Siddha Saraswat

Author(s): Sudarshanlal Jain
Publisher: Abhinandan Granth Prakashan Samiti
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/035323/1

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siddha-sArasvata (rASTrapati sammAna se sammAnita) vidvadvareNya pro. sudarzana lAla jaina abhinandana-grantha citra pro. sudarzana lAla jaina baiThe hue

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siddha-sArasvata prophesara (DaoN.) sudarzana lAla jaina ke 75veM janma-divasa para prakAzita abhinandana grantha pradhAna sampAdaka pratiSThAprajJa paM. vimala kumAra jaina 'sorayA' sailasAgara, TIkamagaDha, madhyapradeza pro. pI.sI. jaina, jayapura DaoN. jayakumAra jaina, mujaphphara nagara pro. vijaya kumAra jaina, lakhanaU pro. vIra sAgara jaina, naI dillI sampAdaka maNDala pro. manulatA zarmA, vArANasI pro. gopabandhu mizra, somanAtha pro. sadAziva kumAra dvivedI, vArANasI pro. azoka kumAra jaina, vArANasI sampAdaka DaoN. paMkaja kumAra jaina, bhopAla saMyojaka DaoN.sarvajJadeva jaina, bhopAla saMyojaka paM. varddhamAna kumAra jaina sorayA, TIkamagar3ha prakAzaka abhinandana grantha prakAzana samiti vItarAgavANI TrasTa (raji.) saila sAgara, TIkamagar3ha (madhyapradeza)- 472001

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siddha-sArasvata prophesara (DaoN.) sudarzana lAla jaina abhinandana grantha patA - epha 3/103 globala grIna ekarsa earaporTa roDa, lAlaghATI, bhopAla (ma.pra.) 462030 mobA. 8085730800 preraNAsrota - pratiSThAcArya paM. vimala kumAra soMgyA prakAzana prasaMga - 75veM janmadivasa ke avasara para abhinandanIya prakAzana varSa - vI.ni.saM. 2545 I. san 2019 vi.saM. 2075 pratiyA~ - 500 sahayoga rAzi - 500/ prakAzaka vItarAgavANI TrasTa (raji.) saila sAgara, TIkamagar3ha (ma.pra.) 472001 mobA. 9407060670 akSarasaMyojana - zrI rohita pacaurI, bhopAla mudraka - vikAsa oNphaseTa prinTiMga, bhopAla prAptisthAna - vItarAgavANI TrasTa (raji.) saila sAgara, TIkamagar3ha (ma.pra.) 472001 mobA. 9407060670 III

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citra bhagavAn jI kA kuNDalapura bar3e bAbA IV

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prophesara (DaoN.) sudarzana lAla jaina ke Adarza evaM preraNA srota kSullaka 105 zrI gaNeza prasAda varNI kSullaka 105 zrI jinendra varNI guruvarya pro. siddhezvara bhaTTAcArya guruvarya paM. zrI jaganmohana lAla jI zAstrI paM. kailAzacandra jI zAstrI pro. vIrendra kumAra varmA mahAtmA gA~dhI jI mahAtmanA paM. madanamohana mAlavIya jI

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citra pro. sudarzana lAla jaina khar3I mudrA VI

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abhinandana grantha prakAzana samiti saMrakSaka svasti zrI bhaTTAraka cArukIrti jI mahAsvAmI, zravaNabelagolA svasti zrI bhaTTAraka cArukIrti jI, mUDabidrI zrImAn pradIpa jI Aditya, pUrva kendrIya mantrI, bhArata sarakAra zrI vimala kumAra jI jaina, pUrva satra nyAyAdhIsa, bhopAla adhyakSa zrI DaoN. vijaya kumAra jI caudharI, eDavokeTa, pUrva jaja, bhopAla upAdhyakSa zrI kapUracaMda jI pATanI, gauhATI zrImAn sureza jI jaina, AI.e.esa., bhopAla DaoN. jitendra jI jaina, bhopAla zrI zIlacaMda jI jaina, lacakayA, bhopAla DaoN. zrI jayakumAra jI jalaja, ratalAma zrI saMjIva kumAra jaina, lakhanaU zrI varddhamAna kumAra jaina sorayA, prAcArya, TIkamagar3ha ijI. DaoN. paMkaja jaina, jainanagara, bhopAla mahAmaMtrI zrI pramodakumAra jI jaina caudharI, eDavokeTa, bhopAla upamaMtrI zrI sureza sarala jI, jabalapura zrI sudhIra kumAra jaina, baharAIca zrI pro. kamaleza kumAra jaina, vArANasI zrImanta seTha zrIpAla jI jaina, varodiyA zrI mahendra kumAra jI jaina, iTiyAthoraka zrI DaoN. phUlacaMda jI premI, dillI saMyojaka zrI DaoN. sarvajJa deva jaina, bhopAla arihaMta zaraNa jaina, bilAsapura VII

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pradhAna sampAdaka pratiSThAprajJa paM. vimala kumAra jaina 'sorayA' sampAdaka maNDala pro. pI.sI. jaina, jayapura pro. manulatA zarmA, vArANasI DaoN. jayakumAra jaina, naI dillI pro. gopabandhu mizra, somanAtha pro. vijaya kumAra jaina, lakhanaU pro. sadAziva kumAra dvivedI, vArANasI sampAdaka pro. vIra sAgara jaina, naI dillI pro. azoka kumAra jaina, vArANasI DaoN. paMkaja kumAra jaina, bhopAla saMyojaka saMyojaka paM. varddhamAna kumAra jaina sorayA, TIkamagaDha DaoN. sarvajJadeva jaina, bhopAla VIII

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sampAdakIya suprasiddha vidvAn manISI pro. DaoN. sudarzanalAla jI jaina kA abhinandana grantha deza ke sahRdayI vidvAnoM evaM pUjya santoM ke karakamaloM meM samarpita karate hue ati prasannatA hai| vidvAnoM kI sevAoM ke itihAsa ko lipibaddha karane ke lie abhinandana grantha kA prakAzana nizcita rUpa se svAgata yogya hai| vidvAnoM kA jIvana unakA svayaM kA zrama evaM samAja kA jIvana adhika hotA hai| unake vicAroM kA unakI lekhanI meM samAja kA darzana milatA hai| terahavIM zatAbdI ke bAda bhaTTArakoM kA kAla AyA jaba deza ke vibhinna sthAnoM meM bhaTTArakoM kI gaddiyAM sthApita hone lagI thIM aura bhaTTArakagaNa apane apane pradeza ke sarvopari dhArmika adhikArI mAne jAne lage the| usa samaya ke bhaTTAraka eka ora pUjA vidhAna evaM pratiSThA samArohoM ke lie samAja meM ruci jAgrata karane lage to dUsarI ora unhoMne sAhitya pracAra kI ora dhyAna diyaa| bhaTTArakoM kA yaha yuga 18vIM zatAbdI taka calatA rhaa| isa yuga meM sabase adhika pUjA stotra sAhitya likhA gayA pariNAmataH samAja kA adhikAMza varga kriyAkANDa meM vyasta ho gyaa| isI samaya bhaTTArakoM ke virodha meM eka aura vidvat paramparA kA udaya huA jo Arambha meM adhyAtmI paMDita kahe jAte rahe phira teraha paMthI paMDita kahe jAne lge| mahAn vidvAn paM. ToDaramala jI isa paramparA ke pramukha paMDita the| vigata 80/90 varSoM se samAja kA paMDita varga sudhAraka evaM purAtana vicAradhAoM kA poSaka ina do bhAgoM meM baTA rhaa| uttara bhArata meM bhaTTAraka paramparA kI samApti ke bAda sAdhu saMsthA kA udaya huaa| cAritracakravarti AcArya zrI zAntisAgara jI mahArAja ne apane saMgha ke sAtha uttara bhArata meM vihAra kiyA to samAja ke adhikAMza paMDita unake sAtha ho ge| pariNAmataH samAja kA netRttva paMDitoM ke hAtha se nikala kara munirAjoM ke hAtha meM calA gyaa| parantu munirAjoM ko bhI paNDitoM ke sahAre kI AvazyakatA par3I, isalie ve bhI paMDitoM ko apane sAtha rakhane lage aura apane vicAroM ko paNDitoM ke mAdhyama se samAja meM pahu~cAne lge| pariNAmataH samAja meM vidvAnoM-sAhityakAroM evaM samAja seviyoM ke sammAna meM abhinaMdana grantha prakAzita karane kI eka paramparA cala par3I jisakA sabhI kSetroM meM svAgata kiyA gyaa| abhinandana granthoM ko vidvAnoM ne jainadharma evaM itihAsa kA eka saMdarbha grantha banAne kA prayAsa kiyaa| isa prayAsa kA bahuta saphala pariNAma sAmane aayaa| isake mAdhyama se samAja ko nayA jJAna prApta huA tathA zodhArthiyoM evaM vidvAnoM ko jaina dharma-sAhityasaMskRti kI gUr3ha paratoM ko kholane meM sahAyaka siddha huaa| prastuta abhinandana grantha ko bhI ina sabhI sandarbho meM sAkAratA dI gaI jise par3hakara samAja kA prabuddha varga apane Apako lAbhAnvita kara skegaa| unnIsavIM zatAbdI se hI santoM-vidvAnoM evaM zreSTha samAjaseviyoM ke sammAna meM abhinandana grantha athavA smRti grantha nikAlane kI paramparA kA janma huaa| sambhavataH sarvaprathama svanAmadhanya paM. nAthUrAmajI premI muMbaI kA abhinandana grantha prakAzita huA thaa| jisakA sampUrNa bhArata meM hArdika svAgata kiyA gyaa| isake pazcAt yazasvI zIrSa sAhityakAroM vidvAnoM pUjyAcAryoM evaM zreSTha samAjaseviyoM ke abhinandana grantha evaM smRtigranthoM kA prakAzana sAkAra hone lagA jo samAja saMskRti kI eka dharohara ke rUpa meM gaurAnvita hai| samAja ne evaM vidvAnoM ne isakA sadaiva svAgata kiyA hai| vidvAnoM ke sammAna kI paramparA 19 vIM zatAbdI se abhinandana granthoM ke rUpa meM sAkAra dekhI gaI hai| yadyapi jaba se vidyA kA Adara hai tabhI se vidvAnoM kI stuti hotI A rahI hai| nItikAroM ne bhI likhA hai 'svadeze pUjyate rAjA vidvAn sarvatra pUjyate' isa prakAra kI uktiyA~ likhakara sadaiva vidvAnoM kA abhinandana kiyA gayA hai| vidvAnoM ne hI sAhitya, dharma aura zramaNa saMskRti kI rakSA karate hue uttarottara samunnati kI ora le jAne kA bhAgIrathI zrama kiyA hai| eka sAdhaka apanI sAdhanA se jisa prakAra AtmA ko mokSa kA pAtra banA detA hai usI prakAra vidvAn bhI apanI avirala jJAna sAdhanA se samAja, saMskRti, dharma aura dharmAtmA ko unnati ke agramArga para le jAne meM mUla hetu rahA hai| vyakti se lekara rASTra taka jitane bhI AyAma haiM sabakI samunnati usa deza ke vidvAnoM para Azrita hai| kisI bhI rASTra kI cahuMmukhI samunnati kA mukhya hetu usakA sAhitya aura sAhityakAra hotA hai| bhAratadeza meM Aja bhI hajAroM varSoM ke pUrva ke vidvAnoM kA cintana Aja ke isa badalate hue vikAsavAdI yuga meM kyoM navInatA lie hue hai| isakA mukhya kAraNa hai ki unhoMne jisa viSaya para apanA cintana gaharAI taka le jAkara vastu ke tathya ko jaba taka prApta nahIM kara liyA taba taka apane cintana kI dhArA ko nirantara bar3hAte rhe| IX

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tathya aura satya ko prApta kara lene ke bAda use zabdoM ke rUpa meM prastuta karane kI apUrva kSamatA unameM thii| yahI kAraNa hai ki hajAroM bAra unakI vANI ko par3hane ke bAda bhI usameM cintana ke nae-nae svarUpa nirantara dekhane ko milate haiN| Aja ke vikAsavAdI vijJAna kA mUla AdhAra prAcIna mahApuruSoM ke cintana kA hI phala hai| jise Aja kA vijJAna prAyogika rUpa meM pratiphalita karatA hai| vidvAnoM ne jisa apUrva zrama sAdhanA ke dvArA jJAnArAdhanA kI pravRtti ko jitanI gaharAI taka apane mAnasa paTala para utAra kara use cintana kI gaharAI taka le gae aura usake abhUtapUrva prApta anubhava ko zabdoM ke dvArA prastuta karane kI jo kSamatA dikhAI vaha apane Apa meM maulika aura amaratva rUpa rahI hai| usase vyakti samAja aura rASTra ko Age bar3hane evaM jIvana dizA badalane tathA cintana ke AdhAra para svarUpa prApti meM agrasara hone kA jo sarvAMgINa rahasya sAmane AyA usakA hetu vidvAn hI rahe haiN| ataH sArvajanika rUpa meM aise cintanazIla vidvAnoM ke prati kRtajJatA jJApita karane kI jo bhI pravRttiyA~ vyakti, saMsthA, samAja, rAjya athavA rASTra dvArA apanAI gaIM ve sammAna kI zreNI meM samAhAra huiiN| vidvAnoM kI isa abhinandana paramparA ko dekhakara bIsavIM zatAbdI meM kucha aise vyaktiyoM ko bhI isa paramparA kA sAkAra rUpa banAyA, jinhoMne samAja-rASTra yA anya saMsthA Adi kI sevA kara apane jIvana ke bahubhAga kSaNoM ko bitaayaa| aisA abhinandana jahA~ dUsaroM ko preraNA dene kA pratIka bana sakatA hai to abhinaMdita ke prati usake kRtitva kI kRtajJatA kA rUpa mAnA jA sakatA hai| kintu vidvAn kA jo abhinandana hai vaha kisI kI preraNA ke lie athavA usake kRtitva kI kRtajJatA jJApita karane ke lie nahIM hotA hai balki usakI sAdhanA kI pUjA ke pratIka ke rUpa meM use samAhita kiyA jAtA hai| nItikAra ne eka jagaha isa hetu se likhA hai - vidvAneva hi jAnAti vidvjjn-prishrmm| na hi bandhyA vijAnAti gurvI prsvvednaam|| arthAt vidvAn ke parizrama ko vidvAn hI jAna sakatA hai jisa prakAra prasava kI vedanA ko prasava karane vAlI strI anubhava kara sakatI hai, vandhyA mahilA nhiiN| aise vidvAnoM ke abhinandana kI isa gaurava paramparA meM DaoN. sudarzana lAla jaina kA jo sArvajanika rUpa se abhinandana grantha ke dvArA sammAna kiyA jA rahA hai vaha inake jJAnArAdhana pUrvaka sAdhaka jIvana se prApta preraNA prakAzapuJjoM kA vandana hai| unhoMne cintana kI gaharAiyoM meM gote lagAkara usase prApta anubhUta maNiyoM kI usa divyatA kI yaha pUjA hai jisake Aloka se vartamAna digambara jaina samAja ko jahA~ dizAbodhatA kA svarUpa to dikhA hI sAtha hI jinavANI ke vikRta svarUpa meM sAmpradAyikatA kI athavA paMthavAda kI durgandha pratibhASita huii| pariNAmata: vyakti se lekara samAja ne apanI asaliyata cetanA kI aMgar3AI lI aura tathya ke satya ko jAnane kA upakrama kiyaa| aise mAnavIya guNoM se alaMkRta mahAmAnava kI parigaNanA meM samAhArita DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI kA yaha abhinandana grantha yugoM yugoM taka hameM apane karttavya se jahA~ sajaga to karegA hI patha se pathabhraSTa hone se bhI bcaaegaa| pro. DaoN. sudarzanalAla jI ne tulanAtmaka dRSTi se anya dArzanika granthoM se jainAgama kI jo utkarSatA, zreSThatA tathA vaijJAnikatA darzAI hai vaha prabhAvaka evaM bejor3a hai| hindI sAhitya ke sAtha hI Apa saMskRta-prAkRta-pAli aura aMgrejI bhASA ke niSNAta vidvAn to haiM hI vyAkaraNa, kAvya, sAhitya, veda, bhASAvijJAna ke aparimeya jJAtA bhI haiN| sAtha hI bauddha, vedAMta, sAMkhya tathA mImAMsA Adi bhAratIya darzanoM ke vilakSaNa vidvAn tathA pAzcAtya darzanoM ke jJAtA uccakoTi ke lekhaka saphala prabuddha sAhityakAra haiN| Apake isa saMdarbha meM saikar3oM zodhAlekha deza kI aneka zodhaparaka khyAtiprApta patrikAoM tathA abhinandana granthoM meM prakAzita haiN| sarvaprathama uccazikSA prApta kara Apa hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI meM vyAkhyAtA ke pada para niyukta hue| apanI vilakSaNa jJAna pratibhA evaM prazAsanika utkRSTa kSamatA ke kAraNa rIDara bane pazcAt prophesara ke gauravazAlI pada para kArya karate hue aneka chAtroM ko pI-eca.DI. kI upAdhi pradAna karAne meM apanI gaurava jJAna pratibhA kA paricaya diyaa| ApakI prakhara vidvattA, utkRSTa prazAsanika kSamatA ko prastuta karane ke kAraNa bhArata ke mahAmahima rASTrapati dvArA Apako rASTrIya stara para puraskRta kara sammAnita kiyA gyaa| sevA nivRtti ke bAda madhyapradeza kI gaurava rAjadhAnI bhopAla meM Apane apanA sthAI nivAsa bnaayaa| bhopAla meM rahakara yahA~ kI samAja ko bhI apanI vilakSaNa pratibhA se prabhAvita kara rahe haiN| bhopAla pravAsa ke samaya jaba maiMne 10/15 sAthI zreSTha vidvAnoM ke bIca AdaraNIya DaoN. sudarzanalAla jI ke saMdarbha

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meM carcA kI to sabhI ne hArdika abhivyakti pradAna kI ki aise zreSTha vidvAn ko avazya abhinandana grantha se sammAnita honA caahie| vidvAnoM kI bhAvanAoM ko par3hakara maiMne apane vItarAgavANI TrasTa rajisTarDa ke TrasTiyoM kI mITiMga meM aise zreSTha vidvAn ke sammAna meM abhinandana grantha prakAzaka kA prastAva rakhA to sabhI ne ekamata se svIkRti pradAna kI jise maiMne vItarAgavANI mAsika patrikA meM prakAzita kara deza ke yazasvI vidvAnoM, sAhitya manISiyoM, kavigaNoM evaM pratiSThita jainoM se sAhityika sahayoga dene kI apIla kii| mujhe likhate hue apAra prasannatA hai ki mAtra 4 mAha meM mujhe itanI sAmagrI prApta ho gaI ki maiM sahajatA se DaoN. sAhaba kA abhinandana grantha prakAzita karane meM saphala ho skaa| yaha DaoN. sAhaba kI samAja evaM vidvat varga meM unakI lokapriyatA kA pramANa hai| DaoN. zrI sudarzana lAla jaina jI ke sammAna meM prakAzita ho rahe isa abhinandana grantha se DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI kA mAtra abhinandana hI nahIM ho rahA apitu samAja, dharma aura jaina saMskRti kA sammAna bhI ho rahA hai| isa abhinandita ke abhinandana se svayaM apane Apa maiM abhinaMdita ho gyaa| grantha sampAdana ke kArya meM hamAre sampAdaka maNDala ke zreSTha suyogya vidvAnoM kA hameM paryApta sujhAva aura sahayoga milA sampAdana kA kArya bar3A durUha aura zramasAdhya hotA hai| jisase hamAre sAthI sampAdakoM ne grantha kI sarvAMgINa saurabhatA ko mahakAyA hai| grantha kI upayogitA kI dRSTi se isakI sAmagrI cayana karane meM jo bhI mahattvapUrNa acchAI hai usa kA zreya hamAre sampAdaka maNDala kA hai| vizeSakara DaoN. paMkaja kumAra jI jaina, prabaMdha sampAdaka ke athaka zrama aura sahayoga ke prati vizeSa rUpa se kRtajJatA jJApita karatA huuN| apane sAthI sampAdaka maNDala ke vidvAnoM ke prati vinamratA pUrvaka AbhAra vyakta karatA hU~ jinakA mArgadarzana sAhityika avadAna hameM sulabhatA se prApta ho skaa| ina sabhI sAhityakAra lekhakoM ke prati bhI sahRdayatA vyakta karatA hU~ jinake gauravazAlI zodhalekha hameM grantha meM prakAzanArtha prApta hue| sundara kampojiMga ke lie zrI rohita jI pacaurI tathA AdaraNIya zrI vikAsa jI jaina godhA ke prati vinamratA pUrvaka AbhAra vyakta karatA hU~ jinhoMne grantha kA gauravazAlI mudraNa kara hameM sahayoga diyaa| anta meM kahanA cAhU~gA ki - parama upAsaka sarasvatI ke jinakA nAma sudarzana hai| boleM to misarI sI gholeM, vANI meM AkarSaNa hai|| vividha vidyAoM ke jJAtA haiM anupama jinakA darzana hai| ina pAvana belA para unakA bAra-bAra abhinandana hai|| sailasAgara caurAhA TIkamagar3ha (ma.pra.) 472001 pratiSThAcArya paM. vimalakumAra sorayA pUrva prAcArya, zA.saM. mahAvidyAlaya TIkamagar3ha, madhyapradeza pradhAna sampAdaka va sampAdaka maNDala XI

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viSayAnukramaNikA prathama sopAna : zubhAzaMsAe~ evaM saMsmaraNa (ka) AcArya, muni, AryikA, kSullaka evaM bhaTTAraka - pR.saMkhyA 1. pa.pU. santaziromaNi AcAryazrI 108 vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. rASTrasaMta siddhAnta cakravartI AcArya zrI 108 vidyAnanda mahArAja pa.pU. AcAryazrI 108 varddhamAna sAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. gaNAcAryazrI 108 virAga sAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. AcAryazrI 108 vizuddhasAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. sarAkoddhAraka AcAryazrI 108 jJAnasAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. paTTAcArya zrI 108 anekAnta sAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. vaijJAnika saMta AcAryazrI 108 nirbhayasAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. AcAryazrI 108 vivekasAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. upAdhyAya 108 udayasAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. munipuMgava zrI 108 sudhA sAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. muni zrI 108 yoga sAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. muni zrI 108 pramANa sAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. muni zrI 108 samatA sAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. muni zrI 108 abhaya sAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. muni zrI 108 saMbhava sAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. muni zrI 108 suvrata sAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. muni zrI 108 pArasa sAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. muni zrI 108 zreyAMsa sAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. muni zrI 108 kunthu sAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. muni zrI 108 pramukha sAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. muni zrI 108 pArzva sAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. muni zrI 108 sandhAna sAgara jI mahArAja pa.pU. zrI 105 AryikA gaNanI pramukha jJAnamati mAtA jI evaM candanAmati mAtA jI pa.pU. zrI 105 AryikA vijJAnamati mAtA jI evaM Adityamati mAtA jI pa.pU. zrI 105 AryikA saMbhavamati mAtA jI pa.pU. zrI 105 AryikA 105 svastibhUSaNa mAtA jI pa.pU. zrI 105 kSullaka dhyAna sAgara jI mahArAja svasti zrI cArukIrti bhaTTAraka, zravaNabelagola svasti zrI cArukIrti bhaTTAraka, mUDavidrI svasti zrI devendra kIrti bhaTTAraka, humacA svasti zrI lakSmIsena bhaTTAraka jvAlAmAlinI XII

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saMdeza (kha) rAjanetA, vidvAn evaM samAja - AnandI bena paTela, rAjyapAla (madhyapradeza) saMdeza - prakAza jAvar3ekara A dedicated sholar - pro. satyavrata zAstrI, naI dillI zubhAzaMsA - padmazrI pro. bhAgIratha prasAda tripAThI, vAgIzaH, vArANasI zubhAzaMsA - pro. rAdhAvallabha tripAThI, pUrvakulapati, bhopAla maMgala-bhAvanA - pro. rAkeza bhaTanAgara, kulapati, bI.eca.yU. maMgala-bhAvanA - pro. rameza kumAra pANDeya, kulapati, naI dillI prazaMsanIya aura anukaraNIya vyaktitva - pro. veNImAdhava prasAda zukla, pUrvakulapati, gorakhapura, vArANasI anuzaMsA - pro. revAprasAda dvivedI, vArANasI anuzaMsA - pro. gopabandhu mizra, kulapati, somanAtha zubhakAmanA saMdeza - padmazrI pro. rAmazaGkara tripAThI, vArANasI bhAvi pIr3hI ke lie tarjanIvat - pro. e. araviMdAsana, pUrvakulapati, vardhA pANDityapUrNa vyaktitva evaM zodhakartAoM ke hRdaya samrATa - pratiSThAcArya paM. vimala sorayA, TIkamagar3ha jainadarzana ke marmajJa vidvAn aura bundelakhaNDa ke ratna - DaoN. hukumacanda bhArilla, jayapura kathanI karanI kI ekarUpatA ke Adarza - pro. sAgara mala jaina, zAjApura hArdika abhinandana - pro. rAmacandra pANDeya, vArANasI zuklapakSIya-candravadudAtta-zubhacaritam - pro. dharmadatta caturvedI, sAranAtha sudarzanAbhidhAnaH saH sarvaguNavicakSaNaH - pro. bhAgacanda jaina 'bhAgendu' damoha siddhasArasvatasyAbhinandanam - pro. kusuma paTorayA, nAgapura ojasvI mIThI vANI kA jJAna-bhaNDAra - paM. javAhara lAla jaina, bhiNDara, udayapura AtmaprazaMsA se dUra samarpita manISI - DaoN. anupama jaina, indaura vaiduSya aura sadAzayatA kI mUrti - pro. mArutinandana tivArI, vArANasI nArikelasama svabhAvI - pro. zrImatI annapUrNA zukla, vArANasI vidvadvareNya pro. sudarzana lAla jaina - pro. DaoN. jayakumAra jaina sAmariyA, vArANasI prAcyavidyA manISI - pro. premasumana jaina evaM DaoN. zrImatI saroja jaina, udayapura sarala evaM sahaja vyaktitva ke dhanI - DaoN. rInA jaina 'veda' jayapura vande guruM siddha-sArasvatam - DaoN. pratApa zAstrI, bhopAla saumyamUrti gurudeva pro. sudarzana lAla jaina - DaoN. narendra kumAra jaina, gAjiyAbAda jaina jagata ke gaNamAnya bahuzruta vyakti - pro. hukama canda jaina, udayapura vidyAvyasanI prAcyabhASAvid - pro. dharmacanda jaina, jodhapura sudarzanASTakam - DaoN. zrImatI rAkA jaina, lakhanaU variSTha vidvAnoM ke guru. pro.0 - pro. anekAnta kumAra jaina, naI dillI mere sahapAThI kI vividha kSetroM meM U~cI uDAna - pro. dharmacanda jaina, kurukSetra sAdA jIvana ucca vicAra - DaoN. zItala canda jaina, jayapura saralatA aura sahajatA kI pratimUrti - DaoN. zrIprakAza pANDeya, vArANasI sArasvata vidvAn : eka Adarza vibhUti - DaoN. akhila baMzala, jayapura saumya aura adbhuta pratibhA ke dhanI - DaoN. aravinda jaina, bhopAla vidvat gaurava hamAre Adarza - DaoN. jyoti bAbU jaina, udayapura XIII

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prazAsana meM tvarita samAdhAna kSamatA - pro. bihArI lAla tripAThI, vArANasI bahu AyAmI vyaktitva ke dhanI - DaoN. sunIla kumAra jaina 'saMcaya' lalitapura eka saumya evaM karmaniSTha vyaktitva - DaoN. viveka pANDeya, haMDiyA kIrtiryasya sa jIvati - DaoN. paramezvaradatta zukla, vArANasI saralatA aura vinamratA ke amUlya AbhUSaNa - pro. vIrasAgara jaina, naI dillI dhIra-gambhIra aura zAnta svabhAvI - pro. azoka kumAra jaina, ruDakI praNati-tatayaH - pro. mAdhava janArdhana raTATe, vArANasI saphala zikSaka evaM kuzala prazAsaka - pro. zukadeva bhoI, naI dillI vidvatpariSad ke gaurava - DaoN. surendra kumAra jaina 'bhAratI', burahAnapura AcArya sudarzana lAla jaina - pro. pradyumna dube, vArANasI prAcya bhASAoM ke manISI vidvAn - DaoN. RSabha canda jaina phaujadAra, vaizAlI eka mRdubhASI suhRd vidvAn - pro. ramezacandra gupta, vArANasI naI pIr3hI ke mArgadarzaka - zrI zAnti kumAra pATila, jayapura kuzala zodha-nirdezaka - DaoN. vivekAnanda jaina, vArANasI zraddhAvAn labhate jJAnam - pro. sadAziva kumAra dvivedI, vArANasI Passing the Batom of Knowledge - pro. pataJjali mizra, vArANasI Eminent Honourable - pro. zubhacandra jaina, maisUra Maintaining the Hindu Snaskriti in his Family - muralI koTTe, amerikA Nature of simplicity and Hardwork - pro. kamala zIla, vArANasI Well known Scholar - pro. vizvezvara bhaTTAcArya evaM DaoN. ziprA bhaTTAcArya, vArANasI Outstanding and BrilliantAcademician - pro. DI.ena. tivArI, vArANasI 91. Amicable in nature and Hardwork - Dr. T.S. Giriprakash, Madurai sarvaviduSAmabhinandanIyAH - pro. dAmodara zAstrI, lADanUM eka vilakSaNa vyaktitva - pro. pI.sI.jaina, jayapura Apake vaiduSya evaM saralatA ko namana - zrI pramoda caudharI eDavokeTa, bhopAla ApakA abhinandana grantha preraNA stambha bane ___- DaoN. premacanda rAMvakA, jayapura jJAnasUryasama avalokita - zrI mahendra jaina evaM zrImatI zazi jaina siddha sArasvata pro. sudarzana lAla jI : yathA nAma tathA guNa - DaoN. nihAla canda jaina, bInA zrI gurave namaH - DaoN. zrImatI uSA varmA virATa vyaktitva ke dhanI pro. sudarzana lAla jI - DaoN. paMkaja kumAra jaina 'lalita' bhopAla anupama preraNAspada vyaktitva - DaoN. santoSa kumAra jaina, sIkara prazAsanika ucca pada para kAryarata logoM ke lie preraNA srota - pro. umAdevI jozI, vArANasI jaina vidyAnurAgI vidvAn - pro. zreyAMsa siMghaI, jayapura siddha sarasvatI ke sArasvata varadaputra - paM. zivacaraNa lAla jaina, mainapurI 104. jaina vidvAnoM kI paramparA ke daidIpyamAna bhAskara - DaoN. zreyAMsa kumAra jaina, baDauta 105. mere vidyAguru aura abhibhAvaka - pro. azoka kumAra jaina, vArANasI 106. somanassa sambandho - pro. harizaMkara zukla, vArANasI 107. hamAre mArgadarzaka - pro. vijaya kumAra jaina, lakhanaU 07 102. 103. XIV

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108. pAtrasnehI parArthakRt guruvara - DaoN. jayakumAra jaina, mujaphpharanagara 109. DIna ke rUpa meM aneka kIrtimAna sthApita kiye- pro. kamala kumAra jaina, naI dillI 110. AlocanA aura chidrAnveSaNa se dUra - zrI dhruvakumAra jaina evaM zrImatI saritA jaina, vArANasI 111. sambandhoM meM nizchala AtmIyatA - DaoN. abhaya kumAra jaina, sAranAtha 112. merA bhI sAdara praNAma - DaoN. rameza candra jaina, bijanaura 113. paNDitapravara ko jaisA maiMne anubhava kiyA - DaoN. Ara. ke. jaina, koTA 114. AlocakoM ko bhI bhakta banAne kI adbhuta kSamatA- pro. narendra kumAra jaina, sAmariyA,vArANasI hamAre Adarza uccatara kIrtimAna sparzakartA - pro. kamaleza kumAra jaina, vArANasI 116. vidvattA, dharmavatsalatA aura udAratA kA saMgama - paM. khemacanda jaina, jabalapura 117. aneka prajJAoM ke saMgama - pro. ratanacanda jaina, bhopAla 118. AtmIya suhRd Apa bahuta yAda Ate ho - DaoN. premacanda jaina, najIbAbAda 119. hamAre agrajakalpa AdaraNIya bhAIsAhaba - pro. phUlacandra jaina premI, vArANasI 120. yazasvI vidvAn evaM zikSAvid - sva. DaoN. narendra prakAza jaina, phirojAbAda eka sAkSAtkAra vidvadvareNya - DaoN. zrImatI jyoti jaina, khataulI 122. sArasda-vareNNo - pro. udayacanda jaina, udayapura 123. ziSyAH sadA namantisma tAnhi praNata mAnasA - pro. muralI manohara pAThaka, gorakhapura 124. gagana ke prakhara prakAza puJja - kavi surendra jaina 'sarasa' bhopAla 125. kartavyaniSTha evaM samanvayavAdI vicAraka - zrI vimala kumAra jaina, vArANasI 126. vidvadvareNya ke prati mera antas bhAva - zrI saMtoSa kumAra jaina, bhopAla 127. amerikA meM pravacana-prabhAvanA - zrI azoka jaina evaM zrImatI rekhA seThI 128. bahu AyAmI vyaktitva ke dhanI - DaoN. vikAsa evaM zrImatI vandanA caudharI, udayapura 129. athAha vaiduSya ke dhanI tathA zikSArthiyoM ke prati udAravRtti - paM. saMjIva kumAra, lalitapura 130. sabase premabhAva - DaoN. omaprakAza siMha, vArANasI 131. samAdaraNIya baiMka khAtA dhAraka - zrI viveka tivArI, bhopAla sumati sudhA zruta-saMvarddhaka - pratiSThAcArya pavana kumAra 'dIvAna' murainA 133. hama sabake cahete paM. jI - zrI multAna canda jaina, bhopAla pASANa-kaNikA se hIrA bane - pro. zIlacanda jaina, varuAsAgara 135. sIdhI-sIdhI bAta karate haiM - paM. kezarI mala jaina, bhopAla pUjA-vidhAna meM philmI saMgIta meM aruci - zrI saMtoSa kumAra jaina, bhopAla jainAgama ke gUDharahasya pratipAdaka - zrImatI rAnI jaina, bhopAla 138. sarvaguNarUpI ratnoM kI khAna - zrImatI kalpanA jaina, bhopAla 139. - paM. sudarzana jaina, piMDaraI, maNDalA 140. RSitulya mahAmAnava - DaoN. saMtoSa kumAra pANDeya, harahuA vidvAnoM kI zRGkhalA meM stambha puruSa - pratiSThAratna paM. sureza canda jaina, damoha gurudeva ko praNAma - DaoN. jayA mizrA, vArANasI 143. stutya aura cirasmaraNIya vyaktitva - paM. sanat kumAra jaina, khimalAsA dezabhakta manISI - zrI vijaya kumAra malaiyA, damoha jaina jagata ke gaurava - zrI anUpa canda jaina, eDavokeTa, ilAhAbAda 146. sarasvatI basI kaMTha meM hokara sarasavatI - paM. kavi lAlacanda rAkeza, bhopAla 147. eka cumbakIya vyaktitva - zrI padmacanda jaina, bhopAla 132. 134. 136. 141. 142. 144. 145. XV

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152. 153. 159. 160. 148. niSpahI dRDha siddhAntavAdI - iMji. dineza jaina, bhopAla 149. abhinandanIya vyaktitva - DaoN. sarvajJadeva jaina bhopAla 150. vandanIya paM. jI - zrI nIla caudharI eDavokeTa, bhopAla 151. sarasvatI evaM saralatA kA virala saMgama - zrI rAjIva jaina, bhopAla Adarza puruSa - I. viveka caudharI, bhopAla jainadarzana ke adhikArI vidvAn - paM. sureza jaina, mAraurA 154. yazasvI vyaktitva - prAcArya paM. varddhamAna kumAra jaina sorayA, TIkamagar3ha 155. gaurava garimA ke pratIka - DaoN. arahaMta zaraNa jaina, bilAsapura 156. saMskAravAn patnI ke sahabhAgI - zrImatI milI jaina, bhopAla 157. mere dAdA guru DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI - zrImatI mInA jaina, udayapura 158. avismaraNIya saMsmaraNa - DaoN. mukeza jaina, kalakattA Ane vAlA kala bhI gAyegA paM. jI kI gAthA - paM. munnAlAla zAstrI, gaMjabAsodA vidvAnoM ke nirmAtA - DaoN. mukeza jaina 'vimala' dillI 161. vidvajjagat meM sarvopari pratiSThA - DaoN. saMjaya jaina, bhopAla 162. niSkAma nirlobhavRtti - DaoN. nIrajAkAnta pANDeya, mIrajApura 163. hamAre sahapAThI Aja bhI sarala prakRti haiM - zrI nemIcanda jaina bhopAla 164. zrutasevaka vidvAn manISI - kavi candrasena jaina, bhopAla 165. jinavANI ke siddhAntoM se samajhautA asvIkAra - zrI ajaya jyotiSI, bhopAla 166. pratiSThA, upAsanA aura vidyAnurAga premI - zrImatI DaoN. zobhA mizrA, lakhanaU 167. buMdelakhaNDa kI mahAn vibhUti - DaoN. manISa kumAra jaina, vArANasI 168. anukaraNIya vyaktitva - zrI prabhAta kumAra jaina, bhopAla 169. jJAna jyoti dinakara kA abhinandana - DaoN. arahanta zaraNa jaina, bilAsapura 170. vidyAvyasanI - zrImatI gajarAdevI jaina, TIkamagar3ha pitA kI chavi dekhI - DaoN. priyaGkA, ilAhAbAda 172. jaina AgamoM ke gUDha rahasyoM ke udghATaka - zrI vinoda jaina, bhopAla 173. jinavANI ke gahana adhyetA - ku. sapanA jaina, 174. vAtsalya mUrti manISI - zrI aruNa jaina, bhopAla zrutArAdhaka kA abhinandana - zrI padmacandra jaina, jainanagara, bhopAla (ga) adhyayana-adhyApana kAla meM prApta hamAre smRtizeSa gurujanoM ke AzIrvAda - 175. Keen sense of responsibility - pro. siddhezvara bhaTTAcArya, bI.eca.yU. 176. Devoted to his studies - DaoN. DI.sI. guhA, bI.eca.yU. 177. Devoted to his studies - pro. ena. ke. telaGga, bI.eca.yU. 178. adhyayana priya evaM samAja sevI - pro. vIrendra kumAra varmA, bI.eca.yU. 179. Intelligent and Promissing Person - pro. vIramaNi prasAda upAdhyAya, bI.eca.yU Studied Indian and European Philosophy- pro. Ara.Ara. draviDa, bI.eca.yU. 181. vinamra, honahAra aura adhyavasAyI - paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI, syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya buddhimAn evaM vinayazIla - paM. darabArI lAla koThiyA, bI.eca.yU. 183. viSaya-pratipAdana zailI uttama - paM. hIrAvallabha zAstrI, bI.eca.yU. 184. vidvAn bhI mugdha ho jAte haiM - paM. mUlazaGkara zAstrI, bI.eca.yU. 185. sarala aura vidyA vyasanI svabhAva - paM. pI.ena. paTTAbhirAmazAstrI, saM.saM.vi.vi.vArANasI 186. na kevalaM nAmnA sudarzana: - paM. mahAdevazAstrI, bI.eca.yU. 180. Sius 182. XVI

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(gha) parivAra aura riztedAroM kI kalama se - 187. vivAhoparAnta pati ke sAtha jIvana yAtrA - DaoN. manoramA jaina, bhopAla 188. mere sabase acche mAtA-pitA - DaoN. sandIpa kumAra jaina, amerikA 189. My Father is Respectable Personality - zrI saMjaya kumAra jaina, amerikA 190. sabase acche mammI-pApA - zrI abhiSeka kumAra jaina, mumbaI 191. A Nobel Personality - DaoN. manISA jaina, bhopAla 192. mAtA-pitA tulya mere sAsa-sasura - zrImatI arcanA jaina, amerikA 193. My Father-in-law is an Example of the Hard work-DaoN. AratI jaina, AmerikA 194. mere sAsa-sasura mere mAtA-pitA - zrImatI nIlU jaina, muMbaI 195. paNDitapravara sudarzana lAla jI jayavanta raheM - zrI jinezvara kumAra jaina, korabA 196. AdaraNIya sAvajI sAhaba ko badhAI - zrI saMtoSa kumAra jaina, zahaDola himagiri sama unnata lalATa - zrI nandana lAla zAstrI, jabalapura 198. saMskRta-prAkRta ke purodhA mere apane mAmA jI - zrI suzIla kumAra jaina, jabalapura 199. harSa evaM garva kI anubhUti - pramoda jaina, jabalapura 200. My most memorable visit to my Dadaji's (Dean's)Office- ku. arcitA jaina, amerikA 201. Dadaji is still in touch with his inner child - ku. saMjitA jaina, amerikA 202. Discipline Nature - zrI RSabha jaina, pUnA 197. dvitIya sopAna : sva jIvana vRtta (maiM kauna hU~) prArambhika saMsmaraNa pR.saMkhyA [pUrvaja (), zAhagar3ha se damoha Agamana (), merI adhyayana-adhyApana yAtrA (), sevAnivRtti ke bAda (), pitA sva. zrI siddhelAla jaina kI vaMzAvalI (), mere mAtA-pitA kI jIvana yAtrA (), pitA jI dvArA apanI bahina, bhAI aura svayaM kA vivAha (), pitA jI kI santAneM unakA janma aura mAtA jI kA svargavAsa (), beTiyoM kA tathA merA vivAha (O] DIna ke rUpa meM kArya saMskRta vibhAgAdhyakSa ke rUpa meM kArya DAyarekTara ke rUpa meM kArya a.bhA.di.jaina vidvatpariSad ke maMtrI ke rUpa meM kArya pramukha ghaTanAe~ _ [kaise jIvana kI dizA badalI (), bhaktAmara kA camatkAra (), viparIta dizA kI Trena meM baiThA (), devadUta AyA (), Trena yAtrI ke paise TI.TI. se vApisa dilavAe (), TI.TI. se patnI ke paise vApisa dilavAe (), parIkSA ke daurAna guMDe kI dhamakI (), parIkSA sambandhI anya ghaTanA (), vizvavidyAlaya ko anizcitakAlIna bandI se bacAyA (), cIpha prAkTara ko chAtrAvAsa meM phorsa ke sAtha Ane se rokA (), adhyApaka ko chAtrahita meM samajhAyA (), chAtroM dvArA sammAna (), mITiMga meM punaH jAkara chAtra ko DigrI dilavAI (), praveza-prakriyA meM eka adhyApikA kA aDaMgA (), vibhAgIya kucha adhyApakoM ke virodha se vibhinna viSayoM kA jJAtA banA (), sevAnivRtti para no DyUja kulapati dvArA (), rAtri bhojana tyAga kA phala (), jIvana kI dizA badalane vAle nimitta ()] anya ghaTanAe~ [gaMgA nadI meM kUdA (), sAikila durghaTanA (), basa durghaTanA (), jhUThe mArapITa ke kesa meM phaMsAyA (), putra ne DakaitoM kA sAmanA kiyA (), putrI kI Trena bIca meM radda huI (),corI kA dhana vApasa pAyA (), bImAriyA~ - motIjharA, choTI bar3I mAtA, hAIDrosila oNparesana skUTara eksIDeMTa, hRdaya kI vAyapAsa sarjarI, motiyAbinda Aparezana, sAITikA Adi (), putra, pitA jI tathA sAsu jI ke Aparezana Adi karAe (), sAsa ko apanI mA~ mAnakara unakI sevA kI aura raktadAna kiyA (O] XVII

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amerikA aura siMgApura yAtrAe~ pUjA Adi dhArmika kriyAe~ parivAra ke sadasyoM kA mokSamArga kI ora kadama svataMtratA saMgrAma meM yogadAna merI patnI manoramA aura unakI mAtA jI hamArI yojanAe~ sporTsa meM abhiruci parivAra meM paraspara premabhAva mere AtmIya jinakI vizeSa yAda AtI hai| saMkSipta kRtitva evaM vyaktitva _ [parivAra (), zaikSaNika yogyatA (), zikSA saMsthAna (), adhyApana (), zodha-nirdezana (),sammAna puraskAra (), prakAzita grantha (), prazAsanika evaM zaikSika pada (), viSaya-vizeSajJa ke rUpa meM AmantraNa (), paryuSaNa parva evaM mahAvIra janyatI para viziSTa vyAkhyAna evaM sammAna (), saMgoSThI evaM kAryazAlA - adhyakSatA, mukhyavaktA, udghATana kartA, patravAcaka tathA saMyojaka (), AkAzavANI se saMskRta vArtAyeM (O] prakAzita lekhoM kI sUcI pI-eca.DI. upAdhi prApta lekhoM kI sUcI vatIya sopAna : sAhitya sajana pR.saMkhyA pro. sudarzana lAla jaina jI dvArA likhita Alekha - viSaya 1. jainadarzana meM bhakti kyoM aura kaise ? bhAratIya cintana meM Atma tattva : eka samIkSA bhAratIya cintana meM mokSa tattva : eka samIkSA triratna meM samyagdarzana kA sthAna sAMkhyadarzana aura jaina darzana : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana sAMkhya aura jainadarzana meM Izvara jaina zramaNa saMskRti kI prAcInatA evaM vaidika saMskRti yajJa : eka anucintana pArzvanAtha ke siddhAnta : digambara aura zvetAmbara dRSTi sabhI virodhoM kA samAdhAna : anekAntavAda evaM syAdvAda prAyazcitta tapa AhAra-vihArAdi meM utsarga-apavAdamArga kA samanvaya (AcArya kundakunda kI dRSTi meM) jaina sAhitya meM zrI hanumAn mahAvIra kI dRSTi meM jAti, veSa, liGga Adi kA kitanA mahattva ? tIrthaGkara cihna : eka anuzIlana bhagavAn mahAvIra kA jIvana sandeza aura vartamAna yuga AcArya kundakunda ke darzana meM nizcaya aura vyavahAra naya 18. jaina aura bauddha dharma-darzanoM meM sAmya-vaiSamya ikkIsavIM zatAbdI aura zramaNAcAra : eka maulika cintana XVIII

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20. Ao khojeM : saMsAra kI vastuyeM kisa tattva se banI haiM va karma siddhAnta (jaina siddhAntoM kA bAlanATya vidhA se kathana) kina kAryoM se kisa karma kA bandha hotA hai dazalakSaNa yA payUSaNa parva jainadharma kI aitihAsikatA dIpAvalI NamokAra mantra AtmA kI vaibhAvikI zakti dakSiNa bhArata meM jaina dharma jainadharma kevala nivRtti pradhAna nahIM hai samanvayAtmaka pravRtti pradhAna bhI hai tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha aura unake dasa bhava upavAsa zvetAmbara aura digambara paramparAoM meM antara zrAvaka aura zramaNa kI pratimAe~ Is peaceful co-existence possible through Jainism How do Digambaras and Svetambaras perform their worship (puja)jainadarzana meM zabdArtha sambandha pramANa-svarUpa (prathama bhAga) pramANa-svarUpa meM svApUrvArtha vicAra (dvitIya bhAga) paryAyeM kramabaddha bhI hotI haiM, akramabaddha bhI : eka samIkSA zvetAmbara jaina Agama aura Agamika vyAkhyA sAhitya aGga AgamoM ke viSayavastu sambandhI ullekhoM kA zvetAmbara aura digambara AgamoM ke AdhAra para tulanAtmaka adhyayana sarvapallI DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan kI dRSTi meM jainadarzana : eka samIkSA jaina Agama granthoM kA lipikaraNa parIkSAmukha : eka parizIlana AcArya haribhadrasUri aura unakI dharmasaMgrahaNI paM. AzAdhara kI sarvatomukhI pratibhA aura unakA sAgAra dharmAmRta AcArya prabhAcandra jayodaya meM varNita padalAlitya vIrodaya (mahAvIracarita) kAvya meM RtuvarNana paM. mahendra kamAra nyAyAcArya-sampAdita nyAyakumudacandra kA sampAdana-vaiziSTya veda ke apauruSeyavAdatva kI samIkSA guru paM. jaganmohana lAla jI zAstrI ko zata zata vandana mArgaNAoM dvArA jIvoM kI sthiti kA jJAna AcArya vidyAsAgara : eka anuzIlana ATha yoga dRSTiyA~ (A. haribhadrakRta yogadRSTi-samuccaya ke Aloka meM) pUrvavid guNadharAcArya viracita 'kaSAyapAhuDaM' prAkRta aura saMskRta kA tulanAtmaka vivecana mahArASTrI prAkRta meM saMskRtastha mUla 'ya' varNa kA abhAva kyA bauddhadarzana meM AtmA aura punarjanma hai ? 58. XIX

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mImAMsA darzana meM niSedha-mImAMsA zrImatA zubhacandreNa praNIto jJAnArNavaH bhAratIyadarzaneSu IzvaravicAra: zravaNabelagAlAyAM gommaTezvarasya mUrteH nirmANetihAsa: jainadarzanAnusAraM nArINAM sthitiH kiM jainadazanaM nAstikam? bhAratIyadarzaneSu bhramajJAnavicAraH (khyAtivAdaH) brahmavaivartapurANam : saMkSiptaH paricayaH svarUpasambodhanadezanAyAH parizIlanam 66. caturtha sopAna : sAhitya samIkSA evaM viziSTa Alekha 18 cm Nom wooo pro. jaina ke granthoM kI samIkSAyeM viSaya lekhaka pR.saMkhyA ratnatraya kI anupama prakAzikA 'deva, zAstra aura guru' kI samIkSA - DaoN. paMkaja kumAra jaina - 'prAkRta-dIpikA' eka prAkRta bhASA jJAnapradIpa - pro. vijaya kumAra jaina munisuvrata kAvya : eka samIkSA - pro. satyadeva kauzika sAhitya samArAdhanA kA nisyanda : 'munisuvrata kAvya' pro. manulatA zarmA saMskRta bhASA prazikSioM kI rAjapaddhati 'saMskRta-pravezikA' pro. gopabandhu mizra 'tarka saMgraha' eka samIkSA pro. umAdevI jozI sudarzana lAla jaina kRta vyAkhyA se sarala banI 'karpUramaJjarI' - DaoN. surendra bhAratI 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra : eka parizIla' kI samIkSA - DaoN. zrI prakAza pANDeya - 9. 'pUjA kA vaijJAnika anuzIlana' eka anupama kRti - DaoN. manoramA jaina (kha) vidvAnoM ke Alekha aparAjeya vyaktitva ke dhanI AcArya kundakunda - hukumacanda bhArilla jina-pratimA para sUrimantra kyoM? - paM. vimala ku.sorayA jaina Agama ke Aloka meM pUjana-vidhAna - paM. varddhamAna sorayA mokSamArga-pAtheya : sallekhanA - akhila baMsala jaina - vaiyAvRtti kahA~, kaise aura kyoM? - DaoN. premacanda jaina 'nagalA' - yogasAra meM dhyAna yoga kA svarUpa - DaoN. premacanda rAMvakA - nimitta upAdana : cintana ke kucha bindu - DaoN. anekAnta ku. jaina - ahiMsA mahAvrata : pratipAdya - pro. revAprasAda dvivedI - cAra tIrthaGkaroM kI janmabhUmi kAzI - pro. sadAziva kumAra dvivedImahAkavi puSpadanta viracita mahApurANa - DaoN. manoramA jaina XX

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siddha-sArasvata maGgala AzIrvAda jIvana meM utAra-car3hAva, lAbha-hAni, yaza-apayaza Adi virodhI dharmoM kA AnA-jAnA lagA rahatA hai phira bhI jIvana jIne kI kalA sIkha lete haiN| ThIka isI taraha dravya kI paryAyoM meM utpAda-vyaya hote rahane para bhI vaha nitya banA rahatA hai| Apane adhyAtma ke rahasyoM kA gaharAI taka adhyayana to kiyA hai parantu bhautikavAda ke prabhAva se mana meM zaMkAoM kI hiloreM uThatI rahatI haiN| aise meM ArAdhya deva yA guru kI zaraNa meM jAkara una zaMkAoM ko zAnta kro| Apane bhI deva, zAstra aura guru kA prAmANika vivecana karane vAlI pustaka likhI hai| jise Apane chapane ke pUrva mujhe bhI amarakaNTaka meM par3hakara sunAyA thaa| merI dRSTi meM Apa eka bhavya jIva ho| aba Asanna bhavya banane ke mArga kA anugamana kro| yahI merA AzIrvAda hai| santa ziromaNi paM. pU. AcArya 108 zrI vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja

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siddha-sArasvata maGgala AzIrvAda uccAvacajanaprAyaH samayo'yaM jineshinaam| naikasmin puruSa tiSThedekastambha ivaalyH|| - somadevasUri, yazastilakacampU, 7/90 artha - jinendra deva kA yaha zAsana aisA vizAla bhavana hai jo choTe-bar3e asaMkhya khambhoM para TikA huA hai| anAdikAla se Aja taka yaha kisI eka hI puruSa ke kandhoM para nahIM TikA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jinazAsana kI rakSA-surakSA aura pracAra-prasAra meM anAdi kAla se Aja taka asaMkhya logoM kA yogadAna rahA hai aura usI se yaha Aja Tika kara cala pAyA hai, ataH hameM sabhI kA yogadAna svIkAra karanA cAhie, sabhI ko mila-jula kara rahanA cAhie, kisI kA bhI tiraskAra nahIM karanA caahie| pro. sudarzanalAla jI ne bhI jinazAsana kI prabhAvanA meM bar3A yogadAna kiyA hai| unake abhinandana ke avasara para maiM bhI unako maGgala AzIrvAda pradAna karatA huuN| parama pUjya siddhAntacakravartI zvetapicchAcArya 108 zrI vidyAnandajI munirAja

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siddha-sArasvata maGgala AzIrvAda kSullaka pravara zrI gaNezaprasAdavarNI dvArA saMsthApita zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya vArANasI, zAntiniketana kaTanI, tathA mahAmanA madanamohana mAlavIya dvArA saMsthApita kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI meM adhyAtma aura Adhunika viSayoM kA adhyayana karake Apane jaina aura jainetara jagat meM khyAti arjita kI hai| bhArata rASTra ke mahAmahima rASTrapati zrI praNavamukharjI jI se sammAna patra prApta kiyA hai| a.bhA. di.jaina vidvatpariSad ke mahAmantrI bhI rahe haiN| jaina aura jainetara darzanoM kA adhyayana karake jaina siddhAntoM kI mahattA ko prakaTa kiyA hai| ApakA jo yaha abhinandana grantha prakAzita ho rahA hai vaha samayocita hai| Apa sudIrgha kAla taka jinavANI kI sevA karate hue saMyama ke mArga para calate raheM / yahI hamArA maMgala AzISa hai| pa.pU. paTTAcArya 108 zrI vardhamAna sAgara jI mahArAja

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siddha-sArasvata maGgala AzIrvAda siddhasArasvata pro. sudarzana lAla jaina bahumukhI pratibhA ke vidvAn haiN| jainAgama ke sAtha saMskRta-prAkRta-pAli bhASA ke manISI haiN| nyAya, darzana, kAvya, bhASAvijJAna Adi viSayoM para Apane zodhapUrNa grantha tathA Alekha likhe haiN| vArANasI meM merI pustaka 'samyagdarzana' kA Apane sampAdana bhI kiyA hai| gurubhakta tathA sadAcAra sampanna haiN| aneka puraskAroM se puraskRta haiN| inakI deva-zAstra aura guru pustaka bahuta prAmANika hai tathA prasiddhi ko prApta hai| prAkRta-dIpikA, saMskRta-pravezikA Adi grantha vidvAnoM meM lokapriya haiN| vastuta: Apa siddha-sArasvata haiM janma se tathA karma se bhii| phira bhI Apake kalyANArtha merA AzIrvAda hai - AdahidaM kAdajadivaM sakkadi pArahidaM ca kAdavvaM / Adahida-parahidAdo AdahidaM suTTha kAdavvaM / / pa.pU. 108 zrI gaNAcArya zrI virAgasAgara jI mahArAja

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siddha-sArasvata maGgalAzISa vizAla zramaNa paramparA, vizva kI sanAtana paramparA hai| jisane sampUrNa loka ko zArIrika ahiMsA kA hI nahIM, apitu vaicArika ahiMsA kA bhI upadeza diyA hai| jaina darzana kahatA hai ki - kisI bhI prANI ke prati azubha vicAra lAnA bhI hiMsA hai| hiMsA se bacane ke lie vastu-svatantratA, kAraNa-kArya vyavasthA, anekAntavAda, syAdvAda tathA tattva-vidyA kA upadeza diyaa| jisake upadeSTA tIrthaMkara, gaNadhara, AcArya parameSThI hue jinhoMne aneka bhASAoM meM sarvahita-dRSTi se vyAkhyAna die| sAdhu-paramparA ke sAtha-sAtha, vidvAnoM ne bhI sva-prajJA kA Agama se zodhana kara jaina vAGmaya kI apUrva mahatI sevA kI hai| vidvAnoM kI dIrghA meM vidvadvareNya prophesara zrI sudarzanalAla jaina samprati sarasvatI-ArAdhanA meM agragaNya sthAna rakhate haiN| saMskRta-prAkRta bhASA pravINa haiN| anekAneka puraskAroM se puraskRta haiN| unheM yahI maGgalAzISa hai ki vAgvAdinI kI maGgalArAdhanA karate hue sva-samAdhi kI siddhi kreN| paJca parameSThI ke pAdamUla meM bhAvIkAla meM zruta-saMvega bhAvanA ke phala se zruta kevalI pada ko suzobhita kreN| / / iti zubhaM bhuuyaat|| pa. pU. 108 zrI digambarAcArya vizuddhasAgara muni

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siddha-sArasvata maGgala AzIrvAda jaina siddhAnta anekAntavAda aura syAdvAda meM dRDha AsthA rakhane vAle siddha-sArasvata pro. sudarzana lAla jaina jainadharma kI patAkA ko deza-videza meM phaharAne kI icchA rakhate haiN| isIlie Apa jaina siddhAntoM kA anya darzanoM ke sAtha tathA Adhunika vaijJAnika siddhAntoM ke sAtha tulanAtmaka cintana karake jaina siddhAntoM kI mahattA batalAnA cAhate haiN| Apake vaiduSya se prabhAvita hokara jaina samAja tathA jainetara samAja ne kaI bAra ApakA abhinandana kiyA hai| mahAmahima rASTrapati zrI praNavamukharjI ne bhI Apako puraskRta karake vidvajjagat kA mAna bar3hAyA hai| vItarAgavANI TrasTa dvArA kiyA jA rahA yaha abhinandana usakI kar3I kA eka hissA hai| pro. jaina vidvAn hone ke sAtha anusandhAnapriya, sarala tathA vivekI haiN| ata: merA maMgala AzIrvAda hai ki Apa zreya (mukti kA mArga) aura preya (sAMsArika mArga) ina do mArgoM meM se zreyamArga ke anugAmI banakara pUrNa siddha-sArasvata bneN| sarAkoddhAraka pa.pU. AcArya 108 zrI jJAnasAgara jI mahArAja

Page #27
siddha-sArasvata maGgala AzIrvAda bhagavAn mahAvIra kI divyadezanA ko jana-jana taka prasArita karane meM gaNAdharoM, AcAryoM, muniyoM se lekara vidvat paramparA kA yogadAna rahA hai| isI paramparA meM vartamAna vidvadvareNya siddha-sArasvata pro. sudarzana lAla jaina kA bhI eka nAma hai| a.bhA.di.jaina vidvat pariSad ke mahAmantrI raha cuke vidvat pravara kA jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA bhI acchA chayopazama hai| Apane zrutArAdhanA meM mahanIya zrama kiyA hai| Adhunika vidyAoM ke bhI manISI haiN| saMskRta-prAkRta Adi bhASAoM kA acchA jJAna hai| rASTrapati se bhI puraskRta haiN| vItarAga vANI TrasTa dvArA sampAdita kiye jA rahe abhinandana grantha kA samarpaNa eka sarAhanIya kArya hai| isake liye pratiSThAprajJa paM. vimala kumAra sorayA aura unakI TIma ko AzIrvAda hai| pro. jaina sarasvatI kI ArAdhanA ke sAtha bhagavAn mahAvIra kI divyadezanA kA samyak rahasya samAja ke samakSa prastuta kareM tathA mokSapatha ke anugAmI bneN| yahI AzISa hai| pa.pU. paTTAcArya zrI 108 anekAntasAgara jI mahArAja

Page #28
siddha-sArasvata zubhAzISa pitA zrI siddhelAla jI ke siddha-sArasvata evaM mA~ sarasvatI devI ke sarasvatI putra, deva zAstra aura guru ke parama ArAdhaka, bI.eca.yU. kendrIya vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAgAdhyakSa, rASTrapati sammAna se alaMkRta, akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvat pariSad ke mahAmantrI Adi mahattvapUrNa padoM se pratiSThita rahane vAle pro. DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina ke 75 veM janmadivasa para prakAzita hone jA rahe siddha sArasvata abhinandana grantha ke pradhAna sampAdaka pratiSThAcArya paM. vimala kumAra jaina saurayA, prabandha sampAdaka DaoN. paMkaja kumAra jaina Adi samasta sampAdaka maNDala ko shubhaashiirvaad| pro. sudarzanalAla jI zatAyu hoM evaM yaha grantha aitihAsika dharohara banakara pAThakoM ko preraNAdAyI bane, yahI zubha bhAvanA hai| pa.pU. AcArya 108 zrI nirbhayasAgara jI mahArAja

Page #29
siddha-sArasvata maGgalAzISa DaoN. sudarzana lAla vartamAna digambara jaina paramparA ke vidvAnoM meM variSThatama haiN| unhoMne saMskRta aura prAkRta bhASAoM kA talasparzI adhyayana karake zAstra-saMrakSaNa kI dizA meM mahattvapUrNa kArya kiyA hai| ve acche vidvAn hone ke sAtha-sAtha deva-zAstra-guru ke prati bhI saccI niSThA rakhate haiN| unakA jIvana vidvAnoM kI navIna pIr3hI ke lie anukaraNIya hai| unhoMne kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI meM saMskRta bhASA kA adhyApana karane ke sAtha-sAtha jaina dharma ke aneka mahattvapUrNa granthoM kA sampAdana kArya kiyA hai| jaina samAja ke lie yaha atyanta gaurava kA viSaya hai ki DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina ke sammAnArtha unake abhinandana grantha kA prakAzana vItarAgI vANI TrasTa dvArA kiyA jA rahA hai| unheM merA maGgala AzIrvAda hai ki ve nirantara svastha rahate hue jJAnArAdhanA meM saMlagna raheM aura vratoM ko dhAraNa kara apane jIvana ko sArthaka bnaaeN| pa. pU. AcArya zrI 108 viveka sAgara

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siddha-sArasvata AzIrvAda jinavANI kA gahana adhyayana kara grantha lekhana, patra-sampAdana, Alekha prastutiyoM, vyAkhyAnoM ke Adi mAdhyama se zruta kI prabhAvanA karane vAle vidvAnoM kA sammAna honA hI caahiye| Aja Apa logoM ne batAyA ki pro. DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI kA abhinandana grantha prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai, merA unheM AzIrvAda hai ve sacce deva-zAstra guru kI prabhAvanA karate raheM tathA ekAntavAda aura chadma-adhyAtma se bhole zrAvakoM ko bcaayeN| parama pUjya munipuMga va zrI 108 sudhAsAgara jI mahArAja maMgala kAmanA bahumukhI pratibhA ke dhanI pro. sudarzana lAla jaina se jabalapura meM sAkSAtkAra huA thaa| Apa bar3e vinamra, munibhakta tathA saralaprakRti ke haiN| jainadharma eka utkRSTa dharma hai, vaijJAnika hai| Apa jaise vidvAn isa dharma kI utkRSTatA aura vaijJAnikatA ko vizva stara para prasArita kreN| Apa samyaktva ke zira para virAjamAna hoM aisI maMgala kAmanA hai| samyaktva ke binA manuSya janma lenA nirarthaka hai kyoMki - naratve'pi pazUyante mitthtyaatvgrstcetsH| pazutve'pi narAyante smyktvvyktcetnaaH|| 'ApakA jJAna samyagjJAna bane tathA samyakcAritra kI ora kadama bar3he' yahI hamArA AzIrvAda hai| pa. pU. munizrI108 yogasAgara jI mahArAja

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siddha-sArasvata maGgalAzISa (sacce deva, zAstra aura guru ke parama anurAgI) DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina bahuta hI sulajhe hue susaMskRta vidvAn haiN| sAtha hI sAtha unameM eka acche suzrAvaka ke samasta lakSaNa vidyamAna haiN| ve sacce deva zAstra guru ke parama anurAgI haiN| Apane jinazAsana kI mahatI sevA kI hai| aise vidvAn ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kA prakAzana ho rahA hai| nizcayataH yaha prazaMsanIya hai| unakA sahI mUlyAGkana honA caahie| unake dvArA kie gae racanAtmaka kAryoM kI maiM prazaMsA karatA huuN| unakI kaI kRtiyA~ haiM jinameM se unakI deva zAstra aura guru kI racanA nizcaya se prazaMsanIya hai, usase hamArI samAja kA tadviSayaka mithyAtva dUra huA hai| sabane use svIkAra kiyA hai| DaoN. sudarzana lAla jaina jIvana kI aMtima sAMsa taka jinavANI mA~ kI sevA karate raheM tathA zrutArAdhanA karate hue usakA phala bhI prApta kreN| anta meM samAdhimaraNa pUrvaka zarIra kA visarjana kreN| isa maGgala bhAvanA ke sAtha maiM unheM AzIrvAda detA huuN| pa. pU. munizrI108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja maGgala AzIrvAda ___ 'gudar3I kA lAla' yadi pro. sudarzana lAla jaina ko kahU~ to koI atyukti nahIM hogii| mAtRchAyA bacapana meM hI china jAne tathA arthApakarSa hone para bhI Apa kahA~ se kahA~ pahu~ca ge| zruta kI ArAdhanA meM Apane apanA jIvana lagA diyA hai| eka acche vidvAn hone ke sAtha Apa vinamra, sarala evaM madhura svabhAvI haiN| Apake dvArA likhita grantha aura Alekha prAmANika evaM khyAti prApta haiN| aneka zodhachAtroM ko DaoNkTareTa kI upAdhi dilavAI hai| prazAsana kuzalatA kA guNa bhI ApameM hai| hamArA prathama paricaya kaTanI kI saMgoSThI meM huA thaa| sUrata bhI saMgoSThI meM padhAre the| Apa jinavANI kA pracAraprasAra karate hue ratnatraya ko dhAraNa kreN| mokSa pathika bne| yahI hamArA AzISa hai| pa. pU. munizrI 108 samatA sAgara jI mahArAja

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siddha-sArasvata maGgala AzIrvAda dhammo maMgalamukkiTuM ahiMsA saMjamo tvo| devAvi taM namassati, jassa dhamme sayA mnno|| dharma utkRSTa maMgala hai jo ahiMsA, saMyama aura taparUpa hai| jisakA mana sadA dharmamaya hotA hai usa manuSya ko devatA bhI namaskAra karate haiN| ahiMsA jahA~ hai vahA~ samarasatA hai| saMyama aura tapa bhI ahiMsA meM hI palate haiN| ahiMsA kAyaratA nahIM hai| ahiMsA ko paramadharma kahA hai| jainadharma meM ahiMsA se hI sAdhudharma tathA gRhastha dharma palatA hai| ataH ahiMsA ko mUla meM rakhate hue jaina siddhAntoM kI vyAkhyA karanA caahie| jitane bhI niyama upaniyama haiM sabakI mUla kasauTI ahiMsA hai| jahA~ ahiMsA hai vahIM vItarAgatA bhI hai| Apa vidvAn haiN| ApakA yaza bhI hai| hama cAhate haiM ki Apa vItarAgatA kI ora kadama bar3hAyeM aura Atma sukha prApta kreN| saddharma vRddhirstu| pa.pU. 108 zrI saMbhava sAgara jI mahArAja zubhAzISa svagRhe pUjyate mUrkhaH, svagrAme pUjyate prbhuH| svarAjye pUjyate rAjA, vidvAn sarvatra puujyte|| agara pratibhA ko ucita avasara na mile to vaha kuNThita hokara dama tor3a detI hai| agara pratibhA ko ucita samaya para ucita avasara mila jAe to vaha kaI mAyanoM meM kharI utaratI hai tathA kAlAntara meM vaTavRkSa jaisA vizAla rUpa lekara nagara, deza, samAja, dharma Adi kA nAma rozana kara sakatI hai| yahI kucha prophesara sudarzanalAla jaina ke sandarbha meM dekhane ko milatA hai jinhoMne eka choTe se grAma meM janma lekara bhI deza ke mahAmahima rASTrapati puraskAra prApti taka kA mArga prazasta kiyA aura jisase ve siddha-sArasvata bana ge| pro. jI kAphI sarala, sahaja aura jJAna ke dhanI haiM aura aisI samagratA eka vidvAn meM milanA kAphI kaThina hai| unheM dekhakara yaha kaThina kArya bhI sahaja sA lagatA hai| vastuta: yaha saba vaibhava jinazAsana ko samarpita karane meM agraNI haiN| pro. jaina ke ujjvala bhaviSya kI hama kAmanA karate haiM aura yahI bhAvanA bhAte haiM ki unheM zAzvat siddha-sArasvata banane kA saubhAgya mile| sukhiyA hove sArI duniyA~, koI duHkhI na hove| he prbhu| nijamaGgala ke pahale, jaga kA maGgala hove|| / / zubhaM bhUyAt / / pa.pU. muni zrI 108 zrIsuvrata sAgara jI mahArAja

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siddha-sArasvata maGgala AzIrvAda labdhapratiSTha vidvatpravara pratiSThAcArya vimala kumArajI evaM pratiSThAcArya vardhamAna sauMrayA jI TIkamagar3ha ko AcArya 108 pArasasAgara mahArAja kA maGgala aashiirvaad| prasannatA huI ki Apake dvArA vidvat pravara sammAnIya pro. sudarzanalAla jaina kA abhinandana grantha prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai| unheM hama apane AzISa vacana likha rahe haiN| "pro. sudarzanalAla kA jIvana paricaya par3hakara pratyeka AcArya/muni./zrAvaka gaNa Azcarya meM ho jAyeMge, jinheM 10 mAha kI alpAvasthA meM mA~ kA prema china gayA ho, anekoM saMkaToM se jUjhate huye jinhoMne sarvocca zikSA grahaNa kara apaneApako samhAlA saMvArA ho aura 'kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI' meM jinhoMne saMskRta vibhAga meM 39 varSoM taka adhyApana kArya kiyA ho evaM 44 chAtroM ko pI-eca.DI. kI upAdhi dilAI ho| yaha saba unake pUrvajanma kA tIvra puNya evaM vartamAna jIvana kA kaThina parizrama, lagana, utsAha kA pratiphala hai| ucca pada ke sAtha-sAtha unhoMne apane jIvana meM dhArmika caryA kA vizeSa dhyAna rakhA, jainatva ke guNoM kA pAlana kiyaa| aise mahAna vyaktitva kA honA samAja ke liye gaurava kI bAta hai| hama unake ujjavala bhaviSya kI kAmanA karate haiN| zatAyu hoM evaM svastha raheM, anta meM apane jIvana ko vratI banAkara samAdhi pUrvaka jIvana samApana kreN| punaH pro. sudarzana lAla ko maGgala aashiirvaad| dharmavRddhirastu, aishvryvRddhirstu| pa. pU. AcAryazrI 108 pArasa sAgara jI mahArAja zrI AdinAtha mandira, sonAgira, govA AzIrvAda pATana jilA jabalapura se ApakA vizeSa sambandha hai| Apake bahanoI vahA~ vidhAna karA rahe the jisameM Apa bhI sammilita hue the| vahIM ApakI vidvattA tathA saralatA dekhii| prasannatA hai ki ApakA abhinandana grantha chapa rahA hai| Apa jaise yogya siddhasArasvata vidvAn kA abhinandana honA bhI caahie| pATana meM bhI ApakA sammAna kiyA gayA thaa| merA AzIrvAda Apake sAtha hai| Apa mithyAtva karma ko pATakara guNazreNI nirjarA kreN| pa. pU. AcAryazrI 108 zreyAMsa sAgara jI mahArAja

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siddha-sArasvata AzIrvAda vartamAna bhautikatA kI cakAcauMdha meM jaina darzana nyAya viSayaka vidvAn durlabha hote jA rahe haiN| hamArI saMskRti evaM dharma kA saMrakSaNa inhIM vidvAnoM ke mAdhyama se surakSita hai| inhIM vidvAnoM meM vidvadvareNya pro. paM. surdazanalAla jaina jI jinakA bahuta lambe samaya se mArgadarzana isa samAja ko prApta hotA rahA hai| Apa acche vaktA ke sAtha-sAtha jaina darzana ke marmajJa haiN| Apake dvArA aneka kArya sahaja-saralatA se manISI vidvat varga ko prApta hue haiN| Apane rASTrapati sammAna se vibhUSita hokara jaina dharma kI prabhAvanA kI hai| ApakA jJAna, prabhAvanA ke sAtha AcaraNa kI ora bar3he aura Apa saMyama kA pAlana karate hue mahAvratoM ko dhAraNa kara bodhi, samAdhi kI prApti kareM, aisA hamArA AzIrvAda hai| pa. pU. muni zrI 108 kunthusAgara jI mahArAja AzIrvAda sarasvatI ke putra, kalama ke dhanI, vidvat zreSThI zrI sudarzana lAla jI! Apane jo jaina jagat meM jinavANI kI sevA zikSA ko Age bar3hAyA hai aura mUla bhASA prAkRta evaM saMskRta meM bhI pI-eca. DI. kI hai| usake lie bahuta bahuta 'aashiirvaad'| 75veM varSa meM praveza kara rahe ho| aba zeSa aura vizeSa jIvana cAritra kI sevA svIkAra karane meM lgaao| saMyama dhAraNa karo aura zrutasevA se zruta kevalI bana pUrNa kevalI bana mokSa ko prApta kro| pa. pU. muni zrI 108 pramukha sAgara jI mahArAja

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siddha-sArasvata zubhAzISa "vidvAn sarvatra pUjyate" vidvAnoM kA sabhI jagaha Adara hotA hai| yaha bhAratIya saMskRti hai| paNDita sudarzana lAla jI to vaise hI sarasvatI ke garbha se utpanna huye haiM phira unake rakta meM usa mA~ sarasvatI ke saMrakSaNa kA bhAva kyoM nahIM hogA, avazya hI hogaa| unhoMne apane jJAna ke kSayopazama kA sahI upayoga kara vidvAnoM ko eka nayI dizA pradAna kI hai| aneka granthoM kA sampAdana evaM lekhana karane vAle paNDita jI ke lie isa avasara para bhAvanA bhAtA hU~ ki ve apane jJAna ko prayoga meM DhAlakara zAzvata siddha svarUpa kI prApti kreN| isa kArya meM jo bhI sahayoga kara raheM hoM unako bhI shubhaashiiss| pa.pU. muni zrI 108 sandhAna sAgara jI mahArAja maGgala AzIrvAda bIsavIM sadI ke prathamAcArya pa. pU. zrI 108 zAnti sAgara jI mahArAja jI ne jinazAsana kI murajhAI jJAnalatA ko puna: pallavita kiyA thaa| usI ke prabhAva se Aja tyAgIvarga tathA vidvad varga jinazAsana ke ratha ko Age bar3hA rahe haiN| siddha sArasvata pro. sudarzana lAla jaina unameM se eka dhurI haiN| Apa spaSTavAdI evaM sarala prakRti ke vidvAn haiN| Apa kaI bAra jambUdvIpa hastinApura darzanArtha tathA saMgoSThiyoM meM Ae haiN| mAMgItuGgI tIrthakSetra para bhI darzanArtha padhAre the| Apako tattva-carcA meM Ananda AtA hai| Apa pUrvAcAryoM kI Agamokta vANI kA pracAra-prasAra karate hue siddha-sArasvata isa nAma ko sArthaka kareM tathA sudarzana se samyagdarzanadhArI bneN| yahI merA maMgala AzIrvAda hai| pa.pU. zrI 105 AryikA gaNanI pramukha jJAnamati mAtA jI evaM pa.pU. zrI 105 AryikA candanAmati mAtA jI

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siddha-sArasvata zubhAzISa saMsAra kI sarakatI saritA meM sabakucha baha rahA hai, bahatA jA rahA hai, sthiratA ke nAma para yadi kucha hai to Atma tttv| usa Atmatattva kI prApti kA eka hI upAya hai, jinAgama kA svAdhyAya aura tadanurUpa aacrnn| paM. sudarzanalAla jaina jI ne abhAvoM meM rahakara bhI sarasvatI kI arcanA karake unheM hRdayAsana para biThAyA hai| 2015 ke varSAyoga meM (jaina nagara bhopAla, nandIzvara dhAma lAlaghATI, bhopAla) Apase paricita hue, tabhI Apake saMskRta ke jJAna se bhI paricaya huaa| saca meM ApakA jJAnArjana Adarza hai| preraNAsrota bhI hai| bhagavAn se yahI prArthanA hai ki Apa apanI aMtima zvAsa taka sarasvatI kI sevA, adhyayana, lekhana, manana-cintana karate hue hI jIvana ko zubhopayogamaya banAye rkheN| yahI zubhAzISa hai| pa.pU. zrI 105 AryikA vijJAnamati mAtA jI evaM pa.pU. zrI 105 AryikA Adityamati mAtA jI AzIrvAda (abhUtapUrva pratibhA ke dhanI) bhAratIya vasundharA para janma lekara saMskRta, hindI prAkRta sAhitya meM eka naI dizA naI rozanI evaM naI U~cAI pradAna karane vAle pro. sudarzanalAla jI bacapana se hI mA~ ke divaMgata ho jAne para bhI tathA Arthika parezAniyoM ko jhelate hue, dhArmika sAhitya, saMskRta sAhitya, siddhAnta evaM anya darzana ke prakANDa vidvAn bana gye| deza meM hI nahIM videzoM meM bhI Apane jaina siddhAMtoM kI mahatI prabhAvanA kI hai evaM mahAvIra bhagavAna ke ahiMsAmayI siddhAnta "jio aura jIne do" ko naI dizA pradAna kI hai| Apa jaba cintana kI gaharAI meM DUba jAte haiM to naye-naye viSayoM kA rahasya udghATita hotA hai| Apa eka nizchala, nirabhimAnI, nirADambara, prakhara vaktA aura spaSTavAdI haiN| sevA nivRtta hone ke bAda bhI Apa lekhana kArya evaM sampAdana kArya meM saMlagna hai, jo sarAhanIya hai| AzIrvAda svarUpa Apa bhI isa mAnava paryAya ke uccapada arthAt munivrata ko dhAraNa kara ise sArthaka kreN| pa.pU. zrI 105 AryikA saMbhavamati mAtA jI

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siddha-sArasvata saddharmavRddhirastu bhArata deza kA mahAnagara vArANasI jainoM ke cAra tIrthaGkaroM (supArzvanAtha, candraprabha, zreyAMsanAtha aura pArzvanAtha) kI janmabhUmi se atyanta pavitra tIrtha kSetra hai| yaha anAdi kAla se dharma-prabhAvanA kA mahAn kendra rahA hai| yahAM hindUoM, bauddhoM tathA jainoM kI triveNI kahalatI hii| kaI zikSA ke zodha saMsthAna haiM jinameM bI.eca.yU. sarvAdhika prasiddha hai| pro. jaina ne yahI Alasya chor3akara niSThApUrvaka adhyayana kiyA aura 38 varSoM taka yahIM adhyApana evaM zodha nirdezana kiyaa| Apane vidyArthiyoM ko dharma, saMskRti, darzana, sAhitya, saMskRta, prAkRta Adi vividha viSayoM kA jJAna karAyA tathA sadAcAra kA pATha par3hAkara mahanIya yogadAna diyaa| jo avismaraNIya hai| mAtA-pitA ke saMskAroM se deva, zAstra aura guru meM aTUTa zraddhA rakhate haiM tathA zrAvakoM ke SaDAvazyakoM kA pAlana karate haiN| maiM jaba 1991 meM bhadainI sthita zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya meM rahatA thA taba pro. jaina vizvavidyAlaya kaimpasa meM rahate the aura syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya meM sakriya yogadAna dete the| sAdhu-saMtoM kI saMgati karanA, samAja ko caturAI se saMgaThita karanA tathA chAtroM kI unnati meM sahAyaka bananA ApakA lakSya thaa| dakSiNa bhArata ke tIrthakSetroM se bhI ApakA sambandha thaa| vahA~ kI saMgoSThiyoM meM jAkara zodhapUrNa vaktavyoM se sabhI kA mana moha lete rahe haiN| jaina kAzI mUDabadrI ke pUrvavartI cArukIrti Apake sahapAThI rahe haiN| Apa jaba sapatnIka mUDabadrI Ae the to unhoMne Apako usa kakSa meM ThaharAyA thA jahA~ bhArata kI pUrvapradhAnamaMtrI indirA gA~dhI ko ThaharAyA thaa| Apane jaina vidyAlaya kaTanI, morAjI sAgara, syAdvAdamahAvidyAlaya vArANasI, sampUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya se jJAnArjana kiyaa| vAcanA, pRcchanA, anuprekSA, AmnAya aura dharmopadeza svAdhyAya ke ina pA~coM bhedoM ke mAdhyama se chAtroM evaM zrAvakoM kI zaGkAoM kA samAdhAna kiyaa| kSamA, samatA, AkiJcana namratA, viveka Adi guNa ApameM zurU se vidyamAna haiN| kaI granthoM kA praNayana, saMpAdana tathA anuvAda kiyaa| syAdvAda patrikA Apake chAtrajIvana meM Apake prayatna se pahalI bAra chapI usake bAda nahIM chapa skii| rASTrapati puraskAra bhI Apako milA samAja ne to kaI bAra puraskRta kiyaa| Apake Adarza guru zrI kSullaka gaNezaprasAda jI varNI, paM. jaganmohana lAla, paM. kailAzacandra, paM.hIrAlAla, DaoN. nemIcanda jyotiSAcArya, paM.dayAcaMda sAgara, pro. siddhezvara bhaTTAcArya, paM. mUlazaMkara zAstrI aadi| ApakI 75vIM janmadina jubalI para jainakAzI mUDabadrI tIrtha kI tarapha se abhinndn| zrIpArzvanAtha svAmI, dvAdazAGga zruta devI tathA jinazAsana devI-devatA ApakA maGgala kreN| isI bhAvanA ke sAtha 'saddharmavRddhirastu' jinazAsana prabhAvAt bhadraM bhuuyaat| pASANeSu yathA hema dugdhamadhye yathA ghRtm| tilamadhye yathA tailaM dehamadhye yathA zivaH / / kASThamadhye yathA vahniH zaktirUpeNa tisstthti|| tathA paNDiteSu siddh-saarsvt-sudrshnH|| svastizrI bhaTTAraka cArukIrti, bhaTTAraka nagara,karnATaka zrIjaina maTha mUDabadrI kundakundAcArya mUlasaMgha saMsthAna

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siddha-sArasvata AnandIbena paTela rAjyapAla, madhyapradeza rAjabhavana, bhopAla madhyapradeza 4 sitambara, 2018 saMdeza yaha harSa kA viSaya hai ki prAkRta evaM saMskRta vidyA ke mUrdhanya manISI yazasvI vidvAna pro. sudarzana lAla jI jaina ke 75 veM janma divasa ke zubha avasara para unake sammAnArtha abhinandana grantha 'siddha-sArasvata' kA prakAzana kiyA jA rahA saMskRta hamAre deza kI pracIna aura deva bhASA hai| isake pracAra-prasAra aura yuvA pIr3hI taka pahuMcAne meM pro. sudarzanalAla jI jaina kA yogadAna anukaraNIya hai| pro. sudarzanalAla jI jaina apanI dhArmika AsthA, saMskAra aura puruSArtha ke bala para zikSA ke kSetra meM ucca zikhara taka phuNce| viziSTa sAhityika avadAna evaM saMskRta-prAkRta bhASA ke saMrakSaNasaMvardhana ke lie unake dvArA diye gaye yogadAna ke lie unheM rASTrapati sammAna se sammAnita kiyA gyaa| mujhe AzA hai ki unake sammAnArtha prakAzita abhinandana grantha Ane vAlI pIr3hI ke lie mArgadarzaka aura preraNAsrota siddha hogaa| zubhakAmanAoM shit| (AnandIbena paTela) rAjyapAla madhyapradeza, rAjabhavana, bhopAla

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siddha-sArasvata zubhakAmanA saMdeza atyadhika harSa kA viSaya hai ki kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI ke sevAnivRtta pro.sudarzana lAla jaina ke 75veM janma varSa para unake abhinandanArtha 'siddha-sArasvata' abhinandana grantha kA prakAzana kiyA jA rahA hai| rASTrapati sammAna se sammAnita pro. sudarzana lAla jaina saMskRta aura prAkRta bhASA ke prakANDa vidvAn haiN| rASTra ke zaikSika aura sAhityika vikAsa meM unakI sevAoM kA mahanIya yogadAna rahA hai| unake isa abhinandana grantha ke prakAzana ke avasara para maiM unheM zubhakAmanAe~ preSita karatA hU~ evaM unake svAsthya aura dIrghAyuSya kI maMgala kAmanA karatA huuN| prakAza jAvaDekara mAnava saMsAdhAna vikAsa mantrI, bhArata sarakAra, naI dillI

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siddha-sArasvata sandeza mujhe yaha jAnakara atyanta harSa huA ki jaina darzana prAkRta evaM saMskRta vidyA ke mUrdhanya yazasvI vidvAn pro. sudarzana lAla jI jaina ke 75veM janmadivasa para sammAnArtha abhinandana grantha siddha-sArasvata kA prakAzana kiyA jA rahA hai| grantha meM prakAzita jAnakArI, saMgrahaNIya, sarala, tathyaparaka evaM samAja ke lie upayogI hogI, aisA mujhe vizvAsa yaha avasara pUrI mAnava jAti ke liye asIma Ananda pradAna karane kA hai| isa avasara para samudAya ke logoM va kAryakrama ke AyojanoM ko evaM grantha ke prakAzana hetu merI hArdika zubhakAmanAe~ preSita hai| zrI Aloka zarmA bhopAla

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R -HR A Dedicated Scholar Thank you for your kind e-mail. I am very happy to note that you are bringing out a Felicitation Volume in honour of Prof. Sudarshan Lal Jain. I greatly admire him. He is a fine specimen of a decent and cultured person as well as a dedicated scholar. His contribution to the field of Jainology is stupendous. His researches show him a highly erudite and penetrating scholar who goes deep in the field of his study. It is people like him who do the country proud. I wish him a long life of good health and meaningful constructive literary activity. Please convey him my high regards. Prof. Satya Vrat Shastri New Delhi

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siddha-sArasvata zubhAzaMsA (bAdhAoM ke babaMDara se avicalita pro.sudarzana lAla jaina) vIrabhUbhAga bundelakhaNDa ke tejasvI lAla mANavaka sudarzanalAla jaina ne vahA~ se nikala kara vidyAbhUmi jJAnaprakAzI kAzI kI yAtrA kii| mArga meM Aye saMkaToM ko sudarzana ne sudarzana cakra kI bhA~ti khaNDita karate hue niravarodha agragAmitA prApta kii| miTTI ke Dhele ko bhUmi para paTakane para vaha vikIrNa hokara dhUla meM parivartita ho jAtA hai| usakI Urdhvagati nahIM ho paatii| yuvaka sudarzana lAla pratibhAprakarSa aura utsAha se saMbalita the| vipattiyoM ke thaper3e khAne para bhI bikhare nahIM, khare utare, kanduka ke samAna utkRSTatA prApta kii| kAzI kI jJAnagaMgA meM avagAhana kiyaa| vArANasI ke syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya meM pAramparika zAstroM ke vidyAbhyAsa dvArA prAcya-vidyAoM kA cUDAnta jJAna prApta kiyaa| kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM vidyAbhyAsa ke dvArA pAzcAttya vidyAsaraNi meM kauzala prApta kiyaa| vahIM para 38 varSoM ke dIrgha avadhi meM vidyAdAna meM nirata rhe| ziSyoM ke ajJAnAndhakAra ko dUra karanA brahmayajJa se kathamapi nyUna nahIM ThaharatA-'adhyApanaM brhmyjnyH|' adhyApana jJAnadAna ke atirikta Apane nirdezana, anusandhAna, granthalekhana aura sampAdana kArya bhI susampanna kiye| zubhAzaMsanAoM se vibhUSita karate hue mujhako pUrNa vizvAsa hai ki bhaviSya meM bhI Apa jJAnadhArA ko agrasArita karate rheNge| cirAyuSya kI kAmanA ke sAtha, padmazrI pro0 bhAgIratha prasAda tripAThI 'vAgIza zAstrI' pUrvanidezaka, anusandhAna saMsthAna, saM.saM.vizvavidyAla, saMsthApaka, vAgyoga cetanApIThama

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siddha-sArasvata zubhAzaMsA ativicitraparamparAvAhI khalvayaM sNsaarH| atra sabhyA viralAH / sabhAsu vAkpATavaprakaTIkaraNavicakSaNAstu virltraaH| teSvapi manogataM samyag vAci nivezya gambhIramartha yathocitaM prakAzaM prApayanto bhavanti viralatamAH dhairyadhurINAH sAdhavo mAnadhanAH jJAnagahanAH / yathoktaM mahAkavinA bhAraviNA - bhavanti te sabhyatamA vipazcitAM manogataM vAci nivezayanti ye| nayanti teSvapyupapannanaipuNA gabhIramartha katicit prkaashtaam|| sArasvatayAtrAyAH adhyavasAyI pAnthaH zAnto dAntaH zucirdhImAn zrImAn sudarzanalAlajainaH etAdRzeSu sabhyeSu anyatamatvaM bhjte| ayaM mahAnubhAva: saMskRtavyAkaraNe, saMskRtapAliprAkRtasAhitye ca kRtabhUriparizramaH / vinayazca nayazcaiva sA saarsvtsaadhnaa| zrIsudarzanalAlasya prazasyaM sarvameva vai|| samagre bhArate puNye prasRtA shissymnnddlii| rArAjate patAkeva sukIrterasya nirmlaa|| etAdRzasya sujanakalpataroH sammAne granthaH prakAzyata iti mahato harSasya paritoSasya ca viSayaH / zatAyurayaM bhavatu, anizaM sarasvatI sevamAnaH svAsthya santoSaM sukha samRddhiM cAnubhavatu iti kAmayate - pro0 rAdhAvallabha tripAThI pUrva saMskRtavibhAgAdhyakSa, DaoN. harisiMha gaura vizvavidyAlaya, sAgara pUrvakulapati, rASTriya saMskRta saMsthAna, naI dillI

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siddha-sArasvata maGgala kAmanA pro. sudarzana lAla jaina kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke chAtra rahe haiM aura unhoMne kalA saGkAya ke antargata Ane vAle saMskRta vibhAga meM 38 varSoM taka adhyApana kArya kiyA hai| saMskRta vibhAga ke adhyakSa aura kAlasaGkAya pramukha (DIna) ke rUpa meM kuzala prazAsana kA paricaya diyaa| zaikSaNika gatividhiyoM meM kaI nae AyAma sthApita kie| kalAsaGkAya ke saGkAyapramukha ke rUpa meM kAryarata rahate hue Apane urdU, marAThI, myUjiyolAjI, bhArata kalA bhavana, jarmana Adi vibhAgoM ke adhyakSa ke rUpa meM bhI samaya samaya para dAyitva kA nirvAha kiyaa| bhArata zAsana dvArA samasta vizvavidyAlayoM meM nayI parIkSA paddhati lAgU kiye jAne kA nirNaya lie jAne para vizvavidyAlaya ke kalAsaGkAya meM snAtaka tathA snAtakottara stara para semesTara sisTama lAgU karane meM ApakI mahanIya bhUmikA rahI hai| svabhAvata: sarala prakRti ke sAtha anuzAsanapriya pro. jaina ke saGkAya ke prAdhyApakoM tathA chAtroM ke sAtha madhura sambandha rhe| mujhe yaha jAnakara atyanta prasannatA huI kI jaina zAstra va vAGmaya ke kSetra meM kie gae abhUtapUrva kAryoM ke lie bhArata zAsana ne Apako deza ke sarvocca sammAna rASTrapati puraskAra se sammAnita kiyA hai| __ Apake abhinandana grantha ke prakAzana kA samAcAra sunakara prasannatA huii| yaha hamAre liye harSa kA viSaya hai ki vizvavidyAlaya tathA mahAmanA mAlavIya ke prati ApakA jo AdarabhAva rahA hai aura jisa samarpaNa ke sAtha Apane saMsthA aura jainavidyA ko apanI sevAeM pradAna kI haiM ve Apake sevAnivRtta hone ke uparAnta bhI nirantara banI huI haiN| vizvavidyAlaya parivAra kI tarapha se maiM Apake bhaviSya kI tathA uttama svAsthya kI kAmanA karatA huuN| pro. rAkeza bhaTanAgara kulapati, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI

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siddha-sArasvata maGgala-bhAvanA mujhe yaha jAnakara atyanta prasannatA hai ki saMskRta, prAkRta Adi bhASAoM evaM jainadarzana ke variSTha manISI AdaraNIya guruvara pro. sudarzana lAla jaina jI kA abhinandana-grantha prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai| Apake kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI ke saMskRta vibhAga meM adhyApana ke samaya mujhe bhI Apase par3hane kA saubhAgya prApta huaa| ApakI sAdagI, vinamratA tathA vidvattA vidyArthiyoM ke lie anukaraNIya rahI hai| vahA~ saMskRta vibhAga ke adhyakSa tathA kalA saGkAya ke pramukha ke rUpa meM bhI Apane saphala dAyitva kA nirvAha kiyaa| prAkRtabhASA meM viziSTa yogadAna ke lie rASTrapati puraskAra se sammAnita Apane saMskRta tathA jainadarzana ke kSetra meM bhI kaI navIna kRtiyoM kA sarjana evaM sampAdana kiyA hai, jisake lie jainavidyA kI sampUrNa paramparA kRtajJa hai| Apa dIrghAyu hoM tathA isI prakAra zruta kI ArAdhanA evaM sevA karate raheM- yahI maGgala bhAvanA hai| Adara evam azeSa zubhakAmanAoM sahita / / pro. rameza kumAra pANDeya kulapati, zrIlAlabahAdurazAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha, naI dillI

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siddha-sArasvata prazaMsanIya aura anukaraNIya vyaktitva mujhe bar3I hI prasannatA hai yaha jAnakara ki prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina jI, jinhoMne aneka varSoM taka kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM saMskRta viSaya kA adhyApana kiyA tathA prAzasanika kArya bhI bar3I kuzalatA se kie, unake sammAna hetu jo abhinandana grantha vItarAga vANI TrasTa nikAla rahA hai, bar3A hI stutya kArya hai| maiM pro. jaina kI vinamratA, saralatA, spaSTatA tathA prabhAvazAlI vyaktitva kA sadA prazaMsaka rahA huuN| unakA zaikSaNika jagat meM yogadAna sarvavidita, prazaMsanIya aura anukaraNIya hai| ve bI. eca. yU. ke chAtra bhI rahe haiN| aneka viSayoM ke tathA bhASAoM ke jJAtA haiN| rASTrapati sammAna se sammAnita haiN| sevAnivRtti ke bAda samarpita bhAva se pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI meM nidezaka ke rUpa meM aneka prazaMsanIya kArya kiye haiN| vibhinna avasaroM para uccastarIya saGgoSThiyoM meM mujhe jAne kA avasara milA aura unakI vidvattA kI chApa aisI saGgoSThiyoM meM dekhane ko milii| Izvara se prArthanA hai ki ve AgAmI varSoM meM bhI vidvajjagat meM apanA advitIya yogadAna karate rheN| hama unake ujjvala bhaviSya kI kAmanA karate haiN| prophesara veNImAdhava prasAda zukla pUrvakulapati, gorakhapura vizvavidyAlaya, gorakhapura

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siddha-sArasvata zubhAzaMsA pro0 sudarzanalAla jI jaina parama naiSThika jaina dharmAvalambI haiN| inake sAtha inakI dharmapatnI aura pUjanIyA sAsa, jo aba zivasAyujya ko prApta kara gayI haiM, ko maiMne dekhA hai ki ve jaina dharma ke AcAra-vyavahAra kA sAkSAt vigraha rahI haiN| jaina dharma meM prApta hone vAle sAmAnya va viziSTa donoM prakAra ke AcAra-vyavahAra Apake parivAra meM pratiSThita haiM, yaha prasannatA kA viSaya hai| AcAra kI zuddhi se hI sattva kI zuddhi hotI hai aura vahI manuSya ke bandhana ke kaMcuka ko samApta karane meM sAdhaka hotA hai| kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga meM sudIrgha sevAkAla ke daurAna pro0 jaina nirantara adhyayanazIla rahe aura yathAmati navIna granthoM ke lekhana, sampAdana, anuvAda, saMrakSaNa aura sarvopari chAtropayogI saMskRta vyAkaraNa - 'saMskRtapravezikA' ke rUpa meM upalabdha karAne meM sahAyaka rhe| unakI yaha saphalatA zlAghanIya hai| maiM unakA abhinandana karatA hU~ aura unake dIrghAyuSya aura uttama svAsthya kI kAmanA karatA huuN| pro. revAprasAda dvivedI adhyakSa, kAlidAsa saMsthAna,imeriTasa prophesara, saMskRta vidyA dharma vijJAna saGkAya,kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya zubhAzaMsanam kAzyAM pUtatame kSetre puNye bhaagiirthiittte| vizvavikhyAtahinvAkhyAvizvavidyAlayaH sthitH| 1 / / kaletyAkhye'tra saGkAye vibhAgo'styeva sNskRtH| zAstrajJairbahubhiH puSTo dezadezAntare zrutaH / / 2 / / vibhAgAdhyakSatArUDhaH sngkaayprmukhstthaa| sudarzanAkhyajaino'sau lokavizrutitAM gataH / / / / kAyena manasA vAcA yasyAsti darzanaM shubhm| so'yaM sudarzano nAmA khyAte'sti krmnisstthyaa||4|| mImAMsAdarzane prauDhaH sNskRtvaakprshikssnne| jainAgamAdizAstreSu kRtabhUriparizramaH / / 5 / / sammAnito'sti sadyo'sau rASTrapatimahodayaiH / puraskRto'sti tatkIrtyA bahubhiH prAntazAsanaiH / / 6 / / atIva saralaH zreyAn mRdubhASI svbhaavtH| jainadharmAvalambyeSa vAGmanaH sNymvrtii||7|| nirvairo nirbhayazcAsau parahitakaraH sdaa| 27

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siddha-sArasvata vizvavidyAlaye khyAtaH sudarzanaH sudarzanaH / / 8 / / chAtrapraNayavRttitvAd bahudhA klezamAzritaH / prAzAsakaiH padairyuktaH syAdathavA padaM vinaa||9|| dIrghAyuSAM bhavedeSa yuktaH svasthazca saMyamAt / saMskRtajIvanazcAsau saMskRtasevayAnvitaH / / 10 / / pro. gopabandhumizraH pUrvasaMskRta vibhAgAdhyakSaH, kAzI-hindU-vizvavidyAlayaH kulapatiH, zrIsomanAthasaMskRtavizvavidyAlayaH, gujarAtapradeza: zubhakAmanA saMdeza atyanta harSa kA viSaya hai ki vidvadvareNya pro. sudarzana lAla jaina ke abhinandana grantha kA prakAzana ho rahA hai| kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga ke prophesara evam adhyakSa tathA bhUtapUrva nidezaka, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI DaoN0 sudarzana lAla jaina bahuta hI sarala svabhAvI evaM vinayazIla manISI haiN| inhoMne saMskRta vibhAga tathA kalA saGkAya ke samunnayana meM sarAhanIya kArya kie haiN| Apa chAtroM ke hita meM sadaiva tatpara rahate haiN| Apa saMskRta-hindI bhASAoM ke sAtha-sAtha prAkRta evaM pAli bhASAoM ke bhI niSNAta vidvAn haiN| jaina darzana tathA bhAratIya darzana ke sAtha sAhitya aura bhASAvijJAna ke bhI manISI haiN| kaI zodha-lekha tathA grantha likhe haiN| jisase inheM mahAmahima rASTrapati dvArA bhI sammAnita kiyA gayA hai| vAstava meM Apa siddha-sArasvata haiN| hama Apake ujjvala bhaviSya ke sAtha svastha nirogI rahane kI kAmanA karate haiN| yaha bhI prabhu se prArthanA hai ki Apa jIvana ke aMtima samaya taka sarasvatI kI upAsanA karate rheN| ___ 'padmazrI' pro. rAmazaMkara tripAThI pUrva zramaNavidyAsaGkAyAdhyakSa, saM.saM.vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI bhAvi pIr3hI ke lie tarjanIvat' vidvadvareNya pro. sudarzana lAla jaina jI para kendrita abhinandana grantha kA prakAzana vidvad samAja meM mArga-darzana kA kArya kregaa| unake vyaktitva aura kRtitva para jitanI sAmagrI usameM prakAzita hogI vaha agalI pIr3hI ke lie tarjanIvat pramukha aMgulI sAbita hogii| adhyApakIya jIvana meM yahI mukhya hai ki hama naI pIr3hI ko kyA de pA rahe haiN| hama apane samAja ko kyA de pA rahe haiN| pro. sudarzana lAla jaina jI ne apanI prakANDa vidvattA ke mAdhyama se yaha anAyAsa hI kara dikhAyA hai| unake zatAyu hone kI kAmanA hai| pro. e. araviMdAsana bhUtapUrva kulapati,mahAtmA gAMdhI antArASTrIya hiMdI vizvavidyAlaya, vardhA

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siddha-sArasvata pANDityapUrNa vyaktitva evaM zodhakartAoM ke hRdaya samrATa vidyAvAridhi, siddhAntamahodadhi, zodhamanISI sarvatomukhI pratibhA sampanna vidvAn, mRdubhASI, saumyamUrti tathA milanasAra prakRti ke snehI vidvAn pro. DaoN. zrI sudarzana lAla jI apane vyavahAra se pratyeka milane vAle ko AkarSita kie binA nahIM rhte| prAyaH deza kI aisI koI sAhityika patrikA nahIM jisameM inakA nibaMdha na chapA ho| sabhI prakAra ke nibaMdhoM kA ekamAtra lekhana jJAna prophesara sAhaba meM vidyamAna haiN| zodhArthI chAtroM ke liye to DaoNkTara sAhaba kalpavRkSa rahe haiN| ApakI aneka sAhityika racanAe~ evaM unake sAhityika mahattvapUrNa kArya aise haiM jinase unakA akSaya pANDitya prasiddha hai| jaina saMskRti ke maulika tattvoM para to ApakA asamAnya adhikAra hai hI parantu hindI-saMskRta-prAkRtaapabhraMza-aMgrejI jaisI bhAratIya bhASAoM ke anuzIlana meM bhI ApakI anupama abhiruci hai| usake kAraNa ApakA jJAna kSetra itanA vistIrNa ho cukA hai jisase anekoM snAtakoM ne abhUta pUrva lAbha prApta kiyaa| Apake AlekhoM meM vizAla evaM niSpakSa hRdaya kI pUrI-pUrI jhalaka milatI hai| ApakA vyaktitva vastutatva kA paricayAka evaM dhArmika mUlyAGkana kA prazaMsanIya pratIka hai| jisa lagana ke sAtha Apa apanA kAma karate haiM vaha sarvathA prazaMsanIya evaM anukaraNIya hai| Apane jIvana bhara niSkAma bhAva se jo sAhitya sevA kI va kara rahe haiM vaha sadaiva smaraNIya evaM preraNAdAyI rhegii| zrI pro. DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI kA abhinaMdana kevala unhIM kA abhinaMdana hI nahIM vaha to jainasaMskRti evaM jaina zrAvaka samAja kA eka adbhuta pratibhAzAlI vibhUti kA abhinaMdana hai|| hamArI zubhakAmanA hai ki Apa dIrghakAla taka sAhitya sevA ke sAtha-samAja-dharma evaM zramaNa saMskRti kI sevA ke sAtha Atma-sAdhanA meM saMlagna rahakara jIvana ke kSaNoM kA sadupayoga karate rheN| merI hArdika maMgala kAmanA hai ki pro. DaoN. sudarzanalAla jI dIrghAyu hokara dharma samAja sAhitya saMskRti kI sevA kara yazasvI bne| merI ora se namratA pUrvaka abhivaadn| pratiSThAcArya paM. vimala kumAra jaina sorayA pradhAna sampAdaka-vItarAgavANI mAsika TIkamagar3ha (ma.pra.) jainadarzana ke marmajJa vidvAn aura buMdelakhaNDa ke ratna mujhe yaha jAnakara pramoda huA ki jainadarzana ke marmajJa vidvAna bundelakhaNDa ke ratna 'DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina' kA abhinandana grantha prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai| Apa a.bhA. di. jaina vidvatpariSad ke variSTha sadasya rahate hue aneka padoM ko suzobhita kara cuke haiN| 'deva-zAstra-guru' ApakI maulika kRti kA samAja meM acchA samAdara huA hai| ekIkRta vidvatpariSad meM Apane mahAmaMtrI tathA bAda meM hamAre sAtha upAdhyakSa va kAryAdhyakSa jaise padoM para rahakara mahAna kArya kiyA hai| buMdelakhaNDa kI isa vibhUti para mujhe garva hai| Apa nirantara svAdhyAyazIla rahakara AtmakalyANa kA mArga prazasta kareM, yahI maGgala bhAvanA hai| DaoN. hukamacanda bhArilla adhyakSa, a.bhA. di. jaina vidvatpariSada evaM mahAmantrI, pa. ToDaramala smAraka TrasTa, jayapura 20

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siddha-sArasvata kathanI-karanI kI ekarUpatA ke Adarza DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina se merA paricaya lagabhaga 56 varSa pUrva kA hai, jaba ve uttarAdhyayanasUtra para apanA zodhakArya kara rahe the| mere zodha kA viSaya bhI uttarAdhyayana, dhammapada aura gItA kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana hI thaa| mere zodha prabandha kI maukhikI hetu DaoN. bhIkanalAla aMtre Ae the, unhoMne mujhe batAyA ki uttarAdhyayana para to banArasa meM zrI sudarzanalAla jaina kAma kara rahe hai, ata: unhoMne mujhe viSaya badalane kA sujhAva diyA, phalata: mujhe apanA zodha viSaya unake sujhAva anusAra eka hI rAta meM badalanA pdd'aa| yadyapi maiM isI samaya se hI zrI sudarzanalAlajI jaina ko jAnatA hU~, phira bhI unase nikaTa paricaya mujhe pratiniyukti para banArasa jAne ke bAda huaa| ve eka zramaniSTha aura puruSArthI puruSa hai aura uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke mAdhyama se unakI zvetAmbara Agama sAhitya meM bhI gaharI peTha hai| unake zodhaprabandha kA zvetAmbara paramparA meM hindI se gujarAtI meM anuvAda bhI huA hai aura vaha pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI se prakAzita bhI hai| DaoN sudarzanalAla jaina saralamanA vyaktitva ke dhanI haiM, unameM kathanI aura karanI kI ekarUpatA hai aura yahI kAraNa thA ki vicAroM ke isa pakSa para merI unase gahana mitratA bhI hai| digambara paramparA meM utpanna hokara bhI unhoMne eka zvetAmbara Agama grantha ko apanA zodha kA viSaya banAyA, yahI unake vyaktitva kI vizeSatA hai| DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina kA vyaktitva khAMDa ke samAna madhura hai| ve svabhAva se sahaja aura saralamanA vyaktitva ke dhAraka haiN| unake jIvana meM maiMne doharepana kA abhAva pAyA hai| unhoMne prAkRta bhASA ke lie 'prAkRta-dIpikA' nAmaka grantha bhI likhA hai| maiM unake sahaja vyaktitva ko praNAma karatA hU~ aura yaha apekSA karatA hU~ ki ve zatAyu hokara jIvanaparyanta aise hI bane rheN| eka zramaniSTha aura dUradarzI ke rUpa meM unakA vyaktitva dinapratidina vRddhigata hotA rhe| inhIM zubhakAmanAoM ke sAtha ApakA bhAI - pro. sAgaramala jaina saMsthApaka evaM DAyarekTara, prAcya vidyA zodha saMsthAna, zAjApura hArdika abhinandana kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya kalA saGkAya ke saMskRta evaM jainavidyA ke vidvAna pro. sudarzana lAla jaina kA abhinandana grantha prakAzita ho rahA hai yaha jAnakara atizaya prasannatA huii| abhinandana hI Ananda dAyaka hotA hai yadi abhinandana grantha hI prakAzita ho rahA ho to Ananda meM vRddhi svAbhAvika ho jAtI hai| pro. sudarzanalAla jI sudarzana hone ke sAtha sAtha svabhAva se vinamra aura sarala haiN| vyavahArakuzala evaM mRdu bhASI hone ke kAraNa tanAva pUrNa paristhitiyA~ inase dUrI banAye rahatI haiM aura ye sadaiva prasanna rahate haiN| sevA nivRtti ke bAda bhI ye zaikSaNika saMsthAoM kI vibhinna gatividhiyoM se sadaiva jur3e rahate haiN| inakI zaikSaNika sevAoM ke nimitta inheM rASTrapati sammAna se alaMkRta kiyA jA cukA hai| vidvAn ke jIvana kA sukhada pakSa yahI hotA hai ki usakA svAdhyAya, manana, cintana aura lekhana nirvAdha calatA rhe| zikSaNa saMsthAyeM evaM sAMskRtika-sAmAjika saMgaThana unake jJAna se lAbhAnvita hote rheN| inhIM vizeSatAoM se vidvAn kabhI sevA nivRtta nahIM mAnA jaataa| usakI sevAoM kI sadaiva apekSA banI rahatI hai| mujhe vizvAsa hai bhaviSya meM bhI saMsthAyeM pro. jaina kI sevAoM se lAbhAnvita hotI rheNgii| mai inake svastha, karmaTha evaM dIrgha jIvana kI kAmanAoM ke sAtha hArdika abhinandana karatA huuN| pro. rAmacandra pANDeya pUrva saGkAya pramukha- saMskRtavidyA dharmavijJAna saGkAya, bI.eca.yU, vArANasI

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siddha-sArasvata ||shriimnti sdgunnprigrhmngglaani|| zuklapakSIyacandravadudAttazubhracaritam vividhavidyAvidyotitAnta:karaNaviduSAM nagarIyaM kAzI, tatrApi vividhadharmadarzanavidvadvareNyAnAM saMskRtasAhityAloDane pratibhAtyevAnirvacanIyaM kiJcidviziSTaM yogdaanm| tAdRzatapasvimUrdhanyavidvatsu sArasvatamanthanAlabdhAparimitavijJAnanavanItAnAM jAgatikadurdAntaprapaJcacchidAM mahAvIrasvAmyArAdhakaparamabhaktAnAM syAdvAdAnekAntavAdAdiprauDhasiddhAntaniSNAtAnAM na dainyaM na palAyanamiti nItimAcaratAM zAstrAnukUlaparipUtAtmanAM zuklapakSIyacandravadudAttazubhracaritAnAM sarvamAnaveSu dravIbhUtacittAnAM kSAntyaudAryavibhAsitajIvanAnAM vidhRtaprasaGgocitamativivekAnAM labdhasImitasaMsAdhanairapi paramasantoSiNAM vikasitasumadhurapuSpAkRtInAM vidyAvinayamUrtInAM nijavidyArthihiteSvAhitamatInAM lokavizvAsacAturIpratipannAnAmaGgIkRtasaGkalpanirvAhakANAM supakvadhAnyopamavinayavratinAM nijodAttaguNavaibhavena sahiSNutayA ca viparItamatikAnapi prasAdayatAmarindamAnAM saMskRtasAhityavimarza cAvirAmaM vihitadurgamayAtrANAM svajanmanA prAkRtikaramaNIyatAbhAsita-madhyapradezIyAvanImalaGkurvatAmuttarAdhyayanasUtra-saMskRtapravezikA-prAkRtadIpikAtarkasaMgraha-karpUramaJjarI-dravyasaGgraha-samyagdarzanAdikRtisampAdakalekhakAnAM mahAmahimarASTra patipuraskAra sammAnitAnAM kimbahunottarapradezasaMskRtasaMsthAnIya-puraskAra catuSTayairvibhUSitAnAM bI.eca.yU.zikSakazrIsammAnasabhAjitAnAM kAzIhindUvizvavidyAlayIyasaMskRtavibhAgAcAryANAM tatraiva vibhAgAdhyakSapadaM niyUMDhavatA suyazasvinAM paramazraddhayAnAM pro.sudarzanalAlajainamahodayAnAM tattadvidvanmaNDalena prakAzanIye'bhinandanagranthe svIyazubhAzaMsanazabdaprasUnAJjaliM samarpya prmsaubhaagymnubhvaami|| jainAcAryA ime nijazAstrIyAvadAnena svaguNagarimNA cAzeSakIrti bhAjo vilokyanta ev| ahaM tadIyamAGgalyasaukhyArogyAyuSyaizvaryANi sAmbasadAzivAya kAzikeyAya nivedayan nitarAmadyApi saMskRtazAstravimarzayajJe chAtropakAre ca tadIyaviziSTajJAnAhutiM kAmayamAnastadabhinandanagranthe prakAzayitumupagacchatyasmin jainAcAryANAmeSAmabhinandanaM vidadhAnazzubhakAmanAM vitarAmi santuSyAmi ceti| pro.dharmadattacaturvedI saMskRtavibhAgAdhyakSaH zabdavidyAsaGkAyapramukhazca kendrIyauccatibbatIzikSAsaMsthAnam (mAnitavizvavidyAlayaH), sAranAthaH, vArANasI sudarzanAbhidhAnaH saH sarvaguNa-vicakSaNaH (mahAmahima rASTrapati-sammAna se vibhUSita manISI DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina sarvaguNa sampanna vidvatpravara haiM) 'maJjalA' nAmnI jayati nagarI zrIjinendraprasAdAt, yatrAjasraM bhavati sukhadA dharmavarSA prshsyaa| 'siddhelAlaH' saralajanaka: 'sarasvatI' -siddhA ca mAtA, svaM svaM dAyaM pravahan mudA 'damoha'-nagare hi vstH||||| jJAnAbhyAsI sutazzreSThas- tayorAsIcca naiSThikaH / 'sudarzanA'-bhidhAnaH saH, sarva-guNa-vicakSaNaH / / 2 / / bundela-bhUmau saJjAtaH, 'kaTanI-sAgara'-zikSitaH / vArANasyAmadhIto yaH, 'sussttu'-'drshn'-pnndditH||3|| prazasta-sAdhanA-zIlaH, nityodyama-parAyaNaH / prajJA-pAraGgataH eSaH, prAcya-bhASA-vizAradaH / / 4 / / 31

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siddha-sArasvata pratyutpannamatiryukto, samyak- zAsana-zAsakaH / 'manoramA'- patnI vijJA, prasannavadanA sdaa||5|| karmavIro dayAvIraH, vidyAvIraH snaatnH| 'sudarzano' gatadarpaH, 'vidyA-vrata'-parAyaNaH / / 6 / / zramaNa-vidyA-marmajJaH, 'aacaaryopaadhi'-mnndditH| sAdhUnAmAziSaM prApto, jaina-vidyA-nidezakaH / / 7 / / 'DAkTaropAdhi'-saMyukto, naikgrnth-vidhaaykH| 'vidvatpariSat'-mantrI yaH, 'upAdhyakSattva-maNDitaH / / 8 / / vyAkhyAne suSThu marmajJaH, 'zrutaratnaH' sanAtanaH / saphalo yojakazcaiva, naika-saMsthAna-dezakaH / / 9 / / mahAmahima rASTra pramukhena, smmaanit-sudhiivrH| kRtakRtyaH sadA-namraH, zodhakarma-nidezakaH / / 10 / / yo bhASAsu tathA tadaGga-nicaye cAturya-cUDAmaNiH, yazcAzeSa-kalA-kalApa-kalano vaidgdhy-rtnaakrH| saMskRta-prAkRta-jainatattva-nipuNas samyak -sudhIH sthairyavAn, bahu-bhASA-vid paNDito guNagaNI, 'sudarzanA'-khyaH sudhIH / / 11 / / vidvad-bhUSaNo vAgmI, 'sudarzanaH' sadA sdaa| jIvyAcchatAdhikaM varSa, kAmyate hi punaH punH||12 / / pro. DaoN. bhAgacandro jaino 'bhAgenduH' pUrva sacivaH, madhyapradeza zAsana-saMskRta-akAdamI, bhopAla (ma.pra.) pUrvanidezakaH, rASTriyaprAkRta adhyayana saMzodhana saMsthAna, zravaNavelagolA (karnATaka) nidezakaH, saMskRta prAkRta tathA jainavidyA anusandhAna kendra, damoha (ma.pra.) siddhasArasvatasyAbhinandanam nivRttimApanno yo vishrutkaashiivishvvidyaalyaat| satkRto'sau sudarzanaH rASTrapateH purskaarenn|| svabuddhiM sUkSmAM sadA, nivezyAtigahane shaastrsmudre| kIrteH vistRtaM paTaM, vayate sa sudhInAM sNsdi|| siddhAntasucintAyAM ramatetarAM yasya sadA shemussii| siddhasArasvato'sau prkRtimRdulo'bhinndniiyH|| ziSyAyApatyasamAnavatsalatayA jJAnaprado nityshH| prAkRtasaMskRtAdInAM bhASANAM paNDito giiyte|| nAnAzAstrapravINa: naikagranthapraNetA suhRdyH| 32

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siddha-sArasvata jinaprabhuzaraNa eSo vareNyaH sudarzanalAlaH / / labdhapratiSTho loke vaidussyaadigunnaaclaagrvstiH| samarpitaM yena nijaM sujIvanaM vAGmayasevane mudaa|| jIyAt sa zaradAM zataM saubhaagyaarogykiirtismnvitH| sarvavidhaiH saukhyairiti naH haardklyaannkaamnaa|| pro. kusuma paToriyA, DI.liT pUrva prophesara, saMskRtavibhAga, nAgapura vizvavidyAlaya, nAgapura ojasvI mIThI-vANI kA jJAna-bhaNDAra agrajavarya pro. sudarzanalAla jI ko varSoM se jAnatA huuN| Apa bI.eca.yU. meM saMskRta vibhAgAdhyakSa rahe haiN| inake ghara para maiMne aneka bAra bhojana kiyA hai| pUjya bhAbhI jI (ApakI patnI) kA jIvana saMyamita hai| ucca padastha hote hue bhI sAdA jIvana ucca vicAra ApameM anusyUta rahe haiN| jayadhavala pustaka 16 meM paM. zrI phUlacandra siddhAnta zAstrI jI ke sAtha hama donoM ne saMzodhaka ke rUpa meM kArya kiyA hai| udayapura meM Apake Agamana para bhI Apase milanA huA hai| ojasvI mIThI vANI se Apake jJAna kA bhaMDAra saba ko vaza meM kara letA hai| isa abhinandana grantha ke prakAzana kI pAvana belA meM hama dampatI ApakA abhinandana evaM abhivAdana karate haiM tathA bhAvI jIvana maGgalamaya ho yaha bhAvanA vyakta karate haiN| abhilASA hai ki alpatama bhava meM samyaktva ko prApta kareM tathA saMyama kI pUrNatA karake muktiramA kA varaNa kreN| bhadraM bhUyAt / zubhAste panthAnaH / / paM. javAharalAla jaina evaM zrImatI kailAza jaina miNDaravAle, udayapura Atma- prazaMsA se dUra samarpita mniissii| DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina purAnI pIr3hI ke aise virala vidvAn haiM jinhoMne vizvavidyAlayIna sevA meM rahate hue bhI jaina samAja se jIvanta samparka banAe rakhA tathA pAramparika vidvAn ke rUpa meM digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM paramparAoM ke saMskRta, prAkRta sAhitya kA gahana gambhIra adhyayana kara akAdamika samudAya ko aneka zreSTha kRtiyA~ upalabdha karAI haiN| yadi zvetAmbara paramparA ke uttarAdhyayana sUtra para unhoMne apanA zodha prabaMdha likhA to saMskRta-pravezikA evaM prAkRta-dIpikA likhakara ina bhASAoM ke adhyayana kI zurUAta karane vAle yuvA vidvAnoM kA patha sugama kiyaa| maiMne ApakI kRti deva zAstra guru par3hI hai jo gAgara meM sAgara hai| pro. jaina ke nirdezana meM 44 vidyArthiyoM ne pI-eca.DI saphalatApUrvaka pUrNa kI hai| yaha svayaM hI eka gauravapUrNa upalabdhi hai kyoMki banArasa hindU vizvavidyAlaya jaise antarrASTrIya khyAti prApta vizvavidyAlaya se 44 vidyArthiyoM ko pI-eca.DI. karAnA svayaM meM eka kIrtimAna hai| samAja aura vidvAna donoM meM ApakI samAna peTha hai tabhI to Apa jahA~ eka ora jaina samAja kAzI, nariyA digambara jaina mandira kAzI, gaNezavarNI saMsthAna vArANasI Adi ke prabaMdhana se adhyakSa, maMtrI Adi padoM ke mAdhyama se jur3e rahe to dUsarI ora akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvat pariSada ke maMtrI aura upAdhyakSa ke rUpa meM pariSad ke svarNima kAla meM Apane netRtva pradAna kiyaa| ma. pra. kI rAjadhAnI bhopAla A jAne se aba ma. pra. ke vidvAn nikaTa samparka meM rahakara Apake vaiduSya kA lAbha le skeNge| ___ maiM apanI evaM vidvata mahAsana kI ora se DaoN. jaina ke amRta-mahotsava ke punIta avasara para prakAzita hone vAle siddha-sArasvata grantha ke prakAzana kI saphalatA tathA pro. jaina ke svastha, sudIrgha, sakriya evaM yazasvI jIvana kI maGgala kAmanA karatA huuN| DaoN.anupama jaina kAryAdhyakSa, tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva jaina vidvat mahAsaGgha, indaura 33

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siddha-sArasvata vaiduSya aura sadAzayatA kI mUrti maiM kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke kalA itihAsa vibhAga meM thA aura pro. sudarzana lAla jaina jI kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke hI saMskRta vibhAga meM the aura mujhase variSTha the| pro. jaina ne kalA saGkAya ke saGkAya pramukha ke rUpa meM apanI prazAsanika kSamatA se sabhI ko apanA banA liyA thA aura adhyApaka unake nirdeza evaM parAmarza ko gambhIratA se lete aura amala karate the| zaikSaNika dRSTi se bhI saGkAya pramukha ke rUpa meM unake kAryakAla meM vibhinna vibhAgoM meM kaI kArya evaM saGgoSThiyA~ huii| unake kAryakAla meM svayaM maiMne bhI vibhAgAdhyakSa ke rUpa meM bhAratIya kalA ke manISI vidvAn pro. vAsudeva zaraNa agravAla para eka saGgoSThI kA Ayojana kiyA thA jisameM pratyeka stara para unakA parAmarza aura sahayoga milA, jo avismaraNIya hai|| pro. jaina saMskRta ke sAtha hI jainavidyA ke bhI apratima vidvAn haiM, isI kAraNa vArANasI jaina zodha saMsthAna pArzvanAtha vidyApITha meM avakAza prApti ke bAda pro. jaina ko nidezaka ke rUpa meM kArya karane ke lie Amantrita kiyA gyaa| saMsthAna ke nidezaka ke rUpa meM bhI zodha, prakAzana aura anya zaikSaNika gatividhiyoM ko pro. jaina ne gati pradAna kii| vAstava meM vyakti jaba taka kAryakSetra meM prazAsanika aura anya padoM para kAryarata rahatA hai usakA Akalana hama apanI-apanI svArthapUrti kI dRSTi se karate haiN| vAstavika Akalana to avakAza prApti ke bAda hI ho pAtA hai| isa dRSTi se maiM yaha kaha sakatA hU~ ki eka vidvAn evaM sahRdaya vyakti ke rUpa meM Aja sabhI pro. jaina kA sammAna karate haiM aura usI rUpa meM yAda karate haiN| yaha pro. jaina kI upalabdhi mAnI jAyegI, nahIM to avakAza prApti ke bAda kauna yAda karatA hai| maiM Izvara se prArthanA karatA hU~ ki mere agraja pro. sudarzanalAla jaina dIrghAyu hoM aura vidyAdhyayana ke kSetra meM sarvadA hameM apane adhyayana evaM zodha kA lAbha dete rheN| pro. mArutinandana tivArI prophesara emireTasa, kalA itihAsa, vibhAga, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI nArikela-sama svabhAvI pro. sudarzana lAla jaina kA hamAre ghara prAyaH tattvacarcA hetu AvAgamana hotA rahatA thaa| inakA sarala vyaktitva aura nirbhIka pANDitya bar3A prabhAvaka hotA thaa| ve svabhAvataH sarala prakRti ke haiM parantu anuzAsana-priya haiN| 'nArikelasama' ApakA svabhAva Upara se kaThora aura antaraGga se madhura hai| ye saMskRta, prAkRta, pAli, apabhraMza, aMgrejI, hindI Adi bhASAoM ke acche jJAtA haiN| bI.eca.yU ke 23 vibhAga vAle kalA saGkAya ke DIna ke rUpa meM Apa saMskRta ke sAtha marAThI, urdU, myUjolaoNjI, bhAratakalA bhavana, jarmana Adi vibhAgoM ke bhI adhyakSa rahe haiN| kalA saGkAya ko eka nayA rUpa pradAna kiyA hai| kaI naye pAThyakrama prArambha kraaye| sAmAjika vijJAna saGkAya aura vijJAna saGkAya ke viSayoM ko par3hane kI suvidhA bhI Apane apane kalA saGkAya ke chAtroM ko dilaaii| ApakI prazAsana kSamatA sabase bar3I vizeSatA thI adhyApakasaGgha aura chAtroM se tAlamela banAe rakhate the| ApakI yaha karmaThatA sadA banI rahe aura svastha rahakara deza kI sevA karate rheN| pro. zrImatI annapUrNA zuklA pUrva prAcArya, mahilA mahAvidyAlaya, bI.eca.yU., vArANasI

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siddha-sArasvata vidadvareNya karmaTha pro0 sudarzana lAla jaina pro0 sudarzana lAla jI kA janma damoha (ma.pra.) ke eka gA~va meM huA thaa| bacapana meM hI Apako apanI mAtA kI mRtyu ke kAraNa musIbata kA sAmanA karanA pdd'aa| Apake pitA eka zikSaka the evaM ve cAhate the ki beTA bhI vahIM zikSaka kI naukarI kara le| magara kucha alaga karane kI lalaka ApameM thI evaM Apane vArANasI ko apanA kArya kSetra bnaayaa| Arthika saMkaTa ke kAraNa Apane vArANasI ke syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya meM apanA adhyayana jArI rakhA evaM yahIM Apane ucca zikSA grahaNa kI tathA kalAntara meM Apane pI-eca.DI. kI DigrI prApta kii| Apane apanA uddezya evaM lakSya hamezA Age bar3hane kA rkhaa| Apako kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM lekcarara ke pada para cunA gyaa| saMskRta vibhAga meM Apako kaI pratidvaMdiyoM kA sAmanA bhI karanA pdd'aa| magara apanI samajhabUjha se sabakA sahayoga prApta kiyaa| Arthika abhAva ke bAvajUda Apane yahI dhyAna rakhA ki unake putra saMdIpa, saMjaya evaM abhiSeka kI evaM putrI manISA kI ucca zikSA mile evaM unheM kisI bhI prakAra kA Arthika abhAva na jhelanA pdd'e| Arthika parezAniyoM ke sAtha hI sAtha Apako kaI bhArI pArivArika parezAniyoM kA bhI sAmanA karanA pdd'aa| Apake bar3e putra saMdIpa jaina ko poliyo roga kI vajaha se huI apaMgatA ke ilAja va zArIrika vyAyAma ke lie hamezA apane kaMdhe para aspatAla le jAnA par3atA thA, jo ki eka bahuta hI muzkila kAma thA usako bhI Apane bar3I tanmayatA tathA jimmedArI se kaI sAloM taka nibhaayaa| Apake athaka prayAsoM kI vajaha se hI putra saMdIpa kI zuruAtI zikSA se lekara AI.AI.TI meM selekzana saMbhava ho sakA jisase ki vaha Aja kampyUTara iMjIniyara bana kara pichale kaI varSoM se amerikA ke kaI bar3I kampaniyoM meM ucca pada para kArya kara rahA hai| yaha saba Apake athaka prayAsa evaM kaThina mehanata se hI saMbhava ho skaa| ApakI dharmapatnI zrImatI manoramA jaina bhI ApakI saMgharSa meM hamezA sAtha-sAtha rhiiN| kAlAntara meM Apa banArasa hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM DIna pada para rhe| Apane pArzvanAtha jaina insTITyUTa meM DAyarekTara ke pada para bhI kArya kiyaa| Apa hara kAma cAhe sAmAjika ho athA vibhAgIya hamezA ImAnadArI se karate rhe| Apane apane kuzala nirdezana meM karIba 44 chAtroM ko gAIDeMsa dekara pI-eca.DI. kI DigrI se alaMkRta krvaayaa| Apako bhArata ke rASTrapati dvArA saMskRta meM ucca yogadAna ke lie sammAnita kiyA gyaa| Apake do putra saMdIpa jaina evaM saMjaya jaina isa samaya amerikA meM mainejamaiMTa ke ucca pada para kAryarata haiM tathA putrI DaoN. manISA jaina bhI bAmbe yUnivarsiTI se meDikala kI par3hAI karake vartamAna meM bhopAla meM DaoNkTara ke pada para kAryarata hai| Aja bhI DaoN. sudarzana lAla jaina bhopAla meM apanA zodha kArya jArI rakhe hue haiN| Apa isI taraha Age bar3hate rheN| DaoN. je.ke. sAmariyA pUrva prophesara eNDa heDa DipArTameNTa oNpha cesTa Dijijeja, bI.eca.yU, vArANasI pramilA sAmariyA maMtrI,akhila bhAratIya digambara jaina mahilA saMgaThana, vArANasI

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siddha-sArasvata prAcyavidyA manISI : prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina zAnti niketana vidyAlaya kaTanI (ma. pra.) meM hamAre sahapAThI rahe haiN| phira hama banArasa meM bhI zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya meM ekasAtha rahakara adhyayana meM rata rhe| isa prakAra prArambha se anta taka hamAre guru bhI eka samAna the, kintu Age calakara pro. sudarzana jI ne saMskRta ke kSetra meM vikAsa kiyA aura maiMne prAkRta bhASA evaM sAhitya ko cunaa| saMyoga se hama donoM kI sasurAla bhI damoha (ma. pra.) banI, ataH hama sahapAThI ke sAtha riztedAra bhI bana gye| prophesara sudarzana lAla jI prArambha se adhyayanazIla aura cintaka rahe haiN| pariNAmasvarUpa Apane banArasa hindU vizvavidyAlaya jaisI prasiddha yunivarsiTI meM aura saMskRta vidyA ke vizAla AkAza meM lambI pratispardhA ko pAra karate hue apanI pahacAna bnaayii| saMskRta vidyA ke kSetra meM banArasI paNDitoM ke bIca yunivarsiTI prophesara aura DIna ke pada para pratiSThita honA pro. jaina kI karmaThatA aura lagana kA supariNAma hai| banArasa meM kaI prakAra kI pratiSpardhAe~, kaThinAIyA~ jhelanI par3atI haiM, kintu prophesara sudarzana jaina ne una sabako pAra kiyA hai| tabhI ve saMskRta vidyA ke zreSTha manISI ke rUpa meM pratiSThita hue haiN| jaina darzana ke vidvAn hone ke nAte DaoN. jaina ne prAkRta sAhitya kA bhI gahana adhyayana kiyA hai| unakA zodha-prabandha bhI prAkRta ke Agama grantha para hai| prAkRta vyAkaraNa para Apane pustaka bhI likhI hai| pariNAmasvarUpa Apako pAliprAkRta adhyayana meM niSNAta hone ke lie bhArata ke rASTrapati dvArA gaurava sammAna pradAna kiyA gayA hai| yaha saMyoga hI hai ki usa samaya bhArata sarakAra kI isa sammAna cayana samiti meM sadasya hone kA gaurava mujhe prApta huA thaa| hama donoM ke guruvarya svanAmadhanya AdaraNIya paM. jaganmohana lAla jI siddhAntazAstrI evaM AdaraNIya paNDita pravara kailAzacandra jI siddhAntazAstrI ke AzISa kA hI yaha phala hai| prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina acche zikSaka evaM sUkSmadarzI anusandhAtA ke sAtha kuzala prazAsaka bhI haiN| Apane banArasa kI pramukha zodha saMsthA pArzvanAtha jaina vidyAzrama meM nidezaka ke rUpa meM bhI apanI sevAeM dI haiN| Apake nidezana meM 40 se adhika zodhArthiyoM ne pIeca.DI. upAdhi prApta kI hai| ata: DaoN. jaina kA ziSya samudAya bhI bar3A hai| jaina samAja kI zIrSa saMsthAoM ko bhI DaoN. jaina kA mArgadarzana prApta huA hai| ina saba akAdamika upalabdhi aura yaza:kIrti kI prApti meM ApakI dharmapatnI evaM hamArI bhAbhI jI zrImatI DaoN. manoramA jaina kA unheM paga-paga para sahayoga prApta rahA hai| Apake yugala prayAsa aura saMskAra se ApakI santAna ne ucca zikSA aura pada-pratiSThA prApta kI hai| aise sAMskRtika evaM suzikSita parivAra ke lie hama sabakI ora se hArdika badhAI hai| prophesara esa. ela. jaina sA. sukhada, svasthya evaM snehapUrNa dIrghAyu prApta kareM, yahI maGgala kAmanA hai| unake amRtavarSa jayantI para hArdika shubhkaamnaaeN| prophesara prema sumana jaina evaM DaoN. zrImatI saroja jaina, pUrva adhyakSa, prAkRta vibhAga tathA DIna, sukhADiyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura sarala evaM sahaja vyaktitva ke dhanI bhAratabhUmi ratnagarbhA hai| isa vasundharA ne aneka ratna ugale haiN| aise hI ratnoM meM se eka dIptimaya ratna jJAnamaya apanI pUrNa AbhA ke sAtha tejasvI chaTA bikhera rahe pro. sudarzanalAlajI jaina hai| Apa kI sahajatA, saralatA va sAdagI ke bAre meM jitanA likhA jAye utanA hI kama hai| ApakA zAMta citta nirantara sAhitya sevA meM lagA rahatA hai| kaI puraskAroM se sammAnita hote hue bhI Apake vyavahAra meM sadaiva vinaya va sAdagI najara AtI hai| merA parama saubhAgya thA ki ApazrI ne hI merA pIeca.DI. kA vAyavA (maukhikI) lekara mujhe upAdhi pradAna kI thii| pro. sudarzanalAlajI jaina jaise sAttvika, sadAzayI, sadbhAvapUrNa tathA sarvamaGgalakArI vyaktitva ke dhArI samarpita niSThAvAna tathA manasvI puruSa saMsAra meM virale haiM jinhoMne navIna anusaMdhAna karake sArasvata kSetra ko ujjavala bnaayaa| 36

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siddha-sArasvata Apake bAre meM kucha kahanA sUrya ko dIpaka dikhAne ke samAna hai| 'zikSA se merA tAtparya vyakti ke sAmAjika, AdhyAtmika tathA cAritrika guNoM kA vikAsa hai|' mahAtmA gAMdhI ke isa vAkya ko sArthaka karate hue vidvadvarya pro. sudarzanalAlajI ne kaI granthoM kI racanA kI aura Apako zreSTha puraskAra rASTrapati sammAna se sammAnita kiyA gyaa| bhAratIya saMskRti meM jJAna vyApaka zabda hai| jJAna ke binA jIvana adhUrA hai| isIlie jJAna ke binA vyakti ko pazu-tulya batAyA hai| grantha yA pustaka jJAna ke mAdhyama haiM, inakA svAdhyAya karanA tapa mAnA gayA hai| svAdhyAya ko zAstroM meM parama tapa ke rUpa meM saMdarbhita kiyA hai| pazcimI saMskRti meM bhI pustaka jIvana kA mahattvapUrNa aGga hai| 'pustaka sarvazreSTha mitra hai|' jJAna tathA zikSA kA jIvana meM sarvopari mahattva hai| jaina saMskRti ne inheM pUjya mAnA hai| ApazrI dvArA nirantara lekhana Apake agAdha jJAna kA hI phala hai| ApakA jIvana maGgalamaya ho aura Apa nirantara jinavANI kI sevA karate rheN| yahI hamArI Izvara se prArthanA hai| DaoN. rInA jaina (beda) prazAsanika oNphIsara, prAkRta bhAratI, jayapura vande guruM siddhasArasvatam vande gurUNAM caraNAravinde ! zraddheyAnAM gurupravarANAM siddhasArasvatAnAM satprerakAnAM mArgadarzakAnAM vividhazAstraniSNAtAnAM tattvajJAnAM jainavidyAsnAtakAnAM rASTrapatisammAnavibhUSitAnAM paramaviduSAM vidvadvareNyAnAM pro. sudarzanalAlajainamahAbhAgAnAM sammAnArtham abhinandanagrantho'yaM 'siddhasArasvataH' ityabhidhAnAtmaka: prakAzito bhavati, harSasya vissyo'ym| guruvaryANAM vaiduSyaM vilasati viziSTaM tathA ca vilasati saralasvabhAvayutaM vyktitvm| bhavatAM jJAnayazaH sarvatra suprasAritaM vartate vidvjjgti| bhavAdRzAH mahAntaH chAtrahitacintakA: guravaH yatra bhavanti tatra ziSyahitaM bhavatyeva nishcyen| bhavatAM zraddheyaguruvaryANAM prathamadarzanaM bhojarAjanagA~ bhopAlanagare jAtaM, bhavatAJca AzIrvAdAH asmAbhiH prAptAH / tatra rASTriyasaMskRtasaMsthAnasya bhopAlaparisarasya jainadarzanavibhAgena samAyojitAyAM rASTriyazodhasaMgoSThayAM bhavanta: mukhyAtithirUpeNa samAgatAH aasn| tatra bhavatAM vaiduSyaM saralavyaktitvaJca asmAbhiH saakssiikRtm| bhavadbhiH jIvane adbhutasAhityasevA kRtaa| naikAH uttamAH zreSThAH kRtayaH bhavadbhiH racitAH santi / tAsu racanAsu viSayagAmbhIrya spaSTarUpeNa dRzyate / tatraiva sarasA saralA subodhA prabhAvAtmakaracanAzailI ca asmAbhiH avlokitaa| bhavatAM vyaktitve astyekaM sakArAtmakaprabhAvAtmakamAkarSaNaM yena AkarSitAH bhavAmaH vym| bhavantaH evaM prakAreNaiva saMskRtaprAkRtayoH sAhityasevAM kariSyanti, yasmAt mAdRzAnAmabodhavAlAnAM mArgaH prazasta: bhvissyti| zraddheyaguruvaryAH! bhavantaH sarvadA svasthAH prasannAH jinavANIsevAratAH bhavantviti bhagavantaM praarthye| vidvatguNAnurAgI DaoN. pratApazAstrI adhyakSaH jainadarzanavibhAgaH, rASTriyasaMskRtasaMsthAnam, bhopAlaparisara saumyamUrti gurudeva pro0 sudarzana lAla jaina antarmukhI pratibhA ke dhanI, saumyamUrti sammAnanIya gurudeva pro0 sudarzana lAla jaina jainadarzana, prAkRta evaM saMskRta ke mUrdhanya manISI vidvAn haiN| jIvana paryanta ve zrutArAdhanA karate hue jainadharma ke pracAra-prasAra meM lage rhe| sAmAjika ekatA aura akhaNDatA banAye rakhane ke lie bhI Apa nirantara prayatnazIla rahe haiN| kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI meM dIrghAvadhi taka saMskRta-prAkRta bhASA ke prophesara rahakara Apane aneka vidyArthiyoM ko saMskRta-prAkRta bhASA meM dakSa banAyA hai| viSaya-vizeSajJa Apake vaiduSya se prabhAvita hokara sarakAra aura samAja dvArA Apako aneka bAra sammAnita kiyA jA 37

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siddha-sArasvata cukA hai| pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama, gaNeza varNI saMsthAna jaise ucca pratiSThAnoM meM Apane nidezaka aura maMtrI ke rUpa meM apanI sevAeM pradAna kara una saMsthAnoM kA gaurava bar3hAyA hai| samprati vayovRddha hote hue bhI Apa nirantara lekhana kArya karate hue samAja kA mArgadarzana karate rahate haiN| mujhe smaraNa hai ki zrI syAdvAda saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya bhadainI, vArANasI meM san 1967 meM prathamavAra merA Apase paricaya huA thaa| usa samaya Apa sambhavataH vardhamAna kAleja bijanaura meM saMskRta ke prAdhyApaka pada para niyukta ho cuke the| eka varSa pazcAt hI ApakI niyukti kAzI hindu vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga meM prAdhyApaka ke pada para ho gaI thii| prArambha meM Apa saparivAra syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya ke pAsa meM sthita, vidyAlaya ke hI eka bhavana meM rahate the| isalie prAyaH pratidina Apake darzana ho jAyA karate the| vinamratA, sahajatA, zAlInatA Adi guNoM se vibhUSita sammAnnIyA bhAbhI jI sahita Apake sahaja sneha ke AkarSaNa ke kAraNa hama sabhI chAtroM kA Apase vizeSa lagAva thaa| san 1973 se san 1979 taka kAzI hindu vizvavidyAlaya meM adhyayana ke daurAna Apase vizeSa samparka rhaa| vinA kisI saMkoca ke hama loga gurudeva se zaikSaNika parAmarza lete rahate the| sAtha hI ema0e0 meM mujhe Apase sAkSAt adhyayana karane kA suavasara bhI prApta huaa| isa taraha Apa mere sAkSAt vidyAguru bhI rahe haiM, yaha mere lie atyanta gaurava kI bAta hai| ___ atyanta prasannatA kA viSaya hai ki jinavANI ke ananya upAsaka, zramaNa saMskRti ke samvarddhaka eva samAja ke sammAnArtha abhinandana grantha 'siddha sArasvata' kA prakAzana karane jA rahA hai| grantha ke prakAzana ke lie hamArI ananta zubhakAmanAeM haiM aura sammAnanIya gurudeva kA lAbha samAja aura hama sabhI ziSya samudAya ko prApta hotA rahe, etadartha hama sabhI unake svastha rahate hue zatAyu hone kI kAmanA karate haiN| DaoN. narendrakumAra jaina pUrva prAdhyApaka, DigrI kAleja, gAjiyAbAda (u0pra0) jainajagata ke gaNamAnya bahuzruta vyaktiH pro. jaina pro. sudarzana lAla jI ke lie abhinandana grantha kA prakAzana ho rahA hai| isase adhika khuzI kI bAta kyA ho sakatI hai| aise gaNamAnya bahuzruta vyakti kA sammAna honA hI caahie| jisane bhI isa yojanA ko banAyA hai ve bahuta sAdhuvAda ke pAtra haiN| Apake bAre meM jitanA kucha likheM yA guNagAnoM kA bakhAna kareM utanA hI kama hai| Apane deza-videza kI yAtrAe~ kii| apane vyAkhyAnoM ke mAdhyama se jainajagata meM jaina siddhAntoM kA pracAra-prasAra kiyaa| Apane aneka chAtroM ko pIeca. DI. krvaayii| Apake chAtra Apake prati natamastaka haiN| Apa eka paoNjiTiva vicAradhArA ke vyakti haiN| Apane kabhI kisI kA ahita nahIM kiyA hai, isI kAraNavaza jaina jagata meM Apa prasiddha haiN| Apane aneka granthoM kA prakAzana kiyA hai| ApakA zodha prabandha bhI pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama se prakAzita hai, jo atyanta hI mahattvapUrNa hai| aneka vizvavidyAlayoM ke pAThyakramoM meM ise rakhA gayA hai| jisakA lAbha zodhachAtroM ko prApta ho rahA hai| Apane rASTrapati puraskAra ke sAtha hI anya aneka puraskAra bhI prApta kiye haiN| Apa na kevala prAkRta apitu saMskRta, pAli evaM anya bhASAoM ke vidvAna haiN| Apake bAre meM jitanA likhA jAye yA guNagAna kiyA jAye vaha kama hai| Apa eka sarala mRdu svabhAva vAle puruSa haiN| maiM aise pro. sudarzana lAla jI jaina ke dIrghAyu kI kAmanA karatA huuN| ApakI mujha para bhI bahuta kRpA rahI hai| ataH maiM ApakA jitanA bhI guNagAna karUM utanA hI kama hai| vAstava meM pro. sudarzana lAla jI jaina guNoM kA athAha samudra haiN| ApameM jIvana-mUlya evaM naitikaAdarzarUpI ratna bhare par3e haiN| vAstava meM Apa eka prasphuTita gulAba kI taraha haiM jisakI bhInI-bhInI khuzabu rUpI yaza jainajagata meM vyApta hai| aise pro. sAhaba ko merA koTi-koTi prnnaam| pro. hukamacanda jaina sevAnivRtta AcArya evaM pUrva vibhAgAdhyakSa jainavidyA evaM prAkRta vibhAga, mohanalAla sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura

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siddha-sArasvata vidyAvyasanI prAcyabhASAvid jaina dharma-darzana, saMskRta evaM prAkRta bhASA ke vizeSajJa manISI pro. sudarzanalAla jaina se lagabhaga 25 varSoM se suparicita huuN| banArasa hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga ke adhyakSa tathA kalA saGkAya ke adhiSThAtA pada ko alaMkRta kara Apane jaina samAja ko gauravAnvita kiyA hai| prAkRta bhASA ke adhyayana kI dRSTi se Apake dvArA racita 'prAkRta-dIpikA' pustaka jijJAsuoM ke lie upayogI hai| pro. jaina sukhada dAmpatya jIvana ke dhanI hone ke sAtha vidyA vyasanI haiN| AdaraNIyA bhAbhIjI kA ApakI vidyopAsanA meM nirantara sahayoga rahatA hai| varSa 2005 meM Apa merI zodhachAtrA DaoN. zvetA jaina ke zodha prabandha 'jainadarzana meM kAraNavAda ke saMdarbha meM paMcasamavAya : eka samIkSA' kI maukhikI parIkSA hetu jodhapura padhAre the, taba Apane sevA mandira meM pratimAha Ayojita vyAkhyAnamAlA ke antargata 'bhAratIya darzana meM anekAntavAda' viSaya para vizleSaNAtmaka evaM bodhaparaka vyAkhyAna diyA thaa| Apase aneka saMgoSThiyoM meM madhura milana huA hai tathA Apake vaiduSyapUrNa vyAkhyAnoM aura vaktavyoM se bahuta kucha sIkhane ko milA hai| maiM Apake dIrghAyuSya, uttama svAsthya evaM sukhada bhaviSya kI zubhakAmanA karatA huuN| pro. dharmacanda jaina adhiSThAtA, kalA, zikSA evaM samAja-vijJAna saGkAya, jayanArAyaNa vyAsa vizvavidyAlaya, jodhapura sudarzanASTakam bundelakhaNDe jani labdhvA, pUjya: jainmnnddle| udAracaritAnAM tu vasudhaiva kuttumbkm|| 1 / / zuddhAcAra: supratiSThita-zuci dakSaH subuddhimAn / manoramA-yutaH sudarzanaH prAkRtabhASA-vizAradaH / / 2 / / sitasaumya-svabhAvasya, vidyAvipinacAriNaH / zAstrAdhyayanalagnasya ke na vAJchanti drshnm|| 3 / / vidyAvinaya-sampannaH, rASTrAdhyakSa-puraskRtaH / kAzIvidvatsabhA-mAnya: jayatu nityaM sudarzanaH / / 4 / / dIrghAyuH dhIraH sAhasI vIraH, susamRddhaH praakRtvidyaadhrH| zAntaH, dAntaH sukAntaH sArasvata-sudarzana-yutaH / / 5 / / sarasvatI-siddhayoH sUnu, shrii-dhii-vidyaa-sNyutH| kAzIpIThe kalAsaGkAyAdhyakSaH jinvidyaasmlNkRtH|| 6 / / zAstrAkAzadivAkaram abhinvmaacaarycuuddaamnnim| dIpo jJAnamayo yena guruNA prajvAlito bhaasvrH||7|| taM vande sura-bhAratI-sutanayaM darzanazaM sudrshnm| AcAryaM sudarzanavaraM guruvaraM praakRtsNskRtvidyaavrm|| 8 / / DaoN. zrImatI rAkA jaina dharmapatnI, pro. vijaya kumAra jaina, lakhanaU 39

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siddha-sArasvata variSTha vidvAnoM ke guru pro. jaina kI prAkRta-dIpikA merA Adarza AdaraNIya aMkala jI (pro. sudarzana lAla jaina) ko maiM bacapana se jAnatA huuN| bAlyakAla se hI unakA sneha mujhe prApta huA hai| jaba apane pitAjI (pro. DA. phUlacaMda jaina premI) ke sAtha kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya sthita unake AvAsa para jAtA thA taba inakA choTA beTA abhiSeka bhI hamAre sAtha khelA karatA thaa| mujhe una dinoM ApakI vidvattA kA bhAna bhI nahIM thaa| kiMtu jaba maiM bhI dharma darzana saMskRta prAkRta vidyA ke kSetra meM AyA taba inakA bhI sAhitya par3hane kA avasara prApta huaa| ApakI prAkRta bhASA para AdhArita kRti hai 'prAkRta dIpikA' jo ki pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama, vArANasI se prakAzita hai| isa kRti ne mujhe bahuta prabhAvita kiyaa| prAkRta ke vyAkaraNa sUtroM ke sAtha vyavasthita rUpa se sikhAne kA kArya yaha pustaka karatI hai| varSa 2013 kA maharSi vAdarAyaNa vyAsa yuvA rASTrapati puraskAra jaba mujhe prApta huA taba maiMne usa rAzi kA upayoga prAkRta bhASA ke lie hI karane kA mAnasa banAyA aura 'pAgadabhAsA' nAmaka eka patrikA nikaalii| aba isake pratyeka aMka meM samAcAra lekha aura sampAdakIya likhanA bhI eka cunautI se kama nahIM lagA, aise vakta meM mujhe prAkRta dIpikA ne bahuta madada kii| Aja isa pustaka kI do pratiyAM mere pAsa haiM, eka mere ghara ke kAryAlaya jina phAuMDezana, naI dillI meM aura dUsarI mere adhyApana kArya sthala, jaina darzana vibhAga, zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTrIya saMskRta vidyApITha, naI dillI meN| vo isalie ki patA nahIM hotA kaba isa kRti kI AvazyakatA mujhe par3a jaae|| mujhe bhogIlAla leharacaMda iMsTiTyUTa oNpha iMDolaoNjI, dillI meM bhI jaba prAkRta kAryazAlA meM par3hAne jAnA hotA hai taba bhI maiM yaha kRti apane sAtha hI rakhatA huuN| AdaraNIya aMkala jI ke sAtha mujhe jyAdA vakta gujArane ke maukA to kabhI nahIM milA kyoMki ve variSTha vidvAna the, tathA mere pitAjI ke sAtha Aja ke DaoN. jayakumAra jaina tathA DaoN. nareMdra jaina jI Adi aneka variSTha vidvAnoM ke bhI guru jI rahe haiM kintu ina sabhI se tathA pitAjI ke mukha se inakI aneka vizeSatAoM ko sunatA rahA huuN| merI bhAvanA hai ki Apa zatAyu hoM tathA niraMtara mA~ jinavANI kI sevA karate hue AtmakalyANa ke zAzvata mArga para bhI agrasara hoM / pro. anekAnta kumAra jaina adhyakSa, jaina darzana, darzana saGkAya, zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTrIya saMskRta vidyApITha ,naI dillI mere sahapAThI kI vividha kSetroM meM U~cI ur3Ana saMskRta, prAkRta evaM jaina vidyA ke variSTha manISi vidvAna prophesara DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina apane jIvana ke 75 basanta pUrNa kara rahe haiM, yaha jAnakara atyanta prasannatA huyii| unheM bhUrizaH saadhuvaad| sahaja pratibhA sampanna, jAgarUka evaM prabuddha pro. jaina saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya varNIbhavana morAjI, sAgara tathA zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya bhadainI, vArANasI meM eka samaya (1959-1960) hama donoM eka sAtha eka hI kakSA evaM viSayoM ke adhyayana meM rata rahe haiN| san 1962 meM sAhitya zAstrI parIkSA bhI eka hI sAtha pAsa kI hai| nissaMdeha DaoN. sudarzana lAla jaina saubhAgyazAlI haiM jo paThana-pAThana meM mujhase kucha Age nikala ge| pI-eca.DI. upAdhi dhAraNa karate hI Apa 1967 meM bijanaura jaina kaoNleja meM prAdhyApaka bane aura agasta 1968 meM saMskRta-pAli vibhAga, kAzI hindu vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI meM ApakI prAkRta-saMskRta pravaktA ke rUpa meM niyukti ho gyii| isI vizvavidyAlaya meM Age bar3hate hue Apa rIDara evaM prophesara bane tathA vizvavidyAlaya ke vibhinna uttaradAyitvoM kA nirvighna saphalatApUrvaka nirvahana karate hue vibhAgAdhyakSa evaM kalA saGkAya ke adhiSThAtA (DIna) bhI rhe| pro. jaina zikSA jagat kI 39 varSoM taka manojJa evaM saphala sevA kArya karate hue 30 jUna 2006 meM sevAnivRtta hue| meghAvI pro. jaina ne apane ko gurujanoM kI dRSTi meM sadaiva utkRSTa banAe rakhA jo inakI eka viziSTa vizeSatA hai| vinayazIla DaoN. jaina svabhAvata: sarala, haMsamukha aura mRdubhASI haiN| chAtroM, mitroM evaM sahayogiyoM meM paraspara sadbhAva evaM maitrI 40

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siddha-sArasvata bhAva banAe rakhanA inake audArya guNa ko spaSTa darzAtA hai| ojasvI vaktRtvakalA ke dhanI pro. jaina kA dhana evaM sukha-suvidhAoM ke dhanI pro. nIce se Upara kI ora uThate hue nirantara apane ko samunnata karanA, inakA pratiSThA prApta karanA yahI ujAgara karatA hai ki Apa kitane adhika karmaTha, sAhasI, samartha, karttavya-niSTha, dhairyazIla evaM buddhi kauzala pUrNa vividha guNoM se ota-prota hai| mArgadarzaka, jIvanopayogI, mahattvapUrNa aneka granthoM ke racayitA pro. sudarzanalAla jaina rASTrapati puraskAra se sammAnita haiN| sAtha hI anya aneka sarvoSkRSTa puraskAroM se bhI Apa alaMkRta haiN| aise samAjasevI, saMskRta, prAkata evaM jainavidyA ke manISi vidvAna prophesara sudarzanalAla jaina kA jaina samAja vizeSakara vItarAga vANI TrasTa, TIkamagar3ha ke mahAnubhAva sadasyagaNa bhAvabhInA ojasvI sammAna karane jA rahe haiN| Ananda kA prasaMga hai ki isI sandarbha meM eka abhinandana grantha bhI unake sammAnArtha prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai| vidvAn kA sammAna karanA sarvottama kArya to hai hI, sAtha hI rASTra kA bhI sammAna hai| ___ maiM prophesara DaoN. jaina ke vaibhava sampanna sukhI evaM dIrghajIvana kI saparivAra maGgala bhAvanA bhAtA hU~ aura apekSA karatA hU~ ki ve sadaiva apane sundara kRtitva se samAja evaM rASTra kA mArgadarzana karate rheNge| om shaanti| prophesara dharmacandra jaina sevAnivRtta, kurukSetra vizvavidyAlaya, kurukSetra sAdAjIvana ucca vicAra vidvajjagata meM AdaraNIya DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina ke vyaktitva evaM kartRtva se zAyada hI koI aparicita ho| merA paricaya lagabhaga 4 dazakoM se hai| mujhe unhoMne laghubhrAtA tulya sneha diyaa| Apako maiMne hamezA sahaja aura sAdI vezabhUSA meM hI dekhA hai| Apake vicAroM aura siddhAntoM ko dekhanA hai to Apake dvArA likhI gayI mahattvapUrNa kRti 'deva zAstra aura guru' ko avazya pddh'eN| Apa vidvatpariSad ke yazasvI mahAmaMtrI rahe haiN| Apake kAryakAla meM pariSad sudRr3ha rahI hai kyoMki Apake vicAra sulajhe evaM vidvAnoM ko mArgadarzaka rahe haiN| ApakI pragati meM AdaraNIyA bhAbhI zrImatI manoramA jI kA mahatI yogadAna hai| maiM jaba nariyA vArANasI meM rahatA thA to Apa ke dvArA maiMne kisI kI burAI yA nindA karate nahIM sunaa| hamezA prasannacitta rahanA aura ucita salAha denA, Apake ghara kA siddhAnta rahA hai| dhArmika kAryoM meM sadA agraNI rahanA ApakI vizeSatA hai| maiM yugala dampati ke prati dIrghAyuSya evaM ujjvala bhaviSya kI zubhakAmanA karatA huuN| Apako vItarAgavANI TrasTa ke dvArA abhinandana grantha bheMTa karane kA nizcaya kiyA gayA hai| isake liye maiM pradhAna sampAdaka AdaraNIya pratiSThAcArya paM. vimala kumAra jI soMgyA kI hRdaya se prazaMsA karatA hU~ ki Apane vidvAnoM ke mUlyAMkana kA jo kArya prArambha kiyA hai vaha stutya evaM prazaMsanIya hai| maiM zubhakAmanA karatA hU~ ki Apa dIrghAyuSya hokara vidvAnoM kA mUlyAMkana evaM jinavANI kI nirantara sevA karate rheN| pro. sudarzana lAla jaina bhI svastha rahakara dIrghAyu hoM tathA jinavANI kI nirantara pratiSThA bar3hAte rheN| DaoN. zItala canda jaina nidezaka, zrI digambara jaina zramaNa ,saMskRti saMsthAna, saaNgaaner,jypur| saralatA aura sahajatA kI pratimUrti prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina atyanta RjuprAjJa, gaveSaNApaTu manISI, jainavidyA ke supratiSTha hastAkSara prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina vaiduSya kI vaha pratimA haiM jinakA vyaktitva evaM kRtitva donoM hI abhinandanIya haiN| prophesara jaina apane Apa meM eka saMsthA haiN| jainavidyA kI udAravAdI samIkSA aura pUrvAgraha rahita cintana se use Apane naI asmitA dI tathA usake aneka naye AyAmoM kA udbhAvana kiyA jo nizcaya hI zlAghanIya hai| pArzvanAtha vidyApITha ko yadi ApakI karmasthalI kaheM to zAyada atizayokti nahIM hogii| kyoMki Apane apanA zodha yahIM se kiyA 41

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siddha-sArasvata tathA kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM san 1968-2006 lagabhaga 38 varSoM taka adhyApana ke bAda 11 mArca 2010 ko pArzvanAtha vidyApITha ke nidezaka bane aura do varSoM taka nidezaka ke rUpa meM apane lekhana, zikSaNa tathA bahumukhI pratibhA se vidyApITha ko naI UMcAiyA~ dii| jainavidyA ke kSetra meM Apake apratima yogadAna ke liye Apako rASTrapati puraskAra se sammAnita kiyA gyaa| Apake vyaktitva meM tAttvikatA aura sAtvikatA kA maNikAJcana suyoga hai| Apa jitane bar3e vidvAn haiM utane hI sarala, sAtvika aura sahaja haiN| arjita jJAna ko apane jIvana meM AcaraNa karanA ApakI sabase bar3I vizeSatA hai| Apa jaisA sAdhucarita, zodha-sUkSmekSikA sampanna nirahaMkAracetA vyakti honA prAya: virala hai| ApakI vidvatA, bhAvoM kI sampreSaNazIlatA, sahajatA, arthabodha, vAtsalya hamAre liye sadA eka dharohara ke rUpa meM hamAre sAtha rhegaa| ApakI jIvanacaryA kA eka-eka pala anukaraNIya, mananIya evaM mahanIya hai| Apake isa abhinandana grantha prakAzana ke avasara para hama Apako apanI praNAmAJjali samarpita karate hue Apake sudIrghajIvI hone hetu maGgala kAmanA karate haiN| DaoN. zrIprakAza pANDeya saMyukta nidezaka, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI sArasvata vidvAn DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina : eka Adarza vibhUti pro. sudarzanalAlajI jaina digambara jaina samAja ke agragaNya manISI haiN| paravAra jaina samAja kI isa vibhUti kA janma sAgara (ma.pra.) jile ke choTe se gA~va 'maJjalA' meM mAsTara siddhelAlajI bar3akula ke yahA~ sarasvatI devI kI kokha se 1 apraila 1944 ko huA thaa| Apane saMskRta viSaya meM ema.e. karane ke uparAnta pI-eca.DI. kI DigrI prApta kii| varddhamAna kaoNleja - bijanaura (u.pra.) meM saMskRta vibhAga meM eka varSa vyatIta karane ke uparAnta kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI meM Apane 38 varSoM taka adhyApana kArya kiyA aura prophesara ke pada para pahu~cakara vibhAgAdhyakSa va kalA saGkAya ke DIna pada ko suzobhita kiyaa| Apane apane uttaradAyitvoM kA nirvahana saphalatApUrvaka kiyA aura vahIM se 30 jUna 2006 ko sevAnivRtta hue| DaoN. manoramA jaina ApakI sahadharmiNI haiM jinase tIna putra DaoN. sandIpa jaina, saMjaya jaina va abhiSeka jaina tathA eka putrI DaoN. manISA jaina haiN| donoM bar3e putra amerikA meM nivAsa karate haiM tathA choTA putra mumbaI meM kAryarata haiN| putrI-dAmAda bhopAla meM pIpulsa meDikala kaoNleja meM sevArata haiN| Apa bhI aba bhopAla meM nivAsa kara rahe haiN| riTAyaramenTa ke pazcAt Apane pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI meM 11 mArca 2010 se 30 apraila 2012 taka nidezaka ke rUpa meM kArya kiyaa| Apake nirdezana meM aba taka karIba 44 zodha chAtroM ne pI-eca.DI. kI upAdhi prApta kii| avibhAjita vidvatpariSad meM Apane 1992 se 1996 taka pA~ca varSa maMtrI pada kA dAyitva bakhUbI samhAlA pazcAt Apane upAdhyakSa tathA kAryAdhyakSa jaise padoM ko suzobhita kiyaa| jainadharma va darzana ke vyApaka pracAra-prasAra hetu Apa sadA kaTibaddha rahe va aneka rASTrIya-antarrASTrIya saMgoSThiyoM ke saphala saMyojaka rhe| Apake zatAdhika zodhapUrNa Alekha vibhinna patra-patrikAoM meM prakAzita hue| Apane apane vyAkhyAnoM se dezavAsiyoM ko to lAbhAnvita kiyA hI videzoM meM bhI mahattI dharma-prabhAvanA kii| saMskRta-prAkRta bhASA ke saMrakSaNa va saMvarddhana hetu bhArata sarakAra kI ora se mahAmahima rASTrapati zrI praNavamukharjI dvArA Apako sammAnita bhI kiyA gayA jo sarvAdhika gaurava kA viSaya hai| samaya-samaya para Apako aneka puraskAroM se sammAnita kiyA gyaa| ApakI aneka maulika va sampAdita kRtiyA~ Aja samAja kI dharohara haiN| vidvatpariSad dvArA deva-zAstra guru pustaka vizeSa carcita rhii| mujhe a.bhA.di. jaina vidvatpariSad kI kAryakAriNI meM Apake sAtha prakAzana va pracAra maMtrI ke rUpa meM kArya karane kA saubhAgya prApta huA hai| vItarAga-vANI TrasTa Apake gauravazAlI abhinandana grantha kA prakAzana karane jA rahA hai, jo nisaMdeha mIla kA patthara banakara Age Ane vAlI pIr3hI kA mArgadarzana kregaa| maiM Apa jaise sArasvata vibhUti ko namana karatA huA Apake dIrgha jIvana kI kAmanA karatA huuN| DaoN. akhila baMsala mahAmaMtrI, a.bhA.di. jaina vidvatpariSad tathA mahAmaMtrI, a.bhA. jaina patra sampAdaka saGgha, jayapura 42

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siddha-sArasvata saumya aura adbhuta pratibhA ke dhanI DaoN0 sudarzanalAla jI jaina kisI ke vyaktitva meM aisA AkarSaNa hotA haiM ki sAmane vAlA barabasa usase prabhAvita ho jAtA hai| sakArAtmaka soca ke kAraNa jo kiraNeM sammukha prasphuTita hotI haiM, unase jur3ane kA prayAsa karatA hai aura unakI ora se apanatva milane se ApasI paricaya ke uparAnta unake garimAmaya vArtAlApa se apane Apa jur3a jAtA hai aura vArtAlApa se usa vyakti kA anubhava, jJAna, gaMbhIratA aura vidvattA kA AbhAsa hone se anAyAsa jur3ane kA mana hone lagatA hai yA jur3a jAtA hai| aise hI bahuAyAmI prabhitA ke dhanI jinhoMne pUrA jIvana jJAna-pipAsA ke lie samarpita kiyA aura usake uparAnta jo jJAna unhoMne saMjoyA, use unhoMne apane chAtroM aura sAthiyoM ko bharapUra luTAyA aura eka lambI virAsata ke rUpa meM anekoM ko samarUpa banAyA, ye nimna paMktiyoM se siddha hotA haiM - nAtyadbhutaM bhuvana-bhUSaNa bhUtanAtha, bhUtairguNairbhuvi bhvNtmbhissttuvNtaaH| tulyA bhavanti bhavato nanu tena kiM vA, bhUtyAzritaM ya iha nAtmasamaM kroti|| merI bheMTa DaoNkTara sAhaba se eka kAryakrama meM huI aura unase paricaya ke uparAnta unake dvArA bahuta AtmIyatA pradarzita kI gii| maiM to mAtra lekhaka sAhityakAra hone ke kAraNa unheM vhATaaipsa ke jariye apanI bAta pahuMcAtA thA usa para unakA protsAhana barAbara milatA rahA aura phira maiMne punaH unake nivAsa sthAna para jAkara darzana lAbha aura AzIrvAda prApta kiyaa| Apake pAsa adbhuta Agama granthoM kA khajAnA hai unhoMne bahutere chAtroM ko DaoNkTareTa kI mAnada upAdhi se vibhUSita karAne kA saubhAgya prApta kiyA jo uparokta zloka ke dvArA sArthaka prayAsa hai| binA koI bAhya ADambara ke, Arjava bhAva se, jJAna-pipAsuoM ko saJcita jJAna rUpI dhana ko pravAhita karane ko Atura rahate haiN| basa pyAsA unake pAsa Aye aura jIvaMta jJAnakoSa kA dohana kre| ___ kucha bheToM ne mujhe jIvaMta jJAna puMja se jo bhI zikSA mArgadarzana aura protsAhana milA vaha mere lie amUlya haiN| maiM unake zatAyu jIvana kI maGgala kAmanA karatA hU~ aura bhaviSya meM unakA AzIrvAda mujhe milatA rahegA aisA vizvAsa hai| DaoNkTara aravinda jaina saMsthApaka, zAkAhAra pariSad, bhopAla vidvat gaurava hamAre Adarza sArasvata vidvAn rASTrapati sammAna se sammAnita tathA anya aneka sammAnoM se vibhUSita hamAre Adarza AdaraNIya prophesara sudarzanalAla jI viziSTa sAhityAnurAgI, abhIkSNa jJAnopayogI, paropakArI, prAcya bhASAoM ke saMrakSaNa aura vikAsa meM anavarata saMlagna haiN| samaya ke ananta anavarata pravAha meM loga apane astitva kI rakSA karane meM asamartha hote haiM para kucha caMda loga aise bhI hote haiM jo samaya ke pravAha ko samaya kI isa dhArA ko rokane meM samartha hote haiN| jIvana yAtrA meM ve apane pada-cihna chor3a jAte haiM, jo unake uttarAdhikAriyoM ke lie patha-pradarzana kA kArya karate haiN| unhIM meM se eka yathAnAma samyagdarzana ke sAtha sudarzana aura zodhArthiyoM ko samyak mArgadarzana pradAna karane vAle pro. sudarzana jI haiM jo ki hama sabhI ke lie Adarza haiN| jinake mArgadarzana meM lagabhaga ardhazataka zodhArthiyoM ne pI-eca.DI. kI upAdhiyAM prApta kI haiN| granthalekhana, sampAdana se aneka acetana kRtiyoM ke sAtha Apane zodhArthiyoM, vidyArthiyoM ko ucita mArgadarzana dekara aneka cetana kRtiyoM kA bhI nirmANa kiyA hai| zrutArAdhaka, sAhitya manISI ke 75veM avataraNa divasa para abhinandana grantha 'siddha-sArasvata' kA prakAzana hama saba ke lie abhinandanIya hai| Apake vyaktitva evaM kRtitva se Ane vAlI pIDhiyAM preraNA prApta kareMgI, aisA merA vizvAsa hai| aneka avasaroM para mujhe ApakA AzIrvAda evaM mArgadarzana prApta huA hai jise maiM apanA saubhAgya samajhatA huuN| ekahi akSara jJAna kA jo guru deya btaay|

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siddha-sArasvata pRthvI para nahIM dravya hai jo dekara cuka jaay|| hamArI satat bhAvanA hai ki Apa zatAyu evaM svastha raheM aura ApakA upayoga prAcya vidyAoM ke pracAra-prasAra meM lagA rhe| anta meM anta:jyoti ko prakaTa kara kaivalya jJAna-jyoti ko prApta hoveM aisI maGgala kAmanA karate haiN| DaoN. jyotibAbU jaina sahAyaka AcArya, janavidyA-prAkRta vibhAga, mo. su. vi. vi. udayapura prazAsana meM tvarita samAdhAna-kSamatA prophesara jaina sAhaba se vizvavidyAlaya sthita usI kAlonI ke nivAsI hone se lagabhaga pratidina mulAkAta hotI rahatI thii| unake sahaja svabhAva se hama loga saparivAra eka dUsare ke ghara binA kisI pUrva sUcanA ke Ate jAte rahate the| milane para hamezA AtmIyatA milatI thI lekina unakI prazAsanika kSamatA kA jJAna to unake kalA saGkAya ke DIna ke rUpa meM dekhane ko milii| kalA saGkAya meM kaI pAThyakrama khole, ruke hue dIkSAnta samAroha karAe, niyuktiyA~ karAIM, chAtroM ko samAjavijJAna saGkAya ke viSayoM ko par3hane kI suvidhA dilAI aadi| mujhe chAtrasalAhakAra ke pada para unhoMne niyukta kiyaa| chAtroM kI bar3I se bar3I samasyA kA hala itanI AsAnI se nikAlate the ki hama loga stabdha raha jAte the| abhI bhI kisI viSaya para unakI salAha hama loga prApta karate rahate haiN| bhagavAna unheM zatAyu kare aura hama logoM kA mArgadarzana karate rheN| prophesara bihArI lAla tripAThI prophesara, aMgrejI vibhAga, bI.eca. yU., vArANasI mujhe yaha jAnakara atyadhika prasannatA aura gaurava kI anubhUti ho rahI hai ki jainadarzana-prAkRta evaM saMskRta jaisI prAcya vidyAoM ke mUrdhanya vidvAn parama AdaraNIya pro0 sudarzana lAla jI bhopAla ke mahanIya avadAna ko dekhate hue unake sammAnArtha eka abhinandana grantha kA prakAzana kiyA jA rahA hai| AdaraNIya prophesara sudarzana lAla jI kI vidvatA aura unake gahana adhyayana ke bAre meM sampUrNa jaina samAja suparicita hai| Apane apanI garimA ke anurUpa apane sAragarbhita vyAkhyAnoM evaM lekhana se vyAkhyAtA vidvAnoM evaM lekhakoM meM jo mAnaka sthApita kie haiM ve atyanta hI prazaMsanIya aura spRhaNIya haiN| bundelakhaMDa kI pavitra bhUmi ke sAgara jile meM janme parama AdaraNIya prophesara sudarzanalAla jI ne jaina vidvatA ke kSetra meM eka vizeSa kIrtimAna sthApita kiyA hai| AdaraNIya pro0 sAhaba samAja kI anupama nidhi haiM, unakA sammAna samAja kA sammAna hai, jinavANI kA sammAna hai| AdaraNIya pro0 sAhaba kI sahadayatA, sahajatA, saralatA sabhI ke lie anukaraNIya hai| Apake muMha kI smitatA aura prasanna mukha mudrA antaraMga meM pravAhita AtmAnanda ke avirala srota kA sUcaka hai| bahuAyAmI vyaktitva ke dhanI AdaraNIya pro0 sA0 kA vyaktitva bahuta hI spRhaNIya, anukaraNIya aura preraNAspada hai| Apane jainadharma ke zIrSastha siddhAMta granthoM kA na kevala sUkSma adhyayana kara vipula jJAnArjana hI kiyA hai, apitu use apane jIvana meM utAra kara sva-para kalyANArtha bharapUra sadupayoga bhI kiyA hai| Apane aneka kRtiyoM kA praNayana kara sarasvatI ke bhaMDAra ko samRddha karane meM ahama bhUmikA kA nirvAha kiyA hai| sarasvatI putra pro0 sudarzanalAla jI jaina samAja ke khyAti prApta vidvAn haiN| unakI avirala sevAoM ke phalasvarUpa abhinandana grantha kA prakAzana ho rahA hai| yaha samAja ko gaurava kI bAta hai| AdaraNIya pro0 sA0 jainadarzana aura jaina siddhAMta ke adhikArI vidvAna to haiM hI lekhaka, granthakAra, saphala sampAdaka bhI haiN| Apane jaina jagata kI mahanIya sevA kI hai| Apake yogadAna ko dekhate hue Apako zrutasaMvarddhana puraskAra, muni sudhAsAgara puraskAra, uttarapradeza saMskRta saMsthAna Adi aneka puraskAroM se jahAM sammAnita kiyA gayA hai vahIM deza ke 44

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siddha-sArasvata tatkAlIna rASTrapati mahAmahima praNava mukharjI ke kara-kamaloM se Apa rASTrapati ke mahattvapUrNa puraskAra se bhI alaMkRta ho cuke haiN| yaha hamAre lie gauravapUrNa hai| pArzvanAtha vidyApITha jaise zodha saMsthAna meM Apa nidezaka jaise mahattvapUrNa pada para AsIna rhe| hamArI samAja ke lie yaha gaurava kA viSaya hai ki deza hI nahIM pUre eziyA meM apanA eka ahama sthAna rakhane vAle kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI ke saMskRta vibhAga meM 38 varSoM taka jahAM adhyApana karAkara saikaDoM utkRSTa chAtroM kA nirmANa kiyaa| isI ke sAtha Apane saGkAya pramukha jaise mahattvapUrNa pada ko bhI zobhAyamAna kara eka mizAla kAyama kI hai| merA saubhAgya rahA hai ki mujhe bhI samaya-samaya para ApakA mArgadarzana milatA rahA hai| jaba maiM vArANasI ke suprasiddha zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya meM adhyayanarata thA usa samaya Apa kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI meM padastha the| pAMca varSa vArANasI meM adhyayanakAla meM ApakA sneha aura dizA-nirdezana mujhe hamezA milatA rhaa| aneka bAra Apake ghara AnAjAnA hotA thaa| syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya meM ApakA AnA-jAnA thaa| ApakI saha dharmiNI AdaraNIyA DA0 manoramA jI kA bhI khUba sneha milatA thaa| pro0 sAhaba jaba vArANasI ke laMkA roDa sthita nariyA jaina mandira ke maMtrI the usa daurAna mujhe vahAM dhArmika vidhi-vidhAna karAne Apa bulAte the| kAzI jaina samAja bhI Apako khUba Adara aura sammAna detI thii| isa mAMgalika avasara para merI vIra prabhu se prArthanA hai ki unheM cirAyu kareM, ve hamezA svastha raheM, yahI unake caraNoM meM merI vinayAJjali hai| abhinandana grantha ke lie hamArI hArdika shubhkaamnaaeN| AzA hai, ApakA yaha abhinandana grantha aneka logoM ke lie preraNAdAyI siddha hogaa| DaoN. sunIla jaina 'saMcaya' pracAramaMtrI,a0 bhA0 di0 jaina zAstripariSad, lalitapura pro0 sudarzanalAla jaina : eka saumya va karmaniSTha vyaktitva AcAravatvAdAcAryaH karmaniSTho vicaarvaan| sudarzano gururvijJaH, kalpatAM zreyase sdaa|| bhAvarUpakusumAnAmaJjaliriyaM samarpyate bhktyaa| tucchaM vastvapi zraddhArpitamatizayitaM hi jAyate stym|| AdaraNIya pro0 sudarzanalAla jaina sara ke sAtha prArambhika sambandha tathA paricaya kI mUla kar3I pUjya pitAjI mahAmahopAdhyAya sva0 DaoN. kapiladevapANDeyajI the| pUjya pitAjI ke sAtha Apa kA sambandha atyanta ghaniSTha mitratA kA rahA hai| kadAcit mere janma ke pUrva 1962 I0 kA hai| Apa donoM hI mahanIya vidvAnoM ne darzanazAstra ke ati viziSTa svanAmadhanya vidvAn sva0 pro0 siddhezvara bhaTTAcAryajI ke antevAsitva meM zodhakArya pUrNa kara pI-eca0DI0 kI upAdhi adhigata kI hai| Apa donoM kI maitrI kA yaha sambandha itanA purAnA tathA itanA vyApaka rahA hai kI una sabakI pratyabhijJA karake lekhabaddha karanA sahaja kArya nahIM hai| phira bhI pro0 jaina sara se sambaMdhita vastucitra mere mAnasa paTala para sadaiva aMkita rahate haiM aura jinake kAraNa hamArA antarmana unheM eka asAdhAraNa vyaktitvasampanna manasvI tathA eka sammAnanIya jaina paramparA ke poSaka Adarza puruSa, zreSTha vidvAn va viziSTa guru ke rUpa meM dekhatA hai aura unheM nirvyAja gaurava pradAna karatA hai| pUjya pitAjI ke maitrI sambandha kI pragAr3hatA sArasvata va sAmAjika patha se hotI huI dinAnudina bar3hatI gii| varSa 1991 meM mere em0 e0 karane ke pazcAt pI-eca0DI0 hetu zodha nirdezaka kI bhUmikA ke lie saharSa svIkRti pradAna karanA pro0 jaina sara kA pUjya pitAjI ke prati snehapUrNa sambandha ke anubaMdha kA nidarza hI thaa| paga-paga para maiM pro0 jaina sara kA sneha bhAjana banA jo ki Aja bhI mujhe sahaja hI prApta hai| ni:saMdeha Apa jainadarzana va sAhitya tathA prAkRta bhASA ke viziSTa vidvAn hone ke sAtha hI eka viziSTa zikSaka, kuzala prazAsaka, utkRSTa karmayogI va sahaja saumya abhibhAvaka rahe haiN| Apa anekoM jaina zodha saMsthAnoM ke saMrakSaka va mArgadarzaka haiN| Apa ke nirdezakatva meM zodha kArya kara maiM apane Apa ko saubhAgyazAlI mAnatA huuN| 'yatrApi kutrApi gatAH bhavanti haMsA: mahImaNDalamaMDanAya' uparyukta sUkti akSarazaH hameM pro0 jaina sara meM dekhane

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siddha-sArasvata ko milii| puSpa kahIM bhI khilatA hai para apanI surabhi se digdigaMtara ko surabhita karanA usakA prAkRtika adhikAra hotA hai| pro0 jaina sara ne jaba se zikSA grahaNa kara zaikSaNika jagat meM praveza kiyA taba se hI apane anta: meM nigUhita sahaja snehapUrNa jJAnarUpa guNa ke makaraMda ko prasArita karane lge| kabhI mitroM, sahakarmiyoM, ziSyoM va parivArajanoM ke utthAna meM to kabhI aneka viziSTa granthoM ke praNayana ke mAdhyama se va vaiduSyapUrNa vyAkhyAnoM ke mAdhyama se saMskRta jJAna paramparA vizeSata: jaina paramparA kA atizaya vardhana kiyaa| vastuta: karma se hI manuSya jIvanta hotA hai tathA yahI usake astitva kA pramANa bhI hai 'manuSyAH karma lakSaNAH' kathana dvArA vyAsa ne isI tathya kI ora saMketa kiyA hai| jo karma ko apanA mAnaka nahIM samajhate unheM na to apanI sattA kA bodha hotA hai aura na vyakti ke rUpa meM ve vyakta hI hote haiN| jiname prabala jijIviSA hai ve samAja ke jyotiSmAna nakSatra banakara apanI abhivyakti karate haiM athavA apane ko isa dharatI kA gandha-pAdapa siddha karate haiN| unake sambandha meM kucha kahanA yA abhinandana karanA, na kevala unake prati apanA AbhAra vyakta karanA hai, apitu apane manuSyatva yA ziSyatva kA paricaya bhI denA hai| eka aise hI viziSTa vyakti kI sArasvatayAtrA kA kArya saMbhAra abhinandana ke vyAja se apanI ora AkRSTa kara rahA hai| jo apane Apa meM viziSTa jIvana jIne kA eka pratidarza hai| pro0 jaina sara mAtra viSaya-vizeSa ke vidvAna hI nahIM apitu jaina zAstra, darzana va paramparA ko aharniza vRddhiMgata karane meM ApakA abhUtapUrva adbhuta yoga anuyoga va prayoga hI Apake vaizvika sammAna kI pRSThabhUmi hai| Apa zAsana se adhika anuzAsana priya haiM tathA anuzAsana kA vistAra AtmAnuzAsana taka kiyA hai| Apa kI vinamratA, apUrva saumyabhAva va karmaniSThA isI kA aGgabhUta hai| aise niSThAvAna satpuruSa vidvAn aura guru ke cirAyuSya va cirakIrti ke cirantana saMvardhana kI hArda zubhakAmanA tathA maGgalakAmanA aura zata zata prnnaam| anta meM - adhisadasi bhavanto bhAvino bhavya rAjA vitatavihitayajJA brhmpaaraaynnjnyaa| sucirarucirabhASA lokazikSArthamAtramupazatazaradAnAmAyuSA vrtyntu|| DaoN. viveka pANDeya esosiyeTa prophesara, saMskRta vibhAga, pI0 jI0 kaoNleja, haMDiyA, ilAhAbAda kIrtiryasya sa jIvati AyuSyaM ruciraM ciraM bahuvidhaM, dhAnyaM dhanaM pezalaM, vaMzo vazyasamAkula-kulamaho te niSkalaGkaM mht| AcArazca vicAra-cAru subhago vidhAnavadyA tathA, kAGkSA no avaziSyate muhuraho jIyAtsa bhuuyo'vnau|| rajata jayantI ke parama pAvana pacahattaravIM varSagAMTha ke avasara para siddha-sArasvata rASTrapati sammAnAlaGkRta pro. sudarzana lAla jaina, prAkRta-jainadarzana evaM saMskRta vidyA ke pariniSThita vidvAn svayaM meM abhinandanIya haiN| apane chAtra jIvana se maiM gosvamI tulasIdAsa kRta zrIrAmacaritamAnasa kA pATha karatA thaa| usameM likhA hai ki 'upajahiM anata-anata chavi lahahIM' arthAt kamala kI jar3a anyatra hotI hai aura usakA puSpa aura patra apanI jar3a se dUrI para apanI zobhA ko vikheratA hai, usI prakAra pro. jaina kA prAdurbhAva kAzI se sudUra grAma maMjalA, jilA sAgara meM huA aura unhoMne apanI chavi evaM jJAna kA prasAraNa kAzI meM Akara santavat kiyaa| santa sAdhanavihIna hokara anyatra utpanna hotA hai kintu usake santatva kA prasAra anyatra jAkara prasphuTita hotA hai| mere mana meM vicAra AyA ki jaba vAlmIki ne bhagavAn zrIrAma ke sambandha meM rAmAyaNa likha diyA to anya mahAkaviyoM ko rAmacarita kA guNagAna karane kI kyA AvazyakatA thI? isakA uttara mahAkavi jayadeva viracita prasannarAghava meM milA ki - svasUktInAM pAtraM raghukulatilakamekaM kalayatAM 46

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siddha-sArasvata kavInAM ko doSaH? sa tu gunngnnaanaamvgunnH|| arthAt bhagavAn rAma anantaguNagaNanilaya haiN| kisI mahAkavi ne bhagavAn ke kinhIM guNoM ko lekara citraNa kiyA, kinhIM ne kinhIM anya guNoM kaa| ata: anekoM rAmAyaNa banate gye| ataH aise hI Izvara-kRpApAtra pro. jaina ke bhI anekoM guNa haiN| inakI vinamratA, sAdhutA, vidvattA, sahRdayatA, dayAdAkSiNyatA, ziSyoM para kRpA, gurujanoM ke prati dRr3ha niSThA Adi guNa haiN| gosvAmI jI ne kahA hai - kIrati bhaniti bhUti bhakti soii| surasari sama saba kaha~ hita hoii|| kIrti-bhaniti (kAvya) aura aizvarya vahI zreyaskara hai jisameM mA~ surasaritA ke samAna sabakA hita ho| mA~ gaMgA yaha nahIM dekhatIM ki usameM kauna majjana (snAna) kara rahA hai, kisI bhI bhAva se majana karane vAle ko apanA zaitya, pAvanatva evaM mukti pradAna karatI haiN| isa prakAra se pro. jaina samAna bhAva se 'sarvajana hitAya' kI bhAvanA se pUrNatayA otaprota haiN| maiMne apane chAtra jIvana se lekara adyAvadhi inake sucaritra evaM sadAzayatA kA anubhava kiyA hai| maiM inake sevAkAla kA prathamazodhacchAtra hU~, ataH inheM antaraGga rUpa se dekhane kA avasara mujhe prApta hai| saMskRta-pAli vibhAga, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke apritama vidvAn pro. siddhezvara bhaTTAcArya (pUjya gurudeva) kI ina para mahanIya kRpA thii| inhoMne unase saMskRta jJAna ke sAtha-sAtha 'zodha-prabandha' kI sampUrti karAne kI adbhuta kSamatA prApta kI thii| usI adbhuta jJAna kA prayoga karake inhoMne merI zodhopAdhi ko pUrNatA pradAna kii| apanI alaukika kRpA se mujhe laghu bhrAtA ke samAna jJAna Adara evaM sammAna pradAna kiyaa| inakI sahadharmacAriNI zrImatI manoramA jaina kI snehila kRpA mere Upara usI prakAra barasatI thI jaise eka mAtA apane putra ke Upara barasAtI hai| hamane apane chAtra jIvana meM kabhI bhI anubhava nahIM kiyA ki kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya jaise mahAsAgara meM merA koI saMrakSaka nahIM hai| hama Apako bhUrizaH praNAma karate haiM, aise santa svarUpa saMskRta aura vividha zAstroM meM gati rakhane vAle kRpAmaya sudarzana lAla jaise putra ratna ko lokahita meM AvirbhUta karane vAlI mA~ sarasvatI devI evaM zraddheya siddhelAla jaina ko| jisase kAzI hI nahIM apitu bhAratavarSa meM anekazaH ziSyoM ko AdhyAtmika evaM sAMskRtika jJAna prApta huaa| hama prANipAta karate hai una aughaDadAnI bhagavAn vizvanAtha bhagavAn ziva aura mA~ annapUrNA ko, jinhoMne Apa jaise vidvAn kI kAzI meM lIlA evaM karmasthalI bnaayii| maiM dRr3hatApUrvaka yaha kaha sakatA hU~ ki pro. sudarzana lAla sacamuca sudarzana vyaktitva-sampanna, jJAna-sampanna, saumyasvarUpa evaM pratibhA ke dhanI vyakti haiN| inakA abhinandana grantha prakAzita hone para hama atizaya AhlAdita haiN| ata: maiM apanI vAkya-sumanAJjali aise mahApuruSa ko arpita karate hue prasannatA kA anubhava kara rahA huuN| saumya svarUpa saneha sanAtana, divyatA jyoM pratiroma basI hai| mAthe pe zIla lalATa pe kAnti, au adharAna pe manda ha~sI hai|| aisA svabhAva prabhAva kA mela hai kIrati kI kavitA nikasI hai| lAla sudarzana jIveM sadA 'paramezvara' bhAva sudhA barasI hai|| DaoN. paramezvaradatta zukla 'rAmAyaNI' prAcArya, zrI rAmAnuja saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya, vArANasI

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siddha-sArasvata saralatA aura vinamratA ke amUlya AbhUSaNa AdaraNIya vidvAn pro. sudarzanalAlajI jaina prAkRta, saMskRta evaM jaina vidyA ke sthApita vidvAn haiN| Apane atyanta viSama paristhitiyoM meM bacapana bitAkara bhI apane puruSArtha ke bala para vizvavidyAlaya ke aneka ucca padoM taka apanI pahu~ca bnaaii| Apa kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI meM lagabhaga 39 varSoM taka vyAkhyAtA se lekara vibhAgAdhyakSa evaM saGkAyapramukha Adi ucca padoM para sevArata rhe| Apane aneka granthoM kA lekhana-sampAdana bhI kiyaa| Apake mArgadarzana meM aneka chAtroM ne pI-eca. DI. bhI kii| Apane bhArata meM hI nahIM, videzoM meM jAkara bhI jaina vidyA kA pracAra-prasAra kiyaa| kula milAkara ApakA puruSArtha sabhI ke lie zikSAprada hai, abhinandanIya hai| na kevala jJAna, ApakA svabhAva bhI bahuta acchA hai| saralatA aura vinamratA unake amUlya AbhUSaNa haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki Apane aneka sAmAjika saMsthAoM ke mAdhyama se bhI jaina saMskRti kI rakSA-surakSA meM apanA vizeSa yogadAna kiyA hai| ApakI preraNA aura mArgadarzana ke phalasvarUpa maiM pI-eca.DI. kara skaa| Apake abhinandana grantha prakAzana ke zubha avasara para maiM Apake svastha evaM dIrghAyu rahane kI maGgala kAmanA karatA huuN| Apake nimitta se jaina vidyA kI mahatI prabhAvanA ho| jainaM jayatu shaasnm| pro0 vIrasAgara jaina zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha, naI dillI dhIra-gambhIra aura zAnta svabhAvI pro. sudarzana lAla jI AdaraNIya DaoN sudarzana lAla jI kA abhinandana grantha taiyAra ho rahA hai yaha atyanta prasannatA kA viSaya hai| jaina samAja ke purAnI pIr3hI ke vidvAna, jaise ki paNDita phUlacaMdra jI, paNDita kailAza caMdra jI, paNDita jaganmohana lAla jI, ityAdi mUrdhanya vidvAn DaoNkTareTa kI upAdhi se rahita vidvAna the| inhoMne kabhI sarakArI sevA nahIM kii| parantu agalI pIr3hI meM inake ziSyoM kI eka lambI katAra kA prAdurbhAva huaa| inhIM meM se aneka ne DaoNkTareTa karanA prArambha kiyA aura isa zreNI meM jo vidvAn Age Aye, unameM DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI kA nAma pahalI paMkti meM AtA hai| isakA natIjA yaha rahA ki kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya jaise pratiSThita saMsthAnoM meM ina vidvAnoM ne apanA sthAna bnaayaa| ise suvidhAbhogI vidvAnoM kI paramparA kI zurUAta kahA jA sakatA hai| patA nahIM kyoM bhAratavarSa kI prAcIna paramparA meM sarasvatI tathA lakSmI ko sarvadA virodhI batAyA jAtA rahA hai| mujhe aisA lagatA hai kI yaha prAcIna bhArata meM vidvAnoM ko dhanapatiyoM ke AdhIna rakhane kI eka sAz2iza rahI hai| kyA eka vidvAn garimA pUrvaka nahIM raha sktaa| use hamezA dayanIya kyoM dikhAyA jAtA hai| acche sarakArI saMsthAnoM meM pada pAne vAle vidvAnoM se yaha sAz2iza kucha hada taka samApta huii| DaoN sudarzana lAla jI ne bhI kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM kaI dazakoM taka apanI garimA ko kAyama rakhate hue apanI sevAeM diiN| ve saMskRta evaM prAkRta ke eka acche vidvAn haiN| ina bhASAoM ke lie 2012 meM unako rASTrapati dvArA sammAna pramANa patra bhI diyA gyaa| apane sAhityika jIvana meM unhoMne aneka granthoM kA lekhana evaM sampAdana bhI kiyaa| jaina samAja kI lagabhaga sabhI sAmAjika saMsthAoM se ve jur3e rhe| apane pArivArika jIvana meM bhI ve atyanta saphala rahe haiN| maiMne unako hamezA eka dhIra gaMbhIra tathA zAMta mudrA meM hI dekhA hai| yaha unakA svAbhAvika guNa hai| isI ke calate ve apane jIvana meM hamezA unnati ke patha para agrasara rahe haiN| Aja bhI lagabhaga 75 varSa kI Ayu meM ve pUrNa rUpa se sakriya tathA sajaga dikhAI dete haiN| yaha bhI unakI zAMta vRtti kA hI pariNAma hai| maiM unako jIvana ke isa sopAna para apanI hArdika zubhakAmanAyeM tathA badhAI detA huuN| yaha bhI maGgala kAmanA karatA hU~ kI ve eka lambe samaya taka samAja kA mArgadarzana karate rheN| pro. azoka kumAra jaina pUrva vibhAgAdhyakSa evaM variSTha prophesara, AI.AI.TI., rur3akI sammAnita prophesara, emiTI yUnivarsiTI, noeDA, pratiSThita prophesara, akAla yUnivarsiTI, paMjAba 48

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siddha-sArasvata praNati-tatayaH AdaraNIya prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina gurujI eka gambhIra vidvAn vyaktitva haiN| Apa kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke kalA saGkAyAntargata saMskRta vibhAga meM prophesara evaM vibhAgAdhyakSa tathA kalA saGkAya ke adhyakSa pada para AsIna raha cuke haiN| Apa bhAratIya darzana viziSTatayA jaina darzana tathA saMskRta sAhitya ke ucca koTi ke vidvAn haiN| sAtha hI sAtha jaina dharma ke upadezaka ke rUpa meM bhI ApakI khyAti rahI hai| aneka zaikSaNika saMsthAnoM ke unnayana meM ApakA sakriya yogadAna rahA hai| maiM tathA merI bahana sau. sumana Apake ziSya rahe haiN| merI bahana ne to Apake nirdezana meM hI pI-eca-DI. sampanna kii| maiMne ema.e. kakSA meM tatkAlIna pAThyakramAnusAra karpUramaJjarI, sarvadarzanasaMgraha tathA arthasaMgraha Adi granthoM kA adhyayana Apase kiyaa| AdaraNIya jaina gurujI kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki unheM saMskRta, hindI aura aGgrejI ke atirikta prAkRta bhASA kA bhI acchA jJAna hai| prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha grantha karpUramaJjarI ko ve sahaja DhaMga se adhyApita karate the| jaina darzana ke siddhAntoM ko bhI AtmasAta karake bar3e hI sahaja DhaMga se Apa kakSA meM una siddhAntoM para vyAkhyAna dete the| mere pitAjI prAta:smaraNIya sva. DaoN. janArdana gaMgAdhara raTATe saMskRta vibhAga meM hI adhyApaka the| ataH pro. jaina gurujI tathA mere pitAjI kI acchI mitratA thii| isa kAraNa merA pro. jaina gurujI se adhika sAnnidhya banA rhaa| AdaraNIya pro. jaina gurujI kA abhinandana grantha vastutaH sampUrNa jaina paramparA kA abhinandana grantha hai| isa avasara para maiM abhinandana grantha ke prakAzana hetu zubhakAmanAyeM dete hue guruvara pro. sudarzana lAla jaina jI ko praNAmAJjali samarpita karatA huuN| pro. DaoN. mAdhava janArdana raTATe prophesara saMskRta vidyA dharmavijJAna saGkAya,bI.eca.yU.vArANasI saphala zikSaka evaM kuzala-prazAsaka pro. sudarzana lAla jaina ne vardhamAna kAleja bijanora ke bAda mukhyarUpa se saMskRta vibhAga, kalA-saGkAya, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya se apanA adhyApana kArya adhyApaka ke rUpa meM zubhAraMbha kiyA tathA kramaza: rIDara evaM prophesara pada ko alaMkRta kiyaa| taduparAnta do bAra vibhAgAdhyakSa evaM saGkAya pramukha ke rUpa meM Apane samarpaNa pUrvaka kArya kiyaa| atyanta alpAvadhi meM hI Apane svayaM ko eka saphala zikSaka tathA eka kuzala prazAsaka ke rUpa meM sthApita kara liyaa| zikSA jagata meM atulanIya yogadAna ke lie Apako rASTrapati puraskAra se bhI sammAnita kiyA gayA hai| isake atirikta prAkRta bhASA evaM jaina darzana ke lie deza-videza se bahuta se puraskAra Apako prApta hue haiN| sevA-avasara ke uparAnta ApakI zikSA, dIkSA evaM saphala prazAsaka kI chavi ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue sampUrNa jaina zikSAvidoM ne Apako banArasa sthita jaina zodha saMsthAna, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI meM nidezaka ke rUpa meM pratiSThApita kiyaa| samAja meM pro. jaina kA vyaktitva eka sarala, paropakArI, sahRdaya, niSThAvAn tathA naitijJa ke rUpa meM sthApita hai| Apake smRti-grantha prakAzana ke avasara para maiM Apako namana pUrvaka hArdika badhAI detA hU~, evaM Apake niroga evaM dIrghAyu jIvana ke lie Izvara se prArthanA karatA huuN| pro. zukadeva bhoi pUrva DIna sAhitya evaM saMskRti saGkAya, zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta, vidyApITha, naI dillI

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siddha-sArasvata vidvatpariSad ke gaurava akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvatpariSad ke mantrI tathA vartamAna meM variSTha vidvAn sadasya pro. sudarzanalAla jI jaina se merA sarvaprathama paricaya san 1978 meM vArANasI meM huA jaba maiMne zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya meM praveza liyA aura do-cAra dinoM ke bAda hI agraja zrI azokakumAra jaina evaM unake mitra zrI dharamacanda jaina (jo pro. sAhaba ke riztedAra bhI haiM) ke sAtha Apake kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya parisara sthita nivAsa para milA aura AzIrvAda prApta kiyaa| mujhe Aja bhI yAda hai ki usa samaya ApakI dharmapatnI zrImatI manoramA jaina (hama sabakI bhAbhI jI) ne pAnI meM AdhA cammaca glukoja (glukona-DI) milAkara svAgata kiyA thaa| yaha unake madhura vyavahAra kA pratIka thA jo prAyaH AgantukoM ko dekhane meM milatA thaa| sahajatA se ha~sa-ha~sakara bAta karanA, sneha vyakta karanA, kuzalakSema pUchanA Apa meM svAbhAvika guNa ke rUpa meM vidyamAna hai| Apa dampatI ke sAtha paricaya nirantara banA huA hai| adhyayana ke uparAnta aneka saMgoSThiyoM meM Apase milane, Apake vicAroM ko sunane kA suavasara prApta huaa| eka samaya aisA AyA jaba jaina samAja meM sacce deva-zAstra-guru ke svarUpa ko lekara carcA garma thI taba vidvatpariSad kI ora se ApakI kRti 'deva-zAstra-guru' prakAzita huii| yaha kRti nirdoSa deva-zAstra-guru ke svarUpa ko Agama ke anurUpa batAne vAlI siddha huI aura vidvatsamAja ke dvArA isa kRti kA bharapUra samAdara kiyA gyaa| saMskRta, prAkRta ke adhyayana-adhyApana ke sAtha kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga meM padastha rahate hue Apane zodhakAryoM ko bar3hAvA diyA jisase aneka rahasyoM kA udghATana huaa| Apake mana meM hamezA cAha rahatI hai ki vidvAn zodha kArya meM saMlagna hoN| Apake dvArA likhita evaM sampAdita kRtiyA~ vidvatpariSad kI vicAradhArA ke anurUpa haiM, abhinandanIya haiN| hamAre lie yaha gaurava kA viSaya hai ki vidvatpariSad ke kucha vidvAn mahAmahima rASTrapati ke karakamaloM se puraskRta hue haiN| Apa unameM se eka haiN| ataH hama sabhI ke lie sammAnanIya haiN| Apake vyaktitva meM kaThoratA evaM komalatA kA sammizraNa hai| jaba Apake bAhya svarUpa ko dekhate haiM to kaThoratA kA ehasAsa hotA hai kintu jaba Apake sAtha ghulamila jAte haiM to Apake hRdaya kI komalatA kA svarUpa sAmane A jAtA hai| merI hArdika icchA hai ki ApakA Antarika komala pakSa bAhya meM prakaTa ho| vItarAga vANI TrasTa ke dvArA pratiSThAcArya paM. vimalakumAra jaina sorayA (hamAre kAkA jI) ke pradhAna sampAdakatva meM Apako abhinandana grantha samarpita karate hue abhinandana kiyA jA rahA hai| maiM samajhatA hU~ ki yaha ApakA hI nahIM apitu sampUrNa akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvatpariSad kA abhinandana hai| kyoMki Apa vidvatpariSad ke gaurava haiN| mere lie vartamAna mahAmantrI ke nAte isase adhika aura prasannatA kI bAta kyA ho sakatI hai| Apa zatAyu hoM aura ApakA punaH punaH abhinandana ho aisI kAmanA hai| DaoN. surendra kumAra jaina 'bhAratI' mahAmantrI, a. bhA. di. jaina vidvatpariSad, pradhAna sampAdaka, pArzva jyoti, burahAnapura (ma.pra.) AcArya sudarzana lAla jaina maiMne san 1971 I0 meM ema0e0 saMskRta meM kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta evaM pAli vibhAga meM praveza liyA thaa| usa samaya guruvara jaina jI vibhAga meM pravaktA pada para pratiSThita the| maiMne ema0e0 dvitIya varSa meM 'jainijma eNDa buddhijma' varga cunA thaa| usa samaya guruvara jaina jI mujhe 'uttarAdhyayanasUtra', 'dravyasaGgraha' evaM 'paJcAstikAyasAra' jaise granthoM ko par3hAyA karate the| guruvara adhyApana hetu kakSA meM niyamitarUpa se Ate the| sarala prakRti ke DaoN0 jaina viSaya kI spaSTa vyAkhyA karate the| saMskRta meM em0e0 karane ke pazcAt bhI merA AdaraNIya guruvara se sambandha banA rahA, kyoMki maiMne usI vibhAga se punaH pAli viSaya se pI-eca.DI. kI aura san 1977 se pravaktA ke rUpa meM vahIM adhyApana kArya prArambha kiyaa| san 1982 I0 meM saMskRta evaM pAli vibhAga do vibhAgoM - saMskRta vibhAga tathA pAli evaM bauddha adhyayana vibhAga 50

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siddha-sArasvata meM vibhakta ho gayA tathApi hama logoM kA sambandha banA rhaa| guruvara DaoN jaina yathAsamaya rIDara evaM prophesara padoM para niyukta hue| inhoMne saMskRta vibhAga ke adhyakSa tathA kalA saGkAya ke pramukha ke rUpa meM kuzalatApUrvaka apane dAyitvoM kA nirvAha kiyaa| guruvara pro0 jaina ne pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI ke nidezaka pada para bhI sakuzala kArya sampAdita kiyaa| pro0 jaina jI ne 39 varSoM taka adhyApana kArya kiyA aura inake nirdezana meM 44 zodha chAtroM ne pI-eca0DI0 prApta kii| inhoMne kaI pustakoM kA sampAdana evaM lekhana kArya kiyaa| guruvara pro0 jaina ko 2012 meM rASTrapati-sammAna prApta huA hai| isake atirikta inheM kaI puraskAra prApta hue haiN| pro. jaina jaise karttavyaniSTha adhyApaka bahuta kama hote haiN| maiM aise karttavyaniSTha sArasvata-sAdhanA karane vAle guruvara pro0 sudarzana lAla jaina ke svastha zatAyu jIvana kI maGgala kAmanA karatA huuN| pro. pradyumna dube (rASTrapati sammAna prApta) pUrva adhyakSa, pAli evaM bauddha adhyayana vibhAga, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya,vArANasI prAcya bhASAoM ke manISI vidvAn deza ke zIrSastha vidvAnoM kI janma-bhUmi ke rUpa meM vikhyAta bundelakhaNDa kI pAvana dharatI kI goda meM base sAgara jile meM janme pro. (DaoN.) sudarzana lAla jaina, prAcya bhASA jagat ke vizeSakara jaina paramparA ke pratiSThita vidvAn haiN| DaoN. jaina ne deza ke vibhinna zaikSaNika saMsthAnoM meM adhyayana kara svayaM ko sva-para hitAya pratiSThita kiyA tathA una saMsthAnoM ke gaurava ko bhI bddh'aayaa| Apane vardhamAna kAleja, vijanaura aura kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI ke saMskRta vibhAgoM, kalA saGkAya meM vibhAgAdhyakSa, saGkAyAdhyakSa Adi padoM para rahakara unake dAyitva kA kuzala saMvahana kiyA hai| Apane apane vidyArthiyoM ko hamezA putravat sneha pradAna kiyA hai| deza kI vidyAnagarI vArANasI meM rahane ke kAraNa Apane syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya meM adhyayana hetu Ane-vAle vidyArthiyoM ko abhibhAvakatva bhI pradAna kiyA tathA abhibhAvaka ke rUpa meM karaNIya sabhI sambhava sahayoga kiyaa| Aja Apase sAkSAt zikSA prApta karane vAle saikar3oM vidvAn deza-videza meM jJAna dekara apane gurujanoM tathA vidyA kA mAna bar3hA rahe haiN| syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya ke nIti-niyantAoM kI adUradarzitA se nirmita nayI zikSA nIti athavA apanI nijI paristhitiyoM ke kAraNa bhale hI mujhe Apase sAkSAt adhyayana kA avasara na mila pAyA ho, kintu vArANasI meM adhyayanarata rahane ke kAraNa mujhe bhI ApakA vAtsalyabhAva sahaja hI milatA rahA hai| prAcya vidyAoM ko samarpita aise mahAn vidvadvibhUti ke jIvana ke 75veM varSa meM abhinandana grantha bheMTa karane kA upakrama niHsandeha prazaMsanIya hai| maiM pro. jaina kI sArasvata manISA ko sAdara praNAma karatA hU~ tathA unake sahaja AzISa kI apekSA rakhatA huuN| prAkRta jainazAstra aura ahiMsA zodha saMsthAna, vaizAlI ke kArya saMcAlana meM ApakA mArga-darzana hameM prApta hotA rahA hai| isalie bihAra sarakAra ke zikSA vibhAga aura saMsthAna kI ora se maiM Apake sukha, samRddhi tathA yazasvI jIvana kI kAmanA karate hue apanI zubhakAmanAe~ preSita karatA huuN| DaoN. RSabhacandra jaina nidezaka, prAkRta jainazAstra aura ahiMsA, zodha saMsthAna vaizAlI (mujaphpharapura) pro. sudarzanalAla jaina : eka mRdubhASI sahRd vidvAn prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina se merA paricaya san 1678 meM kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke prAGgaNa meM sAtha-sAtha nivAsa karate samaya huaa| maiM vizvavidyAlaya ke praudyogikI saMsthAna ke dhAtukIya abhiyAntrikI vibhAga meM adhyApaka thA aura prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina vizvavidyAlaya ke kalA saGkAya antargata saMskRta vibhAga meM adhyApaka the| hama logoM ke alaga-alaga zaikSiNika vibhAga hone ke kAraNa zAyada hI kabhI samparka ho pAtA thA, kyoMki kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya eka vizAla zikSA-mandira hai, jisameM hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM zikSaka kArya karate haiN| parantu eka hI nivAsa saMkula jise

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siddha-sArasvata 'TIcarsa phlaiTa' kahate haiM usameM nivAsa kA sAnidhya va unake putra kA praudyogikI saMsthAna meM zikSA hetu praveza milanA hamAre ApasI mela-milApa kA kAraNa bnaa| hamAre gharelU sambandha sthApita ho gaye / hama eka dUsare ke sukha-dukha ke sAthI bne| kucha varSoM bAda hameM bRhad AvAsa AvaNTita ho gaye, nivAsa kI sAnidhyatA samApta hone ke pazcAt bhI yadA-kadA milanA ho jAtA thaa| lagabhaga 25 varSoM ke paricaya ke bAda hama donoM ke sevAnivRta hone ke pazcAt mela-milApa meM eka ThaharAva sA AyA parantu sambandha madhura bane rhe| 25 varSoM ke ApasI paricaya ne prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina ko bahuta nikaTatA se jAnane kA avasara milA rhe| saMskRta viSaya meM zikSA ke pazcAt unhoMne apanA zikSaNa kArya 1667 meM bijanaura se prArambha kara 1968 meM kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke kalA saGkAya antargata saMskRta vibhAga meM eka adhyApaka ke pada para kArya karanA prArambha kiyaa| apane utkRSTa zikSaNa kArya ke kAraNa Apa satata padonnati pAkara vibhAgAdhyakSa pada para kArya karate karate 2003 se 2006, taka kalA saGkAya pramukha ke pada para kArya karane kA gaurava prApta kiyaa| 62 varSa kI Ayu sImA ke kAraNa Apa kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya kI sevA se 2006 meM nivRtta ho gye| Apa sevAnivRta hone ke pazcAt bhI zodhakArya meM saMlagna rahane ke kAraNa Apako sadaiva deza ke vibhinna saMsthAnoM se bhASaNa ke liye Amantrita kiyA jAtA rhaa| Apako apanI vidvattA ke kAraNa vArANasI ke pArzvanAtha vidyApITha meM 2010 se 2012 taka nidezaka ke pada para rahane kA gaurava bhI prApta huaa| vartamAna meM Apa bhopAla nagarI meM nivAsa kara rahe haiN| yaha merA saubhAgya thA ki prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina jaise saMskRta ke prakANDa vidvAn se 40 varSoM ke antarAla ke bAda bhI mere sambandha jIvanta haiN| Apa eka atyanta mRdubhASI, sahRdaya evaM premI vyakti haiN| ApakA eka ha~satA khelatA parivAra hai jisakA pUrNa zreya ApakI dharmapatnI DA0 manoramA jaina ko jAtA hai| DA0 manoramA jaina eka suzikSita gRhaNI ke sAtha prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina kI sahayogI bhI haiN| yaha eka atyanta harSa kA viSaya hai ki prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina ke jIvana para eka smArikA kA mudraNa pragati para hai aura mujhe isa cirasmaraNIya grantha kA eka aGga banane kA avasara mila rahA hai| anta meM maiM prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina va unakI dharmapatnI DA0 manoramA jaina ke uttama svAsthya tathA maGgalamaya jIvana kI kAmanA karate huye smArikA ke sampAdaka va prakAzaka ko dhanyavAda denA cAhatA huuN| prophesara rameza caMdra gupta bhUtapUrva vibhAgAdhyakSa, dhAtukIya abhiyAMtrikI vibhAga, praudyogikI saMsthAna, kA0hi0vi0vi0, vArANasI naI pIr3hI ke mArgadarzaka vidvadvareNya DaoN. sudarzanalAlajI kA abhinandana grantha prakAzana kA nirNaya stutya hai| Apake dvArA saMskRta va prAkRta ke saMrakSaNa va samvarddhana meM jo kArya kiyA gayA hai use dIrghakAla taka yAda kiyA jaaegaa| Apake nirdezana meM bar3I saMkhyA meM zodha chAtroM ne zodhakArya kiyA hai jo prazaMsanIya hai| a.bhA. di. jaina vidvatpariSad kI kAryakAriNI meM ApakA sAnnidhya mujhe bhI milA hai, aneka bAra Apa ToDaramala smAraka padhAre aura hamAre bIca rahakara samaya diyA usake lie AbhArI huuN| yaha abhinandana grantha nayI pIr3hI kA mArgadarzana kregaa| isI sadbhAvanA ke sAtha / zrI zAntikumAra pATila zrI ToDaramala smAraka, bhavana jypur| kuzala zodha-nidezaka eziyA ke sabase bar3e AvAsIya vizvavidyAlaya kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke kalA saGkAya ke saGkAya pramukha (DIna) rahe prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina ne saMskRta bhASA ke sAtha-sAtha jaina dharma evaM darzana para aneka mahattvapUrNa zodha kArya kraaye| Apane kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya se 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra kA dArzanika parizIlana' viSaya para pro. siddhezvara bhaTTAcArya 52

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siddha-sArasvata jI ke nirdezana meM zodha kArya sampanna kiyA tathA pI-eca.DI. kI upAdhi prApta kii| Apane aneka chAtroM ko pI-eca.DI. kraaii| Apase hamArA pArivArika AtmIya sambandha Aja bhI hai| kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vigata sau varSoM se zaikSaNika guNavattA evaM zodha ke liye duniyA meM jAnA jAtA hai| rASTra nirmANa ke uddezya se kAzI hindU vi.vi. kI sthApanA bhArata ratna paM. madana mohana mAlavIya jI ne sana 1916 I. meM kI thii| Apane apane saGkAya meM aneka niyuktiyA~ kraaii| Apa svAbhimAnI tathA nirbhIka svabhAva ke haiN| kaI nae pAThyakrama prArambha kraae| prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina ko Apake kAryoM kI guNavattA ke AdhAra para bhArata sarakAra mahAmahima rASTrapati dvArA sammAnita kiyA gyaa| anya aneka sammAna Apako mile haiN| Apa eka sulajhe hue vidvAn haiN| kuzala prazAsaka bhI haiN| chAtroM ke hita cintaka haiN| maiM Apake ujjvala bhaviSya kI kAmanA karatA huuN| DaoN.vivekAnanda jaina pustakAlayAdhyakSa, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI zraddhAvAn labhate jJAnam maiM isako apane jIvana kA sarvocca puNya mAnatA hU~ ki mahAmanA paNDita madana mohana mAlavIya jI dvArA sthApita kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya se uccazikSA grahaNa karane kA saubhAgya mujhe milA aura mile vahA~ adhyApana tathA saMskAra kI dRr3ha nIMva ke niyAmaka AdaraNIya pro. sudarzana lAla jaina jaise guru|| 1981 meM kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya se sambaddha senTrala hindU skUla se hI bArahavIM kakSA uttIrNa karane ke bAda maiMne kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke kalA saGkAya meM snAtaka (Anarsa) prathama varSa meM praveza prApta kiyaa| isameM prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa evaM purAtattva tathA bhAratIya darzana ke sAtha maiMne saMskRta ko Anarsa viSaya ke rUpa meM cunaa| Anarsa viSaya saMskRta hone ke kAraNa saMskRta vibhAga ke prAdhyApakoM se adhyayana tathA vahA~ kI zaikSaNika gatividhiyoM tathA chAtra pratiyogitAoM meM sahabhAgitA kA avasara nirantara milatA rhaa| isI sakriyatA ke kAraNa vibhAga ke prAdhyApakoM ke samparka meM Ane kA avasara milaa| hamAre gurujI AcArya pro0 vizvanAtha bhaTTAcArya, pro0 vIrendra kumAra varmA, pro0 zrInArAyaNa mizra, pro0 kamalA prasAda siMha, pro0 jayazaMkaralAla tripAThI, pro0 rAmAyaNa prasAda dvivedI, pro0 umAdevI jozI ityAdi prAdhyApakoM ne snAtaka stara para hamako kakSAoM meM adhyApana kiyA aura jIvana ko nayI dizA pradAna kii| maiM isako apanA puNya mAnatA hU~ kI sabhI prAdhyApakoM ne mujhako apAra sneha tathA AzIrvAda pradAna kiyaa| pro0 sudarzanalAla jaina jI inameM se anyatama rhe| 1981 se 1984 taka snAtaka kakSAoM meM tIna varSa taka adhyApana ke samaya Apa vibhAga meM pravaktA ke pada para kAryarata the| Apane hamako aneka viSayoM meM kAvyoM ke sAtha nyAyazAstra ke suprasiddha grantha 'tarkasaMgraha' ko pddh'aayaa| hamAre jaise navapravezI chAtra ke lie viSaya nayA thA tathA grantha zAstrIya saMskRta bhASA meM likhit| ApakI adhyayana zailI, chAtrAnurUpa viSaya kA spaSTa pratipAdana tathA kaThinAI mahasUsa hone para saTIka va sarala samAdhAna ne usa grantha ko bhI anya granthoM ke samAna sarala aura subodha banA diyaa| Apane paMktiyoM ko yAda karane para bala diyaa| hama akSaraza: yAda kara gae aura samajhA bAda meM usakA mhttv| usa samaya parIkSA meM to sarvottama aGka mile hI para Aja bhI AvazyakatA par3ane para adhyApana ke daurAna usa grantha kI paMktiyoM ko kakSAoM meM bolate samaya hamako Apake dvArA dI gayI preraNA kA smaraNa ho jAtA hai aura prasannatA hotI hai ki hamane usako mahattva de grantha kaNThastha kiyaa| snAtaka kakSA meM tInoM varSa Apa hamAre adhyApaka rhe| isa prakAra ApakA AzIrvAda prApta hotA rhaa| 1987 meM saMskRta vibhAga se hI snAtakottara (sAhitya) kakSA uttIrNa karane ke daurAna hI hamane vizvavidyAlaya anudAna Ayoga (yU.jI.sI.) kI rASTrIya stara para Ayojita kaniSTha zodhavRtti (je.Ara.epha.) parIkSA uttIrNa kara lI aura usI varSa vibhAga ke variSTha prAdhyApaka pro0 vizvanAtha bhaTTAcArya jI ke zodhanirdezana meM pIeca0 DI0 kI upAdhi hetu paMjIkaraNa huaa| 1992 meM upAdhi prApta karane ke uparAnta vRtti kI samasyA sAmane A khar3I huii| kahIM avasara nahIM dikha rahe the| tabhI kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya se sambaddha dayAnanda mahAvidyAlaya (DI.e.vI kAleja) meM saMskRta ke pravaktA kA

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siddha-sArasvata eka pada vijJApita huaa| hamane bhI Avedana kara diyaa| pro0 jaina vibhAgAdhyakSa ke pada para kAryarata the aura niyamAnusAra rahe cayanasamiti ke sdsy| kalAsaGkAyapramukha the bhAratIya purAtattva aura saMskRti ke suprasiddha vidvAn pro0 lallana jI gopaal| ve cayana samiti ke padena adhyakSa the| 1993 julAI mAha meM isa pada kA sAkSAtkAra huaa| ummIdavAroM kI saMkhyA thI 59 | cayana prakriyA pUrNa hone ke uparAnta niyukti patra mahAvidyAlaya prazAsana ne nirgata nahIM kiyaa| niyukti kI sampUrNa prakriyA para eka ummIdavAra ke vyartha kA nyAyAyika vAda kara diyA, sthAnIya nyAyAlaya meN| usameM phaisalA pakSa meM huA kyoMki cayanasamiti ne hamAre nAma kI saMstuti kI thii| niyukti ke isa vAda kA nistAraNa hone taka hamArI niyukti alIgar3ha muslima vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga meM pravaktA pada para ho gyii| yaha kendrIya vizvavidyAlaya hai aura yahA~ kI niyukti kA hai vizeSa mhttv| mahAvidyAlaya kI isa cayanaprakriyA meM pro0 jaina kI prAzAsanika dRr3hatA aura nirbhIkatA sarvopari thii| 1994 ke apraila mAha meM alIgar3ha muslima vizvavidyAlaya meM pravaktA pada para niyukti milI thii| tIna varSa vahA~ rahane ke bAda kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM 1997 ke pharavarI mahine meM saMskRta vibhAga ke pravaktA pada kA sAkSAtkAra sampanna huaa| saphalatA milI niyukti prApta karane meN| chAtrAvasthA ke anantara saMskRta vibhAga kI eka adhyApaka ke rUpa meM sevA karane kA avasara mujhako milaa| vibhAga meM kAryarata pro0 sudarzana lAla jaina jI ko nirantara kisI na kisI naye grantha kI racanA yA phira kisI navIna zaikSaNika gatividhi meM saMlagna dekha hamako preraNA milatI rahI, apane samaya kA sadupayoga karane kI aura hama bhI kisI na kisI zaikSaNika pariyojanA ko vibhAgIya stara para aura vyaktigata rUpa se nirantara kriyAnvita karate rhe| vibhAgIya paristhitiyA~ adhyApaka ke rUpa meM saGgharSapUrNa hotI gayIM, parantu pro0 jaina kI zubhakAmanA sadA mere sAtha rhii| unhoMne zaikSaNika stara para hamArI nirantara sakriyatA ko dhyAna meM rakha hamezA protsAhita kiyaa| Apako saMskRta vibhAga kA vibhAgAdhyakSa do bAra banAyA gyaa| donoM bAra kA ApakA kAryakAla vibhAga kI unnati ke lie ullekhanIya va aitihAsika rahA, kyoMki kAzI ke mUrdhanya vidvAnoM ke nirantara vyAkhyAna, seminAra tathA kAryazAlAoM ke Ayojana ke prati Apane vizeSa ruci dikhaaii| isake atirikta ina sabake saphala Ayojana meM Apane hamezA mujhako pahale to chAtra ke rUpa meM aura bAda meM prAdhyApaka ke rUpa meM mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA nibhAne kA avasara pradAna kiyaa| Apa kalAsaGkAya ke saMkApramukha bne| usa samaya hamako saGkAya ke stara para aneka zaikSaNika uttaradAyitva pradAna kara Apane upakRta kiyaa| inameM se pramukha thA saGkAya kI vArSika zodhapatrikA 'apUrvA' kA prakAzana tathA smpaadn| snehapUrNa vyavahAra, cunautIpUrNa vibhAgIya prazAsanika aura zaikSaNika kAryoM ke nirvahaNa kA uttaradAyitva Apane mujhako pradAna kiyA aura hamako bhI isase sIkhane kA avasara milaa| Apane kisI bhI kArya ko saupane ke uparAnta kabhI nahIM pUchA ki kiyA kI nahIM? kyoMki Apako pUrA vizvAsa thA hamArI kAryazailI para aura kArya ke sampAdana ke prati samarpaNa pr| Apase mujhako hamezA AtmIyatA tathA sneha milaa| varSa 2003-2004 meM vibhAga meM rIDara ke pada kA sAkSAtkAra honA thaa| tIna pada the| maiM bhI abhyarthI banA variSThatA ke anuruup| kulapati ke sAmane samasyA rakhI gyii| unhoMne Adeza diyA ki sIdhe pada vijJApita kie jaaeN| Apane dRr3hatA dikhAI aura vaisA hI kiyaa| avasara upasthita huA sAkSAtkAra kaa| Antarika virodha carama para thaa| maiM kulapati se milA, apane zaikSaNika kAryoM ke viSaya meN| ve khuza hue| niyukti meM unhoMne Apake vibhAgAdhyakSa tathA saGkAyapramukha rahate mujhako pramoTa bhI kiyA aura rIDara pada para niyukti bhI pradAna kii| yogya kA saMrakSaNa karanA ApakA abhyAsa tathA saGkalpa rahA haiN| usa samaya mere atirikta anya do padoM para pro0 gopabandhu mizra tathA pro0 manulatA zarmA kI vibhAga meM rIDara ke pada para niyukti huii| vibhAga meM ina naye adhyApakoM ke Agamana se gatividhiyA~ bar3hIM aura ApakA kAryakAla atyanta saphala rahA, saMskRta bhASA tathA zAstroM ke saMrakSaNa tathA saMvardhana kI dRSTi se| eka aura dilacaspa saMsmaraNa / saGkAyapramukha ke rUpa meM kalAsaGkAya kI snAtaka kakSAoM ke lie nirdhArita 600 sIToM para praveza hetu Apake dvArA nirmita praveza samiti kA maiM sadasya banAyA gyaa| praveza ke lie nirdhArita ArakSaNa ke prAvadhAnoM ko kar3AI ke sAtha lAgU kie jAne para prazAsana kI kar3I najara thii| nirdhArita sIToM para chAtroM ke praveza meM inako lAgU kiyA gyaa| viSaya cayana meM inako lAgU karane kA koI prAvadhAna nahIM thaa| kucha ArakSaNa ke dAyare meM A rahe navapravezI chAtroM ko apane manacAhe viSaya nahIM mile| basa usameM viSaya cayana meM ArakSaNa die jAne kA prAvadhAna kahIM nahIM thaa| ArakSaNa ke niyamoM ko sucAru rUpa se lAgU karane ke lie vizvavidyAlaya ke stara para eka hAI pAvara samiti gaThita 54

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siddha-sArasvata thii| usake sabhI sadasya saGkAya meM dAkhila hae, chAnabIna karane ke lie| praveza samiti ke sadasya ke rUpa meM anya adhyApakoM ke sAtha maiM bhI unase milaa| kar3I chAna-bIna ke bAda sabhI sadasya santuSTa hokara cale gaye, kyoMki niyama saGkAyapramukha pro0 jaina dvArA lie gae nirNaya ke pakSa meM rhe| usa samaya ApakI dRr3hatA aura saphAI ke sAtha apanA pakSa niSpakSatApUrvaka rakhane ke kauzala ko dekha hamako nayI sIkha milii| aise hI aneka saMsmaraNa haiM jinakA ekatra ullekha samayasAdhya hai| nirantara kucha nayA zaikSaNika kArya karate rahane kI preraNA mujhako AdaraNIya sara se milii| kisI bhI vyakti ko milane vAlA apane jyeSTha kA saMrakSaNa tathA nirantara milane vAlA AzIrvAda andara se bala pradAna karatA rhaa| pUrNa manoyoga se apane lie nirdhArita durUha se bhI durUha viSaya ko adhyApana kie jAne ke sAtha vidyA tathA saMsthA ke prati samarpaNa kA pariNAma hai ki Aja vizvavidyAlaya meM aneka navIna zaikSaNika dAyitvoM ko bhI bakhUbI nibhAne meM kaThinAI kA anubhava nahIM hotaa| niSpakSatA tathA saccAI ke sAtha apanI jimmedAriyoM ke nirvAha kI pravRtti ko AdaraNIya jaina sara ke samparka ne aura dRr3ha kiyaa| maiM AdaraNIya jaina sara ke dIrghAyuSya kI kAmanA karatA hU~ aura kAzIpati bAbA vizvanAtha aura mAtA annapUrNA se prArthanA karatA hU~ ki unakI kRpA banI rahe aura Apa saMskRta vidyA kI sevA meM nirantara samarpita rahate hue apane jIvana ko saphala banA skeN| AdaraNIyA mAtA jI tathA unakI pUjanIyA mAtA jI kA sneha Aja bhI smaraNa mAtra se citta ko pramudita kara detA hai| unako bhI praNAma nivedn| pro. sadAziva kumAra dvivedI prophesara, saMskRta vibhAga, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI Passing the Batom of Knowledge I have known aged eminent scholar Prof. Sudarshan Lal Jain for almost 30 years. He is an erudite of Sanskrit literature, Prakrit literature and Jain philosophy. Time and again he has been showered with many honors by many organizations. Prof. Jain has directed the students like us while being posted as a head and a professor in Sanskrit department in B.H.U. He has also graced the post of Dean of Arts Faculty. Approx 45 research scholars have pursued their researches on deep and sophisticated subjects under his surveillance. Prof. Jain's students who are posted in different colleges and universities round the country as competent lecturers and professors are carrying his traditions ahead. Seeing his efforts and contributions in the field of education, our country's former President Shri Pranab Mukharjee has also awarded him with the Rashtrapati Award. From time to time Prof. Jain has propitiated the society of Sanskrit scholars in his area Kashi through his writings and delineations. Apparently Uttar Pradesh Sanskrit Sansthan awarded him many times for his works. It is delighting that his festschrift is going to be published which is a matter of complacency! I pray to Lord may. Prof. Jain's life and fame be long lived. Prof. Patanjali Mishra Department of Veda, S.V.D.V., B.H.U., Varanasi

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R -UR Eminent Honourable Prof. Sudarshan Lal It gives me great pleasure to write a few words about Prof. Sudarshan lal Jain for the volume to be released on the occasion of his 75th birth anniver Dr. Sudarshan lalji Jain is as senior scholar of the first order in the country in the field of jainology Prakrit and Sanskrit. Being a scholar in Sanskrit he has tought in the prestigious Kashi Hindu University in the Dept. of Sanskrit for more than three decades. He has served the university in the capacity of professor & chairman of the department and also as the Dean of the faculty. Under his able guidance more than 40 scholars have obtained their Ph.D. Degree. Prof. Sudarshan lal ji held the honour of serving the All India Digambars Jain Scholars Guild as the Chief Secretary and also as the Vice President. He has success fully organised many National and International conferences and seminars on Jainism and Jain philosophy. He is awarded by Sri Pranab Mukharji, the then President of India awards, for his contribution to Sanskrit and Prakrit languages and literature. Prof. Sudarshanlalji Jain has visited many foreign countries to spread Indian values, culture and literature across the world. I had the proud privilege of participating with him is many national and international seminars in India. I wish him from the bottom of my heart, long life and good health to serve the society in many more capacities. Prof. SHUBHA CHANDRA Chairman, Indology and Prakrit, University of Mysore P. Maintaining the Hindu Snaskriti in his Family I, Murali Kotte, has been living at Cupertino, California, USA for the past 20+ years. My very good and friendly neighbors are Sandeep and Sanjay Jain and their families. Both Sandeep and Sanjay are sons of Professor Sudarshan Lal Jain and I got the opportunity to meet Professor Sudarshan Lal and his wife when they visited USA. I have heard about Professor Sudarshan Lal Jain as a great Sanskrit Scholor and his contributions at Benaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. It was a great opportunity to meet him in USA and subsequently at Varanasi at their home. Though living in US, both Sandeep and Sanjay's families are well disciplined and maintain Hindu sanskriti and culture and certainly all this is due to Professor's upbringing and cultivating these values within his family. I am very fortunate to get the opportunity to live next door to Professor's 56

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siddha-sArasvata sons and had the privilege of spending some time with the professor. I wish the Professor a very happy retired life and pray to God to give him and his family good health and long life and enable him to continue his contributions to Sanskrit studies. Best wishes Shri Murali Kotte 19680 Drake Drive Cupertino, CA 950149 USA Nature of Simplicity and Hardwork I have great appreciation for your simplicity and hard work. 1 express my best wishes for your future literary activities and personal achievements. I wish you long life with good health. Pro. Kamal sheel Former dean , Faculty of Art BHU, VARANASI Well Known Scholar We are delighted to know that a felicitation volume is being brought out in appreciation of academic contribution of Prof. Sudarshan Lal Jain who is a well known scholar in the field of Sanskrit literature. His academic career was shaped under the supervision of my father Prof. Siddheswar Bhattacharya. Dr.Jain had long association with my father, initially as a beloved student and later as a dependable colleague in the department of Sanskrit and Pali at Banaras Hindu University. We are confident that many of his colleagues and students have contributed to this volume to make a noticeable mark of this important subject. Prof. Sudarshan Lal Jain is known for his significant academic contribution through publications, research and teaching. In recognition, he has been rewarded with several awards and ovrations. We wish him all the success and good health for future. Prof. Visweswar Bhattacharya Former HOD, Plastic Surgery, IMS;BHU, President Association of Plastic Surgeons of India-2008 Dr. Shipra Bhattacharya (MA;PhD, English literature, Free lance writer)

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R -UR Outstanding and Brilliant Academician I feel great pleasure in writing a brief note on our social and academic interactions with Prof. Sudershan Lal Jain, a superannuated Professor of Sanskrit of Banaras Hindu University. We are known to each other since 1976 ever since we were accommodated in the same apartment on the university campus. As far as I know Professor S. L. Jain is an outstanding and brilliant academician in his subjects and produced about four dozen Ph.D. students apart from publishing several research papers/articles in reputed journals/magazines. After talking to his students I came to know he is a wonderful teacher and delivers his well prepared lectures. The simplicity and purity of Prof. Jain's life, the devotion with which he has served the university will be remembered by his colleagues including his students. It is a matter of great satisfaction to me to pen-down a few words about our social and academic interactions while living on the university campus for more than thirty years. As far as our family relations are concerned I found them extremely friendly and beneficial. I take this opportunity to congratulate his wife Mrs. Manorama Jain who has been highly sincere and hard working housewife. I admire her helpful attitude with all the family members residing in the same apartments. I wish him and his family a peaceful, healthy and happy life for the years to come. Prof. D.N. Tiwari Ex. Professor, Department of Botany, B.H.U. Varansi Anicable in nature and Hardwork I am very much delighted to know the scholarship of Prof. Jain. He had a very long service in the former Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. that too, in the Dept. of Sanskrit. Varanasi haves got very long academic history regarding the Sanskrit langauge and literature. He had a very long band of students who were blessad with his sholarship, by which, he attained the most respectful position in academic area. He is wost pious, amicable in naure his hard work and studiouoness must have brought him like glttering star among the scholars of BHU. He must have followed the principle or a saying in sanskrit litrature in his yonnlr days. "vidyAturANAM na sukham na nidrA"

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siddha-sArasvata can his 75th birthday celebration, I wish him all the best and pray the Lord of seven hills, to bloss slim with very long life and strenth to do still many more acadimic works in the developmant of Sanskrit Language and literature. ____Dr. T.S. Giriprakash MA. Ph.D. (Retd.) Professor of telugu and chair person kamarj University, Madurai, Tamilnadu sarvaviduSAmabhinandanIyAH vidvadvareNya-jainavidyAvAridhipAraGgAtAnAM pro. sudarzanalAlajainamahAbhAgAnAM paJcAdhikasaptatitame janmadivase hArdikamabhinandanaM samarpyate - ye prAkRte tridazavAci ca samaM nadISNAH, dezasya rASTrapatinA'pi purskRtaashc| mAnyAH suhRddharasudarzanalAlajainAH, te santi srvvidussaambhinndniiyaaH|| pro. dAmodara zAstrI adhyakSa, prAcyavidyA evaM bhASA vibhAga, jaina vizvabhAratI (mAnyavizvavidyAlaya), lADanUM eka vilakSaNa vyaktitva pro. sudarzanalAla kA abhinandana smmaan| karatA vidvad samAja hai, isa misa sva-sammAna / / sundara AkarSaka vyaktitva hai, aura hai kRtitva bhI mhaan| zIrSa vidvAnoM meM hai ginatI ApakI, anupama hai pahacAna / / pro. sudarzana ne kiyA prAkRta vAGmaya ko khUba smRddh| kiyA jaina-bhAratI koSa ko, hai yaha jagata prasiddha / / sAhitya-manISI Apa haiM, darzana-manISI bhI aap| akSara-prajJa bhI Apa haiM, akSaya-nidhi haiM amaap|| zodha-samIkSaka Apa haiM, kavi-manISI bhI aap| vaktA aura vyAkhyAtA Apa haiM, sAhitya ke sirtaaj|| sampAdaka, lekhaka, vaktA, pravaktA vidvAnoM meM zIrSa sudrshn| medhAvI, guNazIla, manasvI, varcasvI, vidyAtIrtha Rjula nidrshn|| dharmaniSTha, karmavijJAnI, zrAvakavarya, karuNa sujnyaan| mahAmaitra, mAdhyastha-pramodI sajjanatA ke vibhu vrdaan|| deva-zAstra-guru ke parama ArAdhaka, svastikara, puruSArthI prameya gunnvaan| munigaNa-priya, mahAmanISI, zAnta, priyadarzI, sudhIvareNya, dhIra mtimaan|| he agrj| rASTrapati-puraskRta, prajJApuruSa, kiirtisvrnndn| amitakIrti maMjalA-nivAsI, kIrtipuruSa, sanAtana vandana abhinndn|| mama mana bagiyA hai tumase nndn| abhinandana hara pala abhinandana / / pro. pI.sI. jaina mAnada DAyarekTara, iMsTITyUTa oNpha hAyara sTaDI evaM risarca, jayapura 59

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siddha-sArasvata Apake vaiduSya evaM saralatA ko namana bar3I hI prasannatA ho rahI hai ki isa deza ke jaina samAja ke vidvAn khyAtilabdha paM. sudarzana lAla jI para abhinandana grantha kA prakAzana vItarAga vANI TrasTa TIkamagar3ha kI dekha rekha meM ho rahA hai| isa zubha kArya ke lie maiM jaina darzana ke prakANDa vidvAn aura deza ke prakhyAta pratiSThAcArya vANIbhUSaNa paM. vimala kumAra jI sauMrayA zAstrI ko AtmIya sAdhuvAda denA cAhatA hU~ ki unhoMne eka suyogya, sarala, sahaja evaM sAhitya tathA saMskRti evaM samAja ke liye apanA pUrA jIvana samarpita karane vAle sAhitya ke prakANDa marmajJa vyakti para abhinandana grantha prakAzita karane kA socaa| zrI paM. sudarzana lAla jI se merI mulAkAta jaina nagara bhopAla meM huii| unake jJAna, dhyAna ke bAre meM caryA ziromaNi AcArya 108 vizuddha sAgara jI mahArAja kA unako vizeSa AzIrvAda prApta hai| jaina dharma meM ApakI gaharI ruci hai tathA nisvArtha samAja sevA meM Apane pUrA jIvana samarpita kiyA hai| ApakI bahuAyAmI pratibhA se samAja ko bahuta lAbha huA hai| saMskRta evaM zikSA ke kSetra meM mahAmahima rASTrapati dvArA sammAna milanA apane Apa meM amUlya yogadAna samAja ko jAtA hai kyoMki Apake utkRSTa kArya se samAja kA nAma rozana huA hai| Apane apane pUre parivAra ko ucca zikSA dilvaaii| ApakI mahAna dhArmikatA, saumyatA, karmaThatA se paripUrNa vyaktitva vA kRtitva kA prakAza sadaiva samAja kA mAgadarzana kara rahA hai tathA bhaviSya meM bhI karatA rhegaa| samAja sadaiva hI ApakA RNI rhegaa| anta meM bhagavAna se prArthanA karatA hU~ ki ApakA jIvana sukhI tathA nirogI rhe| Apa nisvArtha paramArtha sevA karate rheN| Apa yazasvI hoN| isI maGgalakAmanA ke sAtha hama jaina nagaravAsiyoM evaM bhopAla jaina samAja kA parama saubhAgya hai ki Apa jaise mahAn maGgalakArI vidvAn kA sneha sAnidhya hama sabhI ko mila rahA hai| Apako meM pUrI samAja kI tarapha se namana karatA huuN| jaya jinendr| zubhakAmAnAoM shit| zrI pramoda caudharI, eDavokeTa adhyakSa - zrInandIzvaradIpa jinAlaya TrasTa jainanagara, bhopAla ApakA abhinandana-grantha preraNA stambha bane yaha jAnakara atyanta prasannatA huI ki jainadarzana prAkRta evaM saMskRta bhASA-sAhitya ke variSTha vidvAn pro. sArasvata sAdhaka sudarzanalAla jI jaina ke 75 veM janmadivasa ke mAGgalika zubhAvasara para abhinandana grantha prakAzita hogaa| san 1965 se a.bhA.di. jaina vidvatpariSad kI sadasyatA ke samaya se hI maiM vidvatvareNya DaoN. sudarzanalAla jI se bhalIbhA~ti paricita rahA huuN| pro. sudarzanalAla jaina jI prArambha se hI sarasvatI ke sAdhaka raheM haiN| nAnA saGgharSamayI paristhitiyoM ke madhya bhI ApakI sAhitya-sAdhanA anavarata calatI rhii| paM. jaganmohanalAla zAstrI, DaoN. darabArIlAla jI koThiyA, paM. pannAlAla jI sAhityAcArya, paM. kailAzacandra jI zAstrI, DaoN. harIndra bhUSaNa jI, DaoN. kastUracandra jI kAsalIvAla Adi variSTha vidvAnoM ke sAnidhya meM apanI sAhitya-sAdhanA karate rhe| vidvatpariSad ke mantrI ke rUpa meM Apane aneka sthaloM para jaina vidhA viSayaka sAhitya saGgoSThiyoM kA saphala saJcAlana kiyA hai| lagabhaga 20 varSa taka a.bhA.di.jaina vidvatpariSad kI kAryakAriNI ke sakriya sadasya rahane se mujhe Apake sAhitya-sAdhanA ke kAryavRtta se sAnidhya prApta huA hai| bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jainadharma kA yogadAna aura devazAstra-guru ye ApakI do racita evaM sampAdita kRtiyA~ mahattvapUrNa haiN| prArambhika jIvana ke saGgharSoM ke madhya apanI dhArmika AsthA, sAhitya-sAdhanA aura samyak puruSArthoM se apanI uccatama upalabdhiyoM se jaina vidvatsamudAya ke ziromaNi bane haiN| samprati Apa vidvAnoM ke ziromaNi svarUpa haiN| ApakI sahadharmacAriNI zrImatI DaoN. manoramA jI Apake sAtha sAhitya-sAdhanA meM rata rahatI haiN| ApakI anavarata sAhitya-sAdhanA kA pratiphala rASTrapati sammAna hai| Apake 75 veM janmadivasa ke zubhAvasara para Apake uttama svAsthya aura nirantara abhyudaya kI maGgalakAmanA meM ApakA abhinandana grantha preraNA stambha bne| DaoN. premacanda rAMvakA pUrva prophesara, bhASAvijJAna, jayapura

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siddha-sArasvata jJAna-sUrya-sama Alokita jaina jagat ke khyAti prApta mUrdhanya vidvAn pro. sudarzanalAla jaina ke abhinandana grantha kA prakAzana, vItarAga vANI TrasTa zaila sAgara TIkamagar3ha se deza ke khyAti prApta pratiSThAcArya paM. zrIvimala kumAra jI sauMrayA, pradhAna sampAdaka vItarAga vANI ke mArgadarzana evaM sampAdakatva meM hone jA rahA hai| yaha samAcAra jaba mujhe prApta huA to mujhe hArdika prasannatA kI anubhUti huii| mere antas meM eka hilora uThI ki mujhe bhI kucha paMktiyoM kA yogadAna denA caahie|| vaise to paNDita jI se merA paricaya atyanta laghu samaya kA hai, jaba se ve jaina-nagara meM nivAsa kara rahe haiM tabhI se hai| isa samayAvadhi meM maiMne jitanA samajhA usakA niSkarSa yahI hai ki itanI viziSTa sammAnIya upAdhiyoM ke dhAraka zikSA ke kSetra meM anekAneka ucca pratiSThita padoM para sevAyeM arpita karane evaM lagabhaga ardhazataka zodhArthiyoM ko pIeca.DI. karavAne vAle ye mahAn vibhUti deza kI bauddhika dharohara haiM tathA sadaiva rahegI, atyanta sahaja, sarala, mRdubhASI, nirAbhimAnI evaM uccakoTi ke saMskRta bhASA ke sAtha-sAtha Agama zAstroM ke gahana-jJAtA to haiM hI eka utkRSTa pravacana kartA bhI haiN| adhyayanazIla tathA sahayoga karane meM tatpara rahate haiN| unakI eka vizeSatA yaha hai ki ve Agama praNIta viSaya binduoM para vaijJAnika dRSTi se samajhane kI jijJAsA rakhate haiM tathA tarkapUrNa vivecanA ke mAdhyama se ve sampUrNa samAdhAna prApta kara hI santuSTa hote haiN| unakA yathArtha kathana hai ki vartamAna meM vijJAna sApekSa santuSTi kAraka vyAkhyA vivecanA hI vartamAna pIr3hI ke jijJAsuoM ko santuSTa kara sakatI hai jo unakI Agama para dRDha AsthA banAe rahane ke liye Avazyaka hai anyathA ve Agama praNIta vivecanAoM para avizvAsa karate rahegeM? yadyapi ve svayaM vijJAna ke pariprekSya meM DigrIdhArI nahIM haiM to bhI ve jJAnavAn haiM tarkazIla buddhijIvI haiN| mere vicAra se deza ke sabhI vidvAnoM ko isa sandarbha meM unake dRSTikoNa se sahamata honA caahiye| unako prApta upAdhiyoM, puskAroM, zaikSika yogyatAoM evaM sevAoM Adi ke sandarbha meM anekAneka vidvAn likhegeM ata: maiM punarAvRtti nahIM karanA caahuuNgaa| paNDita jI kA avataraNa grAma maMjalA, jilA sAgara, ma.pra. meM dinAMka 1 apraila 1944 ko prAta: 07:30 baje huA thaa| mAsTara sAhaba paramAdaraNIya zrI siddhelAla jI bar3akula evaM pUjya mAtuzrI sarasvatI devI ke ghara sarasvatI mA~ ke udara se sarasvatI putra kA janma hI to hogA, so huaa| pitAzrI siddha ke lAla, siddhelAla ke svayaM siddha jJAnadivAkara prakaTa hue the| __inake janma samaya ke graha-nakSatroM kA prabhAva aisA thA ki mAtuzrI apane nanheM se sarasvatI-cirAga ko 10 mAha kI avasthA meM hI zrIsiddhelAla jI kI goda meM sauMpa kara svargArohaNa kara giiN| cirAga rozana rahegA yaha aTala vizvAsa lekara gaI tathA svarga se hI AzISoM kI prakhara razmiyoM ke puJja sampreSita karatI rhiiN| inake hI AzIrvAda evaM pitA zrI siddhelAla ke varadahasta se viSama paristhiyoM meM bhI inakA kAlajayI ratha pragati ke patha para nirantara agrasara hotA rhaa| jisa zizu kA janma prAtaH kAlIna velA meM hotA hai vaha bAlaka gatimAna sUrya kI taraha yazaH kIrti vAlA hotA hai tathA usakA antas sadaiva jJAnasUrya se Alokita rahatA hai| yadi bAlyAvasthA meM sUrya bAdaloM kI dhuMdha se AcchAdita bhI ho to bhI kucha samaya pazcAt dhuMdha chaTha jAyegI, sUrya kA prakAza pUrNa teja ke sAtha prakaTa ho jaayegaa| yahI hamAre vidvAn zrI ke jIvana meM ghaTita huaa| aise zizu kA bAlyapana yadi kucha viparIta pratikUla paristhitioM se grasita bhI rahA ho to bhI samaya Ane para bhAgya kA sitArA camakegA, aise vyaktitva apane puruSArtha se hI svayaM kA nirmANa kara kIrtimAnoM kA sopAna car3hate jAte haiN| (Self made Man) samaya Ane para - saGgharSoM kI isa duniyA~ meM, mila gaI eka shelii| satI manoramA sama manoramA, aba taka thI jo akelii|| saumya sAmya mRdubhASI, prabala bhAgyazAlI vaha vidussii| saMga calI vana celI, aru puruSArtha bhI taba hI phalatA, jaba saMga ho aisI shelii| 61

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siddha-sArasvata patnI kA ho bhAgya prabala taba hI puruSArtha hai phltaa| nahIM nahIM to puruSapati, kevala hAtha hI mltaa|| jaina darzanAcArya huI aura DAkTreTa bhI kiinaa| viziSTa yogyatA pAyI inane, aura svarNapadaka hai liinaa|| paNDita jI bhI nahIM kahIM kama, rASTrapati kInhA smmaan| rahe sudarzana sadA sudarzana, nahIM tanika koI abhimAna / / sUryacandramA ke cirAga bhI kaise dhuMdhale rhte| sabhI putra-putriyA~ bhI aba nakSatroM se dmkte|| putravadhuyeM aura dAmAda sabhI priya ucca suzikSita laaye| sabhI nabha meM nakSatroM jaise, kIrtidhvajA lhraaye|| yahI kAmanA hai hama saba kI amara rahe jaya gaathaa| nahIM asta ho sUrya kisI kA dhanya he bhAgya vidhaataa|| zrI mahendra jaina evaM zrImatI zazi jaina pUrva maiMnejara, sTIla plAMTa, anaprekSA sadana, bhopAla siddha-sArasvata pro. sudarzanalAla jI : yathAnAma tathA guNa jainadarzana evaM bauddhadarzana ke sthApita vareNyamanISI pro. sudarzanalAla jI se mere vyaktigata sambandha vigata 50 varSoM se haiM, jaba Apa eka bAra mere grAma-mar3AvarA (lalitapura) uttarapradeza padhAre the| zrI di. jaina nayA mandira jI meM ApakA eka pravacana Ayojita thaa| pravacana ke pazcAt eka aupacArika mulAkAta huI aura tabhI se jur3e rahane kA koI na koI mAdhyama milatA rhaa| vastutaH yaha paricaya taba se aura gAr3hA hotA gayA jaba a.bhA. vidvatsaGgoSThiyoM meM athavA kabhI kabhAra vArANasI jAne para mile| vicAroM kA AdAna-pradAna hotA rahA aura hama loga bundelakhaNDa kI mATI kI saMskRti se bhIge hone ke kAraNa sambandhoM kA gAr3hApana AtmIya hotA gyaa| vidvattA meM vinamratA kI mahaka, bacapana ke saMskAra, svAvalambana aura garIbI kI garIyasA se jyAdA surabhita hotI hai| pro. sA. aura mere bacapana kI kathA-kahAnI lagabhaga eka sI rahI hai| Apako mAtR-viyoga bacapana meM, mujhe pitRviyoga bacapana meN| Apa garIbI kI garimA se tape hue bAhara niHzulka zikSA ke suyoga se uttarottara bar3hate gaye aura mujhe bhI 5 varSa (1953-58) zrI di. jaina dezabhUSaNa gurukula ayodhyA (u.pra.) meM ni:zulka zikSA kA suavasara milaa| jahA~ rahakara AtmanirbharatA kA pATha bhI pddh'aa| donoM bhautika abhAvoM se jIvana lakSya ke bhAvoM ko aura majabUtI se prApta kara, prazasta bhAgya aura puruSArtha kI jugalabandI se jIvana nirmANa kI dizA meM Age bddh'e| zikSA ke kSetra meM jahA~ pro. sAhaba jainadarzana/bauddhadarzana, sAhitya aura pAlI-prAkRta kI ucca zikSA ke kSetra meM agragaNya rahe vahIM maiM vijJAna bhautikI meM snAtakottara zikSA sAgara vizvavidyAlaya se prApta kara ma.pra. zikSA vibhAga meM prAcArya pada se sevAnivRtta huaa| mere mitra pro. sudarzanalAla jI jaise vareNya vidvAnoM kI sannidhi aura zubhAMkAkSA se inase bahuta kucha sIkhA aura jainAcAryoM / jaina santoM ke AzIrvAda kA prazasta puNya prApta kiyaa| mujhe pro. sudarzana lAla jI ke ha~samukha aura udAtta vyaktitva ne bahuta prabhAvita kiyaa| Apako apanI vidvattA kA kahIM bhI ahaMkAra nahIM hai| deza ke sarvocca kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI ke saMskRta vibhAgAdhyakSa pada para rahakara anta meM kalA saGkAya ke DIna jaise garimAmaya pada se sevA nivRtta hue| sAmAjika kSetra meM bhI kaI mahattvapUrNa padoM para rahakara, na kevala zikSA jagata meM apitu prazAsanika sAmAjika aura dhArmika kSetroM meM ananya upalabdhiyA~ rhiiN| aneka puraskAroM se puraskRta mahAmahima rASTrapati puraskAra (2012) ApakI vilakSaNa pratibhA kA zilAlekha hai| jJAna-yajJa kI samAdhi meM Apaka zodhaprabandha 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra : eka parizIlana' vizeSa carcita rahA hai| vidvAnoM kA abhinandana mAtra aupacArika nahIM hai| merA vizvAsa hai ki yaha unakI jIvana bhara kI zaikSaNika

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siddha-sArasvata tapasyA aura dhArmika va sAmAjika sevAoM kA pratiphala hai, jisake ve hakadAra haiN| pro. sudarzana lAla jI kA grahastha jIvana - sukhada evaM samRddhi se bharA huA hai| ApakI sahadharmiNI (merI bhAbhI sA.) DaoN. manoramA jaina eka viduSI aura dhArmika mahilAratna haiN| ucca zikSA prApta haiN| pArivArika jimmedAriyoM ko kuzalatA aura buddhi-viveka se apane putroM/putrI ko ucca zikSA se dIkSita krvaayaa| Apake sabhI bacce saMskAroM kI mahaka se dIpita mAtA-pitA ke gaurava ko pravartamAna kiye haiN| maiM pro. sAhaba ke dIrghAyu kI maGgala kAmanA karatA huuN| sat -puruSoM ko dIrgha Ayu milatI hai to ve use Atmonnati ke sAtha, rASTra, samAja aura nijadharma ke utthAna ke lie samarpita karate haiN| astu pro. sudarzanalAla jI svastha raheM aura dharmasevA ke saMkalpa se jur3e raheM, yahI kAmanA karatA huuN| paM. nihAlacaMda jaina pUrva prAcArya, bInA, ma.pra. zrIgurave namaH ajJAnatimirAndhasya jnyaanaanyjn-shlaakyaa| cakSurunmIlitaM yena tasmai zrIgurave nmH|| kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke pUrva saMskRta vibhAgAdhyakSa, kalA saGkAya pramukha, prAkRta, jainadarzana tathA saMskRta sAhitya meM vizeSAdhikAra prApta, aneka granthoM ke praNayana kartA, anuvAda evaM sampAdana kartA, kevala bhAratavarSa meM hI nahIM apitu videzoM meM bhI apane vaiduSya se sammAnita, aneka zaikSaNika evaM sAmAjika kAryoM ke phalasvarUpa mahAmahima rASTrapati sammAna se sammAnita, Apake nirdezana meM mujhe zodhakArya karane kA jo suavasara prApta huA etadartha maiM gauravAnvita huuN| paThana-pAThana ke krama meM mujhe guru-patnI dvArA bhI atyadhika sneha prApta huA, maiM unake prati bhI AbhAra vyakta karatI huuN| sevA nivRtti ke pazcAt bhI Apa anavarata rUpa se zaikSaNika kAryoM meM saMlagna haiM, jise dRSTigata karate hue mujhe eka paMkti smaraNa ho AyI 'kAvyazAstra-vinodena kAlo gacchati dhImatAm' Apake dIrghAyu kI kAmanA pUrvaka ApakI ziSyA zrImatI DaoN. uSA varmA esosiyaTa prophesara, saMskRta, vasanta mahilA ma. vi. rAjaghATa, vArANasI virAT vyaktitva ke dhanI pro. sudarzanalAla jI vidvadvareNya pro. sudarzanalAla jI asAdhAraNa vyaktitva ke dhanI haiN| vilakSaNa medhA ke dhanI pro. sAhaba ke virATa vyaktitva kA nirmANa satata saGgharSa ke jisa patha para calakara huA hai usa patha para calane vAle loga atyanta virala haiN| pro. sAhaba ne bacapana se hI jisa kaThina saGgharSa kA samAnA kiyA hai usake Age bar3e se bar3e dhairyazAlI loga bhI bikhara jAte haiN| dasa mAha kI alpa avasthA meM mAtR-viyoga sahakara bhI apane saGgharSazIla vyaktitva ke kAraNa hI pro. sAhaba ne jIvana ke caramotkarSa ko prApta kiyA hai| apane gA~va kI choTI sI pAThazAlA meM prAthamika adhyayana prArambha karake DaoN. sAhaba ne vibhinna jaina gurukuloM meM adhyayana kiyaa| DaoN. sAhaba kA adhyayana kevala kitAboM taka sImita nahIM rahA hai| Apane dharma-darzana aura saMskRti evaM prAkRta jaisI bhASAoM ke zAstroM ke gahana adhyayana ke sAtha-sAtha mAnava jIvana aura samAja ke vividha pakSoM ko bhI gaharAI se samajhane kA bharasaka prayAsa kiyA hai| yahI kAraNa rahA hai ki Apane deza ke sarvocca vizvavidyAlaya kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke sabase bar3e saGkAya ke adhyakSa pada kA nivarhana kuzalatApUrvaka kiyA hai| yaha merA parama saubhAgya hai ki mujhe paramAdaraNIya pro. sudarzana lAla jaina jI kA sAnnidhya taba se prApta ho rahA hai jaba maiM kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM pro. kamaleza kumAra jI ke nirdezana meM zodhakArya kara rahA thaa| pro. sudarzana lAla jI se maiMne apane zodhakArya ke daurAna aneka bAra mArgadarzana prApta kiyA hai| unake agAdha zAstra vaiduSya ne mujhe aneka bAra 63

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siddha-sArasvata abhibhUta kiyA hai| unakA vaiduSya jitanA gahana hai unakA hRdaya utanA hI sarala hai| unakA cintana sabhI prakAra kI saMkIrNatAoM se pare atyanta vyApaka hai| Apa apane isI vyApaka cintana aura udAravAdI dRSTikoNa ke kAraNa digambara jaina vidvAnoM ke sAtha-sAtha zvetAmbara jaina vidvAnoM meM bhI samAhata haiN| Apane 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra' jaise zvetAmbara Agama grantha para zodhakArya karake apane vizAla udAravAdI dRSTikoNa kA paricaya diyA hai| vartamAna vidvatparamparA meM Apa prAyaH sabhI vidvAnoM meM variSTha haiN| Apane akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvatpariSad ke mantrI aura upAdhyakSa jaise mahattvapUrNa padoM para rahakara apane uttaradAyitva kA kuzalatApUrvaka nirvahana karake vidvAnoM kI pratiSThA vRddhiMgata kI hai| ina mahattvapUrNa padoM para rahakara Apane apanI mahattvapUrNa samanvaya dRSTi kA paricaya diyA hai| pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI ke nidezaka rahate hue bhI Apane jaina Agama ke saMrakSaNa-saMvardhana evaM zodhakArya ke vikAsa ke lie athaka prayAsa kiyA hai| Apake vyaktitva meM deva-zAstra-guru ke prati asIma zraddhA jhalakatI hai| jinavANI mA~ ke prati apAra zraddhA hone ke kAraNa Apa sadaiva zAstra-saparyA meM saMlagna rahate haiN| isI zrutasevA ke bhAva se hI Apane aneka zAstroM kA sampAdana evaM lekhana kArya kiyA hai| Apake kRtitva meM jahA~ eka ora ApakA agAdha vaiduSya jhalakatA hai vahIM Apake maulika cintana se zAstroM ke gUr3ha rahasya bhI sahaja hI prakaTa ho jAte haiN| Apake virAT vyaktitva kA eka pakSa yaha bhI hai ki Apane samAja ke sAtha-sAtha apane putra aura putriyoM ko bhI ucca zikSita karake sAtha-sAtha zreSTha saMskAra bhI pradAna kiye haiN| samAja aura parivAra ke prati samAnarUpa se uttaradAyitva kA nivarhana karane vAlA Apake jaisA vyaktitva durlabha hai| Apake isa Adarza vyaktitva ke vikAsa meM ApakI sahadharmiNI DaoN. manoramA jI kA bhI avismaraNIya avadAna hai| DaoN. manoramA jI saralatA aura vAtsalya kI sAkSAt pratimUrti haiN| atithya satkAra ke lie ve sadaiva Atura rahatI haiN| ghara-gRhasthI ke kaThina se kaThina kArya bhI ve sahajatA se kara letI hai| muniyoM ko AhAra dAna dene aura tyAgI vratiyoM kI sevA meM ApakI gaharI ruci hai| pro. sudarzanalAla jI ke saGgharSazIla jIvana meM unakI dharmapatnI DaoN. manoramA jI ne paga-paga para sAtha diyA hai| AdaraNIya guru zrI sudarzana lAla jI ne apane satata saGgharSa se saphalatA kA AsamAna chuA hai| bhArata ke mahAmahima bhUtapUrva rASTrapati praNavamukharjI ne apane kara kamaloM se Apako sammAnita karake Apake prati rASTra kI kRtajJatA vyakta kI hai| isa ke sAtha hI deza kI vibhinna saMsthAoM aura samAja ne bhI Apako aneka puraskAroM se sammAnita kiyA hai| isI zrRMkhalA meM Apake sammAnArtha vItarAga vANI TrasTa dvArA Apake abhinandana grantha kA prakAzana kiyA jA rahA hai| Apake abhinandana grantha kA prakAzana vastutaH samAja aura rASTra kA Apake virAT vyaktitva ke prati eka AbhAra pradarzana hai| eka kRtajJatA jJApana hai| ApakA abhinandana karake samAja apane lie eka aisA Adarza sthApita kara rahA hai jisake anukaraNa kI apekSA samAja ko apanI vartamAna aura bhAvI pIr3hiyoM se hai| yaha merA saubhAgya hai ki mujhe isa abhinandana grantha ke prakAzana meM prabandha-sampAdaka kA uttaradAyitva milA hai| isa uttaradAyitva ke nirvahana karane meM mujhe pro. sAhaba ke virAT vyaktitva ko nikaTatA se samajhane kA avasara prApta huA hai| unase milakara hI maiM yaha jAna pAyA hU~ ki zraddheya guru jI pro. sudarzana lAla jI kA vaiduSya jahA~ himAlaya sA U~cA hai vahIM unake hRdaya meM svAbhAvika saralatA aura sahajatA kA sAgara bhI laharAtA hai| unakA yaha advitIya vyaktitva hI unheM mahAn banAtA hai| maiM gurujI pro. sudarzanalAla jI ke abhinandana grantha prakAzana ke avasara para jinendra prabhu se prArthanA karatA hU~ ki gurujI sadaiva svastha aura sAnanda raheM evaM dIrghAyu rahakara hama sabhI ko sadaiva AzIrvAda pradAna karate rheN| DaoN. paMkaja kumAra jaina 'lalita' prAdhyApaka- jainadarzana vibhAga, rASTriya saMskRta saMsthAna, bhopAla, ma.pra.

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siddha-sArasvata anupama preraNAspada vyaktitva zraddheya guru jI jainadarzana, prAkRta evaM saMskRta vidyA ke manISI vidvAn haiN| viSama paristhitiyoM meM adhyayana karate hue bhAgya aura puruSArtha ke bala para U~cAiyoM ke zikhara para pahu~cane vAle vidvAnoM meM se eka vizeSa haiN| kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI meM mujhe bhI ema. e. (saMskRta) karate samaya par3hane kA saubhAgya prApta huaa| maiM gurucaraNoM meM nata mastaka huuN| sAgara jile ke maMjalA grAma ko apane janma se gauravAnvita karane vAle parama AdaraNIya gurujI pro. sudarzanalAla jI ne vidvattA ke kSetra meM eka vizeSa kIrtimAna sthApita kiyA hai| san 2006 meM sevAnivRtta hone ke bAda gurujI ne apanA sArA jIvana dharma pracAra evaM prasAra meM samAja ko samarpita kara diyA hai| AdaraNIya gurujI samAja kI anupama nidhi haiM, unakA sammAna samAja kA sammAna hai, jinavANI kA sammAna hai| gurujI kI sahRdayatA, sahajatA, saralatA sabhI ke lie anukaraNIya hai| ApakA vyaktitva atyadhika spRhaNIya, anukaraNIya aura preraNAspada hai| Apa vAstava meM bahuAyAmI vyaktitva ke dhanI haiN| Apane jainadharma ke siddhAnta granthoM kA na kevala sUkSma adhyayana kara jJAnArjana kiyA hai apitu jJAna ko apane jIvana meM utArakara sva-para kalyANArtha atyadhika sadupayoga bhI kiyA hai| Apake mukha meM sarasvatI kA vAsa hai| jainadharma ke gUr3ha viSayoM ko sarala udAharaNoM ke mAdhyama se samajhAnA ApakI svAbhAvika vizeSatA hai| pro. sudarzanalAla jI jaina samAja ke yazasvI vidvAn haiN| Apake dvArA kI gaI avirala sevAoM ke pariNAmasvarUpa abhinandana grantha kA prakAzana ho rahA hai| yaha bhAratavarSa kI samAja ke lie gaurava kI bAta hai| AdaraNIya gurujI jainadarzana aura jainasiddhAnta ke adhikArI vidvAn to haiM hI, lekhaka, granthakAra, saphala sampAdaka bhI haiN| Apane jaina jagat kI mahanIya sevA kI hai| ata: Apako mahAmahima rASTrapati puraskara, uttarapradeza saMskRta saMsthAna lakhanaU dvArA svalikhita granthoM para cAra puraskAra, munipuGgava sudhAsAgara puraskAra, AcArya sumatisAgara smRti zruta saMvardhana puraskAra, zikSaka sammAna Adi aneka puraskAroM se sammAnita kiyA gayA hai| Apane akhila bhAratavarSIya vidvatpariSad ArSa mArgI vidvAnoM kI saMsthA ke yazasvI mantrI aura upAdhyakSa ke rUpa meM jinavANI kI atulanIya sevA kI hai| vidyArthI jIvana se hI mujhe samaya-samaya para AzIrvAda milatA rahA hai| yaha merA saubhAgya hai| jainadarzana ke adhikArI vidvAn ke rUpa meM ApakA jIvana avirala preraNAsrota hai| Apane jJAna, dhyAna, cintana, manana ke dvArA samAja ko amRta-rasapAna karAyA hai| gurujI cirAyu-svastha raheM, yahI guru caraNoM meM merA nivedana hai| zrI gurupada nakha gana jotii| sumirata divya dRSTi hiya hotii|| gururbrahmA gururviSNuH gururdevo mheshvrH| guruH sAkSAt parabrahma tasmai zrIgurave nmH|| DaoN. santoSa kumAra jaina sIkara (rAjasthAna) prazAsanika uccapada para kAryarata logoM ke lie preraNAstrota bhAgIrathI ke taTa para sthita manISI tathA karmayogI mahAmanA paM. madanamohana mAlavIya jI kI tapobhUmi kAzIhindUvizvavidyAlaya meM adhyayana-adhyApana pUrvajanmoM ke puNya karmoM ke phalasvarUpa prApta hote haiN| kAzI meM nivAsa karate hue yaha saubhAgya mujhe bhI prApta huaa| vidvAnoM se samRddha saMskRta vibhAga meM adhyayana kAla meM mujhe aneka gurujanoM kA sAnidhya prApta huaa| aise hI AcArya sudarzana lAla jaina jI se ema.e. (saMskRta) kI kakSA meM 'sarvadarzanasaMgraha' tathA 'nyAyasiddhAntamuktAvalI' par3hane kA avasara prApta huaa| nyAyasiddhAntamuktAvalI jaise kliSTa grantha kI vivecanA AsAna nahIM hotI hai kintu guruvarya ne saralIkaraNa karate hue nyAyadarzana ke siddhAntoM kI prastuti kI, jisase viSaya ke sAtha hI sAtha 65

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siddha-sArasvata guru-ziSya ke snehila sambandhoM kA bhI jJAna huaa| adhyayana ke uparAnta saMskRta vibhAga, kalAsaGkAya meM adhyApikA ke rUpa meM niyukti hone para maiMne gurudeva ke dUsare svarUpa ko phcaanaa| jisa vibhAga meM maiMne adhyayana kiyA thA, usI meM gurujanoM ke madhya atyanta saGkoca kA anubhava ho rahA thaa| isa asahaja vAtAvaraNa meM jaina sara mere sahayogI hone ke sAtha hI pathapradarzaka bne| 2004 kA vaha samaya jaba Apane vibhAgIya paridhi se unnata kara saGkAyastara para merI pahacAna banAyI, jo avismaraNIya hai| vibhAgAdhyakSa tathA saGkAyapramukha ke padoM kA nivarhaNa gurudeva ne atyanta kuzalatA se kiyaa| ina donoM padoM para ekasAtha pratiSThita hokara kArya karate hue aneka kaThina evaM viSama paristhitiyoM meM bhI maiMne unheM avicalita tathA zAntacitta dekhaa| avazya hI unakA yaha vyavahAra ucca padoM para kArya karane vAloM ke lie anukaraNIya tathA preraNAdAyaka hai| unake dhairya dhAraNa karane kI kSamatA para sahasA yaha zoka smRtipaTala para chA jAtA hai vipadi dhairyamathAbhyudaye kSamA sadasi vAkpaTutA yudhivikrmH| yazasi cAbhirucirvyasanaM zrutau prakRtisiddhamidaM hi mhaatmnaam|| Apa jaise guru ke prati saMsmaraNoM dvArA hI kRtajJatA prakaTa kI jA sakatI hai| yaha mere lie sammAna aura gaurava kA viSaya hai| ata: guruvarya ke pacahattaraveM janmotsava para maiM paramAtmA se unake svastha tathA dIrghAyu jIvana kI kAmanA karatI pro. umA devI jozI bhUtapUrva prophesara, saMskRta vibhAga, kAzIhindUvizvavidyAlaya, vaaraannsii| jaina vidyAnurAgI vidvAn pro. sudarzana lAla jI manuSya janma pAnA to puNyArjana kA hI pariNAma hai| vahA~ bhI jainavidyAnurAgI hokara jIvana jInA tadadhika puNyAtmA hone kA parijJApaka hai| purA vidvAnoM kI zrRMkhalA meM pro. sudarzanalAla jI Aja kaniSThikAdhiSThita vidvAn ke rUpa meM hama logoM ke bhAgya se hamAre sAmane maujUda haiN| unakI sAdhanA se unakA jIvana to dhanya huA hI hai jaina vidyA ko jAnane-samajhane kI jijIviSA rakhane vAle ziSyoM ko apanA jIvana dhanya karane kA avasara pro. jaina ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva se mila sakA hai| maiM bhI jainavidyA aura saMskRta-prAkRta vAGmaya kA vidyArthI rahA huuN| aura Aja bhI huuN| mujhe prasannatA hai ki maiM bhI unase pratyakSa-parokSa vidhi upakRta hotA rahA huuN| pro. jaina jainavidyA ke manISI to haiM hI prAkRta evaM saMskRta vAGmaya ke adhikArI vidvAn bhI haiN| unake avadAna kA Akalana kara unake vyaktitva aura kRtitva se loka jIvana ko upakRta karane ke liye jAgaruka sAmAjikoM dvArA unakA sAmAjika abhinandana karane kA nirNaya sarAhanIya hai| isa avasara para unake vyaktitva ko sthAyI banAne kI dRSTi se unakA abhinandana grantha prakAzita ho rahA hai, yaha sarAhanIya aura anukaraNIya upakrama hai, maiM isakI anumodanA karatA huuN| pro. jaina ke vyaktitva ko namana karate hue tathA unake kRtitva ke upayoga se kRtArtha hote rahane kI bhAvanA se unheM praNAma karatA huuN| merI kAmanA hai pro. jaina svastha rahakara zatAyu hoM aura sAhityika sAdhanA karate rheN| unheM sAdara nmn| pro. zreyAMza kumAra siMghaI AcArya evaM adhyakSa, jainadarzana vibhAga, rASTriya saMskRta saMsthAna, jayapura parisara siddha-sarasvatI ke sArasvata varadaputra parama AdaraNIya prakhara manISI vidvAn pro. sudarzana lAla jI mere dIrghakAla se paricita sAthI haiN| unakA abhinandana grantha paM. pravara pratiSThAcArya paM. vimala kumAra jaina sorayA ke pradhAna sampAdakatva meM vItarAga vANI TrasTa dvArA prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai| isaliye mujhe atyanta hArdika prasannatA kA anubhava ho rahA hai| rASTrapati sammAna se vibhUSita hone ke samaya hI yaha kArya sampanna hotA to aura adhika prasannatA hotii| sabase bar3e harSa kA viSaya hai ki puNyoM se unako do sarasvatI mAtAoM kA AzIrvAda aura dulAra prApta huA hai| eka puNya hai bhautika deha ko janma dene vAlI mAtA sarasvatI 66

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siddha-sArasvata devI aura dUsarI puNya jJAnarUpI amRta se puSTa karane vAlI mA~ bhAratI sarasvatI jinvaannii| yahA~ donoM kI hI pUjyatA prApta ho rahI hai| jainadharma-darzana ke labdha pratiSThita vidvAn pro. sAhaba ke alpavaya meM hI mAtR-viyoga kI sthiti meM apane parama pUjya pitAzrI se ucca zaikSaNika yogyatA prApta kI aura sAtha hI anekoM saMsthAoM ke ucca padoM para AsIna hokara zikSAsaMsthAnoM meM zaikSaNika sevA dekara samAja para bar3A upakAra kiyA hai| Apane aneka zodhachAtroM ko vividha prakAra ke viSayoM para DaoNkTreTa kI upAdhi dilvaayii| pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI meM nidezaka aura kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI meM vibhAgAdhyakSa evaM kalA saGkAya pramukha ke uttaradAyitvoM ko nibhAte hue jaina aura jainetara vidyA ke adhyetAoM ko jJAnadAna evaM mArgadarzana diyA hai| ve aneka saMsthAoM se garimAmaya jur3e rhe| anekoM sammAna milakara bhI unake guNoM kA samAdara karane meM hama asamartha haiN| unhoMne sAhityakSetra meM apanI maulika anudita (anuvAdita) evaM sampAdita kRtiyoM ke dvArA mA~ sarasvatI ke vizAla bhaMDAra ko bharA hai| unakA vyaktitva evaM kRtitva Adarza haiN| pro. jI sIdhe-sAdhe, sarala, sahaja vyaktitva ke dhanI haiN| unhoMne apane parivAra ko bhI bhalibhA~ti zreSTha kAryoM meM saMyojita kiyA hai| bhagavAn se maiM maGgala kAmanA karatA hU~ ki ve svastha evaM dIrghAyu rahakara samAja kA mArgadarzana karate rheN| ve sarvatra AdaraNIya hoN| abhinandana grantha ke pradhAna sampAdaka mAnanIya sorayA jI lagabhaga 50 varSoM se mere samparka meM bar3e Adara bhAva se pratiSThita haiN| isa punIta kArya ke liye unheM hArdika badhAI evaM sampAdaka maNDala evaM saMyojaka DaoN. sarvajJadeva jaina aura prabandha sampAdaka DaoN. paMkaja kumAra jaina Adi ke liye badhAI aura aashiirvaad|| vItarAga vANI TrasTa ke lie zubhakAmanA ki vaha isI prakAra se apekSita sAmAjika kAryoM kA prakAzana kara zikhara para virAjamAna rhe| anta meM pro. sAhaba ke viSaya meM nimna paMktiyA~ jo saTIka caritArtha hotI haiM use bhI aMkita kara rahA hU~ - vidvattA bhUbhRtazcaiva, naiva tulyaM kdaacn| svadeze pUjyate rAjA, vidvAn sarvatra puujyte| bhadraM bhUyAt zubhaM bhUyAt paM. zivacaraNa lAla jaina, mainapurI saMrakSaka evaM pUrva adhyakSa tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva jaina vidvat mahAsaGga saMrakSaka- akhila bhA. varSIya di. jaina zAstrI pariSad jaina vidvAnoM kI paramparA ke daidIpyamAna bhAskara jaina vidvAnoM kI paramparA ke daidIpyamAna bhAskara pro. sudarzanalAla jaina saMskRta evaM prAkRtavidyA ke zreSTha hastAkSara haiN| inhoMne syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya aura kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI meM adhyayana karake prAvINyatA prApta kI aura inakI vizeSatA rahI ki apanI hI zikSaNa saMsthA meM pravaktA ke rUpa meM zikSaNa kArya prArambha kiyaa| usI kAla meM maiMne kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga meM praveza liyaa| saubhAgya se DaoN. jaina ko apane zikSAguru ke rUpa meM paayaa| inake adhyApana kI zailI prabhAvI thii| hama sabhI vidyArthI inase par3hakara hamezA pramudita rahate the| ye viSayabodha karAne meM to dakSa the hI sAtha hI hameM hamezA mArgadarzana dekara Age bar3hane kI preraNA pradAna kiyA karate the| Aja bhI DaoN. sAhaba hamAre guru ke rUpa meM hI haiN| satata jaina vidyA ke vividha AyAmoM para kArya karane kI preraNA dete haiN| mujhe anujakalpa mAnakara inake dvArA jo zikSAe~ dI jA rahIM haiM unase maiM vizeSa lAbhAnvita ho rahA huuN| DaoN. jaina kI sahadharmiNI zrImatI DaoN. manoramA jaina kA bhAbhI ke rUpa meM sadaiva vAtsalya milatA hI rahA hai| pArivArika aura zaikSika kAryoM ke lie inake dvArA dI gayI preraNA hI hamAre vikAsa meM sahayogI banI hai| hama apane guruvarya pro. jaina sAhaba ke abhinandana grantha kI anuzaMsA karate haiM aura kAmanA karate haiM ki ye zata zarada RtuoM ke sumanoM se suvAsita raheM tathA jaina vidyA ke kSetra meM inakI yaza:patAkA sadaiva phaharAtI rhe| DaoN. zreyAMsa kumAra jaina adhyakSa - akhila bhAratavarSIya di. jaina zAstri-pariSada, bar3aut 67

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siddha-sArasvata mere vidyAguru aura abhibhAvaka bhArata ke khyAtilabdha jaina vidvAnoM meM pro. sudarzanalAla jaina jI kA nAma agragaNya hai| ve saMskRta, prAkRta, pAlI tathA jainavidyA ke vizeSajJa haiN| unase mujhe kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM adhyayana karane kA saubhAgya prApta huaa| ve mujhe nirantara pragati kI ora agrasara hetu protsAhita karate rahate the| mere vidyAguru ke sAtha unhoMne abhibhAvaka ke rUpa meM saMrakSaNa evaM nirdezana diyaa| apane sahAdhyAyI DaoN. dharmacandra jaina ke sAtha unake ghara para jAnA hotA rahatA thaa| jahA~ unake parivAra ke sadasyoM kA snehAsikta vAtAvaraNa prApta hotA thaa| pro. jaina kI sahadharmiNI DaoN. manoramA jaina kA svabhAva bhI haMsamukha evaM milanasAritA kA hai| inake putra deza-videza meM ucca pratiSThita padoM para sevA kArya meM saMlagna haiN| vArANasI kI pratiSThita saMsthAoM jaise syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, zrI gaNeza varNI digambara jaina saMsthAna kI kAryakAriNI samitiyoM meM vibhinna padoM para pratiSThita hokara unake vikAsa meM ullekhanIya bhUmikA kA DaoN. jaina ne nirvahana kiyaa| jaba meM kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM jaina-bauddha darzana vibhAga meM niyukta huA to barAbara isa vibhAga ke unnayana meM inakA sahayoga evaM mArgadarzana milatA rhaa| jaina saMskRti ke saMrakSaNa, saMvardhana, pracAra-prasAra meM unakA evaM unake parivAra ke sadasyoM kA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna hai| unake dvArA likhita kRtiyA~ jaise uttarAdhyayana sUtra : eka parizIlana, deva-zAstra-guru, prAkRtadIpikA, saMskRtapravezikA bahuta prasiddha haiN| inake kRtiyoM para inheM rASTrapati puraskAra se sammAnita kiyA gayA hai| unakA mahanIya vyaktitva evaM kRtitva hama sabhI ke lie Adarza hai| abhinandana grantha ke sampAdaka maNDala ke mAdhyama se unakI sevAoM ke prati kRtajJatA kA arghya samarpita kara hama gaurava kI anubhUti kara rahe haiN| hama unake yazasvI evaM dIrghajIvana kI hArdika maGgalakAmanA karate haiN| pro. azoka kumAra jaina vibhAgAdhyakSa, jaina bauddha darzana vibhAga, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI somanassa-sambandho (saumanasya - sambandha) idaM kho pana mahaM somanassa-visayo ti ya~ Acariya sudassana-lAla-jena mahodayena saha mahaM sambandhaM kadA kathaM ahosi| tena saha mama paricayo ekUnAsI ti adhikaM ekUnavIsati IsA sambaddharato atthi| tato paTThAya nirantaraM nibaddhagatinA nAnA visaya-pasaMge tena saddhiM aJamajaM saMllApo hoti / tasmA kiJci saddehi tena saha sambandhaM vyAkaronto ahaM AnandaM, pAmode pAmojaM ca anubhvaami| so aticiya udAro paNDito ti| so sissAnaM vijjatthInaM vA eko upakArako sahAyako ca Acariyo ti| so vohAra-kusalo suvidito puriso pi atthi| saddhA-hiri-otappa-paTivalehi sampayutto puggalo atthi / so saGkhata-pAli pAiya bhAsAnaM vipula-mANaMpi rakkhati / tasmA tena aneka potthakAni likhitAni honti| so nAnappakArAnaM gAravopAdhinehi sammAnehi vA sammAnito ahosi| ahaM taM abhinandanaM karonto tassa sabalaM jIvitindriyaM dIghamAyuM ca kaamyaami| ahaM etamatthaM bhagavantaM yaacyaami| pro. harizaMkara zukla pUrva adhyakSa, pAli evaM bauddha adhyayana vibhAga, bI.eca.yU., vArANasI hamAre mArgadarzaka pro. sudarzanalAla jI se merA pahalA sAkSAtkAra 1973 meM huaa| jaba maiM kaTanI ke zAMti niketana jaina vidyAlaya meM par3hatA thaa| usa samaya DaoN. sAhaba kA udAharaNa diyA jAtA thA ki yahA~ ke chAtra kA. hi. vi. vi. meM prophesara pada para cayanita hue haiN| inake bhAMje zrI nandanalAla jI ke sAtha pahalI bAra vArANasI gyaa| zrI nandana lAla jI pahale hI dina 68

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siddha-sArasvata inake ghara le gye| pUre parivAra se snehila pyAra milane ke kAraNa vArANasI meM apanApana paayaa| phira inhoMne mujhe bI.e. meM bhI par3hAyA tathA samaya-samaya para mArgadarzana bhI dete rhe| inake dvArA likhI huI 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra : eka samIkSAtmaka parizIlana, 'prAkRta-dIpikA', 'saMskRta-pravezikA' tathA jainadarzana kI mukhya pustaka 'deva-zAstra-guru' se maiM bahuta upakRta huaa| zAMta-svabhAva ke sAtha Apa jahA~ chAtroM kA kalyANa cAhate haiM vahIM apane baccoM ko bhI khUba yogya bnaayaa| tInoM bacce kuzala iMjIniyara tathA eka baccI kA cayana ema.bI.bI.esa. meM mahAna upalabdhi kahA jAtA thaa| kalA saGkAya ke DIna pada para bhI Apa AsIna hue tathA akhila bhAratavarSIya di.jaina vidvatpariSad ke mahAmantrI pada para rahate hue jainasamAja kA gaurava bddh'aayaa| Apake Age bar3hane meM AdaraNIyA bhAbhI jI DaoN. manoramA jaina kA bhI mahattvapUrNa yogadAna hai| Apa kuzala gRhiNI, dhArmika vRtti evaM zikSA meM bhI pravINa haiN| merA evaM hamAre parivAra kA Apa vizeSa dhyAna rakhatI haiM tathA acchI salAha bhI detI rahatI haiN| maiM punaH kAmanA karatA hU~ ki pro. sudarzana lAla jI zatAyu hoM tathA saMskRta evaM prAkRta kI sevA karate hue hama sabakA mArgadarzana karate rheN| pro. vijaya kumAra jaina saGkAya pramukha evaM prAcArya, rASTrIya saMskRta saMsthAna, gomatI nagara, lakhanaU pAtrasnehI parArthakRt guruvara vidvadvareNya prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina ko abhinandana grantha samarpaNa kI AyojanA vilamba se hI sahI, para eka uttama prayAsa hai| maiM lagabhaga cAra dazaka se pro. jaina se suparicita huuN| jaba meM adhyayanArtha vArANasI pahu~cA to Apa kAzIhindUvizvavidyAlaya meM saMskRta vibhAga meM pravaktA the tathA ApakI chavi eka pAtrasnehI paropakArI zikSaka ke rUpa meM, eka acche iMsAna ke rUpa meM ziSya samudAya meM sarvatra vyApta thii| varSa 1971 meM iMTara kara lene ke bAda jaba maiMne bI.e. meM kA.hi.vi.vi. meM praveza liyA to guruvara meM maiMne una saba guNoM ko pratyakSa dekhA, sAkSAt pAyA jinheM maiM sunA karatA thaa| mujhe gaurava hai aura ise maiM apanA ahobhAgya mAnatA hU~ ki mujhe pro. jaina jaise guru se snAtaka evaM snAtakottara stara para par3hane kA saubhAgya milaa| saMskRta evaM prAkRta bhASAoM ke suvettA ApakI bhAratIya darzanoM meM abAdha gati hai| rASTrapati puraskAra Adi aneka sammAna Apako pAkara sArthaka huye haiN| sAhitya-saparyA ke kSetra meM ApakA mahanIya yogadAna hai| zrI a. bhA. di. jaina vidvatpariSad dvArA prakAzita ApakI kRti 'deva-zAstra aura guru' ne zramaNoM aura zrAvakoM meM akSuNNa kIrti arjita kI prophesara sudarzana lAla jI jaina kA 'jIvana jitane kaSTa kaMTakoM meM gujarA hai, jisakA jIvana sumana khilA saurabha gandha use utanA hI yatra-tatra sarvatra milA' kI jItI jAgatI kahAnI hai| unhoMne apane puruSArtha ke bala para bhAgya ko paTakhanI dii| unakA sampUrNa parivAra ucca zikSita, saMskAravAn evaM ucca padoM para pratiSThita hai| unakI ardhAMginI zrImatI DaoN. manoramA jaina jainadarzana kI viduSI haiM, santati saMskAranirmANa kI haiM, sahI artha meM mAtA haiN| Aja jisa uccAsana para pro. jaina virAjamAna haiM, usameM AdaraNIyA DaoN. manoramA jI kA mahanIya avadAna hai| maiM abhinandana grantha ke prakAzana ke avasara para jisake sampAdaka-maNDala kA maiM sahabhAgI hU~, apanI ora se, apane parivAra kI ora se pro. sAhaba ke caraNoM meM apanI vinamra vinaya prakaTa karatA huA prArthanA karatA hU~ ki ve svastha dIrghAyuSya ko pAkara sAhitya evaM samAja kI sevA meM saidava ziromaNi bane rheN| DaoN. jayakumAra jaina adhyakSa, zrI a.bhAratavarSIya di.jaina. vidvatpariSad, mujaphpharanagara 69

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siddha-sArasvata DIna ke rUpa meM aneka kIrtimAna sthApita kie maiM aura prophesara (DaoN.) sudarzana lAla jaina donoM kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM adhyApana karate the| maiM sivila iMjiniyariMga meM thA aura pro. jaina saMskRta vibhAga, kalA saGkAya meM the| jaina hone ke nAte hama logoM kA paricaya pragAr3ha hotA calA gyaa| eka dUsare ke ghara AnA-jAnA hotA rhaa| Apa jaina vidyA ke prakRSTa vidvAn haiM sAtha-sAtha eka bahuta hI sarala aura sahRdaya vyakti haiN| jainadharma sambandhI zaGkAoM kA samAdhAna mujhe Apase milatA thaa| Apa kramaza: unnati ke zikhara para bar3hate hue kAzIhindUvizvavidyAlaya ke sabase bar3e kalA saGkAya ke DIna (pramukha) bne| isa sarvocca pada para rahakara Apane bar3I kuzalatA se prazAsana kiyA aura aneka nae AyAmoM kI sthApanA kii| ApakA oNphisa aura ghara kA darabAjA hamezA sabhI (adhyApaka, chAtra, karmacArI) ke lie khulA rahatA thaa| sabhI Apase prasanna rahate the| viDalA chAtrAvAsa ke bhI pramukha the aura chAtroM kI kuzalatA se surakSA karate the| itihAsa meM pahalI bAra unako chAtroM ne abhinandana kiyaa| kulapati, rajiSTrAra, phAineMsa oNphIsara Adi bhI Apake prazAsana se khuza rahate the| Apane aneka kIrtimAna sthApita kie| Apake isa abhinandana grantha ke mAdhyama se Apako maGgala kAmanA preSita karate haiN| bhAbhI jI zrImatI DaoN. manoramA jI bhI badhAI kI pAtra haiN| pro. kamalakumAra jaina epha - 70 kAlkA jI, naI dillI AlocanA aura chidrAnveSaNa se dUra pro. sudarzanalAla jI aura bhAbhI jI zrImatI DaoN. manoramA jI se merA aura mere parivAra kA paricaya bahuta purAnA hai| jaba se unhoMne vArANasI meM nivAsa karanA prArambha kiyA thA tabhI se ve mere paricaya meM haiN| unake madhura vyavahAra aura zAstrIya jJAna ne mujhe AkarSita karanA prArambha kiyA aura dhIre-dhIre merI unake prati AtmIyatA aura sammAna bar3hatA calA gyaa| unakA sneha bhI mere aura mere parivAra ke prati sadaiva rahA hai| unameM maiMne kahIM bhI ahaGkAra nahIM dekhA hai| ve kazI ke jaina vidvAnoM meM variSTha rahate hue bhI ati vinamra aura sarala haiN| ve jaTila se jaTila prazna kA uttara bhI bar3I hI saralatA se de dete haiN| unake samAdhAnoM meM dharma ke zAstrIya pakSa ke sAtha-sAtha vyAvahArika pakSa kI bhI pradhAnatA rahatI hai| pro. sAhaba se maiMne jaba-jaba dhArmika yA sAmAjika viSayoM para carcA kI hai taba-taba maiMne dekhA hai ki unakI dRSTi sadaiva guNa-grAhaka rahI hai ve AlocanA aura chidrAnveSaNa karane se hamezA bacate haiN| paNDita jI pantha nirapekSa rahakara hara sthAna se sirpha acchAI grahaNa karane para bala dete haiN| jitanA jJAna unheM digambara zAstroM kA hai utanA hI jJAna zvetAmbara Agama granthoM tathA jainetara darzanoM kA bhI hai| saMskRta bhASA para ApakA pUrNa adhikAra hai| Apa sadaiva dharma ke mUla siddhAntoM aura Agama ke anukUla jaina dharma kI samIcIna mAnyatAoM ke saMrakSaNa para bala dete haiN| mujhe dharma sabhAoM aura sAmAjika kAryakramoM meM aneka bAra unake vyAkhyAnoM ko sunane kA avasara milA hai| ve gUr3ha se gUr3ha viSaya kA sAra sarala bhASA meM vyakta karane meM niSNAta haiN| ve kAzI meM nirvivAdarUpa se sarvamAnya haiN| jaba se Apa vArANasI se sevAnivRtta hokara bhopAla nivAsa karane lage haiM taba se kAzI kI jaina samAja Apako sadaiva yAda karatI rahatI hai| mujhe yaha jAnakara atyanta prasannatA ho rahI hai ki Apake sammAna meM abhinandana grantha kA prakAzana kiyA jA rahA hai| Apane apane amUlya jJAna se samAja para jo upakAra kiyA hai samAja usake lie sadaiva ApakI RNI rhegii| maiM jinendra prabhu se yaha maGgala kAmanA karatA hU~ ki Apa aura bhAbhI jI sadaiva svastha aura dIrghAyu bane raheM aura mere aura mere parivAra para sadaiva ApakA AzIrvAda banA rhe| vArANasI

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siddha-sArasvata sambandhoM meM nizchala AtmIyatA AdaraNIya bhAIsAhaba zrI sudarzanalAla jI jaina se merA sambandha 1973-74 ke AsapAsa huA thaa| mere pitAjI sva. zrI jamanAlAla jaina pArzvanAtha zodhapITha meM kArya kara rahe the| maiM banArasa hindu vizvavidyAlaya meM bI.e. kA chAtra thaa| bhAIsAhaba kA zodhapITha meM AnA jAnA lagA rahatA thaa| jaldI hI hamArA sambandha pArivArika ho gyaa| bhAbhI jI (zrImatI manoramA jI) merI mA~ sva. vijayA devI kI AtmIya ho gyiiN| maiM aksara unake AvAsa para calA jAtA thaa| inakA bar3A beTA sandIpa aura choTA beTA saMjaya mere sAtha khUba khelate the| beTI manISA to bahuta hI choTI thii| bAda meM maiMne donoM baccoM ko bhUgola bhI pddh'aayaa| merI mA~ ko pleTaleTa DiphIziyensI kI bimArI thii| eka bAra unako bI.eca.yU. aspatAla meM imarajensI meM bhartI karAnA pdd'aa| usa samaya bhAbhI jI aura bhAIsAhaba ne kAphI madada kii| una donoM meM nizchalatA aura sahRdayatA kUTakUTa kara bharI thii| sambandhoM ko madhura kaise banAye rakhA jAtA hai yaha Apa donoM se sIkhanA caahie| merI unase punaH mulAkAta 2017 meM bhopAla lAlaghATI ke jainamandira meM huii| vahA~ merI patnI saroja ke bhatIje kI zAdI thii| zAma ko mandira parisara meM bhAbhI jI se mulAkAta ho gaI phira unake sAtha unake ghara para gaye aura bhojana kiyaa| jaba bhI maiM bI.eca. yU. jAtA hU~ to Apa donoM kI yAda tAjA ho jAtI hai| Izvara se yahI prArthanA hai ki Apa donoM kA jIvana svastha aura prasanna rhe| __DaoN. abhaya kumAra jaina sA. 14/37 e, baraIpura, sAranAtha (vArANasI) merA bhI sAdara praNAma AdaraNIya DaoN. sudarzana lAla jaina ko maiM vidyArthI jIvana kAla se jAnatA huuN| syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya, bhadainI vArANasI meM ve variSTha kakSA ke chAtra the| maiM unase do-tIna kakSAe~ pIche thaa| ve bahuta laganazIla, antarmukhI, karttavyaniSTha aura medhAvI chAtra the| unhoMne abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga meM lIna rahakara sAhityAcArya, jainadarzanAcArya, prAkRtAcArya aura ema.e. saMskRta jaise viSayoM meM snAtakottara upAdhiyA~ prApta kI thiiN| vArANasI meM hI pratiSThita paM. darabArI lAla koThiyA ke ve priya ziSya the| usa samaya yaha bAta vyApta thI ki koThiyA jI unheM goda lene jA rahe haiN| ema. e. karane ke bAda pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna, vArANasI se skAlarazipa prApta kara vahIM se 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra : eka dArzanika parizIlana' viSaya para AdaraNIya DaoN. siddhezvara bhaTTAcArya ke kuzala nirdezana meM pI-eca.DI. kI upAdhi prApta kii| jaba ve zodhakArya meM lIna rahakara nirantara adhyayana manana karate the to mere mana meM bhI yaha bAta AtI thI ki maiM bhI isI prakAra pI-eca.DI. kruuN| pI-eca.DI. upAdhi arjita kara ve varddhamAna kaoNleja, bijanaura meM saMskRta pravaktA pada para niyukta ho gye| syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya ne unheM bhAvabhInI vidAI dii| usa samaya vidyAlaya ke adhIkSaka bhagata harizcandra jI ne kahA thA ki thor3e samaya ke lie hI bijanaura jA rahe haiM, bAda meM yahIM banArasa A jaayeNge| bhagata jI kI yaha bhaviSyavANI satya siddha huii| eka varSa bAda hI unakI niyukti kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga meM pravaktA pada para ho gii| ema. e. dvitIya varSa meM maiM unakA chAtra rhaa| yaha merA saubhAgya thaa| yaha saMyoga hI kahanA cAhie ki jisa bijanaura ko vo chor3akara A gae the, vahA~ para unhIM ke pada para merI niyukti anAyAsa hI ho gaI aura mere jIvana kA svarNima kAla vahIM sAhitya sAdhanA karate biitaa| yaha bhI anupama saMyoga thA ki zraddheya paNDita kailAzacandra zAstrI aura DaoN. siddhezvara bhaTTAcArya jaise dhurandhara vidvAnoM se adhyayana karane kA mujhe saubhAgya prApta huaa| DaoN. sudarzanalAla jI kI dharmapatnI DaoN. manoramA jaina apane pati kI nirantara anugAminI rahIM aura unakI sevA ke kAraNa sudarzanalAla jI aba bhI bar3hI umra meM bhI sudarzana bane hue haiN| DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI jina U~cAiyoM ko chUnA cAhate the, una sabako chUkara Aja bhI anukUla sthiti meM rahakara 71

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siddha-sArasvata AtmasevA aura zruta-sevA meM lIna haiN| ve mere lie vayovRddha haiM, jJAnavRddha aura dhanavRddha haiN| ve isI prakAra prasannamukha aura saumyamukha rahakara pragatizIla raheM, isI bhAvanA ke sAtha unheM sAdara praNAma karatA huuN| DaoN. ramezacandra jaina pUrva adhyakSa saMskRta vibhAga, vardhamAna kAleja, bijanaura, u.pra. pUrvanidezaka- rASTrIya prAkRta adhyayana evaM zodha saMsthAna, zravaNabelagolA (karnATaka) paNDita pravara ko jaisA maiMne anubhava kiyA hamAre pitAzrI ke mitra DaoN. sudarzana jI jaba bI.eca.yU meM sevArata the, taba usa samaya kevala yaha dhyAna thA ki kisI vibhAgAdhyakSa ke yahA~ jA rahe haiN| pati-patni ke Avabhagata se abhibhUta, unhoMne apanI sAhityika kRtiyoM se avagata karAyA, taba jJAta huA ki hama saumya, sarala, mRdubhASI vidvAn se mila rahe haiN| isake pazcAt to anekoM bAra milane kA saubhAgya prApta huaa| hara mulAkAta meM unhoMne kabhI yaha mahasUsa nahIM hone diyA ki hama bahuta bar3e vidvAn se mila rahe haiN| tanika bhI ahaGkAra kA AbhAsa nahIM huaa| merI pustaka jaina tIrtha vaMdanA evaM darzanIya sthala evaM jaina digambarAcArya preraka santa ke saGkalana meM mArgadarzana ke sAtha sadaiva protsAhita karate rahe, jisake kAraNa donoM kRtiyA~ starIya bana giiN| Apa vidvAna ke atirikta atithipriya, sarvahitAya, kazala pravacanakartA bhI haiN| yaha anubhava hamAre bhopAla pravAsa meM huA, jaba AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara jI kA cAturmAsa cala rahA thaa| Apane svayaM rAtri meM jAkara lAlaghATI sthita naMdIzvaradIpa mandira meM hamAre liye AvAsa vyavasthA kI evaM prAtaH bhojana ke liye Amantrita kiyaa| aise sarala, saumya vidvAn kA sAnnidhya pAkara hama abhibhUta the| rASTrapati evaM aneka saMsthAoM se sammAnita evaM puraskRta, aneka zodha granthoM ke lekhaka, patra-patrikAoM ke sampAdaka, kaI kRtiyoM ke anuvAdaka, a.bhA. vidvat pariSad ke mantrI evaM adhyakSa, kaI saMsthAoM ke mantrI evaM nidezaka DaoN. sudarzana jI kA vyaktitva itanA prabhAvazAlI hai ki kaI sAdhusanta apanI kRtiyoM kA hindI anuvAda evaM sampAdana Apase karAnA cAhate haiN| aise vyaktitva kA abhinandana kara hama alpajJa svayaM ko gauravAnvita mahasUsa karate haiN| Apa zatAyu hoM aura samAja ko sAhitya ke sAtha dharma-prabhAvanA kA kArya karate raheM, aisI bhAvanA karate haiN| DaoN. Ara. ke. jaina sTezana roDa, koTA AlocakoM ko bhI bhakta banAne kI adbhata kSamatA yaha bahuta prasannatA kA viSaya hai ki pro. sudarzana lAla jaina kA abhinandana grantha unake 75 veM janmadivasa ke zubha avasara para prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai| yaha unake dvArA kI gaI jaina dharma evaM saMskRta-prAkRta bhASA kI sevAoM ko dekhate hue sarvathA anukUla avasara hai| DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina ke nirdezana meM 40 se adhika chAtroM ne pI-eca.DI. kI upAdhi arjita kI hai| samayasamaya para jainadharma para Ayojita seminAroM evaM kAnphreMsoM meM apane maulika lekhoM se vidvat samAja meM khyAti prApta kii| Apane kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga meM 38 varSoM taka lekcara, rIDara evaM prophesara ke rUpa meM kArya kiyA evaM kalAsaGkAya ke pramukha (DIna) pada kA saphalatA pUrvaka nirvahana kiyaa| prophesara sudarzanalAla jI jaina meM eka adbhuta kSamatA thI ki unake Alocaka bhI unake bhakta bana jAyA karate the evaM ApakA nirbAdha rUpa se sahayoga karate the| kalA saGkAya kI mITiMga meM eka prakhara Alocaka ko do minaTa meM anukUla kara lene para sabhI vibhAgAdhyakSa Azcarya-cakita hokara pUchane lage jaina sAhaba kaunasA mantra phUMkA hai| pro. sudarzana lAla jI ne apane tIna putroM evaM eka putrI ko usa samaya ke anusAra sarvottama zikSA dilaaii| 72

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siddha-sArasvata hAlAMki kaI bAra ApakI rAha meM Arthika bAdhAe~ bhI AI magara Apane dhairya pUrvaka nirvAha kiyaa| pro. sudarzana lAla jaina apane prakhara vyaktitva ke kAraNa vidvajjanoM meM AdaraNIya rahe haiN| jaina samAja kAzI dvArA Apako samaya-samaya para jaina darzana para vyAkhyAna ke lie nimaMtrita kiyA jAtA rahA hai| apanI lekhanI dvArA Apane aneka granthoM kI racanA kI jo ki bhaviSya meM 'mIla kA patthara' ke rUpa meM jAnI jaayegii| ApakI saMskRta-prAkRta bhASA kI sevAoM ke phalasvarUpa hI bhArata sarakAra dvArA san 2012 meM mahAmahima rASTrapati praNava mukharjI dvArA sammAnita kiyA gyaa| uttarapradeza saMskRta saMsthAna, lakhanaU dvArA bhI Apako svalikhita granthoM para kaI bAra sammAnita kiyA gyaa| jisa taraha se hara bar3e vyakti ke jIvana meM unheM saphala banAne ke pIche kisI na kisI kA hAtha hotA hai, usI taraha se Apako apanI dharmapatnI zrImatI manoramA jaina kA hAtha rahA hai| Aja DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI jaina ke putra DaoN. sandIpa jaina evaM bahU arcanA jaina (amerikA), saMjaya kumAra jaina evaM bahU AratI jaina ema.DI. (amerikA) evaM putra abhiSeka jaina evaM bahU nIlU jaina ema.bI.e. (mumbaI) meM kAryarata haiN| putrI DaoN. manISA jaina ema.DI evaM ajaya jaina ema.sI-eca. bhopAla meM DAkTara ke pada para kAryarata haiN| isa prakAra DaoN. sudarzanalAla jI jaina ne apane parivAra ko bahuta hI sAdhAraNa parivAra se hote hue bhI eka atipratiSThita parivAra ke rUpa meM sIMcA aura bar3A bnaayaa| pro. DaoN. narendra kumAra sAmariyA sevAnivRtta prophesara, mekenikala vibhAga, AI. AI. TI. (bI.eca.yU), vArANasI hamAre Adarza tathA uccatara pratimAna sparzakartA maiM san 1969 meM zrI zAnti niketana jaina saMskRta vidyAlaya kaTanI se vArANasI ke zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya meM ucca zikSA prApta karane hetu AyA thaa| kaTanI vidyAlaya meM gurujana samaya-samaya para una medhAvI chAtroM kI carcA karate rahate the, jo kaTanI vidyAlaya se prArambhika zikSA pUrNakara anyatra ucca zikSA prApta karane cale gaye the athavA ucca zikSA prApta kara kisI sthAna vizeSa meM ucca padAsIna ho gaye the| usa samaya kaTanI vidyAlaya meM svanAmadhanya zraddheya paM. jaganmohanalAla jI yazasvI prAcArya pada para AsIna the| ve jaba vidyAlaya ke medhAvI chAtroM kI carcA karate the to prAya: DaoN. gulAbacandra caudharI (vaizAlI), zrI nIraja jaina (satanA), DaoN. sudarzana lAla jaina (vArANasI) aura DaoN. prema sumana jaina (udayapura) Adi kA nAma gaurava ke sAtha lete the aura batalAte the ki ye sabhI chAtra kaTanI vidyAlaya ke haiM tathA ucca padoM para AsIna haiN| pUjya paNDita jI dvArA jaba ina vidvAnoM ke nAma sunate the to hRdaya meM atyanta harSa kI anubhUti hotI thI aura mana meM ye vicAra Ate the ki hama bhI unhIM vidvAnoM jaisI ucca zikSA prAptakara Age bar3heM, kyoMki ina vidvAnoM ke prati mana meM apAra AdarabhAva to thA hI, sAtha hI ye hamAre Adarza bhI the| syAdvAna mahAvidyAlaya ke samIpa meM hI DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI jaina saparivAra nivAsa kara rahe haiM, aisA jAnakara mujhe atyanta santoSa huA aura eka hI guru zraddheya paM. jaganmohanalAla jI zAstrI ke ziSya hone ke kAraNa AdaraNIya bhAI sAhaba DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI jaina se dhIre-dhIre nikaTatA bar3hatI gaI aura maiM AdaraNIya bhAIsAhaba evaM bhAbhI jI zrImatI manoramA jaina kA snehapAtra kaba bana gayA ? mujhe jJAta na ho skaa| hA~ sukha-duHkha meM hama loga eka-dUsare kA sahayoga avazya karane lge| yadyapi DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI jaina kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga meM prAdhyApaka aura maiM kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya kA adanA sA chAtra, kintu eka hI guru ke ziSya hone ke kAraNa prAdhyApaka aura chAtra kI dUriyA~ prAyaH kama hotI gaI aura ve mujhe choTe bhAI kI taraha sneha dene lage aura maiM unheM bar3A bhAI jaisA sammAna dene lgaa| mere bhAgya ne palaTA khAyA aura zraddheya guruvarya siddhAntAcArya paM. kailAzacandra jI zAstrI, zraddheya pro. udayacandra jI jaina AdaraNIya bhAI sAhaba DaoN. komalacandra jI jaina evaM AdaraNIya bhAIsAhaba DaoN. sudarzanalAla jI jaina Adi ke AzIrvAda evaM maGgalakAmanAe~ phalIbhUta huIM aura merI niyukti kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRtavidyA dharmavijJAna

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siddha-sArasvata saMkAya ke antargata jaina-bauddhadarzana vibhAga meM prAdhyApaka ke pada para ho gii| 'samAnazIlavyasaneSu sakhyam' ke AdhAra para hama donoM meM nikaTatA to bar3hI hI, pArivArika sambandha bhI dRr3ha se dRr3hatara hote gye| dUsarI ora DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI jaina lekca rara se rIDara tathA rIDara se prophesara bana gaye aura ve saMskRta vibhAga ke do bAra adhyakSa bhI bne| itanA hI nahIM variSThatA ke AdhAra para ve kalAsaGkAya ke saGkAya pramukha bhI bane aura saGkAya pramukha hone ke kAraNa aneka vibhAgoM ke adhyakSa bhI bne| isa prakAra unhoMne uttarottara aneka padoM ko suzobhita to kiyA hI, sAtha hI unake nirdezana meM karIba cAra darjana pI-eca.DI. chAtra bhI nikale, jo Aja aneka ucca padoM para AsIna haiM tathA unakA nirantara yazogAna kara rahe haiN| san 2006 meM Apane vizvavidyAlaya kI sevAoM se avakAza prApta kara liyA hai aura aba svAntaH sukhAya apane ghara bhopAla meM lekhanAdi kArya sampanna kara rahe haiN| Apane prArambha se hI aneka maulika granthoM kA lekhana, sampAdana evaM anuvAda Adi karake mA~ sarasvatI ke bhaNDAra kI zrIvRddhi kI hai| phalasvarUpa Apa rASTrapati sammAna se puraskRta haiN| merA saubhAgya yaha hai ki mujhe bhI kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM kramaza: lekcarara se rIDara, rIDara se prophesara aura jaina bauddha darzana vibhAga kA vibhAgAdhyakSa banane kA avasara milA hai tathA alpakAla ke liye saMskRtavidyA dharma vijJAna saGkAya kA saGkAya pramukha banane kA bhI avasara milaa| merI ina saba upalabdhiyoM meM AdaraNIya bhAIsAhaba DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI jaina kI mahatI bhUmikA rahI hai| unakA satata sneha evaM AzIrvAda aba bhI mere sAtha hai| ina sabake liye maiM AdaraNIya bhAIsAhaba kA hRdaya se kRtajJa huuN| eka bAta aura A.bhAI sA. kI dharmapatnI zrImatI manoramA jaina ne mere nirdezana meM rAjamalla kRta paJcAdhyAyI para zodhakArya karake kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya se DAkTareTa kI upAdhi prApta kI hai, isameM unakA puruSArtha phalIbhUta huA hai| maiM to nirdezaka ke rUpa meM eka nimitta mAtra bnaa| isa zodha prabandha para zrImatI manoramA jaina ko aneka rASTrIya stara kI saMsthAoM ne puraskRta bhI kiyA hai, jo nizcaya hI adhyayana ke prati unakI lagana aura ruci kA pariNAma hai| abhinandanIya kA abhinandana eka sukhada anubhUti karAtA hai| ata: DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI jaina ke sammAna meM prakAzita hone vAle abhinandana grantha hetu maiM anta:karaNa se apanI maGgalakAmanAe~ preSita karatA hU~ aura bhAvanA bhAtA hU~ ki AdaraNIya bhAIsAhaba evaM bhAbhI jI saparivAra nirantara ucca se uccatara pratimAnoM kA sparza karate raheM tathA hamAre Adarza ke rUpa meM sadaiva pratiSThita rheN| DaoN. kamaleza kumAra jaina pUrvaprophesara,jainabauddhadarzana vibhAgAdhyakSa, saMskRtavidyA dharmavijJAna saGkAya, bI.eca.yU., vArANasI vidvattA, dharmavatsalatA aura udAratA kA saMgama buMdelakhaMDa kI sasyazyAmalA vasundharA ne aneka raNabAMkuroM ko janma diyA hai, vahIM aneka buMdelI kaviyoM, sAhityakAroM ko bhI Azraya pradAna kiyA hai| isI zrRMkhalA meM sara harisiMga gaura jaise vidhi vettAoM, lekhakoM ko bhI samalaMkRta kiyA hai| pUjya zrI gaNeza prasAda varNI jaise samAja sudhArakoM evaM zikSA jagat ke mahanIya kArya karane vAlI mahAn vibhUtiyoM ko bhI saMrakSaNa pradAna kiyA hai| isI urvarA vasuMdharA meM hI sAgara jile ke maMjulA grAma meM mAtuzrI sva. sarasvatI devI kI kukSI se isa bAlaka kA janma huaa| para kucha samaya bAda hI unheM apanI mAtu zrI kA dulAra pyAra prApta nahIM huA aura ve inheM akelA chor3akara svarga sidhAra gii| pitA jI kI chAyA evaM lADa pyAra meM inakA pAlana poSaNa huaa| bar3hate hue samaya ke sAtha-sAtha Apa bhI bar3he evaM jJAna-prApti hetu Apake pUjya pitA zrI siddhelAla jI ne inheM zrI gaNeza digambara jaina saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya meM par3hane bheja diyaa| pratibhA sampanna, laganazIla parizramI Apane jJAnArAdhanA meM atyanta ruci ke sAtha jJAnopArjana kiyA tathA hamezA ucca sthAna prApta kiyaa| yaha krama nirantara bar3hatA hI calA gyaa| isake pazcAt zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya vArANasI, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI se ema.e. kI upAdhi prApta kii| apane vaiduSya ke kAraNa Apane pI-eca.DI. kI

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siddha-sArasvata upAdhi prApta kI evaM adhyayana ke daurAna aneka sAhityika puraskAroM se apane Apako gauravAnvita kiyaa| 'honahAra viravAna ke hota cIkena pAta' isa ukti ke anusAra Apane apanI vAk kalA lekhana-kalA kA utkRSTa prasAda sabhI ko vitarita kiyA va jIvana meM 'caraiveti caraiveti' isakA nirantara pAlana kiyA aura vidyA ke kSetra meM aneka nae kIrtimAna sthApita kie| udAra vyaktitva - zrI DaoN. sudarzanalAla jI atyanta udAra vyaktitva ke dhanI haiN| ataH Apane apane vaiduSya kA lAbha sahasroM chAtroM meM vitarita kiyaa| Apa svayaM garIbI ke abhizApa se trasta rahe, ataH Apane jIvana meM usakI pIr3A kA anubhava kiyA thaa| ataH Apa meM 'udAracaritAnAM tu vasudhaiva kuTumbakam' kA siddhAnta mukhara thA ,usI ke phalasvarUpa Apane saikar3oM garIba chAtroM ko vibhinna chAtravRttiyA~ pradAna karAI tathA svayaM apane pAsa se unakI Arthika madada kii| unheM pustakeM, vastra Adi bhI pradAna kie| jaina vAGmaya ke adhyetA, tyAgiyoM, vratiyoM ko bhI Apane svayaM par3hAyA tathA unakI AhAracaryA kI bhI vyavasthA kraaii| guNAH guNeSu guNA: bhavanti, te nirguNaM prApya bhavanti dossaaH| AsvAdya toyaH pravahanti nadyAH, samudramAsAdya bhvtypeyaaH|| guNavAnoM ke sAnnidhya meM rahakara nirguNatA palAyana kara jAtI hai| tadanurUpa Apake AcaraNa se sAmAnya vyakti bhI guNI bana jAtA hai| ApakI sahRdayatA, vizAlatA, udAratA evaM karmavatsalatA kA eka udAharaNa dekhie- Apane zrI arhanta giri ke bhaTTAraka svAmI jI ko samucita mArgadarzana diyA evaM unheM jainadharma kI sarvocca upAdhi pradAna kraaii| aneka zodhArthiyoM kI bharapUra sahAyatA kI jo Aja aneka padoM para padAsIna haiN| kuMthugiri kI tIrthayAtrA meM mere sAmane chAtroM ko apanI ora se gyAraha hajAra rupaye dAna die| vidvatzAstrIpariSad se prApta puraskAra usI saMsthA ko vApasa de diyaa| guNAyatana ko bhI 51 hajAra dAna die| isa taraha dAna karate rahate haiN| 40 se adhika chAtroM ko pI-eca.DI. karAI, Apake vaiduSya meM eka nayA AyAma jaba jur3A jaba Apane AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara mahArAja jI se 'mithyAtva akiMcitkara hai' viSaya para gahana vicAra kara sabhI kI zaMkAoM ko samUla rUpeNa dUra kraayaa| Apane mahAmahima rASTrapati zrI praNavamukharjI ke kara-kamaloM se rASTrapati puraskAra prApta kara samUce vidvat samudAya meM apanI yazopatAkA phaharAI aura kIrti kA nayA adhyAya jodd'aa| prasiddha sAhityakAra - aMdhakAra hai vahA~ jahA~ Aditya nahIM hai, murdA hai vaha deza jahA~ sAhitya nahIM hai| Apane apanI prazasta lekhanI dvArA uttarAdhyayana sUtra : eka parizIlana, saMskRta pravezikA, prAkRta dIpikA Adi kaI pustakoM kA lekhana evaM munisuvrata kAvya, tarkasaMgraha, karpUramaMjarI Adi kA anuvAda kara mA~ sarasvatI ke bhaMDAra kI zrIvRddhi kii| aneka patrikAoM kA sampAdana-prakAzana kiyaa| vartamAna meM saMskRta bolanA samajhanA AkAza meM tAre tor3anA jaisA duSkara kArya hai para Apa jaise siddha-sArasvata ne AkAzavANI se saMskRta vArtAyeM bhI prakAzita karAkara vidvattA kI amiTa chApa sabameM chodd'ii| prazasta evaM udAra vyaktitva ke dhanI evaM buMdelI mATI ke isa sapUta ne jaina jagat meM apanI alaga pahacAna bnaaii| apane sampUrNa putroM, putriyoM evaM patnI ko bhI par3hA likhAkara suyogya banAkara ucca padoM para AsIna kraayaa| Apa sabhI ke Adarza haiN| ApakA vyaktitva karmaThatA kA sandeza detA hai| sarve bhavantu sukhinaH sarve santu nirAmayAH, sarve bhadrANi pazyantu, mA kazcit duHkhabhAga bhvet|| tathA pareSAM hitAya satAM vibhUtayaH ke Adarza evaM yathArtha se otaprota sabhI ke Adarza, vidvat varga meM samAdaraNIya sammAnIya zrI DaoN. sudarzanalAla jI ke prati meM prabhu se prArthanA karatA hU~ ki Apa nirogI raheM, sukhI raheM evaM vidvAnoM ke preraNAsrota bane rheN| zatAyu hoM ApakA jIvana maGgalamaya ho| paM. khemacanda jaina prAcArya, zrIRSabhadeva vidvat mahAsaGgha, jabalapura

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siddha-sArasvata aneka prajJAoM ke saMgama rASTrapati sammAna se alaMkRta, vidvadvareNya pro. sudarzanalAla jI jaina vidvajjagat ke eka dedIpyamAna nakSatra haiN| Apa aneka prajJAoM ke saMgama haiN| Apa saMskRta-prAkRta bhASAoM tathA unameM racita sAhitya ke marmajJa vidvAn evaM sudakSa vizvavidyAlayIna prAdhyApaka haiN| Apa eka ma~je hue lekhaka, zodhakartA, zodhanirdezaka evaM prabhAvotpAdaka vaktA haiN| ApakI vidvattA, dharmAnurAgatA evaM zrutajJatA ke phalasvarUpa deza ke sabhI vidvAn, sAhityakAra, nirgrantha AcArya, munirAja evaM AryikA mAtAe~ Apase suparicita haiN| Apane bhArata ke suprasiddha evaM prAcIna vidyApITha 'kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI' meM 38 varSoM taka lekcarara, rIDara evaM prophesara ke rUpa meM saMskRta kA adhyApana kiyA hai| sAtha hI vibhAgAdhyakSa evaM kalA saGkAya pramukha (DIna) ke uttaradAyitvoM kA saphalatApUrvaka nirvAha kiyA hai| Apake vidvattApUrNa kuzalanirdezana meM 44 zodhArthI pI-eca.DI. upAdhi se vibhUSita haiN| pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI meM bhI Apa nidezaka pada para AsIna rahe haiN| ApakA jJAnakSitija bahuta vistRta hai| usakA paricaya ApakI vividha upAdhiyA~ hI de detI haiN| ema. e. (saMskRta), pI-eca.DI., jainanyAyatIrtha, siddhAntazAstrI evaM jainabauddhadarzanazAstrI, upAdhiyoM kI yaha katAra pro. sudarzanalAla jI ke bahumukhI jJAna aura adhyayana kA udghoSa karatI haiN| aneka maulika kRtiyoM ke kartRtva, sampAdana, zatAdhika zodhalekhoM ke Alekhana evaM prabhAvotpAdaka vyAkhyAnoM ke dvArA Apane apane agAdha vaiduSya kA paricaya diyA hai| Apane apane vyAkhyAnoM ke dvArA na kevala bhArata meM, apitu amerikA, siMgApura Adi videzoM meM bhI jaina siddhAntoM kI mahatI prabhAvanA kI hai| Apake isa viziSTa sAhityika avadAna evaM saMskRta-prAkRta bhASAoM ke saMrakSaNa saMvarddhana ke lie kiye gaye mahattvapUrNa kAryoM ke lie Apako bhArata ke mahAmahima rASTrapati zrI praNava mukharjI dvArA rASTrapati-sammAna se sammAnita kiyA gayA hai| ApakI naitRtva-kSamatA bhI zrAghanIya hai| Apane akhila bhAratavarSIya di.jaina vidvatpariSad ke mahAmantrI tathA upAdhyakSa pada ke uttaradAyitvoM ko atidakSatApUrvaka nibhAte hue vidvAnoM kI garimAvRddhi meM mahattvapUrNa yogadAna kiyA hai| jaina siddhAntoM evaM jaina jIvanapaddhati ke vyApaka pracAra-prasAra hetu Apake dvArA aneka rASTrIya aura antArASTrIya vidvatsaGgoSThiyoM kA prabhAvI saMyojana kiyA gayA hai| isa bauddhika vyaktitva kI zreSThatA ke sAtha bhAvAtmaka vyaktitva kI zreSThatA bhI Apake yaza kI vRddhi karatI hai| Apa atyanta nirabhimAnI evaM mRduhRdaya puruSa haiN| Apa sadA dUsaroM kA upakAra karane meM tatpara rahate haiN| Apa sacce arthoM meM abhinandanIya haiN| ApakA abhinandana pratyeka vidvAn kA abhinandana hai| Apake abhinandanArtha vItarAgavANI TrasTa TIkamagar3ha abhinandana grantha prakAzita karane jA rahA hai| ata: vaha bhI abhinandanIya hai| merI anekAneka shubhkaamnaaeN| pro. ratana candra jaina pUrva AcArya- barakataullA vizvavidyAlaya, bhopAla (ma.pra.) AtmIya suhRd Apa bahuta yAda Ate ho mujhe kucha dinoM pahale saMketa milA thA ki DaoN. sudarzana lAla jaina ke sammAna meM eka bhavya samAroha ke bIca abhinandana grantha bheMTa kiyA jAnA hai| merI prasannatA kA ThikAnA nahIM rhaa| kAraNa ? prAtaH smaraNIya pUjya gaNeza prasAda jI varNI dvArA sthApita syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya, bhadainI ghATa, vArANasI meM adhyayana karane vAle chAtroM ke sAtha hama donoM sahapAThI aura sAthI the| ataeva samasta 'bhUta' mAnasa-paTala para chA gyaa| mujhe lagA ki aba pIche mur3akara yAtrA kiye binA kucha bhI saMbhava nahIM hai| yAtrA ke lie sAdhana cAhie aura kucha nahIM to, svastha zarIra to honA hI caahie| kahA bhI gayA hai - 'zarIramAdyaM khalu dhrmsaadhnm'| kyA kaheM ? zarIra to jarjara ho gayA hai| socane meM hI sahI dekhane meM bhI saphara lambA to hai hii| eka ora mahAn vidvAn sahapAThI hI nahIM DaoN. jaina mere liye AtmIya suhRda bhI haiN| jinheM aise zubhAvasara para maiM 76

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siddha-sArasvata apanI maGgalakAmanAe~ preSita karanA cAhatA huuN| vArANasI adhyayanakAla kI yAdoM kA saphara taya karane ke lie bhI prathamataH zarIra tadoparAnta mAnasa bhI svastha ho| yAdeM to eka-do nahIM aneka haiN| phira bhI tAratamya se sajAnA bhI AsAna nahIM hai| daraasala hamArI kakSA ke ye nirvivAda sahiSNu vidyArthI the| pUjya varNI jI mahArAja ne syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya ke pradhAnAcArya AdaraNIya paNDita kailAzacandra zAstrI ko vidyAlaya kA prANa' kahA thaa| unase lekara anya samasta gurujanoM dvArA inakI sarAhanA kI jAtI thii| vArANasI ke zreSThatama vidvAn paMDita hamAre mahAvidyAlaya meM adhyApana karate the| paM. bholAnAtha pANDeya, paMDita divAkara jozI, paMDita amRtalAla jaina zAstrI, paM. bAlacandra jaina zAstrI aadi| eka naiyAyika guru jI paMDita sUryanArAyaNa upAdhyAya hama sabako priya the| unhoMne sneha se sudarzana lAla jI kA apara nAma bhikkhU rakha rakhA thaa| agara kisI dina unheM sudarzanalAla jI nahIM dikhate the, to pUchate - prema Aja bhikkhU nahIM dikhaa...| hama loga bhI inakI sahajatA aura sahiSNutA se hairAna ho jAte the| hama logoM kI kar3avI bAteM bhI inakI muskAna ko prabhAvita nahIM kara pAtIM thiiN| inakA eka vizeSa guNa thA ki ye gurujanoM, vidvAnoM aura zikSakoM ke kucha samaya meM hI sneha bhAjana banane meM saphala rahate the jo Aja bhI vidyamAna hai| sahapAThiyoM meM maiM inakA prazaMsaka thaa| Aja bhI huuN| maiM pahale likha cukA hU~ ki sahapAThI ke sAtha eka lambI avadhi kA samaya bItA hai| ata: aneka prasaMga aise haiM, jo unake viveka evaM sahiSNutA se sambandhita haiN| una sabake vivaraNa khaMgAlane ke lie pacAsa varSa pIche kA saphara taya kiye binA saMbhava nahIM hai| eka ora merI svAsthya sambandhI asamarthatA aura dUsarI ora - na, mA~jhI, na rahavara, na haka meM havAe~ haiM, kaztI bhI jarjara - yai kaisA safara hai ? alaga hI majA hai phakIrI kA apanA, na pAne kI cintA, na khone kA Dara hai|| DaoN. jaina mere sahapAThI mAtra na hokara mere mitra bhI haiN| yAnI "pApAnnivArayati yojayate hitAya..." vAle snmitr| sacce mitra ke sambandha meM suprasiddha dArzanika arastu kA kathana hai, 'sacce mitra hIre kI taraha kImatI aura durlabha hote haiM, jhUThe dosta patajhar3a kI pattiyoM kI taraha hara jagaha mila jAte haiN| Apa jAnate haiM aise sacce mitra jIvana ke hara mor3a para yAda Ate haiN| DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI jaba pI-eca.DI. kara rahe the| taba unheM zrI pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI kI acchI skAlarazipa mila rahI thii| zodha-saMsthAna meM hI Apako eka kvATara elaoNTa thaa| vahA~ Apane sapatnIka rahate hue bar3I niSThA evaM lagana se nirdhArita avadhi meM zodha sampanna kiyA aura upAdhi prApta kii| inakI dharmaparAyaNA viduSI patnI kA inake adhyayana meM nirvAdha yogadAna kA maiM sAkSI huuN| kucha samaya bAda hI ye kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga meM pravaktA bne| isake bAda to inhoMne pIche mur3akara nahIM dekhaa| aneka kIrtimAna sthApita kiye| sammAna evaM puraskAra bhI aneka jaina saMsthAna tathA vizvavidyAlayoM se milate rhe| eka labdhapratiSThita rASTrIya sammAna bhArata gaNarAjya ke rASTrapati ke karakamaloM se inheM prApta ho cukA hai| aba Apa hI batAiye aise sukhyAta mitra ko eka aura abhinandana grantha tathA sammAna diye jAne para kise AhlAda nahIM hogA ? maiM atyadhika prasanna evaM Anandita huuN| ataeva meM DaoN. sAhaba evaM inakI viduSI patnI DaoN. manoramA jaina ke nirogI dIrghAyuSya kI maGgalakAmanAe~ aura sadbhAvanAe~ preSita karatA huuN| sahapAThiyoM tathA mitroM kI anekAneka avismaraNIya yAdeM haiN| unameM kucha dosta bahuta yAda Ate haiM phira to Apa AtmIya suhRda ho| hindI sAhitya ke kavi DaoN. harivaMzarAya baccana kI eka lambI kavitA hai, usakI kucha paktiyA~ uddhRta kara rahA hU~ - maiM yAdoM kA kissA kholU~ to, kucha dosta bahuta yAda Ate haiN| maiM gujare pala ko socU~ to, kucha dosta bahuta yAda Ate haiN| kucha bAteM thI phUloM jaisI, kucha lahaje khuzabU jaise the| maiM zahare camana maiM TahalU~ to, kucha dosta bahuta yAda Ate haiN....|| Apa jaise suhRta (AtmIya) bahuta yAda Ate haiN| koTizaH zubhakAmanAe~, yAdeM sviikaareNge| AbhArI rhuuNgaa| DaoN. premacandra jaina najIbAbAda

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siddha-sArasvata hamAre agrajakalpa AdaraNIya bhAIsAhaba mujhe kaTanI ke zrI zAnti niketana jaina saMskRta vidyAlaya meM suprasiddha vidvAn zraddheya paM. jaganmohana lAla jI siddhAnta zAstrI ke pAsa par3hane kA saubhAgya milaa| zraddheya paM. jI pro. sudarzana lAla jI ke bhI guru raheM haiN| usa samaya kaTanI vidyAlaya ke pUrvachAtra zrI sudarzana lAla jaina jI evaM premasumana jI uccazikSA hetu vArANasI sthita syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya meM adhyayana kara rahe the| ina donoM kI hama chAtroM ke madhya Adarza chAtra ke rUpa meM carcA hotI thii| pUrvamadhyamA ke bAda hama cAra chAtroM ke sAtha syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya vArANasI ucca zikSA hetu Ae to Ate hI kaTanI ke pUrvokta donoM pUrva vidvAn chAtroM se milakara acchA sneha aura mArgadarzana prApta kiyaa| vArANasI jaise bar3e zahara meM rahakara Age bar3hate rahane meM inakA mArgadarzana acchA sambala sAbita huaa| snAtakottara ke bAda zraddheya paM. phUlacandra jI siddhAntazAstrI ke parAmarzAnusAra kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya se hI DaoN. sudarzanalAla jI ke nirdezana meM mUlAcAra jaise zramaNAcAra paraka prAkRta ke prAcIna zAstra para zodhakArya karane lgaa| zodhakArya hetu gaNeza varNI di. jaina zodha saMsthAna nariyA, vArANasI ke saMsthApaka paM. phUlacandra jaina jI ne Arthika sahayoga dene kA AzvAsana diyaa| kintu kucha samaya bAda kucha bAdhAoM ke kAraNa pro. sudarzana lAla jI ke parAmarza evaM sahayoga se usI viSaya para pArzvanAtha vidyApITha ke nidezaka DaoN. mohana lAla jI mehatA ke nirdezana meM zodhakArya hetu paMjIyana karA liyaa| phira bhI mujhe AdaraNIya bhAI sAhaba kA protsAhana milatA rhaa| saMyoga se san 1997 meM merI niyukti sampUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI ke jainadarzana vibhAga meM prAdhyApaka evaM vibhAgAdhyakSa ke rUpa meM ho gii| pro. sudarzana lAla jI merI rIDara aura prophesara kI niyukti meM eksaparTa the aura unhoMne merI niyukti meM sahayoga kiyaa| ApakI viduSI dharmapatnI evaM merI bhAbhI zrImatI DaoN. manoramA jaina eka acchI dhArmika gRhiNI haiN| jaba maiMne dekhA A. bhAbhI jI bI.e. uttIrNa haiM, taba maiMne apane vibhAga se jainadarzana se AcArya kI par3hAI hetu prerita kiyaa| taba unhoMne jainadarzanAcArya kakSA meM svarNapadaka ke sAtha uttIrNatA prApta kii| yaha unake adamya sAhasa aura vidyA ke prati niSThA kA hI pratIka hai| ve yahIM taka nahIM rukIM apitu pI-eca.DI. kI upAdhi bI.eca.yU. se prApta kara lii| AdaraNIya bhAI sAhaba hara dRSTi se bar3e bhAgyazAlI haiM ki unhoMne zaikSaNika evaM sAmAjika sabhI kSetroM meM viziSTa padoM ko prApta kiyaa| zAstroM ke jJAna ke prati lagAva se hI Apa mAtra jainadarzana taka hI sImita nahIM rahe apitu anya bhAratIya darzana ke zAstroM meM evaM prAkRta, pAli, saMskRta Adi prAcIna bhASAoM evaM inake sAhitya meM bhI Apane dakSatA prApta kii| Apane apane pUre parivAra ko suniyojita to kiyA hI hai, sAtha hI Apake aneka chAtra Aja acche padoM para apanI sevAyeM de rahe haiN| Apako rASTrapati puraskAra se sammAnita kiyA jA rahA thA, taba hameM bhI saparivAra rASTrapati bhavana meM usa sammAna meM sAkSI banane kA suavasara prApta huaa| kyoMki mere putra DaoN. anekAnta ko bhI usI samaya bAdarAyaNa puraskAra milA thaa| aise mahanIya variSTha vidvAn ke abhinandana grantha ke avasara para hama apane pUre parivAra kI ora se Apake yazasvI jIvana evaM dIrghAyuSya kI maGgalakAmanA karate haiN| pro. DaoN. phUlacanda jaina premI pUrva jainadarzana vibhAgAdhyakSa, sampUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI pUrva adhyakSa, a.bhA. di. jaina vidvat pariSad

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siddha-sArasvata yazasvI vidvAn evaM zikSAvid 'praznottaramAlA' meM kisI jijJAsu ke dvArA pUche gaye do praznoM - (1) 'mAteva kA' yA 'sukhadA kA'? tathA (2) OM kimedhate dAnavazAt ? ke uttara eka hI zabda meM die gaye- 'suvidhaa'| yaha satya hai ki vidyA manuSya ke lie eka avinAzI nidhi hai| usake sAmane dhana-sampatti kA koI mUlya nahIM hai| mAtA ke samAna sukha dene vAlI tathA dAnoM dete rahane para bhI sadA-sadA bar3hatI rahane vAlI suvidhA' eka durlabha vastu hai| vidyA-vimukha vyakti ko Adara kA pAtra nahIM mAnA jaataa| isalie kahA gayA hai - 'jJAnaM narA bhavyatamA vahanti' arthAt bhavyatama puruSa hI jJAna ko dhAraNa kara pAte haiM, ahita se bacane ke lie vidyA ko saMjIvanI kahA gayA hai| Aja se sau-savA sau varSa pUrva samAja meM vidvAnoM kA abhAva thaa| gA~va yA zahara meM yadi koI bAlaka miDila kakSA kI parIkSA pAsa karake A jAtA to sabhI loga usakI prazaMsA karate, sarva zrI gaNezaprasAda varNI, paNDita gopAladAsa varaiyA, mahAtmA bhagavAnadIna Adi ne jaba dharma-samanvita ucca laukika zikSA kA mahattva batAyA, taba hamAre usa samaya ke pUrvajoM ke mana meM apane bAla-gopAloM ko par3hAne kI lagana lgii| morenA, vArANasI, hastinApura Adi meM sthApita vidyAlayoM se par3hakara aneka vidvAn banane lge| Aja jo ghara-ghara meM dharma-carcA sunAI detI hai, isakA zreya inhIM vidyAlayoM ko jAtA hai| DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina kA vyaktitva svanirmita hai, unakI mA~ to unheM janma dekara dasaveM mAha hI svarga sidhAra gaIM thii| pUjya pitAzrI prAyamarI skUla meM zikSaka the| unakI icchA thI ki bAlaka sudarzanalAla bhI kama se kama itanA to par3ha hI le ki vaha prAyamarI skUla meM zikSaka banakara AjIvikA calA sake, kintu sudarzanalAla ke prArabdha meM to ucca koTi kA prAdhyApaka bananA likhA thA, pUrva janma ke saMskAra aura isa janma ke prabala puruSArtha se Aja jaina-jagata ke variSThatama vidvAnoM meM unakI gaNanA kI jAtI hai| DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina aneka kRtiyoM ke lekhaka aura sampAdaka haiN| 44 zodhArthI unake kuzala nirdezana meM DAkTareTa kI DigriyA~ prApta kara vidvatparamparA kI zrI-vRddhi kara rahe haiN| DaoNkTara sAhaba ne kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM pravaktA, rIDara aura prophesara ke rUpa meM 38 varSoM kI sudIrgha sevAoM ke bAda 30 jUna 2006 ko sammAnapUrvaka avakAza prApta kiyA hai| unake suputra, putravadhu, putrI aura dAmAda bhI ucca zikSA prApta haiN| kucha deza meM aura kucha videza meM sevArata haiN| eka suzikSita, susaMskRta evaM surucisampanna parivAra kA mukhiyA honA unake puSya kA sUcaka hai| aneka padaviyA~, upAdhiyA~ aura puraskAra unake kaNThahAra banakara gale kI zobhA bar3hAte rahe haiN| Aja isa bar3hatI umra meM bhI aneka sAmAjika, dhArmika evaM zaikSika saMsthAoM se sambaddha rahate hue vaha 'yaH kriyAvAn saH paNDitaH' kI ukti ko sArthaka kara rahe haiN| yuganAyaka paramapUjya AcArya pravara zrI vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja dvArA racita yaha dohA unake bAre meM bar3A hI saTIka hai - kalpavRkSa se artha kyA, kAmadhenu bhI vyartha hai| cintAmaNi ko bhUla jA, sanmati mile smrth|| sanmati pradAyikA vidyA-nidhi jise prApta hai, usake lie kalpavRkSa, kAmadhenu aura cintAmaNi kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| rASTrapati-sammAna se alaMkRta vidvadvareNya DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina ke amRta mahotsava varSa meM abhinandana grantha prakAzita kara unake karAmbujoM meM samarpita karane kA saMkalpa sarAhanIya hai| isake liye vItarAga vANI TrasTa tathA grantha ke yazasvI pradhAna sampAdaka pratiSThAcArya paNDita vimala kumAra jaina sorayA kI jitanI prazaMsA kI jAe, kama hai| siddhasArasvata DaoN. sAhaba ke svastha, sukhI evaM sudIrgha jIvana ke lie hamArI zataza: maGgala kaamnaaeN| prAcArya narendra prakAza jaina pUrva adhyakSa a.bhA.di. jaina zAstrI pariSad, phirojAbAda

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siddha-sArasvata vidvadvareNya pro. sudarzana lAla jaina- eka sAkSAtkAra 1. DaoNkTara sAhaba Apake sAhityika, sAmAjika, dhArmika, pArivArika jIvana yAtrA ke samagra vyaktitva ko darzAne vAlA abhinandana grantha prakAzita hone jA rahA hai| Apa kaisA anubhava kara rahe haiM? uttara - maiM bhAI pratiSThAprajJa vimala sorayA jI kA prema mAnatA hU~ jinhoMne mujhe isa bAvata bAra-bAra prerita kiyaa| isake sAtha Apa sabhI mitroM kA prema pAkara harSita huuN| yaha merA nahIM eka vidvAn kA abhinandana hai| maiM to upalakSaNa huuN| 2. buMdelakhaMDa kI dharA jisane deza/samAja ko anekAneka vidvAn, sAhityakAra, ciMtaka aura AtmasAdhanA meM rata aneka sAdhakoM ko janma diyaa| usa mAtRbhUmi ke prati ApakI kyA anubhUtiyA~ haiM ? uttara - buMdelakhaMDa kI dharA bar3I urvarA zakti sampanna hai jisane aneka vidvAnoM, AtmasAdhakoM ko janma diyaa| AcArya vidyAsAgara jI ne saMbhavata: isIlie isa dharA ko apanI sAdhanA sthalI bnaayaa| maiM ise praNAma karatA huuN| 3. jIvanakrama meM Apako aneka pArivArika, sAmAjika, Arthika evaM zaikSaNika kaThinAiyoM kA sAmanA karanA pdd'aa| kucha saMsmaraNa batAyeM jo Apake vyaktitva ko jIvaMta banAte cale gae ? / uttara - ApakA kathana sahI hai| jIvana meM kaThinAiyA~ na Aye to koI kaise ucAIyA~ prApta kara sakatA hai| sonA tapakara hI zuddha hotA hai| mAtRviyoga ke bAda to mAno merA jIvana nirarthaka sA ho gayA thA parantu bhAgya aura puruSArtha ne mujhe Upara utthaayaa| mere jIvana meM anAyAsa kisI na kisI ne sahAyatA kI hai| jaise bar3e suputra ko poliyo hone para, vAyapAsa Aparezana hone para, isI prakAra vibhAgAdhyakSa dvArA 'no DyUja' na dene para kulapati pro. paMjAba siMha jI dvArA 'no DyUja' karanA aadi| vizeSa merI jIvana yAtrA meM dekheN| 4. prophesara sAhaba virale loga hote haiM jo jIvana ke vikAsa-krama ke sarvocca zikhara taka pahu~cate haiN| Apa unameM se eka haiN| isa upalabdhi para Apa kina-kina ko smaraNa kreNge| uttara - mAtA-pitA, guru aura mitr| 'siddha-sArasvata' meM saba nihita hai| siddha- siddha, arhanta, pitA siddhelAla, guru siddhezvara, sArasvata-mA~ sarasvatI, jinavANI aadi| paM. jaganmohana lAla jI, paM. kailAza candra jI, DaoN. kamaleza candra, pro. vIrendra kumAra varmA, paM. dayAcaMdajI, paM. mUlazaMkara zAstrI, pratiSThAcArya paM. vimala kumAra sorayA jI, pro. paMjAbasiMha aadi| 5. bhAratIya saMskRti vizeSakara saMskRta sAhitya aura jaina sAhitya meM ApakA mahanIya yogadAna hai| isa sAhityika yAtrA ke kucha pramukha binduoM ko batAe~ ? uttara - merA sAhityaka avadAna hI isakA uttara hai| vizeSakara tulanAtmaka aura vaijJAnika cintana karanA sarala aura tarka paddhati kI zailI se krnaa| 6. Apa laMbe samaya taka deza ke gauravazAlI kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI meM vibhinna padoM para kAryarata rahe aura apane uttaradAyitvoM kA saphalatApUrvaka nirvahana kiyaa| kucha yAdagAra anubhava ? uttara - virodhiyoM kA dhairyapUrvaka sAmanA krnaa| apane ko sakArAtmaka banAye rkhnaa| Izvara kA dhyAna karanA aura mAnavIya AcaraNa se cyuta na honaa| pramukha ghaTanAyeM aura yogadAna' jIvana yAtrA meM dekheN| 7. isI kar3I meM eka savAla aura uTha rahA hai ? Apane vidvAnoM kI tIna pIr3hiyA~ dekhI haiN| paM. kailAzacaMda jI, paM. phUlacaMda jI Adi vAlI paramparA, phira DaoN. zreyAMsa kumAra, DaoN. jayakumAra Adi vAlI paramparA aura DaoN. paMkaja kumAra, DaoN. sunIla kumAra saJcaya Adi vAlI paramparA Apako kyA parivartana dikhAI de rahA hai ? uttara - maiM apane se pUrvavartI, samavartI aura uttaravartI tInoM paramparAoM ko dekha rahA huuN| pUrvavartI paramparA meM jinavANI kI sevA pramukha thii| samavartI pIr3hI meM jinavANI kI sevA ke sAtha dhanopArjana bhI mukhya ho gyaa| paravartI pIr3hI meM jinavANI para UhApoha cAlU ho gayA jisase anveSaNa kI prakriyA A gii| dhanopArjana aura yazopArjana kI lAlasA bar3ha gaI, phira bhI jinavANI para zraddhA hai| 8. DaoNkTarasAhaba zramaNa aura zrAvaka ke bIca kI kar3I ke rUpa meM vidvAn jAnA jAtA thA para Aja vaha bAta nahIM rahI, kyA kAraNa hai? 80

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siddha-sArasvata uttara - jaisAki maiMne vartamAna pIr3hI kI mAnasikatA para Apake sAtaveM praznottara meM kahA hai, vahI kAraNa mukhya hai| samAja meM vidvAnoM ke prati Adara ghaTa rahA hai muniyoM ke prati zraddhA ke sAtha aMdhazraddhA bhI hai jisase zithilAcAra bhI kahIM kahIM panapane lagA hai| gRhasthAzrama ko ghorAzrama kahA gayA hai| vidvAn hI zramaNa-zrAvaka ke madhya setu kA kArya kara sakatA hai parantu vidvAnoM meM bhI aba zithilAcAra Ane lagA hai| 9. deva zAstra guru para ApakI aTUTa zraddhA hai Aja sAdhu varga meM zithilAcAra kI ghaTanAyeM bar3hatI dikhAI de rahI haiN| ekala vihAra jaisI samasyA dinoMdina bar3ha rahI hai isa sambandha meM Apa kyA kahanA cAheMge? uttara - ekala vihArI para pratibandha ho| bhautika sukha-suvidhA bhogI zramaNoM kA bahiSkAra ho| mUlAcAra kA pAlana ho| striyoM se puruSoM kI aura puruSoM se striyoM kI dUrI ho| yadyapi ye caturthakAla nahIM hai, saMhanana hIna hai phira bhI mUla bhAvanA rahanA caahie| Aja sAdhu nagaroM meM raha rahA hai| prazAsanika aura sAmAjika vAtAvaraNa bhI dUSita ho rahA hai| ataH kevala sAdhu doSI nahIM hai| hama zrAvaka hI unheM suvidhAyeM dekara zithilAcArI banA rahe haiN| 10. deza ke sarvocca nAgarika rASTrapati dvArA puraskAra milanA evaM anya puraskAra Apake jIvana kI anamola nidhi haiN| ina yAdagAra paloM ko Apane apanI smRti meM kaise saMjoyA ? uttara - apratyAzita va ajJAta puraskAra thA mere lie| mujhe patA bhI nahIM thA ki merA nAma tadartha bhejA gayA hai, yaha merI priya chAtrA kI gurudakSiNA thI jisane tadartha merA vAyoDATA bhejA thA, usake prati merA sneha bar3ha gyaa| bahuta prasannatA huii| nAma hai pro. manulatA zarmA / ina puraskAroM se gaurava to hotA hai parantu aba bAta badala gaI hai| 11. Apane aneka pustakoM kA lekhana-sampAdana evaM anuvAda kiyA, kyA Aja bhI kucha karane kA bhAva banatA uttara - bahuta kucha karanA cAhatA hU~, kara bhI rahA hU~ kyoMki vaha merA bhojana hai, parantu svAsthya sAtha nahIM de rahA hai| 12. Apa zikSaNa kArya se sadaiva jur3e rhe| zikSaka kA samAja meM eka viziSTa sthAna hotA hai| vartamAna samAja ke parivartana para Apake kyA vicAra haiM ? uttara - Aja bhI zikSaka kA sammAna hai parantu kucha zikSakoM ne apane naitika mUlya girA diye haiM, unakI bajaha se zikSaka badanAma hote haiN| Aja bhI acche zikSaka haiM jo apane ziSya ko apane se Age dekhanA cAhate haiN| merA sammAna chAtroM ne hI jyAdA kiyA hai| maiM bhI chAtroM ko putravat sneha detA rahA huuN| 13. Apake nirdezana meM aneka zodhakArya (pI-eca.DI.) hue zodhakAryoM kI dizA aura dazA para Apa kyA kahanA cAheMge? uttara - kucha to acche zodha haiM aura kucha striiy| Aja yena kena prakAreNa pI-eca.DI. DigrI prApta karane kI pravRtti bar3ha gaI hai jisameM zikSakoM kI bhI kamajorI hai| 14. vaise to aba isa prasaMga kA mahattva nahIM hai phira bhI bahuta sAre logoM ke mana meM eka savAla uThatA hai ki akhila bhAratavarSIya vidvat pariSad ke vighaTana meM kyA koI aisI sthiti nahIM bana pA rahI thI ki ise bacAyA jA sakatA? uttara - vighaTana Aja bhI bacAyA jA sakatA hai| mantrI kI haisiyata se maiMne pUrA prayatna kiyA parantu 2-3 logoM kI mahattvAkAMkSA ne vighaTana karA diyaa| maiM cAhatA to adhyakSa bana sakatA thA parantu maiMne duHkhIbhAva se apanA nAma adhyakSa pada kI daur3a se vApisa le liyaa| parantu ekatA ke lie satata prayatnazIla rhaa| mere udAsIna hone ke bAda punaH eka aura vighaTana ho gyaa| zrI bhArilla jI kI pariSad ne mujhe na jAne para bhI upAdhyakSa aura kAryAdhyakSa banAe rakhA parantu ekatA na bana pAne kI sunizcitatA dekha tyAgapatra de diyA aura mUla pariSad meM A gayA parantu udAsIna hI rhaa| yadi ahaM chor3a deM to ekatA ho sakatI hai| 15. vartamAna pIr3hI dharma aura dhArmikatA ko eka alaga taraha se le rahI hai taba jaina dharma ke siddhAntoM kI paramparA kaise vikasita hogI? uttara - ApakA kathana sahI hai| hamAre vItarAgI sAdhugaNa hI ise surakSita kara sakate haiM parantu vahA~ bhI matabheda haiN| vighaTana kI ora jainadharma nirantara bar3ha rahA hai| jainatva kA pracAra-prasAra aura pradarzana khUba ho rahA hai parantu vahA~ puNyArjana kI icchA tathA andha zraddhAmAtra hai, viveka nhiiN| Aja jainadharma kA vaijJAnika evaM tulanAtmaka parIkSaNa karanA caahie| maiMne isa yojanA 81

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siddha-sArasvata bAvata apanI jIvana yAtrA ke anta meM likhA hai| 16. jaina dharma ke pracAra-prasAra meM kauna se kadama uThAnA cAhie? uttara - (1) vidvAn aura munivarga meM ekarUpatA ho| (2) jainadharma kA vaijJAnika aura tulanAtmaka prastutikaraNa sarala paddhati se syAdvAda paddhati se durAgraha ke binA ho| (3) eka vidvAnoM kI samiti ho jo jainadharma ke siddhAntoM ke jJAtAoM tathA tat tat viSayaka vaijJAnikoM kI paraspara mantraNA karAkara prakAzana kiyA jaae| anya dharmAvalambi vidvAnoM ko bhI jor3A jaae| (4) vivAdAtmaka viSayoM (strI abhiSeka, pUjApaddhati Adi) kA syAdvAda rIti se samanvaya ho| (5) kathanI aura karanI meM ekarUpatA ho| (6) kriyAkANDoM para gambhIratA se vicAra ho| (7) AdhyAtmika aura sAMsArika viSayoM para saMbhAvya sayuktika samanvaya ho| (8) jinavANI ke jJAtAoM ko gRhastha mAnakara ucita pArizramika mile| (9) jainatva kA cihna (rAtri bhojana tyAga Adi) samAjetara meM dikhalAI deve| (10) paraspara sahayoga bhaavnaa| (11) Adhunika zikSA-paddhati, svAsthya, sevA kendra, sAmAnya logoM taka vyApaka ho mizanariyoM kI taraha (12) Arthika sahayoga ho RNarUpa meM, muphta nhiiN|| 17. eka saphala gRhastha jIvana kA dAyitva Apane bakhUbI se nibhAyA aura isa saphalatA meM ApakI dharmapatnI kA kadama-kadama para sahayoga rhaa| kucha yAdagAra pala ? uttara - merI patnI kA hara kadama para sahayoga rahA hai| unameM dhArmika bhAvanA hai aura sevAbhAva hai| ghara kI annapUrNA haiN| 18. Apake putra DaoN. sandIpa, zrI saMjaya, putravadhu-zrImatI arcanA, DaoN. AratI, putrI DaoN. manISA DaoN. ajaya (dAmAda) aura bAla gopAla eka bharA pUrA parivAra hai sabake bIca aba aura kaunasI kalpanA kA Apa sAkAra karanA cAhate haiM? uttara - jaba bharA pUrA parivAra hai to aba kyA cAhie sivA AtmakalyANa ke| 19. isa jIvana yAtrA meM aneka logoM se Apa prabhAvita hue hoNge| smRti paTala para kise yAda kareMge? uttara- isakA uttara hama prazna kramAMka 4 meM de cuke haiN| unake alAvA merI tInoM bahineM, buA Adi ko bhI jor3anA caahuuNgaa| kucha nAma apanI jIvana yAtrA ke anta meM diye haiN| 20. eka aisA kArya jise Aja bhI Apa karanA cAha rahe haiM? uttara - kArya to bahuta bAkI haiM parantu Ayu ke niSeka kama bace haiN| zarIra bhI sAtha nahIM detA hai phira bhI (1) samAja meM ektaa| (2) pUjA, vidhAna kI sArtha aura zuddha pustaka prkaashn| (3) garIba chAtroM aura vidhavAoM ko Arthika sahayoga (muphta nahIM) kyoMki isase akarmaNyatA AtI hai| (4) jaina vidyAlayoM kA aadhunikiikrnn| (5) jaina siddhAntoM kA pracAra aadi| DaoN. zrImatI jyoti jaina patrakAra, khataulI sArassada-vareNNo pAcattare hu disa divva maNIsi-paNNe sArassade sarada-sArada somya- smme| amhANa desaga-pabohaga-vija-vije paNNA pade sirisudaMsaNa lAla sohe||| hama logoM ke mArga darzaka, prabodhaka, vidyAoM meM pAraGgata, prajJApada para rAjita zrI sudarzana lAla hamAre Adarza haiN| unake 75 veM divya janmadina para aise prajJAmanISI, sArasvata pada vibhUSita zarad Rtu ke sadRza zAradA kI saumya prakRti vAle hokara zobhita haiN| appAvae hu dahamAha-aboha-bAlo lAlicca-suNNA jaNaNIi sulAla laalo| mAuttabhAva pariritti piduM ca aMke kIleja lIlaNa-abhAva gihe hu miTTaM / / 2 yaha alpavaya bAlaka daza mAha kA hI thA ki lAlitya se zUnya, jananI se rahita bhI sabhI kA pyArA thaa| yaha 82

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siddha-sArasvata ke abhAva meM) gRha kI miTTI meM hI khelatA rhaa| ko me hu kattha kala-sikkhaNa ramma patte jANemi No vi paramattha puNIya vijaM / tatto vi so jagha paDhedi tagheva paNNo dhaNNaNNa-dhaNNa-dhaNahINa suvija sikkhe||3 maiM jAnatA hU~ para vAstava meM ye sudarzana paramArtha vidyAoM ke kSetra meM rahe, dhanya-dhAnya ke abhAva meN| ve jahA~ bhI vidyA adhyayana karate vahA~ prAjJa (agraNI) rhte| maiM kauna hU~, maiM kahA~ jAU~gA, kyA paDhU~gA evaM kaise uttama zikSA lU~gA, unheM usakA bodha nahIM thaa| siddhe hu lAla iNamo avi sikkho vi mAdA sarassai-mahI-garimA gihI hu| gAme huM maMjala cavAlisa saNNa kAle saDDA-subhAvaNa-guNI maha khetta khette / / 4 Apa haiM, siddhelAla zikSaka ke putr| sarasvatI mAtA ke lAla jo garimAmayI gRhiNI thIM, grAma maMjulA meM 1.4.1944 meM janma liyA, para Apa pratyeka kSetra meM pratiSThita hue jo inakI zraddhA kA suphala hai| Agge bhavaMta-paDhaNe gaha-ucca-sikkhaM so sakkide ti-Nava-bI ica visse| ukkiTTa-saMkapamuho bahubhAsa-bhAsI so sakkidaM payaDi-pAgida aNglggii||5 Apa par3hane meM agraNI ucca zikSA vAle, 39 varSa taka bI.eca.yU meM saMskRta meM zikSaNa karAte rhe| Apa saGkAyapramukha bahubhASAbhASI prAkRta, saMskRta evaM aMgrejI meM bhI agraNI rahe haiN| raTThija-raTTha-garimA juda-esa paNNo sammANa raTThavai-bhUsida-lehago vi| sampAdago bahuvihe hu samAja maNNo sohe rade hu cdupnyc-sudhii-vrennnno||6 Apa haiM rASTra ke gauravazAlI manISI, rASTrapati sammAna prApta lekhaka, sampAdaka evaM samAja ke nAnA padoM para rahane vAle prjny| Apake nirdezana meM 45 chAtra sudhI pI-eca.DI. prApta karake aneka padoM para suzobhita haiN| akhaMgiNI vi vidusI vi maNoramA vi sandIva saMjaya-suo ahisega-sage hu puttii| pIpulsameDi-ajayo bhisago maNIsA accI aNissa-sudhi-saMjiya skkidiie||7 ApakI ardhAMginI DaoN. manoramA to viduSI haiN| Apake putra DaoN. sandIpa, saMjaya evaM abhiSeka bhI par3he likhe haiN| putrI DaoN. manISA DaoN. ajaya (dAmAda) pIpulsa meDikala kaoNleja bhopAla meM haiN| pautriyA~ arcitA, saMjitA, svasti, saMskRti aura aniSkA haiN| sAhicca-paNNa maimaMta guNI guNaNhu buMdelakhaNDa-taNayo bharahe psiho| sammANa-paNNa udayo paNameja bhUo pAcattare hu sud-saahg-paad-muule| 18 Apa sAhitya prajJa, matimaMta, guNI, guNajJa evaM buMdelakhaMDa ke tanaya/ bhArata meM prasiddha haiN| maiM udaya aise prajJa kA sammAna karatA hU~, unake 75 varSa ke gauravapUrNa zrutasAdhaka ko namana karatA hU~, kyoMki unake pAdamUla meM rahakara maiM bhI prajJa banA huuN| mAyA-udaya-pAcIe piu maNIsa bhAvaNAme cAhaM paveso vi pAcahattare hu dese|| DaoN. udayacaMda jaina saparivAra pUrva prophesara, sughADiyA vizvavidyAlaya, 29 pArzvanAtha kAlonI, udayapura (rAja.) 83

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siddha-sArasvata ziSyAH sadA namantisma tAnhi praNatamAnasA zrIsudarzanalAlAkhya vidvAMsaH ............. / saMskRte prAkRte cApi niSNAtA........... / / 1 / / vizvavidyAlaye caiva kAzIsthe hindusNjnyke| dattavanto nijAM sevA vibhAge saMskRte shubhaam|| 2 / / sanmanuSyasvarUpeNa sadadhyApakarUpiNaH / adhyApane sadA lagnA jainasaMjJA vijtendriyaaH|| 3 / / ziSyAH sadA namantisma tAnhi prnntmaansaa| yazo vistArayantIha sadA prItyAdayaH saamprtm|| 4 / / evaM hi guravaH samyak zikSAM datvA mudA sdaa| raJjayantastathA lokAn modante modayanti ca / / 5 / / lAlA: santi sudarzanAkhyamahitAH zrIjainasaMjJA budhAH, kAzyAmeva nijAM prakarSasahitAM sevAM mudaa'puupurn| adyatve nivasanti bhojanagare madhyapradeze mudhA jIvantvatra sadA kuTumbasahitAH taccetasA kaamye|| 6 / / pro. muralImanoharapAThakaH pUrvasaMskRta-prAkRtavibhAgAdhyakSaH, gorakhapuravizvavidyAlayaH gagana ke prakhara prakAza puJja pala pala jiye jJAna mAna sammAna meM jo kaho aise abhimAna ko mAna + kyA upAdhi pada sammAna carana ke cere dekho aise caraNoM kA guNagAna karU~ maiM kyA alpa jJAna, alpa dhyAna prajJA merI alpajJa vahumAna aise vidvAna kA karU~ maiM kyA prakhara prakAza puJja Apa ho gagana ke aise dinamAna kA bakhAna meM karU~ kyaa|| 1 / / mahAmahima diyA jinheM rASTrapati sammAna bhAla camakAyA dhari rolI candana hai jJAna puJja jJAna kuMja jJAna ke sumerU haiM jo kina zabdoM meM karU~ ApakA vaMdana hai jJAna ke divAkara ratnAkara prAbhAkara haiM ajJa kina AkharoM se karUM meM namana hai naSTa kiyA tama kA ajJAna sudarzana ne kAvya kA ye dIpa dharUM Apake carana hai|| 2 / / karU~ abhinandana siddha sArasvata grantha kA maiM abhinandana karU~ isa zArade ke lAla kA anagar3ha pattharoM ko kiyA zilAlekha jaise 84

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siddha-sArasvata abhinanda karU~ jJAna dAtA isa vizAla kA abhinandana karU~ vANI bhUSaNa zrI sorayA jI kA karAyA sammAna prophesara sudarzana lAla kA saMrasa kI zubhakAmanA hai zataH varSa jiyeM aise hI sammAna hotA rahe sadA bhAla kaa|| 3 / / kavi surendra jaina 'sarasa' 162 jaina nagara, lAlaghATI, bhopAla kartavyaniSTha evaM samanvayavAdI vicAraka pro0 sudarzanalAla jaina jI ne zrIsyAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya meM zikSA prApta karake kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM kalA saGkAya ke saMskRta vibhAga meM prophesara evaM adhyakSatA ke sAtha kalAsaGkAya pramukha kA dAyitva bhI sNbhaalaa| Apa prArambha se hI bar3e medhAvI aura anuzAsana priya rahe haiN| kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya se sevAnivRta hone ke pazcAt pro0 sudarzana lAla jI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya ke prabandhatantra ke adhyakSa bhI rahe taba mujhe prabandhaka ke rUpa meM Apake sAtha kArya karane kA avasara milA Apa pahale bhI vidyAlaya ke upAdhiSThAtA raha cuke haiN| Apa bahuta hI nirbhIka, kartavyaniSTha evaM samanvayavAdI vicAroM ke vidvAn haiN| Apako apanI vidyAsthalI ke vikAsa karane kI bhAvanA sadA rahatI hai| Apako Apake abhinandana grantha ke prakAzana para bahuta-bahuta badhAI evaM bhagavAn se prArthanA karatA hU~ ki Apa svastha raheM, dIrghAyu hoM tathA jaina dharma kA pracAra karate rheN| zrI vimala kumAra jaina prabandhaka, syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya, bhadainI, vArANasI vidvadvareNya pro. sudarzanalAlajI jaina ke prati mere antas bhAva kATa lenA kaThina-maMjila kA, kucha muzkila nhiiN| ika jarA insAna meM, calane kI Adata caahie||| bahu-AyAmI vyaktitva ke dhanI yazasvI vidvAn parama AdaraNIya pro. sudarzanalAlajI jaina ke bAre meM kahAM se prArambha karU~, kaise likhU unakI saralatA, sahajatA aura unakI yogyatA ke viSaya meN| lagabhaga aThAraha mAha pUrva hI mujhe apane parivAra ke sAtha jaina nagara meM basane kA maukA milaa| isI bIca zrI nandIzvaradvIpa jinAlaya meM Apako dekhane, milane aura Apake dvArA paryuSaNa-parva Adi meM mukharita pravacanoM, vAcanAoM evaM mUka-mATI viSaya para Apake dvArA prastuta vyAkhyAna ko vidvavAnoM kI vicAra manthana saGgoSThI meM apanI mIThI AtmIya AvAja meM sunane aura Apake vyaktitva ko samajhane kA saubhAgya prApta hotA rahA hai| bar3e hI harSa kA viSaya hai ki Apake 75 veM janma divasa para pratiSThAcArya atulanIya vANIbhUSaNa paNDita zrI vimala kumAra sauMrayAjI ke sampAdakatva meM 'siddha-sArasvata' abhinandana grantha kA prakAzana ho rahA hai| pro. sudarzanalAla jaina jI ke viziSTha vyaktitva evaM jIvanavRtta ko rekhAGkita karate hue, apanoM ke bIca chipe hue apane hI eka anamola vidvAn hIre kA pUrNa paricaya evaM sammAna karanA hamAre AdaraNIya paNDita zrI sauMrayAjI jaise jauharI kA hI kArya hai| pro. sudarzanalAla jaina ne bacapana se hI paristhitijanya pratikUlatAoM meM palate-bar3hate huye vidyArjana kI zreSThatama sIr3hI taka pahuMca kara deza kI prasiddha saMsthA banArasa hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM apanI vidhA ke zIrSa pada para AsIna hue| Apane apane sRjanazIla vyaktitva se anya vidvAnoM evaM racanA-dharmiyoM ko nizcita hI AkarSita kiyA hai| bhArata ke mahAmahima rASTrapati dvArA ApakI yogyatA evaM kSamatA ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue sammAnita kiyA hai| Apake 39 varSoM ke preraka nirdezana meM, 44 zodha chAtroM ne mArgadarzaka ke rUpa meM ApakA netRtva prApta kara apanI pI-eca.DI. 85

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siddha-sArasvata kI upAdhiyoM ko prApta kara Apako bhI gauravAnvita kiyA hai| yaha bhI Apake pUrva-saJcita puNya kA hI prabhAva hai ki Apake dvArA kaI anya dezoM meM bhI Apane apane vyAkhyAnoM se jainatva kI prabhAvanA kara yaza to arjita kiyA hI, sAtha hI sAtha eka yogya svarNa padaka prApta jIvana saGginI zrImati DaoN. manoramA jaina (jainadazarnAcArya) ke suyogya se janmI sabhI yogya evaM ucca zikSita putra-putriyAM evaM ApakI putra-vadhuyeM bhI apane apane karma kSetroM kI agraNI paMktiyoM meM rahate hue yaza evaM vaibhava ko prApta kara ApakI pratiSThA ko aura bhI Age bar3hA rahe haiN| anta meM maiM yahI kahanA cAhU~gA ki kisI bhI saMsthA vibhAga ke sarvocca adhikArI kA dAyitva eka asAmAnya vyaktitva, kRtitva aura netRtva ko vyAkhyAGkita karatA hai| jahAM ki vyakti pada se adhika apane vicAra aura vyavahAra se mUlyAMkita hotA hai aura apanI vANI aura vyavahAra kI sahajatA saralatA aura vinamratA se auroM ke andara taka calA jAtA hai| apanI isI mAnavIya sahajatA saralatA ApakI Atmazakti ne hI Apako pahale jJAnI phira vidvAn banAkara Apako saMskRta-sAhityAkAza meM nakSatra kI bhAMti camaka dekara zikSA jagata ko Alokita karane kA suavasara diyA / Apake sammAnArtha isa siddha-sArasvata abhinandana grantha ke prakAzana meM bhAvanAtmaka rUpa se jur3ate hue Apake jIvana ke utkRSTa mUlyoM kA abhinandana karatA huuN| isa suavasara para Apake pUre parivAra ko apane parivAra kI ora se badhAI dete hue zata-zata namana preSita kara harSita haiN| abhinandana-grantha meM kAmanA santoSa' karatA yahI saharSa, sAr3he-sAta dazakoM ke sAvana car3ha gae, priya hamAre sudarzanajI, aba rahate zatAyu Apa, jiaiM hajAroM varSa-jiaiM hajAroM vrss| inhIM maGgalakArI bhAvanAoM ke sAtha navAcAra maJjUSA patrikA parivAra kI ora se bhI shubhkaamnaaeN| zrI santoSa kumAra jaina (saparivAra) prakAzaka evaM sampAdaka 'navAcAra maJjUSA' patrikA, bhopAla mIlapiTAsa amerikA meM pravacana-prabhAvanA merI bheMTa zrI sudarzanajI se amerikA meM huI jaba ve yahA~ dasalakSaNa parva para Ae the| unakA yahAM para bahuta hI bar3hiyA kAryakrama rahA aura pUre saGgha ko dharma lAbha milaa| unase usake bAda bhI kaI bAra bheMTa huI jaba-jaba bhI ve apane putra ke yahAM Ate rhe| jaina zAstroM ke acche jJAtA haiM / vaijJAnika cintana hai| unakI eka yAtrA ke samaya hamane unase tattvArtha sUtra kA svAdhyAya bhI kiyA aura dharma lAbha prApta kiyaa| bahuta hI sarala svabhAvI haiN| hamArI ora se unako bahuta bahuta shubhkaamnaaeN| zrI azoka aura rekhA seThI keliphorniyA, amerikA bahuAyAmI vyaktitva ke dhanI pro. sudarzana lAla jI jaina sAhaba bahuAyAmI vyaktitva ke dhanI haiM vaha sabhI ko AkarSita evaM santoSa pradAna karane vAle haiN| prAkRta evaM jaina darzana ke kSetra meM ApakA jo yogadAna hai vaha atulanIya hai| Apa eka siddhahasta lekhaka ke sAtha-sAtha samarpita zikSAvid bhI haiN| ApakI lekhanI se aneka mahattvapUrNa pustakoM kA lekhana, sampAdana aura prakAzana kiyA jA cukA hai| Apake dvArA likhita evaM sampAdita kRtiyoM meM uttarAdhyayana sUtra: eka parizIlana, saMskRta pravezikA, prAkRta-dIpikA, tarkasaMgraha, karpUramaJjarI, dravyasaMgraha, samyagdarzana, jainakumArasambhava, pUjana kA vaijJAnika anuzIlana, dharatI ke devatA Adi pramukha kRtiyA~ hai| prAkRta evaM jainavidyA kI sevA ke lie Apa aneka saMsthAnoM se sammAnita hue haiN| jaina samAja aura prAkRta vidvAnoM ke bIca meM ApakA gauravapUrNa sthAna hai| ApakA aneka rASTrIya puraskAroM se sammAna huA hai| bhArata sarakAra dvArA 86

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siddha-sArasvata Apako rASTrapati sammAna se vibhUSita kiyA gayA hai| isa Ayu meM bhI Apa apanA zaikSaNika avadAna samAja ko pradAna kara rahe haiN| jaina saMskRti ke itihAsa meM ApakI bhUmikA mahattvapUrNa hai| hama AzA karate haiM ki bhaviSya meM bhI ApakA mArgadarzana hameM prApta hotA rhe| Apa apane zodha-chAtroM ke sadaiva hitaiSI aura ucca koTi ke mArgadarzaka rahe haiM, Apane apanI sAhitya sAdhanA se jo kucha bhI prApta kiyA use mukta hasta se apanI ziSya paramparA ko bA~TA hai| ApakI saralatA, AtmIyatA, sneha aura zaikSaNika jAgarUkatA se vidyArthI aura zodhArthI sadaiva hI lAbhAnvita hue haiN| Apa saMskRta-saudAginI, syAdavAd evaM zramaNa patrikA Adi zodha patra-patrikAoM ke sampAdana meM bhI lage rhe| isake atirikta Apane zatAdhika zodha patra evaM samasAmayika cintanaparaka lekha bhI prastuta kiye hai, sAtha hI ApakI AkAzavANI se saMskRta meM vArtAyeM bhI prasArita hotI rahI haiN| Apake 75 veM janmadivasa para hama tIrthakara bhagavAn se yahI maGgala kAmanA karate haiM ki Apa dIrghAyuSya rahakara Arogya ko prApta hoM aura jainadarzana evaM prAkRta ke kSetra meM sadaiva jayavanta bane rheN| prAkRtavidyA evaM jaina darzana ke kSetra meM hameM ApakA mArgadarzana sadaiva prApta hotA rhe| DaoN. vikAsa caudharI evaM zrImatI vandanA caudharI ela - 188, bappA rAvala nagara, hiraNa magarI, udayapura-313002 athAha vaiduSya ke dhanI tathA zikSArthiyoM ke prati udAravRtti vidvadvareNya pro. sudarzana lAla jaina jI saMskRta vAGmaya, darzanazAstra evaM prAkRta Adi bhASAoM ke talasparzI jJAtA haiN| ApakI kRtiyA~ (maulika+sampAdita), zatAdhika zodha patra isa bAta ke paricAyaka haiM ki Apa athAha vaiduSya ke dhanI haiN| mAtra dasa mAsa kI avasthA meM Apako mAtRviyoga kA daMza jhelanA pdd'aa| aneka viparIta paristhitiyoM meM bhI Apa zruta-ArAdhanA se vimukha na hue| Arthika-vipannatA, zArIrika-pIr3AoM ke rahate hue bhI Apane sAhitya-sarjana evaM zodha ke kSetra meM aneka kIrtimAna sthApita kiye haiN| ApakI zodhAtmaka kSamatA kA hI suphala hai ki ApakI kRtiyoM meM dharma evaM vijJAna kA samanvaya sarvatra dRSTigocara hotA hai| Apane aneka vizvavidyAlayoM meM zikSA dene ke sAtha-sAtha kalA saGkAya adhyakSa, (DIna) jaise padoM ko bhI alaMkRta kiyaa| ApakI sAhitya saparyA ko avirala banAye rakhane meM dharmapatnI DaoN. manoramA jI kA samarpaNa adbhuta hai| viduSI hone ke sAtha-sAtha DaoN. manoramA jI Adarza gRhiNI bhI haiN| munipuMgava 108 zrI sudhAsAgara puraskAra kI rAzi zramaNa saMskRti saMsthAna ko turanta bheMTa de denA Apake dAna bahula guNa ko darzAtA hai| zArIrika pIr3A ke bAvajUda ziSya DaoN. jayakumAra jaina mujaphpharanagara ke abhinandana grantha lokArpaNa samAroha meM jAnA Apake ziSya vAtsalya kA paricAyaka hai| samAja, rASTra ke utthAna ke lie vidvattA kA sammAna anivArya hai| rASTrapati puraskAra se puraskRta AdaraNIya pro. sAhaba ke 75 veM janmavarSa para Apake abhinandana grantha 'siddha-sArasvata' ke prakAzana kA samAcAra pAkara mana-mayUra Anandita hai| AzA hai bhaviSya meM Apake anubhavoM evaM zodhavRtti kA lAbha prakAzita abhinandana grantha se navodita vidvAnoM ko avazya milegaa| abhinandana grantha ke pradhAna sampAdaka, prabandha sampAdaka, saMyojaka, sampAdaka maNDala ko isa mahanIya, zramasAdhya, anukaraNIya kArya ke lie badhAI, aabhaar| pro. sudarzana lAla jI zatAyu hoM, hamArA mArgadarzana karate rheN| isI bhAvanA ke saath| paM. saMjIva kumAra jainAcArya, maharaunI, lalitapura, u.pra.

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siddha-sArasvata sabase premabhAva pro. sudarzana lAla jaina jaina-vidyA ke mUrdhanya vidvAnoM kI prathama paMkti meM Ate haiN| pro. jaina jI se merA prathama paricaya maI 1991 meM akhila bhAratIya darzana pariSad ke seminAra meM pArzvanAthavidyApITha meM huaa| pustakAlaya kA upayoga karane ke liye Apa pArzvanAtha vidyApITha Ate rahate the| pro. jainasAhaba se najadIkI sambandha taba huA jaba Apa 11 mArca 2010 ko pArzvanAtha vidyApITha ke nidezaka kA padabhAra grahaNa kiye| inake kAryakAla meM pArzvanAtha vidyApITha kA kAphI vikAsa huaa| mere zodha ke paJjIkaraNa meM ApakA kAphI sahayoga rahA hai| pro. jaina bahuta hI sarala aura udAra pravRtti ke vidvAn haiN| sabako sAtha lekara calanA aura saMsthA ke vikAsa meM ImAnadArI se lage rahanA, ApakI vizeSatA hai| Apane vidyApITha meM aneka kArya kie| zramaNa-patrikA ko bhI nayA rUpa pradAna kiyaa| inakA abhinandana grantha nikAlane kA nizcaya eka thAghanIya prayatna hai| maiM inake dIrghAyu evaM svasthya rahane kI kAmanA karatA huuN| yaha inake amUlya kAryoM ke prati kRtajJatA kI abhivyakti hai| DaoN. oma prakAza siMha granthAlayAdhyakSa, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI samAdaraNIya baiMka khAtAdhAraka maiM DaoN. sudarzana lAla jaina ko vigata do-tIna varSoM se jAnatA huuN| ye hamAre sTeTa baiMka kI eyaraporTa zAkhA ke niyamita grAhaka haiN| inakA vyavahAra bahuta hI sarala evaM sahayogAtmaka rahatA hai| Apa jainadarzana ke evaM saMskRta ke acche jJAtA haiM / rASTrapati dvArA unako sammAna svarUpa puraskAra pradAna kiyA gayA hai| Apa jaise vyakti yadi isa baiMka se jur3ate haiM to baiMka kA ahobhAgya hai| maiM unake ujjvala bhaviSya evaM saMskRta kI nirantara sevA karate rahane hetu Izvara se prArthanA karatA zrI viveka tivArI zAkhA prabandhaka, bhAratIya sTeTa baiMka, eyaraporTa roDa zAkhA, bhopAla sumati sudhA zruta-saMvardhaka jaina jagata ke sarasvatI putra, Aja talaka haiM bahu vidvaan| bhUtakAla bhI huye anekoM, vartamAna ara bhAvi kaal|| maGgala belA eka Aja hai, hRdaya uThI hai harSa lhr| abhinandana grantha hai jinheM samarpita, lAla sudarzana ngr||1|| bundelI bhUjilA hai sAgara, grAma maMjalA bar3akula jain| pitA siddhelAla jI zikSaka jAno, janmadAtrI mA~ sarasvatI jaina / / alpavaya meM mA~ viyoga saha, pitR chAMha meM pale bddh'e| parijana-purajana pyAra prAptakara, zikSA aura saMskAra mile||2|| yuvA huye to jIvana patha meM, manoramA kA saMga milaa| jIvana bagiyA huI hai puSpita, kula dIpaka traya putra bhlaa|| kanyAratna bhI milI manISA, aura pautriyA~ nAtina haiN| 88

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siddha-sArasvata puNyodaya meM saba kucha pAyA, zrutopAsanA-sAdhana hai||3|| zikSA pAI ema.e.saMskRta, zodhakAryakara jaina nyAya tiirth| siddhAnta zAstrI, sAhitya ratna ho, jaina darzana praakRt-prviinn|| adhyayana kInA damoha-kaTanI meM, sAgara nagarI moraajii| vArANasI-syAdvAda vidyAlaya, bI.eca. yU. hai vaaraannsii||4|| sampUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya, pArzvanAtha vidyA hai piitth| zikSApUrNa kara kartavya pAlanA, arthopArjana jatana hai kiin|| zikSaka bana zikSA bhI dInI, vardhamAna kAleja saMskRta bijnaur| kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, varSa ar3asaTha bane zira maur||| / / lekcarara, rIDara, prophesara bana, vibhAgAdhyakSa-anuzAsana se| do hajAra cha tIsa jUna meM sevA mukti zAsana se|| zodha chAtragaNa Apa caubAlisa, pI-eca.DI. upAdhi prApta / deza-dezAntara sevArata haiM, paThana-pATha zikSA sNsthaan||6|| pArzvanAtha vidyApITha nidezaka, vidvat pariSad mantrI aap| upAdhyakSa bhI Apa raheM haiM, mantrI kAzI nariyA jaina smaaj|| gaNeza varNI saMsthAna nidezaka, prabandha tantra adhyakSa the aap| syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya kAzI, anya padoM kI zobhA aap||7|| mahAmahima rASTrapati puraskAra, sumati sudhA zruta samvarddhana haiN| zikSA kSetra ke anya bahuta se, puraskAroM kA arjana hai|| zrutasevA ke vividha rUpa haiM, anudita kRtiyA~ maulika haiN| sampAdita to bahutAMhi kRtiyA~, sadupayoga samaya alaukika hai||8|| antarbhAvanA - hama sabakI hai yahI kAmanA, hoMya zatAyu vidvat shriimaan| devAgamaguru paramopAsaka, lAla sudarzana bane mahAna / / abhinandana kI Ananda belA, samAdhi maraNa ho anta shrmnn| naratana hogA saphala ApakA, bhAvaya yahI 'dIvAna pvn'||9 / / pratiSThAcArya pavana kumAra jaina 'dIvAna' murainA hama sabake cahete paM. jI bar3e hI harSa kI bAta hai ki sevAnivRtti ke bAda hamAre jaina nagara bhopAla meM rahane vAle paM. sudarzana lAla jaina jI ke 75 veM janmadivasa para vItarAga vANI TrasTa unakA abhinandana grantha prakAzita kara rahA hai| paM. jI hama sabhI jaina nagaravAsiyoM ke cahete haiN| ye bar3e vidvAn hone ke sAtha sarala tathA milanasAra haiN| inake bAre meM kucha kahanA sUraja ke sAmane dIpaka dikhAnA hai| mAsTara zrI siddhelAla jaina aura zrImatI sarasvatI devI ke suputra zrI sudarzana lAla jaina jI ne apane guNoM ke dvArA apane mAtA-pitA kA nAma rozana kiyA tathA svayaM bhI apane puruSArtha ke bala se kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI meM prophesara, adhyakSa aura DIna jaise padoM para phuNce| deza-videza meM apanI vidvattA kA vigula bjaayaa| bhArata ke mahAmahima rASTrapati zrI praNavamukharjI ne bhI Apako sammAnita kiyaa| pUrva janma ke puNyodaya se DaoN. manoramA jaina jaisI viduSI ApakI ardhAGginI bnii| jinhoMne Apake jIvana meM saMskAroM ke kAraNa sabhI mAtR-pitR bhakta haiN| paM. jI svayaM jinendra bhakta, deza bhakta, guru bhakta tathA mAtR-pitR bhakta haiN| maiM aura merA parivAra Apake ujjvala bhaviSya kI kAmanA karatA hai| Apa svastha raheM, dIrghAyu hoM tathA dharmakSetra meM nirantara agrasara hoN| zrI multAnacaMda jaina (kAkA jI) jaina nagara, bhopAla 89

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siddha-sArasvata 'pASANa-kaNikA se hIrA bane' pro. zrI sudarzana lAla jaina ke 75veM janmadina ke upalakSya meM eka abhinandana grantha kA prakAzana ho rahA hai yaha vizeSa khuzI kI bAta hai| sAdhana vihIna avasthA meM bhI Apane apane puruSArtha evaM upAdAna ke bala para anukUla nimittoM ko prApta kara apane jIvana ko zikhara para pahu~cAkara zrI devazAstraguru ke parama ArAdhaka banakara kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI ke saMskRta vibhAga ke vibhAgAdhyakSa va DIna ke pada ke sAtha chAtroM kA utkRSTa adhyApana kArya karavAkara apane padoM ko gauravAnvita kiyaa| Apane aneka zodhachAtroM ko pI-eca.DI. prApta karAI evaM zatAdhika zodhalekhoM kA lekhana kArya kiyaa| Apa apanI vidvattA se bhArata ke mahAmahima rASTrapati ke sammAna se alaMkRta hue| ApakA jIvana pUrNa satat saMskArita rahA tathA Apane apane parivAra ke baccoM va beTiyoM ko ahiMsA, anuzAsana, naitika jJAna, ArAdhanA va AdhyAtma kA jJAna karAyA jisase ve bhI sad saMskArita huye| ve ucca padoM ko prAptakara dhArmika sAmAjika evaM Arthika kSetra meM pragati kara raheM haiN| pro. sAhaba dhArmikatA, saralatA, vinamratA, dayAlutA, saujanyatA, kartavyaparAyaNatA, zAlInatA, udAravAditA, maitrIvatsalatA, paropakAratA, vAtsalyatA Adi sadguNoM ke kAraNa mahAmAnava bane haiN| vastutaH Apa pASANa-kaNikA se hIrA bane haiN| anta meM Apa dIrghAyu ke sAtha-sAtha AtmakalyANa kareM, aisI merI vinayAJjali hai| pro. zIlacanda jaina pUrvaprAcArya, varuAsAgara sIdhI-sIdhI bAta karate haiM paM. sudarzana lAla jaina ke prati abhinandana grantha ke mAdhyama se maiM apane udgAra vyakta kara rahA huuN|shrmnn saMskRti, jaina AdhyAtma evaM darzana kI dharmadhvajA prAcIna kAla se hI phaharAtI rahI hai| vartamAna kAla khaNDa meM arthAt AjAdI ke bAda ke samaya meM prAkRta evaM saMskRta ke vidvAn hokara Apa kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke mAdhyama se jaina darzana kI prabhAvanA karate rahe haiM, jo apane Apa meM anUThA kArya rhaa| ApakI zikSaNa zailI sarala evaM jana sAmAnya ko samajha Ane vAlI hai aura Apa sIdhI-sIdhI bAta kahate haiN| vidvAnoM kI aitihAsaki saMsthA a.bhA.diga.jaina vidvAtpariSad ke mAdhyama se evaM anya saMsthAoM ke ucca padoM para rahate hue samAja evaM Agama kI sevA kI hai jo stutya evaM sarAhanIya hai| ApakI prAkRta se hindI meM anuvAda zailI ati uttama hai| 44 zodhaprabandhoM kA nirdezana karanA mahatI upalabdhi hai| Apake 75 veM janmadina para merI zubhakAmanAe~ haiM evaM Apa jinavANI kI sevA karate raheM aisI bhAvanA karatA huuN| vItarAgI vANI TrasTa TIkamagar3ha bhI sAdhuvAda kA pAtra hai, jo Apake sammAnArtha isa abhinandana grantha kA prakAzana kara rahA hai| vidvAnoM kA abhinandana karanA eka acchI ucita preraNAdayaka paramparA hai| Apa svastha aura zatAyu hoN| paM. kezarImala jaina jainanagara, bhopAla

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siddha-sArasvata dhArmika pUjA-vidhAna meM philmI saGgIta meM aruci yaha jAnakara atyanta harSa huA ki vItarAga vANI TrasTa TIkamagar3ha paM. sudarzanalAla jI ke 75 veM janmadivasa pUrNa hone ke upalakSya meM paM. jI ko bheMTa svarUpa abhinandana grantha prakAzita kara unheM sAdara bheMTa karane jA rahA hai| maiM bhI saMkSipta zabdoM ke mAdhyama se unake abhinandana svarUpa apane bhAva prakAzanArtha yahA~ likhakara sampreSita kara rahA huuN| Apa bhArata ke rASTrapati evaM anya anekAneka pratiSThita saMsthAnoM se puraskRta evaM sammAnita vyaktitva haiN| sahaja sarala rASTrIya stara ke vidvAn haiN| ye sammAna-puraskAra vidvAn kI vidvattA ke ucca stara ko svayaM hI paribhASita karate haiN| ata: isa sandarbha meM kucha kahane kA prathak se koI aucitya nahIM hai| merA paricaya tabhI se hai jabase ve jainanagara meM nivAsa hetu pdhaare| ve atyanta mRdubhASI, sahaja, sarala, nirAbhimAnI, utkRSTa pravacana karane vAle, sarala bhASA meM kliSTa se kliSTa viSaya ko samajhAne meM pAraGgata, sahayogI vidvAn haiN| ve Agama ke sandarbha se jo bhI vivecanAyeM karate haiM ve pUrNa tarka-saMgata tathA vaijJAnikatA pUrNa dRSTikoNa liye hRdayagrAhI hotI haiN| unake sabhI putragaNa, putravadhuyeM, putrI dAmAda sabhI ucca zikSita haiM jo sahaja hI hai| jaba pitA tathA mAtA donoM medhAvI uccazikSita hoM to unakI santati to una jaisI hogI hii| Apane apane kAryakAla meM ardhazataka ke lagabhaga zodhArthiyoM ko DaoNkTreTa (pI-eca.DI) kI upAdhi se vibhUSita karavAkara eka kIrtimAna sthApita kiyA hai| paM. madanamohana mAlavIya ke hindU vizvavidyAlaya kAzI meM saMskRta vibhAgAdhyakSa rahanA, vaha bhI itane lambe samaya taka yaha bhI eka anupameya upalabdhi hai| paNDita jI kI eka vizeSatA maiMne dekhI ki Apa dhArmika AyojanoM jaise pUjA vidhAna Adi ke saMgItamaya kAryakramoM meM jo philmI dhunoM para bajane vAle gIta Adi hote haiM unheM sarvathA apriya lagate haiN| unakA Agraha hotA hai ki maulika saMgIta para AdhArita saMgItamaya prastuti honA caahie| unakA dRSTikoNa sarvathA ucita hai kyoMki aise anutkRSTa dhunoM para bajane vAle gIta-bhajana Adi mana ko azAMta evaM dUSita hI karate haiN| samAja ko isa dRSTikoNa para dhyAna denA caahie| maiM yahI bhAvanA karatA hU~ ki ve pUrNa svastha tathA dIrghajIvI rahakara apane jJAna se samAja ko lAbhAnvita karate rheN| zrI santoSa kumAra jaina 23 oma ziva nagara, lAlaghATI, bhopAla jainAgama ke gUr3ha-rahasya pratipAdaka jainadarzana, prAkRta evaM saMskRta vidyA ke mUrdhanya manISI yazasvI vidvAn pro. sudarzanalAla jI jaina apane 75veM janmadina ke suavasara para Atmahita kI tIvra bhAvanA ke dIpa prajvalita kara zAzvata sukha-zAMti ko prApta kreN| aisI bhAvanA ke sAtha hama ApakA abhinaMdana karate haiN| vartamAna zAsana nAyaka aMtima tIrthaMkara zrI mahAvIra kI dezanA ke gUr3ha rahasyoM ko Apane lekhana aura vANI ke mAdhyama se samAja ko ciMtana kI eka dizA pradAna kI hai| nija-hitArtha Apa deva-zAstra-guru kI ArAdhanA karate rheN| isI maGgala bhAvanA ke sAtha hamAre parivAra kI ora se Apako bahuta-bahuta shbhkaamnaaeN| mAnuSa bhava uttama milA, chor3o bhava kA pnth| ura viveka jAgrata karo, mArga calo nirgrnth|| phUla bAga meM ho yA jaGgala meM usakI pahacAna svayaM se hai| use koI jAne yA na jAne usase koI pharka nahIM pdd'taa| AdaraNIya pro. sudarzana lAla jI jaina ko merI aura mere parivAra kI ora se bahuta-bahuta bdhaaii| jinavANI patha para calo, dhAraNa karo shrutesh| jinavANI kA zraddhAna hI, kare siddha sama vesh|| zrImatI rAnI jaina evaM ka. anamola jaina 200 oma ziva nagara, lAlaghATI, bhopAla 91

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siddha-sArasvata sarvaguNarUpI ratnoM kI khAna yaha digambara jaina samAja kA parama saubhAgya kA viSaya hai ki mAnanIya paNDita jI ke 75 veM varSa pUrNa hone ke upalakSya meM abhinananda grantha prakAzita ho rahA hai| yaha harSa kA viSaya hai ki maiM apane yazasvI pro. sudarzana lAla jI jaina ke 75 veM janmadivasa ke zubha avasara para kucha antaraGga bhAva vyakta karanA cAhatI huuN| vaise to paNDita jI se merA paricaya mAtra kucha sAloM se hI huA hai phira bhI unakA vyaktitva unake hAva-bhAva, cehare kA teja, saumya bhAva saralatA anAyAsa hI AkarSita karatA hai| merI dRSTi meM Apa avazya hI sarvaguNa rUpI ratnoM kI khAna haiN| jaba hama Apase mile to Apake viSaya meM jaisA socA thA usase bhI adhika gahana-gambhIra sAgara nikle| Apane uttarAdhyayana sUtra : eka parizIlana, saMskRta pravezikA, prAkRta dIpikA Adi aneka kRtiyoM kA sRjana karake jisa prakAra sAhitya paramparA ko Age bar3hAyA hai vaha sAhitya jagata kI amUlya va sthAyI dharohara hai| ApakI samAjasevA, zaikSaNika sevA, anekAneka upalabdhiyA~, sAhitya sevA, sampUrNa jaina samAja ko gauravAnvita karane ke lie paryApta hI nahIM apitu Apake viziSTha sAhityaka avadAna evaM saMskRta prAkRta bhASA ke saMrakSaNasaMvardhana ke lie kiye gaye mahattvapUrNa kAryoM ke lie Apako bhArata ke mahAmahima rASTrapati zrI praNava mukharjI dvArA rASTrapati sammAna se sammAnita kiyA gayA hai| Apa dhArmika AsthA, susaMskAra, bhAgya va puruSArtha ke bala para sarvocca zikhara para pahu~ce haiN| Apa jaina samAja meM eka stambha kI bhA~ti sabhI ko preraNA ke AdhAra haiN| Apane pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM bhI ucca lakSya ko dRr3ha dhyeya banAkara nizcaya se usa lakSya ko prApta kiyA hai| Apa svastha, niroga va zatAyu hokara nirantara aise hI parivAra, samAja evaM deza kI unnati meM apanA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna dekara yaha bhava aura parabhava saphala bnaayeN| maiM vinaya, zraddhA evaM Adara ke sAtha Apake prati natamastaka hU~ tathA apane paramArAdhya devAdhideva bhagavAna neminAtha jI se yahI prArthanA karatI hU~ ki aisI hI sadA anavarata jinavANI kI sevA karate rheN| aisI AzA hI nahIM pUrNa vizvAsa hai ki sarasvatI mA~ kI kRpA Apa para banI rhe| guru kI kRpA se jIvana meM sAdA jIvana ucca vicAra kI dhArA nirantara bahatI rhe| isI bhAvanA ke sAtha aneka shubhkaamnaaeN| zrImatI kalpanA jaina jainanagara, bhopAla merA sarasvatI putra zrI sudarzana lAla jI jaina jagat ke vaha mUrdhanya vyaktitva hai jinhoMne apane kula, parivAra, grAma, kSetra, deza ko hI nahIM apitu jaina jagata ko, jaina darzana ko mahimA se maMDita kiyaa| jinArAdhanA evaM zrutArAdhanA ko AdhAra banAkara sampUrNa jIvana nirvAha karane vAle zrI sudarzana lAla jI kI kArya zailI unake vyaktitva kI paricAyaka rhii| merA inase paricaya vidvat saGgoSThI ke mAdhyama se huA, maiMne inheM prathama bAra sunA to sunakara mujhe lagA inake aMdara jJAna kA asIma bhaMDAra hai jo inakI vANI se sahajarUpa se niHsRta hotA hai| aneka vidyAoM ke adhipati Apa udAramanA vyaktitva ke dhanI haiN| AcArya bhagavan zrI vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja ke parama prabhAvaka ziSya zaMkA samAdhAna praNetA, zramaNazreSTha muni zrI pramANa sAgara jI ke darzanArtha cAturmAsa ke uttarArddha meM Apa apanI jIvanasaMginI zrImatI manoramA jI ke sAtha ajamera meM pdhaare| taba Apase pa.pU.mahArAja zrI se carcA kii| priyatama ziSyoM meM eka haiN| sukhada bAta yaha hai ki Apane hI guNAyatanapraNetA gurudeva pramANasAgara jI ke manamastiSka meM guNAyatana ke nirmANa kI rUparekhA prakaTa karAI thii| Apane mahArAja zrI ko eka bAra darzana ke daurAna carcA kara unheM guNAyatana ke nirmANa ke lie utprerita kiyA thA aura yahI kAraNa hai ki Aja guNAyatana jaina dharma ke sabhI tIrthoM kA eka adbhuta gaurava banane jA rahA hai| jisakA sambhavataH lokArpaNa 2020 meM ho jaayegaa| 92

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siddha-sArasvata itanA hI nahIM Apane guNAyatana nirmANa meM svArjita puNyazAlI dhanarAzi pradAna kara eka mahattvapUrNa ghaTaka ke rUpa meM guNAyatana se jur3akara apane jIvana ko dhanya to kiyA sAtha hI parivAra ko bhI gauravAnvita kiyA hai| aise bahubhASAvid, sarala evaM sulajhe vyaktitva ke dhanI zrI sudarzanalAla jI ke svarNa jayantI varSa para sAdara nmn| paM. sudarzana jaina piMDaraI, maNDalA RSitulya mahAmAnava akhaNDamaNDalAkAraM vyAptaM yena craacrm| tatpadaM darzitaM yena tasmai zrIgurave namaH / / parama zraddheya guruvara, prAta:smaraNIya, yazasvI, sarasvatI ke varadaputra pro. sudarzana lAla jaina sara eka mahAn vyaktitva vAle, sAmyasvabhAva, jaina darzana ke mUrdhanya vidvAn, RSitulya mahAmAnava haiN| zraddheya guruvara se hamArA sAkSAtkAra jaba meM kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya saMskRta vibhAga meM parAsnAtaka prathamavarSa (1999-2000)kA chAtra thA, taba huaa| usI samaya se inakI bar3I mahanIya kRpA hamAre Upara hai| jaba maiM saMskRtavibhAga meM chAtra ke rUpa meM pahu~cA taba usa samaya vahA~ hamArA koI pUrva paricita vyakti yA adhyApaka nahIM thaa| parama zraddheya guruvara ke RSi svabhAva ke kAraNa maiM inake sAnnidhya meM rahanA pasanda karatA thaa| guruvara usa samaya hamako karpUramaJjarI nAmaka eka prAkRta saTTaka par3hAte the| yaha Aja bhI mujhako smaraNa hai| isa smaraNa kA kAraNa unakA prAkRta bhASA ke sarala evaM sAragarbhita adhyApana ko hai| jo Aja bhI hamAre mAnasa paTala para sajIva rUpa se vidyamAna hai| prAtaH smaraNIya guruvara kA vizeSa sAnnidhya hamako san 2003 meM milaa| jaba yU.jI.sI. neTa parIkSA uttIrNa kara pI-eca.DI. meM praveza lene hetu punaH kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga meM phuNcaa| zodhakArya kisI guru ke nirdezana meM hI hotA hai| eka dina kI bAta hai jaba maiM azAnta mana se saMskRta vibhAga phuNcaa| usa samaya guruvara pro. jaina sara saMskRtavibhAga ke pramukha the aura vibhAga meM hI virAjamAna the| maiM apane guruprema svabhAva se unake pAsa gayA, caraNa sparza kiyA aura azAnta mana unake kakSa se vApasa hone ko pIche mudd'aa| taba taka guruvara sahasA bola par3e 'beTA koI kAma hai kyA ?' maiMne kAtara mana se unakI tarapha dekhA aura azAnta mana kI vyathA unase kaha dii| guruvara haMsa par3e aura vibhAga ke bAbU e.ke.siMha ko AvAja lagA kara kahA ki santoSa ke phArma para merA nAma likha do| usa samaya mujhako apAra harSa kA anubhava huaa| aisA pratIta ho rahA thA ki jaise maraNAsanna ko punaH jIvana mila gayA ho| yaha kahAnI gurujI ke sahRdayI svabhAva evaM anAthoM ke nAtha hone kI hai| pUjya guruvara pro. jaina sara kucha hI mahinoM ke pazcAt bI.eca.yU. kalA saGkAya ke pramukha ho gye| kAryAdhikatA se vyasta rahane lage, kintu usa vyasta samaya meM bhI inakI kRpA hamAre Upara banI rahatI thii| inake kuzala nirdezana meM hamArA zodha-kArya atizIghra pUrNa ho gyaa| pada se sevA nivRtta hone ke pazcAt jaba Apa pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI meM pradhAna ke rUpa meM apanI sevA dene gaye to usa samaya hamako inakI kRpA se hI sabhI darzanoM ko samajhane kI sUkSma dRSTi prApta huii| ApakI kRpA se jainadarzana ke aneka zodha saGgoSThiyoM evaM varkazApa meM pratibhAga karane kA suavasara milaa| pUjya guruvara pro. jaina sara kI mahimA evaM kRpA kA varNana maiM apanI alpabuddhi se nahIM kara sktaa| hamArA anta:karaNa inakI kRpA kA sAkSI evaM sadaiva RNI hai| maiM Aja jo kucha bhI hU~ saba kevala unhIM kI kRpA kA phala hai| maiM hRdaya kI gaharAiyoM se guruvara kA svAgata, koTi-koTi vandana evaM abhinandana karatA huuN| astu, anta meM kevala itanA hI kahU~gA ki - ajJAna-timirAndhasya jnyaanaanyjnshlaakyaa| cakSurunmIlitaM yena tasmai zrIgurave namaH / / DaoN. santoSa kumAra pANDeya pravaktA, saMskRta, bAbA bahuAdAsa pI.jI.kAleja, ambeDakara nagara 93

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siddha-sArasvata manISI vidvAnoM kI zrRMkhalA ke stambha puruSa damoha nagara meM bar3e pale mAsTara siddhelAla ke gRhAGgaNa meM bacapana kI aThakheliyA~ khelane vAle bAlaka sudarzana ko koI nahIM jAnatA thA ki yaha bAlaka eka dina jaina jagata kA siddhahasta manISI vidvAn ke rUpa meM apanI amiTa chApa bikheregaa| garva-daMbha se pare sarasvatI ke varada putra sArasvata manISI kI vidvattA kI surabhi deza kyA videza meM bhI vikhera rahI hai| ApakA jaba bhI damoha Agamana hotA thA taba mere ghara para mere pitA jI (paM. amRtalAla jI pratiSThAcArya ke ghara) ke sAtha ghaMToM dharma carcArata rahate the| unase bAta karane para aise pratIta hotA jaise ve mere parijana (cAcA) haiN| unakI carcA kA mukhya viSaya bahudhA syAdvAd vidyAlaya ke vikAsa kA hotA thaa| ve jaina saMsthAoM kI vyavasthAoM ke parivartana parivardhana kI bhI carcA karate the| zikSA ke kSetra se jur3e, zikSaNa ke prati pUrNa-niSThAvAn rahate huye Apane apanI sevAyeM dI haiM jisake pratiphala svarUpa Apako rASTrapati puraskAra bhI prApta huA hai| samAja ke cAritrika utthAna ke prati ciMtanazIla tathA samAja ko sahI dizA nirdezana karanA ApakI jIvana zailI kA aMga bnaa| ApakI deva, zAstra, guru prAmANika va paThanIya hai| yaha deva zAstra guru ke svarUpa kA zodhapUrNa grantha hai| Apake zodha Alekha ApakI vidvattA kA udghATana karate haiN| samprati eka choTe se gA~va maMjalA (zAhapura) meM janma lekara unnati ke zikhara para pahu~cane kI vidhA ne sudarzana ko prophesara sudarzana lAla ke rUpa meM vikhyAta kara diyaa| pUrA parivAra zikSA ke utkarSa kA Azraya prApta kara deza kyA videza meM bhI ApakI zAlInatA, sahRdayatA, sahajatA kA DaMkA pITa rahI hai| Apa svasthya evaM dIrghAyu hoN| he paravAra jaina samAja ke agrima paMkti ke purodhA hai| vidvattA ke dhanI ApakI sAdagI ke liye nmn| paM. surezacaMda jaina pratiSThAratna- pratiSThAcArya, damoha (ma.pra.) nirabhimAnI gurudeva ko praNAma bhAratIya saMskRti ke saMpoSaka, saMrakSaka, paramparA ke nirvAhaka, niyamita AcAra paddhati evaM saMskArayukta jIvana zailI ko jIvanta karane ke lie saMkalpita bhArata ke gaNamAnya vidvAnoM meM agraNI hone para bhI abhimAna na honA, na vaiduSya kA, na sattA kA, na pada kA, na dhana kaa| prAyaH dekhA jAtA hai ki vidyA ke kSetra meM viziSTa khyAti rakhane vAle manasvI evaM tapasvI vyAvahArika evaM prazAsanika jIvana para utanI pakar3a nahIM rkhte| kintu AdaraNIya pro. sudarzana lAla jaina jI ko dekhakara jJAta huA ki Apake vyaktitva meM na kevala tapasvI vidvAn apitu manasvI prazAsaka bhI utane hI prakhara rUpa meM dikhAI detA hai| AcArya dvArA jaba jJAta huA ki abhinandana grantha prakAzita ho rahA hai aura usa grantha meM mujhe bhI kucha saMsmaraNa likhanA hai, taba usa samaya jo harSAnubhUti huI usako varNita karanA mere lie asambhava hai| maiMne svayaM ko gauravAnvita anubhava kiyA ki maiM bhI apanI sukumAra buddhi se apane bhAvoM ko lipibaddha kara kucha pro. jaina jI ke prati apanI kRtajJatA vyakta kara skuuN| Apa karma evaM bhAgya ubhaya sAmaJjasya kI Dora tathA nArikelaphala sammita vyavahArarUpI sopAna haiN| kuzala tathA uttama zikSaka ke sAtha-sAtha udAratA tathA mahanIyatA Apake jIvana meM prakAra gumphita hai| jisa prakAra rudrAkSa meM 'zivAkSara mantra' gumphita hotA hai| eka smRti hai jo AjIvana mAnasapaTala para chAyI rhegii| Arya mahilA meM mujhe 'saMskRta pravaktA' pada hetu sAkSAtkAra meM Amantrita kiyA gayA, vaise sAkSAtkAra kI prakRti bhayAvaha hotI hai kintu sAkSAtkAra kakSa meM praveza karate hI ciraparicita AkRti ko dekhakara merA sArA bhaya na jAne kahA~ lupta ho gyaa| ApakA saumya mukha dekhakara DhADhasa milA aura ApakA mAtra itanA hI kaha denA ki yaha to 'apanI hI ziSyA' hai, mAnasika rUpa se mujhe bala milA aura usake bAda jo phala milA usake lie sara maiM ApakI sarvadA RNI rhuuNgii| 94

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siddha-sArasvata Apake sammAna meM 'abhinandana grantha' ke prakAzana para maiM apanI hArdika zubhakAmanAe~ preSita karatI huuN| isake sAtha hI bhagavatI annapUrNA evaM bAbA vizvanAtha se Apake dIrghAyu kI kAmanA karatI huuN| ApakI ziSyA zrImatI DaoN. jayA mizrA asisTeNTa prophesara, Arya mahilA pI. jI. kAleja, vArANasI stutya aura cirasmaraNIya vyaktitva sammAnIya vidvadvareNya sAhitya manISI DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI kA abhinandana grantha prakAzita ho rahA hai| yaha atyanta prasannatA kA viSaya hai, apane janma sthAna maMjulA grAma jo ki choTA sA gA~va sAgara jile meM hai| vahA~ kI miTTI meM janme zrI sudarzanalAla jI 10 mAha ke alpavaya meM hI unakI mAtA jI kA sAyA unake sara para se uTha gyaa| parantu aisI paristhiti meM bhI unhoMne alpavaya se hI niHzulka jaina chAtrAvAsoM meM rahakara adhyayana kiyA evaM saMskAra prApta kiye| dhArmika saMskAra prApta kara deva zAstra guru kI bhakti kara Aja vaha bar3e vidvAn ke rUpa meM vikhyAta haiN| unake parivAra meM saba ucca padoM para haiN| sabhI prakAra ke dhArmika saMskAroM se otaprota haiN| ye unakI dena hI hai ki maiM unake 75 veM varSa kI badhAI preSita kara rahA hU~ evaM unakI dIrghAyu kI kAmanA zrI vIraprabhu se karatA huuN| maiM Apake guNoM kA abhinandana karatA hU~ ki vaha guNa mujhe bhI prApta hoN| Apa eka bahuta hI sarala manovRtti ke vidvAn haiM / ApameM jarA bhI abhimAna nahIM hai| ApakA sarala saumya svabhAva stutya hai evaM aitihAsika dRSTi se bhI bhaviSya meM stutya rahegA evaM cirasmaraNIya rhegaa| paM. sanata kumAra jaina khimalAsA, sAgara (ma.pra.) dezabhakta manISI aneka varSoM se maiM pro. sudarzanalAla jaina ko jAnatA huuN| inake parivAra ke sAtha hamAre nikaTa sambandha rahe haiN| inake pitA jI se merI prAyaH pratidina dharma aura samAja viSayaka carcA hotI thii| ve eka kuzala, anuzAsana priya tathA dezabhakta mAsTara the| unake putra meM bhI ve sabhI guNa haiN| sudarzana lAla jaina saMskRta, prAkRta, pAli Adi bhASAoM ke jJAtA haiN| acche vidvAn aura vinamra svabhAvI haiN| dezabhakti ke kAraNa jaba 1962-63 meM deza para AkramaNa huA to Apane pradhAnamantrI ko apanI chAtravRtti pradAna karane hetu patra likhA thaa| dharma meM acchI ruci hai| inakA abhinandana grantha prakAzita ho rahA hai merI hArdika zubhakAmanAe~ haiN| zrI vijaya kumAra malaiyA vijaya Ayala mila, damoha (ma.pra.) jaina jagata ke gaurava prAcIna kAzI nagarI sadaiva se vidvAnoM ko sammAna va gaurava detI rahI hai| yaha pAvana dharA jaina dharma ke cAra tIrthaMkaroM (supArzvanAtha, candraprabhu, zreyAMsanAtha aura pArzvanAtha) kI janma bhUmi hai| yahA~ bhAratIya vAGmaya darzana aura sAhitya ke adhyayana-adhyApana kI prAcIna paramparA aba taka surakSita hai| isI kAzI (vArANasI) nagarI meM kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga ke vibhAgAdhyakSa va DIna jaise mahattvapUrNa padoM para kAryarata tathA akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvat pariSad ke mahAmantrI se suzobhita mAnanIya pro. sudarzana lAla jI kA nAma pUre bhArata varSa ke jaina vidvAnoM meM bahuta hI Adara va sammAna se liyA jAtA hai| vaise pro. sAhaba se merA sIdhA vAstA prArambha meM nahIM thA kintu mere pUjya pitAjI smRtizeSa pro. (DaoN.) premacandra jaina jI (vidhi pro. heDa va DIna lA phaikalTI) se ApakA gaharA AtmIya madhura nAtA thaa| jisase merA Apase paricaya huaa| Apa apane zaikSika kArya se 'loka sevA Ayoga' tathA anya saMsthAoM meM Ate the evaM zuddha AhAra va anukUla

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siddha-sArasvata vAtAvaraNa ke lie adhikAMzataH hamAre nivAsa para hI Tharahate the| tabhI se merA paricaya pro. sAhaba se huaa| ApakA vyaktitva bahuta hI anUThA hai| Apa va ApakI patnI bahuta hI sIdhe sAde pahanAvA ke sAtha rahate haiM tathA unake mukhamaNDala para sadaiva nizchalatA, saumyatA, sarasatA jhalakatI rahatI hai| namratA ke preraka pro. jI sIdhe sAdhe zabdoM meM apanI bAta kaha dete haiN| vidvattA ke prati ahaMkAra kI kSINa rekhA bhI Anana para nahIM dikhAI detI hai| jisakI jhalaka Apa dvArA racita pustikA 'deva zAstra guru' meM dikhAI detI hai| akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvat pariSad jaisI ucca koTi kI saMsthA ke mahAmantrI pada para suzobhita rahate hue Apane bhagavAn AdinAtha kI tapasthalI va jJAnasthalI tIrtha nagarI prayAgarAja (ilAhAbAda) meM eka bhAratavarSIya vidvatsaGgoSThI kA bahuta hI saphala zAnadAra Ayojana kiyA thaa| sarala, sahaja, mRdubhASI, kuzala, sAhitya-sRjaka pro. sudarzanalAla jaina jI kA abhinandana karate hue vIra prabhu se yahI kAmanA karatA hU~ ki aise mahAn vyaktitva ke dhanI pro. jI kA sAnnidhya va saMrakSaNa dIrghakAla taka prApta hotA rahe tathA Apake AzISa tale jJAna kA dIpa hamezA prajvalita hotA rhe| Apake jIvana ke zAnadAra 75 veM varSa para abhinandana mahotsava ke avasara para Apake dIrgha jIvana kI kAmanA karate hue maiM svayaM merA parivAra evaM pUrA jaina samAja gauravAnvita mahasUsa kara rahA hai| zrI anUpa candra jaina, hAIkorTa eDavokeTa mahAmantrI, zrI padama prabhu di. jaina atizaya tIrthakSetra, zrI prabhASagiri (kauzambI) sarasvatI hai basI kaMTha meM hokara ke sarasavatI vidvadvareNya siddhasArasvata, siddh-srsvtii-nndn| prophesara zrI sudarzana lAla kA, hama karate haiM abhinnndn|| 1 / / kAraNa, varSa pacahattaraveM meM, ApazrI kara rahe prvesh| harSita hokara DAyamaNDa jubalI, manA rahA hai pUrA deza / / 2 / / dazama mAha kI alpa Ayu meM, sahA Apane maatR-viyog| bAlyakAla se rahA Apako, ghora garIbI kA sNyog|| 3 / / prAyamarI skUla meM karate, pUjya pitAzrI zikSaNa kaary| cAha rahe the bane bhI beTA, rahe nayana sammukha anivArya / / 4 / / dhArmika AsthAvAna Apa haiM, puruSasiMha puruSArthI nr|| bhAgya banAtA svayaM vyakti hai, athaka-akatha sArthaka shrmkr|| 5 / / pahu~ca gaye isIliye Apa bhI, U~cAiyoM ke ucca zikhara / hindU vizvavidyAlaya kAzI, rahe lekcarara, prophesr||6|| yahI nahIM DIna taka pahu~ce, kiyA ar3atIsa varSa shikssnn| hue riTAyara do hajAra chai, sarasvatI kA kara vNdn|| 7 / / bahubhASAvid Apa haiM zrIman, praakRt-sNskRt-hindii| vANI meM mAdhurya samAyA, jaise gaMgA - kaalindii|| 8 / / sarasvatI hai basI kaMTha meM, hokara ke srsvtii| prApta huA sammAna Apako, dvArA bhArata rASTrapati / / 1 / / vyakti eka hai, kArya bahuta se, kahA~ taka kaheM, ginAyeM hm| avarNanIya, gUMge kA gur3a hai, nahIM pUrNa saMsthA se km|| 10 / / raheM niroga, zatAyu hoveM, baDhe pragati para paga aviraam| thor3A likhA, bahuta mAnanA, hama lete haiM yahIM viraam|| 11 / paM. kavi lAlacaMda jaina, 'rAkeza' jaina bhopAla (ma.pra.) 96

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siddha-sArasvata jJAnAmRta kA jharanA jina abhinaMdana hama kara rahe, kiyA kAzI ne ati harSAya manohAra kI jJAna kI, diyA jahA~ donoM haath-luttaay| prathama namAUM zISa maiM, una mAta-pitA ko jAya, jinane aisA lAla janA, zrI rASTrapati ne kiyA sammAna bulaay|| 1 / / nirdhana kula meM janma liyA, nAma pitu sudarzana diyA rakhAya, sAkSAta sarasvatI mA~ jinakI, pitu siddhelAla khaay| kIcar3a meM uga kamala ne, lAvaNyatA aisI daI dikhAya, jo AyA samparka meM, vo huA prabhAvita jaay|| 2 / / saGkarSa maI jIvana jIyA, masIhA vidhi ne diyA banAya, jyoM aMdhakAra ko cIra divAkara, avanI pai le aNgddaay| chAtravRtti se par3he sadA, mahAvidyAlaya pahu~ce jAya, ucca pratiSThita pada pAkara, jJAna kI jyotI daI jlaay|| 3 / / untAlIsa varSa taka jJAna ur3helA, pada vibhAgAdhyakSa nirmAya, saGkAya pramukha bhI rahe vahA~, nija jJAna kA dIpa jlaay| phira bhI ahaM nahIM jAgA, nija garimA daI dikhAya, chAtra sabhI natamastaka huye, aise guru ko paay|| 4 / / caubAlIsa chAtra DaoNkTreTa karAI, nirdezana diyA dikhAya, aise jJAnapuJja ne sabako, nija pratibhA daI dikhaay| rahe sadA vo ucca padoM para, jyoM dhruvatArA camakAya, aise mUrdhanya manISI ko, rahe zata-zata zISa nmaay|| 5 / / jaina dharma ke ucca padoM ko, kiyA suzobhita jAya, akhila bhAratIya jina samUha ne, lInA zISa bitthaay| U~cA mastaka kara diyA, hama tAteM rahe bar3hakAya, nija kula aura nijadharma ko, dInA vyoma cddh'aay|| 6 / / bhAgyodaya jaba hota hai, vaise saba yoga milAya, aise putra mile unako, diyA pitu kA mAna bddh'aay| jJAna kSitija-ko chU karake, amerikA meM pahu~ce jAya ucca padoM ko kiyA suzobhita, rASTra kA DaMkA diyA bjaay||7|| piccahattaravIM hama varSagAMTha ko, ho pulakita rahe manAya, sauvIM bhI varSagAMTha manAyeM, mana meM moda- mnaay| jJAnAmRta jharatA rahe, jhara-jhara avanI pai Aya 'utsAhI' karatA kAmanA, ajJAna timira vinshaay|| 8 / / zrI narendra 'utsAhI' jainanagara, bhopAla 97

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siddha-sArasvata eka cumbakIya vyaktitva prophesara paM. sudarzana lAla jaina mere liye kucha samaya pahale taka eka ajanavI the| para maiM nahIM jAnatA ki hama logoM kA paricaya kaise ho gyaa| para yaha svayaM siddha hai ki cumbaka lohe ko khIMcatA hai| paM. jI kA vyaktitva eka cumbaka ke samAna hI hai jo hama jaise lohe ko khIMca liyaa| paM. jI vArANasI meM saMskRta ke prophesara rahe haiN| prAkRta bhASA meM bhI inakA pANDitya hai| paM. jI eka vidvAn, mRdubhASI, sarala svabhAvI evaM milanasAra vyaktitva ke dhanI haiN| AcAryazrI 108 vizuddhasAgara jI kA jaba 2014 meM Agamana jaina nagara meM huA thaa| paM. jI bhI usI samaya bhopAla meM Ae the| zrIsiddhacakra vidhAna kA avasara thaa| usa samaya AcArya zrI ke mukha se paM. jI kA nAma sunA thaa| usI samaya paM. sorayA jI ne hI mujhe unakI ora AkarSita kiyA thA aura kahA thA ki patA lagAo ki prophesara sAhaba rahate kahA~ haiN| yaha saMyoga hI thA ki maiMne bhI ruci dikhAI aura paricaya ho gyaa| paricaya ke bAda hI patA calA ki ve mere mAmAjI ke sahapAThI rahe haiN| merA paricaya bar3hatA gayA phira maiMne paM. jI se kahA ki ve subaha yA rAtri meM svAdhyAya zuru karAveM / unhoMne hamArI vinaya ko svIkAra karake subaha svAdhyAya karAnA zuru kiyaa| kAphI samaya taka svAdhyAya anavarata calatA rahA aura kAphI logoM ne isakA lAbha liyaa| payUSaNa parva Aye, rAtri ko evaM subaha pravacana ke liye paM. kI AvazyakatA thii| paMDita jI ko vagaira sUcita kiye evaM binA svIkRti ke nAma hamane likha diyaa| jaba paM. jI mandira Aye to unase pravacana ke liye khaa| itanI saralatA ki paMDita jI kucha kaha na sake aura dasa dina mokSazAstra evaM daza dharmoM ke pravacana kA lAbha jaina nagara samAja ko milaa| eka aura ghaTanA yAda A rahI hai AcArya zrI 108 vidyAsAgara jI kA cAturmAsa habIbagaMja bhopAla meM cala rahA thaa| paM. jI ne eka dina mujhase kahA ki calo AcArya jI ke darzana kara AyeM, maiM unake sAtha gyaa| usa bhArI bhIr3a ke bIca AcArya zrI AhAra ke uparAnta apane kakSa meM jA rahe the| maiM aura paMDita jI bhI bhIr3a meM unake darzana karane ke liye ghuTanoM ke bala jamIna meM baiThakara AcArya zrI kA abhivAdana kara rahe the| jaise hI AcArya zrI najadIka Aye hama logoM ne namostu khaa| AcAryazrI ne paMDita jI ko dekhA, kSaNa bhara ruke aura kakSa meM Ane kA saMketa kiyaa| para AcAryazrI ke kakSa meM jAnA sarala bAta nahIM thI phira bhI bAta bana gaI aura AcAryazrI ke kakSa meM pahu~ca gye| kAphI samaya taka AcAryazrI aura paNDita jI kI carcA hotI rhii| AcArya zrI kanakhiyoM se kabhI-kabhI mujhe bhI dekha lete the| paMDita jI ne bhAMpa liyA aura aura AcArya zrI se merA paricaya bhI karAyA, jisa kA phala mujhe AzIrvAda ke rUpa meM milaa| ve kSaNa jo paMDita jI kI vajaha se mujhe prApta huye the maiM kabhI nahIM bhUla sktaa| usI samaya maiMne jAnA ki paMDita jI kA vyaktitva kitanA mahAn hai| maiM paMDita jI kI dIrghAyu kI kAmanA karatA hU~ aura icchA karatA hU~ ki paMDita jI kI vidvattA kA lAbha jaina nagara kI samAja ko tathA anya sabhI ko kAphI samaya taka milatA rhe| zrI padama canda jaina sevAvRitta iMjIniyara, jaina nagara, bhopAla niSpahI dRr3ha siddhAntavAdI AdaraNIya pro. sudarzana lAla jI jaina, jainadarzana, prAkRta, saMskRta ke talasparzI vidvAn haiN| unhoMne lagabhaga 40 varSoM taka kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga ko suzobhita kiyaa| ve vibhAgAdhyakSa evaM DIna ke pada para bhI rhe| vizvavidyAlaya meM viparIta paristhitiyoM ke hote hue bhI unhoMne apane pada kI garimA kA pUrNarUpa se nirvAha kiyaa| kisI bhI prakAra ke bhaya, lAlaca, lobha se ve apane siddhAntoM se nahIM ddige| janma se garIbI kA saMsarga rahane para bhI lAbhaprada pada unheM vicalita nahIM kara paayaa| aneka chAtroM ne Apake mArgadarzana meM zodhakArya karake pI-eca.DI. kI upAdhiyA~ prApta kI haiN|

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siddha-sArasvata rASTrapati sammAna evaM anya sammAnoM se puraskRta hone para bhI unameM lezamAtra bhI abhimAna nahIM hai| ApakI saralatA, sAdagI, nispRhatA prazaMsanIya tathA anukaraNIya hai| Apane adhyApana kArya meM rata rahate hue bhI apanA samaya vidvat pariSad. jaina samAja vArANasI Adi ke liye saharSa, ImAnadArI pUrvaka diyaa| jaise Apako apane mAtA-pitA se naitika, dhArmika susaMskAra mile the, vahI Apane apanI santAnoM ko diye haiN| 75 varSa kI umra hone para bhI dhArmika evaM sAmAjika kAryoM meM ApakI saha-bhAgitA prazaMsanIya hai| vartamAna meM bhopAla meM nivAsarata hote hue vahA~ kI samAja meM ApakA zaikSaNika pravacana Adi yogadAna mahattvapUrNa hai| vIra prabhu se maGgalakAmanA hai ki Apa zatavarSa pUrNa kareM aura ApakI dhArmika kSetra meM sakriyatA mIla kA patthara bne| isI maGgala bhAvanA ke sAtha iMjI. zrI dineza jaina arihanta pharnIcarsa, AjAda mArkeTa, risAlI, bhilAI abhinandanIya vyaktitva netroM meM saralatA evaM painI-dRSTi saumya-mukhAkRti aura gauravazAlI vyaktitva pro. sudarzanalAla jI jaina kA hai| maiMne zrI sudarzana lAla jI ke lie zraddhA ke jisa bIja ko kabhI mAnasa-paTala para anAyAsa boyA thA vaha unake prabhAvaka, nizcchala aura AtmIyatA bhare sarala vyaktitva ke kAraNa aMkurita evaM praphullita hotA gayA aura usakA phala madhura to hai hI, Anandaprada bhI hai| zrI sudarzanalAla jI se jyAdA pahale se maiM paricita nahIM thaa| 4-5 varSa pUrva jaba Apa bhopAla meM nandIzvara dvIpa jinAlaya meM darzana/pUjana hetu apanI dharmapatnI zrImati DaoN. manoramA jaina ke sAtha nitya Ate the jisa kAraNa mulAkAta nikaTatA meM parivartita hotI gyii| unake jIvana se prabhAvita na ho aisA nahIM ho sktaa| Apa zodharasa pAyI bhramara haiN| Apako naI zodha upalabdhi se apAra santoSa milatA hai| Apa apane lakSya meM itane tallIna ho jAte haiM ki khAne-pIne kI bhI sudha nahIM rahatI hai| "svanagare pUjyate rAjA, vidvAn sarvatra pUjyate" kI ukti maiMne sunI thI jo apane jIvana meM anekoM zreSTha vidvAnoM ke caritroM ko par3hane se anubhUti bhI huii| vartamAna meM digambara jaina samAja ke saubhAgya se rASTrastara ke sAhityakAra, vidvAna evaM bhArata kI sarvazreSTha yUnIvarsiTI hindU vizvavidyAlaya se sevAnivRtta DIna prophesara zrI DaoN. sudarzanalAla jI jaina ke dvArA par3hAe gaai ucca zikSA prApta hajAroM ziSya deza videzoM meM gauravapUrNa padoM para kAryarata haiN| zikSA jagat meM prophesara sA. ko rASTrastara para bhArata ke mahAmahima rASTrapati dvArA sammAnita kiyA gayA hai| jo ApakI vilakSaNa vidvattA apAra-karmaSThatA aura khyAti prApta zikSaNa-paddhati kI prAmANikatA kA pratIka hai| Apake sammAna meM prakAzita ho rahA abhinandana grantha ApakI vilakSaNa pratibhA, unnata vyaktitva asIma karmaThatA aura apratima vidvattA kA eka aitihAsika dastAveja hogaa| bhAratIya digambara jaina samAja yugoM-yugoM taka Apake sammAna meM prakAzita ho rahe abhinandana grantha se bhAvI pIr3hiyA~ preraNA prApta karatI rheNgii| Apa yazasvI sukhI-dIrgha jIvana ke sAtha Apake gauravamaya jIvana meM dharmAcaraNa meM pravRtti sAkAra hotI rhe| isI maGgala kAmanA ke sAtha maiM hRdaya se ApakA abhinandana karatA huuN| DaoN. sarvajJadeva jaina cikitsaka tathA sampAdaka, vItarAga vANI, 252 jaina nagara lAla ghATI, bhopAla 99

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siddha-sArasvata vaMdanIya paM. jI paM. surdazana lAla jI Adarza caritra ke dhanI haiN| apane AdarzoM evaM zogha ke lie jaina samAja meM hI nahIM apitu sampUrNa sAhitya ke kSetra meM Apane amiTa sthAna prApta kiyA hai| Apane jaina samAja kA nAma rozana kiyA hai| sAtha hI apane parivAra (putra, putrI, patnI) ko zikSA ke kSetra meM zikhara para pahuMcAyA hai| Apane janma se hI kaThina samaya vyatIta karake apane lakSya ko nahIM chor3A, Aja isa bhAvanA ko dekhakara evaM inake kArya, dRr3ha icchA zakti, ApakI kisI yuvA se kama nahIM hai| ApakA jJAna hama sabhI sAdharmiyoM ko milatA rahe, Apa dIrghAyu hoM, hamAre bIca meM rahakara hameM preraNA dAyaka mArga ko prazasta karate rheN| bhagavAna se yahI kAmanA karatA huuN| zrI nIla caudharI eDavokeTa, jaina nagara, bhopAla sarasvatI evaM saralatA kA virala saMgama paM. surdazana lAla jI kA vyaktitva kucha aisA hai jo bhI inake samparka meM AtA hai vo inakA hokara raha jAtA hai| 5/6 sAla se ApakA sAnnidhya mujhe prApta hai| Apa sAdhAraNa veSabhUSA, muskarAtA ceharA, krodha ke kSaNoM meM apUrva dhairya tathA sneha barabasa hI apanI ora khIMca letA hai| ApameM eka AkarSaNa hai jo dUsaroM se alaga rakhatA hai| Apane dhArmika, sAmAjika zaikSaNika kSetra meM svataH ucca zikhara ko prApta kiyA hai sAtha hI saikar3oM kyA hajAroM vidyArthiyoM sAmAjika kAryakartAoM dharmAvilambiyoM ko mArgadarzana diyA hai| jisase unake andara kA jJAna ne sa kii| Apa sarasvatI putra haiM, Apake bAre meM kyA likhU jo bhI likhUgA vaha kama hai| Apa svastha raheM, dharma mArga meM jIvana yApana kara apane jJAna kA dAna karate rheN| yahI kAmanA hai| zrI rAjIva jaina maMtrI, digambara jaina cauka kameTI, bhopaal| Adarza puruSa paM. surdazana lAla jI jaina eka gaurava puMja vyaktitva hai| dharma prabhAvanA, samAja sevA, saMskRti ke kSetra meM ApakA avismaNIya yogadAna rahA hai| Apane cAlIsa se adhika zodha karAkara vidyA ke kSetra meM naye kIrtimAna sthApita kiye haiN| sAtha hI digambara jaina samAja kA bhI nAma rozana kiyA hai| ApakA yaza hamezA samalaGkita rhegaa| ApakI sevAeM cirasmaraNIya rheNgii| Apake yazasvI sukhI unnatazIla dIrgha jIvana ke prati merI sadbhAvanAyeM haiN| iM zrI viveka caudharI TrasTI, nadIzvara dvIpa jinAlaya tathA adhyakSa, pArzvadhAma di. jaina mandira bhAnapura, bhopAla jaina darzana ke adhikArI vidvAn DaoN. sudarzana jaina yaha jAnakara atyadhika prasannatA ho rahI hai ki siddha-sArasvata vyaktitva kA abhinandana grantha prakAzita ho rahA hai| buMdelakhaNDa kI mATI meM janme isa sapUta ne nAnA prakAra ke kaSTa sahate huye viSama paristhitiyoM se jUjhate huye, jisake bhaviSya kA koI atA-patA nahIM, jIvana ke 75 varSa pUre kara liye haiN| Aja jinakA deza-videza meM jaina dArzanikoM meM nAma ginA jAtA hai, AdhikArika vidvAn DaoN. sudarzana jI se merA paricaya bahuta vilamba se 2015 meM huaa| 100

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siddha-sArasvata pUta ke pAMva pAlane meM dikhate haiM, isa kahAvata ko caritArtha karane vAle sudarzana jI ne apane paitrika saMskAroM ke bala para puruSArtha aura bhAgya ke sahAre zikSA aura dharma kI prathama sIr3hI se aMtima sIr3hI taka saphara karate huye apanI sahajatA, saralatA, saumyatA, ImAnadArI ke sAtha-sAtha jaisA nAma vaisA mana, kisI ke prati IrSyA na rakhanA sabako eka samAna vAtsalya aura Adara denA sIkhA hai| devazAstra guru ke parama ArAdhaka, prAkRta-saMskRta bhASA ke udbhaTa vidvAn hokara 40 varSoM taka nirantara jinavANI kI sevA karate huye ardhazataka chAtroM ko pI-eca.DI. kI upAdhi ke yogya banAkara rASTrapati puraskAra prApta kiyaa| siddha sArasvata avadAna viziSTa vyakti ke prati hArdika zubhakAmanAeM-maGgala kaamnaayeN| ina zabdoM ke sAtha prastuta hai - yahI prArthanA vIra se zAMti rahe cahu~ or| hilamila kara Age bar3he-bar3he dharma kI or|| paM. sureza jaina mAraurA adhyakSa prabhAvanA jana kalyANa pariSada yazasvI vyaktitva bhAratIya digambara jaina samAja ke gauravapuJja yazasvI vidvAna zrImAna pro. DaoN. sudarzanalAla jI jaina vArANasI hAla bhopAla meM maiM gata aneka varSoM se paricita huuN| vaha jaina darzana ke uccakoTi ke vidvAn hone ke sAtha hI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM sarvocca pada se sevAnivRtta hokara bhopAla meM svAtma kalyANa ke patha para agrasara haiN| deza meM hajAroM uccakoTi kI zikSA prApta ziSya Aja bhI ApakI vidvattA zikSaNa zailI kI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA karate haiN| DaoN. jaina ne vidvattA pUrNa aneka kRtiyoM kA Alekhana-sampAdana kiyA hai jo sAhitya jagata meM sadaiva gauravAnvita rheNgii| sarala svabhAvI-vinamra evaM vidvat janoM ke jo bhI guNa haiM ve saba ApameM caritArtha haiN| aise bhAratIya jaina samAja ke gauravazAlI vidvAn kA maiM hRdaya se abhinandana karatA huA bhagavAna jinendraprabhu se prArthanA karatA hU~ ki vaha zatAyu hokara samAja, saMskRti aura sAhitya kI sadaiva samunnati karate rheN| paM. varddhamAna kumAra jaina sorayA prAcArya, ema.esa.sI., ema.eDa., TIkamagar3ha (ma. pra.) gaurava garimA ke pratIka mujhe yaha jAnakara parama prasannatA huI ki deza ke yazasvI sAhityakAra vidvAn pro. DaoN. sudarzanalAla jI jaina hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI se sevAnivRtta hokara bhopAla rAjadhAnI meM nivAsa karane lage hai| a. bhA. di. jaina prabuddha samAja ne rASTrIya stara para ApakA abhinandana karane ke saGkalpa ko sAkAratA pradAna karane hetu eka bhavya gauravamayI abhinandana grantha prakAzita kara Apako hIraka jayaMtI ke pAvana prasaMga para samarpita karane jA rahA hai| yadyapi ApakA rASTra stara para mahAmahima rASTrapati dvArA gauravapUrNa sammAna kiyA jA cukA hai, parantu di. jaina samAja Apake unnata vyaktitva aura apAra kRtitva ke prati kRtajJatA vyakta karane ke lie abhinandana grantha se sammAnita karane jA rahA hai| yaha hama sabakA parama saubhAgya kA viSaya hai| Aja bhArata meM Apake par3hAe anekoM sAhityakAra vidvAna, lekhaka, evaM ucca padoM para AsIna vyakti Apake isa gaurava sammAna se pramudita haiN| maiM bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI se prArthanA karatA hU~ ki Apa dIrgha Ayu prApta kara yazasvI sukhI dharmamaya jIvana ke sAtha samAja-saMskRti, dharma aura sAhitya kI sevA meM nirantara lage rheN| yaha bhI eka sukhada saMyoga hai ki ApakI dharmapatnI bhI ucca zikSA ke sAtha DaoNkTareTa haiM aura Apake sAhitya sambardhana meM sadaiva sahayogI rahatI haiN| DaoN. arihaMta zaraNa jaina ema.bI.bI.esa., ema.DI. meDIsina, bilAsapura 101

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siddha-sArasvata saMskAravAn patnI ke sahabhAgI paM. sudarzanalAla jI kA abhinandana kiyA jA rahA hai yaha jAnakara bahuta prasantA hotI hai| sAtha hI DaoN. manoramA jaina jo paM.jI kI dharma patnI haiM, unakA bhI sammAna honA caahie| ve eka kuzala gRhiNI, saMskAravAn dhArmika mahilA haiN| apane parivAra ko banAnA evaM sabhI ko protsAhana denA ApakA svabhAva hai| Apane sAhasika bAdhA-nivAraNa kA kArya kiyA hai| paM. jI evaM Apa saparivAra dIrghAyu evaM svastha hoM, yahI bhagavAna se kAmanA hai| zrImatI milI jaina bhopAla mere dAdAguru -DaoN. sudarzanalAla jI abhI adhika samaya nahIM bItA mujhe risarca ke kArya se jayapura jAnA pdd'aa| vahAM ToDaramala smAraka meM DA. bI.ela.seThI va akhila baMsala jI se milanA huaa|akhil jI kI alamArI meM eka pustaka thI jisakA nAma thA 'deva, zAstra aura guru' pustaka ke lekhaka the DA. sudarzana lAla jain| deva-zAstra -guru ke vAstavika svarUpa kA digdarzana karAne vAlI yaha adbhuta kRti hai| abhI 24 se 26 akTUbara 2018 taka a.bhA.jaina patra sampAdaka saGgha ke tattavAvadhAna meM govA meM traya divasIya saGgoSThI kA Ayojana muni zrI pramukhasAgara jI sasaGgha ke sAnnidhya meM kiyA gayA,merA bhI isa saGgoSThI meM jAnA huaa| udghATana satra meM mere samIpa hI dhavala vastroM meM jo mahAnubhAva sapatnIka virAjamAna the vaha sudarzanalAla jI hI the| unase itanI jaldI milanA ho jAegA isakI ummIda hI nahIM thii| hamArA unakA yaha sAtha eka saptAha se adhika rhaa| mujhe pahalI bAra itane baDe vidvAna ko nikaTa se jAnane kA avasara milaa| bAtoM hI bAtoM meM yaha bhI patA calA ki vaha mere guru jyoti bAbU jI ke bhI guru haiM isa nAte ve mere gurUNAm guru hue| unakA abhinandana grantha zIghra prakAzita hone jA rahA hai, merA bhI kucha likhane kA bhAva banA jo merI vinamra bhAvAJjalI ke rUpa meM prastuta hai| sahaja, sarala va virATa vyaktitva ke dhanI DaoN.sudarzanalAla jI kA janma ma.pra. meM sAgara jile ke maJjalA grAma meM nanihAla meM huA thaa| ApakI sahadharmiNI DaoN. manoramA jaina kuzala grahiNI ke sAtha jainAgama kI niSNAta vidvAn haiN| Apane paMcAdhyAyI para risarca kArya kiyaa| Apake zodhagrantha para vidvatpariSad ne Apako puraskAra pradAna kara sammAnita kiyaa| Apane a.bhA.di.jaina vidvatpariSad meM kAryAdhyakSa,upAdhyakSa va maMtrI pada para rahakara jinAgama kI sevA kii| Apane kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI meM saMskRta vibhAgAdhyakSa va prophesara ke pada ko suzobhita kiyaa| 44 se adhika chAtroM ne Apake adhInastha zodhakArya kara guru kA mAna bddhaayaa| san 2012 meM Apako rASTrapati puraskAra se sammAnita kiyA gyaa| Apake svaracita granthoM para Apako cAra bAra rASTrIya puraskAroM se sammAnita kiyA jA cukA hai jo hama sabhI ko gaurava kA viSaya hai|aapkii aneka maulika kRtiyA~ samAja meM samAdara pA cukI haiN| ApakI sampAdita kRtiyA~ bhI aneka haiN| ApakI lekhanI se prasUta zatAdhika Alekha goSThiyoM ke viSaya to bane hI vibhinna patra - patrikAoM meM prakAzita hokara jana sAmAnya ke lie bhI upayogI rhe| ApakA yaha abhinandana grantha samAja ke lie patha preraka banegA, aisA vizvAsa hai| maiM Apake dIrghAyu kI kAmanA karatI huuN| Apa nirAmaya rahakara samAja ko mArgadarzana dete raheM, yahI bhAvanA hai| zrImatI mInA jaina sampAdikA,ahiMsA saMvAda, risarca skAlara,udayapura 102

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siddha-sArasvata avismaraNIya saMsmaraNa pro. sudarzana lAla jI jaina se hamArA prathama paricaya banArasa meM huA, usa samaya maiM vahAM ke eka nijI cikitsAlaya meM nyUkliyara meDisina vibhAga pramukha ke taura para sevAeM de rahA thaa| pro. jaina svabhAva se eka anuzAsana priya, svAbhimAnI tathA gaMbhIra kuzala prazAsaka haiM, hamAre prati unakA vyavahAra ekadama sahaja evaM AtmIya rahA, dhIre dhIre donoM parivAroM meM AtmIyatA bar3hatI gaI aura ve hamAre parivAra ke abhivAvaka evaM preraNAsrota ho ge| hameM do bAra unake sAtha eka hI kAra meM sammedazikhara jI kI yAtrA evaM darzanoM kA saubhAgya prApta huA (eka bAra banArasa evaM eka bAra kolakatA se) aura usa daurAna unake vaiduSya evaM AdhyAtmika vyaktitva se bhI paricaya huA, unake dvArA jaina dharma kI gUr3ha paribhASAoM kA sarala zabdoM meM evaM vyavahArika vyAkhyAyeM kI unakI hameM dharma ko samajhane evaM vyavahAra meM lAne meM mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA hai| ve nirbhIka evaM spaSTavAdI haiM evaM jaldI kisI bAta ke lie vacana nahIM dete para jisa kArya kA dAyitva svIkAra karate haiM use pUrA nibhAte haiM, sammeda zikhara jI me guNAyatana ke nirmANa meM unakI parikalpanA kA sAkAra rUpa zAzvata hai| jo munizrI pramANasAgara ke dvArA sampanna kiyA jA rahA hai| ve sarasvatI ke varadaputra, sAdA jIvana ucca vicAra rakhane vAle tathA jaina dharma evaM saMskRta-prAkRta ke manISI haiM evaM rASTrapati puraskAra se alaMkRta haiN| ApakA abhinandana eka gauravapUrNa preraka kadama hai etadartha maiM pratiSThAprajJa zrI saurayAM jI kA AbhAra prakaTa karatA hU~ evaM pro.jaina ke ujjvala evaM svasthya bhaviSya kI kAmanA karatA hU~, Izvara se prArthanA karatA hU~ ki unakA sneha evaM AzIrvAda hama para sadaiva banA rahe evaM mAnava samAja unake jJAna evaM anubhavoM se lAbhAnvita hotA rhe| DaoN mukeza jaina vibhAga pramukha, nyUkliyara meDisina, RTIICS , kolakatA Ane vAlA kala bhI gAyegA paM. jI kI gAthA pro. paM. zrI sudarzana lAla jI vArANasI ko kauna vidvAn hai jo inako nahIM jAnatA inakA jIvana sadaiva jinavANI kI sevA meM samarpita rahA hai| merI inake prati zubhakAmanAe~ haiM jaba taka nabha meM haiM sUrya candra, gaMgA yamunA kI dhArA hai| taka taka inakA nAma vanA rahe prabhu se namana hamArA hai| inakA sarala svabhAva dekhakara jhuka jAtA hai mAthA, Ane vAlA kala bhI gAyegA paMDita jI kI gaathaa|| zrI munnAlAla zAstrI prAcArya, gaMjabAsaudA vidvAnoM ke nirmAtA mahAmanISI DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI mere guru DaoN. jayakumAra jI mujaphpharanagara ke zikSA guru haiN| aneka avasaroM para Apase milane kA saubhAgya prApta huA tathA Apase mArgadarzana bhI prApta huaa| mujhe prasannatA hai ki vidvAnoM ke nirmAtA evaM zruta ke sevaka DaoN. sAhaba kA abhinandana grantha prakAzita ho rahA hai| grantha prakAzana samiti sampAdaka maNDala evaM vizeSa rUpa se DaoN. paMkaja jI dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiM jo ki yaha viziSTa kArya sampAdita kara rahe haiN| DaoN. mukeza jaina 'vimala' AryapurA, sabjI maNDI, dillI - 7 103

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siddha-sArasvata vidvajjagat meM sarvopari pratiSThA bar3e hI saubhAgya kA viSaya hai ki hamArI janmasthalI baMDA ke pAsa hI evaM mere karmasthala paTauvA (jahA~ maiM meDikala Aphisara rahA) ke pAsa maMjalA grAma meM janme vidvadvareNya pro. sudarzana lAla jaina sAhaba vidvadvareNya siddhasArasvata evaM rASTrapati jI se sammAnita vyaktitva hai| Apake 75veM janmadivasa ke zubha avasara para sammAnArtha prakAzita abhinandana grantha meM mujhe kucha vicAra preSita karane kA avasara milA yaha mere lie saubhAgya kA viSaya hai| sAgara meDikala kAleja meM nyAya cikitsA vibhAga meM padastha rahate hue mujhe ahamadAbAda se kisI sajjana ne phona kara paMDita pravara pro. esa.ela. jaina ke bAre meM, evaM unakA phona nambara cAhA, maiMne pUchA kyoM, to vaha bole merI dhArmika zaMkA jo Aja taka koI bhI vidvAn dUra nahIM kara pAyA usakA nirAkaraNa karanA cAhatA huuN| kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki samasta bhAratavarSa meM Apa saMskRta, prAkRta, sAhitya, nyAya evaM jainadarzana ke mUrdhanya vidvAn mAne jAte haiN| paMDita jI sAhaba zatAyu hoM evaM hama jaise logoM ko AzIrvAda milatA rahe, inhIM zubhakAmanAoM ke saath| DaoN. saMjaya jaina, ema. DI. nyAya cikitsA vibhAga, gAMdhI meDikala kAleja, bhopAla niSkAma-nirlobhavRtti Apake kAryakAla meM kaI niyuktiyA~ huI jisameM Apane yogyatA evaM viSaya vizeSajJatA kA vizeSa dhyAna rkhaa| isake lie saMskRta vibhAga ApakA ciraRNI rhegaa| Apane dabAva meM aura pralobhanoM meM Akara koI kAma nahIM kiyaa| ApakA chAtroM ke sAtha vAtsalya bhAva rahatA hai jisase chAtra-chAtrAoM ke antarmana meM ApakI amiTa chApa par3a jAtI hai| ApakI vidvattA, vinamratA, gaMbhIratA, sahajatA evaM saumyatA hI Apake vyaktitva ke paricAyaka haiN| Apake zodhanirdezana meM anusaMdhAna karane vAle lagabhaga sabhI chAtra Aja ucca zikSA se jur3akara zikSaNa evaM zodha meM apanA amUlya yogadAna de rahe haiN| Apa nirantara saMskRta ke kArya meM nitya navIna upalabdhiyA~ evaM puraskAra prApta karate rheN| sarvadA svastha, sukhI evaM sAhitya sarjanA meM gatizIla raheM yahI hamArI Izvara se prArthanA hai| ApakA AzIrvAda hama ziSyoM ko anavarata prApta hotA rahe inhIM kAmanAoM ke sAtha ApakA caraNAvanata ziSya DaoN. nIrajAkAnta pANDeya pravaktA saMskRta, rAjakIya iNTara kAleja, mIrajApura hamAre sahapAThI Aja bhI sarala prakRti haiM zrImAn paM. pravara pro. sudarzana lAla jI jaina ke vidyArthI jInava kI kucha bAteM vartamAna meM bhI smaraNIya haiM, kaTanI zAMti nikatana vidyAlaya meM 1956 se 5 varSa taka hama donoM ne eka sAtha rahakara adhyayana kiyaa| paM.jI kakSA meM par3hane vAle chAtroM meM hamezA prathama sthAna prApta karate the kyoMki jIvanazailI sAtvika thI evaM smaraNa zakti bhI tIvra thii| paM. jI sarala svabhAvI, haMsamukha unakI madhurabhASI, nispRhI evaM sahaja zAnti ke pratIka rahe / merA to paM. jI se vidyArthI jIvana meM ghaniSTha prema rahA unake sambandha meM jitanA likhU kama hI pdd'egaa| Aja bhI unameM vahI saralatA evaM sahajatA hai| itanI unnata padavI pAkara bhI hama jaisoM ko AtmIya mitra mAnate haiN| hama unake ujjvala bhaviSya kI Izvara se prArthanA karate haiN| paM. nemIcanda jaina bhopAla 104

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siddha-sArasvata zruta sevaka vidvAn manISI zruta sevaka vidvAn manISI jJAna vibhUti sarala hRdaya niSpakSa tumhAre avadAnoM ko yAda rakhegA sadA samaya svAbhimAna kI or3ha ke cAdara phasala ugAI tumane jIvana kA AnaMda uThAyA saMgharSoM kI dhuna meM upalabdhi ke AsamAna meM anaginata jar3e sitAre ramA manoramA saMga jinhoMne svapnila raMga saMvAre jagatakhyAta vizvavidyAlaya meM tuma zIrSa padoM taka pahu~ce rASTrapati jI puraskAra ke padaka tumheM bhI sauMpe mA~ gaMgA ke nagara banArasa kI smRtiyoM ko bA~dhe cale Aye jhIloM ke zahara meM hai saubhAgya hamAre hai virATa vyaktitva ApakA hama bhAva raMga bharate haiM paMDita pravara sudarzana jI kA hama abhinandana karate haiM yahI prArthanA hai bhagavana AnaMda meM A~kheM nama ho| jinavANI ke varadaputra kA jIvana aura sugama ho jo bhava sAgara se pAra lagAye baiTha sake usa nAva meM sabake paMtha sudarzana ho bhagavAna tumhArI chA~va meM / sadaiva Apake snehI RNI kavi zrI caMdrasena jaina bhopAla 105

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siddha-sArasvata jinavANI ke siddhAntoM se samajhautA asvIkAra DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI bahuta hI zAnta svabhAva ke sarala pariNAmI jIva haiM jineka Asa pAsa krodha to AtA hI nahIM hai| Apake dvArA dhArmika aura sAmAjika saGgoSThiyoM meM aneka mahattvapUrNa Alekha prastuta kiye gaye haiN| paMDita jI ke dvArA varSa 2014 meM AcArya vizuddha sAgara jI mahArAja ke cAturmAsa ke daurAna vidvatsaGgoSThI meM eka Alekha prastuta kiyA gayA thA jo bahuta hI mArmika evaM gambhIra thaa| vidvajjanoM ke dvArA bahuta hI tArIpha kI gaI thii| AcArya zrI ne bhI Alekha kI tArIpha kI thii| paM. jI svayaM sarasvatI putra haiM, mAtRpakSa se tathA vidvattA ke pakSa se| maMjalA (jilA sAgara) ApakI janmabhUmi hai| bacapana meM hI mAtRviyoga ho jAne se pitAzrI sva. siddhelAla jI ne tathA unakI bahinoM ne paM. jI kA pAlana poSaNa kiyaa| dhArmika jaina saMsthAnoM meM par3hakara apanI lagana se U~cAIyoM ko prApta kiyaa| 15 agasta 2012 meM Apako vidyA ke kSetra meM ullekhanIya yogadAna ke kAraNa mahAmahima rASTrapati dvArA puraskAra kI ghoSaNA kI gaI jisakI rAzi paM. jI ko jIvana bhara milatI rhegii| jaba se paM. jI vArANasI se jaina nagara bhopAla padhAre hamArA saubhAgya hai| ApakI apane dharma para dRDha AsthA hai| do bAra Apako viparIta dharma mAnane vAle logoM ne unake sAtha jur3ane kA Agraha kiyA aura pralobhana bhI diyA, yaha bhI kahA ki Apako bahuta U~cAiyoM para pahu~cA deNge| hAthI para baiThAkara julUsa nikAleMge parantu unhoMne apane siddhAnta se samajhautA nahIM kiyaa| Apake pAsa akhaNDa jJAna kA bhaNDAra hai, hIre motI saba haiM unheM sameTane vAlA honA caahie| Apake pravacanoM meM eka sammohana hai| isa sabakA zreya paM. jI ardhAGganI DaoN. manoramA jaina ko dete haiN| vastuta: suyogya dharmapatnI na ho to U~cAIyoM taka nahIM pahu~cA jA sakatA hai| maiM bhagavAn se prArthanA karatA hU~ ki ve zatAyu hoM tathA jinavANI ke pracAra-prasAra meM lage rheN| maiM unake caraNoM meM praNAma karatA huuN| jyotiSI zrI ajaya jaina jaina nagara bhopAla pratiSThA, upAsanA aura vidyAnurAga premI madhyapradeza ke damoha jile se kAzI Akara AdaraNIya pro0 sudarzanalAla jaina ne kAzI ko apanA karmakSetra banAyA aura lagabhaga 5 dazakoM taka yahA~ nivAsa kara saMskRta bhASA tathA jainazAstroM ke saMrakSaNa va saMvardhana ke lie apanA sampUrNa jIvana arpita kiyaa| ApakI AsthA yahA~ ke prati gaharI banI rahI, vizeSakara ina jaina tIrthoM ke prti| kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke samIpa sthita jaina mandira tathA pArzvanAtha vidyApITha se Apa nirantara sambaddha rhe| vidyApITha ke Apa nidezaka rahe aura usa daurAna Apane jaina kumArasambhava kA sampAdana tathA hindI anuvAda ke sAtha prakAzana kiyaa| mujhe isa kAvya ko par3hane kA avasara Apake saujanya se prApta huA thaa| vizvavidyAlaya ke samIpa sthita jaina mandira meM darzana karane kA ApakA nityakrama banA rhaa| ina jaina tIrthoM meM Ayojita hone vAle kAryakramoM meM ApakI nirantara upasthiti aura kAzI ke jaina samAja meM ApakI pratiSThA, upAsanA aura vidyAnurAga ke kAraNa nirantara banI rhii| kAzI meM 1906 meM sthApita zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya ke atirikta suprasiddha pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, zrI gaNezavarNI digambara jaina saMsthAna, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, vIrasevA mandira TrasTa, prAkRta jaina sosAiTI, jaina saMskRti saMzodhaka maNDala, zrI jinendra varNI zodha saMsthAna, mahAvIra presa Adi aneka saMsthAoM se ApakA samparka rhaa| kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga meM prAkRta tathA jaina darzana kI vizeSajJatA ke adhyayana adhyApana meM samarpita rahate hue bhI Apa vizvavidyAlaya ke hI saMskRta vidyA dharma vijJAna saGkAya meM sthita jaina bauddha darzana vibhAga tathA sampUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya meM sthita zramaNa vidyA saGkAya se bhI jur3e rahe aura jaina darzana, jainAgama, prAkRtabhASA aura sampUrNa jaina vADmaya ko apanI abhUtapUrva sevA pradAna karate rheN| meM unake prati natamastaka huuN| DaoN. zrImatI zobha mizrA 106

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siddha-sArasvata buMdelakhaMDa kI mahAna vibhUti buMdelakhaMDa kI dharA para aneka vidvAnoM kA janma huA hai, jisase buMdelakhaMDa kI mATI ko vidvAnoM kI jananI hone kA gaurava prApta huA hai| AdaraNIya prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina saMskRta prAkRta pAlI hiMdI aMgrejI Adi aneka bhASAoM ke ucca koTi ke vidvAn haiM, jisase bhArata sarakAra ne prophesara sAhaba ko rASTrapati puraskAra se sammAnita kiyA hai| prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina kI sahajatA saralatA aura saumyatA to samAja ko Adarza ke rUpa meM grahaNa karanI caahie| prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina eka prabhAvazAlI prazAsaka bhI rahe haiN| jaba kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI meM kalA saMkAyAdhyakSa ke pada para the, taba unase aneka loga bahuta hI prabhAvita hue aura unakI prazAsana kAryazailI se sabhI ne sIkhane kA prayAsa kiyaa| isake bAda zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya meM prabandhatantra ke adhyakSa ke pada para niyukta hue tabase unakA baccoM ke prati sneha bahuta jyAdA thaa| vidyAlaya ko kisa prakAra se Age taka vikasita kiyA jAe unakI isa naI soca ne naI dizA dene kA prayAsa kiyaa| prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina se hamArA saMparka san 2007 meM zrI syAdavAda mahAvidyAlaya meM huA thaa| isake bAda jaba maiM zrI gaNeza varNI digaMbara jaina zodha saMsthAna meM zodha adhikArI pada para niyukta huA taba se unakA mArgadarzana aura AzIrvAda prApta hotA rahA hai ,aura ummIda hI nahIM pUrNa vizvAsa hai kI Age bhI prApta hotA rhegaa| prophesara sAhaba saMpUrNa bhArata ke jaina ratnoM ke khajAnoM ke kohinUra haiN| maiM kyA likhU mere pAsa koI zabda nahIM haiN| maiM unake caraNoM meM apanI vinayAJjalI samarpita karatA hUM, aura bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI se unakI dIrghAyu kI kAmanA karatA DaoN. manISa kumAra jaina zodhAdhikArI zrI gaNeza varNI diga. jaina zodha saMsthAna nariyA, vArANasI anukaraNIya vyaktitva kisI deza kI mahattA usakI bhautika samRddhi se nahIM varan usakI saMskRti ko akSuNNa rakhane vAle vidvAnoM se hotI hai| aise hI mUrdhanya vidvAn mA~ sarasvatI ke ArAdhaka, jainadarzana ke marmajJa pro. sudarzana lAla jI jaina ke sAnnidhya kA avasara mujhe bhI prApta huA hai| bundelakhaNDa kI urvarA-dharA ke ratna, saMskRta evaM prAkRta sAhityAcArya, vidvadvareNya, siddhasArasvata pro. jaina ne saMskRta ke gar3ha kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ko apanI medhA se alaMkRta kiyaa| yahA~ para apane sudIrgha sevAkAla meM saikar3oM chAtroM ko zikSaNa ke sAtha-sAtha apane anukaraNIya vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ke dvArA sanmArga kI ora agrasara kiyaa| Apake preraNAspada mArgadarzana meM bhAratIya sAhitya evaM saMskRti ke aneka vidvAnoM kA udaya huaa| Apake sAhitya-sRjana evaM saMpAdana kArya meM gahana cintana manana kI chApa parilakSita hotI hai| saMskRta evaM prAkRta bhASA ke saMrakSaNa evaM saMvardhana hetu Apake dvArA kiye gaye prayAsa avismaraNIya haiN| zikSA jagat ke sAtha-sAtha dhArmika jagata ko bhI Apane apane bahumUlya yogadAna se upakRta kiyA hai| samAja sevA ke sAtha-sAtha videzoM meM jainadarzana ke pracAra-prasAra meM agrasara rahakara jaina siddhAntoM kI mahatI prabhAvanA kI hai| jahA~ eka ora pro. sAhaba ne prabuddha niSThAvAn Adarza prAdhyApaka aura kuzala prazAsaka ke rUpa meM apanI pahacAna banAI, to dUsarI ora unake vyavahAra kuzala, mRdubhASI, nizcala, nirabhimAnI vyaktitva evaM sahaja muskAna meM eka aisA AtmIya AkarSaNa hai, jo milane vAloM ko sahaja hI AkRSTa kara letA hai| ApakA sarala evaM saumya vyaktitva na sirpha apanepana kA ahasAsa karAtA hai varan mana ko bhI jIta letA hai| ApakA vyaktitva evaM kRtitva saMpUrNa samAja ke liye abhinaMdanIya evaM anukaraNIya hai| hamArI hArdika maGgalakAmanA hai ki pro. sAhaba dIrghakAla taka hama sabhI ke preraNAsrota banakara patha pradarzana karate rheN| 'jIvet zaradaH zatam' zrI prabhAta kumAra jaina prabandhaka, baiMka oNpha iNDiyA, bhopAla 107

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siddha-sArasvata jJAna jyoti dinakara kA abhinaMdana zatavAra hai| zrI sudarzanalAla jaina sA banA hRdaya kA hAra hai| aise jJAna jyoti dinakara kA abhinaMdana zatavAra hai| jisane apane sadviveka se jana jana ko Aloka diyaa| jisane apane puNya prayAsoM se mAnava ko yoga diyaa|| jisane kSamatA samatA se mAnava mana ko AlhAda diyaa| jisane akSaya jJAnapuMja se navayuga ko nirmANa diyaa|| jo dharatI para bana AyA mA~ sarasvatI kA pyAra hai| aise jJAna jyoti dinakara kA abhinaMdana zatavAra hai|| jisane apane pauruSa se apanA itihAsa banAyA hai| jisane apane kartavyoM se sat sAhitya racAyA hai|| jisane apanI sad vANI se nara ko patha darzAyA hai| jisane apanI kRta karaNI se pAvana gurupada pAyA hai|| isa yuga ke budhajana gaNa kA banA eka AdhAra hai| aise jJAna jyoti dinakara kA abhinaMdana zatavAra hai|| jisakI pAvana puNya lekhanI se Alokita loka haiN| jisakI jJAnamayI pratimA ko jana jana detA ghoka hai|| jisane apane budhaviveka se miTA diyA saba zoka hai| jisake Age Ane vAle yuga ko diyA Aloka hai|| jo jana jana ke lie banA aba alakha jJAna kA dvAra hai| aise jJAna jyoti dinakara kA abhinaMdana zatavAra hai|| jisakI pAvana sad zikSA se dharma jagA insAna meN| nara se nArAyaNa bana kara vicarA samyak jJAna meN|| mA~ sarasvatI kI pAvana vANI kA jisameM sammAna hai| agaNita jana jisakI zikSA se zikSita hue mahAn haiN| isa gaurava jana ke abhinaMdana kA gUMthA yaha hAra hai| aise jJAna jyoti dinakara kA abhinaMdana zatavAra hai| DaoN. arihaMta zaraNa jaina ema.bI.bI.esa.ema.DI., bilAsapura vidyAvyasanI zrI sudarzana lAla jI prophesara DaoN. sudarzanalAla jI bhArata ke nAmAMkita vidvAnoM kI gaNanA meM apanA gauravazAlI sthAna rakhate haiN| eka sAmAnya parivAra meM janma lekara bhAratIya jaina samAja ke lie sAhitya sRjana kI jo sevAe~ eka pratibhAzAlI jaina zAsana ke putra ke rUpa meM dI haiM ve sadaiva zramaNa sAhitya meM smarAya rheNgii| eka prophesara kA jIvana usa gulAba ke puSpa kI bhA~ti hotA hai jo svayaM kAMToM meM rahakara sabako saurabha pradAna karatA hai| usI prakAra eka prophesara apanI vANI evaM kalyANI lekhanI dvArA sabhI ko lAbhAnvita karatA hai| jaina darzana sAhitya aura zaikSaNika sevA ke kSetra meM Apane ajor3a jIvana prApta kiyA hai| isa prakAra ke sAdhu-svAbhAva aura jaina samAja ke gauravazAlI putra kA sammAna karanA yaha sabhI prajJajanoM kA parama karttavya hai| inakA sammAna to bhAratIya saMskRti kA sammAna hai| AzA hai, isa abhinaMdana grantha se samAja kI yuvA pIr3hI preraNA lekara bhAvIjIvana ko saphala bnaayegii| bhagavAn jinendra deva Apako svasthya sukhI evaM dIrghAyu bnaaveN| zrImatI gajarAdevI jaina sorayA pUrva prakAzaka, vItarAgavANI mAsika, TIkamagar3ha 108

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siddha-sArasvata pitA kI chavi dekhI mere vAivA meM mujhe itanA sneha diyA ki mujhe yaha ehasAsa hI nahIM huA ki maiM apane parIkSaka ke sAtha baiThI hU~ Apake sAtha bitAye gae samaya meM maiMne apane pitA kI chavi dekhI, Apase mujhe pitRvat sneha milaa| isa zubha avasara para Apako, ANTI jI ko Dhera sArI shubhkaamnaaeN| ApakI ziSyA DaoN. ku. priyaGkA ilahAbAda jaina AgamoM ke gUr3ha rahasyoM ke udghATaka prakhara vaktA, kuzala prazAsaka, dharmaniSTha, udabhaTa manISI tathA saralaprakRti pro. sudarzana lAla jaina ne jaina zAstroM kA gaharAI se adhyayana kiyA hai tathA tadanusAra jIvana jIte haiN| samAja ko bhI jaina Agama-granthoM ke gUr3ha rahasyoM ko batalAkara tadanusAra calane kI preraNA dete haiN| ApakA viSaya ko samajhAne kA tarIkA bahuta sarala hotA hai| Apa sacamuca meM siddha-sArasvata haiN| ApakI dharmapatnI bhI viduSI, karmaTha aura dharmaniSTha haiN| Apake ujjavala bhaviSya kI kAmanA karate haiN| ApakA yaha abhinandana grantha AgAmI pIr3hI ke mArgadarzaka bne| vinoda kumAra jaina jaina nagara, bhopAla jinavANI ke gahana adhyetA merA saubhAgya hai ki mujhe AdaraNIya pro. sudarzana lAla jaina jI se saMskRta aura prAkRta vyAkaraNa par3hane kA suyoga milaa| Apake dvArA likhita 'saMskRta-pravezikA' aura 'prAkRta-dIpikA' donoM saMskRta aura prAkRta bhASAoM ke vyAkaraNa jAnane ke lie ye bahuta sugama aura sarvajanopayogI haiN| Apa vidvAnoM meM agraNI haiM parantu Apako ahaMkAra nahIM hai| Apa jJAnI ke sAtha sarala aura nirlobhavRtti vAle bhI haiN| ApakA vyaktitva sulajhA huA hai tathA Apa vivAdoM se dUra rahate haiN| ApakI jaina siddhAntoM para dRr3ha AsthA hai| santoM ke prati sammAna bhAva hai| vyavahAra-kuzalatA hai| isa saMdarbha meM eka padya hai jinavANI kA gahana manana hai, karmabandha se mukta kathana hai| haiM AbhArI he sukhdrshn| jJAna Apane diyA sudrshn|| sapanA jaina ema.e. aMgrejI vAtsalya-pratimUrti manISI hAhA atyanta gaurava evaM prasannatA ke kSaNa hai ki sAhitya sRjana ke kSetra meM rASTrapati puraskAra se sammAnita DaoN. sudarzana lAla jaina ke 75veM janmadivasa ke suavasara para unake sammAna meM abhinandana grantha 'siddha-sArasvata' kA prakAzana kiyA jA rahA hai| A. sudarzana lAla jI kA avataraNa dinAMka 01.04.1944 ko grAma-maMjalA, jilA-sAgara meM mAsTara siddhelAla evaM zrImatI sarasvatI devI ke putra ke rUpa meM huA thaa| alpa avasthA meM hI mAtA jI kI chAyA se vaMcita hone evaM pArivArika vipannatA ke upAnta bhI apanI adhyayana zIlatA evaM puruSArtha ke bala para Apane aneka upalabdhiyoM aura upAdhiyoM ko prApta kiyaa| Apane kAzI vizvavidyAlaya ke lekcara, rIDara, prophesara padoM ke sopAna para kArya ke uparAnta vahI vibhAgAdhyakSa evaM kalA saMkAya pramukha (DIna) jaise ati pratiSThita pada ko suzobhita kiyaa| sAtha hI Apane apane 109

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siddha-sArasvata nirdezana meM 40 vidyArthiyoM ko zodha karavA kara pI-eca.DI. karavAI, kaI maulika kRtiyoM kI racanA kI, kaI kRtiyoM kA anuvAda evaM sampAdana kara Apane sAhitya ko samRddha kiyaa| hamAre parivAra kA parama saubhAgya hai ki jaina darzana, prAkRta evaM saMskRta ke mUrdhanya manISI yazasvI vidvAn evaM sAhitya sarjaka DaoN. sudarzana lAla jI (paMDita jI sA.) evaM unakI dharmapatnI DaoN. zrImatI manoramA jaina, jainadarzanAcArya (labdha viduSI) kA sAnnidhya vigata varSoM meM hameM prApta huA, donoM hI atyanta sarala, saumya, sAdagI, vAtsalya-pratimUrti aura AzISa pradattA dampati ke pa meM hamAre mAnasa paTala para aMkita haiN| Apa sadaiva hamArI sAmAjika aura dhArmika jijJAsAoM evaM zaGkAoM kA samAdhAna kane ke lie tatpara rahate haiN| Apa donoM sadaiva svasthya evaM prasanna rahate hue zatAyu hoM aisI iSTadeva se prArthanA hai| ApakA sneha evaM saMrakSaNa hameM evaM samAja ko nirantara prApta hotA rhe| Apake sammAna meM prakAzita hone vo abhinandana grantha ke lie maMgala kaamnaaeN| iMjI. aruNa kumAra jaina evaM zrImatI sumana jaina globasa grIna ekarsa, lAlaghATI, bhopAla zrutArAdhaka kA abhinandana paM. sudarzana lAla jI se merA paricaya san 2014 meM huA thA jaba vaha bhopAla ke jainanagara meM rahane Aye the| inakA nAma to pUrva meM hI suna rakhA thA, parantu sAkSAtkAra nahIM huA thaa| milane para Apake sarala svabhAva aura vaiduSya kA patA lgaa| Apase daza lakSaNa parva para vyAkhyAna dene tathA tattvArthasUtra par3hAne kA jaba anurodha kiyA to Apane saharSa svIkAra kara liyaa| Apake pravacanoM se jaina nagara kI samAja ko bahuta lAbha huaa| jaba Apase etadartha sammAna rAzi kA anurodha kiyA to Apane ise svIkAra karane se spaSTa manA kara diyaa| jaba-jaba Apase anurodha kiyA taba taba Apane zAstra vAcana karake yahA~ kI samAja ko dharmalAbha se lAbhAnvita kiyaa| Apako aneka puraskAra mile evaM rASTrapati dvArA Apako sammAnita kiyA gayA yaha Apake vaiduSya kA hI pariNAma hai| bI.eca.yU. jaise zikSaNa saMsthAna meM adhyApana kArya karate hue DIna jaise ucca pada ko bhI Apane suzobhita kiyaa| aneka vidyArthiyoM kA pI-eca.DI. hetu nirdezana bhI kiyaa| mere vyaktigata anurodha para Apa merI bhatIjI brahmacAriNI sapanA jaina ko jo AcArya vizuddha sAgara jI se dIkSA lenA cAhatI hai usako saMskRta evaM prAkRta vyAkaraNa bhI niHzulka par3hA rahe haiN| zruta kI ArAdhanA ApakA lakSya hai| maiM Apake dIrghAyuSya aura svAsthya kI maGgala kAmanA karatA huuN| isake sAtha hI vItarAga vANI TrasTa ke pramukha pratiSThAcArya paM. vimalakumAra jaina sorayA kA bhI abhinandana karatA hU~ jinhoMne pro. sudarzana lAla jI jaina ke guNoM ko parakhakara unakA abhinandana karane kA nizcaya kiyaa| iMjIniyara zrI padmacandra jaina jainanagara, bhopAla Dr. Jain will shine in the field of Education I have much pleasure in testifying to the abilites of my colleague, Dr. S.L.Jain, Dr. jain joinde the department in 1968 and since then has established himself as a competent teacher respected by students. His amiable disposition is his forte. As for as I have seen him, Dr. Jain impressed me as a deeply devoted to his subject and possesing a keen sense of responsibility. I am confident that with these qualities of head and heart, Dr. Jain will shine in the field of education. I wish him all success. Prof. Siddheswar Bhattacharya Head, Sanskrit Department, BHU 110

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R -HR Devoded to his studies I am glad to testify to the high merits and attachments of shri Sudarshan Lal Jain, M.A., who has been my student.He has passed several oriental examinations and thus has got good training in interpreting scriptures in the right direction. All through his education career I have found him to be very pains taking and arduous scholar devoted to his studies, The career of Shri Jain is also very bright. I wish him success in life. Dr. D.C. Guha D.litt. Reader in Sankrit College of Indology, BHU,Varanasi Devoted to his Study I have great pleasure to certify that Shri Sudarshan lal Jain attended my lectures on Sahitya and Darshan during his study for M. A. examination. I always found him devoted to his study. Shri Jain is studies by nature and his moral character is excellent. I wish him. all success in life. Dr. N.K. Teleng Reader in Sanskrit, BHU. adhyayana priya evaM samAja sevI DaoN. sudarzana lAla jaina mere chAtra rahe haiN| eka acche lekhaka haiN| bar3e madhura, parizramI, acche zikSaka, adhyayanapriya tathA samAjasevI haiN| prazAsana kuzalatA hai| khela-kUda meM bhI abhiruci hai| kaI puraskAra bhI mile haiN| die gae uttaradAyitva ko pUrNa karanA ye apanA kartavya samajhate haiN| jainadarzana ke acche jJAtA haiN| pro. vIrendra kumAra varmA pro. evaM adhyakSa, saMskRta evaM pAli vibhAga, bI.eca.yU., vArANasI Intelligent and Promising Person I have grat pleasure in certifying that Dr. Sudarshan Lal Jain Studied the Nyaya Muktavali with me. He impressed me all the time as an intelligent, promising and well read person. He showed an unusual keenness deep into intricacies of the Nyaya technicalities and catch the spirit of the topics discussed there in. I have no doubt that he will be able to master to a satisfactory extent very soon. I wish him success in life. Prof. Veermani Prasad Upadhyay U.G.C. Honorary Research Professor of Sanskrit, BHU 111

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siddha-sArasvata vinamra, honahAra aura adhyavasAyI zrI sudarzana lAla 1959 julAI se isa mahAvidyAlaya ke chAtra rahe haiN| yahA~ adhyayana karake inhoMne AcArya parIkSA uttIrNa kI hai| ye bahuta vinamra, honahAra, adhyavasAyI, medhAvI aura kuzala vyakti haiN| apane uttaradAyitva kA yogyatApUrvaka nirvAha karate haiN| gatavarSa inhoMne syAdvAda patrikA kA sampAdana kiyA thA aura usakI sarvatra prazaMsA huI thii| inakA caritra uttama hai| khelakUda, bhASaNapratiyogitA Adi meM saphalatA prApta kI hai| maiM inakI abhyunnati kA icchuka huuN| paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI pradhAnAcArya, zrIsyAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya, vArANasI Devoded to his studies This is to cartify that Sri Sudarshan Lal jain studied Indian and European Philosophy with me in B.A. He always impressed me as an intelligent and hard working student. He has a keen interest in Philosophy and its problems. I have no doubt that he will be very successful as a research worker. My best wishes are with him. ___Dr. R. R. Dravid Lecturer in Philosopy, C.H.C. (Arts College) BHU buddhimAn evaM vinayazIla zrI sudarzana lAla jaina ko maiM vigata kaI varSoM se acchI taraha jAnatA huuN| ye mare chAtra bhI haiN| ye bahuta buddhimAn, vinayazIla aura yogya vyakti haiN| koI bhI dAyitva inheM diyA jAe to ye use yogyatApUrvaka sampanna karate aura usameM saphalatA prApta karate haiN| inakA saMskRta, prAkRta, pAlI, hindI aura aMgrejI bhASAoM para adhikAra hai| maiM ApakA utkarSa cAhatA huuN| merI zubhakAmanAyeM Apake sAtha haiN| DaoN. paM. darabArI lAla koThiyA prAdhyApaka, jainadarzana vibhAga, saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya, bI.eca.yU. viSaya pratipAdana zailI uttama maiM zrI sudarzana lAla jaina ko acchI taraha se jAnatA huuN| mere chAtra rahe haiN| ye bar3e parizramI, adhyayanazIla, anuzAsana priya, sajjana evaM saccAritra vyakti haiN| inakI lekhana zailI uttama zreNI kI hai| inakI viSaya pratipAdana zailI uttama hai| DibeToM meM bhI puraskAra prApta kiye haiN| inake ujjvala bhaviSya kI kAmanA karate haiN| paM. hIrAvallabha zAstrI prAdhyApaka, darzana vibhAga, saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya, bI.eca.yU.vArANasI 112

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siddha-sArasvata vidvAn bhI mugdha ho jAte haiM zrI sudarzana lAla jaina ko maiM adhyayana kAla se jAnatA huuN| ye nyAya, vedAnta, sAMkhya, jaina, bauddha, yoga Adi darzanoM ke mArmika vidvAn haiN| bhAratIya darzanoM ke duruha abhiprAyoM ko ye itanI sarala paddhati se prakaTa kara dete haiM ki sunakara vidvAn bhI mugdha ho jAte haiN| ye suzIla, vinayI, karmaniSTha evaM pradatta uttaradAyitva ko bhalIbhA~ti nibhAte haiN| inhoMne mujhase navyanyAya aura vedAnta zAstra par3hA hai| maiM inakI pratyeka kSetra meM unnati cAhatA huuN| ___paM. mUlazaMkara zAstrI prAdhyApaka, saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya, bI.eca.yU. sarala aura vidyAvyasanI svabhAva zrI sudarzana lAla jaina mere pAsa mImAMsA darzana kA adhyayana karane AyA karate the unakA mImAMsA darzana meM 'niSedha mImAMsA viSayaka lekha prAmANika aura sundara DhaMga se likhA gayA hai| lekha se pratIta hotA hai ki jaina mahodaya mImAMsAdarzana kA adhyayana ThIka DhaMga se kie haiN| unake sarala aura vidyAvyasanI svabhAva se maiM bahuta prabhAvita huuN| mahAmahopAdhyAya pI.ena. paTTAbhirAma zAstrI padmabhUSaNa, vedamImAMsA anusandhAna kendra, saM.saM.vi.vi. vArANasI na kevalaM nAmnA sudarzanaH ayaM na nAmnA kevalaM sudarzanaH kintu arthato'pi sudarzana: sAhityasauhityamAsAdayana cAturya-mAdhuryadhurAdhirUDhaH pratibhAta svIyazAstrabhiH shobhte| adhyApanakarmaNi kauzalaM kalayana mAM praNayatIti saharSavarSaM smudaahraami|| paM. mahAdeva zAstrI sAhityavibhAgAdhyakSa, saMskRtamahAvidyAlaya, bI.eca.yU. vArANasI vivAhoparAnta pati ke sAtha jIvana-yAtrA mere pati ke mitra seTha sumata jaina aura usakI bahina kamalA jaina ke sAtha ghaniSTha maitrI sambandha the| unakI mAtAzrI kI icchA thI ki kamalA kA vaivAhika saMbandha sudarzana lAla se kara diyA jaae| parantu Arthika paristhitioM meM bahuta antara thaa| merI bhI kamalA ke sAtha ghaniSTha mitratA thI, eka sAtha eka hI vidyAlaya meM par3hate the| yaha eka prabala pUrvajanma kA saMyoga thA ki merA vaivAhika sambandha DaoN. sudarzanalAla ke sAtha taya ho gyaa| kamalA ne mujhe cir3hAte hue kahA yaha to aitihAsika seTha sudarzana-manoramA kI jor3I hogii| jo saca huii| vivAha meM kisI taraha ke daheja Adi kI bAta nahIM huI kyoMki pitA jI (sasura jI) ko merA kArya pasanda thA, ve merI dhArmikatA tathA kartavyakarmoM kI karmaThatA se prabhAvita the| mere pati bhI daheja virodhI the| dinAGka 13.05.1965 ko merA inake sAtha vivAha ho gayA aura maiM sasurAla A gii| yahA~ Ane para mujhe putrIvat prema milaa| maiMne bhI pUre parivAra ko apanA liyaa| kucha samaya bAda mere pati mujhe vArANasI livA le gae, jahA~ vo risarca kara rahe the| eka choTA sA kamarA thA 200 rUpayA unheM chAtravRtti milatI thii| usI meM kharca calAnA par3atA thA kyoMki mere pati bar3e svAbhimAnI haiN| ata: kisI se Arthika sahayoga hetu nahIM kahate haiN| kaMTrola se prApta amerikana lAla geMhU khAkara bhI hama loga prasanna the| zahara se bAhara jAkara zvetAmbara jaina Azrama meM rahate the| ataH mere parivAra ke loga kahate the merI beTI to rAma ke sAtha vanavAsa meM haiN| 113

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siddha-sArasvata patideva zodhakArya meM lage rahate the| dinAMka 28.9.1967 ko maiMne sasurAla (damoha) meM prathama putraratna ko janma diyaa| sarvatra khuziyoM kI lahara daur3a pdd'ii| ye pAsa meM nahIM the| inhoMne vijanaura ke vardhamAna kAleja meM saMskRta pravaktA ke rUpa meM dinAMka 05-09-1967 se sarvisa zuru kara dI thii| durbhAgya se inhoMne vahA~ hAiDrosila kA Aparezana karAyA jo bigar3a gayA aura mujhe pitA jI ke sAtha bijanaura AnA pdd'aa| putra saMdIpa abhI tIna mAha kA hI thaa| durbhAgya se eka dina bandara ne putra ko ghera liyA jise par3ausI kI madada se chudd'aayaa| patideva ke sAtha meraTha hote hue dillI DaoNkTara ko dikhAne gaye vahA~ saubhAgya se patideva ke ghAva se dhAgA nikalA aura ve ThIka ho gye| thor3e samaya bAda hI inakI niyukti kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI ke saMskRta vibhAga meM ho gii| vahA~ se hama vArANasI A gae aura dinAMka 12-08-1968 ko inhoMne DyUTI jvAina kara lii| isameM tatkAlIna vibhAgAdhyakSa guru pro. siddhezvara bhaTTAcArya tathA komalacanda jaina kA bar3A sahayoga rhaa| usI samaya madhyapradeza zAsana tathA meraTha se bhI niyukti patra A gae jinheM najara-andAja kara diyaa| dinAMka 28-09-1968 ko hamAre bar3e putra kA prathama janmadina manAyA gyaa| parivAra ke kaI loga vArANasI Ae the aura sabake sAtha zikharajI kI yAtrA para cale ge| vahA~ pAnI gira rahA thaa| beTA na to DolI vAle kI DolI meM baiTha rahA thA aura na kisI ke pAsa jA rahA thA jisase pUre pahAr3a kI yAtrA inhoMne apane kaMdhe para baiThAkara kii| kAlAntara meM 08.09.1969 ko dvitIya putra saMjaya huaa| donoM jaba galI meM nikalate the to mohalle vAle 'rAmalakSmaNa' kI jor3I kahakara pukArate aura godI meM uThAkara khilAte the| isake bAda sundara guNI eka kanyA manISA huii| jisakI hameM bar3I cAhanA thii| dinAMka 19.04.1975 ko hamAre pApa karmodaya se bar3e putra saMdIpa ko sarvAMga meM poliyo ho gyaa| bahuta parizrama ke bAda vaha vaizAkhI para calane lgaa| Age usane bI.eca.yU. se kampyUTara iMjiniyariGga meM grejuezana karake pUnA meM sarvisa kii| zIghra hI amerikA meM pI-eca.DI. hetu skAlarazipa ke sAtha praveza mila gyaa| vahA~ usane pIeca.DI. karake sarvisa jvAina kara lii| Aja vahA~ acchI posTa para hai, do bacciyA~ haiN| eka grejuezana kara cukI hai| manISA ke bAda merA eka putra abhiSeka huA jo ema.bI.e. karake muMbaI meM U~cI posTa para kAryarata hai| isI samaya inakA kulapati ke lie nAmAMkana huA parantu cikunaguniyA hama donoM ko ho jAne ke kAraNa rAjyapAla se milane nahIM jA ske| I. 2012 meM inheM rASTrapati puraskAra milaa| isake bAda beTI ke vizeSa Agraha para jUna 2014 ko bhopAla A gae aura yahIM rahane lge| aparicita sthAna thA dhIre-dhIre paricaya huA aura sabane paM. jI kahakara sammAna diyaa| AcArya vizuddhasAgara jI kA caumAsA thA unhoMne samAja meM mere pati kI vidvattA kI prazaMsA kii| naMdIzvara mandira ke adhyakSa zrI pramoda caudharI jI, ema.sI. jaina, pI.sI. jaina, ajaya jozI jI Adi se bar3A sammAna milaa| isI bIca merA vizeSa paricaya pratiSThAprajJa paM. vimala sorayA jI se huaa| unhoMne nizchala bhAI-bahina kA prema diyaa| aura ve hama logoM se bhI prabhAvita hue| unhoMne inake abhinandana grantha prakAzita karane kA sAgraha prastAva rakhA jise svIkAra karake apekSita sAmagrI ekatrita karanA prArambha kara diyaa| unhoMne (sorayA jI ne) vItarAga vANI meM isakI ghoSaNA kara dI tathA variSTha sampAdaka banA diyaa| mere pati hamezA par3hane kI preraNA dete tathA par3hane vAloM kA sahayoga karate haiN| unhIM kI preraNA se maiMne jainadarzanAcArya kiyA tathA pI-eca.DI. kii| maiM apane Apa ko bar3I saubhAgyazAlI mAnatI hU~ ki aise pati mile tathA jainatva ke saMskAra mile| vArANasI ke bAda jaina nagara bhopAla meM sabhI se hameM AtmIyatA milii| mere pati kA yaha abhinandana grantha vastutaH jainadharma, saMskRti, vidvattA aura samAja kA hai| hameM isI taraha kA pyAra milatA rahe aura hama saparivAra satata dharmArAdhanA meM saMlagna raheM, yahI prabhu se kAmanA hai| DaoN. manoramA jaina, jainadarzanAcArya epha 3/103 globasa grIna ekarsa, lAlaghATI, bhopAla (ma.pra.) 114

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siddha-sArasvata mere sabase acche mAtA-pitA maiM apane mAtA-pitA kI prathama santAna huuN| merA janma hone para dAdA jI ne khUba badhAIyA~ karAI aura miThAIyA~ bAMTI kyoMki bahuta samaya bAda parivAra meM pautra huA thaa| maiM bahuta sundara aura svastha bhI thA jisa kAraNa sabhI ristedAra, par3ausI bagairaha mujhe dekhane aspatAla aura ghara para aae| vidhi kA vidhAna kaheM yA azubha karma kA udaya ki ATha varSa kI avasthA meM (19.04.1975) acAnaka mujhe poliyo ho gyaa| pahale skUla meM bukhAra AyA to merI klAsa TIcara ne mujhe ghara bhijavA diyaa| AcanAka palaMga se uThane para maiM nIce gira pdd'aa| paira sunna ho gyaa| merI mammI ne par3ausI DaoNkTara ko btlaayaa| unhoMne turanta aspatAla le jAne kI salAha dii| pitA jI turanta aspatAla le gae aura baccoM ke vArDa meM bhartI karA diyaa| DaoNkTara ke nirdezAnusAra mere beDa ke pAsa AksIjana kA sileMDara rakha diyA gayA aura rIr3ha kI haDDI se pAnI nikAlakara jAMca ko bheja diyaa| vaha rAtri mujhe acchI taraha yAda hai pratipala merA zarIra apaGga hotA jA rahA thA parantu kucha puNyakarma kA phalodaya huA jisase sAMsa banda nahIM ho paaii| pitA jI kA hAla behAla thaa| mA~ kI bhI yahI sthiti thii| bhagavAn kA nAma saba loga japa rahe the| zarIra kA tIna cauthAI bhAga poliyo kI capeTa meM A cukA thaa| pitA jI lakhanaU, dillI, mumbaI Adi kaI jagaha lekara gae, kisI ko isa bhayAnaka bImArI kA aMdAja nahIM thaa| muMbaI meM eka choTA sA Aparezana kraayaa| pitA jI ke sAtha koI nahIM thA aura na koI jAna pahacAna vAlA thaa| Aparezana karane vAle DAkTara ne bar3I sahAyatA kii| Aparezana ke bAda rAtri meM vArDa meM pitAjI ko nahIM rahane diyA kyoMki puruSavarga kI manAhI thii| vAcamena kI madada se pitAjI bAhara kamare meM so ge| parantu A~khoM meM nIMda nahIM thii| eka zvetAmbara jaina sAdhu saGga meM zaraNa lekara khAnA rahanA kiyaa| kucha samaya bAda mujhe lekara vArANasI Ae, idhara senTrala skUla bI.eca.yU. kempasa ke priMsapala ne vArSika parIkSA na de pAne para bhI pichalA rikArDa (cha:mAhI taka) dekhakara agrima kakSA meM praveza de diyaa| maiM kakSA meM hamezA prathama dvitIya rahatA thaa| eka bAra jaba maiM 10 vIM kI vArSika parIkSA de rahA thA to pitA jI ne hAtha kI aMguliyoM kI kamajorI kI vajaha se dillI patra likhakara mujhe parIkSA meM AdhA ghaMTA atirikta dane kI anumati dilA dI parantu maiMne usa samaya kA phAyadA nahIM liyaa| bArahavIM pAsa karane ke bAda merA bI.eca.yU. meM bI.Teka (kampyUTara sAiMsa) meM eDamIzana ho gyaa| pitA jI ne eka TrAI skUTara kharIdakara diyaa| maiM use calAkara kaoNleja jAne lgaa| bI.Teka. (bI.I.) karane ke bAda maiM pUnA meM (sI.Deka kampanI) meM sarvisa karane lgaa| pharavarI 1989 meM maiM pUnA se vArANasI pahu~cA, apanI bI.Teka kI DigrI lene| Convocation ke samaya mujhe svarNa padaka kI prApti honI thI, parantu mere pitAjI jinakI preraNA va sahayoga se maiM isa mukAma taka pahu~cA thA, vo zAmila na ho ske| vidhi kA vidhAna aisA ki pitAjI kaTanI se jisa Trena meM A rahe the vo leTa ho gii| pitAjI ne mAlagAr3I, basa Adi ke dhakke khAte hue kisI hAla meM pahu~ce para samaya se cUka gye| ye unakA pragAr3ha prema thA jo vo merI tarakkI para kitanA garvAnvita mahasUsa kara rahe the| san 2015 ko jaba merI beTI arcitA 12 vIM kakSA pAsa kara Convocation se nikalI to mujhe pitAjI kI vo bhAvanA mahasUsa huii| jaba maiM amerikA AyA to kAra calAne lagA aura bhI kAma apane Apa karane lgaa| idhara pitAjI merI zAdI kI cintA meM kanyA khoja rahe the| anta meM merI arcanA se zAdI ho gaI jo merI sahI ardhAMginI hokara sahayoga kara rahI hai| Aja maiM do bacciyoM kA pitA hU~ tathA sisko kampanI meM DAyarekTara kI posTa para huuN| ye saba mere pitA jI aura mAtA jI kI dena hai jo Aja maiM isa mukAma para huuN| maiM cAhatA hU~ ki aise mAtA-pitA mujhe punaH agale janma meM mile| guru govinda doU khar3e kAke lAgoM paaNv| balihArI guru Apane, goviMda diyo milaay|| mAtA-pitA hameM janma dete haiM aura ve hamAre pahale guru hote haiN| bacapana meM prathama dina se ve hameM pyAra dete haiM, hamArI jarUratoM ko pahale samajha kara pUrti karate haiN| hama unako pratipala dekhate haiM aura choTI-choTI va bar3I-bar3I bAtoM ko samajhate haiM va apanAte haiN| hara pala unake sAtha rahate hue hama unakI chavi ko apane antaraGga meM basAte haiN| itanI zikSA, mArgadarzana, vaha bhI binA apekSA bhAva ke, hamAre jIvana ko vo rUpa dete haiM jo hameM isa saMsAra ke sukha bhare va duHkha bhare paloM 115

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siddha-sArasvata ko mahasUsa karane ke lie sakSama karate haiN| merI mAtA jI ne merI dekharekha sahI DhaGga se kI tathA unhoMne pI-eca.DI. hone para bhI sarvisa nahIM kii| yadi meM ye kahu~ ki mere mAtA-pitA mere sabase prathama va sakSama aura sarvazreSTha guru haiM, to yaha koI atizayokti na hogii| mujhe isa jIvana meM jo bhI prApta hai vaha unake mArgadarzana, sahayoga, samarpaNa aura prema kA pratiphala hai| isa nidhi ko pAkara merA jIvana ApakA kRtajJa hai aura maiM Apako zata-zata praNAma karatA huuN| DaoN. saMdIpa jaina DAyarekTara, sisko grUpa, sainphrAMsisko, amerikA My Father is Respectable Personality Sartaga The untold story of my father Prof. Sudarshan Lal Jain cannot be lost to time. It is not only a story worth telling, but also the story that shaped the person I am today. The story that circulates in his circle of peers is the one that begins at his professorship, or perhaps earlier when he began college. However, the true significance of the story can be found in the folds of his beginnings. (1) He was born in Damoh, M.P and grew up without his mother, in the shadow of a loving but strict father, It was a small place, where building a family and working at home were of higher priority than extended schooling. Children were expected to know only what they needed in order to continue the family business at best, and then to come support a family. It was a decision time for him. His passion for studies on one hand and responsibilities of his sister and dad on the other hand. He then made a wise decision to pursue his passion but did not give up on his responsibility towards his family. (2) After years of self-guided, self-motivated study, which he persisted upon despite a staggering lack of support from the community, he traveled to Katni, M.P for the next level of his education. During breaks in his schooling, he returned to his quiet small town to support his family, and he cooked and cleaned and studied between it all. He progressed even further, moving to Varanasi, U.P for his graduation and post-graduation. (3) It was at this time that he built a family of his own, on a foundation of books and ink and the love he held for his education. He married my mother Smt Manorama Jain, who supported not only his dreams of becoming a professor, but also his dreams of supporting his family. Soon after, my brother was struck with polio in his youth, and somehow both my parents bore the resultant stress with stoicism and strength. Despite all these setbacks, he continued to push the boundaries of excellence defined by people around him. (4) Surrounded by studious individuals who encouraged his voracious appetite for knowledge, my father completed his research from Parshwanath Vidyapeeth Varanasi and got awarded his Ph.D., which was recognized and awarded by government of U.P for his excellent work in Jainism. Soon after he started lecturing at BHU Varanasi and fought his way upward, eventually becoming head of his department. And he kept ascending, his growth did not stop there as he became 116

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siddha-sArasvata Dean of Arts Faculty and was eventually awarded the President's Award for his contribution to Jainism, the subject he so relentlessly pursued for so many years, climbing over trials and tribulations that plagued his life, without dropping responsibility for his family, or ever failing to show them his love and admiration for his wife and children. (5) He travelled to all parts of India providing education on Jainism in a simplified practical way. We had the pleasure of hosting him here in JCNC, CA, USA. Not only he shared his views on Jainism with local Jain society but was also a part of the panel discussion on Multi Faith Philosophy debate. That reminds me that when we took him to Grand Canyon - it was snowing there, and he made snow angel with my little one. He was 65 then and doing what 5 year old does. My dad has never failed to show his love for me. Every person believes that their parents are inspirational, and yet, my dad has outshone many, many people of his own generation and that is truly inspirational. I am who I am because of him, and even today with all my successes and financial achievements I don't feel that I have achieved what he has. Money can be earned in many ways, but earning respect, being recognized by people of your own caliber... that is a true testament to someone's success - and my dad has earned it. Shri Sanjay Kumar Jain Senior Principle Software Engineer Sisco co.(USA) sabase acche mammI -pApA mere mammI-pApA ne bacapana se hI acche saMskAra die| phalasvarUpa Aja maiM ina U~cAiyoM para pahu~ca sakA huuN| mere pApA jI kahate the yaha bAlaka to netA banegA kyoMki yaha akelA nahIM calatA 2-4 sAthI hamezA isake sAtha bane rahate haiN| unhoMne mujhe iMjiniyariMga yA meDikala meM bhejanA cAhA parantu merI ruci dekhakara menejamenTa meM praveza karA diyaa| maiM prArambha se hI kuzAgra buddhi vAlA thA jisake phalasvarUpa menejamenTa meM TApa para A gyaa| bI. eca. yU. se ema.bI.e. karane ke bAda maiM ekAkI sarvisa khojane mumbaI A gyaa| yahA~ para maiMne kucha kampaniyoM meM sarvisa kI aura anta meM mahendra eNDa mahendrA meM grupa lIDara maiMnejara bana gyaa| maiMne kaI logoM ko sarvisa dilaaii| maiM ghara meM sabase choTA thA jisase mujhe mAtA pitA ke sAtha bhAI-bahina kA bhI prema milatA thaa| jaba bhAI sarvisa para bAhara cale gae aura bahina muMbaI meDikala kI par3hAI karane calI gaI to maiM apane Apa ko asahAya evaM ekAkI anubhava karane lgaa| nakArAtmakatA hAvI hone lgii| aise samaya meM mammI-pApA ke mitravad vyavahAra tathA saporTa se mujhameM parivartana aayaa| usI kA pariNAma hai ki maiM Aja acchI pojIzana meM huuN| merI patnI bhI merI hI kampanI meM grUpa lIDara hai| merI eka choTI sI baccI hai jisakA nAma aniSkA hai| yaha nAma mere pitAjI ne hI rakhA hai isameM pUre parivAra ke sAtha Izvara kA nAma bhI samAviSTa hai| merI Izvara se prArthanA hai ki mere mammI-pApA jaise mammI-pApA sabako mileN| maiM Aja jo kucha bhI hU~ vaha unake mitravad vyavahAra tathA saporTa (sahayoga) kA pariNAma hai| maiM unakI jitanI sevA kara sakU~ utanI bhI kama hai| sadaiva unakA RNI rhuuNgaa| zrI abhiSeka jaina bijanisa (phAInensa) heDa mahendrA eNDa mahendrA, mumbaI 117

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siddha-sArasvata A Nobel Personality Born in a small village of Madhya Pradesh, Central India, most of my childhood was spent in a town of Western Uttar Pradesh, India, Bihar and U.P. are the two leading states of India known for sex discrimination since time immemorial. I was brought up at a place where daughters were never considered to be a member of the family as they had to leave their houses after marriage. The 'son' was considered to be the saviour and legal heir of the family. The importance of sons in families was many fold as they were considered to spread the family tree in to future generation. And I was born amidst not one or two but three sons as my brothers. Had it been some other family, as most of my classmates would narrate to me, even basic education would have been a privilege. But I was born to a father who was different, unconventional, un-traditional and unorthodox, not just in thoughts but in his actions also. Being a free thinker and liberal, my father not just gave me freedom to think but also provided me with wings to fly high and pursue my dreams with his full and everlasting support. I was allowed to pursue my dream and career of my choice as it was for my brothers. There was no discrimination. On the contrary, I was given more freedom than my brothers. Today, I am working as a leading gynaecologist and when I look back, more than 80% of my schoolmates could not go beyond even graduation. I am proud to be born in such a family and I am proud to be born as a daughter of my father. I owl my success to the efforts of my father, spoken and unspoken many a time. Dr. Manish Jain Associate Professor, Government Medical college, Vidisha. (M.P.) mAtA-pitA tulya mere sAsa-sasura hareka lar3akI kI icchA hotI hai ki use sasurAla meM pati ke sAtha sAsa-sasura kA bhI pyAra mile, jaisA mAyake meM mammI pApA se milatA hai| maiM bahuta bhAgyazAlI hU~ ki mujhe sasurAla meM mA~-bApa kA pyAra milaa| mere pati amerikA meM kampyUTara iMjiniyara ke pada para sarvisa kara rahe the tathA unakA parivAra vArANasI (bhArata) meM raha rahA thaa| maiM yahA~ kucha ghaTanAoM ko prakAzita karanA cAhatI hU~ - jaba prathama bAra mujhe amerikA jAne ke lie bIsA hetu dillI jAnA par3A, taba mere sasura mere sAtha dillI ge| unhoMne bIsA banavAne meM kAphI prayatna kie aura dUsarI bAra meM bIsA banavA diyaa| jaba dillI se vArANasI lauTa rahe the to TikiTa kanpharma nahIM huI thii| RAC meM hI yAtrA kAzI vizvanAtha eksapresa se karanA pddii| rAtri meM jaba sone kA samaya AyA to maiMne jamIna para cAdara bichAkara sone kA prayatna kiyA to mere sasura pro. sudarzana lAla jaina ne nIce jamIna para nahIM sone diyA apitu mujhe vartha para sulAyA aura svayaM nIce so ge| maiM bar3I lajjita huI parantu unakI jidda ke Age merI nahIM clii| ye thA mere sasura kA mere prati pitA-putrI kA adbhuta pyaar|

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siddha-sArasvata jaba maiM prathama vidAI ke samaya apane mAyake jA rahI thii| taba apane sAsa-sasura ke pyAra se maiM apanI sAsa se lipaTa kara ro rahI thI aura sAsa sasura sAntvanA de rahe the| usa samaya vArANasI sTezana para Trena meM baiThe loga bole kyA beTI ko sasurAla bheja rahe haiM ? maiM usa samaya bar3I abhibhUta huI aura Aja taka usa ghaTanA ko nahIM bhUla skii| amerikA meM pravacanoM ke lie samAja ne mere sasurajI ko bulavAyA thA, ye unakI prathama videza yAtrA thI usa samaya kA saMsmaraNa mujhe bahuta acche se yAda hai| hamArA pUrA parivAra apane Apa meM bahuta gauravAnvita mahasUsa kara rahA thaa| pApA ne vahA~ bahuta dharma-prabhavanA kI, bahuta logoM ko prabhAvita kiyA, apanI tattva carcA aura pravacanoM ke mAdhyama se bahuta sAre loga jijJAsA lekara Ate aura pApA sabhI ko ucita samAdhAna btaate| tattvArthasUtra kI klAsa meM bhI samAja ke sabhI varga ke logoM ne par3hane-samajhane meM bahuta ruci dikhaaii| lAiva TelIkAsTa bhI hotA thaa| phona se usI samaya prazna bhI Ate the| hamArI kAphI apanI jijJAsAoM kA samAdhAna kiyA aura hameM dharma ke sahI jJAna ke prati rujhAna jgaayaa| pApA jaba bhI koI nayI jagaha jAte haiM yA vastu dekhate haiM to ve bar3e tArkika aura prAmANika dRSTi se parakhate haiN| bahuta bArIkI se avalokana karate haiN| sAre pahaluoM para ve bahuta jujhAru, laganazIla evaM mehanatI haiN| pitA eka vaTa vRkSa hai, jisakI zItala chAyA meM, sampUrNa parivAra sukhI rahatA hai| hara choTe saMkaToM meM mA~ hI yAda AtI hai| para jaba bar3e saMkaTa Ate haiM to pitA se hI salAha lete haiN| umar3ate ghumar3ate vicAroM ko maiM DAyarI meM likhA karatI thI, vahI eka acchI dosta thI merii| acAnaka eka dina merI DAyarI ke sAre panne phaTe hue mile mere to A~sU A ge| parantu pApA jI dUsare dina merI DAyarI ko puna: vyavasthita kara mere sAmane khar3e the| usa kSaNa khuzI se merI A~khe nama ho gyiiN| bahuta dhyAna rakhate haiM sabhI kI khuziyoM kA, aise haiM mere sasura (pitaa)| bhagavAn kare mere jaisA sAsa-sasura-patidevara-nanada vAlA parivAra mile| yahA~ mujhe lagatA hI nahIM ki meM sasurAla meM huuN| zrImatI arcanA jaina sArATogA, keliphorniyA, amerikA My Father-in-law is an Example of the Hard work As daughter-in-law, privilege that only 3 people have, I was inspired by my father-in-law even before I became his daughter-in-law. I had heard about my father-in-law's achievement even before my marriage.some lessons that I have tried to incorporate in my life. (1) During the marriage ceremony, I truly witnessed his mastery of litrature when he effortlessly tied all the relatives name from both families into a piece of literature. Since then I have seen him explaining many facets of Jainism in a very simplified manner which makes us all understand those complex granthas into common person language. (2) I have seen him follow his true zest of knowledge almost all the time. Many a times it is not about Jainism, but it would be anything from our daily life use where he would tirelessly try to figure out and fix things which are not his cup of tea. That shows focus and dedication. Something that today's generation can certainly learn from, a trait he showed when learning about computers and social media. He did not shy away from it but put in the effort to learn it and use it to further his goals and passion. That to me is amazing. (3) Another quality that had made a big impact on me is his focus. I have seen him lost in his research, even after retirement, where he would forget about food and others around him. (4) He has been awarded mant honors and awards in his lifetime, though the 119

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siddha-sArasvata highlight of his achievement is the well-deserved President's Award for Jainism. (5) He is a loving father, husband, son, brother and grandfather. When I follow his journey, it helps me to pursue my passion while being a loving parent and caring physician. (6) My father-in-law is an exapmle of true hard work, exemplary focus and a true go-getter. I hope that someday, I will be able to live my life to the fullest, just like him. Dr. Arti Jain Arti Paediatric Hospital, cuperina(U.S.A.) mere sAsa-sasura mere mAtA-pitA zrI abhiSeka jaina mere pati aura mitra donoM hai| jIvana ke hara utAra-car3hAva meM unhoMne merA sAtha diyA hai| jaba merA vivAha huA to mere mana meM yaha Dara thA ki mujhe sasurAla meM mAna-sammAna aura sneha milegA yA nhiiN| merA ye saubhAgya hai ki mujhe abhiSeka jI jaise pati ke sAtha-sAtha mAtA pitA svarUpa sAsa aura sasura jI mile| merI sasurAla meM pitAjI ne mujhe sneha bhI diyA aura merA mArgadarzana bhI kiyaa| pitA jI kAphI sulajhe hue puruSa haiM aura unhoMne apane jIvana ke anubhavoM se hamezA mArgadarzana kiyA hai| pitA jI se maiMne jIvana meM karmaThatA aura jJAna kA mahattva sIkhA hai| pitAjI meM kucha nayA sIkhane kI utsakutA hamezA rahatI hai| mujhe abhI bhI vo samaya yAda haiM jaba maiMne unheM 'AI paiDa' calAnA sikhAyA thA taba Apane kahA thA ki tuma merI guru bana gii| kitanI saralatA hai unameM / yadyapi maiM svayaM phAineMsa ke kSetra se hU~ parantu hamAre bhaviSya nidhi ke lie pitAjI se hI rAya letI huuN| Aja hamArI eka pyArI sI baccI jisakA nAma pitAjI ne rakhA hai 'aniSkA jaina' yaha nAma pUre parivAra kA jor3a hai| mai cAhatI hU~ aise mAtA-pitA sabako mileM tathA pitAjI ko khUba sammAna mile| zrImatI nIlU jaina eriyA menejara myUcuala phaMDa, mahendrA eNDa mahendrA, mumbaI paMDitapravara sudarzana lAla jI jayavaMta raheM AdaraNIya paMDita jI ke viSaya meM likhane ke pahale, maiM svayaM ke viSaya meM do zabda likhanA caahuuNgaa| maiM bhI paMDita jI kI taraha bacapana meM hI apane pitA ko kho cukA thaa| merI mA~ ne hI apane athaka parizrama se hama do bhAI aura eka bahina kI paravariza kii| apanI pratibhA aura lagana se adhyayana kara maiMne bhopAla ke maulAnA AjAda kAleja oNpha TeknolaoNjI se bI.I. kI DigrI prApta kI tathA bhArata elyUminiyama kaMpanI korabA (chattIsagar3ha) meM e.jI.ema. ke pada taka pahu~ca kara riTAyara huaa| merI bhI ucca zikSita cAra santAneM haiM saMjaya jaina (aMgrejI se ema.e. tathA vyAkhyAtA), prophesara DaoN. ajaya jaina, putrI aMjU jaina (ema.esa.sI. kemisTrI, belApura)aura amita jaina (ema.I. kampyUTara, amerikA posttedd)| merI patnI caMdA jaina dhArmika gRhaNI haiM tathA unake mArgadarzana se baccoM meM susaMskAra kA prAdurbhAva huaa| unake sahayoga ke binA baccoM ko yogya banAnA muzkila thaa| mere dAmAda iMjiniyara haiM belApura, mumbaI meM kAryarata haiN| paMDita jI kI suputrI DaoN. manISA jaina merI dvitIya putra kI putra vadhU haiM / vaha kuzala gRhiNI bhI hai| isa prakAra hama samAna buddhi ke dhArI (samadhI) haiN| DaoN. manISA vidizA meDikala kAleja meM rIDara pada para haiN| vilakSaNa pratibhA ke dhArI, paMDita jI sAhaba prAkRta aura saMskRta ke atulanIya vidvAn haiM, unakI meghA akalpanIya hai| apanI yogyatA se vaha banArasa hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke DIna ke pada para pahu~cakara riTAyara hue| bhArata 120

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siddha-sArasvata sarakAra ne bhI unakI yogyatA ko pahacAnA tathA rASTrapati puraskAra se sammAnita kiyaa| jaina samAja unake 75 veM janmadina para eka prazasti grantha prakAzita kara rahI hai, yaha prasannatA kA viSaya hai| merI kAmanA hai ki vaha zatAyu hoM aura samAja ko dharma kA prakAza dete rheN| merI yaha bhI icchA hai ki vaha apane jaise aura bhI vidvAn banAyeM jisase prAkRta bhASA kA jJAna akSuNNa rhe| punaH zubhakAmanAoM ke saath| zrI jinezvara kumAra jaina eca.AI.jI. 7, neharu nagara, korabA (cha.ga.) AdaraNIya sAvajI sAhaba ko badhAI hama sabhI ke lie yaha atyanta gaurava va sammAna kA kSaNa hai ki Apake 75vIM varSagAMTha ke upalakSya meM abhinadanna grantha prakAzita hone jA rahA hai| kRpayA merI va parivAra kI badhAI svIkAra kreN| hama sabhI Apake vigata varSoM kI upalabdhiyoM se atyanta prabhAvita haiN| Apane jaina darzana ke dArzanika viSayoM ke sAtha itihAsa ke una tathyoM ko ujAgara kiyA hai jinake viSaya meM jaina samAja ko kama jAnakArI hai| isake liye Apane prAkRta va saMskRta bhASA kA gahana adhyayana kiyA hai| isake liye Apako rASTrapati padaka se sammAnita kiyA gayA hai| Apa jaina samAja ke canda buddhijIviyoM meM haiM jinako samaya samaya para saMta muniyoM se AmaMtraNa prApta hai| punaH Apako zubhakAmanAe~ va bdhaaii| zrI saMtoSakumAra jaina zahaDola himagiri sama unnata lalATa dhanya sudhA sama dina yaha pAvana, pulakita hRdaya hamAre, zikSA vibhAga dhArmika AsthA, puruSArtha ke atithi pdhaare|| gaMgA yamunA triveNI sA pAvana saMgama lagatA hai| saMskRta-prAkRta-bhASAoM kI sundara mahimA sI lagatI hai|| saumya-prakRti zAlIna veza, madhuvANI kA saMgama paayaa| kaI dinoM se Aza lagI para Aja milana avasara aayaa|| harSita tana mana se Aja sabhI, darzana pA Aja tumhaare| saGkAya pramukha bI.eca.yU. meM pada pAkara, garimA ko sAkAra kiye|| svayaM bar3he karttavya mArga para, sabako aisI dI jyoti / mAnoM koI ha~sa udadhi se cunakara lAyA ho motii|| kAMtimAna-ojasvI vyaktitva, sadA paricaya detA hai| dIna-dukhI kI pIr3AoM para inakA karuNa hRdaya rotA hai|| bAdhAoM se lar3ane kA inameM adbhuta sAhasa paayaa| parahita meM hI sadA kAryarata sukha pAtI inakI kaayaa|| mAnava sevA prabhu sevA hai, Izvara hai sAtha hmaare| rASTrapati se hue puraskRta, nita nava yaha sammAna mile|| svarNapadaka se rahe alaMkRta, karmaThatA kA varadAna mile| zAsana se gaurava mile, tumheM nija mAtRbhUmi kA mAna / / himagirI se unnata lalATa para mahimA maMDita zAna rhe| madhura bhAva se svIkAro mAmAjI ye zraddhA-sumana hamAre / / zrI kavi nandana lAla jaina zAstrI sevAnivRtta adhyApaka, pI 384, zivanagara, jabalapura ___121

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siddha-sArasvata harSa aura garva kI anubhUti kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI meM cAra dazakoM taka saMskRta vibhAga meM utkRSTa adhyApana karate hue vibhAgAdhyakSa evaM saGkAya pramukha jaise mahattvapUrNa padoM ko suzobhita karane vAle jaina dharma-darzana ke adhikArI vidvAn pro. DaoN. sudarzana lAla jaina na sirpha jaina samAja varan sampUrNa deza ke gauravaputra haiN| 44 zodhachAtroM ne Apake mArgadarzana meM mAnaka zodhakArya pUrNa karake pI-eca.DI. kI upAdhi prApta kii| Apane dharma darzana, adhyAtma para kaI maulika kRtiyoM, lekhoM ke sRjana ke sAtha hI aneka mahattvapUrNa granthoM kA sampAdana kiyA hai| jaina darzana evaM saMskRta, prAkRta bhASA ke saMrakSaNasaMvardhana ke liye Apane amerikA evaM siMgApura meM prabhAvazAlI vyAkhyAna diye| utkRSTa kAryoM hetu bhArata ke rASTrapati zrI praNava mukharjI dvArA Apako sammAnita kiyA gyaa| Apane akhila bhArata varSIya digambara jaina vidvat pariSad ke mahAmantrI pada para rahate hue saMsthA aura samAja-vikAsa hetu aneka mahattvapUrNa kArya kiye haiN| uparokta samasta upalabdhiyA~ Apane kisI kI baisAkhI ke sahAre nahIM varan apanI dRr3ha icchA zakti aura sAdhanA se prApta kI haiN| mujhe garva hai| hamAre vidvAn mAmAjI kI zikSA, prema va kRpA hama sabhI bhAMjoM para hamezA barasatI rahI hai| Apake 75veM janmotsava evaM isa avasara para prakAzita ho rahe abhinandana grantha siddha-sArasvata hetu zubhakAmanAe~ preSita karate hue maiM atyanta harSita evaM garvita huuN| Apa hama sabhI ke Adarza haiN| ApakA kRpApAtra bhAMjA - zrI pramoda jaina palaka gaisa ejensI, pATana (jabalapura) My most memorable visit to my Dadaji's (Dean's) Office I had one of my most memorable visits to India when I was 7 years old. One day around late morning, Daadi had decided that I would join her to see Dadaji at his Dean's office. I was ready for the responsibility of a big girl, so I strapped on my shoes and was ready to head out. When we arrived at the Dean's office inside the BHU campus, I immediately became anxious. I had never been to a place like this before. There were tall buildings surrounding me on all four sides, I was excited to explore, yet felt disoriented and slightly apprehensive. How would we find Dadaji amongst all these rooms? I immediately started to take off towards the wrong corner of the building only to have Daadi direct me in the opposite direction as I was letting my excitement get ahead of myself. When we came in the hallway that led to Dadaji's office, I saw a long line of students with notebooks in their hands anxiously whispering to each other. I was confused. Were they waiting to see Dadaji? Why did they look so worried? Were they in trouble? When we entered, I immediately ran towards Dadaji's desk. The desk was buried in papers and the same notebooks that the students were holding outside. It was a daunting sight, but behind all the papers, I saw Dadaji smile at me, and I was relieved that everything was alright. But the question of the students still bothered me. I asked him, "Why do all 122

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siddha-sArasvata your students look so scared of you?" It was then that Dadaji told me "The students sitting outside are not afraid of me, they are afraid of what they don't know. They face a fear of the unknown. They lose their resolve, because they don't know what to expect when they come in here to turn in their notebooks." "Well that's silly, I'll tell them that my Dadaji is the nicest person in the world and that they don't have to worry at all," I responded cheerily. "Thank you beta, but it is often the fact that anxiety grows into fear without us realizing it. It is important to always take a step back and evaluate what is it that you are really afraid of before entering a situation. It helps you maintain a clear head." Of course, at the age of 7, this was practically useless information. However, this conversation stuck with me for a long time, and as I grew older I began to understand what exactly Dadaji was trying to convey that day. Looking back now, this was probably the most important piece of advice I have ever received. Within two minutes Dadaji had changed my entire perception of the world. Although I was too young to recognize it at the time, it has certainly shaped a lot of my decision-making and character as an adult. I am thankful that Dadaji has helped me grow into a more introspective adult. It is something that I will forever admire Dadaji for. Ku. Archita Jain U.S.A. Dadaji is still in touch with his inner child Most of my memories with Dadaji are tied to the sticky heat of India in the summer, filled with storybooks and sweet mangoes and the best poha I've ever had, courtesy of my Dadi. As a result, this particular memory is especially unique, because it was one of the few times they visited us here in America. Dadaji and Dadi don't visit often, so whenever they do, we love to show them everything America has to offer. That year, we took them to the Grand Canyon, one of the most beautiful natural wonders I have had the honor to visit. Unfortunately, they had visited when the blossoming beauty of the Grand Canyon was muted by the grey dullness of winter. After a disappointing visit hiking up to the vista spot only to be greeted with a relatively unremarkable slab of rock, I was crushed that I was not able to show my Dadaji the beautiful view, and thought he felt the same. After all, he had hiked through mushy grey snow for nothing! As we hiked down, with faces fallen and embittered hearts, it began to snow anew. At that, I could not have imagine that day getting worse. And yet, I watched a smile grow on Dadaji's face as he watched the snowfall and wondered at the 123

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siddha-sArasvata beauty of this simple joy. His happiness was infectious, and I started enjoying the fresh snow. Soon enough, everyone was caught up playing in the fluff, and I even got to make snow angels with Dadaji. Dadaji is many things, and until then I had always seen him as a serious grown up, who had no time for childish silliness. But at that moment, he showed the depth and complexity of his character. He was mature enough to find the positive side of that disappointing day, but still in touch with his inner child, which I realized when he joined me in making a matching snow angel. He and I have shared many more special memories since. He is always moving forward, which is something I admire deeply about him since for me, it is so easy to get caught up in past events and let them hold me back from the things I want to pursue. This past summer, I helped him set up his new iPad and learn new functions on his Facebook. His room was sweltering and thick with humidity, but I forgot all of the discomfort of the heat as I laughed in response to his cool, dry humor and got caught up in his excitement to learn new things. Dadaji has always been a significant presence in my life, and there is a lot to be learned from him. It can be hard to recognize everything he has done and all the lessons sometimes because he rarely explains them verbally. Instead, it is his actions that ultimately guide me forward. Ku. Sanjita Jain Copertino, U.S.A. Discipline Nature You have a unique personality. You are a very disciplined person by nature. Such people should be there all over the country as they help in building the future of India. We are proud to have you with us who is so honourable and a great intellect. Shri Rishabh jain. Pune saMskRta-prAkRta ke purodhA mere apane mAmAjI manuSya kA paricaya usakI kartavya-niSThA, viveka-zIlatA tathA sadguNoM se hotI hai, bilkula usI taraha jaise dIpaka kA paricaya mATI se nahIM, jyoti se hai| suI kA paricaya laghutA se nahIM, karmaThatA tathA paraspara milAne se hai| phUloM kA paricaya usakI sundaratA evaM vividhatA se nahIM varan sugandha se hai| mere AtmIya sammAnIya mAmAjI DaoN. sudarzana lAla jaina kA vyaktitva ina sabhI guNoM se paripUrNa hai| sa jAto yena jAtena, yAti vaMzaH smunntim| parivartini saMsAre mRtaH, ko vA na jaayte|| 124

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siddha-sArasvata arthAt isa parivartanazIla saMsAra meM asaMkhya prANiyoM kA niraMtara janma-maraNa hotA hai lekina manuSya paryAya ko prApta karanA usI kA sArthaka hai jisane apanI jAti, vaMza evaM samAja kI unnati kI ho| aise hI navaratnoM meM parama AdaraNIya DaoN. sudarzana lAla jaina jI haiM, jinakA Adarza jIvana evaM unakA racanAtmaka kArya samAja ke samakSa anukaraNIya hai| 'guNAH sarvatra pUjyante' - zraddheya mAmAjI DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina bacapana se hI medhAvI tathA vinamra chAtra rahe haiN| zikSA ke kSetra kI sarvazreSTha upAdhi pI-eca.DI. saMskRta viSaya meM prApta karake rASTra kI jananI bhASA ke prati unhoMne apanI agAdha niSThA kA paricaya diyA hai| bhArata bhUmi meM sthita zikSA kI tapobhUmi banArasa hindU vizvavidyAlaya ko apanI karma-bhUmi banAkara lambe arase taka jJAna-pipAsu baTukoM ko jJAna-razmi se alokita kiyA hai| unake isI samarpaNa bhAva ko dekhate hue unheM deza-videza meM anekoM sammAna prApta huye| deza kA sarvazreSTha sammAna rASTrapati puraskAra prApta kara ApakI khyAti sarvatra vikIrNa huii| ApakA samagra jIvana sAhitya-sAdhanA kA pratIka hai| Apa hindI, saMskRta, prAkRta evaM aMgrejI Adi ke uccakoTi ke vidvAn haiN| inhoMne aneka granthoM kA lekhana, anuvAda, prakAzana, saMskRta evaM hindI meM karake samAja kA jo upakAra kiyA hai vaha kabhI bhulAyA nahIM jA sakatA hai| apanI tInoM bahinoM ke prati ApA agAdha prema rahA hai| hama sabhI unake uttarottara pragati kI kAmanA karate haiN| ApakA zikSAnurAga samAja meM satata bar3hatA rhe| zrI suzIla kumAra jaina (abbI) saparivAra upapaMjIyaka, kAryAlaya, jabalapura 125

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siddha-sArasvata maiM kauna hU~? ( sva jIvana vRtta) jaba maiM nizcayadRSTi yA paramArthadRSTi se vicAra karatA hU~ to maiM caitanya svarUpa AtmA hU~ jo jJAnAvaraNAdi dravyakarmoM tathA rAgadveSa rUpa bhAvakoM se sarvathA bhinna hai| sUkSma zarIra, (tejas aura kArmaNa zarIra) tathA sthUla zarIra (audArikAdi) se bhI sarvathA bhinna hai| avyAbAdha-atIndriya jJAna, Atmottha ananta darzana, vIrya aura sukha se abhinna hai| anAdi ananta tathA ajara-amara (jarA-janma-maraNa) Adi se rahita hai| parantu vyavahAra dRSTi se saMsArI jIva karma-nokarma se sahita hai, sUkSma aura sthUla zarIra se yukta hai| indriyajanya AMzika jJAnAdirUpa caitanya vAlA hai| jarA-janma-maraNa sApekSa (zarIrasApekSa) hai| isa taraha vyavahAra se aneka prakAra kA hai| saMsArI jIvoM meM maiM manuSya gati vAlA saMjJI (mana sahita) paMcendriya jIva huuN| mere sabhI daza prANa tathA chahoM paryAptiyA~ haiN| sUkSma zarIra ke sAtha sthUla audArika zarIra hai| ucca jaina bar3akula gotra hai| nAma nikSepa se mujhe sudarzana lAla jaina nAma se jAnate haiN| nAma nikSepa se mere mAtA-pitA haiM- sva. zrImatI sarasvatI devI jaina tathA sva. mAsTara zrI siddhelAla jain| pUrvaja jahA~ taka mujhe jJAta huA hai ki mere pUrvaja "zAhagar3ha" madhyapradeza ke rahane vAle the| yaha zAhagar3ha pahAr3I para eka choTA sA gA~va hai, ise ghaTiyA khAle vAlA zAhagar3ha bhI kahate haiN| yahA~ zyAmalI nadI bahatI hai| yaha bijAvara se 8 kilomITara dUra hai| pAsa meM hI hinduoM kA tIrthasthAna jaTAzaMkara hai jo chatarapura jile ke antargata AtA hai| yahA~ se eka rAstA vijAvara hote hue chatarapura jAtA hai| dUsarA rAstA haTA hote hue kuNDalapura (jaina tIrtha kSetra) bAMdakapura (hinduoM kA tIrthakSetra) tathA damoha kI ora jAtA hai| isa taraha yaha kSetra tIrthakSetroM se ghirA huA hai| zAhagar3ha svayaM bhI eka jaina atizaya kSetra hai| (gA~va vAloM se) sunane meM AyA hai ki Aja se 100-120 varSa pUrva dazalakSaNa parva (digambara jaina mahAparva/paryuSaNa parva)) ke samaya pratimA-maJjana karane vAle pujArI ne apane pApa ko chupAyA thA jisase bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI mUrti se itanA jalasrAva huA ki usa jala ko sukhAne meM eka thAna kapar3A laga gyaa| jaba usane apane pApa ke lie kSamA mAMgI tabhI vaha jalasrAva banda huaa| yahA~ kA mukhya dhandhA yA AjIvikA vanopaja thii| vanopaja meM cirauMjI aura mahuA pramukha the| gAya-bhaiMsa Adi dudhArU pazuoM kA pAlana poSaNa karate the jisase ghI Adi bhI unakI Aya kA mukhya srota thaa| yahA~ kI AbAdI jainaajaina ko milAkara karIba 300 ghara hI the| jainoM ke 60-70 ghara the jo Aja 4-5 ghara hI bace haiM, jo yahA~ ke jaina mandiroM kI dekhabhAla karate haiN| pahale yahA~ ke loga sampanna the aura yahA~ tIna mandira the| eka mandira 300 varSa purAnA thA jo sar3aka ke pAsa meM thaa| usake jIrNa-zIrNa ho jAne para vi.saM. 1914 meM mandira kI naI nIMva rakhI gii| Aja tInoM mandiroM kI mUrtiyA~ vahA~ se haTAkara gA~va ke madhya eka hI mandira meM tIna vediyA~ banA kara rakha dI gaI haiN| jinameM eka vedI bar3akuloM kI hai, eka vedI siMghaI kI tathA eka paMcAyatI hai| mUrtiyA~ bahuta haiM jinheM ina tInoM meM samAhita kara diyA gayA hai| mandira ke nAma se bahuta jamIna hai jisakA upayoga nahIM ho rahA hai| ise tIrthakSetra ke rUpa meM vikasita karake bhavya vizAla mandira va dharmazAlA Adi banAI jA sakatI hai| bar3akula khAnadAna ke zrI Ananda kumAra jaina evaM vinoda kumAra jaina yahA~ rahakara mandira kI dekhabhAla karate haiN| bar3akula upAdhi- hamAre pUrvajoM ne yahA~ para do mandira banavAe the aura unheM 'bar3akula' kI upAdhi se sammAnita kiyA gayA thaa| zrI Ananda kumAra jI bar3akula hamAre khAnadAna se hI sambandha rakhate haiN| DaoN. zrI nandalAla jaina (rIvA~ nivAsI) bhI hamAre hI khAnadAna ke haiN| maiM DaoN. dharmacanda ke sAtha do bAra yahA~ AyA hU~ parantu isa itihAsa meM ruci na lene se Aja saba vismRta ho gayA hai| jaba pahalI bAra yahA~ AyA thA taba loga saba itihAsa jAnate the| maiMne yahA~ jaba apane pitAjI kA nAma lekara paricaya diyA to unhoMne mujhe pahacAna kara bhojana karAyA aura ghaTanAyeM sunaaiiN| dUsarI bAra maiM apanI patnI DaoN. manoramA ko bhI sAtha le gyaa| maiMne vahA~ rU. 5000 dAna diyA jisase pUjA meM vighna na Ave tathA koI muni isakA vikAsa kareM to merA pUrA sahayoga rahegA, aisA vacana dekara A gyaa| Aja bhI maiM hRdaya se isa sthAna ke vikAsa kI kAmanA karatA huuN| zAhagar3ha se bAMdakapura, banagA~va hote hue damoha Agamana eka bAra zAhagar3ha meM phasala kharAba ho jAne ke kAraNa Arthika taMgI A gaI jisase vahA~ ke kucha jaina bAMdakapura 126

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siddha-sArasvata A ge| mere pUjya pitAjI bhI saparivAra bAMdakapura A ge| yahA~ eka makAna sar3aka kinAre le liyaa| taba se mere pitAjI bAMdakapura vAle kahalAne lge| Aja bhI mujhe bAMdakapura kI dhuMdhalI sI yAda hai| isake pUrva kI koI yAda nahIM hai| yahA~ maiM kAgaja kI nAva banAkara ghara ke bAhara barasAtI pAnI meM khelA karatA thaa| usa samaya umra karIba 3 varSa rahI hogii| isake bAda bailagAr3I dvArA kuluA kumhArI meM A gae kyoMki pitAjI kA vahA~ TrAMsaphara ho gayA thaa| vahA~ pitAjI ke sAtha unake skUla jAte aura khelate rahate the, kucha sIkhate the| gA~va ke bAjAra meM saMtare kI mIThI TAphiyA~ kharIdakara khAyA karate the| kuluA kumhArI kA ghara, skUla aura bAjAra Aja bhI AMkhoM meM tairate haiN| yahIM se Age kI smRti spaSTa hotI gii| yahA~ se pitAjI kA TrAMsaphara banagA~va (haTA-damoha ke rAste meM ) ho gyaa| yahA~ ke ghara kA tathA skUla kA nakzA Aja bhI AMkhoM meM spaSTa sA jhUlatA hai| yahIM para maiMne skUla jAnA prArambha kiyA parantu regulara nhiiN| pitAjI ke sAtha skUla jAte the aura pahalI kakSA meM baiThate the| kucha samaya bAda pitAjI kA TrAMsaphara eka aise-gA~va meM kara diyA gyaa| jahA~ jaina mandira nahIM hone se pitAjI ne vahA~ jAne se manA kara diyaa| ve prAyamarI ke heDamAsTara the| pitAjI kI carcA prAya: samAja ke tIna heDamAsTaroM ke sAtha hotI thI- paM. hajArI lAla jaina (baMr3A belaI), mAsTara thambanalAla jaina tathA mAsTara siddhelAla jain| usa samaya damoha meM jaina samAja ke pratiSThita seTha the zrI gulAbacaMda jaina unakA prazAsana para bhI prabhutva thaa| unake prayAsa se pitAjI kA TrAMsaphara banagA~va se damoha ke dharmapurA skUla meM ho gyaa| isa taraha pitAjI damoha nagara pAlikA ke andara A gae parantu isake lie unheM heDamAsTara kA pada tyAganA pdd'aa| hama loga saparivAra damoha A gae aura eka kirAe ke makAna meM (purAne thAne ke pIche mallapurA) rahane lge| pAsa meM hI do-tIna jaina mandira the tathA seThajI kA ghara bhI pAsa meM thA, saTI huI eka choTI pahAr3I thI, jahA~ hinduoM kA mandira thaa| Aja vaisA hI hai| ghara se skUla karIba 2-3 ki.mI. dUra thaa| pitA jI sAIkila se skUla jAte the| sAtha meM mujhe bhI Age baiThAkara skUla le jAte the, vahA~ merA vidhivat kakSA eka meM nAma likhavA diyaa| kakSA do ke bAda maiM paidala skUla jAne lgaa| ghara para koI na hone se maiM prAya: seTha jI ke suputra zrI sumata seTha ke sAtha khelane calA jAtA thaa| sabhI samakakSa the| isa taraha merA seTha jI ke parivAra ke sAtha ghaniSTha sambandha bhI ho gyaa| prAyaH vahIM bhojana bhI kara liyA karatA thA kyoMki pitAjI ke sAtha kevala maiM rahatA thA parivAra kA koI anya sadasya nahIM rahatA thaa| pitA jI ke TrAMsaphara aba damoha ke hI skUloM meM hone lage jisase sthAyI rUpa se damoha nivAsI bana ge| pitAjI kI karmaThatA, vidvattA, anuzAsanapriyatA, niyamitatA aura prazAsana kuzalatA dekhakara unheM punaH pradhAnAdhyApaka banA diyaa| isake bAda ve I. 1962 meM sevAnivRtta ho ge| damoha ke pUrva pitAjI sAgara jile evaM damoha (pUrva meM damoha sAgara jile meM hI thA) jile ke gA~voM meM par3hAyA karate the, unameM se kucha sthanoM ke nAma mujhe yAda haiM- nohaTA, haTA, lakhanAdauna, bAMdakapura, kuluA kumhArI, lakharaunI vanagA~va aadi| pitAjI ne sevAnivRtti ke do varSa pUrva (I. 1960) meM eka purAnA makAna sivilavArDa (tInagullI) meM sAgara ror3a para kharIda liyaa| usa samaya maiM bI.eca.yU. meM bI.e. kI par3hAI kara rahA thaa| pitAjI adhyApana kAla meM chAtroM ko TyUzana ke mAdhyama se bhI par3hAyA karate the| jo bacce par3hate nahIM the unheM rAste para lAne meM ve mAhira the| ata: bahuta loga unake pAsa apane bacce TyUzana hetu bhejate the| samAja meM sammAna thA yaha kArya unakA sevAnivRtti ke bAda bhI cAlU rhaa| pitAjI ne isake sAtha do kArya aura zurU kie jisase Arthika parezAnI na ho(1) ghara para baiThe-baiThe ravivAra ko bAjAra ke dina kisAnoM dvArA lAI gaI poTaliyoM kA gallA (gehUM, canA, Adi) kharIda lete aura use alpa mArjina para beca dete the| kabhI-kabhI ghATA bhI ho jAtA thaa| (2) garIboM tathA jarUratamanda logoM kI madada hetu choTI-moTI sAhUkArI bhI karane lge| koI bartana rakha jAtA, koI gahanA rakha jaataa| maiMne isa kArya hetu manA kiyA to kahate the, beTe! itane kama byAja para inheM koI paisA nahIM degA, kabhIkabhI byAja nahIM bhI letA huuN| kabhI-kabhI nakalI jevara bhI rakha jAte the| unheM apanI garIbI yAda thI isIlie paropakAra kI bhAvanA se sahayoga karate the aura apanI AjIvikA calAte the| merI adhyayana-adhyApana yAtrA adhyayana - dharmapurA skUla se kakSA cAra (pahale prAyamarI kakSA cAra taka hotI thI) prathama zreNI meM pAsa karane ke bAda pitA jI mujhe apanI taraha mAsTara banAne ke uddezya se samIpastha skUla meM praveza dilAne le gye| parantu vahA~ prAta:kAlIna ziphTa meM praveza pitAjI ko maJjUra nahIM thA kyoMki unakA skUla dopahara kI ziphTa meM thaa| isake atirikta nArmala TreniMga skUla 127

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siddha-sArasvata meM praveza ke lie merI umra kama thii| pahale sAtavIM ke bAda nArmala TreniMga hotI thii| vyavasthA banatI na dekha pitAjI ne kaTanI ke zrI zAntiniketana jaina saMskRta vidyAlaya meM bhejane kA vicAra kiyaa| saMyoga se paM. jaganmohanalAla zAstrI (prAcArya kaTanI vidyAlaya) damoha Ae aura pitAjI ke anurodha para I. 1953 meM kaTanI ke jaina vidyAlaya meM le jAkara borDiga meM bhartI kara diyaa| yahA~ rahakara maiMne I. 1956 meM prathamA tathA 1958 meM pUrva madhyamA (kakSA 10) pAsa kii| isake bAda julAI 1958 meM morAjI sAgara par3hane A gyaa| yahA~ para maiM mAtra eka varSa rahA, uttara madhyamA prathama khaNDa ke sAtha dhArmika parIkSAyeM uttIrNa kii| yahIM se prAIveTa jainanyAya madhyamA aura nyAyatIrtha parIkSA bhI uttIrNa kii| usa samaya yahIM para paM. dayAcanda jI (bar3e paM. jI pracArya), paM. pannAlAla jI, paM. mANika canda jI tathA choTe paM. dayAcanda jI adhyApana karate the| paM. mANikacandra kA mujha para kucha adhika sneha thA parantu ve kar3e anuzAsana priya the| yahA~ se maiM akelA hI julAI 1959 meM zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya vArANasI A gyaa| yahA~ paM. kailAzacanda jI pracArya tathA dharmAdhyApaka the| yahA~ rahakara sAhitya viSaya se uttara madhyamA tathA iMTara parIkSA uttIrNa kI, isake uparAnta mujhe kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM bI.e. dvitIya varSa (Anarsa) meM praveza mila gyaa| usI varSa se bI.e. meM tIna varSIya pAThayakrama prArambha huA thA aura jo iMTara (bArahavIM) pAsa karake Ate the unheM sIdhe bI.e. dvitIya varSa meM praveza mila jAtA thA tathA hAyara sekeNDarI (gyArahavIM) vAle ko bI.e. prathama varSa meN| bAda meM iNTara vAloM ko bhI bI.e. prathama varSa meM praveza milane lgaa| bI.e. kA nayA korsa adhika thA- tIna anivArya viSaya aMgrejI, hindI evaM janarala ejUkezana the tathA tIna aicchik| vaikalpika viSayoM meM ucca zreNI ke aMka lAne para bI.e. Anarsa kI DigrI milatI thii| maiMne darzana, pAli aura saMskRta ko vaikalpika viSaya ke rUpa meM cunA thaa| bI.e. dvitIya varSa meM maiM meriTa lisTa meM caturtha sthAna para thA tathA tRtIya varSa meM (phAinala meM) dvitIya sthAna para thaa| isase maiM kaoNleja meM prasiddha ho gayA aura saba adhyApakoM kA cahetA bana gyaa| isa taraha I. 1962 meM maiMne bI.e. Anarsa parIkSA uttIrNa kii| jaba bI.e. kA rijalTa nyUja pepara meM AyA taba maiM pitAjI ke ghara para bartana sApha kara rahA thaa| bar3I prasannatA huI, sabhI ne badhAI dii| parantu koI jazna nahIM, pArTI nahIM huii| Age adhyayana karane kI balavatI icchA ho jAne se maiM punaH vArANasI A gayA parantu ema.e. meM praveza lene kI tithi eksapAyara ho gaI thii| jisase maiM bar3A udAsa ho gyaa| maiMne darzana zAstra aura saMskRta viSaya meM praveza pAne hetu do prArthanA patra likhe jinheM kramaza: darzanazAstra aura saMskRta ke vibhAgAdhyakSoM se saMstuta karAyA gayA thaa| guNagrAhI kulapati ne donoM viSayoM meM icchAnusAra praveza kI anumati de dii| aba dUsarI samasyA yaha thI ki merI umra pravezArhatA se eka varSa kama thI parantu vahIM eka anya niyamAnusAra vahIM se uttIrNa chAtroM para vaha niyama lAgU nahIM hotA thA jisase mujhe praveza kI anumati mila gii| maiMne saMskRta se ema.e. karane kI icchA se vahA~ sana 1962 meM praveza le liyaa| mere mitra zrI pRthvI kumAra agravAla, jo prasiddha pro. vAsudeva zaraNa agravAla ke suputra the tathA jinhoMne bI.e. meM prathama sthAna prApta kiyA thA, unhoMne prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa aura saMskRti vibhAga meM praveza liyaa| ema.e. prathama varSa saMskRta meM mujhe prathama sthAna milA parantu aMtima varSa meM punaH dvitIya sthAna prApta kiyaa| maiMne dvitIya varSa meM darzana grUpa liyA aura I. 1964 meM ema.e. parIkSA uttIrNa karake zodha hetu pI-eca.DI. meM rajisTrezana kraayaa| I. 1967 meM pI-eca.DI. kI upAdhi mila gii| adhyApana - pI-eca.DI. kI upAdhi milane ke pUrva hI merI vardhamAna kAleja bijanaura meM lekcarara pada para niyukti ho gaI, yU.jI.sI. se chAtravRtti bhI agrima zodha hetu svIkRta ho gii| apane zodha nidezaka tathA saMskRta vibhAgAdhyakSa prophesara siddhezvara mahAcArya kI anumati se maiMne vardhamAna kAleja, bijanaura meM dinAMka 5.9.1967 ko saMskRta vibhAga meM jvAina kara liyaa| isake bAda meraTha kAleja se tathA madhyapradeza prazAsana se mujhe vahA~ ke zAsakIya kaoNleja meM jvAina karane hetu niyukti patra mile| anya sthAnoM se bhI niyukti hetu oNphara Ae parantu mere saubhAgya se usI samaya bI.eca.yU. vArANasI se bhI niyukti patra A gayA aura maiMne vahA~ vizvaprasiddha kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, kalA saGkAya ke saMskRta-pAli vibhAga meM dinAMka 12 agasta 1968 ko jvAina kara liyaa| mere mitra pRthvI kumAra agravAla ne bhI mere sAtha apane-apane viSaya meM eka sAtha pI-eca.DI. kI upAdhi aura lekcararazipa jvAina kii| mere paramAdaraNIya guru pro. siddhezvara bhaTTAcArya kI mere Upara bar3I anukampA rahI jisake phalasvarUpa bijanaura se 11 mAha bAda puna: bI.eca.yU. meM A gyaa| dhIre-dhIre maiM do bAra (1992-95 evaM 2003 se 2006) saMskRta vibhAgadhyakSa bnaa| rIDara (7.2.1984) aura prophesara ke (7.2.1992) ke padoM para kramazaH AsIna hote hue I. 1.2.2004 meM kalA saGkAya kA DIna (saGkAya pramukha) bnaa| DIna pada tathA saMskRta vibhAgAdhyakSa donoM padoM se eka sAtha sevAnivRtta (31 mArca 128

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siddha-sArasvata 2006) huaa| vizvavidyAlaya ke niyamAnusAra 30 jUna 2006 taka eksaTeMzana diyA gyaa| kulapati pada hetu nAmAMkana - isake uparAnta madhyapradeza tathA rAjasthAna se kulapati pada hetu phAInala sarca painala meM nAmAMkana huA parantu asvasthatA (bAipAsa sarjarI aura cikanaguniyA) ke kAraNa maiMne tadartha vicAra tyAga diyA aura rAjyapAla ke AmaMtraNa para vahA~ unase milane nahIM jA skaa| sevAnivRtti ke bAda - pArzvanAtha vidyApITha meM DAyarekTara, bhopAla Agamana aura isa abhinandana grantha kA sUtrapAta sevAnivRtti ke bAda svastha hone para mArca 2010 se apraila 2012 taka pArzvanAtha vidyApITha meM zodha nidezaka (DAyarekTara) ke rUpa meM kArya kiyA tathA vahA~ se nikalane vAlI zramaNa' patrikA kA sampAdana kiyaa| isake bAda anya AmaMtraNa mile parantu unheM svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| svAsthyagata samasyAoM ke kAraNa merI DaoNkTara beTI manISA jaina ne bhopAla (jUna 2014) meM bulA liyA, jisase merI vRddhAvasthA ke samaya dekharekha ho ske| yahA~ lAlaghATI ke pAsa eka phlaiTa meM hama rahane lge| nadIzvara jinAlaya pAsa meM hone se devArAdhanA meM mana ramA liyA parantu zaikSaNika gatividhiyA~ manda ho gii| dhIredhIre samAja se paricaya bddh'aa| saMyoga se isI jinAlaya meM AcArya vizuddhasAgara jI kA caimAsA sthApita huaa| ve mujhase aura merI vidvatA se paricita the kyoMki maiMne inake guru AcArya zrI virAgasAgara jI ke samyagdarzana grantha kA susampAdana kiyA thaa| unhoMne merI vidvatA Adi kI yahA~ prazaMsA kI jisase yahA~ logoM ne bhI mujhe sammAna denA zurU kara diyaa| dazalakSaNa parva para pravacana tathA tattvArthasUtra kA vAcana kiyaa| yahIM merA paricaya nandIzvara jaina mandira ke adhyakSa zrI pramoda caidharI jI se huaa| ve bhI mujhe sammAna dene lage, Aja bhI bahuta Adara dete haiN| isI bIca paramAdaraNIya pratiSThAcArya paM. zrI vimala kumAra sorayA jI bhopAla padhAre kyoMki unakA eka putra DaoN. sarvajJa jaina yahIM para rahatA hai| unase merA sAmAnya paricaya thaa| dhIre-dhIre ve mere aura merI patnI DaoN. manoramA jaina ke vaiduSya se paricita hue| unhoMne samAja meM hama donoM kI vidvattA tathA sAdagI kI prazaMsA kii| unhoMne julAI-agasta 2017 meM vItarAga vANI ke aMka meM merA paricaya chApa diyA aura mere abhinandana grantha prakAzana kI usameM ghoSaNA bhI kara dii| mArcaapraila 2018 ke aMka se mujhe vItarAga vANI kA viziSTa sampAdaka bhI banA diyaa| unakA mere prati asIma prema, Agraha tathA anukampA hai jisake phalasvarUpa yaha abhinandana grantha prakAzita ho rahA hai| maiM unakA sadaiva AbhArI rhuuNgaa| pitA zrI sva. siddhelAla jaina kI vaMzAvalI pitAzrI siddhelAla jaina bar3akula ke mAtA-pitA kA nAma thA zrImatI pyArIbAI jaina tathA zrI jagannAthaprasAda jain| zrI jagannAtha prasAda jI cAra bhAI the jinameM ye sabase choTe the- zrI gulajArI lAla, natthUlAla, nannUlAla aura jagannAtha prasAda jii| gulajArIlAla ke tIna putra the- acchelAla, mulAmacanda aura nemcndr| natthUlAla ke do putra the- nemacandra aura udayacanda (uddii)| nannUlAla ne vivAha nahIM kiyA thaa| jagannAthaprasAda ke do putra aura eka putrI thI- mAdhava prasAda (prabhAcandra), siddhelAla aura sundriibaaii| nannUlAla ke avivAhita hone se unakI vaMza paramparA Age nahIM clii| gulajArI lAla kI Age kI paramparA jJAta nahIM hai| natthUlAla bAMdakapura A gae aura unakI vaMza paramparA jJAta hai| natthUlAla kI 7 saMtAneM (2 putra 5 putriyA~) haiM- nemacandra (patnI, kusuma), udayacandra (patnI, prabhA), zAnti (pati lIlAdhara, damoha), kapUrI (pati girIza sagarA), godA (pati mulAma, bAMdakapura), sulocanA (pati indrakumAra netAjI), aura sonA (pati azoka, jabalapura) nemacandra kI tIna kanyAyeM haiM-savitA (pati candra kumAra, ciramirI), anItA (pati dineza, narasiMgapurA) aura babalI (pati lakSmIcaMda dmoh)| udayacanda ke tIna putra haiM- rajanIza (patnI sImA), manISa (patnI dIpA) aura saMdIpa (patnI spnaa)| jagannAtha prasAda kI vaMza-paramparA meM mAdhavaprasAda urpha prabhAcanda panAgara cale ge| ve saMskRta aura jainAgama ke acche vidvAn the| Apane gayA meM rahakara adhyayana kiyA thaa| unake 3-4 grantha Aja bhI mere pAsa surakSita haiN| inakA bahuta jaldI (28-29 varSa meM) svArgavAsa ho gyaa| inakI patnI kA nAma thA subhadrA aura ekamAtra putra kA nAma thA sureshcNdr| inakA bhI I. 1981 meM jaldI svargavAsa ho gyaa| inakI eka AMkha meM phulI ho gaI thii| inakI patnI kA nAma hai camelI, jo Aja 10 pratimAdhArI haiN| inakI 8 (5 putra aura 3 putriyA~) saMtAneM haiM - ravi (patnI razmi), rAkeza (patnI rAjazrI), rAjendra (patnI zobhA), rajanIza (munidIkSA AcArya vidyAsAgara ke saGghastha sambhavasAgara), rUpeza (patnI monA), suSamA (pati prakAzacaMdra, bAMdA), vandanA (pati saMdIpa, jabalapura) aura nIlimA (pati abhaya, saagr)| zrI jagannAtha prasAda kI putrI kA nAma thA sundarIbAI (pati brajalAla jaina bar3akula, nohttaa)| sundarIbAI kA eka putra, tIna putriyA~ 4 santAneM haiN| ganezI, kezara, premabAI aura kalAbAI (kllo)| 129

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siddha-sArasvata zrI jagannAtha prasAda ke dvitIya putra kA nAma thA zrI siddhelAla jaina (patnI srsvtii)| inakI 7 santAneM huii| eka garbha meM hI mA~ sarasvatI ke sAtha vi. saM. 2000 meM svargastha ho gii| do kanyAyeM janma ke bAda zIghra hI svarga sidhAra gii| tIna putriyA~ aura eka putra 4 santAneM jIvita rahIM- trizalA (pati siM. rUpacandra khamariyA), zAnti (pati siM. dIpacanda rahalI), lalitA (pati siM. devacanda netA jI, pATana) aura sudarzanalAla (patnI mnormaa)| inameM se Aja do bahinoM kA svargavAsa ho gayA hai-zrImatI trizalA (3.6.2012 meM) tathA zrImatI lalitA (pharavarI 1995 meM) tInoM dAmAda bhI Aja jIvita nahIM sva.zrImatI trizalA jaina kI 6 (4+2) saMtAne haiM- santoSa (patnI suzIlA), nandanalAla (patnI sva. zazI), uttama (patnI munnI), pavana (patnI mInA), gullI (pati mahendra damoha) tathA bebI urpha mamatA (pati subhASa ,jblpur)| santoSa kI koI saMtAna nahIM hai| nandana mAsTara kI 3 (1+2) tIna saMtAneM haiM- siddhArtha urpha golDI (patnI zephAlI), zikhA (pati saMdIpa) aura nizA (pati sudesh)| uttama kI 3 (2+1) saMtAneM hai -sonU urpha abhiSeka (patnI zilpI), saurabha (patnI priyaMkA) aura samIkSA (pati aNkur)| pavana 3 (2+1) saMtAne haiM-paMkaja, priMsa aura monaa| zrImatI zAnti jaina kI 6 (2+4) saMtAneM haiM-vinoda (patnI puSpA), avvI urpha suzIla (patnI sunItA), guDDo urpha sulocanA (pati hukamacaMdra, pathariyA), munnI urpha saroja (pati kamala sarApha, pathariyA) maNi (pati-mahendra, devarI) aura mInA urpha jyoti (vivAha nahIM karAyA AryikA sambhavamati banI, saGghastha AryikA vijnyaanmti| dIkSA lI san 2000 dIpAvalI ke dina, zikharajI meN)| zAnti ke pati kI pUrva patnI se 2 kanyAyeM thIM -bar3I binnA (sAgara) aura kraanti| sva. zrImatI lalitA jaina kI cAra santAneM haiM-saroja (pati mulAyama, zahapurA bhiTaunI), sva. oMkAra (patnI samatA), sva. mAnaka (patnI uSA), pramoda (patnI varSA), subodha (ptnii-raajul)| pramoda kI 2 saMtAneM haiM- pArasa urpha prasUna tathA palaka urpha saumyaa| inakI pATana meM palaka gaisa ejensI hai aura jabalapura nivAsI bana gae haiN| lalitA ke sasura sva. siM. zrI amIracanda jaina 10 pratimAdhArI tathA bahuta zAnta pariNAmI the| DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina kI 4 (tIna putra aura eka putrI) santAneM haiM- DaoN. saMdIpa (patnI-arcanA), saMjaya (patnI DaoN. AratI), abhiSeka (patnI-nIlU) tathA DaoN. manISA (pati DaoN. ajaya jain)| saMdIpa kI do kanyAyeM haiM- arcitA aura svsti| saMjaya kI bhI do kanyAyeM haiM- saMjitA aura saMskRti / abhiSeka kI eka kanyA hai- anisskaa| manISA kI do kanyAyeM haiM- aMjali aura sRsstti| sabhI par3ha rahI haiN| sudarzana kA parivAra nimna prakAra haibahuyeM - arcanA, DaoN. AratI, nIlU, phUphA - brajalAla bar3akula, buA - sundarI bAI, mAmA - bhAgacanda, mAmI - sumatarAnI, mausI - kastUrI, nAnI- nAma jJAta nahIM nAnA - mUlacanda, bahanoI - siM. sva. rUpacaMda, sva. siM. dIpacaMda aura sva. zrI devcnd| bahineM - sva. zrImatI trizalA, zrImatI zAnti, sva. zrImatI llitaa| cAcA - mAdhavaprasAda, urpha prabhAcandra nAtineM - aMjali, sRSTi potiyA~ - arcitA, saMjitA, svasti, saMskRti, aniSkA pApA - sva. zrI siddhelAla mAsTara mA~ - sva. zrImatI sarasvatI devI dAdA - jagannAtha prasAda dAdI - sva. zrImatI pyArI bAI bhAneja - santoSa, nandana, uttama, pavana, vinoda, suzIla, sva. oMkAra, sva. mAnaka, pramoda, subodha 130

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siddha-sArasvata bhanejana - gullI, bebI, maNi, sulocanA, munnI, mInA, saroja dAmAda - DaoN. ajaya, putrI - DaoN. manISA, putra - DaoN. saMdIpa, saMjaya, abhissek| cacere bhAI - sva. zrI surezacanda, nemacanda, udycnd| cacere bhatIje- ravi, rAkeza, rAjendra, rajanIza, rUpeza, manISa, saMdIpa, rajanIza dvitiiy| cacerI bhatIjine - suSamA, vandanA, nIlimA, savitA, anItA, bblii| bar3akula vaMza- parasara gulajArI lAsa jaina rabUlAla jai sU lAla (sadI nahIM kii| jAnAtha prasAda jaina (NArI bAI) acchelAla mulAmacara nemacaMda nemacana udaracara rAti pUrI goda mulocanA sotA. mAdhava prasAda prabhAcaMda (subhA ) sundAbAda saMcitA anaMta balI rajanIza manISa saMdIpa (bajalAla bahakula) siddhelAla Ina (marasvatI) susaMzacanda balakula (camelI) gamezA kezara macAI kalAghArca ravi (rami) surumaH (prakAsa) kalA nIlama (sandISa) (abhaya) rAjendra (zodha) galIza peza muni saMbhava sAgara (maMga) (rAjA zAni lalitA vizAlA (rUpacanda) mudAni (manoramA) (dIpacanda) (devacanda) saMgopa na dana uttamapallI uttama vinoda (pumA) accI (sunItA) maNimulocana (mahendra) (samacanda) . munI sAMgA (kamala) (ArthikA saMbhavamanI mAtAjI) oMkAra (samatA) mAlaka pramoda (varSa) mubodha gajala) (mulAyama) manISA jaina saMdIpa jaina (arcanA) saMjaya jaina (AratI) abhiSeka jaina (nIlA (ajaya) anikA aciMtA svasti saMjitA saMskRti ali saMdhi vizeSa-(1) vezabahakula sAvarahI gotra, goila jAti parajA jaina dizA (2) bodhaka maiM jIyA patikAnAma hai| mUla nivAsa-sAgara jalAzakara) jilA chatarapura (ma.pra.), vartamAna nivAsa - bhopAla (ma.pra.) sudarzana ke parivAra - (putra,putrI, vahU, dAmAda evaM santAnoM) kA paricaya(1) DaoN. saMdIpa jaina - saMdIpa kA janma I. 28.09.1967 ko damoha meM apane dAdA jI ke ghara huA thaa| bI.eca.yU. vArANasI se bI.Teka (kampUTara sAinsa, golDa meDala) karane ke bAda I. 1988-1991 taka sI.Deka pUnA meM supara kampyUTara para kAma kiyaa| poliyo ke kAraNa vaizAkhI kA sahArA lekara vaha amerikA pI-eca.DI. karane calA gyaa| I. 1996 meM 131

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siddha-sArasvata pI-eca.DI. kaparane ke bAda eca.pI. kampanI meM sarvisa kI pazcAt anyatra kArya karate hue sisko kampanI meM kAryarata hai jahA~ vaha sIniyara mainejara kI pojIzana meM hai| kaI pepara usake peTenTa hue| isa samaya amerikA meM sArATogA, keliphorniyA meM raha rahA hai apane parivAra ke saath| bahuta himmatI aura khuddAra hai| dharma premI, saMskAravAn, mAtR-pitR bhakta hai| usakI zAdI vArAsivanI, bAlAghATa (ma.pra.) nivAsI arcanA (janma 15.04.1969) ke sAtha huii| zAdI ke bAda vaha bhI amerikA apane pati ke pAsa calI gii| vahA~ apane pati kI sevA ke sAtha hindI aura dharma par3hAne kA kArya kiyaa| peMTiMga usakI hAvI hai aura kucha peMTiMga penTenTa bhI hai| dhArmika aura sAmAjika evaM vyavahAra kuzala hai| usakI do santAne haiM ku. arcitA aura ku. svasti / arcitA (janma 05.05.1997) isa samaya vAsTana kamyUTara se posTa grejuesana kara cukI hai| aMgrejI hindI speniza bhASAoM kA jJAna hai| kaI puraskAra mila cuke haiN| phuTavAla aura zodha meM ruci hai| auratoM ke svAsthya saMbaMdhI projekTa peTenTa hai| svasti (janma 02.03.2004, sena jose) isa samaya kakSA navamI kI chAtrA hai| bharatanATyama meM puraskAra milA hai| do projekTa peTeMTa haiN| hindI aMgrejI ke sAtha phraiMca bhI jAnatI hai| gAnA evaM DAMsa meM ruci (2) zrI saMjaya kumAra jaina - (janma 30.08.1970, vArANasI) bI.eca.yU., vArANasI se ema.sI.e. parIkSApAsa kI hai| isa samaya amerikA meM sisko kampanI meM sIniyara priMsapala sAphTaveyara iMjinIyara hai| isake pUrva TI.sI.esa pUnA meM tathA TI.AI.epha.Ara. mumbaI meM novela tathA moTorolA meM kArya kiyaa| sporTsa aura kukiMga meM hAvI hai| do peTenTa haiN| AratI pIDiyATrika aspatAla meM ko-onara hai| isakA vivAha dinAMka 27.11.1996 meM DaoN. AratI (janma 14.10.1970) ke sAtha huaa| AratI ne ilinAya vizvavidyAlaya sikAgo se ema.eDa. karake oskI pIDieTiksa meM pArTaTAima kAma kiyA pazcAt 2014 meM svayaM kA aspatAla khola diyaa| hindI, aMgrejI ke sAtha telagU bhASA kA jJAna hai| bharatanATyam meM vizeSajJatA hai| usakI do santAne haiM ku. saMjitA aura ku. sNskRti| saMjitA (janma 30.04.1999) sAntAklerA, yU.esa.) bAyokemisTrI aura molekyulara bAyolAjI viSaya lekara kailiphorniyA vizvavidyAlaya se becalarsa kI paDhAI kara rahI hai| kitAbeM par3hanA, bekiMga, kukiMga aura kucIpuDI nRtya meM vizeSa ruci hai| dUsarI putrI saMskRti (janma 09.08.2006, Denavara yU.esa.) isa sama.ya lAsana skUla meM sAtavIM kakSA meM par3ha rahI hai| jimnAsTika, nRtya aura bAskeTabAla meM vizeSa ruci hai| nRtya meM puraskAra bhI mile haiN| (3) zrI abhiSeka kumAra jaina - (janma 03.03.1978, vArANasI) isa samaya muMbaI meM mahendrA eNDa mahendrA kampanI meM bijanisa heDa (phAinensa) hai| bI.eca.yU. se ema.bI.e. karane ke bAda sarvaprathama mAtA insyorensa kampanI meM pazcAt emabiTa kampanI meM kAma kiyaa| dinAMka 02.12.2009 meM isakI zAdI nIlU (janma 05.09.1981, rAMcI) jaina ke sAtha huI jo usa samaya ema.bI.e. karake sundaram kampanI meM kArya kara rahI thii| isa samaya bahU nIla jaina bhI mahendrA eNDa mahendrA kampanI ke myucuala phaMDa meM eriyA mainejara hai| isI eka aniSkA (janma 21.03.2013, mumbaI) nAma kI kanyA hai jo kakSA eka meM mumbaI meM par3ha rahI hai| (4) DaoN. manISA jaina - (janma 15.07.1974, devarI) ne grAnTa meDikala kAleja se ema.bI.bI.esa. karane ke bAda DI.jI.o. tathA DI.ena.bI. kiyaa| kucha varSoM taka pIpulsa meDikala kAleja meM kAma karane ke bAda Aja vidizA (ma.pra.) ke sarakArI meDikala kAleja meM asisTeMTa prophesara hai| sikA vivAha 02.12.2001 meM baccoM ke sarjana DaoN. ajaya jaina (janma 27.03.1971, bhopAla) ke sAtha kiyA gyaa| isakI do santAne haiM - aJjali aura sRsstti| aJjali (janma 10.04.2004, vArANasI) isa samaya kakSA dasavIM meM hai| tathA sRSTi (janma 06.01.2006, bhopAla) kakSA sAtavIM meN| donoM par3hane meM bahuta teja haiN| hamezA kakSA meM prathama-dvitIya rahatI haiN| DAMsa meM ruci hai| kaI puraskAra mila cuke haiN| mere mAtA-pitA kI jIvana yAtrA mere pitA zrI mAsTara siddhelAla jaina, bar3akula kA janma vi. saM. 1961 meM phAlguna sudI aSTamI ke dina (4 akTUbara 1905) ko huA thaa| yaha jainiyoM ke mahAparva aSTAhnika kA prathama dina thaa| Apake pitAjI zrI jagannAtha prasAda ko mIThA bahuta pasanda thA tathA ve paropakAra svabhAvI the| eka bAra gA~va meM plega kI bImArI phaila gaI taba Apa eka bImAra vyakti ko ilAja hetu ghor3e para baiThAkara zahara le jA rahe the ki Apako bhI plega ne jakar3a liyaa| phalasvarUpa usa vyakti ke sAtha mere dAdAjI kA bhI san 1911 meM svargavAsa ho gyaa| usa samaya (dAdA jI kI mRtyu ke samaya) hamAre pitA jI kI Ayu mAtra 5-6 varSa thii| hamArI dAdI pyArIbAI bahuta jyAdA solA karatI thiiN| dhArmika kriyAoM kA bahuta dRr3hatA se pAlana karatI thiiN| 132

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siddha-sArasvata bhojana banAte samaya yA bhojana karate samaya yadi koI unheM chU letA thA to phira ve dhule zuddha kapar3e badalakara puna: nayA bhojana banAtI thiiN| yadi koI kuMe ke pATa para A jAtA thA to ve punaH pUrA pATa dhokara hI jala bharakara lAtI thiiN| jala se dhulI lakar3I se bhojana pakAtI thiiN| arthAt zuddhatA ke sAtha chuAchUta bahuta mAnatI thiiN| dAdA jI (sva. jagannAtha prasAda) ke svargavAsa ke bAda mere pitAjI 10 varSa kI avasthA meM akele hI par3hane ke lie jabalapura cale ge| Arthika sthiti acchI nahIM thii| kisI taraha aMgrejI mAdhyama ke skUla se kakSA cAra pAsa kI, taduparAnta hindI mAdhyama ke skUla se sAtavIM kakSA (miDila) uttIrNa kii| isake bAda vahIM nArmala TreniMga do varSa taka kii| pahale sAtavIM ke bAda nArmala TreniMga kara sakate the| nArmala TreniMga meM 12 rupayA pratimAha chAtravRtti milatI thI kyoMki pitAjI ke acche aMka Ae the| ru. 12/- meM se 3/- pratimAha kharca karate aura ru. 9/- pratimAha bacata karate the| sTrITa lAITa meM khaMbe ke nIce baiThakara par3hA karate the| eka bAra unheM motIjhirA kA teja bukhAra ho gayA to sarakArI nala ke nIce baiThakara jvara kI garmI zAnta karane lge| usa samaya saste kA jamAnA thA, jyAdA paisA nahIM thA so eka paise kI pakaur3I lekara imalI kI caTanI ke sAtha khAkara prAya: dina gujAra dete the| khAnA-pInA ThIka na hone ke kAraNa eka samaya parIkSA ke daurAna gasta (cakkara, behozI) AyA aura jamIna para gira pdd'e| parIkSA suparinTeMDenTa ne unheM zrI munnIlAla ke ghara bhijavA diyaa| ve hI unake saMrakSaka the aura pitAjI unheM pitRtulya mAnate the| dezI sAdhAraNa upacAra se pitAjI ThIka ho ge| munnIlAla jaina ke pitA the zrI rAmalAla jaina tathA rAmalAla jI mere pitAjI ke rizte meM mAmA lagate the| pitAjI ke dUsare mAmA the gorelAla sItArAma khajarI vaale| inake bAre meM jAnakArI nahIM hai| rAmalAla jI ke do putra the- natthUlAla (avivAhita rahe) aura munniilaal| munnIlAla kI eka kanyA thI nAma thA bhaagvtii| zrImatI bhAgavatI jaina kA vivAha zrInArAyaNa prasAda ke sAtha huA thA parantu durbhAgyavaza vidhavA ho gaI aura vaha apane pitA zrI munnIlAla ke pAsa rahane lgii| zrImatI bhAgavatI ke pitA kI mRtyu ke bAda kAlAntara meM mere pitAjI ne use apane ghara zaraNa de dI aura vaha unake yahA~ rahakara pitAjI ke kAryoM meM sahAyatA karane lgii| mere pitAjI ke svargavAsa (10.11.1986) ke bAda akelI pitAjI ke makAna meM rahakara bhagavadbhakti meM lIna ho gii| usakI jIvikA nirvAhArtha maiMne (sudarzanalAla) kucha phiksa DipAjiTa baiMka meM karA diyA jisake byAja se vaha apanI AjIvikA calAne lgii| AvAsa thA hI tathA bIca-bIca meM banArasa se Akara sahayoga karatA rhaa| kaoNlonI ke loga bhI use sahayoga karate the kyoMki ve use bahuta sneha karate the| mRtyu ke samaya jaba vaha bahuta bImAra ho gaI to usane logoM se kahA- bhaiyA sudarzana ko bulA do| maiM sUcanA milate hI sapatnIka damoha AyA aura unase bAta kI jisase vaha prasanna ho gii| parantu agale dina 26.7.2012 ko unakA svargavAsa ho gyaa| maiMne mRtyu saMskAra sambandhI samasta kArya vidhivat sampanna kie| zAnti vidhAna, dAna Adi kArya bhI kie| pitAjI dvArA bahina, bhAI, aura svayaM kA vivAha eka samaya pitAjI kI garIbI kA Alama yaha thA ki jUtA kharIdane ke lie paisA nahIM the| ve pairoM ke taluvoM meM patte bAMdhakara garmI meM calA karate the| nArmala TreniMga ke bAda prAyamarI skUla meM naukarI mila gii| do varSa pazcAt apanI bahina sundarIbAI kI zAdI nohaTA nivAsI (damoha jilA) zrI brajalAla bar3akula ke yahA~ kara dii| isa zAdI meM ru. 1000 kA karja ho gyaa| isake bAda san 1930 meM (25 varSa kI umra meM) pitAjI ne svayaM kI zAdI maJjalA gA~va (ganezagaMja sTezana, sAgara jilA, sTezana se 14 ki.mI. dUra) meM zrI mUlacaMda kI kanyA sarasvatI se kii| phalasvarUpa (ru. 1200) kA karja aura bar3ha gyaa| isake bAda bhAI mAdhava prasAda kI zAdI kaTanI meM ToDaramala jI ke yahA~ unakI putrI subhadrA se kii| karja bar3hatA gayA jise donoM bhAIyoM ne milakara cukA diyaa| jaba pitAjI lakharaunI (pathariyA se 3 ki.mI. dUra) meM par3hA rahe the to apanI garIbI dekha merI mAtA zrImatI sarasvatI devI ko maJjalA bheja diyaa| vahI merA janma huaa| pitAjI kI saMtAneM : unakA janma aura mAtA jI kA svargavAsa pitAjI kI zAdI ke eka varSa bAda unakI adhAMginI zrImatI sarasvatI devI ne vi.saM. 1988 (disambara 1931) meM mArgazIrSa vadI 4 ko ravivAra ke dina (zanivAra kI rAtri 12.30 ke Asa pAsa) eka kanyA ratna ko janma diyaa| usa samaya mahAdazA zani kI thI puSya nakSatra thA, siMha lagna thI aura rAzi thI krk| bhagavAn mahAvIra kI mAtA jI ke nAma para usakA nAma trizalA (rAzi nAma hemalatA) prasiddha huaa| isake do varSa bAda vi.saM. 1990 janavarI 1933 meM mAghavadI terasa ko zanivAra ke dina rAtri meM 5 baje dvitIya kanyA kA janma huaa| usa samaya mUla nakSatra thA, rAzi thI dhanu aura mahAdazA ketu kI thii| vaha zAntidevI ke nAma (rAzi nAma yojitA) se vikhyAta huii| do varSa ke uparAnta vi.saM. 1992 meM bhAdoM vadI 133

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siddha-sArasvata 2 ko dina meM 11.30 baje (sitambara 1935) punaH tRtIya kanyA paidA huii| nakSatra thA zatabhiSA, dina thA zukravAra aura rAzi thI kumbh| use lalitA (rAzi nAma suzIlA) nAma se prasiddhi milii| isake bAda putra kI AzA meM do aura kanyAyeM paidA huI parantu ve jIvita nahIM rhiiN| nirAza mAtA sarasvatI ne pA~ca janma diyaa| usa samaya zatabhiSA nakSatra thA, dina thA zukravAra, vRSa lagna thI aura rAzi kumbha thii| rAzi kA nAma thA zIlacanda parantu sundara adhika hone se nAma pracalita huA 'sudrshn'| sarvatra khuzI kI lahara phaila gaI maGgala gIta gAe jAne lge| jaina paramparAnusAra pUjA-vidhAna Adi mAMgalika kriyAyeM kI gii| maiM bAlakrIDAyeM karate hue bar3A hone lgaa| parantu karIba 10 mAsa bAda garbhavatI mAtA sarasvatI devI ko samaya pUrva prasava vedanA huI aura garbhastha zizu ke sAtha (vi.saM. 2000 mAdhamAsa meM, I. 1944) unakA bhI svargavAsa ho gyaa| sarvatra zoka chA gyaa| mAtAjI usa samaya nohaTA meM parivAra ke sAtha rahatI thii| vahIM pitAjI kI bahina zrImatI sundarIbAI kI sasurAla bhI thii| mAtA jI usa samaya zAhapura meM hone vAle bhagavAn ke gajaratha (paMcakalyANaka) mahotsava meM jAne ke lie prAtaH jaise hI basa meM baiThI ki tabiyata bigar3a gii| ata: unako vahIM utAra liyA gayA aura upacAra karate karate, NamokAra mantra sunAte-sunAte dopahara ko prANAnta ho gyaa| mAtA jI svabhAvata: bar3I dhArmika svabhAva kI thIM tathA usa samaya dharmArAdhanA kI bhAvanA se puNyavardhaka bhagavAn ke pavitra gajaratha mahotsava meM jAne kI prabala bhAvanA se AplAvita thIM tathA aMtima samaya meM NamokAra mahAmaMtra japate hue prANa visarjana huA thA jisase nizcaya hI unheM sadgati milI hogii| yaha unakA saubhAgya hI thA yA camatkAra thA ki bIca rAste meM yaha ghaTanA nahIM huI anyathA gati bigar3a sakatI thI parantu parivAra ko (vizeSakara mujhe) bar3A duHkha jhelanA pdd'aa| maiM to mA~ ke pyAra se bacapana meM hI vaMcita ho gyaa| pariNAma yaha nikalA ki maiM prAya: nohaTA (buA ke ghara) yA khamariyA (bar3I bahina ke ghara) yA pATana (choTI bahina ke ghara) meM samaya bitAne lgaa| tInoM bahinoM para mere pAlana kA bhAra thA kyoMki pitA jI eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna para TrAMsaphara hone se tathA adhyApana kA uttaradAyitva hone se merI dekharekha pUrNarUpa se nahIM kara pAte the| beTiyoM kA tathA merA vivAha usa samaya bAla-vivAha pracalita the| usI paramparA ko mAnate hue mere pitA jI ne merI bar3I bahina (zrImatI trizalA) kA vivAha 9 varSa kI avasthA meM samIpastha grAma khamariyA ke siMghaI rUpacanda jaina ke sAtha kara diyA, usa samaya pitAjI nohaTA meM rahate the| - isake bAda 11 varSa kI umra meM merI dUsarI bahina (zrImatI zAntibAI) kI zAdI rahalI nivAsI siMghaI dIpacanda jaina arjInavIsa ke sAtha kara dii| yaha zAdI mere nanihAla maJjalA se kii| zAnti ne kakSA do taka par3hAI kI thii| dIpacanda jI kI yaha dUsarI zAdI thii| pahalI patnI se do kanyAyeM huI thiiN| merI bahina ne unheM bhI paalaa-posaa| pitA jI ko kanyA bahuta pasanda thii| isake bAda merI choTI bahina (zrImatI lalitA) kI zAdI bhI dvijavariyA siGkaI devacanda jaina svataMtratA senAnI se pATana (jilA jabalapura) meM kara dii| unheM pahalI patnI se koI santAna nahIM thii| parantu bahuta garIbI thii| lalitA ke bhAgya se zAdI ke bAda unakI ghara kI mAlI hAlata bahuta sudRr3ha ho gii| zAdI ke samaya merI choTI bahina kI umra mAtra 14 varSa thii| tInoM bahinoM kI zAdI ke bAda merI zAdI 22 varSa kI umra meM dinAMka 13.5.1965 meM damoha nivAsI siGkaI rAjArAma kI putravadhu (sva. choTelAla kI patnI zrImatI sonA jaina) kI putrI manoramA jaina ke sAtha karA dii| usa samaya varavadhU donoM pakSa vAle damoha meM hI rahate the| zAdI ke samaya maiM risarca (pI-eca.DI.) kara rahA thaa| merI zAdI DaoN. manoramA jaina ke sAtha hone kA bar3A prabala yoga thaa| usa samaya manoramA jI ne 11 vIM kI parIkSA dI thI to maiMne pitAjI ke vizeSa Agraha para kahA 'yadi lar3akI prathama zreNI se pAsa ho jAyegI to hama zAdI kara leNge| parantu do aMkoM se manoramA kI prathama zreNI nahIM aaii| manoramA tathA merI zAdI karAne kA prabala yoga thA ki anyatra hote-hote yahIM ho gii| manoramA kI priya sahelI thI ku. kamalA jaina tathA kamalA jaina kA bhAI sumata jaina merA mitra thaa| yaha parivAra seTha gulAbacaMda jI kA thA jinhoMne mere pitAjI kA sahayoga kiyA thaa| ataH usa ghara se donoM kA ghaniSTha sambandha thaa| ata: maiM bhI rAjI ho gyaa| daheja vagairaha kA koI pratibandha nahIM rhaa| zAdI ke bAda maiMne manoramA jI ko bI.e. AcArya (ema.e.) tathA pI-eca.DI. kraaii| 134

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siddha-sArasvata apane sarala aura sumadhura vyavahAra se manoramA parivAra (sasurAla ke sadasyoM) tathA samAja meM acchI paiTha banA lii| zAdI ke bAda jaba maiM pahalI bAra apanI sasurAla gayA to choTI-choTI sAliyoM ne prathama svAgata karate hue mujhe cAyapIne dI, jo vastutaH kAlImirca kI kAr3hA jaisI thii| maiMne use pUrI pI lI jisase unakA Azcarya huA aura unakA maMsUbA phela ho gyaa| zAdI ke bAda jaba manoramA vArANasI AI to paM. darabArI lAla koThiyA ko apane vyavahAra se prabhAvita kara liyaa| unhoMne bahU kA sammAna diyaa| DIna ke rUpa meM kArya - kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya kI sthApanA san 1916 meM mahAmanA madanamohana mAlavIya ne kI thii| vizva prasiddha isa AvAsIya vizvavidyAlaya meM kaI saGkAya haiM jinameM kalA saGkAya eka bar3A saGkAya hai| isakA DIna 23 vibhAgoM kA pramukha hotA hai| aise saGkAya kA maiM 1 pharavarI 2004 meM DIna banAyA gyaa| isa saGkAya kA DIna bananA kaI cunautiyoM se bharA hotA hai| zikSA ke sAtha chAtroM kI samasyAoM se rubarU honA par3atA hai| maiMne chAtra aura adhyApakoM ke sAtha kuzalatA pUrvaka sAmaJjasya baitthaayaa| mere Aphisa ke daravAjeM hamezA khule rahate the| mujhe pUrNa vizvAsa thA ki bhagavAn mahAvIra, mahAtmA gAMdhI aura mAlavIya jI kI satya evaM ahiMsAtmaka nIti para calane vAlA kabhI asaphala nahIM ho sktaa| isI kA pariNAma thA ki adhyApakoM, karmacAriyoM aura chAtroM ne merA sammAna kiyaa| prazAsana se bhI yatheSTa sahayoga milaa| merA uddezya thA chAtroM ko acche saMskAra denA aura unake hitoM kA saMrakSaNa krnaa| adhyApakoM evaM karmacAriyoM ko samaya para pramozana dilAnA aura zikSA kA vAtAvaraNa samunnata krnaa| maiMne etadartha jo kArya kie unameM kucha nimna haiM(1) kalA saGkAya ke chAtroM ko do varSa kI upAdhiyA~ vitarita nahIM kI gaI thIM kyoMki aparihArya kAraNoM se samAvartana samAroha (konvokezana) nahIM ho pA rahA thaa| maiMne nae kulapati niyukti na hone se tatkAlIna rekTara pro. lele se carcA karake dinA~ka 2 mArca 2005 meM prathama kAnvokezana kalA saGkAya kA krvaayaa| jisameM prasiddha yUnesko kI sadasyA DaoN. kapilA vAtsyAyana ne dIkSAnta bhASaNa kiyaa| chAtroM ne bahuta prasannatA abhivyakta kii| yaha kAnvokezana vizvavidyAlaya kA 46 vA~ thA tathA kalA saGkAya pA~cavAM dUsarA kAnvokezana vizvidyAlaya stara kA huA jisameM mahAmahima bhArata ke rASTrapati abdula kalAma ne dIkSAnta bhASaNa diyA thaa| pratyeka saGkAya ne pRthak-pRthak bhI pUrNa sAja-sajjA aura vidhipUrvaka sampanna kiyA thaa| usa samaya kulapati the pro. paMjAba siNh| kalA saGkAya kA yaha chaThavA~ kAnvokezana thaa| maiMne donoM kAnvokezanoM meM DIna ke rUpa meM samasta aupacArikatAyeM saMpanna kI aura chAtroM kA upAdhiyA~ vitarita kii| (2) snAtaka kakSA (bI.e.) ke chAtra cha: varSa pUrva eka viSaya svecchA se sAinsa kA yA sAmAjika vijJAna kA le sakate the, vaikalpika viSaya ke rUpa meN| kucha kAraNoM se samAja vijJAna saGkAya ne yaha suvidhA banda kara dI thii| use maiMne sAmAjika vijJAna ke saGkAya ke tatkAlIna DIna pro. bhArgava se milakara vaha suvidhA punaH bahAla kraaii| sabako Azcarya huA ki jaina ne kaise sAmAjika vijJAna ke DIna ko rAjI kara liyaa| (3) snAtaka ke chAtroM ko vaikalpika viSaya cayana hetu eka aura suvidhA pradAna kii| aba unake sAmAne viSaya cayana hetu anekoM vikalpa ho ge| aisA karane para adhyApana sambandhI samaya-sAraNI (TAima Tebala) tathA parIkSA sambandhI samaya sAraNI sambandhI parezAnI kI zaMkA uThAI gii| jisakA maiMne samAdhAna kA rAstA batalA diyaa| isase chAtroM ko svaruci ke viSayoM ke cayana kA rAstA khula gyaa| (4) kalA saGkAya meM kucha nae DiplomA korsa prArambha kraae| vizeSakara saMskRta aura prAkRta bhASA meN| rAjIvagAMdhI nAmaka sAutha kaimpasa meM bhI DiplomA clvaae| (5) snAtaka aura parAsnAtaka (ema.e.) ke pAThyakramoM kA saMzodhana karAke unheM samayAnukUla bnvaayaa| (6) kulapati kI icchAnusAra semisTara korsa parAsnAtaka meM prArambha kraayaa| kalA saGkAya ke Adhe adhyApaka virodha meM the parantu sabako samajhAkara tadanurUpa sabakI svIkRti karA lii| anya saGkAya kalA saGkAya se pUrva svIkRti kara cuke the| yahA~ bhI yuktipUrvaka virodhiyoM kA samarthaka banAyA jisako dekhakara sabhI acambhita hue| (7) adhyApakoM ke hitArtha sabhI vibhAgoM ke kaI varSoM se ruke hue sAkSAtkAra ko karAyA, jisase kaI navIna niyuktiyA~ tathA pramozana hue| jina vibhAgoM (urdU, marAThI, myUjyolaoNjI, bhArata kalA bhavana, jarmana Adi) meM koI adhyakSa (Head) nahIM thaa| vahA~ niyuktiyA~ hone se adhyakSa bana gae aura mujhe unake adhyakSIya uttarAyitva se mukti milii| saMskRta se itara viSayoM ke sAkSAtkAra (cayana) hetu bhI mujhe baiThanA hotA thA aura merI mArkiMga tadviSayaka vizeSajJoM ke samakakSa hotI thI jisase kulapati jI bhI prazaMsA karate the aura niSpakSa cayana hotaa| 135

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siddha-sArasvata (8) kampyUTara laiba ko cAlU kraayaa| (9) rAdhAkRSNana haoNla aura ADiToriyama jo kalA saGkAya ke antargata the aura apanI jIrNa-zIrNa avasthA ke lie ro rahe the unako navIna rUpa meM vyavasthita karAyA, jisase yahA~ zaikSaNika aura sAMskRtika gatividhiyA~ cAlU ho gii| (10) parIkSA meM zucitA lAne kA adabhya sAhasa dikhaayaa| parIkSA meM zucitA banAe rakhane ke lie adhyApakoM samudAya praveza dvAra para mere sAtha khar3e rahate the aura nakala saMbandhI pustakeM Adi bAhara rakhavA lete the| bIca-bIca meM sarca bhI karate the| bAtharUma vagairaha bhI ceka karate the| parIkSA-pepara dene ke pUrva punaH vArniMga dete the jisase parIkSA meM zucitA A gii| saMskRta vibhAgAdhyakSa ke rUpa meM kArya - maiM bI.eca.yU. ke saMskRta vibhAga kA do bAra (06.8.1992 se 5.8.1995 taka tathA 6.8.2003 se 31.3.2006 taka) adhyakSa bnaa| pUrva meM saMskRta vibhAga kA nAma thA 'saMskRta-pAli vibhaag'| merI to icchA thI ki isameM prAkRta bhI jor3a diyA jAe parantu san 1982 meM hI vibhAga do bhAgoM meM vibhakta ho gayA 'saMskRta vibhAga' aura 'pAli evaM bauddha adhyayana vibhaag'| mere guru pro. siddhezvara bhaTTAcArya ne vibhAga ke vikAsa ke lie bahuta zrama kiyaa| unhoMne 'jaina aura bauddha darzana' kA eka upavibhAga (grUpa) sRjita kiyA jisa para merI niyuktI kI parantu vibhAgIya virodha ke kAraNa yaha grUpa jyAdA dinoM taka nahIM cala skaa| merI dRr3hatA ke kAraNa silebasa se isa grUpa ko nahIM haTAyA jA skaa| maiMne apane kAryakAla meM vyAkaraNa Adi kaI anya grUpoM ko silebasa meM jor3A parantu ve bhI nahIM cala ske| parantu maiMne saMskRta aura prAkRta ke do DiplomA korsa avazya prArambha karA die| saMskRta DiplomA to Aja cala rahA hai parantu prAkRta DiplomA mere sevA nivRtti ke bAda banda ho gayA 'saMskRta saudAminI' nAma se vibhAgIya zodhapatrikA kA prakAzana zuru kiyaa| kaI varSoM se banda vibhAgIya pustakAlaya khulavAyA parantu kisI kI niyakti na hone se punaH banda kara diyA gyaa| saMgoSThiyA~, kAryazAlAe~, vyAkhyAna, pratiyogitAyeM, khela Adi kI gatividhiyoM ko Age bar3hayA rukA huA grantha-prakAzana prArambha kraayaa| semisTara paddhati se navIna pAThyakrama banavAkara use lAgU kraayaa| vibhAga meM saMgharSa to bahuta jhelane par3e parantu maiM vicalita nahIM huaa| vibhAgIya kucha adhyApakoM ne merA sAtha diyA unakA tathA virodhiyoM kA bhI maiM AbhArI hU~ jinhoMne mujhe saMgharSoM meM rozanI dikhaaii| DAyarekTara ke rUpa meM - maiM do varSa do mAha (11.3.2010 se 30.4.2012) taka bI.eca.yU. se sevAnivRtti ke bAda pArzvanAtha vidyApITha meM zodha DAyarekTara ke rUpa meM kArya kiyaa| maiMne apane kAryakAla meM traimAsika zodha patrikA zramaNa kA jo vigata kaI mAsoM se chapa nahIM pA rahI thI ko regulara tathA nae rUpa meM prakAzita kiyaa| usameM jijJAsA aura samAdhAna kA sthAyI stambha banAyA jisakA bar3A samAdara huaa| zramaNa ke pichale varSoM ke aGkoM ke lekhoM kI saMkalita sUcI banAkara dvitIya bhAga ke rUpa meM prakAzita kii| isake atirikta anya kaI granthoM ke peMDiMga chapAI ke kArya ko prakAzita ki.aa| kaI saMgoSThiyA~ tathA kAryazAlAyeM Ayojita kiiN| mAsika vyAkhyAna mAlA prArambha kI jisameM vibhinna viSayoM para vizeSajJoM ke vyAkhyAna kraae| jaina chAtroM ko paryuSaNa meM dina meM bhojana kI vyavasthA kraaii| jaina parva aura pUjA Adi ke Ayojana kraae| videzI chAtroM ko jaina zikSaNa kI DaoN. sugama canda jaina ke sahayoga se vyavasthA dii| mahilA chAtrAvAsa kA nirmANa kArya tathA chAtrAoM kA paMjIyana kiyA niyuktiyA~ kii| parisara kA saundargIkaraNa tathA myUjiyama zAlA ko vyavasthita kraayaa| pratiyogitAyeM bhI kraaii| samAja ko tathA vidvadvarga ko vidyApITha se jor3ane kA prayAsa kiyaa| isa taraha jo vidyApITha DaoN. mohanalAla mehatA tathA DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke kAryakAla meM svarNima yuga meM thA use punaH usI rUpa meM lAne kA prayAsa kiyaa| DaoN. zrI prakAza pANDeya aura DaoN. omaprakAza siMha ke sahayoga se yaha kArya ho skaa| Aja bhI donoM vidvAn vahA~ kAryarat haiN| a.bhA.di.jaina vidvat pariSad ke maMtrI ke rUpa meM kArya - dinAMka 2 navambara 1944 meM sthApita a.bhA.di. jaina vidvat pariSad ke satrahaveM khuraI adhivezana (27.6.1993) meM mujhe maMtrI tathA DaoN. devendra kumAra zAstrI nImaca vAloM ko adhyakSa cunA gyaa| isI adhivezana meM mujhe deva zAstra aura guru para prAmANika pustaka likhane kA bhI uttaradAyitva sauMpA gayA jisase tadviSayaka bhrAntiyoM kA nirAkaraNa ho ske| maiMne tatparatA se grantha taiyAra kiyA jisakI sabhI ne prazaMsA kii| kaI saMskaraNa nikAlane pdd'e| artha vyavasthA bhI maiMne vikrI kI yojanA banAkara chApane ke pUrva hI kara lii| chapane ke pUrva paM. jaganmohana lAla jI, paM. darabArI lAla koThiyA, paM. hukamacanda bhArilla, DaoN. devendra kumAra nImaca Adi vidvAnoM se usakI puSTi karAI tathA pa. pU. AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara 136

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siddha-sArasvata mahArAja jI ke samakSa jAka vAcana bhI kiyaa| adhyakSa kI vicAradhArA nizcayAvalambI hone se sahayoga nahIM milA phira bhI maiMne apane stara para kaTanI, ilAhAbAda, vArANasI Adi sthAnoM para saMgoSThiyA~ Ayojita kii| pratiyogitAyeM karAI tathA DaoN. premacanda jI ilAhAbAda ke sahayoga se 'bhAratIya saMskRti evaM sAhitya meM jainadharma kA yogadAna' smArikA bhI prakAzita kii| vidvat pariSad ke durbhAgya se ApasI khIMcatAna ke kAraNa 2006 meM cunAva ke samaya do bhAgoM meM baTa gii| maiMne bahuta cAhA ki eka ho jAe parantu pada lobha ke durAgraha ke kAraNa saMbhava na ho sktaa| maiMne donomaM meM jAnA banda kara diyA parantu bhArilla jI kI pariSad meM mujhe upAdhyakSa vA kAryakArI adhyakSa banAe rkhaa| anta meM maiM ekatA hote na dekha purAnI munibhakta pariSad se jur3a gayA kyoMki vahA merI vicAradhArA mela khAtI thii| jIvana kI kucha pramukha ghaTanAyeM(1) kaise jIvana kI dizA badalI (eka abodha bAlaka kA prabhAva) maiM jaba kaTanI ke jaina zAnti niketana vidyAlaya ke chAtrAvAsa meM rahakara par3hAI kara rahA thaa| maiM 12-13 varSa kA thA (san 56-57) chAtrAvAsa meM bar3e chAtra juA khelate the to maiM bhI vahA~ khar3A hokara dekhA karatA thaa| eka dina lobha kaSayavaza maiM bhI paise lagAkara khelane lgaa| pariNAma svarUpa 5-10 rupayA jIta gayA jisase lAlaca bar3ha gayA aura dUsare dina jItI rAzi hAra gayA to maiMne socA aba nahIM kheluuNgaa| saMyoga se usI rAtri prAcArya paM. jaganmohana lAla zastrI ne cAra chAtroM ko juA khelate hue raMge hAthoM pakar3a liyA aura cAroM ko chAtrAvAsa se bAhara kA rAstA dikhA diyaa| isakA mere Upara tIvra asara pdd'aa| maiMne bhagavat-kRpA mAnI, anyathA vahA~ dekhane para bhI sajA mila sakatI thii| usI samaya una chAtroM kI saMgati meM bahuta manA karane para bhI unhoMne sigareTa pilA dii| merA sigareTa ke prati jo bhaya thA vaha calA gayA kyoMki sigareTa pIne se micalI vagairaha nahIM aaii| dUsare yA tIsare dina maiMne bAjAra se eka sigareTa kharIdI aura ekAnta meM pIne lgaa| vahA~ eka choTe bAlaka dvArA Toke jAne para mujhe bahuta gussA AyA tathA glAni bhI huI aura mandira meM jAkara niyama liyA ki pA~ca varSa taka na to juA khelUMgA, na zarAba piUMgA, na sigareTa Adi kA nazA kruuNgaa| yahIM se jIvana kI dizA badala gii| usa bAlaka ne devadUta kA kArya kiyaa| yadyapi usa samaya yaha niyama pAMca varSa kA hI liyA thA, yaha socakara ki Age kyA paristhitiyA~ hogiiN| parantu vaha niyama Age calakara AjIvana kA bana gayA aura merA jIvana durgati ke garta meM jAne se baca gyaa| yadyapi eka aisA maukA AyA jaba maiM vArANasI meM thA aura dIpAvalI kA dina thaa| par3osI mitra ghara ke sadasyoM ke sAtha juA khela rahe the| unhoMne mujhe bhI khelane ke lie prerita kiyA, maiMne bahuta manA kiyA parantu unake bahuta Agraha para eka zarta para maiM taiyAra ho gyaa| zarta yaha thI ki jItUMgA to paisA le nahIM jAU~gA, hArU~gA to dUMgA nahIM, apanA paisA lagAUMgA nahIM, Apake paisoM se hI khelUMgA, kevala mnornyjnaarth|" maiM jIta gayA parantu unakA paisA unheM hI lauTA diyA, bahuta Agraha para bhI nahIM liyaa| yaha merI parIkSA thI jisameM maiM uttIrNa ho gyaa| isake bAda jhUThamUTha kA bhI juA nahIM khelA, anya vyasanoM kA prazna hI nahIM aayaa| yaha bhI samajha meM A gayA ki nimitta kAraNa kitanA balavAna hotA hai, parantu vaha upAdAna kI zakti ke Age akiJcitakara hotA hai| upAdAna kamajora hone para vaha tejI se prabhAvakArI hotA hai| nimitta kAraNa bhI kAryakArI hai| (2) bhaktAmara kA camatkAra eka bAra maiM bI.eca.yU. vArANasI se ela.TI.sI. meM tIrthayAtrA para jA rahA thaa| mere pAsa Trena kI cAra TikiTeM prathama zreNI kI thIM aura do sahayogI kI dvitIya zreNI kI, sarkulara TikiTeM thiiN| vArANasI se saba jagaha relave vAloM ne tIna bAra TelIgrAma kara die the aura usakI pratilipi hameM de dI thii| cennaI pahuMcane para patA calA ki yahA~ se rAmezvarama kA rijarvezana kanpharma nahIM hai aura na koI TelIgrAma AyA hai| maiMne dubArA phArma bharakara rijarvezana hetu Avedana de diyaa| do dina bAda jaba rijarvezana nahIM huA taba hama TI.TI. se mile use apane TikiTa batalAe parantu usane kevala mere beTe kA, jo divyAMga thA, anumati dii| zeSa sabhI janarala bogI meM baiTha ge| prAtaH eka sTezana AyA to TI.TI. ne kahA TikiTa lAo yahA~ se prathama zreNI meM baiTha sakate ho| hama loga prathama zreNI meM baiTha gae parantu TikiTa sahayogI ke pAsa thIM aura vaha kisI bogI meM so rahA thaa| TI.TI. ne kahA yahA~ se AdhI dUsarI dizA meM jaayegii| Apa loga TikiTa dikhlaao| maiMne kahA Apako pahale dikhalA dI thii| parantu usane utAra diyA aura binA TikiTa kahakara 2-3 TI. TI. vAloM ko bulAkara ghera liyaa| maiM bhaktAmara par3hane lagA aura use bogiyoM meM khojane lgaa| jaba Trena calane ko huI to vaha A gayA aura Age kI yAtrA 137

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siddha-sArasvata sakuzala huii| maiMne usI dina praNa kara liyA ki bhaviSya meM bhaktAmara kA pATha kie binA aba anna nahIM khaauuNgaa| vaha niyama Aja bhI cAlU hai| (3) viparIta dizA kI Trena meM baiThA- eka bAra 12.10.1984 ko maiM saMskRta saGgoSThI svAtantryottara saMskRta mahAkAvya meM ahamadAbAda gayA thaa| vahA~ eka satra kI adhyakSatA bhI kI thii| merA viSaya thA vArANasI se prakAzita svatantryottara saMskRta mhaakaavy"| jaba saGgoSThI ke bAda relave pleTaphArma para AyA to Amane sAmane do TreneM khar3I thIM, jinameM se maiM eka Trena meM baiTha gyaa| Age jAkara patA lagA ki yaha to viparIta dizA meM jA rahI hai| hama ghabarA gae aura eka sTezana para utarakara ahamadAbAda vAlI Trena pakar3a lI, vaha chUTane hI vAlI thI, Dara thA ki kahIM TI.TI. A gayA to phAina kara degA parantu koI nahIM aayaa| maiM to bhaktAmara pATha par3ha rahA thaa| ahamadAbAda Ane para zAnti milI, phira vahA~ se dUsarI Trena pakar3akara vArANasI AyA parantu eka dina leTa phuNcaa| usa dina se pratijJA kara lI ki Trena Adi meM baiThate samaya eka bAra usameM baiThe yAtriyoM se pUcha lenA caahie| rijarvezana nahIM thA jisase vahI TikiTa kAma A gii| (4) devadUta AyA - dinA~ka 28.08.2018 ko maiMne kAmAyanI meM vArANasI se bhopAla kA rijarvezana karAyA thA parantu vaha radda ho gaI jisa kAraNa maiMne usI tArIkha kA rijarvezana maDuADI-jabalapura Trena meM kraayaa| maiM samaya para sTezana pahuMcA to patA calA pAMca ghaMTe leTa hai| sTezana para baiThe rahe kyoMki sAmAna bhI adhika thaa| sapatnIka thaa| Trena gorakhapura se AI jo cha: ghaMTe leTa vahA~ se chuuttii| bar3I cintA thI agara jyAdA leTa huI to kaTanI se Age kA rijarvezana vyartha ho jAyegA aura parezAnI hogii| ilAhAbAda meM eka yuvaka mileTrI vAlA hamAre pAsa baiTha gayA use bhI bhopAla jAnA thA, para jaldI meM TikiTa nahIM le pAyA thaa| Trena satanA pahuMcate-pahuMcate bahuta leTa ho gaI, pAnI bhI girane lgaa| usane kahA yahIM gAr3I ceMja kara lete haiM kyoMki ApakI dUsarI Trena satanA A cukI hai, ho sakatA haiM Apako yaha Trena kaTanI meM na mile| usane merA sAmAna uThAyA aura merI rijarvasITa para pahuMcA diyaa| bhIga gae the, saba log| kulI thA nhiiN| usakI vajaha se vaha Trena pakar3a lI anyathA patA nahIM kyA hotaa| satanA taka to maiM bhaktAmara par3hatA rhaa| eka-eka minaTa bhArI par3a rahA thaa| bhopAla meM bhI usane sAmAna bAhara lAkara TeksI meM rkhvaayaa| vaha to devadUta niklaa| use hama apane sAtha lAlaghATI taka le aaye| (5) Trena yAtrI ke paise TI.TI. se vApasa dilavAe - eka bAra maiM vArANasI se jabalapura jA rahA thaa| mere pAsa homa-TAuna (damoha) taka kA chAtra kaMzesana TikiTa thaa| kaTanI se rAstA badalane ke kAraNa maiM kaTanI meM gArDa se milA aura jabalapura kA TikiTa banAne ko khaa| gArDa ne kahA baiTha jAo, bana jaayegaa| rAste meM TI.TI. AyA aura vaha mujhe gArDa ke pAsa le gyaa| gArDa ke kahane para usanaM merI kaTanI se jabalapura kI TikiTa banA dii| maiM punaH apanI bogI meM sAmAna lene gyaa| vahA~ usI TI.TI. ne eka garIba vyakti ke bacce se pAMca varSa se adhika batAkara paise to le lie the parantu TikiTa nahIM banAI thii| maiMne usase kahA Age kyA kroge| TI.TI. se TikiTa maaNgo| maiM gayA aura TI.TI. ko jo sTezana se bAhara nikala rahA thA pakar3akara le aayaa| usase kahA ise TikiTa kyoM nahIM dii| ise yA to paise vApasa karo yA TikiTa do| isa para vaha paisA dekara calA gyaa| cUMki merI TikiTa bana cukI thii| jisase maiM nizcita thA anyathA vaha mujhe bhI parezAna krtaa| maiMne usa yAtrI se kahA bhAI maiM to yahA~ utara rahA hU~ Age vyavasthA kara lenaa| usane mujhe bahuta dhanyavAda diyaa| (6) TI.TI. se patnI ko paise vApasa dilavAe - eka bAra hama saparivAra kAmAyanI eksapresa se vArANasI se damoha jA rahe the| kAmAyanI usa samaya calanA prArambha hI huI thI aura khAlI rahatI thii| satanA ke pAsa patnI se TI.TI. ne rijarvezana kA paisA le liyA parantu rasIda nahIM dii| jaba maiMne patnI se kahA rasIda kyoM nahIM lii| maiM TI.TI. ke pAsa gayA aura usase rasIda mAMgI to usane paise vApasa kara die, rasIda nahIM dI kyoMki vaha rijarvezana kI bogI nahIM thii| isa taraha relayAtrA sambandhI kaI ghaTanAeM haiN| kabhI rAtri meM sTezana kA patA na calane para Age cale gae, kabhI eksIDenTa se baca gae, kabhI kucha vyaktiyoM se bahuta AtmIya sambandha bana ge| (7) parIkSA ke daurAna guMDe kI dhamakI - maiM bI.eca.yU. kI vArSika parIkSA meM kakSa-nirIkSaka ke rUpa meM kArya kara rahA thaa| usa samaya eka chAtra Tebila para pustaka rakhakara nakala kara rahA thaa| maiMne usase sITa badalane ko kahA to usane manA kara diyaa| maiMne suparinTeMDenTa se kahA ki yA to usakI sITa badala do yA merI DyUTI dUsare kakSa meM lagA do| usa tathAkathita parIkSArthI ne unakI bhI bAta nahIM mAnI aura dhamakI dete hue uttarapustikA jamA karake calA gyaa| maiM bar3A bhayabhIta thA ki kahIM parIkSA ke bAda parezAna na 138

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siddha-sArasvata kre| huA bhI vaisA jaisA maiMne socA thaa| maiM sIr3hiyoM se nIce utara hI rahA thA ki 7-8 chAtroM ne mujhe ghera liyA aura kahA Apane mere cele ko kyoM parezAna kiyaa| maiMne bhI dRr3hatA pUrvaka kahA 'maiMne use parezAna nahIM kiyA usane mujhe parezAna kiyA, maiM to use surakSita sITa denA cAhatA thA jisase usakI aura merI bhI ijjata bacI rhtii|' taba una chAtroM ne kahA aisI bAta hai aura caraNa chUkara cale ge| agara maiM bahasa karatA to ve mArapITa bhI kara sakate the| maiMne rAhata kI sAMsa lI aura ghara calA gyaa| aise maukoM para ghabarAnA nahIM cAhie apitu viveka evaM sUjhabUjha se sAmanA karanA caahie| (8) parIkSA-saMbandhI anya ghaTanA eka bAra eka chAtra netA AyA aura mujhase parIkSA meM Ane vAle mahattvapUrNa praznoM kI jijJAsA prakaTa kii| use maiM pahacAnatA to nahIM thA parantu usake hAvabhAva se samajha gayA thA ki yaha chAtra netA hai aura ise patA hai ki maiMne pepara banAyA hai| maiMne socA aura kahA abhI maiM vyasta hU~, sAta dina bAda aanaa| vaha calA gayA parantu mujhe udvelita kara gyaa| yadi sahI jAnakArI detA hU~ to aparAdha hogA aura yadi galata batalAtA hU~ to hamAre sAtha abhadratA kara sakatA hai| maiMne vibhAgAdhyakSa se kahA ki jaba amuka zikSaka kakSa meM hoM taba yaha kaha denA ki jaina kA pepara maoNDarezana meM bahuta adhika badalanA pdd'aa| unhoMne vaisA hI kiyaa| vaha bAta use zikSaka ke mAdhyama se usake pAsa pahuMca gaI aura vaha punaH mere pAsa nahIM aayaa| isa taraha merA usa samaya saMkaTa Tala gyaa| parIkSA ke bAda usane sAta-ATha chAtroM ke sAtha mujhe ghera liyA aura dhamakI dI ki gurUjI 80 pratizata se kama aMka nahIM milanA caahie| maiMne usa ghar3I kI najAkata ko samajhakara usakA rola naM. pUcha liyA aura usane turanta apanA rola naM. de diyaa|| maiMne punaH vibhAgAdhyakSa se nivedana kiyA ki isa rola naM. vAlI uttarapustikA mere pAsa na aave| unhoMne parIkSA vibhAga ko aisA saMketa kara diyaa| pariNAma svarUpa vaha uttarapustikA mere pAsa nahIM aaii| aura maiM baca gyaa| vaise vaha mere pAsa AyA aura bolA yadi naM. acche nahIM mile to lohe kI kasama maiM Apako nahIM chodduuNgaa| maiMne bhI niDaratA pUrvaka kahA 'tuma sAmane se vAra nahIM kara sakate aura yadi bhagavAna kI kRpA hogI taba bhI tuma pIche se vAra nahIM kara skoge|' idhara maiMne usake priya adhyApaka se kahA ki bhAI ApakA celA mujhe dhamakA rahA hai| unhoMne samajha liyA ki yadi vaha kucha karegA to maiM bhI phsuuNgaa| phalata: apane guru ke kahane para vaha mAphI mAMgane AyA aura pairoM para gira pdd'aa| (9) vizvavidyAlaya ko anizcitakAlIna bandI se bacAyA jaba maiM DIna thA taba kalA saGkAya aura meDikala saGkAya ke chAtroM meM mArapITa ho gii| jhagar3A bar3ha jAne para kulapati rAva ne pulisa bulA lI tathA phona karake mujhe kulapati AvAsa meM bulA liyaa| rAtri ke 10 baje the| prAkTara, chAtra-adhiSThAtA tathA zArIrika vijJAna ke eka adhyApaka ko bhI bulA liyaa| pUrI rAta vahIM ruke aura bhora meM cAra baje taka ghara A ske| kulapati ne nirNaya liyA ki vicArAdhIna aparAdhI pAMca meM se cAra chAtroM kI epha.AI.Ara. likhA dI jaae| mere se bhI hastAkSara karA lie jabaki maiM usa ghaTanA se anabhijJa thaa| maiMne yaha jarUra kahA ki Apake kahane se maiMne hastAkSara jarUra kara die haiM parantu mujhe socane kA maukA deN| prAta: Apase punaH miluuNgaa| maiMne socA eka ko kyoM chor3A gyaa| maiM apane saGkAya ke chAtroM ke ahita se becaina thaa| maiMne chAtra-adhiSThAtA ko phona kiyA aura vastusthiti btlaaii| saMyoga se vo bhI mere se sahamata ho ge| hama donoM prAta: kulapati jI ke pAsa gae aura apanI ahasamati btlaaii| unhoMne kahA ThIka hai, ApakA nAma haTA deNge| para haTAyA nahIM, phAila meM rakhA rahane diyaa| ghaTanA ke maddenajara jaba maiMne kulapati se kAleja khulA rakhane bAvata pUMchA to kulapati jI ne kaoNleja khulA rakhane kA Adeza diyA parantu maiMne apane sabhI vibhAgAdhyakSoM kI mITiMga karake kAleja banda kara diyaa| pariNAma yaha huA ki chAtroM kA guTa AyA jarUra parantu bandI dekhakara binA nukasAna kie calA gyaa| isa taraha apane saGkAya ko bacA liyA parantu jhagar3A zAnta nahIM huA thaa| kulapati ne pulisa phorsa bulAkara hamAre saGkAya ke viDalA chAtrAvAsa ko cAroM ora se ghera liyaa| chAtra bhI Akrozita hokara pattharabAjI karane lge| mujhe bulAyA gayA ki Apa chAtroM ko zAnta karo anyathA hama chAtrAvAsa meM praveza kreNge| maiMne apane cAroM vArDanoM ke sAtha chAtrAvAsa meM praveza kiyaa| baccoM kA samajhAyA unhoMne pulisa haTAne kI mAMga rkhii| maiMne use sahI samajhA aura prAkTara tathA pulisa prazAsana se 200 mITara dUra cale jAne ko khaa| vo taiyAra nahIM hue to maiMne kahA phira mujhe kyoM bulaayaa| zAnti cAhate haiM to jaisA maiM kaha rahA hU~ vaisA kareM, anyathA Apa jaane| itanA spaSTa uttara pAkara unhoMne pIche haTane kI bAta mAna lii| chAtra bhI Azvasta hokara pattharabAjI se virata ho ge| isa taraha vizvavidyAlaya ko sAinaDAI (anizcita kAlIna bandI) hone se bacA liyaa| anyathA pulisa phorsa chAtrAvAsa meM jAkara mArapITa, lUTa Adi karatI aura chAtra AgajanI krte| 139

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siddha-sArasvata kulapati dvArA gaThita isa ghaTanA sambandhI inkvArI kameTI ne merI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA kii| (10) zodha paMjIyana meM galata chAtra kA canaya - vibhAgIya kucha adhyApakoM kI zarArata ne eka aise chAtra ko mere nirdezana meM zodha hetu paMjIyana karA diyA jo ugra prakRti kA thA tathA zarAratI bhI thaa| bAda meM patA calA ki vaha kisI marDara keza meM AropI bhI hai| saba jAnate the ki yaha chAtra zodhaprabandha to likhegA nahIM pro. jaina ko hI likhanA par3egA parantu merI gambhIratA saralatA tathA caturAI se ve isa makasada meM saphala nahIM ho ske| chAtra sambhavataH kisI anya se likhavAkara le AyA jise maiMne parIkSArtha agrasArita kara diyaa| saMyoga se vaha pAsa bhI ho gyaa| logoM ne mujhe bahuta bhayabhIta karAyA parantu maiM apane siddhAnta para aDiga rhaa| usane bhI merA pUrA sammAna kiyaa| isa taraha maiM sAjisa kA zikAra hone se baca gyaa| (11) cIpha prAkTara ko chAtrAvAsa meM phorsa ke sAtha Ane para rokA - isI prakAra eka bAra prAkTara ne kahA ki Apake viDalA chAtrAvAsa ke amuka kamaroM meM pistaula, ghAtaka aujAra Adi haiN| maiM Akara nikAlanA cAhatA huuN| maiMne vArDanoM ko bulAyA aura prAkTara se kahA Apa akele yA kisI anya sAthI ko lekara AyeM aura talAzI le leveM parantu phorsa ke sAtha na aaveN| ve bole maiM binA phorsa ke nahIM A sakatA, Apa hI cekiMga kara leveN| maiMne vArDanoM ko kamarA nambara na batAkara pUre chAtrAvAsa ke kamaroM ko ceka kiyA aura nirdezita kamare kA vizeSa nirIkSaNa kiyaa| Apattijanaka koI sAmagrI nahIM milii| merI dRr3hatA se mAmalA zAnta ho gayA, anyathA azAnti ho sakatI thii| (12) adhyApaka ko chAtra hita meM samajhAyA - eka bAra eka adhyApaka ne parIkSA ke eka mAha pUrva eka niraparAdha chAtra ko kakSA meM baiThane se manA kara diyaa| chAtra mere DIna Aphisa meM aae| unase vastu sthiti ko jAnakara tathA chAtra ke bhaviSya ko vicAra kara maiMne adhyApaka ko Adeza diyA ki chAtra ko kakSA meM Ane deN| adhyApaka ko samajhAyA aura vaha mAna ge| chAtroM ke hita meM sadA socA karatA thaa| (14) chAtroM dvArA sammAna chAtroM kI aneka samasyAoM ko unakA gArjiyana banakara maiM sulajhAtA thaa| kabhI-kabhI chAtrAvAsoM kA nirIkSaNa karatA thaa| maisa meM bhI chAtroM ke sAtha kabhI-kabhI bhojana karatA thaa| isakA chAtroM para acchA prabhAva par3A aura sabhI chAtrAvAsoM meM pahalI bAra merA sammAna kiyA gyaa| (13) mITiMga meM punaH jAkara chAtra ko DigrI dilavAI - eka samaya yU.jI.sI. ke niyamAnusAra pI-eca.DI. DigrI vAloM ko eka samaya sImA taka adhyApaka kI arhatA hetu neTa parIkSA se mukti milegI, usakI avadhi samApta ho rahI thii| maiM apane vibhAga ke abhyarthiyoM kI mITiMga meM anuzaMsA karake A gayA, parantu usI samaya eka bAhya parIkSaka vilamba se aae| maiMne zIghra usa chAtra kI maukhikI sampanna karAI aura puna: mITiMga meM calA gyaa| anya saGkAyoM kI mITiMga cala rahI thii| usa chAtra kI riporTa dI aura DigrI kI anuzaMsA kraaii| kulapati ne sarAhA ki chAtroM kA Apa bahuta hita cAhate ho| chAtra hita hetu A ge| (16) praveza-prakriyA meM eka adhyApikA kA aDaMgA kalA saGkAya meM snAtaka kakSA kI praveza prakriyA cala rahI thii| anta meM jaba esa.sI./esa.TI. kA praveza prArambha huA to eka mahilA sadasyA jo unakI tarapha se pratinidhi thI ne samAja vijJAna meM kama sITa hone se virodha karake praveza kameTI se bahirgamana kara diyaa| pUrI prakriyA meM ve Adi se anta taka barAbara thiiN| usa samaya koI prazna nahIM utthaayaa| unhoMne mahilA Ayoga aura esa.sI./esa.TI. Ayoga meM zikAyata bheja dI ki esa.sI./esa.TI. ke chAtroM ke sAtha DIna anyAya kara rahe haiN| yaha naI suvidhA maiMne hI bahuta prayatna karake prArambha karAI thii| niyamAnusAra koTA sabako milA thaa| kulapati ke bAhara hone para rekTara pro. lele, vijJAna saGkAya ke DIna tathA sAmAjika vijJAna ke DIna ke sAtha milakara saMyukta mITiMga AhUta kI tathA kulapati jI ke Ane para unheM sthiti se avagata kraayaa| unhoMne koI gar3abar3I na dekha esa.sI./esa.TI. ke dUsare pratinidhi ko niyukta kara diyaa| taba praveza-prakriyA punaH prArambha ho gii| virodha karane vAlI adhyApikA ne bAda meM mere DIna Aphisa meM Akara kSamA yAcanA kii| (15) vibhAgIya kucha adhyApakoM ke virodha se vibhinna viSayoM kA jJAtA banAsaMskRta vibhAga meM kucha adhyApaka aise the jinheM jaina darzana se napharata thii| ve hamezA yaha cAhate the ki jaina 140

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siddha-sArasvata bauddhadarzana grUpa banda kara diyA jaae| chAtra isameM praveza na leveN| 4-5 sAla taka to grUpa nirantara calatA rahA parantu usake bAda chAtroM dvArA vaha grUpa na lene para yaha grupa kevala silebasa meM raha gyaa| ve isa grUpa ko silebasa se bhI haTAnA cAhate the| unake mana meM yaha thA ki ye grUpa nahIM rahegA to jaina ko pramozana nahIM milegaa| vibhAgAdhyakSa mere guru pro. siddhezvara bhaTTAcArya ne isa grUpa ke calate rahane meM bar3I madada kii| unhoMne hI isa grUpa ko prArambha kraayaa| mere garu ke bhI ve loga virodhI the jabaki unhoMne hI unakI niyuktiyA~ kI thiiN| cUMki merA pada mUlataH saMskRta lekcarara kA thaa| ata: ve loga jaina-bauddha darzana grUpa banda karAne meM saphala ho ge| pariNAma svarUpa mujhe saMskRta ke anya viSayoM ko jo mere viSaya nahIM the, unheM par3hAnA pdd'aa| yadyapi anya viSayoM ke vizeSajJa adhyApaka the parantu adhyakSa unheM nahIM denA cAhate the| pUrva meM jo isa viSaya ke adhyApaka the ve sevAnivRtta ho gae the| mujhe tIna-cAra mAha pUrva isa grantha (nyAyasiddhAntamuktAvalI) ko par3hAne kA saMketa mere vibhAgAdhyakSa guru ne kara diyA thaa| maiMne bhI caileJja svIkAra kiyaa| usa grantha ke cAra khaNDa the| maiMne cAra adhyApakoM se pRthak-pRthak khaNDa par3heM aura navya nyAya kI zabdAvalI (pratiyogitA, anuyogitA, avacchedaka Adi) ko samajhA kyoMki usa grantha meM isa bhASA kA sammizraNa thaa| janavarI se mArca ke tIna mAha meM maiMne ema.e. aMtima varSa ke darzana grUpa ke chAtroM ko vaha grantha atirikta pIriyaDa lekara pUrA pddh'aayaa| chAtra bahuta saMtuSTa hue| maiMne pahale unheM navya nyAya kI bhASA-zailI batalAI phira viSaya kA tAtparyArtha batalAyA isake bAda grantha kI paMktiyA~ pddh'aaii| sevAnivRtta adhyApaka ke par3hAne kI zailI se chAtra samajha nahIM pAte the jabaki ve bar3e vidvAn the| isalie mujhe prArambha se par3hAnA pdd'aa| maiM bhI isa viSaya se DaratA thA jo samajha meM A gyaa| isI prakAra pramozana ke bAda mImAMsA darzana kA kliSTa grantha (mImAMsAnyAyaprakAza) par3hAnA pdd'aa| yaha grantha bhI mere lie nayA thA parantu isakA prArambhika jJAna thaa| isa viSaya ke sarvazreSTha vidvAn vArANasI meM zrI paTTAbhirAAma zAstrI the| unhoMne bhI merI prazaMsA kI tathA merA eka lekha jo mImAMsA darzana para (niSedha-mImAMsA) thA apane abhinandana grantha meM prakAzita kiyaa| isameM bhI prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai| isake atirikta mujhe vyAkaraNa, bhASAvijJAna, sAhitya zAstra, zilAlekha, veda, upaniSad, pAli, prAkRta Adi par3hAne par3e jisase maiM kaI viSayoM kA jJAtA ho gayA aura cintana kA rAstA khula gyaa| pariNAma svarUpa maiMne nyAyadarzana ke grantha tarka saMgraha para TIkA likhii| saMskRta vyAkaraNa para saMskRta-pravezikA tathA prAkRta vyAkaraNa para prAkRta-dIpikA grantha likhe| tInoM hI chAtroM aura vidvAnoM meM bahuta vizruta hue| (17) sevAnivRtti para vibhAgIya 'no DyUja' kulapati dvArA sevAnivRtti ke samaya virodhI guTa kA pUrNa adhikAra vibhAga para ho gayA aura unhoMne 'no DyUja' dene se manA kara diyaa| vibhAgIya pustakAlaya kA rajisTara gAyaba kara diyA gayA aura mujha para doSAropaNa kara diyaa| pustakAlaya kI pustakeM jamA nahIM kii| pustakAlaya kA cArja lene se manA kara diyaa| antataH kulapati ke Adeza para unheM pustakAlaya kA cArja lenA par3A, vaha bhI pUre vivaraNa ke saath| isake bAda kulapati ne svayaM merA 'no DyUja' karake merI grecyuTI dene kA Adeza pArita kiyA tathA navIna saMskRta-vibhAgAdhyakSa ko phttkaaraa| bI.eca.yU. ke itihAsa meM yaha pahalA kesa bnaa| AdaraNIya kulapati pro. paMjAbasiMha jI mere lie devadUta bne| (18) rAtri bhojana tyAga kA phala vizvavidyAlaya kI cayana samitiyoM meM jaba sAkSAtkAra kI prakriyA calatI thI taba kabhI-kabhI rAtri bhI ho jAtI thI jisase mere rAtri meM bhojana na karane ke niyama se kulapati sAkSAtkAra ke mAdhya meM hI merI bhojana vyavasthA alaga se karA dete the| isI taraha kaI bAra vizvavidyAlayIya rAtri Dinara meM jAnA par3atA thA taba maiM vahA~ ghara para bhojana karake hI jAtA thaa| zAdiyoM meM jAtA thA to vahA~ bhI bhojana karake jAtA thaa| ajaina loga kahate the ki jaina ko bulAne meM koI kharca nahIM hai| kucha loga Agraha karake dina meM vyavasthA kara dete the| saGkalpa hai to rAstA nikala hI AtA hai| (19) sTaMTa tathA anya durghaTanAe~ - (ka) gaMgA nadI meM kUdA - jaba meM syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya meM par3hatA thA taba agasta-sitambara meM jaba gaMgA bAr3ha para thI taba bhadainI ghATa para gaMgA meM kUdA aura jala ke pravAha ke viparIta taira kara kinAre aayaa| kaI mallAhoM ke lar3akoM ko aisA karate dekhakara ati utsAha meM maiMne unakA anukaraNa kiyA jabaki maiM tairane meM jyAdA eksaparTa nahIM thaa| saMyoga se kucha anahonI nahIM huii| tairanA mujhe mere pitAjI ne bacapana meM nohaTA kI sunAra nadI meM sikhAyA thaa| vahA~ to vaha rakSaka the tathA svayaM 141

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siddha-sArasvata eksaparTa bhI the| (kha) sAIkila durghaTanA - eka bAra damoha meM bacapana meM sAIkila calA rahA thaa| tAlAba ke pAsa DhalAna meM acAnaka Age kA pahiyA alaga ho gyaa| bar3I durghaTanA ho sakatI thI parantu kharauMca bhI nahIM aaii| loga dekhakara Azcarya cakita ho ge| maiMne bhI Izvara ko dhanyavAda khaa| (ga) basa durghaTanA - bar3e bacce saMdIpa kI zAdI ke bAda hama bahU arcanA ko prathama vidAI hetu vArAsivanI jA rahe the ki minI basa vAlAghATa ke pAsa palaTa gii| mere sAtha merA bhAnajA pramoda bhI thaa| basa kA haiNDila pakar3a lene se maiM baca to gayA parantu paira meM coTa A jAne se calanA kaThina ho gyaa| kisI taraha bahU ke mAyake phuNce| unhoMne sevA kI, davA dI, do dina rukakara bahU ke sAtha vApasa vArANasI A ge| bacce kI sasurAla meM prathama bAra hI gayA thaa| kyoMki zAdI Adi ke samasta kArya jabalapura aura varANasI se hue the| eka bAra jaba hama sapatnIka bajaraMgagar3ha se roDaveja kI basa se bhopAla A rahe the taba rAste meM basa gobara ke Dhera se TakarAkara palaTa gaI aura vaha sIdhI nahIM ho sakI, phira hama loga kisI taraha bhopAla Ae, bahuta pAnI bhI barasa rahA thaa| parantu surakSita baca ge| bhaktAmara par3hate rhe| jhUThe mArapITa ke kesa meM phaMsAyA - dinA~ka 5.10.1980 ko zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya ke prabaMdhaka zrI sumeracanda jaina ne mere Upara tathA DaoN. zItala candra jaina ke Upara mArapITa kA jhUThA Aropa lagAkara epha.AI.Ara. likhavA dii| jisase DaoN. zItalacaMda jaina ko eka rAtri thAne meM banda rahanA pdd'aa| paM. darabArIlAla jI koThiyA jI unheM prAtaH chur3A laae| parantu maiM bI.eca.yU. meM rahatA thA jisase vahA~ pulisa nahIM jA sakatI thI binA prAkTara kI anumti| prAkTara ke nirdezAnusAra meMne apanI bela (jamAnata) kacaharI se karA lii| kesa pAMca varSa taka calA, kesa kI sunavAI meM prAyaH agalI tarIkha par3atI rahatI thIM, mujhe upasthita hone kI chUTa mila gaI thii| dinA~ka 25.7.85 ko doSamukta mAnakara kesa banda kara diyA gyaa| maiM mArapITa ke samaya bI.eca.yU. aspatAla meM bhartI thaa| sIjanala bImArI ke kAraNa yaha bAta zrI sumeracaMda ko patA nahIM thii| cUMki maiM vahA~ kA upAdhiSThAtA raha cukA thA aura maiM chAtroM ke hitoM ke lie adhyApana tathA bhojana kI suvyavasthA hetu adhikAriyoM se kahatA thA, unhoMne isI kAraNa kesa kara diyaa| mere kAraNa saba chUTa gae, AropakartA bahuta paise vAle the jisake bala para itanA saba kucha huaa| bAda meM kSamAvANI para mere paira sparza kara kSamA bhI maaNgii| (Ga) putra ne DakaitoM kA sAmanA kiyA - eka bAra merA choTA putra abhiSeka muMbaI se vArANasI jA rahA thA ki rAste meM (satanA-ilAhAbAda ke madhya) Trena meM Dakaita ghusa Aye aura sabakA paisA jevara Adi chIna liyaa| aTeciyA~ kATa diiN| kucha para aujAra se prahAra bhI kiyaa| mere putra ke pAsa bhI Ae (usane apanI ghar3I Adi sITa ke bIca meM phaMsA dI thI) to usane kaha diyA ki mere pAsa aba kucha nahIM hai, Apake bhaiyA loga saba le gae unhoMne chor3a diyA aura vaha baca gyaa| usakI buddhi se hI sahayAtrI mahilA ke jevara bhI baca gae kyoMki bacce ke kahane para usane pAnI kI baoNTala meM unheM DAla die the| jaba beTA ghara AyA to usakA ceharA utarA huA thaa| pUchane para usane ghaTanA btlaaii| mujhe pUrva meM phona dvArA nahIM batalAyA thA, yaha socakara ki pApA-mammI parezAna ho jaayeNge| (ca) putrI kI Trena radda huI bIca meM - eka bAra merI beTI manISA garmI kI chuTTiyoM ke bAda muMbaI jA rahI thI ki bahuta bAriza hone se iTArasI meM adhikAMza gAr3iyA~ radda kara diiN| use TikaTa ke pUre paise vApasa mila ge| kucha yAtrI basoM se mumbaI jA rahe the ki acAnaka eka Trena ko jAne diyA gyaa| vaha akelI thii| kulI ke sahayoga se kisI taraha Trena meM baiTha gaI aura muMbaI pahu~ca gii| idhara banArasa meM hama saba parezAna the| lar3akI akelI hai kaise usake pAsa jAyeM jaba vaha Trena meM baiTha gaI to usane mobAila se sUcita kiyaa| taba hama logoM ko kathaMcit santoSa milaa| amerikA aura siMgApura yAtrAyeM maiM sapatnIka do bAra amerikA aura siMgApura gyaa| prathama bAra amerikA ke mIlapiTAsa sthita digambara jaina mandira ke AmaMtraNa para dazalakSaNa parva para siMgApura eyaralAinsa se dinA~ka 14.9.2004 meM gyaa| vahA~ kA do maMjilA vizAla evaM bhavya jaina mandira dekhakara maMtramugdha ho gyaa| pUrA mandira vAtAnukUlita thA tathA digambara-zvetAmbara kA maNikAMcana saMyoga thaa| vahA~ koI pujArI nahIM thaa| zrAvaka svayaM bartana, pUjA sAmagrI ke prakSAlana se lekara caTAI bagairaha svayaM bichAte the aura pUjA karane ke bAda yathAsthAna pUrvavat vyavasthita rakhA karate the| bahuta acchA lgaa| bhArata meM bhI aisA ho to kitanA acchA ho| yahA~ to hama pujArI para nirbhara rahate haiN| dasa dinoM taka maiMne vahA~ tattvArthasUtra kA sArtha vAcana aura uttama kSamAdi dasa dharmoM para vyAkhyAna diyaa| jijJAsAoM 142

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siddha-sArasvata kA samAdhAna kiyaa| dinA~ka 23.10.2004 ko vahA~ inTaranezanala sarvadharma sammelana meM digambara jaina pratinidhi ke rUpa meM bhAga liyA aura upasthita zaMkAoM kA samAdhAna kiyaa| zrI premacanda jaina (borDa oNpha TrasTI) ne sarvAdhika dhanarAzi dekara vaha jaina mandira banavAyA thaa| zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM sampradAya ke loga vahA~ kI kAryakAriNI meM the| zrI azoka seThI, zrImatI rekhA seThI, zrImatI mInAkSI, zrI ambarIza, zrI prakAzacandra jaina, zrImatI sulocanA jaina, zrI navanIta jaina Adi digambara jaina vahA~ kI vyavasthA dekhate the| merI putravadhu zrImatI arcanA jaina prati ravivAra hindI par3hAyA karatI thii| vahA~ sanIvela meM bhI eka sarvadharma mandira hai jisameM digambara pratimA bhI virAjamAna hai| vahA~ maiM apane putroM ke ghara koparTino meM rukA thA, jahA~ se mIlapiTAsa kA jaina mandira karIba 20 ki.mI. dUra hai| maiM sapatnIka roja apane putra aura putravadhuoM ke sAtha mandira jAkara pUjA Adi karatA thaa| vrartoM ke bAda sthAnIya uparokta samAja vAloM ke ghara eka-eka dina bhojana para ge| sabhI loga jAte the aura apane-apane ghara se kucha na kucha spezala Diza banAkara lAte the aura hosTa ke ghara milakara bhojana banavAte tathA bhojanoparAnta bartana vagairaha bhI sApha karate the| yaha dekhakara bahuta prabhAvita huaa| yaha eka anukaraNIya geTa-TU-gedara thaa| isake bAda dinA~ka 4.210.18 ko maiM apane pUre parivAra ke sAtha kAra se darzanIya sthAnoM ko dekhane niklaa| senaphrAMsisko ke samudra para sthiti vizvaprasiddha golDana brija dekhaa| yahA~ bahuta adhika ThaMDa thI aura teja havAe~ bhI cala rahI thiiN| bahuta sundara dRzya thA, vahIM se merA putra saMjaya hama donoM ko kAra se pahAr3a para sthita lombarDa sTrITa ghumAne le gyaa| vahA~ jAne kA rAstA bahuta saMkarA ghumAvadAra aura car3hAI vAlA (45 DigrI vAlA) thA jisa para saba kAra nahIM calA sakate the| lombArDa se samudra aura zahara bahuta sundara dikhatA thA, sUryAsta bhI bahuta sundara dikhatA hai| vahIM se sTenaphorDa vizvavidyAlaya tathA varkalI vizvidyAlaya gae aura vahA~ kA vizAla evaM bhavya pustakAlaya dekhaa| dUsare dina apane putra saMdIpa kI sisko kampanI ke Aphisa ge| vahA~ kI vizAla ilekTrAnika mazInoM ko dekhA aura unakI kAryazailI ko thor3A smjhaa| vahA~ se sAntAkruja kI pahAr3I para sthita misTrI pvAiMTa gae jahA~ gurutvAkarSaNa se loga Ter3he lagate the tathA vastu kA vajana bar3ha jAtA thaa| yahA~ bahuta pahAr3iyA~ aura ghora jaMgala hai| vahA~ se lauTakara pazcimI amerikA kI vizvaprasiddha prazAnta mahAsAgara kI 'rUTa vana DrAiva' para kAra se gae jo pahAr3a aura samudra ke madhya sthita hai| bahuta acchA lgaa| lauTate samaya halkA bhUkampa bhI AyA, jo vahA~ prAyaH AtA rahatA hai| yahA~ para saMtare, nIbU, anAra, hare seva, khubAnI, AlU bukhArA Adi hote haiN| ghara-ghara meM inake per3a lage haiN| sabjI meM AlU, laukI, kumhar3A Adi saba sabjiyA~ bahuta bar3I-bar3I hotI haiN| kumhar3A kI vizAlatA to vahA~ kA AkarSaNa hai, jisakI pratiyogitA bhI hotI hai| vahA~ ke niyamAnusAra pratyeka vyakti kI (godI ke bAlaka kI bhI) alaga-alaga sITa kAra meM hotI hai aura pratyeka ko sephTI belTa lagAnA anivArya hai| yahA~ kI taraha eka bhI savArI atirikta nahIM baiTha sakatI, sadyaH utpanna zizu bhI nhiiN| yahA~ kAra saMcAlana dAhine tarapha hotA hai tathA rekhAoM ke dvArA spIDa brekara yA rukane (vizeSakara skUla ke pAsa) kA saMketa hotA hai bhArata kI taraha nhiiN| jagaha-jagaha sar3akoM para kaimare lage haiN| jisase galata DrAiviMga para ghara para cAlAna pahu~ca jAtA hai| rAstoM para spIDa limiTa hai| (kisa ro meM kitanI spIDa ho) ke saMketa haiN| Apa nizcita sthAna para (TvAyaleTa) hI laghuzaMkA, thUkanA, kUr3A DAlanA Adi kara sakate haiN| peTrolapaMpa tathA dukAnoM para bhI yaha vyavasthA rahatI hai| bhale hI Apa jaMgala meM kyA na hoN| isake bAda hama loga do kAreM lekara dUravartI sthAnoM para ghUmane ge| sarvaprathama hama seMDiyAgo gae vahA~ sI varlDa dekhA, pazcAt DijanIlaiNDa mikI mAUsa, lAsaeMjilisa, yunivarsala sTUDiyo haoNlIvuDa Adi sthAnoM para ge| vahA~ kaI rAiDa (yaMtra cAlita jhAMkiyA~) dekhiiN| sinemA (pikcaroM) kI zUTiMga kaise hotI hai| kaise eka hI sthAna para kaI dezoM kI jhalaka milatI hai| kaise pula TUTatA hai? Trena meM Aga kaise lagatI hai Adi vahA~ dekhIM thrIDI pikcara bhI dekhI jisase pikcara kI ghaTanAeM hameM apane pAsa mahasUsa hotI thiiN| eka sIna meM cUhA pairoM ke nIce se gujaratA mahasUsa huaa| thrI DI pikcara ke lie spezala cazmA lagAnA par3A thaa| isake bAda DijanIlaiNDa ge| vahA~ bahuta manoraMjana kiyaa| vahA~ kucha aisI rAIDsa dekhIM jaise hama svarga aura naraka meM hoN| inheM dekhakara mujhe guNasthAna mandira kI kalpanA banI aura isa bAta ko maiMne pa. pU. muni zrI pramANasAgara se btlaaii| unheM mere vicAra pasanda Ae aura unhoMne zikharajI meM usa kalpanA ko mUrtarUpa denA prArambha kara diyaa| yahA~ hamArA cAvala (bhAta) kA DibabA aisA banda ho gayA ki bahuta prayatna karane para bhI khulA hI nhiiN| hoTala Ane para nala ke nIce rakhane para khulaa| sabhI ko bhUkha lagI thii| asala meM bahU ne garama bhAta ko rakhakara use banda kara 143

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siddha-sArasvata diyA thaa| yahA~ ke bAda senDiyAgo gae jahA~ DAlphina ke kartavya dekhe| samudra meM kaI taraha ke sIna dekhe| amerikA se bhArata vApasa Ate samaya siMgApura eyaraporTa para 6 ghaMTe rukanA pdd'aa| vahA~ ke prazAsana kI ora se phI siMgApura bhramaNa kiyA aura muMbaI hote hue vArANasI A ge| dUsarI Tripa meM apane putra abhiSeka kI zAdI ke bAda (8.12.2009) apane dUsare putra saMjaya ke sAtha amerikA ge| rAste meM siMgApura ruke jahA~ saMjaya kI patnI ke cAcA zrI zikharacanda jI rahate haiM unhoMne vahA~ para kaI darzanIya sthAnoM para ghumaayaa| inake ghara ke eka kamare meM caityAlaya thA, vahIM pUjana kii| zahara meM bhI bar3A jaina mandira bana rahA thaa| do dina bAda hama amerikA pahu~ca ge| bahuta sardI thI vhaaN| isa bAra putra saMdIpa ke nae ghara kA vidhi-vidhAna pUrvaka gRhapraveza karAyA aura krisamasa ke bAda eka saptAha ghUmane ge| prathamata: greNDa keniyana ke nezanala pArka gae jahA~ cAroM ora barpha hI barpha thii| per3a, makAna, sar3akeM, kAreM sabhI barpha kI cAdara se Acchadita the| vahA~ bahuta gaharI khAI meM nadI baha rahI thii| vaha khAI pahAr3oM ke kaTAva se banI thii| bahuta sundara sthAna thaa| vahA~ AdivAsiyoM ke jIvana para banAI gaI pikcara dekhii| bahuta sundara pikcara thii| vahA~ se lAsavegAsa ge| patnI kA rohiNI vrata thaa| vahA~ dUrastha sarvadharma mandira thA jahA~ digambara-zvetAmbara mUrtiyA~ bhI thiiN| darzana karake bhojana kiyA aura hUvara Dema (1935 meM banA) ge| yahA~ vidyuta utpAdana ke bar3e-bar3e yantra dekhe| vahA~ prasiddha vizAla kolorADo nadI bahatI hai| grenDa keniyana nezanala pArka dekhaa| phira vahA~ (erIjonA rAjya) se nivADA rAjya kI ora ge| nadI para pula banA thA, pula ke usa pAra nevADA rAjya kI sImA thI, jahA~ ghar3I meM eka ghaMTA kA antara A gyaa| yahA~ se lAsavegAsa gae jahA~ kA kasino (juA ghara) bahuta prasiddha hai yahA~ kaI zo dekhe, jaise pAnI kA vibhinna mudrAoM meM nRtya, jvAlAmukhI aadi| registAnI pradeza thA kekaTasa ke vRkSa the, pahAr3a kI miTTI kahIM lAla to kahIM kAlI thii| jaMgalI jAnavaroM kA ilAkA thA, dikhe bhI the, parantu kucha nahIM huaa| bahuta sundara sUryAsta rAste meM dekhaa| bhramaNa se lauTane ke bAda jaina mandira mIla piTAsa meM lekcara bhI die| eka dina hama loga kisI mitra ke ghara sAyaM-bhojana para ge| vahA~ pahuMcate hI mujhe bar3e jora kA cakkara AyA aura maiM ghara ke andara jAne ke pUrva hI gira pdd'aa| 1015 miniTa bAda mujhe uThAkara unake ghara ke andara kiyA, jahA~ hama leTa ge| thor3A nAstA kiyaa| putravadhU DaoN. AratI ko phona karake bulAyA to patA calA ki blaDa prezara kama ho gayA hai| baccoM ne merI eara TikaTa kI tArIkha Age bar3havA dii| vahA~ ke samAja ke Agraha para (dinA~ka 21.2.2010) jaina mUrti lekara dillI hote hue vArANasI Ae aura use nariyA ke jaina mandira meM sthApita kiyaa| bAda meM punaH paMcakalyANaka karAyA gayA kAkandI tIrtha kSetra meM aura vahIM ke mandira meM use sthApita karA diyaa| kyoMki unakA uddezya thA ki kisI bhI digambara mandira meM bhArata meM kahIM bhI sthApita kara denaa| amerikA meM use vedI para nahIM rakhA jA rahA thA jabaki vaha pratimA pratiSThita thI, aisA vahA~ ke digambara jainiyoM ne batalAyA thaa| pratiSThita pratimA vedI para na rahe, usakA prakSAla Adi na ho, isIlie maiM le aayaa| bImAriyA~ (ka) bacapana meM mujhe motIjhirA nikalA, usa samaya maiM pATana meM choTI bahina ke ghara para thaa| isake bAda vAta roga kamara meM huA jisake ilAja hetu DAkTara ne eka tela (sambhavataH tAr3apIna) diyA jisameM usase dUnA tila-tela milAkara lagAnA thaa| parantu jaldI phAyadA ke cakkara meM tila kA tela kama milAyA jisase vahA~ phaphole A gae aura parezAniyA~ bar3ha gii| ghara para (damoha meM) sirpha pitAjI the, sevA karane vAlA koI nahIM thaa| pitAjI svayaM bhojana banAte aura skUla par3hAne cale jAte the| kucha samaya bAda damoha meM hI choTI-bar3I mAtA nikala aaii| bar3I vedanA hotI thii| gharelU upacAra kie ge| yadyapi bacapana meM mAtA kA TIkA lagA thA phira bhI prakopa huaa| sukhada yaha rahA ki dhIre-dhIre sabhI nizAna miTa ge| (kha) jaba maiM bijanaura meM par3hAtA thA to vahA~ ke sarakArI aspatAla meM hAIDrosila kA Aparezana karA liyaa| banArasa meM yaha sAmAnya oNparezana mAnA jAtA thaa| maiM bijanaura meM akelA rahatA thaa| DaoNkTara kI gar3abar3I se oNparezana kA sthAna paka gayA aura nirantara mavAda bahane lgii| bahuta davA aura iMjekzana die gae parantu lAbha nahIM milaa| anta meM pitAjI ke pAsa saMdeza bhejaa| pitAjI merI patnI DaoN. manoramA jaina tathA sadyaH prasUta putra sandIpa ko lekara bijanaura A gae aura bahU ko chor3akara cale ge| isake bAda maiM sapatnIka dillI gyaa| rAste meM meraTha apane mitra ke ghara ruka gyaa| vahA~ maiM homyopaithika DaoNkTara ke pAsa unake sAtha gyaa| unase apanI samasyA batalAI to unhoMne eka davA dI (sambhavata: saaiilesiyaa)| maiMne use khAyA aura dillI meM paricita DaoN. jaina se cAMdanI caika para milaa| unhoMne dekhA aura parasoM (15 agasta 1968 ke bAda) aspatAla 144

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siddha-sArasvata Ane ko khaa| hama Apako bhartI kara leMge aura puna: oNparezana karanA pdd'egaa| maiM agale dina DresiMga karAne aspatAla kI imarajeMsI meM gayA to DresiMga karane vAle ko dhAgA dikhAI diyA jo sambhavataH homyopaithI kA prabhAva thaa| maiMne use nikAlakara DresiMga karane hetu khaa| isake bAda maiM bijanaura A gyaa| ghAva ThIka ho gyaa| yahA~ se homyopaithI para vizvAsa hone lgaa| (ga) isake bAda vArANasI meM skUTara eksIDenTa meM ghuTane ke lIgAmeMTa TUTa ge| eka bAra hAtha kI kuhanI meM Tenisa elbo ho gyaa| sevAnivRtti ke bAda jaba maiM indaura vi.vi. (ahilyAbAI) ke kulapati ke cayana painala meM thA, acAnaka cikanaguniyA hama donoM ko ho gyaa| jisase mahAmahima rAjyapAla se bheMTa karane nahIM jA sake aura kulapati kA sapanA TUTa gyaa| sevAnivRtti ke eka sAla bAda hastinApura se lauTane para patA lagA ki mere hRdaya kI tIna ArTarI coka haiN| jinakA tatkAla oNparezana jarUrI hai| putra abhiSeka mujhe lekara bhopAla aayaa| yahA~ merI beTI aura dAmAda donoM DaoNkTara the| unhoMne hArTa spezalisTa se bAta kI aura bhopAla meM hI 21.4.2007 (bhopAla memoriyala meM) bAyapAsa oNparezana kraayaa| oNparezana saphala rahA parantu baccoM ne phira koI bhI kArya karane se manA kara diyaa| sabhI bacce amerikA se bhI Aparezana pUrva hI A gae the| (gha) isake bAda donoM A~khoM kA motiyAbiMda kA Aparezana kraayaa| eka bar3A jhaTakA taba lagA jaba maiM DaoN. jayakumAra jaina vi. pa. adhyakSa ke abhinandana samAroha meM dillI jA rahA thaa| dillI sTezana para utarate hI mere dAhine paira ke ghuTane aura kamara meM acAnaka darda ho gayA (sAITikA jaisaa)| kisI taraha DaoN. paMkaja jaina ke sAtha bhopAla A skaa| usane bar3I sevA kii| bhopAla Akara ema.Ara.AI. aura eksare Adi hue| eka mAha bAda prabhu kRpA se calane meM samartha ho skaa| kamara jhuka gaI thI aura maiM pUrI taraha TUTa cukA thaa| putra, pitA jI aura sAsujI ke Aparezana karAe maiMne apane suputra DaoN. saMdIpa jaina ke poliyo kA ilAja kaI sthAnoM para (vArANasI, lakhanaU, dillI, muMbaI Adi) kraayaa| muMbaI meM eka oNparezana bhI kraayaa| maiMne apane pitA kI donoM AMkhoM ke (glokomA ke) oNparezana kraae| apanI sAsujI ke 3-4 Aparezana (AMkhoM kA haDDI Adi) krvaae| apanA khUna bhI diyaa| pUjA Adi dhArmika-kriyAyeM(1) maiM bacapana se hI dhArmika kriyAyeM karatA thaa| jaba maiM AcArya (ema.e.) meM par3ha rahA thA taka maiM syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya ke chAtrAvAsa meM rahatA thaa| merI dhArmika kriyAoM meM ruci hone ke kAraNa mujhe dharma-maMtrI banAyA gayA thaa| dazalakSaNa parva para maiM vidyAlaya ke haoNla meM zrIjI ko virAjamAna karavAtA thaa| eka bAra mujhe tIna dina kA 'siddhacakra vidhAna' karAne kA mana huaa| maiMne chAtroM ke madhya apanA prastAva rkhaa| sabhI ne use saharSa svIkAra kiyA aura vidhipUrvaka vidhAna kiyA gyaa| rAtri meM hama loga haoNla meM jamIna para hI sote the| bahuta Ananda aayaa| sthAnIya samAja kA bhI sahayoga milaa| (2) kAlAntara meM samAja ke Agraha para bhelUpura ke mandira meM siddhacakra vidhAna karAne kA saubhAgya prApta huaa| maiMne apane sAtha DaoN. kamalezajI ko sahayogI bnaayaa| usa samaya hama donoM vizvavidyAlaya meM par3hAte the| ataH samaya bAMTakara nau dina taka vidhivat anuSThAna kraayaa| dhvajArohaNa, ghaTayAtrA, jApa, havana Adi sabhI kriyAyeM kI gii| samAja ne bar3e utsAha se bhAga liyaa| anta meM unhoMne bahuta manA karane para bhI dhanarAzi bheMTa kI jise hama donoM ne nariyA sthita jaina mandira ko samasta dhanarAzi dAna de dI tathA aura paise ekatrita kara nariyA mandira kA kArya kraayaa| lohe kI grila lagavAI, pUjAkakSa banavAyA aura vedI kA nayArUpa karAke vedI-pratiSThA Adi bhI vidhipUrvaka kraaii| usa samaya maiM usa mandira kA maMtrI bhI thaa| agale varSoM meM bhelUpura ke dUsare digambara jaina mandira meM samAja ke Agraha para 'siddhacakra vidhAna' tathA vedI zuddhi kA kArya karAnA pdd'aa| isake atirikta bhelUpura ke mandira kA kalazArohaNa bhI kraayaa| isake atirikta maiMne gRhapraveza, grahanirmANArambha, zAdI Adi ke kaI dhArmika kAryakrama kraae| amerikA meM bhI gRhapraveza vidhAna Adi kraae| dazalakSaNa para pravacanAdi to kaI sthAnoM para kie| parivAra ke sadasyoM kA mokSamArga kI ora kadama (1) merI vaMza-paramparA meM merI rahalI nivAsI bhAnajI jyoti (mInA) jaina I. san 2000 meM dIpAvalI ke dina dIkSA lekara AryikA zrI 105 sambhavamati mAtAjI bana gaI aura zrI 105 aryikA vijJAnamati mAtA jI ke saGka meM rahate hue kAlAntara meM Arthika vijJAnamati ke Adeza se kucha AryikAoM Adi kA saGgha banAkara pRthak vihAra kiyaa| isa samaya 145

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siddha-sArasvata unakA cAturmAsa (I. 2018) jarUAkher3A (sAgarajilA) meM cala rahA hai| (2) mere eka bhatIje rajanIza ne pa. pU. zrI 108 vidyAsAgara AcArya se muni dIkSA lI aura Aja unake saGgha meM rahakara mokSapakSa para samarUr3ha haiN| AcArya zrI kA cAturmAsa isa samaya (I. 2018) khajurAho meM ho rahA hai| AcArya zrI ne unako dIkSA dekara sambhavasAgara nAma diyaa| (3) hamArI bhAbhI zrImatI camelI bAI bhI daza pratimAdhArI haiN| (4) merI sAsa DaoN. manoramA kI mAtA sva. zrImatI sonA jaina ne yadyapi pratimAeM nahIM lI thIM parantu pratimAdhAriyoM jaisI hI caryA karatI thiiN| tyAga tathA dharmArAdhanA meM lIna rahanA unakA svabhAva bana gayA thaa| jainadharma para aTUTa zraddhA thii| dharmAcaraNa pUrvaka unakA maraNa huaa| (5) merI choTI bahina (zrImatI lalitA bAI) ke sasura bhI sva. siGghaI amIra canda jaina bahuta zAnta-pariNAmI aura 9-10 pratimAdhArI the| (6) mere pitA zrI, patnI, bacce bagairaha sabhI susaMskArita aura dhArmika pravRtti ke haiN| svataMtratA saMgrAma meM yogadAna (1) hamArI choTI bahina ke pati sva. zrI devacanda jI jaina kAMgresI the tathA svataMtratA saMgrAma senAnI bhI the| unheM jela bhI jAnA par3A thaa| (2) mere pitAzrI siddhelAla jI cUMki sarakArI skUla meM zikSaka the jisase khulakara to nahIM Ae parantu svataMtratA saMgrAmiyoM kI madada karanA unakA svabhAva bana gayA thaa| (3) merI patnI ke bar3e tAU sva. siM. zrI gulAbacaMda jI bhI svataMtratA saMgrAma senAnI the tathA jale bhI gae the| (4) mAsTara sva. zrI ratanacaMda jaina lAkhAbhavana jabalapura vAle bhI svataMtratA saMgrAma senAnI rhe| ye hamAre bhAneja zrI nandanalAla jaina ke sasura the| merI patnI manoramA jaina aura unakI mAtA jI merI dharmapatnI DaoN. manoramA jaina kA janma I 6.5.1947, jyeSTha kR. pratipadA, maGgalavAra, prAta: baMDA meM nImA buA ke ghara huA thaa| janma ke samaya anurAdhA nakSatra thA tathA rAzi nAma thA nnniibaaii| skUla ke anusAra unakI janma tA. hai 10-10-1947 usa samaya manoramA kI mAtAjI kI umra 16 varSa thI tathA vaha do mAsa pUrva (ceta sudI 13 san 1947) vidhavA ho cukI thiiN| usa samaya damoha meM plega kI bImArI phailI thI aura manoramA ke pitA (sva. zrImatI sonA jaina ke pati zrI choTelAla) dUsaroM kA ilAja karate-karate svayaM plega kI capeTa meM Akara divaMgata ho ge| sonA jaina ke Upara itanI choTI umra meM hI kaSToM kA pahAr3a hI TUTa par3ane ke kAraNa beTI ke janma kI khuzI nahIM manA skii| sva. sonA jaina mahArAjapura ke eka acche sodhiyA gharAne kI putrI thiiN| jinakA bAlyakAla sukhoM meM bItA thaa| mahArAjapura meM kakSA cAra taka hI unhoMne par3hA thA aura kizorAvasthA meM hI damoha ke prasiddha siGghaI rAjArAma jaina ke suputra sva. choTelAla ke sAtha zAdI ho jAne se damoha A gii| vidhavA hone se sonA jaina ke devara sva. siM. kapUracanda jaina ne unheM ArA (bihAra) sthita vidhavA jaina mahilAzrama meM par3hane bheja diyA, jisase ve apane pairoM para khar3I ho sakeM aura Age kA jIvana nirvAha kara skeN| mahilAzrama ke kaThora niyamoM kA pAlana karate hue unhoMne vahA~ kakSA pAMca se 10 vIM (madhyamA / hAIskUla taka kI parIkSAyeM) uttIrNa kii| yahA~ rahakara unhoMne jaina dharmAnusAra tyAgI-vratoM kA jIvana jInA sIkha liyaa| putrI manoramA ko 9 mAsa kI damoha meM chor3akara Age par3hane calI gaI thiiN| putrI kI yAda to AtI hI thii| yahA~ putrI manoramA ne apane cAcA (siM. kapUracaMda) ke ghara rahate hue kakSA tIna taka kI par3hAI kara lI thii| itane lambe samaya taka mA~ se dUra rahane ke kAraNa manoramA apanI mA~ ko mA~ nahIM kAkI jAnatI thii| isake bAda sonA jaina nArmala-TreniMga karane jabalapura gaI aura apanI beTI ko sAtha meM le gaI aura vahA~ manoramA ko phUTAtAla ke sarakArI skUla meM caithI meM praveza dilA diyaa| nArmala TreniMga ke bAda puna: damoha A gii| jahA~ manoramA ne kakSA sAta taka adhyayana kiyaa| damoha meM cAcA kapUracaMda tathA daddA siM. rAjArAma jI manoramA kA bahuta dhyAna rakhate the| manoramA sabakI bahuta sevA karatI thii| damoha meM manoramA ko pIliyA, sukhaNDI Adi bImAriyoM se jUjhanA pdd'aa| isake bAda sonA jaina devarI meM sarakArI prAyamarI skUla meM adhyApikA niyukta ho gii| taba ve manoramA ko bhI devarI le AI jahA~ manoramA ne 8vIM se 11vIM hAyara saikeNDarI par3hAI kii| isake bAda punaH damoha Akara bI.e. prathama varSa kI parIkSA dii| isI madhya manoramA kI zAdI mere sAtha 13.5.1965 meM ho gaI, jisakA kathana meM pUrva meM kara cukA huuN| 146

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jaae| siddha-sArasvata zAdI ke kucha samaya bAda mere pitAjI ne manoramA bahU ko mere pAsa vArANasI bheja diyaa| mere pAsa rahakara manoramA ne DaoNkTareTa kI upAdhi prApta karake bhI sarvisa nahIM kI aura baccoM kA bhaviSya banAne kA rAstA cunaa| samaya milane para dhArmika evaM sAmAjika kAryoM meM sakriya yogadAna diyaa| Aja bhI isa dizA meM manoramA jI sakriya haiN| idhara manoramA kI mAtA jI devarI, vArAsivanI bAMdakapura, damoha meM adhyApana kArya karate hue sevAnivRtta ho gii| damoha meM cAroM ora se jaina mandiroM se ghirA huA unakA AvAsa thaa| nizcayamArga meM AsthA hone ke bAda bhI vyavahAra naya se pUjA, vratavidhAna, tIrthayAtrA Adi meM satata lagI rahatI thiiN| zrAvaka kI pratimAyeM to nahIM lI thIM parantu brahmacarya pratimA taka ke vrata pAlatI thIM, dharmAcAraNa karatI thIM, solA karatI thIM tathA kuA kA hI prAsuka (ubalA huA) jala letI thiiN| maryAdA ke ATA, masAlA Adi letI thiiN| svayaM saba kArya karatI thiiN| aMtima sAMsa lete samaya bhI devadarzana aura upavAsa pUrva 14 mArca 2014 ko zarIra chor3A kisI se sevA nahIM kraaii| hama donoM vArANasI meM the aura vaha damoha meM thiiN| hama loga sunate hI TaiksI lekara Ae aura unakA aMtima saMskAra vidhividhAna pUrvaka kiyaa| hamArI yojanAe~(1) hamArI sabase prabala icchA hai ki eka aisA jaina vidyApITha bane jahA~ jaina darzana ke vividha viSayoM kA Adhunika vijJAna tathA jainettara dharma-darzana kI mAnyatAoM ke sAtha tulanAtmaka cintana karake jaina darzana ke navanIta ko paripuSTa kiyA jaae| isake lie sabhI Adhunika vaijJAnika saMsAdhanoM kA upayoga kiyA jaae| jaina darzana ke pratyeka viSaya ke vizeSajJoM kI eka sUcI banAI jAe aura usameM binA bhedabhAva ke unako tattat kameTiyoM meM rakhA jaae| ve apane viSaya kI gaveSaNA karake eka Alekha taiyAra kareM isake bAda jainetara viSayoM ke vizeSajJoM ko bulAkara usakA tulanAtmaka (sAmya-vaiSamya Adi) vivaraNa lipibaddha kiyA jaae| isake bAda Adhunika vijJAna vettAoM (vanaspati vijJAna, bhautika vijJAna, rasAyana vijJAna, meDikala vijJAna, zarIra vijJAna Adi ke viSaya vizeSajJoM) ko bulAkara unake sAtha anucintana kiyA jaae| isake lie unheM yathAsambhava ucita pArizramika diyA jaae| isake bAda jaina dharma-darzana ke viSayoM kI prAmANika vivecanA prakAzita kI jaae| itara vidvAnoM ke mantavyoM ko bhI Amantrita kiyA jaae| isa taraha jaina darzana kI prAmANikatA ko siddha kareMge to isakA prabhAva (prabhAvanA aGga sayagdarzana kA) jana-jana ke mana-mastiSka para pdd'egaa| AlekhoM ke prakAzana ke sAtha unakA Adhunika saMyaMtroM kI sahAyatA se jIvaMta pradarzana bhI kiyA jAe tAki jana-jana para gaharA asara ho| (2) maiMne kucha aisI hI eka yojanA guNasthAna mandira kI banAI thii| kaI samartha muniyoM Adi ko batalAI bhI thii| muni zrI pramANasAgara ne use pUrA karane kA vacana diyA aura use guNayatana ke rUpa meM vikasita karA rahe haiN| yaha eka arntarASTrIya yojanA hai jise pratyeka vyakti jAnanA caahegaa| maiM pa. pU. muni zrI pramANasAgara jI ko antaHkaraNa se namo'stu karatA huuN| (3) jaina pUjA vidhAnoM kI pustakoM meM bahuta azuddhiyA~ chapI haiM jisase pAThaka vaisA hI par3hate haiM, artha para vicAra nahIM krte| padyoM meM to zabdoM kI zuddhatA tukabandI meM vikhaNDita hai| ataH zuddha sArtha jinavANI kA prakAzana karanA cAhatA huuN| hamAre samAja meM jo ajJAnatA ke kAraNa kucha kurItiyoM ne ghara kara liyA hai, hameM syAdvAda-anekAntavAda ke mAdhyama se AgamAnukUla unheM dUra karanA cahie aura pUrvAgrahoM ko tyAga denA caahie| isa taraha samAja ko ekatA ke sUtra meM piroyA jA sakatA hai| dhArmika aura laukika kriyAoM kI jahA~ taka saMbhava ho AlocanA na kI jaae| ahiMsA, aparigraha aura vItarAgatA kI jisase vRddhi ho yA adhika se adhika anupAlana ho use svIkAra karanA caahie| jIvana kI dizA badalane vAle 10 nimitta - (1) dhanADhya logoM kI saMgati se jahA~ galata rAha pakar3anA AsAna ho rahI thI mere pitAzrI tathA pa.pU.guruvarya paM. jaganmohana lAla zAstrI ke prayatna se kaTanI vidyAlaya meM praveza huaa| (2) vaha choTA bAlaka jo mujhe kaTanI meM galata rAha para jAne se rokane meM nimitta bnaa| (3) morAjI sAgara meM paM. dayAcanda jI dvArA tRtIyA vibhakti ke ekavacana meM halanta karane para veMta kI sajA denA tathA jainanyAya tIrtha krnaa| (4) bI. e. dvitIya varSa meM meriTa meM caturtha sthAna pAnA jo mujhe meriTa meM aura Age bar3hane kI preraNA meM nimitta bnaa| phalasvarUpa phAInala meM dvitIya sthAna milaa| Age par3hane kI cAha bar3ha gii| (5) risarca karate samaya mere nirdezaka guru zrI siddhezvara bhaTTAcArya dvArA jainadarzana tathA mImAMsA darzana ke pAribhASika zabdoM 147

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siddha-sArasvata kA saralIkaraNa karanA sikhAkara cintana kI dizA badala dI gii| maiM tarkaNA buddhi se viSaya ko sarala, spaSTa aura subodha banAne kI kalA sIkha gyaa| (6) navya nyAya kI zailI samajhane ke yogya banAyA paM. mUlazaGkara zAstrI jI ne| unhoMne putravata sneha dekara khAna-pAna kI zucitA bhI smjhaaii| (7) merI dharmapatnI jisane mujhe nAte-ristoM, tyohAroM tathA dhArmika kriyAoM kI ahamiyata kA bodha kraayaa| (8) maiMne pUrva madhyamA (hAI skUla samakakSa) ke bAda iNTara kAmarsa meM eDamIzana liyA jabaki maiM hAIskUla ke viSayoM se pUrNataH anabhijJa thaa| ataH jo hAIskUla par3hakara Aye the ve mere se bahuta Age the parantu cha:mAhI parIkSA taka maiM sabase Age A gayA aura kAleja meM maiM adhyApakoM kA cahetA bana gyaa| parantu cha:mAhI parIkSA ke bAda maiMne prAiveTa iNTara parIkSA kA phArma kAmarsa chor3akara kalA viSayaka viSayoM ke sAtha bhara diyA aura maiM uttIrNa (dvitIya zreNI se) ho gyaa| saba mere sAthI acambhita the kyoMki kisI ko patA nahIM thA isa parIkSA baavt| isake bAda bI.eca.yU. meM praveza lete hI merI adhyayana viSayaka ruci bar3ha gii| (9) bI.e. taka maiM na to phulapainTa pahinatA thA aura na sAIkila calAtA thaa| eka bAra phulapainTa pahinakara kAleja gayA to vahIM kAleja meM badala diyaa| ema. e. meM Ane para sAIkila kharIda lI aura phulapenTa bhii| adhyApana kAla meM bahuta samaya bAda skUTara aura kAra calAnA siikhaa| (10) sevAnivRtti ke bAda do naI vidhAyeM sIkhIM - saMskRta vidvAn hone se jyotiSa tathA Adhunika dinacaryA hetu sNgnnk| sporTsa meM abhiruci __ par3hAI ke sAtha spoTarsa meM bhI gaharI ruci thii| kaI taraha kI daur3a, kustI, malakhamba, kabaDDI, vAlIvAla, hAkI, veDameMTana Adi kheloM meM sakriyatA thii| kustI, kabaDDI, daur3a, malakhamba Adi meM kaI bAra puraskRta hue| sampUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI meM hamArI kabaDDI TIma bahuta pApulara thI jise vahA~ ke kulapati bhI dekhane AyA karate the| bAdhA-daur3a, amaharuda daur3a, borA daur3A, laMgaDI dauDa Adi sabhI meM merA pratinidhitva rahA hai| parivAra meM paraspara premabhAva - hamArA parivAra eka Adarza parivAra mAnA jAtA hai| bhAI-bhAI meM, bhAI-bahina meM, pati-patnI meM, mAtA-pitA ke sAtha santAnoM kA prema jaisA pUrva meM thA vaisA hI Aja bhI hai| saba paraspara eka-dUsare kA pUrA dhyAna rakhate haiN| hamAre parivAra meM Aja bhI paisoM ke kharca ko lekara koI hisAba kitAba nahIM hotA, koI bhI kharca kre| hamArA bahinoM se tathA unake baccoM Adi se bhI parama sneha hai| isakA kAraNa maiM samajhatA hU~ ki maiMne apane pitA ko (mAtA to thI nahIM) aMtima samaya taka unakA Adara tathA vaiyAvRtti kI thii| sarvisa ke kAraNa maiM unake pAsa to nahIM raha sakA aura ve mere pAsa sthAyIrUpa se nahIM rhe| saMbhavata: isI kAraNa merI santAneM mere se dUra raha rahI haiM, sarvisa ke kaarnn| yahI eka kaSTa hai parantu ve vahA~ rahakara bhI sahayoga karate rahate haiN| ve saba apane pAsa bulAte haiN| parantu hama donoM abhI nahIM jAnA caahte| vArANasI se beTI ke zahara bhopAla meM Akara aba jAkara vyavasthita ho pAe haiM parantu vArANasI kI yAda bahuta AtI hai| yahA~ Ane se merI zaikSaNika gatividhiyoM meM rukAvaTa A gaI hai| aba samajha meM A rahA hai ki vRddhAvasthA meM koI vyakti apanA mUla sthAna (karmasthalI) kyoM nahIM chor3anA cAhatA hai| parivAra meM paraspara prema banA hai aura jaba AvazyakatA hotI hai to ve A jAte haiN| jaba azakta hoMge taba dekhA jaayegaa| beTI aura evaM bahuyeM bhI bahuta sneha rakhatI haiN| potiyA~ aura nAtineM bhI bahuta cAhatI haiN| aisA hI premabhAva paraspara banA rahe yahI bhAvanA hai| corI kA dhana vApasa pAyA - eka bAra jaba maiM vArANasI meM apanA kirAe kA makAna badala rahA thaa| (ravIndrapurI se gurudhAma) to eka TAlImena ne maukA pAkara merI patnI ke jebara aura kucha rupayoM para hAtha sApha kara diyaa| sAmAna na milane para do dina bAda patA calA ki patnI kA parsa corI ho gayA hai| vicAra-vimarza ke bAda usa TAlI saJcAlakoM para sandeha huaa| yojanAnusAra maiMne usI sthAna para gayA jahA~ se unheM bhAr3e para lAe the, saMyoga se donoM vyakti vahA~ mila ge| maiMne unase kahA ki Apa donoM ne hamArA sAmAna TrAMsaphara kiyA thA parantu vaha makAna ThIka nahIM hai, makAna mAlika guNDA TAIpa kA hai jisase pAsa ke dUsare makAna meM sAmAna TrAMsaphara karanA hai| abhI sAmAna kholA nahIM gayA hai| Apa donoM clo| donoM saMyoga se taiyAra ho gye| maiM unheM sAtha meM lete gyaa| Ane para bAhara kA darabAjA baMda karake dhamakI dekara pUchatAcha kI to eka ne apanA aparAdha svIkAra kara liyA kyoMki use patA thA ki makAna-mAlika thAne meM baMda karA degA, jahA~ bar3I mAra pdd'egii| usake svIkAra karane para dUsare vyakti ko chor3a diyA gyaa| aparAdhI se kahA tumheM inAma deMge yadi vaha parsa vApasa 148

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siddha-sArasvata kara doge| usane kahA ghara para rakhA hai| taba maiM akele usake sAtha usake ghara gyaa| usane sone ke svarNAbhUSaNa dekara kahA ki parsa hamane pheMka diyA hai aura rupayA kharca ho gaye haiN| maiM akele vahA~ gayA sAIkila se, aparicita sthAna thA so turanta svarNAbhUSaNa lekara cupacApa vApasa A ge| paisoM bAvat kahA vaha tumhArA inAma samajha lenaa| hama riporTa nahIM kreNge| Dara thA kahIM koI aura chIna sakatA hai, usakA ilAkA hai parantu aisA kucha nahIM huA, vaha bhI DarA huA thaa| dUsare dina vaha paisA lekara AyA riporTa ke bhaya se to usase kahA rakha lo| isa taraha maiMne apanI patnI ke svarNAbhUSaNa prApta kara lie| apanI mA~ mAnakara sAsa kI sevA kI aura raktadAna bhI kiyA - merI sAsa vidhavA thiiN| unakI ekamAtra putrI thI jisase unakI sevA karanA maiM apanA karttavya samajhatA thaa| apanI svayaM kI matA kI taraha unakI sevA karate the| ve prAyamarI skUla meM zikSikA thiiN| (1) eka bAra zikhara jI kucha logoM ke sAtha gaI thIM vahA~ zikhara jI ke pahAr3a para gira par3I jisase unake hAtha kI kalAI cUra-cUra ho gii| unhoMne phira bhI darzana yAtrA pUrI kI aura banArasa A gii| vahA~ ghara para maiM nahIM thA merI patnI ne DaoNkTara ko dikhAkara plAsTara car3havAyA aura mujhe ko sUcanA bhijvaaii| maiM turanta apanI yAtrA bIca meM chor3akara vArANasI A gayA aura unakA ThIka se ilAja kraayaa| unakA hAtha pUrA ThIka hone para damoha bhejaa| DaoN. ne kahA thA aba ye isa hAtha se roTI nahIM bela sakeMgI, magara vyavasthita phijiyothirepI karAne se saba kAma karane lgiiN| (2) eka bAra peTa kA Aparezana kArAyA jisameM maiMne apanA khUna diyA aura vArANasI meM bI.eca.yU. meM ilAja kraayaa| parantu ve skUla kI vajaha se jidda karake devarI (baDI) A gii| vahA~ ThIka se dekharekha na hone se ghAva paka gayA bahuta parezAnI ke bAda ghAva ThIka ho skaa| (3) vArANasI meM hI unakI donoM A~khoM kA motiyAbinda kA Aparezana karAyA ThIka se sevA hone se vinA casme ke par3hane lgiiN| ve bahuta svAdhyAya premI thiiN| abakI bAra ghara nahIM jAne diyA gyaa| (4) eka bAra vaha ghara para hI damoha meM sIr3hI se gira gaI aura hAtha kI haDDI TUTa gaI usakA bhI ilAja kraayaa| jaba bhI unake pAsa jAte the to dAmAda ke rUpa meM unase maiM paisA Adi nahIM letA thA, jidda karane para gyAraha rupayA lete the bs| unakA sAmAna kharIdakara rakha Ate the| hisAba nahIM karate the| ve merA iMtajAra karatI thIM ki dAmAda Akara hamArI samasyAyeM sulajhA deveN| mere AtmIya jinakI vizeSa yAda AtI hai vArANasI meM mere mitra jinakA mere sAtha pArivArika sambandha rahA tathA jinhoMne mere sukha-duHkha kI ghar3iyoM meM sahayoga kiyA unako maiM yAda karanA cAhatA hU~ - (1) mitra pro. DaoN. narendra kumAra sAmariyA evaM pro. DaoN. jayakumAra sAmariyA - ye donoM mere sage bhAI se kama nahIM haiN| mujhe yA mere parivAra ko jaba kisI prakAra kI sahAyatA kI AvazyakatA hotI thI to Apa pUrNa tatparata: se sahayoga karate the| Aja bhI taiyAra rahate haiN| sabhI baccoM kI zAdI kI pUrI vyavasthA DaoN. jayakumAra sAmariyA ne smhaalii| phleTa jaba kharIdA to samasta aupacArikatAyeM (rajisTrI Adi) Apane hI karAkara hameM nizcinta rkhaa| bImArI meM to ve mere gharelU DAkTara the| tIja-tyohAra bagairaha hama tInoM parivAra eka sAtha milakara manAte rhe| bhopAla A jAne ke bAda unakI yAda bahuta AtI hai, phona para hI sukha-duHkha bA~Ta lete haiN| (2) vArANasI meM hI hamAre kucha anya AtmIya mitra the jinake sAtha hamAre pArivArika sambandha the| sukha-duHkha meM sAtha nibhAte the| unameM se kucha nAma haiM- DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, pro. kamaleza kumAra jaina, pro. phUlacanda premI, pro. azoka jaina, pro. DI.ena.tivArI, pro devanAtha pANDeya, zrI jamanA lAla jI, zrI dhruvakumAra jaina, zrI abhaya kumAra jaina, zrI jayaprakAza jaina, paM. zIlacanda, DaoN. premacanda nagalA, pro. gopabandhu mizra, pro. umA jozI, vivekAnanda aadi| (3) paM. vimala kumAra soMgyA saparivAra-saMbhavata: ye hamAre pUrvabhava ke bhAI haiN| inakI kRpA se hI yaha abhinandana grantha prakAzita ho rahA hai| (4) hitaiSI gurujana - pro. siddhezvara bhaTTAcArya, pro. vIrendra kumAra varmA, paM. jaganmohana lAla zAstrI, paM. DaoN. pannAlAla zAstrI, paM. kailAsa candra zAstrI, paM. darabArI lAla koThiyA, paM. amRtalAla zAstrI, paM. mUlazaGkara zAstrI, pro. khuzAla canda gorAvAla, pro. udayacanda jaina, paM. sUryanArAyaNa upAdhyAya, pro. vAgIza zAstrI, pro. rAmacandra pANDeya, pro. paMjAba siMha, pro. satyavrata dvivedI, pro. revAprasAda dvivedI, paM. phUlacaMda zAstrI, DaoN. ena. ke tailaGga, paM. hIrAvallabha zAstrI, DaoN. Ara.Ara. draviDa, DaoN. DI.sI.guhA, paM. bholAnAtha, paM. raNavIra siMha aadi| 149

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siddha-sArasvata (5) chAtra mitra - maiM apane sabhI chAtroM ko yAda karatA hU~ parantu kucha aise chAtra rahe haiM jinhoMne merI bar3I sevA kI hai, kucha nAma isa prakAra haiM - DaoN. paramezvaradatta zukla, pro.manulatA zarmA, sva.DaoN. reNu kumArI, pro. sadAziva dvivedI, DaoN. viveka pANDeya, DaoN. santoSa pANDeya, DaoN. paMkaja kumAra 'lalita' aadi| (6) bhopAla ke hitaiSI - bhopAla meM bhI mere sahayogI mitra haiM - DaoN. sarvajJa, zrI pramoda caudharI, padmacandra jaina, multAnacaMda jaina, mahendra jaina, zrI ajaya jozI, zrI sukumAla jaina, zrI aruNa jaina, zrI santoSa jaina, zrI anUpa jaina, zrImatI zazi jaina, zrI rAjIva jaina, zrI candrasena jaina aadi| merI aMtima icchA hogI ki maiM samAdhimaraNa ko prApta kruuN| saMkSipta kRtitva evaM vyaktitva parivAra - nAma prophesara (DaoN0) sudarzana lAla jaina janmatithi 01-04-1944 janma sthAna nanihAla, maJjalA grAma (jilA sAgara) mAtA kA nAma sva0 zrImatI sarasvatI devI jaina pitA kA nAma sva0 zrI mAsTara siddhelAla jaina 'baDakula' patnI kA nAma zrImatI DaoN0 manoramA jaina, jainadarzanAcArya (labdha svarNapadaka), pI-eca0DI0 putra evaM bahue~ - 1. saMdIpa kumAra jaina emaTeka (kampyUTara sAiMsa), pIeca0DI0 (U.S.A), grUpa DAyarekTara, sisko, amerikA 2. saMjaya kumAra jaina ema0esa0sI0 (kampyUTara sAiMsa, bI0eca0yU0) grUpa lIDara, sisko, amerikA 3. abhiSeka kumAra jaina ema0bI0e0 (bI0 eca0yU0), grUpa menejara, insyorensa, mahendrA eNDa mahendrA ,mumbaI 4. zrImatI arcanA (sozala tathA dhArmika), DA0 AratI (bAlacikitsaka) aura nIlU (emabIe) putrI evaM dAmAda - 1. DA0 zrImatI manISA jaina ema0bI0bI0esa0 (gAyanika mumbaI),DI0jI0o0, DIenabI (gAyanika), asisTeMDa prophesara, vidishaa| 2. pro0 DA0 ajaya jaina emasIeca pIDriyaTika sarjana pIpulsa DImDa vizvavidyAlaya bhopAla bahineM - 1. sva0 zrImatI trizalA devI jaina (khamariyA), 2. zrImatI zAnti devI jaina (rahalI), 3. sva0 zrImatI lalitA devI jaina (pATana) pautriyA~ pAMca - arcitA (posTa grejuesana, besTana), saMjitA (grejuesana, keliphoniyA), svasti (navamI meM), saMskRti (sAtavIM meM) aura aniSkA (pahalI meN)| nAtineM do- aJjali (navamI meM) aura sRSTi (sAtavIM meM) zaikSaNika yogyatA -ema0e0( saMskRta),pIeca0DI0, AcArya (jainadarzana, prAkRta aura sAhitya), hindI sAhityaratna ,jaina nyAyatIrtha, siddhAntazAstrI ,jainabauddhadarzana zAstrI zikSA saMsthAna - damoha, zAntiniketana kaTanI, morAjI sAgara, syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya vArANasI, banArasa hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI, saMpUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI adhyApana - vardhamAna kAleja bijanaura( lekcarara 05-09-1967 se 09-08-1968), saMskRta-pAli vibhAga kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI (lekcarara 12-08-1968 se 05-02-1984, rIDara 06-02-1984 se 06-02-1992 tathA prophesara 07-02-1992 se 30-06-2006) tathA vahIM para 01-02-2004 se 3103-2006 taka DIna (kalA saGkAya pramukha rahe) (5.8.1992 se 5.8.1995 taka tathA 6.8.2003 se 31.3.2006 taka do bAra saMskRta-vibhAgAdhyakSa bnaa)| sevAnivRtti ke bAda 11-03-2010 se 30-042012 taka pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI meM DAyarekTara (zodha) rhe| kulapati pada hetu do vizvavidyAlayoM 150

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1. siddha-sArasvata ke penala meM nAma rahA parantu bImArI kI bajaha se rAjyapAla ke AmaMtraNa para nahIM jA ske| isI bIca mujhe bAIpAsa sarjarI karAnA paDa gii| zodha-nirdezana - 44 zodhacchAtroM ne mere nirdezana meM pIeca0DI0 upAdhi prApta kI jinameM adhikAMza mahAvidyAlayoM yA vizvavidyAlayoM meM kAryarata haiN| kucha ke zodhaprabandha bhI chapa cuke haiN| sammAna -puraskAra(ka) viziSTa mahAmahima rASTrapati puraskAra, mAnava saMsAdhana bhArata sarakAra dvArA- prAkRtabhASA meM viziSTa yogadAna hetu 15 agasta 2012 ko ghoSita kiyA gyaa| isake liye prativarSa 50000 rupayA AjIvana diyA jA rahA hai| vizeSa rAjakIya samAroha pUrvaka rASTrapati sabhAgAra naI dillI meM mahAmahima rASTrapati zrI praNava mukharjI ke kara kamaloM dvArA dinAMka 17 janavarI 2014 ko sammAna-patrAdi diyA gyaa| uttarapradeza saMskRta saMsthAna lakhanaU dvArA svalikhita granthoM para cAra puraskAra- san 1970-1971 meM uttarAdhyayana sUtra eka parizIlana para; san 1993-1994 meM deva zAstra aura guru para; san 1996-1997 meM munisuvrata kAvya ke hindI anuvAda va sampAdana para; san 2000-2001 meM dravyasaMgraha ke hindI anuvAda aura sampAdana pr| AcArya zrIsumatisAgara smRti zrutasaMvardhana puraskAra- jainavidyA ke kSetra meM vizeSa yogadAna hetu munizrI upAdhyAya jJAnasAgara jI mahArAja ke maGgala sAnnidhya meM indaura jaina samAja dvArA rupayA 31000 tathA zAla, smRti cihna Adi dekara dinAMka 21 sitambara 2008 meM sammAnita kiyaa| munipuMgava sudhAsAgara puraskAra - munipuMgava zrI sudhAsAgara mahArAja ke maGgala sAnnidhya meM a0 bhA0 digambara jaina vidvat pariSad kI ora se koTA meM vizeSa sammAna samAroha pUrvaka vizeSa vezabhUSA Adi se alaMkRta kara tathA vaggI para bhramaNa karAkara rupayA 51000 diyA gyaa| isameM se maine 20000 rupayA sAMgAnera zramaNa saMskRti saMsthAna ko dAna de diyaa| a0bhA0jaina vidvat zAstri pariSad dvArA parama pUjya bhaTTAraka zrI cArukIrti jI mahArAja ke sAnnidhya meM dinAMka 16 akTUbara 2015 meM zravaNabelagolA meM rupayA 11000 tathA zAla Adi se sammAnita kiyA gyaa| zrI di0 jaina paMcakalyANaka mahotsava samiti bInA dvArA parama pUjya AcArya zrI virAgasAgara jI ke sAnnidhya meM samyagdarzana ke sampAdana hetu rupayA 5000 tathA zAla Adi dekara sammAna kiyaa| zrI digambara jaina varSAyoga samiti phirojAbAda dvArA parama pUjya upAdhyAya zrI nirbhayasAgara jI ke sAnnidhya meM 'pUjana kA vaijJAnika anuzIlana' ke sampAdana hetu rupayA 5000 tathA svarNanirmita om kA pratIka cihna Adi diyaa| tibbatI saMsthAna (DImDa vizvavidyAlaya) sAranAtha ke saMskRta vibhAga ne dinAMka 16 mArca 2013 ko sammAna samArohapUrvaka sammAnita kiyaa| vArANasI saMskRta vidvatpariSad vAgvimarza dvArA dinAMka 27 sitambara 2013 ko vizeSa sammAna samAroha meM kaI saMsthAoM dvArA sammAnita kiyA gyaa| vArANasI vidyAzrI dharmArthanyAsa kAzI, svAmI zrI svarUpAnanda sarasvatI zaMkarAcArya nyAsa ke svAmI zrI avimuktezvarAnanda ke sAnnidhya meM dinAMka 18 sitambara 2012 ko vizeSa sammAna samAroha meM puraskRta kiyaa| di0 jaina samAja sUrata meM muni zrI samatAsAgara jI ke sAnnidhya meM dinAMka 11 akTUbara 2015 meM a0bhA0 jaina vidvat zAstrI pariSad kI saGgoSThI meM rupayA 21000 se puraskRta kiyaa| tIrthakSetra zrI kuMthugiri jI meM munizrI kuMthusAgara ke sAnnidhya meM puraskRta kiyA to maine bhI vahAM ke vidyAlaya ke chAtroM ke liye puraskAra rAzi rupayA 11000 dAna meM de dii| brahmacArI bhaiyA pIyUSa zAstrI ke TUra meM maiM sapatnIka vahAM gayA thaa| 13. zikSaka divasa para I. 2007 meM bI.eca.yU. kalA saMkAya smmaan| (kha) anya puraskAra va sammAna1. keliphorniyA jaina seMTara mIlapiTAsa (amerikA) meM 18 se 27 sitambara 2004 paryuSaNa parva para pravacana karane 151

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siddha-sArasvata gayA thA to vahAM para sammAna kiyA gayA thaa| isake alAvA maiM jahAM jahAM paryuSaNa, mahAvIrajayantI, saGgoSThI Adi meM gayA vahAM sammAna prApta kiyA, jisakI lisTa alaga se saMlagna hai| kalakattA jaina mahAsaGgha (julAI 1989), rAMcI di0 jaina paMcAyata (10 jUna 1992), surabhigrAma Dagamagapura (25 disaMbara 2005), bhagavAn pArzvanAtha janma kalyANaka tRtIya sahastrAbdi mahotsava samiti gaNinI pramukha jJAnamati jI ke sAnnidhya meM (7 janavarI2005), sAranAtha sAnnidhya gaNinI pramukha jJAnamati jI (navambara 2002), ahamadanagara pAtharDa jaina dhArmika zikSAborDa (15 janavarI 2017), bhopAla sAnnidhya AcAryazrI 108 vidyAsAgara jI (16 akTUbara 2016), vArANasI zvetAmbara muni zrI vijayasUri jI, jayapura muni zrI urjayanta sAgara jI sAnnidhya, jayapura caumAsA muni zrI virAgasAgara jI ,udayapura jainadharma prabhAvanA samiti, sAMgAnera upAdhyAya zrI jJAnasAgarajI sAMnidhya, vArANasI bIecayU viDalA chAtrAvAsa, saMskRta vibhAga bI0e0; ema0e0 chAtroM dvaaraa| (ga) adhyayanakAla meM chAtravRtti - 1.pArvatIbAI chAtravRtti bI e meM (1960-1962); 2. zaMkaragaNeza karnATaka chAtravRtti ema e meM (1962-1964), 3. pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha chAtravRtti (1964-1965)4. sAhU jaina TraSTa (1963) jo maine nezanala Diphensa (pradhAnamaMtrI phaMDa) ko de dii| prakAzita grantha 1. uttarAdhyayana sUtra - eka parizIlana -yaha grantha uttarapradeza saMskRta akAdamI se 1970-1971 varSa meM puraskRta kiyA gyaa| yahI merA pI-eca0DI0 kA viSaya thaa| isakA prakAzana 1970 meM pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI se huA thaa| isakA dvitIya saMskaraNa 2012 meM pArzvanAtha vidyApITha tathA prAkRta bhAratI ekeDamI jayapura ke saMyukta rUpa se huA hai| isakA gujarAtI anuvAda prophesara aruNa esa jozI saMskRta vibhAgAdhyakSa gujarAta vizvavidyAlaya bhAvanagara ne kiyA jo pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI se 2001 meM prakAzita huaa| 2. saMskRta pravezikA - isake pAMca saMskaraNa nikala cuke haiM (1974; 1981; 1983; 1989; 2003) isake prathama cAra saMskaraNa siddha sarasvatI prakAzana se tathA paMcama saMskaraNa tArA buka ejeMsI vArANasI se chape haiN| isa grantha kI vizeSatA hai ki pratyeka peja ko prAyaH tIna bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai- Upara kA bhAga sAmAnya niyama batalAtA hai, madhya kA bhAga vizeSa niyama tathA nIce kA bhAga mUla prAcIna granthoM ke pramANa se saMbandhita hai| pUre grantha ko pAMca khaMDoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai-vyAkaraNa, anuvAda, nibandha, apaThita tathA pariziSTa / saMskRta vyAkaraNa se saMbandhita samasta sAmagrI eka sAtha vyavasthita upalabdha hone se kakSA 10 se ema0e0 taka ke chAtroM aura adhyApakoM ko lokapriya ho gayI hai| isake prakAzana kA uttaradAyitva aba tArA buka ejensI vArANasI ne le liyA hai| 3. prAkRta-dIpikA - isakA prathama saMskaraNa 1983 meM tathA dvitIya saMskaraNa 2005 meM pArzvanAtha vidyApITha se prakAzita hue haiN| isameM prAcIna vyAkaraNa granthoM ke sUtroM ke sAtha Adhunika bhASAvijJAna kA samAveza hai| isake cAra khaMDa haiM - vyAkaraNa, anuvAda, apaThita (saMskRta chAyA va hindI anuvAda ke sAtha vibhinna prAkRta bhASAoM ke uddharaNa) tathA pariziSTa (zabdakoza aadi)| 4. deva, zAstra aura guru - uttarapradeza saMskRta saMsthAna se ise I0 1994 meM puraskRta kiyA gayA hai| isake cAra saMskaraNa nikala cuke haiM (julAI 1994; sitambara 1994; pharavarI 1995) / isameM digambara jaina paramparAnusAra deva (Izvara yA tIrthakara), zAstra (Agama yA jinavANI) aura guru (muni yA vItarAgI sAdhu) kA prAmANika vivecana hai tathA mUlagranthoM ke uddharaNa diye gaye haiN| digambara jaina grantha aura granthakAroM kI vistRta sUcI dI gaI hai| isakA prakAzana a0bhA0 di0jaina vidvat pariSad ne kiyA hai| jaina samAja meM bahuta lokapriya hai| 5. munisuvrata kAvya-yaha mahAkAvya svopajJa saMskRta TIkA ke sAtha mahAkavi arhaddAsa dvAra racita hai jisakA maiMne hindI anuvAda tathA prastAvanA ke 62 pRSThoM meM jaina kAvya sAhitya kA aitihAsika paricaya diyA hai| isakA prakAzana siGkaI ToDaramala jaina kaTanI vAloM ne I0 1997 meM kiyA hai| uttarapradeza saMskRta ekeDamI ne I0 1997 meM puraskRta kiyA hai| tarkasaMgraha - yaha nyAya darzana kA tarka grantha paM0 zrI annaMbhaTTa dvArA likhA gayA hai| isa para maine hindI anuvAda tathA svopajJa hindI manISA vyAkhyA likhI hai| chAtroM meM bahuta lokapriya huI hai| siddha sarasvatI prakAzana se isake do saMskaraNa ( 1982; 2004) nikale haiN| isake bAda dUsare prakAzaka ne isake prakAzana kA adhikAra le liyaa| 152

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siddha-sArasvata 7. karpUramaJjarI - prAkRta bhASA meM racita yaha saTTaka nAmaka nATyavidhA kA kAvya mahAkavi zrI rAjazekhara dvArA likhA gayA hai| isameM mahArASTrI aura zaurasenI prAkRtoM kA samAveza hai| kaI vizvavidyAlayoM meM ise pAThyagrantha ke rUpa meM paDhAyA kiyA hA prAkRta bhASA sambandhI vistRta vivecanA kI gaI hai| isakA prakAzana I0 1983 meM bhAratIya vidyA prakAzana vArANasI ne kiyaa| 8. dravyasaMgraha-siddhAntideva zrI nemicandrAcArya dvArA likhita jainadarzana kA yaha grantha bahuta prAmANika aura pracalita hai| yaha prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha hai| isake hindI anuvAdaka haiM muni zrI sundarasAgara jii| gAgara meM sAgara kI taraha isa grantha kA maiMne sampAdana kiyA hai tathA vistRta bhUmikA bhI likhI hai| isakA prakAzana I02000 meM siddha sarasvatI prakAzana vArANasI se huaa| uttarapradeza saMskRta ekeDamI ne I02000-2001 meM puraskRta karake isakA sammAna bddhaayaa| 9. samyagdarzana-AcArya virAgasAgara kI isa kRti kA maiMne sampAdana kiyA tathA vistRta bhUmikA likhii| isakA prakAzana I0 2002 meM zrI samyag digambara jaina virAga vidyApITha bhiMDa se huaa| isake bAda isake kaI saMskaraNa nikle| 10. jaina kumArasambhava - mahAkavi kAlidAsa ke kumArasambhava ko mAdhyama banAkara yaha mahAkAvya zrI jayazekhara sUri ne likhA hai| isa para zrImatI DA0 nIlamarAnI zrIvAstava ne pIeca0DI0 kI upAdhi prApta kI hai| isakA samyak sampAdana karake vistRta prastAvanA maiMne likhI hai| isakA prakAzana I0 2011meM pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI tathA prAkRta bhAratI ekeDamI jayapura ne saMyukta rUpa se kiyA hai| 11. pUjana kA vaijJAnika anuzIlana-upAdhyAya munizrI nirbhayasAgara (Aja AcArya haiM) jI dvArA likhita isa grantha kA maiMne saMdarbha granthoM se uddharaNa dekara sampAdana kiyA hai tathA vistRta prastAvanA likhI hai| isameM jaina pUjA kyA hai, usakA sAdhya kyA hai ,usakA sAdhana kyA hai, pUjya kauna hai, pUjaka kauna hai, pUjA kitane prakAra kI hai, pUjA kA phala kyA hai, Adi kA vistRta vaijJAnika vivecana hai| devadarzana, maMtra, taMtra, vAstu Adi kA bhI vivecana hai| isakA prakAzana I0 2009 meM nirbhaya nirgrantha vANI prakAzana nAgaloI dillI se kiyA gayA hai| 12. dharatI ke devatA - yaha grantha muni sunIlasAgara dvArA likhita hai| isakA maiMne sampAdana kiyA hai| pArzvanAtha digambara jaina pustakAlaya bhelUpura vArANasI se I0 1999 meM prakAzana huA hai| 13. kaSAyapAhuDa (bhAga 16)-yaha digambara jaina Agama kA prathama saiddhAntika sUtra grantha hai jo AcArya guNadhara dvArA IsA se prathama zatAbdI pUrva likhA gayA thaa| isa para AcArya vIrasenasvAmI dvArA racita jayadhavalA TIkA (saMskRtaprAkRta mizrita) tathA hindI anuvAda ke sAtha I0 1990 meM bhAratIya digambara jaina saGga mathurA dvArA prakAzita hai| isake sampAdana meM maiM sahayogI rahA huuN| 14. taittarIya prAtizAkhya (15) - yaha pro0 vIrendra kumAra varmA dvArA likhita hindI anuvAda ke sAtha I0 1993 meM saMskRta sTaDIja eNDa risarca, saMskRta vibhAga bIecayU vArANasI se prakAzita hai| granthamAlA sampAdaka ke rUpa meM maiMne sampAdana kiyA hai| 15. AcArAMgasUtra eka adhyayana - yaha parameSThI dAsa jaina kA pIeca0DI0 kA zodhaprabandha hai| isakA prakAzana I0 1987 meM pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI se huA hai| isake sampAdana meM DA0 sAgaramala jaina ke sAtha merA bhI sahayoga rahA hai| 16. bhAratIya saMskRti evaM sAhitya meM jainadharma kA yogadAna - ilAhAbAda meM Ayojita vidvat saGgoSThI meM paThita AlekhoM kA maiMne sampAdana kiyA hai| DA0 premacaMda jI ilAhAbAda ke saujanya se isakA prakAzana a0bhA0 digambara jaina vidvatpariSad ne I0 1996 meM kiyA thaa| 17. mahAvIrakAlIna samAja, saMskRti aura darzana kI vartamAna meM prAsaGgikatA - yaha DA0 nAgendra pANDeya kA pI eca0DI0 kA zodha prabandha hai| isakA maiM granthamAlA sampAdaka rahA huuN| isakA prakAzana I0 2011 meM pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI se huA hai| 18. karmagrantha -zataka (karmavipAka bhAga 5 )- yaha grantha zrI devendra sUrI dvArA viracita hai| isakA hindI anuvAda evaM vyAkhyA paM0 kailAzacaMdra zAstrI ne kI hai| I0 2011 meM isakA prakAzana pArzvanAtha vidyApITha se huaa| maiMne granthamAlA sampAdaka ke rUpa meM kAma kiyA hai| 19. prAkRta hindI koza (pAiasaddamahaNNavo )-paM0 haragovindadAsa trikramacaMda seTha viracita pAiasaddamahaNNavo kA 153

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siddha-sArasvata kiJcit privrtitruup| mUla sampAdaka DA0 ke. Ara. candra ahmdaabaad| maiMne isameM granthamAlA sampAdaka ke rUpa meM kArya kiyA hai tathA prArambha meM sAta pRSThIya vAgvyavahAra koza (hindI se prAkRta) joDA hai| isakA yaha dvitIya saMskaraNa I0 2011 meM pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI aura prAkRta bhAratI ekeDamI jayapura donoM ne milakara kiyA hai| 20. draupadI kathAnaka - yaha DA0 zIlA siMha kA zodha prabandha hai| isakA prakAzana I0 2011 meM pArzvanAtha vidyApITha se huA hai| maiM granthamAlA sampAdaka rahA huuN| 21. jainadarzana aura zaivasiddhAnta meM sAdhanA pakSa : eka tulanA -DA0 zrImatI zAradA siMha kA yaha pIeca0DI0 kA zodhaprabandha hai| I0 2011 meM isakA prakAzana pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI se huA hai| maiM granthamAlA sampAdaka rahA huuN| 22. indraprastha se muktidhAma - isameM merI prastAvanA hai| lekhaka muni sundarasAgara haiN| I01999 meM isakA prakAzana pArzvanAtha diNjaina sosAyaTI Aryanagara, gorakhapura ne kiyA hai| 23. tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA (bhAga 4) - mUla lekhaka DA0 nemicandra jaina jyotissaacaary| maineM isa grantha ke cAroM bhAgoM meM samAgata grantha aura granthakAroM kI akArAdikrama se do anukramaNikAyeM taiyAra kI haiN| isakA prakAzana I01974 meM a0bhA0 di0 jaina vidvatpariSad ne kiyA hai| (kha) abhinandana grantha-sampAdana 1. sarasvatI varadaputra paM0vaMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya bInA, I0 1989; vArANasI prakAzana 2. paM0 jaganmohana lAla zAstrI sAdhuvAda grantha, kaTanI, I0 1989, prakAzana kuMDalapura 3. pro0 DA0 sAgaramala jaina zAjApura (jaina vidyA ke vividha AyAma, khaMDa 6) I0 1998; pI0vi0 vArANasI (ga) aprakAzita grantha - 1. kumArapAlacaritam - hemacandrAcArya viracita, hindI anuvaad| 2. svarUpasambodhana- bhaTTAkalaMka viracita, sNskRtvyaakhyaa| isI abhinandana grantha meM prakAzita / 3. anekAnta jayapatAkA bhAga eka - AcArya haribhadrasUri, hindI anuvaad| (gha) patrikA sampAdaka 1. syAdvAda patrikA, I0 1963 syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya, vaaraannsii| 2. saMskRta saudAminI I0 2004-2005, saMskRta vibhAga ,bIecayU vArANasI 3. risarca jarnala, kalAsaGkAya I0 2003-2004; 2004-2005 vAlyUma 09 tathA 10 bIecayU vArANasI 4. zramaNa I0 2010 se 2012 taka, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vaaraannsii| 5. vItarAga vANI mAsika, sailasAgara caurAhA, TIkamagar3ha (ma.pra.) 472001, mArca 2018 se prazAsanika evaM zaikSaNika pada 1. adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga, bIecayU (prathama vAra) 06 agasta 1992 se 05agasta 1995 taka (dvitIya vAra) 06 agasta 2003 se 31 mArca 2006 taka 2. DIna, kalA saGkAya bIecayU 01 pharavarI 2004 se 31 mArca 2006 taka 3. DAyarekTara (zodha), pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI 11mArca 2010 se 30 apaila 2012 taka 4. adhyakSa, kalA saGkAyastha urdU,marAThI,myUjolojI, jarmana, bhArata kalAbhavana, etheleTika esosiyezana, cAra chAtra hAsTalsa, (DIna kAryakAla meM) 5. kulapati pada hetu painala meM nAminezana do vizvavidyAlayoM meM 2006-07 7. DAyarekTara pada hetu AmaMtraNa, prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI jayapura se I02012 8. ekeDemika kauMsila membara bIecayU (vibhAgAdhyakSa tathA DIna kAla meM) 9. sadasya zaikSaNika kameTI, jJAnapravAha vArANasI I001 apraila 2004 se 31 mArca 2006 taka 10. vArDana viralA chAtrAvAsa bIecayU, I0 jUna 1991 julAI 1992 11. sadasya Ala iMDiyA oriyaMTala kAnpharensa I0 1978 12. kAryakAriNI sadasya tathA koSAdhyakSa, prAkRta jainavidyA pariSad, AoiM0oriyanTala kAnpharensa I01989 13; sadasya bIecayU University Disciplinary committee,Nonteaching staff Grievances committee,NAAC Steering committee, Enquiry committee, Revision Fee structure committee, Moderation committee 154

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siddha-sArasvata Joint Advisory Committee for AIHC & Arts, 46th Core convocation Committee (Arts Faculty Fifth), South Campus Barkchcha Committee, B.H.U.development & teachers Deputation Committee, examination,time table &Admission committee etc. 14. maMtrI a0bhA0digambara jaina vidvatpariSad I0 1992 se 1996 15. maMtrI digambara jaina samAja kAzI, nariyA mandira, vArANasI I0 1996-2003; 2009-2011 16. upAdhyakSa / upamaMtrI sanmati jaina niketana nariyA, vArANasI I0 14.8.1980 17. upAdhiSThAtA zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya vArANasI I09.7.1978 18. zikSAnidhi sadasya zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya vArANasI I0 1996 19. adhyakSa prabaMdhataMtra zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya vArANasI I0 2009 20. maMtrI / nidezaka, sampAdaka, sarvajJa bhAratI, zrI gaNeza varNI saMsthAna nariyA, vArANasI I0 1992-1993 21. upAdhyakSa a0bhA0 digambara jaina vidvatmariSad (dvitIya) I0 2000-2003 22. kAryakArI adhyakSa a0 bhA0digambara jaina vidvat pariSad (dvitIya) I0 2003-2011 23. adhyakSa mADarezana borDa utkala vizvavidyAlaya bhuvanezvara, uDIsA I0 2004 24. kAryakAriNI sadasya bhA0 digambara jaina saGgha, mathurA 25. sadasya adhyayana borDa aura mADarezana, jainadarzana aura prAkRta-jainAgama vibhAga, sampUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI, 1986-1988; 1996-1998 26. sadasya prAkRta anusaMdhAna upAdhi samiti, saMmpUrNAnanda saM0 vi0 vi0; 1993-1997 27. sadasya kendrIya maMDala Ayukta, uccazikSA madhyapradeza zAsana, satapuDA bhavana bhopAla, 2003 28. sadasya vidvatpariSad kAzI diljaina samAja bhagavAna mahAvIra trisahasrAbdi janmotsava 2004 29. saMyojaka saMbaddhatA nirIkSakamaMDala saMmpUrNAnanda saM0vi0vi0 1995-1996 30. sadasya saMskRta parIkSA borDa magadha vizvavidyAlaya, bodhagayA 1994-95 31. sadasya bIecayU pustakAlaya kameTI 2005 32. saMyojaka balasAhitya puraskAra samiti a0bhA0diga0jaina vidvatpariSad 33. sadasya vidvatsalAhakAra samiti pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI 1984; 2007- 2012 34. sadasya ekeDimika samiti, vahI, 2004 35. sadasya prakAzana samiti, vahI, 1988- 2000 36. sadasya varkiMga grupa samiti, senTara phAra DevhalapameMTa Apha eDavAMsDa kaMpyUTiMga,udyoga bhavana, vizvavidyAlaya kaimpasa, pUnA 1988 37. sadasya, varlDa jaina kauMsila 2600 vartha janmotsava lArDa mahAvIra iMTaranezanala koArDinezana kameTI 2000 38. sadasya uDAkA dala sthAnIya parIkSA tathA pIemaTI parIkSA bIecayU 2000-01 39. sadasya lokasevA Ayoga parIkSA tathA anya vizvavidyAlayIya parIkSA 40. saMskRta anuvAda vizeSajJa mahAtmA gAMdhI antArASTrIya hindI vi0vi0 bhASAkendra, lakhanaU 2004 41. sadasya zodha salAhakAra samiti, saM. saM. vi.vi. 20.3.97 - 14.11.2003 42. saMskRta vibhAga, adhyApaka saMgha pratinidhi, dinAMka 26.11.1977 viSaya-vizeSajJa ke rUpa meM niyukti hetu tathA zodhopAdhi maukhikI hetu AmaMtraNa 1; uttarapradeza uccatara mAdhyamika zikSA sevA Ayoga, mAdhyamika zikSA sevA Ayoga, ilAhAbAda 1989; 1993; 1994; 1996; 2001; 2004; 2005; 2014 2. Arya mahilA kAleja kamacchA, vArANasI 1993; 2002 3. DI0e0vhI0 kAleja vArANasI 1993; 1994; 2001 4. vasanta kanyA mahAvidyAlaya rAjaghATa , vArANasI 19933; 2002 5. lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTrIya saMskRta vidyApITha, dillI 1993; 1995; 1996; 1999%; 2004 155

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siddha-sArasvata 6. pUrvAJcala vizvavidyAlaya jaunapura (anekabAra ),1990; 1991; 1999; 2012 7. rAnI durgAvatI vizvavidyAlaya jabalapura,1994 8. risarca esosiyeTa prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa evaM purAtattva bIecayU 1993 9. saMpUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI 1996%; 2004 10. mohanalAla sukhADiyA vizvavidyAlaya udayapura 2000 11. pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI, bIecayU, paTanA vizvavidyAlaya, jammU vizvavidyAlaya, rAMcI vizvavidyAlaya, kAnapura, barelI, AgarA, lakhanaU, phaijAbAda, bhAgalapura, kalakattA, vihAra sTeTa vizvavidyAlaya, lADanUM jodhapura; paTiyAlA, bhuvanezvara, dillI caMDIgar3ha, yU0pI0esa0sI0 aadi| pa!SaNa parva aura mahAvIra jayantI para viziSTa vyAkhyAna evaM sampAdana 1. bijanaura jaina mandira, sitambara 1967 2. kAnapura di0 jaina mandira, zIzAmaU tathA paMcAyatI mandira, 1982; 1985 3. panAgara jaina mandira, mArca 1983 4. alIgaDha pallIvAla jaina mandira, agasta- sitambara 1986; 1987 5. kAnapura jaina mandira, sitambara 1985 6. lalitapura diljaina paMcAyatI mandira, apraila 1985,1987 7. ArA AdinAtha TraSTa, apraila 1985 1988 8 meraTha jaina mandira, agasta-sitambara 1989 9. dillI samantabhadra saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya jaina mandira, sitambara 1988 10. AgarA jaina mandira, apraila 1989 11. jabalapura jaina mandira, phuhArA agasta-sitambara 1994 12. jabalapura jainamandira, lADagaMja apraila 1994 13. vArANasI, agasta -sitambara 1992; 1995; 1996 14. ilAhAbAda jaina mandira, apraila 1995 15. jayapura jaina mandira, dIvAnajI, sitambara 1997 16. kuMDalapura tIrthakSetra, apraila ,1996 17. satanA jaina mandira, sitambara 1999 18. bhopAla nandIzvara jaina mandira, sitambara 2015; 2017 19. vArANasI saMpUrNAnanda, apraila ,2003 20. amerikA keliphorniyA mIlapiTAsa, sitambara 2004 saGgoSThI evaM kAryazAlA (adhyakSatA, mukhyavaktA, udghATanakartA, patravAcaka tathA saMyojaka) 1. bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna (yUjIsI seminAra, udayapura vizvavidyAlaya) akTUbara 1973; patravAcana 2. AtmA : astitva aura svarUpa (Ala iMDiyA oriyaNTala kAnapharensa, kurukSetra vi0vi0) sitambara 1974; patravAcana 3. parivartana aura vikAsa , (zrI nirmala kumAra bosa smAraka pratiSThAna vArANasI) akTUbara 1975; patravAcana 4. jainadarzana meM yoga (dhyAna) (svAmI rAmayogI antArASTrIya yoga seminAra ,kAnapura) 1980, patravAcana 5. kAlidAsa kI nATyakRtiyoM kI prAkRtabhASAyeM (yUjIsI seminAra, koyalasA ,AjamagaDha) 9-11 navambara 1983; patravAcana 6. bhAratIya darzanoM meM mokSa kI avadhAraNA (kAzI tattvasabhA thiyosAphikala sosAyaTI, vArANasI ) 29 janavarI 1984; patravAcana ,adhyakSatA 156

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siddha-sArasvata 7. vArANasI se prakAzita svAtantrryottara saMskRta mahAkAvyoM kA samikSAtmaka vivecana __ (yUjIsI seminAra nAgapura vizvavidyAlaya) 10-12 akTUbara 1984; patravAcana ,adhyakSatA 8. Agama granthoM meM ullikhita aGgagranthoM kI viSayavastu kA tulanAtmaka vivecana (Ala iMDiyA seminAra ahamadAbAda vizvavidyAlaya) 18 akTUbara 1986; patravAcana 9. mahArASTrIya prakRta meM mUla 'ya' varNa kA abhAva (prAkRta jaina vidyA seminAra pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI) 28-31 disambara 1987, patravAcana 10. pAThyakramoM meM mahArASTrI aura jaina mahArASTrI prAkRtoM kA AnupAtika samAveza, 1987 (prAkRta jainAgama vibhAga saMmpUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI) 11. AcArya kundakunda kA paravartI AcAryoM para prabhAva, janavarI 1988 (kundakunda bhAratI ,naI dillI) 12. AhAra-vihAra meM utsarga-apavAda mArga kA samanvaya,Akundakunda kI dRSTi meM, navambara 1988 ( a0bhA0 digambara jaina vidvatpariSad seminAra,jabalapura) 13. jaina Agama aura Agamika vyAkhyA sAhitya : eka adhyayana, disambara 1988 (pArzvanAtha vidyApITha seminAra, kalakattA) 14. vedAnta aura jainadarzana kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (saMskRta vibhAga bIecayU,vArANasI,1989) 15. prAkRta aura saMskRta kA tulanAtmaka vivecana (prAkRta seminAra ,baMgalora, disambara 1990) 16. jaina darzana meM zabdArtha-saMbandha (seminAra vidvatpariSad ,satanA, maI 1990) 17. jJAne pramANatvaM, pramANa -phalayoH bhedAbhedau ca (saMskRtavidyA dharmavijJAna saGkAya bIecayU, vArANasI , mArca 1993) 18. mahAkavi rAjazekhara kRta karpUramaJjarI meM ullikhita aitihAsika puruSa (rAnI durgAvatI vivi, tathA madhyapradeza saMskRta akAdamI, jabalapura, mArca 1994) 19. kyA mithyAtva akiJcitkara hai (a0bhA0digambara jaina vidvatpariSad, seminAra, kaTanI, akTUbara 1994) 20. jaina zramaNa saMskRti kI prAcInatA aura vaidika saMskRti (a0 bhA0 digambara jaina vidvatpariSad seminAra, ilAhAbAda,apraila 1995) 21. mahAkavi jJAnasAgara (sAMgAnera seminAra, jayapura, jUna 1994) 22. paM0mahendra kumAra nyAyAcArya kA jaina nyAya kA avadAna (ambikApura seminAra, apraila 1994) 23. vIrodaya meM RtuvarNana (a0bhA0 digambara jaina vidvatpariSad, ajamera, akTUbara 1994) 24. sAdhu aura gRhastha kI AcAra- saMhitA (bAhubalI gommaTezvara, karnATaka, disambara 1993) 25. jayodaya kAvya meM padalAlitya (a0bhA0digambara jaina vidvat pariSad, madanagaMja, rAjasthAna, akTUbara 1995) 26. jaina purANa vAGmaya meM mAnavakalyANa (rAjasthAna saMskRta akAdamI, jayapura, disambara 1994) 27. svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatIkRta vedavyAkhyA (saMpUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI ,1995) 157

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siddha-sArasvata 28. vedoM meM jainadharma ke saMketa (saMpUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI, pharavarI 1996) 29. jaina Agama granthoM kA lipikaraNa (lakhanaU, 3 jUna 1995) 30. sAgAradharmAmRta : eka cintana (zAstrI pariSad , nAgaura, rAjasthAna, 2000) 31. jaina vAGmaya meM mAnavIya mUlya (dillI vizvavidyAlaya, sitambara, 2000) 32. jaina purANoM meM hanumAna kA caritra (rAjasthAna saMskRta akAdamI, jayapura, vIrezvara bhavana,maI 1996) 33. pAtaJjala yoga aura jaina yoga sAnnidhya paM. yAsapravara DaoN. aruNa vijaya jI (zvetAmbara jainabhavana, mumbaI, 5-6 akTUbara 2002) 34. jaina-bauddhaparamparAyAM jJAne pramANatvam (saMskRta vibhAga, paTanA vizvavidayAlaya, apraila 2000) 35. Promoting peaceful Co-existence through Jainism (Jain Centre of Northern California, Inc, Milpitas, CA ,USA, October 9,2004) 36. sabhI darzanoM meM anekAntavAda kI anivAryatA (pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI, sitambara 2005) 37. dalita sAhitya eka vimarza (yUjIsI seminAra ,vasanta kanyA mahAvidyAlaya vArANasI, navambara 2005) 38. bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA anekAntavAda (saMskRta vibhAga, kurukSetra vizvavidyAlaya, agasta 2001) 39. bhAratIya darzanoM meM AtmavAda rAjasthAna vi.vi. jayapura, 24 jUna 2008 40. bhAratIya darzanoM meM IzvaravAda (rAjasthAna vi.vi. jayapura, 25 janavarI 2008) 41. jaina AgamoM meM nArI (rAjasthAna vi.vi.jayapura 25 janavarI 2008) 42. jaina AgamoM meM varNavyavasthA aura zUdroM kI sthiti (rAjasthAna vi.vi. jayapura 2008) 43. bauddha darzana para vizeSa vyAkhyAna, mu0atithi, saMmpUrNAnanda vi0vidyAlaya vArANasI, 30-11-1995 44. saMyojaka, saGgoSThI jinendra varNI ,jaina samAja kAzI, jUna 1997 45. vaktA, bhagavAna RSabhadeva, kulapati sammelana, hastinApUra, 4-6 akTUbara 1998 46. saMyojaka, mandira vedI pratiSThA, nariyA mandira, sAnnidhya svAsthya maMtrI araviMda jaina, 26-8-2000 47. saMyojaka, saGgoSThI, saMskRta vibhAga, saMskRtaviSayANAmupayogitA sAMpratike samaye 21-23 sitaMbara 2000 48. vyAkhyAna, saMskRta vibhAga, mImAMsA darzana kA svarUpa, 5-2-1995 49. vyAkhyAna, jainadarzana kA svarUpa, saMskRta vibhAga, 1-1-1995 50. vyAkhyAna, bauddhadarzana kA svarUpa, saMskRta vibhAga, 22-1-1995 51. vyAkhyAna, saMskRta vibhAga, vaidika saMskRta aura prAkRta bhASA : tulanA, 26-3-1995 52. saMyojaka, saMskRta divasa, saMskRta vibhAga, 9-9-1992 aura 25-11-2002 53. saMyojaka, gaNinI pramukha jJAnamati mAtAjI kA vyAkhyAna, mAlavIyabhavana, bIecayU, 21-11-2002 54. mu0vaktA, jainadarzane pramANamImAMsA, saMpUrNAnanda vivi, 8-2-1997 55. adhyakSatA, yUjIsI seminAra, dharma - darzana vibhAga, bIecayU, 28-2-2005 56. vaktA, zAstrI pariSad , sAgAradharmAmRta, sAnnidhya gaNinI AryikA supArzvamati , 2000 158

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57. mu0atithi, rASTrIya sevA yojanA, saMpUrNAnanda, yuvA mahotsava, saGgoSThI 'eDsa' 1-4-2001 58. mu0vaktA, jaina AcAra-vicAra, kAzI tattvasabhA thiyosiphakala sosAyaTI, kamacchA, vArANasI 29-1-1984 59. vaktA, mahAvIra jayantI, saMpUrNAnanda, apraila, 19853; 1986 60. saMyojaka, sAMskRtika kAryakrama, kalAsaGkAya, anekAnta bhAratI, 26-7-1983 61. mu0vaktA, 'jainadarzana meM Izvara paMjAba vizvavidyAlaya, caMDIgaDha, apraila 1993 62. mu0vaktA, punazcaryA pAThyakrama, kendrIya saMskRta vidyApITha, naI dillI 13-14 mArca 1995 63. mu0vaktA, bhAratIya darzana, paTanA vizvavidyAlaya, 2000 64. vaktA, vaidika saMskRti, saMskRta vibhAga, mAnava sampAdhana vikAsa maMtrAlaya, 1-1-1995 65. vaktA ,jaina tattva, terApaMtha paMcAyata bhavana, nAgaura, rAjasthAna, 21-1-2000 66. vaktA ,saMskRta jaina vAGmaya meM mAnavIya mUlya, saMskRta vibhAga, dillI vivi, 16-9-2000 67. adhyakSa evaM vaktA, DA0 e0ena0upAdhye vyaktitva aura kRtitva, gAjiyAbAda saGgoSThI, 2000 68. vaktA,zvetAzvatara upaniSad meM jaina tattva ,RSabhadeva phAuMDezana dillI,1-2apraila 1997 69. vaktA, pArzvanAtha ke siddhAnta : digambara aura zvetAmbara dRSTi, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha,1-2apraila 1997 70. vaktA, samayasAra meM dRSTAnta saGgoSThI, kundakundabhAratI, naI dillI 5-6 jUna 2003 71. saMyojaka, sArvabhauma saMskRta zikSaNazivira, saMskRta vibhAga, 2005 72. saMyojaka, vyAkhyAnamAlA (do) gaNeza varNI saMsthAna nariyA vArANasI, 29-31agasta 1993 (paM0 padmabhUSaNa baladeva upAdhyAya evaM paM0 javAharalAla zAstrI bhiMDara ) 73. adhyakSa, saGgoSThI, dalita sAhitya : eka vimarza, vasaMta kanyA mahAvidyAlaya, vArANasI ,26-11-2005 74. vaktA, dharma kI paribhASA, saMskRtavibhAga, 25-11-2002 75. vaktA, jaina tathA pAtaJjala yoga, saGgoSThI paMnyAsapravara DA0 aruNavijaya jI, muMbaI, 5-6akTUbara 2002 76. patravAcana, kAzI ke jaina parva aura utsava,saGgoSThI, jJAnapravAha, vArANasI, 3-8-2003 77. adhyakSa, buddha ke sAmAjika vicAra, pAlibauddha adhyayana vibhAga, 2548buddha jayantI, 4-5-2004 78. svAgata bhASaNa,paM0 vAsudevazaraNa agravAla kA yogadAna,sAnnidhya kapilA vAtsyAyana, yUnesko sadasyA 28-11-04 79. adhyakSa, mahAkavi bANabhaTTa vyAkhyAnamAlA, vasaMta kanyA mahAvidyAlaya, vArANasI, 8-12-2004 80. adhyakSa, anta:rASTrIya khela saGgoSThI, kalA saGkAya, 15-7-2004 81. adhyakSa, nauvIM punazcaryA, hindI vibhAga, bIecayU , 7-9-2004 82. adhyakSa, mahilA mahAvidyAlaya, bIecayU pleTinama jubalI, 31-8-2004 83. adhyakSa, saGgoSThI baMgalA vibhAga, baMgAlI bhASA aura sAhitya, 28-12-2004 84. adhyakSa, seminAra matsyapurANa, jJAnapravAha vArANasI, 22-2-2004 85. atithi, usmAniyA vi0vi0 haidarAbAda, bIecayU,10-3-2004 86. adhyakSa, jarnalijama eNDa mAsa kamyunikezana, saGgoSThI, bIecayU ,23-11-2004 87. adhyakSa, muzAyarA, urdU vibhAga, bIecayU, 16-8-2004 88. atithi, saGgoSThI, kharoSThI lipi, yUjIsI ekeDemika sTApha kAleja, bIecayU,9-5-2004 89. adhyakSa,nezanala seminAra, dI rola Apha vUmena ina iMDiyAja phrIDama sTragala,21-2-2004 90. atithi, telagU vibhAga, saGgoSThI, 21-1-2004 91. adhyakSa, phaica sTaDIja, bIecayU, saGgoSThI, 1-11-2004 92. adhyakSa, saGgoSThI, urdU vibhAga, 16-11-2005 93. mu0 atithi, mahAvIra jayantI ArA, 22-4-2005 94. adhyakSa, phaiMca sTaDIja, varkazApa, 16-3-2005 95. peTrana, parsiyana vibhAga,saGgoSThI ,9-3-2005 96. udghATana, dharma : darzana vibhAga , prathama riphrezara korsa, 9-2-2005 evaM 28-2-2005 97. adhyakSa, udghATana satra, nezanala saGgoSThI ,zArIrika zikSA vibhAga ,25-1-2005 159

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115. siddha-sArasvata 98. adhyakSa, lAyabrerI eNDa inphAramezana sAinsa vibhAga ,varkazApa,2-3-2005 evaM 19-4-2005 99. adhyakSa, aGgrejI vibhAga, iMTaranezanala seminAra, 18-1-2005 100. adhyakSa, aGgrejI vibhAga, riphrezara korsa,1-9-2005 tathA 21-9-2005 101. adhyakSa, baMgAlI vibhAga ,svAmI vivekAnanda jayantI ,12-1-2005 mu0atithi ,hisTrI Apha ArTsa eNDa TUrijma menejameMTa,25-1-2005 udghATana bhASaNa, saMskRta prathama riphezara korsa kAryazAlA ,26-2-2005 104. adhyakSatA, DijiTala lAyabrerI eNDa inphAramezana seMTara, saGgoSThI ,3-3-2005 105. udghATana aura pustaka lokArpaNa ,bhArata sarakAra kAryazAlA ,surabhigrAma,Dagamagapura 25-27disa02005 106. mukhya atithi ,baMgalI vibhAga, nezanala seminAra,TUrijma,25-1-2005 107. svAgatabhASaNa, bAbA sAhiba bhImarAva aMbeDakara, janma jayantI ,kalA saGkAya, 14-4-2005 108. adhyakSa, hindI punazcaryA pAThyakrama, bIecayU ,3-8-2005 adhyakSa, saMskRta riphrezara korsa, dvitIya,udghATana satra,18-3-2005 110. adhyakSa,hindI vibhAga,guru grantha sAhiba kI zikSA ,kabIra ke vizeSa saMdarbha meM ,26-9-2005 111. jaja,mahilA mahAvidyAlaya,saMskRta zlokapATha pratiyogitA ,2005 112. adhyakSa, purANoM meM jIvana mUlya,jayapura,21-3-2006 113. adhyakSa, vyAkhyAkAroM kI dRSTi meM kAlidAsa vAGmaya samIkSA ,vasanta kanyA0 7-3-2006 114. adhyakSa aGgrejI vibhAga, lekcara sIrIja ,udghATana,7-2-2006 adhyakSa,telagU nezanala seminAra,8-3-2006 116. vyAkhyAna, DI0e0vhI0 kAleja , kAvyalakSaNa ,15-2-2006 117. adhyakSa ,phArin laiMgveja,seminAra ,udghATana,27-2-2006 adhyakSa, udghATana satra, gaMgA sabhyatA AIHC&ARTS Department,10-2-2006 udghATana bhASaNa, pha~ca vibhAga varkazApa6-1-2006 120. patravAcana, bhagavatI ArAdhanA saGgoSThI , sallekhanA tathA mRtyu ,vidvat saGgoSThI,udayapura,1-3akTU0 2006 patravAcana, mUlAcAra , liMgapAhuDa tathA zIlapAhuDa kA tulanAtmaka vivecana,bAMsavADA,25-27akTU0 2007 vyAkhyAna,bhAratIya darzanoM meM AtmA , jaina anuzIlana kendra jayapura,24-1-2008 vyAkhyAna, bhAratIya darzanoM meM Izvara,jaina anuzIlana kendra ,jayapura ,25-1-2008 125. mu0vaktA , prAkRta jaina sAhitya,vaizAlI , vAsokuMDa,mujaphpharapura ,20-11-2010( 2-12-2011) 126. adhyakSa, pANDulipi sampAdana aura samIkSA ,iMdirAgAMdhI seMTara vArANasI ,kAryazAlA,-9-31 navambara2010 127. saMyojaka, saumyaguNAzrI vyAkhyAna, AlocanA aura prAyazcitta,pArzvanAtha vidyApITha,20-5-2010 128. saMyojaka, DA0rameza jaina, vyAkhyAna, candragupta aura kumArapAla ,19-6-2010 129. saMyojaka, pro0 DI0ena0 tivArI ,vyAkhyAna, vanaspati vijJAna aura jainadharma meM paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa,4-8-2010 130. saMyojaka, pro0vijayakumAra bAbU DAyarekTara Andhra vivi,haidarAbAda,Andhra kA baDDamANu jaina stUpa,21-11-2010 131. saMyojaka, zrI zaradasAdhaka ,saGgoSThI ,tIrthakara pArzvanAtha ,pArzvanAtha vidyApITha,28-12-2010 132. saMyojaka, Dhusschara kAryakrama ,8jUna se ujulAI 2010 133. saMyojaka ,dIpAvalI pUjana jainavidhi , pArzvanAtha vidyApITha,4-11-2010 134. saMyojaka ,dhyAna zivira, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha ,24-11-2010 135. svAgata bhASaNa, ArTa Apha liviMga , pArzaznAtha vidyApITha,22 julAI se 8agasta 2010 136. atithi, adhyAtma aura dhyAna, pro0e0ke0agravAla , mainejameMTa saGkAya ,15-7-2010 137. saMyojaka, prAkRta aura apabhraMza prazikSaNa zivira, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha,2011-2012 138. saMyojaka, bhagavAna mahAvIra kA vartamAna samAja ko avadAna,pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, 20-9-2011 139. saMyojaka, jainavidyA ke srota evaM usake maulika siddhAnta, kAryazAlA ,12-27 mArca 2011 118. 119. A. 160

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181. siddha-sArasvata 140. saMyojaka, bauddhadharma meM zUnyatA kA siddhAnta ,vyAkhyAna pro0e0ke0 caTarjI ,pArzvanAtha vidyApITha,21-2-2011 141. saMyojaka, navakAramaMtra kI aitihAsika vikAsa yAtrA ,pro0 sAgaramala jaina ,18-1-2011 142. atithi vaktA ,paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa ,maitrI bhavana, puNyatithi zarada sAdhakajI ,10-1-2011 143. svAgatAdhyakSa, paM0 madanamohana mAlavIyajI 151vIM janma jayantI ,mAlavIya mizana,18-12-2011 144. mu0atithi, sAmAjika utpreraNA evaM sahajIkaraNa kI nItiyAM ,vraja jAgaraNa samiti ,1-3disa0 2011 145. vaktA, saGgoSThI, varSAyoga samiti phirojAbAda , muni nirbhayasAgara jI ,24-25sitambara2011 146. adhyakSa, aspRzyatA ,saGgoSThI, rASTrIya mAnava zodhasaMsthAna , vArANasI 18-20navambara2011 147. adhyakSa, yugoM yugoM meM aspRzyatA, mAnava zodhasaMsthAna ,18-20navambara 2011 148. saMyojaka, ISSIS ke videzI adhyetAoM ko jainavidyA kA prazikSaNa,4jUna se 8julAI2011 149. adhyakSa, sAmAjika pichaDe vargoM ke utthAna hetu jAgaraNa,vajra evaM varuNa jAgaraNa samiti ,1-3disa0 2011 150. vyAkhyAna,pAMDulipi aura purAlipi , prAkRtabhASA aura jainAgama ke Aloka meM ,iMdirAgAMdhI kalAkendra,mArca 2012 adhyakSatA , padmanaMdi paMcaviMzatikA meM dAna, sAnnidhya muni saurabhasAgara,bhAgalapura saGgoSThI, 5-6akTU02013 152. vaktA, sarva karma kartRtvake vinaSTi kAraNoM para vicAra ,A0 vizuddhasAgara sAnnidhya,10-12akTU02014 153. mu0 atithi, mahAvIra ke siddhAnta, jainabauddha darzana vibhAga ,bIecayU ,16-4-2014 154. mu0vaktA, jainabaiddha dharma meM samatA , mahAbodhi sesAyaTI Apha iMDiyA, sAranAtha 14-5-2014 155. mu0atithi, jinendra varNI janmajayantI , chedIlAla jaina mandira ,jaina samAja kAzI,14-5-2014 adhyakSatA, zramaNa saMskRti kI prAsaGgikatA 21vIM zatAbdI meM ,saGgoSThI,24-25 pharavarI 2012 157. adhyakSatA , ayukarma patravAcana bhI ,vidvat zAstrI pariSad ,zravaNabelagolA ,14-16akTU02015 158. adhyakSatA tathA lekhavAcana, A0 vidyAsAgara, muni sAnnidhya samatAsAgara,vizA0pariSad ,sUrata,10-10-2015 159. adhyakSatA, karmasiddhAnta, zravaNabelagolA ,vizA0pariSad, sAnnidhya bhaTTAraka cArukIrtijI ,11-6-2016 160. sArasvata atithi ,Atma tattvavicAra rASTrIya saMskRta saMsthAna ,bhopAla,29-1-2017 161. adhyakSa, sAndhya upAdhyAya nirbhayasAgara ,saGgoSThI,paMcAyatI mandira purAnI sabjImaMDI ,ujjaina,27-28 agasta 16 162. vaktA, AOvidyAsAgarakRta mUkamATI , saGgoSThI ,vAjapeyI hindI vivi ,bhopAla 15-16akTU02016 163. vaktA , prAkRta aura jainavidyA pAThyakrama aura parIkSA ,pAtharDI ,ahamadanagara,13-15jUna 2017 163. vaktA, jaina zarIra vijJAna (zarIra nAmakarma) saMgoSThI, zramaNavelagolA 15-18 jUna 2018 164. patravAcana, samayasAra kalaza kA AsravAdhikAra tathA amRtacandra ke anya granthoM meM Asrava carcA, a.bhA.di.jaina vidvatpariSad, AMvA (rAja.) 20.10.2018 165. vaktA, jaina vidyA kI zikSA kaisI ho, sAnnidhya muni pramukhasAgara, patrakAra saMgha, govA, 24-26 akTUbara 2018 166. vaktA, jaina patrakAra saMgha, bhaTTArakoM kI bhUmikA, hummaca padmAvatI, jvAlAmAlinI evaM mUDavidrI, 29.10.2018 videzI zikSAvidoM se zikSA viSayaka vArtAyeM 1. DenamArka, pro. kItha jI yAska, adhyakSa iMDolijI vibhAga (esiyana sttddiij)| 2. cIna, ema. esa. vaanggttiNg| 3. poleNDa, trinidAda, nepAla, iTalI, thAIlaiNDa aadi| prakAzita lekha 1. anekAnta aura syAdvAda, jaina sandeza, 29 agasta, 1963. 2. kiM jainadarzanaM nAstikam, syAdvAd patrikA, navambara, 1963, pR. 21-23. 3. jaina darzana kA mahattva, zrIkAjIsvAmI abhinandana grantha, 13 maI, 1964, vI.ni.saM. 2490, pR. 133-134. 4. paryuSaNa ko parvarAja kyoM kahate haiM ?, jaina sandeza, 17 sitambara, 1964. 5. parIkSAmukha : eka anuzIlana, bhAratIya jaina sAhitya saMsad, parivezana 1 akTUbara, 1965, pR. 129-133. 6. sukhI kauna ?, jaina sandeza, 21 akTUbara, 1965. 7. paM. AzAdhara kI sarvatomukhI pratibhA aura unakA sAgAradharmAmRta, vIravANI, rAjasthAnI jaina sAhitya sevI vizeSAGka, 3 161

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siddha-sArasvata apraila 1966, pRSTha 20-26. 8. yajJa : eka anucintana, zramaNa, sitambara-akTUbara, 1966, pRSTha 31-38, 15-27. 9. A. haribhadrasUri aura dharmasaMgrahaNI, zramaNa, agasta-sitambara, 1969, varSa 20, aGka 10-11, pRSTha 21-29, 17-22,26. 10. uttarAdhyayana sUtra : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana, jinavANI, agasta 1970, pRSTha 9-19. 11. pramANasvarUpa vimarza, zramaNa, disambara 1972, janavarI 1973, varSa 24, aMka 2-3, pRSTha 3-15, 3-11.. 12. anukramaNikAyeM : (granthakArAnukramaNikA evaM granthAnukramaNikA) tIrthaGkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA, I. 1974, pRSTha 449-496. 13. bhagavAn mahAvIra kA jIvana-sandeza aura vartamAna yuga, smArikA, kuNDalapura, pharavarI 1975, pRSTha 36-40 14. mahAvIra kI dRSTi meM jAti, liGga, veSa, vaya aura saMgha kA kitanA mahattva ?, amarabhAratI, apraila 1975, pRSTha 29-33. 15. kiM jainadarzanaM nAstikam ? (parivardhita), zrImahAvIra-parinirvANa-smRti-grantha, zrIlAlabahAdurazAstrIkendrIyasaMskRtapITham, dillI, 1975, bhAga 111, pRSTha 29-32. 16. zravaNabelagolAyAM gommaTezvarasya mUrteH nirmANetihAsaH, gANDIvam (gommaTeza-mahAmastakAbhiSeka-vizeSAGka) vArANasI, 3-9 pharavarI 1981, pR. 12. 17. jainadarzana meM mokSa kA svarUpa : bhAratIya darzanoM ke pariprekSya meM, zramaNa, navambara 1983, varSa 35, aMka 1, pRSTha 18-24, tathA vande vIram, apraila 1991, pRSTha 26-33. 18. AcArya kundakunda ke granthoM meM nizcaya-vyavahAra kA samanvaya, anekAnta, naI dillI, julAI-sitambara 1988, varSa 41, ki. 3, pRSTha 3-8. 19. mithyAtva akiMcitkara nahIM, anekAnta, julAI-sitambara 1988, varSa 41, ki. 33, pRSTha 21, 32. 20. uttarAdhyayana meM mokSa kI avadhAraNA DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina kI dRSTi meM, prastutakartA DaoN. mahendranAtha siMha, zramaNa, varSa 40. aMka 7, maI 1989, pRSTha 35-38. 21. vedAntadarzana aura jainadarzana eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana, zramaNa, jUna 1989, varSa 40, aGka 8, pRSTha 10-16. 22. sAMkhyadarzana aura jainadarzana eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana, zramaNa, julAI 1989, varSa 40, aGka 9, pRSTha 2-15. 23. paryAyeM kramabaddha bhI hotI haiM aura akramabaddha bhI hotI haiM : eka samIkSA, paM. baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandana grantha, 1989, pRSTha 90-92, khaNDa 11. 24. bhAratIyadarzaneSu bhramajJAnavicAraH (khyAtivAdaH), sAgarikA, julAI 1989 varSa 17, aGka 11, pRSTha 1-8. 25. AhAra-vihAra meM utsarga-apavAda mArga kA samanvaya (AcArya kundakunda kI dRSTi meM), zramaNa, julAI 1989, varSa 40, aGka 1, pRSTha 11-15. 26. svAtantryottara saMskRta mahAkAvyoM kA samIkSAtmaka vivecana (vArANasI se prakAzita), sanmArga, 1989, 31 julAI se 3 agasta 27. mImAMsAdarzana meM niSedha-mImAMsA, ma.ma.cinnasvAmI-zAstrI janma-zatAbdi-smArakagranthaH, 1990, pRSTha 105-110. 28. virodhAbhASI guru ko zata zata vandana, paM. jaganmohanalAla zAstrI abhinandana grantha 1990, pRSTha 21-22. 29. tIrthaGkara-cihna eka anucintana, jaina sandeza, maI 1991, pR. 4, (tIna aGkoM meM) 30. aGga AgamoM ke viSayavastu sambandhI ullekhoM kA tulanAtmaka vivecana, AspekTsa oNpha jainolAjI, vAlyUma 3, ___pI.vI. risarca insTiTyUTa, vArANasI, 1991, pRSTha 50-85. 31. jainadarzana meM zabdArtha-sambandha, zramaNa, apraila-jUna 1992, varSa 43, aGka 4-6, pRSTha 27-39. 32. sAMkhya aura jainadarzana meM Izvara, anekAnta, dillI, julAI-sitambara 1992, varSa 45, ki. 3, pRSTha 13-16; tathA darzana bhAratI, jayapura, 1994, pRSTha 65-71. 33. sarvapallI DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan kI dRSTi meM jainadarzana, rAdhAkRSNan eNDa rilijiyasa kAnsiasanesa, rAdhAkRSNan memoriyala sIrIja naM. 1, bI.eca.yU., 1992, pRSTha 62-66. 34. zrImatI zubhacandreNa praNIto jJAnArNavaH, sUryodayaH, akTUbara 1992, varSa 69, aGka 10, pR. 11-14. 35. bhAratIyadarzaneSvIzvaravicAraH, sUryodayaH, julAI-agasta, 1993, varSa 70, aGka 7-8, pRSTha 41-42. 162

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siddha-sArasvata 36. prAkRta aura saMskRta kA tulanAtmaka vivecana, caukhambA saMskRta sIrIja, sencurI kAmemorezana vAlyUma, 1993, pRSTha 118-125. 37. A. kundakunda ke darzana meM nizcaya aura vyavahAra naya, vAtsalya ratnAkara, 1993, khaNDa / / , pRSTha 671-682. 38. AcArya prabhAcandra, vAtsalya ratnAkara, 1993, khaNDa / / , pRSTha 694-708. 39. mahArASTrI prAkRta meM mUla "ya" varNa kA abhAva, AspekTsa oNpha jainolaoNjI, vAlyUma 4, pI.vI. risarca insTiTyUTa, vArANasI, 1994, pRSTha 19-24. 40. jainAgama aura Agamika vyAkhyA-sAhitya : eka adhyayana, AspekTsa oNpha jainolaoNjI, vAlyUma 5, pArzvanAtha zodha vidyApITha vArANasI, 1994, pRSTha 38-47. 41. brahmavaivartapurANam, sUryodayaH, sitambara-akTUbara 1994, varSa 71, aGka 9-10, pRSTha 5-8. 42. vIrodaya meM Rtu varNana, kIrti stambha, zrI di. jaina samiti ajamera, 1994, pRSTha 90-95. 43. jaina darzanAnusAraM nArINAM sthitiH, sUryodayaH, varSa 72, aGka 9-12, sita.-disa., 1995, pRSTha 7-9. 44. jaina Agama granthoM kA lipikaraNa, zodhAdarza lakhanaU, aGka 26, julAI 1995, pR. 162-166. 45. nyAyakumudacandra aura usake sampAdana kI vizeSatAe~, DaoN. mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti grantha, 1996, pRSTha 25-27. 46. jaina zramaNa saMskRti kI prAcInatA evaM vaidika saMskRti, bhAratIya saMkRti evaM sAhitya meM jainadharma kA yogadAna, (smArikA), a.bhA.di. jaina vidvatpariSad, vArANasI, 1996, pR. 1-4. 47. jaina sAhitya meM hanumAn , rAjasthAna saMskRta akAdamI, jayapura, I. 1996, pR. 141-147. 48. Ao khojeM, saMsAra kI vastue~ kisa tattva se banI haiM ? jaina bAlAdarza, ilAhAbAda, akTU.1995, pR. 14-15. 49. kyA Izvara sRSTikartA hai ?, jaina bAlAdarza, ilAhAbAda, navambara 1995, pR. 3-4. 50. sukha-duHkha janma-maraNa Adi kA kAraNa kauna ? jaina bAlAdarza, ilAhAbAda, janavarI 1996, pR. 11-12. 51. karma-siddhAnta kA vizeSa vicAra, jaina bAlAdarza, ilAhAbAda, pharavarI 1996, pR. 9-10. 52. karmabandha andhA kAnUna nahIM, jaina bAlAdarza, ilAhAbAda, mArca 1996, pR. 27-29. 53. kina kAryoM se kisa karma kA bandha hotA hai ?, jaina bAlAdarza, ilAhAbAda, apraila 1996, pR. 33-35. 54. triratna meM samyagdarzana kA sthAna, jinavANI, samyagdarzana vizeSAGka agasta 1996, pa. 103 -105. 55. jayodaya mahAkAvya meM padalAlitya, jayodaya mahAkAvya parizIlana, madanagaMja, 1996, pR. 422-426 56. sAmAjika sandarbhe syAdvAdasya bhUmikA, sUryodaya, disambara 1996 57. vardhamAna mahAvIra aura jainadharma, gAMDIva, 20 apraila 1997, mahAvIra jayantI vizeSAGka 58. kSu. jinendra varNI eka simaTA sA virATa vyaktitva, disambara 1996, pR. 88-89 pArzvanAtha paJcakalyANaka, vArANasI. 59. indraprastha se muktidhAma prastAvanA, pR. Tha-tha, I. 1999, pArzvanAtha digambara jaina sosAyaTI Aryanagara, gorakhapura. 60. prAkRta ke muktaka evaM khaNDakAvya,jaina vidyA u.pra. zodha saMsthAna, lakhanaU, I.1998, pR.52-59. 61. pahale sudhAra kisameM (muni yA zrAvaka), dizAbodha, kalakattA, sitambara 1999, pR. 22-23. 62. zvetAzvataropaniSad meM jaina tattva, RSabhasaurabha, RSabhadeva pratiSThAna, dillI, I. 1997. 63. jainaparamparAyAM pramANatvaM jJAne, jaina-bauddha TreDizanas ina saMskRta,saMskRta vibhAga,paTanA, 2001, pR. 8-12 64. pArzvanAtha ke siddhAnta : digambara zvetAmbara dRSTi, zramaNa, janavarI-jUna 2012, pR.25-32. 65. pAtaJjala yoga aura jaina yoga kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana, prajJA, bI.eca.yU. 2003 66. zabdabrahmamImAMsA, saMskRtasaudAminI, saMskRtavibhAga, bI.eca.yU.2004-05, pR. 1-7. 67. jainadharma meM sallekhanA : jijJAsA aura samAdhAna, prAkRtavidyA, naI dillI, jana.-disa. 2004, samAdhivizeSAGka, pR.39-45. 68. prAyazcitta tapa kyoM? zramaNa, julAI-sitambara 2010 69. zvetAmbara aura digambara mAnyatAoM meM antara, zramaNa, apraila-jUna, 2010 70. Is Peaceful co-eistence possible through Jainism apraila-jUna, 2010 71. Individuals can practice in everyday life to become more tolerance through Anekantavada, Non-violence and Syadvada theories of Jainism, Sramana, April 163

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siddha-sArasvata ___June, 2010 How does me depender med en non-violence apraila-jUna, 2010. 72. AtmA kI vaibhAvikI zakti zramaNa, julAI-sita., 2010 73. paryuSaNa parva aura saMvatsarI zramaNa julAI-sita., 2010 74. dIpAvalI parva, zramaNa, akTU- disa., 2010 75. namokAramantra, zramaNa, akTU-disa., 2010 76. kAlajayI zrIbhaMvara lAla jI nAhaTA viziSTa vyaktitva' zramaNa, julAI sitambara 2010 77. jainadharma kI samAjopayogitA, zramaNa, jana-mArca, 2011 78. AcAryamahAprajJa viziSTa vyaktitva, zramaNa, apraila-jUna 2010 79. sabhI virodhoM kA samAdhAna : anekAntavAda aura syAdvAda, 'zramaNa', apraila-jUna, 2011 80. dakSiNa bhArata meM jaina dharma, zramaNa, apraila-jUna, 2011 81. bhAratIya cintana meM Atmatattva : eka samIkSA, zramaNa, julAI-sita, 2011 82. jainAgamoM aura usake vyAkhyA sAhitya meM nArI, 'vAcanA', rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya,jayapura, julAI-disa. 2011 83. digambara aura zvetAmbara pUjA kyoM aura kaise ? 'zramaNa', julAI-sita, 2011 84. bhagavAn pArzvanAtha aura unake dasa bhava, 'zramaNa', akTU-disa, 2011 85. bhAratIya cintana meM mokSatattva : eka samIkSA, zramaNa', akTU-disa, 2011 86. ATha yogadRSTiyA~ : AcArya haribhadrakRta yogadRSTisamuccaya ke Aloka meM, 'zramaNa', jana-mArca, 2012 87. saMskRta jainakAvya paramparA aura jaina kumAra saMbhava, saMpAdakIya jainakumAra saMbhava, pR.11-43,pArzvanAtha vidyApITha-2011 88. zrAvaka aura zramaNa pratimAe~, 'zramaNa', jana-mArca, 2012 89. upavAsa, zramaNa, jana-mArca 2013 90. jainadharma meM bhakti kyoM aura kaise? bhakti ke vividha AyAma, namana prakAzana, dillI 2016 91. kyA bauddha darzana meM AtmA aura punarjanma hai ? bhagavAn buddha kA jIvana darzana, 2017 92. jaina aura bauddha dharma darzanoM meM sAmya-vaiSamya - namana, bhagavAn buddha kA jIvana darzana, naI dillI 2017 93. bhAratIya darzanoM meM AtmA, namana, bhagavAn buddha kA jIvana darzana, 2017 AkAzavANI kAryakrama (AkAzavANI, vArANasI se saMskRtavArtA-prasAraNa, rAtri 8.00 se 8.15) 1. asmAkaM gauravagranthaH jJAnArNavaH (zubhacandrAcAryapraNItaH) dinAMka 1.3.1988 2. AcArAGgasUtre karmaNa: svarUpam (dinAMka 13.10.1992) 3. jainanaye karmasiddhAntaH (dinAMka 31.8.1993) 4. saMskRtasAhitye zizirartuvarNanam (dinAMka 11.1.1994) 5. zramaNa-paramparA (dinAMka 17.5.1994) 6. asmAkaM purANAni-brahmavaivartapurANam (dinAMka 9.8.1994) 7. saMskRtavAGmaye triveNIsaMgamaH (dinAMka 30.3.1995) 8. jainadarzanAnusAraM nArINAM sthitiH (dinAMka 11.1.1995) 9. sAmAjikasaMdarbhe syAdvAdasya bhUmikA (dinAMka 29.1.1996) 164

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siddha-sArasvata krama zodhachAtra kA nAma 1. DaoN0 ravIndra kumAra Arya 2. DaoN0 paramezvaradatta zukla 3. DaoN0 gItA zrIvAstava 4. DaoN manulatA zarmA 5. DaoN0 indrA cakravAla 6. DaoN ravizaGkara mizra 7. DaoN0 nizA nAgara 8. DaoN0 uSA devI 9. DaoN0 kumuda zrIvAstava 10. DaoN0 dharmacandra jaina 11. DaoN0(zrImatI) tArA devI 12. DaoN0 nAmavara siMha 13. DaoN0 udayanArAyaNa pANDeya 14. DaoN0 zazi zrIvAstava 15. DaoN0 zAradA devI 16. DaoN AzArAnI varmA 17. DaoN0 pIyUSarAnI agravAla 18. DaoN0 gItA 19. DaoN0 lakSmI devI guptA pI-eca.DI. upAdhiprApta jJAta zodhacchAtroM kA vivaraNa paJjIkaraNa upAdhi prApti viSaya kA mAsa/varSa kA varSa kAvyaprakAza nidarzana kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana 1974 jayadeva aura unakA prasannarAghava : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 1979 rUpagosvAmI viracita lalitamAdhava evaM vidagdhamAdhava kA janavarI 1977 1980 AlocanAtmaka adhyayana paNDitarAja jagannAtha ke granthoM kA sAhityika anuzIlana 1982 uparUpakoM kA udbhava aura vikAsa mArca 1979 1982 mahAkavi kAlidAsakRta meghadUta aura kavi merutuGgAcAryakRta jaina 1983 meghadUta kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana kavi kRSNabhaTTakRta IzvaravilAsa mahAkAvya samIkSAtmaka adhyayana mArca 1979 1983 udayanakathAzrita saMskRta rUpakoM kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana mArca 1979 1983 AraNyakoM aura upaniSadoM meM vanaspati aura auSadhivijJAna mArca 1980 1984 jaina saMskRta sAhitya meM bhakti kI avadhAraNA sitambara 1981 1985 taittarIya upaniSad kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana sitambara 1981 1986 RgvedIya aura atharvavedIya samAja kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana mArca 1983 1987 kavivara Anandazukla viracita javAharalAlaneharUcaritam kA mArca 1983 1987 samIkSAtmaka adhyayana zuklayajurvedasaMhitA meM Ayurvedika tattva mArca 1983 1988 bhaviSyapurANa ke brAhmaparva meM nihita Ayurvedika sAmagrI sitambara 1981 1989 saMskRta sAhitya meM kAvyalakSaNa aura kAvyaprayojana sitambara 1984 1989 jaina aura vedAntadarzanoM meM tatvamImAMsA sitambara 1984 1990 vaidika sAhitya meM zramaNa paramparA ke tattva mArca 1987 1991 mAlavikAgnimitra aura usakI TIkAoM kA adhyayana (kATyavema, sitambara 1987 1992 nIlakaNTha, tArAnAthatarkavAcaspati tathA rAmacandra mizra) bhAratIya darzana meM bhakti kI avadhAraNA mArca 1987 1992 pUrvamImAMsA aura nyAyadarzana meM pramANa sitambara 1984 1993 sAMkhyadarzana kA aitihAsika vikAsa aura mArca 1986 1993 usakA nAstika darzanoM para prabhAva bhAratIya darzana meM karmasiddhAnta sitambara 1989 1994 bhAratIya darzana meM Izvara kI avadhAraNA sitambara 1989 1994 vastupAla kI kRtiyoM kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana sitambara 1991 1996 sarvArthasiddhi eka adhyayana mArca 1993 vasubandhu kI vAsavadattA sitambara 1993 1998 jaina campU kAvyoM kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana sitambara 1990 1998 vedAnta meM samAjavAda ke srota sitambara 1991 1998 nAstika darzanoM meM kAryakAraNa siddhAnta sitambara 1991 1999 vedAntakezarI zatazlokI : eka parizIlana sitambara 1994 1999 vAlmIkirAmAyaNa araNyakANDa : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana sitambara1995 1999 bhAratIya darzanoM meM samAdhimaraNa : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana mArca 1995 2000 saMskRta kAvyasAhitya meM bhakti mArca 1993 sudarzanodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana mArca 1995 2000 saMskRta kI nATyazAstrIya paramparA meM abhinaya kI avadhAraNAe~ aura sitambara 1994 2001 pAramparika nATyanRtyoM meM unakA anuprayoga dhanaJjaya kI dRSTi meM rasa : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana janavarI 1998 2003 saMskRta sAhitya meM yathArtha janavarI 1998 2004 zrIlaGkA ke sAMskRtika anuSThAnoM para veda vedAGgoM kA prabhAva julAI 1998 2005 20. DaoN0 rAkezadatta mizra 21. DaoN premacandra zrIvAstava 22. DA0 vimalA kumArI 1997 23. DaoN0 surendrakumAra pANDeya 24. DaoN0 paramAnanda pANDeya 25. DaoN0 viveka pANDeya 26. DaoN0 savitA AsthAnA 27. DaoN0 vidharaMjana siMha 28. DaoN0 maNinAtha mizra 29. DaoN0 mamatA rAya DaoN0 suSamA devI DaoN0 sumana raTATe 32 DaoN0 ajayakumAra pAThaka 33. DaoN0 kalpanA pANDeya 34. DaoN0 rAginI zrIvAstava 35. DaoN0 arcanA siMha 36. DaoN0 arcanA agravAla 2000 37. DaoN0 renu rAnI 38. DaoN kamaleza kumAra 39. DaoN0 TI0esa0vizuddhi 165

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siddha-sArasvata 40. zrI sudhAMzumAra SaDaGgI 41. ku0 RcA zarmA 42. DaoN0 azoka kumAra 43. DaoN0 rAghava kumAra jhA bhAratIyadarzanaSu guNavicAraH janavarI 2000 bhAratIya darzana meM sApekSavAda janavarI 1998 vijJAnabhikSupraNIta yogasArasaMgraha kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana sitambara 2002 jAnakIharaNamahAkAvye vAlmIke: prabhAvaH eka sitambara 2002 samIkSAtmakam adhyayanam maharSinArada : eka cintana sitambara 2003 2005 2005 2006 2005 44. DaoN0 santoSakumAra 2006 166

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jainadarzana meM bhakti kyoM aura kaise? saMsAra ke duHkhoM se chuTakArA pAne ke lie dhyAna, tapa, vrata Adi karanA jana-sAmAnya ke lie bahuta kaThina mArga lagatA hai| ataH paramAtma-pada kI prApti ke lie 'bhakti' prathama sopAna ke rUpa meM sarvatra svIkRta hai| bhakta jaba bhakti meM aisA lIna ho jAtA hai ki use dhyAtA (bhakta) aura dhyeya (paramAtmA) kA bheda hI jJAta nahIM rahatA (abheda kI anubhUti meM DUba jAtA hai) taba vaha bhakti 'parama samAdhi' bana jAtI hai| vaha brahmalIna ho jAtA hai, apane duHkhoM ko bhUla jAtA hai, khAnApInA bhI bhUla jAtA hai| use saMsAra ke viSaya-bhogoM se virakti ho jAtI hai| jainetara dharma ke bhakta bhagavAn ko prasanna karake unakA sAmIpya cAhatA hai parantu jaina bhakta prArambha meM bhagavAn kA Alambana to letA hai parantu bAda meM apanI AtmA meM hI paramAtmA kA darzana karane lagatA hai| rAga-dveSa-janya karma se pariveSTita AtmA jaba karmabandhana se rahita hokara apane zuddha svarUpa meM A jAtA hai to vahI paramAtmA (Izvara yA bhagavAn) bana jAtA hai| taba usameM avinazvara ananta jJAna, sukha, vIrya Adi prakaTa ho jAte haiN| yahI mokSa kI avasthA hai| jaina kA ArAdhya Izvara kauna? jainadarzana ko anIzvaravAdI tathA nAstika (vedoM ko pramANa na mAnane ke kAraNa) kahA jAtA haiM jabaki vaha pUrNa Astika tathA IzvaravAdI darzana hai| vaha punarjanma, karmavAda, pApa-puNya Adi sabhI bAteM svIkAra karatA hai| parantu vaha anAdi Izvara yA jaganniyantA nahIM mAnatA jo isa saMsAra ke prANiyoM kI sRSTi, saMrakSaNa aura saMhAra karatA ho, bhakta kI bhakti se prasanna hokara usa para dayA karatA ho, bhakti na karane yA pApAcaraNa karane vAle se nArAja hokara daNDa detA ho, pRthvI para pApiyoM kA saMhAra karane ke lie avatAra letA ho, jo kabhI bhI saMsAra ke bandhana meM na rahA ho| jainadarzana meM mAnya Izvara hamArI aura ApakI taraha pahale sAMsArika karmabandhanoM se yukta the, bAda meM tapa-sAdhanA karake paramAtmA bne| pUrNa vItarAgI AptakAma (pUrNa tRpta) hone se ve na to bhakti se prasanna hote haiM aura na nindA se aprasanna / bhaktoM kI sahAyatA karane aura duSToM kA saMhAra karane ke lie ve pRthvI para avatAra bhI nahIM lete haiN| ve sarvajJa, sarvadarzI, AptakAma, atIndriya, azarIrI, arUpI, asIma sukha-vIrya sampanna hokara apane zuddha caitanya AtmasvarUpa se lokAnta (siddhAlaya) meM virAjamAna haiN| hama bhI sAdhanA dvArA Izvara bana sakate haiM kyoMki jo karmabandhana se rahita haiM ve Izvara haiN| ve sabhI ArAdhya haiN| bhakti kyoM prazna-yahA~ eka gambhIra prazna hai ki jaba ApakA Izvara bhaktoM kI koI madada nahIM karatA hai to jainabhakta unakI bhakti kyoM karate haiM? jaina zAstroM meM unakI bhakti, pUjA, upAsanA karane ko Avazyaka kyoM kahA hai? uttara-jainadarzana meM bhakti vividha rUpoM meM dikhalAI par3atI hai| bhakti, stava, stuti, pUjA, arhA, upAsanA, ArAdhanA, bhajana, makha, maha, vidhAna, yAga, kratuH, saparyA, stotra, japa, ijyA, adhvara, cAlIsA, yajJa, havana Adi bhakti ke hI rUpa haiN| granthArambha meM kiyA jAne vAlA maGgalAcaraNa, devadarzana, nAma smaraNa, guNa-saGkIrtana, sva svarUpa cintana, mandira-nirmANa, mahAmantra japokAra, samyagdarzana (dharma meM zraddhA) Adi bhI bhakti ke vividha rUpa haiN| bhakti ke do rUpa-jainadarzana meM bhakti ko do rUpoM meM vibhakta karake cintana kiyA gayA hai-nizcayanaya se aura vyavahAranaya se| 1. nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se bhakti-vItarAga bhAva se zuddha Atma tattva kI bhAvanA karanA nizcaya bhakti hai jo samyagdRSTiyoM ko hI hotI hai| nija paramAtmatattva ke samyaka zraddhAna-avabodha-AcaraNa rUpa zuddha ratnatraya-pariNAmoM kA jo bhajana hai, ArAdhanA hai vahI bhakti hai| nizcaya bhakti hI vAstavika bhakti hai| isameM jo paramAtmA hai, vaha hI maiM hU~ tathA jo svAnubhavagamya maiM hU~ vahI paramAtmA hai| ataH maiM hI mere dvArA upAsanA kiye jAne yogya hU~, anya koI nhiiN| isa taraha ArAdhya-ArAdhaka bhAva kI ekatA rUpa bhakti hai| ArAdhya pA~coM parameSThI vAstava meM apanI AtmA meM haiM, ata: ve hI zaraNa haiN| arthAt paramezvara (zuddha AtmarUpa) ke sAtha samarasatA honA nizcaya bhakti hai| jaise nagara kA varNana karane para rAjA kA varNana nahIM hotA usI 167

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prakAra zarIra ke guNoM kA varNana karane para paramAtmA kI bhakti nahIM hotii| 2. vyavahAranaya se bhakti-ahaMdAdi (arhanta, siddha Adi paJca parameSThiyoM) yA unake guNoM para bhAvoM kI vizuddhi ke sAtha anurAga rakhanA yA prema karanA vyavahAra bhakti hai| bhakti sarAga samyagdRSTi gRhastha zrAvakoM ko hotI hai| isameM bhakta aura bhagavAn kA bheda banA rahatA hai jisa kAraNa bhakta ArAdhya bhagavAn se Atyantika duHkhanivRtti yA mokSa kI prApti kI kAmanA karatA hai| jaise-bhAvapAhuDa meM kahA hai te me tihuaNamahiyA siddhA suddhA NiraMjaNA nniccaa| diMtu vara-bhAvasuddhiM daMsaNa-NANe/caritte y||163 / / jo nitya hai, niraJjana hai, zuddha hai tathA tInoM lokoM ke jIvoM dvArA pUjanIya hai aise siddha bhagavanta ! jJAna, darzana, aura caritra meM zreSTha bhAvazuddhi deveN| paJcaviMzatikA meM bhI kahA hai tribhuvanaguro jinezvara paramAnandaikakAraNa kuruSva / mayi kiMkaretra karuNAM tathA yathA jAyate muktiH / / 20.1 / / apahara mama janma dayAM kRtvetyekatra vacasi vaktavyo / tenAtidagdha iti me deva babhUva pralApitvam / / 20.6 / / tInoM logoM ke guru paramAnanda ke ekamAtra kAraNa hai jinezvara! isa mujha dAsa ke Upara aisI kRpA kIjie ki jisase mujhe mukti prApta ho| Apa mere janma-maraNa rUpa saMsAra ko naSTa kara diijie| yahI eka bAta mujhe Apase kahanI hai| maiM saMsAra ke duHkhoM se atyanta pIr3ita huuN| ata: maiM yaha pralApa kara rahA huuN| prArambha meM bhakti kA mukhya uddezya mokSa prApti thA, parantu vartamAna meM loga sAMsArika sukhalAbha se jor3ane lage haiM jabaki ise nidAna kahA gayA hai jo tyAjya hai| anta meM to nizcaya bhakti meM mokSa kI kAmanA bhI chUTa jAtI hai aura vaha pUrNa vItarAgI hokara AptakAma ho jAtA hai| "maiMne bhakti sambandhI kAyotsarga kiyA hai| usakI AlocanA karanA cAhatA huuN| cAroM nikAya ke deva saparivAra divya gandha, puSpa, dhUpa, cUrNa, sugandhita padArtha Adi se nitya abhiSeka karate haiM, pUjA karate haiM, arcanA karate haiM, vandanA karate haiM, namaskAra karate haiN| maiM bhI yahA~ rahatA huA unakI nityakAla arcanA, pUjA, vandanA, namaskAra karatA huuN| phalasvarUpa mere duHkhoM kA vinAza ho, karmoM kA kSaya ho, ratnatraya kI prApti ho, sugati meM gamana ho, samAdhimaraNa ho aura jinendra ke guNoM kI prApti ho|" (dekheM-kundakundAcArya, bhakti saMgraha kI aJcalikA / ) bhakti kI anivAryatA aura usakA phala-gRhastha zrAvaka ke 6 Avazyaka kartavya batalAye gaye haiM unameM bhaktirUpa 'devapUjA' ko prathama sthAna prApta hai - devapUjA-gurUpAstiH svAdhyAyaH sNymstpH| dAnaJceti gRhasthAnAM SaT karmANi dine dine|| paM.vi. 6.7 / / ye jinendaM na pazyanti pUjayanti stuvanti n| niSphalaM jIvitaM teSAM teSAM dhik ca gRhAzramam / / pN.vi.6.15| prAtarutthAya kartavyaM devatA-guru darzanam / bhaktyA tadvandanA kAryA dhrmshrutirupaaskaiH|| pi.vi. 6.16 / / gRhastha ke pratidina karaNIya 6 Avazyaka kartavya haiM-devapUjA, guru-upAsanA, svAdhyAya, saMyama, tapa aura daan| jo gRhastha bhaktipUrvaka na to jinendra kA darzana karate haiM, na pUjana karate haiM aura na unakI stuti karate haiM unakA jIvita rahanA niSphala hai tathA unake gRhasthAzrama ko dhikkAra hai| vastutaH zrAvakoM (gRhasthoM) ko prAtaHkAla uThakara jinendra deva tathA nirgrantha guru kA darzana karanA caahie| bhaktipUrvaka unakI vandanA karake unase dharma-zravaNa karanA cAhie, tadanantara hI anya kArya karanA caahie| AcArya somadeva svAmI ne bhI kahA hai apUjayitvA yo devAn munInanupacarya c| 168

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yo bhuJjIta gRhasthaH san sa bhuJjIta paraM tamaH / / (amitagati zrAvakAcAra 1.55) jo gRhastha arhanta-siddhAdi devoM kI pUjA tathA muniyoM kI upacaryA (sevAdi) kiye binA anna kA bhakSaNa karatA hai vaha ghora andhakAra vAle sAtaveM naraka kI kumbhIpAka vila meM utpanna hokara mahAn kaSToM ko bhogatA hai| pUjA-bhakti ke phala kA kathana karate hue bhagavatI-ArAdhanA (745, 749) meM spaSTa kahA hai eyA vi sA samatthA jiNabhattI duggaiM NivArei / / puNNANi ya pUreduM Asiddhi-paraM parasuhANaM / / vIyeNa viNA sassaM icchadi so vAsamabmaeNa vinnaa| ArAdhaNamicchaMto aaraadhnn-bhktimkrNto|| akelI jiNabhakti se durgata kA nivAraNa hotA hai| puNya kI atyadhika vRddhi hotI hai| mokSa prApti ke pUrva cakravartI, ahamindra Adi padoM kI prApti hotI hai| jo vyakti ArAdhanA rUpa bhakti ke binA mukti cAhatA hai, vaha bIja ke binA dhAnyaprApti aura megha ke binA jalavRSTi cAhatA hai| (paJcaviMdhatikA 6.15-16 tathA dekheM vasunandi zrAva kA cAra 478) sarva kaSTa nivAraka jainadarzana kA mahAmantra NamokAra (Namo arihaMtANaM, Namo siddhArtha, Namo AyariyANaM Namo uvajjhAyANaM Namo loe sabba sAhUNaM) bhI bhakti kA rUpa hai jise jainI pratidina tInoM kAla bhajatA hai arahaMta NamokkAraM bhAveNa ya jo karedi pydmdii| so sabbadukkhamokkhaM pAvadi acireNa kAleNa / / / isa taraha jainadarzana meM vyavahAra bhakti kI bahuta vistAra se prarUpaNA kI gaI hai| vastutaH sAmAnyajana ke lie bhakti hI usa paramabrahma paramAtmA kI prApti kA saralatama prathama upAya (sopAna) hai| yahI vyavahAra bhakti jaba nizcayabhakti rUpa dhyAna meM pariNata ho jAtI hai to use abhISTa mokSa prApta ho jAtA hai| isIlie ratnatraya (samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra) ko sammilita rUpa se mokSa kA mArga batalAyA gayA hai| samyagdarzana jo zraddhA-bhakti kA pratirUpa hai, usake hone para hI samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra hotA hai| prasanna hone kA arthaprazna- jaba Apake bhagavAn vItarAgI haiM to unakI bhakti karate hue unheM prasanna hoM', 'hameM bodhilAbha deveM' Adi kyoM kahA gayA hai? uttara - 'prasanna hoM' yaha kathana vyavahAra meM kahA jAtA hai| AptaparIkSA kI TIkA meM spaSTa kahA gayA hai-vItarAga parameSThiyoM meM jo prasAda guNa kahA gayA hai vaha unake ziSyoM (bhaktoM) kA prasanna mana honA hI hai kyoMki vItarAgiyoM meM tuSTayAtmaka prasannatA sambhava nahIM hai, krodha bhI sambhava nahIM kintu jaba bhakta ArAdhaka prasanna mana se unakI upAsanA karatA hai to use bhagavAn kI prasannatA kaha diyA jAtA hai, jaise prasanna mana se auSadhi kA sevana karane se ArogyalAbha hone para use usa auSadhi kA phala kahA jAtA hai| usI prakAra bhagavAn kI bhakti karane para bhakta ke bhAvoM (pariNAmoM) meM nirmalatA AtI hai aura usake prabhAva se pApakoM kA AvaraNa haTatA hai| aura use abhISTa phala milatA hai| unheM upacAra se vyavahAra meM prasanna honA' Adi kahA jAtA hai| aisA hI mokSamArga prakAzaka meM kahA hai- arhanta ko upacAra se 'adhama uddhAraka' Adi kahA gayA hai, phala apane hI pariNAmoM kA hI hai| isI taraha dhavalA meM bhI kahA hai-'jina-vandanA rUpa bhakti pApoM kI vinAzaka nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para unakI vItarAgatA ke abhAva kA prasaGga hotA hai| ataH parizeSanyAya se jina guNa-pariNata bhAvoM ko pApavinAzaka mAnanA caahie| ci 1. tIrthakara bhakti (caturviMzati tIrthakara stava)-isameM 24 arhanta tIrthaGkaroM ke guNoM kI stuti karake unake guNoM ko ___ apane meM prakaTa hone kI kAmanA kI gaI hai| vastuta: ye hI hamAre sAkSAt mArgadarzaka haiN| 2. siddha bhakti-nirvANa ko prApta siddha bhagavantoM kI stuti hai| 3. zruta bhakti (zAstra bhakti)-isameM jinopadiSTa Agama granthoM (zruta) kI stuti hai| kyoMki unase hI hameM mArgadarzana prApta hotA hai| 4. cAritra bhakti-sAmAyikAdi 5 prakAra ke cAritra tathA pA~ca mahAvratoM kI bhakti kyoMki ye hI mokSaprApti ke sAdhana haiN| 169

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5. yogi bhakti-mahAvratAdi guNoM ke dhAraka-vItarAgI dhyAnastha muniyoM kI bhkti| 6. AcArya bhakti-AcArya parameSThiyoM kI bhkti| 7. nirvANa bhakti-jahA~ se tIrthaGkarAdiyoM ne nirvANa (mokSa) prApta kiyA hai una nirvANa-bhUmiyoM kI bhakti ke mAdhyama se muktAtmAoM kI bhkti| 8. nandIzvara bhakti-nandIzvara dvIpa meM sthita akRtrima jina pratimAoM kI bhakti / nandIzvara dvIpa taka manuSya nahIM jA sakate, vahA~ devagaNa saparivAra pUjanAdi karate haiN| hama yahA~ rahakara unakI bhakti karate haiN| 9. zAnti bhakti 'pA~ca kalyANakoM se yukta, cauMtIsa atizayAdi se yukta RSabhAdi tIrthaGkaroM kI bhkti| 10. samAdhi bhakti-ratnatraya-prarUpaka dhyAnAvasthA meM vidyamAna tathA paramAtmA ke dhyAna rUpa samAdhi kI bhkti| yaha siddha hone ke pUrva samAdhi rUpa sAdhana kI bhakti hai| 11. paJcaguru bhakti (paJca parameSThI bhakti)-pA~co parameSThiyoM (arhanta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu) ke guNoM ke saGkIrtana rUpa bhkti| AcArya Adi mokSamArgArUr3ha hone se unheM bhI bhakti yogya kahA gayA hai| ina pA~coM ko hitopadeSTA guru kahA jAtA hai| 12. caitya bhakti-mandiroM (caityAlayoM) meM virAjamAna arhanta Adi ke pratibimboM (pratimAoM yA mUrtiyoM) kI bhkti| inameM se nandIzvara bhakti, zAnti bhakti, caitya bhakti aura samAdhi bhakti ye cAroM bhaktiyA~ gadya (aJcalikA rUpa) meM haiM zeSa 8 bhaktiyA~ padya (prAkRta padya) meM tathA 'icchAmi bhaMte' rUpa saMkSipta gadya meM haiN| caitya bhakti aura samAdhi bhakti ko chor3akara zeSa 10 bhaktiyA~ prasiddha haiN| ye muniyoM ke dvArA nitya paThanIya haiN| siddha bhakti kI saMskRta TIkA meM prabhAcandrAcArya ne likhA hai ki samasta saMskRta bhaktiyA~ pUjyapAda svAmI kRta haiM tathA prAkRta bhaktiyA~ AcArya kundakunda kRta haiN| padmanandikRta prAkRta bhaktiyA~ tathA zrutasAgara kRta saMskRta bhaktiyA~ bhI milatI haiN| navadhA bhakti : jaina zrAvaka ke ghara jaba digambara jaina sAdhu AhArArtha dvAra para AtA hai taba zrAvaka use navadhA bhaktipUrvaka gRha-praveza karAtA hai pazcAt digambara sAdhu vidhipUrvaka AhAra grahaNa karatA hai| navadhA bhakti isa prakAra hai - 1. paDigahaNaM kAyavvaM Namotthu' (namo'stu), 'atra atra', 'tiSTha tiSTha' kahakara sAdhu ko roknaa| 2. nirdoSa tathA ucca Asana para baitthaanaa| 3. caraNa-prakSAlana krnaa| 4. pavitra caraNodaka ko mastaka para lgaanaa| 5. aSTa dravya se pUjA krnaa| 6. caraNoM meM puSpAJjali samarpita kara vandanA krnaa| 7. se 9. zuddha bhAva se mana, vacana, kAya kI zuddhi bolakara tathA AhAra-zuddhibolakara AhAra grahaNa kI prArthanA krnaa| jinapUjA vicAra-pratidina 'jina-pUjA' ko digambara- zvetAmbara (mUrti pUjaka) donoM paramparAoM meM Avazyaka kartavya batalAyA gayA hai| tadAkAra athavA nirAkAra vastu meM pUjA kara sakate haiN| vastutaH zarIra meM sthita AtmA hI deva hai| deva to bhAvoM meM haiM, mUrti meM nhiiN| aisA hone para bhI tadAkAra mUrti kI pUjA kA vidhAna hai kyoMki arhat pratibimba ko dekhakara unake guNoM kA sAkSAt smaraNa ho jAtA hai aura tadvat bhAva hote haiM, jaise putra, zatru, mitra Adi ke citroM ko dekhakara tadAkAra bhAva hote haiN| dravya car3hAne se mana kI sthiratA banI rahatI hai, binA dravya car3hAye bhI pUjA kI jA sakatI hai jo vizeSakara muni (aparigrahI sAdhu) karate haiN| isIlie pUjA do prakAra kI hai- dravya pUjA aura bhAva pUjA (vacanoM se guNoM kA stvn)| pUjA ke pUrva abhiSeka kA bhI vidhAna hai| kucha kevala zuddha jala se abhiSeka karate haiM aura kucha paJcAmRta se| kucha acitta dravya se pUjA karate haiM tathA kucha sacitta-acitta donoM se| bhAvanA hai sva-svarUpopalabdhi yA paramAtma pdpraapti| pUjA sambandhI vidhi vidhAna bhI haiN| AcArya pUjyapAda (I.5212), abhayanandi (I.10-11 za.) indranandi nayanandi, zrutasAgara, malliSeNa Adi dvArA likhita vipula purAtana pUjA-bhakti sAhitya bhI hai| jaina jo sAmagrI (dravya, sonA, rupayA Adi) bhagavAn jinendra ke caraNoM meM samarpita karate haiM vaha unheM nirmAlya (agrAhya) hotI hai| kyoMki vaha unhoMne bhagavAn ko samarpita kara dI hai, aba usakA upayoga unakA sevaka mAlI Adi kara sakatA hai, vo nhiiN| yA dharma kArya (mandira nirmANa Adi) meM usakA upayoga ho sakatA hai| hinduoM kI taraha 'prasAda' 170

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lene kI paramparA nahIM hai| pUjA-bhakti ke prakAra 1. nAma-stava-bhagavAn ke guNoM kA mana se smaraNa karanA, vacanoM se stuti karanA, tathA kAyA se lalATa para hAtha jor3akara namaskAra krnaa| tIrthaGkaroM ke guNAnusArI 1008 nAmoM kA smaraNAdi krnaa| 2. sthApanA-stava-tIrthaGkaroM ke samasta guNoM ko dhAraNa karane vAlI jina pratimAoM kA kIrtana krnaa| jina-pratimAyeM sthApanA nikSepa se pUjya haiM yadi unakI vidhipUrvaka mantroM dvArA paJcakalyANaka ke mAdhyama se pratiSThA (jinendra ke guNoM kI sthApanA jise jainetara prANapratiSThA kahate haiM) kI gaI ho, anyathA ve tathA citrAdi pUjanIya nahIM haiN| 3. stava-tIrthaGkaroM ke divya zarIroM ke svarUpa ko smaraNa karate hue unakA kIrtana krnaa| 4. kSetra stava-tIrthaGkaroM ke garbha, janma Adi pA~ca kalyANakoM se pavitra sthAnoM (nagara, vana, parvata Adi) kA varNana krnaa| jaise ayodhyA, siddhArthavana, kailAza parvata Adi ke mahattva kA vrnnn| 5. kAla stava-tIrthaGkaroM ke garbha, janma Adi pA~ca kalyANakoM kI prazasta kriyAoM se jo kAla mahattva ko prApta huA hai aise kAla ke mahattva ko jAnate hue usa kAla meM anuSThAna Adi krnaa| jaise bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa divasa para (dIpAvalI para), janma divasa (caitra zuklA trayodazI) pr| 6. bhAva stava-bhagavantoM ke ananta jJAna, darzana, vIrya, sukha, kSAyika-samyaktva avyAbAdhatva, vItarAgatA Adi guNoM kI stuti| pUjA ke anya prakAra - 1. sadArcana yA nityamaha (nitya pUjA)-jana sAmAnya sabhI ke dvArA nitya kI jAne vAlI puujaa| . 2. caturmukha (sarvatobhadra yA mahAmaha)-mukuTabaddha rAjAoM dvArA kI jAne vAlI puujaa| 3. kalpadruma pUjA-cakravartI rAjAoM dvArA kimicchika dAna (yAcaka kI icchAnusAra dAna) dekara kI jAne vAlI puujaa| 4. ASTAhnika pUjA-ASTAhnika parva meM kI jAne vAlI puujaa| 5. aindradhvaja pUjA-devendroM dvArA kI jAne vAlI puujaa| isI taraha anya vividha naimittika pUjAe~ haiN| jaise dazalakSaNa pUjA, solahakAraNa, paJcameru aadi| jainadarzana meM jinendra ke guNoM kI pUjA (bhakti) kA vidhAna hai| unake mArga para ArUr3ha paJcaparameSThiyoM (arhanta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu), jinopadiSTa zAstroM, jina maMdira (caityAlaya), jina dharma aura caitya (pratiSThita pratimAyeM) ina nava devoM ko pUjya kahA hai| sabhI jinendroM meM guNoM kI apekSA ekatva (abheda) mAnakara eka kI vandanA se sabakI vandanA sambhava hai yadi anya kA niSedha na kiyA jaae| isa taraha jainadarzana meM bahuta rUpoM meM aura bahuta vyApaka bhakti milatI hai| Izvara vItarAgI hai phira bhI usake guNoM ke saGkIrtana se karmakSaya, puNyalAbha, sAMsArika sukha aura paramparayA mokSa (Atyantika sukha) milatA hai| bhAratIya cintana meM Atma-tattva : eka samIkSA (isa Alekha meM sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM tathA tantra siddhAntoM meM svIkRta AtmA ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM gambhIra evaM samIkSAtmaka cintana kiyA gayA hai| isa cintana ke mAdhyama se yaha siddha kiyA gayA hai ki AtmA kI nityatA, anityatA, aNurUpatA, vyApakatA, zarIra-parimANatA, sUkSmatA Adi kA samanvaya kaise kiyA jA sakatA hai| AtmA cetana hai, jJAnarUpa hai tathA zarIra-indriyAdi se bhinna hai| jainadRSTi hI isa sandarbha meM kharI utaratI hai|) bhAratIya darzana meM Atma-tattva (cetana tattva) ke sambandha meM bahuta gambhIratA se cintana huA hai| AtmA zarIra se bhinna hai yA abhinna, eka hai yA aneka, aNurUpa hai yA vyApaka yA zarIra-parimANa, nitya hai yA anitya, jJAna usakA apanA svabhAva hai yA Agantuka dharma? ityAdi praznoM kA samAdhAna vibhinna dharmoM meM vibhinna prakAra se milatA hai1. anAtmavAdI cArvAka darzana zarIra, indriya, mana Adi se cetana tattva ko pRthak svIkAra nahIM karane vAle cArvAka darzana kI mAnyatA hai ki 'pRthvI, jala, 171

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teja, vAyu' ina bhUtacatuSTayoM se nirmita zarIra, mana, indriyAdi se bhinna koI pRthak cetana tattva nahIM hai| zarIra ke utpanna hone para cetanatA utpanna hotI hai aura usake naSTa hone para samApta ho jAtI hai| maiM sthUla hU~, 'maiM kRSa hU~ ityAdi anubhUtiyA~ isameM pramANa haiM tathA 'merA zarIra' 'merI indriyA~ ityAdi anubhUtiyA~ kAlpanika haiN| isIlie yaha darzana dehAtmavAdI, bhautikavAdI kahalAtA hai| isa darzana ke praNetA bRhaspati haiM, isIlie ise 'bArhaspatya darzana' bhI kahA jAtA hai| isakA prAcIna nAma 'lokAyata' (loka meM Ayata yA vyApta) hai tathA mIThI bAteM karane vAlA, svarga-naraka Adi kA carvaNa karane vAlA hone se cArvAka (cAru+vAk) prasiddha hai| AtmA ko na mAnane se yaha punarjanma, mokSa, Izvara Adi meM vizvAsa nahIM karatA hai| isakA eka mAtra siddhAnta hai - 'yAvajjIvet sukhaM jIvet RNaM kRtvA ghRtaM pivet| bhasmIbhUtasya dehasya punarAgamanaM kutaH / / anumAna (anvaya-vyatirekI) ke dvArA bhI ve apanI bAta ko siddha karate haiM 'zarIra ke rahane para hI caitanya kA AvirbhAva hotA hai aura zarIra ke na rahane para caitanya kA bhI abhAva ho jAtA hai| isake atirikta anna-pAna ke sevana se zarIra meM prakRSTa caitanya kA abhyudaya hotA hai aura anna-pAna ke grahaNa na karane para cetanatA kA hrAsa hotA hai| jaise- jau, cAvala Adi meM mAdakatA nahIM hai phira bhI jaba usase madirA banAyI jAtI hai to usameM mAdakatA paidA ho jAtI hai usI prakAra bhUtacatuSTaya ke sammizraNa se cetanatA kA AvirbhAva ho jAtA hai| 2. anAtmavAdI bauddha darzana isake upadeSTA gautama buddha haiN| unhoMne manuSyoM meM 'pazu-yajJa se svarga-prApti' Adi duSpravRttiyoM kA kAraNa nitya AtmA ko jAnakara nairAtmyavAda (saGghAtavAda, santAnavAda) kI pratiSThApanA kii| unhoMne kahA AtmA paJca-skandhoM (nAma, rUpa, vedanA, vijJAna aura saMskAra) kA saGghAtamAtra hai| inakI mAnyatA hai ki puNya-pApa karmoM kA phala jarUra milatA hai parantu vaha phala usI santAna paramparA ke naye vyakti ko milatA hai, use nhiiN| ye nirvANa bhI svIkAra karate haiM parantu nirvANa hone para na sukha hotA hai, na duHkha, kevala dIpaka kI lau bujhane ke samAna paJcaskandhAtmaka Atma-santAna paramparA kA anta ho jAtA hai| ye vibhinna mAnasika anubhavoM aura pravRttiyoM ko svIkAra karake bhI AtmA ko nahIM mAnate kyoMki AtmA mAnasa pravRttiyoM kA athavA vijJAna kA piNDa-mAtra hai| yaha darzana cAra sampradAyoM meM vibhakta hai- vaibhASika (bAhyArtha pratyakSavAdI), sautrAntika (bAhyArtha anumeyavAdI), yogAcAra (vijJAnavAdI) aura mAdhyamika (shuunyvaadii)| cAroM hI ye dArzanika sampradAya kSaNikavAdI aura anAtmavAdI haiN| mAdhyamika to bAhya jagat aura Abhyantara jagat donoM ko zUnya athavA mAyArUpa mAnate haiN| inakI kevala vyAvahArika sattA hai, pAramArthika nhiiN| kevala vartamAna kAla meM inakA vizvAsa hai| isa taraha yaha darzana anAtmavAdI hokara bhI pApa-puNya, karma, paraloka, svarga-naraka, punarjanma, mokSa Adi meM vizvAsa to karatA hai parantu kSaNikavAdI hone se ye AtmA ko paJcaskantha kA saGghAta kahate haiN| dhyAna dene kI bAta hai ki inake paJcaskandha meM vedanA, vijJAna aura saMskAra jaise tattvoM ko bhI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| inhoMne nitya AtmA na mAnakara santAna-paramparA ko svIkAra karake duHkha-nivRtti aura mokSa kI vyAkhyA kI hai| yahA~ dhyAtavya hai ki koI nitya AtmA na mAnane para smRtilopa, kRtakarma-hAni, akRta-karma-bhoga, saMsAra se mukti kA bhaGga Adi doSa upasthita hote haiN| 3. nyAya-vaizeSika nyAya darzana ke pravartaka haiM nyAyasUtrakAra maharSi gautama aura vaizeSika darzana ke praNetA haiM maharSi knnaad| ye donoM zarIra, mana, indriya Adi se bhinna AtmA kI svatantra sattA ko svIkAra karate haiN| inhoMne AtmA ko sukhAdyAzraya tathA indriya adhiSThAtA ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| inake anusAra jJAnAdi nau vizeSa guNa (jJAna, sukha, duHkha, icchA, dveSa, prayatna, dharma, adharma aura saMskAra) AtmA ke Azraya meM samavAya sambandha se rahate haiN| jJAnAdi AtmA kA svabhAva nahIM, isIlie jaba AtmA ko mokSa hotA hai taba usameM jJAnAdi guNoM kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| jJAna ke abhAva meM AtmA jar3a ho jAtA hai| isIlie loga isa taraha kI mukti kI apekSA vRndAvana ke jaMgala meM siyAra bananA jyAdA pasanda karate haiN| sAMsArika avasthA meM AtmA jJAtA, draSTA, bhoktA aura kartA bhI hai| yaha nitya hai, vyApaka hai,amUrta hai aura niSkriya bhI hai| vyApaka hone para bhI jJAna-sukhAdi kA anubhava svayaM nahIM karatA apitu aNurUpa mana kI sahAyatA se karatA hai| mana pratyeka zarIra meM bhinna hai, kriyAvAn hone se mUrta tathA aNu hai| ataH AtmA vyApaka hokara bhI zarIra meM hI jJAna-sukhAdi kA anubhava karatA hai, bAhara nhiiN| AtmA pratizarIra meM hone se aneka haiN| jJAna AtmA kA Agantuka dharma hai| kevala Izvara kA 172

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jJAna nitya hai, vaha sarvajJa hai, vyApaka hai, sRSTikartA hai aura sarvazaktimAn bhI hai| kucha Izvara ko sazarIrI aura kucha azarIrI mAnate haiN| Atmatva' jAti Izvara aura jIvAtmA donoM meM hai| jIvAtmA baddha hai aura Izvara sadA mukt| muktAvasthA meM jJAnasukhAdi kA abhAva ho jAne se vaha pASANavat ho jAtA hai| zarIra ko AtmA samajhanA mithyA jJAna hai aura mithyAjJAna se rAga-dveSa, pApa-puNya, janma-maraNa tathA du:kha rUpa saMsAra-paribhramaNa hotA hai| mithyAjJAna ke naSTa hone para rAga-dveSa naSTa ho jAtA hai| tadanantara pApa-puNya kI pravRtti bhI samApta ho jAtI hai| pravRtti ke abhAva meM janma kA abhAva ho jAtA hai aura janma kA abhAva hone para duHkhoM kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| jJAna kI sattA deza aura kAla meM bhI mAnI gaI hai parantu vahA~ jJAna kI sattA kramaza: daizika aura kAlika sambandha se hai, samavAya sambandha se nhiiN| isI se deza aura kAla ke sAtha AtmA kA pArthakya prakaTa hotA hai| prArabdha karmoM ke upabhoga ke binA pUrNa mukti sambhava nahIM hai| ye jIvana-mukti (apara-niHzreyas) aura videha mukti (para-niHzreyas) donoM mAnate haiN| isa taraha inakI AtmA jJAnAzraya hokara bhI jJAna svarUpa nahIM hai| cArvAka aura bauddhoM ke cintana kI apekSA inakA Atma tattva, jar3a tattva se kucha pRthak hai| 4. sAMkhya-yoga sAMkhya darzana ke praNetA kapila muni haiM tathA yoga darzana ke praNetA maharSi ptnyjli| sAMkhya ko nirIzvaravAdI aura yoga ko IzvaravAdI kahA jAtA hai| donoM hI prakRti aura puruSa ina do tattvoM kI sattA ko svIkAra karate haiN| yoga darzana meM Izvara ko kleza, karma Adi se rahita puruSa-vizeSa kahA gayA hai| AtmA ke lie puruSa zabda kA prayoga huA hai jo kUTastha nitya, triguNAtIta (satva, rajas aura tamas se rahita), avikArI, nirlipta, nirguNa, akartA, aprasavadharmI aura sAkSI hai| puruSoM kI saMkhyA aneka hai| jJAna (buddhi) jar3a prakRti kA pariNAma hai jise mahat tattva kahA gayA hai| isakA sambandha jaba AtmA se hotA hai to vaha puruSa jJAnarUpa ho jAtA hai kintu muktAvasthA meM prakRti se sambandhaviccheda ho jAne ke kAraNa vaha jJAna, sukhAdi se rahita ho jAtA hai| saMsArAvasthA meM AtmA ke sAtha jaba buddhi kA samparka hotA hai taba vaha sukhAdi kA anubhava karatA hai| prakRti kevala kI hai aura puruSa kevala bhoktA hai| puruSa aura prakRti kA bhedakajJAna (viveka jJAna) hone para jIvAtmA kI mukti hotI hai| vastuta: bandhana aura mokSa prakRti kA hotA hai aisA sAMkhyakArikA meM kahA gayA hai| kriyAzIlatA prakRti kA dharma hai, AtmA kA nhiiN| vaha to avikArI hai, niSkriya hai, akartA hai, sarvavyApaka hai, sarvadharmI hai, caitanyarUpa hai parantu jJAna usakA svabhAva nahIM hai, isIlie muktAvasthA meM jJAna nahIM rahatA hai| sAttvika buddhi ke cAra guNa haiM- dharma, jJAna, vairAgya aura aizvarya tAmas buddhi ke bhI cAra guNa haiM- adharma, ajJAna, avairAgya aura anaishvry| sAttvika buddhi se (mahat) ahaGkAra, mana, aura indriyA~ utpanna hotI haiM aura tAmasa se tanmAtrAe~ aura mahAbhUta paidA hote haiM prakRti kA vikAra hone se svabhAvataH buddhi acetana hai| buddhi meM jaba caitanyAtmaka puruSa pratibimbita hotA hai aura pratibimbita puruSa kA padArthoM ke sAtha samparka hotA hai to use hI jJAna kahate haiN| buddhi meM caitanya puruSa kA pratibimba hone para paraspara upakAra hotA hai aura pratibimbita puruSa jJAtA aura bhoktA kahalAtA hai| puruSa prakRti kA adhiSThAtA hai aura prakRti ke kArya puruSa ke lie hote haiN| puruSa aneka haiN| isa taraha ina donoM darzanoM meM muktAvasthA meM jJAna, sukha Adi kA abhAva hai kyoMki ye prakRti ke sAtha sambandha hone para hote haiN| prakRtilIna puruSa bhI mukta kahalAte haiM parantu ve bhaviSya meM punaH bandhana meM A sakate haiN| sadA mukta Izvara anya muktoM se bhinna hai| saMsArI puruSa OM kA dhyAna karane se Izvara kI kRpA kA pAtra hotA hai tathA use sva-svarUpa kA sAkSAtkAra bhI ho jAtA hai| Izvara sRSTikartA nahIM hai| yogadarzana meM cikitsAzAstra kI taraha (roga, roga hetu, Arogya aura auSadha) cAra vyUha haiM- du:khamaya saMsAra, saMsAra kA hetu prakRtisaMyoga, mokSa (prakRti-saMyoga kI Atyantika nivRtti) aura nivRtti kA upAya (samyagdarzana, aSTAGga yoga aadi)| bauddha darzana meM bhI isa prakAra ke cAra Arya satya batalAe haiM- du:kha, du:kha ke kAraNa, duHkha se nivRtti aura du:khnirodhopaay| citta (antaHkaraNa = buddhi, mana aura ahaGkAra) kI pA~ca bhUmiyA~ batalAyI haiM- 1. kSipta (rajoguNodreka), 2. mUDha (tamoguNodreka), 3. vikSipta (sattva-mizritodreka), 4. ekAgra (sattvodreka) aura 5. niruddha (citta nirodh)| isa taraha sAMkhya-yoga darzana nyAya-vaizeSika ke Atma-tattva se eka kadama Age to bar3hatA hai parantu jJAna-sukhAdi ko usakA svabhAva nahIM mAnatA hai| puruSa aura prakRti ke sambandha aura usa sambandha se nivRtti bhI eka anasulajhI pahelI banI rahatI 5. mImAMsA (pUrva-mImAMsA) ise pUrva-mImAMsA tathA karma-mImAMsA bhI kahate haiN| isake pratipAdaka maharSi jaimini haiN| isa darzana ke tIna pramukha 173

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vyAkhyAtA haiM- kumArila bhaTTa, prabhAkara mizra tathA pArthasArathI mishr| ina tInoM ke dArzanika siddhAntoM meM thor3A antara hai| tInoM hI apauruSeya veda ko pramANa mAnate haiN| isa darzana meM AtmA ko kartA-bhoktA tathA pratizarIra meM bhinna hone se aneka mAnA gayA hai| nyAya-vaizeSika kI taraha yahA~ bhI jJAna Adi guNa AtmA meM samavAya sambandha se haiN| pratizarIra meM AtmA ke bhinna hone para bhI AtmA ko vyApaka tathA nitya mAnA gayA hai| inake yahA~ koI sarvajJa nahIM ho sakatA hai| vyakti karmAnusAra zarIra dhAraNa karatA hai, muktAvasthA meM duHkhoM kA atyantAbhAva hotA hai| bhATTa mata ke anusAra AtmA meM pariNamana kriyA pAyI jAtI hai| kriyA do prakAra kI hai| - spandarUpa (jisameM sthAna-parivartana ho) aura pariNamanarUpa (jisameM rUpa parivartana ho, sthAnaparivartana nhiiN)| isa taraha bhATTa pariNAmI vastu ko bhI nitya mAnate haiN| AtmA ke do aMza haiM- cit aura acit| cidaMza se jJAna kA anubhava hotA hai acidaMza se pariNamana kriyA hotI hai| sukha-duHkhAdi AtmA ke vizeSa dharma haiM jo acidaMza ke hI pariNamana haiN| AtmA caitanyasvarUpa na hokara caitanyaviziSTa hai| anukUla paristhitiyoM meM zarIra evaM viSaya kA saMyoga hone para AtmA meM caitanya kA udaya hotA hai| svapnAvasthA meM viSaya-samparka na hone se AtmA meM caitanya nahIM rahatA hai| isa taraha AtmA cit evaM acit ubhayarUpa hai| AtmA kA mAnasa pratyakSa hai- 'ahaM AtmAnaM jAnAmi' isa anubhava ke AdhAra para AtmA ko jJAna aura viSaya donoM kA kartA mAnate haiN| niSkAma karma se aura Atmika jJAna se saba karmoM kA vinAza aura mukti hotI hai| prabhAkara mizra (guru) AtmA meM kriyA nahIM mAnate haiN| AtmA 'ahaM' pratyaya-gamya hai| jJAna kA kartA AtmA hai| prapaJcasambandha-vilaya hI mokSa hai| codanA (vidhi) hI dharma hai| pArthasArathI mizra mokSa meM sukha aura duHkha donoM kA atyantAbhAva mAnate haiN| bhATToM kI eka paramparA mokSa meM zuddhAnanda kA astittva mAnatI hai|2 isa taraha kumArila bhaTTa ke anusAra AtmA cit-acit ubhayarUpa hai| AtmA kriyAzIla hai athavA nahIM' isa sambandha meM kumArila bhaTTa evaM prabhAkara mizra meM matabheda hai| AtmA ke vyApaka hone se bhATTa spandarUpa kriyA nahIM mAnate haiN| kevala rUpa parivartana ko kriyA mAnate haiN| vastutaH mImAMsA darzana kA uddezya vedavihita-vidhi vAkyoM kA vyAkhyAna karanA hai / mImAMsA meM mokSa-viSayaka darzana kA vicAra bAda meM laugAkSibhAskara dvArA huA hai| ye Izvara kI sattA ko svIkAra nahIM karate haiN| nyAya-vaizeSika AtmA meM kriyA svIkAra nahIM karate haiN| isa darzana kI khAsa vizeSatA hai AtmA ko nityapariNAmI svIkAra karanA jaisA ki jainadarzana meM mAnA jAtA hai| AtmA meM cit aura acit donoM mAnanA asaGgata hai| 6. vedAnta (uttara-mImAMsA yA jJAna-mImAMsA) upaniSad vidyA hI vedAnta vidyA (veda+anta) hai| maharSi vAdarAyaNavyAsa kRta brahmasUtra (upaniSadoM para Azrita) kI vyAkhyA kaI AcAryoM ne kI hai jisase vedAnta ke kaI upabheda ho gae haiN| isameM zaGkarAcArya kA advaita-vedAnta pramukha hai| AcArya zaGkara ke anusAra AtmA brahma (paramAtmA) hI hai| brahma nirvikalpaka, nirupAdhika, nirguNa, nirvikAra aura caitanyarUpa hai| nirguNa brahma jaba anirvacanIya mAyA se upahita ho jAtA hai to vaha Izvara yA saguNa brahma kahalAtA hai| vizva kI sRSTi, sthiti, laya kA kAraNa yahI Izvara hai| yaha Izvara nyAya-vaizeSika darzana kI taraha sRSTi kA kevala nimitta kAraNa nahIM hai apitu nimitta aura upAdAna donoM kAraNa hai| vaha caitanya brahma jaba anta:karaNAvacchinna hotA hai to usa caitanya ko jIva kahate haiM arthAt zarIra aura indriyoM kA adhyakSa aura karma-phala-bhoktA AtmA hI jIva hai| usakA caitanya nyAyavaizeSika kI taraha kAdAcitka (kabhI honA aura kabhI nahIM honA) rUpa nahIM hai apitu sadA (svapna, suSupti aura jAgRta) tInoM avasthAoM meM rahane vAlA hai| brahma kA hI rUpa hone se AtmA bhI vyApaka hai| usameM jo aNurUpatA kI kalpanA kI jAtI hai vaha usake sUkSma rUpa hone ke kAraNa hai| Atma-caitanya ko jAgRta, svapna aura suSupti avasthAoM meM tathA annamaya, manomaya, prANamaya, vijJAnamaya aura Anandamaya ina pA~ca kozoM meM dekhA jA sakatA hai parantu AtmA kA zuddha caitanya-rUpa ina paJca kozoM se nitAnta bhinna hai| yaha AtmA nitya hai, vyApaka hai, caitanyasvarUpa hai, eka hai, svayaMsiddha hai| buddhi ke kAraNa isameM caJcalatA pratIta hotI hai anyathA vaha zAnta svabhAva hai| yaha brahma kA vivarta hai, pariNAma nhiiN| vastutaH jJAtA aura jJAna pRthak nahIM haiM, AtmA jJAnarUpa bhI hai aura jJAtA bhI hai| AtmA ke samakSa jaba viSaya upasthita rahatA hai to vaha jJAtA ho jAtA hai anyathA vaha kevala jJAnarUpa rahatA hai arthAt jJAna hI jJAtA ho jAtA hai| jJeya viSaya ke na rahane para jJAtA kI kalpanA nahIM rahatI hai| anitya jJAna jo viSaya-sAnnidhya se utpanna hotA hai vaha antakaraNAvacchinna-vRtti mAtra hai| viSaya aura viSayI kA pArthakya vyAvahArika hai, pAramArthika nahIM kyoMki parabrahma hI kabhI viSayI rUpa se, kabhI viSaya rUpa se jJAta hotA hai| vaha 174

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eka akhaNDarUpa hai aura nAnAtmaka jagat kAlpanika yA mAyika hai| saguNa brahma usakA taTastha lakSaNa (Agantuka) hai aura cidAnandarUpa nirguNa brahma usakA svarUpa lakSaNa (tAttvika) hai| AcArya zaGkara mAyA ko triguNAtmikA, jJAnavirodhI, bhAvarUpa tathA anirvacanIya brahma kI apRthakbhUtA zakti mAnate haiN| isa taraha zAGkara vedAnta meM Atma-tattva parama zuddha caitanya brahma kA hI rUpa hai| ata: muktAvasthA meM jIva brahmarUpa hI ho jAtA hai| ahaM brahmAsmi' tathA 'tattvamasi' ina mahAvAkyoM se brahma kA sAkSAtkAra hotA hai / muktAvasthA meM jJAna, sukhAdi bhI rahate haiN| isa mata meM samasyA yaha hai ki jaba saba brahma rUpa hai to vaha bandhana meM kaise par3A? aura eka ke mukta hone para sabhI ko mukta kyoM nahIM mAnA gayA? yadi usameM aMza kI kalpanA karate haiM to usakA vibhu (vyApaka) rUpa naSTa hotA hai| 7. vaiSNava darzana isake antargata nimnalikhita pA~ca samudAya pramukha haiM(ka) rAmAnuja darzana yaha darzana viziSTAdvaitavAdI hai| inake mata meM brahma meM sajAtIya aura vijAtIya bheda na hokara svagata bheda hai, jabaki zAGkara vedAnta meM brahma tInoM prakAroM ke bhedoM se rahita hai| yahA~ brahma ke do aMza haiM- cit aura acit / ata: tIna padArtha haiM cit, acit aura Izvara / cit se tAtparya hai bhoktA jIva, acit se tAtparya hai bhogya jagat tathA cit-acit viziSTa se tAtparya hai iishvr| yaha Izvara jagat kA abhinna-nimittopAdAna kAraNa hai| yaha kAraNa-vyApAra na to avidyA karma-nibandhana hai aura na karmayogamUlaka hai apitu svecchAjanya hai| jIva tattva atyanta aNu, nitya, avyakta, acintya, AnandarUpa, niravayava, nirvikAra, jJAnAzraya, ajaDa tathA deha, indriya-mana prANa buddhi se vilakSaNa hai| (kha) mAdhva darzana16 AnandatIrtha kA prasiddha nAma thA 'mdhv'| yaha brahma sampradAya kahalAtA hai| inake mata meM 'viSNu' ananta guNa sampanna paramAtmA haiN| 'lakSmI' paramAtmA kI zakti hai| saMsArI jIva ajJAna, moha, duHkha, bhayAdi doSoM se yukta hai| ye tIna prakAra ke haiM- muktiyogya, nityasaMsArI aura tamoyogya / ye tInoM kramaza: uttama, madhyama aura adhama koTi ke hote haiN| mukta jIvoM ke jJAna, AnandAdi guNoM meM tAratamya pAyA jAtA hai| jainadarzana meM ina tInoM prakAra ke jIvoM ko kramazaH bhavya, bhavyAbhavya aura abhavya kahA hai| caitanyAMza ko lekara hI bhagavAna ke sAtha jIva kI ekatA pratipAdita kI gaI hai| (ga) nimbArka darzana ise sanatkumAra sampradAya bhI kahA jAtA hai| isa mata meM jIva aNurUpa tathA saMkhyA meM aneka haiN| vaha hari kA aMzarUpa hai| aMza kA artha avayava yA vibhAga nahIM hai apitu zaktirUpa hai| jIva kartA bhI hai aura jJAna svarUpa bhI hai| (gha) vallabha darzana isa darzana ko rudra sampradAya bhI kahate haiN| jIva jJAtA, jJAnasvarUpa, agni ke sphuliGga ke samAna aNurUpa tathA nitya hai| jIva tIna prakAra ke hote haiM- zuddha, mukta evaM sNsaarii| yaha bhaktimArgIya (puSTimArgIya) darzana hai| yahA~ Izvara-bhakti hI saba kucha hai| brahma krIr3Artha jagat kA rUpa dhAraNa karatA hai| inakA siddhAnta zuddhAdvaita kahalAtA hai| inake siddhAnta meM brahma mAyA se alipta hone se nitAnta zuddha hai| (Ga) caitanya darzana isa mata ke pramukha the mahAprabhu caitanyadeva tathA unake ziSya ruupgosvaamii| ise hama apane kIrtanoM se baGga deza ko rasamaya tathA bhAvavibhora karane vAlA mata kaha sakate haiN| AcArya zaGkara ke samAna brahma meM sajAtIya, vijAtIya aura svagatabheda nahIM haiN| brahma paramAtmA akhaNDa, saccidAnanda, sarvajJa, satyakAma, satyasaGkalpa Adi ananta guNoM se yukta hai| bhagavAn kA vigraha (zarIra) tathA guNa usase bhinna nahIM hai| bhASA kI dRSTi se unakA pArthakya kiyA jAtA hai| AdhyAtmika dRSTi se acintya-bhedAbheda hai| paramAtmA mUrta hokara bhI vibhu hai| jIva paricchinna svabhAva tathA aNutva zakti-yukta hai| 8. zaiva darzana (zaiva tantra darzana) yahA~ jIva ko 'pazu' kahA gayA hai, paramezvara ziva ko 'pati', mAyA rUpI jagat ko 'pAza' kahA gayA hai| jIva ziva kA hI aMza mAnA gayA hai parantu vaha aNurUpa aura sImita zakti sampanna hai, saMkhyA meM aneka hai| zivatva-prApti hone para usameM niratizaya jJAna tathA kriyA zakti kA udaya hotA hai| pAsoM ke tAratamya ke kAraNa pazu (jIva) tIna prakAra kA hotA 175

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hai-vijJAnAkalpa, pralayAkalpa aura skl| jIvoM ke tIna bhAva haiM- 1. pazubhAva-jinameM avidyA kA AvaraNa na haTane se advaita jJAna kA lezamAtra bhI udaya nahIM hai| inakI mAnasika avasthA pazubhAva hai| ye saMsAra moha meM ba~dhe hone ke kAraNa adhama pazu haiN| satkarmaparAyaNa-bhagavad bhakta uttama pazu haiN| 2. vIrabhAva- jo advaitAmRta kI kaNikA kA AsvAdana karake ajJAna-rajju ko kucha mAtrA meM kATakara kRtakArya hote haiM, ve vIrabhAva meM haiN| 3. divyabhAva- jo dvaitabhAva haTAkara advaitAnanda kA AsvAdana karate haiN| ye upAsya devatA kI sattA meM apane ko lIna kara dete haiN| 9. pAJcarAtra darzana (vaiSNava tantra darzana) isa mata meM jIva svabhAvataH sarvazaktizAlI, vyApaka tathA sarvajJa hai parantu Izvara kI tirodhAnAzakti ke kAraNa jIva aNu, akiJcitkara aura kiJcijJa ho jAtA hai| Izvara jIvoM kI dIna-hIna dazA ko dekhakara karuNAvaza unapara karuNA kI varSA karate haiN| 10. zAkta-tatra darzana zAktadharma kA uddezya jIvAtmA (upAsaka) kI paramAtmA (upAsya) ke sAtha abhedasiddhi hai| yaha advaitavAda kA sAdhanamAtra hai| saccA zAkta vahI hai jo 'maiM hI brahma hU~, saccidAnanda svarUpa hU~ tathA nityamukta svabhAva vAlA hU~ aisA vicAra karatA hai| kucha zAkta vedAnuyAyI haiM aura kucha veda bAhya haiN| kucha zAktoM ke vAmAcArI (ghRNitAcArI) hone se zAkta badanAma haiM anyathA zAktoM meM parabrahma sarvajJa, ziva, svayaMjyoti, niSphala, anAdi-ananta, nirvikAra tathA saccidAnanda rUpa hai| jIva agni-sphuliGgavat usase janya hai| 11. jaina darzana isa darzana meM zarIra, mana, prANa Adi se sarvathA bhinna caitanya ko AtmA kahA gayA hai| zuddha AtmA ko ananta catuSTaya (ananta sukha, ananta zakti, ananta jJAna aura ananta darzana) se sampanna mAnA gayA hai| saMsArAvasthA meM ATha prakAra ke karmoM se AvRtta hone ke kAraNa usake cAroM vizeSa guNa AMzika rUpa se prakaTa hote haiN| jaba AtmA karmoM ke AvaraNa ko tapa-sAdhanA ke dvArA pUrNarUpeNa haTA detA hai to usake ye cAroM vizeSa guNa pUrNa rUpa se prakaTa ho jAte haiN| saMsArAvasthA meM AtmA ke ye guNa usI prakAra tirohita rahate haiM jisa prakAra bAdaloM ke dvArA sUrya kA prakAza tirohita ho jAtA hai aura bAdaloM ke haTane para sUrya kA pUrNa prakAza prakaTa ho jAtA hai| ekendriyAdi jIvoM kI suSupti Adi sabhI avasthAoM meM jJAnAdi guNoM kA usake sAtha kabhI bhI abhAva nahIM hotA hai| ataH kahA hai upayoga jIva kA lakSaNa hai aura vaha do prakAra kA hai- jJAnopayoga aura drshnopyog| jIvoM kI rAzi ananta hai aura usameM pariNAmI-nityatA (utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya) pAyI jAtI hai| isameM Urdhvagamana svabhAva mAnA jAtA hai| ata: jIva mukta hone para lokAnta taka Urdhvagamana karake sthira ho jAtA hai| arUpI hone se vaha hamArI indriyoM ke dvArA dekhA nahIM jA sktaa| nizcaya kI dRSTi se AtmA sadA zuddha, buddha, mukta, akartA aura abhoktA hai parantu saMsArAvasthA meM vyavahAra dRSTi se vaha kartA, bhoktA Adi hai| use jo zarIra prApta hotA hai tadanurUpa ho jAtA hai| isIlie use zarIra-parimANa kahA gayA hai, na vyApaka aura na annu| muktAvasthA meM zarIra kA abhAva ho jAtA hai parantu vaha apane pUrva zarIra ke AkAra ko nahIM chor3atA hai| sAmAnya se sabhI jIvoM kA AkAra lokAkAza kA asaMkhyAtavA~ bhAga kahA gayA hai| saGkoca-vikAsa zakti ke kAraNa vaha choTe-bar3e zarIra meM raha sakatA hai| vaha sUkSma aura arUpI bhI hai| mRtyu ke bAda bhI saMsArAvasthA meM usake sAtha kArmaNa aura taijas ye do sUkSma zarIra avazya rahate haiN| jJAnAdi guNa AtmA se kabhI pRthak nahIM hote haiM ataH una donoM meM koI bheda nahIM hai phira bhI vyavahAra se (dravya-guNa ke bheda se) unameM bheda kiyA jAtA hai| nyAya-vaizeSika darzana kI taraha jJAna aura AtmA meM sarvathA bheda nahIM hai| anekAntavAdI darzana meM apekSAbheda se bhedAbhedakatva bana sakatA hai| isI taraha AtmA bauddhoM kI taraha kSaNika tathA vedAntiyoM kI taraha sarvathA nitya nahIM hai parantu apekSAbheda se nityAnityAtmaka hai| mukta hone para azarIrI ho jAtA hai parantu muktipUrva ke zarIra kA AkAra (kucha nyUna) banA rahatA hai| karma sambandha na hone se unakA saGkoca-vikAsa nahIM hotA hai| pRthvI, jala, teja, vAyu aura vanaspati meM bhI jIvatva kI sattA mAnI jAtI hai| pRthvIkAyika jIvoM kA zarIra pRthvI hotA hai, jalakAyika jIvoM kA zarIra jl| ye jIva ekendriya hote haiM aura isake Age dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya tathA paJcendriya hote haiN| koI nitya Izvara nahIM hai aura jinheM ye Izvara mAnate haiM ve vItarAgI hone se na to krodhAdi karate haiM aura na kRpAdi karate haiN| ye sAMkhya darzana kI taraha sAkSI mAtra hote haiN| sUkSmatA aura arUpatA ke kAraNa eka aNurUpa sthAna meM bhI ananta jIva raha sakate haiN| mana ko inhoMne jar3a (pudgala) svIkAra kiyA hai| yaha mana aNurUpa hai aura caitanya AtmA ke samparka se cetanavat kArya 176

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karatA hai| yaha mana paJcendriya jIvoM meM hI sambhava hai| jainadarzana meM mana kI kalpanA vizeSa prakAra se kI gaI hai| isa taraha jaina darzana meM AtmA ke vividha rUpoM kA vistAra se cintana kiyA gayA hai aura use vedAnta kI taraha jJAnarUpa mAnA gayA hai| isIlie muktAvasthA meM jJAna, sukha Adi guNa usake sAtha abhinna rUpa se rahate haiN| upasaMhAra isa taraha ina sabhI darzanoM meM jo Atmatattva kA cintana kiyA gayA hai unameM cArvAka aura bauddhoM ko chor3akara sabhI zarIra Adi se bhinna AtmA ko svIkAra karate haiN| kahIM caitanya usakA svarUpa hai, kahIM Agantuka dharma, kahIM kUTastha nitya hai to kahIM pariNAmI nityaanity| kahIM aNurUpa hai to kahIM vyApaka yA zarIra parimANa / kahIM Izvara yA brahma kA aMza hai to kahIM brahma kA vivrt| kahIM muktAvasthA meM ananta jJAna aura sukha hai to kahIM jJAna aura sukha donoM kA sarvathA abhAva yA kevala du:khAbhAva yA zUnyatA hai| kahIM kartA aura bhoktA hai to kahIM apane kartRtva aura bhoktRtva ke lie svatantra nahIM hai| kahIM eka hai to kahIM aneka / vaha zarIra se bhinna hai, arUpI hai tathA caitanya ke sAtha usakA yA to guNa-guNIbhAva sambandha hai yA svayaM caitanyarUpa hai| isa viSaya meM sabhI AtmavAdI darzana ekamata haiN| AtmA ko caitanyarUpa tathA jJAnarUpa mAnane meM hI samasyAoM kA samAdhAna hai anyathA ise mAnane kA koI matalaba nahIM hai| isI taraha saMkhyA meM aneka, zarIra-parimANa, sUkSma, pariNAmI nitya aura arUpI mAnanA bhI Avazyaka hai| kisI na kisI rUpa meM sabhI AtmavAdI darzana aura tantravAdI isase sahamata haiM yadi kucha antara hai to apekSAbheda kA / muktAvasthA meM sva-svIkRta siddhAntAnusAra sabhI ne AtmA kI zuddha sva-svarUpopalabdhi ko mAnA hai| vijJAna isa viSaya meM nirantara khoja kara rahA hai| parantu abhI taka kisI niSkarSa para nahIM pahuMcA hai| sandarbha sUcI 1. sarvadarzanasaMgraha pR0 4-8; draSTavya bhAratIya darzana, baladeva upAdhyAya, zAradA mandira, vArANasI 1957, pR0 135 / / 2. kiNvAdibhyo madazaktivad vijnyaanm| jaDabhUtavikAreSu caitanyaM yattu dRshyte| tAmbUla-pUgacUrNAnAM yogAd rAga ivotthitm|| sarvasiddhAnta saMgraha, 2/7 3. kRt-prnnaashaakRtkrmbhog-bhvprmokss-smRtibhnggdossaan| upekSya sAkSAt kSaNabhaGgamicchan aho mahAsAhasika: pro'sau|| anyayogavyayacchedadvAtriMzikA, AcArya hemacandra, zloka 18 4. tadatyanta-vimokSo'pavargaH / nyAyasUtra 1.1.22 5. svarUpaikapratiSThAna: parityakto'khilairguNaiH / UrmiSaTkAtigaM rUpaM tadasyAhurmanISiNaH / saMsArabandhanAdhInaduHkhaklezAdyadUSitam // nyAyamaJjarI, pANDuraGga, bambaI 1933, pR0 77, 6. varaM vRndAvane ramye zRgAlatvaM vRnnomyhm| vaizeSikoktamokSastu sukhleshvivrjitaat|| sa0si0saM0, pR0 28 muktaye yaH zilAtvAya zAstramUce sacetasAm / / gotamaM tamavekSyaiva yathA vittha tathaiva sH|| naiSadhacarita, 17.75 7. sAkSAtkAre sukhAdInAM kAraNaM mana ucyte| ayogapadyAt jJAnAnAM tasyANutvamiheSyate / / bhASApariccheda, kArikA 85 8. sAMkhyakArikA, kArikA 18 9. tasmAnna badhyate nApi mucyate nApi saMsarati kazcit / saMsarati badhyate mucyate ca nAnAzrayA prakRtiH / / 62 // na parispanda evaika: kriyA naH kaNabhojivat / / zlokavArtika, pR0 707 11. cidaMzena draSTratvaM so'yamiti pratyabhijJA, viSayatvaM ca acidaMzena / jJAnasukhAdirUpeNa pariNAmitvam / sa AtmA ahaM pratyayenaiva vedyaH / sadAnanda, advaitbrhmsiddhiH| 177

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12. duHkhAtyantasamucchede sati prAgAtmavartinaH / sukhasya manasAbhuktirmuktiruktA kumArilaiH / / mAnameyodaya, pR0 212 tathA dekheM vedAntakalpalatikA, pR0 4 14. ahaM brhmaasmi| bRha0 upa0, 1.4.10, ayamAtmA brhm|-maanndduuky upa0 2, tattvamasi / chA0 upa0, 6.8.7, draSTavya, upaniSatsaMgraha, paNDita jagadIza zAstrI, motIlAla banArasIdAsa, dillii| 15. bAlAgrazatabhAgasya zatadhA kalpitasya c|| bhAgo jIvaH sa vijJeyaH sa cAnantyAya klpte| zvetAzvataropaniSad, 5.9 // 16. dekheM, bhAgavata-tAtparya-nirNaya, mAdhvabRhadbhASya / aNuM hi jIvaM pratidehabhinnaM jJAtRtvavantaM yadanantamAhuH / / dazazlokI, 1. 18. kAryakAraNarUpaM hi zuddhaM brahma na mAyikam / zuddhAdvaitamArtaNDa, 28 19. vizeSanirbhede'pi tattve bhedavyavahAro vizeSabalAt / siddhAntaratna, pR0 23 20. ahaM devI na cAnyo'smi brahmaivAhaM na zokabhAk / saccidAnandarUpo'haM nityamuktasvabhAvavAn / / kulArNava, 1/6 21. vahI, 1/6-10 22. dekheM, dravyasaMgraha, gAthA 2-14, 50-51 bhAratIya cintana meM mokSa tattva : eka samIkSA (zuddha Atma-svarUpopalabdhi hI mokSa hai| isameM sabhI darzana eka mata haiN| mokSa meM jJAna, sukha, indriyA~, zarIra, nivAsasthAna Adi kI kyA sthiti hotI hai? kyA bauddhoM kI taraha nirvANa sambhava hai? mokSa kaise prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai? kyA unheM Izvara kahA jA sakatA hai? kyA koI anAdi mukta bhI hai? Adi praznoM kA samAdhAna isa Alekha meM kiyA gayA hai|) sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM kA carama lakSya hai 'mokSa' jisakA artha hai 'saMsAra-bandhana se mukti' athavA apane nija zuddha svarUpa kI prApti / ata: jisa darzana meM AtmA kA jaisA svarUpa batalAyA gayA hai vahA~ usa Atma-svarUpa ko prApta honA mokSa hai| jaise vijAtIya tattvoM se azuddha sone ko hama agni meM tapAkara usake vijAtIya tattvoM ko haTAkara zuddha karate haiM vaise hI vijAtIya karma athavA ajJAna ke AvaraNa se jo AtmA malImasa ho rahA hai use saMyama, samAdhi athavA taparUpa agni meM tapAne para usakA zuddha svarUpa prakaTa ho jAtA hai| mokSamArga(zreyomArga) kaThopaniSad meM AyA hai ki saMsArI prANI do prakAra ke mArgoM meM se kisI eka mArga para calatA hai, ve do mArga haiMpreyomArga (saMsAramArga) aura zreyomArga (muktimaarg)| preyomArga kA varaNa karane vAlA prANI ApAtataH ramaNIya viSayabhogoM meM pravRtta hokara saMsAra meM bhaTakatA rahatA hai| adhikatara prANI ajJAnavaza isI mArga kA anusaraNa karate haiN| isa prakAra kI pravRtti kA mUla kAraNa hai- rAga aura dveSa / indriyoM ko sukha dene vAle padArthoM se rAga (prema, lagAva, bhogecchA Adi, karanA hI preyomArga hai| ina rAgI-dveSI pravRttiyoM kA prabhAva hamAre citta aura indriyoM para itanA adhika par3atA hai ki vaha avaza hokara zreyomArga (parama kalyANakArI mArga, dharmamArga) kI upekSA kara detA hai| zreyomArga kA avalambana karane vAlA prANI viSayabhogonmukhI pravRtti ko rokakara antarmukhI (AtmonmukhI) hokara citta-zuddhi ko karatA hai| hamAre sAMsArika jIvana ke Upara ajJAna, rAga, dveSa Adi kA tamopaTala itanA gAr3hA hai ki use dUra karane ke lie nirantara sadRSTi, sadjJAnAbhyAsa tathA sadAcaraNa kI nitAnta AvazyakatA hai| indriya-saMyama, AtmadhyAna, yama-niyama, samAdhi, samatA, tapa Adi ke dvArA isI bAta ko kahA gayA hai| ata: jainadarzana meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra rUpa ratnatraya ko sammilita rUpa se mokSamArga (zreyomArga) batalAyA gayA hai| bauddha darzana meM bhI trividha sAdhanoM ko etadartha Avazyaka 178

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batalAyA gayA hai| vedAnta, sAMkhya, yoga aura nyAya-vaizeSika darzanoM meM bhI prakArAntara (nAma-bheda) se yahI bAta kahI gaI hai| gItA kA bhaktiyoga, jJAnayoga aura karmayoga kramazaH samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra ko hI nAmAntara se kahatA hai| itanA vizeSa hai ki jainadarzana meM ina tInoM ko pRthak-pRthak mukti kA mArga na mAnakara tInoM kI sammilita anivAryatA mAnI hai| jahA~ inheM pRthak-pRthak mukti kA mArga batalAyA hai| vahA~ usake mahattva ko pradarzita karanA hai parantu pUrNatA hetu anya do sAdhana bhI anivArya haiM kyoMki sadRSTi aura sad-jJAna ke binA karmayoga (samyakcAritra) kA phala nahIM hai, sadAcAra aura sad-jJAna ke binA bhaktimArga (samyagdarzana) sambhava nahIM hai tathA sad-dRSTi aura sadAcAra ke binA jJAnamArga (samyagjJAna) bhI phaladAyI nahIM hai| muktAvasthA 'mokSa' yA 'mukti' zabda kA sIdhA artha hai- karmabandhana-janya paratantratA ko haTAkara svatantra ho jaanaa| jaina darzana meM ise siddha avasthA bhI kahA gayA hai| siddha kA artha hai 'zuddhatA kI praapti'| jainadarzana kI mAnyatA hai ki karmabandha ke rAgAdi kAraNoM kA uccheda hone para mokSa hotA hai| jo AtmA anAdikAla se kaluSatAoM se ghirA huA thA vaha mukta hone para nirmala, caitanyamaya tathA jJAnamaya ho jAtA hai| AtmA kI karmanimittaka vaibhAvikI zakti ke kAraNa jo saMsArAvasthA meM vibhAvarUpa (mithyAdarzana, ajJAna tathA asadAcArarUpa) pariNamana ho rahA thA, muktAvasthA meM vaha vibhAva-pariNamana (rAgadveSAdi rUpa nimitta ke haTa jAne para) zuddha svAbhAvika pariNamana (samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra) meM badala jAtA hai| arthAt mokSAvasthA meM AtmA apane zuddha caitanyasvarUpa meM sthita ho jAtA hai| isIlie use 'Atma-vasati' kahA hai| isa avasthA ke prApta hone para AtmA ananta catuSTaya (anantajJAna, anantadarzana, anantasukha, anantavIrya ina cAra guNoM) ko prApta kara letA hai| isa avasthA-prApti ke bAda punarjanma nahIM hotA hai| AtmA ko vyApaka na mAnane se usake nivAsa sthAna ko bhI mAnA gayA hai| tIrthaGkara' hokara mukta honA eka vizeSa avasthA hai parantu bAda meM koI bheda nahIM rahatA hai| jainadarzana meM mAnA gayA hai ki pahale sabhI jIva karmabanthanayukta (saMsArI) the| bAda meM dhyAna-sAdhanA dvArA mukta hue haiN| inhIM kI ve pUjA karate haiM aura inheM hI Izvara mAnate haiM parantu jagatkartA Adi nhiiN| cU~ki jainadarzana meM AtmA ko zarIra-parimANa dIpaka ke prakAza kI taraha saGkoca-vikAsa zakti hai| mukta hone para karmabandhana na hone se koI zarIra nahIM rahatA hai| avyavahita pUrvabhava kA zarIra-parimANa (kucha nyUna) banA rahatA hai kyoMki usameM saGkoca vikAsa ke kAraNabhUta karmoM kA abhAva rahatA hai| ataH muktAvasthA meM AtmA na to saGkucita hokara aNurUpa hotA hai aura na vyaapk| AtmA meM svAbhAvika rUpa se eraNDabIja, agnizikhA Adi kI taraha Urdhvagamana svabhAva mAnA jAtA hai jisase vaha zarIra-tyAga ke uparAnta Upara lokAnta taka gamana karatA hai| lokAnta (siddhAlaya) ke bAda gati meM sahAyaka dharmadravya (gatidravya) kA abhAva hone se Age (alokAkAza meM) gamana nahIM hotA hai| ananta zakti hone para bhI mukta jIva lokAnta ke bAhara nahIM jAte kyoMki ve saba prakAra kI kAmanAoM se rahita (pUrNa-kAma) haiN| ananta jJAna aura ananta sukha kI jo vahA~ sattA mAnI gaI hai vaha atIndriya aparokSa jJAna (kevalajJAna) tathA atIndriya sukha (Atmastha jJAna-sukha) hai| indriya, mana, zarIra Adi kA abhAva hone se vahA~ tajjanya sukhAdi kA abhAva hai| zarIra kA abhAva hone se pUrNataH arUpI aura sUkSma avasthA hai| isIlie aneka mukta (siddha) jIva eka hI sthAna para binA vyavadhAna ke Thahara jAte haiN| vahA~ para sabhI mukta yA to padmAsana meM haiM yA khaDgAsana meM, kyoMki mukta jIva inhIM do avasthAoM meM dhyAna karate hue mukta hote haiN| muktAvasthA meM sabhI ekasamAna jJAna, sukhAdi se yukta hote haiN| unameM koI bheda nahIM hotA hai| yadi vahA~ koI bheda (kSetra, kAla, gati, liGga Adi ke bheda se bAraha prakAra kA) hai to vaha upacAra se pUrva janma (bhUtakAla) kI apekSA se hai|" anya darzanoM ke sAtha tulanA jainadarzana meM jIvanmukta ko bhI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| yaha sazarIrI avasthA hai aura Ayu kI samApti para niyama se usI bhava meM videhamukta hotA hai| isake sabhI ghAtiyA karma (AtmA ke svAbhAvika yA anujIvI guNoM ke pratyakSa ghAtaka jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura antarAya karma) naSTa ho jAne se vaha 'arhat' (kevalajJAnI) kahalAtA hai| isa taraha jainadharma meM bauddhoM kI taraha abhAvarUpa nirvANa (mokSa) ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai kyoMki bhAvarUpa padArtha kA kabhI abhAva nahIM hotA hai| nyAya-vaizeSikoM kI taraha AtmA ke jJAna aura sukha vizeSa guNoM (buddhi, sukha, duHkha, icchA, dveSa, prayatna, dharma, adharma aura saMskAra- ye nau nyAya darzana meM AtmA ke vizeSa guNa mAne gae haiM jinakA muktAvasthA 179

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meM abhAva ho jAtA hai| jaina jJAna aura sukha ko chor3akara zeSa kA abhAva mAnate haiN|) kA abhAva bhI svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai kyoMki yadi aisA mAnA jAegA to AtmA jar3a ho jAegA aura koI bhI vyakti jar3a (acetana) honA nahIM cAhatA hai| hA~, itanA avazya hai ki vahA~ du:kha ke sAtha indriya-janya jJAna, sukhAdi kA bhI abhAva ho jAtA hai| vaizeSika darzana meM AtmA aura mana kA saMyoga hone para jJAnAdi AtmA ke vizeSa guNa utpanna hote haiM aura mokSa meM mana kA saMyoga na hone se jJAnAdi guNa bhI nahIM rahate haiN| sAMkhya-yoga darzana kI bhI karIba-karIba yahI sthiti hai kyoMki cetana puruSa tattva sAkSI mAtra hai aura buddhi (mahat) prakRti kA vikAra (jar3a) hai| ataH yahA~ bhI muktAvasthA meM jJAna nahIM hai kyoMki vaha prakRti ke saMyoga se hotA hai aura muktAvasthA meM AtmA ke sAtha prakRti kA saMyoga nahIM mAnA gayA hai| vedAnta darzana ke anusAra muktAvasthA meM sukha aura jJAna kI sattA to hai parantu vahA~ eka hI Atmatattva hai| muktAtmAoM meM aprakaTa ATha guNoM kA AvirbhAva jainadarzana meM siddhAlaya meM pudgala (jar3a tattva) ke paramANuoM ke sAtha AtmA kA saMyoga to hai parantu AtmA meM rAgAdi kA abhAva hone se ve paramANu karmarUpa pariNata nahIM hote haiN| ata: punarjanma nahIM hotA hai| jainadarzana meM karma mUlataH ATha prakAra ke mAne gae haiM jo AtmA ke svAbhAvika ATha guNoM ko DhaMka dete haiN| ina karmoM ke haTane para sabhI siddhoM (videha muktoM) meM nimna ATha guNa prakaTa ho jAte haiN| 41. kSAyika samyaktva (nirmala zraddhAna)- mohanIya karma ke kSaya se prakaTa gunn| 2. anantajJAna (tInoM lokoM kA traikAlika pUrNa jJAna)- jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kSaya se prakaTa gunn| anantadarzana (tInoM lokoM ke dravyoM kA avalokana)- darzanAvaraNIya karmakSaya se prakaTa gunn| 3. anantavIrya (atula sAmarthya yA zakti)- antarAya karmakSaya se prakaTa gunn| 4. sUkSmatva (amUrtatva yA azarIratva)- nAmakarma ke kSaya se prakaTa gunn| 6. avagAhanatva (janma-maraNa kA abhAva)- Ayukarma ke kSaya se prakaTa gunn| isa guNa ke hone para eka sthAna para ananta siddha Thahara sakate haiM kyoMki unake amUrta hone se koI bAdhA nahIM hotii| 7. agurulaghutva (choTe-bar3e kA bhedAbhAva, samAnatA)- gotrakarma tathA nAmakarma ke kSaya se prakaTa gunn| 8. avyAbAdhatva (ananta sukha yA atIndriya apUrva sukha / sAtA-asAtArUpa AkulatA kA abhAva)- vedanIya karma-kSaya se prakaTa gunn| yahA~ itanA vizeSa hai ki eka-eka karmakSaya janya guNa kA yaha kathana pradhAnatA kI dRSTi se sAmAnya kathana hai kyoMki unameM anya karmoM kA kSaya bhI Avazyaka hotA hai| vastutaH AThoM hI karmoM kA samudAya eka sukha guNa kA pratibandhaka hai| jo kevalajJAna hai vahI sukha hai| digambara mAnyatAnusAra nirgrantha muni hI siddha hote haiM parantu zvetAmbara mAnyatAnusAra strI tathA gRhastha bhI siddha ho sakate haiN| anya vizeSatAe~ mukta hone para bhI vastu kA jo svabhAva hai utpatti, vinAza aura nityatA vaha muktAtmA meM bhI hai parantu vaha samAnAkAra (SaT-guNa hAni-vRddhi rUpa) hai| muktoM ko niraJjana, nirAkAra, nikala, paramAtmA, siddha Adi nAmoM se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| siddha na to nirguNa haiM aura na zUnya; na aNurUpa haiM aura na sarvavyApaka apitu Atma-pradezoM kI apekSA caramazarIra (arhantAvasthA kA zarIra) ke AkArarUpa meM rahate haiN| ve sAMkhyavat na to caitanyamAtra haiM aura na nyAya-vaizeSikavat jar3a apitu caitanyatA ke sAtha jJAnazarIrI (sarvajJa) haiM kyoMki AtmA jJAna-svarUpI aura caitanyarUpa hai| ataH muktAtmA jJAna guNa ke avinAbhAvI sukhAdi ananta catuSTaya se bhI sampanna hai| upasaMhAra isa taraha zuddha Atma-svarUpopalabdhi mokSa hai jahA~ sabhI prakAra ke du:khoM (AdhyAtmika, Adhibhautika aura Adhidaivika) kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| isa kathana se sabhI AtmavAdIdarzana sahamata haiN| vahA~ atIndriya jJAna aura sukha kI sattA ko vedAnta aura jaina svIkAra karate haiM parantu nyAya-vaizeSika tathA sAMkhya meM inake astittva kA prazna hI nahIM hai kyoMki nyAyadarzana meM ina guNoM kA mokSa meM abhAva hai" tathA sAMkhya meM bhI jJAna aura sukha prakRti-saMsarga ke dharma haiM jinakA vahA~ abhAva hai| bauddhoM ke yahA~ to AtmA jise ve paJcaskandhAtmaka mAnate haiM usakI citta-santati kA hI abhAva vahA~ mAna lete haiM jo sarvathA akalpanIya hai| vedAnta meM AtmA ko sarvathA nitya aura vyApaka mAnA gayA hai, ata: vahA~ bandhana aura 180

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mokSa kI vyAkhyA sApekSavAda ke binA durghaTa hai| bauddha darzana meM AtmA ko sarvathA anitya kahA hai so vahA~ bhI bandha-mokSa vyavasthA sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki vahA~ karmakartA, karma-bandhana se chuTakArA prApta karane vAlA sAdhaka tathA karmaphala-bhoktA alagaalaga haiN| nyAya darzana meM to caitanyAbhAva hai, ata: yaha pakSa bhI mokSopayogI nahIM lgtaa| isIlie logoM ko vRndAvana ke jaGgala meM nivAsa karanA nyAya vaizeSika ke mokSa jAne kI apekSA adhika acchA lagatA hai| jaina apane AtmasvarUpAnusAra mokSa meM duHkhAbhAva, ananta atIndriya jJAna, darzana, sukha aura sAmarthya ko svIkAra karate haiN| usake arUpI svabhAva ke kAraNa usameM avyAbAdhatva, sUkSmatva Adi ko bhI mAnate haiN| avyavahita pUrva-janma ke zarIraparimANa ke arUpI AkAra ko mAnate haiM kyoMki AtmA na to vyApaka hai aura na annuruup| Urdhvagamana svabhAva hone se lokAnta meM nivAsa mAnate haiN| karma-sambandha na hone se punarjanma nahIM maante| jIvanmuktoM ko 'arhanta' yA kevalI' kahate haiM aura videhamukta ko 'siddh'| dravya kA svarUpa 'utpAda-vyayadhrauvya' rUpa svIkAra karane ke kAraNa muktAtmA meM bhI samAnAkAra pariNamana to mAnate haiM parantu sthAna-parivartana (gamana kriyA) nahIM maante| vahA~ sabhI mukta sadA pUrNata: karmamukta rahate haiM tathA sabhI samAna guNa vAle hote haiM, vahA~ koI bhI bheda mana Adi se rahita haiN| zuddha caitanyarUpa AtmA kA vahA~ vAsa hai| jJAna, sukhAdi AtmA se pRthak nahIM haiN| muktAvasthA ko prApta sabhI jIva Izvara haiM kyoMki jainadarzana meM koI anAdi dRSTikartA Izvara nahIM hai| sabhI jIva saMsAra-bandhana kATakara mukta hue haiN| mukta pUrNakAma hone se vItarAgI (icchArahita) haiN| sandarbha 1. zreyazca preyazca manuSyametastau saMparItya vivinakti dhiirH|| zreyo hi dhIro'bhipreyaso vRNIte preyo mando yogakSemAd vRnniite|-ktthaaup0 1.2.2 2. cittameva hi saMsAro raagaadikleshvaasitm|| tadeva tairvinirmuktaM bhavAnta iti kathyate / / tattvasaGgrahapaJjikA, AcArya kamalazIla, pR0 104 3. samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrANi mokSamArgaH / tattvArthasUtra, 1.1 tathA 9.39-46 4. draSTavya, dIghanikAya hindI (anuvAda), pR0 28-29, 5. nyAyasUtra 4.2.38-48, vedAntasAra, pR0 47-50 6 dekheM, Ti03 7. bandhahettvabhAva-nirjarAbhyAM kRtsnakarmavipramokSo mokSaH / tattvArthasUtra 10.1 appaNo vasahiM ve| uttarAdhyayana, 14.48 AtmalAbhaM vidurmokSa jiivsyaantrmlkssyaat| nAbhAvo nApyacaitanyaM na caitanyamanarthakam / / siddhi-vinizcaya, pR0 384 9. tadanantaramUrdhvaM gacchatyAlokAntAt // tattvArthasUtra, 10.5 pUrvaprayogAdasaGgattvAdvandhacchedAttathAgatipariNAmAcca / tattvArthasUtra, 10.6 AviddhakulAlacakravad vyapagatalepAlAmbuvaderaNDavIjavadagnizikhAvacca / tattvArthasUtra, 10.7 11. kSetra-kAla-gati-liGga-tIrtha-cAritra-pratyekabuddha-bodhita-jJAnAvagAhanAntarasaMkhyAlpa-bahutvataH sAdhyAH / tattvArthasUtra, 10.9 12. sAkSAtkAre sukhAdInAM kAraNaM mana ucyate / bhASA-pariccheda, kA0 85 13. yadA sarve vimucyante kAmA hyasya hRdi sthitAH / tadA mo'mRto bhavatyatra brahma samaznute // kaThopaniSad, 2.3.14 14. sammattaNANadaMsaNa-vIriya-suhumaM taheva avagahaNaM / agurulaghumavvAvAhaM aTThaguNA hoMti siddhANaM / / laghu siddha-bhakti, 8 aTThavihakammaviyaDA sIdIbhUdA NiraMjaNA NiccA aTThaguNa kayakiccA loyaggaNivAsiNo siddhA / / go0jI0, 68 15. svabhAvapratighAtAbhAvahetukaM hi saukhyam / pra0sA, ta0pra0, 61 181

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karmASTakaM vipakSi syAt sukhasyaika-guNasya c| asti kiJcanna kamaikaM tadvipakSaM tataH pRthak / paM0a0, 30 1114 jaM kevalaM ti NANaM taM sokkhaM pariNAmaM ca so cev| khedo tassa Na bhaNido jamhA ghAdI khayaM jaadaa|| pra0 sA0, 60 // 16. sakalavipramuktaH sannAtmA samagravidyAtmavapurbhavati na jaDo, nApi caitanyamAtrarUpaH / svayambhUstotra, TIkA 5/13 17. paM0 baladeva upAdhyAya, nyAyadarzana, bhAratIya darzana , pR0 270 svarUpaikapratiSThAnaH parityakto'khilairguNaiH / nyAyamaJjarI, pR0 77 18. muktaye yaH zilAtvAya zAstramUce scetsaam|| gotamaM tamavekSyaiva yathA vittha tathaiva saH / / naiSadhacarita, 17.75 varaM vRndAvane ramye zRgAlatvaM vRNomyaham / vaizeSikoktamokSastu sukhalezavivarjitAt / / sa0 si0 saM0, pR0 28 navAnAmAtmavizeSaguNAnAmucchedaH mokSaH / triratna meM samyagdarzana kA sthAna [samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra ko sammilita rUpa se jainadarzana meM 'triratna' zabda se kahA jAtA hai| jaise laukika jIvana meM 'ratnoM kA mahattva hai vaise hI AdhyAtmika jagat meM ratnavat bahumUlya hone se samyagdarzanAdi ko ratna kahA gayA hai| ye kevala AdhyAtmika jIvana ke lie hI upayogI nahIM haiM, apitu laukika jIvana meM bhI inakI guNavattA asaMdigdha hai|] jaina AgamoM meM kahIM samyagdarzana kI, kahIM samyagjJAna kI aura kahIM samyakcAritra kI mahattA batalAI gaI hai| parantu itanA nizcita hai ki inameM se kisI kA bhI mahattva kama nahIM hai| isIlie AcArya umAsvAmi ne tattvArthasUtra ke 'samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH' (1.1) sUtra meM 'mArgaH' ekavacana kA prayoga karake tInoM ko samAna mahattva diyA hai aura spaSTa kiyA hai ki jaba taka ye tInoM yugapat nahIM hoMge taba taka mokSamArga nahIM bnegaa| ye pRthak-pRthak kAryakArI (mokSapradAtA) nahIM haiN| jainetara granthoM meM jahA~ kahIM bhI kisI eka se muktilAbha kI carcA kI gaI hai vahA~ usake mahattva kA pradarzana mAtra hai| vAstava meM jahA~ saccI zraddhA yA Atmabodha hotA hai vahA~ saccA jJAna aura sadAcAra bhI hotA hai| isI taraha jahA~ saccA jJAna hotA hai vahA~ samyagdarzana aura samyakcAritra bhI hotA hai| samyakcAritra to samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna ke binA ho hI nahIM sakatA hai| samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna yadyapi eka sAtha hote haiM, parantu samyagdarzana ke binA jJAna samyak nahIM ho sakatA hai aura samyagdarzana-samyagjJAna ke binA cAritra samyak nahIM ho sakatA hai| ataH samyagdarzana ko utkRSTa kahA hai sammaviNA saNNANaM saccArittaM Na hodi nniymenn| to rayaNasayamajjhe sammaguNukkiTThamidi jinnuddittuN||-rynnsaar, 46 'samyagdarzana ke binA niyama se samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra nahIM hote| isIlie ratnatraya meM samyagdarzana utkRSTa hai' aisA jinendra deva ne kahA hai| samyagdarzana ke binA jJAnAdi samyak nahIM ho sakate jaise nIva ke binA makAna sthira nahIM raha sktaa| samyagdarzana vihIna dharma, cAritra, jJAna, tapa Adi saba nirarthaka tathA akiJcitkara haiM, samyagdarzana (samyaktva) sahita hone para ve sabhI yathArthatA ko prApta hote haiN| samyagdarzana ratnatraya kA sAra hai, sukhanidhAna hai tathA mokSaprApti kA prathama sopAna hai| jaisA ki kahA hai evaM jiNapaNNattaM daMsaNarayaNaM dhareha bhaavenn|| sAraM guNarayaNattayasovANaM pddhmmokkhss||- darzanapAhuDa 21 isI taraha pUjyapAda svAmI ne samyagdarzana kI pUjyatA batalAte hue jJAna aura cAritra ke samyakpane kA use hetu batalAyA hai, 'alpActarAdabhyarhitaM pUrva niptti| kathamabhyarhitattvam ? jJAnasya smygvypdeshhetutvaat|' (sarvArthasiddhi, 182

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1.1) paJcAdhyAyI meM kavi rAjamalla jI ne ratnatraya ko dharma batalAte hue spaSTa kahA hai ki samyagdarzana ke binA na to gRhasthadharma sambhava hai aura na munidhrm| samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra ke samyakpane kA ekamAtra kAraNa hai samyagdarzana sa dharmaH smygdRgjnypticaaritrtrityaatmkH| tatra saddarzanaM mUlaM heturdvaitmetyoH|| -paJcAdhyAyI, 2.716 tataH sAgArarUpo vA dharmo'nagAra eva vaa| sadRkpurassaro dharmo na dharmastadvinA kvcit||-vhii 2.717 samyagdRSTi jIva sadA hI apanI AtmA meM ekatva kA anubhava karatA hai| vaha usa AtmA ko saba karmoM se bhinna zuddha aura cinmaya mAnatA hai| vaha zarIra, sukha, duHkha, putra, pautra Adi ko anitya mAnatA hai| ve karma ke kArya haiM aisA mAnakara unheM AtmA kA svarUpa nahIM mAnatA (paJcAdhyAyI, 2.512-513) / ataH vaha bhayarahita hotA huA AtmalIna rahatA hai| aise utkRSTa samyagdRSTi jIva ko siddhoM ke samAna zuddha svasaMvedana pratyakSa hotA hai, aisA kavi rAjamalla ne spaSTa svIkAra kiyA hai asti cAtmaparicchedi jJAnaM smygdrgaatmnH| svasaMvedanapratyakSaM zuddhaM siddhAspadopamam / / -paJcAdhyAyI 2.489 ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki samyaktva ke sAtha jJAna, vairAgya evaM cAritra avazyambhAvI haiN| yaha avazya hai ki jaisejaise jJAna bar3hatA jAtA hai vaise-vaise samyagdarzana bhI dRr3hatama hotA jAtA hai| jahA~ saccA samyaktva hai aura saccA jJAna bhI hai| vahA~ sadAcAra to binA prayatna ke A jAtA hai| isIlie kevalajJAna ke samaya yathAkhyAta cAritra hI mAnA gayA hai| jo vyakti muhUrtakAla paryanta bhI samyagdarzana prApta karake use chor3a dete haiM ve isa saMsAra meM anantAnantakAla taka nahIM rahate labhrUNa ya sammattaM muhuttakAlamavi je privddNti| tesimaNaMtANaMtA Na bhavadi saMsAravAsaddhA / / bhagavatI ArAdhanA, 53 jo vyakti samyagdarzana se patita nahIM hote ve adhika se adhika sAta yA ATha bhava dhAraNa karate haiM- 'apratipatitasamyagdarzanAnAM parItaviSayaH saptASTAni bhavagrahaNAni utkarSeNa vartante, jaghanyena dvitrINi anubndhyocchidynte'| rAjavArtika 4.25 / yadi darzanamohanIya karma kA kSaya ho gayA hai to yA to usI bhava meM yA tIsare-cauthe bhava meM niyama se mokSa prApta hotA hai-'dasaMNamohe khavide sijjhadi tattheva tdiyturiybhve|' kSapaNasAra, 165 / / isI mahattva ke kAraNa ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra (34, 28) meM kahA hai-'tInoM kAloM aura tInoM jagat meM jIvoM kA samyaktva ke samAna kalyANakArI anya kucha bhI nahIM hai| gaNadharAdi deva samyagdarzana sahita cANDAla ko bhI bhasma se DhakI huI cinagArI ke samAna 'deva' kahate haiN| kArtikeyAnuprekSA (325, 326) meM kahA hai samyagdarzana saba ratnoM meM mahAratna hai, saba cakravartI Adi se bhI adhika vandanIya hotA hai / vratarahita hotA huA bhI nAnA prakAra ke uttama svargasukhoM ko prApta karatA hai| 'sAgAradharmAmRta' meM to yahA~ taka kahA hai ki mithyAtvagrasta cittavAlA manuSya pazu ke samAna hai tathA samyaktvayukta pazu bhI manuSya ke samAna hai - naratve'pi pazUyante mithyaatvgrstcetsH| pazutve'pi narAyante smyktvvyktcetsH|-saagaardhrmaamRt 1.4 . jJAnArNava meM vizuddha samyagdarzana ko mokSa kA mukhya aGga batalAyA hai manye muktaH sa puNyAtmA vizuddhaM yasya drshnm| yatastadeva muktyamaGgamagrimaM parikIrtitam / / -jJAnArNava, 6.57 jisa prakAra bhAgyazAlI manuSya kAmadhenu, kalpavRkSa, cintAmaNi ratna aura rasAyana ko prApta kara manovAJchita laukika sukhoM ko prApta karatA hai usI prakAra samyagdarzana se bhavya jIvoM ko sarvotkRSTa sukha prApta hotA hai (rayaNasAra, 164) / bhagavatI ArAdhanA (735) meM bhI ise sarva duHkhoM kA haraNa karane vAlA kahA hai-'mA kAsi taM pramAdaM sammatte svvduHkhnnaasyre|' mokSapAhuDa meM ise aSTakarma kSayakartA kahA hai - 183

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saddavvarao savaNo sammAiTThI havei so saahuu| sammatapariNado uNa khavei duvATTakammAI / / -mokSapAhuDa 4 isa taraha samyagdarzana kI jaina AgamoM meM bahuta prazaMsA kI gaI hai| yaha prazaMsA vAstavika hai, kyoMki isake binA mokSadvAra hI nahIM khultaa| yadi jIva samyaktva se yukta hai to vaha jJAna cetanA ko prApta kara letA hai| isIlie kahA hai samyagdRSTi jIva jaghanya bhUmikA meM yadi karmacetanA yA karmaphalacetanA meM hai to bhI vAstava meM vaha jJAnacetanA vAlA hai asti tasyApi saddRSTeH ksycitkrmcetnaa| api karmaphale sA syAdarthato jJAnacetanA / / -paJcAdhyAyI, 2.275 samyagdarzana ke kaI prakAra haiM, jaise-sarAga samyagdarzana aura vItarAga samyagdarzana, aupazamika samyagdarzana, kSAyopazamikasamyagdarzana aura kSAyika samyagdarzana, vyavahAra samyagdarzana aura nizcaya saMmyagdarzana aadi| inake uttaravartI bhedoM meM samyagdarzana kA mahattva nirantara bar3hatA jAtA hai| vyavahAra samyagdarzana se nizcaya samyagdarzana kI ora bar3hA jAtA hai kyoMki unameM sAdhya-sAdhaka bhAva hai| jaisA ki dravyasaMgraha kI TIkA (41) meM kahA hai-'vyavahArasamyaktvena nizcayasamyaktvaM sAdhyata iti saadhysaadhkbhaavjnyaapnaarthmiti|' samyagdarzana kA mahattva na kevala jainadarzana meM svIkRta hai apitu bauddha, vedAnta Adi sabhI darzanoM meM isako mUla AdhAra ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| samyagdarzana vaha ratna hai jisake binA saba ratnAbhAsa haiM aura jahA~ samyagdarzanarUpa pArasamaNi hai vahA~ lauharUpa jJAna aura cAritra bhI svarNavat samyak ho jAte haiN| yahI samyagdarzana kA mahattva hai| sAMkhyadarzana aura jainadarzana : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana (donoM darzanoM meM paraspara sAmya aura vaiSamya kI carcA isa Alekha meM haiN| donoM ke vastuvAdI hone para bhI jaina darzana meM samucita samAdhAna milatA hai|) sAMkhyadarzana aura jainadarzana ke parizIlana se jJAta hotA hai ki donoM meM bahuta adhika sAmya hai| Upara se dekhane para to lagatA hai ki donoM eka hI darzana kI do dhArAyeM haiM kyoMki jar3a aura cetana ina do mUla tattvoM kI sattA svIkAra karanA; pRthivI, jalAdi ko pRthak tattva na mAnakara eka tattva kA pariNAma mAnanA, ajJAna (mithyAtva) ko bandha kA kA mAnanA, pariNAmI nityatA ko svIkAra karanA, guNa-guNI meM svarUpa sambandha mAnanA, mana ko jar3a tattva kA pariNAma mAnanA, jar3a-cetana ke viveka ko mukti kA sAdhana mAnanA, laukika aura vaidika upAyoM se mukti kA niSedha karanA, jIvanmukti aura videhamukti ko svIkAra karanA, mukta hone ke bAda punaH saMsArAgamana kA niSedha karanA, paramArthataH cetana (puruSa= AtmA) meM kartRtva aura bhoktRtva kA niSedha karake use sadA saMsAra ke kAryoM se nirlipta svIkAra karanA, sRSTikartA Izvara kI sattA ko na mAnanA, saMsAra ke prANiyoM ko duHkhoM se abhibhUta mAnanA, ahiMsA meM vizvAsa karanA ityaadi| parantu anta:parizIlana se jJAta hotA hai ki donoM meM bahuta adhika sAmya hone para bhI sAMkhyadarzana vaidikadhArA kA pratinidhitva karatA hai aura janadarzana zramaNadhArA kaa| Upara jina samAnatAoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai unameM sUkSma antara bhI hai| ise samajhAne ke pUrva Avazyaka hai ki hama sAMkhyadarzana kA siMhAvalokana kara leMsAMkhyadarzana kA sAra paramparA se maharSi kapila dvArA pracArita sAMkhyadarzana bhArata kA prAcInatama darzana mAnA jAtA hai jisake bIja hameM zruti, smRti, rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata Adi prAcIna granthoM meM milate haiN| parantu Aja sarva prAcIna upalabdha grantha hai IzvarakRSNakRta saaNkhykaarikaa| yahI grantha sAMkhyadarzana ke vartamAna jJAna kA AdhAra stambha hai| sAMkhya zabda ke yadyapi kaI artha kie jAte haiM parantu unameM do artha adhika prasiddha haiM saMkhyA aura jnyaan|' isakA dUsarA artha hI adhika saGgata pratIta hotA hai- prakRti (jar3a = acetana = zarIra) aura puruSa ( cetana = AtmA =jIva) ke pArthakya kA jJAna / yahI sAMkhyadarzana kA uddezya hai| isa jagat ke mUla meM do hI tattva haiM-prakRti (jar3a =acetana) aura puruSa (AtmA cetn)| prakRti kramaza: nimna rUpoM meM pariNamita hokara sampUrNa dRzyamAna jagat kI sRSTi karatI hai - 184

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prakRti (avyakta, samasta sRSTi kA mUla kAraNa) mahat (buddhi, adhyavasAya=nizcaya karanA) ahaGkAra (maiM, merA, aisA abhimAna ) sAtvika aMza rAjas aMza tAmas aMza 5 jJAnendriyA~ 5 karmendriyA~ mana (saGkalpa-vikalpa rUpa) 5-tanmAtrAyeM - (zabda sparza rUpa rasa gandha) 5 mahAbhUta (AkAza, vAyu, teja, jala, pRthivI) (cakSu, zrotra, ghrANa, rasanA, tvak) (vAk, pANi, pAda, pAyu, upastha) prakRti ke isa vikAsa meM mUla prakRti sabakA kAraNa hai aura mahadAdi usake kaary| kAraNa se kArya bhinna nahIM hotA hai| ataH prakRti ke sabhI dharma mahadAdi meM pAye jAte haiN| unameM yadi antara hai to kevala prakRti ke tIna guNoM (sattva, rajas aura tamas) ke taratamabhAva =hInAdhikabhAva= pradhAnApradhAnabhAva kaa| prakRti ke ye tInoM guNa jinakA prakRti ke sAtha svarUpa sambandha (ne saMyoga aura na samavAya) hai, jaba ye tInoM sAmyAvasthA meM rahate haiM to use mUla prakRti yA avyakta kahate haiN| pralayAvasthA meM aisI sthiti hotI hai| jaba ina guNoM meM vikSobha paidA hotA haiM to mahadAdi krama se sRSTi hotI hai| jagat ke sabhI padArtha triguNAtmaka haiM kyoMki triguNAtmaka prakRti se jagat kI utpatti (AvirbhAva) hotI hai| avyakta avasthA se vyakta avasthA meM AnA hI sRSTi hai| mahadAdi ko vyakta' nAma se kahA gayA hai| isa sRSTi kA kartA koI Izvara nahIM hai apitu jaba puruSa aura prakRti kA saprayojana saMyoga hotA hai to prakRti meM vikSobha hotA hai| prakRti kA prayojana hai bhoga aura puruSa kA prayojana hai mokss| arthAt prakRti bhoga ke lie puruSa kI apekSA rakhatI hai aura puruSa mokSa prApti ke lie prakRti kI apekSA rakhatA hai| isa sandarbha meM laMgar3e aura andhe kA dRSTAnta diyA jAtA hai| prakRti kA svarUpa - yaha jar3a hai aura triguNAtmikA hai| isake atirikta sakriya hai, bhogyA hai, sAvayava hai, pariNAmI hai, samasta saMsAra kI janaka hai| puruSasaMsarga se isameM hI kartRtva aura bhoktRtva pAyA jAtA hai| prakRti meM pratikSaNa pariNamana hotA rahatA hai| yaha paNimana (parivartana) do prakAra kA hai-(1) svarUpapariNamana (sadRza = samAnAkAra) aura (2). virUpapariNamana (asmaanaakaar| pralayAvasthA meM jaba prakRti tInoM guNoM kI sAmyAvasthA meM rahatI hai, taba svarUpapariNamana hotA hai| puruSa meM pariNamana nahIM hotA ataH vaha apariNAmI hai| rajoguNa - prakRti meM kriyAzIlatA usake rajoguNa ke kAraNa hai| yaha rajoguNa uttejaka, caJcala, preraka, duHkhajanaka tathA raktavarNa vAlA hai| isI ke kAraNa indriyoM kI viSayoM ke prati Asakti hotI hai| yaha svayaM cala hai aura dUsaroM ko bhI calAyamAna karatA hai, jaise jala svayaM bahatA hai aura dUsaroM ko bhI bahAtA hai| tamoguNa - yaha ajJAna kA sUcaka hai| andhakAra, AvaraNa yA avarodha karanA isakA kArya hai| jar3atA, niSkriyatA, moha, nidrA, tandrA, Alasya, akarmaNyatA, udAsInatA Adi kA janaka hai| bhArI hai tathA kRSNavarNa kA hai| sattvaguNa' - yaha prakAzaka hai, laghu hai, zveta hai, zAnta hai aura ujjvala hai| sukha dene vAlA tathA jJAna pradAna karane vAlA bhI hai| isI guNa ke kAraNa hI viSaya prakAzita hote haiM / yadyapi ye tInoM guNa paraspara virodhI haiM parantu strI-puruSa-saMyoga ke samAna milakara hI sRSTi karate haiN| tInoM guNoM 185

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kA pratyeka vastu meM kamobeza samAveza hone se pratyeka vastu sukha, duHkha aura moha kI janaka hai| puruSa kA svarUpa - puruSa caitanya svarUpa hai| nyAya-vaizeSika darzana kI taraha cetanA kA puruSa se pRthak astittva nahIM haiN| isake atirikta yaha sAkSI (draSTA), nistraiguNya (nirguNa), udAsIna, akartA, abhoktA, niSkriya, niravayava, mAdhyastha, udAsIna, kevala, apariNAmI, nitya aura svayambhU (kisI se utpanna na honA) bhI hai| isameM kartRtva aura bhoktRtva dharma buddhi (mahat = jar3atattva) ke kAraNa Aropita haiN| janma-maraNa kA bheda hone se, sabakI yugapat pravRtti na hone se aura tInoM guNoM kI viSamatA ke kAraNa puruSa saMkhyA meM aneka haiN| parantu svarUpa kI dRSTi se saba eka jaise haiN| jJAna prakriyA aura pramANa- sAMkhyadarzana ke anusAra sarvaprathama indriyoM kA viSaya ke sAtha sambandha hotA hai| pazcAt (indriya vyApAra ke bAda) saGkalpa-vikalpa rUpa mana kA vyApAra hotA hai| tadanantara 'yaha mere lie hai aisA ahaGkAra kA vyApAra hotA hai pazcAt buddhi kA vyApAra hotA hai jisameM vaha viSaya ke AkAra ko dhAraNa karatI hai| buddhi ke jar3a rUpa hone se use svataH jJAna nahIM hotA parantu jaba usameM puruSa kA pratibimba par3atA hai to usameM jJAnodaya hotA hai| yaha jJAna pratyakSa jJAna hai aura buddhivRtti yA cittavRtti usa jJAna kA sAdhana hone se pratyakSa pramANa hai| isake atirikta anumAna aura Aptavacana (zabda yA Agama) ina pramANoM ko milAkara kula tIna pramANa sAMkhyadarzana meM svIkRta haiN| jJAna ke prAmANya aura aprAmANya kA nizcaya 'svataH' hotA hai| mukti-sAMsArika jIvana sAMkhyadarzana ke anusAra tIna prakAra ke duHkhoM se abhibhUta hai-13 (1) AdhyAtmika duHkha - ye do prakAra ke haiM-vAta, pitta, kapha Adi se janya zArIrika duHkha aura kAma, krodha Adi se janya mAnasika duHkh| (2) Adhibhautika duHkha- bhautika padArthoM se janya duHkh| jaise sarpa kA kATanA, dhana kA naSTa honA aadi| (3) Adhidaivika duHkha - daivI vipttiyaaN| jaise-bhUkampa AnA, bhUta-preta bAdhA honA, ativRsstti-anaavRsstti| inheM dUra karane ke yadyapi laukika aura vaidika upAya haiM parantu una upAyoM se Atyantika duHkhanivRtti sambhava nahIM hai| inase nivRtti tabhI sambhava hai jaba puruss| (AtmA) aura prakRti (zarIrAdi) kA bheda jJAna ho| puruSa ajJAna ke kAraNa prakRtijanya buddhi tathA zarIrAdi ke sukha-duHkhAdi dharmoM ko apanA samajhatA hai| kartApanA, bhoktApanA Adi ye saba prakRti (buddhi, zarIrAdi) ke dharma haiM, AtmA (puruSa)ke nahIM, isa prakAra kA bheda-jJAna (vivekajJAna) kaivalyaprApti hai aura yahI jIvanmukti hai kyoMki bhedajJAna ho jAne para prakRti ke dharma kA puruSa para koI prabhAva nahIM par3atA hai| vaha sadA ke lie du.khoM se mukta ho jAtA hai| prArabdha karmavazAt kucha samaya ke lie vizuddha jJAna ke bAda bhI puruSa kA deha dhAraNa kie rahanA usakI jIvanmuktAvasthA hai pazcAt prArabdhakarmoM ke kSINa hote hI vaha deha ko chor3akara videha mukta ho jAtA hai| mukti ho jAne ke bAda vaha zuddha caitanyAvasthA meM rahatA hai, vahA~ na duHkha hai, na sukha aura na jnyaan|| tulanA - (1) mUla tattva (dravya) sambandhI-sAMkhyadarzana kI taraha jainadarzana meM bhI jar3a aura cetanarUpa do prakAra ke mUla tattva svIkAra kie gae haiM parantu jainadarzana meM jar3a tattva ke svatantra pA~ca bheda haiM jinakA kisI eka tattva se udgama nahIM huA hai| ata: do prakAra ke tattvoM (dravyoM) ko svIkAra karake bhI jainadarzana meM kula cha: tattva haiM pudgala (rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza se yukta acetana dravya), dharma (gati meM sahAyaka dravya), adharma (sthiti meM sahAyaka dravya), akAza (sthAna dene vAlA dravya), kAla (parivartana meM hetu bhUta) aura AtmA (cetana jiiv)| inameM AtmA (puruSa) ko chor3a kara sabhI acetana haiN| yahA~ para hama dekhate haiM ki sAMkhyadarzana meM prakRti ke raja aura tamas guNoM se kramaza: gati aura sthiti kA kAma liyA gayA hai parantu jainadarzana meM isake lie do pRthak tattva svIkAra kie gae haiN| isake atirikta sAMkhya ke rajas aura tamas guNa preraka kAraNa haiM jabaki jainadarzana meM dharma aura adharma taTastha kAraNa haiM, preraka nhiiN| 'AkAza' jise sAMkhya ne zabdatanmAtrA se janya batalAyA hai use jainadarzana pariNAmI nitya pRthak tattva mAnatA hai| isake atirikta 'zabda' ko jainadarzana meM pudgala kI paryAya (pariNAma) mAnA gayA hai| parivartana meM hetubhUta 'kAla' dravya ko jaunadarzana meM svatantra tattva mAnA gayA hai jabaki sAMkhyadarzana meM 'kAla' bAhyArtha ke vyavahAra kA sambandha mAtra hai jo sambaddha vastuoM se pRthak nahIM hai| sRSTikartA Izvara ko donoM hI darzana svIkAra nahIM krte| sAMkhya meM sRSTi ke pIche prakRti aura puruSa kA prayojana hai jabaki jaina-darzana meM aisA koI prayojana nahIM hai apitu vastu kA svabhAva vaisA mAnA gayA hai| sAMkhya meM prakRti se pariNAmI nitya hai aura usameM svarUpa aura virUpa pariNamana hote haiM jainadarzana meM vaisI hI pariNAmInityatA tathA svarUpa tathA virUpa 186

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pariNAmana sabhI chahoM dravyoM meM svIkRta hai| sAMkhya kI kevala prakRti sakriya hai, puruSa nahIM, parantu jainadarzana meM pudgala aura jIva donoM ko kriyAvAna mAnA gayA hai, zeSa ko nisskriy| sAMkhya meM puruSa jaise aneka haiM vaise hI janadarzana meM jIva aneka haiN| mukta hone para sabhI puruSa ekajaise hokara apane zuddha svarUpa meM pratiSThita hote haiM, unakA punarAgamana nahIM hotA hai, tathA udAsIna hote haiN| ye bAteM to donoM meM samAna haiM parantu jainadarzana ke mukta jIva sarvajJa aura sukhI (atIndriya sukhI) bhI hote haiN| sAMkhya kI prakRti sAvayava hai aura puruSa niravayava hai parantu jainadarzana meM jIva bhI sAvayava hai| paramANu rUpa pudgala to niravayava hai parantu skandha rUpa pudgala sAvayava hai| sAMkhya kI prakRti eka hai jabaki pudgala aneka haiM parantu AkAza, dharma aura adharma dravya saMkhyA meM eka haiN| 'mana aura 'indriyoM' ko donoM ne jar3anirmita (prakRtijanya, pudgalajanya) mAnA hai parantu jainoM ne mana aura indriyoM ke do-do bheda kie haiM-dravyamana aura bhAvamana tathA dravyendriya aura bhaavendriy| inameM se dravyamana aura dravyendriya hI pudgala kA pariNAma hai, bhAvamana aura bhAvendriya caitanya kI zaktirUpa haiN| sAMkhyoM ke ahaGkAra aura buddhi ko jaina mana se pRthak nahIM mAnate haiN| pRthivI, jala, teja aura vAyu ko pRthak-pRthak tattva na mAnakara sAMkhya jaise eka hI prakRti kA pariNAma mAnate haiM vaise hI jaina bhI pudgala kA pariNAma unheM mAnate haiN| pudgala ke paramANu rUpa, rasAdi se yukta hokara bhI svarUpa kI dRSTi se aneka prakAra ke haiN| (2) bandhana aura mokSa- saMsArI prANI tIna prakAra ke duHkhoM se pIr3ita haiM tathA unase pUrNa mukti na to laukika upAyoM se sambhava hai aura na vaidika upAyoM se| vaidika upAya kSaya (puNyakarma ke kSINa hone para punaH svarga se AnA par3atA hai), atizaya (tAratamya) aura avizuddha (hiMsAdi se yukta hone se azuddha) se yukta hone ke kAraNa Atyantika du:khanivRtti ke sAdhana nahIM haiN| kevala prakRti-puruSa vivekajJAna yA zarIrAtma bhedajJAna hI mukti kA sAdhana hai| itane aMza meM donoM darzanoM meM matabheda nahIM hai parantu jahA~ sAMkhyadarzana kevala jJAna para jora detA hai vahA~ jaunadarzana zraddhA, jJAna aura cAritra kI tripuTI ko samAna bala detA hai| kevalajJAna hone para donoM ne jIvanmuktatva ko svIkAra kiyA hai pazcAt prArabdha karma naSTa hone para (zeSa aghAtiyA karma naSTa hone se) videhamukti ko mAnA hai| sAMkhya meM bandhana aura mokSa prakRti kA mAnA gayA hai| jabaki jainadarzana meM nizcayanaya se na to bandha hotA hai aura na mokSa; parantu vyavahAranaya se bandhana aura mokSa jIva kA mAnA gayA hai| bandha kA kAraNa sAMkhyadarzana meM ajJAna (prakRti-puruSa vivekAjJAna) ko mAnA gayA hai; jainadarzana meM bhI ajJAna (mithyAtva tathA kaSAyAdi) ko bandha kA pramukha kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| puNya se mukti kA donoM ne niSedha kiyA hai| puNya kevala sAMsArika aizvarya prApti yA svargAdiprApti meM hetu hai| mukti bAda duHkha kA aura punarAgamana kA niSedha donoM ne mAnA hai| mokSa meM sukha aura jJAna kI sthiti jainoM ne to mAnI hai paranta sAMkhyAcAryoM ne nahIM; kyoMki buddhi (prakRtipariNAma) ke abhAva meM ye donoM bAteM vahA~ sambhava nahIM haiN| jainoM ne AtmA meM caitanya ke sAtha ananta jJAna aura avyAbAdha sukha ko bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| ye donoM indriyAdijanya nahIM haiM, apitu AtmA ke svarUpa haiN| (3) kAraNa-kArya-siddhAnta- donoM hI darzana satkAryavAdI haiM parantu donoM ke satkAryavAda meM thor3A antara hai| sAMkhya ke anusAra kAryakAraNa meM abheda hai| ataH kAraNa meM kArya pahale se vidyamAna rahatA hai| parantu jainoM ne kAraNa aura kArya meM guNa-guNI kI taraha kathaJcit bhedAbhedavAda ko svIkAra kiyA hai| dravya dRSTi se kAraNa aura kArya meM abheda hai parantu paryAya (avasthA, pariNAma) kI apekSA bheda hai| pariNAmavAda svIkAra karane ke kAraNa aisA bheda sAMkhya ko avazya mAnanA cAhie thA anyathA pariNAmavAda kA artha hI nahIM lagatA hai| (4) jJAnamImAMsA-sAMkhyadarzana meM jJAna prakRti ke mahat tattva meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai jabaki jainadarzana meM AtmA meN| sAMkhya cittavRtti ko pramANa aura jJAna ko pramA mAnate haiM jabaki jaina jJAna ko hI pramANa aura pramA donoM mAnate haiN| jJAna AtmA kA dharma hai, indriyAdi kA nhiiN| isIlie jaina indriyajanya jJAna ko pratyakSa nahIM apitu parokSa mAnate haiN| jo indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA ke binA sIdhe AtmA se hone vAlA jJAna hai vahI pratyakSa hai| yadi aisA nahIM mAnA jAyegA to mukta jIvoM kA jJAna indriyAdi ke abhAva meM pratyakSAtmaka nahIM bnegaa| jainoM ne paravartIkAla meM indriyajanya jJAna ko sAMvyAvahArika pratyakSa mAnA hai, paramArthataH parokSa hI mAnA hai| sAMkhya meM aisI koI kalpanA nahIM hai| pratyakSa ke atirikta sAMkhya ne do jJAna aura mAne haiM-anumiti aura shaabd| arthAt ina tIna jJAnoM ke sAdhana tIna pramANa haiM-pratyakSa, anumAna aura aaptvcn| upamAna, arthApatti, abhAva Adi ko donoM darzana pRthak pramANa nahIM mAnate haiM / jainoM kA pramANa-vibhAjana bhinna prakAra kA hai| prathamata: isake do bheda haiM pratyakSa (avadhijJAna, mana:paryayajJAna aura kevalajJAna ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hai) aura parokSa (matijJAna aura zrutajJAna ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai)| sAMvyAvahArika pratyakSa, smRti, tarka, pratyabhijJA, anumAna Adi sabhI 187

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matijJAna ke bheda haiN| AptavacanarUpa zrutajJAna pRthak jJAna hai| isa taraha yadi isa vibhAjana ko Adhunika vibhAjanapaddhati se dekheM to jainoM ke anusAra pratyakSa (pAramArthika aura sAMvyAvahArika), smRti, tarka, pratyabhijJA, anumAna aura zabda ye 6 pramANa haiN| ina jJAnoM ke prAmANya aura aprAmANya kA nizcaya utpatti kI apekSA abhyAsa dazA meM svataH aura anabhyAsa dazA meM parata: hotA hai| jJapti kI apekSA svtH| isa taraha donoM darzanoM ke sAmya vaiSamya para saMkSipta cintana se yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki donoM hI darzana vastuvAdI haiN| sAMkhyadarzana meM buddhi ko prakRti kA pariNAma batalAnA, prakRti ke lie nartakI Adi kA dRSTAnta denA, sRSTi kI vyAkhyA meM paGgu-andha kA dRSTAnta denA Adi kucha aisI bAteM haiM jinakA samyak samAdhAna nahIM milatA hai| jabaki jainadarzana meM inakA samyak samAdhAna prastuta kiyA gayA hai| sandarbha sUcI - 1. saMkhyAyante = gaNayante yena tat saaNkhym| saMkhyAyate = prakRtipuruSAnyathAravyAtirUpo'vabodho samyagjJAyate yena tat sAMkhyam 2. vyaktAvyaktajJavijJAnAt / sAMkhyakArikA 2 3. mUlaprakRtiravikRtirmahadAdyAH prakRti-vikRtayaH spt| SoDazakastu vikAro ne prakRtirna vikRtiH puruSaH / / sa0 kA0 3 4. asadakaraNAdupAdAnagrahaNAt sarva sambhavAbhAvAt / zaktasya zakyakaraNAd kAraNabhAvAcca stkaarym|| sa0 kA09 5. puruSasya darzanArtha kaivalyArthaM tathA prdhaansy| paGgvandhavadubhayorapi saMyogastatkRtaH sargaH // sAM. kAM. 21 6. sAMkhyakArikA 10-13 7. sAMkhyakArikA 12, 13 8. vahI 9. vahI 10. sAMkhyakArikA 64 11. sAMkhyakArikA 18 12. sAMkhyakArikA 23 13. duHkhatrayAbhighAtAjjijJAsA tadabhighAtake hetau| dRSTe sA'pArthA cennaikAntAtyantato'bhAvAt / / sAM0 kA0 1 dRSTavadAnuzravika: sa hyavizuddhikSayAtizayayuktaH / tadviparItaH zreyAn vyaktAvyaktajJavijJAnAt / / sAM0 kA 2 14. sAMkhyakArikA 62, 63 15. sAMkhyakArikA 59 sAMkhya aura jainadarzana meM Izvara 'Izvara' zabda ko sunate hI hamAre mana meM yaha vicAradhArA AtI hai ki isa jagat ko banAne vAlA, pAlana karane vAlA, saMhAra karane vAlA, hamAre pApa - puNya karmoM kA phala dene vAlA, jIvoM para anugrahAdi karane vAlA, sarvezvaryazAlI, anAdi mukta, sarvazaktisampanna, ananta Ananda meM lavalIna, vyApaka tathA caitanyaguNayukta eka prabhu hai jisakI icchA ke binA isa jagat kA pattA bhI nahIM hila sakatA hai, yaha AtmA se pRthak tattva hai| aisA Izvara bhAratIya darzana meM kevala nyAya darzana hI svIkAra karatA hai| anya bhAratIya dArzanika jinhoMne Izvara ko svIkAra kiyA hai unakI mAnyatA kucha bhinna hai| IzvaravAdI aura anIzvaravAdI darzana paramparAyeM bhAratIya darzana meM cArvAka, bauddha, jaina, sAMkhya, vaizeSika aura mImAMsA mUlata: anIzvaravAdI darzana mAne jAte haiN| parantu paravartI kAla meM ye darzana (cArvAka ko chor3akara) bhI kisI na kisI rUpa meM IzvaravAdI bana gye| inakA Izvara vaisA 188

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nahIM jaisA ki Upara Izvara kA svarUpa batalAyA gayA hai| mUlataH IzvaravAdI vedAnta aura yogadarzana kA Izvara bhI vaisA nahIM hai jaisA ki nyAya darzana kA Izvara hai| vedAnta darzana meM nitya, anAdi, ananta tathA zuddha saccidAnanda svarUpa eka mAtra nirguNa brahma tattva ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| isake atirikta samasta jagat isI kA vivarta (bhrama) hai| arthAt samasta jagata meM ekamAtra brahma tattva hai, vaha jaba mAyopAdhi se yukta hokara saguNa rUpa ko dhAraNa karatA hai taba vaha nyAya darzana ke Izvara ke tulya ho jAtA hai| nyAyadarzana ko Izvara to mAtra jagat ko nimitta kAraNa hai jabaki vedAnta kA saguNa brahmarUpa Izvara jagat kA nimitta aura upAdAna donoM kAraNa hai| nyAya kI dRSTi se jagat vAstavika hai aura vedAnta kI dRSTi se jagat bhramAtmaka yA mAyAtmaka hai| isa taraha vedAnta kI dRSTi se parama brahma hI satya hai aura usa parama brahma kA mAyA yukta rUpa Izvara hai vaha parama satya nahIM yogadarzana sAMkhya darzana kA pUraka darzana hai| isameM prakRti (acetana) aura puruSa (cetana) ye do mukhya tattva haiN| puruSa (cetana AtmA) saMkhyA meM aneka haiN| eka puruSa vizeSa ko Izvara kahA hai jo anAdi mukta. klezAdi (zubhAzubha karmoM) se sarvathA mukta, vipAka (karmoM ke phalopabhoga) tathA Azaya (nAnA prakAra ke saMskAra) se sarvathA aspRSTa puruSa vizeSa hai| yaha prANiyoM para anugrahAdi karatA hai| isa taraha isa darzana kA Izvara eka puruSavizeSa hai aura vaha satyarUpa hai| sAMkhya darzana meM prakRti aura puruSa ye do hI tattva haiN| prakRti aura puruSa kA saMyoga hone para prakRti meM kSobha paidA hotA hai aura mahadAdi krama se prakRti se isa jagat kI sRSTi hotI hai| isameM Izvara (puruSa vizeSa) kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| sRSTi svAbhAvika prakriyA se hotI hai| jaise vatsavivRddhi ke lie dUdha kI pravRtti svataH hotI hai| jaina darzana meM 6 dravyoM kI sattA mAnI gaI hai-pudgala (rUpI acetana), jIva (cetana-AtmA), dharma (gati hetu) adharma (sthiti-hetu), AkAza (avagAha-hetu) aura kAla (vartanA yA parivartana hetu) / inase hI svAbhAvika rUpa se sRSTi hotI hai| isakA saJcAlaka koI Izvara nahIM hai| itanA avazya hai ki jIvanmuktoM aura videhamuktoM ko Izvara (paramAtmA) zabda se sambodhita kiyA gayA hai| parantu ve vItarAga hone se anugrahAdi kucha bhI kArya nahIM krte| ve kevala Adarza puruSa mAtra haiN| IzvaravAda ke sandarbha meM sAMkhya darzana aura jaina darzana donoM hI mUlata: anIzvaravAdI darzana haiM parantu paravartI kAla meM sAMkhya darzana IzvaravAdI darzana bana gyaa| sAMkhya darzana ko IzvaravAdI darzana banAne meM sarvapramukha bhUmikA AcArya vijJAnabhikSu kI hai sAMkhyadarzana ke upalabdha sarvaprAcIna grantha sAMkhyakArikA tathA usakI sabhI prAcIna TIkAoM meM kahIM bhI Izvara ke astittva ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| gauDapAdabhASya Adi TIkAoM meM sRSTikartA Izvara ke astitva kA khaNDana avazya milatA hai| zrI bAlagaMgAdhara tilaka kA vicAra hai ki IzvarakRSNa kI 61vIM kArikA lupta ho gaI hai jisakI racanA unhoMne gauDapAdabhASya ke AdhAra para karate hue anIzvaravAda kI sthApanA kI hai| sAMkhyakArikA kI prasiddha TIkA yuktidIpikA meM spaSTa zabdoM meM prakRti kI pravRtti meM Izvara-preraNA kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| gauDapAdakAra bhI Izvara ko sRSTi kA kAraNa mAnane ke mata ko asvIkAra karate hue kahate haiM ki Izvara jaba nirguNa hai to usase sattva Adi guNoM vAlI (saguNa) prajA kI sRSTi kaise ho sakatI hai| vAcaspati mizra kA kahanA hai ki jagat kI sRSTi yA to svArthavaza sambhava hai yA krunnaavsh| Izvara jaba AptakAma hai to usake svArtha kA koI prazna hI upasthita nahIM hotaa| karuNAvaza bhI sRSTi sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki sRSTi se pUrva zarIra-indriyAdi ke abhAva hone se du:khAbhAva hogA phira Izvara kI karuNA kaisI ? karuNAbhAva to dUsaroM ke duHkhoM ke nivAraNa kI icchA hai| sRSTi ke pazcAt prANiyoM ko duHkhI dekhakara karuNA mAnane para anyonyAzraya doSa hogaa| kiJca, karuNA se sRSTi mAnane para use sabhI ko sukhI hI utpanna karanA cAhie, duHkhI nhiiN| ata: acetana prakRti kI svataH pravRtti mAnanA hI ucita hai| vRttikAra aniruddha ne IzvarakartRtva kA khaNDana karate hue kahA hai ki Izvara kI siddhi karane vAlA koI pramANa nahIM hai| Izvara ke jagatkartRtva meM nimittakAraNatA kA khaNDana karate hue kahate haiM ki Izvara ke na to sazarIrI hone para aura na azarIrI hone para sRSTi sambhava hai|" yadi Izvara svatantra hokara bhI jIvoM ke karmAnusAra unakI sRSTi karatA hai to usakI AvazyakatA hI kyA hai ? kyoMki vaha kArya karma se hI ho jaayegaa| kiJca, rAga ke abhAva meM vaha sRSTi kara hI nahIM sakatA isI taraha anya tarkoM ke dvArA aniruddha sAMkhya sUtroM kI vRtti karate hue sAMkhya ko anIzvaravAdI siddha karate haiN| jaina darzana meM bhI kucha isI taraha kI yuktiyoM ke dvArA jagatkartA Izvara kA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| 189

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isake viparIta AcArya vijJAnabhikSu ne sAMkhyapravacanabhASya meM sAMkhyazAstra ke praNetA kapila muni ko Izvara kA avatAra tathA Izvara ko mokSapradAtA batalAyA hai| isa taraha inhoMne sAMkhya kI nirIzvaravAdI paramparA meM nayA mor3a diyA aura kahA ki Izvara kI siddhi pratyakSAdi pramANoM se na hone ke kAraNa usakA abhAva nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| isIlie sAMkhya sUtroM meM IzvarAsiddhaH (1/92) kahA hai parantu 'IzvarAbhAvAt' (sAM.pra.bhA. 1/92) ke rUpa meM vijJAnabhikSu kA yaha tarka anucita sA hai| kiJca, sAMkhyasUtra paravartI racanA hai| abhI taka usake kapila muni praNIta hone kI siddhi nahIM ho sakI hai| vastutaH vijJAnabhikSu kA Izvara vedAnta aura yogadarzana ko milA-julA rUpa hai| pahale batalAyA jA cukA hai ki sAMkhyadarzana kA anugAmI yogadarzana klezAdi se aparAmRSTa puruSavizeSa ko Izvara mAnatA hai| yogadarzana kA yaha Izvara saba prakAra ke bandhanoM se sarvathA achUtA hai| isameM niratizaya utkRSTa sattvazAlI buddhi rahatI hai jisase yaha aizvaryasampanna mAnA jAtA hai| jJAna aura aizvarya kA prakRSTatama rUpa jisameM dekhA jAtA hai vahI nitya Izvara hai| prakRti puruSa ke viveka jJAnapUrvaka mukta hone vAle jIvanmukta aura videhamukta Izvara nahIM haiM kyoMki ve pUrva meM bandhanayukta rahe haiN| kiJca, yaha Izvara anya puruSoM (AtmA) se viziSTa hai| sAmAnya puruSa akartA hai, parantu Izvara akartA nahIM hai| isa taraha yogadarzana sAMkhyAnugAmI hokara bhI puruSa vizeSa ke rUpa meM Izvara ko svIkAra karatA hai| vastuta: buddhi Adi prakRti ke dharma haiM aisI sthiti meM buddhayAdi ke rahane para rahane vAle aizvaryAdi guNoM kA dhAraka puruSavizeSa Izvara aizvaryasampanna kaise ho sakatA hai ? nyAyakumudacandra 4 Adi jaina granthoM meM yogAnusArI sAMkhyadarzana ke isI IzvaravAda kA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| vastutaH jaisA ki pahale kahA jA cukA hai sAMkhyadarzana mUlata: jainadarzana kI taraha anIzvaravAdI hai| DaoN. urmilA caturvedI ne 'sAMkhyadarzana aura vijJAnabhikSu' nAmaka zodha prabandha meM vijJAnabhikSu kA pakSa lete hue sAMkhya ko IzvaravAdI siddha kiyA hai| sAMkhyadarzana ke vikAsakrama ko dekhane se usake tIna rUpa dRSTigocara hote haiM(1) upaniSadoM, mahAbhArata', gItA", aura purANoM meM pratipAdita saaNkhydrshn| (2) kapilamuni, vArSagaNyA, aniruddha, IzvarakRSNa kI sAMkhyakArikA kA aura usake TIkAkAroM kA saaNkhydrshn| (3) paravartI sAMkhyadarzana jisakA pratinidhitva vijJAnabhikSu karate haiN| jaba hama kapila ke sAMkhyadarzana se jainadarzana kI tulanA karate haiM to dekhate haiN| ki donoM meM bahuta sAmya hai donoM meM kahIM bhI sarvazaktisampanna anAdi Izvara kI AvazyakatA anubhava nahIM kI gaI hai| paravartI kAla meM jisa prakAra sAMkhya meM IzvarakartRtva kA samAveza huA hai usa prakAra jainadarzana meM nahIM huA hai| yadyapi jainadarzana me IzvaropAsanA milatI hai parantu jainadarzana kA Izvara koI anAdimukta puruSa vizeSa nahIM hai apitu sabhI puruSa (AtmA) paramAtmA rUpa haiM, unameM se jo jIvanmukta (arhat yA tIrthaGkara) aura videhamukta (siddha) haiM unhIM kI Izvara rUpa se upAsanA kI jAtI hai| jainoM ke ye mukta-puruSa yA Izvara upAsaka para na to kRpA karate haiM na nindaka para krodha / upAsanA ke dvArA bhakta apane Atma-pariNAmoM kI nirmalatA se yazAdi ko prApta karatA hai| vastutaH jainoM ke ye mukta to sAMkhya darzana kI taraha sAkSI evaM taTastha haiN| ve zuddha caitanyarUpa aura sAkSI hone ke sAtha-sAtha sarvajJa, ananta zakti tathA ananta atIndriya Ananda se bhI sahita haiM jo sAMkhyadarzana ke muktapuruSa meM nahIM hai| aise muktAtmAoM meM Izvaratva kA Aropa nirAdhAra nahIM hai| yadyapi nizcaya naya se Izvara kRpA nahIM hai phira bhI vyavahAra se unakI kRpA kA ullekha milatA hai vastutaH phalaprApti karmAnusAra hI mAnI jAtI hai| jainadarzana kA karmasiddhAnta itanA vyavasthita hai ki usake rahate sRSTikartA Izvara kI AvazyakatA hI anubhava meM nahIM aatii| isake atirikta dharmadravya, adharmadravya, AkAzadravya aura kAladravya ke rahate Izvara ko koI kArya nahIM bacatA jisake lie sRSTikartA Izvara mAnA jaae| dravya kA svarUpa utpAd, vyaya aura dhrauvyAtmaka hone se bhI kisI preraka Izvara kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| isI prakAra sAMkhyadarzana meM bhI prakRti ko svarUpataH sattva (prakAzaka), rajas (kriyA) aura tamas (Avaraka) rUpa mAnane se Izvara kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| karmoM se sarvathA aspRSTa sarvadRSTA Izvara kathamapi sambhava nahIM hai| jaisAki AptaparIkSA meM kahA hai - nAspRSTaH karmabhiH zazvad vizvadRzvAsti kshcn| tasyAnupAyasiddhasya sarvathA'nupattitaH / / 8 / / isa taraha hama dekhate haiM ki arhatpada athavA siddhapada (jIvanmukta yA videhamukta) ko prApta jIva hI jainadarzana meM Izvara haiN| yadyapi pratyeka jIva meM yaha Izvaratva zakti hai parantu anAdikAla se karmabandha ke kAraNa vaha zakti DhakI huI hai| isa 190

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taraha puruSa vizeSa Izvara to hai parantu vaha kabhI bandhana meM nahIM thA aisA jainadarzana ko svIkArya nahIM hai| kiJca, vaha puruSa vizeSa jisane karmabandhanoM ko naSTa karake ananta darzana, ananta jJAna ananta zakti aura ananta vIrya ko prApta kiyA hai, Izvara to hai parantu AptakAma aura vItarAgI hone se sRSTi ke kisI bhI kArya meM ruci nahIM letA hai| isa dRSTi se vaha sAMkhyoM ke muktoM kI taraha sAkSI dRSTA mAtra hai| jaina granthoM meM sAMkhyadarzana ke Izvara kA jo khaNDana milatA hai yaha yogadarzana kI dRSTi se hai kyoMki sAMkhyadarzana mUlata: anIzvaravAdI hai| jaina darzana meM Izvaratva athavA mahAnatA kA dyotana aizvaryoM se nahIM kiyA gayA hai kyoMki vaha aizvarya anyoM ke bhI sambhava haiN| unakI IzvaratA ko mApadaNDa karmamala se rahita AtmA kI zuddhapariNati hai| jaisA ki AptamImAMsA meM AcArya samantabhadra ne kahA hai - devaagmnbhoyaan-caamraadivibhuutyH| mAyAviSvapi dRzyante nAtastvamasi no mhaan||1|| dossaavrnnyorhaaniniHshessaastytishaaynaat| kvacidyathA svahetubhyo bhirntrmlkssyH||4|| sandarbha sUcI1. ajJo janturanIzo'yamAtmanaH sukhaduHkhayoH / Izvaraprerito gacchet svarga narakameva vaa|| uddhRta, gauDapAda TIkA 61 AptaparIkSA TIkA, padya 23; syAdvAdamaJjarI, pR413.418 2. kleza-karmavipAkAzayairaparAmRSTaH puruSavizeSa IzvaraH / yogasUtra 1.24 3. vatsavivRddhinimittaM kSIrasya yathA prvRttirjnysy| puruSavimokSanimittaM tathA pravRttiH pradhAnasya / / sAM. kA. 57 4. tattvArthasUtra 5.1-3, 39 tathA 5,17-22 utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyayuktaM sat / tattvArthasUtra 5.30 bAlagaGgAdhara kRta kArikAkAraNamIzvarameke bruvate kAlaM pare svabhAvaM vaa| prajA kathaM nirguNato vyaktaH kAlaH svabhAvazca / sAMkhyakArikA meM mUlata: upalabdha kArikA - prakRteH sukumArataraM na kiJcadastIti me mtirbhvti| yA dRSTA'smIti punarna darzanamupaiti puruSasya / / sAM. kA. 61 / / 7. tasmAdyuktakarmatatpuruSavimokSArthA prakRteH pravRttirna caitanyaprasaGga iti // yukti 57 8. atra sAMkhyAcAryA AhuH- nirguNa Izvara: saguNAnAM lokAnAM tasmAdutpattirayukteti / gauDa0 61 9. sAMkhyatattvakaumudI 57 10. yadIzvarasiddhau pramANamaMsti, tadA tatpratyakSacintA uppdyte| tadeva tu naasti| ani0 1/92 tathA 5/10-11. 11. ani0 1/92 12. nArAyaNaH kapilamUrtiH / sAM0 pra0 bhA0 maMgalAcaraNa 2 13. dIyatAM mokSado hariH / vahI 6 14. nyAyakumudacandra 111-114 15. zvetAzvataropaniSad 1/9 16. mahAbhArata 12/306/36 17. mayAdhyakSeNa prakRtiH sUyate sacarAcaram / gItA 9/10 ___ ahaM kRtsnasya jagataH prabhavaH prlystthaa| gItA 7/6 18. brahmapurANa 1/33; viSNupurANa 1/2/29, 19. tathA ca vArSagaNAH paThanti prdhaan-prvRttirprtyyaa| puruSeNA'parigRhyamANA''disarge vartate / yukti 19 191

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20. puurvsiddhmiishvraasttvm| ani0 5/2 yadIzvarasiddhau pramANamasti; tadA tatpratyakSacintA upapadyate / tadeva tu nAsti |ani0 1/92 21. sAMkhyakArikA 57 tathA usakI ttiikaayeN| 22. kevalaNANa-divAyara-kiraNakalAvappaNAsi annnnaanno|| Navakevalalajhuggama sujnniy-prmppvveso| go0 jIva 63 asahAyaNANadaMsaNa sahio idi kevalI hu joenn|| jutto ti sajogajiNo aNAiNihaNArise utto / / go0 jIva 64 23. aTThavihakammaviyalA sIdIbhUdA NiraMjaNA nniccaa| aTThaguNa kidakiccA loyaggaNivAsiNo siddhaa|| go0 jIva 68 24. siddhiM me disaMtu / tIrthaGkarabhakti 8; titthayarA me pasIyantu / / tIrtha0 bhakti 6 25. sattvaM laghu prakAzakamiSTamupaSTambhakaM calaJca rajaH / / guru varaNakameva tamaH pradIpavaccArtha'to vRttiH / / sAM0 kA0 13 // jaina zramaNa-saMskRti kI prAcInatA evaM vaidika saMskRti [prastuta lekha meM zramaNa aura vaidika saMskRti kI paraspara tulanA karake yaha siddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki prArambha meM donoM saMskRtiyoM kA mUla eka hI rahA hai kintu paravartI kAla meM AcAra- vicAra viSayaka vaimatya ho jAne se donoM AmanesAmane khar3I hokara paraspara virodhI saMskRtiyA~ ho gii| Aja ke badale huye nae pariveza meM donoM saMskRtiyoM meM sAmyabhAva Avazyaka hai| jaina zramaNa saMskRti prAcIna hai, yaha vaidika granthoM se bhI siddha hai|] bhAratavarSa meM prAcIna kAla se do pramukha saMskRtiyA~ avicchinna rUpa se upalabdha hotI haiM(1) vaidika saMskRti aura (2) zramaNa sNskRti| vaidika saMskRti meM pravartaka dharma kI pradhAnatA hone se devopAsanA aura yajJAdi karmakANDa kI pramukhatA hai| "udbhidA yajeta pAzukAmaH" (pazu kI kAmanA vAlA udbhida yajJa kare), 'agnihotraM juhuyAt, svargakAmaH' (svarga kI kAmanA vAlA agnihotra yajJa kareM) ityAdi yajJIya vidhi-vidhAnoM ke dvArA ihalaukika aura pAralaukika sukha-samRddhi ke lie prayatna dekhA jAtA hai| santAna, strI, dhana, pazu, hiraNya Adi bhoga-sAmagriyoM kI prApti hI jIvana kA lakSya hai| indra, varuNa, marut, rudra Adi devatAoM ko stutiyoM aura yajJoM ke dvArA prasannakara unase bhautika vastuoM ko prApta karane kI abhilASA dekhI jAtI hai| Atmacintana, tyAga, tapasyA, saMsAramukti Adi ke lie prayatna parilakSita nahIM hotA hai| isake viparIta zramaNa saMskRti meM nivartaka dharma kI pradhAnatA hone se aMhisA, satya, tapasyA, saMnyAsa, samAdhi, cittazuddhi, vItarAgatA, samatvabhAvanA, AtmasaMlInatA, niSkAmakarma-parAyaNatA Adi kI pramukhatA hai| sAMsArika sukha-lAbha ke lie isa saMskRti meM mahattva nahIM hai| vaidika saMskRti kA pratinidhitva brAhmaNoM meM rahA hai tathA zramaNa saMskRti kA pratinidhitva jaina-bauddha dharmAnuyAyiyoM meM rahA hai| isa taraha vaidika saMskRti vaha hai jisameM veda aura vaidika vAGmaya ko dhArmika kriyAoM ke lie pramANa mAnA jAtA hai| zramaNa saMskRti meM veda aura vaidika vAGmaya ko dhArmika dRSTi se to pramANa nahIM mAnA jAtA parantu unameM zramaNa saMskRti ke ullekhoM ko aitihAsika dRSTi se avazya prAmANika mAnA jAtA hai| zramaNa saMskRti vaidika saMskRti se prAcIna hai yA arvAcIna hai' yaha to vidvAnoM meM vivAdAspada hai parantu itanA avazya satya hai ki vaidika saMskati ke samAnAntara hI zramaNa saMskRti, janajIvana meM vyApta thii| dAzarAjJa aura sudAsa kA yuddha ina donoM saMskRtiyoM kA yuddha thaa| dAzarAjJa ke netA the RSi vizvAmitra aura sudAsa ke netA the vaziSTha RSi / tapazcaraNa dvArA jAti-parivartana karane vAle tathA jJAna aura nyAya ke mUrtarUpa vizvAmitra zramaNa saMskRti ke pratinidhi the| yajJa-samArAdhaka vaziSTha vaidika saMskRti ke pratinidhi the| sudAsa kI vijayaprApti ke bAda vaidika dharma kA pracAra yadyapi abAdharUpa se huA, parantu zramaNa saMskRti ke prabhAva se vaidika RSi 192

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achUte nahIM rhe| upaniSatkAlIna RSiyoM meM yaha prabhAva spaSTa parilakSita hotA hai| phalata: kucha vaidika RSi bhautikatA ko chor3akara AdhyAtmika hone lge| isIlie zvetAmbaroM ke RSibhASita meM aise saMyamI vaidika RSiyoM ke ullekha zramaNa saMskRti ke RSiyoM ke sAtha milate haiN| kucha vidvAnoM kA mata hai kI vAnaprastha aura saMnyAsa Azrama kI mAnyatA vaidika AryoM meM avaidika zramaNa saMskRti se AI hai| kucha anya vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki saMnyAsa dharma ke bIja Rgveda meM bhI milate haiN| Rgveda meM saMnyAsa dharma ke bIja milane se use vaidika saMskRti nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki vedoM meM zramaNa aura brAhmaNa donoM saMskRtiyA~ milatI haiN| upaniSadoM meM to spaSTa rUpa se zramaNa saMskRti ko 'paramahaMsa' ke rUpa meM samAdRta kiyA gayA hai| Rgveda meM kezI, vAtarazanA Adi jaina zramaNa muniyoM ke ullekha milate haiN| sAyaNAcArya Adi bhASyakAra ina muniyoM kA sambandha yadyapi vaidika paramparA se jor3ate haiM, parantu vicAra karane para ye zramaNa-paramparA-paripoSaka hI siddha hote haiN| vastuta: vAtarazanA muni na kevala zramaNa the, apitu Adya jaina tIrthakara bhagavAn RSabhadeva hI the, jaisA ki zrImadbhAgavata purANa ke nimna uddharaNa se spaSTa hai varhiSi tasminneva viSNudatta bhagavAn paramarSibhiH prasAdito nAbheH priyacikIrSayA tadavarodhAyane merudevyAM dharmAn darzayatukAmo vAtarazanAnAM zramaNAnAm RSINAm UrdhvamanthinAM zuklyA tnuvaavttaar| isase spaSTa hai ki vAtarazanA muni kI zramaNa-dharmaparamparA Rgveda meM ullikhita hai| hindU zAstroM meM bhI jainoM ke Adi tIrthaGkara RSabhadeva ko bhagavAn ke avatAroM meM ginAyA gayA hai| zrImadbhAgavata meM RSabhadeva ko 'paramahaMsa' digambara dharma ke pratipAdaka ke rUpa meM smaraNa kiyA gayA hai - "evamanuzAsyAtmajAn svayamanuziSTAnapi lokAnuzAsanArtha mahAnubhAvaH paramasuhRd bhagavAn RSabhApadeza upazamazIlAnAmuparatakarmaNAM mahAmunInAM bhakti-jJAna-vairAgyalakSaNaM paramahaMsasya dharmamupazikSamANaH svatanayazatajyeSThaM paramabhAgavataM bhagavaJjanaparAyaNaM bharataM dharaNIpAlanAya abhiSicya svayaM bhavan zarIramAtraparigraha unmatta iva gaganaparidhAnaH prakIrNakeza AtmanyAropitA havanIyo brahmAvartat pravavrAja' yahA~ paramahaMsa kA jo citra citrita kiyA gayA hai vaha pUrNata: bhagavAn RSabhadeva kA hai| atharvaveda ke jAbAlyopaniSad meM paramahaMsa ke lie nirgrantha karapAtrI, kamaNDuladhArI Adi vizeSaNa diye gaye haiM "yathAjAtarUpadharo nirgrantho niSparigrahastattvabrahmamArge samyakasampannaH" isI prakAra yAjJavalkyopaniSad meM jaina nagna zramaNa ke lie 'paramezvara' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai- "yathAjAtarUpadharA nirdvandA niSparigrahAstattvabrahmamArge samyaksampannAH zuddhamAnasAH prANasaMdhAraNArtha yathoktakAle vimukto bhaikSamAcarannudarapAtreNa lAbhAlAbhau samo bhUtvA karapAtreNa vA kamaNDaludakayobhaikSAmAcarannudaramAtrasaMgraha; AzAmvaro, na dAraputrAbhilASI lakSyAlakSyanivartakaH parivrAT paramezvaro bhavati / yahA~ paramezvara rUpa sAdhu kA jo rUpa citrita kiyA gayA hai| vaha pUrNata: jaina muni meM hI ghaTita hotA hai| jaina muni ko 'paramezvara' kahanA unakI zreSThatA aura pUjyatA ko darzAtA hai| bRhadAraNyakopaniSad, vAlmIkirAmAyaNa', aSTAdhyAyI Adi meM bhI jaina zramaNoM ke ullekha milate haiN| bhAratIya purAtattva ke itihAsa ko dekhane se bhI jJAta hotA hai ki sindhu deza kI mohanajodar3o saMskRti aura har3appA saMskRti prAcInatama haiN| vahA~ jo pASANa-mUrtiyA~ haiM ve zramaNa saMskRti ke anukUla dhyAna kI kAyotsarga -mudrA meM haiN| tadanantara azokanirmita purAtAtvika cihna anya kI apekSA prAcIna haiM / vahA~ bhI AjIvaka sAdhuoM ke sAtha nirgrantha sAdhuoM kA ullekha hai|" AjIvaka aura nirgrantha donoM zramaNa-saMskRti ke sAdhu haiN| isI prakAra khaNDagiri, udayagiri, khAravela Adi ke purAtattva zramaNa saMskRti ke paripoSaka haiN| isa prakAra prAgvaidika kAla se lekara Aja bhI zramaNa saMskRti bhArata meM avicchinna rUpa se pravAhita hai| yadyapi yaha zramaNa saMskRti vibhinna dhArAoM meM pravAhita thI parantu Aja pramukha rUpa se jaina aura bauddha ina do dhArAoM meM vibhakta hai| bauddha zramaNa saMskRti kA pravAha bhAratadeza kI apekSA bhArata se bAhara barmA, sIlona, thAIlaiMDa Adi dezoM meM adhika hai| jaina zramaNa saMskRti pramukharUpa se bhAratadeza meM hI parivyApta hai| 'zram dhAtu se 'yuc' pratyaya karane para 'zramaNa' zabda banatA hai| zramaNa zabda ke lie prAkRta aura pAli bhASA meM 'samaNa', mAgadhI meM 'zamaNa', apabhraMza meM 'savaNu', kannaDa meM 'zramaNa', yUnAnI meM megasthanIja ne 'saramanAI', cInI meM hvenasAMga ne 'zramaNerasa' Adi zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| sAmAnyataH zramaNa ke tIna artha prasiddha haiM- zramaNa, zamana aura samaNa / jaise 193

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(1) zramaNa- zrama kA artha hai parizrama aura vaha parizrama 'tapasyA' ke artha meM rUr3ha hai| ata: jo apane zrama se yA tapapuruSArtha se utkarSa ko prApta karatA hai vaha zramaNa hai| bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM zramaNa zabda kI vyutpatti hai 'zrAmyati tapasyatIti zramaNaH / zramaNazabdasya puMsi pravRtinimittatapaHkriyA shraamnnym| (2) zaman - shaantikaark| jo sAdhu apane rAga-dveSa Adi citta ke azubha vikAroM ko bhedavijJAna ke bala se prazamita karake AtmIya ananta zakti meM magna hotA hai vaha 'zamana' hai| (3) samaNa 3- jisakA mana samatA ko lie hue hai| jo prANimAtra ke prati samabhAva rakhatA hai, viSamatA ko haTAtA hai, rAga-dveSajanya tuccha vicAroM ko visarjita karatA hai tathA sadA vizvabandhutva kI bhAvanA rakhatA hai, vaha 'samaNa' hai| isa taraha zram, zama aura sama ina tInoM arthoM kA samAveza zramaNa saMskRti meM vizeSakara jaina zramaNa saMskRti meM pAyA jAtA hai| jaise- 'zrama' artha karane para 'zramaNa' karmaThatA , tyAga, tapasyA, puruSArtha, pariSahajaya Adi guNoM ke dvArA AtmavikAsa karatA hai| 'zama' artha karane para zramaNa paraspara viruddha vibhinna matavAdoM se vicalita na hotA huA zAnti ke amoghazastra ko dhAraNa karatA hai| 'sama' artha karane para zramaNa viSamatA meM bhI saMyama evaM samatA ko dhAraNa karatA hai| Aja zrama, zAnti aura samatA ina tInoM kI dhArmika kSetra kI taraha sAmAjika kSetra meM bhI mahatI AvazyakatA hai| isase sAmAjika kSetra meM sadAcAra, sahanazIlatA, kSamAbhAva, sAmyabhAva, udAratA, vizvabandhutva Adi lokakalyANakAraka cirantana saMdeza prasArita hoNge| zrama, zAnti aura samatA se 'sarve bhavantu sukhinaH sarve santu nirAmayAH' kI bhAvanA manuSyoM ke mana meM samudbhUta hotI hai| AdhyAtmika kSetra meM niHzreyas kI prApti hotI hai| bAhya bhogopabhoga ke sAdhanoM kI upalabdhi aura sAMsArika aizvarya kI prApti zramaNa saMskRti kA AnuSaGgika phala hai| sAmAnyataH jaina saMskRti aura bauddha saMskRti ye donoM zramaNa-paramparA vAlI saMskRtiyA~ haiM, parantu donoM meM antara hai| jainoM kA mUla AdhAra ahiMsA hai| ahiMsA kA jitanA sUkSma vivecana jaina saMskRti meM hai utanA anya kisI bhI saMskRti meM nahIM hai| pRthvI, jala, kIr3e, makor3e, pazu, pakSI, vanaspati Adi meM AtmadRSTi se koI bheda nahIM hai kyoMki pratyeka AtmA paramAtmA hai| yahI jainoM kA sAmyabhAva hai| ahiMsA ke lie Avazyaka hai aparigrahatA aura viitraagtaa| vicAroM meM bhI sAmyabhAva ho isake lie anekAntavAd, syAdvAda, aura nayavAd ke siddhAnta jaina zramaNa saMskRti meM svIkAra kie gaye haiN| isa taraha hama dekhate haiM ki zramaNa saMskRti aura vaidika saMskRti vaidika kAla meM eka sAtha samabhAva se thiiN| bAda meM unameM virodha bar3hatA gayA aura vaha itanA bar3ha gayA ki pANini Adi ko donoM meM zAzvatika virodha kahanA pdd'aa| maryAdApuruSottama rAma aura jaina tIrthaGkara ariSTanemi ke bhAI zrIkRSNa ne ina donoM saMskRtiyoM ke pArasparika virodha ke zAntyartha zlAghanIya prayatna kiyA hogA, jisake phalasvarUpa donoM saMskRtiyoM meM ye donoM mahApuruSa sammAna ke pAtra bane / IzAvAsyopaniSad aura bhagavadgItA meM bhI pravRtti aura nivRttimArga kA samanvaya dekhA jAtA hai| zramaNa saMskRti kA prabhAva vaidika saMskRti para aura vaidika saMskRti kA prabhAva zramaNa saMskRti para pdd'aa| vedAntadarzana aura usakA AdhArabhUta upaniSadarzana to zramaNa saMskRti se pUrNataH prabhAvita hai| yaha eka bAta vizeSarUpa se mananIya hai ki zramaNa saMskRti (jainabauddha donoM) meM sadAcArI sAdhaka ko saccA brAhmaNa kahA hai tathA brAhmaNoM ke zrautasUtroM meM brAhmaNa bhikSuoM ko 'zramaNa' kahA gayA hai| baudhAyana meM muni ko zramaNa kahA hai|4| isa vivecana se itanA spaSTa hai ki vaidika kAla meM jaina zramaNa saMskRti thI aura use sammAna kI dRSTi se dekhA jAtA thaa| kAlAntara meM vaidika aura zramaNa saMskRtiyoM meM virodha bar3hatA gayA aura vaha itanA bar3ha gayA ki pANini jaise vaiyAkaraNoM ko sarpa aura nevalA ke janmasiddha vaira kI taraha tulanA karanI pdd'ii| parantu vaidika saMskRti meM kucha aise bhI RSi hue haiM jinhoMne zramaNa saMskRti ko apanI saMskRti meM samAviSTa kara liyaa| zramaNa saMskRti para bhI vaidika saMskRti kA prabhAva pdd'aa| vaidika ullekha hameM yaha bhI vicAra karane ke lie prerita karate haiM ki jaina zramaNa saMskRti aura vaidika saMskRti ke Adya sUtradhAra bhagavAn RSabhadeva rahe haiM, jinheM kAlAntara meM svadharmAnusAra apanI-apanI saMskRti meM samAviSTa kara liyA gyaa| RSabhadeva ko vaidika saMskRti meM ziva yA rudra ke rUpa meM prasiddhi milii| bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne kalpavRkSoM ke naSTa hone para gRhasthoM ko asi, masi Adi kA upadeza diyA thA, jisase brAhmaNa saMskRti pallavita huI aura bhagavAn kI tapa:sAdhanA paddhati se jaina zramaNa saMskRti vikasita huii| 1 sandarbhasUcI - 1. yA vaH zarma zazamAnAya santi tridhAtUni dAzuSe ycchtaadhi| asmabhyaM tAni maruto vi yanta rayiM nA dhatta vRSaNaH suvIram / Rgveda 1: 85 : 12. 194

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2. Rgveda 7, 33,2, 5, 83, 8,ApTe, saMskRta hindI koza, vizvAmitra shbd| 3. hindU dharmasamIkSA, hindI grantha itnAkara, bambaI; jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, pUrvapIThikA pR0 78,82; gItA rahasya (lokamAnya tilaka) saMnyAsa aura karmayoga prkrnn| zatapatha brAhmaNa 13 : 4:1:1; baudhAyana dharmasUtra 2 : 6 : 11 : 33-34;. ApastambasUtra 9 : 24 : 8. Rgveda- 10 : 136 : 1-4; bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna, pR0 13-14. 5. bhAgavatapurANa 5: 3:20. 6. bhAgayata 5:5. 7. anekAnta varSa 1, pR0 539-540 8. bhAgavata 5 : 5. 9. bRhadAraNyaka 4:3:22. 10. vAlmIki, sarga 18. 11. azoka stambha lekha naM0 7. 12. bhagavatI ArAdhanA 70 vijayodayA TIkA 13. bhagavatI ArAdhanA 60 vijayodayA TIkA 14. bau0 sU0 16 : 30; pANinikAlIna bhArata, vAsudevazaraNa agravAla, pR0 377. 15. RSabha saurabha; DaoN. gokula prasAda jaina saMskRti prasAra / kAmatA prasAda jaina, digambaratva aura digambara muni| hindU dharma aura digmbrtv| yajJa : eka anucintana jaina, bauddha evaM brAhmaNa granthoM ke parizIlana se jJAta hotA hai ki jisa samaya bhagavAn mahAvIra aura buddha ne janma liyA thA usa samaya vedavihita hiMsA pradhAna yajJoM kA pracalana dharma ke rUpa meM itanI adhika mAtrA meM thA ki pratyeka Avazyaka kriyAoM kI saphalatA ke liye ina yajJoM ko karanA Avazyaka samajhA jAtA thaa| jaise putraprApti ke lie, dhana kI prApti ke lie yuddha meM vijaya prApta karane ke lie aadi| isa yuga ko karmakANDI brAhmaNa yuga kahA jAtA haiM jisameM paurohityavAda ne jora pakar3A tathA purohita (pujArI) devoM ke tulya samajhe jAne lge| vedoM ko nitya apauruSeya evaM Izvarapradatta mAnane kI pravRtti kA bhI udaya isa kAla meM huaa| parama puruSa ke nizvAsa ke rUpa meM bhI inakI prasiddhi huii| jo inakA jJAtA hotA thA vahI paNDita kahalAtA thA tathA samAja meM Adara kI dRSTi se dekhA jAtA thaa| yajJAna prApta karane kA bhI adhikArI vedavid brAhmaNa hI samajhA jAtA thaa| bAhmaNa loga yajJoM meM niraparAdha evaM mUka pazuoM kA hanana va havana yaha kaha kara kiyA karate the ki vedavihita hiMsA hiMsA nahIM kahalAtI hai| vaidikI hiMsA hiMsA na bhavati' tathA isake sandarbha meM auSadhi, pazu, vRkSa, tiryaJca aura pakSI yajJa meM homa kI vidhA se mRtyu ko prApta hokara svarga ko prApta karate haiN| pazu vagairaha kI sRSTi yajJa meM havana karane ke lie hI huI hai| eka tarapha gAya meM 33 karor3a devatAoM kA nivAsa mAnate the aura dUsarI tarapha dharma ke nAma para yajJamaNDapa meM usake, karuNakrandana karate rahane para bhI hiMsA kiyA karate the| jJAna-puJjarUpa Rgveda meM yajJa ke yathArtha rUpa kA darzana devoM kI ArAdhanA ke rUpa meM hotA hai parantu kAlAntara meM brAhmaNa granthoM meM yajJa ko eka jAdU-TonA kA rUpa prApta huA jo yajJa prakriyA kI eka avanati thI' tathA vedavihita dharma ko kaluSita karanA thaa| kisa taraha vedavihita dharma ko ina dhUrta mA~sa-lolupa veda ke vyAkhyAkAroM ne azvamedha, rAjasUya Adi yajJoM meM dharma ke nAma para agaNita niraparAdha prANiyoM kI hiMsA karake, kaluSita kiyA tathA svayaM patita hokara dUsaroM ko bhI patitAcAra meM pravRtta karAyA, isakA varNana hama Age kreNge| sarvaprathama hama yaha jAna leM ki ina brAhmaNa granthoM meM jinameM yajJa-yAga kA hI savistAra varNana hai, kisa taraha yajJa karane kI prathA thI tathA yajJa meM kauna-kauna se upakaraNa hote the ? yajJa ke avasara para eka yajJamaNDapa banavAyA jAtA thA jisake bIca meM yajJa vedikA hotI thI jahA~ prajjvalita agni meM AhutiyAM dI jAtI thiiN| ina yajJoM kA sampAdana cAra viziSTa vyakti Rtvij milakara karate the jo cAroM vedoM ke viziSTa jJAtA kahalAte the| unake nAma aura kArya nimna prakAra se the - (1) hotA Rtvij - yaha yajJa ke samaya viziSTa mantroM dvArA devatA kA AhvAna karatA thaa| una viziSTa mantroM kA saGkalana Rgveda meM hone se yaha Rgveda kA pUrNajJAtA hotA thaa| 195

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(2) adhvaryu Rtvija - yajJoM kA vidhivat sampAdana karanA isakA kArya hai| isa viSaya ke jJAna ke lie Avazyaka mantroM kA saGkalana yajurveda-saMhitA meM hone se, yaha Rtvija yajurveda kA pUrNajJAtA hotA thaa| (3) udgAtA Rtvij - isakA kArya hai ki ucca evaM madhura svara se RcAoM kA gAna kre| sAmaveda meM aisI RcAoM kA saGkalana hai| ata: yaha Rtvij sAmaveda kA pUrNajJAtA hotA thaa| (4) brahmA Rtvij - yaha sampUrNa yajJa kA nirIkSaNa karatA hai jisase yajJa meM kisI prakAra kI truTi na rhe| ata: ise samagra vedoM kA jJAna honA jarUrI thaa| atharvaveda kA saGkalana isI Rtvij ke nimitta hai kyoMki veda tIna hI haiM 'trayI vedaaH'| ata: yaha Rtvij mukhyarUpa se atharvaveda kA jJAtA hotA thaa| ___ 'yajJa' zabda 'yaj' pUjArthaka dhAtu se niSpanna hotA hai| ata: 'ijyate'neneti yajJaH' jisake dvArA, havana-pUjana kiyA jAya use yajJa kahate haiN| isa prakAra yajJa eka prakAra kA karma hai, karma cAhe zubharUpa ho yA azubharUpa ho donoM saMsAra bhramaNa meM kAraNa haiM tathA saMsAra bhramaNa duHkha kA hetu hai| yaha sampUrNa saMsAracakra yajJa kI prakriyA se hI pracalita hai|" tathA hamArI jo bhI kriyAe~ haiM ve sabhI eka prakAra kI yajJa kriyAe~ hI haiN| parantu brAhmaNa granthoM meM pracalita 'yajJa' zabda eka viziSTa kriyA kA dyotaka hai| ina yajJoM ko dravya aura bhAva ke bheda se do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jAtA hai| dravya-yajJa ke puna: do mukhya bheda haiM - zrautadravyayajJa aura smaartdrvyyjny| inake kramaza: svarUpa nimna prakAra haiMzrautadravyayajJaH-jinameM jaMgama aura sthAvara jIvoM kI bali dI jAtI hai| unheM zrautadravya-yajJa kahate haiN| jaise azvamedha, vAjapeya, jyotiSToma aadi| ye yajJa bahuta kharcIle, par3ate the| ata: sAdhAraNa janatA ina yajJoM ko nahIM kara sakatI thii| ina yajJoM meM aneka pazuoM kI nirmama hatyAeM hotI thiiN| isa taraha dharma ke nAma para hiMsA kA bahuta pracAra dekhakara tatkAlIna tattvamanISiyoM ne ghora khaNDana kiyaa| yadyapi eka, sunizcita dharma-paramparA ke viruddha jAne kA kisI ko sAhasa na hotA thA parantu viruddha vicAroM ko prakaTa karate hue bhI veda ko pramANa mAnate rahe veda ko pramANa mAnane vAle bhAratIya darzanoM meM jo paraspara virodha hai yaha una manISiyoM kI caturatA hai| ata: upaniSadoM meM tathA bhagavAn mahAvIra aura buddha ne isa vaidika karmakANDa kI tIvra AlocanA kii| bhagavAn mahAvIra aura buddha isa vaidika karmakANDa, veda prAmANya ke prabalatama virodhI the tathA unake sthAna para ahiMsApradhAna dharma kA pracAra karane vAloM meM zreSThatama the| bauddhoM para yAjJika kriyAkANDa kI itanI pratikriyA huI ki unheM AtmA zabda se hI ghRNA ho gii| cUMki AtmA ke nimitta se svarga kI prApti ke lie logoM ko pralobhita kiyA jAtA thA ataH usa zAzvata Atmatattva ko rAgadveSa kI amaravela mAnakara usakA khaNDana hI kara diyaa| jaina aura bauddha granthoM meM ina yajJoM ke khaNDana meM jo tarkapUrNa yuktiyA~ pradarzita kI gaI haiM unheM dekhakara koI bhI sahRdaya vyakti punaH ina yajJoM kI tarapha dekhane kA sAhasa na kregaa| syAdvAdamaJjarI meM eka kArikA uddhRta hai devopahAra vyAjena yajJavyAjena ye'thvaa| ghranti jantUn gataghRNA ghorAM te yAnti durgatim // arthAt jo loga deva-prasAdArtha athavA yajJa ke bahAne ghRNA se rahita hokara prANiyoM (jantuoM) ko hiMsA karate haiM ve ghora andhakAra se pUrNa durgati meM jAte haiN| vAvari brAhmaNa kA ziSya puNNaka bhagavAn buddha se nimna prazna pUchatA hai, bhagavan ! kisa kAraNa se RSiyoM, manuSyoM, kSatriyoM, brAhmaNoM ne isa loka meM devatAoM ke lie pRthak-pRthak yajJa kalpita kie haiM bhagavan ! btaaveN| bhagavAn buddha - 'jina kinhIM RSiyoM, manuSyoM, kSatriyoM, brAhmaNoM ne isa loka meM devatAoM ke lie pRthakpRthak yajJa kalpita kie haiM, unhoMne isa janma kI cAha rakhate hue jarA Adi se amukta hokara hI kie| puNNaka-jina kinhIM ne yajJa kalpita kie, bhagavan ! kyA ve yajJa-patha meM apramAdI the? he mArSa, kyA ve janmajarA ko pAra hue? he bhagavan ! Apa se yaha pUchatA huuN| mujhe btaayeN| ___bhagavAn buddha - ve jo AzaMsana karate, stoma karate, abhijalpa karate, havana karate haiM so lAbha ke lie kAmoM ko hI japate haiN| ve yajJa ke yoga se, bhava ke rAga se rakta ho janma-jarA ko pAra nahIM hue, aisA maiM kahatA huuN| puNNaka-he mArSa! yadiH yajJa ke yoga se, yajJoM ke dvArA janma-jarA ko pAra nahIM hue, to mArSa, phira loka meM kauna deva janma-jarA ko pAra hue ? he bhagavAn ! use btlaaveN| bhagavAn buddha - jise loka meM kahIM bhI tRSNA nahIM hai, jo zAnta, duzcarita rahita, rAgAdi se virata, AzArahita hai, vaha janma-jarA ko pAra kara gayA, aisA maiM kahatA huuN|14 196

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isI taraha bhagavAn buddha ke anusAra vaidika karmakANDa vizuddhi-sAdhaka nahIM hai, vaha to sirpha lena-dena rUpI vyApAra kI bhAvanA para pratiSThita hai| arthAt 'tuma mujhe yaha do, maiM tumheM yaha detA hU~' isa prakAra kI pravRttiyoM se sampUrNa yAjJika vidhAna pratiSThita haiN| aupaniSadika RSiyoM kA vizvAsa yAjJika vidhAna meM dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai| ve yAgAdi kriyAoM ko yadyapi paramArthaprApti meM Avazyaka nahIM samajhate haiN| tathApi adhikArIbheda se Azrama-dharma kI vyavasthA ke lie unakA pUrNa nirAkaraNa bhI nahIM karate haiN| isa taraha unakI pravRtti eka tarapha samanvayAtmaka hai aura dUsarI tarapha nindaatmk| jaise kahIM-kahIM purohitoM kI khAne-pIne kI lolupatA ko dekhakara unako evaM unake yAjJika kriyA-kalApoM ko eka ghRNA kI vastu batAyI gayI hai| eka sthAna para to unheM kuttoM kI eka pA~ta meM khar3e jaisA bhI dikhAyA hai| ve lolupatApUrvaka kahate haiM -'om dA om pivA, oma devo varuNaH Adi (OM mujhe khAne do, OM mujhe pIne do, deva vrunn)|" isa lena-dena ke vyApAra ke kAraNa hI devoM kA bhI darjA bahuta nimna aura lolupatApUrNa dikhalAI par3atA hai| gosvAmI tulasIdAsa... jI ne isakA acchA varNana kiyA hai jisameM indra ko zvAna' ko upamA dI gaI hai| isase vaidika deva kI pratiSThA para dhakkA pahu~catA veda ko pramANa mAnane vAle sAMkhyAcAryoM ne ina yajJoM kI nindA karate hue kahA hai - yUpaM chittvA pazUn hatvA kRtvA rudhirkrdmm| yadyevaM gamyate svarge narake kena gamyate // artha-yUpAdi (vRkSAdi) kA chedana karake, pazuoM kI hiMsA karake tathA khUna kA kIcar3a karake yadi svarga kI prApti hotI hai to vaha kauna-sA ghora karma hai jisake karane se naraka jAyA jAtA hai| tathA sAMkhyakArikA ke prArambha meM daihika, daivika aura bhautika duHkhoM se Atyantika nivRtti kA upAya vyAvahArika (auSadhAdi) sAdhanoM kI taraha zrautavihita yajJaprakriyA ko nahIM mAnA hai - dRSTavadAnuzravikaH shyvishuddhikssyaatishyyuktH| tadviparItaH zreyAn vyktaavyktjnyvijnyaanaat||2|| artha-laukika (dRSTa) upAyoM kI taraha zrutivihita yajJa bhI duHkhoM se Atyantika nivRtti nahIM karA sakate kyoMki zrutivihita yajJa-vizuddhi se rahita, kSaya aura atizaya se yukta haiN| isake viparIta prakRti-puruSa kA jJAna hI zreyakArI hai| veda ko hI pramANa svIkAra karane vAle vedAntiyoM ne bhI hiMsApradhAna yajJoM kI nirmamatA dekhakara kahA ki jo loga pazuoM kI hiMsA karake yajJa karate haiN| ve ghora andhakAra meM vilIna ho jAte haiM kyoMki hiMsA na to kabhI dharma rahI hai, na hai aura na rahegI - andhe tamasi majjAmaH pshubhiryairyjaamhe| hiMsA nAma bhaveddharmo na bhUto na bhvissyti|| isa taraha vedAntiyoM ne hiMsApradhAna dharma kA traikAlika niSedha karake ahiMsApradhAna dharma kI pratiSThApanA kii| yazastilakacampU meM eka prasaGga AtA hai jisameM rAjA yazodhara ATe kA kalpita murgA banAkara bali car3hAte haiM jisake phalasvarUpa ve kaI bhavoM taka saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karate haiN| isa kalpita murge kI bali se yaha batalAyA gayA hai ki jaba kalpita pazu kI bali itanI aniSTakara ho sakatI hai to sAkSAtpazu kI bali car3hAne se kyA durgati hogI isakI kalpanA nahIM kI jA sakatI hai| anya saMvAda jaina 'padmapurANa'21 meM AtA hai jisameM nArada aura parvata ke bIca 'ajairyaSTavyam' zabda ke artha ko lekara vivAda utpanna ho jAtA hai| taba ve salAha karake ucita nirNaya karAne ke lie rAjA vasu ke pAsa agrima dina jAte haiN| usa samaya rAjA vasu satyavAdI thA tathA usake prabhAva se usakA siMhAsana pRthvI se Upara uThA rahatA thaa| rAjadarabAra meM pahuMcakara donoM apane-apane pakSAnusAra 'ajairyaSTavyam' kA artha batAte haiM / (1) nArada-'aja se yajJa karanA cAhie' kA artha hai-'usa prakAra ke dhAnya (dhAna) se yajJa (havana) karanA jisameM sahakArI kAraNa milane para bhI aGkura utpanna karane kI zakti vartamAna na ho|' (2) parvata -'aja se yajJa karanA cAhie' kA artha hai-'bakare kI bali car3hAkara yajJa (havana) krnaa| rAjA yadyapi 'aja' zabda kA artha kaI bAra dhAnyavizeSa kara cuke the parantu kisI eka vacanabaddhatA ke kAraNa parvata ke pakSa meM apanA 197

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nirNaya de dete haiN| phalasvarUpa rAjA kA siMhAsana pRthivI para gira par3atA hai aura rAjA vasu sAtaveM naraka meM jAkara ananta kaSToM ko jhelate haiN| isa prasaGga meM sirpha itanA hI batAyA hai ki 'aja' zabda kA artha bakarA nahIM hai apitu dhAnya vizeSa hai jisameM aGkura utpanna karane kI zakti kSINa ho cukI hai| yahA~ 'aja' zabda kA bakarA artha karanA mAtra durgati kA kAraNa ho jAtA hai taba phira pazu-yajJa kaise dharma kahe jA skeNge| yaha pazu-yajJa kI prathA anArya, mA~sa-lolupa brAhmaNoM dvArA pracalita kI gii| jaisA ki mahAbhArata meM kahA hai - 'surA matsyA madhu-mAMsamAsavaM kRsraudnm| dhUrtaH pravartitaM hyetan naitad vedeSu klpitm|| mahAbhArata, zAntiparva 265,9 // cUMki saMsArI prANI svabhAva se viSayAsakta hote haiM phira yadi unheM isa prakAra kA upadeza mila jAya to zIghra hI use grahaNa kara lete haiN| phalasvarUpa pazu-yajJoM kA pracalana bar3ha gyaa| parantu jo Arya brAhmaNa the unameM yaha bAta nahIM thii| unakA Adarza U~cA thaa| bauddha grantha suttanipAta ke brAhmaNa dhammika sutta meM jo brAhmaNoM kA AcaraNa batalAyA hai vaha bar3A hI ucca evaM Adarzamaya hai yathA mAtA pitA bhAtA ajJe vApi ca jaatkaa| gAvo no paramA mittA yAsu jAyanti osadhA // annadA valadA cetA vaNNadA sukhadA tthaa| etamatthavasaM JatvA nAssu gAvo haniMsu te|| artha-mAtA, pitA, bhAI aura anya nAtedAroM kI taraha gAyeM bhI hamArI mitra haiM kyoMki khetI una para nirbhara hai| ve anna, bala, kAnti evaM sukha dene vAlI haiN| aisA socakara prAcIna kAla meM gAyoM kI hatyA nahIM karate the| yahA~ para hama 'bauddhadarzana aura anya bhAratIya darzana 22 se eka prasaGga uddhRta karate haiM - 'hama una pUrva RSiyoM ke prati Adara buddhi kA prakAzana kara deM jo ki eka atyanta sarala DhaMga se yajJa karate the aura jinake AcaraNa atyanta pavitra the| ye RSi sambhavataH saMhitA kAla ke hI ho sakate haiM, kyoMki isI yuga meM isa prakAra kA sarala yajJamaya vidhAna pracalita thaa| kucha-kucha ise hama brAhmaNa yuga kA bhI paricAyaka kaha sakate haiN| purAne RSi saMyamI aura tapasvI hote the, pA~ca kAmaguNoM ko chor3a ve apanA artha (jJAna, dhyAna), karate the| usa samaya brAhmaNoM ke pAsa na pazu the, na hiraNya, na anaaj| ve svaghyAyarUpI dhana-dhAnya vAle the| brahmanidhi kA pAlana karate the| nAnA raGga ke vastroM, zayana aura AvasathoM (atithi zAlAoM) se samRddha janapada-rASTra una brAhmaNoM ko namaskAra karate the| brAhmaNa abadhya, ajeya, dharma se rakSita the, kuladvAroM para unheM kabhI koI nahIM rokatA thaa| .............ve taNDula, zayana, vastra, ghI aura tela ko mAMgakara dharma ke sAtha nikAlakara yajJa karate the| yajJa-upasthiti hone para ve gAya ko nahIM mArate the brAhmaNatva kI mahimA kA kitanA sundara prakhyApana hai| sAtha hI vaidika yuga ke nirvyAja samAja aura pazu-hiMsA ke abhAva kA kitanA bar3A sAkSya bhii|| ___ 'pazu hiMsAmayI, nikRSTa tapasyA to buddha ko hI nahIM sabhI bhAratIya manISiyoM' ke lie ghRNA kI vastu hai, kintu yajJAdikoM ko naitika vyAkhyA pradAna karane kI thI jaisI ki upaniSadoM kI AdhyAtmika vyAkhyA pradAna karane kI thI 4 eka Adarza dravyayajJa kA varNana karate hue bhagavAn kahate haiM -'brAhmaNa'! isa yajJa meM gaue~ nahIM mArI gaI, bakare, bher3e, murge, sUara Adi nahIM mAre gae, na nAnA prakAra ke prANI mAre ge| na yUpa ke lie vRkSa kATe gye| jo bhI usake dAsa, preSya, karmakara the unhoMne bhI daNDa-tarjita, bhaya-tarjita ho, azrumukha rote hue sevA nahIM kii| jinhoMne cAhA unhoMne kiyA, jinhoMne nahIM cAhA unhoMne nahIM kiyaa| jo cAhA so kiyA, jo nahIM cAhA so nahIM kiyaa| ghI, tela, makkhana, dahI, madhu, gur3a se hI vaha yajJa samApta huA isa taraha hama dekhate haiM ki veda meM pazu-hiMsA maulika nahIM hai kintu bAda meM anArya mAMsa lobhI brAhmaNoM dvArA lAI gaI hai| yadi aisA na hotA to jo yAjaka yaha kahate haiM ki yajJa meM jisa pazu kA havana kiyA jAtA hai vaha svarga ko jAtA hai to ve svayaM ko kyoM nahIM havana kara dete jisa svarga kI prApti ke lie itanA drAviDa prANAyAma karate isI taraha jaina Agamagrantha uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM bhI Adarza brAhmaNa kA svarUpa batalAyA gayA hai use yahA~ prastuta karanA Avazyaka hai - jo agni kI taraha saMsAra meM (pAparahita hone se) pUjanIya hai tathA kuzaloM (zreSTha-mahApuruSoM) dvArA saMdiSTa hai use 198

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hama brAhmaNa kahate haiN| jo svajanoM meM Asaktirahita hai, prabrajyA lekara zoka nahIM karatA hai tathA AryavacanoM meM ramaNa karatA hai, use hama brAhmaNa kahate haiN| jo kAlimA Adi mailApana se rahita, svarNa kI taraha rAga, dveSa, bhaya aadi| doSoM se rahita hai use hama brAhmaNa kahate haiN| jo tapasvI, kRza, damitendriya, sadAcArI, nirvANa ke sammukha hai use hama brAhmaNa kahate haiN| jo mana, vacana, kAya se trasa evaM sthAvara prANiyoM kI hiMsA nahIM karatA hai| use hama brAhmaNa kahate haiN| jo krodha, hAsya, lobha athavA bhaya se mithyA vacana nahIM bolatA use hama brAhmaNa kahate haiN| jo sacitta athavA acitta vastu ko thor3I athavA adhika mAtrA meM binA die hue grahaNa nahIM karatA hai use hama brAhmaNa kahate haiN| jo mana, vacana, kAya se divya loka sambandhI, manuSyaloka sambandhI evaM tiryaJca sambandhI maithuna kA sevana nahIM karatA hai use hama brAhmaNa kahate haiN| jo jala meM utpanna hokara bhI jala se bhinna kamala kI taraha kAmabhogoM meM alipta haiM use hama brAhmaNa kahate haiN| jo lolupatA se rahita, kSudhAjIvI (bhikSAnnajIvI), anagAra, akiJcanavRttivAlA, gRhasthoM meM asaMsakta hai use hama brAhmaNa kahate haiN| jo pUrva saMyoga (mAtApitAdi), jJAtijanoM ke saMyoga tathA bandhujanoM ke saMyoga ko tyAgakara punaH bhogoM meM Asakta nahIM hotA use hama brAhmaNa kahate haiN| isa vivecana se jJAta hotA hai ki jo hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla aura parigraha ko tyAgakara ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura akiJcana bhAva ko dhAraNa karatA hai, rAga-dveSa se rahita hai, sadAcArI hai vahI brAhmaNa hai| kevala oMkAra kA jApa kara lene mAtra se koI brAhmaNa nahIM kahalAtA hai apitu brahmacarya ko jo dhAraNa kare vahI brAhmaNa hai| aisA brAhmaNa sabake dvArA pUjya, abadhya aura mukti ko prApta karane vAlA hotA hai| jo ina lakSaNoM se rahita hokara 'yajJa', 'yajJa' cillAyA karate haiM ve mUr3ha zuSka tapazcaryA karane aura veda ke asalI rahasya ko jAne binA sirpha adhyayana karane vAle rAkha se AvRtta aGgAra kI taraha haiM ataH jo veda-pazuvadha kA upadeza dete haiM ve saba veda aura pApakarma dvArA dI gaI yajJa kI AhutiyA~, duHzIla vedapAThI evaM yajJakartA kI rakSA nahIM karatI haiN| kyoMki karma balavAna haiM aura ve binA phala die dUra nahIM hote haiN| isa taraha hama dekhate haiM ki prAcIna kAla meM brAhmaNoM kA AcAra kitanA AdarzapUrNa aura ucca thaa| tathA ve jo yajJa karate the ve pazu-hiMsA se rahita aura nirdoSa sAmagrI se nirmita hote the aura zvetAmbara jaina sAdhu bhI usa yajJAnna ko lete the| parantu bAda meM yajJa pazu-hiMsA se dUSita ho gaye jisase mahApuruSoM ke dvArA nindanIya hue| smArta dravyayajJa - inameM hiMsA nahIM hotI hai apitu inakA sampAdana ghRta, dhAnya Adi se hotA hai| ina yajJoM meM yAjaka kI bhAvanA hiMsA karane kI nahIM rahatI hai phira bhI jo sthAvara jIvoM kI hiMsA isa yajJa ko vyavasthA meM hotI hai vaha nagaNya hai| ataH ina yajJoM kA virodha nahIM kiyA gyaa| jaina sampradAya meM bhI aise yajJa vartamAna haiM-jaise paJcakalyANaka, mandira-vedI-pratiSThA aadi| parantu inakA - vidhAna sirpha gRhasthoM ke lie hI kiyA gayA hai jisase spaSTa hai ki ye yajJa paramArthasAdhaka nahIM haiN| inakA uddezya sirpha dharma kA pracAra evaM prasAra hai| bhAvayajJa yahI sarvazreSTha yajJa hai bhAvoM kI pradhAnatA hone ke kAraNa ise bhAvayajJa kahate haiN| isa yajJa ke sampAdana meM bAhya kisI sAmagrI kI AvazyakatA nahIM par3atI hai| koI bhI isa yajJa ko kara sakatA hai| vibhinna granthoM meM isa yajJa ke vibhinna nAma haiM jo apanI sArthakatA lie hue haiN| jaise(1) yamayajJa4-mRtyu kA devatA mAnA jAtA hai| saMsAra meM aisA koI bhI prANI (devatA bhI) nahIM hai jo mRtyurUpa yama devatA ke dvArA asita na hotA ho| ata: jisa yajJa meM mRtyurUpI yama devatA kA havana kiyA jAtA hai aura jisase saMsAra kA AvAgamana chUTa jAtA hai use yamayajJa kahate haiN| (2) ahiMsAyajJa - isa yajJa meM ahiMsA kI pradhAnatA hone se ise ahiMsAyajJa kahate haiN| ahiMsA saba dharmoM kA mUla hai| kahA hai 'ahiMsA paramo dhrmH'| jainadharma meM jo pA~ca mahAvrata batAye haiM unameM ahiMsA mahAvrata hI pradhAna hai| isa ahiMsA kI rakSA ke lie hI anya satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha mahAvrata mAne gaye haiN| pA~coM mahAvratoM kA mahattva acintya hai| inake pAlana se brahma kI prApti hotI hai| isI prakAra bauddha granthoM meM kaI yajJoM ke nAma haiM jo jainoM ko bhI mAnya haiN| jaise(1) dAnayajJa- zIlavAna pravrajitoM ke lie nitya dAna denaa| 199

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(2) trizaraNayajJa- buddha, dharma aura saGgha kI zaraNa meM jaanaa| yahA~ trizaraNa se triratna samyagdarzanAdi krnaa| (3) zikSApadayajJa- yama-niyamoM kA grahaNa krnaa| (4) zIlayajJa- pA~ca zIlavratoM ko pAlana krnaa| (5) prajJAyajJa- ajJAna kA vinAza karake jJAnArjana krnaa| (6) samAdhiyajJa- dhyAna dvArA cittaikAgra karake cittavizuddhi krnaa| dIghanikAya ke kUTadanta sutta meM rAjAoM aura brAhmaNoM ke dvArA karane yogya yajJoM kA pratipAdana hai| eka kUTadanta brAhmaNa 700 gAyoM, itane hI bachar3oM evaM itane hI anyAnya pazuoM dvArA yajJa karanA cAhatA hai taba prasaGgavaza bhagavAn gautamabuddha ahiMsAmaya AdarzayajJa kA pratipAdana karate haiN| isI taraha kosala saMyukta nikAya meM kosala rAjA pasenAdi bhI 500 baila, 500 bachiyAM, 500 bakare, 500 meDhe Adi kI bali car3hAne ke lie yUpoM se ba~dhavAte haiM tathA rAjA ke sevaka daNDa ke bhaya se A~khoM meM A~sU bharakara yajJa kA kAma karate haiM taba bhagavAn isa prakAra ke yajJoM kA niSedha karate haiN| isa prakAra ke ahiMsA yajJoM kA sampAdana mahArAjA vijita aura azoka ne kiyA thaa| rAjA azoka kA ahiMsA cakra to lokavikhyAta hI hai| adhyAtmayajJa yA jJAnayajJa - adhyAtmapradhAna hone se ise adhyAtmayajJa kahate haiM aura jJAna kI pradhAnatA hone se jJAnayajJa kahate haiN| yajJa kI AdhyAtmika vyAkhyA karanA tathA usake dravyamaya svarUpa ko haTAkara 'jJAnamaya' rUpa dene kI pravRtti kA udaya brAhmaNa yuga meM hI ho gayA thaa| zatapatha brAhmaNoM meM hama yatra-tatra AdhyAtmika arthoM meM yajJa prakriyA kI vyAkhyA ko dekhate haiN| jaiseaiSA nu devatA dazapaurNamAsayoH sampat abaadhyaatmm| -yajJo vai zreSThatamaM karma, eSa vai mahAndevo yadyajJaH, yajJo vai vRhatvipazcit, yajJo vai brahma, saMvatsaro vai yajJaH, AtmA vai yajJaH, puruSo vai yajJaH aadi| AraNyakoM ne isa dizA meM gati pradAna kI aura vAnaprastha muniyoM ke lie isa adhyAtmayajJa kA pratipAdana karate hue ise sarvazreSTha yajJa khaa| dharma ke 10 prakAra batalAte hue AraNyaka meM kahA hai - satyaM tapazca saMtoSaH kSamA caaritrmaarjvm| zraddhA dhRtirahiMsA ca saMvarazca tathA prH|| artha - satya, tapa, saMtoSa, kSamA, cAritra, RjutA (Arjava), zraddhA, dhRti, ahiMsA tathA saMvara-ye 10 dharma ke prakAra haiN| isake bAda upaniSadoM meM to isa pravRtti kI gatizIlatA spaSTa aura sudRr3ha hI jAtI hai jo gItA meM paripUrNatA ko prApta kara letI hai| chAndogya upaniSad ke tRtIya adhyAya meM manuSya ko yajJa aura manuSya ke samasta kriyAkalApoM ko hI yajJa kI vibhinna avasthAoM kA rUpa diyA gayA hai| isI taraha anya bRhadAraNyaka, aitareyAraNyaka Adi upaniSadoM meM yajJa ko 'jJAna-yajJa' kA rUpa diyA gayA hai tathA jIvana kI samasta kriyAoM ko yajJarUpa batAyA hai| jaise - kauSItaki (25) meM agnihotra ko prANAyAma ke rUpa meM, chAndogya meM (4/11-14) tIna prakAra kI agniyoM ko AtmA ke rUpa meM parivartita kara diyA hai| taittirIya (25) meM jJAna ko yajJa aura karma donoM hI kahA hai (vijJAnaM yajJaM tanute karmANi tanute c)| aise aneka sthala upaniSadoM meM vartamAna haiN| jinameM yajJa ke dravyamaya bAhyasvarUpa ke sthAna para jJAnamaya AdhyAtmika yajJa ko pratiSThApanA kI hai| isa adhyAtma yajJa ko vaidika saMskRti kI pratIka gItA meM karma-yogarUpI zreSTha yajJa kahA hai| bhagavAna zrIkRSNa arjuna se kahate haiM (a0 3, zloka 10 se 13)-he arjuna ! maiM agnimukha meM AhutiyA~ arpaNa karane ko yajJa kI AtmA nahIM samajhatA, kintu parizramapUrvaka utpanna kie dhanadhAnyAdi tathA apanI sampUrNa zaktiyoM ko kisI viziSTa prANI ko uddiSTa karake hI nahIM varan saMsAra meM jo koI usake kSetra meM A jAya una sabake hitArtha bhaktipUrvaka arpaNa karane ko maiMne jIvana kA karmayogarUpI zreSThayajJa mAnA hai| isa prakAra karate hue jo kucha nirvAhArtha mila sake use hI Izvara kA anugraha samajhakara upayoga karane ko meM yajJa ko prasAdI kA upayoga karatA huuN| isase Atmazuddhi hotI hai| ata: yahI yajJa kI AtmA hai| isa taraha sabhI bhAratIya cintakoM ne vaidika karmakANDI yajJa kI vyAkhyA -adhyAtmaparaka kI hai| yahA~ para hama uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke 25 veM yajJIya adhyayana se eka prasaGga udbhata karanA cAhate haiM jisase yajJa sambandhI bahuta sI bAtoM kA spaSTIkaraNa ho jaavegaa| 200

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jayaghoSa nAmaka eka jaina muni jaba vihAra karate hue apane bhAI vijayaghoSa brAhmaNa ke yajJamaNDapa meM pahu~cate haiM to vahA~ para upasthita brAhmaNa yAjakoM se yajJAnna kI yAcanA karate haiN| yaha sunakara brAhmaNa loga kupita ho jAte haiM aura muni kI nindA karate hue kahate haiM ki isa yajJAnna ko sirpha vedavid, yajJakartA, jyotiSAGgavid, dharmazAstrajJAtA tathA svapara kA kalyANakartA brAhmaNa hI prApta kara sakatA hai| taba munirAja isake uttara meM kahate haiM ki Apa loga na to vedoM ke mukha ko jAnate ho, na yajJoM ke mukha ko, na nakSatroM ke mukha ko, na dharma mukha ko aura na svapara ke kalyANakartA ko| ata: na to Apa loga vedavid haiM, na yajJavid haiM, na jyotiSAGgavid hai, na dharmazAstra ke jJAtA haiM aura na svapara ke kalyANakartA haiN| isa bAta ko sunakara ve brAhmaNa munirAja se pUchate haiM ki kauna vedAdi ke mukha ko jAnatA hai aura vedAdi ke mukha kyA haiM ? yaha sunakara munirAja gambhIra artha se yukta bhASA meM vaidika aura jaina dRSTi se samanvita jo uttara dete haiM vaha nimna prakAra hai (1) vedoM kA mukha- agnihotra vedoM kA mukha hai (jisa veda meM sacce agnihotra kA pradhAnatA se varNana ho vahI veda vedoM kA mukha hai)| 'agnirmukhA vai vedAH' aisI zruti bhI hai| vedoM meM isI agni ko pradhAnatA hone se agni ke saMskAra ko hI yajJa kahA jAtA hai| vaidika, daivika aura bhautika agni meM vaidika agni 'yaju' kahalAtI hai| isa taraha vedAnusAra artha saGgata ho jAtA hai| parantu munirAja ko yahA~ para tapa rUpa agni abhipreta hai, jisa tapAgni se karmarUpI mahAvana dhvasta kiyA jA ske| kahA bhI hai karmendhanaM samAzritya dRddhsdbhaavnaahutiH| dharmadhyAnAgninA kAryA diikssitenaagnikaarikaa|| arthAt dharmadhyAnarUpI agni se karmarUpI indhana ko jalAnA caahie| isa taraha maiM vedoM kA mukha jAnane se vedavid hU~, ataH yajJAnna pAne kA adhikArI huuN| yaha prathama prazna kA uttara hai| (2) yajJoM kA mukha - yajJArthI (saMyamarUpI yajJa karane vAlA sAdhu) hai| jisa yajJa se karmoM kA kSaya ho vahI yajJoM kA mukha hai| athavA jo pApabandha meM kAraNa na ho vahI yajJoM kA mukha hai aura aisA yajJa hai bhAvayajJa yA ymyjny| hiMsA-pradhAna vaidika yajJa karmakSaya meM kAraNa nahIM haiM apitu karmabandha meM hI kAraNa hai| ataH bRhadAraNyaka upaniSad meM pUchA hai-'kimahaM tena kuryA yenAhaM nAmRtA syaam'| yahA~ para agnihotra yajJa meM jIvarUpI kuNDa, taparUpI vedikA, karmarUpI indhana, dhyAnarUpI agni, zubhopayogarUpI kalchulI, zarIrarUpI hotA (yajJakartA) tathA zuddhabhAvanArUpI Ahuti batalAI hai| jina zAstroM meM aise yajJoM kA vidhAna hai unheM veda kahate haiM aura jo aise yajJoM ko karatA hai vahI sarvottama yAjaka hai| isa uttara se muni ne apane ko yajJakartA batalAyA hai| (3) nakSatroM kA mukha- candramA nakSatroM kA mukha hai| jyotiSa zAstra kA viSaya nakSatra, candramaNDala Adi haiM ata: nakSatroM kA mukha aisA prazna kiyA gayA hai| aura tadanusAra candramA ko pradhAnatA ke kAraNa use nakSatroM kA mukha kahA gayA hai| ata: maiM jyotiSazAstra kA vettA bhI huuN| isa taraha yaha tRtIya prazna kA uttara hai| (4) dharmoM kA mukha- kAzyapa dharmoM kA mukha hai| dharmazAstra kA vettA vahI ho sakatA hai jo dharmoM ke mukha ko pahacAne / ata: aisA prazna sArthaka hai| yahA~ kAzyapa se tAtparya kAzyapagotrIya bhagavAn RSabhadevapraNIta dharma se hai| vedoM meM bhI bhagavAn RSabhadeva kI stuti bahuta sthAnoM para kI gaI hai| indrAdideva kAzyapa (bhagavAn RSabhadeva) kI stuti karate rahate haiN| (5) svapara kA kalyANakartA - jo Adarza brAhmaNa hai jisake svarUpa kA varNana hama pahale kara Aye haiM vaha hI sva aura para kA kalyANa karane meM samartha hai| arthAt jo ahiMsArUpa yamayajJa kA anuSThAna karatA hai vahI sva aura para kA kalyANakartA hai| pazuoM kI hiMsA karane vAlA yAjaka brAhmaNa, yA brAhmaNa kula meM janma lene mAtra se koI svapara kA kalyANa kartA nahIM ho sakatA hai - na vi muNDieNa samaNo na oMkAreNa bmbhnno| na muNI raNavAseNa kusacIreNa na taavso|| uttarAdhyayana 25/31 / / artha-zira muNDana se zramaNa, oMkAra jApa se brAhmaNa, araNyavAsa se muni aura kuzatRNa ke vastra dhAraNa karane se koI tapasvI nahIM kahalA sakatA hai| ye cihna to mAtra bAhya liGga ke paricAyaka haiN| bAhyaveSa ko hI antaraGga zaddhi kA kAraNa mAna baiThanA bhUla hai| bAhya pavitratA kI apekSA antaraGga pavitratA ko vidvAn loga uttama mAnate haiM kyoMki antaraGga zuddhi hI vAstavika zaddhi hai| zarIra kI bImArI kA nivAraNa Antarika kharAbI ke dUra karane se hI hotA hai| ataH prAta: 201

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aura sAyaMkAla jala kA sparza karanA, kuzayUpAdi kA sparza karanA Adi ye sabhI bAhyazuddhi ke sAdhana haiM, inheM Antarika zuddhi ke sAdhana mAnanA mUr3hatA hai| aba prazna uThatA hai ki yadi aisI sthiti hai to brAhmaNAdi ke Antarika zuddhi ke lakSaNa kyA haiM ? isake uttara meM munirAja ne kahA hai - samayAe samaNo hoi bambhacereNa bmbhnno| nANeNa u muNI hoi taveNa hoi taavso|| kammuNA bamhuNo hoi kammuNA hoi khttio| vaiso kammaNA hoi suddo hoI kmmunnaa|| ee pAukare buddhe je hi hoi sinnaayo| savvakammaviNimmukkaM taM vayaM vUma maahnnN|| evaM guNa-samAuttA je bhavanti diuttmaa| te samatthA u uddhattaM paramappANameva ca // artha -samabhAva se zramaNa, brahmacarya se brAhmaNa, manana (jJAna) se muni, tapa (icchAnirodha) se tapasvI hotA hai| karma se (AcAra se) brAhmaNa, karma se kSatriya, karma se vaizya aura karma se hI zUdra hotA hai| isa prakAra vistAra se saba bAteM bhagavAna ne batAI haiN| snAtaka bhI ukta guNoM vAlA hI ho sakatA hai tathA jo samasta koM se mukta hone ke lie prayatnazIla hai vaha brAhmaNa hai aura vahI uttama bAhmaNa sva aura para kA kalNANa karane meM samartha hai| kyoMki zIla-saMyama se ho pUjyatA AtI hai| ataH siddha hai ki dravyayajJa se bhAvayajJa, dravyaliGgI muni se bhAvaliGgI muni, dravyasaMyama se bhAvasaMyama, dravyazuddhi se bhAvazuddhi zreSTha hai| isa taraha pA~cave prazna kA uttara diyA gyaa| bhAvayajJa karane kA adhikArI - isa yajJa ko vahI kara sakatA hai jo hisAdi pApoM se saMvRta, zarIra meM mamattva aura kaSAyoM meM pravRtti se rahita hokara saMyata hai| isameM vaidika karmakANDI yajJa kI taraha jAti ko koI mahattva nahIM hai| isa yajJa ko brAhmaNa, kSatriya aura vaizya kI taraha zUdra bhI kara sakate haiN| jaise cANDAla kulotpanna harikezI muni jitendriya aura pradhAna guNoM se yukta hokara mokSa ko prApta karatA hai|" cita aura sambhUta ke jIva bhI pUrva janma meM cANDAla kulotpanna hokara isa yajJa ko karake kramaza: mokSa aura cakravartIpada ko prApta karate haiN| jisa taraha puruSa isa yajJa ko karane ke adhikArI haiM usI prakAra striyA~ bhI isa yajJa ko karake paramArtha (mokSa) ko prApta kara sakatI haiN| jaise rAjImatI ne prApta kiyaa| isa taraha isa yajJa ko sabhI jIva kara sakate haiM jo sadAcAra pAlana karane kA prayatna kre| yahA~ striyoM kI mukti paramparayA smjhnaa| bhAvayajJa ke upakaraNa evaM vidhi - aba hameM yaha dekhanA hai ki isa bhAvayajJa ko kaise karanA caahie| isake upakaraNa kauna-kauna haiN| isa viSaya meM uttarAdhyayana meM rUpakAzrita bahuta sundara varNana hai| jaise - vaidika dravyayajJa ke upakaraNa bhAvayajJa ke upakaraNa (1) agni (1) tapa ( jyotirUpa ) kyoMki , tapa meM agni kI taraha karmamalabhasma karane kI zakti hai| (2) agnikuNDa (jahA~ agni prajjvalita kI jAtI hai) (2) jIvAtmA (taparUpa agni kA sthAna ) (3) yuvA (jisase ghRta kI Ahuti dI jAtI hai) (3) mana, vacana, kAyarUpa yoga srota hai kyoMki zubhAzubha karmendhanoM kA Agamana inhIM ke dvArA hotA hai| (4) karISAGga (jisase agni prajjvalita kI jAtI hai| (4) zarIra kyoMki taparUpAgni isI se pradIpta hotI hai| jaise madhu, ghRta Adi) (5) samidhA (zamI, palAzAdi) (5) zubhAzubhakarma - kyoMki tapa rUpa agni meM lakar3I kI taraha bhasma ho jAte haiN| (6) zAnti pATha (kaSToM ko dUra karane ke lie) (6) saMyama vyApAra-kyoMki isase saba jIvoM ko zAnti milatI hai| 202

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(7) havana yA homa (jisase agni prasanna ho) (7) cAritrarUpa bhAva yajJAnuSThAna isase taparUpa agni ko prasanna karate haiN| (8) jalAzaya ( snAna ke lie ) (8) ahiMsA dharmarUpa jalAzaya (9) zAnti tIrtha (sopAna ) (9) brahmacarya aura zAnti (10) jala kaisA ho? (jisase karmaraja dUra ho) (10) kaluSa bhAvarahita prasanna lezyA vAlI aatmaa| arthAt uparokta guNarUpI tIrthajala meM snAna karane se karmaraja dUra ho jAtI hai) (11) nirmalatA (11) bAhya snAna kI taraha antaraGga AtmA nirmala aura tAjI ho jAtI hai| isa taraha isa bhAvayajJa ko karane vAlA yAjaka taparUpa agni ko jIvAtmArUpI agnikuNDa meM, zarIrarUpI karoSAGga se prajjvalita karake karmarUpI indhana (samidhA Adi) kA tIna yogarUpI sruvA (Ahuti dene kA pAtra) se havana kre| saMyama vyApArarUpI zAnti pATha ko par3he tathA zuklalezyA kI taraha nirmala AtmarUpI bala se yukta brahmacaryarUpI zAntitIrtha meM snAna kre| isa taraha adhyAtmayajJa karane vAlA jaba adhyAtma-jalAzaya meM snAna karatA hai taba vaha atyanta zItala aura nirmala hokara karmarajarUpI maloM ko dho detA hai| yaha snAna RSiyoM dvArA prazasta hai| jo isameM snAna karatA hai vaha uttamagati (mokSa) ko prApta karatA hai| nandamANava pucchA (suttanipAta) meM bhagavAna buddha aura nanda brAhmaNa kA saMvAda hai jisameM bhagavAna buddha ne batAyA hai ki jo koI zramaNa yA brAhmaNa yajJa aura zruta se zuddhi cAhate haiM ve janma-jarA se nivRtta nahIM hote haiM apitu tRSNA ke tyAga aura anAsrava se yukta manaSya saMsAra ke jarAmaraNa se tara jAte haiN| arthAt prajJA, zIla aura samAdhi kA jo yajJAnuSThAna karatA hai vaha saMsAra ke du:khoM se nivRtta ho jAtA hai| unhoMne sutta-nipAta meM kahA hai -he brAhmaNa ! lakar3I jalAne ko zuddha mata samajho kyoMki yaha sirpha bAhya upacAra hai| ise kuzala loga zuddhi nahIM mAnate hai| ataH terA yaha abhimAna khariyA kA bhAra (khAribhAra) hai, koSa dhUma hai, mithyA vacana bhasma hai, rasanA (jihvA)suvA hai, aura hRdaya jyoti hai| ata: he| bAhmaNa kuzaloM se prazaMsita, nirmala gharma ke tAlAba meM jisameM zIla tIrtha (ghATa) haiM, usameM nahAne se vedajJa binA bhIge hue pAra utara jAte haiN| isa parama sthAna kI prApti, satya, dharma, saMyama aura brahmacarya para nirbhara hai| ataH tU aisI havana kriyAoM ko namaskAra kara jise maiM (bhagavAna buddha) puruSadamya sArathI (puruSoM ko vinamra banAne meM sArathI rUpa) mAnatA hU~ / isI taraha mahaba vyAsa RSi ne bhI kahA hai-jJAnarUpI cAdara se Dhake hue, brahmacarya aura kSamArUpI jala se pUrNa, pAparUpI kIcar3a ko naSTa karane vAle atyanta nirmala tIrtha meM snAna karake jIvakuNDa meM, damarUpI pavana se uddIpita, dhyAnarUpI agni meM azubha karmarUpI kASTha kI Ahuti dekara uttama agnihotra yajJa ko kAma aura artha ko naSTa karane vAle zamarUpI mantroM se duSTakaSAyarUpI pazuoM kA yajJa kro| jo mUDha prANI mUka prANiyoM kA vadha karake dharma kI kAmanA karate haiM ve loga kAle sarpa kI khola meM amRta kI varSA cAhate haiN|| isa vivecana se spaSTa hai ki sabhI bhAratIya manISiyoM ne hiMsA-pradhAna yajJa kA prabala virodha karake ahiMsAmUlaka yajJoM kI pratiSThA kii| gRhasthoM ke lie - kucha ghRtAdi se sampanna hone vAle dravyayajJoM kA khaNDana na karate hue bhAvayajJoM yamayajJoM yA adhyAtmayajJoM ko sarvazreSTha yajJa btlaayaa| isa prakAra ke hI yajJa vastutaH parama tattva kI prApti meM sahAyaka haiN| isa prakAra ke yajJoM kI pUrNatA samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kI samaSTi meM yA prajJA, zIla aura samAdhi kI samaSTi meM yA bhaktiyoga, jJAnayoga aura karmayoga kI samaSTi meM hai ataH kahA hai-cAritra kI pUrNatA samyak jJAna ke binA sambhava nahIM haiM tathA jJAna guNa ko pUrNatA cAritra ke abhAva meM nahIM hai apitu donoM kI samaSTi hI pUrNatA hai| upaniSadoM meM jo 'jJAnayajJa' kI carcA hai so usameM cAritra bhI gatArtha hai kyoMki jise samyagjJAna ho jAvegA vaha kabhI mithyAcaraNa kara nahIM sakatA hai tathA pUrNajJAna kI prApti vinA cAritra A nahIM sktaahai| cUMki saMsAra kA mUlakAraNa ajJAna hai ata: usase nivRtti kA kAraNa bhI jJAna hai| isa dRSTi se vahA~ para 'jJAnayajJa' kI carcA hai| ataH bhAvoM ko nirmalatA jisameM pradhAna hai aisA ahiMsAtmaka- antaraGga zuddhi ko karane vAlA yajJa hI sarvazreSTha hai| use hama adhyAtmayajJa, yamayajJa, ahiMsAyajJa, bhAvayajJa, jJAnayajJa, dhyAnayajJa, zIlayajJa kucha bhI kaheM una sabakA tAtparya eka hI hai, antaraGgAtmA ko zuddhi aura vahI mukti hai| 203

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sandarbha sUcI1. jaittA viule janne, bhoittA smgnnmaahnne| dattA bhoccA ya jiTThA ya, tao gacchasi khttiyaa|| uttarAdhyayana 9/38 2. bauddhadarzana aura anya bhAratIya darzana, bharatasiMha upAdhyAya, pRSTha - 739 tathA zatapathabrAhmaNa 2/2/2/6, 2/4/3/14 3. vahI , , Rgveda 1/37/4,3/18/3 4. vahI zatapathabrAhmaNa 11/5/81 bRhadAraNyaka 2/4/10 evaM purusssuukt| 5. isa viSaya meM jaina aura bauddha AgamagranthoM ko dekhie| 6. uttarA. 25/7,8 evaM 12/11 7. auSadhayaH pazavo vRkSAstiryaJcaH pkssinnstthaa| yajJArthaM nidhanaM prAptAH prApnuvantyucchritaM punaH // zatapathabrAhmaNa // 8. yajJArthaM pazavaH sRSTAH / 9. vaidika saMskRti kA vikAsa, lakSmaNa zAstrI jozI, pR.42 10. bau0 darzana aura a0bhA0 darzana, bharatasiMha pR0 739 tathA Rgveda,1/37/43, 3/18/3 11. yajJAd bhavati parjanyo yajJaH karmasamudbhavaH, gItA 3-14 12. uttarA. 12/10 13. pramANavArtika 1/219-21,25. 14. suttanipAta (puNNamApucchA)5/3 15. vAjasaneyisaMhitA 3/50, zatapatha brAhmaNa 2/5/3/19 16. yajJAdi se hameM svarga kI prApti bhale hI ho jAve parantu usase paramArtha kI prApti nahIM hotI hai| dekhiye, chAndogya 1/1/10; bRhadAraNyaka 1/5/16; 6/2/16 prazna: 1/9; muNDaka-1/2/101 17. kaTha.1/17; 3/2, zvetAzvatara. 2/6-7 aadi| 18. bRhadAraNyaka 1/4/10, 3/9/6,21 19. chAndogya 1/12/4,5 20. dekhie, sAMkhyakArikA para gauddpaadbhaassy| 21. parva 41, zloka 41 se 105 22. le0 bharatasiMha upAdhyAya, dvitIya bhAga, pR0 738,742,743 23. suttanipAta (dhammiyasutta brAhmaNa) tathA angguttrnikaay-dronnsute|| 24. dekhie, bauddha dRSTikoNa ke lie dIghanikAya-kUTadaMtasutta tathA suttnipaat| 25. diighnikaay-kuuttvNtmutt| 26. aTThakathA, caMkisutta, buddhacaryA pR0 2241 27. uttarA0 25 vAM yajJIya adhyayana, gAthA 19 se 29 tk| 28. uttarA. 25/31,32 / nahAne se zuddhi nahIM hotI apitu jo satya, dharma, aura zuci se yukta haiM ve hI brAhmaNa hai| jaTilasutaM; udAna 19 tathA vo satyavratI, jitendriya, vedantagU aura brahmacArI haiM ve hI yajJopanIta hai| saMyuktanikAya 7/1/9 29. uttarA0 25/181 30. uttarA0 25/30 31. uttarA0 12 vAM evaM 25 vAM adhyayana 32. vahI0 12/34 33. uttarAdhyayana 12/42 34. vahI 25/1 204

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35. praznavyAkaraNa tathA uttarA0 12 evaM 25 vA~ adhyyn| 36. ahiMsA -yadA na kurute pApaM sarvabhUteSu daarunnm|| karmaNA manasA vAcA brahma sampadyate tdaa|| satya- yadA sarvAnRtaM tyaktaM mithyAbhASA vivrjitaa| anavadyaM ca bhASeta brahmasampadyate tdaa|| azvamedhasahasraM ca satyaM ca tulayA ghRtam / azvamedhasahasrAddhi satyameva viziSyate / / acaurya- paradravyaM yadA dRSTaM Akule hyathavA rhe|| dharmakAmo na gRhNAti brahma sampadyate tdaa|| brahmacarya- devamAnuSatiryakSu maithunaM vrjyedydaa| kAmarAgaviraktazca brahma sampadyate tdaa|| akiJcanabhAva-yadA sarva parityajya nissaGgo niSparigrahaH / nizcintazca cared dharma brahma sampadyate tdaa|| uttarAdhyayana-TIkA, AtmArAma, pR0 1121 se 1125 37. dIghanikAya, kUTadaMtasutta / 38. gItAmanthana- kizorIlAla, pR0 97 39. uttarA0 12/39; 25/30, 40. AraNyaka meM-"RSabha eva bhagavAn brahmA tena bhagavatA brahmaNA svayameva cIrNAni praNItAni braahmnnaani| brahmANDa purANa meM bhI likhA hai-'iha hi icchavAkuvaMzodbhaven / nAbhisutena marudevyA nandanena mahAdevena RSabheNa dazaprakAro dharmaH svayameva cIrNaH kevalajJAnalambhAcca maharSiNo ye parameSThino vItarAgaH snAtakA nirgranthA naiSThikA teSAM pravRrtiH khyAtaH praNItazca tretaayaamaadau'| 41. vahI 25/17 42. bAhyaliGga ke tIna prayojana haiM - (1) saMyamanirvAha, (2) jJAnAdigrahaNa aura (3) loka meM pratIti karAnA ki yaha amuka hai| uttarA0 23/32 43. uttarA0 12/38,39; 20/43 se 50; 22/46 44. vahI 25/32 se 35 45. uttarA0 adhyayana, 23 46. uttarA0 12/42 47. vahI 12/1 48. vahIM adhyayana 13 vaaN| 49. vahI adhyayana 22 vaaN| 50. uttarA0 12/42 se 45 51. uttarA0 12/46 52. vahI0 12/47 53. syAdvAdamaJjarI-hindI TIkA, pR0 131 54. caraNakaraNappahANA ssmyprsmymukkvaavaaraa| caraNakaraNassasAraM NicchayasuddhaM Na mANaMti / / sanmatitarka 3/67 205

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pArzvanAtha ke siddhAnta : digambara aura zvetAmbara dRSTi [digambaroM aura zvetAmbaroM ke kina granthoM meM bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke sambandha meM jAnakArI milatI hai, isakA kathana karate hue bhagavAn mahAvIra aura pArzvanAtha ke siddhAntoM kI ekarUpatA batalAI gaI hai| pArzvapatyoM kA siddhAnta pArzvanAtha kA siddhAnta nahIM hai|] tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha ke jIvana tathA unake siddhAntoM ke sambandha meM digambara evaM zvetAmbara donoM paramparAoM meM prAcIna ullekha bahuta kama milate haiN| jaina AgamoM evaM purANoM ke anusAra jainadharma ke teIsaveM tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha kA janma vArANasI ke rAjA azvasena kI rAnI varmalA (vAmA) devI kI kukSi se huA thaa| inhoMne tIsa varSa kI Ayu meM hI gRhatyAga karake sammeda zikhara para tapasyA kI aura kevalajJAna prApta kiyaa| kevalajJAna prApta karake sattara varSa taka zramaNa dharma kA upadeza diyaa| pazcAt I. pUrva 777 (caubIsaveM tIrthaGkara mahAvIra-nirvANa I. pUrva 527 se 250 varSa pUrva) meM nirvANa prApta kiyaa| inakI aitihAsikatA nirvivAda rUpa se svIkAra kI jAtI hai| inake vivAha ke sambandha meM zvetAmbaroM kI mAnyatA hai ki inakA vivAha huA jabaki digambaroM kI spaSTa dhAraNA hai ki tIrthaGkara vAsupUjya, mallinAtha, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra ne kumArAvasthA (avivAhitAvasthA) meM hI dIkSA lI thii| inake kulAdi ke sambandha meM digambara inheM ugravaMzIya (uraga yA nAgavaMzIya) tathA zvetAmbara ikSvAkuvaMzIya svIkAra karate haiN| digambaroM ke tiloyapaNNatti meM tathA zvetAmbaroM ke Avazyakaniyukti meM inheM kAzyapagotrIya kahA gayA hai|' AdhAra-grantha- pArzvanAtha kI dArzanika evaM AcAra-sambandhI mAnyatAoM kA pratipAdaka koI svatantra grantha upalabdha nahIM hai| prAcIna zvetAmbara mAnya Agama-granthoM meM unake jIvana ke sambandha meM tathA unake AcAra evaM dArzanika siddhAntoM ke jo ullekha milate haiM ve alpa hI haiM, tathApi unake AdhAra para paravartI kAla meM vizeSakara I. san 8vIM zatAbdI ke bAda prAkRta, saMskRta evaM apabhraMza bhASA meM race gaye caritakAvya granthoM meM pArzvanAtha ke sambandha meM vistRta jAnakArI dI gayI hai| pArzvanAtha se sambandhita granthoM kA vibhAjana nimna dRSTi se kiyA jA sakatA hai(ka) digambara grantha- isake antargata mUlAcAra, tiloyapaNNatti evaM bhagavatI-ArAdhanA ye tIna prAcIna pramukha grantha haiN| paravartI guNabhadra-racita uttarapurANa bhI pArzvanAtha-viSayaka mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| caritakAvyoM meM nimna gyAraha kAvyoM kA pramukha rUpa se parigaNana kiyA jA sakatA hai - 1. pArvAbhyudayaH (jinasenakRta, I0 783), 2, pArzvanAthacaritam (vAdirAjasUrikRta, I0 1019), 3. pAsanAhacariu (devadattakRta, I0 san 10vIM zatAbdI uttarArddha, anupalabdha), 4, pAsanAhacariu (padmakIrtikRta, I0 1077), 5, pAsanAhacariu (vibudhazrIdharakRta, I0 1132), 6. pAsanAhacariu (devacandrakRta, I0 12vIM zatAbdI),7. pArzvanAthapurANa (sakalakIrtikRta, I0 14vIM zatAbdI pUrvArddha), 8. pAsanAhacariu (raidhUkRta, I0 1400), 9. pAsanAhacariu (asapAlakRta, I0 1482), 10, pArzvapurANa (vAdicandrakRta, I0 1683) aura 11. pArzvapurANa (candrakIrtikRta, I0 1597-1624) / (kha) zvetAmbara grantha - isake antargata uttarAdhyayanasUtra, sUtrakRtAGga, samavAyAGga, sthAnAGga, bhagavatIsUtra, jJAtAdharmakathA, kalpasUtra, Avazyakaniyukti, rAjapraznIya aura RSibhASita ye dasa prAcIna pramukha grantha haiN| zIlAGka (lagabhaga navIM zatAbdI) ke caupannamahApurisacariyaM tathA hemacandrAcArya ke triSaSTizalAkApuruSacaritra meM bhI pArzvanAtha kA jIvanavRtta milatA hai| caritakAvyoM meM nimna nava kAvyoM kA pramukha rUpa se parigaNana kiyA jA sakatA hai- 1. siripAsanAhacariyaM (devabhadrakRta, I0 1111), 2. pArzvanAthacaritra (mANikacandrasUrikRta, I0 1219), 3. pArzvanAthacaritra (vinayacandrakRta, I0 1229-1288), 4. pArzvanAthacaritra (sarvAnandasUrikRta, I0 1234), 5. pArzvanAthacaritra (bhAvadevasRrikRta, I0 1355), 6. pAsapurANa (tejapAlakRta, I0 1458), 7. pAsanAhakAvya (padmasundaragaNikRta, I0 16vIM zatAbdI), 8. pArzvanAthacaritra (hemavijayakRta, I0 1575), tathA 9. pArzvanAthacarita (udayavIragaNikRta, I0 1597) / ubhaya paramparAoM ke prAcIna granthoM meM mAtra sUcanAe~ milatI haiN| tiloyapaNNatti tathA Avazyakaniyukti meM apekSAkRta kucha adhika jAnakArI prApta hotI hai| 8vIM zatAbdI ke bAda likhe gaye carita kAvyagranthoM se hI hameM vastutaH 206

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vistRta jAnakArI prApta hotI hai| paravartI caritakAvyoM ke AdhAragrantha yadyapi prAcIna grantha hI haiM, tathApi unase jo atirikta jAnakArI prApta hotI hai usakA mUlasrota kyA hai, spaSTa nahIM hai| ata: isa Alekha meM kevala prAcIna ullekhoM ko hI AdhAra mAnakara vivecanA kI gayI hai| vivecanA se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki deza, kAla Adi kI paristhitiyoM tathA manuSyoM kI manovRttiyoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra ke siddhAntoM meM jo yatkiJcit bAhyabheda dRSTigocara hotA hai vaha nagaNya hai, kyoMki unakA mUla kendrabindu eka hI hai| pArzvanAtha ke AcAra evaM siddhAntoM kI tIrthaGkara mahAvIra ke sAtha tulanA karane ke pUrva yaha Avazyaka hai ki prAcIna granthoM meM ullikhita sandarbho ko samajha liyA jaaye| isa sandarbha meM ubhaya paramparAoM meM jo sandarbha prApta hote haiM, ve nimna prakAra haiM - 1. uttarAdhyayanasUtra'- isameM pArzva-paramparAnuyAyI kezI muni tathA mahAvIra-paramparAnuyAyI gautama gaNadhara ke madhya eka saMvAda AyA hai jisameM bAhya rUpa se dRzyamAn mUlabhUta do antaroM kA gautama dvArA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai jisase santuSTa hokara kezI muni apane 500 anuyAyiyoM ke sAtha mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita paJcayAma dharma ko svIkAra kara lete haiN| yahA~ gautama gaNadhara batalAte haiM ki samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kA pAlana karanA hI dharma hai| anya niyamopaniyama isI ke liye haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne dezakAla kI paristhitiyoM kA vicAra karake cAturyAmadharma ko paJcayAmadharma (paJca mahAvrata) meM aura saceladharma ko aceladharma meM parivartita kiyA hai| kAraNa spaSTa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki prathama tIrthaGkara AdinAtha ke samaya manuSya Rju-jar3a (sarala parantu mandabuddhi) the, dvitIya tIrthaGkara se teIsaveM tIrthaGkara ke kAla meM RjuprAjJa (sarala evaM buddhimAn) the, parantu caubIsaveM tIrthaGkara mahAvIra ke kAla meM vakrajar3a (kuTila tathA mandabuddhi) ho gaye, jisase pArzva ke cAturyAma ko paJcayAma meM aura sacela (savastra) ko acela meM saMzodhita karanA pdd'aa| yaha dharma kA mAtra bAhya rUpa thA, kyoMki aparigraha meM brahmacarya (strI-parigrahatyAga) bhI gatArtha thaa| 2. sUtrakRtAGga - isameM 'udaka peDhAlaputra' nAmaka pApitya tathA mahAvIra ke pradhAna ziSya gautama gaNadhara ke madhya vArtA hotI hai, jisameM peDhAlaputra gautama gaNadhara se prazna karate haiM ki mahAvIra kI paramparA meM zramaNopAsakoM se kaSTakara pratyAkhyAna kyoM karAyA jAtA hai? pratyAkhyAna kA rUpa haiM 'rAjAjJAdi ke kAraNa kisI gRhastha yA cora ko bA~dhane-chor3ane ke atirikta maiM kisI trasa jIva kI hiMsA nahIM kruuNgaa|' yahA~ peDhAlaputra ko zaGkA hai ki trasa jIva kI hiMsA ke tyAga kA tAtparya kyA hai? usa paryAyavAle jIvoM kI hiMsA kA pratyAkhyAna athavA trasa rUpa bhUta-bhAvi-paryAyavAle sthAvara jIvoM kI hiMsA kA pratyAkhyAna / gautama gaNadhara yahA~ samAdhAna karate haiM ki vartamAna trasa paryAyavAle prANiyoM kI hiMsA kA pratyAkhyAna hI yahA~ abhISTa hai| isa taraha tIrthaGkara pArzva ke sAtha tIrthaGkara mahAvIra kA koI saiddhAntika matabheda nahIM hai| isake atirikta isameM mahAvIra ke dharma ko paJcamahAvrata tathA sapratikramaNa dharma kahA hai| 3. bhagavatIsUtra- isameM tIna prasaGga haiM - (ka) pArthApatya gAGgeya anagAra aura tIrthaGkara mahAvIra ke madhya praznottara hotA hai, jahA~ mahAvIra pArzva kI taraha 'sat' ko utpatti-vinAzavAlA bhI siddha karate haiN| zubhAzubha karmAnusAra cAroM gatiyoM meM jIva kA paribhramaNa batalAte haiN| isameM koI preraka Izvara tattva nahIM hai| gAGgeya mahAvIra ke samAdhAna se santuSTa ho jAtA hai| (kha) pArthApatya kAlAzyavaizika-putra kI bhagavAn mahAvIra ke kucha sthavira zramaNoM se mukhyarUpa se sAmAyika, pratyAkhyAna, saMyama, saMvara, viveka aura vyutsarga ke svarUpa para carcA hotI hai| pazcAt pArthApatya kAlAzyavaizikaputra ne mahAvIra ke saGgha meM praviSTa hokara pA~ca mahAvrata aura sapratikramaNa rUpa dharma ko svIkAra kiyaa| isake sAtha hI usane municaryA-sambandhI nimna bAtoM ko bhI svIkAra kiyA-nagnatA, muNDitatA, asnAna, adantadhAvana, chAtA nahIM rakhanA, jUte nahIM pahananA, bhUmizayana karanA, phalaka yA kASThazayana karanA, kezaloca karanA, brahmacarya kA pAlana karanA, bhikSA, paragRhapraveza karanA (bhikSArtha zrAvakoM ke ghara jAnA, nimantraNa svIkAra na krnaa)| labdha-alabdha, U~ca-nIca, grAmakaNTaka (indriya-bhogoM kI vAsanA) Adi bAIsa pariSahoM ko sahana krnaa|" chedasUtroM meM muni-AcAra ke prasaGga meM chAtA, jUte, kSuramuNDana ke ullekhoM ko dekhakara DaoN0 sAgaramala jI ne yaha niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki pArzva kI paramparA meM ye saba bAteM pracalita thIM, jinheM mahAvIra ne dUra kiyA thaa| (ga) saMyama aura tapa ke phala ke sambandha meM mahAvIra ke zramaNa prazna karate haiM aura pArzvapatya saMyama kA phala anAsrava tathA tapa kA phala nirjarA batalAte haiN| yahIM para eka anya prazna ke uttara meM pArthApatya vibhinna matavAdoM ke dvArA uttara dete haiN| jaise- prazna-jIva devaloka meM kisa kAraNa se utpanna hote haiM? uttara- kAlIyayugAnusAra prAthamika tapa se, mohila sthavira 207

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ke anusAra prAthamika saMyama se, AnandarakSita ke anusAra kArmikatA se (sarAga saMyama aura tapa se) tathA kAzyapa sthavira ke anusAra sAMgikatA (Asakti) se devaloka meM jIva utpanna hote haiN| vyAkhyAprajJapti (bhagavatI) meM mahAvIra ke dharma ko sapratikramaNa vAlA dharma kahA gayA hai| 4. Avazyakaniyukti14- isameM mahAvIra ke dharma ko sapratikramaNavAlA tathA chedopasthApanA cAritravAlA batalAyA gayA hai| 5. bRhatkalpasUtrabhASya'5- isameM dasa prakAra ke kalpoM kI carcA karate hue kahA hai ki mahAvIra ne dasa kalpoM kI vyavasthA dI thii| dasa kalpa haiM- 1. acelatA, 2. ucchiSTatyAga, 3. zayyAtara (AvAsa dAtA), 4. piNDatyAga, 5. kRtikarma, 6. mahAvrata (caturyAma yA paJcayAma),7. puruSajyeSThatA, 8. pratikramaNa, 9. mAsakalpa aura 10. varSAvAsa (pryussnnaa)| inameM se cAra (3, 5, 6, 7) kalpa avasthita haiM aura zeSa cha- anavasthita (arthAt sabhI tIrthaGkaroM ke kAla meM nahIM hote haiN)| pArzva ke samaya cAra kalpoM kI vyavasthA thI, jabaki mahAvIra ke samaya sabhI 10 kalpoM kI anivAryatA kI gyii| isake atirikta prathama aura antima tIrthaGkaroM ke dharma ko aceladharma (tIrthaGkara asantacela tathA anya santAcela) tathA madhyavartI tIrthaGkaroM ke dharma ko acela athavA sacela donoM kahA hai| 6. rAjapraznIya"- isameM pArthApatyIya kezImuni dvArA zvetAmbikA ke rAjA pradezI ko upadeza dene kA ullekha hai| 7. RSabhASita' - DaoN0 sAgaramala jaina kA kathana hai ki RSibhASita meM pArzva ke upadezoM ke prAcInatama sandarbha milate haiN| isa grantha meM pArzva ke jina upadezoM kA ullekha hai, ve haiM- cAturyAma, acittabhojana, mokSa, loka, jIva-pudgala kI gati, karma, karma-phala-vipAka tathA karmaphalavipAka se prApta vividha gatiyoM meM sngkrmnn| jIva svabhAvataH UrdhvagAmI aura pudgala adhogAmI haiN| jIva karmapradhAna haiM aura pudgala pariNAmapradhAna / jIva meM gati karmaphalavipAka ke kAraNa hotI hai aura pudgala meM gati pariNAmavipAka (svAbhAvika parivartana) ke kaarnn| jIva sukha-duHkha rUpa vedanA kA anubhava karatA hai| prANAtipAta-viramaNa, kaSAyaviramaNa tathA mithyAdarzana rUpa zalya-viramaNa se hI jIva ko zAzvata sukha (mokSa) prApta ho sakatA hai| mukta hone ke bAda puna: saMsAra meM paribhramaNa nahIM hotA hai| isI grantha meM pAThabheda (gativyAkaraNa) ke anusAra nimna dharmoM kA ullekha milatA hai-- cAturyAma dharma, ATha prakAra kA karma, karmavipAka se narakAdi gatiyoM meM gamana, prANAtipAta se parigrahaparyanta pApakarmoM kI gaNanA, pApakarmoM vAlA vyakti kabhI bhI na to duHkhoM se mukta ho sakatA hai aura na mokSa prApta kara sakatA hai, karmadvAra ko rokane se tathA cAturyAma dharma kA pAlana karane se zAzvata sukha prApta hotA hai, jIva svakRta karmaphaloM kA bhoktA hai, parakRta karmaphaloM kA bhoktA nahIM hai, jIva UrdhvagAmI aura pudgala adhogAmI svabhAva vAlA hai, pApakarmoM se yukta jIva apane pariNAmoM (manobhAvoM) se gati karatA hai aura vaha pudgala kI gati meM bhI kAraNa hotA hai| jIva aura pudgala donoM hI gatizIla haiN| gati do prakAra kI haiprayogagati (para-prerita) aura visrasAgati (svtH)| isa taraha RSibhASita meM bhagavAn pArzva ke jina siddhAntoM ko batalAyA gayA hai, unameM se cAturyAma ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI siddhAnta mahAvIra ke dharma meM bhI mAnya haiN| 8. mUlAcAra- digambarAcArya vaTTakerakRta mUlAcAra meM AyA hai ki mahAvIra ke pUrva ke tIrthaGkaroM ne sAmAyika saMyama kA upadeza diyA thA tathA aparAdha hone para hI pratikramaNa ko Avazyaka batalAyA thA; parantu mahAvIra ne sAmAyika saMyama (dharma) ke sAtha chedopasthApanA saMyama kI vyavasthA dI aura pratidina (aparAdha ho cAhe na ho) pratikramaNa karane kA vidhAna kiyaa| isa saMzodhana kA kAraNa mUlAcAra meM uttarAdhyayanasUtra kI taraha hI batalAyA gayA hai ki prathama tIrthaGkara RSabhadeva ke kAla ke manuSya durvizodhya the arthAt sarala tathA jar3a hone ke kAraNa ye bAra-bAra samajhAne para bhI ThIka taraha se nahIM samajha pAte the| dvitIya se lekara teIsaveM tIrthaGkara ke kAla ke manuSya suvizodhya (dRr3habuddhi prekSApUrvacArI) the arthAt sarala aura prajJAvAle the jisase unheM samajhAnA kaThina nahIM thA, parantu mahAvIra ke kAla ke manuSya duranupAlya the arthAt jar3a the tathA vakrabuddhi vAle the jisase unheM samajhAnA kaThina thaa| isa taraha yahA~ tIrthaGkarakAlIna manuSyoM ke svabhAva kA to citraNa hai, parantu cAturyAma-paJcayAma kA tathA sacela-acela dharma kI carcA nahIM hai| 9. tiloyapaNNatti1- isake caturtha mahAdhikAra meM pArzva ke jIvanavRtta-sambandhI sUcanAe~ milatI haiN| yahA~ pArzvanAtha ko uragavaMzI (nAgavaMzI) tathA kumArakAla (avivAhitAvasthA) meM dIkSA lene vAlA batalAyA hai| 10, tattvArthavArtika 22- digambarAcArya akalaGkadeva ne apane tattvArthavArtika meM nirdeza Adi kA vidhAna karate hue cAritra ke cAra bheda bhI batalAe haiM- 'yamoM ke bheda se cAritra ke cAra bheda haiN| SaTkhaNDAgama meM bhI 'paJcajama' kA 208

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prayoga isI artha meM AyA hai| samIkSA isa taraha ubhaya jaina-paramparAoM meM pArzva athavA pArthApatyoM ke sambandha meM jo ullekha milate haiM unameM nimna bindu vicAraNIya haiM - (1) pArzva ke cAturyAma dharma kA paJcayAma dharma meM privrtn| (2) pArzva ke saceladharma kA aceladharma meM privrtn| (3) pratikramaNa kI anivAryatA jo pArzva ke samaya meM aparAdha hone para hI karaNIya thii| (4) pArzva ke sAmAyika cAritra meM chedopasthApanIya cAritra kA smaavesh| (5) auddezika tathA rAjapiNDa bhikSAnna ke grahaNa kA nissedh| (6) mAsakalpa (eka mAsa se adhika eka sthAna para na ThaharanA) tathA paryuSaNA (ASAr3ha pUrNimA se kArtika pUrNimA taka varSAvAsa meM eka sthAna para cAra mAsa taka rahane kA vidhAna) kI vyvsthaa| (7) asnAna, adantadhAvana, kezaloMca Adi kA vidhaan| (8) pArzva ke vivAha evaM kula-sambandhI mtbhed| (9) pApitya aura pAsattha zabda kyA pArzvanAtha ke lie hI prayukta haiM? (10) prathama tIrthaGkara se lekara caubIsaveM tIrthaGkara ke kAla kI paristhitiyoM ke anusAra dhArmika niyamoM meM sNshodhn|| kucha vyAkhyAgata matabheda hote hue bhI ina vicAraNIya binduoM meM prathama, dvitIya, tRtIya, caturtha, paJcama, SaSTha aura dazama meM donoM paramparAe~ prAyaH ekamata haiN| sacela aura acela kI vyAkhyA ko lekara ubhaya-paramparAoM meM matabheda hai| paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI ne apane grantha 'jainasAhitya kA itihAsa ( pUrvapIThikA)' meM isa viSaya para vistAra se cintana kiyA hai| vastutaH 'acela' kA artha 'nagnatva' hai isameM zvetAmbaroM kA bhI matabheda nahIM hai, kyoMki jinakalpa kI dRSTi se nagnatva unheM svIkArya hai| vahA~ adantadhAvana, nagnatva, kezaloca Adi bhI kaheM haiN| vastutaH bhagavatI aura bRhatkalpabhASya mAnyatA ke samarthaka haiN| jainAcAra ke anusAra jaba koI muni dIkSA lekara sAdhu (nirgrantha) banatA hai to vaha samasta pApa-kAryoM kA parityAga karatA hai jise sAmAyika cAritra yA sAmAyika yama svIkAra karanA kahate haiN| isa eka yama rUpa vrata ko jaba bheda karake cAra yA pA~ca yama rUpa se svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai to use 'cAturyAma' yA 'paJcayAma' kahA jAtA hai| chedopasthApanA ko jor3akara mahAvIra ne ise 'paJcayAma' rUpa banAyA; aisI digambara mAnyatA sambhAvita hai| yaha tarkasaGgata nahIM lagatA hai| ahiMsAdi mahAvratoM meM brahmacarya ko jor3akara use paJcayAmarUpa banAyA, aisI zvetAmbara mAnyatA hai| vastutaH donoM meM siddhAntataH koI bheda nahIM hai, kyoMki donoM paramparAe~ ahiMsAdi pA~ca mahAvratoM (yamoM) aura sAmAyika Adi pA~coM AcAroM (yamoM) ko Avazyaka mAnate haiN| sambhavataH chedopasthApanA cAritra ko jor3ane ke kAraNa hI pratidina pratikramaNa kA vidhAna mAnya huA hogaa| sthAnAGgasUtra meM batalAyA hai ki ziSyoM kI apekSA se madhya ke bAIsa tIrthaGkara tathA videhastha tIrthaGkara 'cAturyAma' dharma kA tathA prathama aura antima tIrthaGkara 'paJcayAma dharma kA upadeza karate the| vAstava meM to sabhI paJcayAma dharma kA hI upadeza karate haiN| yahA~ paJcayAma kA tAtparya pA~ca mahAvratoM se hai, parantu isase tathA anya ubhaya paramparAgata vivecanoM se spaSTa hai ki pArzva aura mahAvIra ke upadezoM meM paramArthata-matabheda nahIM hai; ziSya-buddhi kI apekSA saMkSipta athavA vistRta kathanamAtra hai| isIlie AcArAGga meM sAdhu ko sacetana athavA acetana, sUkSma yA sthUla alpamAtra bhI parigraha na rakhane kA vidhAna hai anyathA vaha parigrahI kahalAyegA / isa taraha ubhaya-paramparAoM ke granthoM ke Alocana se spaSTa hai ki pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra ke siddhAntoM meM AdhyAtmika yA nizcaya dRSTi se koI bheda nahIM thA; kintu ziSya-yogyatA ke AdhAra se upadeza meM bheda hai, parantu pUrNa aparigrahI (vItarAgatA) honA donoM kA lakSya hai| jitane bhI pArthApatyoM athavA pAsatthoM ke ullekha haiM ve sabhI pArzva-paramparA ke samyak anuyAyI the, aisA nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| anyathA hama pArzvanAtha ke siddhAntoM ko sahI nahIM samajha skeNge| sandarbha-sUcI 1. hayaseNavammilAhiM jAdo hi vANArasIe paasjinno| tiloyapaNNatti, 4.548. mAtA-pitA ke nAmAdi ke sandarbha meM zvetAmbara-digambara-paramparA meM kucha antara milatA hai| dekheM- samavAyAGgasUtra, 220-221; kalpasUtra 209

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149; Avazyakaniyukti 388; uttarapurANa 43; pAsaNAhacariu (vAdirAjakRta) 9.95.5. 2. NemI mallI vIro kumArakAlammi vAsupujjo ya pAso vi gahidatavA sesajiNA rjjcrmmmi|| tiloyapaNNatti, 4.670. vIraM ariTThanemi, pAsaM malliM ca vAsupujjaM ca / ee muttUNa jiNe avasesA Asi raayaanno|| rAyakulesu'vi jAyA visuddhavasesu khattiakulesu na ya itthiAbhiseA kumAravAsami pvviaa|| Avazyakaniyukti, 221-222. anyatra dekheM-- paumacariyaM 22; padmapurANa, 20.67; harivaMza 60.214. 3. NAhoggavaMsesu vi viirpaasaa| tiloyapaNNatti, 4.550, ikkhaguvaMsa saMbhUya bhUvai bhAla-tilaya bhUo AsaseNo nAma naravaI / siripAsanAhacariyaM / pra0 3, pR0 134; triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita, 9.3, pR0 34. 4. vArANasyAmabhUt vizvasenaH kAzyapagotrajaH / uttarapurANa, 73-75. muNisuvvao a arihA ariTThanemI a goymsguttaa| sesA titthayarA khalu kAsavaguttA munneyvvaa| Avazyakaniyukti, 381. 5. tiloyapaNNatti (caturtha mahAdhikAra) 4.550, 548; bhagavatI ArAdhanA 1944 TIkA; mUlAcAra 7.36-38, 129-133; uttarapurANa, 73 75,92. 6. uttarAdhyayana 23vAM adhyayana, kalpasUtra 148-156; RSibhASita adhyayana 31; sUtrakRtAGga 2.7.81; 1.6.28; samavAyAGga 9.4, 8.8, 16.4, 38.1, 100.4, sthAnAGgasUtra 35, bhagavatIsUtra 10.9, 2.5; jJAtAdharmakathA, Avazyakaniyukti 236, 1241-1243; rAjapraznIyasUtra, 167 190. 7. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, adhyayana 23 8. sUtrakRtAGga, sUtra 2.7.71-81. 9. sUtrakRtAGga, sUtra 2.7.81 10. bhagavatIsUtra, 9.32.379, 10.9.76. 11. bhagavatIsUtra, 1.9.432-433. 12. dekheM, arhat pArzva aura unakI paramparA, pR0 36. 13. bhagavatIsUtra, 1.9.23. 14. Avazyakaniyukti, 1241-1243. 15. bRhatkalpasUtrabhASya, uddeza 6, bhASyagAthA 6359-6364. 16. vahI, bhASyagAthA 6365-6369. 17. rAjapraznIyasUtra, 167-190. 18. RSibhASita, adhyayana 31. 19. dekheM, arhat pArzva aura unakI paramparA, pR0 22. 20. mUlAcAra, 7.36-38, 129-133. 21. tiloyapaNNatti (caturtha mahAdhikAra), 4.448-550. 22. caturdhA caturyamabhedAt / tattvArthavArtika, 1.7 23. saGgahiya sayala-saMjamameya-jamamaNuttaraM durvgmm| jIvo samuvvahaMto sAmAiya-saMjamo hoii| chettUNa ya pariyAyaM porANaM jo Thavei appaannN| paJcajame dhamme so chedovaTThAvao jiivo|| SaTkhaNDAgama, khaNDa 1, bhAga 1, pR0 372. 24. jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, pUrvapIThikA, pR0 395-399; 409-425. 25. sthAnAGgasUtra, 266. 26. AcArAGgasUtra, 150-152. 210

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sabhI virodhoM kA samAdhAna : anekAntavAda evaM syAdvAda darzanazAstra, samAjazAstra, rAjanItizAstra, adhyAtmazAstra Adi sabhI kSetroM meM pAe jAne vAle virodhoM kA samAdhAna samyak anekAntavAda yA syAdvAda yA sApekSavAda ke dvArA hI sambhava hai| kyoMki jJAna ananta hai aura hamAre jJAna kI maryAdAe~ haiN| ekAntavAda kI dRSTi se vastu ke sampUrNa aMzoM ko nahIM jAnA jA sakatA hai| syAdvAda yA apekSAvAda (dRSTi vizeSa) ke dvArA hama vastu ke samagra rUpa ko jAna sakate haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke dArzanika siddhAntoM ke mUla meM unakA anekAntavAda kA siddhAnta hai| isa siddhAnta ke dvArA unhoMne paraspara virodhI dikhalAI dene vAle ekAntavAdI siddhAntoM kA samyak samanvaya sthApita kiyA hai| IsA pUrva chaThI zatAbdI meM jaba bhagavAn mahAvIra kA janma huA thaa| usa samaya nityavAda, ucchedavAda Adi aneka dArzanika mata-matAntara pracalita the; unameM satya kyA hai? isakI khoja bhagavAn mahAvIra ne dhyAna ke mAdhyama se kI thii| unhoMne dhyAna ke mAdhyama se isa tathya kA sAkSAtkAra kiyA ki ekAGgI dRSTi kabhI bhI vastu tattva ke samagra rUpa ko prakAzita nahIM kara sakatI hai| pratyeka vastu meM aneka dharma pAye jAte haiM jinakA hama yugapat bhASA ke mAdhyama se kathana nahIM kara sakate haiN| sApekSika kathana dvArA hI hama vastu ke samagra rUpa kA vizleSaNa kara sakate haiM; kyoMki bhASA nirapekSa rUpa se vastu ke samagra rUpa ko abhivyakta nahIM kara sakatI hai| bhASA ke mAdhyama se jo kucha bhI kahA jAtA hai vaha kisI na kisI sandarbha-vizeSa meM kahA jAtA hai| ataH use sandarbha vizeSa kI dRSTi se hI dekhanA cAhie, samagra dRSTi se nhiiN| yahA~ dhyAna rakhanA cAhie ki hama vastu ko kisa dRSTi se dekha rahe haiM?, kahA~ dekha rahe haiM?, kisa kAla meM dekha rahe haiM?, kauna dekha rahA hai? aadi| ina saba praznoM kA samAdhAna anekAntavAda meM hI hai, ekAntavAda meM nhiiN| ekAntavAda kaba samyak hotA hai aura kaba mithyA? anekAntavAda kaba samyak hai aura kaba mithyA? ina saba bAtoM kA vicAra jaina granthoM meM vistAra se kiyA gayA haiN| isIlie isa anekAntavAda ke vyAkhyArtha syAdvAda siddhAnta (nizcita sApekSavAda kA siddhAnta) aura naya siddhAnta (samyak ekAntavAda kA siddhAnta) lAyA gayA hai| yadi isa siddhAnta ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA jAyegA to jainadharma ke prANabhUta ahiMsA, aparigraha Adi siddhAntoM kI bhI sahI vyAkhyA sambhava nahIM hogii| isake atirikta koI bhI dArzanika yA vaijJAnika apane siddhAntoM kI sahI vyAkhyA taba taka nahIM kara sakatA jaba taka anekAntavAda ko svIkAra na kreN| samAja-vyavasthA Adi bhI ise svIkAra kie binA sambhava nahIM hai| jyotiSIya gaNanAe~, bhautikasiddhAnta-nirvacanoM, cikitsA paddhatiyoM Adi kI vyAkhyA bhI binA sApekSavAda ke sambhava nahIM hai| anekAntavAda zabda ko do prakAra se samajhA jA sakatA hai 1. an + ekAnta = anekAnta arthAt ekAntavAda nahIM; kyoMki vastu aneka dharmavAlI hai| 2. aneka + anta (dharma yA guNa) = anekAnta arthAt vastu aneka dharmavAlI hai| anekAnta kA kathana syAdvAda evaM nayoM ke dvArA anekAntAtmaka vastu kA kathana syAdvAda dRSTi evaM naya dRSTi se kiyA jAtA haiN| 'syAdvAda' bhASA kI vaha nirdoSa paddhati hai jo vastu kA samyak pratipAdana karane meM sakSama hai| isameM prayukta 'syAt' zabda (nipAta-siddha, tiGanta pratirUpa) pratyeka vAkya ke nizcita sApekSa (mukhya yA gauNa) hone kI sUcanA detA hai, na ki saMzaya kA bodhaka hai| isameM vivakSita dharma kA kathana karake anya dharmoM kA niSedha nahIM kiyA jAtA apitu vivakSita ko mukhya karake anya ko gauNa kiyA jAtA hai| ata: jaba jo dharma vivakSita hotA hai taba use mukhya aura anya ko gauNa kiyA jAtA hai| isa taraha mukhya-gauNa bhAva se kathana karane para samagra vastu kA kathana ho jAtA hai| arthAt vastu kevala vivakSita dharma vAlI hI nahIM hai apitu tadatirikta bhI aneka dharma usameM vidyamAna hai| yadyapi syAdvAda evaM anekAntavAda kA prayoga paryAyavAcI ke rUpa meM milatA hai, parantu syAdvAda nirdiSTa bhASA-zailI kA pratIka hai aura anekAntavAda jJAna kA pratIka hai| anekAntavAda aura syAdvAda meM jo sambandha hai; vaha hai-lakSya-lakSaNa bhAva yA pratipAdya-pratipAdaka bhAva yA dyotya-dyotaka bhAva kaa| syAdvAda tathA nayavAda kI hI taraha nikSepavAda bhI jainadarzana meM pracalita hai| isake dvArA bhI vastu kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| nikSepa ke cAra bheda haiM 211

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nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura maav| isI taraha nayoM ke aneka bheda kiye gae haiN| saptabhaGgI 'syAdvAda' kA hI vistAra hai| eka vastu meM paraspara virodhI dharmoM kA sadbhAva anekAntavAda ke virodha meM kahA jAtA hai ki vastu jaba astirUpa hai to nAstirUpa kaise hai? vastu jaba eka hai to aneka kaise ho sakatI hai? bhAvarUpa hai to abhAvarUpa kaise ho sakatI hai? choTI hai to bar3I kaise ho sakatI hai? halakI hai to bhArI kaise ho sakatI hai? arthAt paraspara virodhI dharma eka vastu meM kaise raha sakate haiM? vastutaH nizcita sApekSabhAva se paraspara virodhI dharma eka sAtha raha sakate haiN| unameM na to koI virodha hai aura na sNshy| pratyakSa se vastu meM jaba hameM aneka virodhI dharmoM kI spaSTa pratIti hotI hai to usameM saMzaya kaisA? ghar3A samagra bhAva se eka hokara bhI apane rUpa, rasa, gandha, sparza kI apekSA tathA choTA, bar3A, halakA, bhArI Adi ananta guNoM aura dharmoM kI apekSA aneka rUpoM meM dikhalAI par3atA hai| ghar3A apane svarUpa kI apekSA astirUpa hai to svabhinna pararUpoM (ghor3A, kapar3A Adi) kI apekSA nAstirUpa bhI hai| yadi aisA nahIM mAnA jAyegA to ghar3A, kapar3A, ghor3A Adi meM koI bheda nahIM ho skegaa| yahA~ nAstitva dharma hI ghar3e ko ghar3e ke rUpa meM pratiSThita karatA hai tathA ghor3A Adi anyoM se pRthak karatA hai| vastu kI bhAvAbhAvAtmakatA isI taraha ghaTAdi vastu bhAvarUpa bhI hai aura abhAvarUpa bhii| yadi vastu ko sarvathA (dravya aura paryAya donoM apekSAoM se) bhAvarUpa hI svIkAra kiyA jAyegA to prAgbhAva (kAryotpatti ke pUrva asat honA), pradhvaMsAbhAva (kAryotpatti ke bAda ghaTarUpa paryAya kA abhAva) evaM atyantAbhAva (eka dravya meM dUsare dravya kA traikAlika abhAva) kucha bhI sambhava nahIM hogaa| vastu meM donoM rUpa pAye jAte haiM- sva-astitva aura para naastitv| para-nAstitvarUpa ko hI itaretarAbhAva (ghaTa meM paTAdi kA abhAva aura paTa meM ghaTAdi kA abhAva) kahate haiN| itaretarAbhAva yA anyonyAbhAva svataMtra padArtha nahIM hai| do padArthoM ke svarUpa kA pratiniyata honA hI eka kA dUsare meM abhAva hai jo tat-tat padArthoM kA sva-svarUpa hI hotA hai, mithyA nhiiN| isIlie ghor3A aura U~Ta meM sarvathA abheda nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| anyathA pUrva janma ke mRga aura gautama buddha ko eka mAnakara mRga kI bhI pUjA prApta hogii| ata: ghor3A aura U~Ta kA sAdRzya eka jAtIya hone se hai, eka sattA kA hone se nhiiN| yadi vastu ko sarvathA abhAvAtmaka yA sarvathA zUnya mAnA jAegA to svapakSa-sAdhana aura parapakSa-dRSaNa kaise hogA; kyoMki sarvathA abhAva pakSa meM na to vastu kA bodha hogA aura na vaaky-pryog| ata: vastu bhAvAbhAvAtmaka, nityAnityAtmaka, sadasadAtmaka, ekAnekAtmaka tathA utpAda-vyaya dhrauvyAtmaka hai| kisI bhI vastu kA samUla vinAza nahIM hotA; kyoMki cetana-acetana sabhI sadA pariNAmI nitya haiN| atIta paryAya kA vyaya, vartamAna paryAya kA utpAda aura donoM avasthAoM meM dravyarUpa se sadA rahanA dhruvatA hai| vastu kI aisI trayAtmakatA ko jainAcAryoM ne tathA mImAMsakAcArya kumArilabhaTTa ne bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| pAtaJjala-mahAbhASya tathA yogabhASya meM bhI vastu kI trayAtmakatA ko svIkAra kiyA gayA haiN| guNa-guNI meM, sAmAnya-sAmAnyavAn meM, kAraNa-kArya meM, avayava-avayavI meM sarvathA bheda mAnane para guNaguNIbhAvAdi nahIM bana sakate; kyoMki amuka guNa kA amuka guNI se niyata sambandha hai, yaha kaise batalAyA jA sakatA hai? eka avayavI apane avayavoM meM sarvAtmanA rahatA hai yA ekadeza se? donoM pakSoM meM dUSaNa hai; kyoMki yadi pUrNa rUpa se rahatA hai to jitane avayava hoMge utane hI avayavI hoNge| yadi ekadeza se rahatA hai to jitane avayava ke pradeza haiM utane avayavI mAnane pdd'eNge| sarvathA abheda pakSa meM guNa-guNI vyavahAra hI sambhava nahIM hai| ataH vastu ko bhedAbhedAtmaka mAnanA cAhie kyoMki guNa aura paryAya ko chor3akara dravya kA koI svataMtra astitva nahIM hai| anekAnta ke sambandha meM bhrama nivAraNa rAhula sAMkRtyAyana tathA DaoN0 harmana yA~kobI ne syAdvAda kI saptabhaGgI (kathana ke sAta prakAra) ke cAra bhaGgoM (asti, nAsti, ubhaya, anubhayarUpa) kI utpatti zabdasAmya ke AdhAra para saJjayavelaTThiputta ke ucchedavAda se mAnI hai, jo sarvathA anucita hai| saJjayavelaThThiputta jina praznoM kA samAdhAna nahIM karate unheM anizcaya kahakara chor3a dete haiN| gautama buddha bhI unheM avyAkRta kahakara chor3a dete haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne anekAnta siddhAnta ke mAdhyama se aise sabhI praznoM kA sayuktika evaM samyak uttara diyA hai| hiMsA aura ahiMsA meM jitanA antara hai utanA hI mahAvIra ke syAdvAda aura saJjayavelaTTiputta ke anizcaya siddhAnta (saMzaya tathA ajJAna) meM antara hai| DaoN0 sarvapallI rAdhAkRSNan ne apanI iNDiyana philAsaphI (jilda 1, pR0 305 306) meM syAdvAda ko ApekSika 212

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ardhasatya kahA hai, jo sarvathA bhrAmaka hai| kucha isI prakAra kI bhrAmaka vyAkhyA paM0 baladeva upAdhyAya (bhAratIya darzana, pR0 173) evaM DaoN0 devarAja (pUrvI aura pazcimI darzana, pR0 65) jI ne bhI kI hai| merA spaSTa vicAra hai ki ekAntavAdI darzana cAhe jitanA anekAntavAda yA syAdvAda kA khaNDana kareM, parantu ve bhI apane siddhAntoM meM samAgata virodhoM kI vyAkhyA syAdvAda ke mAdhyama se hI karate haiM, jaisA ki pahale vastu kI trayAtmakatA ke prasaGga meM batalAyA gayA hai| sva0 mahAmahopAdhyAya DaoN0 gaMgAnAtha jhA tathA sva0 phaNibhUSaNa adhikArI ne spaSTa rUpa se kahA hai ki zaGkarAcArya jI ne syAdvAda ko ThIka se samajhA nahIM thA anyathA ve usakA khaNDana nahIM krte| anekAnta do prakAra kA hai- samyag anekAnta aura mithyA anekaant| paraspara sApekSa dharmoM kA sampUrNa rUpa se grahaNa karanA samyag anekAnta hai tathA paraspara nirapekSa aneka dharmoM kA grahaNa mithyA anekAnta haiN| ekAnta bhI do prakAra kA haisamyag ekAnta aura mithyA ekAnta anya sApekSa eka dharma kA grahaNa samyagekAnta haiM aura anya dharma kA niSedha karake eka kA avadhAraNa karanA mithyaikAnta hai| mithyA anekAnta aura mithyA ekAnta pramANAbhAsa haiM evaM agrAhya haiM, jabaki samyaganekAnta aura samyagekAnta pramANarUpa haiM evaM grAhya haiN| anya darzanoM meM syAdvAda-mukhApekSatA ___ zaGkarAcArya ke advaita vedAnta meM eka nitya, nirguNa parama brahma kI sattA ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| vaha brahma jaba mAyopAdhi se yukta hotA hai to saguNa brahma (Izvara) banakara sRSTi karatA hai| brahma kI yaha mAyA yA ajJAna sat-asat se anirvacanIya hai, triguNAtmaka hai, jJAna-virodhI hai tathA bhAvarUpa kucha hai| isakI vyAkhyA syAdvAda siddhAnta ko mAne binA sambhava nahIM hai| brahma kI nimitta va upAdAna kAraNatA, samaSTi caitanya, vyaSTi caitanya, jIvanmukta va videhamukta Adi kI bhI vyAkhyAyeM syAdvAda-mukhApekSI haiN| ata: advaita (ekamAtra avikArI tattva) ke rahate nAnAtmaka jagat kI vyAkhyA ke lie ve trividha sattA ko svIkAra karate haiM- pAramArthika sattA, vyAvahArika sattA aura pratibhAsika sttaa| pAramArthika sattA jainoM ke zuddha nizcaya naya yA parama saMgraha nayavat haiN| vyAvahArika sattA jainoM ke vyavahAra naya evaM paryAyArthika nayavat hai| prAtibhAsika sattA jainoM ke upacarita nayavat hai| vedoM kA nAsadIyasUkta anekAntavAda kA hI poSaka hai| brahma ke nirvacana meM zvetAzvatara upaniSad ke 'aNoraNIyAn mahato mahIyAn,12 'kSaramakSaraM vyaktAvyaktaM ca'13 kI vyAkhyA binA anekAnta siddhAnta ke sambhava nahIM hai| viziSTAdvaitavAdI rAmAnujAcArya apane viziSTAdvaita kI siddhi, bhAskarabhaTTa apane bhedAbheda kI siddhi, vallabhAcArya apane nirvikAra brahma meM ubhayarUpatA (pariNAmI-nityatA) kI siddhi tathA vijJAnabhikSu (vijJAnAmRtabhASyakAra) apane brahma meM prakArabheda kI siddhi anekAnta siddhAnta ko svIkAra kiye binA nahIM kara sakate jayarAzibhaTTa ne apane tattvopaplavasiMha grantha meM bhAva-abhAva Adi aneka vikalpa jAloM se vastu ke svarUpa kA mAtra khaNDana kiyA hai, jinakA samAdhAna syAdvAda paddhati se hI kiyA jA sakatA hai| vyomazivAcArya (prazastapAdabhASya ke prAcIna TIkAkAra) Atmasiddhi ke prakaraNa meM AtmA ko svasaMvedana pratyakSa kA viSaya siddha karate haiN| yahA~ eka prazna hai ki AtmA kartA hokara usI samaya saMvedana kA karma kaise ho sakatA hai? isakA uttara ve syAdvAda ke mAdhyama se dete haiM'lakSaNabheda se donoM rUpa ho sakate haiM, isameM koI virodha nahIM haiN| svataMtra AtmA kartA haiM aura jJAna kA viSaya hone se vaha karma bhI hai| bauddhadarzana meM kSaNikavAda svIkRta haiN| vahA~ zUnyAdvaitavAda athavA vijJAnAdvaitavAda kI siddhi binA syAdvAda ke sambhava nahIM hai| vahA~ bhI dvividha satya ko svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai- paramArthasatya aura saMvRti satya (vyvhaar-sty)| yaha siddhAnta jainoM ke nizcaya naya aura vyavahAra naya ke samAna hai| pratikSaNa parivartanazIla vastuoM kI avicchinna dhArA kI siddhi, smRti, pratyabhijJAna, bandha-mokSa kI vyavasthA Adi binA syAdvAda mAne sambhava nahIM hai| bhagavAn buddha ko zAzvatavAda se yadi bhaya thA to ucchedavAda bhI unheM abhISTa nahIM thaa| vastu ko traikAlika isalie mAnA jAtA hai ki vaha atIta se vartamAna taka tathA Age bhI pravahamAna rahatI hai| kahA hai - yasminneva hi santAne AhitA krmvaasnaa| phalaM tatraiva badhnAti kApase raktatA ythaa|| yaha kathana syAdvAda ke binA saGgata nahIM ho sakatA hai| vastutaH dravya se anvaya kA jJAna hotA hai aura paryAya se 213

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vyAvRttijJAna (bhedajJAna) kaa| dravya eka hotA hai aura paryAyeM kAlakrama se aneka hotI haiN| vaizeSikoM kI taraha dravya, guNa, karma Adi svatantra padArtha nahIM haiN| sarvathA abheda mAnane vAle advaitavAda meM vivarta, vikAra yA bhinna-pratibhAsa sambhava nahIM hai| 'sat' sAmAnya se jo saba padArthoM meM aikya sthApita kiyA jAtA hai vaha vyavahArArtha parama saMgrahanaya kA ekatva hai, jo ki upacarita hai, mukhya nhiiN| zabda prayoga kI dRSTi se eka dravya meM vivakSita dharma-bheda aura do dravyoM meM rahane vAlA paramArtha satbheda, donoM bhinna-bhinna haiN| pakSadharmatva, sapakSasatva aura vipakSAsatva- ye tInoM rUpa bhinna-bhinna hote hue bhI eka hI hetu meM mAne jAte haiN| vahA~ sapakSasattva se vipakSAsatva kA grahaNa jaise nahIM mAnA jAtA hai vaise hI pratyeka vastu meM svarUpAstitva se para-nAstika kA bhI grahaNa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| ata: usakA pRthak kathana Avazyaka hai| anvaya-jJAna aura vyatirekajJAnarUpa prayojana tathA kArya bhI pRthak-pRthaka haiN| vastu meM sarvathA bheda mAnane vAle bauddhoM ke yahA~ pararUpa se nAstitva mAne binA svarUpa kI pratiniyata vyavasthA nahIM bana sakatI hai| pratiniyata santAna-vyavasthA se svayaM siddha hai ki vastu utpAda vyaya kI niranvaya paramparA mAtra nahIM haiN| zAntarakSita paraloka-parIkSA meM jJAnAdi santati ko anAdi-ananta svIkAra karake paraloka kI vyAkhyA karate haiM - upaadaantdaadeybhuutjnyaanaadisntteH| kAciniyatamaryAdAvasthaiva prikiirtyte|| tasyAzcAnAdyanantAyAH paraH pUrva iheti c|| (tattvasaMgraha, 1872-73) isa taraha bauddha darzana sarvathA ekAntavAdI kaise ho sakatA hai? sAMkhyadarzana prakRti ko pariNAmI nitya mAnatA hai| vaha prakRti-tattva kAraNarUpa se eka hokara bhI apane mahadAdi vikAroM kI dRSTi se aneka hai, nitya hokara bhI anitya hai| yogabhASya (3.13) meM pariNAmavAda kA artha kiyA hai- 'avasthitasya dravyasya pUrvadharmanivRttau dharmAntarotpattiH pariNAma:' sthira dravya ke pUrvadharma kI nivRtti hone para navIna dharma kI utpatti honA pariNAma hai| binA sApekSavAda ke mahadAditattva prakRti vikRti ubhayarUpa kaise hai?16 nyAya-vaizeSika darzana ke tarkasaMgraha meM pRthvI dravya kA nirvacana karate hue kahA hai 'tatra gandhavatI pRthvii| sA dvividhA-nityAnityA c| nityA paramANurUpA, anityA kaaryruupaa'| isI prakAra jala, tejas aura vAyu dravyoM ko nityAnitya mAnA hai|" parasAmAnya-aparasAmAnya, kAlakRta paratvAparatva Adi bhI sApekSatA ko lie hue haiN| anekAnta meM sambhAvya doSoM kA nirAkaraNa isa taraha dekhA jAtA hai ki sabhI darzanoM ke AcAryoM ne eka hI vastu meM virodhI dhamoM ke samanvayArtha kisI na kisI rUpa meM sApekSavAda ko avazya svIkAra kiyA hai| syAdvAda anekAntavAda para mukhya rUpa se do doSa (saMzaya aura virodha) batalAe jAte haiN| tattvasaMgraha meM saMkara aura zrIkaNThabhASya meM anavasthA doSa bhI batalAe haiM, parantu jaina AcArya akalaGkadeva ne sambhAvita ATha doSoM kI upasthApanA karake unakA khaNDana kiyA hai| ve doSa haiM- 1. saMzaya, 2. virodha, 3. vaiyadhikaraNya, 4. saMkara, 5. vyatikara, 6. anavasthA, 7. apratipatti aura 8, abhaav|18 eka hI dRSTi se do virodhI dharma svIkRta na hone se virodha nahIM hai| jaise- vaizeSika darzana meM pRthvItvAdi apara sAmAnya svavyaktiyoM meM anugata hone ke kAraNa sAmAnya rUpa hai tathA jalAdi se vyAvartaka hone se vizeSa bhI hai| ata: vastu ke donoM dharma pRthak-pRthak dRSTikoNoM se sarvathA nizcita rUpa meM pratIta hone se saMzaya nahIM hai| eka hI akhaNDa vastu meM ananta dharmoM kA saMkara hone para bhI unakI pratIti dRSTibheda se hotI hai| ata: saMkara doSa nahIM hai| 'vyatikara' kA artha hai 'paraspara viSayagamana', yaha tabhI sambhava hai jaba paryAya aura dravya donoM dRSTiyoM se dravya ko nityAnitya mAnA jAya, parantu aisA na mAnane se vyatikara doSa bhI nahIM hai| 'dravyadRSTi se vastu nitya hai aura paryAya dRSTi se anitya hai' yaha nizcita hai, vaiyadhikaraNya doSa bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki sabhI dharma eka hI AdhAra meM jAne jAte haiM, jaise eka hI AkAza-pradeza meM sabhI dravyoM kI sattA hai| eka dharma meM anya dharma kI sattA na mAnane se anavasthA doSa bhI nahIM hai| kiJca, dharmoM kA eka rUpa mAnane se ekAntatva nahIM AtA hai; kyoMki vastu anekAntarUpa hai tathA samyagekAnta kA anekAnta se koI virodha nahIM hai, dharma dharmibhAva sApekSa hai; kyoMki jo apane AdhArabhUta dharmI kI apekSA dharma hotA hai, vaha apane AdheyabhUta dhamoM kI apekSA dharmI ho jAtA hai| isa taraha pramANa se nirbAdha pratIti hone ke kAraNa na to apratItatva (apratipatti) doSa hai aura na abhAva doSa hai| ataH syAdvAda yA anekAntavAda na to saMzayavAda hai, na kadAcitkavAda hai, na sambhavanAvAda hai, apitu 214

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sApekSAtmaka nizcayavAda hai, jise jaina darzana meM anekAntavAda yA syAdvAda ke nAma se kahA jAtA hai| isa taraha hama dekhate haiM ki sabhI darzana kisI na kisI rUpa meM sApekSatA ke siddhAnta ko yathAvasara svIkAra karake apane svIkRta siddhAntoM kI vyAkhyA karate haiM, parantu ekAntavAda ke Agraha ko nahIM chor3a pAte haiN| itanA avazya hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ne sApekSatA ke siddhAnta kA jitanI sUkSmatA se adhyayana kiyA hai, vaisA kisI ne nahIM kiyA hai| nizcita sApekSavAda ke pratipAdaka anekAnta evaM syAdvAda ko UparI taura para hI logoM ne samajhakara usakI AlocanA kI hai| yaha eka aisA siddhAnta hai; jisake dvArA vibhinna matavAdoM kA nayadRSTi se samanvaya karake vizva-bandhutva kI sthApanA kI jA sakatI hai| 'kahIM kI IMTa, kahIM kA ror3A, bhAnumatI ne kunabA jor3A, kI taraha anekAntavAda anizcayavAda yA saMzayavAda nahIM hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra kA anekAntavAda yahI batalAtA hai ki dRSTi ekAGgI mata karo, vastu ko sabhI dRSTikoNoM se dekho| kisI eka dRSTi ko sahI aura dUsarI ko mithyA mata kho| sAtha hI yaha bhI kahA ki eka hI dRSTi se vastu ubhayavidha nahIM hai| vastu kI ubhayarUpatA vibhinna dRSTiyoM se hai| ataH anekAntavAda nizcayAtmakatA kA siddhAnta hai| bhAratIya darzanoM kA sAmAnyataH samAveza jaina nayAnusAra nimna prakAra se samAyojita kiyA jA sakatA hai - 1. naigama naya kI dRSTi se nyAya-vaizeSika darzana kaa| 2. saMgraha naya kI dRSTi se sAMkhya va vedAnta darzana kA / 3. vyavahAra naya kI dRSTi se mImAMsA darzana kaa| 4. RjusUtra naya kI dRSTi se bauddhadarzana kaa| 5. zabda naya kI dRSTi se zabdAdvaita darzana kaa| 6. samabhirUDha naya kI dRSTi se cArvAka darzana kaa| 7. bhUtaprajJApana naya kI dRSTi se yoga darzana kaa| upasaMhAra Upara dArzanika dRSTi se jisa taraha anekAntavAda aura syAdvAda dvArA vibhinna virodhoM ke samAdhAna kA sugama mArga batalAyA gayA hai usI taraha anya kSetroM meM bhI ise ghaTita kara lenA caahie| pitA ko putra ke dRSTikoNa ko tathA samaya kI paristhitiyoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara vicAra karanA caahie| isI taraha putra ko bhI pitA kI paristhitiyoM ko samajhanA caahie| aisA karane para vivAda samApta hoMge aura jIvana meM amRtarasa kI varSA hogii| isI taraha pati-patnI, mitra-zatru, Adi sabhI kSetroM meM isa siddhAnta kI upayogitA hai| yaha eka aisI kuJjI hai jisase sabhI banda tAle khula sakate haiM, AvazyakatA hai usake sahI prayoga kii| sandarbha sUcI 1. nirapekSA naya mithyA, sApekSA vastu te'rthkRt|- samantabhadra, AptamImAMsA, 108 2. (ka) anekAntAtmakArthakathanaM syaadvaadH|- laghIyastrayavivRtti, (kha) sampUrNArthavinizcAyI syaadvaadshrutmucyte|- siddhasenakRta nyAyAvatAra, 30 (ga) syAdvAda: sarvathaikAntatyAgAt kiMvRttacidvidhiH / sapta-bhaGganayApekSo heyAdeyavizeSakaH / samantabhadra, AptamImAMsA, 104 (gha) apitaanrpitsiddheH|- tattvArthasUtra, 5.32 3. dekheM, adhyAtma se samRddhi, svAsthya evaM zAnti, bhAga-1, anekAnta samajha, DaoN0 pArasamala agravAla 4. dekheM, phuTanoTa naM02 5. (ka) ghaTamaulisuvarNArthI naashotpaadsthitisvym| zokapramodamAdhyasthyaM jano yAti shetukm|| payovrato na dadhyatti na payotti ddhivrtH|| agorasavato nobhe tasmAttattvaM trayAtmakam / / , AptamImAMsA, 59-60 (kha) vardhamAnakabhaGge ca rucakaH kriyate ydaa| tadA pUrvArthinaH zokaH prIticApyuttarArthinaH / / hemArthinastu mAdhyasthyaM tasmAdvastu tryaatmkm| 215

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na nAzena vinA zoko notpAdena vinA sukhm|| sthityA vinA na mAdhyasthyaM tena saamaanynitytaa||, mImAMsAzlokavArtika, pR0 619 6. dravyaM hi nitymaakRtirnityaa| suvarNa: kadAcidAkRtyA yuktaM piNDo bhavati, piNDAkRtimupamRdya rucakAH kriyante, rucakAkRtimupamRdya kaTakAH kriyante, kaTakAkRtimupamRdya svastikAH kriyante, punarAvRttaH suvarNapiNDa: punaraparayA AkRtyA yuktaH khadirAkArasadRza kuNDale bhavataH / AkRtiranyA anyA ca bhavati, dravyaM punastadeva, AkRtyupamardaina dravyamevAvaziSyate / (pAtaJjala mahAbhASya, 1.1.1; yogabhASya, 4.13) 7. darzana digdarzana, pR0 491-496 8. caudaha vastue~ avyAkRta haiM, mAdhyamikavRtti, pR0 446, dasa vastue~ avyAkRta hai, majjhimanikAya, 2.23 9. jaina tarkavArtika, prastAvanA, pR0 14-24 10. ajJAnaM tu sadasadabhyAmanirvacanIyaM triguNAtmakaM jJAnavirodhi bhAvarUpaM yatkiJciditi / vedAntasAra, pR0 14 11. Rgveda nAsadIya suukt| 12. zvetAzvatara upaniSad, 3.20 13. o. upaniSad, 1.8 14. vizeSa ke lie dekheM- jainadarzana, paM. mahendra kumAra nyAyAcArya, pR0 597-689 15. athAtmanaH kartRtvAdekasmin kAle krmtvaasNbhvenaaprtyksstvm| tatra lakSaNabhedena tadupapatteH / tathAhi-jJAnacikIrvAdhAratvasya kartRlakSaNasyopapatteH ___ kartRtvam / tadaiva ca kriyayA vyApyatvopalavdheH karmatvaM ceti na doSaH / lakSaNatantratvAd vastuvyavasthAyAH / (praza. vyo. pR0 392) 16. sAMkhyakArikA, 3 17. tarkasaMgraha, pR0 4-6 18. pramANasaMgraha, pR0 103, aSTazatI (aSTasasrI, pR0 206) prAyazcitta tapa ['prAyazcitta tapa' aparAdha-sudhAra hetu eka prakAra kA daNDa-vidhAna tathA karma-nirjarA kA mAdhyama hai| yaha sabhI ke dvArA AcaraNIya hai| yaha hamArI Abhyantara zuddhi kA sazakta mAdhyama hai|] jaina darzana meM Abhyantara tapoM kI gaNanA karate samaya sarvaprathama 'prAyazcitta tapa ko ginAyA gayA hai| pramAdavaza yA ajJAnavaza hamAre dvArA bahuta se aparAdha ho jAte haiM jinheM hama 'prAyazcitta' ke dvArA dUra kara sakate haiM arthAt bhUlavaza yA asAvadhAnI se hue doSoM kA zodhana karanA prAyazcitta hai| yaha sarva vidita hai ki jaina darzana meM AcArazuddhi para vizeSa bala diyA gayA hai| ataH jaise philTara se pAnI ko zuddha kiyA jAtA hai vaise hI grahaNa kie gae vratoM meM dUSaNa lagane para prAyazcitta dvArA unakA zodhana kiyA jAtA hai| ataH aparAdha kI zuddhi hetu daNDa svIkAra karanA prAyazcitta hai| isake prabhAva se pUrvakAla meM saJcita pApakarma naSTa hote haiM tathA AtmA nirmala hotI hai| tIvra jvara meM binA vicAre grahaNa kI gaI doSayukta mahAn auSadhi bhI Arogyavardhaka nahIM hotI usI prakAra prAyazcitta ke binA eka pakSa yA mAsa Adi kA upavAsa tapa bhI upakAraka nahIM hotaa| jaise svaccha darpaNa meM mukha kA pratibimba camakatA hai vaise hI saduru se doSa ke anurUpa prAyazcitta karane para tapasvI camakatA hai| mUlAcAra meM prAyazcitta ke ATha nAma ginAe haiM jo prAyazcitta ke svarUpa ko spaSTa karate haiM - porANakammakhavaNaM khivaNaM NijjaraNaM sodhaNaM dhuvnnN| pucchaNamucchivaNaM chiMdaNaM tti pAyacchittassa nnaamaaii||363 / / artha- pUrvopArjita karmoM kA 1. kSapaNa (naSTa karanA), 2. kSepaNa (dUra haTAnA), 3. nirjaraNa (nirjarA karanA), 4. zodhana, 5. dhAvana (dhonA), 6. puMchana (poMchanA), 7. utkSepaNa (Upara pheMkanA), 8. chedana (Tukar3e karanA) prAyazcitta hai| prAyazcitta do zabdoM ke mela se banA hai- 'prAyaH' aura 'citt'| 'prAyaH zabda kA artha hai 'aparAdha' aura 'citta' (citi dhAtu se uNAdi meM niSThA artha se banA hai) kA artha hai 'shuddhi'| ata: jisake karane se aparAdha kI zuddhi hotI hai use prAyazcitta kahate haiN| 'prAyaH' zabda kA artha 'loka' bhI hotA hai jisakA artha hai- jisa kriyA ke karane se loga (loka) aparAdhI ko nirdoSa mAnane lageM (prAyo lokastasya cittaM zuddhimiyarti yasmAt tatprAyazcittam) / yahA~ 'prAyaH' zabda kA artha 216

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'tapa' aura 'citta' kA artha 'nizcaya bhI hai arthAt upavAsa Adi tapa meM karaNIyatA kA zraddhAna (nishcy)| prAyazcitta ke bheda-doSa-saMzodhana ke jitane bhI prakAra haiM ve sabhI prAyazcitta ke andara Ate haiN| saMkSepa meM vyavahAra se unheM nau prakAroM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai- 1.Alocana (AlocanA), 2. pratikramaNa, 3. tadubhaya (AlocanA aura pratikramaNa donoM), 4. viveka, 5. vyutsarga, 6. tapa, 7. cheda, 8. parihAra aura 9. upasthApana / yadyapi inakA vizeSa sambandha sAdhu saGgha se hai tathApi isakA upayoga gRhastha zrAvakoM ke lie bhI ati upayogI hai| anagAra-dharmAmRta meM prAyazcitta ke 10 bheda ginAe haiM - AlocanA, pratikramaNa, tadubhaya, viveka, vyutsarga, tapa, cheda, mala, parihAra aura zraddhAna (upsthaapnaa)| zraddhAna kA lakSaNa hai- gatvA sthitasya mithyAtvaM yaddIkSA-grahaNaM punaH / tacchraddhAnamiti khyaatmupsthaapnmitypi|| artha- mithyAtva kA grahaNa hone para punaH dIkSA lenA zraddhAna prAyazcitta hai| prAyazcitta ke 10 bheda vyavahAra naya se haiN| nizcaya naya se isake asaMkhyAta loka pramANa bheda haiN| (1) Alocana yA AlocanA (prakaTana, prakAzana)- guru yA AcArya ke samakSa apanI galatI ko niSkapaTa bhAva se nivedana krnaa| yaha nivedana yA AlocanA nimna dasa prakAra ke doSoM ko bacAkara karanA caahie| ve doSa haiM - (ka) Akampita doSa- 'AcArya dayA karake hameM kama prAyazcitta deveM isa bhAvanA se AcArya ko kucha (pustaka, picchI Adi) bheTa dekara yA sevA karake apane doSa kA nivedana krnaa| (kha) anumApita doSa- bAtoM-bAtoM meM prAyazcitta ke kama yA adhika kA anumAna lagAkara apane doSa ko guru se prakaTa krnaa| (ga) dRSTa doSa-jisa doSa ko kisI ne dekhA nahIM hai use chupA lenA aura jo doSa dUsare sAthiyoM ne dekha liyA hai use hI guru se nivedana krnaa| (gha) bAdara doSakevala sthUla (mahAn) doSa kA nivedana karanA, bAkI chor3a denaa| (Ga) sUkSma doSa- bar3e (daNDa) ke bhaya se bar3e (sthUla) doSa ko chupAkara choTe doSa kA nivedana krnaa| (ca) channa doSa- 'yadi koI aisA aparAdha kare to use kyA daNDa milanA cAhie isa taraha guru se pahale pUchanA pazcAt doSa kA nivedana krnaa| (cha) zabdAkulita doSa- 'koI mere doSa ko suna na le' isa bhAvanA se jaba khUba hallA ho rahA ho usa samaya apanA doSa khnaa| (ja) bahujana doSa- AcArya ne jo prAyazcitta mujhe diyA hai vaha ThIka hai yA nahIM' aisI AzaGkA karake apane anya sAthiyoM se puuchnaa| (jha) avyakta doSabhayavaza AcArya se apanA doSa na batalAkara apane sahayogI ko doSa batalAnA (Ja) tatsevI- AcArya se apane doSa kA nivedana na karake usa sAthI se pUchanA jisane usake samAna hI aparAdha kiyA ho aura AcArya ne use jo prAyazcitta batalAyA ho use hI apane lie ucita maannaa| (2) pratikramaNa- 'pramAdavaza mujhase jo aparAdha huA ho, vaha mithyA hove (micchA me dukkaDaM)' isa taraha apanI mAnasika pratikriyA vacana dvArA prakaTa karake sAvadhAnI vartanA pratikramaNa hai| yaha roja kA eka kRtya hai| isake dvArA hama dainandina kI caryA meM sambhAvita choTe-choTe doSoM kA paryAlocana karate haiN| isake lie pratikramaNa pATha par3hA jAtA hai| Age bhUla na ho aisI sAvadhAnI isameM kI jAtI hai| (3) tadubhaya (mizra)- aisA aparAdha jisake lie AlocanA aura pratikramaNa donoM karanA pdd'e| (4) viveka- AhAra athavA upakaraNoM kI sadoSatA ke viSaya meM jAnakArI hone para unako pRthak karanA viveka hai arthAt 'yaha grAhya (nirdoSa) hai aura yaha agrAhya (sadoSa) hai' aisA vicAra kara grAhya ko hI lenA, agrAhya ko nhiiN| (5) vyutsarga (pratiSThApana)- jisa doSa ke parihAra ke lie viveka (sadoSa aura nirdoSa kA pRthakkaraNa) sambhava nahIM ho vahA~ usakA tyAga karanA yA kucha samaya paryanta kAyotsarga karanA vaha vyutsarga (ekAgratA ke sAtha zarIra, vacana Adi ke vyApAroM ko rokanA) hai| (6) tapa-jisa doSa ke hone para anazana Adi tapa karanA par3e vaha tapa prAyazcitta hai| (7) cheda (dIkSA- apaharaNa)- jisa aparAdha ke hone para guru sAdhu kI dIkSA-avadhi ko doSa ke anusAra kama (pakSa, divasa, mAsa, varSa kA cheda) kara de use cheda prAyazcitta kahate haiN| isake phalasvarUpa sAdhu kI variSThatA (jyeSThatA=pUjyatA) kama ho jAtI hai aura taba use una sAdhuoM ko bhI namaskAra karanA par3atA hai jo pahale use namaskAra karate the aura aba ve jyeSTha ho gae haiN| dIkSA kI avadhi kitanI kama kI gaI hai?' isa para hI jyeSThatA-kaniSThatA banatI hai| jaise kisI dasa varSa ke dIkSita sAdhu kI yadi dIkSA-avadhi pA~ca varSa kama kara dI jAtI hai to use pA~ca varSa se eka dina bhI adhika dIkSita sAdhu ko namaskAra karanA hogaa| 217

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(8) parihAra (pRthakkaraNa)- doSa ke anusAra kucha samaya (pakSa, mAsa Adi) ke lie saGgha se bAhara kara denA aura usase koI samparka na rakhanA parihAra prAyazcitta hai| (9) upasthApanA (punarvatAropaNa yA punardIkSA)- mahAvratoM ke bhaGga hone para purAnI dIkSA pUrI taraha samApta karake punaH nae sire se dIkSita krnaa| 'cheda' meM pUrI dIkSA samApta nahIM kI jAtI hai| antima do (parihAra aura upasthApana) ke sthAna para tIna (mUla, anavasthApya aura pArazcika') prAyazcitta ke bheda milane se kucha granthoM meM dasa bheda bhI ginAe haiN| 'kisa doSa ke hone para kauna sA prAyazcitta lenA par3atA hai' isakA varNana mUlAcAra, vyavahAra, jItakalpasUtra Adi prAyazcitta ke pratipAdaka granthoM meM milatA hai| doSa ke anusAra gRhastha jIvana meM bhI ye prAyazcitta dekhe jAte haiN| jaise, kAna pakar3o, mAphI mAMgo, Aja kA khAnA banda, ghara se yA zahara se bAhara nikAlanA, jAti bahiSkAra karanA, chAtroM ko chAtrAvAsa suvidhA se vaJcita karanA, parIkSAphala roka denA, skUla se kucha samaya yA sadA ke lie nikAla denA, kucha samaya bAda punaH praveza de denA, aadi| isa taraha prAyazcitta ke 9 athavA 10 bheda haiN| yaha prAyazcitta deza, kAla, zakti, kAya, saMyama-virAdhanA Adi kI apekSA aneka prakAra kA tathA laghu athavA bRhat hotA hai| jaise paJcendriya pazu-pakSi Adi kI virAdhanA se manuSya jAti kI virAdhanA adhika doSajanaka hai| deza-kAla Adi kI paristhitiyoM tathA aparAdhI kI yogyatA athavA saMyama kI sthiti ke anusAra prAyazcitta bhI choTA-bar3A hotA hai| ataH eka hI aparAdha kA prAyazcitta alaga-alaga ho sakatA hai| AgamoM meM jo aparAdha kA prAyazcitta batalAyA hai vaha sAmAnya kathana hai| isakA nirNaya saduru yA AcArya karatA hai| hama prAyazcitta ke Agama grantha par3hakara svayaM prAyazcitta nahIM le sakate haiN| guru ke abhAva meM Apa bhale svayaM prAyazcitta kara leM parantu yathAvasara guru se sahI-sahI batalAeM tathA guru jo kahe tadanusAra kreN| AcArya yadi svayaM vratoM meM doSa lagAtA hai to use bar3A prAyazcitta karanA par3atA hai| doSoM kI zuddha kaise hogI? isakA vivaraNa AgamoM meM vistAra se diyA gayA hai| sandarbha-grantha 1. anagAra dharmAmRta 5.45 2. anagAra-dharmAmRta 5.46 3. mUlAcAra, gAthA 363 4. tattvArthAdhigama bhASya, sUtra 9.22 5. aalocnaa-prtikrmnn-tdubhy-vivek-vyutsrg-tpshched-prihaaropsthaapnaa| tattvArthasUtra 9.22 6. anagAra-dharmAmRta, saMskRta TIkA 7.37 7. anagAradharmAmRta 7.57 8. dekheM, vahI 7.59 9. 'mUla' meM 6 mAsa se adhika kI dIkSA kA cheda hotA hai aura 'cheda' meM 5 ahorAtra se 6 mAsa taka kI dIkSA-cheda hai| isa taraha mUla' ciraghAtI hai aura 'cheda' sadya:ghAtI hai| -bRhatkalpabhASya 711 10. mUlAcAra (5.362) meM mUla prAyazcitta use kahA hai jisameM punaH vrata die jAyeM arthAt punaH dIkSA denaa| anavasthApya- dIkSA se haTAne ke bAda tatkAla punaH dIkSA na denaa| kucha avadhi taka parIkSaNa karane ke bAda AcArya va saGgha kI anumati milane para dIkSA denaa| 11. pAraJcika yaha parihAra kA hI bheda hai| parihAra ke tIna bheda haiN| nijagaNa anupasthAna, 2. saparagaNopasthAna aura 3. paarnycik| tInoM bhedoM meM saGgha se niSkAsana mukhya hai| tIrthaGkara gaNadhara Adi kI AzAtanA karane para yaha daNDa diyA jAtA hai| abhidhAna rAjendrakoza meM isakA vistAra se varNana hai- anagAra0 59 saMskRta ttiikaa| 12. vyavahAra, jItakalpasUtra Adi prAyazcitta pradhAna grantha, tattvArthasUtra 9.22 tathA isakI ttiikaaeN| lATIsaMhitA 7.82, pravacanasAroddhAra 92/750, mUlAcAra 1033/5.363, vyavahArabhASya, gAthA. 53, anagAra0 7.37, sthAnAGgasUtra, madhukaramuni TIkA 10.73 218

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AhAra-vihArAdi meM utsarga-apavAda mArga kA samanvaya (AcArya kundakunda kI dRSTi meM) [ utsargamArga - zuddhopayogI mArga tathA apavAda mArga - deza, kAlAdi kI paristhitijanya zubhopayogI mArga donoM hI samyak haiN| apavAdamArga zithilAcAra yA svecchAcAra nahIM hai] AcArya kundakunda ne apane sabhI granthoM meM sarvatra jainadharma ke prANabhUta syAdvAdasiddhAntAnusAra sApekSavAda yA samanvayavAda kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| kahIM bhI ve ekAntavAda kA pratipAdana nahIM krte| pravacanasAra meM muni ke AhAravihAra kA pratipAdana karate hue AcArya utsarga aura apavAda mArga kA samanvaya hI zreyaskara batalAte haiN| utsarganirapekSa apavAdamArga aura apavAdanirapekSa utsargamArga zreyaskara nahIM hai| isI bAta kA samarthana karate hue pravacanasAra gAthA 231 kI TIkA karate hue AcArya amRtacandajI likhate haiM-'tanna zreyAnapavAdanirapekSa utsargaH / tanna shreyaanutsrgnirpeksso'pvaadH|' utsarga-apavAda mArga (1) utsarga mArga - zuddhAtmA se bhinna sabhI bAhya aura Abhyantara parigraha kA tyAga (mamatva tyAga) utsarga mArga hai| nizcaya naya se yahI munidharma hai| ise hI sarvaparityAga, paramopekSA saMyama, vItarAgacAritra, zuddhopayoga Adi nAmoM se bhI kahA jAtA hai| vAstava meM kevalI hI isa mArga ke sacce anuyAyI haiN| isameM na kisI kA tyAga hotA hai aura na grahaNa; yaha to zuddhAtmA kI svarUpasthiti hai| yahA~ bhUkha-pyAsa kucha bhI nahIM rahatI, ataH tadartha usake grahaNa kA koI prayojana bhI nahIM rhtaa| (2) apavAda mArga- zuddha AtmA kI bhAvanA ke sahakArI prAsuka AhAra, jJAnopakaraNa zAstra Adi kA grahaNa karanA apavAda mArga hai| vyavahAranaya se yahI munidharma hai| ise hI ekadeza parityAga, apahRta-saMyama, sarAga cAritra, zubhopayoga Adi nAmoM se bhI kahA hai| yaha mArga unake lie hai jo hIna zaktivAle hone se zuddhAtmA meM nizcaya se Thaharane meM asamartha haiM parantu usa mArga ko prApta karanA cAhate haiN| apavAda sApekSa utsarga mArga-zuddhAtmA kI bhAvanA ke nimitta sarvaparityAgarUpa utsarga mArga ke kaThina caraNa meM vicaratA huA muni jaba mUla saMyama ke sAdhaka mUla zarIra ke vinAza ko rokane ke lie prAsuka AhArAdi kA grahaNa karatA hai to vaha apavAdasApekSa utsargamArga kA Azraya letA hai| isase yaha bhI siddha hotA hai ki zarIra saMyama sAdhanA meM sahAyaka hone se sarvathA heya yA nindanIya nahIM hai| usa meM Asakti hI nindanIya hai| utsarga sApekSa apavAda mArga- jaba koI muni apahRta saMyama ke mArga meM vicaratA huA bhI zuddhAtma tattva sAdhaka mUlabhUta saMyama kI tathA saMyama sAdhaka mUlabhUta zarIra kI rakSA karatA huA vicaratA hai to use utsargasApekSa apavAdamArga kahate haiN| kevala utsarga mArga zreyaskara nahIM-'AhAra grahaNa karane para kucha na kucha karmabandha avazya hotA hai isa bhaya se utsargamArgI muni jaba kaThora tapasyA ke dvArA asamaya meM hI saMyama sAdhaka zarIra ko vinAza kara detA hai to vaha tapasyA ke phalasvarUpa devaparyAya meM pahu~cakara asaMyamI ho jAtA hai| vahA~ deva paryAya meM saMyamAbhAva hone se use adhika karmabandha hone lagatA hai| ata: apavAda mArga kA virodha kara mAtra utsarga mArga apanAnA apane paira para kulhAr3I mArane ke samAna hai| kevala apavAda mArga zreyaskara nahIM - jaba koI zithilAcArI apavAdamArgI muni AhAra vihAra karate hue zuddhAtma bhAvanA kI upekSA kara detA hai to usake dvArA aisA karane para (utsargamArga chor3a dene se) adhika karmabandha hotA hai| phalataH ve mArgabhraSTa pathika ke samAna ananta saMsAra meM bhaTakate rahate haiN| ata: donoM mArgoM kA Alambana lekara saMyama kI siddhi karanA caahie| isI bAta ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue AcArya ne kahA hai - bAlo vA buDo vA samabhihado vA puNo gilANo vaa| cariyaM carau sajoggaM mUlacchedaM jadhA Na havadi / / 230 / / AhAre va vihAre va desaM kAlaM samaM khamaM uvadhiM / jANitA te samaNo vaTTadi jadi appalevI so|| prava0 231 // artha - jo muni bAlaka (alpAyu) hai yA vRddha hai yA thakA huA hai| (zramAbhihata, tapasyA, mArgazrama se khinna) yA rogAdi se 219

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pIr3ita (glAna) hai vaha apane yogya zaktyanusAra vaisI caryA kA AcaraNa kare jisase mUla saMyama kA ghAta (cheda) na ho| muni deza, kAla, zrama, sahanazakti aura zarIrarUpa upadhi ko jAnakara yadi AhAra yA vihAra meM pravRtti karatA hai to vaha alpa karmoM se ba~dhatA hai, anyathA deza, kAlAdi kA vicAra kiye binA AcaraNa karane para bahuta karmabandha karatA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki avasthA (bAla, vRddha, amita, gilAna) kA vicAra karate hue tathA deza-kAlAdi kA vicAra karate hue hI muni ko AhArAdi meM pravRtti karanA caahie| zakti kA vicAra kie binA yadi ati tapa kiyA jAyegA to vaha usI prakAra caramarA jAyegA jaise kSamatA se adhika bhAra lAdane para bailgaadd'ii| isI prakAra zaktyanusAra tapAdi na karane para upayogahIna lohe kI mazInarI ke samAna jaMga lagane se vinaash| ataH donoM kA samanvaya Avazyaka hai| yahA~ itanA vizeSa hai ki sAdhu ko bhojana meM, upavAsa meM, guhAdi-nivAsa sthAna meM (Avasaya = vastikA meM ) vihAra meM, zarIra ke parigraha meM, sahavartI muniyoM meM aura vikathAoM meM mamatvabhAva (Nibaddha) nahIM rakhanA caahie| sarvadA pramAdarahita honA cAhie kyoMki pramAdapUrvaka pravRtti se munipada kA bhaGga tathA hiMsAdi kA doSa hotA hai| jaisA ki kahA hai - bhatte vA khavaNe vA Avasadhe vA puNo vihAre vaa| uvadhimmi vA NibaddhaM Necchadi samaNammi vikdhmmi|| prava0 3.15 apayattA vA cariyA synnaasnntthaanncNkmaadiisu| samaNassa savvakAlaM hiMsA sA satatatti mdaa|| prava0 3.16 apavAdamArgI muni ke kamaNDalu Adi upakaraNa utsargamArgoM ke nahIM - deza aura kAla ke doSa se alpazakti hone para paramopekSArUpa saMyama-dhAraNa kI zakti na hone para AhAra-vihAra Adi kriyAoM ke lie saMyamapAlana meM sahAyaka apavAdamArga se grAhya sAdhu ke upakaraNa batalAte hue kahA hai (1) jo apratikruSTa (anindita hiMsAdi upAyoM se ajanya yA hiMsAdi ke ajanaka) hoM, (2) asaMyamI manuSya jise prApta na karanA cAhate hoM, (3) mamatva ke ajanaka hoM tathA (4) alpa hoN| isa siddhAntAnusAra digambara jaina muni ke upakaraNa nimna batalAe haiM-(1) zArIrika zuddhi ke lie eka kamaNDalu jo lakar3I kA banA ho; dhAtu yA carmAdi kA banA na ho, (2) jIvoM kA vighAta rokane ke lie eka mayUrapiccha, (3) upayoga kI sthiratA evaM jJAnavRddhi ke lie eka yA do shaastr| utsarga mArga se ye upakaraNa yadyapi parigraha haiM parantu alpazaktidhAraka muniyoM kA inake binA nirvAha nahIM ho sakatA hai| isalie AcArya kundakunda ne apavAda rUpa meM inake grahaNa kA vidhAna kiyA hai| sAdhu ko inameM mamatva nahIM honA caahie| ye saMkhyA meM na to adhika (ekAdhika) honA cAhie aura na saMyamavighAtaka honA caahie| yathArtha meM muni ke 4 upakaraNa haiM-(1) yathAjAtarUpa (nirgranthamudrA digambara mudrA), (2) guruvacana (tadanusAra pravRtti), (3) vinaya (guru vinaya) aura (4) shaastraadhyyn| ye cAroM hI zarIrAzrita haiM ataH parigraha rUpa haiM aura anta meM tyAjya bhI haiN| utsarga mArga meM inakI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| yadyapi utsargadharma vastudharma hai parantu vaha antimAvasthA = kaivalyAvasthA hai| yuktAhArI muni nirAhArI kaise ?-AkAMkSA aura kaSAyarahita muni ko yuktAhArI (yogya AhArI) honA caahie| yuktAhAra hai- (1) eka bAra bhojana (2) apUrNa udara bhojana (svalpAhAra), (3) yathAlabdha (jaisA bhI sarasa yA nIrasa mile vaisA) bhojana, (4) bhikSA-vatti se prApta bhojana, (5) rasa kI icchA se rahita bhojana tathA (6) madhumAMsAdi se rahita bhojn| jaisA ki kahA hai - ekkaM khalu taM bhattaM appaDipuNNodaraM jadhA lddhN| caraNaM bhikkheNa divA Na rasAvekkhaMNa mdhumNsN|| prava0 3.29 kevala zarIra rUpa parigraha se yukta parantu zarIra meM mamatva se rahita tathA zakti ko na chupAte hue tapAbhilASI eSaNA doSa se rahita nirdoSa anna kI bhikSA lene vAle muni AhAra grahaNa karate hue bhI nirAhArI haiM kyoMki usakA AtmA paradravya kA grahaNa na karane se nirAhAra svabhAvI haiM tathA eSaNAdoSazUnya bhikSA vAlA hai| jaisA ki amRtacandrAcArya ne pravacanasAra 3.27 gAthA kI TIkA meM kahA hai 'svayamanazanasvabhAvatvAdeSaNAdoSazUnyabhekSyatvAcca yuktAhAraH sAkSAdanAhAraH eva syAt / AO kundakunda ne bhI kahA hai - jassa aNesaNamappA taMpi tao tappaDicchagA smnnaa| aNNaM bhikkhamaNesaNamadha te samaNA annaahaaraa|| kevaladeho samaNo dehe Na mmettirhidprmmo| Autto taM tavasA aNigRhaM appaNo sattiM / / prava0 227-228 220

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isa vivecana se spaSTa hai ki mokSAbhilASI muni ko deza kAlAnurUpa tathA avasthAnusAra apanI zakti ko na chupAte hue utsarga aura apavAda mArga kA sApekSa bhAva se Azraya lenA caahie| yadyapi utsarga mArga ko vastusvabhAva kahA gayA hai parantu vaha kise kahA gayA hai ? isakA vicAra bhI Avazyaka hai| donoM kA samanvaya hI zreyaskara hai| apavAda mArga kA matalaba svecchAcAra yA zithilAcAra nahIM hai| ataH 'apanI zakti ko na chupAte hue tapAdi karanA cAhie aisA kahA gayA hai| zakti se na adhika aura na kama yahI tAtparya hai| mUlAcAra meM tathA uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM bhI deza-kAlAnurUpa dharmopadeza kA vidhAna hai| ahiMsA, saMyama aura ratnatraya kI prApti jaise ho vahI dharma hai, bAkI bAhya-kriyAyeM haiN| jo bAta AhAra ke sandarbha meM hai vahI vihArAdi ke sambandha meM bhI samajhanA caahie| syAdvAda-siddhAnta kabhI bhI ekAntavAda kA pratipAdana nahIM karatA hai| A0 kundakunda ne bhI deza-kAlAnurUpa utsarga-apavAda mArga ke samanvaya kA vivecana kiyA hai| jaina sAhitya meM zrI hanumAn mahAbalI hanumAn kI gaNanA jaina purANoM meM zalAkApuruSoM (prasiddha zreSTha mahApuruSoM) meM kI jAtI hai| zalAkApuruSoM kI saMkhyA adhikatama 169 hai-(24 tIrthaGkara, 12 cakravartI, 9 nArAyaNa, 9 balabhadra, 9 pratinArAyaNa, 24 kAmadeva, 24 tIrthakara pitA, 24 tIrthaGkara mAtA, 9 nArada, 11 rudra tathA 14 kulkr)| ye sabhI mahApuruSa (pratinArAyaNoM ko chor3akara) tadbhava mokSagAmI yA nikaTa bhaviSya (1-2 bhavoM) meM mokSagAmI bhavyajIva mAne jAte haiN| rudra aura nArada zIghra mokSagAmI nahIM mAne gae haiN| rAma kI gaNanA AThaveM balabhadra meM, lakSmaNa kI gaNanA AThaveM nArAyaNa meM, rAvaNa kI gaNanA AThaveM pratinArAyaNa meM tathA hanumAna kI gaNanA bIsaveM kAmadeva meM kI jAtI hai| pratyeka tIrthaGkara ke kAla meM eka kAmadeva hotA hai, jo apane rUpa, bala, vidyA Adi meM lokapriya hotA hai| hanumAn bIsaveM tIrthakara munisuvratanAtha ke samaya ke kAmadeva haiN| ataeva ve munisuvratanAtha ke ArAdhaka rahe haiN| zrI hanumAn vItarAgI evaM nyAyapriya puruSottama rAma ke ananya sahayogI rahe haiN| unakI kAryasiddhi ke lie unhoMne snehavaza guptacara kA bhI kAma karake sItA ke anveSaNa meM athaka sahayoga kiyA hai| hanumAn kA praveza rAmakathA meM kiSkindhA nagarI meM hotA hai, jahA~ sugrIva sahita aneka balavAn yoddhA sItA ko laGkA se vApisa lAne kI mantraNA kara rahe haiN| saba ora se durgama laGkAnagarI meM vidyA-balazAlI pavanaJjaya-nareza putra hanumAn hI praveza karane meM samartha haiM, aisA vicAra kara zrIbhUti nAmaka sandezavAhaka hanumAn ko lAne ke lie zrIpura bhejA jAtA hai| hanumAna rAma ke nyAyasaGgata kArya meM sahAyatA karane kiSkindhA Ate haiN| rAma, sugrIva Adi hanumAn kA bhavya svAgata-satkAra karate haiN| pazcAt sItAanveSaNArtha sasainya vimAna para ArUr3ha hokara durgama laGkAnagarI meM praveza karate haiN| laGkA meM pahu~cakara ve sarvaprathama vibhISaNa se milate haiM aura use rAvaNa ke duSkRtya ke lie upAlambha dete haiN| rAvaNa ko nyAyamArga kI bAta samajhAne ko parAmarza bhI dete haiN| vahA~ se calakara sItA jI kI vATikA meM pahu~cate haiN| hanumAn ke sudarzana vyaktitva se sItA jI Azvasta hotI hai tathA rAma-lakSmaNa kA kuzalakSema pUchatI haiN| vigata dasa dinoM se sItA jI nirAhAra thiiN| ataH hanumAn unheM Azvasta karake haThapUrvaka kucha phalAdika grahaNa karane hetu sahamata karate haiN| pazcAt hanumAn dvArA upavana naSTa-bhraSTa kiyA jAtA hai, hanumAna ko pakar3akara bA~dhA jAtA hai aura hanumAn dvArA laGkAdahana kiyA jAtA hai| yuddha meM zakti lagane para jaba lakSmaNa mUrcchita ho jAte haiM, to hanumAna saJjIvanI jar3I-bUTI vAle parvata ko lekara nahIM Ate, apitu vizalyA nAmaka strI cikitsikA ko sasammAna lAte haiN| hanumAn isa taraha rAma kI saba prakAra se sahAyatA karate haiN| ve rUpavAn aura tejasvI to the hI, sAtha hI saMyamI, dhairyavAn, vinamra, dRr3hapratijJa, prabhAvaka evaM jaina dharmAnuyAyI sadgRhastha bhI the| ___ eka dina apanI rAniyoM ke sAtha sumeru parvata kI vaMdanA ko jAte samaya rAtri meM ulkApAta dekhakara ve saMsAra se virakta ho jAte haiN| unakI A~khoM ke samakSa saMsAra kI asAratA kA citra dikhalAI dene lagatA hai| phalasvarUpa rAma kI taraha hanumAn bhI sAr3he sAta sau vidyAdharoM ke sAtha jainamuni kI dIkSA le lete haiN| pazcAt ghora tapazcaraNa karake karmabandhana ko zithila karate haiM aura mahArASTra prAnta ke tuGgIgirI se zarIra tyAgakara mokSa prApta karate haiN| pratyeka jaina nirvANakANDa ke nimna prAkRta padya ko par3hakara ananta siddha bhagavantoM kI arcanA karate hue rAma, sugrIva, gava, gavAkSa, nIla, mahAnIla ke sAtha hanumAn ko pratidina praNAma samarpita karate haiM - 221

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rAma-hanU-suggIo-gavaya-gavAkkho ya jiiy-mhnniilo| NavaNavadIkor3Io tuGgIgirI Nivvude vNde||8|| hanumAn ke chaH pUrvabhava aura unake janma kI ghttnaa| hanumAn apane pUrvabhava meM lAntava svarga meM deva the| vahA~ ke bhogoM ko bhogane ke bAda unhoMne isa manuSya loka meM janma liyaa| lAntava svarga ke deva se bhI pUrvavartI kramaza: bhava the-siMhavAhana rAjaputra, svarga meM deva, siMhacandra rAjaputra, svarga meM deva, damayanta rAjaputra / ye hanumAn ke cha: pUrvabhava haiN| inameM tIna svargaloka sambandhI haiM aura tIna manuSya loka smbndhii| vartamAna bhava meM hanumAna ke pitA the pavanaJjaya jo vijayArtha parvata ke dakSiNabhAga meM sthita Adityapura ke rAjA prahlAda tathA unakI dharmapatnI ketumatI rAnI ke putra the| pavanaJjaya dharmapriya rAjA the tathA unakA vivAha mahendrapura ke rAjA mahendra kI kanyA aJjanAsundarI se huA thA, parantu pApakarmodaya se 22 varSa taka donoM kA mela nahIM ho skaa| pavanaJjaya yadyapi aJjanA ke saundarya para mugdha the, kintu aJjanA kI sakhi dvArA apanI nindA sunakara aJjanA se ruSTa ho jAte haiM aura vivAha ho jAne para bhI usake pAsa nahIM jAte haiN| pavanaJjaya kI isa kaThoratA aura aJjanA kI sahanazIlatA ko dekhakara sabhI Azcarya karate haiN| eka samaya yuddha meM rAvaNa kI sahAyatArtha pavanaJjaya yuddha kSetra meM jAte haiN| nadI taTa para sainya zivira ThaharatA hai| vahA~ cakavA ke viyoga meM cakavI ke asahya vilApa ko dekhakara pavanaJjaya ko aJjanA kI smRti ho jAtI hai| ve socane lagate haiM ke rAtri ke viyoga meM cakavI kI yadi yaha pIr3A hai to nirdoSa aJjanA kI kyA sthiti hogii|' basa kyA thA, senA ko vahIM chor3a, rAtri meM hI aJjanA ke pAsa pahu~ca jAte haiN| rAtri vizrAma ke bAda pavanaJjaya prabhAta hone se pUrva hI binA kisI se kucha kahe-sune senA ke zivira meM vApisa cale jAte haiN| idhara pati milana ke phalasvarUpa aJjanA garbhavatI ho jAtI hai| jaba garbha ke lakSaNa prakaTa hote haiM to use kalaGkinI samajha ghara se bAhara nikAla diyA jAtA hai| dara-dara bhaTakatI huI aJjanA nirjana vana kI eka guphA meM virAjamAna digambara vItarAgI muni ke pAsa pahu~catI hai| unake mukha se tadbhava mokSagAmI kAmadeva hanumAn ko garbha meM jAnakara aJjanA prasanna hotI hai tathA zubha muhUrta meM eka putra ko janma detI hai| isI samaya AkAzamArga se jAte hue rAjA pratisUrya jaba nArI kI cItkAra sunate haiM to apane vimAna ko nIce utArate haiN| paraspara paricaya se jJAta hotA hai ki rAjA pratisUrya aJjanA ke mAmA haiN| mAmA ke anurodha para aJjanA putra ke sAtha vimAna para baiThakara jaba AkAzamArga se mAmA ke ghara hanurUha dvIpa jA rahI hotI hai, tabhI putra hanumAn bAlacAJcalya ke kAraNa vimAna se nIce eka vizAla zilA para gira par3ate haiM, parantu hanumAn ko jarA bhI coTa nahIM lagatI hai, apitu jisa zilA para ve girate haiM vaha zilA cakanAcUra ho jAtI hai aura putra eka zilAkhaNDa para sukhapUrvaka khelane lagate haiN| pazcAt aJjanA sahita sabhI hanurUha dvIpa jAte haiN| hanurUha dvIpa pahu~cakara bAlaka kA janmotsava bar3e dhUmadhAma se manAyA jAtA hai aura usake saMskAra kie jAte haiN| idhara yuddha meM vijayaprApti ke bAda jaba pavanaJjaya ghara vApisa Ate haiM to aJjanA ke mRSA apavAda kI ghaTanA ko jAnakara bahuta dukhI hote haiM tathA unmatta kI taraha jaMgaloM meM bhaTakate hue eka dina hanurUha dvIpa pahu~cate haiN| puNyodaya se apanI patnI aJjanA aura putra hanumAn ko pAkara atIva prasanna hote haiM, pazcAt donoM ko sAtha lekara Adityapura A jAte haiN| hanumAn nAmakaraNa kA hetu hanurUha dvIpa meM janma-saMskAra kI kriyAyeM hone se inakA nAma 'hanumAn' rakhA jAtA hai tathA zilA ko cUrNa-cUrNa karane ke kAraNa 'zrIzaila' nAma prasiddha hotA hai| pavanaJjaya ke aurasa putra hone se 'pavanasuta' tathA aJjanAputra hone se 'AMjaneya' bhI prasiddhi ko prApta hote haiN| isa kathAnaka se yaha bhI siddha hai ki ye vidyAdhara jAti ke manuSya the bandara nhiiN| ye aJjanA aura pavanaJjaya ke aurasa putra the, vAyu devatA se inakI utpatti nahIM huI thii| vAnaravaMza nAmakaraNa kA hetu svayambhUdeva ke paumacariu meM varNana AtA hai ki ayodhyA ke sagara cakravartI rAjA ne apane putra bhagIratha ko rAjya sauMpakara dIkSA le lii| sagara ke bAda 64vIM pIr3hI meM kIrtidhavala ayodhyA ke rAjA bne| eka bAra unakA sAlA zrIkaNTha sapatnIka unake yahA~ aayaa| kIrtidhavala ne prasanna hokara use vAnaradvIpa upahArasvarUpa diyaa| zrIkaNTha ne pahAr3I para kiSkapura bsaayaa| pazcAt vahA~ ke rAjA amaraprabha hue| unhoMne laGkA kI rAjakumArI se vivAha kiyaa| navavadhU jaba sasurAla 222

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AI to vaha A~gana meM bandaroM ke sajIva citra dekhakara bhayabhIta ho gii| phalasvarUpa rAjA amaraprabha citrakAra para nArAja hue| jaba rAjA ko mantriyoM ne batalAyA ki unake parivAra kA bandaroM se purAnA sambandha haiM, use tor3anA ucita nahIM hai, taba rAjA ne 'vAnara' ko apanA rAjacihna banA diyaa| isa taraha dhvajA para rAjacihna vAnara hone se ye vAnaravaMzI kahalAe, pazujAti ke nhiiN| mokSaprApti eka dina hanumAn apanI rAniyoM ke sAtha sumeru parvata kI vandanA ko jAte samaya rAtri meM ulkApAta dekhakara saMsAra se virakta ho jAte haiN| unakA A~khoM ke samakSa saMsAra kI asAratA kA citra dikhalAI dene lagatA hai| phalasvarUpa rAma kI taraha hanumAn bhI apane sAr3he sAta sau anuyAyiyoM ke sAtha digambara jaina muni kI dIkSA le lete haiN| pazcAt ghora tapazcaraNa karake karmabandhana ko zithila karate haiM aura mahArASTra prAnta ke tuGgIgirI se zarIra tyAgakara mokSa prApta karate haiN| jaina paramparAnusAra jo vyakti mokSa prApta kara letA hai, use 'siddha' kahate haiN| aise siddha bhagavAn pUjya ho jAte haiN| Aja pratyeka jaina nirvANakANDa ke padya ko par3hakara, jisakA ullekha isa lekha meM pUrva meM kiyA jA cukA hai, ananta siddha bhagavantoM kI arcanA karate hue rAma, sugrIva, gava, gavAkSa, nIla, mahAnIla Adi ke sAtha hanumAn ko namaskAra samarpita karate hue arghya car3hAte haiN| isa taraha jaina kathA-sAhitya meM hanumAn kA ujjvala caritra aGkita hai| rUpa-saundarya ke kAraNa inakI gaNanA kAmadevoM kI jAtI hai| mokSagAmI zreSTha puruSoM kI taraha Apake suDola evaM baliSTha zarIra kI saMracanA prazasta (samacaturasrasaMsthAna aura vajravRSabhanArAcasaMhanana vAlI) thii| inakI vizeSatAe~ thIM1. ye vidyAdhara jAti ke manuSya the, bandara nhiiN| bandara inakA rAjacihna thaa| 2 lAMgala inakA pAza (zastra) thA, pU~cha nhiiN| 3. pavanaJjaya rAjA aura aJjanA sundarI kI aurasa santAna the, na ki vAyudevatA se inakI utpatti huI thii| 4. janmakAla ke samaya ye vimAna se nIce gira gae the, jisase zilA cakanAcUra ho gaI thI, inheM coTa nahIM AI thii| indra ne ina para vajra prahAra nahIM kiyA thaa|" 5. sugrIva ke adhIna nahIM the, apitu zrIpura ke svatantra rAjA the|12 6. vizalyA nAmaka strIcikitsikA ko sasammAna lAe the, na ki saJjIvanI prApti ke lie parvata uThAkara lAe the| 7. ye vipula senA ke sAtha sItA anveSaNa ke lie AkAzagAmI vimAna meM baiThakara durgama laGkA meM gae the, na ki AkAza meM ur3ate hue| 8. pairoM se laGkA ko dhvasta kiyA thaa| 4 9. sUrya ko phala samajhakara use khAne kI ghaTanA nahIM hai| 10. hanuruha dvIpa meM janma saMskAra hone se hanumAn nAma rakhA gayA thaa| pavanaJjaya putra hone se pavanasuta tathA zilA cakanAcUra karane kI ghaTanA se zrIzaila kahalAte haiN| 11. rAvaNa ke sAtha pArivArika sambandha the| varuNa yuddha meM unakI sahAyatA kI thI jisase prasanna hokara rAvaNa ne apanI bahina candranakhA kI kanyA anaGgapuSpA se vivAha karAyA thA parantu sItA-apaharaNa se nArAja hokara rAma kI sahAyatA kii| 12 hanumAn kI aneka rAniyA~ thI", parantu bAda meM brahmacArI banakara ghora tapasyA kI aura paramapada (mokSa) prApta kiyaa| 13. digambara jaina dharma ke anunAyI the| 14. rAvaNa ke yahA~ rahate samaya satI sItA ne apane upavAsa vrata ko hanumAna ke anurodha para tor3A thaa| 15. laGkA jAkara sarvaprathama vibhISaNa se samparka karate haiM aura rAvaNa ko nIti kI salAha dene kI preraNA dete haiN| 16. bIsaveM tIrthaGkara munisuvratanAtha ke kAla meM utpanna bIsaveM kAmadeva haiN| sandarbha sUcI 1. tiloyapaNNatti 4.1472-1673 2. tiloyapaNNanti 4.1470, 1440-1442, trilokasAra 835, 841, harivaMzapurANa 60.547 3. padmapurANa 223

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4. padmapurANa 111.44-45, 112.76 5. padmapurANa 17.142-148, 151, 152, 154, 162, 307 6. pure haniruhe yasmAjjAtaH saMskAramAptavAn / hanUmAniti tenAgAtprasiddhiM sa mhiitle| pa.pu.17.403 / / cUrNitazca tataH zailastenAsau ptnaattdaa| zrIzaila iti tenAsAvasmAbhirvismitaiH stutaH / / pa.pu. 18.122 // 7. vAlmIki rAmAyaNa ke anusAra brahmA kA nirdeza pAkara aneka devatAoM ne apsarAoM, yakSiNiyoM, nAgakanyAoM, kinnariyoM, vidyAdhariyoM, vAnariyoM Adi ke sAtha sambhoga karake hajAroM putra utpanna kie| jaise brahmA se jAmavAn, sUrya se sugrIva, vizvakarmA se nala, agni se nIla, vAyu se hnumaan| jaina kathAnusAra devatAoM se vAnaravaMziyoM kI utpatti nahIM huii| brahmA, indra Adi devatA nahIM the, apitu tattat nAmadhArI manuSya the| vAnara nAma se eka mAnava jAti thii| jina vidyAdhara rAjAoM kA rAjacihna vAnara thA ve vAnaravaMzI kahalAte the / pa. pu. 6.214, 84 87, 107-122 162-191, 182, 214 8. dekheM, nirvANakANDa 8 9. kaJcillAMgalapAzena vidyaarcitmuurtinaa| pa. pu. 19.54 10. pa. pu. 16.166-213 11. pa. pu. 17.391 12. pa. pu. 49.1-3 13. pa. pu. 49.113-116 14. pa. pu. 53.202-204; 263-266 15. dekheM, Ti06 16. kailAsakampo'pi sametya laGkAM vidhAya smmaanmtiprdhaanm| mahAprabhAM candramakhAtanUjAM dadau samIraprabhavAya knyaam|| 101 17. vivAha sambandhoM ke lie dekheM, pa. pu. 19.102 parva 19 mahAvIra kI dRSTi meM jAti, veSa, liGga Adi kA kitanA mahattva? saba prakAra ke karmabandhanoM se chuTakArA pAkara AtmA kA apane zuddhasvarUpa meM pratiSThita hone kA nAma 'nirvANa', 'mokSa' yA 'mukti' hai| isIlie ise 'Atmavasati' bhI kahA gayA hai| isa avasthA kI prApti meM AtmabAhya jAti (varNa), veSa, liGga, vaya aura saGgha Adi (zarIra Adi) kA kitanA mahattva hai ? isa para vicAra karane se jJAta hotA hai ki jAti Adi bAhya avasthAe~ karmajanita (nAma, gotra aura Ayu karma ke prabhAva se utpanna) haiN| ata: nirvANa lAbha kI dRSTi se nizcayanaya se inakA koI mahattva nahIM hai| vyavahAranaya se kathaJcit mahattva hai| itanA avazya hai ki uttama jAti, veSa, liGga Adi nirvANalAbha ke lie sahAyaka haiM, anivArya nizciyanaya se nhiiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne pratyeka jIvAtmA meM paramAtmA kA darzana kiyaa| jAti Adi ke bheda se usameM jo bheda dikhalAI diyA, use aupAdhika bheda yA bAhyabheda yA vyAvahArika bheda ke nAma se abhihita kiyaa| yaha aupAdhika bheda paramArtha ke prati akiJcitkara hai| ataH AgamagranthoM meM bAhya liGga Adi kI apekSA Abhyantarika zuddhi para vizeSa jora diyA gayA hai aura Abhyantarika zuddhi ke abhAva meM bAhyazuddhi kI nindA karate hue use ni:sAra batalAyA hai| bAhyaliGgAdi mAtra to bAhyarUpAdi ke paricAyaka haiM, kAryasAdhaka nhiiN| jAti (varNa) uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM janmanA jAtivAda kA khaNDana karate hue spaSTa kahA hai - karma se brAhmaNa, karma se kSatriya, karma se vaizya aura karma se hI jIva zUdra hotA hai| koI jAti vizeSa nahIM hai| kevala sira muDAne se zramaNa, oMkAra kA jApa karane se brAhmaNa, jaMgala meM rahane se muni aura kuzA Adi dhAraNa karane se tapasvI nahIM ho jAtA; apitu samatA se zramaNa, brahmacarya se brAhmaNa, jJAna se muni aura tapa karane se tapasvI hotA hai| isI taraha AdipurANa meM bhI kahA hai-jAtinAmakarma 224

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ke udaya se utpanna huI manuSyajAti eka hai, yadi usake cAra bheda mAne jAte haiM to vaha kevala vyavahAra se AjIvikA ke kaarnn| jaise-vrata svIkAra karane se brAhmaNa, AjIvikA ke lie zastradhAraNa karane se kSatriya, nyAyapUrvaka arthopArjana karane se vaizya aura sevAvRtti svIkAra karane se shuudr| padmacarita meM AcArya ravisena ne kahA hai - 'vratoM meM sthita cANDAla ko devagaNa brAhmaNa jAnate haiN|' harikezabala muni ne zUdra hokara bhI jainajagat meM bar3I khyAti prApta kI thii| sAgAradharmAmRta meM paM0 AzAdharajI ne likhA hai-"upakaraNa, AcAra aura zarIra kI pavitratA se yukta zUdra bhI brAhmaNa, kSatriya aura vaizya ke samAna jainadharma dhAraNa karane kA adhikArI hai, kyoMki jAti se hIna bhI AtmA kAlAdi labdhi ke Ane para zrAvakadharma kI ArAdhanA karane vAlA hotA hai| isa taraha ke aneka ullekha jaina" tathA ajaina granthoM meM mileMge jinase spaSTa hai ki jAti 'nirvANa' prApti meM pratibandhaka nahIM hai| yadi brAhmaNa jaghanya kAryoM ko karatA hai to vaha saccA brAhmaNa nahIM hai aura nindyakArya karane vAlA sAdhu saccA sAdhu nahIM hai kyoMki bAhyazuddhi kI apekSA antaraGga kI zuddhi evaM satkAryoM se hI vyakti mahAn hotA hai| acchI jAti meM janma hone se jAtigata acche saMskAra paidA hote haiM, jisase vyakti nirvANa kI ora drutagati se bar3ha sakatA hai| nirvANa lAbha usI bhava meM na bhI mile parantu usa mArga para calakara agale bhavoM meM prApta kara sakatA hai| aisA hI veSa Adi ke viSaya meM jAnanA caahie| veSa - uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke kezi-gautamIya saMvAda meM isa sandarbha meM spaSTa kahA hai - 'vijJAna se jAna kara dharma-sAdhanabhUta upakaraNoM kI AjJA dI jAtI hai, bAhyaliGga (cihna, veSa Adi) to loka meM mAtra pratIti karAte haiM ki amuka sAdhu hai, parantu mokSa ke prati sadbhUta sAdhana to jJAna, darzana aura cAritra hI haiN| isI tathya ko dhyAna meM rakhakara bhagavAna mahAvIra ne bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke dvArA upadiSTa sAdhu ke vastrasambandhI vidhAna meM parivartana kiyaa| mokSArthI cAhe 'sacela' ho yA 'acela' pItavastradhArI ho yA zvetavastradhArI isase nirvANa-prApti meM pratibandhakatA nahIM AtI hai| yadi mokSArthI jala se bhinna kamala kI taraha nirvikArabhAva se vastrAdi dhAraNa karatA hai to, nahIM dhAraNa kie hue kI taraha hai aura yadi vastrAdi ke prati Asakta hai, mUrchAvAn hai to vastradhAraNa na karake bhI vastradhArI ke tulya hai / hA~ ! itanA avazya hai ki veSa yadi vikAra paidA na karane vAlA ho to vaha nirvANaprApti meM adhika sahAyaka hotA hai| digambara paramparA meM muni ko nagnaveza Avazyaka hai| liGga digambara-paramparA meM sAkSAta mukti kA adhikArI kevala puruSa ko hI batalAyA gayA hai| jabaki zvetAmbara-paramparA meM aisA koI pratibandha nahIM hai| aisA bheda hone para bhI digambara-paramparA meM strI ko dIkSA lene kI adhikAriNI batalAyA gayA hai, jisase usake lie bhI janmAntara meM mukti kA dvAra khula jAtA hai / vastutaH muktiprApti ke samaya to vyakti nirveda (puruSa, strI tathA napuMsaka ke veda se rahita) hotA hai| rAjImatI Adi udAtta caritravAlI nAriyoM ke jaina sAhitya meM vipula pramANa haiN| jinhoMne svayaM ke lie to mukti kA patha kholA hI, sAtha hI bhaTake hue puruSoM ko bhI mukti kI ora agrasara kiyaa| vaya avasthA bhI mukti ke lie pratibandhaka nahIM hai| zAstroM meM itanA avazya hai ki 8 varSa kI umra ke bAda manuSya dIkSA le sakatA hai| usake pazcAt eka varSa kI avadhi bItane para zuklalezyA kA adhikArI hotA hai| isase pramANita hotA hai ki isa avasthA taka vyakti kI dharmArAdhanA meM sahAyaka zArIrika zaktiyA~ karma ke prabhAva se pUrNa vikasita nahIM ho pAtI haiN| mukti kA dvAra to sarvadA sabhI ke lie khulA rahatA hai| gajasukumAra, atimuktaka, Adi bAlyavaya meM, bhRgupurohita ke donoM putra, anAthI, mRgAputra Adi yuvAvasthA meM, bhRgupurohita, usakI patnI, iSukAra rAjA tathA usakI patnI Adi yuvAvasthA ke bAda dIkSA lete haiN| ariSTanemi aura rAjImatI vivAha kI maGgalavelA meM dIkSA le kara nirvANalAbha karate haiN| digambara paramparA meM rAjImatI ke tadbhava nirvANa kI bAta nahIM hai| saGgha saGgha kaI taraha ke hote haiN| jaise-jainasaGgha, sAdhusaGgha, sAdhvIsaGgha, zrAvakasaGgha zravikA saGgha, digambarasaGgha zvetAmbarasaGgha aadi| jAti, veSa Adi kI taraha hI saGgha kI bhI sthiti hai| itanA avazya hai ki satsaGgha hone se Atmazodhana kA adhika avasara milatA hai aura asatsaGgha hone se Atmazodhana kI saMbhAvanAe~ kama hotI haiN| ataH sarvatra satsaGgati kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| parantu isakA yaha tAtparya nahIM hai ki satsaGga ke na milane para mukti nahIM milegii| yaha 225

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20 108 10 to AtmA ke apane pariNAmoM para nirbhara hai| zvetAmbaroM ke uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM eka samaya meM mukta hone vAle jIvoM kI gaNanA ke prasaGga meM vibhinna sthAnoM, vibhinna dharmAvalambiyoM evaM vibhinna liGgavAloM kI pRthak pRthak saMkhyA ginAI gaI hai / jaisemukta honevAle jIva adhikatama saMkhyA mukta honevAle jIva adhikatama saMkhyA puruSa 108 zarIra kI sabase kama avagAhanA vAle strI madhyama avagAhanA napuMsaka Urdhvaloka se jainasAdhu (svaliGgI) 108 madhyaloka se ajainasAdhu (anyaliGgI) adholoka se gRhastha 4 nadI Adi jalAzayoM se zarIra kI sarvAdhika avagAhanA vAle 2 samudra se yahA~ saMkhyA kI hInAdhikatA se itanA suspaSTa hotA hai ki kinameM kSamatA adhika hai aura kinameM kama, kinheM Atmazodhana ke avasara adhika haiM aura kinheM km| UrdhvalokAdi se mukti vidyAdharoM ke dvArA apaharaNa karane kI sthiti meM banatI hai| upasaMhAra ina sabhI tathyoM para dRSTipAta karane se jJAta hotA hai ki sadAcAra-pAlana karane kI sAmarthya vAlA pratyeka vyakti jo saMsAra ke viSayoM se virakta hokara mukti kI abhilASA rakhatA hai; cAhe vaha kisI bhI jAti, liGga, vaya kA kyoM na ho, nirvANaprApti kA adhikArI hai| saMsAra ke viSaya bhogoM meM Asakta vyakti zreSTha jAti tathA kula meM utpanna hokara bhI mukti ke ayogya hai| jaise-brahmadatta ckrvrtii| kulakramAgata saMskAroM ke kAraNa nimnajAti meM utpanna hone para dharma-sAdhanA ke avasara prAyaH nahIM mila pAte haiM; jabaki uccajAti meM prAyaH sulabha hote haiN| isa taraha mukti ke prati karmajanita jAti Adi ke akiJcitkara hone athavA Avazyaka aGga na hone para bhI itanA avazya mAnanA par3egA ki uccajAti Adi nirvANalAbha kI dRSTi se sahAyaka avazya haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM nizcayanaya se jAti Adi kA koI mahattva nahIM hai; parantu vyavahAranaya se mahattva hai| anyathA 'pratyeka AtmA paramAtmA hai, yaha siddhAnta ThIka se pallavita na ho skegaa| strI Adi kI mukti kA samAdhAna janmAntara se saMbhava hai| sandarbha sUcI - 1. appaNo vasahi ve| uttarAdhyayana sUtra 14-48 2. vedAnta darzana meM bhI pratyeka AtmA paramAtmA hai; parantu vahA~ eka brahma hI vivartAkAra nAnA rUpoM meM dikhalAI par3atA hai| vahA~ muktAvasthA meM jIvAtmA kI paramAtmA ( brahma ) se bhinna sthiti nahIM rahatI hai, jabaki jainadharma meM jIvAtmA kI paramAtmA se svatantra ikAI hai, jo muktAvasthA meM bhI barAbara banI rahatI hai| 3. jaM maggahA bahiriyaM visohi na taM suiTTha kusalA byNti| 30.12-38 / tathA dekhie merA zodha-prabandha uttarAdhyayana sUtra-eka parizIlana, pR0 238-239 4. kammuNo bambhaNo hoi, kammuNA hoi khttio|| vaIso kammuNA hoi, suddo havai kammuNA / u0 25/33 5. na dIsaI jAivisesa koi| 3 12/37 6. na vi muMDieNa samaNo na oMkAreNa bNbhnno| na muNI raNNavAseNa kusacIreNa na taavso|| samayAe samaNo hoi baMbhacereNa bNbhnno| nANeNa ya muNI hoi taveNa hoi taavso| u015/31-32 7. brAhmaNA vratasaMskArAt kSatriyAH shstrdhaarnnaat| vaNijo'rthArjanAnyAyAcchUdrA nyagvRttisaMzrayAt / / 38/46 8. vratasthamapi cANDAlaM taM devA brAhmaNaM viduH| 11/20 226

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9. uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 12 10. zUdro'pyupaskArAcAravapuH zuddhyA'stu taadRshH| jAtyA hIno'pi kAlAdilabdhau hyAtmAsti dharmabhAk / / 2.22 11. varAMgacarita (jaTAsiMha naMdi) 25/11, uttarapurANa (guNabhadra) 74/488-495 12. Apastamba dharmasUtra / gItA (cAtuvayaM mayA sRSTaM guNakarmavibhAgazaH) zAntiparva 189,4,5 13. vinANeNa samAgamma dhammasAhaNamicchiyaM / u0 23.31 paccayatthaM ca logahasaNa nANavihavigappaNaM / jattathaM gahaNatthaM ca loge liMgapaoyaNaM / 30 23.32 14. acelago ya jo dhammo jo imo sNtruttro| desio bRddhamANeNa pAseNa ya mhaajsaa|| 30 23-29 15. bhuGkate na kevalI na strI mokSameti digambaraH / / prAhureSAmayaM bhedo mahAn zvetAmbaraiH saha / / -jinadattasUri 16. uttarAdhyayana sUtra 36.49-54 tIrthaGkara cihna : eka anucintana jaina tIrthaGkaroM kI mUrtiyoM (pratimAoM) para utkIrNa cihnoM se jJAta hotA hai ki amuka mUrti kisa tIrthaGkara kI hai| yadi tIrthaGkara mUrtiyoM para pRthak-pRthak cihna na hote to unheM pRthak-pRthak tIrthaGkara ke rUpa meM pahacAnanA sambhava na hotA, kyoMki na to kisI jaina tIrthaGkara kI mukhAkRti jJAta hai aura na unakI koI vezabhUSAdi hai| sabhI pratimAyeM manuSyAkRti meM bItarAgatA ko liye hue dhyAna kI mudrA meM sthApita haiN| digambara pratimAyeM to pUrNa nagnAvasthA meM hai yadyapi zvetAmbara pratimAyeM vastra aura alaGkAroM se alaGkRta kI jAtI haiN| parantu ye alaGkaraNa tIrthaGkaroM kI pahacAna meM kAraNa nahIM haiM kyoMki ye alaGkaraNa hindU devI-devatAoM kI taraha pRthak-pRthak vAhana yA zastra vizeSa ke rUpa meM nahIM haiN| prAcIna paramparA mUrti pUjA jitanI prAcIna hai utanI cihna-paramparA prAcIna nahIM hai| prArambha meM tIrthaGkara pratimAoM para pRthak-pRthak cihna banAne kI paramparA nahIM thI apitu una para utkIrNa lekhoM se hI unakI pahacAna hotI thii| mathurA kI kuSANakAlIna (I. pU. prathama zatAbdI se I. prathama zatAbdI) pratimAoM para tIrthaGkara-cihna nahIM milate haiN| mahAvIra nirvANa ke 600-700 varSa bAda taka mAtra arhanta kI pratimAyeM banatI rhiiN| cihna sahita tIrthaGkara kI sarva prAcIna pratimA sambhavataH rAjagRha ke vaibhAra parvata para sthita tIrthaGkara neminAtha kI hai, jo candragupta vikramAditya (cauthI zatAbdI) ke samaya kI jAna par3atI hai| isase pUrva kI pratimAoM para tIrthaGkara-cihna nahIM dikhalAI dete haiN| sAmAnya kevalI (tIrthaGkara bhinna arhanta) kI mUrti meM koI cihna nahIM banAyA jAtA apitu mUrti ke adhobhAga meM kevalI kA nAma likha diyA jAtA hai usI se usakI pahacAna hotI hai| sAmAnya kevaliyoM meM bAhubalI, jambUsvAmI, bharata, naGga, anaGga, rAma Adi Ate haiM inameM bAhubalI kI pratimA kA adhika pracalana hai jo apane vizeSa svarUpa (latAoM se veSTita zarIra) se bhI pahacAnI jAtI haiN| AdinAtha, supArzvanAtha aura pArzvanAtha kI pratimAyeM bhI apane vizeSa svarUpa se pahacAnI jAtI hai| parantu kabhI-kabhI inameM bhrama bhI ho jAtA hai kyoMki kucha pratimAoM meM sambhavataH zilpakAra Adi kI ajJAnatA yA bhAvanAoM aura kalpanAoM ke mizraNa ke kAraNa vilakSaNatA bhI dekhane ko milatI hai| cihnAGkana ke hetu - vasubindu (jayasena) ne tIrthaGkara cihnoM ke hetu ko batalAte hue kahA hai 'sukhapUrvaka pahacAnane ke lie tathA acetana pratimA meM saMvyabahArasiddhi ke lie tIrthaGkaroM meM cihna banAe gae haiN| paurANika kathAnusAra tIrthaGkaroM ke janmakalyANaka ke samaya saudharma indra tIrthaGkaroM ko sumeru parvata para le jAtA hai aura vahA~ unakA abhiSeka karatA hai| isI samaya indra tIrthaGkara ke dAhine paira ke aMgUThe para jo cihna dekhatA hai use hI vaha usa tIrthaGkara kA cihna ghoSita karatA hai - jammaNakAle jassa du dAhiNa pAyammi hoi jo cinnhN| 227

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taM lakkhaNa pAuntaM Agamasuttesu jiNadehaM / / videha kSetrastha tIrthaGkaroM ke garbha janma kalyANaka nahIM hote (prAyaH antima tIna kalyANaka - tapa, jJAna aura mokSa hote) haiN| ata: unake janma kalyANaka ke abhAva meM isa paurANika hetu kA khaNDana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| eka pakSa yaha bhI hai ki tIrthaGkaroM ke cihna ke pIche unake pUrva bhava yA vartamAna bhava kI koI ghaTanA kAraNa hai| jaise prathama tIrthaGkara AdinAtha (RSabhadeva) ne prathamatayA kRSi kI zikSA dI thI aura kRSi meM bailoM kI sahAyatA lI jAtI thii| ata: khetI ke liye bailoM kI surakSA sUcita karane lie unakA cihna baila mAna liyA gyaa| dharaNendra aura padmAvatI pUrva bhava meM sarpa-sapaNI the unakI prANa rakSArtha bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ne prayatna kiyA tathA mRtyu samaya unheM dharmopadeza diyA jisake phalasvarUpa ve donoM svarga meM dharaNendra tathA padmAvatI hue| jaba pArzvanAtha para kamaTha ke jIva ne upasarga kiyA to dharaNendra-padmAvatI ne sarpaphaNAvali banAkara unakI surakSA kii| isalie inakA cihna sarpa mAna liyA gyaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra apane pUrva bhava meM siMha ke rUpa meM the| ata: unako cihna siMha svIkAra kara liyA gyaa| isI taraha anya tIrthaGkaroM ke cihnoM ke sambandha meM bhI khoja kI jA sakatI hai| parantu yaha vicAradhArA prAmANika nahIM lgtii| tIrthaGkara cihnoM ke hetu ke rUpa meM Aja do anya hetuoM ko bhI prastuta kiyA jAtA hai-(1) ina cihnoM ke dvArA jIva-dayA, zAnti,vIta rAgatA Adi kA sandeza diyA gayA hai| (2) prakRti ke sAtha mAnava jIvana ko jor3akara paryAvaraNasaMrakSaNa kA sandeza diyA gayA hai| isa taraha tIrthaGkara cihnoM ke ina pA~ca kAraNoM meM se paurANika kAraNa kA hama na to khaNDana kara sakate haiM aura na maNDana kyoMki yaha zraddhA kA viSaya hai| sukhapUrvaka pahacAna tathA acetana meM saMvyavahAra siddhi ke rUpa meM jo hetu vasuvindu ne prastuta kiyA hai vaha yuktisaGgata lagatA hai| sambhava hai, isameM anya tIna prayojanoM ko bhI dRSTi meM rakhA gayA ho| tIrthaGkaracihnoM ke nirdhAraNArtha koI samiti huI ho aisA koI ullekha nahIM milatA hai| paurANika kAraNa se bhinna yadi koI kAraNa rahA hogA to nizcaya hI koI samiti kA Ayojana huA hogA, anyathA sarvatra cihna nirdhAraNa meM ekarUpatA kaise aatii| cihna nirdhAraNa karate samaya isa bAta kA dhyAna rakhA gayA hogA ki jana sAdhAraNa tIrthaGkaroM aura cihnoM ko AsAnI se samajha sake tathA unase koI sandeza prApta kara ske| Ajakala ke rAjanaitika pArTiyoM ke cunAva cihnoM meM bhI kucha isI prakAra kA upakrama dekhA jAtA hai| tIrthaGkara cihna tAlikAtiloyapaNNatti Adi granthoM meM digambara aura zvetAmbara mAnyatAnusAra jo tIrthaGkara cihna milate haiM, unakI tAlikA nimna haikrama tIrthaGkara digambara paramparA zvetAmbara paramparA vivaraNa 1. AdinAtha (RSabhadeva) vRSabha (baila) vRSabha (AdinAtha ke mastaka aura kandhoM para jaTAe~ bhI kahIMkahIM milatI haiM) khetI ke sAdhana kA pratinidhi / goindriyakula svAmI vRSabha (gopati) jo jitendriyatA, bhadratA, saralatA aura apramattatA kA pratIka hai| 2. ajitanAtha gaja (hAthI) hAthI mRtyu ko mahotsava kI taraha varaNa karatA hai| aisI mRtyu (sallekhanA) bhAgyazAliyoM ko prApta hotI haiN| yaha viveka, parAkrama, sAhasa, sahiSNutA, saMvedanazIlatA kA pratIka hai| saMbhavanAtha azva (ghor3A) azva manarUpI ghor3e kA saMyama / svAmibhakti = Atmadarzana tathA zakti kA prtiik| abhinandananAtha vAnara (bandara) vAnara DArvina ke mata se bandara manuSyoM kA pUrvaja hai| vAnara jaisI caMcalatA ko chor3akara sthitiprajJa banane kA sndesh| sumatinAtha cakravAka (cakavA) krauJca (kurara) cakavA eka jalIya pakSI hai, jo rAtri meM apane jor3e se bichur3a jAtA (cakabA-kurara) hai| yaha svAnubhUti kA pratIka hai tathA ajJAna se prakAza kA dyotaka hai| kurara pakSI akiJcanatA aura karuNA kA pratIka hai| 6. padmaprabha kokanada (lAlakamala) lAlakamala tAmra varNa kA kml| anAsakti, nirliptatA, karuNA, gaurava, mahattA tathA saubhAgya kA pratIka hai| 3. 3. saMbhavanAtha 228

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7. supArzvanAtha 7. supArzvanAtha 8. candraprabha candraprabha arddha candra candra puSpadanta (suvidhinAtha) zItalanAtha 11. zreyAMsanAtha 12. vAsupUjya mahiSa 13. vimalanAtha 14. anantanAtha nandyAvarta yA sAthiyA svastika(sAthiyA) nandyAvarta vaha bhavana jisameM pazcima kI ora dvAra na ho| yaha parama Ananda kI upalabdhi kA mArga hai tathA udaya kA pratIka hai| svastika (su-asti-bhalA honA) eka dUsare ko kATatI huI do rekhAyeM janma-maraNa kI tathA usake cAroM siroM se prArambha hokara ghUmatI rekhAyeM caturgati kI pratIka haiN| bhavabhramaNa ke sAtha yaha maGgalakAmanA kA bhI pratIka hai| hinduoM ke vighna-vinAzaka gaNeza devatA kA lipyAtmaka rUpa svastika hI hai| supArzvanAtha ke zirobhAga para 5 phaNoM kI paMkti bhI milatI hai| arddha candra ardhacandra vikAsonmukhatA kA tathA candramA zItalatA kA pratIka hai| makara (magara) makara zvetAmbara paramparA meM suvidhinAtha nAma adhika pracalita hai| makara se makaradhvaja (kAmadeva) kA bhI bodha hotA hai| yaha viSaya vAsanA kA pratIka hai jisase vacanA caahie| svastika (sAthiyA) zrIvatsa zrIvatsa vakSasthala para utkIrNa kamalAkAra cihna hai| yaha paramajyoti kA pratIka hai| khaGgI (gaiMDA) gaiMDA gaiMDA eka zAkAhArI ekadanta pazu hai jisakI thUthana para karIba eka phuTa lambI khAga hotI hai| ghAsapAta khAkara bhI bar3A baliSTha hotA hai| ekAgratA se AtmarakSA karatA hai| citta kI ekAgratA kA pratIka hai| mahiSa (bhaiMsA) daladala meM DUbA tathA saMsAra se bekhavara pazu hai| ekAgratA tathA saMsAra kI daladalatA kA pratIka hai| zUkara (suara) varAha (suara) zUkara aura varAha eka hI pazu ke do nAma haiM jo samala aura vimala kA bodhaka hai| ghRNA matakara vItarAgI bn| khagI (sehI) zyena (bAja) sehI ke zarIra para nukIle kA~Te hote haiM jinase yaha AtmarakSA karatA hai| yaha zAkAhArI rAtricara pazu hai, andara kA~Te nahIM haiN| ata: Atma upalabdhi kA pratIka hai| zyena zikAra ke upayoga kA pakSI hai| para kA muharA na banakara sva-para bhedavijJAnI banane kA sndesh| vaja vajra bhAle ke phalaka jaisA indra kA eka kaThora astr| dRr3hatA evaM ratnatraya kI zakti kA prtiik| hariNa hariNa zAkAhArI sundara pshu| saralatA, sundaratA aura zAnti kA prtiik| chAga (bakarA) chAga zAkAhArI, ghAsapAsa bhogI eka sIdhA pshu| saralatA kA pratIka tathA vizvAsaghAta na karane kA updeshk| tagarakusuma yA matsya nadyAvarta tagara-nadI taToM para pAyA jAne vAlA eka sugandhita lakar3I kA vRkSa jisase sugandhita tela nikAlA jAtA hai| vItarAgatA kI sugandhi kA prtiik| tagarakusuma kA artha machalI (matsya) bhI kiyA jAtA hai jo rasanA indriya ko jItane kA sandeza detI hai| kalaza kalaza kalaza (ghar3A) jo pAnI se bharA hoch| jJAna jala se zarIrarUpI kalaza ko bharane kA sndesh| kalaza kA artha zikhara bhI hai jo unnati kA pratIka hai| kUrma (kacchapa) kacchapa (kachuA) kachuA apane aGgoM ko sameTa letA hai tathA jala kalmaSa ko dhotI rahatA hai| yaha saMyama, AtmamagnatA aura svacchatA kA pratIka hai| nIlotpala (nIlakamala) nIlotpala yaha anAsakti aura niSkAmavRtti kA pratIka hai| puSkara aura indIvara bhI ise kahate haiN| puNDarIka zveta kamala ko kahate haiM 229 15. dharmanAtha zAntinAtha kunthunAtha 18. arahanAtha (aranAtha) 19. mallinAtha 20. munisuvratanAtha 21. naminAtha

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neminAtha 23. pArzvanAtha jo zubhratA aura divyatA kA pratIka hai| zaGkha eka jalacara zubhra dhavala jIva hai| ise kAna para rakhane se AvAja sunAI detI hai| yaha jJAna kA pratIka hai| sarpa (ahi yA sA~pa) sarpa sarpa ghara se bAhara Ter3hA tathA ghara meM ghusate hI sIdhA ho jAtA hai| ata: ise mukti kI RjutA aura saMsAra kI vakratA kA pratIka mAnA gayA hai| pArzvanAtha ke zirobhAga para 7, 9,11,1000 phaNoM vAlI phaNAvali bhI dekhI jAtI hai jo kamaTha ke upasarga aura rakSA kI sUcaka hai| siMha (sera) siMha mahAvIra kA pUrva bhava hai| yaha parAkrama kA pratIka hai| mahAvIra ke vardhamAna, vIra, ativIra aura sammati bhI nAma haiN| tIrthaGkara cihna (kramazaH) 24. mahAvIra (vardhamAna) siMha tIrthaGkara cihnoM kI isa tAlikA ko dekhane se jJAta hotA hai| ki cha: tIrthaGkara cihnoM (5, 7, 8, 10, 14 aura 18 ve tIrthakkara cihnoM) meM zvetAmbara, digambara meM matabheda hai| inameM tIna nae cihna (krauMca, zrIvatsa aura bAja) haiM aura do cihna svastika aura nandyAvarta tIna sthAnoM para (eka jagaha eka sAtha aura do jagaha pRthak-pRthak) haiN| isa taraha kula tIrthaGkara cihnoM kI saMkhyA 24+3==27 ho jAtI hai| candra aura ardhacandra ko eka hI mAnA hai| tagara (vRkSa vizeSa) kA artha yadi vikalpa se mIna (machalI) bhI kareMge to eka cihna aura bar3hane se kula cihna saMkhyA 27+1=28 ho jaayegii| ina cihnoM kA jaba pRthak-pRthak vargIkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai to ubhaya paramparAnusAra nimna tAlikA banatI hai - _jalacara thalacara nabhacara jala-thalacara vRkSa yA puSpa graha nakSatra rekhAkRti zastra pAtra yoga zAkAhArI mAMsAhArI anya kulapazu zve. 3 10 2 1 2 1 31 1 249 5 2 16 diga. 4 11 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 24 10 5 2 17 isa vivecana se spaSTa hai ki jainoM ke yahA~ do prakAra kI ArAdhya arhanta mUrtiyA~ pAI jAtI haiM tIrthaGkaroM kI tathA sAmAnya kevaliyoM kii| sabhI mUtiyA~ vItarAgatA evaM dhyAna kI khaDgAsana yA padmAsana mudrA meM pAI jAtI haiN| cihnoM kI paramparA kevala tIrthaGkara mUrtiyoM meM hI pAI jAtI hai| hindU devI-devatAoM kI taraha inake zastra, vAhana Adi na hone ke kAraNa inakI pahacAna ke lie sthApanA nikSepa kA Azraya lekara pRthak-pRthak cihnoM kI paramparA ko vikAsa huaa| isa sandarbha meM paurANika hetu ke alAvA anya hetuoM kA bhI samAveza saMbhava hai| zrImadbhAgavata ke gyArahaveM skandha avadhUtopAkhyAna meM avadhUta RSi ne pRthivI, vAyu, AkAza, jala, Aga, candramA, sUrya, kabUtara, ajagara, samudra, pataGgA, madhumakkhI, hAthI Adi 24 guru jaisoM se viveka buddhi prApta kI thii| vaise hI ina cihnoM se hameM jo zikSA milatI hai usakA bhI cintana karanA cAhie kyoMki cihnoM se bhI bahuta kucha sIkhA jA sakatA hai| sandarbha - 1. jaTAmukuTa yA kandhoM para laharAte keza-guccha se AdinAtha kI, paJcaphaNa sarpa se supArzvanAtha kI tathA saptaphaNa sarpa chatra se pArzvanAtha kI sAmAnyataH pahacAna hotI hai| 2. kucha vilakSaNa pratimAyeM-kuNDalapura kI supArzvanAtha kI pratimA jisa para ulTA svastika kA cihna hai jise nandyAvarta mAna liyA gayA hai| 230

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kuNDalapura meM hI siMha cihna yukta mahAvIra kI pratimA jisa para kezoM kA aGkana hai| ata: kucha ise RSabhadeva kI pratimA bhI kahate haiN| sivanI (chapArA) meM pratimA ke zirobhAga para paJcaphaNa dekhakara supArzvanAtha kA aura kachuA kA cihna dekhakara munisuvratanAtha kA bodha hotA hai| sonAgira kI sahasraphaNI pratimA para ulTA svastika dekhakara use pArzvanAtha kI pratimA kaheM yA supArzvanAtha kii| rAmavana ke tulasI saMgrahAlaya kI eka pratimA ke sira para phaNAvali hone se pArzvanAtha kI, kandhoM para laharAtI jaTAoM ke hone se AdinAtha kI tathA pIThikA para candra cihna hone se candraprabhu kI pratIti hotI hai| salehA gA~va (pannA jilA) meM tRtIya netra vAlI AdinAtha pratimA hai| eka hI zarIra meM cAra evaM sAta mukhoM vAlI caturmukhI tathA saptamukhI pratimAyeM bhI milatI haiM jo sambhavataH kramaza: cAra anuyoga aura saptabhaGgI kI sUcanA detI hai| eka pratimA aisI bhI hai jo AdivIra kahI jAtI hai kyoMki isameM AdinAtha aura mahAvIra donoM ke cihna milate haiN| tIsarI A~kha bhI hai| 3. digambara paramparA meM Aja supArzvanAtha kA svastika cihna hI prasiddha hai jo nandyAvarta se milatA julatA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra kA jIvana-sandeza aura vartamAna yuga Aja se 2544 varSa pUrva mAnava samAja mithyA-abhimAna, andhavizvAsa aura ajJAna kI ber3iyoM se jakar3A huA thA, dharma ke nAma para yajJoM meM mUka jIvoM kI bali dI jAtI thI; dhArmika kRtyoM meM adhikAra eka ucca sampradAya vizeSa ke hAthoM meM thA; nArIvarga kI svatantra sattA kA abhAva thA; zUdroM ko heya dRSTi se dekhA jAtA thA; dhana evaM kAmabhoga kI pipAsA yuddha vibhISikA kI jananI thI; vicArabheda saha astittva meM bAdhaka thA arthAt tatkAlIna mAnava samAja dhArmika, naitika aura sAmAjika kuNThAoM se ghirA huA thA aura usameM krAnti kI eka lahara thii| aise samaya meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne isa bhArata bhUmi meM janma lekara andhavizvAsoM ko dUra karate hue pratyeka AtmA meM paramAtmA kA darzana karAyA tathA saha astittva meM sahAyaka ahiMsA, aparigraha aura anekAnta jaise parama upAdeya siddhAntoM kA upadeza dete hue use apane jIvana meM samA liyaa| phalasvarUpa unase usa divyarUpa kI alaukika jyoti se AkRSTa hokara bahuta se jIva unake anugAmI bane, magara kucha bhavya jIva hI unake batalAe hue marma ko samajha sake bAkI to unake bAhyarUpa ko hI carama satya mAnakara bhaTaka ge| yadyapi bhagavAn mahAvIra kA sandeza janasAmAnya kI bhASA meM bahuta hI sIdhA sAdhA, ADambara vihIna, vicAroM kI saGkIrNatA tathA jAtigata bhedabhAvoM se zUnya thA parantu unake anuyAyiyoM ne use bhagavAn ke prati zraddhAbhAva se athavA apanI zreSThatA prakAzana kI bhAvanA se prerita hokara use jaTila aura ADambarayukta banA diyaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne jisa dharma kA upadeza diyA thaa| use garIba-amIra, brAhmaNa-zUdra, strI-puruSa, bAla-yuvakavRddha sabhI samAnarUpa se pAlana kara sakate the; magara Aja yaha dharma garIba aura nimna jAti ke lie bar3A maha~gA ho gayA hai| jo adhika se adhika rupayoM kI thailI bheMTa svarUpa detA hai vaha bhagavAn kA sabase bar3A bhakta kahalAtA hai aura vahI bhagavAn kI phUlamAla, jJAnamAla Adi ke grahaNa karane kA adhikArI samajhA jAtA hai| 'indratva' jaise sammAna tathA siGghaI savAI siGkaI Adi kI sammAnita upAdhiyoM ko bhI vahI prApta karatA hai| Aja dharma ke samasta AdarzoM kA mApadaNDa paisA bana gayA hai jabaki bhagavAn ne sabase bar3A pApa dhanasaMgraha ko batalAyA thaa| kahA bhI jAtA hai lobha pApa ko bApa bkhaano|' hama kabhI bhI dhArmika kriyAkalApoM ko paise ke baTakhare se nahIM taula sakate haiM kyoMki kabhI kabhI eka paisA dAna karane vAlA bhI karor3oM rupayA dAna karanevAle se bhArI hotA hai| ata: bhagavAn mahAvIra ne samasta dhArmika kriyA-kalApoM kA mApadaNDa vItarAga athavA aparigraha kI bhAvanA ko bnaayaa| jisameM jitanI adhika vItarAga athavA aparigraha kI bhAvanA hogI vaha utanA hI adhika zreSTha athavA dharmAtmA hogaa| isIlie bhagavAn ko pUrNa vItarAgI aura unake bAhyarUpa ko pUrNa aparigrahI batalAyA gayA hai| jIvoM ke adhyAtmika kramika vikAsa ke jo caudaha guNasthAna batalAe gae haiM ve bhI vItarAgatA aura aparigrahatA ke tAratamya kI kasauTI para hI nirbhara haiN| vastutaH dhana sampatti vividha prakAra ke anarthoM kI ora le jAnevAlI duzcaritrA vezyA hai aura usake prati kiyA gayA rAga ulajhAnevAlA makar3I kA mAyAjAla hai| aparigraha se tAtparya kevala arthasaMgraha karane mAtra se nahIM hai apitu vastumAtra ke prati mamatvabuddhi ke tyAga se hai| mamatva dUra hue binA dhanAdi ke saMgraha kI buddhi miTa nahIM sakatI hai| rAgadveSa aura parigraha kI bhAvanA se prerita hokara jIvahiMsA, jhUTha, corI, parastrIsevana Adi pApa kriyAoM meM pravRtta hote haiN| ataH bhagavAn mahAvIra ne aparigraha aura vItarAga kI maMjila kI ora le jAne meM sahAyaka ahiMsArUpI sIr3hI kA sahArA liyaa| 'jio aura jIne do' kA nArA dete hue ahiMsA ko utkRSTa dharma batalAyA ahiMsA paramodharmaH' tathA pratyeka 231

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AcAra vicAra sambandhI dhArmika niyamopaniyamoM athavA vidhividhAnoM meM ahiMsA kI bhAvanA ko dhyAna meM rkkhaa| yadyapi ahiMsA kA upadeza prAyaH sabhI sampradAyoM ke dhArmika maharSiyoM ne diyA parantu jitanI sUkSmatA se bhagavAn mahAvIra ne isakA upadeza diyA, utanA anya kisI ne nhiiN| Aja ahiMsA ke vAstavika artha ko hama bhUla gae haiM aura kisI jIva ko jAna se svayaM nahIM mAranA itane mAtra ko ahiMsA mAna baiThe haiN| vastutaH hiMsA kevala jIvoM ko jAna se svayaM mArane athavA maravAne mAtra se nahIM hotI hai apitu mana meM saGkalpa karane athavA anumodana karane se bhI hiMsA hotI hai| ata: mana vacana kAya se kRtakAritA anumodanapUrvaka hiMsA kA tyAga ahiMsA hai| ahiMsA kA bhI mApadaNDa hiMsA kA tyAgamAtra nahIM hai apitu apramattatA aura vItarAgatA usakI kasauTI hai| isIlie IryAsamiti (apramattabhAva-sAvadhAnIpUrvaka) se calane vAlA sAdhaka cIMTI Adi kI hiMsA ho jAne para bhI hiMsaka nahIM mAnA gayA parantu IryAsamiti ke binA unmatta kI taraha calane vAlA cIMTI Adi kI hiMsA na hone para bhI hiMsaka mAnA gayA hai| deza ke Upara zatru ke AkramaNa karane para bahujana hitAya zastra uThAnevAlA sainika, roga se karAhate hue rogI ke rogANuoM ko naSTa karanevAlA DAkTara, parivAra ke nyAyapUrvaka pAlanapoSaNa athavA mAnavamAtra ke pAlanapoSaNa ke lie khetI karate hue kSudra jIvANuoM kI hiMsA (ArambhI hiMsA) karane vAlA kisAna vyavahAra meM hiMsaka nahIM mAnA jAtA parantu corabAjArI, upasaJcaya Adi ke dvArA sIdhe hiMsA na karanevAlA manuSya dUsare manuSyoM ke utpIr3ana meM kAraNa banane se ghora hiMsaka mAnA gayA hai| ata: bhagavAn mahAvIra ne una pratyeka mAnasika vAcika evaM kAyika kriyAoM ko hiMsA kA nAma diyA jinase dUsare jIvoM ko kaSTa ho, parezAnI ho yA burA lge| kiJca, 'hitaM brUyAt, priyaM brUyAt na brUyAt satyamapriyam' ke siddhAnta ko gale lgaayaa| yahA~ itanA vizeSa hai ki sarva janasukhAya kI bhAvanA se prerita hokara cora, DAkU, hatyAre, jamAkhora Adi duSToM ko pakar3avAne meM rAjyAdhikAriyoM kI sahAyatA karanA hiMsA nahIM hai apitu pavitra kartavya hai| jo aparAdhI nahIM hai usakI rakSA karanA bhI parama dharma hai| yaha dUsarI bAta hai ki jo saMsAratyAgI, araNyavAsI (caturthAzramI) sAdhu haiM ve ina sAMsArika vyavasthAoM meM ruci sAmAnyataH na leM parantu gRhastha jo ki aNuvratI haiM unakA to yaha dharma hai| vItarAga athavA apramAdabhAva rahate hue jo ajJAnatAvaza hiMsA hotI hai vaha pApakarma ke Agamana (Asrava) meM hetu to hai parantu viziSTa bandha meM hetu nahIM hai, kyoMki karmabandha tabhI hotA hai jaba antaHkaraNa meM rAgadveSabhAva hotA hai| jaise miTTI ke Dhele jaba dIvAla se TakarAte haiM to unameM yadi ArdratA hotI hai to ve usa dIvAla se cipaka jAte haiN| anyathA TakarAkara jhar3a jAte haiN| kahA bhI hai 'ullo sukkho ya do chUTA golayA mttttiyaamiyaa| dovi AvaDiyA kuDDe jo ullo sottha lggii|| uttarAdhyayana sutra, 25.42 draSTavya hai ki yaha vyavasthA kitanI manovaijJAnika evaM sAmAjika hai| lokavyavahAra meM bhI dekhA jAtA hai ki yadi koI abodha bAlaka (vItarAgI) koI aparAdha yA nukasAna kara baiThatA hai to use hama mApha kara dete haiM aura yadi koI samajhadAra vyakti rAgadveSa se prerita hokara aparAdha karatA hai to use hama daNDa dete haiN| arthAt rAgadveSa kI bhAvanA kI hInAdhikatA para hI daNDa athavA karma bandha kI hInAdhikatA nirbhara karatI hai| ahiMsA aura vItarAgatA kI bhAvanA se prerita hokara bhagavAn ne anekAnta aura syAdvAda kA upadeza diyaa| yaha eka aisA amUlya mantra hai ki ise jo svIkAra karatA hai vaha saMzayAtIta hokara sarvatra Adara prApta karatA hai| isa siddhAnta ke vaijJAnika evaM tarkasaGgata hone para bhI zaGkarAcArya jaise bar3e bar3e vidvAnoM ne ise sandehavAda samajhakara samajhane meM bhUla kI hai| vastuoM kA jaba hama vibhinna pahaluoM (dRSTikoNoM) se vicAra karate haiM to vaha hameM nizcaya hI vibhinna rUpoM meM dRSTigocara hotI hai| jaise yajJadatta kA lar3akA rameza apane pitA kI dRSTi meM putra hai, apane putra kI dRSTi meM pitA hai, bahina kI dRSTi meM bhAI hai, mAmA kI dRSTi meM bhAnajA hai, bhAbhI kI dRSTi meM devara hai, patnI kI dRSTi meM pati hai, guru kI dRSTi meM ziSya hai aura ziSya kI dRSTi meM guru bhI hai| isa taraha rameza meM paraspara virodhI dikhalAI denevAle dharma aviruddha bhAva se rahate haiM / 'rameza putra hI hai athavA pitA hI hai' yaha kathana jaise sarvathA satya nahIM kahA jA sakatA, ThIka vaise hI pratyeka vastuoM ke bAre meM ekAnta dRSTi satya nahIM kahI jA sakatI hai| jaba hama vibhinna pahaluoM se vastu kA vicAra kareMge to satya bhI vibhinna pahaluoM se alaga alaga hoNge| eka hI pahalU se vastu anekarUpa nahIM hai apitu vibhinna pahaluoM se anekarUpa hai| yadi eka hI pahalU se yA eka hI dRSTi se yA eka hI apekSA se vastu anekarUpa ho to saMzaya athavA mithyA ho| ataH vastu ko anekAnta (aneka + anta= dharma) rUpa mAnanA aparihArya ho jAtA hai| 232

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anekAnta rUpa vastu kA jaba kabhI abhrAnta nirvacana zabdoM meM karanA ho to apekSA bheda kA dyotaka 'syAt' pada jor3anA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| isIlie isakA pAribhASika nAma hai-'syaadvaad'| syAdvAdakA artha hai 'sApekSavAda' arthAt amuka (eka) apekSA se vastu amuka (eka) prakAra kI hai aura amuka (dUsarI) apekSA se amuka (dvitIya) prakAra kI hai| 'syAt' zabda kA artha zAyada nahIM karanA cAhie anyathA sandehavAda kA prasaGga aayegaa| vastutaH yaha 'syAt' zabda sApekSatA kA dyotaka hai| yaha dUsarI bAta hai ki hama apanI dainandinI (bolacAla) kI bhASA meM 'syAt' zabda kA prayoga nahIM karate haiM kyoMki vahA~ vaktA aura zrotA donoM apekSA bheda ko samajhate haiN| parantu jahA~ bhrama hotA hai yA bhrama kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai vahA~ apekSA bheda ko batalAnA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| isa taraha jaba hama sabake vicAroM kA apekSA bheda se vicAra kareMge to dekheMge ki sabhI ke vicAra kisI na kisI apekSA se satya haiN| jise yaha anekAnta aura syAdvAda kI dRSTi prApta ho jAtI hai use kahIM bhI (AcAra athavA vicAra ke kSetra meM) vicikitsA (sandeha) nahIM hotI hai| yadi yaha dRSTi nahIM hai to paga paga para vicikitsA hogI aura kalaha bhI jisake phalasvarUpa hama eka hI pakSa kA AgrahapUrNa poSaNa karate hue asatya ke poSaka bana jaayeNge| isa sandarbha meM eka ghaTanA udAharaNIya hai- kisI citrakAra ne eka aisA citra banAyA jo dAhinI ora se dekhane para 'nara' kA thA aura vAyIM ora se dekhane para 'nArI' kaa| eka dina usa citra ko eka vyakti dAhinI ora se dekha rahA thA aura dUsarA bAyIM ora se| eka use 'nara' kA aura dUsarA use 'nArI' kA citra batalA rahA thaa| donoM eka dUsare ke dRSTikoNa para dhyAna die binA Apasa meM lar3ane lge| lar3ate lar3ate saMyoga se dAhinI ora vAlA vyakti vAyIM ora aura vAyIM ora vAlA vyakti dAhinI ora jAkara giraa| isake bAda jaba unhoMne punaH citra ko dekhA to unheM apanI galatI kA ehasAsa huA aura taba Apasa meM kSamA mAMgate hue hamezA vibhinna pahaluoM se vicAra karase kI pratijJA kii| yadi aisA na kiyA jAya to pratyeka ghara meM saha astittva kA bhAva to dUra rahA vyartha ke kalahoM kA akhAr3A bana jaae| ataH hamArI dRSTi pratyeka vastu ke samasta pahaluoM ko samanvita rUpa se dekhakara nirNaya karane vAlI honI caahie| mahAvIra kAla meM jo bhI upaniyama batalAe gae unameM yadi Aja kI badalatI huI paristhitiyoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara saMzodhana evaM parivartana nahIM kie gae to ekAnta dRSTi meM Ane vAle doSoM kI upasthiti hogii| mUlAcAra aura uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM isa taraha ke saMzodhana ke ullekha bhI milate haiN| vahA~ batalAyA gayA hai ki prathama tIrthaGkara AdinAtha ke kAla ke jIva 'Rjujar3a' (sarala parantu mandabuddhi) hone se 'durvizodhya' (jinheM dharmAcAra kA jJAna karAnA kaThina ho) the, dUsare se teIsaveM tIrthaGkara ke kAla ke jIva 'RjuprAjJa' (sarala tathA buddhimAna) hone se 'suvizodhya' aura 'supAlaka' the parantu caubIsaveM tIrthakara mahAvIra ke kAla ke jIva 'vakrajar3a' (kuTila evaM mandabuddhi) hone se 'duranupAlaka' (kutarkI hone se jinheM dharmAcaraNa meM lagAnA kaThina ho) the| ata: bhagavAn mahAvIra ne mUla siddhAnta kA parivartana na karate hue teIsaveM tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha kI paramparA ke kucha upaniyamoM Adi meM kucha - saMzodhana jor3e purimI ujjujaDDA vakkajaDA ya pcchimaa| majjhimA ujjupannA uteNa dhamme duhA kae / / purimANaM duvisojjho u carimANaM durnnupaalo| kappo majjhimagANaM tu suvisojjho supaalo|| uttarAdhyayana 23. 26. 27. Aja kA mAnava 'vakrajar3a to hai hI parantu usakI vicAradhArA aura dezakAla kI paristhitiyAM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya se kAphI badala cukI haiN| Aja isa vaijJAnika yuga meM hama pratyeka dhArmika kriyAoM ko vijJAna kI kasauTI para parakhanA cAhate haiM tathA vartamAna jIvana meM - hI unakA phala pAnA cAhate haiM kyoMki bhautika vijJAna kI cakAcabandha se hamArI A~kheM adhyAtmika vijJAna kI ora dekha hI nahIM pAtI haiN| ataH Aja badalI huI ina paristhitiyoM meM hameM dhArmika niyamoM kI vyAkhyA samAja vyavasthA ke rUpa meM karanI Avazyaka ho gaI hai| hama isa vyAkhyA ke dvArA hI mahAvIra ke mUla upadezoM ko janajana ke mAnasa paTala meM aura acaraNa meM utAra sakate haiM anyathA unake siddhAntoM kA vyAkhyAna cikane ghar3e para pAnI DAlane kI taraha vyartha siddha hogA / bhagavAn mahAvIra isa tathya ko acchI taraha samajhate the| ata: unhoMne sAdhu aura gRhastha (zrAvaka aura zrAvikA) ke AcAra meM siddhAntata: virodha na hote hue bhI paryApta antara kiyA hai| hama cAheM ki ekadama Upara kI sIr3hI para pahu~ca jAe~ aisA sambhava nahIM hai| hameM kramaza: hI Upara kI ora uThanA hogaa| Aja samAjavyavasthA ke anurUpa dhArmika niyamoM kA yadi hama pAlana kara sake to hama bahuta bar3e dhArmika evaM mahAvIra ke padacihnoM ke anuyAyI hoNge| 233

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anyathA 'mukha meM rAma bagala meM churI' kI taraha hamAre dhArmika kRtya kore DhakosalA siddha hoMge jinase na to samAja kA aura na svayaM ko lAbha hogaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra kA yaha jIvana sandeza jitanA vaijJAnika, spaSTa tathA sAdagI se pUrNa hai utanA anyatra pAnA durlabha hai| 'pratyeka AtmA paramAtmA hai' mahAvIra kA yaha siddhAnta batalAtA hai ki na to koI Izvara kA avatAra hai aura na usakI aMza vizeSa hii| na to koI bar3A hai aura na choTA hii| koI kisI kI kRpA se na to Upara uTha sakatA hai aura na nIce hI gira sakatA hai| pratyeka jIva - apane puruSArtha se athavA kartavyakarma ke anuSThAna se mahApuruSa hI nahIM paramAtmA yA tIrthaGkara bana sakatA hai| bhakta aura bhagavAn meM vastutaH koI antara nahIM hai, yadi koI antara hai to sirpha itanA ki bhagavAn vItarAgI haiM aura hama (bhakta-saMsArI jIva) avItarAgI (rAgI-dveSI) haiM / kahA hai-- maiM vaha hU~ jo haiM bhagavAn jo maiM hU~ vaha haiM bhagavAn / antara yahI UparI jAna ve virAga yahAM rAga vitaan|| saMsArastha AtmAe~ jo ki sUrya sadRza tejasvI evaM prakAzasvarUpa haiM unake Upara karmarUpI vAdaloM kA pardA par3A hai jabaki muktAtmAoM ke Upara koI AvaraNa nahIM hai, ve apane zuddha svarUpa meM pratiSThita haiN| jaba hamAre Upara se karmarUpI AvaraNa haTa jAyegA to hama bhI pUrNa mukta paramAtmA yA tIrthaGkara bana jaayeNge| karmarUpI bAdaloM ko haTAne ke lie hameM prabala vAyu tulya samyagdarzana (saccI zraddhA) samyagjJAna (saccA jJAna) aura samyakcAritra (sadAcAra) rUpa ratnatraya kA Azraya lenA hogaa| ratnatraya kA Azraya pAne ke lie hameM svayaM apanI AtmA para vijaya pAnA hogA kyoMki ratnatraya svayaM apanI AtmA meM maujUda hai| ata: Atmavijaya ko sabase bar3I vijaya kahA gayA hai| AtmA apane utthAna aura patana kA svayaM kartA aura vikartA hai, acchA mitra aura duSTa zatru hai, vaitaraNI nadI (eka nArakIya nadI jo duHkhakara hai) aura kUTazAlmali vRkSa (duHkha denevAlA per3a) hai, mAmadudhA dhenu (gAya) aura nandana (ye donoM sukhakara) vana haiM appA naI veyaraNI appA me kuuddsaamlii| appA kAmaduhA dheNU appA me nandaNaM vnnN|| appA kattA vikattA ya duhANa ya suhANa y| appA mittamamittaM ca duppaTTio suptttthio|| uttarAdhyayana sUtra 20, 36-37 jaba hama vartamAna yuga kI ora dekhate haiM to pAte haiM ki Aja mAnava sabhyatA vinAzakArI astroM ke nirmANa se vinAza ke kagAra para khar3I hai, vyakti se vyakti kA zoSaNa hI nahIM eka rASTra se dUsare rASTra kA zoSaNa ho rahA hai, vizva aneka zibiroM meM vibhakta hokara apanI hI bAta ko pUrNa satya mAnane kA AgrahI bana gayA hai, mAnava hiMsA manoraJjana kA sAdhana ho cukI hai, arthasaMgraha (jamAkhorI) dhArmika anuSThAna ho gayA hai, pakSapAta kartavya karma bana gayA hai, ghUsakhorI mehanatAnA (majadUrI) kahalAtI hai, vyabhicAra nirAsakti kA dyotaka hai, dhokhAdhar3I caturatA (aindrajAlika vidyA kA abhyAsa) hai, mithyA bhASaNa vAkpaTutA kahalAtI hai, corabAjArI kalAkauzala hai, DakaitI vIratva kI nizAnI hai, pAkiTamArI hAtha kI saphAI (jAdU) hai, bhAI bhatIjAvAda samAjasevA hai, milAvaTa Arthika viSamatA kA ilAja hai, cApalUsI sevAbhakti hai, ImAnadArI mUrkhatA hai, kSamAbhAva kAyaratA hai, satyabhASaNa avyavahArikatA hai, dhArmikatA andhavizvAsa hai, pAtivratya samAjavAda kA upahAsa hai| aise samaya meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kA jIvanasandeza jo ki Aja se 2544 varSa pUrva diyA gayA thA bahuta upayogI ho gayA hai| AvazyakatA Aja kevala usake bAhya DhA~ce meM yugAnurUpa saMzodhana evaM vyAkhyAna karane kI hai| Aja hameM usa sandeza ko dharma vijJAna yA AdhyAtmika vijJAna ke cazme se hI nahIM dekhanA hai apitu Adhunika vijJAna yA samAjavijJAna ke cazme se bhI dekhanA hai| ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya (svadAra santoSa) aura aparigraha rUpa aNuvratI samAja vyavasthA se deza meM vyApta hisA, kalaha, corabAjArI, DakaitI, vyabhicAra, jamAkhorI, ghUsakhorI Adi samasta burAIyoM ko dUra kiyA jA sakatA hai tathA samAjakalyANa, vizvazAnti Adi yojanAoM ko saphala banAyA jA sakatA hai| anekAnta tathA syAdvAda kI dRSTi samasta vaicArika kalahoM ko dUra karake hameM sahanazIla aura gaveSI banAkara nyAyavAdI banA sakatI hai| ahiMsA kA siddhAnta yuddhoM aura kalahoM meM Asakta mAnava jAti ko zAnti kA varadAna de sakatA hai| aparigraha kA vyavahAra sAmAjika jIvana kI samasta Arthika viSamatAoM ko dUra karake samatA aura saha astittva kI sthApanA meM sahayoga de sakatA hai| isI taraha 'pratyeka AtmA paramAtmA hai' yaha upadeza mAnavajAti meM vyApta kuNThA, dhairya hInatA, udAsInatA Adi kI hIna bhAvanAoM ko dUra karane meM tathA utsAha, AtmavizvAsa, kartavyaniSThA Adi kI ucca bhAvanAoM 234

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ko protsAhita karane meM pUrNa sakSama hai yadi niSpakSa dRSTi se vicAra kiyA jAya bhagavAn mahAvIra kA yaha sandeza na kevala vartamAna yuga ke lie jyoti hai apitu bhaviSya ke lie bhI prakAza-stambha hai| mAnavIya mUlyoM (dhArmika mUlyoM) ke samajhAne ke lie svarga-naraka ke udAharaNa aparyApta haiN| unheM samAjavijJAna tathA bhautika vijJAna aura manovijJAna se batalAnA hogaa| AcArya kundakunda ke darzana meM nizcaya aura vyavahAra-naya digambara jaina paramparA meM AcArya kundakunda kA sthAna sarvopari hai| unhoMne bhagavAn mahAvIra kI vANI kA manthana karake hameM navanIta pradAna kiyA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne jisa vItarAgatA kA upadeza diyA thA use jaba bAhyaliGga ke rUpa meM samajhA jAne lagA to kundakunda ne mahAvIra darzana ke bAhya aura Abhyantara vItarAga bhAva ko spaSTa kiyaa| Abhyantara ke vItarAga bhAva ko prakaTa karanA unakA pramukha lakSya thA, ata: unhoMne dezakAlAnurUpa unhIM bAtoM kA adhika vyAkhyAna kiyA hai| isakA yaha tAtparya nahIM hai ki unheM bAhya vItarAgabhAva abhISTa nahIM thaa| vastutaH unhoMne bAhya aura Abhyantara vItarAgabhAvoM ke upadezoM kA vyavahAra aura nizcaya ubhaya nayoM ke dvArA samyak AloDana karake unheM jIvana meM tathA svaracita granthoM meM samAveza kiyA hai| unake granthoM ke antaHsAkSya se tathA unakI svayaM kI jIvanazailI se unakI nizcayavyavahAra kI samanvayadRSTi spaSTa parilakSita hotI hai| sAmAnya rUpa se lekhaka apanI racanAoM ke prArambhika aMzoM meM apane anubhavoM ko bhUmikArUpa meM sthApita karatA hai aura anta meM upasaMhAra ke rUpa meM unheM paripuSTa karatA hai| ataH unhIM aMzoM ko yahA~ pramukha rUpa se mAdhyama banAkara AcArya kundakunda kI samanvayadRSTi kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| AcArya kundakunda kI mAnya racanAyeM haiM-1. paJcAstikAyasaMgraha, 2. samayasAra, 3. pravacanasAra, 4. niyamasAra, 5. aSTapAhuDa, 6. dvAdazAnuprekSA aura 7. bhktisNgrh| 'rayaNasAra' ke sandarbha meM vidvAnoM kA matabheda adhika hai| 1. paJcAstikAyasaMgraha yaha grantha do zrutaskandhoM meM vibhakta hai| donoM zrutaskandhoM kA prArambha granthakAra 'jina' stutipUrvaka karate haiN| yaha namaskAra nizcaya hI bhaktirUpa vyavahAranaya kA Azraya lekara kiyA gayA hai| isake prathama zrutaskandha meM SaDdravyoM kA aura dvitIya zrutaskandha meM nava padArthoM evaM mokSamArga kA varNana hai| prathama zrutaskandha kA upasaMhAra karate hue unhoMne likhA hai-'pravacana ke sArabhUta paJcAstikAyasaMgraha ko jAnakara jo rAgadveSa ko chor3a detA hai vaha duHkhoM se mukta ho jAtA hai| isake artha ko jAnakara tadanugamanodyata, vigatamoha aura prazamita rAga-dveSa vAlA jIva pUrvApara-bandharahita ho jAtA hai| dvitIya zrutaskandha meM tattvazraddhAnAdirUpa vyavahAra-mokSamArga kA kathana karake nizcaya-mokSamArga kA kathana karate hue likhA hai-'ratnatraya se samAhita (tanmaya) huA AtmA hI nizcaya se mokSamArga hai jisameM vaha anya kucha bhI nahIM karatA hai aura na kucha chor3atA hI hai / yaha kathana nizcaya hI kevalI kI dhyAnAvasthA ko lakSya karake kahA gayA hai| isake Age batalAyA gayA hai ki arhadAdi kI bhakti se bahuta puNyalAbha evaM svargAdi kI prApti hotI hai| yahIM arhadAdi kI bhakti se karmakSaya kA niSedha aura nirvANa-prApti kI dUrI ko bhI batalAyA hai, bhale hI vaha sarvAgamadhArI aura saMyama-tapAdi se yukta kyoM na ho| yaha kathana bhI zrutakevalI yA chaThe se Upara ke guNasthAna vAloM ko lakSya karake kahA gayA hai| yahIM para yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki mokSAbhilASI puruSa niSparigrahI aura nirmamatva hokara siddhoM meM bhakti karatA hai aura usase vaha nirvANa prApta karatA hai| yahA~ TIkAkAroM ne 'siddhesu' kA artha zuddhAtma dravya meM vizrAntirUpa pAramArthika siddha bhakti kiyA hai| gAthA 172 kI vyAkhyA meM amRtacandrAcArya aura jayasenAcArya ne kevala nizcayAvalambI una jIvoM ko lakSya karake kahA hai (jo vastutaH nizcaya naya ko nahIM jAnate haiM)- 'koI zubhabhAvavAlI kriyAyoM ko puNyabandha kA kAraNa mAnakara azubha bhAvoM meM vartate hue, (kucha vanaspatiyA~ kITabhakSI haiM tathA kucha to narabhakSI bhI haiN)| aisI vanaspatiyoM kI bhA~ti kevala pApabandha ko karate hue bhI apane meM ucca zuddhadazA kI kalpanA karake, svacchanda aura AlasI haiM NicchayaNayAlambaMtA Nicchayado NicchayaM ayaannNtaa| 235

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NAsaMti caraNakaraNaM bAharicaraNAlasA keI / / anta meM isa grantha kA upasaMhAra karate hue granthakAra likhate haiM-'pravacana' (jinavANI) kI bhakti se prerita hokara maiMne (mokSa) mArga kI prabhAvanA ke lie pravacana kA sArabhUta yaha paJcAstikAyasaMgraha-sUtra (zAstra) kahA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki jo vyavahArarUpa ahaMdAdi kI bhakti ko mAtra svarga kA sAdhana batalAye tathA use mokSaprApti meM pratibandhaka batalAkara turanta upasaMhAra karate hue 'jinamArga-prabhAvanArtha', 'pravacana-bhakti-prerita' jaise vAkyoM kA kathana kyoM karegA ? arhamukti se akAma nirjarA bhI hotI hai| ata: namaskAra vAkyoM meM mahAvIra ko 'apunarbhava kA kAraNa' kahanA vyavahAra nayAzrita kathana hai kyoMki nizcaya se koI kisI kA kAraNa nahIM hai| ityAdi kathanoM se siddha hotA hai ki vyavahAra rUpa bAhya kriyAyeM bhI nirvANaprApti ke lie Avazyaka haiM parantu vahIM taka sImita na raha jAyeM, ata: una tapasviyoM ke pratibodhanArtha nizcaya kA kathana karake AcArya ne donoM nayoM kA samyak samanvaya karanA cAhA hai| kisI eka naya ko heya aura dUsare ko upodaya kahanA syAdvAdasiddhAnta kA aura AcArya kundakunda kA upahAsa hai| apekSA bheda se apane sthAna para donoM naya samyak haiN| paramadazA kI prApti to nayopari avasthA hai| 'darzanavizuddhi' Adi bhAvanAe~ jo tIrthaGkara prakRtibandha kA kAraNa mAnI jAtI haiM ve vyavahAra se bandha kI kAraNa bhale hI haiM parantu tIrthaGkara pratibandha niyama se nirvANaprApti kA hetu mAnA gayA hai| isa taraha vyavahAra aura nizcaya kA samyak samanvaya hI nirvANa kA hetu hai, na kevala vyavahAra aura na kevala nizcayanaya-yahI granthakAra kA abhimata hai| 2. samayasAra yahA~ 'jIva' padArtha ko 'samaya' zabda se kahA gayA hai| jaba vaha apane zuddha-svabhAva meM sthita hotA hai taba use 'svasamaya' kahate haiM aura jaba parasvabhAva (rAgadveSAdi ke kAraNa pudgala karmapradeza) meM sthita hotA hai taba use 'parasamaya' kahate haiN| isa grantha meM jIvAtmA ke isa svasamaya aura parasamaya kA hI vivecana kiyA gayA hai| __ granthArambha meM granthakAra dhruva, acala aura anupama gati ko prApta sabhI siddhoM ko namaskAra karake zrutakevaliyoM dvArA kathita isa samayaprAbhRta ko kahane kA saGkalpa karate haiM, isake bAda ekatvavibhakta (sabhI para-padArthoM se bhinna, pudgalakarmabandha se rahita) AtmA kI kathA kI durlabhatA kA kathana karate hue usake kathana karane kI pratijJA karate haiM - 'maiM apanI zakti ke anusAra usa ekatvavibhakta AtmA kA yadi pramANarUpa se darzana karA sakU~ to pramANa mAnanA anyathA (ThIka se na samajhA sakane para yA ThIka na samajhAne para) chalarUpa grahaNa na krnaa| kitanA spaSTa kathana hai| isase siddha hai ki granthakAra kA mukhya uddezya isa grantha meM AtmA ke durbodha zuddhasvarUpa kA jJAna karAnA hai| ata: ve vyavahAra pakSa ko gauNa karake nizcaya kA kathana mukhyatA se karate haiN| isakA yaha tAtparya nahIM hai ki vyavahAra mithyA hai| isa sandarbha meM unakA yaha nivedana dhyAna dene yogya hai-'ThIka na jAna sakane para chala rUpa grahaNa na krnaa|' isa taraha ve nizcaya hI vyavahAra aura nizcayanaya se samanvita AtmA ko darzAnA cAhate haiM anyathA vedAntadarzana ke sAtha jainadarzana kA bheda karanA kaThina ho jaayegaa| isalie granthakAra vyavahAranaya se kahate haiM ki jJAnI jIva ke cAritra, darzana aura jJAna haiM parantu (nizcaya naya se) na cAritra hai, na darzana hai aura na jJAna hai, apitu vaha zuddha jJAyakarUpa hai| yahIM granthakAra vyavahAranaya kI anupayogitA kI AzaGkA kA samAdhAna karate hue kahate haiM ki jaise anArya (sAdhAraNa) jana ko anArya bhASA ke binA samajhAnA (vastusvarUpa kA jJAna karAnA) kaThina hai usI prakAra vyavahAranaya ke 'binA paramArtha kA upadeza denA azakya hai| 4 isa taraha yahA~ spaSTa rUpa se anutkRSTa dazA vAle jIvoM ko paramArtha taka pahu~cAne meM vyavahAranaya ko anivArya sAdhana ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| isake Age vyavahAra ko 'abhUtArtha' tathA zuddhanaya (nizcayanaya) ko 'bhUtArtha' kahate hue bhUtArthanayAzrayI ko samyagdRSTi kahA hai| yahA~ granthakAra bhrama-nivAraNArtha punaH kahate haiM-jo parama bhAva (utkRSTa dazA) meM sthita haiM unake dvArA zuddha tattva ko upadeza dene vAlA zuddhanaya jAnane yogya hai aura jo aparamabhAva (anutkRSTa dazA) meM sthita haiM ve vyavahAranaya se upadeza karane ke yogya haiN| isa taraha vyavahAranaya ko tyAjya na batalAte hue apekSA bheda se granthakAra donoM nayoM kI prayojanavattA ko siddha karate haiN| adhikAMza jIva aparamabhAva meM hI sthita hai| yahI TIkAkAra amRtacandrAcArya 'uktaM ca' kahakara eka gAthA uddhata karate haiM jai jiNamayaM pavajjaha tA mA vavahAra-Nicchae muyh| ekkeNa viNA chijjai titthaM aNNeNa puNa tacvaM / / " arthAt-yadi tuma jinamata kI pravartanA karanA cAhate ho to vyavahAra aura nizcaya donoM nayoM ko mata chor3o kyoMki 236

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vyavahAranaya ke binA to tIrtha (vyavahAra mArga) kA nAza ho jAyegA aura nizcayanaya ke binA tattva (vastu) kA nAza ho jAyegA, kyoMki jinavacana ko syAdvAda rUpa mAnA gayA hai, ekAntavAdarUpa nhiiN| ata: jinavacana sunanA, jinabimbadarzana Adi bhI prayojanIya haiN| grantha kA upasaMhAra karate hue AcArya ne kahA hai, 'jo pAkhaNDI bahuta prakAra ke gRhastha Adi liGgoM maiM mamatva karate haiM ve samayasAra ko nahIM jaante| vyavahAranaya donoM (muni aura gRhastha) liGgoM ko iSTa mAnatA hai| yahA~ jo aliGgI ko mokSamArga nizcaya naya se kahA hai vaha vizuddhAtmA kI dRSTi se kahA hai| jo vizuddha AtmA hai jIva- ajIva dravyoM meM se kucha bhI na to grahaNa karatA hai aura na chor3atA hai| Age kahA hai - jo samayapAhuDamiNaM paDihaNaM ye attha-taccado nnaauN| atthe ThAhI ceyA so hohI uttama sokkhaM / / gAthA 415 jo isa samayaprAbhata ko paDhakara artha evaM tattva ko jAnakara isake artha meM sthita hogA vaha uttama sukha prApta karegA yahA~ paDihUNaM (par3hakara), atthaccado gAu~ (artha tattva ko jAnakara) aura atthe ThAhI ceyA (artha meM sthita AtmA) pada cintanIya haiM jo nizcaya vyavahAra ke samanvaya ko hI siddha karate haiN| zuddha nizcayanaya to svasvarUpa sthiti hai vahA~ kucha karaNIya jarUrI nahIM hotA, jabaki saMsArI ko karaNIya karma bhI jAnanA jarUrI hai| 3. pravacanasAra yaha jJAna, jJeya aura cAritra ina tIna adhikAroM meM vibhakta hai| isakI prArambhika pA~ca gAthAoM meM tIrthaGkaroM, siddhoM, gaNadharoM, upAdhyAyoM aura sAdhuoM ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai tathA unake vizuddha darzana-jJAnapradhAna Azraya ko prApta karake nirvANa samprApti ke sAdhanabhUta samatAbhAva ko prApta karane kI kAmanA kI gaI hai| isake bAda sarAgacAritra, vItarAgacAritra Adi kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| tRtIya cAritrAdhikAra kA prArambha karate hue granthakAra siddhoM aura zramaNoM ko bArambAra namaskAra karake duHkhanivAraka, zramaNadIkSA lene kA upadeza dete haiN| isake bAda zramaNadharma svIkAra karane kI prakriyA Adi kA varNana karate hue nizcaya-vyavahArarUpa zramaNadharma kA vistAra se kathana karate haiN| prasaGgavaza prazastarAga ke sandarbha meM kahA hai rAgo pasatthabhUdo vatthuviseseNa phaladi vivriidN| NANA bhUmigadANi hi bIyANi va sassakAlammi // 255 / / arthAt-jaise eka hI bIja bhUmi kI viparItatA se viparIta phalavAlA dekhA jAtA hai vaise hI prazastarAgarUpa zubhopayoga bhI pAtra kI viparItatA se viparIta phalavAlA hotA hai| isase siddha hai ki prazasta rAga pAtrabheda se tIrthakara prakRti ke bandhAdi ke dvArA mukti kA aura nidAnAdi ke bandha se saMsArabandha kA, donoM kA kAraNa ho sakatA hai| jayasenAcArya ne 254 vIM gAthA kI vyAkhyA karate hue isI artha ko spaSTa kiyA hai-'vaiyAvRtya gRhasthoM kA mukhya dharma hai| isase ve khoTe dhyAnoM se bacate haiM tathA 'sAdhu-saGgati se nizcaya-vyavahAra mokSamArga kA jJAna prApta hotA hai, pazcAt paramparayA nirvANaprApti hotI hai| 23 upasaMhArarUpa 274 vIM gAthA meM zuddhopayogI muni ko siddha kahakara namaskAra kiyA gayA hai tathA 275 vI gAthA meM grantha kA phala batalAte hue likhA hai - bujjhadi sAsaNameyaM sAgAraNagAra-cariyayA jutto| jo sopavayaNasAraM lahuNA kAleNa pppodi|| 3.75 / / arthAt-jo gRhastha aura muni kI caryA se yukta hotA huA (arhanta bhagavAna ke) isa zAsana (zAstra) ko jAnatA hai vaha zIghra hI pravacana ke sAra (mokSa) ko prApta kara letA hai| yahA~ 'sAgAraNagAracariyayA' zabda dhyAna dene yogya hai jisakI vyAkhyA karate hue jayasenAcArya ne likhA hai- 'abhyantararatnatrayAnuSThAnamupAdeyaM kRtvA bahiraGgaratnatrayAnuSThAnaM sAgAracaryA zrAvakacaryA / bahiraGgaratnatrayAdhAreNAbhyAntara-ratnatrayAnuSThAnamanagAracaryA prmttsNytaaditpodhncryetyrthH|' / isa taraha pravacanasAra meM vizeSa rUpa se vyavahAra-nizcayarUpa munidharma kA pratipAdana karate hue granthakAra donoM nayoM kA samyak samAyojana cAhate haiN| jJAna aura jJeya adhikAra meM bhI nizcaya-vyavahAra athavA dravyArthika-paryAyArthika donoM nayoM kA samanvaya karate hue vastu tattva kA vivecana karate haiN| 4. niyamasAra 237

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jo avazyakaraNIya (niyama se karane yogya) hoM unheM 'niyama' kahate haiN| niyama se karane yogya haiM samyag jJAna, darzana aura caaritr| viparIta jJAna, darzana aura cAritra kA parihAra karane ke lie niyama zabda ke sAtha 'sAra' pada kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| isa taraha niyamasAra jJAna, darzana aura cAritra-svarUpa niyama nirvANa kA kAraNa (mokSopAya) hai tathA usakA phala parama nirvANa-prApti hai| isameM 16 adhikAra haiN| isa grantha ke likhane kA prayojana granthakAra ne yadyapi nijabhAvanA batalAyA hai parantu pravacana- bhakti bhI isakA prayojana rahA hai| granthArambha karate hue granthakAra 'jina' ko namaskAra karake kevalI aura zrutakevaliyoM ke dvArA kathita niyamasAra ke kahane kA saGkalpa karate haiN|" pazcAt vyavahAra aura nizcaya donoM nayoM kI dRSTi se ratnatraya kA kathana karate haiN| prathama jIvAdhikAra ke anta meM granthakAra nizcaya-vyavahAra tathA dravyArthika-paryAyArthika donoM prakAra ke naya-vibhAjanoM kA samanvaya karate haiM - kattA bhottA AdA poggalakammassa hodi vvhaaraa| kammajabhAveNAdA kattA bhottA da nnicchydo|| 18 / / davvatthieNa jIvA vadirittA puvvbhnnidpjjaayaa| pajjayaNayeNa jIvA saMjuttA hoti duvihehiN|| 19 / / dazama parama bhaktyAdhikAra ke prArambha meM granthakAra vyavahAranaya kI apekSA se usakI prazaMsA meM likhate haiM-'jo zrAvaka athavA muni ratnatraya meM bhakti karatA hai athavA guNabheda jAnakara mokSagata puruSoM meM bhakti karatA hai use nivRtti- bhakti (nirvANabhakti) hotI hai| 28 anta meM granthakAra apanI saralatA ko batalAte hue hRdaya ke bhAva ko prakaTa karate haiM-'pravacana kI bhakti se kahe gaye niyama aura niyamaphaloM meM yadi kucha pUrvAparavirodha ho to samayajJa (AgamajJa) usa virodha ko dUra karake samyak pUrti kre|29 kintu IrSyAbhAva se isa sundaramArga kI yadi koI nindA kare to unake vacana sunakara jinamArga ke prati abhakti na kare kyoMki yaha jinopadeza pUrvAparadoSa se rahita hai| yahA~ pUrvAparavirodha-parihAra kI bAta karake granthakAra donoM nayoM kA samanvaya karanA cAhate haiM, ise sunakara IrSyA bhAva utpanna hone kI sambhAvanA ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue granthakAra vyavahAra nayAzrita bhakti ko na chor3ane kI bAta karate haiN| isa taraha granthakAra saralahRdaya se kisI eka naya kA aikAntika grahaNa abhISTa na mAnate hue pUrvAparavirodharahita syAdvAda kA siddhAnta hI pratipAdana karanA cAhate haiN| 5. aSTapAhuDa darzanAdi sabhI pAhuDoM ke prArambhika padyoM meM varddhamAna Adi tIrthaGkaroM ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| zIlapAhuDa meM zIla aura jJAna ke avirodha ko batalAte hue likhA hai ki zIla ke binA paJcendriya ke viSaya jJAna ko naSTa kara dete haiN| ata: sahI jJAna ke lie cAritra apekSita hai| liGgapAhuDa meM kevala bAhyaliGga se dharmaprApti mAnane vAloM ko pratibodhita kiyA gayA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki granthakAra kA pathabhraSTa bAhyaliGgI sAdhuoM ko hI pratibodhita karanA mukhya lakSya rahA hai| isa taraha isa grantha meM bhI donoM nayoM kA samanvaya dekhA jA sakatA hai| 6. dvAdazAnuprekSA isakA prArambha siddha aura caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM ke namaskAra se hotA hai| antima se pUrvavartI do gAthAoM (89-90) meM anuprekSAoM kA mAhAtmya batAkara unake cintana se mokSa gaye puruSa ko bArambAra namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| antima gAthA kundakundAcArya ke granthoM ke marmajJa kisI vidvAn ke dvArA jor3I gaI jAna par3atI hai kyoMki vahA~ 'jaM bhaNiyaM kundakundamuNiNAhe' vAkya kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai jabaki paJcAstikAya kI antima gAthA meM 'mayA bhaNiyaM, kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| dvAdazAnuprekSA kI pUrI antima gAthA isa prakAra hai - idi NicchayavavahAraM jaM bhaNiyaM kundkundmunninnaahe| jo bhAvai suddhamaNo so pAvaI prm-nnivvaannN||91|| isa gAthA meM granthakAra ke nizcaya-vyavahAra ke samanvaya ko spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA gayA hai| 'suddhamaNo' zabda se yahA~ ekAnta Agraharahita vItarAga-hRdaya kA saGketa kiyA gayA hai| 238

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7. bhaktisaMgraha yaha pUrNataH bhaktigrantha hone se Adi se anta taka vyavahAranayAzrita hai| jaise-'titthayarA me pasIyantu'36, 'AroggaNANalAhaM diMtu samAhiM ca me bodhiM'37, 'siddhAsiddhiM mama disatu'38, 'dukkhakhayaM diMtu '39 'maMgalamatthu me NiccaM '40, 'NivvANassa hu laddho tumheM pasAeNa'41 'eyANa NamukkArA bhave bhave mama suhe diMtu 42 ityaadi| ye kathana apekSAbheda se siddhAntaviparIta nahIM hai| bAhyarUpa se dekhane para lagatA hai ki pUrNa zuddha nizcayanaya kA pratipAdana karane vAle AcArya kundakunda IzvarakartRtvavAcaka vyavahAraparaka vAkyoM kA prayoga kaise kara sakate haiM? parantu nizcaya aura vyavahAra ke samanvaya ke icchuka AcArya ke ye prayoga anupapanna nahIM haiM, kyoMki taTastha nimittakAraNoM ko bhaktivaza yahA~ sakriyanimitta kAraNoM ke rUpa meM kahA gayA hai jo 'syAt' pada ke prayoga se asaGgata nahIM hai| isa prakAra granthakAra ke sabhI granthoM ke avalokana se siddha hotA hai ki unheM ubhayanayoM kA samanvaya abhISTa hai jo jinamata ke anukUla hai| isIlie ve zuddha nizcayanaya se siddhAdi ke prati bhaktibhAva kA niSedha karate hue bhI pratyeka grantha ke prArambha meM kahIM kahIM madhya aura anta meM bhI, siddhAdi ke prati namaskAra rUpa bhakti ko pradarzita karate haiN| bhaktisaMgraha pUrNataH bhakti kA piTArA hai| isI prakAra bAhyaliGga kA niSedha karake bhI usakA na kevala pratipAdana hI karate haiM apitu svayaM bhI bhAvaliGga ko dhAraNa bhI karate haiN| zuddha nizcaya se saMsArI aura mukta AtmAoM ko niyamAsAra meM janma-jarAdi rahita, samyaktvAdi ATha guNoM se naya alaMkRta, atIndriya, nirmala, vizuddha aura siddhasvabhAvI kahA hai| parantu kyA apekSAbheda se itanA kahane mAtra se saMsArI aura mukta samAna ho jAyeMge? aisA hone para mukti ke lie prayatna hitopadezAdi saba vyartha ho jaayeNge| kiJca vahIM paradravya ko heya aura sva ko upAdeya kahA hai| kyA nizcayanaya se heyopAdeya bhAva bana sakatA hai? kabhI nahIM sambhava hai| yaha heyopAdeya bhAva vyavahAranaya se hI sambhava hai| ataH granthakAra ke kisI eka kathana ko upAdeya mAnanA ekAntavAda ko svIkAra karanA hai jo syAdvAdasiddhAnta se mithyA hai| jaba taka samagra dRSTi se cintana nahIM kareMge taba taka granthakAra ke mata kA sahI mUlyAGkana nahIM kara skeNge| granthakAra ne kina paristhitiyoM meM kinake lie nizcayanaya kA upadeza diyA hai, yaha dhyAna dene yogya hai| vyavahAra (abhUtArtha) ko heya unhoMne kabhI nahIM kahA apitu use hI pakar3akara baiTha jAne athavA usakI oTa meM jIvikA calAne kA niSedha kiyA hai| AcArya ne svayaM 'samayasAra ke kartRkarmAdhikAra ke anta meM donoM nayoM se atikrAnta samayasAra hai kisI eka nayAzrita nahIM' kahakara sArabhUta apane samanvayavAdI dRSTikoNa ko spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA hai - jIve kammaM baddhaM puTuM cedi vavahAraNayabhaNidaM / suddhaNayassa du jIve abaddhapuTuM havaI kammaM / / 141 / / kammaM baddhamabaddhaM jIve evaM tu jANa NayapakkhaM / pakkhAtivaMto puNa bhaNNadi jo so smysaaro|| 142 / / sammaddasaNaNANaM evaM lahaditti Navari vavadesaM / savvaNayapakkharahido bhaNido jo so smysaaro|| 144 / / arthAt vyavahAra naya se jIva meM karma baddha hai parantu nizcayanaya se abaddha - spaSTa hai| 'jIva meM karma ba~dhe haiM athavA nahIM ba~dhe haiM' aisA kathana naya pakSa hai parantu jo isase dUra (pakSAtikrAnta) hai vahI samayasAra hai| jo zuddha AtmA meM pratibaddha hai, donoM nayoM ke kathana ko kevala jAnatA hai, kisI bhI nayapakSa ko grahaNa nahIM karatA hai, vahI pakSAtikrAnta hai| jo sabhI nayapakSoM se rahita hai vahI samayasAra hai| yaha samayasAra hI samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra hai| isa taraha AcArya kundakanda ke sabhI granthoM meM nizcaya-vyavahAra kA samanvaya dekhA jAtA hai jo jaina darzana ke anukUla aura yuktisaGgata hai| uparokta vivecanA se yahI niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki AcArya kundakunda ne kahIM bhI ekAnta kA poSaNa nahIM kiyA apitu zrAvaka evaM sAdhu kI bhUmikA ke anusAra hI vyavahAra tathA nizcayanaya sApekSa samanvayAtmaka dRSTi se upadeza kiyA hai| yaha Alekha unake lie vizeSa paThanIya mananIya hai jo kundakunda AcArya ko nizcayanaya ke poSaka ghoSita karate hue nizcayanaya kI dhvajA phaharA rahe haiN| sandarbha sUcI - 1. iMdasadavaMdiyANaM tihuannhidmdhur-visdvkkaannN| 239

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aMtAtIdaguNANaM Namo jiNANaM jidabhavANaM / / samaNamuhuggadamaTuM caduggadinivAraNaM snnivvaannN| eso paNamiya sirasA samayamimaM suNaha vocchaami|| paJcAstikAya, prathama, zrutaskandha, gAthA-1-2 abhivaMdiUNa sirasA apuNabbhavakAraNaM mhaaviirN| tesiM payatthabhaMgaM maggaM mokkhassa vocchaami|| vahI, dvi.zruta., gAthA -105 2. evaM pavayaNasAraM paJcatthiyasaGgahaM viyaannittaa| jo muyadi rAgadose so gAhadi dukkhaparimokkhaM / / muNiUNa etadadvaM tadaNugamaNujjhado nnihdmoho| pasamiyarAgaddoso havadi hadaparAvaro jiivo| paJcA. pra. zruta., gAthA-103-104 3. paJcA. 107, 160 4. paMcA. 161, 163 5. paJcA. 166, 168, 170, 171 6. paJcA. 169 7. paJcA. 169 (vahI) 8. maggappabhAvaNaTuM pavayaNabhattippacodideNa myaa| bhaNiyaM pavayaNasAraM paJcatthiyasaGgahaM suttaM / / paJcA.dvi.zruta.,gAthA 173 9. samayasAra, gAthA 2 10. vaMditu savvasiddhe dhuvamacalamaNovamaM gaI patte / vocchAmi samayapAhuDamiNamo suyakevalI bhaNiyaM / / samayasAra, gAthA 1 11. samaya. 3-4 12. taM eyattavihattaM dAehaM appaNo svihvenn| jadi dAejja pamANaM cukkijja chalaM Na ghetavvaM / / samayasAra, gAthA-5 13. vavahAreNuvadissaI NANissa carittadasaNaM nnaann| Na vi NANaM Na caritaM Na desaNaM jANago suddho|| samayasAra, gAthA-7 14. jaha Na vi sakkamaNajjo aNajjabhAsaM viNA u gaaheuN| taha vavahAreNa viNA paramatthuvaesaNamasakkaM / / samayasAra, gAthA-8 tathA dekhie, vahI gAthA 9-10 15. vavahAro'bhUyattho bhUyattho desido du suddhnno| bhUyatthamassido khalu sammAiTThI havaI jiivo|| samayasAra, gAthA-11 16. suddho suddhAdeso NAyavvo prbhaavdrisiihiN| ____ vavahAradesidA puNa je du aparame TThidA bhaav|| samayasAra, gAthA-12 17. samayasAra, gAthA 12 (TIkA) 18. pAkhaMDIliMgesu va gihaliMgesu vA bhuppyaaresu| kuvvati ja mamattaM tehiM Na NAyaM samayasAraM / / samayasAra, gAthA-413 19. vavahArio puNa Nao doNNi vi liMgANi bhaNaI mokkhphe| NicchayaNao Na icchai mokkhapahe savvaliMgANi / / samayasAra, gAthA-414 20. tamhA du jo visuddho cedA so Neva giNhae kiNci| Neva vimuMcaI kiMcivi jIvAjIvANa dvvaann|| samayasAra, gAthA-407 21. samayasAra, gAthA-415 22. pravacanasAra, gAthA 201 23. pravacanasAra, gAthA 254, jayasenAcArya ttiikaa| 240

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24. NiyameNa ya jaM kajjaM taNNiyamaM nnaanndNsnncritN| vivarIyapariharatthaM bhaNidaM khalu sAramidi vynn|| niyamasAra, gAthA-3 25. niyama. gAthA 2, 4 26. niyama. gAthA 184, 186 (dekheM, niyamasAra Ti. naM.29-30) 27. niyama. gAthA 1 28. sammattaNANacaraNe jo bhattiM kuNai sAvago smnno| tassa duNivvudibhattI hodi tti jiNehi paNNattaM / / mokkhaMgayapurisANaM guNabhedaM jANiUNa tesiM pi| jo kuNadi paramabhattiM vavahAraNayeNa parikahiyaM / / niyamasAra, gAthA- 134-135 29. NiyamaM Niyamassa phalaM NiddiDhe pavayaNassa bhttiie| puvvAvaravirodho jadi avaNIya pUrayaMtu smynnhaa|| niyamasAra, gAthA-184 30. IsAbhAveNa puNo keI jiMdaMti suMdaraM maggaM / tesiM vayaNaM socA'bhatti mA kuNaha jinnmgge|| NiyabhAvaNANimittaM mae kadaM nniymsaarnnaamsudN| NaccA jinovadesaM puvvAvaradosaNimmukkaM / / niyamasAra, gAthA- 185-186 31. darzanapAhuDa, gAthA 1, 2 32. zIlapAhuDa, gAthA 2 33. dhammeNa hoi liMgaMNa liMgametteNa dhmmsNpttii| jANehi bhAvadhammaM kiM te liMgeNa kaayvvo|| liMgapAhuDa, gAthA 2 jo pAvamohidamadI liMgaM ghettUNa jinnvriNdaanne| uvahasai liMgi bhAvaM liMgaMNasedi liMgINaM / / liMgapAhuDa, gAthA-3 34. dvAdazAnuprekSA, gAthA 1 35. paJcAstikAya, gAthA 173 36. tIrthaGkara- bhakti 6 37. tIrthaGkara- bhakti 7 38. tIrthaGkara- bhakti 8 39. yogibhakti 23 40. AcArya bhakti 41. AcAryabhakti 7 42. paJcaguru bhakti 43. jArisayA siddhappA bhavamalliya jIva tArisA hoti / jaramaraNajammamukkA aTThaguNAlaMkiyA jenn|| niyamasAra, gAthA 47 asarIrA aviNAsA aNidiyA NimmalA visuddhppaa| jaha loyagge siddhA taha jIvA saMsidI nneyaa|| ede savve bhAvA vavahAraNayaM paDucca bhaNidA hu| savve siddhasahAvA suddhaNayA saMsidI jiivaa|| niyamasAra, gAthA-48-49 44. niyamasAra, gAthA 50 45. dekheM, liMgapAhuDa, aSTapAhuDa, TippaNa naM. 33 241

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jaina aura bauddha dharma-darzanoM meM sAmya-vaiSamya bhAratIya darzanoM meM jaina tathA bauddha donoM kI gaNanA nAstika darzanoM meM kI jAtI hai, jo sarvathA anucita hai| ina donoM ko avaidika darzana yA zramaNa darzana kahanA yuktiyukta hai| ye donoM darzana svarga, naraka, mokSa, punarjanma Adi sabhI kucha mAnate haiN| sRSTikartA Izvara ko na mAnane se inheM nAstika nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai, anyathA sAMkhyadarzana aura mImAMsAdarzana ko bhI nAstika kahanA hogaa| ye donoM dharma paramparA se sanAtana haiM, parantu vartamAna zAsanakAla kI apekSA mahAvIra aura buddha dvArA pracArita mAne jAte haiN| kabhI bhramavaza kucha vidvAn ina donoM ko eka mAnate the, parantu donoM pRthak-pRthak haiN| ina donoM meM pAye jAne vAle pramukha sAmya-vaiSamya ke bindu nimna prakAra haiM - 1. bhagavAn mahAvIra aura bhagavAn buddha donoM samasAmayika haiN| mahAvIra kA janma I.pU. 599 meM caitra zuklA trayodazI ko huA thA tathA nirvANa I.pU. 527 meM kArtika kRSNA amAvasyA ko huA thaa| kevala jJAna I.pU. 557 meM vaizAkha zuklA dazamI ko huA thaa| jIvana kAla lagabhaga 72 varSa thA tathA dharmopadeza (tIrtha-pravartana) kAla 29 varSa 5 mAsa 20 dina thaa| DaoN.nandakizora devarAja ke anusAra bhagavAn buddha kA janma I.pU. 623 meM vaizAkha pUrNimA ko huA thaa| paiMtIsa varSa kI avasthA meM ASAr3ha pUrNimA ko bodhilAbha (kevalajJAna) prApta karake tathA 45 varSoM taka dharmacakra pravartana karate hue 80 varSa kI avasthA meM I.pU. 543 meM vaizAkha pUrNimA ko nirvANa prApta kiyA thaa| parantu yaha samaya nirNaya sahI nahIM hai| ye bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samakAlIna yA kucha paravartI hai| DaoN. bI.ena. siMha ne janma 563 I.pU. mAnA hai tadanusAra 483 I. pU. nirvANa sambhava hai| 2. mahAvIra (janma nAma varddhamAna) ke pitA kA nAma thA rAjA 'siddhArtha' tathA pramukha gaNadhara kA nAma thA 'gautm'| buddha ke janmakAla kA nAma thA siddhArtha tathA mausI dvArA pAlita hone se gautama RSi ke gotra meM utpanna hone se gautama nAma par3A thaa| 3. donoM ke janma tathA vihAra-kSetra kA sambandha pramukha rUpa se bihAra tathA uttara pradeza ke Asa-pAsa rahA hai| 4. jaina dharma meM tatkAlIna 363 matavAdoM ko tathA bauddha dharma meM 62 matavAdoM kA ullekha milatA hai, jinameM pArzvanAtha kA caturyAma bhI sammilita thaa| 5. jaina dharma meM 24 tIrthakara hue tathA bauddha dharma meM buddha ke 24 avtaar| 6. jaina dharma meM mahAvIra ke upadezoM ko unake gaNadharoM ne grantha rUpa meM (aGga aura aGgabAhya) gumphita kiyA, jise maukhika paramparA se agrasara hone ke kAraNa 'zruta' kahA gyaa| inakI bhASA ardha-mAgadhI thii| bauddha paramparA meM bhI unake anuyAyiyoM (AcAryo) ne buddha ke upadezoM ko tripiTaka ke rUpa meM nibaddha kiyA jinakA saGkalana pAlibhASA (prAkRta kA eka prakAra) meM kiyA gyaa| 7. donoM ne apane upadeza tatkAlIna janabhASA meM die| 8. donoM saMsAra ke prANiyoM ke duHkhoM se dravita hue aura vairAgya kA mArga svIkAra kiyaa| 9. donoM dharmoM meM ahiMsA, vItarAgatA aura karuNA kA upadeza pradhAnatA se diyA gyaa| ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha ko Avazyaka btlaayaa| 10. saMsAra aura mokSa ke kAraNa-kArya kI vyAkhyA jaina dharma meM sAta tattvoM ke rUpa meM aura bauddha dharma meM cAra AryasatyoM ke rUpa meM kI gii| cAra Aryasatya haiM duHkha, duHkhasamudaya (du:kha ke kAraNa), duHkhanirodha aura duHkhanirodha maarg| sAta tattvoM meM bhI yahI hai jIva, ajIva (ina donoM ke saMyoga se hI duHkha rUpa saMsAra banatA hai), Asrava, bandha (ye donoM du:kha ke kAraNa haiM), saMvara, nirjarA (ye donoM du:khanirodha kA mArga banate haiM) aura mokSa (du:khanirodha yA nirvaann)| 11. mahAvIra kI paramparA meM candragupta ke zAsanakAla taka (mahAvIra nirvANa ke 162 varSoM taka) saGgha meM vighaTana kA sUtrapAta nahIM huaa| bauddha dharma meM bhI 100 varSoM taka saGghabheda nahIM huaa| yahIM se saGghabheda ko sUtrapAta huA aura jo 242

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bAda meM samrATa azoka ke zAsana kAla meM spaSTa rUpa se ho gyaa| AcArya vasumitra ne aura cInI yAtrI itsiGga ne 18 nikAyoM meM vibhakta hone kA ullekha kiyA hai| jaina dharma prArambha meM digambara aura zvetAmbara ke rUpa meM vikasita huA parantu bAda meM unameM bhI avAntara bheda ho ge| aisA hone para bhI mUla siddhAntoM meM prAyaH matabheda nahIM hue| bauddhoM meM Aja do prakAra se bheda milate haiM- (1) hInayAna, mahAyAna aura (2) vaibhaassik-sautraantik-yogaacaar-maadhymik| 12. donoM ne saMsAra ke sabhI padArthoM meM kSaNikatA ko dekhA, parantu jainoM ne usa kSaNikatA meM nityatA ko bhI banAye rakhA aura dravya kI paribhASA kI utpAdavyaya-dhrauvyayuktaM st| 'sat drvylkssnnm|' arthAt utpatti vinAza ke sAtha jo dhruva (nitya) bhI haiM vahI sat hai| sat hI dravya hai| kUTastha nitya sat nahIM ho sktaa| sarvathA anitya bhI sat nahIM ho sktaa| bauddhoM ne nityatA ko sire se nakAra diyA, parantu santAna paramparA ko mAnakara use eka prakAra se santati nityatA pradAna kara dii| unhoMne sat kA lakSaNa kiyA 'arthakriyAkAritvaM sat' arthAt jisameM arthakriyA kI sAmarthya ho vahI sat hai| yaha arthakriyA kUTastha nityatA meM sambhava nhiiN| 13. donoM ne vedoM meM na to prAmANya svIkAra kiyA aura na unako apauruSeya svIkAra kiyaa| 14. donoM meM Izvara ko isa jagat kA sRSTikartA, pAlanakartA aura saMhArakartA svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| saba jIva apane puruSArtha se yA kuzala karmoM se mahAn banate haiN| 15. jainoM ne mukti ke lie samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra rUpa ratnatraya ko Avazyaka maanaa| ye tInoM milakara mokSamArga banAte haiM pRthak-pRthak tIna mArga bhaktiyoga, jJAnayoga va karmayoga nahIM haiN| bauddha granthoM meM ise hI aSTAGgamArga kahA hai samyagdRSTi, samyak saGkalpa, samyagvAk, samyak karmAnta, samyagAjIva, samyagvyAyAma, samyak smRti aura samyak smaadhi| inameM prathama do prajJA se, antima do samAdhi se tathA madhyavartI cAra zIla se sambandhita haiN| ina tInoM ko ratnatraya kahA hai jo jainoM ke ratnatrayavat haiN| 16. saMsAra ke mukhya kAraNa ajJAna (avidyA yA mithyAtva) aura tRSNA (AkAMkSA, lobha) ko donoM ne svIkAra kiyA hai| bauddhoM kA pratItya samutpAda (dvAdazanidAna) isameM pramANa hai| tRSNA ke jAte hI saMsAra cakra samApta ho jAtA hai| jainoM meM bhI karmabandha ke kAraNoM ko ginAte hue mithyAtva (ajJAna) ko sarvaprathama batalAyA 'mithyAdarzanAvirati-pramAdakaSAya-yogA bndh-hetvH'| inameM kaSAya (krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha) kA jaba yoga hotA hai, tabhI karmabandha hotA hai| 'sakaSAyatvAjjIvaH karmaNo yogyAn pudgalAnAdatte saH bndhH|' cAroM meM lobha yA tRSNA yA moha sarvapramukha hai| isake hone para hI krodhAdi hote haiN| inake haTate hI vyakti jIvanmukta (arhat) ho jAtA hai| 17. punarjanma, svarga-naraka, karmasiddhAnta ko donoM svIkAra karate haiN| 18. bauddha darzana meM jise samAdhi (samprajJAta-asamprajJAta) kahA hai use jaina darzana meM dhyAna (dharma dhyAna aura zukla dhyAna) kahA hai| 19. aneka AtmAoM ko jainoM ne svIkAra kiyA hai, jo apane puruSArtha se paramAtmA bana sakatA hai| vaha sApekSa dRSTi se anitya hokara nitya haiN| bauddha darzana anAtmavAdI kahA jAtA hai, unake yahA~ vyakti paJca skandhAtmaka hai, nitya nahIM hai| 20. donoM meM caturvidha saGgha (sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka, zrAvikA) kI vyavasthA hai| sAdhu ko zramaNa, sAdhvI ko zramaNI, gRhastha ko zrAvaka aura gRhasthinI strI ko zrAvikA kahA gayA hai| donoM ne striyoM ko barAbarI kA darjA diyA aura sAdhvI bhI bnaayaa| 21. buddhatva prApti meM kramaza: uttarottara zreSTha cAra bhUmiyA~ (par3Ava) hInayAna meM batalAI haiM- zrotApanna (muktimArga para ArUDha), sakRdAgAmI (eka janma lekara yA kucha kAla bAda mokSa pAnA), anAgAmI aura arhat (jiivnmukt)| mahAyAna meM pramuditA Adi 10 bhUmiyA~ ginAI haiN| isI taraha hInayAna meM bodhisatva prApti ke lie 6 pAramitAyeM (dAna, zIla, kSAnti, vIrya, dhyAna aura prajJA) tathA mahAyAna meM 10 pAramitAyeM batalAI haiN| jaina darzana meM AtmavikAsa ke 14 guNasthAna batalAye haiM jo uttarottara zreSTha haiN| unake kramaza: nAma haiM- mithyAtva, sAsAdana, mizra, avirata samyaktva, dezavirata pramatta virata, apramatta virata, apUrvakaraNa, anivRttikaraNa, sUkSma sAmparAya, upazAntamoha, kSINamoha, sayogakevalI aura ayoga kevlii| inameM prathama cAra guNasthAna avratI zrAvaka (gRhastha) ke haiN| pA~cavA~ aNuvratI zrAvaka kA hai| isake bAda ke sabhI guNasthAna muni (sAdhu) ke haiN| sAdhu chaThe aura sAtaveM guNasthAna meM prAyaH rahate haiN| Age 12veM taka dhyAna kI avasthAyeM haiN| 13-14vA~ guNasthAna jIvanmukta arhantoM kA hai| AThaveM se 12veM taka do mArga 243

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haiM upazama mArga (8 se 11) aura kSayika mArga (8 se 12) / upazama mArga vAlA patita hokara chaThe yA pahale guNasthAna taka gira sakatA hai| kSayika mArga vAlA giratA nahIM hai, arhatattva taka jAtA hai| 22. kamoM kA vibhAjana bauddha darzana meM kuzala-akuzala aura avyAkRta ke rUpa meM milatA hai jise jaina darzana meM puNya__ pApa karma ke rUpa meM vibhakta kiyA hai| ghAti-aghAti ke rUpa meM bhI kamoM kA vibhAjana hai| jJAnAvaraNAdi 8 bheda bhI haiN| 23. mukta yA nirvANa hone para bauddha darzana meM kevala duHkhAbhAva kahA hai jabaki jaina dharma meM duHkhAbhAva tathA atIndriya ananta catuSTaya (ananta sukha, ananta vIrya, ananta jJAna aura ananta darzana) kI prApti rUpa kahA hai| 24. bauddha dharma meM 'jIva' ko 'pudgala' kahA hai jabaki jainadarzana meM 'pudgala' zabda jIva (cetana-AtmA) se bhinna jar3a tattva ke lie prayukta hai| 25. mahAvIra aura buddha donoM ko kevalajJAna yA bodhi kI prApti vRkSatala meM huI thii| 26. jaina dharma meM kaThora tapasyA to hai parantu Avazyaka nhiiN| citta kI nirmalatA kI pradhAnatA hone se eka prakAra se bauddhoM kI taraha madhyama mArga hI hai| 27. yAjJika hiMsA tathA janmanaH jAtivAda kA khaNDana donoM meM hai| bAhya kriyAoM kI apekSA Abhyantara bhAvoM kA pradhAnya bhI donoM meM hai| bAda meM bAhya kriyAoM ko bolabAlA donoM dharmoM meM samAviSTa ho gyaa| 28. mahAyAnI bauddha dharma meM svIkRta paramArtha satya aura saMvRtti satya kI tulanA jainoM ke nizcayanaya aura vyavahAranaya se kI jA sakatI hai| isase syAdvAda siddhAnta kA poSaNa hotA hai| vijJAnAdvaita kA Alaya vijJAna (bIjarUpa) aura pravRttivijJAna (bAhya vastu kA jJAna) bhI syAdvAda kI ora saGketa karatA hai| 29. jainAcArya yazovijaya jI ne bauddhoM ke kSaNikavAda ko RjusUtra naya meM sthAna dekara samAdara kiyA hai| 30. jainoM ne (pratyakSa aura parokSa) do prakAra ke pramANa mAnakara parokSa ke antargata smRti, tarka, pratyabhijJAna, anumAna aura Agama ko bhI pramANa mAnA hai| bauddha darzana meM pratyakSa (svalakSaNa) aura anumAna (sAmAnya viSaya grAhI) ye do pramANa mAne haiN| jaina darzana meM pramANa ko sAmAnya-vizeSa ubhaya viSayaka kahA hai| parantu bauddha aisA nahIM maante| 31. jaina darzana meM aura bauddha darzana meM jJAna ko pramANa rUpa mAnA hai| indriyArtha sannikarSa Adi ko pramANa nahIM maanaa| bauddha darzana meM svapara vyavasAyAtmaka jJAna ko pramANa nahIM mAnA hai jabaki jaina darzana meM sva para vyavasAyAtmaka (nizcayAtmaka) jJAna ko pramANa mAnA hai| ata: bauddhoM ne pratyakSa pramANa ko nirvikalpaka kahA hai| jaina darzana meM use darzana kahA hai jJAna savikalpaka hI hotA hai| 32. bauddha pramANa aura pramANaphala meM abheda mAnate haiM jabaki jaina bhedAbheda mAnakara jJAna ke sAtha ajJAna nivRtti ko bhI phala mAnate haiN| 33. jaina hetu kA lakSaNa hetu aura sAdhya meM avinAbhAva sambandha yA anyathAnupapatti (sAdhya ke binA hetu kA na pAyA jAnA) ko mAnate haiN| pakSa satva, sapakSasatva aura vipakSavyAvRtatva rUpa trairUpya hetu ko lakSaNa meM denA Avazyaka nahIM mAnate, jabaki bauddha trairUpya hetu ke dvArA asiddha, viruddha aura anaikAntika hetvAbhAsoM kA nirAkaraNa karanA cAhate haiN| jainoM kA kahanA hai ki avinAbhAva sambandha (vyApti) se hI jaba kArya siddha ho jAtA hai to trairUpya kahane kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM hai| 34. donoM ne apane ArAdhyoM ko svasvIkRta siddhAntAnusAra brahmA, viSNu, maheza, svayambhU Adi nAmoM se sambodhita kiyA 35. jaina darzana avatAravAdI nahIM hai, jabaki mahAyAna meM bhagavAn buddha ko loka kalyANArtha karuNAvaza avataraNa haiM, kisI Izvara Adi ke avatAra nahIM haiN| hInayAna meM aura jaina darzana meM vyaktigata nirvANa ko pramukhatA se nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| mahAyAna meM sabake nirvANa kI bAta hai kevala svamukti to svArtha hai|| isa taraha donoM darzanoM meM tulanA kI dRSTi se ye kucha sthUla bindu batalAe gae haiN| inakA sUkSma cintana apekSita hai| lakSya donoM kA eka hai 'duHkhanivRtti' aura duHkhanivRtti ke lie Avazyaka hai sabhI prakAra kI AkAMkSAoM ko tyAgakara vItarAgadRSTi bnaanaa| bhagavAna buddha ne AtmA meM rAga kI tIvratA ko dekhakara anAtmavAda ko apanAyA jabaki mahAvIra ne AtmajJAna ko pramukhatA dekara rAga virakti kA upadeza diyaa| 244

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ikkIsavIM zatAbdI aura zramaNAcAra : eka maulika cintana IzA kI 21vIM zatAbdI kA abhI eka dazaka hI bItA hai aura bhautikatA kI cakAcabandha ne zrAvaka aura zramaNa sabhI ko apane Agoza meM sameTa liyA hai| TI0vI0, kampyUTara, mobAila Adi kI saMskRti ne cAroM ora Aga meM ghI DAlane kA kArya kiyA hai| sukha-suvidhAoM kA ambAra laga jAne se vyakti suvidhAbhogI ho gayA hai| khAne-pIne kI cIjoM meM jaharIlI davAoM, akhAdya vastuoM Adi kI milAvaTa ne zuddhatA ko nigala liyA hai| paryAvaraNa vizAkta ho gayA hai| janasaMkhyA meM vRddhi hone se jaMgala dhIre-dhIre vIrAna ho rahe haiN| upajAU bhUmi baMjara hotI jA rahI hai| zrAvakoM kI dinacaryA bhAgama-bhAga evaM tanAvagrasta hone se unheM adhyAtma ke lie samaya nikAlanA kaThina ho gayA hai| zramaNoM meM bhI bahuvidha zithilAcAra panapane lagA hai| zramaNoM meM zithilAcAra kA praveza karAne meM zrAvaka bhI barAbara ke bhAgIdAra haiN| zrAvaka, sAdhuoM se apanA du:khar3A rote haiM, Arambha-bahula AyojanoM meM unako prabhAvanA ke nAma para khasITate haiN| hITara, kUlara Adi se susajjita mahaloM ko unakI vasatikA banAte haiM, khule maidAna samIpa meM na hone se chatoM yA kamaroM meM zaucAdi karAke sevaka manuSyoM se uThavAte haiM, zaucAlayoM ke prayoga karane ko samaya kI mAMga batalAte haiM, gariSTha AhAra dene kI AvazyakatA batalAte haiM, striyA~ unake samIpa jAkara caraNa sparza karatI haiM, Aja to kaI taraha ke anAcAra bhI zramaNoM ke bAre meM sunane meM A rahe haiN| zrAvaka isa para aMkuza rkheN| ina paristhitiyoM meM zramaNAcAra meM samAgata zithicAra ko kaise rokA jAe? isa para vicAra karane ke pUrva zAstrAnumodita zramaNAcAra para vihaMgama dRSTi DAlanA Avazyaka hai - jaba koI zrAvaka kramaza: Atma-vikAsa kI darzana, vrata Adi pratimAoM kA abhyAsa karate hue uddiSTatyAga nAmaka gyArahavIM antima pratimA meM pahu~cakara 'ailaka' ho jAtA hai taba vaha jaina sAdhu banane kA adhikArI hotA hai| sAdhusaGgha meM rahate hue bhI ailaka avasthA taka vaha zrAvaka kI zreNI meM hI AtA hai| isake bAda usakI yogyatA kA parIkSaNa karake AcArya vidhipUrvaka zramaNa dIkSA dete haiM aura vaha apanI laMgoTI kA bhI tyAga karake digambara muni ho jAtA hai| jaina zramaNa ke lie jina nAmoM kA zAstroM meM prayoga milatA hai unase unake guNoM aura caryA kA bodha hotA hai, jaise zramaNa (zrama = tapazcaraNa karane vAlA yA samatA-bhAva rakhane vAlA), saMyata (saMyamI), muni (cintana-manana karane vAlA), RSi (RddhidhArI), vItarAgI, anAgAra (ghara, strI Adi ke sambandhoM kA tyAgI), bhadanta (saba kalyANoM ko prApta), dAnta (paJcendriya-nigrahI), yati (indriyajayI), bhikSu, yogI (tapasvI), nirgrantha (karmabandhana kI gA~Tha se mukta), kSapaNaka, nizcala, muNDa (RSi), digvAsa, vAtavasana, vivasana (vastrarahita), Arya, akaccha (laMgoTI se rahita) aadi| dhavalA meM zramaNoM ke guNoM ko batalAte hue kahA hai- 'sacce zramaNa ko siMha ke samAna parAkramI, hAthI ke samAna svAbhimAnI, vRSabha ke samAna bhadraprakRti, mRga ke samAna sarala, pazu ke samAna nispRha gocarI vRtti vAlA, vAyu ke samAna niHsaGga (sarvatra bhramaNa karane vAlA), sUrya ke samAna tejasvI yA tattva prakAzaka, samudra ke samAna gambhIra, sumeru ke samAna akampa, candramA ke samAna zAntidAyaka, maNi ke samAna jJAna-prabhApuJjayukta, pRthvI ke samAna sahanazIla, sarpa ke samAna aniyata vasatikA meM rahane vAlA, AkAza ke samAna nirlepa honA caahie| zuddhopayogI vairAgya kI parAkASThA ko prApta, prabhAvazAlI, dayAzIla, pariSaha-vijetA, kAmajayI, upasargavijetA, zAstrokta vidhi se AhAra lene vAlA sAdhu 28 mUlaguNoM tathA caurAsI lAkha uttaraguNoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai| ye mUlaguNa aura uttaraguNa usake aMzataH bahiraMga cihna haiM tathA AkAMkSA-rahita hokara zuddhAtmabhAva meM lIna rahanA antaraGga cihna hai| chaThe guNasthAna se dazaveM guNasthAna taka sAdhu sarAga-cAritravAlA kahalAtA hai aura isake bAda ke guNasthAnoM meM vItarAga cAritra vAlA yA yathAkhyAta cAritradhArI kahA jAtA hai| bhAvarUpa dhyAna kI sthiti meM vaha chaThaveM-sAtaveM guNasthAna meM jhUlA karatA hai| yadi pariNAmoM meM azubha, krUratA Adi rUpa pariNati hotI hai to prathama guNasthAna meM bhI patita ho sakatA hai aura taba vaha sAdhu nahIM raha jAtA hai kyoMki chaThe guNasthAna ko prApta vyakti hI sAdhu kahalAtA hai| yadi koI sAdhu mUlaguNoM ke pAlana karane meM azakta ho jAtA hai to vaha zramaNacaryA pAlana ke yogya nahIM raha jAtA hai| 245

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digambara paramparA meM vRkSamUla ke samAna sAdhu ke 28 mUlaguNa batalAe haiM jinake binA samasta bAhya yoga (kriyAyeM) kisI kAma ke nahIM haiM -5 mahAvrata (ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha), 5 samiti (IryA, bhASA, eSaNA, AdAna-nikSepaNa tathA uccAra-prasravaNa yA pratiSThApanikA), 5 indriyanigraha (sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa, cakSu aura karNa), 6 Avazyaka yA nityakarma (sAmAyika, caturviMzati-stava, vandanA, pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna tathA kAyotsarga) tathA 7 zeSa guNa (loca yA kezaloca, Acelakya yA nagnatva, asnAna, bhUmizayana, adantAdhAvana, sthita-bhojana yA khar3e-khar3e aJjali meM AhAra lenA tathA ekabhakta yA eka bAra dina meM bhojn)| locAdi zeSa 7 guNa digambara sAdhu ke bAhya vizeSa cihna haiN| inake atirikta ahiMsA mahAvrata kI rakSArtha mayUrapiccha aura zauca Adi kriyA ke nimitta prAsuka jalayukta kamaNDalu rkhnaa| kezaloca Adi se zarIra ko kaSTa-sahiSNu tathA jitendriya banAyA jAtA hai| mahAvratoM kI rakSArtha AhAracaryA, vasatikA Adi ke sambandha meM zAstrAnukUla AcaraNa sabase adhika Avazyaka hai| ina saba niyamopaniyamoM kA uddezya hai mahAvratoM meM aticAra (doSa) na lagane denaa| ekala-vihAra, jyotiSa-mantra-tantra Adi kA prayoga, zubhopayogI laukika-kriyAoM kA adhika prayoga, maThoM meM sthAyI nivAsa Adi sarvathA tyAjya haiN| isa taraha zAstroM meM sAdhu kI caryA bahuta kaThina batalAyI gaI hai jo ucita bhI hai kyoMki sAdhu kA uddezya 'AtmakalyANa' hai tathA gRhastha unakI AhArAdi kI vyavathA karake unake kArya meM sahayoga karatA hai| jahA~ bhautikatA kA sAmrAjya phailA huA ho vahA~ isa paJcama kAla kI 21vIM zatAbdI meM to aura bhI adhika kaThina hai| vastuta: 'AtmakalyANa' lakSya hai| ahiMsA aura vItarAgatA kI kasauTI para kasakara samasta kriyAyeM hoN| mUrtipUjaka zvetAmbaroM ne zramaNa ke 27 mUlaguNa batalAe haiM-1-5 pA~ca mahAvrata, 6 rAtribhojana, 7-17 pRthvIkAyikAdi rakSAvrata (pRthvIkAya, apkAya, tejaskAya, vAyukAya, vanaspatikAya, trasakAya, ekendriya, do indriya, tIna indriya, cAra indriya, paJcendriya jIvoM kA rakSAvrata), 18 lobhanigraha, 19 kSamAdi dazadharma pAlana, 20 zubha bhAvanA, 21 pratilekhanAdi zuddha kriyAyeM karanA, 22 saMyama yogavrata, 23-25 mana-vacana-kAya gupti, 26 zItAdi bAIsa parISahajaya, 27 mAraNAntika upasarga sahatva (sllekhnaa)| sthAnakavAsI zvetAmbaroM dvArA mAnya sAdhu ke 27 mUlaguNa haiM- 1-5 pA~ca mahAvrata, 6-10 paJca-indriyasaMyama, 11-14 kaSAya-nivRtti, 15-17 mana-vacana-kAya samAdhAraNa (gupti), 18-20 bhAva-karaNayoga satya, 21-23 jJAnasamyaktva, cAritra sampannatA, 24 kSamA, 25 saMvega, 26 vedanA sahatva (bAIsa pariSahajaya), 27 mAraNAntika upasarga sahatva (sllekhnaa)| zvetAmbaroM ne upAdhyAya aura AcArya ke kramaza: 25 aura 36 guNa batalAe haiM parantu unake nAma digambaroM se bhinna haiN| zvetAmbara sAdhu zvetavastra dhAraNa karate haiM, kucha pAtroM ko AhArAdi hetu rakhate haiM tathA Unanirmita rajoharaNa kA jIvarakSArtha prayoga karate haiN| bhikSAnna gocarI vRtti se 2-3 gharoM se lAkara upAzraya meM ekAdhika bAra grahaNa karate haiN| jala kaI bAra lete rahate haiN| paidala calanA, kevala cAturmAsa meM eka sthAna para rahanA Adi digambaroM ke samAna haiN| sAdhvI kA darjA sAdhu se nIce mAnA gayA hai| vastrAdi upakaraNa rakhane ke kAraNa unakI saphAI Adi karate haiN| dIkSA kA prayojana Atma-kalyANa hai| donoM paramparAoM meM pratipAdita zramaNAcAra ko dekhane se patA calatA hai ki zramaNadIkSA AtmakalyANa ke lie lI jAtI hai| upadeza, dharmaprabhAvanA Adi usake AnuSaGgika kArya haiM; mukhya nhiiN| digambaroM ke 21 mUlaguNoM ke sAtha zvetAmbaroM kA prAyaH koI virodha nahIM hai| zeSa 7 guNoM meM se kevala kezaloca ko chor3akara anya 6 mUlaguNa unake yahA~ nahIM haiN| jinakalpI zramaNa ko acela jarUra kahA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM jaba pArzvanAtha ke ziSya kezI aura mahAvIra ke ziSya gautama gaNadhara paraspara milate haiM to vahA~ mahAvIra kA dharma acela hI batalAyA hai jise pArzvanAtha ke ziSya bhI svIkAra kara lete haiN| aba prazna yaha hai ki digambara zramaNa vartamAna samaya meM kaisI caryA kare ? vasatikA aura AhAra-sAdhu kI vasatikA, upakaraNa aura AhAra ke sambandha meM mUlAcAra Adi granthoM meM bahuta vistAra se vicAra hai| yadi vasatikA aura AhAra zAstrAnukUla hogA to zithilAcAra kA doSa nahIM pnpegaa| isake lie Avazyaka hai ki nagara ke bAhya pradezoM meM aisI vasatikAe~ banavAI jAe~ jahA~ sAdhu ko zaucAdi ke lie anukUla pradeza mila sake tathA sAMsArika kolAhala se dUra rahakara AtmadhyAna kara skeN| AhAra ke lie nagara meM praveza kareM athavA vahIM AhAra kI vyavasthA kI jaae| sAdhu ke sAtha AhArAdi ke nimitta calane vAlI Traka-vyavasthA banda kI jaae| gariSTha bhojana tathA aneka taraha ke vyaJjana bhI na hoM parantu Avazyaka una sabhI tattvoM kA samAveza ho jo zarIra ko svastha rakha skeN| sAdhu 246

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uddiSTatyAgI aura ArambhatyAgI hotA hai aura zrAvaka sAdhu ke nimitta hI AhAra banAtA hai jisase sAdhu dharma meM aticAra AtA hai| yadi zrAvaka atithi-saMvibhAgavratI aura zuddha AhAra karane vAlA ho to sAdhu ko doSa nahIM lgegaa| ataH zrAvaka kA yaha kartavya hai ki vaha zuddha AhArI ho| adantadhAvana, kezaloca, nagnatva, asnAna aura sthita-bhojana ye 5 guNa kabhI-kabhI para-matAvalambiyoM ke dvArA AlocanA ke viSaya banate haiN| jahA~ taka adantadhAvana aura asnAna kA prazna hai so zrAvaka AhAra ke samaya aMzata: parimArjana kara detA hai| sthita-bhojana aisA ho ki annAdi kaNa jamIna para na gire| kezaloca aura nagnatva yadi anyamatAvalambiyoM ko acchA nahIM lagatA to na lge| 'mayUrapiccha' ko lekara bhI kucha logoM ko ahiMsA ko lekara Apatti hai parantu isa viSaya kA jaba taka samucita vikalpa nahIM milatA hai taba taka ise na cher3A jaae| mere vicAra se sabase mahattvapUrNa bAta yaha hai ki sarvaparigraha-tyAgAtmaka vItarAgI yaha zramaNa dIkSA Ayu ke antima par3Ava para kaThina parIkSaNa ke bAda dI jaae| 'ailaka' aura 'kSullaka' ko zrAvaka mahattva deveM aura ve zramaNacaryA kA adhikAMza abhyAsa karate rheN| terApanthI zvetAmbara AcArya tulasI ne isIlie 'samaNa-samaNI' kI paramparA vikasita kI hai jo zramaNa to nahIM hai parantu zramaNacaryA karate/karatI haiN| ve vAhana-prayoga kara sakate haiN| isakA prayoga prabhAvanA ko pracArita karanA hai| digambara bhI kSullaka evaM ailaka se yaha kArya le sakate haiM aura deza-videza meM apane dharma kI prabhAvanA kara sakate haiM kyoMki zramaNa yaha kArya nahIM kara sakatA hai| yadi hama paristhitiyoM kI oTa meM zramaNa ke niyamoM meM DhIla deMge to zithilAcAra bar3hatA hI jaaegaa| ataH Agama-paramparA ko akSuNNa banAe rakhane meM zrAvaka ko Age AnA hogaa| mere vicAra se casmA lagAne meM koI doSa nahIM hai kyoMki isake abhAva meM AhAra Adi kA zodhana ThIka nahIM hogA, ahiMsAvrata meM doSa hogaa| lepaTApa, mobAila Adi ko jJAna sAdhana mAnakara zramaNa na rkhe| TvAyaleTa kA prayoga bhI anucita hai| vizeSa paristhiti meM nadI pAra karane hetu naukA prayoga kara sakate haiM parantu prAyazcitta kareM, yaha apavAda mArga hai| mere mitra zrI jamanA lAla jI jaina sarvodayI vicAradhArA se prabhAvita hokara municaryA sambandhI aneka bAtoM kI AlocanA karate haiM jo AtmakalyANArthI zramaNa ke viSaya meM anupayukta haiN| unakI sarvodayI dRSTi zrAvaka para lAgU ho sakatI hai, zramaNa para nhiiN| TippaNI 1. jainadharma, paM0 kailAza candra jaina, pR0 219-222 2. samaNo tti saMjado tti ya risi muNi sAdhu tti vIdarAgo tti| NAmANi suvihidANaM aNagAra bhadaMta daMto tti / / mU0A0 888, bRhadnayacakra 332, pravacanasAra, tA0 vR0 249, bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA tattvadarzana (A0 dezabhUSaNa jI), pR0 666-673 3. siih-gy-vsh-miy-psu-maarud-suruuvhimdriNdu-mnnii| khidi-uragaMbara-sarisA paramapayavibhaggayA sAhU / / dha0 1/1.1.1./31/51 tathA dekhie paJcAdhyAyI, u0 670 viSayAzAvazAtIto niraarmbho'prigrhH| jJAna-dhyAna-taporaktastapasvI sa prazasyate / / ra0ka0 10 4. mUlaM chittA samaNo jo giNhAdi ya bAhiraM jogN| bAhirajogA savve mUlavihUNassa kiM karissaMti / mU0A0 920 tathA paJcanaMdi paJcaviMzatikA 1/40 mUlAcAra pradIpa 4.312 se 319 cakTuM vA dubbalaM jassa hojja sodaM vA dubbalaM jss| jaMghAbala-parihINo jo Na samattho vihariduM vA / / bha0 A0 73 5. vada-samididiyarodho locaavssymcelmnnhaannN| khidi-sayaNamadaMta-dhovaNaM Thidi-bhoyaNamegabhattaM c| pra0sA0 208, tathA dekheM mUlAcAra 1.2.3 6. navapadArAdhanavidhi, pR0 133 7. jaina stavaprakAza, amolaka RSi 8. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, kezI-gautamIya adhyayana 23.29 9. muni mahArAja ke mUlaguNa : eka cintana, paM0 jamanA lAla jaina, sAranAtha 247

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Ao khoje : saMsAra kI vastueM kisa se banI haiM va karmasiddhAnta (jaina siddhAntoM kA bAlanATya vidyA se kathana) [saMdIpa ke ghara kA adhyayana kakSa cintana kI mudrA meM sNdiip| pitA jI kA praveza] pApA- beTe saMdIpa! kyA kara rahe ho ? saMdIpa- pApA, maiM soca rahA hU~ ki isa saMsAra meM aneka prakAra kI vastue~ haiN| inake mUla meM kyA hai? ye kina tattvoM se banI hai? inheM kisane banAyA hai ? pApA- beTe ! sunAra sone ke kaI AbhUSaNa banAtA hai| ve kisa vastu se banate haiN| unheM yadi galA diyA jAe to kyA bacegA? luhAra lohe ke bahuta se aujAra banAtA hai| kumhAra miTTI se kaI taraha kI cIjeM banAtA hai| inheM tor3a diyA jaae| to kyA bacegA? socA tumne| saMdIpa - hA~ pApA ! sone ke AbhUSaNoM ko galAne para sonA bcegaa| lohe ke aujAra galAne para lohA bacegA aura miTTI ke bartanoM ko galAne para miTTI bcegii| kyoMki inake mUla meM kramaza: sonA, lohA aura miTTI hai| pApA- beTe ! isI taraha Age soco| sone, cA~dI, lohe, pItala Adi kI vastuyeM kisase banatI haiM? saMdIpa-dhAtuoM (Metals) se| pApA- beTe, isI taraha Age vizleSaNa karate-karate hama dekhate haiM ki saMsAra meM dikhalAI par3ane vAlI yA sparza se anubhava meM AnevAlI sabhI vastue~ pRthivI, jala, agni aura vAyu se banI hai| saMdIpa- hA~ pApA ! tabhI kisI vyakti ke marane para loga use jalAne ke bAda kahate haiM ki amuka kA zarIra pRthivI, jala, agni aura vAyu meM vilIna ho gyaa| pApA- kyA isase bhI Age socA hai? saMdIpa- nahIM pApA ! batalAo na paapaa| pApA - beTe ! pRthivI, jala, agni aura vAyu eka hI tattva se bane haiM jinheM jainadarzana meM 'pudgala' kahA jAtA hai| pRthivI, jala, agni aura vAyu alaga-alaga tattvoM se nahIM bane haiM, jaisA tumhAre dosta naiyAyika kumAra kahate haiN| pudgala ke sabhI paramANu rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza guNa vAle haiN| kisI meM rUpa hai, kisI meM rasa hai, kisI meM gandha hai aura kisI meM sparza hai; aisA nahIM hai| pRthvI, jala, agni aura vAyu ina cAroM meM rUpAdi cAroM haiM, bhale hI hameM aprakaTa hone se anubhava meM na aayeN| yaha pudgala tattva jar3a (acetana) hai| pA~coM indriyoM se hama inakA athavA inake rUpAdi guNoM kA hI anubhava kara sakate haiM, anya dravyoM kA nhiiN| arthAt hama ina indriyoM se jo jAnate haiM ve saba pudgala haiM aura acetana tathA rUpa-rasAdi guNa vAle haiN| saMdIpa-kyA cetana bhI koI dravya hai? pApA - hA~ ! cetana dravya ko AtmA kahA jAtA hai| yaha rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza se sarvathA rahita hai| yaha ajara-amara hai| AtmA saMsArAvasthA meM jaba zarIra se yukta hotA hai to use 'jIva' kahate haiN| jJAna aura darzana isakI vizeSa pahacAna (guNa) hai| zarIra pudgala kI paryAya (avasthA vizeSa) hai| AtmA usase pRthak hai| zarIra tabhI taka kAma karatA hai jaba taka usakA AtmA se sambandha rahatA hai| AtmA ke nikala jAne para 'amuka mara gayA' aisA vyavahAra dekhA jAtA hai| saMdIpa- jar3a (pudgala) aura cetana (AtmA) ye do hI mUla dravya haiM athavA anya bhI dravya haiN| pApA - hA~ ! inake alAvA cAra dravya aura mAnane pdd'eNge| jaise-gamana meM sahAyaka gatidravya (dharmadravya), Thaharane meM sahAyaka sthiti dravya (adharmadravya), dravyoM meM pratikSaNa hone vAle parivartana meM nimitta kAraNa kAladravya aura sabhI dravyoM kA AdhArabhUta (sthAna dene vAlA) AkAza (space) / ye cAroM jar3a haiM parantu pudgala se bhinna hai| inameM rUpa, rasa Adi nahIM haiN| saMdIpa - inheM mAnane kI AvazyakatA kyA hai? 248

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pApA - beTe ! yadi dharmadravya (gati dravya Lumoniferous-ether) nahIM hogA to kriyAvAn dravyoM (pudgala aura jIva) meM gatizIlatA kaise banegI? isI prakAra Thaharane kI sthiti meM Thaharane meM sahAyaka bhI koI honA cAhie aura usakA nAma hai 'adharma dravya' (sthitidravya Field) / ye donoM balAt na to kriyA karAte haiM aura na ThaharAva apitu udAsIna bhAva se kriyA aura sthiti meM sahAyaka (nimitta) mAtra haiM aura ye donoM sarvaloka meM vyApta haiN| yadi aisA nahIM mAneMge to sadA gamana kriyA yA sthiratA banI rahegI yadi 'kAla' (Time) ko nahIM mAneMge to dravyoM meM hone vAle parivartana kI vyAkhyA sambhava nahIM hai| sadA ekarUpatA banI rhegii| isI taraha AkAza (space) ko na mAnate para ye sabhI dravya kahA~ rahate ? AkAza ananta hai, eka hai aura vyApaka hai| 'kAla' ratnoM kI rAzi kI taraha paramANuoM ke rUpa meM samasta lokAkAza (AkAza kA vaha kSetra jahA~ pudgala Adi sabhI dravyoM se yukta sRSTi hai) meM hai| isI kAla ke kAraNa vastuoM meM parivartana hotA hai aura vartamAna, bhUta aura bhaviSya kAla kA vyavahAra hotA hai| saMdIpa- kyA saMsAra ko banAne vAlA Izvara nahIM hai? Izvara ko mAna lene para usase hI gati, sthiti Adi mAna leNge| (manoramA mammI kA praveza) manoramA- Apa donoM kyA kara rahe haiM? skUla nahIM jAnA kyoM ? bhojana ThaMDA ho rahA hai| pApA - calo beTe, mammI ThIka kaha rahI haiN| hama Age kala vicAra kreNge| (sabhI cale jAte haiN|) (saMdIpa aura naiyAyika kumAra paraspara bAteM kara rahe haiN| isI bIca saMdIpa ke pApA jI kA prvesh| saMdIpa aura naiyAyika kumAra uThakara abhivAdana karate haiM aura yathAsthAna baiTha jAte haiM) saMdIpa- pApA jii| Apane kahA thA ki isa saMsAra meM mUlata: cha: dravya haiM-pudgala (rUpI acetana), cetana (AtmA yA jIva), dharma (gati-nimitta kAraNa), adharma (sthiti-nimitta kAraNa), AkAza (Azraya hetu) aura kAla (parivartana hetu) / inake alAvA sRSTikartA Izvara ko mAnane kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| so kaise ? hamAre mitra naiyAyika kumAra kA kahanA hai ki Izvara ko svIkAra kiye binA saMsAra vyavasthA bana hI nahIM sktii| maiM inheM sAtha le AyA huuN| kRpayA btlaaeN| pApA- beTe ! Izvara na to isa jagat ko banAne vAlA hai, na daNDa dene vAlA hai aura na kRpA karane vAlA hai| arthAt Izvara na janaka hai, na saMhAraka hai aura na pAlanakartA hai| naiyAyika kumAra-'binA kartA ke kArya nahIM hotA' aisA niyama hai| per3a-paudhe Adi kArya (utpanna hote) haiM aura unakA kartA hamameM se koI dikhalAI nahIM par3atA hai| ata: unakA kartA to Izvara ko mAnanA pdd'egaa| jaise hama dekhate haiM ki kumhAre ghar3e ko banAtA hai, nyAyAdhIza aparAdhI ko daNDa detA hai aura rAjA prajA kA pAlana karatA hai, usI prakAra sarvazakti sampanna, sarvavyApaka, dayAlu aura sarvajJa koI eka Izvara hai, jo saMsAra ke samasta kAryoM kA saJcAlana adhiSThAtA ke rUpa meM karatA hai| anyathA samaya se sUryodaya kA honA, samaya se RtuoM kA AnA Adi kucha bhI nahIM hogaa| pApa karmoM kA aura puNya karmoM kA phala mRtyu ke bAda kauna degA? per3a-paudhoM, jantuoM, pazuoM aura manuSyoM ke zarIra kI vyavasthita saMracanA kaise hogI? pApA - naiyAyika jI! ApakA yaha cintana sAmAnya dharAtala kA hai kyoMki ina kAryoM ke lie Izvara mAnane para kaI asaGgatiyA~ hoNgii| jaise-jaba Izvara dayAlu hai to saMsAra meM prANiyoM ko duHkha bhogane ke lie kyoM utpanna karatA hai? 'prANI pUrva baddha karmoM (pApa-puNya) se duHkhI aura sukhI hotA hai' aisA nahIM kaha sakate kyoMki sRSTi ke prArambha meM koI bhI prANI na to pApI thA aura na punnyaatmaa| Izvara jaba sarvazakti sampanna hai to use apanI krIr3A (lIlA) hetu prANiyoM ko kaSTa nahIM denA caahie| sabako apane jaisA banA lenA cAhie, sabake mana meM acche vicAra bhara deve| sarvakalyANa kI bhAvanA se vaha aisA kyoM nahIM karatA? kyA isameM koI rukAvaTa DAlatA hai? yadi pUrva karma rukAvaTa haiM to Izvara sarvazakti sampanna aura dayAlu kaise huA? vaha to karmoM ke adhIna ho gayA, jaise loka meM rAjA ke adhInastha krmcaarii| yadi Izvara 'pUjA' se saMtuSTa hotA hai to vaha kaisA Izvara? vaha to Ajakala ke ghUsakhora aphasaroM jaisA rAga-dveSa yukta ho gyaa| yaha bAta Apako bhI abhISTa nahIM hai| (nAzte kI pleTeM lie hue manoramA jI kA prvesh)| manoramA-nAztA kara lo| bhUkhe peTa bhajana nahIM hotaa| Aja mandira meM pUjA ke bAda rasagulle ba~Te haiN| Apa saba loga leveN| maiM jAtI huuN| pApA- arI saubhAgyavatI ! tuma bhI Aja yahIM baittho| saba milakara nAztA kreNge| 249

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naiyAyika (nAztA karate hue)-Apa loga bhI to maMdiroM meM mahAvIra bhagavAna (tIrthaGkara) kI pUjA karate haiM aura kAmanAoM kI pUrti hetu unase prArthanAe~ karate haiN| yaha dviraMgI cAla kaisI? eka tarapha to Apa Izvara kA niSedha karate haiM aura dUsarI ora hamArI taraha Izvara kI upAsanA karate haiN| dekhie na ! abhI-abhI mAtA jI maMdira se upAsanA karake AI haiN| saMdIpa- pApA jI ! isakA kyA jabAba hogaa| pApA - beTe ! naiyAyika ne bahuta acchA prazna kiyA hai| suno ! jainadharma meM aisA koI anAdi Izvara nahIM hai jo saMsAra racanA Adi karatA ho| yaha eka prAkRtika niyama hai| hama jo Izvara (arhanta aura siddha) kI upAsanA karate haiM vaha kisI phala kI AkAMkSA se nahIM krte| jainoM kA Izvara kevala saguNoM ke cintana kA AdhAra hai| unake saguNoM ke cintana se hamAre vicAroM meM nirmalatA AtI hai| kahA hai 'yAdRzI bhAvanA yasya siddhirbhavati tAdRzI' jisakI jaisI bhAvanA hotI hai use vaisI hI siddhi hotI hai| vicAroM kI nirmalatA se pUrvabaddha karma naSTa hote haiM aura hameM abhISTa phala kI prApti Izvara ke binA hastakSepa ke anAyAsa ho jAtI hai jaise TI0 vI0, TelIphona, kampyUTara Adi vaijJAnika upakaraNa svica Ana hote hI apane Apa kArya karanA prArambha kara dete haiM vaise hI vicAroM kI vAstavika nirmalatA se abhISTa phala kI prApti anAyAsa hI ho jAtI hai| jainoM kA Izvara aisA nahIM hai jo saMsAra ke kisI kArya meM ruci letA ho, kyoMki vaha pUrNavItarAgI aura AptakAma (pUrNa saMtuSTa) hai| eka samaya vaha Izvara bhI hamAre Apa ke jaisA prANI thaa| usane apane mana ke pariNAmoM kI nirmalatA se apanI zakti aura svarUpa ko pahacAnA aura hamezA ke lie sAMsArika duHkhoM se mukta hokara Izvara ho gyaa| hama bhI vItarAgatA pUrNa vaisA hI sadAcaraNa karake Izvara bana sakate haiN| jainoM ke Izvara se tAtparya hai AtmA kA zuddha svarUpa meM sthita ho jaanaa| isIlie yahA~ pratyeka AtmA ko paramAtmA (Izvara) kahA jAtA hai| manoramA- svAmina ! Izvara ke bAre meM kucha aura btlaayeN| pApA- saMsAra se mukti kI sAdhanA karate hue jaba hama aisI avasthA ko prApta ho jAte haiM jahA~ se usI janma meM pUrNamukti (videha mukti-siddhAvasthA) avazyaMbhAvI ho jAtI hai to use jIvanmukta yA arhat (cAra prakAra ke jJAnAdi guNoM ke pratibandhaka ghAtiyA karmoM se rahita) kahate haiM / ye arhat hI dharmopadeza dvArA jagat kA sAkSAt kalyANa karate haiM kyoMki ye pUrNavItarAgI aura sarvajJa hote haiN| Ayu ke pUrNa hone para arhat ke zarIra kA bhI jaba visarjana ho jAtA hai to use videhamukta yA siddha (ghAtiyA aura zeSa aghAtiyA sabhI karmoM se pUrNamukta, azarIrI avasthA) kahate haiN| jainoM ke yahA~ ye donoM hI Adarza puruSa yA Izvara yA devAdhideva ArAdhya haiM, anya nhiiN| ye du:khoM se rahita, ananta atIndriya Atmika sukhoM se yukta, vItarAgI, aparigrahI aura sarvajJa hote haiN| saMsAra kI sRSTi Adi se inheM koI prayojana nahIM hai kyoMki ve vItarAgI haiN| ve saMsAra meM avatAra bhI nahIM lete| loka-vyavahAra meM upacAra se unheM duHkha bhaJjaka kahA jAtA hai| isIlie sRSTikartA ke rUpa meM Izvara ko mAnane kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| isake sAtha hI hamAre yahA~ bhagavAna ko car3hAyA gayA prasAda nahIM khAte kyoMki vaha nirmAlya hai| bhagavAn ko car3hAyA gayA dravya yA prasAda anya kisI ko yA gAya Adi ko de diyA jAtA hai| naiyAyika- acchA pApA jI ! Apane karmakSaya kI bAta kahI vaha karma-siddhAnta kyA hai? btlaayeN| pApA- kala jaba pikanika para caleMge taba vahIM btlaayeNge| aba samaya ho gayA hai| abhI Avazyaka kArya se jAnA hai| (saba cale jAte haiM) [saMdIpa ke ghara meM padyaprabhu ke kalyANakoM se pavitra tathA yamunA nadI ke suramya taTa para sthita prabhASagiri jAne kI taiyArI cala rahI hai| isI bIca usake mitra bhI A jAte haiN| sabhI loga eka meTADora lekara pikanika manAne tathA pharavarI 1996 meM hone vAle paJcakalyANaka kI taiyArI dekhane prabhASagiri prasthAna karate haiN|) saMdIpa- (rAste meM kucha logoM ko dekhakara) pApA! saMsAra meM kucha loga sukhI haiM to kucha duHkhI, aisA kyoM ? kucha loga jJAnI haiM to kucha ajJAnI kyoM haiM? koI acche kula meM aura acchI jAti meM to kucha nIca kula meM aura nimna jAti meM kyoM janma lete haiM? koI vyApAra meM bahuta zrama karatA hai parantu use lAbha nahIM hotaa| koI sAmAnya zrama karake bhI bahuta lAbha prApta karatA hai| koI sau varSa taka jIvita rahatA hai to koI jaldI mara jAtA hai| koI bImAra rahatA hai to koI svastha rahatA hai| koI pApa karma chor3anA cAhatA hai parantu chor3a nahIM pAtA hai| kucha loga sundara haiM aura haSTa puSTa haiM to kucha asundara aura durbala kyoM haiM? koI dhanavAna hai parantu sukhI nahIM hai| koI garIba hai parantu sukhI hai| koI deva gati meM, koI manuSya gati meM, koI pazu gati meM, koI naraka gati meM kyoM janma letA hai? koI puruSa, koI strI, koI napuMsaka kyoM? 250

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pApA- beTe! ye prazna bahuta gambhIra haiN| tumane to eka sAtha kaI prazna pUMcha lie| isI taraha ke anya aneka prazna sambhava haiN| ye saba sthitiyA~ hamAre pUrvabaddha karmoM ke nimitta se hotI hai| Aja hama jaise acche yA bure karma kareMge unakA phala hameM Age meM yA agale janmoM meM milegaa| rAgadveSa rUpa pariNAmoM ke nimitta se hamAre andara krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha Adi rUpa pariNati hotI hai| krodhAdi kA nimitta pAkara karma-paramANu hamArI AtmA ke sAtha milakara usake Upara eka AvaraNa banA lete haiM jisase hamAre AtmIya jJAna-sukha Adi guNa prakaTa nahIM ho paate| aise karma mUlarUpa meM ATha prakAra ke haiM jinake nimitta se sukha-duHkha, jJAna-ajJAna, janma-maraNa Adi paristhitiyA~ utpanna hotI haiN| isakA yaha tAtparya nahIM ki saba kucha pUrvabaddhakarmoM (bhAgya) ke nimitta se hI hotA hai| puruSArtha bhI usameM nimitta banatA hai| ye karma jaba apanA phala dene ke lie tatpara (udaya ko prApta) hote haiM taba usa samaya hamAre bhAvoM meM yadi vItarAgatA ke pariNAma hote haiM to Age karmabandha nahIM hotA, yadi rAga-dveSAdijanya krodha, hiMsA Adi azubha bhAva hote haiM to punaH pApa karmoM kA bandha hotA hai aura yadi paropakArAdi zubha bhAva hote haiM to puNya kamoM ko bandha hotA hai| puNya karmoM ke nimitta se aizvarya, sukha, kIrti, jJAna Adi kI prApti hotI hai aura pApa karmoM ke nimitta se daridratA, duHkha, apakIrti, ajJAna Adi kI prApti hotI hai| mokSAvasthA saba karmoM se pUrNa rUpa se chuTakArA pAne para milatI hai| isake lie hameM prathamata: pApa karmoM se virakta honA caahie| saMdIpa- pApA ! ATha karma kauna se haiM aura unake kArya kyA haiM? pApA- beTe! AtmA kI jAnane (jJAna) kI svAbhAvika zakti ko AvRtta karane meM nimitta kAraNa jJAnAvaraNIya karma hai| saba prakAra ke jJAna ke pUrva hone vAle darzanarUpa sAkSAtkArAtmaka zakti ko AvRtta karane meM nimitta kAraNa darzanAvaraNIya karma hai| jo bAhya Alambana ke milane para sukha-duHkha kA bhoga (vedana) karAne meM nimitta hai vaha vedanIya karma haiN| yaha karma sukha-duHkha kA vedana karAne meM nimitta kAraNa mAtra hai, bhautika sampatti kI prApti meM kAraNa nahIM, kyoMki bhautika sampatti kI prApti vyavasAya yA puruSArtha se hotI hai tathA sampatti ke hone para sukhI honA aura na hone para duHkhI honA aisA niyama nahIM dekhA jAtA hai| jisake rahane para rAga-dveSAdirUpa mohabhAva hoM aise nimitta kAraNa ko mohanIya karma kahate haiN| yaha sabhI karmoM meM pradhAna (rAjA) hai| isIke kAraNa hama cAhate hue bhI rAga-dveSa ko nahIM chor3a paate| isake haTate hI anya karmoM ke AvaraNa dhIre-dhIre Ayu pUrI hone taka haTa jAte haiM aura AtmA zuddha svarUpa ko pAkara saMsAra cakra se sadA ke lie mukta ho jAtA hai| Ayukarma AtmA ko manuSya, deva Adi paryAya dhAraNa karane meM nimitta hai arthAt jIva kI Ayu (zarIra kI sthiratA se manuSya Adi ke jIvita rahane kI samaya-sImA) kA nirdhAraNa Ayukarma se hotA hai| vividha prakAra kI zubhAzubha zarIra kI saMracanA Adi meM nimitta kAraNa hai naamkrm| AtmA ke U~ca aura nIca bhAva yA jAti hone meM nimitta hai gotrkrm| AtmA ke dAna, bhoga Adi rUpa bhAvoM ke na hone meM kAraNa hai antarAya karma arthAt jisa karma ke prabhAva se sabhI anukUlatAoM ke rahane para bhI kAryasiddhi nahIM hotI hai use antarAya karma kahate haiN| 'dAna dene kI abhilASA rahane para bhI kisI vyavadhAna ke A jAne para dAna na de pAnA' yaha isI karma ke kAraNa hai| yaha karma jJAnAvaraNAdi karmoM ke sAtha rahakara vahA~ bhI vyavadhAna karatA hai| ye hI ATha karma haiN| Ayukarma ko chor3akara zeSa sAta karma prati samaya baMdhate rahate haiM tathA phala dekara jhar3ate bhI rahate haiN| Ayu karma ke bAre meM vizeSa bAda meM btaayeNge| manoramA- karma kI yahI carcA karate rahoge yA basa se nIce utroge| dekho, hama prabhASagirI pahu~ca cuke haiN| pApA- are hA~! hama karma-carcA meM itane kho gaye ki kucha patA hI nahIM claa| calo, aba hama loga utreN| karma-viSayaka zeSa carcA aba hama bAda meM kreNge| ( sabhI basa se nIce utarate haiN| prabhASagiri meM sabhI loga darzana, pUjana aura bhojana ke bAda maMdira jI ke prAMgaNa meM baiThe haiM) saMdIpa- paapaa| Apa kamoM ke bAre meM batalA rahe the, unake sambandha meM kucha vizeSa btlaayeN| pApA- beTe tumane dekhA , hamAre jIvana ke sAtha karma chAyA kI taraha jur3e hue haiN| jaba taka jIva ke sAtha karma kA sambandha rahatA hai taba taka vaha saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA rahatA hai| hamArI pratyeka kriyA karma se prabhAvita hotI hai| iSTa ke saMyogaviyoga se athavA aniSTa ke saMyoga-viyoga se sukha duHkha kI anubhUti honA, jJAna ajJAna kI hInAdhika avasthA kI prApti honA, zarIra saMracanA kI vividhitAyeM honA, U~ca nIca kula meM janma lenaa| svarga, narka, tiryaMca aura manuSya gati kI prApti honA, alpAyu yA dIrghAyu pAnA, akAla mRtyu honA, kArya siddhi meM vighna AnA, saMsAra ke viSayoM meM moha banA rahanA, dharma meM AsthA na honA, Adi saba kArya karma ke AvaraNa kI maujUdagI athavA usake hInAdhika AvaraNa ke hone para hote haiN| 251

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inameM phala kI tathA sthAyitva kI hInAdhikatA karma ke AvaraNa ke anusAra hotI hai| ye karma eka sacce nyAyAdhIza kI taraha jIva kI pratyeka kriyA ko likhate se jAte haiM aura tadanusAra phala dete haiN| karmoM kA phalabhoga avazyambhAvI hai| acche karmoM kA sukhakara phala milatA hai aura khoTe karmoM kA duHkhakara phala, anya ke lie kiyA gayA karma bhI, kartA ke dvArA hI bhogA jAtA hai, anya ke dvArA nhiiN| yahA~ itanA vizeSa hai ki yaha karma siddhAnta bhAgyavAda kA poSaka nahIM hai apitu purUSArthavAda kA samarthaka hai| isameM bhAgya aura puruSArtha kA samanvaya hai| naiyAyika- hamane sunA hai, Apake yahA~ karma ke ghAtiyA aura aghAtiyA ye do bheda haiN| isakA tAtparya kyA hai| pApA- naiyAyika jii| Apane ThIka hI sunA hai| AtmA meM do prakAra ke guNa haiN| 1. anujIvI svAbhAvika guNa yA vizeSa guNa 2. pratijIvI (sahayogI) guNa yA sAmAnya gunn| vizeSa guNa ve haiM jinase AtmA ko pahacAnA jAtA hai aura jo kevala AtmA meM pAe jAte haiM, anya dravyoM meM nhiiN| jaise jJAna, darzana, sukha aura vIrya (shkti)| sAmAnya guNa ve haiM jo AtmA ke atirikta anya dravyoM meM bhI pAe jAte haiN| jaise avagAhanatva, arUpatva aadi| ina donoM prakAra ke guNoM meM se jinase anujIvI guNoM kA ghAta (AvaraNa) hotA hai unheM ghAtiyA: karma kahate haiM aura jinase pratijIvI guNoM kA ghAta (AvaraNa) hotA hai unheM aghAtiyA karma, kahate haiN| vastutaH donoM ghAtiyA hI haiM, apekSA bheda se unheM ghAtiyA aura aghAtiyA kahA jAtA hai| ghAtiyA karma cAra haiM- jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura antraay| zeSa cAra vedanIya, Ayu, nAma aura gotra, aghAtiyA karma haiN| pradhAnatA ghAtiyA karmoM kI hai kyoMki inake haTane para zeSa cAra aghAtiyA karma Ayu pUrI hone para nizcaya se haTa jAte haiN| isIlie ghAtiyA karmoM ke haTane para jIva ko jIvanmukta kahA hai aura aghAtiyA karmoM ke bhI haTa jAne para videha mukta yA siddha kahA jAtA hai| siddha avasthA prApta hone ke bAda punaH saMsAra meM Agamana nahIM hotA hai| ghAtiyA karmoM meM bhI mohanIya karma sabase prabala hai| vaha jaise jaise haTatA jAtA hai vaise vaise anya ghAtiyA karma bhI haTate jAte haiN| jainadarzana meM guNasthAna vyavasthA (AtmavikAsa ke caudaha sopAna) isI para AdhArita haiM jisakI vyAkhyA bAda meM kreNge| abhiSeka-tattvArtha sUtra meM AcArya umAsvAmI ne vedanIya ko mohanIya ke pUrva tathA antarAya ko sabase anta meM kyoM kahA hai? vahA~ karmoM kA krama isa prakAra batalAyA gayA hai- jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, vedanIya, mohanIya, Ayu, nAma, gotra aura antraay| vahA~ pahale ghAtiyA karmoM kA phira aghAtiyA kamoM ko kyoM nahIM kahA? pApA- beTe! bahuta gaharI soca hai tumhaarii| aisA hai ki antarAya karma ghAtiyA to hai| para vaha nAma, gotra aura vedanIya ina tIna karmoM ke sAtha milakara hI apane kArya meM pravRtta hotA hai| isI taraha vedanIya karma sukha duHkha kA vedana binA mohanIya ke nahIM karA sktaa| ata: use mohanIya ke pahale kahA hai| itanA aura vizeSa hai ki vedanIya ko upacAra se ghAtiyA bhI kahA hai tathA antarAya ko aghaatiyaa| kyoMki sukha-duHkha kA vedana hone para hI mohanIya sakriya hotA hai aura antarAya karma anya karmoM ke sahayoga se kArya karatA hai| manoramA- svAmin / Ayu karma ke sambandha meM vizeSa bAta kyA hai| kRpayA spaSTa kreN| pApA- cAra gatiyoM ke AdhAra para Ayu karma ke cAra bheda haiM-narakAyu, tiryaJcAyu, manuSyAyu aura devaayu| Ayu karma kA bandha jIvana meM eka bAra hotA hai, zeSa sAta karmoM kA bandha pratikSaNa hotA rahatA hai| hamArI mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika kriyA ke hote hI pudgala karma-paramANu AtmA kI ora AkRSTa hote haiN| yadi usa samaya jIva meM krodhAdi kaSAyeM yA rAga dveSa bhAva hote haiM to karma paramANu rAgAdi kI tAratamyatA ke anusAra AtmA se bandha ko prApta ho jAte haiN| rAgAdi ke na rahane para ve karma paramANu turanta jhar3a jAte haiM, AtmA se bandha nahIM hotaa| jaba karmoM kA bandha hotA ho to unakA Ayukarma ko chor3akara zeSa sAta kamoM ke rUpa meM yogyatAnusAra vibhAjana ho jAtA hai| jaise hamAre bhojana kA rakta, majjA, vIrya Adi rUpoM meN| Ayukarma kA bandha sampUrNa Ayu ke tRtIya bhAga zeSa rahane para hotA hai| jaise - kisI jIva kI sampUrNa Ayu 99 varSa kI hai, to vaha 66 varSa ke bAda 33 varSa zeSa rahane para agale bhava ke Ayu karma kA bandha kregaa| aba yadi usa samaya Ayu karma ke bandha kA nimitta nahIM milatA hai to vaha zeSa Ayu ke tribhAga meM Ayu karma kA bandha kregaa| isI krama se Age bhI tribhAga-tribhAga karate jAnA cAhie jaba taka Ayukarma na bNdhe| viSabhakSaNa yA durghaTanA ke hone para jaba akAla mRtyu hotI hai to tatkSaNa Ayu karma ba~dha jAtI hai| eka bAra narakAdi Ayu karma ba~dhane ke bAda meM phira nahIM badalatA, usameM Ayu sImA ghaTa bar3ha sakatI hai, pariNAmoM ke anusaar| manISA- pApA / maiM bhI kucha pUchanA cAhatI huuN| 252

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pApA- beTI / sUryAsta hone jA rahA hai| calo, pahale sAyaMkAlIna bhojana kara leM, pazcAt rAtri meM puna: carcA kreNge| [tIrtha kSetra papausA jI kI jaina dharma zAlA meM rAtri sAta baje kA samaya / pAsa meM aGgIThI jala rahI hai| saba loga usake cAroM ora karma siddhAnta kI carcA karane baiThe haiN| bahU arcanA kA praveza) arcanA- pitA jI! kyA hama bhI ApakI jJAnagoSThI meM baiTha sakate haiN| maiMne apane patideva se ApakI karmasiddhAnta kI bAteM suniiN| bar3I acchI lgiiN| ve kaha rahe the tuma bhI jJAnagoSThI meM AyA kro| pApA- bahU! tuma mAyake se A gii| Ao tuma bhI baittho| manISA- pApA! 'kina kAryoM ke karane se kauna sA karmabandha hotA hai aura kyA aura kaise usa karmabandha se bacA jA sakatA hai batalAe~ saba loga jAnanA cAhate haiN| pApA-beTI! isase pUrva yaha samajho ki karmabandha hotA kaise hai! mana, vacana aura zarIra kI kriyA ko jaina darzana meM 'yoga' kahA gayA hai| loka vyavahAra meM 'yoga' zabda kA prayoga dhyAna ke artha meM prayukta hai jisakA artha hai 'mana' vacana aura zarIra kI ceSTAoM ko rokakara kisI eka kendra bindu para lagAnA yaha artha yahAM nahIM lenaa| mana, vacana aura kAyA kI pravRtti rUpa yoga ke hone para Atma pradezoM meM parispanda (saJcalana) hotA hai jisake kAraNa jar3a karma paramANu AtmA kI ora AkRSTa hote haiN| jaise cumbaka kI ora lohA AkRSTa hotA hai| karmoM ke isa Agamana ko 'Asrava' kahate haiN| acche uddezya se kI gaI kriyA prazasta (zubha) mAnI jAtI hai aura khoTe uddezya se kI gaI kriyA aprazasta (azubha)mAnI jAtI hai| ata: AtmA ke zubha pariNAmoM (dayA, satya vacana, paropakAra Adi bhAvoM) se jo yoga hotA hai use 'zubha yoga' kahate haiM aura azubha pariNAmoM (hiMsA, asatyavacana, corI, IrSyA Adi bhAvoM) se jo yoga hotA hai use azubha yoga kahate haiN| zubha yoga se puNya karmoM kA aura azubha yoga se pApa karmoM kA pradhAnatA se Asrava hotA hai| arcanA- pitA jI! kyA jina karmoM kA Asrava hotA hai, ve sabhI bandha ko prApta hote haiM? yadi aisA hai to hameM kabhI bhI karmabandha se chuTakArA nahIM mila sakatA hai| pApA- bahU! jina karmoM kA Asrava hotA hai ve sabhI bandha ko prApta nahIM hote| apitu ve hI bandha ko prApta hote haiM jo rAgAdibhAvoM se prerita hote haiN| bandha cAra prakAra kA hotA hai - (1) prakRti bandha (karma kA Asrava hote hI usameM jJAnadarzana ko rokane, sukha-duHkha dene Adi kA svabhAva banAnA arthAt karmoM kA jJAnAvaraNIya Adi rUpa se vibhAga honA), (2) pradezabandha (eka kAla meM jitane karma paramANu bandha ko prApta hote haiM unakA parimANa yA saMkhyA), (3) sthitibandha (ba~dhane vAle karma kA AtmA ke sAtha kaba taka sambandha rahegA aisI kAla maryAdA kA nizcita honA) aura (4) anubhAga bandha yA anubhava bandha (karmabandha ke samaya hI karma ke phala dene kA hInAdhika zakti kA nizcita honaa)| ina cAra prakAra ke karmabandha prakAroM meM prathama do prakAra ke karmabandha to yoga ke nimitta se pratisamaya sotejAgate barAbara hote rahate haiM parantu zeSa do prakAra kA karmabandha tabhI hotA hai jaba rAga-dveSAdi bhAva hoM yA krodhAdi kaSAyarUpa pariNAma ho| rAga-dveSa yA kaSAyoM kI tIvratA aura mandatA se sthiti bandha aura anubhAga bandha meM antara par3atA hai| isIlie kaSAya sahita yoga ko 'sAmparAyika Astrava' (sthiti bandha aura anubhAga bandha meM pramukha kAraNa) kahate haiM tathA kaSAyarahita yoga ko 'IryApatha Asrava' (mAtra prakRti bandha aura pradeza bandha meM kAraNa) kahate haiM arthAt jaise gIlI dIvAla para par3I huI dhUli dIvAla ke sAtha cipaka jAtI hai vaise hI kaSAya sahita yoga se grahaNa kie gae karma AtmA se saMparka kara cipaka jAte haiM, bandha ko prApta ho jAte haiN| yadi dIvAla meM gIlApana na ho, sUkhI ho to vaha dhUli dIvAla se cipakatI nahIM tatkAla jhar3a jAtI hai, isI taraha karmoM ko jaba Atmastha rAga-dveSarUpa gIlApana nahIM milatA to ve AtmA se tatkAla alaga ho jAte haiN| ata sthiti aura anubhAga bandha ke abhAva meM prakRti- pradeza bandha nagaNya hai| pahale se dasaveM guNasthAna taka jIva hInAdhika kaSAya sahita hote haiM tathA usake Age ke guNasthAna vAle muni kaSAyarahita avasthA vAle hote haiN| isIlie unheM karmabandha nahIM hotaa| AThaveM se 10veM guNasthAna ke kSAyika zreNI vAle jIva bhI kaSAya rahita hote manISA- pApA! kyA eka sA kAma karane vAloM ko eka hI prakAra kA karmabandha hotA hai yA usameM kucha vizeSatA hai| pApA- beTI! bahuta mahattvapUrNa prazna hai tumhaaraa| kalpanA karo, nimna pA~ca paristhitiyoM se karmabandha hone para-(1) koI vyakti kisI ko mArane kA tIvra bhAva rakhatA hai aura dUsarA mandabhAva rakhatA hai, to donoM kI bAhya kriyA samAna hone para bhI unake sthiti -anubhAga bandha meM tIvra-manda bhAvAnusAra bahuta antara ho jAtA hai| (2) koI vyakti kisI ko jAnabUjhakara mAratA hai aura dUsare vyakti se ajJAnatA meM hiMsA ho jAtI hai| ina donoM meM hiMsA samAna hone para bhI jJAta-ajJAta bhAva ke 253

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kAraNa sthiti-anubhAga bandha meM bahuta antara ho jAtA hai| (3) rAjA, sAdhu yA ucca padastha vyakti ke dvArA bole gae jhUTha aura sAdhAraNa vyakti dvArA bole gae jhUTha meM bahuta antara hai| ucca padastha vyakti ke kathana kA samAja para vyApaka prabhAva par3atA hai jabaki sAdhAraNa vyakti kA kama asara par3atA hai| (4) koI svayaM hiMsA karatA hai, koI dUsaroM se karavAtA hai, koI kevala anumodanA karatA hai, koI kevala mana meM kalpanA karatA hai, koI vacana bhI hiMsAparaka bolatA hai aura koI mana-vacana-kAyA tInoM se hiMsA karatA hai| ina sabake bandha meM antara hai| (5) koI hiMsA karane kI socatA hai para maukA na milane se nahIM kara pAtA aura dUsarA hiMsA karane ke bAre socatA nahIM, sAvadhAnI bhI rakhatA hai phira bhI hiMsA ho jAtI hai| yahA~ hiMsA na karake bhI mana meM saGkalpa karane vAlA jyAdA bandha karatA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki sthiti-anubhAga bandha andhe kAnUna kI taraha nahIM hai| isameM Abhyantara bhAvoM aura paristhitiyoM kA vizeSa mahattva hai| koI dekhe yA na dekhe AtmA ke bhAvoM ke anusAra svacAlita satat kampyUTara yantra kI taraha yaha bandha prakriyA calatI rahatI hai| isameM cUka nahIM hotI bAhara kI kriyAoM se hama koI sahI nirNaya nahIM kara sakate / vyakti svayaM apane karmoM se anumAna lagA sakatA hai, yadi niSpakSa dRSTi se vicAra kre| arcanA- pitA jI! kyA paJcakalyANaka Adi dhArmika AyojanoM se bhI karmabandha hotA hai? pApA- bahU ! samayocita prazna hai tumhaaraa| isa para dinAMka 23.2.96 ko hone vAlI akhila bhAratavarSIya vidvatsaGgoSThI meM isa para vistAra se vicAra kiyA jaayegaa| phira bhI itanA samajha lo ki ina dhArmika AyojanoM se alpa pApabandha jarura hotA to hai parantu puNya bandha adhika hotA hai kyoMki yaha janakalyANakArI prazasta karma hai| abhiSeka - pApA bar3I nIMda A rahI hai| pApA - acchA beTe tuma ThIka kahate ho| calo aba so jAo kyoMki nIMda kI sthiti meM ThIka nahIM samajha skoge| kala prAtaH paJcakalyANaka kI bhUmipUjA meM bhI jAnA hai| kina kAryoM se kisa karma kA bandha hotA hai (bhUmi pUjana ke bAda, zAstra sabhA meM ekatrita hone para samUha meM se eka zrotA paMDita jI se vahI prazna karate haiM jo beTI manISA ne pUchA thA - 'kina kAryoM ke karane se kisa karma kA bandha hotA hai) eka zrotA- mahAzaya, ApakI jJAnagoSThI meM karma siddhAnta kI carcA cala rahI hai| hama sabhI loga jAnanA cAhate haiM ki kina kAryoM ke karane se kisa karma kA Azrava va bandha hotA hai aura kaise usa karmabandha se bacA jA sakatA hai! paMDita jI- pahale yahA~ para yaha jAna lo ki pratyeka karmabandha ke jo alaga-alaga kAraNa batalAe jA rahe haiM ve kevala usI karma ke bandha ke kAraNa nahIM haiM apitu anya karmoM kA bhI sAtha meM bandha karAte haiM, jaisA pahale batalA cuke haiM ataH jainAcAryoM ne anubhAgabandha kI adhikatA kI dRSTi se alaga-alaga kAraNa batalAe haiM jaise - 1, 2. jJAnAvaraNIya evaM darzanAvaraNIya karmabandha ke kAraNa-jJAnAvaraNa aura darzanAvaraNa ke alaga-alaga kAraNa nahIM hai| jJAna aura darzana (jJAnapUrva avasthA) meM vyavadhAna karanA, jJAna yA jJAnI ke prati IrSyAbhAva rkhnaa| jaise (1) koI tattva jJAna kA upadeza karatA ho to mukha se kucha na kahakara mana meM usase IrSyAbhAva rakhanA (prdvess)| (2) kisI ke pUchane para jAnate hue bhI kahanA ki maiM nahIM jAnatA yA pustaka Adi jJAnasAmagrI ke mA~gane para pAsa meM hote hue bhI kaha denA mere pAsa nahIM hai (nihnv)|, (3) zAstra jJAna hone para bhI dUsaroM ko isalie na batAnA ki ve jAna jAyeMge aura mere varAvara jJAtA ho jAyeMge (mAtsarya), (4) jJAnAbhyAsa meM kisI bhI taraha kA vighna DAlanA jisase dUsarA vyakti jJAnArjana na kara sake (antraay)|, (5) sacce jJAnI kI prazaMsA na karanA (aasaadnaa)|, (6) nirdoSa jJAna meM jhUThe dUSaNa lgaanaa| yahA~ itanA vizeSa hai ki duSTa vyakti ke hone para pustaka Adi na dene para jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA bandha nahIM hogA sambhava hai vaha pustaka vApisa na kare yA usakA durupayoga kre| isI taraha anya kAraNa bhI jAna lenA / .(3) sAtAvedanIya karmabandha ke kAraNa- dayA karanA, dAna denA, sarAga saMyama kA pAlana karanA, bAla tapa (AtmajJAna hIna tapa), kSamA bhAva (krodha zamana), lobha tyAga (zauca) karanA, arhanta pUjA, maMdira jAnA, vaiyAvRtti karanA, paJcakalyANaka karavAnA aadi| pAtrAdi ke bheda se dayA, dAna Adi ke phala meM antara par3atA hai| asAtA vedanIya karmabandha ke kAraNa 254

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pIr3A se dukhI honA, priya vastu ke viyoga hone para zoka karanA, apamAna hone para saMtApa karanA, dukhI hokara cillAcillAkara ronA (Akrandana), bahuta adhika ronA jisase sunane vAlA dravita ho jAe (paridevana), jAna se mAranA aadi| isa taraha svayaM dukhI honA yA dUsaroM ko dukhita karanA asAtAvedanIya karmabandha ke kAraNa haiN| eka zrotA- yadi svayaM dukha uThAne aura dUsaroM ko dukha meM DAlane se asAtAvedanIya karma kA bandha hotA hai to muni dukhakara keza loca, upavAsa, tapa Adi kyoM karate haiM? dUsaroM ko bhI vaisA karane kA upadeza kyoM dete haiM? paMDita jI- bandhu! krodhAdi ke vazIbhUta hokara jo duHkha svayaM uThAyA jAtA hai yA dUsaroM ko diyA jAtA hai usase asatAvedanIya karmabandha hotA hai| tIrthaGkaroM ne saMsAra ke duHkhoM se pIr3ita jIvoM ke kalyANArtha vaisA upadeza diyA hai| jaise eka DaoN. rogI ke roga ko dUra karane ke lie usake zarIra kI cIra-phAr3a karatA hai| usakA uddezya dUsaroM ko duHkha dene kA nahIM hotA hai apitu use svastha karane kA hotA hai| muniyoM ko keza loca Adi se svayaM ko bhI duHkha nahIM hotA kyoMki unheM zarIra se nirmamatva bhAva ho jAtA hai, kaSTa sahana karane kA abhyAsa ho jAtA hai| yaha Atmazakti ko pahacAnane se hotA hai| jaise eka garIba vyakti bhISaNa garmI meM binA paMkhe ke sar3aka para ArAma se so jAtA hai parantu dhanI vyakti bijalI ke abhAva meM rAtabhara tar3apatA rahatA hai| yaha kramaza: zarIra kI sahana-kSamatA evaM akSamatA kA prabhAva hai| isa kSamatA ko hI muni jAgRta karate haiM, vahA~ kaSAyeM nahIM haiN| (4) darzanamohanIya karmabandha ke kAraNa- arhanta kevalI, jinavANI, munisaGgha ahiMsA dharma aura sacce devoM ke svarUpa para doSAropaNa karanA, nindA karanA, devatA madirApAna karate haiM, arhata hamArI taraha bhojana karate haiM, zAstroM meM mAMsa bhakSaNa niSiddha nahIM hai Adi khnaa| muni kI nagnAvasthA kI khillI ur3AnA, unheM zUdra kahanA ityAdi se bhI dharma zraddhAna meM rukAvaTa AtI hai| caritramohanIya karmabandha ke kAraNa- krodhAdi kaSAyoM ke vazIbhUta hokara svayaM krodhAdi karanA, dUsaroM ko bhI krodhAdi kI Aga meM jalAnA, tapasvI muniyoM athavA sadAcArI vyakti ke AcaraNa meM doSa lagAnA aadi| isI prakAra dUsaroM kA upahAsa karanA, bahuta bakavAsa karanA, vratoM meM aruci rakhanA, pApiyoM kI saGgati karanA, dUsaroM meM baicenI utpanna karanA svayaM zokAtura honA va dUsaroM ko bhI zokAtura karanA, svayaM bhayabhIta honA va dUsaroM ko bhayabhIta karanA, acchI kriyAoM meM glAni karanA, paradoSa darzana kI pravRtti honA, rAga kI tIvratA honA, parastrI sevana karanA Adi se bhI cAritra mohanIya (nokarma mohanIya) karmabandha hotA hai| 5 narakAyu karmabandha ke kAraNa-hisAMdi kAryoM meM nirantara pravRtta rahanA, viSaya-bhogoM meM ati Asakti honA, dhanAdi kA adhika saMgraha karanA, raudra dhyAna karanA (hiMsAdi kA satata cintana) Adi azubha bhaav| tiryaJcAyu karmabandha ke kAraNamAyAcArI karanA, svArthavaza mithyAbAtoM kA pracAra karanA, chala-kapaTa karanA, ArtadhyAna karanA (sadA duHkhI rahanA) aadi| manuSyAyu karmabandha ke kAraNa- alpa kaSAya honA, thor3A parigraha rakhanA, sarala vyavahAra karanA, vinamra honA, mRtyu samaya zAntabhAva rakhanA aadi| devAgati aura narakagati kA samyagdRSTi jIva niyama se manuSyAyu karma kA bandha karate haiN| devAyu karmabandha ke kAraNa- devoM ke pramukha cAra prakAra hai- bhavanavAsI, vyaMtara, jyotiSka aura vaimaanik| prathama tIna prakAra ke devoM ko bhavanatrika kahate haiN| ye adhama deva bhI kahalAte haiM yahA~ mithyAdRSTi hI janma lete haiM, samyagdRSTi nahIM / samyagdRSTi jIva vaimAnika deva hote haiN| alpa parigraha rakhanA, alpa kaSAya karanA Adi devAyu ke kAraNa haiN| gRhastha ke aNuvratoM ko dhAraNa karanA (saMyamAsaMyama), mahAvrata lekara muni banane para bhI rAga kA na chUTanA (sarAga saMyama), paJcAgnitapa karanA aadi| 6. azubha nAma karma bandha ke kAraNa- socane, bolane aura karane meM antara honA, cugala khorI karanA, Atma-prazaMsA karanA, para nindA karanA, ghaTa-bar3ha denA lenA, kuTilatA karanA aadi| zubha nAma karmabandha ke kAraNa- jo kAraNa azubha nAma karma ke kahe haiM unase viparIta AcaraNa krnaa| jaise saralatA, sadAcaraNa aadi| tIrthaGkara nAma karmabandha ke kAraNatIrthaGkara (devAdhideva, paramAtmA) vananA bahuta gaurava kI bAta hai| yaha yadyapi karmabandha hai tathApi mukti kA sarvotkRSTa dvAra bhI hai| darzanavizuddhi (samyagdarzana ke sAtha lokakalyANa kI bhAvanA honA) Adi solahakAraNa bhAvanA tIrthaGkara nAma karmabandha ke kAraNa ginAe haiN| una sabameM darzana vizuddhi hI pramukha kAraNa hai| kucha anya kAraNa haiM- vinaya sampannatA, ahiMsAdi vratoM kA doSarahita pAlana, nirantara jJAnArjana bhogoM se udAsInatA, yathAzakti tyAga, yathAzakti tapa Adi sdaacrnn| 7.nIca gotra karmabandha ke kAraNa- dUsaroM kI nindA karanA, apanI prazaMsA karanA, dUsaroM ke sadguNoM ko chupAnA, dUsaroM meM 255 raNA

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durguNa na hone para bhI usameM durguNa batalAnA, apane andara guNa na hone para bhI apane ko aneka guNoM se yukta batalAnA, apanI jAti- vidyA- rUpa Adi kA ahaMkAra karanA, dUsaroM kI kRti ko apanI batAnA aadi| ucca gotra karmabandha ke kAraNa- jo kAraNa nIca gotra karmavandha ke batalAe haiM unase viparIta AcaraNa krnaa| jaise apane doSoM kI chAnabIna karate rahanA, dUsaroM ke acche guNoM ko prakaTa karanA, namratA aadi| 8. antarAya karmabandha ke kAraNa- dAna meM vighna paidA karanA, bhogopabhoga meM bAdhaka bananA, lAbha hone meM bAdhaka honA, zakti ke apaharaNa meM nimitta bnaanaa| arthAt dUsaroM ke lAbha yA utkarSa meM rUkAvaTeM paidA krnaa| isa taraha karmabandha ke kAraNoM kA vicArakara hameM aisA AcaraNa karanA cAhie jo hameM isa janma meM aura janmAntara meM kalyANakArI ho| samAjazAstra, nItizAstra aura manovijJAna zAstra ke siddhAntoM se isa vyavasthA meM kahIM koI virodha nahIM hai| dazalakSaNa yA paryuSaNa parva dazalakSaNa parva ke lie zvetAmbara paramparA meM paryuSaNa zabda prasiddha hai| 'paryuSaNa' isa saMskRta zabda kA artha haijisameM saba ora se pApakarmoM ko jalAyA jAe (paritaH samantAt uSyante-dahyante karmANi yasmin tat pardUSaNam) / prAkRta meM ise 'pejjUSaNa' kahA jAtA hai-pejja' arthAt rAgadveSa aura 'USaNa' arthAt jlaanaa| isa taraha 'paryuSaNa' kA artha huA 'rAgadveSa yA saMsAra-paribhramaNa ke kAraNabhUta karmabandha kI nirjarA (naSTa) krnaa|' jaise krizciyana meM 'krisamasa' kA, musalamAnoM meM 'ramajAna' kA aura hinduoM meM 'navarAtra-dazaharA' kA mahattva hai vaise hI jainoM meM dazalakSaNa yA paryuSaNa kA mahattva hai| yaha eka AdhyAtmika sAdhanA tathA AtmAvalokana kA mahAparva hai| ise minI (choTA) cAturmAsa bhI kahate haiN| sAdhu to mahAvratI hote haiM ataH ve pUrNa rUpa se dharmaniSTha haiM parantu gRhastha kaI kAryoM meM vyasta rahatA hai| ataH unheM vizeSa rUpa se yaha parva samAcaraNIya hai| isameM gRhastha (zrAvaka) ahiMsaka AcaraNa kA abhyAsa karate haiM, tana, vacana aura mana ko mAMjakara unheM nirmala karate haiM, kSamA-ahiMsA ko romaroma meM basAte haiM, AtmA ko samyaktva ke rasa meM Dubote haiM, apramatta hokara sarva-parigraha se mukti kI kAmanA karate haiM, Atmanirbhara hokara AkAMkSAoM ko sImita karate haiM, krodha, IrSyA Adi jo AtmA ke vibhAva-bhAva haiM unheM haTAkara samyaktvI kSamA Adi svabhAva-bhAva kI ora agrasara hote haiN| ina dinoM meM baccA-baccA ekAsanA yA upavAsa karane kI icchA karatA hai| sthAnAGgasUtra meM dharma ke cAra mArga batalAe haiM jo cAroM kaSAyoM ke abhAva rUpa haiM- kSamA, mArdava, Arjava aura nirlobhtaa| zvetAmbara paramparA meM yaha parva ATha dinoM kA hotA hai jise ve digambaroM se pahale bhAdrapada kRSNA bArasa se bhAdrapada zuklA caturthI taka manAte haiM tathA paJcamI ko athavA caturthI ko 'saMvatsarI' (kSamA parva) kA Ayojana karate haiN| saMvatsarI (saMvat arthAt varSa) kA artha hai 'vArSika-pratikramaNa' (doSoM kA parimArjana, Abhyantara kacar3A haTAnA evaM kssmaabhaav)| saMvatsarI ko pajjosavaNA yA varSadhara parva bhI kahA jAtA hai| kSamA eka 'kalpavRkSa' hai jo svastha nirmala citta kI urvarA (upajAU) bhUmi meM khUba lahalahAtA (phalIbhUta hotA) hai| paryuSaNa parva kI ArAdhanA se nirmala hue citta meM kSamApanA yA samApana para 'kSamA' yA 'micchA me dukkaDaM' (merA aparAdha mithyA ho) sArthaka hai| isa dina sAmUhika pratikrimaNapATha par3hA jAtA hai aura paraspara kSamAbhAva ke bAda sAdhArmika vAtsalya bhoja kI svastha paramparA hai| pratidina karaNIya pratikramaNa kI apekSA isa vArSika (sAMvatsarika) pratikramaNa kA bar3A mahattva hai| zvetAmbara ise 'aSTAhnika parva bhI kahate haiN| jIvAbhigama sUtra meM kahA hai ki varSa meM cAra aSTAhnika parva Ate haiM jo caitra sudI, ASAr3ha sudI, bhAdrapada sudI aura Azvina sudI saptamI se caturdazI taka yA aSTamI se pandrasa tk| jo varSa meM chaha aSTAhika parva mAnate haiM ve inameM kArtika sudI aura phAlguna sudI ko jor3a dete haiN| aisI mAnyatA hai ki ina dinoM meM devagaNa nandIzvara dvIpa jAte haiM aura vahA~ aThAI mahotsava manAte haiN| digambara paramparA meM yaha alaga parva hai aura varSa meM tIna bAra AtA hai- ASAr3ha sudI (8-15), kArtika sudI (8-15) tathA phAlguna sudI (8-15) karma ATha haiM, siddhoM ke guNa 8 haiM, pravacanamAtAyeM 8 haiM, ataH payUSaNa parva bhI ATha dinoM kA hotA hai| ina ATha dinoM meM karmoM kI nirjarA, siddhoM ke guNoM kI sAdhanA aura pravacana-mAtAoM kI ArAdhanA kI jAtI hai| 'antagaDasUtra' kA athavA 'kalpasUtra kA pATha kiyA jAtA hai| 'kalpa' kA artha hai| sAdhu kI aacaarvidhi'| bhadrabAhu praNIta kalpasUtra meM caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM kA jIvana caritra hai tathA 256

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mahAvIra kI uttaravartI sthavirAvali bhI hai| isakI gaNanA chedasUtroM meM kI jAtI hai| yaha svatantra grantha nahIM apitu dazAzrutaskandha kA AThavA~ adhyayana hai| antagaDa sUtra meM bhagavAn neminAtha aura mahAvIra yuga ke 90 Atma-sAdhakoM kA isake pATha kA pracalana huA hai| vizeSakara prathama tIna dina aSTAhnikA vyAkhyAna hotA hai aura cauthe dina se kalpasUtra kI nau vAcanAe~ hotI haiN| pA~caveM dina tIrthaGkara mAtA trizalA ke caudaha svapna batalAte haiN| chaThe dina mahAvIra kI jIvanacaryA ko batalAkara unakA janma dina bhI manAyA jAtA hai| sAtaveM dina tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha, neminAtha aura AdinAtha kA kramazaH varNana kiyA jAtA hai| AThaveM dina sAMvatsarika pratikramaNa par3hA jAtA hai| AThoM dina dhArmika Ayojana hote haiN| saMvatsarI ke dina kalpasUtra kA mUlapATha (zrI vArasAsUtra) par3hA jAtA hai| kAlAntara meM zvetAmbaroM meM nimna cAra pramukha pantha hue- 1. kharataragaccha jisakI sthApanA vi.saM. 1204 meM A. jinavallabhasUri ke ziSya A. jinadattasUri ne kI thii| 2. acalagaccha jisakI sthApanA vi.saM. 1213 meM zrI A. AryarakSita yA vijayacandra sUri ne kI thii|, 3. sthAnakavAsI (lukAmata yA lokAgaccha) jisakI sthApanA vi.saM. 1508 meM huI thI; ye saMvatsarI bhAdoM sudI paJcamI ko manAte haiN|, 4. terApantha jisakI sthApanA vi.saM. 1818 meM zrI A. bhIkhama jI ne kI thI tathA AcArya tulasI aura mahAprajJa jisake anuyAyI the| ye sabhI kalpasUtra kI vAcanA karate haiN| digambara paramparA isa parva ko 'dazalakSaNa' parva ke nAma se manAte haiN| jisameM uttama kSamA Adi daza dharmoM kI ArAdhanA kI jAtI hai athavA tadrUpa AcaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| yahA~ uttama zabda samyaktva kA bodhaka hai| ve daza dharma nimna haiM - 1. uttama kSamA (krodha para saMyama), 2. uttama mArdava (mRdutA yA mAna kaSAya para saMyama), 3. uttama Arjava (RjutA, saralatA yA mAyA kaSAya para saMyama), 4. uttama zauca (zucitA yA lobha kaSAya para saMyama), 5. uttama satya (satyaniSThatA yA hita-mita-priya vacana vyavahAra), 6. uttama saMyama (zarIra, indriya aura mana para niyantraNa), 7. uttama tapa (upavAsa Adi bAhya tapa tathA prAyazcitta Adi Abhyantara tapa karanA), 8. uttama tyAga (bAhya dhanAdi parigraha tathA ahaMkAra Adi Abhyantara parigraha kA visarjana), 9. uttama AkiJcana (zarIrAdi se pUrNa nirlipta honA) aura 10 uttama brahmacarya (kAmecchA se rahita hokara Atma-dhyAna meM lIna honA) / vastuta: ye daza dharma nahIM haiM apitu eka hI dharma ke daza lakSaNa haiM jisakA tAtparya hai ki koI bhI dharma kA pAlana karoge to zeSa kA bhI pAlana karanA par3egA kyoMki ye sabhI AtmA ke svabhAva haiM aura eka dUsare meM gatArtha haiN| yaha parva digambaroM meM 10 dina kA hotA hai aura kramazaH eka-eka dina eka-eka dharma (uttama kSamA Adi) kA vizeSa pAlana kiyA jAtA hai| deva-pUjana, zAstra-svAdhyAya Adi dhArmika Ayojana hote haiN| yaha parva yadyapi ASTAhnikoM kI taraha varSa meM tIna bAra (caitra, bhAdrapada aura mAgha mAsa meM zukla pakSa kI paJcamI se caturdazI taka) AtA hai parantu bhAdrapada meM hI isake manAne kA vizeSa vyavahAra hai| zvetAmbaroM meM tIna bAra kA koI ullekha nahIM hai| digambaroM meM yaha parva zvetAmbaroM kI sampUrti hone ke bAda manAyA jAtA hai| digambaroM ke dazalakSaNa parva ke madhya meM anya vrata bhI Ate haiM, jaise - SoDazakAraNa, labdhividhAna, roTatIja, puSpAJjali, zIla-saptamI, sugandhadazamI, anantavrata, anantacaturdazI, tIrthaGkara zAntinAtha evaM supArzvanAtha kA garbha kalyANaka, tIrthaGkara puSpadanta aura vAsupUjya kA nirvANa (mokSa) kalyANaka digambaroM meM isa parva ko bhAdrapada (5-14 tithiyoM) meM manAne ke pIche eka ghaTanA kA ullekha AtA haiavasarpiNI (jisa kAla meM dharma kA aura sukhAdi kA kramazaH hrAsa hotA hai) ke pazcama ArA yA kAla (duHkhamA) kI samApti tathA chaThe kAla (duHkhamA-duHkhamA) ke prArambha hone para hiMsA pradhAna anAryavRtti kA AvirbhAva ho jAtA hai| chaThe kAla ke samApta hone para aura utsarpiNI (jisa kAla meM dharma aura sukhAdi kA kramaza: vikAsa hotA hai) ke prathama kAla (duHkhamA-duHkhamA) kA prArambha hone para zrAvaNa kRSNa pratipadA se sAta saptAha (7x7=49 dina) taka sAta prakAra kI bhayaGkara kaSTakArI varSA hotI hai pazcAt dharmArAdhanA kA suyoga AtA hai| isI samaya saudharma indra vijayA kI guphA se strI. pu. ke 72 jor3oM ko bAhara nikAlatA hai jinheM usane pralaya ke samaya (49 dina pUrva) vahA~ chupAyA thaa| zvetAmbara grantha jambUdvIpa-prajJapti meM yaha ghaTanA utsarpiNI ke prathama ArA kI samApti tathA dvitIya ArA ke prArambha hone para batalAI hai aura tadanusAra zvetAmbara rasa megha vAle sAtaveM saptAha meM bhAdrapada kRSNA 12 se paryuSaNa parva manAte haiM tathA anta meM bhAdrapada zuklA caturthI yA paJcamI ko saMvatsarI manAte haiN| yahI donoM paramparAoM meM antara hai| ise hama vartamAna varSA Adi ke samayacakra se bhI samajha sakate haiN| Azvina kRSNA ekam ko digambara (saMvatsarI) kSamAvANI manAte haiN| paraspara gale lagakara eka dUsare se kSamA yAcanA karate haiM tathA sahabhoja Adi karate haiN| 257

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jainadharma kI aitihAsikatA jaina dharma ke itihAsa ke sandarbha meM jainetaroM meM bar3A bhrama hai ki isakA udbhava bhagavAn mahAvIra ke kAla se huA hai jabaki paramparA se ise anAdi mAnA jAtA hai| vartamAna itihAsa kI dRSTi se bhI jainoM ke prathama tIrthaGkara RSabhadeva tathA vAtarazanA kezI Adi muniyoM ke ullekha hameM vedoM meM prApta hote haiN| jaina purANoM (padma purANa 3.288, harivaMza purANa 9.204) meM RSabhadeva ke jIvana ke sambandha meM jo sUcanAe~ prApta hotI haiM prAyaH vaisI hI sUcanAe~ hinduoM ke bhAgavat purANa ke paJcama skandha ke prathama cha: adhyAyoM meM prApta hotI hai| vahA~ bhI bhagavAn RSabha ko nAbhi- meru (maru) putra tathA bharata ke pitA ke rUpa meM batalAyA gayA hai| ve nagna (vItarAgI, gRhatyAgI, digambara) hokara prAkRtika vAtAvaraNa meM rahate the aura tapa:sAdhanA ke dvArA unhoMne kaivalya prApta kiyA thaa| samasta jaina tIrthaGkaroM meM sirpha RSabhadeva ke mastaka para kezoM (bAloM) ke kAraNa unheM kezarI kahA jAtA hai| Rgveda meM prApta aneka ullekhoM (4.58.3, 10.102.6, 7.21.5, 10.99.3) se spaSTa hai ki vaidika kAla meM zramaNasaMskRti kA astittva thA jisakA parivartita rUpa mahAdeva 'ziva' meM dikhalAI par3atA hai| isase itanA to siddha hai ki zramaNa jaina saMskRti vaidika kAla meM thii| mohanajodar3o tathA har3appA kI khudAI se prApta avazeSoM se bhI isakI pracInatA siddha hai| viSNu ke avatAroM meM bhI RSabhadeva kA nAma AtA hai| ikkIsaveM tIrthaGkara naminAtha kI anAsakta vRtti ke bhI ullekha prApta hote haiN| nami mithilA ke rAjA the tathA rAjA janaka ke pUrvaja the| bAIsaveM tIrthaGkara neminAtha kA vAsudeva kRSNa ke sAtha cacere bhAI kA sambandha thaa| teIsaveM tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha kA janma mahAvIra se 250 varSa pUrva huA thaa| isa taraha jaina zramaNa paramparA kI aitihAsikatA aura prAcInatA svayaM siddha hai| jaina vAstukalA, maMdira nirmANa kalA, mUrtikalA, citrakalA Adi kA bhI gauravapUrNa itihAsa hai| jaina guphAoM aura jaina zilAlekhoM se bhI isake pramANa milate haiN| zvetAmbara kalpasUtra meM varNita tIrthaGkara neminAtha ariSTanemI ke paMca kalyANaka - tIrthaGkara neminAtha (arhat ariSTanemi) ko jaina zAstroM meM zrIkRSNa kA cacerA bhAI batalAyA gayA hai| kArtika kRSNa trayodazI ke dina aparAjita nAmaka devaloka se taitIsa sAgaropama Ayu pUrNa kara arhat ariSTanemi kA jIva jambUdvIpa ke bhAratavarSa kSetra ke zauryapura (saurIpura) nagara ke rAjA samudravijaya kI bhAryA zivAdevI kI kukSi meM madhyarAtri ke samaya citrA nakSatra meM garbha meM avatarita hotA hai| usa samaya tIrthaGkara mAtA caudaha svapna dekhatI haiM, digambara paramparA meM solaha svpn| garbha-kalyANaka ke pazcAt nau mAsa pUre hone para vaha jIva zrAvaNa zuklA paJcamI ko citrA nakSatra meM mAtA kI kukSi se janma letA hai| janma (janma-kalyANaka) ke samaya 56 dikkumAriyA~ (devaloka kI yuvA deviyA~) devarAja saudharma indra kI AjJA se mAtA kI sevA meM upasthita hotI haiN| sUtikA karma Adi karatI huI dikkumAriyA~, paryaGkAsanastha bAlarUpa ariSTanemi tathA mAtA zivAdevI ko dekhatI haiN| devaloka ke devagaNa prasannatApUrvaka stuti karate rahate haiN| ariSTanemi kA janma hone para indra-patnI zacI bAlaka ko sUtikA gRha se bAhara lAkara tathA mAyAvI putra ko mAtA ke pAsa rakhakara indra ko detI haiN| tatpazcAt devoM ke sAtha indra sumeru parvatazikhara para jAkara unakA janmakRta jalAbhiSeka karate haiN| anantara ariSTanemi 300varSoM taka gRhasthAzrama meM rahakara raivataka parvata para hajAra puruSoM ke sAtha jinadIkSA le lete haiN| jinadIkSA ke pUrva zrIkRSNa rAjImatI ke sAtha unake vivAha (ariSTa nemI ke) kA Ayojana karate haiN| parantu vivAha meM bhoja hetu piMjar3oM meM banda pazuoM ke ArtanAda ko sunakara ve vivAha karane se manA kara dete haiN| rAjImatI bhI jinadIkSA le letI haiN| ariSTanemi giranAra parvata kI coTI para sthita bA~sa ke vRkSa ke nIce dhyAna karate hue citrA nakSatra meM kevalajJAnI hokara arhat ho jAte haiM (kevalajJAna klyaannk)| kucha kama sAta sau varSoM taka kevalajJAnI arhat (jIvanmukta) rahane ke bAda 1000 varSa kI Ayu pUrNa hone para ASAr3ha zukla aSTamI ke dina giranAra parvata se mokSa (siddhatva yA nirvANa) ko prApta hue (nirvANa klyaannk)| taba se giranAra parvata bhagavAn neminAtha kI nirvANa bhUmi ke rUpa meM pUjya ho gii| 258

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dIpAvalI bhAratIya parva saMskRti ke saMvAhaka hote haiN| inake pIche mahApuruSoM ke jIvana aura kAryoM kI ghaTanAoM kA apUrva itihAsa chupA hotA hai| ye kevala mauja-mastI se sambandhita nahIM hote haiM apitu imameM eka janakalyANakArI saMdeza chupA rahatA hai| dIpAvalI (dIpa +AvalI = dIpa-paMkti) eka aisA hI jyoti- parva hai jo bAhya-andhakAra ke sAtha AbhyantaraandhakAra ko bhI dUra kara detA hai| isa parva meM hindU aura jaina sabhI samAna bhAva se sammilita hote haiN| ise AdhyAtmika cetanA kA rASTrIya parva bhI kaha sakate haiN| ise manAne ke pIche kucha aitihAsika ghaTanAoM kA ullekha hameM prAcIna granthoM meM milatA hai| jaise - 1. hindU purANoM ke anusAra isa dina maryAdA puruSottama rAma caudaha varSa ke vanavAsa ke bAda 'rAvaNa' nAmaka rAkSasa kA vadha karake ayodhyA vApasa Ae the| taba ayodhyAvAsiyoM ne apanI prasannatA vyakta karane tathA maryAdA puruSottama rAma kA svAgata karane ke lie nagara ko sajAkara dIpotsava manAyA thaa| 2. hindU purANoM ke hI anusAra atyAcArI aura vyabhicArI narakAsura nareza ne 16000 rAja-kanyAoM ko kaida kara liyA thA jisase prajAjana bahuta santrasta the| zrIkRSNa ne narakAsura kA vadha karake una rAjakanyAoM ko mukta karAyA thaa| phalasvarUpa prajA ne khuzI meM dIpa jalAye the jo kAlAntara meM jyoti-parva bana gyaa| 3. hindU purANoM ke anusAra Aja ke dina atyAcArI rAjA bali ko pAtAla jAnA par3A thA jisase prajA meM harSa vyApta huA thaa| 4. sikkhoM ke chaThe guru haragovinda siMha jI ko jela se Aja ke dina mukta kiyA gayA thaa| 5. guru nAnaka kA janma bhI isI dina huA thaa| 6. svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI kI Aja samAdhi huI thii| 7. jaina-paramparAnusAra kArtika kRSNA amAvasyA ko sUryodayakAla (caturdazI somavAra kI rAtri kA antima prahara tathA amAvasyA maMgalavAra kA uSa:kAla) meM caubIsaveM tIrthaGkara mahAvIra kA karIba 72 varSa kI Ayu meM I. pUrva 527 (zaka saM. 305 varSa 5 mAha pUrva vi.saM. 470 varSa pUrva) meM parinirvANa huA thaa| harivaMza purANa, tiloyapaNNatti Adi kI paurANika bhASA meM jaba cauthe kAla (suSamA-duSamA) ke samApta hone meM 3 varSa 8.5 mAha zeSa raha gae the taba tIrthaGkara mahAvIra kA parinirvANa huA thA arthAt sarvajJatA ke bAda 29 varSa 5 mAha 20 dina bItane ke bAda tIrthakara mahAvIra ne avaziSTa cAroM aghAtiyA karmoM ko naSTa karake mokSa-lakSmI kA varaNa kiyA thaa| isa pavitra kAla meM cAroM ora eka alaukika prakAza phaila gayA thaa| isI dina sAyaMkAla tIrthaGkara mahAvIra ke pramukha ziSya indrabhUti gautama gaNadhara ko kevalajJAna huA thaa| ina donoM AdhyAtmika ghaTanAoM kI khuzI meM jaina dIpAvalI parva manAte haiM tathA unakI smRti meM usa dina se mahAvIra nirvANa saMvat prArambha kiyA gyaa| Aja vIra nirvANa saMvat kA 2545 vA~ varSa cala rahA hai| isI taraha anya kaI ghaTanAe~ dIpAvalI parva ke sAtha jur3I haiN| isa parva ke sAtha tIna anya parva bhI bhAratIya saMskRti meM jur3a gae haiM jinakI jainadharmAnusAra vyAkhyA isa prakAra kI jAtI hai| (1) dhanaterasa- kArtika kRSNA trayodazI ko bhagavAn ne bAhya lakSmI samavasaraNa kA tyAga karake mana, vacana aura kAya kA nirodha kiyA thaa| usa yoga-nirodha se bhagavAn ko mokSalakSmI prApta huI thii| ataH mokSa-lakSmI kI prApti meM nimittabhUta trayodazI dhanya (dhanaterasa) ho gii| ata: Aja ke dina bAhya-saMgraha kA tyAga karake ratnatraya kA saMgraha karanA caahie| na ki bAjAra se sonA, cA~dI, bartana Adi kharIdanA caahie| (2) rUpacaudasa- kA. kR. caturdazI ko bhagavAn mahAvIra ne 18 hajAra zIloM ko prApta kara ratnatraya kI pUrNatA kI thI tathA pUrNarUpa se apane svarUpa meM lIna ho gae the jisase yaha 'rUpa caudasa' kA parva bana gyaa| (3) govarddhana pUjA- kArtika zuklA pratipadA ke dina kevalajJAna prApti ke bAda svAmI gaNadhara gautama ke mukhArabinda se 259

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saptabhaGgI-anekAnta syAdvAdamayI divyadhvani prathama bAra prakaTa huI thii| ata: yaha dina govardhana pUjA (go = vANI = saptabhaGgamayI jinavANI kA varddhana) ke rUpa meM pracalita huaa| jainetara loga gobara se citrAdi banAkara saptapUta mAM kI kathA kA zravaNa karate haiN| (4) dIpAvalI yA divAlI- dIpAvalI ko divAlI bhI kahate haiM jisakA eka artha yaha bhI kucha loga karate haiM'sAMsArika prapaJcoM kA divAlA nikAlanA (karmoM kA nAza krnaa)| yaha artha bhI bhagavAn ke parinirvANa se jur3A hai kyoMki isa dina unhoMne sabhI karmoM (ghAtiyA-aghAtiyA) se chuTakArA pA liyA thaa| citta kI nirmalatA hone para AtmA meM eka nAda hotA hai jisake visphoTa (paTAkA phUTanA) se sabhI kaSAyeM cUra-cUra ho jAtI haiN| ataH hama jo rAgadveSa ke jAla se jakar3e hue haiM use haTAnA hai arthAt Atma-ghara kI saphAI karanA hai| bAhya andhakAra ke sAtha Abhyantara andhakAra ko bhI isa dina dUra karanA caahie| yaha isa parva kA lakSya hai| jaise tila-tila jalatA dIpaka prakAza detA hai vaise hI hameM tapa dvArA karmoM ko jalAkara Abhyantara ko prakAzita karanA caahie| karuNA, dayA, prema, iMsAniyata aura vAtsalya ko prajAjana meM ur3elanA caahie| janma-janmAntaroM se IrSyA, ghRNA, lobha, moha aura ahaMkAra kI jo eka moTI se kAlI parata AtmA para car3hI hai use yadi sApha karanA hai to kaSAyoM ko jalAnA hogA kyoMki pavitra hRdaya meM hI mAnavatA kI divya jyoti jagamagAtI hai| garIboM kI garIbI dUra kara unheM prakAza dIpa denA caahie| unheM bharapeTa khAnA khilAnA caahie| Aja digambara jaina samAja meM prAtaHkAla pUjA ke bAda mahAvIra nirvANa kA lADU car3hAyA jAtA hai aura sAyaMkAla gharoM meM bhI pUjA Adi kI jAtI hai| vyApArI varga lekhA-jokhA karake gaNeza aura lakSmI kA pUjana karate haiN| kucha jainI tijoriyoM se dhana nikAla kara bhagavAn mahAvIra ke sAtha gaNeza aura lakSmI kI bhI eka sAtha pUjA karate haiM jo ThIka nahIM hai| AtizabAjI, juA Adi kI kucha visaGgatiyA~ bhI Aja ke dina ke sAtha jur3a gaI haiN| jo dIpAvalI kI mUla dhAraNA ke pratikUla haiN| tAntrika Aja kI rAtri ko mantra-siddhi kA anukUla samaya mAnate haiM jo sAMsArika paribhramaNa meM kAraNa hai| vastutaH jaina dRSTi se dIpAvalI parva Atmazuddhi dvArA AtmA ko kevalajJAna kI jyoti se prakAzita karane kA parva hai| NamokAra maMtra A jainiyoM kA yaha mantra hinduoM ke 'gAyatrI mantra' se bhI jyAda zaktizAlI mAnA jAtA hai| digambara 'Namo' kA prayoga karate haiM aura zvetAmbara 'namo' prayoga karate haiN| mantra viSayaka jAnakArI ke lie nimna cArTa draSTavya hai| kra.saM. NamokAra maMtra akSara mAtrA svara vyaMjana Namo (namo) arihantANaM 71166 Namo (namo) siddhANaM 5955 Namo (namo) AiriyANaM 7 1175 Namo (namo) uvajjhAyANaM 71276 5 Namo (namo) loye sattvasAhUNaM 9 159 8 yoga 3558 34 30 isakA artha hai- sabhI arhantoM ko namaskAra ho| sabhI siddhoM ko namaskAra ho| sabhI AcAryoM ko namaskAra ho| sabhI upAdhyAyoM ko namaskAra ho aura loka ke sabhI sacce sAdhuoM ko namaskAra ho| isa mantra meM loe' aura 'savva' zabda 'antyadIpaka' haiM jinakA artha hai inheM sabhI mantra vAkyoM ke sAtha jur3A huA samajhanA caahie| prAkRta bhASA meM racita yaha paJca parameSThI vAcaka mantrarAja hai| isakA saMskRta rUpa hai namaskAra mntr| yaha sabhI pApoM ko naSTa karane vAlA aura sabhI maGgaloM meM prathama (zreSTha) maGgala hai| kahA hai - eso paJca NamoyAro savva-pAvappaNAsaNo / maMgalANaM ca savvesiM paDhama hoI maMgalaM / / isa mantra meM kucha zabdoM kA anya rUpa bhI milate haiM, jaise - (1) arihaMta- moha rUpa karma-zatruoM ko naSTa karane vAlA yA AtmA se alaga karane vaalaa| yahA~ hiMsA kA bhAva nahIM hai| 260

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(2) arahanta (arhanta)- yaha pUjyArthaka arha' dhAtu se banA hai| ataH isakA artha hai 'puujy'| (3) 'arUhaMtANaM' - saMsAra rUpI vRkSa ke bIja ko dagdha karane vaalaa| 'aruha' arthAt jo bIja punaH aMkurita na ho| (4) 'namo' zvetAmbara paramparA meM 'namo' kA prayoga milatA hai| prAkRta ke niyamAnusAra 'na' ko 'Na' hotA hai parantu hemacandrAcArya ne pada ke Adi ke 'na' ke prayoga ko ucita batalAyA hai| (5) 'AyariyANaM yA AirIyANaM' donoM prayoga milate haiN| prAkRta niyamAnusAra AyariyANaM meM 'ya' zruti huI hai| (6) 'savva' ke sthAna para sabba' bhI prayukta hotA hai| isa mantra kA sabhI ko prAtaH, madhyAhna aura sAyaMkAla avazya smaraNa (japa) karanA caahie| yaha namaskAra mantra ahaMkAra kA visarjana karatA hai| Atmazuddhi karatA hai| isa mantra ke kaI nAma haiM-paJca namaskAra mantra, mahAmantra, aparAjita mantra, mUlamantra, anAdinidhana mantra, maMgala mantra, parameSThI mantra aadi| isa mantra meM kisI devatA ko namaskAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai, apitu jinhoMne tapa-dhyAna ke dvArA apanI AtmA kA kalyANa kiyA hai tathA jo Atma-kalyANa ke mArga meM sthita haiM tathA bhaviSya meM mukti prApta karane vAle haiM, aise mahApuruSoM ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| isa mantra ke dvArA kisI prakAra kI yAcanA nahIM kI gaI hai phira bhI apane Apa kAryasiddhi hotI hai, jaise aMjana cora ko AkAza-gAminI vidyA kI prApti, maraNAsanna kutte ko rAjakumAra jIvandhara dvArA yaha mantra sunAne para sudarzana nAmaka yakSendra devatva kI praapti| nindA karane para subhauma cakravartI ko sAtaveM naraka kI praapti| isa mahAmantra kA saMkSipta rUpa'OM' hai| om' (a + a + A + u + m) meM pA~coM parameSThiyoM ke Adi akSara samAhita haiM, jaise- a = arahanta, a = azarIrI, siddha, A = AcArya, u = upAdhyAya aura m = muni (saadhu)| kahA hai arahaMtA asarIrA AyariyA taha uvajjhAyA munninno| paDhamakkhara-NippaNNo oMkAro paJca parameTTI / / isakA dUsarA saMkSipta rUpa hai- a-si-A-u-sA namaH / yahA~ prazna kara sakate haiM ki siddhoM ko pahale namaskAra karanA cAhie kyoMki unhoMne AThoM koM ko nirjIrNa kara diyA hai jabaki arhantoM ne abhI sabhI aghAtiyA karmoM ko nirjIrNa nahIM kiyA hai| isakA uttara hai ki arhanta hI hameM saMsArasAgara se pAra utarane kA samavasaraNa meM divya upadeza dete haiN| ataH unheM prathama namaskAra kiyA hai| ve hI hamAre mArga darzaka haiN| siddha azarIrI haiM unase sAkSAt upadeza nahIM milatA hai| vastuta: 'siddha' aura 'arhanta' ye paramAtmA kI do avasthAyeM haiMsazarIrI-avasthA (jIvanmukta yA kevalajJAnI) aura azarIrI-avasthA (videhamukta yA siddh)| AtmA kI vaibhAvikI zakti AtmA meM svAbhAvikI zakti ke sAtha vaibhAvikI zakti (rAgAdirUpa azuddha pariNati) bhI mAnI jAtI hai yadi vaha muktAvasthA meM bhI rahegI taba koI bhI jIva zuddha-buddha-mukta nahIM ho skegaa| jabaki muktAvasthA meM usakA sarvathA abhAva mAnA jAtA hai yaha kathana kaise sambhava hai? kyoMki kisI bhI zakti (guNa) kA kabhI bhI sarvathA abhAva nahIM ho sktaa| aisI zaMkA hone para vicAraNIya hai ki pratyeka dravya sat-svabhAvI tathA pariNamanazIla hai| AtmA meM do prakAra kA pariNamana karane kI zakti hai- (1) svAbhAvika pariNamana (svAbhAvikI kriyA) aura (2) vaibhAvika pariNamana (vaibhAvikI, kriyaa)| ye donoM prakAra ke pariNamana yA kriyAyeM, sat kI pAriNAmika zaktiyA~ haiM; ye na to do svatantra zaktiyA~ haiM aura na eka hI zakti kA dvidhaa-bhaav| vastutaH zakti to eka svAbhAvikI hI hai jo nimitta vizeSa ke kAraNa vibhAva rUpa pariNata hone kI yogyatA rakhatI hai| ke haiM- sAmAnya aura vishess| 'kAla' sabhI dravyoM ke pariNamana meM sAmAnya nimitta hai| rAgAdi rUpa bhAvakarma aura jJAnAvaraNa Adi dravya-karma AtmA ke vibhAva rUpa pariNamana meM vizeSa nimitta haiN| ina karmAdi vizeSa nimittoM ke kAraNa AtmA meM vibhAva rUpa pariNati dekhI jAtI hai| yaha vaibhAvika pariNamana-vizeSa nimitta-sApekSa hokara bhI vastu (AtmA) kI usa kAla meM prakaTa hone vAlI yogyatAnusAra hI hotA hai| saMsArAvasthA meM karma-vizeSa nimitta se amUrta AtmA bhI karmoM se baddha hokara mUrta sA ho jAtA hai, parantu muktAvasthA meM karma-vizeSa nimittoM kA abhAva hone se usameM vaibhAvika pariNati nahIM hotI 261

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hai| ise eka udAharaNa dvArA samajhA jA sakatA hai, jaise sapheda rozanI yadi nIle raMga ke kA~ca ke gilAsa para par3atI hai to vaha nIlI ho jAtI hai aura yadi lAla gilAsa para par3atI hai to vaha lAla ho jAtI hai| rozanI to sapheda hI hai, nimittavizeSa (nIlA/lAla) milane para vaha nIle athavA lAla raMga kI ho jAtI hai, vastuta: vaha sapheda hI hai| isI taraha AtmA kI zakti to svAbhAvikI hI hai parantu vaha nimitta-vizeSa ke milane para bhinna rUpa pratIta hone lagatI hai| muktAvasthA meM koI karmAdi-nimitta nahIM rahate jisase vaha svAbhAvika rUpa meM hI rahatI hai| (vizeSa ke lie dekheM paJcAdhyAyI (rAjamallakRta 2.61 se 93 tathA jainendra siddhAntakoSa, bhAga 3, pRSTha 557-559) dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma itihAsa se jJAta hotA hai ki sabhI jaina tIrthaGkaroM ke garbha, janma, tapa (dIkSA), jJAna aura mokSa- ye pA~coM kalyANaka yA to pUrvI bhArata yA uttarI bhArata se sambandhita rahe haiM, phira kaba jainadharma dakSiNa bhArata meM gayA? vahA~ ke pramukha prAcIna granthakAra kauna haiM? isake uttara meM nimna sandarbha dhyAtavya haiM - ApakA yaha kathana sahI hai ki caubIsoM tIrthaGkaroM kI karmasthalI uttara bhArata yA pUrvI bhArata rahA hai parantu aitihAsika sAkSyoM se yaha bhI siddha hai ki caubIsaveM tIrthaGkara mahAvIra ke kAla meM uttara bhArata meM candragupta maurya ke samaya bAraha varSoM ke durbhikSa ko dekhate hue antima zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ne dakSiNa bhArata kI ora 12 hajAra sAdhuoM ke sAtha prasthAna kiyA thaa| candragupta maurya bhI unake sAtha gaye the| unhoMne zravaNabelagola pahu~cakara apane sAtha Ae sAdhuoM ko cola, pANDya Adi pradezoM meM jAne kA Adeza diyA thA tathA svayaM vahA~ apane ziSya candragupta ke sAtha candragiri parvata (kalavappu yA kaTava) para Thahara gae the| kucha kA kahanA hai ki ve bAda meM nepAla kI ora cale gae the| vastutaH anta samaya Ane para unhoMne zravaNabelagola meM hI samAdhipUrvaka apane zarIra kA tyAga kiyA thaa| yaha bAta vahIM para sthita 6ThIM-7vIM zatAbdI ke zilAlekhoM se pramANita hotI hai| isa taraha yaha to sunizcita hai ki bhadrabAhu ke samaya (IsA pUrva tIsarI zatAbdI meM) jainadharma dakSiNa bhArata meM gyaa| hAthI-gumphA se prApta khAravela ke zilAlekha (IsA pUrva dvitIya zatAbdI) se jJAta hotA hai ki kaliMga jainadharma kA pramukha kendra thaa| sambhAvanA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kaliMga meM vihAra kiyA ho| isI zilAlekha se yaha bhI siddha hotA hai ki IsA pUrva 424 ke AsapAsa samrATa nanda kaliMga ko jItakara vahA~ sthita 'jinapratimA' ko magadha le gayA thA, jisa pratimA ko khAravela ne magadha para vijaya prApta karake punaH usa 'jina-pratimA' ko kaliMga meM sthApita kiyA thaa| khAravela ke zilAlekha se yaha bhI siddha hotA hai ki khAravela ke pUrva bhI udayagiri parvata para jaina mandira the| sva0 kAzI prasAda jAyasavAla ne likhA hai (jarnala oNpha bihAra ur3IsA risarca sosAiTI, jilda 3, pR0 448) ki ur3IsA meM jainadharma kA praveza zizu nAgavaMzI rAjA nandavardhana ke samaya meM hI ho gayA thaa| jainadharma kaliMga se Andhra meM, Andhra se tamila meM tathA tamila se zrI laGkA meM phuNcaa| vahA~ ke aneka zAsakoM tathA rAjavaMzoM kA jainadharma ko saMrakSaNa milaa| AzA to hai ki isake pUrva bhI jainadharma vahA~ rahA hogA athavA yaha bhI sambhava hai ki unake sAtha gae zrAvakoM ne hI vyavasthA kI ho| jo kucha bhI ho, Aja dakSiNa bhArata meM aneka zilAlekha tathA kalApUrNa vizAla jaina mandira vidyamAna haiN| paM0 AzAdhara jI (vi0 saM0 1300) ke 'anagAradharmAmRta' meM jina mithyAdRSTiyoM kA ullekha AyA hai unameM dravyaliGgI digambara maThAdhIza muniyoM ko bhI ginAyA hai, jisase jJAta hotA hai ki 13vIM zatAbdI meM dakSiNa bhArata meM maThavAsI bhaTTAraka digambara muniyoM kA varcasva ho gayA thaa| yahA~ bhaTTArakoM ne paristhiti vizeSa ke kAraNa (jaina dharma ke rakSArtha) vastrAdi grahaNa kie the| pariNAmasvarUpa jainAgamoM kA saMrakSaNa ho skaa| ye vastuta: muni nahIM tha apitu brahmacArI hokara bhI picchIkamaNDalu rakhate the aura maThoM meM rahate the, prajA kA bhI saMrakSaNa karate the| ata: inheM mithyAdRSTi muni kahanA anucita hai| maiMne svayaM unase isa viSaya meM carcA kI hai| usa samaya pratidvandvI sampradAyoM ke sAtha dina-rAta calane vAle saGgharSa ke pariNAmasvarUpa jainadharma meM aneka vikRtiyA~ panapa gaI thiiN| dasavIM zatAbdI ke anta meM rASTrakUTa tathA gaMga rAjavaMzoM ke patana ke bAda jainadharma apane Apa ko samhAla nahIM skaa| tamila ke nayanAroM kI taraha hI bArahavIM zatAbdI ke madhya meM vIra zaiva dharmAvalambI vasava ne karnATaka meM bhI jainadharma ke patana meM ahama bhUmikA nibhaaii| phira bhI pandrahavIM zatAbdI taka karnATaka 262

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meM jainadharma kI lokapriyatA banI rhii| 16-17vIM zatAbdI meM dakSiNa bhArata aura pUrvI bhArata meM kahIM bhI jainadharma kA prabhAva bar3hatA huA dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai kyoMki anya dharmoM kA prabhAva yahA~ bhI vyApaka rUpa le cukA thaa| jahA~ taka dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma ke astittva kA prazna hai, vahA~ vizeSakara karnATaka jainadharma kA pramukha gar3ha rahA hai| dakSiNa bhArata se hameM vipula zilAlekhI pramANoM ke atirikta jainadharma ke AdhAra stambharUpa granthakartA AcAryoM kA astittva milatA hai| kucha pramukha racanAkAra haiM - 1. kundakundAcArya (I0 prathama zatAbdI)- kucha inheM pAravartI mAnate haiN| ye digambara jainiyoM ke Aja bhI Adarza haiN| isIlie uttaravartI granthakAroM ne apane Apako kundakundAnvayI batalAyA hai| tamila, kannaDa tathA telagu bhASA-bhASI inheM apane-apane pradeza se sambaddha karate haiN| inhoMne jaina adhyAtma ko eka naI dizA dI hai jo sabhI ko mAnya hai| zaurasenI prAkRta meM racita inake prasiddha grantha haiM- paJcAstikAya, pravacanasAra, samayasAra, niyamasAra aura assttpaahudd| ina para uttaravartI TIkAkAroM ne saMskRta, kannaDa, hindI Adi meM aneka TIkAe~ likhI haiN| amRtacandrAcArya tathA jayasenAcArya kI saMskRta TIkAyeM bahuta prasiddha haiN| 2. AcArya umAsvAti (umAsvAmI)- ye kundakundAcArya ke ziSya tathA jainiyoM meM saMskRta ke Adya sUtrakAra haiN| inakA bAibila tathA bhagavadgItA kI taraha prasiddha grantha hai-tattvArthasUtra yA tttvaarthaadhigmsuutr| ise mokSazAstra bhI kahate haiN| isa para dakSiNa ke hI pUjyapAda, akalaGkadeva tathA vidyAnandI ne saMskRta meM vizAla TIkA-grantha likhe haiN| 3. samantabhadrAcArya- zvetAmbarAcArya haribhadrasUri ne Apako 'vAdimukhya' kahA hai| karnATaka meM isa mahAn tArkika kI racanAe~ haiM- AptamImAMsA, ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, svayambhUstotra, yuktyanuzAsana, jinastuti aadi| ye digambara jaina sAhitya ke yuga-pravartaka ke rUpa meM jAne jAte haiN| 4. pUjyapAda (devanandi yA jinendrabuddhi, vi0 6-7 zatAbdI)- ye niSNAta vaiyAkaraNa the| inakI racanAe~ haiM- jainendravyAkaraNa, sarvArthasiddhi (tattvArthasUtra TIkA), samAdhitantra, iSTopadeza tathA dshbhkti| 5. akalaGkadeva (8vIM zatAbdI)- ye mahAn tarkazAstrI the| inheM jainanyAya kA pitA kahA jAtA hai| ApakI racanAe~ haiMtattvArtharAjavArtika yA rAjavArtika (tattvArthasUtra kI vRtti), aSTazatI (AptamImAMsA-TIkA), laghIyastraya, nyAyavinizcaya, siddhivinizcaya aura prmaannsNgrh| inake granthoM para vidyAnanda, anantavIrya tathA prabhAcandra ne saMskRta meM TIkAe~ likhI haiN| 6. vidyAnandAcArya (I0 810-816 ke AsapAsa)- inakA aSTasahasrI nAmaka nyAyagrantha AptamImAMsA tathA usakI TIkA aSTazatIbhASya kA vidvattApUrNa mahAbhASya hai| tattvArthazlokavArtika (tattvArthasUtra kI TIkA), AptaparIkSA, pramANaparIkSA aura vidyAnanda mahodaya bhI Apake likhe grantha haiN| 7. prabhAcandrAcArya- ye dhArA nagarI ke rAjA bhoja ke samakAlIna the| inake do mahAn TIkAgrantha haiM- nyAyakumudacandra (akalaGka ke laghIyastraya kI TIkA), prameyakamalamArtaNDa (mANikyanandi ke parIkSAmukhasUtra kI ttiikaa)| 8. zAkaTAyana (pAlyakIrti amoghavarSa prathama ke samakAlIna)- ApakI racanA hai| amoghavRtti sahita zAkaTAyana vyaakrnn| 9-11. vIrasena, jinasena evaM guNabhadra (amoghavarSa prathama ke rAjyakAla meM)vIrasena svAmI ne bhUtabali-puSpadanta racita SaTakhaNDAgamasUtra para dhavalA TIkA tathA guNadharAcArya racita kasAyapAhuDa para jayadhavalA TIkA saMskRta-prAkRta mizrita bhASA meM likhiiN| jayadhavalA TIkA pUrNa karane ke pahale hI ye jaba svargavAsI ho gae to inake ziSya jinasena svAmI ne use pUrA kiyaa| jinasenAcArya ne kAlidAsa ke meghadUta ko mAdhyama banAkara pArvAbhyudaya nAmaka khaNDakAvya bhI rcaa| treSaThazalAkApuruSacarita likhane kI icchA se mahApurANa ko likhanA prArambha kiyA parantu zarIrAnta ho jAne se ve use pUrA nahIM kara sake jise unake ziSya guNabhadra ne pUrA kiyaa| 12. jinasena dvitIya (I0 783)- inhoMne harivaMzapurANa likhA hai| 13. somadeva (I0 959)- inakI do racanAe~ haiM- yazastilaka campU (isake antima bhAga kA nAma hai upAsakAdhyayana) tathA nIti vAkyAmRtam (kauTilya ke arthazAstra kI zailI meM likhit)| ye sabhI grantha prAkRta bhASA athavA saMskRta meM likhe gae haiN| anya racanAe~- IsA kI prArambhika zatAbdiyoM se lekara 12vIM zatAbdI taka dakSiNa ke jainoM ne kannaDa bhASA meM vipula racanAe~ kI haiN| jaina kannaDa striyoM ne bhI kannaDa meM sAhitya likhakara mahanIya yogadAna kiyA hai jinameM 'kAnti' nAma kI 263

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kannaDa lekhikA ne abhinava pampa kI apUrNa kavitA ko pUrNa kiyA thaa| 10vIM zatAbdI meM prasiddha pampa ne AdipurANa tathA vikramArjunavijaya grantha likhe| ponna kavi ne zAntipurANa tathA bhuvanaikarAmAbhyudaya grantha likhe| ranna kavi ne ajitapurANa tathA sAhasabhImavijaya yA gadAyuddha likhe| cAmuNDarAya ne triSaSTilakSaNamahApurANa likhaa| isake atirikta kannaDa jaina ganthakAroM ne gaNita, vyAkaraNa, Ayurveda, jyotiSa, pazucikitsA Adi para bhI sAhitya likhaa| zrInarasiMhAcArya ne apane kannaDa kavicarite meM likhA hai ki kannaDa bhASA ke 280 kaviyoM meM se sarvAdhika 95 kavi jaina the| tamila, telagu aura marAThI sAhitya para jainoM kA prabhAva kannaDa kI taraha jyAdA prabhAvaka nahIM rhaa| Aja pUre vizva meM jainadharma kI prabhAvanA ho rahI hai| 'dakSiNa meM jainadharma' kI vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie dekheM- jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa bhAga-7 (pArzvanAtha vidyApITha), 'dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma' (paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha), 'jainijma ina sAutha iNDiyA', jarnala Apha bihAra-ur3IsA risarca sosAyaTI, jilda 3 aadi| jaina dharma kevala nivRtti pradhAna nahIM hai? samanvayAtmaka pravRtti pradhAna bhI hai| bhAratIya anusandhAna itihAsa pariSad, naI dillI ke Arthika anudAna se pArzvanAtha vidyApITha meM eka pandraha divasIya (12-27 mArca) kAryazAlA Ayojita kI gaI thii| jisakA viSaya thA jaina vidyA ke srota evam usake maulika siddhaant'| viSaya bahuta vyApaka thA parantu isakA lakSya thA jaina vidyA ke sambandha meM pracalita bhrAntiyoM kA nivaarnn| samanvayAtmaka dRSTi - jaisA ki hama sabhI jAnate haiM ki jaina dharma eka zramaNa paramparA hai aura yaha sAmAnyataH nivRtti pradhAna mAnI jAtI hai| yahA~ eka prazna hai ki kyA jaina dharma kevala nivRtti pradhAna hai? nahIM, nivRtti ke atirikta yahA~ pravRtti viSayaka karmakANDa tathA sAhitya bhI upalabdha haiN| vibhinna dhArmika mAnyatAoM kI jaina dharma meM upekSA nahIM kI gaI hai apitu unakA inake mAnya mahApuruSoM kA sammAna karate hue na kevala vidhivat apanI paramparA meM apanAyA gayA hai apitu unheM jainadharmAnuyAyI batalAyA gayA hai| jaise- avatArI rAma, lakSmaNa, kRSNa, balarAma Adi ko tIrthaGkara Adi mahApuruSoM (zalAkA puruSoM) ke sAtha jor3akara Adara diyA gayA hai aura jainetara dharmI bhAiyoM kI bhAvanAoM ko sammAna diyA gayA hai| itanA hI nahIM vaidika purANoM meM ghRNita bhAva se citrita rAvaNa, jarAsaMdha jaise rAjAoM ko bhI jaina purANoM meM sammAna dekara anAryoM kI bhAvanAoM ko Thesa nahIM pahu~cane dI hai| rAvaNa ko dazamukhI rAkSasa na mAnakara vidyAdharavaMzI batalAyA hai| paMDita pravara rAvaNa ko sItA ke sAtha balAtkAra karane kI salAha dI jAtI hai parantu vaha apane vrata ke kAraNa vaisA prayatna nahIM karatA hai| hanumAna, sugrIva Adi ko bAnara na mAnakara vidyAdharavaMzI batalAyA hai| unakA dhvajacihna avazya bAnara thaa| isa taraha jaina purANoM meM pakSapAta kI saMkucita bhAvanA se Upara uThakara samanvaya karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| isI taraha nAgavaMzI rAjAoM kI hiMsAtmaka pUjA-vidhiyoM kA niSedha karake unake pramukha yakSa nAgAdi devatAoM ko apane tIrthaGkara ke rakSaka ke rUpa meM sthAna diyA hai| pazuoM ko bhI Adara dete hue unheM bhI tIrthaGkara cihna ke rUpa meM samAhita kiyA gayA hai| isI taraha vanaspati, vAyu, jala Adi ke saMrakSaNa kI AvazyakatA batalAte hue paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa ko mahattva diyA gayA hai| yaha samanvayAtmaka nIti jainiyoM kI avasaravAditA nahIM hai apitu jainadharma ke AdhArabhUta siddhAntoM kI svAbhAvika pRSThabhUmi hai| syAdvAda siddhAnta sabhI kI anivAryatA jainadharma kI udAtta vicAradhArA-syAdvAda, ahiMsA, aparigraha Adi siddhAntoM ke pariNAma svarUpa Aja vizva ne isakI mahattA ko svIkAra kara liyA hai| bhautika vijJAna tathA tarka ke dvArA bhI ina siddhAntoM kI puSTi hotI hai| vizvabandhutva kI bhAvanA ko syAdvAda-siddhAnta ke mAdhyama se pallavita kiyA gayA hai| syAdvAdasiddhAnta anizcayAtmaka yA saMzayAtmaka nahIM hai apitu eka nizcayAtmaka vicAradRSTi ko darzAtA hai| aisA koI bhI darzana nahIM hai jo isa siddhAnta ko binA svIkAra kie apane pakSa ko rakha sakatA ho| eka ora vedAnta darzana ekamAtra nitya cidAtmaka brahma kI sattA ko mAnatA hai aura dRzyamAn jagat ko mAyAjAla kahatA hai, dUsarI ora cArvAka darzana mAtra bhautika tattvoM kI sattA ko svIkAra karake caitanya kI utpatti unhIM kA pariNamana mAnatA hai| jaina dharma jIva aura ajIva (cit aura acit) donoM 264

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kI sattA svIkAra karatA hai parantu vaha unheM sAMkhya darzana kI taraha do maulika tattva athavA cit-acit rUpa viziSTAdvaita na mAnakara chaha dravyoM kI svatantra sattA ko svIkAra karatA hai| sAtha hI pratyeka dravya ko triguNAtmaka (utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya rUpa) svIkAra karatA hai| isakA pariNAma yaha huA ki jaina dharma vedAnta kI taraha na to sattA ko sarvathA nitya mAnatA hai aura na bauddhoM kI taraha kssnnik| apitu jaina dharma donoM siddhAntoM kA vidhivat sayuktika samanvaya sthApita karatA hai| yahA~ yaha spaSTa kara deM ki bauddha, vedAnta Adi darzanoM meM bhI jaba unake siddhAntoM meM virodha utpanna hotA hai to ve do (paramArthika aura saMvRti satya) yA tIna prakAra kI (pAramArthika, vyAvahArika aura prAtibhAsika) sattA ko svIkAra karake apane pakSa meM samAgata virodhoM kA samanvaya karate haiN| jainadarzana kA syAdvAda siddhAnta bhI nitya anitya Adi virodhoM kA samanvaya nizcayanaya-vyavahAranaya yA dravyArthikanaya paryAyArthikanaya dvArA karatA hai| isakA yaha tAtparya nahIM hai ki jaina dharma mAtra ekAntarUpa mithyAdRSTiyoM kA samanvaya karatA hai| apitu vibhinna dRSTiyoM se dekhane para tattva hameM vibhinna rUpoM meM dRSTigocara hotA hai| isa vividha dRSTigocaratA ko ujAgara karate hue jainadharma meM anekAntavAda, syAdvAda, saptabhaMgIvAda tathA nikSepavAda Adi kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| jainadharma kI kasauTI aparigraha aura ahiMsA saMsAra meM sukha-zAnti sthApita ho isake lie jaina tIrthaGkaroM ne syAdvAda ke atirikta ahiMsA aura aparigraha ke siddhAntoM para bala diyA hai| aparigraha kA vAstavika artha hai 'vItarAgatA' aura usakA pariNAma hai 'ahiNsaa'| jainadharma ke samasta AcAra aura vicAroM kI kasauTI ahiMsA aura aparigraha hI hai| yadi kisI dhArmika AcaraNa meM mana, vacana, kAya se ahiMsA aura aparigraha kI paripuSTi nahIM hotI hai to vaha sadAcAra nahIM hai, mithyAtva yA asadAcAra hai| ahiMsA aura aparigraha se vyavahAra meM sukha-zAnti sambhava hai aura paramArtha se mukti bhI hai| ye donoM viSama-paristhitiyoM aura virodhoM meM dIpaka kA kAma karate haiN| jagat meM vyApta kalaha, tanAva Adi se nivRtti kA upAya ekamAtra ahiMsA aura aparigraha hai| anya jitane bhI niyama aura upaniyama haiM ve saba isI dhurI ke Are haiN| karmavAda aura Izvara jainadharma kA dUsarA siddhAnta 'karmavAda kA hai jo pUrNata: manovaijJAnika hai| isake prabhAva se zarIra-saMracanA, jJAna, cAritra, Ayu, saMpannatA, sukha, duHkha, zakti Adi kA nirdhAraNa hotA hai| mUlata: karma ke ATha prakAra haiN| ye avAntara bhedoM se 148 haiN| ye kArmaNa-pudgala AtmA ke rAga-dveSAdi pariNAmoM kA nimitta pAkara mUrtika hokara bhI amUrta AtmA se sambandha sthApita kara lete haiN| isa sambandha ko karAne meM lezyAyeM goMda kI taraha kArya karatI haiN| jainadharma meM kisI anAdi, nitya, sRSTikartA, saMhArakartA aura pAlanakartA Izvara kI AvazyakatA nahIM mAnI gaI hai| tIrthaGkaroM ko hI Izvara mAnakara unakI pUjA kI jAtI hai| yadyapi tIrthakara kucha nahIM karate parantu unake guNoM ke cintana se hamAre vicAroM meM parivartana evaM zuddhatA AtI hai aura hameM acchA phala milatA hai| yahA~ pratyeka AtmA meM paramAtmA banane kI zakti ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| karma kA AvaraNa usa zakti ko prakaTa hone meM AvaraNa kA kArya karatA hai| ratnatraya ke prabhAva se isa karma-AvaraNa ke haTate hI AtmA pUrNa caitanyatA, AnandAvasthA, sarvajJatA, sarvazaktimattA ko prApta kara letA hai| mUla srota __ paramparA se jainadharma anAdi mAnA jAtA hai| vartamAna kAla meM Aja se asaMkhyAta varSa pUrva prathama tIrthaGkara AdinAtha (RSabhadeva) hue the jinhoMne sarvaprathama asi, masi, kRSi, vANijya, zilpa aura vidyA (gAyanAdi) ina chaha vidyAoM kI zikSA dI thI tathA samAja ko kAryoM ke AdhAra para tIna vargoM meM vibhakta kiyA thA- kSatriya, vaizya aura shuudr| bAda meM RSabhadeva ke putra isa yuga ke prathama cakravartI bharata ne brAhmaNa varNa kI sthApanA kii| RSabhadeva ke bharata aura bAhubalI Adi 101 putra tathA brAhmI, sundarI ye do putriyA~ thiiN| brAhmI ko lipi vidyA aura sundarI ko aMka-vidyA sikhaaii| RSabhadeva kA ullekha hameM vedoM meM bhI milatA hai| inake bAda jainadharma meM 23 tIrthakara aura hue jinameM 20veM tIrthaGkara munisuvratanAtha ke samaya maryAdApuruSottama rAma hue| neminAtha ke 84650 varSa bAda 23veM tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha kA janma vArANasI meM huA aura usake 248 varSa bAda IsA pUrva 599 meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kA janma huaa| yaha antima 24veM tIrthaGkara kA zAsanakAla cala rahA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke bAda 2544 varSa bIta cuke haiN| AdinAtha, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra ina cAroM tIrthaGkaroM kI aitihAsikatA siddha ho cukI hai| tIrthakara mahAvIra ke ziSya gautama, sudharmA Adi gaNadharoM ne 12 AgamoM kI racanA kI pazcAt upAMga Adi Agama paravartI RSiyoM ne likhe jo Aja isa dharma ke mUla srota 265

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haiN| vedoM meM hameM vAtarazanA muni aura kezI Adi ke jo varNana milate haiM ve spaSTataH jainamuniyoM kI ora saGketa karate haiM, jaise "kakardave vabhAbho yukta AsId, avAvacIt sArathirasya keshii| durdhayuktasya davataH sahAnasa, Rcchanti mA ni pado mudglaaniim||" tAtparya yaha hai ki mudgala RSi kI jo indriyA~ parAGmukhI thIM, ve unake yogI jJAnI netA kezI vRbhaSa ke dharmopadeza ko sunakara antarmukhI ho giiN| Rgveda meM jina yatiyoM kA ullekha AyA hai ve sambhavataH jainayati the| prAkRta-saMskRta bhASAoM meM vividha-viSayaka vipula sAhitya bhASA kI dRSTi se jainAgamoM kI bhASA janabhASA prAkRta thii| vaidikoM ne saMskRta ko 'daivI vAk mAnakara usI bhASA meM racanA kii| isakA eka acchA pariNAma yaha rahA ki prAcInatam vedoM kI rakSA bhalI prakAra huI parantu tatkAlIna vividha lokabhASAoM kA pratinidhitva nahIM bana skaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra aura buddha ne isa kamI ko pUrA karate hue loka bhASA ko apane upadezoM kA mAdhyama bnaayaa| bhagavAn buddha kI bhASA ko bAda meM 'pAli' ke nAma se vyavasthita kiyA gyaa| mahAvIra ke upadezoM ko unake gaNadharoM ne ardhamAgadhI meM upanibaddha kiyA jo 18 bhASAoM kA sammizraNa thaa| kAlAntara meM zaurasenI bhASA meM digambaroM ke paravartI AgamoM kI racanA huii| pazcAt saMskRta tathA anya loka bhASAoM meM vipula sAhitya likhA gyaa| yaha sAhitya hameM kAvya, darzana, vAdya, saGgIta, Ayurveda, mantra-tantra, vidhi-vidhAna, jyotiSa, pUjA-pATha, yoga, khagola, gaNita, Adi vividha viSayoM meM upalabdha haiN| isa sAhitya ke atirikta hameM loka-kalAoM se sambandhita sthApatyakalA, stUpa, guphA, maMdira, zilAlekha Adi se sambandhita vipula sAmagrI prApta hotI hai jisake dvArA jainadharma darzana ke siddhAntoM ko rUpAyita kiyA gayA hai| ataH hama kaha sakate haiM ki jaina dharma kevala nivRtti-pradhAna nahIM hai apitu laukika jIvana se bahuta adhika sambandha rakhatA hai| isI taraha isameM samAjopayogI vipula sAhitya tathA samanvaya kI pravRtti upalabdha hai| ataH jahA~ sAdhucaryA ko pramukhatA se rUpAyita kiyA gayA hai vahIM gRhasthAcAra ko bhI pramukhatA dI hai| gRhasthAcAra ko to uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM ghorAzrama kI saMjJA dI gayI hai kyoMki isa para cAroM AzramoM kA uttaradAyitva hotA hai| mUlasrota ke rUpa meM Agama grantha, paravartI AgamAzrita sAhitya tathA purAtAtvika sAkSya haiN| tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha aura unake dasa bhava tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha aitihAsika mahApuruSa the| vizva ke vighna samUha kA nAza karane vAle, tIna loka ke svAmI aura ananta mahimA vAle zrIpArzvanAtha ko mastaka jhukAkara namaskAra ho|' namaH zrIpArzvanAthAya vishvvighnaughnaashine| trijagatsvAmine mUrjA hnntmhimaatmne|| tIrthaGkara mahAvIra se karIba 250-300 varSa pUrva jainadharma ke 23veM tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha kA janma ugravaMzIya (ikSvAkuvaMzIya) rAjA vizvasena (azvasena hayasena) ke ghara vAmAdevI ke garbha se vArANasI meM huA thaa| inake jIvanacarita se sambandhita sAmagrI jainAgamoM aura prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza, hindI Adi ke kAvyagranthoM meM milatI hai| ina granthoM meM cintAmaNi,vighnahara pArzvanAtha ke dasa bhavoM kA varNana milatA hai jinakA avalokana karane se eka hI bAta pramukha rUpa se samajhane meM AtI hai apane prati vaimanasya kA tIvra bhAva rakhane vAle ke prati kSamA, sahRdayatA aura maMgalabhAvanA rakhanA caahie|' unake jo pramukha dasa bhava batalAye gae haiM, ve isa prakAra haiM - pahalA bhava- avasarpiNI ke caturtha kAla meM podanapura ke rAjA aravinda the| unake mantrI/purohita kA nAma thA- vizvabhUti braahmnn| ye hI pArzvanAtha ke usa janma ke pitA the| unakI mAtA kA nAma thA anundhrii/anuddhyaa| unake do putra the- kamaTha aura marubhUti / kamaTha kI patnI kA nAma thA- varuNA aura marubhUti kI patnI kA nAma thA vasundharA / vasundharA bahuta sundara thI jisa para krodhI aura durAcArI bar3e bhAI kamaTha kI kAmAndha dRSTi lagI rahatI thii| eka bAra maukA pAkara usane kapaTapUrvaka usake sAtha durAcAra kiyaa| marubhUti ke kAmavirakta svabhAva ko dekhakara donoM meM paraspara sambandha hone lgaa| isa bAta ko 266

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jaba marubhUti ne svayaM dekhA to usane rAjA se nivedana kiyaa| rAjA ne kamaTha ko sira mur3Akara rAjya se nikAla diyaa| choTe bhAI marubhUti ko rAjya yA zraya milane se nArAja kamaTha dezAntara meM jAkara paJcAgni tapa karane lgaa| kAlAntara meM jaba marubhUti kA krodha zAnta huA to vaha apane bhAI kamaTha se kSamAyAcanA ke lie usake pAsa gayA parantu kamaTha ne krodhita hokara usake Upara vizAla zilA se prahAra kara diyA jisase indrabhUti kA ArtadhyAnapUrvaka maraNa ho gyaa| ArtadhyAnapUrvaka maraNa hone se marubhUti agale janma meM tiryaJca yoni meM hAthI paryAya ko prApta huaa| dUsarA bhava- isa bhava meM marubhUti bajraghoSa nAma kA hAthI banatA hai aura kamaTha kukkuTa nAmaka srp| isa bhava meM hAthI munivezadhArI rAjA aravinda ke upadeza se zrAvaka ke vratoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai aura use samyaktva kI prApti hotI hai| kamaTha ke jIva sarpa ke dvArA Dase jAne para vaha hAthI mRtyu ko prApta hotA hai| tIsarA bhava- isa bhava meM marubhUti zrAvaka ke vratoM ko dhAraNa karane ke kAraNa sahasrAra svarga meM deva hotA hai aura kamaTha dhUmaprabha nAmaka pA~caveM naraka meM janma letA hai| cauthA bhava- isa bhava meM marubhUti vidyutgati aura vidyutmAlA ke putra ke rUpa meM janma letA hai jahA~ usakA nAma agnivega/ kiraNavega/razmivega rakhA jAtA hai| kamaTha ajagara ke rUpa meM janma letA hai aura dhyAnastha agnivega muni ko DasatA hai| muni Dasane vAle sarpa ke prati dayAbhAva rakhate haiM tathA usake apakAra ko bhI upakAra mAnate haiN| pAcavA~ bhava- isa bhava meM marubhUti acyuta svarga meM vidyutprabha deva hotA hai aura kamaTha chaThe naraka ko prApta karatA hai| chaThA bhava- isa bhava meM marubhUti bajravIrya aura vijayA ke putra ke rUpa meM bajranAbha cakravartI hotA hai aura kamaTha kuraMga/ kuraMgaka nAmaka bhIla banatA hai| isa bhava meM bhI kamaTha apane bANoM se dhyAnastha bajranAbha muni kA vadha karatA hai| sAtavA~ bhava- isa bhava meM marubhUti madhyama praiveyaka svarga jAtA hai aura kamaTha sAtaveM naraka meM utpanna hotA hai| AThavA~ bhava- isa bhava meM bajrabAhu kulizabAhu aura prabhaMkarI/sudarzanA ke putra ke rUpa meM Ananda/suvarNabAhu nAmaka cakravartI rAjA hotA hai aura kamaTha siMha paryAya meM janma letA hai| yahA~ bhI vaha dhyAnastha muni kA bhakSaNa karatA hai| zAntapariNAmoM ke kAraNa marubhUti tIrthaGkara nAmakarma prakRtti kA bandha karatA hai| navA~ bhava- isa bhava meM marubhUti Anata/prANata svarga meM mahardhika deva hotA hai aura kamaTha cauthe naraka meM jAtA hai| dasavA~ bhava- isa bhava meM marubhUti tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha ke rUpa meM janma letA hai aura kamaTha samvara/mahipAla nAmaka nIca jAti (asura jAti) kA deva hotA hai| ina dasa bhavoM ke madhya meM donoM ke avAntara kaI janma hote haiM jinakA vizeSa mahattva na hone ke kAraNa kevala dasa bhavoM ko dikhAyA gayA hai| inameM bhI dUsarA, AThavA~ aura dasavA~ bhava adhika mahattvapUrNa hai| dasaveM bhava meM do pramukha ghaTanAe~ ghaTatI haiM1. rAjakumAra pArzva jaba ghUmate hue gaMgA nadI ke taTa para yajJa kara rahe tapasvI (kamaTha kA jIva) ke dvArA yajJakuNDa meM DAlI jA rahI lakar3I meM avadhijJAna se sarpa-sarpiNI ke jIvoM ko dekhate haiM to usa tapasvI ko aisA karane se manA karate haiN| tapasvI unakI bAta para vizvAsa nahIM karatA hai aura lakar3I ko jaba cIratA hai to usameM se maraNAsanna sarpa-sarpirNI nikalate haiN| pArzva unheM navakAra mantra sunAte haiM jisake prabhAva se ve donoM sarpa-sarpiNI nAgaloka meM dharaNendra aura padmAvatI ke rUpa meM janma lete haiN| 2. jaba pArzvaprabhu dhyAnastha mudrA meM kaThora tapa kara rahe the taba kahIM se kamaTha kA jIva sambaradeva/mahipAla vahA~ AtA hai aura unheM dekhakara pUrvajanma kA smaraNa karatA hai tathA unheM apanA zatru samajhakara unake Upara ghanaghora jalavarSA, agnivarSA Adi karake upasarga karatA hai| jaba isakA jJAna dharaNendra aura padmAvatI ko hotA hai to ve Akara prabhu ko apane Upara baiThAkara tathA unake sira para phanoM kA chatra lagAkara unakI rakSA karate haiN| usa upasarga ke zAnta hone para dharaNendra aura padmAvatI ke sAtha prabhu pArzva upasargakartA deva ke prati bhI maMgala-kAmanA karate haiN| pArzva prabhu ke paJca kalyANakoM kI tithiyA~ haiM- (1) cyavana yA garbha- caitra kR0 4 (diga0 vaizAkha vadI 2), vizAkhA nakSatra, (2) janma- pauSa kR0 10 (diga0 pauSa kR0 11), anurAdhA nakSatra (diga0 vizAkhA nakSatra), (3) dIkSA yA tapa- pauSa kR0 11, (4) jJAna- caitra kR0 4, vizAkhA nakSatra, (5) nirvANa- zrAvaNa zu08 (diga0 zrAvaNa zu07) vizAkhA nakSatra, nirvANa sthala- smmedshikhr| rAzi kumbha tathA varNa nIlamaNi kI taraha thaa| zvetAmbara mAnyatAnusAra ApakA vivAha prasenajita rAjA kI putrI prabhAvatI se huA thA digambara meM vivAha nahIM huaa| bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kI Ayu 100 varSa kI thI jisameM 30 varSa taka gRhastha jIvana, meM rahe tathA sattara varSa taka sAdhu 267

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banakara dharmopadeza dete rhe| zvetAmbara uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke kezI( gautamIya saMvAda se jJAta hotA hai ki unhoMne sacela (santarottara) tathA cAturyAma (ahiMsA, satya, acaurya aura aparigraha) dharma kA dezakAlAnurUpa upadeza diyA thA jise mahAvIra ne dezakAla kI paristhiti ke anusAra ratnatraya kA dhyAna rakhakara acela aura paJcayAma meM parivartita kiyA thaa| digambara paramparA meM sacela-acela kA ullekha to nahIM hai parantu cAturyAma kI carcA anya rUpa meM milatI hai| yahA~ mahAvIra ne kSedopasthApanA cAritra sthApita kiyA thaa| dezakAla kI paristhitiyA~ AdinAtha se lekara mahAvIraparyanta taka kI donoM paramparAoM meM eka jaisI milatI haiN| sandarbha - 1. dekheM- kalpasUtra, mahApurANa, triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita, pasaNAhacariyaM (guNabhadragaNi), pAzvabhyudaya (jinasena), pArzvanAthacarita (vAdirAja), pArzvanAthacarita (bhaTTAraka sakalakIrti), pArzvanAthapurANa (candrakIrti), pAsaNAhacariu (padmakIrti), pAsacariu (raidhU), pAsaNAhacariu (zrIdhara, devacanda, padmanandi), pAsapurANa (tejapAla), pArzvapurANa (bhUdharadAsa) aadi| 2. sakalakIrti, paarshvnaathcrit| upavAsa jaina dharma meM upavAsa kA bar3A mahattva batalAyA gayA hai| necuropaithI (prAkRtika-cikitsA paddhati) meM svAsthya kI dRSTi se bhI isakA mahattva hai| jaina bAhya tapoM ke chaha bhedoM meM se prathama cAra bheda kisI na kisI rUpa meM bhojana tyAga se sambandhita haiN| sAmAnya rUpa se loga 'upavAsa' kA artha 'dina (dina aura rAtri) bhara ke lie anna-jala-phalAdi 'tyAga' samajhate haiN| isa prakAra ke upavAsa ko 'nirjala upavAsa' bhI kahate haiN| jainetara paramparAoM meM kucha loga dinabhara (sUryodaya se sUryAsta taka) to kucha nahIM lete parantu rAtribhara khAte-pIte rahate haiN| kucha loga anna (gehU~, cAvala Adi) ko tyAga karake phalAhArI (phala, Alu, kuTU kA ATA Adi) karate rahate haiN| vastutaH upavAsa kA sahI rUpa hai jisameM cAroM prakAra ke AhAra (khAdya, lehya, peya ora svAdya) ke tyAga ke sAtha pA~coM indriyoM ke viSaya-bhogoM kA tathA cAroM kaSAyoM (krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha) kA bhI tyAga ho| isake atirikta sAMsArika prapaJcoM se dUra hokara zAnta bhAva se svAdhyAya-manana yA Izvara-praNidhAna meM citta ko lagAyA jAnA bhI Avazyaka hai| isake abhAva meM 'laGghana' to ho sakatA hai upavAsa nhiiN| ativyastatA ke kAraNa bhojana na mila pAne se bhI upavAsa nahIM hotA hai kyoMki bhojana tyAga kI bhAvanA nahIM hai| ataH kahA bhI hai - viSaya kaSAyArambhatyAgo yatra vidhiiyte| upavAsaH so vijJeyaH zeSaM laGghanakaM viduH|| jaina dharma meM upavAsa kA bar3A mahattva hai| jaina santoM meM bhagavAn AdinAtha (prathama tIrthaGkara) ne cha: mAsa kA lagAtAra upavAsa kiyA thA tathA niyamAnusAra AhAra na milane para punaH cha: mAsa kA upavAsa kiyA thaa| saMsAra bandhana ke kAraNabhUta karmoM kI nirjarA karane ke lie upavAsa ko yadyapi bAhya tapoM meM ginAyA gayA hai parantu vahI upavAsa jaba antardhyAna yA dharmadhyAna ke sAtha jur3a jAtA hai to vaha Abhyantara tapa kahalAne lagatA hai| jaina granthoM meM upavAsa ko 'anazana' (na+azana anazana) bhI kahA gayA hai| sAtha meM yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki ise zakti ke anusAra karanA caahie| aisA upavAsa na kara sakane para ekAzana (dina meM 1 bAra bhojana lenA) yA avamaudarya (bhUkha se kama khAnA) yA vRttiparisaMkhyAna (niyama vizeSa kI Akar3I lekara bhojana lenA) yA rasaparityAga (khaTTA-mIThA Adi kucha rasoM kA tyAga karanA, rUkhAsUkhA ubalA bhojana karanA) karane kA vidhAna hai| ina sabhI prakAroM meM bhUkha se kama khAnA (kama se kama 1/4 bhAga peTa kA khAlI rakhanA) Avazyaka hai| 'Unodarya' upavAsa se bhI kaThina hai| upavAsa ko 'proSadhopavAsa bhI kahA gayA hai jisameM prathama dina eka bAra bhojana kiyA jAtA hai dUsare dina pUrNa upavAsa phira tIsare dina ekAsana / proSadha kA artha parva (aSTamI, caturdazI Adi parva) bhI kiyA jAtA hai| arthAt una tithiyoM meM upavAsa karanA proSadhopavAsa hai| rASTrapitA mahAtmA gAMdhI ne isa upavAsa ke mahattva ko samajhA thA tathA prayoga bhI kiyA thaa| yadi upavAsa ko sAtvika vidhi se kiyA jAtA hai to zarIra kI bahuta sI bImAriyoM se bacA jA sakatA hai| Ayurveda meM bhI isakA mahattva 268

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pratipAdita hai| elopethI meM bhI kucha paristhitiyoM meM anna, jala-grahaNa kA niSedha kiyA jAtA hai| digambara jaina sAdhu to niyama se bAraha mahInA ekAzanA karate haiM aura bIca-bIca meM pUrNa sAtvika upavAsa bhI karate haiM, isIlie bImAriyoM se bace rahate haiN| Aja jaina samAja meM kaI aise gRhastha bhI haiM jo 1-1 mAsa kA upavAsa karate haiN| paryuSaNa (dazalakSaNa) parva para to bahuta se sAdhaka 1 dina, 5 dina yA 10 dinoM kA lagAtAra upavAsa rakhate haiN| upavAsa se hamArA kolosTrola kama hotA hai| isalie sthUla zarIra vAloM ko kama khAne kI hidAyata dI jAtI hai| necuropaithI meM to upavAsa Adi kriyAoM ke mAdhyama se hI zarIra ke vikAroM kA zodhana karake vyakti ko niroga kiyA jAtA hai| upavAsa kA sahI phala taba nahIM milatA hai jaba vyakti pahale dina ThaMsa-ThUsa kara khA letA hai, upavAsa ke dina sAtvika vicAra nahIM rakhatA hai, sAMsArika kAryoM ko karatA rahatA hai| vastuta: upavAsa ke dUsare-tIsare dina bhI vidhipUrvaka (saMyama ke sAtha) AhArAdi lenA hai kyoMki Age bhI niyamoM kA pAlana Avazyaka hai| upavAsa yadi vidhivat tathA anubhavI guru kI dekharekha meM nahIM kiyA jAyegA to lAbha ke sthAna para hAni bhI sambhava hai kyoMki upavAsa ke bAda gariSTha aura atibhojana se AMteM cipaka sakatI haiN| kise karanA cAhie aura kaba karanA cAhie yaha bhI jAnanA caahie| isa taraha sahI upavAsa vahI hai jisameM jitendriya vyakti viSaya bhogoM tathA lobhAdi kaSAyoM se virakta) hotA hai| jitendriya vItarAgI vyakti bhojana karate hue bhI upavAsI kahalAtA hai| kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM kahA bhI hai - uvasamaNo akkhANaM uvavAso vaNNido smaasenn| bhujaMtA vi ya jididiyA hoMti upvaasaa||439|| artha- tIrthaGkara gaNadharAdi munIndroM ne upazamana (indriyoM kI Asakti para vijaya) ko upavAsa kahA hai| isIlie jitendriya muni bhojana karate hue bhI upavAsI kahalAte haiN| isataraha upavAsa meM pA~coM indriyoM ko saMyamita karake zAnta pariNAmI honA Avazyaka hai| zvetAmbara aura digambara paramparAoM meM antara zvetAmbara aura digambara jainoM meM kyA antara hai ise jAnane se pUrva isake itihAsa-krama ko jAnanA Avazyaka hai| Aja se 2544 varSa pUrva caubIsaveM tIrthakara bhagavAn mahAvIra (janma I. pUrva 599) ke nirvANa (I. pUrva 527) ke 162 varSoM taka (candragupta ke zAsanakAla taka) jaina saGgha meM koI matabheda nahIM thaa| mahAvIra ke bAda gautama, sudharmA aura jambU svAmI ye tInoM gaNadhara kevalI (anubaddha kevalajJAnI) hue| jambU kevalI ke bAda zvetAmbara paramparAnusAra kramazaH prabhava, zayyaMbhava, yazobhadra, saMbhUtivijaya aura bhadrabAhu ye pA~ca caudaha pUrvo ke jJAtA hue| saMbhUtivijaya aura bhadrabAhu ye donoM yazobhadra ke ziSya the| saMbhUtivijaya ke ziSya sthUlabhadra the| digambara-paramparAnusAra jambU svAmI ke bAda viSNu, nandimitra, aparAjita, govardhana aura bhadrabAhu ye pA~ca zrutakevalI (AgamajJa) hue| isa taraha bhadrabAhu ko donoM paramparAoM ne mAnya kiyaa| isake bAda nimittajJAnI bhadrabAhu candragupta ke zAsanakAla meM magadha meM par3ane vAle 12 varSIya akAla ko jAnakara apane saGgha ke sAtha dakSiNa meM samudra taTa kI ora cale ge| jo zeSa sAdhu bace ve sthUlabhadra (nirvANa, vI.ni. saM. 219) ke netRtva meM vahIM raha ge| akAla ke dUra hone para pATaliputra meM sthUlabhadra ne jaina sAdhuoM kA eka sammelana bulAyA jisameM maukhika paramparA se cale A rahe gyAraha aGga granthoM kA saGkalana kiyA gyaa| bArahavA~ aGga 'dRSTivAda' bhadrabAhu ke alAvA kisI dUsare ko yAda nahIM thaa| unakI anupasthiti se usakA saGkalana nahIM ho skaa| isake bAda Arya skandila (I. san 300313) ke netRtva meM mathurA meM dUsarA sammelana huaa| karIba isI samaya nAgArjunasUri ke netRtva meM valabhI (saurASTra) meM bhI eka sammelana huaa| isake bAda donoM netA Apasa meM nahIM mila sake jisase AgamoM kA aMzata: pAThabheda banA raha gyaa| isake bAda devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa ke netRtva meM valabhI meM eka tIsarA sammelana (vI.ni. saM. 980-993) huaa| isameM jise jo yAda thA use pustakArUr3ha kara diyA gyaa| idhara digambara paramparAnusAra mahAvIra nirvANa ke 683 varSa bAda (I. san prathama zatAbdI madhyakAla) giranAra parvata kI candra guphA meM tapasyA meM lIna AcArya dharasena ke pAsa (mahArASTra meM sthita nagarI) AcArya arhadvali ne puSpadanta aura 269

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bhUtabali nAmaka do ziSyoM ko bhejaa| vahA~ kucha pUrvo kA jJAna prApta kara donoM ne milakara SaTakhaNDAgama grantha ko lipibaddha kiyaa| isake bAda guNadhara ne kasAyapAhuDa aura AcArya kundakunda ne samayasArAdi granthoM kI racanA kii| yahI Aja digambara paramparA ke mAnya Agama haiN| digambaroM ne sabhI aGga Agama granthoM aura upAGga Agama granthoM kA lopa svIkAra kara liyA, jo eka bar3I bhUla huii| idhara uttara bhArata meM akAla kI vizeSa paristhitiyoM meM sthUlabhadra ke saGgha ne apavAda svarUpa vastrAdi grahaNa karake kucha niyamoM meM zithilatA ko svIkAra kara liyaa| phalasvarUpa Age calakara (I.san prathama zatAbdI) zvetAmbara, digambara bheda bana gae aura donoM kI gurvAvaliyA~ bhinna ho giiN| prArambhika matabheda sAdhu ke vastra ko lekara thA, guru aura zAstra meM matabheda hone para bhI bahuta samaya taka eka hI prakAra kI mUrti kI donoM upAsanA karate rahe parantu bAda meM ArAdhya meM bheda na karake mUrtiyoM kI saMracanA meM antara kara diyA gyaa| kucha mAnyatAoM meM tathA kucha bAhya kriyAoM Adi meM bAhya matabheda hone para bhI bauddhoM kI taraha dArzanika siddhAntoM (chaha dravya, sAta tattva, syAdvAda, anekAntavAda, pA~ca mahAvrata, ahiMsA, vItarAgatA Adi) meM matabheda nahIM hue| isa aitihAsikatA ko dRSTi meM rakhakara paramparAoM kI bhinnatA ko nimna sAraNI dvArA darzAyA jA sakatA haizvetAmbara paramparA meM svIkRta digambara paramparA meM svIkRta 1. savastra mukti hotI hai| 1. savastra mukti nahIM hotI hai| 2. strImukti (usI paryAya meM) sambhava hai| 2. nhiiN| 3. gRhasthAvasthA meM mukti sambhava hai| 3. nhiiN| 4. bharata cakravartI ko zIzamahala meM 4. nhiiN| hI kevalajJAna prApta ho gayA thaa| 5. mallinAtha (19veM tIrthaGkara) strI thiiN| 5. nahIM, puruSa the| 6. kevalajJAnI kavalAhAra (bhojana) karate haiN| 6. kevalajJAnI kA zarIra parama audArika ho jAtA hai ata: ___ bhojana grahaNa kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| 7. kevalajJAnI nIhAra (mala-mUtrAdi kA visarjana) karate haiN| 7. nhiiN| 8. marudevI ko hAthI para car3he hue hI mukti ho gii| 8. nhiiN| 9. sAdhu ke liye pahale 14 upakaraNa grAhya the aba 9. sAdhu ko saMyama-rakSaNArtha picchI, kamaNDalu aura zAstra aura adhika ho gae haiN| upakaraNa hI svIkRta haiM, anya nahIM 10. vastrAbhUSaNa yukta (alaMkRta)pratimA pUjya hai / 10. nahIM, pUrNa digambara pratimA kI padmAsana yA sa racanA meM bhI thor3A antara hai| khaDgAsana mudrA hI pUjya hai| unakI dhyAnamudrA aisI ho jisameM cakSu (nAsAgra dRSTi)ho tathA zarIra se vItarAgatA prakaTa hotI ho| 11. bhagavAn mahAvIra kA garbhaparivartana 11. nahIM, kSatriyANI ke garbha meM hI avataraNa huA thaa| (brAhmaNI ke garbha se kSatriyANI ke garbha meM) huA thaa| 12. bhagavAn mahAvIra kA vivAha huA thA aura 12. donoM nhiiN| eka kanyA bhI huI thii| 13. mahAvIra tapaHkAla meM 12 mAsa taka vastra pahane rhe| 13. nhiiN| 14. sAdhuoM aura sAdhviyoM ke dvArA kaI gharoM se 14. vidhi milane para eka hI ghara meM khar3e-khar3e aMjulI meM lAe gae bhikSAnta ko lAkara ekAdhika bAra AhAra krnaa| hI eka bAra AhAra, pAnI Adi lenA 'sAdhviyAM baiThakara AhAra karatI haiM, yaha antara hai| 15. gyAraha aGga-Agama aura upAGga upalabdha haiN| 15. samasta aGgoM aura pUrvo kA lopa ho gayA hai| parantu dRSTivAda aura pUrvo kA lopa ho gayA hai| pUrvo para AdhArita SaTkhaNjhagama tathA kaSAyapAhuDa upalabdha haiN| paravartI kundakundAcArya Adi ke grantha Agamavat haiN| 16. Agama ardhamAgadhI prAkRta meM likhita haiN| 16. jaina zaurasenI prAkRta meM vartamAna Agama likhita haiN| 17. vaimAnika svarga 12 haiM aura mukhya indra bhI 12 haiN| 17. vaimAnika svarga 16 haiM parantu unake mukhya indra 12 hI haiN| saba milAkara indroM kI saMkhyA 100 hai| 18. muni ke 27 mUlaguNa haiN| 18. muni ke 28 mUla guNa haiN| 270

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digambaroM ke mUlaguNoM se kucha antara bhI hai| 19. tIrthaGkara kI mAtA ko 14 svapna Ate haiN| 19. tIrthaGkara kI mAtA ko 16 svapna Ate haiN| 20. kevalI ke Upara kevala ke pUrva upasarga sambhava hai| 20. nhiiN| pArzvanAtha para upasarga huNDAvasarpiNI kAladoSa se huaa| ___parantu kevalIjJAnI hone para nhiiN| 21. mAnuSottara parvata se Age manuSya jA sakatA hai| 21. nhiiN| 22. aGgagranthoM ke saGkalana hetu vAcanAyeM huiiN| 22. nhiiN| 23. pArzvanAtha ke cAturyAma dharma (ahiMsA, satya,acaurya aura 23. aisA nahIM hai, parantu sAmAyikAdi cAra prakAra ke cAritra aparigraha) ko mahAvIra ne paJcayAma (brahmacarya jor3akara) kiyaa| meM chedopasthApanA cAritra jor3akara paJcayAma kiyaa| isa parivartana meM zvetAmbaravat kAraNa the |is parivartana kA kAraNa thA manuSyoM kI vicaar-bhinntaa| tIrthaGkara AdinAtha ke jIva Rjujar3a the| dUsare se teIsaveM tIrthaGkara ke kAla ke jIva RjuprAjJa the parantu mahAvIra ke kAla ke jIva vakra-jar3a the| 24. pArzvanAtha ke ziSya kezI kA sAtha saMvAda huA thA aura 24. aisA ullekha nahIM hai| acela, mahAvIra ke ziSya gautama ke kezI ne apane 500 ziSyoM ke sAtha mahAvIra kA dharma paJcayAma tathA ratnatraya dharma inheM bhI abhISTa haiN| (paJcayAma tathA acela dharma) svIkAra kiyA thaa| vastutaH 'ratnatraya (samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra) donoM kA mUla lakSya thaa| 25. sudharmA gaNadhara se gurvAvali prArambha hai, gautama gaNadhara se nhiiN| 25. indrabhUti gautama gaNadhara se gurvAvali prArambha hotI hai| inhoMne hI 12 Aja sabhI santAne sudharmA kI haiN| AgamoM meM kahIM-kahI aGgoM ko saMyojita kiyA aura sudharmA ko sauNpaa| sudharmA ne jambU ko sauNpaa| gautama dvArA prazna kie gae haiN| 26. sthUlabhadra antima zrutadhara (11 14 pUrvo ke jJAtA) the| 26. 683 varSoM taka aGgajJAna kI paramparA kSINa hote hue aGga, vajrasvAmI 10 pUrvo ke tathA unake ziSya AryarakSita bhI avicchinna rhii| 9.5 pUrvo ke jJAtA the| tatpazcAt pUrvo kA jJAna lupta ho gyaa| kevala 11 aGga bace raha gye| 27. aGga bAhya (upAGga, mUlasUtra Adi) 27. aGgabAhya zruta bhI lupta ho gyaa| zrutoM kI Aja bhI sttaa| hai parantu unakI saMkhyA Adi meM kucha antara hai| 28. bhagavAn ke pairoM kA nAkhUna yukta 28. miTTI meM paira rakhane para jaise cihna banate haiM vaise bhagavAn ke UparI caraNa cihna pUjya hai| caraNa cihna pUjya haiN| 29. avAntara pantha bheda 29. avAntara pantha bheda (ka) caityavAsI yA maMdiramArgI (cauthI-pA~cavIM shtaabdii)| (ka) bhaTTAraka paMthI (13vIM shtaabdii)| ye mUrtipUjaka ye mukhapaTTI haiN| hAthoM meM rakhate haiM parantu bolate samaya use mukha para rakhate haiN| (kha) sthAnakavAsI (15vIM shtaabdii)| meM lambI mukhapaTTI rakhate haiN| (kha) tAraNapaMthI (15vIM shtaabdii)| ye mUrtipUjaka nahIM, zAstrapUjaka haiN| mUrtipUjA nahIM krte| (ga) terahapaMthI (18vIM shtaabdii)| ye caur3I mukhapaTTI rakhate haiN| (ga-gha) terahapaMthI aura bIsa paMthI (17vIM shtaabdii)| ye donoM mUrtipUjaka haiM mUrti pUjaka nahIM haiN| teraha paMtha meM striyA~ bhagavAn kA abhiSeka nahIM kara sktiiN| inake yahA~ pUjA meM sacitta puSpa, naivedya Adi nahIM car3hAyA jaataa| bIsa paMtha meM ye donoM bAteM svIkRta haiM tathA ye bhagavAn ko candana aura phUloM se alaMkRta bhI karate haiN| (Ga) kahAnapaMthI yA mumukSupanthI yA sonagaDhI (20vIM shtaabdii)| ye nizcayanaya mArga kA anusaraNa karate haiM tathA terahapaMthI kI taraha mUrtipUjaka haiN| 30. gurvAvali-sudharmA, jambU, prabhava, zayyaMbhava, yazobhadra ziSya, 30. gurvAvali-gautama, sudharmA, jambU, viSNu, nandimitra, aparAjita, (saMbhUtivijaya aura bhadrabAhu), sthUlabhadra (saMbhUtivijaya ke govardhana, bhdrbaahu| shissy)| isI taraha anya avAntara bheda bhI dekhe jA sakate haiN| dArzanika siddhAntoM kI vyAkhyA meM bhI kahIM-kahIM thor3A antara milatA hai (jaise, pramANa-lakSaNa, bandha-prakriyA aadi)| 271

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zrAvaka aura zramaNa kI pratimAe~ upAsaka (zrAvaka yA gRhastha) kI gyAraha aura zramaNa (muni yA bhikSu yA sAdhu yA anagAra) kI bAraha pratimAoM kA ullekha jaina AgamoM meM milatI hai| upAsaka aura zramaNa donoM kI pratimAoM kA ullekha hameM zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM paramparAoM meM milatA hai|' 'pratimA' zabda aneka arthoM meM prayukta hai- pratijJA-vizeSa', vrata-vizeSa, abhigraha-vizeSa, mUrti, pratikRti, bimba, pratibimba, chAyA, praticchAyA aadi| prastuta prasaGga meM 'pratimA' zabda tapa-vizeSa yA vItarAgatA-vardhaka-sAdhanA paddhati kI bhUmikAoM (sopAnoM) ke artha meM lenA caahie| inheM pratimA yA yogasAdhanA bhI kaha sakate haiN| pratimAdhArI upAsaka (gRhastha yA sAgAra yA zrAvaka) zramaNasadRza yA zramaNa-jIvana kI pratikRti rUpa ho jAtA hai| digambara paramparA meM paravartI pratimAoM meM sthita zrAvaka ko pUrvavartI pratimAoM kA jIvanaparyanta pAlana karanA Avazyaka hai parantu zvetAmbara paramparA meM samayasImA kA nirdhAraNa hone se jIvanaparyanta dhAraNa karanA Avazyaka hai, aisA pratIta nahIM hotA hai| zramaNa kI pratimAe~ tapa-vizeSa haiM jinheM kramazaH dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai| zrAvaka (upAsaka) pratimAe~ zrAvaka ke tIna prakAra batalAye gae haiM jo uttarottara utkRSTa haiM- 1. pAkSika (prArambhika avasthA vAlA), 2. naiSThika (pratimAdhAraka) aura 3. sAdhaka (smaadhimrnndhaarii)| pAkSika zrAvaka- pAkSika zrAvaka vaha hai jo pA~ca aNuvratoM (sthUla ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha) kA pAlana karatA hai| madya, mAMsa aura madhu (zahada) kA sevana nahIM karatA hai| juA, vezyAgamana, parastrIgamana, zikAra Adi se bhI dUra rahatA hai| pIpala, vaTa, pilakhana, gUlara aura kAka- ina pA~ca kSIrI phaloM yA udumbara phaloM (jantuphala yA hemadugdhaka) kA bhI sevana nahIM karatA hai| jina vRkSoM se dUdha jaise pIle raMga kA padArtha nikalatA hai ve kSIrIphala kahe jAte haiN| isameM trasajIvoM kI sattA nagna A~khoM se dekhI jA sakatI hai| upAsaka trasa-hiMsAtyAgI hotA hai| rAtribhojana na karanA, chanA pAnI pInA, gurusevA karanA, supAtroM ko dAna denA Adi kArya pAkSika zrAvaka ke lakSaNa haiN| pAkSika zrAvaka naiSThika zrAvaka banane kI taiyArI meM hotA hai| yaha pA~ca aNuvratoM ke sAtha sAta zIloM kA bhI pAlana karatA hai| sAta zIla (3 guNavrata tathA 4 zikSAvrata) haiN| digvrata, dezAvakAzika (dezavrata), anarthadaNDa-virata, sAmAyika, bhogopabhoga-parimANa, poSadhopavAsa aura atithi-sNvibhaag| donoM paramparAoM meM inake krama meM antara hai| sAdhaka zrAvaka- maraNakAla ke sannikaTa Ane para sAdhaka zrAvaka cAroM prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga karake santhArA yA sallekhanA yA samAdhimaraNa letA hai| ise kaba le sakate hai, kaba nahIM? vidhi kyA hai? usa samaya kaise vicAra hoM? Adi kA vicAra zAstroM meM kiyA gayA hai| yaha maraNa na to AtmahatyA hai aura na hI icchaamRtyu| merA sallekhanA vAlA lekha draSTavya hai| naiSThika zrAvaka- pAkSika zrAvaka jaba naiSThika zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimAoM ke mAdhyama se vItarAgatA kI ora bar3hanA cAhatA hai to use kramaza: ina pratimAoM ko dhAraNa karanA par3atA hai| pAkSika zrAvaka jina niyamoM ko abhyAsa ke rUpa meM pAlana karatA thA unheM hI yahA~ niyamapUrvaka aticAra-rahita pAlana karanA hotA hai| zvetAmbaroM meM pratimA-grahaNa kI kAlasImA bhI batalAyI hai jabaki digambaroM meM jIvanaparyanta pAlane kA niyama hai| inake krama ke viSaya meM tathA nAma ke viSaya meM zvetAmbaroM aura digambaroM meM thor3A antara hai, jo nagaNya hai| zvetAmbara paramparA ke upAsakadazAGgasUtra meM Ananda zrAvaka ke prasaGga meM usake dvArA dhAraNa kI gaI gyAraha pratimAoM ke kathana haiM jo isa prakAra haiM- 1. darzana, 2. vrata, 3. sAmAyika, 4. poSadha, 5. kAyotsarga yA niyama, 6. brahmacarya, 7. sacittAhAra-varjana, 8. svayaM Arambhavarjana, 9. bhRtya-preSyArambhavarjana, 10, uddiSTavarjana aura 11. zramaNabhUta / digambara paramparA ke ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra Adi granthoM meM zrAvaka kI pratimAe~ haiM -1. darzana, 2. vrata, 3. sAmAyika, 4. poSadha, 5. sacittatyAga, 6. rAtribhuktityAga, 7. brahmacarya, 8. ArambhatyAga, 9. parigrahatyAga, 10. anumatityAga aura 11. 272

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uddisstttyaag| (zramaNavat isake do bheda haiM- kSullaka aura ailk|) isa taraha prathama cAra pratimAoM ke nAma aura krama meM koI antara nahIM hai| zvetAmbaroM kI pA~cavIM niyama pratimA meM ke sthAna para digambaroM kI chaThI rAtribhukti tyAga pratimA hai| brahmacarya pratimA zvetAmbaroM meM chaThI hai aura digambaroM meM sAtavIM hai| sacittatyAga pratimA zvetAmbaroM meM sAtavIM aura digambaroM meM pA~cavIM hai| zvetAmbaroM kI nauvIM bhRtya-preSyArambhatyAga digambaroM kI parigrahatyAga hI hai| digambaroM kI dasavIM anumatityAga kA samAveza zvetAmbaroM ke uddiSTatyAga meM mAnA gayA hai| digambaroM kI gyArahavIM uddiSTatyAga pratimA zvetAmbaroM kI gyArahavIM zramaNabhUta pratimA hai| donoM paramparAoM meM zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimAoM kA vivaraNa nimna hai(ka) zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimAe~ 1. darzana pratimA- yahA~ darzana zabda kA artha hai 'samyak shrddhaa'| ata: zaMkA Adi doSoM se rahita jinavacana meM dRr3ha AsthA (pragAr3ha zraddhA) rkhnaa| kSAyopazamika samyagdRSTi isa pratimA ko dhAraNa karatA hai| vaha apane aNuvratoM kA niraticAra pAlana karatA hai| nyAyapUrvaka AjIvikA calAtA hai| carmapAtra meM rakhe ghI, tela Adi kA upayoga nahIM karatA hai| saGkalpI hiMsA nahIM karatA hai| apane AcAra-vicAra ko zuddha rakhatA hai| pralobhanoM se vicalita nahIM hotA hai| zvetAmbaroM meM isakI ArAdhanA kA kAla eka mAsa hai| 2. vrata pratimA- pA~ca aNuvratoM aura sAta zIlavratoM (3 guNavratoM aura 4 zikSAvratoM) kA jinheM pAkSika zrAvaka pAlana karatA thA unakA dRr3hatApUrvaka niraticAra pAlana karanA vrata pratimA hai| yahA~ vaha sAmAyika aura dezAvakAzika vrata ko abhyAsarUpa meM karatA hai| anukampAguNa se yukta hotA hai| kisI ke bAre meM aniSTa nahIM soctaa| zvetAmbaroM meM isakA ArAdhanAkAla do mAsa hai| 3. sAmAyika pratimA- pratidina niyama se tIna bAra sAmAyika (mana-vacana-kAya kI ekAgratA) krnaa| isameM vaha sAmAyika aura dezAvakAzika (dezavrata) kA bhI niraticAra pAlana karatA hai| poSadhopavAsa ko abhyAsarUpa meM karatA hai| zvetAmbaroM meM isakA ArAdhanA kAla tIna mAsa hai| 4. poSadha pratimA- aSTamI, caturdazI tathA parva-tithiyoM meM poSadha (upavAsa) vrata kA niyamataH pAlana karanA poSadha pratimA hai| pUrNimA, amAvasyA Adi viziSTa tithiyoM meM bhI yathAzakya poSadha karanA caahie| zvetAmbaroM meM isakA ArAdhanAkAla cAra mAsa hai| 5. niyama yA kAyotsarga pratimA- zarIra ke sAtha mamatva chor3akara Atmacintana meM laganA kAyotsarga (dhyAna) hai| aSTamI tathA caturdazI ko rAta-dina kA kAyotsarga krnaa| ise niyama pratimA bhI kahate haiM kyoMki isameM pA~ca niyamoM kA pAlana karanA hotA hai- 1. snAna na karanA, 2. rAtribhojana tyAga, 3. dhotI kI lAMga na lagAnA, 4 dina meM brahmacarya aura rAtri meM maryAdA aura 5. mAha meM eka rAtri kaayotsrg| zvetAmbaroM meM isakA ArAdhanAkAla 1 dina, 2 dina, 3 dina, se lekara pA~ca mAsa taka hai| digambara paramparA meM isake sthAna para rAtribhojanatyAga aura divA-maithunavirata nAma milate haiN| 6. brahmacarya pratimA- pUrNarUpeNa kAma-ceSTAoM se virakti brahmacarya pratimA hai| striyoM/puruSoM se anAvazyaka mela-jola, zRGgArika ceSTAoM kA avalokana, kAmavardhaka saGgIta zravaNa Adi varjita hai| svayaM bhI zRGgArika veza-bhUSA dhAraNa karanA, gariSTha kAmavardhaka bhojanapAna karanA Adi bhI varjita hai| pA~coM indriyoM kA saMyama jarUrI hai| zvetAmbaroM meM isakA ArAdhanAkAla 1 dina, 2 dina, 3 dina tathA chaha mAsa hai| jIvana-paryanta kA bhI vidhAna hai| 7. sacittAhAravarjana pratimA- sacitta (sajIva yA harI) vanaspati kA taba taka AhAra na karanA jaba taka vaha acitta (jIva-rahita) na ho jaae| pakAkara yA sukhAkara sacitta ko acitta karane para prANi-saMyama to nahIM hotA parantu indriyasaMyama hotA hai| kucha vanaspatiyA~ sapratiSTha (agaNita-anantakAya jIva vAlI) hotI haiM aura kucha apratiSTha (eka jIva vAlI) hotI haiN| jinheM tor3ane para samAna rUpa se do bhAga ho jAe~ unheM sapratiSTha kahate haiN| inakA chilakA moTA utaratA hai tathA Upara kI dhAriyA~ (zirAe~) spaSTa nahIM hotii| apratiSTha vanaspatiyA~ ve haiM jo tor3ane para Ter3hI-mer3hI TUTeM, chilakA patalA ho, dhAriyA~ spaSTa hoM tathA alaga-alaga phA~keM hoN| isa pratimA kA sAdhaka khetI Adi Arambha-kriyAoM kA tyAga nahIM karatA hai| zvetAmbaroM meM isakI ArAdhanA kA utkRSTa kAla 7 mAsa hai| 8. svayaM Arambhavarjana pratimA (ArambhatyAga)- pratimAdhArI isameM baccoM ke bar3e ho jAne para AjIvikA hetu khetI, vyApAra Adi kriyAe~ svayaM nahIM karatA parantu dUsaroM se karA sakatA hai| saMpatti para apanA adhikAra rakhatA hai| zvetAmbaroM meM 273

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isakI ArAdhanA-avadhi eka dina se lekara 8 mAsa hai| 9. bhRtyapreSya Arambhavarjana pratimA - (bhRtya preSya-parityAga yA parigraha-tyAga )isakA sAdhaka dUsaroM se bhI Arambha kriyAe~ nahIM kraataa| Arambha hone kI anumati kA tyAga na hone se usake uddezya se banAye gae AhAra ko le sakatA hai| yahA~ vaha moha chor3akara parigrahatyAgI ho jAtA hai| salAha mAMgane para ucita salAha de sakatA hai| zvetAmbaroM meM isakA ArAdhanAkAla eka dina se lekara 9 mAsa taka hai| 10. uddiSTa-bhaktavarjana pratimA- isameM apane lie taiyAra bhojana Adi kA sAdhaka (upAsaka) tyAga kara detA hai| laukika kAryoM se pUrNa virata ho jAtA hai, salAha bhI nahIM detA hai| ustare se bAla muNDita karA sakatA hai| coTI rakha sakatA hai| isakI avadhi eka dina se lekara 10 mAsa taka hai| digambara paramparA meM isa pratimA kA nAma anumatityAga hai aura isa pratimA kA dhArI laukika kAryoM kI salAha denA bhI banda kara detA hai| prAyaH mandira yA upAzraya meM rahatA hai| nimantraNa svIkAra kara sakatA hai| 11. zramaNabhUta pratimA- sAdhaka apane ko zramaNa jaisA banA letA hai| zramaNa jaisI vezabhUSA, pAtra tathA upakaraNa rakhatA hai| sahiNutA hone para kezaluJcana karatA hai| bhikSAcaryA se jIvana-yApana karatA hai| zramaNa kisI ke bhI ghara bhikSAcaryA hetu jAtA hai jabaki zramaNabhUta pratimA vAlA prAyaH apane sambandhiyoM ke gharoM meM jAtA hai| zvetAmbaroM meM isakA kAla eka dina se lekara gyAraha mAsa hai| digambara paramparA meM isakA nAma uddiSTatyAga pratimA hai| apane uddezya se banAye gae AhAra Adi ko nahIM letaa| nimantraNa svIkAra nahIM krtaa| bAloM ko kaiMcI yA chure se banAtA hai| isake do bheda haiM- 1. kSullaka- yaha eka laMgoTI aura eka sapheda cAdara rakhatA hai| kaI gharoM se yA eka ghara se pAtra meM bhikSA letA hai| jUThe bartana svayaM dhotA hai| muniyoM ke sAtha rahakara unakI vaiyAvRtti karatA hai| 2. ailaka- kezaloMca karatA hai| kevala eka laMgoTI hotI hai| mayUrapaMkha kI pIchI rakhatA hai| munivat AhAra hAtha meM lekara karatA hai| (kha) zramaNa (bhikSu) kI bAraha pratimAe~ zrAvaka kI pratimAoM kI taraha zramaNa (bhikSu) kI bhI viziSTa-sAdhanA-bhUmikA rUpa bAraha pratimAe~ haiN| ina pratimAoM athavA pratimAyoga kI sAdhanA meM zramaNa mana-vacana-kAya tInoM yogoM ko niyaMtrita karatA hai| prathama sAta pratimAe~ vizeSarUpa se AhAra-niyamana se sambandhita haiM aura bAda kI pA~ca pratimAe~ Asana-vizeSarUpa-kAyotsarga se sambandhita haiN| inakA vizeSa vivaraNa nimna prakAra haiM - zvetAmbara mAnyatA 1. mAsikI- isa pratimA ko dhAraNa karane vAlA zramaNa eka mAsa taka pratidina eka datti anna kI aura eka datti jala kI grahaNa karatA hai| eka datti kA artha hai eka akhaNDa dhArA ke rUpa meM jo AhAra yA jala sAdhu ke pAtra meM dAtA zrAvaka detA hai, utanA hI lekara saMtoSa krnaa| viziSTa niyama (abhigraha) lekara (jaise dAtA kA eka paira dehalI ke bAhara ho) dina meM eka bAra hI bhikSArtha jAtA hai| yadi vidhi ke anukUla AhAra nahIM milatA to upavAsa karatA hai| garbhavatI tathA stanapAna karAne vAlI striyoM ke lie nirmita AhAra nahIM letaa| samAgata sabhI kaSToM ko samatAbhAva se sahana karatA hai| upasarga karane vAle para dveSa na karake use apanA upakArI samajhakara karma-nirjarA karatA hai| eka gA~va meM do rAtri se adhika nahIM ThaharatA aura sUryAsta hone para jaisA bhI sthAna hotA hai ruka jAtA hai| 2. dvimAsikI- do mAsa taka dina meM do datti anna kI aura do datti jala kI letA hai| zeSa prathama pratimAvat hai| yadyapi yahA~ do dattiyA~ AhAra kI mila rahI haiM phira bhI prathama se dvitIya pratimA kaThina hai kyoMki isakI samaya-sImA adhika hai tathA AhAravidhi ke niyama kaThora hote haiN| 3. trimAsikI- isameM tIna mAsa taka tIna dattiyA~ lI jAtI haiN| 4. caturmAsikI- isameM cAra dattiyA~ cAra mAsa taka lI jAtI haiN| 5. paJcamAsikI- isameM pA~ca dattiyA~ pA~ca mAsa taka lI jAtI haiN| 6. SaDmAsikI- isameM cha: dattiyA~ cha: mAsa taka lI jAtI haiN| 7. saptamAsikI- isameM sAta dattiyA~ sAta mAsa taka lI jAtI haiN| 8. prathama sapta ahorAtrikI- isameM zramaNa eka dina kA nirjala upavAsa (caturbhakta) karake nagara ke bAhara jAkara uttAnAsana, pArvAsana yA niSadyAsana dvArA sAta dina-rAta kA kAyotsarga karatA hai| mala-mUtra kI bAdhA hone para use 274

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visarjita kara punaH usI sthAna para usI Asana se baiTha sakatA hai| anya kisI bhI prakAra kI bAdhA yA upasarga hone para dhyAna se vicalita nahIM hotA hai| 9. dvitIya sapta ahorAtrikI- yaha bhI pUrvavat sAta dina-rAta kI hai| isameM daNDAsana, lakuTAsana athavA utkaTukAsana se kAyotsarga dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| 10. tRtIya sapta ahorAtrikI- yaha bhI sAta dina-rAta kI hai| isameM godohanikAsana, vIrAsana athavA AmrakubjAsana se kAyotsarga (Atma-dhyAna) kiyA jAtA hai| 11. ahorAtrikI- yaha eka ahorAtrikI (24 ghaNTe = sUryodaya se agale sUryodaya taka) kI pratimA hai| isameM sAdhaka do dina taka nirjala upavAsa (SaSThabhakta = belA) karake nagara ke bAhara caubIsa ghaNTe taka khaDgAsana (donoM pairoM ko saMkucita karake tathA donoM bhujAoM ko jAnu-paryanta jAMgha taka lambI karake) se dhyAna lagAtA hai| 12. rAtrikI- isa pratimA kA prArambha aSTama bhakta (tIna dina taka cAroM prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga rUpa telA) tapa se kiyA jAtA hai| pUrvavat khaDgAsana se nagara ke bAhara kAyotsarga (dhyAna) karatA hai| isameM zarIra ko thor3A sA Age jhukAkara kisI eka pudgala dravya para animeSa dRSTi lagAtA hai aura apanI indriyoM ko bhI gupta kara letA hai| isa dhyAna (nirvikalpa samAdhi) meM dhyAtA aura dhyeya donoM ekAkAra ho jAte haiN| yaha ati kaThina dhyAna hai| isameM asAvadhAnI baratane para bahuta aniSTa (pAgalapana, bhayaMkara roga, dharmacyuti) hotA hai aura yadi samyak sAdhana kara letA hai to kramaza: avadhi, mana:paryaya aura kevalajJAna kI prApti hotI hai| isa taraha sAdhu kA yaha pratimAyoga AyAradasA kI chaThI dasA meM batalAyA gayA hai| yahI zvetAmbara mAnyatA hai| digambara mAnyatA digambara paramparA meM bhI inhIM nAmoM vAlI sAdhu kI bAraha pratimAe~ milatI haiN| sallekhanA ke prakaraNa meM kahA gayA hai ki yadi sAdhu kI Ayu evaM zarIra kI zakti adhika zeSa hai to use zAstrokta bAraha pratimAoM ko dhAraNa karake kramaza: AhAra kA tyAga karanA caahie| mahAsattvazAlI, parISahajayI tathA uttama saMhanana vAlA kSapaka sAdhu ina pratimAoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai tathA dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ko karate hue kramaza: avadhijJAna, mana:paryayajJAna aura kevalajJAna ko prApta karatA hai| isa prakAra ye sabhI pratimAe~ uttarottara kaThina evaM zreSTha haiN| 1. mAsikI- durlabha AhAra-grahaNa sambandhI vidhi lekara niyama karatA hai- 'yadi eka mAsa meM aisA AhAra milA to AhAra lU~gA anyathA nhiiN'| mAsa ke antima dina vaha pratimAyoga dhAraNa kara letA hai| isI taraha agrima pratimAoM meM AhAra vidhi ke kaThora niyama lekara pUrvavat AhAra na milane para pratimAyoga dhAraNa karatA hai| 2. dvimAsikI, 3. trimAsikI, 4. caturmAsikI, 5. paJcamAsikI, 6. pANmAsikI aura 7. sptmaasikii| 8-10 sapta- sapta divasIya tIna pratimAe~ ye bhI pUrvavat sau-sau gunA adhika kaThina vidhi pUrvaka hotI haiN| inameM kramaza: 3, 2 aura 1 grAsa AhAra liyA jAtA hai|| 11 ahorAtrikI tathA 12 rAtrikI- ina do pratimAoM meM anagAra kramaza: caubIsa tathA bAraha ghaNToM kA pratimAyoga (kAyotsarga-AtmadhyAna) karatA hai| phalasvarUpa sUryodaya hone para kevalajJAna prApta kara letA hai| pazcAt antima pratimAyoga karake siddhatva ko prApta kara letA hai| isa taraha donoM paramparAoM meM zramaNa-pratimAoM meM thor3A antara hai| vastutaH ye vItarAgatA-prApti ke sopAna haiN| inakI avadhi donoM paramparAoM meM (upavAsa Adi kI avadhi na jor3ane para) 28 mAsa sAr3he 22 dina hotI hai| sandarbha 1. dekheM, AyAradasA chaha aura sAta dshaayeN| samantabhadrakRta rtnkrnnddshraavkaacaar| jainendrsiddhaantkosh| 2. pratimA pratijJA-abhigrahaH / sthAnAMgavRtti, patra 184 3. paM. AzAdhara praNIta mUlArAdhanAdarpaNa, gAthA 25, jainendrasiddhAntakoza, pR. 392-393 275

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Is peaceful co-existence possible through Jainism? Everybody wants happiness and peaceful coexistence in his life. All the religions and faiths teach us to strive towards this ultimate goal of peaceful coexistence. Jainism enables an individual and societies to achieve this ultimate goal by prescribing them to believe and acquire the Right Vision, Right Knowledge and Right Conduct. In order to acquire these three objectives, Jainism proposes the following three principles to practice: 1. Non-violence (Ahimsa) 2. Abstinence from worldly possessions (Aparigraha) 3. Multiplicity of Views (Anekanta). Non-violence is deeply rooted in the Jaina philosophy. Jainism believes that all types of evils can be eliminated by practicing non-violence. Violence is commonly believed to mean bodily harm to someone: additionally, Jainism believes that hurting someone's feelings or emotions either directly or indirectly, especially when done on purpose, are also violence. Non-violence is for the brave people. Mahatma Gandhi fought against the British rule to free India based on the sound principles of Non-violence. All the 24 Jaina Tirthankaras were born in royal families and were also great warriors; but they all realized that it is more courageous to conquer oneself than the outside world. It is extremely challenging to practice the purest form of Nonviolence in our daily lives. Violence can occur from one of the following four kinds of activities: a) Accidental violence is caused by living a life while doing daily routine work. b) Occupational violence is caused while doing business. c) Protective violence is caused while protecting oneself when attacked from others as a reaction. d) Intentional violence is caused either by making a mental determination or by thinking about hurting someone. Jainism prescribes that a common person must avoid intentional violence by taking extra measures, while the other forms of violence must be avoided as for as possible. Jainism insists on vegetarian food habits and strongly opposes non-vegetarian food habits. It is an established fact that non-vegetarian food habits not only promote violence but also are harmful to our mind, body and spiritual soul. It has been medically shown that non-vegetarian food habits are responsible for many types of diseases. Similarly, drinking filtered water and eating before sunset are also medically proved good life-style habits as they prevent many types of harmful infections, indigestion, acidity and reflux problems. 276

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The principle of Aparigraha is about practicing renunciation of materialistic possessions, controlling anger, greed etc. For example, a family person should only earn and possess just enough to meet his ends and to lead a simple life, and the excess money and other materialistic possessions should be donated to the people, community and society in need. Aparigraha allows peaceful prevention of undue accumulation of capital in the hands of individuals. Consequently, such a practice can significantly help the societies and nations reach socio-economic equalization. The principle of Anekanta is about respectful acceptance of multiple viewpoints and perspectives about any subject matter. Firstly, the human beings have limited, and often, differing and incomplete understanding and knowledge about a subject matter. Secondly, the thoughts and the understanding about a subject matter are presented, expressed and communicated with varying view-points. Sometime, these varying view-points are conflicting in nature and unacceptable by some other individuals. Jainism strikes a perfect balance by unifying and harmonizing the individual view-points into a predictable and acceptable whole based upon the theory of Syadvada. In other words, the theory of Syadvada is like a music orchestra that blends the individual discordant notes of different instruments into a perfect composition. The theory of Syadvada teaches that there is no one independent individual correct view-point; there are multiple correct viewpoints and they all must be simultaneously true to facilitate "intellectual tolerance". As is obvious, the principles of Ahisa, Anekanta and Aparigraha are the right conduct, knowledge and vision. Jainism further believes that we all should be friendly to others, show compassion towards people in need and respect good people. Therefore, by practising the principles of Jainism, one inherently promotes and cultivates peaceful co-existence of individuals and societies not only with other human beings but also with all other living creatures, thereby also protecting our environment. Anekantavada and Syadvada theories of Jainism teaches us the acceptance of different points of view. How can individuals practice this in everyday life to become more tolerant? Individual can practice Anekantavada by following means: Listen to others Attempt to understand other person's viewpoints and not impose our own. 1 Communicate your own viewpoints by educating others or using alternate communication mechanisms in a peaceful manner. Be flexible and adopting. Jainism advocates total non-violence. How does one defend one self or one's country in the face of violence by others? Answer: Jainism prescribes absolute total non-violence for 'Munis'. It strongly 277

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recommends total non-violence to the common man or woman like us; however it allows the common man or woman to defend oneself or one's country only when attacked by others. How do Digambaras and Svetambaras perform their Worship (puja) ? Each religion has its own code of conduct which is the essence or the heart of the religion which keeping it alive. There are some essentials prescribed for Jain house-holders. Among these worship of deity (Deva-Puja) is the foremost. Puja is usually performed in the presence of an idol of Seer (Arihanta) by offering some materials (dravya). Sometimes, it can also be performed in the absence of the idol without offeringmaterials. Puja is usually performed in the temple in front of the idol of Seer (Arihanta) but it can also be performed at home with or without the idol. Normally when materials are is offered, it is called Dravya Puja and when it is performed without offering materials, it is called Bhava Puja. Importance of worship (puja) Puja is the most important ritual among the idol-worshipper (Murtipujaka) Jains. Digambara and Svetambara perform puja according to their rituals. Some differences are there but the main aim is same i.e. to destroy their karmas and to attain the liberation (moksha). In Jain religion the Supreme God (Tirthankara) is not the ultimate cause of creation, maintainance and destruction of the world. The Seer neither pleases nor angers. Therefore he neither gives blessings to the worshipper nor punishes anyone out of anger. According to Jain religion Paramatma (Arhanta, Siddha) is the supreme spirit reaching the ultimate state of spiritual evolution by gradual destruction of karma through penance etc. Each atma becomes Paramatma and sustains its individuality. Paramatma has nothing to do with the worldly life. Reason of worship (puja) Why do Jainas worship their Tirthankaras etc? They claim that Tirthankaras are desireless. They are Vitaragi (detached). Worshippers worship them not to fulfill their worldly desires. Worldly desires of the worshipper are automatically fulfilled owing to the destruction of karma. Method of worship (puja) Now we have to discuss how Digambara and Svetambara perform puja? First of all worshippers take bath. After taking bath they go to the temple for puja and put on their special purified clothes which are usually kept in the temples. Before entering the temple one must wash one's hands and feet. Having entered the temple one should ring the bell slowly and utter three times 'Nissihi' (renunciation), three times 'Om' and three times 'Namostu'. Then after the recitation of 'Namokara Mantra' for the three times and bowing before the idol one should make circumvallation (975641) around the altar (vedi) in clockwise direc

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tion. Idol worshippers of both the Jain sects (Digambara and Svetambara) perform their pujas. Though their methods of puja differ to some extent yet their aim is similar. In both traditions puja is the most important ritual. According to Svetambara tradition worship is offered in three different ways(1) First worship is called Anga-Puja, this is done by anointing for different path of an idol or Arihanta with water, sandal wood and flowers. (2) Second worship is called Agra-Puja, which is done by placing, incense, lamp, rice, fruits and sweets in front of idols. (3) Third worship is Bhavapuja, which is done by Caitya Vandana. Note : The first and second worships are called Draya Puja (Material Worship). These two pujas collectively together are called Asta Prakari Puja. The Asta Prakari Puja is done by offering eight different types of substances. Jain puja symbolizes various aspects of our religion. There are different types of puja being performed at the occassion of various religious ceremonies. The following eight materials are used in performing pujas in both traditionsSvetambara Tradition (1) Jala (Water) puja (2) Candana (Sandal wood) puja (3) Puspa (Flower) puja (4) Dhupa(Incense) puja (5) Dipaka(lamp) puja (6) Aksata (Rice) puja (7) Naivedya (Sweets) paja (8) Fala (Fruits) puja Note : Other functions are - (1) Darpana (Mirror) puja : Jains see the reflection of the idol on the mirror by turning their own neck. At that time they think that the God is reflecting in their heart. (2) Camvara puja (3) Fan puja (4) Vandana / Bhava puja (5) Arati puja-Specially performed in evening, symbolizing the joy after performing all religious activities. It destroys all karmas and brings happiness. Other Special puja (a) Snatra puja- It symbolises bathing of the new born Tirthankaras by gods and goddesses over Meru Mountain. It is always performed prior to any puja. This is birthday celebration of God. Digambars perform this worship daily. (b) Panca kalyanaka puja (Garbha, Janma, Diksha, Jnana, Nirvana) (c) Nava pada puja (Five Parmeshthi, Ratnatraya and Tapa). (d) Baraha vrata puja (Twelve vows). 279

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(e) Navvanu puja (99 types). Digambara Tradition (1) Jala (Water) Puja (2) Candana (Water which is coloured by sandal wood) Puja (4) Puspa ( Rice coloured by sandal wood) Puja (5) Naivedya (Small pieces of white coconut) Puja (6) Dipa (Coloured pieces of coconut) Puja- It is a symbol of Dipaka (7) Dhupa (Incense) Puja (8) Fala (Dry Fruits) Puja Note : Before starting puja, they perform Jalabhisheka or Prakshala of Idol and then Asta Prakari Puja. After offering fruits, they offer Arghya (mixture of all the eight materials). First of all they worship Deva, Sastra and Guru, after then worship by adoration (Jaimala) is performed. At the end, they read santipatha and Visarjanapatha. Some Digambaras (Bisapanthi) use green fruits, flowers and sweets also. They also perform abhisheka by sandal wood, mixed water, curd, milk etc. but other Terapanthi) use only pure water. This bathing water is called Gandhodaka ( holy water) and they touch this holy water on their foreheads and faces too. Having performed all these worships, they end with Arati. Other special Pujas (a) Navagraha Puja (b) Ratnatraya Puja (e) Pancameru Puja (d) Siddhacakra Puja (e) Tirthankara Puja (f) Indradhvaja Puja (g) Santinatha Vidhana Puja (i) Dasha Laksana Puja Objectives of worship (puja) in both traditions Now we are going to discuss the objectives of puja. These areJala (Water) Puja-To remove all the karmas and impurities from soul or to get rid oneself of the cycle of birth and death. Candana (Sandal-wood) Puja-To make our soul tranquil (calm) or to subside the suffering of the world (Samsaratapavinasanaya). Puspa (Unbroken flowers) Puja- To live like flowers, full of love and compassion to all worldly living beings or to conquer our sexual desires and passions which are the root cause for the accumulation of karmas. Dhupa (Incensed) Puja- To destroy the bad odor (smell) or false faith (mithyatva) and to manifest our pure soul or to destroy all the eight karmas. Dipa (Lamp) Puja- To attain the knowledge in the form of kevalajnana (omniscience) or to destroy the darkness of ignorance and false belief 280

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(Mohandhakaravinasanaya). Aksata (White Rice) Puja- Not to be born again or to end the cycle of birth, life and death. Naivedya (Sweet) Puja- To attain that position where, there remains no desire for food or to eliminate the desire for food. Fala (Fruit) Puja-To attain liberation, the ultimate goal of every living being. Arghya Puja- (Mixture of all eight substances)- To attain anarghyapada that is moksha (nirvana). Jaimala (Adoration) - By reciting the virtues of Tirthankaras to possess similar virtues in our soul. santipatha (Wishing peace) Puja- Wishing peace and happiness for all living beings. Visarjana (Conclusion)-Asking for forgiveness for any mistake or negligence committed during the puja. Arati- To show our respect to lord. The whole purpose of Puja is that by reciting the virtues of Tirthankara, Arhanta, Siddha or Paramesthi, we also remind ourselves that these same virtues are also to be possessed by us and that by taking the path of Tirthankara, we also can attain the liberation. jaina darzana meM zabdArtha-sambandha manuSya apane vicAroM aura anubhUtiyoM ko pramukha rUpa se zabdapratIkoM (sArthaka dhvani-saGketoM ke suvyavasthita rUpa) ke mAdhyama se abhivyakta karatA hai| bhAratIya darzana meM zabdArtha-sambandha para gambhIratA se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| jaina dArzanikoM ne bhI isa sambandha meM tattvArthavArtika, prameyakamalamArtaNDa, nyAyakumudacandra Adi granthoM meM vistRta vicAra kiyA hai| zabdArtha ke sambandha meM jainetara bhAratIya dArzanikoM kI nimna mAnyatAyeM haiM (ka) bauddha- zabda aura artha kA koI sambandha nahIM hai| zabda kA artha vidhirUpa na hokara anyApoha (itara-vyAvRtti) rUpa hai| inakA kahanA hai ki zabda aura artha meM jo vAcya-vAcaka sambandha mAnA jAtA hai vaha vastutaH kAryakAraNabhAva sambandha se bhinna nahIM hai kyoMki buddhi meM artha kA jo pratibimba hotA hai vaha zabdajanya hai; isase use vAcya kahate haiM tathA zabda ko usakA janaka hone se vAcaka kahate haiN| (kha) mImAMsaka- ye zabda aura artha kA nitya sambandha mAnate haiN| zabda ko bhI nitya mAnate haiN| zabda kA artha sAmAnya mAtra hotA hai, vizeSa nahIM, jaise 'gau' zabda 'go' vyakti kA bodhaka na hokara 'gotva' sAmAnya kA bodhaka hai| sAmAnya vyakti ke binA nahIM raha sakatA hai aisA niyama hone se sAmAnyabodha ke pazcAt lakSitalakSaNA ke dvArA vyakti-vizeSa kI pratIti hotI hai| bhATTa mImAMsaka zabda ko dravya mAnate haiM aura prabhAkara mImAMsaka AkAza kA guNa svIkAra karate haiM / (ga) vaiyAkaraNa- ye 'sphoTa' nAmaka eka nitya tattva mAnate haiN| inake anusAra varNa-dhvaniyA~ (varNa, pada aura vAkya) kSaNika haiM, ata: unase arthabodha nahIM ho sakatA hai| ina varNa-padAdirUpa kSaNika varNadhvaniyoM se bhinna sphoTa kI abhivyakti hotI hai aura usase artha kA bodha hotA hai| inake matAnusAra kevala saMskRta zabdoM meM hI arthabodha kI zakti hai| prAkRta Adi dezI bhASAoM ke zabdoM meM nhiiN| zabda brahmavAdI hone se inake yahA~ zabda dravyAtmaka svIkRta hai| (gha)nyAya-vaizeSika- ye zabda ko AkAza kA guNa mAnate haiM jo AkAza-dravya meM samavAya sambandha se rahatA hai| zabda tAlvAdijanya hone se anitya hai| (Ga) sAMkhya-yoga- zabda prakRti kA pariNAma hone se anitya hai| tathA dravyarUpa hai| jaina darzana kI mAnyatA : zabda anitya hai, zabdArthasambandha anitya hai tathA zubda kA viSaya sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka hai| zabda na to AkAza

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kA guNa hai aura na svatantra dravya apitu pudgaladravya kI paryAya hai| vAcyArtha kA sahI jJAna naya aura nikSepa paddhati se sambhava hai| zabda kI anityatA tathA usake dravyarUpa yA guNarUpa hone kA vicAra - jaina dRSTi se zabda pudgaladravya (rUpa-rasa-gandha-sparza Adi se yukta acetana tattva) kI paryAya hai| pratyeka dravya meM do prakAra ke dharma pAye jAte haiM-nitya dharma (guNa) aura anitya dharma (pryaay)| bhASA vargaNArUpa pudgala ke paramANu (pudgala ke ve paramANu jo zabdarUpa meM badalane kI yogyatA rakhate haiM) hI nimitta pAkara zabdarUpa pariNata ho jAte haiN| arthAt jaba ve pudgala-paramANu saMyogavibhAga Adi nimitta pAkara zabdarUpa pariNata hote haiM to use pudgala kI paryAya kahate haiN| yaha zabdarUpa pariNamana zakti kevala pudgala ke bhASA vargaNArUpa paramANuoM meM hI hai, anya meM nhiiN| yaha pariNamana kSaNika hotA hai| ata: ye pudgala ke anitya dharma kahe jAte haiN| ye zabda na to vAyurUpa haiM aura na AkAzaguNa rUpa svIkRta haiN| ye svarUpataH gatyAtmaka haiN| ina para deza-kAla kA prabhAva par3atA hai| cAroM ora inakA vIcI-taraGganyAya se vistAra hotA hai jisameM vAyu sahAyaka kAraNa banatA hai| AcArya kundakunda ne zabdotpatti ke sambandha meM kahA hai saddo khaMdhappabhavo khaMdho prmaannusnggsNdhaado|| puDhesu tesu jAyadi saddo uppAdigo nniydo|| paJcAstikAya 79 artha-paramANuoM ke saGghAta (paraspara saMyogavizeSa) se skandha banatA hai aura una skandhoM ke paraspara TakarAne se zabda utpanna hotA hai| ataH zabda nizcaya se utpAdya (anitya) hai| spaSTArtha-jisa prakAra paramANuoM meM gandhAdi guNa avyakta rUpa se sadA rahate haiM usI prakAra zabda bhI paramANuoM meM rahate haiM, aisA nahIM hai| kyoMki zabda skandhoM ke TakarAne se utpanna hote haiM aura ve zravaNendriya kA viSaya hone se mUrta (skandharUpa) haiN| zabda meM rUpAdi bhI haiN| parantu anudbhUta haiN| ata: ve pudgalaskandha kI paryAya (anitya dharma) haiM, guNa nhiiN| vastutaH zabda ananta pudgala paramANuoM kI skandhAtmaka paryAya hai jo bAhya nimittakAraNarUpa skandhoM (vAyu, galA, tAlu, jihvA, oSTha, ghaMTA, Dhola, megha Adi) ke TakarAne se janya hai| abhyantara kAraNa svayaM zabda rUpa pariNamita hone vAlI ananta paramANumayI zabdayogya vargaNAyeM haiN| ye zabda vargaNAyeM samasta loka meM vyApta haiN| isa taraha zabda na to guNa rUpa hai, na paramANu rUpa hai aura na dravyarUpa hai apitu pudgaladravya kI paryAyavizeSa (anityadharma) hai| paryAyeM, dravya se sarvathA pRthak nahIM hotI haiN| ata: apekSAbheda se zabda ko paudgalika yA pudgaladravya bhI kaha sakate haiN| zabdArtha-sambandha kI anityatA / zabda aura artha meM na to anvaya-vyatireka sambandha hai aura na bauddhoM kI taraha tAdAtmya-tadutpatti sambandha hai| apitu yogyatArUpa sambandha hai| jaise jJAna meM jJApaka zakti hai aura jJeya meM jJApya zakti hai vaise hI zabda meM vAcaka (pratipAdaka) zakti aura artha meM vAcya (pratipAdya) / zakti pratiniyata hai| isI vAcya-vAcaka zakti kA nAma 'yogyatA hai| yadyapi sabhI zabdoM meM sabhI prakAra ke arthoM ko kahane kI zakti hai parantu vyaktiyoM ke dvArA pratiniyata saGketa kara lene ke kAraNa pratyeka zabda pratiniyata artha kA hI pratipAdana karatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki eka hI zabda kA vibhinna bhASAoM meM tathA vibhinna pradezoM meM vividha arthoM meM saGketa milatA hai, jaise-'phUla' zabda hindI bhASA meM 'puSpa' kA vAcaka hai to aMgrejI meM 'mUrkha' kA vAcaka hai / 'karkaTikA' zabda mAlavA meM 'kakar3I' artha kA vAcaka hai to, gujarAta meM 'yoni' artha kA vAcaka hai| isa taraha siddha hai ki zabdArtha-sambandha anitya hai / prayoga, sandarbha Adi ke anusAra use artha diyA jAtA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki deza, kAla, bhASA Adi ke bheda se zabdArtha-sambandhoM meM bheda pAyA jAtA hai| arthApakarSa (yathA-asura), -arthavistAra (yathA-syAhI), arthasaGkoca (yathA vAsa) Adi bhASAvijJAna ke niyama bhI isI tathya kI puSTi karate haiN| jaina dRSTi se sampreSaNa aura arthagrahaNa kI zakti meM 'nAmakarma' kA kSayopazama bhI nimitta kAraNa hotA hai| cakSa meM jaise rUpa ke prakAzana kI zakti hai vaise hI zabda meM artha ke prakAzana kI zakti svAbhAvika hai, parantu zabda saGketagrAhI puruSa ko hI apane artha kA jJAna karAtA hai| cUMki zabda jJApaka hai, ata: vaha saGketa kI apekSA se hI artha kA bodha karAtA hai| jo jJApaka hotA hai vaha usI puruSa ko, jJApya kA jJAna karAtA hai jisane pahale se jJApaka aura jJApya ke sambandha ko jAna liyA ho| zabda aura artha kA mImAMsakoM kI taraha nitya sambandha nahIM hai, apitu anitya sambandha hai-zabda yogyatArUpa sambandha se hI artha kA pratipAdaka hotA hai| yaha sambandha naiyAyikoM kI taraha 'IzvarecchArUpa' bhI nahIM hai apitu prANiyoM ke prayatna se janya hai| yaha arthabodhakatA mAtra zabda meM nihita nahIM hai apitu vaktA aura zrotA kI yogyatA para bhI nirbhara hai| yahI 282

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kAraNa hai ki anasIkhI bhASA se na to arthabodha hotA hai aura na vaktA usa bhASA ko bola pAtA hai| anitya zabdoM se arthajJAna kaise?- zabda ko anitya mAnane para vaha utpanna hote hI naSTa ho jAyegA, phalasvarUpa 'gau' (g-au) Adi zabdoM se arthajJAna nahIM hogaa| isake uttara meM jainoM kA kahanA hai, jaise dhUma ke anitya hone para bhI sAdRzya ke kAraNa dhUma sAmAnya se agni kA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai vaise hI zabda ke anitya hone para bhI sAdRzya ke kAraNa zabda-sAmAnya se arthajJAna ho sakatA hai| zabda anitya hai kyoMki vaha kArya hai| zabda kArya hai kyoMki vaha kAraNoM ke hone para utpanna hotA hai aura kAraNoM ke abhAva meM utpanna nahIM hotA hai| zabda utpanna hokara vIcItaraGga nyAya se anya-anya sadRza zabdoM ko utpanna karatA huA lokAnta taka jA sakatA hai| vaiyAkaraNoM ne varNa, padAdi ke anitya hone se eka nitya, sphoTa tattva kI kalpanA kI hai, parantu jainoM ne aise kisI nitya tattva ko arthabodha ke lie Avazyaka nahIM mAnA hai| unakI mAnyatA hai ki pUrva vaNoM ke nAza se viziSTa antima varNa se artha kA bodha hotA hai arthAt pUrva vargoM ke jJAna ke saMskAra se sahita antima varNa artha kA bodha karAtA hai| jaise-prathamataH varNa kA jJAna, pazcAt usase saMskArotpatti, pazcAt dUsare varNa kA jJAna, tadanantara pUrvavarNajJAna ke saMskAra se sahita usa jJAna se viziSTa saMskAra kA jnm| tRtIya Adi vargoM ke viSaya meM bhI artha kA jJAna karAne vAle antima varNa ke sahAyaka antima saMskAra taka yahI krama jAnanA caahie| vAkya se arthajJAna hone meM bhI yahI niyama hai| zabda kA viSaya sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka hai-mImAMsakoM kI taraha zabda kA viSaya sAmAnyamAtra nahIM hai apitu sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka hai| vastutaH saGketa ke anusAra hI zabda vAcaka hotA hai| saGketa sAmAnyaviziSTa vizeSa meM hI kiyA jAtA hai, na ki sAmAnya mAtra meM / kevala sAmAnya na to pravRtti kA viSaya hai aura na kisI arthakriyA meM upayogI hai| jaise gau, ghaTa Adi vyakti kAryakArI haiM, gotva yA ghaTatva jAti (sAmAnya) nhiiN| 'daNDI' zabda se jaise daNDa viziSTa puruSa kI pratIti hotI hai vaise hI 'gau' zabda se gotva-viziSTa gopiNDa kI pratIti hotI hai| vastuta: jAti aura vyakti donoM zabdavAcya haiN| prasaGgAnusAra vivakSAbheda se unameM mukhyatA aura gauNatA dekhI jAtI hai| saMskRta bhinna zabdoM meM bhI artha-vAcakatA - saMskRta ke 'gau' Adi zaddha zabdoM kI taraha apabhraMza ke 'gAvI' Adi zabdoM se bhI arthajJAna hotA hai, kyoMki vAcyavAcakabhAva lokavyavahAra ke adhIna hotA hai| yadi aisA nahIM mAnA jAyegA to asaMskRtajJoM ko kabhI bhI zabdArthajJAna nahIM hogaa| zabdoM ke bheda- zabda do prakAra ke haiM--prAyogika aura vaisrsik| puruSa Adi cetana ke prayatna se janya zabda ko 'prAyogika' kahate haiN| cetanaprayatna ke binA kevala pudgala skandhoM ke saGgharSa se janya zabda ko 'vaisrasika' kahate haiM / jaise-meghadhvani aadi| prAyogika ke prathamataH do bheda haiM - bhASAtmaka aura abhaassaatmk| inake bhI avAntara bheda haiN| zabda prAyogika (cetanaprayatnajanya zabda) vaistrasika (binA cetanaprayatnajanya zabda) (sabhI abhASAtmaka)(meghadhvani Adi) abhASAtmaka (vINA Adi ke zabda prAyogika hone se inheM bhASA ke rUpa meM pariNata kiyA jA sakatA hai) akSarAtmaka (manuSyoM kI saMskRtAdi bhASAyeM) anakSarAtmaka (dvIndiyAdi kI boliyAM aura jIvanmukta kevalI kI divyadhvani) tata vitata ghana (camar3e se mar3he hue (tAra vAle vAdyoM (AghAtajanya vAdyoM ke zabda Dhola ) ke zabda sAraMgI, vINA) janya zabda ghaNTA ) suSira (phUMka se janya zabda zaMkha) saMgharSa (gharSaNa se janya zabda jhAMjha ) anya prakAra -zabdoM ke anya prakAra se nimna tIna bheda kie gae haiM 283

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bhASAtmaka aura abhaassaatmk| bhASAtmaka ke do bheda haiM-akSarAtmaka aura ankssraatmk| manuSyoM kI saMskRta, prAkRta, aGgrejI Adi bhASAye akSarAtmaka haiN| dvIndriyAdi jIvoM kI bhASA tathA kevalI kI divyadhvani anakSarAtmaka hai| vINA, Dhola, jhAMjha, bAMsurI Adi se utpanna zabda abhASAtmaka haiN| sabhI vaisrasika zabda abhASAtmaka haiM / zabda, pada aura vAkya arthabodhaka vibhaktirahita vaNoM ke samudAya ko 'zabda' kahate haiM aura vibhaktisahita hone para use hI 'pada' kahate haiN| jaise 'rAma' (ra-A-m -a) eka zabda hai aura 'rAmaH' (rAma -su vibhakti =:) yA 'rAma ne eka pada hai| 'pada' vAkyAMza hotA hai aura vaha vAkyasApekSa hotA hai parantu 'zabda' vAkya-nirapekSa hotA hai| apane vAcyArtha ko prakaTa karane ke lie paraspara sAkAGkSa (sApekSa) padoM kA nirapekSa samudAya vAkya hai, 'padAnAM tu tadapekSANAM nirapekSa: samudAyo vAkyamiti (prameyakamalamArtaNDa pR0 458) arthAt sAkAGkSa pada paraspara milakara taba eka aisI ikAI banA lete haiM jise apanA arthabodha karAne ke lie anya kI apekSA nahIM rahatI hai, vAkya kahate haiN| vAkya ke svarUpa ke sambandha meM vibhinna mata bhAratIya dArzanikoM meM vAkya ke svarUpa ke sambandha meM do pramukha mata haiM (1) vAkya se pRthak pada kA koI mahattva nahIM hai| vAkya eka akhaNDa ikAI hai| isa mata vAle anvitAbhidhAnavAdI (prabhAkara mImAMsaka kA mata) kahalAte haiN| isa anvitAbhidhAna mata meM pada paraspara anvita hI pratIta hote haiM, arthAt padoM ko sunakara saGketa grahaNa kevala ananvita padArthoM meM nahIM hotA, apitu vAkya meM pada paraspara anvita (sambandhita) hokara hI vAkyArtha kA bodha karAte haiN| (2) pada vAkya ke mahattvapUrNa aGga haiM aura ve apane Apa meM svatantra ikAI haiN| isa mata vAle abhihitAnvayavAdI (kumArilabhaTTa kA mata) kahalAte haiN| isa mata (abhihitAnvayavAda) se prathamataH padoM ko sunakara ananvita (asambaddha) padArtha upasthita hote haiM pazcAt AkAGkSA, yogyatA, sannidhi aura tAtparya ke AdhAra para (vibhaktiprayoga ke AdhAra para) una padoM ke paraspara sambandha kA bodha hokara vAkya kA bodha hotA hai, arthAt vAkyArtha padoM ke vAcyArthoM ke pArasparika sambandha (anvaya) para nirbhara hai| jaina dRSTi se pada aura vAkya donoM kA sApekSika mahattva hai, kyoMki padoM ke abhAva meM na to vAkya sambhava hai aura na vAkya ke abhAva meM pada apane viziSTa artha ke prakAzana meM sakSama hai| isa taraha jainadarzana meM pada aura vAkya donoM para samAna bala diyA gayA hai| vastuta: pada aura vAkya na to paraspara bhinna haiM aura na abhinn| ata: vAkyArtha bodha meM koI bhI upekSaNIya nahIM hai| isa taraha jainadarzana meM donoM matoM kA samanvaya kiyA gayA hai| kiJca isameM na kevala kriyApada (AkhyAta) pradhAna hai aura na krtRpd| vAcyArtha-nirdhAraNa kI naya-nikSepa-paddhati vaktA dvArA kahe gae zabdoM kA sahI artha nirdhAraNa naya aura nikSepa paddhatiyoM se sambhava hai| eka hI zabda yA vAkya prayojana tathA prasaGgAnusAra aneka arthoM meM prayukta hotA hai| jaise - 'saindhava' zabda bhojana ke samaya 'namaka' kA bodhaka hai aura yAtrA ke samaya 'ghor3A' kA bodhaka hai| ataH zrotA ko vaktA ke zabdoM ke sAtha usakA abhiprAya, kathanazailI, tAtkAlika sandarbha Adi ko jAnanA jarUrI hai| isake lie Avazyaka hai, naya aura nikSepa siddhAntoM kA jaannaa| nikSepa paddhati vaktA ne kisa zabda kA prayoga kisa artha meM kiyA hai isakA nirdhAraNa nikSepa se kiyA jAtA hai| pratyeka zabda ke kama se kama cAra prakAra ke artha sambhava haiN| ata: una cAra arthoM ke AdhAra para hI nikSepa ke cAra bheda kie jAte haiM 1. nAma nikSepa, 2. sthApanA nikSepa, 3. dravya nikSepa aura 4. bhAva nikSepa / jaise - 'rAjA' zabda (1) rAjA nAmadhArI vyakti, (2) rAjA kA abhinaya karane vAlA abhinetA, (3) bhUtapUrva zAsaka aura (4) vartamAna zAsaka, ina cAra arthoM ko kramaza: nAmAdi cAra nikSepoM ke dvArA prakaTa karatA hai| (1) nAma nikSepa--zabda ke vyutpattiparaka artha kI tathA guNAdi kI apekSA na karate hue kisI vyakti yA vastu ko saMketita karane ke lie koI 'nAma' rakha denA nAma nikSepa hai| jaise-janmAndha ko 'nayana sukhadAsa' khnaa| isI taraha loka 284

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vyavahArArtha riMkU, pappU Adi nAma rakhanA nAma nikSepa hai| isameM paryAyavAcI zabda nahIM prayukta hote haiM kyoMki eka zabda se eka hI artha (vyakti) kA bodha hotA hai aura vaha usameM rUr3ha ho jAtA hai| eka nAma vAle kaI vyakti bhI ho sakate haiN| (2) sthApanA nikSepa-mUrti, citra, pratikRti Adi meM mUlavastu kA Aropa karanA sthApanA nikSepa hai| isake do prakAra haiM(ka) tadAkAra sthApanA aura (kha) atadAkAra sthaapnaa| jaba mUla vastu kI AkRti ke anurUpa AkRti vAlI vastu meM mUla vastu kA Aropa karate haiM to use tadAkAra-sthApanA kahate haiN| jaise bhagavAna rAma kI mUrti ko 'rAma' kahanA aura use rAma kI taraha sammAna denaa| jaba mUlavastu kI AkRti ke anurUpa AkRti ke na rahane para bhI usameM mUlavastu kA Aropa kiyA jAtA hai to use atadAkAra-sthApanA kahate haiN| jaise zataraMja kI moharoM ko rAjA, vajIra Adi khnaa| (2) dravya nikSepa--jo artha yA vastu pUrvakAla meM kisI paryAya meM raha cukI ho yA bhaviSya meM rahegI use vartamAna meM bhI usI nAma se saGketita karanA dravya nikSepa hai| jaise- sevAnivRtta adhyApaka ko vartamAna meM bhI adhyApaka khnaa| DAkTarI par3hane vAle chAtra ko vartamAna meM DAkTara khnaa| miTTI ke aise ghar3e ko ghI kA ghar3A kahanA jisameM yA to pahale kabhI ghI rakhA gayA thA yA bhaviSya meM ghI rakhA jAyegA parantu vartamAna meM ghI se koI sambandha nahIM hai| (4) bhAva nikSepa -jisa artha meM zabda kA vyutpatti nimitta yA pravRtti-nimita vartamAna meM ghaTita hotA ho use tadpa kahanA bhAvanikSepa hai| jaise-sevA kara rahe vyakti ko sevaka kahanA, khAnA pakA rahe vyakti ko pAcaka kahanA, aadi| naya paddhati - vaktA yA jJAtA ke abhiprAya vizeSa ko 'naya' kahate haiN| isase 'bhASA kA artha-vizleSaNa kiyA jAtA hai| abhiprAyoM kI anekatA ke kAraNa isake aneka bheda sambhava haiN| kintu sAmAnya rUpa se isake sAta bheda svIkRta haiN| jainadarzana meM nayoM kA vibhAjana kaI prakAra se kiyA gayA hai| jaise dravyArthika naya aura paryAyArthika naya, nizcaya naya aura vyavahAra naya, aadi| parantu bhASAzAstra kI dRSTi se pramukha sAta bheda svIkRta haiM jinheM zabdanaya aura arthanaya ke bheda se do bhAgoM meM bhI vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| jaise(1) arthanaya - isameM naigama, saGgraha, vyavahAra aura RjusUtra ye 4 naya Ate haiN| (2)zabdanaya-isameM zabda, samabhirUr3ha tathA evambhUta meM 3 naya Ate haiN| sAtoM nayoM ke svarUpa nimna haiM - (1) naigamanaya-vaktA ke saGkalpamAtra yA uddezyamAtra ko grahaNa karane vAlA naigamanaya kahalAtA hai| isameM bhUta aura bhaviSyat paryAyoM meM bhI vartamAna-vyavahAra hotA hai| aupacArika kathana isI naya kI daSTi se satya hai| kriyamANa (bhaviSyat kriyA) ko kRta (ho cukI kriyA) kahanA bhI isI naya se sambhava hai| kyoMki vartamAna meM jo paryAya pUrNa nahIM huI hai use isa naya kI dRSTi se pUrNa mAnA jAtA hai| jaise-DAkTarI par3hane vAle chAtra ko bhAvi lakSya kI dRSTi se vartamAna meM DAkTara khnaa| 'Aja kRSNa janmASTamI hai' aisA vartamAnakAlika vyavahAra bhUtakAlIna ghaTanA kA aupacArika prayoga hai| abhI pUrA bhojana nahIM banA parantu kahanA 'bhojana bana gayA' kriyamANa ko kRta kahanA hai| isameM kucha kArya ho cukA hai aura kucha honA bAkI hai| bhAta paka gayA (cAvala kA pakanA), ATA pisAnA (gehUM pisAnA) Adi prayoga isI naya kI sImA meM Ate haiN| (2)saGgrahanaya--vyaSTi (vizeSa yA bheda) ko gauNa karake samaSTi (sAmAnya yA abheda) kA kathana karanA yA jJAna honA saMgrahanaya hai / apanI-apanI jAti ke anusAra vastuoM kA yA unakI paryAyoM kA eka hI rUpa se kathana karanA yA vaisA jJAna honaa| jaise-'jIva' zabda se sabhI ekendriya se lekara paJcendriya prANiyoM ko eka koTi meM rakhA jAtA hai| 'bhAratIya' kahane se strI, puruSa, bAla, yuvA, garIba, amIra Adi sabhI bhAratavAsiyoM kA bodha hotA hai| (3) vyavahAra naya-samaSTi ko gauNa karake vyaSTi kA kathana yA jJAna vyavahAra naya hai| isameM saGgraha naya se gRhIta padArthoM meM anta taka vidhipUrvaka bheda karate jAte haiN| jaise, 'jIva' ke do bheda- saMsArI aura mukt| saMsArI ke 4 bheda-deva, manuSya, tiryaJca aura naarkii| 'bhAratIya' ke anya bheda-uttaraprAntIya, dakSiNaprAntIya aadi)| (4)RjusUtra naya-bhUta aura bhAvi paryAyoM ko chor3akara vartamAna paryAya ko grahaNa karane vAlA vacana yA jJAna RjusUtra naya hai| yadyapi eka paryAya eka samaya taka hI rahatI hai (kyoMki vastu pratikSaNa parivartita hotI rahatI hai| isa siddhAnta se) parantu vyavahAra se sthUla paryAya kA grahaNa krnaa| jaise janma se mRtyu taka eka manuSya paryAya maannaa| (5) zabda naya- zabda ke liGa saMkhyA, kAraka, upasarga, kAla Adi ke bheda se vAcyArtha meM bheda karanA arthAt liGga Adi ke vyabhicAra ko dUra karane vAle vacana aura jJAna ko zabda naya kahate haiN| bhinna-bhinna liGga vAle zabdoM kA eka hI 285

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vAcya mAnanA liGga-vyabhicAra hai| jaise- strIvAcaka nArI (strIliGga) aura kalatram (napuMsakaliGga) ye bhinna-bhinna liGga vAle hone se paryAyavAcI nahIM bana skte| isI taraha hone vAlA kArya ho gayA' yahA~ kAla vyabhicAra hai, 'kRSNa ne (katR kAraka) mArA' aura 'kRSNa ko (karmavAraka) mArA' yahA~ kRSNa meM kAraka vyabhicAra hai| (6)samabhirUr3ha naya-liGgAdi kA bheda na hone para bhI zabda vyutpatti ke AdhAra para artha-bheda karanA samabhirUr3ha naya hai| jaise-indra (Anandayukta), zakra (zaktizAlI) aura purandara (nagara-vidAraka) meM; rAjA (zobhAyamAna), bhUpAla (pRthivIpAlaka) aura nRpa (manuSyoM kA pAlaka) meM liGgAdi-vyabhicAra nahIM hai| ataH ye paraspara ekArthavAcI hone se zabdanaya kI dRSTi se paryAyavAcI ho sakate haiM parantu ina zabdoM kI vyutpatti bhinna-bhinna hone se samabhirUr3hanaya kI dRSTi se ye ekArthavAcI nahIM haiN| ataH paryAyavAcI nahIM bana skte| isa taraha zabdabheda se arthabheda karanA samabhirUr3hanaya kA kArya hai| (7) evambhUta naya-jisa zabda kA jisa kriyA rUpa artha ho, usa kriyArUpa se pariNata padArtha ko hI grahaNa karane vAlA vacana yA jJAna evambhUtanaya hai| isa naya kI dRSTi se sabhI zabda kriyAvAcaka haiN| ata: zabda ke vAcyArtha kA nirdhAraNa usakI kriyA ke AdhAra para kiyA jAtA hai / jaise Anandopabhoga karate samaya hI devarAja ko indra kahanA, adhyApaka jaba par3hA rahA ho tabhI adhyApaka kahanA; Adi / ye sAtoM naya uttarottara sUkSma-viSayagrAhI haiN| lakSaNA aura vyaJjanA vRttiyoM kA prayoga naigamanaya ke hI adhIna hai| jaba vastu kA kathana kisI eka naya kI dRSTi se kiyA jAtA hai to vahA~ anya nayoM kI dRSTi ko gauNa kara diyA jAtA hai| naya vastu ke ekAMza yA eka dharma ko hI grahaNa karatA hai| pratyeka vastu meM aneka dharma pAye jAte haiN| jinameM se eka-eka naya eka-eka dharma ko viSaya karatA hai| yadi koI eka naya kI dRSTi ko hI pUrNa satya samajhegA to vaha durnayAnugAmI khlaayegaa| AvazyakatAnusAra eka ko mukhya aura zeSa ko gauNa karate hue sAtoM nayoM kI sApekSatA se hI vastu ke yathArtha svarUpa ko jAnA jA sakatA hai| isa taraha naya aura nikSepa vidhiyoM ke dvArA hI vAkyArtha tathA zabdArtha kA nirdhAraNa jainadarzana meM kiyA jAtA hai| yahA~ itanA vizeSa hai ki vAcyArtha na kevala vidhirUpa hotA hai aura na kevala nissedhruup| jaba hama vidhi kA kathana karate haiM to vahA~ niSedha (anya-vyAvRtti) gauNa rahatA hai aura jaba niSedha kA kathana karate haiM to vahA~ vidhi gauNa hotA hai| zabdoM ke dvArA eka sAtha vidhi-niSedha kA kathana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA; ata: use avaktavya kahA jAtA hai| isa kathana-prakriyA ko jainadarzana meM saptabhaGgI zabda se kahA gayA hai-(1) syAdasti, (svApekSayA vidhi kathana), (2) syAnnAsti (parApekSayA niSedha-kathana), (3) syAdasti nAsti (sva-parApekSayA vidhi-niSedha kA kramazaH kathana), (4) syAdavaktavya (svaparApekSayA vidhi-niSedha kA yugapat kathana), (5) syAdasti avaktavya, (6) syAnnAsti avaktavya, aura (7) syAdasti nAsti avktvy| antima tIna bhaGga Upara ke cAra bhaGgoM ke sammizraNa haiN| jaina darzana meM vAcyArtha ke satyAsatya kA bhI vistAra se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| sarvatra anekAntadRSTi yA syAdvAdadRSTi kA sahArA liyA gayA hai| pramANa-svarUpa (prathama bhAga) 'pramANa' zabda kA prayoga darzanazAstra tathA lokavyavahAra meM ubhayatra milatA hai| lokavyavahAra meM pramANa zabda kA prayoga vibhinna arthoM meM milatA hai, jaise lambAI-caur3AI kA mApa, parimANa, sImA, sAkSya, yathArtha- pratyaya, sammodana, nizcAyaka, vaha jisakA zabda vizvasanIya mAnA jAye, yathArtha jJAna prApta karane kA upAya aadi| parantu darzanazAstra meM isa zabda kA prayoga kisI khAsa artha meM kiyA jAtA hai, jaisA ki pramANa (pra +mA+ lyuTa) zabda kI vyutpatti se hI spaSTa hai'pramIyate'neneti pramANam' jisake dvArA jAnA jAya arthAt jo padArthoM ke jAnane kA sAdhana ho| yahA~ itanA vizeSa hai ki jJAna yathArtha ho tathA sAdhakatama sAdhana (=karaNa = sAdhakatama kAraNa = viziSTa kAraNa-jisake turanta bAda binA vyavadhAna ke phala prApti ho| ata: sAdhakatama kAraNa ko karaNa, yathArtha jJAna ko pramA aura pramA ke karaNa ko pramANa kahA jAtA hai| isa taraha pramANa meM nimnalikhita do bAteM honI cAhie : yathArtha jJAna kI janakatA aura viziSTa saadhntaa| 1. yathArtha jJAna kI janakatA : isase mithyAjJAna ke janaka meM pramANatA kA khaNDana ho jAtA hai| 2. viziSTa sAdhanatA : isase yathArtha jJAna ke janaka vibhinna sAmAnya kAraNoM meM pramANatA kA khaNDana tathA apane 286

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avyavahita uttaravartI kSaNa meM nizcayapUrvaka phalotpAdaka sAdhana meM pramANatA kI sthaapnaa| vibhinna darzanoM meM pramANa kA svarUpa : yadyapi pramANa ke uparyukta svarUpa meM kisI ko vivAda nahIM hai parantu pramA kA karaNa kise mAnA jAya isa viSaya ko lekara dArzanikoM meM matabheda hai jise do pakSoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| prathama pakSa ke anusAra jJAnabhinna indriyasannikarSAdi tathA dvitIya pakSa ke anusAra jJAna hI pramA kA janaka hai| sAmAnyata: jo jJAnabhinna indriyAdi (ajJAnarUpa acetana) meM pramANatA svIkAra karate haiM ve jJAna ko pramANa kA phala (pramA yA pramiti) mAnate haiN| aura jo jJAna meM hI pramANatA svIkAra karate haiM ve yA to ajJAnanivRtti evaM heya-upAdeyaupekSA buddhi Adi ko pramANa kA phala mAnate haiM athavA arthaprakAzarUpa jJAna ko hI usakA phala mAnate haiN| ise spaSTa karane ke pUrva vibhinna dArzanika paramparAoM ke pramANa-lakSaNa para vihaGgama dRSTi DAlanA Avazyaka hai| nyAya-vaizeSika (yoga): vaizeSika darzana ke pravartaka maharSi kaNAda ne 'nirdoSa jJAna' ko pramANa kA sAmAnya lakSaNa batalAyA hai| nyAya darzana ke pravartaka maharSi gautama ke nyAyasUtra meM yadyapi pramANa kA lakSaNa upalabdha nahIM hotA hai parantu usake bhASyakAra vAtsyAyana ne upalabdhisAdhana (pramAkaraNa) ko pramANa batalAyA hai| isI prakAra udyotakara aura jayantabhaTTa Adi ne bhI pramA ke karaNa ko pramANa kahA hai| ina lakSaNoM ke AdhAra para nyAya-vaizeSika darzana meM indriya, indriyArtha sannikarSa (sambandhavizeSa) aura jJAna ina tInoM meM pramANatA svIkAra kI gaI hai| isakA khulAsA isa prakAra hai-naiyAyika pramANa aura phala ke bIca meM eka vyApAra mAnate haiM aura usa vyApAra se pramANa aura phala ke madhya vyavadhAna nahIM mAnate haiN| jaise kuThAra (karaNa) se chedana kriyA (phala) karane para kuThAra aura lakar3I kA saMyogarUpa vyApAra Avazyaka hai usI prakAra indriyoM (pramANa) se ghaTa-paTAdi kA jJAna (pramA) hone para indriya aura ghaTAdi padArtha kA (saMyogAdi) sannikarSarUpa vyApAra bhI avazyambhAvI hai| jaise kuThAra aura lakar3I ke sambandha-binA chedana kriyA asambhava hai usI prakAra indriya aura padArtha ke sannikarSasambandhavizeSa ke binA pramiti (jJAna) bhI asambhava hai| yahA~ itanA vizeSa hai ki jaba indriyA~ pramANa hotI haiM to indriyArthasannikarSa vyApAra aura nirvikalpaka jJAna phala hotA hai| jaba indriyArthasannikarSa ko pramANa mAnA jAtA hai to nirvikalpaka jJAna (vizeSaNa-vizeSya kA sambandhAnavagAhI jJAna) vyApAra aura savikalpaka jJAna (sambandhAvagAhI jJAna) phala hotA hai; jaba nirvikalpaka jJAna ko pramANa mAnA jAtA hai to savikalpaka jJAna vyApAra aura heya-upAdeya-upekSAbuddhi phala hotI hai| yaha to huA pratyakSa sthala meM parantu anumiti Adi sthala meM jJAna karaNa (pramANa) hotA hai aura parAmarzAdi vyApAra / jaise-11 pramANa karaNa vyApAra 1. indriyA~ indriyArthasannikarSa nirvikalpakajJAna 2. indriyArthasannikarSa nirvikalpakajJAna savikalpakajJAna 3. nirvikalpakajJAna savikalpakajJAna heya-upAdeya-upekSA buddhi anumAnavyAptijJAna liGgaparAmarza anumiti (agnyAdijJAna) upamAnasAdRzyajJAna atidezavAkyArtha smaraNa upamiti (yaha gavaya hai aisA zakti jJAna) zabdapadajJAna padajanyapadArtha smaraNa zAbdI (zAbdabodha) koI-koI prAcIna naiyAyika kAraka-sAkalya(indriya, mana, padArtha, prakAza Adi samasta jJAna sAmagrI) ko pramANa mAnate haiN| parantu unake isa kathana kI 'pramA ke karaNa' ke sAtha saGgati nahIM hai| isa taraha nyAyavaizeSika darzana meM mukhya rUpa se jJAnabhinna indriyAdi ko pramANa svIkAra kiyA hai aura jJAna ko usakA phl| jahA~ jJAna ko pramANa mAnA hai vahA~ jJAnAntara ko phala mAnA gayA hai tathA pramANarUpa prathama jJAna kI pramANatA indriyoM ke dvArA hI svIkRta hai| arthAt naiyAyika va vaizeSika mukhyata: indriyoM ko yA indriyArtha-sannikarSa ko hI pramANa mAnate haiM aura jJAna ko prmpryaa| sAMkhyayoga : indriyavRtti sAMkhyayoga darzana meM indriya athavA indriyArthasannikarSa ko pramANa na mAnakara indriyavRtti (cakSu Adi indriyoM athavA citta kA viSaya ke AkArarUpa meM pariNamana karanA = indriyavyApAra) ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai| parantu indriya phala pratyakSa 287

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athavA buddhi kA padArtha ke AkAra kA honA anubhava viruddha hai tathA indriya ke acetana hone se indriyavRtti bhI acetana (ajJAnarUpa) hogii| isa taraha sAMkhya-yoga darzana meM bhI nyAya-vaizeSika kI hI taraha ajJAnarUpa indriyavRtti ko pramANa aura jJAna (pauruSeya bodha) ko phala svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| vedAnta : antaHkaraNavRtti vedAnta darzana meM na to indriya ko aura na indriyavRtti ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai apitu anta:karaNavRtti ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai| vedAnta darzana meM pratyakSa sthala meM jJAna kI prakriyA kramaza: isa prakAra hai-1. indriya aura artha kA sannikarSa, 2. indriya aura antaHkaraNa (mana) kA sannikarSa, 3 indriyoparUr3ha antaHkaraNa ke sAtha artha kA sannikarSa, 4. antaHkaraNa kA viSayAkAra pariNamana, 5. usa para caitanya kA pratibimba, pazcAt 6. padArthajJAna / isa taraha yahA~ pramAtR-caitanya (AtmA), pramANa-caitanya (anta:karaNavRtti ) aura prameya-caitanya (ghaTAdi padArtha) ye tInoM jaba ekAkAra hote haiM tabhI jJAna hotA hai| anumAnAdi sthala meM vyAptijJAnAdijanya antaHkaraNavRtti pramANarUpa hotI hai| vahA~ antaHkaraNa vahni Adi ke deza meM nahIM jAtA hai| kyoMki vahni Adi ke sAtha cakSu Adi indriyoM kA sannikarSa nahIM hotA hai| isa taraha vedAnta darzana meM antaHkaraNavRtti ko pramANa mAnane se vaha bhI ajJAna rUpa hI huA / mImAMsA : jJAtRvyApAra, jJAna tathA anubhUti mImAMsA darzana meM do mukhya sampradAya haiM-1. bhATTa (kumArilabhaTTa aura unake anuyAyI) tathA 2. prabhAkara (prabhAkara guru aura unake anuyaayii)| bhATTa mImAMsakoM ke anusAra ajJAta (anadhigata = apUrva) aura yathAvasthita artha kA nizcaya karAnevAlA jJAna pramANa hai|" eka anya lakSaNa meM kahA hai-'jo apUrva artha ko jAnane vAlA ho, nizcita ho, bAdhAoM se rahita ho, nirduSTa kAraNoM se utpanna ho aura lokasammata ho vaha pramANa hai| isa taraha isa mata meM jJAna ko pramANa mAnA gayA prabhAkara mata meM anubhUti' tathA jJAtRvyApAra donoM ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai| anubhUti to pramANa nahIM ho sakatI kyoMki vibhinna vyaktiyoM ko eka hI artha kI anubhUti apanI-apanI bhAvanA ke anusAra bhinna-bhinna prakAra kI hotI hai| ata: vaha pramA aura apramA ubhayarUpa sambhava hai| jJAtRvyApAra kA tAtparya hai-AtmA, mana, indriya aura padArtha-ina cAroM kA sambandha hone para jJAtA (AtmA) kA vyApAra (kriyA) hotA hai| yaha jJAtA kA vyApAra padArtha kA jJAna karAne meM sAdhakatama hone se pramANa hai| isa taraha isa mata meM anta:karaNavRtti se Upara uThakara AtmA kI vRtti (vyApAra) meM pramANatA svIkAra kI gaI hai| yaha jJAtA kA vyApAra ajJAnarUpa hI hai aura vaha jJAnarUpa phala ( pramA) ko paidA karatA hai| parantu jJAtRvyApAra meM pramANatA yuktisaGgata nahIM hai| bauddha : jJAna bauddha darzana meM svasaMvedI ajJAtArthajJApaka avisaMvAdI (yathArtha ) jJAna ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai| isa darzana kI mukhya vizeSatA yaha hai ki pramANa aura phala meM yadyapi abheda mAnA gayA hai phira bhI pramANarUpa jJAna ko viSayAkAra pariNata mAnA gayA hai| isa taraha bauddha darzana meM jJAna ko hI pramANa mAnA gayA hai, indriyAdi ko nhiiN| jaina : jJAna jaina darzana meM jJAna ko hI pramANa mAnA gayA hai| isa kA sarvaprathama spaSTa ullekha AcArya umAsvAti ne tattvArthasUtra meM kiyA hai| isake pazcAt AcArya samantabhadra ne sva aura para (artha) ke prakAzaka jJAna ko pramANa kahA hai| AcArya siddhasena ne bhI bAdhArahita sva-paraprakAzaka jJAna ko pramANa batalAyA hai| yaha bAdhArahita vizeSaNa se jJAta hotA hai ki jo bhI jJAna (bhramarUpa yA pramArUpa) hotA hai vaha svaparaprakAzaka hI hotA hai| ataH bhramasthala kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie bAdhA rahita vizeSaNa denA ucita hI hai| isake bAda akalaGkadeva ne sva-para ke prakAzaka vyavasAyAtmaka (nizcayAtmaka) athavA avisaMvAdI jJAna ko pramANa mAnA haiM akalaGkadeva ne siddhasena ke bAdhavivarjita ke sthAna para vyavasAyAtmaka aura avisaMvAdI padoM kA prayoga kiyA hai jo lakSaNa kA parimArjana hai, artha bheda nhiiN| kahIM-kahIM akalaGkadeva ke dvArA pramANalakSaNa meM 'anadhigatArthAdhigamalakSaNatvAt', 'anirNItanirNAyakatvAt' aura 'anizcitanizcayAt' padoM kA bhI prayoga kiyA gayA hai jisake AdhAra para kinhIM vidvAnoM ne yaha siddha karane kI ceSTA kI hai ki akalakadeva ajJAtArthajJApaka (jo pahale se jJAta nahIM hai usakA jJAna karAne vAlA) jJAna ko hI pramANa mAnate the, gRhItagrAhI (dhArAvAhika) jJAna ko nahIM" yaha kathana sarvathA bhrAmaka hai kyoMki eka to ina zabdoM ke prayoga kA kevala itanA tAtparya hai ki jo ajJAta, anirNIta aura 288

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anizcAyaka hai usako jJAta, nirNIta aura nizvAyaka karAne vAlA hai| akalaGka ne svayaM tattvArtha vArtika meM apUrvArthagrAhI lakSaNa kI anupapatti dikhalAte hue spaSTa zabdoM meM vistArapUrvaka dhArAvAhika jJAnoM meM smRti Adi kI taraha pramANatA svIkAra kI hai| isI prakAra AcArya vidyAnanda ne bhI 'samyagjJAna' ko pramANa kA lakSaNa batalAkara use svArtha-nizcAyaka mAnA hai, na ki anadhigata athavA apuurvaarthgraahii| parantu mANikyanandi aura taduttaravartI digambara AcAryoM ne pramANa ke lakSaNa meM apUrva pada kA niveza karake svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmaka jJAna ko pramANa mAnA hai| nyAyadIpikAkAra abhinava dharmabhUSaNayati ne| vidyAnandi ke 'samyagjJAnaM pramANam' isa lakSaNa ko svIkAra karake bhI AcArya mANikyanandi kI taraha jJAna ko svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmaka hI siddha kiyA hai jo kevala gaDalikApravAha mAtra pratIta hotA hai| zvetAmbara jainAcAryoM ne svArthavyavasAyAtmaka jJAna ko hI pramANa mAnA hai, apUrvArtha mAtra ko nhiiN| zvetAmbara AcArya hemacandra ne apanI pramANamImAMsA meM isakA sapariSkRta vivecana kiyA hai jisakA Age vicAra kreNge| jJAnabhinna meM pramANatA kA khaNDana : __isa taraha vibhinna darzanazAstriyoM ne pramA ke karaNa rUpa pramANa kA apane-apane siddhAntAnusAra pratipAdana kiyA hai| hama dekhate haiM ki eka darzana sampradAya ke loga karIba eka hI prakAra kA lakSaNa svIkAra karate haiM aura dUsare sampradAya vAle kucha dUsare prakAra kaa| isakA kAraNa hai tattat sampradAyoM meM mAnya kucha mUlabhUta siddhAntoM kA sNrkssnn| yadi ve anya prakAra se lakSaNa karate haiM to unake svIkRta mUla siddhAntoM se virodha hotA hai| jaise, naiyAyika sarvathA bhedavAdI hone se pramANa aura phala meM pUrNabheda sthApita karane ke lie jJAna ko pramANa na mAnakara indriyAdi ko pramANa svIkAra karatA hai aura yaha bahuta hI sthUla dRSTi hai, isIlie naiyAyika ko eka pramANa na mAnakara indriya, indriyArtha sannikarSa aura jJAna ina tInoM ko pramANa mAnanA par3atA hai| bauddha kSaNikavAdI hone se ajJAtArthajJApaka jJAna ko hI pramANa mAnate haiM tathA pramANa aura phala meM abheda mAnate haiM, anyathA kSaNika siddhAnta hone se sAmaJjasya hI nahIM bnegaa| isI prakAra sAMkhya-yoga, vedAnta, mImAMsA aura jaina darzana bhI apane-apane svIkRta mUlabhUta siddhAntoM se anubaddha haiN| jahA~ taka sthUla dRSTi kA prazna hai, nyAyavaizeSika kA siddhAnta ThIka hai, parantu hama jyoM-jyoM sUkSma dRSTi se vicAra karate haiM to kramaza: indriyavRtti, antaHkaraNavRtti, jJAtRvyApAra va jJAna kI pramANatA taka pahu~ca jAte haiM kyoMki jJAnAtirikta acetana indriyAdi ko pramANa mAnane para eka to unameM pramAkaraNatA (sAdhakatamatA) nahIM banatI hai aura dUsare acetana indriyAdi se jJAna nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki jJAna cetana kA dharma hai| jaba taka cetana kA sambandha nahIM hogA taba taka jJAna paidA nahIM ho sakatA anyathA mRta puruSa kI indriyoM ko bhI jJAna honA caahie| yadi isa doSa se bacane ke lie indriyoM meM zakti vizeSa yA yogyatA kI kalpanA kI jAya (jo ki jIvitAvasthA meM rahatI hai aura mRtAvasthA Adi meM nahIM rahatI hai) to vaha zakti indriya se bhinna hI hogI, abhinna nahIM, kyoMki zakti ko indriya se abhinna mAnane para koI phAyadA nahIM hogaa| indriya se bhinna zakti antatogatvA jJAnarUpa hI pdd'egii| tIsare indriya ko pramANa mAnane para sarvajJa kA abhAva hogaa| cauthe indriya ko pramANa mAnane para bhI jJAna ko pramANa mAnate hI haiM phira lAghava hetu se kevala jJAna ko kyoM nahIM mAna lete| indriyArtha sannikarSa ko yadi pramANa mAnA jAya taba bhI uparyukta sabhI doSa Ate haiM tathA sannikarSa ke dviSTha (indriya aura artha ina do meM) hone se pramANa ke phala ko bhI do meM rahane vAlA (dviSTha-indriya aura artha) mAnanA par3egA, jisase ghaTa-paTAdi acetana padArthoM meM bhI jJAna ke sadbhAva kA prasaGga upasthita hogA aura taba ghaTAdi ko bhI hamArI taraha jJAna hone lgegaa| yahA~ yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai ki jJAna kA sambandha (samavAya) kevala AtmA (tatsambandha se indriyA~ bhI) se hI hai, kyoMki isameM koI niyAmaka hetu nahIM hai| jaise acetana AtmA meM jJAna kA samavAya hai vaise hI ghaTAdi meM bhI kyoM na ho kyoMki Apake yahA~ AtmA se jJAna ko pRthak mAnA gayA hai| yadi AtmA ko jJAnasvarUpa mAna liyA jAtA hai to siddhAntahAni doSa hotA hai| isI prakAra indriyavRtti Adi meM bhI nAnA doSa haiM jinakA jaina darzana ke nyAyagranthoM meM khUba vicAra kiyA gayA hai / ata: vahIM se jAna lenA caahie| jJAna svasaMvedI hai: yahA~ itanA samajha lenA cAhie ki jo (jJAnabhinna, indriyAdi) svayaM ko nahIM jAna sakate haiM ve dUsare ghaTAdi padArthoM ko kaise jAna sakate haiN| jaise eka andhA dUsare andhe ko rAstA nahIM batalA sktaa| jaise svayaM prakAzI dIpaka anya ghaTAdi padArthoM ko prakAzita karane meM samartha hotA hai vaise hI svayaM prakAzI jJAna hI ghaTAdi padArthoM kA jJAna karane meM samartha ho sakatA hai| isase yaha bhI siddha ho jAtA hai ki jo jJAna ko pramANa mAnakara bhI use svasaMvedI nahIM mAnate haiM, unakA 289

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kathana ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki jJAna ko parasaMvedI mAnane para anavasthA yA anyonyAzraya Adi doSa hoNge| nizcayAtmaka jJAna meM pramANatA kA samarthana : yahA~ itanA aura samajha lenA cAhie ki nizcayAtmaka jJAna hI pramANa ho sakatA hai, anizcayAtmaka athavA nirvikalpAtmaka (jise jaina darzana meM jJAna kI pUrvAvasthA yA padArtha AlocanarUpa 'darzana', nyAyadarzana meM vizeSaNavizeSya ke sambandha se rahita 'jJAna' aura bauddhadarzana meM abhilApasaMsargayogya pratibhAsa pratIti se rahita 'jJAna' kahA hai ) nahIM, kyoMki eka to anizcayAtmaka jJAna se yathArtha pratIti nahIM ho sakatI hai, dUsare nirvikalpaka meM arthaprakAza ke sAmarthya kA abhAva bhI hai| pramANa kA phala: aba taka yaha siddha ho cukA hai ki svasaMvedI nizcayAtmaka jJAna hI pramANa ho sakatA hai aura usI meM sAdhakatamatA pAI jAtI hai| isase bhinna indriyAdi meM jo pramANatA lokavyavahAra meM tathA darzanazAstra meM pracalita hai, vaha aupacArika hai, vAstavika nhiiN| isa sandarbha meM eka zaMkA jo aksara indriyapramANavAdiyoM ke dvArA uThAI jAtI hai usakA samAdhAna Avazyaka hai| zaMkA: pramANa cUMki karaNa hai, ata: use phalavAlA honA hI cAhie anyathA usameM karaNatA hI nahIM bana sakatI hai| jJAna ko hI jaba pramANa mAna liyA jAyegA to usake phala (pramA) kA abhAva ho jAyegA kyoMki arthAvabodha hI to phala hai| samAdhAna: jJAna ko pramANa mAnane para bhI jaina darzana meM do prakAra kA phala batalAyA hai : 1. sAkSAt phala aura 2. vyavahita (paramparA) phl| sAkSAt phala bhI do ho sakate haiM : 1. artha prakAza athavA 2. ajJAnanivRtti / " vyavahita phala kaI prakAra kA ho sakatA hai : jaise-tyAga karane kI buddhi, grahaNa karane kI buddhi, rAga-dveSa se rahita upekSA buddhi, prIti tathA krama se paidA honevAle jJAnoM meM pUrva jJAna kI apekSA uttara jJAna / yahA~ artha prakAza' ko jo jJAna kA sAkSAt phala batalAyA gayA hai vaha yadyapi jJAnarUpa hone se pramANa se abhinna hI hai parantu vyavasthApya (phala), vyavasthApaka (pramANa) va prakAzya-prakAzaka kI apekSA donoM meM bheda bhI hai| pramANa aura phala kA yaha bhedAbheda jaina syAdvAda siddhAnta ke anukUla hI hai| 40 hAnopAdAnopekSA vRddhirUpa phala to naiyAyikoM ne bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| sandarbhasUcI 1. dekhie-saMskRta-hindI koza, vA. zi. ApTe, pR0 669. 2. pramAkaraNaM pramANam .......yathArthAnubhava: pramA,......sAdhakatamaM krnnm| (pA0 a0 1.4.42) atizayitaM sAdhakaM sAdhakatamaM prakRSTaM kAraNamityarthaH / - tarkabhASA pramANanirUpaNa, pR0 13-19; prakarSeNa saMzayAdivyavacchedena mIyate paricchidyate vastutattvaM yena tt| pramANaM pramAyAH saadhktmm| -pramANamImAMsA, 1.1.1, pR0 3 atizayena sAdhakamati sAdhakatamaM niyamena kAryotpAdakamityarthaH / / uddhRta -nyAyadIpikA, pR. 11, phuTanoTa naM. 7. 3. aduSTaM vidyaa| - vaizeSikasUtra, 9. 2. 12. 4. upalabdhisAdhanAni prmaannaani|-nyaaybhaassy, 1.1.3. 5. upalabdhihetuH pramANam |-nyaayvaartik, 1.1.3. 6. pramAkaraNaM prmaannmvgmyte|-nyaaymnyjrii, pR. 25. 7. udayana-yathArthAnubhavo maanmnpeksstyessyte|-nyaaykusumaanyjli, 4.1. vizvanAtha-buddhistu dvividhA mtaa| anubhUtiH smRtizca syAdanubhUtizcaturvidhA prtykssmpynumitistthopmitishbdje| -kArikAvalI, 51-52. kezavamizra-dekhie-phuTanoTa naM. 2. noTa-udayana ke pUrva anubhavaghaTita pramANalakSaNa udayana ke kAla se paravartI nyAyadarzana meM anubhavaghaTita pramANalakSaNa milatA hai| sambhava hai una para prabhAkara mImAMsaka kA prabhAva par3A ho| anubhavaghaTita pramANalakSaNa karane se 'smRti' ko pramANakoTi se bAhara kiyA gayA hai 290

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anubhava iti smRternirAsaH / jJAtaviSayaM jJAnaM smRtiH / anubhavo nAma smRtivyatirikta jnyaanm| tarka bhASA, pR. 14. 8. tasyAH karaNaM vividham / kadAcid indriyaM, kadAcid indriyArthasannikarSaH, kadAcid jnyaanm| vahI, pR0 46-49. 9. vyApAra use kahate haiM jo svayaM kAraNa se janya ho aura kAraNa se janya kA janaka bhI ho| jaise-kuThAra se janya kuThAra dAru-saMyoga (vyApAra) aura kuThAra se janya chedana kriyA kA bhI janaka (kuThAra dAru-saMyoga rUpa vyApAra) hai| -tjjnystjjnyjnko'vaantrvyaapaarH|| -vahI, pR050. 10. kyoMki nyAyadarzana meM kucha dArzanika karaNa ke lakSaNa meM vyApAra kA bhI sanniveza karate haiM-karaNa = vyApAravadasAdhAraNakAraNaM bhvti| - nyAyasiddhAntamuktAvalI, kiraNAvalITIkA, pR0 218. 11. mahattvaM SaDvidhe heturindriyaM karaNaM mtm| viSayendriyasambandhovyApAraH so'pi SaDvidhaH / / 58-59 / / vyApArastu parAmarzaH, karaNaM vyAptidhIrbhavet / anumAyAM........ 1166-67 / / sAdRzyadhIrgavAdInAM yA syAt sA karaNaM mtm|| 79 / / vAkyArthasyAtidezasya smRtivyApAra ucyate / gavayAdipadAnAM tu shktidhiirupmaaphlm|| 80 / / padajJAnaM tu karaNaM dvAraM tatra padArthadhIH / zAbdabodha: phalaM tatra zaktidhI: shkaarinnii||81 ||-vhii. 12. avyabhicAriNImasandigdhAmarthopalabdhiM vidadhatI bodhAbodhasvabhAvA sAmagrI prmaannm| nyAyamaJjarI, pR0 12. 13. asaMdigdhAviparItAnadhigataviSayA cittavRttiH bodhazca pauruSeyaH phalaM prmaa| tatsAdhanaM pramANamiti / etena sNshyvipryysmRtisaadhnessvprsnggH| sAMkhyatattvakaumudI (kArikA 4), pR0 72-75. vizeSa khaNDana ke lie dekhie-nyAyakumudacandra, pR0 35-39. prameyakamalamArtaNDa, pR0 7-3 14. rUpAdiSu paJcAnAmAlocanamAtramiSyate vRttiH|-saaNkhykaarikaa, 28. indriyapraNAlikayA arthasannikarSeNa liGgajJAnAdinA vA Adau buddheH arthAkArA vRttiH jaayte| sAMkhyapravacanabhASya, pR0 -47 indriyavRttiH prmaannm|-yogdrshn (vyAsabhASya), pR0 27. 15. dekhie-nyAyakumudacandra, pR0 40-41; prameyakamala0, pR0 19. 16. dekhie-vedAntaparibhASA, pratyakSa pariccheda, pR0 35-37. 17. anadhigatatathAbhUtArthanizcAyakaM pramANam / (zAstradIpikA, pR0 123) uddhRta-prameyeratnamAlA, prastAvanA, pR0 30.. 18. tatrApUrvArthavijJAnaM nizcitaM baadhvirjitm|| aduSTakAraNArabdhaM pramANa lokasammatam ||-vhii. 19. anubhUtizca na prmaannm| (bRhatI 1. 1.5)-vahI. 20. tena janmaiva viSaye buddhApAra iSyate / tadeva ca pramArUpaM tadvatI karaNaM ca dhIH / / ___vyApAro na yadA teSAM tadA notpadyate phalam / (mImAMsAzloka, pR0 152 )-vahI. 21. dekhie- prameyakamalamArtaNDa, pR0 20-25; nyAya ku0, pR0 42-45. 22. ajJAtArthajJApakaM prmaannm|-prmaannsmuccy, pR0 11. prmaannmvisNvaadijnyaanm|... pramANavA0, 2. 1. pramANaM smygjnyaanmpuurvgocrm| ... (bauddha) tarka0, pR.1. 23. svasaMvittiH phalaM cAtra tdruupaarthnishcyH|| viSayAkAra evAsya pramANaM tena miiyte| -pramANasamuccaya, 1.10, tattvasaGgraha, kArikA 1344. 24. matizrutAvadhimanaHparyayakevalAni jJAnam / ttprmaanne|-tttvaarthsuutr, 1.9-10. 25. svaparAvabhAsakaM yathA pramANaM bhuvi buddhilkssnnm| svayambhUstotra, kA.63. tattvajJAnaM pramANaM te yugptsrvbhaasnm|-aaptmiimaaNsaa, kA0 101. 26. pramANaM svaparAbhAsijJAnaM baadhvivrjitm|| -nyAyAvatAra, kA0 1. 27. vyavasAyAtmaka jJAnamAtmArtha grAhaka mtm|-lghiiystry, kA0 60. 28. prmaannmvisNvaadijnyaanmndhigtaarthaadhigmlkssnntvaat| aSTazatI, kA0 36, pR0 175. 291

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prakRtasyApi na vai pramANatvaM pratiSedhyamanirNItanirNayAtmakatvAt kssnnbhnggaanumaanvt|-vhii, kA0 101, pR0278, liGgaliGgisambandhajJAnaM pramANaM, anishcitnishcyaadnumaanvt| -vahI, pR0 280. 29. dekhie-nyAyadIpikA, prastAvanA, paM. darabArIlAla koThiyA, pR017-19; jaina tarkazAstra meM anumAna-vicAra, pR0 66-67, 69. 30. apUrvAdhigamalakSaNAnupapattizca sarvasya jJAnasya pramANatvopapatteH / / 12 // 'apUrvAdhigamalakSaNaM pramANam' ityetacca nopapadyate / kutaH ? sarvasya jJAnasya prmaanntvopptteH| pramIyate'neneti pramANam / sarveNa ca jJAnena pramIyate / yathA andhakAre'vasthitAnAM ghaTAdInAmutpattyanantaraM prakAzaka: pradIpa uttarakAlamapi na taM vyapadezaM jahAti tadavasthAnakAraNatvAt, evaM jJAnamapyutpattyanantaraM ghaTAdInAmavabhAsakaM bhUtvA pramANatvamanubhUyottarakAlamapi na taM vyapadezaM tyajati tadarthatvAt / atha matam -kSaNe kSaNe'nya evaM pradIpo'pUrvameva prakAzakatvamavalambata iti; evaM sati jJAnamapi tAdRgeveti kSaNe kSaNe'nyatvopapatterapUrvAdhigamalakSaNamaviziSTamiti; tatra yaduktam smRtIcchAdveSAdivat pUrvAdhigataviSayatvAt punaH punarabhidhAnaM jJAnaM na pramANam iti, tad vyaahnyte| tattvArtha-rAjavArtika, 1.12.12, pR0 56. 31. samyagjJAnaM pramANam .........svArthavyavasAyAtmakaM samyagjJAnaM smygjnyaantvaat| -pramANaparIkSA, pR0 51,53. | tatsvArthavyavasAyAtmakajJAnaM mAnamitIyatA lakSaNena gatArthatvAt vyrthmnydvishessnnm| gRhItamagRhItaM vA svArthaM yadi vyavasyati / tanna loke na zAstreSu vijahAti pramANam / / tattvArthazlokavArtika, 1.10.77, pR0 174. 'sakaladezakAlavyAptasAdhyasAdhanasambaddhohApohalakSaNo hi tarkaH pramANayitavyaH, tasya kathaJcidpUrvArthatvAt / na caitad gRhItagrahaNAdapramANamiti zaGkanIyaM, tasya kathaJcidapUrvArthatvAt / :::: laiGgikAderapyapramANatvaprasaGgAt / tasyApi srvthaivaapuurvaarthtvaasiddheH|-prmaann parIkSA, pR0 70. 32. 'svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmakaM jJAnaM prmaannm||-priikssaamukhsuutr, mANikyanaMdi, 1.1. samyagjJAnaM prmaannm| athApi dhArAvAhikabuddhiSvativyAptistAsAM samyagjJAnatvAt / na ca tAsAmArhatamate prAmANyAbhyupagama iti; ucyate kathaM tatra lakSaNamativyApnoti ? teSAM gRhiitgraahitvaat| -nyAyadIpikA, pR0 9, 13. 33. vahI. 34. pramANaM svArthanirNItisvabhAvaM jnyaanm| sanmati TIkA (abhayadeva), pR0 518, svaparavyavasAyijJAnaM prmaannm|-prmaannnytttvaalokaalngkaar, 1.2. 35. samyagarthanirNayaH prmaannm|-prmaannmiimaaNsaa, 1.1.2. 36. bauddha darzana meM jJAna ko artha se utpanna hone ke kAraNa 'sAkAra (arthAkAra), mImAMsA darzana meM arthApatti se jJAna kI pratIti hone ke kAraNa 'parokSa'; nyAya-vaizeSika darzana meM svAtmA meM kriyA kA virodha hone se 'jJAnAntaravedya'(parantu IzvarajJAna ko svasaMvedI mAnA jAtA hai) aura sAMkhya darzana meM prakRti kA pariNAma hone se acetana mAnA jAtA hai| parantu jaina darzana meM jJAna ko nirAkAra (jJAna aura artha meM tadutpatti sambandha na mAnakara yogyatArUpa sambandha mAnane se), svasaMvedI (svAtmA meM kriyA kA virodha na mAnane se) aura AtmA (cetana) kA dharma mAnA jAtA hai| -dekhie : jainanyAya (paM0 kailAzacandra), pR0 86-102. 37. phalamarthaprakAzaH / ajnyaannivRttirvaa| -pramANa mImAMsA, 11.34,38 tathA usakI svopajJavRti. 38. hAnAdibuddhayo vaa| - vahI, 1.1.40. upekSAphalamA''dyasya zeSasyA''dAnahAnadhIH / / pUrvA vA''jJAnanAzo vA sarvasyA'sya svgocre||-aaptmiimaaNsaa,kaa.102. nanu coktaM jJAne pramANe sati phalAbhAva iti, naiSa doSaH, adhigame prItidarzanAt / jJasvabhAvasyAtmanaH karmamalImasasya karaNAlambanAdarthanizcaye priitirupjaayte| sA phlmityucyte| upekSA ajJAnanAzo vA phlm|-srvaarth 01.10, pRSTha 57-58. ajJAnanivRttiH hAnopAdAnopakSAzca phlm|-priikssaa0 5.1. 39. avagrahAdInAM vA kramopajanadharmANAM pUrva pUrva pramANamuttaramuttaraM phlm|-prmaannmiimaaNsaa,1.1.36. artha-avagraha, IhA, avAya, dhAraNA, smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka (Uha) aura anumAna-ye jJAna krama se utpanna hote haiN| inameM pahale-pahale vAlA jJAna pramANa aura bAda vAlA jJAna usakA phala hai| jaise avagraha pramANa hai to IhA usakA phala, IhA pramANa hai to avAya usakA phl| isI taraha Age bhI samajhanA caahie| 40. pramANamI0 1.1.34-37 sUtra kI svopajJa vti|| parIkSAmukha evaM prameyaratnamAlA, samuddeza 5. 41. yadA sannikarSastadA pramitiH yadA jJAnaM tadA hAnopAdAnopekSA buddhayaH phlm| vAtsyAyana nyAyabhA0 1.1.3. pramANatAyAM sAmagryAstajjJAnaM phalamiSyate / tasya pramANabhAve tu phalaM hAnAdibuddhayaH / / nyAyama0, pR0 62. 292

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pramANa-svarUpa meM svApUrvArtha vicAra (dvitIya bhAga) dhArAvAhika yA gRhItagrAhI jJAna ke viSaya meM vibhinna darzanoM kA dRSTikoNa : uparyukta pramANa ke vibhinna lakSaNoM se jJAta hotA hai ki kinhIM-kinhIM dArzanikoM ne pramANa ke lakSaNa meM apUrva yA anadhigata zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| apUrva aura anadhigata zabdoM kA artha hai-jisakA aba se pahale jJAna na huA ho| isase ve jJAna hI pramANa koTi meM Ate haiM jo pahale se jJAta nahIM rahate haiN| aba prazna upasthita hotA hai ki dhArAvAhika athavA gRhItagrAhI jJAna meM pramANatA mAnI jAya athavA nhiiN| yaha ghaTa hai, 'yaha ghaTa hai' isa prakAra lagAtAra dvitIyAdi kSaNa meM jo eka hI ghaTa kA jJAna hotA rahatA hai use dhArAvAhika jJAna kahate haiN| prathama kSaNa meM jAne hue padArtha ko hI dvitIyAdi kSaNa meM punaH jAnanA gRhItagrAhI jJAna hai| isa viSaya para prAyaH sabhI dArzanikoM ne vicAra kiyA hai| prAyaH adhikAMza dArzanika isa prakAra ke jJAna meM prAmANya hI svIkAra karate haiM parantu unake pratipAdana kI paddhati bhinna-bhinna hai| isameM prAmANya siddha karane kA prayatna vizeSa rUpa se unheM karanA par3atA hai jo anadhigata athavA apUrva padoM kA pramANa ke lakSaNa meM sanniveza karate haiN| vibhinna darzanoM kI isa viSaya meM vicAra-saraNi isa prakAra hai : nyAya-vaizeSika-nyAya-vaizeSika granthoM meM dhArAvAhika jJAna ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai| unakA vicAra hai ki jJAna kA kAma artha-pradarzana mAtra hai aura vaha artha-pradarzana prathama jJAna kI taraha dvitIyAdi jJAnoM meM bhI hai phira kyoM prathama jJAna ko to pramANa mAnA jAya aura dvitIyAdi ko na mAnA jaay| ye dvitIyAdi jJAna meM sUkSma kAla-bheda (kSaNaviziSTa ghaTa kA grahaNa) nahIM mAnate haiN| kyoMki cakSu Adi indriyoM se usa sUkSma kAlabheda kA grahaNa sambhava nahIM hai| naiyAyika loga jJAtaviSayA smRti ko jo pramANa nahIM mAnate haiM usakA kAraNa usakI gRhItagrAhitA nahIM hai apitu padArtha se utpanna na honA (kyoMki smRtisthala meM padArtha maujUda nahIM rahatA hai, kevala saMskAra rahatA hai) hI hai| isa taraha naiyAyika dhArAvAhika gRhItagrAhI samasta jJAna ko sUkSma kAlabheda mAne vinA hI pramANa mAnate haiN| sAMkhya-yoga- yadyapi sAMkhya-darzana meM dhArAvAhika jJAna kI pramANatA athavA apramANatA kA vicAra nahIM milatA hai parantu anadhigata artha ko viSaya karane vAlI cittavRtti (buddhivyApAra) ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai| isase yahAM bhI gRhItagrAhI jJAna pramANa hI ThaharatA hai kyoMki samAdhisthala meM citta-vRtti ke ekAkAra rUpa pariNata hone para bhI use pramANa mAnA gayA hai| vedAnta- vedAnta darzana meM bhI dhArAvAhika sthala meM bhI jJAna (antaHkaraNa kI vRtti) kA bheda nahIM mAnA jAtA hai apitu jaba taka ghaTAdi eka hI viSaya kA lagAtAra anubhava hotA rahatA hai taba taka ghaTAdi viSayAkAra meM pariNata huI antaHkaraNa kI vRtti eka hI rahatI hai| ekAkAra jJAna meM anekAkAra anta:karaNavRtti nahIM hotii| ataH vedAnta darzana meM anadhigata aura abAdhitaviSaya jJAnatva hone para bhI dhArAvAhika buddhi ke prAmANya meM koI doSa nahIM hai| mImAMsaka- yadyapi mImAMsakoM ke donoM sampradAya dhArAvAhika jJAna meM prAmANya svIkAra karate haiM parantu unakI vicAra paddhati bhinna-bhinna hai| jaise prabhAkara matAnuyAyI sUkSma kAla bheda ko svIkAra na karake bhI anubhUti mAtra hone se (pUrvottara vijJAnoM meM utpattikRta aura pratItikRta koI vizeSatA na hone se) use pramANa mAnate haiN| parantu kumArila bhaTTa ke matAnuyAyI sUkSma kAlabheda kA grahaNa svIkAra karake use pramANa mAnate haiN| kyoMki inake pramANalakSaNa meM 'apUrva' pada kA niveza kiyA gayA hai| inake mata se cakSu Adi indriyoM se bhI kAlabheda grahaNa ho jAtA hai| bauddha - bauddhoM ne 'ajJAtArthajJApaka' ko pramANa mAnA hai, ata: inake yahAM gRhItagrAhI jJAna pramANa nahIM hai| paraMtu arcaTa ne hetubindu kI TIkA meM yogiyoM ke dhArAvAhika jJAna ko sUkSma kAlabheda grahaNa karane ke kAraNa pramANa mAnA hai aura sAmAnya logoM dvArA sUkSma kAlabheda grahaNa na hone se unake jJAna ko apramANa mAnA hai| jaina- jainoM ke zvetAmbara sampradAya meM pramANa ke lakSaNa meM apUrva, anadhigata jaise zabdoM kA prayoga na hone se sarvatra dhArAvAhika jJAna meM pramANatA iSTa hai parantu digambara sampradAya meM kucha dArzanikoM dvArA apUrva pada kA sanniveza kiye jAne se dhArAvAhika buddhi sthala meM dvividhA paidA ho gaI hai ki dhArAvAhika gRhItagrAhI jJAna ko pramANa mAnA jAe athavA nhiiN| yadi pramANa mAnate haiM to apUrva vizeSaNa nirarthaka ho jAtA hai aura yadi pramANa nahIM mAnate haiM to smRti Adi jJAnoM meM jo 293

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gRhItagrAhI haiM, kaise pramANatA ho sakegI ? isa dvividhA se chuTakArA pAne ke lie kucha vidvAn kathaJcid apUrvArthatA kA samAdhAna prastuta karate haiM aura AcArya akalaGka, vidyAnandi, mANikyanandi Adi ke siddhAntalakSaNoM kA pramANa prastuta karate haiN| parantu yaha samAdhAna mujhe ucita pratIta nahIM hotaa| jaisA ki maiM isa viSaya meM pahale bhI likha cukA hU~ ki akalaGkadeva apUrvArthaka ke samarthaka nahIM the| unhoMne svayaM apUrvArthatA kA khaNDana bhI kiyA hai| AcArya mANikyanandi jo ki apane lakSaNa meM apUrva pada kA niveza karate haiN| unake sammukha bhI yaha samasyA AI aura unhoMne apUrvArtha kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue kahA hai ki eka to vaha apUrvArtha hai jisakA pahale kisI pramANa se nizcaya nahIM kiyA gyaa| yahAM itanA vizeSa hai ki yadi kisI padArtha ke bAre meM dUsare jJAna se kucha vizeSatA lie hue pratIti hotI hai to vaha bhI apUrvArtha hI hai kyoMki usameM sUkSma viSaya athavA kAla bheda hai jo pahale jJAna se jJAta nahIM thaa| yadi aisA na mAnA jAtA to avagraha, IhA, avAya Adi jJAna ke prakAroM meM jo ki eka hI viSaya kA grahaNa karate hai, pramANatA nahIM siddha hotI dUsare vaha bhI jJAna apUrvArtha hai jo pahale se jJAta to hai parantu usameM sandeha Adi (samAropa) utpanna ho jAne se dhUmilatA A gaI hai| aisA mAnane se smRti Adi meM pramANatA bana jAtI hai| isase spaSTa hai ki mANikyanandi ko kucha na kucha vizeSatA lie hue apUrvArtha viSayaka jJAna meM hI pramANatA abhISTa hai| parantu jisa dhArAvAhika jJAna meM sUkSma kAlabheda (paryAyabheda) pratIti meM nahIM A rahA ho vaha piSTapeSaNa mAtra hone se pramANa nahIM hai| isa taraha kucha gRhItagrAhI jJAnoM meM (jinameM sUkSma viSaya yA kAlabheda hai) to pramANatA hai aura kucha (jinameM sUkSma viSayAdi kA bheda nahIM hai) meM nahIM hai| gRhItagrAhI jJAna ke prAmANya kA samarthana- vastutaH yadi jaina syAdvAda siddhAnta se vicAra kiyA jAe to pramANa ke lakSaNa meM 'apUrva' pada dene kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai kyoMki jJAna cAhe gRhItagrAhI ho athavA agRhItagrAhI yadi vaha samyak hai to pramANa hai, yadi asamyak hai to apramANa hai| kyA dvitIyAdi kSaNa meM hone vAlA dhArAvAhika jJAna apramANa mAnA jAtA hai ? sarvajJa ko yugapat eka kAla meM jaba samasta dravya va unakI trikAlavartI samasta paryAyoM kA jJAna ho jAtA hai to kyA dvitIyAdi kSaNa kA jJAna aprAmANika ho jAtA hai ? uttara hogA nahIM ? taba phira kyA kAraNa hai ki gRhItagrAhI jJAna ko smRti, IhA Adi jJAnoM kI taraha pramANa na mAnA jaae| vastutaH jaina darzana meM gRhItagrAhitA aura grahISyamANagrAhitA (agRhItagrAhitA jisakA bhaviSya meM grahaNa kiyA jAya) meM sarvathA bheda na to dravya kI apekSA sambhava hai aura na paryAya kI apekSA / dravya dRSTi se samasta padArtha jaina darzana meM nitya aura ekarUpa (sat) mAne gae haiM jisase gRhIta aura grahISyamANa avasthAkRta bheda hI nahIM banatA hai| paryAya kI apekSA samasta dravya hara kSaNa nUtana-nUtana avasthA ko dhAraNa karane ke kAraNa gRhItagrAhI kathamapi sambhava nahIM hai| phira kyoM pramANa ke lakSaNa meM 'apUrva' pada rakhA jaae| koI zaMkA kare ki hameM paryAyakRta bheda parilakSita nahIM hotA ataH 'apUrva' pada denA ucita hai, parantu yaha zaMkA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki yahAM eka to siddhAnta kA vicAra hai, hameM jJAna hotA hai athavA nahIM isase tAtparya nahIM, anyathA darzana, avagraha, IhA Adi meM jahA~ sAmAnyata, bheda parilakSita nahIM hotA hai vahAM tathA anya jahAM lokavyavahAra se siddhAntalakSaNoM kA virodha hotA hai, vahAM sarvatra avyavasthA ho jaaygii| dUsare sarvajJa ke viSaya meM kyA kareMge, tIsare gRhItagrAhI meM apramANatA kA vyavahAra bhI nahIM hotA hai| isa prakAra aneka kAraNoM se dhArAvAhika jJAna ko bhI pramANa mAnanA caahie| isa taraha siddha hotA hai ki jJAna cAhe 'apUrva' artha ko viSaya kare cAhe jJAta viSaya ko, sabhI samAna rUpa se pramANa haiN| hemacandra ne ThIka hI kahA hai : grahISyamANa grAhiNa iva gRhItagrAhiNo'pi naapraamaannym| -pramANamImAMsA, 1.1.4. artha - grahISyamANagrAhI (apUrvArthagrAhI ) kI taraha gRhItagrAhI jJAna bhI apramANa nahIM hai| mAlUma par3atA hai pramANa kA sAkSAt phala 'ajJAnanivRtti' mAnane se hI gRhItagrAhI ko pramANa nahIM mAnA jAtA hai kyoMki gRhItagrAhI jJAna nUtana ajJAnanivRtti ko nahIM karatA hai| yadi kahA jAye ki usa jJAna se kyA prayojana jo ajJAnanivRtti Adi navInatA ko na deve ? isa viSaya meM merA kahanA hai ki eka to kisI viSaya ko bArambAra jAnane se usameM sthAyitva paidA hotA hai jo ki prathama jJAna se nahIM huA thA, dUsare jJAna kA phala upekSA ko bhI mAnA gayA hai jo ki sarvajJa (tathA sAdhAraNa logoM) ke lie pramukha phala hai| vastutaH pramANa kA sAkSAt phala 'arthaprakAza' hI hai jo ki pramANa se bhinna bhI hai aura abhinna bhI hai| yaha arthaprakAza gRhItagrAhI jJAna meM bhI hamezA pAyA jAtA hai vaha bhI pramANa hai| hemacandra ne isIlie pramANa kA sAkSAt phala 'arthaprakAza' batalAyA hai tathA 'ajJAnanivRtti ko bAda meM 'vA' pada ke ullekha ke sAtha dikhalAyA gayA hai| yaha ajJAnanivRtti rUpa phala vahIM hogA jahAM ajJAta maujUda hogA aura jahAM ajJAnanivRtti pahale se huI rahegI vahAM kevala arthaprakAza mAtra se pramANatA rhegii| arthaprakAza aura ajJAnanivRti ke eka sAtha hone se (koI kAlabheda 294

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na hone se) donoM ko sAkSAt phala aura tyAgAdi rUpa buddhi ke bAda meM utpanna hone se paramparayA (vyavahita) phala mAnane meM koI bAdhA nahIM hai| pramANa ke lakSaNa meM 'sva' pada kI sthiti kA vicAra- pramANa ke lakSaNa ke sandarbha meM svapada dene kI bhI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, jaisA ki hemacandra ne kahA hai|" vastu meM jitane dharma pAye jAte haiM una sabhI ko lakSaNa meM nahIM kahA jAtA (aura na aisA karanA sambhava hI hai kyoMki pratyeka vastu meM ananta dharma rahate haiM) apitu jo dharma vipakSa (alakSya) se vyAvartana kare use hI kahanA caahie| svanirNaya jaise pramANa meM hai vaise hI apramANa saMzayAdi meM bhI hai, ataH vaha vipakSa se vyAvartaka dharma nahIM huaa| sUtra athavA lakSaNa laghu hI honA caahie| hAM, pratipakSI jo ki jJAna ko svasaMvedI nahIM mAnate unake khaNDana ke lie 'sva' pada kA niveza kiyA jA sakatA hai| athavA tadartha alaga se jJAna zabda kA nirvacana kiyA jA sakatA hai| 'artha' pada kI sthiti kA vicAra- yadi hemacandra ke 'samyagarthanirNayaH pramANam' isa pramANa lakSaNa ko aura choTA karake 'samyagjJAnaM pramANam' itanA kiyA jAe to kAma cala sakatA hai| pramANa lakSaNa meM jisa prakAra unhoMne 'sva' pada ko denA nirarthaka mAnA hai usI prakAra 'artha' pada bhI nirarthaka hai kyoMki jJAna se artha kA hI nirNaya nahIM hotA apitu jJAna kA bhI nirNaya hotA hai| dusare 'artha' pada kA AkSepa kara liyA jA sakatA hai kyoMki sUtra sopaskAra hote haiN| yahAM 'samyagjJAnaM pramANam' isa pramANa lakSaNa meM eka zaMkA aura raha gaI haiM ki aisA lakSaNa karane para samyagjJAna rUpa pramA (pramiti) meM ativyApti ho jaayegii| isakA samAdhAna nyAyadIpikA meM diyA huA hai ki yahAM jJAna pada (jJAyate'neneti jJAnam) karaNa sAdhana ke artha meM prayukta hai, na ki bhAvasAdhana (jJAptimAtraM jJAnam) ke artha meM kyoMki pramA ke kAraNa ko hI pramANa kahA gayA hai ata: usake sAtha ekArthapratipAdakatvarUpa zabda sAmAnAdhikaraNya tabhI bana sakatA hai jaba jJAna ko karaNasAdhana mAnA jaae| ataH koI doSa nahIM hai| kartA, karaNa aura bhAva meM pramANatA- isa sandarbha meM eka bAta aura spaSTa kara denA cAhatA hU~ ki jaina darzana meM pramANa zabda kI nirukti katRsAdhana (pramiNotIti pramANam), karaNasAdhana (pramIyate'neneti pramANam) aura bhAvasAdhana (pramiti mAtra pramANam) tIna prakAra se kI gaI hai| isase pramANatA AtmA meM aura pramA meM bhI calI jAtI hai| phira kyoM nyAyadIpikAkAra ne kevala karaNasAdhana paraka hI pramANa zabda ko lekara sAmAnAdhikaraNya rUpa samAdhAna prastuta kiyA hai| samAdhAna yaha hai ki bhAvasAdhana aura kartR sAdhana meM jo pramANatA mAnI jAtI hai vaha dUsarI apekSA se hai| yahA~ jo vicAra hai vaha karaNasAdhana kI apekSA se hai| ata: koI doSa nahIM hai| jaba kartRsAdhanaparaka nirukti se kartA (AtmA) meM pramANatA mAnI jAtI hai taba AtmA ke jJAnasvarUpa hone se AtmA aura jJAna meM abheda mAnA jAtA hai| jaba karaNasAdhanaparaka nirukti se karaNa (jJAna) meM pramANatA mAnI jAtI hai taba AtmA se jJAna guNa ko bhinna mAnA jAtA hai aura jaba bhAvasAdhana se bhAva (jJapti) meM pramANatA mAnI jAtI hai taba jJAna mAtra meM pramANatA hotI hai aura pramA hI pramANa ho jAtI hai| aisA hone para bhI phala kA abhAva nahIM hotA hai kyoMki usake bAda prIti Adi dekhI jAtI hai| upasaMhAra- isa taraha siddha huA hai ki pramA kA karaNa samyagjJAna hI ho sakatA hai, indriyAdi nhiiN| maiM cakSu se dekhatA hU~' 'dhUma se anumAna karatA hU~, 'zabda se jAnatA hU~ ityAdi indriyaparaka jo vyavahAra hotA hai vaha upacAra se hotA hai| kyoMki arthAvabodha meM indriyA~ bhI sahakArI kAraNa hotI haiM, sAdhakatama nahIM dekhA bhI jAtA hai ki indriya kA padArtha ke sAtha sannikarSa hone para bhI kabhI-kabhI jJAna nahIM hotA hai (jaise cakSu meM sthita kAjala kA, ghaTa ke sAtha AkAza kA Adi, aura kabhI-kabhI sannikarSa na hone para bhI (cakSu se bAhara sthita padArtha Adi kA) jJAna ho jAtA hai| ata: vAstavika pramANatA to, samyagjJAna meM hI hai aura vaha jJAna svasaMvedI va nizcayAtmaka (vyavasAyAtmaka) hai| jJAna meM apUrva vizeSaNa Avazyaka nahIM hai kyoMki dravya dRSTi se sabhI jJAna gRhItagrAhI haiM aura paryAyadRSTi se sabhI agRhiitgraahii| jina vidvAnoM ne jJAna ke sAtha apUrva vizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA hai vaha yA to paryAya dRSTi se hai athavA parIkSArtha prayoga kiyA hai| sandarbha sUcI 1. anadhigatArthagantRtvaM ca dhArAvAhikavijJAnAnAmadhigatArthagocarANAM lokasiddhapramANabhAvAnAM prAmANyaM vihantIti-nAdriyAmahe / na ca kAla bhedenAdhigatagocaratvaM dhArAvAhIkAnAmiti yuktam / paramasUkSmANAM kAlakalAdibhedAnAM pizita-locanairasmo'zairanAkalanAt / tasmAdarthapradarzanamAtravyApArameva jJAnapravartakaM prApakaM ca / pradarzanaM ca pUrvavaduttareSAmapi vijJAnAnAmabhinnamiti kathaM pUrvameva pramANe nottraannypi| -nyAyavArtika tAtparya TIkA, vAcaspati mizra, pR0 21, draSTavya-nyAyamaJjarI, pR0 22, kandalI, pR0 61. 295

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2 na smRterapramANatvaM gRhiitgraahitaakRtm| 3. apitvanarthajanyatvaM tdpraamaannykrnnm| nyAyamaJjarI, pR0 23., pramANamImAMsA, pR0 12. pariNAmaH / tataH punaH zAntIditau tulyapratyayo cittasyaikAgratA-yogadarzana 3.12. 4. kiJca siddhAnte dhArAvAhika buddhisthale na jJAnabhedaH, kintu yAvaddhaTasphuraNaM tAvat ghaTAkArAntaHkaraNavRttirekaiva, na tu nAnA, vRtteH svavirodhivRtyutpattiparyantaM sthAyitvAbhyupagamAt / tathA ca tatpratiphalitacaitanyarUpa-ghaTAdijJAnamapi tatra tAvatkAlInamekameveti naavyaaptishNkaa'pi| -vedAntaparibhASA,pratyakSapariccheda, pR0 13. 5. pramAkaraNaM prmaannm| tatra smRtivyAvRttaM pramAtvaM, andhigtaavaadhitvissyjnyaantvm| smRtisaadhaarnntvbaadhitvissyjnyaantvm| - vahI, pR0 8. 6. tatrAha anyonyanirapekSA dhArAvAhikabuddhayaH / vyApriyamANa hi pUrvavijJAna-kAraNakalApa-uttareSAmapyutpattiriti na pratItita utpattito vA dhArAvAhika vijJAnAni parasparasyAtizerata iti yuktA sarveSAmapi prmaanntaa|-prkrnnpnyjikaa (zAlikanAtha), pR0 42-43, 7. nanvevaM dhArAvAhikeSu... .....................tasmAdasti kAlabhedasya parAmarzaH tadAdhikyAcca siddhamuttareSAM praamaannym|-shaastrdiipikaa ( pArthasArathi mizra), pR0 124-126. 8. vahI. 9. anadhigataviSayaM pramANam / puruSaH prApitazcArthaH / tatraivArthe kimanyena jJAnena pravartitaH puruSaH prApitazcArthaH / tatraivArthe kimanyena jJAnena adhika kaarym| tto'dhigtvissyaaprmaannm| -nyAyabindu (TIkA), pR0 3. 10. hetubindu TIkA (arctt)| uddhRta-tarkabhASA, ( vizvezvara TIkA ), pR0 43, 11. jaina tarkazAstra meM anumAna-vicAra, pR0 66-69. 12. tattvArtharAjavArtika, 1,12,12, pR0 56. 13. anizcito'pUrvArthaH / dRSTo'pi smaaropaattaadRk| - parIkSAmukha, 1.4-5; tathA prameyaratnamAlA, 14. pramANamImAMsA ( svopajJavRtti ), 1. 1. 4. I 15. pramANamImAMsA, 1.1. 40. 16. AptamImAMsA, kA0 102; pramANamI0 1. 1, 34-38; pramANamImAMsA, 1. 1. 2 svopajJavRtti, pR0.6, 17. svanirNayaH sannapyalakSaNam, apramANe'pi bhAvAt / pramANamImAMsA, 1.1.3. / nanu ................ayamarthaH -nahi asti ityeva sarva lakSaNatvena vAcyaM kintu yo dharmo vipakSAd vyAvarttate / . ...................vRddhaistu parIkSArthamupakSipta itydossH| vahI, pR0 7-10. 18. sopaskAratvAt sUtrANAm / sarvArthasiddhi , 1.3, pR0 5. 19. nanu...................., bhavedevam, yadi bhaavsaadhnmihjnyaanpdm| karaNasAdhanaM khalvetajjJAyate'neneti jnyaanmiti| ................bhAvasAdhanaM tu jJAnapadaM prmitimaah|.... ........anyathA samyagjJAnapadena saamaanaadhikrnnyaaghttnaat| tena pramitikriyAM prati yatkaraNaM tatpramANamiti siddham / nyAyadIpikA, pR0 10-11. 20. ayaM pramANazabda: bhAve kartari karaNe ca vartate / tatra bhAve tAvat prameyArtha prati nivRttavyApArasya tattvakathanAt pramA pramANamiti / kartariprameyArtha prati pramAtRtvazaktipariNatasyAzritattvAt pramiNoti prameyamiti prmaannm| karaNe pramAtRpramANayoH pramANa-prameyayozca syAdanyatvAt / pramiNotyaneneti prmaannm| -tattvArthavAtika, 1,10, pR. 49. 21. syAdetat- bhAvasAdhane pramANe pramaiva pramANamiti na phalamanyadupalabhyate iti phalAbhAva iti, tanna, kiM kAraNam ? arthAvabodhe prItidarzanAt / jJasvabhAvasyAtmanaH karmamalImasasya karaNAlambanAdarthanizcaye prItirupajAyate, sA phalamityucyate / - vahI, pR0 50.. syAnmatam-'pramiNotyAtmAnaM paraM vA pramANam' iti kartRsAdhanatvamayuktam; yasmAdanyatpramANe jJAnam, sa ca guNaH, anyazca pramAtA AtmA sa ca guNI, guNiguNayozcA'nyatvaM dravyarUpavat.............tata:karaNasAdhanatvameva yuktamiti, tanna, kiM kAraNam ? ajnytvprsnggaat| yadi jJAnAdanya AtmA, tasyA'jJatvaM prApnoti, ghaTavat jJAnayogAditi cet, na; ataH svabhAvatve jJAtRtvAbhAvaH andhprdiipsNyogvt| -vahI, pR0 9. 22. cakSuSA pramIyate ityAdivyavahAre punarupacAraH zaraNam, upacArapravRttau ca sahakAritvaM nibndhnm| nahi sahakAri tatsAdhakamidamiti karaNaM naam| -nyAyadIpikA, pR0 13. 23. dekhie-cakSu kI aprApyakAritA, jainanyAya, paM. kailAzacandra, pR0 56-57; tattvArthavAtika, 1.19, pR0 67-68. 296

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'paryAyeM kramabaddha bhI hotI haiM aura akramabaddha bhI': eka samIkSA sarasvatI varadaputra paNDitapravara baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya dvArA racita etadviSayaka prastuta laghukAya grantha viSaya kI dRSTi se bahuta gambhIra hai| ApakI anya racanAyeM bhI gambhIra viSayoM kA hI pratipAdana karatI haiN| 'bhAgya aura puruSArtha' prastuta grantha kA pUraka grantha hai kyoMki paryAyoM ko yadi kramabaddha hI mAnA jAyegA to bhAgyavAdIkI vijaya hogI aura yadi akramabaddha hI mAnA jAegA to puruSArthavAdI kI vijaya hogii| yadi kramabaddha aura akramabaddha donoM hI mAnA jAyegA to bhAgya-puruSArtha donoM kA samanvaya hogaa| dravyasvarUpa aura paryAyoM kI dvividhatA jainadarzana ke anusAra dravya kA svarUpa hai 'sat' aura 'sat' use kahate haiM jo utpatti aura vinAzarUpa paryAyoM ke hote rahane para bhI dhruva (nitya) banA rhe| isI artha kA poSaka dravya kA dUsarA lakSaNa bhI hai jisameM guNa aura paryAyeM hoM vaha dravya hai| ina donoM lakSaNoM meM bheda nahIM hai apitu donoM paraspara pUraka haiN| isakA spaSTIkaraNa nimna prakAra hai pratyeka dravyameM svAbhAvika rUpa se svataH siddha ananta guNa rahate haiM tathA pratyeka dravya meM dravyaparyAya aura guNaparyAyeM rahatI haiN| isa taraha paryAyeM do taraha kI hotI hai-(1) dravya paryAyeM aura (2) guNa paryAyeM / cU~ki guNa dravya ke svata: siddha svabhAva haiN| ata: guNa bhI 'sat' kahalAte haiN| pratyeka dravya aura pratyeka guNa meM hamezA utpAda vyaya kI prakriyA cAlU rahatI hai| dravya aura guNakI sva-sva uttaraparyAya kI utpatti kA nAma hai 'utpAd' aura unakI sva-sva pUrvaparyAya ke vinAza kA nAma hai 'vyy'| paryAyoM ke badalane para bhI dravya apanI dravyarUpatA ko aura guNa apanI guNarUpatA ko kabhI nahIM chor3ate haiN| ataH ve nitya haiM, sat haiN| grantha kA uddezya sabhI dravyaparyAyeM sva-para pratyaya hotI haiM tathA SaTguNahAni-vRddhirUpa guNaparyAyoM ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI guNaparyAyeM bhI sva-para pratyaya hotI haiN| SaTguNahAnivRddhirUpa guNaparyAya svapratyaya hI hotI haiN| jo paryAya nimittakAraNabhUta bAhyasAmagrI kI sahAyatA ke binA hI mAtra upAdAnakAraNajanya ho vaha svapratyayaparyAya hai| jo paryAya nimittakAraNabhUta bAhyasAmagrI kI sahAyatApUrvaka upAdAnakAraNajanya ho vaha sva-para pratyaya paryAya hai| svapratyaya paryAyeM kramabaddha hotI haiM aura sva-para pratyaya paryAyeM kramabaddha aura akramabaddha donoM rUpa hotI haiN| yahI siddha karanA isa pustaka ke likhane kA uddezya hai| kramabaddhatA kA artha hai paryAyoM kA niyatakrama se utpanna honA aura akramabaddhatA kA artha hai paryAyoM ko aniyatakrama se utpanna honaa| yahA~ itanA vizeSa hai ki ekajAtIya do Adi aneka paryAyeM kadApi yugapat eka hI samaya meM utpanna nahIM hotIM apitu eka jAtIya paryAyeM eka ke pazcAt ekarUpa krama se hI utpanna hotI haiN| isameM kisI ko bhI vivAda nahIM hai| vivAda kA sthala hai sva-para pratyaya paryAyoM ko bAhyanimittakAraNa sApekSatA ke AdhAra para akramabaddha mAnA jAe yA nhiiN| sva-parapratyaya paryAyoM kI utpatti ke sandarbha meM mukhya do mata haiM(1) purAtana siddhAntavAdI-jJapti kI apekSA sva-para pratyaya paryAyeM kramabaddha hone para bhI utpatti ko apekSA kramabaddha aura akramabaddha donoM hotI haiN| (2) sonagaDha siddhAntavAdI-utpatti aura jJapti donoM apekSAoM se sva-para pratyaya paryAyeM kramabaddha hI hotI haiM, akramabaddha nhiiN| sonagar3ha siddhAntavAdiyoMkA pUrvapakSa sonagar3ha siddhAntavAdiyoM ke pAsa apanI mAnyatA ko bala denevAle mukhyarUpa se do tarka haiM(1) AtmakhyAti TIkA kA kramaniyamita zabda-samayasAra ke sarvavizuddhajJAnAdhikAra kI 308-11 taka kI gAthAoM kI AtmakhyAti TIkAmeM AyA hai-'jIvo hi tAvat kramaniyamitAtmapariNAmairutpadyamAno jIva eva nAjIva, evamajIvo'pi kramaniyamitAtmapariNAmairutpadyamAno'jIva eva na jiivH|' yahA~ Ae 'kramaniyamita' zabda kI vyAkhyA karate hue DaoN. hukumacanda bhArilla ne apanI pustaka 'kramabaddha paryAya' pRSTha 123 para likhA hai-krama = kramasara tathA niyamita= nishcit| 297

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arthAt jisa samaya jo paryAya Ane vAlI hai vahI AegI usameM parivartana nahIM ho sakatA hai| isase puruSArtha kA niSedha aura nizcita bhAgyavAda kI puSTi hotI hai| isakA yaha bhI tAtparya hai ki sabhI sva-para pratyaya paryAyeM bhI pUrva nizcitakramAnusAra hone se kramabaddha haiN| (2) kevalajJAna kA viSaya honA- sarvajJa ke kevalajJAna meM pratisamaya yugapat sampUrNa dravyoM kI traikAlika sabhI svapara pratyaya paryAyeM pratibhAsita hotI haiN| ata: sva-para pratyaya paryAyoM ko bhI kramabaddha ho mAnanA cAhie anyathA akramabaddha (aniyatakrama) hone para una sva-para pratyaya paryAyoM kA kevalajJAna meM pratisamaya yugapat kramabaddha pratibhAsita honA asambhava hai| ye do hI mukhya tarka haiM jinake AdhArapara sva-para pratyaya paryAyoM ko kramabaddha siddha kiyA jAtA hai| purAtana siddhAntavAdiyoMkA uttarapakSa (1) kramaniyamita' kA sahI artha- AtmakhyAti TIkA ke 'kramaniyamita' zabda kA artha 'kramavartI samayake sAtha niyamita (baddha)' yaha sonagaDhI artha ThIka nahIM hai apitu eka jAtIya sva-para pratyaya paryAyeM eka ke pazcAt eka rUpa krama meM niyamita (baddha) yaha artha ucita hai| (2) utpatti aura jJaptikA bheda - yaha nirvivAda satya hai ki sarvajJa ke kevalajJAna meM traikAlika sva-para pratyaya paryAya yugapat eka hI samaya meM kramabaddha hI pratibhAsita hotI haiM parantu isa AdhAra para una paryAyoM kI utpatti ko bhI kramabaddha mAnanA nyAyasaGgata nahIM hai kyoMki una traikAlika paryAyoM kA kevalajJAna meM yugapat eka hI samaya meM kramabaddha pratibhAsita honA anya bAta hai tathA unakI upAdAna, preraka tathA udAsIna nimittakAraNoM ke bala se yathAsambhava kramabaddha yA akramabaddha rUpa meM utpanna honA anya bAta hai| ata: utpatti kI apekSA vicAra karane para sva-para pratyaya paryAyeM preraka aura udAsIna nimitta kAraNa-sApekSa hone se kramabaddha aura akramabaddha donoM siddha hotI haiN| jJapti kI apekSA vicAra karane para hama kaha sakate haiM ki utpanna huI, utpanna ho rahI aura Age utpanna hone vAlI una paryAyoM kA pratibhAsana kevalajJAna meM yugapat eka hI samaya meM kramabaddha rUpa meM hotA hai| paryAyoM kI utpatti kA nizcaya zrutajJAna ke AdhAra para sambhava hai kevalajJAna ke viSaya-AdhAra para nhiiN| donoM siddhAntoM meM bheda kA hetu purAtana siddhAntavAdI sva-para pratyaya paryAya kI utpatti meM deza aura kAla ko mahattva na dekara nimittakAraNabhUta bAhyasAmagrI ko mahattva dete haiM parantu saunagar3hI sva-para pratyaya paryAya kI utpatti meM upAdAnakAraNabhUta antaraGga sAmagrI ko mahattva dete hue bhI nimittakAraNabhUta bAhyasAmagrI ko mahattva na dekara usa deza aura kAla ko mahattva dete haiM jahA~ aura jisa kAla meM paryAya kI utpatti huI thI, ho rahI hai yA hogii| arthAt deza-kAla ko niyAmaka mAnate haiN| parantu purAtana siddhAntI deza kAla ko kAryotpatti meM upayogI nahIM mAnate haiN| kAryakAraNabhAva anvaya-vyatireka ke AdhAra para upAdAna aura nimitta sAmagrI ko sAtha hI mAnate haiN| yahI donoM meM bheda kA hetu hai| vastutaH deza aura kAla bhI udAsIna bAhya nimittakAraNa hI hai| kevalajJAna kI viSaya-maryAdA isake atirikta pUrNa kSAyika kevalajJAna meM saMyukta yA baddha padArthoM kA pratibhAsana saMyukta yA baddha dazA meM saMyukta yA baddha rUpa se na hokara pRthak-pRthak rUpa meM hotA hai parantu mati-avadhi aura mana:paryayajJAnoM meM baddha padAthoMkA jJAna baddha rUpa se hI hotA hai| ata: sabhI jIva aura pudgala paraspara baddha hote hue bhI jaba kevalajJAna meM satat apanI dravyarUpatA, guNarUpatA yA paryAyarUpatA-sahita pRthak-pRthak hI pratibhAsita ho rahe haiM to usa sthiti meM una padArthoM kI saMyuktadazA kA evaM jIva-pudgalakI baddhadazA kA pratibhAsana kevalajJAna meM nahIM ho sakatA hai| kevalajJAna meM jaba pratikSaNa padArthoM kI pRthak-pRthak rUpatA kA pratibhAsana ho rahA hai to unakI avAstavika dazA kA pratibhAsana sambhava nhiiN| ata: kevalajJAna ke pratibhAsana hetu se 'sva-para pratyaya paryAyoM kI kramabaddhatAmAtra siddha nahIM hotI hai| yaha kevalajJAna kI viSaya-maryAdA kahA~ taka Agamocita hai-isakA vidyAvAridhi vANIbhUSaNa zyAmasundaralAla zAstrI ne apane prAkkathana (pR0 2) meM saGketa kiyA hai| vastutaH kevalajJAna kI viSaya-maryAdA ke sandarbha meM vidvAn lekhaka ne jo apanA pakSa diyA hai vaha vidvAnoM ke vicArArtha diyA hai| ata: unapara AkSepa karanA ucita nhiiN| isa taraha sUkSmadarzI vidvAn jo na kevala vaiyAkaraNa hI haiM apitu eka acche AgamajJa aura dArzanika bhI haiM, ne 298

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yukti aura Agama ke dvArA paryAyoM kI kramabaddhatA aura akramabaddhatA ko siddha kiyA hai| aisA mAnane meM hI jIvoM kA kalyANa hai aura anekAntasiddhAnta ke anukUla hai| isake atirikta vidvAn lekhaka ne prasaGgAnukUla pudgaloM kA Avazyaka sUkSma vivecana bhI prastuta pustaka meM kiyA hai| sandarbhasUcI - 1. sad dravyalakSaNam / utpAdvyayadhrauvyayuktaM sat / tattvArthasUtra 5-29-30 2. guNaparyayavadrvya m / tattvArthasUtra 5-38 3. dekheM mUlagrantha kA pR0 12,17,35 4. vahI, dekheM pR07-9 5. vahIM, dekheM pR0 24-31,35 6. vahI, dekheM pR0 31-341 zvetAmbara jaina Agama aura Agamika vyAkhyA sAhitya bhagavAna mahAvIra (I.pU. chaThI zatAbdI) kI artharUpa vANI se upadiSTa siddhAntoM ke pratipAdaka prAmANika prAcIna granthoM ko jainAgama ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| siddhAntaviSayaka sandeha hone para sandeha-nivAraNArtha inheM Agama pramANa mAnA jAtA hai| gaNadhara yA zrutajJa RSiyoM ke dvArA praNIta hone se 'ArSagrantha' tathA zruta paramparA se prApta hone ke kAraNa 'zrutagrantha' ke rUpa meM bhI ye jAne jAte haiN| inheM pramukha rUpa se do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jAtA hai -1. aGga praviSTa (aGga) 2. anggbaahy| aGga grantha ve haiM jo bhagavAna mahAvIra ke sAkSAta ziSyoM (gaNadharoM) ke dvArA racita haiM tathA aGgabAhya grantha ve haiM jo uttaravartI zrutajJa AcAryoM ke dvArA racita haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke sAkSAt ziSyoM ke dvArA racita hone se aGga grantha sarvapradhAna haiN| inheM bauddhoM ke 'tripiTaka' kI taraha 'gaNipiTaka' tathA brAhmaNoM ke vedoM kI taraha 'veda' bhI kahA gayA hai| inakI saMkhyA bAraha niyata hone se inheM 'dvAdazAGga ke nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| isa taraha aGga aura aGgabAhya sabhI grantha artharUpa se mahAvIra praNIta haiM tathA zabdarUpa se gaNadhara praNIta yA taduttaravartI zrutajJa AcAryoM ke barA praNIta hai| digambara paramparA ke anusAra vIranirvANa saM. 683 taka zruta paramparA calI jo kramazaH kSINa hotI gii| AgamoM ko lipibaddha karane kA koI prayatna nahIM kiyA gayA, jisase sabhI (12 aGga tathA 14 aGgabAhya) Agama grantha lupta ho gye| itanA vizeSa hai ki ina mUla AgamoM ke naSTa ho jAne para bhI dRSTivAda nAmaka bArahaveM aGga granthAntargata pUrvo ke aMzAMza jJAtAoM dvArA (vIranirvANa 10vIM zatAbdI meM) racita SaTkhaNDAgama aura kaSAyapAhuDa ko tathA vIranirvANa kI 14vIM zatAbdI meM racita inakI kramaza: dhavalA aura jayadhavalA TIkAoM ko Agama ke rUpa meM mAnate haiN| inake atirikta kucha anya granthoM ko bhI Agama ke rUpa meM svIkAra karate haiN| zvetAmbara paramparAnusAra devardhigaNikSamAzramaNa kI antima valabhIvAcanA (vIranirvANa saM. 980 ke karIba ) ke samaya smRti-paramparA se prApta AgamagranthoM ko saGkalita karake lipibaddha kiyA gyaa| dRSTivAda nAmaka 12vAM aGga grantha usa samaya kisI ko yAda nahIM thA jisase usakA saGkalana nahIM kiyA jA skaa| phalata: usakA lopa svIkAra kara liyA gyaa| isa taraha aGgoM kI saMkhyA ghaTakara 11 raha gii| aGgabAhya Agama kitane hai? isa viSaya meM matabheda haiM - 1. digambara paramparA -- 14 aGgabAhya grantha haiN| jaise - 1. sAmAyika, 2. caturviMzatistava, 3. vandanA, 4. pratikramaNa, 5. vainayika, 6. kRtikarma, 7. dazavaikAlika, 8. uttarAdhyayana, 9. kalpavyavahAra, 10. kalpAkalpa, 11. mahAkalpa, 12. puNDarIka, 13. mahApuNDarIka aura 14. niSiddhikA / zvetAmbara paramparAnusAra ina 14 aGgabAhya ke bhedoM meM prathama 6 bheda chaha Avazyaka rUpa haiM, dazavaikAlika aura uttarAdhyayana kA mUlasUtroM meM samAveza hai, zeSa 6 bhedoM kA antarbhAva kalpa-vyavahAra aura nizItha nAmaka chedasUtroM meM hai| 2. sthAnakavAsI zvetAmbara paramparA - 21 aGgabAhya grantha haiN| jaise - 12 upAGga, 4 mUlasUtra (uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika, nandI, anuyogadvAra), 4 chedasUtra ( dazAzrutaskandha, bRhatkalpa, vyavahAra aura nizItha) tathA 1 aavshyk| 299

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3. mUrtipUjaka zvetAmbara paramparA -- 34 aGgabAhya grantha hai| jaise - 12 upAMga, 5 chedasUtra (paJcakalpa ko jor3akara), 5 mUlasUtra (uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika, Avazyakanandi aura anuyogadvAra), 8 anya grantha (kalpa, jItakalpa, yatijItakalpa, zrAddhajItakalpa, pAkSika, zrAmaNA, nandi aura RSibhASita), 10 prakIrNaka, 12 niyuktiyA~ aura vizeSAvazyaka mhaabhaassy| ___ isa taraha zvetAmbara paramparA meM 11 aGgoM ko jor3akara sthAnakavAsI 32, mUrtipUjaka 45 tathA anya mUrtipUjaka 84 AgamoM ko mAnate haiN| inake nAmoM meM bhI kucha antara hai| inakI racanA ardhamAgadhI prAkRta bhASA meM kI gaI hai jabaki digambaroM ke Agama grantha jaina zaurasenI prAkRta bhASA meM likhe gaye haiN| Agama-vibhAjana ke prakAra aGga, upAMga Adi ke rUpa meM zvetAmbara AgamoM kA spaSTa vibhAjana sarvaprathama bhAvaprabhasUri (18vIM zatAbdI) dvArA viracita jainadharmavarastotra (zloka 30) kI svopajJa TIkA meM milatA hai| prAcIna paramparA meM AgamoM ko prathamataH Avazyaka aura Avazyakavyatirikta ke rUpa meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| isake pazcAt Avazyakavyatirikta ke kAlika aura utkAlika ye do bheda kiye gaye haiN| jinakA adhyayana kisI nizcita samaya (dina evaM rAtri ke prathama aura antima prahara) meM kiyA jAtA hai unheM kAlika aura jinakA adhyayana tadatirikta kAla meM kiyA jAtA hai unheM utkAlika kahate haiN| uttarAdhyayana Adi kAlika zruta haiM, tathA dazavaikAlika Adi utkaalik| kAlika aura utkAlika kA yaha bheda kevala aGgabAhya granthoM meM thA parantu paravartIkAla meM zvetAmbaroM ne dRSTivAda ko chor3akara zeSa 11 aGgoM ko kAlika meM ginAyA hai| dRSTivAda ko lupta mAna lene se usako na to kAlika batalAyA hai aura na utkaalik| Avazyaka meM pahale sAmAyika Adi cha: grantha the, jinakA Aja eka AvazyakasUtra meM samAveza hai| Agama granthoM kA saMkSipta paricaya aGga grantha 1. AcArAGga -- isameM vizeSa rUpa se sAdhuoM ke AcAra kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| isake do zrutaskandha haiN| prathama zrutaskandha kA nAma brahmacarya hai jisakA artha hai 'saMyama' yaha zrutaskandha dvitIya zrutaskandha se prAcIna hai| isameM zastraparijJA Adi 9 adhyayana haiN| dvitIya zrutaskandha meM cAra cUlAyeM haiM jinakA 18 adhyayanoM meM vibhAjana hai| isakI paJcama cUlA 'nizItha' Aja acArAGga se pRthak grantha ke rUpa meM prasiddha hai| prathama zrutaskandha ke 'mahAparijJA' nAmaka samagra adhyayana kA lopa ho gayA hai, parantu usa para likhI gaI niyukti upalabdha hai| 2 sUtrakRtAGga -- isameM dhArmika upadezoM ke sAtha jainetara matAvalambiyoM ke siddhAntoM kA khaNDana hai| isake bhI do zrutaskandha haiN| prathama zrutaskandha meM 18 aura dvitIya zrutaskandha meM 7 adhyAya haiN| prathama zrutaskandha prAcIna hai| dvitIya zrutaskandha prathama zrutaskandha ke pariziSTa ke samAna hai| bhArata ke dhArmika sampradAyoM kA jJAna karAne kI dRSTi se donoM zrutaskandha mahattvapUrNa haiN| 3. sthAnAGga -- isameM eka sthAnika, dvi-sthAnika Adi krama se 10 sthAnika yA adhyayana haiM jinameM eka se lekara 10 taka kI saMkhyA ke arthoM kA kathana hai| isameM vastuoM kA nirUpaNa saMkhyA kI dRSTi se kiyA jAne se yaha saMgraha pradhAna koza zailI kA grantha hai| 4. samavAyAGa -- yaha grantha bhI sthAnAGga kI zailI meM likhA gayA koza grantha hai| isameM 1 se vRddhi karate hue 100 samavAyoM kA varNana hai| eka prakIrNa samavAya hai, jisameM 100 se Age kI saMkhyAoM kA samavAya batalAyA gayA hai| anta meM 12 aGga granthoM kA paricaya bhI hai| digambaroM ke granthoM se jJAta hotA hai ki sthAnAGga aura samavAyAGga kI zailI meM kucha antara thaa| 5. vyAkhyApajJapti (bhagavatI)-- vyAkhyAtmaka kathana hone se ise vyAkhyAprajJapti kahate haiN| pUjya aura vizAla hone se ise zvetAmbara 'bhagavatI' bhI kahate haiN| yaha kaI dRSTiyoM se mahattvapUrNa hai| prArambha ke 20 zataka prAcIna haiN| 6. zAtAdharmakathA -- isake do zrutaskandha haiN| prathama zrutaskandha meM 19 adhyayana haiM aura dvitIya zrutaskandha meM dharmakathAoM ke 10 varga haiN| isa kathA grantha kI mukhya aura avAntara kathAoM meM AI huI aneka ghaTanAoM se tathA vividha prakAra ke varNanoM se tatkAlIna itihAsa aura saMskRti kI jAnakArI milatI hai| 7. upAsakadazA -- isameM Ananda Adi 10 upAsakoM kI kathAyeM haiN| prAyaH sabhI kathAyeM eka jaisI haiN| 8. antakRddazA -- 'antakRt' zabda kA artha hai - saMsAra kA anta karane vaale| isameM aise hI antakRtoM kI kathA hai| isameM 8 varga haiM jinameM prathama 6 varga kRSNa aura vAsudeva se sambandhita haiM, SaSTha aura saptama varga bhagavAna mahAvIra ke ziSyoM 300

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se sambandhita haiM tathA aSTama varga rAjA zreNika kI kAlI Adi 10 bhAryAoM kI kathA se sambandhita hai| 9. anuttaropapAtikadazA - (vijaya, vaijayanta, jayanta, aparAjita aura sarvArthasiddhi ke vaimAnika deva anuttara arthAt zreSTha kahalAte haiM jo upapAda janma se anuttaroM meM utpanna hote haiM, unheM anuttaropapAtika kahate haiN| aise vyaktiyoM kA isameM varNana hai| isameM tIna varga haiM jinameM 33 adhyayana haiN| 10. praznavyAkaraNa -- isameM praznoM ke uttara (vyAkaraNa) nahIM hai apitu pA~ca AsravadvAra (hiMsAdi) aura pA~ca saMvaradvAra (ahiMsAdi) rUpa 10 adhyayana haiN| 11. vipAkasUtra -- vipAka kA artha hai -'krmphl'| pAparUpa aura puNyarUpa karmoM ke phaloM kA kathana hai| do zrutaskandha haiM jinameM 10+10 adhyayana haiN| 12. dRSTivAda -- yaha grantha lupta ho gayA hai| isameM svasamaya aura parasamaya kI sabhI prarUpaNAyeM thiiN| yaha 5 bhAgoM meM vibhakta thA -parikarma, sUtra, pUrvagata, anuyoga aura cuulikaa| yaha vizAlakAya grantha rahA hai| pUrvo ke kAraNa isakA adhika mahattva thaa| digambara Agama granthoM ( SaTakhaNDAgama aura kaSAyapAhuDa) kA udgama srota yahI grantha mAnA gayA hai| 11 aGga se pRthak isakA ullekha donoM sampradAyoM meM milatA hai| aGgabAhya -- inheM pahale prakIrNaka kahA jAtA thaa| nirayAvaliyA meM inheM upAGga bhI kahA gayA hai parantu aba ye donoM nAma dUsare artha meM rUr3ha ho gaye haiN| upAGga grantha -- inakI racanA sthaviroM ne kI hai| inakA aGga ke sAtha sambandha nahIM hai| ye svatantra grantha haiN| upAGga zabda kA ullekha prAcIna granthoM meM nahIM hai| 1. aupapAtika -- isameM 43 sUtra haiN| campAnagarI ke varNana se grantha kA prArambha hotA hai| isakA sAMskRtika, sAmAjika aura sAhityika dRSTi se mahattva hai| isameM manuSyoM ke bhava sambandhI praznoM kA uttara dete hue bhagavAna mahAvIra ne aneka viSayoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| 2. rAjapraznIya -- isameM 217 sUtra haiM aura do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai| isakA prArambha amalakalpA nagarI ke varNana se hotA hai| isameM rAjA parAsI (pradezI) dvArA kiye gaye praznoM kA samAdhAna kezi muni ke dvArA kiyA gayA hai| 3. jIvAjIvAbhigama (jIvAbhigama)-- isameM 9 pratipatti (prakaraNa) aura 272 sUtra haiM jinameM jIva aura ajIva ke bheda-prabhedoM kA varNana hai| 4. prajJApanA -- isameM 349 sUtra haiM jinameM prajJApanA, sthAna Adi 36 padoM kA varNana hai| jaise aGga meM bhagavatIsUtra bar3A hai vaise hI upAGgoM meM yaha bar3A hai| 5. sUryaprajJapti -- isameM sUrya, candra aura nakSatroM kI sthitiyoM ko 108 sUtroM meM (20 pAhuDoM meM) vistAra se varNana hai| 6. jambUdvIpaprajJapti -- isameM 7 vakSaskAra (pariccheda) haiM jinameM 176 sUtra haiN| tIsare vakSaskAra meM bhAratavarSa aura rAjA bharata kA varNana hai| jambUdvIpa kI jAnakArI ke lie mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| 7. candraprajJapti -- isakI viSayavastu sUryaprajJapti ke samAna hai| isameM 20 prAbhRta hai|| 8. nirayAvaliyA -- isameM 5 upAGga samAviSTa haiM - 1. nirayAvaliyA athavA kalpikA, 2. kalpAvataMsikA, 3. puSpikA, 4. puSpacUlikA aura 5. vRssnnidshaa| nirayAvaliyA (kalpikA) meM 10 adhyayana haiM jinameM rAjA kuNika Adi kI kathAyeM haiN| magadha kA itihAsa jAnane ke lie yaha bahuta upayogI hai| 9. kalpAvataMsikA -- isameM 10 adhyayana haiM jinameM rAjA zreNika ke 10 pautroM ke satkarma kI kathAyeM haiN| 10. puSpikA -- isameM 10 adhyayana haiM jinameM candra, sUrya aura zukra ke varNana ke sAtha anya kathAyeM haiN| 11. puSpacUlikA -- isake 10 adhyayanoM meM zrI, hrI Adi kI kathAyeM haiN| 12. vRSNidazA -- isameM 12 adhyayana hai jinameM dvArakA ke rAjA kRSNa vasudeva ke varNana ke sAtha vRSNivaMzIya 12 rAjakumAroM kI kathAyeM haiN| mUlasUtra -- sAdhu jIvana ke mUlabhUta niyamoM kA upadeza hone se ye mUlasUtra kahalAte haiN| 'mUlasUtra' nAma kA bhI ullekha prAcIna AgamoM meM nahIM milatA hai| mUlasUtra nAmakaraNa ke viSaya meM, inakI saMkhyA ke viSaya meM tathA mUlasUtrAntargata Agama granthoM ke nAmoM ke viSaya meM matabheda hai| uttarAdhyayana aura dazavaikAlika ko sabhI eka svara se mUlasUtra mAnate haiN| anya nAmoM meM Avazyaka, nandi aura anuyogaddhAra pramukha haiN| piNDaniyukti, oghaniyukti aura pAkSikasUtra ko bhI kucha loga 301

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mUlasUtroM meM ginate haiN| aisA ina granthoM ke mahattva ke kAraNa hai| 1. uttarAdhyayana -- yaha bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa aura prAcIna grantha hai| isameM 36 adhyayana haiM jinameM kucha AkhyAnapradhAna haiM, kucha upadezAtmaka haiM aura kucha dArzanika siddhAntoM ke pratipAdaka haiN| 2. dazavakAlika -- yaha bhI uttarAdhyayana kI taraha prAcIna aura mahattvapUrNa haiN| isameM 10 adhyayana hai tathA vikAla (sandhyAkAla) meM adhyayana kiyA jAne ke kAraNa isakA nAma dazavaikAlika hai| muni kA AcAra pratipAdita karanA isakA mukhya viSaya hai| isake racayitA svayambhava hai| 3. Avazyaka -- isameM sAmAyika Adi 6 nityakarma pratipAdaka grantha sammilita haiN| 4. piNDaniyukti - yaha sAdhu ke piNDa (AhAra) kA pratipAdaka hai| (5-6.) nandI aura anuyogadvAra -- ye donoM AgamoM ke pariziSTa jaise haiN| nandI dUSyagaNi ke ziSya devavAcaka kI aura anuyogadvAra AryarakSita kI racanA hai| (7) oghaniyukti -- ogha kA artha hai saamaany| isameM sAdhu ke sAmAnya AcAra-vicAra kA dRSTAnta zailI meM varNana hai| yaha bhI bhadrabAhu kI racanA hai| (8) pAkSikasUtra -- yaha Avazyaka kA aGga hai kyoMki isameM sAdhu ke pAkSika pratikramaNa kA varNana hai| chedasUtra -- inameM sAdhu evaM sAdhviniyoM ke prAyazcitta vidhi kA varNana hai| AgamoM ke prAcInatama aMza hone se mahattvapUrNa hai| ye saMkSipta zailI meM likhe gaye haiN| bauddhoM ke vinayapiTaka se inakI tulanA kI jA sakatI hai| inakI saMkhyA ke viSaya meM matabheda hai| ye saMkhyA meM adhika se adhika cha: mAne gaye haiM aura kama se kama cAra / chedasUtra jaina AcAra kI kuJjI hai tathA jaina saMskRti kI advitIya nidhi hai| 1. dazAzrutakandha (AcAradazA)-- isameM 10 adhyayana haiN| mukhyatayA yaha gadya meM hai| isake racayitA AcArya bhadrabAhu 2. bRhatkalpa (kalpasUtra)-- isameM 6 uddezaka haiM jo gadya meM likhe gaye haiN| 3. vyavahAra -- isameM 20 uddezaka haiM jisameM karIba 1500 sUtra haiN| chedasUtroM meM isakA sabase adhika mahattva hai| 4. mahAnizItha -- isameM 6 adhyayana evaM do cUlAyeM haiN| bhASA aura viSaya kI dRSTi se yaha prAcIna nahIM lagatA hai| vastutaH mahAnizItha naSTa ho gayA hai| upalabdha mahAnizItha (jo nizItha se choTA hai) haribhadrasUri kRta uddhAra hai| 6. jItakalpa -- isake racayitA bhASyakAra jinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNa haiN| isameM 103 gAthAyeM haiN| kucha vidvAn isake sthAna para paJcakalpa nAma dete haiN| prakIrNaka- prakIrNaka kA artha hai vividh| inakI saMkhyA hajAroM meM hai, parantu valabhIvAcanA meM 10 prakIrNakoM ko mAnyatA dI gaI thii| vartamAna meM mukhya rUpa se 10 prakIrNaka mAne jAte haiN| yadyapi inake nAmoM meM ekarUpatA nahIM hai phira bhI nimna 10 prakIrNaka pramukha haiM jo mUrtipUjakoM ko vizeSa rUpa se mAnya haiM -- 1. catuHzaraNa (kuzalAnubandhi adhyayana)-- isameM 63 gAthAyeM haiN| isameM arahaMta, siddha sAdhu aura kevali kathita dharma ko zaraNa mAnA gayA hai| ata: ise catu:zaraNa kahate haiN| 2. AturapratyAkhyAna (antakAla prakIrNaka) -- isameM 70 gAthAyeM tathA kucha gadya bhAga hai| isameM bAlamaraNa aura paNDitamaraNa kA vivecana hai| 3. mahApratyAkhyAna -- isameM 142 gAthAoM dvArA pratyAkhyAna (tyAga) kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 4. bhaktiparijJA -- isameM 172 gAthAoM dvArA bhaktaparijJA nAmaka maraNa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 5. tandulavaicArika -- isameM 139 gAthAyeM tathA kucha sUtra haiN| isameM nArI jAti ke viSaya meM tathA garbha ke viSaya meM varNana hai| 100 varSa kI Ayu vAlA manuSya kitanA tandula (cAvala) khAtA hai, isakA vicAra hone se isakA nAma tandulavaicArika par3a gayA hai| 6. saMstAraka -- isameM 123 gAthAyeM haiM jinameM mRtyu ke samaya apanAne yogya saMstAraka (tRNa Adi kI zayyA) kA mahattva varNita hai| 7. gacchAcAra -- isameM 137 gAthAyeM haiM jinameM gaccha (samUha) meM rahane vAle sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke AcAra kA varNana hai| yaha mahAnizItha, kalpa (bRhatkalpa) tathA vyavahArasUtra ke AdhAra para likhA gayA hai| 302

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8. gaNividyA -- isameM 82 gAthAyeM haiM jinameM jyotiSa vidyA kA varNana hai| 9. devendrastava -- isameM 307 gAthAoM dvArA 32 devendroM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 10. maraNasamAdhi (maraNavibhakti)-- isameM 683 gAthAyeM haiN| isameM samAdhimaraNa kA 14 dvAroM meM vivecana kiyA gayA hai| noTa :-- zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka gacchAcAra aura maraNasamAdhi ke sthAna para nimna do prakIrNaka mAnate haiM11. candravedhyaka -- isameM 175 gAthAyeM haiN| isameM mRtyu ke samaya thor3A bhI pramAda nahIM karanA cAhie' isakA varNana hai| 12. vIrastava -- isameM 43 gAthAoM meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI stuti hai| Agamika vyAkhyA sAhitya mUla Agama granthoM ke rahasya kA udaghATana karane ke lie vyAkhyAtmaka sAhitya likhA gyaa| inameM granthakAra grantha ke gUDhArtha ko prakAzita karane ke sAtha-sAtha apanI mAnyatA kI bhI pratisthApanA karate haiN| kaI vyAkhyA grantha to itane prasiddha aura mahattvapUrNa ho gaye ki unheM mUla Agama granthoM meM milA liyA gyaa| isase vyAkhyA sAhitya kA mahattva prakaTa hotA hai| bhAratIya saMskRti, kalA, purAtattva, darzana, itihAsa, sAhitya Adi kaI dRSTiyoM se inakA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna hai| isa vyAkhyA sAhitya ko 5 bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jAtA hai -- 1. niyukti (nijjuti) -- prAkRta bhASA meM padyabaddha vyaakhyaa| 2. bhASya (bhAsa) -- prAkRta bhASA meM padyabaddha vyaakhyaa| 3. cUrNi ( cuNNi) -- saMskRta-prAkRta mizrita gadyAtmaka vyaakhyaa| 4. saMskRta ttiikaayeN| 5. lokabhASA meM racita ttiikaayeN| inake atirikta AgamoM ke viSayoM kA saMkSepa meM paricaya dene vAlI saMgrahaNiyA~ bhI bahuta prAcIna hai| paJcakalpamahAbhASya ke ullekhAnusAra saMgrahaNiyoM kI racanA Arya kAlaka ne kI hai| pAkSikasUtra meM bhI saMgrahaNI kA ullekha milatA hai| niyuktiyA~ inameM pratyeka pada kA vyAkhyAna na karake vizeSa rUpa se pAribhASika zabdoM kA vyAkhyAna hai| inakI vyAkhyAna zailI nikSepa paddhati ke rUpa meM prasiddha hai| isa zailI meM kisI eka pada ke kaI sambhAvita artha karane ke bAda unameM se aprastuta artha kA niSedha karake prastuta (prAsaMgika) artha kA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| ataH zabdArtha nirNaya (nizcaya) kA nAma niyukti hai| Avazyakaniyukti meM AcArya bhadrabAhu (gAthA 88) meM spaSTa likhA hai ki eka zabda ke kaI artha hote haiM, unameM se kauna sA artha kisa prasaGga ke lie upayukta hai, bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadezakAla meM kisa zabda se kauna sA artha sambaddha rahA hai, Adi bAtoM ko dRSTi meM rakhakara samyak artha nirNaya tathA mUlasUtra ke zabdoM ke sAtha sambandha sthApita karanA niyukti kA uddezya hai| isa taraha pAribhASika zabdoM kI suspaSTa vyAkhyA karanA niyuktiyoM kA prayojana hai| itihAsa, darzana, saMskRti, bhUgola, bhASAvijJAna Adi dRSTiyoM se inakA adhyayana kaI mahattvapUrNa sUcanAoM ko dene vAlA hai| ye padyAtmaka haiM tathA prAkRta bhASA meM likhI gaI haiN| inakA racanAkAla vi.saM. 500-600 ke madhya mAnA jAtA hai| inake prasiddha racayitA hai -- AcArya bhadrabAhu (dvitiiy)| inhoMne nimna dazaniyuktiyoM ko likhA hai-- 1. Avazyakaniyukti -- yaha AcArya bhadrabAhu kI prathama kRti hai| AvazyakasUtra kI yaha niyukti anya niyuktiyoM kI apekSA ati mahattvapUrNa hai| isakA prArambhika upoddhAta sabase mahattvapUrNa aMza hai| isa niyukti para jinabhadra, jinadAsagaNi Adi ne vividha TIkAyeM likhIM haiN| bhinna-bhinna vyAkhyAoM meM isakI gAthA saMkhyA bhinna-bhinna hai| mANikyazekhara kI dIpikATIkA meM isa niyukti kI 1615 gAthAyeM haiN| kahIM-kahIM jinabhadrakRta vizeSAvazyakabhASya kI gAthAyeM bhI niyukti gAthAoM meM milI huI haiN| 2. dazavaikAlikaniyukti -- isameM puSpa, dhAnya, ratna Adi padoM ke vyAkhyAna se vividha viSayoM kI samyak jAnakArI milatI hai| 3. uttarAdhyayananiyukti -- isameM vividha padoM kI niyukti ke prasaGga meM aGga kI vyAkhyA karate hue gaMdhAGga, auSadhAGga, madyAGga, zarIrAGga, yuddhAGga Adi ke bheda-prabhedoM kA varNana hai| satraha prakAra ke maraNa kI bhI vyAkhyA hai| 4. AcArAGganiyukti -- isake prArambha meM AcArAGga kA aGga meM prathama sthAna mAne jAne kA hetu batalAyA gayA hai| anta 303

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meM 'AcArAGga kI paJcama culA nizItha kI niyukti bAda meM karU~gA' kahakara use chor3a diyA hai| 5. sUtrakRtAGganiyukti -- isameM sUtrakRtAGga zabda kA vivecana karate hue gAthA, puruSa, samAdhi, AhAra Adi vividha padoM kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| 6. dazAzrutaskandhaniyukti -- isameM samAdhi, sthAna, citta, paryuSaNA, moha Adi padoM kI niyuktiyA~ haiN| 7. bRhatkalpaniyukti -- isameM bhASya gAthAyeM mizrita ho gaI haiN| isameM tAla, nagara, rAjadhAnI, upAzraya, carma, maithuna Adi kI mahattvapUrNa niyuktiyA~ haiN| bIca-bIca meM dRSTAntarUpa kathAnaka bhI haiN| 8. vyavahAraniyukti -- isameM bhI bhASya gAthAyeM mizrita ho gaI haiN| yaha bRhatkalpa kI pUraka rUpa niyukti hai| isameM sAdhuoM ke AcAra-vicAra se sambandhita padoM kI saMkSipta vivecanA hai| 9. sUryaprajJaptiniyukti -- anupalabdha hai| 10. RSibhASitaniyukti -- anupalabdha hai| oghaniyukti, piNDaniyukti, paJcakalpaniyukti aura nizIthaniyukti kramazaH dazavaikAlikaniyukti, bRhatkalpaniyukti aura AcArAGganiyukti kI pUraka haiN| saMsaktaniyukti paravartI kisI anya AcArya kI racanA hai| govindAcArya kI govindaniyukti anupalabdha hai| oghaniyukti aura piNDaniyukti ko mUlasUtroM meM bhI ginAyA jAtA hai| bhASya -- niyuktiyoM ke saMkSipta tathA gUr3ha hone se unakA vistAra se vicAra karane hetu tathA gUDhArtha ke rahasya ko prakaTa karane ke lie bhASya likhe ge| jisa taraha pratyeka Agama grantha para niyukti nahIM likhI jA sakI, usI prakAra pratyeka niyukti para bhASya bhI nahIM likhe jA ske| kucha bhASya to niyuktiyoM para haiM parantu kucha bhASya mUlasUtroM para bhI haiN| isa bhASya sAhitya kA kaI dRSTiyoM se ati mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| kucha bhASya bahuta vistRta haiM tathA kucha bhASya bahuta saMkSipta haiN| ye bhASya bhI niyuktiyoM kI taraha padyAtmaka zailI meM prAkRta bhASA meM likhe gae haiN| jisase kahIM-kahIM bhASya gAthAyeM niyukti gAthAoM meM mila gaI haiN| bhASyakAra ke rUpa meM jinabhadragaNi aura saGghadAsagaNi prasiddha haiN| vizeSAvazyakabhASya aura jItakalpabhASya saGghadAsagaNa kI racanAyeM haiN| sambhavataH saGghadAsagaNi A. jinabhadra ke pUrvavartI haiN| anya bhASyakAroM kI spaSTa jAnakArI nahIM milatI hai| pramukha 10 Agama granthoM ke bhASya nimna haiM1. AvazyakabhASya -- AvazyakasUtra para tIna bhASya likhe gae haiM -- mUlabhASya, bhASya aura vishessaavshykbhaassy| prathama do bhASya atyanta saMkSipta haiM aura unakI gAthAyeM vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM mila gaI haiN| yaha vizeSAvazyakabhASya pUre AvazyakasUtra para na hokara kevala prathama sAmAyika Avazyaka para hai| isameM 3803 gAthAyeM haiN| jainAgama ke prAyaH sabhI viSayoM kI carcA isa bhASya meM hai| isameM jaina siddhAntoM kA vivecana dArzanika paddhati se kiyA gayA hai jisase jainetara dArzanikoM kI bhI mAnyatAoM kA jJAna isase hotA hai| digambaroM kI kevaladarzana aura kevalajJAna ke yugapad upayoga kI mAnyatA kA isameM khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| 2. dazavaikAlikabhASya -- isameM 83 gAthAyeM haiN| 3. uttarAdhyayanabhASya -- isameM 45 gAthAyeM haiN| 4. bRhatkalpabhASya -- bRhatkalpa para do bhASya haiM -- laghu aura bRhat / laghubhASya meM 8400 gAthAyeM haiN| prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRti kI dRSTi se isa laghubhASya kA atimahattva hai| jainazramaNoM ke AcAra kA sUkSma aura tarkasaGgata vivecana isakI vizeSatA hai| bRhat-bhASya pUrNa upalabdha nahIM hai| 5. paJcakalpamahAbhASya -- isameM 2574 gAthAyeM haiN| yaha paJca kalpoM meM vibhakta paJcakalpaniyukti kA vyAkhyAna rUpa hai| pravrajyA ke yogya aura ayogya vyaktiyoM kA, sAdhuoM ke vicaraNa ke yogya Arya kSetra kA bhI isameM varNana hai| 6. vyavahArabhASya -- isameM 4629 gAthAyeM haiM jinameM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke AcAra kA varNana hai / 7. nizIthabhASya -- isameM lagabhaga 6500 gAthAyeM haiN| 8. jItakalpabhASya -- isameM 2606 gAthAyeM haiN| isameM bRhatkalpa, laghubhASya Adi kI kaI gAthAyeM akSarazaH uddhRta haiN| isameM prAyazcitta ke vidhi-vidhAnoM kA pramukha rUpa se vivecana hai| 9. oghaniyuktibhASya -- isa para do bhASya haiM -- laghu evaM bRhat / donoM meM kramaza: 322 aura 2517 gAthAyeM haiN| donoM meM ogha, piNDa Adi kA vicAra hai| 10. piNDaniyuktibhASya -- isameM piNDa, adhAkarma Adi kA 46 gAthAoM meM varNana hai| 304

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cUrNiyA~ jainAgamoM para prAkRta athavA saMskRta mizrita prAkRta meM gadyAtmaka zailI meM jo vyAkhyAyeM likhIM gaIM unheM cUrNiyA~ kahate haiN| isa taraha kI cUrNiyA~ Agametara sAhitya para bhI likhI gaI haiN| cUrNikAra jinadAsagaNimahattara (vi.saM. 650750) paramparA se nizIthavizeSacUrNi, nandIcUrNi, anuyogadvAracUrNi, AvazyakacUrNi, dazavaikAlikacUrNi, uttarAdhyayanacUrNi tathA sUtrakRtAGgacUrNi ke kartA mAne jAte haiN| inake jIvana se sambandhita vizeSa jAnakArI nahIM milatI hai| jainAgamoM para likhI gaI pramukha cUrNiyA~ nimna haiM - 1. AcArAGgacUrNa (niyuktyanusArI), 2. sUtrakRtAGgacUrNa (niryuktyanusArI saMskRta prayoga) apekSAkRta adhika haiM, 3. vyAkhyAjJapti yA bhagavatIcUrNi, 4. jIvAbhigamacUrNi, 5. nizIthacUrNi (isa para do cUrNiyA~ haiM parantu upalabdha eka hI hai, nizIthavizeSacUrNi kaI dRSTiyoM se mahattvapUrNa hai), 6. mahAnizIthacUrNi, 7. vyavahAracUrNi, 8. dazAzrutaskandhacUrNi, 9. bRhatkalpacUrNi (do cUrNiyA~ haiM), 10. paJcakalpacUrNi, 11. oghaniyukticUrNi, 12. jItakalpacUrNi (isa para do cUrNiyA~ haiM parantu upalabdha eka hI hai| upalabdha cUrNi ke kartA siddhasenasUri haiN| yaha sampUrNa prAkRta meM hai), 13. uttarAdhyayanacUrNi, 14. AvazyakacUrNi (isameM aitihAsika vyaktiyoM ke kathAnakoM kA saMgraha hai), 15. dazavaikAlikacUrNi (isa para do cUrNiyA~ haiN| eka agastyasiMha kI hai aura dUsarI jinadAsakRta hai), 17. nandIcUrNi ( yaha saMkSipta aura prAkRta bhASA pradhAna hai| mukhyarUpa se jJAna-svarUpa kI carcA hai), 18. anuyogadvAracUrNi (isa para do cUrNiyA~ haiN| eka ke kartA bhASyakAra jinabhadragaNi haiM aura dUsare ke cUrNikAra jinadAsagaNi), 19. jambUdvIpaprajJapticUrNi aadi| saMskRta TIkAyeM __ saMskRta ke prabhAva ko dekhate hue jainAcAryoM ne jainAgamoM para kaI nAmoM se saMskRta vyAkhyAyeM likhIM haiN| inakA bhI Agamika vyAkhyA sAhitya meM mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| saMskRta vyAkhyAkAroM ne niyuktiyoM, bhASyoM aura cUrNiyoM kA upayoga karate hue naye-naye tarkoM ke siddhAnta pakSa kI puSTi kI hai| jainAgama para sabase prAcIna saMskRta TIkA AcArya jinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNa kRta vizeSAvazyakabhASya kI svopajJavRtti hai| TIkAkAroM meM haribhadrasUri, zIlAMkasUri, vAdivetAlazAntisUri, abhayadevasUri, malayagiri, maladhArI hemacandra Adi prasiddha haiN| kucha ajJAta TIkAkAra bhI haiN| jJAtanAmA TIkAkAra bhI bahuta haiN| lokabhASAracita TIkAyeM -- hindI, gujarAtI, aGgrejI Adi loka-bhASAoM meM bhI vipula TIkAyeM likhI gaI haiN| samIkSAtmaka zodha-prabandhoM ke dvArA bhI AgamoM ke rahasya ko ina loka bhASAoM meM udghATita kiyA gayA hai| inakA bhI kaI dRSTiyoM se mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| isa taraha jainAgama aura usakA vyAkhyA sAhitya na kevala jainoM kI amUlya nidhi hai apitu bhAratIya sabhyatA, saMskRti, itihAsa, darzana Adi kI bhI amUlya nidhi hai| bhASAvijJAna kI dRSTi se bhI inakA bar3A mahattva hai| yadi Aja yaha sAhitya hamAre pAsa upalabdha na hotA to hama andhakAra meM par3e rhte| sandarbha-grantha 1. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 1, pR. 31. 2. samavAyAGgasUtra, bhAga 1, pR. 136. 3. prAkRta sAhitya bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 1, pR. 44 4. vahI, 5. nandIsUtra 43; tattvArthavArtika 1,20,13; Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 92 6. SaTkhaNDAgama -- yaha 18 bhAgoM meM prakAzita hai| isake jIvaTThANa, khuddAbandha, bandhasAmittavicaya, vedanA, vaggaNA aura mahAbandha ye 6 khaNDa haiM, ataH ise SaTkhaNDAgama kahate haiN| isakA udgama srota dRSTivAda ke dvitIya pUrva AgrAyaNIya ke cayanalabdhi nAmaka 5veM adhikAra ke cauthe pAhuDa karmaprakRti ko mAnA jAtA hai| lekhaka haiM AcArya dharasena / isa para AcArya vIrasena ne dhavalATIkA likhI hai| mahAbandha nAmaka chaThA khaNDa apanI vizAlatA ke kAraNa pRthak grantha ke rUpa meM mAnA jAtA hai| 7. kaSAyapAhuDa -- yaha 18 bhAgoM meM prakAzita hai| isameM rAga (pejja) aura dveSa kA nirUpaNa haiN| racanAkAra hai AcArya guNadhara jo dRSTivAda ke 5veM jJAnapravAda pUrva ke 10veM vastu ke usare kaSAyaprAbhRta ke pAragAmI the| yahI aMza isakA udgama srota hai| isa para jayadhavalATIkA AcArya vIrasena aura jinasena ne likhI hai| AcArya yativRSabha ne carNi likhI hai| 305

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aGga AgamoM ke viSayavastu-sambandhI ullekhoM kA zvetAmbara aura digambara AgamoM ke AdhAra para tulanAtmaka vivecana [zvetAmbara mAnyatAnusAra devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa kI valabhIvAcanA (vI.ni.saM.980) meM 'dRSTivAda' nAmaka 12vA~ aGga-Agama chor3akara zeSa gyAraha aGgoM kA saGkalana karake lipibaddha kara diyA gayA thA jo Aja prakAzita haiN| digambara paramparA ke anusAra karNaparamparA se samAgata sabhI 12 aGga grantha vismRta ho gae haiM jo Aja upalabdha nahIM haiM / guNadharAcArya praNIta (vi.pU. prathama zatAbdI) kaSAyapAhuDa aura SaTakhaNDAgama (dharasenAcArya I. san 73) se sunakara puSpadanta bhUtabali praNIta (I. san 1-2) ye do grantha dRSTivAda ke aMzAMza ke jJAtAoM dvArA racita grantha haiM jina para dhavalA aura jayadhavalA TIkAe~ pAI jAtI haiN| Aja ye grantha hI mAnya haiN| zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM paramparAoM ke granthoM meM jo viSayavastu dvAdazAGga vANI kI milatI hai usakA isa zodhAtmaka Alekha meM vistAra se kathana hai| vartamAna zvetAmbarIya aGga Agama pUrNataH usa rUpa meM nahIM milate jisase unameM paravartI saMzodhana jJAta hote haiN|] bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apanI divyavANI dvArA jisa vastu-svarUpa kA pratipAdana kiyA, use atyanta nirmala antaHkaraNa vAle tathA buddhivaibhava ke dhanI gaNadharoM ne AcArAGga Adi dvAdaza aGgagranthoM ke rUpa meM grathita karake apane pazcAdvartI AcAryoM ko zruta-paramparA se pradAna kiyaa| zruta kI isa alikhita paramparA kA smRti-lopa hone se kramazaH hrAsa hotA gyaa| zvetAmbara-mAnyatAnusAra smRti-paramparA se prApta ye aGga grantha devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa kI valabhIvAcanA (vIra ni0 saM 980) ke samaya lipibaddha kie ge| dRSTivAda nAmaka 12vA~ aGga-grantha usa samaya kisI ko yAda nahIM thA, ata: vaha lipibaddha na kiyA jA skaa| isake pUrva bhI AcArya sthUlabhadra dvArA pATaliputra (vIra ni0 saM0 219) meM tathA Aya skandila dvArA mAthurI vAcanA (vIra ni0 8vIM zatAbdI) meM bhI ina 11 aGga granthoM kA saGkalana kiyA gayA thA parantu usa samaya unheM lipibaddha nahIM kiyA gayA thaa| digambara-paramparA ina vAcanAoM ko prAmANika nahIM mAnatI hai| unake anusAra vIra ni0 saM0683 taka zrutaparamparA calI, jo kramaza: kSINa hotI gii| aGga-granthoM ke lipibaddha karane kA koI prayatna nahIM kiyA gayA, phalata: sabhI aGga grantha lupta ho ge| itanA vizeSa hai ki ve dRSTivAda nAmaka 12veM aGgAntargata pUrvo ke aMzAMza ke jJAtAoM dvArA (vIra ni0 7vIM zatAbdI meM) racita SaTakhaNDAgama aura kaSAyapAhuDa ko tathA vIra nirvANa kI 14vIM zatI meM racita inakI dhavalA aura jayadhavalA TIkAoM ko Agama ke rUpa meM mAnate haiN| bAraha aGgoM ke nAma ubhaya-paramparA meM mAnya 12 aGga-granthoM ke nAma kramaza: isa prakAra haiM-(1) AcArAGga, (2) sUtrakRtAGga, (3) sthAnAGga, (4) samavAyAGga, (5) vyAkhyAprajJapti (aparanAma bhagavatI'), (6) jJAtAdharmakathA ( nAthadharmakathA), (7) upAsakadazA (upAsakAdhyayana), (8) antakRddazA ( antakRddaza) (9) anuttaropapAdikadazA (anuttaraupapAdikadaza), (10) praznavyAkaraNa, (11) vipAkasUtra aura (12) dRSTivAda / chaThe se nauveM taka ke koSThakAntargata nAma di0 paramparA meM pracalita haiN| ina aGgoM ke krama meM kahIM koI antara nahIM milatA hai| sAdhAraNa nAma-bheda avazya pAyA jAtA hai| jaise-chaThe aura sAtaveM aGgakA nAma digambara granthoM meM kramaza: 'nAthadharmakathA' (NAhadhammakahA) tathA 'upAsakAdhyayana' (uvAsayajjhayaNaM) milatA hai| isI prakAra pA~caveM vyAkhyAprajJapti' kA prAkRta nAma zve0 granthoM meM vivAhapannattI' milatA hai jabaki di0 granthoM meM 'viyAhapaNNattI' hai jo vyAkhyAprajJapti ke adhika nikaTa hai| gommaTasAra jIvakANDa meM sUtrakRtAGga kA prAkRtanAma "suddayaDaM" milatA hai jabaki sthAnAGga Adi meM 'sUyagaDo' aura dhavalA Adi meM sUddayadaM' milatA hai| tattvArthAdhigamabhASya meM dRSTivAda ko 'dRSTipAta' kahA hai jo cintya hai| zve0 granthoM meM antakRddazA' aura 'anuttaraupapAdikadazA' ke lie kramaza: 'antagaDadasAo' aura 'aNuttarovavAiadasAo' nAma haiM jabaki di0 granthoM meM "antayaDadasA" aura 'aNuttarovavAdiyadasA' nAma milate haiN| 306

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ye nAmabheda prAkRta bhASAbheda evaM lipipramAda ke kAraNa haiN| aba hama ina aGga granthoM ke viSayavastu kI nimna cAra AdhAroM para samIkSA kareMge / 1. zve0 granthoM meM prApta ullekha, (2) diga0 granthoM meM prApta ullekha, (3) upalabdha aGga AgamoM kA vartamAna svarUpa aura (4) tulanAtmaka vivrnn| anta meM samasta granthoM kI samagrarUpa se samIkSA karate hue upasaMhAra diyA jaaegaa| 1-AcArAGga (ka) zvetAmbara granthoM meM aGga granthoM ko viSayavastu kA ullekha zvetAmbara paramparA meM aGga granthoM kI viSayavastu kA ullekha sthAnAGga, samavAyAGga, nandI aura vidhimArgaprapA meM milatA hai| ataH yahA~ inhIM AdhAroM para aGga granthoM kI samIkSA kareMge 1. sthAnAGgasUtra meM -AcArAGga kI viSayavastu kI carcA karate hue usake brahmacarya sambandhI 9 adhyayanoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai, jinameM antima tIna kA krama hai-vimoha, upadhAna aura mhaaprijnyaa| dasa dazA ke nirUpaNaprasaGga meM jo AcAradazA ke 10 adhyayanoM kA ullekha hai, vaha AcArAGga se sambandhita na hokara dazAzrutaskandha se sambandhita hai|| 2. samavAyAGga meM - AcArAGga meM zramaNa nirgranthoM ke AcAra, gocara, vinaya, vainayika, sthAna, gamana, caMkramaNa, pramANa, yoga-yojana, bhASA, samiti, gupti, zayyA, upadhi, bhakta-pAna, udgama, utpAdana, eSaNA-vizuddhi, zuddhAzuddhagrahaNa, vrata, niyama, tapopadhAna ina sabakA suprazasta kathana kiyA gayA hai| vaha AcAra saMkSepa se 5 prakAra kA hai-jJAnAcAra, darzanAcAra, cAritrAcAra, tapAcAra aura vIryAcAra / aGgoM ke krama meM yaha prathama aGga-grantha hai| isameM do zrutaskandha haiM, 25 adhyayana haiM, 85 uddezana kAla haiM, 85 samuddezana kAla haiM aura 18 hajAra pada haiN| parIta (parimita) vAcanAyeM haiM, saMkhyAta anuyogadvAra haiM, saMkhyAta pratipattiyA~ haiM, saMkhyAta veSTaka haiM, saMkhyAta zloka haiM, saMkhyAta niyuktiyA~ haiM, saMkhyAta akSara haiM, ananta gama haiM, ananta paryAyeM haiM, parimita trasa haiM, ananta sthAvara haiM, zAzvata, kRta (anitya), nibaddha (grathita) aura nikAcita (pratiSThita) haiM, jinaprajJapta bhAva haiM, jinakA sAmAnya rUpa se aura vizeSa rUpa se pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai, darzAyA gayA hai, nidarzita kiyA gayA hai tathA upadarzita kiyA gayA hai| AcArAGga ke adhyayana se AtmA jJAtA aura vijJAtA ho jAtA hai| isa taraha isameM caraNa aura karaNa dharmoM kI hI vizeSarUpa se prarUpaNA kI gaI hai| isa antima pairAgrApha kI samasta bAteM sabhI 12 aGgoM ke sandarbha meM eka hI samAna kahI gaI haiN| samavAyAGga ke 57veM samavAya ke sandarbha meM AcArAGga (9+ 15=24 adhyayana, AcAracUlA chor3akara), sUtrakRtAGga (23 adhyayana) aura sthAnAGga (10 adhyayana) ke adhyayanoM kI sampUrNa saMkhyA 57 batalAI hai| navama samavAya meM AcArAGga ke 9 brahmacarya adhyayana ginAye haiM zastra-parijJA, lokavijaya, zItoSNIya, samyaktva, avantI, dhUta, vimoha, upadhAnazruta aura mhaaprijnyaa| paccIsaveM samavAya meM cUlikA sahita 25 adhyayana ginAye haiN| 3. nandIsUtra meM' - AcArAGga meM zramaNa nirgranthoM ke AcAra, gocara, vinaya, zikSA, bhASA, abhASA, karaNa, yAtrA, mAtrA (AhAra parimANa) Adi kA kathana saMkSepa meM hai| AcAra 5 prakAra kA hai-jJAnAcAra, darzanAcAra, cAritrAcAra, tapa:AcAra aura viiryaacaar| aGgakrama aura vAcanA Adi kA samasta vivecana samavAyAGga kI taraha batalAyA hai| 4. vidhimArgaprapA meM2- AcArAGga ke 2 zrutaskadha batalAe gae haiN| prathama zrutaskandha ke 9 adhyayana kahe gae haiM-zastraparijJA, lokavijaya, zItoSNIya, samyaktva, avantI yA lokasAra, dhUta, vimoha, upadhAnazruta aura mhaaprijnyaa| isameM mahAparijJA ko vicchinna batalAyA hai jisameM AkAzagAminI vidyA kA varNana thaa| yahA~ yaha bhI likhA hai ki zIlAMkAcArya ne mahAparijJA ko AThavA~ aura upadhAnazruta ko navA~ kahA hai| dvitIya zrutaskandha kI 5 cUlAyeM batalAI haiM, jinakA adhyayanoM meM vibhAjana isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai- prathama cUlA ke 7 adhyayana haiM-piNDaSaNA, zayyA, IryA, bhASA, vastraiSaNA, pAtraiSaNA aura avagraha-pratimA (uvaggahapaDimA) / inameM kramaza: 11,3,3,2,2,2,2 uddezaka haiN| dvitIya cUlA ke sAta adhyayana haiM (satasattikkaehi bIyA cUlA)- sthAnasattikkaya, niSIdhikA-sattikkaya, uccAraprasravaNasattikkaya, zabdasattikkaya, rUpasattikkaya, parakriyAsattikkaya aura anyonykriyaasttikky| inake uddezaka nahIM haiN| tRtIya cUlA meM bhAvanA' nAmaka eka hI adhyayana hai| caturtha cUlA meM "vimukti" nAmaka eka hI adhyayana hai| isa prakAra dvitIya zrutaskandha meM 16 adhyayana aura prathama cUlA ke sAta adhyayanoM ke 25 uddezaka haiM, zeSa ke uddezaka nahIM haiN| paJcama cUlA meM nizItha' nAmaka eka hI adhyayana hai| isa cUlA kA AcArAGga se pRthak kathana kiyA gayA hai| yaha cUlA aba eka svatantra grantha ke rUpa meM mAnya hai| 307

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(kha) digambara granthoM meM prApta ullekha digambara paramparA meM aGga granthoM kI viSayavastu kA nirUpaNa pramukha rUpa se tattvArthavArttika, dhavalA, jayadhavalA aura aGgaprajJapti meM huA hai / yathA1. tattvArthavArtika meM3-AcArAGga meM (muni) caryA kA vidhAna hai jo 8 zuddhi, 5 samiti aura 3 gupti rUpa hai| 2. dhavalA (SaTakhaNDAgama-TIkA) meM14--AcArAGga meM kaise calanA cAhie, kaise khar3e honA cAhie, kaise baiThanA cAhie, kaise zayana karanA cAhie, kaise bhojana karanA cAhie aura kaise sambhASaNa karanA cAhie ? ityAdi rUpa se muniyoM ke AcAra kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| isameM 18 hajAra pada haiN| 3. jayadhavalA (kaSAyapAhuDa-TIkA) meM15-AcArAGga meM 'yatnapUrvaka gamanAdi karanA cAhie' ityAdi rUpa se sAdhuoM ke AcAra kA varNana hai| 4. aGgaprajJapti meM16 -AcArAGga meM 18 hajAra pada haiN| bhavyoM ke mokSapathagamana meM kAraNabhUta muniyoM ke AcAra kA varNana hai| isameM dhavalA aura jayadhavalAvat kathana hai| muniyoM ke kezaloMca, avastra, asnAna, adantadhAvana, ekabhakta, sthitibhojana Adi kA bhI ullekha hai| (ga) vartamAna rUpa upalabdha AcArAGga meM vizeSarUpa se sAdhuoM ke AcAra kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| isake do zrutaskandha haiN| prathama zrutaskandha- isakA nAma brahmacarya hai jisakA artha hai 'sNym'| yaha dvitIya zrutaskandha se prAcIna hai| isameM 9 adhyayana haiM-1-zastraparijJA, 2-lokavijaya, 3-zItoSNIya, 4-samyaktva, 5-Avanti (yAvantaH) yA lokasAra, 6-dhUta, 7-mahAparijJA, 8-vimoha yA vimokSa aura 9-updhaanshrut| kula milAkara isa zrutaskandha meM 44 uddezaka haiN| pahale 51 uddezaka the" jinameM se 7ve mahAparijJA ke sAtoM uddezakoM kA lopa mAnA gayA hai| dvitIya zrutaskandha-isameM cAra cUlAyeM haiM ("nizItha" nAmaka paJcama cUlA Aja AcArAGga se pRthak grantha ke rUpa meM prasiddha hai) jinakA 16 adhyayanoM aura 25 uddezakoM meM vibhAjana vidhimArgaprapA kI taraha hI hai| (gha) tulanAtmaka vivaraNa digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM ke ullekhoM se itanA spaSTa hai ki isameM sAdhuoM ke AcAra kA varNana thA tathA isakI pada-saMkhyA 18 hajAra thii| upalabdha Agama se pada-saMkhyA kA mela karanA kaThina hai| vIrasenAcArya ne dhavalA TIkA meM to pada-saMkhyA kA ullekha kiyA hai, parantu jayadhavalA meM ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| AcArAGga kI viSayavastu ke sandarbha meM digambara granthoM meM kevala sAmAnya kathana hai jabaki zvetAmbara granthoM meM AcArAGga ke adhyayanoM Adi kA vizeSa varNana hai| sthAnAGga meM kevala prathama-zrataskandha ke 9 adhyayanoM kA ullekha milane se tathA samavAyAGga meM brahmacarya ke 9 adhyayanoM kA pRthak ullekha hone se prathama zrutaskandha kI prAcInatA aura mahattA ko puSTi hotI prathama zrutaskandha ke mahAparijJA adhyayana kA krama sthAnAGga, samavAyAGga aura vidhimArgaprapA meM navamA hai, jabaki upalabdha AcArAGga meM mahAparijJA' kA krama sAtavAM hai| zIlAMkAcArya kI vyAkhyA meM mahAparijJA' ko AThavAM sthAna diyA gayA hai| isa taraha krama meM antara A gayA hai| 'mahAparijJA' kA lopa ho gayA hai, parantu usa para likhI gaI niyukti upalabdha hai| niyukti meM AcArAGga ke dasa paryAyavAcI nAma bhI ginAe haiM-AyAra, AcAla, AgAla, Agara, AsAsa, Ayarisa, aGga, AiNNa, AjAI aura aamokkh| 'cUlA' zabda kA ullekha hameM samavAyAGga meM milatA avazya hai parantu vahAM usakA spaSTa vibhAjana nahIM hai jaisA ki vidhimArgaprapA meM milatA hai| samavAyAGga ke 57veM samavAya meM AcArAGga, sUtrakRtAGga aura sthAnAGga ke jo 57 adhyayana kahe gae haiM unameM sUtrakRtAGga ke 23 aura sthAnAGga ke 10 adhyayana haiN| isa taraha 33 adhyayana nikAla dene para AcArAGga ke 24 adhyayana zeSa rahate haiN| ina 24 adhyayanoM kI saGgati kisa prakAra baiThAI jAe, yaha vivAdAspada hI hai| sambhavata: vilupta 'mahAparijJA' ko kama kara dene para prathama ke 8 adhyayana aura dUsare ke calA (nizItha) chor3akara 16 adhyayana mAne jAne para 24 adhyayanoM kI saGgati baiThAI jA sakatI hai jo eka vikalpa mAtra hai| isa para anya dRSTiyoM se bhI socA jA sakatA hai kyoMki vahAM 'mahAparijJA' ke lopa kA ullekha nahIM hai| jahAM taka AcArAGga kI viSayavastu ke nirUpaNa kA prazna hai, merI dRSTi meM zve0 paramparA ke AcAryoM ke sAmane upalabdha AcArAGga hI rahA hai kintu digambara AcAryoM ne mUlAcAra ko hI AcArAGga kA rUpa mAnakara usakI viSayavastu 308

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kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai kyoMki vahA~ jo gAthA uddhRta hai vaha mUlAcAra meM usI rUpa meM milatI hai| zve0 Agama sAhitya meM yaha gAthA dazavakAlika meM milatI hai, AcArAGga meM nhiiN| dazavakAlika grantha bhI muni ke AcAra kA hI pratipAdaka grantha hai| 2-sUtrakRtAGga (ka) zvetAmbara granthoM meM 1. samavAyAGga meM-sUtrakRtAGga meM svasamaya, parasamaya, svasamaya-parasamaya, jIva, ajIva, jIvAjIva, loka, aloka aura lokAloka sUcita kie jAte haiN| jIva, ajIva, puNya, pApa, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, bandha aura mokSa taka ke sabhI padArtha sUcita kie gae haiN| jo zramaNa alpakAla se hI pravrajita hue haiM aura jinakI buddhi khoTe samayoM (parasiddhAntoM) ko sunane se mohita tathA malina hai| unako pApakArI malinabuddhi ke durgaNoM ke zodhana ke lie kriyAvAdiyoM ke 180, akriyAvAdiyoM ke 84, ajJAnavAdiyoM ke 67 aura vainayikoM ke 32; ina saba 363 anyadRSTi-samayoM kA vyUhana karake svasamagra kI sthApanA kI gaI hai| nAnA dRSTAntayukta yukti-yukta vacanoM dvArA paramatoM kI nissAratA ko batalAyA gayA hai| aneka anuyogoM dvArA vividha prakAra se vistArakara, parasadbhAvaguNaviziSTa, mokSapatha ke avatAraka, udAra, ajJAnAndhakArarUpI durgoM ke lie dIpakarUpa, siddhi aura sugati ke lie sopAnarUpa, vikSobha aura niSprakampa sUtrArtha haiM / ___ aGgoM ke krama meM yaha dUsarA aGga hai| isameM 2 zrutaskandha, 23 adhyayana, 33 uddezanakAla, 33 samuddezanakAla aura 36 hajAra pada haiN| vAcanAdi kA vivecana AcArAGgavat hai| samavAyAGga meM sUtrakRtAGga ke 23 adhyayana bhI ginAye gaye haiM-1-1-samaya, 2-vaitAlika, 3-upasargaparijJA, 4-strIparijJA, 5-narakavibhakti, 6-mahAvIrastuti, 7-kuzIlaparibhASita, 8-vIrya, 9-dharma, 10-samAdhi, 11-mArga, 12-samavasaraNa, 13-AkhyAtahita (yAthAtathya), 14-grantha, 15-yamatIta, 16-gAthA, 17-puNDarIka, 18-kriyAsthAna, 19-AhAraparijJA, 20-apratyAkhyAna kriyA, 21-anagArazruta, 22-ArdrAya aura 23-nAlandIya / / 2. nandIsUtra meM2-sUtrakRtAGga meM loka, aloka, lokAloka, jIva, ajIva, jIvAjIva, svasamaya, parasamaya aura svasamaya-parasamaya kI sUcanA kI jAtI hai| isameM 180 kriyAvAdiyoM, 84 akriyAvAdiyoM, 67 ajJAnavAdiyoM aura 32 vainayikoM ke, kula 363 paramatoM kA vyUhana karake svasamaya kI sthApanA kI gaI haiN| yaha dUsarA aGga haiN| isameM 2 zrutaskandha, 23 adhyayana, 33 uddezanakAla, 33 samuddezanakAla aura 36 hajAra pada haiN| zeSa vAcanAdi kA kathana AcArAGgavat hai| 3. vidhimArgaprapA meM3-isameM spaSTa rUpa se prathama zrutaskandha ke 16 aura dvitIya zrutaskandha ke 7 adhyayana ginAye gae haiN| dvitIya zrutaskandha ke adhyayanoM ko mahAdhyayana kahA hai| samavAyAGga meM kathita sUtrakRtAGga ke 23 adhyayana ho yahA~ ginAye haiM parantu kahIM-kahIM kiJcit nAmabheda hai| yathA 5vAM vIrastuti, 13vAM ahatahaM, 14 vA~ gandha (sambhavata: yaha lipipramAda hai), 20vAM pratyAkhyAnakriyA aura 21vAM angaar| (kha) digambara granthoM meM 1. tattvArthavArtika meM4-sUtrakRtAGga meM jJAnavinaya, prajJApanA, kalpyAkalpya, chedopasthApanA aura vyavahAradharmakriyA kA prarUpaNa haiN| 2. dhavalA meM 5- sUtrakRtAGga meM 36 hajAra pada haiN| yaha jJAnavinaya, prajJApanA, kalpyAkalpya, chedopasthApanA aura vyavahAradharmakriyA kA nirUpaNa karatA hai| svasamaya aura parasamaya kA bhI nirUpaNa karatA hai| 3. jayadhavalA meM6- sUtrakRtAGga meM svasamaya aura parasamaya kA varNana hai| isake sAtha hI isameM strIsambandhI-pariNAma, klIvatA, asphuTatva (mana kI bAtoM ko spaSTa na kahanA), kAmAveza, vilAsa, AsphAlanasukha, puruSa kI icchA karanA Adi strI ke lakSaNoM kA prarUpaNa hai| 4. aGgaprajJapti meM7 - sUtrakRtAGga meM 36 hajAra pada haiN| yahAM sUtrArtha tathA usake karaNa ko saMkSepa se sUcita kiyA gayA hai| jJAna-vinaya Adi, nirvighna adhyayana Adi, sarva satkriyA, prajJApanA, sukathA, kalpya, vyavahAravRSakriyA, chedopasthApanA, yatisamaya, parasamaya aura kriyAbhedoM kA anekazaH kathana hai| 5. pratikramaNagranthatrayI TIkA ( prabhAcandrakRta ) meM8- sUtrakRtAGga ke 23 adhyayanoM ke nAma tathA unameM pratipAdita viSayoM kA kathana hai| samavAyAGgokta adhyayana-nAmoM se isake nAmoM meM kucha bhinnatA hai| (ga) vartamAna rUpa 309

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isameM dhArmika upadezoM ke sAtha mukhyataH anya matAvalambiyoM kA khaNDana hai| isake do zrutaskandha haiN| prathama zrutaskandha prAcIna hai aura dUsarA prathama zrutaskandha ke pariziSTa ke samAna hai| bhArata ke dhArmika sampradAyoM kA jJAna karAne kI dRSTi se donoM zrutaskandha mahattvapUrNa haiN| prathama zrutaskandha meM 16 adhyayana haiM-1. samaya, 2. veyAliya, 3. upasargaparijJA, 4. strIparijJA, 5. narakavibhakti, 6. vIrastava, 7. kuzIla, 8. vIrya, 9. dharma, 10, samAdhi, 11. mArga, 12. samavasaraNa. 13. yAthAtathya (Ahattahiya), 14 grantha (parigraha), 15. AdAna yA AdAnIya (saGkalikA = zrRMkhalA; jamatIta yA yamakIya ye sabhI nAma sArthaka haiM) aura 16. gaathaa| dvitIya zrutaskandha ke 7 mahAdhyayana haiM-1 puNDarIka, 2. kriyAsthAna, 3. AhAraparijJA, 4. pratyAkhyAna kriyA 5. AcArabhuta va anagAra zruta, 6. ArdrakIya aura 7. nAlandIya yA naalndaa| (gha) tulanAtmaka vivaraNa isa Agama ke padoM kI saMkhyA meM ubhaya paramparA meM koI matabheda nahIM hai| paM0 kailAzacanda zAstrI ne isake nikAsa kI sambhAvanA dRSTivAda ke sUtra nAmaka bheda se kI hai kyoMki isakA nAma sUtrakRtAGga hai| jo cintya hai| tattvArthavArtika meM parasamaya ke kathana kA koI ullekha nahIM hai| jabaki samavAyAGga, nandI, dhavalA, jayadhavalA aura aGgaprajJapti meM parasamayakathana kA bhI ullekha hai| samavAyAGga aura nandI meM to sthAnAGga Adi meM bhI parasamaya-kathana kA ullekha hai jo eka prakAra se gItArtha (alaGkArika-kathana) mAtra hai| jayadhavalA meM spaSTarUpa se gyAraha aGgoM kA viSaya svasamaya hI batalAyA hai| phira bhI jayadhavalA meM jo sUtrakRtAGga kA viSaya parasamaya batalAyA gayA hai vaha upalabdha sUtrakRtAGga kA dyotaka hai| jayadhavalA meM strI-sambandhI vizeSa vaktavyoM kA kathana bhI batalAyA hai jo upalabdha Agama meM hai| samavAyAGga, vidhimArgaprapA aura pratikramaNagranthatrayI meM jina 23 adhyayanoM ke nAma batalAe haiM ve prAyaH paraspara samAna aura vartamAna rUpa se milate haiN| nandI meM kevala 23 adhyayana-saMkhyA kA ullekha hai, spaSTa nAma nahIM haiN| pratikramaNagranthatrayI ko chor3akara digambara granthoM meM isakA itanA spaSTa varNana anyatra kahIM nahIM milatA hai| AcArya bhadrabAhukRta sUtrakRtAGga niyukti meM sUtrakRtAGga ke tIna nAmoM kA ullekha hai-sUtagaDaM ( sUtakRta ), sutakaDe ( sUtrakRta ) aura suyagaDe ( sUcIkRta ) / / 3-sthAnAGga (ka) zvetAmbara granthoM meM 1. samavAyAGga meM2- svasamaya, parasamaya, svasamaya-parasamaya, jIva, ajIva, jIvAjIva, loka, aloka aura lokAloka kI sthApanA kI gaI hai| dravya, guNa, kSetra, kAla aura paryAyoM kI prarUpaNA hai| zaila (parvata), nadI (gaGgAdi), samudra, sUrya, bhavana, vimAna, Akara (svarNAdi kI khAna), nadI (sAmAnya nadI), nidhi, puruSajAti, svara, gotra tathA jyotiSka devoM ke saJcAra kA varNana hai| ekavidha, dvividha se lekara dasavidha taka jIva, pudgala tathA lokasthAnoM kA varNana hai| aGgoM ke krama meM yaha tIsarA aGga hai| isameM 1 zrutaskandha, 10 adhyayana, 21 uddezanakAla, 21 samuddezanakAla aura 72 hajAra pada haiM / vAcanAdi kA kathana AcArAGgavat hai / / 2. nandIsUtra meM3 - jIva, ajIva, jIvAjIva, svasamaya, parasamaya, svasamayaparasamaya, loka, aloka aura lokAloka kI sthApanA kI gaI hai| isameM TaGka (chinna taTa), kUTa (parvatakUTa), zaila, zikhari, prAgbhAra, kuNDa, guhA, Akara, tAlAba aura nadiyoM kA kathana hai| zeSa kathana samavAyAGga kI taraha hai-parantu yahA~ ekAdi krama se vRddhi karate hue 10 prakAra ke padArthoM ke kathana kA ullekha nahIM hai| isameM saMkhyAta saMgrahaNiyoM kA atirikta kathana hai| 3. vidhimArgaprapA meM4 - sthAnAGga meM eka zrutaskandha hai| eka sthAna, dvisthAna Adi ke krama se dasasthAna nAma vAle 10 adhyayana haiN| (kha) digambara granthoM meM - 1. tattvArthavArtika meM5-sthAnAGga meM aneka AzrayavAle arthoM kA nirNaya hai| 2. dhavalA meM - sthAnAGga meM 42 hajAra pada haiN| eka se lekara uttarottara eka-eka adhika sthAnoM kA varNana haiM / jaisejIva kA 1 se 10 saMkhyA taka kA kathana-- ekko ceva mahappA so duviyappo tilakkhaNo bhnnido| cadusaGkamaNAjutto paJcaggaguNappahANo y|| chakkApakkamajutto uvagutto sattabhaMgisabbhAvo / 310

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aTThAsavo NavaTTho jIvo dasaTThANio bhaNio / / 3. jayadhavalA meM7 - sthAnAGga meM jIva aura pudgalAdika ke eka se lekara ekottara krama (2,3,4 Adi) se sthAnoM kA varNana hai| dhavalA meM kathita 'ekko ceva mahappA' gAthA bhI uddhRta hai| 4. aGgaprajJapti meM -sthAnAGga meM 42 hajAra pada haiN| ekAdi krama se sthAna bheda haiM, jaise-saMgraha naya se jIva eka hai| saMsArI aura mukta ke bheda se (vyavahAra naya se) jIva do haiN| utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya ke bheda se jIva tIna prakAra kA hai| cAra gatiyoM meM saMkramaNa karane se jIva cAra prakAra kA hai| pA~ca bhAvoM ke bheda se jIva pA~ca prakAra kA hai| pUrva, pazcima, dakSiNa, uttara, Urdhva aura adha:gamana karane ke kAraNa cha: prakAra kA jIva hai| syAdasti, syAnnAsti, syAdubhaya, syAdavaktavya syAd astyavaktavya, syAnnAsti avaktavya aura syAdubhaya-avaktavya ke bheda se jIva sAta prakAra kA hai| ATha prakAra ke karmoM se yukta hone se jIva ATha prakAra kA hai| navarthaka (navapadArthaka) hone se jIva nau prakAra kA hai| pRthivI, jala, teja, vAyu, pratyeka, nigoda, dvi, tri, catuH tathA pA~ca indriyoM ke bheda se 10 prakAra kA jIva hai| isI prakAra pudgala nAma se ajIva eka hai| aNu aura skandha ke bheda se ajIva pudgala do prakAra kA hai| isI prakAra anyatra bhI jAnanA caahie| (ga) vartamAna rUpa isameM eka sthAnika, dvisthAnika Adi 10 sthAna yA adhyayana haiM jinameM eka se lekara dasa taka kI saMkhyA ke arthoM kA kathana hai| isameM lokasammata garbhadhAraNa Adi viSayoM kA bhI kathana hai| isameM ATha nihnavoM meM se "boTika" ko chor3akara kevala sAta nihnavoM kA kathana hai| isase jJAta hotA hai ki isake racanAkAla taka jainoM meM sampradAyabheda nahIM huA thaa| isa taraha isameM vastu kA nirUpaNa saMkhyA kI dRSTi se kiyA gayA hai, jisase yaha saMgraha pradhAna koza-zailI kA grantha ho gayA hai| (gha) tulanAtmaka vivaraNa digambara aura zvetAmbara granthokta pada saMkhyA meM antara hai| isake 10 adhyayana haiM aisA spaSTa kathana samavAyAGga Adi zvetAmbara granthoM meM to hai, parantu digambara granthoM meM nahIM hai| dhavalA meM jIvAdi ke 1 se 10 saMkhyA taka ke kathana kA spaSTa ullekha hone se tathA jayadhavalA aura aGgaprajJapti meM tadanurUpa hI udAharaNa milane se yaha sambhAvanA kI jA sakatI hai ki isameM 10 adhyayana rahe hoMge, parantu unakA vibhAjana saMkhyA ke AdhAra para rahA hogA yA viSaya ke AdhAra para yaha spaSTa rUpa se nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| digambara-granthokta zailI aura upalabdha Agama kI zailI meM spaSTa antara hai| samavAyAGga ke isa kathana se ki 'isameM ekavidha, dvividha se lekara dasavidha taka jIva, pudgala tathA lokasthAnoM kA varNana hai' spaSTa hI digambara zailI kA saGketa hai| tattvArthavArtikakAra kA yaha kathana ki 'isameM aneka AzrayavAle arthoM kA nirNaya hai' pUrNa spaSTa nahIM hai| yaha eka prakAra kA koza grantha hai jisakI zailI samavAyAGga se nizcita hI bhinna rahI hai| vartamAna sthAnAGga digambarokta sthAnAGga-zailI se sarvathA bhinna hai| Azcarya hai ki sthAnAGga meM 10 saMkhyA ke varNana prasaGga meM sthAnAGga ke 10 adhyayanoM kA ullekha nahIM hai, jo honA cAhie thaa| vartamAna Agama meM garbhadhAraNa Adi aneka laukika bAtoM kA samAveza kAlAntara meM kiyA gayA lagatA hai| 4-samavAyAGga (ka) zvetAmbara granthoM meM 1. samavAyAGga meM9 - svasamayAdi sUtrakRtAGgavat sUcita kie jAte haiN| isameM eka-eka vRddhi karate hue 100 taka ke sthAnoM kA kathana hai tathA jagat ke jIvoM ke hitakAraka bAraha prakAra ke zrutajJAna kA saMkSepa se samavatAra hai| nAnA prakAra ke jIvAjovoM kA vistAra se kathana hai| anya bhI bahuta prakAra ke vizeSa tattvoM kA kathana hai| naraka, tiryaJca, manuSya aura suragaNoM ke AhAra, ucchAsa, lezyA, AvAsa-saMkhyA, AyAma-pramANa, upapAta-cyavana, avagAhanA, upadhi, vedanA, vidhAna (bheda), upayoga, yoga, indriya, kaSAya, nAnA prakAra kI jIva-yoniyA~, parvata Adi ke viSkambha (caur3AI), utsedha (U~cAI), pariraya (paridhi) ke pramANa, mandara Adi mahIdharoM ke bheda, kulakara, tIrthaGkara, gaNadhara, samasta bharatakSetra ke svAmI, cakravartI, cakradhara (vAsudeva), haladhara (baladeva) Adi kA nirvacana hai| aGgoM ke krama meM yaha cauthA aGga hai| isameM 1 zrutaskandha, 1 adhyayana, 1 uddezana, 1 samuddezana aura 1 lAkha 44 hajAra pada haiN| vAcanAdi kA vivecana AcArAGgavat hai / / 311

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2. nandIsUtra meM - samavAyAGga meM jIvAdi kA (samavAyAGgavat) samAzraya kiyA gayA hai| ekAdi se vRddhi karate hue 100 sthAnoM taka ke bhAvoM kI prarUpaNA hai| dvAdaza gaNipiTaka kA saMkSepa se paricaya hai| zeSa zrutaskandhAdi tathA vAcanAdi kA kathana samavAyAGgavat hai| 3. vidhimArgaprapA meM' - isameM zrutaskandha, adhyayana aura uddezaka kA ullekha nahIM hai| (kha) digambara granthoM meM1. tattvArthavArtika meM2 - samavAyAGga meM sabhI padArthoM kA samavAya (samAnatA se kathana) hai| dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ke bheda se vaha samavAya 4 prakAra kA hai, jaise--(ka) dravya samavAya-dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, lokAkAza tathA eka jIva ke eka samAna asaMkhyAta pradeza hone se inakA dravyarUpa se samavAya hai (paryAyArthika naya se pradezoM ke dravyatva kI bhI siddhi hotI hai)| (kha) kSetra samavAya-jambUdvIpa, sarvArthasiddhi, apratiSThAna naraka tathA nandIzvaradvIpa kI eka bAvar3I ye saba 1 lAkha yojana vistAravAle hone se inakA kSetra kI dRSTi se samavAya hai| (ga) kAla samavAyautsarpiNI aura avasapaNI ye donoM 10 kor3Akor3I sAgara pramANa hone se inameM kAla samavAya hai| (gha) bhAva samavAyakSAyika samyaktva, kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana, yathAkhyAta cAritra ye saba ananta vizuddhirUpa hone se bhAva samavAya vAle haiN| 2. dhavalA meM3 - samavAyAGga meM 1 lAkha 64 hajAra padoM ke dvArA sabhI padArthoM ke samavAya kA kathana hai| samavAya 4 prakAra kA hai-dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhaav| jaise--(ka) dravya samavAya-dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, lokAkAza aura eka jIva ke pradeza paraspara samAna haiN| (kha) kSetra samavAya-sImantaka naraka (prathama indraka bila), mAnuSa kSetra, Rju vimAna (saudharma indra kA pahalA indraka) aura siddhaloka ye cAroM kSetra kI apekSA samAna haiN| (ga) kAla samavAya-eka samaya dUsare samaya ke samAna hai aura eka muhUrta dUsare muhUrta ke samAna hai| (gha) bhAva samavAya-kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana samAna haiM kyoMki jJeyapramANa jJAna-mAtra meM cetanA zakti kI upalabdhi hotI hai / 3. jayadhavalA meM" - samavAyAGga meM dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAvoM ke samavAya kA varNana hai| zeSa kathana prAyaH dhavalA ke samAna hai| 4. aGgaprajJapti meM 5-samavAyAGga meM 1 lAkha 64 hajAra pada haiN| saMgrahanaya se dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAvoM kI apekSA padArthoM ke sAdRzya kA kathana hai| zeSa kathana prAyaH dhavalA ke samAna hai| (ga) vartamAna rUpa yaha aGgagrantha bhI sthAnAGga kI zailI meM likhA gayA koza grantha hai| isameM 1 se vRddhi karate hue 100 samavAyoM kA varNana hai| eka prakIrNa samavAya hai jisameM 100 se Age kI saMkhyAoM kA samavAya batalAyA gayA hai| isake anta meM 12 aGga granthoM kA paricaya diyA gayA hai jo nandIsUtrokta zrutaparicaya se sAmya rakhatA hai| jisase isake kucha aMzoM kI paravartitA siddha hotI hai| (gha) tulanAtmaka samIkSA digambara aura zvetAmbara granthoM meM batalAI gaI isakI padasaMkhyA meM kucha antara hai| digambaroM ke sabhI granthoM meM isa grantha kA viSaya eka jaisA batalAyA hai| udAharaNa meM yatkiJcit antara hai| samavAyAGga aura nandI meM 100 samavAyoM tathA zrutAvatAra kA ullekha hai jo vartamAna Agama meM dekhA jAtA hai| vartamAna Agama meM eka prakIrNa samavAya bhI hai jisameM 100 se adhika ke samavAyoM kA kathana hai| vidhimArgaprapA meM adhyayanAdi ke vibhAjana kA niSedha hai| usameM 100 samavAya aura zrutAvatAra kA bhI ullekha nahIM hai jo cintya hai| digambara granthoM meM bhI 100 samavAya tathA zrutAvatAra kA ullekha nahIM hai| vahA~ dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ke bheda se 4 prakAra ke samavAya dvArA sabhI padArthoM ke vivecana kA nirdeza hai| isa taraha upalabdha Agama kI zailI digambara-granthokta zailI se bhinna hai| upalabdha Agama kI zailI upalabdha sthAnAGga jaisI (saMgraha-pradhAna) hI hai| vastuta: sthAnAGga aura samavAyAGga kI zailI meM antara honA cAhie thaa| digambara granthokta sthAnAGga aura samavAyAGga kI zailI meM antara hai| digambara granthokta sthAnAGga aura samavAyAGga kI do zailiyoM se upalabdha sthAnAGga aura samavAyAGga kI zailI bhinna prakAra kI hai| 5-vyAkhyAprajJapti (bhagavatI) (ka) zvetAmbara granthoM meM1. samavAyAGga meM - vyAkhyAprajJapti meM nAnAvidha deva, narendra, rAjarSi tathA aneka saMzayagrastoM ke praznoM ke bhagavAn jinendra 312

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ne vistAra se uttara diye haiN| dravya, guNa, paryAya, kSetra, kAla, pradeza, pariNAma, yathAsthitibhAva, anugama, nikSepa, naya, pramANa aura sunipuNa upakramoM ke vividha prakAroM ke dvArA prakaTa rUpa se prakAzaka, lokAloka kA prakAzaka, saMsAra-samudra se pAra utArane meM samartha, surapati se pUjita, bhavya janoM ke hRdaya ko Anandita karane vAle, tama:raja-vidhvaMzaka, sudRSTadIpakarUpa, IhAmati-buddhivarddhaka, pUre (anyUna) 36 hajAra vyAkaraNoM (praznoM ke uttara) ko dikhAne se vyAkhyAprajJapti sUtrArtha ke aneka prakAroM kA prakAzaka, ziSyoM kA hitakAraka aura guNoM se mahAn artha vAlA hai| svasamayAdi kA kathana pUrvavat hai| aGgoM ke krama meM yaha 5vAM aGgagrantha hai| isameM 1 zrutaskandha, 100 se kucha adhika adhyayana, 10 hajAra uddezaka, 10 hajAra samuddezaka, 36 hajAra praznoM ke uttara tathA 84 hajAra pada haiN| vAcanAdi kA kathana AcArAGgavat hai| yahA~ vyAkhyAprajJapti ke lie 'vivAhapannattI' aura 'viyAhapannattI' donoM padoM kA prayoga huA hai| isake lie 'bhagavatI' pada kA bhI prayoga kiyA gayA hai tathA yahA~ bhI isake 84 hajAra pada batalAye gaye haiN| 2. nandIsUtra meM48 - vyAkhyAprajJapti meM jIvAdi kA kathana hai (pUrvavat) / samavAyAGgokta 'nAnAvidha devAdi0' yaha aMza yahA~ nahIM hai| yahA~ kevala "vivAhapannattI" zabda kA prayoga huA hai| pada parimANa do lAkha 88 hajAra batalAyA hai| zeSa kathana samavAyAGgavat hai| 3. vidhimArgaprapA meM' - vyAkhyAprajJapti ke lie 'bhagavatI' aura 'vivAhapannattI' donoM zabdoM kA prayoga eka sAtha kiyA gayA hai| isameM zrutaskandha nahIM haiN| 'zataka' nAmavAle 41 adhyayana haiM jo avAntara zatakoM ke sAtha kula 138 zataka haiN| isake 1923 1932 uddezaka batalAye haiN| (kha) digambara granthoM meM 1. tattvArthavAtika meM 51_"jIva hai yA nahIM hai" ityAdi rUpa se 60 hajAra praznoM ke uttara vyAkhyAprajJapti meM haiN| 2.dhavalA meM52- isameM 2 lAkha 28 hajAra padoM ke dvArA kyA jIva hai ? kyA jIva nahIM hai ? ityAdi rUpa se 60 hajAra praznoM ke vyAkhyAna haiN| 3. jayadhavalA meM3 - isameM 60 hajAra praznoM tathA 96 hajAra chinnacchedoM se janita zubhAzubhoM kA varNana hai| 4. aGgaprajJapti meM4 - ise mUla gAthA meM 'vivAyapaNNatti' kahA hai tathA isakI saMskRta chAyA meM 'vipAkaprajJapti' kahA hai| isameM jIva haiM, nahIM hai, nitya hai, anitya hai Adi 60 hajAra gaNi prazna haiN| padasaMkhyA 228000 hai| (ga) vartamAna rUpa isameM gautama gaNadhara praznakartA haiM tathA bhagavAna mahAvIra uttara pradAtA haiN| isa zailI kA spaSTa ullekha tattvArthavArtika meM milatA hai-"evaM hi vyAkhyAprajJaptidaNDakeSu uktam......" iti gautamaprazne bhagavatA uktm'| isa grantha kA prArambha maGgalAcaraNa pUrvaka hotA hai| aisA kisI anya aGga grantha meM nahIM haiN| prArambha ke 20 zataka prAcIna haiN| vebara ke anusAra bAda ke 21 zataka pIche se jor3e gae haiN| rAyapaseNIya, pannavaNA Adi aGga bAhya granthoM ke bhI ullekha isameM milate haiN| bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke ziSyoM kI bhI carcA hai| jayanti zrAvikA kA bhI kathana hai| indrabhUti, agnibhUti aura vAyubhUti gaNadharoM ke to nAma haiM parantu sudharmA gaNadhara kA nAma nahIM hai| paudhe, lezyA, karmabandha, samavasaraNa, tretA, dvApara, kaliyuga, brAhmI-lipi Adi kA varNana hai| vyAkhyAtmaka kathana hone se ise vyAkhyAprajJapti kahate haiM tathA pUjya aura vizAla hone se ise 'bhagavatI' bhI kahate (gha) tulanAtmaka vivaraNa isake pada-pramANa ke sambandha meM digambara granthoM meM to ekarUpatA hai, parantu zvetAmbaroM ke samavAyAGga aura nandIsUtra meM ekarUpatA nahIM hai| isa taraha padapramANa ke sambandha meM 3 mata haiM(1) digambara granthoM kA, (2) samavAyAGga kA aura (3) nandIsUtra kA / nandI meM AcArAGga se vyAkhyAprajJapti taka spaSTa rUpa se kramaza: dugunA-dugunA pada-pramANa batalAyA gayA hai, parantu samavAyAGga meM aisA nahIM kiyA gayA hai| samavAyAGga meM do sthAnoM para padasaMkhyA ullikhita huI hai| aura donoM sthAnoM para 84 hajAra pada batalAe haiN| praznoM ke uttaroM kI saMkhyA ke sandarbha meM bhI 3 mata milate haiM (1) zvetAmbara granthoM meM 36 hajAra, (2) tattvArthavArtika, dhavalA aura aGgaprajJapti meM 60 hajAra aura (3) jayadhavalA meM 60 hajAra praznottaroM ke sAtha 96 hajAra chinnaccheda / vartamAna vyAkhyAprajJapti kI digambara ullekhoM se bhinnatA hai| isameM gautama kA praznakartA honA aura sudharmA kA nAma na honA cintya hai| gautama kA praznakartA honA digambaroM ke anukUla hai| isa grantha kA kucha aMza nizcaya hI 313

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prAcIna dRSTigocara hotA hai, parantu rAyapaseNIya Adi aGgabAhya granthoM ke ullekhoM, samavAyAGga Adi meM nirdiSTa viSayavastu se bhinnatA hone, maGgalAcaraNa hone Adi kAraNoM se isake kucha aMzoM ko bAda meM jor3A gayA hai| isa grantha kA bhagavatI nAma zvetAmbaroM meM prasiddha hai| samavAyAGga aura vidhimArgaprapA meM isa nAma kA prayoga bhI milatA hai| isa grantha ke prAkRta nAma kaI haiN| gommaTasAra jIvakANDa meM ise 'vikkhApaNNattI' kahA hai jo vyAkhyAprajJapti ke adhika nikaTa pratIta hotA hai, parantu yaha nAma dhavalA Adi meM na hone se jJAta hotA hai ki yaha nAma bAda meM saMskRta ke svara-vyaJjana-parivartana ke AdhAra para diyA gayA hai| 6-jJAtAdharmakathA (ka) zvetAmbara granthoM meM 1. samavAyAGga meM - jJAtAdharmakathA meM jJAtoM ke (1) nagara, (2) udyAna, (3) caitya, (4) vanakhaNDa, (5) rAjA, (6) mAtA-pitA, (7) samavasaraNa, (8) dharmAcArya, (9) dharmakathA, (10) ihalaukikapAralaukika RddhivizeSa, (11) bhogaparityAga, (12) pravrajyA, (13) zrutaparigraha, (14) tapopadhAna, (15) paryAya (dIkSA paryAya), (16) sallekhanA, (17) bhaktapratyAkhyAna, (18) pAdapopagamana, (19) devalokagamana, (20) sukulapratyAgamana, (21) puna: bodhilAbha (samyaktvaprApti) aura (22) antakriyAoM kA varNana hai| __isameM (1) zreSTha jina-bhagavAn ke zAsana kI saMyamarUpI pravrajitoM kI vinayapradhAna pratijJA ke pAlana karane meM jo dhRti, mati, aura vyavasAya (puruSArtha) se durbala, (2) tapa-niyama, tapopadhAnarUpa yuddha-durdhara bhAra ko vahana karane meM asamartha hone se parAGgamukha, (3) ghora parISahoM se parAjita hokara siddhAlaya prApti ke kAraNabhUta mahAmUlya jJAnAdi se patita, (4) viSaya sukhoM ko tuccha AzA ke vazIbhUta hokara rAgAdi doSoM se mUchita, (5) cAritra, jJAna aura darzana kI virAdhanA se sarvathA ni:sAra aura zUnya, (6) saMsAra ke apAra duHkharUpa durgatiyoM ke bhavaprapaJca meM patita aise patita puruSoM kI kathAe~ jo dhIra haiM, parISahoM aura kaSAyoM ko jItane vAle haiM, dharma ke dhanI haiM, saMyama meM utsAhayukta haiM, jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura samAdhiyoga kI ArAdhanA karane vAle haiM, zalyarahita hokara zuddha siddhAlaya ke mArga kI ora abhimukha haiM aise mahApuruSoM kI kathAyeM haiN| jo devaloka meM utpanna hokara devoM ke anupama sukhoM ko bhogakara kAlakrama se vahAM se cyuta hokara punaH mokSamArga ko prAptakara antakriyA se vicalita (antasamaya meM vicalita) ho gae haiM unakI puna: mokSamArgasthiti kI kathAyeM haiN| aGgakrama meM yaha chaThA aGga hai| isameM 2 zrutaskandha aura 19 adhyayana haiM jo saMkSepa se do prakAra ke haiM-carita aura klpit| isameM 29 uddezanakAla, 29 samuddezanakAla aura saMkhyAta sahasra pada haiN| isameM dharmakathAoM ke 10 varga haiN| pratyeka varga meM 500-500 AkhyAyikAyeM haiM, pratyeka AkhyAyikA meM 500-500 upAkhyAyikAyeM haiM, pratyeka upAkhyAyikA meM 500500 AkhyAyikA-upAkhyAyikAyeM haiM / isa taraha pUrvApara saba milAkara sAr3he tIna karor3a apunarukta kathAyeM haiN| zeSa vAcanA Adi kA kathana AcArAGgavat hai / 2. nandIsUtra meM - isameM jJAtAdharmakathA kI viSayavastu prAyaH samavAyAGgavat hI batalAI hai| krama meM antara hai| 'patita pravrajita puruSoM kI kathAyeM haiM, yaha pairAgrApha nahIM hai| uddezana kAla 19 aura samuddezanakAla bhI 19 batalAye haiN| 3. vidhimArgaprapA meM - isameM do zrutaskandha haiM-jJAtA aura dhrmkthaa| jJAtA ke 19 adhyayana haiM-(1) utkSipta, (2) saGghATa, (3) aNDa, (4) kUrma, (5) zailaka, (6) tumbaka, (7) rohiNI, (8) mallI, (9) mAkandI, (10) candimA, (11) dAvadrava, (12) udaka, (13) maNDuka, (14) tetalI, (15) nandiphala, (16) avarakaGkA, (17) AkIrNa, (18) susumA aura (19) punnddriik| dharmakathAoM ke 10 varga haiM jinameM kramaza: 10/10/4/4/32/32/4/4/8/8/ adhyayana haiN| (kha) digambara granthoM meM - 1. tattvArthavArttika meM1- NANakahA meM aneka AkhyAnoM aura upAkhyAnoM kA varNana hai| 2. dhavalA meM2 - nAthadharmakathA meM 5 lAkha 56 hajAra pada haiM jinameM sUtra-pauruSI-vidhi (siddhAntokta-vidhi) se tIrthaGkaroM kI dharmadezanA kA, gaNadharoM ke sandeha nivAraNa kI vidhi kA tathA bahuta prakAra kI kathA-upakathAoM kA varNana hai| 3. jayadhavalA meM - nAthadharmakathA meM tIrthaGkaroM kI dharmakathAoM ke svarUpa kA varNana hai| tIrthaGkara divyadhvani dvArA 314

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dharmakathAoM ke svarUpa kA kathana karate haiN| isameM unnIsa dharmakathAyeM haiN| 4. aGgaprajJapti meM4 - isameM 'NANakahA' tathA 'NAhakahA' donoM zabdoM kA prayoga hai jinakI saMskRta-chAyA 'jJAtRkathA' tathA 'nAthakathA' kI hai| puSpikA meM 'NAdAdhammakahA' likhA hai isameM 556000 pada haiN| ise nAthakathA ke kathana se saMyukta kahA hai -(nAtha = triloka svAmI, dharmakathA = tttv-sngkthn)| isameM gaNadhara, cakravartI aura indra ke dvArA prazna karane para daza dharma kA kathana yA jIvAdi vastu kA kathana hai / athavA jJAtR, tIrthaGkara, gaNi, cakri, rAjarSi, indra Adi kI dharmAnukathAdi kA kathana hai| (ga) vartamAna rUpa chaThe se gyArahaveM taka ke kathA-pradhAna aGga-granthoM meM sudharmA aura jambU svAmI ke lie aneka vizeSaNoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| kriyA pada anyapuruSa meM hai jisase lagatA hai ki inakA racayitA svayaM sudharmA yA jambU svAmI nahIM hai apitu unako pramANa mAnakara kisI anya vyakti ne racanA kI hai| isa kathA-grantha kI mukhya aura avAntara kathAoM meM AI huI aneka ghaTanAoM se tathA vividha prakAra ke varNanoM se tatkAlIna itihAsa aura saMskRti kI jAnakArI prApta hotI hai| isake do zrutaskandha haiMprathama zrutaskandha isameM 19 adhyayana haiM- (1) utkSipta (meghakumAra kI kathA), (2) saGghATaka (dhannAseTha), (3) aNDaka (campAnagarIvarNana tathA mayUra-aNDakathA), (4) kUrma (vArANasI nagarI-varNana tathA kachuA kI kathA), (5) zailaka (dvArakAvarNana tathA zailaka kI kathA), (6) tumbaka (rAjagRha kA varNana), (7) rohiNIjJAta (vadhU rohiNI kI kathA), (8) mallI (19veM tIrthaGkara kI kathA), (9) mAkandI (vaNika putra jinapAlita aura jinarakSita kI kathA), (10) candra, (11) dAvadrava (dAvadrava samudra taTa para sthita vRkSa kI kathA), (12) udakajJAta (kaluSita jalazodhana), (13) maNDuka jJAta yA da1rajJAta (nanda ke jIva mer3haka kI kathA), (14) tetaliputra, (15) nandIphala, (16) draupadI, (17) AkIrNa (jaGgalI azva), (18) susumA (seTha kanyA) aura (19) punnddriik| ina kathAoM meM kathA ko apekSA udAharaNa para vizeSa bala diyA gayA dvitIya zrutaskandha-viSaya aura zailI kI daSTi se yaha prathama zrutaskandha kI apekSA bhinna prakAra kA hai| isameM dharmakathAoM ke 10 varga haiM jinameM camara, bali, candra, sUrya, zakrendra, IzAnendra Adi devoM kI paTarAniyoM ke pUrvabhava kI kathAyeM haiN| ina paTarAniyoM ke nAma unake pUrvabhava (manuSya bhava) kI strIyoni se sambandhita haiN| jaise kAlI, rajanI, meghA aadi| (gha) tulanAtmaka vivaraNa yadyapi tattvArthavArtika meM aneka AkhyAna-upAkhyAna kahe haiM parantu jayadhavalA meM jJAtAdharma kI 19 dharmakathAoM ke kathana kA ullekha milatA hai jo sambhavataH 19 adhyayanoM kA dyotaka hai| isase tathA zve0 granthoM ke ullekha se eka bAta jJAta hotI hai ki mUlata: isameM 19 adhyayana rahe hoNge| dharmakathAoM ke 10 varga haiM jinameM 33 karor3a kathAyeM haiM' ityAdi kathana atiraJjanApUrNa hai| ina 10 dharmakathAoM kA sthAnAGga meM koI ullekha bhI nahIM milatA hai| zve0 granthokta saMkhyAta sahasra padasaMkhyA anizcita hai jabaki diga0 granthoM meM eka nizcita padasaMkhyA kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| samavAyAGgokta 29 uddezana aura 29 samuddezana kAla meM sambhavataH 19 adhyayana aura 10 dharmakathAoM ke varga ko jor3akara 29 kahA hai jabaki nandI meM mAtra 19 uddezana aura 19 samuddezana kAla kahe haiN| "jJAtA" zabda kA artha "udAharaNa" aisA jo TIkAkAra abhayadeva ne likhA hai vaha prApta kisI bhI uddharaNa se siddha nahIM hai| aisA unhoMne sambhavata: upalabdha Agama ke sAtha samanvaya karane kA prayatna kiyA hai anyathA yaha jJAtavaMzI (diga0 nAthavaMzI) bhagavAna mahAvIra kI dharmakathAoM se sambandhita rahA hai| aisA diga0 granthoM se spaSTa hai| jaba isa aGga grantha ke nAma ke zabdArtha para vicAra karate haiM to dekhate haiM ki diga0 ise nAthadharmakathA (NAhadhammakahA) kahate haiM aura zve0 jJAtRdharmakathA (NAyAdhamma kahA) 'jJAta' se zvetAmbara-mAnyatAnusAra jJAtRvaMzIya mahAvIra kA tathA 'nAtha' se digambaramAnyatAnusAra nAthavaMzIya mahAvIra kA hI bodha hotA hai| ataH bhagavAna mahAvIra se sambandhita yA unake dvArA upadiSTa dharma kathAoM kA ho saJcayana isameM honA caahie| dharmacyutoM ko puna: dharmArAdhanA meM saMsthApita karanA una kathAoM kA uddezya rahA hai aisA samavAyAGga aura nandI ke ullekhoM se spaSTa hai| samavAyAGga se jJAta hotA hai ki isameM tIna prakAra kI kathAyeM thIM(1) patitoM kI, (2) dRr3ha dhArmikoM kI aura (3) dharmamArga se vicalita hokara punaH dharmamArga kA Azraya lene vAloM kii| 315

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7-upAsakadazA (ka) zvetAmbara granthoM meM1. sthAnAGga meM - isake 10 adhyayana haiM-Ananda, kAmadeva, cUlanIpitA, surAdeva, cullazataka, kuNDakolika, saddAlaputra, mahAzataka, nandinIpitA aura leyikaapitaa| 2. samavAyAGga meM - isameM upAsakoM ke nagara, udyAna, caitya, vanakhaNDa, rAjA, mAtA-pitA, samavasaraNa, dharmAcArya, dharmakathAyeM, ihalaukika-pAralaukika RddhivizeSa, zIlavrata-viramaNa-guNa-pratyAkhyAna-proSadhopavAsa pratipatti, suparigraha (zrutaparigraha), tapopadhAna, pratimA, upasarga, sallekhanA, bhaktapratyAkhyAna, pAdapopagamana, devalokagamana, sukulapratyAgamana, punaH bodhilAbha aura antakriyA kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| upAsakadazA meM upAsakoM (zrAvakoM) ke RddhivizeSa, pariSada, vistRta dharmazravaNa, bodhilAbha Adi ke krama se akSaya sarva-duHkhamukti kA varNana haiN| aGgoM ke krama meM sAtavAM aGga hai-1 zrutaskandha, 10 adhyayana, 10 uddezanakAla, 10 samuddezanakAla aura saMkhyAta lAkha pada haiN| zeSa vAcanAdi kA kathana AcArAGgavat hai| 2. nandIsUtra meM7 - isameM prAyaH samavAyAGgavat varNana hai| krama meM antara hai| upAsakoM ke RddhivizeSa, pariSad Adi vAlA aMza yahAM nahIM hai| pada-saMkhyA saMkhyAta sahasra batalAI hai| 3. vidhimArgaprapA meM - isameM eka zrutaskandha tathA 10 adhyayana haiN| adhyayanoM ke nAma haiM-1. Ananda, 2. kAmadeva, 3. cUlanIpitA, 4. surAdeva, 5. cullazataka, 6. kuNDakolika, 7. saddalaputra, 8. mahAzataka, 9. nandinIpitA aura 10. letiaapitaa| (kha) digambara granthoM meM1. tattvArthavArtika meM - zrAvakadharma kA kathana hai| 2. dhavalA meM - upAsakAdhyayana meM 1170000 pada haiM jinameM dArzanika, vratika, sAmAyikI, prISadhopavAsI, sacittavirata, rAtribhuktivirata, brahmacArI, Arambhavirata, parigrahavirata, anumativirata aura uddiSTavirata ina 11 prakAra ke upAsakoM ke (zrAvakoM ke) lakSaNa, unake vratadhAraNa karane kI vidhi tathA AcaraNa kA varNana hai| 3. jayadhavalA meM - dArzanika Adi 11 prakAra ke upAsakoM ke gyAraha prakAra ke dharma kA varNana upAsakAdhyayana meM hai| 4. aGgaprajJapti meM2 - upAsakAdhyayana meM 117000 pada haiM jinameM dArzanika Adi 11 prakAra ke dezaviratoM (zrAvakoM) ke zraddhA, dAna, pUjA, saGghasevA, vrata, zIlAdi kA kathana hai| (ga) vartamAna rUpa isameM upAsakoM ke AcArAdi kA varNana hai| upoddhAta jJAtAdharmakathAvat hai| Ananda Adi jina 10 upAsakoM ke nAma sthAnAGga aura vidhimArgaprapA meM haiM unakI hI kathAyeM isameM haiN| sabhI kathAyeM eka jaisI haiM unameM kevala nAmAdi kA antara hai| (gha) tulanAtmaka vivaraNa yaha ekamAtra aisA aGgagrantha hai jisameM upAsakoM ke AcAra Adi kA varNana kiyA gyaa| hai, aisA diga0 aura zve0 donoM ke ullekhoM se pramANita hotA hai| 'dazA' zabda 10 saMkhyA kA bodhaka hai| isa taraha yaha aGga-grantha svanAmAnurUpa hai| dhavalA aura jayadhavalA meM upAsakoM kI 11 pratimAoM kA bhI ullekha hai parantu tattvArthavArtika meM aisA ullekha nahIM hai| samavAyAGga aura nandI meM 'pratimA' zabda to milatA hai parantu pratimA ke dArzanika Adi nAma nahIM haiN| zIlavrata Adi zabdoM kA bhI prayoga samavAyAGga aura nandI meM milatA hai| samavAyAGga aura nandI meM Ananda Adi 10 upAsakoM ke nAmoM kA ullekha to nahIM hai parantu 10 adhyayana saMkhyA se 10 upAsakoM kI puSTi hotI hai| diga0 isa viSaya meM cupa haiN| vartamAna Agama meM sthAnAGgokta Ananda Adi 10 upAsakoM kI hI kathAyeM haiN| padasaMkhyA se sambandhita tIna prakAra ke ullekha haiM-(1) samavAyAGga meM saMkhyAta lAkha, (2) nandI meM saMkhyAta sahasra aura (3) dhavalA meM 11 lAkha 70 hjaar| upoddhAtAdi se yaha apekSAkRta paravartI racanA siddha hotI hai| zrAvakadharma kA pratipAdaka yaha prAcInatama grantha rahA hai aisA ubhaya paramparAnumata hai| 8-antakRddazA (ka) zvetAmbara granthoM meM1. sthAnAGga meM3 - isameM 10 adhyayana haiM-nami, mAtaGga, somila, rAmagupta, sudarzana, jamAlI, bhagAlI, kiGkaSa cilvaka 316

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(cillaka), pAla aura ambddputr| 2. samavAyAGga meM4 - isameM karmoM kA anta karane vAle antakRtoM ke nagara, udyAna, caitya, vanakhaNDa, rAjA, mAtA-pitA, samavasaraNa, dharmAcArya, dharmakathA, ihalaukika-pAralaukika RddhivizeSa, bhoga-parityAga, pravrajyA, zrutaparigraha, tapa-upadhAna, bahuta prakAra kI pratimAyeM, kSamA, Arjava, mArdava, satya, zauca, satraha prakAra kA saMyama, brahmacarya, AkiJcanya, tapa, tyAga samitiyoM tathA guptiyoM kA varNana hai| apramAdayoga, svAdhyAya aura dhyAna kA svarUpa, uttama saMyama ko prApta karake parISahoM ko sahana karane vAloM ko cAra ghAtiyA~ karmoM ke kSaya se prApta kevala jJAna, kitane kAla taka zramaNa paryAya aura kevali paryAya kA pAlana kiyA, kina muniyoM ne pAdopagamasaMnyAsa liyA aura kitane bhaktoM kA chedanakara antakRta munivara ajJAnAndhakAra se vipramukta ho anuttara mokSasukha ko prApta hue, una sabakA vistAra se varNana hai| aGgoM ke krama meM yaha AThavA~ aGga hai| isameM 1 zrutaskandha, 10 adhyayana, 7 varga, 10 uddezanakAla, 10 samuddezanakAla aura saMkhyAta hajAra pada haiN| zeSa vAcanAdi kA kathana AcArAGgavat hai| 3. nandIsUtra meM/5- isameM antakRtoM ke nagara, udyAna, caitya, vanakhaNDa, samavasaraNa, rAjA, mAtA-pitA, dharmAcArya, dharmakathA, ihaloka-paraloka RddhivizeSa, bhoga-parityAga, pravrajyA, paryAya (dIkSA paryAya), zrutaparigraha, tapopadhAna, sallekhanA, bhakta pratyAkhyAna, pAdapopagamana aura antakriyA (zailezIavasthA) kA varNana hai| isa AThaveM aGga meM eka zrutaskandha, 8 varga, 8 uddezanakAla aura 8 samuddezanakAla haiN| zeSa vAcanAdi kA kathana AcArAGgavat hai / / 4. vidhimArgaprapA meM - isa AThaveM aGga meM 1 zrutaskandha tathA 8 varga haiN| pratyeka varga meM kramaza: 10,8,13,10,10,16,13 aura 10 adhyayana haiN| (kha) digambara granthoM meM 1. tattvArthavArttika meM" -jinhoMne saMsAra kA anta kara diyA hai unheM antakRta kahate haiN| caubIsoM tIrthaGkaroM ke samaya meM hone vAle 10-10 antakRta anagAroM kA varNana hai jinhoMne dAruNa upasargoM ko sahanakara mukti prApta kii| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya ke 10 antakRta haiM-nami, mataGga, somila, rAmaputra, sudarzana, yamalIka, valIka, kiSkambala, pAla aura ambaSThaputra / antakRtoM kI dazA antakRddazA hai, ata: isameM arhat, AcArya aura siddha hone vAloM kI vidhi kA varNana hai| 2. dhavalA meM8 - 2328000 padoM ke dvArA isameM pratyeka tIrthaGkara ke tIrtha meM nAnA prakAra ke dAruNa upasargoM ko sahanakara, prAtihAyoM ( atizaya-vizeSoM ) ko prAptakara nirvANa ko prApta hue 10-10 antakRtoM kA varNana hai| tattvArthabhASya meM kahA hai-"saMsArasyAntaHkRto yeste'ntakRtaH" (jinhoMne saMsAra kA anta kara diyA hai, ve antakRta haiN)| vardhamAna tIrthaGkara ke tIrtha meM hone vAle 10 antakRta haiM-nami, mataGga, somila, rAmaputra, sudarzana, yamaloka, valIka, kiSkambila, pAlamba aura ambaSTaputra / isI prakAra RSabhadeva Adi tIrthaGkaroM ke tIrtha meM dUsare 10-10 antakRta hue haiN| ina sabakI dazA kA isameM varNana haiN| 3. jayadhavalA meM - isameM pratyeka tIrthaGkara ke tIrtha meM cAra prakAra ke dAruNa upasagoM ko sahana kara aura prAtihAryoM ko prAptakara nirvANa ko prApta hue sudarzana Adi 10-10 sAdhuoM kA varNana hai| 4. aGgaprajJapti meM - antakRta meM 2328000 pada haiM, jinameM pratyeka tIrthaGkara ke tIrtha ke 10-10 antakRtoM kA varNana hai / vardhamAna tIrthaGkara ke tIrtha ke 10 antakRtoM ke nAma dhavalAvat hai| (ga) vartamAna rUpa antakRta zabda kA artha hai-saMsAra kA anta karane vaale| isakA upoddhAta jJAtAdharmakathAvat hai| isameM 8 varga haiM prathama varga- isameM gautama, samudra, sAgara, gambhIra, thimia, ayala, kampilla, akSobha, paseNaI aura viSNu ina andhakavRSNi ke 10 putroM se sambandhita 10 adhyayana haiN| dvitIya varga- isameM 10 muniyoM ke 10 adhyayana haiN| tRtIya varga- isameM 13 muniyoM ke 13 adhyayana haiN| caturtha varga- isameM jAli Adi 10 muniyoM ke 10 adhyayana haiN| paJcama varga- isameM padmAvatI Adi 10 antakRta striyoM ke nAmavAle 10 adhyayana haiN| SaSTha varga- isameM 16 adhyayana haiN| saptama varga- isameM 13 adhyayana haiM, jinameM antakRta striyoM (sAdhviyoM) kI kathAyeM haiN| aSTama varga-isameM rAjA zreNika kI kAlI Adi 10 antakRta striyoM (sAdhviyoM) se sambandhita 10 adhyayana haiN| ina ATha vargoM ko tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaise (1) prathama pA~ca varga kRSNa aura vAsudeva se sambandhita vyaktiyoM kI kathA se sambandhita haiM, (2) SaSTha aura saptama varga bhagavAn mahAvIra ke ziSyoM (strI) kI kathA se 317

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sambandhita haiM tathA (3) aSTama varga rAjA zreNika kI kAlI Adi 10 bhAryAoM kI kathA se sambandhita haiN| (gha) tulanAtmaka vivaraNa sthAnAGga, tattvArthavArtika, dhavalA, jayadhavalA aura aGgaprajJapti meM nami Adi bhagavAna mahAvIra kAlIna 10 antakRtoM ke nAma prAyaH eka samAna milate haiM jisase jJAta hotA hai ki mUla meM inakA varNana rahA hai| samavAyAGga, nandI aura vidhimArgaprapA meM ina nAmoM kA ullekha nahIM milatA hai| digambara granthoM meM eka svara se kahA gayA hai ki isameM na kevala bhagavAna mahAvIra-kAlIna 10 antakRtoM kA varNana rahA hai apitu caubIsoM tIrthaGkaroM ke kAla ke 10-10 antakRtoM kA varNana rahA hai| vartamAna grantha meM na to 10 adhyayana haiM aura na nami Adi antakRtoM kA varNana hai| yaha paravartI racanA hai jisameM nami aura mahAvIra-kAlIna kucha antakRtoM kA varNana hai parantu pUrvokta nami Adi nAmoM se bhinnatA hai| sthAnAGga se isake kevala 10 adhyayanoM kA bodha hotA hai jabaki samavAyAGga se 10 adhyayanoM ke atirikta 7 vargoM kA bhI bodha hotA hai| nandI meM kevala 8 vargoM kA ullekha hai, adhyayanoM kA nahIM / vidhimArgaprapA meM 8 vargoM aura usake avAntara adhyayanoM kA kathana hai jo vartamAna Agama ke anurUpa hai sirpha dvitIya varga kI adhyayanasaMkhyA meM antara hai| 9-anuttaraupapAtikadazA (ka) zvetAmbara granthoM meM1. sthAnAGga meM1 - anuttaraupapAtikadazA meM 10 adhyayana haiM-RSidAsa, dhanya, sunakSatra, kArtika, saMsthAna, zAlibhadra, Ananda, tetalI, dazArNabhadra aura atimukt| 2. samavAyAGga meM2 - anuttaraupapAtikadazA meM anuttara vimAnoM meM utpanna hone vAle mahApuruSoM ke nagara, udyAna, caitya, vanakhaNDa, rAjA, mAtA-pitA, samavasaraNa, dharmAcArya, dharmakathA, ihalaukika-pAralaukika RddhiyA~, bhoga-parityAga, pravrajyA, zrutaparigraha, tapopadhAna, paryAya, pratimA, sallekhanA, bhaktapratyAkhyAna, pAdapopagamana, anuttara vimAnoM meM utpAda, sukulotpatti, punaH bodhilAbha aura antakriyA kA varNana hai| parama maGgalakArI, jagat hitakArI tIrthaGkaroM ke samavasaraNa Adi kA varNana hai| uttama dhyAna yoga se yukta hote hue jIva jisa prakAra anuttara vimAnoM meM utpanna hote haiM, vahA~ jaise viSayasukha kA bhoga karate haiM una sabakA varNana isameM kiyA gayA hai| pazcAt vahA~ se cyuta hokara ve jisa prakAra saMyama dhAraNakara antakriyA kareMge usa sabakA varNana hai| isa navama aGga meM eka zrutaskandha, dasa adhyayana, tIna varga, daza uddezanakAla, daza samuddezanakAla aura saMkhyAta lAkha pada haiN| zeSa vAcanAdi kA kathana AcArAGgavat hai| 3. nandIsUtra meM 3- isameM anuttaraupapAtikoM ke nagarAdi kA varNana hai| 1 zrutaskandha, 3 varga, 3 uddezanakAla, 3 samuddezanakAla tathA saMkhyAta sahasra pada haiN| zeSa vAcanAdi kA kathana AcArAGgavat hai| 4. vidhimArgaprapA meM4- isameM 1 zrutaskandha ora 3 varga haiN| pratyeka varga meM kramaza: 10, 13 aura 10 adhyayana haiM / jAli Adi adhyayanoM ke nAma haiN| (kha) digambara granthoM meM1. tattvArthavArtika meM5 - devoM kA upapAda janma hotA hai| vijaya, vaijayanta, jayanta, aparAjita aura sarvArthasiddhi ye pA~ca anuttara devoM ke vimAna haiN| pratyeka tIrthaGkara ke tIrtha meM aneka prakAra ke dAruNa upasagoM ko sahanakara pUrvokta anuttara vimAnoM meM utpanna hone vAle 10-10 muniyoM kA isameM varNana hone se ise anuttaraupapAdika kahate haiN| mahAvIra ke tIrtha ke 10 anuttaraupapAtika haiM-RSidAsa, vAnya, sunakSatra, kArtika, nanda, nandana, zAlibhadra, abhaya, vAriSeNa aura cilaatputr| athavA anuttaraupapAdikoM kI dazA, Ayu, vikriyA Adi kA isameM varNana hai| 2. dhavalA meM - isameM 9244000 pada haiM, jinameM pratyeka tIrthaGkara ke tIrtha meM utpanna hone vAle 10-10 anuttaraupapAdikoM kA varNana hai| mahAvIra ke tIrtha meM utpanna hone vAle 10 anuttaraupapAdikoM ke nAma 'uktaM ca tattvArthabhASye' kahakara tattvArthabhASyAnusAra die haiN| 3. jayadhavalA meM7 - isameM caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM ke tIrtha meM cAra prakAra ke dAruNa upasarga sahanakara anuttara vimAna ko prApta hue 10-10 munivaroM kA varNana hai| 4. aGgaprajJapti meM88 - isameM 9244000 padoM ke dvArA pratyeka tIrthaGkara ke tIrtha meM utpanna 10-10 anuttaraupapAdikoM kA varNana hai / vardhamAna tIrthaGkara ke tIrtha ke 10 anuttaraupapAdika muni haiM RjudAsa, zAlibhadra, sunakSatra, abhaya, dhanya, vAriSeNa, 318

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nandana, nanda, cilAtaputra aura kaartikey| (ga) vartamAna rUpa upapAda janma vAle deva aupapAtika kahalAte haiN| vijaya, vaijayanta, jayanta, aparAjita aura sarvArthasiddhi ke vaimAnika deva anuttara (zreSTha) kahalAte haiN| ata: jo upapAda janma se anuttaroM meM utpanna hote haiM, unheM anuttaraupapAtika kahate haiN| isa taraha isameM anuttaroM meM utpanna hone vAle manuSyoM kI dazA kA varNana haiN| isake tIna varga haiM jinameM 33 adhyayana haiM prathama varga-jAli, mayAli, upajAli, puruSasena, vAriSeNa, dIrghadanta, laSTadanta, vehalla, vehAyasa aura abhayakumAra se sambandhita 10 adhyayana haiN| dvitIya varga-dIrghasena, mahAsena, laSTadanta, guDhadanta, zuddhadanta, halla, duma, dumasena, mahAdrumasena, siMha, siMhasena, mahAsiMhasena aura puSpasena se sambandhita 13 adhyayana haiN| tRtIya varga-dhanyakumAra, sunakSatrakumAra, RSidAsa, pellaka, rAmaputra, candrika, pRSTimAtRka, peDhAlaputra, poTTilla aura vehalla se sambandhita 10 adhyayana haiN| (gha) tulanAtmaka vivaraNa digambara ullekhoM se jJAta hotA hai ki isa grantha meM antakRta-dazA kI taraha 24 tIrthaGkaroM ke tIrtha meM hone vAle 1010 anuttaraupapAdikoM kA varNana hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke kAla ke jina anaupapAdikoM ke nAmoM kA ullekha digambara granthoM meM milatA hai unameM se 5 nAma sthAnAGga meM zabdazaH milate haiN| sthAnAGga aura samavAyAGga meM isake 10 adhyayanoM kA ullekha hai| sthAnAGga meM nAma ginAe haiM aura samavAyAGga meM nhiiN| isake atirikta samavAyAGga meM tIna vargoM kA bhI ullekha hai parantu uddezana aura samuddezana kAla 10 hI batalAyA hai jo cintya hai| nandI meM adhyayanoM kA ullekha hI nahIM hai usameM tIna varga aura tIna uddezana kAlAdi kA hI kathana hai| vidhimArgaprapA meM tIna vargoM ke sAtha usake 33 adhyayanoM kA bhI nirdeza hai jinakA vartamAna Agama ke sAtha sAmya hai| vartamAna grantha meM kevala 3 nAma aise haiM jo sthAnAGga aura diga0 granthoM meM eka sAtha ukta haiN| pada saMkhyA samavAyAGga, nandI aura diga0 granthoM meM bhinna-bhinna hai| jJAtAdharmakathA kI taraha isameM upoddhAta bhI hai| ina saba kAraNoM se yaha paravartI racanA siddha hotI hai / 10-praznavyAkaraNa (ka) zvetAmbara granthoM meM1. sthAnAGga meM9 - isameM 10 adhyayana haiM-upamA, saMkhyA, RSibhASita, AcAryabhASita, mahAvIrabhASita, kSaumikaprazna, komalaprazna, Adarzaprazna, aGguSThaprazna aura baahuprshn| 2. samavAyAGga meM - isameM 108 prazna, 108 aprazna, 108 praznAprazna, vidyAtizaya tathA nAga-suparNo ke sAtha divyasaMvAda haiN| svasamaya-parasamaya ke prajJApaka pratyeka buddhoM ke vividha arthoM vAlI bhASAoM ke dvArA kathita vacanoM kA, AcAryabhASitoM kA, vIramaharSiyoM ke subhASitoM kA, Adarza (darpaNa), aGguSTha, bAhu, asi, maNi, kSauma (vastra) aura Aditya (sUrya)bhASitoM kA, abudhajanoM ko prabodhita karane vAle pratyakSa pratotikAraka praznoM ke vividha guNa aura mahAna arthavAle jinavarapraNIta uttaroM kA isameM varNana hai| aGgoM ke krama meM yaha 10vA~ aGga hai| isameM 1 zrutaskandha, 45 uddezanakAla, 45 samudezanakAla aura saMkhyAta lAkha pada haiN| zeSa vAcanAdi kA kathana AcArAGgavat hai| 3. nandIsUtra meM - isameM 108 prazna, 108 aprazna, 108 praznAprazna haiN| jaise-aGguSThaprazna, bAhuprazna, Adarza prazna, anya vicitra vidyAtizaya tathA nAga-suparNo ke sAtha divya sNvaad| zrutaskandha-saMkhyA Adi kA kathana samavAyAGgavat hI batalAyA hai parantu yahA~ 45 adhyayana aura saMkhyAt sahasrapadasaMkhyA batalAI hai| 4. vidhimArgaprapA meM2 - isameM 1 zrutaskandha hai| isake 10 adhyAyoM ke kramaza: nAma sAdAra, mRSAvAdadvAra, stenitadvAra, maithunadvAra, parigrahadvAra, ahiMsAdvAra, satyadvAra, astenitadvAra brahmacaryadvAra aura aparigrahadvAra / yahA~ koI 5-5 adhyayanoM ke do zrutaskandha bhI batalAte haiN| (kha) digambara granthoM meM1. tattvArthavArtika meM3 - 'praznAnAM vyAkaraNaM prshnvyaakrnnm'| isameM yukti aura nayoM ke dvArA aneka AkSepa aura vikSeparUpa praznoM ke uttara haiM jinameM sabhI laukika aura vaidika arthoM kA nirNaya kiyA gayA hai| 319

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2. dhavalA meM4 - isameM 9316000 pada haiM jinameM AkSepiNI (tattvanirUpikA) vikSepaNI, (svasamayasthApikA), saMvedanI (dharmaphalanirUpikA) aura nivedanI (vairAgyajanikA) ina cAra prakAra kI kathAoM kA varNana hai| AkSepiNI Adi kathAoM kA svarUpa tathA kauna kisa prakAra kI kathA kA adhikArI hai ? isakA bhI yahA~ ullekha kiyA gayA hai| anta meM prazna ke anusAra hata, naSTa, muSTi, cintA, lAbha, alAbha, sukha, duHkha, jIvita, maraNa, jaya, parAjaya, nAma, dravya, Ayu aura saMkhyA kA bhI prarUpaNa hai| 3. jayadhavalA meM5 - padasaMkhyA ko chor3akara zeSa kathana prAyaH dhavalAvat hai / 4. aGgaprajJapti meM - isakA vivecana dhavalAvat hai| (ga) vartamAna rUpa isameM pA~ca AsravadvAra aura pA~ca saMvaradvArarUpa 10 adhyayana haiM jinameM kramaza: hiMsA, jhUTha, adattAdAna, abrahmacarya, parigraha, ahiMsA, satya, adattAgrahaNa, brahmacarya aura aparigraha kA varNana hai| upoddhAta jJAtAdharmakathA kI hI taraha hai / isameM praznoM ke vyAkaraNa ( uttara ) nahIM haiN| (gha) tulanAtmaka vivaraNa upalabdha Agama sarvathA navIna racanA hai kyoMki isameM na to grantha ke nAmAnusAra praznottara zailI hai aura na upalabdha prAcIna ullekhoM se koI sAmya hai| vartamAna racanA kevala vidhimArgaprapA ke vaktavya se mela rakhatI hai| vidhimArgaprapA bahuta bAda kI racanA hai jo upalabdha Agama ko dRSTi meM rakhakara likhI gaI hai anyathA yahA~ nandI ko AdhAra honA cAhie thaa| sthAnAGga meM jina 10 adhyayanoM kA ullekha hai unase vartamAna 10 adhyayanoM ko dUra taka koI sAmya nahIM hai| nandI aura samavAyAGga meM jina vidyAtizayoM kA ullekha hai ve bhI nahIM haiN| isa sandarbha meM vRttikAra abhayadeva kA yaha kathana ki 'anadhikArI camatkArI-vidyAtizayoM kA prayoga na kareM ataH unheM haTA diyA gayA hai', samucita nahIM hai kyoMki kucha to avazeSa avazya milte| upoddhAta bhI ise nUtana racanA siddha karatA hai| sthAnAGga meM 10 adhyayana ginAe haiM aura nandI meM 45 adhyyn| samavAyAGga meM adhyayanoM kA ullekha to nahIM hai parantu usake 45 uddezana aura samuddezana kAla batalAe haiM jisase isake 45 adhyayanoM kI kalpanA ko jA sakatI hai| samavAyAGga ke 54292veM samavAya meM kahA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ne eka dina meM eka Asana se baiThe hue 54 praznoM ke uttara rUpa vyAkhyAna die| yahA~ kathita 54 saMkhyA cintya hai| samavAyAGga, nandI aura digambara granthoM meM pada-saMkhyA bhinna-bhinna hai| diga0 granthoM ke ullekhoM se jJAta hotA hai ki isameM AkSepa-vikSepa ke janaka praznoM ke uttara the tathA laukika evaM vaidika zabdoM kA nayAnusAra zabdArtha-nirNaya thaa| sthAnAGga meM kathita kSaumika prazna Adi se bhI isakI puSTi hotI hai| sambhavata: isake RSibhASita, AcAryabhASita aura mahAvIrabhASita aMza svatantra grantha ke rUpa meM prasiddha haiN| 11-vipAkasUtra (ka) zvetAmbara granthoM meM - 1. sthAnAGga meM7 - karmavipAka ke 10 adhyayana haiM-mRgAputra, gotrAsa, aNDa, zakaTa, brAhmaNa, nandiSeNa, zaurika, udumbara, sahasroddAha, Amaraka aura kumAralicchavI / 2. samavAyAGga meM8 - duSkRta aura sukRta karmoM ke phaloM kA varNana hone se yaha do prakAra kA hai-duHkhavipAka aura sukhvipaak| pratyeka ke 10-10 adhyayana haiN| duHkhavipAka meM duSkRtoM ke nagarAdi kA varNana hai tathA sukhavipAka meM sukRtoM ke nagarAdi kA varNana hai| prANAtipAta, asatyavacana Adi pApa karmoM se narakAdi gatiprAptirUpa duHkhavipAka hotA hai| zIla, saMyama Adi zubha bhAvoM se devAdigati-prApti (paramparayA mokSa-prApti) rUpa sukhavipAka hotA hai| ye donoM vipAka saMvega meM kAraNa haiN| aGgoM ke krama meM yaha gyArahavA~ aGga hai| isameM 20 adhyayana, 20 uddezanakAla, 20 samuddezanakAla aura saMkhyAta lAkha pada haiN| zeSa vAcanAdi kA kathana AcArAGgavat hai| 3. nandIsUtra meM - prAya: samavAyAGgavat kathana hai| isameM do zrutaskandha tathA saMkhyAta-sahasra pada kahe haiN| 4. vidhimArgaprapA meM100 - isameM do zrutaskandha haiN| prathama duHkhavipAka zrutaskandha meM 10 adhyayana haiM-mRgAputra, ujjhitaka, abhagnasena, zakaTa, bRhaspatidatta, nandivardhana, umbaridatta, zaurikadatta, devadattA aura anju| dvitIya sukhavipAka zrutaskandha ke 10 adhyayana haiM-subAhu, bhadranandi, sujAta, suvAsava, jinadAsa, dhanapati, mahAbala, bhadranandi, mahAcandra aura varadatta / (kha) digambara granthoM meM - 320

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1. tattvArthavArtika meM101- isameM puNya aura pApa karmoM ke phala ( vipAka ) kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| 2. dhavalA meM102 - isameM 18400000 pada haiM jinameM puNya aura pApa karmoM ke vipAka (phala) kA varNana hai| 4. aGgaprajJapti meM104 - dhavalA-jayadhavalAvat kathana hai / (ga) vartamAnarUpa isameM jJAtAdharmakathAvat upoddhAta hai / vipAka kA artha hai 'karmaphala' / yahA~ indrabhUti gautama saMsAra ke prANiyoM ko duHkhI dekhakara bhagavAna mahAvIra se usakA kAraNa pUchate haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra pAparUpa aura puNyarUpa karmoM ke phaloM kA kathana karake dharmopadeza dete haiN| isameM do zrutaskandha haiM (1) duHkhavipAka- isameM 10 adhyayana haiM jinameM kramaza: mugAputra, ujjhitaka (kAmadhvajA), abhagnasena (cora), zakaTa, bRhaspatidatta (purohitaputra), nandivardhana, umbaradatta (vaidya), zorika (soriyadatta machalImAra), devadattA aura anju kI kathAe~ haiN| inameM pApa karmoM ke pariNAmoM kA kathana hai| (2) sukhavipAka-isameM 10 adhyayana haiM jinameM kramazaH subAhukumAra, bhadranandI, sujAtakumAra, suvAsavakumAra, jinadAsa, dhanapati, mahAbala, bhadranandI, mahAcandra aura varadattakumAra kI kathAe~ haiN| inameM puNyakarmoM ke pariNAmoM kA kathana hai| yahA~ itanA vizeSa hai ki duHkhavipAka meM asatyabhASI aura mahAparigrahI kI tathA sukhavipAka meM satyabhASI aura alpaparigrahI kI kathAyeM nahIM haiM jo cintya haiN| (gha) tulanAtmaka vivaraNa - diga0 aura zve donoM ke ullekhoM se itanA to nizcita hai ki isameM karmoM ke duHkhavipAka aura sukhavipAka kA vivecana rahA hai| yadyapi isameM karmoM ke du:khavipAka aura sukhavipAka kA hI vivecana hai parantu isakI mUlarUpatA cintya hai| samavAyAGga, nandI aura vidhimArgaprapA ke anusAra adhyayanoM kI to saGgati baiTha jAtI hai parantu samavAyAGga meM isake do zrutaskandhoM kA ullekha nahIM hai| sthAnAGga meM 10 adhyayana hI batalAe haiN| yadyapi vahA~ kevala karmavipAka zabda kA prayoga hai, parantu vaha sambhavataH sampUrNa vipAkasUtra kA pratinidhi hai anyathA duHkhavipAka aura sukhavipAka ke 10-10 adhyayana pRthaka-pRthak ginAe jAte / vartamAna duHkhavipAka ke adhyayanoM ke sAtha sthAnAGkokta 10 adhyayanoM kA pUrNa sAmya nahIM hai| samavAyAGga ke 55veM samavAya meM kahA hai-"bhagavAn mahAvIra antima rAtri meM puNyaphala-vipAka vAle 55 aura pApaphala vipAkavAle 55 adhyayanoM kA pratipAdana karake siddha, buddha mukta ho ge|" isa kathana se prakRta grantha-yojanA saGgata nahIM baiThatI haiN| upoddhAta bhI isakI paravartitA kA sUcaka hai| 12 - dRSTivAda (ka) zvetAmbara granthoM meM - 1. sthAnAGga meM - isake 4 bheda ginAe haiM parikarma, sUtra, pUrvagata aura anuyog|105 dRSTivAda ke 10 nAmoM kA bhI ullekha haidRSTivAda, hetuvAda, bhUtavAda, tattvavAda (tattvavAda yA tathyavAda), samyagvAda, dharmavAda, bhASAvicaya (bhASAvijaya), pUrvagata, anuyogagata aura sarvaprANabhUtajIvasattvasukhAvaha / 105 isake atirikta utpAdapUrva kI 10 vastu aura AstinAstipravAda pUrva kI 10 cUlAvastu kA ullekha hai parantu nAma nahIM ginAe haiN| dravyAnuyoga ke 10 prakAra ginAe haiM-dravyAnuyoga, mAtRkAnuyoga, ekArthikAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, arpitAnarpitAnuyoga, bhAvitAbhAvitAnuyoga, bAhyAbAhyAnuyoga, zAzvatAzAzvatAnuyoga, tathAjJAnAnuyoga aura atathAjJAnAnuyoga 107 ariSTanemI ke samaya ke caturdazapUrvavettA muniyoM kI saMkhyA 400 batalAI hai|108 2. samavAyAGga meM109 - dRSTivAda meM saba bhAvoM kI prarUpaNA kI jAtI hai| saMkSepa se vaha 5 prakAra kA hai-parikarma, sUtra, pUrvagata, anuyoga aura cuulikaa|| (a) parikarma 7 prakAra kA hai-siddhazreNikA, manuSyazreNikA, pRSTazreNikA, avagAhanazreNikA, upasampadyazreNikA, viprajahatzreNikA aura cyutaacyutshrennikaa| (1) siddhazreNikA ke 14 bheda haiM mAtRkApada 19, ekArthakapada, arthapada, pAThapada, AkAzapada, ketubhUta, rAzibaddha, ekaguNa, dviguNa, triguNa, ketubhUta pratigraha, saMsArapratigraha, nandyAvarta aura siddhbddhaa| (2) manuSyazreNikA parikarma ke 14 bheda haiM-mAtRkApada se lekara pUrvokta nandyAvarta taka tathA mnussybddh| (3-7) pRSTazreNikA parikarma se lekara zeSa sabhI parikarmoM ke 11-11 bheda haiN| mUla meM inake bheda nahIM ginAe haiM, parantu nandI meM bhedoM ko ginAyA gayA hai| sambhavataH samavAyAGga ke anusAra inake bheda manuSyazreNikA parikarmavat baneMge, antima bheda kevala badalatA jaayegaa| pUrvokta sAtoM parikama svasAmayika (jainamatAnusArI) haiM, sAta AjIvikA matAnusArI haiM, cha: parikarma catuSkanaya 321

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vAloM ke haiM aura sAta trairAzika matAnusArI haiN| isa prakAra ye sAtoM parikarma pUrvApara bhedoM kI apekSA 83 (14 + 14+ 11 + 11 + 11 + 11 + 11) hote haiN| (A) sUtra-ye 88 hote haiN| jaise-Rjuka, pariNatApariNata, bahubhaGgika, vijayacaryA, anantara, parampara, samAna, sanjUha (saMyUtha), sambhinna, ahAccaya, sauvastika, nandyAvarta, bahula, pRSTApRSTa, vyAvRtta, evambhUta, dvayAvarta, vartamAnAtmaka, samabhirUDha, sarvatobhadra, paNAsa (paNNAsa) aura dussprtigrh| ye 22 sUtra svasamayasUtraparipATI meM chinnacchedanayika haiN| ye hI 22 sUtra AjIvikA sUtra paripATI se acchinnacchedanayika haiN| ye hI 22 sUtra trairAzika sUtra paripATI se trikanayika haiM aura ye hI 22 sUtra svasamaya sUtra paripATI se catuSkanayika haiN| isa taraha kula milAkara 22 x 4= 88 bheda sUtra ke haiN| (i) pUrvagata-isake 14 prakAra haiM-1. utpAdapUrva, 2. agrAyaNIyapUrva, 3. vIryapravAdapUrva, 4. astinAstipUrva, 5. jJAnapravAdapUrva, 6. satyapravAdapUrva,, 7. AtmapravAdapUrva, 8. karmapravAdapUrva, 9. pratyAkhyAnapravAdapUrva, 10. vidyAnupravAdapUrva, 11. abandhyapUrva, 12. prANAyupUrva, 13. kriyAvizAlapUrva aura 14. lokbindusaarpuurv| pUrvo kI vastue~ aura cUlikAyeM nimna prakAra haiM zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM paramparAnusAra pUrvakramAGka zve.vastu diga. vastu zve.cUlikA diga.cUlikA 00000000000000 (I) anuyoga - yaha do prakAra kA hai-(ka) mUlaprathamAnuyoga-isameM arhatoM ke pUrvabhava, devaloka gamana, devAyu, cyavana, janma, janmAbhiSeka, rAjyavarazrI, zivikA, pravrajyA, tapa, bhakta (AhAra) kevalajJAnotpatti, varNa, tIrthapravartana, saMhanana, saMsthAna zarIrauccatA, Ayu, ziSyagaNa, gaNadhara, AryA, pravartanI, caturvidha saGgha-parimANa, kevalijina, mana:paryAyajJAnI, avadhijJAnI, samyakzrutavAdI, anuttaravimAnoM meM utpanna hone vAle sAdhU, siddha, pAdapopagata, jo jahA~ jitane bhaktoM kA chedanakara uttama munivara antakRta hue, tamoraja se vipramukta hue, anuttarasiddhipatha ko prApta hue, ina mahApuruSoM kA tathA isI prakAra ke anya bhAva mUla-prathamAnuyoga meM kahe gae haiN| (kha) gaNDikAnuyoga-yaha aneka prakAra kA hai| jaisekulakaragaNDikA, tIrthaGkaragaNDikA, gaNadharagaNDikA, cakravartIgaNDikA, dazAragaNDikA, baladevagaNDikA, vAsudevagaNDikA, harivaMzagaNDikA, bhadrabAhugaNDikA, tapaHkarmagaNDikA, citrAntaragaNDikA, utsapiNIgaNDikA, avasarpiNIgaNDikA, devamanuSyatiryaJca aura naraka gati meM gamana, vividha yoniyoM meM parivartanAnuyoga ityAdi gaNDikAe~ isa gaNDikAnuyoga meM kahI jAtI haiN| (u) cUlikA- prathama 4 pUrvo kI hI zve0 meM cUlikAe~ mAnI gaI haiM, zeSa kI nahIM / diga0 meM aisA koI ullekha nahIM hai| aGgoM ke krama meM dRSTivAda 12vA~ aGga hai| isameM eka zrutaskandha, caudaha pUrva, saMkhyAta vastu, saMkhyAta cUlAvastu, saMkhyAta prAbhRta, prAbhUta-prAbhRta, prAbhRtika, prAbhRta-prAbhRtika haiN| pada saMkhyA saMkhyAta lAkha hai| zeSa vacanAdi kA kathana AcArAGgavat 3. nandIsUtra meM 112 - dRSTivAda meM sarvabhAvaprarUpaNA hai| nandI meM prAyaH samavAyAGga kI taraha hI dRSTivAda kI samagra viSayavastu 322

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batalAI gaI hai| kahIM-kahIM krama aura nAma meM yatkicit parivartana dRSTigocara hotA hai| yahA~ pRSTazreNikA Adi parikoM ke bheda ginAe haiM jabaki samavAyAGga meM nahIM haiN| dRSTivAda kI padasaMkhyA yahA~ saMkhyAta sahasra batalAI hai| 4. vidhimArgaprapA meM13 - dRSTivAda ko ucchinna batalAkara yahA~ kucha bhI kathana nahIM kiyA hai| (kha) digambara granthoM meM1. tattvArthavArttika meM14 - dRSTivAda meM 363 jainetara dRSTiyoM (kuvAdiyoM) kA nirUpaNa karake jainadRSTi se unakA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai / kautkala, kANeviddhi, kauzika, harismazru, mAMchapika, romaza, hArIta, muNDa, AzvalAyana Adi kriyAvAdiyoM ke 180 bheda haiN| marIcikumAra, kapila, ulUka, gArgya, vyAghrabhUti, vAdvali, mAThara, maudgalAyana Adi akriyAvAdiyoM ke 84 bheda haiN| sAkalya, vAlkala, kuthumi, sAtyamugra, nArAyaNa, kaTha, mAdhyandina, mauda, paippalAda, bAdarAyaNa, ambaSThi, kRdauvikAyana, vasu, jaimini Adi ajJAnavAdiyoM ke 67 bheda haiN| vaziSTha, parAzara, jatukarNi, vAlmIki, raumaharSiNi, satyadatta, vyAsa, elAputra, aupamanyava, indradatta, ayasthuNa Adi vainayikoM ke 32 bheda haiN| kula milAkara 363 matavAda haiN| dRSTivAda ke 5 bheda haiM-parikarma, sUtra, prathamAnuyoga, pUrvagata aura cUlikA / ina 5 bhedoM meM se kevala pUrvagata ke utpAdapUrva Adi 14 bhedoM kA tattvArthavAtika meM vivecana hai, zeSa kA nahIM, jo saMkSepa se nimna prakAra hai - (1) utpAdaparva-kAla, pudgala, jIva Adi dravyoM kA jaba jahA~ aura jisa paryAya se utpAda hotA hai, usakA varNana hai| (2) agrAyaNI pUrva- kriyAvAdiyoM kI prakriyA aura aGgAdi ke sva-samayaviSaya kA varNana hai| (3) vIryapravAda pUrva - chadmastha aura kevalI kI zakti, surendra aura daityendra kI RddhiyA~, narendra, cakravartI aura baladeva kI sAmarthya tathA dravyoM ke lakSaNa haiN| (4) astinAstipravAda pUrva - pA~ca astikAyoM kA artha tathA nayoM kA aneka paryAyoM ke dvArA 'asti-nAsti' kA vicaar| athavA chahoM dravyoM kA bhAvAbhAva-vidhi se, sva-para paryAya se, arpita-anarpitavidhi se vivecana hai| (5) jJAnapravAda pUrva- pA~coM jJAnoM tathA indriyoM kA vivecana hai| (6) satyapravAda pUrva-vacanagupti, vacanasaMskAra ke kAraNa, vacanaprayoga, bAraha prakAra kI bhASAyeM, dasa prakAra ke satya tathA vaktA ke prakAroM kA varNana hai| (7) AtmapravAda pUrva- AtmA ke astittva, nAstittva, nityatva, anityatva, kartRtva, bhoktRtva Adi dharmoM kA tathA cha: prakAra ke jIvoM ke bhedoM kA sayuktika vivecana hai| (8) karmapravAda pUrva- karmoM kI bandha, udaya, upazama Adi dazAoM kA tathA unakI sthiti Adi kA varNana hai| (9) pratyAkhyAna pravAda pUrva- vrata, niyama, pratikramaNa, pratilekhana, tapa, kalpopasarga, AcAra, pratimA Adi kA tathA munitva meM kAraNa, dravyoM ke tyAga, Adi kA varNana hai| (10) vidyAnuvAda pUrva-samasta vidyAe~ (aGgaSThaprasenA Adi 700 alpavidyAe~ aura mahArohiNI Adi 500 mahAvidyAe~), antarikSa Adi ATha mahA nimitta, unakA viSaya, loka (rajjurAzi vidhi, kSetra, zreNI, lokapratiSThA), samuddhAta Adi kA vivecana hai| (11) kalyANanAmadheya pUrva - ravi, candramA, graha, nakSatra aura tArAgaNoM kA gamana, zakuna vyavahAra, arhat, baladeva, vAsudeva, cakravartI Adi ke garbhAvataraNa Adi mahAkalyANakoM kA varNana hai| (12) prANavAya pUrva - kAyacikitsA, aSTAGga Ayurveda, bhUtikarma, jAGguliprakrama (indrajAla), prANApAna-vibhAga kA varNana hai| (13) kriyAvizAla pUrva - lekha, 72 kalAyeM, 64 striyoM ke guNa, zilpa, kAvya guNa, doSa, kriyA, chandovicitikriyA aura kriyAphalabhoktA kA vivecana hai| (14) lokabindusAra pUrva-ATha vyavahAra, cAra bIja, parikarma, rAzi (gaNita) tathA samasta zrutasampatti kA varNana haiN| 2. dhavalA meM15 - aneka dRSTiyoM kA varNana hone se 'dRSTivAda' yaha guNa nAma hai| akSara, pada-saGghAta, pratipatti aura anuyogadvAra kI apekSA yaha saMkhyAta saMkhyA pramANa hai aura artha kI apekSA ananta saMkhyA pramANa hai| isameM tadubhayavaktavyatA hai| pUrvokta 363 matoM kA varNana tathA unakA nirAkaraNa hai| dRSTivAda ke 5 adhikAra haiM-parikarma, sUtra, prathamAnuyoga, pUrvagata aura cuulikaa|| (ka) parikarma-parikarma ke 5 bheda haiM-candraprajJapti, sUryaprajJapti, jambUdvIpaprajJapti, dvIpasAgaraprajJapti aura vyAkhyAprajJapti / (1) 323

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candraprajJapti meM candramA kI Ayu, parivAra, Rddhi, gati aura bimba kI U~cAI kA varNana hai| (2) sUrya prajJapti meM sUrya kI Ayu, bhoga, upabhoga, parivAra, Rddhi, gati, bimba kI U~cAI, dina, kiraNa aura prakAza kA varNana hai| (3) jambUdvIpaprajJapti meM jambUdvIpastha bhogabhUmi aura karmabhUmi ke manuSyoM, tiryaJcoM, parvata, draha, nadI, bedikA, varSa, AvAsa aura akRtrima jinAlayoM kA varNana hai| (4) dvIpasAgaraprajJapti meM uddhArapalya se dvIpa aura sAgara ke pramANa kA dvIpa-sAgarAntargata anya padArthoM kA varNana hai| (5) vyAkhyAprajJapti meM rUpI ajIvadravya (pugala), arUpI ajIvadravya (dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla), bhavyasiddha aura abhavyasiddha jIvoM kA varNana hai| inake padoM kA pRthak-pRthak padapramANa bhI batAyA gayA hai| (kha) sUtra-isameM 88 lAkha padoM ke dvArA jIva abandhaka hI hai, alepaka hI hai, akartA hI hai, abhoktA hI hai, nirguNa hI hai, sarvagata hI hai, aNupramANa hI hai, nAstisvarUpa hI hai, astisvarUpa hI hai, pRthivI Adi pA~ca bhUtoM ke samudAyarUpa se utpanna hotA hai, cetanA-rahita hai, jJAna ke binA bhI sacetana hai, nitya hI hai, anitya hI hai, ityAdi rUpa se AtmA kA [pUrvapakSa ke rUpa meM] varNana hai| trairAzikavAda, niyativAda, vijJAnavAda, zabdavAda, pradhAnavAda, dravyavAda aura puruSavAda kA bhI varNana hai| 'sUtra ke 88 adhikAroM meM se kevala cAra adhikAroM kA arthanirdeza milatA hai-abandhaka, trairAzikavAda, niyativAda aura svsmy|16 (ga) prathamAnuyoga-isameM 5 hajAra padoM ke dvArA purANoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| jinavaMza aura rAjavaMza se sambandhita 12 purANoM kA varNana hai / jaise-arhantoM (tIrthaGkaroM), cakravartiyoM, vidyAdharoM, vAsudevoM (nArAyaNa-pratinArAyaNoM), cAraNoM, prajJAzramaNoM, kuruvaMza, harivaMza, ikSvAkuvaMza, kAzyapavaMza, vAdiyavaMza aura naathvNsh| (gha) pUrvagata-95 karor3a 50 lAkha aura 5 padoM meM utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya Adi kA varNana hai| utpAda pUrva Adi 14 pUrvo kI viSayavastu kA varNana prAyaH tattvArthavArtika se milatA hai parantu yahA~ vistAra se kathana hai tathA padAdi kI saMkhyA kA bhI ullekha hai|| (Ga) cUlikA-jalagatA, sthalagatA, mAyAgatA, rUpagatA aura AkAzagatA ke bheda se cUlikA ke 5 bheda haiN| (1) jalagatA meM jalagamana aura jalastambhana ke kAraNabhUta mantra, tantra aura tapazcaryA Adi kA varNana hai| (2) sthalagatA meM bhUmigamana ke kAraNabhUta mantra, tantra aura tapazcaryA Adi kA varNana hai| vAstuvidyA aura bhUmisambandhI zubhAzubha kAraNoM kA bhI varNana hai| (3) mAyAgatA meM indrajAla Adi kA varNana hai| (4) rUpagatA meM siMha, ghor3A, hariNa Adi ke AkArarUpa se pariNamana karane ke kAraNabhUta mantra, tantra aura tapazcaryA kA varNana hai| citrakarma, kASTha, lepyakarma Adi ke lakSaNoM kA bhI varNana hai| (5) AkAzagatA meM AkAzagamana ke kAraNabhUta mantra, tantra aura tapazcaraNa kA varNana hai| sabhI cUlikAoM kA pada-pramANa 20989200x5 = 104946000 hai| 3. jayadhavalA meM17 - dRSTivAda nAma ke 12veM aGgapraviSTa meM 5 arthAdhikAra haiM-parikarma, sUtra, prathamAnuyoga, pUrvagata aura cuulikaa| parikarma ke 5 arthAdhikAra haiM-candraprajJapti, sUryaprajJapti, jambUdvIpaprajJapti, dvIpasAgaraprajJapti aura vyAkhyAprajJapti / sUtra meM 88 arthAdhikAra haiM parantu unake nAma jJAta nahIM haiM kyoMki vartamAna meM unake viziSTa upadeza kA abhAva hai| 18 prathamAnuyoga meM 24 arthAdhikAra haiM kyoMki 24 tIrthaGkaroM ke purANoM meM sabhI purANoM kA antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| cUlikA meM 5 arthAdhikAra haiM-jalagatA, sthalagatA, mAyAgatA, rUpagatA aura AkAzagatA20 / pUrvagata ke 14 arthAdhikAra haiMutpAdapUrva Adi dhvlaavt| pratyeka pUrva ke kramaza: 10, 14, 8, 18, 12, 12, 16, 20, 30, 15, 10, 10, 10, 10 vastue~ (mahAdhikAra) haiN| pratyeka vastu meM 20-20 prAbhUta (avAntara adhikAra) haiM aura pratyeka prAbhRta meM 24-24 anuyogadvAra haiN| yaha bhI likhA hai ki 14 vidyAsthAnoM (14 pUrvo) ke viSaya kA prarUpaNa jAnakara kara lenA caahie|21 pRSTha 128-136 para inake viSaya kA prarUpaNa kiyA gayA hai jo prAyaH dhavalA se milatA hai| 4. aprajJapti meM122 - isameM 363 mithyAvAdiyoM kI dRSTiyoM kA nirAkaraNa hone se ise dRSTivAda kahA gayA hai| padoM kI saMkhyA 1086856005 hai| dRSTivAda ke 5 prakAra haiM-parikarma, sUtra, pUrva, prathamAnuyoga aura cuulikaa| yadyapi yahA~ para pUrva ko prathamAnuyoga ke pahale likhA hai parantu viSaya-vivecana karate samaya pUrvo ke viSaya kA vivecana prathamAnuyoga ke bAda kiyA hai| isameM sUtra ke 88 lAkha pada kahe haiM tathA ise mithyAdRSTiyoM ke matoM kA vivecaka kahA hai| kAlavAda, IzvaravAda, niyativAda Adi ko nayavAda kahA hai| isakA AdhAra dhavalA aura jayadhavalA hai| (ga) vartamAna rUpa vartamAna meM yaha Agama anupalabdha hai| digambaroM ke anusAra dvitIya agrAyaNIpUrva ke cayanalabdhi nAmaka 324

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adhikAra ke caturtha pAhuDa nAmaka karma-prakRti ke AdhAra para SaTkhaNDAgama kI tathA paJcama jJAnapravAdapUrva ke 10veM vastuadhikAra ke antargata tIsare pejjadosapAhuDa se kaSAyapAhuDa kI racanA iI haiM jina para kramaza: dhavalA aura jayadhavalA TIkAe~ upalabdha haiN| (gha) tulanAtmaka vivaraNa - vartamAna meM isake anupalabdha hone se yadyapi isakI tulanA karanA sambhava nahIM hai phira bhI prApta ullekhoM se jJAta hotA hai ki isameM svasamaya aura parasamaya kI sabhI prakAra kI prarUpaNAyeM thiiN| grantha bahuta vizAla thA tathA 14 pUrvo ke kAraNa isa grantha kA bahuta mahattva thaa| pUrvavettAoM ke kramaza: hrAsa hone se yaha grantha lupta ho gyaa| ubhaya paramparAoM meM isake kramazaH kSINa hone kI paramparA ke ullekha upalabdha haiN| sthAnAGga ko chor3akara ubhaya-paramparAoM meM isake 5 pramukha bheda batalAe gae haiN| digambara paramparA meM tRtIya sthAna prathamAnuyoga kA hai aura caturtha sthAna pUrvagata kA hai jabaki zvetAmbara paramparA meM tRtIya sthAna pUrvagata kA hai aura caturtha sthAna anuyoga kaa| diga0 aGgaprajJapti kI kArikA meM yadyapi 'pUrva' kA ullekha zve0 kI taraha anuyoga ke pahale kiyA hai parantu vivecana bAda meM hI kiyA hai| sthAnAGga meM cUlikA ko chor3akara 4 bheda ginAe haiN| parikarma ke bhedoM kI saMkhyA tathA viSayavivecana ubhayaparamparAoM meM bhinna-bhinna hai| sUtra ke 88 bheda yA adhikAra donoM paramparAoM ne mAne haiN| parantu dhavalA meM kevala cAra bhedoM ko ginAyA hai aura zeSa ko ajJAta kahA hai| samavAyAGga aura nandI meM inake 88 bhedoM ko ginAyA gayA hai| samavAyAGga aura nandI meM anuyoga ke do bheda kie haiM parantu dhavalAdi meM ise prathamAnuyoga kahA hai aura usake do bhedoM kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| pUrvo kI saMkhyA donoM ne 14 svIkAra kI hai parantu zve0 ne 'kalyANapravAda' aura 'prANAvAyapravAda' pUrva ko kramaza: 'abandhya' aura 'prANAyuH' kahA hai| cUlikA ke 5 bheda digambaroM ne kiye haiM jabaki aisA samavAyAGga Adi meM nahIM hai / samavAyAGga aura nandI meM prathama cAra pUrvo kI hI cUlikAyeM mAnI gaI haiN| sthAnAGga meM dRSTivAda ke 10 nAmoM kA ullekha hai tathA pUrvo ke jJAtAoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai, parantu dRSTivAda ke 5 bhedoM kA ullekha nahIM milatA hai| jayadhavalA meM pUrvo ke 14 bhedoM kA kathana karake likhA hai ki ina 14 vidyAsthAnoM kI viSayaprarUpaNa jAnakara kara lenA caahie| tattvArthavArtika meM dRSTivAda ke 5 bheda to ginAe haiM parantu vivecana kevala pUrvo kA hI kiyA hai| vidhimArgaprapA meM ise ucchinna kahakara isake viSaya meM kucha bhI nahIM kahA hai| upasaMhAra zvetAmbara paramparAnusAra 11 aGga-granthoM ke upalabdha saMskaraNa vIra ni0 saM0 980 meM balabhI meM huI devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa kI adhyakSatA meM antimarUpa se lipibaddha kie gae the| zrutaparamparA se prApta ye grantha apane mUlarUpa meM yadyapi pUrNa surakSita nahIM raha gae the parantu inheM surakSita rakhane ke uddezya se jise jo kucha yAda thA usakA saGkalana isa vAcanA meM kiyA gayA thaa| sthAnAGga, samavAyAGga aura nandI meM ina aGga granthoM kI jo viSaya-vastu pratipAdita kI gayI hai usakA upalabdha sabhI aGga granthoM ke sAtha pUrNa mela nahIM hai| isase jJAta hotA hai ki balabhIvAcanA ke bAda bhI kucha grantha mUla rUpa se surakSita nahIM raha sake aura jo surakSita rahe bhI unameM bhI kaI saMzodhana aura parivarddhana ho ge| dRSTivAda kA saGkalana kyoM nahIM kiyA gayA jabaki usakI vistRta viSaya-vastu samavAyAGga aura nandI meM upalabdha hai| sthAnAGga meM bhI dRSTivAda ke kucha saGketa milate haiN| samavAyAGga aura nandI meM kahIM bhI usake ucchinna hone kA saGketa nahIM hai apitu sabhI aGgoM ko hinduoM ke vedoM kI taraha nitya batalAyA hai| vidhimArgaprapA jo 13-14 vIM zatAbdI kI racanA hai usameM avazya dRSTivAda ko vyucchinna batalAkara usakI viSayavastu kI carcA nahIM kI gaI hai| vidhimArgaprapA ke lekhaka ke samakSa vartamAna Agama upalabdha rahe haiM jisase usameM pratipAdita viSayavastu kA upalabdha AgamoM se prAyaH mela baiTha jAtA hai| yadyapi vaha nandI para AdhArita hai parantu usameM pUrNarUpa se nandI kA Azraya nahIM liyA gayA hai| samavAyAGga ke 100 samavAyoM aura zrutAvatAra ke sandarbha meM vidhimArgaprapA ekadama cupa hai, jabaki sthAnAGga ke 10 sthAnoM kA spaSTa ullekha karatA hai| samavAyAGga aura nandI meM ina donoM bAtoM kA spaSTa ullekha hai| isase samavAyAGgakI viSayavastu vidhimArgaprapAkAra ke samakSa thI yA nahIM, yaha cintya digambara paramparAnusAra vIra ni0 saM0 683 ke bAda zruta-paramparA kA uccheda ho gayA parantu dRSTivAda ke aMzAMza ke jJAtAoM ke dvArA racita SaTakhaNDAgama aura kaSAyapAhuDa ye do grantha likhe gye| pazcAt zaka saM0 700 meM una para kramaza: dhavalA aura jayadhavalA TIkAyeM likhI gyiiN| ina granthoM meM tathA inake pUrvavartI grantha tattvArthavArtika meM dvAdaza aGgoM kI jo viSayavastu milatI hai, usase upalabdha AgamoM kA pUrNa mela nahIM hai| kaI sthaloM para to zvetAmbara aGgoM meM batalAI gaI 325

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viSayavastu se bhI paryApta antara hai| padasaMkhyA Adi meM sarvatra sAmya nahIM hai| dRSTivAda kI viSayavastu batalAte samaya jayadhavalA meM spaSTa likhA hai ki 'sUtra' ke 88 bheda jJAta nahIM haiM kyoMki inakA viziSTa upadeza nahIM pAyA jAtA hai|23 dhavalA meM mAtra 4 bhedoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| 24 isase jJAta hotA hai ki unake pAsa zeSa aGgajJAna kI paramparA kucha na kucha avazya rahI hai anyathA ve 'sUtra ke 88 bhedoM ke viziSTa upadeza nahIM pAye jAte' aisA nahIM likhte| samavAyAGga aura nandI meM isake jo 88 bheda ginAe haiM ve bhinna prakAra ke haiN| gyAraha aGga granthoM kA dRSTivAda se pRthak ullekha donoM paramparAoM meM prApta hotA hai| donoM ne dRSTivAda meM svasamaya aura parasamaya-sambandhI samasta viSaya-prarUpaNA mAnI hai| gyAraha aGgoM ko digambaroM ne svasamaya-prarUpaka kahA hai|125 kevala sUtrakRtAGga ko parasamaya kA bhI prarUpaka batalAyA hai| zvetAmbaroM ne sUtrakRtAGga, sthAnAGga, samavAyAGga aura vyAkhyAprajJapti ko bhI samAna rUpa se svasamaya aura parasamaya kA prarUpaka svIkAra kiyA hai| jayadhavalA meM ukta jJAtAdharma kI 19 kathAyeM sambhavataH usake 19 adhyayanoM kI bodhaka haiM jo bahuta mahattvapUrNa kathana hai| isI prakAra pratikramaNa granthatrayI meM sUtrakRtAGga ke 23 adhyayanoM ke nAma Ae hue haiM jo samavAyAGgokta adhyayanoM se paryApta sAmya rakhate haiN| upalabdha 6 se 11 taka ke aGgoM meM kathA kI pradhAnatA hai| vyAkhyAprajJapti meM gautama, agnibhUti aura vAyubhUti ke nAma AnA aura sudharmA kA nAma na honA cintya hai| isI prakAra praznavyAkaraNa meM jambU svAmI kA nAma to hai parantu sudharmA kA nAma nahIM hai| praznavyAkaraNa kI maGgalayukta navIna zailI hai tathA 6 se 11 taka ke aGgoM kI utthAnikA eka jaisI anyapuruSa-pradhAna hai| isase inakI racanA paravartI kAla meM huI hai yaha nirvivAda satya hai / yaha sambhava hai ki inameM kucha prAcIna rUpa surakSita hoN| sthAnAGga aura samavAyAGga kI jo viSayavastu diga0 dhavalA Adi meM milatI hai aura jo vartamAna granthoM meM upalabdha hai usameM bahuta antara hai| sambhava hai ye bhI paravartI racanAe~ hoN| inameM aise bhI bahuta se laukika viSaya Adi A gaye haiM jinakA inameM samAveza karanA apekSita nahIM thaa| vartamAna praznavyAkaraNa praznoM ke uttara ke rUpa meM nahIM hai| vidhimArgaprapA jo bahuta bAda kI racanA hai usameM sthAnAGga ke 10 sthAnoM kA to ullekha hai parantu samavAyAGga ke 100 samavAyoM aura zrutAvatAra kI carcA taka nahIM hai| nandI Adi aGga bAhya-granthoM kA ullekha hone se bhI samavAyAGga bahuta bAda kI racanA siddha hotI hai| antakRddazA meM jo varNana milatA hai vaha sthAnAGga Adi ke kathana se mela nahIM rakhatA hai| yahI sthiti jJAtAdharmakathA, upAsakadazA Adi kI hai| ina sabhI kAraNoM se jJAta hotA hai ki upalabdha AcArAGga aura sUtrakRtAGga ke prathama zrutaskandha adhika prAcIna haiN| zeSa meM paravartI AcAryoM ke kathanoM kA adhika samAveza hai| itanA hone para bhI upalabdha Agama hamAre lie bahuta upayogI haiN| digambaroM ne inako surakSita karane kA prayatna na karake bahuta bar3I bhUla kI hai| sabhI granthoM kA pRthak-pRthak samAlocana karake inakI samayasImA tathA viSaya-vastu kI mUlarUpatA kA vistAra se nirdhAraNa apekSita hai| jo ubhaya paramparA ko mAnya ho| sandarbha sUcI - 1. bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 11 gaNadhara the jinhoMne unake artharUpa upadezoM ko 12 aGga granthoM ke rUpa meM grathita kiyA thaa| 2. AcArya dharasena (I0 1-2 zatAbdI, vIra ni0 7vIM zatAbdI) ke ziSya puSpadanta aura bhUtabali ne SaTkhaNDAgama kI racanA kI / SaTkhaNDAgama ke prArambha ke 177 sUtra AcArya puSpadanta ne aura zeSa AcArya bhUtabali ne likhe| isa grantha kA AdhAra dvitIya agrAyaNI pUrva ke cayanalabdhi nAmaka adhikAra kA caturtha pAhuDa karmaprakRti' hai| kaSAyapAhuDa kI racanA dharasenAcArya ke samakAlIna guNadharAcArya ne jJAnapravAda nAmaka 5veM pUrva kI 10veM vastu ke tIsare 'pejjadosapAhuDa' ke AdhAra para kii| ina donoM para kramazaH 'ghavalA' aura 'jayadhavalA' nAmaka TIkAe~ vIrasenAcArya ne likhI haiM / cAra vibhaktiyoM ke bAda 'jayadhavalA' TIkA kI pUrNatA vIrasena ke ziSya jinasena ne (zaka saM0 759) kI hai| 3. vivAhapannatIe NaM bhagavatIe caurAsIiM payasahassA padaggeNaM paNNattA / samavAyAGga 84-395 4. sthAnAGga 10-110; samavAyAGgasUtra 511, 57, 300; nandI pR0 287-288; tattvArthAdhigamabhASya 1.20; tattvArtharAjavArtika 1.20, pR0 72; dhavalA 1.1.2, pR0 100; jayadhavalA gAthA 1, pR0 72, gommaTasAra jIvakANDa gAthA 356 5. sthAnAGga 9.2 6. sthAnAGga 10.110, 115 samavAyAGgasUtra 512-514 8. tiNhaM gaNipiDagANaM AyAracUliyAvajjANaM sattAvannaM ajjhayaNA paNNattA / taM jahA AyAre sUyagaDe ThANe / samavAyAGga, samavAya 57 sUtra 300 9. samavAyAGga 9.53 326

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10. samavAyAGga 25.168 35. tattvArtha0 1.20, pR0 73 11. nandIsUtra, sUtra 46 36. dhavalA 1.1.2, pR0 101 12. vidhimArgaprapA pR. 50-51 37. jayadhavalA gAthA 1, pR0 113. 13. tattvArthavArtika 1.20, pR072-73 38. aGgaprajJapti gAthA 23-28, pR. 261-262. 14. dhavalA 1.1.2 pR0 110 39. samavAyAGgasUtra 522-525. 15. jayadhavalA gAthA, 1, pR0 111 40. nandIsUtra 49. 16. aGgaprajJapti gAthA 15, 19 pR0 260 41. vidhimArgaprapA, pR0 52. 17. navaNhaM baMbhacerANaM ekAvannaM uddesaNakAlA pnnnnttaa| samavAyAGga 42. tattvArtha. 1.20, pR0 73, 51.280 43. dhavalA0 1.1.2, pR0 102. 18. sIlaGkApariyamAraNa puNa evaM aTThamaM vimukkhajjhayaNaM sattayaM 44. jayadhavalA gAthA 1, pR0 113. uvahANasuyaM navamaM ti| vidhimArgaprapA, pR0 51 45. aGgaprajJapti gAthA 29-35, pR0 263-264. 19. AcArAGga niyukti gAthA 290 46. samavA0 sUtra 526-5293; 84-395 20. samavAyAGgasUtra 515-518 47. samavA0 sUtra 84-395 21. vahI, 23.155; 57.300 48. nandIsUtra 50 22. nandIsUtra 47 49. vidhimArgaprapA, pR0 53-54 23. vidhimArgaprapA pR0 51-52 50. ekatAlIsa zatakoM kA 138 zatakoM meM vibhAjana-33 se 39 taka 24. tattvArtha0 1.20, pR0 73 ke zataka 12-12 zatakoM ke samavAya hone se (7x12 = 84) 25. dhavalA 1.1.2, pR073 84 zataka, 40vAM zataka 21 zatakoM kI samavAya hai, zeSa 1 se 32 26. jayadhavalA gAthA 1, pR0 112 taka tathA 41vA~ pratyeka 1-1 zataka hone se 33 zataka haiN| ( kula 27. aGgaprajJapti gAthA 20-22, pR0 261 84+21+ 33 =138) 28. pratikramaNagranthatrayI TIkA, pR0 56-58 51. tattvArtha0 1.20, pR0 73 29. 1. samaya (trikAla svarUpa), 2. vedAliMga-(trivedoM kA svarUpa), 52. dhavalA 1.1.2, pR0 102. 3. upasarga (4 prakAra ke upasarga ), 4. strIpariNAma (striyoM kA 53. jayadhavalA gAthA 1, pR0 114. svabhAva), 5. narakAntara (narakAdi caturgati), 6. vIrastuti (2454. aGgaprajJapti gAthA 36-38, pR0 264. tIrthaGkaroM kA guNa-kIrtana), 7. kuzIlaparibhASA (kuzIlAdi 5 55. tattvArtha0 4.26. pArzvasthoM kA svarUpa varNana), 8. vIrya-(jIvoM ke vIrya ke tAratamya 56. jaina sAhitya i0 pUrvapIThikA, pR0 657 kA varNana), 9. dharma (dharmAdharma kA svarUpa), 10. agra (zrutAgrapada 57. gommaTasAra jIvakANDa gAthA 356. varNana), 11. mArga (mokSa tathA svarga kA svarUpa evaM kAraNa), 12. 58. samavA0 sUtra 530-534 samavasaraNa (24 tIrthaGkaroM ke samavasaraNa), 13. trikAlagrantha 59. nandIsUtra 51 (trikAlagocara azeSaparigraha kA azubhatva), 14. AtmA- 60. vidhimArgaprapA pR0 55 (jIvasvarUpa), 15. taditthagAthA (vAdamArga prarUpaNa), 16. 61. tattvArtha0 1.20 pR0 73 puNDarIka-(striyoM ke svargAdi sthAnoM ke svarUpa kA varNana), 17. 62. dhavalA 1.1.2 pR0 102-103 kriyAsthAna-(13 kriyAsthAnoM kA varNana), 18. AhArakapariNAma- 63. jayaghavalA gAthA 1 pR0 114-115 (sabhI dhAnyoM ke rasa, vIrya vipAka tathA zarIragata saptadhAtusvarUpa 64. aGgaprajJapti gAthA 39-44 pR0 265-266 varNana), 19. pratyAkhyAna-(sarvadravya viSayoM se nivRtti), 20, 65. sthAnAGgasUtra 10.112 anagAraguNakIrtana-(muniyoM ke guNa varNana), 21. zruta- 66. samavAyAGgasUtra 535-538 (zrutamAhAtmya), 22. artha-( zrutaphala varNana ) aura 23. nAlaMdA- 67. nandIsUtra 52 (jyotiSkadevoM ke paTaloM kA vrnnn)| pratikramaNagranthatrayI TIkA, 68. vidhimArgaprapA pR0 56 pR0 56-581 69. tattvArtha01.201073 30. jainasAhitya kA itihAsa, pUrvapIThikA, pR0 644 70. dhavalA 1.1.1 pR0 103 31. jayadhavalA pR0 120 71. jayadhavalA gAthA 1 pR0 118 32. samavAyAGgasUtra 519-521 72. aGgaprajJapti gAthA 45-47 pR0 266 33. nandIsUtra 48 73. sthAnAGgasUtra 10.113 34. vidhimArgaprapA, pR0 52 327

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74. samavAyAGgasUtra 539-542 75. nandIsUtra 53 76. vidhimArgaprapA, pR0 56 77. tattvArtha0 1.20 pR. 73 78. dhavalA 1.1.2, pR0 103-104 79. jayaghavalA gAthA, 1, pR. 118 80. aGgaprajJapti gAthA 48-51, pR0 267 81. sthAnAGgasUtra 10.114 82. samavA0 sUtra 542-545 83. nandIsUtra 54 84. vidhimArgaprapA, pR0 56. 85. tattvArtha0 1.20, pR0 73. 86. dhavalA 1.1.2, pR0 104-105 87. jayadhavalA gAthA 1, pR0 119 88. aGgaprajJapti gAthA 52-55, pR0 267-268 89. sthAnAGgasUtra 10.116 90. samavA0 sUtra 546-549 91. nandIsUtra 55 92. vidhimArgaprapA, pR0 56 93. tattvArtha.1.20, pR073-74 94. dhavalA 1.1.2, pR0105-108 95. jayadhavalA gAthA 1, pR0 119 96. aGgaprajJapti gAthA 56-67, pR0 268-270 97. sthAnAGgasUtra 10.111 98. samavAyAGgasUtra 550-556 99. nandIsUtra 56 100. vidhimArgaprapA pR0 56 101. tattvArtha0 1.20, pR0 74 102. dhavalA 1.1.2, pR0 108 103. jayadhavalA gAthA 1, pR0 120 104. aGgaprajJapti gAthA 68-69, pR0 270-271 105. sthAnAGga sUtra 4.131 106. vahI, 10.92 107. vahI 10.67-68 108. vahI, 10.47 109. vahI, 4.647 110. samavA0 sUtra 557-570 111. samavAyAGga ke 46veM samavAya meM dRSTivAda ke 46 mAtRkApadoM kA ullekha hai parantu unake nAma nahIM ginAe haiN| 112. nandI sUtra 57 113. vidhimArgaprapA pR0 56 114. tattvArtha0 1.20, pR0 74 115. dhavalA 1.1.2, pR0 108-123 116. dhavalA 1.1.2, pR0 113 117. jayadhavalA, gAthA 1, pR0 23, 120-138 118. vahI, pR0 137 119. vistAra ke lie dekheM, vahI, pR0 126 120. vahI pR0 120-128 121. edesiM coddasavijjATThANANaM visayaparUvaNA jANiya kaayvvaa| jayadhavalA, gAthA 1, pR0 23 122. aGgaprajJapti gAthA 71-76 tathA Age bhI, pR0 271-304 123. sutte aTThAsIdi atthaahiyaaraa| Na tesiM NAmANi jANijjaMti, saMpahi visitthtthvesaabhaavaado| -jayadhavalA gAthA 1, pR0 137 124. uttaM ca aTTAsI-ahiyAresu cunnhmhiyaarnnmtthnniddeso| paDhamo abandhayANaM vidiyo terAsiyANa boddhvvo||76|| tadiyo ya Niyai-pakkhe havai cautthI ssmymmi|-dhvlaa 1.1.2 pR0 113 125. jeNevaM teNekkArasaNhamaMgANaM vattavvaM ssmo| -jayadhavalA gAthA 1, pR0 120 sarvapallI DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan kI dRSTi meM jainadarzana : eka samIkSA sarvapallI DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan ke adhyayana kA kSetra bahuta vyApaka aura gahana rahA hai| Apane anubhava kiyA ki vizva audyogika aura takanIkI unnati karake bhI asurakSita aura asahAya hai| vaijJAnika saphalatAoM ke kAraNa prAcIna mUlyoM kA hrAsa ho gayA hai tathA vyakti AdhyAtmika khokhalepana kA zikAra ho gayA hai| saMsAra ke prANiyoM ke isa vaicArika khokhalepana ko dUra karane ke lie aura parama satya kA udghATana karane ke lie rAdhAkRSNana ne pUrva aura pazcima donoM dArzanika vicAradhArAoM kA samyak samanvaya kiyaa| yaha Apake udAra aura sahiSNu cintana kA pariNAma hai| inakA cintana korA cintana nahIM hai apitu jIvana meM utArane kA prayatna bhI hai| isIlie inake cintana ko dhArmika adhyAtmavAda' kahA jAtA hai| inhoMne vedAnta ke niSkarSoM ko dhArmika anubhUti ke AdhAra para prastuta karake jIvana aura darzana ko jor3ane kA prayatna kiyA hai| ApakI dRSTi meM dharma aura mAnavatAvAda meM koI virodha nahIM hai| mAnavIya jIvana ke jisa rUpa ko 328

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mAnavatAvAdI prastuta karatA hai dharma usI ko pUrNatA pradAna karatA hai| ApakI dRSTi yadyapi advaita vedAntamUlaka hai parantu Apake vedAnta meM aura zaGkarAcArya ke vedAnta meM spaSTa antara hai| DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan ne sarjanAtmaka vyaktitva ke AdhAra para savizeSa aura nirvizeSa kI jo vyAkhyA kI hai usase vizva ke mithyAtva kA bodha nahIM hotaa| jaise kisI kalAkAra kI kRtiyA~ sarjanAtmaka kSamatA se sambaddha hone ke kAraNa yathArtha haiM, mithyA nahIM, usI prakAra Izvara kI vizvAtmaka sRSTi yathArtha hai, zaGkarAcArya kI taraha AbhAsamAtra yA mithyA nahIM hai| isa vizvaracanA ke sandarbha meM nirvizeSa parama sat savizeSa ho jAtA hai| ataH nirvizeSa se sambaddha hone ke kAraNa na to yaha vizva mithyA hai aura na Izvara kA aabhaasmaatr| DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan kI isa dRSTi se jaba hama unake vicAroM kI tulanA jainadarzana ke sAtha karate haiM to hama dekhate haiM ki Apane apane bhAratIya darzana meM sarvatra jainadarzana kI samIkSA advaita dRSTi se hI kI hai| jaise(1) jainadarzana ke vivecanoparAnta Apane upasaMhArarUpa meM kahA hai-eka bAta bilkula spaSTa hai, Adhe rAste meM hI Thahara jAne ke kAraNa jainamata eka anekAntavAdI yathArthatA kA pratipAdana kara sakA hai| (2) atyanta sarala jainadharma meM riyAyata athavA kSamA ko koI sthAna prApta nahIM thaa| isIlie janasAdhAraNa ke mana ko AkRSTa na kara sakA aura isIlie asthAyI samajhaute hI kie ge| (3) kevalajJAna athavA muktAtmAoM ke jJAna ke Upara dhyAna dekara vicAra karane se hameM pratIta hogA ki jaina siddhAnta upalakSaNa yA saGketa dvArA antardRSTi kI vidhi evaM nirapekSa paramasattA ke siddhAnta ko svIkAra kara letA hai| (4) pratyeka dRSTikoNa jo hameM jJAna prApta karAtA hai sadA hI AMzika hotA hai aura usa taka hama pRthakkaraNa kI prakriyAoM dvArA pahu~cate haiN| jaina tarkazAstra hameM advaitaparaka AdarzavAda kI ora le jAtA hai aura jisa hada taka jaina isase bacane kA prayAsa karate haiM usa hada taka ve apane nijI tarka ke sacce anuyAyI nahIM haiN| sApekSatA kA siddhAnta tArkika dRSTikoNa se, binA eka nirapekSa kI kalpanA ke nahIM Thahara sakatA hai|......ydi jainadarzana anekatvavAda taka hI rahe jo adhikatara kevala sApekSa evaM AMzika satya hai aura vaha yaha jijJAsA na kare ki uccatara satya bhI koI hai jo eka aisI ekamAtra sattA kI ora nirdeza karatA hai jisane isa vizva ke padArthoM meM vyaktigatarUpa dhAraNa kara rakhA hai, jo eka dUsare se mukhyataH anivAryarUpa meM hai aura antaryAmIrUpa meM sambaddha hai to vaha apane tarka ko svayaM dUra karake eka sApekSa satya ko nirapekSa satya kI unnata koTi meM paha~cA detA hai| kevala isI prakAra kA advaitaparaka siddhAnta jainadarzana ke sApekSatAvAda ke sAtha mela khA sakatA hai kyoMki sambandha jitane bhI haiM ve una bAhya padArthoM se, jinase ve sambandha rakhate haiM, svatantra nahIM haiN|10 (5) jaina mata meM jisa aneka sattAtmaka vizva kI kalpanA kI gaI hai vaha kevala sApekSa dRSTikoNa se hI hai, kintu parama satya nahIM hai|" saMsAra anAtma ke bala se nirmANa huI eka pratItimAtra hai, sat nahIM hai| anAtma bhI kevala AtmA kA dUsarA aMza hai yA usakA kucha pratibimba hai| 12 AdhyAtmika evaM bhautika pravRttiyoM ke bIca, jinake saGgharSa ko isa saMsAra meM anubhava hotA hai, paraspara kyA sambandha hai ? yadyapi ye eka dUsare ke paraspara virodhI haiM parantu ve usa ekatA ke virodhI pratIta nahIM hote kyoMki vaha ekatA virodhiyoM kA eka saMzleSaNa hai| ata: jaina siddhAnta ko haThAt eka pUrNa sarvavyApaka sattA kI ora AnA hI hogA jo bhinna bhI hai aura saMyukta bhI hai| yathArtha sattA kevala eka hI pUrNa hai-vizuddha AtmA evaM vizuddha prakRti usa sattA ke pRthakkaraNa mAtra haiN| inakA pRthakkaraNa kevala tarkazAstra ke lie hai| ye donoM yadyapi eka dUsare ke virodhI haiM kintu eka hI pUrNa sattA ke pRthak na kie jA sakane vAle avayava haiN| jaina tarka ke anusAra bhI eka samaSTirUpa ekezvaravAda yA advaitavAda hI niklegaa|5|| (6) adhyAtmavidyAsambandhI vivAda kA yaha eka sarvasammata evaM sAmAnya niyama hai ki jo prArambha meM nahIM thA aura anta meM bhI na rahegA usakI vartamAna prakriyA meM bhI yathArtha sattA svIkAra nahIM kI jA sakatI (AdAvAnte ca yannAsti vartamAne'pi na tttthaa)| anekatA vAstavika evaM vidyamAn to mAnI jA sakatI hai| kintu usakI yathArthatA ko nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| AtmA kI anekatA taba taka sambhava nahIM jaba taka paramArthadazA meM bhI bhinnatA kA koI AdhAra na ho| mukta AtmA ke pRthak astittva ke mArga meM bAhya padArtha evaM zArIrika bandhana sadA hI bAdhaka rheNge| taba mukti kisakI hogI?" yadi hama jainadarzana ke isa pahalU para bala deM aura yaha smaraNa rakheM ki kevalI vyakti meM antardRSTi dvArA jJAna hotA hai jo vicAra se U~cI zreNI kA hai, to hama aise ekezvaravAda (advaitavAda) meM pahu~ca jAte haiM jo paramArtharUpa aura aparimita hai, jisake kAraNa hama saGgharSa meM juTe saMsAra ko, jahA~ para saba padArtha yathArthatA evaM zUnyatA ke madhya meM hI ghUmate rahate haiM, ayathArtha samajha 329

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skeNge| saMsAra ko hama usI avasthA meM yathArtha samajha sakate haiM jabaki hama vizuddha AtmA ke uccatama pakSa kI ora se ekadama A~kha banda kara leN| (7) jainI 'jina' mahAvIra (vijetA) ke anuyAyI haiN| jainadarzana kA svarUpa mukhyata: naitika hai| ataH adhyAtmavidyA ke viSaya meM jainamata una saba siddhAntoM ke virodha meM hai jo naitika uttaradAyitva para bala nahIM dete| manuSya kI mukti meM naitika hita hI nirNAyaka dRSTikoNa hai| DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan kA nItidarzana vedAnta ke nItidarzana se bhinna nahIM hai| ve kahate haiM vyakti tathA brahma meM tAttvika abheda ke stara para naitikatA apekSita hI nahIM hai| kartavyAkartavya ke niyama tabhI taka apekSita haiN| jaba taka hama AtmotkarSa kI ora agrasara hokara apane bhItara ke zreSTha brahma rUpa ko jAna nahIM lete| Atmastha puruSa paramparAgata nIti ke niyamoM meM nahIM bandhatA (8) jainiyoM kI sammati meM nyAya-vaizeSika, sAMkhya, advaita vedAnta evaM bauddha darzana ye kramaza: prathama cAra nayoM ko svIkAra karate haiM aura bhrama se unheM sampUrNa satya samajhate haiN| sabhI naya dRSTikoNa sApekSa haiN| hamAre pAsa nizcaya naya bhI hai jo satya aura pUrNa dRSTikoNa hai| yaha do prakAra kA hai-zuddha nizcaya aura azuddha nishcy| zuddha nizcaya pratibandharahita yathArthasattA kA pratipAdana karatA hai jabaki azuddha nizcaya pratibandhayukta sattA ke viSaya para vicAra karatA hai| DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan dvArA jainadarzana ke sambandha meM pramukha rUpa se prastuta uparyukta tathya isI ora saMketa karate haiM ki jainadarzana meM yadi eka advaita paramasattA ko mAnakara vyAkhyA kI gaI hotI to unake anukUla hotii| vastutaH jainadarzana kI mAnyatA hai ki vyaktiyoM kA jJAna sApekSa hotA hai kyoMki ve karmabaddha haiN| atIndriya paramajJAna muktAtmAoM kA mAnA gayA hai jo nirapekSa aura pramANa koTi kA hai| sAMsArika parivartana jo dRSTigocara hotA hai vaha bhI satya hai kyoMki vaha vastu kA svabhAva hai| aisA hone para bhI vastu apane svarUpa se vikRta nahIM hotI vastuoM kA jJAna nayoM aura pramANoM se hotA hai| nayoM se hone vAlA jJAna AMzika hai jabaki pramANoM (vizeSakara kevalajJAnapramANa) se hone vAlA jJAna pUrNa hai| jIvAtmA aura paramAtmA meM abheda svIkAra karate hue samAdhi zataka meM kahA gayA hai - yaH paramAtmA se evA'haM yo'haM saH prmsttH|| ahameva mayopAsyo nAnyaH kazciditi sthitiH||25 artha-jo paramAtmA (zuddhAtmA) hai vahI maiM (jIvAtmA) hU~ aura jo maiM (jIvAtmA) hU~ vahI paramAtmA hai| mere dvArA merI hI upAsanA kI jAtI hai, isase bhinna anya koI nahIM hai| ata: kevalajJAnI ke lie kucha bhI kartavyAkartavya ke viveka kA prazna nahIM hai| yaha kathana jIvAtmA ke guNoM kI apekSA se hai| apekSA bheda se zarIra-parimANI AtmA ko jainadarzana meM vyApaka bhI kahA gayA hai AdA NANapamANaM NANaM tu NeyappamANamuddiTuM / / NeyaM loyAloyaM NANaM tu savvagayaM / / 26 artha-AtmA jJAnarUpa hone se jJAnapramANa hai| jJAna samasta jJeyoM ko jAnane ke kAraNa jJeyapramANa hai| jJeya samasta lokAloka hai| ata: jJAna sarvagata hai| jJAna ke sarvagata hone se AtmA bhI sarvagata hai| yaha kathana kevalajJAna guNa sApekSa hai| isa taraha jainadarzana apekSAbheda se advaitavAda ko svIkAra karate hue bhI bheda ko mAnatA hai| jaina darzana mUlataH cha: dravyoM kI sattA ko svIkAra karatA hai| inheM hI cetana aura acetana kI dRSTi se do bhAgoM meM bhI samAhita karatA hai| cetana aura acetana ina do kI sattA ko DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan bhI svIkAra karate haiM parantu ve acetana ko cetana kA hI aMza yA pratibhAsa mAnanA cAhate haiM, jabaki jainadarzana aisA svIkAra nahIM karatA hai| acetana kabhI bhI cetana kA aMza nahIM ho sakatA hai| yahI maulika antara hai| zAGkaravedAnta aura jainadarzana kI tulanA karate hue maiMne apane usa nibandha meM ina viSayoM para prakAza DAlA hai| AcArya kunda-kunda ne apane samayasAra meM spaSTa kahA hai-savvaNayapakkharahidA bhaNido jo so samayasAro28 jo sabhI nayapakSoM se rahita hai vahI samayasAra (AtmA) hai| isa taraha jaise DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan ne pUrva aura pazcima kI dArzanika vicAradhArAoM kA samanvaya kiyA hai usI prakAra jainadarzana meM bhI apekSAbheda se sabhI dArzanika vicAradhArAoM kA samanvaya kiyA gayA hai| samanvaya karate hue DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan advaita tattva taka pahuMca gae haiM jabaki jainadarzana advaita taka pahu~cakara bhI anekatA meM vizvAsa rakhatA hai| DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan svIkAra karate haiM ki jainamata meM anekAntavAdI yathArthatA kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| yaha bhI kahA hai ki jaina siddhAnta ko haThAt eka pUrNa sarvavyApaka sattA kI ora AnA hI hogA jo bhinna bhI hai aura saMyukta bhI hai| isase spaSTa hai ki 330

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DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan ko jaina siddhAnta bhI yathArthata: svIkArya hai yadi advaitattva kA samAveza ho| aisA mAnane para jainadarzana bhI anya darzanoM kI taraha ekAntavAdI ho jAyegA jo use kathamapi svIkArya nahIM hai| hara padArtha kI svatantra sattA hai| eka padArtha kabhI apanA svarUpa chor3akara anyarUpa nahIM ho sktaa| aisA mAnane para saba kucha avyavasthita ho jaaegaa| saba dravyoM kI svatantra ikAI mAnanA hI parama sattA hai| isameM IzvarakRt na to hastakSepa sambhava hai aura na yaha jagat AbhAsamAtra (svapnavat mAyArUpa) hai| sandarbhasUcI - 1. uddhRta samakAlIna bhAratIya darzana (saMpA. zrImatI lakSmI saksenA) pR.173. 2. IsTarna rilIjana eNDa vesTarna thATa, pR. 77, 3. kanTemparerI iMDiyana philAsaphI, pR. 498. 4. vhii| 5. bhAratIya darzana, prathama bhAga, DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan (hindI saMskaraNa), pR. 275. 6. vahI, pR. 268. 7. vahI, pR. 249. 8. vahI, pR. 244. 20. vahI, pR. 252. 9. vahI, pR. 247. 21. hindU vyU. A. lA., pR. 121 tathA iMDiyana philAsaphI bhAga 2, pR. 611, 620, 10. vahI, pR. 247-248. 22. bhAratIyadarzana,bhAga 1 (hindI saM.) pR. 244 11. vahI, pR. 270. 23. sad dravyalakSaNam / utpAdvyaya-dhauvyayuktaM st| tattvArthasUtra, 5.29,31. 12. vahI, pR. 275. 24. sakalAdezaH pramANAdhInaH / vikalAdezo nayAdhInaH / tadbhAvAvyaye, nitym|, tattvArthavArtika 13. vahI, pR. 274 14.42.13. 14. vahI, pR. 274. 25. samAdhizataka, 31. 15. vahI pR. 274-275. 26. pravacanasAra, 1.23. 16. vahI pR. 273. 27. vedAntadarzana aura jainadarzana, zramaNa, jUna 1989. 17. vahI, pR. 273-274, 28, samayasAra, gAthA 144. 18. vahI, pR. 275. 19, vahI, pR. 232. jaina Agama granthoM kA lipikaraNa jaina-paramparA meM bhagavAna mahAvIra (I. pU. 523 varSa) kI anakSarAtmaka vANI (divyadhvani-rUpa upadeza) ko artha rUpa se jAnakara unake pramukha ziSya gautama gaNadhara ne jo zabdAtmaka varNa banAe unheM zruta kahA jAtA hai| inheM aGga, aGgapraviSTa, gaNipiTaka, veda, agama, dvAdazAGga Adi nAmoM meM bhI jAnA jAtA hai| isa taraha se anya artharUpa meM bhagavAna mahAvIra se pUrva jaina zramaNaparamparA meM kucha aisI racanAyeM mAnI gaI haiM jinheM 'pUrva' kahA jAtA hai| zruta ke bArahaveM aGga dRSTivAda meM aise 14 pUrvo kA ullekha milatA hai jinameM mahAvIra ke pUrva kI aneka vicAradhArAoM kA saGkalana thaa| ina pUrvo meM na kevala tatkAlIna dhArmika, dArzanika evaM naitika vicAroM kA saGkalana thA apitu inake bhItara nAnA kalAoM, jyotiSa, phalita jyotiSa, Ayurveda, zakunazAstra, mantra, tantra Adi viSayoM kA bhI samAveza thaa| vastuta: ye prAcIna kAla ke jJAnakoSa the parantu durbhAgyavaza yaha pUrva sAhitya surakSita na raha skaa| paravartI sAhitya meM ina pUrvo kA tathA inake viSayoM kA yatra-tatra ullekha milatA hai| ina 14 pUrvo ke jJAtA antima (pA~caveM) zruta kevalI bhadrabAhu the| kramaza: ina pUrvo kA jJAna lupta hotA gyaa| SaTkhaNDAgama ke vedanA daNDa meM Agata 'namo dasapubviyANaM' evaM 'namo cauddasapubviyANaM' sUtroM kI vyAkhyA karate hue vIrasenAcArya ne batalAyA hai ki prArambha ke 10 pUrvo kA jJAna ho jAne para kucha muniyoM ko nAnA mahAvidyAoM kI prApti ho jAne se unheM sAMsArika lobha va moha utpanna ho gayA thaa| jo isa vyAmoha meM nahIM par3atA thA vaha 14 pUrvo kA jJAtA hokara pUrNa zrutajJAnI ho jAtA thaa| antima 4 pUrvo meM vividha kalAoM, mantra, tantra, indrajAla Adi kA prarUpaNa thA jinakA prayoga saMyamI jaina muni ko niSiddha thaa| ataH prathamataH ina 4 pUrvo kA lopa huaa| zeSa 10 pUrvo kI bAteM anya 11 aGga granthoM meM samAhita thIM, phalasvarUpa ina pUrvo ke paThana-pAThana meM samayazakti ko lagAnA Avazyaka nahIM 331

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samajhA gayA aura dhIre-dhIre ina 10 pUrvo kA jJAna bhI lupta ho gyaa| digambara paramparAnusAra guNadharAcArya (I. pU. prathama zatAbdI) ko paJcama pUrvagata pejjadosapAhuDa tathA mahAkAmapayaDipAhuDa kA jJAna prApta thA jisake AdhAra para unhoMne pejjadosapAhuDa (kasAyapAhuDa) grantha kI racanA 180 gAthAoM meM kii| inheM digambara paramparA meM likhita zruta grantha kA prathama zrutakAra mAnA jAtA hai| inhIM ke kucha pazcAdavartI dharasenAcArya (I. san 73 ke AsapAsa) ko dvitIya pUrvagata (agrAyaNI pUrva) kammapayaDipAhuDa adhikAra kA jJAna prApta thA jise unhoMne zruta kI rakSArtha AcArya puSpadanta (I. san 50-80) aura bhUtabali (I. san 87 ke Asa-pAsa) ko diyaa| AcArya puSpadanta (prArambhika 177 sUtra) aura bhUtabali (bAda ke 6000 sUtra) ne chakkhaNDAgama (SaTakhaNDAgama) yA satkarmaprAbhUta grantha kI racanA kii| jisa dina yaha grantha pUrA huA usa dina (jyeSThA zuklA paJcamI) ko zrutapaJcamI ke rUpa meM mAnyatA milii| zravaNa-paramparA se gaNadharapraNIta 'zruta' kI paramparA vI. ni. saM. 62 varSa bAda taka gautama (indrabhUti), sudharmA aura jambU svAmI taka akhaNDa rUpa meM clii| tInoM kevalajJAnI the aura inheM digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM paramparAyeM apanA dharmaguru svIkAra karatI haiN| antara itanA hai ki digambara paramparA gautama ko aura zvetAmbara paramparA jambU svAmI ko vizeSa mahattva detI hai| jambU svAmI ke bAda digambara aura zvetAmbara gurvAvali meM antara par3a gayA parantu unameM pA~caveM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu prathama (vI.ni.saM. 100 yA 162) ko donoM apanA guru mAnate haiN| jaise - (ka) digambara gurvAvali (paTTAvalI ke anusAra ) - jambU, viSNu, nandimitra, aparAjita, govardhana aura bhadrabAhu / (kha) zvetAmbara gurvAvali-jambU, prabhava, zayyaMbhava, yazobhadra, sambhUtivijaya aura bhadrabAhu (cturdshpuurvii)| yahA~ yazobhadra ke ziSya the sambhUtivijaya aura bhdrbaahu| sambhUti vijaya ke ziSya the sthUlabhadra jinase Age kI zvetAmbara gurvAvali calI aura bhadrabAhu kI paramparA meM digambara gurvAvali clii| digambaroM ke anusAra bhadrabAhu ke bAda 11 AcArya kramika hrAsa hote hue 11 aGga aura 10 pUrvo ke jJAtA hue| isake bAda pA~ca AcArya 11 aGgadhArI hue| tadanantara kucha AcArya 10, 6 aura 8 aGgoM ke dhArI hue| isI krama meM bhadrabAhu dvitIya (bI. ni. saM. 462) aura unake ziSya lohAcArya hue| isake bAda aGgoM yA pUrvI ke aMza mAtra ke jJAtA hue| lohAcArya ke bAda sambhavata: guru-paramparA nimna prakAra rahI hogI - lohAcArya arhadbali (guptigupta)(vI.ni.saM.565-593) guNadhara (I.pU. prathama zatAbdI) AryamaddhaM (I. san prathama zatAbdI) dharasena (I. san 73) mAghanadi nAgahasti (I. san prathama zatAbdI) puSpadanta (I.san 50-80) jinacandra yativRSabha (I. san 176 ke AsapAsa) bhUtabalI (I. san 87) kundakunda (I.san prathama zatAbdI) umAsvAmI (I. san 1lI 2rI zatAbdI) bhadrabAhu prathama (vI. ni. saM. 162 varSa) ke samaya avanti deza meM bAraha varSa kA akAla par3A jisake kAraNa kucha AcAryoM meM zithilAcAra A gyaa| phalasvarUpa AcArya sthUlabhadra (bhadrabAhu prathama ke ziSya) ke saMrakSaNa meM eka svatantra zvetAmbara saGgha kI sthApanA ho gii| bhadrabAhu kI saGgha vyavasthA bhI ahandavali (guptigupta) (vI. ni. 565563) ke kAla meM samApta ho gaI aura digambara mUla, nandi, vRSabha Adi saGghoM meM vibhakta ho ge| aitihAsika ullekhAnusAra AcArya arhadvali ne pA~ca varSIya yuga pratikramaNa ke samaya (vI. ni, 575) saGgaThana banAne ke lie dakSiNadezastha 332

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mahimAnagara (mahArASTra pradeza kA satArA jilA) meM eka vRhad sAdhu-sammelana bulAyA jisameM 100 yojana taka ke sAdhu ekatrita hue| isameM mataikya na hone se mUla saGgha bikhara gyaa| isI samaya paJcama pUrva ke jJAtA AcArya guNadhara (I. pU. prathama zatAbdI) ne kasAyapAhuDa kI aura I. san prathama zatAbdI meM dvitIya pUrva ke jJAtA AcArya dharasena ke ziSya AcArya puSpadanta aura bhUtabali ne SaTkhaNDAgama grantha kI racanA karake zruta ko lipibaddha kiyaa| isake bAda kasAyapAhuDa para yativRSabhAcArya ne cUrNisUtra tathA tiloyapaNNatti grantha kI racanA kii| isI krama meM yugasaMsthApaka AcArya kundakunda ne samayasAra, pravacanasAra, paJcAstikAya Adi grantha rce| umAsvAmI kA tattvArtha sUtra aura vaTkera AcArya kA mUlAcAra bhI isI samaya likhA gyaa| ima taraha upalabdha digambara Agama I. san prathama zatAbdI ke AsapAsa lipibaddha kara lie ge| anantara inhIM granthoM ke AdhAra para anya racanAe~ likhI gii| isa taraha digambaroM ne sabhI 12 aGga, 14 pUrva aura 14 aGgavAhya kA lopa svIkAra kara liyaa| zvetAmbara mAnyatA ke anusAra AgamoM ke lipibaddha hone ke pUrva cAra racanAe~ huii| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa (I. pUrva 527 varSa) ke lagabhaga 160 varSa bAda (I. pU. 367) candragupta maurya ke zAsana kAla meM magadha meM vaha durbhikSa par3A jisameM bahuta ne sAdhu bhadrabAhu ke netRtva meM samudrataTa kI ora prasthAna kara gae tathA zeSa sthUlabhadra (svargagamana vI. ni. saM. 216 varSa bAda) ke netRtva meM magadha hI meM rhe| akAla ke dUra hone para sthUlabhadra ke netRtva meM pATaliputra meM jaina sAdhuoM kA eka sammelana bulAyA gayA jisameM maukhika paramparA meM cale A rahe zruta ko vyavasthita karane ke lie 11 aGga-granthoM kA saGkalana kiyA gyaa| yaha prathama vAcanA thii| bArahavA~ dRSTibAda bhadrabAhu ko chor3akara kisI ko jJAta nahIM thaa| caturdaza pUrvo ke jJAtA bhadrabAhu usa samaya nepAla meM the| ataeva pUrvo ke jJAnArtha sthUlabhadra kucha sAdhuoM ke sAtha AcArya bhadrabAhu ke pAsa nepAla ge| vahA~ se sthUlabhadra ko chor3a zeSa sabhI vApisa A ge| sthUlabhadra bhI 10 pUrvo taka nirbAdha jJAna prApta karake doSavazAt zeSa 4 pUrvo ke adhyApana meM bhadrabAhu dvArA manA kara die ge| phalataH yahA~ se pUrvo ke zanaiH-zanaiH lupta hone kI zuruAta ho gii| isa vAcanA meM dRSTivAda kA saGkalana nahIM ho skaa| mahAvIra nirvANa ke 827 yA 840 varSa bAda (I. san 300-313) punaH Ae 12 varSa ke akAla ke bAda Arya skandila ke netRtva meM AgamoM ko suvyavasthita rUpa dene ke lie mathurA meM dUsarA sammelana huaa| isameM jise jo yAda thA use kAlikazruta ke rUpa meM saGkalita kara liyA gyaa| ise mAthurI vAcanA kahate haiN| nAgArjuna sUri ke netRtva meM valabhI (saurASTra) meM eka dUsarA sammelana huaa| yadyapi yaha sammelana Arya skandila ke kAla meM hI huA parantu ye donoM netA Apasa meM mila nahIM sake jisase AgamoM kA pAThabheda banA raha gyaa| ise prathama valabhI vAcanA kahate haiN| mahAvIra nirvANa ke lagabhaga 980 yA 993 varSa vAda (I. san 453-466) balabhI meM hI devardhigaNi kSamAzramaNa ke netRtva meM cauthA sammelana huaa| isameM tRtIya sammelana bhI kahate haiN| isa samaya 45 AgamoM (zve.) ko lipibaddha kiyA gyaa| vividha pAThAntaroM aura vAcanAbhedoM kA samanvaya karake mAthurI vAcanA ko AdhAra banAyA gyaa| jina pAThoM kA samanvaya nahIM ho sakA unakA 'vAyaNAntare puNa', 'nAgArjunIyAstu evaM vadanti' ityAdi rUpa meM ullekha kara diyA gyaa| dRSTivAda na milane ke kAraNa use vyucchinna ghoSita kara diyA gyaa| ise dvitIya valabhI vAcanA va antima vAcanA bhI kahate haiN| upalabdha Agama isI vAcanA ke pariNAma haiN| itanA avazya hai ki AgamoM meM kucha parirvatana isa vAcanA ke dvArA lipibaddha hone ke bAda bhI hue haiM, aisA antaHparIkSaNa se jJAta hotA hai| isa vivecana nimna tathya prakaTa hote haiM - (1) jaina paramparA meM bhAvazruta (jJAnAtmaka) aura dravyazruta (vacanAtmaka) ke bheda se zruta do prakAra kA hai| bhAvazruta kI apekSA se 'zruta' anAdi, apauruSeya athavA mahAvIra praNIta hai| dravyazruta kI apekSA se gaNadharapraNIta hai| digambara Agama I. san kI prathama-dvitIya zatAbdI meM lipibaddha ho gae the aura zvetAmbara agama 1000 varSoM ke antarAla ke bAda devrdhignni| kSamAzramaNa kI valabhI vAcanA meM lipibaddha kie ge| (2) mUla bhASA ardhamAgadhI (ArSa prAkRta) thii| zvetAmbara Agama isI bhASA meM haiM parantu digambaroM ke Agama zaurasenI (jaina zaurasenI) prAkRta meM hai| bhASAgata parivartana hone se unakI apramANatA nahIM mAnI gaI hai kyoMki jaina dharma meM zabda kI apekSA bhAvoM kA prAdhAnya hai, vedoM kI taraha zabda kA nhiiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki vedoM kI taraha inakI surakSA pUrNarUpa se zabdaza: nahIM ho skii| 333

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(3) zvetAmbaroM ke anusAra dRSTivAda ko chor3akara zeSa aGga aura aGga bAhya Agama surakSita haiM jabaki digambara paramparA meM dRSTivAda kA azAMza hI surakSita hai, zeSa lupta ho gayA hai| (4) zvetAmbaroM ke yahA~ 45 Agama mAnya haiM jabaki digambaroM meM bAraha aGga aura caudaha aGgabAhya / bAraha upAGgoM kA ullekha na to digambara sAhitya meM hai aura na zvetAmbaroM ke nandisUtra meM hai| digambaroM ne mUla Agama lupta mAnakara paravartI AcAryoM kI kucha racanAoM ko Agama kI mAnyatA dI hai| unameM pramukha haiM kasAyapAhuDa aura chkkhnnddaagm| yaha eka vismayakArI tathya hai ki digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM hI sampradAyoM ke sAhitya meM vIra nirvANa saMvat 355 (IsA pUrva 172) meM ur3IsA meM kumArI parvata para huI vAcanA ko anadekhA kiyA gayA hai| yaha jaina zruta Agama dazAGga ke vAcana kA sarva prAcIna ullikhita abhilekhIya pramANa hai| isa sambandha meM The Hathigumpha Inscription of Kharavela and the Bhabru Edict ofAsoka--ACritical Study draSTavya hai / parIkSAmukha : eka anuzIlana tattvArtha ke pratipAdana meM jo sthAna jaina-dharma ke tattvArthasUtra kA, brahmavidyA ke pratipAdana meM brahmasUtra kA, yogazAstra ke vivecana meM pAtaJjala-yogasUtra kA aura nyAyazAstra ke nyAya-nirNaya meM gautama ke nyAyasUtra kA hai, vahI sthAna evaM prasiddhi jaina nyAya ke Adya sUtra grantha parIkSAmukha kA bhI hai| kahIM-kahIM para parIkSAmukha ke sUtra gautama ke nyAyasUtra se adhika laghu, tarkasaGgata evaM suspaSTa artha se samanvita dRSTigocara hote haiN| viSaya-paricaya - parIkSAmukha meM mukhyarUpa se pramANa aura pramANAbhAsa kA 212 sUtroM dvArA, jo 6 paricchedoM meM vibhakta haiM, vizada evaM tarkasaGgata cintana prastuta kiyA gayA hai| granthArambha meM eka kArikA dvArA pratipAdya viSaya aura grantha-nirmANa kA prayojana batAyA gayA hai| tathA grantha-parisamApti ke avasara para bhI eka kArikA dI gaI hai, jisameM 'bAla' zabda se apanI alpajJatA evaM vinayazIlatA kA paricaya dete hue parIkSAmukha ko heyopAdeya tattva kA nirNaya karane ke lie eka darpaNa batAyA gayA hai| grantha meM viSaya-pratipAdana isa prakAra huA hai - 1. prathama pariccheda meM 13 sUtroM dvArA pramANa ke svarUpa tathA usake prAmANya kA nizcaya kiyA gayA hai| 2. dvitIya pariccheda meM sarvaprathama pramANa ke do bheda karake pratyakSa ke mukhya aura sAMvyavahArika donoM bhedoM kA vicAra 12 sUtroM meM kiyA gayA hai| 3. tRtIya pariccheda meM parokSa pramANa ke pA~coM bhedoM (smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAna aura mAgama) kA vivecana 101 sUtroM meM kiyA gayA hai| isameM nyAya ke pramukha aGga anumAna kA vizAla vaMzavRkSa bhI samupasthita kiyA gayA hai| ataH yaha pariccheda sabase bar3A ho gayA hai| 4. caturtha pariccheda meM 9 sUtroM dvArA pramANa kA viSaya sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka vastu ko batalAkara usakA sabheda varNana prastuta kiyA gayA hai| 5. paJcama pariccheda meM kevala 3 sUtra haiM, jinameM pramANa ke ubhayavidha phala (1) sAkSAtaphala ajJAnanivRtti tathA (2) paramparAphala-hAnopAdAnopekSAbuddhi) ko kahakara use pramANa se kathaJcit / bhinna aura kathaJcit abhinna batalAyA gayA hai| 6. SaSTha pariccheda meM pramANAbhAsoM (svarUpAbhAsa, saMkhyAbhAsa, viSayAbhAsa aura phalAbhAsa) kA savistRta vivecana upalabdha hai| anta meM jaya-parAjaya Adi kI bhI jaina dRSTi se vyavasthA kI gaI hai| isa pariccheda meM kula 74 sUtra haiN| isa taraha isa parIkSAmukha meM jaina nyAya ke prAyaH sabhI maulika viSayoM para prAJjala evaM vizada bhASA meM bar3I kuzalatApUrvaka prakAza DAlA gayA hai| isIse sambhavataH AcArya prabhAcandra ne apanI TIkA meM parIkSAmukha ko gambhIra, nikhilArtha prakAzaka, nirmala, ziSya-prabodha-prada evaM advitIya racanA kahA hai| udgama - isa parIkSAmukha ko AcArya akalaGka ke vacanarUpI samudra se mathakara nikAlA gayA nyAyavidyAmRta kahA gayA hai|' vastutaH parIkSAmukha kA mUla udgama-srota AcArya akalaGka ke nyAya-grantha (aSTazatI, laghIyastraya, nyAyavinizcaya, pramANasaMgraha evaM siddhivinizcaya ) haiN| kucha aMzoM meM AcArya vidyAnanda ke grantha pramANaparIkSA, patraparIkSA, tattvArthazlokavArtika 334

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Adi bhI haiN| parIkSAmukha jitanA sarala hai utanA hI gambhIra hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina nyAyazAstra meM praveza ke lie prathamataH isakA adhyayana kiyA jAtA hai| taduparAnta isa para likhI gaI TIkAoM ke AdhAra para isake gahana artha kA spaSTIkaraNa avagata kiyA jAtA hai| TIkAe~ - isa parIkSAmukha kI kaI mahattvapUrNa TIkAe~ upalabdha hai, unameM sarvaprathama AcArya prabhAcandra dvArA likhita 12 hajAra zoka pramANa 'prameyakamalamArtaNDa' nAma kI vizAla TIkA hai, jisake adhyayana se samasta nyAyazAstra kA samyagjJAna ho jAtA hai| isake uparAnta 12vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya laghu anantavIrya ne 'prameyaratnamAlA' (jo 'parIkSAmukhapaJjikA' evaM 'parIkSAmukhalaghuvRtti' ke bhI nAma se prasiddha hai) nAma kI prasanna aura lalita zailI vAlI TIkA likhI hai, jisa para kAlAntara meM 'arthaprakAzikA' aura 'nyAyamaNidIpikA' nAmakI do TIkAe~ likhI gii| isake uparAnta navyanyAya ke pracAra ko dekhakara AcArya cArukIrti ne jaina nyAya ko usI zailI meM DhAlane ke prayatna svarUpa prameyaratnAlaGkAra' nAma kI TIkA likhI, jo 'prameyakamalamArtaNDa' aura 'prameyaratnamAlA ko eka kar3I meM jor3ane kA upakrama karatI hai| caturthaTIkA 'prameyakaNThikA hai jo 'parIkSAmukha' ke prathama sUtra (svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmakaM jJAnaM pramANam) para pA~ca stavakoM meM zrI zAntivarNi dvArA likhI gaI hai| mahattva aura grantha-vaiziSTaya - uttarakAla meM parIkSAmukha kA itanA vyApaka prabhAva par3A ki paravartI aneka AcAryoM ke grantha parIkSA mukha ke upajIvya bne| hemacandrAcArya kI 'pramANamImAMsA' aura vAdidevasUri kA 'pramANanayatattvAlokAlaGkAra' ye do grantha to parIkSAmukha ke vizeSa AbhArI haiN| prabhAcandra, laghu anantavIrya, paNDitAcArya cArukIrti, zAntivarNI Adi kaI vidvAn unake pramukha TIkAkAra hI haiN| nyAyadIpikAkAra AcArya abhinavadharmabhUSaNa ne nyAyadIpikA meM parIkSAmukha ke sUtroM ko sAdara uddhRta kiyA hai| eka sthala para to parIkSAmukhasUtrakartA ke lie bhagavAn' aura 'bhaTTAraka' jaise vizeSaNoM se sambodhita kiyA hai|' parIkSAmukha ke sabhI sUtra nape-tule, sAra-yukta, artha-garbha, asaMdigdha aura alpa zabdoM ko lie hue haiN| udAharaNArtha prathama sUtra ko hI liijie| isake sabhI pada sahetuka, tathA apanI vizeSatA ke dyotaka haiN| parIkSAmukha meM prAyaH sarvatra paramata ke nirAkaraNa ke sAtha svamata-sthApanA kI zailI kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| udAharaNa ke lie nimna sUtroM ko dekhie - (ka) tatprAmANyaM svata: prtshc| parIkSAmukha 1.13 (kha) etadvayamevAnumAnAGgaM nodAharaNam / parIkSAmukha 3.33 (ga) na ca te tdngge| parIkSAmukha 3.36 anya kucha granthoM ke sAtha parIkSAmukha kI tulanA(ka) parIkSAmukha aura pramANanayatattvAlokAlaGkAra - pramANanayatattvAlokAlaGkAra aura parIkSAmukha ke sUtroM kI jaba hama tulanA karate haiM to lagatA hai ki parIkSAmukha ke sUtra hI vAdidevasUri ne kahIM-kahIM kucha zabda-parivartana karake jyoMke-tyoM rakha die haiM, kahIM zabdADambara itanA bar3hA diyA hai ki artha bhI kliSTa ho gayA hai, kahIM-kahIM udAharaNoM meM aprasiddha zabdoM kA prayoga bhI kiyA gayA hai| jisase arthAvabodha meM kaSTa hotA hai, kahIM-kahIM sUtroM kA bhAva hI tirobhUta ho gayA hai| kahIM sUtra itane lambe dikhAI par3ate haiM, jaise koI bhASya likhA jA rahA ho| isake viparIta parIkSAmukha ke sUtra laghu, sarala aura arthagarimA se samanvita haiN| pramANanayatattvAlokAlaGkAra ke prathama chaha pariccheda to parIkSAmukha ke AdhAra para banAye gaye haiM, parantu antima do paricchedoM meM nayAdi kA atirikta varNana kiyA gayA hai, jisakI 'parIkSAmukha' meM kevala sUcanA dI gaI hai| pramANanayatattvAlokAlaGkAra meM sUtrAtmakatA kI apekSA vRttirUpatA adhika hai| sambhavataH lekhaka kA abhiprAya viSaya-spaSTIkaraNa evaM pANDitya-pradarzana rahA ho / (kha) parIkSAmukha aura pramANamImAMsA-ina donoM granthoM kI bhI tulanA karane para jJAta hotA hai ki pramANamImAMsA meM bhI parIkSAmukha kA paryApta anukaraNa kiyA gayA hai| anukaraNa karane para bhI pramANamImAMsA ke sUtroM meM vaha laghurUpatA nahIM A pAI, jo parIkSAmukha ke sUtroM meM hai| itanA avazya hai ki usake sUtroM meM pramANanayatattvAlokAlaGkAra ke sUtroM kI taraha dIrgharUpatA nahIM hai| 335

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(ga) nyAyasUtra, nyAyavindu aura parIkSAmukha-yadyapi parIkSAmukha meM dharmakIrti ke nyAyabindu, diGganAga ke nyAyapraveza aura gautama ke nyAyasUtra kA prabhAva parilakSita hotA hai to bhI parIkSAmukha ke sUtra nyAyavindu Adi kI apekSA alpAkSara aura arthagarbha haiN| nyAyasUtra aura nyAyabindu meM pramANasAmAnya kA koI lakSaNa upalabdha nahIM hai, kevala usake bhedoM ko ginA diyA gyaa| hai| para parIkSAmukha meM pramANasAmAnya kA lakSaNa tathA usake bheda donoM upalabdha haiN| isI taraha nyAyasUtra meM savyabhicAra hetvAbhAsa kA lakSaNa karate samaya usakA paryAyavAcI hI zabda rakhA gayA hai| jisase usakA lakSaNa spaSTa nahIM ho sakA hai| jaba ki parIkSAmukha meM usakA lakSaNa spaSTa milatA hai| isase prakaTa hai ki parIkSAmukha na kevala jaina nyAyavidyA kA eka apUrva grantha hai, apitu bhAratIya nyAya zAstra-gagana kA vaha eka prakAzamAna nakSatra hai| granthakAra parIkSAmukha ke kartA kauna haiM aura unakA samaya evaM paricaya kyA hai ? Adi praznoM kA yahA~ uThanA svAbhAvika hai| ata: una para yahA~ saMkSipta vicAra kiyA jA rahA hai| isa mahattvapUrNa jaina nyAyasUtra grantha ke kartA AcArya mANikyanandi haiM, jinakA ullekha evaM smaraNa zilAlekhoM4 aura samavartI evaM uttaravartI sAhityika racanAoM meM kiyA gayA hai| unake samakAlIna AcArya nayanandi (vi0 kI 11 vIM zatI) ne unheM 'mahApaNDita' aura 'tarkakuzala likhA hai|" prabhAcandra aura anantavIrya jaise unake samartha TIkAkAra to unakI prazaMsA karate hue nahIM aghAte haiN| prabhAcandra kahate haiM ki unake caraNaprasAda se hI unheM jaina nyAyazAstra tathA ajainanyAyazAstra kA jJAna huA hai, jisake ve samudra haiN| anantavIrya 'namo mANikyanandine' jaise sammAna-sUcaka zabdoM dvArA unake prati atyadhika Adara evaM zraddhA vyakta karate haiN| isase mAlUma par3atA hai ki mANikyanandi tarkazAstra ke paNDita to the hI, anya zAstroM ke bhI ve marmajJa the| inakA samaya pro0 darabArIlAla jI koThiyA ne UhApoha ke sAtha vikrama kI 11 vIM zatAbdI (I. san 1028) nirNIta kiyA hai aura aneka AdhAroM se mANikyanandi aura unake Adya TIkAkAra prabhAcandra meM guru-ziSya kA sambandha siddha kiyA hai| sandarbha - 1. prmaannaadrthsNsiddhistdaabhaasaadvipryyH| iti vakSye tayorlakSma siddhamalpaM laghIyasaH / / 1 / / 2. parIkSAmukhamAdarza heyopaadeytttvyoH| saMvide mAdRzo bAlaH parIkSAdakSavadvyadhAm // 2 // 3. 'gambhIraM nikhilArthagocaramalaM shissyprbodhprdm| yadvayaktaM padamadvitIyamakhilaM mANikyanandiprabhoH / / 3. 'akalaGkavacombhodheruddadhai yena dhiimtaa| nyAyavidyAmRtaM tasmai namo mANikyanandine / prameyaratnamAlA zlo0 2 AcArya prabhAcandra ne bhI prameyakamalamArtaNDa ke prArambha meM kahA hai 'zrImadakalaGkArtho'vyutpannaprajJairavagantuM na zakyata iti tadvyutpAdanAya karatalAmalaka vat tadartha muddhatya pratipAdayitu - kAmastatparijJAnA'granuhecchApreritastadarthapratipAdanapravaNaM prakaraNamidamAcAryaH praah| 5. isa sambandha meM pro0 darabArIlAlajI koThiyA kA vaha zodhapUrNa nibandha draSTavya hai jo anekAnta (varSa 5, kiraNa 3, 4) tathA AptaparIkSA kI prastAvanA meM prakAzita hai| unhoMne isameM 7 granthoM kI tulanA dvArA parIkSAmukha ke mUla-srotoM kI khoja prastuta kI hai| 6. vizeSa-prameyakamalamArtaNDa-bhUmikA-paM0 mahendrakumAra nyaayaacaary| 7. vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie tattat granthoM kA tathA pro0 darabArIlAla jI ke prabandha kA (hIrakajayanti-kAnajIsvAmI-abhinandanagrantha, pRSTha 300) avalokana kreN| 8. nyAyadIpikA (sampAdana tathA hindI anuvAda-pro.darabArIlAla koThiyA) pRSTha-26, 27, 33, 34, 52, 73, 74, 80, 99 aadi| 9. 'tathA cAha bhagavAn mANikyanandibhaTTAraka:'-nyAyadIpikA, pRSTha-120 10. kramazaH draSTavya sUtroM kI saMkhyA-(ka) pramA. naya. 1.3 tathA 2.2, parIkSA 1.2 tathA 2.3 11. vizeSa ke lie dekheM, paM0 vaMzIdharajI vyAkaraNAcArya kA isa viSaya kA lekha, jaina siddhAntabhAskara, bhAga 2, ki. 1,2 12. anaikAntika: svybhicaarH|-nyaaysuutr 1.2 13. 'vipksse'pyviruddhvRttirnaikaantikH'|-priikssaamukh 6.30 336

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14. dekheM, zilAlekha naM0 105, 224, zilAlekha saMgraha pR0 200 15. dekheM, nayanandi kA sudNsnncriu| 16. dekheM, prameyakamalamArtaNDa tathA prmeyrtnmaalaa| 17. dekheM, nayanandi ka sudNsnncriu| 18. dekheM, prameyakamalamArtaNDa ke Adi va antima prshsti-pdy| 19. dekheM, prameyaratnamAlA kArikA 2 20. dekheM, pro0 darabArIlAla koThiyA, parIkSAmukha kI prastAvanA, pRSTha 29 AcArya haribhadrasUri aura unakI dharmasaMgrahaNI samarAiccakahA, dhUrtAkhyAna Adi sarasa aura manoraMjaka AkhyAnapradhAna granthoM, anekAntajayapatAkA, SaDdarzanasamuccaya, yogabindu, zAstravArtAsamuccaya Adi prasiddha dArzanika maulika granthoM tathA Avazyaka, dazavaikAlika Adi AgamoM para vyAkhyAtmaka sAhitya ke lekhaka zrI AcArya haribhadrasUri hI isa 'dharmasaMgrahaNI' grantha ke racayitA haiN| inhoMne sarasa kathAsAhitya ke alAvA darzanazAstra para bhI apUrva pANDitya prApta kiyA thaa| ye bar3e medhAvI aura vicArazIla lekhaka the| zrI rAjazekharasUri ne inheM 1444 prakaraNoM kA racayitA mAnA hai| parantu vartamAna meM na to ina sabhI granthoM kI upalabdhi hai aura na unake nAmAdi kA ThIka-ThIka parijJAna / Aja inake jina granthoM ke nAma sunane meM Ate haiM, ve nimnokta (1) anuyogadvAralaghuvRtti, (2) anekAntajayapatAkA (svopajJaTIkAsahita), (3) anekAntapraghaTTa, (4) anekAntavAdapraveza, (5) arhacchrIcUDAmaNi, (6) aSTakaprakaraNa, (7) AvazyakaTIkA, (8) AvazyakabRhaTTIkA, (6) upadezapadAni, (10) upadezaprakaraNa, (11) oghaniyuktivRtti, (12) kathAkoza, (13) karmastavavRtti, (14) kulakAni, (15) kSamAvallIbIja, (16) kSetrasamAsavRtti, (17) caityavandanabhASya (saMskRta), (18) caityavandanavRtti, (16) jambUdvIpaprajJaptiTIkA, (20) jambUdvIpasaMgrahaNI, (21) jIvAbhigamalaghuvRtti, (22) jJAnapaJcakavivaraNa, (23) tattvataraGgiNI, (24) tattvArthalaghuvRtti, (25) tribhaGgIsAra, (26) darzanazuddhiprakaraNa, (27) darzanasaptatikA, (28) dazavaikAlikalaghuvRtti, (29) dazavaikAlikabRhavRtti, (30) dinazuddhi, (31) devendranarendraprakaraNa, (32) dvijavadanacapeTA, (33) dharmabindu, (34) dharmalAbhasiddhi, (35) dharmasaMgrahaNI, (36) dharmasAra, (37) dhUrtAkhyAna, (38) dhyAnazatakavRtti, (39) nandI-adhyayanaTIkA, (40) nAnAcitraprakaraNa, (41) nyAyapravezaTIkA, 342) nyAyavinizcaya, (43) nyAyAvatAravRtti, (44) paJcaniyaMThI, (45) paJcaliGgI, (46) paJcavastukaprakaraNa (svopajJaTIkAsahita), (47) paJcasUtravivaraNa, (48) paJcasthAnaka, (49) paJcAzaka, (50) paralokasiddhi, (51) piNDaniyuktivRtti, (52) prajJApanapradeza vyAkhyA, (53) pratiSThAkalpa, (54) bRhanmithyAtvamathana, (55) munipaticaritra, (56) yatidinakRtya, (57) yazodharacaritra, (58) yogadRSTisamuccaya, (59) yogabindu, (60) yogazataka, (61) yogaviMzati, (62) lagnakuNDalikA, (63) lagnazuddhi, (64) laghukSetrasamAsa, (65) laghusaMgrahaNI, (66) lokatattvanirNaya, (67) lokabindu, (68) viMzikA, (69) vIrastava, (70) vIrAGgadakathA, (71) vedabAhyatAnirAkaraNa, (72) vyavahArakalpa, (73) zAstravArtAsamuccaya (svopajJaTIkAsahita), (74) zrAvaka prajJaptivRtti, (75) zrAvakadharmatantra, (76) SaDdarzanasamuccaya, (77) SaDdarzanI, (78) SoDazaka, (79) saMkitapaJcAsI, (80) saMgrahaNIvRtti, (81) sapaJcAsittarI, (82) saMbodhasittarI, (83) saMbodhaprakaraNa, (84) saMsAradAvAstuti, (85) saMskRtAtmAnuzAsana, (86) samarAiccakahA, (87) sarvajJasiddhi (TIkAsahita), (88) syAdvAdakucodyaparihAra / / isa taraha inameM kucha to maulika grantha haiM aura kucha vyaakhyaatmk| unameM bhI kucha sarasa sAhityika, kucha dArzanika, kucha caritAtmaka, kucha stotrAtmaka Adi haiN| haribhadra nAma ke kaI AcArya hue haiM parantu unameM dharmasaMgrahaNIkAra sabase prAcIna haiM aura jaina AgamoM ke prAcIna TIkAkAra ke rUpa meM prasiddha haiN| ApakA samaya koI vi0 za09-10 mAnate haiM aura kucha vi0 za06-7 mAnate haiN| zrI kalyANavijaya jI ne dvitIya mata kA (vi0 za0 6-7) bar3e UhApoha ke sAtha samarthana kiyA hai| ApakA janma rAjasthAna (mevAr3a) ke citrakUTa (cittaur3a) nagara meM huA thaa| Apane apanA jIvana vizeSa rUpa se rAjapUtAnA aura gujarAta meM hI 337

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vyatIta kiyaa| ye janma se brAhmaNa aura advitIya pANDitya ke kAraNa tatkAlIna rAjA jitAri ke rAjapurohita bhI the| Apa jAti se yadyapi brAhmaNa the tathApi bAda meM jaina ho gaye the| 'prabhAvakacaritra' meM etadviSayaka eka ullekha milatA hai, tadanusAra Apako apane pANDitya para itanA garva thA ki inakA kahanA thA ki sAre bhUkhaNDa meM merI to kyA mere ziSya kI bhI koI barAbarI nahIM kara sktaa'| yahA~ taka ki ye jambU vRkSa kI eka zAkhA apane pAsa meM rakhate the tathA peTa para eka svarNa paTTa bhI bA~dhe rahate the jisakA matalaba thA ki jambUdvIpa meM mujha jaisA koI vidvAn nahIM evaM peTa meM itanA jJAna hai ki usameM samA na sakane ke kAraNa kahIM phaTa na jaave| inakI eka pratijJA bhI thI ki jisakA vacana nahIM samajhUgA usakA ziSya ho jaauuNgaa| eka bAra rAjA kA madonmatta hAthI AtpAtastambha ko lekara nagara meM daur3a rahA thaa| haribhadra usase vacane kA prayatna karate hue samIpastha eka jaina upAzraya meM ghusa gye| vahA~ jina pratimA ko dekhakara upahAsa kiyA magara eka dina kisI jaina upAzraya meM yAkinI mahattarA sAdhvI ko eka gAthA par3hate hue sunA / bahuta prayatna karane para bhI jaba usakA artha unakI samajha meM nahIM AyA to unhoMne yAkinI mahattarA se usakA artha puuchaa| taba sAdhvI ne niyamAnusAra zvetAmbara gacchapati AcArya jinadatta ke pAsa bhejaa| AcArya jinadatta se ukta gAthA kA artha samajhakara pratijJAnusAra unake ziSya bana gye| haribhadra ne yAkinI mahattarA ko apanI dharma mAtA banA liyaa| inakI vidvattA aura sadAcAraparAyaNatA ko dekhakara AcArya ne inheM paTTadhara AcArya banA diyaa| tadanantara haribhadra bhramaNa karate hue jainadharma kA prasAra karane lge| dharmasaMgrahaNI haribhadrakRta prastuta grantha meM 1396 prAkRta gAthAe~ haiM jinameM nAnA prakAra kI yuktiyoM, kalpanAoM evaM pramANoM ke dvArA dharma kA nirvacana karate hue AtmA ke svarUpa kA hI vizeSa rUpa se pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| isa para prasiddha vRttikAra AcArya malayagirisUrikRta saMskRta-TIkA bhI upalabdha hai jo gAthAoM ke artha bodha meM bahuta sahAyaka hai| TIkAkAra ne dharmasaMgrahaNI ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai-pUrvArdha aura uttarArdha / pUrvArdha meM dharma-nirvacana ke sAtha AtmA kI sattA, usakI anAdi nidhanatA, amUrtatA, pariNAmitA aura jJasvabhAvatA kI siddhi kI hai| uttarArdha meM AtmA ke hI kartRtva, bhoktRtva, aura sarvajJatva kI siddhi karate hue bhAvadharma ke phalAdi kA nirvacana kiyA hai| grantha meM yathAprasaGga bahuta-sI dArzanika bAtoM kA jaisAki anya darzana-granthoM meM prAyaH pAyA jAtA hai, vicAra kiyA gayA hai jisakA hama Age calakara vistAra, se kathana kreNge| saMkSepa meM granthakAra ne 'namiUNa vIyarAga.' isa gAthA se prArambha karake 35 gAthA paryanta maGgalapUrvaka grantha ke abhidheya prayojana Adi kA varNana kiyA hai| 'jIvo u natthi keI.' isa 36 vIM gAthA se lekara 158 vIM gAthA paryanta bhautikavAdI cArvAkamata kI parIkSA karake jIva ke astittva ko siddha kiyA hai| 'jamhANa kitti mo so' isa 159 vIM gAthA se lekara 191 vIM gAthA paryanta jIva ke anAdinidhana ko, 'kamma vimukkasarUvo' isa gAthA yugala (192-193) ke dvArA AtmA ke amUrtatva ko, 'pariNAmI khalu jIvo.' isa 194 vIM gAthA se 475 vIM gAthA paryanta jIva ke pariNAmitva ko, 'jAtA saMvittIu' isa 476 vIM gAthA se 545 paryanta AtmA ke jJAyakatva ko, 'katta ti dAramahuNA' isa 546 vIM gAthA se 580 gAthA paryanta AtmA ke kartRtva ko, 'bhottA sakaDaphalassa ya' isa 581 vIM gAthA se 605 gAthA paryanta AtmA ke bhoktRtva ko, 'nANAdi pariNati' isa 606 vIM gAthA se 748 gAthA paryanta jIva aura karma ke saMyoga-sambandha ko, 'sammatta nANa caraNA' isa 749 vIM gAthA se 1137 gAthA paryanta bhAvadharma ko, 'coeti kahaM rAgAdi' isa 1138 vIM gAthA se 1375 gAthA paryanta vItarAga sarvajJasiddhi ko, 'kAUNa imaM dhamma' isa 1376 vIM gAthA se 1396 gAthA paryanta pUrva pratipAdita bhAvadharma ke phala ko pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| uparyukta pramukha viSayoM ke alAvA yathA prasaGga jo avAntara anya viSaya pratipAdita haiM, una saba kA vivaraNa nimna prakAra hai dharmasaMgrahaNI meM granthakAra ne sarvaprathama (1-3) vItarAga, sarvajJa, devapUjya, yathArthavaktA, aura acintyazaktisampanna bhagavAn mahAvIra ko namaskAra kiyA hai tathA paropakAra karanevAlI jinavANI ko gurUpadeza se jAnakara saMkSipta dharma saMgrahaNI ke pratipAdana karane kI pratijJA kI hai| isake bAda paropakArayukta puruSArtha ko dharma batalAte hue upakAra ke do bheda kie haiM-dravyopakAra aura bhaavopkaar| annapAnAdi dAnarUpa dravyopakAra hai| samyagdarzana, jJAna aura cAritra meM jisase sthiti ho vaha bhAvopakAra hai / isa prakAra dravyopakAra aura bhAvopakAra kA svarUpa batalAkara bhAvopakAra kI zreSThatA batalAte hue do zreSThiyoM ke dRSTAnta die haiN| isake bAda punaH jinavacana ke atizaya kA pratipAdana karate hue prakRta grantha 338

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meM pravRtti karAne ke lie bhavyoM ke prati upadeza diyA hai| tadanantara dharma zabda kI nirukti batalAte hue mokSa ke prati dharma kA asAdhanatA kA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai| isake bAda (27-33) nAmadharma, sthApanAdharma, dravyadharma, kSetradharma, kAladharma bhAvadharma ke bheda se dharma ke chaha bhedoM kA svarUpa batalAyA hai| tatpazcAt, (34) grantha kI saGgati batalAte hue jIva aura karmayoga kA zrutAnusAra varNana karane kI pratijJA karate haiN| jIva ke svarUpa ko batalAte hue sarvaprathama granthakAra anAdinidhana, amUrtIka, pariNAmI, kartA aura karmaphalabhoktA ke rUpa meM jIva ko pradarzita karate haiN| isake bAda jIva meM uparyukta guNoM kI sattA siddha karane ke pUrva jIva ke astittva ko pRthivyAdi se pRthak na mAnane vAle bhautikavAdiyoM ke pUrvapakSa ko upasthita karake usakA vahana karate hue jIva kI sattA siddha karate haiM kyoMki jaba taka sAmAnya jIva kA astittva siddha nahIM ho jAtA hai taba taka usake vizeSaguNoM kA sAdhana kaise ho sakatA hai| bhautikapuruSavAdImata-parIkSAdvAra 123 gAthAoM (36-185) vAle isa prakaraNa meM sarvaprathama bhautika padArthoM se bhinna jIva ke astittva ko svIkAra na karanevAle bhautikavAdiyoM (cAvakoM) ke pakSa ko pUrva pakSa ke rUpa meM upasthita karate haiN| isa prasaGga meM pratyakSAdi pramANa aura abhAva-pramANa Adi se jIva ke svatantra astittva kA khaNDana karate hue jAti-smaraNa, stanapAnAbhilASA Adi se jIva ke astittva ko siddha karanevAle AstikoM kA khaNDana bhI kiyA gayA hai (36-43) / tatpazcAt bhautikavAdiyoM ke mata kA khaNDana karate hue granthakAra sarvaprathama avagrahAdi AtmaguNoM ko anubhavasiddha batalAte haiN| tadanantara buddhi ko apratyakSa mAnanevAle mImAMsakoM kA nirAkaraNa karake usake pratyakSatva ko siddha kiyA hai| yahIM para jJAna ko jJAnAntaravedyasvIkAra karanevAle naiyAyikoM ke mata kA bhI khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra AtmA ke apratyakSatva sAdhana meM prayukta yuktiyoM kA, caitanya ke bhUtadharmatva kA, bhUtakAryatva kA, zarIrajanyatva kA, cArvAka dvArA upasthita 'tadbhAve tadbhAvAt' isa hetu kA aura madyadRSTAnta kA khaNDana kiyA hai| isake bAda anumAna Adi pramANa se jIva ke astittva ko siddha karate hue AtmapratiSedhaka bhAvAtmaka pramANoM ke abhAva kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| isake atirikta yathAprasaGga mImAMsakAbhimata AlocanAtmaka nivikalpaka jJAna ke prAmANya kA nirAkaraNa, naiyAyika-vaizeSikAbhimata 'vizeSaNa-jJAna pramANa hai aura vizeSyajJAna phala' isa mata kA khaNDana, saugata vizeSAbhimata jJAna ke prameyasArUpyapramANavAda kA khaNDana, gauNavRtti se bhI jJAna hI pramANa hai isa mata kA khaNDana, 'vijJAnaghana' ityAdi padoM kA yathArtha vyAkhyAna, paraloka zabda kI vyAkhyA, AtmA ke paralokagamana Adi kI siddhi bhI kI gaI hai| anAdinidhanatvadvAra jIva ke astittva ko siddha karane ke anantara granthakAra 33 gAthAoM (156-191) dvArA anAdinidhanatvadvAra meM jIva ke anAdinidhanatva meM kAraNa upasthita karate hue usakI kRtrimatA meM dUSaNa dete haiN| isI prasaGga meM granthakAra Izvara ke jagat-kartRtva kA bhI khaNDana karate haiN| jagatkartRtva ke khaNDana meM granthakAra ne anavasthA, prayojanAbhAva, pramANAbhAva, asundaratA, saMsAra kI anAditA, Izvara kI AdimattA, yuktivirahatA, vicitra jIvoM ke nirmANa kA abhAva, madhyasthatA kA abhAva, jagannirmANa kI asamarthatA, Izvara ke bhI karmaphalavedana ke prasaGga kI prApti Adi nAnA prakAra ke doSoM ko upasthita kiyA hai| amUrtattvadvAra jIva ke anAdinidhanatva ko siddha karane ke anantara granthakAra jIva ke amUrttatva kI siddhi kevala do gAthAoM (192-193) dvArA hI karate haiN| isa prasaGga meM jIva ke amUrttatva ko siddha karate hue lokaprasiddhi ko bhI hetu rUpa se upasthita kiyA hai| pariNAmitvadvAra - jIva ke amUrtatva ko siddha karane ke uparAnta usake pariNAmitva ko 282 gAthAoM ( 194-475) dvArA siddha kiyA gayA hai| isa prasaGga meM granthakAra ne sarvaprathama sukhAdiyoga kI anyathAnupapatti rUpa hetu se jIva ke pariNAmI svabhAva ko siddha kiyA hai| arthAt sarvathA ekAnta, nitya aura anitya pakSa meM sukha-duHkhAdi kA ucita sambandha sambhava nahIM hai| ata: jIva ko pariNAmI mAnanA Avazyaka hai| yadi ekAnta se nitya mAnA jAvegA to jIva jaba sukhI hogA to usake kabhI bhI sukha kA abhAva nahIM hogA aura yadi duHkhI hogA to usake duHkha kA kabhI abhAva bhI nahIM hogA, yadi yugapat 339

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ubhaya svabhAva mAnoge to yugapat use sukha-duHkha kA anubhava honA caahie| parantu aisA anubhava meM nahIM aataa| isI prakAra anitya pakSa meM bhI sukha-duHkhAdi kI ucita vyavasthA sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki ekAnta kSaNika pakSa meM kArya-kAraNabhAva nahIM banatA aura kArya-kAraNabhAva ke abhAva meM sukha-duHkhAdi nirhetuka honepara abhAva se bhAva kI utpatti, bhAva kA vinAza, kRtanAza, akRtAgama Adi nAnAvidha doSa AveMge / isa taraha sabhI vyavasthA gar3abar3a ho jaavegii| ataH jIva ko sarvathA nitya yA anitya na mAnakara pariNAmasvabhAvI (utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya) mAnanA caahie| AtmA ko pariNAmI svabhAva mAnane se use zarIra-pramANa bhI mAnA gayA hai, na sarvagata aura na aNu maatr| isI taraha prakaraNavaza granthakAra nityavAdiyoM ke khaNDana-prasaGga meM jJAna-jJAnavAn ke ekAntabheda aura pradhAna (prakRti) ke bandha mokSa kA khaNDana,16 karate hue AtmA ke bandha-mokSarUpa pariNAma kI siddhi karate haiN| kiJca, nityapakSa meM vyavahAralopa aura santAna kI apekSA vyavahAra mAnane para usakA bhI khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra ekAnta kSaNikavAdI bauddhoM kA khaNDana karate hue kAryakAraNabhAva kI anutpatti, abhAva se bhAva kI anutpatti, kAraNa se kArya kI utpatti mAnane para anvayasiddhi kA prasaGga, kAraNanAza-kAryotpAda ko yugapat svIkAra karane para doSa, pratItyasamutpAda kA khaNDana, kAraNa ke sattAmAtra se kAryotpAda kA khaNDana, dvitIya kSaNa meM kArya kI kAraNasApekSatA kA khaNDana, kAryakAraNa kI svabhAvavizeSa kalpanA kA khaNDana, kAraNavaiziSTya kA ayoga, upAdAna sahakArikAraNoM se bhI vaiziSTyasiddhi kA abhAva, anAdivaiziSTya kA khaNDana, upAdAnakSaNa kI viziSTasvabhAvatA kA khaNDana, pratyakSAnupalambha Adi ke dvArA kArya-kAraNabhAva ke nizcaya kA abhAva, kAraNa kI sattAmAtra se kArya mAnane para atiprasaGga, arthakriyAvirodha, kArya meM kAraNadharma ke niyamana kA abhAva, vAsanA se bhI kArya-kAraNabhAva kI anutpatti, sukhAdiyoga kA abhAva Adi viSayoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| isake atirikta isI adhikAra meM dravyaparyAyAtmaka vastu kI siddhi, kevala bhedavAdI bauddhoM aura kevala abhedavAdI naiyAyikoM ke mata kA khaNDana, dravya aura paryAya meM kathaJcit bhedAbheda kI siddhi, AtmA ke sarvagatattva kA nirAkaraNa, Atmastha hokara hI jJAna vastu ko prakAzita karatA hai isakI siddhi, AtmA ke zarIrapramANa kI siddhi, kevalajJAna ke sarvagatattva kA AtmA ke aNumAtra kA khaNDana, AtmA ke sapradezatva kI siddhi, AtmA kI nityAnityatA kI vyavasthA, anvayavyatireka se vastu ke pariNAmitva kI siddhi, bauddhoM ke dvArA svIkRta nirvikalpaka pratyakSajJAna kA khaNDana, aura savikalpakajJAna kI siddhi Adi vividha viSayoM kI carcA kI gaI hai| kartRtvadvAra jIva ke jJAtRtva ko siddha karane ke bAda usake kartApane ko 35 gAthAoM ( 546-580) dvArA siddha karate hue sarvaprathama tadviSayaka anumAna aura loka-vyavahAra ko hetu rUpa se upasthita kiyA hai|" yahA~ batalAyA hai ki jIva apane karma phala ko bhogane ke kAraNa apane karmoM kA svayaM kartA hai| yahA~ svakarma phala bhogarUpa hetu svarUpAsiddha nahIM hai kyoMki aisA na mAnane para lokavirodha, yuktivirodha, sarvajJopadezavirodha Adi doSa aaveNge| Age lokavirodha ko batalAte hue likhA hai- kisI jIva ko sukhI athavA duHkhI dekhakara loka meM kahA jAtA hai ki vaha apane karma-phala ko bhoga rahA hai| yaha kathana 'pratyeka vaTa meM yakSa rahatA hai' isa vAkya kI taraha mithyAlokapravAda nahIM hai kyoMki nAnArUpa sukha-duHkha kA anubhava nirhetuka nahIM ho sakatA, aadi| isI prakaraNa meM svabhAvavAda, ekAnta niyativAda, yadRcchAvAda, devavAda Adi vAdoM kA khaNDana, jIva ke sukhAbhilASI hone para bhI duHkhakArI karmoM ko karane kA spaSTIkaraNa, itaretarAzraya doSa ko dUra karate hue karma aura mithyAtva ke udbhava kI vyavasthA, karma ke kRtaka hone para bhI pravAha rUpa se anAditA, karma ke anAdi hone para dRSTAntIbhUta kAla kI anAditA Adi viSayoM kI sayuktika carcA kI gaI hai| bhoktRtvadvAra jIva ke kartRtva ko siddha karake granthakAra isa prakaraNa meM 25 gAthAoM ( 581-605) dvArA jIva ke bhoktRtva, 143 gAthAoM ( 606-748) dvArA jIvakarmasaMyoga aura 389 gAthAoM (749-1137 ) dvArA bhAvedharma kA prarUpaNa karate haiM jisase yaha bhoktRtvadvAra bahuta vizAla ho gayA hai| sarvaprathama granthakAra anubhava loka aura AgamapramANa ke dvArA jIva ke bhoktRtva ko siddha karate hue bhoktRtva ke na svIkAra karane para dUSaNa dete haiN| isa ke bAda karmavipAka ke vedanarUpa AtmapariNati ko hI bhoktRtA batalAte hue granthakAra loka prasiddha ukti kA spaSTIkaraNa karate haiN| yadi svakRta sAtAsAtA 340

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vedanIyAdi karma vipAka ke anubhavarUpa kriyA hI karmabhoga kriyA kahI jAtI hai to loka meM aGganAdi ke sambandha hone para hI yaha bhoktA hai aisI prasiddhi kyoM hai ? isakA uttara dete hue granthakAra ne likhA hai ki vaha svakRta karmavipAka vedanarUpa kriyA prAyaH srak-candana-aGganA Adi sahakArikAraNa ke sAnnidhya se dekhI jAne ke kAraNa lokavyavahAra aisA hotA hai| isase karmavipAka ke anubhava rUpa AtmapariNati ko bhoktRtA mAnane meM koI doSa nahIM hai| isI prasaGga meM granthakAra ne Izvara ko karma phala dene meM preraka kAraNa svIkAra karanevAloM kA bhI khaNDana kiyA hai tathA loka Adi ke dvArA jIva kI bhoktRtA ko puSTa kiyA hai| isake uparAnta granthakAra jIva kA ( sukha-duHkha denevAle ) karmoM ke sAtha sambandha batalAne ke lie karma kA svarUpa, karma kA amUrtika jIva ke sAtha sambandha, mUrta karma ke dvArA amUrta jIva ke upaghAta aura anugraha kA samarthana, saMsArI jIva ke sarvathA amUrttatva kA niSedha, amUrtakarmavAdiyoM kA khaNDana, deha-AtmA kA sambandha, bAhyArtha kA khaNDana karanevAle vijJAnavAdiyoM ke pUrva pakSa ko upasthita kara usakA khaNDana, paramANu kA svarUpa, avayavI kA svarUpa, avayavI kI siddhi, bhramAtmaka jJAna se bhI bAhyArtha kI siddhi, abhAva ko ekAntataH tuccha mAnanevAle dharmakIrti Adi bauddhoM kA khaNDana, jJAna kI sAkAratA, anyathAnupapatti se bAhyArthasiddhi, buddha kI dAnapAramitA anyathAnupapatti se bAhyArtha kI siddhi, karma ke mUrtikapane kI siddhi, AThoM karmoM kI utkRSTa evaM jaghanya sthiti Adi kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| isa prakAra saMkSepa se jIva kA karma ke sAtha sambandha batalAne ke bAda granthakAra grantha ke Adi meM nirdiSTa bhAvadharma kA pratipAdana karate haiN| sarvaprathama bhAvadharma kA svarUpa batalAte hue likhA hai-samyaktva, jJAna aura cAritra rUpa jo mokSamArga bhagavAn jinendra ne batalAyA hai vahI bhAvadharma hai| isI prakaraNa meM bhAvadharma ke mUlabhUta samyaktva kI prApti kA prakAra, samyaktvAdi guNa se rahita jIva ke bandha adhika aura nirjarA kama hone para bhI granthibheda kA samAdhAna, anantabhava-bhAvita saMsAra ke hone para bhI samyaktva kI prApti ke bAda zIghra vinAza meM yukti, sabhI jIvoM ke granthibheda meM vIryotkarSa kI nimittatA kA niSedha, daiva aura puruSArtha kI tulyabalavattA, granthibheda kI kaSTasAdhyatA, jisa prakAra samyaktva vihIna jIva bahuta karmasthiti kA kSaya kara detA hai usI prakAra zeSa alpa karma sthiti ko kyoM nahIM naSTa kara detA? isake lie darzanAdi kI kyA AvazyakatA hai? isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna, pravRtta-apUrva-anivRttirUpa karaNatraya kA nirUpaNa, samyaktva ke kSayopazamikAdi bhedoM kA nirvacana, kAraka aura dIpakasamyaktva kA nirvacana, nisargaruci aura AjJAruci Adi 10 prakAra ke samyaktva kA kSayopazamikAdi samyaktva meM antarbhAva, nizcaya naya se samyaktva aura mauna meM abheda hone para bhI vyavahAra naya se donoM meM pArthakya, Abhinibodhika Adi 5 jJAnoM kA varNana, jJaptisvabhAva se jJAna ke aikya kA khaNDana, jJAnoM ke pArthakya meM sthUlanimittatA, pA~ca se adhika jJAnoM kA khaNDana, kSINAvaraNavAle kevaliyoM ke Abhinibodhika (matijJAna) jJAna ke prasaGga kA khaNDana, kevalajJAnAvaraNa ke prati samaya pradezataH kSaya hone para bhI carama samaya meM hI kevalajJAna kI utpatti kA samarthana, jJAnoM ke kramaza: kathana kA prayojana, cAritra kA svarUpa-nirvacana, zramaNoM ke 6 mUlaguNoM (ahiMsAdi 5 mahAvrata aura rAtribhojanatyAga) kA savistAra kathana, vedavihita hiMsA kI nirdoSatA kA khaNDana, jaina mandira (jinAyatana) kI taraha vedavihita hiMsA kI nirdoSatA kA khaNDana, jinAyatana ke viziSTa guNasAdhakapane kA pradarzana, vedavihitahiMsA meM satphala aura vadhya ke upakAra kA abhAva, vedamantra ke sAtha bhI kI gaI hiMsA meM vyabhicAra Adi doSoM kA varNana, svanindA meM hetubhUta mRSAvAda kI aduSTatA kA khaNDana, aikAntika pakSa kA khaNDana karake anekAntavAda kI satyatA kI sthApanA, avadhAraNapUrvaka vacanatyAga kA upadeza, para-pIDAkAraka satyavANI meM bhI mithyApanA, vANijya kI taraha corI ko bhI nirdoSa mAnanevAle skanda-rudra Adi ke anuyAyioM ke mata kA pUrvapakSapUrvaka khaNDana, strIsevA ko nirdoSa mAnane vAloM kA yukti aura pramANa se pUrvapakSapUrvaka khaNDana, ratnatraya (buddha, dharma aura saGgha) kI vRddhi meM hetubhUta grAmAdi ke parigraha ko aduSTa mAnanevAle bauddhoM kA pUrvapakSapUrvaka khaNDana, vastrAdi (khaNDa, pAtra Adi) dharma ke upakaraNoM ko bhI parigraha mAnane vAle digambaroM (voTikoM) ke mata kA pUrvapakSapUrvaka khaNDana, vastrAdi ke grahaNa se saMyama kI upakAratA kA samarthana, vastrAdi ke dhAraNa karane para bhI nirgranthatA kA samarthana, 'jinaliGga hI jinake ziSyoM dvArA AdaraNIya hai' aisA mAnanevAle digambaroM ko sayuktika zikSA, rAtribhojanatyAga meM pratyakSa aura parokSa phala kI siddhi, Adi vividha viSayoM kA savistAra varNana kiyA gayA hai| isake atirikta piNDavizuddhi Adi zramaNoM ke uttara guNoM ko anya Agama granthoM se dekhane kA mAtra saGketa kiyA hai| zvetAmbara lekhaka dvArA racita hone se digambaratva kA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| vItarAga-sarvajJasiddhidvAra - 341

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AtmA ke bhoktRtva kI siddhi ke bAda usake sarvajJatva kI siddhi meM 238 gAthAe~ (1138-1375) haiN| sarvajJatA prApti ke pUrva vItarAgatA Avazyaka hai| vItarAgatA ke lie bhAvadharma kA pAlana karanA Avazyaka hai| ataH granthakAra ne sarvajJatva kI siddhi ke pUrva jIva-bhoktRtva kI siddhi ke prakaraNa meM hI jIva ke karmabandha aura bhAvadharma kA vivecana karake taduparAnta prApta honevAlI vItarAgatA aura tajjanya sarvajJatA kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| cUMki jJAna AtmA kA guNa hai aura jJAna meM hInAdhikatA pAI jAtI hai| ataH kahA jA sakatA hai ki kahIM-na-kahIM jJAna kA atizaya hai aura jahA~ jJAna kI sarvAtizayatA hai vahA~ sarvajJatA bhI hai| yaha sarvajJatA jIva ko chor3akara anyatra nahIM pAI jAtI ataH granthakAra ne jIvaviziSTa ko sarvajJa siddha kiyA hai| isa prakaraNa meM granthakAra ne sarvaprathama anya prakaraNoM kI taraha sarvajJa kA svarUpa na likhakara vItarAgatA aura sarvajJatva ko svIkAra na karanevAle mImAMsakoM ke pUrvapakSa ko upasthita karate hue likhA hai ki rAgAdi, jJAnAdi kI taraha AtmA ke dharma haiM phira kaise unake nAza se vItarAgatA A sakatI hai ? jaba vItarAgatA nahIM bana sakatI to sarvajJatA kaise sambhava hai ? isI prakaraNa meM mImAMsaka pratyakSAdi pramANoM ke dvArA sarvajJa kI siddhi kA abhAva siddha karate hue sarvajJakRta Agama ko bhI sadoSa siddha karate haiN| isake uparAnta granthakAra uttarapakSa meM mImAMsakoM kA khaNDana karate hue sarvajJa kI siddhi karate haiN| sarvaprathama anAdimAn rAgAdi ke dezakSaya-darzana se pratipakSa kI bhAvanA dvArA sarva kSaya kI sambhAvanA ko upasthita kiyA hai| isake uparAnta bhAvanAdi kA varNana karate hue jJAnAdika ko rAgAdi kA pratipakSI siddha kiyA hai| isake bAda jala aura jvalana (dIpaka) ke dRSTAnta se AtmA ko ekAnta se vinAzarUpa mAnane vAloM kA khaNDana kiyA hai| taduparAnta kSINa rAgAdi ke punarbandha kA abhAva, usakA kAraNa, nairAtmya bhAvanA ko rAgAdi ke vinAza kA nimitta mAnane vAle bauddhoM kA khaNDana, dharma-dharmI meM ekatA, ceSTA se vItarAgatA kA nirNaya, pratyakSa pramANa ke dvArA hI sarva vastujJAnotpatti kI sAdhanatA, AvaraNa kA abhAva hone para jIva kI sarvajJatA, mA~sa Adi azuci padArthoM kA jJAna hone para bhI sarvajJatva meM apavitratA kA khaNDana, vyavahAra aura nizcayanaya se sarvajJajJAna kA nirUpaNa, Agama se sarvajJa kI sattA kA jJAna, Agama ke prAmANya kI vyavasthA, nitya Agama ko mAnanevAle mImAMsakoM kA khaNDana karake kathaJcit nitya Agama kI vyavasthA, Agama kI puruSapraNItatA, veda ke svataH prAmANya kA khaNDana, pratyakSAdi pramANoM se sarvajJapratiSedhakatA kA khaNDana, sarvajJapratiSedhaka pramANa meM dRSTAnta kI saMdigdha sAdhyatA, atIndriyArtha pratipAdaka vaidyaka aura jyotiSAdi zAstroM kI anyathAnupapatti se sarvajJasiddhi, kevalajJAna kI trikAlavastuviSayatA, vastu ke dravya-paryAyAtmakatva kI siddhi, kevalajJAna kI sphuTatA, kevalajJAna aura darzana meM sAkAratA aura anAkAratA ko lekara pArthakya nirUpaNa, viSayabimbasaMkramaNAdi se sAkAratA mAnane vAloM kA khaNDana, kevalajJAna ke sarvagatattva kA khaNDana kyoMki kevalajJAna Atmastha hokara hI sabhI padArthoM ko jAnatA hai, kevalajJAna ke utpattikAla meM hI sarva padArthoM ke jAnane ke sAmarthya kA samarthana, kucha AcAryoM ke mata se kevalajJAna ke sarvagatattva kA samarthana, kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana ke yugapad upayogavAdI vAdisiddhasena kA mata aura usakA jina bhadragaNikSamAzramaNa ke anusAra khaNDana, kevalajJAna aura darzana meM abheda mAnanevAloM kA khaNDana, jinendra deva ke hI sarvajJatva kA samarthana, sarvajJatva ke siddha ho jAne para Agama ke chinnamUlAdi doSoM kA khaNDana Adi vividha viSayoM kA varNana hai| isake uparAnta granthakAra 21 gAthAoM ( 1376-1366 ) dvArA grantha kI parisamApti ke pUrva samyagdarzanAdi rUpa bhAvadharma ke nirvANarUpa phala kA varNana karate haiN| kyoMki prekSAvAnoM kI pravRtti phalaprApti kI AzA se hI hotI hai| isI prakaraNa meM mokSasukha kI nityatA aura mokSasukha kI anupamatA meM kanyAdvaya kA saTIka dRSTAnta diyA gayA hai| isake bAda hamezA jIvoM ke mokSa jAte rahane para bhI bhavyajIvoM ke uccheda kI zaMkA kA khaMDana kiyA hai anta meM sampUrNa grantha kA upasaMhAra karate hue granthakAra ne isakI saMkSiptatA aura bhavyoM ke prati duHkha-vimokSa kI bhAvanA se jinadharma kI sambodhi prApti ke lie maGgalakAmanA kI hai| upasaMhAra - isa taraha sampUrNa grantha meM dharma-nirvacana ke mAdhyama se jIva kI sattA usakI anAdinidhanatA, amUrttatA, pariNAmitA, jJAtRtA, kartRtA, bhaktRtA, sarvajJatA adi kI siddhi ke sAtha nityaikAntavAda, anityaikAntavAda, jagatkartRtvavAda, svabhAvavAda, niyativAda, ajJAnavAda, veda ke svata:prAmANyavAda, vaidika ahiMsAvAda, Agama ke apauruSeyavAda, nirvikalpakajJAnavAda, viSayabimbasaMkramaNavAda, avItarAgatAvAda, karmaphalaprerakatvavAda, vijJAnavAda, jJAnAntaravedyajJAnavAda, 342

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prameyasArUpyapramANavAda, AlocanAtmaka nirvikalpaka prAmANyavAda, vizeSaNajJAna pramANavAda, vizeSyajJAnaphalavAda, samavAyasambandhavAda, digambaroM ke acelakatvavAda Adi vividhavAdoM kA saMkSepa yA vistAra se khaNDana karake jaina zvetAmbarasammata siddhAntoM kI puSTi kI gaI hai| prakaraNavaza samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra, karma, karmabandha, mokSa Adi kA savistAra vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai| prAkRta padya meM nibaddha darzana-zAstra kA yaha eka anUThA grantha hai| isakI bhASA AcArAGga Adi Agama granthoM kI bhA~ti atikaThina na hokara sarala aura madhura hai| yadyapi viSaya bahuta hI spaSTa rIti se samajhAyA gayA hai| parantu kahIM-kahIM prameyakamalamArtaNDa ke vikalpoM kI yAda A jAtI hai| kahIM-kahIM sarasa sAhityika dRSTAntoM se bhI padArtha ko spaSTa kiyA hai| anta meM granthakAra apanI sAmAnya pravRtti ke anusAra 'viraha' zabda ke sAtha isa grantha kI bhI samApti karate haiN| sandarbha sUcI - 1. kahA jAtA hai ki bauddhoM kA saMhAra karane ke saGkalpa ke prAyazcitta ke rUpa meM unake guru ne haribhadra ko 1444 grantha likhane kI AjJA dI thii| isakA ullekha rAjazekharasUri ne apane caturviMzatiprabandha aura muni kSamAkalyANa ne apanI kharataragacchapaTTIvalI meM bhI kiyA hai| dekheM, jainasAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 3, pR0 362-363 / vizeSa ke lie dekheM-dharmasaMgrahaNI prastAvanA-muni kalyANavijaya, patra 11 2. vahI, patra 12-19 / jai. sA. bR. i. bhAga-3, pR0 362 meM 72 granthoM kI sUcI dI gaI hai| 3. kucha grantha 50 zloka-pramANa (paJcAzaka) haiM, kucha 16 zloka-pramANa (SoDazaka) aura kucha 20 zlokapramANa (biMzikAe~) haiM / dekheM-je. sA. bR.i. bhAga 3, pR0 363 5. dekhie-dharma. prastAvanA-patra 1-4. 6. vahI, patra 23-34, jai. sA. bR. i bhAga 3, pR. 359-jaina paramparA ke anusAra vi. saM0 585 (vIra saM0 1055, san 529) meM haribhadra kA dehAvasAna ho gayA thaa| parantu harmana jaikobI ne san 650 meM honevAle dharmakIrti ke tAttvika vicAroM se haribhadra ko paricita batalAkara uparyukta mAnyatA kA khaNDana kiyA hai| san 779 (vi0saM0 835) ko kuvalayamAlA grantha kI samApti karanevAle udyotana ne haribhadra ko guru mAnA hai tathA kaI granthoM ke racayitA ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai| isake AdhAra para haribhadra ko udyotana ke kucha samasamayavartI mAnakara san 700-770 (vi0saM0 757-827) ko muni jinavijaya jI svIkAra karate haiN| 7. cakkIdugaM hariyaNagaM paNagaM cakkINa kesavo cakkI / / kesava cakkI kesava du cakkI kesava cakkIya / / jai0 sA0 bR0 50, bhAga 3, pR0 360 phuTanoTa. 8. durbhAgya se mujhe isa TIkA kA uttarArdha hI prApta ho skaa| 9. AharaNaM seTThidurga jiNidapAraNaga'dANadANesu / vihinattibhAva'bhAvA mokkhagaM tattha vihibhatti / / vesAlivAsaTThANaM samare jiNa paDima setttthipaasnnyaa| aibhatti pAraNadiNe maNoraho anna hi pavise / / dharma0 10-11 10. micchataM selakulisaM aNNANatamohabhakkharabbhUtaM / caraNarayaNAyanibhaM.................tihuyaNapasiddhaM / / dharma 0 15-16 11. dhArei duggatIe paDatamappANagaM jato tennN| dhammotti sivagatIi va satataM dharaNA smkkhaao|| ghammAdhammakkhayato......hetummi phalovayAro'yaM / / heU ubhayakhayassa ya dhammo jaM tassabhujjato niym| kuNai tayaM tadabhAve tssaannutttthaannvephl|| dharma-20-22 tathA-23-26 12. jIvo aNAdiNihaNo'muttopariNAmi jANao kattA / micchattAdika tassa Niyakammaphalassa bhottA u|| 35 13. jamhA Na kittimo so tamhA'NAdIttha kittimatte ya (u)| vattavvaM jeNa katto so kiM jIvo ajIvo tti|| jai jIvo jeNa kato so anneNaMti evmnnvtthaa| caramo akittimo aha savvesu tu maccharo koNu / / dharma. 159-160 karaNavirahA paramarisivayaNato bhnnitdossbbhaavaa| tamhA aNAdiNihaNA jIvA savve'vi siddhamiNaM / / dharma. 191 343

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14. kammavimukkasarUvo aNiMdiyattA achejjabhejjo u|| rUvAdi virahito vA annaadiprinnaambhaavaato|| chaumatthANuvalaMbhA taheva savvannuvayaNao pApaM / logAdi pasiddhIto'mutto jIvotti nneyvvo|| dharma, 192-193 15. pariNAmI khalu jIvo suhAdijogAto hoi nneyvvo| NegaMtaNiccapakkhe aNiccapakkhe ye so'jutto|| eka sahAvo Nicco sa jai suhI Niccameva tbbhaavo| pAvai tassa ahaduhI duhabhAvo dissae cubhayaM / / dharma. 194-195 16. saMsarati badhyate mucyate ca nAnAzrayA prkRtiH|-saaNkhykaarikaa, kA0 62. 17. kattati dAramahuNA kattA jIvo skmmphlbhogaa| assa ya aNabbhuvagame logAdi viroha dosotti / / daThUNa kaMci duhiyaM suhiyaM vA eva jaMpatI logo| bhuMjati sakayaphalaM Naya vaDajakkha nivAsatullamiNaM // dharma. 546-547 tamhA nimittakAraNa bhUo kattati juttio siddho|| dharma. 580 18. jIvo suhAbhilAsI dukkhaphalaM kaha kareti so kammaM / micchattadibhibhUo apatthakiriyaM va sruutti|| dharma. 567 19. bhottA sakaDaphalassa ya aNu haTThova logaagmppmaannaato|| katavephallapasaGgo pAvai iharA sa caannittttho| sAtAsAtANubhavo takkAraNabhoga virahajo Na siyaa|| muttAgAsANa jahA atthi ya so teNa bhottatti // dharma. 581-582 20. jacciya vivAgavedaNarUvA tappariNaI havati cittaa| sacciya bhoyaNakiriyA nAyavvA hoi jiivss|| dharma. 584 bajjhasahakArikAraNasAvekkhA sA ya pAyaso jenn| tA aGgaNAdijoge bhogapasiddhI iha loge|| dharma 586 21. sammattanANacaraNAmokkhapaho vannio jinniNdehi|| so cevabhAvadhammo buddhimatA hoti naaybvo| dharma. 749 22. jai NAma jIvadhammA aNAdimaMto ya ettha raagaadii| sambhavai tahavi viraho iha katthaI haasbhaavaao|| paDibakkhabhAvaNAo aNuhavasiddho ya hAsabhAvo siN| thIviggahAditattaM bhAvayato hoi bhvvss|| dharma. 1163-1164 23. siddhasukhaM-kAUNa imaM dhammaM visuddhacittA guruuvesennN| pAvaMti guNI airA sAsatasokkhaM dhuvaM mokkhaM / / dharma, 1376 24. dharma. 1386-1391 25. te'vi aparimANa cciya jamhA teNaM Na tesimucchedo| samayANa va tIteNaM vocchejjijja'NNadhA te tu|| tamhA'tIteNANAdiNA'vi tesiM jathA Na vocchedo| taha ceva'NAgateNavi aNaMtabhAvA munneyvvo| dharma, 1393-1394 26. evamiha samAseNaM bhaNito dhammo sutaannusaarennN| AtANusaraNa hetu kesiM ci thovgaaraay|| kAUNa pagaraNamiNaM pattaM jaM kusalamiha mayA tenn| dukkhavirahAya bhavvA labhaMtu jiNadhamma saMbodhiM / / 27. dharma. 548-561 344

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paM. AzAdhara kI sarvatomukhI pratibhA aura unakA sAgAradharmAmRta paNDita pravara AzAdhara mANDalagaDha (mevADa) ke rahane vAle the parantu bAda meM zahAbuddIna gorI ke AkramaNoM se trasta hokara mAlavA kI rAjadhAnI dhArAnagarI jo usa samaya vidvAnoM kA kendra thI, meM Akara rahane lge| ApameM jAtIyagata saGkIrNatA kA abhAva thaa| ata: vyAghraravAla (bagheravAla) jAti meM utpanna hone para bhI samUce jainadharma ke utthAna meM apane jIvana ko arpaNa kara diyaa| ApakA kula rAja sammAna prApta thaa| ata: yadi Apa cAhate to kisI ucca rAjya pada para AsIna hokara aiza aura ArAma ko jindagI gujArate parantu Apane usa samaya phaile hue ajJAna ko dUra karane ke lie nAlachA ke nemicaityAlaya meM ekaniSThatA ke sAtha rahakara karIba 35 varSa gujaare| yahIM para Apa svayaM adhyayana karate aura adhyApana kArya ke sAtha grantha racanA bhI karate rahate the| inake pitA kA nAma sallakSaNa, mAtA kA nAma zrIratnI aura patnI kA nAma sarasvatI thaa| chAhaDa nAma kA eka kuzala rAjanaitika ApakA putra bhI thA jisakI prazaMsA meM Apane svayaM likhA hai 'rnyjitaarjnbhuuptiH| ApakA vyaktitva aura pANDitya itanA mahAn thA ki muni udayasena ne inheM 'nayavizvacakSuH' aura 'kalikAlIdAsa tathA madanakIrti yatipati ne 'prajJApuJja jaisI sammAnapUrNa upAdhiyoM se vibhUSita kiyaa| yadyapi Apa AjIvana gRhastha hI rahe parantu inheM saMsAra se koI moha nahIM thaa| inakA AcaraNa munitulya yA sacce zrAvaka kA thaa| usa samaya meM pracalita bhraSTa muniyoM ke AcaraNa ko dekhakara hI zAyada Apane munidIkSA dhAraNa nahIM kI thii| yadi Apa muni-dIkSA le lete to zAyada Apa itanA adhika kArya na kara pAte jo gRhastha hokara kara ske| Apake gRhastha hone para bhI sAdhAraNa gRhastha se bahuta antara hai anyathA Apake lie paravartI granthakrAra 'sUri' aura 'AcArya-kalpa' jaise vizeSaNa se vibhUSita na karate aura na muni loga ApakI ziSyatA hI svIkAra krte| Apako 'paNDitaibhraSTacAritraiH baTharaizca tpodhnaiH| zAsanaM jinacandrasya nirmalaM malinIkRtam' isa zloka ke AdhAra para muniyoM kA virodhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai kyoMki Apane sAgAradharmAmRta meM spaSTa rUpa se gRhastha ke lie munipada prApti kI bhAvanA bhAne ke lie likhA hai| munivrata ko 'mahodadhi' zabda se nirUpita kiyA hai| ataH isa vivecana se siddha hai ki apa kArya rUpa se muni bhale na rahe hoM parantu AcaraNa munivat avazya rahA hai| uparyukta zloka ke AdhAra para sirpha itanA hI siddha hotA hai ki usa samaya muniyoM kA AcaraNa ThIka nahIM thaa| ata: unheM sadupadeza dene kI lie dharmAmRta kI racanA kii| isake prathama bhAga meM muniyoM ke kartavyAdikoM kA aura uttara bhAga meM zrAvakoM ke karttavyAdikoM kA bar3A hI suspaSTa, sAragarbhita, mArmika, yukti pradhAna aura gambhIra vivecana prastuta kiyA hai isakA hama Age vivecana kreNge| sarvatomukhI pratibhA AzAdhara jI bahuzruta, pratibhAzAlI, samanvayavAdI, prauDha prabandhakartA, tArkika evaM jainadharma ke marma ke prakAzaka the| inakI pratibhA kAvya, nyAya, vyAkaraNa, zabdakoza, alaGkAra, dharmazAstra, yogazAstra, stotra, vaidyaka Adi sabhI viSayoM meM caturmukhI evaM asAdhAraNa thii| prazasti meM likhA hai - yo dAgvyAkaraNAbdhipAramanayacchuzrUSamANAnna kAn, SaTatarkIparamAstramApya nayataH pratyarthinaH ke'kssipn| ceruH ke'skhalitaM na yena jinavAgdIpaM pathi grAhitAH, pItvA kAvyasudhAM yatazca rasikeSvapuH pratiSThA na ke|| pra0 anagAra 9 / / AzAdhara ke priya ziSyoM meM aisA kauna hai jo vyAkaraNa samudra meM pAraGgata na ho, SaTdarzana ke tarka se prativAdiyoM para vijaya na prApta karatA ho, vacanarUpI dharmazAstra se dharmamArga meM niratizaya rUpa se na calAtA ho tathA kAvya-sudhA ke rasa kA pAna karane vAle rasikoM meM pratiSThA ko na prAta karatA ho| ina viSayoM meM prasiddhi prApta karane vAloM ke bhI nAma milate haiM ? ApakI karIba 20 racanAyeM haiM jinako sUcanA hameM unakI prazasti se milatI haiN| ve racanAyeM nimna prakAra haiM jo vividha viSayoM para likhI gaI haiM - 345

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racanAyeM-(1) prameyaratnAkara (syAdvAda vidyA kI pratiSThApanA), (2) bharatezvarAbhyudaya (mahAkAvya bharata ke aizvarya kA varNana hai| ise siddhyaGka bhI kahate haiM kyoMki isa ke pratyeka sarga ke anta meM siddhi pada AyA hai ), (3) jJAna dIpikA, (4) rAjImatI vipralambha (khaNDakAvya), (5) adhyAtmarahasya (yogagrantha), (6) mUlArAdhanaTIkA, (7) iSTopadeza TIkA (8) bhUpAla caturviMzatikA TIkA (9) ArAdhanAsAra TIkA (10) amarakoSa TIkA (11) kriyA kalApa (12) kAvyAlaGkAra TIkA (13) sahasranAmastavana saTIka (14) jinayajJakalpa saTIka (dUsarA nAma pratiSThAsAroddhAra-dharmAmRtakA eka aGga), (15) tripaSThi-smRti zAstra saTIka, (16) nityamahodyota (abhiSeka pATha), (17) ratnatraya vidhAna, (18) aSTAGgahRdayodyotinI TIkA (vAgbhaTa ke Ayurveda grantha aSTAGgahRdaya kI TIkA), (19) dharmAmRta mUla (sAgAra aura anagAra do bhAga) (20) bhavyakumudacandrikA TIkA (dharmAmRta para likhI gaI TIkA) isa TIkA kA nAma kSodakSamA thA parantu vidvAnoM ne isakI sarasatA saralatA se mugdha hokara bhavyakumudacandrikA nAma rkhaa| ina saba racanAoM meM adhikAMza aprApya haiM tathA adhikAMza TIkA grantha haiN| inhoMne usa samaya meM pracalita mata vaividhya kA samanvaya kiyA thA, apane svatantra mata kI sthApanA nahIM kI thii| unakA siddhAnta thA 'ArSa sandadhIta na tu vighttyet'| isa viSaya vaividhya ko dekhakara kauna aisA mahApuruSa hogA jo inakI sarvatomukhI pratibhA kA lohA na svIkAra kregaa| samaya-Apake upalabdha tIna granthoM meM prazastiyA~ milatI haiM jinase inake samaya-nirNaya, racanA kAla Adi kA spaSTa paricaya mila jAtA hai| ina tInoM granthoM ko prazastiyA~ prAyaH samAna haiM sthala vizeSa para thor3A antara hai| jinayaza kalpa vi. saM. 1285 meM likhA thA jisameM 10 granthoM kA ullekha hai jinheM isake pUrva likhA hogaa| dvitIya prazasti sAgAradharmAmRta kI TIkA (vi. saM. 1296) meM kAvyAlaGkAra, sahasranAma, jinayajJakalpa, triSaSThi smRti, nitya mahodyota ina pA~ca granthoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| tRtIya prazasti vi. saM. 1300 meM anAgAradharmAmRta kI TIkA kI samApti para likhI gii| isake AdhAra para ApakA kAryakAla vi. saM. 1235 se vi. saM. 1300 ke AsapAsa rahA hogA ? vindhyavarmA ke sandhivigraha mantri kavIza vilhaNa ne inakI prazaMsA kI hai| isa taraha ApakA paNDitya na kevala jaina zAstroM para thA apitu jainetara zAstroM kA bhI acchA jJAna thaa| mahattva-sAgAradharmAmRtaH- yaha dharmAmRta grantha kA uttara bhAga hai jisameM zrAvakoM ke karttavya AcAra Adi kA samyak sadupadeza diyA gayA hai| yaha grantha sAgAra ke dharma ke amRta tulya hai ata: isakA nAma sAgAradharmAmRta rakhA gayA hai| paM. AzAdhara ne svayaM isakI TIkA likhate samaya likhA hai ki samuddhara ke putra mahIcandra kI prArthanA se zrAvakadharmapradIpa TIkA likha rahA hU~ jo manda buddhiyoM ke prabodha ke ke lie dIpaka kA kAma karatI hai|' zrImAn zreSThi samuddharasya tanayaH zrI paurapATAnvayavyAmenduH sukRtena nandatu mahIcandro ydbhyrthnaat| cakre zrAvakadharmadIpakamimaM granthaM vudhAzAdharo, granthasyAsya ca lekhito'pi vidadhe yenAdimaH pustkH||" (sA. pra. 22) AzAdhara ke racita sabhI granthoM meM sarvAdhika lokapriya evaM prasiddha grantha dharmAmRta hI hai| AzAdhara svayaM isa grantha kI mahattA ko jAnate the| ataH unhoMne isa para likhI gaI TIkA ko kalpakAla paryanta mumukSuoM ke cintanArtha rahane kI abhilASA vyakta kI hai - vidvdbhirbhvykumudcndrketyaakhyyoditaa| dviSThApyAkalpameSAstAM cintyamAnA mumukssubhiH|129 dharmAmRta kA uttara bhAga gRhasthoM ke lie likhA gayA hai jisase isakI upAdeyatA aura bhI adhika bar3ha jAtI hai| isakI upAdeyatA ko hI dRSTi meM rakhakara ise jaina dharmazAstra kI parIkSA meM bhI rakhA gayA hai| kavi 'arhaddAsa'12 ne Apake isI grantha kA adhyayana karake nirmala dRSTi prApta kI thI aura sanmArga meM pravRta hue the - dhAvankApathasambhRte bhavavane sanmArgamekaM paraM, tyaktvA zrAntatarazcirAya kathamapyAsAdya kaalaadmum| saddharmAmRtamuddhRtaM jinavacaH kSIrodadherAdarAt, pAyaM pAyamitaH zramaH sukhapathaM dAso bhvaamyhNtH|| (munisuvRta kAvya-64) 346

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mithyAtvakarma paTalaizciramAvRte me yugme dRze kupthyaannidaanbhuute| AzAdharoktilasadaJjana-samprayogairacchIkRte pRthulasatpathamAzrito'smi / / 65 sUktyaiva teSAM bhavabhIravA ye, gRhaashrmsthaashcritaatm-dhrmaaH| ta eva zeSAzramiNAM sahAya dhanyAH syurAzAdharasUrimukhyAH / / bhavyajanakaNThAbharaNa 23613 bhAvArtha-1 kumArga meM bhaTakate hue maiMne sanmArga kA parityAga kara diyA thaa| anta meM kAlalabdhi se jinavacana rUpI kSIrasamudra se nikAle gaye dharmAmRta kA pAna karake maiM arhantadeva kA dAsa ho rahA huuN| 2. kumArgagAminI merI donoM A~kheM jo mithyAtva rUpI karmapaTala se AvRtta thIM, Aja AzAdhara kI viziSTasUktiyoM rUpI aJjana se nirmala ho gaI haiM aura maiM sanmArga kA Azraya le rahA huuN| 3. sUrizreSTha AzAdhara dhanya haiM jinakI sUktiyA~ bhavabhIru gRhasthoM aura muniyoM ke lie sahAyaka (pathapradarzaka) haiN| ina paMktiyoM ko dekhane se pratIta hotA hai ki dharmAmRta jinavacanarUpI kSIrasamudra meM duhA gayA amRta hai jisake pAna karane meM bhavabhaya kI pIr3A zAnta ho jAtI hai aura mokSa kA dvAra khula jAtA hai| sAgAradharmAmRta gRhasthoM ke lie dIpaka ke samAna hai| isameM zrAvakadharma sambandhI sabhI viSayoM kA vistRta, tarkapUrNa evaM suspaSTa vivecana prastuta kiyA hai| sadAcAra para calane se kyA phala hotA hai aura kumArga para jAne para kyA duravasthA hotI hai Adi kA sacitra citraNa sarala aura sarasa zailI meM kiyA gayA hai| viSaya ko spaSTa karane ke lie udAharaNoM kI zaraNa lI gaI hai| zrAvaka ke dharma se sambandha rakhane vAlA koI bhI viSaya isameM chUTa nahIM pAyA hai| Aja ke yuga meM uThAye jAne vAle sabhI praznoM kA bhI uttara isameM kahIM sUkSma rUpase aura kahIM kucha vistAra se vartamAna hai| jaba hama svAmI samantabhadrAcArya ke ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra se tulanA karate haiM to pratIta hotA hai ki jahA~ ratnakaraNDa meM sAmAnya lakSaNanirdeza mAtra kiyA gayA hai vahAM para sAgAradharmAmRta meM tArkika praNAlI ko bhI apanAyA gayA hai tathA viSaya kA vistAra bhI kiyA gayA hai| yadyapi svAmI samantabhadra bar3e tArkika aura vidvAn the parantu unakA ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra sirpha sAmAnya nirdeza karatA hai jisakI puSTi AzAdhara jI ne apane sAgAradharmAmRta meM eka navanIta ke sAtha kI hai| cU~ki AzAdhara jI kI dRSTi samanvayAtmaka thI ataH pUrvavartI sabhI zrAvaka dharma pratipAdaka granthoM kA yukti saGgata-samanvaya yukti-pradarzana pUrvaka kiyA hai| jaise mUlaguNoM kA varNana karate hue anya pUrvavartI AcAryoM ke mata kA bhI ullekha kara diyA hai - tatrAdau zraddadhajjainImAjJAM hiNsaampaasitum| madyamAMsamadhUnyujjhet paJca kSIraphalAni c|| 2.2 isa zloka meM madya mAMsa madhu tathA pA~ca kSIra phaloM (udumbara phaloM) ke tyAga ko ATha mUla guNa ginAkara agrima kArikA meM somadeva, samantabhadra aura jinasena AcArya ke mata kA bhI vikalpa se ullekha karake samanvaya kiyA hai - aSTatAn gRhiNAM mUlaguNAn sthUlavadhAdi vaa| phalasthAne smared dyUtaM madhusthAne ihaiva vA / / 2-3 / / zrI somadeva ne tIna makAra aura pA~ca udumbara phaloM ke tyAga ko mUla guNa kahA hai| zrI svAmI samantabhadra ne tIna makAra aura pA~coM pApoM (hiMsA, asatya, caurya, kuzIla aura parigraha) ke tyAga ko tathA jinasena ne madhu ke sthAna meM juA aura pA~ca pApoM ke tyAga ko AThamUlaguNa kahA hai| isameM Apako samanvaya kI bhAvanA tathA inake prabhAva kI spaSTa jhAMkI dekhane ko milatI hai| saMkSipta rUpa meM vivecana zailI kA bhI paricaya isI zloka meM milatA hai jisameM apane eka hI zloka meM tInoM AcAryoM ke lakSaNoM kA samAveza kara diyA hai| isI taraha padmanandi AcArya dvArA batAye gaye gRhastha ke chaha kartavyoM meM sarva prathama deva pUjA kA sthAna hai| paM0 AzAdhara ne bhI devapUjA kA vizeSa mahattva pAkSika zrAvaka ke kartavyoM meM batAyA hai| mahApurANa ke AdhAra para pUjA ke prabheda bhI kie haiN|" pratipAdya viSaya - grantha ke prArambha meM arhantoM evaM muniyoM ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai jisameM prakRta grantha ke nirmANa kA prayojana bhI batAyA gayA hai 347

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atha natvAhato'kSUNa caraNAn shrmnnaanpi| taddharmarAgiNAM dharmaH sAgArANAM prnnessyte|| 1.1 prathama adhyAya meM sAgAra aura zrAvaka kA antara batAyA gayA hai| dvitIya adhyAya meM sAgAradharma ke dhAraNa kA adhikArI evaM aSTamUlaguNoM kA varNana hai| vivAha paddhati, dAna, pUjA tathA bhraSTamuniyoM ko bhI dAna dene kA upadeza diyA hai| tRtIya adhyAya meM naiSThika kA lakSaNa tathA mUlaguNoM ke aticAroM kA vivecana hai| caturtha adhyAya meM vrata pratimA aura uttara guNoM kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| paJcama adhyAya meM avaziSTa uttara guNoM kI vivecanA hai| SaSTha adhyAya meM zrAvaka kI bar3I hI sundara dinacaryA ko batAyA gayA hai| vaise zrAvaka prAtaHkAla brahma muhUrta meM uThakara vairAgya kI bhAvanA bhAte hue sAyaGkAla sove ? yaha adhyAya zrAvakoM ke lie bar3A hI upayogI hai| AcArya ne isa prakAra kI dinacaryA kA avalambana karane vAle zrAvaka ko svargAdikrama se mokSa prApti kA adhikArI batAyA hai| saptama adhyAya meM sAmAyika Adi nau pratimAoM kA vivecana hai tathA aSTama adhyAya jo ki zrAvaka aura muniyoM kA prANabhUta aGga hai, meM sallekhanA kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| sallekhanA kI AvazyakatA kA pratipAdana karate hue AzAdharajI likhate haiM ki 'anta bhalA so saba bhalA' - ArAddho'pi ciraM dharmoM, virAddho maraNe mudhaa| satvArAddhastatkSaNe'haH kSipatyapi ciraarjitm|| 8.16 / / nRpasyeva yatedharmo cirmbhystino'shrvt| yudhIva skhalato mRtyau svArthabhranzo'yazaH kttuH|| 8.17 / / sallekhanA kaba dhAraNa karanA cAhie ? kaba nahIM dhAraNa karanA cAhie ? vidhi kyA hai Adi sabhI viSayoM kA bar3A hI sundara vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isa taraha sAgAradharmAmRta meM gRhastha ke sabhI dharmoM kI jhAMkI darpaNa meM pratibimbita mukha kI taraha spaSTa jhalakatI hai samyaktva aura mithyAtva kA prabhAva dekhie kitanA suspaSTa hai - naratve'pi pazUyante mithyaatvgrstcetsH| pazutve'pi narAyante samyaktvavyaktacetanA / / 1.4 mithyAdRSTi bhI samyaktvI kI taraha kyoM pratIta hote haiM - zalAkayevAptagirAptasUtra pravezamArgoM maNivacca yaH syaat| hIno'pi rucyA rucimatsu tadvat, bhUyAdasau saaNvyvhaarikaannaam|| 1.10 Aja ke isa sabhyatA ke yuga meM to samyagdRSTi aura mithyAdRSTi ko pahacAnanA bar3A ho kaThina ho gayA hai| ApakI pratipAdana zailI itanI tArkika, mArmika, saTIka, aura prabhAvotpAdaka hai ki dekhate ho banatI hai| kucha udAharaNArtha prastuta hai - (1) strI-sambhoga ke doSoM kA pratipAdana - santAparUpo mohaangg-saadtRssnnaanubndhkRt| strIsaMbhogastathApyeSa sukhaM cetkA jvre'kssmaa||4.53 artha-jaba jvara aura strIsambhoga donoM santApa, zithilatA, tRSNA Adi ke janaka haiM taba kyoM strIsambhoga kI taraha jvara ko bhI sukhakara mAnA jaave| (2) mA~sa aura anna meM jIvapanA samAna hone para bhI anna kyoM bhojya hai, mA~sa kyoM nahIM prANyaGgatve same'pyannaM bhojyaM mAMsaM na dhaarmikaiH| bhogyA strItvAvizeSe'pi, janairjAyaiva naambikaa|| 2.10 jaba mAtA, bahina, patnI aura lar3akI meM strItva dharma samAna hai taba kyA kAraNa hai ki patnI hI bhogyA hai mAtA Adi nahIM ? isI taraha jIvatva samAna rahane para bhI anna bhojya hai mA~sa nhiiN| kitanA saTIka evaM tArkika uttara udAharaNa dvArA kitane sarala aura suspaSTa zabdoM meM diyA gayA hai jo dekhate hI banatA hai| isa taraha sAgAradharmAmRta meM sarvatra yahI zailI pAI jAtI hai| viSaya kitanA hI kaThina aura durUha kyoM na ho use sarasa aura sarala banAne kI ApameM anupama kalA hai| yahI 348

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kAraNa hai ki ApakI vidvattA kA lohA lenA AsAna nahIM thaa| viSaya kI gaharAI meM jAkara Apa tyAjya vastu kA isa prakAra se varNana karate haiM ki lagatA hai ki AjIvana usakA sevana karane vAlA prANI bhI tatkSaNa chor3a de| parastrIsevana meM sukhAbhAva ko dekhie - samarasarasaraGgodgamamRte ca kAcit kriyA na nivRttye| sa kutaH syAdanavasthita-cittatayA gacchataH prkltrm|| 4.54 artha-samarasa raGga kA utpanna honA hI rati hai jo svastrI sambhoga se prAptavya hai| parastrI sevana se vaha kathamapi sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki parastrI sevana ke avasara para bhoktA ke citta meM asthiratA aura bhaya rahatA hai ki kahIM koI Akara dekha na le| phalasvarUpa sambhoga kriyA ThIka se nahIM ho pAtI hai phira usase sukha pAnA to dUra kI bAta hai| jisameM lAbha nahIM use karane se kyA prayojana ? mA~sa meM apavitratA kA pratipAdana sthAne'znantu palaM hetoH svatazcAzuci kshmlaaH| zvAdilAlAvadapyadhuH zucimmanyAH kathaM nu tat // 2.6 artha-apane ko pavitra mAnane vAle loga svabhAva se apavitra (sapta dhAtu nimita hone se) tathA zikArI kutte Adi ko lAra se mizrita mA~sa ko kaise khA sakate haiM ? nIca vyakti hI ise khA sakate haiN| upasaMhAra isa taraha jaba hama sAgAradharmAmRta para dRSTipAta karate haiM to hamAre jJAna cakSu khula jAte haiN| AzAdharajI ke granthoM meM sarvAdhika lokapriya yahI grantha hai| isase Apake agAdha pANDitya aura sarvatomukhI pratibhA kA patA cala jAtA hai| anya grantha to inake pANDitya meM cAra cAMda lagAne kA kArya karate hai| sAgAradharmAmRta Apake agAdhajJAna kA bhaNDAra hai| jo jJAna kI aura Ayu kI paripakvAvasthA meM likhA gayA thaa| Aja ke yuga kI AvazyakatA kA anupameya grantha hai jo pratyeka jaina gRhastha ke lie mananIya hai| sandarbha sUcI - 1. jinadharmodayArthaM yo nlkcchpure'vst| 2. sarasvatyAmivAtmAnaM sArasvatyAjIjanan / yaH putraM chAhaDaM nAma raMjitArjunabhUpatim / / bhUmikA, sAgAradharmAmRta prazasti 2 3. vyAghra ravAlavaravaMzasarojahaMsaH kAvyAmRtodharasapAnasutRptagAtraH / sallakSaNasya tanayo nayavizvacakSu rAzAdharo vijayatAM kalikAlidAsaH / / 3 4. ityudayasenamuninA kavisuhRdA yo'bhananditaH priityaa| prajJApuJjo'sIt ca yo'bhihito mdnkiirtiytiptinaa|| pra.4 nAthUrAma premI 5. labdhaM yadiha labdhabyaM, tacchrAmaNyamahodadhim / mathitvA sAmyapIyUSaM, pibeyaM prdurlbhm| pure'raNye maNau reNau, mitre zatrau sukhe'sukhe|| jIvite maraNe mokSe, bhave syAM samadhI: kdaa|| mokssonmukh-kriyaakaaNdd-vismaapitbhirjnH| kadA lapsye samarasasvAdinAM paMktimAtmadRk / / zUnyadhyAnaikatAnasya, sthANubuddhayADunmRgaiH / uddhRSyamANasya kadA, yAsyanti divasA mama / / sAgAradharmAmRta 6.40-43 6. prazastigata zloka zrI nAthUrAma premI ke 'jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa' pRSTha 358 se lie gaye haiN| 7. paM. devacandra ko vyAkaraNa zAstra, vAdIndra vizAla kIrti Adi ko nyAya zAstra bhaTTAraka vinayacandra Adi ko dharmazAstra, 349

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mAlavanareza arjuna varmA bAla sarasvatI mahAkavi madana Adi ko kAvyazAstra kA adhyayana kraayaa| (dekho, sAgAradharmAmRta bhUmikA, zrI paM0 nAthUrAmajI premii|) 8. vizeSa paricaya ke lie dekho prazastiyA~ evaM premI jI kA nibandha / 9. 'jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa' 'premI' jI mukhya prazasti sNgrh| 10. dekhiye nibandha zrI nAthUrAmajI premI bhUmikA saagaardhrmaamRt| 11. mandabuddhiprabodhArthaM mahIcandreNa saadhunaa| dharmAmRtasya sAgAradharmaTIkAsti kaaritaa|| anagAra. pra0 26 12. zrI premI' jI ne jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa meM arhaddAsa kA madanakIrti dvitIya nAma siddha karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| jaba ve kumArga se sanmArga meM Aye the, to arhaddAsa nAma rakha liyaa| 13. purudeva campU meM dvitIya zloka ke A~khoM ke sthAna para mana ko sambodhita karake likhA hai mithyAtvapaMkakaluSe mama mAnase'sminAzAdharoktikatakaprasaraiH prsnne| ullAsitena zaradA purudeva bhaktyA , taccampudaMbhajalajena samujjajRmbhe / / - premIjI ke nibandha se uddhRt| 14. prakArAntara se athavA anya kisI AcArya sammata nimna ATha mUla guNoM kI bhora bhI nirdeza kiyA hai - mdyplmdhunishaashnpnycphliivirtipnyckaaptnutii| jIvadayA jalagAlanamiti ca kvacidaSTamUlaguNAH / 2.18 15. madyamAMsa madhutyAgairsahodumbarapaJcakaiH / aSTAvete gRhasthAnAmuktA mUlaguNAH zrutau / / somadeva mdymaaNsmdhutyaagairshaannuvrtpnyckm| aSTau mUlaguNAnAhugRhINAM zramaNottamAH / samantabhadra hiMsAsatyasteyAbrahmaparigrahAcca bAdarabhedAt / puutaanmaaNsnmdyaadviritigRhinno'ssttsntymii|| jinasena 16. devapUjA gurupAsti: svAdhyAyaH sNymstthaa| dAnaM ceti gRhasthAnAM SaT karmANi dine dine / / padmaviMzatikA 17. nityamaha pUjA (2.25), aSTAhnika evaM indradhvajapUjA (2.26),mahAmaha pUjA (2.27)tathA kalpadrumapUjA(2.28) ye pA~ca prakArakI pUjAyeM haiN| anya kA inhIM pA~ca meM antarbhAva hotA hai (2.29), sAgAra mohanalAla (uttarArddha pR0 212) 18. sAgAra kA lakSaNa - anAdyavidyAdoSottha-catu:saMjJAjvarAturAH / zazvat svajJAnavimukhAH sAgArAH viSayonmukhAH / / 1.2 anAdyavidyAnusyUtAM, grnthsNjnyaamupaasitum|| apArayantaH sAgarAH, prAyo viSayamUchitAH / / 1.3 zrAvaka kA lakSaNamUlottaraguNaniSThAmadhitiSThan paJcagurupadazaraNyaH / dAnayajanapradhAno jJAnasudhAM zrAvaka: pipAsuH syaat|| 1.15 19. ratnakaraNDa meM likhA hai - anta:kriyAdhikaraNaM tapaH phalaM sakaladarzinaH stuvte| tasmAdyAvadvibhavaM samAdhimaraNe prytitvym|| 350

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AcArya prabhAcandra prameyakamalamArtaNDa, nyAyakumudacandra Adi prasiddha jaina nyAya-granthoM ke praNetA AcArya prabhAcandra bahuta bar3e dArzanika aura tArkika the| inameM vaidika aura avaidika sabhI darzanoM kA pragADha pANDitya thaa| ye adbhuta pratibhA ke dhanI the| ye jisa viSaya kA bhI khaNDana yA samarthana karate haiM prabala yuktiyoM se karate haiN| ataH zravaNabelagolA ke zilAlekha (saMkhyA 40) meM inheM prathita 'tarkagranthakAra' aura 'zabdAmbhoruha- bhAskara' vizeSaNa se sammAnita kiyA hai| isase inake prakhara paNDiya kI khyAti kA jJAna hotA hai| inakA samaya IsA kI dasavIM-gyArahavIM zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai| inake guru the padmanandi saiddhAntika padmanandi se zikSA-dIkSA lekara ye uttara bhArata meM dhArA nagarI A ge| yahA~ Adya jaina nyAyasUtra parIkSAmukha ke racayitA AcArya mANikyanandi kA ziSyatva svIkAra kara unake parIkSAmukha grantha para prameyakamalamArtaNDa TIkA likhii| dakSiNa meM inake sadharmA kulabhUSaNa muni the jinakI ziSya paramparA kA ullekha zravaNabelagolA ke zilAlekha (saMkhyA 55) meM mUla saGgha ke dezIyagaNa ke devendra siddhAntadeva ke ziSya caturmukha deva aura unake ziSya gopanandi kA ullekha hai| vahIM gopanandi ke sadharmA tathA dhArAnareza bhoja dvArA pUjita prabhAcandra kA bhI ullekha hai| sambhavataH ye prabhAcandra prameyakamalamArtaNDakAra hI the kyoMki AdipurANakAra ne likhA hai -'prabhAcandra dhArAdhipa bhoja ke dvArA pUjita the| nyAyarUpI kamalasamUha (prameyakamala) ke dinamaNi (mArtaNDa-sUrya) the| zabdarUpI abja (zabdAmbhoja) ke vikAsa karane ko rodomaNi (bhAskara) ke tulya the| paNDitarUpI kamaloM ko praphullita karane vAle sUrya the| rudravAdi hAthiyoM ko vaza meM karane ke lie aMkuza ke samAna the tathA caturmukhadeva ke ziSya the|' yahA~ prabhAcandra kA caturmukhadeva kA ziSya honA vicAraNIya hai| sambhava hai, dhArAnagarI meM Ane ke bAda ye prabhAcandra ke dvitIya guru hoN| inake lie prayukta paNDita vizeSaNa se jJAta hotA hai ki prArambha meM ye gRhastha the parantu bAda meM muni bane the kyoMki inake lie bhaTTAraka zabda kA bhI prayoga milatA hai| dhArAnagarI inakI karmasthalI thI aura yahIM inhoMne prameyakamalamArtaNDa likhaa| samaya-vicAra inake samaya ke sambandha meM vidvAnoM ke nimna vicAra hai - (1) I. san 8vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArddha evaM 9vIM kA pUrvArddha - isa mata ke mAnane vAle haiM DaoN. pAThaka, AcArya jugalakizora mukhtAra aadi| inake dvArA isa mata ko svIkAra karane kA AdhAra hai jinasenakRta AdipurANa (racanA-kAla I. san 840 ke AsapAsa) kA nimna padya - candrAMzu-zubhra-yazasaM prabhAcandrakaviM stuve| kRtvA candrodayaM yena zazvadAhlAditaM jgt|| yahA~ candrodaya kA artha nyAyakumudacandra kiyA gayA hai| isakA khaNDana paM. kailAzacandra jI ne kiyA hai| harivaMzapurANa meM ullikhita prabhAcandra bhI inase bhinna haiM kyoMki ve kumArasena ke ziSya the aura ye padmanandi ke shissy| (2) I. san 850 se 1020 I. - isa mata ke poSaka haiM paM. kailAzacandra shaastrii| paM. mahendrakumAra nyAyAcArya inakA samaya I. san 980 se 1065 mAnate haiN| ina donoM vidvAnoM ne apane-apane pakSa kI puSTi meM kaI pramANa prastuta kie haiN| prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra kI prazastiyoM meM kramaza: 'zrIbhojadevarAjye' tathA 'zrIjayasiMhadevarAjye' likhA hai| paM. mahendrakumArajI inakA kartA prabhAcandra ko mAnate haiM parantu pa. kailAzacandra aura mukhtAra jI aisA nahIM maante| (3) I. san 11vIM zatAbdI - DaoN. darabArIlAla koThiyA isa mata ke poSaka haiN| inhoMne mANikyanandi meM guruziSyatva ke sAtha samasAmayikatva ko bhI siddha kiyA hai| DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina tathA DaoN. nemIcandra zAstrI bhI isI mata ke poSaka haiN| 'sudaMsaNacariu (samApti vi saM. 1100) kI prazasti meM nayanandi ne mANikyanandi kA ullekha kiyA hai| ata: inakA samaya 11vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvAddha honA caahie| vAdIbhadevasUri (I. san 1118 ke AsapAsa) ne apane syAdvAdaratnAkara meM prabhAcandra aura unake prameyakamalamArtaNDa kA ullekha kiyA hai| prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra meM AcArya 351

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devasena ke bhAvasaMgraha (I. 940 ke AsapAsa) kI 'nokammakammahAro' gAthA uddhata hai| ata: inakA samaya I. 940 ke bAda aura I. 1118 ke pUrva honA caahie| racanAyeM DaoN. nemIcandra zAstrI ne AcArya prabhAcandra kI nimna racanAyeM sapramANa nirNIta kI haiM - (1) prameyakamalamArtaNDa (parIkSAmukha-vyAkhyA) (2) nyAyakumudacandra (laghIyastraya-vyAkhyA)" (3) tattvArthavRttipadavivaraNa (sarvArthasiddhi-vyAkhyA) (4) zAkaTAyananyAsa (zAkaTAyanavyAkaraNa-vyAkhyA) (5) zabdAmbhojabhAskara (jainendravyAkaraNa-vyAkhyA) (6) pravacanasArasarojabhAskara (pravacanasAra-vyAkhyA) (7) gadyakathAkoza (svatantra racanA) (8) ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra TIkA (9) samAdhitantra TIkA (10)kriyAkalApa TIkA (11) AtmAnuzAsana TIkA (12)mahApurANa TippaNa jugalakizora mukhtAra ne ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra TIkA aura samAdhitantraTIkA ko anya prabhAcandrakRta mAnA hai| prabhAcandra kI racanAyeM yadyapi vyAkhyAtmaka hai parantu ve vyAkhyA meM itanI mahattvapUrNa haiM ki unhoMne svatantra grantha kA rUpa le liyA hai| vastuta: ve adbhuta vyAkhyAkAra haiN| prathama do racanAyeM jaina nyAya kI praur3ha racanAyeM haiN| ina TIkA-granthoM meM prabhAcandra ne vividha vikalpajAloM kA prayoga karake parapakSa kA khaNDana kiyA hai| jina parapakSoM kA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai unameM kucha isa prakAra haiM(1) cArvAka - bhUtacaitanyavAda, prtykssaikprmaannvaad| (2) bauddha - nirvikalpapratyakSavAda, citrAdvaitavAda, sAkArajJAnavAda, zUnyavAda, kSaNabhaGgavAda, apohavAda, trairuupyhetuvaad| (3) vaiyAkaraNa - sphoTavAda, zabdAdvaitavAda / (4) nyAyavaizeSika-kArakasAkalyavAda, sannikarSavAda, jJAnAntaravedyajJAnavAda, pAJcarUpyahetuvAda, SaTpadArthavAda, iishvrvaad| (5) sAMkhya-yoga-indriyavRttivAda, prakRtikartRtvavAda, acetnjnyaanvaad| (6) mImAMsaka - zabdanityavAda, veda apauruSeyavAda, parokSajJAnavAda, abhaavprmaannvaad| (7) vedAnta - brhmvaad|| (8) zvetAmbara jaina- strImuktivAda, kevlikvlaahaarvaad| AcArya prabhAcandra ne ina paripakSoM ke prastutIkaraNa meM jina granthoM kA upayoga kiyA hai, ve haiM - prazastapAdabhASya (kaNAdasUtra para prazastapAda kA bhASya), vyomavatI (vyomaziva kI bhASya TIkA). nyAyabhASya (nyAyasUtra para vAtsyAyana kA bhASya), nyAyavArtika (udyotakarakRta), nyAyamaJjarI (jayantakRta), zAbara bhASya, zlokavArtika (kumArilabhaTTakRta), bRhatI (prabhAkara), pramANavArtikAlaGkAra (prajJAkaragupta), tattvasaMgraha (zAntarakSita) aadi| prabhAcandra ne ina granthoM kA gahana adhyayana karake unakI hI zailI meM prabala yuktiyoM dvArA unakA khaNDana kiyA hai| isa taraha jaina nyAya meM navIna zailI ko janma diyA tathA darzanAntaroM meM upalabdha vyomavatI, nyAyamaJjarI jaise praur3ha vyAkhyAgranthoM kI kamI ko pUrA kiyaa| jaina-nyAya ke vikAsa meM inakA yaha yogadAna sadaiva yAda kiyA jaayegaa| jaina-nyAya ke atirikta jaina-vyAkaraNa Adi ke kSetra meM kiyA gayA yogadAna bhI cirasmaraNIya rhegaa| sandarbha - 1. prabhAcandra nAma ke anya kaI AcAryoM ke ullekha milate haiN| jaise - (ka) zramaNabelagolA ke prathama zilAlekha meM jina prabhAcandra kA ullekha hai ve sambhavataH bhadrabAhu zrutakevalI ke ziSya samrATa candragupta haiN| inakA samaya vi.sa. 300 se bhI pUrva hai| 352

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(kha) A. devanandi ne jainendravyAkaraNa meM 'rAtre: kRti prabhAcandrasya' dvArA jina prabhAcandra kA ullekha kiyA hai ve sambhavata: vi. kI chaThI zatAbdI ke pUrva ke haiN| (ga) cAlukyanareza kIrtivarmA prathama (zaka saM. 489) ne jina prabhAcandra ko dAna diyA thA ve vinayanandi AcArya ke ziSya tathA paraluru ke nivAsI the| inakA samaya chaThI-sAtavIM zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai| (gha) tattvArthasUtrakAra bRhatprabhAcandra ke samaya Adi ke sambandha meM koI jAnakArI upalabdha nahIM hai| inhoMne gRddhapicchAcArya umAsvAmI ke tattvArthasUtra kA saMkSepIkaraNa aura saralIkaraNa kiyA hai| kahIM-kahIM parivarddhana aura parivartana bhI hai| inake tattvArthasUtra para akalaGka aura pUjyapAda kA prabhAva parilakSita hotA hai| ata: inakA samaya akalaGka ke bAda honA caahie| inake nAma ke sAtha bRhad vizeSaNa tattvArthasUtra ke pratyeka adhyAya kI puSpikA meM milatA hai - 'iti bRhatprabhAcandraviracite tttvaarthsuutre'| (Ga) arhatpravacanasUtravyAkhyAkAra prabhAcandra bRhatprabhAcandra ke paravartI haiM kyoMki inhoMne bRhatprabhAcandra ke tattvArthasUtra kA avalokana kiyA hai| aisA ina donoM granthoM kI tulanA se jJAta hotA hai| AcArya akalaGka deva ne tattvArthavArtika (5.38) meM 'uktaM ca arhatpravacanena' likhakara arhatpravacana kA ullekha kiyA hai parantu arhatpravacana ke sAtha jina prabhAcandra kA nAma hai unhoMne vastuta: prAcIna arhatpravacana kA vyAkhyAna kiyA hai| ata: likhA hai - athA'to'rhatpravacanaM sUtraM vyaakhyaasyaamH| (ca) candrodaya ke lekhaka kavi prabhAcandra kA ullekha AdipurANa meM hai| dekheM pRSTha 2, TI.7 2. guruH zrInandimANikyo nanditAzeSasajjanaH / nandatAhurataikAntarajAjainamatArNavaH / / shriipdmnndisaiddhaantshissyo'nekgunnaalyH| prabhAcandrazciraM jIyAdratnanandipade rtH|| - prameyakamalamArtaNDa, prazastipadya 3,4 tathA nyAyakumudacandra-prazasti / 3. vahI tathA maGgalAcaraNa 1,2 4. zrIdhArAdhipabhojarAjamukuTaprotAzmarazmicchaTA cchAyAkuGkumapaGkaliptacaraNAmbhojAta lkssmiidhvH| nyAyAbjAkaramaNDane dinmnnishshbdaabj-rodomnnistheyaatpnnddit-punnddriiktrnnishriimtprbhaacndrmaaH|| zrIcaturmukhadevAnAM ziSyo'dhRSyaH pravAdibhiH / paNDitazrIprabhAcandro rudrvaadigjaangkushH||- AdipurANa 1.47 5. ArAdhanA gadyakoza kathA 89 tathA prameyakamalamArtaNDa evaM nyAyakumudacandra prshstiyaaN| 6. zrIbhojadevarAjye ... zrImatprabhAcandrapaNDitena nikhalapramANaprameyasvarUpodyota-parIkSAmukhapadamidaM vivRtmiti| prameya0, antima prazasti / 7. tIrthaGkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA (DaoN. nemIcandra zAstrI) bhAga 3, pR. 48 8. vahI tathA bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna, pR. 89,91 9. tIrthaGkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA, bhAga 3, pR. 50-51 10. prameyakamalamArtaNDa - prameyakamaloM ko udghATita karane meM yaha grantha sUrya (mArtaNDa) ke samAna hai| ata: isakA nAma prameyakamalamArtaNDa rakhA gayA hai| isameM pramANa, pramANAbhAsa Adi kA vistRta vivecana kiyA gayA hai| mANikyanandi ke parIkSAmukha meM 6 samuddeza haiM jinameM 208 sUtra haiN| unakI vyAkhyArUpa yaha grantha 1200 zloka pramANa batalAyA gayA hai| 11. nyAyakumudacandra - nyAyarUpI kumudoM ko vikasita karane meM candramA ke samAna hai| isameM akalaGkadeva ke laghIyastraya kI vyAkhyA karate hue prameyakamalamArtaNDa kI taraha pramANa, pramANAbhAsa aura prameya kA vizeSa vicAra kiyA gayA hai| 12. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, prastAvanA (jugalakizora mukhtAra kRta) 13. jainanyAya (paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI), pR. 40. 353

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jayodaya meM padalAlitya aTThAIsa sagoM meM vyApta AcArya jJAnasAgara (mahAkavi bhUrAmala) dvArA racita jayodaya mahAkAvya kavi kalpanAoM kA anupama bhaNDAra hai| bIsavIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArddha (I. san 1937) meM racita isa aitihAsika evaM paurANika mahAkAvya kI racanA se pUrvavartI do zatAbdiyoM se zuSka par3I jaina saMskRta mahAkAvya dhArA punarujjIvita ho gii| yaha mahAkAvya mahAkavi mAgha, bhAravi aura zrIharSa kI zailI se vizeSataH anuprANita hai tathA kAvya pratibhA ke camatkAroM se bharA par3A hai| isake kalApakSa aura bhAva pakSa donoM hI sahRdayoM ko AhlAdita karate haiN| kalApakSa se vizeSataH sambandhita 'padalAlitya' yA 'lalitapadayojanA' jayodaya mahAkAvya meM adbhuta hai tathA vaha samagra mahAkAvya meM parivyApta hai| kavi ne isa padalAlitya kI yojanA anuprAsa, yamaka, zabdazleSa, virodhAbhAsa Adi vividha alaGkAroM ke prayoga ke sAtha kI hai jisa para koI kamanIyA kAminI apane vilAsayukta padanikSepa dvArA kAmukoM ke citta ko balAt curA letI hai, usI prakAra jayodaya mahAkAla kI lalita padayojanA yukta kavitA - vanitA sahadayoM ke hRdayoM ko balAt AkRSTa kara letI hai| isakA racanA zilpa komala aura sarala hai| isa kAvya meM kavi ne eka zilpI ke sadRza kAvyasaundarya ke lie cuna-cunakara lalitapadoM ke prayoga dvArA anirvacanIya lAvaNyarAzi kI sRSTi kI hai| kAla meM kavi kA padalAlitya vidhAna zrutisukhada to hai hI sAtha hI sahadayoM ke hRdaya ko bhI paramAnanda dene meM pUrNa samartha hai| ataeva isakA padalAlitya mAtra bAhya saundarya taka sImita nahIM hai, jaisAki adhamakAvyoM meM dekhA jAtA hai, apitu kavitA ke komala evaM gambhIra hRdayapakSa kA bhI marmasparzI hai tathA dhvanipradarzana ke sAtha rasaniSpatti meM pUrNataH samartha hai| kavi ne khIMca-khIMcakara balapUrvaka zabdoM kI tukabandI nahIM kI hai| kavi kI kavitA nava navonmeSazAlinI pratibhA samutpanna hai| mAtra abhyAsajanya nahIM ve kevala kalA pradarzana taka hI saceSTa nahIM haiM pratyuta ve mAnava ke antas taka ramane ke lie saceSTa haiN| isIlie inake padalAlitya meM zRGgArAdi rasoM ke anukUla mAdhurya Adi guNoM aura vaidarbhI Adi rItiyoM kA samyak sammizraNa milatA hai| padalAlitya vaidarbhI rIti aura mAdhuryaguNa ke anukUla varNa yojanA meM adhika ramaNIyatA ko prApta karatA hai| vaidarbhI rIti aura mAdhurya guNa ke vyaJjaka varNa citta ke dravIbhAva meM kAraNa hone se zRGgAra, karuNa aura zAntarasa ke anukUla mAne jAte haiN| zAntarasa meM ye varNa sarvAdhika camatkAraka hote haiN| vIra, vIbhatsa aura raudrarasa kI racanA meM citta kI vistArabhUta dIpti ke kAraNa gauDI rIti tathA ojasa guNa vyaJjaka vaNoM kA prayoga anukUla hotA hai| pAJcAlI rIti aura prasAda guNa ke vyaJjaka varNa sabhI rasoM ke anukUla mAne gae haiN| isase itanA spaSTa hai ki padalAlitya yadi rasAnukUla ho to adhika camatkAraka aura hRdayasparzI hotA hai, anyathA vaha kalApradarzanamAtra hotA hai| padalAlitya ke kSetra meM daNDI, mAgha aura zrI harSa (naiSadhakAra) ke nAma saMskRta kAvyajagat meM prasiddha haiN| jayodayakAra kA kAvya bhI isI koTi kA hai| navIna, ramaNIya tathA anavadya rasAnukUla pada zayyAyukta lalitapadAvalI meM zrutimadhuratA, saGgItAtmakatA aura layAtmakatA kA samyak viniyoga hotA hai| aisA viniyoga jayodaya mahAkAvya meM sarvatra dRSTigocara hotA hai| kavi ke antaHsaundarya kI abhivyakti padalAlitya ke rUpa meM kAvya kavi kI vaha kRti hai jo zrotA ke manovegoM ko taraGgita kara deve| isake lie kavi bhASA ke mAdhyama se lokamaGgalakArI preraNA ke kAntAsammata preraNA ke rUpa meM sahRdaya zrotAoM taka pahu~cAtA hai| kavi ke anta:saundarya kI abhivyakti padalAlitya ke rUpa meM hotI hai| kavi samAdhistha hokara anta:cakSu se usa saundarya kA pAna karatA hai aura vaha antaHsaundarya zabda kA Azraya lekara prakaTa hotA hai| jise anta:saundarya kI abhivyakti nahIM hai, vaha kaise zabdasaundarya se rasAnukUla artha donoM kA aucitya apekSita hotA hai| isalie kAvya ko zabdArthobhayagata mAnA gayA hai| 'kSaNe kSaNe yannavatAmupaiti, tadevarUpaM ramaNIyatAyAH', yaha ukti bhI padalAlitya meM vizeSarUpa se caritArtha hotI hai| jayodaya meM abhinava padalAlitya-yojanA, zobhAkAraka alaGkAroM kA sanniveza aura zAntarasa kI mAdhurI rUpI triveNI pravAhita huI hai, jisameM 354

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avagAhana karake mAnava sahI rUpa meM sadya:parinirvRti: prApta kara sakatA hai| padalAlitya ke vividha udAharaNa (1) anuprAsa alaGkAra ke sAtha catuSpAdAntavyApta padalAlitya jayodaya mahAkAvya meM anuprAsa alaGkAra se anuprANita padalAlitya prayeka sarga meM bahulatA se vyApta hai| padalAlitya ke hone para anuprAsa svabhAvataH hotA hai| jaise - amI zamIzAnakRpAM bhajanti, janu_nUnaM nijmaamnnti| pAdodakaM pakSigaNAH pibanti vedadhvaniM nityamanUccaranti / / 1/87 artha - ye pakSIgaNa samatAsampanna RSiyoM kI kRpA prApta karate haiM tathA usase apane janma kI saphalatA mAnate haiN| unake caraNodaka kA pAna karate haiN| RSiprokta vedadhvani (dravyAnuyoga zAstra) kA anukaraNa karate haiN| yahA~ mAdhuryaguNa tathA vaidarbhIrIti hai| bhajanti, Amananti, pibanti aura anUccaranti ina padoM ke dvArA cAroM padoM kI tukabandI kI gaI hai| amI- zamI meM tathA nakAra, pakAra, dakAra ke prayogoM meM anuprAsa alaGkAra hai| isa taraha isa padya meM catuSpAdanyApta padAnta tukabandI ke sAtha padalAlitya hai| anya udAharaNa (sandhyAkAla ke varNana prasaGga meM) patatyaho vArinidhau pataGga, padmodare samprati mRttbhRnggH| AkrIDakadronilaye vihaGgaH zanaizca rmbhorujnessvnnggH|| 15/20 artha - sUrya samudra meM gira rahA hai| mattabhramara kamala ke bhItara, pakSI udyAnavRkSastha ghoMsale meM jA rahe haiN| kAma dhIredhIre striyoM ke mana meM praveza kara rahA hai| yahA~ pataGga, mattabhRGga, vihaGgaH, aura anaGga padoM ke dvArA catuSpAda vyApta padAnta tukabandI ke sAtha padalAlitya hai pa, na aura ra varga meM anuprAsa bhI hai| mAdhurya aura prasAda guNa hai| prAta:kAla ke varNana prasaGga meM eka anya manohArI racanA draSTavya hai - mandatvamaJcati vidhormadhure prakAze, paryAptimicchati cakorakRte vilaase| saspandabhAvamadhigacchati vArijAte, sarvatra kIrNakarandini vAti vaate|| 18/6 artha - jaba candramA kA madhura prakAza mandatA ko prApta ho rahA thA, cakorapakSiyoM kA nRtyAdi vilAsa vyApAra zAnta ho rahA thA, kamala vikasita ho rahA thA aura sarvatra makaranda (parAga) ko milane vAle vAyu baha rahI thI jaba uSA kI lAlI phUTa rahI thI taba pakSIgaNa kala kala dhvani se anityAnuprekSA ko sArthaka kara rahe the| yahA~ zAnta rasa ke sthAyI bhAva nirveda kA dhvani hai| mAdhurya guNayukta isa padya ke padalAlitya se kauna madahoza nahIM hogaa| isI prakAra saptabhaGgI ke 'syAd avaktavya' jaise nIrasa viSaya kI upamA madhura padalAlitya se kavi ne dI hai - no naktamasti na dinaM na tamaH prakAzaH, naivAtha bhAnubhavanaM na ca bhaanubhaasH| ityarhato nRpa! caturthavaco vilAsaH, sandezake susamaye kila klybhaasH|| 18/62 artha- he rAjan ! arhanta ke caturtha vacana (syAd avaktavya) kA saMdeza dene vAle isa sundara prabhAtakAla meM na rAta hai, na dina hai, na andhakAra hai, na prakAza hai, na nakSatroM kA bhAna hai aura na sUrya kI dIpti hai| isI prakAra anya padyoM meM tukabandI rUpa padalAlitya prAyaH pratyeka sarga meM bahuta anAyAsa prayukta huA hai| jaise - agravarti iyarti mameyaM meyaM (1.23), manyaiH -dhanyaiH (5.13), adhikAra:- upacAraH (49), padairlAlitaiH- zlokasaGkalitaiH (6.5), bhRGga-bhRGga (15.8), atikAlI-kacapAlI (14.10), zrIdhvajavastrapalla: dIpazikhAMzamallaH (16.7), abhirAmeyAme (18.5), arhatIva-satIva (18.3), dalitvA-chalitvA(18.36), vicArabhAvA prabhAvA (18.37), adhikAra-pracAra: (18.65), utsavAya-vismayAya (18.56) aadi| adhika kyA kaheM prathama sarga kA prathama padya bhI isa padalAlitya se achUtA nahIM hai - zriyAzritaM snmtimaatmyuktyaa'khiljnymiishaanmpiitimuktyaa| tanomi natvA jinapaM subhaktyA, jayodayaM svAbhyudayAya shktyaa|| 1/1 kuzala kSema pUchate haiM to bhI padalAlitya kI bhASA kA prayoga karate haiM - nayanatAraka ! me'pyupakAraka ! suhRd AvRja vairinivAraka! 355

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svajanasajjanayoH paricAraka ! ciratarAdupayAsi vicaark|| 20/19 merI netroM ke tAre, saralajanoM ke upakAraka, vairinivAraka svajana pAvana sevaka, bahuta dinoM bAda A rahe ho alaGkAroM ke sAtha padalAlitya kathApyathAmuSya yadi zrutArAttathA vRthA sA'rya sudhaasudhaaraa| kAmaikadezakSariNI sudhA sA kathA caturvarga-nisargavAsA // 1.3 yahA~ vyatireka, yamaka aura anuprAsa alaGkAroM se alaGkRtapadalAlitya ke sAtha dIrghapadoM ke prayoga se janya padalAlitya bhI hai| virodhAbhAsa alaGkAra ke sAtha padalAlitya sadAcAravihIno'pi, sdaacaarpraaynnH| sa rAjApi tapasvI san, samakSo'pyakSarodhakaH // 28/5 rUpakAlaGkAra ke sAtha AkAzanIrAzayapuNDarIkaM, vadAmyado'GkasthitacaJcarIkam / yUnAM mano vartmani tartarIkaM, turatyaho kAmaramAmarIkam // 15/57 candravarNana meM kAmadeva kA mAno nirmala Atapatra hai candramA, amRta se pUrNa devayAga hai| utprekSA ke sAtha smarAmarasyAmalamAtapatraM zRGgAravArasya ca taamrptrm| virAjate samprati rAjasatraM sudhAmayaM shriidhusdaammtrm|| 15.59 anuprAsa ke sAtha sAraM satAraM lasadaGgahAraM, mnyjiirshinyjaanmyophaarm| mitraiH pavitraikatale'bhilASyaM, dazA dazAGgaM sudRzAM va lAsyam // 27.17 upamA ke sAtha -jina deva ke guNoM se samavasaraNa ke cAroM ora sthita vRkSoM kI upamA sumanobhirUpAsitA hitA, manujebhyazca phlodyaanvitaaH| paritApaharA mahIruhAH paritaH zrIzaguNopamAvahAH // 26.56 isI prakAra anyatra alaGkAroM ke prayoga meM padalAlitya nahIM chUTA hai| jaise - zleSa ke sAtha (7.85), dRSTAnta ke sAtha (26.73), samAsokti ke sAtha (8.59,14.7) ullekha ke sAtha (16.7), tadguNa ke sAtha (14.11), vakrokti ke sAtha (14.10), zrUSopamA ke sAtha (14.5), virodhAbhAsa ke sAtha (1.12), rUpaka ke sAtha (26.69), utprekSA ke sAtha (26.9,18) aadi| rasoM meM padalAlitya (a) ojaguNa aura gauDI rIti ke sAtha vIrarasa meM padalAlitya uddhRtasaddhalighanAndhakAre, zampA sakampA sma lstyudaare| raNAGgaNe pANikRpANamAlA, cukUjurevaM tu zikhaNDibAlAH // 8.8 (ba) mAdhuryaguNa aura vaidarbhI rIti ke sAtha zRGgArarasa meM padalAlitya hAlA hi lAlAyitamantaraGa, karoti bIjagrahaNeSvabhaGgam / hAlAhalaM prAha jane trapAlA, vAlApinI prItapaNasya bAlA16.31 (sa) mAdhuryaguNa aura prasAdaguNa ke sAtha zAntarasa meM padalAlitya ApAtamAtraramaNIyamaNIya etat kimpAkavat prmpaakrnniiytetH| pAtuM nRpAturatayA tu na yAtu kazcid dharmya vipAkapaTukaM kaTukaM vipazcit // 27.64 anya udAharaNa dhIravIra jayakumAra ne saMsAra rUpI sAgara ke uttama taTasvarUpa bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke caraNarUpa vRkSa ke sthAna ko prApta kiyaa| vahAM namaskAra karate hue unhoMne sAttvika bhAva ke kAraNa jAtI huI caJcala AMkhoM se yukta ho manohara motI 356

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prApta kie| arthAt bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke caraNoM kA sAnnidhya pAkara rAjA ke netroM se harSa ke azru nikalane lage jo azru motI ke kaNavat the| saMsAra - sAgara - sutIra- vadAdivIra - zrIpAdapAdapa - padaM samavApa dhiirH| tatrA''namaMstu jharaduttaralAkSimatvA - nmuktAphalAni lalitAni samApa sttvaat|| 26.69 isa taraha jayodaya mahAkAvya meM rasAdi ke anukUla lalitapadayojanA karate hue kavi bhUrAmalajI ne kalA pakSa ke sAtha bhAva pakSa kA bhI pUrA dhyAna rakhA hai| anuprAsa aura yamaka bhinna vividha alaGkAroM meM bhI padya racanA hote hue bhI lalitapadayojanA dvArA kavi padalAlitya meM prasiddha daNDI, mAgha aura zrIharSa se bhI Age nikala gae haiN| kAvya meM kevala padoM kI tukabandI nahIM hai apitu kavi kA abhinava lalitapadasanniveza sahasA sahRdayoM ke hRdayoM ko Avarjita kara letA hai| pazcAt arthapratIti ke mAdhyama se kAvya rasa meM Dubo detA hai| kaisA bhI varNanaprasaGga ho kavi padalAlitya ke sanniveza ke prati sajaga hai| kavi kI anya kAvya racanAoM meM bhI yaha pravRtti dekhI jAtI hai / sandarbha - 1. zabdacitraM vAcyacitramavyaGgayaM tvaraM smRtm| kAvyaprakAza - 1.5 2. zaktirnipuNatA lokazAstrakAvyAdyavekSaNAt kAvyajJazikSayAbhyAsa iti hetustdudbhve|| kA pra.1.3 zakti: kavitvabIjarUpa: saMskAravizeSaH, yAM vinA kAvyaM na prasareta, prasRtaM vA upahasanIyaM syAt / vahI TIkA 3. dekheM, Age rasoM ke pdlaality| 4. mAdhuryavyaJjakairvarNaiH racanA llitaatmkaa| avRttiralpavRttirvA vaidarbhI rItiraSyite // sAhityadarpaNa 9.2 guNoM ke vyaJjaka varNa - mUrdhni vargAntyagA: sparzA aTavargA raNau lghuu| avRttimadhyavRttirvA mAdhurye ghaTanA tathA // kA. pra. 8.74 yoga AdyatRtIyAbhyAmantyayoreNa tulyyo| TAdiH zaSau vRttidairghya gumpha uddhata ojasi / / kA. pra. - 8.75 stutimAtreNa zabdAttu yenArthapratyayo bhavet / sAdhAraNaH samagrANAM sa prasAdo guNo mtH|| kA.pra. 8.76 rItiyA~ - (ka) vaidarbhIrIti, dekheM isI phuTanoTa kA praarmbh| (kha) gaur3I rIti - 'ojaH prakAzakaivarNaibandha ADambara: punH| samAsabahulA gauDI........... / sA.da.-9.3 (ga) pAJcAlI rIti -varNaiH zeSaiH punrdvyo| samastapaJcapadobandhaH pAJcAlikA matA // sA.da. 9.4 5-7. karuNe vipralambhe taccchAnte caatishyaanvitm| dIptyAtmavistRterheturojo viirrssthitiH|| kA.pra. 8.69 bIbhatsaraudrarasayostasyAdhikyaM krameNa c| zuSkandhanAgnivat svacchajalavatsahasaiva yaH / / kA. pra. 8.70 vyAprotyanyat prasAdo'sau sarvatra vihitasthitiH / / kA.pra. 8.7 8. tadadoSau zabdArthau saguNAnavalaGkRtI puna: kvaapi|| kA.pra. 1.4 9. dekheM, Ti. 4,7 vIrodaya (mahAvIra carita ) kAvya meM Rtu varNana prANiyoM ke lie navacetanA pradAna karane vAlI prakRti RtuoM ke rUpa meM navavadhU ke samAna pariNamita hotI hai| isIlie kAvyazAstriyoM ne mahAkAvya kA lakSaNa karate hue usameM RtuvarNana kA sanniveza kisI na kisI rUpa meM Avazyaka mAnA hai, Rtu prakRti-pradatta eka varadAna hai| mahAkavi ne vIrodaya kAvya meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIvana caritra kA varNana karate hue unake garbha, janma Adi 357

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kalyANakoM ke samaya jo Rtu thI, usakA vahIM para citraNa kiyA hai| vIrodaya kAvya kA RtuvarNana kavi sampradAyAnukUla hote hue bhI kahIM kahIM apanI vizeSatA ko lie hue hai| abhinava kalpanAoM aura alaGkAroM se samalaGkRta hai| vIrodaya kAvya ke RtuvarNana kI praur3ha alaGkRta zailI kA rasAsvAdana kIjie(1) vasanta Rtu (4.5/6.12-36/12.22) vasanta Rtu ko sabhI RtuoM kA samrAT kahA jAtA hai| vIrodaya kAvya meM bhI varSARtu ke varNana prasaGga meM 'vasanta samrATa' (4.5) kahA gayA hai| isa Rtu meM puSpoM kI samRddhi hotI hai, ata: ise 'pauSpyesamaye' (6.16) kahA hai| AnandotpAdaka evaM sarojinI ke saurabhasAra se sugandhita vAyu ke pravAhita hone se ise grISma varNana prasaGga meM 'sarojinI saurabhasAragandhimadhau' (12.22) kahA hai| isake alAvA isake guNoM ke anurUpa isa Rtu ko 'kusumotsavaH' (6.18), 'narmazrI Rtu' (6.36), 'surabhi:'(6.12), 'anaGgaikasakhA' (6.13), 'madhusamaya'(12.22) Adi nAmoM se ullikhita kiyA hai| bhAratIya saMvatsara ke anusAra isa vasanta kA kAla sAmAnya rUpa se caitra-vaizAkha mAsa meM jaba sUrya mIna aura meSa rAzi meM rahatA hai, mAnA jAtA hai| vIrodaya kAvya meM mAgha ke bAda Ane vAle phAlguna mAsa se isa basanta ko svIkAra kiyA hai (samakSa mAghAdativartamAne 6.24 tathA saMskRta ttiikaa)| yaha samaya zizira Rtu kA hai jise kavi ne vasanta kA zaizava kAla kahA hai (6.32) / kavi ne isa Rtu kA varNana karate hue bhagavAna mahAvIra ke janma kAla caitra zuklA trayodazI taka hI varNana kiyA hai (6.38) kyoMki bhagavAna ke janmaprasaGga se hI isa vasanta Rtu kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / vasanta Rtu meM sUrya dakSiNAyana se uttarAyaNa ho jAtA hai| isa bAta ko dhyAna meM rakhakara kavi ne hetu prastuta kiyaa| hai jo bar3A manoraJjaka hai - pradAkudAGkitacandanAktauryAmyaiH samIrariva bhiitibhaaktaiH| kuberakANThA''zrayaNe prayatnaM dadhAti pauSye samaye yurtnm| 6.16 / candana vRkSoM se lipaTeM hue so ke ni:zvAsa kA viSa dakSiNa se Ane vAlI malayAnila se mizrita rahatA hai| yaha dakSiNI malayAnila basanta meM bahane lagatA hai kahIM saryoM ke viSa kA duSprabhAva mere Upara na par3e isI bhaya se sUrya dakSiNa dizA meM na jAkara uttara dizA kI ora gamana karane lagatA hai| dUsarI ora kavi dakSiNAnila bahane kA kAraNa bhinna prakAra se batalAtA hai ravirayaM khalu gantumihodyataH samabhavadyadasau dishmuttraam| digapi gandhavahaM nanu dakSiNA vahati vipriyanizvasanaM tarAm // 6.33 jaba sUrya dakSiNa dizA rUpI strI ko chor3akara uttara dizA rUpI strI ke pAsa jAne ke lie udyata huA to pativiyoga se duHkhita dakSiNadizA ke dIrgha niHzvAsa dakSiNa vAyu ke rUpa meM baha rahA hai / vasanta rAja aura vanalakSmI ke maNigrahaNa ke rUpa meM vasanta varNana darzanIya hai - vanyA madyoH pANidhRtistaduktaM puMskokilairvipravaraistu suuktm| sAkSI smarAkSINahavirbhugeSa bherInivezo'lininAda dezaH // 6.14 basantarAja aura vanalakSmI ke pANigrahaNa(vivAda) para narakoyala rUpa brAhmaNa ke vacana mantroccAra haiM, kAmadeva kI prajjvalita agni hI homAgni rUpa sAkSI hai ora bhauroM kA guJjana hI bherI ninAda (bAjoM kA zabda) hai| isa vasanta meM vanasthalI vaizyA ke samAna pratidina samRddhi ko prApta ho rahI hai, rAgotpAdaka kAmadeva cora kI taraha pathika janoM para tIkSNa bANa calA rahA hai, isa rAja zRGgAra sarvatra atithi rUpa meM pratiSThA prApta kara rahA hai aura samasta bandhu-janasamUha vasantazrI ke kautuka karane vAle vidUSaka ke samAna harSa ko prApta ho rahA hai (6.37) virahiNiyoM ko santApa dekara isa basanta ne jo apariharaNIya pApa kA arjana kiyA hai vahI udaya meM Akara bhauroM ke guJjana ke bahAne mAnoM basanta ko duHkhI kara rahA hai (6.36) vasanta meM AmravRkSa kI maJjarI ko dekhakara virahI pathika apanI priyA ko yAda karake mAno mRtyu ko prApta ho jAte haiN| arthAt kAmavAsanA kI abhivardhaka yaha Rtu hai (6.29) vasanta meM kAmadeva ke pA~ca bANa isa prakAra haiM, jo isa samaya sakriya ho jAte haiM-puSoM ko udgama, bhramara guJjana, dakSiNAnila kA pravAha, striyoM kI svAbhAvika ceSTAyeM aura koyala kI kUka (6.22) / 358

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puSpa-parAga kA vistAra (6.25); palAzavRkSa AmravRkSa, lavaGgalatA, gulAba, lAlakamala kA vikAsa (6.34), koyala kI kUka, bhramaraguJjana Adi isI Rtu kI ceSTAe~ haiN| vasanta meM sUrya mandagati kyoM hai ? -mRganayanI striyoM ke mukhakamala ko dekhane ke lie mAnA sUrya ne apane ratha kI gati ko manda kara diyA hai (6.29) / sUryagati kI mandatA se dina bar3e hone kI anya prakAra se bhI kalpanA kI hai (21.1) / isI taraha vividha rUpoM meM vasanta ko kavi ne citrita kiyA hai| (2) grISma Rtu ( 12.1-31) bhagavAna mahAvIra ke ugra tapazcaraNa kAla ko uddezya karake grISma Rtu kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| jyeSTha aura ASADha mAsa meM jaba sUrya vRSa aura mithuna rAzi meM rahatA hai taba grISma kAla mAnA jAtA hai / ina dinoM sUrya pracaNDa rUpa se tapatA hai aura dina bar3e hone lagate haiM kavi ne dina bar3e hone kI abhinava utprekSA kI hai - vilokya vIrasya vicAravRddhimiherpya yevAtha babhUva gRddhiH / vRSAdhiruDhasya divAdhipasyApi cAra Attorutayeti zasyA // 12.1) artha - bhagavAna ke sada vicAroM kI vRddhi ko dekhakara unake prati IrSyA karate hue mAnoM vRSa rAzi para AruDha sUrya kA saJcAra bhI dIrghatA ko prApta ho gayA hai| arthAt dina bar3e ho gae haiM kyoMki sUrya rAstA adhika samaya meM taya kara pAtA hai| dina kyoM bar3e hote hai vasanta meM ? eka utprekSA yahA~ dekho (6.29) / aba isI krama meM garmI meM dina kyoM bar3e hote hai dUsarI utprekSA dekhie - prayAtyarAtizca ravirhimasya darISu vizramya himAlayasya / / no cetkSaNakSINavicAravanti dinAni dIrghANi kuto bhavanti // 12.20) artha - hima kA sahaja vairI sUrya bhI himAlaya kI guphAoM meM vizrAma karake Age bar3hatA hai isIlie dina dIrgha ho rahe haiM / pRthvI para sUkhA kyoM par3A hai? svato hi sajRmbhitajAtavedA nidAghake rugNa ivoSNarazmiH / cirAdathotthAya karairazeSAn rasAnnigRhNAtyanuvAdi asmi // 12.2 // artha - grISma meM bar3hI huI jaTharAgni vAlA sUrya rugNa puruSa ke samAna AcaraNa karatA huA apane karoM (kiraNoM) se pRthvI ke samasta rasoM ko grahaNa kara le rahA hai / ataH sUkhA par3A hai / isI praMsaga meM 12.31.bhI dekheN| isI prakAra kaI anya kalpanAyeM kavi ne grISmakAla se sambandhita kI haiM - bhaisoM kI sthiti (12.13), sarya kI gati (12.11), kuttoM kI lapalapAtI jihvA (12.7), pathika janoM kI tRSNA (12.4) pataGga ur3AtI niHsantAna striyA~ (12.25-26) Adi / snAna, candana-vilepana, puSpamAlA dhAraNa (12.25) Adi kA varNana anya kaviyoM ke samAna milatA hai, inase garmI meM kucha rAhata to milatI hai parantu kAmIjanoM ke lie trANa ke lie to striyA~ hI sarovarI (sarasI) haiM (12.30) kyoMki zItalatA ina dinoM mAtra striyoM ke payodharoM meM virAjatI hai (12.18) / kavi ne grISma ke lie nidAghakAla (12.2) aura kharakAla (4.11) kA prayoga kiyA hai| (3) varSA Rtu (4.1-26) bhagavAn mahAvIra jaba ASAr3ha mAsa ke zukla pakSa kI SaSThI ko paTarAnI ke garbha meM Ate haiM to usake bAda varSA Rtu kA prArambha ho jAtA hai (4.1, 2) / sUrya zrAvaNa aura bhAdrapada mAsa meM karka aura siMha rAzi meM rahatA hai taba varSA Rtu mAnI jAtI hai| isa samaya pRthivI grISma janita santApa se unmukta hokara harIbharI ho jAtI hai aura mAno harSa se ullasita ho jAtI hai (4.3) / sarakaNDe paidA ho jAte haiM tathA aneka prakAra kI auSadhiyA~ bhI aMkurita hone lagatI hai (4.4) / mayUra kA nRtya (4.6), mRdaGgavat megha-dhvani (4.5), meDhaka kI Tarra-Tarra AvAjeM (4.17), kuTaja vRkSoM ke phUla (4.78), nakSatroM ke rUpa meM jugunuoM kI pRthvI para camaka (4.20), nitambiniyoM kA jhUlanotsava (4.21) Adi isa Rtu ke AkarSaNa haiN| isa Rtu ko kavi ne isake guNAnurUpa vibhinna nAmoM se smaraNa kiyA hai| jaise - rasAyanAdhIzvara (4.4), kalikAla (4.6-8), durdinakAla (4.7), nIlAmbarA prAvRD (4.10) aadi| vasanta samrATa ke viyoga se viyoginI tathA niSprabha huI pRthvI ke upakAra ke lie isa varSA Rtu ne mAno dizArUpI saheliyoM ke sahayoga se meghoM ke byAja se cAroM ora vizAla kamala-daloM ko phailA diyA haiM - vasanta samrADvirahAdapatu dishaavysyaabhirivopkrtum|| mahImahInAni ghanApadezAd dhRtAni nIlAbjadalAnyazeSAt / / 4.5 359

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grISma kAla meM pRthivI-putra vRkSa jalakara naSTa se ho gae haiM unako khojane ke lie duHkhita hue megha varSA ke bahAne AMsU bahAte hue bijalI rUpa dIpakoM ko lekara mAno idhara-udhara khoja rahe haiM - vasundharAyAstanayAn vipadya niryaantmaaraatkhrkaalmdy| zampApradIpaiH pariNAmavArdrAgvilokayantyambamaco'ntarArdrAH / / 4/11 megha kyoM varSA kara rahe haiM ? (4.11-12) kamala kyoM naSTa ho gae haiM ? (4.15) viyoginiyoM para kAmadeva kA kyA prabhAva hai ? (4.16), samudra ke jala kI vRddhi kyoM ho rahI hai ? (4.23-24), jhUle para jhUlatI hue candramukhI nAyikAyeM Upara kI ora aura nIce kI ora kyoM A rahI hai ? (4.22) rAtri aura dina meM sadA andhakAra rahane para dina aura rAta kA bodha kaise hotA hai (4.25) Adi ke sambandha meM manohAri utprekSAyeM kI gaI haiN| varSA Rtu ko eka kamanIyA nAyikA ke rUpa meM kavi ne citrita kiyA hai (4.10) / varSAkAla meM kAmadeva zItalajala kaNoM ke bhaya se hI mAno pati viyoga se saMtapta aGganAoM ke antaraGga meM praveza karake una para apanA prabhAva pradarzita kara rahA hai| (4) zaradaRtu (21-1-20) bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nirvANa kAla (kArtika kRSNa caturdazI kI rAtri) ke antima prahara meM zarada Rtu kA vaibhava navoDhA nAyikA kI taraha zobhAyamAna thA (21,3), kavi ne yahA~ kalpanA kI hai ki sarvajanavallabha bhagavAn mahAvIra jaba zivalakSmI(muktiramA) ko varaNa karane ke lie udyata the to usa mahotsava ko dekhane ke lie hI mAno zarad Rtu dharAtala para avatIrNa huI (21.1) / Azvina aura kArtika mAsa meM sUrya jaba kanyA aura tulA rAzi meM rahatA hai, taba zarad Rtu kA kAla mAnA jAtA hai (21.11,20) / isa zarad Rtu meM sarovara kA jala aura AkAzatala eka jaisA ho jAtA hai (21.7) / AkAza meM tArAgaNa motI ke samAna aura candramA dIpaka ke samAna suzobhita hone lagate haiM (21.4,9) / jala nirmala ho jAtA hai (21.4) / mayUra kA bolanA banda ho jAtA hai (21.5) / pRthivI kIcar3a se rahita ho jAtI hai aura kamala khila jAte haiM (21.6) / sAThI dhAnya paka jAtI hai aura AkAza bAdaloM se rahita ho jAtA hai (21.3) / kRSaka apane gharoM meM dhAnya lAte haiM aura khalihAnoM meM use rakhate haiM (21.12) kAmoddIpaka saptaparNa aura vRkSoM ko puSpa sugandhi se yukta zAradIya havAyeM bahane lagatI haiM, kamala aura kamaliniyoM kA vikAsa ho jAtA hai (21.15) / priyA kI yAda meM pathikoM kI sthiti DaMvAMDola ho jAtI hai (21.15) / kAmadeva kA sarvatra sAmrAjya phaila jAtA hai (21.18,19) / kavi kI kucha adbhuta kalpanAyeM darzanIya haiM / jaise - yaha zarad Rtu yogiyoM kI sabhA ke samAna AcaraNa vAlI hai - vilokyate haMsaravaH samantAnmaunaM punarbhogabhujo ydntaat| divaM samAkrAmati satsamUhaH seyaM shrdyogisbhaa'smduuhH| 21.5 'meghoM kI gambhIra vANI ko jItane vAle haMsoM ke zabdoM se hama parAjita ho gae haiN|' aisA socakara udAsa hue mayUra gaNa apane zarIra ke paMkhoM ko ukhAr3a-ukAr3akara pheMka rahe haiN| jitAjitAmbhodhara sArabhAsAM rutairatAmI pttaamudaasaa| unmUlayanti svatanUruhANi zikhAvalA AzvinamAsi taani|| 21.11 sUrya isa Rtu meM uttarAyaNa se dakSiNAyana kyoM ho jAtA hai ? parisphuratSaSThizarad dharA'sau jAtA paribhraSTa payodharA dyauH / itIva santaptatayA gabhastiH svayaM yamAzAyugayaM smsti|| 21.3 artha - pRthvI rUpI strI ko sATha varSa (sAThI dhAnyavAlI) kI dekhakara tathA dyau nAma kI strI ko bhraSTa payodharA dekhakara hI mAno sUrya santapta citta hokara svayaM yamapura (dakSiNadizA) jAne ke lie tatpara hai| sUrya ne siMha rAzi ko chor3akara kanyA rAzi meM kyoM praveza kiyA ? smaraH zaradyasti janeSu kopI tapasvinAM dhairyaguNo vylopi| yato dinezaH samupaiti kanyArAziM kilaasiimtpodhno'pi|| 21.13 artha - tapasviyoM ke bhI dhairya ko chur3Ane vAlA asIma tapasvI evaM pracura tApa ko dhAraNa karane vAlA bhI yaha sUrya isa zarada Rtu meM siMha rAzi (siMha vRtti) ko chor3akara kanyArAzi (kanyAoM ke samUha) meM jA rahA hai| yaha bar3e Azcarya kI bAta hai| (5-6) hemanta Rtu aura zizira Rtu (9.18-45, 10.1,2) 360

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prAyaH kaviyoM ne hemanta aura zizira Rtu donoM kA samAveza zIta Rtu meM karake eka sA varNana kiyA hai| yahA~ eka sthAna para zizira Rtu ko vasanta kA zaizavakAla batalAyA hai - ayi lavaGgi! bhavatyapi rAjate vikalite zizire'pi ca zaizave / atizayonnatimatstavakastanI bhrmrsnggvshaanmdnstve| 6.32 artha- ayi lavaGgalate ! tuma saubhAgyavatI ho kyoMki tumhArA zizirakAla rUpa zaizavakAla bIta cukA hai aura aba nava yauvanAvasthA meM puSpoM ke gucchoM rUpI unnata stanoM se yukta ho gaI ho| bhauMroM ke samparka se kAma-prastAva ko prApta ho rahI ho| zizirocitapriyAH striyAH (9.20) kahakara zIta Rtu kA hI varNana kiyA hai| anyatra eka sthAna para ziziravAyu kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai (9.23) / bhAratIya saMvatsara ke anusAra mArgazIrSa aura pauSamAsa meM jaba sUrya vRzcika aura dhanu rAzi meM rahatA hai taba hemanta Rtu hotI hai| mAgha aura phAlguna mAsa meM jaba sUrya makara aura kumbha rAzi meM hotA hai taba zizira Rtu mAnI jAtI hai| vIrodaya kAvya meM zIta Rtu ke Agamana kA kAraNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ke dvArA logoM kI jar3atA dUra karane ke lie kiyA gayA krodha yukta upakrama hai (9.18) / / kanyA rAzistha sUrya jaba hemanta Rtu meM dhanurAzistha ho jAtA hai to vaha karNa rAjA (kanyA kuntI se utpanna aura dhanurvidyA pAraGgata) ke samAna parAkramI hokara yogiyoM ko bhI ka~pA dene vAlA ho jAtA hai - kanyAprasUtasya dhanuHprasaGgatastvananyamevAtizayaM prvibhrtH| zItasya pazyAmi parAkramaM jina zrIkarNavatkampakaraM ca yoginH|| 9.19 sUrya ke dhanu:rAzistha hone para dUsarI utprekSA dekhie - ravirdhanuH prApya janImanAMsi kila prahartuM vilsttmaaNsi| smaro himairvyastazarapravRttistasyAsako kiGkaratAM bibharti // 9.28 artha - himapAta se astavyasta zara saJcAlana vAle kAmadeva kI sahAyatArtha hI mAno sUrya dhanuSa lekara (dhanu rAzi pr)| usakI kiGkaratA (sevakapane) ko prApta huA hai| dina choTe aura rAtriyA~ bar3I kyoM hotI haiM ? isa hemanta Rtu meM rAtri rUpA zyAmA strI kI zIta-pIr3A ko dekhakara yaha dina(sUrya) use prItivaza adhika ambara (vastra, samaya) de detA hai| athavA zIta se Atura huA yaha sUrya rAtri meM apanI sundara strI ke gAr3ha AliGgana meM so jAtA hai, jisase vaha prAta: Alasya ke kAraNa zIghra nahIM uTha pAtA hai| zyAmAsti zItAkuliteti matvA prItyAmbaraM vAsara eSa dttvaa| kilAdhikaM saGkucitaH svayantu tasyai punastiSThati kiirtitntu||9.29 zItAturo'sau taraNirnizAyAmAliGgya gADhaM dayitAM sugaatriim| zete samutthAtumathAlasAGgastatassvato gauravameti raatriH||9.22 isI prakAra anya vividha utprekSAoM, upamAoM Adi ke dvArA isa zIta Rtu (hemanta aura zizira) kA kavi ne citraNa kiyA hai| jaise - zIta meM daridra puruSa kI sthiti (9.25), vAnaroM kI sthiti (9.27), vRkSoM kI zobhA kA vinAza (9.22), himapAta honA (9.21), priyAvihIna kI maraNavat sthiti (9.35), priyAvihIna puruSa ke lie to rAtriyA~ sAkSAt yamayAminI haiM (9.40), striyoM kI kanduka krIr3A (9.36-38), tArAtativat kundapuSpoM kA vikAsa (9.42), pakSiyoM kA saJcAra banda honA aura zIta vAyu kA saJcAra honA (9.35), ThiThurana kA bar3hanA aura dA~to kA kiTakiTAnA (9.43), hiraNa ke dvArA pAsa meM par3I huI ghAsa ko uThAkara nahIM khA pAnA, sammukha Ate hue hAthI para AkramaNa karane meM siMha kA asamartha honA, brAhmaNoM ke sandhyAvandana hetu hAthoM kA na uThanA Adi (9.45) jalAzayoM ke Upara barpha kI parta jama jAne se vaha aisI lagatI hai mAno usane zIta se bacane ke lie cAdara oDhalI ho (9.41) / isa zIta Rtu meM ve hI surakSita raha sakate haiM, jo strI ke AliGgana meM baddha hoM, rajAI ho aura aGgIThI jalatI huI pAsa meM ho / aise logoM kA zIta kucha nahIM bigAr3a sakatI hai (9.24, 44) bhayabhIta sUrya kI garmI ne striyoM ke kucasthaloM meM zaraNa le rakhI hai (9.30, 33) / kavi ne zItakAlIna vAyu ko pati ke rUpa meM citrita kiyA hai - rucA kacAnAkalayaJjanISvayaM nitambato vstrmutaapsaaryn| radacchadaM sItkRtipUrvakaM dhavAyate dadhacchaizira aashugo'thvaa|| 9.23 361

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zIta se murajhAye hue kamaloM ko dekhakara bhagavAn mahAvIra saMsAra kI asAratA ko jAnakara virakta ho jAte haiM (10.1, 2) / isa taraha vIrodaya kAvya meM zizira Rtu kA pRthak saGketa karate hue chahoM RtuoM kA sundara evaM abhinava kalpanAoM se samanvita citraNa kiyA hai| yaha Rtu varNana balAt sanniviSTa nahIM kiyA gayA hai apitu kathAnaka ke anusAra yathAprasaGga AyA hai| kisI bhI dRSTi se saMskRta ke labdhapratiSThita kaviyoM ke RtuvarNana se yaha RtuvarNana kamajora nahIM hai sabhI RtuoM kA varNana sabhI mahAkAvyoM meM prAya: nahIM milatA hai| isa RtuvarNana ko dekhane se kavi kA RtuoM se prema, unakA sUkSma nirIkSaNa jyotiSazAstra evaM kAmazAstra kA parijJAna, eka hI viSaya ko vibhinnarUpoM meM prastuta karane kI kalpanA zakti, zliSTa padAvalI kA prayoga, rasAbhivyakti kI kSamatA Adi kA patA calatA hai| paM. mahendrakumAra nyAyAcArya-sampAdita nyAyakumudacandra kA sampAdana vaiziSTya grantha paricaya bhaTTAkalaGkadevakRta laghIyastraya aura usakI svopajJavivRtti kI vistRta vyAkhyA kA nAma hai 'nyaaykumudcndr'| nyAyakumudacandra eka vyAkhyA grantha hokara bhI apanI mahattA ke kAraNa svatantra grantha hI hai| isameM bhAratIya darzana ke samagra tarka-sAhitya evaM prameya-sAhitya kA AloDana karake navanIta prastuta kiyA gayA hai| tArkika-ziromaNi prabhAcandrAcArya ne niSpakSa bhAva se vAtsyAyana, udyotakara Adi vaidika tArkikoM ke aura dharmakIrti Adi bauddha tArkikoM ke matoM kA vivecana karake unake hI granthoM kA AdhAra lekara khaNDana niSpakSatA se kiyA hai| sAtha hI jainAcAryoM ke mantavyoM kA prastutIkaraNa kiyA hai| jaina siddhAntoM ke sandarbha meM uThane vAlI sUkSma se sUkSma samasyAoM ko uThAkara unakA tArkika zailI meM vizada samAdhAna prastuta kiyA hai| tarkazAstra vaha zAstra hai jo atIta, anAgata, dUravartI, sUkSma aura vyavahita arthoM kA jJAna karAtA hai| tarkazAstra kA vizeSataH sambandha anumAna pramANa se hai| parantu kabhI-kabhI indriyapratyakSa aura Agama kI pramANatA meM sandeha hone para tarka ke dvArA hI usa sandeha kA nivAraNa kiyA jAtA hai| isa zailI kA Azraya lekara paravAdiyoM ke prAyaH sabhI siddhAntoM kI samIkSA nyAyakumudacandra meM kI gaI hai| jisa prakAra prabhAcandrAcAryakRta prameyakamalamArtaNDa-prameyarUpI kamaloM kA vikAsa karane ke lie mArtaNDa (sUrya) hai usI prakAra nyAyakumudacandra bhI nyAyarUpI kumudoM kA vikAsa karane ke lie candramA hai| jaisA ki pahale kahA jA cukA hai ki nyAyakumudacandra bhaTTAkalaGkakRta laghIyastraya aura usakI svopajJavivRti kI vyAkhyA hai| laghIyastraya meM pramANapraveza, nayapraveza aura pravacana praveza ina tIna choTe-choTe prakaraNoM kA saMgraha hai| pramANapraveza meM cAra pariccheda haiM, nayapraveza meM eka tathA pravacanapraveza meM do| isa taraha laghIyastraya meM kula sAta pariccheda haiN| prathama pariccheda ke prArambhakI do kArikAoM para, paJcama pariccheda kI antima do kArikAoM para, SaSTha pariccheda kI prathama kArikA para aura saptama pariccheda ko antima do kArikAoM para vivRti nahIM hai, zeSa para hai| vivRti meM diGnAga, dharmakIrti, vArSagaNya aura siddhasena ke granthoM se vAkya yA vAkyAMza lie gae haiN| (nyAyakumuda prastAvanA, pra.bhA.,pR.5-7) jainadarzana meM svAmI samantabhadra ( I0 2rI zatA0 ) ko jaina tarka vidyAkI nIMvakA pratiSThApaka mAnA jAtA hai| pazcAt siddhasena divAkara (vi0 saM0 625 ke AsapAsa )ko jaina tarka kA avataraNa karAne vAlA aura AcArya bhaTTAkalaGka (I07-8 zatA0) ko jaina tarka ke bhavyaprAsAda ko saMsthApita karanevAlA mAnA jAtA hai| akalaGka dvArA saMsthApita siddhAntoM kA Azraya lekara paravartI jaina nyAya ke grantha likhe ge| AcArya vidyAnanda ( I0 9vIM zatA0) ne isa tarkavidyA ko praur3hatA pradAna kI ora AcArya prabhAcandra (I0 980-1065) ne jaina tarkavidyA kI durUhatA ko bodhagamya bnaayaa| prazastapAdabhASya, vyomavatI, nyAyabhASya, nyAyavAtika, nyAyamaMjarI, zAbarabhASya, zlokavArtika, bRhatI, pramANavArtikAlaGkAra, tattvasaMgraha Adi jainetara praur3ha tarka granthoM kA gahana adhyayana karake AcArya prabhAcandra ne unakI hI zailI meM prabalayuktiyoM meM unake siddhAnta kA parimArjana kiyA hai| isa taraha jaina tarka zAstra meM navIna zailIko janma dekara nyAyakumadacandra jaise grantha likhakara vyomavatI jaise prauDha granthoM kI kamI ko pUrA kiyA hai| sampAdana aura prakAzana yojanA / mANikacandra di0 jaina granthamAlA ke mantrI paM0 nAthUrAma jo 'premI' kI icchA se prerita hokara nyAyAcArya, nyAyadivAkara, jainaprAcIna nyAyatIrtha Adi upAdhiyoM se vibhUSita paM0 mahendrakumAra zAstrI jo zrI syAdvAda di0 jaina 362

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mahAvidyAlaya, kAzI meM jaina nyAya ke adhyApaka the, ne paM0 sukhalAla saGkavI dvArA saMpAdita sanmatitarka kI zailI meM nyAyakumudacandra kA sampAdana prArambha kiyaa| yaha paM0 mahendrakumArajI kA isa kSetra meM prathama prayAsa thaa| isake sampAdana meM paM0 sukhalAla saGghavI aura paM0 kailAzacandra jI kA bahumUlya sahayoga rahA hai| sampAdanopayogI sAhityopalabdhi karAne meM pUjya gaNezaprasAda jI varNI kA audArya pUrNa sahayoga milaa| isake sampAdana meM pA~ca pramukha pratiyoM se sahAyatA lI gaI thI aura una pratiyoM ke AdhAra para jo yA to azuddha thIM yA adhUrI thIM, prastuta saMskaraNa kA sampAdana kitanA kaThina kArya hai, yaha anubhavI sampAdaka hI samajha sakatA hai| sampAdana karate samaya jina-jina bAtoM kA dhyAna rakhanA cAhie una sabhI kA dhyAna rakhA gayA hai| prastuta saMskaraNa mANika candra granthamAlA, bambaI se I0 san 1938 tathA 1941 meM kramaza: do bhAgoM meM prakAzita huA hai| chapAI meM mUlapATha, vivRtti, vyAkhyAna, TippaNa, pAThAntara, virAmacihnoM Adi kA samucita prayoga kiyA gayA hai| viSaya kI subodhatA tathA zodhArthiyoM ke upayoga ke lie dvitIya bhAga meM nimna 12 pariziSTa die gae haiM (1) laghIyastraya-kArikAnukramaNikA, (2) laghIyastraya aura usakI svavivRti meM Agata avataraNavAkyoM kI sUcI, (3) laghIyastraya aura svavivRti ke vizeSa zabdoM kI sUcI, (4) anya AcAryoM dvArA uddhRta laghIyastraya kArikAyeM evaM vivRti aMzoM kI tulanA, (5) nyAyakumudacandra meM uddhRta granthAntaroM ke avataraNa, (6) nyAyakumudacandra meM nirdiSTa nyAyavAkya, (7) nyAyakumudacandra meM Agata aitihAsika aura bhaugolika nAmoM kI sUcI, (8) nyAyakumudacandra meM ullikhita grantha aura granthakAroM kI sUcI, (9) nyAyakumudacandrAntargata lAkSaNika zabdoM kI sUcI, (10) nyAyakumudacandrAntargata kucha viziSTa zabda, (11) nyAyakumudacandrAntargata dArzanika zabdoM kI sUcI, (12) mUla grantha tathA TippaNImeM prayukta grantha saGketa sUcI (pRSTha saGketa ke saath)| paM0 mahendrakumArajIkA vaiduSya paM0 mahendrakumArajI nyAyAcArya jinhoMne nyAyakumudacandra, prameyakamalamArtaNDa, akalaGka granthatraya Adi mahattvapUrNa evaM gambhIra granthoM kA saTippaNa sundara sampAdana kiyA hai, unakI barAbarI kA Aja dUsarA koI sampAdaka nahIM dikhalAI par3a rahA hai| Apa jainavidyA ke prakANDa manISI to the hI, sAtha hI jainetara nyAyazAstra meM bhI gaharI paiTha thii| nyAyakumudacandra ke TippaNa tathA dvitIya bhAgakI 63 pRSThoM kI vistRta prastAvanA Apake vaiduSyako prakaTa karatI hai| prathama bhAga kI 126 pRSThoM kI prastAvanA paM0 kailAzacandrajI zAstrI dvArA likhita hai / isake bAda bhI Apane dvitIya bhAga meM prabhAcandrakI vaidika aura avaidika itara AcAryoM se tulanA karate hue abhinava tathyoM ko prakaTa karane vAlI prastAvanA likhI hai| grantha saGketa sUcI, zuddhipatraka Adi ke sAtha vistRta viSayasUcI donoM bhAgoM meM dI gaI hai jisase viSaya kI durbodhatA samApta ho gaI hai| sampAdana kI pramukha vizeSatAe~ paM0 mahendrakumAra jI ke vaiduSya ko tathA sampAdana kalA kI vaijJAnikatA ko prakaTa karanevAlI prastuta nyAyakumudacandra ke saMskaraNa ko pramukha vizeSatAe~ nimna haiM - 1-Adhunika vaijJAnika paddhati se sampAdana kiyA gayA hai| granthasaGketasUcI, vistRta viSayasUcI, pariziSTa, prastAvanA, zuddhipatraka, sahAyaka granthasUcI, virAma cihnoM kA samucita prayoga, TippaNa, pAThAntara, tulanA Adi sabhI suvyavasthita aura prAmANika haiN| 2-dvitIya bhAgakI prastAvanA sabase adhika mahattvapUrNa hai jisameM sampAdakane athaka zrama kiyA hai| aitihAsikatA ke bIjoM ko udghATita karate hue tulanAtmaka dRSTi apanAI gaI hai| viSaya vivecanameM saGkIrNatA nahIM apanAI gaI hai| 3- kucha TippaNiyA~ granthakAra ke Azaya ko spaSTa karane ke lie tathA kucha pAThazuddhi ke lie bhI dI gaI haiN| 4-pratyeka viSaya ke antameM pUrvapakSa aura uttarapakSa sambamdhI granthoM kI vistRta sUcI dI gaI hai jisase usa viSaya ke paryAlocana meM aura adhika sahAyatA milatI hai| 5-prastAvanA meM AcArya akalaGka aura prabhAcandra ke sambandha meM jJAtavya aneka aitihAsika aura dArzanika mantavyoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| prasaGgata: jaina evaM jainetara granthakAroM kI tulanA karate hue bahuta-sI bAtoM ke rahasya khole gae haiN| ise yadi jainatarka yuga ke itihAsa kI rUparekhA kahI jAya to koI atyukti nahIM hogii| ataH aitihAsikoM ke lie yaha prastAvanA bahuta upayogI hai| 6-jo pATha azuddha the unako sudhArane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| sampAdaka ne isa bAta ko iMgita karane ke lie usa kalpita zuddha pATha ko ( ) aise brekiTa meM diyA hai| isake atirikta jo zabda mUla meM truTita the yA nahIM the unakI jagaha 363

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sampAdaka ne jinazabdoM ko apanI ora se rakhA hai use [ ] aise brekriTake dvArA pradarzita kiyA hai| 7-isake sampAdana meM IDara bhaNDAra kI (A0 saMjJaka) prati ko Adarza mAnA gayA hai| zeSa anya cAra pratiyoM kA yathAsthAna upayoga kiyA gayA hai| vivRtti kI pUrNatA A0 prati ke atirikta jayapura kI prati se kI gaI hai| _isa taraha nyAyAcArya paM0 mahendra kumAra jI kA yaha prathama sampAdana kArya itanA mahattvapUrNa aura AdarzadIpaka huA ki kAlAntara meM inheM prameyakamalamArtaNDa Adi granthoM ke sampAdana kA uttaradAyitva sauMpA gayA jise inhoMne usI lagana aura ImAnadArI se pUrNa kiyaa| nyAyakumudacandra kA ina para itanA prabhAva thA ki inhoMne isake sampAdana kAla meM utpanna jyeSTha putra kA nAma smRtinimitta 'kumudacandra' rakhA jo kAla kI gati kA nizAnA bana gayA aura sampAdita yaha grantha hI usakA puNyasmAraka banA jise paM0 jI ne apane sAhitya yajJa kI Ahuti maanaa| aise svanAmadhanya paM0 mahendrakumAra jI kI pratibhA jo prabhAcandrAcAryavat thI ko zatazata vandana karate hue unake dvArA pradarzita mArga para calane kI kAmanA karatA huuN| veda ke apaurUSeyavAdatva kI samIkSA maharSi vidyAnanda (I0 san 775-840) viracita tattvArthazlokavArtikAlaGkAra meM kahA hai - sUkSmAdyarthopadezo hi ttsaakssaatkrtRpuurvkH| propdeshlinggaakssaanprekssaavitthttvtH|| 1 / / arthAt paropadeza, indriyAdi liGga kI apekSA na rakhate hue sarvajJa kA sUkSmAdi padArthoM kA upadeza prAmANika hai tathA unake upadeza ke anusAra kathita Agama vacana bhI prAmANika haiN| isa zloka meM samAgata 'sarvajJa kA upadeza paropadeza nirapekSa hotA hai isa vizeSaNa para Apatti karate hue mImAMsakoM kA kahanA hai ki dharmopadeza sadA paropadezapUrvaka hI hotA hai tathA dharmopadeza meM codanA (veda kA preraka vidhi vAkya) hI pramANa hai, anya nahIM / veda kisI puruSa athavA Izvara kI racanA na hone se apauruSeya haiN| isa sandarbha meM mImAMsakoM kA kahanA hai ki apauruSeya veda vAkyoM ko sunakara zrotA samajhatA hai ki maiM veda vihita vAkyoM se prerita hokara yAgAdi dhArmika kriyA kara rahA hU~ isameM kisI puruSa vizeSa yA AcArya kI preraNA kAraNa nahIM hai, jisakI satyatA ke lie upakrama kiyA jaae| 'veda vAkya svataH pramANa haiM ataH unakI satyatA pramANita karane ke lie kisI pramANAntakI apekSA nahIM hotI hai parantu laukika vAkyoM meM pravRtti karAne meM puruSa kI preraNA kAraNa hotI hai aura vahA~ preraka kI pramANatA hetu usake guNoM ko dekhA jAtA hai| laukika aura vaidika vacanoM ke upadeza meM yahI antara hai| jainoM kA kahanA hai ki prayatna ke binA vacanoM meM pravRtti nahIM hotI hai kyoMki padArthoM ko batalAne vAle vacanoM kI utpatti sadaiva puruSa-vyApAra se hotI hai| isake uttara meM mImAMsakoM kA kahanA hai ki laukika zabda bhale hI pauruSeya hoM parantu vaidika zabda sadA hI apauruSeya aura nitya haiN| isa viSaya ko samajhane ke lie Avazyaka hai ki hama pahale mImAMsakoM ke una siddhAntoM para dRSTi DAleM jinake kAraNa ve vedoM ko apauruSeya kahate haiM - 1. mImAMsA darzana meM nyAya-vaizeSikoM kI taraha sRSTikartA anAdi kisI sarvajJa Izvara (mahezvara) kI sattA ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| isalie vedoM kI prAmANikatA ko Izvara racita kahakara siddha nahIM kara sakate haiN| ataH una vedavAkyoM kI satyatA (prAmANikatA) siddha karane ke lie vedoM ko apauruSeya mAnanA par3atA hai| 2. jainoM kI taraha ve kisI puruSa vizeSa ko bhI sarvajJa svIkAra nahIM krte| ata: sarvajJapraNIta bhI vedoM ko nahIM kaha skte| ve kisI ko sarvajJa nahIM mAnate, sarvajJatA kA khaNDana karate haiN| 3. mImAMsaka zabda aura artha kA nitya sambandha svIkAra karate haiM aura varNa, pada Adi ko nitya mAnate haiM, anitya nhiiN| sphoTavAdI vaiyAkaraNa bhI zabda ko nitya aura vyApaka mAnate haiM parantu jaina zabda ko anitya svIkAra karate haiM kyoMki ve tAlvAdi prayatnajanya (kArya) haiN| zabda kArya haiM kyoMki tAlvAdi kAraNoM ke hone para utpanna hote haiM aura kAraNoM ke abhAva meM utpanna nahIM hote haiN| jisa prakAra ka,kha,ga Adi varNa puruSa prayatna janya haiM usI prakAra varNo ke samudAya rUpa pada tathA padoM ke samudAya rUpa vAkya bhI janya haiN| 4. zabda kA viSaya samAnya mAtra hai, jainoM kI taraha sAmAnya-vizeSarUpa vastu nhiiN| zabda kA viSaya yadi kevala sAmAnya ko mAnA jAyegA to vyakti vizeSa kA bodha kaise hogA? isa prazna ke uttara meM mImAMsakoM kA kahanA hai ki sAmAnya vyakti vizeSa ke binA nahIM rahatA, ata: sAmAnya se lakSita vyakti vizeSa kI pratIti lakSita-lakSaNA se hotI hai| jainoM kA kahanA 364

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hai ki saGketagraha sAmAnya viziSTa vizeSa meM hotA hai anyathA arthakriyA nahIM bnegii| yadi sAmAnya meM zakti-graha mAnoge to usakA vizeSa ke sAtha kauna sA sambandha hogA? saMyoga, tAdAtmya aura samavAya sambandha bana nahIM sakate haiN| mImAMsaka samavAya sambandha svIkAra bhI nahIM karate haiN| 5. mImAMsaka yadyapi svataH (pramANAntara-nirapekSa) prAmANyavAdI haiM kintu aprAmANya parataH (prAmANAntara sApekSa) mAnate haiM kyoMki aprAmANya doSoM ke kAraNa AtA hai| veda svataH pramANa haiM kyoMki ve apauruSeya haiN| isa sandarbha meM jainoM kA kahanA hai ki jaise aprAmANya kI utpatti 'parataH' (doSoM se) hotI hai usI prakAra prAmANya kI utpatti bhI guNoM se hotI hai| arthAt prAmANya aura aprAmANya kI utpatti parataH hotI hai kintu 'jJapti' abhyAsa dazA meM svataH aura anabhyAsa dazA meM 'parataH' hotI hai| (tadubhayamutpattau parata eva, jJaptau tu svataH paratazca) 'veda apauruSeya haiN| isa sandarbha meM anumAna pramANa prastuta karate haiM- veda apauruSeya hai kyoMki smaraNa yogya hote hue bhI unake kartA kA kabhI bhI smaraNa nahIM hotA hai, jaise- aakaash| samIkSA yadi veda kA koI kartA hotA to vedArtha yajJa kA anuSThAna karate samaya yajJa-kartA usake prAmANya kA nizcaya karane ke lie usake kartA kA smaraNa avazya krtaa| cUMki buddhimAn loga vipula parizrama tathA vipula dhana-vyaya sAdhya, agniSToma, agnihotra Adi yajJoM meM ni:saMzaya pravRtta hote haiM, ata: unakI satyatA meM koI saMzaya nahIM hai| yadi unakI satyatA meM saMzaya hotA to nizcaya hI una yajJoM meM pravRtta na hote| veda bhI, rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata Adi kI taraha eka vAkyaracanA hai, ataH usakA koI kartA avazya honA cAhie, bhale hI hameM Aja usakA smaraNa na ho| aisI bahuta sI racanAe~ haiM jinake kartA kA hameM smaraNa karane para bhI patA nahIM calatA hai, phira bhI ve kisI na kisI kI racanA mAnI jAtI haiN| kartA kA smaraNa na hone mAtra se 'veda apauruSeya haiM' yaha kathana asaGgata hai| Apa kaise kaha sakate haiM ki veda ke kartA kA smaraNa nahIM hotA? kyA eka puruSa ko smaraNa nahIM hotA athavA sabhI puruSoM ko smaraNa nahIM hotA? eka asarvajJa puruSa ke smaraNAbhAva se veda ke kartRtvAbhAva ko nahIM kahA jA sktaa| yadi sabhI vyaktiyoM kI tInoM kAloM meM smaraNa 'sa hi rudraM veda-kartAram' isa vAkya se rudra kA veda kartRtva-siddha hotA hai| purANoM meM veda kA kartA brahmA ko batalAyA gayA hai| nyAya darzana meM Izvara ko veda kA kartA kahA gayA hai| aisI sthiti meM 'veda kA koI kartA nahIM hai aisA kaise kahA jA sakatA hai? smRti purANa Adi kI taraha veda kI kaI zAkhAe~ haiM- taittirIya, mAdhyandina aadi| yadi veda apauruSeya hote aura unameM kathita zabda nitya hote tathA unakA dharma bhI prAmANika hotA to ye zAkhAe~ kaise pallavita hotI? isa arthabheda ke kAraNa zaMkA hotI hai ki kisakA kathana prAmANika hai aura kisakA aprAmANika? kiJca veda-vAkyoM kA vastuta: eka hI prakAra kA artha nahIM hai, jaise 'svargakAmo agnihotraM juhyAt' isakA dUsarA artha bhI sambhava hai- agnihaH = kuttA, autra = mAMsa, juhyAt = khaave| kuttA mAMsa khAve, yaha dUsarA artha Apako bhI anucita hai| veda ke sAyaNa Adi vyAkhyAkAroM meM bhI artha-bheda dekhA jAtA hai jabaki Apa zabda ko eka, vyApaka aura sAmAnya ko viSaya karane vAlA mAnate haiN| isa kathana ke sAtha ApakI saGgati kaise baiThegI? avizvasanIya puruSa ke kathana para koI vizvAsa nahIM karatA aura kahane para pravRtti bhI nahIM krtaa| ApakA kahanA hai ki veda-vAkya vidhi rUpa (preraka) haiM, ata: yadi una veda-vAkyoM meM prAmANikatA nahIM hotI to koI bhI vyakti yAgAdi meM pravRtta nahIM hotaa| kevala apauruSeya kahane se pravRtti nahIM bnegii| jaba taka usake vaktA ke vacanoM kA pramANa siddha na ho| trikAlajJa, sarvajJa hI pUrNa prAmANika ho sakatA hai aura Apa veda-vAkya sarvajJa dvArA racita nahIM mAnate, ata: use svataH pramANa bhI kaise kahA jA sakatA hai? veda vihita yajJAdi se milane vAlA svargAdi phala bhI adRzya hI hai| ata: vedoM ko apauruSeya aura svataH pramANa kahanA sarvathA anucita hai| 'nAgnihotraM svargasAdhanaM hiNsaahetutvaat| agnihotra ko veda meM svarga kA sAdhana batalAyA gayA hai jabaki isameM pazu-hiMsA hotI hai| pazu-hiMsA hone se yaha dharma kaise ho sakatA hai? yadi 'vaidikI hiMsA hiMsA na bhavati' (veda vihita hiMsA hiMsA nahIM hotI hai) aisA kahA jAegA to khArapaTikoM kA yaha kathana ki dhanavAnoM kA vadha karanA cAhie kyoMki dhanavAn bahuta adharma karate haiN| yahA~ bhI dhanavAnoM ke vadha ko hiMsA nahIM kahA jA skegaa| ata: jaise dhanavAnoM ke vadha se hiMsA nahIM hotI hai usI prakAra ApakA bhI kathana hiMsA paraka hone se anartha mUlaka hai| 'dhanavAnoM kI hiMsA karane se svarga milatA hai yaha kathana veda-vihita nahIM hone se hiMsA hai aura agnihotra vihita hiMsA veda-vihita hone se svarga prApaka hai- aisA ApakA kathana 365

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kalpanA mAtra hai, mithyA hai| Aja bhI hama dekhate haiM ki dharmAndha vyakti dharma ke nAma para hiMsA karate haiM aura use dharma mAnate haiM jo sarvathA pApAcaraNa hai| prAmANika puruSa dvArA kathita preraka vAkya ko sunakara zrotA kI kriyA meM pravRtti hotI hai| veda vAkya uccAraNa mAtra se hI zrotA ko svayameva yajJAdi meM pravRtta karAtA hai| ApakA yaha kathana ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki AcArya ke dvArA prerita hokara 'maiM yajJa meM pravRtta ho rahA hU~'- aisA sarvatra dekhA jAtA hai kevala vacana sunakara nhiiN| yajJa hI dharma hai jo vidhivAkyoM se vAcya hai| ApakA yaha bhI kathana ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki jaina-bauddha Adi agnihotra yajJoM ko dharma na mAnakara adharma hI mAnate haiM kyoMki usameM hiMsA hotI hai| veda vAkya saMzaya-rahita bhI nahIM haiN| yajJa ke sandarbha meM jahA~ niSedha kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai vahA~ AyA hai 'nAti rAtre SoDazinaM gRhNAti, atirAtre SoDazinaM gRhNAti" isa taraha siddha hotA hai ki na to zabda nitya haiM aura na ve apauruSeya hI haiN| vedoM meM hiMsAdi kA pratipAdana hone se unameM vihita veda-vAkyoM ko dharma nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| vedoM kI racanA jaba taka kisI sarvajJa dvArA athavA kisI prAmANika puruSa dvArA nahIM mAnI jAegI taba taka usameM prAmANikatA siddha nahIM ho skegii| apauruSeya kaha dene mAtra se vedoM kI apauruSeyatA siddha nahIM hotI hai| vidhi vAkya cU~ki kArya haiM, ata: ve anitya haiM aura unakA koI na koI kartA avazya hai, jaise, laukika vaaky| sandarbha sUcI 1. tattvArthazlokavArtika, kArikA 9 2. tattvArthazlokavArtika, pR062 3. vahI, pR0 63 4. vahI, pR061 5. vahI, pR065 6. vahI, pR0 66 7. arthasaMgraha, laugAkSibhAskara, niSedha prakaraNa, merA lekha 'mImAMsA meM niSedha miimaaNsaa'| 8. vistAra ke lie dekheM 'nyAyakumudacandra', pR0 721, 'prameyakamalamArtaNDa', pR0 391-403, 'jainanyAya', pR0 260-266, mImAMsakoM ke pUrvapakSa hetu dekheM 'zAbarabhASya' 1.1.5, 'bRhatI' pR0 177, 'mImAMsAzloka 366 aadi| guru paM. jaganmohana lAla jI zAstrI ko zata zata vandana mere gurudeva jinhoMne mujha jaise pASANa ko tarAzakara siddha-sArasvata banA diyA - (1) nAma meM virodhAbhAsa - 'jaganmohana' zabda ke cAra artha sambhava haiM-(1) jo jagat ko mohita kare (jagati yaH svAkarSakaguNAdibhiH zarIrAdibhirvA mohayatIti jgnmohnH)| (2) saMsAra meM kAmadeva ke samAna mohana svabhAvI (jragati mohanavat kAmavat mohanaH jgnmohnH)| (3) jise jagata se moha nahIM hai, aisA vItarAgI (jagati moho nAsti yasya saH jgnmohn:)| (4) jagat ke prANiyoM ke lie zivasvarUpa kalyANakArI (jagati mohanaH zivaH kalyANakara: etannAmako devo vA jgnmohnH)| ina cAra zabda-vyutpattiyoM meM se prathama do unake sarAgIpane ko sUcita karatI haiM jabaki antima do unake vItarAgabhAva ko prakAzita karatI haiN| vastutaH apekSA bheda (naya bheda) se ve bAhara se sarAgI (gRhastha) aura andara se vItarAgI (sAdhaka) haiN| hindU purANoM meM eka kathA AtI hai| jaba samudra-manthana se amRta nikalA, to use pAne ke lie deva aura rAkSasa donoM meM chInA-jhapaTI hone lgii| taba bhagavAn viSNu ne rAkSasoM ko Thagane ke lie 'mohanI' kA rUpa dhAraNa karake amRta ko rAkSasoM se bacAkara devoM ko diyA thaa| isI taraha paM0 jaganmohana ne rAkSasarUpI karmazatruoM ko Thagane ke lie apanA jaganmohana rUpa banAkara unheM ThagA aura apanI deva-tulya jJAna cetanA ko jAgRta kiyaa| (2) kArya kSetra meM virodhAbhAsa -jisa prakAra nAma meM virodhAbhAsa dikhatA hai, usI prakAra kArya kSetra meM bhI virodhAbhAsa dikhatA hai / jaise-prakAza nahIM parantu samAja ke prakAzastambha haiM, trizalAnandana (bhagavAn mahAvIra) nahIM, parantu trizalAnandana-pathAnugAmI haiM, mRga nahIM, parantu kastUrI (prathama patnI kA nAma, jinase san 1922 meM vivAha huA thA) 366

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ko dhAraNa karate haiM, phUla nahIM parantu phUlamatI (dvitIya patnI kA nAma jinase san 1934 meM vivAha huA thA) se samalaGkRta haiM, mohana (kAmadeva yA kAmadeva kA vANa) nahIM, parantu jaganmohana haiM, gokula nahIM parantu gokulaprasAda ratna (paM0 jI ke pitA kA nAma) haiM, amara (deva) nahIM, parantu amaracandra (paM0 jI ke putra) ke janaka haiM, deva nahIM parantu devadvaya (paM0 jI ke do putra) se pUjita haiM, bhagavAn RSabha nahIM parantu RSabha-kSamA (paM0 jI kI putravadhU, bha0 RSabha dvArA pratipAdita kSamA guNa ke dhAraka) se vibhUSita haiM, rAjanetA nahIM parantu rAjanIti niSNAta haiM, palaTa svabhAvI nahIM; parantu palaTUrAma jI (paM0 jI ke hitaiSI) ke bhakta haiM, bha0 gautama buddha nahIM parantu siddhArtha (paM0 jI kA putra) ke pitA haiM, ratnAkara (samudra) nahIM parantu guNaratnoM ke Akara haiM, AkAza nahIM parantu zazidvaya (indu aura zazi ye do kanyAyeM haiM, zazi putravadhU bhI hai) se veSTita haiM, brahmacArI (brahmacarya pratimAdhArI) haiM parantu muktiramA ke cirAliGgana ke abhilASI haiM, karmaTha (bha0 pArzvanAtha para upasarga karane vAlA) nahIM, parantu karmaTha haiM, tyAgI nahIM parantu rAgadveSa ke tyAgI haiM (tyAga para padArtha kA hotA hai, sva kA nhiiN| ata: koI bhI tyAgI nahIM hai| parantu vyavahAra naya se rAgadveSa ke tyAgI haiN|) (3) vividha guNoM ke Akara - jaise dIpAvalI meM nagara vividha dIpamAlAoM se suzobhita hotA hai, vaise hI unake caitanya nagara meM aneka guNamAlAoM kA sadA nivAsa hai| inhIM guNoM ke kAraNa Apa gAr3hAndhakAra meM dIpaka haiM, vipatti meM bandhu haiM, duHkha rUpI samudra meM naukA haiM aura samasyAoM ke sulajhAne meM mantrazakti sampanna haiM / inake atirikta, syAdvAda kI sAkSAt pratimUrti, samAja sudhAraka, antarjAtIya vivAha samarthaka, ekatA ke abhilASI, teraha-bIsa pantha meM samajhautAvAdI, vidvatpariSad ke prANa, di0 jaina saGgha ke prANa pratiSThApaka, samudravat gambhIra, saumyamUti, anuzAsana priya, sAdagI kI mUrti, zAnti patha ke pathika, udAra evaM sarala hRdaya, tarka vAgIza, saMskRtaprAkRta Adi bhASAoM ke udbhaTa vidvAn, zAnti niketana (kaTanI vidyAlaya) ke niketana, svAdhyAya premI, kuzala pravaktA, AgamajJa, vividha patra-patrikAoM ke mArgadarzaka, jaina saMdeza ke sampAdaka, aneka saMsthAoM ke sakriya kAryakartA, aneka puraskAroM evaM sammAna patroM se sammAnita, dezapremI, rAjanIti niSNAta, chAtroM ke hitaiSI, sarvadharma samanvayavAdI, zrAvakadharmapradIpa grantha ke pradIpaka, zrAvakAcAra sAroddhAra grantha ke uddhAraka tathA adhyAtma amRta kalaza svAtmabodhinI kI praznottarI TIkA ke racayitA haiN| (4) sapta saMkhyA se sambandha - sAtaveM tIrthakara supArzvanAtha kI janma bhUmi syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya kAzI meM adhyayana karane ke kAraNa Apa meM sapta saMkhyA kA praveza kara gyaa| phala svarUpa Apa sAta pratimAdhArI, sapta vyasana tyAgI, sAta bandhuoM aura putroM se putravanta, sAta nayoM ke jJAtA, saptabhaGgI ke vyAkhyAtA, sAta sthAnoM se vizeSa sambandhita (zahaDola, kaTanI, mathurA, sAgara, morenA, kAzI aura kuNDalapura), saptama varSa meM mAtR viyogI, sAta karmoM (Ayu karma chor3akara) kA pratikSaNa prakRti bandha aura pradeza bandha karate hue bhI sthiti aura anubhAgabandha se virakta ho ge| (5) parivAra maMDala - jo dhanya kumAra jaise anuja sahayogI se satata pariveSTita ho, vaha svayaM kyoM na dhanya ho? jo nAma aura guNoM se indu aura zazi nAmaka candravadanA kanyAoM kA janaka ho, vaha svayaM AhlAdakatA sundaratA, zItalatA Adi candra guNoM se kyoM na paripUrNa ho ? pramoda aura vinoda se yukta amaracanda, devacanda, devakumAra jaise suragaNoM kA jo janaka ho, vaha siddhArtha kA janaka kyoM na ho ? kSamA, samatA, mamatA mayI mInA se jaDita tathA zazi pratibimbita guNamAlA se jisake putra samalaGkRta hoM, vaha svayaM kyoM na guNa-ratnoM kI nidhi ho? (6) kaTanI aura kuNDalapura nivAsa meM hetu - jaise kisAna phasala ke taiyAra hone para kaTanI karatA hai, vaise hI jJAnArjana ke bAda ratnatraya rUpI phasala kI kaTanI karane ke lie kaTanI meM hI ramane vAle, athavA jJAnAvaraNAdi karmoM kI kaTanI phaTanI karake jJAnasvabhAvI AtmA kI rakSA karane hetu kaTanI ko kAryakSetra cunane vAle, athavA dUsaroM ke ajJAnAndhakAra ko kATane hetu kaTanI ko nivAsa sthAna banAne vAle, athavA ratnatraya kI karanI aura karmoM kI kaTanI meM nizcaya-vyavahAra naya ke dvArA samanvaya karane kI icchA se kaTanI ko hI kArya kSetra cunane vAle guruvarya ne kaTanI ko hI raNabhUmi bnaayaa| jaise kuNDala se kAna alaGkRta hotA hai, usI prakAra mahAvIra rUpI kuNDala se alaGkRta siddha kSetra kuNDalapura kA Azraya hI sacce alaGkAra kA sAdhana hai, aisA jAnakara pIche kuNDalapura meM ho lavalIna ho ge| aise svanAma dhanya vItarAgI, ApAtataH virodhAbhAsI parama pUjya guruvarya ko merA zata zata vandana jinake padArpaNa se na kevala unakA janma sthala zahaDola grAma sudarzana hai apitu maiM bhI zAhagar3ha nivAsI hokara sudarzana nAmadhArI bar3akula bana gyaa| 367

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mArgaNAoM dvArA jIvoM kI sthiti kA jJAna jinake dvArA jIvoM ko khojA jAtA hai unheM mArgaNA kahate haiN| karmoM ke bandhanoM se jakar3A huA yaha saMsArI jIva kina kina rUpoM meM kahA~ kahA~ pAyA jAtA hai isI anveSaNa kA nAma hai 'maargnnaa'| karma-zatruoM ko jItane vAlA zuddha svarUpI AtmA karma- mukta hokara 'jina' kahalAtA hai| jina kI do avasthAyeM hotI haiM-1. arhantAvasthA (jIvanmuktAvasthA) aura 2. siddhAvasthA (videhamuktAvasthA yA ashriirii-avsthaa)| ina avasthAoM ko prApta karane ke liye jIva ratnatrayAtmaka dharmarUpIdhanuSa,cetanAguNarUpI pratyaMcA (DorI )tathA caudaha mArgaNAoM rUpI bANoM ke dvArA karma-zatruoM ke rAjA moha ko jItatA hai| gati, indriya Adi 14 mArgaNAyeM haiN| anveSaNA, gaveSaNA, khoja aura mArgaNA saba ekArthaka haiN| sat, saMkhyA Adi anuyogoM, caudaha guNasthAnoM tathA caudaha jIvasamAsoM (dharma vizeSoM) ke dvArA bhI jIvoM kA anveSaNa kiyA jAtA hai| nAma, sthApanA Adi nikSepoM Adi ke dvArA bhI jIvoM ko khojA jAtA hai| unameM mArgaNA vizeSa rUpa se rUDha hai| loka vyavahAra meM padArthoM ke anveSaNa meM cAra bAteM dekhI jAtI haiM - 1. mRgayitA (anveSaNa kartA), 2. mRgya(anveSaNIya), 3. mArgaNA (anveSaNa meM sahAyaka kAraNa) tathA 4. maargnnopaay| yahAM para jIvAdi padArthoM para zraddhAna karane vAlA bhavya jIva mRgayitA hai| caudaha guNasthAnoM meM sthita yA deva- gatyAdi meM sthita jIva mRgya hai, tat-tat sthAnoM meM sthita jIvoM ke anveSaNa meM atyanta sahAyaka kAraNa gati aadi| mArgaNAyeM haiM tathA guru-ziSya, zAstra Adi mArgaNA ke upAya haiN| caudaha mArgaNAyeM tathA unameM sthita jIvoM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa nimna hai| -1. gati, 2. indriya, 3. kAya, 4. yoga, 5. veda, 6. kaSAya, 7. jJAna, 8. saMyama, 9. darzana, 10. leSyA, 11. bhavyatva, 12. samyaktva, 13.saMjJA tathA 14. aahaar| (1) gati mArgaNA gati nAmakarma ke udaya se bhavAntara (agalA janma) meM hone vAlI jIva kI paryAya (athavA manuSya, tiryaMca, deva aura naraka ina cAra gatiyoM meM gamana ke kAraNa) ko gati kahate haiN| ina gatiyoM meM janma lene vAle jIvoM kI khoja karane ko gati mArgaNA kahate haiN| yaha jIva jaba taka mukta nahIM hotA hai taba taka cAroM gatiyoM kI 84 lAkha yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa karatA rahatA hai| mukta hone para jIva ko siddhagati yA paJcama gati kI prApti hotI hai jahA~ se punaH saMsAra meM Agamana nahIM hotA hai| vahA~ AtmasvarUpa ananta jJAna sukhAdi meM lIna rahatA hai| (ka) naraka gati - citrA pRthvI ke nIce sAta naraka haiN| jahA~ jIva saMjJI paJcendraya hote haiM, sthAvara aura dvIndriyAdi (24 indriya vAle) nahIM hote haiN| inake dAr3hI mUMcha nahIM hotii| zarIra vaikriyika hotA hai jise ve choTA bar3A Adi aneka rUpa kara lete haiN| inakA zarIra baiDola, kurUpa aura durgandhamaya hotA hai| atyadhika bhUkha-pyAsa se vyAkula rahate haiN| inakA zarIra kaTane para punaH jur3a jAte haiM jisase akAlamRtyu nahIM hotii| azubhalezyA vAle bahuta Arambha-parigraha vAle pApI mithyAdRSTi jIva narakoM meM janma lete haiN| naraka baddhAyuSka vAle samyagdRSTi jIva bhI naraka meM jA sakate haiN| jaghanya Ayu 10 hajAra varSa aura utkRSTa Ayu 33 sAgara taka hotI hai| sAtaveM naraka ke nIce eka rAjU kA kSetra nigodiyA jIvoM kA hai ise kalakala yA AThavIM pRthvI kahate haiM parantu yahA~ koI pRthvI nahIM hai, khAlI kSetra hai jahA~ nigodiyA jIva do prakAra ke haiM nitya nigoda (jo kabhI bAhara nahIM nikalate) aura itara nigoda haiN| eka zvAsa meM labdhyaparyAptaka jIvoM ko 18 bAra janmamaraNa hotA rahatA hai| paryAptakoM kA antamuhUrta kAla hai| yahA~ jIvoM kI saMkhyA akSaya ananta hai| AgamAnusAra 6 mAsa 8 samaya meM 608 jIva mokSa jAte haiM aura usa samaya meM utane hI jIva nigoda se nikalakara tiryaMcAdi gatiyoM meM Ate haiN| (kha) tiryaJca gati - ekendriya se lekara caturindraya taka ke sabhI jIva tiryaJca gati vAle hote haiN| isa gati meM saMjJIasaMjJI donoM prakAra ke paJcendriya (jalacara, thalacara aura nabhacara pazu-pakSI Adi) bhI hote haiN| hAthI, ghor3A, siMha Adi meM aNuvrata pAlana karane kI yogyatA hotI hai parantu manuSyagati vAloM se bahuta km| inakA audArika zarIra hotA hai| akAla mRtyu sambhava hai| inakI jaghanya Ayu eka antarmuhUrta aura utkRSTa tIna palya kI ho sakatI hai| karmabhUmi ke tiryaJcoM kI utkRSTa Ayu eka varSa koTi taka sambhava hai| mAyAcArI Adi karane se isa gati kI prApti hotI hai| 368

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(ga) manuSyagati - yaha zreSTha gati hai kyoMki yahA~ se jIva saMyama aura tapa ke dvArA mokSa prApta kara sakatA hai| pApAcaraNa karane para sAtaveM naraka taka bhI jA sakatA hai| alpa Arambha-parigraha vAlA jIva isa gati ko prApta karatA hai| yahA~ strI, puruSa aura napuMsaka tInoM liGgoM ke jIva hote haiM isa gati ke sabhI jIva saMjJI paJcendriya hote haiM inakA bhI audArika zarIra hotA hai| (gha) devagati - ye vaikriyika zarIradhArI hote haiN| ata: inake nAkhUna, bAla, dAr3I, haDDI, mUMcha, khUna Adi nahIM hote| akAlamRtyu nahIM hotI, parachAI nahIM pdd'tii| palakeM nahIM jhapakatI, mala-mUtra bhI nahIM hotaa| bhogoM kI pracura sAmagrI kalpavRkSoM se milatI rahatI hai| ye saMyama nahIM pAla skte| jaba bhUkha lagatI hai to kaNTha se amRta jhara jAtA hai, ata: manuSyoM kI taraha bhojana nahIM karanA par3atA hai| ye puruSa aura strIliGga vAle hote haiM, napuMsaka nhiiN| ye tInoM lokoM meM pAye jAte haiN| inakI jaba mRtyu AtI hai to cha: mAha pUrva unake gale kI mAlA murajhA jAtI hai| ye avadhijJAna ke dhAraka hote haiN| sabhI saMjJI paMcendriya hote haiM / yahA~ samyagdRSTi aura mithyAdRSTi donoM prakAra ke hote haiN| saMyama dhAraNa karane meM asamartha hone ke kAraNa ye jaina muniyoM ko AhAra nahIM de skte| tIrthaGkara kI pAlakI nahIM uThA sakate (jaba muni dIkSA lene jAte haiN)| devagati ke jIva cAra prakAra ke hote haiM - 1. bhavanavAsI (10 bheda), 2. vyantara (8 bheda), 3. jyotiSka (5 bheda) aura 4. vaimAnika kalpavAsI yA kalpotpanna 1-16 svargoM ke deva aura kalpAtIta (9 graiveyaka, 9 anudiza aura 5 anuttara) ke bheda se do prakAra ke haiN| 'sarvArthasiddhi' nAmaka anuttara vimAnavAsI deva sarvottama haiM tathA eka bhavAvatArI hote haiN| saudharma indra, usakI indrANI (zacI), laukAntika deva (5veM svarga brahmaloka ke deva), saudharma indra ke sabhI lokapAla tathA sabhI dakSiNendra ye sabhI eka bhavAvatArI (manuSya gati meM janma lekara mukta honA) deva haiM |anudish aura cAra anuttara deva dvibhavAvatArI hote haiN| phira deva punaH manuSya hote haiN| eka bhavAvatArI bhI ho sakate haiN| sabhI samyagdRSTi hote haiN| bhavanavAsI, vyantara aura jyotiSka Adi devoM ko bhavanatrika kahate haiN| ye mithyAdRSTi hote haiN| deviyoM kI utpatti bhavanavAsI, vyantara, jyotiSka ina bhavanatrikoM meM tathA prathama dvitIya vaimAnika svargoM meM hI hotI hai| Age ke svargoM meM deviyoM kA janma nahIM hotaa| dUsare svarga se Upara ke deva niyogAnusAra apanI-apanI deviyoM ko uThAkara le jAte haiN| svarga) se 5-8 svarga ke deva rUpa dekhakara, mAtra zabda sunakara (9-12 svarga), mAtra mana meM cintana karake (13-16 svarga ke deva) kAmavAsanA kI pUrti karate haiN| Age ke kalpAtIta deva kAmasevana nahIM karate vahA~ devAGganAyeM bhI nahIM hotii| laukAntika deva (devarSi) brahmacArI tathA dvAdazAGga tathA caudahapUrvo ke pAThI hote haiM tathA ve tIrthaGkaroM ke tapa kalyANaka ke samaya pratibodhana karane Ate haiN| ye sArasvata Aditya Adi ke bheda se 8 prakAra ke haiN| kramaza: 8 dizAoM meM rahate haiN| inameM saba svataMtra tathA samAna haiN| indra Adi ke adhIna nhiiN| ghAtAyuSka tathA mithyAdRSTi(jainetara liGgI) jIva 12 veM svarga taka jA sakate haiN| dravyaliGgI jainasAdhu navagraiveyaka taka tathA zrAvaka 16 veM svarga taka janma le sakate haiN| bhAvajinaliGgI sarvArthasiddhi taka yA mokSa taka jA sakate haiN| abhavya mithyAdRSTi bhI jinaliGga dhAraNa karake navagraiveyaka taka janma le sakatA hai| devoM kI jaghanya Ayu 10 hajAra varSa aura utkRSTa 33 sAgara taka hai| vigrahagati kA bhI ullekha zAstroM meM milatA hai jisakA tAtparya hai, eka jIva jaba marakara kisI bhI gati meM jAkara anya zarIra ko dhAraNa karatA hai taba madhyavartI kAlavigrahagati kahalAtI hai| yaha mor3A rahita tathA mor3A sahita (adhikatama tIna moDA) hotI hai| isa samaya kArmaNa aura tejas zarIra rahatA hai| yaha pRthak gati nahIM hai| gatiyA~ 4 hI haiN| siddhoM kI gati ko paMcamagati bhI kahate haiM parantu vaha gati bhedoM meM nahIM aatii| (2) indriya mArgaNA indra( aizvaryazAlI) zabda kA artha hai 'AtmA' aura AtmA ke liGga (cihna) ko indriya kahate haiN| indra nAmakarma ke udaya se jo racI jAve vaha indriya hai| isake do bheda haiM - (1) bhAvendriya aura (2)dravyendriya / matijJAnAvaraNa aura vIryAntarAya karma ke kSayopazama se AtmA meM vizuddhi (artha grahaNa karane kI zakti) utpanna hotI hai aura usase utpanna huA jJAna (zakti) bhAvendriya hai| Atma-vizuddhi ko labdhi (yogyatA) kahate haiN| usa vizuddhi ke dvArA apane viSayabhUta rUpAdi arthagrahaNarUpa vyApAra upayoga kahalAtA hai| labdhi aura upayoga ye donoM bhAvendriyAM haiN| jAti nAmakarma ke udayasahita zarIranAmakarmodaya se zarIra meM sparzanAdi bhAvendriyoM ke cihna rUpa dravyendriyA~ hotI haiN| ve bAhya- nivRtti aura Abhyantara nirvRtti ke bheda se do prakAra kI haiN| indriya saMjJA ko prApta AtmapradezoM meM jo pudgala-pracaya cakSu Adi pratiniyata AkAra 369

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ko grahaNa karatA hai vaha bAhyanivRtti hai tathA usameM jo AtmapradezoM kI racanA hai vaha Abhyantara nivRtti hai| arthAt bAhyarUpa meM dikhane vAlI cakSu Adi ko dravyendriya kahate haiM tathA jina AtmapradezoM se dekhane Adi kI zakti prApta hotI hai vaha Abhyantara indriya hai| AMkha kI putalI Adi bAhya upakaraNa haiN| indriyoM kI saMkhyA pA~ca hai jo kramaza: pratiniyata sparza, rasa, gandha, rUpa aura zabda kA jJAna karAtI haiN| mana ko atIndriya (Isat indriya) kahA gayA hai jo pA~coM indriyoM ko niyantrita karatA hai| mana sahita jIva ko 'saMjJI' kahate haiN| jisako kevala sparzana indriya hotI hai use ekendriya kahate haiM, jaise bhUmi, jala, agni, vAyu aura vnsptiyaaN| inameM cetanatA rUpa jIvatva pAyA jAtA hai| inheM sthAvara jIva kahate haiN| sthAvara bhI do taraha ke haiM - sAdhAraNa (jinake eka zarIra ke Azrita aneka jIva rahate haiM tathA nitya nigoda aura itara nigoda) aura pratyeka (ye sapratiSThita aura apratiSThita hote haiN)| jaba eka jIva ke Azrita hokara kaI svatantra sAdhAraNa vanaspati-kAyika jIva rahate haiM to use 'sapratiSThita' kahate haiM tathA jisameM anya sAdhAraNa vanaspati jIva Azrita hokara nahIM rahate haiM use aprtisstthit| kahate haiN| dvIndriya se paJcendriya ke jIva 'trasa' kahalAte haiN| laTa, keMcuA Adi do indriya,cIMTI, khaTamala Adi tIna indriya, makkhI, macchara Adi cAra indriya tathA pazu, deva, nArakI, manuSya Adi pA~ca indriya vAle jIva haiN| pA~ca indriya vAle kucha mana sahita tathA kucha mana rahita hote haiN| 1-4 indriya vAle sabhI jIva mana rahita (asaMjJI) hI hote haiN| ina ekendriyAdi meM jIvoM kA anveSaNa karanA indriya mArgaNA hai| yahAM bhAveMndriyA~ hI grahaNa karanA, dravyendriyAM nahIM kyoMki bhAvendriyoM kI apekSA hI indriyapanA svIkRta hai, isIliye dravyendriyoM ke hote huye bhI 13veM tathA 14 veM guNasthAna vAloM (jIvanmukta arhantoM) ko atIndriya kahA gayA hai| arhantoM ke matijJAnAvaraNAdi sabhI karmoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai ,kSayopazama nahIM, bhAvendriyAM matijJAnAvaraNa aura vIryAntarAya karma ke kSayopazama se hotI haiM, kSaya se nhiiN| (3) kAya mArgaNA jAti nAmakarma ke sAtha avinAbhAvI sambandha rakhane vAlA trasa aura sthAvara nAmakarma hotA hai| unake udaya se utpanna huI AtmA kI trasa yA sthAvara rUpa avasthA/paryAya kAya kahalAtI hai| pudgala skandhoM se kAyA kI saMracanA hotI hai| vyavahAra naya se jIvavipAkI jAtinAmakarma trasa aura sthAvara nAma karma kA kArya hone se jIva kI paryAya ko bhI kAya kahA jAtA hai, zarIra pudgalavipAkI zarIra nAmakarma kA kArya hone se zarIra bhI kAya hai| kAyA meM jIvoM kI khoja karanA kAyamArgaNA hai| yaha 6 prakAra kI hai - pRthvIkAya, jalakAya, agnikAya, vAyukAya, vanaspatikAya aura trskaay| prathama pA~ca bheda sthAvara ke haiM,zeSa trasa kAya haiN| siddha jIva kAya tathA karma donoM se rahita hote haiN| zarIra ke kaI taraha se bheda kiye jAte haiM - (ka) do bheda - bAdara(sthUla) aura sUkSma / sthAvara jIva bAdara aura sUkSma donoM prakAra ke hote haiM parantu trasa jIva bAdara hI hote haiN| (kha) pA~ca bheda - audArika, vekriyika, AhAraka, taijas aura kaarmnn| (ga) do bheda - sAdhAraNa aura prtyek| (gha) do bheda - sapratiSThita aura aprtisstthit| ATha prakAra ke jIvoM ke zarIra apratiSThita (jinake Azrita bAdara nigoda jIva nahIM rahate) hote haiM -pRthvIkAyika, jalakAyika, agnikAyika, vAyukAyika, arhanta kevaliyoM ke zarIra, AhAraka zarIra, devoM kA vaikriyika zarIra aura nArakiyoM kA vaikriyika shriir| inameM prathama cAra zarIra sthAvara ekendriyoM ke haiM, zeSa cAra trasa paJcendriyoM ke haiN| sapratiSThita zarIra haiM- vanaspatikAyika, dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya, aura paJcendriya (manuSyoM ke bhii)| jisa prakAra kabADI kAbar3a ke bhAra ko DhotA hai usI prakAra yaha saMsArI jIva zarIrarUpI kabAr3a ko lekara karmarUpI bhAra ko DhotA hai| saMsArAvasthA meM koI bhI jIva eka kSaNa bhI zarIra ke binA nahIM rahatA hai| maraNa hone para bhI tejas tathA kArmaNa zarIra sadA rahate haiN| (4) yoga mArgaNA' yahAM mana, vacana aura kAya ke parispanda ko yoga kahA hai| yogoM meM sthita jIvoM kI khoja karanA yogamArgaNA hai| samasta AtmapradezoM meM karmoM (karma-vargaNArUpa pudgalaskandhoM ko jJAnAvaraNAdirUpa karma, nokarma rUpa) ko grahaNa karane kI zakti kA nAma yoga hai| AtmA meM yaha zakti (parispanda) pudgalavipAkI zarIranAmakarma ke udaya se mana vacana, kAya / vacana, kAya / kAya se sahita saMsArI jIvoM ko hI hotI hai| ata: jinake pudgalavipAkI zarIranAmakarma kA udaya nahIM hotA hai unheM yaha yoga nahIM hotA hai| jaise ayogakevalI (14 veM guNasthAnavartI) jIva ko| yaha AtmA kA svAbhAvika guNa na hone 370

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se siddhoM meM bhI nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| yaha yoga karma ke Asrava meM kAraNa hotA hai, karmasthiti aura anubhAga bandha kaSAya ke nimitta se hotA hai| yoga do prakAra kA hai - dravya yoga aura bhAva yog| pudgalavipAkI aGgopAMga nAmakarma aura zarIranAmakarma ke udaya se mana, vacana va kAya rUpa se pariNata aura manovargaNA ,vacanavargaNA va kAyavargaNA kA avalambana karane vAle saMsArI jIva ke lokamAtra (sarvatra) pradezoM meM rahane vAlI jo zakti karmoM ko grahaNa karane meM kAraNa hai vaha bhAvayoga hai bhAvayogarUpa zakti se sampanna AtmapradezoM meM jo halana calana rUpa parispanda hotA hai vaha dravyayoga hai| yogamArgaNA meM bhAvayoga kA grahaNa hai, dravyayoga kA nhiiN| yoga audayikabhAva hai use upacAra se kSAyopazamika bhI kahA jAtA hai| jIva ke gamana mAtra ko yoga nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai anyathA sabhI ghAti aura aghAti karmoM kA kSaya karane vAle ayogakevalI kA Urdhvagamana nahIM bana skegaa| yogamArgaNA audayika hai kyoMki vaha nAmakarma kI udIraNA va udaya se utpanna hotI hai| yoga ke 15 bhAga bhI kiye jAte haiM-4 manoyoga (satya, mRSA, satyamRSA, asatyamRSA ) 4 vcnyog| (manoyogavat) 7 kAyayoga (audArika, kAyayoga, audArikamizrakAyayoga, vaikriyika - kAyayoga, vaikriyikamizrakAyayoga ,AhAraka-kAyayoga, AhArakamizra-kAyayoga aura kaarmnn-kaayyog)| (5) veda mArgaNA vedoM meM jIvoM kI khoja karanA vedamArgaNA hai| veda nAma karma ke udaya se hone vAle bhAva (caitanyarUpa paryAyameM maithunarUpa cittavikSepa) ko veda kahate haiN| veda do prakAra kA hai - dravyaveda aura bhaavved| aGgopAMga nAmakarma ke udaya se zarIra meM jo yoni, liGga Adi kI racanA hotI hai vaha dravyaveda hai| vedanokaSAya nAmaka mohanIya karma ke udaya se jIva kA bhAvaveda hotA hai ramaNa kI abhilASArUpa AtmapariNAma bhAvaveda hai| vedanokaSAya nAmaka mohanIyakarmodaya tathA udIraNA se jIva meM puruSa yA strI yA donoM se ramaNa karane kA bhAva hotA hai jisase vaha vivekahIna hokara mohita ho jAtA hai| dravyaveda aura bhAvaveda prAyaH sadRza hI hote haiM parantu kahIM kahIM viSama bhI hote haiN| jaise - dravya se puruSa vedI hai parantu bhAva se strIvedI yA napuMsakavedI ho sakatA hai| vedamArgaNA meM bhAvaveda grahaNa karanA cAhiye kyoMki nauveM guNasthAna ke bAda jIva apagatavedI hotA hai (savedabhAga -chaThe bhAga ke bAda) jabaki dravyaveda caudahaveM guNasthAna taka rahatA hai| sabhI ekendriya, vikalendriya (2-4),nArakI, sammUrchana (paJcendriya saMjJI asaMjJI bhI) jIva napuMsaka vedI hI hote haiN| deva,bhogabhUmiyA, asaMkhyAta varSa AyuvAle (bharata tathA airAvata kSetra ke bhogabhUmi kAla meM utpanna) tathA sarva mleccha khaNDoM meM utpanna manuSya va tiryaca do veda vAle (strI puruSa veda ) hote haiM, napuMsakaveda vAle nahIM tathA inameM dravya bhAva vedagata vaiSamya nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| zeSa saMjJI aura asaMjJI manuSya va tiryaMca tInoM veda vAle hote hai| inameM vedaviSamatA bhI sambhava hai| parihAravizuddhi saMyamI, AhAraka va AhArakamizrakAyayogI, manaHparyayajJAnI, RddhidhArI munirAja, tadbhavamokSagAmI tathA 63 zalAkApuruSoM meM napuMsakaveda nahIM hotA hai| vigrahagati meM anAhAraka avasthA meM tInoM bhAvaveda hote haiM kyoMki bhAvaveda veda nokaSAya ke udaya meM hotA hai, anAhAraka avasthA meM vahAM bhautika zarIra na rahane para bhI kArmaNakAya yoga rahatA hai aura vedanokaSAya kA udaya rahatA hai| (6) kaSAyamArgaNA0 krodhAdikaSAyoM meM yA akaSAya meM jIvoM kI khoja karanA kaSAyamArgaNA hai / 'kaSantIti kaSAyAH' arthAt jo jIva ke samyagdarzana, dezacAritra, sakalacAritra aura yathAkhyAtacAritra guNa ko ghAte vaha kaSAya hai| kaSAya vastutaH mohanIya karma kA rUpa hai| mohanIyakarma AtmA ke zraddhA guNa aura cAritra guNa ko ghAtatA hai| kaSAyeM prathamataH cAra prakAra kI haiM - 1. anantAnubandhI (yaha samyagdarzana ko prakaTa nahIM hone detI), 2. apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa (yaha dezavirati/deza saMyama yA dezacAritra ko prakaTa nahIM hone detI ), 3. pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa (yaha sakalasaMyama yA mahAvratarUpa sakalacAritra ko prakaTa nahIM hone detI) aura 4. saMjvalana (yaha yathAkhyAtacAritra yA vizuddha pariNAmoM ko prakaTa nahIM hone detii)| ye cAroM krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ke bheda se cAra prakAra kI haiN| inameM nau nokaSAyoM (ISat kaSAya) - hAsya, rati, arati, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA, strIveda,puruSaveda aura napuMsakaveda ko jor3a dene se kaSAyoM ke 25 prakAra ho jAte haiN| gyAraha se caudahaveM guNasthAna taka ke jIva tathA siddha ye sabhI jIva kaSAyoM se rahita hote haiN| yahAM itanA vizeSa hai ki gyArahaveM upazAntakaSAya guNasthAnavartI jIva ko punaH kaSAyodaya ho jAtA hai, anya ko nhiiN| kaSAyoM kA vAsanAkAla (kaSAyoM kA udaya na rahate huye bhI saMskAra rUpa meM jitane samaya taka unakI sthiti banI rahe, vaha vAsanAkAla hotA hai) 371

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kramaza: nimna prakAra hai - 1. anantAnubandhI catuSka kA saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta bhavoM taka, 2. apratyAkhyAna catuSka kA chaha mAsa taka, 3. pratyAkhyAna catuSka kA eka pakSa yA 15 dina taka, 4. saMjvalana catuSka kA eka antarmuhUrta tk| anantAnubandhI kI zakti ko dvisvabhAvI( samyaktva ghAtaka tathA cAritra ghAtaka) mAnA gayA hai|" ina kaSAyoM kI prakRti (svabhAva) ko nimna udAharaNoM ke dvArA samajhAyA gayA hai - anantAnubandhI krodha mAna mAyA lobha ye kramaza: patthara kI rekhAvat , patthara stambhavat , bAMsavat , kiramica ke rNgvt| apratyAkhyAna catuSka kramazaH pRthivI rekhAvat, haDDIvat, bakarI ke zRMgavat , nIla kaajlvt| pratyAkhyAna catuSka kramaza-dhUlirekhAvat , dArustambhavat, gomUtravat, shriirmlvt| saMjvalana catuSka kramazaH jalarekhAvat, latAvat, mRgaromavat, haldI ke raMgavat / (7) jJAna mArgaNA sata rUpa artha (bhUtArtha) ko prakAsita karane vAlA jJAna kahalAtA hai| jo jAnatA hai (AtmA), jisake dvArA jAnA jAtA hai(sAdhana) aura jAnanA mAtra (kriyA) jJAna hai arthAt jisake dvArA jIva trikAla viSayaka samasta dravya aura unake guNa- paryAyoM ko jAne vaha jJAna hai| jJAna kA kArya hai tattvArtha meM ruci, zraddhA va nizcaya karAnA tathA cAritra dhAraNa kraanaa| isake abhAva meM mithyAdRSTi ke jJAna ko ajJAna kahA hai kyoMki vaha mokSamArga meM anupayogI hai| viparItajJAna(kujJAna) ko ajJAna kahA hai| yahAM ajJAna kA tAtparya sarvathA jJAna kA abhAva nahIM hai kyoki pratyeka AtmA sadA jJAnarUpa hai anyathA usakA abhAva ho jaayegaa| jJAna kaI rUpoM meM dekhA jAtA hai -jJAna, kujJAna, pratyakSajJAna, parokSajJAna, samyagjJAna, mithyAjJAna aadi| yahAM jJAna se tAtparya samyagjJAna se hai| jJAna kI vibhinna avasthAoM ke AdhAra para jIva kA anveSaNa karanA jJAna mArgaNA hai| jJAnamArgaNA ATha prakAra se sambhava hai - 1. matyajJAnI, 2. zrutAjJAnI, 3. vibhaGgajJAnI (kuavadhi jJAnI) 4. AbhinibodhikajJAnI (matijJAnI), 5. zrutajJAnI, 6. avadhijJAnI, 7. mana:paryayajJAnI, 8. kevljnyaanii| yahAM jJAnamArgaNA meM ajJAna /kujJAna kA bhI grahaNa karaNIya hai| jaise, putrocita kArya ko na karane vAle putra ko kuputra kahate haiM parantu isase usakA putratva samApta nahIM hotA, isI taraha mithyAjJAna ko ajJAna kahane se usakA jJAnatva samApta nahIM hotaa| viparItAbhiniveza ko mithyAtva kahate haiN| yaha viparItAbhiniveza anantAnubandhI kaSAya aura mithyAtva donoM ke udaya se hotA hai| sAsAdana nAmaka dUsare guNasthAna meM mithyAtva prakRti kA udaya na rahane para bhI anantAnubandhI kaSAya kA udaya rahatA hai, ata: usa guNasthAnavartI kA jJAna ajJAnarUpa hI hai| kevalajJAnAbaraNa ke kSaya tathA kSAyika labdhi ke hone para kevalajJAna hotA hai jo sva-svarUpopalabdhirUpa hai| isIliye kevalajJAna ko kSAyika nahIM kahA jAtA hai| ekendriyoM ke zrotrendriya kA abhAva hone para bhI zrutAjJAna hai kyoMki zrutAjJAna zrotrendriya mAtra se nahIM hotA apitu liMga se liMgI kA jJAna (anumAna) bhI zrutajJAna yA zrutAjJAna hai| pratyeka jIva meM mati aura zrutajJAna rahate haiN| (8) saMyama mArgaNA ahiMsAdi pA~coM vratoM ko dhAraNa karanA, IryAdi pA~coM samitiyoM kA pAlana karanA, krodhAdi kaSAyoM kA nigraha karanA, mana vacana kAya rUpa tInoM daNDoM kA tyAga karanA tathA pA~coM indriyoM ko jItanA saMyama hai| saMyama ke dvArA jIvoM kI khoja karanA saMyama mArgaNA hai| saMyama ko kaI taraha se vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| jaise 1. dezasaMyama aura sakalasaMyama - gRhasthocita cAritra (aNuvratAdi rUpa cAritra) kA pAlana karanA deza saMyama hai| dAna pUjA, upavAsa Adi isameM hote haiM tathA yaha zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimAoM (darzana se ailaka taka) taka pAyA jAtA hai| AryikAyeM bhI isImeM samAhita haiM parantu unheM upacAra se mahAvratI yA sakalasaMyamI bhI kahA jAtA hai| ye dezavratI gRhastha paJcama guNasthAnavartI hote haiN| jo vratI nahIM hote haiM ve 1-4 guNasthAna vAle hote haiN| mahAvratI muni kA saMyama sakala-saMyama yA sakalacAritra kahalAtA hai| ye 6 se 14 guNasthAna vAle hote haiM, apanI apanI saMyamarUpa avsthaanusaar| 2. upekSA saMyama aura apahRta saMyama - svAbhAvikarUpa se zarIra se virakta tathA tIna guptiyoM ke dhAraka muni upekSA saMyama vAle hote haiN| rAga-dveza rUpa cittavRtti kA na honA upekSA saMyama hai| apahata saMyama utkRSTa, madhyama aura jaghanya ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hai| jo muni prAsuka vasati aura AhAramAtra sAdhana vAle hokara svAdhIna haiM ve utkRSTa apahRta saMyamI haiN| aise sAdhu bAhya jantuoM ke pAsa Ane para unase apane ko bacAkara saMyama kA pAlana karate haiM, unheM vo haTAte nahIM haiN| jo sAdhu kSudra jantuoM kA mRdu upakaraNa se parihAra karate haiM ve madhyama haiM tathA jo anya upakaraNoM kI apekSA karate haiM ve jaghanya saMyamI haiN| apahRta kA tAtparya hai jantuoM ko apaharaNa yA httaanaa| 3. indriya-saMyama aura prANisaMyama - zabdAdi indriya-viSayoM meM rAga na karanA indriya-saMyama hai aura ekendriyAdi prANiyoM ko pIDA na pahuMcAnA prANisaMyama hai| 4. sAmAyika saMyama, chedopasthApanA saMyama, parihAravizuddhi 372

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saMyama, sUkSmasAMparAya saMyama, aura yathAkhyAta saMyama ke bheda se pA~ca prakAra kA saMyama hai| inameM prathama do saMyama (sAmAyika aura chedopasthApanA) 6 se 9 guNasthAnoM meM hote haiN| tIsarA parihAravizuddhi saMyama 6-7guNasthAnoM meM, cauthA sUkSmasAMparAya saMyama 10 veM guNasthAna meM tathA pA~cavAM yathAkhyAta saMyama 11-14 veM guNasthAnoM meM hotA hai| parihAravizuddhi saMyama 30 varSa kI Ayu ke pUrva nahIM hotA hai, yadyapi 8veM Adi guNasthAnoM meM parihAravizuddhi hotI hai parantu vahAM parihAra (gamanAgamana pravRtti ke abhAva meM zubhAzubha kriyAoM kA parihAra) nahIM hotA hai| ve prAyaH mauna rahate haiM tathA yathAkhyAta cAritra vAle jIvoM ke pariNAmoM se kucha hI nyUna pariNAmI hote haiN| inake upazama samyaktva nahIM hotA hai| saMyama mArgaNA meM saMyamAsaMyama aura asaMyama kI dRSTi se bhI vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| saMyamAsaMyama 5veM guNasthAnavartI zrAvaka gRhastha kA hotA hai ,asaMyamI ke prathama cAra guNasthAna hote haiN| (9) darzana mArgaNA AtmA kA svarUpa upayoga hai| upayoga do prakAra kA hai -darzanopayoga aura jnyaanopyog| ye donoM Atma-dravya kI svatantra paryAyeM haiM aura ye caitanya meM hI sambhava hai| jaise eka hI agni meM viSayabheda se dAhakatA aura pAcakatA donoM guNa haiM vaise hI abhedanaya se caitanya ke eka hone para bhI bhedanaya kI apekSA jaba vaha AtmA ko grahaNa karane meM pravRtta hotA hai taba usakA nAma darzana/ darzanopayoga hai aura jaba vaha para- padArtha (ghaTAdi viSaya) ko grahaNa karane meM pravRtta hotA hai taba usa caitanya kA nAma jJAna/ jJAnopayoga hai| isa taraha caitanya hI viSayabheda se do prakAra kA hotA hai| vastutaH Atmonmukha upayoga darzana hai aura viSayonmukha upayoga jJAna hai| sthUla vyAkhyAna kI dRSTi se AcAryoM ne bAhyaviSaya meM jo sAmAnya (nirAkAra yA vizeSarahita) kA grahaNa hai vaha darzana hai tathA bAhya viSaya kA jo vizeSa jAnanA hai vaha jJAna hai| siddhAntataH pratyakSAdi pramANa meM apane se bhinna bahirbhUta jo viSaya pratibhAsamAna hotA hai vaha 'AkAra' hai, aisA AkAra jisa upayoga meM nahIM pAyA jAtA hai vaha upayoga 'anAkAra' darzanopayoga hai| sakala padArthoM ke samudAya se alaga hokara buddhi ke viSayabhAva ko prApta huA karmakAraka ghaTAdi 'AkAra' kahalAtA hai| arthAt AtmaviSayaka upayoga darzana hai| bAhya aura antaraGga viSaya vAle jJAna aura darzana ekarUpa nahIM haiN| jJAna-paryAya bhI do zaktiyoM vAlI nahIM hai kyoMki paryAya meM svatantra avAntara paryAya kA abhAva mAnA gayA hai anyathA paryAya kI paryAya mAnane para use dravya mAnanA pddegaa| vastutaH padArtha apekSAbheda se sAmAnya - vizeSAtmaka hai| sAmAnya aura vizeSa pRthak pRthak nahIM haiM nyAya -vaizeSikoM kI taraha, kyoMki sAmAnya se anubiddha hI vizeSa kI upalabdhi hotI hai| darzana ke cAra bheda haiM-cakSudarzana, acakSudarzana, avadhidarzana aura kevaladarzana / jo cakSu indriya ke dvArA prakAzita hotA hai vaha cakSudarzana hai aura jo zeSa cAra indriyoM se pratibhASita hotA hai vaha acakSudarzana hai| paramANu se lekara antima skandha paryanta mUrta padArthoM ko pratyakSa dekhanA avadhidarzana hai| antaraGga AtmA kA udyota kevaladarzana hai| darzana meM darzanAvaraNa kA aura jJAna meM jJAnAvaraNa kA kSayopazama/ kSaya nimitta hai| chadmasrthoM ke jJAnotpatti meM darzana bhI nimitta hotA hai kyoki saMsArI chadmastha jIvoM kA darzanopayoga aura jJAnopayoga kramaza: hotA hai| parantu arhantoM, siddhoM va kevaliyoM ke donoM upayoga yugapat hote haiN| jayadhavalA meM kahA hai - mANapajjavaNANaMto NANassa ya daMsaNassa ya viseso| kevaliyaM va NANaM puNa NANaM tti daMsaNaM tti ya samANaM / / pu.1, pR.357-358 manaHparyayajJAna paryanta jJAna aura darzana meM bheda hai parantu kevalajJAna kI apekSA darzana aura jJAna samAna haiN| darzana kA viSaya AtmA hone se darzana AtmapramANa hai| AtmA jJAnapramANa hai| jJAna jJeyapramANa hai| jJeya lokAlokapramANa hone se jJAna sarvagata hai| jJAna ke barAbara AtmA hone se jJAna aura darzana samAna haiN| cakSu aura cakSudarzana 1-12 veM guNasthAna taka haiN| avadhidarzana 1 yA 3 se 12 veM guNasthAna taka hai| kevala darzana 12 veM sthAna ke bAda (13-14 va siddhoM meM) pAyA jAtA hai| (10) lezyA mArgaNA lezyA kA artha kaI taraha se kiyA jAtA hai| AtmA aura karma kA saMzleSa sambandha karAne meM lezyA nimitta hotI hai| mana, vacana aura kArya kI pravRtti rUpa yoga ke vinA karma kA AtmA ke sAtha sambandha sambhava nahIM hai| yahAM yogarUpa pravRtti ko karma kA paryAyavAcI jAnanA kaSAyodaya se anaraJjita yogapravRtti kA nAma hai leshyaa| yahAM jJAtavya hai ki kevala kaSAyodaya se lezyA kI utpatti nahIM mAnI gaI hai apitu zarIra nAmakarmodaya janya yoga ko bhI lezyA kahA hai 373

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anyathA sayoga kevaliyoM ke zukla lezyA sambhava nahIM hogI kaSAyAnaraJjita hone para lezyA bandha catuSka (prakRti, pradeza, sthiti aura anubhAga bandha) meM kAraNa banatI hai| kaSAyAbhAva vAle sayogakevaliyoM ko yoganimittaka kevala prakRti aura pradeza bandha hotA hai, sthiti aura anubhAgabandha nahIM, kaSAya kA abhAva hone se sthitibandha aura anubhAgabandha ke abhAva meM vastuta: bandha niSkriya yA akiJcitkara hai| lezyA meM yoga kI pradhAnatA hai aura kaSAya yogapravRtti meM vizeSaNa hai| 11veM guNasthAna se kevala sAtAvedanIya kA bandha hotA hai| lezyA ke nimna lakSaNa milate haiM -(1) 'kssaayaanrnyjityogprvRttiH'| yahAM bhUtaprajJApana naya kI apekSA kSINakaSAya vAloM ko upacAra se zukla lezyA kahI hai|(2) jo AtmA ko pApa - puNyarUpa kamoM se lipta kare vaha lezyA hai (3) mithyAtva, asaMyama, kaSAya aura yoga ko bhI lezyA kahA hai| lezyA do prakAra kI hai-dravya lezyA aura bhAva leshyaa| varNa nAmakarma ke udaya ke nimitta se dravyalezyA (nAmAnurUpa zarIra kA raMga) hotI hai| mohanIya karmAntargata kaSAya ke udaya, kSayopazama, upazama yA kSaya hone para Atmapradeza parispandarUpa yoga bhAvalezyA hai| donoM prakAra kI lezyAyeM 6-6 prakAra kI haiM unake nAmAdi nimna prakAra haiM - lmnh krama nAma kaSAyanubhAga | varNa / dRSTAnta phala h. kRSNalezyA / tIvratama bhramaravat / jar3amUla se vRkSa kATanA nirdayI, krodhI, raudra, cora | nIlalezyA / tIvratara nImavat / skandha kATanA buddhivihIna, mAnI, AlasI kApotalezyA tIvra kabUtaravat / zAkhAyeM kATanA ruSTa honA, svaprazaMsaka, paraniMdaka 4. pIta (teja) | manda kuGkamavat | upazAkhAyeM kATanA sarala,vivekI,dayAlu, dAnI, samadarzI | padmalezyA / mandatara padmapuSpavat / phala tor3anA bhadra, tyAgI, gurupUjaka, dhairyavAn b. | zuklalezyA | mandatama haMsavat / gire hue phala lenA / | pakSapAtarahita, nidAnarahita, vItarAgI / (11) bhavya mArgaNAra jo jIva AgAmI kAla meM siddhatva prApti kI yogyatA rakhate haiM ve bhavya haiM tathA jinameM aisI yogyatA nahIM hai ve abhavya haiN| bhavya do prakAra ke haiM - 1 bhavyasiddha - jo niyama se AgAmI kAla meM siddhatva (mukti) ko prApta kreNge| ye bhI do prakAra ke haiM - Asanna bhavya aura dUra bhvy| 2 jo AgAmI kAla meM siddhatva prApti kI yogyatA rahane para bhI kabhI bhI siddhatva ko prApta nahIM kareMge ve abhavyasama bhavya yA abhavyasiddha haiN| abhavyasama bhavya jIva abhavya nahIM haiM kyoMki unameM siddhatvaprApti kI yogyatA hone para bhI anantacatuSTayaprApti rUpa siddhatva prApti ke nimitta kA abhAva rahatA hai, jaise TharrA mUMga meM aMkurita hone kI yogyatA hone para bhI aMkurita nahIM hotI athavA jaise pativratA vidhavA strI santAna paidA karane kI yogyatA hone para bhI parapuruSa saMsargAbhAva hone se kabhI bhI santAna paidA nahIM kara paatii| ata: inheM pUrNataH abhavya nahIM kahA jA sktaa| abhavya jIva ve hai jo vandhyA strI kI taraha puruSa saMsarga milane para bhI santAna paidA nahIM kara pAtI hai| nizcaya naya kI dRSTi se to sabhI meM zakti hai| ayogakevalI ke antima samaya meM bhavyatva bhAva kA bhI abhAva ho jAtA hai| ata: siddha ho jAne para bhavyatva aura abhavyatva donoM se rahita hote haiN| bhavyatva aura abhavyatva kA vyavahAra saMsAriyoM ke hI hotA hai, siddhoM ke nahIM jisa prakAra samyagdRSTi jIva darzanamehanIya karma ke udaya se mithyAdRSTi ho jAtA hai aura usI karma ke upazama, kSaya, kSayopazama hone para punaH samyagdRSTi ho jAtA hai| usI prakAra bhavya kA abhavya meM aura abhavya kA bhavya meM parivartana nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki ye bhAva karma ke upazama, kSaya, kSayomazama janya nahIM haiN| ye pAriNAmika bhAva (svAbhAvika bhAva) haiM, jIva ke| jaise agni kI uSNatA usakA svAbhAvika bhAva hai| jIva kA pAriNAmika bhAva hone para bhI yaha kAryasiddhi ke bAda (siddhatva prApti ke bAda) nahIM rhte| (12) samyaktva mArgaNA sacce deva, zAstra aura guru para zraddhAna karanA samyaktva hai jinendra bhagavAn ke dvArA upadiSTa chaha dravya, paJcAstikAya,nava padArthoM kA unakI AjJA se yA adhigama se zraddhAna karanA samyaktva hai| jaba yaha paropadezapUrvaka hotA hai to ise adhigamaja samyagdarzana kahate haiM aura jaba vinA paropadeza ke svata: hotA hai to ise nisargaja samyagdarzana kahate haiN| samyaktva kI dRSTi se jIvoM ko pahacAnanA samyaktva mArgaNA hai| yaha 6 prakAra se sambhava hai - 374

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cAhanA 1. kSAyika samyaktva - sAta prakRtiyoM (cAritra mohanIya kI anantAnubandhI kaSAya catuSka tathA darzanamohanIya kI mithyAtva, samyagmithyAtva va samyaktva ina tIna prakRtiyoM) ke Atyantika kSaya se kSAyika samyaktva hotA hai| yaha sumeruparvatavat niSprakampa, nirmala tathA avinazvara hotA hai kyoMki yaha kabhI bhI mithyAtva ko prApta nahIM hotaa| yaha 6 se 10 guNasthAnoM meM bhI ho sakatA hai parantu 12 se 14 guNasthAnoM meM niyama se ekamAtra yaha kSAyika samyaktva hI hotA hai| 2. vedaka samyaktva yA kSAyopazamika samyaktva -dezaghAtI samyaktva darzanamohanIya ke udaya meM rahate huye jo cala, malina aura agADha zraddhAna hotA hai use vedaka yA kSAyopazamika samyaktva kahate haiN| isameM ekadezaghAtarUpa samyaktva kA vedana hotA hai| yaha 4-7 guNasthAnoM meM prAyaH pAyA jAtA hai| isase Age ke guNasthAnoM meM zreNI caDhate samaya malarahita samyaktva caahiye| 3. aupazamika samyaktva - cAritramohanIya kI anantAnubandhI kaSAya catuSka tathA darzanamohanIya kI tInoM prakRtiyoM ke upazama se aupazamika samyaktva (upazama samyaktva) hotA hai| yaha kIcar3a ke nIce baiTha jAne para nirmala huye jalavat hotA hai jo kAlAntara meM malina ho jAtA hai| yaha do prakAra kA hai -prathamopazama samyaktva aura dvitIyopazama smyktv| inameM prathamopazama 4-7 guNasthAnoM meM hotA hai aura dvitIyopazama 4-11 guNasthAnoM meM hotA hai| prathamopazama samyaktva anAdi mithyAdRSTi ko sarva prathama hotA hai| sAdi mithyAdRSTi ke bhI samyagmithyAtva tathA samayakprakRti kI udvelanA hone para prathamopazama samyaktva hotA hai| yaha pUrvokta sAta prakRtiyoM ke upazama se hotA hai| zreNI caDhate samaya kSayopazama samyaktva se jo upazama samyaktva hotA hai vaha dvitIyopazama samyaktva hai| prathamopazama samyaktva hone ke pUrva pA~cavIM karaNalabdhi (labdhiyAM pA~ca haiM - kSayopazama, vizuddhi, dezanA, prAyogya aura krnn| inameM prathama cAra labdhiyAM sAmAnya haiM jo bhavya abhavya sabhI prApta kara lakate haiM) Avazya honA caahiye| karaNa labdhi tIna prakAra kI hai jo uttarottara vizuddha pariNAmoM kA paripAka hai - adha:karaNa, apUrvakaraNa aura anivRttikrnn| yahAM karaNa kA artha pariNAma hai| labdhi kA artha hai karmamalarUpa paTala kI phaladAna zakti (anubhAga) kI vizuddhi, jisase karmamala chaTa jAtA hai| anivRttikaraNa ke antasamaya meM samyaktvamohanIya kI antima phAli ke dravya ke nIce ke niSakoM ke sAtha kSepaNa karane ke antarmuhUrta kAla taka jIva kRtakRtyavedaka samyagdRSTi hotA hai| arthAt antima sthitikANDaka ke samApta hone para kRtkRtyavedaka samyagdRSTi hotA hai| 4. sAsAdana samyaktva - upazama samyaklva se patita hotA huA jIva jaba taka mithyAtva ko prApta nahIM kara letA hai taba taka vaha sAsAdana samyaktvI kahalAtA hai| isakA kAla bahuta alpa hotA hai| jaise vRkSa rUpI samyaktva se patita hotA huA phala jaba taka jamIna (mithyAtva) para nahIM pahu~catA hai taba taka kA kAla isakA hotA hai| yaha dUsare guNasthAna meM hI hotA hai| isameM mithyAdarzana ke udaya kA abhAva rahane para bhI AtmA anantAnubandhI kaSAyoM ke udaya se malina ho jAtA hai, isIliye ise sAsAdana(sa+AsAdana) kahate haiN| 5. samyagmithyAtva yA mizra samyaktva - jo mandazakti ke kAraNa tattvoM para zraddhAna tathA azraddhAna se yukta hai vaha samyagmithyAtvI hai| yaha tIsare guNasthAna vAlA hotA hai| 6. mithyAtva - samyaktva ke sAtha mithyAtva meM sthita jIvoM kI bhI mArgaNA Avazyaka hai| mithyAtva prakRti ke udaya se tattvArtha meM aruci honA /azraddhAna honA mithyAtva hai| isake kaI prakAra ke bheda milate haiM - 1. nisargaja mithyAtva (anAdi agRhIta mithyAtva) aura paropadezika mithyAtva (gRhIta sAdi mithyaatv)| 2. ekAnta viparIta, saMzaya, vinaya aura ajJAna mithyAtva ke pA~ca bheda haiN| mithyAdRSTi jIva bhagavAn kI pUjA, jApa, svAdhyAya Adi karane para bhI dharmadhyAnI nahIM hai kyoMki samyagdRSTi huye vinA dharmadhyAna sambhava nahIM hai| mithyAdRSTi kI pUjA Adi dhArmika kriyAyeM prazasta ArtadhyAna haiM jo puNyavardhaka tathA pUrvopArjita pApanAzaka haiM parantu saMvara meM kAraNa nahIM haiN| mithyAdRSTi kA prathama guNasthAna hotA hai| (13) saMjJI mArgaNA noindriya( mana) AvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se janya jJAna kA nAma saMjJA hai usase jo yukta ho vaha saMjJI hai| asaMjJI ko mAtra indriyajanya bAhyapadArthoM kA jJAna hotA hai| saMjJI ko samanaska/ manasahita/sainI kahate haiM tathA asaMjJI ko amanaska / asaMjJI kahate haiN| jo jIva mana ke avalambana se zikSA, icchApUrvaka hAtha paira Adi calAne kI kriyA, upadeza grahaNa, AlApa (vArtAlApa, zlokapATha Adi) grahaNa karatA hai tathA kartavya -akartavya kA vicAra karatA hai vaha saMjJI hai, zeSa asaMjJI haiN| saMjJI jIva ko saMjJI nAmaka jAtinAmakarma kA udaya rahatA hai tathA noindriyAvaraNa karma kA kSayopazama rahatA 375

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hai| ekendriya se caturendriya taka ke sabhI jIva (tiryaca) asaMjJI hote haiM aura zeSa saMjJI hote haiM parantu unameM nirvRttiaparyAptaka paJcendriya jIva kI mana saMjJA pUrNa nahIM ho pAtI aura ve mRtyu ko prApta ho jAte haiN| terahaveM caudahaveM guNasthAna ke jIva tathA guNasthAnAtIta siddha saMjJI-asaMjJIpane se rahita hote haiN| mana do prakAra kA hotA hai-dravyamana aura bhaavmn| dravyamana pudgalavipAkI aGgopAGganAmakarma ke udaya se hotA hai| vIryAntarAya aura noindriyAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se jo Atmavizuddhi hotI hai vaha bhAvamana hai| saMjJI jIva jaba 11veM guNasthAna se girate haiM to unake kramazaH parigrahAdi saMjJAyeM (saMjJAoM ke anya prakAra - parigraha, maithuna, bhaya tathA AhAra haiM) utpanna ho jAtI haiN| yadi bhavakSaya ke kAraNa girate haiM to eka sAtha cAroM saMjJAyeM utpanna ho jAtI haiN| (14) AhAra mArgaNA AhAravargaNAoM se tIna prakAra ke zarIra banate haiM-audArika, vaikriyika aura aahaark| ina tIna zarIroM aura inase saMbandhita 6 paryAptiyoM (AhAra, zarIra, indriya, zvAsocchavAsa ,bhASA aura mana) ke yogya pudgaloM ko grahaNa karanA AhAra hai arthAt zarIra nAmakarma ke udaya se audArika Adi tIna zarIroM meM se yathAsambhava kisI zarIra ke yogya pudgala vargaNAoM kA tathA vacana (bhASA) va dravyamana ke yogya vargaNAoM kA jo grahaNa hotA hai use AhAra kahate haiN| AhAraka aura anAhAraka sthAnoM meM jIvoM kA anveSaNa karanA AhAramArgaNA hai| yahAM nokarmAhAra kI apekSA se AhArakapanA samajhanA, kavalAhAra Adi nhiiN| ata; jo nokarmAhAra ko grahaNa karatA hai vaha AhAraka hai aura jo nokarmAhAra grahaNa nahIM karatA hai vaha anAhAraka hai| AhAra ke 6 prakAra haiM - 1. kavalAhAra -jo kavala yA grAsa rUpa se mukha dvArA khAyA jAtA hai vaha kavalAhAra hai| yaha manuSyoM aura dvIndriyAdi tiryacoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| kevalI kavalAhAra nahIM karate haiM aisI digambara mAnyatA hai| 2. lepAhAra -jo tela Adi ke leparUpa meM grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai vaha lepAhAra hai| yaha mukhyata vanaspati Adi meM hotA hai| 3. USmAhAra yA ojAhAra -garmI dene rUpa aahaar| yaha pakSI Adi apane aNDe Adi ko mukhyataH bhojanarUpa meM dete haiN| 4. mAnasikAhAra -jo mana meM kalpanAmAtra se kaMTha meM amRtarUpa meM hotA hai| yaha devoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| 5. karmAhAra -jahAM karmaphala bhogane kI mukhyata: hotI hai, yaha nArakiyoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| 6. nokarmAhAra -mAtra nokarmavargaNAoM kA grahaNa, yaha sayogakevalI bhagavAn kA hotA hai| vigrahagati meM sthita jIva adhikatama tIna samaya taka, pratara aura lokapUraNa samuddhAta avasthA ko prApta sayogakevalI (kevalI samuddhAta meM AtmA ke pradeza kramaza phailate haiM aura vApisa Ate haiN| kramaza: daNDa, kapATa, pratara, lokapUraNa, pratara, kapATa, daNDa , mUlazarIra prvesh| inameM se pratara, lokapUraNa aura puna pratara ina tIna samayoM taka), ayogakevalI (pA~ca hrasvAkSara uccAraNakAla yA antarmuhUrtakAla taka) tathA siddha bhagavAn anAhAraka haiM, zeSa sabhI AhAraka haiN| kevalI samuddhAta ke samaya tIna samayoM meM jIva kArmaNa kAyayoga meM anAhAraka haiM tathA daNDa, kapATa avasthA meM AhAraka ho jAte haiN| caudahaveM guNasthAna meM puna: anAhAraka ho jAte haiN| vigrahagati meM ve hI jIva anAhAraka hote haiM jo 1; 2; 4 guNasthAnavartI hote haiN| vigraha gati meM Rjugati yA iSugati yA moDArahitagati vAle eka samaya meM hI navIna zarIra dhAraNa kara lete haiM jisase ve anAhAraka nahIM hote eka moDAvAlI gati yA pANimuktAgati meM eka samaya taka anAhAraka rahate haiN| do moDevAlIgati yA lAMgalikA yA halavatgati meM do samaya taka tathA tIna moDe vAlI gati yA gomUtrikAgati meM tIna samaya taka anAhAraka hote haiN| isa taraha ina caudaha mArgaNAoM ke dvArA jIvoM kI vibhinna avasthAoM kA jJAna kiyA jAtA hai| isase hama apane mokSamArga kA rAstA cuna sakate haiN| isameM samasta jaina siddhAnta kA nicoDa samAhita hai| inakA yahAM para saMkSipta vivecana hI kiyA gayA hai, vizeSa ke liye gommaTasAra,dhavalA Adi granthoM kA avalokana karanA hogaa| pAdaTippaNa 1. gai-iMdiyesu kAye joge vede kasAya-NANe y| saMjama-dasaNa-lessA bhaviyA- sammatta- saNNi- AhAre / / go0jI0142 2. gojI0146 3. gojI0164-165 4. gojI0181 376

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5. go0 jI0200 6. go0 jI0 202 7. gojI0 216 8. dhavalA pu, 7 pR, 6 manovAkkAyAvaSTaMbhabalena jIvapradezaparispaMdo yoga iti / 9. go0 jI0 271-272; dhavalA, pu01 pR0 141 AtmapravRttemaithunasammohotpAdo vedaH / / 10. go0 jI0 282-2833; ta0 sU0,a08 sUtra 9 11. dhavalA 6/42 12. bhUtArthaprakAzakaM jnyaanm| dhavalA, pu0,1 pR0142 13. go0 jI0 299 14. dhavalA 1/355 15. rAjavArtika 9/1 16. dhavalA 1; sUtra 116 TIkA 17. go0 jI0 gAthA, 465 18. ta0 sU09/18 19. jayadhavalA, pu. 1, pR, 331 20. jayadhavalA, pu. 1, pR, 338 jaM sAmaNNaM gahaNaM bhAvANaM Neva kaTumAyAraM / avisesadUNa aDhe daMsaNamidi bhaNNade samaye / / go,jI, gA 482, bhAvANaM sAmaNNavisesayANaM sarUvamettaM jN| vaNNaNahINaggahaNaM jIveNa ya daMsaNaM hodi|| go,jI, gA, 483 21. dhavalA, pu. 1, pR, 149-150 22. vhii| 23. liMpai appIkIrai edIe NiyaapuNNapuNNaM c| jIvotti hodi lessA lessaagunnjaannykkhaadaa| go0 jI0 gA0 489 jogapauttI lessA kasAyaudayANuraMjiyA hoi| tatto daNNaM kajjaM bandhacaukkaM samuddiTuM / / go0 jI0 gA0 490 24. dhavalA, pu. 8 pR,356 ;tathA pu;16pR, 485%; 488 25. go0 jI0, gA0 493-495; 507-517 26. go0 jI0, gA0 536 27. go0 jI0, gA0 557-558 28. go0 jI0, gA0 559 29. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra 30. go0 jI0, gA0 561 31. dhavalA, pu. 6; 248;263 32. vahI 33. go0 jI0, gA0 660-662 34. go0 jI0, gA0 664-666 35. pravacanasAra 36. go0 jI0, gA0 666 tathA 'pratarolokapUraNe ca kArmaNaH / tatra anAhAraka iti' svA. kA. a. gAthA 487 377

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AcArya vidyAsAgara : eka anuzIlana AcArya zrI 108 vidyAsAgara kA vyaktitva aura kRtittva samudra sA virATa aura gambhIra hai| unheM kinhIM prazaMsAparaka vizeSaNoM se maMDita karane kA artha hai sUrya ko dIpaka dikhaanaa| ve tapazcaryA aura vItarAgatA meM jitane Age haiM utane hI kavitA ke mAdhyama se jainadarzana ke gUr3ha rahasyoM ko udghATita karane meM sakSama haiN| adhyAtma kI UrjA jitanI sabala hai utanI hI kavitva pratibhA bhI anupameya hai| unakA niSparigRhI jIvana aura nirdoSa vipula kRtittva isakA nidarzana hai| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, aura samyakcAritra kI tripuTI rUpa ratnatraya kI AbhA Apake darzana mAtra se AbAlavRddha ko romAJcita karatI hai| mAtRbhASA kannaDa hone para tathA kakSA nau taka skUlI zikSA hone para bhI ApakI hindI, saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, marAThI, aMgrejI Adi bhASAoM para apratima pakar3a hai| ApakI kRtiyoM para zodhArthI pI-eca.DI. DigrI prApta karate haiN| vinayazIlatA, gurubhakti, jJAnapipAsA, jitendriyatA, saralatA, zucitA, satyaniSThA, jina-zAsana-AsthA Adi aneka guNa ahamahamikayA ApameM virAjamAna haiN| bhaviSyadarzI Apake guru mahAkavi zrI 108 jJAnasAgara ne ApameM ina saba guNoM ko jAnakara hI bAla brahmacArI avasthA meM (22 varSa kI avasthA meM) munidIkSA dI tathA sva sallekhanA kAla meM (cAra varSa bAda I. 22.11. 1972 ko) apanA AcAryapada dekara mahAprayANa kiyaa| vidyAdhara se vidyAsAgara banakara Apane aneka munidIkSAyeM dekara vizAla vaTavRkSa khar3A kiyA hai jisakI chatrachAyA meM baiThakara hama sabhI apanA kalyANa kara rahe haiN| unakA eka hI lakSya hai cetana nija ko jAnakara zivAGganA ko varaNa krnaa| isaliye Apane apane bhajanoM ke zIrSaka diye - (1) mokSa-lalanA ko jiyA kaba varegA, (2) cetana nija ko jAna jarA, (3) bananA cAhatA hai agara zivAGganA pati, (4) aba maiM mana-mandira meM rahU~gA, (5) parabhava tyAga tU bana zIghra digambara aadi| kAlalabdhi aura puruSArtha ke viSaya meM - samaNasuttaM kA padyAnuvAda karane ke prasaGga meM jo apanI manobhAvanA vyakta kI hai vaha bhAgya aura puruSArtha kA samyak samanvaya karatI hai - 'kAla-labdhi ke binA koI kArya nahIM ho sakatA aura puruSArtha se mukhamor3akara kAlalabdhi kI pratIkSA karane se bhI kAlalabdhi nahIM A sakatI hai' inapaktiyoM ke dvArA AcAryazrI ne spaSTa kiyA hai ki bhAgya ke bharose baiThe nahIM rahanA cAhie apanA puruSArtha nirantara jArI rakhanA cAhie kyoMki binA puruSArtha ke kAlalabdhi nahIM aatii| kAvyaracanA kA uddezya - jainagItA likhane ke prasaGga meM Apane apane likhane kA prayojana batalAte hue kahA hai mana meM bahuta kAla se vicAra karavaTeM le rahA thA ki eka aisA kAvyagrantha kA nirmANa kiyA jAe ki AbAlavRddha usa grantha ko saGgIta ke mAdhyama se alpakAla meM hI par3hakara jainadarzana kI upayogitA evaM dhruvabindu ke sambandha meM paricaya prApta kara sakeM aura jIvana ko samunnata banA skeN| isakA sIdhA artha hai ki kAvyaracanA (jainagItA) kA uddezya apanI kAvyapratibhA kA pradarzana nahIM thA apitu jainadarzana ke kendrabindu kA AbAlavRddha ko saGgIta ke mAdhya se paricaya aura usakI upayogitA batalAnA rahA hai| ahiMsA sUtra ke 151veM sUtra meM kitane sarala zabdoM meM ahiMsA kI AvazyakatA ko batalAyA jo anya jIva vadha hai, vadha o nijI hai, bhAI yaha paradayA, svadayA rahI hai| sAdhU svakIya hita ko jaba cAhate haiM, ve sarva jIva vadha nizcita tyAgate haiN| kitanA sundara kathana isa ahiMsA sUtra meM hai ki paradayA vAstava meM svadayA hai, dUsare kA vadha Atmavadha hai| ata: apanA hita cAhane vAle kabhI bhI hiMsA meM pravRtta nahIM hote| jainagItA kA artha 'jaina gItA' zabda kA artha jinendra bhagavAn kI vANI kA sAra' batalAyA hai| 'jaina' zabda jAti vAcaka nahIM hai 378

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apitu sahaja ajara amara amUrta AtmA kI ora saGketa karate hue viSayakaSAyoM se Upara uThakara parama zAnti ke patha kA pradarzana karatA hai| jo apanI indriyoM ko aura AtmA ko pUrNarUpa se jItatA hai, unheM kumArga meM jAne se rokatA hai, vaha 'jina' hai aura 'jina' hI jaina (jitendriya) hai- 'jayati svakIyAni indriyANi AtmAnaM sa jinaH, jina eva jaina iti' gI: - vaannii| gI: kA bhAva yA sAra artha meM 'tA' pratyaya karane para 'gItA' zabda niSpanna hotA hai| yahI 'jaina gItA' kA artha hai arthAt jinendra vANI kA saar| jainAgamoM kA prayojana - jainAgamoM kI racanA kevala paugalika zabda pariNati nahIM hai| ata: Avazyaka hai ki zabdoM meM hI na ulajhakara zabdAvabodha ke bAda usakA arthAvabodha kareM aura arthAvabodha karake hI zAnta na ho jAyeM apitu usa paramasattA kA svAnubhava kreN| usa paramasattA kA manana-manthana karake jo navanIta nikale usakA AsvAdana kreN| yahI jainAgamoM kA yA dvAdazAGga vANI kA prayojana hai, anya kucha nhiiN| isI meM jIvamAtra kA kalyANa hai| zubhopayoga bhI sama-sAmayika kyoM hai ? zuddhAtmA kA svarUpa lakhanA tajakara likhanA sAdhu kA kArya nahIM hai| phira AcAryazrI ne likhane meM kyoM pravRtti kI ? isake uttara meM unhoMne kahA cirAnubhUta saMkalpa-vikalpa ke saMskAra ne caJcala mana ko likhane ke vikalpa kI ora AkRSTa kiyA, phalasvarUpa Abhyantara pariNati (zuddhopayoga) chUTI aura bahiHpariNati (zubhopayoga) pravAhita huii| Age ise spaSTa karate hue likhA hai -'chadmastha kA manobala itanA nirbala hai ki vaha antarmuhUrta ke uparAnta apane caJcala svabhAva kA paricaya die binA nahIM rhtaa| isI se isa mana meM prastuta kRti likhane kA vikalpa kiyaa| yaha bhI samayocita hI huaa| Agamollekha hai ki viSayakaSAya rUpa azubhopayoga se bacane ke lie sahaja svabhAva zuddhopayoga kI upalabdhi ke lie tat sAdhanabhUta zubhopayoga kA Alambana lenA muniyoM, satpatha sAdhakoM evaM santoM ke lie bhI sAmayika tathA upAdeya hai|' isa taraha mana kI caJcalatA (mana eka antamuhUrta se adhika eka viSaya para sthira nahIM raha sakatA) ko niyantrita karane ke lie tathA azubhapayoga se bacane ke lie zubhopayoga bhI upAdeya hai| isa kathana ke dvArA unhoMne grantha lekhana meM pravRtti kA kAraNa spaSTa karate hue tathA nizcaya ekAntavAdiyoM kA khaNDana karate hue bahuta bar3I mahattvapUrNa bAta kahI hai| zuddhopayoga meM nirantara laganA eka antarmuhUrta se bhI adhika sambhava nahIM hai| ata: use viSayakaSAyoM meM jAne se rokakara zubhopayoga meM lagAnA samayocita hai| isa taraha nizcaya vyavahAranaya kA samyak samAdhAna diyA hai| AcArya kundakunda ke samayasAra kA padyAnuvAda karate hue bhI yahI kahA hai - bhUtArtha zuddhanaya hai, nija ko dikhAtA bhUtArtha hai, na vyavahAra hameM bhulaataa| bhUtArtha kI zaraNa lekara, jIva hotA samyaktva maNDita, vahI mana maila dhotaa|| zuddhAtma meM nirata ho, jaba santa tyAgI, jIve vizuddhanaya Azraya le viraagii| zuddhAtma se cyuta sarAgacAritra vAle bhUle na lakSya, vyavahAra abhI sNbhaale|| 14 / / isase spaSTa hai ki zuddhopayoga rUpa zuddha nizcaya naya bhUtArtha (satyArtha) hane se upAdeya hai parantu jaba taka yaha saMbhava na ho taba taka vyavahAranayAzrita zubhopayoga ko sa~bhAlanA caahie| zuddhopayogI to pUrNa vItarAgI hI ho sakatA hai| kAvyaracanA kA prayojana aura usakA kalApakSa -bhAvapakSa - AcArya mammaTa ne kAvyaprakAza meM kAvyaracanA ke 6 prayojana batalAye haiM - kAvyaM yazase'rthakRte vyavahAravide shivetrksstye| sadyaH paranirvRtaye kaantaasmmittyopdeshyuje|| kA. pra. 1.2 artha - (1) yaza:prApti, (2) arthopalabdhi, (3) loka vyavahAra kA jJAna, (4) zivetara kSati (aniSTanAzaka), (5) zIghra parinirvANa (mokSa yA paramAnanda) aura (6) strI ke samAna sarasa kartavyAkartavya kA upadeza ye 6 prayojana kAvya likhane ke saMskRta sAhitya meM prasiddha haiN| inameM se prathama do prayojana AcAryazrI vidyAsAgara ko abhISTa nahIM haiM kyoMki ve inase pare 379

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haiM (vItarAgI haiN)| zeSa cAra prayojanoM meM bhI cauthA aura pA~cavA prayojana adhika abhISTa hai| ataH ApakI racanAoM meM bhaktirasa yA zAntarasa kI pramukhatA hai| ApakI racanAoM meM kalApakSa aura bhAvapakSa donoM samAhita haiN| pade-pade anuprAsa Adi zabdAlaMkAra, upamA Adi arthAlaMkAra tathA zabdavaicitrya dRSTigocara hotA hai| isa sandarbha meM bhAvanAzataka ke nimna do padya prastuta haiM - asamayavarSAstamita dhAnyaM vaasudhaatlmmnstmitm| phalati na kamapi stamite hyakAlikInutirakAsta! mitm||84|| azane sadaMzanena rasa inena jayo vai sdNshnen| prApyate'daMzanena tathA kmgenaa'dNshnen|| 85 / / artha - he nirdoSa (he akAsta)! he amana (manarahita) ! jisa prakAra asamaya kI varSA se bhIge pRthvItala ko prApta huA dhAnya phalatA nahIM hai usI prakAra akAla (asamaya) meM kI huI stuti nizcaya hI kiJcit bhI sthAyI sukha ko nahIM detI he nirdoSa (he adaMza)! hai pUjya svAmin ! jisa prakAra dantasahita vyakti bhojana se rasa-svAda prApta karatA hai tathA jisa prakAra kavacasahita (sadaMzanena) rAjA ke dvArA nizcaya hI vijaya prApta kI jAtI hai usI prakAra akhaNDa stavan (adaMzanena) se parama sukha prApta (itam) kiyA jAtA hai| ina donoM padyoM meM zabdAlaGkAra, upamA, kalApakSa, padalAlitya, arthagAmbhIrya aura bhAvapakSa sabhI kucha hai| saMskRtasAhitya meM kAlidAsa kI upamA, daNDI kA padalAlitya, bhAravi kA arthagAmbhIrya tathA naiSadhakAra meM ina tInoM guNoM kI prasiddhi hai - upamA kAlidAsasya bhaarverrthgaurvm| daNDinaH padalAlityaM mAghe santi trayo gunnaaH|| zAntarasa, bhaktirasa yA AdhyAtmikarasa pradhAna kAvyoM meM ina sabhI guNoM kA ekatra samAveza anyatra durlabha hai| kAvyanirmANa ke hetu - kAvya nirmANa ke lie tIna hetuoM kA honA Avazyaka hai - zaktirnipuNatA lokshaastrkaavyaadyvekssnnaat| kAvyajJazikSayAbhyAsa iti hetustdudbhve|| kA.pra. 1.3 (1) zakti (nava-navonmeSazAlinI pratibhA), (2) nipuNatA (vyutpatti arthAt loka-vyavahAra, zAstra, itihAsa, vyAkaraNa Adi kA vyApaka jJAna) tathA (3) abhyAsa (pauna:punyena prvRtti)| ina tInoM kAraNoM kI samaSTi se hI kAvyaracanA hotI hai| inameM bhI zaktirUpa pratibhA sabameM pramukha hai kyoMki isake vinA racita kAvya upahAsa ko prApta hotA hai| AcAryazrI kI pratibhA advitIya hai| ata: jisa miTTI ko ve chU dete haiM vaha suvarNakalazavat pUjya ho jAtI hai| ApakI kAvyaracanA meM prathama do hetu hI dekhe jAte haiN| pratibhA aisI hai ki zabda aura artha anAyAsa prakaTa hokara nAcane lagate haiN| gurubhakti kA Adarza - nijAnubhava zataka (samagra 3.2 pR. 307) meM guru jJAnasAgara ke prati kRtajJatA jJApana karate hue likhA hai the jJAnasAgara guru mama prANa pyAre, the pUjya sAdhugaNa se budha mukhya nyaare| zAstrAnusAra calate, mujhako calAte, baMdU unheM vinaya se, zira ko jhukaate| Apane apane amRtAkSara (pR.3/119), mAnasa saGketa (pR.3/219), amitAkSara (pR.3/1) manobhAvanA (pR.2/1-3) Adi meM apane vayovRddha-tapovRddha-jJAnavRddha AcAryaguruvara zrI jJAnasAgara jI mahArAja ko prasAda-paripAka batalAte hue| tathA apane guru ko gurucaraNAravinda caJcarIka prakaTa karate hue OM zuddhAtmane namaH, OM niraJjanAya namaH, OM jinAya namaH ke sAtha OM nijAya namaH likhA hai| Apa kahIM bhI cUkate nahIM hai apane guru ko mahattva dene meN| Apane jo bhI vipula sAhitya likhA hai usakA zreya svayaM ko na dekara guru ko hI dete haiN| karmodaya hone mAtra se bandha nahIM hotA - nijAnubhavazataka meM karmodaya kA ronA rone vAloM ko saceta karate hue kahate haiM tU ne kiyA vigata meM kucha puNya-pApa, jo rahA udaya meM svayameva aap| hogA na baMdha taba lauM, jaba lauM na rAga, ciMtA nahIM udaya se, bana viitraag| vahI,86 380

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kitane sundara sarala zabdoM meM karmodaya se na ghabarAne kA tathA usa samaya vItarAgI banakara punaH karmabandha se mukti kA mArga batalAyA hai| saMskRta zabdoM kI aThakheliyoM meM bharA gUr3ha rahasya - zramaNazatakam kA nimna padya draSTavya hai - nijasya gatamadA navaH samAvahantastaM samaM daanvH| ka eti kAmadA navastAnAha nutayamadAnavaH / / 86 samagra, pR. 89 isI kA hindI bhAvAnuvAda - gambhIra-dhIra yati jo mada nA dhareMge aura bhAvapUrNa stuti bhI nija kI kreNge| ve zIghra mukti lalanA vara ke raheMge, aisA jineza kahate sukha ko geheNge|| artha - jo yati mada ko chor3akara nijAtmA kI stuti (dhyAna) kareMge, ve zIghra hI muktiramA kA varaNa karake sukha ko prApta kreNge| yahA~ saMkSepa meM jainazAstroM kA sAra (gUDharahasya) prakaTa kiyA gayA hai| zabdoM se saGgIta tathA padalAlitya Tapaka rahA hindI gadyakAvya meM anekAnta kI vyAkhyA - anekAnta kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahate haiM ki samatA hI anekAnta kA hArda hai - jo chaha darzanoM ko lekara alaga-alaga bhAga rahe haiM una sabhI ko ekatra karake samajhane vAlA yaha jainadarzana hai| muni banane ke uparAnta samatA AnI cAhie tabhI anekAnta kA hArda vizva ke sAmane rakha skoge| yadi samatA nahIM rakhoge to jainadarzana ko bhI nahIM samajha skoge| (samagra 4 pR. 177-178) yahI anekAnta kA prekTikala rUpa hai| isI bAta ko samatArUpI aruNimA ko lakSya karake anyatra kahA hai hindI kavitAoM meM - samatA aruNimA bar3hI, unnata zikhara para cddh'ii| nijadRSTi nija meM gar3I, dhanyatama hai yaha ghdd'ii|| jhara jhara jharatA jharanA, kahatA cala cala clnaa| usa sattA se milanA puni puni par3e na clnaa|| isameM padalAlitya aura arthagAmbhIrya bahuta hI sugama zabdoM meM nirUpita hai| jharanA jaise bahate-bahate jaba samudra kI athAha parama sattA meM vilIna ho jAtA hai to phira usakA banA banda ho jAtA hai vaise hI saMsArI jIva saMsAra meM bhaTakate hue paramAtma kI sattA meM jaba samA jAtA hai to usakA punarAgamana nahIM hotA hai| isI parama sattA kI prApti hetu hitamitapriya zabdoM ke mAdhyama se tathA sva-para kalyANa ke uddezya ko dRSTi meM rakhakara sAdhanA pathArUDha sAdhaka-santoM ko parama sattA kA manana manthana kara navanIta ke rUpa meM vipula sAhitya kA nirmANa kiyA hai jo adhyAtma rasa se paripUrita hai| pUjA ke yogya kauna hai ? ApakI dRSTi meM saMsArI jIvoM meM parigrahI ailaka, kSullaka, AryikA Adi tathA asaMyamI kSetrapAla, padmAvatI Adi deviyA~ parigraha ke sadbhAva ke kAraNa na to parikramA ke na pAdaprakSAlana ke aura na aSTadravyapUjana ke yogya haiN| kevala niSparigrahI muni hI pUjA ke yogya haiN| paMca parameSThI sadA pUjya haiN| ApakI zabda-sAdhanA, tapassAdhanA, jJAnasAdhanA adbhuta hai| Apa zabdoM ke nAnA artha nikAlane meM kuzala zilpI haiM tathA hRdaya ke anubhUta bhAvoM ko prakaTa karane meM jAdUgara haiN| Apake vipula kAvyasAhitya ko 'mahAkavi AcArya vidyAsAgara granthAvalI' ke nAma se tathA 'samagra' ke nAma se cAra khaNDoM meM prakAzita kiyA gayA hai| samagra' ke prathama khaNDa meM saMskRta ke pA~ca zataka (padyAnuvAda sahita), dvitIya khaNDa meM prAcIna AcAryoM dvArA racita prAkRta, saMskRta aura apabhraMza ke AdhyAtmika 18 granthoM kA padyAnuvAda, tRtIya khaNDa meM hindI kAvya, kavitAyeM, zataka evaM bhaktigItoM aura caturtha khaNDa meM gadyAtmaka pravacanoM kA saMgraha hai| ApakI hindI padya racanAe~ chandobaddha tathA Adhunika unmuktachanda vAlI haiM parantu saMskRtakAvya chandobaddha hI hai| __ vastutaH Apa isa yuga ke masIhA haiM, AcArya kundakunda ke pratibimba haiM, jaina zramaNa saMskRti ke saMrakSaka haiM, tIrtha unnAyaka haiM, ratnatraya ke sajaga praharI haiM adhyAtmarasa paripUrita kAvyakalA ke catura zilpI haiM jinake rimoTa kanTrola se zabda nRtya karate hue saMcAlita hote haiN| zabdoM meM oja, prasAda, lAlitya, saGgIta Adi guNa haiN| ApakA eka bhI vAkya yA padya nirarthaka nahIM hai| sabhI nIti vAkyavat manana ke yogya haiN| ApakI 'mUkamATI' to adbhuta hai, jainadharma kA sAra usameM samAhita hai| sAtha hI vartamAna samAja, saMskRti, rAjanIti Adi para acche vyaGgya haiN| satata paThanIya evaM mananIya hai| 381

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ATha yogadRSTiyA~ (AcArya haribhadrakRta yogadRSTisamuccaya ke Aloka meM) AcArya haribhadrasUri (I0 san 757-827) jaina zvetAmbara paramparA ke eka mahanIya vidvAn haiM jinhoMne jaina paramparA meM pracalita 'yoga' zabda kA artha mana, vacana aura kAya kI pravRttiyoM ke atirikta AdhyAtmika artha meM bhI kiyA hai| saMvara, dhyAna, tapa Adi zabda jo jaina AgamoM meM milate haiM ve isI AdhyAtmika yoga ke bodhaka haiN| Aja donoM artha (1. mana, vacana aura kAya kI pravRtti tathA 2. mana, vacana aura kArya kI pravRtti ko rokakara kisI eka viSaya para kendrita karanA athavA antarmukhI hokara AtmalIna honA) jaina paramparA meM pracalita haiN| AcArya haribhadrasUri ne yahA~ dvitIya artha ko dRSTi meM rakhakara 'yoga' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai aura yoga-viSayaka cha: granthoM kI racanA kI hai- 1. yogazataka, 2. yogaviMzikA, 3. brahmasiddhAntasAra, 4. yogadRSTisamuccaya, 5. yogabindu aura 6. SoDazaka / inameM se prathama do prAkRta bhASA meM haiM aura zeSa cAra saMskRta meN| anya AcAryoM kI racanAoM meM bhI adhyAtma-dhyAna yoga viSayaka sAmagrI kA avalokana kiyA jA sakatA hai| adhyAtma yoga ke lie Avazyaka hai mana ko saMyamita karanA kyoMki indriyoM kI caMcalatA meM kAraNa hai 'mn'| mana kI caMcalatA hI AtmadhyAna meM bAdhaka hai tathA ekAgratA meM bhaTakAva kI jananI hai| mana kI asthiratA ke kAraNa hI rAga-dveSa Adi kaSAyabhAva paidA hote haiM jo karmabandha meM kAraNa banate haiN| yoga-sAdhanA meM mana para niyaMtraNa Avazyaka hai| ata: yogadarzana meM pataMjali ne cittavRttinirodha ko yoga kahA hai| AcArya haribhadra ne yogadRSTisamuccaya meM pAtaMjala aSTAMgayoga ko mAdhyama banAkara ATha prakAra kI yogadRSTiyoM (Atma-vikAsa kI bhUmikAe~) kA varNana karate hue unakI guNasthAnoM meM yojanA kI hai| Atmazakti kA vikAsa yA svarUpopalabdhi hI jaina sAdhanA-paddhati kA lakSya hai| Atmazakti kI avikasita aura vikasita avasthAoM kI kramika yojanA inhIM caudaha guNasthAnoM meM kI gaI hai| saMsAra-paribhramaNa kA mukhya kAraNa hai 'karmabandha' aura karmabandha kA mukhya kAraNa hai 'rAga-dveSa rUpa kssaayeN"| karmabandha ke kAraNa hI zarIra-indriyoM Adi kI prApti hotI hai aura pazcAt rAga-dveSavaza viSaya-bhogoM kA grahaNa aura punaH krmbndh| karma ATha prakAra ke haiM- 1. jJAnAvaraNa, 2. darzanAvaraNa, 3. vedanIya, 4. mohanIya, 5. Ayu, 6. nAma, 7. gotra aura 8. antraay| inameM cAra (1, 2, 4 aura 8) ghAtiyA (Atma-svarUpa pratibandhaka) aura zeSa cAra (3, 5, 6, 7) aghAtiyA (sAkSAt pratibandhaka nahIM) haiN| ina AThoM karmoM meM sabase pradhAna hai 'mohanIya karma' jo Atma-vikAsa kA prabala pratibandhaka hai| jaise-jaise mohanIya kI zakti ghaTatI jAtI hai jIva Atma-vikAsa karate hue Upara kI sIDhiyoM para car3hatA jAtA hai| isake pUrNata: naSTa hone para sarvajJa, kevalI, arhanta, yogI aura jIvanmukta ho jAtA hai| Ayu pUrNa hone para azarIrI hokara siddha-mukta (paramAtmA) ho jAtA hai| AcArya haribhadra ne guNasthAnoM tathA aSTAMgayoga ko dhyAna meM rakhakara AtmavikAsa kI ATha yoga-dRSTiyA~ batalAyI haiN| oghadRSTi aura yogadRSTi - dRSTi (bodha) sAmAnyataH do prakAra kI hai 1. oghadRSTi (asadRSTi) aura 2. yogadRSTi (sdRsstti)| oghadRSTi vivekazUnya tathA andhakArAcchanna dRSTi hai| sAmAnya janasamudAya dvArA paramparAgata mAnyatAoM kA binA vicAra kie svIkAra karanA oghadRSTi hai| yogadRSTi vivekadRSTi hai| yadi samIcIna zraddhAyukta bodha ho aura asat pravRttiyoM se rahita satpravRttiyoM meM pravRtti ho to use yogadRSTi kahate haiN|" ye yogadRSTiyA~ yadyapi AvaraNa-apAya ke kAraNa aneka haiM parantu sAmAnya se ATha haiN|2- 1. mitrA, 2. tArA, 3. balA, 4. dIprA, 5. sthirA, 6. kAntA, 7. prabhA aura 8. praa| ina ATha yogadRSTiyoM meM se prathama cAra yogadRSTiyA~ pratipAtI haiM jo mithyASTiyoM aura samyagdRSTiyoM donoM ko ho sakatI haiN| antima cAra yogadRSTiyA~ apratipAtI (vedyasaMvedyapada yA sthira) haiM tathA samyagdRSTiyoM ko hI hotI haiN| yahA~ DaoN. arhaddAsa vanDovA dine kA yaha kathana ki prathama cAra dRSTiyA~ oghadRSTiyA~ haiM, anucita hai kyoMki ye pratipAtI (avedyasaMvedyapada yA asthira) tathA mithyAdRSTiyoM ko hone mAtra se oghadRSTiyA~ nahIM haiN| AcArya haribhadra ne svayaM ogha aura 382

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yogadRSTiyoM meM antara karate hue AThoM ko yogadRSTiyA~ kahA hai jo ucita bhI hai| kyoMki ye satsaGgati Adi se pragatipatha para le jAtI haiN| ina ATha yogadRSTiyoM se jIva ko kisa prakAra kA bodha prApta hotA hai use kramaza: ATha dRSTAntoM ke dvArA batalAyA gayA hai| 5- 1. tRNAgni kaNa, 2. gomayAgni kaNa = kaNDe kI agni, 3. kASThAgni, 4. dIpaprabhA, 5. ratnaprabhA, 6. tArAprabhA, 7. sUryaprabhA aura 8. cndrprbhaa| jaise ina tRNAgni Adi kI kAntiyA~ uttarottara spaSTatA aura sthiratA liye hue haiM usI prakAra yogadRSTiyA~ bodha kI spaSTatA aura sthiratA liye hue haiN| sUryaprabhA kI apekSA jo candraprabhA ko utkRSTa batalAyA hai usakA kAraNa candramA kI zItalatA aura zAnti-janakatA hai jabaki sUrya meM tIvra uSNatA hai jo samasta karmoM ko bhasma karane meM samartha hai| ina yogadRSTiyoM ko pAtaMjalayogadarzana ke Aloka meM kramaza: yama-niyamAdi aSTAMgayogoM ke sAtha tathA khedAdi ATha doSoM ke parihAraka rUpa meM bhI AcArya haribhadra ne batalAyA hai| inase adveSa Adi guNoM kI kramazaH prApti bhI batalAI hai| yogadRSTiyoM kA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai - 1. mitrAdRSTi'7- ise 'yogabIja' kahA gayA hai kyoMki yahA~ bIja rUpa meM sadRSTi kI prApti hotI hai jisase sAdhaka ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha ina pA~ca yamoM (vratoM) ke pAlana karane kI icchA karatA hai parantu pUrvajanma ke asad-saMskAroM ke kAraNa vratoM kA pAlana nahIM kara pAtA hai| sarvajJa ko namaskAra karatA hai, AcArya Adi kI yathocita sevA karatA hai, svAdhyAya, pUjA Adi bhI karatA hai| yaha mitrAdRSTi tRNAgni-kaNa kI taraha alpa-sthAyI tathA manda hai| sAdhaka anucita kArya karane vAloM se dveSa (krodha) nahIM karatA hai aura zubhakArya karane meM kheda kA anubhava nahIM karatA hai| ataH isa dRSTi vAle meM 'akheda' aura 'adveSa' guNa pAe jAte haiN| yathApravRttikaraNa' dvArA granthibheda kI ora agrasara hotA hai| yadyapi isakA prathama guNasthAna mAnA gayA hai parantu sAmAnya oghadRSTi vAle mithyAdRSTi se isakA unnata svabhAva hotA hai| 2. tArAdRSTi8- isameM zauca (zArIrika-mAnasika zuddhi), santoSa (Avazyaka AhArAdi ko chor3akara saMtoSavRtti), tapa (kaSTa-sahiSNutA), Izvara-praNidhAna (paramAtma-cintana) rUpa niyamoM kA pAlana karate hue Atmahita ke kArya karane meM udvega (aruci) nahIM hotA hai tathA tattva-cintana kI jijJAsA balavatI hotI hai| yogiyoM kI kathA sunane meM prIti hotI hai| samyagjJAna ke abhAva meM sat kAryoM ko karate hue bhI rAga-dveSa Adi meM pravRtta rahatA hai| itanA avazya hai ki mitrAdRSTi kI apekSA isakA rAga-dveSa kucha kama hotA hai aura cAritrika-vikAsa usase unnata hotA hai| yaha yogabIja ke aMkuraNa ke pUrva kI avasthA hai| isakA oja kaNDe kI agnivat hotA hai| 3. balAvRSTi - isa yogadRSTi meM mana kI sthiratA pUrva kI apekSA adhika sudRr3ha ho jAtI hai| cAritra-pAlana kA abhyAsa karate-karate cittavRttiyoM ko ekAgra karane kI sAmarthya (bala) prApta ho jAtI hai| phalasvarUpa padmAsana Adi vividha sukhAsanoM kA Azraya lekara Alasya na karate hue cAritra kA vikAsa karatA hai| jaise yuvaka aura yuvatI eka dUsare meM dattacitta hokara Ananda kA anubhava karate haiM vaise hI balAdRSTi vAlA sAdhaka zAstra-zravaNa, deva-pUjA Adi meM Ananda kA anubhava karatA hai paudgalika viSayoM kI tRSNA zAnta ho jAtI hai| kaMDe kI agni ke oja kI apekSA isakA oja kASTha-agni kI taraha adhika hotA hai| yoga-bIja kA aMkuraNa isameM hone lagatA hai| 'zuzruSA-zakti' prakaTa ho jAtI hai| zAstra-zravaNa na milane para bhI zubhabhAva ke kAraNa karmakSaya karatA hai| zubha kArya meM prAyaH vighna nahIM aate| yadi vighna Ate bhI haiM to dUra ho jAte haiN| arthAt 'kSepadoSa' (vighna-AnA) nahIM rahatA hai| 4. dIprA dRSTi-- isa yogadRSTi meM AdhyAtmika yA bhAva-prANAyAma Avazyaka hotA hai| AdhyAtmika yA bhAva prANAyAma meM recaka (bAhya-parigrahAdi ke mamatva ko bAhara nikAlanA), pUraka (Antarika Atma-viveka bhAva andara bharanA) aura kumbhaka (AtmabhAvoM ko andara sthira karanA) avasthAe~ hotI haiN| yahA~ yogI tattvazravaNa se saMyukta hokara 'utthAna' (citta kI azAnti) nAmaka doSa se rahita hotA hai| dIpaka ke prakAza kI taraha isameM sthiratA to hotI hai parantu jaise dIpaka havA se bujha jAtA hai vaise hI tIvra mithyAtva ke udaya hone para saccAritra naSTa ho jAtA hai| jaise dIpaka apane prakAza ke lie para (tela) para Azrita hai vaise hI yahA~ parAvalambitA (AtmA se bhinna padArtha para Azrita) hai| isameM pUrvavartI zuzrUSA guNa 'zravaNa guNa' meM parivartita ho jAtA hai| bodha kI spaSTatA to hotI hai parantu satyAsatya Adi kA sUkSmabodha nahIM ho paataa| Asakti kI vidyamAnatA hone se 'avedyasaMvedyapada' (pUrI parIkSA kiye binA sva-abhinivezavaza satya mAnakara anusaraNa karanA) kI sthiti hai| isIlie isa dRSTi taka pratipAta (patana) svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| yama-niyamAdi vratoM kA pAlana karane tathA zAnta, vinIta, mRdu, sadAcArI hone para bhI ina cAroM dRSTiyoM kA antarbhAva mithyAtva avasthA meM kiyA gayA hai| 383

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vastutaH yaha samyaktva-prApti ke pUrva kI abhyAsa-avasthA athavA samyaktva se patana ke bAda kI avasthA hai| yaha avasthA eka prakAra se upazAnta kaSAya jaisI hai parantu 'yahA~ se patana nizcita hogA' aisA niyama nahIM hai, yogI samyagdRSTi hokara Age bhI bar3ha sakatA hai| isIlie yahA~ samyaktva ko bhajanIya kahA jA sakatA hai| 5. sthirAvRSTi 5- isa avasthA meM granthibheda se kSAyika samyagdarzana hotA hai jo nitya hai| viSaya-vikAra-tyAgarUpa pratyAhAra kI yaha avasthA hai| 'sUkSmabodha' guNa kI prApti hotI hai| acaMcalatA, nirogatA, akaThoratA, malAdi-viSayaka alpatA, susvaratA Adi ke kAraNa paramAtma-darzana kI ora indriyoM kA jhukAva ho jAtA hai| isa dRSTi kI upamA ratna-prabhA se dI gaI hai jo saumyatA pradAna karatI hai| ise 'vedyasaMvedyapada' (satya kI parIkSA karake tadnurUpa AcaraNa karanA) prApti bhI kahA jAtA hai| yahA~ bhramadoSa (zaMkA) nahIM rahatA hai| 6. kAntAdRSTi- isa dRSTi meM dhAraNA (kisI padArtha ke kisI eka bhAga para citta ko sthira karanA) ke saMyoga se susthiratA AtI hai| tArAgaNoM ke Aloka ke samAna isakA sthira AbhAmaNDala hotA hai| pUrva kI dRSTiyoM meM jahA~ yogI karmagranthiyoM ko chedane meM prayatnazIla rahatA hai vaha yahA~ Akara apUrvatA kA anubhava karatA hai| pUrNa kSamAzIla bana jAtA hai| sarvatra usakA Adara-satkAra hotA hai| parama AnaMdAnubhUti hotI hai| sva-para vastu kA samyak bodha ho jAtA hai| yaha dRSTi Age kI dRSTiyoM kI AdhArazilA hotI hai| pramAdajanya aticAra-rahita avasthA hai| sUkSmabodha ke bAda 'mImAMsA' (cintana-manana) guNa vizeSa rUpa se jAgRta hotA hai| 7. prabhAdRSTi- isameM sUrya kI prabhA ke samAna atyanta spaSTa bodha hone lagatA hai| yogI Atmasukha kI prApti meM tallIna ho jAtA hai| rogAdi klezoM se pIDati nahIM hotA hai| asaGgAnuSThAna (samatA) udita hotA hai| asaGgAnuSThAna ke cAra prakAra haiM(ka) prIti (kaSAyamukta rAgabhAva), (kha) bhakti (AcArAdi kriyAoM meM sneha), (ga) vacana (zAstra-vacana) tathA (gha) pravRtti (vacanAnuSThAna meM svAbhAvika prvRtti)| yahA~ yogI ko sacce sukha kI anubhUti hotI hai| kevalajJAna-prApti kI ora agrasara hotA hai| citta-ekAgratArUpa dhyAna isameM pravAharUpa aura dIrghakAlika hotA hai jabaki kAntAdRSTi meM alpakAlika aura ekadezIya hotA hai| pratipatti guNa (samAdhi) kI prApti hotI hai| kAntAdRSTi meM mImAMsita tattva kA isameM amala prArambha ho jAtA hai| apUrva zAnti milatI hai| karmamala kSINaprAya ho jAtA hai| 8. parAdRSTi - isameM Atma-pravRtti guNa (pratipatti guNa kI pUrNatA) kI prApti hotI hai| ise candramA kI kAnti kI taraha zAnta aura saumya avasthA kahA hai| akhaNDa Ananda milatA hai| prabhAdRSTi meM dhyeya kA Alambana hotA hai parantu parAdRSTi meM dhyAtA, dhyeya aura dhyAna kA bheda nahIM rahatA hai| samasta doSoM (mohanIya karmoM) ke naSTa hone se aneka labdhiyoM kI prApti hotI hai| isameM samAdhi kI samprApti hotI hai| dhAraNA se prApta hone vAlI ekAgratA dhyAnAvasthA ko pAra karatI huI samAdhi meM paryavasita hotI hai| dhAraNA meM apravAha rUpa ekAgratA hai, dhyAna meM pravAha hai parantu sAtatya nahIM jabaki samAdhi meM avicchinna ekAgratA hotI hai| kAlasImA adhikatama antarmuhUrta hai| yahA~ parabhAva meM raMcamAtra bhI Asakti na hone se 'AsaGgadoSa' nahIM rhtaa| AtmasamAdhi kI athavA jIvanmukta kI yaha avasthA hai| nirvANa-prApti hetu ayoga-kevalI hokara sAdhaka yoga-saMnyAsa letA hai aura antima samaya meM pA~ca hrasvAkSaroM ke uccAraNa mAtra kAla meM zeSa aghAtiyA karmoM ko naSTa karake mokSa (siddhAvasthA) prApta kara letA hai| yogadRSTibodhaka tAlikA (uttarottara utkRSTatA ) yogadRSTi yogAGga guNaprApti doSAbhAva bodhasAdRzya guNasthAna mukhyalakSaNa 1 mitrA adveSa khedatyAga (akheda) tRNAgnikaNa prathama adveSa, akhedabhAva 2 tArA niyama jijJAsA udvegAbhAva kaMDe kA agnikaNa prathama dharmakathA meM ruci (anudvega) 3 balA Asana zuzrUSA kSepa= vighnAbhAva kASTha agni prathama zAstrazravaNa, devapUjAdi meM Ananda 4 dIprA prANAyAma zravaNa utthAna(cittaazAnti dIpakaprabhA Asaktiyukta sadAcaraNa abhAva) 5 sthirA pratyAhAra sUkSmabodha bhramAbhAva 4,5,6 alolupatA, samyaktvagranthibheda 6 kAntA dhAraNA mImAMsA anya- mudAbhAva padArtha para pravAha-hIna (svAnubhava moda) citta sthiratA 384 prathama ratnaprabhA tArAprabhA 4,5,6

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7,8 7 prabhA dhyAna tattvapratipatti ruk-tyAga sUryaprabhA apUrva zAnti, vicchinna (parizuddha (rAgadveSa vyAdhityAga) pravAhI dhyAna pratipatti) 8 parA samAdhi AtmasvabhAva asaGgAbhAva candraprabhA 8-14 avicchinna pravAhI dhyAna, meM pravRtti (pUrNatA) / mukti lAbha guNasthAna vivecana kI dRSTi se AcArya haribhadra ne prathama cAra dRSTiyoM kA samAveza prathama mithyAtva guNasthAna meM kiyA hai| paJcama sthirA aura chaThI kAntAdRSTi kA samAveza caturtha, paJcama aura SaSTha ina tIna guNasthAnoM meM kiyA hai| prabhA nAmaka sAtavIM dRSTi kA samAveza sAtaveM aura AThaveM guNasthAna meM kiyA hai| parA nAmaka AThavIM dRSTi kA samAveza AThaveM se caudahaveM guNasthAna meM kiyA hai| arthAt una-una guNasthAnoM meM yathAkathita yogadRSTiyA~ sambhava haiN| yadi kathaMcit apekSAbheda se prathama cAra guNasthAnoM taka prathama cAra yogadRSTiyoM kI sambhAvanA svIkAra kI jAe to anucita na hogA, aisA merA vicAra hai| prathama cAra yoga-dRSTiyoM se darzana-mohanIya kA kSaya karake samyagdarzana kI prApti tathA antima cAra se cAritra-mohanIya kA kSaya karake kevalajJAna evaM mokSa-prApti hotI hai| ye AThoM yogadRSTiyA~ AtmavikAsa aura vItarAgatA kI ora le jAne meM sopAnavat haiN| sayoga-kevalI aura ayoga-kevalI meM bhI yahI artha hai| sandarbha 1. kAyavADmanaHkarmayogaH / sa AzravaH / tattvArthasUtra 6.1-2 2. bhagavatIArAdhanA (gAthA 21 kI aparAjitasUri kI vijayodayA TIkA meM 'joga-parikamma' ko spaSTa karate hue yoga ke aneka artha batalAte hue kahA hai- yogshbdo'nekaarthH| 'yoga-nimittaM grahaNaM' ityAtmapradezaparispandaM trividhavargaNAsahAyamAcaSTe / kvacitsambandha-mAtra-vacanaH 'astyAnena yoga' iti / kvaciddhayAnavacanaH yathA 'yogasthita' iti / ihAyaM prigRhiitH| tato dhyAnaparikaraM karotIti yAvat / rAgadveSamithyAtvAsaMzliSTamarthayAthAtmyasparzi pratinivRttiviSayAntarapaJcAraM jJAnaM dhyaanmucyte| 3. dekheM, tattvArthasUtra, samAdhitantra, iSTopadeza, samAdhizataka, dhyAnazataka, mokSapAhuDa, paramAtmaprakAza, yogasAra, AtmAnuzAsana, yogasAraprabhRta, jJAnasAra, tattvAnuzAsana, jJAnArNava, adhyAtmasAra, pAtaMjalayogasUtra, yogaviMzikA, yogapradIpa, adhyAtmakalpadruma aadi| 4. yogazcittavittinirodhaH / pAtaMjalayogasUtra, 1.2 5. yogadRSTisamuccaya meM 227 saMskRta padya haiM jisa para 1175 zlokapramANa svopajJavRtti bhI hai| 6. caudaha guNasthAna kamazaH isa prakAra haiM- 1. mithyAtva, 2. sAsAdana, 3. mizra, 4. aviratasamyaktva, 5. dezavirata, 6. pramattasaMyata, 7. apramattasaMyata, 8. apUrvakaraNa, 9. anivRttikaraNa yA nivRttibAdara, 10. sUkSmasAmparAya, 11. upazAntamoha, 12. kSINamoha, 13. sayogakevalI aura 14. ayogkevlii| 7. sakaSAyatvAjjIva: karmaNo yogyAn pudgalAnAdatte se bandhaH / ta. sU. 8.23 8. paJcAstikAya, 128-129 9. jainendrasiddhAntakoza, bhAga 1, pR. 90 10. sacchRddhAsaGgato bodho dRssttiritybhidhiiyte| asatpravRttivyAghAtAtsatpravRttipadAvahaH / / yogadRSTisamuccaya, 17 sameghAmegharAtryAdau sgrhaadybhrNkaadivt||| oghadRSTiriha jJeyA mithyaadRssttiitraashryaa|| yogadRSTisamuccaya, 14 11. vahI, 1 12. vahI, 13 13. jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana, pR. 204 14. yogadRSTisamuccaya, 13-15 15. vahI, 15 16. yamAdiyogayuktAnAM khedAdiparihArataH / / adveSAdiguNasthAnaM krameNaiSA satAM mtaa|| yogadRSTisamuccaya 16, tathA dekheM gAthA 16, pR. 1 phuTanoTa 385 47

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ymniymaasn-praannaayaam-prtyaahaardhaarnnaa-dhyaansmaadhyo'ssttaavnggaani| khedodvegakSepotthAna-bhrAntyanyamudrugAsaGgaiH / / yuktAni cintAni prapaJcato varjayen matimAn / / adveSo jijJAsA zuzrUSA zravaNabodhamImAMsAH / / parizuddhA pratipattiH pravRttiraSTAtmikA tattve / / 17. yoga., 21-40 18. yoga., 41-48 19. yoga., 49-57 20. yoga., 52 21. yoga., 54 22. yoga., 57-151 23. yoga. tathA tArAdvAtriMzikA, 19 24. yoga., 57 25. yoga., 152-159 26. yoga., 160-167 27. yoga., 168-176 28. yoga., 177-185 29. samApatti (dhyAna yA samAdhi) ke cAra prakAra haiM- savitarka, nirvitarka, savicAra aura nirvicAra / ina cAroM kA samAveza samprajJAta-samAdhi (savikalpa-samAdhi yA sabIja-samAdhi) meM ho jAtA hai| nirvicAra-samApatti kI nirmalatA se adhyAtmaprasAda aura 'RtambharAprajJA' prApta hotI hai| isake bAda asaMprajJAta-samAdhi (nirvikalpa yA nirbIja-samAdhi) aura tadanantara kaivalya (kevalajJAna) kI prApti hotI hai| pataMjali ke anusAra samAdhi ke do bheda haiM- samprajJAta aura asamprajJAta / samprajJAta samAdhi ko sabIja samAdhi bhI kahate haiM kyoMki isameM citta-saMskAra pUrNata: naSTa nahIM hote haiN| isake cAra prakAra haiM-vitarkAnugata, vicArAnugata, AnandAnugata aura asmitAnugata / yaha samprajJAta samAdhi asamprajJAta samAdhi kI prApti meM kAraNabhUta hai| dekheM, yogadarzana 1.17, 18, 46, 51 pUrvavid guNadharAcArya - viracita 'kasAyapAhaDaM' pUrvavid AcArya guNadharadeva ne vi. pUrva prathama zatAbdI meM 'kaSAyapAhuDa' nAmaka grantha kI racanA karake digambara jaina paramparA ke zrutajJAna-viccheda ko bacAne kA prayatna kiyaa| yaha digambara jaina paramparA meM siddhAnta pratipAdaka sarvamAnya Agama grantha hai kyoMki bhagavAn mahAvIra kI avicchinna AcAryaparamparA se guNadharAcArya ko kaSAyapAhuDa kA jJAna prApta huA thaa| dvAdazAGga zrutajJAna ke dRSTivAda nAmaka bArahaveM aGga grantha ke 14 pUrvo meM se jJAnapravAda nAmaka pA~caveM pUrva ke dasaveM vastu adhikAra ke antargata 'peja' (pejadosapAhuDa yA kammapayaDipAhuDa yA kasAyapAhuDa) nAmaka tRtIya pAhuDa kA viSaya isameM sUtrAtmaka zailI meM nibaddha hai| isakA viSaya 16000 pada pramANa haiN| isameM mukhya rUpa se mohanIya karma sambandhI vivecanA hai| yaha grantha 180 gAthAoM meM racita hai tathA nimna 15 adhikAroM meM vibhakta hai| - viSaya vivecana - (1) prakRti-vibhakti adhikAra (pejjadosavibhakti) - prArambha ke pA~ca adhikAroM meM kevala tIna gAthAyeM haiN| inake pUrva do gAthAyeM granthanAma, udgama srota, gAthAoM evaM adhikAroM kI saMkhyAbodhaka haiN| kaSAyeM rAga-dveSarUpa (peja yA peja dosarUpa) haiN| ina rAga-dveSoM kA vivecana bAraha anuyogoM (svAmitva, kAla, antara, bhaMgavicaya, satprarUpaNA, dravyapramANAnugama, kSetrAnugama, sparzAnugam, kAlAnugam, antarAnugam, bhAgAbhAganugam aura alpabahutva ke dvArA kiyA gayA hai| 2) sthiti -vibhakti - AtmA kI svAbhAvika zaktiyoM kA Avaraka karma pudgalAtmaka hai| kaSAyoM kI tIvratA aura mandatA ke anusAra karmoM kI sthiti (samaya-maryAdA) aura anubhAga (phaladAna zakti) bandha hotA hai| karma apanI sthiti 386

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pUrI hone para udaya meM Akara iSTa aniSTa phala dete haiN| karmabandha cAra prakAra kA hotA hai- (1) prakRtibandha (jJAna-darzanAdi ko rokane tathA sukha-duHkhAdi dene kA svabhAva par3anA),(2) pradezabandha (karma paramANuoM ke baMdhane kI saMkhyA kA parimANa), (3) sthitibandha aura anubhAgabandha / inameM prakRti aura pradezabandha mana-vacana-kAyA kI pravRtti rUpa yoga se hote haiN| sthiti aura anubhAga bandha kaSAyoM ke kAraNa hote haiN| isa sthiti-vibhakti nAmaka dvitIya adhikAra meM sthitibandha ke sAtha prakRtibandha kA bhI vivecana kiyA gayA hai| prakRti-vibhakti ke do bheda kiye gaye haiM - 1. mUlaprakRti (mohanIya karma) aura 2. uttara prakRti (mohanIya kArya kI uttara prakRtiyA~) isameM vibhinna anuyogoM ke dvArA caudaha mArgaNAoM kA Azraya lekara mohanIya karma kI sthiti kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| (3) anubhAga-vibhakti - karmoM kI phaladAnazakti kA vicAra do prakAra se kiyA hai - mUlaprakRti anubhAga aura uttaraprakRti anubhaag| yaha anubhAga udayakAla meM bandha ke samaya jitanA thA utanA bhI raha sakatA hai tathA hInAdika bhI ho sakatA hai| prasaGgataH isa adhikAra meM ghAtisaMjJA aura sthAnasaMjJA kA bhI vicAra hai| ghAtisaMjJA ke do bheda haiM - sarvaghAtI aura deshghaatii| ekasthAnika Adi ghAta saMjJA ke cAra bheda haiM- ekasthAnika, dvisthAnika, tristhAnika aura ctu:sthaanik| isa taraha isameM anubhAga ke vibhinna bheda-prabhedoM kA varNana hai| (4) pradeza vibhakti- karmoM ke bandha ke samaya tatkAla bandha ko prApta karmoM ko jo karma-paramANuoM kA dravya milatA hai use pradeza bandha kahate haiN| isake do bheda haiM - prathama bandha ke samaya prApta dravya aura dvitIya bandha hokara sattA meM sthita dravya / kaSAyapAhuDa meM dvitIya prakAra ke pradeza bandha kA vicAra hai| isa adhikAra meM utkarSaNa, ApakarSaNa, saMkramaNa prabhRti karmoM kI sthitiyoM kA bhI vicAra hai| (5) baMdhaka - isa adhikAra meM bandha aura saMkrama ina do viSayoM kA kathana hai| bandha ke do bheda haiM - akarmabandha aura karmabandha / jo kArmANa vargaNAyeM karmarUpa pariNata nahIM haiM unakA karmarUpa se pariNata honA akarmabandha hai tathA karmarUpa se pariNata pudgalaskandhoM kA eka karma se apane sajAtIya anya karmarUpa pariNamana karanA karmabandha hai| yaha dvitIya prakAra kA karmabandha nAmaka bheda hI saMkrama hai| isIlie isa baMdhaka adhikAra meM bandha aura saMkrama donoM samAhita haiN| prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradeza ke bheda se cArarUpoM meM karmoM kA pariNamana baMdhaka adhikAra kA viSaya hai| (6) vedaka - isa adhikAra meM cAra gAthAyeM haiN| isameM batalAyA hai ki saMsArI jIva mohanIya karma aura usakI avAntara prakRtiyoM kA kahA~ aura kitane samaya taka sAntara yA nirantararUpa se vedana (anubhavana) karatA hai| udaya aura udIraNA se bheda se yaha adhikAra do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai| karmoM kA yathAkAla udaya meM Akara phalavipAka honA udaya kahalAtA hai| jina karmoM kA udayakAla nahIM AyA hai use upAya vizeSa se tapa Adi dvArA udaya meM lAnA udIraNA hai| (7) upayoga - isa adhikAra meM sAta gAthAyeM hai| saMsArI jIvoM ke krodhAdirUpa cAroM kaSAyoM ke pariNAmoM ko upayoga kahA hai| eka jIva ke eka kaSAya kA udaya kitane samaya taka rahatA hai ? eka bhava meM eka kaSAya kA udaya kitanI bAra ho sakatA hai ? kitane bhavoM taka ho sakatA hai ? ityAdi kaSAya sambandhI vividha bAtoM kA isa adhikAra meM vivecana hai| (8) catuHsthAna- isa adhikAra meM solaha gAthAyeM haiN| isameM cAroM kaSAyoM kI hInAdhikatA ke AdhAra para unakI phaladAna zakti ko cAra-cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta karake kramaza: eka-sthAna, dvisthAna, tristhAna aura catuHsthAna kahA gayA hai| jaise-krodha ko kramaza: hIna krama se pASANa rekhAvat, pRthvIrekhAvat, bAlurekhAvat aura jalarekhAvat batalAyA hai| isI taraha anya kaSAyoM ko jnnaa| ina cAroM kaSAyoM ke solaha sthAnoM kA nirUpaNa karate hue kauna sthAna sarvaghAtI hai aura kauna sthAna dezaghAtI hai Adi kA bhI vicAra kiyA gayA hai| (9) vyaJjana- isa adhikAra meM pA~ca gAthAyeM haiN| kaSAyoM ke paryAyavAcI nAmoM kA ullekha karate hue unake vizeSa artha batalAe haiN| yahA~ vyaJjana kA artha hai paryAyavAcI shbd| (10) darzanamohopazamanA - isa adhikAra meM 15 gAthAyeM haiN| darzana mohanIya karma kA eka antamuhUrta ke lie upazamana karane para jIva ko eka antamuhUrta ke lie AtmA ke svarUpa kA sAkSAtkAra ho jAtA hai| isa avasthA meM use anivarcanIya Ananda kI prApti hotI hai| darzanamohanIya karma ke upazamakajIva ke kaise pariNAma Adi hote haiM isakA kathana hai| darzanamohanIya karma kA upazama cAroM gatiyoM ke jIva kara sakate haiM parantu ve saMjJI paMcendriya aura paryAptaka hoN| anta meM prathamopazamasamyaktvI kI viziSTa avasthAoM kA varNana hai| (11) darzanamohakSapaNA- isa adhikAra meM 5 gAthAyeM haiM / darzana ke upazama se Atma-sAkSAtkAra eka antarmuhUrta taka hI 387

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ho sakatA hai parantu jaba usa darzanamohanIya kA kSaya kara dete haiM taba sadAkAla AtmasAkSAtkAra banA rahatA hai| isa adhikAra meM darzanamoha ke kSapaNa kI prakriyA tathA tatsambandhI sAdhanasAmagrI kA varNana hai| darzanamoha ke kSaya kA prArambha karmabhUmija manuSya hI kara sakatA hai aura usakI pUrNata: cAroM gatiyoM meM kI jA sakatI hai| yadi kSapaNa kriyA ke pUrNa hone ke pUrva hI usa manuSya kI mRtyu ho jAtI hai to vaha AyubandhAnusAra cAroM gatiyoM meM utpanna ho sakatA hai| parantu aisA jIva adhikatama tIna bhava dhAraNa karake mokSa prApta kara letA hai| (12) saMyamAsaMyamalabdhi - bArahaveM aura terahaveM adhikAroM meM kevala eka gAthA hai| dezasaMyamI jIva (paMcama guNasthAnavartI zrAvaka) ke jo vizuddhapariNAma hote haiM use saMyamAsaMyamalabdhi kahate haiN| dezasaMyama yA saMyamAsaMyamalabdhi ke lie Avazyaka sAdhana-sAmagriyoM kA isa adhikAra meM vivecana hai| dezasaMyama kI prApti apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya ke udayAbhAva meM hotI hai| (13) saMyamalabdhi (caritralabdhi) pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya kA bhI jaba udayAbhAva ho jAtA hai taba saMyamalabdhi prApta hotI hai aura jIva mahAvratoM kA dhArI muni bana jAtA hai| mahAvratI ke pariNAmoM ke kaSAyoM ke udayAnusAra utAra-caDhAva hotA rahatA hai| tadanusAra chaThe-sAtaveM guNasthAna meM jhUlA karatA hai| (14) cAritramohopazamanA- isa adhikAra meM 8 gAthAyeM haiN| cAritramoha kA upazamaka (8 se 11 guNasthAnavartIjIva) kisa taraha Upara ke guNasthAnoM meM car3hatA hai aura kaSAyAdi ke udaya hone para kaise aura kahA~ taka patana kara sakatA hai| isakA kathana hai itanA nizcita hai ki upazamaka (upazamazreNI meM ArUr3ha) kA patana SaSTha-saptama guNasthAna taka avazya hotA hai| isake bAda yadi kSapaka zreNI pakar3a letA hai to uttarottara vizuddhi karate hue mukta ho jAtA hai| aisA na hone para tIvra kaSAyodaya hone para prathama guNasthAna taka bhI patana ho sakatA hai| (15) cAritra- mohakSapaNA- isa adhikAra meM 28 gAthAyeM haiM tathA 86 bhASya gAthAyeM haiN| cAritramohanIya kA kSaya adha:karaNa, apUrvakaraNa aura anivRttikaraNa pUrvaka hotA hai| cAritramohanIya karma kI prakatiyoM kA kSaya kisa krama se hotA hai isakA vivecana hai| isa taraha kaSAyakSaya kI prakriyA aura dhyAna kA vistRta vivecana isa adhikAra meM hai| isake uparAnta muktilAbha kI prApti ho jAtI hai| gAthA saMkhyAvicAra - granthakAra ne yadyapi 180 gAthAoM ko likhane kA ullekha (nirdeza) kiyA hai parantu vartamAna meM 233 gAthAyeM milatI hai| ina atirki 53 gAthAoM kI racanA kisane kI hai| isa viSaya meM matabheda haiN| zrI vIrasena svAmI ina 53 gAthAoM ko guNadhara-praNIta mAnate haiM parantu ina gAthAoM kI racanAzailI kI bhinnatA aura lekhaka ke nirdeza ko dekhate hue inheM guNadharapraNIta nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| kucha vidvAn nemicandrazAstrI Adi inheM nAgahasti kRta kahate haiN| ina 53 gAthAoM meM se 12 gAthAyeM viSaya saMbaMdha-jJApaka haiM, 6 gAthAyeM addhAparimANa nirdezaka haiM tathA 35 gAthAyeM saMkramaNavRtti se sambaddha haiN| saMkramaNavRtti vAlI 35 gAthAoM meM se 13 saMkrama adhikAra kI gAthAyeM sAmAnya pAThabheda ke sAtha anukrama se zvetAmbarAcArya zrI zivazarmasUri kRta (vi.saM.5 yA I.saM. 5 pUrvArddha) 'karmaprakRti grantha meM milatI haiN| inake atirikta darzanamohopazamanA kI cAra gAthAyeM bhI kucha pAThabheda ke sAtha milatI hai| sambandhajJApaka aura addhAparimANa vAlI 18 (12+6 = 18) gAthAoM para yativRSabhAcArya kI cUrNi upalabdha nahIM hai| ataH inheM guNadhara praNIta nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| jadhavalAkAra ke kathanAnusAra cUrNikAra ko 180 gAthAyeM hI prApta thii| samasta 233 gAthAoM kI vartamAna sthiti nimna prakAra hai - kra.saM. arthAdhikAra nAma mUla gAthAyeM bhASya gAthAyeM granthanAma, srota, gAthAsaMkhyA adhikAra saMkhyA prakRti vibhakti sthiti vibhakti anubhAga vibhakti pradezavibhakti baMdhaka vedaka 388

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upayoga catu:sthAna vyaJjana darzanamohopazamanA darzanamohakSapaNA saMyamAsaMyamalabdhi cAritralabdhi caritra mohopazamanA cAritramohopakSapaNA ka. prasthApaka kha. saMkrAmaka kramazaH 5,11,4,3 = 23 ga. apavartanA ,,3,1,4 = 08 gha. kRSTikaraNa ,, 3,2,12,3,4,2,4,4,2,5,0=41 Ga. kRSTakSapaNA ,, 1,1,10,2 = 14 ca. kSINamoha cha. saMgrahaNI x yoga 94 ___86 mahAyoga = 180 gAthAyeM, anya (12+6+35)53 gAthAyeM, mahAyoga 233 gAthAyeM vyAkhyA sAhitya AcArya paramparA se yaha Agama grantha AryamaMkSu aura nAgahastI (I.93-162) ko prApta huaa| inhIM donoM ke pAdamUla meM baiThakara yativRSabhAcArya (I. 150-180) ko prApta huA jisa para unhoMne 6000 cUrNi sUtroM kI racanA kii| inhIM cUrNi sUtroM ko AdhAra banAkara uccAraNAcArya (I. 180 karIba) ne bAraha hajAra loka pramANa uccAraNavRtti likhii| tadanantara AcArya bappadeva (I. 5-6 zatAbdI) 60000 zoka pramANa anya TIkA likhii| isI ke bAda vIrasenAcArya (I. 816 karIba) ne prathama cAra vibhaktiyoM para 2000 zoka pramANa jayadhavalA TIkA likhI jo pUrI TIkA kA 1/3 bhAga hai| isake bAda vIrasenAcArya ke divaMgata ho jAne para unake ziSya jinasenAcArya dvitIya (I.837) ne zeSa 2/3 bhAga para 40000 zoka pramANa TIkA likhakara jayadhavalA TIkA ko pUrA kiyaa| isa taraha jayadhavalA TIkA 6000 zoka pramANa ho gii| yaha TIkA prAkRta-saMskRta mizrita bhASA meM hai| karNATaka bhASA meM bhI 84000 zoka pramANa cUDAmaNi TIkA tumbalUrAcArya ne likhii| isa taraha vipula vyAkhyA sAhitya likhA gyaa| kaSAyapAhur3a kA vaiziSTya aura prAcInatA - karmagranthaviSayaka zvetAmbarAcArya kRta kammapayaDi tathA sataka ye do prAcIna grantha milate haiN| ina donoM kA udgama srota 'mahAkammapayaDipAhuDa' mAnA jAtA hai| jaba kaSAyapAhuDa ke sAtha inakI tulanA karate haiM to jJAta hotA hai ki kammapayaDi meM kaSAyapAhuDa kI 17 (13+4) gAthAyeM kathaJcit pAThabheda ke sAtha milatI hai| kampayaDi aura sataka donoM saMgrahagrantha haiM isIlie inakI cUrNiyoM meM inheM 'kammapayaDisaMgrahaNI' aura 'satakasaMgrahaNI' kahA gayA hai| kaSAyapAhuDa kA viSaya vyApaka aura prAcIna hai| digambara paramparA meM guNadhara ko prathama Agama sUtradhAra mAnA jAtA hai| DaoN. nemicandrazAstrI ne 'chakkhaMDAgama ke pravacanakartA dharasenAcArya se karIba 200 varSa pUrvavartI mAnA hai| sandarbha - 1. puvvammi paMcamammi du dasame vatthumhi pAhuDe tdie| pejaM ti pAhuDammi du havadi kASAyANa pAhuDaM nnaam|| ka. pA. gAthA 1 2. edaM pejadosapAhuDaM solasapadasahassapamANaM hoMti asIdi sudamettaM gAhAhi asaMghAridaM / ja. dha. 1.68.87 3. gAhAsade asIde atthe pANNArasadhA vihttmmi| vocchAmi jayi gAhA jammi atthmmi|| ka. pA. gAthA 2 389

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4. vahI 5. asIdisadagAhAo mottUNa avasesasaMbaMdhaddhAparimANaNiddesasaMkramaNagAhAo jeNa NAgahatthi AiriyakayAo teNa 'gAhAsade asIde' tti bhaNidUNa NAgahatthi AiriyeNa paijjA kadA idi kevivakkhANAiriyA bhaNaMti, taNNa ghddde| ka.pA. bhAga 1,pR. 183 jainendra siddhAntakoza- bhAga-2 pRSTha-41, tathA tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA bhAga 2 pR. 33-34 6. puNo tesiM doNhaM pi pAdamUle asIdisadagAhANaM guNaharamuha.. cuNNisuttaM kayaM / ka. pA. prathamabhAga, jayadhavalA pR.183 7. vahI, tathA dekheM jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa paM. kailAzacandrazAstrI bhAga-1, pR0 28-30 8. tIrthaGkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA khaNDa- 2, pRSTha - 30 prAkRta aura saMskRta kA tulanAtmaka vivecana bhASAvijJAna kI dRSTi se saMsAra kI bhASAoM ko pramukha rUpa se 12 parivAroM meM vibhakta kiyA jAtA hai - (1) bhAropIya, (2) semeTika, (3) hemeTika, (4) cInI, (5) yUrAla alTAI (6) drAviDa, (7) mailopAlIneziyana, (8) baMTU, (8) madhya aphrIkA, (10) AsTreliyA (11) amerikA aura (12) zeSa bhASA privaar| ina bAraha bhASA parivAroM meM bhAropIya parivAra ke ATha upabhASA parivAra haiM - (1) Arameniyama, (2) bAlTerabonika, (3) alabeniyama, (4) grIka, (5) bhArata-IrAnI (Arya) (6) iTelika, (7) kelTika aura (8) jarmana (ttyuuttaanik)| ina ATha upabhASA parivAroM meM Arya parivAra kI tIna pramukha zAkhAe~ haiM - IrAnI, darada aura bhAratIya Arya / saMskRta aura prAkRta bhASAoM kA kauTumbika sambandha bhAratIya Arya bhASA se hai arthAta saMskRta aura prAkRta kA udgagama zrota bhAratIya Arya bhASA hai| vikAsa krama kI dRSTi se bhAratIya Arya bhASA kA sAmAnya rUpa se tIna kAloM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai - (1) prAcIna kAla - (vaidika kAla yA kathya prAkRta bhASA kAla - I0 pU0 2000 se I0 pU0 600) isakA svarUpa hameM vaidika yA chAndas bhASA meM milatA hai| (2) madhya kAla (saMskRta evaM sAhityanibaddha prAkRta kAla - I0 pU0 600 se 1000 I0 taka) isakA svarUpa hameM saMskRta evaM sAhityika prAkRta parivAra meM milatA hai| (3) Adhunika kAla (Adhunika bhASA kAla yA prAkRta kA parivartita rUpa I0 1000 ke bAda) - isakA svarUpa hameM hindI, gujarAtI Adi meM milatA hai| AryabhASA ke isa vikAsakrama se prAkRta bhASA ke tIna stara jJAta hote haiM - (1) prAkRta kA kathya rUpa, (2) prAkRta kA sAhityanibaddha rUpa aura (3) prAkRta kA parivartita ruup| yahA~ jisa prAkRta bhASA kA vicAra kiyA jA rahA hai vaha prAkRta kA sAhityanibaddha rUpa hai jisakA udgama kathya bhASA se huA hai aura jo hindI Adi bhASAoM kI jananI hai| kyA prAkRta kI prakRti saMskRta hai ? bolacAla kI bhASA sadA parivartanazIla hotI hai| usameM jaba sAhitya likhA jAne lagatA hai taba use vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM se bA~dha diyA jAtA hai| isa taraha bolacAla kI parivartanazIla-bhASA sAhityika bhASA hokara gatihIna-sI ho jAtI hai| aisA hone para bhI bolacAla kI bhASA parivartanazIla banI rahatI hai aura kAlAntara meM apane parivartanazIla svabhAva ke kAraNa navIna bhASAoM kI jananI hotI hai| isa bhASAvijJAna ke niyamAnusAra saMskRta bhASA prAkRta bhASA kI jananI nahIM ho sakatI hai kyoMki saMskRta vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM se saMskAra kI gaI bhASA hai| yaha avazya hai ki prAkRta meM saMskRta ke tatsama aura tadbhava zabdoM kI bahulatA hai| vizeSakara una prAkRta kRtiyoM meM jo saMskRta ke vidvAnoM dvArA likhI gaI haiM aura jinhoMne upalabdha saMskRta ke prAkRta vyAkaraNoM ke AdhAra para prAkRta ko sIkhA hai| unhoMne pahale saMskRta meM vicAra vyakta kiyA pazcAt usakA prAkRta rUpa bnaayaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki jo prAcIna jainAgama athavA prAcIna prAkRta grantha haiM unameM prAkRta kI prakRti vidyamAna hai| prAkRta janabhASA ke rUpa meM vaidika kAla meM vidyamAna thI jisakI pravRttiyAM vaidika bhASA (chAndas) meM pracura mAtrA meM milatI haiN| saMhitA, brAhmaNa, AraNyaka, upaniSad, kalpasUtra, gRhyasUtra, arthazAstra, nATyazAstra Adi kI bhASA paravartI saMskRta se bhinna tathA prAkRta ke tattvoM se paripUrNa hai| ataH sAhityika prAkRta ko saMskRtajanya na kahakara use sahodarA kahanA adhika nyAyasaGgata hogaa| 390

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prAkRta vaiyAkaraNoM ne saMskRta ke zabdoM ko prakRti mAnakara jo prAkRta zabdoM kI siddhi kI hai usakA kAraNa hai saMskRtajJoM ko prAkRta sikhaanaa| isIlie prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke sUtra bhI saMskRta meM banAye gaye haiN| prAkRta meM aise bahuta se zabda tathA pratyaya haiM jinakA saMskRta ke sAtha koI sambandha nahIM hai unheM dezya kahA gayA hai yA nipAta se siddha mAnA gayA hai| ataH sabhI prAkRta zabdoM kI prakRti saMskRta nahIM mAnI jA sakatI hai| prAkRta zabda kI vyutpattimUlaka do vicAradhArAyeM pracalita haiM - (ka) prAkRta kI prakRti saMskRta nahIM, janabhASA hai| (1) prakRtyA svabhAvena siddhaM praakRtm| (2) prAk pUrva kRtaM prAkRtaM bAlamahilAdisubodhaM sakalabhASAnibandhabhUtaM vcnmucyte| - pANinyAdivyAkaraNoditazabdalakSaNena saMskaraNAt sNskRtmucyte| (3) prakRtInAM sAdhAraNajanAnAmidaM praakRtm| (4) prakRtireva prAkRtaM shbdbrhm| tasya vikArA vivartA vA saMskRtAdaya iti manyate sma kviH| (5) syAdyoniH kila saMskRtasya sudazAM jihvAsu ynmodte|| ina vyutpattiyoM ke AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki prAkRta hI sabhI bhASAoM kI jananI hai| jaisAki vAkpatirAjakRta gauDavaho meM kahA gayA hai| sayalAo imaM vAyA visaMti etto ya Neti vaayaao| eMti samudaM cciya Neti sAyarAo cciya jlaaiiN| yahI bAta 11 vIM zatAbdI ke namisAdhu ne rudraTa ke nimna kAvyAlaGkAra kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahI hai - prAkRtasaMskRtamAgadhapizAcabhASAzca zaurasenI c| SaSTho'tra bhUribhedo deshvishessaadpbhrNshH|| (kha) prAkRta kI prakRti saMskRta hai (1) prakRti: sNskRtm| tatra bhavaM tata AgataM vA praakRtm| (2) prakRti: saMskRtam / tatra bhavaM prAkRtamucyate / (3) prakRteH AgataM praakRtm| prakRtiH sNskRtm| (4) prAkRtasya tu sarvameva saMskRtaM yoniH (5) prakRteH saMskRtAyAstu vikRtiH prAkRtI mtaa|' (6) prakRteH saMskRtAd AgataM praakRtm| yahAM prAkRta kI yoni saMskRta batalAne kA mukhya kAraNa hai saMskRta ke vidvAnoM ko tadbhava zabdoM kI vyutpatti smjhaanaa| isase dezya zabdoM kA anuzAsana nahIM ho skaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki saMskRta nATakoM kI prAkRta meM kRtrimatA kAlakrama se bar3hatI gii| vastuta: mUla prakRti saMskRta aura prAkRta kI eka hI hai| prAkRta ko saMskRta bhASA kI jananI kahanA usake kathya rUpa kI apekSA se hai, sAhityika rUpa kI apekSA se nhiiN| saMskRta aura prAkRta kA eka dUsare para prabhAva prAkRta janabhASA ke rUpa meM vaidika kAla meM thii| vidvAn RSiyoM ne usa samaya kI sAhityika bhASA ko chAndas nAma dekara use janabhASA se pRthak kiyA hogaa| parantu usameM janabhASA ke pracura tattva vidyamAna raha gae hoNge| kAlAntara meM pANini Adi AcAryoM ke dvArA saMskRta vyAkaraNagrantha likhe gae, jisase janabhASA aura saMskRta donoM samAnAntara rUpa se calane lgiiN| samAnAntara bhASAyeM hone se donoM para eka dUsare kA prabhAva par3anA svAbhAvika thaa| saMskRta nATakoM ko dekhane se jJAta hotA hai ki rAjA Adi suzikSita vyakti saMskRta meM bolate haiM aura azikSita nimna puruSa pAtra tathA striyA~ vibhinna prAkRtoM meM bolate haiN| rAjA Adi prAkRta samajha lete haiM aura nIca-pAtrAdi saMskRta samajha lete haiN| isase spaSTa hai ki saMskRta vidvAnoM kI sAhityika bhASA thI aura azikSita yA ardhazikSita janasamudAya kI bhASA prAkRta thI, parantu ve sabhI prAyaH donoM prakAra kI bhASAyeM samajhate the| paraspara vyavahAra hone se donoM bhASAoM para paraspara prabhAva sunizcita hai| prAkRta kevala nIcoM aura striyoM kI bhASA nahIM thI 391

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yahA~ itanA vizeSa hai ki prAkRta bhASA kevala striyoM, zramaNoM aura nIca pAtroM kI hI bhASA nahIM thI apitu vaidika paNDitoM kI bhI bhASA thii| isIlie pravarasena, vAkpati, zAlivAhana, rAjazekhara Adi vaidika vidvAnoM ne prAkRta kAvya likhe tathA vararuci, lakSmIdhara, kramadIzvara, mArkaNDeya Adi vaidika vidvAnoM ne prAkRtavyAkaraNa grantha bhI likhe| isa taraha prAkRta bhASA sAmAnya jana se lekara vidvAnoM taka kI bhASA thii| saMskRta ke abhijJAnazAkuntala Adi nATya grantha tathA kAvyaprakAza Adi lakSaNa grantha isake pramANa haiN| dhArmika vidhiyoM aura zAstrasabhA meM prAkRta kA pracalana nahIM thA, jise bhagavAn mahAvIra aura buddha ne prArambha karA diyaa| isa taraha prAkRta bhASA yadyapi kathyarUpa se vaidika kAla meM thI, parantu usakA sAhityika rUpa pramukha rUpa se saMskRta ke bAda vikasita huA hai| jaba prAkRta bhASA ko bhagavAn mahAvIra aura buddha ne sammAna diyA, samrATa azoka ne use rAjyabhASA kA gaurava pradAna kiyA tathA zilAlekhoM Adi meM usakA prayoga kiyA to vidvAnoM ne usakA bhI anuzAsana karake use gatihIna kara diyA parantu jo lokavyavahAra anuzAsanahIna hokara calatA rahA usane apabhraMza Adi ke krama se Adhunika lokabhASAoM ko utpanna kiyaa| Aja inakA bhI anuzAsana ho gayA hai parantu janabhASA ke pravAha kA nahIM jisase prAntIya upabhASAoM kA vikAsa ho rahA hai| buddha ke anuyAyiyoM ne apane dhArmika granthoM kI bhASA ko pRthak karake pAli nAma se vyavahRta kiyA, zeSa sAhitya prAkRta ke nAma se vikhyAta huaa| sAhityika prAkRta bhASA kA vikAsakrama kI dRSTi se tIna yugoM meM vibhAjana (1) prathama yuga (I.pU. 600 I. 200) isa kAla meM tripiTaka evaM dhammapada kI pAli, pezAcI, cUlikA paizAcI, ardhamAgadhI yA prAcIna dharmasUtra granthoM kI prAkRta, azoka kI zilAlekhI prAkRta tathA azvaghoSa ke nATakoM kI prAkRta kA samAveza kiyA jAtA hai| (2) dvitIya yuga (I0 201 se I. 600) isa kAla meM bhAsa evaM kAlidAsa ke nATakoM kI prAkRta, setubandha Adi kAvya granthoM kI prAkRta, paravartI jaina kAvya sAhitya kI prAkRta tathA prAkRta vyAkaraNoM dvArA anuzAsita prAkRta kA samAveza kiyA jAtA hai| (3) tRtIya yuga yA apabhraMza yuga (I0 601 se I0 1200) - isa kAla meM vibhinna prAntIya apabhraMza bhASAyeM AtI haiN| inheM prAkRta se pRthak bhASA samudAya bhI kaha sakate haiM kyoMki inakA vikAsa prAkRta se huA hai, tathA inakI pravRtti sAmAnya prAkRta se kucha bhinna hai| prAkRta bhASAoM kA vibhAjana prAkRta-prakAza meM A0 vararuci ne pAli aura apabhraMza ko chor3akara prAkRta bhASA samudAya ko cAra pramukha prakAroM meM vibhakta karake anuzAsana kiyA hai - mahArASTrI (sAmAnya prAkRta), paizAcI, mAgadhI aura shaursainii| AO hemacandra ne siddhahema-zabdAnuzAsana meM cUlikA paizAcI, ArSa (ardhamAgadhI) aura apabhraMza ko jor3akara 7 bhAga karake anuzAsana kiyA hai| mArkaNDeya ne prAkRtasarvasva meM prathamataH bhASA ke cAra bheda karake unake avAntara bhedoM ko ginAyA hai| jaise (1) bhASA- mahArASTrI, zaurasainI, prAcyA, avantI aura maagdhii| (2) vibhASA - zAkArI, cANDAlI, zAbarI, AbhIrikI aura zAkI (shaakhii)| (3) apabhraMza- brAcaDa, lATi Adi 27 prakAra haiN| A.hemandra ne ise zaurasainIvat kahA hai| (4) paizAcI- kaikeyI, zaurasenI aura paanycaalii| bharatamuni ne apane nATyazAstra meM sAta prakAra ke prAntoM kA ullekha karake unake nAmoM para vibhAga kiyA hai (17-48)- 1. mAgadhI, 2. avantijA, 3. prAcyA, 4. zaurasenI, 5. ardhamAgadhI, 6. bAlIkA, 7. dAkSiNAtyA (mhaaraassttrii)| mRcchakaTika Adi nATakoM meM inake prayoga dekhe jA sakate haiN| ina sabhI bhedaprabhedoM meM se mahArASTrI, zaurasenI, mAgadhI aura paizAcI meM tathA inake kramaza: 4 upabhAgoM meM (jaina mahArASTrI, jaina zaurasenI, ardhamAgadhI aura cUlikA paizAcI meM) paryApta sAhitya upanibaddha hai, mahArASTrI prAkRta ko prAya: sabhI vaiyAkaraNoM ne (caNDa ko chor3akara) sAmAnya prAkRta ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| vaidika saMskRta (chAndas) ke sAtha prAkRta kA sAmya' chAndas saMskRta meM sAhityika prAkRta bhASA kI pravRttiyA~ bahutAyata se milatI haiN| jaise - 1. apavAda sthala adhika hone se donoM meM bahulam' sUtra kA pryog| ('bahulaM chandasi' 2.4.39, 73, 'bahulam' hema. 8.12) 2. prAkRta meM sarvatra aura vaidika saMskRta meM kahIM-kahIM dvivacana ke sthAna para bahuvacana kA prayoga milatA hai| jaise- vai0 mitrAvaruNA, azvinA, indraavrunnaa| prAkRta meM - nayaNA, hatthA aadi| 392

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zete 3. antya vyaJjana kA lopa prAkRta meM sarvatra (lopa na honepara svarabhakti yA anusvAra), vedoM meM kvacit / jaise - vai0 pazcAt pazcA, uccAt > uccA, nIcAt > nIcA / prAkRta meM-tAvat > tAva, yAvat > jAva, diz > dizA, zarad > sarao, bhagavAn > bhgvN| 4. dhAtuoM meM gaNabheda kA abhaav| jaise - laukika saMskRta vaidika saMskRta prAkRta hanti hanati haNati, haNai mriyate marate marate, garae bhinatti bhedati bhedati, bhedaI zayate sayate, seyae 5- Atmanepada-parasmaipada kA bheda nahIM hai| jaise - laukika saMskRta vaidika saMskRta prAkRta icchati icchati, icchate icchati, icchate yudhyate yudhyati, yudhyate jujjhati jujjhate 6. vartamAnakAla aura bhUtakAla ke kriyApadoM meM prayogoM kI aniymittaa| vai0 saMskRta - mriyate ke sthAna para 'mamAra' (vartamAna ke sthAna para prokssbhuut)| prAkRta-prekSAMcakre ke sthAna para pecchai (parokSa ke sthAna para vartamAna), zRNoti ke sthAna para sohIa (vartamAna ke sthAna para bhuutkaal)| 7. nAmarUpoM meM vibhakti vyatyaya, caturthI ke sthAna para SaSThI, tRtIyA ke sthAna para SaSThI yA sptmii| jaise - laukika saMskRta vaidika saMskRta prAkRta rAjJaH tasmAt 8. anya samAnatA ke bIja (dekheM, prAkRta mArgopadezikA, vecaradAsa jIvarAja doshii)| jaise - (1) svaramadhyavartI ka, ca kA lopa - vai. yAcAmi > yAmi / prA. zacI > sii| (2) saMyukta vyaJjanoM ke madhya meM svarAgama - vai. tanvam > tanuvam, svarga: > suvargaH, rAtryA > raatriyaa| prA. - laghvI > laghuvI, kriyA ) kiriyaa| (3) hrasva svara kA dIrgha honA aura dIrghasvara kA hrasva honaa| laukika saMskRta vaidika saMskRta prAkRta rAyo rAyo hariH harI harI vAyU vAyU / / / vAyu: yuvAm yuvam amAtra amatra durlabha dULabha vizvAsaH vizvAsaH vIsAso (4) hetvartha kRdanta ke pratyaya meM samAnatA - vai0 kartum > krtve| prA0 kaatve| (5) saMjJA zabda rUpoM ke pratyayoM kI samAnatA - vai0 devebhiH, ptinaa| prA0 devebhi, devehi, ptinaa| (6) R > ra, u, honA - vai0 vRnda > vunda, RSiSTam > rajiSTam / prA0 vRnda > vRnda, RSabha > usabha, Rddhi) riddhI, (7) anya parivartana - da Da, kSa > cha, spa, pha, ha) dha, dya > ja, i> la, aadi| (8) kriyAoM meM sImita lakAroM kA pryog| (6) vibhakti rUpoM meM vaikalpika rUpoM kA prayoga, aadi| saMskRta aura prAkRta meM samAnatA aura viSamatA prAkRta vyAkaraNa granthoM meM saMskRta ko prAkRta kI prakRti mAnakara kucha viSamatAoM ko batalAyA gayA hai jisase spaSTa hai ki una viSamatAoM ko chor3akara zeSa samAnatAyeM haiN| samAnatAyeM adhika hone se unheM chor3akara yahAM kucha pramukha viSamatAyeM draSTavya haiM 393

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saMskRta prAkRta 1. ai, au, RR lu, Sa, za, visarga, jihvAmUlIya, 1. ai Adi kA prayoga nhiiN| (mAgadhI meM Sa, sa > sh| mahArASTrI meM upadhmAnIya, pluta svara ke pryog| sarvatra 's')|eN, oM ina naI dhvaniyoM kA pryog| 2. uvRtta svara nahIM parantu prakRti evaM pragRhya saMjJA 2. udavRtta svaroM kI sthiti tathA unake hone para sandhyabhAva kA hone para sandhyabhAva kA vidhAna hai| vidhaan| 3. 'ya' zruti nhiiN| 3. 'ya' zruti (svara madhyavartI ka ga Adi kA lopa hone pr)| 4. caturthI vibhakti kA pryog| 4. caturthI ke sthAna para SaSTI kA pryog| 5. kAraka prayoga meM vyatyaya nhiiN| 5. kAraka prayoga meM vytyy| 6. eka, dvi aura bahuvacane kA pryog| 6. dvivacana chor3akara zeSa do vacanoM kA pryog| 7. parasmaipada - Atmanepada prayoga meM niymittaa| 7. parasmaipada prayoga kI bhultaa| 8. vyaJjanAnta pd-pryog| 8. koI vyaJjanAnta pada nhiiN| sabhI svarAnta pada haiN| 9. padAdi meM saMyukta vyaJjana haiN| 9. padAdi meM saMyukta vyaJjana nhiiN| 10. samAnavargIya aura asamAnavargIya saMyukta vyaJjanoM kA sdbhaav| 10. kevala samAnavargIya saMyukta vyaJjana haiN|asmaanvrgiiy saMyukta, vyaJjana nhiiN| 11. 'na' ke sthAna para 'Na' kA prayoga khAsa sthAna para hI hotA 11. sarvatra 'na' ke sthAna para 'Na', parantu tavarga ke sAtha na kA prayoga hotA hai| (padAdi meM na kA prayoga hemacanda ke mata se hotA hai, anyatra 'Na' hogaa| 12. 'na' kA niSedha arth| 12. 'na' kA niSedha aura 'sAdRzya' arth| 13. zabdarUpoM aura kriyArUpoM kI jttiltaa| 13. zabdarUpoM aura kriyArUpoM kA srliikrnn| 14. 'bahulam' sUtra kA prayoga nhiiN| 14. 'bahulam' sUtra kI prAya: sarvatra prvRtti| 15. saMskRta nATakoM meM ucca pAtroM kI bhaassaa| 15. saMskRta nATakoM meM striyoM aura nimna pAtroM kI bhaassaa| 16. bhASA saMzleSaNAtmaka hai| 16. saMzleSaNAtmaka hokara bhI vizleSaNAtmakatA kI ora jhukaav| 17. svaroM kA samAnupAtika pryog| 17. svaroM kA adhika prayoga honese kahIM-kahIM arthabheda meM dikkt| 18. bhUtakAla ke tIna bheda haiN| 18. bhUtakAla kA kevala eka prakAra raha gayA hai| 19. svaramadhyavartI ka ga ca ja ta da pa ya va' kA lopa nhiiN| 19. svaramadhyavartI ka ga Adi kA prAyaH lopa jisase kahIM-kahIM zabda ghisakara svaramAtra raha gae haiN| jaise Rtu > uu 20. svaramadhyavartI 'kha gha tha bha surakSita haiN'| 20. svaramadhyavartI 'kha gha tha bha ke sthAna para 'ha' dhvni| 21. svara madhyavartI 'Ta > Da, meM Tha > Dha' meM parivartita nahIM hote| 21. parivartana hotA hai / jaise - ghaTaH > ghaDo, paTha > pddh| hai| laukika saMskRta meM prAkRta ke bIja prAkRta zabdoM ke sAtha saMskRta ke una zabdoM kI samAnatA jinakA ullekha prAcIna saMskRta kozoM (amarakoza, hemacandra abhidhAna-nAmamAlA, puruSottamapraNIta dvirUpakoza, zabdaratnAkarakoza, zabdakalpadrumakoza Adi) meM milatA hai tathA jinakA prayoga prAcIna purohitoM kI paNDitAU saMskRta meM hotA thA jise avaidika saMskRta bhI kahA jAtA hai| jaise - (1)'a' lopa (alAvU > lAvU ; a> A (pati > pAti); a> i (kanduka > ginduka), A > a, i, a, i > e, I > e, R) ri, au> u| (2) vyaJjanoM meM antya vyaJjana lopa, (soman > soma, carmA ) carma); ka) ga, kha> ha, gha> ha, da > ja, Ta ) i, i> la, Na > la, ta ta > tha, ra; tha > dha, da > ta; pa > ba, va; bha > ba, ma > va, ya > ja. ra > la, va > ba, ma, za > sa; Sa> sa, ha) gh| (3) saMyukta vyaJjanoM meM - ka, da, ya, ra, la, va, sa lopa, anusvAragama, rtha, rbha, mra, rSa hra meM akAra yA ikArAgama (kamra > kamara), kSa> kha, kSa> ccha, tta TTa , tsa > ccha, zca > cha, zma > mbha, STra > Dha aadi| prAkRta sAhitya kI vividhatA aura vizeSatA vaidika saMskRta, laukika saMskRta aura prAkRta bhASAoM kA bhASAvijJAna kI dRSTi se paraspara kyA sambandha hai ? isakA vicAra kiyA gyaa| itanA vizeSa rUpa se jJeya hai ki saMskRta kI aisI koI bhI vidhA nahIM hai jisa para prAkRta meM sAhitya na likhA gayA ho| jaise - mahAkAvya, khaNDakAvya, caritakAvya, muktaka, campU, kathA, saTTaka (nATaka), zilAlekha, 394

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vyAkaraNa, darzana, adhyAtma, chanda, koza, alaGkAra aadi| isake atirikta saMskRta ke nATya sAhitya kA to adhikAMza bhAga prAkRta meM hI upanibaddha hai| nATya kI saTTakavidhA kevala prAkRta meM hai| bhASA kI madhuratA tathA bhAvAbhivyakti jitanI adhika prAJjala prAkRta meM hai utanI saMskRta meM nhiiN| isIlie saMskRta ke lakSaNa-granthoM meM prAkRta ke aneka udAharaNa prastuta kie gae haiN| AcArya rAjazekhara ne apane saTTaka (karpUramaMjarI) meM saMskRta aura prAkRta kI tulanA karate hue likhA hai - parusA sakkaabaMdhA pAuabaMdho vi hoi suumaaro| purisamahilANaM jetiamihaMtaraM tettiamimaannN||(1.8) deza kI prAcIna cintanadhArA, sadAcAra, saMskRti, itihAsa, kAvyakalA Adi kI saMvAhikA bhASAyeM prAkRta aura saMskRta haiN| Aja kI janabhASA kI kar3I vinA prAkRta aura saMskRta ke nahIM jor3I jA sakatI hai / bhASA kA prAcInatama rUpa bhI inhIM ke dvArA khojA jA sakatA hai| prAkRta bhASA ko saMskRta ke mAdhyama se prastuta karake prAkRta vyAkaraNa-lekhakoM ne eka bar3I galatI kI jisase prAkRta ke mUlarUpa meM bhrama ho gyaa| pAlivyAkaraNavat yadi prAkRta vyAkaraNa ko prAkRta meM prastuta kiyA hotA to acchA thaa| upasaMhAra : isa taraha donoM bhASAoM kI paraspara tulanA karane para nimna tathya prakaTa hote haiM - (1) donoM kA udgama srota eka hone se donoM sahodarA haiM, parantu saMskRta niyamAdi se saMskAra kI gaI bhASA hai aura prAkRta janabhASA kA pratinidhitva karatI hai| (2) laukika saMskRta tathA chAndas saMskRta meM prAkRta ke tattvoM kA samAveza hai| donoM bhASAoM ne eka dUsare ko prabhAvita kiyA hai| (3) prAkRta laukika saMskRta kI apekSA chAndas ke adhika nikaTa hai| (4) saMskRta nATakoM kA AdhA bhAga prAkRta kA hai, kahIM kahIM to 3/4 bhAga prAkRta hai / (5) upalabdha prAkRta vyAkaraNoM ke adhyayana ke lie saMskRta kA jJAna Avazyaka hai| (6) kAvyazAstra, darzanazAstra, zilAlekha Adi viSayoM se sambandhita sAhitya donoM bhASAoM meM hai| (7) Adhunika bhASAoM meM donoM bhASAoM ke tatsama aura tadbhava zabda pAe jAte haiM / (8) donoM saMzleSaNAtmaka bhASAyeM haiM parantu prAkRta meM viyogAtmakatA kI ora jhukAva parilakSita hotA hai| (9) saMskRta meM nAmarUpa, dhAturUpa Adi meM jaTilatA adhika hai jabaki prAkRta meM srliikrnn| (10) kathya bhASA kI dRSTi se prAkRta prAcIna hai parantu sAhityanibaddha bhASA kI dRSTi se saMskRta prAcIna hai| (11) saMskRta vyAkaraNa grantha saMskRta meM likhe gaye haiM jabaki prAkRta vyAkaraNa grantha prAkRta meM na likhakara saMskRta meM likhe gae haiN| (12) prAcIna dharma saMskRti, itihAsa, jyotiSa, gaNita, vijJAna, kalA Adi vividha viSayoM ke jJAnArtha donoM kA jJAna Avazyaka haiN| (13) prAkRta kI prakRti saMskRta mAnanA eka bhUla hai| vastutaH saMskRtajJoM ko prAkRta samajhAne ke lie prAkRta vaiyAkaraNoM kA vaha eka prayatnamAtra hai jisameM tadbhava zabdoM kI mAtra vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| (14) prAkRta meM jitanI vividharUpatA aura ArSa prayoga haiM utane saMskRta meM nahIM haiN| (15) saMskRta kevala vidvAnoM kI aura prAkRta kevala striyoM evaM nIca pAtroM kI bhASA nahIM thI apitu donoM eka dUsare kI bhASA ko samajhate the| dhArmika kAryoM, sAhityika prayogoM aura zAstra sabhA Adi meM saMskRta kA prayoga hotA thA aura sAmAnya vyavahAra meM prAkRta kaa| (16) pravarasena, rAjazekhara Adi saMskRta vidvAn prAkRta ke acche jJAtA the| ataH unhoMne prAkRta meM vipula sAhitya likhaa| (17) NatvavidhAna evaM mUrdhanya dhvaniyoM kI pravRtti dravir3a bhASA ke prabhAva se donoM meM AI hai| prAkRta para isakI prabhAva adhika hai| (18) vaidika sAhitya kevala saMskRta meM milatA hai jabaki zramaNa sAhitya prAkRta evaM saMskRta donoM meM milatA hai| (19) saMskRta kI apekSA prAkRta meM mAdhurya, bhAvAbhivyakti, vyaGgya evaM sAMsArika jIvana kI jhAMkI adhika spaSTa hai| (20) vyaJjanAnta prayogoM ko abhAva, asamAnavargIya saMyukta vyaJjanoM kA abhAva udavRtta svaroM kA prayoga, zruti Adi prAkRta kI vizeSatAyeM saMskRta meM nahIM haiN| (21) R, lu, ai, au, visarga prabhRti varNoM kA prayoga saMskRta meM to hai parantu prAkRta meM nahIM hai| sandarbha - 1. dekheM, merI pustaka 'prAkRta dIpikA' bhUmikA, pR. 7-9 2. rAjazekhara, bAlarAmAyaNa 48 3. guddvho| 4. rudraTakRta kAvyAlaGkAra 2.12 para AO nami sAdhu (11vIM zatAbdI) kI vyaakhyaa| 5. siddhahema-zabdAnuzAsana 8.1.1 395

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6. mArkaNDeya, prAkRtasarvasva 1.1 7. dhanika dazarUpakavRtti 2.60 8. karpUramaMjarI, 1.8,9 vAsudeva TIkA 9. lakSmIdhara SaDbhASAcandrikA, zloka 25 10. vAgbhaTAlaGkAra 2.2 TIkA siMhadeva gaNi 11. dekheM, merI pustaka prAkRta dIpikA, bhUmikA, pR. 12-13 12. mUla sandarbha ke lie dekheM, prAkRta mArgopadezikA, pR0 111-125 13. vahI, pR0 126-135 mahArASTrI prAkRta meM saMskRtastha mUla 'ya' varNa kA abhAva prAkRta vaiyAkaraNoM ne saMskRta ke zabdoM ko mUla mAnakara prAkRta bhASA kA anuzAsana kiyA hai| mahArASTrIprAkRta meM saMskRta ke mUlavarNa 'ya' kA abhAva hai kyoMki saMskRta zabdoM meM jahA~ bhI 'ya' varNa AtA hai usakA sAmAnyarUpa se-Adi varNa hone para 'ja' ho jAtA hai, saMyuktAvasthA meM tathA do svaroM ke madhya meM hone para lopa ho jAtA hai| sAhityika mahArASTrIprAkRta meM jahA~ kahIM bhI 'ya' varNa dikhalAI detA hai vaha mUla saMskRta kA 'ya' nahIM hai apitu lupta vyaJjana ke sthAna para hone vAlI laghuprayatnoccArita 'ya' dhvani (zruti - zrutisukhakara) hai| isakI puSTi prAkRta-vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM se tathA prAcIna lekhoM se hotI hai| mahArASTrIprAkRta meM varNa-lopa sarvAdhika huA hai jisase kahIM-kahIM svara hI svara raha gae haiN| mUla saMskRta ke 'ya' varNa meM hone vAle parivartana nimna haiM1. padAdi 'ya' ko 'ja' hotA hai| jaise--yazaH > jaso, yugmam > juggaM, yamaH > jamo; yAti > jAi, yathA > jahA, yauvanam > jovvaNaM / 'padAdi meM na hone para 'ja' nahIM hotA' isake udAharaNa ke rUpa meM AcArya hemacandra apanI vRtti meM avayavaH > avayavo aura vinayaH > viNao ina do udAharaNoM ko prastuta karate haiN| yahA~ 'vinaya' ke 'ya' kA lopa spaSTa hai jo Age ke niyama se ( do svaroM ke madhya hone se ) huA hai| avayava meM jo 'ya' dikhalAI par3a rahA hai vaha vastuta: 'ya' zruti vAlA 'ya' hai jo 'ya' lopa hone para huA hai| ata: isakA rUpa 'avaao' bhI hotA hai / yahA~ do svaroM ke madhyavartI 'ya' lopa meM tathA 'ya' zruti meM koI pratibandhaka kAraNa nahIM hai| yahIM AcArya hemacandra bahulAdhikAra se sopasarga anAdi pada meM bhI 'ya' ke 'ja' kA vidhAna bhI karate haiN| jaisesaMyamaH > saMjamo, saMyoga: > saMjogo, apayazaH > avajaso vararuci ne bhI isa sandarbha meM ayaza: > ajaso yaha udAharaNa diyA hai| hemacandra Age isakA pratiSedha karate hue (sopasarga 'ya' kA 'ja' nahIM hotA) prayogaH ) paoo udAharaNa prastuta karate haiM jisameM 'ya' kA lopa huA hai| yahIM para padAdi 'ya' lopa kA bhI udAharaNa ArSaprayoga ke rUpa meM diyA hai yathAkhyAtam > ahakkhAya; yathAjAtam > ahaajaayN| yaSTi' zabdasthita padAdi 'ya' ko 'la' vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| jaiseyaSTiH > ltttthii| khaDgayaSTi aura madhuyaSTi meM bhI ya ko la huA hai| jaise- khaggalaTThI, mahulaTThI / anyatra bhI 'ya' kA 'ja' hotA hai, isake udAharaNa Age vizeSa parivartana meM dikhlaayeNge| 2. svara-madhyavartI 'ya' kA lopa hotA hai| jaise-dayAluH ) dayAlU; nayanam ) nayaNaM (NayaNaM); viyogaH > vioo| ye tIna udAharaNa hemacandra ne 'ya' lopa ke die haiN| yahA~ 'dayAlU' aura 'nayaNaM' ina do udAharaNoM meM sthita 'ya' ko dekhakara lagatA hai mAno 'ya' lopa nahIM huA hai, mUla saMskRta kA 'ya' hI hai, jabaki sthiti yaha hai ki yahA~ dRzyamAna 'ya' laghuprayatnoccArita 'ya' zruti vAlA hai jo 'ya' lopa ke bAda 'a' uvRtta svara ke rahane para huA hai| isIlie ina donoM udAharaNoM ko hemacandra 'ya' zruti meM bhI dete haiN| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki svara madhyavartI 'ka, ga' Adi vargoM kA lopa to prAyaH hotA hai| parantu 'ya' kA nitya lopa hotA hai yadi koI anya parivartana na ho| 'ya' kI sthiti anya vargoM se bhinna hai| saMskRta se prAkRta meM parivartita hote samaya saMyukta vyaJjana vargoM ke balAbala ke sandarbha meM bhASA vaijJAnikoM ne 'ya' ko kamajora varNa mAnA hai| sirpha 'ra' hI aisA varNa hai jo 'ya' se kamajora batalAyA hai (la sa va ya ra kramaza: nirbltr)| parantu jaba 'ya' aura 'ra' kA saMyoga hotA hai 396

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taba vahA~ bhI 'ya' haTa jAtA hai athavA ya ko samprasAraNa (i) ho jAtA hai| jaise-bhAryA , bhajjA (bhAriA), saundaryam sundariaM, sundrN| isIlie hemacandrAcArya ne sUtra meM prayukta 'prAyaH' kI vyAkhyA karate hue vRtti meM lopAbhAva ke jo udAharaNa die haiM unameM 'ya' lopAbhAva kA eka bhI udAharaNa nahIM diyA hai jabaki 'ga' aura 'va' ke lopAbhAva ke tIna-tIna udAharaNa die haiM tathA zeSa vargoM ke lopAbhAva kA eka-eka udAharaNa diyA hai| vahA~ 'payAgajalaM' (prayAgajalam) jo udAharaNa diyA gayA hai vaha kramaprApta 'ga' lopAbhAva kA udAharaNa hai, na ki 'ya' lopAbhAva kaa| vararuci ne prAyaH zabda kI vyAkhyA meM 'ya' se sambandhita lopAbhAva kA eka udAharaNa diyaa| hai 'ayaza: ) ajso|" yahA~ 'ya' kA 'ja' huA hai| vastutaH yaha naJ samAsagata padAdi varNa hai| 3 'ya' zruti-'ka, ga' Adi vaNoM kA lopa hone para yadi vahA~ 'a, A' zeSa rahe tathA avarNa pare (pUrva meM) ho to lupta vyaJjana ke sthAna para laghu-prayatnatara 'ya' zruti bhI hotI hai| jaise-tIrthaGkaraH > titthayaro, titthaaro; nagaram > rayaraM, naaraM; kAcamaNi:> kAyamaNI:, rajatama > rayayaH, madanaH > mayaNo, maaNo; vipulam - viyulaM, viulaM; dayAluH>dayAlU; lAvaNyam > lAyaNaM / yaha 'ya' zruti niyama 'a' svara zeSa rahane para hI lAgU hotA hai, anya svara zeSa rahane para prAya: nahIM hotA hai| jaise-vAyU: > vAU, rAjIvam > raaiiv| kabhI-kabhI avarNa pUrva meM na rahane para bhI zruti hotI hai| jaise-pibti-piyi| vastuta: yaha jainamahArASTrI kI vizeSatA hai tathA vaikalpika hai| yahA~ eka bAta aura dhyAna dene yogya hai ki vararuci ne 'ya' zruti vidhAyaka sUtra nahIM banAyA hai| ata: unake dvArA prayukta udAharaNoM meM eka bhI 'ya' vAlA udAharaNa nahIM hai| mUla 'ya' aura laghuprayatnatara 'ya' varNa ke uccAraNa meM bhinnatA rahI hai, ata: donoM eka nahIM haiN| vastutaH yahA~ 'ya' zruti kahane kA yahI tAtparya hai jo sunane meM 'ya' jaisA lage, vastutaH 'ya' na ho, saMskRta vaiyAkaraNoM ne ise adhika spaSTa kiyA hai| 4. samprasAraNa-'ya' kI gaNanA ardhasvaroM meM kI jAtI hai| ata: kabhI-kabhI saMyukta aura asaMyukta ubhaya avasthAoM meM 'ya' kA samprasAraNa (ya > i) ho jAtA hai| jaise-corayati > corei ( cora+ iti > ii= corei ), kathayati > kahei, vyatikrAntam vIikkataM, pratyanIkam > paDiNIyaM, saundaryam > sundriaN| 5. saMyukta 'ya' kA lopa- saMyukta 'ya' kA lopa hotA hai| prAkRta kI prakRti ke anusAra prAkRta meM bhinnavargIya saMyukta vyaJjana nahIM pAe jAte / unameM se yA to eka kA lopa karake aura dUsare kA dvitva karake samAnIkaraNa kara diyA jAtA hai yA svrbhkti| jaise-lopa-mantra > manta, zastra > sattha, abhyantara > abhyNtr| svarabhakti-smaraNa > sumaraNa, dvAra > duvaar| yaha svarabhakti prAyaH antaHstha yA anunAsika vargoM ke saMyukta hone para hI dekhI jAtI hai| 6. saMyukta 'ya' kA prabhAva-(ka) yadi saMyukta varNa samAna bala vAle hote haiM to pUrvavartI varNa kA lopa karake paravartI varNa kA dvittva kara diyA jAtA hai| yadi asamAna bala vAle varNa hote haiM to kama balavAle kA lopa karake anya varNa kA dvitva kara diyA jAtA hai| jaise-utpalam > uppalaM, kAvyam > kavvaM, zalyam > sallaM, vayasya > vaassa, avazyam > avassaM, cANakya > caannkk| (kha) yadi lopa hone para dvitIya yA caturtha varNa kA dvittva hotA hai to pUrvavartI varNa ko kramazaH prathama yA tRtIya varNa meM badala diyA jAtA hai / jaise-vyAkhyAnam > vakkhANaM, abhyantara > abbhNtr| (ga) USmAdeza-USma aura antaHstha varNoM kA saMyoga hone para antaHstha ko USmAdeza hotA hai (ya ra va za Sa sa ina vargoM kA lopa hone para yadi inake pahale yA bAda meM za Sa sa varNa hoM to usa sakAra ke Adi svara ko dvitvAbhAva pakSa meM dIrghakara diyA jAtA hai)| jaise ziSyaH-sIso, (gha) tAlavyAdeza-tya thya dya dhya ko kramaza: ca cha ja jha Adeza hote haiN| pazcAt dvittvAdi kaary| jaise-atyantam ) accntN| pratyakSam ) paccakkhaM, mithyA > micchA, rathyA > racchA, udyAnam > ujjANaM, vidyA > vijjA, upAdhyAyaH ) uvjjhaao| (Ga) Adi varNa ke saMyukta hone para kamajora varNa kA lopamAtra hotA hai, dvittva nhiiN| yadi kamajora varNa kA lopa nahIM hotA hai to svarabhakti kara dI jAtI hai / jaise-nyAyaH > NAyo, svabhAvaH > sahAvo, vyatikaraH ) baiyaro, jyotsnA ) joNhA, tyajati > cayai, zyAmA > sAmA, sneha: > saNeho, syAt > siyA, jyA > jiiaa| 7. vizeSa parivartanaH (jahA~ 'ya' bhinna-bhinna rUpoM meM parivartita huA hai) 397

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(ka) yajja-uttarIya zabda meM, anIya, nIya tathA kRdanta ke 'ya' pratyaya ko vikalpa se jja hotA hai| jaise-uttarIyam > uttarijjaM, uttarIaM, karaNIyam ) karaNijjaM, karaNIaM, yApanIyam javaNijjaM, javaNIaM, dvitIyaH > biijjo, biio| tRtIyaH > taijjo, taio, preyA > pejjA, peaa| (kha) ya ha-parachAIM artha meM chAyA zabda ke 'ya' ko vikalpa se 'ha' hotA hai| jaise vRkSasya chAyA > vacchassa chAhI vacchassa chaayaa| kAnti artha meM nahIM huaa| jaise- mukhacchAyA > muhcchaayaa| (ga) ya, va, Aha (DAha)-'katipaya zabda ke 'ya' ko paryAyakrama se 'Aha' aura 'va' Adeza hote haiN| jaise- katipayam > kaivAhaM, kiavN| (gha) ya la-yaSTi' ke 'ya' ko 'la hotA hai| jaise-yaSTiH > laTThI / (Ga) ya> ta- 'tuma' artha meM 'yuSmad' zabda ke 'ya' ko 'ta hotA hai| jaise- yuSmAdRzaH > tumhAriso, yuSmadIyaH > tumhkero| 'tuma' artha na hone para 'ta' nahIM hogaa| jaise-yuSmadasmatprakaraNam (amuka-tamuka se sambandhita) > jumh-dmhpyrnnN| (ca) ya , svarasahita lopa- 'kAlAyasa' ke 'ya' kA vikalpa se akArasahita lopa hotA hai| jaise-kAlAyasam > kAlAsaM, kAlAasaM, kisalayam > kisalaM kislaN| (cha) stya Tha-'styAna' ke 'stya' ko 'Tha vikalpa se hotA hai| jaise-styAnam > ThINaM, thiinnN| (ja)nya ja, Jja- abhimanyu ke 'nya' ko 'ja'"Jja' Adeza vikalpa se hote haiN| jaise-ahimajjU, ahimaJju ahimnnu| (jha)thya cha-hrasva svara pare rahate 'thya' ko 'cha' hotA hai| jaise-pathyam > pacchaM, mithyA > micchA, sAmarthyam > sAmacchaM (sAmatthaM bhI hotA hai)| () thya->ca-ArSa prAkRta meM thya ko ca hotA hai| tathyam > tccN| (Ta) yya, rya dya) jja- yya, rya aura dya ko 'jja' hotA hai| jaise- jayya > jajjo, zayyA ) sejjA, bhAryA ) bhajjA (bhAriA), kAryam- kajjaM, paryAyaH > pajjAo sUryaH > sujjo, maryAdA > majjAyA, madyam > majjaM, vedyaH > vejjo, dyutiH > juii| (Tha)rya > ra (ja kA apavAda)- brahmacarya, tUrya, saundarya aura zauNDIrya ke 'ya' ko 'ra' hotA hai jaise-brahmacaryam > bahmaceraM, tUryam > turaM, saundaryam > sundaraM (sundariaM), zauNDIryam > sonnddiirN| ['eta' pare rahate - paryantaH > peranto (pjjnto)]| (Da) rya, raM - dhairya ke 'rya' ko 'raM' vikalpa se hotA hai| jaise-dhairyam - dhIraM, dhijj| [eta pare rahate-Azcaryam > accheraM] / (Dha)rya : ria, ara, rijja, rIa-Azcarya zabda meM vikalpa se 'rya' ko 'ria' Adi Adeza hote haiN| jaise-acchariaM, acchaaraM, accharijjaM, acchrii|| (Na)rya) lla paryasta, paryANa aura saukumArya zabdoM ke rya' ko 'lla hotA hai| jaise-paryastam ) pallaTTe, pallatthaM; paryANam / pallANaM; saukumAryam > soamllN| (palyata > pallaGka paliaMka ye bhinna-prakriyA ke udAharaNa haiN)| (ta)dhya, hya jh| jaise-dhyAnam > jhANaM, upAdhyAyaH > uvajjhAo, badhyate > vajjhae, svAdhyAyaH > sajjhAo, mahyam > majjhaM, guhyam > gujjhaM, nahyati > Najjhai, sahyam > sajhaM, anugrAhyA > annugejjhaa| upasaMhAra isa taraha hama dekhate haiM ki mahArASTrIprAkRta meM saMskRta ke mUla 'ya' varNa kA abhAva hai| usameM laghuprayatnoccArita 'ya' zruti rUpa se jo 'ya varNa dikhalAI detA hai vaha jaina mahArASTrI kA paravartI prabhAva hai| yaha 'ya' zruti vastuta: mUla 'ya varNa nahIM hai apitu tatsadRza sunAI par3anevAlI bhinna dhvani hai jise laghuprayatnoccArita zruti kahA gayA hai aura jo 'a' udvRttasvara (lupta dhyaJjana vAlA svara) ke sthAna para hotI hai| saMskRta vaiyAkaraNa pANini Adi ne bhI 'ya' aura laghuprayatnoccArita 'ya' meM bheda kiyA hai| jina saMskRta zabdoM meM 'ya' varNa pAyA jAtA hai ve mahArASTrIprAkRta meM parivartita hote samaya 'ya'-vihIna ho jAte haiN| padAdi meM, padAnta meM tathA saMyuktAvasthA meM to 'ya' varNa dikhalAI hI nahIM par3atA hai| yadi kahIM dikhalAI detA bhI hai to vaha do svaroM ke madhya meM, vaha bhI avarNa pare avarNa svara ke sAtha jahA~ 'ya' zruti ho sakatI hai| ata: zaMkA aise sthaloM para hI 398

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avaziSTa rahatI hai| isa sandarbha meM nimna hetuoM se usa zaMkA kA nivAraNa kara lenA cAhie(1) hemacandra ne svaramadhyavartI 'ya' lopa ke jo do udAharaNa (dayAlu aura nayaNaM) die haiM unameM 'ya' vidyamAna hai jo vahA~ 'ya' lopa ke bAda punaH hone vAlI 'ya' zruti kA dyotaka hai, mUla yakAra kA nhiiN| (2) hemacandra 'prAyaH' kI vyAkhyA karate samaya 'ya' lopAbhAva kA eka bhI udAharaNa nahIM dete jabaki 'ka, ga' Adi ke lopAbhAva ke udAharaNa dete haiN| (3) vararuci ne jo 'ya' lopAbhAva kA udAharaNa diyA hai vahA~ bhI ya ja meM parivartita ho gayA hai| (4) vararuci ne mahArASTrIprAkRta meM na to 'ya' zruti kA vidhAna kiyA hai aura na 'ya' yukta kisI pada ko udAharaNa ke rUpa meM apane grantha meM diyA hai| hemacandra jahA~ 'ya' zruti kA prayoga karate haiM vahA~ vararuci udvRtta 'a' kA prayoga karate haiN| hemacandra se vararuci pUrvavartI haiN| 'ya' zruti bAda kA vikAsa hai| ata: 'ya' kA nitya lopa honA caahie| (5) saMskRta vyAkaraNa meM bhI laghuprayatnoccArita 'ya' kA ullekha milatA hai jisase 'ya' zruti kI mUla 'ya' se bhinnarUpatA siddha hotI hai| (6) prAcIna mahArASTrIsAhityika bhASA meM 'ya' zruti kA prayoga nahIM hai| 'ya' zruti sukhoccAraNArtha AI hai jisakI dhvani 'ya' se milatI-julatI hai, parantu 'ya nahIM hai| ataH zruti zabda kA prayoga usake sAtha kiyA gayA hai, 'ya' hotA hai aisA nahIM kahA gyaa| (7) 'ya' kA nityalopa hotA hai aisA na kahane kA kAraNa hai 'ya' meM hone vAle vibhinna parivartanoM ko batalAnA tathA sUtroM ko laghurUpatA denaa| (8) 'ra' jo ki sabase kamajora varNa hai usake sAtha saMyukta hone para bhI 'ya' yA to 'i' svara meM badala jAtA hai yA haTa jAtA hai aura 'ra' raha jAtA hai| (9) samAnavargIya varNa saMyuktAvasthA meM pAe jAte haiM parantu do y saMyukta (y+y) bhI nahIM pAe jAte / antaHstha la aura va svavargIya varNa ke sAtha saMyukta pAe jAte haiN| (10) 'ya' ke sAtha kahIM bhI svarabhakti nahIM dekhI jaatii| 'ta' zruti kA bhI vidhAna hai anya prAkRta meN| ina sabhI sandarbho se siddha hai ki mahArASTrIprAkRta meM mUla saMskRta ke 'ya' varNa kA sarvathA abhAva hai| mAgadhI Adi prAkRta bhASAoM kI sthiti bhinna hai| mAgadhI meM na kevala mUla 'ya' pAyA jAtA hai apitu vahA~ 'ja' kA bhI 'ya' hotA hai| sandarbha - 1. Aderyo jaH / hema0 8.1.245 / vara0 2. 31 2. hema0 8.1.245 vRtti| 3. vahI, vRtti 4. vara0 2.2 5. hema 8.1.245 vRtti| 6. vhii| 7. yaTyAM laH / vara0 2. 32 tathA vRtti (bhaamhkRt)| hema0 8.1.247 8. kagacajatadapayavAM prAyo luk / hema0 8.1.177 / vara0 2.2 9. avarNo yazrutiH / hema0 8.1.180 10. prAkRta-dIpikA, pR0 16 11. vara0 2.2 vRtti 12. hema0 8. 1. 180 13. vyorlaghuprayatnatara: shaakttaaynsy| aSTAdhyAyI 8.3.18 padAntayorvakArayakArayorlaghuccAraNau vayau vA sto'zi pre| yasyoccAraNe jihvAgropAgramadhyamUlAnAM zaithilyaM jAyate sa laghUccAraNaH / vahI, bhaTTojidIkSitavRtti / laghuH prayatnaH yasyoccAraNe sa laghuprayatnaH / atizayita: laghuprayatnaH lghuprytntrH| prayatne laghutaratvaM caiSAM zaithilyajanakatvameva / / 14. prAkRta dIpikA, pR08 399

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15. balAbala kA nimna krama svIkRta hai - (ka) varga ke prathama cAra varNa-sabase adhika balavAn parantu paraspara samAna blvaale| (kha) varga ke paJcama varNa-prathama cAra varSoM se kama bala vAle parantu paraspara samAna bala vaale| (ga) la sa va ya ra- sabase kama bala vAle tathA kramazaH nirbltr| 16. tyathyadyAM ca cha j| 17. vottarIyAnIya-nIyakRye jya: / hema0 8. 1. 248 18. chAyAyAM ha kAntau vaa| hema0 8. 1. 249 19. DAha vau ktipye| hema 8, 1.250 20. yaSTyAM laH / vara0 2.32 tathA vRtti bhaamhkRt| hema0 8-1-247 21. yuSmadyarthapare taH / hema0 8. 1. 246 22. vara0 4.3 tathA vRtti 23. styAna-caturthArthe vaa| hema0 8.2.33 24. abhimanyau jaJjau vaa| hema0 8.2.25 25. hrasvAt thy-shc-ts-psaamnishcle| hema0 8.2.21 tathA vRtti| sAmotsukotsave vaa| hema0 8.2.22 26. vahI 27. dyayyaryAM jaH / hema0 8.2.24 28. brahmacarya-tUrya-saundarya-zauNDIrye ryo ra: / hema 08.2.63 / etaH prynte| hema 08.2.65 29. dhairye vaa| hema0 8.2.64 / Azcarye / hema0 8.2.66 30. ato riaar-rijj-riiaN| hema 08.2.67 31. paryasta-paryANa-saukumArye lla: / hema 0 8.2.68 32. sAdhvasa dhya-hyAM jhH| hema0 8.2.26 kyA bauddhadarzana meM AtmA aura punarjanma hai ? bhagavAna buddha kA janma 563 I.pU. huA thaa| unatIsa varSa kI Ayu meM ve gRhatyAga kara satya kI khoja meM nikala pdd'e| unhoMne aneka guruoM se dhyAna, yoga sIkhA kintu unheM zAnti nahIM milii| bAda meM cha: varSoM kI sAdhanA ke bAda gayA meM nirvANa kA mArga milA gyaa| unhoMne sAranAtha-vArANasI ke RSipattana mRgadAva meM paJcavargIya bhikSuoM ko prathama upadeza dekara dharmacakra pravartana kiyaa| aisA kahA jAtA hai ki bhagavAna buddha ke samaya meM 62 andhavizvAsoM ke mata pracalita the| isI kAla meM jainadharma meM 363 matavAdoM kA ullekha milatA hai| bhagavAna buddha ke upadeza ko unake anuyAyiyoM ne vibhinna prakAra se vyAkhyAyita kiyA jisase vaha aThAraha matavAdoM meM vibhakta ho gyaa| kucha matavAda isa prakAra hai- sthaviravAda (theravAda), mahIzAsaka, sarvAstivAda, hemAvata, vAtsIputrIya, sautrAntika aadi| bauddha darzana ke vibhAjana kA dvitIya prakAra hInayAna aura mahAyAna ke rUpa meM hai| hInayAna bauddha darzana kA prArambhika rUpa (prAcInatama rUpa) hai jisameM vyaktigata nirvANa ko mahattva diyA gayA hai| mahAyAna zabda kA artha hai- bar3I gAr3I isameM vyakti kI apekSA sAmUhika samAja kalyANa para mahattva diyA gayA hai| hInayAna kA pracAra laGkA, thAIlaiNDa va varmA meM huA aura mahAyAna kA pracAra jApAna, koriyA meN| bauddhadarzana ke pramukha siddhAnta ve siddhAnta jo sabhI bauddhAnuyAyioM ko mAnya haiM - cAra Arya satya aura madhyama mArga bhagavAn buddha ne bodhilAbha ke bAda madhyama mArga (do antoM kA tyAga) ko yathArtha batalAyA arthAt indriya sukhoM kI ati Asakti prathama anta hai tathA saMsAra se virakta hokara atIndriya svargAdi sukha kI kAmanA se kaThora kaSTadAyaka tapazcaraNa dUsarA anta hai| ina donoM antoM meM Asakti (kAmanA) kA sAmrAjya hai| ina donoM antoM ke bIca kA mArga madhyama 400

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mArga hai| yaha madhyama mArga hI cAra Arya satyoM kA sahI mArga hai- (1) duHkha, (2) duHkha-samudAya, (3) duHkhanirodha aura (4) duHkhanirodha maarg| isameM na to strI-puruSa liGga kA aura na ucca-nIca jAti kA bhedabhAva hai| koI bhI isa mArga se nirvANa ko prApta kara sakatA hai| nirvANa ko unhoMne duHkhoM kI paramparA (janma-maraNa kI dvAdazanidAnarUpa kAraNakArya paramparA) kA nirodha mAtra batalAyA, use sukhaprApti kA sthAna nahIM khaa| isake lie unhoMne kSaNikavAda (anityavAda), anIzvaravAda tathA anAtmavAda (AtmA kI nityatA kA niSedha) kA sahArA liyaa| unhoMne anubhava kiyA yadi sRSTikartA Izvara mAnA jAyegA to vaha bhI hamArI taraha rAgI-dveSI hogaa| yadi saMsAra ke padArthoM ko kUTastha nitya mAnA jAyegA to dRzyamAna parivartana tathA bandha-mokSa kI vyavasthA nahIM ho skegii| jo Aja jaisA hai vaha kala bhI vaisA hI rahegA jo pratyakSa viruddha hai| isI taraha yadi AtmA ko nitya mAnA jAyegA to hama kabhI bhI donoM antoM (ihalaukika aura pAralaukika sukhabhogoM) kI Asakti (kAmanA, rAga, icchA, tRSNA, moha Adi) se virakta nahIM kara skeNge| jahA~ Asakti hai vahA~ duHkha hai aura Asakti (indriya sukhoM kI athavA atIndriya sukhoM kI)ke rahane para duHkhanirodha sambhava nahIM hai| isIlie unhoMne AtmA kI bhI nityatA tathA usakI svatantra sattA kA niSedha kiyA parantu vijJAna kI santAna-paramparA mAnakara tathA punarjanma Adi ko svIkAra karake prakArAntara se na hote hue bhI AtmA kI svatantra sattA ko jainoM kI taraha mAna liyaa| jaina AtmA ko paryAya dRSTi se kSaNika mAnakara bhI dravyadRSTi se nitya mAnate haiN| isI taraha bauddhoM ko bhI santAna-paramparA kI dRSTi se nityatA mAnanA par3egI kyoMki aisA mAne binA unake siddhAnta (saMskAra rUpa karmavAda, punarjanma, buddha kI mahAkaruNA, duHkhanirodha-mArga kI AvazyakatA Adi) nirarthaka ho jaayeNge| vijJAnAdvaitavAda kA AlayavijJAna to isI dizA meM saGketa de rahA hai| trikriyAvAda bhI yahI kaha rahA hai| trikriyAvAda se to avatAravAda (IzvarAvatAravAda) kI gandha bhI AtI hai| cAra Aryasatya saMsAra meM sabhI prANI 'tRSNA' ke kAraNa atRpta haiM, ataH duHkhI haiN| icchAyeM ananta haiM jo kabhI pUrNa nahIM hotii| icchAoM kA honA hI duHkha hai| saMsAra duHkha rUpa hai aisA sabhI AdhyAtmika darzana svIkAra karate haiN| ina duHkhoM kA eka kAraNa-kArya paramparA hai kyoMki koI bhI kArya binA kAraNa ke nahIM hotA hai| isIlie bhagavAn buddha ne apane cAra Arya satyoM meM se prathama do satya batalAe- duHkha aura duHkha smudaay| pratItyasamutpAda (madhyamA pratipadA)- bhagavAn buddha ne dvitIya Arya satya duHkha samudAya ko kAraNa samudAya kahA hai| yahI kAraNa-kArya zRGkhalA, 'dvAdazanidAna', pratItyasamutpAda tathA janma-maraNa cakra bhI kahalAtI hai| pratyaya arthAt kAraNa se kArya kI utpatti kA niyama pratItyasamutpAda hai, jo bauddhadarzana kA AdhArastambha hai| yaH pratItyasamutpAdaM pazyatIdaM sa pshyti| duHkhaM samudayaM caiva nirodhamArgameva c|| - mA.kA. 24.40 saMkhyA meM bAraha hone se 'dvAdazanidAna' kahalAte haiM jo nimna prakAra hai - (1) avidyA (ajJAna yA moh)| (2) saMskAra (kuzala-akuzala karma/pUrvajanma kI kmvsthaa)| (3) vijJAna (cetnaa)| (4) nAmarUpa (pnyc-skndh)| (5) SaDAyatana (pA~ca indriyA~ aura mn)| (6) sparza (indriya-mana-viSaya kA sNyog)| (7) vedanA (sukha-duHkhAdi kA anubhv)| (8) tRSNA (viSaya-bhoga-Asakti/avidyA ke bAda yahI janma meM pramukha kAraNa hai) (9) upAdAna (viSaya sAmagrI kA grahaNa/isameM AtmopAdAna bhI hai, use nitya mAnakara Asakti/ ye 4 haiM- kAma, dRSTi, zIlavrata aura aatmaa)| (10) bhava (isa janma ke krm)| (11) jAti (janma- zarIra dhAraNa kI kriyA yA paJcaskandhoM kA sphurnn)| (12) jarA-maraNa (bRddhAvasthA) aura mRtyu/skandhoM kA TUTanA jIvitendriya kA uccheda maraNa hai)| 401

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ina 12 bhedoM meM prathama avidyA aura saMskAra atIta jIvana se sambandhita haiM, antima do bhaviSya jIvana se tathA yavartI vartamAna jIvana se| inameM pUrvavartI kAraNa haiM aura uttaravartI kArya haiN| yadi janma kI zakalA ko tor3anA hai to bhava ke pratyayoM kA uccheda karanA hogA arthAt bhava ke nirodha se upAdAna, tRSNA Adi sabhI pratyayoM kA uccheda ho jaayegaa| pratItya-samutpAda ko madhyamA-pratipadA (nityatA tathA ucchinnatA se rahita) bhI kahate haiN| aSTAGgamArga yA ratnatraya (duHkhanirodha mArga ) jisa taraha duHkha hai to du:kha ke kAraNa haiM usI taraha duHkhoM se nivRtti (nirvANa) hai aura usa duHkha nivRtti ke upAya (kAraNa) bhI haiN| duHkha nivRtti ke lie aSTAGgamArga kA anusaraNa Avazyaka hai| isake kramaza: ATha aGga haiM(1) samyag dRSTi (yathArtha dRSTi, kSaNika dRSTi, Arya satya dRSTi) / (2) samyak saGkalpa (dRr3ha nizcaya, prANimAtra ke prati karuNA va prema) (3) samyag vAk (yathArtha vacana yA satya bolanA) (4) samyak karmAnta (pApa karmoM ko tyAgakara sadAcaraNa karanA) (5) samyag AjIva (pApa kriyAoM ko chor3akara ahiMsaka vastuoM dvArA AjIvikA kA nirvAha karanA) (6) samyag vyAyAma (bure karmoM kA tyAga va zubha vicAroM kA samAdara/ yathArtha puruSArtha) (7) samyak smRti (yathArtha cintana/satat jAgarUkatA) (8) samyak samAdhi (kuzala-citta kI ekAgratA) ina ATha aGgoM meM prathama do prajJA se, antima do samAdhi se tathA madhyavartI cAra zIla se sambandhita haiN| prajJA, zIla aura samAdhi ko triratna' bhI kahA jAtA hai, kyoMki ye nirvANa meM ratnavat upAdeya (grAhya) hai| yaha AcaraNa kA mArga hai| isI se tRSNA kA nirodha hotA hai| pazcAt kramazaH srotApanna (pravAha meM praveza) sakRdAgAmI (eka janmamAtra), anAgAmI aura arhatva ko prApta karatA hai| nAmarUpAtmaka paJcaskandha (AtmA) bauddhadarzana ke anusAra vyakti nAmarUpAtmaka paJcaskandhoM kA samudAya hai| jaise ratha kI sattA rathAGgoM kI sattA se bhinna nahIM hai, usI prakAra AtmA kI sattA paJcaskandhoM se bhinna nahIM hai| vyakti do avasthAoM kA puJja hai- zArIrika (rUpa) aura mAnasika (naam)| ina donoM avasthAoM ko nAmarUpa kahate haiN| sthUla puJja (bhautika zarIra) 'rUpa' kahalAtA hai aura sUkSmapuJja 'nAma' kahalAtA hai| nAma cAra avasthAoM vAlA hai- vedanA, saMjJA, saMskAra aura vijJAna / paJcaskandhoM kA svarUpa nimna prakAra hai(1) rUpa skandha - pRthvI, jala, teja aura vAyu ye cAra mahAbhUta rUpa skandha kahalAte haiN| inase sattva (jIva) kI zArIrika saMracanA hotI hai| (2) vedanA skandha - sukha, duHkhAdi anubhUtiyoM ko vedanA kahate haiN| madhura Adi rasoM kA vedana bhI vedanA hai| (3) saMjJA skandha - guNoM ke AdhAra para vastu kA naamkrnn| yaha pahacAna yA paricaya hI saMjJA skandha hai| saMjJA rAga-dveSa ke udaya meM nimitta hai| (4) saMskAra skandha - kuzala-akuzala, dharma-adharma rUpa saMskAra skandha haiN| ye 3 prakAra ke haiM- kAyasaMskAra (zvAsaprazvAsa), vAk saMskAra aura citta sNskaar| (5) vijJAna skandha - bAhya aura Abhyantara (caitanya, ahaM, maiM) kA jJAna-vijJAna skandha hai| vijJAna santAna hI anya darzanoM meM AtmA hai| AtmA ko bhagavAn buddha ne avyAkRta, aprayojanIya kahA hai| vijJAnAdvaitavAdiyoM ne vijJAna ke do bheda kie haiM- Alaya vijJAna aura pravRtti vijnyaan| manovijJAna, tarka-vitarka rUpa hai| ina pA~coM skandhoM se rUpa sthUla hai zeSa sUkSma haiM, jo kramaza: sUkSma se sUkSmatara hote jAte haiN| vastutaH vijJAna vijAnana ko kahate haiN| pUrvajanma ke kie gae kuzala yA akuzala karmoM ke vipAka svarUpa cittadhArAyeM prakaTa hotI haiM, jinake kAraNa hI prANI viSayoM ko jAnatA hai| kSaNikavAda (anityavAda) pratyeka vastu prathama kSaNa meM utpanna hokara dvitIya kSaNa meM anya ko utpanna kara naSTa ho jAtI hai| nitya yA sanAtana kucha bhI nahIM hai| pratyeka vastu eka kSaNa hI ThaharatI hai, dvitIyAdi kSaNoM meM tadAkAra anya-anya vastu utpanna hotI rahatI hai| 402

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usakI isa santAna paramparA ko dekhakara loga use nitya samajha lete haiN| bauddhadarzana meM arthakriyAkAritva (kAryotpAdana kA sAmarthaya) ko hI 'sat' kahA gayA- 'artha kriyAkAritvaM sat' nityatA meM arthakriyA sambhava nahIM hai| pratItyasamutpAda ( hetu-pratyayavAda) isakA artha hai- 'asmin sati idaM bhavati, asmin asati idaM na bhavati' (vizuddhimagga 17.11) arthAt kAraNa ke rahane para kArya kA utpanna honA aura kAraNa ke na rahane para kArya kA na honaa| yaha kAraNotpannatA aura arthakriyAkAritA hI sabhI vastuoM kI aura dharmoM kI kSaNabhaMguratA (anityatA) siddha karatI hai| jisa prakAra dIpaka kI prathama kSaNavartI zikhA dUsarI zikhA ko utpanna karake naSTa ho jAtI hai, usI taraha eka saMskAra (yA smRti) anya saMskAra ko utpanna kara naSTa ho jAtA hai| yaha pravAha nirantara calatA rahatA hai| isI se nityatA kA bhrama hotA hai| isI prakAra karma aura karmaphala kI paramparA calatI rahatI hai| yaha pravAha bhI kSaNika hai| yahA~ sattA ke astittva kA niSedha nahIM hai apitu usakI satata-nityatA kA niSedha hai| anityatA hone para bhI usakI santati banI rahatI hai| anAtmavAda aura punarjanma kA siddhAnta bauddhadarzana meM AtmavAda ko 'satkAyadRSTi' kahA hai| nitya aura apariNAmI AtmA ko svIkAra karanA 'satkAyadRSTi hai| jaba taka yaha satkAyadRSTi rahegI taba taka na to rAga-dveSa (mamakAra) chUTegA aura na nirvANa (mokSa) hogaa| nirvANa prApti ke lie saba prakAra kI kAmanAoM (ahaM bhAva, AtmabhAva, viSaya-vAsanAoM) kA tyAga Avazyaka hai| isIlie bhagavAn buddha ne anAtmavAda kA upadeza diyA kyoMki AtmA ke sukha ke lie hI saba prakAra kI aihalaukika aura pAralaukika kAmanAyeM hotI haiN| yahA~ anAtmavAda se tAtparya hai 'AtmasantativAda' yA vijJAna santativAda yA caitanya santativAda arthAt jaise anya padArtha pratikSaNa navIna-navIna rUpoM meM parivartita hote rahate haiM, usI prakAra Atmatattva bhI pratikSaNa navIna-navIna rUpoM meM parivartita hotA rahatA hai| usakI santati calatI rahatI hai| yahA~ yaha dhyAna rakhanA jarUrI hai ki caitra kI santati meM caitra kI santati ko hI karma kA phala milegA anubhUta viSaya kI smRti hogI, maitra kI santati ko nhiiN| maitra ke anubhava kI smRti maitra kI santati meM hI hogI, caitra kI santati meM nhiiN| kyoMki caitra kI buddhi maitra kI buddhi se atyanta bhinna dhArA hai| yadi aisA nahIM mAnA jAyegA to karmaphala vyavasthA, smRti, pratyabhijJAna, punarjanma vagairaha kucha bhI sambhava nahIM hogaa| guru-ziSya, pitA-putra, pati-patnI ke madhya eka-santAna-paramparA nahIM banatI kyoMki ye sabhI paraspara atyanta bhinna haiN| upAdAna kAraNa meM hI eka santAnatA hotI hai| kyoMki unameM upAdAna-upAdeya bhAva sambandha hai, sahakArI kAraNoM meM eka santAnatA nahIM hotii| jaise miTTI se ghar3A banane meM miTTI upAdana kAraNa hai, kumbhakAra Adi nhiiN| Atma-vijJAna yA caitanya kI anivAryatA bhagavAn buddha vastutaH AtmA ko 'avyAkRta' aura 'aprayojanIya' mAnate the| unakA kahanA thA ki yadi kisI ko kA~TA cubha gayA hai to usako nikAlane ke bAre meM socanA cAhiye, na ki ye kA~TA kisakA hai, kise lagA, kyoM lagA Adi? isI taraha saMsAra meM jIva (pudgala) du:khoM se pIr3ita haiN| ata: unake du:khoM ko dUra karane kA upAya socanA caahie| AtmA kI nityatA kA niSedha karake bhI unhoMne punarjanma ko svIkAra kiyA hai| mahAyAna ke anusAra buddha ne janakalyANArtha paramakAruNikatAvaza kaI avatAra (janma) lie aura vyaktigata nirvANa kI upekSA kii| AtmA ke kSaNika hone para bhI usakI santati kA pravAha avicchinna rUpa se saMsArAvasthA meM calatA rahatA hai isIlie smRti, pratyabhijJAna, punarjanma, nirvANa Adi kI vyavasthA bana pAtI hai| santati ko kathaJcit nitya na mAnane para punarjanma kaise sambhava hai? isake uttara meM bhadanta nAgasena rAjA milinda se kahate haiN| jaise eka yuvaka vRddhAvasthA ke Ane para na to vahI rahatA hai aura na anya ho jAtA hai, vaise hI jo punarjanma grahaNa karatA hai vaha na to vahI rahatA hai aura na sarvathA anya ho jAtA hai| vastutaH nAmarUpAtmaka santatipravAha hI punarjanma grahaNa karatA hai| mRtyukAla meM jo nAmarUpa rahatA hai, vahI punarjanma nahIM grahaNa karatA hai, apitu usI nAmarUpa se utpanna anya nAmarUpa punarjanma ko grahaNa karatA hai| dharma-santati saMsaraNa karatI hai parantu zAzvata rUpa se nhiiN| vastutaH prathama janma ke antima vijJAna (cetanA) ke laya hote hI dUsare janma kA prathama vijJAna utpanna ho jAtA hai| isa taraha na to vahI rahatA hai aura na sarvathA dUsarA hotA hai| usameM eka kAraNa-kArya bhAva yA santatipravAha kA sambandha rahatA hai| isa taraha vijJAnoM kI pravAhI dhArAoM (santatiyoM) kA sAtatya hI AtmA hai| jise anya darzanoM meM nitya kahA gayA hai| jainadarzana meM bhI AtmA ko kUTastha nitya na mAnakara pratikSaNa (paryAya dRSTi se) utpatti-vinAza vAlA svIkAra kiyA hai, parantu vahA~ bauddhadarzanavat 403

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sarvathA kSaNika na mAnakara kathaJcit (dravyApekSayA) nitya bhI mAnA hai| yadi bauddhadarzana santati ko kathaJcit nitya mAna leM to jainadarzana se kAphI sAmya ho jaayegaa| AtmA ko sarvathA nitya mAnane para athavA sarvathA kSaNika mAnane para bandhamokSa, karma-karmaphala Adi kI vyavasthA sambhava nahIM hai| sarvathA nitya mAnane para 'mamakAra' (ahaMbhAva) se chuTakArA nahIM milegA isIlie, bhagavAn buddha ne AtmA ko anitya, kSaNika, avyAkRta, anAtma khaa| vijJAna jo cetanArUpa hai, vahI vastutaH AtmA hai| nAma cAhe jo diyA jaae| svarUpa bhinna ho sakatA hai jaise anya darzanoM meM AtmA ke svarUpa meM bhinnatA dekhI jAtI hai| cArvAka darzana kA anAtmavAda hai, kyoMki ve cAra bhautika tattvoM se bhinna caitanya ko nahIM maante| bauddhadarzana meM rUpa-skandha (cAra bhautika tattvoM se nirmita zarIra) se pRthak nAma skandha (vedanA, saMjJA, saMskAra aura vijJAna skandha) ko bhI pRthak svIkAra kiyA hai| isase siddha hotA hai ki bhagavAn buddha ne AtmA meM hone vAlI prabala Asakti (moha) ko haTAne ke lie anAtmavAda kahakara bhI vijJAna, karma, sattA, karmaphalavipAka, vAsanA, smRti, pratyabhijJana, pratyakSa-anumAna pramANa, punarjanma, svarganaraka-vyavasthA, upAdAna-kAraNa vyavasthA, karuNA, aSTAGgamArga Adi kA upadeza diyaa| yadi unheM Atmatattva (cetanA yA jJAna) svIkArya nahIM hotA to ye pratipAdana vyartha ho jaataa| sabhI tattva kSaNika haiM, yaha to pratyakSagamya hai, parantu vaha sarvathA naSTa nahIM hotA, usakA avasthAntaraNa hotA hai, mUlasvarUpa (mUla guNa) surakSita rahatA hai| 'vijJAna' guNa hai to usakA koI AdhAra bhUta dravya honA cAhie kyoMki guNI (dravya = jJAtA) ke binA guNa nahIM raha sktaa| yadi use guNa na mAneM to bhI vaha jJAna hI AtmA hogaa| jaina darzana meM jJAna aura AtmA meM kathaJcit abheda mAnA hai| vedAnta meM bhI jJAnarUpa AtmA hai| nyAya vaizeSika darzana meM jJAna guNa ko AtmA se pRthak mAnakara samavAya sambandha mAnA hai, vedAntiyoM ne abheda sambandha mAnA hai| upasaMhAra bhagavAn buddha kI jIvanI se patA calatA hai ki duHkhoM se kaise chuTakArA pAyA jAe? isake lie ve ghara chor3akara dhyAna-sAdhanA karate haiN| unhoMne jAnA gIlI lakar3I se Aga nahIM utpanna ho sakatI, vaise hI viSaya-bhoga tRSNA yA Asakti se gIle AtmA ko duHkha se mukti nahIM mila sktii| isake sAtha hI unhoMne yaha jAnA ki AtmA meM Asakti sabase bar3A ror3A hai to unhoMne usa para prahAra kiyaa| ata: Atma-vicAra ko avyAkRta tathA aprayojanIya mAnakara kSaNikavAda, anIzvaravAda kA upadeza diyaa| tatkAlIna ucchedavAda Adi kA nirAkaraNa karake madhyamamArga apnaayaa| bhagavAn buddha ke upadezoM ko ThIka se na samajhane ke kAraNa unake kaI saiddhAntika mata-matAntara bana ge| mImAMsAdarzana meM niSedha-mImAMsA mImAMsA-darzana karmakANDapradhAna darzana hai| sAmAnyataH karma vidhi-niSedhAtmaka do prakAra ke haiM-1. vidhirUpa karma--jisa karma ke karane se manuSya kA kalyANa hotA hai yA jisase manuSya ke jIvana kA prayojana (lakSya) siddha hotA hai| jaise-svarga prApti kA sAdhana yaag| 2.niSedhAtmaka karma-jisa karma ke karane se manuSya kA ahita (anartha) ho yA jisase manuSya ke jIvana kA prayojana siddha na hotA ho| jaise -naraka prApti kA sAdhana brhmhtyaa| karmakANDa ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue veda ke pA~ca bhAga kie jAte haiM--(1) vidhi, (2) mantra, (3) nAmadheya, (4) niSedha aura (5) arthvaad| ina pA~coM meM bhI pradhAnatA vidhi aura niSedha kI hai| niSedha kA jJAna 'naJ' se karAyA jAtA hai jisake antima varNa'' kA lopa karake vAkya meM 'na' kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| uttarapada ke rahane para 'na' ko 'a' ho jAtA hai aura ajAdi uttarapada rahate 'an' ho jAtA hai| jaise - abrAhmaNaH, anIzvaraH aadi| vidhivAkyoM se pravartana kA aura niSedha vAkyoM se nivartanA kA pratipAdana aura unako prayojanavattA vidhivAkya manuSya ko svargAdi iSTa-prApti hetu prerita karate haiM aura batalAte haiM ki svargAdi iSToM ke sAdhana yAga Adi karma haiM jinheM avazya sampanna karanA caahie| isa preraNA ke kAraNa hI vidhivAkyoM kI sArthakatA hai| isI prakAra niSedhavAkyoM kI bhI sArthakatA hai kyoMki ve manuSya ko una karmoM se nivRtta karate haiM jinase narakAdi aniSTa kI prApti sambhava hai| isa taraha vidhivAkya jahA~ svargAdi iSTa ke sAdhanabhUta kamoM meM pravRtta karake kalyANa-sampAdana karate haiM vahIM 404

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niSedhavAkya narakAdi aniSTa ke sAdhanabhUta karmoM se nivRtta karake kalyANa-sampAdana karate haiN| aba prazna yaha hai ki vidhivAkyoM se hameM pravartanA kI aura niSedhavAkyoM se nivartanA kI pratIti kaise hotI hai ? mImAMsA darzana ke anusAra kriyApada meM pradhAnatA pratyayArtha ke liGaMza kI hotI hai aura usase pravartanA (zAbdI bhAvanA) kA jJAna hotA hai| ataH jaba naJ kA yoga usa liG aMza se kiyA jAtA hai to nivartanA kA jJAna hotA hai| jaise-'na kalarja bhkssyet'| palANDu, lazuna Adi ko kalaja kahate haiM, aise kalaja kA bhakSaNa nahIM karanA cAhie kyoMki aise padArtha kA bhakSaNa karane se pratyavAya-aniSTa sambhava hai| isa vAkya meM 'na bhakSayet' kA vibhAjana nimna prakAra hogA na bhakSayet bhakSa dhAtu (bhakSaNArthaka) na (niSedhArthaka nivartanA) tiG pratyaya AjyAta aMza (ArthI bhAvanA = karanA) liG aMza (zAbdI bhAvanA-pravartanA) isa taraha 'na' kA anvaya sarva pradhAna 'liG aMza se hone para pravartanAvirodhI nirvatanA artha hogA / 'bhakS' dhAtu 'tiGa pratyaya kA upasarjana, upapada yA vizeSaNa sA hone se gauNa hai| 'tiGa' meM bhI 'liG aMza kI pradhAnatA hone se 'na' kA anvaya lirtharUpA zAbdIbhAvanA se hI hogaa| zAbdIbhAvanA pravRtti karAtI hai| ataH 'na' se anvita hone para vaha nivRtti kraayegii| gauNa rUpa se upasthita pada yA padArtha apane se bhinna prakAra ke pada yA padArtha se anvita nahIM ho sakatA hai| jaise-'rAjapuruSamAnaya' (rAjapuruSa ko laao)| yahA~ 'rAjA' pada puruSa kA upArjana, upapada yA vizeSaNa hai, ata: gauNa hai / 'Anayana' kriyA puruSa ke sAtha hotI hai, rAjA ke sAtha nhiiN| yadi gauNabhUta rAjA pada kA bhI 'Anaya kriyA ke sAtha anvaya kiyA jAyegA to rAjA ko bhI lAnA par3egA jo vyavahAra meM asaGgata hai| isI prakAra prakRta meM 'bhakS' dhAtu 'tiG pratyaya kA aura 'tiG aMza liGkA upasarjana hai| ataH naJ kA anvaya liGaMza se hI hogA aura taba usase nivartanA kA bodha hogaa| naJ kA svabhAva-naJ jisa pada ke sAtha anvita hotA hai vaha usa anvita pada ke artha ke virodhI artha kA jJApaka hotA hai| aisA usakA svathAva hai| jaise - 'ghaTo nAsti' (ghaTa nahIM hai) meM asti' pada ke sAtha anvita 'naJ ghaTa' kI sattA kI virodhinI ghaTa kI asattA kA jJAna karA rahA hai| 'na' kA ghaTa ke sAtha anvaya karane para 'na ghaTaH' - aghtto'sti| aisI pratIti hogI aura tadanusAra 'naJ' ghaTavirodhI paTAdi ko sattA kA jJApaka hogA, jo anucita hai)| virodhI zabda abhAva kA vAcaka nahIM hai apitu svarUpabhinnatA kA bodhaka hai| isa prakAra 'na kalazaM bhakSayet' meM 'liGke sAtha anvita 'na' liGkI arthabhUtA pravartanA kI virodhinI nivartanA kA bodha karAtA hai| jaise- 'yajeta svargakAmaH' (svargAbhilASI yAga kare) isa vidhivAkya ke sunane para 'ayaM mAM pravartayati' kI pratIti hotI hai| usI prakAra 'na kalaGgaM bhakSayet' isa niSedhavAkya ke sunane para 'ayaM mAM nivartayati' kI pratIti sarvAnubhavagamya hai| liG-bhinna ke sAtha 'naJ' kA anvaya sAmAnya rUpa se 'na' kA anvaya lirtha ke sAtha kiyA jAtA hai parantu veda meM kucha aise bhI sthala haiM jahA~ 'na' kA anvaya bAdha upasthita hone para dhAtvartha yA subanta pada ke sAtha bhI kiyA jAtA hai| aise do prakAra ke udAharaNa mImAMsA meM milate haiM - (1) 'tasya vratam' ke prakaraNa meM artha saGgati na hone para lakSaNA (paryudAsa) se 'naJ' kA anvaya dhAtvartha ke sAtha kiyA gayA hai| (2) 'yajatiSu ye yajAmahe', meM vikalpaH prApti se bacane ke lie 'na' kA anvaya lakSaNA (paryudAsa) se subanta pada ke sAtha kiyA gayA hai| jaise - dhAtvartha se 'na' kA anvaya - snAtaka ke kartavya karmoM ke prakaraNa kA prArambha 'tasya vratam' (ye snAtaka brahmacArI ke anuSTheya karma haiM) kahakara kiyA gayA 405

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hai aura usa prakaraNa meM 'nekSetodyantamAdityam' (ugate hue aura asta hote hue sUrya ko na dekheM) vAkya AyA huA hai| yahA~ 'tasya vratam se pravartanA kA bodha ho rahA hai aura 'nekSeta0' se nivartanA kaa| isa taraha yahA~ vrata kI karaNIyatA ke sAtha ekavAkyatA nahIM bana rahI hai| yadi yahA~ 'IkSeta' pada hotA to ekavAkyatA bana jaatii| 'tasya vratam' meM karma-sampAdana para jora diyA gayA hai jabaki 'nekSeta' meM sampAdana ke lie kucha bhI nahIM hai| ata: donoM vAkyoM meM ekavAkyatA baiThAne ke lie yahA~ lakSaNAvRtti (paryudAsa) kA Azraya lekara IkSaNa-virodhI 'anIkSaNa-saGkalpa artha kareMge anIkSaNa saGkalpa eka mAnasa vyApAra hai jise sampanna kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa taraha yahA~ 'na' kA dhAtvartha ke sAtha anvaya karane para aMbhidhAvRtti se anIkSaNa artha huA aura lakSaNAvRtti se 'saGkalpa' artha aayaa| yaha 'anI Na saGkalpa' brahmacArI kA kartavya karma bana gayA aura isase pravartanA kA bodha, huA-'AdityaviSayakAnIkSaNasaGkalpena bhAvayeti vAkyArthaH' (AdityaviSayaka anIkSaNasaGkalpa se bhAvanA kre)| kisakI bhAvanA kare ? aisI sAdhyAkAMkSA hone para kahA hai 'etAvatA hainasA viyukto bhavati' (aisI bhAvanA se pApamukta hotA hai)| isa taraha ekavAkyatA karane ke lie 'naJ kA anpaya yahA~ liG se na kara ke dhAtvartha ke sAtha kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ lakSaNA se anIkSaNasaGkalpa artha ke sthAna para kAyika vyApAra rUpa 'nayanapidhAna' (netra DhakanA vastrAdi se) artha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA kyoMki nayanapidhAna zAbdI bhAvanA kA viSaya nahIM bana sakatA hai| zAbdI bhAvanA kA viSaya vahI bana sakatA hai jisakA vidhAna : kisI svatantra vidhivAkya se ho| nayanapidhAna% kisI vidhivAkya se yahA~ vihita nahIM hai| ataH anIkSaNasaGkalpa artha hI ThIka hai| subanta se 'naJ' kA anvaya Apastamba zrautasUtra (24.13.5) meM 'yajatiSu ye yajAmahaM karoti, nAnuyAjeSu' (yAgoM meM ye yajAmahe' mantra kA pATha karanA cAhie, anuyAjoM meM nahIM) vAkya AyA hai| zrota sUtra grantha bhI vaidika sAhitya kA aMza hone se yaha eka zAstravAkya hai| mImAMsakoM ke sAmAnya niyama ke anusAra eka zAstra vAkya se prApta artha kA dUsare zAstra vAkya se bAdha hone para vahA~ bAdha nahIM mAnA jAtA apitu vikalpa svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai| vikalpa mAnanA eka doSa hai parantu zAstraprApta hone se agatyA vikalpa mAnanA par3atA hai| yadi usa vikalpa se bacA jA sake to avazya bacanA caahie| 'vikalpa' vAkya doSa hai aura 'lakSaNA' pada doss| vAkya doSa se padadoSa choTA hotA hai| aba yahA~ yadi vikalpa svIkAra karake 'na' kA anvaya 'liG se karate hai to vaikalpika prayoga isa prakAra hoMge-(1) 'anuyAjeSu 'ye yajAmahaM kroti| aura (2) 'anuyAjeSu 'ye yajAmahaM na kroti'| isa taraha kisI eka vikalpa ko svIkAra karane para anya kA aprAmANya nizcita bnegaa| isake atirikta do adRSToM kI kalpanArUpa gaurava doSa bhI hogA kyoMki vaikalpika sthiti meM jaise eka se anuSThAna karanA abhISTa hotA hai usI prakAra dUsare se na karanA bhI abhISTa hotA hai| arthAt vikalpa meM vidhi aura viSedha donoM puruSArtha haiN| isa vikalpaprasakti se bacane ke lie yahA~ 'na' kA anvaya subanta pada ke sAtha karake paryudAsa lakSaNA se anuyAjavyAtirikta artha kareMge-'anuyAjavyatirikteSu yajatiSu 'ye yajAmahaM' iti mantraM kuryAditi vAkyArthabodha:' (anuyAjoM se bhinna yAgoM meM ye yajAmahaM isa mantra kA uccAraNa karanA cAhie ) / kahA hai - yata eva vikalpo'yaM pratiSedhe prasajyate / ___ atastatparihArAya paryudAsAzrayo varam / / vastutaH vikalpa vahIM mAnA jAtA hai jahA~ bAdhyabAdhakabhAva ho aura bAdhyabAdhakabhAva nirapekSa (apanI arthapUrti ke lie dUsare para nirbhara na rahanA) vAkyoM meM hotA hai, sApekSa vAkyoM meM nahIM / 'yajatiSu0' vAkya sApekSa vAkya hai| ata: usameM bAdhyabAdhakabhAva nahIM hai / 'pade juhoti' (gAya ke saptama padacinha para havana karanA cAhie ), 'AhavanIye juhoti (AhavanIya nAmaka agni meM havana karanA cAhie) inameM vikalpa hai kyoMki ye nirapekSa vAkya haiN| isI taraha brIhibhiryajeta yavairvA (vrIhibhiryajeta, yayavaijeta) meM bikalpa hai| yahA~ paryudAsa se kAma nahIM bana sakatA hai| vikalpa meM liGartha se naJ kA anvaya vikalpa hone para 'na' kA liDartha se anvaya karake pratiSedha kA hI Azraya liyA jAtA hai kyoMki vahA~ dUsarI koI gati nahIM hotii| jaise 'atirAtra' nAmaka yAga meM 'SoDazI' (graha - pAtra vizeSa) grahaNa vihita bhI haiM aura niSiddha bhii| cAhe to SoDazI kA grahaNa kare aura yadi na cAhe to na kre| donoM paristhitiyoM meM pRthak-pRthak apUrva (adRSTa) utpanna hogA, anartha nahIM hogaa| donoM apUrvo se iSTa kI siddhi hogii| pUrA udAharaNa isa prakAra hai'atirAtra SoDazinaM gRhNAti, nAtirAtre SoDazinaM gRhNAti (atirAtrayAga meM SoDazI ko grahaNa karatA hai| atirAtrayAga meM 406

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SoDazI ko grahaNa nahIM karatA hai)| yahA~ vikalpa ko bacAne ke lie paryudAsa kA Azraya nahIM liyA jA sakatA kyoMki paryudAsa se na kA anvaya yA to SoDazI se karanA par3egA yA atirAtra se SoDazI se naJ kA anvaya karane para artha hogA 'atirarAtra meM SoDazI-vyatirikta padArtha ko grahaNa karatA hai)| atirAtra se naJ kA anvaya karane para artha hogA 'atirAtra se bhinnayAga meM SoDazI kA grahaNa karatA hai ye donoM hI artha saGgata na hone se (pratyakSa vidhivirodhI hone se) agatyA vikalpa svIkAra karanA par3atA hai| vikalpa hone para naJ kA anvaya liG se hI karanA hogaa| rAgaprApta meM niSedha hI puruSArtha jahA~ rAga se prApta kA niSedha hotA hai vahA~ pratiSedha hI puruSArtha hotA hai, vikalpa nahIM / jaise-'na kalazaM bhakSayet' meM kalajabhakSaNa jo rAga se prApta hai, kA bhakSaNaniSedha hI puruSArtha hai| niSedha puruSArtha hone se nA kA anvaya liDartha ke sAtha hI hogaa| zAstraprApta kA niSedha kahIM-kahIM vikalpa nahIM hotA - sAmAnyataH zAstraprApta artha kA niSedha hone para vikalpa mAnA jAtA hai parantu kucha aise bhI sthala haiM jo paristhiti vizeSa meM vikalpa nahIM mAne jaate| vahA~ niSedha hI puruSArtha mAnA jAtA haiN| jaise-dAna denA, homa karanA Adi dainandina jIvana ke kucha kRtya zAstroM meM zreyaskara kahe gae haiM parantu 'dIkSito na dadAti, na juhoti' (yajJa meM dIkSita vyakti ko na dAna denA cAhie aura ne homa karanA cAhie) meM dAna aura homa kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| 'dAna denA' aura 'homa karanA' zAstrasammata kartavyakarma hai parantu dIkSita vyakti ke lie inakA niSedha kiyA jA rahA hai| yahA~ niSedha hI puruSArtha hai anyathA anartha kA kAraNa bana sakatA hai| isI prakAra svastrI ke sAtha bhoga jaise zAstrasammata hone para bhI yajJAdi dhArmika anuSThAna karane vAle ke lie usakA niSedha hai kyoMki strIbhoga se yajJa meM vaiguNyaprApti sambhava hai| isa taraha yahA~ do zAstra vAkyoM meM vikalpa na mAnakara niSedha hI mAnA gayA hai| upasaMhAra isa taraha isa vivecana se siddha hotA hai ki jisa taraha vidhi iSTa sampAdaka hone se puruSArtha hai usI prakAra niSedha bhI aniSTanivAraka hone se puruSArtha hai| vidhi se jaise pravartanA kA bodha hotA hai vaise hI niSedha se nivartanA kA bodha hotA hai| isa nivartanA kA bodha tabhI sambhava hai jaba 'naJ' kA anvaya liDartha se kiyA jaae| kucha aise bhI sthala haiM jahA~ naJ kA anvaya liDartha se karane para bAdha upasthita hotA hai taba vahA~ para naJ kA anvaya eka vAkyatA lAne ke lie dhAtu ke sAtha yA vikalpa prApti rokane ke lie subanta ke sAtha kiyA jAtA hai| aise sthaloM meM nivartanA kI pratIti nahIM hotI apitu vidhi bana jAne se pravartanA kI pratIti hotI hai| anyatra sarvatra naJ kA liDartha se anvaya karake pratiSedha (nivartanA) kA hI Azraya liyA jAtA hai| 'nAtirAtre' Adi meM paryudAsa se arthasaGgati na baiThane para agatyA vikalpa mAnA gayA hai| vikalpa hone para naJ se niSedha hI artha karanA hogaa| vikalpa meM vidhi aura pratiSedha donoM kratvartha hone se anartha hetu nahIM hai| rAgata: prApti meM niSedha hI puruSArtha hai| TippaNI 1. na lopo naJ. / tsmaannu'ci| pA0 a0 6.37, 74 2. mImAMsAnyAyaprakAza, ( kAzI saMskRta sIrIja ) pR0 155-156 3. paryudAsa-isameM vizeSa ko chor3akara sAmAnya kI ora pravRtti hotI hai| isameM kArya kA saGkoca vizeSa se bhinna meM hotA hai| jaise-anuyAja vizeSa karma haiM, yAga sAmAnya krm| ata: paryudAsa se 'ye yajamAhe 0' mantra kA vidhAna sImita anuyAjoM se bhinna samasta yAgoM meM hotA hai| mImAMsAnyAyaprakAza meM likhA hai-'paryudAsaH saH vijJeyo yatrottarapadena naJ / pR0 160, 172, arthasaMgraha meM kahA hai-paryudAsa tadanyamAtrasaGkocArtha iti tato bhedaH / pR0 202 4. vikalpAdekapratiSedhe'pi pratiSidhyamAnasya nAnarthahetutvam, vidhiniSedhobhayasyApi kRtvarthatvAt / arthasaMgraha,(caukhambhA) pR0 206 5. arthasaMgraha ( uddhRt, kAmezvara TIkA ) pR0 184 6. kutracidvikalpaprasaktAvapyananyagatyA prtissedhaashrynnm| arthasaMgraha, pR0 202 7. nAmadhAtvarthayogI tu naiva na prtissedhkH| vdtybraahmnndhrmaavnymaatrvirodhinau|| uddhRta, mImAMsAnyAyaprakAza, pR0 162 407

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zrImatA zubhacandreNa praNIto jJAnArNavaH paraM zAntipradaM pavitraM dhyAnazAstramidaM digambarajainAcAryeNa saMsAraviraktayogIzvareNa zrIzubhacandreNa sAMkhyasiddhAntamurarIkRtya maharSipataJjalipraNItayogasUtraM manasi nidhAya yamaniyamAdInAmaSTayogAGgAnAM jainapaddhatimanusRtya vircitm| dhyAnasya yAdRzaM sundaraM vistRtaM sAGgaM ca varNanamatra prapaJcitaM na tAdRzamanyatra dRshyte| dhyAtR-dhyeya-dhyAnAdikaM sarva-viSayamavalambya atra vivecanaM kRtaM granthakAreNa sarala-sarasa-sAlaGkArayA bhASayA padyabaddhakAvyarUpeNa / bANabhaTTapraNItakAdambarIgadyazailImanusaratA ekonaviMzatitame prakaraNe gadyacamatkArazcApi pradarzitaH granthakAreNa / tadyathA-- virahiNIni:zvAsamAMsalIkRtakAyaiH, ke ralakuralAndolanadakSairutkampitakuntalakAminIkuntalaiH / prigtsurtkhedonmissitlaattiillaattsvedaambuknnikaapaandohdvdbhiraasaaditaaneknirjhrshishir-shiikrairbkulaamodsndrbhnibhraiH| grantho'yaM yadyapi digambara jainAcAryeNa likhitaH, parantu atra sampradAyagataM kimapi bIjaM naasti| dhyAnAGgabhUtAnAM teSAmapi viSayANAM varNanamatra dRzyate yeSAM darzanamanyatra durlbhm| sampUrNajainasiddhAntasya rahasyamasmin granthe ni:syuutm| advitIyo'yaM granthaH / asya paThanena mananena ca yA AnandAnubhUtirbhavati sA vaaggocrii| asya adhyayanena na kevalaM mumukSava AtmakalyANaM kartuM zaknuvanti apitu sAdhAraNajano'pi svonnatiM kartuM shknoti| asmin anuSTub-AryA-indravajrAindravaMzA-upajAti-upendravajrA-pRthvI-mandAkrAntA-mAlinI-vasantatilakA-vaMzastha-zArdUlavikrIDita-zAlinI-zikhariNIsragdharAcchandasAM prayogaH kRtaH / hRdayasparzINi rUpakAdyalaGkArabahulAni padyAni asya kAvyatvaM dyotynti| khedo'yaM yat saMsAraviraktasya yazovAJchArahitasya asya yogIzvarasya paricayAdikaM noplbhyte| yadi prakaraNAnte sargAnte vA puSpikAyAM racanAkArasya nAma na syAttarhi asya nAmajJAnamapi kaThinaM syAt / upalabdhapramANairasya samayaH sAmAnyena ekAdazazatAbdI vidvadbhiH sviikriyte| kalikAlasarvajJahemacandrAcAryapraNItayogazAstrasya jJAnArNavena saha sAmyaM dRshyte| kena kasya anuvartanaM kRtamityatra yadyapi keSAJcit matabhedaH, tathApi antaHparIkSaNena jJAnArNavaH prAcInatara: sidhyati / janazrutyanusAreNa paramayoginaH zubhacandrasya rAjarSibhartRhariNA saha sahodarasambandhaH AsIt / bhartRhariprabodhAya zAstramidaM praNItaM zubhacandreNa ityapi tatrAsti, parantu jJAnArNave spaSTarUpeNa kathitaM yadasya praNayanaM na kavitvAbhimAnena, na ca kIrtiprasarecchayA kRtam apitu kevalaM svbodhaay| yathoktam na kavitvAbhimAnena na kiirtiprsrecchyaa| kRtiH kintu madIyeyaM svabodhAyaiva kevlm|| nirabhimAno'yaM yogIzvaraH sarvavidhazAstrAdhyayanAt bahuzrutavidvAn, siddhAntamarmajJaH pratibhAsampannaH kvishcaasiit| jainamatAnusAreNa nizcayanayena AtmajJAnayoH tAdAtmya, guNa-guNinorabhedAd nyAyadarzanavat jJAnasambandhAdAtmani jJAnaM nAsti / zAzvatikaM sukhaM samastakarmakSayAd bhavati, karmakSayaH samyagjJAnarUpaM kevalajJAnaM vinA na bhavati, samyagjJAnasya siddhi: dhyAnaM vinA na bhavati, dhyAnasya siddhi: moha-viSayAsaktityAgaM vinA na bhavati / itthaM pUrva tAvat viSayAsaktityAgaH, pazcAt dhyAnaprAptiH, tadanu samyagjJAnalAbhaH, tadanantaraM sakalakarmakSayaH, ante ca sva-svarUpopalabdhirUpa-zAzvatika-jJAnasukhe jJAnasyArNave vA nimajjanam / itthaM jJAnArNavopalabdhirUpaM zAstramidaM jnyaanaarnnvmiti| jJAnopalabdhisAdhanasya dhyAnasya prAdhAnyena pratipAdanAt dhyAnazAstramapi asya nAma anvarthameva / granthakAreNa prArambhe jJAnArNavasya, ante ca dhyAnazAstrasya prayogaH kRtaH / tadyathA jJAnArNavamimaM vakSye sattAmAnandamandiram / / svamativibhavayogyaM dhyAnazAstra prnniitm|| asyAloDanena dustaro'pi bhavArNavaH bhavyaH tiiryte| yathoktam jJAnArNavasya mAhAtmyaM citte ko vetti tttvtH| yajjJAnAttIryate bhavyairdastaro'pi bhvaarnnvH|| 408

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granthasya pratyekaprakaraNasya antimapuSpikAyAM 'jJAnArNave yogapradIpAdhikAre' iti likhitaM tasmAt yogAya dhyAnAya pradIpatulyo'yaM granthaH 'yogapradIpa' ityapi kthyte| yadyapi jainaparamparAyAM dhyAnAya yogazabdasya prayogo nopalabhyate yato jainAgame manovacanakAyapravRttiH yogazabdena vyavahriyate; na cittavRttinirodho yoga iti, tathApi loke ekAgracintAnirodharUpadhyAnaM yogenaiva vyvhiyte| tasmAt yogapradIpazAstramidamityapi caarutrm| saMsArAvasthAyAM rAgadveSAbhibhUtaH AtmA manasA indriyaizca rAgAdivyApAreSu pravRtto bhvti| yAvanna rAgadveSopari niyantraNaM bhavati tAvanna cittacaJcalatA niyantritA bhvti| yAvanna cittacaJcalatA niyantritA bhavati tAvannAtmAdarzana bhavati / yathoktaM samAdhitantre rAgadveSAdikallolairalolaM ynmnojlm| sa pazyatyAtmanastattvaM tattattvaM netaro jnH||| itthaM calacittatvameva cintA, cintA nAma clcitttvm| tasyA avalambanaM naiko arthaH, apitu anekaarthaaH| ato'nekArthebhyo manaH AkRSya ekasminnarthe niyamanam ekaagrcintaanirodhruupdhyaanm| Atmani yadA jJAnamUlA cAritradhArA pravahati tadA rAgadveSajanyakrodhAdikaSAyaiH saha manovacanakAyapravRttirUpayogasyApi nirodho bhvti| etasminneva kAle sa: samyagdhyAtA bhvti| yathA-tatra pravahamAnA dhyAtRdhyeyAdivikalparahitA jJAnadhArA abhedanizcayatAM yaati| itthaM jJAnamevAparispandAgnizikhAvadavabhAsamAnaM zuddhaM dhyaanmiti| evaM dhyAnajJAnayoraikyamapi vaktuM shkyte| ato granthakAreNa jJAnArNavaH dhyAnazAstraM ca paryAyatvena prayuktam / nAtra kApi vipratipattiriti / grantho'yaM UnacatvAriMzatprakaraNeSu vibhakto yatra triMzadadhikadvAviMzazatasaMkhyAkAni padyAni santi / zrImadrAjacandrajainazAstramAlAsaMskaraNe dvicatvAriMzat sargAssanti, yataH tatra aSTAdazatamaM prakaraNaM triSu sargeSu, SaDviMzatitamaM prakaraNaM ca dvayoH sargayoH vibhkte| evaM tatra sargasaMkhyA dvictvaariNshdsti| adhunA prakaraNakrameNa viSayanirdezaH kriyate - prathamaprakaraNe anubandhacatuSTayanirUpikA pIThikA, dvitIyaprakaraNe dhyAnasopAnasamArohaNAya saMsAra vairAgyAtha ca anityatvAdayo dvAdaza bhAvanAH, tRtIyaprakaraNe caturvidhapuruSArtheSu kevalaM mokSapuruSArtha upAdeya iti pratipAdanaM dhyAnalakSaNaJca, caturthaprakaraNe dhyAnaguNadoSavicAraH, paJcame yogiprazaMsA, SaSThe darzanavizuddhiH, saptame jJAnopayogaH, aSTame ahiMsAvrataM, navame satyavrataM, dazame cauryaparihAraH, ekAdaze kAmaprakopaH, dvAdaze strIsvarUpam , trayodaze maithunaM, caturdaze strIsaMsargaH, paJcadaze vRddhasevA, SoDaze parigrahadoSavicAraH, saptadaze AzApizAcI, aSTAdaze akSaviSayanirodhaH, ekonaviMze tritattvam, vize manovyApArapratipAdanam, ekaviMze rAgAdinivAraNam, dvAviMze sAmyavaibhavam (samatAbhAva:), trayoviMze azubhamArtadhyAnam, catuviMze azubhaM raudradhyAnam, paJcaviMze dhyAnaruddhasthAnAni, SaDviMze prANAyAmaH, saptaviMze pratyAhAraH, aSTAviMze savIryadhyAnam, UnatriMze zuddhopayogavicAraH, triMze zubham AjJAvicayadharmadhyAnam, ekatriMze zubham apAyavicayadharmadhyAnam, dvAtriMze zubhaM vipAkavicayadharmadhyAnam, trayastriMze zubhaM saMsthAnavicayadharmadhyAnam, catustriMze piNDasthadharmadhyAnam, paJcatriMze padasthadharmadhyAnam, SaTatriMze rUpasthadharmadhyAnam, saptatrize rUpAtItadharmadhyAnam, aSTAtriMze dharmadhyAnaphalam, ekonacatvAriMze caturvidhazuddhasavikalpakanirvikalpakasabIjanirbIjasamAdhitulyaM zukladhyAnasvarUpaM phalaJca vrnnitm| jainasiddhAntAnusAreNa jIvaH karmabaddhaH san anAdikAlAt saMsAre paribhramati / yadA paramAtmarUpaM vijJAya svasminnAtmani lIyate tadA karmabandhAd mucyte| tapasA karmakSayo bhvti| tapo dvividham - bAhyam, abhyntrnyc| tatra abhyantaratapobhedeSu dhyAnamekaM pradhAnam tpH| dhyAnaM caturvidham-ArtaraudradharmazuklabhedAt / aniSTasaMyogAdijanyArtadhyAnena krodhAdiraudrapariNAmajanyaraudradhyAnena saMsAraparibhramaNaM bhvti| azubhe ete sarvasAdhAraNe, tsmaannopaadeye| dharmazukladhyAne zubhe tsmaadupaadeye| dharmadhyAnaM dhye yaviSayabhedena caturvidham-AjJAvicayaH, apAyavicayaH, vipAka vicayaH, saMsthAnavicayazca / dhyeyaviSayabhedamevAdhikRtya piNDastha-padastha-rUpastharUpAtItabhedAzca niruupitaaH| zukladhyAnamapi caturvidhampRthaktvavitarkasavicAra-ekatvavitarkaavicAra-sUkSmakriyA-pratipAti-samucchinnakriyAnivartibhedena yogasUtrapraNItasavikalpakanirvikalpaka-sabIja-nirbIja smaadhivt| samucchinnakriyA (vyuparatakriyA)-nivarti-rUpazukladhyAnAnantaram jIva: pUrNamukto bhvti| dhyAnasya zubhAzubhatvaM dhyaatRdhyaanaadhiinm| yadi dhyAtA viSayakaSAyagrastastarhi azubhaM dhyAnaM bhavati, yadi viSayakaSAyaviraktastarhi zubhadhyAnaM bhavati iti vivekH| dhyAnaM pUrvottarAbhimukhIbhUya kAyotsargAdinA krtvym| laukika kAryasiddhyarthaM dhyAnaM na krnniiym| cittasthairyArthaM prANAyAmasya AvazyakatA bhvti| dhyAnaM sAmyabhAvaM vinA na bhavati; tyorvinaabhaavsmbndhaat| 409

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(1) katicit subhaassitpdyaani| yathA - yatittvaM jIvanopAyaM kurvantaH kiM na lajjitAH, sAdhuvezacchalena jIvikopArjanaM ghRnnitkaarym| mAtuH paNamivAlambya yathA kecid gataghRNAH / / aniyantritacittasya tapaH zrutiyamAdisahi-tasya sAdhoH kA gatiH ? tapaH zrutayamajJAnatanuklezAdisaMzrayam / aniyantritacittasya syaanmunestussknnddnm|| saMsAraviSayAbhilASA kIdRzI - bahiM vizati zItArtha jIvitArthaM pibedvissm| viSayeSvapi yaH saukhyamanveSayati mugdhadhIH / / catasro bhAvanA dhanyAH purANapuruSAzritAH / dharmadhyAnasiddhyartha maiAdibhAvAnAmAvazyakatAmaitryAdayazciraM citte vidheyA dhrmsiddhye|| dhyAtRsvarUpamsaMvignaH saMvRto dhIraH sthirAtmA nirmalAzayaH / sarvAvasthAsu sarvatra sadaiva dhyAtumarhati / / dhyAnasiddhiH kadA bhavatiavikSiptaM yadA cetaH svatattvAbhibhukhaM bhavet / munestadevaM nirvighnA dhyaansiddhirudaahRtaa|| dhyAnasthAnaviSaye niSkarSaH - vijane janasaGkIrNa susthite duHsthite'pi vaa| yadi dhatte sthira cittaM na tadAsti nissedhnm|| itthaM duHkhaparipUrNasya dustarasya bhavArNavasya saMtaraNAya dhyAnavimAnamAruhya anantasukhaparipUrNasya paramazAntipradasya jJAnasudhArNavasya rasapAnaM krnniiym| bhAratIyadarzaneSu IzvaravicAraH Izvaro'sti na vA, yadyasti tarhi tasya ki svarUpam ? yadi nAsti tarhi kathaM jagadvyavasthA ? ityAdayaH praznAH prAyazaH sarveSAM prekSAvatAM manasi smudynti| bhAratIyadarzaneSu vibhinneSu tatprasthAneSu caitadviSaye kathAGkArA vicArAH pravRttAH, kiJca tatra IzvarasvarUpamiti viSayamadhikRtya bhAratIya dArzanikAH paJcasu bhAgeSu vibhaktAH / tathA hi(1) nAsti ko'pi sarvazaktisampanna IzvaraH paramezvaro vaa-etnmtaanuyaayinshvaarvaakaaH| te khalu purodRzyamAnaM jagadeva svIkurvanti, na tadatiriktamAtmAnaM svargamIzvaraM vaa| svabhAvAdeva jagadvyavasthA, na ko'pi tnniyaamkH| (2) jagataH pRthak Izvaro'sti sarvalokAntaryAmI jagataH kartA ceti naiyAyikAnAM vicaarsrnniH| (3) paraM brahma nirguNam saguNabrahmarUpaH Izvarazca, parantu nAsti tayodvaitattvam / parAparabrahmaNI na bhinne, parantu sthitibhedenaiva tayorbhedaH pratibhAti vivartavAdasiddhAntAnusAreNa vedAntino mtmetdbhiprynti| (4) jaganniyantA Izvaro naasti| jIvA evaM muktAvasthAyAmIzvarapadavAcyA bhavanti / etanmatavAdino bauddhA jainaashc| (5) katipaye dArzanikA mUlato'nIzvaravAdinaH, kintu teSAM mateSu IzvaraviSayakaH ko'pi niSedho naasti| atra sAMkhyavaizeSikamImAMsAprasthAnAnAM samAvezaH kartuM shkyte|| bhAratIyadarzane yAdRzaM svarUpamIzvarasya upalabhyate tat sAmprataM krameNa prastUyate(1) saMhitAbrAhmaNAraNyakopaniSatsu IzvaraH - saMhitAsu IzvarasambandhinI dRSTi: bIjavicArarUpA lbhyte| Rgvedasya nAsadIyasUkte sadasadavilakSaNatattvasya puruSasUkte ca virATpasya paramezvarasya vrnnnmuplbhyte| sAmavede yajurvede'tharvavede cApi IzvaraviSayakaM cintanaM vartate / atharvavede tu mAyA zaktisampannasya brahmaNaH suspaSTaM varNanaM vidyate / evameva brAhmaNagrantheSvapi iishvrsiddhirnaayaassaadhyaa| aitareyAraNyake prajApatirUpeNezvaravarNanaM smuplbhyte| upaniSatsu Izvarasya jaganniyantRtvam antaryAmitvaM sarvezvaratvaM ca vahuzo vivRtamasti, yathA-'IzAvAsyamidaM sarvam', 'eSa sarvezvaraH eSa bhuutaadhiptiH| zrImadbhagavadgItAyAmapyuktam'IzvaraH sarvabhUtAnAM hRddeze'rjuna ! tiSThati' iti| (2) vedAntadarzane - zaGkarAcAryeNa IzvaraviSayako vicAraH sarvAGgatayA niruupitH| advaitavAdaM drar3hayan AcAryazaGkaraH parAparabrahmarUpeNa brahmavAdaM niruupyti| tatra aparabrahmarUpaH saguNa Izvara ev| atra sthitibhedenaiva dvaitattvaM tayoH, na 410

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paramArthataH / saguNabrahmarUpa IzvaraH sarvalokAntaryAmI niyantA mAyAzaktimAMzca / sa jIvAnAM kRte mAyA prasArayati, parantu tayA mAyayA svayaM spRSTo na bhavati / yathA aindrajAlika: svayaM prasAritayA mAyayA na spRzyate, evameva zaGkarAcAryo'pi IzvarasvarUpaM vrnnitvaan| eko'haM bahu syAm' 'so'kAmayata bahu syAm prajAyeya' ityAdizrutibhiH paramAtmanaH kartRtvaM varNitam / AptakAme paramAtmani sRSTeH kAmaH katham ? ityAzaMkA nirAdhArA; yato jagatsRSTirIzvarasya lIlAyA eva phlm| lIlA tu Izvarasya svabhAva ev| jagati viSamatAyAH kAraNaM jIvAnAM puurvkRtkrmaannyev| Izvarastu niSpakSaphala-dAtRtvena jIvAnAM priyApriye smpaadyti| etena sidhyati yat so'pi niraMkuzo n| Izvaro yadi lokakarmANi Azrityeva kArya karoti tahi tasyopAsanA vyartha iti cenna, IzvaropAsanAyA jIvAnAmantaHkaraNasya pavitrIkaraNasyaiva phltvaat| zAGkaravedAnte jIva Izvaro vA dvAvapi maayikau| sAkSitvAt Izvaro jIvasya sarvavidha-kriyAkalApaM pazyannapi kenApi karmaNA spRSTo na bhvti| (3) nyAyadarzane - jnyaanaadhikrnnmaatmaa| sa dvividha:- jIvAtmA, paramAtmA c| tatra IzvaraH sarvajJaH paramAtmA eka ev| udayanAcAryeNa nyAyakusumAJjalau Izvarasiddhau pramANAni smupnystaani| tathA hi - kAryAyojanadhRtyAdeH padAt pratyayataH shruteH| vAkyAtsaMkhyAvizeSAcca sAdhyo vishvvidvyyH|| nyA0 ku0 5/1 'kSityaGkurAdikaM kartRjanyaM kAryatvAt ghaTavat', 'paramANudvayasaMyogajanakaM karma cetanaprayatnapUrvakaM karmatvAt, asmadAdizarIrakarmavat' ityAdibhiranumAnaiH nitya Izvaro'numito bhvti| atredaM dhyeyaM yat nyAyadarzane Izvaro jagato nimittakAraNaM nopAdAnakAraNam, parantu vedAnte Izvaro nimittopaadaankaarnne| evaM vedAntAnusAreNa jagataH sattA IzvarAt pRthak naasti| nyAyadarzane tu jagataH sattA IzvarAd pRthag vrtte| (4) sAMkhyadarzane - yadyapi sAMkhyadarzane Izvarasya AvazyakatA nAnubhUyate, sAMkhyakArikAyAm Izvarasya carcA kutrApi na milati, tathApi sAMkhyasUtrasya 'IzvarAsiddheH' (1/92) 'tatsannidhAnAdadadhiSThAtRtvaM maNivat' (1/96), 'sa hi sarvavit sarvakartA' (3/56), 'IdRzezvarasiddhiH siddhA' (3/57) etAni sUtrANi avalokya sAMkhyadarzane IzvarasiddhiH kriyate vijnyaanbhikssuprbhRtibhiraacaaryaiH| (5) yogadarzane - sAMkhya darzana paripoSake yogadarzane spaSTarUpeNa Izvarasyollekho milati / tatra 'klezakarmavipAkAzayairaparAmRSTaH puruSavizeSa IzvaraH' ityuktvA IzvaratattvaM paribhASitam / evam 'avidyA'smitArAgadveSA'bhinivezeti paJcaklezaiH puNyakarmabhizca asaMspRSTaH puruSavizeSa eva iishvrH'| ayaM prnnvsNjnyyaa'pyudiiryte| Izvaro yadyapi puruSavizeSaH tathApyayaM muktakevalapuruSAd bhinnH| ata: pataJjalimaharSiNA 'IzvarapraNidhAnAdvA' iti sUtreNa Izvarasya saguNatvaM saadhitm| (6) pUrvamImAMsA darzane - vedAnAM karmakANDAtmakabhAgasya poSikA jaiminimImAMsA pUrvamImAMseti kthyte| tatra yAgakarmaNaH prAdhAnyapratipAdanameva pryojnm| atastatra kvcinneshvrprsnggH| jaiminimatAnusAreNa tu vividhaphaladAyako dharma eva nezvaraH, parantu paravartibhiH mImAMsakai: laugAkSibhAskarAdibhiH IzvarArpaNabuddhayA kriyamANastu niHzreyasahetuH ityuktvA iishvrsiddhirbhyupgtaa| (7) vaizeSikadarzane - yadyapi vaizeSikadarzanam anIzvaravAdidarzanaM parantu vaizeSikadarzanasya prazastapAdabhASyasya sargotpattiprasaGge jagatkartRtvarUpeNa Izvarasyollekho vrtte| evaM sarveSvapi vaidikadarzaneSu yathAkathaJcit IzvarasiddhiH smuplbhyte| avaidikadarzanayoH bauddhajainayorapi Izvare mahatI bhaktirdazyate, paraM na tatra jagatkartRtvarUpeNa anAdimukta IzvaraH sviikriyte| itthaM bhAratIyadarzaneSu iishvrvicaaro'vaapyte| yadyapi IzvarasvarUpaviSaye matabhedAH santi, tathApi cArvAkaM parityajya sarve dArzanikA IzvarabhaktiM viddhtyev| IzvarabhaktyA paramaH santoSo jaayte| sa puruSavizeSa: syAt anAdirmukto vA syAt ! 411

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zramaNabelagolAyAM gommaTezvarasya mUrteH nirmANetihAsa: AdyatIrthaGkarasya RSabhadevasya putreSu sunandAtanayaH 'bAhuvalI' dvitIyaputraH (kaniSThaH) 'prathamakAmadevaH' ityapi nAmnA prasiddha aasiit| asya jyeSThabhrAtA yazasvatItanayaH ayodhyAnareza: 'bharata'(anenaiva nAmnA bhAratadeza: vikhyAtaH) aasiit| ekadA bharatena cakravartittvalAbhAya svAnuje bAhuvalinA zAsite podanapuranagare AkramaNaM kRtm| ahiMsAyuddhana bharata: parAjitaH / saMsArasya asAratAM vicintya bAhuvalI pravrajitavAn ugra-tapazca taptavAn / kAlAntare kevalajJAnaM prApya muktiM lbdhvaan| asya bhagavata evaM suramyA mUrtiH dakSiNaprAntasya karnATakapradezasya zramaNabelagolAyAM vindhyagirau viraajte| zravaNavelagolazabda: kannaDabhASAyAH zabdaH / Adau iyaM nagarI 'zravaNabilikolA' nAmnA khyAtA AsIt / kAlAntare 'zravaNavelagolA' iti jaataa| jainasAdhavaH 'zramaH' (zrAmyanti bAhyAbhyantaratapazcarantIti zramaNAH), zramaNazabda eva apabhraMze shrvnnH| 'vili' zabdaH zvetArthaka: 'gola' zabdazca sarovarArthakaH / itthaM zravaNavelagolazabdaH 'jainasAdhUnAM zvetasarovaraH' ityarthe pryvsnnH| anena jJAyate yadiyaM nagarI jainAnAM tapobhUmirAsIt / asyAH nagaryAH uttaradazi candragiriH dakSiNadizi vindhyagiriH shobhete| nagaryAH madhyabhAge 'kalyANI' sarovaro vilsti| zrUyate bhagavato'mRtopasamamabhiSekajalamasminneva sarovare guptamArgeNa Agatya punyjiibhuutm| hindUsamAje kAzI-rAmezvarayoH, IsA-dharmAnuyAyiSu yaruzamalavaitulahamayoH musalimamanurAigiSu makkA-madInAsthAnayoH yathA mahattvaM prasiddhaM tathaiva jainAnAM kRte zravaNabelagolA-sammedazikharayoH / zravaNabelagolAyAH prasiddhiH 'jainavadrI''jainakAzI' iti nAmadvayenApi asti / 'grenAiTa' prastaravizeSanirmitavindhyAgirau anAvRttAkAze vartamAnA saptapaJcAzat phITaparimitonnatA khaDgAsanA bhavyA vizAlA zAntipradA manojJA samastasaMsAra zilpakalAyAzcAdabhutA bAhuvalimUrtiH jaina-jainetarANAM sarveSAM tIrthayAtRRNAM kRte aakrssnnkendrm| asyAH sthApanA ekasahasravarSapUrva dazamazatAbdI abhuut| gaGganarezasya rAcamallacaturthasya (I0 san 974-984) zAsanakAle tasya senApatinA cAmuNDarAyeNa kRtaa| asyAH pratiSThApakAcArya: nemicandrAcAryasiddhAntacakravartI AsIt / zilpakAraH kaH ? iti nizcitaM naasti| asyA mUrteH nirmANasyetihAsa: itthamasti zrUyate yat cAmuNDarAyasya mAtA kAlalAdevI ekadA AdipurANakathAprasaGge bharatacakravartinirmitAyAH 525 dhanuSAkAraparimitAyAH paJcamaNimayyA: bAhuvalino mUrtiviSaye shrutvtii| dharmavatsalAyAH mAtuH hRdi tasyAH mUrteH darzanasyotkaNThA balavatI jaataa| mAtRbhaktaH cAmuNDarAyaH mAturicchAmanusRtya saparikareNa podanapuranagaraM (pezAvaraprAnte, pAkistAnapradeze) prati prasthitavAn / mArge 'kaTivapra' nagaraM (zravaNabelagolAm) prApya vizrAntaH / atra candragirau nemicndraacaaryH| (cAmuNDarAyasya guruH) virAjamAnaH AsIt / kathyate yat kSetrasthAyAH zAsanadevyAH kUSmANDalyAH prabhAvaH rAtrau cAmuNDarAyeNa nemicandrAcAryeNa kAlalAdevyA ca sadRzaM svapnaM dRSTam-'podanapura dUrataraM vartate, panthAzca vakra: / tatra sthitA bAhuvalinaH mUrtiH kukkuTasarpavizeSairAvRtA satI adRzyA jaataa| ataH tasyAH darzanalAbhAbhAvAt tatra gamanaM nirarthakaM bhvissyti| he cAmuNDarAya! prAtaH utthAya uttarAbhimukhIbhUya pRSThabhAge dakSiNadizi zarasandhAnaM kuru| yatra zara: nipatet tatraiva bhagavato bAhuvalino darzanaM bhvissyti| tathAnuSThite zaraH vindhyagirau zikharabhAge vRhatpASANakhaNDe aptt| tadA tatra nirmalIkRte pASANe rekhAbhiH citritasthabAhuvalino darzanaM jAtam / taM rekhAcitramanusRtyaiva vartamAnamUrteH nirmANaM kRtaM kuzalazilpakAribhiH / pazcAt mahAmastakAbhiSeko vihitaH / taddinAdArabhya adyAvadhi mahAmastakAbhiSekasya paripATI pracalitA asti| tasmin pASANakhaNDe bAhubalino rekhAcitraM katham Agatam ? atrApi ekA kiMvadantI pracalitA asti yat purA bhagavAn maryAdApuruSottamaH zrIrAmacandraH laGkAM vijitya ayodhyAM prati prsthitvaan| mArge atra vizrAmamakarot / satyA sItAdevyA svasannihitapannagaratnanirmitabAhuvalino mUrtiH vindhyagirau taminneva pASANakhaNDe saMsthApya puujitaa| prasthAnakAle sA mUrtiH tatra sthirA jaataa| tadA zrIrAmacandreNa svadhanuSA bAhubalino mUrteH citraM tasmin zilAkhaNDe rekhaangkitm| rekhAGkitA sA mUrtireva bahukAlAnantaraM cAmuNDarAyena vartamAnarUpaM praaptvtii| purAtattvavidphargyusanamahodayena iyaM mUrtiH vizvasya srvotkRssttkRtiruddhossitaa| gommaTa:' cAmuNDarAyasya apara nAm AsIt tasmAt gommaTasya Izvara: gommaTezvara: 'bAhuvalI'tyarthaH / ayameva mUrtinirmANasyetihAsaH saMkSiptaH / tasmaiH namaH - zrI vtsaadimhaalkssmlkssitottuNgvigrhm| nAmnAmaSTazatenAhaM stoSye shriigommtteshvrm|| 412

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jainadarzanAnusAraM nArINAM sthitiH samudravIcIcapalasvabhAvAH, sandhyAbhrarekheva muhuurtraagaaH| striyaH kRtArthAH puruSaM nirarthakaM, nipIDitAlaktakavat tyjnti|(uttraa0 cUrNi, pR0 65) durgAcaM hRdayaM yathaiva vadanaM ydrpnnaantrgtm| bhAvaH parvatamArgadurgaviSamaH strINAM na vijnyaayte|| (sUtrakRtAGgavivaraNam 1.4.23) suThuvi jiyAsu suThuvi piyAsu saTThavi lddhpraasu| aDaIsu mahiliyAsu ya vIsaMbho neva kaayvvo|| (tadeva) ityAdIni kAnicit zvetAmbarAcAryavacanAni puraskRtya bhUyobhUyo jainasaMskRti strIjAtivirodhinIm udghoSya sA''krozaM nindanti pAzcAttyasabhyatAprabhAvitA bhAratIyA narA naaryshc| sUtrakRtAGganiryuktau spaSTamevoktam "ee ceva ya dosA purisa-samAye vi itthiyANaM pi' arthAt ye ye cAritragatAH zIlapradhvaMsakA doSAH nArISu pradazitAste sarve puruSeSvapi snti| ato vairAgyamArgagAminIbhiH nArIbhiH puruSebhyaH svakIyaM zIlarakSaNaM kartavyam / evaM jainAcAryai: vairAgyabhAvanApravarddhanAya eva nArISu doSAH dazitAH / vastutastu te doSA: kaamvaasnaagtaaH| vilAsino narA AcAryavacanAni anyathA prkttynti| prANimAtraM prati samatAyAH pracAro jainadArzanikaiH kRtaH / samatAvAdaparipoSakajainadarzanAnusAraM sarve prANinaH samAnadharmANaH / svakRtakarmAnusAraM te saMsAre vibhinna-yoniSu pribhrmnti| sadAcArasAdhanaiH samyagdarzanajJAnacAritraiH yadA te pUrvabaddhakarmANi sarvANi nirjIrNayanti tadA te saMsArAd vimuktA bhavanti / tatra naro vA nArI veti prakArabhedo naasti| yadyapi itaradharmApekSayA nArINAM svAtantryaviSaye jainadharmasya vyavasthA vyAvahArikI udArA cAvalokyate parantu sahavartidharmaparamparAyAH prabhAvAt nArINAM svAtantrya viSaye kramazaH avamUlyanaM jaatm| dhArmikakSetre sAmAjikakSetre ca sarvatra puruSaiH saha nArINAM samakakSatA svIkRtA jainaiH / nArInarayo: yo bhedo dRzyate sa tu karmakRtaH / strINAM viSaye mUlataH kApi garhitA bhAvanA nAsIt / kAlAntare svArthasiddhaye vilAsibhi: naraiH patnIsampattirUpo'dhikAra: svIkRtaH parantu evaM nAnumatam jainadarzane / puruSa-tulyA evA'dhikArA: strINAmapi svIkRtA jainadarzane / tasyA liGgabhedakRtAH sarvA apyanarhatAH samAptAH / yogyatAnusAraM sA sarvANyapi pdaanydhitisstthti| brAhmI-sundarI-rAjImatI-candanA-prabhRtayo vandanIyA nAryaH aasn| yathoktam RSimaNDalastave ajjA vi baMbhi-sundari-rAimaI candaNA pmukkhaao| kAlattae vi jAo tAo ya namAmi bhAveNaM / / 208 mahAnizIthasUtre sadAcArasampannA nArI dhanyA, puNyAvahA, vaMdanIyA, darzanIyA, sarvakalyANakArikA, sarvottamamaGgalapradA, sAkSAt zrutadevatA, sarasvatIprabhRtizabdaiH prazaMsitA / zvetAmbaraparamparAyAM tu mallinAthatIrthaGkaraH strIparyAyagataH svIkRtaH / jainadarzane tIrthaGkarapadaM srvotkRssttpdm| iishvrprtiruupm| digambaraparamparAyAM mallinAtha-tIrthaGkaraH puruSaparyAyagataH svIkRtaH, tatra strINAM mukti: strIparyAyeNa na sambhavati, tAH khalu janmAntare puruSaparyAyaM prApya nirvANaM lbhnte| vastutastu nirvANaprAptikAle liGgabhedo nAsti / evaM digambaraparamparAyAmapi striyaH nirvANalAbhAnna vaJcitAH / strIparyAyagatadoSAt tAH pUrNanagnadigambaramudrAM na dhArayanti / etasmAt kAraNAt tA: janmAntaraM gRhItvA tIrthaGkarAdipadaM prApnuvanti sadAcArabalAt / sadAcArasya eva prAdhAnyaM jaindrshne| ata saMnyAsinyaH striyaH upAsakai: naraiH pUjyAH / adhunA api anekAH striyaH bhikSuNyaH santi yAH khalu paramapUjyA santi jainsmaaje| jainadarzane caturvidhasaGghavyavasthA svIkRtA-bhikSusaGghaH, bhikSuNIsaGghaH zrAvakasaGghaH zrAvikAsaGghazca / sAMsArikasukhavaibhavAdikaM parityajya tapaHpradhAnapathAnusAriNyaH striyaH bhikSuNyaH, tAsAM saGghaH, bhikSuNIsaGghaH / gArhasthajIvanapathAnusAriNyaH sadAcAraparAyaNAH striyaH shraavikaaH| tAsAM saGgaH shraavikaasngghH| evaM dRzyate yat nara-nAryo: ko'pi bhedo naasti| jAtivarNa-vargabhedaM vinaiva kApi strI bhikSuNIsaGke prveshaarhaa| vidhavA, parityaktA, kumArI vA syAt sarvAsAM strINAM kRte, sadAcArasAdhanAni sulbhaani| tA eva tatra ayogyAH yA bAlikAH ativRddhAH, garbhiNyaH, unmattAH, saMkrAmakarogapIDitAH, aGgahInA vA snti| zIlarakSAyAH tatra vizeSaprabandho vrtte| tAsAM surakSA sunizcitA asti| ato bhikSuNInAM kRte tatra saGke vizeSaniyamAssanti / strIbhiH saha balAtkArAdisambhAvanAM vilokya tAsAM kRte nagnadigambaradIkSA 413

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vrjitaa| tAsAM prakRti sAmAjikaparivezaM ca vilokya puruSANAM svAbhAvikarUpeNa prAdhAnyaM jAtam / tAH rakSituM kSamAH puruSA eva! ataH manusmRtivad vyavahArabhASye kathitam - jAyA pittivvasA nArI dattA nArI ptivvsaa| vihavA puttavasA nArI natthi nArI syNvsaa|| iyamuktistAsAM rakSArthameva na tu svaatntryhnnaay| jainadharme vaidikapapamparAvat strINAM kRte dhArmikadRSTayA vivAhabAdhyatA naasti| vivAhaviSaye jainadharme kimapi noktm| tatra tu vaidikaparamparAvat sAmAjika-vyavasthA aasiit| adhunA digambarajainaiH jainavivAhavidhiH likhitH| sa vivAhavidhi: vaidikaparamparAyA naamaantrmev| kevalaM tatra saMzodhana kRtvA jainatIrthaGkarastuti: yojitaa| nArI samAjasya jananI, tasyA padaM nitarAM gurutrm| mAtA sA satI nirvyAjaM vAtsalyam asmAn pAyayati, pitAmahI satI vividhakArye vyApRtAnAm asmAkaM zizun paripAlayati, patnI satI praNayarasadhArayA jIvanamarusthalam asmadIyaM srsyti| bhaginI satI snehapradAnena pAvayati, putrIrUpeNa cotsaGgadurlalitA manasi taraGgayati vaatslygnggaam| itthaM ko nAma pakSo yastayA naadhikriyte| tasyA etAdRzam ananyabhajanIyaM mahattvamanubhUyaiva prAcInairAcAyaiH sA patyuH sahadharmacAriNI proktaa| tasyA zuddhyA sakalasyApi kulasya samAjasya ca shuddhiH| sA yadi caritrAd bhrazyate, bhraSTo nAma sarvo'pi smaajH| ata eva nArImaryAdA sarvadaiva rakSaNIyA ghoSitA jainaacaaryaiH| brahmacaryasAdhanArthaM sahAyakarUpeNa vivAhavidhi: jainaiH sviikRtH| vivAha: kAmavAsanAsaMyamArthameva, anyathA sarvatra vyabhicAra: prsjyet| jainaiH svapatnIsantoSavrataM puruSANAM kRte tathA svapatisaMtoSavrataM strINAM kRte vihitam / bahuvivAhaprathA yadyapi pUrvakAle pracalitA parantu sA nAnumoditA jainAcAryaiH / vivAha evaM yadA dhArmikakartavyarUpeNa na svIkRtaH tadA kimartha bhuvivaahprthaa| evameva niyogaprathA, satIprathA, vidhavAvivAhaprathA api nAnumoditA jainAcAryaiH / vidhavAnAM kRte bhikSuNIsaGghazaraNaM nyaayym| tatra saMyamadhanAya sarveSAM kRte udghATitAni dvArANi snti| atra Agatya tAH puruSairapi vandanIyA bhvnti| atra paratantratA naasti| nArIzikSAviSaye jainA: udAravRttayaH / jainabhikSuNInAM vidvattAviSaye pramANAni na kevalaM jainagrantheSu, apitu bauddhagrantheSvapi prApyante / tAH khalu AgamavidaH svAdhyAyaparAyaNAssanti / brAhmIsundarI-prabhRtayaH bhikSuNya: jJAnavijJAneSu niSNAtA aasn| antakRddazAprabhRti-AgamagranthaiH varNyate yat bhikSuNyaH ekAdazAGgagrantheSu pAraGgatAH aasn| strINAM puruSANAJca zikSAkSetre samAnAdhikAro'sti jaindrshne| evaM sarveSu kSetreSu nAryaH puruSasamAnadharmAH Asan, santi ca jaindhrmaanusaarm| tatra karmAnusAriNI vyavasthA vrtte| yadyapi tadAnIM doSA api Asan parantu te na AgamasammatAH / yathA bhavabhUtikRte uttararAmacarite brahmavidyAdhyAyinyaH striyaH ullikhitAH santi tathaiva jainazAstreSu api jainaviduSINAmullekho milati / etAdRzeSu satsu pramANeSu ko nAma kathayed yat na yasya purA'pi nArINAM jainAgamA'dhyayane adhikAra aasiit| dRSTivAdaviSaye yadyapi adhyayanasya paramparA AsIt kintu laukikatantramantrAdInAM zikSA sarveSAM kRte nAnumatA AsIt / sA zikSA dRDhasanmArgagAminAmeva, na sarveSAM lobhAt ptnsmbhvaat| vastutaH jainadarzane vairAgyabhAvanAyAH prAdhAnyaM, tasmAt tatra tathA vyavasthA dRzyate yathA sanmArgacyutiH na bhavet / apekSAbhedena yogyatAdhAreNa ca sAMsArikI vyavasthA sviikRtaa| evaM jainadarzane puruSa-tulyA evA'dhikArAH svIkRtAH striinnaampi| ye doSAH samAgatAH te samasAmayikaparisthitivazAt samAyAtAH / iti zam / kiM jainadarzanaM nAstikam ? jainadarzanamAstikaM nAstikaM veti vicAro'tra prstuuyte| tatra 'nAstiko vedanindaka' ityAcAryamanunA praNItaM (2.11) manusmRtivAkyamanusRtya kecana vedapakSapAtinassAmpradAyikA AstikanAstikadarzanabhedena bhAratIyadarzanaparamparAM dvidhA vibhaajynti| tatrAstika-nAstikadarzanayoH parigaNitAni darzanAnImAni(ka) Astikadarzanam - vedAntadarzanaM (uttaramImAMsA vA), mImAMsAdarzanaM (pUrvamImAMsA vA), sAMkhyadarzanaM, yogadarzanam, nyAyadarzanaM, vaishessikdrshnnyc| 414

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(kha) nAstikadarzanam - jainadarzanam, bauddhadarzanam, cArvAkadarzanaJca / vaibhASika-sautrAntika-yogAcAramAdhyamikAbhidhAnAni bauddha darzanasya catvAri prasthAnAni saMyojya SaD nAstikadarzanAnyapi bhvnti| vibhAgo'yaM saamprdaayikH| sa ca yuktyA na saGgacchate / yathA hi - (1) asti nAsti diSTaM matiH (a0 4.4.60) iti pANinIyasUtraM hRdi nidhAya 'asti paralokaviSayiNI matiryasya sa AstikaH, nAsti paralokaviSayiNI matiryasya sa nAstikaH' iti vyAkhyAnusAreNa jainadarzanaM kathamapi nAstikaM na bhavitumarhati na / tat na kevalaM svarganarakAdirUpaparalokaM svIkaroti apitu, tatsiddhayarthaM pussklprmaannaanypyupsthaapyti| bauddhadarzanamapi paralokasvIkaraNAnna naastikm| anayA dizA kevalaM cArvAkadarzanameva nAstikadarzanakukSau smaayaati| (2) Atmano kUTastha-nityatvAbhAve kathaM svarganarakAdirUpA paralokavyavasthA sambhavet' iti cenna, jainadarzanaM na nAstikam, yato hi jainadarzane dravyAtmanA (dravyArthikanayApekSayA nizcayanayApekSayA vA) nityatvameva sviikRtmaatmnH| uktaJca kundakundAcAryeNa paJcAstikAyagranthe - maNusattaNeNa NaTTho dehI devo havedi idaro vaa| ubhayattha jIvabhAvo Na Nassadi Na jAyade annnno||17|| so caiva jAdi maraNaM jAdi Na NaTTho Na ceva uppnnnno| uppaNNo ya viNaTTo devo maNasatti pjjaao||18|| evaM manuSyAdiparyAyeSu jIvabhAvo na nazyati, na cAnyarUpeNa jaayte| utpAdavyayabhAvau manuSyAdiparyAyeSu bhvtH| apekSAbhedena kathaJcidanityatvamapi svIkRtamanyathA bandhamokSAdivyavasthA na sambhavet / iyaM vyavasthA sarvairAstikadarzanairapi svIkaraNIyA svIkRtA ca prakArabhedena / itthaM jainadarzanamAstikamiti na kApi viprtipttiH| (3) 'IzvaraM jagataH kartAraM pAlakaM saMhArakaJceti tridhA yassvIkaroti sa Astikastadbhinno nAstikaH' -anena prakAreNa yadyAstikanAstikayovibhAgo bhavettahi sAMkhyadarzanaM mImAMsAdarzanaJca nAstikatAmApadyetAmIzvarasyAnaGgIkArAt etaadRshsy| kiJca, IzvaraM svIkurvatAmapi mataikyaM nAsti / yathA yogadarzane klezAdimukta: puruSavizeSa rUpa iishvrssviikRtH| vedAntamate paramabrahmaNo vivrtruupaatmko'bhyupgtH| naiyAyikamate asau saSTikartA mtH| nAstikadarzaneSu jainAcAryA arhantaM (tIrthaGkaram karmavipramukta puruSavizeSam), bauddhAzca bhagavantaM buddham IzvararUpeNa aharnizaM puujynti| itthaJca na jainadarzanaM naastikm| yadi cet sRSTikartarIzvarasyAnaGgIkaraNAjjainadarzanaM nAstikaM tarhi mImAMsakA: sAMkhyAzca kathaM nAma na nAstikA bhaveyuH / vastuto vedAntamate'pi zuddhabrahmatattvaM sRSTayAdikriyAM na kroti| (4) 'ye vedaM pramANatvenAGgIkurvanti te AstikAstadanye sarve nAstikAH' ityAstikanAstikayoH paribhASA'pi naavybhicaarinnii| yato hi zaGkarAcArya prabhRtibhissAMkhyAnAM vaizeSikaprabhRtInAJca matAni vedabAhyatvena khaNDitAni, sA ce yaM vedbaahyshvrklpnaa'nekprkaaraa| kecitsAMkhyayogavyapAzrayAH klpynti| pradhAnapuruSayoradhiSThAtA kevalaM nimittakAraNamIzvara itaretaravilakSaNaH pradhAnapuruSezvara iti| tathA vaizeSikAdayo'pi kecitkathaJcit svaprakriyAnusAreNa nimittakAraNamIzvara iti varNayanti (vedAntadarzanam 2.2.37.) / jainadarzanasya khaNDanaM kurvadbhiH kazcidapi vidvadbhiH jainadarzanaM nAstikadarzanamiti noktam, yathA tatraiva bhASyaratnaprabhATIkAyAm (2.2.37)- 'karmaphalaM saparikarAbhijJasaparikarAbhijJadAtRkaM karmaphalatvAt sevAphalavaditi gautamA digambarAzca' ityabhihitam / na cAtra nAstikasaMjJayA digambarANAM jainAnAmullekhaH / evaM rItyA sAMkhyAdayo naastiktaamaaporn| parametAvatApi na te nAstikA apitu AstikA eva kathyante iti mhccitrm| evaJca jaina darzanasyAstikatve kaH khalu pradveSa AstikAbhimAninAmiti na vidmH| (5) kiJca, yadi vedaprAmANyavAdina AstikAstarhi kathaM vedaprAmANyavAdinaH paraspara vivadante ? yathA kecana vidhivAdinaH, anye bhAvanAvAdinaH, apare viniyogavAdinaH / tathA ca parasparabhinnaM dvaitAdvaita rUpaM tattvaM svIkurvantaH kathaM te vedaprAmANyavAdinaH? atra tu sAmpradAyikAgraha eva kAraNaM na kinycittaattvikm| kiJca, yatra virodho nAsti tatra jainA api vedaM pramANatvena svIkurvanti / yatra tu virodho dRzyate tatra te (anekAntavAdino jainAH) prakArAntareNa (nayabhedena) samanvayadRSTyA vyaakhyaanti| ato hemacandrAcAryeNa kathitam bhava-bIjAkarajananA rAgAdyAH kSayamupAgatA ysy| brahmA vA viSNurvA haro jino vA nmtsmai|| iyameva pravRttiH svIkRtA''stikadarzaneSvapi vilokyte| ataH kathaM nAma jainadarzanaM nAstikamiti ? 415

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(6) kiJca, yadi 'nAstiko vedanindakaH' ityeva nAstikasya lakSaNaM svIkuryAma tathApi jainadarzanasyAstikatvameva samAyAti na naastiktvm| yato hi vedasya pramukha rUpeNAyamudghoSaH 'mA hiMsyAt sarvabhUtAni' tanmUlabhUtavaidikaM viSayamaGgIkRtya jainadarzanaM svamataM praavrtisstt| ataeva jainadarzane ahiMsAyAH prAdhAnyaM sarvatraiva vilokyte| kiM bahunA, saMsArasya pratikaNaM jIvamavagamya jainamahAtmAno mahatA prabandhena avnti| ataH vede pratipAditasya ahiMsArUpasya pradhAnaviSayasya sUkSmAtisUkSmarUpeNa paripoSakaM pracArakaJca jainadarzanameva iti siddhayati tsyaastiktvm| 'vaidikI hiMsA hiMsA na bhavati' ityAbhANakasya tvanyaH kazcanAntarbhUta AdhAraH sa copekSyate / dharmasUtra-zrImadbhAgavatmahAbhArata-gItA-prabhRtivaidikAbhimatagrantheSvapi hiMsApradhAnavaidikayajJAdInAM nindA vihitaa| ukta bhAgavatapurANe kAminaH kRpaNA lubdhAH puSpeSu phlbuddhyH| agnimugdhA ghUmatAntAH svaM lokaM na vidanti te||11.21.27 / / hiMsA-vihArAhyAlabdhaH pazubhiH svsukhecchyaa|| yajante devatA yajJaiH pitRbhUtapatIn khalAH // 11.21.30 // uktaJca 'mahAbhArate kRSNamukhena yudhiSThiraM prati - AtmA nadI saMyamatoyapUrNA satyAvahA zIlataTA dyormiH| tatrAbhiSekaM kuru pANDuputra na vAriNA zuddhayati caantraatmaa| kiJca 'yogavAziSThe' rAmo jainayateH sthitiM kAMkSati nAhaM rAmo na me vAJchA bhAveSu na ca me mnH| zAntimAsthAtumicchAmi svAtmanyeva jino ythaa|| evameva bhatRharirapi 'vairAgyazatake' nivedayati ekAkI ni:spRhaH zAntaH pANipAtro digmbrH| kadA zambho bhaviSyAmi karmanirmalanakSamaH // 3.86 / / api ca udayanAcAryeNa 'nyAyakusumAJjalau' 'nirAvaraNadigambara' ityanena jainadarzanasyAstikatvameva smrthitm| kiMbahunA yaM zaivAH samupAsate ziva iti brahmeti vedAntino, bauddhA buddha iti pramANapaTavaH karteti naiyaayikaaH| arhannityatha jainazAsanaratAH karmeti mImAMsakAH, so'yaM no vidadhAtu vAJchitaphalaM trailokyanAtho hriH|| evameva mAnatuGgAcAryeNa 'bhaktAmarastotre' abhihitam buddhastvameva vibudhArcita-buddhibodhAt, tvaM zaMkaro'si bhuvntryshngkrtvaat| dhAtAsi dhIra ! zivamArgavidhervidhAnAt, vyaktaM tvameva bhagavan puruSottamo'si // 25 // etAvatA siddhaM bhavati yat pUrvasmin kAle jainadarzanaM na naastikm| puraM paravartini kAle sAmpradAyikAgrahAta asya gaNanA nAstikakoTau kRtA / jIva-paraloka-puNya-pApAdyastittvavAdinAM bauddhanaiyAyikasAMkhyajainavaizeSikajaiminIyAnAM saMkSepeNa kIrtanaM kRtvA AcAryo haribhadrasUri: 'SaDdarzanasamuccaya' granthe upasaMharannAha - evamAstikavAdAnAM kRtaM saMkSepakIrtanam // 77 // naiyAyikamatAdanye bhedaM vaizeSikaiH sh| na manyante mate teSAM paJcaivAstikavAdinaH // 78 / / dharmAdharmoM na vidyate, puNyapApayoH phalaM na staH, jIvaH, tasya astittvaM saMsArAt nivRttizca nAsti ityevaMvAdino lokAyatA nAstikA iti sarva SaDdarzanasamuccayasya (kArikA 7-9-60) tarkarahasyadIpikAyAM zrIgaNaratnasUriNA udghaattitm| 'prathamaM naastiksvruupmucyte| kApAlikA bhasmoddhUlanaparA yogino brAhmaNAdyantyajAtAzca kecana nAstikA bhavanti / te ca puNyapApAdikaM na manyante..............lokAyatA nAstikA evam itthaM vdnti|' bauddhadarzane'pi nAgArjunakRtaratnAvalyAM dhArmikAdhArmikabhedamanusRtya AstikanAstikayorvibhAgo dRzyate 416

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nAstiko durgatiM yAti sugatiM yAti caastikH| yathAbhUtaparijJAnAnmokSamadvayaniHsRtaH // 57 // (7) api ca, jainadarzanasya ziromaulibhUto viSayo anekAntavAda eva iti na tirohitaM zemuSIjuSAm / sa ca anekAntavAdo vede bahudhA prapaJcita iti parizIlanena pratibhAti / tat kiJcit prdryte| yathA nAsadIyasUkte nAsadAsInno sadAsIttadAnIM nAsodrajo no vyomAparo yt| AnIdavAtaM svadhayA tadekaM tasmAd dhAnyanna paraH kiM ca nAsa / / 10.129.1-2 // atha ca- tadejati tannaijati taddUre tdntike| tadantarasya sarvasya tadu sarvasyAsya bAhyataH (IzA 0 5) / kiJca, aNoraNIyAn mahato mahIyAn (kaTho0 1.2-20) ityAdibhiH pracurairmantrairanekAntavAda eva prapaJcito vrtte| sa eva anekAntavAdo jainadarzanasya prANabhUtaM tattvam / etenApi na jainadarzanasya vedabAhyatvamapitu vedAbhyantaratvameva iti siddhaM jaindrshnsyaastiktvm| (8) api ca, 'nAstiko vedanindakaH' ityatra yadi 'veda' padasya (jJAnArthaka viddhAtoniSpannatvAt) 'jJAnam artha: svIkriyeta tarhi kA hAniH / evaM ca 'prajJAnaM brahma'(aitareya0 5.4 tathA AtmaprabodhopaniSad) 'Rte jJAnAnna muktiH ' / 'prajJAnenaivamApnuyAt' (kaTho0 12.24) 'sarva tat prajJAnetre prajJAne pratiSThitam' (aita0 5.3) ityAdInAmupaniSadmantrANAM siddhirbhavet / jainadarzane'pi pratyekamAtmA anantajJAnasvarUpaH sviikRtH| mokSamArgaprasaGge ca 'samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH' (tattvArthasUtrA 1.1) ityatra madhye samyagjJAnasyollekhaH kRtaH / tena ca prakaTitaM yad jJAnaM vinA cAritraM nissphlm| vedA jJAnapuJja ityatrApi nAsti virodhaH / punaH kathaM jainadarzanasya nAstikatvam ? upasaMhAraH - etAvatA sarvaiH sandarbhe : siddhaM bhavati yad jainadarzanamAstikameva, na naastikm| ato nizcIyate yadayamAstikanAstikayovibhAgaH kevalaM sAmpradAyika eva, na tAttvikaH / tathA ca paralokAdikaM svIkurvatAM jainAnAM 'ahiMsA paramo dharma', iti vedapratipAditadharmaviSayiNyA buddheH sadbhAvAcca te kathaM nAma nAstikAH ? vastutastu 'dharmaviSayiNI buddhiryasya sa AstikastadviparItazca nAstika' iti vibhAgastu yauktikaH / itthaJca jainadarzanaM prmmaastikdrshnmevetylm| bhAratIyadarzaneSu bhramajJAnavicAraH ( khyAtivAdaH) 'zuktau rajatam', 'rajjau sarpaH', 'marIcikAyAM jalam', sthANau puruSaH, ityAdirUpaM bhramajJAnaM (viparyayajJAnaM) khyAtizabdena vyavahriyate bhaartiiydrshngrnthessu| 'khyA' prakathane + ktin pratyayaniSpanno'yaM khyAtizabdaH (khyApanaM khyAtiH) jJAnArthako drshnshaastre| khyAtiviSayikA vicAradhArA naikruupaa| atra prAdhAnyena nava vAdAssanti / yathA-(1) akhyAtivAdaH, (2) asatkhyAtivAdaH, (3) AtmakhyAtivAdaH, (4) prasiddhArthakhyAtivAdaH, (5) satkhyAtivAdaH, (6) alaukikArthakhyAtivAdaH, (7) vivekAkhyAtivAdaH, (smRtipramoSavAdaH, akhyAtivAdo vA), (8) anirvacanIyArthakhyAtivAdaH, (9) viparItArthakhyAtivAdaH (anythaakhyaativaadH)| tatra tattvopaplavasiMhacArvAkA akhyAtivAdam, zUnyavAdino mAdhyamikabauddhAH bAhyAnumeyavAdinaH sautrAntikabauddhAzca asatkhyAtivAdam, vijJAnAdvaitavAdino yogAcArabauddhA AtmakhyAtivAdam, sAMkhyAH prasiddhArthakhyAtivAdam, viziSTAdvaitavAdino rAmAnujAH satkhyAtivAdam, kecanAjJAtadArzanikA alaukikArthakhyAtivAdam, prabhAkaramImAMsakAH vivekAkhyAtivAdam, zAGkaravedAntino'nirvacanIyakhyAtivAdam, naiyAyikavaizeSika-bhATTamImAMsaka-vaibhASikabauddhA: jainAzca viparItArthakhyAtivAdam sviikurvnti| adholikhitAyAM kArikAyAM kevalaM paJca khyAtivAdAnAmullekho dRzyate AtmakhyAtirasatkhyAtirakhyAtiH khyaatirnythaa| tathA'nirvacanIyakhyAtirityetat khyaatipnyckm|| arthaH - AtmakhyAtiH, asatkhyAtiH, akhyAti: ( smRtipramoSaH ), anyathAkhyAtiH, anirvacanIyakhyAtiretat khyAtipaJcakaM prsiddhm| adhunA sarveSAM khyAtivAdAnAM vicAra: prastUyate - (1) akhyAtivAdaH - tattvopaplavavAdinaH cArvAkA bhramajJAnaM nirAlambamiti vicArya akhyAtivAdaM prtipaadynti| tadyathAmRga marIcikAyAM jalAvabhAsini jJAne jAte tatra jalaM nAlambanam, abhrAntattvaprasaGgAt / jalAbhAvo na tajjJAnasya viSayo, 417

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vidhiparatvenAsya pravRtteH / marIcayo'pi nAlambanaM, tdrhnne'bhraantttvprsnggaat| evaJca viparyayajJAnaM satyajJAnaM bhavet / sUryakiraNasamparkAt jalAkAreNa marIcigrahaNamapi na yuktaM, tdnytvaat| na khalu paTAkAreNa tadanyasya ghaTAdergrahaNaM bhavati / evaM bhramajJAnasthale jalAdiviparyayajJAnaM nirAlambanamiti / asmin jJAne kimapi na pratibhAsate tsmaadkhyaativaado'ym| siddhAnto'yamavicAritaramaNIyaM, na samyagiti, nirAlambanatvAd vizeSato vypdeshaabhaavprsnggaacc| evaM khalu vizeSAbhAvAd bhrAnti-suSuptAvasthayoravizeSatvaprasaGgaH syAt / prabhAkaramImAMsakA api akhyAtivAdinaH parantu teSAM siddhAnto bhinnH| te khalu smRtipramoSavAdino vivekAkhyAtivAdino vaa| ataH teSAM vicAraH tatraiva krissyaami| (2) asatkhyAti:- zUnyavAdino mAdhyamikabauddhA: bAhyAnumeyavAdinaH sautrAntikabauddhAzcAsatkhyAtiM svIkurvanti bhrmjnyaansthle| zuktau rajatapratibhAsijJAne yo'rthaH sadrUpeNa pratibhAsate sa vicAryamANe na sadrUpeNa tisstthti| naastiityskhyaatirevaasau| arthAt zuktau na zuktikAdipratibhAsaH, apitu rajatapratibhAsaH / rajatazca tatra nAstIti tasmAd asatkhyAtireva vrm| adhiSThAnarUpA yA zuktistatra rajatasyAsattvAt zuktau rajatapratibhAso viparItadharmakalpanAmAtram / tadyathA-zuktau 'idaM rajatam pratibhAse'smin vastusvarUpo jJAnasya dharmo'rthasya vaa| na prathamaH, ahamAkArapratItirabhAvAd bahi: (idam) rUpeNa prtiiymaantvaacc| na dvitIyaH, arthakriyAsAphalyarahitattvAduttarakAle baadhkjnyaansdbhaavaacc| ata: 'idaM rajatam' iti jJAne asadeva prtibhaaste| zUnyavAdinAM mate 'sarva zUnyamiti tasmAnna kasyApi padArthasya sadrUpeNa pratItirbhavati / idaM sarva vizvam adhyAsarUpaM, punaH kathaM bhramajJAnamasatkhyAtirna syaat| AkAzakusumavadasatpratibhAsakalpanA nocitA, asataH pratibhAsAsambhavAd, bhraantivaiciyaa'bhaavprsnggaacc| asatkhyAtivAde nArthagataM nApi jJAnagataM vA vaicitryaM sambhavati yenAnekaprakArA bhraantirbhvet| (3) AtmakhyAti:- jJAnasyaivAyamAkAro'nAdyavidyopaplavasAmayAd bahiriva pratibhAsateti vijJAnAdvaitavAdino yogaacaarbauddhaaH| anAdivicitrAvidyAvAsanAvipAkena anekAkArANi jJAnAni svAkAramAtrasaMvedyAni krameNa bhvntiityaatmkhyaatireveti| arthAt zuktigataM yad rajatajJAnaM bhavati tad AntaraM buddhisthameva, na bAhyam / ato buddhisthaM rajataM na snnaast| siddhAnte'smin svAtmamAtrasaMvittiniSThatve arthAkAratve ca jJAnasya AtmakhyAtisiddhyeta / evaM sati bhrAntAbhrAntaviveko bAdhyabAdhakabhAvazca na bhavatyavizeSAt / zuknyAdhAritaM rajatajJAnamAntaramiti cet kiM nAmA'yaM bhramaH / Atmani kriyAvirodhAt pratipattA ca tadupAdAnArthaM bahi: pravRttiH karoti tasmAdAtmakhyAtivAdo na sundrH| (4) prasiddhArthakhyAtiH - satkAryavAdinaH sAMkhyAcAryA bhramajJAnasthale prasiddhArthakhyAtiM svIkurvanti / tanmatAnusAreNa bhramajJAne pratItisiddhArthasyaiva pratibhAso bhvti| arthAt satpadArtha eva kAraNarUpeNa bhramajJAne prtiiyte| uttarakAle bAdhasambhave'pi yAvat pratibhAso bhavati tAvat yathArtha ev| yaH pratIyate so'styev| karatalAderapi pratibhAsabaleneva sttvm| anyathA (uttarakAle bAdhAnna tasya satteti sati) vidyudAderapi uttarakAle asatvAt pratIyamAna kAle'pi sattvasiddhirna syAt / tasmAt prasiddhArthakhyAtirevAbhyupagantavyam / atra sAMkhyasUtre sadasatkhyAtivAda: nirUpitaH / idaM zuktijJAnaM sat, rajatetijJAnamasaditi 'nedaM rajata' miti uttarakAlikajJAnena baadhitttvaat| siddhAnte'smin bhrAntA'bhrAntavyavahArAbhAvo dRzyate, sarvatra yathAvasthitArthagRhItittvAvizeSAt / kiJca, vidyudAdijJAne bAdhyabAdhakabhAvo na pratIyate, marIcikAdau jalajJAne tu uttarakAle bAdhyabAdhakabhAvo bhvti| anyathA uttarakAle udakAderabhAve'pi taccihvabhUtasya bhUsnigdhatAderupalambhaH syAt, na khalu vidyudAdivadudakAderapyAzubhAvI niranvayo vinAza: kvciduplbhyte| sarvajJAnAnAM yathArthaviSayatvAd bhramajJAnasyAbhAvo bhvet| (5) satkhyAtiH' - viziSTAdvaitavAdasya saMsthApako zrIrAmAnujAcAryo bhramajJAnasthale satkhyAtivAdaM saadhyti| tanmatAnusAreNa zuktau 'idaM rajatam' iti jJAnaM na mithyA, yataH 'sarva sarvAtmakam' iti siddhAntadizA rajatanirmANakA: kecana tattvAMzAH zuktAvapi snti| ato na sarvathA'bhAvo zuktyAdiSu rjtaadiinaam| atra paJcIkaraNaprakriyAmapi pramANarUpeNa upasthApayatyAcAryaH, nAyaM siddhAnta: trksnggtH| evaM sati payasi kSIre ca, kAJcane lauhe ca, ghaTe paTe ca, ghRte mRttikAyAJca na ko'pi bhedaH syaat| paJcIkaraNamapi sukSmabhUtAnAmeva bhavati na bhautikpdaarthaanaam| kiJca yadi zukti: rajatamapyasti tadA bhrame dUrIbhUte sati 'zuktiriyaM nedaM rajatam' iti jJAnaM kathaM syAt ? (6) alaukikArtha-khyAtiH - yasyArthasya svarUpasya bAhyarUpeNa nirUpaNaM kartuM na zakyate tasyArthasya 418

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khyAtiralaukikatvAdalaukikArthakhyAtiH / asya matasyollekho jainanyAye vartate parantu tatra darzanavizeSasya nAmollekho naasti| siddhAnto'yamavicAritaramaNIyaM, tatra alaukikatvaM kimapi naasti| (7) vivekAkhyAti - (akhyAtiH, smRtipramoSaH, bhedAgrahaH) prabhAkaramImAMsakamatAnusAreNa bhramajJAnasthale na bhramaH, apitu dviprakArakaM jJAnaM tatra jAyate; ekaM tu pratyakSajJAnaM purovatano yathArthasya zuktipadArthasya, dvitIyaM smaraNarUpaM rjtjnyaanm| evam 'idaM rajatam' ityatra idamiti pratyakSajJAnam, pUrvadRSTarajatasaMskArajanyasAdRzyamAzritya jAtaM zuktau rajatasambandhijJAnaM smRtimAtrameva, jJAnadvayasya kAraNaviSayabhedo'pi vartate / tadyathA-pratyakSajJAnasya kAraNamindriyaM, smaraNajJAnasya kAraNaM saMskAra iti| pratyakSasya viSayo dRzyamAnA zuktiH, smaraNasya viSayaH pUrvadRSTaM rjtm| ato viSayabhedAt kAraNabhedAcca jJAnadvayaM svIkaraNIyam / tatra yathArthajJAnasya smRtistharajatasya ca bhedAgrahAdeva zukti: rajatavadAvabhAsate / evameteSAM mate zuktirajatayorbhedAgraha eva rajatajJAne hetuH / dvAvapi zuktirajatau prAbhAkaramate satyau evAGgIkRtau / yadA bhedagraho jAyate tadA na zuktyAdau rjtaadijnyaanm| 'idaM rajatam' ityatra 'idam' hi puro vyavasthitArthapratibhAsanaM, 'rajatam iti sAdRzyAdeH kutazcinnimittAtu pUrvAvagatarajatasmaraNam / etat smaraNamapi svarUpeNa nAvabhAsata iti smRtipramoSo'bhidhIyate / yatra hi 'smarAmi iti pratyayastatra na smRtiprmossH| smRtipramoSasya kAraNaM bhedA'graha ev| indriyAdigatadoSAt sAdRzyAdibalAcca atItarUpeNa rajatapratibhAso na bhvti| jainanyAyasya nyAyakumudacandrAdigrantheSu 'vivekAkhyAtiH' zabdasya prayogo dRzyate, bhedA'grahAd vivekAbhAvo bhavati, tasmAdiyaM vivekAkhyAtiH / atra bhedAgraharUpA yA kAraNatA pradarzitA prabhAkaramImAMsakena sA nocitaa| prabhAkaramate vivekAkhyAtirna smbhvti| tatra hi 'idam' iti pratyakSaM, 'rajatam' iti ca smaraNamiti saMvittidvayam anyonyabhedagrahaNenaiva saMvedyate, ghttpttaadisNvittivt| kiJca, vivekakhyAte: prAgabhAvo vivekaakhyaatiH| na cAbhAva: prbhaakrmte'sti| punaH kathaM vivekAkhyAtivAdaH sambhavati ? (8) anirvacanIyakhyAti: (anirvacanIyArthakhyAti:)-zaGkarAdvaitavAdino bhramajJAne yat zuktau rajatamAbhAsate na tat sat, nA'sat, nobhayam apitvanirvacanIyamiti sviikurvnti| tadyathA-yo yasmin jJAne pratibhAti sa tasya viSayaH / prAtibhAsikarajatasyottarakAle niSedho dRshyte| niSedho'yaM rajatasya anirvacanIyatAmeva prkttyti| tadevAnirvacanIyaM vastu yanna traikAlikaM sat, na ca traikAlikamasat, na vA sdsdubhym| zuktau rajatajJAne jAte rajatasya iyameva sthiti:-rajataM na sa vaktuM zakyate bhramanivRttau anavabhAsanAt, nAsad bhramakAle'vabhAsanAt, na cobhayaM, sadasadubhayAtmakasya padArthasya bodhAbhAvAd ubhydossaanussnggaacc| tasmAdayaM buddhisaMdarzito'rthaH sattvenAsattve nAnyena vA dharmAntareNa vaktuM na zakyate, itynirvcniiyaarthkhyaatirsiddhaa| __anirvacanIyakhyAtivAde na kevalaM sadvilakSaNataiva apekSyate sA tu asati zazazRGge bandhyAputre'pi vartate; na vA asadvilakSaNataiva apekSyate, sA tu sati paramAtmani brahmaNi api vrtte| ataH prAtibhAsikaM rajataM vyAvahArikaM jagadiva anirvacanIyaM, nAnyat kinyciditi| na sato brahmaNo niSedho yujyate, na vA asataH shshshRnggsy| parantu bhramanivRttau rajataM nissidhyte| ato rjtmnirvcniiymiti| atra idamapi jJeyaM yat sAmAnyarUpeNa zukti rajatodAharaNe pratibhAsikasyaiva rajatasya bhramanivRttau bAdha ucyte| vastutastu vyAvahArikasyaiva rajatasya niSedho bhavati, na praatibhaasiksy| yato rajatArthI bhramAt zuktiM vyAvahArikaM rajatamiti matvaiva pravartate, na prAtibhAsikaM rajataM mtvaa| bhramanivRttau nedaM vyAvahArika rajatamapitu pratibhAsikamiti mnyte| niSedhastu traikAlika eva bhavati, nAMzikaH, sa ca vyAvahArikasyaiva rajatasya bhavitumarhati, na praatibhaasiksy| yataH prAtibhAsika rajataM tu bhramakAle dRzyata ev| vyAvahArika rajataM tu zuktau na kadApi AsIt, na asti, na ca bhaviSyati / ataevoktamiSTasiddhikAreNa-'yat hi yadrUpaM pratiyogi na tat tenaiva rUpeNa nissedhym| kintu rUpAntareNa' / iyameva anirvacanIyA khyAti: yA zukkyAdau rajatAdInAm anirvAcyA api sthitenirvacanaM vidhatta iti| advaitavAdasiddhiM vinA na hi etat siddhyet| (9) anyathAkhyAti: ( viparItArthakhyAtiH )-sAdRzyAdikAraNasadbhAvAt kasyApi vastuno dharmANAm itaravastuni Aropo'nyathAkhyAtiH viparItArthakhyAtirvA / yathA zuktau rajatadharmANAmAropo'nyathAkhyAtiH / atra pUrvadRSTasya rajatasya smaraNameva draSTuH netrayoH dUrastharajatena saha sambandhaM sthaapyti| evamidaM rajatamityAdau dUravartino rajatasya purovartinA 'idam' ityanena sambandha eva zuktau rajatasya anyathAbhramasya kaarnnm| atra rajataviparItArthe zuktau 'idaM rajatam' ityAkArakaM jJAnaM vipriitaarthkhyaatiH| jJAne'smin zuktireva jJAnasya 419

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viSaya: kintu tadpasyAnavadhAraNAt sAdRzyAdikAraNAd indriyadoSavazAcca rajatAyAkAreNa adhyvsiiyte| bAdhottarakAlaM hi pratisandhatte zuktiriyaM, na rajatam, ityevaM pratibhAta iti| ato viparItArthakhyAtireva aashrynniiyaa| naiyAyikAH, kumArilabhaTTa-maNDanAdayo mImAMsakAH, jainAH, nimbArkamatAnuyAyinaH, caitanyasampradAyinazca anyathAkhyAti viparItArthakhyAtiM vA svIkurvanti / tatra kathaJcit prakArabhedo'pi dRzyate / yathA jainamate nedaM pratyakSajJAnamapitu prtybhijnyaanm| kiJca, asya jJAnasyAlambanaM smRtyupasthApitaM rajatamathavA svAkAraM guhya rajatAkAraM dhRtavatI shuktirev| yato bhramakAle zuktigataM trikoNAdikaM viziSTAkAraM na pratibhAti, cAkacikyAdisAdhAraNadharmasadbhAvAt pUrvadRSTarajatasmaraNaM bhvti| ata: svAkAraM guhya rajatAkAraM dhRtavatI zuktirAlambanaM bhvitumrhti| upasaMhAraH- evaM prakAreNa bhAratIyadarzanasya vividhaistattvAnveSakaiH bhramajJAnaviSaye ye vicArAH prakaTitAsteSAmanuzIlanena jJAyate yadeSAM sarveSAM vAdAnAM mUle dArzanikAnAM paramatattvasiddhAntaH kAraNarUpeNa smullsti| paramatattvAnugAmI kAraNakAryasiddhAntazca tatra heturUpeNa kaarymnutisstthti| tadyathA vijJAnAdvaitavAde yogAcArabauddhamate ekamAtra vijJAnaM taccAntarameva sat, na bAhyapadArthasya tadatiriktA sattA vrtte| anAdyavidyAvAsanAbalAdeva AntaraM vijJAnaM baahyvdaavbhaaste| zukti-rajatAdibAhyapadArthAnAM vijJAnAtiriktAstittvAbhAvAd bhramajJAne kathaM na saH siddhAntaH syAttarhi tatra AtmakhyAtiH sviikRtaa| evameva zUnyAdvaitavAde 'sarvaM zUnyam' iti siddhaantaadstkhyaatibhipretaa| zAGkarasiddhAnte ekasmin brahmaNi mAyayA 'atasmistabuddhiH' bhavati yathA vyavahArajagati tathaiva bhramasthale'pi 'atasmin (rajatabhinne zuktipadArthe) tadbuddhiH (rajatabuddhiH) bhvti| mAyA khalu sadasadobhayabhinnA anirvacanIyA svIkRtA, tasmAt bhramajJAnamapi tathaiva anirvcniiykhyaatiruupmiti| viziSTAdvaitavAde rAmAnujamate mAyA brahmaNa: sadpA zaktivartate, tasmAt bhramajJAnamapi 'sat' kathaM na syAt, jgtvt| ataH tatra stkhyaatiriti| mImAMsakA: svataHprAmANyavAdinastasmAd bhramajJAnamapi kathaM na syAt prAmANyAtmakaM, tacca jJAnadvayasvIkAre smbhvti| ataH te smRtipramoSavAdinaH / sAMkhyasiddhAnte satkAryavAda: sviikriyte| idaM jagatprakRteH pariNAmo vrtte| prakRtireva vibhinnarUpeNa pariNamati, sato vinAzo na bhvti| tasmAt prasiddhArthakhyAtireva varA tessaam| vastuvAdinyAyajainasiddhAnteSu viparItakhyAtiranyathAkhyAti prsiddhaa| Adhunika vaijJAnikadRSTyA iyameva saraNiH shreyskrii| alaukikArthakhyAtivAdaH cArvAkAnAmakhyAtivAdazca na vicaaraahau| idaM tu vizeSaH, sarveSu siddhAnteSu bhramajJAnaM prati sAdRzyamindriyagatadoSAdayazca kaarnnaani| smaraNamapi tatra kAraNam anyathA pUrvadRSTAdRSTapadArthasmaraNAbhAve bhramajJAnodaya eva na syaat| evaM sAdRzyAdikAraNabalAd atasmistadbuddhirUpaM jJAnaM bhramajJAnamiti dik| sandarbhAH - 1. nyAyamukundacandraH, pR0 60, prameyakamalamArtaNDa: (jinamatI-saMskaraNam), pR0 142 2. DA0 rAmamUti zarmA, advaitavedAnta, pR0 202 3. nyAyakumudacandraH, pR0 60, prameyakamala0 pR0 144 4. Hiriyanna Introduction to iSTasiddhiH ; prameyakamalamArtaNDa: pR0 146. 5. prameyakamalamArtaNDa:, pR0 144, nyAyakumudacandraH, pR. 61 6. sAMkhyasUtra 5.56 7. DA0 rAmamUrtizarmA : vedAntadarzanam, pR0 202 8. paM0 kailAzacandrazAstrI : jainanyAyaH, pR0 83 9. jainanyAyaH, pR0 73, bRhatI, pR0 53-55 prameyakamala0, pR0 151-152 10. prameyakamalamArtaNDa:, pR0 147, vedAntadarzanam pR0 203-204 11. vedAntadarzanam pR0 202, prameyakamalamArtaNDaH, pR0 146-149 / 420

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brahmavaivartapurANam : saMkSiptaH paricayaH bhAratIyavAGmaye itihAsa-saMskRti-dharmakAvyasAhityaprabhRtidRSTyA purANAnAM mahattvapUrNa sthAnaM vrtte| viSayadRSTayA purANAni vedaiH saha praadurbhuutaani| yathoktamatharvavedasaMhitAyAm-'RcaH sAmAni chandAMsi purANaM yajuSA saha' (71.7.24 ) zatapathabrAhmaNe'pi uktam-'purANaM veda'( 13.4.3.13 ) iti| atra purANazabdAt viSaya vizeSo gRhItaH, na aSTAdazapurANagranthAH / viSayavizeSaH khalu sRSTi-vivecanam, bhautikavijJAnasya rahasyodghATanaM, prAcInAkhyAnAnAmupanibandhanaM c| purA vedasaMhitAvat vipulakAyA purANasaMhitA AsIt / bhAratIyaparamparAnusAraM purANAnAmAdyapravacanakartA brahmA mnyte| tadanantaraM vaidikayugInAM purANavidyAyAH jJAnaparamparA maharSivedavyAsaM praaptaa| maharSiNA vedavyAsena vedasaMhitAvat purANasaMhitA api vibhktaa| vedavyAsena sUtajAtIya-lomaharSaNaziSyAya purANasaMhitAyAH kramabaddhasaMhitArUpeNa upadezaH kRtaH / lomaharSeNa tasya ziSyaparamparayA ca paravartinAm aSTAdazapurANAnAm upapurANAnAM ca racanA kRtaa| evaM vedavyAso vartamAnapurANAnAM kartA svIkriyate / matsya-mArkaNDeya-bhaviSya-bhAgavata-brahmabrahmANDa brahmavaivarta-vAmana-varAha-vAyu-viSNu-agni-nArada-padmaliGga-garuDa kUrma-skandapurANAni assttaadsh| yathoktam ma-dvayaM bha-dvayaM caiva bra-trayaM v-ctussttym| a-nA-pa-lliMga-kU-skAni purANAni prcksste|| kutracit vAyupurANasthAne zivapurANamityapi milati / purANAnAM vargIkaraNaM sAttvika-rAjasa-tAmasarUpeNApi kriyte| yathA viSNu-nArada-bhAgavatagaruDa-padma-varAha purANeSu viSNurbhagavAn sarvotkRSTadevarUpeNa svIkriyate, ata eva etAni SaTa sAttvika purANAni; brahma-brahmANDa-brahmavaivarta mArkaNDeya vAmana bhaviSyapurANeSu brahmA sarvotkRSTadevarUpeNa prakhyApyate, ata eva etAni SaT rAjasapurANAni; matsyakUrmaliGgaziva-skanda-agnipurANeSu zivaH sarvotkRSTadevarUpeNa ArAdhyate, ata eva etAni SaT tAmasapurANAni / idaM vargIkaraNaM na vaijJAnikaM, yataH sarveSu purANeSu IdRzI vyavasthA na dRshyte| purANAnAM racanAkAlaviSaye naikamatyaM vartate / eteSAM purANAnAM kecidaMzA atiprAcInAH, kecicca paravartinaH / tatra brahmavaivartapurANasya racanA yadyapi saptazataIsavIye saMjAtA, parantu vartamAnaM rUpaM SoDazazatAbdIkAlikaM jnyaayte| bhAgavata-viSNu-nAradapurANavat brahmavaivartapurANamapi vaiSNavadharmAnukUlaM puraannm| vaiSNavadhameM zrIkRSNaH sarvotkRSTaH / purANe'smin brahmavaivartapurANe zaktisvarUpayA rAdhayA sahitaH zrIkaSNa eva ArAdhyaH / zrIkRSNa evaM brahma, nAnyo devaH / vivartasya bhAvaH vaivartam, brahmaNo vaivartam brahmavaivartam, tadadhikRtya racitaM purANaM brhmvaivrtpuraannm| bhAgavata-zivanArada-matsyapurANAnusAraM brahmavaivartapurANasya zlokasaMkhyA aSTAdazasahasramitI asti / matsyapurANAdiSu asya purANasya viSaye yad varNanaM milati tanna uplbdhsNskrnne| brahmaprakRti-gaNezakRSNajanmabhedena purANamidaM catu:khaNDeSu vibhktm| eSu caturyu khaNDeSu zrIkRSNa eva vyaaptH| tatra brahmakhaNDe sRSTivarNanam, brahma-parabrahmaNoH svarUpanirUpaNaJca / sRSTivarNanam alaukikam adbhutam aaksmiknyc| brahmazabdo'tra kRSNavAcakaH / yathoktaM purANe'smin prathamakhaNDe - sa cAtmA parama brahma kRSNa ityabhidhIyate / / 1 3.24 kRSistadbhaktivacano nazca tddaasyvaackH| bhaktirdAsyapradAtA yaH sa kRSNaH parikIrtitaH / / 13.25 kRSizca sarvavacano nakAro biijvaackH| sarvabIjaM paraM brahma kRSNa itybhidhiiyte|| 13 26 saH kRSNaH sarvasRSTathAdau sisRkSureka eva c| sRSTayunmukhastadaMzena kAlena preritaH prabhuH / / 13.29 svecchAmayaH svecchayA ca dvidhArUpo babhUva h|| strIrUpA vAmabhAgAMzA dakSiNAMzaH pumAn smRtH|| 13.29 evamidaM brahmavaivartapurANaM vastutaH shriikRssnnvaivrtpuraannmiti| tasyaiva vivarto jagat, yathoktaM prakRtikhaNDe prakRtisvarUpam - triguNAtmakasvarUpA yA srvshktismnvitaa|prdhaansRssttikrnne prakRtistena kthyte|| 12.1 sA ca brahmasvarUpA ca mAyA nitysnaatnii| yathAtmA ca yathA zaktiryathAgnau dAhikA smRtaa|| 12.9 421

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ata eva hi yogIndra strIpuMbhedena mnyte| sarva brahmamayaM brahman zazvat pazyati naard|| 12.10 evaM dvitIye prakRtikhaNDe prakRteH svarUpaM nirUpya devadevyutpattiH nirUpitA vrtte| brahmA-viSNu-maheza agnivaruNa-vAyuprabhRtidevAnAM, durgA-lakSmI-sarasvatIsAvitrIprabhRtidevInAmutpattiH zrIkRSNAdezAt taccharIrAd bhvti| rAdhA tu zrIkRSNasya vAmAMzarUpA ev| sarvaprathamaM tu saiva jaayte| tajjAtAyAM satyAM nirAkArabrahma sAkAratAM yaati| tadanantarameva rAsalIlA snggcchte| asminneva khaNDe gaGgA-sAvitrI-lakSmI-svAhA-svadhA-rAdhikA-durgAprabhRtyupAkhyAnAni snti| zivazaGkhacUDa-yuddham, zrIkRSNaguNakIrtanam, karmavipAkaH, indraM prati durvAsasaH zApaH, rAjJasurathasya vaizyasamAdhezca vRttAntaH, tulasIvRkSasya tatpatrANAJca mAhAtmyamapi asti| zrIkRSNakRtadurgAstotramapi asya khaNDasya antime bhAge vrtte| tRtIye gaNezakhaNDe gaNapati gaNezadevasya AkhyAnam asti| atra gaNezaH zrIkRSNAvatArarUpeNa citritH| asmin khaNDe gaNezasya janmaviSayako vicAraH, pArvatI prati harivratakaraNAya zivasyopadezaH, stavaprItena kRSNena pArvatyai nijarUpapradarzanaM varapradAnaJca, gaNezamastake gajamukhayojanahetukathanam, gaNezasya ekadantattve vivaraNaM, parazurAmasya rAjasamIpaM dUtapreSaNam cAsti / gaNezasya ekadantattve kAraNaM yathA ekadA parazurAmaH kSatriyAn vijitya zivapArvatyoH darzanArthaM gataH, tadA zrIgaNezena dvAre vaarito'sau| kathitaJca zrIgaNezena kSaNaM tiSTha kSaNaM tiSTha zRNu bhrAtaridaM vcH| rahaHsthalaniyukto na draSTavyaH strIyutaH pumaan|| 57.4 zrIgaNezasya etadvacanaM zrutvA rAgataH parazuhastaH parazurAmo nirbhayaM gntumdytH| zrIgaNezakRtaM mArgAvarodhaM vIkSya parazurAmeNa parazuH zrIgaNezaM prati cAlitaH / tena parazunA zrIgaNezasya ekadantakSayo jAtaH yathoktam - pituravyarthamastraJca dRSTvA gaNapatiH svym| jagrAha vAmadantena nAstraM vyarthaJcakAra ha / / 57.35 nipatya pazuvegena chittvA dantaM smuulkm| jagAma rAmahastaJca mahAdevabalena c|| 57.36 gajAnanasya kathA brahmavaivartapurANe abhinavakalpanAprasUtA dRzyate / yathApArijAtaprasUnaM yaddataM nArAyaNena vai| tacca dattaM mahendrAya munIndreNa mahAtmanA / / 53.20 sarvavighnaharaM puSpaM naaraaynnniveditm| mUrnIdaM yasya devendra jayastasyaiva srvtH|| 53.22 jJAnena tejasA buddhyA vikrameNa balena c| sarvadevAdhikaH zrImAn haritulyaparAkramaH / / 53.24 zakro rambhAntike puSpaM saMsthApya gjmstke|shkro bhraSTazriyaM dRSTvA sA jagAma suraalym|| 5326 haristanmastakaM chittvA yuyoja tena baalke|| 53 29 caturthe karuNajanmakhaNDe kRSNasya janmanA saha yuddhavijayasya rAsalIlAyAzca sarasaM varNanamasti / rAdhA atra kRSNasya abhinna zaktirUpeNa, upasthitA / yadyapi viSNupurANe'pi kRSNasya jIvanaM citritaM tathA gopIbhiH saha kRSNasya rAsalIlAyA api vistareNa varNanamasti, tathApi tatra rAdhAyAH nAmollekho naasti| brahmavaivartapurANe saiva sarvatra vyAptA, sarvadevadevIbhyaH sarvotkRSTA dRzyate c| purANe'smin tasyAH sAkArarUpaM varNitaM, bhaktimArgIyasiddhAntAnusAram AdhyAtmikaM rUpaM ca prdttm| rAsavilAsaprasaGge yadyapi laukikajAravat zRGgArasya parAkASThA citritA, tathApi vicArakAle 'sA paramezvarasya nirAkArA zaktiH etasmAt kAraNAt tayoH rAsalIlA na bhautikI, apitu advaittttvniruupikaa| yathA rAdhAkRSNayoH rAsalIlA - kaTAkSakAmabANaizca viddhaH kriiddaarsonmukhH| mUrchA prApya na papAta na tasthau sthANusamo hriH| 74.62 kSaNena cetanAM prApya yayau rAdhAntikaM mudaa|| kRtvA vakSasi tAM prItyA samAzliSya cucumba sH|| 64 mano jahAra rAdhAyAH kRSNastasya ca sA mune| jagAma rAdhayA sArdhaM rasiko rtimndirm|| 66 paramezvarAdabhinnA rAdhAdayo, yathAetasminnantare durge dvidhArUpo babhUva sH| dakSiNAGgazca zrIkRSNo vAmA Ggazva raadhikaa|| 39.21 babhUva gopIsaGghazca rAdhAyA lomkuuptH| zrIkRSNalomakUpebhyaH babhUvuH srvvllbhaaH|| 39.29 rAdhAzabdasya vyAkhyA'pi etasmin prasaGge draSTavyArA-zabdoccAraNAd bhakto, yAti muktiM sudurlbhaam|dhaa-shbdoccaarnnaad durge dhAvatyeva hareH padam / / 29.26 rA-ityAdAnavacano dhA ca nirvaannvaack| tato'vApnoti muktiJca sA ca rAdhA prkiirtitaa|| 26.28 asmin khaNDe kecit varNita viSayAH, yathA-zrIkRSNajanmapUrvopakramaH, pUtanAmokSaH, zrIkRSNasya bAlalIlA, vivAhaH, gopIvastrApaharaNaM, jayadurgAvratakathanam, indrayAgavarNanam, zrIkRSNaprabhAvakathanam, rukmiNIvivAhe yuddham, vANAsura 422

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yuddham, rAsakrIDA, golokagamanam, puraannptthnshrvnnaadimaahaatmym| itthaM brahmavaivartapurANam aSTAdazapurANeSu prAyaH sarga-pratisargaprabhRtipaJcapurANaviSayANAM pramukharUpeNa varNanaM milati, parantu brahmavaivartapurANe sRSTerutpattiviSaye kiJciduktvA purANakAraH kathA-upAsanAsAdhanAprabhRtIn viSayAn abhinavarUpeNa camatkArapUrNayA alaGkArikazailyA prtipaadyti| anyapurANApekSayA bhinnatAyA pravRttiH brahmavaivartapurANe na kevalaM rAdhAvarNanaprasaGge dRzyate, api tu anyAsu kathAsu api avlokyte| yathA-pUtanAyA nindA sarvatra milati, parantu na tathA atra, apitu kRSNapremavazAdeva tathA tathAcaraNaM kRtm| pUrvajanmani sA balirAjasya kanyA ratnamAlA AsIt / yathoktam - baliyajJe vAmanasya dRSTvA rUpaM mnohrm| balikanyA ratnamAlA putrasnehaM cakAra tm|| 64.41 manasA mAnasaM cakre putrasya sadRzo mm| bhaved yadi stanaM dattvA karomi taJca vksssi|| 64.42 haristanmAnasaM jJAtvA papau janmAntare stnm| dadau mAtRgati tasyai kAmapUraH kRpaanidhiH|| 64.43 datvA viSastanaM kRSNaM pUtanA rAkSasI mune| bhaktyA mAtRgatiM prApa kaM bhajAmi vinA hrim|| 64.44 evameva mathurAyAM vRddhA kubjA zrIkRSNasya dRSTipAtamAtreNa dvAdazavarSIyA manoharA kanyA sNjaataa| zrIkRSNasya antimakAlasya vRttAntamapi bhinnmev| gaNezakhaNDe AgatA gaNezajanmakathA api apUrvA zrutivedasudurlabhA c| ata eva sarvatra vicArapUrvakA arthasaGgatiH krnniiyaa| anyathA atattvazraddhAnaM bhvissyti| purANamidaM sarveSu purANeSu sArabhUtaM, vedasammataM, kalpavRkSarUpaM, sarvatattvajJAnavivarddhakaM bhaktipradaM copavarNitaM purANakAreNa / yathoktam sArabhUtaM purANeSu brhmvaivrtmuttmm| purANopapurANAnAM vedAnAM bhrmbhnyjnm|| haribhaktipradaM srvtttvjnyaanvivrddhnm| kAminAM kAmadaM cedaM mumukSUNAJca mokssdm| bhaktipradaM vaiSNavAnAM, klpvRksssvruupkm|| 1.39-41 // iti / / svarUpasambodhanadezanAyAH parizIlanam AgamAnusAramadhyAtmarahasya prakAzakaM kAlajayIpaJcaviMzati padyAtmakaM svarUpasambodhananAmakaM zAstraM svAnubhUtyA janakalyANArthaM jainadarzanasya prANabhUtamanekAntasiddhAnta-prakhyApanArthaJca paramapUjya-nyAyacUDAmaNyAcArya-bhaTTAkalaGkadevena viracitaM saptamazatAbdau khrissttaabdsy| tasya mahattvamavalokya satyAnveSiNA nyAyazAstravizAradena adhyAtmarasapAnalolupena vimalavirAgavizuddhena zrI 108 AcAryavizuddhasAgareNa saralarItyA tasya gUDharahasyaM svakIyena parizIlanena smygudghaattitm| nijAtmani parasparavirodhIguNAnAmavirodhena apekSAbhedAt sthitiH kathaM bhavatIti granthe'smin nijAtmatattvasya prruupnnm| yathA - saH cidAnandaikasvarUpAtmA muktAmuktaH, grAhyAgrAhyaH, anAdyanantaH, ekAnekaH, cidAcidsvarUpaH, vaktavyAvaktavyaH, svadehapramANaH sarvagataH, jJAnAdbhinnAbhinnaH prbhRtyH| mUlagranthakAraH bhaTTAkalaGkaH AcAryabhaTTAkalaGkasya bhASAzailI pataJjalipraNItamahAbhASyavat bhartRharikRta-vAkyapadIyavat atigambhIrA vrtte| paM. kailAzacandrazAstriNA asya janmasamayaH 620-680 IsavIyaH nirdhAritaH kintu paM. mahendrakumAranyAyAcAryeNa tu 720780 sunishcitH| jainaparamparAyAM jainanyAya-saMsthApakarUpeNa samantabhadrAcAryaH khyAtaH tadanantaraM bhaTTAkalaGkAcAryaH jagati pratipratiSThApakaH / kauTilyamatena nyAyavidyA sarvavidyAnAM pradIpatulyA asti / sA ca dharma-saMsthApanAya aadhaarbhuutaa| nyAyavidyA, hetuvidyA, pramANavidyA, tarkavidyA, AnvIkSikIvidyA iti pryaayaarthaaH| malliSeNa-prazastyanusAreNa ekadA bhaTTAkalaGkena nyAyazAstravizAradAH sarve bauddhapaNDitA: jainanyAyavidyayA parAjitAH rASTrakUTavaMzIya-sAhasratuMga-sabhAyAm (anyatra kaliGgadezasya ratnasaMyapurasya rAjJaH himazItalasabhAyAM likhitm|) ekadA zAstrArthasabhAyAM bauddhapaNDitAH gopanIyarUpeNa tArAdevImArAdhya tAM ca ghaTe saMsthApya tanmukhena bhaTTAkalaGkasya praznAnAnAmuttarANi dadati sm| ekarAtrau kUSmANDinI devI bhaTTAkalaGkasya svapne Agatya rahasyamudghATitavatI, tadA anyedyuH bhaTTAkalaGkena tArAdevIsthaM ghaTaM prasphoTya vijayazrIlabdhA / prakupitaiH bauddhapaNDitaiH bhaTTAkalaGkasya hatyA karaNAya sainikAH preSitAH, teSAmAkramaNaM vilokya nikalaGkaH bhrAturakalaGkasya prANarakSaNArthaM jainadharmasya saMsthApanArthaJca bauddhasainikaiH saha yuddhaM kRtvA divnggtH| vistRtaghaTanAvalokanArthaM zrInemidattasya ArAdhanAkoSo draSTavyaH / 423

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rAjAvalikathegranthe kAJcInagarastha-jinadAsa-brAhmaNaputraH kthitH| tattvArthavArtikasya prazastyanusAreNa laghuhavyanRpatiputraH prtiiyte| bauddhadharmasya samRddhikAle mAnyakheTasya rAjA zubhatuMga AsIt / tasya mantrI puruSottamaH tathA tasya bhAryA padmAvatI aasiit| bAlabrahmacArI akalaGka-nikalaGkanAmakau dvau putrau AstAM tayoH / anyA kathA prabhAcandrAcAryaracitakathAkoSe likhitaM yat ekadA aSTAhnikAparve 108 zrI raviguptamunirAjasamakSaM aSTadivasaparyantaM brahmacaryavrataM svIkRtaM tAbhyAm / parantu tadA samayasImA noktA, ataH vivAhaM kRtvA AjanmabrahmacaryavrataM dhArayati nikalatena sh| tadanantaraM mahAbodhividyAlayaM gatvA bauddhanyAyAdhyayane tau sNlgnau| ekadA lipidoSAt saptabhaGgInyAyasya vyAkhyA kartumazaktasya guroH barhigate sati akalaGkaH saptabhaGgIpAThaM saMzodhitavAn / guruH tau jainaM viditvA kArAgAre prkssiptvaan| yena kena prakAreNa tau kArAgArAt bahirAgatau / tadA bauddhasainikaiH prANarakSaNArthaM sarovare praviSTau parantu rajakamevAkalaGka iti matvA rajakena saha nikalaGka hatavAn / pazcAd akalaGkaH bahirAgat jainanyAyasya patAkAM prsaaritvaan| zrIvidyAnandasvAminA sa: 'zAstrArthavizArada-sakalatArkikacUDAmaNirakalaGkaH' nigditH| kavidhanaJjayena svanAmamAlAyAM likhitam - pramANamakalaGkasya pUjyapAdasya lkssnnm| dhanaJjayakaveH kAvyaM rtntrympshcimm|| racitagranthAH bhaTTAkalaGkena likhitAH granthAH adholikhitAH sarve khalu saMskRtabhASAyAmupanibaddhAH tarkazailIpradhAnAzca - (ka) svataMtragranthAH - (1) svopajJavRttisahitaH laghIyastrayaH (atra trayaH granthAH samAviSTA:- pramANapravezaH, nayapravezaH, nikSepapravezazca) (2) vivRttisahita: nyAyavinizcayaH (atra trayaH prastAvA: pratyakSa-anumAna-pravacana iti) (3) vivRttisahita: siddhavinizcayaH (atra dvAdaza-prastAvAH) (4) vivRttisahitaH pramANasaMgrahaH (atra navaprastAvA:) (kha) TIkAgranthAH - (5) sabhASyatattvArthavArttika: rAjavArtiko vaa| (umAsvAmyAcAryakRta-tattvArthasUtrasya TIkA, dazAdhyAyAtmikA), (6) aSTazatI devAgamavivRttiH vA (samantabhadrakRta-AptamImAMsAyAH TIkA, AcAryavidyAndakRtaaSTasahastrITIkA aadi| AptamImAsAyAH prsiddhaa| tatra aSTazatI samAviSTA / aSTazata (800) zokaparimitattvAt aSTazatI nigditaa| (ga) anyagranthAH - (7) svarUpasambodhanam (nyAyamizrita vivecya adhyAtmagranthaH), (8) nyAyacUlikA, (9) bRhattrayam, (10) akalaGkastrotram AcArya- zrIvizaddhasAgarasya dezanAkArasya saMkSipta-jIvanaparicayaH sarveSu sAdhuSu lokapriyaH digambarAcAryaH zrI 108 vizuddhasAgaraH / tatra antaHkaraNasya nirmalatA, cAritrasya zuddhatA, vacaneSu madhuratA-saralatA-nirbhIkatA, niHsaGgataH, nizcalatA, niSkaluSatA Atma-dhyAnasaMlInatA prabhRtiguNagaNA: ahamahamikayA sushobhnte| sUryavadeteSAM sAnnidhyamAtreNa bhaktajanahRdayakamalAni viksnti| anAdikAlAt saMliptakarmakalaGkamalImasaM Atmazodhane nipuNaH / samIcInatarkazAstravizAradaH, AtmajJaH, vAtsalyaprabhRtiguNasaMpUritaH / anekAntavAdasya syAdvAdasya ca samyag-digdarzaka:-AtmAnAtmabhedaka: vivekapUrvaka-ekAntanizcayaH- vyavahArobhayapakSamAzrityA nekAntasiddhAntapratipAdaka:, jIvane pratidinaghaTitasarvajanasulabhaghaTanAprasaGgamAdhyamena viSayapratipAdane nipuNaH / adhyAtmasamayasArasya vizuddhadezanAmAdhyamena rahasyodghATakaH / mokSaprApaka samyag ratnatrayamArgArUDhaH / zabdabrahmavyAjena AtmabrahmAnandapradAyakaH / bhUtArthAH bhUtArthavAda-vivAdasya samyak-samanvayakartA jaina-jainetara-zAstrANi samyagAloDya pariSkRtanavanItasya AviSkartA, AdhunikavaijJAnikadhiyA adhyAtmavidyApradarzakaH, manovijJAna-bhASAvijJAna-cikitsAvijJAna-dhyAnavijJAna-jyotiSavijJAnaprabhRtiviSayeSu apratihatagatiyukta: AcAryazrIvizuddhasAgara: jambUdvIpasya bharatakSetre, bhAratadezasya madhyapradeze bhiNDamaNDalastharUragrAme 1812-1971 IzavIye avataritaH / svajanmanA svapitarau (zrIrAmanArAyaNaH samAdhistha: munizrIvizvajItasAgaraH, zrImatI rattIbAI ca) alNkRtvntH| zrIrAjendranAmnAkhyAtena anena 21-11-1991 IzavIye viMzativarSe yuvAvasthAyAH prArambhakAle eva AcArya virAgasAgarAt munidIkSAM gRhItvA 31-11-2007 (sapAda paJcadazavarSAnantaram) IzavIye tIrthaGkaramahAvIra jayantyavasare auraMgAbAde mahArASTraprAnte alpe vayasi eva aacaarypdmlNkRtm| jJAnIjanAnAM madhye vizuddhAtmadezanAM prasArayan tena bahavaH granthAH viracitAH / yathA- 1. zuddhAtmataraMgiNI (hindI-aMgrejI-marAThI anuvAdaH), 2. nijAnubhavataraMgiNI (hindImarAThI 424

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anuvAdaH), 3. svAnubhAvataraMgiNI, 4. paJcazIlasiddhAntaH, 5. AtmabodhaH, 6. prekSAdezanA (vArasANupekkhA), 7. puruSArthadezanA, 8. tattvadezanA (tattvasAraH)(hindImarAThI anuvAdaH) 9. AtmabodhaH,10. zuddhAtmakAvyataraMgiNI, 11. prakRSTadezanA (pravacanasAraH) 12. adhyAtmadezanA (yogasAraH), 13. iSTopadezabhASyaH, 14. bodhisaMcayaH, 15. samAdhitantrAnuzIlanam, 16. svarUpasaMbodhanaparizIlanam, 17. zravaNadharmadezanA, 18. sarvodayIdezanA, 19. arhatsUtram, 20. amRtabinduH, 21. zuddhAtmakAvyAJjaliH, 22. samayadezanA, 23. niyamadezanA, 24. saddezanA ityAdayaH bahavaH granthAH / dIkSitaziSyAH - 1. munizrI 108 manojJasAgaraH, 2. prameyasAgaraH, 3. prazamasAgaraH, 4. pratyakSasAgaraH, 5. suprabhasAgaraH, 6. suvratasAgaraH, 7. suyazasAgaraH, 8. anuttarasAgaraH, 9. anupamasAgaraH, 10. arijit sAgaraH, 11. AdityasAgaraH, 12. apramitasAgaraH, 13. AstikyasAgaraH, 14. ArAdhyasAgaraH, 15. prameyasAgara:, 16. praNItasAgaraH, 17. praNavasAgara:, 18. praNatasAgaraH, 19. praNutasAgaraH prbhRtyH| madIya sAtizayapuNyavazAdeva guruNA asya saMskRtAnuvAdakaraNArthaM mAM niyojitm| ajJo'smi ahaM tathApi gururAdezAt kRtamidam / atra gurukRpA eva balavatI bhUtvA nrtte| svarUpasambodhanasya saMkSiptaviSayaparicayaH ArSaparamparAnusAraM maMgalaM vidhAya paramAtmAnaM namaskRtya ca vidadhAti AtmanaH svruupm| sampUrNe granthe'smin tarkabhUSitaprajJayA mithyaikAntagrahagrasitAn janAn samyak pratibodhayantyAcAryaH bhaTTAkalaGkaH zokakrameNa viSayaparicayaH adholikhitaH - 1. muktAmuktaikarUpaH paramAtmA - sarvakarmasambandharahitvAt muktaH / jJAnAdiguNasahitattvAd amuktaH prmaatmaa| yadi sarvathA mukta eva syAttarhi tatra jJAna- sukhAdiguNAnAmapi abhAva: syAt nyAyavaizeSikadarzanavat / yadi sarvathA amuktaH syAttarhi jIvAtmA karmabaddhatvAt kadApi mokSaM na prApsyati,evaM mokSasya abhAvo bhvet| pradIpasya prakAza-pratApavad yugapat muktAmuktaH prmaatmaa| dagdhabIjavat karmanAzaH ananta-akSayajJAnAdiguNodyatazca yugapad bhavati,na krmenn| evaM vidyasya akSaya jJAnarUpaM paramAtmAnaM namati grnthkaarH| virodhAbhAsAlaMkAramukhena syAdvAdamukhena vA apekSAmukhena vA paramAtmani muktAmuktatvobhayasya sthitiH samyageva, tatra nAsti ko'pi virodhaH saMzayo vaa| 2. sopayogo'yamAtmA, grAhyo'grAhyAnAdyantaH, sthityutpattivyayAtmakaH-TaMkotkIrNajJAyakasvabhAvI AtmA muktAvasthAyAM saMsArAvasthAyAJca traikAlikacaitanyasvabhAvatvAd jnyaandrshnopyoglkssnnH| kANasadRzaM kAryaM bhavati iti niyamAt kramAddhetuphalAvahaH, upAdAnakAraNameva kAryarUpeNa prinnmti| yo pariNamati saH kartA / saMsAradazAyAM dravyabhAvakarmasambandharUpanimittakAraNavazAd bhedajJAnAbhAvAt saMsArasAgare paribhramati aatmaa| mithyAtvAviratipramAdakASAyayogAH bandhahetavaH / eteSAM bandhahetavAnAmabhavAt nirvANarUpaphalaprAptirbhavatIti smysaarH| grAhyo'grAhyAzcAtmA - atIndriyapratyakSeNa kevalajJAnena anubhavagamyo'yamAtmA grAhyaH, paryAyarUpeNotpattivinAzo bhvti| indriyagamyatvAbhAvAd agrAhyaH / anAdyanantaH- anAdi-anantarUpa-AtmA sapratipakSatvAt tattvasya / dravyApekSayA vastunaH kadApi vinAzo na bhavati / yathoktam - 'sd-drvylkssnnm| utpAdavyaya dhrauvyayuktaM sat' (ta.sU.5.29) / kiJca, paMcAstikAye-bhAvassa Natthi NAso, Natthi abhAvassa ceva uppaado| guNapajjayesu bhAvA upapAda-vae pkuvvNti|| 15 sthityupattivyayAtmaka: - dravyApekSayA notpAdo bhavati, na ca vyayaH parantu paryAyApekSayA pratikSaNaM utpAdavyayobhayAtmakaH / yathA svarNatvarUpeNa nityatve'pi svarNe, kaTa-kuMDalAdiparyAyeNa anityatA ttr| 3. cetanAcetanAtmakaH - Atmani premayatva- agurulaghutvapradezatva-cetanatva-acetanatva-mUrtatva-amUrtatva-astittvavastutva-dravyatvamiti sAmAnyadazaguNAH / eteSu acetanatvaM mUrtatvaJca vihAya zeSA aSTaguNAH sarveSu jIveSu vartante sdaa| saMsAradazAyAM karmabandhApekSayA Atmani acetanatA mUrtatA ca saMghaTate parantu sva-svabhAvApekSayA cetano'yamAtmA amUrtazca sdaa| yathoktaM tattvArthasUtre - 'arpitAnapitasiddhe' sUtrAnusAreNobhayatvamAtmani anyathA baddha-muktavyavasthA na syAt / yathoktaM dravyasaMgrahe vaNNa-rasa-paMcagaMdhA do phAsA aTTha NicchayA jiive| No saMti amukti tado vavahArA muktibNdhaado|| gAthA-7 vyavahAreNa asadbhUtavyavahArAnayena iti| 4. pUrvAparIbhUtajJAnarUpAtmA na jJAnAdbhinno na cAbhinnaH - nyAyavaizeSikadarzanAnusAraM jJAnaguNAdAtmA bhinnaH, tayoH guNa 425

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guNino samavAyasambandhatvAdaikyaM pratIyate, na vastutaH aikyam / vedAntadarzanAnusAraM jJAnAtmanorakyamasti abhed-taadaatmysmbndhaat| jainadarzanAnusAraM guNaguNinorayutasiddhatvAd AtmA jJAnaguNAd sarvathA bhinno nAsti na cAbhinnaH / jJAnasya AtmanA saha pUrvAparIbhAverabhedasvabhAvo vaa| saMjJAdinAmabhedataH (guNa-guNino bhedataH) tayoH nAnAtvaM bhinnatvam caapi)| yathoktam AptamImAMsAyAm - saMjJA-saMkhyA-vizeSAcca svalakSaNavizeSataH / prayojanAdibhedAcca tannAnAtvaM na srvthaa|| 72 AtmA jJAnAd sarvathA bhinnaH syAttarhi pudgalavat acetano bhavet / yadi abhinna eva syAttarhi guNa-guNino vyavahAra: kathaM bhvet| ataH pUrvAparIbhUtajJAnarUpAtmA kathaJcid jJAnAd abhinnaH, kathaJcid bhinnaH svIkAryaH / 5. AtmA svadehapramitaH, sarvathA na jJAnamAtraH na sarvagataH na ca vizvavyApI- jainadarzanAnusAramAtmA vyavahAranayApekSayA asamuddhAtadazAyAM svadehapramANamasti / sapravidhasamuddhAtadazAyAM tu svadehamaparityajya dehAbahirgacchati aatmaa| nizcayanayApekSayA asaMkhyAtapradezatvAd lokprmaannm| vyavahAranayena svadehamaparityajya kevalajJAnApekSayA lokAlokaM jAnAti, nizcayanayena sva-svarUpaM jAnAti / arthAt vyavahAranayena jJAnApekSayA AtmAni sarvagatattvamasti, vedAntadarzanavat pradezApekSayA na srvgtttvm| AtmA khalu jJAnapramANam, jJeyaM lokaalokm| yathoktaM kundakundAcAryeNa pravacanasArasya jJAnatattvAdhikAre AdA NANapamANaM, NANaM nneyppmaannmuddittuN| NeyaM loyAloyaM tamhA NANaM tu svvgyN|| trayodazaguNasthAnavartI kevalajJAnI lokapUraNasamudghAtakAle vizvavyApI (lokAkAzavyApI) bhavati, na sarvadA, etat sarvaM nayApekSayA sNghttte| evameva AtmA na jJAnamAtraH, anyathA guNa-guNino bhedAbhAvo bhvet| 6. ekAnekAtmakaH - vyavahAra nayena saMsArI-jIvanAm anekavidhajJAnasvabhAvatvAdane kAtmaka: nizcayena cetnaiksvbhaavaatvaadekH| ataH apekSAvazAd AtmA ekaanekaatmkruupH| vedAntadarzanavadekatvaM nAsti apitu pratyeka jIvAnAmAtmA pRthak-pRthak asti, tatra sarvadA cetanatAyAbhAvAbhAvAd ektvmuktm| sarve khalu jIvAH paramAtmasvarUpA: nizcayena tatra nAsti ko'pi bhedaH / bhede'pi tatra nAsti dAsyAdibhAvaH (sva-svAmibhAvaH, puujy-puujkbhaavH)| yathoktaM devasvAminA AlApapaddhatau - svbhaavaanaamekaadhaartvaadeksvbhaavH| eksyaapyenk-svbhaavoplmbhaadnek-svbhaavH|| 110-111 tathA coktaM samantabhadrAcAryeNa AptamImAMsAyAm - ekAnekavikalpAdAvuttaratrApi yojyet| prakriyAM bhaMginImenAM nyairnyvishaardH|| 23 arthAt nayavizAradaiH virodhe sati sarvatra nayabhaGginI-prakriyA yojyaa| 7. vAcyAvAcyaH vaktavyAvaktavyaH - sva-svarUpApekSayA AtmA vAcyaH vaktavyaH, parantu parabhAvApekSayA nirvaacyo'vktvyshc| ekAntata AtmA sarvathA nAvaktavyaH na ca vaktavyaH / vyavahAranayena vANyApekSayA vAcyaH / kathanaM zabdAzritaM, zabdAzca pudgalaparyAyAH, paryAyAH pariNamanazIlAH / anubhUtistu aatmaashritH| zabdeSu naitAdRzi zaktiH yayA AtmAnubhavo vacanaviSayo bhvet| AtmAnubhavaH zabdairagocaraH nirvikalparUpazca / yadA AtmA karmAdhIno bhavati tadA rAgAdikaSAyavedanaM parAzritaM bhavati parantu rAgAdizUnyadazAyAM svAzritattvAt svasaMvedanamavAcyam, vcnvyaapaarshuunym| yatra sadrUpatA tatraiva vAcyavAcakabhAvaH / svacatuSTaye (svadravyakSetra-kAla-bhAve sati) sadrUpatA bhvti| paracatuSTaye kathaM vAcyavAcakabhAvaH? evamAtmA kathaJcid vAcyaH kathaJcidavAcyaH, anekaantruuptvaat| 8. vidhirUpa:-niSedharUpa: mUrtikAmUrtikarUpAzca - svadharmApekSayA (svadravyakSetra-kAla-bhAvApekSayA) AtmA vidhirUpaH, asti rUpaH, paradharmApekSayA niSedharUpaH nAsti rUpaH / nizcayanayena Atmani rUpa-rasa-gandha-sparzAbhAvAdamUrtikaH / tathA ca, bandhApekSayA vyavahAranayena mUrtikaH / tathA ca, vyavahAreNa saMsAradazAyAM jJAnasya sAkAratvAd (savikalpatvAt) jJAnamUrtikaH / muktAvasthAyAM zuddhAtmasvabhAvAtvAdamUrtikaH / aparaM ca, AtmA jJAna-darzana-vIryasvabhAvAtvAd vidhirUpaH, sparzAdirahitatvAd niSedharUpaH / yadi evaM na svIkuryAt tarhi vastu-vyavasthA na syaat| yathoktamAtmamImAMsAyAm - sadaiva sarvaM ko necchet svarUpAdi ctussttyaat| asadeva viparyAsAnta cenna vyvtisstthte|| 15 9. cetanAcetanAdyanekadharmAtmakaH - cetanAcetanatva-mUrtikAmUrtikatva-prabhRti-pratIyamAnaparasparaviruddhAnekadharmatvaM AtmAni svayameva sviikurute| evameva bandhamokSayoH, bandha-mokSaphalayoH, bandhakAraNa-mokSakAraNayozca AtmA svayameva svIkurute / nizcayanayena sarvANi SaDdravyANi ektvvibhktruupaanni| AtmA yadA jJAnamayabhAvaM karoti tadA jJAnamayo bhvti| yadA vyavahAreNa karmodayavazAd vibhAvabhAvaM (rAga-dveSAdirUpabhAvaM) karoti tadA karmabandhaM prApya saMsAre pribhrmti| yadA 426

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IzvarakartRtvaM kimapi nAsti, anyathA lokavyavasthA na syAt, puruSArthasyAbhAvazca syaat| 10. nijasvabhAvakartA - nizcayanayena AtmA nijasvabhAvamAtrasya kartA, na paradravyANAM na ca paradravyANi AtmanaH karttA santi / saH tu TaMkotkIrNa-paramajJAyakasvabhAvaH / vyavahAranayena AtmA jJAnAvaraNAdi dravyakarmodayasya nimittaM prApya rAgadveSAdivibhAvabhAvaiH jJAnAvaraNAdidravyakarmabandhaM karoti tathA svakarmAnusAraM zubhAzubhaphalaM bhungkte| mithyAtvAvirati pramAdakaSAyayogA: bandhahetavaH / svopAdAnazakti: antaraGgahetuH, jaineshvriidigmbrdiikssaatpaadibhirngghetvH| etaiH bahiraGgAntaraNopAyaiH jIva: karmamukto bhvtiiti| 11-15 zuddhAtmopalabdherUpAyAH - zuddhAtmopalabdherUpAyA: bahiraGga-antaraGgabhedAd dvividhaaH| upAyA: kAraNAni vaa| mokSastu AtmanaH sAdhyam / tatra zuddhasvAtmopalabdhaye samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi upAdAnakAraNAni / dezanAlabdhi-kAlalabdhivrata-tapAdIni bAhyakAraNAni bhvnti| itthaM bahiraGga-antaraGga-sAdhanobhayasAdhyaM shuddhsvaatmoplbdhiH| jinopadiSTajIvAdittvArthAnAM zraddhAnaM smygdrshnm| teSAmeva saMzaya-viparyayAnadhyavasAyarahitaM nijAtmasvarUpajJAnaM smygjnyaanm| saMsArakAraNanivRttimUlakaM vizuddhacAritraM samyakcAritram athavA karmAdAnanaimittakakriyayoparamaH samyakcAritram, athavA uttarottarabhAviSu samyagdarzanajJAnaparyAyeSu sthirAlambanaM samyakcAritram, athavA sukhaduHkhayo: mAdhyasthyaM samyakcAritram, athavA sukhaduHkhasamupasthite sati eko'haM jJAtA-draSTA nacAparaH' iti bhAvanayA dADhayaM samyakcAritram,athavA samastasAvadyayogapariharaNAt sakalakaSAyavimuktaM vizuddhamudAsInamAtmasvarUpaM samyakcAritram athavA mohakSobhavihInaH sAmyabhAvarUpAtmapariNAma: samyakcAritram athavA ekatvavibhakta-zuddhacaitanyarUpa-bhagavadsvarUpe'vasthAnaM smykcaaritrm| nizcayacAritrasya prAptyarthaM vyavahAracAritrasyArAdhanA anivAryA / pUrvaM tAvat vyavahAracAritreNa nizcayacAritraM sAdhyaM tadanantaraM shuddhaatmoplbdhiH| ataH na kevalaM vyavahAracAritreNa, na ca kevalanizcayacAritrabhAvanayA zuddhAtmopalabdhirUpo mokSaH / tatra ubhyvidhcaaritrsyopyogitaa| 16. anukUla-pratikUlaparisthityau kiM bhAvayet ? yAdRzI zubhAzubhabhAvanA bhavati tAdRzI tasya siddhirbhvti| cittasya vizuddhi: azuddhiH vA jIvasya cintnaalmbitaa| ata: satyArthasya adhigamAnantaraM pauna:punyena zuddhAtmAnameva bhAvayet / arthAt karmavinaSTikAraNabhUtopAyAn parijJAya anukUlapratikUlaparisthityau kaSAyamUlaM rAga-dveSaM vihAya zuddhAtmAnameva bhAvayet / 17. kaSAyasahitAtmacintane doSaH kaH ? rAgadveSakaSAyaiH raJjitAtmA zuddhAtmasvarUpAvagAhanaM kartuM na zakyate / yathA nIlIraktAmbare kuMkumarAgaH durAdheyaH tathaiva kaSAyaraJjitAnta:karaNe zuddhAtmabhAvaH durAdheyaH / strIputrAdayaH nijAtmanaH bhinnAH, tatra rAdveSAdikaSAyabhAvAH santi / kaSAyabhAvAH parabhAvAH vibhAvabhAvAH, na svabhAvabhAvAH / AtmasvabhAvaM khalu parabhAvabhinnaM dhyeym| ataH paramadigambaramunyavasthAyAmeva svabhAvabhAvasya cintanaM shkym| 18. tattvacintanaparaH kIdRzaH? rAgadveSAdibhya: vinirmuktyarthaM sarvathA nirmohI bhava, tathA sAMsArika-viSayabhogeSu udAsInatvamAzritya Atmacintanaparo bhv| 'nAhaM putrAdInAM pareSAM asmi, na ca putrAdayaH me santi, ahameko jJAnasvabhAvo'smi' evaM dhyaatvym| yathoktam kundakundAcAryeNa pravacanasAre - NAhaM homi paresiMNa me pare saMti nnaannmhmekko| idi jo jhAyadi jhANe, so appANaM havadi jhaadaa|| 203 19. Atmatattva eva AzrayaNIyaH - heyopAdeyatattvAnAM svarUpaM vijJAya svAtmabhinnAn sarvAn heyAn parityajya ekamAtropAdeyAtmatattvam aashriiytaam| jJAnI AtmA jJAtA-dRSTA tu asti parantu rAgAdivibhAvabhAvAnAM karttA naasti| zubhAzubhapadArtheSu iSTAniSTakalpanAM parityajya tatra kevalaM jJAtA dRSTA bhv| tadA eva atIndriyAnanta sukhasAgare nimjjti| 20. zivatvaprApterupAyaH kaH? zivatvaprAptyarthaM sahajopAyaH khalu srvtropekssaabhaavo'sti| sva-parapadArthAn vasturUpeNa bhAvayitvA paramupekSAbhAva: mAdhyasthabhAvo vA samAzrayaNIyaH / apekSAyAM rAgAdayaH bhavanti parAdhInatA c| upekSAbhAvo mAdhyasthabhAvazcamokSamArge pryojnbhuutau| kuzakarttavyeSu upekSA udAsInatA vA na mokssmaargH| mokSamArgaH khalu saMvegIbhAvaH / dharmaM prati harSitabhAvaH saMvegIbhAvaH / utkRSTopekSAbhAvanayA zivatvaprAptiH shjaa| 427

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21-22. kiM mokSatRSNA phalavatI? kiM bhAvanAmAtreNa AtmopalabdhiH saMbhavati ? - mokSaprAptyarthaM nAtitRSNA krnniiyaa| yataH yAvat tRSNA tiSThati tAvana moksspraaptiH| ataH mokSatRSNApi tyaajyH| sarvaprakArakItRSNA bhavakAriNI, na mokssdaayinii| ataH mokSabhAvanAmAtreNApi na kaarysiddhirbhvti| prArambhikAvasthAyAM mokSabhAvanAmAzritya ante sApi tyaajyH| yataH AkAMkSA vItarAgatAyAH vinAzinI tarhi tyaajyaa| yathoktaM yogIndudevena paramAtmaprakAze - mokkhu ma ciMtahi joiyA, mokkhu ciMtau nnhoii| jeNa Nivaddhau jIvar3aDau, mokkhu karesai soii|| 2.1 23. mAdhyasthabhAvaH svAdhInaH parAdhIno vA - mAdhyasthabhAvaprAptyarthaM kiM karaNIyam ? yatra antaraGgavizuddhiH tatraiva mAdhyasthabhAva udeti / mAdhyasthabhAvaH svAdhInaH, na praadhiinH| ataH svAtmani eva rmnniiym| yAvat mAdhyasthabhAvo nodeti tAvadeva catvAraH maMgalottamaH shrnnbhuut-| mAdhyasthabhAve jAte svAtmA eva shrnnbhuutH| jagati sarveSAM kalyANakArIbhAvaH maadhysthbhaavH| AtmalInatA eva maadhysthbhaavpraaptiH| 24. sva-parabhedajJAnAnantaraM kiM karaNIyam ? sva-parabhedajJAnAnantaraM moho tyAjyaH / dravyazrutajJAnena puNyasya svargasya ca prApti: saMbhavati, na bhavasAgarAd muktiH| svasaMvedane sthita: yogI svaM 'parabhAvebhya: bhinnaM' jJAtvA sarvabhAvavikalpabhinno bhavati / arthAt yadA sva-parabhedavikalpAbhAvo bhavati tadA eva anAkulasvasaMvedanabhAvo bhavati shuddhnishcyen| 'asyAmavasthAyAmeva nirAkulasvasaMvedanaM bhavati tatraiva tiSThatu iti bhaTTAkalaGkasya nivednm| iyamevAvasthA srvotkRssttaavsthaa| 25. abhedaSaTkArakasvarUpadhyAnasya kiM phalam ? svaH - nijAtmA, svam - svAtmarUpam, svena - nijAtmena, svasmaiH - nijAtmaiH, svasmAt - nijAtmanaH, svasya - nijAtmanaH, svasmin - svAtmani, svottham - nijAtmajanyam, avinazvaram - akhaNDam, AnandAmRtam - amRtatulyasukhaM, labhate - praapnoti| arthAt kartA-karma-karaNa-sampradAna-apAdAna-adhikaraNakArakANi SaT bhavanti / tatra svasvAmibhAvAdisambandhena saha saptavibhaktayaH bhavanti / sambandhasya gaNanA kArakeSu na bhavati, sAkSAt kriyaanvytvaabhaavaat| atra saptavibhaktInAM prayogamukhena Atmani teSAM saMgatiH prdrshitaa| itthamabhedakArakatvaM ghaTate bhedAbhAvAt / bhedakArakavyavasthA parasApekSA bhavati, sa ca vyavahAradharmanirvahaNAya smaadrnniiyaa| abhedakArakavyavasthA upAdAnapradhAnA paranirapekSayA c| bhedakArakavyavasthA nimittprdhaanaa| kAryasiddhyarthamubhayavidhA kArakavyavasthA smaashrynniiyaa| paramAnando na parakRtaH, na ca parasmin asti apitu svakRtaH svasminneva cAsti, prnirpeksstvaat| ata: sva eva AzrayaNIyaH / svaM svena svasmai svasmAt svasya svasmin dhyAtvA svotthamAnandAmRtapadaM lbhet| vedAntadarzane'pi evameva brahmaNi SaTkArakavyavasthA dRshyte| amRtacandrAcAryeNa kathitaM samayasArakalaze karttA-karma-kriyA trayamapi na bhinnaM vastutayA - yaH pariNamati saH kartA, yaH pariNAmo bhavet tatkarma, yA pariNatiH sA kriyA, trayamapi bhinnaM na vstutyaa|| 51.139 26. svarUpasaMbodhanagranthasya svAdhyAyaphalaM kim ? granthe'smin svAtmatattvasya smyg-vyaakhyaanmsti| yo janaH samyag vicArya sAdaraM paThati zRNoti vA tasmai paramAtmapadaprAptirbhavati / ataH dravya-kSetra-kAla-bhAvazuddhiM vicArya vinayopacAra sahitena prayatnapUrvakena adhyetavyamidaM shaastrm| atra dvAdazAGgI jinavANI sArarUpeNa upnibddhaa| svarUpasaMbodhanadezanAyAH racanAkAlaH - asya svarUpasambodhanaparizIlanasya (svarUpasambodhanadezanAyAH) lekhanakriyA jabalapuranagarastha AdinAthajinAlaye 2534 vIranirmANasaMvatsare ASADhamAsasya zuklapakSe akSayatRtIyAtithau paramapUjya zrI 108 AcAryavizuddhasAgareNa praarbdhaa| asya maMgalAcaraNaM kRtaM madhyapradezasthite damohamaNDalAntargate kuNDalagirau (kuMDalapure) zrIdharakevalInirvANasthale naabheyaadiishvrjinaalye| samayaH kaH asya paripUrNatA sonAgiratIrthe zramaNagirau siddhabhUmiprastare aSTamatIrthaGkaracaraNasammukhe jaataa| tadAnIm 17-12-2008 IzavIya saMvatsara: vI.ni.2535 saMvatsaraH, 2065 vikramasaMvatsara: pauSakRSNaSaSThItithi: maghAnakSatraH budhavAsarasya madhyAhnakAla: aasiit| asya granthasya vyAkhyAprasaGge vividhAgamagranthasaMdarbhAH pramANarUpeNa samupasthApitA aacaaryvryenn| mayA ca lekho'yam aprailamAsasya prathame divase 2015 IsavIye likhitH| 428

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ratnatraya kI anupama prakAzikA : 'deva, zAstra aura guru' kI samIkSA 'deva, zAstra aura guru' kRti eka aisI kRti hai jisameM isake kRtikAra pro. sudarzanalAla jI ne jainAgama kA sAra nibaddha kara diyA hai| hamArI zraddhA kI saMzuddhi ke lie yaha anivArya hai ki hameM hamArI AsthA aura zraddhA ke kendra devazAstra aura guru ke svarUpa kA samIcIna jJAna honA caahie| sacce deva, zAstra aura guru ke prati yathArtha zraddhA jahA~ samyaktva ko janma detI hai vahIM deva-zAstra-guru ke svarUpa ke sandarbha meM vyApta bhrAnti hamAre antaraGga meM mithyAtva kA ghora timira bhara detI hai| devatva kI prApti jahA~ hamArA lakSya hai vahIM zAstra usa lakSya kI prApti ke patha ko pradarzita karate haiM aura guru usa patha para calakara Adarza banakara hamArA mArgadarzana karate haiN| vartamAna samaya meM dharma meM bar3hane vAle ADambara aura pradarzana ke pIche eka bar3A kAraNa yahI hai ki vartamAna pIr3hI ko dharma ke mUlAdhAra deva-zAstra-guru kI vAstavika pahacAna nahIM hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki dharma kSetra meM pAkhaNDa aura anAcAra bar3hatA jA rahA hai aura usakA vartamAna paridRzya vikRta hotA jA rahA hai| isa gambhIra samasyA ko dekhate hue mithyAtva ke unmUlana ke lie akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvat pariSad ne 15 navambara 1992 ko satanA (ma.pra.) meM eka mahattvapUrNa prastAva pArita kiyA thA ki pariSad ke dvArA eka aisI kRti prakAzita kI jAe jisameM deva-zAstra aura guru kA samIcIna svarUpa varNita ho aura yaha kRti Agama ke Aloka meM bhI pUrNa prAmANika ho| a.bhA. di. jaina vidvatpariSad ne apane uparyukta nirNaya ke anurUpa kRti lekhana kA gambhIra uttaradAyitva vidvadvareNya pro. sudarzanalAla jaina ko pradAna kiyaa| pro. sAhaba ne isa sArasvata kArya ko zraddhApUrvaka athaka parizrama ke dvArA chaha mAha meM pUrNa kara diyaa| isake bAda paNDita jaganmohana lAla jI zAstrI evaM DaoN. darabArI lAla koThiyA jaise variSTha vidvAnoM ne isa kRti kA sUkSma parIkSaNa kiyA aura unhoMne isa kRti kI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA karate hue kucha mahattvapUrNa sujhAva pradAna kiye| pro. sudarzanalAla jI ne sabhI mahattvapUrNa sujhAvoM ke anurUpa isa kRti ko jUna 1994 meM antima rUpa pradAna kiyaa| parimANa aura viSayavastu kI dRSTi se yadi isa kRti ko dekheM to yaha kRti eka sau bayAlIsa pRSThoM meM prakAzita hai aura isakI viSaya vastu cAra adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai| prathama adhyAya meM deva (arhanta aura siddha) kA svarUpa varNita hai| dvitIya evaM tRtIya adhyAya meM kramaza: zAstra aura guru ke svarUpa ko prakAzita kiyA gayA hai| antima adhyAya meM kRtikAra ne upasaMhAra ke rUpa meM zAstrIya sandarbho kA vizeSaNa karate hue apanA maulika cintana bhI vyakta kiyA hai| cAra adhyAyoM ke uparAnta pro. sAhaba ne isa kRti meM do mahattvapUrNa pariziSToM kA yojana bhI kiyA hai| ina pariziSToM meM digambara jaina paramparA ke sabhI mahattvapUrNa AcAryoM ke nAma evaM samaya ke sAtha-sAtha unake dvArA racita zAstroM kA nAmollekha kiyA hai| ina pariziSToM ne isa kRti kI upayogitA ko aura adhika bar3hA diyA hai| pro. sAhaba ne isa kRti kA lekhana zodhAtmaka dRSTi se kiyA hai| unhoMne isa kRti kI pratyeka paMkti ko zAstrIya saMdarbho se puSTa kiyA hai| isa kAraNa yaha kRti bhI eka zAstra kI taraha samAdRta ho gayI hai| isa kRti meM vivecita viSayavastu jahA~ eka ora pUrNataH prAmANika hai vahIM dUsarI ora nitAnta prAsaGgika bhI hai| isa kRti meM deva-zAstra aura guru ke samyak svarUpa ko prakAzita karane vAle aneka ullekhanIya pramANa prastuta kiye gae haiN| ina zAstrIya pramANoM ke AdhAra para 'deva, zAstra aura guru' ke lekhaka pro. sudarzanalAla jI ne aneka viziSTa vicAra aura niSkarSa prastuta kiye haiN| inameM se kucha pramukha niSkarSa aura vicAroM ko yahA~ uddhata kiyA jA rahA hai - _ 'padmAvatI, kSetrapAla Adi ko mandiroM meM bhagavAn ke sevaka ke rUpa meM pratiSThita kiyA jAtA hai| ye bhagavAn kI taraha pUjya nahIM haiN| jinendra bhakta hone se kSetrapAlAdi meM sAdharmya-vAtsalya rakhA jA sakatA hai, pUjya devatva mAnanA mUDhatA (ajJAna) hai| sarAgI devoM se anarghyapada (mokSapada) prApti kI kAmanA karake unheM mantra par3hakara arghya car3hAnA ajJAna nahIM to kyA hai ? inake alAvA saMsAra meM kaI kalpita deva (adeva) haiN| jina kSetrapAla Adi ke nAma jaina sammata devagati ke jIvoM meM Ate haiM unheM kudeva (adhama yA mithyAdRSTi deva) kahA gayA hai tathA jinakA nAma jainasammata devagati meM kahIM nahIM 429

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AtA hai aise kalpita devoM ko adeva (adeve devabuddhiH) kahA gayA hai|' (pR.2) devastuti kA prayojana spaSTa karate hue pro. sAhaba ne likhA hai ki- 'vItarAgI arhanta aura siddhoM kI bhakti kisI sAMsArika-kAmanA kI pUrti hetu nahIM kI jAtI, apitu unheM Adarza puruSottama mAnakara kevala unake guNoM kA cintavana kiyA jAtA hai aura vaisA banane kI bhAvanA bhAyI jAtI hai| phalataH bhakta ke pariNAmoM meM svabhAvataH nirmalatA AtI hai, isameM IzvarakRta kRpA Adi apekSita nahIM hai| devamUrti, zAstra evaM guru ke Alambana se bhakta apanA kalyANa karatA hai| ata: vyavahAra se unheM kalyANa kA kartA kahate haiM, nizcaya se nahIM, kyoMki koI dravya anya dravya kA kartA nahIM hai, sabhI dravya apane-apane kartA haiN| (pR.4) devatva kI pUjyatA ko paribhASita karate hue pro. sAhaba ne likhA hai ki - 'pUjya vahI hai jo deva ho aura devatva (Izvaratva) vahIM hai jahA~ ratnatraya athavA ratnatraya kA aMza athavA zuddha ratnatraya prApti kI hetutA ho|'(pR.7) deva, zAstra aura guru kRti meM pro. sAhaba ne samyak zAstra kI prAmANikatA kA AdhAra spaSTa karate hue likhA hai ki- jo grantha anekAnta aura syAdvAda Adi siddhAntoM ke anusAra vItarAgatA kA athavA ratnatraya Adi kA pratipAdana karate haiM ve hI prAmANika haiM, anya nhiiN| zAstrakAra ne jisa bAta ko jisa sandarbha meM kahA hai, hameM usI sandarbha kI dRSTi se artha karanA cAhie, anyathA mUlabhAvanA (mUla siddhAnta) kA hanana hogA, jo iSTa nahIM hai|' (pR.28) guru ke gurutva ko prakAzita karate hue pro. sAhaba ne likhA hai ki- vAstava meM 'guru' zabda kA artha hai 'mhaan'| 'mahAn' vahI hai jo apane ko kRtakRtya karake dUsaroM ko kalyANakArI mArga kA darzana karAtA hai| jaba taka vyakti svayaM vItarAgI nahIM hogA taba taka vaha dUsaroM ko sadupadeza nahIM de sakatA hai| yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai ki guru jaba mukha se upadeza deve tabhI guru hai apitu guru vaha hai jo mukha se upadeza diye binA bhI apane jIvanadarzana dvArA dUsaroM ko sanmArga meM lagA deve| (pR.47) sAdhutA ke Abhyantara pakSa ko udghATita karate hue pro. sAhaba ne likhA hai ki-'harSa aura viSAda donoM avasthAoM meM samabhAva vAlA hI saccA sAdhu hai, anya nhiiN| aisA samadarzI sAdhu hI hamArA ArAdhya hai, guru hai| kyoMki usane zArIrika, mAnasika aura vAcika sabhI prakAra ke kaSToM para vijaya prApta kara lI hai| kaSToM kA kAraNa hai rAga aura jahA~ rAga hai vahIM dveSa hai| rAga dveSa ke hone para krodhAdi cAroM kaSAe~ aura nau nokaSAe~ hotI haiN| ata: sAdhu ko vItarAgI kahA hai, kyoMki jahA~ rAga nahIM vahA~ dveSAdi tathA kaSTa bhI nahIM hote haiN|' (pR.118) nirgrantha guruoM kI pratiSThA sarvopari hai| vartamAna meM ho rahe isa pratiSThA ke hrAsa ko rokane ke lie pro. sAhaba ne apane mahattvapUrNa cintana ko prakaTa karate hue likhA hai ki 'sAdhu tabhI bane jaba sAdhudharma kA sahI rUpa meM pAlana kara ske| aparipakva buddhi hone para athavA Aveza meM dIkSA na svayaM leve aura na dUsaroM ko deveN| pApazramaNa na bne| pApazramaNa banane kI apekSA punaH gRhastha dharma meM A jAnA zreSTha hai| sAdhudharma bahuta pavitra dharma hai| ataeva jo isakA sahI rUpa meM pAlana karatA hai vaha bhagavAn kahalAtA hai| (pR.115) pro. sAhaba ne deva,zAstra aura guru kRti meM Agama kA AloDana karate hue aise hI aneka mahattvapUrNa vicAra vyakta kiye haiN| isa kRti meM pro. sAhaba kA samagra cintana paramparAgata zAstrIya bhUmi para hI prakaTa huA hai unhoMne kahIM bhI jinAgama kI AjJA ke viparIta koI kathana nahIM kiyA hai| isa kAraNa yaha kRti sabhI ke lie saMgrahaNIya, paThanIya evaM anukaraNIya bana gayI hai| pro. sudarzana lAla jI ne isa advitIya kRti kA lekhana karake jinAgama ke bhaNDAra kI zrIvRddhi meM mahanIya avadAna diyA hai| unake isa sArasvata avadAna ke lie sAhitya jagat sadaiva kRtajJa rhegaa| vidvAnoM ke abhimata - 1. paM. jaganmohana zAstrI kaTanI - DaoN. sudarzana lAla jaina, jo vartamAna meM kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM saMskRta vibhAga ke adhyakSa haiM, a.bhA. di. jaina vidvatpariSad ke maMtrI tathA zrI gaNeza varNI di. jaina zodha saMsthAna ke kAryakArI maMtrI bhI haiM, ne jaina zAstroM kA samyak AloDana karake sacce deva, zAstra aura guru kI yathArtha paribhASA ko tathA usake nagna svarUpa ko ujAgara kiyA hai| deva, zAstra aura guru ke satyArtha kI jAnakArI samAja ke bacce-bacce ke lie Avazyaka hai| AzA hai, isa pustaka ko par3hakara na kevala jaina samAja apitu satyAnveSI jainetara samAja ko bhI lAbha milegaa| 2. DaoN. darabArI lAla koThiyA, bInA - lekhaka ne kisI bhI viSaya para binA zAstrIya pramANoM ke lekhanI nahIM calAI hai| sadhI huI lekhanI ke atirikta gaharA vicAra bhI sarala bhASA meM prastuta kiyA hai| koI viSaya vivAda kA nahIM hai| 430

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'zrAvakAcAra' para bhI isI prakAra kI eka racanA DaoN. jaina se taiyAra karAI jaae| lekhaka kI lekhanI bar3I parimArjita, sadhI huI tathA zodha ko lie hue hai| 3. pro. khuzAlacandra gorAvAlA, vArANasI- DaoN. jaina ne Adhunika zodha prakriyA ko apanAkara prakRta racanA kI hai| DaoN. jaina kA prayAsa ghya hai| 4. DaoN. devendra kumAra zAstrI, nImaca - DaoN. jaina ne zrama karake eka uttama saMkalana pustaka ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai jo svAgata yogya hai| DaoN. paMkaja kumAra jaina 'lalita' prAdhyApaka- jainadarzana, rASTriya saMskRta saMsthAna, bhopAla, ma.pra. prAkRta dIpikA - eka prAkRtabhASA-jJAna-pradIpa pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI se do saMskaraNoM meM prakAzita 'prAkRta-dIpikA' prAkRta jJAna ke lie anupama jJAna-dIpa hai, haiNDabuka hai| prAkRta svAbhAvika bhASA hai| bhAratIya bhASAoM ke vikAsa meM ina prAkRtoM kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| paMjAbI, rAjasthAnI, gujarAtI, hindI, marAThI, baGgalA, ur3iyA Adi aneka bhASAoM kA vikAsa inhIM prAkRtoM se huA hai| yuga-yuga taka prAkRta hI jana-jana kI bhASA rahI hai| jisa taraha Aja hindI sabhya varga kI eka sAhityika bhASA hote hue bhI gharaghara meM bhojapurI, bundelI, mAlavI, mevAr3I, mAravAr3I Adi lokabhASAe~ hI pracalita haiM, jaina evaM bauddha dharma ke pravartakoM evaM AcAryoM ne apane ko jana-jana se jor3ane ke lie prAkRtoM ko apnaayaa| Aja prAkRta kA jJAna, adhyayana evaM adhyApanadhIre-dhIre vilupta hotA jA rahA hai| sampUrNa deza meM pAli evaM prAkRta ke vidvAnoM kI saMkhyA aGguliyoM para ginane yogya hai| isa pustaka se prAkRta ke jAnane vAloM kI saMkhyA bar3ha rahI hai| jo loga saMskRta ke adhyayana meM nirata haiM aura jo saMskRta kI zailI meM prAkRta sIkhane ke icchuka haiN| prAkRta dIpikA - donoM hI prakAra ke logoM kI apekSAoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara likhI gayI kRti hai| jainoM kA Agama-sAhitya ardhamAgadhI prAkRta tathA zaurasenI prAkRta meM milatA hai| vaidika saMskRta meM sAhityika prAkRta kI pravRttiyA~ bhI bahutAyata meM milatI haiN| jaise- (1) apavAda sthaloM kA bAhulya, (2) dvivacana ke sthAna para bahuvacana kA prayoga, (3) antya vyaJjana ke lopa kI pravRtti, (4) dhAtuoM meM gaNabheda kA abhAva, (5) Atmanepadaparasmaipada ke bheda kA abhAva, (6) vartamAna kAla aura bhUtakAla ke kriyApadoM meM prayogoM kI aniyamitatA (7) nAmarUpoM meM vibhakti-vyatyaya (caturthI ke sthAna para SaSThI tathA tRtIyA ke sthAna para SaSThI yA saptamI kA prayoga) aadi| isa taraha vaidika kAla se hI hameM prAkRtabhASA ke bIja milate haiN| tIna bhAgoM- (vyAkaraNa, anuvAda aura saMkalana) meM vibhakta 'prAkRta dIpikA' prAkRta ke jJAna ke lie ati uttama kRti hai| vidvAnoM ke abhimata - 1. DaoN. nemicanda jaina, sampAdaka, tIrthaGkara, indaura- pustaka upayogI aura prAkRta kA Arambhika (viziSTa bhI) adhyayana karane vAloM ke lie eka ullekhya AdhAra hai| 2.DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, nidezaka, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI - DaoN. sudarzanalAla jena kA yaha grantha donoM hI prakAra ke logoM (asaMskRtajJa aura saMskRtajJa) kI apekSAoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara likhA gayA hai| - pro0 vijaya kumAra jaina rASTriya saMskRta saMsthAna, lakhanaU 431

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munisuvratakAvya : eka samIkSA ___'munisuvratakAvya' meM bIsaveM tIrthakara bhagavAn munisuvratanAtha kA jIvana-darzana citrita hai| isake praNetA mahAkavi zrI arhaddAsa haiN| prastuta grantha-ratna prathama bAra jaina siddhAnta bhavana ArA (bihAra) se 1999 I. meM svopajJa 'sukhabodhA' saMskRta TIkA sahita prakAzita huA thaa| ati jIrNa avasthA meM isakI prati zrI siGkaI ToDaramala jaina ke saMgraha meM surakSita thii| zrI siGghaI ke anurodha para DaoN. sudarzana lAla jaina ne unhIM ke dvArA pradatta jIrNa mudrita prati ke AdhAra para prastuta grantha kI svopajJa- 'sukhabodhA' saMskRta TIkA sahita sampAdana kiyA hai| isakA prakAzana svayaM zrI siGghaI ne svastika lAima inDasTrIja, zivadhAma, kaTanI, madhya pradeza se 1997 I. meM kiyA hai| DaoN. sudarzana lAla jaina ne bhUmikA meM samIkSAtmaka adhyayana bhI prastuta kiyA hai aura anta meM zokoM kI anukramaNikA prastuta kI hai| isake atirikta unhoMne hindI anuvAda bhI prastuta kiyA hai| prastuta grantha para upalabdha svopajJa 'sukhabodhA' saMskRta TIkA se zrokoM ke artha ko AsAnI se samajhA jA sakatA hai| zokoM meM prayukta zabdoM ko bodhagamya banAne ke liye grantha- praNetA tathA TIkAkAra zrI arhaddAsa ne vaijayantI, dhanaJjaya, amarakoSa, vizvakoSa tathA nAnArtharatnakoSa se paryAyavAcI zabdoM ko uddhata kiyA hai| isake sAtha hI TIkAkAra ne vyAkaraNa ke sUtroM ko bhI uddhRta kiyA hai| isalie TIkA kA 'sukhabodhA' nAmakaraNa samIcIna hai| DaoN. jaina ne prAkkathana meM paryAyavAcI zabdoM ke anantara (=) tathA samAsa pUrva (-) cihna die haiN| isa prakAra yaha saTIka susampAdita saMskaraNa hai| prastuta grantha ratna eka mahAkAvya hai, jo dasa bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai| yaha mahAkAvya ke sabhI lakSaNoM se upeta hai| granthapraNetA ke anusAra isakA mukhya prayojana jinendradeva (tIrthaGkara munisuvratanAtha) ke caritra kA varNana karanA hai| kyoMki ve hI prANiyoM ke lie cintAmaNi aura hRdyArtha rUpI ratna kI ekamAtra nidhi haiM - yadvaya'te jainacaritramatra cintAmaNirbhavyajanasya ycc| hRdyArtharatnaikanidhiH svymettkaavyrtnaabhidhmetdstu|| isake atirikta ati parAkramI tIrthaGkara munisuvrata ke pitA sumitra tathA tIrthaGkara munisuvrata kI mAtA padmAvatI ke caritra kA bhI isa mahAkAvya meM citraNa hai| tIrthaGkara jinendradeva munisuvrata kA caritra hI sabase mahattvapUrNa hai kyoMki caturtha aGka ke anantara sumitra aura padmAvatI ke darzana nahIM hote haiN| bhUmikA meM prastuta samIkSAtmaka adhyayana nitAnta maulika evaM zodhaparaka hai| isameM DaoN. jaina ne jaina saMskRtakAvya-sAhitya ke udbhava aura vikAsa para vistRta carcA karane ke sAtha hI mahAkAvya ke praNetA mahAkavi zrI arhaddAsa ke jIvana evaM kRtittva para vistAra se prakAza DAlA hai| DaoN. jaina ne prastuta mahAkAvya ke mahAkAvyatva ko sAhityazAstra ke granthoM meM pradatta mahAkAvya ke lakSaNoM ke AdhAra para siddha kiyA hai| vidvAnoM kA mantavya hai ki isameM deviyoM dvArA padmAvatI kI sevA, kubera dvArA ratna-vRSTi, vizada maGgalAcaraNa, sajjana -prazaMsA, durjana - nindrA Adi prabandha rUr3hiyoM ke kAraNa ise paurANika mahAkAvya mAnanA ucita hogaa| samIkSA meM grantha ke bhAvapakSa tathA kalApakSa kA prastutIkaraNa bhI grantha ke mahattva ko ujAgara karatA hai| isameM nArI-saundarya kA nakha-zikha varNana, puruSa-saundarya meM rAjA sumitra kA Abhyantara saundarya tathA munisuvrata kA bAhya-saundarya vizeSa mahattva kA hai| prakRti kahIM Alambana-vibhAva ke rUpa meM aura kahIM uddIpana vibhAva ke rUpa meM citrita hai| prathama aura navama sarga meM prakRti citraNa se kavi kI varNana zailI kA parijJAna hotA hai, jisakA nirUpaNa DaoN. jaina dvArA kiyA gayA hai| apanI samIkSA meM DaoN. jaina kA kathana hai ki vIbhatsa, raudra evaM bhayAnaka rasoM ko chor3a sabhI rasoM kA paripAka prastuta mahAkAvya meM huA hai| sargoM meM prayukta hone vAle alaMkAroM aura chandoM kA ullekha DaoN. jaina ne pRSTha 56 aura 57 para kiyA hai| isa grantha-ratna kI bhASA sarasa evaM praur3ha hai| Tavarga tathA karNakaTu varNoM kA sarvathA abhAva hai| isa prakAra bhAva-pakSa tathA kalA-pakSa ke varNana meM DaoN. jaina kI maulika pratibhA jhalakatI hai| DaoN. jaina ne grantha kA hindI meM anuvAda bhI kiyA hai, jo bIsaveM tIrthaGkara bhagavAn munisuvratanAtha ke jIvana evaM 432

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zikSA darzana ko gaharAI se samajhane meM sahAyaka evaM upayogI hai| grantha meM Agata pAribhASika zabdoM kI hindI meM vyAkhyA bhI DaoN. jaina ne yathA sthAna prastuta kara dI hai| sampAdana tathA anuvAda kArya prazaMsanIya hai| bhUmikA meM diyA gayA jaina saMskRta-kAvya kA itihAsa bahuta upayogI pro. satyadeva kauzika pUrva saMskRta vibhAgAdhyakSa, alIgar3ha muslima vizvavidyAlaya, alIgar3ha sAhitya-samArAdhanA kA nisyandamunisuvratakAvya bIsaveM jaina tIrthaGkara munisuvratasvAmI ke jIvana kA citraNa karane vAle isa mahAkAvya ko punaH prakAzana meM lAne kA zreya jaina darzana evaM sAhitya ke gahana adhyetA zraddheya guruvara pro. sudarzanalAla jaina, pUrva adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga evaM pUrva kalA saGkAyAdhyakSa, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI ko hai| eka bAra pro. jaina apane cacere mAmA zrI siMghaI ToDaramala jaina jI se milane unake ghara gye| unhoMne apane pitA ke pAsa saMrakSita jaina siddhAnta bhavana, ArA se 1929 I. meM prakAzita isa munisuvrata mahAkAvya kI eka prati dikhalAkara use punaH chapavAne kI icchA prakaTa kii| pro. jaina ke vidyAnurAga evaM jainadharma ke prati zraddhA bhAva ne unheM isa racanA ko gahanatA se dekhane hetu pravRtta kiyaa| kAvyagrantha kI jIrNatA tathA bhASAgata azuddhiyoM ko dekhakara use zuddha bhASA meM samyak rUpa meM sampAdita karane ke tathA hindI anuvAda ke dAyitva ko svIkRti de dii| jinavANI meM pragADha AsthA rakhane vAle zrIToDaramala jI ne grantha ke prakAzana meM Ane vAle Arthika vyaya kA bojha saharSa uThAne hetu sammati pradAna kii| isa prakAra julAI 1997 meM yaha grantha punarmudrita hokara vistRta bhUmikA tathA svopajJa 'sukhabodhA' saMskRta TIkA evaM hindI bhASAnuvAda ke sAtha navInarItyA susajjita hokara sAmane aayaa| munisuvrata mahAkAvya ke sampAdana meM pro. sudarzanalAla jaina jI ne vistRta bhUmikA bhAga meM jaina saMskRta kAvya sAhitya kA sAragarbhita vivecana prastuta kiyA hai| yaha vivecana vizAla jaina saMskRta vAGmaya kA saMkSipta meM bahuta prAmANika evaM spaSTa vizeSaNa karane vAlA hai, jisase pAThaka sahajarUpa meM alpa samaya meM pramukha saMskRta jaina kAvyoM, kAvyaprabhedoM, kAvyakAroM evaM kAvya ke varNya viSaya se suparicita ho jAtA hai| svayaM jainamatAnuyAyI hone para bhI AcAryapravara kA yaha vivecana apane pantha ke prati vizeSa Agraha kA pradarzana nahIM krtaa| unhoMne taTastha samAlecaka kI dRSTi se yaha bhUmikA bhAga bakhUbI likhA hai| unhoMne jaina saMskRta kAvyoM kI vizeSatAoM kA parigaNana karAte hue aneka jaina paurANika, aitihAsika, zAstrIya mahAkAvyoM, sandeza kAvyoM, laghukAvyoM, gItikAvyoM, samasyApUrti kAvyoM, subhASita kAvyoM, gadyakAvyoM, kathAkAvyoM, campUkAvyoM evaM dRzya kAvyoM kI racanA evaM racanAkAra ke samaya evaM nAma nirdezapUrvaka vivaraNa upasthita kiyA hai| Apane vivaraNa ko adhika yukti saMgata banAne hetu katipaya pramukha jaina saMskRtakAvyoM evaM kAvyakAroM kA alaga se vivaraNa prastuta kiyA hai| yaha samagra lekhana AcArya sudarzana lAla jaina kI samAlocakIya evaM sampAdakIya pratibhA kA sundara nidarzana hai| uddezya aura kathAnaka - dasa sargoM meM nibaddha isa mahAkAvya meM bIsaveM tIrthaMkara munisuvrata jI ke janmakalyANaka se lekara mokSa kalyANaka taka kI kathA bahuta sundara DhaMga se nibaddha hai| tIrthakara munisuvrata isa mahAkAvya ke nAyaka haiN| isa mahAkAvya ke praNayana kA uddezya svayaM kavi arhaddAsa ne spaSTa kiyA hai - tIrthaGkara svAmI ke prati bhaktibhAva, isakA ullekha unake ina do zokoM se svataH ho jAtA hai - sarasvatIkalpalatAM sa ko vA saMvardhayiSyan jinpaarijaatm| vimucya kAJjalIratarUpameSu vyAropayet praakRtnaaykessu|| gaNAdhipasyaiva gaNeyametat bhavAmi codynbhgvccritre|| bhaktIrito nanvagacAlane'pi zakto na loke grahilo na lokH|| arthAt sarasvatI rUpI kalpalatA ke saMvardhana hetu bhalA kauna vidvAn jinendra rUpa kalpavRkSa ko chor3akara viSavRkSa 433

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ke samAna adhama prAkRta puruSoM kA Alambana karegA? arthAt kalpalatikA jaise viSavRkSa kA tiraskara kara kalpavRkSa kA Azraya letI hai, vaisI hI merI zroyAbhilASiNI vANI adhama nAyaka kI upekSA kara jinendra bhagavAn ko hI carita nAyaka bnaaegii| unakA spaSTa vaktavya hai ki bhagavaccaritra se prerita hokara hI ve isa kAvya kA praNayana kara rahe haiN| unakA yaha prayAsa vaise hI hai, jaise pizAcagrasta vyakti bar3e bar3e parvatoM ko kampita karane meM samartha ho jAtA hai, vaise hI bahujJAnasAdhya yaha kArya alpajJa hone para bhI mere dvArA sampanna ho ske| vi.saM. 1300-1400 ke prArambhika bhAga meM vidyamAna arhadAsa kA yaha kAvya sAhityika samIkSA ke niSkarSa para kase jAne para uttama kAvyaratna siddha hotA hai| pro. sudarzanalAla jaina ne apane vistRta bhUmikA bhAga meM kAvyazAstrIya samAlocanA ke vibhinna mAnakoM ke anusAra isa kAvya ke vibhinna pakSoM kA bahuta sundara evaM vyavasthita vizleSaNa kiyA hai| munisuvrata kAvya kA kathAnaka paurANika hai, jisakI mUla kathA guNabhadrakRta jaina uttarapurANa se lI gaI hai| dasa soM evaM 408 padyoM meM nibaddha isa mahAkAvya ke nAyaka satkulotpanna muni suvratasvAmI haiM, jo kAvyazAstrIya mAnadaNDoM ke anusAra vIraprazAnta koTi ke nAyaka haiN| kAvya kA aGgIrasa zAnta haiM tathA prasaGgAnusAra zRGgArAdi anya rasa aGgarUpa meM Agata haiN| cAra puruSArthoM meM parigaNita dharma evaM mokSa isake uddezya haiN| kathAnaka paJca sandhiyoM se yukta hai evaM sarga ke anta meM chanda parivartana hai| isameM sthAna-sthAna para vibhinna prAkRtika dRzyoM kA sundara saMyojana hai| nagara, upavana, parvata, nadiyoM, RtuoM Adi nAnA prakAra ke varNya viSayoM kA isameM samAveza hai, jo ise eka utkRSTa kAvya kI saMjJA se vibhUSita karate haiN| isa mahAkAvya ke nAyaka munisuvratasvAmI magadha deza kI rAjadhAnI rAjagRha ke rAjA sumitra ke putra haiN| sajjanoM ke rakSaNa evaM durjanoM kA damana karane ke kAraNa sumitra anvartha nAma vAle the| unakI padmAvatI nAmaka ananya sundarI rAnI thI jinake garbha se munisuvrata kA janma huaa| kathAkrama ke anusAra ye pUrvajanma meM aGgadeza ke campApura nAmaka nagara meM harivarmA nAmaka rAjA the, jinakA yaza samagra bhUmaNDala meM vyApta thaa| isa manISI rAjA ne antaraGga bhAva se bhoga evaM zarIra ke rAga ko tuccha jAnakara svayaM apane rAjapada ko upekSita kara jinendra muni anantavIrya ke caraNoM meM digambara jinadIkSA le lii| nAnA prakAraka tapazcaraNa karate hue Abhyantara evaM bahiraGga tapa sAdhanoM se prabhUta puNyArjana kara ve prANata svarga ke prANata nAma vAle vimAna meM prANatendra nAmaka devendra hue| bIsa sAgara pramANa Ayu vale ve prANatendra hI sumitra evaM padmAvatI ke ghara putrarUpa meM janme evaM bAda meM bIsaveM tIrthaGkara ke rUpa meM vikhyAta hue| mahAkAvya meM aneka alaukika jIvana-cakra kA sundara varNana kiyA gayA hai| unake garbha meM Ane se pUrva devagaNa alaukika siddhiyoM kA pradarzana karane lge| svayaM devAGganAe~ devarAja indra ke Adeza se unakI mAtA padmAvatI ke pAsa phuNcii| unhoMne rAjA-rAnI ke samakSa unakI bhAvI santAna ke pUrvajanma kA vRtta evaM kalyANakArI bhaviSyaphala bhI sunaayaa| rAnI padmAvatI kA nAnA prakAraka alaGkaraNa kiyaa| rAnI ne kramaza:- solaha svapna dekhe jo mAnoM svayaM usake guNoM ke AkhyApaka the- 1. gajendra, 2. vRSabhendra, 3. siMha, 4. lakSmI, 5. mAlAyugala, 6. candra, 7. sUrya, 8. mIna yugala, 9. kalaza yugala, 10. vApI, 11. samudra. 12. siMhAsana, 13. vimAna, 14. nAgabhavana, 15. ratnarAzi, nidhUma aura 16. agni| rAjA sumitra ne rAnI se ina svapnoM ko sunakara unakI vyAkhyA kI -rAnI padmAvatI tumheM tInoM lokoM ke bhavya jIvoM kA ekamAtra mitra rUpa vividha guNa sampanna tIrthaGkara putra hogaa| jo gajendra darzana se unnata caritra vAlA, vRSabha darzana se dharmoddhAraka, siMhadarzana se parAkramI, lakSmIdarzana se atyadhika zrIsampanna, mAlAyugala darzana se sabakA zirodhArI, candradarzana se saMsAratApahartA, sUrya darzana se ati tejasvI, mInadarzana se sundara AkRti vAlA, kalazadarzana se kalyANAspada, sarovara darzana se vAtsalya rasa yukta, samudradarzana se gambhIra buddhi vAlA, siMhAsana darzana se rAjya siMhAsanAdhipati devavimAna darzana, nAgabhavana darzana, ratnarAzidarzana tathA nirdhUma agnidarzana se kramazaH devAgamana yukta nAgAgamana yukta, triratna guNoM kA udgama evaM aSTakarma dahana karane vAle guNoM se yukta hogaa| svAbhAvika hai aise guNoM ke puJjarUpa putra ke Agamana kI kalpanA mAtra se dampatI sumitra va padmAvatI atyanta harSita hue| samayAnusAra prANata svarga se Akara zrAvaNa mAsa ke kRSNa pakSa kI dvitIyA tithi ko zravaNa nakSatra tathA zivayoga meM rAtri ke antima prahara meM gajAkAra rUpa se mukha vivara dvArA padmavatI ke zarIra meM harivarmA kA jIva praviSTa huaa| bhAvI tIrthaGkara putra kA yaha alaukika prabhAva thA ki kubera rAjanagarI meM pandraha mAsa paryanta tInoM sandhyAoM meM 434

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ratnoM kI vRSTi karane lagA jisase vahA~ ke rAjaprasAda atyanta zobhAyamAna hue| anantara caitramAsa ke kRSNa pakSa kI paJcamI tithi ko zravaNa nakSatra meM rAnI padmAvatI ne munisuvrata putra ko utpanna kiyaa| jinendra munisuvrata ke janma ke samaya nAnA prakAraka alaukika prAkRtika dRzyoM evaM maGgala kAryoM ke hone kA sundara citraNa mahAkAvya meM prApta hotA hai| unake janma ke prabhAva se bhavanavAsI devoM ke gharoM meM zaMkhanAda, vanavAsI devoM ke gharoM meM bherInAda, jyotiSka devoM ke gharoM meM siMhanAda va kalpavAsI devoM ke yahA~ ghaNTAnAda apane Apa hone lgaa| AkAza se ratnavRSTi evaM puSpa vRSTi hone lagI, pRthvI sasyazyAmalA ho uThI, apsarAe~ nRtya evaM gAna karane lgiiN| devoM, dikpAloM, gandharvo se yukta indra ne apanI caturaGgiNI senA ke sAtha zacI sahita jinendra ke darzanArtha prasthAna kiyaa|" indrANI ne mAtA padmAvatI ke pAsa mAyAvI bAlaka ko rakhakara usa bAlaka ko indra ko sauMpa diyaa| indra ne jinendra ke caraNoM meM praNAma kara usa navajAta ko apane hAthoM meM lekara sammAnapUrvaka airAvata ke kandhe para bitthaayaa| IzAnendra ne una para chatra lgaayaa| ve AkAza mArga se pANDukavana lekara ge| vahA~ devatAoM ne jinendra kA samAroha pUrvaka janmAbhiSeka kiyaa| tadanantara devendra ne jinendra ko unake mAtA-pitA ke pAsa pahu~cAkara unase saba samAcAra nivedita kara diyaa| tatpazcAt unake jAtakarmAdi saMskAra sampanna hone para indra ne ye jinezvara samasta muniyoM ko suvratI banAyeMge evaM svayaM bhI suvratI baneMge, aisA vicArakara inakA munisuvrata yaha nAma rkhaa| jinendra munisuvrata kA yaha alaukika prabhAva thA ki unhoMne mAtA ke stanapAna kI icchA nahIM kii| svayaM unake hAtha ke aMguSTa meM kSudhA tRpti ke lie amRta (amRta-tulya dugdha) thaa|' jinendra svAmI kA 7500 varSa kA kumAra kAla rhaa| unake zarIra meM sadA ni:sveditA, nirmalatA, zvetarudhiratA, samAkRti, vajravRSabhanArAca-saMhanana tathA eNa nAmaka mRga kI nAbhi meM vidyamAna kastUrI kI sugaMdha ko tiraskRta kararane kI sugandhimattA thii|" ve kamala, zaMkha, matsya aura zrIvatsa Adi eka sau ATha uttama lakSaNoM tathA masUrikAdi nau sau uttama vyaJjanoM (lakSaNoM ) se sampanna the| isa taraha rAjakumAra munisuvrata svAbhAvika atizayoM se yukta the| inakI Ayu tIsa hajAra varSa thii| bIsa dhanuSa pramANa U~cAI thii| viSa, agni, zastrAdi ke vighAta se dUra the| vAta, pitta, kapha janya vyAdhiyoM se rahita the tathA vikasita alasI ke puSpa ke samAna varNa vAle the| yuvAvasthA prApta hone para pitA ne inakA vivAha evaM yauvarAjyAbhiSeka kiyaa| inake zAsanakAla meM sarvatra sukha zAnti thii| rAjya siMhAsana para rahate hue unhoMne dasa hAjara pA~ca sau varSoM taka zAsana kiyaa| tadanantara jaina muni ke mukha se gajavRttAnta sunakara inakI vairAgya bhAvanA prabala ho gii| inhoMne apane putra vijaya ko rAjyabhAra sauMpa diyaa| mAtA-pitA, bandhuvarga evaM amAtyAdikoM se nivedana karake gRha-tyAgArtha unhoMne aparAjitA nAmaka pAlakI para ArUDha hokara nIlavana meM praveza kiyaa| antaraGga evaM bahiraGga samasta parigrahoM kA tyAga kara padmAsana meM sthita rahakara ve mantra jApa karane lge| tadanantara kezaluJcana kara vaizAkha kRSNadazamI ko candrayukta zravaNa nakSatra meM unhoMne munidIkSA grahaNa kii| muni suvratasvAmI ne pUrNacAritra, zIla tathA saMyama ke dhAraka hokara samasta siddhiyoM ko prApta kara liyaa| ve ugra tapasyA karane lge| sahasra muniyoM se yukta ve munisuvratanAtha usI prakAra suzobhita hae jaise hajAra-netroM se indra, hajAra kiraNoM se sUrya, hajAra patroM se kamala, hajAra AroM se cakraratna, hajAra phaNoM se zeSanAga tathA hajAra yakSoM se nidhi zobhita haiN| isake bAda 'rAjagRha' nAmaka rAjadhAnI meM 'vRSabhasena' nAmaka rAjA ne zraddhA tathA bhakti ke dvArA munisuvrata svAmI ko pAraNA (AhAra) kraaii| pAraNA ke samaya pA~ca Azcarya hue| 1. ratnavRSTi, 2. puSpavRSTi, 3. devadundubhi, 4. prazaMsA dhvani, 5. sugandhita zItala manda gandha dhvni| tapazcaraNa evaM sAdhanA ke isI krama meM munisuvratanAtha ne zuddhAtmatattva paryAya vAlA pApavinAzaka zukla dhyAna lgaayaa| isameM unhoMne mohanIya karma kI sAta prakRtiyoM krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, mithyAtva, samyakmithyAtva aura samyaktva ina tIna karmaprakRtiyoM kA kSaya kara kramaza: styAnatraya, teraha nAmakarma tathA avaziSTa ikkIsa mohanIya karma kI prakRtiyoM ko naSTa karate hue kSINakAya nAmaka bArahaveM guNasthAna meM jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya aura antarAya kI solaha karmakRtiyoM ko bhasma kiyaa| unake yogakhaDga se samasta ghAtiyA karma naSTa ho gye| isa prakAra una tIrthaGkara ne vaizAkha kRSNa dazamI ko zravaNa nakSatra meM aparAhna velA meM karmakSaya se utpanna navalabdhiyoM samyaktva, darzana, jJAna, cAritra, dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya, dasa atizayoM tathA AkAza meM pA~ca hajAra dhanuSapramANa unnata sthAna eka sAtha prApta kiyaa| unakI samavasaraNa sabhA meM adbhuta daivI AbhA thii| antataH sammedAcala para tIrthaGkara munisuvratanAtha jI kA sollAsa mokSa 435

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kalyANaka sampanna haa| sAhityika samIkSA - munisuvrata mahAkAvya sAhityika samIkSA kI dRSTi se atyutama racanA hai| munisuvrata svAmI ke jIvanavRtta kA nirUpaNa karane ke krama meM jainadarzana ke siddhAntoM kA bhI sundara prakhyApana hai| munisuvrata svAmI ke jIvanAnukrama kA citraNa alaGkRta sAhityika bhAva-bhUmi para kiyA gayA hai| varNana ko bhAvapUrNa DhaMga se upasthApita karane meM aneka sundara alaGkAra anAyasa hI kavilekhanI ko samalaGkRta karate haiN| kAvya kA prArambha kAlidAsa evaM nalacampUkAra trivikrama bhaTTa zailI kA anukaraNa karatA hai| kAlidAsa raghuvaMza ke prArambha meM kahate haiM - mandaH kaviyazaH prArthI gmissyaamyuphaasytaam| prAMzulabhye phale zobhAdubAhuriva vAmanaH / / raghuvaMza 1/3 nalacampUkAra isI bhAva ko isa prakAra kahate haiM so'haM haMsAyituM mohAd bakaH pnggurythecchsi| mandadhIstadvadicchAmi kvivRndaarkaayitum|| isI zailI kA anukaraNa karate hue AcArya arhaddAsa kahate haiM manaH paraM krIDayituM mamaitatkAvyaM kariSye khalu bAla essH| na lAbhapUjAdirataH pareSAM na lAlanecchA: klbhaarmnte|| arthAt alpajJa maiM arhaddAsa apane manoraJjana hetu hI isa kAvya kA praNayana karU~gA, na ki dUsaroM se arthalAbha evaM sammAna pAne kI kAmanA se| hAthI ke bacce, apanI umaMga se hI jalakrIDA karate haiM, dUsaroM ko prasanna karane kI abhilASA se nhiiN| punazca merA yaha kAvya yadi pUrvavartI kaviyoM ke samAna nahIM hogA, yaha mAnakara sajjanagaNa haMsate haiM, to hNse| jar3a evaM tuccha zukti kyA Aja bhI amUlya motI paidA nahIM karatI ? zravyaM karotyeSa kila prabandhaM paurastyavanneti hasantu sntH| kiM zuktayo'dyApi mahAparAkhU muktAphalaM no suvate vimugdhaaH|| kavi isa tathya se bhI suparicita hai ki isa saMsAra meM mahAkaviyoM ke prabandha ko sunakara koI koI mahApuruSa hI pramudita hote haiM, jar3a nhiiN| jaise candrodaya ko dekhakara samudra hI vRddhi ko prApta hotA hai, jalAzaya nahIM prabandhamAkarNya mahAkavInAM pramodamAyAti mhaanihaikH| vidhUdayaM vIkSya nadIna eva vivRddhimAyAti jaDAzayA n|| munisuvrata kAvya kA prabala pakSa hai, isakI kaavyaatmktaa| magadha deza evaM rAjagRha kA yahA~ atyanta sundara varNana hai| alaGkAroM kI manorama chaTA anekatra dikhAI detI hai| munisuvrata ke janma deza magadha ke varNana prasaGga meM parisaMkhyA alaGkAra kA sundara prayoga vahA~ ke prAkRtika evaM mAnasika saundarya kA sahaja citraNa kara detA hai - yatrAvitvaM phalitATavISu palAzitAdrau kusume praagH| nimittamAtre pizunatvamAsId niroSThayakAvyeSvapavAditA c||4 jisa magadha deza meM Artavatva (SaDRtuoM kA honA, mAnasika duHkha) phale hue jaMgaloM meM thA, magadhavAsiyoM meM nahIM palAzitA (pattoM vAlA honA yA mAMsa bhakSaNa) parvatoM meM thA, magadhavAsiyoM meM nahIM, parAga (puSparaja, bar3A aparAdha) phUloM meM thA, manuSyoM meM nahIM pishuntv| (zakuna vicAra, cugalakhorI) nimittazAstroM meM thI, manaSyoM meM nhiiN| apavAditA (pavargoktirAhitya, nindAbhAva) oSThyAkSara rahita kAvyoM meM thA, manuSyoM meM nhiiN| jahA~ mAlyatA (puSpamAlAe~, malinatA) striyoM ke kezapAzoM meM thI, na ki magadhavAsiyoM meN| zyAma-Ananatva striyoM ke stanoM meM thA, logoM ke hRdaya meM nhiiN| jar3atA (gaThIlApana, mandatA) striyoM kI jaMghAoM meM thI, magadha nivAsiyoM kI buddhi meM nhiiN| apAGgatA (kaTAkSa-IkSaNa, aGgahInatA) striyoM ke netroM meM thI, na ki magadhavAsiyoM meN| nAstivAda (atikRzatA, nAstikatA) striyoM ke kaTi bhAga meM thA, magadhanivAsiyoM meM nahIM - strINAM kace mAlyamurojabhAre zyAmAnanatvaM jaghane jddtvm| apAGgatA kevalamakSisImnormadhyapradezeSu ca naastivaadH|| 436

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isI prakAra dvitIya sarga meM rAjA sumitra ke parAkrama evaM padmAvatI ke saundarya kA mohaka citraNa kavi pratibhA ke prakarSa kA sUcaka hai| yahA~ rAnI padmAvatI ke anirvacanIya saundarya kA citraNa hai| kAvya meM upamA , utprekSA, rUpaka, bhrAntimAn, arthAntaranyAsa, parisaMkhyA, atizayokti, virodhAbhAsa Adi alaGkAroM ke bar3e sundara prayoga haiN| prophesara sudarzanalAla jaina jI ne isa kAvya kI sAhityikasamAlocanA karate hue alaGkRti, saundarya kA vidhivat nirUpaNa kiyA hai| prakRti ke Alambana evaM uddIpana vibhAva ke aneka ramaNIya citra navama sarga ke Rtu varNana evaM prathama sarga ke magadha deza evaM rAjagRha ke varNana meM sthAna-sthAna para prApta hote haiN| udAharaNArtha eka padya draSTavya hai, rAjagRha meM nIlamaNi eva sphaTika maNi se jaTita jinAlayoM kI kAnti AkAza meM pratibimbita ho rahI thI, isase harI ghAsa evaM jala kI bhrAnti se AkRSTa hokara daur3ate hue ghor3oM ko rokane meM asamartha hokara mAno sUrya ne uttarAyaNa aura dakSiNAyana kA vibhAjana kiyA - yatrAsmagarbhArkajinAlayatvicchatre'bhramadhye tapano htthen| dUrvAmbubuddhayA dravadazvarodhaklezAsahaH kiM kurute'yane dve||" kAvya kI bhASA sahaja, sarala, sAnuprAsika evaM pravAha yukta hai| prAyaH vaidarbhI evaM pAJcAlI rIti ke sthala prApta haiN| isI prakAra magadha deza kI vRkSa-paMktiyoM kA varNana karate hue kavi kI padazayyA darzanIya hai- - taraGgiNInAM trunnaanvitnaagmtucchpdmcchdlaacchitaani| pRthUni yasmin pulinAni rejuH kAJcIpadAnIva nkhaalpitaa|| arthAt magadha deza meM vRkSa paMktiyoM se yukta vizAla pulina vikasita kamalapatroM se cihnita haiM, phalata: nAyikA ke nakhakSata yukta jaghana pradeza ke samAna zobhAyamAna ho rahe haiN| saMkSepa meM munisuvrata kAvya jainadharma meM mahanIya sthAna prApta tIrthaGkara paramparA ke viziSTa ratna munisuvrata svAmI ke jIvana kA kAvyAtmaka zailI meM nibandhana karane vAlA zreSTha mahAkAvya hai| isakI bhAvapUrNa kalpanAe~, rucira prastuti, cittAkarSaka varNana kSamatA, pravAhayukta padazayyA evaM mohaka alaGkRti saundarya ise jaina saMskRta mahAkAvya paramparA kA eka utkRSTa hIraka ratna siddha karane meM samartha hai| sandarbha - 1. munisuvratakAvya 1/12-13 15 munisuvratakAvya 7/11 2 munisuvratakAvya 2/1 17 munisuvratakAvya 7/12 3 munisuvratakAvya 2/10 18 vahI 7/13 4 munisuvratakAvya 2/7-8 19 munivratakAvya 8/17 5 munisuvratakAvya 2/11 20 nalacampU 1/21-22 6 munisuvratakAvya 3/23-25 21 munivratakAvya 1/15 7 munisuvratakAvya 3/28-30 22 munivratakAvya 1/14 8 munisuvratakAvya 3/32 23 munivratakAvya 1/16 9 munisuvratakAvya 4/13 24 munivratakAvya 1/34 10 munisuvratakAvya 4/23-40 25 munivratakAvya 1/35 11 munisuvratakAvya 4/42-47 26 munivratakAvya 2/24 12 munisuvratakAvya 5/1-10 27 munivratakAvya 1/52 13 munisuvratakAvya 6/43 28 munivratakAvya 1/41 14 munisuvratakAvya 7/2-3 29 munivratakAvya 1/26 tathA 39,50 pro. DaoN.manulatA zarmA pUrva adhyakSa saMskRtavibhAga, kalA saMkAya, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya 437

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saMskRtabhASA prazikSuoM kI rAjapaddhati 'saMskRta pravezikA' mahAmahima rASTrapati ke dvArA sammAnita kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI ke kalA saMkAya ke pUrva pramukha evaM saMskRta vibhAga ke pUrva adhyakSa AcArya pravara pro. sudarzana lAla jaina kI saMskRta vyAkaraNa, anuvAda nibandha kI pustaka 'saMskRta pravezikA' bahudhA prazaMsita evaM pracalita hai| Apane vizvavidyAlayIya adhyApana kI dIrgha avadhi meM prApta anubhava evaM apanI antargata zAstraprajJA kA yaha samaveta unmeSa hai| adhyetAoM ke saMskRtabhASA zikSaNa hetu prathama praveza se lekara uttarottara unake jJAna evaM prayoga meM kSamatAvRddhi ko dhyAna meM rakhakara ukta pustaka meM tIna bhAga diye gaye haiN| tathA eka vividha viSayaka pariziSTa hai| prathamabhAga : vyAkaraNa - isa bhAga meM daza adhyAya haiM - (1) varNamAlA (Alphabet), (2) sandhi (Euphonce combination of letters), (3) kRt pratyaya (Primary Suffixes), (4) taddhita pratyaya (Secondary Suffixes), (5) strI pratyaya (Formation of feminine bases), (6) avyaya (Indelinable words), (7) kAraka evaM vibhakti (Case and case-ending), (8) samAsa (Compound) evaM (9) zabdarUpa (Declension) aura (10) dhAturUpa (Conjugation of verbs) dvitIya bhAga : anuvAda - isameM 26 pATha haiM, jinameM vyAkaraNa ke vividha viSayoM ke AdhAra para niyamoM ko darzAte hue hindI ke vAkya saMskRta meM anuvAda karane hetu pUche gaye haiN| isa prakAra pratyeka pATha meM pahale vyAkaraNa se sambaddha koI niyama, usake katipaya hindI se saMskRta meM anUdita udAharaNa vAkyoM ko darzAne ke pazcAt una vAkyoM meM prayukta vyAkaraNa kA koI niyama darzAyA gayA hai| usake bAda usa niyama se sambaddha (anuvAda karane hetu katipaya hindI vAkya diye gaye haiM jisase sambaddha vyAkaraNa niyamoM ke anusAra anuvAda kiyA jA ske| isa prakAra chAtroM meM anuvAda ke mAdhyama se vyAkaraNa evaM saMskRta bhASA ke prayogoM kI kSamatA meM vRddhi hotI hai| tRtIya bhAga : saMskRta nibandha - sarala evaM mAnaka saMskRta bhASA meM nibandha lekhana se bhASAjJAna kI samRddhi kA bodha tvarita ho jAtA hai| isa uddezya se isa bhAga meM 20 zIrSakoM meM sAkSAt nibandha likhe gaye haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM - (1) kAzIhindUvizvavidyAlayaH, (2) gaGgA, (3) vArANasI, (4) bhagavAn buddhaH, (5) mahAmanA-madanamohanamAlavIyaH, (6) mahAtmA-gAMdhiH, (7) mahAkavikAlidAsaH, (8)satsaGgatiH, (9) sadAcAraH, (10) paropakAraH, (11) saMskRtabhASAyAH mahattvam, (12) mAtRbhaktiH dezabhaktizca, (13) anuzAsanam, (14) vidyArthikarttavyam, (15) Adhunika vijJAnam, (16) vidyA, (17) satyam, (18) udyogaH, (19) ahiMsA, (20) guNAH pUjAsthAnaM guNiSu na ca liGgaM na ca vyH| yathocita vividha sambaddha zoka evaM gadya Adi ke uddharaNoM ke sAtha likhe gaye ye sarala saMskRtanibaddha nibandha chAtroM ke lie to upayogI siddha hue haiN| zikSaka evaM abhibhAvakoM ke lie bhI mArgadarzaka bane haiN| caturthabhAga : vividha viSayaka pariziSTa - saMskRta pravezikA meM diye gaye pariziSTa meM gaNIya katipaya dhAtuoM ke rUpoM ke koSa, vAgvyavahAra zabdakoSa, Nic, san Adi pratyayAnta dhAtue~, karmavAcya evaM bhAvavAcya kI kriyAyeM, Atmanepada-parasmaipada vidhAna, mUrdhanyIkaraNa (Natva vidhi tathA Satva-vidhi), prakRti-pratyaya, abhyAsa-saMgraha, katipaya anya saMskRta nibandha isa pustaka kI pUrNatA prAmANakitA evaM prayogArhatA ko hI sAkSAt saMketita kara rahe haiN| saMskRta vibhAga ke tatkAlIna prasiddha vaidika vidvAn pro. DaoN. vIrendrakumAra varmA ke nirdezana meM 1974 I. meM prathama vAra siddha-sarasvatI prakAzana, vArANasI se yaha saMskRta-pravezikA prakAzita huii| isakI prasiddhi itanI adhika thI ki zIghra hI isake cAra saMzodhita evaM parivardhita saMskaraNa prakAzita hue| bAda meM isakA prakAzana tArA buka ejensI, vArANasI 438

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ko de diyA gyaa| isa pustaka kI viziSTatA yaha bhI hai ki isakI zubhAzaMsA likhane vAloM meM prophesara DaoN. vidyAnivAsa mizra, DaoN. sureza candra pANDeya, DaoN. siddhezvara bhaTTAcArya, DaoN. rAmajI upAdhyAya, DaoN. vAcaspati upAdhyAya, DaoN. kapiladeva pANDeya, DaoN. prabhAkara zAstrI, DaoN. vizvanAtha bhaTTAcArya, jaise svanAma dhanya vidvAn haiM, DaoN. kapiladeva pANDeya ne isa pustaka kI zubhAzaMsA meM jo kahA hai, vaha sarvathA anvartha hai - uttarItuM parIkSAbdhiM saMskRtaM zikSituM tthaa| prakAmaM sevyatAM chAtraiH saMskRtaiSA prveshikaa|| sudhiyA suhRdA samyag grantharatnamakAri yt| kaNThe kRtvA tu tat premNA sarve santu sudarzanAH / / vastutaH saMskRta bhASA ko sarala evaM sahaja bhAva se sIkhane evaM snAtakAdi parIkSA meM sahajatA se saMskatabhASA vyAkaraNa evaM anuvAda ko likha pAne kI kSamatA kI janaka yaha saMskRta pravezikA aisA vistRta evaM prazasta rAjamArga hai jisameM binA bAdhA evaM AyAsa ke koI bhI chAtra praveza karane meM samartha hai| vidvAnoM ke abhimata - DaoN. vidyA nivAsa mizra, kulapati, kAzI vidyApITha, vArANasI-saMskRta-pravezikA pAzcAtya vyAkaraNa paddhati se likhI gayI upayogI pustaka hai| saMskRta vAkya-vinyAsa, pada-vinyAsa aura varNa-vinyAsa ko sugama DhaMga se samajhAne kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| mujhe visvAsa hai ki yaha saMskRta-adhyetAoM ke bar3e kAma kI pustaka hogii| DaoN. vizvanAtha bhaTTAcArya, adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI-vidvAn granthakAra ne adhyApaka ke rUpa meM vidyArthiyoM kI AvazyakatA ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue saMskRta vyAkaraNa ke durUha tattvoM kA subodha pratipAdana kiyA hai| saMskRta-pravezikA kA yaha caturtha saMskaraNa isakI vyApaka upayogitA ko sapramANa karatA hai| DaoN. bhAgIratha prasAda tripAThI 'vAgIza zAstrI', nidezaka, anusandhAna saMsthAna, saMpUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI- DaoN. sudarzanalAlajainamahodayaviracitA saMskRta-pravezikA tAvadadyAdhiprakAziteSu vyAkaraNAnuvAdanibandhagrantheSu pravarA kRtirvibhAti yA khalu zaikSANAM kovidAnAM ca nUnamupakArikA setsyatIti vADhaM prtyeti| pro. DaoN. surezacandra pANDeya, saMskRta vibhAga, ilAbAda vizvavidyAlaya, ilAhAbAda - maiMne DaoN. jaina kI saMskRtapravezikA ko par3hA hai| pustaka chAtroM ke lie parama upayogI hai, paThanIya hai tathA saMgrahaNIya hai| pro. DaoN. harinArayaNa dIkSita, adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga, kumAyU~ vizvavidyAlaya, nainItAla- DaoN. jaina ne saMskRta bhASA ko sIkhane aura sikhAne ke uddezya se bahuta hI acchI pustaka likhI hai| isase chAtroM aura adhyApakoM ko bar3I suvidhA hogii| DaoN. kRSNakAnta caturvedI, saMskRta vibhAga, jabalapura vizvavidyAlaya, jabalapura- DaoN. jaina anubhavI vidvAn haiM unakI yaha racanA niHsandeha bahuta acchI hai| snAtaka chAtroM ke lie yaha pustaka atyanta upayogI pramANita hogii| pro. DaoN. satyaprakAza siMha, adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga, alIgar3ha muslima vizvavidyAlaya, alIgar3ha- maiMne saMskRtapravezikA kA bhalI-bhA~ti avalokana kiyA hai| isameM saMskRta vyAkaraNa sabhI aGgoM kA subodha zailI meM prAmANika vivaraNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| pe. DaoN. rAmajI upAdhyAya, pUrva adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga, sAgara vizvavidyAlaya, sAgara-saMskRta vyAkaraNa sIkhane kI prAcIna aura navIna paddhatiyoM kA samIkaraNa karane meM DaoN. jaina ko adbhuta saphalatA milI hai| isa pustaka se saMskRta vyAkaraNa kA abhyAsa karane vAloM kI saMkhyA nirantara bddh'egii| Dr.S. Bhattacharya, adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya - Although the book is an Introduction to sanskrit it contains copious notes and is authenticated with original references at the footnotes. I have therefore no doubt to recommend the book for use by University and Institutions. DaoN. kapiladeva pANDeyaH,adhyakSa saMskRta vibhAga, Arya mahilA DigrI kAleja, vArANasI uttarItuM parIkSAbdhiM saMskRtaM zikSuitaM tthaa| 439

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prakAmaM sevyatAM chAtraiH saMskRtaiSA prveshikaa|| sudhiyA suhRdA samyag grantharatnamakAri yt| kaNThe kRtvA tu tat premNA sarve santu sudarzanAH / / pro. DaoN. vAcaspati upAdhyAya, saMskRta vibhAga, dillI vizvavidyAlaya, dillI -saMskRta-pravezikA saMskRta vyAkaraNa aura racanA kI advitIya pustaka hai| DaoN. rAya azvinI kumAra, prophesara, saMskRta vibhAga, magadha vizvavidyAyalaya, bodha gayA- DaoN. jaina dvArA likhita saMskRta-pravezikA ko maiM bI.e., ema.e., zAstrI tathA AcArya kakSAoM ke lie saMstuta karatA huuN| DaoN. zivabAlaka dvivedI, prAdhyApaka, DI.e.vI. kAleja, kAnapura- saMskRta-pravezikA dekhakara bar3I prasannatA huii| isameM saMskRta vyAkaraNa, anuvAda aura nibandhoM ko subodha zailI meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| DaoN. umezacandra pANDeya, rIDara, saMskRta vibhAga, gorakhapura vizvavidyAlaya, gorakhapura- saMskRta vyAkaraNa, anuvAda aura nibandha ke lie DaoN. jaina kI saMskRta-pravezikA eka Adarza pustaka hai| pro. prabhAkara zAstrI, adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga, rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya, jayapura- gambhIra viSaya ko sarala DhaMga se prastuta karane meM DaoN. jaina siddhahasta haiN| saMskRta-pravezikA, prAkRta-dIpikA, tarkasaMgraha Adi usake nidarzana haiN| pro. gopabandhu mizra kulapati, somanAtha vizvavidyAlaya, somanAtha tarkasaMgraha : eka samIkSA bhAratIya darzana kI Astika paramparA meM nyAya-vaizaSika darzana kI pramukha bhUmikA rahI hai| maharSi gautama ke nyAyasUtra se nyAyadarzana kA udgama huaa| isa para vAtsyAyana AcArya dvArA likhA gayA nyAyabhASya, udyotakara racita 'nyAyavArtika', vAcaspati mizra praNIta 'nyAyavArtika-tAtparyaTIkA' aura udayanAcArya kRta 'nyAyavArtika-tAtparyaTIkAparizuddhi' jaise grantha nyAyadarzana kI sudRDha paramparA ko darzAte haiN| yaha paramparA Age bar3hate hue eka naye utkarSa ko prApta karatI hai| yaha vaha samaya thA jaba bhAratavarSa se bauddha dharma kA samApana ho cukA thaa| aise samaya meM eka navIna vicArAdhArA vAle nyAya siddhAnta kA prAdurbhAva huA jise 'navya nyAya' kI saMjJA dI gii| nyAya darzana meM jahA~ pramANa tathA prameyAdi solaha padArthoM ke tattvajJAna se mokSa kI prApti kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai vahIM isake samAna tantra vaizeSika darzana meM dravya, guNa, karma, sAmAnya, vizeSa, samavAya evam abhAvarUpa sAta padArthoM ke sAdharmya-vaidharmya ke jJAna se (tattvajJAna dvArA) niHzreyas kI prApti kA siddhAnta vaizeSikAcArya kaNAda muni kA hai| nyAya darzana ke prArambhika jJAnahetu 'tarkabhASA' ke sadRza 'tarkasaMgraha' kA bhI vizeSa mahattva hai| tarkasaMgraha meM pramANoM kI vivecanA meM nyAya darzana aura prameyoM ke cintana meM vaizeSika darzana kA spaSTa prabhAva dRSTigocara hotA hai| annam bhaTTa viracita tarkasaMgraha kI samIkSA taba taka pUrNa nahIM ho pAtI hai jaba taka saMskRta kI 'dIpikA' TIkA ke sAtha isakA adhyayana na kara liyA jAya kintu saMskRta TIkA sarvabodhagamya na hone ke kAraNa isakI hindI TIkA kI AvazyakatA banI rahatI hai| isI ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina jI (bhUtapUrva kalA saGkAya pramukha evaM saMskRta vibhAgAdhyakSa, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI) ne tarkasaMgraha para vyAkhyA likhI hai| nyAya-vaizeSika kA Adya grantha hone para bhI isake pAribhASika zabdoM kI spaSTa vivecanA ke binA isake viSaya vidyArthiyoM ke lie jaTila hI hote haiN| pro. jaina jI ne 'bAlAnAM bodhAya' ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue tarkasaMgraha kI atyanta sarala zabdoM meM vyAkhyA kara ise subodha banA diyA hai| durUhasthaloM para dArzanika siddhAntoM ko bhI spaSTa kiyA hai| AcArya vAtsyAyana kI 'pramANairarthaparIkSaNaM nyAyaH' isa paMkti ke anusAra (pramANa aura tarka (yuktiyoM) ke dvArA kisI siddhAnta (artha) kI parIkSA karanA nyAya hai) nyAya kI isa paribhASA ko sAkAra karane meM anumAna pramANa kA Azraya lenA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| aisI sthiti meM nyAya zAstra meM anumAna pramANa kI bhUmikA mahattvapUrNa ho jAtI hai| anumAna pramANa apane svarUpa, bhedoM tathA hetvAbhAsoM kI vivecanA se atyanta kliSTa ho jAtA hai| anumAna ke durUha svarUpa kA pro. jaina jI ne saralIkaraNa karake isakI vistRta evaM spaSTa vyAkhyA prastuta kI hai| nyAya-vaizeSika darzana ke jijJAsu chAtroM ke lie 'tarkasaMgraha' kI yaha vyAkhyA atyanta 440

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upAdeya hai| mujhe pUrNa AzA aura vizvAsa hai ki tarkasaMgraha kI AcArya jaina dvArA racita hindI vyAkhyA kI lokapriyatA satat banI rhegii| vidvAnoM ke abhimata - 1. prophesara mahAprabhulAla gosvAmI, adhyakSa, darzana vibhAga, sampUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI - dIpikAnyAyabodhinyAdipUrvAcArya-vyAkhyAnagranthAnAM sAramavalambya kAcinnUtana evArthAvabodhasya vaijJAnikI-saraNiravalambitA 2. DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, nidezaka, pI.vI.insTITyUTa, vArANasI- yaha hindI vyAkhyA atyanta subodha tathA viSaya ko gaharAI ke sAtha spaSTa karatI hai| 'dIpikA' padakRtya Adi saMskRta-TIkAoM kA sAratattva gRhIta hone ke kAraNa sAmAnya pAThaka bhI isake adhyayana se nyAya jaise gambhIra viSaya ko AtmasAt kara sakatA hai| grantha meM bIca-bIca meM praznottara zailI apanAyI gaI hai tathA viSaya ko tAlikAoM dvArA bhI spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| 3. prophesara dharmendra kumAra gupta, adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga, paMjAbI vizvavidyAlaya, paTiyAlA- Apane atyanta parizrama karake isa grantha kA sarala-vizada vyAkhyAna prastuta kiyA hai| pro. umA devI jozI bhUtapUrva prophesara, saMskRta vibhAga, kAzI hindUvizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI sudarzanalAla jaina kRta vyAkhyA se sarala banI karpUramaJjarI mahAkavi rAjazekhara kRta 'karpUramaJjarI' 'saTTaka' paramparA meM racita mahAn nATyakRti hai; jisake ullekha ke binA saMskRta nATya sAhitya kI carcA pUrI nahIM hotii| prAkRta aura saMskRta ke bhASAsauSThava kI dRSTi se yaha mahanIya kRti hai| yahA~ ullekhanIya hai ki mahAkavi rAjazekhara mUlataH saMskRta ke kavi haiM jisakA pratApa unake saMskRta zlokoM meM dekhane ko milatA hai| unhoMne 'karpUramaJjarI' meM pramukha rUpa se prAkRta bhASA kA Azraya liyA hai| yaha prAkRta sAhitya (kAvya) sRjana ke kSetra meM unakA mahanIya yogadAna hai| prAkRta bhASA meM likhita unakI uktiyAM bhI vilakSaNa haiN| eka prayoga yahA~ dRSTavya hai ruveNa mukkA vi vihUsaaMti tANaM alaMkAra vaseNa sohaa| NisaggacaMgassa vi mANusasya sohA samummIlai bhuusnnehiN|| arthAt yuvatiyA~ rUpa se vihIna hokara alaMkAra dhAraNa karatI haiM, unakI sundaratA alaMkAroM ke adhIna hotI hai; kintu jo svabhAva sundara hai; unakI zobhA meM alaMkAroM se utkarSa AtA hai| mahAkavi rAjazekhara kA samaya vidvAnoM ne IsvI 885 se IsvI 975 taka ke madhya mAnA hai| karpUramaJjarI' eka 'saDaka' hai| saTTaka ke viSaya meM kavi ne svayaM likhA hai ki - so saTTao tti bhaNNai dUraM jo NADiAiM annuhrii| kiM puNa pavesaa-vikkaMbhakAI iha kevalaM nntthi|| arthAt usa dRzya kAvya kA nAma saTTaka hai jo nATikA nAmaka dRzyakAvya se milatA-julatA hai| nATikA se saTaka meM kevala yaha antara hotA hai ki sar3aka meM pravezaka aura viSkambhaka nAmaka do arthopakSepaka nahIM hote haiN| sAhityarpaNa ke racayitA zrI vizvanAtha ne saTTaka kA svarUpa isa prakAra batAyA hai - saTTakaM prAkRtAzeSapAThyaM syaadprveshkm| na ca viSkambhakopyatra pracurazcAdbhuto rsH|| aGkA javanikAkhyAH syuH syAdanyannATikA smm| unhoMne 'saTTaka' kI cAra vizeSatAeM batalAyI haiM1. sampUrNa dRzyakAvya kA prAkRta bhASA meM upnibndhn| 2. adbhuta rasa kA pracura pryog| 3. aGkoM ke sthAna para jabanikA kA pryog| 441

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4. pravezaka aura viSkambhaka kA abhaav| 'saTTaka' ke ukta lakSaNa 'karpUramaJjarI' meM vidyamAna haiN| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki 'saTTaka' ke svarUpa-nirdhArakoM ne 'karpUramaJjarI' ko AdhAra banAkara hI yaha svarUpa nirdhAraNa kiyA hai kyoMki 'karpUramaJjarI' se pUrva anya 'saTTaka' upalabdha nahIM thaa| bAda meM 'saTTaka' racayitAoM ne 'karpUramaJjarI' kA hI anukaraNa prAyaH kiyA hai| karpUramaJjarI kI kathA mahAkavi rAjazekharakRta 'karpUramaJjarI' meM cAra javanikA haiN| isakA kathAsAra isa prakAra hai - prathama javanikAntara - rAjA candrapAla, devI vibhramalekhA, vidUSaka aura parijanavarga raGgamaMca para Ate haiN| rAjA aura devI vasanta Rtu kI zobhA kA varNana karate hue eka dUsare ko badhAI dete haiN| vaitAlika bhI rAjA aura devI ko badhAI dete haiN| vidUSaka bhI apane ko vijJa batalAte hue kahatA hai-'tuma sabameM maiM hI eka 'kAlAkSarika (mUrkha yA vidvAn) huuN|' isa para vicakSaNA vyaMgya karatI hai| una donoM meM kAphI kahA sunI hotI hai| vidUSaka ke kAvya kauzala kI apekSA vicakSaNA ke kAvya kauzala kI jaba prazaMsA hotI hai to vidUSaka aprasanna hokara calA jAtA hai parantu thor3I dera bAda yogIzvara bhairavAnanda ke sAtha punaH praveza karatA hai| yogIzvara apanI zakti kA pradarzana karate hue vidUSaka ke parAmarza se vidarbha nagara kI adbhuta sundarI rAjakumArI karpUramaJjarI ko snAnAvasthA meM sabake samakSa yogabala se upasthita karatA hai| rAjA usake anupama saundarya para mugdha ho jAtA hai| karpUramaJjarI ke paricaya se jaba patA lagatA hai ki yaha devI vibhramalekhA kI mausI zaziprabhA aura mausA vallabharAja kI putrI hai to devI mauserI bahina samajhakara bahuta prasanna hotI hai| devI ke anurodha para yogIzvara karpUramaJjarI ko devI ke pAsa rahane ke lie kucha dinoM ko chor3a detA hai| sAja-sajjA karane hetu devI use antaHpura meM le jAtI hai| tabhI vaitAlika-gaNa se saMdhyAkAla kI sUcanA pAkara sabhI saMdhyAvandanA hetu cale jAte haiN| dvitIya javanikAntara- rAjA aura pratihArI kA praveza hotA hai rAjA karpUramaJjarI kI yAda meM vihvala hokara niraMtara usake rUpasaundarya kA smaraNa karatA hai| pratihArI rAjA kA dhyAna haTAnA cAhatA hai parantu asaphala rahatA hai| tabhI vidUSaka aura vicakSaNA eka sAtha upasthita hote haiN| una donoM meM dostI ho cukI hai| vicakSaNA ketakI dala para likhA karpUramaJjarI kA prema-patra rAjA ko detI hai| svayaM vicakSaNA bhI rAjA ke viyoga se dInahInA karpUramaJjarI kI virahadazA kA varNana karatI hai| isI prasaGga meM vidUSaka bhI rAjA ke viraha santApa kA udghATana karatA hai| pazcAt rAjA ke dvArA yaha pUchane para ki devI ne karpUramaJjarI ko anta:pura meM le jAkara kisa prakAra alaMkRta kiyA ? vicakSaNA usake aGga-pratyaMga ke zrRMgAra kA varNana karatI hai| vidUSaka bhI sarvAlaMkAroM se alaMkata usake sarvAMga kA varNana karatA hai parantu rAjA usake snAta saundarya ke dhyAna meM hI DUbA rahatA hai| vidUSaka rAjA kA dhyAna apanI ora AkRSTa karate hue kahatA hai-'maiMne use sarvAlaMkAroM se alaMkRta batalAyA hai aura tuma usake snAtasaundarya meM hI masta ho| alaMkAroM se alaMkRta rUpa kI ora dhyAna do|' rAjA isa bAta para kahatA hai ki svAbhAvika saundarya hI vAstavika saundarya hai| sAja sajjA se vaha saundarya Dhaka jAtA hai| kyA drAkSArasa ko zarkarA se mIThA banAyA jAtA hai? vicakSaNA rAjA kA pakSa letI hai| vicakSaNA karpUramaJjarI kI virahadazA kI ora punaH saMketa karatI hai tathA vidUSaka se samajhakara zeSa kArya pUrA karane kA Agraha karatI hai| vidUSaka rAjA ko zeSa kArya batalAte hue kahatA hai-'Aja hindolana caturthI ke dina mahArAnI gaurIpUjA ke bAda karpUramaJjarI ko jhUlA meM jhulaayeNgii| usa samaya Apa marakatakuMja meM baiThakara karpUramaJjarI ko jhUlatI huI dekheNge| pazcAt rAjA aura vidUSaka donoM kaTalIgRha meM sthita marakatakaMja se karparamaJjarI ko jhUlate hue dekhate haiN| rAjA punaH vihvala ho jAtA hai| vidUSaka ziziropacAra sAmagrI lene jAtA hai| rAste meM ziziropacAra sAmagrI hAtha meM lie hue vicakSaNA se mulAkAta hotI hai| vArtAlApa se donoM ko eka dUsare ke darzana tathA virahasantApa kA patA lagatA hai| rAjA aura karpUramaJjarI ke viraha santApa ke nivAraNa kA kAraNa jJAta hone para ziziropacAra sAmagrI ko pheMka diyA jAtA hai| yojanAnusAra rAjA marakatakuMja se tamAla vRkSa kI Ar3a se devI ke dvArA AdiSTa karpUramaJjarI ko kuravaka, tilaka aura azoka vRkSoM kA AliGganAdi ke dvArA dohada karma karate hue sAnurAga dekhatA hai| pazcAt saMdhyAkAla ho jAne para sabhI loga cale jAte haiN| tRtIya javanikAntara- rAjA aura vidUSaka kA praveza hotA hai| rAjA karpUramaJjarI ke rUpa kA cintana kara rahA hai| vidUSaka ke pUchane para rAjA svapna meM karpUramaJjarI ke milana kA udghATana karatA hai| isa para vidUSaka rAjA kA dhyAna vahA~ se haTAne ke lie kalpita pratisvapna kA varNana karatA hai| vidUSaka svapna meM dekhatA hai ki baha gaGgA jI kI dhArA meM so rahA hai aura meghoM ne use jala se sAtha nigala liyA hai; phira megha ke garbha meM sthita huA tAmraparNI nadI ke saGgama sthala samudra ke Upara pahu~catA 442

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hai| vahA~ teja varSA hone para vidUSaka bhI samudra kI muktAsIpiyoM dvArA grahaNa kara liyA jAtA hai| pazcAt vaha sundara aura bar3ebar3e 64 motiyoM ke rUpa meM bAhara nikAlA jAtA hai jise sAgaradatta seTha mola lekara hAra banavAtA hai| pazcAt pAMcAla deza ke rAjA zrI bajrAyudha ko eka karor3a mudrAoM meM vaha hAra beca detA hai| rAjA usa hAra ko rAnI ke gale meM pahinA detA hai| cA~danI rAta ko rAjA ne jaba rAnI kA AliGgana kiyA to stanoM ke madhya meM hAra ke daba jAne se vidUSaka kI nidrA TUTa jAtI hai| rAjA vidUSaka ke svapna kA tAtparya samajha jAtA hai| pazcAt donoM meM prema, yauvana aura saundarya meM alaMkAroM kI sthiti para vistRta vicAra hotA hai| isI samaya nepathya se kuraMgikA karpUramaJjarI ke virahasantApa kA varNana karatI hai| rAjA aura vidUSaka Age bar3hate haiM aura karpUramaJjarI ke pAsa pahu~ca jAte haiN| jaba karpUramaJjarI svAgatArtha uThatI hai to rAjA usakA hAtha pakar3akara rokatA hai| karpUramaJjarI ko pasIne se bhIgA dekhakara vidUSaka vastrAMcala se havA karatA hai jisase dIpaka bujha jAtA hai| aMdhakAra meM rAjA karpUramaJjarI kA hAtha pakar3e hue sparza sukha kA anubhava kara hI rahe the ki nepathya se vaitAlika candrodaya kI sUcanA detA hai| sabhI candrodaya kA varNana karate haiN| idhara devI ko rAjA aura karpUramaJjarI ke praNaya vyApAra kI sUcanA mila jAtI hai parantu devI ke Ane ke pUrva hI karpUramaJjarI suraGgadvAra se rakSA gRha meM calI jAtI hai| rAjA aura vidUSaka bhI cale jAte haiN| caturtha javanikAntara - rAjA aura vidUSaka kA praveza hotA hai| rAjA grISma Rtu meM viraha santApa se vyAkula hai| vidUSaka apane ko grISma santApa aura virahasantApa donoM se pare batalAtA hai, isa para nepathya se eka zuka vidUSaka kI coTI ukhAr3ane ko kahatA hai| vidUSaka krodhita hokara use gAliyAM detA hai jisase zuka ur3a jAtA hai| rAjA viraha santApa se pIr3ita hokara brahmA ko hI kSurI ke dvArA khaNDita karane kI bAta karatA hai| prasaGgata: grISma Rtu kaba sukhada hotI hai aura kaba duHkhada hotI hai ? isakI bhI carcA rAjA karatA hai| rAjA ke dvArA karpUramaJjarI kA hAla pUchane para vidUSaka kahatA hai ki devI ne use kar3e pahare vAle kArAgAra meM baMda kara diyA hai| suraGgadvAra bhI pattharoM se baMda kara diyA gayA hai| isI bIca devI kI sakhI sAraMgikA rAjA se devI kI ora se nivedana karatI hai-'Aja cauthe dina hone vAle vaTasAvitrI ke mahotsava ko mahArAja vimAna prAsAda para car3hakara dekheN|' rAjA vaisA hI karatA hai| mahotsava meM nRtyAMganAeM vividha prakAra ke nRtya karatI haiN| isI bIca sAraMgikA punaH praveza karake devI kA dUsarA nivedana rAjA ko sunAtI hai-'Aja sAyaMkAla tumhArA vivAha hogaa| gorI kI pratimA banavAkara yogIrAja bhairavAnanda se usameM prANapratiSThA karAI thI tathA unase svayaM dIkSA bhI lI thii| devI ne jaba yogIrAja se gurudakSiNA lene kA bahuta Agraha kiyA to yogIrAja ne guru dakSiNA meM lATa deza ke rAjA caNDasena kI putrI ghanasAramaMjarI ke sAtha rAjA kA vivAha karane ko khaa| sAtha hI yaha bhI kahA ki jo isake sAtha vivAha karegA vaha cakravartI rAjA bnegaa| devI ne ise svIkAra karake mujhe Apake pAsa sUcanArtha bhejA hai|' yathA samaya rAjA kA vivAha hotA hai| vivAhoparAnta devI ko patA calatA hai ki karpUramaJjarI kA hI dUsarA nAma ghanasAramaMjarI hai| bhairavAnanda jaba rAjA se aura priya karane ko kahatA hai taba rAjA kahatA hai ki devI prasanna haiM, tribhuvana sundarI karpUramaJjarI kA samAgama ho gayA hai aura maiM cakravartI rAjA bana gayA hU~; aba aura kyA cAhie? isake bAda bharatavAkya ke sAtha sabhI cale jAte haiN| vyAkhyA kA vaiziSTya- karpUramaJjarI kI abhinava evaM pariSkRta vyAkhyA saMskRta-prAkRta sAhitya ke pramukha adhyetA DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina, ema.e., pI-eca.DI. AcArya (sAhitya, prAkRta, jainadarzana) tatkAlIna pravaktA, saMskRta vibhAga, kalA saMkAya, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI ne kii| ve bAda meM saMskRta vibhAga ke adhyakSa bane aura unhoMne vidyArthiyoM meM saMskRta vibhAga ke prati abhiruci jagAne evaM zodhakArya kI dizA meM prazaMsanIya yogadAna diyaa| bhArata ke mahAmahima rASTrapati ne unheM unakI ullekhanIya sevAoM ke lie sammAnita kiyaa| DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina ne apane anusaMdhitsu svabhAva evaM adhyApakIya dRSTi ko dhyAna meM rakhakara karpUramaJjarI kI vyAkhyA likhI hai| mUla ke anusAra vyAkhyA karanA aura mUla ke bhAva ko surakSita rakhanA isa vyAkhyA kI vizeSatA hai| zrI vizvanAtha bhaTTAcArya ne karpUramaJjarI ke prAkkathana meM rAjazekhara ke viSaya meM likhA hai ki-ve siddhahasta kavi haiM aura sthAnasthAna para bhAvoM ke sUkSma citraNa meM ve uccakoTi kA anAyAsa sparza kara jAte haiN| saMskRta tathA prAkRta donoM meM aise aneka zloka hama pAte haiM jo kavidRSTi kI vilakSaNa sUkSmatA aura bhAvaprakAzana kI nipuNatA ke dyotaka haiN| samIkSaka prAyaH saphala kavi nahIM hote, kavi bhI sArthaka samIkSaka nahIM hote para rAjazekhara eka saphala kavi aura sArthaka samIkSaka haiMyaha smaraNIya tathya unakI advitIyatA kA sabase bar3A pramANa hai| 443

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aise kavi kI nATyakRti kI vyAkhyA bhI sarala kArya nahIM thA kintu DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina ne apane vaidRSya ke bala para yaha kArya sugama aura saphala bnaayaa| eka zikSaka ke nAte unheM apane vidyArthiyoM kI mA~ga patA thI ata: vyAkhyA karate samaya unhoMne vidyArthiyoM ke hitoM ko dhyAna meM rkhaa| DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina ne karpUramaJjarI kI vyAkhyA se pUrva isa kRti meM 46 pRSTha kI vistRta prastAvanA likhI hai jisameM kathAsAra, rAjA candrapAla, karpUramaJjarI, devI (vibhramalekhA), bhairavAnanda (yogIzvara), vidUSaka (kapiJjala brAhmaNa), vicakSaNA (dAsI)Adi pAtroM ke caritra citraNa, karpUramaJjarI meM saundarya aura prema viSayaka dRSTikoNa ke antargata prema samIkSA, saTTaka kA svarUpa, udbhava aura vikAsa, prakRti citraNa,kAvya saundarya, bhASA, kRtikAra rAjazekhara kA paricaya, unakI kRtiyAM tathA grantha yojanA para vaiduSyapUrNa prakAza DAlA hai| isase kRti kA mUlabhAva tathA kRtikAra kA vyaktitva pAThakoM tathA vidyArthiyoM ke sAmane A jAtA hai| DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina ne karpUramaJjarI kI vyAkhyA kA nAmakaraNa apanI suyogya patnI 'manoramA' ke nAma para 'manoramA' nAma diyA hai| jo 'yathA nAma tathA guNaH' kI ukti ko caritArtha karatA hai| Apane vyAkhyA likhakara kRti ko supAcya banAyA hai| isase Apake bhASA-jJAna kA bhI patA calatA hai aura vaiduSya kA bhii| TippaNI ke aMtargata vibhinna vidvAnoM ke pAribhASika vicAra, sUktiyAM, lakSaNa granthoM ke AdhAra para lakSaNa Adi tathA loka pracalita dhAraNAoM ke AdhAra para saMkSipta kathAoM kA aGkana yA sUcanA dekara viSaya ko bodhagamya banAyA hai| bhASAgata vividha rUpoM kI carcA bhI upayogI hai| kavi rAjazekhara karpUramaJjarI ke saundarya kI prazaMsA karate hue likhate haiM ki - dUre kijjau caMpaassa kaliA kajja haliddIa kiM uttatteNa a kaMcaNeNa gaNaNA kA NAma jacceNa vi| lAvaNNasya NavugaeMdumahuracchAassa tissA puro paccaggehi vi kesarasya kusumakkerehi kiM kaarnnN|| navodita candramA kI taraha madhura kAMtivAle usake lAvaNya ke samakSa campA kI kalI ko dUra karo, haldI kA bhI kyA prayojana? zuddha aura tapAe hue sone kI bhI kyA ginatI ? tAje kezara ke phUloM ke Dhera se bhI kyA prayojana ? isa para TippaNI karate hue DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina ne likhA hai ki- campA, haldI, taptasuvarNa aura tAje kezara kI apekSA karpUramaJjarI kA lAvaNya adhika camakIlA hai| ataeva campA Adi ke upamAnatva kA nirAkaraNa karane se yahA~ 'AkSepa' alaMkAra hai| prtissedhpur:sroktiraakssepH| upamA alaMkAra kI dhvani hone se alaMkAra se alaMkAra dhvani bhI hai| 'uttatteNa' ke sthAna para 'ollollAi' (ArdrayA) pATha karane para bhI vahI artha nikalegA kyoMki suvarNa tapAye jAne para Ardra (tarala) ho jAtA hai| isa taraha kavi rAjazekhara ne karpUramaJjarI ke mAdhyama se jo bhAva vyakta kiyA hai usakI rakSA karate hue DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina dvArA yaha manoramA TIkA likhanA karpUramaJjarI jaise saTTaka ko carcita banAne kI dRSTi se unakA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna sAhitya jagata ke lie mAnA jAyegA; aisA maiM mAnatA hai| vyAkhyAkAra DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina isa zramasAdhya kArya ke lie badhAI evaM sAdhuvAda ke pAtra haiN| abhimata -prophesara vizvanAtha bhaTTAcArya, adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga,kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasIvidvAn sampAdaka ne adyAvadhi upalabdha sabhI vidvAnoM kI vicAradhArA kA manthana kara navanIta ke rUpa meM apane vicAroM ko prastuta kiyA hai| prAkRta bhASA kA vizeSa adhyayana karane vAle DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina ne isa saTTaka kI jisa prakAra chAnabIna kI hai usameM kavi aura kavikRti ke bAre meM koI bhI prazna amImAMsita nahIM hai| DaoN. surendrakumAra jaina 'bhAratI' mahAmantrI, zrI a.bhA.di.jaina vidvatpariSad burahAnapura (ma.pra.) 444

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uttarAdhyayanasUtra : eka parizIlana kI samIkSA 'uttarAdhyayanasUtra : eka parizIlana' jaina dharma-darzana ke mahAmanISI tathA prAkRta bhASA ke marmajJa vidvAn prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina dvArA racita eka pustaka hai jisameM lekhaka ne uttarAdhyayana sUtra kA vizeSa adhyayana kara tathA usa para apanA vizeSa abhimata pradAna kara kRti ko aura bhI utkRSTa banA diyA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra kI gaNanA jaina AgamoM ke antargata mUlasUtroM meM kI jAtI hai| digambara paramparA meM bhI uttarAdhyayana kI gaNanA aGgabAhya granthoM meM kI jAtI hai| yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ke antima upadeza isameM saMgrahIta haiN| ardhamAgadhI prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha tathA chattIsa adhyAyoM meM vibhakta yaha grantha padya aura gadya donoM meM mizrita rUpa meM prApta hotA hai| uttarAdhyayana ke chattIsa adhyAya isa prakAra haiMvinayazruta, parISaha, caturaGgIya, asaMskRta, akAmamaraNa, kSullaka nigranthIya, elaya, kApilIya, namipravajyA, drumapatraka, bahuzruta pUjA, harikezIya, cittasambhUtIya, iSukArIya, sabhikSu, brahmacarya, samAdhisthAna, pApazramaNIya, saMjaya, mRgAputrIya, mahAnigranthIya, samudrapAlIya, rathanemIya, kezigautamIya, samitIya, yajJIya, samAcArI, khaluMkIya, mokSamArgagati, samyaktva, parAkrama, tapomArga, caraNavidhi, pramAdasthAnIya, karmaprakRti, lezyA, anagAra evaM. jiivaajiiv-vibhkti| ina sabhI adhyayanoM meM sAmAnya rUpa se sAdhu ke AcAra evaM tattvajJAna kA sarala evaM subodha zailI meM vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha kI viSayavastu itanI mahattvapUrNa hai ki isakI tulanA vaidika paramparA ke sarvamAnya grantha bhagavadgItA tathA bauddha paramparA kI jAtaka kathAoM ke sAtha kI jAtI hai| prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina ne isa grantha para pArzvanAtha vidyApITha ke zodhachAtra ke rUpa meM kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya se pI-eca.DI. upAdhi prApta kii| san 1970 meM prathama bAra yaha grantha ke rUpa meM prakAzita huaa| isakI lokapriyatA aura mahattA ke kAraNa ise punaH prakAzita karanA pdd'aa| isakI lokapriyatA ke kAraNa hI bAda meM pro. aruNa zAntilAla jozI (vyAkhyAtA zAmaNadAsa kAleja, bhAvanagara, gujarAta) ne isakA gujarAtI anuvAda kiyA jo san 2001 meM pArzvanAtha vidyApITha se prakAzita huaa| isake hindI saMskaraNa kI atyadhika mAMga ko dekhate huye prAkRta bhAratI, jayapura ke sahayoga se 2012 meM isakA puna: prakAzana pArzvanAtha vidyApITha se kiyA gyaa| uttarAdhyayanasUtra para anya jaina Agama granthoM kI apekSA vipula vyAkhyAtmaka sahitya upalabdha hai| zAnTiyara, harmana yAkobI, ema. vinTaranitja Adi pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ne isake sAhityika, dhArmika, dArzanika Adi pahaluoM ke mahattva kI ora saMketa kiyA kintu ina vidvAnoM ne uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke antaraGga viSaya kA sarvAMgINa samAlocanAtmaka adhyayana prastuta nahIM kiyA jo samAlocanAtmaka adhyayana kI dRSTi se atyanta Avazyaka aura samAjopayogI hai| prophesara sudarzana lAla jaina ne isa adhUre kArya ko pUrA kiyA aura isakI samAlocanAtmaka vyAkhyA kara isa grantha kI mahattA ko aura bhI bar3hA diyaa| prastuta prabandha meM prAstAvika sahita kula ATha prakaraNa aura cAra pariziSTa haiN| prabandha ke anta meM sahAyaka grantha-sUcI, anukramaNikA, tAlikAyeM evaM vRttacitra diye gaye haiN| antima prakaraNa meM prabandha kA parizIlanAtmaka upasaMhAra prastuta hone se grantha kA nAma 'uttarAdhyayanasUtra : eka parizIlana' rakhA gyaa| prastuta prabandha ke prAstAvika meM jaina Agama sAhitya meM uttarAdhyayana kA sthAna, viSaya-paricaya, racayitA evaM racanAkAla, nAmakaraNa kA kAraNa, bhASA zailI aura mahattva tathA TIkA sAhitya ke sAtha uttarAdhyayana ke prakAzita vividha saMskaraNoM kI sUcI dI gayI hai| viSaya kI dRSTi se prathama prakaraNa meM vizva kI bhaugolika saMracanA, dravya-lakSaNa vicAra, SaT dravya, loka racanA, sRSTi tattva Adi kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya prakaraNa meM saMsAra kI duHkharUpatA aura usake kAraNoM para vicAra karate huye sukhaduHkha kI viSamatA kA kAraNa karma siddhAnta ko mAnakara unake pramukha bheda-prabhedoM tathA bandhana-kAraNoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| tRtIya prakaraNa meM mukti mArga athavA triratna kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| jisa prakAra kisI kArya kI saphalatA ke liye, icchA, jJAna aura prayatna ina tIna bAtoM kA saMyoga Avazyaka hotA hai usI prakAra saMsAra ke du:khoM se nivRtti hetu vizvAsa, jJAna aura sadAcAra kA saMyoga Avazyaka hai jinheM kramaza: samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kahA gayA hai| caturtha prakaraNa meM sAdhuoM ke AcAra kA varNana kiyA gayA hai jisameM sAmAnya sAdhvAcAra tathA vizeSa sAdhvAcAra ina do prakAra ke AcAroM meM sAmAnya sAdhvAcAra jisameM dIkSA kI utthAnikA, bAhya upakaraNa (upadhi), mahAvrata, pravacana-mAtAyeM, Avazyaka, sAmAcArI, vasati yA upAzraya tathA AhAra Adi para vicAra kiyA gayA hai| 445

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uttarAdhyayana meM cAritra aura jJAna kI pUrNatA ke liye saMnyAsa ko Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| isa Azrama meM rahanevAle ko sAdhu yA zramaNa kahA gayA hai jisakA antima lakSya mukti hai| isa prakaraNa meM zramaNatva ko aGgIkAra karane se lekara mukti kI pAtratA taka kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| paJcama prakaraNa meM sAdhuoM ke vizeSa sAdhvAcAra kA varNana kiyA gayA hai jisameM tapazcaryA, parISaha-jaya, sAdhu-pratimAyeM tathA samAdhimaraNa para vicAra kiyA gayA hai| SaSTha prakaraNa meM sampUrNa sAdhanA ke pratiphala rUpa 'mukti' kA varNana kiyA gayA hai jisameM pramukha rUpa se jIvana-mukti aura videha-mukti kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| saptama prakaraNa meM samAja aura saMskRti kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| vastuta: koI bhI sAhitya tatkAlIna samAja kA darpaNa hotA hai| uttarAdhyayana mukhyataH dharma aura darzana kA pratipAdana karatA hai kintu isase tatkAlIna samAja aura saMskRti kA bhI prabhAva parilakSita hotA hai| antima aSTama prakaraNa meM grantha kI upayogitA kA varNana karate huye prabandha kA parizIlanAtmaka siMhAvalokana kiyA gayA hai| yaha batAyA gayA hai ki bhale hI uttarAdhyayana mumukSu ke liye jisa tattvajJAna, mukti aura mukti-patha kA ullekha karatA hai vaha vizeSa rUpa se zramaNoM ke liye hai kintu isakA yaha artha nahIM hai ki yaha kevala sAdhuoM ke liye upayogI hai kyoMki isameM sarala, sAhityika kathAtmaka zailI meM vyavahAropayogI gRhastha dharma kA bhI pratipAdana hone se yaha janasAmAnya ke liye bhI atyanta upayogI hai| isa prakAra 'uttarAdhyayanasUtra : eka parizIlana' eka mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| jisa prakAra se lekhaka ne sarala, subodhagamya bhASA zailI meM uttarAdhyayana kI viSayavastu ko eka naye kalevara meM apane parizIlana se gumphita kara prastuta kiyA hai, usake liye vaha badhAI ke pAtra haiN| maiM pro. sudarzana lAla jaina ke dIrghajIvana kI kAmanA karatA hU~ tAki isa prakAra ke kucha aura grantha prakAza meM A skeN| DaoN. zrIprakAza pANDeya saMyukta nidezaka pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI-221005 pUjA kA vaijJAnika anuzIlana : eka anupama kRti jaina gRhastha ke cha: Avazyaka kartavya batalAe gae haiM jinameM 'jinadeva-pUjA' sarvaprathama hai| jina-mandira samo zaraNa (arhanta bhagavantoM kI divyadezanA sabhA sthala) ke pratirUpa haiM jahA~ paJcakalyANakoM se pratiSThita jina-pratimAoM ke darzana hote haiN| aisI jina-pratimAoM kA darzana aura pUjana (bhaktibhAva nivedana) pratidina prAta: uThakara karaNIya hai| aisA karane se eka viziSTa UrjA vItarAga pratimA se utsarjita hokara darzanArthI/pUjArthI ke antaHkaraNa meM vItarAgabhAva jAgRta karatI hai| pUrvopArjita pApakarmoM kA kSaya hotA hai tathA mokSamArga prazasta hotA hai| prabhUta puNyakarmoM kA lAbha tathA anAyAsa binA mAMge sAMsArika abhISTa phala kA lAbha bhI hotA hai| devapUjA kA abhISTa phala prApta ho etartha AcAryapravara 108 zrI nirbhayasAgara jI ne anupama kRti kA sRjana kiyA hai jisakA nAma hai - 'pUjana kA vaijJAnika anushiiln'| isameM pUjya kauna hai? pUjaka kauna hai? pUjA kyA hai ? pUjA kA phala kyA hai, devadarzana kyA hai? yantra-mantra-vAstu, honA bIjAkSara Adi kA vaijJAnika vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha ko viSayAnusAra nava adhyAyoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| anta meM prayukta saMdarbha-grantha-sUcI bhI dI gaI hai| sikA sundara sampAdana pro. (DaoN.) sudarzana lAla jaina ne kiyA hai jo svayaM jainAgamavettA haiN| Apane isa grantha ko granthoM ke saMdarbha dekara zodhagrantha kA rUpa de diyaa| vistRta (17 pRSThIya) prastAvanA bhI likhI hai jo viSaya ko sarala aura saMkSepa vidhi se spaSTa karatI hai| yaha grantha jaina pUjA vidhi kA samyak jJAna prApta karane ke lie atyanta upayogI hai| samasta pAribhASika zabdoM, bIjAkSaroM tathA unameM nihita vaijJAnikatA ko samajhane ke lie upAdeya hai| DaoN. manoramA jaina jainadarzanAcArya, pI-eca.DI.,jaina nagara, bhopAla 446

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aparAjeya vyaktitva ke dhanI : AcArya kundakunda (kundakundAcArya kI dRSTi meM nizcaya-vyavahAra naya kA samanvaya karane vAlA Alekha 'AcArya kundakunda ke darzanoM meM nizcaya aura vyavahAra naya' jo pro. sudarzana lAla jaina kA hai isI grantha meM chapA hai, draSTavya hai) jina-adhyAtma ke pratiSThApaka AcArya kundakunda kA sthAna digambara jaina-AcArya paramparA meM sarvopari hai| do hajAra varSa pUrva se Aja taka lagAtAra digambara sAdhu apane Apako kundakundAcArya kI paramparA kA kahalAne meM gaurava kA anubhava karate A rahe haiN| __ bhagavAna mahAvIra aura gautama gaNadhara ke bAda AcArya kundakunda ko samasta digambara AcArya paramparA ke pratinidhi ke rUpa meM smaraNa kiyA jAtA rahA hai| maGgalAcaraNa ke rUpa meM pratidina bole jAne vAlA chanda mUlata: isa prakAra maGgalaM bhagavAn vIro, maGgalaM gautamo gnnii| maGgalaM kundakundAryo, jainadharmo'stu mngglm|| digambara jinamandiroM meM virAjamAna jagamaga pratyeka jinabimba (jina pratimA yA jinamUrti) para 'kundakundAmnAye' ullekha pAyA jAtA hai| paravartI granthakAroM ne Apako jisa zraddhA ke sAtha smaraNa kiyA hai, usase bhI patA calatA hai ki digambara paramparA meM ApakA sthAna bejor3a hai| ApakI mahimA batAne vAle zilAlekha bhI upalabdha haiN| katipaya mahattvapUrNa zilAlekha isa prakAra haiM - 'kundapuSpa kI prabhA dhAraNa karane vAlI jinakI kIrti dvArA dizAyeM vibhUSita huI haiM, jo cAraNoM ke cAraNa RddhidhArI mahAmuniyoM ke sundara kara-kamaloM ke bhramara haiM aura jina pavitrAtmA ne bharatakSetra meM zruta kI pratiSThA kI hai, ve vibhu kundakunda isa pRthvI para kisake dvArA bandha nahIM haiN| yatIzvara (zrI kundakunda svAmI) rajaHsthAna pRthvI-tala ko chor3akara cAra aGgula Upara gamana karate the, jisase maiM samajhatA hU~ ki ve antara va bAhya raja se atyanta aspRSTatA rakhate the (arthAt ve antaraGga meM rAgAdimala se tathA bAhya meM dhUla se aspaSTa the)| upalabdha aitihAsika lekhoM, prazasti patroM, mUrtilekhoM, paramparAgata janazrutiyoM evaM paravartI lekhakoM ke ullekhoM ke AdhAra para vidvAnoM dvArA Alor3ita jo bhI jAnakArI Aja upalabdha hai, usakA sAra isa prakAra hai - Aja se lagabhaga do hajAra varSa pUrva vikrama kI prathama zatAbdI meM koNDakundapura meM janme kundakunda akhila bhAratavarSIya khyAti ke diggaja AcArya the| Apake mAtA-pitA kauna the aura unhoMne janma ke samaya ApakA kyA nAma rakhA thA? - yaha to jJAta nahIM, para nandisaGgha meM dIkSita hone ke kAraNa dIkSita hote samaya ApakA nAma padmanandI rakhA gayA thaa| vikrama saMvat 46 meM Apa nandisaGgha ke AcArya pada para AsIna huye aura muni padmanandI se AcArya padmanandI ho gye| atyadhika sammAna ke kAraNa nAma lene meM saMkoca kI vRtti bhAratIya samAja kI apanI sAMskRtika vizeSatA rahI hai| mahApuruSoM ke gA~va ke nAmoM yA upanAmoM se sambodhita karane kI vRtti bhI isI kA pariNAma hai| kauNDakundapura ke vAsI hone se Apako bhI kauNDakundapura ke AcArya ke artha meM kauNDakundAcArya kahA jAne lagA, jo zruti-madhuratA kI dRSTi se kAlAntara meM kundakundAcArya ho gyaa| ukta nAmoM ke atirikta elAcArya, vakragrIvAcArya evaM gRddhapicchAcArya bhI Apake nAma kahe jAte haiN| isa sandarbha meM vijayanagara ke eka zilAlekha meM eka zloka pAyA jAtA hai, jo isaprakAra hai - AcAryaH kundakundAkhyo vakragrIvo mhaamuniH| elAcAryo gRddhapiccha iti tannAma pnycdhaa|| ukta sabhI nAmoM meM 'kundakundAcArya' nAma hI sarvAdhika prasiddha nAma hai| isa yuga ke antima tIrthaGkara bhagavAna mahAvIra kI acelaka paramparA meM AcArya kundakunda kA avataraNa usa samaya huA, jaba bhagavAna mahAvIra kI acelaka paramparA ko una jaise talasparzI adhyAtmavettA evaM prakhara prazAsaka AcArya 447

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kI AvazyakatA sarvAdhika thii| yaha jaina paramparA ke vibhAjana kA ArambhakAla thaa| isa samaya baratI gaI kisI bhI prakAra kI zithilatA bhagavAna mahAvIra ke mUlamArga ke lie ghAtaka siddha ho sakatI thii| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI mUla paramparA ke sarvasAmAnya sarvazreSTha AcArya hone ke nAte AcArya kundakunda ke samakSa sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa do uttaradAyitva the| eka to dvitIya zrutaskandha rUpa paramAgama (adhyAtma zAstra) ko likhita rUpa se vyavasthita karanA aura dUsarA zithilAcAra ke viruddha sazakta Andolana claanaa| donoM hI uttaradAyitvoM ko unhoMne bakhUbI nibhaayaa| prathama zrutaskandharUpa Agama kI racanA dharasenAcArya ke ziSya puSpadanta aura bhUtabalI dvArA ho rahI thii| dvitIya zrutaskandharUpa paramAgama kA kSetra khAlI thaa| muktimArga kA mUla to paramAgama hI hai| ataH usakA vyavasthita honA Avazyaka hI nahIM, anivArya thA; jise AcArya kundakunda jaise prakhara AcArya hI kara sakate the| jinAgama meM do prakAra se mUlanaya batAye gaye haiM - nizcaya-vyavahAra aura drvyaarthik-pryaayaarthik| samayasAra va niyamasAra meM nizcaya-vyavahAra kI mukhyatA se kathana karake unhoMne adhyAtma aura vastusvarUpa - donoM ko bahuta hI acchI taraha spaSTa kara diyA hai| unake sabhI mahAn grantha AgAmI granthakAroM ko Aja taka Adarza rahe haiM, mArgadarzaka rahe haiM tathA Age bhI rheNge| aSTapAhur3a meM unake prazAsaka rUpa ke darzana hote haiN| isameM unhoMne zithilAcAra ke viruddha kaThora bhASA meM isa parama satya kA udghATana kiyA hai, jisake jAne binA sAdhakoM ke bhaTaka jAne ke avasara adhika the| AdhyAtmika zAnti aura sAmAjika krAnti kA jaisA adbhuta saGgama isa aparAjeya vyaktitva meM dekhane ko milatA hai, vaisA anyatra asambhava nahIM to durlabha avazya hai| AtmA ke prati atyanta sajaga AtmonmukhI vRtti evaM zithilAcAra ke viruddha itanA ugra saGgharSa AcArya kundakunda jaise samartha AcArya ke hI vaza kI bAta thii| AtmonmukhI vRtti ke nAma para vikRtiyoM kI ora se A~kha mUMda lene vAle palAyanavAdI evaM vikRtiyoM ke viruddha jehAda cher3ane ke bahAne jagata prapaJcoM meM ulajha jAne vAle paramAdhyAtma se parAGmukha puruSa to paga-paga para mila jAveMge, para AtmArAdhanA evaM lokakalyANa meM samucita samanvaya sthApita kara, suvicArita sanmArga para svayaM calanevAle evaM jagata ko le jAnevAle samartha puruSa virale hI hote haiN| AcArya kundakunda aise hI samartha AcArya the, jo svayaM to sanmArga para cale hI, sAtha hI loka ko bhI maGgalamaya mArga para le cle| unake dvArA prazasta kiyA vaha AdhyAtmika sanmArga Aja bhI adhyAtmapremiyoM kA AdhAra hai| AcArya kundakunda ke adhyAtma evaM AcaraNa sambandhI nirdezoM kI AvazyakatA jitanI Aja hai, utanI kundakunda ke samaya meM na rahI hogI, kyoMki adhyAtma vimukhatA aura zithilAcAra jitanA Aja dekhane meM A rahA hai, utanA kundakunda ke samaya meM sambhavataH nahIM thA aura kisI bhI yuga meM nahIM rahA hogaa| ata: Aja AdhyAtmika jAgRti aura sAdhu va zrAvakoM ke nirmala AcaraNa ke lie kundakunda ke granthoM kA adhyayana gaharAI se kiyA jAnA upayogI hI nahIM, atyanta Avazyaka hai| AcArya kundakunda ke granthoM kA niyamita svAdhyAya evaM vidhivat paThana-pAThana na kevala Atmahita ke lie Avazyaka hai, apitu sAmAjika zAnti aura zramaNa saMskRti kI surakSA ke lie bhI atyanta Avazyaka hai, anyathA kucha zrAvakoM meM samAgata asadAcAra aura kucha zramaNoM meM samAgata zithilAcAra sAmAjika zAnti ko to bhaGga kara hI rahe haiM, zramaNa saMskRti kI digambara dhArA bhI chinna-bhinna hotI jA rahI hai| zraddhA aura cAritra ke isa saMkaTakAla meM AcArya kundakunda ke paJca paramAgamoM meM pravAhita jJAnagaGgA meM AkaNTha nimajjana (DubakI lagAnA) hI parama zaraNa hai| yadi hama jina-adhyAtma kI jyoti jalAye rakhanA cAhate haiM, zrAvakoM ko sadAcArI banAye rakhanA cAhate haiM, santoM ko zithilAcAra se bacAye rakhanA cAhate haiM, to hameM kundakunda ko jana-jana taka pahu~cAnA hI hogA, kevala svAdhyAya hI nahIM, use AcaraNa meM bhI lAnA hogaa| - DaoN. hukamacanda bhArilla mahAmaMtrI, ToDaramala smAraka, jayapura 448

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jina-pratimA para sUrimantra kyoM? jina-pratimA kA mahattva sAkSAt tIrthaGkara aura kaivalI bhagavantoM ke abhAva ke bAda unakI sAnnidhyatA kI pUrti ke liye jinabimba kI racanA kA upadeza hamAre paramparAcAryoM ne kiyA hai| tIrthaGkara aura kevalI bhagavAna kevalI avasthA meM svAtmalIna Ananda meM rahate huye unakI vItarAga muskAna aura vItarAga mudrA kaisI thI? tadpa pratimA kA nirmANa karanA aura usakI sthApanA naya-nikSepa se mantroccAra pUrvaka saMskAra kara guNoM kA ropaNa karanA, pazcAt pratyakSa ArAdhya ke rUpa meM sthApita kara pratimA ko pratyakSa tIrthaGkara mAnakara ArAdhanA karane kA vidhAna pUrva paramparAcAryoM dvArA pratipAdita kiyA gyaa| mantra eka aisI zakti hai jo jIva aura ajIva dravya ko prabhAvita karatI hai| isIlie tIrthaGkara bhagavAna ke dvArA divya dhvani rUpa dvAdazAMga vANI ke dazaveM aGga meM vidyAnuvAda kA bhI upadeza hai| jisameM mantra rUpa bIjAkSaroM kA nirmANa, mantra-racanA, mantra-sAdhana vidhi Adi nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| mantra ke dvArA icchita kAryoM kI sAkAratA prApta hone se vyakti kI mantra ke prati nirantara mahattA aura Adara zraddhA bar3hatI gyii| Atma-kalyANa meM bhI mantra eka aisA sAdhana hai jo sAdhaka ko sAdhya kI ora le jAtA hai tathA jo jIva ke pariNAmoM meM vizuddhi, nirmalatA, ekAgratA aura karma-nirjarA meM sahakArI banatA hai| jaina-pratimA kI nirmANa vidhi pratimA vijJAna meM pratimA nirmANa ke aneka rUpoM kA pratipAdana hai| unake mApa aura AkRtiyoM meM bhI vibhinnatAyeM haiM, jaise Arta-rUpa, raudra-rUpa, vIra-rUpa, hAsya-rUpa, saumya vItarAga rUpa dhyAna mudraa| inameM jaina-pratimA vijJAna kA pRthaka evaM usake mApa ke nirmANa kA pRthak svarUpa hai| rUpa vItarAga ho, dhyAna mudrA ho, vItarAga muskAna ho (vItarAga muskAna kI eka vilakSaNatA nirmita hai) AcAryoM ne jaina-pratimA ke viSaya meM likhA hai- sarala, lambA, suMdara saMsthAna yukta taruNa avasthAdhArI nagna yathAjAta mudrAdhArI zrI vatsa lakSaNa bhUSita hRdayavAlA jAnuparyaMta lambI bhujA sahita 108 bhAga pramANa jinendra bimba, kA~kha mukha dAr3I ke keza rahita banAne kA ullekha hai| zreSTha dhAtu yA pASANa kI pratimA ko banAne kA ullekha haiN| jisa pramANa meM jina bimba kA nirmANa karanA ho usa pramANa kAgaja meM bIca se mor3akara arddha rekhA kreN| usameM 108 bhAga pramANa rekhAe~ kreN| usameM 2 bhAga pramANa mukha, 4 bhAga pramANa grIvA, usase 12 bhAga pramANa hRdaya, hRdaya se nAbhi taka 12 bhAga pramANa, nAbhi se liGga ke mUla bhAga paryanta 12 bhAga pramANa, liGga ke mUla bhAga se gor3A (ghuTanA) taka 24 bhAga pramANa jAMgha kreN| jAMgha ke aMta meM 4 bhAga pramANa goMDA kare, goMDA se TikUnyA 24 bhAga pramANa pIDI banAe~, TikUnyA (paMjA kI gA~Tha) se pAdamUla paryanta 4 bhAga paryanta er3I kreN| isa prakAra 108 bhAgoM meM sampUrNa zarIra kI racanA 9 vibhAgoM meM bnaayeN| yaha vibhAga mastaka ke kezoM se lekara caraNatala paryanta haiN| mastaka ke Upara golAI keza se yukta zobhanIka kreN| caraNatala ke nIce Asana rUpa caukI banAnA caahiye| sAmAnya jIva tathA jina pratimA kA saMskAra aura usakA prabhAva jinendra -pratimA ko mantroccAra pUrvaka sAvidhi saMskAra karane se acetana dravya bhI itanA prabhAvI aura sAtizaya bana jAtA hai ki jisakI sAnnidhyatA se jIva dravya apanA upakAra karane meM pUrNa sakSama ho jAtA hai| pratimA darzana se svAtmapariNAmoM meM vizuddhi evaM saMsAra kI asAratA kA bodha jIva ko hotA hai, isI hetu kI sAkAratA ke liye tIrthaGkara ke kAla meM bhI pUrvavartI tIrthaGkaroM kI pratikRti rUpa pratimAyeM nirmita kara mantroccAra pUrvaka unakA saMskAra kiyA jAtA rahA hai| vAstu sarvekSaNa se prApta pratIka isake pratyakSa udAharaNa haiN| prAyaH dekhA gayA hai ki vyakti ke jIvana kI zubha aura azubha pravRttiyA~ usake saMskAroM ke adhIna haiN| jinameM se kucha vaha pUrvabhava se apane sAtha lAtA hai aura kucha isI bhava meM saGgati aura zikSA Adi ke prabhAva se utpanna karatA hai| isIliye garbha meM Ane ke pUrva se hI bAlaka meM vizuddhi saMskAra utpanna karane ke lie saMskAra kriyA kA bhI vidhAna batAyA gayA hai| garbhAvataraNa se lekara nirvANa-paryanta yathAvasara zrAvaka ko jinendra pUjana evaM mantra saMskAra sahita 53 prakAra kI kriyAoM kA varNana zAstroM meM pratipAdita hai| ina kriyAoM kI sampannatA se bAlaka ke saMskAra uttarottara vizuddha hote hue arhata dazA taka pahu~cakara nirvANa-sampatti prApta karane kI pAtratA pA letA hai| siddhivinazcaya grantha ke prathama adhyAya meM 449

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likhA hai -'vastusvabhAvo'yaM yat saMskAra: smRtibIjamAdadhIta' arthAt vastu kA svabhAva hI saMskAra hai jise smRti kA bIja mAnA gayA hai| paJcAstikAya grantha kI tAtparya vRtti meM pRSTha 251 para likhA hai ki nija parama AtmA meM zuddha saMskAra karatA hai vaha AtmasaMskAra hai| Atma-saMskAra hI jIva kI karma-zrRMkhalA ko nirmUla karane meM sAdhaka hai aura yahI usakI caramopalabdhi hai| zrI baTTakera acArya praNIta mUlAcAra grantha meM pRSTha 286 para likhA hai ki paThita jJAna ke saMskAra jIva ke sAtha jAte haiN| vinaya se par3hA huA zAstra kisI samaya prabhAva se vismRta ho jAye to bhI vaha anya janma meM smaraNa ho jAtA hai| saMskAra rahatA hai aura krama se kevalajJAna ko prApta karAtA hai| ata: jIva ke kalyANa meM saMskAra kA hI sarvopari mahattva hai| dhavalA grantha pustaka 7 khaNDa 4 pRSTha 82 meM bhagavaMta puSpadanta bhUtavalI svAmI ne likhA hai ki cAra prakAra kI prajJAoM meM janmAntara meM cAra prakAra kI nirmala buddhi ke bala se vinaya pUrvaka 12 aGgoM kA avadhAraNa karake devoM meM utpanna hokara pazcAt avinaSTa saMskAra ke sAtha manuSya meM utpanna hone para isa bhava meM par3hane sunane va pUMchane Adi ke vyApAra se rahita jIva kI prajJA autpAttikI kahalAtI hai| tattvArthasAra grantha meM jIvAdhikAra pRSTha 45 meM dhavalA kI uparyukta varNita kathanI kI puSTi karate hue AcArya bhagavana likhate haiM ki narakAdi bhavoM meM jahA~ upadeza kA abhAva hai vahA~ pUrva bhava meM dhAraNa kie hue tattvArtha jJAna ke saMskAra ke bala se samyagdarzana kI prApti hotI hai| isI prakAra AcAryakalpa ToDaramala jI mokSamArga prakAzaka grantha ke pRSTha 283 para likhate haiM ki isa bhava meM abhyAsa kara agalI paryAya tiryaJca Adi meM bhI jAya to vahA~ saMskAra ke bala se deva zAstra guru ke binA bhI samyaktva ho jaay| 'svAdhyAya eva tapaH' kI bAta pUrva se hI hamAre Agama AcAryoM evaM bhavyoM ko sambodhate Ae haiN| svAdhyAya kA saMskAra kevalajJAna hone taka sahakArI hotA hai| loka meM jIva ke Atmara hita meM yaha sarvopari hai| dravyasaMgraha grantha kI TIkA meM pRSTha 159/160 para likhA hai ki samyagdRSTi zuddhAtma bhAvanA bhAne meM asamartha hotA hai taba vaha parama bhakti karatA hai pazcAt videhoM meM jAkara samavazaraNa ko dekhatA hai| pUrva janma meM bhAvita viziSTa bhedajJAna ke saMskAra ke bala se moha nahIM karatA aura dIkSA dhAraNa kara mokSa pAtA hai| jainAgama granthoM meM varNita ina prasaGgoM se spaSTa hai ki manuSya bhava ke samyak saMskAra evaM svAdhyAya use mokSa taka pahu~cAne meM pUrNa sahakArI haiN| yaha kathana jIva dravya ke saMskAroM kA hai| pratimA pratiSThA nirdezaka grantha paJcasaMgraha grantha meM dharaNI, dhAraNA, sthApanA, koSThA, pratiSThA ina sabhI ko ekArtha vAcI kahA gayA hai jinameM vinAza binA padArtha pratiSThita rahate haiM vaha buddhi pratiSThA hai| pratimA-pratiSThA kA vidhAna sarva prathama AcArya nemicanda deva ne apane pratiSThAtilaka nAmaka grantha meM kiyA hai| AcArya nemicandra deva ke guru AcArya abhayacandra aura AcArya vijayakIrti the, inake pratiSThA tilaka grantha kA pracAra dakSiNa bhArata meM vyApakatA ke sAtha hai| yaha grantha vikrama saMvat 950 se 1020 ke madhya racA gayA hai| vikrama samvat daza meM hI AcArya nemicandradeva ke ziSya AcArya basunandi hue inhoMne prAkRta bhASA meM upAsakAdhyayana zrAvakAcAra nAma ke grantha kI racanA kI usI ke antargata pratiSThA vidhAna kA varNana saMkSipta rUpa meM saMskRta bhASA meM kiyA jo mahattvapUrNa hai| pazcAt AcArya indranandi mahArAja ne vikramasaMmvat 10/11 vIM zatAbdI meM apane pratiSThA grantha meM pratimA pratiSThA, vedI pratiSThA aura zuddhi vidhAna kA varNana kiyA hai| lagabhaga isI samaya samvat 1042-1053 meM AcArya zrI vasuvindu aparanAma jayasenAcArya jI ne eka svataMtra pratiSThA grantha kI racanA kI, jisameM 926 zloka haiN| pratimA pratiSThA kA yaha pramANika grantha mAnA jAtA hai| zrI jayasena svAmI bhagavanta kundakundAcArya ke ziSya the| kahA jAtA hai ki isa pratiSThA grantha kI racanA mAtra 2 dina meM hI kI thii| isa pratiSThA grantha kA pracAra uttara bhArata meM hai| vi.saM. 1292-1333 ke madhya AcArya brahmadeva hue inhoMne pratiSThA tilaka nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI jo zuddha saMskRta bhASA meM hai| aura pratimA pratiSThA kA eka viziSTa hadayagrAhI varNana isameM likhA hai| isI samaya vi. samvat / / 73-1243 meM AcArya kalpa paM. AzAdhara jI kA praNIta pratiSThA-sAroddhAra grantha prakAza meM aayaa| samaya aura kAla kI paristhitiyoM ke anusAra isa pratiSThA grantha meM aneka devI-devatAoM kI upAsanA kA prasaGga AyA hai| isI samaya vi.saM. 1200 meM narendra skesvArNayahoMnevisiSThAdIpukaha nAjanasahitAkIvasA kI yaha juyusena AcArya ke vaMzaja the| prastuta grantha meM mAtra 35AyAmekamAnasiMvilicchiAmAko vizciAkSamaSTaya abila pratimAsAravAna kiyA hai| grantha meM sthApya, sthApaka aura sthAnAdhAyA kumudacadaidrAcAyakedvAsanamAtaAcAryavisjikalaMkI ghaTAekacchi jiteiSTA 450

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kalpa grantha evaM rAjakIrti bhaTTAraka praNIta pratiSThAdarza grantha bhI dekhane meM Ae jo saMkSipta aura sAmAnyataH pratiSThA prakaraNa kI sAkAratA meM likhita paramparAgata nirdezoM se yukta haiN| ina varNita sabhI AcAryoM ne pratimA aura usakI racanA saMskAra zaddhi ke jo nirdeza mantra aura ArAdhana vidhiyA~ varNita kI haiM, unase pratimA-pratiSThA kI paryApta jAnakArI prApta ho jAtI hai| jina-pratimA kaisI ho - pratimA-pratiSThA ke lie Avazyaka hai ki pratimA sarvAMga sundara aura zuddha honA caahie| zuddha se tAtparya yadi pASANa kI pratimA hai to eka hI patthara meM jisameM kahIM jor3a na ho, patthara meM caTaka, darAja, bhadaraGgatA, dAgadhabbe na hoN| sAtha hI vItarAga mudrA meM svAtma sukha kI jo muskAna hotI hai usakI jhalaka mukha-mudrA para honA Avazyaka hai| isI ko vItarAga-muskAna kahate haiN| muskAna ke do rUpa hote haiM eka indriya janya sukha meM jo muskAna AtI hai usameM oMThoM kA phailanA khulanA yA Upara uThanA hotA hai| lekina Atmopalabdhi yA AtmaguNoM ke abhyudaya meM jo antara meM Atma-Ananda kI anubhUti hotI hai usakI AbhA samagra mukhamaNDala para vyApta hotI hai| aisI mukhamudrA ke sAtha pratimA kI do avasthAe~ hotI haiN| prathama padmAsana aura dUsarI khddgaasn| Upara varNita nApa anusAra nirmita pratimA kI pratiSThA karanA caahie| jina-pratimA kI saMskAra zuddhi pratimA kI pratiSThA tathA saMskAra zuddhi ke lie use nirmita vedI ke IzAna koNa meM sthApita karanA caahie| tadanantara cha: prakAra kI zuddhi kA vidhAna hamAre AcAryoM ne pratipAdita kiyA hai use savidhi sampanna karanA caahie| 1. Akara prokSaNa vidhi- saubhAgyavatI striyoM dvArA tIrtha miTTI se pratimA para lepa krnaa| 2. zuddhi prokSaNa vidhi- sarvoSadhiyoM tathA sugaMdhita dravyoM se yukta jala se pratimA ko zuddha krnaa| 3. guNAropaNa vidhi- tIrthaGkara ke guNoM kA saMkalpa pUrvaka AropaNa krnaa| 4. mantra nyAsa- pratimA ke vibhinna aGgoM para caMdana kezara se bIjAkSaroM kA likhnaa| AcAryoM ne pandraha sthAnoM para bIjAkSara likhane kA nirdeza kiyA hai lekina paM. AzAdhara jI ne pratimA meM 40 sthAnoM para varNa bIjAkSaroM ke likhane kA ullekha kiyA 5. mukhapaTTa vidhi- pratimA ke mukha ko vastra se ddhknaa| 6. mantroccAra vidhi- kaMkaNa-baMdhana, kANDaka-sthApana, naivedya, dIpa, dhUpa, phala, yava, paJcavarNa, izu, valivartikA, svarNakalaza, puSpAMjali, mukhoddhATana, netronmIlana kI kriyA mantroccAra pUrvaka karane kA vidhAna diyA gayA hai| isake bAda paJcakalyANaka ropaNa kI kriyA ko sampanna karate hue kanvayAdi kI sapta kriyAe~ karane ke bAda kevalajJAna pragaTa hotA hai| garbhAdhAna Adi 16 kriyAoM ke saMskAra ke lie pratyeka vidhi meM pRthak pRthak yaMtrAbhiSeka pUjana evaM tadrUpa vividha mantra pAThoM kA jApa pratimA ke samakSa Avazyaka hai| dIkSA saMskAra ke pUrva dIkSAnvaya kI 48 kriyAe~ pratimA meM saMskArita karanA caahie| sUrimantra vidhAna tathA tatsambandhI jijJAsAeM pratimA meM sUri mantra dene kA vidhAna pUrvAcAryoM dvArA praNIta pratiSThA granthoM meM kahIM bhI nahIM diyA hai| sUri mantra kyA hai? kaisA hai? pratimA meM kaise sUrimantra denA caahie| isakA kyA vidhi-vidhAna hai? aisI jAnakArI kisI pUrvAcArya praNIta grantha meM dekhane meM nahIM aaii| dakSiNa bhArata meM to Aja bhI pratimA meM sUri mantra dene kI paramparA nahIM hai| sUri-mantra dene ke kA prathama saMketa vi.saM. 1042-1053 meM AcArya jayasena ne apane pratiSThA grantha meM diyA hai| atha sUri mantra' aisA likhakara Age jo mantra likhA hai vaha yaha hai - OM hrIM Namo arihaMtANaM, Namo siddhANaM, Namo AirIyANaM, Namo uvajjhAyANaM, Namo loe savvasAhUNaM, cattAri maGgalaM, arihaMtA maGgalaM, siddhA maGgalaM, sAhU maGgalaM, kevalipaNNatto dhammo mngglN| cattAri loguttamA, arihaMtA loguttamA, siddhA loguttamA, sAhU loguttamA, kevali paNNatto dhammo loguttamo cattAri zaraNaM pavvajjAmi, arihaMte zaraNaM pavvajjAmi, siddhe zaraNaM pavvajjAmi sAhU zaraNaM pavvajjAmi, kevali paNNattaM dhammaM zaraNaM pavvajjAmi, kroM hrIM svAhA / / / brahmacArI zItalaprasAda jI ne apane saMgraha-pratiSThAsAra meM yahI sUrimantra diyA hai| paM. gulAbacaMda jI ne apane pratiSThA-saMgraha grantha pratiSThA-ratnAkara meM paM.mannUlAla pratiSThAcArya kI DAyarI se saMgRhIta kara likhA lekina vaha bra. zItalaprasAda kI yathAvata nakala hai| 451

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AcArya jayasena ke pUrva evaM paravartI AcAryoM ne kahIM bhI kisI prakAra ke sUrimantra kA ullekha apane granthoM meM nahIM kiyaa| prANa-pratiSThA mantra bhI paravartI vidvAnoM ne apane saMgRhIta granthoM meM jo sUrimantra likhe haiM ve vibhinna prakAra ke haiM jaise, pratiSThAdarpaNa meM gaNadharAcArya zrI kunthasAgarajI ne likhA- 'OM hrIM yUM hU~ suMsaH krauM hrIM aiM aha~ nmH'| paM. nAthUlAla jI ne pratiSThA pradIpa grantha meM likhA hai -OM hvA~ hrIM hU~ hrIM hra: a si A usA arha OM hrIM samlyU~ mayU~ jamlyU~ tmlyU~ lmlyU~ mlyU~ phlyU~ mlyU~ bhavyU~ kSlyU~ kmlayU~ hU~ hrA~ Namo arihaMtANaM OM hrI Namo siddhANaM OM hU~ Namo AirIyANaM OM hrauM Namo uvajjhAyANaM OM hraH Namo loe savvasAhUNaM anAhata-parAkramAste bhavatu te bhavatu te bhavatu hrIM nmH| 'pratiSThA caMdrikA' meM paM. zivarAjajI pAThaka ne likhA hai-OM hrIM aiM zrIM bhU OM bhuvaH OM svaH OM mAH OM hrAH OM janaH tatsavihuvare eyaM garbho devAya dhI mahIdhi yoni asiA usA Namo arihaMtANaM anAhata-parAkramaste bhavatu te bhavatu / yahI pratiSThAcArya zrI sorayA jI ne apane pratiSThA divAkara' grantha meM likhA hai| ___ AcAryakalpa paM. AzAdharajI ne apane pratiSThA sAroddhAra grantha meM sUri mantra kA nirdeza to nahIM kiyA lekina kevalajJAna hone para nimnAMkita mantra pATha kA nirdeza diyA OM kevalaNANadivAyara kiraNa kalA vappaNAsi ynnnnaanno| Nava kevala laddhAgama sujaNiya paramaparA vveso| asahAyaNANa daMsaNasahio idi kevalI hu joenn| juttotti sajogijiNo aNAiNi haNArise utto| ityeSo rhatsAkSad trAva tIrNo vizvaM pAtviti svaahaa| isake alAvA hamAre pAsa 6 prakAra ke saGgahIta pratiSThA grantha haiM unameM bra. zItalaprasAda jI aura puSpajI ne to AcArya jayasena kA hI mantra saMgRhIta kiyaa| bAkI paM. zivarAjajI pAThaka ke pratiSThA caMdrikA gaNadharAcArya zrI kunthasAgara ke saMgRhIta pratiSThA vidhi darpaNa evaM paM. nAthUlAlajI zAstrI ke pratiSThA pradIpa evaM zrI soMgyA jI ke pratiSThA divAkara' saMgraha granthoM meM pRthaka-pRthaka sUrimantra die haiN| unhoMne aise kisI bhI grantha kA nirdeza nahIM diyA ki yaha sUrimantra unhoMne kahA~ se saMgRhIta kiyA hai| maiMne AcArya zrI vimalasAgara jI se sUrimantra prApta hone kA nirdeza diyA hai| gaNadharAcArya zrI kunthasAgarajI dvArA saMgRhIta pratiSThA grantha 'pratiSThA-vidhi-darpaNa' meM dvitIya khaNDa pRSTha 292 para likhA hai ki guru paramparA se prApta AcAryoM ne sUri mantra ko gopya rakhA isalie zAstroM meM varNana nahIM miltaa| sUrimantra dene ke saMdarbha meM gaNadharAcArya jI ne digambara muni mahAvratI dvArA hI sUri mantra dene kI bAta likhI hai| 'digambara hokara pratiSThAcArya ko sUrimantra nahIM denA' aisA spaSTa ullekha kiyaa| maiM nahIM kaha sakatA yaha nirdeza unhoMne kahA~ se prApta kiyaa| paJca kalyANakoM ke samasta saMskAra pratiSThAcArya kareM aura phira jahA~ muni sambhava na ho vahA~ phira pratiSThAcArya sUri mantra de yA na de isakA samAdhAna nahIM diyA, digambara hokara pratimA saMskAra karanA alaga bAta hai aura digambara hokara mahAvrata dhAraNa karanA agala bAta hai| pratiSThA-pradIpa saMgRhIta pratiSThA grantha meM paM. nAthUlAlajI zAstrI ne grantha meM dvitIya bhAga pRSTha 185 para likhA hai ki sUrimantra kA 108 bAra jApa pratiSThAcArya kreN| pazcAt usI mantra ko muni se pratimA meM dilAne kA nirdeza diyA hai| pratiSThA caMdrikA saMgRhIta grantha ke pRSTha 236 para paM. zrI zivarAmajI pAThaka likhate haiM ki muni brahmacArI ke abhAva meM svayaM nagna hokara pratiSThAcArya 108 bAra jApa karake samasta pratimAoM ko maMtrita kre| yadyapi maiMne jIvana meM anekoM bAra mahAvratI munirAjoM ke abhAva meM pratimAoM ko digambara hokara sUrimantra die haiM mujhe nahIM lagatA ki yaha galata hai| kyoMki sUrimantra kA pATha aMtaraGga bahiraGga parigraha kA kucha samaya ke lie tyAga kara mUrti kA saMskAra kiyA gayA hai| sUri mantra denA bhI eka saMskAra kI hI kriyA hai| mere dekhane meM yaha nahIM AyA ki kisI Agama meM AcArya ne aisA kahIM ullekha kiyA ho ki sUrimantra kisa vidhi se kauna, kaise de| agara paramparAgata sUrimantra pratimA meM dene kI bAta AI hai to merI dRSTi meM bhI yaha acchI paramparA hai ki sampUrNa saMskAroM ke bAda pratimA meM eka nirgrantha sUrimantra deN| isase do lAbha haiM eka to nigrantha jina pratimA kI tIrthaGkara jaisI sampUrNa pAtratA ke lie sUrimantra se AbhASita krnaa| dUsare mahAvratAcaraNa jaisA mahAmAgI pUjyazAlI vyakti hI mahAvratAcaraNa kI aMtima zreNI meM avasthita hone kI pAtratA kA saMskAra de| isa dRSTi se bhI sArthaka hai| lekina mahAvratI ke abhAva meM pratiSThAcArya usako saMskArita kareM! isameM merI dRSTi meM kahIM doSa nahIM hai| zreSThatA aura pUjyatA kI dRSTi se mahAvratI sUrimaMtra deveM, yaha ucita hai| isa lekha ke lekhana meM nimna granthoM kA AloDana kiyA gayA hai - pratiSThAtilaka (AcArya nemicaMdra jI), pratiSThA pATha (AcArya jayasena jI, vasuvindu), pratiSThA dIpaka (AcArya narendra sena jI), pratiSThA pATha (AcArya vasunaMdi jI), pratiSThA-sAroddhAra (AcArya kalpa paM. AzAdhara jI), jinendra-kalyANAbhyudaya 452

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(AcArya hastimalla jI), pratiSThAkalpa -(AcArya mAghanaMdi jI), jinasaMhitA (zrI kumudacandrAcAryajI), pratiSTA-sAroddhAra ( zrI brahmasUri jI), pratiSThA- kalpa (zrI akalaMka bhaTTAraka), pratiSThAdarza-(zrI rAjakIrti bhaTTAraka), pratiSThA pATha - (AcArya indranandi jI), siddhAntavinaizcaya (bhAratIya jJAna pITha prakAzana ), pratiSThAsAra saGgaha (bra. sItalaprasAdajI), mUlAcAra (bhAratIya jJAnapITha) prakAzana), pratiSThA- candrikA (zrI zivarAma pAThakajI), paJcAlikA (paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala) mumbaI, pratiSThA vidhi darpaNa (zrI A. kunthasAgarajI), SaTkhaNDAgama (amarAvatI meM prakAzana), pratiSThA pradIpa (zrI nAthUlAla jI), tattvArthasAra - (jaina siddhAnta prakAzaka saMsthA,kalakattA), pratiSThA ratnAkara (zrI gulAbacaMda jI), 1. dravya saGgaha TIkA ( vItarAgavANI TrasTa, TIkamagar3ha), pratiSThA divAkara (zrI vimalakumAra sorayA), mokSamArga-prakAzaka (vItarAgavANI TrasTa TIkamagar3ha) pratiSThAcArya paM. vimalakumAra jaina sorayA ema. e. (dvaya) zAstrI - pradhAna sampAdaka-vItarAgavANI, mAsika, TIkamagar3ha (ma.pra.) jaina Agama ke Aloka meM pUjana vidhAna prastAvanA- jinendra deva kI pUjA-paramparA bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI ke nirvANa ke bAda se maukhika (kaThagata) rUpa meM pracalita rahI hai| sarvaprathama pAMcavI zatAbdI meM pa.pU. AcArya zrI pUjyapAda svAmI kA jainAbhiSeka prApta hotA hai| nauvIM zatAbdI meM AcArya zrI nayanandI svAmI kA sakala vidhi vidhAna evaM 10-11vIM zatAbdI meM AcArya abhayanandI svAmI kA zAnticakra pUjA, AcArya zrI malliSeNa kA bajrapaMjara vidhAna tathA AcArya kalpa zrI AzAdhara jI kA jina-yajJa kalpa dekhane ko milaa| bArahavIM sadI meM AcArya zrI padmanandI jI kA devapUjA evaM pArzvanAtha vidhAna tathA 14 vIM zadI meM AcArya zrI zrutasAgara jI kA siddhacakrASTaka evaM zrutaskandha pUjA mahAbhiSeka Adi grantha haiN| isake bAda vidvAnoM ne hindI padyAntara pUjA granthoM kA nirmANa kiyA hai| ina sabhI ke AdhAra para tathA Agama ke saiddhAntika granthoM ke pariprekSa meM jo dekhA hai usake AdhAra para isa Alekha ko prastuta kara rahA huuN| aneka paurANika granthoM tathA pratiSThA granthoM ke AdhAra para hI arhat ke pAdamUla meM bhakti pUjA-vidhAna karanA upAdeya hai| pUjA kA hetu- rAga pracura hone ke kAraNa gRhasthoM ke lie jinendra kI pUjA karanA pradhAna aura prathama karttavya hai| isameM paJca parameSThI kI pratimAoM kA Azraya hotA hai| parantu svayaM ke pariNAmoM kI pradhAnatA hai jisake kAraNa pUjaka ke dvArA pUjya ke prati kI gaI bhakti se asaMkhyAta-guNI karma kI nirjarA hotI rahatI hai| nitya - naimittaka bheda se pUjA aneka prakAra kI hai| vAdya, gAna-nRtya ke dvArA kI gaI pUjA pracura phaladAyI hotI hai| yAga, yajJa, Rtu, pUjA, ijyA, adhvara, yaha saba pUjA ke hI paryAyavAcI zabda hai| ataH pUjA-vidhAna Agamokta vidhi se yukta hokara karanA caahie| Atmahita meM pUjA kI AvazyakatA - devapUjA gurUpAsti svAdhyAyaH sNymstpH| dAJceti gRhasthANAM SaT karmANi dine dine|| (A.samantabhadra) zrAvaka ke dainika SaT karttavyoM meM sarvaprathama karttavya bhagavAna jinendradeva kI pUjA karanA hai| bhAvoM kI pradhAnatA ke kAraNa pUjaka kI asaMkhyAta guNI pApa karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai aura asaMkhyAta guNA zubha karmoM kA Azrava hotA hai| jaina Agama meM bhagavAna jinendra deva ke sAtha nirgrantha guru aura jinavANI kI pUjA kA bhI vidhAna hai| zrAvaka ke SaT karttavyoM meM deva pUjA ko prathama karttavya ke rUpa meM hamAre paramparAcAryoM ne nihita kiyA hai| jinendra bhakti se hama azubha se bacakara zubha meM pravRtta hote haiN| zubha se hI zukla kI ora bar3hA jAtA hai| azubha se zukla kI ora nahIM bddh'te| ata: jinendra deva kI pUjA paramparA se mokSa kA kAraNa kahI gaI hai| muni ho yA zrAvaka donoM ko jinendra bhagavAna kI pUjana karane kA vidhAna hai| munirAjoM ko bhAva pUjA karane kI AjJA hai jabaki zrAvakoM ko dravya pUjA karane kA hI vidhAna hai| manuSya jIvana kI sArthakatA jinendra bhakti hI hai| isIlie pUrvAcAryoM ne ise pradhAnatA pradAna kI hai| pUjA ke prakAra zrAvaka aura muni kI apekSA se pUjA dravya aura bhAva se do prakAra kI kahI gaI hai| zrI jinasena svAmI ne 453

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AdipurANa meM dravya pUjA ke cAra prakAra kahe haiM - 1. sadArcanA (nityamaha)- pratidina apane ghara se gandha, puSpa, akSata, phala Adi le jAkara jinAlaya meM zrI jinendra deva kI pUjA karanA sadArcana hai| bhaktipUrvaka arhatadeva kI pratimA aura maMdira kA nirmANa karanA, dAna-patra para kheta khalihAna bhavana Adi zrI jina maMdira kI vyavasthA hetu denA bhI sadArcana hI hai| 2. caturmukha (sarvatobhadra)- mukuTabaddha rAjAoM ke dvArA jo mahAyajJa kiyA jAtA hai vaha caturmukha yajJa kahalAtA hai| 3. kalpadruma- cakravarti ke dvArA kimicchika dAna dete hue jo pUjA kI jAtI hai vaha kalpadruma hai| isameM tIrthaGkara ke samavazaraNa kI racanA kara usake pArzva meM vidhivat tIrthaGkara kI pUjA kI jAtI hai| 4. ASTAhnika- aSTAhnikA parva meM jo pUjA kI jAtI hai vaha aSTAhnika pUjA hai| isameM sabhI zrAvaka aSTAhnika parva meM vizeSa ArAdhanA karate haiN| isake sivAya indra ke dvArA jo mahAyajJa kiyA jAtA hai vaha 'indradhvaja' vidhAna hai| isake alAvA jo anya prakAra kI pUjAaiM haiM ve inhIM bhedoM meM arntabhUta haiN| dhavalA pustaka 8 khaNDa 3 meM likhA hai ki aSTadravya se apanI bhakti prakAzita karane kA nAma pUjA hai| vasunandI zrAvakAcAra meM likhA hai ki jinendra pUjana ke samaya jina bhagavAna ke Age jaladhArA chor3ane se pAparUpI maila kA saMzodhana ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra eka eka dravya ke arpaNa se aneka aneka saubhAgyoM kA prApta karanA kahA hai| pUjA ke bheda- zrI somadeva AcArya ne chaha prakAra se pUjA karane kA nirdeza diyA hai1. prastAvanA-jinendra deva kA guNAnuvAda karate hue jinendra pratimA para jala ke dvArA abhiSeka vidhi sampanna karanA prastAvanA hai| 2. purAkarma-jisa pAtra meM abhiSeka ke lie pratimA sthApita kI jAtI hai usake cAroM konoM para cAra jalapUrNa kalaza sthApita karanA purAkarma hai| 3. sthApanA- abhiSeka ke lie jina pratimA ko thAlI meM sthApita karanA sthApanA hai| 4. sannidhApana- bhagavAna jinendra kI pratimA kA abhiSeka karane ke lie taiyAra ho jaanaa| 5. pUjA- abhiSeka ke bAda jina-padhi sampanna krnaa| 6. pUjAphala- samasta jIvoM ke kalyANa kI bhAvanA karanA pUjAphala hai| AcArya zrI vasunandI svAmI ne vasunandI zrAvakAcAra meM bhagavAna jinendradeva kI pUjA ke chaha bheda kahe haiM1. nAma- arihaMta Adi kA nAma uccAraNa karake vizuddha pradeza meM jo puSpa kSepaNa kie jAte haiM use nAma pUjA jaannaa| 2. sthApanA- AkAra Adi meM yA AkAravAna vastuoM meM arihaMtAdi ke guNoM kA AropaNa karanA bhAva pUjA sthApanA hai| tathA akSata Adi meM amuka devatA hai aisA saMkalpa kara uccAraNa karanA asadbhAva pUjA sthApanA hai| huNDApasarpiNI kAla meM asadbhAva sthApanA pUjA nahIM karanA cAhie kyoMki kuliGgamatiyoM se mohita isa loka meM sandeha ho sakatA hai| 3. dravyapUjA- jala Adi dravyoM se pratimA kI jo pUjA kI jAtI hai use dravyapUjA kahate haiN| arthAt arihaMtAdi ke lie gaMdha, puSpa, dIpa, dhUpa, akSata, phala Adi samarpaNa karanA dravya pUjA hai| 4. kSetrapUjA- jinendra bhagavAna ke pratyeka kalyANaka yukta bhUmi kI aSTadravya se kI gaI pUjA kSetrapUjA kahalAtI hai| 5. kAlapUjA- jisa dina tIrthaGkaroM ke kalyANaka hue haiM usa dina tIrthaGkara pratimA kA abhiSeka kara pUjana karanA athavA nandIzvara Adi kI aSTAhnika paryoM meM jo jina-mahimA kI jAtI hai vaha kAlapUjA jAnanA caahie| 6. bhAvapUjA- mana se arihaMtAdi ke guNoM kA cintana karanA bhAvapUjA hai athavA NamokAra padoM ke dvArA apanI zakti ke anusAra jApa kare yA stotra kA pATha kare yaha bhAvUpajA hai| pUjA kI mahattA- AcAryazrI padamanandI svAmI ne "padmanaMdi paJcaviMzAti" nAmaka grantha meM likhA hai - ye jinendraM na pazyanti pUjayanti stuvanti n| niSphalaM jIvanaM teSAM dhik ca gRhaashrmm|| jo jIva bhakti se jinendra bhagavAna kA na to darzana karate haiM, na pUjana karate haiM aura na hI stuti karate haiM unakA jIvana niSphala hai tathA una gRhasthoM ko dhikkAra hai| isI prakAra paJcAdhyAyI grantha meM likhA hai ki - pUjAmapyarhatAM kuryAdyadvA pratimAsu taddhiyA / svara-vyaJjanAdi saMsthApya siddhaanpyrcyetsudhiiH|| 732 454

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uttama buddhi vAlA zrAvaka pratimAoM meM arhata kI buddhi se ahaMta bhagavAna kI aura siddha yaMtra meM svara vyaJjana Adi rUpa se sidoM kI sthApanA karake pUjA kre| vivekI jIvabhAva pUrvaka arihaMta ko namaskAra karatA hai| vaha a samasta duHkhoM se mukta ho jAtA hai| kyoMki arhata namaskAra tatkAlIna baMdha kI apekSA asaMkhyAta guNI karma-nirjarA kA kAraNa hai| bhagavaMta puSpadanta bhUtavalI svAmI ne dhavalA grantha meM likhA hai ki "jiNaviMva-daMsaNeNa NidhattAdi kAcidassa-vi micchattAdi-kamma-kalAvassa khayadaMsaNAdo" arthAt jina bimba ke darzana se nidhatti aura nikAcita rUpa karma bhI mithyAtvAdi karma-kalApa kA kSaya ho jAtA hai| aha~ta bhagavAna kI pUjA ke mahAtmya se samyagdarzana se pavitra pUjaka ko pUjA AjJA Adi utkarSa kAraka sampattiyA~ Avazyaka rUpa se prApta hotI haiN| phira vrata sahita vyakti kA to kahanA hI kyA hai| jo vyakti bhakti se jinavANI ko pUjate haiM ve puruSa vAstava meM jina bhagavAna ko hI pUjate haiN| kyoMki sarvajJadeva jinavANI aura jinendradeva meM kucha bhI antara nahIM hai| pUjA kI vaijJAnikatA - jJAnapUrvaka zrI arihaMta ke pAdamUla meM kI gaI pUjA hI uttamaphala aura siddhiyoM ko dene vAlI hotI hai| jisa thAlI meM dravya car3hAte haiM usameM bIjAkSaroM ko aGkita karate haiM unakA hetu hameM avazya jAnanA caahie| kyoMki binA kAraNa ke kArya kI siddhi sambhava nahIM hai| viveka pUrvaka kI gaI pUjA-pravRtti hI mokSasiddhi meM sAdhaka hotI hai| dravya car3hAne vAlI thAlI meM sarvaprathama candana yA kezara se? bIjAkSara likheM usake nIce "zrI" tathA unake nIce svAstika bnaaeN| dAeM hAtha kI tarapha khar3e meM 5 bindu aura bAeM hAtha kI tarapha khar3e meM cAra bindu, svAstika ke nIce tIna bindu rakheM tathA dhApanA (DhonA) ke Upara aSTapaMkhuNDI kA kamala bnaaeN| jaba hama pUjana AraMbha kareM to bAeM hAtha kI tarapha thAlI meM banI cAra binduoM para hI puSpa car3hAeM yaha cAra bindu arhata siddha sAdhU tathA inake kahe hue dharma kI pratIka haiN| ye tIna loka meM uttama haiM, maGgalamaya haiM, tathA zaraNabhUta haiN| atauttama kalyANaka zaraNabhUta ke lie arhata ke pAdamUla meM inhIM 4 binduoM para puSpa car3hAkara kalyANa kI bhAvanA sAkAra karate haiN| pUjana ke AraMbha meM 'apavitraH pavitro vA pada' bola kara pUjaka ko yaMtra kI, kalyANakoM kI, dvAdazAMga vANI kI, tIrthaGkara ke 1008 guNoM kI evaM tattvArthasUtra kI pUjA karanA caahie| ataH pAMca binduoM para pAMcoM pUjAe~ yA 5 argha uparyukta hetuoM kI ArAdhanA ke artha arpita karate haiN| hamAre pUrvAcAryoM ne prAkRta yA saMskRta bhASA meM jina pUjAoM kI racanA kI hai pUrva vidvAna kaviyoM ne hindI padyAntara meM usI anurUpa pUjAe~ likhakara mahAna upakAra kiyaa| vartamAna kaviyoM ne navIna navIna prakAra kI akramika pujAe~ likhakara pUjA-paddhati meM vikRti pradAna kI hai| sarvaprathama devazAstra guru kI pUjA karanA cAhie aura isa pUjA kI aSTa dravya OM bIjAkSara para hI arpita karanA caahie| pratyeka bIjAkSara ko AtmabhUta karane (siddha karane) ke lie usa bIjAkSara rUpa kI gaI ArAdhanA kI aSTa dravya car3hAne kI AvazyakatA hai| isase hI vaha bIjAkSara AtmabhUta hotA hai| jaba taka bIjAkSara AtmabhUta nahIM hogA AtmA kI pAtratA mokSarUpa sambhava nahIM hai| OM bIjAkSara paJca parameSThI ke prathama mUla akSaroM kA saMyukta rUpa hai| ata: isa bIjAkSara ke AtmabhUta hone para paJcaparameSThI pada kI prApti sunizcita hai| yaha pada hI mokSa siddhi kA hetu hai| deva ke antargata siddha bhagavAna bhI Ate haiN| ata: deva, zAstra guru aura siddha bhagavAna kI ArAdhanA sAmagrI OM para hI arpita karate haiN| jaba tIrthaGkara vizeSa yA sAmUhika tIrthaGkara mAtra kI pUjana kareM to 'zrI' bIjAkSara para hI AThoM dravya arpita kreN| 'zrI' bIjAkSara zreya kA pratIka kahA gayA hai| ataH jo zreya tIrthaGkara kI AtmA ne prApta kiyA hai vaisA hI zreya unakI ArAdhanA se mujhe prApta ho| isa AkAMkSA kI sAkAratA meM hama 'zrI' bIjAkSara ko AtmabhUta karate haiN| svAstika kalyANa kA pratIka bIjAkSara hai| ataH vrata nirvANa bhUmi, tIrtha maMdira Adi kI ArAdhanA se hamArA kalyANa hotA hai| isalie ina sabhI kI pUjAoM meM dravya svAstika para hI arpita karate hue kalyANa kI AkAMkSA sAkAra karate haiN| thApanA (ThonA) para ATha paMkhuDI kA kamala banAte haiM, siddhaprabhu ke ATha guNa haiN| ata: una guNoM kI prApti hetu AhvAnana, sthApana, sannidhikaraNa ke puSpa ThonA para arpita karate haiN| svAstika ke nIce jo ADe meM tIna bindu haiM-usameM samasta pUjAaiM karane ke bAda jisa grAma/nagara meM hama pUjA kara rahe haiM usa nagara ke anya samasta jinAlayoM meM virAje jina bhagavantoM ke sAtha usa nagara kI sImA meM jamIna ke andara yadi koI jina maMdira yA pratimA dabI ho athavA usa nagara kI 455

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sImA meM AkAza meM koI vyaMtara apanA caityAlaya lie ghUma rahA ho usameM virAje jina bhagavaMto kI ArAdhanA kA argha anta meM car3hAkara zAntipATha/visarjana karanA caahie| pUjAbhakti meM ina pariNAmoM ke sAtha pUjya kI ArAdhanA kara pUjaka apAra zubhAzrava ke sAtha nirjarA bhI karatA hai| dravya arpaNa kI mahattA - zrI vasunandI AcArya ne apane zrAvakAcAra grantha meM likhA hai ki jala se pUjA karane se pApa rUpI maila kA saMzodhana hotA hai| candana car3hAne se manuSya saubhAgya se sampanna hotA hai| akSata car3hAne se akSaya nidhi rUpa mokSa ko prApta karatA hai tathA akSINa-labdhi prApta kara mukta hotA hai| puSpa se pUjana karane vAlA kAmadeva ke samAna samarcita dehavAlA hotA hai| naivedya car3hAne se zakti kAnti aura teja se sampanna hotA hai| dIpa se pUjana karane vAlA kevalajJAnI hotA hai| dhUpa se pUjana karane se trailokya vyApI yazavAlA hotA hai| phala se pUjana karane vAlA nirvANa sukha rUpa phala ko prApta karanA hai| argha AThoM akSaya nidhiyoM kI prApti kA pratIka hai| nirmAlya- jinendra bhagavAna kI ArAdhanA ke nimitta lAI gaI sAmagrI athavA car3hAI gaI sAmagrI ko kisI bhI rUpa meM zrAvaka ko grahaNa nahIM karanA caahie| aSTa dravyAdi sAmagrI asahAya jIvoM tathA pazu-pakSiyoM ko DAla denA caahie| jo mUlyavAna sAja sajjA yA puna: upayogI vastueM haiM unheM maMdira jI ke bhaNDAra gRha meM hI rkheN| aura punaH puna: upayoga ke bAda anupayogI hone para kisI nadI tAlAba meM unheM visarjita kara denA caahie| jisase usa vastu ke prati mamakAra athavA grAhyatA kI bhAvanA na rhe| AcArya kundakunda svAmI ne niyamasAra grantha kI gAthA 32 meM likhA hai ki jinazAsana ke AyatanoM kI rakSArtha evaM apanI ArAdhanA ke nimitta pradAna kie hue dAna ko jo manuSya lobha basa grahaNa kare to vaha puruSa narakagAmI mahApApI hai| rAjavArtika grantha meM bhI likhA hai- maMdira ke gandha, mAlya, dhUpa Adi kA curAnA azubha nAma karma ke Azrava kA kAraNa hai| athavA deva ke lie nivedita yA anivedita kie gae dravya kA grahaNa antarAya karma ke Azrava kA kAraNa hai| dhavalAdi granthoM meM bhI isI taraha nirmAlya ke saMdarbha meM vizeSa vivecana AyA hai| isa lekha ke AdhAra grantha haiM - jainAbhiSeka (A. pUjyapAda), zAnticakra (A.abhayanandI), bajrapaMjara (A. malliSeNa), jina- pUjA vidhi (zodha-nibaMdha, zrI sorayA jI), niyamasAra (kundakundAcArya), rAjavArtika, jinayajJa-kalpa (paM.AzAdharajI), devapUjA ( A. padmanandIjI), siddhacakrASTaka (A. zrutasAgara), zrutaskandha pUjA (A.zrutasAgara), ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcAra (AcArya, samantabhadra), AdipurANa (zrI jinasena svAmI), padmanandI paJcaviMzati (A.padmanandIjI), dhavalA pustaka 8 (A.bhUtavalI svAmI), pUjA ke prakAra (A.somadeva), vasunandI zrAvakAcAra (aa.vsunndii)| lekhaka-pratiSThAcArya paM. barddhamAna kumAra jaina sorayA prAcArya TIkamagar3ha mokSamArga-pAtheya : sallekhanA (isa sandarbha meM sudarzana lAla jaina dvArA likhita Alekha 'sallekhanA kyoM aura kaise' jo isI grantha meM chapA hai draSTavya hai:) jisakA janma huA hai, usakI mRtyu sunizcita hai| khile hue phUla aura pake hue phala kabhI DAla para lage nahIM raha skte| sUrya aura candramA bhI udaya aura asta hone kI prakriyA se pratidina hI gujarate haiN| prANI mAtra kA janma aura mRtyu ke kAlacakra se bacanA asambhava hai arthAt jisakA janma huA hai usakI mRtyu sunizcita hai| kabIradAsajI kI nimna paMktiyA~ isa aTala satya ko svIkAra kara rahI haiM - mAlI Avata dekha kari, kaliyana karI pukaar| phUle-phale cuna lie, kAla hamArI baar|| jainAcAryoM ne zrAvakAcAra meM mRtyu ko mRtyu-mahotsava ke rUpa meM vyAkhyAyita kiyA hai| jainAgama meM isaprakAra kI mRtyu ko sallekhanA, samAdhimaraNa, paNDitamaraNa yA saMthArA nAmoM se bhI abhihita kiyA hai| ise jIvana kI antima sAdhanA ke rUpa meM mAnA gayA hai jisake AdhAra para sAdhaka apane Apako mRtyu ke samIpa dekhakara saba kucha zanaiH-zanaiH tyAgakara 456

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mRtyu kA varaNa karatA hai isa prakAra kI mRtyu ko niSpratikAra maraNa kahA gayA hai| isake anusAra jaba taka zarIra meM prANa haiM taba taka ahiMsaka vidhi se ilAja karAnA cAhie parantu jaba DaoNkTaroM ke anusAra kisI bhI prakAra bacanA sambhava hI na ho taba zAnti pariNAmoM se Atmacintana pUrvaka jIvana ke antima kSaNa taka susaMskAroM ke prati samarpita rahate hue sallekhanA grahaNa karanA caahie| isa vidhi ko dhairyapUrvaka antima samaya taka sasammAna jIne kI kalA ke rUpa meM nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| sallekhanA yA samAdhimaraNa saMyamapUrNa AcaraNa kA antima par3Ava hai| manuSya jIvana meM saMyama aura vratoM kI ArAdhanA isI sallekhanA prApti ke liye kI jAtI hai| jahA~ pAkSika, naiSThika evaM sAdhaka kI zreNiyoM meM vibhakta jaina zrAvaka apanI-apanI bhUmikA ke anusAra samAdhimaraNa prApti kI bhAvanA bhAte hue isa nazvara deha kA parityAga karate haiM vahIM zramaNacaryA meM rata sAdhu AhAra aura kaSAyoM ko kRza karate rahane kA udyama karate haiN| gupti, samiti, mUlaguNa Adi kA niraticAra pAlana karate hue ve apanI caryA ke mAdhyama se bhAvoM kI zuddhi kA nirantara prayAsa karate haiN| jainadarzana meM sallekhanA kA zAbdika artha hai - st+lekhnaa-sllekhnaa| isakA artha hai| samyak prakAra se kAya evaM kaSAyoM ko kRza krnaa| kSu. jinendra varNI ne zAntipatha pradarzaka meM sallekhanA kA artha apane trikAlI svabhAva ko samyak prakAra se dekhanA batAyA hai| sarvArthasiddhi meM AcArya pUjyapAda ne kAya evaM kaSAyoM ko bhalI prakAra se lekhana karanA arthAt kRza karanA, kamajora karanA sallekhanA mAnA hai| jainasiddhAnta koza ke anusAra - jisane sallekhanA dhAraNa karake kaSAyoM ko kRza kiyA hai, samatAbhAva dhAraNa karake vItarAga dharmarUpI amRtapAna kiyA hai - aisA dharmAtmA sAdhaka asaMkhyAta kAla taka svarga kA bhautika sukha bhogatA hai phira manuSyoM meM uttama rAjA Adi ke vaibhava ko pAkara pazcAt una saMsAra-zarIra bhogoM se virakta hokara zuddha saMyama aGgIkAra karake niHzreyasrUpa nirvANa kA AsvAdana karatA hai, anubhava karatA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki sva zuddhAtmA kI ArAdhanA arthAt nirmala ratnatraya pariNati kA honA samAdhi hai aura usa samAdhipUrvaka deha kA parityAga karanA samAdhimaraNa hai| A. samantabhadra svAmI ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra zloka 130 meM likhate haiM - niHzreyasamabhyudayaM nistIraM dustaraM sukhaambunidhim| niSpibati pItadharmA srvairduHkhairnaaliiddhH|| arthAt samAdhimaraNa dhAraNa kara jinhoMne dharmAmRta pAna karate hue AtmA ko pavitra kiyA hai ve svarga meM anupama abhyudaya ke svAmI banakara anta meM sampUrNa duHkhoM se rahita ho - jisakA kabhI vinAza nahIM aise atyanta durlabha mukti svarUpa sukhasAgara ke pAna meM nimagna ho jAte haiN| arthAt samAdhimaraNa dvArA arjita dharma ke prasAda se svarga ke sAtha anta meM anukrama se mukti bhI prApta ho jAtI hai| ataH pratyeka vicArazIla gRhastha ko jainadharma ke anusAra samAdhimaraNa kI vidhi aura usakI mahattA para vicAra kara lAbha uThAnA caahie| Agama-granthoM meM sthiratA ke sAtha AtmA ke svabhAva meM rahanA dharma batAyA hai| rAga-dveSAdi vikArI bhAvoM se antaraGga meM mahAn kSobha kI utpatti hotI hai jisase dharma kA abhAva hotA hai| ve vikArI bhAva pratyeka kSaNa citta ko caJcala karate haiM jo moha ke sAgara meM Dubone vAle haiM inako roka pAnA kaThina hai| ataH dharma kI sthiti banAe rakhane ke lie prasannatApUrvaka dehAdi se mamatva buddhi chor3akara samAhita honA hI samAdhimaraNa kA prathama sopAna batAyA hai| isa sambandha meM A. amitagati (dvitIya) maraNakaNDikA meM likhate haiM - samAhitaM mano yasya vazyaM tyaktAzubhAstravam / uhyate tena cAritramazrAntevApadUSaNam / / 5/139 arthAt jisakA mana azubha Asrava ke pravAha se rahita hai tathA apane vaza meM hai, vaha samAhita kahA jAtA hai| samAhita cittavAlA hI nirdoSa cAritra ko dhAraNa karatA hai| samAdhi kA artha hai - aise jJAnAnanda jIvana kI upalabdhi jo Aja taka kabhI eka bAra bhI prApta nahIM huii| anAdikAla se lekara aba taka saMsArI jIva ne mana tathA indriyoM ke mAdhyama se klezakAraka evaM santApajanita sukhAbhAsa rUpa jisa indriya sukha ko anantabAra prApta kiyA hai vaha AkulatA kiMvA duHkhadAyaka hI siddha huA hai| ataH sukha kyA hai? vaha paramasukha Aja taka kyoM prApta nahIM huA? isakA vicAra kara! janma-janmAntaroM meM kie gae tapa se bhI Aja taka 457

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janma-maraNa kA abhAva kyoM nahIM huA? A. samantabhadra kahate haiM ki antakriyA rUpa jo sanyAsa-maraNa hotA hai, usase hI tapa sArthaka hotA hai| tapa karane vAle ke yadi anta samaya meM sanyAsa maraNa nahIM hotA hai to usakA tapa niSphala kahA jAtA hai| - (ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, bhASA, pRSTha-453) AcArya zivArya kRta bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM sallekhanA ke mahattva ko nimna prakAra darzAyA gayA hai - egammi bhavaggahaNe samAdhimaraNeNa jo mado jiivo| Na huM so hiMsAdi bahuso sattaThTha bhave pamattUNa / / arthAt jo bhadra eka paryAya meM samAdhimaraNa pUrvaka maraNa karatA hai, vaha saMsAra meM sAta-ATha paryAya se adhika paribhramaNa nahIM krtaa| A. samantabhadra ne ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra ke zloka 124-125 meM sallekhanA vidhi nimna prakAra batalAI hai - snehaM vairaM saGgaM parigrahaM cApahAya shuddhmnaa| svajanaM parijanamapi ca kSAntAkSamayet priyairvcnaiH|| AlocyasarvamenaH kRtkAritamanumataM ca nirvyAjam / AropayenmahAvratamAmaraNasthApi niHshessm|| arthAt sneha, baira, parigraha ko chor3akara zuddha hotA huA priya vacanoM se apane kuTumbiyoM aura karmacAriyoM se bhI kSamAbhAva karAve aura Apa bhI sabako kSamA kreN| chalakapaTa rahita hokara, kRtakArita-anumodanA sahita kiye hue samasta pApoM kI AlocanA karake maraNaparyanta upacarita mahAvratoM ko dhAraNa kre| krama-krama se AhAra ko chor3akara dugdha-chAcha ko bar3hAve aura pIche dugdhapAna ko chor3akara garamajala ko bddh'aave| tatpazcAt garamajala pAna kA bhI tyAga karake aura zaktyanusAra upavAsa karake paJca namaskAra mantra ko mana meM dhAraNa karatA huA zarIra ko chodd'e| AtmaghAta nahIM hai sallekhanA - jo loga sallekhanA athavA samAdhi ko nahIM samajhate ve ise AtmaghAta kahane se nahIM cuukte| isa sambandha meM AtmakhyAti ke racayitA A. amRtacandra ne puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM spaSTa likhA hai - maraNe'vazyaMbhAvini kaSAya-sallekhanAtat krnnmaatre| rAgAdimantareNa vyApriyamANasya naa'tmghaato'sti|| arthAt maraNa avazyambhAvI hai - aisA jAnakara kaSAya kA tyAga karate hue, rAga-dveSa ke binA hI prANatyAga karane vAle manuSya ko AtmaghAta nahIM ho sktaa| ukta zloka kI TIkA karate hue paNDita pravara ToDaramalajI ne likhA hai - yahA~ koI kahegA ki sanyAsa meM to AtmaghAta kA doSa AtA hai? arthAt sallekhanA karane vAlA puruSa jisa samaya apane maraNa ko avazyambhAvI jAnatA hai, taba saMnyAsa aGgIkAra karake kaSAya ko ghaTAtA hai aura rAgAdi ko miTAtA hai; isalie AtmaghAta kA doSa nahIM hai| A. amRtacandra puruSArthasiddhayupAya ke zloka 177-178 meM AtmaghAta kA svarUpa spaSTa karate hue likhate haiM - yo hi kaSAyA'viSTaH kumbhkjlaadhuumketuvissshstraiH| vyaparopayati prANAn tasya syaatstymaatmvdhH|| arthAt jo jIva krodhAdi kaSAyasaMyukta hokara zvAsa-nirodha karake arthAt phA~sI lagAkara jala meM DUbakara, agni meM jalakara, viSa bhakSaNa kara yA zastrAdi ke dvArA apane prANoM kA viyoga karatA hai; usako sadAkAla apaghAta (AtmaghAta) kA doSa lagatA hai| antima zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu aura unake ziSya samrATa candragupta maurya jo prabhAcandrAcArya ke nAma se vikhyAta hue ve dakSiNa bhArata ke kaTavapra parvata para sallekhanA vrata kA pAlana karate hue samAdhimaraNa ko prApta hue| yaha vRttAnta zravaNabelagola sthita zilAlekha saMkhyA 182 zaka sambat 522 meM utkIrNa hai| unake pazcAt kramazaH sAta sau muniyoM ne bhI candragupta kI samAdhisthala para rahakara tapa kiyA aura unhoMne bhI vahIM se samAdhimaraNa kiyaa| unake pazcAt zAntisena muni ne zravaNabelagola parvata para azana Adi tyAga kara purnajanma ko jIta liyaa| sallekhanA kI yaha mahattvapUrNa vArtA zilAlekha saMkhyA 17-18 (31) zaka samvat 572 meM nimna zabdoM meM aGkita hai| zrIbhadrabAhu sa candragupta munIndra yugmadinoppeval / bhadramAgid dharmamandu balikke vndirnislphlii|| 458

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vidrumAdhara zAntisena munIza nAkkie belgol| adimelazanAdi viTTa punarbhavakke re Agi... / / jainAgama ke anusAra samAdhi sallekhanA eka viziSTa kriyA thI jisakI ArAdhanA ke lie prAcInakAla meM yApajJApaka loga niyukta rahate the| kaliGga samrATa khAravela ke prasiddha hAthIguphA vAle zilAlekha meM spaSTa ullekha hai ki - samrATa khAravela ne apane zAsana ke terahaveM varSa meM vrata pUrA hone para una yApajJApakoM ko jo kumArI parvata para samAdhiyoM para yApa aura kSema kI kriyAoM meM pravRtta the vahA~ rAjabhRtiyoM ko niyukta kiyaa| isase sallekhanA samAdhi kA prAcIna rUpa spaSTa hotA hai| isake pazcAt bhI zravaNabelagola tathA anya aneka sthAnoM se AcAryoM va muniyoM ke samAdhimaraNa ke vRtAnta Agama meM varNita haiN| rAjA-mahArAjAoM meM rASTrakUTa vaMza ke samrATa indra caturtha va gaGgavaMza ke samrATa mArasiMha guttiya gaGga ke sallekhanA ke vRttAnta ullekhanIya haiN| rAThor3a nareza indrarAja ne bhI sallekhanA vrata dhAraNa kiyA aura san 982 meM samAdhimaraNa ko prApta kiyaa| mahArAnI zAntaladevI hoyasala nareza viSNuvarddhana kI paTarAnI thiiN| ve Adarza jaina mahilA thIM aura unhoMne hI zivagaGgA meM sallekhanA vidhi dhAraNa kara samAdhimaraNa ko prApta kiyaa| isa prakAra jainAgama meM sallekhanA kI prAcIna paramparA rahI hai jo aba taka nirbAdha gati se calI A rahI hai| vartamAna samaya ke pramukha AcArya zAntisAgarajI (dakSiNa) ne bhI sallekhanApUrvaka samAdhimaraNa prApta kiyaa| isake sAtha hI AcArya vidyAsAgarajI ke guru AcArya jJAnasAgarajI ne bhI sallekhanA vrata dhAraNa kara samAdhimaraNa kiyaa| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki jaina samAja meM AtmaghAta ko kabhI prazraya nahIM diyA gayA apitu yaha antima samaya eka sunizcita rItipUrvaka dehatyAga kI anupama kalA hai jise sallekhanApUrvaka samAdhimaraNa kahA jA sakatA hai| zrI akhila baMsala sampAdaka - samanvayavANI, jayapura, mahAmantrI - a.bhA.di. jaina vidvatpariSad vaiyyAvRtti : kahA~, kaise aura kyoM ? prAyaH jaina zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM athavA sadgRhastha vaiyyAvRtti zabdArtha ke sAmAnya artha se to sabhI paricita haiN| parantu isake vizeSa saMdarbho ko jAne binA kriyA meM le Ane se doSapUrNa pariNati kI saMbhAvanA nirmUla nahIM hotii| ataeva isa vaiyyAvRtta saMjJaka zikSAvrata ke svarUpa kA varNana aura isakA mUlAdhAra- kahA~, kaise aura kyoM ? Adi para samajhane ke lie lekha likhanA Avazyaka samajhA gayA hai| AsAna sI dikhane vAlI kriyA atigambhIra evaM itanI mahattvapUrNa hai ki apanI kAla-labdhi para bhavasAgara se pAra karA detI hai| SoDazakAraNa pUjana kI jayamAlA meM AtA hai - 'niza-dina vaiyyAvRtta karaiyA, so nihacai bhava-nIra tiraiyA' isI prakAra jayamAlA meM Age AtA hai, 'vatsala aMga sadA jo dhyAvai, so tIrthaMkara padavI paavai'| daraasala jainadharma va darzana donoM hI vaijJAnika haiN| mokSaprApti yA sAMsArika janmamaraNa se pUrNa chuTakArA isakA lakSya hai, jo ati durUha hai, asaMbhava nahIM hai| pUjA, bhakti, vAtsalya, dAna, vaiyyAvRtti Adi usI dizA meM bar3hane ke upAya haiN| jaba taka jinendra bhagavAn dvArA batAye gaye tattva siddhAntoM para dRr3ha vizvAsa nahIM hogA, sabhI kucha mithyA laga sakatA hai| aisA lagane se niSphala ho hI jaayegaa| ataH pahalI zarta hai - samyagdarzana kA honaa| yaha tabhI hogA jaba tattvoM para zraddhAna hogaa| tattvArtha sUtra ke prathama adhyAya kA dUsarA sUtra hai - 'tattvArthazraddhAnaM smygdrshnm'| jainadharma meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra ko ratnatraya kI saMjJA dI gaI hai| vastutaH ye ratnAbhUSaNoM kI apekSA adhika mUlyavAn haiN| cU~ki jinendra bhagavAn ke batAe gae mokSamArga kA nirdezana bhI karate haiM - 'samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH' arthAt samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kA yugpad honA mokSamArga hai| samyagdarzana ke binA niyamata: samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra nahIM hoteN| isIlie ratnatraya meM isakA prathama evaM mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| aisA bhI zAstrokta kathana hai ki samyagdarzana ke binA na to muni dharma sambhava hai aura na hI saagaardhrm| ataeva aisA mAnanA bhI yuktiyukta hai ki samyaktva se bar3hakara na koI mitra hai aura na hI smpdaa| isI prakAra mithyAtva se bar3hakara na koI zatru hai aura na roga 459

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aadi| sAgAradharmAmRta nAmaka grantha meM paMDita AzAdhara jI ne likhA hai - naratve'pi pazuyante mithyaatvgrstcetsH| pazutve'pi narAyante samyaktvavyakta-cetasaH / / 2/4 / / saMkSepa meM niSkarSa yaha hai ki samyaktva se jJAna samyak hotA hai aura samyagdarzana va samyagjJAna se tattvoM kI upalabdhi hotI hai| padArthoM kI upalabdhi hone para zreya tathA azreya kA jJAna hotA hai| zreya va azreya ko jAnakara vyakti duHkhazIla AcaraNa ko chor3akara samyaksvabhAvayukta hokara abhyudayapUrvaka paramapadoM ko prApta hotA huA nirvANa prApta karatA hai| aisA darzana pAhuDa meM ullekha milatA hai| pUjA, bhakti, vAtsalya, vaiyyAvRtti Adi ke sahI svarUpa ko jAnane/pahacAnane ke lie ratnatraya ke mahattva kA pratipAdana karanA - vizeSarUpa se samyagdarzana, samyaktva, samyagdRSTi kA vivecana Avazyaka thaa| pahale saMketa kiyA jA cukA hai ki jainadarzana meM tattvoM ko bahuta bArIkI se samajhAyA gayA hai| hama usa vistAra meM to nahIM jAyeMge, phira bhI samyagdarzana ke aMgoM ke nAma Adi kA ullekha kathanIya hai| nizaMkita, ni:kAMkSita, nirvicikitsA, amUDhadRSTi, upagUhana, sthitikaraNa, vAtsalya aura prabhAvanA ye samyagdarzana ke ATha aMga haiN| saMvega, nirvega, AtmanindA, AtmagarhA, upazama, bhakti, Astikya aura anukaMpA ye ATha guNa haiN| isI prakAra samyagdarzana ke 25 doSa bhI ginAe gae haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM - mUr3hatA (loka, deva aura gurumUr3hatA), jJAna, pUjA, pratiSThA, kula, jAti, bala, tapa, rUpa, aizvarya ye ATha mada haiN| kuguru, kudeva, kudharma aura inake ArAdhaka kI pUjA, bhakti, prazaMsA ye cha: AnAyatana haiN| zaMkA, kAMkSA, vicikitsA, mUDhadRSTi, anupagRhana, asthitikaraNa, avAtsalya aura aprabhAvanA ye ATha doSoM ko milAkara 25 doSa haiN| guNoM sahita tathA doSa rahita samyagdarzana kA pAlana karanA vihita hai| umAsvAmI ke zrAvakAcAra meM likhA hai ki sAdhuoM, sAdhuoM jaisI vRtti vAle zrAvakoM evaM sAdharmI janoM kI yathAyogya pratipatti karane ko pUjA bhakti, Adara-sammAna Adi karane ko jJAniyoM ne vAtsalya kahA hai| Adara, vaiyyAvRtya, miSTavacana bolanA, satkAra karanA, sAdhuoM kA sahakAra karanA Adi kAryoM ko bhI vAtsalya kahA gayA hai| jainadharmAcaraNa karane vAloM ke lie sAgAra tathA anagAra ke bheda se karaNIya-akaraNIya kA saiddhAntika vivecana hai jise AgamagranthoM, vidvAnoM, muniyoM, AcAryoM ke pravacanoM se jAnA jA sakatA hai| sadgRhasthoM, zrAvakoM ke lie pratidina chaha Avazyaka kArya batalAe gae haiM, jinheM samyagdRSTi binA kisI phalAkAMkSA ke karate haiN| ve SaDAvazyaka haiM - devapUjA, gurUpAsti, svAdhyAyaH sNymstpH| dAnaM ceti gRhasthAnAM, SaTkarmANi dine-dine|| arthAt jinendradeva kA pUjana, sadguru kI upAsanA, svAdhyAya, saMyama, tapa aura dAna ye cha: karma nitya-niyama se avazya karaNIya haiN| ina saba chahoM kI vistRta paribhASAe~ haiN| aba sIdhe-sIdhe vaiyyAvRtti zIrSaka se prArambha kiye gae lekha para Ate haiN| vyAvRttiH - duHnivRttiH prayojanaM yasya tat vaiyyAvRtyam' - (ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra se) arthAt duHkhanivRtti jisakA prayojana hai, use vaiyAvRtti kahate haiN| anya AcAryoM ne isake sthAna para atithisaMvibhAga vrata zabda rakhA hai| isa vrata meM jisa prakAra atithi ke lie dAna kI pradhAnatA hai usI prakAra vaiyAvRtya meM bhI dAna kI pradhAnatA hai| kyoMki AhAra Adi dAna ke dvArA atithi ke dukhanivAraNa kA hI prayojana hotA hai| isalie atithisaMvibhAga vrata zabda para Apatti honA adhika saMgata nahIM hai| cU~ki isameM cAra prakAra ke dAnoM kA to samAveza ho jAtA hai, isake atirikta saMyamIjanoM, muniyoM kI sevA-zuzrUSA kA samAveza nahIM hotA hai| ata: AcArya samantabhadra svAmI ne 'vaiyAvRtya' zabda kI vyApakatA ke kAraNa ise mAnyatA pradAna kI hai| isameM dAna aura sevAsuzruSA Adi sabhI kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| apAtra evaM pAtra kI pahacAna kie binA dAna dene kA koI mahattva nahIM hai| ata: dAna dete samaya pAtra kA vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai| pAtra vahI ho sakatA hai, jo tapasvI ho, samyagdarzanAdi guNoM kA dhAraka ho, gRhatyAgI ho| sAtha hI dAna dete samaya ratnatraya kI vRddhi ke atirikta anya koI uddezyasiddhi kA bhAva nahIM honA caahie| munIzvara se mantra-tantra, santAna kAmanA athavA vaibhavAdi kI yAcanA nahIM honA caahie| apanI sAmarthyAnusAra AhArAdi cAroM prakAra ke dAna dene se saMklezI pariNAmoM se bacA jA sakatA hai| dAna ke badale meM pratidAna kI icchA aticAra meM AtI hai| aisA dhyAtavya hai ki na kevala dAna hI vaiyAvRtti kahalAtA hai balki saMyamI janoM, vratiyoM, muniyoM kI sevA bhI 460

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vaiyAvRtya kahA jAtA hai| saMyamI do prakAra ke haiM - dezavratI aura sklvrtii| inake Upara yadi bImArI yA anya vipattiyA~ AI haiM to guNAnurAga se prerita hokara unheM dUra karanA, unake paira Adi aMgoM kA mardana karanA tathA samayAnusAra anya sevA karanA vaiyAvRtya zikSAvrata ke antargata AtA hai| vaiyAvRtti mAtra guNAnurAga athavA bhakti ke vaza se kI jAtI hai, kisI svArthasiddhi ke lie nhiiN| muniyoM ke yogya chaha antaraMga tapoM meM eka vaiyAvRtya nAmaka tapa hai| zAstrokta kathana hai ki bAlaka, vRddha athavA mlAna rUgNa muniyoM Adi kI sevA karate hue unheM mArga meM sthira rkhnaa| paraspara kI sahAnubhUtipUrNa pravRtti se hI caturvidha munisaMgha kA nirvAha hotA hai| AcArya, upAdhyAya, tapasvI, zaikSya, glAna, gaNa, kula, saMgha, sAdhu aura manojJa ina dasa prakAra ke muniyoM kI vaiyAvRtti karane se vaiyAvRtti tapa ke dasa bheda hote haiN| kisI nagara/sthAna para kisI dezavratI athavA mahAvratI ke Upara koI kaSTa AyA hai to vahA~ ke gRhastha ko Avazyaka hai ki vaha pUrNa tatparatA se use dUra karane kA upAya kre| isa vaiyAvRtya zikSAvrata meM sabhI dAnoM kA samAveza hotA hai| sAgAra ko smaraNa rakhanA hotA hai'dAna cAra parakAra, cAra saMgha ko diijie'| zrAvakoM ke lie pratidina chaha Avazyaka karmoM ke karane kA niyama batAyA gayA hai| isakI carcA hama pahale kara cuke haiN| yaha bhI likhA jA cukA hai ki vaiyAvRtya kA pracalita artha dAna hai| pUjyapAda svAmI, akalaMka svAmI, samantabhadrAcArya Adi ne jo dAna ke prakAra batAe~ haiM unameM nAma kA bheda ho sakatA hai, viSaya kI bhinnatA nhiiN| 1. AhAra dAnaM, 2. auSadhadAna, 3. jJAnadAna athavA upakaraNadAna, 4. abhayadAna athavA AvAsa yA vasatikA dAna nAmaka cAra dAnoM ko karaNIya kahA gayA hai| caturvidha vaiyAvRtya dAna kisane kisa prakAra die, unake kyA phala hue ? sabhI saMdarbho kI vistRta kathAe~ haiM / saMkSepa meM AhAradAna ke kAraNa hI malayadeza ke ratnasaMcayapura ke rAjA zrISeNa paraMparA ke anusAra tIrthaMkara zAntinAtha hue| isI prakAra auSadhadAna meM vRSabhasenA kA dRSTAnta diyA jAtA hai| zrutadAna ke phalasvarUpa kauNDeza nAmaka muni zAstroM meM pAragAmI jJAtA bne| vasatikA dAna kI phalakathA ke rUpa meM sUkara kI kathA AtI hai| hama sabhI jAnate haiM ki SaDAvazyaka karmoM meM pUjA kA prathama sthAna hai| vaiyAvRtti karane vAle zrAvaka ko deva, zAstra, guru kI pUjA karanA caahie| isameM pUjya aura pUjaka do haiN| tIsarA zabda pUjA hai| deva, zAstra, guru ke guNoM ke prati atyadhika Adara bhAva hone ke kAraNa ye pUjya haiN| paricaryA, sevA, upAsanA ko pUjA kahate haiM aura samasta duHkhoM ko dUra honA pUjA kA phala hai| isa sambandha meM eka meDhaka kI kathA bar3I prasiddha kathA hai| saMkSepa meM kathA isa prakAra hairAjagRhanagara meM rAjA zreNika, seTha nAgadatta aura bhavadattA nAma kI usakI seThAnI rahate the| eka bAra vardhamAna svAmI vaibhAra parvata para padhAre the| rAjA zreNika unake darzanoM ko vahA~ ge| bhagavAna kI vaMdanA lakSya thaa| nAgadatta seTha bhI apane parivAra ke sAtha vandanA karane ke lie bhaktipUrvaka nikala pdd'e| unake ghara kI vAvar3I meM rahane vAlA meMDhaka bhI vAvar3I se eka kamala puSpa mukha meM dabAkara pUjA kA antaraGga bhAva banAkara prasannatA pUrvaka uchalatA huA mArga para nikala pdd'aa| jAtA huA vaha meMDhaka hAthI ke paira se kucalakara mara gyaa| pUjA ke bhAva se vaha saudharma svarga meM RddhidhAraka deva bnaa| pUjA ke prabhAva ke atizaya ko vardhamAna svAmI se jAnakara rAjA zreNika evaM anya zrAvaka zrotAoM ko zraddhAna huaa| sabhI prakAra se vaiyAvRtya mokSamArga cunane vAle bhakta zrAvakoM ke lie sAdhaka siddha hone vAlA vrata hai| isameM saMdeha nahIM hai| anta meM eka bAra puna: smaraNa karAte caleM ki vaiyAvRtti guNAnurAga bhAva se hI karanA hai, kisI svArthapUrti kI kAmanA se nhiiN| samyagdRSTi bhavyAtmAoM ke lie aisA bodha svataH hI ho jAtA hai| DaoN. premacandra jaina 'nagalA' najIvAbAda yogasAra meM 'dhyAnayoga' kA svarUpa 'yogavidyA bhAratIya dharma darzana kI ati prAcIna kAla se calI A rahI adhyAtma vidyA hai| paramatattva pAragAmI manISI arhat puruSoM evaM tIrthaMkaroM ne antarAtmama kSitijoM ke pAra svayaM Ananda mUrti jJAnadhana ke rUpa meM apane ko vikasita kiyA thaa| unhoMne yoga-vijJAna ko prANI jIvana ke pariSkAra hetu nirmala satya Ananda ke rUpa meM prakaTa kiyaa| vastutaH samagra mAnavajIvana kA viziSTa AdhyAtmika rUpa yaha yoga sampUrNa vizva meM bhArata kI prAcInatama vidyA hai| isameM AtmA kI nirmalatA, anekAnta dRSTiyukta samyagbhAva, darzana-jJAna cAritra kA samavAyatva hai, jo mAnava ke 461

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antasthala meM prasphuTita hotA hai| kAyavAGmanaHkarmayogaH - mana-vacana-kAya ke dvArA hone vAle Atma-pradezoM kA parispandana yoga hai| parantu mana-vacana-kAya kI ekIkAritA ko dhyAnayoga kahA hai| dhyAna kI kakSA se hI Atma-sAdhanA prANavAna hotI hai| 'yogazcittavRttinirodhaH''ekAgracintAnirodho dhyAnam' manakI caMcala vRttiyoM kA nirodha hI dhyAna yoga hai| yaha yoga vidyA sampradAyAtIta hai| eka yogavidyA hI aisA sthala hai, jahA~ sabhI sampradAya Akara eka ho jAte haiN| eka samAna sUtra kI taraha yaha yoga sarvadharma sampradAyoM kI ekatA ko prakaTa karatA hai| mAnavamAtra ke liye yaha upayogI hai| yoga ke prANadAyI tattvoM ko apanI-apanI dhAraNAnusAra sarvatra grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| jaina sAdhanA kA mUlasUtra hI dhyAna hai| arhanta bhagavAn Atma dhyAna se hI aSTakarmoM se mukta hue haiN| arhantoM kI sabhI pratimAe~ dhyAnAvasthita haiM-cAhe padmAsana ho yA khddgaasn| gItA meM AtmadhyAna yogI kA citraNa isI prakAra kA hai samakAyaM zirogrIvaM dhArayannacalaM sthirH| samprekSya nAsikAgraM svaM dishshcaanvlokyn| 6-13 / / zarIra, sira aura gardana ko sIdhA rakhakara, nizcala ho, idhara-udhara na dekhate hue, sthira mana se apanI nAsikA ke agrabhAga para dRSTi lgaaveN| yaha prazAntAtmA AtmadhyAnastha yogI kI pratimA hai, jahA~ na rAga hai aura na dvessbhaav| gItA kA SaSTha adhyAya yoga dhyAnAvasthA ke citraNa se anusyUta hai jo arhanta kI dhyAnavAvasthA se mela khAtA hai uddharetAtmanAtmAnaM naatmaanmvsaadyet|| AtmaivAtmano bandhu Atmaiva ripuraatmnaa|| Atma-cintana rUpa yogacaryA se hI adhyAtma kA dvAra khulatA hai| antazcetanA kA rUpAntaraNa jo adhyAtma meM upAdeya hai, dhyAnayoga se hI saMbhava hai| yogacaryA indriya, prANa evaM mana buddhi ke staroM ko vedha karake, cetanA kI antardRSTi unmukta karake antaHanubhava ke loka meM le jAtI hai- jise upaniSad meM 'AtmAnaM viddhi' kahA hai| dArzanika sukarAta bhI yahI kahatA hai- Know thyself - apane ko apane Apase jaano| svayaM ko svayaM se jaano| AcArya yogIndudeva viracita 'yogasAra' dhyAnayoga kA parama AdhyAtmika grantha hai| samyagdarzanajJAnacAritra kI ekatA rUpa zuddha Atma-sAdhanA yA zuddhAtmayoga kA sAra bhalIbhA~ti prakaTa karane vAlA hone se isakA yogasAra nAma sArthaka hai| isameM eka sau ATha apabhraMza bhASA ke dohe haiN| jo AtmasvarUpa ke bodhArtha racita haiN| navIM zatAbdI ke AcAryavarya zrI yogIndu ne saMsAra se bhayabhIta aura AvAgamana se mukti ke lie utsuka prANiyoM kI AtmA ko jagAne ke liye yogasAra kI racanA kI hai| 'yogasAra' meM bahirAtmA, antarAtmA aura paramAtmA kA svarUpa batalAte hue paramAtmA ke dhyAna para bala diyA hai| Atmatattva kI prApti ke lie pApa-puNya donoM prakAra ke karmoM ke tyAga kA Adeza diyA hai| manuSya sAMsArika bandhanoM aura pApa-puNyoM ko tyAgakara Atma-dhyAna meM lIna ho mukti ko prApta kara sakatA hai| jIva puNyakarma se svarga ko pAtA hai aura pApakarma se naraka nivAsa ko| jaba donoM kA parityAga kara AtmA ko jAnatA hai taba hI zivatva ko prApta karatA hai - ___ puSNi pAvai saggaM, jiu pAvae Naraya nnivaasu| ve chAMDivi appA muNai, so labbhai siva-vAsu / / 32 / / Ayu kSINa hotI jAtI hai, parantu na to mana kSINa hotA hai aura na AzA hii| moha sphurita hotA hai, Atma-hita nhiiN| isa prakAra jIva bhramaNa karatA rahatA hai - Ayu galai Navi maNugalai, Navi AsA hu glei| moha phurai Navi appahiu, ima saMsAra bhmeiN|| 49 / / yogIndudeva kahate haiM - jisa prakAra mana viSayoM meM ramatA hai, usI prakAra yadi Atmacintana kareM to zIghra hI nirvANa prApta hove - jeiu maNu visayahaM ramai, tima jai appa munnei| joiu bhaNai ho joiyahu, lahu NivvANu lheiN||50 / / yogIndu ke paramAtma prakAza kA pratipAdya bhI yogasAra ke samAna hI hai| tadanusAra- vaha paramAtmA deha bhinna hai, 462

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kintu isI deha meM sthita hai| usI kI anubhUti se pUrva karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai| vaha Atma-tattva na devAlaya meM, na zilA meM, na lepya meM aura na citra meM hai| vaha to akSaya niraMjana jJAnamaya ziva samacitta meM hai| rAgAdi se malina citta meM zuddhAtma svarUpa ke darzana nahIM hote| usI zuddhAtma svarUpa ke dhyAna se ananta sukha kI prApti hotI hai| rAgaraMjita hRdaya meM zAMtadeva usI prakAra nahIM dikhate, jisa prakAra malina darpaNa meM pratibimba / jJAnamaya AtmA ko chor3akara dUsarI vastu jJAniyoM ke mana meM nahIM suhAtI, nahIM lgtii| jisane marakata maNi jAna liyA, use kA~ca se kyA prayojana ? dhyAnayoga kA svarUpa - AtmasvarUpa kA cintana hI dhyAna yoga hai| AtmArthI apane AtmA ke parama Atma-svarUpa ko jAnate hue yaha vicAra karatA hai ki maiM eka cetana svarUpa jJAna-darzana guNa se yukta huuN| mere guNa aura mere asaMkhya Atmapradeza hI merI vastu hai| pudgala acetana hai| yaha jAnakara Atma-dhyAnI puruSa para padArthoM se nija ekatva-buddhi haTA letA hai aura parabhAvoM ko chor3akara sva-sthita karmakSaya kara bhava-bhramaNa kA aMta kara detA hai| dhyAna aura cintana nija bhAvanA kA karanA kahA hai| jina aura zuddha AtmA eka hI vastu hai| ataH dhyAna jina ke avalambana se nija AtmA kA karanA hI abhISTa hai| zuddha AtmA ke dhyAna se hI mokSa-sukha kI prApti hotI hai| jo nija nAsikA para dRSTi rakhakara dhyAna karate haiM aura zarIra rahita antara-AtmA ke darzana karate haiM, ve puruSa phira nara-janma dhAraNa nahIM karate - NAsaggi abbhiMtarahaM, je jIvahi asriiru| bAhahi jammiNi saMbhavahi, pivahiM Na jaNaNI khIru / / 60 / / AtmA zarIra se rahita amUrtika hai| vaha indriyoM dvArA nahIM jAnA jaataa| mana bhI kevala vicAra kara sakatA hai| AtmA kA grahaNa AtmA ke hI dvArA hotA hai| bAharI sAdhana dhyAna kA abhyAsa hai| dohA saM.62 meM AcArya yogendu kA kathana hai - AtmA hI jJApaka hai, AtmA hI jJAna hai aura AtmA hI jJeya hai| isa jJAna se kaunasA phala nahIM milatA? AtmA ke jJAna-dhyAna se kevalajJAna, atIndriya Ananda aura zAzvata sukha kI prApti hotI hai| gItA meM kahA hai - ___ dhyAnAgni jJAnAgni vA sarvakarmANi bhasmasAt kurute kssnnH| jJAna dhyAna kI agni se saba prakAra ke karma bhasma ho jAte haiN| jo kevalajJAnI hone se loka-aloka donoM ko hastAmalakavat jAnate haiM aura jo parabhAvoM kI utpatti se rahita haiM aise supaNDita jo bhagavAn haiM, ve dhanya haiN| hama unheM zAzvata namana karate haiN| 64 / / jinhoMne AtmA ko jAnA hai usakA anubhava kiyA hai, ve yadi Atmasthita hokara rahate haiM to zIghra hI nirvANa ko prApta karate haiN| jo gRhastha ho yA muni, koI bhI ho, jo apanI AtmA ke bhItara vAsa karatA hai, vaha zIghra hI siddhi ke sukha ko prApta karatA hai| aisA jinendra deva ne kahA hai - sAgAru viNAgAru ku vi jo appaNi vsei| solahu dhAvai siddhi, suhu jiNavaruema bhnnei|| 65 / / Atma dhyAna para bala dete hue A. yogIndu deva kA upadeza hai - he jiiv| yadi tU akelA hI jAyegA, to parabhAva (rAga, dveSa, mohAdi) ko tyAga de| jJAnamaya AtmA kA dhyAna kara aura mokSa sukha ko prApta ho| ekkalau jaijAi sihito parabhAva crhi|| appA jhAyahi NANamahi tahu siva-sukkha lhehi|| 70 / / AtmA-dhyAna meM yaha manana kare ki jo jinendra paramAtmA haiM vaha maiM huuN| mokSa kA upAya yahI hai(75) 'pravacanasAra' meM AcArya kundakunda ne isI tathya ko udghATita kiyA hai - jo jANadi arahaMtaM, davvata guNatta pjjyNttehi| so jANadi appANaM, moho khalu jAdi layaM / / 80 / / jo arahaMta bhagavAnako dravya, guNa, paryAya svabhAva ke dvArA yathArtha rUpa se jAnatA hai vahI apanI AtmA ko pahicAnatA hai aura usake darzana moha mithyAtvabhAva dUra ho jAtA hai| jo rAga-dveSa-moha se rahita hokara, samyagdarzana jJAna cAritra sahita AtmA meM nivAsa karatA hai vaha avinAzI sukha kA bhAjana hai| dohA 78 / yaha AtmA mala rahita zuddha va mahAna paramAtmA hai| aisA zraddhAna samyagdarzana hai| aisA jAnanA so jJAna hai aura bAra-bAra AtmA kA cintavana pavitra cAritra 463

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hai| 84 / maiM para-dravya aura para-bhAvoM se pRthak eka zuddha AtmA huuN| isa prakAra cintana karatA huA, jo nijAtmA meM sthita hokara ramaNa karatA hai, vaha janma-maraNa se mukta ho siddhAlaya meM nivAsa karatA hai| jo jJAnI samatA sukha meM lIna hokara bAra-bAra AtmadhyAna meM saMlagna rahatA hai, vaha pUrva baddha karmoM kA kSaya karake mukti ko prApta hotA hai| 93 / / he jiiv| isa apane AtmA ko puruSAkAra pramANa, pavitra, guNoM kI khAna va nirmala teja se prakAzamAna dekhanA caahie| 94 / rAga-dveSa ke sampUrNa vikalpoM ko chor3akara jo Atma-dhyAna-cintana meM lIna rahate haiM, unheM parama samAdhi meM lIna kahA gayA hai| jaise maile vastra ko dhyAnapUrvaka ragar3ane se maila sApha ho jAtA hai, vaise hI yaha azuddha AtmA dhyAna-yoga se zuddha ho jAtA hai| yogasAra kA mUla pratipAdya Atma-darzana hai| etadartha granthakAra ne piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha evaM rUpAtIta dhyAnoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| dohA 98 / / maMtra vAkyoM kA cintana karanA padastha dhyAna hai| apane AtmA kA cintana piNDastha dhyAna hai| zuddha cidrUpa meM sthita arahaMta parameSThI kA smaraNa rUpastha dhyAna hai aura rUpa se rahita saMsArAtIta siddhaparameSThI kA dhyAna rUpAtIta dhyAna hai| inameM piNDastha dhyeya hai, zeSa dhyAnamArga hai| svAnubhava honA yA Atmastha rahanA hI sAmAyika hai| hiMsAdi pA~ca pApoM aura krodhAdi cAra kaSAyoM ko tyAga kara, jo nija AtmA ko jAnakara antarmukhI hokara dhyAna karate haiM, ve chedopasthApanA cAritra pAlate haiN| nizcayanaya se jisane AtmA kA anubhava kara liyA, usane pA~coM parameSThiyoM kA anubhava kara liyA - ye pA~coM pada AtmA kI vikasita avasthA ko hI diye gaye haiN| Atmadarzana tathA AtmajJAna se bar3A na koI tattva hai aura na drvy| AtmA svayaM apanA Izvara hai, niyAmaka hai| ata: vahI ekamAtra zaraNa hai| paJcaparameSThI isa AtmA ke hI vikasita zuddhAvasthA ke svarUpa haiN| jo paramasvarUpa AtmA meM avasthita hai, vahI parama iSTa hai| aura yahI puruSa-AtmA kA prAptavya hai| yoga-vijJAna meM darzana-jJAnacAritra kI akhaNDatA hai| cAritra hI sAre yogAbhyAsa kI carama pariNati hai| Atma yoga hI cAritra ko zuddha karatA hai| yahI dhyAna kA upAdeya hai| yahI mukti kA rAjamArga hai| yahI yogIndudeva kA mantavya hai| DaoN. premacandra jaina 'rAMvakA' jayapura nimitta-upAdAna : cintana ke kucha bindu darzana-jagata meM kAraNa-kArya vyavasthA hamezA se eka vimarSaNIya viSaya rahA hai| IzvaravAdI to isa jagata ko eka kArya mAnakara kAraNa kI khoja 'Izvara' taka kara DAlate haiN| jainadarzana meM kAraNa-kArya-mImAMsA para bahuta gaharA cintana kiyA hai| kAryotpatti meM pA~ca kAraNoM ke samavAya kI ghoSaNA karate hue jainAcArya vaijJAnikatA kA paricaya to dete hI haiM, sAtha hI 'para-akartRttva' ke siddhAnta kI puSTi bhI karate haiN| IsA kI dUsarI-tIsarI zatI ke mahAna AcArya siddhasena 'sanmatisUtra' meM likhate haiM - kAlo sahAva NiyaI puvvakayaM purisa kaarnnegNtaa| micchattaM te ceva u samAsao hoti sammattaM / / (3/53) isameM kAla, svabhAva, niyati, nimitta (pUrvakRta Adi) aura puruSArtha- ina pA~coM ke samavAya se kisI kArya kI utpatti hotI hai- yaha svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| ina pA~coM meM se kisI eka kAraNa ko hI kAraNa mAna lenA ekAMta hai, mithyAtva hai| pA~coM ko barAbara mahattva dekara unheM kAraNa mAnanA anekAnta hai, samyaktva hai| paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnandajI munirAja prAyaH eka vAkya anekAnta-syAdvAda dRSTi se kahate haiM- 'nimitta kucha karatA nahIM, nimitta ke binA kucha hotA nhiiN|' yaha vAkya hameM vastu-svabhAva samajhAne kA prayAsa kara rahA hai| maiM mAnatA hU~ jo yaha kahatA hai ki nimitta se kucha nahIM hotA- vaha jainadarzana ko nahIM jAnatA aura jo yaha kahatA hai ki nimitta hI saba kucha karatA hai, vaha bhI jaina darzana ko nahIM jaantaa| yahA~ dhairya se samajhane kI AvazyakatA hai| pratyeka dravya kA apanA-apanA upAdAna hotA hai| upAdAna meM zakti na ho- kSamatA, yogyatA na ho to lAkhoM-karor3oM nimitta bhI mila jAye, A jAye to bhI dravya ko apane anurUpa pariNamA nahIM skte| isIlie kahA gayA ki 'nimitta kucha karatA nhiiN'| dUsarI tarapha upAdAna meM kitanI hI sAmarthya ho yadi nimitta upasthita nahIM hai to vaha pariNamana kara hI nahIM sktaa| isIlie kahA hai ki- 'nimitta ke binA kucha hotA nhiiN'| ye 464

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donoM bAteM sahI haiN| hameM anekAnta dRSTi se vicAra karanA caahie| vartamAna meM samAja meM do taraha ke loga dikhAI de rahe haiM jo apanI ruci aura priyatA ke kAraNa kisI eka ko hI sarvAdhika mahattva dete haiN| ve do taraha ke loga nimna prakAra se haiM - 1. nimitta priya loga, 2 upAdAna priya loga 1. nimitta priya loga ye vo loga haiM jinheM nimitta ke gIta gAne meM Ananda AtA hai| majabUrI meM ye 'upAdAna' kI hA~ to bharate haiM, para usa para jyAdA dhyAna nahIM dete, bAharI kriyA-kANDoM se hI kalyANa mAnane ke kAraNa rAta-dina usI meM magna rahate haiM, AtmA kI zuddhatA aura upAdAna kI tarapha dekhane yA vicAra karane kA samaya hI nahIM nikAla pAte haiN| 2. upAdAna priya loga ye vo loga haiM jo bAhya kriyAkANDoM meM AlasI hote haiM aura upAdAna ke hI gIta gAkara nimitta ko jyAdA mahattva nahIM dete| kaI zAstra-pramANa dene para nimitta kA niSedha to nahIM kara pAte haiM kintu upAdAna ke Age use kucha khAsa nahIM samajhate haiN| kaI bAra to atireka meM 'nimitta' kI sattA taka ko cunautI de DAlate haiN| hama apanI nijI priyatA-apriyatA ke kAraNa ruci-aruci ke kAraNa hI vastu kA jo mUla svabhAva hai vaha samajha nahIM pAte haiN| usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki manuSya svabhAva se karmazIla hotA hai aura hama kyA kareM? kI har3abar3I vAlI jida use pahale hama kyA va kaise jAneM, samajheM? se kosoM dUra kara detI hai| yadi hama kucha samaya ke lie kyA kareM ? vAlI kartRtva bhAvanA Adi ko dUra kara deM aura pahale siddhAnta kI aura usakI nirUpaNa zailI ko samajhane kI koziza kareM to zAyada kyA kareM? kA samAdhAna mila sakatA hai| svayaMbhUstotra meM AcArya samantabhadra ne 'anekAntopyanekAntaH' kahakara 'anekAnta' ko bhI anekAnta svarUpa batalAyA hai| nimitta aura upAdAna ina donoM ko svIkAranA anekAnta dRSTi hai aura kisI eka ko hI mAnakara dUsare kA sarvathA niSedha kara denA, ekAnta dRSTi hai| yaha to sahI hai, para akele nimitta meM bhI ekAnta aura anekAnta donoM ghaTita ho sakate haiM, aura akele upAdAna meM bhI, dhairya ke sAtha thor3A gaharAI meM jAyeM to zAyada koI naI bAta samajha meM A jaaye| nimitta sambandhI anekAnta - jo anekAnta kI 'asti-nAsti' vAlI syAdAda-saptabhaGgI ko jAnate haiM ve vicAra kareM ki nimitta aura upAdAna- ye donoM bhinna-bhinna padArtha haiM, ataH - (1) donoM padArtha apane-apane svarUpa se asti rUpa haiM aura dUsare ke svarUpa se nAsti rUpa haiN| (2) ata: nimitta sva-rUpa se astirUpa hai aura para-rUpa se nAsti rUpa hai| (3) ata: upAdAna meM nimitta kA abhAva hai, isa apekSA se upAdAna meM nimitta kucha nahIM kara sktaa| nimitta nimitta kA kArya karatA hai, upAdAna kA kArya nahIM karatA, yaha nimitta kA anekAnta svarUpa hai| isa mAdhyama se nimitta kA yathArtha jJAna ho sakatA hai| nimitta-sambandhI ekAnta - yadi koI mAne upAdAna upAdAna kA kArya bhI karatA hai aura upAdAna nimitta kA kArya bhI karatA hai to isakA artha yaha huA ki nimitta apane rUpa se asti rUpa hai aura para rUpa se bhI astirUpa hai| aisA mAnanA ekAnta haiN| niSkarSa yaha hai ki sabase pahale hama nimitta aura upAdAna ina donoM kI hI svayaM meM pRthak-pRthak pUrNa svataMtra sattA samajha leM, phira ina donoM ke ApasI sambandhoM kA vicAra kreN| itanA samajha lene para hI kucha samAdhAna kI tarapha Age bar3ha sakate haiN| niSkarSa - maiM mAnatA hU~- ina tathyoM ko samajhane ke lie Agraha-rahita atyanta dhairya kI AvazyakatA hai| nimitta upAdAna meM kucha karatA hai yA nahIM? ye donoM hI bAteM cintana-sApekSa haiM, dArzanika dRSTi to yahI hai ki nimitta kI upasthiti anivArya hai, kintu AdhyAtmika dRSTi ke apane alaga mApadaNDa haiN| adhyAtma meM sUkSmAtisUkSma cintana karake jIva apane pauruSa ko pUrNa svatantra dekhatA hai| parama zuddha svarUpa hokara nimitta kA muhatAja nahIM hai| zuddha dravya kI saccAI yaha hai ki nimitta kA 465

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niSedha nahIM varan usakA svarUpa samajhakara usakI gulAmI se inkAra kara denaa| kathana to yahAM taka hai ki nimitta svata: anukUla pariNamana kareMge, kintu tabhI jaba dRSTi svabhAvasanmukha hogii| nimitta kI sattA ko svIkAranA kintu isa svIkArokti meM upAdana kI svataMtratA ko parAdhIna kara denA, sambhavataH nyAya nhiiN| yahI apekSA samayasAra ko bhI dRSTipradhAna grantha ke rUpa meM mAnyatA detI hai| jarA soceM! dravya meM kisa samaya pariNamana nahIM hai? jagata meM kisa samaya nimitta nahIM hai? hamAre mAnane yA na mAnane se vastu-sthiti to badalatI nahIM hai| spaSTa hai ki jagata ke pratyeka dravya meM prati samaya pariNamana ho hI rahA hai aura nimitta bhI sadaiva hotA hI hai, taba phira cintana kareM ki isa nimitta ke kAraNa yaha huA- yaha bAta kahAM taka TikatI hai? aura nimita na ho to nahIM ho sakatA, yaha prazna bhI kahA~ taka TikatA hai? yahA~ kArya hone meM aura nimitta hone meM kahIM bhI samayabheda nahIM hai| yahA~ nimitta kA astitva kabhI bhI naimittika kArya kI parAdhInatA nahIM batalAtA hai| vaha mAtra apanI apekSA naimittika kArya ko prakaTa karatA hai, jaise- pUchA jAya ki nimitta kisakA? taba uttara diyA jAyegA ki jo naimittika kArya huA uskaa| yaha saba bAteM dRSTi kI haiN| hama saMyogI dRSTi se bhI dekha sakate haiM, viyogI dRSTi se bhii| anekAnta kA AdhyAtmika dRSTikoNa yaha hai ki vahA~ mukhyataH gauNatA kA cintana upAdeyatA aura heyatA ke rUpa meM hone lagatA hai| yahA~ AtmAnubhava kI prabala vidheyAtmakatA se zeSa samasta bandhana svarUpa pratIta hone vAle tattvoM ke prati niSedhAtmaka dRSTikoNa kI utpatti kA sahaja kAraNa bana jAtI hai| siddhAnta tathA zAstrIyatA kA sahArA lekara vastusvarUpa ko to yahA~ bhI samajhA jAtA hai, kintu usameM se AtmArAdhanA meM jo sAdhaka tattva haiM unako upAdeya tathA zeSa anya ko heya batalAyA jAtA hai| isa kSetra meM sAra-sAra ko gahi lahe, thothA dei ur3Aya vAlI sUkti kA sahArA liyA jAtA hai| yahA~ jise heya karanA hai, atireka meM usake prati niSedha kI bhASA bhI mukharita hone lagatI hai jo vivAda utpanna karatI haiN| putra kI dhRSTatA se ruSTa pitA use 'tU mere lie mara gayA' taka kaha dete haiN| yahA~ mAtra dRSTi-parivartana artha hai, vastu-parivartana nhiiN| isI prakAra AdhyAtmika dRSTi kA kathana 'nimitta kucha nahIM karatA' kA bhI abhiprAya samajhanA cAhie ki nimitta mere lie kucha nhiiN| vyavahAra jhUThA, jagata mithyA jaise vAkya mAtra dRSTi- parivartana kI apekSA se kahe jAte haiM, vastuparivartana kI apekSA se nhiiN| adhyAtma meM bhI nimittAdhIna dRSTi kA niSedha hai, nimitta kA nahIM ! nimitta ko kartA kahA jAtA hai, kyoMki bhASA aksara kartRttva vAlI hotI hai, kintu yaha vyavahAra hai| vAstava meM vaha sirpha uparithati ke zAzvata niyama ke kAraNa AropI bana jAtA hai yA hamAre dvArA mAna liyA jAtA hai ki yaha bhI eka sApekSa satya hI hai| vastu-sthiti kyA hai? nimitta svataMtra hai, vaha apanA kArya karatA hai| upAdAna svataMtra hai, vaha bhI apanA kArya karatA hai| donoM eka sAtha rahate haiM aura apanA-apanA kAma samaya para karate haiN| donoM padArtha eka-dUsare ke lie pariNamana nahIM kara rahe haiM, mAtra paraspara upakAra kara rahe haiN| upakAra kA artha hamezA kartA nahIM hotA hai| dikhAI kyA detA hai? nimitta upAdAna ko pariNamA rahA hai, upAdAna nimitta ko pariNamA rahA hai| donoM eka-dUsare ke binA jI nahIM sakate- yaha zAzvata niyama hai| nimittapriya loga sirpha nimitta ko dekhate haiM to unheM dikhAI detA hai ki nimitta cAhe to kucha bhI badala de, upAdAna to nimittAdhIna hai| upAdAnapriya loga sirpha upAdAna ko dekhate haiM to unheM dikhAI detA hai ki upAdAna nimitta ko pariNamA detA hai, ata: vahI balavAna hai, nimitta to usakA naukara hai, isalie nimitta to upAdAna ke AdhIna hama vo mAnate haiM jo dikhAI detA hai| samyagdRSTi manuSya donoM ko sirpha dekhatA hai, para mAnatA vaha hai jo vastusthiti hai| DaoN. anekAnta kumAra jaina adhyakSa-jainadarzana, zrI lA.ba.zA.rA.saMskRtavidyApITha, naI dillii| 466

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'ahiMsA' mahAvrata : pratipAdya dharma kA mukhya svarUpa hai 'sadAcAra' / 'sat' kA artha hai acchaa| acchA yAnI niyata meM acchaa| niyata kharAba to usakA AcAra bhI Upara se acchA dikhane para bhI acchA nhiiN| niyata kaisI hai yaha kevala AcAra-pAlana karane vAle kI antarAtmA hI jAna sakatI hai| duryodhana kI niyata sApha nahIM thI, nahIM to vaha kuTila mAmA zakuni se dyUta (juA) meM chala na kraataa| isalie usakA AcaraNa chala yAnI satya se ulTA thaa| usameM bhI kAraNa thA 'kaambhaav'| kAma yAnI caah| rAjya kI caah| zakuni ke pAze duryodhana ke pakSa meM hI par3e, yaha to bhISma ne bhI dekhA aura droNa ne bhI, kintu yaha kisI ne nahIM dekhA ki pAze kUTa pAze the| unakA prayoga chala se bharA thA, tathApi usa krIDA ko bhI kSatriyadharma hI samajhA gyaa| galatI para galatI hotI gaI aura nIcatA kI hada ho gaI jaba rAjasabhA meM draupadI ke vastra haTAne kA adhikAra ThaharAyA gayA, ThaharAne vAle the bhISma aura dronn| pariNati atyanta nindanIya aura atIva lajjAspada rhii| arjuna ne kSAtradharma meM krUratA dekhI aura usake kAraNa mahAbhArata yuddha meM hone vAle narasaMhAra kI jo bhaviSyavANI gItA ke prathama adhyAya meM kI thI, vahI satya huii| itane narasaMhAra ko hiMsA kA tANDava hI kahA jaaegaa| hiMsA hiMsaka ko bhI khAtI hI hai / viSadhara sarpa kA ghAtaka viSa sapere ke lie bhI viSa hI ThaharatA hai| hiMsA hotI hai droha nAmaka cittavRtti se| ata: kahA gayA- adroha hai ahiNsaa| droha mAnas dharma hai, ata: yadi mana meM droha aGkurita huA to vaha bar3hegA hI aura hiMsA meM bhI pariNata hogaa| maharSi pataJjali ne mAnasika hiMsA ko bhI hiMsA nAmaka prAyazcittIya pAtaka (pApa) mAnA aura likhA sarvathA anabhidroha hai ahiNsaa| hiMsA meM vadha kI hI gaNanA nahIM, vadha ke saMkalpa kI bhI ginatI hai| hiMsA meM kisI kI bhI hiMsA na karane kA pratibandha hai-sarvathA, sarvadA, sarvabhUtA'nabhidrohaH ahiMsA (pAtaJjala yogshaastr)| tattvArthasUtra meM jaina dharma dvArA mAnya ahiMsAvrata kA bhI yahI rUpa hai| jainazAstra tattvArthasUtra ke sAtaveM adhyAya meM ahiMsA ko eka vrata kahA gayA hiMsA'nRta-steyAbrahmaparigrahebhyo virtivrtm||7|| ahiMsA ke lakSaNa ko tattvArthasUtrakAra ne isa prakAra apanAyA aura Age likhA- jantu aNu bhI hote haiM aura mahat bhii| deza aura kAla kI dRSTi se AegA aNutva yA mahattva / ahiMsA vrata meM sarvathA aura sarvadA vizeSaNoM se hiMsA ke sabhI prakAra apanA lie ge| upAya bhI batalAyA ki hiMsA se kaise bacA jaae| likhA isake lie karanA cAhie bhAvanA1. sabhI jIva mere mitra aura hitakArI bandhu haiM, unake prati karuNA kA bhAva rakhanA cAhie aura unake sAtha saGgharSa se dUra rahanA caahie| 2. yaha bhI socanA cAhie ki hiMsA se pApa hogA aura vaha paraloka meM yAtanAkArI hogaa| tattvArthasUtra meM pA~ca prakAra kI etadartha bhAvanAyeM batalAI haiM -hiMsA kA artha bhI tattvArthasUtra meM diyA-pramattayogAt prANavyaparopaNaM hiMsA / / 7.8 // 'Avega se aviveka meM DUbane se hotI hai hatyA, yAnI kisI ke prANoM kI samApti / isa prakAra ke aviveka kA avasara na Ae, isake lie bhAvanA karanI cAhie ki adhika lAbha ho bhI gayA, to kyA? hai to yaha nazvara hii| svayaM bhoktA bhI nazvara hai| bhAvanAe~ pA~ca pA~ca prakAra kI haiN| jaina vyAkhyAkAroM ne isakI vyAkhyA meM kalama tor3a dii| siddhasena divAkara ne pA~ca prakAra kI pA~ca pA~ca caryA batalAI - (1) vAGmanoguptIryAdAna-nikSepaNa-samityAlokita-pAnabhojanAdIni pnyc| (2) krodha-lobha-bhIrutva-hAsya-pratyAkhyAnAnyanuvIcibhASaNaJca pnyc| (3) zUnyAgAravimocitAvAsa-paropakArodyAkAraNa-bhaikSyazuddhi-saddharmA'visaMvAdAzca pnyc| (4) strIrogakathAzravaNa-tanmanoharAGganirIkSaNapUrvaratA'nusmaraNa-vRSyeSTarasa-sva-zarIra-saMskAratyAgAH pnyc| (5) manojJA-manojJendriyaviSaya-rAga-dveSa-varjanAni pnyc| 467

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(sarvArthasiddhi, rAjavArtika 7.3 ke vyAkhyAna / ) isa prakAra 'ahiMsA', eka sAmAjika saGgaThana kA prathama sopAna hai, isa viSaya para vaidika yogazAstra tathA jaina tattvArthacintana ekamata siddha hai| donoM AcArya atiprAcIna haiN| pro. revAprasAda dvivedI pUrva DIna, saMskRtavidyA dharmavijJAna saMkAya, imeriTasa prophesara, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya kAzI cAra jaina tIrthaGkaroM kI janmabhUmi kAzI sarvadharma samabhAva kI nagarI hai| yahA~ vaidika dharmoM meM zaiva, vaiSNava, zAkta ke atirikta jaina, bauddha Adi dharmoM ke anuyAyiyoM ke sAtha bhakti sampradAya kI santa paramparA meM kabIradAsa, tulasIdAsa, ravidAsa, kInArAma Adi aneka santa bhI hue| inhIM meM hI jaina paramparA ke aneka tIrthaGkaroM kA kAzI se sambandha rhaa| 24 meM se cAra tIrthaGkaroM kA kAzI tathA kAzI ke samIpavartI kSetra meM AvirbhAva ke lie huaa| jaina dharma meM caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM kI upAsanA suprasiddha hai| isameM prathama tIrthaGkara haiM bhagavAn RSabhadeva tathA caubIsaveM tIrthaGkara haiM mahAvIra svaamii| prathama tIrthaGkara RSabhadeva kA janma ayodhyA meM huA thA tathA caubIsaveM tIrthaGkara kA vaizAlI ke kuMDagrAma meN| RSabhadeva jI kA cihna hai baila aura mahAvIra svAmI kA siNh| hindU devIdevatAoM ke samAna pratyeka tIrthaGkara kA apanA svatantra cihna mAnA gayA hai jo pazu, pakSI, puSpa, matsya, zaMkha, svastika ityAdi ke rUpa meM aGkita hai| tIrtha ke nirmAtA ko tIrthaGkara kahA jAtA hai- tarati pApAdikaM yasmAt tat tIrtham - jisase saMsAra samudra yA pApAdi ko pAra kiyA jAya usako tIrtha kahA jAtA hai aura isa prakAra ke tIrtha ke upadeSTA ko tIrthaGkara / saMsAra sAgara ko svayaM pAra karane vAle tathA dUsaroM ko pAra karAne vAle mahApuruSa tIrthaGkara kahalAte haiN| jaina dharma ke tIrthaGkaroM kI janmabhUmi ko atyanta pavitra mAnA gayA hai| jaina dharmAvalambI ina sthAnoM para jAkara puNya lAbha karate haiN| kAzI kSetra kA jaina dharma ke sAtha viziSTa sambandha hai kyoMki caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM meM se cAra tIrthaGkaroM kA janma kAzI tathA kAzI ke pAsa ke kSetra meM huaa| caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM meM sAtaveM tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha, AThaveM tIrthaGkara candraprabha, gyArahaveM tIrthaGkara zreyAMsanAtha tathA teisaveM tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha kI janmasthalI hone kA saubhAgya kAzI tIrtha ko prApta hai| 1. tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha- jaina paramparA meM sAtaveM tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha kA janma kAzI meM gaGgA taTa para sthita bhadravanI (bhadainI) meM huA thaa| Apa ikSvAkuvaMzIya mahArAjA supratiSTha ke putra the| inakI janmabhUmi meM do digambara tathA eka zvetAmbara paramparA ke bhavya maMdira bane hue haiN| bhadainI ke samIpa sthita gaGgAtaTa ke ghATa ko jaina ghATa kahA jAtA hai| yahA~ para mukhya rUpa se jaina zAstroM tathA jaina dharma se jur3e granthoM ke adhyayana tathA adhyApana hetu syAdavAda mahAvidyAlaya vigata sau varSoM se bhI adhika samaya se cala rahA hai| tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha ke tIna/cAra kalyANaka - garbha, janma, tapa aura jJAna kAzI tIrtha meM sampanna hue| jaina dharma meM jJAna ke pA~ca bheda haiM- mati, zruta, avadhi, mana:paryAya aura kevljnyaan| inameM se pUrvokta jJAna ke tIna bheda - mati, zruta aura avadhi inameM janma se hI upasthita the| ApakA cihna hai svstik| inakI pratimAoM meM pA~ca phaNoM vAle sarpa ko bhI kahIM-kahIM aGkita kiyA gayA hai| jabaki tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha kI pratimAoM meM sAta phaNoM vAle nAga kA aGkana milatA hai| supArzvanAtha ne apanI kula paramparA se rAjya prApta kiyA tathA usakA sucAru rUpa se saJcAlana kiyaa| apane samasta saMsArika dAyitvoM ko acchI prakAra se nibhAte hue eka saphala gRhastha jIvana vyatIta kiyaa| jIvana kI tRtIya avasthA meM supArzvanAtha jI ko vairAgya kI prApti ho gii| unhoMne apane zAsakIya dAyitva ko apane putra ko saupa diyA aura jyeSTha zukla dvAdazI ko munidIkSA grahaNa kii| saMyama sAdhanApUrvaka AtmakalyANa kI prApti ke anantara Apane aneka prANiyoM ke kalyANa kI kAmanA se 'samavazaraNa' nAmaka dharmasabhA se dezanA (upadeza) prArambha kii| kAzI, kozala, mathurA, magadha Adi pramukha gaNarAjyoM meM pracAra kiyaa| tattvopadeza tathA aneka maGgalakArI kAryoM dvArA sarvAdhika lokapriya hue aura Apane aneka jaina mandiroM meM pratimAe~ sthApita kraayiiN| jaina dharma ke siddhAntoM kA upadeza karane ke krama meM aneka mokSAbhilASI jana Apake anuyAyI bne| hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM muni, AryikAe~, zrAvaka tathA zrAvikAe~ Apake anunAyI banate cale ge| inake 95 gaNadhara the| 300I0 ke jaina muni samantabhadra kI stuti ke anusAra Apa sabhI tattvoM kA prAmANika jJAna rakhane vAle muni haiN| Apa hitopadeza karate hue mAtA ke samAna prajAjanoM kI rakSA karate rhe| 468

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Apane guNavAn vyaktiyoM ko netRtva pradAna kiyaa| aise ApakA hamAre dvArA bhaktipUrvaka stavana kiyA jAtA hai - sarvasya tattvasya bhavAn pramAtA, mAteva bAlasya hitaanushaastaa| guNAvalokasya janasya netA, mayApi bhaktyA prinnuuyte'dy|| jIvana ke antima samaya meM tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha bihAra rAjya ke hajArIbAga jile meM sthita sammedazikhara para pahu~ca phAlguna mAsa ke kRSNa pakSa kI saptamI tithi ko vizAkhA nakSatra meM nirvANa ko prApta hue| 2. tIrthaGkara candraprabha- jaina dharma ke tIrthaGkaroM kI paramparA meM AThaveM tIrthaGkara hue candraprabha jI, jinakA cihna candramA hai| pauSamAsa ke kRSNapakSa kI ekAdazI ke dina ApakA janma huaa| vArANasI janapada meM gaGgATata para candrapura meM ApakI janmasthalI hai jo vartamAna meM candrAvatI candaulI jile ke antargata AtI hai| isake anya nAma candrAnana yA candramAdhava bhI Apake pitA candrapura ke ikSvAkuvaMzIya kazyapagotrIya mahArAja mahAsena the| tIrthaGkara supArzvanAtha ke samAna gRhastha jIvana vyatIta kara Apa munidIkSA kI ora unmukha hue| apane pitA se sampUrNa rAjya kA dAyitva uttarAdhikAra meM prApta kara rAjya kA sucAru rUpa se saMcAlana kiyaa| vivAha ke anantara Apako putra kI prApti huii| rAjya ke parityAga ke pUrva apane samasta sAMsArika dAyitvoM kA pUrI jimmedArI ke sAtha nirvAha kiyaa| Apa antarmana se vairAgya sampanna hI rhe| bhautika saMsAra, pAMcabhautika zarIra aura sAMsArika sukhopabhoga kI kSaNabhaGguratA kA AbhAsa hone para Apako parama vairAgya kI prApti huI aura parama vairAgya kI isa avasthA meM sampUrNa rAjya kA parityAga kara diyaa| munidIkSA prApta karane ke uparAnta Apane prajAjanoM se kahA - vaha sukha hI kyA jo apanI AtmA se utpanna na ho| vaha lakSmI hI kyA jo caJcala ho| vaha yauvana hI kyA jo naSTa ho jAne vAlA ho| candraprabha pahAr3I para ekamAha taka pratimAyoga dhAraNa karane ke bAda phAlguna kRSNa saptamI tithi ko jyeSThA nakSatra meM mokSa huaa| Apake yakSa aura yakSI kA nAma kramazaH vijaya yA zyAma aura jvAlAmAlinI hai| ApakI janmabhUmi para do jaina mandira sthita haiM jinameM se eka digambara aura dUsarA zvetAmbara jaina paramparA se sambandhita hai|svaamii samantabhadrAcArya ne apane svayambhU stotra meM ApakA varNana karate hue kahA hai - candraprabhaM candramarIcigauraM candraM dvitIyaM jagatIva kaantN| vande'bhivandhaM mahatAM RSIndraM jinaM jitsvaantkssaaybndhm|| candramA kI gaura varNa kI kiraNoM ke samAna gauravarNa, pRthvI para vicaraNa karane vAle dvitIya candramA ke samAna prasannamanA, muniyoM, siddhoM tathA mahAtmAoM ke dvArA bandanIya, RSiyoM meM zreSTha, samasta karmabandhanoM ke vinAzaka, antaraGga ke kAluSyoM ko vaza meM kara lene vAle bhagavAn candraprabha ko hama praNAma karate haiN| yaH sarvaloke parameSThitAyAH padaM bbhuuvaadbhutkrmtejaaH| anantadhAmAkSaravizvacakSuH smstduHkhkssyshaasnaashc|| sampUrNa vizva meM tIrthaGkara candraprabha ne jIvana ke sarvocca Adarza ko sthApita kiyaa| unhoMne satya kI divya jyoti arjita kii| ve adbhuta karma aura prakAza se sampanna rhe| unhoMne ananta zakti ke srota kevalajJAna ko prApta kiyaa| unake upadezoM meM prANimAtra ke samasta duHkhoM ko samApta karane kA sAmarthya rhaa| aise candraprabha jinendra merI mati ko bhI zuddha kreN| 3. tIrthaGkara zreyAMsanAtha- ApakA janma vArANasI ke samIpa sthita sAranAtha (siMhapura) meM huA thA jo bauddha dharma kA suprasiddha tIrtha hai| ApakA cihna hai gaiNddaa| Apake pitA ikSvAkuvaMzIya mahArAja viSNu the aura mAtA nndaa| ApakA janma phAlguna mAsa ke kRSNa pakSa kI ekAdazI ko huA thaa| munidIkSA prApta karane ke pUrva Apane gRhastha Azrama ke apane samasta sAMsArika dAyitvoM kA pUrA kiyaa| apane pitA se uttarAdhikAra ke rUpa meM rAjakIya vaibhava tathA suzAsana ko prApta kara Apane 42 varSoM taka zAsana kiyaa| Apake suzAsana meM prajA sukhI aura samRddha rhii| vivAha ke uparAnta putraprApti aura usa yogya putra ko suzAsana sauMpa kara Apa pravrajyA para nikala pdd'e| pratikSaNa RtuoM ke rUpa meM pratyakSa gocara kAla meM hone vAle parivartanoM ko dekha inake citta meM vicAra AyA ki kucha bhI sthAyI yA nitya nahIM hai| anitya padArthoM ke bhoga meM nirantara Asakta rahane vAlA prANI svayaM ke astittva ko bhI 469

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anityatA kI ora le jAtA hai aura vinAza ko prApta hotA hai| vairAgya kI isa avasthA meM zreyAMsanAtha jI ne mAnA ki yathArthataH samasta saMsAra vinAzazIla hai ataH isase Asakti ko dUra karanA hI ucita hogaa| ve parama vairAgya kI avasthA ko prApta ho gae aura unhoMne ekamAtra mokSapada ko anazvara mAnA jisakI prApti munidIkSA se hI sambhava thii| unhoMne apane sampUrNa rAjya ke suzAsana ko apane yogya putra zreyaskara ko uttarAdhikAra meM sauMpa diyaa| zreyAMsanAtha jI ko matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna janma se hI prApta the jo jIvana kI eka avasthA meM pahu~cane para unameM parama vairAgya kI utpatti ke kAraNa bne| unhoMne samasta sAMsArika bandhanoM yA mohamAyA kA pUrNataH parityAga kara munidIkSA grahaNa kara lii| munidIkSA grahaNa karate hI unako manaHparyAyajJAna prApta huA aura usake do varSa bAda zrAvaNa mAsa kI pUrNimA tithi para kevalyajJAna kI prApti huii| kevalyajJAna kI prApti ke pUrva Apa hajArIbAga jile meM sthita sammeda zikhara para pahu~ca vahIM samAdhistha ho ge| apane samasta karmoM ko samAdhi kI isa avasthA meM samApta kara svayaM ko punarjanma ke kAraNoM se mukta kiyA aura eka mahine taka yogasAdhanA karate hue kevalyajJAna ko prApta kara pAMcabhautika zarIra kA parityAga kiyaa| isa samAdhi prApti ke avasara ko jaina dharmAvalambI mokSakalyANaka ke rUpa meM pUrNa zraddhA aura utsAha se manAte haiN| ApakA vizAla mandira vArANasI ke samIpa bhagavAna buddha kI tapaHsthalI sAranAtha meM dhamekha stUpa ke bagala meM sthita hai| bauddha dharma ke sarvocca tIrtha sAranAtha meM sthita ApakA mandira kAzI meM dhArmika samanvaya kA abhUtapUrva sandeza detA hai| AcArya samantabhadra ne bhagavAn zreyAMsanAtha kI stuti karate hue kahA hai - zreyAn jinaH zreyasi varmanImAH zreyaH prajA zAsadajeyavAkyaH / bhavAMzcakAze bhuvanatraye'sminneko yathA vItaghano vivsvaan|| bAdaloM se rahita sUrya ke samAna tejasvI zreyAMsanAtha kalyANa ke mArga para nirantara gatizIla rahate hue tInoM lokoM meM suzobhita ho rahe haiN| Apa sabhI prakAra ke zatruoM ke vinAzaka haiN| Apane prajAjanoM ke citta para zAsana kiyA apane ajeya upadezavAkyoM se| 4. tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha - caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM kI mahAn paramparA meM vardhamAna mahAvIra ke AvirbhAva ke 200 varSa pUrva teisaveM tIrthaGkara ke rUpa meM avatAra huA pArzvanAtha jI kA, kAzI ke madhya meM sthita bhelUpura kSetra meN| ApakA cihna sarpa (nAga) hai| Apake pitA the ugravaMzIya kSatriya mahArAja azvasena yA vishvsen| ApakI mAtA thI vaamaadevii| vaizAkha mAsa ke kRSNa pakSa kI dvitIyA ke dina vizAkhA nakSatra meM rAtri ke antima prahara meM mAtA vAmAdevI ko 16 mAMgalika lakSaNoM kA svapna huaa| mAtA ne pArzvanAtha ke pUrvajanma Anatendra kI AtmA ko apane andara dhAraNa kiyaa| Anata svarga se nau mahine garbha meM rahane ke uparAnta pauSa mAsa ke kRSNa pakSa kI ekAdazI ke dina mAtA vAmAdevI ne eka bAlaka ko janma diyaa| usa samaya anila yoga thA aura nakSatra thA vizAkhA / yahI bAlaka bAda meM tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha ke rUpa meM pratiSThita huaa| bAlaka pArzvanAtha ne apane jIvanakAla ke 30 varSa kI avasthA taka brahmacarya vrata kA pAlana kiyA aura pauSa mAsa ke kRSNa pakSa kI ekAdazI ke dina 300 rAjAoM ke sAtha munidIkSA ko prApta kara ge| tapazcaryA ke mArga para aneka samasyAe~ AyIM parantu ve avicalita rahe taba taka jaba taka ki unako kevalajJAna kI prApti nahIM ho gyii| Apane kAzI, kozala, pAMcAla, magadha, avantI, aGga, baGga, kaliGga Adi janapadoM meM vyApaka rUpa se bhramaNa karate hue jaina dharma ke siddhAntoM kA pracAra kiyaa| ApakA pradhAna uddezya thA sAMsArika kaSToM se AkrAnta janamAnasa ko AtmakalyANa kI ora prerita krnaa| Apake andara jana-jana ke kalyANa kI bhAvanA kUTa kUTa kara bharI huI thii| Apane jaina dharma ke anusAra janakalyANa ke lie sthApita kie gae ahiMsA, satya, Adi ke mahattvapUrNa siddhAntoM kA pracAra kiyaa| dharmAndhatA, pAkhaMDa, U~ca-nIca kI bhAvanA kA niSedha karate hue inako samAja ke ekIkaraNa tathA usakI unnati meM bAdhaka mAna tyAjya maanaa| kAzI meM janma lene vAle tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha jI ko bihAra ke hajArIbAga meM sthita sammeda zikhara para pratimAyoga se mokSa yA nirvANa kI prApti huii| isake pUrva unhoMne samAdhi kI avasthA ko prApta kara apane samasta karmoM ko vinAza kiyaa| ApakI pahacAna hai saptaphaNAvalI (nava tathA sahasra phaNAliyA~) aura pAdapITha ke madhya srpcihn| ApakI Aja upalabdha adhikAMza mUrtiyoM meM ye cihna aGkita prApta hote haiN| inase tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha kI pahacAna hotI hai| vaidika vAGmaya ke pradhAna grantha upaniSadoM ke AdhyAtmika cintana kI pradhAnatA meM tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha kA kAphI prabhAva rahA hai| kAzI ke 470