate / prakalpayet kathaM siddhiranyonyAzrayayostayoH // sarvoktatayA cAkyaM satyaM tena tdstitaa| kathaM tadumayaM siddhayet siddhamUlAntarAte / asarvakSapraNItAttu vacanAnmUlavarjitAt / sarvanamavagacchantaH stravAkyAt kinna jAnate / / sarvakSasazaM kazcidyadi pazyema saMprati / upamAnena sarvajhaM 'jAnIyAma tato vayam //

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244 : i jinavANI buddhAderdharmo'dharmAdigocaraH / upadezo hi anyathA nopapadyeta sArvajJaM yadi nAbhavat // buddhAdayo hAvedanAstepAM vedAdasambhavaH / upadezaH kRto'tastavyamohAdeva kevalAt // ye tu manvAdayaH siddhAH prAdhAnyena trayIvidAm | trayIvidAzritagranthAste vedamabhavotayaH // 2 bhAvArtha- pratyakSa, anumAna, Agama, upamAna aura arthApatti pramANa'paJcakase sarvajJakA astitva siddha nahIM hotA / pratyakSa se to kevala nikaTacata padArtha ho dekhe jAte hai| anAdi, ananta, atIta, anAgata, vartamAna sUkSmAdi svabhAvaviziSTa samasta padArtha kisa prakAra pratyakSa ho sakate hai ? aba jaba ki samasta padArthoMkA jJAna pratyakSa rUpase -honA saMbhava nahIM hai tava sarvajJatA rUpa jJAna aura sarvajJa puruSa bhI kisa prakAra pratyakSa ke viSaya ho sakate hai / jaise pratyakSa dvArA sarvajJatAkA bodha nahIM ho sakatA usI prakAra sarvajJako bhI upalabdhi asambhava hai / anumAnase bhI sarvajJakI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI, kyo ki anumAna pramANakA AdhAra hetu tathA sAdhyake avinAbhAva saMbandha para hai| yahAM sarvajJa sAdhya hai / isa sAdhyake sAtha kisI bhI hetukA aisA saMvandha nahIM dIkhatA ki jisase sarvajJakA anumAna ho ske| ata eva anumAnase bhI sarvajJako siddhi nahIM ho sakatI / sarvajJako siddha karaneke liye AgamapramANa kAmameM nahIM A sakatA, kyoM ki prathama prazna hI yaha hotA hai ki sarvajJa-pratipadika Agamako Apa nitya mAneMge yA anitya ? nitya Agama-pramANa eka bhI nahIM hai / aura yadi koI hoM to vaha apramANa hai, kyoM ki " agniSTomena yajeta " ityAdi vidhirUpa

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Izvara kyA hai? vacana hI pramANarUpa haiN| aba yadi yaha kahA jAya ki sarvajJa-pratipAdaka Agama anitya hai to dUsarA prazna yaha utpanna hotA hai ki ina anitya AgamoMkA praNetA kauna hai ? yadi ina AgamoMkA praNetA sarvajJa hI ho to ye pramANa anyonyAzraya doSase dUSita ho jAte hai / sarvajJane AgamaracanA kI aura inhIM Agamoko sarpajJake pramANasvarUpa mAnA jAya, yaha anyonyAzraya doSa hai| aura yadi yaha kaho ki kisI asarvajJa puruSane Agama racanA kI hai to phira isakA kucha mUlya hI nahIM rhtaa| niSkarSa yaha ki sarvajJakI siddhi na to Agama hI se hotI hai aura na upamAna hI se sarvajJatA siddha hotI hai, kyo ki sAdRzya jJAnase hI upamAnakI utpatti hotI hai / aura sarvajJake samAna anya koI vastu dikhalAI nahIM detI ata eva upamAnake dvArA sarvajJakI siddhi honA asambhava hai| arthApattise bhI sarvajJatA siddha nahIM hotI, kyo ki sarvajJako svIkAra na karanese kisI jJAta pathArthako asvIkAra karanA nahIM pdd'taa| . yaha tarka karanekI bhI AvazyakatA nahIM hai ki, yadi sarvajJatA na ho to phira buddha aura manuke samAna dharmopadezaka kaise ho sakate hai ? isake uttarameM mImAMsaka kahate hai ki, veda hI saba dhauMkA mUla hai| buddhane dharmAdharmakA upadeza diyA sahI, parantu vaha avedajJa thA isa liye usa upadezameM vyAmohake atirikta aura kucha nahIM hai| isa upadezakatvase usakA sarvajJa honA siddha nahIM hotaa| manune dharmAdharma viSayaka upadeza kiyA hai, parantu vaha sarvajJa nahIM thaa| vuddha aura manuke upadegameM sarvajJatAkI koI bAta nahIM dikhalAI detii| koI aisA kahane cAhe kivartamAna kAlameM sarvajJatAkA pratipAdana na

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jinavANI hosake to isase kyA huvA, bhUta yA bhaviSya kAlameM kamI sarvajJatA avazya siddha ho sakatI hai| mImAMsakoMka pAsa isakA bhI uttara hai| ve kahate haiM ki, bhUta yA bhaviSyase yadi koI sarvajJatA prApta karanevAlA hogA to vaha bhI hamAre hI samAna jJAna aura indriyoMkA adhikArI hogA na ? jo vastu Aja hamAre liye asaMbhava hai vaha bhUtakAlameM yA bhaviSyameM bhI anya ke liye kaise sambhava ho sakatI hai ? mImAMsaka yaha bhI kahate hai ki, yadi sarvajJakA artha padArthamAtrakA jJAtA ho to yaha bAta bhI mAnane yogya nahIM hai| yadi yaha kaha jAya ki vaha samasta padArthoko pratyakSa rUpase jAna letA hai to dharmAdi sUkSma viSaya usake jJAnake vAhara hI raheMge / to phira hamameM aura sarvajJameM bheda kyA rahA ? eka aura vAta bhI yAda rakhanI cAhiye ki anumAna aura Agamase jo jJAna prApta hotA hai vaha aspaSTa hotA hai| sarvajJako aisA aspaSTa jJAna nahIM ho sakatA; aise aspaSTa jJAnavAleko sarvajJa nahIM kaha skte| sarvajJatAkA artha kyA hai ? yadi yaha kaho ki padArthamAtrake jJAnako hI sarvajJatA kahate haiM, to dUsarA prazna yaha utpanna hotA hai ki, isa prakArakA padArthamAtrakA jJAna honA kisa prakAra sambhava hai ? yadi kahA jAya ki kramaza-dhIme dhIme-saba padArthoMkA jJAna ho sakatA hai to yaha yukti bhI Thahara nahIM sakatI, kyoM ki bhUtakAlameM, vartamAna kAlameM aura bhaviSya kAlameM jina padArthokI utpatti huI hai, ho rahI hai aura hogI unakI saMkhyAkA pAra nahIM pAyA jA sktaa| unheM dhIme dhIme (kramazaH) jAnanekA yatna kiyA jAya to vaha jJAna apUrNa hI rhegaa| yadi yaha kaho ki sarvajJako samasa parAyIkA jJAna yugapatrUpase (eka sAtha)

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Izvara kyA hai? 47 hotA hai to yaha kathana bhI yathArtha nahIM hai; kyoM ki zItoSNa Adi padArtha to eka dUsareke viruddha hai| aise virodhI padArthokA jJAna eka hI samayameM kisa prakAra prApta ho sakatA hai? yadi koI kahe ki mukhya, padArthoMkA jJAna honese usImeM saba kucha A jAtA hai to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoM ki avaziSTa padArthoMke jJAna binA use sarvajJa nahIM kaha sakate / mImAMsakoke kathanakA mukhya Azaya yahI hai ki sarvajJatA asambhava hai / aba jainAcArya isakA yukti aura pramANapura sara uttara dete hai / ve kahate haiM cakSumeM dekhaneko zakti hai, parantu vaha zakti andheremeM kucha kAma nahIM deto, vaha avyakta rahatI hai / prAtaHkAla jaba pUrva dizAmeM bhagavAn aMzumAlIkI kiraNeM prakaTa hotI hai, rAtrikA andhakAra vilIna ho jAtA hai taba netroMkI rUpagrahaNa karanevAlI zakti kAma karane lagatI hai / usa samaya AsapAsake padArtha dekhe jA sakate hai / AtmAkA vyApAra bhI isI prakArakA hai / jagatake sabhI padArtha dekhanekI (jAnanekI) usameM zakti hai, sarvajJatA. isakA svabhAva hai / parantu anAdi jJAnavaraNIyAdi karmoMke saMyogase vaha vaise hI par3I rahatI hai / isakA sarvajJatvasvabhAva aparisphuTa rahatA hai / samyak tapasyAse jaba jIvakA karmamala jala jAtA hai tabhI AtmA apane zuddha svabhAvako - sarvajJatAko prApta hotA hai / yaha bAta samajhameM bhI AsAnIse A sakatI hai| padArthamAtrako grahaNa karanekI zakti tathA svabhAva AtmAmeM hai yA nahIM, isa viSaya meM vivAdakI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / yaha to svayaM

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. jinavANI mImAMsaka bhI mAnate haiM ki vyAsijJAnase bhUta, bhaviSya, vartamAna, dUra, anAgata Adi sabhI viSayoMmeM pratIti-sI utpanna hotI hai| ve yaha bhI svIkAra karate hai ki AgamapramANake AdhAra para bhUta, bhaviSya tathA dUra dUrake padArthokI upalabdhi ho sakatI hai / isakA artha yahI hai ki jIvameM samasta padArthIko jAna lenekI zakti hai| mImAMsakoM dvArA svIkRta gamapramANa svayaM hI paryAna hai| jaina kahate hai ki samasta padArthoM kA jJAna pratyakSa rUpase nahIM ho sakatA, aisA mAnalenA nahIM caahiye| hamArI pratyakSa indriya anindriya hai arthAt use manakI apekSA rahatI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki yaha bahuta thor3e aura lyUla panAyIkAhI grahaNa kara sakatI hai| yogiyoMkI pratyakSa indriyako manakI apekSA nahIM rahatI, jisase ve bahutase atIndriya sUkSma padArthAkA avalokana kara sakate haiN| jinakA karma-AvaraNa haTa cukA hai aise mahApuruSake pratyakSa jJAnameM yadi vikhake samasta padArtha hattAmalaka hoM to isameM zaMkAkI kyA bAta hai? rAmayaNAdimeM likhA hai ki, vainateya, saikar3oM yojana dUrakI vastuoMko pratyakSa dekha sakatA thA / cIla Adi pakSI bahuta dUrakI vastuoMko, pAsameM huI vastuoke samAna dekha sakate haiN| hamameM isa samaya pratyakSazakti maryAdita hai, sahI; parantu usameM atyadhika zakti bharI huI hai isakA kauna inkAra kara sakatA hai ? mukhya vAta yahI hai ki AvaraNotpAdaka -- pratibandha karanevAle-karma dUra hone caahiye| karma alA hote hI pratyakSa jJAnarUpI sUrya camakane lgegaa| . jainAcAyokA mata hai ki Agama bhI sarvajJatAko siddha karatA hai, usameM anyonyAzraya yA anavasthA doSa nahIM hai| sarvajJA Agama-prarUpaka

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Izvara kyA hai? hotA hai aura AgamakA Azraya lekara anya sarvajJa hote hai / isa prakAra bIjAkara nyAyase Agama aura sarvajJakI paramparA calatI hai| sarvajJa-praNIta Agama pramANa hai aura Agama-pradarzita sarvajJatva bhI satya evaM siddha hai| hama Agama athavA anumAnase jo jJAna prApta karate hai vaha aspaSTa hotA hai, isakA kAraNa hamArA karmamala hai| yaha mala jaba dhula jAyagA taba sarvajJatva svataH prakaTa huve binA na rhegaa| AvaraNakA kSaya hote hI sarvajJa arhat ekasAtha samasta padArtha jAna sakatA hai / use kramaza:-dhIme dhImejAnanekI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| use eka hI kSaNameM parasparavirodhI samasta padArthoMkA jJAna ho jAtA hai| sarvajJameM sadaiva-pratisamayasamasta padArthoMkA jJAna rahatA hai| sarvajJa arhat prakSINamoha hotA hai| use kisI bhI vastuko abhilASA-kisI vastukA moha-nahIM hotaa| vaha pUrNataH vItarAga hotA hai| vastu-svarUpake jJAnameM rAgadveSa use kisI prakArakI vAdhA nahIM pahuMcA skte| jainAcAryokA abhiprAya yaha hai ki, Aja hama asarvajJa-chamastha haiM, isIse prakaTa hotA hai ki koI aisA AvaraNa hai jo sarvajJatAko rokatA hai| AvaraNake dUra hote hI sarvajJatArUpa sUrya avazya prakaTa hogaa| yadi sarvajJatAko svIkAra na kare to asarvajJatAse bhI inkAra karanA par3atA hai| ' mImAMsaka kahate hai ki Agama apauruSeya hai| sarvajJa puruSa AgamanirmANa kara hI nahIM sakate, kyo ki sarvajJameM vANI honA asambhava hai| isake uttarameM jainAcArya kahate hai ki, vANI aura sarvajJatA parasparavirodhI nahIM hai| sarvajJa vaktA aura Agama-prarUpaka ho sakatA hai|

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jinavANI Agama apaurupeya nahIM hai| sarvajJake abhAvameM to Agama bhI apramANa mAnA jaaygaa| AgamameM sarvajJa mahApuruSakI vANI na ho to vaha (Agama) bhI guNa-rahita hI mAnA jaaygaa| jaina loga mImAMsakoMka Agamako nahIM mAnate tathApi ve vedavAkya uddhRta karake siddha karate hai ki veda bhI sarvajJakI sattA svIkAratA hai "vizvatazcakSuruta vizvato mukho vizvato vAhuruta vizvataHpAt sa vetti vizvaM na hi tasya vecA tamAhuragya puruSaM mahAntam / hiraNyagarbha prakRtyasarvajJa -" ___isa prakAra sarvajJakI sattA sabhIko mAnanI par3atI hai| jaina sarvajJako Izvara mAnate haiN| jaina darzana kahatA hai ki mukta jIva hI Izvara hai| jaina darzanameM eka hI Izvara nahIM hai| anAdi kAlase lekara Aja taka kitane hI puruSoMne mukti prApta kI hai aura jaina darzanake anusAra ve saba sarvajJa tathA Izvara hai| mukta jIvamAtra sarvajJatAdi kitane hI guNa-sAmAnyake adhikArI hote hai| isa guNa-sAmAnyakI dRSTise jaina, kucha aMzomeM ekezvaravAdI hai aisA bhI pratIta hogaa| karmabandha do prakArake haiM : (1) ghAtI aura (2) aghAtI / ghAtI karma AtmAke svAbhAvika guNakA ghAta karate hai| ye karma cAra bhAgoMmeM vibhakta hai : (1) jJAnAvaraNIya, (2) darzanAvaraNIya, (3) mohanIya aura (4) antraay| jJAnAvaraNIya karmake udayase AtmAkA vizuddha jJAna AvRta hotA hai| darzanAvaraNIya karmake udayase AtmAkI darzanazakti avaruddha rahatI,

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Izvara kyA hai? hai| mohanIya karmake pratApase vizuddha zraddhA-samyaktva, cAritra-guNa vikasita nahIM hote aura antarAya karma AtmAke svAbhAvika vIryAdiko vikasita nahIM hone detaa| aghAti karmake bhI cAra bheda hai : (1) AyuH, (2) nAma, (3) gotra aura (4) vedanIya / AyuH karma prANikI AyukA nirmANa karatA hai| nAmakarmake yogase prANI vividha zarIrAdi prApta karatA hai| gotra karmake yogase manuSya ucca yA nIca gotrako prApta hotA hai| aura vedanIya karmake pratApase jIva sukhaduHkhAdi sAmagrI dvArA AkultA prApta karake AtmAke anyAbAdha guNase vimukha rahatA hai| jainAcArya kahate hai ki, jaba jIva muktisAdhanAke mArgameM jAtA hai, ghora tapazcaryA karatA hai, taba pariNAmameM cAra ghAti kamaukA nAza hokara use sarvajJatA prApta hotI hai| sarvajJatAkA dUsarA nAma kevalajJAna hai| kevalI yA kevalajJAnIko jIvanmukta bhI kaha sakate hai / jIvanmukta sarvajJake do prakAra hai : sAmAnya kevalI aura tIrthaGkara / jIvanmukta puruSa zarIradhArI hone para bhI sarvajJa athavA kevalI hotA hai| sAmAnya kevalI mahApuruSa apanI mukti sAdhate haiM, parantu tIrthakara nAmavAle puruSasiMha apanI mukti sAdhaneke atirikta saMsArI jIvoMko bhI muktikA-azeSa duHkhaklezAdise chuTakArA pAnekA-mArga dikhalAte hai| inake upadezase saMsArI jIva tara jAte haiM, isIse ve tIrthatvarUpa mAne jAte haiN| jaina dharmaka grantha tIrthakara bhagavAnake stuti-stavanoMse bhare hai| tIrthakara saddharmakA upadeza karate hai / ve jagatpUjya haiM, arhat hai| sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka aura zrAvikA rUpI caturvidha saMghakI sthApanA bhI

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52 jinavANI karate hai / NaTucadughAdvakammo, daMsaNasuhaNANavI riyamaI o | suhRdehattho appA, suddho nariho vicinvijo // - dravyasagraha 50 / ve arihanta, jinake cAroM prakArake dhAtikarma naSTa ho cuke haiM, jo anantadarzana, anantasukha, anantajJAna aura anantavIryake adhikArI haiM, ve zubha dehadhArI haiM aura ve hI zuddha hai| unakA cintavana ( dhyAna ) karanA cAhiye / arhata dehadhArI hone para bhI unheM kisI prakArakI Asakti nahIM hotI / ata eva unhe agarIrI bhI kaha sakate hai / arhatako dehakI ujjvalatAke sAmane hajAra sUryakA prakAza bhI parAbhUta ho jAtA hai / brahmadeva kahatA hai * - * yaha nata brahmadevajIkA hai, jo upalabdha jinAgamake tIrthaMkara varNanase bhinna hai| jinAganoMneM tIrthaMkaroMkA varNana nimna prakAra milatA hai arihata sazarIrI haiN| unakI sayogi guNasthAnameM sthiti hai / ata unheM mana hai, vANI hai, audArika deha hai, AhAraparyApti hai / tattvArya - sUtrake " ekAdazajine // 9-11 // " sUtra ke anusAra bhUkha he, pyAsa hai aura roga hai| unheM atarAya karmakA abhAva hai ata AhAra Adi milate haiM eva ve AhAra lete haiM / unheM thAhArase nippanna audArika zarIra hai. vajraRSabhanArAca sahanana hai, haDDiyoMkA dRDhatara milAna hai, haTTiyA haiM, sapheda khUna hai, sapheda mAsa hai, yAvat antata sAtoM dhAtu haiM aura daza ANoMke viccheda rUpa mRtyu bhI hai| paramArthase tIrthakara bhagavAn vinA Asakti, AhAra, nihAra, vihAra, upadeza, praznottara aura zikSApradAna ityAdi zarIrajanya saba kAma karate hai / I

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Izvara kyA hai? "nizcayenAzarIro'pi vyavahAreNa saptadhAturahitadivAkarasahasramAsuraparamaudArikazarIritvAda shubhdehsthH|" - nizcayanayake anusAra arhat azarIrI haiM; vyavahAranayake anusAra inakA zarIra ati pavitra, saptadhAturahita tathA sahasra sUryokI kAMtikeM samAna dItimAna hotA hai arthAt vaha bahuta hI zuddha hotA hai| inheM bhUkha, pyAsa, bhaya, dveSa, rAga, moha, ciMtA, jarA, roga, mRtyu, kheda, sveda, mada, arati, vismaya, janma, nidrA aura vipAda-ina aThAraha doSoM se koI doSa sparza nahIM kara sktaa| arhat vItarAga, atizuddha aura niraMjana hai| brAhmaNadharmAvalaMbI jisa prakAra rAmacandrAdiko avatAra mAnate haiM; jisa prakAra bauddha buddhako mAnate haiM usI prakAra jaina loga tIrthaGkarako mAnate hai / pRthvIke pApabhArako haTAneke liye, saddharmake pavitra prakAza dvArA andhakArako miTAneke liye, kalpa kalpameM tIrthakara janma lete hai / jaba ye mAtAke garbha meM Ate haiM to unakI mAtAeM zubha svapna dekhatI hai| tIrthaGkaroMke avatAra aura janmAbhiSekake samaya evaM dIbhA, kevalajJAnaprApti aura nirvANake samaya indrAdi devasamUha inakI vandanA karane aura mahotsava manAne Ate hai| isa prakArako paMca mahAkalyANarUpa pUjA (ahIM) prApta honese tIrthaGkara " arhata" bhI kahalAte hai| unheM anAna, hiMsA, jUTha, corI, nidrA, krodha, mAna, mAyA, loma, hAsya, rati, arati, bhaya, zoka, IrSyA, dama, krIDA aura prema (rAga) ina aTArahamase eka bhI doSa chU sakatA nahIM hai| arhat vItarAga atizuddha eva nirajana haiN| (mu. zrI. darzanavijayajI)

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jinavANI tIrthakara, ananta darzana-jJAna-mukha-vIryarUpa athavA apAyAparamAdi, cAra atizayoMke adhikArI hote hai| 'apAyApagamAtizaya'tIrthakara bhagavAnako kisI prakArakA kleza parezAna nahIM kara sktaa| 'jJAnAtizaya ' - saMsArake samasta vyApAra inake jJAnameM pratiphalita hote hai| 'pUjAvizaya'-tInoM jagatake jIva- manuSya, tiyaca aura deva sabhI jIva-inako pUjate haiM / 'vacanAvizaya' -tIrthaGkaroMkA upadeza sabako rucikara hotA hai, sabakI samajhameM AtA hai aura sabake liye kalyANakArI hotA hai| tIrthakara sAkSAt bhagavAna athavA pratyakSa Invara haiM / jaina sAhityameM tIrthakaroMke rUpa, guNa aura aizvarya sambandhI bahuta varNana milatA hai| tazriGkara janmase hI mati, zruta aura avavijJAnadhArI hote hai| (1) inakA zarIra janmase hI apUrva kAntimAn hotA hai| malinatA inase dUra rahatI hai aura jisa prakAra puppase parAga ur3atA hai usI prakAra bhagavAna tIrthakarake zarIrase suvAsa AtI hai / (2) tIrthakarake ni zvAsameM bhI atyanta mAdhurya aura saurabha hotA hai| (3) unake zarIrakA rakta, mAMsa vizuddha tathA sapheda hotA hai| (4) kevalajJAna prApta hone para, unakA upadeza sunaneke liye prANimAtra utkaNThita ho jAte hai / yaha upadezasamA 'samavasaraNa' kahalAtI hai| (5) samavasaraNameM deva, manuSya aura tithaMca bhI Ate hai / satra apanI apanI jagaha baiThate aura upadeza sunate haiM / (6) tIrthaGkarakI bhASA pazu-prANI bhI samajhate haiN| unakI vANI rasa, mAdhurya aura arthase paripUrNa hotI hai| (7) arhat divya bhAmaNDalase vibhUSita hote haiM / (8) jahAM jahAM ve vicaraNa karate haiM

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Izvara kyA hai? vahAM roga, (9) vaira, (10) durvipAka, (11)mahAmArI, (12) ativRSTi, (13) anAvRSTi, (14) durmikSa aura (15) rAja-atyAcAra Adi nahIM raha sakate / tIrthakara bhagavAnake Agamanake sAtha hI dezameM sarvatra zAMti, aizvarya aura sadbhAva virAjamAna ho jAtA hai| (16) tIrthaGkaroM ke Age eka dharmacakra calatA hai| (17) inake dRSTipAtamAtrase cAroM dizAoke prANI yaha anubhava karane lagate hai ki mAnoM ve bhagavAnake sAmane hI vaiThe hai| (18) vRkSa bhI inako namana karate hai| (19) cAroM ora divya duMdubhikA nAda sunAI detA hai / (20) inheM mArgameM jAte huve koI antarAya nahIM hotaa| (21) inake AsapAsa zItala manda sugandha pavana calatA hai| (22) pakSI inake AsapAsa kallola karate hai| (23) deva inake Upara puSpavarSA karate hai| (24) sugaMdhamaya varSAse dharatI bhI suzItala rahatI hai| (25),inake keza thA nakha nahIM ugate (nahIM vahate) (25) deva sadaiva inakI AjJAmeM upasthita rahate hai / (27) Rtu bhI sadaiva anukUla rahatI hai| (28) samavasaraNameM kramazaH tIna gar3ha rahate hai / (29) inake pAdasparzase suvarNa-kamala vikasita hote haiN| (30) cAmara, (31) ratnAsana, (32) tIna Atapatra (chatra), (33) maNimaNDita patAkA aura (34) divya azokavRkSa inake sAtha hI rahate hai| tIrthakararUpI sAkSAt Izvarako lakSya karake hI jaina paMca-parameSThinamaskArame arihaMtako prathama sthAna dete hai| " namo arihaMtANaM "-arihaMtako namaskAra / ghAti karmake kSayase manuSya jIvanmukta hotA hai| sAmAnya kevalI

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56 jinavANI aura tIrthakara ye dAnoM jIvanmukta aura sarvajJa hote hai, tathApi dehakA saMbandha rahatA hai / jIvanmukta dehakI paravAha nahIM karatA / uparokta kathanAnusAra vaha deha haz2AroM sUryakiraNoMke samAna ujjvala aura pavitra hotI hai| isake bAda jaba aghAti karmakA kSaya hotA hai taba pArthiva deha bhI gira jAtI hai / isa anirvacanIya avasthAko jIvakI parAmukti kaha sakate hai / usa samaya jIvanakI sAMsArika AyumaryAdA pUrI ho jAtI hai, dehakI nivyaparivartanazIla upAdhi miTa jAtI hai| ucca nIca gotrakI ver3I bhI usa samaya kaTa jAtI hai / aghAti karmakA bhaya hote hI AtmA pUrNa svAdhIna ho jAtA hai / yaha mukti hI prANimAtrakA svabhAva aura prANimAtrakI antima pariNati athavA unnati hai / aghAti karmakA kSaya hone para sAmAnya kevalI aura tIrthaGkara eka hI prakArakA muktipada prApta karate haiM / samAjameM sAmAnya kevalIkI apekSA tIrthaGkara bhagavAn adhika pUjya mAne jAte hai, parantu muktipada prApta hone para sAmAnya kevalI aura tIrthakarameM kisI prakArakA bheda nahIM rahatA / muktipurImeM ye donoM samAna hai donoM mukta haiM / isa prakAra muktipadaprApta sarvajJoko jaina siddha kahate hai naTThakammadeddo, loyAloyasya jANao daTThA / purisAyAro appA, siddho jhAraha hoyasiharattho / - dravyasagraha 51 / ATha prakArake karmoMkA AbhArI zarIra siddha puruSoMko nahIM hotA / siddha lokAlokakA draSTA aura jJAtA hotA hai / nizcayanayake anusAra siddha pUrNata' videha hone para bhI vyavahAravazata puruSAkAra, Atmapradeza

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Izvara kyA hai ? 57 mAtra hote haiM / puruSAkAra* yaha Atmapradeza, unake antima pArthiva zarIrakI apekSA kiMcit nyUna hotA hai / siddha puruSa lokAkAzake zikhara para rahate hai / siddhako punaH saMsArameM AnA nahIM par3atA / jJAna, darzana, vIrya aura sukha - isa anantacatuSTayameM hI siddha ramaNa karate hai / kAraNakAryakI paraMparAse unakA sambandha sarvathA chUTa jAtA hai / duHkhapUrNa saMsArase ye atyanta dUra nikala jAte hai / lokAkAzakI UMcese UMcI sImA para zAMtimaya " siddhazIlA " para siddha svabhAva - avasthA meM rahate haiM / inheM bhavayantraNA chU nahIM sakatI / karma- kArAgAra- lokAkAza siddhoMse bahuta dUra raha jAtA hai| + lokAkAzake Upara, usake sAmane hI ciranistabdha, anirdezya, cirasthira anaMta aloka hai / siddha- ( 1 ) samyaktvake adhikArI hai / ( 2 ) anantajJAnake adhikArI haiN| loka yA alokameM aisI koI vastu nahIM jo inake jJAnakA viSaya na ho / (3) anantadarzanake adhikArI hai / ( 4 ) ' anantavIrya' arthAt ananta padArtha aura dravya-paryAya jJAna aura darzana meM dhAraNa karate huve bhI siddhoMko zrama nahIM hotA / (5) ve niratizaya sUkSma hote haiM; indriyoMse agocara haiM / (6) jisa prakAra eka dIpazikhAmeM dUsarI dIpazikhA sahaja mila jAtI hai usI prakAra eka siddhake * manuSyamAna siddha cana sakatA hai / siddhako zarIra nahIM hai, kevala avagAhanA hI hotI hai| arthAt siddhake jIvapradeza tyakta pArthiva zarIrake samAna manuSyAkArameM ghana pINDastrarUpa vane rahate haiM / ( mu zrI. darzanavijayajI ) + kyoM ki siddhoMkA sthAna lokAkAzakI atima sImA hai| ( su zrI. darzanavijayajI )

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jinavANI sthAnameM anya siddha bhI samA jAte hai / ise avagAhanA kahate hai / siddha eka dUsareke vAdhaka nahIM hote / (7) ye agurulaghu hote haiM, siddhazIlA para tvabhAvase rahate hai / (8) siddhakA AThavAM guNa anyAvAdha hai| pArthiva kSaNabhaMgura sukhaduHkhakA nAmonizAna bhI nahIM rhtaa| sArAMza yaha ki, siddha anaMta, anavacchinna, aparivartita, asIma AnandameM vAsa karate hai| vedapaMthI tatvadarzI purupa dhanadhAnyAdi aihika sukhakI kAmanAse brahmacintana nahIM karate / bauddha bhI sAMsArika kAmanAoMkI tRpti ke liye buddhakI upAsanA nahIM krte| isI prakAra jaina bhI pArthiva bhogako AgAse arhatpUjana aura upAsanA nahIM karate / vedapaMthiyomeM kucha loga aihika lAbhake lobhase pRthak pRthak devoMkI bhakti karate hai| bauddhomeM bhI kucha aise deva hai aura jainoMne bhI devIdeva mAne hai| parantu vAstavameM Atmonatike liye jisa prakAra vedapaMthI brahmArcana karate hai, usI prakAra jaina bhI arihaMta aura siddhAdikA dhyAna dharate hai, usI (Atmonnatike) uddezyase pUjA, arcanA, upAsanA karate haiN| tIrthakara kucha aihika surkha nahIM dete / ve to (siddha vanakara) siddhazilA para rahate hai| sAMsArika viSayasi unakA kisI prakArakA tanika bhI sambandha nahIM hotA / ata eva kisIko yaha AzA to rakhanI hI na cAhiye ki ve camatkAra dikhalA deNge| jaina yaha mAnate hai ki, tIrthaGkaroM aura siddhiprApta mahApuruSoMka guNagAnase hama ina guNoke pAsa pahuMcate haiM, ve guNa hamAre bhItara praveza karate haiM aura isa prakAra AtmAkA kalyANa hotA hai / siddha eka ujjvala Adarza rUpa hai / isa AdarzakA dhyAna rakhanese baMdhanadazAgrasta jIva bhI

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Izvara kyA hai ? 59 muktimArga prApta karatA hai / jaina upAsanAkA yaha spaSTa rahasya hai / isI liye jaina loga bhAktabhAvase namaskAra ( navakAra) mantrakA uccAraNa karate huve kahate haiM- " namo siddhANam " - siddha bhagavAnako namaskAra / | Izvara sambandhI jaina siddhAnta samajhaneke liye uparokta vivecanase kucha sahAyatA mila sakatI hai| jainoMke isa siddhAntameM zaMkA yA azraddhAke liye bilkula sthAna nahIM hai / isameM gambhIra gaveSaNA aura tattvavicAra garbhita haiM isa bAtakA koI inkAra nahIM kregaa| jainoM ko anIzvaravAdI kahA jAtA hai, yaha bhUla hai| mImAMsakokI bhAMti jaina spaSTataH Izvarako asvIkAra nahIM karate / anya darzanoMse kitanI hI bAtoMmeM jaina darzanakA sAmya hai| udAharaNa svarUpa sAMkhyamatAvalambI bhI 'muktAtmanaH prazaMsA upAsanA siddhasya vA / ' aisA kahate hai | zrutimeM jo 'sa hi sarvavit sarvakarttA ' kahA gayA hai vaha bhI muktAtmAko lakSya karake hI kahA gayA hai, yaha bAta samajhane yogya hai / sAMkhyake sAtha jaina darzanakI yaha eka samAnatA hai / t yogAcArya bhI kahate hai ki, Izvara sarvajJa hai, usakA dhyAna karane se Atmonnati hotI hai, vaha dharmopadeSTA bhI hai| vedAnta bhI kahatA hai ki mukta jova hI Izvara hai, vahI brahmapadavAcya hai| naiyAyikoM ko bhI kahanA par3atA hai ki Izvara sarvajJa hai /

Page #96
60 jinavANI jo loga zAMta, taTastha bhAvase jaina darganake Izvara sambandhI, siddhAntakA manana kareMge unheM yaha pratIta hue binA nahIM rahegA ki, jaina darzana bhAratavarSakA eka suprAcIna darzana hai| jaina darzanako bauddha darzanake paJcAtkA to kaha hI nahIM sakate, parantu yadi koI use buddhakA samakAlIna kahe to bhI ThIka nahIM hai / bhAratavarSameM, bhUtakAlake kisI ajJAta yugameM, jaba Izvara saMbandhI vividha siddhAntoMkA pracAra huvA thA, usI yugame - prAcIna kAlake andhakArAcchanna vAtAvaraNa meM - jaina darzanane Izvara - sambandhI eka navIna siddhAnta - nUtana prakAza vizvako diyA thA / I

Page #97
jaina darzanameM karmavAda karmavAda kyA hai ? karmake sAtha nizcita phalake achedya sambandhakA nAma karmavAda hai / pRthvIke sabhI bhAgoMmeM, sabhI darzanakAroMne karmavAda mAnA hai / parantu bhAratIya darzanoMmeM isane eka vizeSa sthAna prApta kiyA hai / bhAratIya darzanoMmeM paraspara matabheda hote huve bhI karmavAdake amoghatvako sabhIne svIkAra kiyA hai / pUrva mImAMsAmeM parabrahmakA vicAra nahIM hai, isase vaha uttara mImAMsAse bhinna ho jAtA hai| AtmAko vividhatAkA svIkAra karake sAMkhya tathA yogadarzana vedAMtakA virodha karate hai| AtmAmeM guNAdikA Aropa karake nyAya tathA vaizeSika darzana, sAMkhya tathA yogadarzanakA sAmanA karate haiN| AtmAke guNa usake (AtmAke) sAtha hI baddha hai aura pRthak pRthak guNa-paryAyoMmeM AtmA svayaM hI prakAzako prApta hotA hai, aisA kahakara jaina darzana nyAya aura vaizeSikake doSa batalAtA hai| bauddha darzana nitya satya AmAkA astitva hI nahIM svIkAratA / isa prakArakI anekoM bhinnatA aura viruddhatA hote huve bhI karmavAdake viSayameM sabhI prAyaH eka mata haiM - arthAt manuSya jo votA hai, usIkA phala prApta karatA hai, isakA bhAratIya darzanoM se koI bhI virodha nahIM krtaa| musalamAnoM aura IsAiyoMmeM jo karuNAvAda (Doctrine of grace) aura jise anya A

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jinavANI koI bhI kara sake aisA prAyazcittavAda (Doctrine of vicarious Atonement) pracalita hai usase prAcIna bhArata aparicita thA, aisA 'kadAcit kahA jA sake / samyak jJAna, darzana aura cAritrake prabhAvase purAne-prAktana kamAke phalako rokA jA sakatA hai tathA navIna kAkA evaM unake sAtha sambandha rakhanevAle duHkhamaya janma maraNAdikA bhI nivAraNa ho sakatA hai - yaha hamArA bhAratIya mata hai| prAktana karmAmeM eka avya zakti hotI hai, isa vAtase kisIne inkAra nahIM kiyaa| karmakA phala itanA duratikramaNIya hai ki kevalI bhagavAnako bhI apane pUrvakRta karma bhoganeke liye kucha samaya taka zarIrarUpI kArAgArameM rahanA par3atA hai| isa Azayake zAstroMmeM kitane hI ullekha hai / eka vedapaMthI kavi zihalana mizra kahate hai AkAzamutpatatu gacchatu vA diganta mammonidhiM vizatu tiSThatu vA yatheSTam / janmAntarAjitazubhAzubhakannarANAM chAyeva na tyajati pharmaphalAnuvandhi / -zAntizatakam , 82 / Apa ur3akara AkAzameM cale jAveM, dizAoke usa pAra pahuMca jAveM, samudrake talameM ghusa vaiThe yA cAhe jahAM cale jAveM, parantu janmAntarameM jo zubhAzubha karma kiye haiM unake phala to chAyAke samAna sAtha hI sAtha rahege, ve tumhe kadApi na chodd'eNge| mahAtmA buddhane bhI kahA hai-- na antalikkhe na lamuhamadhjhe na pavatA vivaraM payistA

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63 yatyAlA jagati padezo jaina darzanameM karmavAda na vijatI so jagati padezo ___ yatyahito muJce'yya pApakammA // -dhammapada, 9-12 / antarikSameM cale jAo, samudra meM ghusa jAo, girikandarAmeM jA ghuso, parantu jagatameM aisA koI bhI pradeza nahIM hai ki jahAM tumheM pApa kamIkA phala bhoganA na pdd'e| jainAcArya zrIamitagati kahate hai-- svayaM kRtaM karma yadAtmanA pura phalaM tadIyaM labhate zubhAzubham / pareNa dattaM yadi labhyate sphuTa svayaM kRtaM karma nirarthakaM tadA // -sAmANikapATha, 30 / apane pUrvakRt kA~kA zubhAzubha phala bhoganA hI par3atA hai| yadi anyakRta karmAkA phala hame bhoganA par3atA ho taba hamAre svakRta karma nirarthaka hI rheN| karmakI sattA atyanta prabala hai| usake sAmane kisIkA kucha basa nahIM calatA / yahAM yaha batalAnA abhISTa hai ki vaha karma kyA hai aura karmake sAtha karmaphalakA kyA sambandha hai| ___pUrva mImAMsA darzanameM karmakANDa sambandhI bahuta adhika vivecana hai| parantu aisA pratIta hotA hai ki mImAMsA darzana isake atirikta aura kucha kahanA nahIM cAhatA ki vedavihita karmase svargAdi prApta ho sakate haiN| karmasvabhAva aura karmaprakRtike viSayameM kucha spaSTIkaraNa

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64 jinavANI karanekA kaSTa mImAMsA darzanane nahIM utthaayaa| ata eva yahAM hameM mImAMsA darzanake pecIdA jhagar3emeM par3anekI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| 'ekamevAdvitIyam ! - brahma padArtha- ke svarUpake nirNayameM vedAnta itanA masta ho gayA hai ki vaha vicArajAlase bAhara hI nahIM nikala sktaa| use karmake svabhAvakA nirNaya karaneke liye tanika bhI avakAza nahIM hai| sAMkhya aura yoga darzanake viSayameM bhI yahI bAta kahI jA sakatI hai| vaizeSika darzana bhI karmakI tAttvika AlocanA nahIM karatA / sabhI darzana svIkAra karate hai ki, kamauke sAtha karmaphalakA acchedya sambandha hai| aura prAktana karmake pratApase hI jIva vartamAna avasthA prApta karatA hai, parantu isa viSaya para samyak rItise kisIne bhI vicAra nahIM kiyaa| nyAya darzanane karbhake svarUpakA nirNaya karanekA kucha prayatna kiyA hai| boddha dharmake mUlameM karmatatva hI mukhya hai aisA kahe to ayukta na hogaa| jaina darzanameM karmakI prakRti aura bhogIka saMbandhameM atyanta vistArapUrvaka vivecana kiyA gayA hai| hama yahAM nyAya, bauddha aura jaina ina tIna darzanoMkI tulanAtmaka vivecanA karanekA yatna kreNge| karmake sAtha karmaphalakA sambandha kisa prakAra sthApita huvA yaha prazna nyAya darzanakArake manameM avazya utpanna huvA thaa| karma puruSakRta hai isa bAtakI bhI use khabara thii| karmakA phala avazyambhAvI hai, isase gautamane inkAra nahIM kiyaa| para use yaha bhI mAlUma thA ki kaI vAra puruSakRta karma niSphala calA jAtA ho / yahAM eka ulajhana A pddii| gautamake manameM svabhAvataH hI yaha prazna utpanna huvA ki, puruSakRta karma svayaM hI karmaphala kisa prakAra de sakatA hai|

Page #101
jaina parzanameM karmavAda aneka vAra karmake sAtha karmaphalakA sambandha pratIta nahIM hotA, isa bAtakA samAdhAna karate huve unhoMne karma aura karmaphalake vIcameM, karmase pRthaka eka anya kAraNa praviSTa kara diyaa| unhe kahanA par3A ki- . - IzvaraH kAraNa puruSakarmAphalasya darzanAtU / na puruSakarmAbhAve phalAniSpatteH ttkaarittvaadhetuH| -nyAyasUtra 1, 1, 19, 21 / "karmaka phalameM Izvara hI kAraNa hai| puruSakRta karma aneka bAra niSphala hote huve dekhe jAte hai| puruSakRta karmake abhAvameM karmaka phalako utpatti nahIM hoto ata eva karma hI phalakA kAraNa hai- yadi koI yaha kahe to vaha yathArtha na hogaa| karmaphalakA udaya IzvarAdhIna hai ata eva yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki phalakA ekamAtra kAraNa karma hI hai|" gautama-sammata karmavAdake viSayameM itanA to samajhameM AtA hai ki ve mAnate hai ki karmaphala puruSakRta karbhake AdhIna hai, parantu ve yaha svIkAra nahIM karate ki karmaphalakA ekamAtra aura ananya kAraNa karma hI hai| unake kathanakA sArAMza yaha hai ki, yadi karmaphala ekamAtra karmaka hI AdhIna ho to phira pratyeka karmakA phala prakaTa honA cAhiye / yaha to yathArtha hai ki karmaphala karmake AdhIna hai, parantu karmake phalakA udaya akele 'karma para hI nirbhara nahIM hai| puruSakRta karma aneka bAra niSphala jAte huve dekhA jAtA hai| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki, karmaphalake viSayameM karmase atirikta karmaphala-niyaMtA eka Izvara bhI hai| yahAM para naiyAyika loga vRkSa aura vIjakA udAharaNa dete hai| vRkSa vIjake AdhIna hai, yaha bAta mAna lI jA sakatI hai aura isI prakAra karmaphalako karmake AdhIna mAna sakate hai,

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jinavANI parantu vRkSakI utpatti kevala vIjakI hI apekSA nahIM rakhatI, usake liye havA, pAnI aura prakAzAdikI AvazyakatA hotI hai| isI prakAra karmaphalake liye bhI IzvarakI AvazyakatA hotI hai| __nyAya darzanakA mukhya abhiprAya yaha hai ki, Izvara karmase pRthak hai, parantu karmake sAtha phalakI yojanA kara detA hai| kitane hI dArzanika yaha bAta nahIM svIkAra karate ki Izvara ina jhagaDomeM par3atA hai| prAcIna nyAyameM, karma aura karmaphalavAdakI yukti para hI IzvarakA astitva avalambita hai| navIna naiyAyikoMko isa yukti para vizeSa AsthA nahIM hai / karmake sAtha phalakA sambandha sthApita karaneke liye IzvarakA svIkAra karanekI 'apekSA to phalako pUrNataH karmAdhIna mAnanA- arthAt yaha svIkAra karanA ki karma svayaM hI apanA phala utpanna karatA hai, adhika ucita hai / bauddha dArzanikokA yahI mata hai| anya darzanakAroMke samAna bauddha darzana bhI svIkAra karatA hai ki, karmake kAraNa hI yaha saMsAra-pravAha pravAhita hai| parantu gautama aura buddhake karmameM thor3A antara hai / vaudroMkA karma kyA hai, yaha samajhaneke liye prathama saMsArakA svarUpa samajha lenA caahiye| vauddha matAnusAra saMsAra eka anAdi, ananta aura niHsvabhAva dhArApravAha hai| buddhadeva eka sthAna para kahate haiM--- * "ajJAnase saMskAra aura saMskArase vijJAnakA janma hotA hai / vijJAnase nAma athavA bhautika deha, nAmase SaTkSetra, paTkSetrase indriyAM athavA viSaya, aura viSaya athavA indriya-saMsparzase vedanA paidA hotI

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jaina parzanameM pharmavAda hai / vedanAse tRSNA, tRSNAse upAdAna, upAdAnase bhava, bhavase janma aura janmase vArddhakya, maraNa, duHkha, anuzocanA, yAtanA, udvega aura nairAzya AdikA janma hotA hai| duHkha tathA yantraNAkA cakra isI prakAra calatA rahatA hai|" bauddha matAnusAra saMsAra eka pravAha hai| anAnase saMskAra, saMskArase vijJAna, vijJAnase nAma athavA bhautika deha, aura phira uttarottara paTakSetra, viSaya, vedanA, tRSNA, upAdAna, bhava, janma, jarA, mRtyu AdikA kramazaH janma hotA hai| pArimAyika zabdoMko chor3akara dekheM to bauddha matAnusAra saMsAra eka nirantara, sadA eka samAna pravAhita rahanevAlA vijJAna-pravAha hai| isa vivecanase bhalI bhAMti samajhameM A jAyagA ki, saMsArako karmamUlaka mAnanekA bauddhoMkA kyA Azaya hai arthAt ve karma kise kahate haiN| unake kathanakA bhAva yaha nahIM hai ki karmakA artha kevala purupakRta karma hai| ve loga karmako niyamake arthameM vyavahRta karate haiM / bauddha matAnusAra karmakA artha hai jagadvyApI niyama (Law) | ise 'kAryakAraNabhAva' mI kaha sakate haiN| isa niyamake sammukha saMsArake samasta bhAva, padArtha aura vyApAra zira jhukAte haiN| inhIMse saMsAra calatA hai| saMsAra isa niyama para hI pratiSThita hai| ____ aba phalotpattike viSayameM bauddhoMkA mantavya dekhanA caahiye| ve kahate hai ki karma svAdhIna hai, vIcameM IzvarakI yA anya kisIko AvazyakatA nahIM hai| karma svayaM hI phala utpanna kara sakatA hai| eka

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68 jinavANI manuSya corI kare to vaha corIke pratApase, corIke phalasvarUpa, svayaM cora bana jAtA hai| nyAya matAnusAra caura karmaka sAtha Izvara caura bhAva arthAt corIke phalakA sambandha sthApita karatA hai| vauddha darzana kahatA hai ki, caura karma hI caura bhAvakI utpatti karatA hai / corI eka vijJAna hai| utpattike dUsare kSaNa hI yaha vijJAna, satata ekarUpa pravAhita vijJAnapravAhameM mila gayA; caura karmarUpI saMskAra zeSa raha gayA; isa saMskAramese dUsare hI kSaNa vijJAnakI utpatti huii| yaha caura bhAva isa dUsare kSaNakA vijnyaan| sArAMzataH pUrva kSaNakA vijJAna caura karma, para kSaNake vijJAna caura bhAvakA utpAdaka huvaa| saMkSepameM vauddha darzanakA siddhAnta itanA hI hai ki, karmako kevala puruSakRta karma hI na samajhanA cAhiye; karmaka kAraNa hI saMsAra-pravAha pravAhita hai| phalake sambandhameM karma pUrNa svAdhIna hai| usameM Izvara yA kisI anyake hastakSepako AvazyakatA nahIM hai| bAhya dRSTise bauddha aura jaina darzanameM karmakI prakRti aura vyApArake viSayameM adhika meDha dikhalAI nahIM detaa| jaina matAnusAra karmakA artha puruSakRta prayatnamAtra hI nahIM hai| karma eka virATa-vizvavyApI vyApAra hai| isIke kAraNa saMsAra-pravAha pravAhita hai| phalake viSayameM jaina kahate haiM ki karma pUrNa svAdhIna hai| Izvarako vIcameM par3anekI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| puruSakRta karma kabhI niSphala hotA huvA pratIta ho to bhI Izvarako vocameM phasAnekI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| karmakA phala to avazya hI milatA hai| usake milane meM kamI adhika vilamba bhI ho sakatA hai, parantu karmakA phala na mile yaha to asambhava hai| kisI samaya pApI manuSya hA to bhI Izvarako milatA hai| samAvasyakatA nahIM hai| ka

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jaina darzanameM karmavAda 69 mukhI aura sajjana duHkhI dikhalAI deM to isase yaha siddha nahIM hotA ki karmaphala milatA hI nhiiN| eka jainAcAryane kahA hai - "yA hiMsAvato'pi samRddhiH, arhatpUjAvato'pi dAridryAptiH sAkrameNa prAgupAttasya pApAnubandhinaH puNyasya, puNyAnubandhinaH pApasya ca phalam / tat kriyopAntaM tu karma janmAntare phalipyati iti nAtra niyatakAryakAraNabhAvavyabhicAraH // hiMsaka manuSyakI samRddhi aura arhatpUjAparAyaNa puruSakI daridratAkA kAraNa kramazaH pUrvajanmakRta pApAnubandhI puNyakarma aura puNyAnubandhI pApakarma hai| hiMsA aura arhatpUjA, ye karma kabhI niSphala nahIM jA skte| ina karmoM kA phala to milatA hI hai, cAhe janmAntarameM ho kyoM na mile| karma aura karmaphalameM kAryakAraNabhAva samvandhI kisI prakArakA vyamicAra nahIM hai| jaina matAnusAra prANImAtrako karmaphala to bhoganA hI par3atA hai / phalotpatti ke liye karmaphalaniyaMtA IzvarakA bIcameM koI sthAna nahIM hai / uparokta kathanAnusAra bAhya dRSTise karmake svarUpa aura vyApArake viSayameM jaina mata aura bauddha darzanameM adhika meda pratIta nahIM hotA, parantu vAstavameM ina donoMmeM maulika bheda avazya hai / vAkyoMmeM jitanA sAmya hai utanA athoMmeM nahIM hai| bauddha matAnusAra karma niHsvabhAva niyama hai| jaina matAnusAra karma saMsArI jIvake bandhanakA kAraNa hai| jIvase vaha karma pRthak hai aura vaha eka prakArakA dravya hai / isa karma-dravyake Asavake kAraNa, anAdikAlIna azuddhatA kA jIva bandhanagrasta rahatA hai| jaina darzana

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70 jinavANI karmako kevala puruSakRta prayatna nahIM mAnatA aura na hI vauddhoke samAna niHsvabhAva niyamamAtra bhI mAnatA hai| karma vastutaH jar3a padArtha hai aura AtmAke samAna hI svAdhIna evaM jIvavirodhI dravya hai / aMgrejImeM jise Matter kahate hai jaina darzana karmako lAbhaga usIke samAna eka dravya mAnatA hai / jIvakA aura karmakA svabhAva eka nahIM hai| donoMkA svabhAva bhinna hai| jIvake sAtha mila kara karma usakI vandhanagrasta sAMsArika avasthAkA kAraNa bana jAtA hai| karmakA nivAraNa honese sAMsArika jIva mukta ho jAtA hai| paMcAstikAyameM kahA gayA hai ki "jIvA puggalakAyA annnnonnnnaagaaddhghnnpddiyddhaa| kAle vijujjamANA suhRdumakkhaM diti bhujati // " "jIva aura karma-pudgala paraspara gADha rUpameM mila jAte haiN| samaya Ane para ve pRthak pRthak bhI ho jAte hai / jaba taka jIva aura karmapudgala paraspara mile rahate hai taba taka karma sukha duHkha detA hai aura jIvako vaha bhoganA par3atA hai|" karmaka viSayoM jaina darzanameM khUba vistArapUrvaka carcA kI gaI hai| karma pudgala svabhAva Material hai aura karmarUpI ajIva dravyake sAtha caitanyarUpa jIva-padArtha kisa prakAra mila jAtA hai, ina saba bAtoMkA varNana jaina darzanakAroMne atyanta uttama rItise kiyA hai| ve kahate haiM ki, yaha vizva sUkSmAtisUkSma 'karmavargaNA' nAmaka karmadravya aura cetanasvabhAva jIva-padArthase bharapUra hai / jIva svabhAvata zuddha, mukta, buddha svabhAvavAlA hone para bhI rAgadveSa grasta ho jAtA hai, isase karmavargaNAmeM bhI eka aisA anurUpa bhAvAntara ho jAtA hai ki jisase samasta karma

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71 jaina darzanameM karmavAda vargaNA rAgadveSAbhimUta jIva-padArthameM Azrava prApta karatI hai, aura Azravake pariNAma svarUpa jIva bandhanameM par3a jAtA hai / jaina zuddha jIvako zuddha jalakI aura karmako miTTIkI upamA dekara kahate hai ki saMsArI athavA bandhanagrasta jIvoMko gadale pAnIke samAna samajhanA caahiye| gadale pAnI se miTTI nikAla deM to vaha zuddha-nirmala jala ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra sAMsArI jIvase karmarUpI mala dUra ho jAya to vaha jIva bhI apanI svAbhAvika zuddha, mukta aura buddha avasthA prApta kara letA hai| jaina karmapadagalako ATha bhAgoMmeM vibhakta karate haiM(1) jJAnAvaraNIya karma, ye karma jJAnako Dhaka lete hai| (2) darzanAvaraNIya karma, ye jIvake darzanaguNako Anchana kiye rahate hai| (3) mohanIya karma, ye AtmAke samyaktva athayA cAritra guNako davAe rahate hai| [yAne ananta Anandako dabAtA hai|] (1) antarAya karma, ye jIvakI svAdhIna zaktimeM antarAyarUpa hote hai| (5) vedanIya karma, inake kAraNa jIva saMsArameM sukhaduHkhakA anubhava karatA hai| (6) nAmakarma, yaha karma jIvakI deva, manuSya, liyaca Adi gati jAti zarIrAdikA nirmANa karatA hai| - (7) gotrakarma, isa karmase jIva ucca athavA nIca gotrameM janma grahaNa karatA hai| .

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jinavANI (8) Ayupyakarma, yaha jIvakI AyuSyakA nirmANa karatA hai / jJAnAvaraNIya karmake pAMca meda hai / darzanAvaraNIyake nau bheda haiN| mohanIyake 28 bheda hai / antarAyakarma 5 prakArakA hai / vedanIya 2 prakArakA hotA hai / nAmakarmake 93 bheda haiM / gotrakarma 2 prakArakA hotA hai / AyuSakama 4 tarahakA hotA hai| isa prakAra ATha prakArake karmapudgala 148 bhedomeM vibhakta ho jAte haiM / jaina matAnusAra jIvakA pratyeka bhAva athavA prakRti karmapudgala-janita hotI hai| jIva-zarIrakI asthi bhI asthikarmadvArA nizcita hotI hai / jaina zAstroMmeM uparokta 148 prakArake karmokA vistRta varNana hai| jJAnAvaraNIyAdi aSTavidha kauke jaina dArganikone 'ghAtI' tathA 'aghAtI' nAmase do meda kiye haiN| inameM jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura antarAya karma ghAtI karma haiM tathA vedanIya, nAma, AyuSa tathA gotra ye aghAtI karma haiN| karma Azravake kAraNa jIva bandhanameM par3atA hai arthAt karmabandha karmakA anusaraNa karatA hai| bandhakI prakRti uparokta aSTavidha karmaprakRtike anurUpa hotI hai / bandhakI sthitikA AdhAra karmako sthiti hai| kisa karmakA sthitikAla kitanA hotA hai yaha bhI jaina dArzanikoMne batalAyA hai / karmako phala denevAlI tIna athavA manda zakti para baMdhake anubhava [rasa ] yA ' anubhAga 'kA AdhAra rahatA hai| jaina darzanameM karmako jovavirodhI-pudgalasvabhAvI ajIva dravya mAnA gayA hai| vaha jIvake sAtha kisa prakAra milatA hai isakA saMkSipta

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73 jaina,parzamameM pharmavAda varNana Upara kiyA gayA hai| yahAM yaha bAta yAda rakhanI cAhiye ki jIva sAkSAt sambandhase kamavikArakA kAraNarUpa nahIM hai| isI prakAra karma bhI jIvavikArakA kAraNarUpa nahIM hai| kundakundAcArya kahate hai kucaM sagaM sahAvaM attA katA sagassa bhaavss| na hi poggalakammANaM idi 'jigavayaNaM muNeyadhvaM // kamma pi sagaM kumvadi seNa sahAveNa sammamappANaM // AtmA apane svabhAvAnurUpa karma karatA huvA apane bhAvoMkA kartA rahatA hai / nizcayadRSTise AtmA pudgala-karmasamUhakA kartA nahIM hai| yaha jinavacana hai| zrInemicandrajI isa viSayameM adhika spaSTatayA kahate haiMpuggalakammAdINa kattA vavahArado du, ninchydo| cedaNakaramANAdA suddhanayA suddhabhAvANaM // dravyasaMgraha / vyavahAradRSTise AtmA pudgala-karmasamUhakA kartA hai / azuddha nizcayanayake anusAra AtmA rAgadveSAdi cetana-karmasamUhakA kartA hai| zuddha nizcayanayake anusAra vaha svakIya zuddha bhAvasamUhakA kartA hai| . anaMta jJAna, ananta Ananda Adi AtmAke svAbhAvika guNa haiM / zuddha nayake anusAra AtmA kevala una samasta guNoMkA kartA athavA adhikArI hai| sArAMza yaha ki zuddha nizcayanayake anusAra AtmAke sAtha karmapudgalakA koI sambandha nahIM hai| tathApi azuddha avasthAmeM AtmAmeM rAgadveSAdikA AvirbhAva hotA hai / . , .

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74 .. jinavANI bhAvanimitto banyo bhAvo rdiraagdosmodjudo| -pcaastikaay| vandhameM bhAva nimitta hai aura rati, rAga, dveSa, mohayukta bhAva bandhake kAraNa hai| ____ rAga dveSAdi bhAvapratyayameMse mithyAdarzana, avirati, pramAda, kapAya aura yoga utpanna hote haiN| azuddha nizcayanayake anusAra AtmAbhAvapratyaya athavA mithyAdarzanAAda paMcavidha bhAvakamakA kartA hai| isa prakAra azuddha nizcayanayake anusAra bhI jIva karmapudgalakA kartA nahIM hai| zuddha nizcayanaya aura azuddha nizcayanayake anusAra AtmA karmapudgalakA kartA na hone para bhI vyavahAranayake anusAra jIva dravyabaMdha athavA dravyakarmakA kartA hai| mithyAtvAdi bhAvakarmake udayate AtmA aisI sthitimeM A jAtA hai ki jisase AtmAmeM dravyakarbha yA karmapudgalakA Azrava hotA hai aura isase jIva baMdha bAMdhatA hai| baMdhake kAraNa AtmA pudgalakarmake phalasvarUpa sukha duHkhAdikA bhoga karatA hai| uparokta vivecanase patA calegA ki zuddha nizcayanayako vAta jAne deM to bhI azuddha nizcayanayakI dRSTise AtmA pudgala-karmIkA kartA nahIM hai / yaha caitanya svarUpa hai ata eva karmakA upAdAna kAraNa bhI nahIM ho sakatA aura na hai| bhAvakarmake kAraNa AtmAmeM karmavargaNAkA Azrava hotA hai isa liye AtmAko sIdhe taura para--sAkSAta saMbandhase-- AzravakA nimittakAraNarUpa bhI nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| AtmA mAtra apane bhAvoMkA kartA hai| nizcayanayakA yahI siddhAnta hai / itanA hote

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jaina darzanameM karmavAda 75 huve bhI bhAvapratyaya athavA bhAvakarmake udayase AtmA aisI avasthAmeM * A jAtA hai ki jisase karmapudgala svayaM hI anupama avasthAko prApta hokara sahaja meM hI AtmAmeM pravezalAbha karate haiM / AtmA sAkSAt rUpameM upAdAnakAraNa yA nimittakAraNa na hote huve bhI parokSa rUpase kartA hai, aura isI liye vyavahAradRSTise pudgala karmakA kartA mAnA jAtA hai| yahAM karma saMbandhI jaina siddhAntakA saMkSipta vivecana kiyA gayA hai / nyAya darzanake matAnusAra karmakA artha puruSakRta prayatnamAtra hai / yaha - Upara batalAyA jA cukA hai| isa prakArake prayatnakA phala jaba dikhalAI na diyA taba [ nyAyadarzana-praNetA ] gautamako karmaphala- niyantA IzvarakA astitva svIkAra karanA pdd'aa| usane yaha siddhAnta sthApita kiyA ki karmake sAtha phalakA saMyoga karanA Izvarake adhikArameM hai / bauddha matAnusAra karma kevala puruSakRta prayatnamAtra hI nahIM hai / . vaha eka mahAna vizva vyApAra - saMsAra - niyama - hai / yahI saMsArakI AdhArazilA hai / karma hI saMskAradvArA karmaphalakI utpatti karatA hai / bauddha 1 karmaphalaniyantA Izvarako nahIM mAnate / jaina matAnusAra karma eka jAgatika vyApAra hai| karma svayaM hI, Izvarase niperakSa, karmaphala utpanna karanemeM samartha hai| kabhI kabhI cAhe kinhIM vizeSa kAraNoMse karmakA phala dikhalAI na de yA usakA anubhava na ho, parantu karmakA phala anivArya hai / yaha jaina siddhAntakA sAra hai| jaina siddhAntAnusAra karma na to kevala puruSakRta prayatna hI hai aura na hI niHsvabhAva niyamamAtra hai| karma pudgalasvabhAva arthAta material

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76 jinavANI hai| karmake Azravase nizcayataH zuddha aura vyavahAradRSTi se anAdivaddha jIva punaH bandhanameM par3atA hai| nizcayanayake anusAra jIva svayaM rAgadveSAdi bhAvoMkA kartA hai / jIva karmapudgalakA upAdAnakAraNa yA nimittakAraNa nahIM hai, tathApi rAgadvepAdi bhAvoMke AvirbhAvase AtmAmeM karmakA Azrava hotA hai| isI liye vyavahAradRSTise AtmAko karmapudgalakA kartA kahA jAtA hai / karmake bhI ghAtI aura aghAtI ye do prakAra haiN| isake atirikta jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya ityAdi bhedase karma ATha prakArakA aura zrutAvaraNIya, cAritramohanIya Adi bhedase karma 148 prakArakA hotA hai| ina saba karmoMkA mUlocchedana hone para AtmA nija svabhAvameM ramaNa karatA hai arthAt mukti prApta karatA hai|

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jaina vijJAna jaina saMpradAya vizAla bhAratIya jAtikA eka aMga hai| bhAratavarSakI jo prAcIna saMskRti Aja purAtattvazAstriyoMko cakita kara rahI hai usa saMskRtikA pUrA aura saccA itihAsa, jaina sampradAyakA anuzIlana kiye binA nahIM jAnA jA sakatA; jaina sampradAyake vivaraNake vinA vaha apUrNa rahatA hai| kucha loga bhUlase yaha samajha lete hai ki jaina dharmakA prAdurbhAva sarva prathama mahAvIrasvAmIne kiyA hai, arthAt unakA mata hai ki jaina dharmakA janma IsvIsanake pUrva chaThI yA sAtavI zatAbdI meM huvA hai| jaikobI jaise samartha vidvAnoMne yaha bhrama nivAraNa karanekA khUba prayatna kiyA hai aura unakA yaha prayatna adhikAMzameM saphala huvA hai| jaina dharma isa saMsArakA prAcInase prAcIna dharma hai / bhAgavatakArane jisa RSabhadevako viSNukA mukhya - Adi avatAra mAnA hai vahI jaina saMpradAyakA Adi Izvara, vartamAna cauvIsImeM prathama tIrthakara hai / puNyakSetra bhAratavarSa jisa puruSazreSThake nAmase Aja bhI gauravAnvita hai, jisa mahApuruSake nAma para pratyeka bhAratavAsIko abhimAna

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78 jinavANI hai usa cakravarti-samrAT bharatako brAhmaNa saMpradAya aura jaina saMpradAya donoM hI bhaktibhAvase vandana karate hai / jisa raghupatike caritracitraNase brAhmaNa sAhitya jagamagA rahA hai usa rAmacandrako bhI jaina samAjane apane andara svIkAra kiyA hai| dvArikAdhIza zrIkRSNa aura unake jyeSTha bandhuko bhI jaina sAhityameM acchA sthAna milA hai| unake eka AtmIya-zrI neminAthako to jaina dharmake 22 veM tIrthaMkara honekA saubhAgya prApta huvA hai / gautamabuddhake janmase 250 varSa pahile jaina dharmake 23 ve tIrthakara bhagavAna zrI pArzvanAthakA zAsana vartamAna thA / ina saba bAtoMkA aitihAsika mUlya cAhe jo ho, parantu yaha to siddha ho hI jAtA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIrasvAmIke AvirbhAvase pahile bhI bhAratavarSa meM jaina dharmakA prabhAva thaa| bauddha dharmake prAcInAtiprAcIna granthoMmeM jo " nAyaputta " aura "niggaMtha" ke nAma milate hai ve buddha bhagavAnake pahileke the isameM tanika bhI sandehako sthAna nahIM hai / jaina dharma bauddha dharmakI zAkhA to hai hI nahIM, itanA hI nahIM vaha bauddha dharmase atyanta prAcIna hai| ata eva hama yahAM punaH kahanA cAhate haiM ki, bhAratIya darzana, bhAratIya sabhyatA aura bhAratIya saMskRtike itihAsameM jaina dharmako eka mahattvapUrNa sthAna prApta hai| ___atyanta prAcIna kAlakI adha spaSTa athavA aspaSTa bAtoMko to jAne diijiye| itihAsake prabhAtakAlase jaina mahApuruSoMkA gaurava bhagavAn aMzumAlIkI kiraNoMke samAna pRthvI para dedIpyamAna hotAlagatA hai| isa vAtake pramANa milate hai ki bhAratakA cakravarti-samrATa mauryakalamukuTamaNi candragupta jaina dharmakA anurAgI thaa| prAcInase prAcIna vaiyA

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jaina vijJAna 72 karaNa zAkaTAyana athavA jainendrakA nAma vyAkaraNakA kauna vidyArthI nahIM jAnatA ? mahArAja vikramAdityakI rAjasabhAke navaratnoMmeM eka ratna jainadharmAvalambI thA aisA anumAna ho sakatA hai| abhidhAnapraNetAoMmeM zrI hemacandrAcAryakA sthAna bahuta UMcA hai| darzanazAstrameM, gaNitameM, jyotipameM, vaidyakameM, kAvyameM aura nItizAstra AdimeM jaina paNDitoMne jo bhAga liyA hai-naye naye tathya prakaTa kiye hai - unakI gaNanA karanA sahaja kArya nahIM hai| yUropake madhyakAlIna loka-sAhityakA mUla bhAratavarSa hai aura bhAratavarSameM sarvaprathama lokasAhityakI racanA jaina paNDitone kI hai| jaina tyAgI purupa mahAn loka-zikSaka the| zilpa aura sthApatyameM bhI jaina agragaNya the| koI bhI tIrtha isa vAtakI sAkSI de sakatA hai| ilorA jaise rathAnoMmeM Aja bhI jainoMkI kalAkarAmatake bhagnAvazeSa dekhe jA sakate haiM / Abu aura zatrujayake mandira kisa kalApremIko mugdha nahIM krte| Aja bhI dakSiNameM gomaTezvarakI mUrti kAlakI krUratAkA hAsya karatI huI pratIta hotI hai| isa sambandhameM impIrIyala gejITIyara Apha iMDiyA likhA hai--- These Colossal monolithic nude Jain statues......are among the wonders of the world..." jagatameM yaha eka Azcarya hai| isake atirikta vidharmiyoMke yuga-yugavyApI atyAcAroM, parivartanoM, agni aura bhUkampake upadravoMse bace huve jo namUne Aja milate hai unase yaha siddha hotA hai ki ucca sabhyatAke lagabhaga sabhI kSetroMmeM jainoMne unnati kI thii|

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jinavANI 'jaina samAjake ' dhArAvAhI itihAsa para prakAza DAlanekI mujhameM zakti nahIM hai / jaina vicArapravAhakI samasta taraMgoMkA digdarzana karAnA bhI' asambhavaprAyaH hai / mai yahAM kevala jaina darzana aura vijJAnakA saMkSipta vivaraNa hI upasthita karanA cAhatA hUM / jaina siddhAntAnusAra jagatameM mukhya do tatva hai: jIva aura ajIva / 'jIvakA artha hai AtmA aura jIvase jo bhinna vaha ajIva kahalAtA hai| vijJAna - jar3a vijJAna 2 jaDa vijJAnako hastI ajIva padArtha ke Azrita hI hai| kisIko yaha na samajha lenA cAhiye ki vedAnta jise 'mAyA' kahatA hai vahI ajIba padArtha hai / mAyAkI svatantra sattA nahIM hai; brahmake vinA vaha bekAra hai / parantu yaha ajIvatattva to jIvatattvake samAna hI svAdhIna, svatantra, anAdi aura ananta hai| ajIvako sAMkhyakathita prakRti bhI na mAna baiThanA cAhiye / prakRti yadyapi svAdhIna, svatantra, anAdi, anaMta hai tathApi vaha eka hai; ajIva tattva aneka haiM / nyAya tathA vaizeSika darzana sammata aNu aura paramANu bhI jaina siddhAntamAnya ajIva tattvase bhinna hai, kyoM ki aNu-paramANuke atirikta ajIva tattvake bahutase bheda hai / bauddhoMki "zUnya" meM bhI yaha ajIva tattva nahIM samA jaataa| jaina matAnusAra ajIvake pAMca bheda hai-- pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla | pudgala jise aMgrejImeM meTara (Matter) kahate hai vahI jaina darzanameM pudgala nAmase kathita hai, yaha kahA jAya to anucita na hogaa| 80

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jaina vijJAna pudgalako svarUpa haiN| rUpa, rasa, sparza aura gaMdha ye pudgalake cAra guNa hai| pudgalakI saMkhyA ananta hai| zabda, bandha (milana), sUkSmatA, sthUlatA, AkAra, bheda, aMdhakAra, chAyA, Aloka aura tApa-ye pudgalake paryAya haiM, arthAt pudgalase inakI utpatti hotI hai / zabda, Aloka (prakAza) aura tApako paudgalika mAnanemeM jainoMne kucha aMzoMmeM vartamAna. vaijJAnika khojase samatA pradarzita kI hai| andhakAra aura chAyAko nyAyadarzana paudgalika nahIM maantaa| vaha to inhe abhAvamAtra hI mAnatA hai| dharma dharmakA artha sAdhAraNataH puNyakarma samajhA zAtA hai, parantu jaina darzana isakA yahAM bhinna artha karatA hai / jaina matAnusAra isakA artha Pranciple of motion se milatA julatA hI hai / jisa prakAra machaliyoMkI gatimeM pAnI sahAyatA detA hai usI prakAra jo, ajIvatatva pudgala aura jIvako gati karanemeM sahAyatA detA hai use jaina vijJAna 'dharmatattva' ke nAmase pukAratA hai| dharma amUrta hai, niSkriya hai aura nitya hai| vaha (dharma) jIva aura pudgalako gati nahIM detA- kevala unakI gatimeM sahAyaka hotA hai| adharma adharmakA athapApakarma na samajhanA cAhiye / jaina darzana yahAM isakA artha Principle of iest se milatA julatA karatA hai / rAstA bhUla jAne para musAphira jisa prakAra gADha aMdhakAra phailA huvA dekhakara rAtako kisI jagaha vizrAma karatA hai usI prakAra yaha adharma-ajIvatattva pudgala aura jIvako sthita rahanemeM sahAyatA detA hai| dharmake. samAna.

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jinavANI adhama bhI amUrta, niSkriya aura nitya hai| vaha jIva aura pudgalakI gatiko nahIM rokatA-kevala unakI sthitimeM sahAyatA karatA hai| AkAza jo ajIvatattva jIva Adi padArthoMko avakAza detA hai arthAt jisa ajIvatattvake bhItara jIvAdi padArtha raha sakate haiM use AkAza kahate hai| pAzcAtya vaijJAnika ise Space kahate haiN| AkAza nitya aura vyApaka hai, evaM jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma tathA kAlakA AzrayabhUta hai / jaina isa AkAzake do bheda karate hai-(1) lokAkAza, (2) alokAkAza / lokAkAzameM hI jIvAdi Azraya prApta karate haiM / lokAkAzake vAhada ananta-zUnyamaya aloka hai| kAlakA artha Time hai| padArthaka parivartanameM jo ajIvatattva sahAyatA karatA hai usakA nAma kAla hai| yaha nitya hai aura amUrta hai / usa asaMkhya [1] dravyase lokAkAza paripUrNa hai| pudgalAdi paMca tattvakI itanI AlocanAse hI koI bhI samajha sakatA hai ki vartamAna jaDa vijJAnake mUla tattva jaina darzanameM chupe huve haiM / prAcIna grIsake Democritus se lekara vartamAna yugake Boscovitch takake sabhI vaijJAnikoMne Atom pudgalake astitvako svIkAra kiyA hai| ye Atom anata hai, yaha bAta bhI ve sava mAnate haiM / ve isa viSaya. meM bhI ekamata hai ki inake saMyoga-viyogake kAraNa hI jar3a jagatake sthUla padArtha utpanna hote hai aura layako prApta hote hai|

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jaina vijJAna 83 - prathama Parmenides, Zeno Adi dArzanika dharma athavA Principle of motion ko svIkAra nahIM karate the, parantu bAdameM nyUTana Adi vidvAnoMne gatitattvake siddhAntakI sthApanA kI hai| grIsake Heraclitus Adi dArzanika ' adharma-tattva ' mAnanese inkAra karate the, parantu bAdameM Perfect equilibrium meM adharmatattva - nAmAMtarase ho sahI - svIkAra kara liyA gyaa| keMTa aura hegala AkAza tattvako eka mAnasika vyApAra kahakara bilkula hI uDA denA cAhate the / parantu usake bAda rasela jaise Adhunika dArzanikoMne Space (AkAza) kI tAttvikatAko svIkAra kara liyA / AkAza eka sat evaM satya padArtha hai, isa bAtako adhikAMzameM Einstein bhI mAnatA hai / AkAzake samAna hI kAlako bhI eka manovyApAra kahakara kucha logoMne ur3A 'dene kI koziza kI thI, parantu phrAMsakA eka suprasiddha dArzanika Bergson to yahAM taka kahatA hai ki kAla vAstavameM eka Dynamic reality hai / kAlake prabala astitvako svIkAra kiye binA kAma hI nahIM cala sktaa| uparokta pAMca prakArake ajIva padArthoMke sAtha jo tatva karmavazajakar3A huvA hai usakA nAma jIva hai| jIva 1 'jaina darzanakA jIvatattva vedAnta darzanake brahmase pRthak hai / brahma eka aura advitIya hai, parantu jIvoMkI saMkhyA ananta hai| yaha jIvatattva sAMkhyake puruSase bhI bhinna hai, kyoM ki yaha nityazuddha aura nityamukta nahIM hai, balki baMdhanagrasta hai / yaha jIvatatva nyAya aura vaizeSika darzanake AtmAse bhI bhinna hai, kyoMki vaha (jIvatattva) jar3a nahIM hai, sAkSAt *

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84 jinavANI kartA hai | bauddha jise vijJAnapravAha kahate haiM, jIvatatva vaha bhI nahIM 1 hai, kyoM ki jIva* sat, satya aura nitya padArtha haiM / jaina darzanameM jIvake astitva, cetanA, upayoga, prabhutva, kartRtva, bhoktRtva, dehaparimANatva aura amUrtatva Adi guNoM kA varNana hai / prANavidyA prAcIna jainoMne jo jIvavicArakA upadeza kiyA hai usameM Biology viSayaka Adhunika khojakA pUrvAbhAsa bhalI bhAMti pAyA. jAtA hai / jaina pRthvI, jala, agni aura bAyumeM sUkSma - ekedriya jIvoMkA - astitva mAnate hai / isa sUkSma ekendriya jIvapuJjako Aja vaijJAnika - prANitattvavettA Microspic organisms kahate haiM / jaina vanaspatikAyako ekendriya jIva mAnate haiM / vanaspatimeM bhI prANa haiM, sparzakA anubhava karanekI zakti hai, yaha bhI ve kahate haiM / isa Adhunika yugameM AcArya jagadIzacandra basune vanaspatizAstra sambandhI jo navIna anusandhAna karake Azcarya phailA diyA hai usakA mUla vastutaH isa ekedriya jIvavAdameM chupA huA thA / AtmavidyA - jIvatattvake samAna hI jainaprarUpita AtmavidyA - Psychology bahutase Adhunika anveSaNoMkA AbhAsa pAyA jAtA hai| jIvake guNoMkI gaNanAmeM hamane 'cetanA' aura 'upayoga 'kA ullekha kiyA hai / yahAM ina mukhya guNoMke, viSaya meM vizeSa vicAra karanA hai / cetanA - cetanA, tIna tarahase, hotI hai- karma phalAnubhUti, kAryAnubhUti aura

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jaina vijJAna jJAnAnubhUti / sthAvara jIva-pRthvI, pAnI, agni, vAyu aura canaspatike jIva-kevala karmaphalakI anubhUti karate hai / trasa jIva-do, tIna, cAra aura pAMca iMdriyavAle jIva-apane kAryakA anubhava karate hai| ucca prakArake jIva jJAnake adhikArI hote haiM / cetanAke ina tIna prakAra athavA paryAyoMko pUrNa caitanyake kramavikAsakI tIna maMjile kaheM to anucita na hogaa| jo loga kahate hai ki manuSyase minna jIva kevala acetana yaMtrake samAna hai unakA khaMDana jainoMne haz2AroM varSa pahile kiyA hai| Adhunika yugamai kramavikAsamaya manovijJAna Evolutionary Psychology ke jo do mUla sUtra mAne jAte hai ve pahilese hI jaina darzanameM maujUda the| ve do sUtra ye hai --(1) manuSyase minna-nikRSTa koTike-prANiyoMmeM eka prakArakA -bilkula nIcI koTikA-caitanya Sub-human consciousness hotA hai / isI caitanyameMse mAnavacaitanyakA kramazaH vikAsa hotA hai| (2) prANa aura caitanya Life and consciousness sarvathA sahagAmI hote hai; Co-extensive hai / upayoga . jIvakA dUsarA viziSTa lakSaNa upayoga hai| upayogake do bheda hai : eka darzanopayoga aura dUsarA jJAnopayoga / darzana rUpAdi vizeSa jJAna varjita 'sAmAnyakI anubhUtiko darzana kahate hai / darzanake cAra bheda hai -(1) cakSudarzana, (2) acakSudarzana, (3) avadhidarzana aura (4) kevaladarzana / cakSu saMvandhI anubhUtimAtrakA nAma cakSudarzana hai / zabda, rasa, sparza aura gandhakI

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jinavANI anubhUtiko acakSudarzana kahate haiN| avadhi aura kevala asAdhAraNa darzana hai / sthUla indriyoMse agamya viSayakI avadhivAlI anubhUtiko avadhidarzana kahate | Theosophist saMpradAya jise Clairvoyance kahate hai, kucha aMzoMmeM avadhidarzana usIke samAna hai / vizvakI samasta vastuoMke aparokSa anubhavakA nAma kevaladarzana hai| darzanake pazcAt jJAnake udayako upayogakA dUsarA meda kahe to kaha sakate hai| jJAna prathamataH do prakArakA hai : eka pratyakSa aura dUsarA parokSa / mati, zruta Adi aSTavidha jJAna ina do prakArake jJAnake antargata A jAtA hai| unameM 'kumati ' matijJAnakA, 'kuzruta' zrutajJAnakA aura 'vibhaMga' avadhijJAnakA AbhAsa arthAt Fallacious forms mAtra hotA hai| mati darzanake pazcAt indriyajJAnakI apekSAse jisakI utpatti hotI hai, usakA nAma matijJAna hai| matijJAnake tIna bheda haiM : upalabdhi, bhAvanA aura upayoga / isa tIna prakArake matijJAnako jaina dArzanika bahudhA pAMca bhedoMmeM vibhakta karate hai -mati, smRti, saMjJA, ciMtA aura Aminibodha / (zuddha) mati darzanake pazcAt turanta hI jo vRtti utpanna hotI hai use upalabdhi athavA zuddha matijJAna kahA jAtA hai| pAzcAtya manovijJAna ise Sence instuition athavA Perception kahatA hai| jaina dArzanika

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4G jaina vijJAna matijJAnake do bheda karate hai / jisa matijJAnakA AdhAra vAhya indriyAM haiM vaha indriyanimitta matijJAna; aura jo kevala anindriya hai arthAt manakI apekSA rakhatA hai vaha anindriyanimitta matijJAna kahalAtA hai| dArzanika Locke ne Idea of sensation aura Ideas of reflection nAmaka jina do cittavRttiyoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai tathA Adhunika dArzanika jinhe Extraspection (vahiranuzIlana) aura Introspection (antaranuzIlana) dvArA prApta jJAna kahate hai unhIMko jaina dArzanika kramazaH indriyanimitta matijJAna tathA anindriyanimitta matijJAna kahate hai, aisA kaha sakate haiN| karNa Adi pAMca indriyoMke bhedase indriyanimitta matijJAna bhI pAMca prakArakA hai| jisa prakAra vartamAna yugake vaijJAnikoMne Perception meM vibhinna prakArakI cittavRttiyoMkA patA lagAyA hai, usI prakAra ati prAcIna kAlameM jaina paNDitone matijJAnameM cAra prakArakI vRttiyAM mAlama kI thii| unhoMne inheM avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNA nAmase kramavaddha kiyA hai| avagraha avagraha bAhya vastuke sAmAnya AkArako pahicAna karAtA hai| isa bAhya vastuke svarUpakA sunizcita, savizeSa jJAna avagrahase nahIM prApta hotaa| yaha Sensation athavA kucha aMzoMmeMPrimum Cognitum hai| dehA avagrahagrahIta viSaya para IhAkI kriyA hotI hai| avagrahIta viSayake

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( a jinavANI saMbandhameM adhika-vizeSa jAnanekI spRhAkA nAma IhA hai / arthAt avagrahIta viSayake praNidhAna Perceptual attention (vicAraNA)ko IhA kahate hai| avAya yaha paripUrNa indriyajJAnakI tIsarI bhUmikA hai| Ihita viSayake saMvandhameM savizeSa jJAnakA nAma avAya hai / ise Perceptual determination (nirdhAra) kaha sakate hai| dhAraNA dhAraNA indriya jJAnake viSayako sthitizIla karatI hai / ise Perceptual retention kaha sakate hai| dhAraNAkI bhUmikA hI indriyajJAnakI paripUrNatA hai| ___avagraha Adike aura bhI bahutase sUdama bheda hai, parantu vistAra ho jAya yA viSaya kliSTa ho jAya isa bhayase unheM chor3a diyA gayA hai| vidvajjana itane hI se yaha bAta samajha sakate hai ki Adhunika yuropIya vidvAnoMne Perception ke vikAsakA jo krama batalAyA hai usakA vivaraNa jaina paNDitoMne pahile hI se zuddha matijJAnake prakaraNameM kara diyA hai| smRti matijJAnake dUsare prakArakA nAma smRti hai / isase indriyajJAnake viSayakA smaraNa hotA hai / smRtiko pAzcAtya vaijJAnika Recollection athavA Recognition kahate hai| Hobbes ke matAnusAra to

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jaina vijJAna smaraNakA viSaya athavA Idea kevala maraNonmukha indriyajJAna hai Nothing but decaying sense | Hume bhI yahI mAnatA hai| dArzanika Reid isa siddhAntakA uttama rIti se khaNDana karatA vaha kahatA hai ki smaraNake vipayako indriya-jJAna-viSayakI apekSA avazya hai aura usameM sAdRzya bhI hai, tathApi kitane hI aMzoMmeM yaha viSaya navIna hai / aisA mAlama hotA hai ki jaina paNDitoMne hajAroM varSa pUrva smRtijJAnake viSayameM jo nirNaya kiyA thA usIkA ye vaijJAnika mAnoM anuvAda kara rahe hai; aura yaha kucha kama AzcaryakI bAta nahIM hai| - saMjJA saMjJAkA dUsarA nAma pratyabhijJAna hai / pAJcAtya manovijJAnameM ise Assimulation, Comparison aura Conception kahate haiM / anubhUti athavA smRtikI sahAyatAse viSayakI tulanA yA saMkalanA 'dvArA jJAna saMgRhIta karaneko pratyabhijJAna kahate hai / isa pratyabhijJAnakI sahAyatAse cAra prakArakA jJAna prApta ho sakatA hai - (1) gavaya (nIlagau) nAmaka prANI gAya jaisA hotA hai| aMgrejImeM isa jJAnako Association by similarity kahate haiM / (2) bhaisa nAmaka prANI gAyase bhinna prakArakA hotA hai arthAt Association by Contrast | go-piMDa arthAt gAya-vizeSako dekhanese gotva arthAt go-sAmAnya viSayaka jJAna hotA hai / isa sAmAnya jJAnako aMgrejImeM Conception kahate haiM / bhinna bhinna viSayoMke sAmAnyako jaina darzanameM tiryak sAmAnya kahA hai| isakA pAzcAtya nAma Species idea hai / (4) eka hI padArthakI bhinna bhinna pariNati meM bhI usI eka evaM advitIya padArthakI upalabdhi hotI

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jinavANI hai / aMgUThI yA kuMDalake bhinna bhinna AkAroMmeM, bhinna bhinna alaMkAra rUpameM pariNata hone para bhI, unameM hama pratyabhijJAnake pratApase suvarNa nAmaka mUla dravyako hI dekha sakate hai / bhinna bhinna pariNatiyoMmeM jo dravyagata aikya, sAmAnya hai use jaina darzana UrdhvatA-sAmAnya kahatA hai / UrdhvatAsAmAnyakA pAzcAtya nAma Substratum athavA Esse hai| citA sAdhAraNataH cintAko tarka yA Uha kahA jAtA hai| pratyabhijJAnase prApta donoM viSayoMmeM accheca saMbandhakI khoja karanA tarkakA kAma hai| pAzcAtya manovijJAna ise Induction kahatA hai| yuropIya pANData kahate hai ki Indnation, observation bhUyodarzanakA phala hai| jaina naiyAyika bhI upalambha aura anupalambha dvArA tarkakI pratiSThA mAnate hai| donoMke kathanakA tAtparya eka hI hai| pAzcAtya tArkika Inductive Truth ores Invariable yan Unconditional relationship kahate hai jainAcAryone kitanI hI zatAbdI pUrva yahI vAta kaha dI thii| unake matAnusAra tarkalabdha sambandhakA nAma avinAbhAva athavA anyathAnupapatti hai| abhinivodha tarkalabdha viSayakI sahAyatAse honevAle anya viSayake jJAnako aminibodha kahate hai| sAdhAraNataH abhinivodhako anumAna mAnA jAtA hai| isIko pAzcAtya granthoMmeM anumAna Deduction, Retiocmation athavA Syllogism nAma diyA gayA hai| dhuvAM dekhakara yaha kahanA ki parvato vahnimAn / (parvatameM agni) hai-isa prakArake bodhakA nAma anumAna

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jaina vijJAna 91 hai| isameM parvata 'dharmI' kiMvA 'pakSa'; vahni 'sAdhya'; aura ghUma 'hetu', 'liMga ' athavA 'vyapadeza ' hai / pAzcAtya nyAyapranthoMmeM Syllogism ke antargata inhIM tIna viSayoMkI vidyamAnatA dikhatI hai / inake nAma Minorterm, Major term aura Middle term hai| anumAna vyAptijJAna para - arthAt agni aura ghUmameM jaisA avinAbhAva saMbandha hai usa para -- pratiSThita hai / yaha vyAptitattva pAzcAtya nyAyake Distribution of the - middle term ke antargata hai / jaina dRSTise anumAnake do bheda hai(1) svArthAnumAna aura ( 2 ) parArthAnumAna / jisa anumAna dvArA anumApaka svayaM kisI tathyakI khoja karatA hai use svArthAnumAna, aura jisa vacana - vinyAsa dvArA ukta anumApaka anyako vaha tathya samajhAtA hai use parArthAnumAna kahate hai / grIka dArzanika Aristotle anumAnake tIna avayava batalAtA hai- (1) jo jo dhUmavAn hai vaha vahnimAn hai - (2) yaha parvata dhUmavAna hai, (3) ata eva yaha parvata vahnimAna hai / bauddha * anumAnake tIna avayava isa prakAra batalAte hai- (1) jo dhUmavAn hai vaha vahnimAn hai / (2) yathA mahAnasa ( 3 ) yaha parvata dhUmavAn hai / mImAMsaka bhI anumAnake tIna avayava mAnate hai / inake matAnusAra anumAnake ye do rUpa ho sakate haiM : prathama rUpa - (1) yaha parvata vahnimAn hai, (2) kyoM ki yaha dhUmavAn hai, (3) jo dhUmavAn hotA hai vaha vahnimAn hotA haiM, yathA mahAnasa / dvitIya rUpa - (1) jo dhUmavAn hai vaha vahnimAn hai, yathA mahAnasa / yaha parvata vahnimAn hai / naiyAyika anumAnako paJcAvayava mAnate haiN| unake matAnusAra anumAnakA AkAra yaha hogA - ( 1 ) yaha parvata vahnimAn hai, (2) kyoM ki yaha dhUmavAn hai / (3) jo

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jinavANI 'dhUmavAn hotA hai vaha vahnimAna hotA hai yathA mahAnasa / (4) yaha parvata dhUmavAn hai, (5) isa liye yaha vahnimAn hai| anumAnake ye pAMca avayaca kramazaH pratijJA, hetu, udAharaNa, upanaya aura nigamanake nAmase prasiddha haiM / jaina darzanake naiyAyika kahate hai ki udAharaNa, upanaya aura nigamana nirarthaka hai / jaina anumAnake do avayava mAnate hai-(1) yaha parvata vahnimAn hai, (2) kyoM ki yaha dhUmavAn hai| jaina kahate haiM ki koI bhI buddhimAn prANI ina do avayavoMse hI anumAnake viSayako samajha sakatA hai / ata eva anumAnake anya avayava vekAra hai / parantu yadi zrotA alpabuddhi ho to usake liye jaina loga naiyAyikoMka pAMca avayavoMkA svIkAra karate hI hai, itanA hI nahIM isake atirikta pratijJAzuddhi, hetuzuddhi jaise aura bhI pAMca avayava caDhAkara anumAnake dasa avayava banAte haiM / zrutajJAna anumAna taka matijJAnakA, arthAt indriyasaMzliSTa jJAnakA adhikAra hai| zrutajJAna nitya-satyake bhaNDArarUpa hai| isIkA dUsarA nAma Agama hai / jaina RgvedAdi cAra vedAMko Agama yA pramANarUpa nahIM mAnate / ve kahate hai ki jinhoMne apanI sAdhanA-tapazcaryAke valase lokottaratva prApta kiyA hai unhIM siddha, sarvajJa, tIrthaMkara bhagavAnake vacana sarvotkRSTa Agama ho sakate hai / kabhI kabhI jaina apane Agamako veda bhI kahate hai aura unheM cAra bhAgoMmeM vibhakta karate hai| jisa prakAra matijJAnake avagrahAdi cAra bheda athavA paryAya hai usI prakArace zrutajJAnake bhI labdhi, bhAvanA, upayoga aura naya ye cAra bheda karate haiN| ye cAra meda vastutaH vyAkhyAna-bhedamAtra hai / isa vyAkhyAnapraNAlIko

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jaina vijJAna kucha aMzoMmeM pAzcAtya tarkavidyA viSayaka Explanation ke samAna kaha sakate hai| labdhi kisI bhI padArthako, usake sAtha. sambandha rakhanevAle, kisI bhI viSayakI sahAyatAse samajhAnekA nAma labdhi hai| bhAvanA kisI bhI vipayako, pUrva avadhArita kisI viSayake svarUpa, usakI prakRti athavA kriyAkI sahAyatAse samajhAneke prayatnako bhAvanA kahate haiM / bhAvanA viSaya-vyAkhyAnakI eka ati unnata praNAlI hai| yaha padArtha evaM tatsambandhI anya bahutasI vastuoM para vicAra karake nirNaya karane yogya padArthakA nirUpaNa karaneko Age bar3hatI hai| upayoga bhAvanA-prayoga dvArA padArthakA svarUpanirdeza karanekA nAma upayoga hai| bhAratIya darzanoMmeM 'nayavicAra' jaina darzanakI eka vizeSatA hai| padArthakI saMpUrNatAkI ora pUrNa dhyAna diye binA, kisI eka viziSTa dRSTikoNase viSayako prakRtikA nirUpaNa karanA 'naya' kahalAtA hai / dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika nAmase nayake do bheda hai / dravyArthika nayakA viSaya dravya aura paryAyArthika nayakA viSaya paryAya hai / dravyArthika naya . naigama, saMgraha aura vyavahAra bhedase tIna prakArakA hotA hai / RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUDha tathA evaMbhUta bhedase paryAyArthika naya cAra prakArakA hotA hai|

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jinavANI vastu-svarUpakA vicAra na karake, kisI eka bAhya svarUpa sambaMdhI vicAra karanekA nAma naigama hai / koI vyakti IMdhana, pAnI aura anya sAmagrI liye jAtA ho, taba usase pUchA jAya ki "tuma yaha kyA karate ho?" to vaha uttarameM kahe ki "mujhe rasoI karanI hai"| usakA yaha uttara naigamanayakI dRSTi se hogaa| isameM IMdhana, pAnI tathA anya sAmagrIke svarUpake sambandhameM kucha bhI nahIM kahA gyaa| kevala yahI batalAyA gayA hai ki usakA kyA uddezya hai| saMgraha __vastuke vizeSa bhAvakI ora dhyAna na dekara, vaha vastu jisa bhAvasaMvandhase apanI jAtikI anya vastuoMke sAtha sAzya yA samAnatA rakhatI ho usakI ora dhyAna denekA nAma saMgrahanaya hai / saMgrahanayase 'pAzcAtya darzanake Classification kA milAna kara sakate haiN| vyavahAra uparokta-saMgraha-nayase yaha bilkula alaga paDatA hai| sAmAnya bhAvakI upekSA karake viziSTatAkI ora dhyAna denekA nAma vyavahAranaya hai| pAzcAtya vijJAnameM ise Spacification athavA Individuation kahA jAtA hai| jusUtra vastukI paridhiko kucha adhika saMkucita karake, usakI vartamAna avasthA dvArA nirUpaNa karanekA nAma RjusUtra hai| alaga paDatA hai karake viziSTatAka

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jaina vizAla ____yaha aura isake bAdake do naya zabdake arthakA vicAra karate haiN| kisI zabdakA vAstavika artha kyA hai ? isa praznakA uttara tIna prakArake naya apanI apanI padatise dete haiN| pratyeka paravarti naya, apanese pUrvavarti nayakI apekSA zabdaka arthako adhika saMkIrNa banAtA hai| 'zabda-naya zabdameM adhiphase adhika arthakA AropaNa karatA hai| ina zabda-nayakA Azaya yaha hotA hai ki ekArthavAcaka zabda liMga, vacanAdi kramase paraspara bhina hone para bhI eka hI arthaka ghotaka hote haiN| samabhiruDha samabhilTa pratyeka zabdake mUla dhAtukI ora le jAtA hai| vaha batalAtA hai ki ephArthavAcaka zada bhI vastutaH bhinna bhinna arthako ghotita karate haiN| gA tathA purandara bhanda, gandanayake anusAra ekArthavAcI haiM parantu samabhinlahake anusAra zaktizAlI puruSa hI zaka, aura puravidAraka hI puraMdara kahalAyegA / arthAt isa nayake anusAra zaka aura purandarakA ayaM bhinna bhinna hai| evaMbhRta jahAM taka padArtha nirdiSTa rUpase kriyAzIla hotA hai usI samaya taka usa padArthako tatsambandhI kriyAvAcaka zabdase pahicAnA jA sakatA hai| usake dUsare kSaNase usa bhadakA vyavahAra vanda ho jAtA hai| jaba taka purupa zaktiyAlI hai tabhI taka vaha 'zaka' hai| gaktihIna hote hI yaha vyavahAra banda ho jAtA hai arthAt phira use zaka nahIM kaha skte| ise evaMbhUta-naya ' kahate hai /

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jinavANI nayase padArthakA ekadeza mAlUma hotA hai / padArthake yathArtha aura pUrNa svarUpako jAnaneke liye jainAgama-svIkRta syAdvAdakA Azraya lenA cAhiye / yaha syAdvAda athavA saptamaMgI jaina darzanakI eka mahAnase mahAn viziSTatA hai| syAdvAda padArtha agagita guNake AdhArarUpa hai| ina samasta bhinna guNoMkA padArthameM kramaza Aropa karanekA nAma syAdvAda nahIM hai| eka evaM advitIya guNakA padArthameM AropaNa kiyA jAya to usakA sAta prakArase nirUpaNa ho sakatA hai-usakA varNana sAta prakArase kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa saptadhA vivaraNakA nAma syAvAda athavA saptabhaMgI nyAya hai / udAharaNArtha, ghaTa nAmaka padArthameM astitva nAmaka guNakA Aropa kare to usakA nirUpaNa nimnalikhita vidhise sAta prakArase kara sakate hai (1) syAdasti ghaTaH arthAt kisI eka apekSAse [ kisI eka dRSTikoNase-vicArase ] ghaTa hai aisA kaha sakate hai / parantu 'ghaTa hai' isakA abhiprAya kyA hai ? isakA yaha artha nahIM ki ghaTa eka nitya, satya, ananta, anAdi, aparivartanIya padArtharUpameM vidyamAna hai| 'ghaTa hai| isakA artha yahI hai ki svarUpake vicArase arthAt ghaTarUpase; tva-dravyake vicArase arthAt vaha miTTIkA vanA hai isa dRSTise; sva-kSetrake vicArase arthAt amuka zaharameM (paTanA zaharameM) aura sva-kAla arthAt amuka eka Rtu (vasaMta Rtu)meM vaha vartamAna hai| ___.(2) syAnAsti ghaTaH arthAt kisI eka apekSAse ghaTa nahIM hai / para-rUpa arthAt paTa-rUpame, para-dravyake vicArase arthAt svarNamaya

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jaina vijJAna alaMkArakI apekSAse, para-kSetra arthAt anya kisI zaharakI (gAMdhArakI) apekSAse aura para-kAlakI arthAt anya kisI Rtu (zItantu)ko apekSAse yaha ghaTa nahIM hai, yaha bhI kaha sakate hai| (3) syAdasti nAsti ca ghaTaH arthAt eka apekSAse ghaTa hai aura anya apekSAse ghaTa nahIM hai| sva-dravya, sva-kSetrakI apekSAse vaha ghaTa hai aura para-dravya, para-kSetrakI apekSAse vaha ghaTa nahIM hai| yaha vAta Upara kahI jA cukI hai| (4) syAdavaktavyaH ghaTaH arthAt eka apekSAse ghaTa avaktavya hai| eka hI samayameM hameM aisA pratIta ho ki ghaTa hai aura ghaTa nahIM hai to isakA artha yaha huvA ki ghaTa avaktavya ho gayA, kyoM ki bhASAmeM koI bhI zabda aisA nahIM hai, jo eka hI samayameM astitva aura nAstitvako prakaTa kara ske| tIsare bhedameM hama jo ghaTakA astitva dekha Aye hai usakA Azaya yaha nahIM hai ki jisa kSaNameM hameM ghaTakA astitva pratIta hotA hai usI kSaNameM usakA nAstitva pratIta hotA hai| (5) syAdasti ca avaktavyaH ghaTaH arthAt eka apekSAse ghaTa hai aura vaha bhI avaktavya hai| prathama aura caturtha bhedako eka sAtha milAnese yaha bheda samajhameM A skegaa| (6) syAnAsti ca avaktavyA ghaTA arthAt eka apekSAse ghaTa nahIM hai aura vaha bhI avaktavya hai| isa nayakA AdhAra dUsare aura cauye bhedakA saMkalana hai| (7) syAdasti ca nAsti ca avaktavyaH ghaTa: arthAt eka

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jinavANI apekSAse ghaTa hai, ghaTa nahIM hai, aura vaha bhI avaktavya hai| yaha saptama bheda tIsare aura cauthe bhedake yogase banA hai| jaina dArzanikokA kahanA hai ki yathArtha vastuvicArake liye yaha saptamaMgI athavA syAdvADa anivArya hai| syAdvAdakA Azraya liye binA vastukA svarUpa samajhameM nahIM A sktaa| 'ghaTa hai| aisA kahanemAtrase usakA samasta vivaraNa ho gayA aisA nahIM kaha skte| 'ghaTa nahIM hai| aisA kahanemeM bhI bahuta apUrNatA raha jAtI hai| 'ghaTa hai aura ghaTa nahIM hai' aisA kaha denA bhI kAphI nahIM hai| 'ghaTa avaktavya hai| yaha bhI pUrNa vivaraNa na huvaa| jaina isa bAta para bar3A jora dete hai ki saptabhaMgIke eka do bhedokI sahAyatAse vastu-svabhAvakA pUrNa nirUpaNa nahIM ho sktaa| - aura jainoMkA ukta mantavya nagaNya kaha dene yogya nahIM hai| pratyeka bhedameM kucha na kucha satya to avazya hai| pUrvokta sAto nayakI dRSTi se dekhA jAya tabhI pUrNa satya evaM tathya mAlUma ho sakatA hai / jisa prakAra astitvake viSayameM saptamaMgIkA kramazaH vyavahAra huA hai usI prakAra nityatA Adi guNoM para bhI use ghaTA sakate haiN| arthAt padArtha nitya hai yA anitya, yaha jAnaneke liye bhI jaina pUrvokta saptabhaMgIkA Azraya lete haiN| jaina siddhAnta to kahatA hai ki padArtha-tattvake nirUpaNake liye syAdvAda hI ekamAtra upAya hai| dravya dravyakI utpatti hai aura unakA vinAza bhI hai aisA hama saba mAnate hai| bhAratavarSameM bauddha aura grIsameM Herahtuske ziSya dravyako

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jaina vijJAna anitya mAnate the, parantu vastutaH dekhA jAya to, dikhalAI denevAle utpatti aura vinAsameM arthAt parivartanamAtrake mUlameM eka aisA tattva rahatA hai jo sadaiva avikRta hI rahatA hai| udAharaNake liye, svarNAlaMkArake parivartanameM sonA to vahakA vahI rahegA- kevala usake AkArameM parivartana hotA rahatA hai| bhAratavarSameM vedAntiyoMne aura grIsameM Parmenideske anuyAyiyoMne parivartanavAda jaisI vastuko hI ur3A diyA hai| unhoMne dranyakI nitya sattA aura avikRti para hI bhAra diyA hai / syAdvAdI jaina ina donoM vAtoMko amuka apekSAse svIkAra karate hai aura amuka apekSAse inakA parihAra karate hai| ve kahate haiM ki sattA bhI hai aura parivartana bhI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki ve dravyakA varNana karate samaya use 'utpAdavyaya-dhauvyayukta' kahate haiM / arthAt (1) dravyakI utpatti hai, (2) dravyakA vinAza hai aura (3) dravyake bhItara eka aisA tatva hai jo utpatti-vinAzarUpa parivartanameM bhI avikRta-aparivartita aura aTUTa rahatA hai| dravya, guNa, paryAya dravyakA vicAra karaneke samaya usake guNa aura paryAya para bhI vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai| jaina loga dravyako kucha aMzoMmeM Cartesian ke Substance ke samAna mAnate hai| dravyake sAtha jo cirakAla avicchina rUpase rahatA hai athavA jisake binA dravya, dravya hI nahIM rahatA, use 'guNa' kahate haiN| dravya svabhAvataH avikRta rahakara ananta parivartanoM ke bhItara jo dikhalAI detA hai vaha paryAya hai| jaina jise paryAya kahate haiM use Cartesian mode kahatA hai / jaina dRSTise pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla ye pAMca ajIva dravya hai|

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100 'jinavANI jIva bhI dravya hai aura saba milakara kula chaH dravya haiN| avadhijJAna mati-zrutAdi paMcavidha jJAnameM matijJAna aura zrutajJAna para vicAra kiyA gayA hai / ava avadhijJAnAdi para vicAra kreNge| ___ jo sava rUpa-viziSTa dravya sthUla indriyoMke liye agocara hai unakI asAdhAraNa anubhUtikA nAma avadhijJAna hai| Ajakala jise Clairvoyance kahate hai, kucha aMzoMmeM avadhijJAnakI usake sAtha tulanA kara sakate hai / avadhijJAnake tIna bheda hai - dezAvadhi, paramAvadhi aura sarvAvadhi / dezAvadhi dizA aura kAlase sImAbaddha hai / paramAvadhi asIma hai| sarvAvadhike dvArA vizvake samasta rUpayukta dravyoMkA anubhava ho sakatA hai| manAparyava anyakI cittavRttike viSayake anubhavakA nAma 'mana paryavajJAna' hai| pAzcAtya vijJAna meM ise TelIpaithI athavA Mind-reading kahate haiN| mana paryavajJAnake Rjumati tathA vipulamati, ye do bheda hai| Rjumati saMkIrNatara hai| vipulamatikI sahAyatAse vizvake samasta cittasaMbandhI viSayoMkA sUkSma avalokana ho sakatA hai| kevalajJAna caitanyamukta jIvoke jJAnakI yaha ekadama antima maryAdA hai| kevalajJAnameM vizvake samasta viSayoMkA samAveza ho jAtA hai| kevalajJAna mAne sarvajJatA aisA kaha sakate hai| kevalajJAna AtmA se hI utpanna

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jaina, vijJAna 101 hotA hai| isameM indriya yA anya kisI vastuko sahAyatAkI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI 4 kevalajJAnI muktiko prApta yA mukta puruSa hotA hai| yahAM kevalajJAnake sAtha hI hameM jaina darzanakathita sAta tattvoMkA smaraNa hotA hai| ina sAta tatvoMke nAma ye haiM - jIva, ajIva, Azrava, caMdha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa | jIva, ajIva jaina darzanAnusAra jIva cetanAdi guNa viziSTa hai / svabhAvataH zuddha jIva anAdi kAlase ajIvataravase lipta hai / isa ajIva tattvase chuTakArA pAnekA nAma mukti hai / Azrava svabhAvataH zuddha jIva jaba rAga-dveSa karatA hai taba jIvameM karmapudgala Azrava prApta karate hai- praveza karate hai| Azravake do bheda haiMeka zubha aura dUsarA ashubh| zubha Azravase jIva svargAdike sukhoMkA adhakAri banatA hai aura azubha Azravase ise narakAdikI yAtanAeM sahana karanI par3atI hai / AzravakAlameM jo karma-pudgala jIvameM praveza karate hai unakI prakRti ATha prakArakI hotI hai| jJAnAvaraNIya karma, ' darzanAvaraNIya karma, mohanIya karma, vedanIya karma, Ayukarma, nAmakarma, gotrakarma aura antarAyakarma / jo karma jJAnako Dhaka letA hai vaha jJAnAvaraNIya hai / jisase jIvakA svAbhAvika darzanaguNa Dhaka jAtA hai vaha darzanAvaraNIya hai /

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'jinavANI jo karma jIvake samyaktva aura cAritraguNakA ghAta karatA hai, jIvako azraddhA aura lobhAdimeM phaMsA detA hai usakA nAma mohanIya karma hai| vedanIya karmake pratApase jIvako sukha-duHkharUpa sAmagrI prApta hotI hai| Ayukarmake pariNAmasvarUpa jIva manuSyAdike AyuSyako prApta karatA hai / jIvakI gati, jAti, zarIra Adike sAtha nAmakarmakA saMbaMdha rahatA hai| ucca yA nIca gotra milanekA AdhAra gotrakarma hai / antarAyakarmase dAnAdi satkAryameM bhI vighna par3atA hai| isa aSTavidha karbhake anya bahutase bheda hai, jinhe vistAramayase chor3a diyA gayA hai| baMdha svabhAvataH mukta jIva uparokta kathanAnusAra karmapudgalake Azravase bandhanagrasta rahatA hai| ajIva karmapudgalake sAtha jIvake mila jAnekA nAma baMdha hai| saMvara sAMsArika mohameM par3e huve jIvameM karmakA Azrava jisake dvArA ruka jAtA hai usakA nAma saMvara hai / saMvara baMdhanagrasta jIvako muktimArga para le jAtA hai / jaina zAstroMmeM kathita tIna gupti, pAMca samiti, dazavidha yatidharma, bAraha anuprekSA, bAIsa prakArake pariSahakA jaya, pAMca prakArakA cAritra aura bAraha prakArakA tapa saMvara sAdhaneke sAdhana hai / ina sabake lakSaNoMkA varNana karanekA yaha sthAna nahIM hai / nirjarA karmake ekadezIya kSayakA nAma nirjarA hai| usake do bheda hai'eka savipAka aura dUsarA avipAka / nirdiSTa phalabhogake pazcAt

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jaina vijJAna karmakA jo svAbhAvika kSaya hotA hai usakA nAma savipAka nirjarA hai; aura karmabhogase pahile dhyAnAdi sAdhanA dvArA jo karmakSaya hotA hai usakA nAma avipAka nirjarA hai| mokSa jIvake samasta karmokA anta hone para vaha mokSako-svAbhAvika avasthAko - prApta karatA hai| jaina zAstrameM mokSamArgake 14 sopAnokA varNana hai| inhe 14 guNasthAnaka kahA jAtA hai| yahAM to kevala unake nAma hI likha kara santoSa karatA huuN| (1) mithyAtva, (2) sAsAdana, (3) mitra, (4) avirata samyaktva, (5) dezavirata, (6) pramattavirata, (7) apramattavirata, (8) apUrvakaraNa, (9) anivRttikaraNa, (10) sUkSmasaMparAya, (11) upazAMtamoha, (12) kSINamoha, (13) sayogakevalI, (14) ayogakevalI ina sabake lakSaNako chor3a detA huN| mokSamArga jainAcArya samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritrakoekasAtha tInoMko-mokSamArgaprApaka- mokSamArgameM lejAnevAlA-kahate hai| inheM triratna athavA ratnatrayI bhI kahA jAtA hai| samyagdarzana jIva, ajIva Adi pUrvakathita tatvoMkA jo vivaraNa phiyA usameM acala zraddhA rakhanekA nAma samyagdarzana hai| samyagjJAna * ' saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya nAmaka tIna prakArake samAropa

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104 jinavANI athavA,ye tIna prakArako bhrAntiyAM haiN| ina samAropoMse rahita-bhrAntirahita-jJAnakA nAma samyagjJAna hai| samyakcAritra rAga-dveSarahita hokara pavitra AcaraNakA anuSThAna karanekA nAma samyakcAritra hai| upasaMhAra jaina vijJAnakA varNana karate samaya, yahAM aura bhI bahutasI bAtoMkA ullekha karanA Avazyaka hai / parantu zrotAoMko yA vAcakoMko aruci ma ho jAya-ve ukatA na jAya -isa uddezyase maine yathAgasya saMkSepa hI kiyA hai| nahIM to jaina kAvya, jaina kathA, jaina sAhitya, jaina nItigrantha, jaina jyotipa, jaina cikitsAzAstra AdimeM itanI bAte, itane siddhAnta aura itane aitihAsika upakaraNa haiM ki unakA ucita vivecana kiye binA sAdhAraNa janatA unhe samajha nahIM sktii| maiMne yahAM jaina vijJAnakI jo rUparekhA dikhalAI hai vaha to bilkula sAdhAraNa hai; ise to jaina darzanakA kevala hADapiMjara kahA jAya to bhI anucita na hogaa| 1. pramANAbhAsa kyA hai ? vAdavicAra kaisA hotA hai ? phalaparIkSAkI paddhati kyA hai ? ityAdi bahutasI vAte jaina darzanameM hai| maiMne yahAM unako to sparza taka nahIM kiyA, tathApi mujhe vizvAsa hai ki sujJa puruSa itane saMkSipta vivecanase hI itanA to avazya samajha leMge ki Adhunika vijJAnake adhikAMza mUla sUtra jaina vijJAnameM hai| jaina vidyA bhAratavarSakI vidyA hai| isake punaruddhArakA uttaradAyitva bhAratavarSa para hai| bhAratakI lupta vidyA aura sabhyatAkA punaruddhAra karanemeM

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jaina vijJAna 105 baMgAla sadaiva agraNI rahA hai| baMgAlameM adyAvadhi bahutasI prAcIna jaina pratimAeM milI hai| baMgAlameM hI "sarAka" nAmaka ahiMsApriya jAtikI bastI honekI khabara milI hai| yadyapi Ajakala yaha jAti hindu samAjameM mila gaI hai, phira bhI isameM tanika bhI saMdeha nahIM ki yaha jAti prAcIna jaina samAjakI-zrAvakasamAjakI uttarAdhikAriNI hai| inake AcAra, inakI lokakathA aura saMskAroMse isa siddhAntako isa jAtike zrAvaka honekI bAtako-vizeSa puSTi milatI hai| yaha bhI eka anumAna hotA hai ki vaMgAlameM Aja jise bardavAnavardhamAna nagara kahate hai usakA saMvandha jaina sampradAyake antima-covIsaveM tIrthaMkara zrIvarddhamAnasvAmIke nAmake sAtha hogaa| zrImahAvIrasvAmIke nAma para vaMgAlakI bhUmimeM vIrabhUmi (vIrabhUma jilA) nAma par3A ho yaha bhI svAbhAvika hai| baMgAlameM jaina pratimAoMke atirikta kahIM kahIM prAcIna jaina mandira bhI pAye jAte haiN| baMgAlake nikaTavartI magadhameM jaina mahApuruSoMne bahudhA apanI vIragarjanA kI hai| yaha saba dekhate huve yadi sabhyatAbhimAnI baMgAlI loga jaina vidyAke punaruddhArameM paryApta manoyoga na de to yaha unake liye eka AkSepakI bAta hogii| yahAM eka aura bAta bhI kaha denA cAhatA huuN| mahAtmA gAMdhIjIke kathanAnusAra ahiMsAdharmake pratApase bhAratavarSakA rAjanaitika uddhAra honA caahiye| isa rAjanaitika ahiMsAkA Acarana sarvaprathama baMgAlane hI kara dikhalAyA thaa| isa ahiMsAkA sUtrapAta kahAMse huvA ? vedazAsita dharmameM ahiMsAkI prazaMsA hai-mai isa vAtako asvIkAra nahIM krtaa| bauddha bhI ahiMsAko svadharmake AdhArarUpa mAnate hai| parantu

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106 jinavANI bhAratIya jaina samAja anyoMkI bhAMti kevala ahiMsAke gIta gAkara hI nahIM baiTha rahatA; vaha to mana, vacana, kAyAse isa dharmakA pAlana karatA hai| aura vAtomeM jaina samAja bhale hI pIche raha gayA ho, para usakI ahiMsAkI ArAdhanA-bhakti to prazaMsanIya hai| jaina vidyAke punarudvArameM vaMgAlI vidvAna yathAzakti sahAyatA dene ke liye taiyAra raheM to bhAratIya sabhyatA camaka utthegii| isa bAtakA punaruccAraNa karake mai isa nibandhako samApta karatA huuN| * vagAlI sAhitya-pariSadameM (rAvAnagarameM) yaha nibaMdha par3hA gayA thaa|

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jIva jaise bhinna padArthIko jaina dArzanika 'jIva' kahate haiN| yoga aura sAMkhya darzanameM jise 'puruSa' kahA gayA hai; nyAya, vaizeSika aura vedAnta matase jo AtmA hai, vaha jaina darzanakI dRSTise jIva hai| itanA hone para bhI inake bIcakA bheda mAmUlI nahIM hai| sAMkhya tathA. yogadarzana-pratipAdita 'puruSa ke sAtha jaina darzana-svIkRta jIvakA bheda hai| nyAya aura vaizeSi kake AtmA tathA jaina darzanake jIvake vIcameM bhI. bheda hai| vedAntiyoMkA AtmA aura jainoMkA jIva bhI eka nahIM hai| cArvAkramata-sammata nirAtmavAdako bhI jaina nahIM maante| jaina dArzanikoMne vauddhoMke vijJAnapravAha-vAdakA bhI khaNDana kiyA hai| taba phira jaina darzana-sammata jIvakA lakSaNa kyA hai / dravyasaMgraha aura paMcAstikAyameM usakI vyAkhyA isa prakArakI hai: jIvo uvogamao amutto kattA sdehprimaanno| bhottA saMsAratyo siddho so vissalohagaI // 21 // -drvysgrh| jIva upayogamaya, amUrta, kartA, apane dehake samAna parimANavAlA, bhoktA, saMsArastha, siddha aura svabhAvase UrcagativAlA hai|

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208 jIvoti havadi vedA upabhogavise sido paha katA / bhottA ca dehamaco Na hi mUtto kammasaMjutto // -pa. sa. sa. jinavANI jIva astitvavAlA, cetana, upayogaviziSTa, prabhu, kartA, bhoktA, dehamAtra, amUrta aura karmasaMyukta hai / zrIvAdidevasUri bhI pramANanayatatvAlokAlaGkAra (7-56 ) meM kahate haiM ki : "L 'caitanyasvarUpaH, pariNAmI, kartA, sAkSAdbhokA, svadeddaparimANaH, pratikSetre vibhinnaH, paudgalikAdRSTavAMzcAyam / " uparokta vacano para vicAra karanese pratIta hotA hai ki jaina darzanAnusAra jar3ase bhinna jo jIva hai vaha satya padArtha hai / vaha cetana, amUrta, -saMsArI dazAmeM karmavaza, kartA, bhoktA, dehapramANa aura prabhu ityAdi lakSaNavAlA hai / - cArvAka to jar3ase bhinna padArthakA astitva hI nahIM svIkAra krte| ve pRthvI, pAnI, vAyu aura teja - ina cAra padArthoMko hI mAnate hai aura kahate hai ki inake sivAya anya eka bhI ekAnta sat padArtha nahIM hai| unakA mata hai ki jagatake samasta padArtha inhIM cAra mahAbhUtoke saMmizraNase utpanna hote haiN| manuSyAdi jIva cetana hai, isase to ve inkAra nahIM kara sakate; parantu caitanya hai, isa liye AtmAke mAna koI padArtha honA cAhiye, isa bAtako ve svIkAra nahIM karate / jisa prakAra dhAnya aura gur3a Adi padArtha sar3ate sar3ate surArUpameM pariNamita ho jAte hai usI prakAra uparokta cAra mahAbhUtose hI caitanya

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jIva pariNamita hotA hai| cArvAkoMkA yaha siddhAnta hai / vartamAna yugake katipaya jar3avAdI kucha aMzoMmeM isI siddhAntakI dundubhi banA rahe haiM / ve kahate haiM ki jisa prakAra yakRtameMse eka prakArakA rasa nikalatA hai usI prakAra mastakameMse caitanya utpanna hotA hai| ata eva jar3a padArthase mitra AtmA nAmaka padArthako - kisI svatantra padArthako sattA mAnanekI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| ina sabako uttara denA cAheM to kaha sakate haiM ki, dhAnya, gur3a AdimeMse jo pariNamita hotA hai vaha vastutaH jar3a hI hai / kR jo rasa nikalatA hai vaha bhI jar3a hai| aisA niyama hai ki jar3ameMse jar3a padArtha' hI utpanna ho sakatA hai / mastakameMse bhI aisA hI jar3a padArtha. utpanna honA saMbhava hai / jar3ameMse jar3ase sarvathA bhinna padArtha kaise paidA ho sakatA hai ? caitanya jaDakA pariNAma kaise ho sakatA hai ? isa tarka para vicAra karake, kucha Adhunika adhyAtmavAdI dArzanika jar3avArdakA tyAga karake caitanyakI svatantra sattA svIkAra karanekI ora AkarSita huve haiM / bauddha jar3ase caitanyakI utpatti nahIM mAnate, unhoMne vijJAnakI kSaNika sattA mAnakara jar3avAdako pIche haTA diyA hai / jainoMne jIvameM caitanyaguNa svIkAra karake adhyAtmavAdakI nIvaM khUba maz2abUta kara dI hai| jainoMne cArvAkoM aura cauddhoMko prabala uttara diyA hai / 'cArvAka matake khaNDanameM jaina kahate hai ki yadi jar3ameMse hI caitanya utpanna hotA ho to prANIko mRtyuke pazcAta caitanya kyo nahIM dokhatA ? mRtyuke pazcAt zarIra to jaisekA taisA hI rahatA hai; usakA koI aMza kama nahIM ho jAtA; mRtyu hote roga calA jAtA hai| usa rogake 1 1 toe

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jinavANI jAneke bAda akelA zarIra par3A rahatA hai, vaha to Apake siddhAntAnusAra sarvathA noroga-sphUrtiyukta honA cAhiye, parantu aisA nahIM hotaa| isIse hama kahate hai ki jar3a zarIra kadApi caitanyakA kAraNa nahIM ho sktaa| / zarIrako caitanyakA sahakArI kAraNa kahA jAya to bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyo ki caitanyakA eka azarIrI-ajar3a-upAdAna to Apako mAnanA hI pdd'egaa| parantu aisA mAnane para ApakA siddhAnta mithyA ho jaaygaa| yaha bAta Apako anukUla na hogii| yadi zarIrako hI caitanyakA upAdAnakAraNa mAnA jAya to bhI kAma nahIM cala sakatA, kyoM ki aisA mAna le to jaba kabhI garIrameM vikAra utpanna ho taba caitanyameM bhI vaisA hI vikAra A jAnA cAhiye, para aisA anubhava nahIM hotA / isake atirikta Ananda, bhaya, zoka, nidrA, mUrchA jaise vikAra jaba caitanyameM Ate haiM taba zarIrameM bhI unake anurUpa vikAra dikhane cAhiye, parantu aisA hote huve nahIM dekhA jaataa| ___ eka aura Apatti bhI hogii| prANI jitanA adhika moTA ho, buddhi bhI usakI utanI hI adhika honI cAhiye parantu sAdhAraNataH isake viparIta hI dekhA jAtA hai| zarIra yadi caitanyakA upAdAnakAraNa ho to aisA kyoM nahIM hotA ? choTe-patale zarIravAle prANI adhika buddhizAlI dekhe jAte haiN| isake atirikta caitanyapravAhameM prANIko " ahaM " jJAna rahatA hai arthAt sadaiva yaha jJAna rahatA hai ki " maiM hUM" / yaha jJAna zarIrameMse utpanna nahIM hotaa| yadi aisA hotA to " merA garIra" yaha prayoga kaise saMbhava hotA ? jise " mai" kahate haiM bRha zarIrase bhinna aura pratyakSa rUpase siddha ho sakanevAlI vastu hai|

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jIva 111 jainoMse bauddha dArzanika isa bAtameM sahamata haiM ki, caitanya jar3a padArthakA vikAra nahIM hai / parantu bauddha AtmA nAmaka eka sat padArthake astitvako nahIM maante| ve kahate haiM ki pratikSaNa vijJAnakA udaya aura laya hotA rahatA hai| isa vijJAnake mUlameM koI sthAyI sat padArtha nahIM hai / eka kSaNa jo vijJAna saMskArarUpa hotA hai, dUsara kSaNa vahI vijJAnakA kAraNarUpa hotA hai; phira vaha kAryarUpa vijJAna apane vAkke vijJAnakA kAraNa ho jAtA hai / isa prakAra parasparabhinna kSaNika vijJAnasamUhameM paraMparAse kAryakAraNabhAva rahatA hai| baudva ise vijJAnapravAha kahate haiM, vijJAnasaMtAna bhI kahate haiM / isa pravAharUpa vijJAnasaMtAnake atirikta AtmA yA jIva Adi anya koI vastu nahIM hai / Hume, Mill Adi vartamAna yugake Sensationist dArzanika bhI bauddhoMke samAna vijJAnavAdI athavA nirAtmavAdI haiM / unhone eka caitanyadhArI aura avicchinatAkI kalpanA kI hai| bauddha darzanake vijJAnapravAhase isakA mela ThIka baiThatA hai / isa nirAtmavAdake viruddha pahilI Apatti to yahI hai ki, kSaNika vijJAnasamUhake mUlameM koI niyAmaka - satpadArtha nahIM hai / do padArthoMko jor3anevAlI koI vastu na ho to ye donoM alaga ho jAya, yaha bAta samajhameM Ane yogya hai / ata eva saMtAna athavA vijJAnapravAha asaMbhava ho jAtA hai| AtmA na ho to aNika vijJAnasamUhameM krama, vyavasthA yA zRMkhalA kaise raha sakatI hai ? yadi zRMkhalA na ho to smRti (pahileke anubhavakA punaH pravodha) aura pratyabhijJA ( yaha vahI hai ) kaise ho sakatI hai ? vedAnta darzanane bhI isa vijJAnavAdakA khaMDana kiyA hai| jainA

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p jinavANI 112 cAyane bhI cuna cunakara isa vijJAnavAdake doSa batalAye haiM / bauddhoMke anAtmavAdake saMbandhameM jainAcArya kahate hai ki yadi jIva jaisI koI vastu na mAno to phira smRtikA honA asambhava ho jAyagA / sarvathA pRthak ho jAnevAle vijJAnasamUhameM ekake anubhavakI smRti dUsareko kaise ho sakatI hai ? yadi aisA hI banatA ho to phira eka vyaktikA anubhava anyakI smRtikA viSaya honA cAhiye / parantu aisA nahIM dekhA jAtA / bauddha caityavaMdanAmeM vizvAsa rakhate hai / jainAcArya kahate hai ki, "Apake dharmameM caityavandanA eka puNyakArya hai, aura usase uttama phalakI prApti hotI hai; parantu jo caityavandana karatA hai vaha dUsare hI kSaNameM nahIM rahatA - badala jAtA hai / taba phira caityavaMdanakA suphala kise milegA ? isase aisA hogA ki karegA koI aura phala milegA kisI aurako; athavA karegA koI aura usakA phala kisIko bhI na milegaa| ApakA siddhAnta " akRtAbhyAgama" aura " kRtapraNAza" nAmaka do bar3e doSoMse dUSita hai / binA kiye bhoganA par3e aura kRtakarma niSphala ho jAya, ye doSa kucha aise vaise nahIM hai / ApakA anAtmavAda to vastutaH karmaphalavAdake mUlameM hI kuThArAghAta karatA I yuktipUrvaka bauddhoMkA virodha karanemeM jaina darzana aura vedAnta darzana ekamata haiM, parantu jaina aura vedAntake maulika ddhAntameM bheda hai / vedAnta darzana jIvAtmAokI parAmArthika sattA svIkAra karanese sarvathA inkAra karatA hai| usakA mata hai ki AtmA eka aura advitIya hai

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jIva 113 advaita brahma hai; asaMkhya jIvAtmA, eka advitIya - ekamAtra satya advaita brahmake pariNAma athavA vivartamAtra hai / brahmAdvaitavAdA kahate hai ki, samasta jIvoMmeM yahI eka paramAtmA virAjamAna hai; eka AtmAke atirikta anya koI AtmA, dUsarA koI satpadArtha nahIM hai| Spinoza aura Parmenudes ke matake sAtha vedAMtamatakI kucha samAnatA hai| vedAMtake isa advaita siddhAntako jaina nahIM maante| jaina darzanake matAnusAra AtmA athavA jIvoMkI saMkhyA ananta hai evaM pratyeka jIva eka dUsarese svatantra hai / jIva svatantra na hote, mUlataH saba jIva eka hI hote to eka jIvake sukhase saba jIva sukhI ho jAte, ekake duHkhase saba duHkhI hote, ekake bandhana se saba bandhanagrasta rahate aura ekakI muktise saba mukta ho jaate| jIvoMkI bhinna bhinna avasthA dekhakara sAMkhyadarzanane AtmAke advaitavAdakA parihAra kiyA aura AtmAko vividhatA maanii| jaina darzanane "pratikSetre bhinna " kahakara - ' sAMkhyasammata jIvakI vividhatA svIkAra kI hai / advaitavAdake viSayameM jaina dArzanika kahate hai ki sattA, caitanya, Ananda Adi kitane hI guNa aise hai ki jo sabhI AtmA athavA jIvoMmeM hote hai| isa guNasAmAnyakI dRSTise AtmA yA jIva eka hai aisA kahe to kaha sakate hai / samasta jIvomeM isa prakArakI guNasAmAnyatA hotI hI hai| vedAMtakA advaitavAda isa rIti se kucha aMzoMmeM ThIka hai, parantu pratyeka jIvameM viziSTatA hotI hai isa bAtakA inkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / isa viziSTatA ke kAraNa hI eka jIvako dUsare se bhinna kahanA par3atA hai| viziSTatA na hotI to eka jIvake mokSa jAne para saba .

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jinavANI jIva mokSa prApta kara lete| avizeSaNabhAvake kAraNa jIva yA AtmAkA bahutva mAnanA par3atA hai| ___AtmAkI vividhatAke viSayameM sAMkhya aura jaina darzana ekamata hote huve bhI ve jIvake katRtva aura bhoktRtvake viSayameM bhinna hai / sAMkhya matAnusAra puruSa-AtmA nitya, zuddha, buddha-mukta hai; asaMga, nispRha, alipsa aura akartA hai / jagadvyApArase usakA koI saMbandha nahIM hai| prakRti hI sRSTikI racanA karatI hai, puruSa kucha nahIM kara sakatA / vaha phala bhI nahIM bhogtaa| vaha to kevala niSkriya aura abhoktA hai| jarmana dArzanika kAMTake kathanakA bhI yahI abhiprAya hai| vaha kahatA hai ki Noumenal self ke sAtha vyAvahArika jJAnapravAhakA kucha saMbandha nahIM hai| sAMkhya bhI yahI kahatA hai ki puruSakA jagatake vyApArake sAtha koI sambandha nahIM hai| ___ sAMkhyadarzanase hama pUcha sakate hai ki, " puruSameM kartRtva nahIM hai to phira bandhana aura mokSa kisake liye hai ? AtmA sukha duHkha na mogatA ho to yaha samasta vyavahAra kisa prakAra cala sakatA hai ?" isa prakAra nyAyadarzana sAMkhyadarzanakI acchI taraha khabara letA hai| nyAyadarzana AtmAmeM sukha, prayatnAdi guNoMkA Aropa karatA hai| jIvake ekAnta asaMgatvake viSayameM jaina darzana sAMkhyakA prativAda karatA hai aura nyAyadarzanake sAtha sahamata hai| jaina darzana sAMkhyamatakI sundara samIkSA karatA hai| vaha kahatA hai ki-puruSa sarvathA akartA ho to use kisI prakArakA anubhava na hove / parantu "maiM sunatA hUM, mai sUMpatA hUM" Adi pratIti to hama sabako

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jIva 115 hotI hI hai / ata eva AtmAkA akartRtva hamAre anubhava ke viruddha hai| ____ Apa kaheMge ki " mai sunatA hUM, mai sUMghatA hUM" isa prakArakI pratIti to ahaMkArase utpanna hotI hai, parantu Apa svayaM hI isa bAtase inkAra karate hai / Apa sAMlyavAdI loga anubhavako puruSakAryarUpa to kahate hI haiM, anubhavako ahaMkAraprasUta nahIM maante| isa prakAra Apa puruSake kartRtvako mAna lete haiN| ___ sAMkhya kahate hai ki, puruSa svabhAvataH bhoktA nahIM hai; kevala usameM bhoktRtvakA AropaNa kiyA jAtA hai| kyoM ki jitanA sukhaduHkha hai vaha buddhi dvArA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai aura buddhi to prakRtikI hai| ata eva "puruSa sukha-duHkhakA bhoktA hai" yaha kalpanAmAtra hai| prakRtipariNAmavAlI buddhimeM sukha-duHkha saMkrAMta hotA hai aura zuddhasvabhAvI puruSameM isa sukha-duHkhakA pratibimba par3atA hai| jaina isakA uttara dete haiM ki, padArthakA eka pariNAma arthAt vikRti svIkAra karo, varanA isa prativimbakA udaya bhI asambhava ho jaaygaa| saTikameM jo prativimba par3atA hai usase sphaTikakA pariNAma mAnanA paDatA hai| aba yadi puruSoM sukha-duHkha prativimbita hotA ho to usake dvArA puruSameM eka prakArakA pariNAma hotA hai, arthAt usameM kucha aMzoMmeM bhoktRtva hai, yaha svIkAra karanA par3atA hai| aura pariNAma honese usake katRtvakA svIkAra kiye binA nahIM clegaa| yahI kAraNa hai jisase jaina jIvako kartA aura sAkSAt bhoktA mAnate hai| AtmAko guNAzrayarUpa mAnate huve bhI jaina mata nyAyamatase kucha bhinna hai| naiyAyika AtmAko (1) jar3asvabhAva, (2) kUTastha nitya aura (3) sarvagata mAnate hai / jaina dArzanika yahAM alaga paDate hai||

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116 jinavANI naiyAyikoMke matAnusAra icchA, dveSa, prayatna, jJAna, sukha Adi AtmAke guNa haiN| guNa guNIke sAtha samavAya saMbandhase saMbandhita rahatA hai| arthAt jJAnAdi guNa AtmAke sAtha saMlagna to avazya haiM, parantu svarUpa aura svabhAvase AtmA nirguNa hai / jJAna yA caitanya AtmAkA svabhAva nahIM hai / kaivalyAvasthAmeM AtmA svabhAvameM arthAt nirguNabhAvameM rahatA haiN| jJAna yaha koI AtmAkA svabhAva nahIM hai, isa liye nyAyamatAnusAra AtmA svarUpase ajJAna, acetana athavA jar3a svarUpa hai| jisa prakAra moka dArzanika pleTone Idea ko Phenomenon ke sAtha ekAnta saMyukta rUpase mAnate huve bhI sthAna sthAna para usakI ( Idea kI) pUrNa svatantratAkI kalpanA kI hai usI prakAra naiyAyikoMne AtmAkA jJAnAdi guNake sAtha samavAya saMbandha mAnane para bhI usake jaDatvarUpa svAtantryako svIkAra kiyA hai| naiyAyika eka aura bAta bhI kahate haiM, aura vaha yaha ki, jisa prakAra AtmA jJAnAdi guNoMse svatantra hai usI prakAra vaha paryAyAdi. dvArA bhI aparivartita hai / jJAnake sAtha sambandha rahe yA na rahe para AtmA sadaiva kUTastha hai, apariNAmI hai / tIsarI vAta ve yaha kahate haiM ki, AtmA sarvavyApaka aura sarvagata hai / mUlataH vaha jar3asvarUpa honeke kAraNa yadi vaha sarvavyApaka na ho to phira AtmAkA jagatake padArthoke sAtha saMyoga yA saMbandha asambhava ho jAya / aura yadi AtmA sarvagata na ho to vividha dizA aura dezomeM sthita paramANusamUhase usakA yugapat saMyoga asambhava ho jAya / aura isa prakArakA saMyoga asaMbhava ho to zarIrAdikI utpatti bhI asaMbhava ho jAya / ata eva AtmA sarvavyApaka hai|

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nIva / 117 yaha tarka sabhI darzana nahIM mAna sakate / sAMkhya aura vedAnta AtmAko caitanyasvarUpa mAnate haiN| AtmA jar3a padArtha ho to usase padArtha-pariccheda asaMbhava ho jaay| vaha apariNAmI aura kUTastha ho to bhI padArthakA jJAna nahIM ho sktaa| aura yadi AtmA sarvavyApaka ho to phira vividha prakArakA AtmA mAnaneke bajAya vedAMtakathita 'ekamevAdvitIyam kA siddhAnta mAna lenese hI kAma cala sakatA hai| ina virodhoM ke kAraNa jaina matane nyAyamatakA parihAra kiyA hai| vaha batalAtA hai ki jIva (1) caitanya svarUpa hai, (2) pariNAmI hai aura (3) svadehaparimANa hai| jaina darzanakA yuktivAda kitanA sundara hai ! vaha kahatA hai ki, yadi AtmA jaDasvarUpa ho to use padArthakA jJAna nahIM ho sakatA / udAharaNArtha AkAza lIjie, vaha jar3asvarUpa hai, use padArthajJAna nahIM ho sakatA, to phira AtmAko kaise ho sakatA hainaiyAyika isake uttarameM kaheMge ki AtmA jar3asvarUpa hai sahI, parantu vaha samavAya sambandhase caitanya-samaveta hai| AkAza to sarvathA jar3asvarUpa hai isa lie AkAgako padArthajJAna nahIM hotA, parantu AtmAko to ho hI sakatA hai| yahAM dUsarA prazna yaha utpanna hotA hai ki, AkAza aura AtmA donoM jar3asvarUpa haiM aura Apa kahate hai ki ekako jJAna hotA hai aura dUsareko nahIM; lekina isa vAtakA prabala kAraNa Apa nahIM jAna skte| vAstavameM isakA yahI artha hai ki AtmAmeM svabhAvataH caitanya hai| . naiyAyika kahate haiM - " parantu AtmAkA Atmatva kahAM jAyagA ? hameM jo yaha nizcaya hotA hai ki mai hU~,' isakA kAraNa AtmatvaahaMtva hI hai| AnmAmeM Atmatva-jAti honeke kAraNa usameM caitanya

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jinavANI rahatA hai aura AkAzameM Atmatva nahIM hai isa liye usameM caitanya bhI nahIM hai|" naiyAyikoko isake uttarameM kaha sakate hai ki ApakA yaha kahanA to ThIka hai ki Atmatva-jAti AtmAma samavAya saMbandhase rahatI hai, parantu isase ApakI yukti "anyonyasaMzraya " doSase nahIM vaca sktii| jisa prakAra AtmAmeM AtmatvakA pratyaya hotA hai, AkAzatvakA nahIM hotA; usI prakAra AkAzameM AkAzatvakA pratyaya hotA hai, AtmatvakA nahIM hotaa| matalaba yaha huA ki, kisa padArthameM kisa jAtikA samavAya hai yaha bAta usake pratyayase siddha hotI hai| aura isa pratyaya-vizeSakI jAMca kare to AtmAmeM Atmatva samaveta hai isaliye AphAzatvakA pratyaya nahIM hotA aura AkAzameM AkAzatva hai isa liye usameM AtmatvakA pratyaya nahIM hotaa| sArAMza yaha ki yaha yukti nirarthaka hai| jainAcArya kahate hai ki, AtmAmeM jo AtmalyakA pratyaya hotA hai vahIM usake caitanya, AtmAke svarUpa athavA usakI prakRtiko siddha karatA hai| AmAke sAtha caitanyakA thor3A bhI tAdAtmya na mAne to uparokta pratyayakA Apako koI bhI kAraNa na milegaa| nyAyAcArya kahate haiM ki, AtmAmeM caitanya samavAya saMbandhase rahatA hai, aisI hama sabako pratIti hotI hai / isake uttarameM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki, yadi Apa pratItiko hI pramANabhUta mAnate hai to phira AtmA svayaM hI caitanyasvarUpa hai, aisI pratIti hotI hai, ise kyoM nahIM mAnate 4 "maiM svayaM acetana hUM - cetanAke yogase cetana hUM" aisI pratIti kisIko nahIM hotii| savako aisI hI pratIti hotI hai ki "mai svabhAvataH jJAtA huuN|"

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jIva 119 ghaTa paTAdi acetana haiM, use "mai jJAtA hUM, jJAnavAna hUM" yaha pratIti nahIM hotI / yadi AtmA acetana hotA to ghaTapaTAdiko bhI aisI pratIti ho sakatI thI / jainAcAryoMkI yukti ThIka ThIka samajhameM Ane yogya hai / AtmA jar3asvabhAvavAlA hotA to arthapariccheda sarvathA azakya ho jaataa| naiyAyika thor3A aura Age baDhakara eka dUsarI yukti dete haiM / ve kahate haiM ki " maiM jJAnavAna hUM" aisA hameM jo pratIta hotA hai usase siddha hotA hai ki AtmA aura jJAna pRthak pRthak hai - donoM eka nahIM haiN| kisIko pratIta ho ki "mai dhanavAna hUM" to isase hama AtmA aura dhanakI abhinnatA nahIM mAna lete / jainAcArya uttara dete hai ki, isa pratyayase AtmA aura jJAna abhinna siddha hote haiM | AtmA jaDasvabhAva ho to yaha pratIti kadApi nahIM ho sakatI ki " maiM jJAnavAna huuN"| yadi Apa kahe ki AtmA jaDasvabhAvI hote huve bhI jJAnavAna hai to phira Apa svayaM hI apane siddhAntakA khaNDana karate hai / 'nAgRhItavizeSaNA vizeSye buddhiH ' yadi jJAnarUpa vizeSaNa gRhIta na huvA ho to AtmArUpa vizeSyameM "bhai jJAnavAna hUM" yaha buddhi kaise ho sakatI hai ? aba yadi Apa kaheM ki AtmA aura jJAna, donoM hI kA grahaNa hotA hai, to dUsarA prazna yaha utpanna hotA hai ki isa prakArakA grahaNa kisa prakAra ho sakatA hai' vizeSaNabhUta jJAnadvArA isa prakArakA grahaNa saMbhava hI nahIM hai, kyoM ki jJAna svayaM apane hI se pahicAnA jAya yaha bAta Apake apane hI nyAyamatake viruddha hai / " nAgRhIMtavizeSaNA vizeSye buddhi" ko to Apa svayaM bhI mAnate haiM /

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220 jinavANI kadAcit Apa kaheM ki jAnAntara dvArA isa prakArakA grahaNa ho sakatA hai, to isameM 'anavasthA doSa' A jAtA hai, kyoM ki vahI jJAnAntara jJAnatva vizeSaNake grahaNa vinA saMbhava nahIM hai| prakaTa hI yaha siddhAnta anavasthA doSase dUSita hai| jaba taka Apa jJAnake sAtha AtmAkI abhinnatAko na mAneM taba taka " mai jJAnavAna hUM" yaha pratyaya Apako nahIM hogaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki jana darzana nyAyadarzanakathita / AtmAke jaDatvase inkAra karatA hai| naiyAyiyoMkA dUsarA siddhAnta yaha hai ki "AtmA kUTastha nitya hai|" arthAt AtmA sadaiva aparivartita hai / jaina AtmAko pariNAmI kahakara isa matakA khaNDana karate hai| ve yuktipUrvaka apane siddhAntakI sthApanA karate hai: " jJAnotpattike pahile AtmAkI jo avasthA thI vahI avasthA jJAnotpattike samaya bhI rahe to phira use padArthakA jJAna kisa prakAra ho sakatA hai ? " sadaiva aparivartita rUpameM rahaneko hI Apa kUTasthabhAva kahate hai / jJAnotpattike pahile AtmA apramAtA hai, parantu jJAnotpattike samaya vaha pramAtA hai-padArtha-paricchedaka hai| isa prakAra AtmAmeM eka prakArakA parivartana to hotA hI hai| jaba Apa parivartana mAnate hai to phira AtmAkA kUTasthabhAva kahAM rahA ? / jaina AtmAko "svadehaparimANa" kahakara naiyAyikoMke isa siddhAntakA khaMDana karate haiM ki AtmA sarvavyApaka hai| jaina kahate hai ki, AtmAko sarvagata mAnaneke bAda usake vaividhyako mAnanekI AvazyakatA hI kahAM rahatI hai ? vividha manake sAthake saMyoga vividha prakArake AtmAkA anumAna

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jIva 121 karAte haiM / para yadi AtmA sarvagata vyApaka padArtha ho to jisa prakAra eka hI sarvagata vyApaka AkAzake sAtha vividha ghaTAdikA saMyoga hotA hai usI prakAra eka hI AtmAke sAtha vividha manoMkA saMyoga ho sakatA hai| AtmAko sarvavyApaka mAnanese isa prakAra yugapat vividha zarIra aura indriyAThikA saMyoga bhI usake sAtha pratipAdita ho sakatA hai / isa prakAra vividha AtmA mAnanekI AvazyakatA nahIM rhtii| yadi Apa kaheM ki, eka AtmAke sAtha vividha zarIrAdikA yugapat saMyoga honA asaMbhava hai, kyoM ki AtmAmeM parasparavirodhI sukhaduHkhAdi bhAva utpanna nahIM hote, to isake uttarameM kahA jA sakatA hai ki isa yuktise AkAzameM eka hI sAtha vividha bheriyoMkA samavAya bhI asaMbhava mAnA jAyagA, kyoM ki saba meriyoka zabdAdi paraspara virodhI honeke kAraNa eka bhI zabda sunAI na degA / yadi Apa kaheM ki pratyeka zabdakA kAraNa minna bhinna hai isa liye pratyeka zabda parasparavirodhI honepara bhI sunAI detA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki AkAza eka hone para bhI usameM vividha bheriyoMkA yugapat samavAya ho sakatA hai / isake uttarameM kahA jA sakatA hai ki pratyeka sukha-duHkhakA kAraNa pRthak pRthak hotA hai, jisase sukhaduHkhAdi paraspara bhinna hote huve bhI unakA yugapat anubhava hotA hai / isa prakAra eka hI AtmAke sAtha aneka garIrAdikA yugapat saMyoga honA sambhava ho jAtA hai| yadi Apa kaheM ki viruddha dharmake adhyAsake kAraNa AtmAkI vividhatA mAnanI par3atI hai, to phira AkAzakI vividhatA kyoM nahIM mAnate ? . yadi Apa kaheM ki, AkAga hai to eka, tathApi vaha bahutase

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122 jinavANI padArthoMko avakAza detA hai, to isakA uttara yaha hai ki AtmA bhI eka hI hai aura usameM samasta zarIrAdi padArtha pradeza pradena para saMyukta rahate hai / naiyAyika kahate hai ki koI maratA hai, koI janmatA hai aura koI kAmakAja meM lagA rahatA hai; ina saba vyApArAMko dekhakara AtmAkI vividhatA mAnanI par3atI hai| jaina isakA uttara dete hai ki, AtmAkA sarvagatatva mAnanese, janma, mRtyu Adi vyApArake bAremeM AtmAkA ekaca hI siddha hotA hai / kahIM ghaTAkAza utpanna hotA hai to anyatra usI samaya dUsare ghaTAkAzakA vinAza bhI hotA hai; zAyada dUsarA eka ghaTAkAza pUrvavat rahatA hai| ina saba vyApAroMko dekhate huve bhI yadi AkAgameM bahulya mAnanekI AvazyakatA nahIM paDatI to phira janma, maraNa Adi vyApAroke kAraNa AtmA eka hone para bhI usameM vaha saba bana sakatA hai / AtmAkI vividhatA Apa kisa kAraNa mAnate hai ? koI kahe ki vividhatA na mAne to bandha, mokSa asaMbhava ho jAya, kyoM ki eka hI vastumeM ekasAtha vadha, mokSarUpI viruddha bhAvoMkA ekasAtha samAveza nahIM ho sakatA / para isake viruddha yaha tarka kiyA jA sakatA hai ki, kisI eka ghar3emeM AkAzako banda kara denese ghaTamukta AkAza rahegA hI nahIM, aura ghaTamukta AkAzake kAraNa ghaTabaddha AkAza bhI asaMbhava bana jAya | yadi Apa kaheMge ki pradezamedake kAraNa eka hI samaya AkAzameM bandhana aura mokSa honA saMbhava hai, taba phira sarvagata eka hI AtmA meM pradezabhedakI kalpanA kI jA sakatI hai aura usameM eka hI samayameM bandhana aura mokSakA AropaNa ho sakatA hai / jainAcAryoM ke sampUrNa kathanakA Azaya yaha hai ki, AtmAko sarvagata aura sarvavyApaka

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jIva 123 mAnA jAe to phira usakI vividhatAko svIkAra karanekI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI / nyAyAcArya kahate hai ki, yadi AtmA vyApaka padArtha na ho to anantadigdezavartI uparyukta paramANuoke sAtha usakA saMyoga saMbhava nahIM aura isa prakArakA saMyoga saMbhava na ho to phira zarIrakI utpatti bhI. saMbhava nahIM / isakA uttara jaina isa prakAra dete hai ki, paramANusamUhako AkarSita karaneke liye - milAneke lie AtmAko vyApaka padArtha honA hI cAhiye aisA niyama nahIM hai| cuMbakakI ora lohA AkarSita hotA hai, parantu isase hama use vyApaka padArtha nahIM mAna lete / kadAcit Apa Apatti leMge ki, aise AkarSaNase to tIna lokake paramANu AtmAkI ora khiMca AyeMge, phira zarIrakA pramANa kisa prakAra banegA ? yadi. zarIrapramANa anizcita hI rahe to Apake vyApakavAdameM bhI yahI Apatti aaegii| samasta paramANuoM meM vyApta AtmA samasta paramANuoM ko khIMce to antata yahI sthiti hogii| yadi Apa yaha kahate hoM ki adRSTake pratApase zarorotpattike upayogI paramANu hI AkarSita hote haiM to yahI bAta AtmAkI avyApakatAko mAnanevAle bhI kaheMge / 3 jainasammata zarIraparimANavAdake viSayameM naiyAyika eka aura Apatti karate haiM ki, yadi yaha mAnA jAya ki AtmA zarIrake pratyeka avayavameM praveza karatA hai to zarIrake samAna AtmAko bhI sAvayava mAnanA par3egA / AtmA sAvayava ho to vaha eka 'kArya' huvA aura AtmA kArya huA to phira usakA koI na koI kAraNa bhI avazya hI honA cAhiye / vaha kAraNa vijAtIya to ho hI nahIM sakatA, kyoM ki

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224 jinavANI anAtmAse AtmAkI utpatti nahIM ho sktii| sajAtIya kAraNa mAnanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoM ki sajAtIya kAraNomeM bhI Atmatva to mAnanA hI hogA, anyathA vaha sajAtIya kAraNa hI nahIM ho sktaa| isakA sAra yaha hUvA ki AtmasamUhase AtmAkI utpatti hotI hai| naiyAyika isa bAtako ayoktika mata kahate hai| eka hI zarIrameM ekAdhika AtmAeM kisa prakAra kArya kara sakate hai ? mAna lIjiye, zarIrameM ekase adhika AtmA kAraNarUpase kArya karate haiM, to eka kAraNarUpa AtmAkA kArya anya kAraNarUpa AtmAke kAryase kisa prakAra mela khAegA ? ye donoM kArya kisa prakAra pUrNataH ekatvako prApta hoMge ? jisa prakAra ghaTameM avayava hote haiM aura avayavoMkA saMyoga naSTa ho jAnese ghaTa hI naSTa ho gayA aisA hama kahate hai usI prakAra AtmAke bhI avayava mAnane par3ege aura phira AtmAko bhI vinAzazIla mAnanA pdd'egaa| ___jainoMkA uttara yaha hai ki, hamArI jaina dRSTimeM AtmA kathaMcit sAvayava athavA kArya hai; vaha pUrNarUpase sAvayava aura kAryapadArtha hai aisA bhI nhiiN| yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki, jisa prakAra ghar3A samAna jAtIya avayavoMse banatA hai usI prakAra AmA bhI sajAtIya kAraNoMse niSpanna hotA hai| Apa AtmAko kArya kaheM to kaha sakate hai, parantu 'kArya' zabdakA artha Apa kyA karate hai ? pUrva AkArakA parityAga karake dUsare AkArameM pariNamita honA dravyakA kAryatva hai| bhinna minna paryAya-pariNati hI AtmAkA kAryatva hai| isa dRSTise AtmA kathaMcit anitya bhI hai| evaM ekake pazcAt eka paryAya pariNata honeke kAraNa dravyataH AtmA aparivartita bhI hai / ata eva hama kahate hai ki,

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jIva' 125 AtmA yadyapi sAvayava aura kArya hai tathApi vaha avicchinna, avibhAga aura nitya bhI hai| ___AtmAke zarIraparimANatvake viSayameM naiyAyika kahate hai ki, jIvako svadehaparimANa mAnoge to use eka mUrta padArtha mAnanA pdd'egaa| aba yadi AtmA mUrta padArtha ho to zarIrameM usakA anupraveza asaMbhava ho jaaygaa| eka mUrta padArthameM anya mUrta padArtha kisa prakAra praveza kara sakatA hai ? phira to Apako zarIrako nirAtmaka hI mAnanA pdd'egaa| eka aura bAta bhI hai : yadi AmA dehaparimANa ho to vAlazarIrake pazcAt yuvakazarIrake rUpameM kisa prakAra pariNamita ho skegaa| yadi Apa kahe ki AtmA bAla-zarIra-parimANakA tyAga karake yuvaka-zarIra-parimANa grahaNa karatA hai to zarIrake samAna AtmA bhI anitya ho jAyagA / aura yadi yaha kahA jAya ki bAlaka-zarIraparimANakA tyAga kie binA hI AtmA yuvA-zarIra-parimANameM pariNata ho jAtA hai to ise to eka asaMbhava vyApAra hI kahanA par3egA, kyoM ki eka parimANakA tyAga kie binA anya parimANa kisa prakAra grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai ? antato gatvA nyAyAcArya kahate hai ki, jIva tanuparimANa ho to zarIrakA ekAdha aMza khaNDita honepara AtmAkA bhI kisI aMzameM khaNDita honA mAnanA pdd'egaa| jaina dArzanika isakA uttara dete hai: 'mUrta' ke mAne kyA ? yadi 'mUrta kA artha yaha kiyA jAya ki AtmA sarvapadArthoMmeM anupraviSTa nahIM hai, kevala khedaha-parimANa hI hai, to jaina siddhAntako isase virodha na hogA; parantu. yadi Apa mUrta zabdakA artha rUpAdimAna kareM to phira hameM usakA virodha

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126 jinavANI 2 karanA par3egA / AtmAke asarvagata arthAt svadehaparimANa hone se usakA rUpavAna athavA mUrta honA niyamena Avazyaka nahIM hai / mana asarvagata hai, parantu isase use mUrta padArtha nahIM mAnA jAtA / AtmA mUrta padArtha nahIM hai / jisa prakAra zarIrameM mana praviSTa hotA hai usI prakAra AtmAkA praveza bhI samajhanA caahiye| jaina kahate haiM ki, bhasmAdi padArthoMmeM jala Adi mUrta padArthoMkA praveza honA saMbhava hai to phira garIrameM amUrta AtmAkA anupraveza asaMbhava kaise ho sakatA hai AtmA yuvaka - zarIra-parimANa grahaNa karaneke samaya bAla-zarIra-parimANakA tyAga karatA hai, yaha bAta mAnI jA sakatI hai, isameM kucha asaMgati nahIM hai / sAMpa apane choTese phanako phailAkara bar3A banA detA hai / usI prakAra AtmA bhI saMkoca - vistAraguNake pratApase pRthak pRthak samayomeM pRthak pRthak dehaparimANa dhAraNa kara sakatA hai / vibhinna avasthA athavA paryAya dekhakara AtmAko parivartanazIla kaheM to kaha sakate haiM, aura isI dRSTise AtmA anitya bhI hai / dravyase isase viparIta hI bAta kahanI hotI hai / arthAt dravyase AtmA aparivartita aura nitya hai / zarIra khaMDanake bAremeM naiyAyika jo Apatti lete haiM usake uttara meM jaina kahate haiM ki zarIra khaMDita honese AtmA khaMDita nahIM hotA, khaMDita zarIrAMga meM AtmAkA pradeza vistAra pAtA hai| khaMDita zarIrAMzameM eka hada taka AtmAkA astitva na mAneM to usameM (khaMDita zarIrAMzameM) jo kampana dekhA jAtA hai usakA koI anya kAraNa nahIM miltaa| khaMDita aMgameM koI pRthak AtmA to hai nahIM, 'jo hai vaha dehameM rahanevAle dehaparimANa AtmAkA hI aMza hai | zarIrake do bhAgoM meM rahane para bhI AtmA to eka hI hai| isa prakAra yuktivAdase

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zaracha jIva jainAcArya AtmAke svadeha parimANacako bhalI bhAMti siddha karate hai| __ nyAyamatakA isa prakAra khaMDana karake jaina dArzanika yuktipUrvaka siddha karate haiM ki AtmA vyApaka nahIM balki dehaparimANa hI hai| unakA anumAna-prayoga bhI yahAM dekhane lAyaka hai / ve kahate hai ki, AtmA vyApaka nahIM hai, kyoM ki vaha cetana hai| vyApaka padArtha cetana nahIM ho sakatA / udAharaNa svarUpa AkAza / , AtmA cetana hai isa liye vaha adhyApaka hai / AtmA avyApaka hai isakA artha yahI hai ki vaha dehaparimANa hai; kyoM ki zarIrameM usakA astitva dekhA jAtA hai| jaina siddhAntAnusAra jIva "kammasaMjuto" athavA " paudgalikAdRSTavAn " hai| pahile isa vAtakI ora saMketa kiyA jA cukA hai| jo nAstika haiM-jo karmaphala nahIM mAnate, aura paraloga bhI nahIM mAnate, ve bhI jIvako adRSTavAna kahakara apane hI matakA khaMDana karate hai| karmake sAtha phalakA acchedya saMvandha na mAnA jAya to 'kRtapraNAza' aura 'akRtAbhyAgama' doSa Ate hai| yaha bAta bhI pahile kahI jA cukI hai| sArAMza yaha ki paraloka mAne binA kAma nahIM cala sktaa| yadi kahA jAya ki paraloka pratyakSa dikhalAI nahIM detA, to phira use kyoM mAnA jAya ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai ki paraloka pratyakSa nahIM dIkhatA isa liye use na mAnanA cAhiye / hama pitAmaha, prapitAmaha Adi apane pUrvajoMko nahIM dekha sakate hai, kintu isase kyA yaha kaha sakate hai ki ve the hI nahIM ? koI nAstika yaha kahe ki kisIne bhI kabhI paraloka nahIM dekhA to usakI yaha bAta mAnane yogya nahIM hai| kyoM ki vaha koI sarvajJa nahIM hai|

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jinavANI kevalajJAnI puruSa paraloka dekha sakate hai / jaina aura Astika bhI yaha bAta mAnate haiM / nAstika yahAM kahege ki, paraloka ho to usakA kucha kAraNa bhI to honA cAhiye / vaha kAraNa kyA hai ? paralokakA kAraNa adRSTako mAneM to ' anavasthA ' doSa A jAyagA / yadi yaha kaho ki rAgadvepAdike kAraNa paraloka hai to phira Apa niSkarma avasthAke viSayameM kyA kahege ? kyoM ki saMsArImAtra rAgadveSavaza hote hai| yadi kaho ki hiMsAdi kriyAke liye paraloka-vyavasthA mAnanI ho cAhiye to yaha bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoM ki kabhI kabhI kriyA - phalakA vyabhicAra dekhA jAtA hai| hiMsAdi pApakarma karanevAle dhanadhAnyake bar3e vaibhavako bhogate dekhe jAte hai / dUsarI ora satkarma karanevAle sajjana puruSako ati dIna dazA bhoganI par3atI hai / isa prakAra karmaphala- vyabhicAra dekhate huve yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki karmaphala hai aura avazya hI hai / karmaphala hI nahIM hai to phira paraloka mAnanekI kyA AvazyakatA rahI? 128 jaina dArzanikoMne ina tInoM ApattiyoMkA uttara diyA hai : ve nAstikoMse kahate haiM ki, tumhArI bAta amuka aMg2ameM, amuka apekSAse ThIka hai / parantu isase paraloka yA adRSTake siddhAntameM koI doSa nahIM AtA / jaina mAnate haiM ki, jIva anAdi kAlase karmasaMyukta hai / isameM Apa anavasthA doSa batalAve to vaha bhUla hai / rAgadveSAdike kAraNa bhavabhramaNa karanA paDatA hai aura isI liye niSkarmAvasthA asaMbhava ho jAya, aisA Apa kaheM to kSaNabharake liye ApakI yaha bAta mAna lI jA sakatI hai, parantu phira bhI paraloka to Apako mAnanA hI par3egA /

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jIva 129 vAstavika bAta yaha hai ki, jaba taka jIvakI mukti nahIM hotI taba taka vaha rAgadveSake vazIbhUta rahegA aura karma tathA karmaphalake cakra para car3hegA / pApI dikhate purupakA vaibhava vAstavameM usake pUrvajanmake puNyakA phala hai / isI prakAra puNyAtmA puruSakA duHkha usake pUrvajanmake pApakarmakA pariNAma hai aisA Apako samajhanA cAhiye / yaha bhI nizcita hai ki, bhaviSya meM duSTa puruSako durgati aura sajjanakI uttama sthiti hogI hI / bAhara se dIkhanevAle sukha duHkhako dekhakara karmaphala aura paralokase inkAra karanekA sAhasa na karanA cAhiye / jaina loga Agama-pramANako mAnate hai aura paralokakI puSTimeM usakA upayoga bhI karate haiN| " zubhaH puNyasya " " azubhaH pApasya " acche karmakA phala bhI acchA aura bure karmakA phala bhI burA hI hogA, isa jinavacanameM kisIko tanika bhI DAMkA na karanI cAhiye / adRSTake viSayameM AnumAnika pramANa bhI yatheSTa mila sakate hai / eka guNavatI strIke eka sAtha do putroM kA janma hotA hai| samaya cItane para ina donoM bhAiyoMki bala vidyA AdimeM mahadantara dekhA jAtA hai| adRTako na mAneM to batalAiye isa vilakSaNatAkA Apa kyA spaSTIkaraNa kareMge jaina matAnusAra adRSTa pudgalaghaTita hai / arthAta dUsare janmameM AtmA kisa prakArakA zarIra dhAraNa karegA vaha usake pUrvajanmArjita tatsaMzliSTa karmaparamANuoM se nirdiSTa hotA hai| AtmA aSTAdhIna hai| usake pairoMmeM karmapudgala rUpI jaMjIreM par3I hai| naiyAyika adRSTako AtmAkA vizeSa guNa kahate hai| sAMkhyamatAnusAra adRSTa prakRtike cikArake atirikta aura kucha nahIM hai / vauddha adRSTako vAsanAsvabhAva 1 9 1

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jinavANI kahate haiM / vedAntI use avidyAlaya mAnate hai / jaina adRSTako paudgalika siddha karake ina saba matokA parihAra kara dete haiN| ___jIva athavA AtmAke viSayameM jaina kyA mAnate haiM isakA maiMne saMkSepameM varNana kiyA hai| sAMkhyAdi matoMke sAtha jaina mata kucha aMzoMmeM milatA hai to kucha aMzoMmeM bhinna hai| isase itanA to avazya pratIta hotA hai,ki, jaina darzana bhAratavarSakA eka ati prAcIna-smaraNAtIta yugakA - darzana hai| yaha bAta bilkula mAnane lAyaka nahIM hai ki, jaina darzanakA prAdurbhAva bauddha yugake vADhameM huvA hai, athavA gautamabuddhake samayakA yaha eka vicArapravAha hai| nyAya, vedAntAdi dArzanika matoke sAtha yadi jaina siddhAntokI kucha samAnatA pratIta hotI ho, jaina darzanameM kisI prakArakI viziSTatA dikhalAI detI ho to hama sahaja hI meM yaha anumAna kara sakate haiM ki itihAsake jisa vismRta yugameM nyAyAdi matoMkA pracAra huvA hai, usI yugameM jaina sidvAntoMkA bhI pracAra huvA honA cAhiye / aura itihAsa evaM purAtatva yahI bAta siddha karatA hai|

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(2) 'dravyasaMgraha ke kathanAnusAra jIva upayogamaya, amUrta, kartA, svadehaparimANa, bhoktA, saMsArastha, siddha aura svabhAvataH Urdhvagati hai| 'tattvArthasAra meM isake aneka bhedoMkA varNana hai-- sAmAnyAdekadhA jIvo vaddho muktastato dvidhA / sa evAsiddhanosiddhasiddhatvAt kIryate vidhaa| zvatiryaGnarAmaya vikalpAsa cturvidhH| prazamakSayatadvandvapariNAmodayo bhavet // bhAvapaMcavidhatvAt sa paMcamedaH prarUpyate / SaNmArgagamanAt SoDhA saptadhA saptabhaMgataH // aSTaghATaguNAtmatvAdaSTakarmakRtopi ca / padArthanavakAtmatvAt navadhA dazadhA tu sH|| dazajIvabhidAtmatvAditi cintyaM yathAgamam / 324-325 tattvArthasAra / sAmAnya dRSTise dekhA jAya to jIva eka hI prakArake haiN| usameM bhI baddha aura mukta aise do bheda honese jIva do prakArake haiN| asiddha, nosiddha aura siddha bhedase jIvake tIna bheda hai / gatimedase

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jinavANI 132 - jIva cAra paryAya meM vibhakta hai -deva, nArakI, manuSya aura tiryaca / aura upagama, kSaya, kSayopagama, pariNAma aura udaya - ina bhAvamer3hoMse jIva pAMca prakArake hai / jJAnamArgakI dRSTise jIvake chaH vibhAga kara sakate hai / aura saptabhaMgIke bhaMgAnusAra usake sAta bher3ha hote hai / jIvake svAbhAvika ATha guNoMke anusAra athavA karmakI ATha prakRtike anusAra usake ATha bheda kara sakate hai / nau padArthoke vicArase jIva nau tarahake aura dasa prakArake prANake anusAra dasa prakArake hote haiM, aisA bhI kaha sakate haiM / jIvatattvako bhalI bhAMti samajhaneke liye ina bhAgoM para bhI vicAra karanA cAhiye / eka prakArake jIva sAmAnya dRSTise sabhI jIva eka hI prakArake hai aisA kahe to anucita na hogA / isa sAmAnyako 'upayoga' kahate haiM / jIvamAtra upayogakA adhikArI hai / upayogake darzana aura jJAna ye do bheda haiM / vizeSa jJAnavirahita sattAmAtrake bodhako 'darzana' kahate hai / vastuviSayaka savizeSa bodhakA nAma 'jJAna' hai / jJAnake do bheda haiM-pramANa aura ny| samasta vastu sambandhI samyag jJAnakA nAma 'pramANa' aura vastuke AMzika jJAnakA nAma ' naya ' hai / pramANake pratyakSa aura parokSa nAmaka do bheda hai / pratyakSa pramANakI apekSA parokSa pramANa aspaSTa hotA hai / avadhi, manaHparyAya aura kevala yaha tIna prakArakA jJAna pratyakSa pramANa hai / indriya aura manakI sahAyatAke binA rUpI padArthoMkA jo jJAna hotA hai use avadhijJAna kahate haiM / indriyAdikI apekSA binA,

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133 jIva / dUsaroMke cittake sambandhameM jo jJAna hotA hai vaha manaHparyAya jJAna kahalAtA hai| vizvakI samasta vastuoM aura paryAyoMke pratyakSa jJAnakA nAma kevalajJAna hai| mati aura zrutake bhedase parokSa pramANake do bheda hai / jisa jJAnameM indriya athavA anindriya (mana) sahAyaka ho use matijJAna kahate haiN| matijJAnameM indriya jJAna, svasaMvedana, smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna, Uha aura anumAnakA samAveza hotA hai / darzana nirAkAra jJAna hai| matijJAna sAkAra jJAna hai / matijJAnake cAra prakAra - avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNA- inheM matijJAnake cAra darje kaha sakate hai| avagraha matijJAnakA nIcese nIcA darjA hai| isake dvArA viSayake avAntara sAmAnya (jAti) mAtrakA bodha hotA hai / avagrahIta viSayake vizeSa samUha saMbaMdhI jAnakArIkI spRhAkA nAma IhA hai| viSayake vizeSa jJAnako avAya kahate haiM / viSayajJAnako dhAraNa kiye rahaneko dhAraNA kahate haiM / indriya aura manakI sahAyatAse honevAlA jJAna indriyajJAna hai / indriya-nirapekSa, sukhaduHkhAdikI antara-anubhUniko anindriya jJAna athavA svasaMvedana kahate haiM / anubhUta viSayakA punaH bodha honA smaraNa kahalAtA hai| sadRza athavA visadRza viSayose saMbandha rakhanevAlA saMkalanAtmaka jJAna pratyabhijJAna hai / vizeSAkAra vijJAnameM se jo trikAla viSayaka jJAna hotA hai usakA nAma Uha athavA tarka hai / tarkalabdha vijJAnase 'yaha parvata agnivAlA hai| isa prakArakA jo jJAna hotA hai use anumAna kahate haiN| zrutajJAnakA samAveza parokSa pramANameM hotA hai| Ata puruSakI vacanAvalIko zrutajJAna kahate hai / viSaya sambandhI ekadezIya jJAna naya,

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134 jinavANI kahalAtA hai / dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika bhedase naya bhI do prakArakA hotA hai / dravyArthika nayakA viSaya ' dravya, ' aura paryAyArthika nayakA viSaya ' paryAya ' hai / naigama naya, saMgrahanaya, aura vyavahAranaya - ye dravyArthika nayake antargata haiM / naigama naya uddezyako batalAtA hai| saMgraha naya vastuoke sAmAnya aMzakA aura vyavahAra naya vizeSa aMzakA grahaNa karatA hai / RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUDha aura evaMbhUta ye paryAyArthika nayake cAra bheda hai| vastuke vartamAnakAlavartI paryAyake sAtha RjusUtrakA samvandha hai / zabdanayake anusAra ekArthavAcaka zabdoMse eka hI arthakA bodha hotA hai / samabhirUDha nayake anusAra ekArthavAcaka zabdose liMga, dhAtu-pratyayAdi bhedase pRthak pRthak artha yotita hote hai / evaMbhUta naya pratyeka zavdakI kriyA catalAtA hai; vastuke kriyAhIna hone para usa zabda dvArA usakI pahicAna karanekA adhikAra nahIM rahatA / 1 pramANake pratyakSa aura parokSa, ye do bheda hai / pramANa aura naya jJAnake bhItara samA jAte hai| jJAna aura darzana upayogake prakAra-bheda hai / isa upayogakI dRSTise jIva eka prakArake hai, aisA kahA jA sakatA hai| do prakArake jIva saMsArI aura muktake medase jIvake do prakAra hai| karmaphaMdameM phaMsA huvA jIva saMsArI, aura karmazUnya jIva mukta kahalAtA hai / saMsArI jIva karmayukta hai, tathApi sabhI saMsArI jIva eka hI zreNIke haiM, aisA nahIM kaha sakate / saMsArI jIvoMmeM bhI karmabheda, paryAyabheda hai / isa karmabhedako samajhAneke liye jainAcAryAMne caudaha guNasthAnoMkI yojanA

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jIva kI hai| jina doMse hotA huvA, athavA-jina avasthAoMko pAra karake bhanya jIva dhIme dhIme muktimArgameM Age baDhatA hai una darjI athavA avasthAoMkA nAma guNasthAna hai| pratyeka saMsArI jIva kisI na kisI eka guNasthAnameM avasthita hotA hai| 14 guNasthAnoMka nAma isa prakAra haiM (1) midhyAdRSTi, (2) sAsvAdana, (3) mizra, (4) asaMyata [avirati ], (5) dezasaMyata [dezavirati], (6) pramatta [sarvavirati], (7) apramatta [saMyata ], (8) apUrvakaraNa, (9) anivRttikaraNa, (10) sUkSmakapAya, (11) upazAMtakapAya [ upazAMtamoha ], (12) saMkSINakaSAya [ kSINamoha], (13) sayoga kevalI aura (14) ayoga kevalI mithyAdarzana nAmaka karmake udayase jIva mithyAtatvameM zraddhA rakhatA hai aura satya tatvako jijJAsA nahIM rkhtaa| yaha 'mithyAdRSTi prathama guNasthAna hai| mithyAdarzana karmakA udaya na ho, kintu anantAnuvandhI karmake udayase jIvako samyagdarzana na ho (vaha samyagdarzanase patita ho jAya) to use sAsvAdana nAmaka dUsarA guNasthAna kahate hai| tIsare guNasthAna mizra, samyagmithyAtva (mizramoha) nAmaka karmake udayase jIvakA darzana kucha aMzoMmeM malina aura kucha aMzoMmeM zuddha hotA hai| apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa nAmaka kaSAyake udayake kAraNa jIva samyaktvasaMyukta hote huve bhI avirati rahe yaha asaMyata nAmaka cauthA guNasthAna hai| apratyAkhyAna-AvaraNa nAmaka kaSAyakA udaya banda ho jAya aura jIva kucha aMzoMmeM saMyata aura kucha aMzoMmeM asaMyata rahe yaha dezasaMyata' nAmaka pAMcavAM guNasthAna kahalAtA hai| pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAyakA

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136 jinavANI udaya kSINa ho jAne para bhI-jIva pUrNataH saMyata ho jAya tobhI- usameM bhI pramAda raha jAya yaha 'pramattasaMyata' nAmaka chaThA guNasthAna hai| isake pazcAt saMjvalana nAmaka kapAya naSTa hone para (manda hone para) pUrNasaMyata jIva pramAdake caMgulase chuTakArA pA jAve to vaha 'apramatta' nAmaka saptama guNasthAnako prApta hotA hai| mokSamArgakA yAtrI kramazaH apUrva zula dhyAnako prApta karake vizuddhiko prApta kare, yaha 'apUrvakaraNa' guNasthAna hai| yaha apUrva zukla dhyAna khUba khUba vaDhatA huA jaba mohakarma-samUhake sthUla aMgoMko kSINa kara detA hai taba jIva anivRttikaraNa nAmaka navama guNasthAna para jA pahuMcatA hai| isa prakAra kapAyoMko halkA karatA huvA jIva sUkSmakaSAya guNasthAnako prApta karatA hai / sarva prakArake moha upazAMta hone para jIva jisa guNasthAnako prApta karatA hai usakA nAma upazAMtakapAya hai| mohasamUhake pUrNataH kSaya hone para jIva bArahaveM guNasthAnako prApta hotA hai, jisakA nAma kSINakaSAya hai| isake pazcAt cAra prakArake ghAti karma naSTa hone para jIvako nirmala kevalajJAna prApta hotA hai| yaha sayogakevalI nAmaka terahavAM guNasthAna hai| sarva prakArake karmIkA kSaya honese pUrvakI, atyalpa kSaNa vyApI jo avasthA vaha caudahavAM guNasthAna hai| use ayogakevalI kahate hai| yahAM pahuMcakara karmasaMbandha pUrA ho jAtA hai|| saMsArI jIva uparokta caturdaza guNasthAnoMmeMse kisI na kisI eka sthAnameM hotA hai| caturdaza guNasthAnoMse bhI para jo ananta sukhamaya, anirvacanIya avasthA hai vahI muktAvasthA hai| samasta kauka saMsparzase alaga hokara

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jIva . 137 siddha, lokAkAzake zikhara para, siddhazilA para, virAjamAna hote haiN| siddha saMsAra-sAgarako pAra pAye hote hai / ve mukta kahalAte hai| tIna prakArake jIva saMsArI, siddha aura nosiddha jIvanmukta ina tIna prakArase jIvake tIna bheda kiye jA sakate hai / karmasaMyukta jIva saMsArI jIva hai| karma do prakArake haiM: ghAtI aura aghaatii| muktimArgakA yAtrI kramazaH apane karma-vandhanoko zithila karatA huvA jisa pavitra kSaNameM terahaveM guNasthAnameM pahuMca jAtA hai tava vaha saMsArakhyAgI sAdhaka cAra prakArake ghAtI karmako tor3a detA hai| eka prakArase vaha jIvanmukta ho jAtA hai| parantu aghAtI karmakA saMyoga usa samaya bhI rahatA hai ata eva usa vakta vaha sayogakevalI athavA pUrNataH mukta na honeke kAraNa nosiddha bhI kahalAtA hai| jIvanmukta eka dRSTise mukta hI hai, parantu pArthiva zarIra avaziSTa rahaneke kAraNa yaha tIsarA bheda kiyA gayA hai| ghAti karmake vinAzase jIvanmuktako kevala jJAna prApta hotA hai, vaha sarvajJatA prApta kara letA hai; athavA vaha anaMta darzana, anaMta sukha, anaMta jJAna aura anaMta vIryakA adhikArI ho jAtA hai| ___jIvanmukta sarvajJake do bheda haiM: sAmAnya kevalI aura arhat / sAmAnya kevalI kevala apanI muktikI hI sAdhanA karatA hai| arhat saMsArake samasta jIvoMkI muktike liye upadeza detA hai| arhatako hI tIrthakara kahate hai| saMsAra-sAgarameM gote khAtehuve jIvoMke liye upadezamaya tIrthakA nirmANa tIrthakara hI karate haiN| ve sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka aura

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134 jinavANI zrAvikA ina cAroM saMgha-vibhAgoMko upadeza dete hai / tIrthakara java mAtAke garnameM Ate hai, janma lete hai, dIkSA lete haiM, sarvajJatA prApta karate haiM aura nirvANako prApta hote hai tava indrAdi deva mahotsava pUrvaka unakI pUjA (ahI) karate hai isI liye unheM " arhat " bhI kahate hai| ina mahApurupoko dehakA rattibhara bhI mamatva nahIM hotaa| tathApi unakA zarIra ati zubhra, sahasra sUryoke samAna samujjvala hotA hai| vaha pUrNataH nidoMpa hotA hai| bhagavAna tIrthaMkaroMko cAra prakArake atizaya bhI hote hai| arhat athavA tIrthakara pratyakSa Izvara svarUpa hote hai| tadanantara java sarvajJa puruSake aghAtI karma naSTa ho jAte hai taba vaha karmavandhanase mukta hokara, saMsArarUpI kArAvAsase nikalakara, lokazikhara para sthita, cirazAMtimaya siddhazilA para virAjamAna hote hai| yahI jIvakrI antima avasthA hai-parAmukti hai| siddhake jIvoMko kisI prakArakA karmamala nahIM hotaa| ve AtmAke vizuddha svabhAvameM hI rahate haiN| ve prathamakathita avyAvAgha Adi ATha prakArake guNoMke adhikArI ho jAte hai| cAra prakArake jIva gatimedase jIva cAra bhedomeM vibhakta hai-deva, nArakI, manuSya aura tiryNc| devake cAra bheda haiM-(1) bhavanavAsI, (2) vyaMtara, (3) jyotiSka aura (8) vaimaanik| bhavanavAsIke dasa bheda hai--(1) asurakumAra, 12) nAgakumAra,

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(3) vidyutakumAra, (4) suvarNakumAra, (5) agnikumAra, (6) ghAtakumAra (7) stanitakumAra, (8) udadhikumAra, (9) dvIpakumAra aura (10) dikkumaar| vyaMtarake ATha meda haiM-(1) kinnara, (2) kiMpurupa, (3) mahoraMga, (4) gaMdharva, (5) yakSa, 16) rAkSasa, (7) bhUta aura (8) pishaac| jyotipkake pAMca prakAra haiM--(1) sUrya, (2) candra, (3) graha, (4) nakSatra aura (5) taark| vaimAnika do prakArake hai-(1) kalpopapanna aura (2) kalpAtIta / dharmA nAmaka narakake tIna bhAga hai| pahile bhAgakA nAma 'khara bhAga', dUsarekA 'paMka bhAga' aura tIsarekA 'abbahula' hai| dharmA narakake pahile aura dUsare bhAgameM samasta bhavanavAsI devoke bhavana arthAt vAsasthAna hai| vividha dezAdikoMmeM vAsa karaneke kAraNa dUsare prakArake deva vyaMtara kahalAte hai / ratnaprabhA nAmaka narakake dUsare bhAgameM rAkSasa nAmake vyaMtara rahate hai| zeSa sAta prakArake vyaMtara isa narakake prathama bhAgakharabhAga meM rahate hai / isake atirikta vyaMtara bahutase parvata, guphA, sAgara, araNya, vRkSakoTara aura mArga AdimeM rahate hai| bhUmitalase lekara madhya lokake antaravartI vizAla AkAzameM jyotiSka rahate hai / bhUmibhAgase 790 yojanake bhItara eka bhI jyotiSka deya nahIM hai / 790 yojanase Age tArAgaNa hai| bhUtalase 800 yojana dUra sUrya-vimAna hai| sUryase koI 80 yojana Upara candra hai| candrase tIna yojana Upara nakSatra hai| nakSatroMse tIna yojana Upara budhagraha; usase tIna yojana Upara zukra

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140 jinavANI usase tIna yojana Upara bRhaspati; usase cAra yojana Age maMgala aura maMgalase cAra yojana Upara zanizcara graha hai / isa prakAra bhUtalase 790 yojanakI UMcAI para, 110 yojanake bhItara jyotizcakra hai| sUryavimAna tapta suvargake samAna hai| isakA AkAra ardhagolAkAra aura vyAsa yojanase bhI kucha adhika hai / sUryavimAnakI paridhi vyAsake tIna gunese kucha adhika hai / 16 hajAra sevaka sUryavimAnako dhAraNa kiye hai / isa vimAnameM sUryadeva apane parivArake sAtha rahate haiN| vaimAnika deva jyotipha devoMse bhI Upara haiN| ve arva lokameM rahate hai| sumeru parvatake zikharase Urca lokakA AraMma hotA hai| isake 16 kalpa athavA svarga kiye gae haiN| (1) saudharma kalpa uttara digAmeM aura (2) IzAna kalpa dakSiNa dizA meM hai| ina do svA~ke Upara kramazaH (3) sanatakumAra kalpa (4) mAhendra kalpa haiN| usake upara (5) brahma kalpa aura (6) brahmottara kalpa haiN| tadupari (7) lAMtava aura (8) kApiSTa hai| usa para (9) zukra kalpa aura (10) mahAzukra kalpa hai| tatpazcAt (11) zatAra va (12) sahasrAra kalpa hai| usake 1. zvetAmbara-digambara sammata tattvArthastra adhyAya 4 sUtra 3 "dazATapaMcadvAdaza vikalpA kalpopapannaparyantA" meM 12 devalokoMkA vidhAna hai| -tathApi yahA 16 devaloka likhe haiN| yaha tathA isake AgekA devalokoMkA varNana tathA vyatarokA sthAnanirNaya vagairaha digamvara zAstromeM viziSTa rUpase varNita hai| bhaTTAcAyajIne yahAM usIko hI uddhata kiyA pratIta hotA hai| (gujarAtI anuvAdaka zrI suzIla) vyantaroMkA sthAnaniNarya vagairaha bhI digamvara zAstrAnusAra hI diyA mAlUma hotA hai| (mu. zrI. darzanavijayajI)

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jIva :, . 141 Upara (13) Anata va (14) prANata hai| vAdameM (15) Arana kalpa aura (16) acyuta kalpa hai| ina 16 kalpoM para 12 iMdroMkA adhikAra hai| saudharmeMdra, IzAnedra, sanatakumArendra aura mAhendra kramazaH prathama, dvitIya, tRtIya aura caturtha svargaka adhipati hai| brahma aura brahmottara kalpa brahmendra adhikArameM haiN| lAMtava indra saptama aura aSTama kalpakA svAmI hai| zukrendra zukra aura mahAzukra kalpakA saMrakSaNa karatA hai| zatAra indrakA adhikAra gyArahaveM aura bArahave svarga para hai| Anatendra, prANatendra, AraNendra aura acyutendra kramazaH 13ve, 14veM, 15veM aura 16ve kalpake adhisvAmI hai| 163 kalpa athavA svarga taka jitane vaimAnika deva rahate hai ve kalpopapanna kahalAte haiN| 16 svargaka Upara aveyaka nAmaka vimAna hai| usake Upara anudiza vimAna tathA usake Upara anuttara vimAna hai| kalpAtIta vimAnoMmeM kalpAtIta nAmaka vaimAnika deva rahate hai| 16 kalpa aura kalpAtIta vimAna 63 vibhAgo (paTaloM) meM vibhakta haiM, jinameMse saudharma aura IzAna kalpake kula milakara 31 paTala haiN| yathA-(1) Rtu, (2) candra, (3) vimala, (4) valgu, (5) bIra, (6) arUNa, (7) nandana, (8) nalina, (9) rohita, (10) kAMcana, (11) caMcat , (12) mArUta, (13) RddhIza, (14) vaiDUrya, (15) rucaka, (16) rucira, (17) aMka, (18) sphaTika, (19) tapanIya, (20) megha, (21) hAridra, (22) padma, (23) lohitAkSa, (24) vajra, (25) naMdyAvarta, (26) prabhaMkara, (27) piSTAka, (28) gaja, (29) mattaka, (30) citra aura (31) prm| tRtIya aura caturtha svargameM 7 samUha

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142 jinavApI haiM: (32) aMjana, (33) vanamAla, (34) nAga, (35) garuDa, (36) lAMgala, (37) valabhadra aura (38) cakra / paJcama aura SaSTha kalpameM 1 bhAga haiM: (39) ariSTa, (40) devasamiti, (41) brahma, (42) brhmotr| sAtave aura AThaveM svargake do bhAga hai: (13) brahmahRdaya aura (44) laaNtv| navama, dazama kalpameM (45) mahAzukra nAmaka 1 paTala hai| ekAdaza aura dvAdaza kalpameM bhI eka hI bhAga (46) zatAra hai| 133, 14ve, 15ve aura 16ve kalpake kula 6 bhAga haiH (47) Anata, (48) prANata, (49) puppaka, (50) sAtaka, (51) AraNa aura (52) acyuta / aveyaka vimAnake adhobhAgake 3 vibhAga hai| (53) sudarzana, (54) amogha, (55) suprabuddha / aveyaka vimAnake madhya bhAgameM 3 paTala hai: (56) yazodhara, (57) subhadra, (58) vizAla / praiveyaka vimAnake UparavAle bhAgameM 3 paTala hai: (59) sumala, (60) saumana aura (61) priitikr| anudiza nAmaka vimAnameM eka hI paTala (62) Aditya hai aura isa vimAnake Upara anuttara vimAnameM (63) sarvArthasiddha nAmaka eka paTala hai|| uparokta varNanase mAlUma hogA ki, 16 kalpameM kula 52 paTala hai| pratyeka paTalameM 3 prakArake vimAna athavA nivAsasthAna haiN| (1) indraka vimAna, (2) zreNIbadra vimAna aura (3) prakIrNaka vimaan| madhyameM indraka vimAna aura usake AsapAsa zreNIbaddha vimAna rahatA hai| pratyeka zreNIbaddha vimAnameM 63 vimAna hote hai| para jyoM jyoM nIcese Upara jAte hai tyoM tyoM eka zreNI vimAna kama hotA jAtA hai| isa prakAra 62ve paTalameM eka indraka vimAna rahatA hai| usakI cAroM

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jIva 143 L ora kevala 4 zreNI vimAna hote hai| jisa prakAra indra vimAnake cAroM ora zreNIbaddha vimAna hote haiM usI prakAra usakI vidizAoM meM bhI prakIrNaka athavA puSpa prakIrNaka vimAna hote haiM / 63 veM paTalameM prakIrNaka vimAna nahIM haiN| vahAM madhya bhAgameM sarvArthasiddhi nAmaka indraka vimAna aura usake AsapAsa vijaya, vaijayanta, jayanta aura aparAjita nAmaka cAra zreNIbaddha vimAna haiM / devoMke bhavanavAsI, vyaMtara, jyotiSka aura vaimAnika aise cAra bheda haiM yaha hama jAna cuke haiN| ye cAra bhAga dasa bhAgo meM vibhakta haiN| (1) iMdra, (2) sAmAnika, (3) trAyastriMga, (4) pAripada, (5) AtmarakSa, (6) lokapAla, (7) anIka, (8) prakIrNaka, (9) kilbipika aura (10) Abhiyogya / bhavanavAsI aura vyaMtara devoMmeM trAyastriza aura lokapAla jaise bheda nahIM hai / uparokta dasa bheda jyotiSka aura kalpopapanna vaimAni - koMmeM hI hote hai / kalpAtIta devoMmeM koI khAsa bheda nahIM hotA, kyoM ki ve saba indra hai aura isI lie kalpAtIta vaimAnika 'ahamindra ' kahalAte hai / devomeM jo rAjA, bar3e hote haiM ve indra hai / sAmAnika devoMke bhogopabhoga indrake samAna hI hote hai, kevala itanA antara hotA hai ki indrake AdhIna senA hotI hai, AjJAkArI sevaka hote haiM aura rAjyaaizvarya hotA hai / sAmAnika devoMke pAsa yaha kucha nahIM hotA / indrake 33. maMtrI athavA purohita hote hai / ve trAyaliMga nAmase pukAre jAte haiM / indrasabhA sabhAsada pAriSada kahalAte hai / indrake bhI zarIrarakSaka deva hote hai / lokapAla usake rAjyakI rakSA karate haiM / indrake 1 sainika anIkadeva kahalAte hai / sevaka devoMko Abhiyogya aura nIcI

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144 jinavANI zreNIke devoMko kilbiSika kahate haiN| nIce rahanevAle samUhase Upara rahanevAlA devasamUha kramazaH teja, varNa (lezyA), Ayu, indriyajJAna, avadhijJAna, sukha aura prabhAvameM vizeSa unnata hotA hai| jyoM jyoM ucca devalokameM jAya tyoM tyoM unakA mAnakaSAya, gati, dehapramANa aura parigraha bhI nyUna hote huve dikhalAI dete hai| devayonimeM janma honA jIvake puNyake Azrita hai| bhavana, vyaMtara aura jyotiSka devomeM kRSNa, nIla, kApota aura pIta-ye cAra varNa hote hai| saudharma aura IzAna kalpameM kevala pItavarNa hotA hai| tIsare aura cauthe svargake devoMkA varNa kucha pIta aura padmAbha hotA hai| paJcamase aSTama kalpa takake devoMkA varNa pannAbha, navamase dvAdaza devaloka takake devokA varNa padmAbha aura zuklAbha evaM isase Uparake devalokavAle devoMkA varNa zukla hotA hai| deva koI mukta jIva nahIM hote| sirpha itanA hI ki, zubha karmaka yogase ve uttama prakArakA sukha bhoga sakate hai| janma aura mRtyukA cakara to vahAM bhI hai| kisI kisI bAtameM to ve bhUlokavAsI manuSyoMke samAna hI hote hai| inhe bhI uttama vastuoMse prema aura nApasanda vastuose aprIti hotI hai| manuSyake samAna devomeM bhI viSayavAsanA hotI hai| kitanI hI bAtoMmeM ve manuSyoMse bhinna hai| bhavanavAsI, vyaMtara, jyotiSka aura saudharma tathA IzAna kalpake devoMmeM manuSya tathA tiryacake samAna zarIrasaMyoga pUrvaka ramaNakriyA hotI hai| tIsare aura cauthe svargake deva ramaNIkA kevala AliMgana karate hai| pAMcavese ATha meM svarga takake deva, deviyoMke rUpadarzanameM hI viSaya sukhakA anubhava karate hai| navama,

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jIva 145 dazama, ekAdaza aura dvAdaza svargake deva deviyoMke zabda-zravaNameM hI tRptilAbha karate hai| 13ve se 16ve devaloka takake deva kevala devAMganAoMke vicAramAtrase hI santoSalAbha karate hai / 163 ke Age, Uparake devalokoMmeM kAmalAlasA nahIM hai| manuSyAdi jIvoMkA zarIra jisa upAdAnase nirmita hai ve upAdAna isa devazarIrameM nahIM hote| devoMmeM vIryaskhalana aura deviyoMmeM garbhadhAraNa kriyA nahIM hotii| deva mAtRkukSise utpanna nahIM hote| inakA bhaithuna kevala eka prakArakA mAnasika sukhasambhogamAtra hotA hai| ___ narakavAsI jIva nArakI kahalAte hai / naraka adholokameM hai aura ekake Upara dUsarA sthita honese eka dUsareke Azrita rahate haiN| ghanAMbu (ghanodadhi), pavana aura AkAza ye tIna prakArake dravya pratyeka narakameM hote hai| dhanAMbu Adi pratyeka padArtha 20 hajAra yojana taka vistRta hote hai| naraka sAta hai: (1) dharmA, (2) vaMzA, (3) meghA (selA), (4) aMjanA, (5) ariSTA, (6) maghavI (maghA) aura (7) mAdhavI (maadhvtii)| varNa tathA svarUpabhedase sAto naraka nimnalikhita nAmoMse pukAre jAte hai-(1) ratnaprabhA, (2) zarkarAprabhA, (3) vAlukAprabhA, (4) paMkaprabhA, (5) dhUmapramA, (6) tamaHprabhA, (7) tamastamaHprabhA athavA mhaatmHprbhaa| prathama narakameM 30 lAkha, dUsaremeM 25 lAkha, tIsaremeM 15 lAkha, cauthemeM 10 lAkha, pAMcaveMmeM 3 lAkha, chaThemeM 5 kama eka lAkha aura sAtavemeM 5 narakAvAsa kula milakara 84 lAkha jIvotpattisthAna hai| nArakIke jIvoMkA varNa atyanta kharAva hotA hai| unameM vividha

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146 jinavANI rUpa dhAraNa karanekI zakti hotI hai| parantu isase unheM adhika yAtanA bhoganI par3atI hai| inake duHkha apAra hote hai| aura unheM ve duHkha dIrgha kAla taka bhogane par3ate hai| asuraki bhar3akAnese tathA svayameva bhI nArakI jIva paraspara laDate hai aura isa prakAra asahya duHkha uThAte hai / madhyalokameM manuSya rahate hai| isa madhyalokameM bhI asaMkhya dvIpa aura samudra haiN| ina saba dvIpomeM jambUdvIpa mukhya hai| isakA vyAsa eka lAkha yojana hai| jambUdvIpa sUryamaMDalake samAna hI golAkAra hai| isake kendrasthAna para 'mandara-meru' nAmaka parvata hai| isake AsapAsa mahAsAgara killola karatA hai| mahAsAgara bhI anya mahAdvIpoMse ghirA huvA hai| jambUdvIpase mile huve mahAsAgarakA nAma lavaNoda hai| isa samudrako jo dvIpa ghere huve hai usakA nAma dhAtakIkhaMDa hai| ghAtakokhaMDake cAroM ora kAloda samudra hai| usake Age puSkaradvIpa hai| sabake antameM svayaMbhUramaNa nAmaka mahAsamudra hai| bIcameM bahutase mahAdvIpa tathA mahAsamudra hai| jambadvIpameM sAta kSetra hai : (1) bharata. (2) haimavata. (3) harivarSa, (4) videha, (5) ramyak, (6) hairaNyavata, (7) airaavt| ye kSetra cha: varSadhara parvata athavA kulAcaloM dvArA eka dUsarese pRthak ho jAte haiN| ina parvatoke nAma isa prakAra hai : (1) himavAna, (2) mahAhimavAna, (3) niSadha, (4) nIla, (5) rukmI aura (6) shikhrii| ina parvatoMkI pUrva tathA pazcima dizAmeM samudra hai| / himavAna suvarNamaya hai / mahAhimavAna rajatamaya hai| niSadhakA raMga

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jIva 147 aisA hai jaisA ki suvarNake sAtha tAmra milanese hotA hai| caturtha parvata nIlagiri vaiDUryamaya hai| pAMcavAM parvata raupyanirmita aura chaThA svarNanirmita hai| ina chaH parvatoMke zikhara para kramazaH panna, mahApadma, tigiMja, kezarI, mahApuNDarIka aura puNDarIka nAmaka sarovara hai| parvatoMke samAna ye sarovara bhI pUrva-pazcima dizAmeM phaile huve haiN| prathama sarobara eka hajAra yojana lambA aura 500 yojana caur3A hai| dvitIya sarovara pahilese dogunA aura tIsarA dUsarese dogunA hai| caturtha, paMcama aura SaSTha sarovara kramazaH tRtIya, dvitIya aura prathamake samAna hai| inakI gaharAI koI dasa yojana hotI hai| prathama sarovarameM eka yojana vistRta eka kamala hai| isakI karNikA dA kosakI aura pAsavAle do patte eka eka kosake hai| dUsare kamalakA parimANa do yojana hai| tIsare sarovarake kamalakA parimANa cAra yojana hai| aura cauthe, pAMcaveM tathA chaThe sarovarake kamalakA parimANa kramazaH tIsare, dUsare aura pahile saravaroke kamalake samAna hai| ina cha: kamaloM para yathAkrama (1) zrI, (2) hI, (3) dhRti, (4) kIrti, (5) buddhi aura (6) lakSmI nAmavAlI chaH deviyAM virAjamAna hai| inameMse pratyekakA AyuSya eka palyopama hai| ye deviyAM apane apane sthAnoMkI svAminI hotI haiN| inake bhI sabhAsada tathA sAmAnika deva hote haiN| mukhya kamala para devI baiThatI hai aura usake AsapAsavAle kamaloM para devasamUha baiThatA hai| ___ bharata Adi sAta kSetroMmeM kramazaH nimnalikhita nadiyAM bahatI haiM(1) gaMgA tathA sinyu, (2) rohitA tathA rohitAsyA, (3) haritA

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148 jinavANI tathA harikAMtA, (4) gItA tathA zItodA, (5) nArI tathA narakAMtA, (6) suvarNakulA tathA rUpyakulA aura (7) raktA tathA rktodaa| kula milakara 14 nadiyAM hai| pratyeka kSetrake pUrva aura pazcimameM samudra hai| Upara pratyeka kSetrameM jina do-do nadiyoMkA nAmollekha kiyA gayA hai, unameM se pahilI pUrvI samudrameM aura dUsarI nadI pazcimI samudrameM jAkara milatI hai| gaMgA aura siMdhumeM se pratyekakI upanadiyoMko saMkhyA lAbhaga 14 hajAra hai| dUsare, tIsare aura cAye kSetrakI mahAnadiyoM se pratyekako upanadiyoMkI saMkhyA uparokta upanAdayoMse dogunI hai| pAMcaveM, chaThe aura sAtaveM kSetrako mahAnAdayoMmeMse pratyekakI upanadiyAM yathAkrama (uttarottara) AdhI hotI jAtI haiN| ' jambUdvIpakA vistAra eka lAkha yojana hai| isake antargata bharatakSetrakA dakSiNottara vistAra 5262 yojana hai| bharatakSetrase lekara videhakSetra taka jitane kSetra tathA parvata hai usa pratyekakA vistAra uttarottara pUrvake kSetra va parvatase dviguNa hai| videhake Age jo kSetra tathA parvata hai unakA vistAra uttarottara AdhA hai / bharatakSetrameM pUrva-pazcimakI ora samudra paryaMta vistRta eka vijayA (vaitATya ) nAmaka parvata hai| bharatakSetrake chaH khaMDa hai, jinamaMse tIna vijayAke uttarameM hai| ina cha' khaNDo para vijaya patAkA phaharAnevAlA mahIpAla apaneko cakravartI kaha sakatA hai| uttara dizAke tIna khaNDoM para jaba taka vijaya prApta na kara taba taka nRpati ardhavijayI mAnA jAtA hai / isI.

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jIva 149 1 liye bharatakSetrake manyameM sthita parvatakA nAma vijayArdha rakkhA gayA hai| ise rajatAdri bhI kahate haiM / gaMgA aura sindhu nadIkA pAnI, vijayArSa parvatake uttara bhAga meM bahatA huvA, isI parvatake pattharoMko bhedana karake dakSiNasamudrameM milatA hai| isa parvatake uttara aura dakSiNameM bhI tIna-tIna khaNDa hai | vijayArthake uttaravartI tIna khaMDa aura dakSiNake donoM orake do khaNDa mleccha khaNDa haiM / aura madhyameM AyAvarta hai / bharatakSetrake pazcima, dakSiNa aura pUrvameM samudra tathA uttarameM kulAcala hai / jambUdvIpake sAta kSetrake isa prakAra khaNDa samajha lenA / dUsare, tIsare, cauthe aura pAMcaveM kSetrameM eka eka golAkAra parvata hai / haimavata kSetrake golAkAra parvatakA nAma vRttavedADhya hai / himavAna parvata para sthita padmasarovarase do nadiyAM nikalI haiM jo bharatakSetra meM AtI haiN| eka dUsarI rohitAtyA nadI haimavatakSetrake vRttavedADhya nAmaka parvatake ardha bhAgakI pradakSiNA karatI huI pazcima samudra meM milatI hai| haimavata kSetrake uttarameM mahAhimavAna parvata hai| isameMse bhI eka dUsarI nadrA nikalatI hai / yaha haimavatakSetrake vRttavedADhya parvatake dUsare Adhe bhAgakI pradakSiNA detI huI pUrva samudrameM jA milatI hai| tIsare kSetrameM mI nadI aura golAkAra parvatakI yahI sthiti hai / dUsarA aura tIsarA kSetra jaghanya tathA madhyama bhogabhUmi samajhA jAtA hai / J cauthe ' kSetrakA nAma videha aura usake golAkAra parvatakA nAma sumeru hai / isa sumeru parvatake uttara-dakSiNa bhAgameM utkRSTa bhogabhUmi hai / pUrva aura pazcima bhAgameM 32 karmabhUmiyAM haiN| videhakSetrameM sItA aura sItodA nAmaka do nadiyAM haiM, jo parvatakI pradakSiNA karatI huI *

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150 jinavANI kramazaH pUrva tathA pazcimake samudrameM samA jAtI hai / 32 karmabhUmiyoMmeM se harekameM vijayA (vaitADhya ) parvata aura do dA upanadiyAM hotI hai| paJcama aura SaSTha kSetrameM do do mahAnadiyAM aura eka eka parvata hai | ye do kSetra madhyama aura jaghanya bhogabhUmi mAne jAte hai / karmabhUmi aura bhogabhUmikA varNana aba Age karege / bharatakSetra aura airAvatakSetra ye do aise hai ki jahAM kAlacakrake anusAra jIvakI Ayu, zarIra aura zakti AdimeM parivartana hotA rahatA hai / jisa samaya jIvake zarIra Adi utkRSTa sthitikA upabhoga karate hoM usa kAlakA nAma utsarpiNI kAla hai, aura jisa samaya kSINa " sthitiko bhogate ho usa kAlakA nAma avasarpiNI kAla hai / ina do prakArake kAloMke 6-6 Are hai - (1) sukhamA sukhamA, (2) sukhamA, (3) sukhamA-duHkhamA, (4) duHkhamA-sukhamA, (5) duHkhamA, (6) duHkhamA - duHkhamA / isa samaya avasarpiNI kAlakA pAMcavAM ArA 'duHkhamA' cala rahA hai| chaThA ArA atyanta duHkhapUrNa hai jo Age AnevAlA hai / usake bAda punaH utsarpiNI kAla prArambha hogaa| kAlake prabhAvase jIvake Ayu, zarIra aura zakti AdimeM nyUnAdhikatA hotI hai / isI prakAra bharata aura airAvatakI bhUmi meM bhI kucha parivartana hote hai / jambUdvIpake cAroM ora lavaNoda mahAsamudra hai / isa samudrake eka kinArese usake sAmane vAle dUsare kinAre takakA phAsalA (pATa) pAMca lAkha yojana hai / lavaNasamudrako dhAtakI khaMDa cAroM orase ghere huve hai| vaha bhI dvIpa hai| isakA vistAra lavaNodase dogunA aura jaMbUdvIpase 4 gunA hai| samudra sahita isakA vyAsa 13 lAkha yojana hai / jaMbUdvIpa

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jIva 151 thAlIke samAna gola honeke kAraNa isake bhItarake parvata eka sire se dUsare sire taka phaile huve hai / dhAtakI khaMDa kaMkaNa athavA cakrake samAna hai / yaha khaMr3a pahiyeke AroMke samAna parvatoMse vibhakta hai| parvatoMka madhyekA pradeza eka-eka kSetra mAnA jAtA hai| isa khaMDameM 12 parvata, do meru aura 14 kSetra haiM / isameM 68 karmabhUmi aura 12 bhogabhUmi hai / dhAtakI khaMDake Age kAloda samudra aura usake bAda puSkara dvIpa AtA hai / kAloda samudrakA vistAra ATha lAkha yojana hai / aura puSkara dvIpakA vistAra 16 lAkha yojana hai / puSkara dvIpake Adhe bhAgameM arthAt ATha lAkha yojanake bhItara ghAtakI khaMDake samAna hI kSetra aura parvata hai| zeSa ATha lAkha yojanameM kSetra vibhAga Adi nahIM haiN| puSkara dvIpake ThIka bIcameM mAnuSottara nAmaka eka parvata hai / isa parvatake bAhara manuSyakI gati yA AvAsa nahIM hai| vahAM vidyAdhara aura RddhiprApta RSiyoMkI bhI pahuMca nahIM hai|' isI liye isakA nAma mAnuSottara rakkhA gayA hai / mAnuSottara parvatake bAhara kevala bhogabhUmi hai| vahAM pazu hI rahate haiM / jambUdvIpa, dhAtakI khaMDa aura Adhe puSkara dvIpa arthAt aDhAI dvIpoM aura lavaNoda tathA kAloda samudrameM manuSya jAti A jA sakatI hai| manuSya jAtike isa AvAsasthAnameM 96 antadvIpa haiN| ina antadvIpoM meM 1. vahAM vidyAcAraNa aura jadhAcAraNa jA sakate haiM / ( bhagavatIsUtra ) 2. zvetAmbara sAhitya meM 56 antadvIpa likhe / aura vahAM bhI kevala karmabhUmi- subhogabhUmi honekA vidhAna hai; vahAMke manuSya manuSya ke AkArameM hI haiN|

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152 jinavANI rahanevAle manuSya bhogabhUmivAsI kahalAte hai| inameMse kucha vAnarAkAra hai to kucha anyAkAra hai| inheM mleccha kahA gayA hai| mAnava jAtike do bhAga he : eka Arya aura dUsarA mleccha / AryakhaMDameM AryokA nivAsa hai| unameM bhI zaka bhIla aisI jAtiyAM haiM jo Arya nahIM kahalAtI / mleccha adhikAMzameM mleccha khaMDa aura antadvIpoMmeM nivAsa karate hai| AryoMke bhI kaI neda haiM / jo pavitra tIrthakSetroMmeM rahate hai ve kSetrArya ikSvAku jaise uttama kulameM utpanna honevAle jAlyArya, vANijyAdise AjIvikA calAnevAle sAvayakarmAya; jo gRhasthI hai, sayamAsaMyamadhArI zrAvaka haiM ve alpasAvadyakarmAya, pUrNa saMyamI sAdhu asAvadyakarmAyaH pavitra cAritrakA pAlana karake mokSa mArgakI ArAdhanA karanevAle cAritrAya jo samyagdarzanake adhikArI hai ve darzanArya kahalAte hai| inake atirika buddhi, kriyA, tapa, vala, auSadha, rasa, kSetra aura vikriyA ina ATha viSayoM saMbandhI RddhivAle bhI Arya hai| madhyalokameM bahutasI karmabhUmiyAM tathA bhogabhUmiyAM haiN| jahAM rAjyatva, vANijya, kRSikarma, adhyayana, adhyApana aura sevA Adi ke dvArA AjIvikA prApta kI jAtI hai vaha karmabhUmi kahalAtI hai| jahAM saMsAra-tyAga sambhava hai vaha bhI karmabhUmi hai| dUsare zabdoMmeM, jahAM puNyapApake udayake kAraNa jIva karmalisa hotA ho vaha karmabhUmi hai / bhogabhUAmameM yaha bandhana nahIM hai / saba milAkara 170 karmabhUmi hai| unamese jaMbUdvIpameM bharata aura airAvata ye do; battIsa videhakSetrameM; 68 dhAtakI

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jIva 153 khaMDoM aura 68 Adhe puSkara dvIpameM hai| videha kSetrakI 32 karmabhUmiyoMmeMse pratyeka karmabhUmi, bharata tathA airAvata kSetrake samAna vijayAI (vaitADhya) parvata aura do do nadiyoMse 6 khaNDoMme vibhakta hai / videhakSetrake cakravartI ina chaH khaNDoMke vijetA hote hai| jisa sthAnameM vANijya athavA kRSike dvArA AjIvikA prApta nahIM kI jAtI, jahAM rAjA aura prajAmeM koI bheda nahIM hai, aura jahAM mokSamArga saMbhava nahIM hai vaha bhogabhUmi hai| bharata tathA airAvata kSetra, avasarpiNI kAlake prathama tIna AroM taka bhogabhUmi hI the| ye donoM kSetra avasarpiNI kAlake cauthe Areke Arambhase karmabhUmimeM pariNamita ho gae haiN| evaM avasapiNI kAla pUrNa honeke pazcAt utsarpiNI kAlake prathama tIna AroM taka ye donoM karmabhUmi hI rhege| videhakSetrameM meru parvatake pUrva tathA pazcimameM 32 karmabhUmi hai| isake atirikta isa parvatakI uttara-dakSiNa dizAmeM bhI do utkRSTa bhogabhUmi haiN| ve kramazaH devakuru aura uttarakuru kahalAtI hai / haimavata aura hairaNyavata kSetra jaghanya bhogabhUmi tathA harivarSa ramyaka kSetra madhyama bhogabhUmi haiN| jaghanya mogabhUmimeM jIvakA AyuHparimANa eka palya, madhyamameM 2 palya aura uttama bhogabhUmimeM 3 palya hotA hai / jambUdvIpakI chaH bhogabhUmiyoMke atirikta dhAtakI khaMDoM 12 aura puSkara dvIpArddha 12 bhogabhUmi hai| isa prakAra aDhAI dvIpoMmeM saba milakAra 30 bhogabhUmiyAM hai| ina aDhAI dvIpoMke atirikta anyatra saba jagaha bhogabhUmi hai, parantu pharka itanA ki vahAM koI manuSya nahIM hai / ise kubhogabhUmi bhI kaha sakate hai| antadvIpa aura mlecchasthAna kubhogabhUmi hI haiN|

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jinavANI manuSyake atirikta jitane prANI AMkhase dikhalAI dete hai ve saba tiryaMca kahalAte haiM / tiryaMca madhyalokameM rahete hai| inameM bhI ekendriyAdi bahutase bheda haiN| madhyalokake saba bhAgoMmeM ekendriya hote hai|' 1. esA mAlUma hotA hai ki, 'jinavANI' mAsikapatra vanda ho jAneke kAraNa isase AgekA aMza prakaTa nahIM ho skaa| (gujarAtI anuvAdaka zrIsuzIla)

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bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ( 1 ) mantrI vizvabhUtiko eka dina zirake bhramarasadRza kAle kezasamUhameM eka sapheda bAla nikalatA huvA dikhalAI diyA / phira kyA thA, vicAradhArA taraMgita ho uThI; socane lagA, dhIme dhIme isI prakAra sabhI bAla sapheda ho jAyeMge aura eka dina yauvana - saritA bhI sUkha jAyagI / ugate huve eka sapheda bAlako dekhakara mantrIne saMsArako asthiratA, asAratAkA anumAna kiyA, aura potanapurake isa mantrIne eka strI, do putra evaM mahAn aizvaryakA tyAga karake muktikA rAstA liyA / mantrIke do putra the| bar3e putrakA nAma kamaTha aura choTekA marubhUti thA / kamaTha bar3A hone para bhI mahAmUrkha thA, ataeva mantrItvakA bhAra kamaThako na dekara marubhUtiko diyA gyaa| marubhUtike vinaya, ziSTAcAra aura cAritrako dekhakara mahArAja aravinda use bahuta mAnane lage / vaha mahArAjAkA vizvAsapAtra ho gayA aura unakI anupasthitimeM rAjatantrako vAgaDora usIke hAthameM rahane lagI / eka dina acAnaka vajravIrya nAmaka eka pratispardhI mahArAjAne

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jinavANI yuddhadundumi vajA dii| mahArAjA aravindane rAjyatantra marubhUtiko sauMpA aura svayaM senAke sAtha maidAnakI aura cala diyaa| marubhUtikI vidyamAnanAmeM rAjAko rAjyakI kucha bhI cintA na thii| rAjA aravinda yuddhameM gaye aura rAjyameM kamaThake atyAcAra parAkASThAko pahuMcane lge| usane socA, rAjyatantra mere sahodarake hAthameM hai, phira mujhe pUchanevAlA kauna hai ? ___ kamaTha vivAhita thaa| usakI strIkA nAma varuNA thaa| tathApi vaha apane choTe bhAIkI strIke rUpa-lAvaNyako dekhakara kAmAndha ho gyaa| eka vAra kamaThane dekhA-vasuMdharA udyAnameM niHzaMkA ho kara ghUma rahI hai / na jAne vaha kavataka TikaTikI lagAe usakI ora dekhatA rahA, para dekhanemAtrase use tRpti na huii| vasuMdharA najaroMse ojhala huI taba kamaThane eka ThaMDI sAMsa chodd'ii| kamaThake mitra kalahaMsane use vahuterA samajhAyA : "bhAI, parastrI to mAtAke samAna hotI hai, apane choTe bhAIkI strI to putrI hI mAnI jAtI hai|" para kamaThakI kAmatRSA zAnta na huii| "prANa jAya to cintA nahIM, eka bAra vasundharAko svapatnI na banA sakA to yaha jIvana hI vyartha hai / " kamaThakA zarIra kAMpa rahA thA, aura usakI AMkhoMse asvAbhAvika teja TapakatA thaa| .. ____ kalahaMsane jAkara vasundharAko khabara sunAI : " yahIM pAsavAle latAmaMDapameM tumhArA jeTha mUrcchita par3A hai, tumheM usakI suzruSAkeM liye jAnA cAhiye / " kalahaMsake kapaTavAkyoMko sunate hI vasundharA ghabarAkara kamaThake pAsa dor3a gaI / hariNI vyAghrake paMjemeM phaMsa jAMya aisI hAlata

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bhagavAn pArzvanAtha 157 vahAM vasuMdharAkI huI / kanaThake pApakA ghar3A bhI paripUrNa ho gayA / mahArAjA araviMda zatru para vijaya prApta karake jaba potanapura vApasa Ae to bahutase manuSyoMse isa anyAcArakI kahAnI sunI |unkaa roma roma krodhase jalane lgaa| unhoMne mantrI marubhUtise pUchA : " tuma svayaM bhale kucha na kaho, parantu mai kamaThako kar3ese kar3A daMDa denA cAhatA hU~ / apane rAjyameM mai yaha anyAya sahana nahIM kara sakatA / tumhI batalAo, isakI kyA sajA dI jAya ? " 1 marubhUti bhI Akhira manuSya thA / kamaThake atyAcArase usake hRdayameM jvAlA dhadhaka rahIM thI / tathApi vaha udAratA aura kSamAke zItala jalase isa jvAlAko zAnta karaneke liye aharniza apane cittake sAtha yuddha khelatA thA / usane kahA : " isa samaya to use eka bAra kSamA kara dAjiye / " marubhUtike svabhAvakI madhuratAko dekhakara mahArAjA vismita ho gaye / ve kahane lage. " basa, aba to maiM svayaM hI saba kucha dekha lUMgA, tuma z2avAna nahI calA skte| aba tuma khuzIse apane mahalameM jA sakate ho| " mahArAjAne kamaThakA mukha kAlA karavAyA aura use gadhe para baiThAkara sAre zahara meM ghumAneke pazcAt phira kabhI svadeza na lauTanekI AjJA pharamA dI / apamAnita kamaTha phira to tapasvI vana gayA / dharmahIna, vairAgyavihIna kamaTha bhUtAcala nAmaka parvata para tapasviyoMke Azrama meM jAkara kaThora tapazcaryA karane lagA /

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jinavANI apane jyeSTha sahodarakI tapazcaryAkA saba hAla sunakara marubhUti socane lagA : " sacamuca mere bar3e bhaiyAkA hRdaya aba pazcAttApa - vArise zuddha ho gayA hai|" rAjAne bahuta samajhAyA ki cAhe jitanA dhone para bhI koyalA sapheda nahIM hotA / durAcArI manuSya gAyada thor3e samaya ke liye sadAcArI ho jAya, to phira vaha aura bhI bhayaMkara ho jAtA hai / isa liye aba tumhe usake sAtha kisI prakArakA saMbaMdha na rakhanA yahI ucita hai| para marubhUtike hRdaya meM vanvabhAvakA rucira umaDa rahA thA / bhrAtRvAtsalyane usake dilake Upara pUrNataH adhikAra jamA rakkhA thA / vaha na raha sakA, aura jAkara kamaThake caraNo para gira par3A, bolA : " bhAI, kSamA karo, mahArAjAne merI bAta vinA sune hI Apako nirvAsita kara diyA / ApakI yaha kaThora tapazcaryA dekhakara merA hRdaya phaTA jAtA hai / aba Apa ghara caliye / " 158 usa samaya kamaTha donoM hAthoMmeM do bhArI patthara liye khar3A huvA tapazcaryA karatA thA / choTe bhAIke vinayI madhura zabdoMne usake antaHkaraNameM baiThe huve krodharUpI sarpako cher3a diyaa| usane AgA socA na pIchA; hAthakA patthara bhAIke zira para de maaraa| marubhUti vahI~kA ' vahIM mara gayA / kamaThake isa nirdaya vyavahArako dekhakara AsapAsa ke tapasviyoM meM khalabalI maca gaI / unhoMne kamaThako Azramase nikAla bAhara kiyA / kamaTha eka bhIlavastImeM jAkara rahane aura corI lUTamAra Adi upadrava karane lagA / eka avadhijJAnI munirAjane mahArAjA bharaviMdako marubhUtike

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bhagavAna pArzvanAtha 159 dehAvasAnakI khabara dii| isa samAcArase mahArAjA atyanta duHkhI huve aura mana hI mana kahane lage * " maiMne svayaM use jAnese rokA thA, para vaha na mAnA; Akhira duSTane apane sage bhAIko bhI nirdayatApUrvaka mAra hI ddaalaa| saMsArameM amara kauna hai ? kamaTha aura usakI patnI varuNA bhI paraloka sidhAra cuke hai| ____ AkAzake eka konemeM dhIra dhIre ghaTA ghira rahI hai| vaha ghaTA nahIM hai, mAnoM koI kuzala citrakAra nizcita hokara AkAzapaTa para naye naye citra banA rahA hai / ghar3ImeM eka citra banAtA hai, to ghaDIke bAda use miTA detA hai; ghaDIbharameM eka nayA hI AkAra najara AtA hai| ___mahArAjA aravinda isa meghalIlAko tallIna hokara dekha rahe hai| megha-citrakArane eka jina mandira banAnA zurU kiyA / mahArAjAko vaha citra itanA pasanda AyA ki ve raMga aura bruza lekara usakI nakala utArane baiTha gaye / vevAdaloka AkArakA hI eka dUsarA jinamandira nirmANa karanA cAhate the| dekhate hI dekhate bAdala phaTa gae aura mandirakA sArA svapna vilIna-vilsa ho gyaa| mahArAjAke antaHkaraNane pukArA : " kyA sacamuca saMsAra itanA asthira hai ? yaha rAjya, yaha saMpadA, yaha jIvana, yaha saba kucha kyA isa vAdalake mandirake samAna hI kSaNika hai ? ina sabake chinnabhinna honemeM kyA dera lagatI hai ? maiM kyoM isa asthira saMsArake pIche apanA

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jinavANI 160 jIvana bitA rahA hUM ? " mahArAjA araviMdane apane putrako siMhAsanArUDha karake tyAgapatha kA rAstA liyA / kaI varSa isI prakAra bIta gaye / samrAT araviMda Aja araNyavAsI hai, niHspRha munike samasta AcAra pAlate haiM / eka bAra sammetazikharakI aura vihAra karate huve mArgameM salakI nAmaka eka bar3A bana pdd'aa| aravinda munike sAtha aura bhI bahutase muni the| sabane salakI araNyameM DerA DAla diyA / munisaMgha baiThA huA thA, itane hI meM eka pAgala hAthI madonmatta hokara vRkSoMko samUla ukhADa kara pheMkatA huvA, apanI ora AtA unhoMne dekhA / mahAtmA aravinda dhyAnastha the / ve AMkha kholeM, isake pUrva hI hAthIne unheM sUMDhase pakaDa liyA | mahAtmA tanika bhI vyAkula na huve / ve to parvatake apane samAna Asana para baiThe rahe / hAthIkA jAtA rahA / usane muni araviMdako chAtI para zrIvatsakA cihna dekhA / use dekhate hI hAthIko apane pUrva bhavakI smRti jAgRta ho gii| eka choTese cihnameM usane samasta bhavakI lambI avicchinna kathA likhI dekhii| sUMDha jhukAkara usane mahArAjAko praNAma kiyaa| 1 " kyoM isa prakArakI vyartha hisA karatA hai ?" muni aravindane komala vANIse, hAthIko sambodhita karake kahA, " hiMsAke samAna anya koI bhI pApa nahIM hai| akAla mRtyuke pariNAma svarUpa to tujhe hAthIkA - jAnavarakA bhava prApta huvA hai / aba bhI kyA pApase nahIM DaratA ? dharmapaMthameM vicara !vratAdikA pAlana kara ! kisI dina sadgati mila hI jaaygii| "

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bhagavAna pArzvanAtha __ akAlameM apaghAta - mRtyukA zikAra honevAle-mantrI marubhUtikA jIva isa araNyameM hAthIke rUpameM avatarita huvA thaa| kamaThakI patnI varuNA isakI hathinI thii| hAthIkA nAma vajraghoSa thaa| vajraghoSa sallakI vanameM ghUmatA thaa| hathinI rUpameM varuNA isakI priyatamA banI thii| vidhika vidhAna kitane vilakSaNa hote hai! vajraghoSako apanA pUrva bhava yAda A gyaa| asAdhAraNa duHkha aura pazcAttApase usakA citta hila utthaa| usane mauna bhAvase aravinda munike pAdapadmameM mastaka jhukA diyA, pratijJA kI ki, "aba hiMsA na karUMgA, yAvajjIvana 12 vratoMkA pAlana kruuNgaa| munivara aravinda vihAra karake gaye tava vajraghoSa hAthI bhI bahuta dUra taka unheM pahuMcAne gayA / aba to vaha ahiMsAvatakA pAlana karatA hai, kevala kSudhAnivRttike liye thoDe sukhe tRNa khA letA hai| apakArIko bhI kSamA karatA hai; zatru aura mitrako bhI samAna samajhatA hai; parva divasoMmeM upavAsa karatA hai| brahmacaryase rahatA hai| tapase dhIme dhIme usakA zarIra sUkhakara kAMTA ho gayA hai, para isakI use bilkula ciMtA nahIM hai| vaha aharniza parameSThImantrakA jApa karatA hai| eka dina pipAsA-vyAkula vajraghoSa pAnI pIneke liye vegavatI nadIkI ora jAtA thaa| vahAM kinAre para hI karkaTa nAmI eka sarpa rahatA thaa| usane vajraghoSako kATa liyaa| yaha sarpa kamaThakA jIva thaa| pApa, karmake kAraNa use sarpakA bhava prApta huvA thaa| vannaghoSako dekhate hI sAMpako apanA pUrva vaira yAda A gyaa| usane isa prakAra usa vairakA badalA liyaa| 11

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jinavANI , mRtyuke samaya vanaghoSane Artta-raudra dhyAna na kiyaa| isa vratake pratApase vaha AThave-sahasrAra svargameM deva huvaa| vahAM usane 17 sAgaropama ati sukhavilAsameM bitaae| devake bhavameM bhI vaha isa, vratakI mahimA na mUlA / vaha mAnatA thA ki yaha sava puNyakI hI mahimA hai| devabhavameM bhI vaha roja caityAlayameM pUjA-bhakti karatA aura mahAmeru naMdIzvara Adi dvIpoMmeM jAkara bhagavAnakI pratimAko vaMdana karatA thaa| devoMkI bhI. mRtyu to hotI hI hai| sataraha sAgaropamake antameM usakI devalIlA samApta huii| pUrva mahAvidehameM, sukaccha nAmaka vijayameM vaitADhya parvata para tilakapurI nAmaka nagarI hai| vahAMke rAjAkA nAma vidyudgati aura rAnIkA nAma tilakAvatI haiN| unheM eka sundara putraratna prApta huvA / mahApuruSoMne kahA: " aSTama devalokakA deva hI yahAM rAjaputrake rUpameM avatarita huvA hai|" isakA nAma kiraNavega rakkhA gyaa| bAlyAvasthAse hI vaha dharmaparAyaNa rahatA thaa| pitAke pazcAt kiraNavega siMhAsanArUDha huvA / bharapUra samRddhizAlI hone para bhI mahArAja kiraNavegane dharmAcaraNako nahIM bhulaayaa| ; eka dinaH vijayabhadra nAmaka AcArya usa nagarameM pdhaare| rAjA kiraNavemane unase mokSamArgakA upadeza zravaNa kriyaa| usake vivekacA khula gae aura saMsAra viSayaka ruci bhI usI dina jAtI rhii| guruke pAsa dIkSA lekara usane ugra tapazcaryA karanA prArambha kiyA rAgadveSa kSINa hone lge|

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bhagavAna pArzvanAtha rAjarAjezvara kiraNavega eka dina munilpameM eka parvatako ekAMta guphAmeM dhyAnameM baiTha the| itane hI meM eka vikarAla phaNidhara AyA aura usane baDe jorase phukAra mArate huve munirAjake pairameM kATa liyaa| dhIme dhIme usa chidrase sarpakA kAtila viSa samasta zarIrameM vyApta ho gyaa| vipaJcAlAse aMga aMgameM, roma romameM asahya jalana hone lgii| vedanAkA yaha hAla thA ki mAnoM zarIra bhaTTImeM jala rahA hai|| itane para bhI munirAjane dhairya aura zAntiko nahIM jAne diyA aura avicalita bhAvase kAladUtake AdhIna ho ge| kiraNavega munirAjake prANa lenevAlA yaha phaNidhara pahile karkaTa. nAmaka sarpa thaa| isa sarpake kATanese hI vajraghoSane prANatyAga kiyA thaa| isake pazcAt karkaTa marakara paMcama narakameM gayA, jahAM use sataraha sAgaropama AyukA bhoga karate samaya chedana bhedana Adi aneka yantraNAeM sahana karanI pdd'iiN| nArakIkA Ayu pUrNa hone para usane himagirikI guphAmeM phaNidharake rUpameM janma liyaa| kiraNavegako dekhate hI usakA purAnA vaira jAga uThA / isI vairake kAraNa usane isa bAra bhI kiraNavega jaise rAjarSiko jaharIle DaMkase hatyA ko / munivara kiraNavega vArahaveM svargameM, jaMbudrumAvarta vimAnameM devarUpeNa utpanna huve / 22 sAgaropama AyuvAle isa devako bhI Ayu pUrI hone para devalokakA tyAga karanA pdd'aa| vahAMle ve phira manuSyalokameM aaye| jambUdvIpAntargata pazcima mahAvidehameM zubhaMkarA nAmaka eka mahAnagarI hai| isakA narapati vanavIrya hai aura usakI paTarAnIkA nAma lakSmI

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164 jinavANI vtii| mahArAnIne eka dina ekake bAda dUsarA, isa prakAra kaI zubha svapna dekhe aura unakA vRttAnta mahArAjAse khaa| vajravIrya jJAnI puruSa the| ina svapnoMse unheM nizcaya ho gayA ki, svargakA koI deva hamAre yahAM putra rUpameM AnevAlA hai| yathAsamaya mahArAnIne 64 sulakSaNayukta eka sundara putrako janma diyaa| samasta nagara isa janmotsavake Ananda-pramodameM nimagna ho gyaa| putrakA nAma vajranAma rakkhA gyaa| usane bAlyAvasthAmeM hI samasta vidyAeM sIkha lI / vajranAbhake yauvanAvasthAko prApta hote hote kitane hI videzI rAjAoMne apanI apanI kanyAkA vivAha isa rAjakumArase karaneke liye daur3adhUpa kara ddaalii| dhIme dhIme usane rAjyako vAgaDora apane hAthameM lii| eka dina vajranAma apanI AyudhazAlA dekhane gyaa| vahAM use eka divya cakra mila AyA / ise pAkara vaha digvijayake liye bAhara nikala pdd'aa| vijayAdha parvatake donoM orake chaH khaNDoM para usane apanI hakUmata kAyama kI aura vaha cakravartI bnaa| 14 apUrva ratnoMkA bhI vaha svAmI banA / ava usake vaibhavavilAsameM kisI prakArakI kamI na rhii| itane vizAla rAjyaizvaryakA upabhoga karate huve bhI vajranAbha eka dina bhI dharmako na bhUlA / jinapUjA, upavAsa, dAna, vrata, pacakhkhANa, sAmAyika Adi puNyakAryoMmeM usane tanika bhI pramAda na kiyaa| eka dina kSemaMkara nAmaka eka munipravara (tIrthakara) vahAM pdhaare| rAjAke vinayAdi guNoMse saMtuSTa hokara unhoMne use dharmopadeza diyaa| kSaNamAtrameM vajanAmakI viSaya-lAlasA jAtI rhii| cakravartIke samasta vaibhavoMko

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bhagavAna pArzvanAtha 165 tRNavat samajhakara vaha dIkSA lekara cala nikalA / kaThora tapazcaryAka balase vaha adhyAtmajJAnakA adhikArI huvA / kiraNavegako kATanevAlA vaha phaNidhara apane pApake kAraNa chaThe narakameM utpanna huvaa| vahAM use 22 sAgaropama Ayu bitAnemeM anekoM asahya yantraNAeM sahana karanI pdd'iiN| isake pazcAt usane jvalana parvata para kuraMgaka nAmaka bhIlake rUpameM janma dhAraNa kiyaa| vaha vanameM pazuoMkI hatyA karatA huvA dina bitAtA thaa| usake duSkarma aura durAcArakI koI hada na thI / sarvasva tyAgI vajranAbha eka cAra isI gaMbhIra araNyase ho kara gujara rahe the / kuraMgakane unheM dekhA aura usakA pUrva vaira tAz2A ho gayA / ati tItra aura kaThora manobhAvavAle isa kuraMgakane munivarakI jAna leneke lie zarasaMdhAna kiyA / tIra lagate hI usakI vedanAse munirAjane tatkAla prANatyAga kara diyA | antima kSaNa taka ve dharmadhyAnaparAyaNa ho rahe / ve munirAja madhyama graiveyakameM lalitAMga nAmaka deva huve / } raudra dhyAnake pariNAma svarUpa kuraMgaka marakara sAtaveM narakameM gayA, jahAM usane 27 sAgaropama jitane kAla taka avarNanIya duHkha bhoge / (5), + jaMbUdvIpake bharatakhaNDameM surapura nagara meM vajrabAhu rAjA rAjya karatA haiN| use jinazAsanameM khUba zraddhA hai / lalitAMga devane isa rAjAke yahAM janma dhAraNa kiyA / 1 janmase hI yaha bAlaka itanA rUpavAna thA ki ise eka bAra ; dekhane para kisI bhI darzakakI tRpti na hotI thii| isakI AkRti hI

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jinavANI Anandake aNuoMse banI huI thii| prajAko isake darzanamAtrase hI atyanta Ananda hotA thaa| bAlakakA nAma suvarNavAhu rakkhA gyaa| rUpameM evaM guNa aura zauryameM bhI vaha advitIya thA / yauvanAvasthA prApta hone para aneka rAjakumAriyoMne usake kaMThameM apanI apanI varamAlA phnaaii| suvarNabAhu kumArane siMhAsanArUDha hone para AsapAsake saba choTe-bar3e rAjyoM para vijaya prApta kara lI / vaha ekamAtra maNDalezvara vanA / ekadina mantrIne rAjAke sAmane zira jhukAkara kahA: " Aja vasantaRtukA pavitra dina hai / jinazAsanakA bhI eka pavitra parva hai / bahutase bhadika, bhavI jIva Aja jinezvara bhagavAnako pUjA-arcA-stuti Adi kareMge / Apako bhI isa puNyakriyA meM bhAga lenA caahiye|" ___mantrIkI salAha maMDalezvarako pasaMda par3a gii| usane nagarameM mahotsava manAkekI AjJA kii| svayaM bhI snAnAdise nivRtta hokara jinamaMdirameM gayA aura jineMdra bhagavAnakI pUjA kii| / pUjA karate samaya use eka zaMkA utpanna huii| zaMkA, AkAMkSA, jijJAsA, ye kisI eka hI yugakI vastueM nahIM hai| prAcIna zraddhApradhAna mAne jAnevAle yugameM bhI isa prakArakI zaMkAeM uThatI thiiN| suvarNa 1 yaha hakIkata bhaTTAcAryajIne , kahAMse lI hai, yaha bAta unhoMne nahIM likhI; zvetAmbara sAhityake pArzvanAthacaritrameM yaha nahIM hai| (gujarAtI anuvAdaka zrIsuzIla) 2 yahI jijJAsAka sthAnameM vicikitsA (phalakA saMdeha) caahiye| (gujarAtI anuvAdaka zrIsuzIla)

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bhagavAn pAzrvanAtha 167 vAhuke antaHkaraNameM prazna utpanna huvA : "pratimA to acetana hai| isakI pUjAse kyA lAbha?" vipulamati nAmaka eka munipuMgavane suvarNabAhuke hRdayakI zaMkAko samajha liyaa| unhoMne rAjAke manakA jisa prakAra samAdhAna kiyA vaha isa yugake liye bhI aneka prakArase upayogI hai / unhoMne kahAH "cittakI zuddhi athavA azuddhikA AdhAra pratimA hai| Apa svaccha sapheda sphaTikakI pratimAko raktapuppose alaMkRta kareM to vaha pratimA bhI lAla raMgakI dikhalAI degI / kAle phUla caDhAoge to vaha kAlI pratIta hogii| pratimAke pAsa prANIke manobhAva bhI isI prakAra parivartita hote hai| jinamandirameM jAkara bhagavAnako vItarAga AkRtiko dekhanese cittameM dairAgyabhAvanA jAgRta huve binA nahIM raha sktii| aura kisI vilAsavatI vezyAke mandira meM jA pahuMce to vezyAke darzanase cittameM vAsanA taraMgita huve binA na rhegii| vItarAga bhagavAnakI mUrtike darzana karanese, inakI navAGgI pUjA karanese, inake nirmala guNoMkA hameM kSaNakSaNameM khayAla AtA hai, hamAre manobhAva vizuddha hote hai / jyoM yo pariNAma vizuddha banatA hai tyo tyo muktike mArgameM Age bar3hA jAtA hai| vAhya pratimAke darzanase prekSakake manameM aneka prakArake bhAva jAgrata hote hai / eka sAdhAraNa udAharaNa lIjiye / mAnalo, zaharameM eka asAmAnya rUpayauvanasaMpannA vezyA rahatI hai| usakI acAnaka mRtyu ho jAya / usakA zava smazAnameM par3A ho| usameM jIva nahIM hai, jar3avat zarIra par3A hai| usake pAsase koI kAmI puruSa gujaratA hai| usa kAmI puruSake manameM usa jar3a dehako dekhakara kisa prakArake vicAra

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168 jinavANI utpanna hoMge? use yaha khayAla na AegA ki, yaha vezyA jaba jIvita thI tava kitanI rUpavatI hogI ? isane apane jIvanakAlameM kitane yuvakoMko kaTAkSavANase ghAyala kiyA hogA ? isI smazAname eka kuttA A pahuMcatA hai / vaha socatA hai ki, ye loga kisa liye isa jar3a zarIrako jalA dete hai ? ise aise hI choDa deM to phira hamAre kaiseM gulacharre ur3e ! isI smazAnake pAsase hokara eka sAdhupuruSa nikalane hai / ve isa kalevarako dekhakara socate haiM : " manuSya deha milane para bhI isa jIvane isakA kaisA durupayoga kiyA ? dehase isane tapazcaryA kI hotI to isakA kitanA kalyANa hotA?" sArAMza yaha ki, eka hI acetana dehako dekhanevAle tIna vyakti bhinna bhinna prakArake vicAra karate haiM; eka mRtadeha tIna manupyoMke cittameM pRthaka pRthak raMga bharatI hai / vAdya vastuke darzanakA kucha prabhAva hI nahIM par3atA aisA na mAnanA caahiye| jinapratimAkA dhyAna karanese, usakI pUjA karanese, inake guNoMkA smaraNa karanese hamAre cittameM vizudvike aMzakI vRddhi hotI hai| yahI vizuddhi hameM dhIme dhIme svargAdikA sukha aura mukti bhI dilAtI hai| / suvarNabAhukI zaMkA jAtI rhii| vipulamati munivarane isa rAjAko aura bhI bahutasI bAteM batalAI aura yaha bhI batalAyA ki tIna lokameM kitane kitane caitya haiN| ' " sUrya vimAnameM bhI eka svAbhAvika, sundara, apUrva jinamaMdira hai|" usa dinase suvarNavAhune nizcaya kiyA ki, vaha nitya prAtaH

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bhagavAn pArzvanAtha 169 aura sAyaM mahalakI khulI chata para khar3A hokara sUryavimAnameM sthita jina - bimbako arghya arpaNa kiyA karegA / isa nizcayake anusAra vaha roja prAtaH sAyaM khulI chata para khar3A hokara, sUryake sammukha dekhakara ardhya detA aura jinabimbako uddezya karake donoM hAtha jor3akara praNAma karatA / apane nagarameM bhI usane eka sUrya- vimAna taiyAra karAyA aura usameM jina - pratimA kI sthApanA kI / prajA dhIme dhIme mahArAjAkI pUjApaddhatikA anukaraNa karane lagI, subaha zAma sUryako ardhya dene lagI / isI prakAra kitane hI varSa bIta ge| prajA yaha bAta bhUla gaI ki sUrya eka vimAna hai aura usameM eka jinapratimA hai / kevala sUryakI pUjA zeSa raha gii| Aja bhI yaha avazeSa sUryopasanAke nAmase prasiddha hai / ' dhIme dhIme suvarNavAhune vArddhakyakA Agamana dekhA aura saMsAreapaMcoM se nivRtta hokara dIkSA grahaNa kii| dIkSA leneke pazcAt suvarNabAhune kaThora tapazcaryA kI / usake prabhAvase unheM kaI apUrva siddhiyAM prApta huI / isa rAjarSike AsapAsa banameM kahIM bhI duHkha aura klezakA nAmamAtra bhI na rahA / svabhAvase hI hiMsaka aise pazu - prANI bhI Apasake vaira bhUla gae / siMha aura zaka sambandhiyoMke samAna eka sAtha rahane lage / latA- vRkSoM para bhI rAjarSi ke puNyakA prabhAva par3A / vana-vRkSa phUloM-phaloMse lada gae / sarovaroMmeM nirmala jala aura kamala laharAne lage / aise zAMta ekAMta sukhamaya araNya meM rAjarSi suvarNabAhu AtmadhyAna

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270 jinavANI karane lge| eka dina rAjarSi dhyAnameM baiThe the / itanemeM eka siMha udhara A pahuMcA / rAjarSiko dhyAnameM baiThA dekhakara usane eka challAMga mArI aura unakA zarIra cIra DAlA / prANAnta kaSTa sahane para bhI munirAja tanika bhI caMcala na huve / marakara unhone dazama prANata svargameM indrapada prApta kiyaa| indrakI Rddhi-samRddhi milane para bhI ve mogavilAsake raMgase achUte rahe / ve nityaprati jinapUjA karate aura devatAoMko vItarAgadharmake mahattvakA upadeza dete the / isa prakAra unhoMne 20 sAgaropamakI Ayu vyatIta kii| rAjarSi suvarNavAhuke prANa lenevAlA siMha anya koI nahIM, para narakase lauTA huvA durAcArI kamaThakA hI jIva thaa| saudharma svargake indrane kuberako kahA: "dazaveM svargakA deva hAla hI meM mAnavalokameM avatIrNa honevAlA hai| kevala cha: mAsa avazeSa haiN| yaha puruSa 23 vAM tIrthaGkara honevAlA hai| ve bharatakSetrasthita vArANasI nagarImeM avatIrNa hoMge / ikSvAkuvaMzI mahArAjA azvasena aura unakI dharmapatnI pativratA vAmAdevIko ina mahApuruSake pitA tathA bhAtA honekA saubhAgya prApta hogaa|" tadanantara dhanakuverane vArANasImeM nitya prati tIna karor3a ratnoMkI varSA karanI prArambha kI, kalpavRkSake puSpa varasAne lagA aura divya gandhamaya nirmala jala chir3akane lagA / AkAzameM devadundumi bajane lagI evaM vahIM sthita deva stuti-gAna karane lge| vArANasImeM aizvaryakI bADhasI AgaI / jana samUhake AnandakI sImA na rhii|

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bhagavAna pArzvanAtha 171 eka puNyarAtriko vAmAdevIne 14 svapna dekhe| svapna dekhaneke 'pazcAt jAgRta hokara mahArAnIne svapnakA vRttAnta rAjAse kaha sunaayaa| rAjA jAnatA thA ki jaba tIrthakara, cakravartI garbha meM Ate haiM taba unakI mAtA isa prakArake zubha svapna dekhatI hai| vArANasIke mahArAjA evaM devalokake devoMne yaha utsava baDe Anandake sAtha mnaayaa| nau mAsa pUre hone para pauSa mAsameM kRSNa pakSakI dazamIke dina vAmAdevIne putraratnako janma diyaa| isI samaya indrakA Asana hila uThA, dizAoMke mukha hatirekase dedIpyamAna ho gye| nArakIke jIvoko bhI eka ghar3Ike lie sukha prApta huvA / vAyukI taraMgomeM pramodakI mAdakatA vyApta ho gii| tInoM bhuvanoMne apUrva udyotakA anubhava kiyaa| putrakA nAma zrIpArzvanAtha rakkhA gyaa| prabhAvatI kuzasthalake rAjAkI rAjakanyA thii| eka dina vaha sakhiyoMke sAtha vanakrIDAke lie niklii| vahAM usane kinnariyoM dvArA gAI jAtI huI zrIpArzvakumArakI guNagAthA sunii| usI dina usane pArvakumArake atirikta kisI anyase vivAha na karanekI pratijJA krlii| ___kaliMga dezAdhipati prabhAvatIko apanI banAnA cAhatA thaa| usane prasAvatIke pitA prasenajitake rAjyake AsapAsa gherA DAla diyaa| nagarake AvAgamanake mArga banda ho jAneke kAraNa kuzasthalakI prajA bhayaMkara trAsa pAne lagI / kaliMgasenAke sahana pramAdakA lAbha uThAkara mantrIkumAra kuzasthalase bhAga niklaa| usane jAkara pArzvakumArake pitAko isa ApattikA hAla sunaayaa| azvasenane yuddhakI taiyArI kara dii|

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172 jinavANI pArzvakumArane pitAko samajhAkara yuddhakA netRtva svayaM apane hAthameM le liyaa| kaliMgapati yavanane pArzvakumArake balavIrya aura parAkramakI bAta apane mantrIse sunakara yuddhakA vicAra chor3a diyA aura apanA kuThAra apane galemeM vAMdhakara pArzvakumArake caraNoMmeM jA girA aura bolA : "merI dhRSTatA kSamA kiijiye|" pAryakumArane binA yuddha kiye ho vijaya prApta kI aura phira pitAke Agrahase prabhAvatIkA pANigrahaNa kiyaa| eka dina pArzvakumAra apane mahalake jharokhemeM baiThe baiTha vizvakI lIlA dekha rahe the| usa samaya unhoMne kucha strIpuruSoMko vividha prakArakA naivedya hAthameM liye, utsAhapUrvaka jaldI jaldI nagarake bAhara jAte huve dekhA / unhoMne prazna kiyA : "isa prakAra ye loga kahAM jAte hoge?" eka anucarane uttara diyA : " koI tapasvI paMcAgnikI sAdhanA kara rahA hai| ye loga usakA satkAra karane jAte hai|" kutUhalavaza pArzvakumAra bhI ghoDepara savAra hokara usa TolIke pIche cala diye / ghoDe para caDhane, hAthIkI pITha para baiThakara jaMgalo ghUmane aura jalakrIDA karanekA unheM prathamase hI abhyAsa thaa| / pArzvakumArane nikaTa pahuMcakara dekhA to eka mRgacarmadhArI, jaTAdhArI tapasvI paJcAgnike madhyameM baiThA huvA AtApanA le rahA hai| pArzvakumAra bahuta dera taka isa tApasake kAyAklezako dekhate rhe| ' : tApasa apane manameM socane lagA : "itane sAre naranArI mujhe praNAma karate haiM, bhaktibhAvase naivedya caDhAte haiM, parantu isa azvArUDha kumArakI AMkhoMmeM kevala kutUhalamAtra hI hai, isakA kyA kAraNa hogA?" . .

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bhagavAna pArzvanAtha 173 eka orakI agni jarA bujhane lagI, isa lie tApasane pAsa paDe huve eka bhArI kApThakhaMDako uThAkara usameM DAlaneke liye hAtha bddhaayaa| " Thaharo," pArzvakumArane sattAvAhI svarame khaa| tApasa isa prakArakI AjJA sunanekA abhyAsI nahIM thaa| usake hRdayameM bahuta derase kumArake prati gupta roSa bharA thaa| ava usase na rahA gyaa| pAryakumArane tApasake saMkSobhako pahicAna ligA aura usake kucha bolanese pUrvahI kahA: "isa prakArake ajJAnamaya tapase, kevala kAyAklezase Apa kisa arthakI siddhi cAhate hai ?" isa apriya upadezame bhI tapasvIne eka prakArakI mRdutA aura madhuratAkI jhaMkArakA anubhava kiyaa| - "rAjakumAra ! jyAdese jyAdA to Apa ghoDe nacAnA jAnate hai| dharmajJAnakA dAvA Apa nahIM kara skte| dharma to hamAre adhikArakA viSaya hai| yaha tapa kevala kAyAkleza hai yA svarga aura mukti dilAne, vAlA hai, isa bAtako jitanA hama jAnate hai utanA Apa nahIM jAna sakate / " sAdhuke vacanoMmeM tiraskAra spaSTa jhalakatA thaa| "yaha to Apa bhI mAneMge hI na ki, dayAke binA dharma nahIM raha sakatA? aura isame to khullamakhullA dayAkA hI divAlA nikala rahA hai|" pArzvakumArane tApasakA mijAja ThikAne lAneke lie mUla bAta pkdd'ii| ___ " Apane kaise jAnA ki isameM lezamAtra bhI dayA nahIM hai?" aba tApasake antaHkaraNameM bhI agnikA saMtApa dhadhaka utthaa| / * Apake ajJAnamaya tapameM yaha nirdoSa sAMpa akAraNa hI jala rahA hai, Apako isakI savara hai? " yaha kahakara pArzvakumArane dhUnImeM

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174 jinavANI sulagate huve eka kASThakhaNDako apane manuSyoMse bAhara niklvaayaa| ise phAr3ane para usake bhItarase, agnike tApase vyAkula aura motakA AkharI dama bharatA huA eka bar3A phaNidhara sarpa bAhara nikala aayaa| pArzvakumArane usake kAnomeM namaskAramantrake kalyANakArI zabda sunaaye| vaha sAMpa turanta marakara namaskAra mantrake pratApase nAgAdhipati dharaNendra bana gyaa| bRhad bhaktasamUhake sAmane tApasakI zekhI kirakirI ho gaI aura vaha krodhase dhamadhamatA aura vairake kAraNa abAhI tabAhI bakatA huvA vahAMse cala diyaa| tApasake ajJAnamaya tapa aura nirdoSa sarpakI akAla mRtyune pArzvakumArake hRdayako viloDita kara diyaa| ve socane lo: kauna jAne, kitane hI ese ajJAnI tapasvI roja isI prakAra asaMkhya niraparAdha prANiyoMke prANa lete hoMge? itane prANiyoMkA vadha karane para bhI ina logoMko apane Apako dhArmika kahanemeM zarama nahIM AtI ! hiMsA aura dharma ye donoM eka sAtha kisa prakAra raha sakate hai ? hiMsAse pApa aura pApase duHkhabhoga, yaha sAdhAraNa niyama bhI ye ajJAnI nahIM jAnate, to phira isase adhikakI inase kyA AzA kI jA sakatI hai ? ajJAna tapa kyA kevala chilakoMko kUTane jaisI hI niSphala kriyA nahIM hai| dAvAnala lagane para, anya koI acchA mArga na milanese, jisa prakAra bahutase ajJAnI pazu-prANI bacanekI AzAse punaH usI dAvAgnimeM kUda par3ate haiM, usI prakAra ajJAnI tapasvI bhI saMsArasAgarase pAra utaranekI AzAse, kAyAklezako dharma, samajhakara saMsAradAvAnalameM hI phaMsa jAte

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bhagavAna pArzvanAtha 175 haiN| vastutaH samyag zraddhA aura samyam jJAnake binA jIvake nistAra pAnekA anya koI upAya nahIM hai|" para yaha tApasa thA kauna usakA nAma kamaTha / ajJAna tapa tapate huve, antaHkaraNameM vairabhAva dhAraNa kiye huve vaha kamaTha, paMkaprabhA narakake duHkha bhogakara, vividha tiryaMcoMkI yonimeM bhramaNa karatA huvA yahAM AyA thaa| vahI phira meghamAlI huvaa| vAyuke kaNakaNameM vasantakI mAdakatA bharI thii| vRkSa, latA, puSpa aura toraNa sabhI RturAjakA jayagAna kara rahe the| vasantotsavake mauna saMgAtase dizAeM mukharita ho rahI thiiN| pArzvakumAra bhI yaha utsava manAneke liye udyAna-vihAra kara rahe the| itanemeM unakI dRSTi mahalakI bhIta para citrita eka citra para pdd'ii| yaha citra zrIneminAtha bhagavAnakA thaa| citrakArane isameM apanA pUrA pUrA kauzala dikhalAyA thaa| "rAjimatI jaisI ananya anurAgavatI strIkA, vivAhake samaya hI, tyAga karake cale jAnevAlA puruSa kyA yahI hai ? yauvanake ArambhameM navayauvanAkA tyAga karanevAlA yaha puruSa kitanA indriyajita hogA ?" pArvakumAra uparokta citra dekhate ho virAga-bhAvanAkI punita zreNI para AruDha ho gye| : cAroM ora vyApta vilAsa-pramodakIrAganImeM pAvakumArane viSAdakA svara sunaa| utsavakA sava Ananda havA ho gyaa| inake gRhasthAvAsakAra yaha tIsavAM varSa thaa|

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176 jinavANI ___ saMsArake svarUpako AcchAdita karanevAlA paradA pArzvakumArakI dRSTike Agese haTa gyaa| jisa jIvako indrakA agAdha vaibhava bhI paritRpta na kara sakA use saMsArake kSaNika mukhopabhoga kisa prakAra santuSTa kara sakate the ? sAra samudrakA pAna karane para bhI jisakI tRpA gAnta na ho sakI use isa saMsArake osabinduoM jaise mukhose kyA zAnti mila sakatI hai ? indriyasukha aura indriyalAlasAke kAraNa naTake samAna aneka vilakSaNa abhinaya karate hue saMsArI strI-puruSoMkI eka bar3I citrazAlAko pArzvakumAra na jAne kaba taka dekhate rhe| unhoMne saMsAra-tyAgakA dRDha nizcaya kiyaa| mAtA-pitAkI anumati lekara [vArSikadAna dekara ve sarvasva tyAga karake cala diye| devoM aura indroMne bhI usa dina mahotsava manAyA / pArvakumArakA saMsArakA tyAga saMsArake mahAn saubhAgyakA avasara thaa| unake sAtha 300 jitane rAjAoMne dIkSA lii| pArzva bhagavAna vihAra karate huve eka dina kuveke nikaTavartI eka vaTavRkSake nIce kAyotsargameM sthira ho gye| sUryAsta ho cukA thaa| pAsavAle tApasa AzramameM bhI zAnti pravartamAna thii| isa samaya meghamAlIne pUrva vairakI yAda karake bhagavAna para aneka prakArake upasargIkI varSA kii| mUzalyArA varSAkA upadrava antima aura sabase adhika kaThora thaa| meghavArA kyA thI, mAnoM pralayakAla svayaM meghakA rUpa dhAraNa karake pRthvI para utara AyA ho, itanA tuphAna maca gayA, pAnIkI eka eka bUnda zikArIke gophanase nikale huve pattharake samAna AghAta karatI thii|

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bhagavAna pArzvanAtha 177 siMha, vAgha, bher3iyA aura hAthI jaise prANI bhI ghabarA utthe| jahAM pAnI Thahara bhI nasakatA thA vahAM bhI varSAkA jala kRtrima tAlAvake samAna sthira ho gyaa| ___ varSAkA yaha pAnI bar3hate bar3hate, kAyotsargameM acala khar3e huve bhagavAnakI nAsikA taka jA pahuMcA, tathApi bhagavAna pArzvanAtha to acala aura aGaga hI rhe| - isI samaya dharaNendrakA Asana kApA / usane turanta Akara bhagavAn para apane sAta phaNoMkA chatra dhAraNa kiyA / antataH parAjita meghamAlIne bhI bhagavAnase kSamA yAcanA kii| dIkSA leneke pazcAt 84 dina bItane para caitra kRSNA caturdazIko vizAkhA nakSatrameM bhagavAnako kevalajJAna huvA / (9) kevalajJAnake pramAvase pArzvaprabhu tInoM lokake samasta padArthIko jAnate haiN| unake AsapAsa zAnti, prasannatA aura sukha laharAte hai| vRkSa aura latAeM bhI phalo aura puppoka bhArase jhuke rahate hai| ve jahAM jAte haiM vahAM deva samavasaraNakI racanA karate haiN| isa samavasaraNa samAmeM sava prANiyoMke liye sthAna hotA hai| ___ bhagavAnane dezadezAntarameM saddharmakA khUba khUba pracAra kiyaa| kAzI, kogala, paMcAla, mahArASTra, magadha, avantI, mAlava, aMga, vaMga Adi AryakhaNDake samasta dezoMmeM satyadharmakA prakAza pahuMcA / saMsArake duHkhoMse duHkhI, saMtApase saMtapta asaMkhya jIva bhagavAnakI vANI sunakara ninazAsanase prema karane lo| bhagavAnake parivArameM 16 hajAra sAdhu, 28 hajAra sAdhvI, eka

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178 jinavANI lAkha cosaTha hajAra zrAvaka evaM tIna lAkha sattAIsa hajAra zrAvikAeM huii| 357 caudapUrvI, 1400 avadhijJAnI, 750 kevalI aura eka hajAra vaikriya labdhidhArI huve / / kamaTha jaisA bhagavAnakA vairI bhI pArzvanAtha prabhukI zAMti aura unakA dhairya dekhakara unake caraNoMmeM girA / bhagavAnakA upadeza sunakara usane bhI apane hRdayameM rahe hue jaharako nikAla phaikaa| Akhirako use samyagdRSTi prApta huI aura vaha mokSa-mArgakA adhikArI huvaa| pArzva prabhukI karuNAkI varSA, mitra aura vairIke meda vinA, sarva jIvoM para samAna rUpase hotI thii| / kitaneka tApasa ajJAnamaya tapa kara rahe the; kevala kAyAkleza saha rahe the| unhoMne pArva prabhuke satyamArgakA svIkAra kiyaa| " / nirvANake ekAdha mahinA pUrva bhagavAn saMmetazikhara para pdhaare| jaiina samAjameM yaha tIrtha bahuta prasiddha hai| yahAM bahutase sAdhakoM, munivaroMkA pavitra Agamana huvA hai / jisa kAlake viSayameM itihAsa bhI mauna hai, usa ati prAcIna samayameM isa sthAna para bahusaMkhyaka vairAgyavAna puruSoMne AtmakalyANakI sAdhanA kI hai| - isI sthAna para pArzvanAtha prabhune zrAvaNazuklA aSTamIko 33 munibaroMke sAtha mukti prApta kii| inake dehakA antima agnisaMskAra. devabRndane atyanta bhaktipUrvaka kiyA / / . . . . . , , Aja, to pArzvanAtha bhagavAna zAntimaya siddhazilA para virAjamAna haiM evaM ve aba kabhI martyalokameM vApasa nahIM aaeNge| phira bhI unakA satyamArga Aja sabake liye khulA hai| unake nAmase smaraNIya banA

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171 bhagavAna pArzvanAtha huvA pArzvanAtha-parvata Aja bhI mohabhrAMta manuSyoMkI AMkhameM apUrva aMjana lagAtA hai| __yahAM pArzvanAthake jIvanacaritrakI bahuta halkI rekhAeM citrita kI gaI hai| jinhoMne yuddhabherI athavA zaMkhanAda sunanekI AzA kI hogI unheM zAyada ise paDhane para nirAza honA par3A hogaa| jinhoMne ise isa liye paDhA hogA ki, isameM raktapAtakI bhayaMkara ghaTanAoM aura premamada ke raMgaviraMge citra dekhaneko mileMge, unheM bhI zAyada yaha rucikara na huvA ho, parantu bhAratavarSake jina aneka Arya mahApuruSoMne kaThina sAdhanA kI hai aura jinhoMne isa sAdhanAke pratApase, kabhI na bujhanevAlI prakAzakI magAle jalAI hai, una mahApuruSoMmeMse zrIpArzvanAtha bhagavAn bhI eka vandanIya puruSa hai, isameM tanika bhI sandeha nhiiN| koI prazna kara sakatA hai-"para kyA ye pArzvanAtha aitihAsika puruSa hai ?" ___ pArzvanAtha aitihAsika puruSa hai, isI lie to jaina matako bauddhadharmakI zAkhA kahanevAloMko cupa honA par3A hai| cauvIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra kucha jainadharmake pravartaka nahIM hai| inake pahile bhI jainadharma vartamAna thA, yaha vAta zrIpArzvanAthake aitihAsika vRttAntane siddha kara dI hai| mahAvIra bhagavAnase pahile bhI pArzvanAthane jainadharmakA pracAra kiyA thaa| pArzvanAtha bhagavAna mahAvIrasvAmI jitane hI aitihAsika puruSa haiN| ____ pArzvanAtha prabhuke caritrameM kitanI hI alaukika ghaTanAoMkA honA saMbhava hai| parantu itane hI se inakI aitihAsikatA kA inkAra nahIM

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180 jinavANI ho sktaa| rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata aura purANoke rAjavaMzoMkI vAtako jAne dIjie; vikramAditya, rAjA bhoja aura dUsare rajapUta rAjAoMka caritrameM bhI na jAne kitanI vicitra vAteM A ghusI hai; tathApi inakI aitihAsikatAke viSayameM koI zaMkA nahIM krtaa| ___yadi koI yaha siddhAnta banA baiThe ki jahAM alaukikatA hai, vahAM aitihAsikatA raha hI nahIM sakatI, to phira to azoka aura gautama buddha bhI kAlpanika puruSa hI mAne jAyeMge / IsAiyoke IsukhIsta aura isalAma dharmake pravartaka muhammada paigambarake caritrameM kyA alaukika ghaTanAeM nahIM hai ? sikkha saMpradAyake guru nAnaka, kavIra aura guru govindake jIvanameM bhI alaukika ghaTanAeM AI hai| abhI kala hI kI bAta hai, zrIrAmakRSNa paramahaMsa aura kezavacandra saMnakA jIvanacaritra bhI aisI ghaTanAmose aspRSTa nahIM rhaa| sArAMza yaha ki, pArzvanAtha bhagavAnake jIvanacaritrameM alaukika ghaTanAeM hai isI kAraNa pArzvanAtha nAmakA koI puruSa huvA hI nahIM, yaha bAta na mAnanI, na kahanI caahie| jaina Agama sAhityameM gaNadhara gautama aura kezIkA eka samvAda milatA hai| isa sambAdameM yadi tanika bhI aitihAsikatA ho to isa bAtameM jarA bhI zaka na honA cAhiye ki mahAvIra svAmIke pUrva jaina saMpradAya thA aura bhagavAna pArzvanAtha usake paricAlaka the / AcArya kaizI pArzvanAtha bhagavAnake ziSya the| ve pAca bhagavAnake anuyAyiyoMke eka netA bhI the| gautamasvAmI aura inameM jo samvAda huvA usameM kyA mahAvIrasvAmIne hI sarvaprathama satyadharmakA pracAra kiyA hai ? mahAvIrasvAmI pradarzita mArga para calanese jIvoMkI mukti ho sakatI hai

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bhagavAna pArzvanAtha 181 yA nahIM ?- ityAdi praznoMkI chAnavIna kI gaI hai, yaha bAta spaSTa pratIta hotI hai| kezI munike saba praznoMkA gautamasvAmIne santoSakAraka samAdhAna kiyA thaa| ____ AcArya kezIne pUchA : " pArzvanAthane to cAra mahAvata batalAe haiM, phira vardhamAna pAMca kyo batalAte haiN|" gautamasvAmI uttara dete hai : "pArzvanAthako apane samayakI sthitike anusAra cAra mahAnata hI ucita pratIta huve hoge| mahAvIrane apane kAlake aucityake anusAra inhIM cAra vratoMko pAMca vratoMmeM vibhakta karanA ucita smjhaa| vastutaH sidvAntako dRSTise to dAnoM tIrthaMkaroMke nirUpaNameM kucha bhI bheda nahIM hai| acelaka aura sacelaka viSayakI carcA karate huve gautamasvAmI eka aura samAdhAna bhI karate haiM : patrake tyAga athavA svIkArake vAremeM bhI kucha matabheda nahIM hai| logoM ke vizvAsake liye hI bhinna bhinna prakArake upakaraNokI kalpanA kI gaI hai| saMyama nibhAneke liye aura apane jJAnake liye bhI logomeM veSakA prayojana hai| nahIM to, nizcaya nayake anusAra to jJAna, darzana aura cAritra hI mokSake satya sAdhana hai| isa prakAra pArzvanAtha bhagavAn aura vardhamAnasvAmIkI ekasI pratijJA hai / veSa to kevala vyavahAranayakI apekSAse hai| pArzvanAtha bhagavAnake saMpradAyake nAyaka zrIkezIkumArako isase vizvAsa ho jAtA hai ki pArzvanAtha bhagavAna aura vadharmAnasvAmIke upadezameM kisI prakArakA maulika matabheda nahIM hai| isake pazcAt donoM

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182 jinavANI saMpradAya eka dUsare meM mila ge| isa vivecanase itanA siddha hotA hai(1) bhagavAna mahAvIrake pUrva bhI jaina saMpradAya thaa| (2) yaha saMpradAya pArzvanAthako tIrthakara mAnatA aura unake upadezameM pUrNataH zraddhA rakhatA thaa| (3) mahAvIrasvAmIne pAvanIthake zAsanakA saMskAra aura saMzodhana karake usakA khUba pracAra kiyA thaa| unheM kucha navIna bAta kahanI na thii| kegI gautama samvAda pArzvanAthakI aitihAsikatAko siddha karatA hai| __jaina mantavyake anusAra bhagavAn mahAvIrasvAmIke nirvANase 250 varSa pUrva bhagavAn pArzvanAthakA nirvANa huvA hai| bhagavAn pArzvanAthakI Ayu 100 varSakI thii| IsavI sanake 599 varSa pUrva mahAvIrasvAmIkA janma aura 527 varSa pUrva nirvANa huvA thaa| 527 meM 250 milAnese 877 hote hai; ataeva IsavI sanake 877 varSa pUrva pArzvanAtha bhagavAnake janmase yaha bhAratabhUmi dhanya huI thii| bhagavAn pArzvanAtha 30 varSa gRhasthAvasthAmeM aura 70 varSa vratAvasthAmeM rahe arthAt unhoMne kula 100 varSakI Ayu bhogii| kamaThe dharaNendre ca svocitaM karma kurvati / prabhustulyamanovRttiH pArzvanAthaH zriye'stu vH|| kamaThane prabhupara upasarga kiye, dharaNendrane unakI bhakti kI, tathApi pArzvanAthane to dono para samAna dRSTi hI rkkhii| aisI samAna dRSTivAle pramu ApakI sampattike liye hoM!

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mahAmeghavAhana mahArAjA khAravela prAcIna samayameM, bhAratavarSake prakhyAta Arya rAjyoMmeM kaliMgakA nAma vizeSa mahattva rakhatA hai| kaliMgakA aizvarya aura usakI dharmaniSThAke varNanase itihAsake pRSTha suzobhita hai| vaha sabhyatA kitanI purAnI hai yaha to abhI taka nizcaya nahIM ho skaa| ati prAcIna pustakoMmeM bhI kaliMgakA nAmollekha hai| elekjeMDarako savArIke varNanameM kaliMgakA nAma hai; megasthanIz2ane bhI apanI pravAsapustakameM kaliMgako sthAna diyA hai| mahArAjA azokake eka zilAlekhameM kaliMgake satyAnAzakI eka atyanta romAMcakArI ghaTanAkA varNana hai| yaha zilAlekha sAvAjagiri parvatameM milA hai| usakA mUla pATha aura artha nIce diyA jAtA hai :____ "a(sTava) a abhisita ( de)vAna priasa piadrazI (sa) rAjo ka (liga vijita) (diSadha) matre (praNazata sahale) yetato apavUDhe satasahasra (ma) tre tatra hate vahu (tavatake ) mUTe (1) tato (pa)cha adhUna lasu (kaliMgesu) tine dhrama (palanam ) dhrama (ka) mata dhramanuzasti ca devAnaM pri (a)sa / so asti anusocana (m) devAnaM priasa vijinitu (ka)liMga(ni) (1) avijitaM hi (viji) namani (ye) tatra vadho va (ma) raNam va apava( ho) va janasa (1)

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jinavANI taM vadhaM vedaniya mataM gurumatam ca devAnaM priasa (1) imaM pi cU tato gulamata (ta) (deva)ni priasa (1) tatra hi vasaMni brahmaNa va zramaNa ca aJcaiva busaGga (ha)tha va yesu vihita esa agra bhU (Ti) sunusa matapitusu sususa guruNaM sususa( mita) saMstuta ahayajvatikesu (da) sabha(Ta)kanam sammapaTipati diDha (bhatita) ( / ) teSaM tatra bhoti apagratho ya vadho va abhiratana va nikramaNaM (1) yedha va pi savihitanaM (ne) ho aviprahiNo e (te) ya mita saMstuta sahayaJcatika vasana capuNati (1) tatra taMpi teSa vo apagratho bhoti (1) paTibhagam ca etamsatram manusanam gurumatam ca devAnam priasa (nasti) ca ekataraspi pi prasaMsapi na nama prasado (1) so yamatro (jano) tada kaliMge hato ca mUTo ca apabu (co) ca ta (to) zatabhage sahasrabhagaM va aja gurumatam vo devAnaM priasa (1) yA pi ca apakayeya ti chamitavidhamate vo devAnaM primasa yaM zako chamanaye (1) ya pi ca aTavi devAnaM priasa (vi) jite bhoti ta pi anuneti anunijhapeti (1) anutape pica prabhave devAnaM priasa (1) bucati tepa ki ti avanaSesu na ca haMceyasu (1) ichati devAnaM priyo satra bhUtana achati saMyamam samacariyaM rabhasiye ( / ) ese ca mu (kha) mUte vijaye devAnaM priasa yo dhramavijayo so ye puna ladho devAnaM priasa iha ca sa (bre ) su ca aMteSu adhasupi yojanaza (te) yu yatra aMtiyoko nama yonaraji paraMca tena aMtiyokena cature rajani turamaye nama aMtikini nama maka alikasudaro nama nica coDa paDa aba taMvapaMniya evameva hidaraja (1) vizavani yona kaMboyesu nabhake na(mi)tiNa bhoja pitinikesu aMdhra pUli (de) su savatra devAnaM priasa

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mahAmeyavAhana mahArAjA khAravela dhramanuzasti anuvaTaMti (1) yatrapi devAnaM priyasa dUta na vacaMti te pi zru (tu) devAnaM priasa bhramabuddhaM vidhenaM dhramanugasti dhrama (anu) vidhiyaMti anuvidhiyigaMti ca (1) yo (ca) lave etakena bhoti savatra vijayo sa (vatra pUna ) vijayo pritiraso so (1) lagha (bhoti) priti dhramavijayaspi (1.) lahuka tu yo sa priti (1) paratrika meva mahaphala meMcati devAnaM priyo / etaye va aThahe ayo bhramadipi (di) pista ki ti / putra prapotra me asu navaM vijayaM ma vijetavi (ya) m maMcipu ka yo bhijaye (cham ) tica laDDudam (Da) taM ca rocetu taM e (va) vijamaMca (1) yo dhramavijaye so hidalokiko paralokika satra ca nivati bhotu ya (stra) marati (1) sa hi hitakokika paralokika (1)" isa lekhakA marma isa prakAra hai " abhiSekake aSTama varSameM devapriya rAjA priyadarzIne kaliMga para vijaya prApta kI / isa yudvameM eka lAkha ( zatasahana ) manuSya mAre gaye, aura isase bhI adhika vandI bane / kaliMga-vijayake pazcAt devapriyakA mana dharmakI aura AkarSita huvA / devapriyake manameM atyanta pazcAttApa honese aura-kaliMga vijayake kAraNa anyanta anutApa utpanna honese inakA dharmaprema atyanta bar3ha gayA hai| avijita dezoM para adhikAra prApta karanemeM jo vadha karanA par3atA hai, manuSyoMko mAranA par3atA hai aura unhe bandI banAnA paDatA hai usase mere antaHkaraNako bahuta coTa pahuMcI hai / vizeSa khedakA viSaya to yaha hai ki brAhmaNa, zramaNa, yati aura dhArmika gRhastha sarvatra rahate hai, inameMse kitane hI gurujana, mAtApitA AdikI sevA karate hoge, bandhu-bAndhava aura jAtivAloMkI sevAmeM

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186 jinavANI tatpara rahate hoMge aura apane naukaroM tathA dAsadAsiyoMke prati prema rakhate hoge; mAlUma nahIM kaliga-yuddha meM aise kitane hI manuSya mara gae hoMga; na jAne kitane apane priya janoMse vilaga ho gae hoMge / jo jIte bace hai unake bandhuone, jAti bhAiyone aura kuTumviyoMne na jAne kitane atyAcAra sahana kiye hoMge ? isase ina savako atyanta duHkha huve binA nahIM raha sakatA / devapriya rAjA priyadarzIko apane ina saba atyAcAroMse bahuta duHkha hotA hai, gaMbhIra marmavyathAkA anubhava hotA hai| bhUtala para aisA eka bhI deza nahIM hai jahAM bAharaNa, zramaNa aura anya dharmaparAyaNa loga na vasate ho / aisA bhI koI deza na hogA jahAM manuSya kisI na kisI eka dharmakA anusaraNa na karate hoNge| kaliMgake isa yuddha meM jo itane adhika manuSya mAre gae hai, ghAyala huve hai, vAMdhe gaye hai aura krUratAke bhoga hue hai unake liye devapriya rAjAko Aja haz2Ara gunI adhika pIr3A hotI hai, usakA citta zokamagna ho jAtA, hai / Aja aba devapriya samasta prANiyoMkI rakSA aura maMgalakI bhAvanA rakhatA hai / vaha cAhatA hai ki, saba prANiyoMmeM dayA, zAMti aura nirbhayatA rahanI cAhiye / devapriya rAjA ise dharmakI jaya mAnatA hai| devapriya aba apane rAjyameM aura saikar3oM yojana dUravAle sImA para sthita pradezoMmeM isa prakArakI dharmavijayako pravartita karanemeM Anandita hotA hai / yavanarAja enTiyokAsake rAjyameM tathA usake rAjyako sImAke AgevAle TolemI, ainTigonasa, megAsa aura elekajeNDara, ina cAra nRpatiyoMke rAjyoMmeM; dakSiNameM colarAjya aura pAMDyarAjyameM evaM tAmraparNI taka samasta sthAnoMmeM vizavaji, yavana, kAmboja, nAbhAka, nabhapaMthI,

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187 mahAmeghavAhana mahArAjA khAravela bhoja, piTinika, AMdhra, pulinda Adi sava jAtiyoke rAjyomeM ava devapriyake dharmAnuzAsanakA pAlana hotA hai / jina jina dezoMmeM devapriyake dUta gaye hai una una dezoMkI prajAne devapriyakA dharma sunA hai aura usakA pAlana bhI kiyA hai / isa prakAra sarvatra dharmakI vijaya huI hai| isase devapriyako bahuta Ananda huvA hai / parantu vaha isa Anandako tuccha samajhatA hai / vaha pAralaukika kalyANako adhika zreyaskara mAnatA hai| isI liye yaha anuzAsanalipi taiyAra kI gaI hai| mere putroM aura pautroMko aba navIna rAjyoM para vijaya prApta karanekI utsukatA chor3a denI cAhiye / dharmavijaya sivAya anya kisI prakArakI vijayakI inhe vRtti na honI cAhiye / alazastroMkI sahAyatAse vAstavika vijaya prApta nahIM ho sktii| dharmavijaya hI isa loka aura paralokameM maMgalakArI hai| unhe dharmavijayameM hI zraddhA honI cAhiye, yahI ubhaya lokameM hitakArI hai|" aitihAsika dRSTise yaha zilAlekha bahuta mUlyavAna hai| isameM bhAratavarSa aura usake AsapAsake dezokA tatkAlIna varNana milatA hai| grIsa rAjAke jo nAma isameM hai ve saba suprasiddha aitihAsika hai azokake kAla-nirNayameM yaha upayogI ho sakatA hai / maurya sAmrAjyakA kitanA vistAra thA, kitane khaMDiyA rAjA the aura kitane mitrarAjya the, isa bAtakA bhI isameM ullekha hai| isa zilAlekhase yaha mAlUma hotA hai ki, mahArAjA azoka dvArA vijita honese pUrva kaliMgadeza, eka svatantra, samRddha aura vastIse acchI AbAdIvAlA deza thA / brAhmaNa, zramaNa (sAdhu ) aura anya dharmaparAyaga

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jinavANI mahAtmA vahAM rahate the| yaha nayA maurya samrATa apane zauryake abhimAnameM cUra hokara kaliMga-vijayake liye nikalA / para kaliMgane dInatA na prakaTa kI, vaha bhI mukAbalemeM A DaTA / itihAsa to isa yuddhakI kathAko bhUla gayA / isakA pUrNa vivaraNa nahIM milatA, tathApi azokakA zilAlekha yaha siddha karatA hai ki yaha yuddha eka trAsadAyaka aura romAMcakArI ghaTanAke rUpameM pariNata ho gayA thaa| svadezake svAtantryakI rakSAke liye, dharma, dhana aura mAnakI rakSAke liye lAkhoM kaliMgavAsione apanI deha balidAna kI thI / lAkhoM kalilAvAsI mauryasamrATake vandI bane the| kitane hI logoMko apane pyAre vatanase vilaga honA par3A thaa| anekoMko asahya yantragAkI cImeM pisA jAnA par3A thaa| isa yuddha meM agokane vijaya prApta kI thii| kaliMgako magadha-satrATake caraNoM para natamastaka honA par3A thaa| parantu manuSyatvakI dRSTise dekha to kaligane hI azoka para vijaya prApta kI thii| kaliMgAyuddhake bhayaMkara mAnavasaMhAra aura pAzavika atyAcArane anokake hRdayako cirdAga kara diyaa| isake bAda agokane koI yuddha nahIM kiyA / kaliMga-yuddha usake jIvanameM antima buddha bana gyaa| isake pazcAt usane dharmakA Azraya liyaa| dekhate hI dekhate usane apanI dharmaniSThAke liye khyAti prApta kara lI / parvato parake usake zilAlekha aura anuzAsana isa vAtakI sAkSI de rahe haiN| pravala parAkramI cakravartI jaise azoka rAjAne dharmake liye jisa tyAgabhAvanAkA svIkAra kiyA hai vaha AryAvartake prAcIna rAjAkI eka viziSTatAkI ghotaka hai / khupati, yudhiSThira aura janaka Adi rAjarSi

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mahAmeghavAhana mahArAjA cAravela 2 jaise paurANika rAjAoMkI bAta jAne do, aitihAsika kAlameM bhI parAkramI aura dharmaparAyaNa rAjAoM kI kamI nahIM rhii| kauna nahIM jAnatA ki, vikramAditya rAjarAjezvara honeke sAtha hI dhArmikoMmeM bhI agragaNya thA / samrATa candraguptane apane antima jIvanameM jainadharmakI dIkSA lI thI, aisA varNana bhI milatA hai| mahArAjA kaniSka aura gilAditya jaise bauddha rAjA parAkramI the aura sAtha hI dharmaparAyaNa bhI the, yaha bAta itihAsavettA eka svarase svIkAra karate hai / azokake saMbandha meM bhI yahI bAta hai / eka ora kaliMgako vijaya, arthAt asAdhAraNa gaurya, vIrya thA aura dUsarI ora jvalanta dharmaniSThA - dharmake satata pracArake liye avirAma udyoga thA / > kaliMgadeza magadhakI beDiyoMse kaba taka jaMkar3A rahA yaha nizcita rUpase nahIM kahA jA sakatA / yaha bhI ThIka ThIka nahIM kaha sakate ki yaha veDI kaba aura kisane toDa phaikii| isameM to saMdeha nahIM ki, azokakI mRtyuke pazcAt turanta hI kaliMga sAmrAjyase bAhara - mukta - ho gayA thA / magadha meM mauryagAsana antima zvAsa le rahA thA, mRtyuzaiyA para par3A thA, usa samaya kaliMgake eka pratApI rAjapuruSakA janma ho cukA thA / isa rAjapurupakA nAma thA khAkhela | khAravela parAkramameM azokase kisI prakAra bhI kama na thA / dharmaniSThAmeM vaha azokakA pratidvandvI thaa| mahArAjA khAkhela mahAnedhavAhanake nAmase bhI prasiddha thA / vaha jainadharmAvalambI thA / ur3IsA udayagiriko hAthI guphAmeMse mahArAjA khAkhelakA eka zilAlekha milA hai / vaha ThIka ThIka nahIM par3hA jAtA, usakA artha

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jinavANI karanemeM bhI vahutasI kaThinAiyoMkA sAmanA karatA par3atA hai| usake viSayameM paNDitoMmeM bahuta matabheda hai| yahAM maiM usameMse kucha pATha uddhRta karatA huuN| saMbhava hai isameM bhI kucha bhUleM ho| eka eka paMkti uddhRta karake usakA artha diyA jaaygaa| (1) ___ namo arahatAna [1] namA savasidhAna [1] airena mahArAjena mAhA. meghavAhanena cetirAjavasavadhanena pasathasubhalakhanena caturantalaThitagunopahitena kaliMgAdhipatinA siri khAravelena / " " arhatako nmskaar| sakala siddhoMko nmskaar| (yaha) mahArAjA airakartRka (khodita) / vaha mevarUpa mahAratha para ArUDha hai / vaha mana aura icchAse ujjvalatama dhanakA adhikArI hai| usakA zarIra atyanta sundara hai| usakI senA atyanta nirbhaya hai| kaliMga dvIpake 83 parvatoM para usane guphAeM khudavAI haiN|" prinsepakA kathana hai ki, isa lekhako khudavAnevAle rAjAke vAstavika nAmakA isameM ullekha nahIM hai| usane apaneko 'aira' aura 'mahA meghavAhana' nAmase sucita kiyA hai| 'aira' zabdakA artha irA arthAt paurANika IlAkI santAna hotA hai| mahAmeghavAhana zabda bhI kAlpanika arthakA dyotaka hai| prinsepake pazcAtake paNDitoMne priMsepake arthoMmeM kucha bhUleM nikAlI hai / unake matAnusAra uparokta paMktikA artha isa prakAra hotA hai "ahatako namaskAra, sakala sAdhuoMko nmskaar| Arya mahArAjA khAravela zrI (kartRka khodita); inakA dUsarA nAma mahAmeghavAhana hai| ye kaligAdhipati hai| ye cetavaMzadhara hai| vaha kSemarAja arthAt zAnti

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mahAmeghavAhana mahArAjA khAravela priya narapati hai / vaha vRddhoM aura bhikSuoMkA rAjA hai| " (2) " pandarasavasAni sirikaDArasarIravatA kIDitA kumArakiDikA [1] tato lekharUpagaNanAvavahAravidhivisAradena savavijAvadAtena navavasAni yovaraja pasAsita [1] saMpuNacatuvisativasa tadAni vadhamAna sesayo venAbhivijayo tatiye / " J4 " usakA zarIra atyanta sundara thA / 15 varSakI Ayu hone taka usane bAlakrIDA kI / tadanantara nau varSa taka zikSA prApta kii| gaNita, potavidyA, vANijya aura vyavahAra ( nyAya) Adi sIkhakara saba vidyA - oMmeM vizArada ho gayA / isa samaya vRddha rAjAkI avasthA 85 varSakI thI / " yaha artha prinsepakA hai / Ajakala, pANData isakA artha isa prakAra karate hai - 15 ve varSameM usane yuvarAjapada prApta kiyA aura nau varSa taka 1. } vaha yuvarAja rahA / 191 1 ( 3 ) 'kaliMgarAjavasapurisayuge mahArAjAbhisecana pApunAti (1) abhisitamato pavane vase vAtavinagopurapAkAranivesana paTisakhArayati | kaliMganagari [F], khatrIraisitALataDAgapADiyo ca vadhApayati savuyAnapaTisaThapanaM ca / 61, 1 " 66 + 4 isa prakAra 24 varSakI AyumeM jaba jJAnavAn evaM dharmajJAtA hokara yauvanameM padArpaNa kiyA taba usane kaliMgarAjavaMzIyoMke sAtha purIke yuddhameM tIsarI bAra vijaya prApta kI / isa vijayase isakI mahArAja padavI pavitra huI | rAjyAbhiSekake pazcAt usane vipradharma arthAt veda,zAsita brAhmaNadharma para Asakta hokara, AMdhiyoMse jIrNa huve nagara, kiloM aura gharoMkA punaruddhAra karAyA / kaliMga zaharameM daridroM (athavA sAdhuoM ) ke liye tAlAba, ghATa banavAye aura anya Ava

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192 jinavANI zyaka vastuoMke liye cirasthAyI prabandha kiyaa|" prinsepa isa prakAra artha karake anumAna lagAte haiM ki khAravela kisa dharmameM zraddhA rakhatA thA yaha vAta anizcita hai| "vipradharma para Asakta " thA isase prakaTa hai ki vaha jaina nahIM thaa| pantu Ajakalake anya paNDita isakA artha isa prakAra karate haiM : "vaha 24 varSakI AyumeM kaliMga rAjavaMgake tIsare paryAyameM mahArAja padAbhiSikta huvA / rAjatvake pahile varSameM usane AMdhiyoMse jIrNa huve nagara, kiloM aura gharoMkA jIrNoddhAra kraayaa| kaliMga nagarameM usane zItala tAlAva tathA udyAnAdikA punarnirmANa kraayaa|" (4) ___ "kArayati [1] panatisAhi satasahasehi patiyo ca rajayati / dutiye ca base acitayitA sAtakaNi pAThamadisa hayagajanararaghavahula daDa paThApayati / kahanAM gata ya ca senAya vitAsina musikanagara tatiye puna base / " __"83 zatasahasra paga vyaya karake usane prakRtivargakA raMjana kiyaa| hAthI, ghoDoM, manuSyoM aura rayoMke liye pazcima bhAgameM sUtradhArane jo eka dUsarA ghara banAyA thA usameM anya gharoMkI vRddhi kI, jo kaMsavanameM se dekhaneke liye Ate the unake liye; zakanagarake adhivAsiyoke ......vAtAyana " prinsepakA yaha artha vahuta china bhinna hai| yaha samajhameM nahIM aataa| Aja vidvAna uparokta paMktikA artha isa prakAra karate haiM___ "rAjatvake dUsare varSameM usane gAtakarNiko agrAhya karake, pazcimakI ora eka bar3I senA bhejI aura kaugAMvoMkI madadase eka / nagara para adhikAra prApta kiyA / "

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mahAmeghavAhana mahArAjA khAravela 193 (5) " gadhavavedayudho daMpanatagItavAditasandasanAhi usavasamAjakArApanAhi ca kIDApayati nagari / tathA cavuye vase vijAdharAdhivAsa ahatapuva kAliMgapuvarAjanivesita...vitadhamakula savilamaDhite ca ..nisvitachata-" ___ "vaha puNyaparAyaNa aura gaMdharvavidyAmeM bhI sunipuNa thaa| daMpana aura tabhata vjaataa| sundarI aura harSadAyinI nAgarIoMke sAtha AnandameM samaya vitAtA / aura lokavyavasthAke lie usane pUrva kaliMgameMse vidvAna arhatoMko eka mahAsabhAmeM Amantrita kiyA thaa| ina sava AhetoMko prAcIna rAjanyoMne bahuta dIrgha kAlase vahAM pratiSThita kiyA thaa|" yaha prinsepakA kiyA huvA artha hai| isa arthameM bAdako kucha sudhAra kiyA gayA hai "vaha gaMdharvavidyAmeM bahuta nipuNa thaa| rAjatvake tIsare varSameM usane apane nRtya gIta nATaya Adise nagaravAsiyoMko khUba Anandita kiyA thaa| kaliMgake pUrvavartI rAjA jisa dharmasthAna (sAdhunivAsa)kA pahile bahuta mAna karate the, usakA usane bhI, rAjatvake cauthe varSameM bahuta sanmAna kiyaa|" "bhiMgAre hitaratanasApateye savaraThikamojake pAde vadApayati / paMcame ca dAnI vase nandarAjativasasataoghATitaM tanasuliyabATA panADi nagara pves[yoti| so .....bhisito ca rAjasuya [ya] sadazayato sakkaravaNa." " phira usane dAnaparavaza hokara....naMdarAjAke naSTa eka so ghara.... aura svayaM vajapanAdi nagarakA saba kucha le liyaa| isa saba TUTase mile huve mAlako usane pUrvokta satkarmoM meM vyaya kiyaa|"

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194 jinavANI prinsepakA yaha artha bilkula samajhameM nahIM aataa| parantu isake vAdake paNDitoMne isakA artha isa prakAra kiyA hai "rASTrikoM aura bhojagaNane usakI AdhInatAkA svIkAra kiyaa| nandarAjAke vAda 103 barasa taka vanda par3I rahI pAnIko naharako usane apane rAjatvake paMcama varSameM sudharavAkara, tanasulyake mArgase nagarake bIcameM jArI kii|" (7) __"anugaha anekAni satasahasAni visajati poraM jAnapada | satama ca vasa pasAsato vajiragharava[ ]ti ghusitaparinIsa [matukapada ] punAti kumaar]......| aThame ca vase mahatA senA......goraghagiri" prinsepa isake viSayameM sirpha itanA hI kahate haiM ki " usane lAkhoM anugraha kiye|" Adhunika paNDita isakA isa prakAra artha karate haiM: "rAjatvake chaThe varSameM usane zahara aura deza ke nivAsiyoM para 'lAkhoM anugraha kiye|.... AThaveM varSa meM usane magadha para car3hAI kI aura gorakhagiri taka phuNcaa|" (8) "ghAtApayita rAjagaha upapIDApayati / etina ca ka mApadAnasanAdena savitasenavAhano vipamucitu madhura apayAto yavanarAja Dimita...(mo.) yachati (vi)...palava..." ___"jisa rAjAko usane naSTabhraSTa kiyA use guphAmeM banda kara diyaa| hatyAroMko bhI usane satkarmarata kiyaa|.... madhura vacana aura vinayAdikA upayoga karatA thaa|" yaha artha bhI truTita hai| prinsepa isase adhika kucha bhI nizcaya

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mahAmeghavAhana mahArAjA khAravela 195 na kara sake / parantu Ajakala paNDita isakA kucha aura hI artha kahate haiM: 'rAjagRhakA rAjA mathurAkI ora bhAga gayA / " (9) " kaparukhe hayaga naraghasahayate savagharAvAsaparivasane sajagigaThiyA / savagahana ca kArayituM vamhaNAna jAti parihAra dadAti / arahato.. va...na. .giya " "kapi, gAya, azva, hAthI, bhaisa aura gharakI anya upayogI vastueM .... duSToM ko nikAla bAhara karanA... brAhmaNa sevakoMko dAna kiyA / " yaha, prinsepakA artha hai / aba isakA artha isa prakAra kiyA jAtA hai : " rAjatvake navama varSameM usane brAhmaNoko khUba dAna diyA / " (10) ec '...ka 1. mAna [ti ] rA [ja] sanivAsa mahAvijaya pAsAda kArayati aThatisAya satasahasehi / dasame ca vase daDasaghIsAmamayo bharaghavasapaThAnaM mahijayana... ti kArApayati... (niritaya) uyAtAna ca maniratanA [ni ] upalabhate / " " rAjAne paMcadaza vijayakA mahala banavAyA thA / prAcIna rAjAoMka dezameM use kucha gaurava na dikhalAI diyA ... usane IrSA aura mUrkhatA phailI huI dekhI / ... 1300 meM .... vicAra karake ... "} khaNDita akSaroMkA artha baiThAnekA yatna karate huve bhI prinsepane isakA adhUrA hI artha kiyA hai| .... yaha artha hotA hai - " usane mahAvijaya mahala banavAyA / suvarNakA kalpavRkSa dAnameM diyA / isa vRkSake saba patte soneke the / brAhmaNoMko hAthI, ghor3e, sArathI sahita ratha arpaNa kriye / aura bhI bahutase dAna kiye / brAhmaNoMne khuzIse svIkAra kiyA / "

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jinavANI (11) ".... .maDa ca avarAjanivesita pIthuDagadabhanaMgalena kAsayati [] janasa dabhAvana ca terasavasasatika [ * ] tu midati tamaradehasaghAta / vArasame ca...vase...hasa...ke. ja. sabasehi vitAsayati utarApatharAjAno .." prinsepa isakA kucha bhI artha na kara sakA / anya vidvAna isa prakAra artha karate haiM: "rAjatvake dasave varSameM senA bhejakara vijaya prApta kii| 11veM varSameM logoMko Anandita karaneke liye usane apane eka pUrvajakI kASThamayI mUrti banavAkara eka jalasa nikaalaa|" kucha loga isa lekhase yaha artha nikAlate hai ki, 113 varSameM usane, pithuda nAmaka eka atyanta prAcIna nRpati dvArA sthApita kSetra halase jutvaayaa| usase pahile 113 varSase jinapadadhyAna banda rahA thaa| (12) 10 " ...magadhAna ca vipula bhaya janetA hathI sugagIya [.] pAyayati / mAgadha ca rAjAna vahasatimita pAde vadApayati / nadarAjanIta ca kAliMga jina sanivesa .. * gaharatanAna paDihArehi aGgamAgadhavasu ca neyAti / " prinsepa kucha ThIka artha nahIM kara sakA / Ajake paNDitoMkA kiyA huvA artha isa prakAra hai 12veM varSameM usane uttarApathake rAjAoM para AkramaNa kiyaa| magadhavAsiyoMke hRDhayameM AtaMka jamAneke liye usane gaMgA nadIme apane hAthI nhlaae| magadharAja usake caraNoMmeM natamastaka ho gyaa| usane mandiroMko sajAyA aura vahuta dAnavRSTi kii|"

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mahAmeghavAhana mahArAjA khAravela 197 "... * tu [] jamalikhilavarAni siharAni nivesayati satavesikna parihArena / abhutamachariya ca' hathinAvana paripura mavadena hayahathIratanAmA] nika paNDarAjA cedAnI anekAni mutamaNiratanAni aharApayati idha sto|" ___ " vArANasImeM bhI usane puSkala svarNa vitIrNa kiyA....bahutase mUlyavAna ratna dAna diye|" yaha prinsepakRta artha hai| "... ..sino vsiikroti| terasame ca vase supavatavijayacaka kumArIpavate marihate [ya?] pakhINasasitehi kAyanisIdIyAya yApanAvakehi rAjabhitini cinavatAni vasAsitAni / pUjAya ratavAsa khAravelasirinA jIvadehasirikA prikhitaa|" ___1300 meM usane parvatavijayakI kanyAke sAtha vivAha kiyaa|" prinsepake isa arthameM nimna likhita sudhAra huvA hai "rAjalvake 13ve varSameM usane kumArI parvata para eka stambha sthApita kiyA aura Aheta-nivAsokA jIrNoddhAra kraayaa|" ___ "......[su] katisamaNasuvihitAna [nu!] ca satadisAnaM [nu?] bAnina tapasi isina saghiyana [nu] arahatanisITiyA samIpe pamAre varAkarasamuthapitAhi anekayojanAhitAhi pa. si. o ..silAhi siMhapatharAnisi [.] dhuDAya nisyaani|" prinsepa isakA artha na kara skaa| Ajakala paNDita isakA artha isa prakAra karate hai___"Aheta-nivAsoMke pAsa ratnakhacita, cAra khambhoMvAle kAmacalAU makAna bhI vnvaae|"

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198 jinavANI __ "ghaTAlINha catare ca vairiyagamethamme patiThApayati pAnatariyA stshshi| muriyakAlavochina ca coyaTiagasatika turiya upaadyti| khemarAjA sa vaDharAjA sa bhikhurAjA dhamarAjA pasato sunato anubhavato kalANAni / " " usane bhUmi gRha, caitya maMdira aura stambhokA nirmANa kraayaa|" prinsepakA mata hai ki isI paMktimeM zaurasenake sAthake yuddhakI cAta honI caahiye| (17) "......guNavisesakusalo sakpAsaDapUjako svdevaaytnskaarkaarko| [a] patihata cakivAhinilo cakadhuro gutacako pavatacako rAjasivasakulavinizrito mahAvijayo rAjA khaarvelsiri|" / "anya matAvalambI bhI jisakI satata pUjA karate haiM vaha, zatruoMkA saMhAra karanevAlA, lakSapati, bahutase parvatoMkA nirbhaya adhipati, sUryake samAna, vijetA khAravela / " khAravelake isa zilAlekhake uparokta pAThameM bahutasI azuddhiyAM hai| paMktiyoM ke arthaka sambandhameM bhI paNDita ekamata nahIM hai| zilAlekhake akSara-vAkya bahutasI jagahameM khaNDita hai / ata eva pATha aura arthakA yathocita nirNaya nahIM ho sakatA / tathApi jo kucha samajhameM AyA hai, jo mAnya huvA hai usase isa khAravelake zilAlekhakA aitihAsika mUlya pUrvokta azokake zilAlekhase tanika bhI nyUna nahIM hai| ___azokake zilAlekhake samAna isa khAravelake zilAlekhase bhI, ise khudavAnevAle nRpatike jIvanakI kitanI hI hakIkateM mila AtI hai| usake par3osI rAjyoM ke sambandhameM bhI thor3I jAnakArI milatI hai

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mahAmeghavAhana mahArAjA sAravela khAravelakA lekha yaha vAta nissandeha rUpase siddha karatA hai ki khAravela svayaM jainadharmAvalambI thaa| vaha jaba sihAsanArUr3ha huvA taba yadyapi kaliMga svatantra thA, tathApi usase thor3e hI samayapUrva usapara bhayaMkara AkramaNa ho cukA thA, jisase usakI prajA barabAda ho cukI thii| prasiddha prasiddha caitya mandira, prAsAda Adi vIrAna ho cuke the, itanA hI nahIM, apitu pracalita dharma aura sAdhusampradAyako bhI bar3A bhArI AghAta pahuMcA thaa| yaha saba isa lekhakI paMktiyoMmeM barAbara surakSita rahA hai| kaliMga para kiye gaye isa sItamakI kahAnI azokakA zilAlekha bhI kaha rahA hai| asaMkhya kaliMgavAsI talavArakI dhAra utare the, ber3iyoMmeM jakar3e gaye the, nagara ujAr3a ho gae the aura dharmadhyAna karanevAle sAdhu parezAna huve the, yaha bAta azokake apane lekhameM bhI hai| yaha anumAna kiyA jAtA hai ki azokakI caDhAIke bAda kaliMgakI jo durdazA ho gaI thI usakA sudhAra khArakhelane kiyaa| usane dezake caitya mandiroM AdikI punaH pratiSThA kI aura kaliMgake manda huve aizvaryako eka bAra punaH jagamagA diyaa| isa zilAlekhameM yaha bhI aMkita hai ki kaliMgameM pahilese hI arthAt bahuta laMbe samayase jainadharmakA pracAra thaa| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki, azokake prabala AkramaNase pracalita jainadharmako bhI bahuta kucha AghAta pahuMcA thaa| mahArAjA khAravelane isa lupta hote huve dharmakA punaruddhAra kiyaa| jinazAsanake sAdhusaMpradAyake liye usane upAzraya banavAe aura jo jIrNa ho gae the unakI marammata kraaii| khAravela kevala dhArmika hI nahIM thaa| vaha zaurya vIryameM bhI kucha

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jinavANa 200 1 kama na thA / tatkAlIna prasiddha rAjA sAtakarNIkI bhI usane bilkula paravAha na kI / deza degameM - dizAoM meM usakI vijayadundubhikA nAda gukha rahA / svargapurakI guphAmeMse jo gilAlekha milA hai vaha to khAravelako cakravarti rAjA batalAtA hai| jisa magadharAjake atyAcArasi samRddha kaliMga smazAnake samAna nisteja ho gayA thA, usI madonmatta magadhake viruddha khAravelane yuddhakA ailAna kiyA / khAravelake pratApase ghabarA - kara magadharAja magadha chor3a kara mathurAkI ora bhAga niklaa| tadanantara khAravelane magadhake gaMgAjalameM apane hAthiyoMko nahalAyA, hAthIkI pyAsa bujhAI / khAravelake gilAlekhameM to yahAM taka likhA hai ki magadharAjane caraNoM meM natamastaka hokara khAravelase kSamA yAcanA kii| kaliMgane magadhakI zatrutAkA usase isa prakAra badalA liyA / khAravela jitanA parAkramI thA utanA hI dharmaparAyaNa thA / vaha sarva vidyAoMmeM pAraMgata thA / prajAhitake liye dAna denemeM usane Age pIche nahIM dekhaa| usane tAlAba khudavAe, purAne gharoMkI marammata karAI, naye ghara banavAe, pAnIkI banda par3I huI naharoMko phirase jArI kiyA, utsava manAne Arambha kiye aura dharmasabhAeM bhI kIM / khAravelakI eka dUsarI vizeSatA yaha hai ki vaha svayaM jainadharmAvalaMbI hote hue bhI usane anya dharmoke prati bhI AdarabhAva prakaTa kiyA / usane brAhmaNoM ko bahuta dAna diyA hai| vArANasI to vedAnuyAyI tathA bauddha logoMkA tIrthasthAna hai, usameM bhI khAravelane bahutase puNyakarma kiye hai | sarva dharmo meM samabhAvanA rakhanA bhAratIya rAjavI saMsthAkI eka vizeSatA hai| mahArAjA khAkhelake lekhameM spaSTatayA prakaTa kiyA gayA

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mahAmeghavAhana mahArAjA khAravela 201 hai ki pAkhaMDI arthAt bhinna bhinna dharmAvalambI bhI satata khArakhelakA guNagAna karate hai| ___ mahArAjA khAravelane hastisiMhake prapautra lalakakI kanyAse vivAha kiyA thaa| mahArAnI bhI mahArAjAke samAna atyanta dharmaparAyaNA thiiN| inhoMne bhI khAravelake samAna, jaina muniyoke liye guphAmandira banavAe the| khAravelake samayake sambandhameM vidvAnoMmeM matabheda hai| magadharAja azokake vAda khAravela huvA hai, yaha to prinsepa Adi sabhI mAnate hai / jUbho DUbeilake matAnusAra I. sa. pU. 170 meM khAravela siMhAsanArUDha huvaa| bhagavAnalAla indrajI kahate hai ki, maurya saMvatake 164 varSa pazcAt khAravelakA yaha zilAlekha khodA gayA hogaa| I. sa. pU. 256meM azokane kaliMga deza para vijaya prApta kI thii| bhagavAnalAlake kathanAnusAra 256-164=92 (I. sa. pU.) khAravelakA samaya hotA hai| uparokta zilAlekhakI 16 vI paMktimeM Ae huve "panatanuzata........ .....rAjA......riyala machinena ca cayapa agisati katiriyam napAdachati" ina zabdoMkA saMskRta anuvAda bhagavAnalAla indrajI isa prakAra karate hai "vicchinneya catuHSaSTiH atra zatakottare"=vicchinnAyAm ya catuHSaSTyAm atra-zatakottarAyAm" arthAt maurya rAjyake 164 varSa vIta ge| I. sa. pUrva 256 varSako ye maurya saMvat mAnate hai| 256-164=92 (I. sa. pUrva ) meM mahArAjA khAravelake rAjatvakA 13vAM varSa mAneM to 92+13=105 (I. sa. pUrva) meM khAravela kaliMgake rAjasiMhAsana para baiThA, aisA kaha sakate hai|

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jinavANI cularakA kahanA hai ki candraguptake abhiSekake samaya maurya saMvat pracalita honA cAhiye / bahuta karake I. sa. pUrva 320 meM candragupta siMhAsanArUr3ha huvA / ata eva vulara sAhaba kI gaNanA ke anusAra 320151 = 169 ( I. sa. pUrva ) meM khAravela rAjagaddI para baiThA hogA / DUilakA bhI yahI mata hai | DokaTara phalITa " panatanuzata... rAjA... riyala machinena ca cayakha agisati kataviyama na pAdachati " ina zabda kA artha isa prakAra karate hai: 202 " maurya rAjAoMke samayase jo luptaprAyaH the, una sAta aMgavAle jaina Agamake 64 adhyAya aura anya paricchedoMkA bhI isane punaruddhAra kiyA / " phaloTakA kathana hai ki ina padoMmiM aisA koI samayanirdeza nahIM hai jaisA ki bhagavAnalAla indrajIne likhA hai / 11 vIM paMktike anuvAdameM bhagavAnalAla kahate haiM ki, 1300 varSase pUrvake rAjA gadabhanagara meM jo kara athavA tanapaDhabhAvana lete the use khAravelane banda kara diyA / phalITa isa anuvAdako ThIka nahIM mAnate / ve usa vAkyakA anuvAda isa prakAra karate hai: " 113 varSase jo zahara khaMDahara ho gayA thA, jisameM kevala pravAsI hI DerA DAlate the usa udraMga nagarakA (athavA pUrvajone pratiSThita kiye huve nagarakA ) usane punaruddhAra kiyA / " vizeSameM DaoNkaTara phalITa yaha bhI kahate haiM ki, isameM khAravelake samayakA kucha dhuMvalA nirdeza milatA hai| I. sa. pUrva 256 meM azokane kaliMga - vijaya kI isa liye usI samaya udaMga nagara khaNDahara ho gayA honA cAhiye / isake 193

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mahAmeghavAhana mahArAjA khAravela 203 varSa pazcAt khAravelane isakA punaruddhAra kiyaa| arthAt 256-1138 143 (i. sa. pUrva) khAravelake rAjyakA 11vAM varSa hogA / isa prakAra I. sa. pUrva 154 meM khAravelane rAjadaMDa dhAraNa kiyA honA caahiye| adhyApaka luDArsa I. sa. pUrva 280 varSa pahile khAravelakA samaya mAnate hai|* (isa AlocanAkA antima bhAga nahIM mila skaa| parantu isa prakArake aitihAsika AdhArose yaha bAta nirvivAda siddha hotI hai ki, I. sa. pUrvakI zatAbdImeM kaliMgameM jainadharmakA khUba pracAra thA aura mahA parAkramazAlI cakravartI mahArAjAone bhI yaha dharma svIkAra kiyA thaa|) * yaha lekha mUla vagalA bhASAmeM likhA jAneke pazcAt zilAlekhake pATha, artha aura anya pramANoMke sambandhameM purAtattvavettAoMne bahuta adhika manomanthana kiyA hai / yaha sava varNana yahAM nahIM diyA gayA / itihAsapremiyoMko "jainasAhitya saMzodhaka " bhora 'anekAta kI purAnI jinheM dekhanekI prArthanA hai| (gujarAtI anuvAdaka zrIsuzIla)

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bhASAnuvAda [khAravelakA zilAlekha vaMgalAbhApAmeM likhA jAneke pazcAt usake pATha aura arthake viSayoM purAtattvavettAoMmeM bahuta adhika carcA huI hai| antameM vidyAvAridhi kAzIprasAda jAyasvAlane ukta lekhake pATha tathA arthoMmeM saMzodhana karake usakI bahutasI aspaSTatAoko spaSTa kara diyA hai| usakA anuvAda zrI paM. sukhalAlajIne 'sAhitya saMzodhaka, meM prakAzita kiyA hai, jise yahAM uddhRta kiyA jAtA hai| (1) arihaMtoko namaskAra, sidvoMko namaskAra, aira (aila) mahArAja, mahAmeghavAhana, (mahendra) cedirAja-vaMzavardhana, prazasta zubha lakSaNavAle, caturantavyApI guNayukta kaliMgAdhipati zrI khAravelane ___ (2) 15 varSa taka zrI kaDAra (gauravarNavAle ) zarIrase vAlyakAla kI krIDAeM kii| tatpazcAt lekhya (sarakArI hukmanAme ), rUpa (TakasAla), gaNanA (sarakArI hisAva kitAva Aya vyaya), vyavahAra (kAnUna) 1. lekhyakA artha (zAsana) kauTilya arthazAstra meM 1, 31 dekhiye| 2. kauTilya a. 1, 33 dekhiye| 3. kauTilya a. 1,28, rUpa, lekhA aura gaNanAke viSayameM sUtra the, yaha vAta mahAvaggakI TIkAse prakaTa hotI hai| mahAvagga 1,46 / jaina sUtra meM likhA hai ki mahAvIrasvAmIkA nAma vardhamAna par3anekA kAraNa yaha thA ki unake janmase hI jAtivaMzakI dhanadhAnyAdise vRddhi hone lagI thii| -

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bhASAnuvAda 205 aura vidhi (dharmazAstroM) meM vizArada hokara, sarvavidyAvadAta (samasta vidyAoMmeM parizuddha) aise [unhoMne ] nau varSa taka yuvarAjako haisiyatase rAjya kiyaa| taba pUre 24 varSakI umarake hokara vi], jo bAlyAvasthAse vardhamAna hai aura jo abhivijayameM vena (rAja) hai, tIsare (3) puruSa yugameM (tIsarI pIr3hImeM ) kaliMgake rAjavaMzameM mahArAjyAbhiSekako prApta huve| abhiSekake pazcAt prathama varSameM, AMdhI (tUphAna) se jisakA daravAz2A TUTa gayA thA usa kilekI marammata karAI / kaliMga nagarI (rAjadhAnI)meM Rpi khivIrake talaiyA-tAlAba aura pAla (ghATa) bnvaae| saba cAgoMkI marammata (4) krvaaii| paiMtIsa lAkha prakRti (prajA)kA raMjana kiyaa| dUsare varSameM sAtakaNi (sAtakarNi)kI tanika bhI paravAha na karake pazcima dizAmeM (car3hAI karaneke liye) ghor3e, hAthI, paidala aura rathoMvAlI bar3I senA mejii| kanhavenAM (kRSNaveNA nadI) para pahuMcI huI senAke dvArA musika (mUpika) nagarako bahuta trAsa diyaa| phira tIsare varSameM (5) gaMdharvavedake paMDita aise ( unhoMne ) daMpa (Dapha?), nRtya, gIta, vAdatrake saMdarzanoM (tamAzoM )se utsava, samAja (nATaka, kustI, Adi) karavAkara nagarIko krIDA kraaii| tathA cauthe varSameM vidyAdharAdhivAsako, jise kaliMgake pUrvavartI rAjAone banavAyA thA aura jo pahile gira nahIM gayA thA / 000000 jisake mukuTa 1. ahatapUrvakA artha 'navIna vastra car3hAkara ' aisA bhI ho sakatA hai| 2. yaha akSara naSTa ho gae haiN|

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206 jinavANI vyartha ho gae hai, jisake kavaca, vakhtara, kATakara do TUka kara diye gae hai, jisake chatra kATakara girA diye gaye haiM, (6) aura jisakA bhaMgAra (rAjakIya cihna sone-cAMdIke loTe zArI,) pheMka diye gaye hai, jisake ratna aura svApateya (dhana) chIna liye gaye haiM, aise saba rASTika bhojakoM (cAraNoM)ko apane pairoM para girAyA / aba pAMcaveM varSa nandarAjake 130 varSa (saMvat )meM khudavAI huI naharako tanasuliya mArgase rAjadhAnImeM le aaye| abhiSekake (chaThe varSa ) rAjasUya yajJa karate huve karakA saba rupayA (7) mApha kara diyA, aura aneka lAkhoM anugraha paura jAnapadako bakSisa kiye / sAtaveM varSameM rAjya karate huve (unakI) gRhiNI vajragharavAlI ghuSitA (prasiddha) mAtRpadako prApta huI (1) [kumAra !] 000000 AThaveM varSameM mahA 000 senA 000 goradhagiri (8) ko tor3akara rAjagRhako ghera liyA / isake kAmoMkI avadAna (vIrakathAoke)ke nAdase yUnAnI rAjA ( yavanarAja) Dimita ....(DemITriyasa)ne apanI senA aura chakar3e ikaTThe karake mathurA chor3a deneke liye pIche paira httaae| 000000 navama varSameM (zrI khAravelane) diye hai 000000 pallavapUrNa 1. anugrahakA yaha artha kauTilyameM hai| 2. isa vAkyakA pATha aura artha sadigdha hai| 3. gharAvara pahAr3a jo gayAke pAsa hai aura jisameM mauryacakravartI azokake vanavAe huve guphA maTha haiM, usakA mahAbhArata aura eka zilAlekhameM gorathagirike nAmase ullekha hai| yaha eka giridurga hai| isakI cahAra dIvArI abhI taka dRDha hai / baDhIvar3I divAloMse dvAra aura darAra canda haiM /

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bhASAnuvAda 207 ( 9 ) kalpavRkSa, ghor3e, hAthI, rathavAnasahita ratha, evaM makAna aura agnikuMDasahita zAlAeM / yaha saba svIkAra karAneke lie brAhmaNa jAtiko AgIreM dIM / arhatake 000000 (10) rAjabhavanarUpa mahA vijaya ( nAmaka ) prAsAda usane ar3atIsa lAkha (paNa) se banavAyA / dazama varSa meM daMDa - saMdhi - sAmapradhAna (unhoMne) bhUmijaya karaneke liye bhAravarSameM prasthAna kiyA 000000 jina para car3hAI kI unake maNiratna prApta kie / (11) 000000000 (gyArahaveM varSa meM ) ( kisI) bure rAjAne banavAyeM huve maMDa (maMDI yA bajAra) ko bar3e gadhoMke halse jutavA diyaa| logoM ko ThaganevAle 113 varSake tamarake dehasaMghAtako tor3a ' diyA / bArahaveM varSa meM 000000000000 se uttarApathake rAjAoM ko bahuta trasta kiyA / (12) 000000 vaha magadha vAsiyoMko bhArI bhaya dikhalAtA huvA hAthiyoMko sugAMgeya (prAsAda) taka le gayA / aura magadharAja bRhaspatimitrako apane pairoM para jhukAyA tathA rAjA nanda dvArA 1. ye soneke hote the / ' caturvargacintAmaNi' dAna kANDa 5 / yaha mahAdAna meM hai / 2. yahoMse lekara anta taka pratyeka paMktimeM lagabhaga 12 akSara paktike Arambhake pattharakI patarIke sAtha ukhar3a gae haiN| 3. mudrArAkSasa nATakoM nanda aura candraguptakA 'sugAga ' mahala pATalIputrameM batalAyA gayA hai| 4. bRhaspatimitrake sikke milate haiM, jo agnimitrake sikkoMse purAne mAne jAte haiM aura ve usI prakArake haiN| nAmaka

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208 jinavANI jAI gaI huI kaliMga jinamUrtiko 000 aura gRharatnoMko lekara pratihAroM dvArA aMga-magadhakA dhana le AyA / (13) 000000000 andarase likhehuve (khude huve ) sundara zikhara bnvaae| sAtha hI sau kArIgaroMko jAgIre dA / adbhuta aura Azcarya ( utpanna ho isa prakAra vaha ) hAthiyoMvAlA jahAja bharAhuA najarAnA haya, hAthI, ratna, mANikya pAMDya rAjAke yahAMse isa samaya aneka motI, maNi, ratna haraNa karA laayaa| yahAM isa zakta ( yogya mahArAjane ) (14) 000000000 sIoMko vazameM kiyA / terahaveM varSameM pavitra kumArI parvata para jahAM (jainadharmakA) vijayacakra supravRtta hai, prakSINasaMsRti (janmamaraNako pArapAye hue ) kAyAnipIdI ( stUpa ) para ( rahanevAle) pApa batAnevAloM (pApajJApakoM ) ke liye vrata pUrA honeke pazcAt milanevAlI rAjabhRtiyAM kAyama kara dI ( zAsana nizcita kara diye ) / pUjAmeM rata upAsaka khAkhelane jIva aura zarIrakI zrIkI parIkSA kara lii| ( jIva aura zarIrako parakha liyA | ) (15) 000000 sukRtizramaNa suvihita zata dizAoMkA jJAnI, tapasvI, RSi saMghI logoMke 000000 arihaMtakI niSIdIke pAsa, pahAr3a para, uttama khAnoMmeMse nikAlakara lAe huve aneka yojanoMse lAe huve 000000 siMhaprasthavAlI rAnI siMdhulAke liye niHzraya 000 (16) 000000 ghaMTayukta (0) vaiDurya ratnavAle cAra khamme 1. yaha nAma khaDagiriM - udayagirikA hai jahAM yaha lekha hai / bhuvanezvara ke nikaTa ye choTe pahAr3a haiM /

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bhASAnuvAda 209 I sthApita kiye pachattara lAkhake (kharca) se / mauryakAlameM ucchedako prApta causaTThI ( causaTha adhyAyavAle ) aMgasaptikakA cauthA bhAga phira taiyAra karAyA / isa kSemarAjane, vRddhirAjane, bhikSurAjane, dharmarAjane kalyANa dekhate, sunate aura anubhava karate hue / (17) 000000000000 hai guNa vizeSa kuzala, samasta paMthoMkA Adara karanevAlA, samasta ( prakArake) maMdiroMkI marammata karAne vAlA, askhalita ratha aura sainyavAle cakra ( rAjya ) kA dhurI (netA), gupta - (rakSita) cakravAlA, pravRtta cakravAlA rAjarSivaMzaviniHsRta rAjA khAravele / ' 1. lekhake Adi antameM eka eka magala cihna canAyA gayA hai| pahilA vaddhamagala hai aura sareke nAmakA abhI patA nahIM calA / 14

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jainoMkA karmavAda (2) karma pudgala svarUpa hai, jIva-padArthakA virodhI hai| jIvake rAgadveSAdi vi-bhAvake kAraNa jIvameM karmakA Azrava hotA hai / athavA jIva karma bAMdhatA hai, aisA bhI kaha sakate haiN| rAgadveSAdi jIvake vi-bhAva, dravya-karmAsravake nimittakAraNa haiN| jIvake vi-bhAva bhAvakarmake nAmase pahicAne jAne para bhI dravyakarmake arthAt pudgala svabhAvavAle karmake upAdAna kAraNa nahIM hai| kyoM ki pudgala hI pudgalakA upAdAna kAraNa ho sakatA hai| pudgala-virodhI jIva-vibhAva, pudgalakA upAdAna kAraNa kisa prakAra ho sakatA hai / jIvake vibhAva, arthAt bhAvakarmakA udaya jIvameM dravyakarmakA Azrava karAtA hai, isI liye jIvake vibhAva dravya-karmAzravameM nimitta kAraNa mAne jAte hai, aura dravyakarma bhI bhAvakarmameM nimittarUpa hai| yaha jaina siddhAnta hai| jIvameM karmakA Asrava honese jIva 'vandha meM par3a jAtA hai / prakRti-sthityanubhAga-pradezAstadviSayaH / (tattvArthasUtra) prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradeza medase bandha bhI cAra prakArakA hai| karmAnusAra hI vandhakA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| karmakI

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jainoMkA karmavAda prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradezakI dRSTise karmabandhakI cAra prakArase vivecanA kI jA sakatI hai| karmakI prakRti karma do prakArake hai : ghAtI aura aghaatii| jo karma jIvake ananta jJAnAdi svAbhAvika guNAMkA bAta karatA hai vaha ghAtI karma kahalAtA hai| yaha ghAtI karma bhI jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura antarAya medase cAra prakArakA hai| vedanIya, Ayu, nAma, aura, gotra ye cAra aghAtI karmake nAmase pahicAne jAte hai| karma ATha prakArake hone para bhI usake avAntara bheda 148 hai| (1) jJAnAvaraNIya karma jIvake pAMca prakArake jJAnako Dhaka letA hai| isake pAMca bheda hai (1) matijJAnAvaraNIya matijJAnako Dhake rahatA hai| (2) zruta-jJAnAvaraNIya zrutajJAna arthAt Agama jJAnako AvRta karatA hai| (3) avadhi-jJAnAvaraNIya avadhi jJAnako Dhake rahatA hai| (4) manaHparyava-jJAnAvaraNIya anyoMke manake bhAva pahi cAnanekI jJAnazaktiko Dhake rahatA hai| (5) kevala-jJAnAvaraNIya kevalajJAna-sarvajJatAko AvRta karatA hai| (2) darzanAvaraNIya karma-jIvake darzana (nirvizeSa sattAmAtra mahAsAmAnyake anubhava)ko DhakatA hai| isake 9 bheda haiM (6) cakSurdarzanAvaraga AMkhake dekhanekI zaktikA avarodha

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zara jinavANI karatA hai / (7) acakSurdarzanAvaraNa AMkhake atirikta anya indriyoMkI darzanazaktiko AvRta karatA hai| (8) avadhidarzanAvaraNa avadhidarzanako AcchAdita karatA hai| (9) kevaladarzanAvaraNa kevaladarzana ko AcchAdita rakhatA hai / pAMca prakArakI nidrAkA darzanAvaraNIya karmameM samAveza hotA hai, yathA (10) nidrA / (11) nidrA nidrA --eka prakArakI gaMbhIra nidrA / (12) pracalA - eka prakArakI tandrA / (13) pracalApracalA eka prakArakI gaMbhIra tandrA / (14) styAnagRddhi -- isa nIMda meM vyakti calatA phiratA hai / pAzcAtya manovijJAnameM isase milatA huvA eka nAma Somnabulism hai / (3) mohanIya karma - yaha karma jIvake samyaktva aura cAritra guNakA ghAta karatA hai | darzanamohanIya aura cAritramohanIya bhedase isake prathamataH do bheda haiM / darzanamohanIya karmake pariNAma svarUpa jIvakA samyakdarzana arthAt tattvArtha viSayaka zraddhA vikRta hotI hai| isake 3 prakAra hai (15) mithyAtvakarma -- atattvameM mithyA padArthameM jIvako zraddhA utpanna ho jAtI hai /

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213 jainoMkA karmavAda (16) samyakmithyAtvakarma-isa karmake udayase jIvako vastumeM samyak evaM mithyArUpa mizrita zraddhA rahatI hai| (17) samyakprakRti (samyaktvamohanIya)-isa guNake udayase jIvake samyaktva mUla guNakA ghAta nahIM hotA, parantu calamalAdi doSa rahate haiN| cAritramohanIya karmake phalasvarUpa jIvakA cAritraguNa vikRta hotA hai / isake bhI nokapAya vedanIya aura kapAya vedanIya, ye do bheda haiN| krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobhako kapAya kahate haiN| ugratA rahita kapAya, nokapAya athavA svalpa kaSAya kahalAte haiN| nokapAya vedanIyake 9 bheda haiM(18) hAsyakapAya-isake udasase jIvakoM hAsyabhAva utpanna hotA hai| (19) ratikapAya-isake udayase jIvakI parapadArthameM Asakti hotI hai| (20) aratikapAya-isake udayase jIvako parapadArthameM virAganArAjI hotI hai| (21) zokakapAya-isake udayase jIvako zoka hotA hai / (22) bhayakapAya-isake udayase jIvako bhaya lAtA hai| (23) jugupsAkaSAya-isake udayase jIvako jugupsA athavA ghRNA unpanna hotI hai| (24) strI-vedakapAya-isake udayase puruSasevanakI lAlasA jAgRta hotI hai|

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214 jinavANI (25) puvedakaSAya-isake udayase sIke sAtha kAmasevana ___ kI icchA hotI hai| (26) napuMsakavedakaSAya-strI puruSa donoMke sAtha kAma sevanakI icchA hotI hai| kaSAyavedanIya karmake 16 bheda hai| krodha athavA kopa, mAna athavA garva, mAyA athavA vaMcanA aura lobha athavA lolupatA, ina cAra kaSAyoMkA ullekha pahile kiyA jA cukA hai| phira, krodhAdike cAra cAra meda honese kaSAyavedanIya karmake kula 16 bheda ho jAte hai--- (27-30) anantAnubandhI krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha kaSAyake udayase jIvake svarUpAnumavarUpasamyagdarzanakA ghAta hotA hai| jIva ananta saMsArameM bhaTakatA hai| (31-34) apratyAkhyAna krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha kaSAyake udayase ekadeza cAritra (aNuvratarUpa cAritra) bhI jIvake liye asaMbhava ho jAya / yaha karma aNuvratakA rodha karatA hai| (35-38) pratyAkhyAna krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha kaSAya AtmAke samasta cAritrakA ghAta karatA hai| yaha mahAvratakA virodhI hai| cAroM kaSAyoMmeMse koI eka kaSAya mahAnatakA avarodha karatA hai| (39-42) saMjvalanakaSAya catuSTaya Atmaki yathAkhyAta cAritrakA ghAta karatA hai| krodhAdi koI bhI

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jainoMkA karmadhAda 215 kavAya yathAkhyAta samyakcAritrakA ghAta karatA hai| ___ isakA varNana karate huve jainAcArya kahate hai ki, anantAnubaMdhI krodha, pattharavAlI bhUmimeM hala calAnese par3I huI aura dIrghakAla taka rahanevAlI rekhAke samAna, dIrghakAla sthAyI aura aparivartanIya rahatA hai| miTTIvAlI bhUmimeM hala calAnese par3I huI rekhAke samAna apratyAkhyAna krodha kaSAya hotA hai| retImeM hala calAnese jaisI lakIra par3atI hai usake samAna pratyAkhyAna krodha kapAya samajhanA cAhiye / aura pAnImeM halakI jaisI rekhA khiMcatI hai vaisA saMcalana krodha samajhanA caahiye| anantAnuvandhI mAna parvatake samAna acala rahatA hai| apratyAkhyAna mAna kaSAya anantAnubandhIse kucha narama hotA hai / isakI tulanA hADapiMjarase kara sakate hai| pratyAkhyAna mAna aura bhI adhika narama hotA hai; lakar3Ike samAna jhuka jAtA hai| saMcalana mAna kaSAya vetake jaisA hotA hai| anantAnubaMdhI mAyA vAMsakI jar3oMke samAna kuTila, apratyAkhyAna mAyA bhaisake sIMgake samAna vakra, pratyAkhyAna mAyA gomUtrakI dhArAke samAna aura saMjvalana mAyA khurake' cihna jaisI kuTila hotI hai| __ anantAnubandhI lobha khUnake dAgake ( kRmiraMgake ) samAna, AsAnIse na chUTanevAlA; apratyAkhyAna lobha gAr3Ike paimeM lage hue oMganake jaisA pratyAkhyAna loma zarIrameM lagI huI kIcaDake samAna aura saMJcalana lobha haldIke lepake samAna AsAnIse dhulanevAlA hotA hai| / / (4) antarAya karma jIvakI dAnAdika svAbhAvika zaktiko 1. avalekhanI-bAMsako chAlake samAna vakra hotI haiN| (tattvArya)

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216 jinavANI roke rahatA hai| isake 5 bheda hai - (43) dAnAntarAya dAna (tyAga) karanekI icchAkA ghAta karatA hai| (44) lAbhAntarAya lAbhameM bAdhA pahuMcAtA hai| (15) bhogAntarAya bhogya vastukA bhoga na karane de| jIva viSaya-bhogakA prayatna karatA hai, parantu isa karmake udayase bhogamArga kaMTakamaya bana jAtA hai| jisa viSayakA eka hI vAra bhoga ho sakatA hai use bhoga kahate hai, yathA AhAra, jala, mukhavAsa Adi / (46) upabhogAntarAya upabhogya vastuke upabhogameM vighna DAlatA hai| jisa vastukA aneka bAra upabhoga ho sakatA hai use upabhogya kahate haiM, yathA vastra,vAhana, Asana adi| (47) vIryAntarAya jIvake vIrya, sAmarthya athavA zaktiko vikasita nahIM hone detaa| ghAtI karmake ye 47 bheda huve / ghAtI karma jIvake svAbhAvika jJAna, darzana, zraddhA, cAritra, vIrya Adi guNoMko Dhake rahatA hai| aghAtI karma jIvake svAbhAvika guNoMkA lopa nahIM karatA / aghAtI karma kevala zarIrase sambandha rakhatA hai| vedanIya, gotra, Ayu aura nAma ye cAroM aghAtI karma hai| (5) vedanIya karma sukha, duHkhakI kAraNabhUta sAmagrI utpanna karatA hai| isake do bheda haiM: (48) zAtAvedanIya sukhasAdhanoMkI prAptimeM sahAyaka hotA hai|

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jainoMkA karmavAda 217 (49) agAtAvedanIya duHkhake sAdhanoM kI utpattimeM kAraNabhUta hotA hai / (6) gotrakarma kisa prakArake caMgameM janma ho, isakA AdhAra gotrakarma hai| isake bhI do bheda hai (50) ucca gotra - isake pratApase jIva ucca gotrameM janma letA hai| (51) nIca gotra - isa karmake balase jIva nIca kulameM janma letA hai / (7) AyuSakarma - yaha karma jIvako Ayu nirdhArita karatA hai / nArakI, tiryaMca, deva yA manuSyakA bhava prApta karanA isa karmake Azrita hai| isake cAra bheda haiM: (52) devAyuSa - isake udayase jIvako devatAkA AyuSakAla prApta hotA hai / (53) nArakAyuSa isake udayase jIva narakavAsI kI Ayu prApta karatA hai| (54) manuSyAyuSa - isa karmake pratApase jIvako manuSyakI Ayu milatI hai| (55) tiryagAyuSa - isa karmake kAraNa jIva niryaMca jAtikI Ayu pAtA hai| ( 8 ) nAmakarma - yaha karma jIvakI gati, jAti garIrAdimeM kAraNabhUta hotA hai| gati, jAti, zarIrAdike bhedase nAmakarmake kula 93 bheda hote haiM :

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218 jinavANI prathama gatikarma-isase jIvakI saMsAragati nizcita hotI hai| gatike 4 prakAra haiM(56) narakagati-isake udayase jAva nArakI zarIra dhAraNa karatA hai| (57) tiryaMca gati-isake udayase jIvako pazu pakSI Adi tithaMca gati milatI hai| (58) manuSyagati-isake udayase jIva manuSya-zarIra prApta karatA hai| (59) devagati-isake udayase jIvako devazarIra milatA hai| dvitIya jAtikarma-yaha jIvakI jAti nirdhArita karatA hai| jAtike pAMca bheda hai| (60) ekendriya jAti--ekendriya jAtikarmake udayase jIva ekamAtra sparzanendriya prApta karatA hai| (61) dvi-indriya jAti-isake udayase jIva sparza aura rasanA ye do indriyAM prApta karatA hai| (62) tIna-indriya jAti---isake udayase jIva sparza, rasanA aura ghANa ye tIna indriyAM prApta karatA hai| (63) caturindriya jAti-isa karmake udayase jIva sparza, rasanA, ghANa aura cakSu ye cAra indriyAM prApta karatA hai| (64) paMcendriya jAta-isake udayase jIvako pAMca indriyAM prApta hotI haiN|

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219 jainAMkA karmavAda tIsarA 'zarIrakarma-isase jIvakA zarIra nirdiSTa hotA hai| zarIrake pAMca prakAra hai, isa liye garIrakarma bhI pAMca prakArako hotA hai| (65) audArika zarIra-isake udayase jIvako manuSya aura tiryaMcakA sthUla zarIra milatA hai| (66) vaikriyaka zarIra-jise choTA yA vaDA kiyA jA sake use vaikriyaka garIra kahate haiN| isa karmake udayase jIva deva tathA nArakIkA vaikriyaka zarIra prApta karatA hai| (67) AhAraka zarIra-chaThe guNasthAnavAle muniko yadi tattvArtha sambandhI koI zaMkA utpanna ho to zaMkAkA samAdhAna karaneke liye vaha, kevalajJAnI yA zrutakevalIke pAsa bhejaneke liye, isa karmake udayase, mastakameMse eka hAtha pramANavAlA zarIra utpanna kara sakatA hai| zaMkA samAdhAna hone para yaha zarIra punaH sthUla zarIrameM samA jAtA hai| (68) taijasa zarIra-isa karmake udayase audArika aura 1 AhAraka-zarIra-nAmakarma -zvetAmvara siddhAntAnusAra caudaha pUrvadhara muniko tattvArya savandhI koI zakA utpanna ho yA tIrthakarake darzanakI icchA ho to vaha zakAsamAdhAnake liye yA darzanake liye, mahAvideha kSetra meM sthita tIrthakarake pAsa mejaneke liye isa karmake udayase, eka hAtha pramANa zarIra banAtA hai| kArya pUrNa hone para vaha karpUrake samAna vilIna ho jAtA hai| 2 tejasa-zarIra-nAmakarma-isa karmake udayase AhAra pAcana ho aura tejolezyA chor3anemeM sahAyaka ho aisA zarIra hotA hai|

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.220 jinavANI vaikriyaka zarIrako kAnti denevAlA zarIra prApta hotA hai| (69) kArmaNa zarIra-isake udayase karmapudgalaghaTita karma zarIra utpanna hotA hai| caturtha aMgopAMgakarma-isase jIva-zarIrake aMgopAMgakI yojanA hotI hai| tIna prakArake garIrake aMgopAMgakarma bhI tIna prakArake hote haiM:(70) audArika-isake udayase audArika zarIrake aMgo pAMga hote haiN| (71) vaikriyaka-isake udayase vaikriyaka zarIrake aMgopAMga vanate hai| (72) AhAraka-isake udayase AhAraka zarIrake aMgopAMga __ banate haiN| (73) paMcama nirmANakarma-isa karmase zarIrake aMga aura upAMga yathAsthAna yathA parimANa vyavasthita hote hai| chaThA bandhanakarma zarIrake audArika paramANuoM (choTese choTe aMgo) ko eka dUsareke sAtha yathocita rUpase saMyukta karatA hai| zarIra pAMca prakArakA hai, isa liye vandhanakarma bhI pAMca prakArake hote hai| (74) audArika bndhnkrm| (75) vaikriyaka bndhnkrm| (76) AhAraka vndhnkrm| (77) taijasa bndhnkrm| (78) kAmaNa vandhanakarma /

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jainoMkA karmavAda 221 saptama saMghAtakarma - isake kAraNa zarIrakA choTese choTA bhAga samAna saMghAtakarma bhI pAMca bhI paraspara sambaddha rahatA hai| zarIrake prakArakA hai - - (79) audArika saMghAtakarma / (80) vaikriyaka saMghAtakarma / (81) AhAraka saMghAtakarma / | (82) taijasa saMghAtakarma (83 ) kArmaNa saMghAtakarma / aSTama saMsthAnakarma -- isase zarIrako AkRtikI yojanA hotI. hai / yaha karma chaH prakArakA hotA hai (84) samacaturastrasaMsthAna * -- isa karmase zarIra suDaula - sugaThita hotA hai / * samacaturasra saMsthAna nAmakarma -- ( zvetAmbara matAnusAra ) zarIrake AkArameM saMsthAna nAmakarma kAraNa hai| zarIrake samagra avayavoMke lakSaNayukta suDaula honemeM yaha karma kAraNa hai / nyagrodhaparimaMDala saMsthAna - isa karmase vaTavRkSake samAna nAbhike UparakA bhAga lakSaNoMse yukta suDaula hotA hai aura nAbhike nIcekA bhAga lakSaNa- hIna hotA hai / sAdi saMsthAna - isa karmase zAlmalI vRkSake samAna nAbhise nIcekA bhAga suDaula aura UparakA bhAga lakSaNa rahita hotA hai / kubja saMsthAna -- isa karmase mastaka, gardana, hAtha, para suDaula hote haiM; anya avayava aise nahIM hote / dhAmana saMsthAna---isa karmase mastakAdi uparokta avayava lakSaNa - hIna aura zeSa avayava suDaula hote haiM /

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222 / jinavANI (85), nyagrovaparimaMDala saMsthAna-isa karmake kAraNa nyagrodha (vaTa), vRkSa jaisA zarIra banatA hai| arthAt zarIrakA nIcekA bhAga choTA-kubaDA aura UparakA bhAga baDA tathA suDaula hotA hai| (86) svAtika saMsthAna isase nyagrodhaparimaNDalakI apekSA anya hI prakArakI AkRti hotI hai| (87) kubjaka saMsthAna-isake udayase kUbavAlA zarIra milatA hai| (88), vAmana saMsthAna-isake udayase choTA (ThiMganA) zarIra milatA hai| (89), huNDaka saMsthAna-isake udayase zarIrake aMgopAMga choTe vaDe hote hai, paraspara mela nahIM khAte aura zarIrakA AkAra kurUpa banatA hai| navama saMhananakarma-isakA sabandhaH asthipaMjarakI racanAse hai| yaha karma chaH prakArakA hai| vartamAna samayameM antima tIna prakAra hI dekhe jAte hai (90) vajaruSabhanArAca saMhanana' -isake udayase zarIrakI huMDa saMsthAna-isase zarIrakA pratyeka avayava lakSaNahIna hotA hai| 1 vajraRSabhanArAca saMghayaNa (sahanana)-asthisaghaTanameM saghayaNa nAmakarma kAraNa hai| jaise do padArthoMkA majabUta vadhana ho, usake Upara paTTI ho aura usa para kIla lagI ho, to isase vaha vandhana jisa prakAra majabUta hotA hai, usI prakArakA majabUta asthikA bandhana (saMghaTana) isa karmase dRDha hotA hai|

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223 jainoMkA karmavAda nADI, granthi aura asthi vajra jaisI kaThina hotI hai| (91) vajranArAca saMhanana-isake udayase kevala grandhi aura asthi vajra sadRza kaThina hotI hai| (92) nArAca saMhanana--isake udayase vajanpabhanArAcakI apekSA durvala prakArakA saMdhAna ityAdi hotA hai| (93) ardhanArAca saMhanana--isake udayase nArAcakI apekSA durbala prakArakA sandhAna ityAdi hotA hai| (94) kIlaka saMhanana-isake udayase asthiyAM granthivAlI banatI haiN| (95) asaMprAptAsapATikA-isake udayase zirAsaMyukta asthi banI rahatI hai| RpabhanArAca saMghayaNa-paTTIke binA jaisA vandhana hotA hai vaisA nhI asthikA vandha (saMghaTana ) isa karmase hotA hai| nArAca saMghayaNa-paTTI aura kIla rahita bandhanake samAna asthiyoMkA saghaTana isa karnase hotA hai| ardhanArAca saMghayaNa-jisa prakAra do padArthoM meM eka ora gAr3ha bandhana ho aura dUsarI ora zithila ho, asthikA usI prakArakA saMghaTana isa karmase hotA hai| kIlikA saMghayaNa-jisa prakAra do padArthoM meM donoM ora zithila bandhana ho parantu kIlake samAna koI vastu lagI ho, usI prakArakA asthisaMghaTana honemeM yaha karma kAraNarUpa hai| sevAta saMghayaNa-asthiyoMkA vilkula ziyila saghaTana honemeM yaha karma karaNarUpa hotA hai| Ajakala yahI saMghayaNa dekhA jAtA hai|

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224 jinavANI dazama sparzakarma-isase zarIrakI sparza-zakti banatI hai| 'spazakarma ATha prakArakA hotA hai (96) jisake udayase uSNa sparzavAlA zarIra banatA hai| (97) jisake udayase zIta sparzavAlA zarIra banatA hai| (98) jisake udayase snigdha sparzavAlA zarIra banatA hai| (99) jisake udayase rUkSa sparzavAlA zarIra banatA hai| (100) jisake udayase mRdu sparzavAlA zarIra banatA hai| (101) jisake udayase karkaza sparzavAlA zarIra banatA hai| (102) jisake udayase laghu sparzavAlA zarIra banatA hai (103) jisake udazase guru sparzavAlA zarIra banatA hai| gyArahavAM rasakarma-isake kAraNa vividha rasayukta zarIra banatA hai| rasakarma pAMca prakArakA hai(104) tikta rasakarma-jisake udayase zarIrameM tikta rasa utpanna hotA hai| (105) kaTu rasakarma-jisake udayase zarIrameM kaTu rasako ___ utpatti hotI hai| (106) kaSAya rasakarma-jisake udayase zarIrameM kaSAya rasako utpatti hotI hai| (107) amla rasakarma-jisake udayase zarIrameM amla rasa utpanna hotA hai| (108) madhura rasakarma-jisake udayase zarIrameM madhura rasa utpanna hotA hai|

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jainoMkA karmavAda 225 bArahavAM gaMdhakarma-isase zarIrameM gaMva utpanna hotI hai| gaMdhakarmake do bheda hai (109) sugandharma-isake udayase zarIra sugaMdhavAlA rahatA hai| (110) durgandhakarma-isake udayase zarIra durgandhavAlA rahatA hai| terahavAM varNakarma-isake udayase zarIrakA varNa nirdhArita hotA hai| varNakarma pAMca prakArakA hai:(111) zuklavarNa-karma-jisake udayase garIra zuklavarNa hotA hai| (112) kRSNavarNa-karma-jisake udayase garIra zyAmavarNa hotA hai| (113) nIlavarNa-karma-jisake udayase zarIra nIlavarNahotA hai| (114) raktavarNa-karma-isake udayase zarIrakA varNa lAla hotA hai| (115) pItavarNa-karma-isake udayase zarIra pIta varNavAlA ' ' hotA hai| ' caudahavAM AnupUrvI karma-eka bhava yA eka gatimeMse bhavAntara yA gatyantarake samaya (vigrahagati kAlameM) isa AnupUrvI karmake anusAra jIva jisa dehako chor3atA hai usI pUrva dehake AkArako grahaNa karatA hai| (116) devagatyAnupUrvI krm|| 1. AnupUrvI nAmakarma-isa karmase bhavAntarameM jAte huve AkAzapradezakI zreNIkA anusaraNa karake gati hotI hai| 15

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226 jinavANI (117) narakagatyAnupUrvI karma / ' (118) tiryaggatyAnupUrvI krm| (119) mAnuSagatyAnupUrvI karma / (120) pandarahavAM agurulaghu karma-isa karmake kAraNa jIvakA zarIra itanA adhika bhArI bhI nahIM hotA ki jisase vaha calane phirane yogya na rahe aura itanA adhika halkA bhI nahIM hotA ki jisase vaha asthira rhe| (121) solahavAM upadhAta karma-isake kAraNa jIvake zarIrameM aise aMga utpanna hote hai ki jinase usakA apanA hI ghAta hotA hai| yathA mRgazarIrake lambe aura khUba bhArI sIMga ityAdi / (122) satarahavAM parAghAta karma-isa karmake kAraNa jIva aise aMga pratyaMga prApta karatA hai ki jinase vaha dUsaroM para AkramaNa kara sakatA hai| (123) aThArahavAMAtApa karma-isase jIvako aisA ujjvala zarIra prApta hotA hai ki dUsare use dekhate hI caudhayA jAte haiN| yathA sUryalokameM aise hI zarIradhArI jIva rahate haiN| 1. parAghAta nAmakarma-isa karmase mahAna tejasvI AtmA apane darzanamAnase aura vANIke atizayase mahArAjAoMkI sabhAke sabhyoMko bhI cakita kara detA hai, apane pratispardhIkI pratibhAko kuThita kara detA hai| 2. AtApa nAmakarma-isa karmase prANiyoMkA zarIra zItala hone para bhI uSNa prakAzarUpa tApa utpanna karanekI zaktivAlA hotA hai| yaha karma sUryavimvameM sthita ekendriya jIvoMkA hI hotA hai|

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jainoMkA karmavAda 227 (124) unnIsavAM udyotakarma -- isake kAraNa jIvako aisA ujjvala zarIra prApta hotA hai ki jo samujjvala hone para bhI dUsaroMko zItaprakAzarUpa hI mAlUma hotA hai / udAharaNArtha candralokameM aise hI zarIradhArI jIva rahate hai / (125) bIsavAM ucchvAsakarma - yaha karma jIvakI niHzvAsaprazvAsa- kriyAkA niyamana karatA hai / ikkIsavAM vihAyogatikarma - yaha karma jIvako AkAzameM ur3anekI gati detA hai / isake do prakAra haiM: (126) zubha vihAyogati --- isase sundara gati hotI hai / (127) azubha vihAyogati -- isase veDhaba gati hotI hai / (128) bAisavAM pratyeka zarIrakarma - isa karmake kAraNa jo zarIra milatA hai use kevala eka hI jIva bhogatA hai / (129) teisavAM sAdhAraNa zarIrakarma - isa karmake kAraNa jo zarIra prApta hotA hai usameM eka sAtha kaI jIva raha sakate haiM / (130) caubIsavAM trasakarma - isa karmase do indrI, tIna iMdrI, cAra iMdrI aura pAMca indriyoMvAlA zarIra prApta hotA hai / (131) pacIsavAM sthAvarakarma -- isake kAraNa ekendriya zarIra prApta hotA hai / 1. udyona nAmakarma -- isa karma se jIvoMkA zarIra zItaprakAzarUpa udyota karatA hai / 2. - vihAyogati nAmakarma - isa karmase hasa aura hAthIke samAna sundara tathA kAka eva gardabhake samAna' azubha gati ( cAla ) prApta hotI hai /

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jinavANI 228 ( 132) channIsavAM subhaga karma -- isake kAraNa sarva priya, sarvake snehake yogya zarIra prApta hotA hai / (133) sattAisavAM dubhaMga karma - subhagakarmake viparIta | (134) aTThAisavAM susvaradharma -- isase sundara svara prApta hotA hai / (135) unattIsavAM duHsvarakarma -- susvara ke viparIta / (136) tIsavAM zubha karma - isase sundara deha milatI hai / (137) ikatIsavAM azubha karma -- zubha karmake viparIta / (138) battIsavAM sUkSmakarma - sUkSma avAdhya zarIra milatA hai| (139) tetIsavAM bAdarakarma - sthUla deha utpanna hotI hai / (140) cautIsavAM paryAptikarma jIva jisa dehako prApta kare vaha usake liye upayogI paryApti prApta kare / jainAcAyAMne cha'paryApti mAnI hai--- ( 1 ) AhAraparyApi, (2) zarIraparyAmi, ( 3 ) indriyaparyApti, (4) prANApAnaparyAti, (5) bhASAparyApti aura ( 6 ) mana paryAti / pahilI zarIra - popaNa ke liye AhAra-dravya grahaNa karanemeM upayogI hai / dUsarI zarIrakA poSaNa krnemeN| tIsarI indriyAdikA poSaNa karanemeM / cauthI zvAsocchvAsameM, pAMcavI bolnemeM aura chaThI saMkalpAdimeM upayogI hai| ekendriya jIva prathama cAra prakArakI paryAptike adhikArI ho sakate hai / do indrI, tIna indrI, cAra indrI aura - manarahita - amanaska 5 indriyoMvAle jIva pahilI 5 paryAtike adhikArI Ritapiocad 1. saubhAgya nAmakarma - isa karmase sarvajanapriyatA prApta hotI hai / 2. durbhAgya nAmakarma - isa karmase sarvajana apriyatA prApta hotI hai| -

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jainoMkA karmavAda 229 hote hai| saMjJI-manavAlA paMcendriya prANI chaoM chaH paryAptikA adhikArI hotA hai| (141) paitIsavAM aparyAptikarma-isa karmake kAraNa [svayogya ] paryApti mile vinA hI dehI mRtyuke mukhameM calA jAtA hai| (142) chattIsavAM sthira karma-isake kAraNa garIrakI dhAtu, upadhAtueM niyamita rahatI hai / jaina maMtavyake anusAra dhAtu sAta haiM : rasa, rakta, mAMsa, meda, asthi, majA aura zukra / upadhAtueM bhI itanI hI hai : vAta, pitta, kapha, zirA, snAyu, tvacA aura udarAgni / (143) saitIsavAM asthira karma-sthira karmase viparIta kArya karatA hai| (144) ar3atIsavAM Adeyakarma ---dehameM ujjvalatA lAtA hai| (145) unatAlIsavAM anAdeyakarma--Adeyase viparIta / (146) cAlIsavAM yazAkItikarma-aisA zarIra utpanna karatA hai ki jisase yA aura kIrti mile| (147) ikatAlIsavAM ayazaH kIrtikarma--yazaHkIrti karmase ulttaa| 1 sthira nAmakarma-isa kasase haDDiye, dAta Adi sthira rahate haiN| __(mu. zrI. darzanavijayajI) 2 asthira nAmakarma-isa karmase jIbha kAna Adi asthira rahate haiN| (mu. zrI. darganavijayajI) 3 AdeyanAmakarma-isa karmase lokamAnyatA prApta hotI hai| 4 anAdeyanAmakarma-isa karmase lokamAnya nahIM vanA jA sktaa| 5 yaza kIrti-isakase sava ora yaza aura kIrti phailatI hai| 6 ayazAkIrti-isa karmase apayaza aura apakIrti hotI hai|

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230 jinavANI (148) bayAlIsavAM tIrthaMkarakarma-isase tIrthakaratva prApta hotA hai| - karmake do bheda : ghAtI aura aghaatii| ghAtI karmameM jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura antarAya, ina cArakA samAveza hotA hai| matijJAnAvaraNIya Adi avAntara medokI gaNanA karanese 47 bheda, hote hai| aghAtIke bhI cAra bheda hai : vedanIya, nAma, gotra aura AyuSa / sAtAvedanIya Adi bhedoMke hisAbase aghAtI karmake 101 bheda hai| sArAMzataH karmaka prakAra, prakRti athavA bheda saba milakara 148 prakAra ho jAte hai| karmakI sthiti __ jIva padArthako lage huve karmake kSaya honekA nAma nirjarA hai| nirjarAke avipAka aura savipAka nAmaka do bheda haiN| karmapudgalake phala deneke liye taiyAra honese pUrva hI kaThora tapazcaryAdise usakA kSaya kara denekA nAma avipAka nirjarA hai| yadi tapazcaryAdikI sahAyatAse isa karmako kSINa na kara diyA jAya to vaha jIvake sAtha milakara, vividha phaloMkA bhoga karAtA hai aura usakI nizcita muddata pUrI hone para jIvakA tyAga kara detA hai| isakA nAma savipAka nirjarA hai| jisa saMsArI jIvako avipAka nirjarA nahIM, kintu savipAka nirjarA bhugatanI par3atI hai usake sAtha kaunasA karma kitane samaya rahatA hai, isakA mApa bhI jaina zAstroMne nikAlA hai| AcArya ise " sthitibandha" arthAt karmakA sthitikAla kahate hai| sthiti do prakArakI hai(1) parA sthiti (Maximum duration ) aura (2) apraasthiti|

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jainoMkA karmavAda ATha prakArake karmoMkA parAsthitikAla aura aparAsthitikAla jainAgamake anusAra nIce uddhRta kiyA jAtA hai: jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, vedanIya aura antarAya karmakI parA sthiti-utkRSTa sthiti (triMzat) tIsa koTAkoTI sAgaropama hai| mohanIya karmakI parA sthiti (saptati) 70 koTAkoTI sAgaropama hai| nAma tathA gotra karmakI parA sthiti (viMzati )20 koTAkoTI sAgaropama hai| AyuSakarmakI parA sthiti (tayastriMzata) 33 sAgaropama hai| eka yojana vyAsa ( Diameter) vAlA aura eka yojana gaharA kuMvA khodA jAya / usakA gherA lAbhaga 3,yojana hogaa| isa kuMvemeM utkRSTa bhUmimeM utpanna, sAta dinake bher3ake vAloMke choTese choTe aMza TraMsa DhUMsa kara bhare ho, aura sau sau barasa bAda usa kuMvese eka eka bAla nikAlA jAya, aura isa prakAra eka eka bAla nikAlanese jitane samayameM kuMvA khAlI hogA vaha eka 'vyavahArapalya' khlaaygaa| aisA anumAna lagAyA gayA hai ki 41305263030820317774951219200000000000000000000 varSakA eka vyavahArapalya hotA hai| asaMkhya vyavahArapalyakA eka 'uddhArapalya' aura asaMkhya uddhArapalyakA eka 'addhApalya' hotA hai| 10 koTAkoTI addhApalyakA eka sAgaropama hotA hai| yaha utkRSTa sthitikA varNana huvaa| aba aparA arthAt jaghanya sthiti lIjiye

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232 jinavANI hai vedanIya karmakI aparA sthiti 12 muhUrta nAma aura gotra karmakI aparA sthiti 8 muharta hai| zeSa karmAkI aparA sthiti 1 antarmuharta hai| eka AkAza pradegameMse pAsavAle hI dUsare AkAza pradezameM manda gatise jAnemeM eka paramANuko jitanA samaya lagatA hai usakA nAma samaya hai| asaMkhya samayakI eka AvalI arthAt nimepakAla hotA hai| antarmuhUrtake do prakAra hai-- eka jaghanya aura dUsarA utkRSTa / eka AvalI -eka samaya = eka "jaghanya antrmuhurt"| 1 muhUrtakI 48 miniTa hotI hai| 1 muhUrta-1 samaya =(eka samaya kama karanese) eka " utkRSTa antarmuharta " jaina zAlameM muhUrta tathA antargatakA do arthomeM varNana hai| karmakA anubhAga karmake Asravase jIvako bandha hotA hai| phalakI tIvratA yA mandatAke hisAvase karmavandha bhI tItra aura manda ginA jA sakatA hai| karmake anubhAga-vandha-ke sAtha phalakI tIvratA aura mandatAkA atyanta nikaTa sambandha hai| anubhAga-bandhakA artha phala denekI zakti bhI ho sakatA hai| anubhAga-vandhako kabhI kabhI anubhava [rasa] bhI kahA jAtA hai| ".9 samayase adhika kAla jaghanya antarmuhUrta, aura 48 miniTase eka samaya kapa jitanA phAla utkRSTa antarmuhUrta samajhanA / aura pUrI 48 miniTakA eka muhUrta hotA hai| (mu. zrI.darzanavijayajI)

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jainoMkA-karmavAda 233 karmakA pradezavandha AkAzakA jo choTese choTA aMza eka paramANuse vyAta rahatA hai use pradeza kahate hai / jainAcArya kahate hai ki lokAkAzake aise eka pradezameM eka sAtha eka pudgala paramANu, eka dharmadravyA pradeza, eka adharma dravyakA pradeza, kAlakA eka choTese choTA aNu aura jIva pradeza raha sakatA hai| karma-pudgala aura jIva-dravya isa prakAra saMmizrita rahate hai| anAdi kAlase jIva baddhakarga hai / yaha jinasidvAnta hai| spaSTa zabdoMmeM kaheM to karmapudgala jIvadravyake sAtha jIvake hara eka pradezameM saMmizrita hokara use (jIvako) baddha avasthAmeM rakhatA hai, jIvake vizuddha jJAnadarzanAdi nirmala guNoko Dhaka detA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jIva anAdi kAlase duHkha-mohamaya isa saMsArameM paribhramaNa karatA hai| isakA nAma pradezabandha hai cAra prakArake bandha honese, karmake bhI cAra prakAra kahe gaye hai| ava ATha prakArake karmake Azrava-kAraNa aura karmake vipAkake bAremeM vicAra karanA cAhiye-- karmake Azrava-kAraNa Upara kahA gayA hai ki, jIvake vibhAvake kAraNa jIvame karmakA Asava hotA hai-karmakA Agamana hotA hai| (karmake Azravake pazcAt jo Azravita karma jIva-pradezake eka kSetrameM avagAhanA karatA hai-ekatra rUpeNa rahatA hai use bandha athavA karmabandha kahA jAtA hai|) kisa prakArake vibhAvase jIvameM kisa prakArakA Azrava hotA hai, yaha bAta yahAM saMkSepameM kaha detA hUM

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jinavANI ___ jaina dArzanika kahate hai ki pradoSa, nihnava, mAtsarya, antarAya, AsAdanA (AzAtanA) aura upaghAta, ye jJAnAvaraNIya aura darzanAvarNIya karmake AzrayameM kAragabhUta hai| zaMkA-samAdhAnake pazcAt bhI zAstrameM azraddhA rahanekA nAma pradoSa hai| jJAnake gopanako niva kahate hai / hiMsA, dveSa yA IrSyA kAraNa jJAna denemeM saMkoca karanA mAtsarya kahalAtA hai| jJAnonnatike mArgameM vighna DAlanekA nAma antarAya hai| kAryase yA vAkyase anya-pradarzita sanmArgakA apalApa karanA AsAdanA hai| satyako satyarUpa jAnate huve bhI atattvarUpase usakI sthApanA karanA upadhAta kahalAtA hai| jo jIva ukta pradoSAdi doSoMse dUSita hotA hai unake viSayameM jainAcArya kahate hai ki usa jIvameM jJAnAvaraNIya aura darzanAvaraNIya karmakA Azrava hotA hai| pariNAmataH usa jIvake jJAna aura darzana Dhake huve rahate hai| isI prakAra duHkha, zoka, Akranda, vadha, tApa aura parivedanA ye pUrvokta asAtAvedanIya karmake AzravameM nimittakAraNa hai / duHkhakA artha kaSTa, zokakA artha priyaviyogakA kleza, aura anuzocanA yA anutApakA artha saMtApa hai| AMkhase AMsU nikAlaneko Akranda kahate hai| prANahisAkA nAma vadha hai| jisase dUsareke hRdayameM dayA utpanna ho jAya aisA Akranda karanA yA zoka prakaTa karanA parivedanA hai| duHkhAdi chaH prakArake vibhAvakA anubhAvaka apanemeM jaisA anubhava karatA hai vaisA hI anyoko bhI anubhava karAve athavA svayaM bhI anubhava kare aura anyoMko bhI anubhava kraave| isa prakAra duHkhAdi 6 vibhAva aThAraha bhedome pariNamita hote hai / jainAcArya kahate hai ki ina 18 prakArake vibhAvake kAraNa asAtAvedanIya karmakA

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jainoMkA karmavAda 235 Azrava hotA hai / bhUtAnukaMpA, vratAnukaMpA, dAna, sarAgasaMyama, saMyasAsaMyama, akAmanirjarA, bAlatapa, yoga, kSAnti aura gauca, ye dasa sAtAvedanIya karmake Azraya-kAraNa hai; jo sukhapUrva vedA jA sake aise karmakA isase Azrava hotA hai| sarva prANiyoMke prati karuNA honekA nAma bhUtAnukaMpA hai| vratadhArI sAdhuoMke prati anukaMpA honA vratAnukaMpA hai| rAgamizrita saMyamakA nAma sarAgasaMyama hai| vratakA pAlana karate huve jo kucha kaSAyoMkA niyamana hotA hai vaha saMyamAsaMyama hai| avicalita rUpase karmake nirdiSTa phaloMko bhoga lenekA nAma akAmanirjarA hai| samyagajAnake sAtha jisakA jarA bhI sambandha na ho vaha bAlatapa kahalAtA hai| cittavRttike 'nirodhako yoga kahate haiM / aparAdhIko kSamA karanA kSAnti hai| pavitratAzucitAkA nAma zauca hai| avarNavAda darzanamohanIyakA Azrava-kAraNa hai| sarvajJa bhagavAnakI, vizuddha AgamakI, saMghakI, satya dharmakI, aura devakI niMdAko avarNavAda kahate hai| isa avarNavAdase jIvameM darzanamohanIya karma praviSTa hotA hai| ___ kaSAya aura no-kapAyakI prakRti tathA bheda Upara kahe jA cuke hai / jainAcArya kahate hai ki, kaSAya aura no-kaSAyake udayase jIvameM jo tItra vibhAva utpanna hotA hai usase jIva cAritramohanIya karma bAMdhatA hai / vahuta adhika AraMbha aura vahuta adhika parigrahake kAraNa jIva narakakI Ayu vAMdhatA hai- narakAyu karmakA Azrava hotA hai| sAMsArika vyApAroMmeM lipta rahaneko Arambha aura viSayatRSNAke kAraNa viSayoMke bhogako parigraha kahate hai| ina viSayomeM tallIna hokara jo jIva ahiMsAdiko bhUla jAtA hai vaha narakAyuH vAMdhatA hai| mAyA arthAt ThagavAjI

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236 jinavANI tiryava AyuH karma meM kAraNabhUta hai / alpArambha aura alpa parigrahase jIva manuSyAyu vAMdhatA hai| mRdutAle bhI jIva manupyaAyuH vAMdhatA hai / sarva prakAra ke Ayu karmake AzravameM azIla aura atrata mukhya hai / sarAgasaMyama, saMyamAsaMyama, akAmanirjarA kaura bAlatapa deva - AyuH-karmake AznanameM kAraNanUta hai| samyakavI arthAt samyagdarzI bhI devatAkI Ayu : upArjita karatA hai / " nAmakarma meM bhI zubha aura azubha, ye do bheda hai; yaha bAta Upara kahI jA cukI hai / manudhvagati-karma, devagati-karma, paMcendriya jAtikarma, zarIrakarma, aMgopAMga ka, samacaturusaMsthAnakarma, vajraRSabhanArAcasaMhananakarma, gubha spargakarma, zubha rasakarma, zubha gaMdhakarma, zubha varNakarma, deva - ' gatyAnupUrvI karma, manuSyagatyAnupUrvI karma, agurulaghu karma, parAghAta karma, ucchAsa karma, AtApa karma, udyota karma, zubhavihAyogati karma, trasa - karma, bAdarapharma, paryAptikarma, pratyekazarIra-karna, sthira karma, zubha karma, subhaga karma, susvara karma, Adeya karma, yazaH kIrti-karma, nirmANa-karma, aura tIrthaMkarakarma, ye 37 prakArake karma zubha nAmakarma hai, yaha bhI Upara batalAyA jA cukA hai| yogavakratA aura visaMvAdana, azubha nAmakarmake AzravakAraNa hai| mana, vacana aura kAyAke kuTila vyavahArakA nAma yogavakratA hai / vitaMDA, azradvA, IrSyA, nindAvAda, AtmaprazaMsA, asUyA ye saba visaM - vAda antargata hai / yogavatratA aura visaMvAdase viparIta AcaraNa zubha nAmakarmakA Azrava karAtA hai / dUsare zabdoMmeM kahA jAya to, mana, -vacana aura kAyAkA sarala vyavahAra, kalaha-tyAga, sanyagdarzana, vinaya

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jainoMkA karmavAda aura guNAnuvAda ADise jIvameM zubha karmakA Aprava hotA hai| darzanavizuddhi, vinayasaMpannatA, aticAra rahita zIlavata, jJAnopayoga, saMvega, yathAzakti tyAga, tapa, sAdhubhakti, yAvRtya, arihaMtakI bhakti, AcAryakI bhakti, vahuzrutakI bhakti, pravacanakI bhakti, Avazyaka aparihANi, mArgaprabhAvanA aura pravacanavAtsalya; ina 16 prakArakI zubha bhAvanAose jIvameM tIrthakara nAmakarmakA Azraya hotA hai| (1) vizuddha samyagdarzanakA nAma natizuddhi hai / isake ATha bheda hai--ni zaMkita-vizuddha darzanameM kucha gaMkA na krnaa| nikAMnitadharmake atirikta kisI vAtakI AkAMkSA na karanA / nirvicikitsita-dharmakriyAmeM kucha bhI dhRNA na rkhnaa| amUDhadRSTi-zuddha dargatake vizyameM lezamAtra bhI kusaMskAra na rkhnaa| upabRMhaga-sanyadRSTi kabhI dUrorakA doSa nahIM dekhtaa| sthirIkaraNa-satyama avicalita rahanA, yaha sambagdRSTikA eka aMga hai / vAtsalya-samyagdRSTivAlA sadaina muktimArgake pathikokI aura leha, zradvAse dekhatA hai| prabhAvanA-mokSamArgakA pravAra yaha samyagdarzanakA eka lakSaNa hai| (2) muktike sAdhana tathA muktike mArga para calanevAle sAdhuoMkI bhaktiko vinayasaMpannatA kahate hai / (3) pAMca mahAvratakA paripAlana / (4) Alasya rahita hokara samyagjJAna prApta karaneke liye prayatna karanekA nAma jJAnopayoga hai / (5) saMsArameM duHkha dekhanA saMvega kahalAtA hai| (6) zaktike anusAra tyAga karanA yathAzakti tyAga hai| (7) zaktyanusAra tapa karanA yathAzakti tapa hai| (8) sAdhuoMkI sevA, rakSA aura abhayadAna Adiko sAdhubhakti kahate / (9) dhArmikoMkI sevA vaiyAvRtya kahalAtI hai / (10) sarvajJa arihaMta

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228 jinavANI bhagavAnameM acala zraddhA rakhanekA nAma arhadbhakti hai / (11) sAdhusaMghake netA AcArya, inakI bhakti karaneko AcArya-bhakti kahate hai / (12) dharmakA bodha karAnevAleko upAdhyAya aura upAdhyAyakI bhaktiko upAdhyAyabhakti athavA bahuzruta-bhakti kahate hai| (13) zAstra saMbandhI zraddhAkA nAma pravacanabhakti hai| (14) sAmAyika, vrata, pacakhANa Adi dainika dharmakAryaka anuSThAnako Avazyaka-aparihAni kahate hai / (15) prabhAvanAkA artha hai muktimArgakA pracAra karanA / (16) muktimArgameM vicaraNa karanevAle sAdhuoMke prati snehabhAva rakhaneko pravacana-vAtsalya kahate haiN| ___paraniMdA, AtmaprazaMsA, sadguNAcchAdana aura asadguNodbhAvanAse jIva nIca gotrakarma bAMdhatA hai| anyakI niMdAko paraniMdA, apanI prazaMsAko AtmaprazaMsA, anyoMke sadguNoMko chupAnA sadguNAcchAdana aura nahIM hote huve gugoMke AropaNa karaneko asadguNodbhAvana kahate hai / paraprazaMsA, AtmaniMdA, sadguNodbhAvana, asadguNAcchAdana, nIcairvRtti aura anutseka, ucca gotrakarmake Asrava kAraNa haiN| anyoMkI prazaMsAko paraprazaMsA, apanI nindAko AtmanindA, anyoMke sadguNoMke kathana karaneko sadguNodbhAvana aura apane guNa chupAneko asadguNAcchAdana kahate haiM / gurujanoMkI vinayakA nAma nIcairvRtti hai aura apane uttama kAryoMke garva na karanekA nAma anutseka hai| anyoMko dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIryameM vighna upasthita karanese antarAyakarma baMdhate hai| arthAt koI dAna karatA ho, koI lAbha uThAtA ho, koI annAdi vastukA bhoga karatA ho, koI citrAdi vastukA upabhoga karatA ho, koI apanI zakti-vIrya vikasita karatA ho, ina

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jainoMkA karmavAda kAryoMmeM vighna DAlA jAve to use tattadvipayaka vighna DAlanA khege| aise vighna DAlanese jIva antarAya karmake Azrava-kAraNa utpanna karatA hai| karmakA vipAka / karmake Azravase jIvake jJAna-darzana Adi zuddha guNa Dhaka jAte hai aura jIva vividha prakArake saMtApa tathA duHkha bhogatA huvA saMsArameMjanmajanmAntaroMmeM paribhramaNa karatA hai| kisa karmakA vipAka kisa prakArakA hogA athavA kisa karmakA kyA phala milegA yaha vAta karmake lakSaNase hI samajhI jA sakatI hai| jJAnAvaraNIya karmake bandhase jIvakA zuddha jJAna AvRta hotA hai / darzanAvarNIya karma jIvakI darzana-zaktiko Dhaka detA hai| aura jIvake zuddha guNa Dhaka jAne para use bandha, duHkha, zoka, santApa, janma, jarA, mRtyu, kSobha Adi saMsArakI avarNanIya jvAlAoMmeMse guz2aranA par3atA hai / ina jvAlAoMkA kise anubhava nahIM hai ? samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra ye ratnatraya haiN| ye hI mokSamArgaka pradarzaka hai| parantu karmakA pratApa itanA pravala hai ki jIva aharniza saMsArakI jvAlAmeM jalatA huvA bhI mokSamArgameM gati nahIM kara sktaa| kitanI bAra to mokSamArgake yAtrI bhI karmaprAvalyase punaH pathabhraSTa ho jAte haiM aura saMsArasbandhanoMmeM phaMsa jAte hai / karmavandhana jitane kaThora hai, yaha mokSamArga bhI utanA hI kaThina hai| janma janmAntarake sukRtake valase jo bhavya jIva mokSamArga para jAneke liye taiyAra hotA hai use kramazaH 14 bhUmikAeM pAra karanI par3atI hai, 14 avasthAoMse guz2aranA hotA hai| jaina zAstrameM inhe "14 guNasthAnaka" kahA gayA hai / yahAM mai guNasthAnakA varNana nahIM kruuNgaa|

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jinavANI 240 karmakI mahimA itanI vicitra hai ki vaha mokSamArgakI sAdhanA meM bhI aneka prakArake vighna upasthita kara detA hai| saccA dhIra, dRDhacitta, sahanazIla sAdhaka mokSamArgake ina phaNTakoko - duHsaha karmavipAkako - avicalita rUpase veDhatA huvA usa pAra calA jAtA hai| jainAcArya ise parisaha nAma dete he / parisahakA jaya kiye binA mokSa nahIM mila sakatA / parisaha 22 prakArake hai- (1) kSudhA, (2) pipAsA, (3) zAMta, (4) uSNa, (5) daMzamazaka, (6) acela, (7) arati, (8) strI, (9) caryA, (10) naipedhiko, (11) gayyA, (12) Akroza, (13) vadha, (14) yAcanA, (15) alAbha, (16) roga, (17) tRNasparza, (18) mala, (19) satkAra, (20) prajJA, (21) ajJAna aura (22) samyaktvaparisaha / jo sAdhaka mokSako sAdhanA cAhatA hai use ina 22 parisahAM para vijaya prApta karanI cAhiye - inhe jItanA cAhiye / use bhUkha, pyAsa, saradI, dhUpa aura macchara-DAsakA DhaMza sahanA cAhiye / vaha cAhe jaise jIrga aura tuccha calate kAma calA letA hai, sUcyavAna vastrakI apekSA nahIM rkhtaa| kaSTa sahana karane para bhI use saMyamamaM aruci nahI hotii| strIke rUpa, zRMgAra yA hAvabhAvase vaha vicalita nahIM hotA / mArga cAhe jitanA lambA kyoM na ho, saccA sAdhaka thaka kara yA ghavarAkara pIche nahIM lautttaa| dhyAnake samaya sAMpa yA siMhakA upasarga ho to bhI vaha sthira rahatA hai - AsanakA parityAga nahIM karatA / vaha kaThora bhUmi para sotA hai / koI gAlI detA hai - kaThora vacana sunAtA hai to vaha sahana kara letA hai / koI tAr3ana karatA hai to bhI samabhAva -

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jainoMkA karmavAda ut pUrvaka saha letA hai| kisI vastukI AvazyakatA hone para usakI yAcanA karatA hai, parantu na mile to kleza nahIM dharatA / jvara - atisAra jaise roga ho jAyaM to bhI udvigna nahIM hotA / zarIrameM kAMTA laga jAya to duHkha prakaTa nahIM karatA / zarIrakI malinatAko saha letA hai / mAnApamAnako samAna samajhatA hai / jJAnake garvako chor3a detA hai / apanI 1 ajJAnatAkA bhI kheda nahIM karatA / akhaMDa sAdhanA karate huve daivI zakti prApta na ho to bhI mokSamArga saMbandhI zraddhAmeM zaMkAkA praveza nahIM hone detA / isa prakAra maine 22 parisahoMkA saMkSipta varNana kiyA hai| parisahako jItanese kaThina mokSamArga sulabha banatA hai| muktimArgameM kaNTaka svarUpa ina parisahoMkA mUla kahAM hai ? karmabaMgha hI inakA mUla kAraNa hai / jJAnAvaraNIya karmameMse prajJA aura majJAna utpanna hotA hai | darzanamohanIya karmameMse adarzana parisaha utpanna hotA hai / antarAya karmameMse alAbha parisahakA janma hotA hai / acelaka, arati, strI, naiSedhikI, Akroza, yAcanA, satkAra - puruskArake mUlameM cAritramohanIya karma hai / zeSa parisaha vedanIya karmake vipAka hai / karmakA vipAka kisIko bhI nahIM choDatA; jIvake pIche hI par3A rahatA hai| jo sAdhaka abhI 14 ve guNasthAna para nahIM pahuMce unheM bhinna bhinna parisaha hone sambhava hai| jinhe saMparAya - kapAyoMkI vizeSa saMbhAvanA - ho ve ' cAdara saMparAya ' mAne jAte hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki cAdara saMparAya sAdhakako ina 22 parisahoMke hone kI saMbhAvanA hai| jina sAdhakoMko ati alpa mAtrAmeM lobha-kaSAya zeSa raha gayA hai aura bAkI saba kapAya naSTa ho gaye haiM ve " sUkSma saMparAya" mAne jAte hai| ve dazama guNasthAna 16

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242 jinavANI para ArUDha hote haiN| jinakA cAritramohanIya karma upazAnta ho gayA hai ve upazAntamoha - yArahaveM - guNasthAnameM hote haiM / jinakA moha sarvathA naSTa ho cukA hai ve kSINamoha arthAt bArahaveM guNasthAna meM virAjamAna hote haiN| tathApi karmakA parivala aisA hai ki ina sUkSma saMparAya, upazAMtamoha aura kSINamoha sAdhakoMko bhI acela, arati, strI, naipedhikI, Akroza, yAcanA, satkAra - puraskAra aura adarzanake atirikta zeSa 14 prakArake parisaha sahana karane par3ate haiM / jo puruSapravara cAra prakArake ghAtI karmakA samUloccheda karake nirmala kevalajJAnakA adhikArI hotA hai vaha 'jina' athavA arhata - sarvajJa arhata - 13veM guNasthAna para pahuMca jAtA hai| jaina zAstra unheM "Izvara " ke nAmase bhI pukArate haiM / aise mahApuruSako bhI bhUkha, pyAsa, ThaMDa, dhUpa, daMzamazaka, caryA, zaiyyA, vadha, roga, tRNasparza aura mala ye 11 parisaha vyakta rUpase nahIM to avyakta rUpase (nAma mAtrako ) rahate haiM / kevala siddhake jIva hI parisahase dUra haiN| inheM karma sparza nahIM kara sakatA / lokAkAzakI uccatama sImA para nirmala siddha zilA hai / isa zAntimaya sthAnameM rahakara siddha ananta catuSTayameM ramaNa karate haiM, anaMtakAla taka rahate hai| vahAM na karma hai, na baMdha hai, na saMsAra hai aura na parisaha hai / 1 yahAM maine karmakA jo jainAgamasaMmata vivaraNa diyA hai vaha zAyada kucha logoMko nIrasa pratIta hogA / yaha nIrasa bhale mAluma ho, para jainoMke karmasiddhAMtake mUla sUtroMke sAtha kisI bhI bhAratIya darzanako matabheda ho aisA pratIta nahIM hogaa| rAgadveSAdi vibhAvoMke kAraNa jIva

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jainaukA karmavAda karmameM lisa hotA hai| karmase hI jIva baMdhatA hai| karma hI saMsArakA mUla hai| karma hI jIvakI prakRti aura sAMsArika ghaTanAoMkI racanA karatA hai| karmakA abhAva naiSkarmya athavA mukti hai| parAmukti prApta hone taka jIvake sAtha karmavipAka lagA hI rhegaa| jaina darzanameM ina saba tatvoM para khUba vicAra kiyA gayA hai aura bhAratake sabhI prAcIna darzanoMne use svIkAra kiyA hai| bauddha darzanane bhI usakI prAmANikatA mAnI hai| pharmabAda bhAratIya darzanoMkI eka viziSTatA hai| jaina darzanameM karmatatvakI jo vistRta mAlocanA milatI hai, usase itanA to mAlama hotA hai ki gautamabuddha aura bhagavAna mahAvIrake pUrva-zatAbdiyoM pahile, bhUtakAlake smaraNAtIta yugameM, bhAratavarSameM anya darzanoMke samAna jaina darzanane bhI acchI prasiddhi prApta kI hogii|

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jaina darzanameM dharma aura adharma tattva [dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya sambandhI yaha lekha zrI bhAcAryajIne vagIya sAhitya paripad patrikA pu. 34 aka 2 meM prakAzita kiyA thaa| isameM aneka virodhI dalIloMkI samIkSA kI hai evaM tarkase dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAyake svatantra astitvakI sthApanA karanekA prayatna kiyA hai| usa rekhakA anuvAda, gujarAta mahAvidyAlayake adhyApaka zrI nagInadAsa pArekhane jaina sAhitya sazodhakameM chapAyA thA, jo yahA uddhata kiyA jAtA hai| --zrI suzIla] (1) dharma sAdhAraNataH dharma zabdakA artha puNyakarma athavA puNyakarmasamUha hotA hai| bhAratIya vedamArgAnuyAyI darzanAmeM kahI kahIM dharmazabdameM naitikake atirikta arthakA AropaNa bhI kiyA gayA hai| aise sabhI sthAnoMmeM dharmagavdakA artha vastukI prakRti, svabhAva yA guNa hotA hai / bauddha darzanameM bhI dharmazabdakA prayoga naitika arthameM prayukta milatA hai| kintu bahutase sthAnoMmeM 'kAryakAraNazRGkhalA, 'anityatA, Adi kisI vizvaniyama yA vastudharmako prakaTa karaneme bhI isakA prayoga huvA hai| parantu jaina darzanako choDakara anya kisI bhI darzanameM dharmako eka ajIva padArtharUpa nahIM mAnA gyaa|

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245 jaina darzanameM dharma aura adharma tatva naitika arthaka atirikta eka naye hI arthameM dharma zabdakA prayoga kevala jaina darzanameM hI dekhA jAtA hai| jaina darzanAnusAra 'dharma' eka ajIva padArtha hai| kAla, adharma aura AkAzake samAna dharma eka amUrta dravya hai| yaha lokAkAzameM sarvatra vyApta hai| aura isake pradeza' asaMkhya hai| pAMca astikAya meM dharma bhI eka hai| yaha 'apodgalika' (Immaterial) aura nitya hai / dharma-padArtha pUrNataH niSkriya hai aura alokameM usakA astitva nahIM hai| jaina darzanameM dharmako gatikAraNa' kahA jAtA hai| parantu isakA yaha artha nahIM hai ki dharma vastuoMko calAtA hai| vaha to niSkriya padArtha hai| taba use 'gatikAraNa' kaise mAna sakate hai ? dharma pratyeka padArthakI gatike viSayameM 'bahiraMga hetu' athavA 'udAsIna hetu' hai| vaha gati karanemeM padArthako kevala sahAyatA karatA hai| jIva athavA koI bhI pudgala-dravya svayameva hI gatimAna hotA hai| vAstavameM dharma inhe kisI prakAra bhI nahIM calAtA, to bhI vaha dharma gatimeM sahAyaka hotA hai aura dharmake kAraNa padArthoMkI gati eka prakArase saMbhavita hotI hai| dravyasaMgrahakAra kahate hai : "jala jisa prakAra gatimAna matsyakI gatimeM sahAyaka hai usI prakAra dharma gatimAna jIva athavA puMgala-dravyakI gatimeM sahAyaka hai / vaha gatihIna padArthako nahIM claataa|" kundakundAcArya aura anya jaina dArzanika bhI isa viSayameM jala aura gatizIla matsyakA dRSTAnta dete haiM / " jala jisa prakAra gatizIla matsyake gamanameM sahAyatA detA hai usI prakAra dharma bhI jIva aura pudgalakI gatimeM sahAyaka hai" (92 paMcAstikAya, samayasAra), tatvArthasArake kartA kahate hai ki,

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jinavANI "jo samasta padArtha svayameva gatimAna hote hai, unakI gatimeM dharma sahAyatA detA hai| jisa prakAra gamana karaneke samaya matsya jalakI sahAyatA letA hai, usI prakAra jIva aura pudgala-dravya bhI gatimeM dharmakI sahAyatA grahaNa karate hai / " vastuoke gatikAryameM dharmake amukhya hetutva aura niSkriyatvakA samarthana brahmadeva nimna dRSTAntapUrvaka karate hai| siddha pUrNataH mukta jIva hai / unake sAtha saMsArakA koI saMbandha nahIM hai| ve pRthvIke kisI bhI jIvake upakAraka nahIM hai| ve pRthvIke kisI bhI jIvase upakRta nahIM hote| ve kisI bhI jIvako muktimArga para nahIM le jAte / tathApi koI bhI bhaktipUrvaka siddha puruSakI bhAvanA kare, yaha vicAra karake dekhe ki, ananta jJAnAdi viSayoMmeM svabhAvataH vaha bhI siddhake samAna hI hai to vaha jIva bhI dhIre dhIre siddhatvaprAptike mArgameM Age baDhatA hai| yahAM spaSTa hai ki vAstavameM to jIva svayaM hI mokSamArgakA musAphira banA hai, phira bhI isa bAtase bhI inkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ki siddha puruSa bhI usakI muktikA kAraNa hai| vAstavika dRSTise athavA kisI prakAra bhI vastuoMko na calAte huve bhI ThIka isI prakAra dharma unakI gatimeM kAraNa athavA hetu hai| - lokAkAzake bAhara dharmatattvakA astitva nahIM hai| isI lie svabhAvataH Urdhvagati hone para bhI mukta jIva lokAna para sthita siddha zilA para hI raha jAte hai aura usase Upara aloka nAmaka ananta mahAzUnya AkAzameM nahIM vicara sakate / lokAkAza aura alokAkAzakI bhinnatAke samasta kAraNoMmeM eka yaha bhI hai ki lokameM dhamakI avasthiti hai| vizvameM vastuokI sthiti aura vizvavastuoMkI niyamAdhInatA gatisApekSa hai|

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247 jaina darzanameM dharma aura adharma tatva ata eva kaha sakate hai ki, dharmake kAraNa hI lokAkAza athavA niyamabaddhavizvakA honA saMbhava huvA hai| aisA hote hue bhI yahAM para yaha bAta yAda rakhanI cAhiye ki, dharma gatimeM sahAyaka kAraNa ke sivA aura kucha nahIM hai / padArtha svayameva hI gatimAna athavA sthitizIla hote haiM aura kisI bhI sthitizIla padArthako dharma calA nahIM sktaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki vizvake padArtha nirantara calate phirate dikhalAI nahIM dete / yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki vizvameM jo niyama athavA zRGkhalA (vyavasthA) pratiSThita ho rahe haiM unakA eka kAraNa hai| _ adhyApaka zIlake matAnusAra dharma gatikA sahAyaka kAraNa to hai hI, para vaha " isase bhI kucha aura adhika hai" / ve kahate hai" vaha isake atirikta kucha aura bhI hai, vaha niyamavaddha gatiparaMparA (System of movements) kA kAraka athavA kAraNa hai, jIva aura pudgalakI gatimeM jo zrRMkhalA ( Order ) vartamAna hai usakA kAraNa dharma hI hai| " unake matAnusAra dharma, lAibnITsa pratipAdita prathamase niyata vyavasthA (Pre-established harmony) se kucha kucha milatA julatA hI hai| prabhAcandrakI " sakRdgati yugapadbhAvi gati" isa yukti para vaha apanA matavAda sthApita karatA hai / vastuoMkI gatiyoMmeM jo zrRMkhalA yA niyama dekhA jAtA hai usakA kAraNa dharma hI hai, aisA prabhAcandrakA vAstavika abhiprAya hai yA nahIM isameM sandeha hai| ukta zrRMkhalAke kAraNoMmeM dharma bhI eka hai, yaha bAta svIkArya hai, parantu vastuoMko zrRMkhalAvaddhagatimeM dharmake atirikta anya kAraNoMkI bhI AvazyakatA hotI hai; yaha bAta bhI svIkAra karanI pdd'egii| sarovarameM

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28 jinavANI matsyapaMkti jisa zrRMkhalAse gamanAgamana karatI hai, usa zrRMkhalAmeM kevala sarovarakA pAnI hI ekamAtra kAraNa hai, aisA nahIM kahA jA sktaa| mInapaMktikI uparyukta susaMbaddha gatimeM tAlAbakA pAnI jisa prakAra kAraNa banatA hai usI prakAra matsyoMkI prakRti bhI kAraNa banatI hai| 'prameyakamalamArtaNDa' meM prabhAcandrane kahA hai____ "vivAdApanasakalajIvapudgalAzrayAH sakRdgatayaH sAdhAraNavAhyanimittApekSAH yugapadbhAvigatitvAdekasaraH salilAzrayAnekamatsyagatiyat / tathA sakalajIvapudgalasthitayaH sAdhAraNabAhyanimittApekSA yugapadbhAvisthititvAdekakuNDAzrayAnekavadarAdisthitivat / yattu sAdhAraNaM nimittaM sa dharmo'dharmazca, tAbhyAm vinA tadgatisthitikAryasyAsambhavAt / " isakA bhAvArtha yaha hai ki " samasta jIva aura paudgalika padArthokI gatiyAM eka sAdhAraNa bAhya nimittakI apekSA rakhatI hai| kyoM ki ye samasta jIva aura paudgalika padArtha yugapat arthAt eka sAtha gatimAna dikhalAI dete haiM / sarovarake aneka matsyoMkI yugapadgati dekhakara jisa prakAra usa gatike sAdhAraNa nimittarUpa eka sarovarameM vartamAna jalakA anumAna hotA hai usI prakAra jIva pudgalakI gatise eka sAdhAraNa nimittakA anumAna karanA pdd'egaa| samasta jIva aura paudgalika padArthoMkI sthitiyAM eka sAdhAraNa bAhya nimittakI apekSA rakhatI hai| kyoM ki ve samasta jIva aura paudgalika padArtha yugapat sthitizIla dekhe jAte haiM / eka kuMDameM aneka beroMkI yugapat sthiti dekhakara jisa prakAra ukta sthitike sAdhAraNa nimittarUpase kuMDakA anumAna hotA hai, usI prakAra jIva, pudgalakI sthitise eka sAdhAraNa nimittakA anumAna

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rakara jana dazanameM dharma aura adharma tattva karanA pdd'egaa| ve sAdhAraNa nimitta yathAkrama dharma aura adharma haiM, kyoM ki ina donoMke binA uparokta gati-sthitirUpa kArya ho nahIM sktaa|" prabhAcandrake uparokta vacanase yahI siddha hotA hai ki aneka padArthIko yugapat gatise dharmatattvake astitvakA anumAna hotA hai / parantu jisa prakAra ekake pIche dUsare padArthake jAnese hI unhe zrRMkhalAbaddha nahIM kaha sakate usI prakAra do yA adhika padArthokI yugapat gatise hI unake zrRMkhalAbaddha honekA anumAna nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| gatiyAM yugapat honese hI ve zrRMkhalAbaddha ho jAya yaha koI niyama nahIM hai / kalpanA kIjie ki kisI tAlAbameM eka machalI uttarakI ora dauDatI hai, eka manuSya pUrvakI ora tairatA hai, per3ase girA huvA eka pattA pazcimakI aura vahA jAtA hai aura eka kaMkara sarovarake talakI ora baiThatA jAtA hai| ye saba gatiyAM yugapat hai aura ye yugapat gatiyAM, gati-kAraNa jalase hI saMbhava hai; parantu ina saba gatiyoMmeM yaugapadya hone para bhI koI zrRMkhalA (vyavasthA) dikhalAI nahIM detii| isI prakAra dharmako yugapat gatiyoMkA kAraNa nahIM kahA jA sakatA / dharmako jaina darzanameM niSkriya padArtha kahA gayA hai / gatiparaMparAkI zrRMkhalAmeM dharmakI upayogitA svIkArya hai| parantu yAda rakhanA cAhiye ki dharma kriyAzila vastu nahIM hai aura isa lie vizvakI gatiyoMmeM jo zRGkhalA hai usakA ekamAtra kAraNa dharma hI hai aisA nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| ataH hame pratIta hotA hai ki adhyApaka cakravartI mahAzayane paNDitavara gIlake dharma saMbandhI matabAdakI jo samAlocanA kI hai vaha yukti-saMgata hai / parantu gatisamUhako zRGkhalAke kAraNakI khoja karate

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250 jinavANI hue adhyApaka cakravartIne adharmatatva lA dharA hai / sthitikAraNa adharma " yuktise" dharmakA " pUrvagAmI" (Logically prnor) hai aura adharmake phala athavA kAryakA nirAsa karaneke liye athavA use kisI hada taka manda karaneke liye dharmake prayatnase zRGkhalAkI utpatti huI hai aisA unakA mata pratIta hotA hai| vidvAna adhyApakake isa matako hama svIkAra nahIM kara sakate / hameM bhUlanA na cAhiye ki dharma aura adharma donoM niSkriya tatva hai / unake astitvase gati-zRGkhalAke Avi rbhAvako sahAyatA mila sakatI hai, parantu gatizRGkhalAkI utpattimeM unakA kriyAkArikha bilkula nahIM hai| ___ saca bAta to yaha hai ki dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla sammilita rUpase athavA pRthak pRthak, vastuoMkI gatiparaMparAmeM zRGkhalA utpanna karanemeM samartha nahIM hai| inakA astitva zRGkhalAke sahAyaka rUpameM mAnA gayA hone para bhI ye sarvathA niSkriya dravya hai| vizvaniyamake kAraNakA nirNaya karanemeM advaitavAda "ekamevAdvitIyam" satpadArthako lAtA hai aura IzvaravAda eka mahAna sapTAkA nirdeza karatA hai| jaina darzana advaitavAda aura kartRtvavAda, ina dAnoMkA virodhI hai, ata eva zRGkhalAbaddha gatiyoMkA, aura usake sAtha vizvavartI niyamakA kAraNa nizcita karanemeM jainoMko svabhAvataH gatizIla jIva aura pudgalakI svAbhAvika prakRti para avalambita rahanA par3atA hai| saba jIvoMmeM samAna hI jIvake guNa rahe hue hai / isa liye saba jIvoMka karma aura kriyApaddhati adhikAMzameM eka hI prakArake hote hai / aura eka ho. kAla, AkAza, dharma, adharma aura pudgalake sAtha milakara samasta jIvoko kArya karanA

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jaina darzanameM dharma aura adharma tattva 251 1 par3atA hai; isa liye bhI jIvoMmeM eka niyama aura zRGkhalAkA AvirbhAva hotA hai / hameM pratIta hotA hai ki jar3a jagatakI zRGkhalAke sambandhameM jaina darzana, Adhunika vijJAna sammata matakA svIkAra karane meM tanika bhI AnAkAnI nahIM kregaa| vartamAna yugake jaDa vijJAnake AcAryoMke samAna jaina bhI kaha sakate hai ki, jaDa jagatameM jo zrRGkhalA hai vaha jaDa padArtha ke svAbhAvika guNoMmeMse utpanna huI hai / jaDakA saMsthAna (Mass) aura gati (Motion ) gurutvAkarSaNa (Law of gravity) ke niyama aura jaDameM vartamAna AkarSaNavikarSaNa zakti (Principles of attraction and repulsion ) meMse hI jaDa jagatakI zRGkhalA utpanna hotI hai| jaDa vyApAroM (Purely material phenomena) meM jo niyama dekhA jAtA usakI pratiSThAmeM dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAlakA astitva atyadhika sahAyaka hai; yaha bAta bhI yahAM mAna lenI caahiye| jagatameM jIvokA astitva bhI jaDajagatakI zrRMkhalAkA poSaka hai; kyoM ki anAdi kAlase jo saba vaddha jIva saMsArameM bhramaNa kara rahe haiM, unake prayojana aura abhIpsA ke anusAra jaDa dravya athavA pudgala dhIre dhIre badalate Ae hai / isa prakAra mAlUma hotA hai ki, vastuoM kI gatimeM jo zrRMkhalA hai vaha mUla to vastukI hI kriyAzIla prakRtimeM se hI utpanna huI hai, aura kevala dharmatattvakA astitva hI isa zrRMkhalAkI pratiSThAkA sahAyaka hai aisA nahIM hai| adharma, AkAzAdi tattva bhI usake paripoSaka hai / tattvArtharAjavArtikakAra vizeSa rUpase kahate hai ki, padArtha svabhAvase hI gatisthitimeM kartRtvAdhikArI hai / aura ve dharma adharmako 'upagrAhaka' kahate hai| ve kahate haiM ki, andha vyakti calanemeM lakar3IkA sahArA letA hai, 1

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252 jinavANI lakar3I use calAtI nahIM, kevala usake calanemeM sahAyatA detI hai / yadi lakar3I kriyAzIla kartA hotI to vaha acetana aura nidrAgrasta vyaktiko bhI calAtI / ata eva andhakI gatimeM lakar3I upagrAhaka hai / aura dRSTike vyApArameM prakAza sahAyaka hai, dekhane kI zakti AMkha hI hai, prakAza dRSTi zaktikA utpAdaka nahIM hai| prakAza yadi kriyAzIla kartA hotA to vaha * acetana aura supta vyaktiko bhI darzana karAtA / ata eva dRSTi-vyApArameM prakAza upagrAhaka hai| ve kahate haiM ki, "ThIka isI prakAra jIva aura jaDa padArtha svayameva hI gatimAna athavA sthitizIla hote haiN| unake gati aura sthiti vyApArameM dharma aura adharma, upagrAhaka arthAt niSkriya hetu haiN| ve usa gati yA sthitike 'kartA' yA utpAdaka nahIM haiM / dharma aura adharma yadi gati aura sthitike kartA hote to gati aura sthiti asaMbhava ho jaate|" dharma aura adharmako sakriya dravya rUpa mAnanese jagatameM gati aura sthiti asambhava kyoM ho jAtI, isa vAtakA bhI pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| dharma aura adharma sarvavyApaka tathA lokAkAzameM sarvatra vyApta hai / ata eva jaba jaba dharma kisI vastuko gatimAna karatA taba taba hI adharma use roka detA / isa prakAra jagatameM sthiti asaMbhava ho jaatii| isI liye akalaMka deva kahate hai ki, yadi dharma aura adharma niSkriya dravyake atirikta kucha aura hote to jagatameM gati aura sthitikA honA asaMbhava ho jaataa| gati aura sthiti jIva aura jar3a padArthoMkI kriyAsApekSa hai| dharma aura adharma gati aura sthitike sahAyaka haiM aura eka prakArase dharma tathA adharmake kAraNa hI gati aura sthiti saMbhavita hotI hai| yahAM para hama z2arA Age bar3hakara kyA yaha nahIM kaha sakate

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jaina darzanameM dharma aura adharma tatva 253 ki, zrRMkhalAbaddha gati aura zrRMkhalAvaddha sthiti jIba aura jar3a padArthoMkI' svAbhAvika kriyAke AdhIna hai aura usake sahAyaka tathA aparihArya hetu hone para bhI dharma aura adharma sammilita rUpase yA pRthak pRthak gati-sthiti-zrRMkhalAke utpAdaka ( Cause ) nahIM hai ' jo loga kahate haiM ki dharma aura adharma pratyakSake viSaya nahIM haiM ataeva ve satpadArtha nahIM haiM, unheM jaina ayuktavAdI kahate haiM / pratyakSake viSaya na ho aise aneka padArtha hameM satya mAnane par3ate hai aura hama unheM satya mAnate bhI hai| padArtha jaba gatizIla evaM sthitimAna dekhe jAte haiM to koI aisA dravya bhI avazya honA cAhiye ki jo unake gati aura sthiti - vyApAra meM sahAyatA de / isa yuktise dharma tathA adharmake astitva aura dravyatvakA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai / koI koI kahate hai ki, AkAza hI gatikA kAraNa hai aura AkAzase bhinna dharma athavA adharma dravya mAnanekI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| jaina dArzanika isa matabAdakI nisAratA dikhalAneke liye kahate hai ki, AkAzakA guNa to avakAza denA hI hai| yaha bAta samajhameM Ane yogya hai ki, avakAzapradAna yaha gatizIla padArthoMko unakI gatimeM sahAyatA denese eka bhinna vastu hai / ina donoM guNokI yaha maulika bhinnatA aise do dravyoMkA astitva siddha karatI hai ki jo mUlase hI bhinna hoN| aura isI kAraNa dharmatattva AkAzase bhinna dravya haiN| aura yaha bhI jJAta hotA hai ki, yadi AkAza gatikAraNa hotA to vastueM alokameM praveza karake lokAkAzake samAna vahAM bhI idhara udhara sacAra kara sakatI thI / aloka yaha AkAzakA aMza hone para bhI sarvathA zUnya aura padArtha rahita hai| (itanA hI nahIM,

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254 jinavANI 1 vahAM to siddha bhI praveza nahIM kara sakate / ) isase hI mAlUma hotA hai ki, dharma saddravya hai, alokameM isakA astitva nahIM hai, aura lokameM vyApta hokara lokAkAza aura alokAkAzameM eka bar3I bhinnatA pratipAdita karatA hai / koI koI yaha bhI kahate hai ki adRSTa hI gati - kAraNa hai, dharma dravyakI sattA nahIM hai / parantu yAda rakhanA cAhiye ki cetana jIva jo zubhAzubha karma karatA hai, usIke phalasvarUpa adRSTako kalpanA kI gaI hai / dalIlake liye yaha mAna bhI leM ki cetana jIvake gamanAgamana karAne meM adRSTa samartha hai to bhI pApa-puNya karmoMke akartA aura tajjanya adRSTake sAtha kisI prakArakA saMbandha na rakhanevAle jo jaDa padArtha haiM unakI gatikA kAraNa kyA ho sakatA hai ? yaha bAta yAda rakhanI cAhiye ki, jaina matAnusAra dharma, padArthoMko calAnevAlA koI dravya nahIM hai, vaha to vastuoMkI gati -kriyAmeM kevala sahAyatA detA hai / gatimeM dharmake samAna eka niSkriya kAraNa avazya mAnanA cAhiye / adRSTakI sattA mAneM to bhI usase dharmako eka sat aura ajIva dravya mAnanemeM koI rukAvaTa paidA nahIM hotI / (2) adharma vizva vyApArake AdhArakI khoja karate huve aneka darzanoMko khAsa karake prAcIna darzanoMko do virodhI tattva mile haiN| jarathustapravartita dharmameM hama "ahuromajda" aura "aharimAna" nAmaka do paraspara virodhI - hitakArI aura ahitakArI - devatAoMkA paricaya pAte haiN| prAcIna nyAhUdI dharma aura krizciyana dharmameM bhI Izvara aura usakA cirakAlIna - ---

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255 jana darzanameM dharma aura adharma tattva duzmana zaitAna maujUda hai / bhAratameM deva aura asurakI dharma-kathA purAtana kAlase calI AtI hai| dharmavizvAsakI cAtako chor3akara yadi dArzanika tattvavicArakI AlocanA kI jAya to vahAM bhI dvaitavAdakI eka asara dRSTigocara hotI hai| una saba dvaita vAdoMmeM AtmA aura anAtmAkA bheda vizeSa ullekha yogya hai aura isa bhedakI kalpanA prAyaH sabhI darzanoMmeM kisI na kisI rUpameM rahI huI haiN| sAMkhyameM yaha dvaita puruSa-prakRtike rUpameM varNita hai; vedAntameM brahma aura mAyAke sambandhake vicArameM dvaitakA kucha AbhAsa dikhalAI detA hai; phreMca tatvavettA DekArTake anuyAyI AtmA aura jar3akI bhinnatA dekha sake the aura inhoMne unakA samanvaya karanekA vRthA prayAsa kiyA thaa| jaina darzanameM jIva aura ajIva ye paraspara minna mUla tattva haiM / ina saba dvaitoMke atirikta anya bhI kaI prakArake dvaita dArganika svIkAra karate hai / yathA-sat aura asat (Being and Non-being ), tattva aura paryAya (Noumenon and Phenomenon) aadi| prAcIna grIkone eka anya suprasiddha bhedakI kalpanA kI thI, vaha bheda gati aura sthitike vIcakA hai / herAlITAsake ziSyoMke matAnusAra pratyeka sthiti yaha vAstavika tAtvika vyApAra nahIM hai, pradArtha pratikSaNa parivartita hotA rahatA hai aura isa prakAra pratyeka padArtha pratikSaNa gatimAna hai aisA kaha sakate haiN| dUsarI aura pArameniDisake ziSya kahate hai ki, gati asaMbhava hai, parivartita na ho aisI sthiti hI svAbhAvika tattva hai| ina donoM pakSoMke vAdavivAdase gati aura sthiti, donoMko satyatA aura tAtvikatA samajhI jAtI hai / jo loga kevala tattvavicArake hI pakSapAtI

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jinavANI 256 nahIM hai aura lokavyavahArakI ora bhI dRSTi rakhate hai ve gati aura sthitimeMse kisI ekakI sattAko sarvathA asvIkAra karake dUsarekI tAttvikatA nahIM dikhalA skte| jaina anekAntavAdI haiM ataeva ve gati-kAraNa dharma kaura sthiti-kAraNa adharma ina donoMkI tAttvikatAko svIkAra kareM to isameM AzcaryakI koI bAta nahIM hai| ____dharmake kAraNa gati hai; adharmake kAraNa sthiti hai; dharma aura adharma dAnoM sat dravya hai, aura ajIva dravyoMmeM inakA samAveza hotA hai| donoM hI lokAkAzameM vyApta aura sarvagata vyApaka padArtha hai| mahAzUnya alokameM donoMkA astitva nahIM hai / "dharma isase kucha vizeSa hai, vaha niyamabaddha gatiparaMparAkA kAraka yA kAraNa hai-jIva aura pudgalakI gatiyoMmeM jo zRGkhalA vartamAna hai usakA kAraNa dharma hI hai "- yaha mAnanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| jaina darzanake matAnusAra jIva aura pudgala donoM svayameva hI gatizIla hai aura dharma pUrNataH niskriya padArtha hai| ataeva yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki, dharma vizvavartI zRGkhalAkA vidhAyaka hai| adharma bhI niSkriya dravya / hai / jIva aura pudgala svayameva hI sthitizIla hai| yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki, yadi jagatameM zrRMkhalAvaddha sthiti ho to usakA kAraNa adharma hI hai / jIva aura pudgalakA svabhAva hI usakA kAraNa hai| dharma aura adharmameMse koI bhI jagatavartI niyamakA kartA nahIM hai| aura inameMse kisI ekako dUsarekA yuktise pUrvagAmI (Logically prior) nahIM kaha sakate / dharma aura adharmameMse koI eka dUsareke vyApArakI pratikriyA karatA hai aura isa ciravirodha yA

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jaina darzanameM dharma aura adharma tattva 257 ananta saMgrAmake Upara vizvazRGkhalA avalambita hai, aisA mAnanA yuktiviruddha hai| grIka dArzanika AviSkRta 'rAga' ( Principle of love) aura 'dveSa' (Principle of hate ) ke siddhAntake sAtha dharma aura adharmakI tulanA nahIM ho sktii| hameM pratIta hotA hai ki, dharmako vahirmukhI gatikA kAraNa (Piinciple " guaranteeing motion within hmits") aura adharmako antarmukhI gatikA kAraNa yA madhyAkarSaNakAraNa (koSTaka Principle of Gravitation) kahanA ThIka nahIM hai| paramANukAya saMrakSaNameM jina do paraspara virodhI (Positive and negative) vaidhutika zaktikA vyApAra (Electro magnetic influences ) dekhA jAtA hai, unake samAna paraspara virodhI kinhIM do tattvoMke sAtha dharma adharmakI tulanA nahIM ho sktii| dharma aura adharma sarvathA niSkriya dravya hai / jisa prakAra "kendrAbhimukhI" aura " kendravahirgAmI" gati (Centripetal and Centrifugal forces ) se ve nahIM milate usI prakAra kisI prakArake bhI kriyAkAritva ( dynamic energisang) kA Aropa unameM nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| jaina darzanameM adharmakA artha pApa yA nIti viruddha karma nahIM hai| yaha eka sat ajIva tattva hai; vastuoMkI sthitizIlatAkA eka kAraNa hai / vaha jIva aura jaDa vastuoMkA sthitikAraNa mAnA jAtA hai isase yaha na samajha lenA cAhie ki adharma gatizIla padArthIko roka detA hai / adharma sthitikA kAraka sahabhAvI kAraNa hai / dravyasaMgrahakArane ise " ThANajudANa ThANasahacArI" (sthAnayutAnAM sthAna

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258 jinavANI sahakArI) arthAt sthitizIla padArthakA sthitisahAyaka kahA hai / jo sthitizIla padArthakI sthitiko sahAyatA detA hai use vizuddha darzanavAle arihaMtoMne adharma kahA hai| pazuoM kI sthitiyoM kA jisa prakAra pRthvI sAdhAraNa Azraya hai usI prakAra adharma jIva aura pudgaloMke sthitivyApArakA sAdhAraNa Azraya hai (tattvArthasAra, adhyAya 3-3536) gamanagIla pazuoMko pRthvI roka nahIM detI, parantu pRthvI na ho to unakI sthiti bhI sambhava nahIM, usI prakAra yadyapi kisI bhI gatigIla castuko adharma roka nahIM detA tathApi adharmake binA gatizIla vastuoM kI sthiti bhI sambhava nahIM / aise samaya jaina lekhaka adharmake sAtha chAyAkI bhI tulanA karate hai / ve kahate hai - "jisa prakAra chAyA tApase jhulasate huve prANiyoM kI sthitikA aura pRthvI azvoMkI sthitikA kAraNa hai usI prakAra adharma bhI pudgalAdi dravyoMkI sthitikA kAraNa hai / " adharma ' akartA' arthAt niSkriya tattva hai / yaha vastuoMkI sthitikA hetu yA kAraNa hone para bhI kadApi kriyAkArI (Dynamic or produchve) kAraNa nahIM hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki adharmako sthitikA " vahiraMga hetu " athavA " udAsIna hetu " kahA jAtA hai| vaha " nitya " aura " amUrta " hai; usameM sparza, rasa aura gaMdhAdi guNa nahIM hai / ina saba bAtoM meM dharma, kAla aura AkAzase adharmakI samAnatA hai / isakA viziSTa guNa hai aura yaha vastuoMke sthitiparyAyakA AdhAra hai, isa liye yaha saddravya hai / adharma, dravyatattvarUpameM jIvake samAna hai; jIvake samAna vaha bhI anAdyanaMta aura apaudgalika

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jaina darzanameM dharma aura adharma tattva 259 (Immaterial) hai / pahile kahA jA cukA hai ki adharma ajIva arthAt anAtmadravya hai| dharma, kAla, pudgala aura jIvake samAna adharma, lokAkAzameM vartamAna hai / ananta AkAzameM usakA astitva nahIM hai| adharma vartamAna (asti) aura pradezaviziSTa (kAya) hai isa lie usakI gaNanA paMca astikAyameM kI gaI hai / eka avibhAjya pudgala jitanA sthAna rokatA hai use 'pradeza' kahate hai / adharma lokAkAzakI sImAmeM rahatA honese usake pradeza ananta nahIM hai / ve nirdiSTa sImAmeM rahate honese unakA aMta hai / jaina adharma, dharma aura jIvake pradezoMko 'asaMkhya ' arthAt agaNya kahate hai / isa prakAra adharma ' asaMkhyeya-pradeza' hone para bhI eka hI hai -kevala eka hI vyApaka padArtha hai / vaha vizvavyApI (lokAvagADha) aura vistRta (" pRthula") hai| dharmake samAna adharmake pradeza bhI paraspara saMyukta hai; ataeva vaha eka vyApaka pUrNa padArtha kahalAtA hai| isa viSayameM adharma, kAlatatvase bhinna hai, kyoMki kAlANu paraspara saMyukta nahIM hai| ____ dharma aura adharma, donoMko mUlataH eka hI dravya kahA jA sakatA hai yA nahIM ? donoM lokAkAza vyApI hai ata eva donoMkA "deza" eka hai| donoMkA 'saMsthAna' arthAt parimANa eka hI hai| donoM eka 'kAla' me vartamAna hai / dArzanika eka hI darzana arthAt pramANakI sahAyatAse donoMke astitvakA anumAna karate hai| dharma aura adharma " avagAhana" se eka haiM arthAt donoM paraspara ghaniSTatAse saMyukta hai| donoM tatva " dravya" haiM, amUrta haiM aura jJeya hai / ata eva

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jinavANI dharma aura adharma donoko pRthak pRthak na mAnakara eka hI dravya mAneM to kyA dopa hai? isake uttarameM tattvArtha-rAjavArtikakArakA kathana hai ki, dharma aura adharmaka kArya bhinna haiM, ata eva ve donoM minna dravya haiN| eka hI padArthameM eka hI samayameM rUpa, rasa aura anya vyApAra dekhe, jAte hai, parantu kyA isase hama rUpa rasAdiko eka hI vyApAra kaha sakate hai ? AkAza tattvako gati aura sthitikA kAraNa mAnakara dharma aura adharmake astitvase inkAra nahIM kiyA jAtA / AkAzakA lakSaNa to avakAza arthAt rathAna denA hI hai / jisa prakAra nagarameM ghara Adi hote hai usI prakAra AkAzameM dharma, adharma aura anya dravya rahe hue haiN| yadi sthiti aura gati karAnA AkAzakA guNa hotA to ananta mahAzUnya alokameM bhI ina guNoMkA abhAva na hotA / alokAkAzameM gati aura sthiti saMbhava hotI to lokAkAza aura anaMta alokAkAzameM koI antara na rhtaa| vyavasthita loka aura ananta alokake bhedase hI mAlUma hotA hai ki AkAzameM gati-sthitike nimitta kAraNatvakA Aropa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA aura gati-sthitike kAraNa svarUpa dharma aura adharmakA astitva mAnanA Avazyaka hai| yadyapi yaha saca hai ki, avakAzako denevAle AkAgake binA dharma aura adharmakA koI bhI kArya nahIM ho sakatA, parantu isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki AkAza aura dharma-adharmameM kucha bheda hI nahIM hai| vaizeSika darzanameM diga, kAla aura AtmAko bhinna bhinna padArtha mAnA hai| AkAzake vinA inameMse kisIkA bhI kArya nahIM ho sakatA, itanA hone para bhI ina sabakA astitva

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jaina darzanameM dharma aura adharma tattva 261 AkAzase pRthak mAnA gayA hai| yadi eka hI dravyameM bhinna bhinna kAryoMkA Aropa kiyA jA sakatA hai, to nyAyadarzana saMmata anekAsmavAda kisa prakAra yuktiyukta ThaharegA ? isake atirikta sAMkhyadarzana prakRtimeM sattva, rajas aura tamas nAmaka bhinna bhinna tIna guNoMkA Aropa karatA hai, vaha bhI kisa prakAra ucita mAnA jAyagA ? ina tIna guNoMmeMse kisI bhI eka guNako bhinna bhinna tona prakAroMse kAma karanevAlA mAna liyA jAtA to bhI kAma cala jAtA / mUlataH hI bhinna kAryokA kAraNa eka ho to sAMkhyasaMmata puruSabahutvavAda siddha nahIM ho sktaa| bauddha darzana, rUpakaMva, vedanAskaMdha, saMjJAskaMdha, saMskAraskaMdha aura vijJAnaskaMdha nAmaka pAMca bhinna bhinna skandhoMkA ullekha karatA hai| antima skandhake vinA zeSa skandhoMkA honA asambhava hote huve bhI bauddha pAMcoM skandha mAnate hai / arthAt eka padArtha dUsareke Azrita ho to bhI, yahi donoMke kAryoMmeM maulika bheda ho to, donoM padArthokA pRthak astitva mAnanA par3atA hai| ___ dharma aura adharma amUrta dravya hai, ataH ve anya padArthoMkI gati aura sthitimeM kisa prakAra sahAyaka ho sakate hai ? -- isa prakArako zaMkA karanekA kAraNa nahIM hai / dravya amUrta hone para bhI kArya kara sakatA hai| AkAza amUrta hone para bhI anya padAthIko avakAza detA hai| sAMkhyadarzana-saMmata pradhAna bhI amUrta hai, tathApi purupake liye usakA jagata-prasavakA kArya mAnA gayA hai| vauddha darzanakA vijJAna amUrta hone para bhI nAma rUpAdikI utpattikA kAraNa hai| vaizapika saMmata apUrva bhI kyA hai ? vaha bhI amUrta hai, tathApi vaha jIvake sukhaduHkhAdikA

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262 jinavANI niyAmaka hai| ata eva dharma aura adharma amUrta hote huve bhI kArya karate hai, isameM zaMkAko sthAna nahIM haiN| dharma aura adharma zabda sAdhAraNataH naitika arthameM vyavahata hote hai, tathApi jaina darzanameM ve donoM dravya hai, donoM hI ajIva tattva hai / koI koI dharma aura adharmake ina donoM arthoM meM pArasparika saMbandha talAza karanekA yatna karate hai, usIkI AlocanA hama upasaMhArameM kareMge / dharma gatikA kAraNa hai aura adharma sthitikA kAraNa hai| naitika arthameM dharmake mAne puNyakarma aura adharmake mAne pApakarma hotA hai| kisI kisIke matAnusAra dharmakA " gatikAraNa" yaha tAttvika artha hI mUla aura prAcIna hai, pichese usImeMse dharmakA naitika artha nikalA hai| ve kahate haiM ki jIva dravya svabhAvataH hI uDDhagaI (Urdhvagati ) hai| arthAt vaha jisa aMzameM vizuddha svabhAvameM sthita hogA usa aMzameM usakI Urca gati hogI aura vaha utanA hI lokAnakI ora Age bddh'egaa| dharma yaha gatikAraNa hai; ataH sukhamaya UrdhvalokameM jAnemeM jIvako jo sahAyaka ho use dharma kaha sakate hai| isa ora phira pApasparzarahita puNyakarma karanese hI jIva UlokameM jA sakatA hai| ata eva jo "dharma" zabda pahile "jIvakI Urdhva gatimeM sahAyaka" isa arthako prakaTa karatA thA vaha zabda samaya bItane para puNyakarmavAcaka ho gyaa| isI prakAra adharma mUlataH 'jIvakI sthitimeM sahAyaka' isa arthakA dyotaka honese bAdameM una pApakarmoMkA vAcaka ho gayA ki jisase jIva saMsArameM baMdhA rahatA hai / isa matameM hamArI zraddhA nahIM hai| dharma aura adharmake tAtvika aura naitika arthoMmeM Upara jo sambandha sthApita karanekA prayatna

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263 jana darzanameM dharma aura adharma tatva kiyA gayA hai vaha na to yuktisaMgata ( Logical ) hI hai aura na hI kAlakramase milatA huA (chronological) hI hai| yaha bAta kisa prakAra yuktiyukta ho sakatI hai ki dharma jIvakI kevala svAbhAvika Urca gatimeM hI sahAyaka hai| jaina nameM to kahA gayA hai ki dharma hara prakArakI gatikA kAraNa hai| jisa prakAra vaha jIvakI gatimeM sahAyatA detA hai usI prakAra pudgalakI gatimeM bhI sahAyaka hai| hara prakArakI gatikA kAraNa dharma, kevala jIvakI Urdhva gatimeM hI sahAyatA kare, yaha kisa prakAra mAnA jA sakatA hai ? jaba jIva, jainasaMmata narakoM se kisI ekameM jAtA hai laba dharma, jIvakI usa adhogatimeM bhI sahAyatA detA hai aisA hama samajha sakate haiN| dharmatattva jisa prakAra Urdhva gatimeM sahAyaka hai usI prakAra adhogatimeM bhI sahAyatA detA hai / isI kAraNa dharma zabdake tAtvika artha 'gatikAraNa' ke sAtha usake naitika artha 'puNyakarma' kA koI sambandha nahIM ho sakatA / adharmake viSayameM bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki, yaha tattva jisa prakAra duHkhamaya saMsAra -athavA yantraNApUrNa nerakoMmeM jIvakI sthitiko saMbhavita banAtA hai usI prakAra vaha AnaMdadhAma UrvalokameM bhI jIvakI sthitiko saMbhavita karatA hai| ata eva sthitikAraNa adharmatattvake sAtha pApakarmarUpa adharmakA koI saMbandha nahIMho sktaa| isake atirikta yaha bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki puNyakarma karanemeM amuka prayatnazIlatA hotI hai aura pApakarmameM amuka jaDatA hotI hai, ata eva gatikAraNavAcaka dharma zabdake sAtha puNyakarmavAcaka dharma zabdakA sambandha hai, aura sthitikAraNavAcaka adharma zabdase pApakakarmavAcaka adharma zabdakA sambandha

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264 jinavANI 1 hai / jainadharmakI nItimeM hI nahIM apitu bhAratakI lagabhaga sabhI dharmanItiyoMmeM eka bAta mAnI gaI hai ki puNyavAna, sukarmI athavA dharmasAdhaka vyakti kriyAvAna na bhI ho / bhAratIya dharmanItimeM acaMcala sthiti yA ciragaMbhIra dhairyakI aneka sthAnoMmeM prazaMsA kI gaI hai / aura usIko sAdhanAkA mUla evaM lakSya kahA hai| isa dRSTise dekhate hue dharmakI apekSA adharma hI vizeSa dharmapoSaka hai aisA kaha sakate hai / saca bAta to yaha hai ki, gati-sthiti- kAraNarUpa dharma-adharma kI tAttvikatAkA svIkAra yaha jaina darzanako viziSTatA hai / ina zabdoMke naitika aura tAttvika artho meM saMbaMdha sthApita karanekA prayatna sarvathA vyartha pratIta hotA hai /

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