Anekant 2005 Book 58 Ank 01 to 04

Author(s): Jaikumar Jain
Publisher: Veer Seva Mandir Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/538058/1

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58/1-2 anekAnta pha Rayala

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vIra sevA maMdira anekAnta kA traimAsika pravartaka : A. jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' isa aMka meM varSa-58, kiraNa-1-20 kahA~/kyA? janavarI-jUna 2005 / adhyAtma-pada - kavivara dhAnatarAya / sampAdaka: 2 sampAdakIya 3 pAThakIya abhimata DaoN. jayakumAra jaina 4 kyA Agama kA AdhAra kivadantI ho sakatI hai| ___429. paTela nagara -padamacandra zAstrI 8 mujaphpharanagara (u.pra.) 5 samIdhara kundakunda DaoN nadalAla jaina / phona: (0131) 2603730 6. ralakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra kA samIkSAtmaka anuzIlana parAmarzadAtA : -DoM kamaleza kumAra jaina 161 paM. padmacandra zAstrI 7 AcArya pUjyapAda aura unakA iSTopadeza -DaoN narendra kumAra jena 36 | sasthA kI 8 prAcIna saskRta sAhitya meM pratibimbita rAjadharma AjIvana sadasyatA siddhAnta eva vyavahAra -DaoN mukaza basala 45 1100/9 sallekhanA pUrvaka samAdhimaraNa vArSika zulka ___-pa sanatakumAra, vinodakumAra jaina 51 30/10 zrAvaka sAdhanA kI sITiyA pratimAe~ -DaoN zreyAmakumAra jena / / / ima aka kA mUlya 11 gAgarona kI prAcIna, aprakAzita jaina pratimAye 10/ -lalita zarmA 72 sadasyo va madiro ke 12. bhagavAna mahAvIra aura parigraha parimANa vrata lie ni zulka -DaoN murendrakumAra jaina 75 | 13 Agama kI kasauTI para premI jI -DaoN zreyAsakamAra jaina 87 prakAzaka: 14 pacAsa varSa pUrva bhAratabhUSaNa jaina, eDavokaTa bhAratIya itihAsa kA jaina yuga -DaoN jyotipramAda jena 98 15 pustaka samIkSA -jamanAlAla jaina 120 mudraka . 16. Adarza sampAdaka zrI ajita prasAda sajIva 'lalita' 121 mAsTara priTarsa, dillI-32 . vizeSa sUcanA : vidvAn lekhaka apane vicAro ke lie svatantra hai| yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki sampAdaka unake vicAro se sahamata ho| vIra sevA maMdira (jaina darzana zodha sasthAna) 21, dariyAgaja, naI dillI -110002, dUrabhASa : 23250522 sasthA ko dI gaI sahAyatA rAzi para dhArA 80-jI ke atargata Ayakara me chUTa (raji Ara 10591/62)

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dekhA ml|| 6992 24. phila. adhyAtma-pada saba jaga svAratha ko cAhata hai, svAratha tohi bhAyo / jIva ! taiM mUr3hapanA kita pAyo ? azuci, aceta, duSTa tana parama atindrI nija sukha mAhIM, kahA jAna viramAyo / harakai, viSaya roga lipaTAyo / / jIva ! taiM mUDhapanA kita pAyo ? cetana nAma bhayo jar3a kAhe, apano nAma ga~vAyo / tIna loka ko rAja chAMDikai, bhIkha mAMga na lajAyo / / jIva! taiM mUDhapanA kita pAyo ? mUr3hapanA mithyA jaba chUTai, taba tU saMta kahAyo / 'dyAnata' sukha ananta ziva bilaso, yo sataguru batAyo 11 jIva ! taiM mUr3hapanA kita pAyo ? - kavivara dyAnatarAya

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sampAdakIya maGgalaM bhagavAn vIro maGgalaM gautamI gnnii| maGgalaM kundakudAryo jainadharmo'stu . maGgalam / / kisI bhI maMgala kArya ke pUrva jainadharmAvalambiyoM meM ukta zloka par3hane kI paramparA hai| spaSTa hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakI divya vANI ke dhAraka evaM dvAdazAMga Agama ke praNetA gautama gaNadhara ke bAda jaina paramparA meM zrIkundakundAcArya ko pradhAnatA dI gaI hai| kundakundAcArya zramaNa saMskRti ke unnAyaka, prAkRta sAhitya ke agraNI pratibhU, tarkapradhAna Agamika zailI meM likhe gaye adhyAtmaviSayaka sAhitya ke yugapradhAna AcArya haiN| adhyAtma jaina vAGmaya evaM prAkRta sAhitya ke vikAsa meM unakA apratima yogadAna rahA hai| unakI mahattA isI se jAnI jA sakatI hai ki unake pazcAdvartI AcAryo kI paramparA apane ko kundakundAvayI yA kundakundAmnAyI kahakara gauravAnvita samajhatI hai| kheda kI bAta hai ki kundakundAcArya praNIta vizAla sAhitya upalabdha hone para bhI vizeSa antaH evaM bAhya sAkSyoM ke abhAva meM tathA anuzrutiyoM/kiMvadantiyoM meM ulajhA hone ke kAraNa unakA prAmANika itivRtta upalabdha nahI hotA hai| AcArya kandakanda ke viSaya meM aneka anuzrutiyAM pracalita haiN| vindhyagiri ke eka zilAlekha ke anusAra unake viSaya meM kahA jAtA hai ki ve cAraNa RddhidhArI atizaya jJAna sampanna tapasvI the| cAraNa Rddhi ke prabhAva se ve pRthvI ke cAra aMgula Upara gamana karate the| isake atirikta kundakundAcArya ke jIvana ke viSaya meM do anuzrutiyA~ pramukha rUpa se prApta hotI haiM- (1) videhagamana aura (2) giranAra parvata para digambara-zvetAmbara vivaad| (1) videhagamana AcArya kundakunda kI videhagamana viSayaka ghaTanA kA sarvaprathama ullekha

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anekAnta-58/1-2 devasenakRta darzanasAra meM milatA hai| devasena ne darzanasAra kI racanA IsA kI 9-10vIM zatAbdI meM kI thii| ataH anya abhilekhIya evaM aitihAsika pramANa na milane para bhI isakI prAcInatA vizvasta hai| isake bAda jayasenAcArya ne paJcAstikAya kI TIkA meM "prasiddhakathAnyAyena pUrvavidehaM gatvA vItarAgasarvajJazrImaMdarasvAmitIrthakaraparamadevaM dRSTvA tanmukhakamalavinirgatadivyavANI zravaNAvadhAritapadArthAcchuddhAtmatattvAdisArArtha gRhItvA....." (paJcAstikAya TIkA) kahakara unakI videhagamana viSayaka ghaTanA kA ullekha kiyA hai| unhoMne isa ghaTanA ko 'prasiddhakathAnyAyena' batalAyA hai, jisase patA calatA hai ki unake samaya meM yaha ghaTanA atyaMta prasiddha thii| ___TIkAkAra jasasenAcArya kA samaya IsA kI 12vIM zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai| isake bAda 15-16 zatAbdI ke SaTprAbhRta ke saMskRta TIkAkAra zrutasAgarasUri ne tathA pazcAdavartI anya vidvAno ne bhI isa ghaTanA kA ullekha kiyA hai| zubhacandra (1516-1556 I.) kI paTTAvalI meM bhI isakA ullekha hai| ukta ullekhoM ke AdhAra para yaha prasiddhi hai ki kundakunda AcArya videha kSetra gaye the aura vahA~ samavazaraNa meM virAjamAna tIrthakara zrImaMdara (sImaMdhara) svAmI se unhoMne divyadhvani kA zravaNa kiyA thaa| sAmAnyataH yaha niyama hai ki koI bhI pramattasaMyata muni apane audArika zarIra se dUsare kSetra meM nahIM jA sakatA hai| AhAraka zarIradhArI muni ke lie asaMyama ke nivAraNArtha yaha niyama lAgU nahIM hotA hai| kintu isa taraha kA koI ullekha nahIM milatA hai ki kundakundAcArya AhAraka zarIradhArI the| ataH kathA kI vizvasanIyatA meM sandeha hone para bhI isakI prAcInatA asaMdigdha hai| (2) giranAra vivAda zubhacandrAcArya ne pANDavapurANa meM giranAra parvata para digambara aura zvetAmbaroM ke vivAda kA ullekha karate hue kundakudAcArya kA smaraNa isa prakAra kiyA hai "kundakundagaNI yenorjayantagirimastake / so'vatAt vAditA brAhmI pASANaghaTitA klau||"

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anekAnta-58/1-2 (ve kundakunda gaNI rakSA kareM, jinhoMne kaliyuga meM Urjayanta (giranAra) parvata para pASANa se banI huI brAhmI devI ko bhI bulavA diyaa|) isI prakAra zubhacandrAcArya kI gurvAvalI meM bhI ullekha huA hai| kavi vRndAvana ne isa ghaTanA kA spaSTa ullekha kiyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki eka bAra kundakundAcArya sasaMgha giranAra parvata gye| vahA~ para zvetAmbaroM se unakA vivAda ho gyaa| digambara aura zvetAmbaroM ne aMbikA nAmaka devI ko apanA madhyastha bnaayaa| devI ke prakaTa hokara digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM hI ke granthoM meM yadyapi giranAra parvata ke Upara vivAda hone ke vivaraNa milate haiN| kintu kundakunda ke samaya meM kabhI isa prakAra ke vivAda hone kA ullekha nahIM milatA hai| zubhacandra kI gurvAvalI ke antima zlokoM meM balAtkAragaNa ke pradhAna padmanandi muni ko namaskAra karate hue kahA gayA hai ki unhoMne Urjayanta parvata para sarasvatI kI mUrti ko bulavA diyA thaa| aisA lagatA hai ki zubhacandrAcArya ne bhI kundakunda-padmanandi aura balAtkAragaNIya padmanandi ko bhrAntivaza eka samajha liyA aura isa ghaTanA kA ullekha kara diyA hai| isa prakAra kundakundAcArya ke viSaya meM pracalita donoM hI anuzrutiyA~videhagamana aura giranAra vivAda satya pratIta nahIM hotI haiN| __inake atirikta AcArya kudakunda ke gaddhapiccha nAma par3ane ke kAraNa ke rUpa meM bhI eka anuzruti pracalita hai| yaha nAma vibhinna zilAlekhoM meM evaM granthoM meM tattvArthasUtra ke racayitA AcArya umAsvAmI (umAsvAti) ke lie bhI prayukta milatA hai| kundakundAcArya ke gRddhapiccha nAma par3ane meM vahI kiMvadantI kAraNa hai, jisake anusAra videha kSetra jAte samaya AkAzamArga se kundakundAcArya kI mayUrapicchI nIce gira gaI thI tathA bAda meM unhoMne mayUrapiccha na milane para gRddhapiccha dhAraNa kara lie the| jaina muni saMyama kI rakSA ke lie mayUrapicchI hI dhAraNa karate hai| gRddhapiccha se to saMyama kI rakSA saMbhava hI nahI hai| isa kiMvadantI meM koI dama nahI hai aura yaha kalpita jAna par3atI hai| kyoMki yaha pahale hI kahA jA cukA hai ki zAstrIya mAnyatA ke anusAra pramattasaMyata muni audArika zarIra se anya kSetra meM gamana nahIM kara sakatA hai| jaba kundakundAcArya

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anekAnta-58/1-2 kI videhagamanaviSayaka ghaTanA hI zAstrasammata na hone se avizvasanIya hai to usa para AdhArita gRddhapiccha nAmakaraNa kI ghaTanA ko vizvasanIya nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki digamvaratva ke virodhiyoM dvArA digambara paramparA ke zAstroM ko atathyaparaka siddha karane, apane ko kundakundAcArya se bhI pUrva kA siddha karane tathA digambara muni ke AcAra ko dUpita karane ke lie kiyA gayA paDyantra rahA hai| digambaroM ko Agama viruddha kiMcit bhI svIkAra nahIM karanA caahie| tassa muhaggadavayaNaM, puvvAvarado savirahiyaM suddh| / Agamidi parikahiyaM, teNa du kahiyA havaMti tcctthaa|| - una Apta ke mukha se nikale hue jo / | pUrvApara doSoM se rahita zuddha vacana hai vaha 'Agama' isa prakAra | | kahe jAte haiN| usa kahe hue Agama meM tattvArtha hotA hai| / - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - --

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pAThakIya abhimata-1 anekAnta julAI - disambara 2004 ke pRSTha 2-5 meM paM. padmacandra jI zAstrI kI lekhanI se prasUta eka lekha chapA hai - "digambaratva ko kaise chalA jA rahA hai ?" paMDita jI una thor3e se vidvAnoM meM haiM jinane jaina dharma va darzana zAstroM kA bar3I gahanatA se adhyayana kiyA hai| paMDita jI aba dazama dazaka kI ora bar3ha gae haiM / kintu phira bhI satata cintana karate rahate haiN| unakA prAkRta bhASA kA jJAna bhI kisI se kama nahIM rahA hai isakA pUrA paricaya ukta lekha ko par3hane se pUrI taraha sAbita ho rahA hai / prasaMga hai ki kyA kundakunda svAmI aparanAma padmanaMdi AcArya videha meM virAjamAna sImaMdhara svAmI se jJAnasambodhana prApta karane gae the / kucha varSo pahale jaba kundakunda svAmI kA dvisahasrAbdi utsava manAyA gayA thA taba maiMne eka choTI sI kitAba likhI thI "kundakunda nAma va samaya" / usameM maiMne bhI isa kathA para prazna uThAyA thA / isa prazna kA sahI-sahI jabAba aba mila gayA hai / devasena dvArA likhita darzanasAra saMgraha kI nimna gAthA - "jai paumaNadiNAho sImaMdharasAmi - divvaNANeNa / Na vivoha to samaNA kahaM sumaggaM payANaMti / " se, paMDitajI ne spaSTatA va nirbhIkatA ke sAtha niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki ukta gAthA meM "vivohai" zabda se yaha sAbita ho rahA hai ki padmanaMdi AcArya svayaM sImaMdhara the aura unane apane divya jJAna ke dvArA zramaNoM ko saMbodhita kiyA thaa| cUMki zvetAmbaroM ne dharma kI sImAoM kA ullaMghana kara diyA thA ataH unhoMne digambara dharma kI rakSA ke lie AgamAnusAra digambaratva kI sImAoM kA avadhAraNa kiyA aura karAyA / ataH isa gAthA ke anusAra padmanaMdi svayaM sImaMdhara the / yadi ve sImaMdhara tIrthakara ke samavasaraNa meM gae hote to gAthA meM 'vivohia' zabda hotA /

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anekAnta-58/1-2 unakA yaha bhI kahanA hai ki uktagAthA kA galata artha karanA tathA aura bhI kucha anya bAteM haiM jinase digamvaratva ko naSTa karane kI suniyojita sAjiza mAlUma hotI hai| isa navInatama dRSTikoNa para anya adhikArI vidvAn citana-manana va vizleSaNa karake hamAre jaise alpazrutoM kA mArga darzana kareMge aisI AzA hai| avakAza prApta nyAyamUrti ema. ela. jaina, jayapura pAThakIya abhimata-2 zrI paM. padmacandra zAstrI jI ke do lekha AcArya kundakunda ke nAma tathA 'videhagamana ke viSaya meM anekAnta meM pddh'e| unhoMne sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para siddha kiyA hai ki AcArya kundakunda ne digambara amnAya kI pavitratA, maulikatA tathA pahacAna kI rakSA ke lie AcAgata maryAdAoM kA vidhAna kiyaa| isI kAraNa ve sImaMdhara khlaaye| lekhaka kA yaha vizleSaNa tarkayukta tathA yathArtha pratIta hotA hai| samAja bar3A vicitra hai| vaha camatkAroM se kalpita kathAoM se, nAroM se, AtizabAjI se, veza tathA ajIbogarIba rahana sahana se, pAgalapana se bahata prabhAvita hotA hai| yoM dekhA jAe to pratyeka manuSya aura prANI camatkAroM se bharA hai| araboM vyaktiyoM ke cehare alaga, AvAja alaga, cAla DhAla alaga kyA yaha camatkAra se kama hai? hama itane kuzala haiM ki pratyeka santa-mahAtmA kI mahattA bar3hAne ke lie unake sAtha camatkAra kI kathA jor3a dete haiN| samaya ke sAtha zabdoM ke artha aura bhAva badala jAte haiN| atizayoktiyA~ aura camatkAra hamAre ajJAna ke dyotaka hI haiN| choTe bacce ke lie cUlhe para roTI kA phUlanA bhI camatkAra hI hai| isalie maiM lekhaka ko dhanyavAda detA hUM ki unhoMne camatkAra ke nAma para kundakunda svAmI kI maryAdA ko, unake Adarza ko bacAye rkhaa| -jamanAlAla jaina, sAranAtha

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kyA Agama kA AdhAra kiMvadantI ho sakatI hai? ___ -padmacandra zAstrI kyA tamAzA hai mujhe kucha loga samajhAne cle| eka dIvAne ke pIche kitane dIvAne cle|| pichale anekAnta ke aMko meM hama 'vicAraNIya' prasaMga meM 'AcArya kunda-kunda svayaM hI sImaMdhara haiM' kI carcA kara cuke haiN| hameM isa sambandha meM kisI ke nae koI vicAra nahIM mile| hama yaha spaSTa kara deM ki hamane sImaMdharasAmikundakunda ke viSaya meM jo likhA hai vaha Agama virodhI na hokara videhagamana kI sahamati rakhane vAloM ke lie mArga darzana hai| hamane apane vicAra prAkRta koSoM aura Agama kI gAthA ke mUlazabdoM ko badale binA jaise ke taise die haiN| kisI vyAkaraNa se koI prayoga jAnabUjhakara badalanA ucita nahIM samajhA; varanA kucha loga kahate Agama ko hI badala diyaa| ataH hamane prAkRta koSa aura gAthA ke anusAra vahI zabda diyA jo vahA~ hai| Agama sammata vicAroM ko koI badala nahIM sktaa| yaha to satya hai ki hama digambara mUla AcArya pUjya sImaMdharasvAmI kundakunda ke zraddhAlu haiM aura ve hamAre. ArAdhya haiN| digambaratva aura Agama meM koI virodhI bAta kaise svIkAra kI jA sakatI hai| koI digambara jaina Agama ke viparIta soca bhI kaise sakatA haiM? ___ jaba hama AcArya kundakunda ke videha jAne kI bAta sunate haiM to mana ko Thesa laganA svabhAvika hai| kiMvadantiyoM (janazrutiyoM) camatkAroM ne Agama ko kinAre rakhakara digambara tIrthakara aura muniyoM ko bhI nahIM vkhshaa| jaise eka kiMvadantI hamAre samakSa hai jisameM kahA gayA hai1. tIrthakara sImaMdhara svAmI ne divyadhvani meM AcArya kundakunda ko AzIrvAda diyA aura prazna ke uttara meM kundakunda kA nAma btlaayaa|

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anekAnta-58/1-2 2. deva bharata kSetra meM AcArya kundakunda ko lene aaye| 3. AcArya kundakunda ko vimAna meM baiThAkara le ge| 4. unakI pIchI gira gaI aura giddha kA paMkha le liyaa| 5. ve eka zAstra lAe jo ki Ate samaya lavaNa samudra meM gira gyaa| ukta saba bAteM Agama se kahA~ mela khAtI haiM? zilAlekha bhI kaba kisa Agama ke anusAra likhe gae aadi| jaba hama ukta kathanoM para vicAra karate haiM to nimnalikhita vAdhAyeM khar3I ho jAtI haiM1. kyA divyadhvani meM vyaktigata AzIrvAda, nAma kathana aura prazna ke uttara dene kA kahIM vidhAna hai? jabaki divyadhvani meM tattvArtha kA vidhAna hone kA kathana hai| tathAhi tassa muhaggadavayaNaM, puvvAradosavirahiyaM suddhaM / Agamidi parikahiyaM, teNa du kahiyA havaMti tcctthaa|| -niyamasAra, AcArya kundakunda 2. deva isa paMcama kAla meM bharata kSetra meM kaise A gae? javaki Agama meM vidhAna hai ki ve yahA~ nahIM A skte| tathAhi"atto cAraNa muNiNo, devA vijjAharA ya nnaayaanti|" -tiloyapaNNatti (vizuddhamati) arthAt isa paMcama kAla meM yahA~ cAraNaRddhidhArI muni, deva aura vidyAdhara nahIM aate| paramAtma prakAza tathA bhadravAhu carita se bhI isI artha kI puSTi hotI hai| hameM kisI Agama meM yaha dekhane ko bhI nahIM milA kI paMcama kAla ke prArambha meM yaha vidhAna lAgU nahIM hotaa| yadi Agama meM isakA kahIM ullekha hai to dekhA jaae| 3. .kyA hamAre mUla AcArya kundakundasvAmI yA anya koI digambara muni vimAna yA kisI savArI meM baiThakara gamanAgamana kara sakate haiM? digambara muni ke vimAna meM baiThane kI bAta kahA~ taka satya hai? kisI Agama graMtha

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anekAnta-58/1-2 meM digambara mani kA savArI meM baiThane kA vidhAna nahIM hai; taba vimAna meM baiThakara AcArya kundakunda kA videha jAne kA kathana karanA kahIM unako lAMchana lagAnA aura digambara veza ko badanAma karane kA suniyojita SaDyantra to nahIM? ukta kathana digambaratva kI hAni karane kA prayatna mAtra lagatA hai| 4. muni kA pIchI binA gamanAgamana kahA~ taka ucita hai? pIchI ke abhAva meM giddha paMkha kahA~ aura kitanI dUra milA; jabaki giddha paMkha chor3atA hI nhiiN| giddha paMkha aura mayUra paMkha meM mahat antara hotA hai| mayUra paMkha itanA komala hotA hai ki A~kha meM phirAne para koI nukasAna nahIM hotaa| vaha jIva rakSA ke lie sarvathA anukUla hai| jabaki giddha paMkha atyanta karkaza aura khuradarA hotA hai usase cIMTI Adi kA maraNa saMbhava to hai bacAva nhiiN| aise meM giddha pIchI kA grahaNa kisa Agama sammata hai? 5. kiMvadantI meM kathana hai ki videha se lauTate samaya AcArya kundakunda eka zAstra bhI laae| zAstra meM rAjanIti, maMtra Adi kA vizada varNana thaa| Ate samaya vaha zAstra lavaNa samudra meM gira gyaa| vicAraNIya hai ki AcArya kundakunda jaise AdhyAtmika AcArya zaMkA samAdhAna ke pazcAt videha se zAstra bhI lAe aura vaha bhI rAjanIti evaM maMtroM ke varNana vaalaa| jI deva vimAna meM lekara Ae the unhoMne zAstra kI rakSA kyoM nahIM kii| jabaki ve aisA kara sakate the| aisI anya bhI bahuta sI kiMvadantiyAM hoMgI jo hameM dekhane ko nahIM miliiN| samakSa Ane para soceMge aura likheNge| AcArya kundakunda ko koI Rddhi Adi prApta thI isakA bhI kisI Agama meM pramANa nahIM miltaa| hama TIkAkAroM ke Agama sammata kathanoM ko pUrNa satya mAnate haiN| yahI bAta zilAlekhoM ke saMbaMdha meM bhI hai| ve bhI Agama sammata hone caahie| hameM to Azcarya taba bhI hotA hai jaba AcArya kundakunda ne viheda gamana ke vRttAnta ko kahIM svIkAra nahIM kiyA jabaki unakI videha yAtrA unake jIvana

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anekAnta-58/1-2 kI viziSTa ghaTanA thii| AcArya mahArAja ne nA hI kahIM sImaMdhara svAmI kA smaraNa kara unake upakAra ko svIkAra kiyA jo ki unakA mukhya kartavya thaa| isake viparIta ve bArambAra zrutakevalI kA hI guNagAna karate rahe jo ki pada meM tIrthakara se laghu hote haiN| isa sabase siddha hotA hai ki videha gamana kI ghaTanA bAda meM gar3hI gaI hai| unakI isa mauna bhASA ko digambara hI na samajheM to isase bar3I biDambanA aura kyA ho sakatI hai? ____ hameM apane pUrva vidvAnoM para bhI Azcarya hotA hai ki ve kiMvadantiyoM kI prAcInatA likhate rahe jabaki unheM to aisI kiMvadantiyoM ko Agama kI kasauTI para kasakara unakA vizleSaNa karanA cAhie thaa| kahA bhI hai- "purANamityeva na sAdhu srv|" yadi ve aisA karate to kiMvadantiyoM kA duHkhadAI Agama ghAtaka prasaMga Aja upasthita nahIM hotA jo hamAre samakSa A rahA hai| hamArA vizvAsa hai ki isa saMbaMdha kI kiMvadantiyAM kundakunda ke bAda digambaratva aura kundakundAcArya ko badanAma karane ke lie dig2ambaratva virodhiyoM dvArA pracAra meM lAI gii| vidveSiyoM dvArA jisakA svarUpa samajha Ane lagA hai| samAja Age saceta rhe| kahIM "viSakumbhaM payomukham" ke ghere meM nA jaae| satya ke udbhAvana (prakaTIkaraNa) se samAja TUTatA nahIM hai, na usakA vizvAsa kama hotA hai| isase to samyaktva ke niHzaMkita tathA amUDhadRSTi jaise aMgoM meM dRr3hatA AtI hai| samAja to ApasI vidveSa, dharma kI ADha meM svArtho kI pUrti se TUTatA hai| -vIra sevA mandira 4674/21 dariyAgaMja naI dillI-110002

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sImandhara kundakunda -DaoN. naMdalAla jaina amRtacandra aura uttaravartI jayasena ke dvArA kundakunda ke granthoM kI TIkAoM ke kAraNa kundakunda aura unakI vicAradhArA prakAza meM aaii| bIsavIM sadI taka kundakunda kI mahAn pratiSThA thii| saMbhavataH isakA kAraNa inake graMthoM ko zrAvaka-pAThya na mAnane kI dhAraNA aura pracaNDa gurubhakti rahI hogii| isI kAraNa, maMgala zloka meM bhI unakA smaraNa kiyA gyaa| isa maMgala zloka kI paramparA kava se cAlU huI, yaha kahanA kaThina hai, para yaha "maMgalaM sthUlabhadrAdyo" ke bAda kI hI hogI kyoMki sthUlabhadra to 411-312 IsA pUrva ke AcArya haiM aura kundakunda to sabhI vidvAnoM ke mata se paryApta uttaravartI haiN| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki yaha maMgala zloka inake graMthoM kI TIkA ke samaya se pracalita huA hogA kyoMki inake pUrva bhI AcArya bhadrabAhu Adi aneka pratibhAzAlI digambaratva pratiSThApaka AcArya huye haiN| unakA vismaraNa kara kundakunda ko pratiSThita karanA kiMcit samajha se pare to lagatA hai, para yaha unakI saiddhAMtika evaM saMghAcArya kI nipuNatA ko vyakta karatA hai| phira bhI, unake itanI sadiyoM taka vismRta rahane meM saMbhavataH unakI apravAhyamAna vicAradhArA hI kAraNa rahI hogii| tathApi jinabhakti ke prabhAva meM kundakunda ne kisI bhI grantha meM apanA jIvana-vRtta nahIM diyaa| unake grantha 'zrutakevalI bhaNita' ke pratipAdaka haiM aura ve bhadrabAhu ko apanA gamaka (paramparayA) guru mAnate haiN| isa itihAsa-nirapekSatA ke kAraNa jabase ve vidvat jagata ke adhyayana ke viSaya bane, tabhI se zrI mukhtAra, upAdhye, ke. vI. pAThaka, premI, DhAkI va aneka videzI vidvAnoM ne unake jIvana ke sabhI pakSoM-janma sthAna (lagabhaga nizcita), mAtA-pitA (vaizya vaMzaja), zikSA-dIkSA (do guru), sAdhutva evaM AcAryatva (lagabhaga 44 varSa) Adi para vibhinna mata prastuta kiye haiN| tIrthakaroM ke jIvana kI devakRta camatkArikatA

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anekAnta-58/1-2 13 ke samAna unake jIvana meM bhI cAraNa-Rddhitva evaM videha gamana kA vivaraNa AyA (inakA vizapa AdhAra nahIM miltaa)| vastutaH ve mAnava se atimAnava mAna liye gye| isa para abhI taka kisI ne prakAza nahIM ddaalaa| ina matavAdoM ke sAtha unake nizcaya-vyavahAragata samayasArI vivaraNa tathA unake sAhitya kI bhASA ke svarUpa Adi ke kAraNa bhI aneka bhrAMtiyAM utpanna huI haiN| unake zvetAmbaroM se zAstrArtha, strImukti niSedha, acelakatva-samarthana tathA TIkA graMtho Adi ke kAraNa unake samaya-nirNaya para bhI abhI bhI asahamati banI huI hai| yaha prathama sadI se sAtavIM sadI taka mAnA jAtA hai| sAmAnya paramparA ke anusAra, aneka mUlagranthoM kI TIkAyeM unakI racanA ke adhikAdhika tIna-cAra sau varSa ke antarAla se huI haiM, jaisA sAraNI-1 se prakaTa sAraNI 1 : mUlagrantha aura unakI TIkAoM kA racanAkAla kra mUla grantha racanAkAla TIkA TIkAkAla lagabhaga lagabhaga 01 kapAyapAhuDa 1-2rI sadI yativRSabha cUrNi 5-6vI sadI 02 paTakhaNDAgama 1-2rI sadI paddhati 3rI sadI 03 tatvArthasUtra 3-4thI sadI savArthasiddhi 5vIM sadI 04 bhagavatI ArAdhanA 2-3rI sadI ArAdhanA pajikA 4thI sadI 05 mUlAcAra 2-3rI sadI vasunadi 11vI sadI 06 kundakunda grathatraya 2-3rI sadI do TIkAye 10-11vI sadI 07 zvetAvara Agama sakalana 5vI sadI prathama vyAkhyA sAhitya 6vI sadI 08. parIkSAmukha 10-11vIM sadI prameyakamalamArtaNDa 11vI sadI isa AdhAra para kundakunda ke samaya kA anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai| unake samayamAra ne to jainoM kA eka nayA paMtha hI khaDA kara diyA hai jo unake aneka kathanoM ke bAvajUda bhI ekapakSIya bana gayA hai| vastutaH anekAMtavAdI jaina apane-apane pakSa ke ekAMtavAdI ho gaye haiM aura mahAvIra ke nAma para unake darzana ko hI vidalita karate jA rahe haiN| aneka vidvAnoM ne unake nizcaya-vyavahAra kI samanvaya-vAditA para vivaraNa diye haiN| para nizcaya to aTala evaM anirvacanIya hotA hai, kevalajJAna gamya hotA hai| use gRhastha kaise samajhe aura anubhava meM

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14 anekAnta-58/1-2 lAye? hA~, nizcaya vyakti ko eka suhAvane kalpanA loka yA svapna loka meM le jAtA hai, saMbhavataH kalpanA ke mUrta rUpa lene ke prati AzAvAdI bhI banAtA hai| yaha sthiti zvetakeziyoM ke anurUpa adhika hai| kRSNakeziyoM kA anubhava isake viparIta hai| para A~kha kholate hI vyAvahArika jagata sAmane A jAtA hai evaM sAMbaratva meM hI 'neti, neti' kI nizcayI dRSTi aura dazA prApti kA anubhava karane lagate haiN| phalataH, ve svayaM ko kevalI hI mAna lete haiN| zAstrIjI ne isa mAnyatA ko visaMgata evaM digambara mata ke viruddha batAyA hai kyoMki tila-tuSa mAtra parigrahI AtmA ko nahIM jAna paataa| zuddha aura zubha kA cakkara bhI bhayaMkara hai jo sAmAnya jana kI samajha se pare lagatA hai| isa viSaya meM paM. padmacandra zAstrI ne kundakunda kI, kolAyaDI sthiti meM, digambaratva-pratiSThApaka ke rUpa meM prazasti karate hue unake siddhAntoM ko sahI rUpa meM lene kA saMketa kiyA hai| mahAvIra ke siddhAntoM meM nizcaya aura vyavahAra kI sImAoM kA saMdhAraNa karane ke kAraNa unake liye sImaMdhara (sImAdhara) zabda ke upayoga ko sArthaka batAyA hai aura AcArya kundakunda kI videha gamana evaM sImaMdhara-svAmI ke upadeza kI camatkArika jana-zruti yA kiMvadantI ko bhakti-atireka kA AkarSaNa mAnA hai| unhoMne sImaMdhara zabda ke isa artha ko 'abhidhAna rAjendra koza' se bhI puSTa kiyA hai| unakI yaha mAnyatA gaMbhIra vicAra cAhatI hai| isa viSaya meM unake tarka bhI zodhaparaka haiM ye nimnalikhita haiM01. kundakunda ne kahIM bhI sImaMdhara svAmI ke upakAra kA smaraNa nahIM kiyA hai| 02. kundakunda apane graMthoM meM sadaiva zrutakevalI va gamaka guru kA smaraNa karate haiM jinakA pada tIrthakara se laghutara hai| 03. paMcamakAla meM cAraNa Rddhi nahIM hotii| tathApi, phaDakule jI kuMdakuMda ke prakaraNa meM ise ApavAdika mAnate haiN| yaha vicAraNIya viSaya hai| jinendra varNI bhI ise Agraha-hIna mAnate haiN| 04. videha-gamana kI carcA bhI isa viSaya meM aneka municaryA-virodhI prasaMga upasthita karatI hai| 05. devasena ke darzanasAra kI gAthA 43 meM 'sImaMdharasAmi' zabda padmanaMdi kA vizeSaNa hai, ise sImaMdhara svAmI tIrthakara mAna lene ke kAraNa aneka

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anekAnta-58/1-2 15 bhrAMtiyAM utpanna huI haiN| isa artha se videha-gamana kI camatkArikatA bhI nirasta hotI hai| . 06. ukta gAthA 43 meM 'vivohai' zabda bhI isa dhAraNA ko puSTa karatA hai| 07. Agama meM 'sarvadravyaparyAyeSu kevalasya' kA sUtra bhI ina dhAraNAoM kA samarthaka nahIM hai| yaha sthiti chadmastha kI nahIM hotii| 08. samayasAra gAthA 14 meM nizcaya-vyavahAra kA spaSTa abhilekha hai| anyatra yaha bhI ullekha hai ki ajJa janoM ko unakI bhASA meM hI upadeza denA * cAhiye arthAt hameM vyavahAravAdI bhI honA caahiye| mujhe lagatA hai ki nizcaya-mAnI bhI kundakunda ke 'cArittaM khalu dhammo' evaM 'daMsaNa-NANa-carittANi sevidavvANi' ke siddhAntoM ko svIkAra kara adhyAtmonmukhI banane kA prayAsa karate haiN| ve bhI maMdira nirmANa, vedI va paMcakalyANaka pratiSThA, pUjana, zAkAhAra Adi vyAvahArika kAryoM meM saMlagna rahate haiN| ye prakriyAyeM nizcayavAda kI preraka haiM, aisA mAnanA caahiye| isa prakAra, ve vyavahAra ko sarvathA abhUtArtha nahIM kaha skte| kundakunda ke isI samanvita dRSTikoNa ne unheM itanA prabhAvI banAyA hai| uparokta binduoM meM paryApta bauddhika vizleSaNa tathA sArthaka saMketa haiN| inake samucita AloDana se kundakunda ke jIvana kI camatkArikatA to dUra hotI hai, para unake upadezoM kI tathA unakI garimA bhI pratiSThita hotI hai| camatkArikatAoM ke bhItara chipe atirekI rahasya kA udghATana Aja ke yuga kI mAMga hai| mujhe vizvAsa hai ki vidvatjana isa viSaya meM samucita vicAra kara kundakunda ke jIvana ko laukika rUpa meM DhAlakara use aura bhI prabhAvazAlI banAyeMge evaM unakA hI sImaMdharatva svIkAra kreNge| sandarbha 1 jinendra varNI : jainendra siddhAta koSa-2, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, 1974, peja 126-28 / 2. jaina, ena. ela : paM jaganmohanalAla zAstrI, sAdhuvAda graMtha, jaina kendra, rIvA Adi, 1989, pe. 97-981 . 3. zAstrI, padmacaMdra, mUla jaina-saMskRti-aparigraha, vIra sevA maMdira, dillI, 2005, peja 44-48 / 4. 'samayasAra' aura 'darzanasAra' / -jaina senTara, rIvA (ma. pra.)

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ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra kA samIkSAtmaka anuzIlana -DaoN. kamaleza kumAra jaina zrIvarddhamAnamakalaGkamanidyavandya pAdAravindayugalaM praNipatya mU / bhavyaikalokanayanaM paripAlayantaM syAdvAdavartma pariNaumi samantabhadram / / jaina dharma, darzana aura nyAya ke udbhaTa vidvAn AcArya samantabhadra kA janma vikrama kI dUsarI zatAbdI ke antima bhAga athavA tIsarI zatAbdI ke pUrvArddha' meM uragapura meM huA thaa| ve kAJcI ke suprasiddha zAsaka kadambabaMzIya kakutyavarman ke putra the| unakA gRhasthAvasthA kA nAma zAntivarman thaa| vahI zAntivarmana AcArya kundakunda kI paramparA meM balAkapicchAcArya se dIkSita hokara pahale muni samantabhadra aura bAda meM AcArya samantabhadra ke nAma se prasiddha hue| 'rAjabalikathe' ke eka ullekhAnusAra muni samantabhadra ko maNuvakahallI nAmaka grAma meM bhasmaka vyAdhi ho gaI thii| isa vyAdhi kA zamana pauSTika aura gariSTha bhojana se hI sambhava thA, kintu municaryA kA pAlana karate huye aisA bhojana prAyaH durlabha thaa| ataH unhoneM apane guru se samAdhikaraNa kI yAcanA kI, kintu nimittajJAnI guru ke dvArA yaha jAnakara ki isa muni se dharma kI atyadhika prabhAvanA hone kI saMbhAvanA hai| unhoMne vyAdhi se mukta hone ke liye unheM muni pada se mukta kara diyA tathA vyAdhi-zamana karane hetu kAryakArI upAya karane kA nirdeza diyaa| phalasvarUpa ve aneka sthAnoM para bhramaNa karate huye kAzI ke rAjA zivakoTi ke rAjadarabAra meM Aye aura ghoSaNA kara dI ki ve zivamUrti ko sampUrNa bhoga-sAmagrI khilA sakate haiN| rAjA ne unase prabhAvita hokara unheM ziva mandira meM niyukta kara diyaa| muni samantabhadra pracchanna rUpa se vaha bhoga-sAmagrI svayaM khAne lge| dhIre-dhIre roga kA zamana hone lagA jisase

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anekAnta-58/1-2 bhoga-sAmagrI bhI bacane lgii| taba logoM ko sandeha huA aura ve pakar3e gye| bAda meM rAjA ne zivamUrti ko namaskAra karane kA Adeza diyaa| svAmI samantabhadra sacce samyagdRSTi the| ataH unhoMne dhyAnastha ho caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM kI stuti karanA prArambha kii| phalasvarUpa AThaveM tIrthakara bhagavAn candraprabha kI bhakti karate huye bhAvoM kA aisA udreka huA ki zivamUrti use sahana nahIM kara sakI aura zivamUrti bIca se phaTa gaI tathA usameM se candraprabhu kI mUrti prakaTa ho gii| __ AcArya samantabhadra bahumukhI pratibhA ke dhanI the| unhone zatAbdiyoM pUrva tarka kI kasauTI para kasakara vividha sampradAyoM ke aneka AcAryo vidvAnoM ke samakSa jainadharma kI jo dhvajA phaharAI hai, vaha Aja bhI apane atIta ke gaurava ko rekhAvita karatI hai aura uttaravartI pIr3hI ko eka navIna dizA pradAna karatI hai| paravartI jainanyAya zAstra kI pratiSThA AcArya samantabhadra ke dvArA sthApita mApadaNDoM kA vikasita rUpa hai| samantabhadrakRta AptamImAMsA para AcArya akalaGkadeva dvArA likhita aSTazatI TIkA aura usako samAhita karate huye usI para AcArya vidyAnanda dvArA aSTasahasrI TIkA kA likhA jAnA isa bAta kA sUcaka hai ki jainanyAya vidyA ke kSetra meM AcArya samantabhadra ne jo mAnaka sthApita kiye haiM, ve Aja bhI mIla ke patthara ke samAna aDiga haiN| kyoMki paravartI AcAryoM ne prAyaH unhIM tarko ko AdhAra banAkara apanI kRtiyoM kA praNayana kiyA hai| aise mahanIya vyaktitva ke dhanI AcArya samantabhadra ne 1. bRhatsvayambhUstotra, 2. AptamImAMsA (devAgama stotra), 3. stuti vidyA (jinazataka), 4. yuktyanuzAsana aura 5. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra- ina pA~ca granthoM kI racanA kI hai, jo Aja bhI upalabdha haiN| inake atirikta 1. jIvasiddhi, 2. tattvAnuzAsana, 3. pramANapadArtha, 4. gandhahasti mahAbhASya, 5. karmaprAbhRta TIkA aura 6. prAkRta vyAkaraNa ina chaha granthoM ke racane kA ullekha milatA hai|' AcArya. samantabhadra ke upalabdha uparyukta pA~ca granthoM meM prathama cAra grantha yadyapi stutiparaka haiM, kintu stuti ke vyAja se unhoMne jaina siddhAntoM kA jo

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anekAnta-58/1-2 prarUpaNa kiyA hai, vaha advitIya hai aura unheM eka utkRSTa dArzanika AcArya ke rUpa meM sthApita karatA hai| jaina tarkavidyA ke ve prathama AcArya haiN| unhoMne apanI isI tArkika buddhi ke AdhAra para vibhinna nagaroM meM vicaraNa karate huye aneka vidvAnoM ko parAjita kiyA thA, jisakA ullekha zravaNabelagola ke 54veM zilAlekha meM isa prakAra aGkita hai pUrvaM pATaliputramadhyanagare bherI mayA tADitA, pazcAnmAlavasindhuThakkaviSaye kAJcIpure vaidishe| prApto'haM karahATakaM bahubhaTaM vidyotkaTaM saMkaTaM, vAdArthI virAmyahaM narapate shaarduulvikriidditm||' paM. jugalakizora mukhtAra ne svAmI samantabhadra para vistAra se vicAra kiyA AcArya samantabhadra ne uparyukta jina kRtiyoM kA lekhana kiyA hai, unameM zrAvaka ke AcAra kA vistAra se vivecana karane vAlI unakI eka mAtra kRti ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra hai| paM. pannAlAla 'vasanta' sAhityAcArya ne ise upalabdha zrAvakAcAroM meM sabase prAcIna aura susambaddha zrAvakAcAra mAnA hai|' jo vastutaH satya evaM tathya hai| isase pUrva AcArya kundakunda ke cAritrapAhaDa meM zrAvakAcAra sambandhI vivecana mAtra chaha gAthAoM meM upalabdha hai, jisameM cAritra ke samyaktvacaraNa cAritra aura saMyamacaraNa cAritra-ye do bheda kiye haiN| punaH saMyamacaraNa cAritra ke do bheda kiye haiM-sAgAra aura niraagaar| inameM sAgAra cAritra gRhastha ke evaM nirAgAra cAritra parigraha rahita muni ke hotA hai|' isI krama meM AcArya kundakunda ne sAgAra (zrAvaka) kI gyAraha pratimAoM aura zrAvaka ke bAraha vratoM kA mAtra nAmollekha kiyA hai| AcArya umAsvAmI ne apane tattvArthasUtra ke saptama adhyAya meM hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla aura parigraha rUpa pA~ca pApoM se virata hone ko vrata kahA hai' tathA zalya rahita ko vratI kahA hai| tadanantara vratI ke do bheda- agArI aura anagAra karake aNuvratoM ke dhAraka ko agArI (zrAvaka) kahA hai| punaH saptazIloM aura sallekhanA kA nAmollekha karake pA~ca vratoM, saptazIloM aura sallekhanA ke pA~ca-pA~ca aticAro kA ullekha kiyA

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anekAnta-58/1-2 hai| anta meM zrAvaka ke paDAvazyakoM meM se eka mahattvapUrNa Avazyaka karma dAna kA ullekha kiyA hai|" ___ AcArya kundakunda evaM AcArya umAsvAmI ke pazcAt AcArya samantabhadra ne zrAvakAcAra kA gambhIra aura sAGgopAGga vivecana kiyA hai, jo vividha zrAvakAcAroM ke madhya eka dIpa-stambha kI taraha Aja bhI bejor3a hai| usakA vistRta vivecana isa prakAra hai AcArya samantabhadrakRta ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra meM 150 zloka haiN| yaha pA~ca paricchedoM meM vibhakta hai| prArambha meM sarvaprathama varddhamAna svAmI ko namaskAra karake karmo kA nAza karane vAle usa samIcIna dharma kA upadeza karane kI pratijJA kI hai, jo jIvoM ko saMsAra ke duHkhoM se nikAlakara svarga-mokSAdi rUpa uttama sukha meM sthApita karatA hai aura aise dharma kI bar3hate krama se tIna zreNiyA~ nirdhArita kI haiM-samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura smykcaaritr| ye tInoM bhagavAn jinendradeva dvArA kathita haiN| ___ inameM se paramArthabhUta Apta, Agama aura guru kA tIna mUr3hatAoM se rahita, ATha aGgoM sahita aura ATha prakAra ke madoM se rahita hokara zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana hai| Apta niyama se janma-jarA Adi aThAraha doSoM se rahita, sarvajJa aura Agama kA svAmI hotA hai| Agama kI vizeSatA yaha hotI hai ki vaha bhagavAn jinendra deva ke dvArA kathita hotA hai| anya matAvalambiyoM dvArA khaNDita nahIM hotA hai| pratyakSa aura parokSa pramANoM ke dvArA virodha rahita hotA hai| tattvoM kA upadeza karane vAlA, sabakA hitakArI aura mithyAmArga kA nirAkaraNa karane vAlA hotA hai| guru-viSayoM kI AzA, Arambha aura parigraha se rahita hotA hai tathA jJAna, dhyAna aura tapa yeM tallIna rahatA hai| aise Apta, Agama aura guru kA niHzaGkita, niHkAzita, nirvicikitsA, amUDhadRSTi, upagRna sthitIkaraNa, vAtsalya aura prabhAvanA-ina ATha aGgoM sahita zraddhAna : Avazyaka hai| inameM se eka aGga kI bhI nyUnatA nahIM honI cAhiye, ajisa prakAra eka akSara rahita mantra viSa kI vedanA ko nAza karane meM samartha : hotA hai, vaise hI aGgahIna samyagdarzana janma-santati ko naSTa karane meM samartha naha

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20 anekAnta-58/1-2 hotA hai| __yaha samyagdarzana jahA~ ATha aGgoM sahita hotA hai, vahIM lokamUr3hatA, devamUr3hatA aura pAkhaNDimUr3hatA (gurumUr3hatA)- ina tIna mUr3hatAoM tathA jJAna, pUjA, kula, jAti, bala, Rddhi, tapa aura zarIra-ina ATha ke Azraya se hone vAle madoM se rahita hotA hai| uparyukta madoM se unmatta citta vAlA puruSa yadi ratnatraya rUpa dharma meM sthita jIvoM ko tiraskRta karatA hai to vaha apane dharma ko hI tiraskRta karatA hai| kyoMki dharmAtmAoM ke binA dharma nahIM hotA hai| ataH dharmAtmAo kA tiraskAra karanA ucita nahIM hai| jJAnAdi madoM ke na karane kI salAha isaliye bhI AcArya samantabhadra de rahe haiM ki bhAI! yadi pApa ko rokane vAlI ratnatraya rUpa dharma tere pAsa hai to anya sampattiyoM se tujhe kyA lenA-denA? sukha kI prApti tujhe svataH hogI hI aura yadi mithyAtva Adi pApoM kA Anava hai to bhI anya sampattiyo se kyA lenA-denA? kyoMki pApAnava ke phalasvarUpa tujhe duHkha kI prApti honI hI hai| vastutaH dharma aura adharma hI kramazaH sukha aura duHkha ke kAraNa haiN| jJAnAdi kA mada sukha kA kAraNa nahIM hai| eka mAtra samyagdarzana se yukta cANDAla bhI DhakI huI agni ke samAna tejasvI hotA hai aura devatAoM ke dvArA pUjya bhii| adhika kyA kaheM? dharma ke kAraNa kuttA bhI deva ho jAtA hai aura adharma ke kAraNa deva bhI kuttA ho jAtA hai| samyagdRSTi jIva bhaya, AzA aura lobha ke vazIbhUta hokara kuguru, kudeva aura kuzAstra kA sammAna nahIM karatA hai| yaha samyagdarzana mokSamArga meM khevaTiyA ke samAna hai| kyoMki isake abhAva meM samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kI utpatti, sthiti, vRddhi evaM svarga-mokSAdi rUpa phala kI prApti vaise hI nahIM hotI hai jaise bIja ke abhAva meM vRkSa kI utpatti Adi nahIM hotI hai| mohI muni se mokSamArga meM sthita nirmohI gRhastha zreSTha hai| isIliye to yaha kathana yathArtha hai ki samyaktva ke samAna kalyANakArI aura mithyAtva ke samAna vinAzakArI tInoM lokoM aura tInoM kAloM meM koI anya vastu nahIM hai| samyagdarzana kA mAhAtmya to yaha hai ki avratI samyagdRSTi bhI nAraka, tiryaJca,

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anekAnta-58/1-2 napuMsaka, strIpane tathA khoTe kula, vikalAGgatA, alpAyu aura daridrapane ko prApta nahIM hotA hai, apitu ojAdi se sampanna manuSyoM meM zreSTha hotA hai aura svarga ke indrAdi padoM ko prApta karatA hai tathA navanidhi aura caudaha ratnoM ke svAmI cakravartI pada ko prAptakara anta meM ratnatraya ke phalasvarUpa sarvotkRSTa sukha ke sthAna mokSa ko bhI prApta karatA hai| __ padArtha ko nyUnatA aura adhikatA se rahita jyoM kA tyoM viparItatA rahita aura sandeha rahita jAnanA samyagjJAna hai| yaha samyagjJAna viSaya kI apekSA se prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga aura dravyAnuyoga- ina cAra anuyogoM meM vibhakta hai| eka purupa ke Azrita hone vAlI kathA carita hai aura tresaThazalAkA purupoM ke Azrita kahI jAne vAlI kathA purANa hai| ina puNyavarddhaka kathAoM tathA bodhi aura samAdhi ko prApta karAne kA khajAnA jisameM ho vaha kathA sAhitya prathamAnuyoga hai| loka aura aloka ke vibhAga, yugoM ke parivartana aura caturgati ke svarUpa ko darpaNa ke samAna prakAzita karane vAlA sAhitya karaNAnuyoga hai| gRhastha aura muniyoM ke cAritra kI utpatti, vRddhi aura rakSA kA vivecana karane vAlA sAhitya caraNAnuyoga hai tathA jIva, ajIva, puNya, pApa, bandha mokSa Adi kA vivecana karane vAlA sAhitya dravyAnuyoga hai| moha rUpI andhakAra ke dUra hone para samyagdarzana kI prApti se jise samyagjJAna prApta ho gayA hai aise bhavya jIva ke dvArA rAgadveSa kI nivRtti ke liye dhAraNa kiyA jAne vAlA cAritra hai| yaha hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla aura parigraha kI nivRtti se hotA hai| sampUrNa parigraha kA tyAga karanA sakala cAritra hai aura ekadeza parigraha kA tyAga karanA vikalacAritra hai, jo kramazaH muniyoM aura zrAvako ko hotA hai| unameM gRhastho ke hone vAlA vikalacAritra aNuvrata, guNavrata aura zikSAvrata rUpa hai| inake kramazaH pA~ca, tIna aura cAra bheda haiN| hiMsAdi pA~ca pApoM kA sthUla rUpa se tyAga karanA aNuvrata hai| tInoM yogoM ke kRta, kArita aura anumodana rUpa saMkalpa se trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA na karanA sthUlahiMsA tyAga rUpa ahiMsANuvrata hai| chedanA, bA~dhanA, pIr3A denA, adhika bhAra lAdanA aura AhAra rokanA-ye pA~ca isake aticAra haiN| isI prakAra sthUla jhUTha

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anekAnta-58/1-2 na svayaM bolanA aura na dUsaroM se bulavAnA tathA aisA satya bhI na svayaM bolanA hai aura na dUsaroM se bulavAnA hai jo dUsaroM ke prANaghAta ke liye ho vaha sthUlaM jhUTha tyAga rUpa satyANuvrata hai| mithyopadeza, rahobhyAkhyAna, paizUnya, kUTalekha likhanA aura dharohara ko har3apanA-ye pA~ca isake aticAra haiN| kisI kI rakhI huI, girI huI athavA bhUlI huI vastu ko binA diye huye na svayaM grahaNa karanA aura na uThAkara dUsaroM ko denA sthUla steya parityAga rUpa acauryANuvrata hai| caura prayoga, caurArthAdAna, vilopa, sadRza mizraNa aura hInAdhika vinimAna-.ye pA~ca isake aticAra haiN| pApa ke bhaya se na svayaM parastrI kA gamana karanA aura na dUsaroM ko karAnA parastrI tyAga rUpa svadArasantopa nAma kA aNuvrata hai| anyavivAhakaraNa, anaGgakrIr3A, viTatva, vipulatRpA aura itvarikAgamana- ye pA~ca isake aticAra haiN| dhana, dhAnya Adi parigraha kA parimANa kara usase adhika vastuoM meM icchA na karanA parimita parigraha athavA icchA parimANa nAma kA aNuvrata hai| ativAhana, atisaMgraha, ativismaya, atilobha aura atibhArAropaNa ye pA~ca isake aticAra haiN| ina pA~ca aNuvratoM kA aticAra rahita pAlana karane se svarga kI prApti hotI hai| isI krama meM AcArya samantabhadra ne zrAvaka ke ATha mUlaguNoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| unake anusAra madya, mAMsa aura maghu-ina tIna makAroM ke tyAga ke sAtha pA~ca aNuvratoM kA pAlana karanA-ye ATha, zrAvaka ke mUlaguNa haiN| ___ mUlaguNoM kI vRddhi karane vAle digvrata, anarthadaNDavrata aura bhogopabhogaparimANavrata- ye tIna guNavrata haiN| sUkSma pApoM kI nivRtti ke liye dazoM dizAoM meM prasiddha nadI, samudra Adi ke bAhara AjIvana na jAne kI pratijJA karanA digbata hai| pramAdavaza Upara, nIce athavA tiryaga dizA kA ullaMghana karanA, kSetravRddhi karanA aura kRtamaryAdA kA vismaraNa karanA- ye pA~ca usake aticAra haiN| digvrata meM kI gaI maryAdA ke bhItara prayojana rahita pApa sahita yogoM se nivRtta honA anarthadaNDavrata hai| pApopadeza, hiMsAdAna, apadhyAna, duHzruti aura pramAdacaryA-ye pA~ca anarthadaNDa haiN| pazuoM ko kaSTa pahu~cAne vAlI kriyAyeM,

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anekAnta-58/1-2 vyApAra, hiMsA, Arambha aura ThagavidyA Adi kI kathAoM ke prasaGga upasthita karanA pApopadeza nAmaka anarthadaNDa hai| pharasA, talavAra, kudAlI, agni, hathiyAra, viSa aura jaMjIra Adi hiMsA ke hetuoM kA dAna karanA hiMsAdAna hai| dveSavazAt kisI prANI ke vadha, bandhana aura cheda Adi kA tathA rAgavazAt parastrI Adi kA cintana apadhyAna hai| Arambha parigraha, sAhasa, mithyAtva, dveSa, rAga, ahaMkAra aura kAma ke dvArA citta ko kaluSita karane vAle zAstroM kA sunanA duHzruti hai| binA prayojana ke pRthivI, jala, agni aura vAyu kA Arambha karanA, vanaspati kA chedanA, svayaM ghUmanA aura dUsaroM ko ghumAnA pramAdacaryA hai| rAga ke vazIbhUta hAsa-parihAsa meM gande zabdoM kA prayoga karanA, zarIra kI kuceSTA karanA, adhika bolanA, bhogopabhoga sambandhI sAmagrI kA adhika mAtrA meM saMgraha karanA aura niSprayojana binA vicAre kisI kArya ko prArambha karanAye pA~ca anarthadaNDavirati vrata ke aticAra haiN| . parigraha parimANavrata kI sImA ke bhItara viSaya sambandhI rAga se hone vAlI Asakti ko kRza karane ke liye prayojanabhUta bhI indriya-viSayoM kA parisImana karanA bhogopabhogaparimANa vrata hai| aNuvratI ko pramAda se bacane ke liye madya, mAMsa, madhu aura vahuta hiMsA hone se mUlI, gIlA adaraka, makkhana, nIma ke phUla aura kevar3A ke phUla Adi kA tyAga kara denA caahiye| sAtha hI ahitakArI aura gomUtrAdi anupasevya vastuoM kA bhI tyAga kara denA caahiye| ina vastuoM kA jaba AjIvana tyAga kiyA jAtA hai to vaha yama kahalAtA hai aura jaba eka nizcita avadhi ke liye tyAga kiyA jAtA hai to vaha niyama kahalAtA hai| viSaya rUpI viSa meM Adara rakhanA, bhoge huye viSayoM kA punaH punaH smaraNa karanA, vartamAna bhogoM meM adhika AkAMkSA rakhanA, AgAmI viSayoM meM adhika tRSNA rakhanA aura vartamAna vipayo kA ati Asakti se anubhava karanA ye pA~ca bhogopabhogaparimANa vrata ke aticAra haiN| dezAvakAzika, sAmAyika, propadyopavAsa aura vaiyAvRtya- ye cAra zikSAvrata haiN| aNuvratI zrAvaka dvArA maryAdita kSetra meM bhI pratidina ghar3I-ghaNTe ke liye deza ko saMkucita karanA dezAvakAzikavrata hai| maryAdita kSetra ke bhItara rahate huye

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anekAnta-58/1-2 usake bAhara prepaNa, zabda, Anayana, rUpAbhivyakti aura pudgalakSepa karanA- ye pA~ca usake aticAra haiN| maryAdA ke bhItara aura vAhara sampUrNa rUpa se pA~ca pApoM kA eka nizcita avadhi ke liye tyAga karanA sAmAyika hai| yaha pratidina kI jAtI hai| isameM ArambhAdi sabhI parigrahoM kA tyAga ho jAne se zrAvaka upasarga ke kAraNa kapar3e meM lipaTe huye muni ke samAna ho jAtA hai| vaha gRhIta anuSThAna ko na chor3ate huye mauna dhAraNa karatA hai tathA zItoSNAdi parIpahoM aura upasarga ko bhI sahana karatA hai| isa avadhi meM zrAvaka duHkha rUpa saMsAra ke svarUpa aura usake viparIta mokSa ke svarUpa kA cintana karatA hai| mana, vacana aura kAya kI khoTI kriyA, anAdara tathA asmaraNa- ye pA~ca sAmAyika ke aticAra haiN| caturdazI aura aSTamI ke dina sarvadA ke liye vrata kI bhAvanA se cAra prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga karanA proSadhopavAsa hai| upavAsa ke dina pA~ca pApoM ke sAtha hI Arambha aura zrRMgArAdi kA bhI tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| upavAsa karane vAlA zrAvaka ukta avadhi meM dharmarUpI amRta kA svayaM sevana karatA hai aura dUsaroM ko karAtA hai| athavA pramAda kA tyAga kara jJAna-dhyAna meM lIna ho jAtA hai| propadhopavAsa meM dhAraNA aura pAraNA ke dina bhI eka-eka bAra hI AhAra grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| binA dekhe aura binA zodhe pUjAdi upakaraNoM ko grahaNa karanA, mala-mUtrAdi kA visarjana karanA, vistara Adi ko vichAnA, anAdara aura asmaraNa- ye pA~ca isake aticAra haiN| pratidAna kI apekSA kiye binA guNoM ke khajAnA gRhatyAgI tapasvI ko vidhi-dravya Adi sampatti ke anusAra dharma ke nimitta dAna denA vaiyAvRtya hai| isake atirikta guNo ke anurAga se saMyamI ke jIvana meM AI huI vipattiyoM ke nirAkaraNa hetu pairoM Adi kA sammardana karanA bhI vaiyAvRtya hai| sapta guNoM sahita zuddha dAtA ke dvArA gRha sambandhI kArya tathA khetI Adi ke Arambha se rahita tathA samyagdarzanAdi guNoM sahita muniyoM ko navadhAbhaktipUrvaka AhAra Adi denA dAna hai| dAna kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki jisa prakAra jala khUna ko dho detA hai usI prakAra muniyoM ko diyA gayA dAna gRhasthI ke kAryo se saJcita

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anekAnta-58/1-2 25 sudRr3ha karma ko bhI naSTa kara detA hai| muniyoM ko namaskAra karane se uccagotta, AhArAdi dAna dene se bhoga, upAsanA se sammAna, bhakti se sundara rUpa aura stuti se yaza kI prApti hotI hai| ucita samaya meM yogya pAtra ko diyA gayA thor3A bhI dAna pRthivI meM par3e huye vaTa-vRkSa ke bIja ke samAna samaya Ane para abhISTa phala ko dene vAlA hotA hai| AhAra, aupadhi, upakaraNa aura AvAsa ke bheda se vaiyAvRtya cAra prakAra kA hai| zrAvaka ke liye pratidina arhanta bhagavAna kI pUjA bhI karanI caahiye| harita patra Adi se dene yogya vastu ko DhakanA, harita patra Adi para dene yogya vastu ko rakhanA, anAdara, asmaraNa aura mAtsarya- ye pA~ca vaiyAvRtya ke aticAra haiN| pratikAra rahita upasarga, durbhikSa, bur3hApA aura roga ke upasthita hone para dharma ke liye zarIra kA tyAga karanA sallekhanA hai| yataH anta samaya kI yaha kriyA tapa kA phala hai, ataH sallekhanA dhAraNa karane vAle ko cAhiye ki vaha prIti, vaira, mamatvabhAva aura parigraha ko chor3akara zuddha mana se priya vacanoM dvArA apane kuTumbI evaM anya milane-julane vAloM se kSamA karAkara svayaM kSamA kare tathA kRta, kArita aura anumodanApUrvaka sabhI pApoM kI nizchala bhAva se AlocanA kara maraNa paryanta sthira rahane vAle mahAvratoM ko dhAraNa kre| sAtha hI zoka, bhaya, kheda, sneha, kAlupya aura aprIti ko tyAgakara dhairya aura utsAha ke sAtha zAstrarUpa amRta se citta ko prasanna kre| phira kramazaH AhAra chor3akara dugdhAdi cikane padArtho kA sevana kare, tadanantara dugdhAdi ko chor3akara snigdhatA rahita chA~cha Adi peyoM kA sevana kre| punaH unakA bhI tyAgakara garma jala kA sevana kare aura anta meM jala kA bhI tyAgakara upavAsa pUrvaka paJca namaskAra mantra kA jApa karate huye zarIra kA visarjana kre| jIvitAzaMsA, maraNAzaMsA, bhaya, mitrasmRti aura nidAna- ye pA~ca sallekhanA ke aticAra haiN| sallekhanA dhAraNa karane vAlA kSapaka pUrNa cAritra kI prApti hone para usI bhava se athavA kamI rahane para paramparA se mukti ko prApta karatA hai| ___ zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimAyeM kahI gaI haiM, jo kramazaH vRddhi ko prApta hotI haiN| samyagdarzana se zuddha; saMsAra, zarIra aura bhogoM se udAsIna, paca parameSThI

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26 anekAnta-58/1-2 kI zaraNa kA prApta hAta huye aSTa mUlaguNoM ko dhAraNa karanA dArzanika pratimA hai| zalya rahita niraticAra bAraha vratoM kA pAlana karanA vrata pratimA hai| yathokta niyamapUrvaka tInoM kAloM meM vandanA karanA sAmAyika pratimA hai| parva ke dinoM meM proSadha sambandhI niyamoM kA pAlana karanA proSadhopavAsa pratimA hai| apakva, mUla, phala, zAka, zAkhA, karIra, kanda, prasUna aura bIja ko na khAnA sacittatyAga pratimA hai| rAtri meM caturvidha AhAra na karanA rAtribhuktityAga pratimA hai| kAma-sevana se virata honA brahmacarya pratimA hai| prANaghAta ke kAraNa khetI, vyApAra Adi Arambha se nivRtta honA ArambhatyAga pratimA hai| daza prakAra ke bAhya parigrahoM se mamatva tyAgakara AtmasvarUpa meM sthita honA parigrahatyAga pratimA hai| Arambhajanita aihika kAryo meM anumati na denA anumatityAga pratimA hai aura vana meM jAkara muniyoM ke samIpa vrata grahaNakara bhikSA se prApta bhojana karate huye eka vastra dhAraNakara tapazcaraNa karanA uddiSTatyAga pratimA hai| pApa jIva kA zatru hai aura puNya jIva kA mitra athavA hitakArI hai, aisA vicAra karatA huA zrAvaka yadi Agama ko jAnatA hai to vaha kalyANa kA bhAjana hotA hai aura sabhI padArtho kI siddhi karatA hai| anta meM AcArya samantabhadra ne kAmanA kI hai ki- samyagdarzana rUpI lakSmI sukha kI bhUmi hotI huii| mujhe usI taraha sukhI kare jisa taraha sukha kI bhUmi kAminI kAmI puruSa ko sukhI karatI hai| samyagdarzana rUpI lakSmI nirdoSa zIla (tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata) se yukta hotI huI mujhe usI taraha rakSita kare jisa taraha nirdoSa zIlavatI mAtA putra ko rakSita karatI hai| samyagdarzana rUpI lakSmI mUlaguNa rUpI alaGkAroM se bhUSita mujhe usI taraha pavitra kare jisa prakAra guNabhUSita kanyA kula ko pavitra karatI hai| sukhayatu sukhabhUmiH kAminaM kAminIva sutamiva jananI mAM zuddhazIlA bhunktu| kulamiva guNabhUSA kanyakA sampunItAjiMnapatipadapadmaprekSiNI dRSTilakSmIH / / AcArya samantabhadrakRta zrAvakAcAra ke uparyukta vistRta vivecana se hameM

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anekAnta-58/1-2 jJAta hotA hai ki unhoMne jamIna se jur3e vyaktiyoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara dharmAnukUla sarala zabdoM meM apanI bAta kahI hai| unhoMne aisA koI havAI phAyara nahIM kiyA hai jo Ama AdamI kI samajha se dUra ho| jahA~ AcArya kundakunda nizcaya samyagdarzana kI carcA karate haiM aura AcArya umAsvAmI tattvoM ke zraddhAna ko samyagdarzana kahate haiM vahIM AcArya samantabhadra paramArthabhUta Apta, Agama aura guru ke zraddhAna ko samyagdarzana kahate haiN| sAtha hI ATha aGgoM sahita, tIna mUr3hatAoM aura ATha madoM se rahita honA bhI apekSita hai| isase aisA pratIta hotA hai ki AcArya samantabhadra kI dRSTi meM dIpaka kI lau kI taraha eka mAtra Apta, Agama aura guru ke prati samarpaNa honA hI samyagdarzana hai| aisA nahIM hai ki idhara sacce Apta, Agama aura guru ke prati bhI samarpita aura udhara gagI-dveSI deva, zAstra aura guru ke prati bhI smrpit| tIna mUr3hatAoM kA niSedha kara unhoMne gaMgA gaye so gaMgAdAsa aura jamanA gaye so jamanAdAsa jaisI dolAyamAna sthiti se zrAvakoM ko sAvadhAna kiyA hai| ATha madoM ke niSedha ke mUla meM ve yaha kahanA cAhate haiM ki samyagdRSTi jIva ko kula aura jAti Adi ke ahaMkAra se dUra rahanA cAhiye, kyoMki kula aura jAti Adi kA sambandha mAtra zarIra se hai AtmA se nhiiN| anya pada bhI iha laukika hI haiM, sthAyI nhiiN| isI janma ke sAtha chUTa jAne vAle haiN| samyagdarzana ke AThoM aGgo sahita hone kA tAtparya yaha hai ki Adhe-adhUre kA koI artha nahI pUrNatA meM hI phalasiddhi hai| mazIna hA eka bhI peMca-purjA idhara-udhara huA nahIM ki utpAdana yA to ruka jAyegA yA phira usameM khoTa A jAyegI, ThIka vaise hI jaise eka akSara kama hone para mantra viSa kI vedanA ko dUra karane meM samartha nahIM hotA hai| ___ AcArya samantabhadra ne samyagdarzana ke lakSaNa meM 'Apta' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai, 'deva' Adi kA nhiiN| Apta zabda meM pramANikatA hai, jabaki deva zabda caturgati meM bhramaNa karane vAle rAgI-dveSI kA vAcaka bhI ho sakatA hai| Izvara zabda kA prayoga karane se saSTikartA kA bodha ho jAtA, jo jainadarzana meM na to abhISTa hai aura na hI jaina siddhAntoM ke anukUla hI hai| isI prakAra brahmA, viSNu, maheza Adi zabdoM kA prayoga karane para sRSTi kI utpatti, pAlana aura saMhAra karane vAle ukta devatAoM kA bodha ho jaataa| ataH AcArya samantabhadra

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anekAnta-58/1-2 dvArA prayukta Apta zabda hI sarvathA upayukta hai aura aise Apta dvArA praNIta Agama tathA tadanukUla AcaraNa karane vAle guru hI sacce hoMge, anyathA nhiiN| ___ Apta zabda ko aura spaSTa karane ke liye unhoMne Apta kI tIna vizeSatAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai- dharma ke prati AsthA rakhane vAlA koI bhI vyakti apane sAdharmI bhAI kA tiraskAra nahIM karegA aura karatA hai to vaha apane dharma kA hI tiraskAra karatA hai| kyoMki dharma dhArmikajanoM ke abhAva me sambhava nahIM hai- na dharmo dhaarmikaibinaa| AcArya samantabhadra kI dRSTi meM kala aura jAti Adi kA koI mahattva nahIM hai| unakI dRSTi meM dharma hI saba kucha hai| tiryak yoni meM utpanna huA kuttA bhI dharma ke prabhAva se deva ho sakatA hai aura adharma ke kAraNa deva bhI kuttA ho jAtA hai- zvApi devo'pi devaH zvA jAyate dharmakilbiSAt / __ AcArya samantabhadra kI dRSTi meM mohI muni bhI heya hai aura mokSamArga meM sthita nirmohI gRhastha bhI upAdeya hai| kyoMki mokSamArgastha gRhastha bar3hate krama meM sthita hai, ataH samaya Ane para vaha mukti ko avazya prApta karegA aura mohI muni ghaTate krama meM sthita hai, ataH vaha naraka tiryaJcAdi gati kA pAtra hogaa| mokSamArgastha nirmohI gRhastha UrdhvamukhI hai aura mohI muni ptnonmukhii| mokSamArgastha nirmohI gRhastha kA bhaviSya ujjvala hai aura mohI muni kA bhaviSya andhkaarmy| zAstroM meM mohanIya karma kI utkRSTa Ayu sattara kor3A kor3I sAgara batalAI gaI hai| ataH usase bacane ke liye jIva ko moha kA sarvathA tyAga kara denA caahiye| AcArya samantabhadra ne mokSamArga ke bIja rUpa samyagdarzana kI jo mahimA gAI hai vaha acintya hai| isase naraka-tiryaJcAdi gatiyoM kA abhAva to ho hI jAtA hai, manuSya gati meM bhI vaha napuMsaka nahIM hogaa| strI paryAya ko prApta nahIM hogaa| nIca kula meM janma nahIM legaa| ucca kula meM janma lekara bhI vikRta aGgoM vAlA nahIM hogA, alpAyu nahIM hogA aura daridrapane ko bhI prApta nahIM hogaa| apatui usake viparIta jaba yaha samyagdarzana vikasita hogA patra-puSpAdi jaba isameM lageMge to yaha svarga aura mokSarUpa phala ko dene vAlA hogaa|

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anekAnta-58/1-2 devendracakramahimAnamameyamAnam raajendrckrmvniindrshirorcniiym| dharmendracakramadharIkRtasarvalokam labdhvA zivaM ca jinabhaktirupaiti bhavyaH / / prAcIna paramparA meM jaina sAhitya ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA haiaGga aura agavAhya / " jinakA sIdhA sambandha tIrthaGkara kI vANI se hai tathA gaNadharI dvArA racita hai, vaha aGga sAhitya hai| ye saMkhyA meM bAraha hone ke kAraNa dvAdazAgavANI ke nAma se jAne jAte haiN| bAda meM unhIM agoM ko AdhAra banAkara paravartI AcAryoM dvArA racita sAhitya aGgavAhya hai| AcArya samantabhadra ne jaina sAhitya ko prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga aura dravyAnuyoga- ina cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| cAroM anuyogo kI viSaya vastu dekhane se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki AcArya samantabhadra dvArA kiyA gayA vaha vibhAjana aGgabAhya sAhitya ko AdhAra banAkara kiyA gayA hai| yadyapi AcArya samantabhadra ne cAroM anuyogoM ke viSaya mAtra kA ullekha kiyA hai| unhoMne kahIM kisI grantha kA isa prakAra ullekha nahIM kiyA hai ki amuka grantha amuka anuyoga kA grantha hai, kintu paravartI vidvAno ne viSaya ko AdhAra banAkara cAroM anuyogoM ke granthoM kA pRthak-pRthak ullekha kiyA hai| samantabhadra dvArA batalAye gaye cAroM anuyogoM ke viSaya ko dhyAna meM rakhakara aGga sAhitya ko bhI anuyogoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai, kintu cAroM anuyogoM meM agasAhitya ko vibhakta karane kA ullekha granthoM meM mujhe dekhane ko nahI milA hai| hA~! anuyogoM ke krama ko dekhakara aisA avazya pratIta hotA hai ki AcArya samantabhadra kA yaha krama-nirdhAraNa eka sAmAnya anagar3ha vyakti ko gar3hane kI prakriyA hai| sAmAnyatayA vyakti sarvaprathama una tiresaThazalAkA purUSoM ke jIvana kA adhyayana kare aura jAne ki sasAra aura zarIra kI sthiti kyA hai? aura usase ubharane ke liye hamAre Adarza puNyazloka puruSoM ne kyA kiyA hai? tathA kaise mokSamArga meM ArUr3ha huye haiM? yaha saba jAnane ke pazcAt karaNAnuyoga kA svAdhyAya kara karma aura karmaphala ko jaane| tadanantara caraNAnuyoga kA svAdhyAya

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30 anekAnta-58/1-2 kara tadanusAra AcaraNa kare aura anta meM dravyAnuyoga kA svAdhyAya kara Atmatattva kA cintana kre| isa krama se anuyogoM kA svAdhyAya karane vAlA eka sAmAnya vyakti bhI apanI dhArmika yAtrA prArambha kara apanI maMjila ko prApta kara sakatA hai| ___mokSamArga kI yAtrA kA antima par3Ava cAritra hai| isake binA ananta Ananda ke sAgara siddhatva pada kI prApti asambhava hai| cAritra ke jina do bhedoM-sakala saMyama aura vikala saMyama kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai, unameM jIvana ko mukti to sakalasaMyama se hI hogI, kintu sabhI jIvoM meM eka samAna zakti nahIM hotI hai| ataH jo zakti sampanna haiM ve thoka meM sadAcaraNa karane hetu sakalasaMyama dhAraNa karate haiM aura jo alpazakti vAle haiM, ve phuTakara-phuTakara vratoM kA pAlana karane hetu vikalasaMyama dhAraNa karate haiN| alpa zakti vAle vyakti munidharma kI pUrvAvasthA zrAvakadharma kA pAlana kareM, isake liye pA~ca aNuvratoM, tIna guNavratoM aura cAra zikSAvratoM tathA jIvana ke anta meM sallekhanA dhAraNa karane kA vidhAna hai| dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ke anusAra sAmAjika sthitiyoM meM nirantara utAra-car3hAva AtA rahatA hai| ataH pUrvavartI aura paravartI AcAryoM ke vicAroM meM matabheda bhI dekhane ko milatA hai, kintu ise manabheda nahIM samajhanA caahiye| AcArya somadevasUri kA yaha kathana sarvatra svAgata yogya hai ki sarva eva hi jainAnAM pramANaM laukiko vidhiH| yatra sakyaktvahAnirna yatra na vrtduussnnm||6| mUla do bAtoM kA vizeSa dhyAna rakhA jAnA cAhiye- prathama yaha ki jIva ke dharma ke mUla samyagdarzana kI hAni nahIM honI cAhiye aura dvitIya yaha ki jIva dvArA svIkRta vratoM meM kisI bhI prakAra kA dUSaNa nahIM laganA caahiye| yahA~ AcArya samantabhadra ke vivecana meM jo pUrvAcAryo se matabheda hai, usameM ukta donoM mUla bAtoM se kahIM koI TakarAva nahIM hai| paoNca aNuvratoM ko sabhI pUrvavartI evaM paravartI AcAryoM ne prAyaH samAna rUpa se svIkAra kiyA hai| hA~!

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anekAnta-58/1-2 31 AcArya vIranandI, vIra cAmuNDadAya aura paNDitapravara AzAdhara ne rAtribhojana tyAga ko chaThA aNuvrata mAnA hai / " aNuvratoM kI rakSA ke liye aticAroM se bacanA apekSita hai| AcArya umAsvAmI ne to vratoM meM sthiratA lAne ke liye pratyeka vrata kI pA~ca-pA~ca bhAvanAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai tathA anya bhI aneka bhAvanAoM kA pRthak vivecana kiyA hai / " tattvArthasUtra aura AcArya samantabhadrakRta zrAvakAcAra meM ullekhita aticAroM para dRSTipAta karane se jJAta hotA hai ki tattvArthasUtra meM parigraha parimANa vrata ke jo aticAra batalAye gaye haiM, unase paoNca kI eka nizcita saMkhyA kA atikramaNa hotA hai tathA bhogopabhogavrata ke jo aticAra batalAye gaye haiM, ve kevala bhoga para hI ghaTita hote haiM, upabhoga para nahIM, jabaki vrata ke nAmAnusAra unakA donoM para hI ghaTita honA Avazyaka hai / ataH AcArya samantabhadra ne ukta donoM hI vratoM ke eka naye hI prakAra ke pA~ca-pA~ca aticAroM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai, jisase AcArya samantabhadra kA aticAra vivecana sarvAdhika yuktisaMgata pratIta hotA hai / " / sabhI AcAryo ne zrAvaka ke aSTa mUlaguNoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, kintu ve ATha mUlaguNa kauna-kauna se haiM? isameM AcAryo meM paraspara matabheda hai bhinna-bhinna vicAradhArA ke bAvajUda bhinna-bhinna AcAryo kA mUla uddezya eka mAtra ahiMsA hI hai aura vaha kahIM bhI vikhaNDita nahIM huA hai / AcArya samantabhadra ne tIna makAra aura pA~ca aNuvratoM ko zrAvaka ke aSTa mUlaguNa svIkAra kiyA hai| 20 isI prakAra AcArya zivakoTi ne bhI uparyukta ATha mUlaguNa svIkAra kiye haiM, kintu ajJAniyoM athavA bAlakoM kI dRSTi se unhoMne paJcANuvratoM ke pAlane ke sthAna para paJca udambaraphaloM ke tyAga kA hI aSTamUlaguNoM meM samAveza kiyA hai / " mahApurANakAra AcArya jinasena ne prAyaH AcArya samantabhadra kA hI anusaraNa kiyA hai| hA~ ! itanA vizeSa hai ki unhoMne madhu ke sthAna para dyUta (juA) tyAga kA ullekha kiyA hai aura madhutyAga ko mAMsatyAga meM garbhita kara liyA hai| 22 24 AcArya somadevasUri 2" AcArya amRtacandrasUri 2", AcArya padmanandI 25,

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anekAnta-58/1-2 AcArya devasena26 paNDitapravara AzAdhara 27 aura kavi rAjamalla Adi ne tIna makAroM aura paJca udambara phaloM kA tyAga- ina ATha ko hI zrAvakoM ke mUlaguNa kahA hai| itanA hI nahIM hindI bhASA meM likhita kavi padmakRta zrAvakAcAra", kizanasiMhakRta kriyAkopa aura daulatarAmakata kriyAkopa" meM bhI uparyukta tIna makAroM aura paJca udambara phaloM ke tyAga ko hI apTa mUlaguNa kahA hai| paNDitapravara AzAdhara ne apane sAgAradharmAmRta meM kvacit ke nAma se jina aSTamUlaguNoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, ve isa prakAra haiM- madya tyAga, mAMsa tyAga, madhu tyAga, rAtri bhojana tyAga, paJcodambaraphala tyAga, deva vandanA, jIva dayA aura jlgaaln| 32 zrAvaka ke ina aSTa mUlaguNoM para bhI vidvAnoM ko vicAra karanA caahiye| AcArya samantabhadra ne zrAvaka dvArA svIkRta aNuvratoM kI rakSA ke liye tIna guNavratoM aura cAra zikSAvratoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| ina donoM ko milAkara saptazIla bhI kahate haiN| AcArya umAsvAmI ne saptazIloM kA eka sAtha kathana kiyA hai| 33 unhoMne saptazIloM ko pRthak-pRthak guNavrata aura zikSAvrata jaise bhedoM meM vibhAjita nahIM kiyA hai| zIla zabda kA prayoga bhI unhoMne aticAroM kA ullekha karane se pUrva kiyA hai- vratazIleSu paJca paJca yathAkramam / jabaki AcArya samantabhadra ne na kevala vibhAjana kiyA hai, apitu bhinna-bhinna paricchedoM meM bhI unakA vivecana kiyA hai| umAsvAmI ne digvrata, dezavrata aura anarthadaNDa virati- ina tIna kA saptazIloM ke antargata prArambha meM ullekha kiyA hai| ataH prathama ina tIna ko guNavratoM aura bAda ke cAra ko zikSAvratoM kI saMjJA dI jAye to svAmI samantabhadra ne jina guNavratoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, unameM bheda pratIta hotA hai| arthAt umAsvAmI ke anusAra upabhogaparibhogaparimANavrata zikSAvrata hai, jabaki AcArya samantabhadra ke anusAra vaha guNavrata hai| umAsvAmI ne jise upabhoga kahA hai vaha AcArya samantabhadra ke anusAra bhoga hai| jise umAsvAmI ne paribhoga kahA hai, vaha svAmI samantabhadra ke anusAra upabhoga hai| svAmI samantabhadra ne bhoga aura upabhoga kI spaSTa paribhASA dI hai

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anekAnta-581-2 bhuktvA parihAtavyo bhogo bhuktvA punazca bhoktvyH| upabhogo'zanavasanaprabhRtiH paJcendriyo vissyH||3 bhojana aura vastra Adi jo paJcendriya ke viSaya haiM, unameM jo eka bAra bhogakara chor3a dene yogya hai, vaha bhAga hai aura jo bhogakara punaH bhogane yogya hai, vaha upabhoga hai| sapta zIlo ke antargata prathama tIna guNavrata sthAnIya vratoM meM umAsvAmI ne jo dezavrata grahaNa kiyA hai vaha AcArya samantabhadra kI dRSTi meM dezAvakAzikavrata hai, jise unhoMne zikSAvratoM meM grahaNa kiyA hai| ye donoM paribhASA kI dRSTi se eka hI haiM, mAtra nAmoM meM antara hai| umAsvAmI ne sapta zIloM meM atithi saMvibhAgavata svIkAra kiyA hai, jabaki samantabhadra ne usake sthAna para vaiyAvRtya ko parigaNita kiyA hai| umAsvAmI ne zrAvaka ke eka vizeSa kartavya dAna kA pRthak ullekha mAtra kiyA hai aura usake bhedoM kA to nAma bhI nahIM liyA hai, vahIM AcArya samantabhadra ne dAna ko vaiyAvRtya ke antargata mAnA hai aura usake cAra bheda bhI kiye haiN| sallekhanA ke pA~ca aticAroM meM umAsvAmI ne sukhAnubandha (pUrva meM bhoge gaye bhogoM kA smaraNa karanA) kA ullekha kiyA hai, jabaki AcArya samantabhadra ne usake sthAna para bhaya ko grahaNa kiyA hai, jo ihaloka aura paraloka rUpa bhaya kI ora izArA karatA hai| yahA~ aisA pratIta hotA hai ki svAmI samantabhadra ne sukhAnubandha ko nidAna meM parigRhIta kara bhaya ko pRthak sthAna diyA hai| ___ AcArya kundakunda ne jahA~ zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimAoM kA mAtra nAmollekha kiyA hai aura AcArya umAsvAmI ne inakI carcA bhI nahIM kI hai unakA vistAra se ullekha AcArya samantabhadra ne kiyA hai| isakA kAraNa sambhavataH yaha hai ki kundakunda aura umAsvAmI ne prasaGgavazAt zrAvakadharma kI carcA kI hai, jabaki AcArya samantabhadra ne zrAvakadharma ko lakSya karake usakA sAGgopAGga vivecana kiyA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki AcArya samantabhadra ne zrAvaka kI AcAra saMhitA kA jo vistRta aura spaSTa vivecana kiyA hai, vaha Adya to hai hI.

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anekAnta-58/1-2 yuktisaMgata bhI hai| ataH usakA samyaktayA paripAlana kara Atma-kalyANa karanA caahiye| grantha - sandarbha 1. samIcIna dharmazAstra, bhASyakAra-jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' prathama saMskaraNa, prakA - vIra sevA mandira, dillI, sana 1955 prastAvanA. papTa 371 2. zrAvakAcAra saMgraha, caturthabhAga, sampA. eva anu -siddhAntAcArya pa. hIrAlAla zAstrI nyAyatIrtha, prakA - phalaTaNa, prathama saskaraNa, san 1979, grantha aura granthakAra paricaya, pR 17 / 3. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa para vizada prakAza, lekhaka - jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra', prakA - zrIvIra zAsana sagha, kalakattA, prathama saskaraNa san 1956, pRSTha 172 / 4. vahI, pRSTha 149 se 486 taka ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcAra, hindI rUpAntarakAra eva sampAdaka - paM. pannAlAla 'vasanta' sAhityAcArya, prakAzaka-vIra sevA mandira TrasTa, vArANasI, prathama saskaraNa, san 1972, prastAvanA, pRSTha 91 6. cAritrapAhuDa, gAthA 51 7. vahI, gAthA 20 / 8. vahI, gAthA 21 se 251 9. tattvArthasUtra 7/1 10. niHzalyo vratI - tattvArthasUtra 7/18 11. tattvArthasUtra 7/17-38 12. ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra, padya 150 13. draSTavya, ApTekRta saMskRta-hindI koza 14. ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra, padya 41 15. tattvArthasUtra 1/10 16. yazastilaka campU 17. AcArya samantabhadra saMgoSThI, sampAdaka - prAcArya narendraprakAza jaina eva DaoN jayakumAra jaina, prakAzaka - AcArya zAntisAgara (chANI) smRti grantha mAlA meM prakAzita ratnakaraNDa tathA anyAnya zrAvakAcAra : pro rAjArAma jaina, pRSTha 32 18. tattvArthasUtra 7/2-12

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anekAnta-58/1-2 19. zrAvakAcAra sagraha, caturthabhAga, prastAvanA, pRSTha 111 20. ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcAra, padya 66 / 21. ratnamAlA, padya 19 (zrAvakAcAra sagraha, bhAga 3, pRSTha 411) draSTavya, zrAvakAcAra saMgraha, bhAga 1, pRSTha 251 / 23. yazAstilaka campU mahAkAvya (uttarArddha) 7/1 24 puruSArthasiddhayupAya, padya 61 25 padmanandi paJcavizatikA, zrAvakAcAra, padya 23 26. zrI devasena viracita prAkRta bhAvasaMgraha (zrAvakAcAra sagraha, bhAga 3, pR. 440) 27. sAgAradharmAmRta 2/2 28. paJcAdhyAyI 2/726 29. padmakRta zrAvakAcAra, DhAla naresuAnI padma 17 (zrAvakAcAra sagraha, bhAga 5, pR 41) 30 kizanasiMhakRta kriyAkoSa, parca 63-64 (zrAvakAcAra saMgraha, bhAga 5, pR. 115) 31 zrI daulatarAmakRta kriyAkoSa, padya 74-75 (zrAvakAcAra sagraha, bhAga 5, pR. 244) 32 sAgAradharmAmRta 2/18 (zrAvakAcAra sagraha, bhAga 2, pRSTha 8) 33 tattvArthasUtra 7/21 34. vahIM, 7/24 35 ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcAra, padya 83 36. tattvArthasUtra 7/38 37 vahI, 7/37 -rIDara evaM adhyakSa-jaina-bauddhadarzana vibhAga kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI

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AcArya pUjyapAda aura unakA iSTopadeza -DaoN. narendra kumAra jaina bhAratIya vasundharA racanAkAroM ke lie bar3I urvara rahI hai| jisa pRSThabhUmi kI AvazyakatA eka sAhitya sarjaka ko hotI hai vaisI pRSThabhUmi bhAratIya vasundharA aura usa para nivAsa karane vAle logoM kI rahI hai| yahA~ vyakti kA Adara-sammAna usake vyakti hone ke kAraNa nahIM apitu usake vyaktitva kI camaka-damaka evaM pradeya se A~kA jAtA hai| 'iSTopadeza' grantha ke racayitA AcArya pUjyapAda aise hI sAhitya-sarjakoM meM se haiM jinhoMne apanI mahanIya kRtiyoM se Ama jana ko to upakRta kiyA hI hai svayaM ko bhI sammAnanIyoM kI zreNI meM bitthaayaa| unake vyaktitva meM hameM eka saMskRtajJa kavi, dArzanika, vaiyAkaraNa, tArkika, vAgmI aura dhyeyavAn vyaktitva ke darzana sahaja hI ho jAte haiN| ve sAhitya jagata kI amara vibhUti haiN| AdipurANa ke kartA AcArya jinasena ne unheM kaviyoM meM tIrthakara mAnate hue unake vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kA guNagAna kiyA hai| ve likhate haiM kavInAM tIrthakaddevaH kiM tarAM tatra vrnnyte| viduSAM vAGamaladhvaMsi tIrthaM yasya vcomym||' (AdipurANa 1/52) arthAt jo kaviyoM meM tIrthakara ke samAna the aura jinakA vacana rUpI tIrtha vidvAnoM ke vacanamala ko dhone vAlA hai una deva arthAt devanandi AcArya kI stuti karane meM bhalA kauna samartha hai? yahA~ ullekhanIya hai ki AcArya devanandi hI AcArya pUjyapAda haiN| zravaNa belagolA se prApta zilAlekha ke anusAra yo devanandiprathamAbhidhAno buddhayA mahatyA sa jinendra buddhiH / zrI pUjyapAdo'jani devatAbhiryatpUjitaM pAdayugaM yadIyaM / /

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anekAnta-58/1-2 32 jainendre nija zabda-bhogamatulaM sarvArthasiddhiH praa| siddhAnte nipuNatvamuddhakavitAM jainAbhiSekaH svkH|| chandassUkSmadhiyaM samAdhizatakaM svAsthyaM yadIyaM vidAmAkhyAtIha sa pUjyapAda-munipaH pUjyo munInAM gnnaiH||' arthAt jinakA prathama nAma devanandi thaa| ve buddhi kI mahattA ke kAraNa jinendrabuddhi aura devatAoM dvArA caraNa pUje jAne ke kAraNa pUjyapAda khlaaye| unhoMne jainendra vyAkaraNa, sarvArthasiddhi jaisA utkRSTa siddhAntagrantha, jaina abhiSeka (janmAbhiSeka) tathA apanI sUkSma buddhi se samAdhizataka Adi granthoM kI racanA . kii| vaha pUjyapAda AcArya muniyoM ke samUhoM ke dvArA pUjanIya haiN| AcArya pUjyapAda ke pitA kA nAma mAdhavabhaTTa aura mAtA kA nAma zrIdevI jJAta hotA hai| ye karnATaka ke kole nAmaka grAma ke nivAsI aura brAhmaNa kulabhUSaNa the| bAlyakAla meM hI nAga dvArA nigale gaye meMDhaka kI vyAkulatA dekhakara inheM saMsAra se vairAgya ho gayA aura unhoMne digambarI jinadIkSA grahaNa kara lii| ve mUlasaMgha ke antargata nandisaMgha balAtkAra gaNa ke paTTAdhIza the| vidvAnoM ne isakA samaya IsvI san kI chaThI zatAbdI mAnA hai| AcArya pUjyapAda dvArA viracita racanAeM isa prakAra haiM1. dazabhakti, 2. janmAbhiSeka, 3. tattvArthavRtti (sarvArthasiddhiH), 4. samAdhi tantra, 5. iSTopadeza, 6. jainendra vyAkaraNa, 7. siddhipriya stotra ina kRtiyoM se AcAryapUjyapAda kI mahattA bar3hatI hI gyii| jJAnArNava ke kartA AcArya zubhacandra ke anusAra apAkurvanti yadvAcaH kAyavAk cittasambhavam / kalaGkamaGginAM so'yaM devanandI nmsyte||' arthAt jinakI zAstrapaddhati prANiyoM ke zarIra, vacana aura citta ke sabhI prakAra ke mala ko dUra karane meM samartha hai una devanandI AcArya ko maiM praNAma karatA huuN|

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anekAnta-58/1-2 mahanIya evaM mananIya kRti : iSTopadeza - ___ AcArya pUjyapAda kRta ipTopadeza meM kula 51 zloka haiN| zloka parimANa kI dRSTi se yaha laghukAya kRti hai kintu isameM bhare hue adhyAtma rasa ke kAraNa yaha mahanIya kati hai| isakA viSaya Atma svarUpa sambodhana hai| grantha ke nAma 'iSTopadeza' ke viSaya meM grantha ke anta meM AcArya pUjyapAda ne svayaM likhA hai ki iSTopadezamati samyagadhItya dhImAn mAnApamAnasamatAM svmtaadvitny| muktAgraho vinivasansajane vane vA muktizriyaM nirUpamAmupayAti bhvyH||' arthAt buddhimAn bhavya puruSa isa prakAra iSTopadeza graMtha ko acchI taraha par3hakara ke apane AtmajJAna se mAna-apamAna ke samatAbhAva ko phailAkara Agraha ko tyAgatA huA gA~va Adi meM athavA vana meM nivAsa karatA huA upamA rahita mukti lakSmI ko prApta karatA hai| ___ jo hamAre lie iSTa ho; usakA upadeza isa graMtha meM milatA hai| iSTa vahI hotA hai jisase AtmA kA hita hotA hai| upadeza bhI vahI sArthaka evaM kAryakArI mAnA jAtA hai jo lakSya kA smaraNa karAkara lakSya taka pahu~cane kI preraNA de ske| isa dRSTi se iSTopadeza kRti kI apanI mahattA hai| DaoN. nemicandra jyotiSAcArya ke anusAra- 'isakI racanA kA ekamAtra hetu yahI hai ki saMsArI AtmA apane svarUpa ko pahacAnakara zarIra, indriya evaM sAMsArika anya padArtho se apane ko bhinna anubhava karane lge| asAvadhAna banA prANI viSaya bhogoM meM hI apane samasta jIvana ko vyatIta na kara de|' 5 "isa grantha ke adhyayana se AtmA kI zakti vikasita ho jAtI hai aura svAtmAnubhUti ke Adhikya ke kAraNa mAna-apamAna, lAbha, harSa-viSAda Adi meM samatAbhAva prApta hotA hai| saMsAra kI yathArtha sthiti kA parijJAna prApta hone se rAga-dveSa, moha kI pariNati ghaTatI hai| isa laghukAya grantha meM samayasAra kA sAra

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anekAnta-58/1-2 39 aMkita kiyA gayA hai| zailI sarala aura pravAhamaya hai|" ___ iSTopadeza eka preraka kRti hai jo Atma-jAgaraNa kI saMvAhikA hai| jIvana ke duHkha-sukha karmajanya haiN| deha aura AtmA ko ekarUpa mAnane ke kAraNa use saMsAra ke duHkha uThAne par3ate haiN| yadi vaha jIva saMsAra paribhramaNa se chuTakArA pAnA cAhatA hai to apanI manodazA ko sthira kara AtmabhAvoM ko jagAkara AtmasvarUpa meM ramaNa karanA cAhie tabhI vaha sva-svarUpa ko prApta kara sakatA hai| 'iSTopadeza' meM inhIM bhAvanAoM ko zabdAMkita karate hue jina pramukha vinduoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai vaha isa prakAra haiM vrata-avrata - pApa kAryo se virata honA vrata hai' aura pApa kAryo meM rata rahanA avrata hai| AcArya pUjyapAda ne ipTopadeza meM batAyA hai ki varaM vrataiH padaM daivaM, nAvratairvata naarkN| chAyA tapasthayorbhedaH pratipAlayatormahAn arthAt vratoM ke dvArA devapada prApta karanA zreSTha hai; kintu avratoM ke dvArA naraka pada prApta karanA acchA nahIM hai| vrata aura avrata meM chAyA aura dhUpa kI taraha antara hotA hai| bhoga roga tathA duHkha-svarUpa haiM - iSTopadeza ke anusAra- 'deha dhAriyoM ko jo sukha aura duHkha hotA hai vaha kevala kalpanA (vAsanA yA saMskAra) janya hI hai| bhoga bhI Apatti ke samaya rogoM kI taraha prANiyoM ko AkulatA pradAna karane vAle hote haiN| duHkha karmajanya hote haiM - iSTopadeza ke anusAra "virAdhakaH kathaM hantre, janAya parikupyati' 10 arthAt jisane pUrva meM dUsare ko satAyA hai; aisA puruSa usa satAye gaye aura vartamAna meM apane ko mArane vAle ke prati kyoM krodhita hotA hai ? yahA~ tAtparya yaha hai ki yadi pUrva janma meM jIva ne kisI ko duHkha pahu~cAyA hai to isa janma meM use usakA phala bhoganA hI pdd'egaa| deha (zarIra) kA saMyoga bhI jIva ke duHkha kA kAraNa hai ataH vaha bhAvanA bhAtA hai ki

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anekAnta-58/1-2 duHkhasaMdohabhAgitvaM, saMyogAdiha dehinAm / tyajAmyenaM tataH sarva, mnovaakkaaykrmbhiH||| arthAt saMsArI prANiyoM ko saMyoga se duHkhoM ke samUha kA bhAgIdAra bananA par3atA hai ataH ina sabako maiM mana, vacana, kAya se tyAgatA huuN| saMsAra-paribhramaNa - yaha jIva ajJAna se rAga-dveSa rUpI do lambI DoriyoM kI khIMcAtAnI se saMsAra rUpI samudra meM bahuta kAla taka ghUmatA rahatA hai, parivartana karatA rahatA hai| 12 deha-Atma sambandha - yadyapi zarIra, ghara, dhana, strI, putra, mitra, zatra Adi saba anya svabhAva ko lie hue haiM parantu mUr3haprANI mohanIya karma ke jAla meM pha~sakara unheM AtmA ke samAna mAnatA hai| jabaki sthiti yaha hai ki- jo kArya AtmA kA upakAra karane vAlA hai, vaha zarIra kA apakAra karane vAlA hai tathA jo zarIra kA upakAra karane vAlA hai vaha AtmA kA apakAra karane vAlA hai| yaha AtmA AtmAnubhava dvArA spaSTa prakaTa hotA hai, jAnA jAtA hai| zarIra ke barAbara hai, avinAzI hai, anantasukhavAlA hai tathA loka aura aloka ko jAnane-dekhane vAlA hai| jIva (AtmA) anya hai aura pudgala (zarIra) anya hai| isa prakAra tatva kA sAra hai|" dhana se sukha kaise? sukha to tyAga meM hai - jaise koI jvarazIla prANI ghI khAkara apane ko svastha mAnane laga jAye, usI prakAra koI eka manuSya muzkila se paidA kiye gaye tathA jisakI rakSA karanA kaThina hai aura phira bhI naSTa ho jAne vAle haiM; aise dhana-AdikoM se apane ko sukhI mAnane laga jAtA hai|" kAla vyatIta hone va Ayu ke kSaya ko bhI dhanavRddhi kA kAraNa mAnane vAle dhanI vyakti yaha nahIM samajhate ki unakA jIvana ghaTa jaayegaa| unake lie to jIvana se adhika dhana iSTa hai| vAstava meM sukha dhanasaMcaya meM nahIM balki usake tyAga meM hai| 'iSTopadeza' ke anusAra tyAgAya zreyase vittamavittaH saMcinoti yH| sva zarIraM sa paGkena, snAsyAmIti vilimpti||19

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anekAnta-58/1-2 arthAt jo manuSya tyAga (dAna) karane ke liye athavA apane sukha ke lie dhana saMcita karatA hai; vaha aisA hI hai jaise vaha snAna kara lU~gA; yaha socakara apane zarIra ko kIcar3a se lIpatA hai| bhogopabhoga asevya - Arambha meM saMtApa ke kAraNa, prApta hone para atRpti kAraka tathA anta meM jo bar3I kaThinAI se bhI chor3e nahIM jA sakate; aise bhogopabhoga ko kauna vidvAn Asakti ke sAtha sevana karegA? 20 moha kA kAraNa ajJAna hai aura jJAna se uttama tattva kI prApti hotI haiiSTopadeza ke anusAra - 'mohena saMvRtaM jJAnaM, svabhAvaM labhate na hi' 21 arthAt moha se DhakA huA jJAna vAstavika svabhAva ko nahIM jAna pAtA hai| ataH ajJAna kI sevA chor3akara jJAna kI upAsanA karanA cAhie; kyoMki ajJAnI kI sevA - upAsanA ajJAna detI hai aura jJAniyoM kI sevA-upAsanA jJAna utpanna karatI hai| yaha bAta acchI taraha prasiddha hai ki jisake pAsa jo kucha hotA hai, usI ko vaha detA hai ajJAnopAstirajJAnaM, jJAnaM jnyaanismaashryH| dadAti yattu yasyAsti, suprasiddhamidaM vacaH / / 22 jJAna se jisa uttama tattva kI prApti hotI hai usase viSayoM ke prati aruci bar3hatI hai yathA yathA samAyAti, saMvittau tttvmuttmm| . tathA tathA na rocante, viSayAH sulabhA api|| yathA yathA na rocante, viSayAH sulabhA api| tathA tathA samAyAti, saMvittau tttvmuttmm||23 arthAt jaise-jaise jJAna meM uttama tattva AtA jAtA hai vaise-vaise sulabhatA se prApta hote hue bhI viSaya bhoga rucate nahIM haiN| jaise-jaise sulabha viSaya bhI AtmA ko rucate nahIM haiM vaise-vaise apane jJAna se zreSTha AtmA kA svarUpa pratibhAsita hone lagatA hai, uttama tattva kI prApti hone lagatI hai|

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anekAnta-58/1-2 karma nirjarA - AtmA ke citavana rUpa dhyAna se tathA parISaha Adi kA anubhava na hone ke kAraNa karmo ke Asava ko rokane vAlI nirjarA zIghra hone lagatI hai| 24 Atma dhyAna kA Ananda nirantara bahuta se karma rUpI Idhana ko jalAtA hai| jIva mukti hetu cintana - iSTopadeza ke anusAra badhyate mucyate jIvaH samamo nirmamaH krmaat| tasmAtsarva prayatnena, nirmamatvaM vicintyet|| 25 arthAt mamatA bhAva vAlA jIva karmo se ba~dhatA hai aura mamatArahita jIva mukta ho jAtA hai| isalie pUre prayatna ke sAtha sAmya bhAva kA citavana karanA caahie| mohabhAva se maiMne sabhI pudgala paramANuoM ko bAra-bAra bhogA aura chor3A hai| aba jUThana ke samAna una tyakta padArtho ke prati icchA hI nahIM hai| aisI sthiti meM paropakRtimutsRjya svopakAraparo bhv| upakurvanparasyAjJaH, dRzyamAnasya lokavat / / 28 arthAt para ke upakAra kA tyAga karake apane upakAra meM tatpara ho jaa| dikhAI dene vAle isa jagat kI taraha ajJAnI jIva anya padArtha kA upakAra karatA huA pAyA jAtA hai| __ antima lakSya-AtmabhAva kI prApti - AtmabhAva se mokSa kI prApti hotI hai- "yatra bhAvaH zivaM dtte|" 29 ataH mana kI ekagratA se indriyoM ko vaza meM kara, citta vRtti ko ekAgra kara apane meM sthita AtmA kA dhyAna karanA caahie| guru kA upadeza isameM sahakArI banatA hai| kahA bhI hai gurupadezAbhyAsAtsaMvitteH svaparAntaram / / yaH sa jAnAti mokSa saukhyaM nirntrm||"

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anekAnta-58/1-2 arthAta jo guru ke upadeza se abhyAsa karate hue apane jJAna (svasaMvedana) se apane aura para ke aMtara (bheda) ko jAnatA hai vaha mokSa sambandhI sukha kA anubhava karatA rahatA hai| jIvana bhAvanA bhAtA. hai ki eko'haM nirmamaH zaddho, jJAnI yogiindrgocrH|| bAhyAH saMyogajA bhAvA, mattaH sarve'pi srvthaa|| 32 arthAt maiM eka, mamatArahita, zuddha, jJAnI, yogIndroM ke dvArA jAnane lAyaka huuN| saMyogajanya jitane bhI dehAdika padArtha haiM ve mujhase sarvathA bhinna haiN| na me mRtyuH kuto bhItirna meM vyAdhiH kuto vythaa| nAhaM bAlo na vRddhohaM, na yuvaitAni pudgale / / 33 arthAt merI mRtyu nahIM taba bhaya kisakA? mujhe vyAdhi nahIM taba pIr3A kaise? na maiM bAla hU~, na maiM bUDhA hU~, na yuvA hU~; ye saba dazAeM paudgAlika zarIra meM hI pAyI jAtI haiN| apanI AtmA kI sad abhilASA hone se, apane priya padArtha AtmA ko jAnane vAlA hone se, apane Apa apane hita kA prayoga karane vAlA hone se AtmA hI AtmA kA guru hai| ataH kahate haiM ki avidyAbhiduraM jyotiH paraM jJAnamayaM mht|| tatpraSTavyaM tadeSTavyaM tadraSTavyaM mumukssubhiH||35 arthAt ajJAnarUpa aMdhakAra ko naSTa karane vAlI AtmA kI utkRSTa jyoti mahAna jJAna rUpa hai| mokSAbhilASI puruSoM ke lie vahI (usI ke viSaya meM) pUchanA cAhiye, usI ko pAne kA prayatna karanA cAhie, usI kA darzana karanA caahie| kyoMki paraH parastato duHkhamAtmaivAtmA tataH sukhm| ataeva mahAtmAnastannimittaM kRtodymaaH||36

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anekAnta-58/1-2 ___ arthAt dUsarA dUsarA hI hai, isaliye usase duHkha hotA hai aura AtmA AtmA hI hai isaliye usase sukha hotA hai| isaliye mahAtmAoM ne AtmA ke lie hI udyama (puruSArtha) kiyA hai| aura jaba AtmA meM sthiratA A jAtI hai to bruvannapi hi na brUte, gacchannapi na gcchti| sthirIkRtAtmatattvastu, pazyannapi na pshyti|| arthAt jisane AtmasvarUpa ke viSaya meM sthiratA prApta kara lI hai aisA yogI bolate hue bhI nahIM bolatA, calate hue bhI nahIM calatA aura dekhate hue bhI nahIM dekhatA hai| ukta sthiti AtmayogI kI hotI hai| yahI jIva kA antima lakSya hotA hai ki use punaH saMsAra meM nahIM AnA par3e aura use mokSa sukha mile| isa taraha AcArya pUjyapAda svAmI ne apanI kRti 'iSTopadeza' ke mAdhyama se jIva ko saMsAra ke duHkhoM se paricita karAte hue usakA hita AtmaramaNa meM hI hai; isakA saccA abhISTa upadeza diyA hai; jo pratyeka mumukSu ke lie mananIya evaM AcaraNIya hai| sandarbha (1) AcArya jinasena : AdipurANa 1/52, (2) jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, prathama bhAga, abhilekha sakhyA 40 pR. 24, zloka 10-11, (3) AcArya zubhacandra : jJAnArNava 1/35, (4) AcArya pUjyapAda - iSTopadeza - 51, (5) bhagavAna mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA - 2/221, (6) vahI, 2/221-230, (7) "hiMsAnRtasteyAbahma parigrahebhyo virativratam" ; tattvArthasUtra 7/1, (8) ipTopadeza - 3, (9) vAsanA mAtramaivetat, sukha duHkhaM ca dehinaam| __ tathA hyudvejayantyete, bhogA rogA ivApadi / / vahI-6 (10) vahI-10, (11) vahI-28, (12) vahI-11, (13) vahI-8, (14) vahI-19, (15) vahI-21, (16) vahI-50, (17) vahI-13, (18) vahI-14, (19) vahI-16, (20) vahI-17, (21) vahI-7, (22) vahI-23, (23) vahI-37-38, (24) vahI-24, (25) vahI-48, (26) vahI-26, (27) vahI-30, (28) vahI-32, (29) vahI-4, (30) vahI-22, (31) vahI-33, (32) vahI-27, (33) vahI-29, (34) vahI-34, (35) vahI-49, (36) vahI-45, (37) vahI-41 -e-27, narmadA vihAra, sanAvAda-451111 (ma. pra.)

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prAcIna saMskRta sAhitya meM pratibimbita rAjadharmaH siddhAnta evaM vyavahAra -DaoN. mukeza baMsala sAmAnyataH rAjA ke dharma ko rAjadharma kahA gayA hai| parantu saMskRta sAhitya me rAjadharma zabda kA prayoga isase kahIM adhika vyApaka rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| mahAbhArata ke zAMti parva meM zAsana kI kalA evaM usase saMbaMdhita zAstra kI carcA karate hue rAjadharma ko sabhI dharmo kA sAra evaM vizva kA sabase bar3A uddezya batAyA gayA hai| rAjadharma ke antargata rAjA ke karttavya, AcAra-vicAra, vyavahAra, guNa tathA zAsana ke vibhinna aMgoM para prAcIna kAla se hI cintana-manana hotA rahA hai| rAjadharma kI vizeSatA aura mahattva ke kAraNa hI vaizAlAkSa, bRhaspati, uzanA Adi ke dvArA zAsana-saMbaMdhI viSayoM para zAstra likhe jAne kA ullekha mahAbhArata meM prApta hotA hai| zukranItisAra meM rAjA ko svarNa yuga kA pravartaka athavA deza kI vipatti, yuddha evaM azAnti se rakSA karane vAlA batAte hue usake dharma ko rAjadharma mAnA gayA haiN| manusmRti meM rAjadharma zabda kA prayoga nRpatantra athavA rAjatantra ke sAmAnyataH pracalita siddhAntoM evaM niyamoM ke lie kiyA gayA hai| rAjadharma aura rAjazAstra paryAya rUpa meM prAcIna sAhitya meM prayukta kiye gaye haiN| mahAbhArata evaM arthazAstra sahita vibhinna granthoM meM rAjadharma ko rAjazAstra athavA rAjyAnuzAsana ke artho meM prayukta kiyA gayA hai| pramukha smRtiyoM meM rAjya-vyavasthA kA varNana rAjadharma ke nAma se kiyA gayA hai| samAja ke vibhinna vargoM ke kartavyoM kA varNana karane vAle dharmazAstroM athavA itihAsa-purANa graMthoM meM rAjya-saMbaMdhI niyamoM kA varNana, rAjA ke karttavya ke rUpa meM rAjadharma ke nAma se kiyA gayA hai| rAjadharma ke jo niyama smRtiyoM athavA dharmazAstroM meM diye gaye haiM, unhe usI prakAra vibhinna rAjanItika vyavasthA se saMbaMdhita graMthoM

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anekAnta-58/1-2 meM mAnyatA pradAna kI gayI hai| yadi kucha bheda haiM bhI to ve saiddhAntika na hokara vistAra-bheda-mAtra haiN| dharmazAstroM meM rAjyAnuzAsana ko atyanta gaMbhIra viSaya svIkAra karate hue isa bAta para jora diyA gayA hai ki zAsana-vyavasthA ko calAnevAle vyakti arthAt rAjA, purohita, maMtrI Adi sabhI rAjadharma ke jJAtA athavA zrutivAn hone caahie| mahAbhArata ke zAntiparva ke rAjadharmaparva ke vibhinna adhyAyoM meM rAjA aura mantriyoM ke kartavyoM va uttaradAyitvoM, kara-vyavasthA, sainya-vyavasthA evaM zAsana ke vibhinna aMgoM kA jo vizada vivaraNa prApta hotA hai vaha pUrvavartI granthakAroM se adhika vistRta aura sAMgopAMga hai|' zAntiparva ke atirikta mahAbhArata ke kucha anya adhyAyoM meM bhI rAjadharma-sambandhita viSayoM para vicAra kiyA gayA hai, jisameM sabhAparva, Adiparva evaM vanaparva pramukha haiN| mahAbhArata meM mukhya rUpa se rAjA ke kartavyoM ko rAjadharma kahA gayA hai, isI ke mAdhyama se dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa kI prApti ke sAtha hI rAjA aura zAsana ke saMbaMdhoM ko bhI samajhA gayA hai| bhISma ne to sabhI dharmoM meM rAjadharma ko zreSTha mAnate hue isI ke dvArA sabhI vargoM kA paripAlana saMbhava mAnA haiN| prAcIna bhAratIya graMthoM meM rAjanIti ko aneka nAmoM se pukArA gayA hai| rAjazAstrapraNetAoM ne ise rAjadharma ke atirikta daNDanIti, nItizAstra aura arthazAstra Adi nAmoM se pukArA hai parantu samAja ke jisa pramukha tattva kI pradhAnatA jisa graMtha meM vizeSa rUpa se dI gayI hai usa graMtha ko tadanusAra nAma de diyA gyaa| yadi sUkSmatA se vivecana kiyA jAya to jJAta hotA hai ki nAmoM kI bhinnatA ke atirikta ina samasta graMthoM meM varNita viSaya rAjanIti athavA rAjyAnuzAsana se saMbaMdhita hai| rAjA, rAjya kI samRddhi tathA prajA ke kalyANa ke lie dhanopArjana karatA thA, use saMrakSaNa pradAna karatA thA tathA prajA ko kaSTa denevAle samAja virodhI-tattvoM ko daNDa bhI detA thaa| rAjA ke ina kAryoM ko dekhate hue ise daNDanIti nAma de diyA gyaa| manu ne bhI svIkArA hai ki daNDa ke dvArA hI rAjA kuzala zAsaka banatA hai| 10 manuSya dvArA apane jIvana meM zreSTha AcaraNa karane ke lie jina naitika mUlyoM ko pratipAdita kiyA gayA, ve sabhI nItizAstra meM varNita haiN| cUMki rAjA hI apane prabhAva aura katyoM se prajA ko naitika AcAra

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anekAnta-58/1-2 47 ke lie prerita karatA hai evaM unheM tor3ane para daMDita karatA hai ataH ise rAjA kA nItizAstra kahA gayA hai| yadyapi rAjadharma athavA rAjanIti ko sAmAjika jIvana ke lie bahuta mahattvapUrNa mAnA gayA hai, tathApi dharmagraMthoM meM yaha bhI svIkArA gayA hai ki rAjanIti ko itanA adhika mahattva bhI nahIM denA cAhiye ki samAja, jIvana aura unake niyama rAjanIti ke AdhIna hI ho jaaye| dUsare zabdoM meM dharma-niyama rAjadharma athavA arthazAstra athavA rAjazAstra ke niyamoM ke anusAra nahIM calate cAhie apitu rAjanIti ke niyama dharmazAstroM ke anusAra banAye jAne caahie| yadi kahIM dharmazAstroM ke niyama aura rAjadharma ke niyamoM meM bheda jAna par3e aura saMgharSa kI sthiti utpanna ho jAya, to dharmazAstroM ke niyamoM ko hI zreSTha mAnanA caahie| yAjJavalkyasmRti meM spaSTa rUpa se kahA gayA hai ki dharmazAstra rAjanIti athavA rAjadharma se balavAna hai|" kauTilya ne bhI isa bAta ko svIkAra kiyA hai ki vyAvahArika zAstra aura dharmazAstra meM jahA~ paraspara virodha ho, vahA~ dharmazAstra ke anusAra hI artha lagAye jAne caahie| yahI kAraNa hai ki rAjadharma-saMbaMdhI jo niyama smRtiyoM meM diye gaye haiM, unheM unhIM rUpa meM mahAkAvyoM, dRzyakAvyoM va arthazAstra Adi ne bhI mAnyatA pradAna kI hai| ___ vastusthiti yaha hai ki prAcIna bhAratIya rAjazAstra praNetAoM ne prajApAlana evaM zAsana-prabaMdha ko vyavasthita evaM sucAru rUpa se calAne tathA rAjA ke apane caritra ko niyaMtrita karane ke lie kucha niyamoM evaM pratibaMdhoM kA nirmANa kiyaa| ye niyama aura pratibaMdha hI mahAbhArata tathA anya prAcIna graMthoM meM rAjadharma ke nAma se vikhyAta hue| ina niyamoM evaM pratibaMdhoM kA uddezya rAjA kI ucchRkhalatA para niyaMtraNa karanA-mAtra thaa| rAjadharma ke do prakAra mAne gaye haiM- sAmAnyadharma aura aapddhrm| ina donoM prakAra ke dharmo arthAt kartavyoM meM sAmAnya dharma hI sArvakAlika thaa| rAjA para vipatti kA AnA sampUrNa prajA para vipatti kA dyotaka thaa| ataH una saMkaTakAlIna paristhitiyoM meM rAjA dvArA Apaddharma kA nirvAha kiyA jAtA thaa| isa dharma kA pAlana kara rAjA jahA~ apayaza se bacatA thA, vahIM kAlAntara

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anekAnta-58/1-2 meM apanI zakti bar3hAkara tathA ApadAoM se ubarakara pUrva sthiti pradAna karane kA prayAsa karatA thaa| vastutaH sAmAnya dharma (kartavya) ko do bhAgoM meM baoNTA gayA hai- vaiyaktika karttavya tathA sAmAjika krtvy| rAjA ke vaiyaktika kartavyoM meM Atma-niyantraNa, AcaraNa, dharma, nItiyoM kA pAlana evaM vaiyaktika surakSA sammilita kiye gaye the, jinakA prajA para ucita va anukUla prabhAva par3atA thaa| sArvajanika kartavyoM meM nIti-nirdhAraNa, daNDa-vidhAna evaM ve samasta kriyA-kalApa sammilita kiye gaye, jinakA sIdhA saMbaMdha prajA ke sukha va kalyANa se thaa| 13 ataH prajAraMjana evaM prajA-anupAlana ke lie zAsana ke vibhinna aMgoM kA samyak prayoga karate hue rAjA ko jisa dharma athavA kartavya kA pAlana anivAryataH karanA par3atA thA, vahIM rAjadharma kahA gayA hai| rAjadharma kA antima lakSya mokSa mAnA gayA, jo dArzanika vicAradhArA para AdhArita thaa| rAjya ke pratinidhi ke rUpa meM rAjA kA dhyeya prajA ke lie zAnti tathA suvyavasthA sthApita karate hue aisA vAtAvaraNa utpanna karanA thA jisameM sampUrNa prajA sukhamaya jIvana vyatIta karatI huI apane vyavasAya, udyoga, paramparA, rUr3hiyoM evaM dharma kA nirvirodha pAlana kare aura apanI arjita sampati aura sukhoM kA bhoga kara ske| rAjA zAnti-vyavasthA evaM sukha pradAna karane kA sAdhanamAtra thaa| rAjA hI apanI prajA ke ihaloka evaM paraloka ko surakSita rakhatA thaa| usakA dharma (kartavya) vyaktigata svatantratA evaM sampati ke adhikAroM kI avahelanA karanevAloM ke viruddha daNDa kA samyak prayoga karate hue prajA ke paramparAgata rIti-rivAjoM ko pratipAlita karane ke lie, niyama banAnA tathA sadguNoM evaM dharma kI rakSA karanA thaa|" kauTilya ne bhI spaSTa rUpa se kahA hai ki rAjA ko yaha dekhanA cAhie ki loga karttavyacyuta na hoN| kyoMki jo apane dharma meM tatpara rahatA hai aura Aryo ke lie bane niyamoM kA pAlana karatA hai, varNo evaM Azrama ke niyamoM kA sammAna karatA hai, vaha ihaloka aura paraloka donoM meM prasanna rahatA hai| 15 jo rAjA nyAya evaM niyamoM kA samyak pAlana karatA hai, vaha apane evaM

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anekAnta-58/1-2 49 prajAjanoM ko trivarga arthAt tIna puruSArtha dharma, artha aura kAma pradAna karatA hai, yadi vaha aisA nahIM karatA hai to, vaha apanA evaM apanI prajA kA sarvanAza karatA hai|16 spaSTa hai ki rAjA prajA ko varNAzrama dharma pAlana karane para bAdhya karatA thA aura unake dharmacyuta hone para vaha apane kartavya kA pAlana karate hue unheM daNDita bhI karatA thaa| pratyeka jAti ko paramparAgata niyamoM kA anivAryataH pAlana karanA par3atA thA aura yadi koI vyakti una niyamoM ko tor3atA thA to use daNDa kA bhAgI honA par3atA thaa| karttavya-pAlana meM bAdhA DAlanevAle logoM ko daNDita karanA, jo pIr3hiyoM se pUjya hai evaM samAja ke lie Adarza haiM unakI rakSA karanA tathA prajA ke lie puruSArtha-prApti kA mArga prazasta karanA rAjA kA parama dharma (kartavya) mAnA gayA hai| somadeva ne apane graMtha nItivAkyAmRta kA zubhArambha usa rAjya ko praNAma karake kiyA, jo dharma, artha aura kAma tIna phala pradAna karatA haidhamArthakAmaphalAya rAjyAya nmH| 8 kAmandaka ne spaSTa kiyA hai ki nipuNa mantriyoM dvArA saMbhAlA gayA rAjya trivarga arthAt dharma, artha aura kAma kI prApti karAtA hai| prAcIna bhAratIya dharmazAstroM meM dharma ko rAjya kI paramazakti mAnate hue use rAjA se bhI Upara rakhA gayA hai| rAjA to sAdhaka mAtra hai, jisake dvArA dharma kI prApti hotI hai, vaha svayaM meM sAdhya nahI hai| prAcIna bhAratIya graMthakAroM dvArA pratipAdita rAjadharma saMbaMdhI siddhAnta evaM Adarza, dharma para AdhArita the, jisa kAraNa rAjAoM aura unake adhInastha adhikAriyoM meM naitika bhAvanA vidyamAna thii| kintu dhIre-dhIre isa vyavasthA meM vibhinna doSa parilakSita hone lage the, kyoki rAjA eka prakAra se zAsana kA paryAya bana gayA thA kintu rAjyAnuzAsana ke niyama yathAvat calate rahe, phalataH rAjA aura prajA ke bIca na to koI zaktizAlI evaM virodhI varga hI upasthita ho sakA aura na hI koI dhArmika sNsthaa| lagabhaga do sahamna varSoM taka rAjadharma ke siddhAntoM meM koI parivartana na hone ke kAraNa vicAroM tathA vyavasthA meM eka zUnyatA A gii|

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50 anekAnta-58/1-2 IsvI prathama zatAbdI ke bAda bhArata para vibhinna bAhya AkramaNoM kA tAMtA laga gayA aura videzI AkrAntA bhArata meM lagAtAra lUTamAra evaM atyAcAra karate rahe, jinake kaTu anubhavoM ke kAraNa bhAratIya rAjanItika vicArakoM tathA rAjanya kAryo meM saMlagna kSatriya varga meM eka navIna cetanA utpanna huI phalasvarUpa bhArata ke vibhinna choTe bar3e rAjyoM ko ekatA ke sUtra meM bAMdhakara videzI AkrAntAoM se bhArata bhUmi kI rakSA kA vicAra utpanna huA / bhAratIya rAjanItika vicArakoM meM bhI eka krAnti prasphuTika huI kintu ina vicArakoM ne kevala apane pUrva ke pracalita siddhAntoM ko doharAne meM hI apanI vidvattA samajhI, koI navIna saMskRti ke maMtra ko phUkanA ucita nahIM smjhaa| pariNAmataH bhArata meM deza - bhakti kI agni nahIM sulagAI jA sakI aura na hI koI paripakva navIna rAjadharma saMbaMdhI vicAradhArA panapa sakI, jo rASTra ko paripakva saMskRti kI ora agrasara kara pAtI / sandarbha-saMketa 1. mahAbhArata, zAntirva, 56 / 130, 2. mahAbhArata, zAntiparva, 59 / 30, 8 zukranIti., 4/1/60, 4. manusmRti adhyAya, 7, 5. mahAbhArata, zAntiparva, 63 / 29 6 kAmAndaka., 1 / 21, 7. alTekara, e. esa., bhAratIya zAsana paddhati, pR. 7, 8 mahAbhArata, sabhAparva, adhyAya-5; Adiparva, adhyAya - 142; vanaparva adhyAya - 25, 9. mahAbhArata, zAntiparva, 63 / 27, 10 manusmRti, 7/8, 11. yAjJavalkya, 2/21, 12 arthazAstra, 3/1/56, 13. benI prasAda, thyorI Apha gavarnameNTa ina enaziyaNTa iMDiyA, pR. 75, 14 zakuntalA rAnI, mahAbhArata ke dharma, pR 271 - 273, 15. arthazAstra, 16. mahAbhArata, zAntiparva, 85/2, 17 zukranIti 4/439, 18. nItivAkyAmRta, 1/1, 1/4, 19. kAmandaka 4/47 - rIDara - itihAsa vibhAga esa. DI. kaoNleja, mujaphpharanagara

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sallekhanA pUrvaka samAdhimaraNa - paM. sanata kumAra, vinoda kumAra jaina jaina darzana meM jahA~ jIvana ko saMyamita / saMtulita banAne kA nirdeza hai, vahA~ maraNa ko bhI suvyavasthita karane kI AjJA dI gaI hai / sukhamaya bhaviSya ke liye jIvana ko jitanA susaMskArita karanA Avazyaka hai utanA hI maraNa ko vyavasthita karanA Avazyaka hotA hai| hamane apane jIvana ko aneka bhava dhAraNa karane para bhI sukhI nahIM banA paayaa| yadi eka bAra maraNa samAdhipUrvaka ho jAbe to hamArA jIvana sukhamaya ho jaavegaa| eka maraNa ko suvyavasthita karane ke lie hameM jIvana bhara marane kI taiyArI karanI par3egI taba hama saphala samAdhi maraNa kara skeNge| AcAryo ne bAraha vratoM ke pAlana karane ke uparAnta maraNa ke samaya prItipUrvaka sallekhanA vrata grahaNa karane ko kahA hai| tattvArtha sUtra meM bAraha vratoM ke svarUpa, bhAvanA aura aticAroM ke sAtha sallekhanA vrata kA bhI varNana kiyA hai / sallekhanA pUrvaka samAdhimaraNa karane ke liye jIvana bhara bAraha vratoM kA pAlana kiyA jAtA hai| sallekhanA meM zarIra aura kaSAya ko kRza karane kA nirdeza kiyA hai samyakkAyakaSAya lekhanA sallekhanA / / ' arthAta- bhalI prakAra se kAya aura kaSAya kA lekhana karanA sallekhanA hai 1 likherNyantasya lekhanA tanukaraNamiti yAvat / / ' 2 arthAta - likh dhAtu meM Ni pratyaya karane se lekhanA zabda banatA haiM usakA artha tanukaraNa yAnI kRza karanA hai / zarIra kI kRzatA ke sAtha kaSAya kI kRzatA anivArya hai ise saMyama sAdhanA kI aMtima kriyA kahA jAtA hai / jIvana bhara kiye gaye tapa kA phala nirdoSa, niraticAra samAdhi hai| aMtima samaya meM samAdhi ke samaya jitanI

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52 anekAnta-58/1-2 vizuddhi, dRr3hatA, Atma lInatA, rAga dvepanivRti, saMsAra svarUpa kA cintana aura Atma svarUpa meM hI vicAroM kA kendrita honA hogA samAdhi utanI nirdoSa hogI / mana meM utpanna hone vAle rAga, dveSa, moha, bhaya, zoka Adi vikArI bhAvoM ko mana se dUra karake mana ko atyanta zAnta yA samAdhAna rUpa karake vItarAga bhAvoM ke sAtha saharSa prANa tyAga karane ko samAdhimaraNa kahate haiN|' arthAt - bhAvoM kI vizuddhipUrvaka maraNa karanA samAdhimaraNa hai / mana ko jitanA vizuddha banAyA jAvegA samAdhi utanI zreSTha hogI / vacana aura kAya kI kriyA se alaga mana kI vizuddhi samAdhi hai| vayaNoccAraNa kiriyaM paricattAvIyarAya bhAveNa / jo jhAya appANaM parama samAhi have tassa / / saMjama niyama taveNa du dhammajjhANeNa sukka jhANeNa / jo jhAyai appANaM parama samAhi have tassa / / 4 arthAt - vacanoccAra kI kriyA parityAga kara vItarAga bhAva se jo AtmA ko dhyAtA hai use parama samAdhi kahate haiM / saMyama niyama aura tapa se tathA dharmadhyAna aura zukla dhyAna se jo AtmA ko dhyAtA vaha parama samAdhi hai| aise cintana pUrvaka samAdhimaraNa karane se bhavoM kA anta hotA hai / ajJAnI zarIra dvArA jIva kA tyAga karate haiM aura jJAnI jIva dvArA zarIra kA tyAga karate haiM / ataH jJAnI jana kA maraNa hI sallekhanA pUrvaka samAdhimaraNa hotA hai / zarIra apavitra aura nAzavAna hai kintu vaha tapa kA sAdhana hone se bhava samudra ko pAra karane ko naukA ke samAna hai| isake mAdhyama se tapa dhAraNa kara karmo kA saMvara aura nirjarA kara mokSa prApta kiyA jAtA hai| yadi yaha zarIra saMyama tapa Adi kI virAdhanA meM kAraNa banane lage to dharma ke liye zarIra kA tyAga kara denA caahiye| kyoMki zarIra to aneka bAra prApta huA hai aura hogA bhI kintu dharma hamane abhI taka grahaNa nahIM kiyA yadi vaha dharma chUTa gayA to kaba avasara AyegA kahA nahIM jA sktaa| zarIra kA anta jAna lene para zarIra se dharma sAdhana meM bAdhA Ane para sallekhanA grahaNa karanA cAhiye

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anekAnta-58/1-2 upasarge durbhikSe jarasi rujAyAM ca niHprtikaare| dharmAya tanu vimocanamAhuH sallekhanAmAryA / / ' arthAt - pratikAra rahita upasarga, duSkAla, bur3hApA aura roga ke upasthita ho jAne para dharma ke liye zarIra ke chor3ane ko gaNadhara deva sallekhanA kahate haiN| sallekhanA do prakAra se kI jAtI hai 1 kAya sallekhanA aura 2 kaSAya sllekhnaa| AhAra Adi kA zarIra kI sthiti dekhakara krama se tyAga karake zarIra kRza karanA kAya sallekhanA hai aura saMsAra zarIra aura bhogoM se virakta hotA huA jo kaSAyoM ko kRza kiyA jAtA hai vaha kaSAya sallekhanA kahalAtI __ maraNa prakRti kA zAzvata niyama hai, janma lene vAle kA maraNa nizcita hai| maraNa ke svarUpa kI jAnakArI hone para maraNa ke samaya hone vAlI AkulatA se bacA jA sakatA hai| moha ke kAraNa jIva maraNa ke nAma se hI bhayabhIta rahatA hai ataH jJAnI jIva hI maraNa bhaya se rahita hotA hai| svapariNAmopAttasyAyuSa indriyANAM valAnAM ca kAraNavazAt saMkSayo maraNaM / / arthAt --- apane pariNAmoM se prApta huI Aya kA, indriyoM kA aura mana, vacana, kAya ina tIna baloM kA kAraNa vizeSa milane para nAza honA maraNa hai| dUsare prakAra se Aya karma kA kSaya honA maraNa kahalAtA hai| AyuSaH kSayasya maraNahetvAt / / ' arthAta - Ayu karma ke kSaya ko maraNa kA kAraNa mAnA hai| uparokta maraNa meM nae zarIra ko dhAraNa karane ke lie pUrva zarIra kA naSTa honA tadbhava maraNa kahalAtA hai| evaM pratikSaNa Ayu kA kSINa honA nitya maraNa kahalAtA hai samyadarzana, samyak cAritra, saMyama Adi kI apekSA maraNa ke bhedoM ko anya prakAra se bhI kahA gayA hai paMDida paMDida maraNaM, paMDidayaM bAla paMDida cev| bAlamaraNaM cautthaM paMcamayaM bAla bAlaM ca / /

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anekAnta-58/1-2 arthAt - paMDita-paMDita maraNa, paMDita maraNa, bAla paMDita maraNa, bAla maraNa aura bAla-bAla maraNa ye maraNa ke pA~ca bheda kahe gaye haiN| inameM prathama tIna maraNa hI prazaMsanIya haiN| prathama paMDita paMDita maraNa se kevali bhagavAna nirvANa prApta karate haiN| uttama cAritra ke dhArI sAdhuoM ke paMDita maraNa hotA hai| viratAvirata jIvoM ke tIsarA bAla paMDita maraNa hotA hai| bAla maraNa avirata samyak dRSTi ke aura bAla-bAla maraNa mithyAdRSTi ke hotA hai| dUsare paMDita maraNa ke prAyopagamana maraNa iMgani maraNa aura bhakta pratyAkhyAna yA bhakta pratijJA maraNa ye tIna bheda hote hai| AhArAdika ko krama se tyAga karake zarIra ko kRza karane kI apekSA tInoM maraNa samAna haiN| inameM zarIra ke prati upekSA ke bhAva kA hI antara hai| jo muni na to svayaM apanI sevA karate haiM, aura na hI dUsaroM se sevA, vaiyAvRtti karAte haiN| tRNAdi kA saMstara bhI nahIM rakhate, isa prakAra sva-para ke upakAra se rahita zarIra se nispRha hokara sthiratApUrvaka mana ko vizuddha banAkara maraNa ko prApta karate haiN| use prAyopagamana maraNa kahate haiN| jisameM sallekhanAdhArI apane zarIra kI sevA, paricaryA svayaM to karatA hai, para dUsaroM se sevA vaiyAvRtti nahIM karAtA use iMgani maraNa kahate haiN| isameM kSapaka svayaM uThegA, svayaM baiThegA aura svayaM lettegaa| isa taraha vaha apanI samasta kriyAyeM svayaM karatA hai| jisa saMnyAsa maraNa meM apane aura dUsaroM ke dvArA kiye gaye upakAra vaiyAvRtti kI apekSA rahatI hai use bhakta pratyAkhyAna maraNa kahate haiN| bhava kA anta karane yogya saMsthAna aura saMhanana ko prAyogya kahate haiN| inakI prApti honA prAyopagamana hai| arthAt viziSTa saMhanana va viziSTa saMsthAna vAle hI prAyogya grahaNa karate haiN| sva abhiprAya ko iMgita kahate haiN| apane abhiprAya ke anusAra sthita hokara pravRtti karate huye jo maraNa hotA hai, vaha iMgani maraNa kahalAtA hai| bhakta zabda kA artha AhAra hai aura pratyAkhyAna kA artha tyAga hai jisameM krama se AhArAdi kA tyAga karate huye maraNa kiyA jAtA hai use bhakta pratyAkhyAna maraNa kahate haiN|

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anekAnta-58/1-2 yadyapi AhAra tyAga uparokta donoM maraNoM meM bhI hotA hai, to bhI isa lakSaNa kA prayoga rUr3hi vaza maraNa vizeSa meM hI kahA gayA hai| bhakta pratyAkhyAna maraNa savicAra aura avicAra ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| nAnA prakAra ke cAritra kA pAlanA, cAritra meM vihAra karanA vicAra hai| isa vicAra ke sAtha jo vartatA hai vaha savicAra hai| jo gRhastha athavA muni utsAha yA bala yukta haiM aura jisakA maraNa kAla sahasA upasthita nahIM huA hai| arthAt jisakA maraNa dIrghakAla ke bAda hogA, aise sAdhu ke maraNa ko savicAra bhakta pratyAkhyAna maraNa kahate haiN| isameM AcArya pada tyAga, para gaNa gamana, sabase kSamA, AlocanA pUrvaka prAyazcita grahaNa vizeSa bhAvanAoM kA cintana, krama pUrvaka AhAra kA tyAga Adi kArya vyavasthita rahate haiN| jinakI sAmarthya nahIM hai, jinakA maraNa kAla sahasA utpanna huA hai, aise parAkrama rahita sAdhu ke maraNa ko avicAra bhakta pratyAkhyAna maraNa kahate haiN| yaha tIna prakAra kA hai| (1) niruddha, (2) niruddhatara, (3) prmniruddh| rogoM se pIr3ita hone ke kAraNa jinakA jaMghA bala kSINa ho gayA ho, jisase paragaNa meM jAne se amasartha ho ve muni niruddha vicAra bhakta pratyAkhyAna maraNa karate haiN| isake prakAza aura aprakAza do bheda haiN| kSapaka ke manobala arthAt dhairya, kSetrakAla unake vAndhava Adi kA vicAra karake anukUla kAraNoM ke hone para usa maraNa ko prakaTa kiyA jAtA hai vaha prakAza hai| aura prakaTa na karanA aprakAza hai| sarpa, agni, vyAghra, bhaiMsA, hAthI, rIcha, zatru, cora mlekSa, mUrchA, tIvrazUla roga Adi se tatkAla maraNa kA prasaMga hone para jaba taka kAya bala zeSa rahatA hai aura jaba taka tIvra vedanA se citta Akulita nahIM hotA aura pratikSaNa Ayu kA kSINa honA jAnakara apane gaNa ke AcArya ke pAsa apane pUrva doSoM kI AlocanA kara jo maraNa karatA hai vaha niruddhatara avicAra bhakta pratyAkhyAna maraNa hai| sarpa agni Adi kAraNoM se pIr3ita sAdhu ke zarIra kA bala aura vacana kA bala yadi kSINa ho jAye to use paramaniruddha avicAra bhakta pratyAkhyAna maraNa kahate haiN| apane AyuSya ko zIghra kSINa hotA jAnakara zIghra hI mana meM arhata va siddha parameSThI ko dhAraNa karake unase apane doSoM kI AlocanA kare tathA

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56 anekAnta-58/1-2 sarva zalya rahita mamatva rahita hokara mokSa prApti ke liye do prakAra kA saMnyAsa dhAraNa karane kA nirdeza prApta hotA hai asmin deze'vadhaukAleyadi me praannmocnm| tadAstu janmaparyantaM pratyAkhyAnaM cturvidhm|| jIviSyAmi kvacidvAhaM puNyenopadravAtparAt / / karaSyei pAraNaM nUnaM dharmacAritrasiddhaye / / arthAt - pahilA saMnyAsa isa prakAra dhAraNa karanA cAhiye ki isa deza meM itane kAla taka yadi mere prANa nikala jAyeM to mere janma paryanta cAroM prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga hai| tathA dUsare saMnyAsa ko isa prakAra dhAraNa karanA cAhiye ki yadi meM apane puNya se isa ghora upadrava se kadAcita baca jAU~gA to maiM dharma aura cAritra kI siddhi ke liye itane kAla ke bAda pAraNA kruuNgaa| isa prakAra sahasA maraNa kAla Ane para apane mana ko vizuddha banAtA huA AhArAdika tyAga svayaM bhI kara sakatA hai, kyoMki maraNa kAla meM bhAvoM kI vizaddhi kA hI vizeSa mahatva hotA hai| zrAvakoM ko maraNa kAla meM mahAvrata grahaNa kara lenA cAhiye, jisase pariNAma vizuddha banate haiN| isake liye bhI krama se tyAga karanA caahiye| dhariUNa vatthamettaM pariggahaM chaMDiUNa avsesN| sagihe jiNAlaya vA tivihA hArassa vosaraNaM / / / arthAta - vastra mAtra parigraha ko rakhakara aura avaziSTa samasta parigraha ko chor3akara apane hI ghara meM athavA jinAlaya meM rahakara zrAvaka guru ke pAsa meM mana, vacana aura kAya se apanI bhalI prakAra AlocanA karatA hai aura pAnI ke sivAya zeSa tIna prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga karatA hai| zrAvaka anta samaya meM sneha, baira aura parigraha ko chor3akara zuddha hotA huA priya vacanoM se apane kuTumbiyoM aura naukaroM se kSamA karAte huye Apa bhI saba ko kSamA kre| samasta pApoM kI AlocanA kare aura maraNa paryanta rahane vAle mahAvratoM ko dhAraNa kre| yadi cAritra mohanIya karma kA udaya rahane se vaha dIkSA grahaNa nahIM kara sakatA

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anekAnta-58/1-2 57 to maraNa samaya upasthita hone para saMstara zramaNa ho jAnA caahiye| yadi yaha bhI zakya na ho to sallekhanA kA anuSThAna karate huye krama se AhAra Adi kA tyAga karanA caahiye| dhanavAna aura dhana rahita zrAvakoM ko bhI granthoM meM anta samaya ke liye mArga prazasta kiyA gayA hai tatkartuM guruNA datta prAyazcittaM tpo'kssmaa| dhanino ye jinAgAre svayaM sarvatra zuddhaye / / dadhurdhanaM svazaktyA te pare dossaadihaanye| prAyazcittaM tu kurvantu tapAM anshnaadibhiH||" arthAt - samAdhimaraNa ke liye udyata dhanI gRhastha guru ke dvArA diye gaye prAyazcita tapa ko dhAraNa karane meM asamartha ho to ve svayaM zuddhi ke liye jinAlaya meM dhana kA dAna kre| tathA dUsare loga apanI zuddhi ke liye zakti anusAra anazana, Unodara Adi ke dvArA apane pApoM kI zuddhi kreN| dhana ke prati Asakti kama karane ke liye dhana dAna karane kA nirdeza diyA gayA hai| zrAvakoM ko anta samaya meM mahAvrata avazya dhAraNa karanA caahiye| mahAvrata dhAraNa karane meM hI zrAvaka dharma kI saphalatA mAnI jAtI hai| zarIra ke antima saMskAra ke samaya tIrthakaroM, gaNadhara devoM, sAmAnyakevali evaM mahAvratiyoM ke zarIra ke antima saMskAra kA hI varNana zAstroM meM milatA hai ataH pratiphalita hotA hai ki zrAvakoM ko anta samaya meM mahAvratI avazya honA caahiye| samAdhi maraNa karane vAlA prIti, baira, mamatva bhAva aura parigraha ko chor3akara svaccha hRdaya hotA huA madhura vacanoM se kSamA karatA aura karAtA hai| zarIra ko bhAra svarUpa samajhatA hai| kisI prakAra kA zoka nahIM karatA hai, bhUkha pyAsa kI bAdhA sahana hogI kI nahIM yaha soca samApta ho jAtI hai aura krama krama se AhAra kA tyAga karatA hai| eka sAtha pUrNa AhAra tyAga dene se kSapaka ko AkulatA ho sakatI hai, ataH sallekhanA vidhi karAne vAle niryApakAcArya kSapaka kI zakti ko dekhakara krama se AhAra kA tyAga karAte haiN| prathama kavalAhAra (dAla, cAvala roTI Adi) kA tyAga karAkara snigdha peya dUdha Adi dete haiN| isake bAda chAcha dekara isakA bhI tyAga karAke mAtra garma jala dete haiN| zakti

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58 anekAnta-58/1-2 ke anusAra upavAsa karate huye paMca parameSThI kA smaraNa kara zarIra kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| isa pUrI prakriyA meM sallekhanA karAne vAle AcArya (niryapakAcArya) kI mahatvapUrNa bhUmikA rahatI hai| kyoMki roga kI vedanA, tIvra rAga kA udaya, viSayoM kI liptatA Adi ke samaya mana vicalita hone lagatA hai taba niryApakAcArya apane saMbodhana se kSapaka ke vicAroM meM sthiratA pradAna karate haiN| ataH zreSTha niryApakAcArya honA Avazyaka hai| niryApakAcArya ke ATha guNa kahe gaye haiN| AcArI sUrirAdhArI vyavahArI prakArakaH / AyApAya dRgutpIr3I sukha kArya prisrvH|| arthAt - AcAra vAna, AdhAra vAna, vyavahAra vAna prakAraka (kattA) AyApAya dRga, utpIr3aka aura parinAvI ina ATha guNoM se sahita niryApakAcArya honA caahiye| kyoMki binA AcArya ke upadeza ke mana kI zuddhi, sthiratA nahIM hotI ___ kAla kI apekSA sallekhanA uttama, madhyama aura jaghanya ke bheda se tIna prakAra kI hotI hai| utkRSTa bAraha varSa, madhyama kAla ke asaMkhyAta bheda hai| jaghanya kAla antarmuhUrta hai| utkRSTa bAraha varSa kI sallekhanA meM AhArAdi ke tyAga kA krama nimnAnusAra hai jogehiM vicittehiM dukhavei saMvaccha rANI cttaari| viyaDINi ya jUhittA cattAri puNo vi soseii|| AyavilaNi vviyaDI hiMdoNNi AyaM vileNa ekkaM c| addhaMNA di vigar3he hiM tado addhaM vigaDhe hiN|| " arthAt - vicitra prakAra ke kAya klezAdi yoga se cAra varSa pUrNa kare pazcAta cAra varSa rasa rahita bhojana se zarIra kaza kre| AcAmla (alpAhAra) tathA nIrasa bhojana se do varSa pUrNa kare pazcAta alpAhAra se eka varSa pUrNa kre| isake bAda chaha mahIne anutkRSTa tapa kare aura aMtima chaha mahine utkRSTa tapa kara bAraha varSa pUrNa kre| samAdhi meM AcArya ko kSapaka ke bhAvoM kI sthiratA kA vizeSa dhyAna rakhanA par3atA hai| yadi bhAvoM meM koI vikAra A jAve to samAdhi vikRta ho

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anekAnta-58/1-2 59 jAtI hai| ataH nirdoSa aura nirvighna samAdhi karane ke liye utkRSTa ar3atAlIsa paricAraka muniyoM kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| madhyama rIti se paricaryA karane vAle sAdhuoM kI saMkhyA cAra-cAra kama karate jAnA caahiye| atyanta nikRSTa meM bharata kSetra airAvata kSetra meM jaghanya rUpa se do munirAja niryApaka paricAraka pada se grahaNa karanA caahiye| akelA eka sAdhu samAdhi karAne meM samartha nahIM hotA hai| aura niryApaka ke binA kSapaka azAnti se mRtyu ko prApta karatA hai ataH bhayAnaka durgati meM jAtA hai| nirdoSa utkRSTa samAdhi meM ar3atAlIsa sAdhuoM kA kArya vibhAjana nimna prakAra se kiyA jAtA hai| cAra muni AhAra lAte haiN| cAra muni peya padArtha lAte haiN| cAra muni AhAra pAna kA rakSaNa karate haiM cAra muni kSapaka ke mala mUtra ko sApha karate haiN| evaM sUryodaya aura sUryAsta ke samaya va sAtikA, upakaraNa aura saMstara Adi kA zodhana karate haiN| cAra muni vasatikA ke dvAra kA aura cAra muni samavazaraNa ke dvAra kA prayatnapUrvaka rakSaNa karate haiN| cAra muni upadeza maNDapa kA rakSaNa karate haiN| cAra muni kSapaka ke pAsa rAtri jAgaraNa karate haiN| cAra muni nivAsa sthAna ke bAhya kSetra kI zubhAzubha vArtA kA nirIkSaNa karate haiN| cAra muni zrotAoM ko upadeza dete haiM cAra muni vAda-vivAda karane vAloM ke sAtha vAda-vivAda karake siddhAnta kA rakSaNa karate hai| aura cAra muni rAja dharmakathA karane vAloM kA rakSaNa karate haiN| arthAt barAbara vyavasthA banAye rakhane ko idhara-udhara ghUmate rahate haiN| isa prakAra utkRSTataH ar3atAlIsa paricAraka muni saMsAra samudra se prayANa karane vAle kSapaka ko ratnatraya pUrvaka samAdhi meM lagAye rahate haiN| kintu kSapaka ko pratyAkhyAna pratikramaNa, prAyazcita, upadeza, tIna prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga evaM prazna Adi karane kA kArya niryApakAcArya hI karate haiN|' kSapaka ko rogAdi se mukti ke liye jinavacana hI auSadhi haiM aisA upadeza dekara jina dharma meM dRr3hatA karake ArAdhanAoM kI ArAdhanA meM lInatA pradAna kI jAtI haiN| jo kSapaka samyak darzana, samyak jJAna, samyak cAritra aura samyak tapa kI utkRSTa ArAdhanA karate haiM ve usI bhava se siddhatva prApta karate haiN| madhyama ArAdhanA karane vAle dhIra vIra puruSa tIna bhava meM karma rahita avasthA arthAt mokSa prApta karate haiN| jaghanya ArAdhanA karane vAle sAta janmoM meM siddha avasthA prApta kara lete haiN|

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M anekAnta-58/1-2 samAdhi kI anumodanA karane vAle aura kSapaka ke darzana karane vAle bhI samAdhi pUrvaka maraNa kara nikaTa bhava meM siddhatva prApta karate haiN| sallekhanA manuSya bhava kI sarvotkRSTa upalabdhi hai| hameM apanA jIvana sukhI banAne ke liye sallekhanA pUrvaka samAdhimaraNa karanA caahiye| Aja taka hama ne eka bAra bhI samAdhipUrvaka maraNa nahIM kiyA hai| maraNoM ke aneka bheda jAnakara hameM saMsthAna aura saMhanana ko dekhate huye paMDita maraNa meM savicAra bhakta pratyAkhyAna maraNa kI bhUmikA meM pahu~cakara samAdhi maraNa karanA caahiye| samAdhi kI bhAvanA Aja se hI mana meM banAkara jahA~ samAdhi ho vahA~ kSapaka ke darzana kara anumodanA avazya karanA caahiye| kyoMki anumodanA karane vAle kI avazya hI samAdhi hotI hai| ataH nirantara samAdhimaraNa kI bhAvanA karate rahanA cAhiyedukkhakkhao kammakkhao bohilAho sugaigamaNaM samAhimaraNaM jiNaguNasaMpatti hou mjjhN| saMdarbha 1. savArtha siddhi-7/22, 2 rAjavArtika 7/22/3, 3 samAdhimaraNotsava dIpaka-1, 4. niyamasAra-122-123, 5. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra 5/1, 6. savArthasiddhi 7/22, 7. dhavalA 1-1 1.33, 8 bhagavatI ArAdhanA 26, 9. bhagavatI ArAdhanA 2011 se 2024, 10. mUlAcAra pradIpa 2819-2820, 11. vasunaMdi zrAvakAcAra 271, 12 ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra 5/4, 13. sAvaya pannati 378, 14. samAdhimaraNotsava dIpaka 35, 15. maraNakaNDikA 433, 16. bhagavatI ArAdhanA 258, 259, 17. samAdhi dIpaka 21.22 pR.-1 -rajavaoNsa, jilA-sAgara (ma. pra.)

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zrAvaka sAdhanA kI sIr3hiyAM : pratimAe~ -DaoN. zreyAMsa kumAra jaina mokSamArga para ArUr3ha zrAvaka apanI bhUmikA ke anusAra sAdhanA karatA hai| sAdhanA ke dvArA hI vaha AtmaguNoM ke vikAsa ko prApta ho sakatA hai| vaha zramaNa kA upAsaka hotA hai| ataH unase tattvajJAna ko jAnakara/sunakara hI jIvana patha para bar3hatA hai| mUlaguNa aura uttaraguNa meM niSThA rakhatA hai| arihanta Adi paJcaguruoM ke caraNoM ko hI apanI zaraNa mAnatA hai| dAna aura pUjA jisake pradhAna kArya haiM tathA jJAnarUpI amRta ko pIne ko icchaka hotA hai| zrAvaka pada kA artha karate hue vidvAn likhate haiM- "abhyupetasamyaktvaH pratipannANuvrato'pi pratidivasaM yatibhyaH sakAzAtsAdhUnAmAgAriNAJca sAmAcArI zRNotIti zrAvakaH'' arthAt jo samyaktvI aura aNuvratI hone para bhI pratidina sAdhuoM se gRhastha aura muniyoM ke AcAra ko sune, vaha zrAvaka hai| usI kA vistAra karate hue aura bhI likhA hai ki jo zraddhAlu hokara jainazAsana ko sune, dInajanoM meM artha ko tatkAla vapana kare, samyagdarzana ko varaNa kare, sukRta aura . puNya kArya kare, saMyama kA AcaraNa kare, use vicakSaNa jana zrAvaka kahate haiN|' zrAvaka AtmakalyANa ke lie guruoM kI sAkSI pUrvaka vrata grahaNa kara dezasaMyamI aNuvratI dezavirata Adi saMjJAoM se vibhUSita rahatA hai| saMyatAsaMyata paJcama guNasthAnavartI hotA hai kyoMki vaha sthUla basa jIvAdi kI hiMsA se virata hone ke kAraNa saMyata aura sUkSma yA sthAvara jIvoM kI hiMsA se avirata hone ke kAraNa asaMyata hai ataH usakI saMyatAsaMyata saMjJA vrata grahaNa karane para hI banatI hai| vrata aTala nizcaya kA pratIka hai| yaha eka prakAra kI pratijJA hai| isako grahaNa karate samaya krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha kaSAya kA Aveza nahIM honA caahie| kisI ke dabAva meM na grahaNa kara svecchApUrvaka lI huI pratijJA vrata hai| vrata kA vidhAna bahudhA AdhyAtmika yA mAnasika zakti kI prApti ke lie citta athavA AtmA kI zuddhi ke lie saMkalpa zakti kI dRr3hatA ke lie Izvara

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anekAnta-58/1-2 kI bhakti aura zraddhA ko dRr3ha karane ke lie apane vicAroM ko ucca evaM pariSkRta karane ke lie tathA svAsthya kI prApti ke lie kiyA jAtA hai| vrata kA bhaMga honA ahitakArI hai, jaisA ki kahA bhI hai "guru arthAt paJcaparameSThI guru yA paramparA dIkSita guru kI sAkSI se lie hue vrata yA pratijJA ko prANanAza hone taka bhI nahIM tor3anA cAhie kyoMki prANanAza kevala maraNa ke samaya hI duHkhakara hai parantu vrata kA nAza bhava bhava meM duHkhadAyI hai|' vrata ko dhAraNa karanA pratijJAbaddha honA hai| pratijJA kA nAma hI pratimA hai| jaba bhogoM ke prati aruci jAgRta ho jAye aura niyama lene ke lie dRr3hatA A jAye tabhI pratijJA' vizeSa le lene para kramavAra unnati Arambha ho jAtI hai| zrAvaka kI unnatti ke liye zvetAmbara evaM digambara donoM paramparA meM ekAdaza sIr3hiyA~ pratimAe~ mAnI gayI haiN| unako Adha pAra mAnakara zrAvakadharma kA varNana aneka zrAvakAcAroM meM pAyA jAtA hai| varNana kI yaha prakriyA sarvAdhika prAcIna hai kyoMki dhavala aura jayadhavala TIkA meM AcArya zrI vIrasena ne upAsakAdhyayana nAmaka aMga kA svarUpa isa prakAra diyA hai- upAsayajjhayaNama NAya aMga ekkArasa lakkha sattari sahassapadehiM daMsaNavada ---- idi ekkArasavi uvAsagANaM lakkhaNaM tesiM ca vadArIvaNavihANaM tesimAcaraNaM ca vaNNedi dhavala pR. 107 (uvAsayajjhayaNaM NAma aMgaM saNa vaya sAmAiyaposahovAsasacittarAyibhattabaMbhAraMbhapariggahANumaNuddiTThaNAmANamekArasaNhamuvAsayANaM dhamgamekkArasavihaM vaNNedi jayadhavala gA. 9 pR. 130) yahA~ unhIM kA Azraya lekara pratipAdana kiyA jA rahA hai| AcArya zrI kundakunda ne sarvaprathama gyAraha pratimAoM ke dhAraka ko dezavirata guNasthAna vAlA kahA hai| svAmI kArtikeya ne gyAraha pratimAoM ko AdhAra banAkara zrAvakadharma kA vyAkhyAna kiyA hai| unhoMne samyaktva kI mahimA batAne ke pazcAt gyAraha pratimAoM ke AdhAra para bAraha vratoM kA svarUpa nirUpaNa kiyA hai| inake bAda AcArya vasunandi ne svAmI kArtikeya kA hI anusaraNa kiyA kintu itanA avazya kiyA hai ki prArambha meM sAta vyasanoM aura unake duSphaloM kA vistAra se varNana kara madhya meM bAraha vrata aura gyAraha

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anekAnta - 58/1-2 63 pratimAoM kA tathA anta meM vinaya, vaiyyAvRtta pUjA pratiSThA aura dAna kA varNana vistAra se kiyA hai| AcArya amitagati bhI gyAraha pratimAoM kA varNana karate haiM kintu vaha samantabhadrAcArya ke samAna vratoM ke varNana ke pazcAt karate haiM / 9 digambara evaM zvetAmbara donoM paramparAoM meM pratimAoM kI saMkhyA gyAraha hI hai kintu nAma aura krama meM kucha bheda hai| digambara paramparA meM - ( 1 ) darzana, (2) vrata, (3) sAmAyika, ( 4 ) proSadha, ( 5 ) sacittatyAga, (6) rAtribhuktityAga, (7) brahmacarya, (8) ArambhatyAga, ( 9 ) parigrahatyAga, ( 10 ) anumatityAga, ( 11 ) uddiSTatyAga paNDita AzAdhara inhIM ke nAma se zrAvakoM ke bheda pratipAdana karate haiM, unhoMne kahA hai- krama se pUrva - pUrva guNoM meM praur3hatA ke sAtha, samyagdarzana sahita / ATha mUlaguNa niraticAra aNuvratAdi, sAmAyika, proSadhopavAsa tathA sacitta se, divAmaithuna se, strI se, Arambha se, parigraha se, anumata se, aura uddiSTa bhojana se virati ko prApta gyAraha zrAvaka hote haiN| " ye dArzanika Adi gyAraha prakAra ke zrAvaka tIna bheda rUpa se bhI varNita kiye haiM- dArzanika, vratika, sAmayikI, proSadhopavAsI, sacittavirata, divAmaithunavirata ye chaha gRhastha kahalAte haiM tathA zrAvakoM meM jaghanya hote haiM / abrahmavirata, Arambhavirata aura parigrahavirata ye tIna varNI yA brahmacArI kahalAte haiM aura zrAvakoM meM madhyama hote haiN| anumativirata aura uddiSTavirata ye dA bhikSuka kahe jAte haiM aura zrAvakoM meM uttama hote haiM / ( sAgAradharmAmRta 12 / 2-3 zloka) / somadeva ne bhI Adi kI chaha pratimA vAloM ko gRhastha Age kI tIna pratimA vAloM ko brahmacArI aura antima do ( anumativirata, uddiSTa virata vAle) ko bhikSuka kahA hai | cAritrasAra meM prathama chaha ko jaghanya unase Age ke tIna ko madhyama aura antima do pratimAoM ke dhAraka ko uttama zrAvaka kahA hai| (pR. 98) 1 zvetAmbara paramparA meM samavAyAMga meM 11 pratimAoM kA vistAra se varNana hai / digambara paramparA meM AcArya samantabhadra, somadeva, amitagati, vasunandI paM. AzAdhara jI ne vizeSa varNana kiyA hai, kintu umAsvAmI, pUjyapAda, akalaMkadeva,

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anekAnta-58/1-2 jinasena, padmanandI, amRtacandra Adi ne zrAvaka ke vratoM kA cintana kiyA hai kintu pratimAoM ke sambandha meM ullekha bhI nahIM kiyA hai| ___ paJcama guNasthAnavartI zrAvaka dravya aura bhAva rUpa se gyAraha pratimAoM kA pAlana karanA huA nirantara mahAvratoM ke pAlana kI lAlasA karatA hai| nizcita hI vaha prazaMsanIya hai rAgAdikSayatAratamyavikacchuddhAtmasaMvitsukhasvAdAtmasvabahirbahistrasabadhAcaMhohovyapohAtmasu / sadagudarzanakAdidezaviratisthAneSu caikAdazasvekaM yaH zrayate yativrataratastaM zraddadhe zrAvakam / / 46 / / sAgAradharmAmRta dezavirata ke dArzanika Adi gyAraha sthAna antaraMga meM rAga Adi ke kSaya se prakaTa huI zuddha AtmAnubhUti rUpa sukha yA usase utpanna hue sukha ke svAda ko lie hue haiM aura bAhya meM trasa hiMsA Adi pApoM se vidhipUrvaka virati ko lie haiN| digambara paramparA meM mAnya ina pratimAoM kA rUpa hI zvetAmbara sAhitya meM kucha nAma aura krama parivartana ke sAtha milatA hai, jo isa prakAra hai- (1) darzana, (2) vrata, (3) sAmAyika, (4) pauSadha, (5) niyama, (6) brahmacarya, (7) sacittatyAga, (8) ArambhatyAga, (9) preSyaparityAga athavA parigrahaparityAga, (10) uddiSTabhaktatyAga, (11) zramaNabhUta prathama cAra pratimAoM ke nAma donoM paramparAoM meM samAna haiN| sacittatyAga kA krama digambara paramparA meM pAMcavA~ hai, to zvetAmbara paramparA meM sAtavA~ hai| digambara paramparA meM rAtribhuktityAga ko svatantra pratimA ginA hai jabaki zvetAmbara paramparA meM pAMcavI niyama meM usakA samAveza hai| brahmacarya kA krama zvetAmbara paramparA meM chaThA hai to digambara paramparA meM sAtavA~ hai| digambara paramparA meM anumatityAga dasavIM pratimA hai| zvetAmbaroM meM uddiSTatyAga meM isakA samAveza kiyA hai| zvetAmbara paramparA meM gyArahavIM pratimA kA nAma zramaNabhUta hai kyoMki zrAvaka kA AcAra zramaNa sadRza mAnA hai| digambara paramparA meM

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anekAnta-58/1-2 65 gyArahavIM pratimA uddiSTatyAga hai| yaha bhI zrAvaka hai| zrAvaka kI utkRSTa avasthA hai kintu zramaNa sadRza AcAra nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki gyArahavIM pratimA vAle ke bhI vastra kA parigraha rahatA hai| ___ pratyeka pratimA ke bhAvarUpa (uadhyAtmarUpa) Ara dravyarUpa (bAhyarUpa) ye do rUpa hote haiN| bAhyarUpa dRzya hai aura adhyAtmarUpa adRzya hai| vaha svasaMkoca mAtra hai| paNDita zrI kailAzacandra zAstrI ne isa adhyAtmarUpa ko samajhAte hue likhA hai - "jaba cAritramohanIya karma ke sarvaghAtI spardhakoM kA kSaya hotA hai| arthAt unake udaya kA abhAva hotA hai aura dezaghAtispardhakoM kA udaya rahatA hai, taba rAga dveSa ke ghaTane se nirmala cidrUpa kI anubhUti hotI hai, vaha anubhUti sukharUpa hai yA usa anubhUti se utpanna hue sukha kA svAda una pratimAoM kA ananta rUpa hai| jyoM-jyoM uttarottara rAgAdi ghaTate jAte haiM tyoM tyoM Age kI pratimAoM meM nirmala cidrUpa kI anubhUti meM vRddhi hotI jAtI hai aura uttarottara Atmika sukha bar3hatA jAtA hai| isake sAtha hI zrAvaka hI bAhya pravRtti meM parivartana Aye binA nahIM rhtaa| vaha pratimA ke anusAra sthUla hiMsA Adi pApoM se nivRtta hotA jAtA hai| aisA zrAvaka satata bhAvanA karatA hai ki maiM gRhasthAzrama ko chor3akara kaba munipada dhAraNa kruuN| paNDita jI ne pratimAdhArI zrAvaka ko zuddha AtmAnubhUti hone kI jo carcA kI hai, vaha saiddhAntika granthoM se bhinnatA rakhatI hai kyoMki jaba taka bhI antaraMgaparigraha aura bahiraMgaparigraha se nivRtti nahIM hogI taba taka zuddhAnubhUti asaMbhava hai| digambara paramparA meM pratimAoM ke kAla kA koI ullekha nahIM milatA hai| ATha varSa antarmuhUrta kI Ayu vAlA gRhastha guru kI sAkSI pUrvaka vrata grahaNa ke sAtha jitanI pratimAeM grahaNa karatA hai unakA vidhivat pAlana karate hue pUrA jIvana vyatIta kara sakatA hai athavA munipada grahaNa kara mahAvratI banakara Atma sAdhanA kara sakatA hai kintu zvetAmbara sAhitya meM to prathama pratimA eka mAsa, dvitIya pratimA do mAsa, tIsarI tIna mAsa, cauthI cAra mAsa, pAMcavIM kA pAMca mAsa, chaThI kA cha: mAsa, sAtavIM kA sAta mAsa, AThavIM kA ATha mAsa, navIM

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anekAnta-58/1-2 kA nau mAsa, dasavIM kA dasa mAsa, aura gyArahavIM kA gyAraha mAsa taka pAlane kA vidhAna hai| prathama ko eka mAha pAlana karane para hI dUsarI pratimA grahaNa kI jAtI hai isa prakAra gyArahavIM taka kA krama hai aura gyAraha mAha taka gyArahavIM pratimA kA pAlana kara munivrata grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| arthAt kula chayAsaTha mAha pratimAoM kA pAlana kiyA jAtA hai| ukta bhinnatA hone para bhI donoM paramparAoM meM pratimAoM kA vizada vivecana hai| prakRta meM pratyeka pratimA kA saMkSipta rUpa meM varNana prastuta hai : darzanapratimA - jo samyagdarzana se zuddha hai saMsAra, zarIra aura bhogoM se virakta hai paJca paramaguruoM ke caraNoM kI zaraNa ko prApta hai aura satyamArga ko grahaNa karane vAlA yA pakSa vAlA hai vaha darzana pratimA kA dhArI dArzanika zrAvaka hai| isa pratimA kA dhAraka samyaktva sahita aSTamUlaguNoM kA pAlana karatA hai| vratapratimA - jo zrAvaka mAyA, mithyAtva aura nidAna ina tInoM zalyoM se rahita hokara niraticAra arthAt aticAra rahita nirdoSa rUpa se pAMca aNuvrata aura sAta zIlavratoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai, vaha vratI puruSoM ke madhya meM vrata pratimAdhArI vratI zrAvaka mAnA gayA hai| prathama pratimA meM tIna zalyoM kA abhAva nahIM hotA hai aura aNuvratoM meM kadAcit aticAra lagate haiM kintu dUsarI pratimA meM Ate hI tInoM zalye chUTa jAtI haiM aura pAMca aNuvratoM kA niraticAra pAlana hone lagatA hai| tIna guNavratoM aura cAra zikSAvratoM kA sAticAra pAlana hotA hai| darzana aura vrata pratimA meM yahI antara hai| __sAmAyikapratimA - jo cAra bAra tIna tIna Avarta aura cAra praNati karake yathAjAta bAlaka ke samAna nirvikAra banakara khar3agAsana yA padmAsana se baiThakara mana-vacana-kAya zuddha karake tInoM sandhyAoM meM deva-guru-zAstra kI vandanA aura pratikramaNa Adi karatA hai, vaha sAmAyika pratimAdhArI zrAvaka kahalAtA hai|" vrata pratimA meM sAmAyika zIla rUpa kahA gayA hai| zIla rUpa avasthA meM aticAra lagatA rahatA hai| samaya kI nizcitatA nahIM hotI aura tIna bAra kA niyama bhI nahIM hai kintu yahA~ sAmAyika vrata aMgIkAra karane para pratimA rUpa

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anekAnta-581-2 67 hotA hai jaisA ki paNDita AzAdhara jI kahate haiM-- niraticAra samyagdarzana tathA mUlaguNa aura uttaraguNoM ke samUha ke abhyAsa se jisakI buddhi arthAt jJAna vizuddha ho gayA hai tathA jo parigraha aura upasarga ke Ane para bhI tInoM sandhyAoM meM sAmyabhAva dhAraNa karatA hai, vaha zrAvaka sAmAyika pratimA vAlA hotA hai| 15 AcArya vasunandi jinazAstra, jinadharma, jinacaitya, parameSThI tathA jinAlayoM kI tInoM kAla meM jo vandanA kI jAtI hai use sAmAyika kahate haiN| 16 sAmAyika kA utkRSTa kAla chaH char3I hai aura jaghanyakAla do ghar3I kA hai| sAmAyika samatAbhAva jAgRta karane meM pUrNa sahAyaka hotI hai| proSadha pratimA - pratyeka mAsa kI do aSTamI aura do caturdazI ina cAroM parvo meM apanI zakti ko nahIM chipAkara sAvadhAna ho proSadhopavAsa karane vAlA proSadha niyama vidhAyI zrAvaka kahalAtA hai|'' proSadha vrata kA dhAraka solaha prahara kA bhI upavAsa karatA hai| yaha utkRSTa upavAsa hotA hai| madhyama zrAvaka dvArA bAraha prahara aura jaghanya zrAvaka dvArA ATha prahara kA bhI upavAsa kiyA jAtA hai| usa samaya AcAmla nirvikRti Adi se bhI proSadha kI sAdhanA kI jAtI hai| isameM kucha zithilatA bhI hotI hai kintu pratimA meM kisI bhI prakAra kI koI zithilatA nahIM hotI hai| pratimA niraticAra hotI hai| yadi zarIra svastha hai to solaha prahara kA hI upavAsa karanA caahie| asvasthatA meM bAraha aura ATha prahara kA upavAsa kiyA jA sakatA hai| proSadhopavAsa ke dina gRhastha zrAvakazramaNa ke samAna Arambha Adi kA parityAga kara dharmadhyAna karatA hai| sacittatyAgapratimA - jo dayAmUrti zrAvaka kacce kandamUla, phala, zAka, zAkhA, bera, kanda, phUla aura bIjoM ko nahIM khAtA hai, vaha sacittatyAga pratimAdhArI hai| 18 isa pratimAdhArI kI prazaMsA karate hue pa. AzAdhara jI ne kahA hai ahojinoktinirNItaraho akssjitisstaam| nAlakSyajantvapi harit pyAnyete'sukSaye'pi yat / / sA. dharma. 7/10 sacittatyAga ke liye sAvadhAna sajjana puruSoM kA jina bhagavAn ke vacanoM para nizcaya AzcaryakArI hai, inakA indriyajaya vismaya paidA karatA hai kyoMki

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anekAnta-58/1-2 jisa vanaspati ke jantu pratyakSa se nahIM dekhe jAte haiM kevala Agama se hI jAne jAte haiM, ve prANa jAne para bhI use nahIM khAte haiN| ___ zIloM ke varNana prasaMga meM bhogopabhogaparimANa nAmaka zIla ke aticAra rUpa se jo sacittabhojana vrata pratimAdhArI ke liye tyAjya kahA thA khAye jAne vAle sacitta dravya meM rahane vAle jIvoM ke maraNa se paJcama pratimA dhAraka zrAvaka usa sacitta bhojana ko vrata rUpa se tyAga detA hai| AcArya samantabhadra ke anusAra isa pratimA vAlA vanaspati kA tyAgI hotA hai kintu paNDita AzAdhara jI use aprAsuka kA tyAgI kahate haiM yaha uttaravartI vikAsa hai| rAtribhuktityAgapratimA - jo rAtri meM anna, pAna, khAdya aura lehya ina cAra prakAra ke AhAroM ko prANiyoM para anukampAzIla hokara nahIM khAtA hai vaha rAtribhuktivirata zrAvaka hai|' paNDita AzAdhara ise rAtribhakta vrata pratimA nAma dete haiM unhoMne kahA hai "jo pUrvAkta pAMca pratimAoM ke AcAra meM pUrI taraha se paripakva hokara striyoM se vairAgya ke nimittoM meM ekAgramana hotA huA mana-vacana-kAya aura kRta-kArita-anumodanA se dina meM strI kA sevana nahIM karatA vaha rAtribhaktavrata hotA hai| 20 rAtri meM bhI RtukAla meM hI sevana karatA hai| parva ke dinoM kA tyAgI hotA hai kintu pratimAdhArI kRta, kArita, anumodanA ke sAtha mana vacana kAya se rAtri bhojana kA tyAgI hone kA artha navakoTi se niyama kA pAlaka hotA hai| jina AcAryo' ne divAmaithunatyAga yA rAtribhaktavrata nAma diyA hai aura dina meM strI kA tyAga batalAyA hai, unake pakSa meM bhI yahI hai ki isase pAMca pratimAoM ke pAlana karate samaya bhI dina meM strI bhoga kA tyAga hotA hai kintu isa pratimA kA pAlaka navakoTi se pAlana karatA hai| hAsa vinoda kA bhI dina meM tyAga karatA hai| brahmacaryapratimA - jo puruSa strI ke kAmAGga ko yaha mala kA bIja hai, mala kI yoni hai, nirantara mala jharatA rahatA hai, durgandhayukta hai aura vIbhatsa hai| isa

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anekAnta-58/1-2 prakAra dekhatA huA usase virakta hotA hai, vaha brahmacarya pratimA kA dhArI zrAvaka hai| isa pratimA kA dhArI sabhI striyoM kA tyAgI hotA hai| sabhI se tAtparya devAMganA, tiryaJcinI aura manuSya striyoM se hai sAtha meM inakI pratikRtiyoM se bhI hai| inakA sevana mana, vacana, kAya se nahIM honA caahie| brahmacaryapratimA ke dhAraka kI bahuta prazaMsA kI gayI hai niraticAra brahmacarya kA pAlana karane vAloM kA nAma lene mAtra se brahmarAkSasa Adi krUra prANI bhI zAnta ho jAte haiM, devatA bhI sevakoM kI taraha vyavahAra karate haiM tathA vidyA ora maMtra siddha ho jAte haiN| niraticAra brahmacarya kA pAlana karane se AtmA kI ananta zakti bar3ha jAtI hai ataH paradravya se haTakara AtmaramaNa karane ke liye isa vrata kA navakoTi pAlana karanA caahie| ArambhatyAgapratimA - Arambha zabda eka pAribhASika zabda hai jisakA artha hai hiMsAtmaka kriyaa| zramaNopAsaka saMkalpa pUrvaka trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA nahIM karatA kintu kRSi vANijya anya vyApAra meM jo SaTkAya ke jIvoM kI hiMsA saMbhava hai/hotI hI hai ataH usakA tyAgI hotA hai| yahA~ itanA vizeSa hai ki vaha svayaM Arambha kA tyAgI hotA hai kintu sevaka Adi se Arambha karAne kA tyAga nahIM karatA usakA Arambha kA tyAga eka karaNa tIna yoga se hotA hai| AcArya sakalakIrti ne AThavIM pratimAdhArI ko rathAdi kI savArI ke tyAga kA bhI vidhAna kiyA hai| __ parigrahatyAgapratimA - jo zrAvaka kSetra-vAstu, dhana-dhAnya hiraNya-svarNa dAsI-dAsa aura kupyabhANDa ina dasa bAhya parigrahoM meM mamatA chor3a nirmamatvabhAva se Atmastha ho santoSa dhAraNa karatA hai vaha bAhya parigraha se virakta navIM pratimA kA dhAraka zrAvaka hotA hai| anumatityAgapratimA - jisa zrAvaka kI kisI prakAra ke Arambha athavA parigraha meM yA aihika kAryo meM anumodanA nahIM rahatI use samabuddhi anumati tyAgI zrAvaka kahA hai| 25 uddiSTatyAgapratimA' - jo zrAvaka apane ghara se munivana ko jAkara guru ke samIpa meM vratoM ko grahaNa karake bhikSAvRtti se AhAra grahaNa karatA hai| cela khaNDa

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anekAnta-58/1-2 dhAraNa karatA hai| apane nimitta se bane hue AhAra ko grahaNa nahIM karatA hai, vaha uddiSTa AhAra tyAgI zrAvaka kahalAtA hai| ukta gyAraha pratimAoM kA saMkSipta vivecana gRhastha dharma kI viziSTatA ke kAraNa kiyA gayA hai| 1. mUlottaraguNaniSThAmadhitiSThan pnycgurupdshrnnyH| ___ dAnayajanapradhAno jJAnasudhAM zrAvaka. pipAsuH syaat| sAgAradharmAmRta 1/15 2. zrAvakadharmapradIpikA gA ? 3. zraddhAlutAMzrAtizRNoti zAsana dIne vapedAzu vRNoti drshnm| kRtatvapuNyAni karoti saMyama ta zrAvaka prAhuramI vicakSaNAH / / 4 prANAnte'pi na bhaktvyaM gurusAkSi zritaM vratam / prANAntasatatkSaNe duHkha vratabhaGge bhave bhve|| sAgaradharmAmRta 7/52 5. pratimA pratipatti pratijJetiyAvat sthAnAMga vRtti pRSTha 61 saMsAra zarIra bhogo se virakti pUrvaka viSaya kaSAyo kI nivRtti aura AtmasvarUpa meM pravRtti kA nAma pratimA hai| 6. saMyama aMza jagyau jahA~, bhoga aruci prinnaam| udaya pratijJA ko bhayau pratimA tAkau naam|| banArasIdAsa 7. dasaNa vaya sAmAiya posahasacitta rAibhattI y| bambhArambhapariggaha aNumaNa uddiTThadezAvirade de|| cAritrapAhur3a gA. 21 8. kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM (dharmAnuprekSA ke antargata) 9. zrAvakapadAni devairekAdaza dezitAni yeSu khlu| svaguNAH pUrvaguNaiH sahasatiSThante krmvivRddhaaH|| 10. sAgAradharmAmRta 17/1 11. samayasAra adhyAtmakalaza 12. samyagdarzanazuddhA sasArazarIrabhoganirviNNaH / paJcagurucaraNazaraNo dArzanikastattvapathagRhya / / ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra 13. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra 138 14 vahI 139 15. sudRD mUlottaraguNa grAmAbhyAsavizuddhadhIH / bhajastrisadhyaM kRcchre'pi sAmyaM sAmAyikI bhavet / / 16/1 16. jinaNavayaNadhammaceiyaparameTThijiNAlayANa NiccaM pi|

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anekAnta-58/1-2 ja vadaNa tiyAla kIrai sAmAyiya ta khu|| 17 ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra 140 18. mUlaphala-zAka-zAkhA-karIra-kanda-prasUna biijaani| ___nAmAni yo'tti so'ya sacittavirato dayAmUrti / / ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra 141 19. annaM pAnaM khAdyaM leAM nAznAti yo vibhAvaryAm / sa ca rAtribhuktivirata. satveSvanukampamAnamanA / / ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra 142 20. sAgAradharmAmRta 7/12 21 vasunandi, paM. AzAdhara Adi 22. ralakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra 143 23 vahI 144 24 dharmapraznottara zrAvakAcAra zloka 107 25. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra 145 -rIDara-saMskRta vibhAga digambara jaina kaoNleja, bar3auta (bAgapata) ApadAM kathitaH panthAH indriyaannaamsNymH| tajjayaH saMpadAM mArgo yeneSTaM tena gmytaam|| -'ApadAoM kA-duHkhoM kA-mArga hai indriyoM kA asaMyama; aura indriyoM ko jItanA-unheM apane vaza meM rakhanA-yaha sampadAoM kA-sukhoM kA mArga hai| ___jo mArga iSTa ho usI para clo|' -

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"gAgarona kI prAcIna, aprakAzita jaina pratimAe~" ___-lalita zarmA rAjasthAna ke dakSiNa-pUrva meM sthita jhAlAvAr3a jilA apane prAcIna bhU-bhAga meM aneka dharmo kI saMskRti ke avazeSo ke sAtha jaina dharma kI saMskRti ke bhI kaI AyAmoM ko samAhita kiye hue hai| mukhyAlaya jhAlAvAr3a se uttara kI ora cAra ki.mI. dUra Ai-aura kAlI sindha nadI ke taTa para 9vIM sadI kA eka prAcIna gAgarona durga hai| yaha durga prAcIna durgI kI 'jala durga' zreNI kA uttarI bhArata meM eka mAtra durga hai| dillI-mumbaI baDI relave lAIna ke madhya-koTA-jakzaMna se isa sthala kI dUrI mAtra 85 ki. mI. hai tathA dakSiNa meM ujjaina-indaura mArga para sthita hai| koTA se basa mArga dvArA jhAlAvAr3a hokara isa durga taka AsAnI se pahuMcA jA sakatA hai| vAyu mArga se isa sthala para pahuMcane ke liye yahAM kA nikaTatama havAI aDDA rAjasthAna rAjya kI rAjadhAnI jayapura athavA madhya-pradeza kI audyogika nagarI 'indaura' hai| donoM sthAno se basa mArga dvArA jhAlAvAr3a AsAnI se pahuMcA jA sakatA hai| kucha samaya pUrva maiM purAtAtvika zodha ke daurAna gAgarona-durga meM apane mitra zrI nikhileza seThI (pharma-vinodarAma-bAlacanda, vinoda bhavana, jhAlarApATana) ke sAtha gyaa| zodha ke daurAna mujhe vahA~ ke khaNDaharo aura dIvAroM meM kucha aisI sundara va kalAtmaka jaina pratimAe~ milI jinakI ora Aja taka kisI purAtatvavida, zodhArthI kA dhyAna hI nahI gayA thaa| isaliye ye pratimAe~ Aja taka aprakAzita rahIM jo samaya, dhUpa, pAnI, havA kI mAra sahakara Aja bhI prAcIna saMskRti kI zilpa kalA kI anupama thAtI haiN| ina durlabha, prAcIna aura aprakAzita pratimAo kA paricaya isa prakAra hai| yathA gAgarona durga meM prAcIna bhairavapola ke uttara kI ora durga kI lambI dIvAra kI eka burjI meM barasoM se cunI huI mahAvIra svAmI kI eka sundara pratimA zodha adhyayana kI dRSTi se upayogI hai| yaha pratimA Der3ha phITa lambe va eka phITa caur3e bhare va pItavarNI pASANa khaNDa para banI huI hai| padmAsana mahAvIra

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anekAnta-58/1-2 svAmI kI isa pratimA kI kamanIya kAyA kA aMkana isakI prAcInatA ko svataH hI pramANita karatA hai, jo pASANa meM prANa kA jIvanta pramANa hai| mahAvIra kI yaha pratimA dhyAnAvasthA meM hai jisame punarjanma va mRtyu se mukti ke bhAva parilakSita hote hai| pratimA kI grIvA meM salavaTe va kandhe ko chUte donoM lambakarNa kalAkAra kI dArzanika cetanA ke pramANa hai| pratimA ke zIza jUTa para dhuMgharAle kezoM kA aMkana bar3A hI sundara banA huA hai vahI dono hAtha padmAsana pAdapa para dhyAnAvasthA meM rakhe hue hai| __ mahAvIra svAmI kI isa anupameya pratimA ke zrImukha ke pRSTha meM sundara va dviAyAmI golAkAra AbhAmaNDala darzAyA gayA hai jisake zIrSa para eka laghu padamAsana jina pratimA banI haI hai-pratimA ko dekhate hI mana meM bhakti aura vairAgya ke bhAva utpanna hote haiN| isa pratimA ke nIce dAMyI tathA bAMyI ora do laghu baiThI huI sihAMkRtiyA~ lAMchana rUpa meM eka-dUsare kI viparIta mukhAvali meM banI huI haiN| mahAvIra svAmI kI isa pratimA ke dono padamAsana pairoM ke nIce do puruSAkRtiyA~ banI hai jo mahAvIra ke AsAna kA bhAra uThAne kA upakrama kiye hue hai| pratimA ke donoM ghuTano ke pRSTha meM do sundara laghu khar3agAsana mudrA meM sundara jina pratimAe~ hai vahIM pratimA ke dono kandhoM ke Upara do laghu padmAsana jina mUrtiyA~ tapasyA tallIna mudrA meM ukarI huI haiN| sArataH mahAvIra svAmI kI isa sundara aura prAcIna pratimA meM unakA mukha aura dhyAnAvasthA ke hAtha khaNDita hone ke bAvajUda bhI pratimA paryaTakoM, zodhArthiyoM va purAtatvavido ke liye adhyayana va avalokana kI dRSTi se ati mahatvapUrNa hai| isa pratimA ke nikaTa eka prAcIna devAlaya kI khaNDita utarAMga paTiTakA haiM jisameM unake laghu padmAsana svarUpa meM jaina mUrtiyA~ kalAtmakatA se banI huI haiN| Der3ha mITara lambe va Adhe mITara caur3e lAla pASANa khaNDa meM madhya meM eka sundara laghu padmAsana jina mUrti hai jisakA mukha va AbhAmaNDala vikRta hone ke bAvajUda bhI zarIra sauSThava kAphI sundara hai| isI krama meM durga ke darIkhAne ke madhya cauka meM do phITa lambe va eka phITa caur3e kAle-bhUre pASANa khaNDa para eka sundara digambara jaina pratimA khaDgAsana mudrA meM tapasyA rata hai| isa pratimA kI mukhAkRti pUrNatayA bhagna hone para bhI isakA kalA sauSThava ati sundara hai| isa pratimA ko kalAkAra ne bar3I hI tanmayatA se ukerA hai isakI kalA hI isakI

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anekAnta-58/1-2 prAcInatA kA pramANa hai| bhagna zIza va AbhAmaNDala hone ke bAvajUda bhI zeSa kaTipradeza, dhar3a va paira atyanta sundara haiN| pratimA ke donoM hAtha bhI khaNDita haiN| isa pratimA ke pairoM ke donoM ora do khaDgAsana laghu digambara jina pratimAe~ haiM jinake donoM ora Upara do-do padmAsana laghu mUrtiyA~ tapasyArata bhAvoM meM ukerI huI hai| mukhya pratimA ke bhagnamukha va AbhA maNDala ke dAMyI va bAMyI ora puruSa strI yugma ke AkAza gamana karate gandharva dampati darzita hai| saMbhavataH ve pratimA kA abhiSeka kara rahe haiN| mUrti ke pairoM ke nIce lAMchana, vAhana vinyAsa na hone se digambara hone se yaha nizcita hI digambara jaina dharma kI utkRSTa kalA zilpa nidhi hai| ___ gAgarona durga se 1953 meM avApta aura rAjakIya saMgrahAlaya meM pradarzita dasavIM sadI kI eka sundara pratimA jaina dharma ke prarvataka bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI hai, 25 seMTImITara lambe va 22 seMTImITara UMce sileTiyA pASANa khaNDa para utkIrNa bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI yaha pratimA padmAsana mudrA meM hai| zilpa aura tapasyA bhAva se sundara bana par3I isa pratimA ke dhyAnAvasthA ke donoM hAthoM kI aMguliyA~ va hathelI bhagna hai| pratimA ke pairoM ke nIce vRSabha kI AkRti banI huI hai jisake dAMyI tathA bAMyI ora do viparIta mukhAkRtiyoM vAlI siMhAkRtiyA~ banI huI hai| pratimA kA Asana uThAne kI mudrA meM nIce kI ora do puruSAkRtiyA~ bhArasAyaka rUpa meM ukarI huI hai| pratimA~ ke AsapAsa do-do khaNDita laghu pratimAe~ bhI hai| __ sArataH ukta jaina pratimAoM kI avApti se pramANita hotA hai ki saMbhavataH 10vIM sadI meM gAgarona meM vaiSNava mata ke sAtha-sAtha jainadharma kA bhI bola-bAlA rahA hogA aura vahA~ kadAcit koI prAcIna jaina mandira avazya rahA hogA jo kisI kAraNa vaza bhagna hone se usake avazeSa rUpa kI ukta pratimAe~ va utarAMga paTiyAM isa durga meM bAda meM cuna dI gaI ho| Aja bhI ye pratimAe~ zodha aura adhyayana kI dRSTi se upayogI sAbita ho sakatI haiN| samaya ke jhaMjhAvAtoM se jUjhakara bhI inhone apanA zilpa saundarya jisa prakAra banAye rakhA vaha Aja bhI anupameya hai| -jaikI sTUDiyo 11-maMgalapurA sTrITa, jhAlAvAr3a-326001 (rAja.)

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bhagavAna mahAvIra aura parigraha - parimANa vrata - DaoN. surendrakumAra jaina jaina dharmAnusAra AtmA puruSArtha kare to paramAtmA bana jAtI hai| eka bAra paramAtma-pada prApta ho jAne ke bAda sasAra meM punarAgamana nahIM hotA / bhagavAna mahAvIra kA nirvANa ke uparAnta saMsAra meM punaH Agamana nahIM ho sakatA; lekina jisa jIva kA Agamana saMsAra meM huA hai usakA sva puruSArtha ke bala para paramAtmA bana bhagavAna mahAvIra jaisA bana sakatA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI sAdhanA kisI eka janma kI nahIM apitu aneka janmoM kI sAdhanA kA pariNAma thI jisakA lakSya (mokSa) prApta honA azvayaMbhAvI thA / tIrthakara kA janma mAtra sva-upakAra ke lie hI nahIM apitu para upakAra ke lie bhI hotA hai| tIrthaMkara ke janma ke pUrva kI paristhitiyA~ bhI unakI AvazyakatA ko pratipAdita karatI haiM / 'vIrodaya mahAkAvya' ke anusAra "mano'hivadvakrimakalpaheturvANI kRpANIva ca marma bhettum / kAyo'pyakAyo jagate janasya na ko'pi kasyApi babhUva vazyaH / / iti duritAndhakArake samaye nakSatraughasaGkule'ghamaye / ajina janA''hlAdanAya tena vIrAhvayavara sudhAspadena / / " " arthAt usa samaya ke logoM kA mana sarpa ke tulya kuTila ho rahA thA, unakI vANI kRpANI (churI) ke samAna dUsaroM ke marma ko bhedane vAlI thI aura kAya bhI pApa kA Aya ( Agama-dvAra) bana rahA thA / usa samaya koI bhI jana kisI ke vaza meM nahIM thA; arthAt logoM ke mana-vacana-kAya kI kriyA ati kuTila thI aura sabhI svacchanda evaM niraGkuza ho rahe the / isa prakAra pApAndhakAra se vyApta, duSkRta-maya, akSatriya janoM ke samUha se saMkula samaya meM, athavA nakSatroM ke samudAya se vyApta samaya meM usa 'vIra' nAmaka mahAna candra ne janoM ke kalyANa ke lie janma liyA /

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anekAnta-58/1-2 ____ 'vIra' ne janma lekara 'varddhamAna' nAma sArthaka karate hue mahAvIratva kI sAdhanA pUrNa kii| ve pUrNa-jJAna hote hI kevalajJAnI-sarvajJa bne| unake sadavicAroM kA sampreSaNa divyadhvani ke mAdhyama se huaa| unhoMne AcAra sikhAne se pUrva apane vicAroM se mAnava hRdayoM, pazu-pakSiyoM taka ko abhisiMcita kiyaa| unakI dhAraNA thI ki vicAra vihIna AcAra jar3atA kA pratIka hai| nIti kahatI hai cAritraM naravRkSasya sugaMdhi kusumaM shubhm| AkarSaNa tathaivAtra lokAnAM raMjanaM mahat / / arthAt cAritra manuSya rUpI vRkSa kA sundara, sugandhita puSpa hai| sundara, sugandhita puSpa ke samAna hI udAtta caritra sabako apanI ora AkRSTa karatA hai aura sabako prasannatA pradAna karatA hai| isa cAritra kI sugandha tabhI prApta ho sakatI hai jabaki yaha vyakti dharma se jur3e, dharmAtmA bne| dharmapAlana mana kI zuddhi, vicAroM kI zuddhi evaM kAryo kI zuddhi se hI saMbhava hai| mana kI zuddhi ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai ki manaH zuddhayaiva zuddhiH syAd dehinAM nAtra sNshyH| vRthA tadvayatirekeNa kAyasyaiva kdrthnm|| arthAt mana kI zuddhi se AtmA kI zuddhi hotI hai| mana kI zuddhi ke binA kevala zarIra ko kaSTa denA vyartha hai| satvAritra kI prApti ke lie jitendriya honA Avazyaka hai| 'jJAnArNava' meM AcArya zubhacandra ne likhA hai ki indriyANi na guptAni nAbhyastazcitta nirjy| na nivedaH kRto mitra nAtmA duHkhena bhaavitH|| evamevApavargAya pravRttaiAna saadhne| svameva vaJcitaM muuddhairlokdvypthcyutaiH||' arthAt he mitra! jisane indriyoM ko vaza meM nahIM kiyA, citta ko jItane kA abhyAsa nahIM kiyA, vairAgya ko prApta nahIM hue, AtmA ko kaSToM se bhAyA nahIM aura vRthA hI mokSa hetu dhyAna meM pravRtta ho gaye; unhoMne apane ko ThagA aura

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anekAnta-58/1-2 ihaloka, paraloka; donoM se cyuta hue| kahane kA tAtparya yahI hai ki indriyajayI hone para hI cAritrika zreSThatA prApta hotI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra se pUrva yaha dhAraNA bana gaI thI ki dharmasAdhana to vRddhAvasthA meM karaNIya hai; kintu bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA ki dharma ke lie koI umra nahIM hotii| vaha to bacapana meM bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai, ghora yuvAvasthA meM bhii| unhoMne tIsa varSa kI yuvAvasthA meM digambara dIkSA grahaNa kara apanI sAdhanA ko eka nayA AyAma hI nahIM diyA apitu AdhyAtmika krAnti kA zaMkhanAda kiyA; jisakA carama aura parama lakSya thA-svayaM ko jiito| jo svayaM ko jItatA hai vAstava meM vahI jina hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA ki jItanA hai to svayaM ko jIto, mAranA hai to svayaM ke vikAroM ko maaro| bheda dekhane vAlA saMsArI hai aura jo bheda meM bhI abheda (AtmA) ko dekha letA hai vaha mokSArthI hai| saba jIvoM se mamatA tor3o aura samatA jodd'o| zastraprayoga mata karo aura jinavacana rUpa zAstroM ke viruddha AcaraNa mata kro| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kAma jItA, kaSAyeM jItIM, indriyoM ko jItA ora viSamatA ke zamana hetu samatA ko apanAyA aura mokSa paayaa| hamArA yahI lakSya honA caahie| ___ gAMdhI jI ne isa yuga meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke darzana ko AtmasAt kiyA thaa| unhoMne likhA ki-"jo AdamI svayaM zuddha hai, kisI se dveSa nahIM karatA, kisI se anucita lAbha nahIM uThAtA, sadApavitra mana rakhakara vyavahAra karatA hai, vaha AdamI dhArmika hai vahI sukhI hai aura vahI paise vAlA hai| mAnava jAti kI sevA usI se bana sakatI hai| "Aja AvazyakatA hai bhagavAna mahAvIra kI, eka preraka Adarza kI; jo batA sake ki cAritra kA mArga hI vareNya hai|" merI yaha paMktiyAM inhIM bhAvanAoM kI udbhAvaka haiM he vIra prabhu isa dharA para Aja tuma phira se pdhaaro| he vIra prabhu saba kAja kara Aja mama jIvana nihaaro|| ho gayA mAnava jo dAnava danujatA usakI mittaao| saralatA se, neha-dhana se sahajatA usakI bcaao|| he vIra tuma Ananda kI mUrti nirvera ho|

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anekAnta-58/1-2 guNoM ke mIra ho zAnti se amIra ho|| eka se neka ho anekAnta se aneka ho| zama, dama, dayA, tyAga ke svayaM sandeza ho|| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA ki AzA-tRSNA ke tApa se tapta mana hitakara nhiiN| artha anartha na kara de isalie artha kI anarthatA kA cintana karo"arthamanarthaM bhAvaya nityaM / " gRhastha artha kA upArjana kare kintu vaha nyAya kI tulA para kharA utaranA caahie| anyAya, anIti se kamAyA gayA dhana visaMvAda karAtA hai, saMgharSa ke lie prerita karatA hai ataH vaha mala kI taraha tyAjya hai| gRhastha ke lie dhana sAdhana bane, sAdhya nahIM aura sAdhu ke lie dhana sarvathA tyAjya hai| yahA~ taka ki vaha usake prati mamatva bhI na rakhe tabhI samatva kI sAdhanA pUrI hogii| isIlie bhagavAna kI vANI amRta rUpa banI, bhagavAna kA cAritra samyak cAritra bnaa| unake cAritra se saMsAra jAna sakA ki jor3ane meM sukha nahIM; sukha to tyAgane meM hai| hamArI to bhAvanA hai ki hama bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIvanAdarzo ko apanAyeM tAki zAnti mile, samatA ho aura saMgharSoM se chuTakArA mile| vItarAgatA kA unakA Adarza prayoga kI kasauTI para kasA huA kharA hai jisake prApta hone para na saMsAra burA hai, na vyakti balki; svayaM apanI AtmA priya lagane lagatI hai aura lakSya bana jAtA hai AtmA ko jIto, AtmA ko paao| parigraha - 'vRhat hindI koza' ke anusAra 'parigraha' zabda kA artha lenA, grahaNa karanA, cAroM ora se gheranA, AveSTita karanA, dhAraNa karanA, dhana Adi kA saMcaya, kisI dI huI vastu ko grahaNa karanA, kisI strI ko bhAryA rUpa meM grahaNa karanA, patnI, strI, pati, ghara, parivAra, anucara, senA kA pichalA bhAga, rAhu dvArA sUrya yA candramA kA grasA jAnA, zapatha, kasama, mUla AdhAra, viSNu, jAyadAda, svIkRti, maMjUrI, dAvA, svAgata-satkAra, Atithya satkAra karane vAlA, Adara, sahAyatA, damana, daMDa, rAjya, sambandha, yoga, saMkalana, zApa batAyA gayA hai|" isameM eka ora jahA~ parigraha ko saMcaya ke artha meM liyA hai vahIM zApa ke artha meM bhI rakhA hai jisase parigraha kI zocanIya dazA prakaTa hotI hai| jainAcAryoM kI

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anekAnta-58/1-2 dhAraNA meM parigraha 'parito gRhyati AtmAnamiti parigrahaH' arthAta jo saba ora se AtmA ko jakar3e; vaha parigraha hai| __ AcArya umAsvAmI ke anusAra 'mUrchA parigraha hai' - "mUrchA parigrahaH / '' isa sUtra kI TIkA meM AcArya pUjyapAda svAmI ne likhA hai ki "gAya, bhaiMsa, maNi aura motI Adi cetana, acetana bAhya upadhi kA tathA rAgAdirUpa abhyantara upadhi kA sarakSaNa, arjana aura saMskAra Adi rUpa vyApAra hI mUrchA hai| AcArya pUjyapAda kI hI dRSTi meM "mamedaMbuddhilakSaNaH parigrahaH' arthAt yaha vastu merI hai| isa prakAra kA saMkalpa rakhanA parigraha hai| rAjavArtika ke anusAra- "lobhakaSAya ke udaya se viSayoM ke saMga ko parigraha kahate haiN|' "mamedaM vastu ahamasya svAmItyAtmAtmIyAbhimAnaH saMkalpaH parigraha ityucyate" arthAt yaha merA hai, maiM isakA svAmI hU~; isa prakAra kA mamatva pariNAma parigraha dhavalA pustaka ke anusAra- "parigRhyata iti parigrahaH bAhyArthaH kSetrAdiH, parigRhyate aneneti ca parigrahaH bAhyArthagrahaNaheturatra pariNAmaH / 'parigrahyate iti parigrahaH' arthAt jo grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai vaha parigraha hai; isa nirukti ke anusAra kSetrAdi rUpa bAhya padArtha parigraha kahA jAtA hai tathA "parigRhyate aneneti parigrahaH" jisake dvArA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai vaha parigraha hai; isa nirukti ke anusAra yahA~ bAhya padArtha ke grahaNa meM kAraNabhUta pariNAma parigraha kahA jAtA hai| samayasAra AtmakhyAti ke anusAra 'icchA parigrahaH' arthAt icchA hI parigraha hai|" parigraha ke bheda - parigraha ke do bheda haiM- 1. bAhya, 2. antrNg| bAhya parigraha meM bhUmi, makAna, svarNa, rajata, dhana-dhAnya Adi acetana tathA naukara-cAkara, pazu, strI Adi sacetana padArtha zAmila kiye jAte haiN| 12 antaraGga parigraha meM mithyAtva krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, hAsya, rati, arati, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA, strIveda, puMveda aura napuMsaka veda bhAvanAyeM vyakti ke antaraMga parigraha haiN|

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80 anekAnta-58/1-2 parigraha pApa hai - jainAgama meM pA~ca pApa mAne gaye haiM-hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kazIla aura prigrh| isake anusAra parigraha bhI pApa hai| parigraha banAma mUrchA pA~coM prakAra ke pApoM kA mUla srota hai| jo parigrahI hai tathA parigraha ke arjana, sambarddhana evaM saMrakSaNa ke prati saceta hai vaha hiMsA, jhUTha, corI va abrahma meM se baca nahIM sktaa| 'savArtha siddhi' ke anusAra- 'saba dopa parigraha mUlaka haiN| 'yaha merA hai' isa prakAra ke saMkalpa ke hone para saMrakSaNa Adi rUpa bhAva hote haiM aura isameM hiMsA avazyabhAvinI hai| isake lie asatya bolatA hai, corI karatA hai, maithuna karma meM pravRtta hotA hai| narakAdi meM jitane duHkha haiM ve sava isase utpanna hote haiN| A. guNabhadra kI dRSTi meM- "sajjanoM kI bhI sampatti zuddha nyAyopArjita dhana se nahIM bddh'tii| kyA kabhI samudra ko svaccha jala se paripUrNa dekhA jAtA hai?" zuddhaidhanairvivardhante satAmapi na smpdH| na hi svacchAmbubhiH pUrNAH kadAcidapi sindhavaH / / / AcArya amRtacandra svAmI ke anusAra parigraha meM hiMsA hotI haihiMsA paryAtvAsiddhA hiNsaantrnggsnggessu| bahiraGageSu tu niyataM prayAtu mUDUMva hiMsAtvam / / 16 arthAt hiMsA ke paryAyarUpa hone ke kAraNa antaraMga parigraha meM hiMsA svayaM siddha hai aura bahiraMga parigraha meM mamatva pariNAma hI hiMsA bhAva ko nizcaya se prApta hote haiN| parigraha tyAga kI preraNA - jainAcAryoM ne parigraha tyAga hetu ise aNuvrata, pratimA evaM mahAvrata ke antargata rakhA hai| aNuvrata evaM pratimA sadgRhastha zrAvaka evaM parigraha-tyAga-mahAvrata muni dhAraNa karate haiN| parigraha parimANa - parigraha duHkha mUlaka hotA hai| 'jJAnArNava' meM kahA gayA hai ki saMgAtkAmastataH krodhastasmAddhiMsA tyaashubhm| tena zvAbhrI gatistasyAM duHkhaM vaacaamgocrm||"

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anekAnta-58/1-2 arthAt parigraha se kAma hotA hai, kAma se krodha, krodha se hiMsA, hiMsA se pApa aura pApa se narakagati hotI hai| use narakagati meM vacanoM ke agocara ati duHkha hotA hai| isa prakAra duHkha kA mUla parigraha hai| duHkha rUpa parigraha se bacane ke lie jainAcAryo ne parigraha ko parimANa (sImita) karane kA aNuvrata ke rUpa meM mAnyatA dI hai| 'sarvArthasiddhi' ke anusAra - 'dhandhAnyakSetrAdInamicchAvazAt kRta paricchedo gRhIti paJcamaNuvratam" 18 arthAt gRhastha dhana, dhAnya aura kSetra Adi kA svecchA se parimANa kara letA hai isalie usake pA~cavAM parigraha parimANa aNuvrata hotA hai| 'kArtikeyAnuprekSA' ke anusAra jo lohaM NihaNittA saMtosa - rasAyaNeNa sNtuttttho| NihaNadi tiNhAduTThA maNNaMto viNassaraM savvaM / / jo parimANaM kuvvadi dhnn-dhnnnn-suvnnnn-khittmaaiinnN| uvayogaM jANittA aNuvvadaM paMcamaM tassa / / arthAt jo lobha kaSAya ko kama karake, santoSa rUpI rasAyana se santuSTa hotA huA, sabako vinazvara jAnakara dhana, dhAnya, suvarNa aura kSetra vagairaha kA parimANa karatA hai usake pAMcavAM (parigraha parimANa) aNuvrata hotA hai| 'ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra' meM AcArya samantabhadra deva ne kahA hai ki dhanadhAnyAdi granthaM parimAya tato'dhikeSu niHspRhtaa| parimita parigrahaH syAdicchA primaannnaamaapi||20 arthAta dhana-dhAnyAdi daza prakAra ke parigraha ko parimita arthAt usakA parimANa karake ki 'itanA rakheMge' usase adhika meM icchA nahIM rakhanA so parigraha parimANavrata hai tathA yahI icchA parimANa vAlA vrata bhI kahA jAtA hai| isa prakAra saMcita parigraha ko nirantara kama-kama karate jAne kA saMkalpa tathA saMkalpAnusAra kArya parigraha parimANa kahA jAtA hai| parigraha parimANa Avazyaka - parigraha saMcaya eka mAnavIya mAnasika vikRti

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82 anekAnta-581-2 hai jisake kAraNa vyakti jIvana bhara dukha uThAtA hai tathA pA~coM pApoM ke kAryo meM saMlagna hotA hai| yahA~ taka ki parigrahI kI dhAraNA hI bana jAtI hai ki rAma kI cir3iyA, rAma kA khet| khA merI cir3iyA, bhara le peTa / / saMgraha kI pravRtti samAja meM uthala puthala macA detI hai jisameM abhAva kA rUpa krAnti kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai| yahA~ taka ki parigrahI vyakti vikSipta jaisA ho jAtA hai jise hala pala parigraha kI hI dhuna savAra rahatI hai| nIti bhI kahatI hai ki kanaka-kanaka taiM sau gunI, mAdakatA adhikaay| yA khAye baurAta jaga, bA pAye bauraay|| AcArya umAsvAmI ne manuSyagati ke Asava meM alpaArambha aura alpa parigraha kA bhAva pramukha mAnA hai- 'alpArambha parigrahatvaM maanusssy|' vahIM bahuta Arambha aura bahuta parigraha vAle kA bhAva narakAyu kA Asrava haiM"bahArambhaparigrahatvaM naarksyaayussH|" 22 aba yaha hameM vicAra karanA hai ki hama parigraha kA parimANa karake manuSya bananA cAhate haiM yA bahuta adhika parigraha kA saMcaya karake narakagati ke duHkha bhoganA cAhate haiN| kabIra ne isIlie kahA ki pAnI bAr3he nAva meM, ghara meM bAr3he daam| donoM hAtha ulIciye, yahI sayAno kaam|| 23 kucha loga dharma, dAna, pUjA Adi ke lie dhanAdi parigraha saMcaya ko ucita mAnate haiM kintu 'krAisTa' kA kathana hai ki 'paisA baTorakara dAna karanA vaisA hI hai jaisA ki kIcar3a lagAkara dhonaa|" saMskRta meM sUkti hai ki- "prakSAlanAddhi pakasya dUrAdasparzanaM varam" arthAt kIcar3a lagane para dhone se acchA hai ki use dUra se hI tyAga deN| usI prakAra parigraha saMcaya kara dAna karane kI apekSA parigraha tyAga hI ucita hai| gRhastha ko to apanI AvazyakatA ke anurUpa parigraha parimANa hI karanA caahiye|

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anekAnta-58/1-2 parigraha saMcaya kA hI yaha duSpariNAma hai ki eka ora jahA~ loga bhUkha se mara rahe haiM vahIM dUsarI ora dhanADhya varga gariSTha bhojana karake apanA svAsthya bigAr3a rahe haiN| kucha logoM ke 'lakjharI' sAdhanoM ke lie 'nesesarIja' vastuoM se bhI loga vaMcita kiye jA rahe haiN| tAtkAlika lAbha bhale hI anaitika tarIkoM se prApta ho; use prApta karane ke lie jI tor3a mehanata kara rahe haiN| aise meM yadi koI samucita mArga bacatA hai to vaha parigraha parimANa hI hai| kuMvara baicena ne ThIka hI kahA hai tumhAre dila kI cubhana bhI jarUra kama hogii| kisI ke pA~va se kA~TA nikAlakara dekho|| eka bAra mahAtmA gAMdhI se kisI mAravAr3I seTha ne pUchA ki- gAMdhI jI, Apa sabase TopI lagAne ko kahate haiM; yahA~ taka ki Apake atyanta Agraha ke kAraNa TopI ke sAtha ApakA nAma jur3akara 'gAMdhI TopI' ho gayA hai, lekina Apa svayaM TopI kyoM nahIM lagAte? yaha prazna sunakara gAMdhI jI ne unase pUchA ki 'Apane yaha jo pagar3I bA~dha rakhI hai isameM kitanI TopiyAM bana sakatI haiM? mAravAr3I seTha ne kahA ki"biis"| taba gAMdhI jI ne kahA ki "jaba tumhAre jaisA eka AdamI bIsa TopiyoM kA kapar3A apane sira para bA~dha letA hai to mujha jaise unnIsa AdamiyoM ko naMge sira rahanA par3atA hai|" yaha uttara sunakara vaha seTha niruttara ho gye| vAstava meM parigraha parimANa hI gRhastha ko sAmAjika banAtA hai| parigraha kI dIvAreM hamAre prati ghRNA evaM vidveSa ko janma detI haiN| alI ahamada jalIlI kA eka zera hai ki napharatoM ne hara tarapha se ghera rakhA hai hameM, jaba ye dIvAreM gireMgI rAstA ho jaayegaa|| parigraha parimANa ke lie samAjavAda kI avadhAraNA sAmane aayii|

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SA anekAnta-58/1-2 samAjavAda kI avadhAraNA agara aMza hai to parigraha parimANa usa aMza ko pAne kI dizA meM uThAyA gayA mahatvapUrNa kadama hai jo kramazaH parimita hote hue jaba aparigraha kI sthiti meM AtA hai to pUrNa evaM saphala lakSya bana jAtA hai| yahA~ artha kI anarthatA kI nitya bhAvanA karane vAlA prANI dhana ko svaparopakAra kA nimitta mAtra mAnatA hai| sarvaprathama apanI abhilASAoM ko santoSa meM badalakara vaha dAnazIlatA kI ora unmukha hotA hai| parigraha kA parimANa karatA hai aura nirantara AtmavikAsa karatA huA parimANa kiye parigraha meM bhI mamatva chor3akara pUrNa aparigrahI bana jAtA hai| " saMsAra meM zAnti parigraha parimANa se hI saMbhava hai| kintu svArtha aura saMcaya kI pravRtti ne samAjavAda ko sthApita hI nahIM hone diyaa| AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja ne svArtha kI isa pravRtti kA isa rUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai svAgata merA ho manamohaka vilAsitAyeM mujhe mileM acchI vastueM aisI tAmasatA bharI dhAraNA hai tumhArI phira bhalA batA do hameM AsthA kahA~ hai samAjavAda meM tumhArI? sabase Age meM samAja bAda meN|" 25 parigraha parimANa karake zeSa sampadA ke vitaraNa ke viSaya meM AcArya zrI kI dhAraNA hai ki "aba dhanasaMgraha nahIM jana saMgraha karo aura lobha ke vazIbhUta ho samucita vitaraNa karo

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anekAnta-58/1-2 anyathA dhanahInoM meM corI ke bhAva jAgate haiM, jAge haiM corI mata kara, corI mata karo yaha kahanA kevala dharma kA nATaka hai uparila sabhyatA upacAra cora itane pApI nahIM hote jitane ki coroM ko paidA karane vAle tuma svayaM cora ho coroM ko pAlate ho aura coroM ke janaka bhii|" 26 85 zeksapiyara ne likhA hai ki- Gold is worse pain on the man in souls doing more murders in this world than any mortal drug. arthAt sonA (svarNa) manuSya kI AtmA ko atyadhika rUpa se dukhI karatA hai / kisI maraNadAyaka auSadhi kI apekSA sone ke kAraNa saMsAra meM adhika hatyAyeM huI haiN| apane yahAeN kahAvata hai ki 'bubhukSitaH kinnu karoti pApaM / arthAt bhUkhA manuSya kyA pApa nahI karatA? muTThI bhara logoM ke hAtha meM pUMjI va anya sAmagrI saMgRhIta hokara janatA ko trasta karatI haiM; jisakA pariNAma bar3A bhayaMkara hotA hai| bhUkhA vyakti satya-asatya ora hiMsA-ahiMsA ke bheda ko bhUla jAtA hai / eka kavi ne likhA hai ki bhUkhe phakIra ne tar3apakara kahA satya kI paribhASA bahuta choTI hai kevala eka zabda roTI hai / parigraha parimANa apane lie hI nahIM balki prANI mAtra ke upakAra ke lie

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86 anekAnta-58/1-2 Avazyaka hai| Aja to loga parigraha saMcaya ke lie nyAya-anyAya kA bheda chor3akara anya janoM ke adhikAroM ko dabAkara bhI zoSaNa karate haiN| biDambanA to yaha bhI hai ki parigraha ko pApa batAye jAne ke bAda bhI usake saMcayI ko puNyAtmA kahakara abhinandanIya banA diyA gayA hai| yahA~ taka ki jina bhagavAna ne sampUrNa parigraha kA tyAga kara diyA una para bhI sone-cAMdI ke chatra car3hAye jAte haiM aura use vaibhava ke rUpa meM mahimAmaMDita kiyA jAtA hai| ___ parigraha svayaM meM eka roga hai yaha jise laga jAtA hai vaha dinarAta isI meM lagA rahatA hai; kintu jo niSparigrahI hotA hai vaha kabhI baicena nahIM rhtaa| jisake pAsa parimita parigraha hai vaha caina se rahatA hai, caina se khAtA hai aura caina se sotA hai tathA aNuvrata rUpa meM pAlana kare to karmo kI nirjarA bhI karatA hai ataH parigraha kA parimANa kara sukhI honA hI iSTa hai, upAdeya hai| sandarbha 1. AcArya jJAnasAgara : vIrodaya mahAkAvya, 1/38-39, 2. AcArya zubhacandra : jJAnArNava, 3 vRhat hindI koza, pR. 650, 4. A umAsvAmI-tattvArthasUtra 7/17, 5 A pUjyapAda sarvArthasiddhi 7/17/695, 6 vahI, 6/15/638, 7. rAjavArtika 4/21/3/236, 8 vahI 6/15/3/525, 9 dhavalA 12/4, 2, 8, 6/282/9, 10. jainendra siddhAnta koza, 3/24, 11 samayasAra-AtmakhyAti/210, 12 A. amRtacaMdra * puruSArthasiddhyupAya, 117, 13. vahI, 116, 14. sarvArthasiddhi 7/17/695, 15. A. guNabhadra :, 16. puruSArthasiddhayupAya, 119, 17. jJAnArNava, 16/12/178, 18 sarvArthasiddhi 7/20/701, 19. kArtikeyAnuprekSA, mUla 339-340, 20. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, 61, 21. tattvArthasUtra 6/17, 22. vahI, 6/15, 23. kabIra . sAkhI 24. svaya kA lekha- 'sAmAjika banane kI prathama zarta aparigraha bhAvanA' jainagajaTa, varSa 100, aMka-30 meM prkaashit| 25 mUkamATI, 460-461, 26. vahI, 467-468 -ela 65, nyU indirA nagara burahAnapura (ma. pra.)

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Agama kI kasauTI para premI jI -DaoN. zreyAMsakumAra jaina paNDita zrI nAthUrAma 'premI' vicAra evaM cintana kI dRSTi se pUrNa svatantra the| vicAra niyantraNa meM premI' jI kA vizvAsa nahIM rahatA hai| nindA evaM prazaMsA unheM vicalita nahIM kara sakI hai| ve eka aise sAhityakAra the jo cintana saMkIrNa matavAdoM, sAmpradAyika evaM sAmAjika sthUla sImAoM ko pAra kara gaye the| unakI mAnyatA thI ki cintana ko svatantra karanA atyanta avazyaka hai| unhoMne samagra bhAratIya darzanoM evaM bhAratIya dharmo kA gaharAI se adhyayana kiyA thaa| adhyayana ke sAtha sAmAjika kAryo meM bhI unakI gaharI abhiruci thii| 'premI' jI ke vyaktitva aura kRtitva para mujhe vicAra nahIM karanA hai kintu unakI itihAsakAra aura sAhityakAra kI chavi pratyeka adhyetaH ko lubhAtI hai| sAhitya vyakti ke jIvana kA sAkAra rUpa hotA hai| sAhitya kevala jar3a zabdoM kA samUha nahIM hai, usameM vyakti kA jIvana bolatA hai| sAhityakAra kI jimmedArI hotI hai ki vaha apanI sAhitya-sAdhanA ko yathArtha se jor3akara cle| saMskRti kI saMrakSA meM hI apane vicAroM ko gatimAna kre| vicAra sAdhaka yA sAhityakAra ke patha ke andhakAra ko naSTa bhraSTa karane vAlA aloka hai| vicAroM kI paripakvatA sAhitya sRjana meM mahatvapUrNa yogadAna detI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki sAhityakAra kI samAja aura saMskRti ke saMrakSaNa meM ahaM bhUmikA hotI hai| vaha samAja aura zAsana para aMkuza lagA sakatA hai| vaha samAja kI kupravRttiyoM ko dUra kara sakatA hai| vaha vikAsa ke lie kArya karatA hai na ki saMskRti ke vinAza ke lie| jahA~ paM. zrI nAthUrAma premI ne Adhunika yuga kI bhAvanAoM ko mAnyatA pradAna karAyI, vahIM prAcIna paramparA aura zAstra purANoM meM pratipAdita saMskRti ko nukasAna pahuMcA aura unakI sAhityakAra kI bhUmikA jaina zAstroM kI dRSTi se vizeSa mahattvapUrNa nahIM hai kyoMki unhoMne apane alekhoM

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anekAnta-58/1-2 meM varNa saMkaratA aura jAti saMkaratA dopoM kI paravAha na kara aneka Agama se pratikUla lekha likhe| unhoMne rakta zuddhi para vicAra hI nahIM kiyA jabaki karmabhUmi ke prArambha meM yugala utpatti na rahane ke kAraNa rakta zuddhi banAye rakhane ke lie varNa vyavasthA bnii| varNa aura jAti nizcita kiye gaye aura unake kAryo ko bhI nizcita kiyA gaay| yuga ke anta meM pralayakAla ke samaya deva aura vidyAdhara kucha jor3oM ko vijayA surakSita karate haiM unhIM meM se tIrthaGkara aura zalAkA puruSoM kI paramparA calatI hai yaha anAdya paramparA hai zAstroM meM varNita anAdyananta paramparA ke viparIta / 'premI' jI ne 'vidhavA vivAha' kA Agama kI upekSA kara samarthana kiyA hai| lekhana ke mAdhyama se hI samarthana nahIM kiyA apit jaina samAja ke madhya isake pracAra-prasAra ke lie Andolana bhI kiye haiN| unakI isa pravRtti ke lie svArtha bhAvanA valavatI rahI hai kyoMki unake laghubhrAtA seTha nanhelAla jaina kI patnI kA asamaya meM nidhana ho gayA thaa| apane bhAI ko vidhura nahIM dekha sakane ke kAraNa 8 disambara 1928 ko eka 22 varSIyA vidhavA ke sAtha vidhura bhAI kA vivAha karAkara apane vicAroM ko amalI vAnA phinaayaa| Agama ke pakSaghara logoM ko yA kahiye dharmamIrU janoM ko nIcA dikhAne hetu sAgara (ma. pra.) ke jana bahula kSetra cakarAghATa para eka susajjita maNDapa banavAyA gayA hajAroM logoM ko ekatrita kiyA gayA aura aneka sudhAravAdI logoM ke vaktavya karAye gaye aura anantara devarI meM premI jI ne 12 disambara 1928 ko eka prItibhoja kA bhI Ayojana kiyA usa avasara para aneka jainetara logoM se samarthana meM bhASaNa dilAye gye| sabhApati ke pada se myunisipailiTI ke adhyakSa paM. gopAla rAva rAmale ne vidhavA vivAha ke samarthana meM vyAkhyAna diyA aura grAma vAsiyoM ne unakA abhinandana bhI kiyaa| premI jI dvArA vidhavA vivAha kA samarthana cAhe lokaiSaNA se kiyA gayA ho yA unako apanA hita sAdhana karane hetu karanA par3A ho kintu jinAgama ke adhyetA ke dvArA kiyA gayA yaha kArya ucita nahIM hai kyoMki jaina zAstroM meM kahIM bhI ukta kArya kA samarthana nahIM hai| niSegha ke pramANa avazya milate haiN|

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anekAnta-58/1-2 candranakhA ko jaba kharadUSaNa ne haraNa kara liyA, taba rAvaNa atyanta kruddha hotA hai aura kharadUSaNa ko mAranA cAhatA hai tabhI mandodarI kahatI hai 89 kathaJcicca hatepyasmin kanyAharaNadUSitA / anyasmai naiva vizrANyA kevalaM vidhavI bhavet / / 36 / / padmapurANa parva yadi kisI taraha vaha kharadUSaNa mArA bhI gayA to haraNa ke doSa se dUSita kanyA anya dUsare ko nahIM dI jA sakegI use to mAtra vidhavA hI rahanA par3egA / AdipurANa kA prasaMga bhI dhyAtavya hai jaba sulocanA ne svayaMvara meM jayakumAra ke gale meM varamAlA DAla dI, taba bharata samrATa ke putra arkakIrti kucha logoM ke bhar3akAne se yuddha ke lie taiyAra ho gaye, usI bIca arkakIrti kahate haiM "maiM sulocanA ko bhI nahIM cAhatA hU~ kyoMki sabase IrSyA karane vAlA yaha jayakumAra abhI mere bANoM se hI mara jAvegA taba usa vidhavA se mujhe kyA prayojana raha jAvegA / ' rainamanjUSA, anantamatI carcA, sItA Adi ke zIlapAlana kI anukaraNIyatA bhavya pramoda grantha kA yaha kathana bhI vicAraNIya hai maiM pati kI jhUThana bhaI yoga na joga na Ana / merI jo icchA kare ke kAgA ke zvAna / / yahA~ mukta hone para virakti kA hI samarthana hai / AcArya somadeva ne yazastilaka campU ke 13veM adhyAya meM vidhavA ke lie do mArga batAye haiM / eka jinadIkSA grahaNa karanA aura dUsarA vaidhavya dIkSA lenA / AcArya vacana isa prakAra hai tatra vaidhavya dIkSAyAM dezavrata parigrahaH / kaNThasUtra parityAgaH karNabhUSaNavarjanam / / zeSabhUSA nivRttizca vastra khaNDAntarIyakam / uttarIyeNa vastreNa mastakAcchadanaM tathA / / khaTvA zayyAJjanAlepaM hAridraplavavarjanam / zokAkranda nivRttizca vikathAnAM vivarjanam / / prAtaH snAnaM tathA nityaM sandhyAvandanaM tathA /

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anakAnta-58/1-2 prANAyAma pUjanaM arghyapradAnaM ca yathocitam / / trisandhyaM devatAstotraM japaH zAstrazrutiH smRtiH| bhAvanA cAnuprekSANAM tathAtma prtibhaavnaaH|| pAtradAnaM yathAzakti caikbhktmgRddhitH| tAmbUlavarjanaM caiva sarvametadvidhIyate / / arthAt usa vidhavA strI ko dezavrata rUpa aNuvrata grahaNa karanA caahie| gale evaM kAnoM ke AbhUSaNoM kA tyAga karanA caahie| sabhI prakAra kI AbhUSaNoM kA tyAga karanA caahiye| zarIra para pahanane or3hane ke do vastra rakhe palaMga para nahIM sonA/AkhoM me kAjala na lagAve haldI kA uvaTana lagAkara snAna nahIM krnaa| zokapUrNa rudana na kare vikathA kA tyAga kre| prAtaHkAla snAna kara sandhyavandana nitya kre| prANAmAma kre| pUjA kare arghyapradAna kare trikAla bhagavAn ke stotra pddh'e| japa kare zAstra par3he anuprekSA kA cintavana kare, Atma bhAvanA bhAve, pratidina pAtradAna yathAzakti kre| rasoM ko chor3akara ekAsana kre| pAna khAnA chor3e aura dharmadhyAna se brahmacarya pUrvaka rhe| yahA~ para spaSTa rUpa se batAyA gayA hai ki strI ko pati ke mara jAne ke bAda kaise rahanA cAhie? aba pati ke marane kyA karanA cAhie ke uttara AcArya kahate haiM vidhavA yAstato nAryA jinadIkSA smaashryH| zreyAnutasvidvaidhavya dIkSA va gRhyate tdaa|| 198 / / jo vidhavA strI hai, use zIghra jinadIkSA grahaNa karanA caahie| AryikA bananA hI zreyaskara hai anyathA jaghanya pakSa vaidhavyadIkSA grahaNa karanA caahie| zAstroM meM ullekha milate haiM, jo vidhavAeM huI unhoMne jinadIkSA grahaNa kI hai| rAvaNa kI mRtyu hone para mandarodarI Adi 48 hajAra striyoM ne AryikA dIkSA grahaNa kI thii| Agama meM kahIM bhI dUsare pati vAlI strI ko satI nahIM kahA gayA hai yadi kahIM kahA gayA ho to use samarthaka btaaye| isake samarthana se to Agama

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anekAnta-58/1-2 vyavasthA badala jaayegii| logoM kA kahanA hai ki choTI umra meM vidhavA ho gaI jIvana kaise calegA, unase merA nivedana hai ki jaisA bhoga ke lie prerita karate ho vaisA dharma ke lie bhI to prerita kiyA jA sakatA hai| vidhavA se punaH santAna utpanna karanA kahIM bhI nahIM likhA hai| kisI kavi ne kahA bhI hai siMhagamana supuruSa vacana, kadalI phalai na baar| tiriyA taila hamIra haTha, car3he na dUjI baar|| siMha jisa ora se bhI nikala jAtA hai, vApisa nahIM lauTatA, sAdhu sajjana puruSa jo eka bAra bola dete haiM, use hI mAnate haiM apanI bAta nahI palaTate haiN| isI prakAra jisa strI ke eka bAra vivAha ke lie tela car3ha gayA so car3ha gayA phira kabhI dUsarI bAra nahIM cddh'taa| hamIra rAjA kI haTha kI bhI puSTi karane hetu udAharaNa die haiN| jaina purANoM ke alAvA vaidika saMskRti bhI vidhavA vivAha kA samarthana nahIM karatI hai| manu smRti meM vidhavAvivAha kA niSedha hai| naiSadhIya carita meM mahAkavi harSa haMsa ke mAdhyama se isa bAta kI puSTi karate haiM ki pazu pakSiyoM meM bhI saccaritratA kI bhAvanA hotI hai !' ___ vidhavA vivAha kA samarthana na to Agama ne kiyA na purANa zAstra karate haiM kintu premI jI jaise kucha sudhAravAdI madhu aura candrA kA udAharaNa lekara puSTi karane kI koziza karate haiM kyA eka strI-puruSa ne doSa pApa kiyA to sabhI ko usa pApa pravRtti meM pravRtta honA cAhie vidhavA bhukta hone ke kAraNa doSa yukta to hai hii| kucha logoM kA kahanA hai ki yadi puruSa dUsarI zAdI kara sakatA hai, to strI kyoM nahIM kara sakatI hai isa para jainAcAryoM ne kahA hai ki puruSa svarNa ghaTa sadRza hai aura strI mRtikA ghaTa rUpa hai| puruSa chor3ane vAlA hai aura strI gRhItA hai ataH puruSa doSa yukta na hokara strI hI doSa yukta hotI hai isIlie punarvivAha kI adhikAriNI nahIM hai| manuSyoM kI kriyA meM zuddha hone para bhI yadi unake Apta Agama nirdoSa nahIM

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92 anekAnta-58/1-2 hai to unheM uttama phala kI prApti nahIM ho sakatI hai jaise ki kriyAeN zuddha hone para bhI vijAtIya logoM se kulIna santAna rUpa uttama phala kI prApti nahIM ho sakatI hai| padmapurANa ke eka ullekha se vijAtIya vivAha kA samarthana kisI ko bhI ucita nahIM hai / ' 3 4 Agama sAhitya ke antargata sAmAjika vyavasthAoM kA varNana nahIM hai kintu purANa sAhitya usI kA anukaraNa karatA hai aura prathamAnuyoga ke andara AtA hai, purANa sAhitya ko bhI Agama kI maryAdA svIkAra kara zAstrIya pramANa prastuta kiye jA rahe haiM / sAhityakAroM ne apanI lekhanI ko jo maryAdA vihIna banAyA hai usakI ko AdhAra banAkara likhA jA rahA hai| premI jI ne vijAtIya aura antarjAtIya vivAha kA bhI samarthana kiyA hai / ve eka vidvAn the, unheM lekhana ke lie Agama kA avalokana avazya karanA cAhie thA kintu unhoMne nimnalikhita Agama ke sandarbhoM kI upekSA kara vijAtIya vivAha kA samarthana kiyA hai 1 trilokasAra meM muni ko AhAradAna dene vAle kI zuddhi kI carcA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jAtisaMkarAdi doSoM se rahita piNDa zuddhi vAlA vyakti hI AhAra dAna kA adhikArI hai dubbhAva asuci sUdaga puphphavaI jAIsaMkarAdIhiM / kayadANA kuvatte jIvA kuNareSu jAyante / / 924 / / trilokasAra arthAt jo durbhAvanA, apavitratA, sUtaka Adi se evaM puSpavatI strI ke sparza se yukta jAtisaMkara Adi doSoM se sahita hote hue bhI dAna dete haiM aura jo kupAtroM ko dAna dete haiM, ve jIva marakara kubhoga bhUmi (kumanuSyoM) meM janma lete haiN| varNa, vaMza, gotra anAdyananta haiM, isI prakAra jAti bhI haiM AcArya somadeva likhate haiM- "jAtayo'nAdayaH sarvAstatkriyApi tathA vidyA / / 18 / / yazastilakacampU sapta paramasthAnoM meM sajjAtitva ko prathama sthAna diyA gayA hai jisakI

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anekAnta-58/1-2 11 paribhASA bhagavajjina senAcArya ne isa prakAra kI hai pituranvayazuddhiryA tatkulaM paribhASyate / mAturanvayazuddhistu jaatiritybhilpyte|| 85 / / vizuddhirubhayasyAsya sjjaatirnuvrnnitaa|| 86 / / arthAt pitA ke vaMza kI zuddhi ko kula aura mAtA ke vaMza kI zuddhi ko jAti kahate haiM tathA kula aura jAti ina donoM kI vizuddhi ko sajjAti kahate haiM aura isa sajjAtirUpa sampadA se hI puNyavAna manuSya uttarottara uttama vaMzoM ko prApta hote haiM kahA bhI hai vizuddha kula jAtyAdi sampatsajjAti rucyte| uditodita vaMzatvaM yato'bhyeti pumAn kRtii|| 84 / / __ zuddha kula aura zuddha jAti meM jo utpanna hue haiM, unheM hI sajjAtitva paramasthAna prApta huA hai, va hogaa| 'sajjAti' vyavasthA hai to jAtivyavasthA bhAvanA hI hogI isa viSaya me guNabhadraAcArya kahate haiM - "jinameM zukladhyAna ke lie kAraNa aise jAti gotra Adi karma pAye jAte haiM, ve brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya aise tIna varNa haiM, unase atirikta zeSa zudra kahe jAte haiM videha kSetra meM mokSa jAne ke yogya jAti kA kabhI viccheda nahIM hotA kyoMki vahA~ usa jAti ke ye kAraNabhUta nAma aura gotra-sahita jIvoM kI nirantara utpatti hotI rahatI hai parantu bharatakSetra aura airAvata kSetra meM caturthakAla meM hI jAti kI paramparA calatI hai anya kAloM meM nhiiN| jinAgama meM ukta prakAra se hI varNa vibhAga batalAyA gayA hai|' nApurANa parva solaha meM videha kSetra meM vidyamAna varNa-vyavasthA kA citraNa karate hue asi, maSi, kRSi, vidyA vANijya evaM zilpa ina chaha kriyAoM kI tathA kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra ina tIna varNo kI sthiti aura ghara grAma nagara Adi kI vyavasthA isa bharata kSetra karmabhUmi meM bhI honA cAhie tabhI saudharmendra ne jinamandira Adi sahita mAMgalika racanA kii| zikSAe~ aura tIna varNo kI sthApanA kii| prajA ko apane apane varNocita kArya nizcita kie gaye aura vaha

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94 anekAnta-58/1-2 aparivartanIya btaaye| isase spaSTa hai ki videha kSetra meM varNa vyavasthA anAdi hai aura bharatakSetra meM prathama tIrthaGkara RSabhadeva dvArA pratipAdita karane ke kAraNa sAdi hai kintu isake binA mokSa kI siddhi nahIM hai| AcArya kundakunda svAmI AcArya bhakti meM likhate haiM 'deza, kula jAti se zuddha vizuddha mana vacana kAya se saMyukta aise he gurudeva! tumhAre caraNakamala hamAre lie hamezA maMgalamayI hove|' ___ isa viSaya ko adhika vistAra kA avasara nahIM hai| yaha to svataMtra pustaka likhane kA viSaya hai ataH AcArya somadeva ke isa sandeza ko svIkAra kariye dharmabhUmi meM svabhAva se hI manuSya kama kAmI hote haiN| ataH apanI jAti kI vivAhita strI se hI sambandha karanA cAhie, anya kujAtiyoM kI strI se bandhu vAndhavoM kI tathA vratI striyoM se bhI sambandha nahIM karanA caahie| sva. bAbU zrI bahAdura sihaM siMghI kI smRti meM "bhAratIya vidyA" zIrSaka se prakAzita hue tRtIya bhAga meM premI jI dvArA tattvArthasUtra ke kartA viSaya para likhA huA Alekha prakAzita huA jisameM unhoMne tattvArthasUtra ke kartA ke sambandha meM vistAra se carcA kI hai| ve tattvArthAdhigama bhASya ke kartA umAsvAti ko tattvArthasUtra kA kartA svIkAra karate haiM, unakI yaha svIkArokti prajJAcakSa paM. sukhalAla jI dvArA pratipAdita mAnyatA ke samarthana meM hai| siMghavI jI umAsvAti ko zvetAmbara paramparA kA mAnate haiM kintu paM. nAthUrAma premI yApanIya paramparA kA batAte haiN| tattvArthasUtra ke kartRtva ke sambandha meM premI jI ke vicAroM se aisA lagatA hai ki unhoMne mUla granthoM kA vizeSa adhyayana nahIM kiyA thA kyoMki digambara sampradAya ke granthoM meM tatvArthasUtra ke racayitA gaddhapiccha aura umAsvAmI ke ullekha hI milate haiN| isa grantha ko kahIM bhI yApanIya sampradAya kA nahIM kahA gayA hai| kalikAla sarvajJa upAdhivibhUSita AcArya vIrasena svAmI kAla dravya kI carcA karate hue "taha giddhapicchAiriyappayAsidataya sutte vivartanA pariNAma

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anekAnta - 58/1-2 95 kriyA paratvA paratve ca kAlasya idi davvakAlo parUvido" likhate haiM / " jainAgama ke adhikArI vidvAn AcArya dvArA likhita paMkti spaSTa rUpa se batA rahI hai ki tattvArthasUtra gRddhapiccha kI racanA hai| AcArya zrI vidyAnandi ne gRddhapicchAcArya paryanta muni sUtreNa " isa pada dvArA gRddhapicchAcArya ko tattvArthasUtra kA karttA mAnA hai / " haoN Apta parIkSA kI sopajJavRtti meM "tattvArthasUtrakArairumAsvAmi prabhRtibhiH" vAkya milatA hai jisake AdhAra para tattvArthasUtra apara nAma mokSa - zAstra ke karttA umA svAmI ko bhI kahA jA sakatA hai kintu kisI bhI digambarAcArya ne umAsvAti ko svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| sabase bar3I biDambanA yaha hai ki premI jI digambara jaina paramparA ke vidvAn hote hue tattvArthasUtra ko yApanIya paramparA kA likha rahe haiN| unhoMne pUre tattvArthasUtra meM kauna sA sUtra aisA pAyA jo mUlAmnAya se viparIta ho athavA zithilatA kA poSaNa kara rahA ho / isa mUla saMhitA rUpa meM mAnya grantha ko yApanIya kahanA premI jI ke Agama ke abhyAsa ko batAtA hai / mujhe yaha kahane meM saMkoca nahIM hai ki premI jI ne Agama ke prati zraddhA na rakhakara paM. sukhalAla siMghavI ke sAtha kI mitratA kA nirvAha kiyaa| paM. siMghavI jI ne umAsvAti ko tattvArthasUtra kA karttA likhA so premI jI ne bhI usI kA samarthana kiyaa| hA~ siMghavI jI bhI mitratA nirvAha meM pIche nahIM rahe, unhoMne pahile to umAsvAti ko zvetAmbara paramparA kA siddha kiyA bAda premI jI ke sAtha sahamati vyakta karate hue yApanIya likhA yApanIya sampradAya dvArA mAnya strImukti Adi siddhAnta tattvArthasUtra meM dekhane ko nahIM milate ataH tattvArthasUtra yApanIya sampradAya kA bilakula bhI nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| premI jI isa viSaya meM Agama ke sAtha nyAya nahIM kara pAye / Agama ke ullekhoM ko nakAranA nahIM cAhie kyoMki eka pramANa se prakAzita arthajJAna dUsare pramANa ke prakAza kI apekSA nahIM karatA hai anyathA pramANa ke svarUpa kA abhAva prApta ho jAyegA / Agama kI pramANikatA asiddha nahIM hai kyoMki jisake bAdhaka pramANoM kI asaMbhAvanA acchI taraha nizcita hai, usako asiddha mAnane meM virodha AtA hai arthAt bAdhaka pramANoM ke abhAva meM Agama kI pramANatA kA nizcaya hotA hI hai| paM. premI jI ne ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra ko AcArya zrI samantabhadra se bhinna

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96 anekAnta-581-2 kisI anya AcArya kI kRti mAnA hai, unhoMne 'anekAnta' varSa 3-4 meM "kyA ratnakaraNDa ke kartA svAmI samantabhadra hI haiM' isa zIrSaka se eka lekha prakAzita karAyA thA jisameM zrI vAdirAja sUri ke pArzvanAtha carita se svAminazcaritaMtasya acintyamahimA, devaH, tyAgI evaM yogIndro tIna padyoM se kramazaH svAmI, deva aura yogIndra ina tIna AcAryo kI stuti kI hai aura kramazaH aptamImAMsA devAgamastotra ke kartA svAmI samantabhadra, deva pada se devanandI jainendra vyAkaraNa ke kartA aura ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra ke kartA yogIndra Upara vAle kisI anya AcArya ko svIkAra kiyA hai| aise hI anya gaveSaNAoM ke sAtha unhoMne apane jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa meM viSayoM kI prastuti kI haiM jo UhApoha kI sAmagrI hai| premI jI eka sAhityakAra aura itihAsa vijJa suyogya manISI avazya haiM kintu Agama kI paridhi meM rahakara lekhana karane vAle na hone se unheM Agama kA zraddhAlu to nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| hA~, unakI tarkaNAzIla manISA aura sAhitya kI saparyA zreSTha hai, jisakA vidvatparamparA sammAna karatI hai| sandarbha 1 nAhaM sulocanArthayasmi matsarI ycchrairy| parAsuradhunaiva syAt ki me vidhavayA tvyaa|| 65 / / A. pu. parva 44 pR 391 2. bhadaikaputraH jananI jarAturA, navaprasUti varaTA tpsvinii| tayodvayo janastamardayana ahovidyaH tvA karuNA na ruddhi / / 3. AptAgama vizuddhatve kriyA zuddhApi dehiSu / nAbhijAtaphala prAptyai vijAtieivava jaayte|| 78 / / upA. pR. 61 4. na jAtigarhitA loke guNAH kalyANa kAraNam / vratasthamapi cANDAlAnAM cAryA brAhmaNa viduH / / padmapurANa 5. jAtigotrAdikarmANi zukladhyAnasya hetavaH / yeSu te syustrayo varNAH zeSAH zUdrAH prkiirtitaaH|| 493 / / acchedyo mukti yogyAyA videhe jAti satate / taddhetu nAma gotrAdyA jIvAvicchinna sbhvaat|| 494 / /

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anekAnta-58/1-2 97 zeSayostu caturthe syAtkAle tajjAti sttiH| evaM varNavibhAga syAnmanuSyeSu jinAgame / / 495 / / uttara purANa parva 74 6. AdipurANa parva 16 zloka 143, 144, pR 362, 363 7. desakula jAisuddhA visuddha maNavayaNakAya sjuttaa| tumha pAya payorUhamiha maMgalamatthu me Nicca / / 8. dharmabhUmau svabhAvena manuSyo niyatasmara / yajjAtyaiva praajaatidhuligstriystyjet|| 406 || upAsakAdhyayana 9. jIvaTThANAnuyogadvAra pR. 316 10. tattvArtha zlokavArtika -rIDara-saMskRta vibhAga digambara jaina kaoNleja bar3auta (bAgapata) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - paramAgama kA bIja jo, jainAgama kA praann| ! 'anekAnta' satsUrya so, karo jgt-klyaann|| 'anekAnta'-ravi-kiraNa se, tama ajJAna vinaash| miTa mithyAtva-kurIti saba, ho saddharma prkaash|| / kunaya-kadAgraha na rahe, rahe na mithyaacaar| teja dekha bhAgeM sabhI, dNbhii-shtth-vttmaar|| sUkha jAya~ durguNa sakala, poSaNa mile apaar| sadbhAvoM kA loka meM, ho vikasita saMsAra / / - paM. jugala kizora 'mukhtAra'

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pacAsa varSa pUrva bhAratIya itihAsa kA jainayuga -DaoN. jyotiprasAda jaina itihAsa jAtIya-jIvana ke atIta kA sarvAGgINa pratibimba hotA hai| atIta meM se hI vartamAna kA janma hotA hai| donoM kA paraspara itanA ghaniSTa sambandha hai ki binA atIta kI yathArtha jAnakArI ke vartamAna kA vAstavika svarUpa samajhanA kaThina hI nahIM, prAyaH asambhava hai| ataH jAtIya unnati ke hita samAja zAstra ke pradhAna aGga jAtIya itihAsa kA jJAna paramAvazyaka hai| __ aitihAsika anveSaNa evaM adhyayana kI sugamatA ke liye itihAsakAla vibhinna bhAgoM meM vibhakta kara liyA jAtA hai| isI kAraNa bhAratavarSa athavA bhAratIya jAti kA itihAsa bhI vividha yugoM meM vibhakta huA milatA hai| sarvaprathama, lagabhaga tIna hajAra varSa kA vaha 'zuddha aitihAsika kAla' hai jisake antargata rAjya sattAoM, sAmAjika saMsthAoM, dharma, sabhyatA, sAhitya evaM kalA Adi kA niyamita, kAla kramAnusAra, bahuta kucha nizcita itihAsa (Regular History) upalabdha hai| zuddha aitihAsika yuga ke prArambha kAla se pUrva kA kaI sahana varSa kA anizcita samaya aisA hai jisake antargata hone vAle aneka prasiddha puruSoM, mahatvapUrNa ghaTanAoM, dharma, sabhyatA Adi ke viSaya meM yadyapi jAtIya anuzruti, purAtatva, jAti vijJAna, mAnuSamiti kapAlamiti, bhU vijJAna ityAdi ke dvArA aneka jJAtavya bAtoM kA jJAna to prApta ho jAtA hai, kintu koI niyamitatA aura kAla krama kI nizcitatA nahIM hai| usa kAla-sambandhI itihAsa dhuMdhalA, sandigdha tathA anizcita koTi kA hone se, 'azuddha athavA aniyamita itihAsa' (Proto History) kahalAtA hai|

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anekAnta-58/1-2 99 usase bhI pUrva kA kAla zuddha prAgaitihAsika (Prehistoric) hai aura itihAsa kI paridhi ke bAhira hai| zuddha aitihAsika kAla ke bhI tIna vibhAga kiye jAte haiM (1) prAcIna yuga, jisakA varNana bauddha-hinduyuga, athavA kevala bauddhayuga karake bhI kiyA jAtA hai| yaha yuga niyamita itihAsa ke prArambha kAla se lagAkara musalamAnoM dvArA bhArata vijaya taka calatA hai (I0 san kI 12vIM zatAbdI tk)| (2) madhya yuga- jise muslima yuga bhI kahate haiM, prAcIna yuga kI samApti se prArambha hokara agarejoM kI bhArata vijaya taka calatA hai| (18vIM zatAbadI ke madhya tk)| (3) arvAcIna yuga athavA AMglayuga agarejoM kI bhArata vijaya ke sAtha prAraMbha hotA hai| sAdhAraNatayA, bhAratIya itihAsa kI pAThya pustakoM meM sarva prathama prAgaitihAsika kAlIna pUrva pASANa yuga, uttara pASANayuga, tAmrayuga, lauhayuga, drAvir3a jAti kA bhAratapraveza tathA usakI sabhyatA, AryoM kA bhAratapraveza aura vaidika sabhyatA Adi kA ati saMkSipta varNana karane ke uparAnta rAmAyaNa tathA mahAbhArata ke AdhAra para kalpita paurANika yuga athavA 'mahAkAvya-kAla' (Epic Age) kA varNana hotA hai| aura usake ThIka bAda bhAratavarSa ke niyamita itihAsa kA prAraMbha bauddhayuga ke sAtha-sAtha kara diyA jAtA hai| mahAtmA buddha ke samaya kI rAjanaitika tathA sAmAjika paristhiti, unakA jIvana-caritra, upadeza aura prabhAva magadha-sAmrAjya kA utkarSa sikandara mahAn kA AkramaNa, samrATa azoka ke dvArA bauddhadharmapracAra, magadharAjya kI avanati, zuGga kanva tathA gupta rAjoM ke zAsanakAla meM AMzika brAhmaNapunarudvAra aura zaka hUNa AkrAntAoM kA vRtAnta dete hue I. san kI 7vIM zatAbdI meM bauddha rAjA harSavardhana ke sAtha bauddhayuga (Bubdhistic Period) kI samApti ho jAtI hai| taduparAnta rAjapUta rAjyoM kA udaya tathA saMkSipta itivRtta batalAte hue 12vIM zatAbdI ke anta meM muhammada

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100 anekAnta-58/1-2 gaurI dvArA bhArata vijaya ke sAtha sAtha bhAratIya itihAsa kA prAcIna yuga samApta ho jAtA hai I bhAratavarSa ke adhikAMza itihAsa-granthoM kA yahI DhAcA hai| isakA zrIgaNeza 19vIM zatAbdI ke prAraMbha meM elaphinsaTana Adi pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ne kiyA thA aura unakA anukaraNa bhAratIya vidvAn Aja taka karate A rahe haiM / kintu 20vIM zatAbdI ke vikasita jJAna, bar3he hue adhyayana tathA navIna khojoM ke AdhAra para isa DhAMce meM bahuta kucha hera phera huA hai / prAgaitihAsika kAla ke vizeSajJoM kA mata hai ki bhAratavarSa meM manuSya kA astitva anya dezoM kI apekSA sabase pahile se pAyA jAtA hai|' AryoM ke bhArata praveza se pUrva kama se kama eka hajAra varSa pUrva drAvir3a jAti par3hausI dezoM se Akara isa deza meM basI thI aura drAvir3oM ke Ane se bhI pahile mAnava, yakSa, RkSa, nAga, vidyAdhara Adi manuSya jAtiyAM isa deza meM basI huI thiiN| unakI unnata nAgarika sabhyatA tathA suvikasita dhArmika vicAroM ke nirdeza har3appA, mohanajodaDo prabhRti purAtatva tathA prAcIna bhAratIya anuzruti meM paryApta milate haiM / IsvI pUrva tIna se cAra hajAra varSo ke bIca Arya logoM ne pazcimottara prAntoM se bhArata meM praveza kiyaa| yahAM basane ke lagabhaga eka hajAra varSa bAda vedoM kI racanA kI, usake kucha samaya bAda rAmAyaNa varNita ghaTanAyeM ghaTIM, aura san IsvI pUrva 1500 ke lagabhaga prasiddha mahAbhArata yuddha huA / yaha yuddha vaidika sabhyatA aura vaidika Arya - rAjyasattAoM ke hAsa kA sUcaka thaa| bhAratavarSa ke niyamita itihAsa kA, usake prAcIna yuga kA vAstavika prAraMbha mahAbhArata yuddha ke uparAnta ho jAtA hai / ' yudhiSThara vaMzajoM kA itihAsa, uttara vaidika sAhitya kA nirmANa, brahmavAdI jana kI upaniSada vicAradhArA, solaha mahajana padoM kA udaya aura paraspara dvanda, anta meM magadha kI vijaya, hameM buddhajanma ke samaya taka pahu~cA detI hai| isase Age kA itihAsa pUrvavat calatA hai I isa prakAra IsvI pUrva 1400 se san IsvI 1200 taka kA lagabhaga 2600 varSa kA lambA kAla bhAratIya itihAsa kA prAcIna yuga mAnA jAtA hai / aneka

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anekAnta-58/1-2 101 vidvAn isake Adi ke 800 va anta ke 400 varSo ko pradhAnatayA hindu tathA bIca ke lagabhaga caudaha sau varSo ko pradhAnatayA bauddharUpI dekhate haiM / kucha eka to sAre prAcIna yuga ko mukhyatayA bauddhadRSTi se hI nirUpaNa karate haiN| yahAeN prazna hotA hai ki sabhyatA evaM saMskRti kevala athavA adhikAMza meM bauddhamayI hI thI? kyA usa yuga meM jaina saMskRti koI sattA hI na thI, usakA koI prabhAva kyA kabhI bhI nahIM rahA? kyA bhAratIya itihAsa meM kabhI koI 'jainayuga' nahIM huA ? kyA vAstava meM prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa ke ukta bahubhAga ko 'bauddhayuga' kA nAma denA saMgata tathA aitihAsika satya hai ? ina praznoM kA uttara khojane se pUrva eka aura prazna upasthita hotA hai ki aitihAsika yugavibhAgoM ko mAtra prAcIna, madhya, arvAcIna yuga hI na kahakara hindu, bauddha, musalamAna, AMgla Adi saMskRti athavA dharmasUcaka nAma kyoM diye jAte haiM? vAstava meM jisa yuga meM jisa saMskRti kI sarvAdhika mahattA prabhAva evaM vyApakatA rahI ho, prasiddha prasiddha vyaktiyoM evaM pramukha rAjyavaMzoM se jise protsAhana, sahAyatA evaM Azraya milA ho, janasAdhAraNa ke jIvana meM jo sarvAdhika otaprota rahI ho, jAtIya sAhitya, kalAoM, rAjanIti, samAja-vyavasthA, janatA ke rahana-sahana, khAna-pAna, AcAra-vicAra, rIti-rivAjoM para jisa saMskRti ne vivakSita yuga meM sarvAdhika prabhAva DAlA ho usI saMskRti kA nirdezaparaka nAma ukta aitihAsika yuga ko de diyA jAtA hai aura vaisA karanA yuktiyukta bhI hai / 1 dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki bhAratavarSa sadaiva se eka dharmaprANa deza rahA hai jitanI saMskRtiyAM yahAeN janamIM aura panapIM unameM se pratyeka kA kisI na kisI dharmavizeSa ke sAtha sambandha rahA hai| dharma aura saMskRti kA saMbaMdha yahAM avinAbhAvI thA, isI kAraNa bhinna bhinna dharmo ke nAmoM se hI bhinna bhinna saMskRtiyAM prasiddha huI, yathA vrAtya, zramaNa athavA jaina, bauddha, hindu-vaidika athavA paurANika, muslima ityAdi /

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102 anekAnta-58/1-2 aba dekhanA yaha hai ki prAcIna bhArata ke usa ar3hAI sahastra varSa ke lambe kAla meM kisa saMskRti tathA dharma kA isa deza meM sarvAdhika vyApaka prabhAva evaM prasAra rahA aura upalabdha aitihAsika pramANa kahAM taka usa bAta kI puSTi karate ___ bhAratavarSa vindhya parvatamekhalA dvArA uttarI bhArata tathA dakSiNI bhArata aise do vibhAgoM meM vibhakta hai| ina donoM pradezoM kA itihAsa prAcInakAla ke adhikAMza eka dUsare se prAyaH pRthaka tathA svatantra hI calA hai| astuH donoM prAntoM kA pRthak-pRthak vivecana hI adhika upayukta hogaa| __yaha to prAyaH nizcita hai ki bhAratIya itihAsa ke prAcIna yuga meM isa deza meM hindu, bauddha tathA jaina yaha tIna hI dharma vizeSa rUpa se pracalita the| aura isameM bhI koI sandeha nahIM ki bauddha dharma kI utpatti Isva pUrva chaThI zatAbdI meM mahAtmA buddha dvArA huI thii| usase pUrva svayaM bauddha anuzruti evaM sAhitya ke anusAra isa dharma kA koI astitva na thaa| koI svatantra pramANa bhI isa mata ke virodha meM upalabdha nahIM hai| hindu dharma, jisakA pUrvarUpa vaidika thA tathA uttara rUpa paurANika hindu dharma huA, san IsvI pUrva lagabhaga 3 se 4 hajAra varSa ke bIca bhArata meM praviSTa Arya jAti ke dharma aura saMskRti se sambandhita thaa| bauddha dharma kI utpatti ke bahuta pahile se vaha isa deza meM vidyamAna thaa| aba rahA jaindhrm| gata pacAsa varSa kI khojoM tathA adhyayana ke AdhAra para Aja prAyaH sarva hI pAzcAtya evaM paurvAtya prAcyavidyAvizArada isa viSaya meM ekamata haiM ki jainadharma bauddhadharma se sarvathA bhinna, usase ati prAcIna, eka svatantra dharma hai| vaidika dharma ke sAtha-sAtha vaha isa deza meM niyamita itihAsakAla ke prAraMbha ke bahuta samaya pUrva se pracalita rahA hai aura saMbhavataH Aryo ke bhArata praveza se pUrva bhI isa deza meM pracalita thaa| vaha zuddha bhAratIya dharmo meM jo Aja taka pracalita haiM, sabase prAcIna hai| isa prakAra, mahAbhArata yuddha ke uparAnta arthAt bhAratIya itihAsa ke

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anekAnta-58/1-2 103 prAcIna yuga ke prArambha meM isa deza meM kevala do dharma-vaidika aura jaina hI vizeSataH pracalita the, tathA bauddha dharma kA usa samaya koI astitva na thaa| mahAbhArata se ThIka pUrva kA samaya uttarI bhArata meM pazcimottara vaidika, yAjJika athavA brAhmaNa saMskRti ke caramotkarSa kA yuga thA, kintu mahAbhArata ke vinAzakArI yuddha ne samasta vaidika rAjyoM ko paraspara meM lar3Akara zakti evaM zrIhIna kara diyaa| eka prabala krAnti huI, saikar3oM, sambhavataH sahastroM varSoM se dabAI huI brAtya-sattA deza meM sarvatra sira uThAne lgii| navAgata vaidika Aryo se vijita, dalita, pIr3ita vrAtya kSatriyoM kI, nAga yakSa vidyAdhara Adi prAcIna bhAratIya jAtiyoM kI sattA lupta nahIM ho gaI thii| janasAdhAraNa, yathA choTe moTe rAjyoM, gaNoM aura saMghoM ke rUpa meM vaha idhara udhara bikharI par3I thI, isa samaya avasara pAkara ubala uThI, ThIka usI prakAra jisa prakAra ki IsA kI 17vIM 18vIM zatAbdI meM akasmAta marAThoM, rAjapUtoM, sikkhoM, jAToM Adi rUpa meM bhar3aka uThane vAlI cira suSupta hindu rASTra zakti ke sanmukha bhArata vyApI dIkhane vAlI mahA aizvaryazAlI prabala muslima zakti bikhara kA Dhera ho gaI usI prakAra san IsvI pUrva dUsare sahasrAbda ke anta meM tatkAlIna vaidika Arya sattA bhI nAga Adi prAcIna bhAratIya vrAtya kSatriyoM kI ciradalita evaM upekSita zakti ke punasthAna se asta-vyasta ho gii| aura lagabhaga Der3ha sahasra varSo taka eka sAmAnya gauNa sattA ke rUpa meM hI raha skii| usake uparAnta, isa bIca meM jaba vaha prAcIna jAtiyoM meM bhalI bhAMti sammizrita hokara, apane dharma tathA AcAra-vicAroM meM deza kAlAnusAra sudhAra karake arthAt vrAtya dharma-virodhI yAjJika hiMsA Adi prathAoM kA tyAga kara apanI saMskRti kA navasaMskAra karane meM saphala ho sakI tabhI guptarAjya kAla meM (IsA kI 3rI-4thI zatAbdI meM) usakA punaruddhAra huA, kintu prAcIna vaidika rUpa meM nahIM, navIna hindu paurANika rUpa meN| usa pUrvarUpa tathA isa uttararUpa me pratyakSa hI AkAza-pAtAla kA antara thaa| jaisA ki Upara nirdeza kiyA gayA hai, mahAbhArata yuddha ke pazcAt hI pazcimottara prAnta meM takSazilA tathA paMjAba meM 'uragayana' (udyAnapurI) ke

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104 anekAnta-58/1-2 nAgarAjoM ne avasara pAkara vaidika Aryo ke kendra tathA ziramaura kuru-pAJcAla dezoM para prabala AkramaNa karane prAraMbha kara diye| yudhiSThira ke uttarAdhikArI rAjA parIkSita ko nAgoM ke hAtha apane prANa khone par3e, parIkSita putra janmejaya kA sArA jIvana nAgoM ke sAtha lar3ate bItA aura anta meM unake vaMzaja nicakSu ko tathA anya kuru-pAJcAla-dezoM ke nAgarAjoM ko svadeza chor3akara pUrvastha kauzAmbI Adi meM zaraNa lenI par3I / pariNAmasvarUpa hastinAgapura, ahicchetra, mathurA, padmAvatI, bhogavatI, nAgapura Adi meM nAgarAjya sthApita ho gye| siMdha meM pAtAlapurI (pATala) ke naga tathA dakSiNI paMjAba meM sambhuttara mahAjanapada ke sAmbhavavrAttya prabala ho utthe| pUrvastha aMga, baMga, videha, kaliMga, kAzI Adi dezoM meM bhI nAga, nAgavaMzaja (zizunAga), tathA licchavi, vajjI, bhalla, malla, moriya nAta Adi vrAtya-sattAe~ prabala ho utthiiN| vrAtya zramaNoM ke saMsarga aura prabhAvaMza ke zala, vatsa, videha Adi dezoM ke vaidika Arya bhI yAjJika hiMsA evaM vedoM ke laukikavAda (Matterialism) ko chor3a adhyAtma ke raMga meM raMga gye| AtmA meM lIna, saMsAra-deha-bhogoM se virakta videha vrAtyoM ke samparka meM brahmavAdI, yajJavirodhI, ahiMsApremI janaka loga bhI videha kahalAne lge| isa dhArmika sAmaJjasya evaM udAratA ke kAraNa kucha kAla taka videha ke janaka rAje, tatkAlIna rAjanaitika kSetra meM pramukha rahe, kintu pazcima ke vaidika Arya unase bhI vrAtyoM kI bhAMti ghRNA karane lage, unheM bhI apane se vaisA hI hIna samajhane lge| udhara vratya kSatriyoM ke prabala gaNatantra tathA nAgoM ke kitane hI rAjyatantra sthAna sthAna meM sthApita ho rahe the| kAzI meM uragavaMza kI sthApanA huii| kAzI ke uragavaMzI jaina cakravartI brahmadatta ne samasta tatkAlIna rAjyoM se apanA Adhipatya svIkAra kraayaa| unake vaMzaja kAzInareza azvasena kI paTTarAnI vAmA devI ne sana I. pUrva 877 meM 23veM jaina tIrthaGgara bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ko janma diyaa| bhagavAna pArzva kI aitihAsikatA Aja nirvivAda rUpa se siddha ho cukI hai / vaha yuga nAgayuga thaa| bhagavAna pArzva nAgavaMza (uragavaMza) meM hI huA thaa| unake anuyAyI tathA bhaktoM meM bhI nAgajAti kA hI vizeSa sthAna thaa| unakA lA~chana (cinha vizeSa) bhI nAga hI thaa| una meM prAcIna se prAcIna pratimAe~ nAgachatrayukta hI milatI haiN| jodar3oM

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anekAnta-58/1-2 105 tathA mathurA ke purAtatva meM aneka nAgakumAra va nAgakumAriyA~ yogIrAja pArzva jinakI bhakti karatI dIkha rahatI haiN| bhagavAna pArzva ke dharma pracAra se rahI sahI yAjJika hiMsA bhI samApta ho gii| yAjJika, devatAvAdI vaidikadharma tathA ahiMsApradhAna AtmavAdI jainadharma ke bIca sAmaJjasya aura samanvaya baiThAne ke prayatna hone lge| aneka darzana tathA mata-matAntara paidA hone lge| I. pUrva 777 meM bihAra prAnta ke sammedazikhara se bhagavAna pArzva ne nirvANa lAbha liyaa| vaha isa jaina yuga ke dvitIya yugapravartaka the (prathama yugapravartaka mahAbhArata kAlIna 22veM tIrthaGgara ariSTanemi the) aura jainadharma ke punaruddhAraka the| unake pracAra se jaina dharma kA prasAra adhikAdhika vistRta ho gayA thaa| kintu isa punaruddhAra kArya meM vaha jaina saMgha kI pUrNa sudRr3ha vyavasthA na kara pAye the| unake pazcAta aneka navodita mata-matAntaroM ke kAraNa jaina dArzanika siddhAnta tathA AcAra-niyama bhI acche vyavasthita evaM sunizcita rUpa meM na raha gaye the| svayaM unakI ziSya-paramparA meM buddhakIrti, maudgalAyana, makkhaligozAla, kezIputra Adi vidvAnoM me saiddhAntika matabheda hone lagA thA, una vidvAnoM ne apane-apane mantavyoM kA pracAra bhI svatantra dharmo ke rUpa meM karanA prArambha kara diyA thaa| aise samaya meM eka anya yugapravartaka mahApuruSa kI AvazyakatA thii| astu, I. pUrva 600 meM antima tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janma huaa| 30 varSa kI Ayu taka gRhastha meM rahakara 12 varSa paryanta unhoMne duddhara tapazcaraNa aura yogasAdhana kiyaa| taduparAnta kevalajJAna (sarvajJatva) ko prApta kara nAtaputta nirgrantha mahAvIra jinendra ne 30 varSa paryanta sarvatra deza-dezAntaroM meM vihAra kara dharmopadeza diyaa| jisa prAnta meM unakA sarvAdhika vihAra huA vaha vihAra ke hI nAma se prasiddha ho gyaa| I. pUrva. 527 meM bhagavAna ne 'pAvA' se nirvANa prApta kiyaa| ___ unhoMne muni, AryikA, zrAvaka, zrAvikArUpa caturdika saMgha kI sthApanA kI, AcAra niyamoM se saMgha kI sudRr3ha vyavasthA kara dii| ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya, aparigraha pAMca prakAra vratoM ko yathAzakya mana, vacana kAya se pAlana karate hue krodhamAna mAyAlobhAdi kaSAyoM kA damana karate hue samyagdarzana,

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106 anekAnta-58/1-2 samyagjJAna, samyagcAritrarUpa ratnatraya kI prApti hI akSaya sukha ke sthAna mokSa kI prApti kA mArga pratipAdana kiyaa| vastusvarUpa ke yathArtha parijJAna ke hita anekAntAtmaka syAdvAda, AtmasvAtantrya ke hita sAmyavAda, puruSArtha kA mahatva hRdayagata karAne ke hita karmavAda tathA svapara kalyANa ke liye paramAvazyaka ahiMsAvAda kA sadupadeza diyaa| unake upadeza kA prabhAva sarvavyApaka huA, AvAlavRddha, strI-puruSa, UMca-nIca, brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya, zUdra, Arya, anArya, saba hI unake anuyAyI the| unake pradhAna ziSya brAhmaNa indrabhUti gautama Adi gaNadharoM ne unake upadezita siddhAntoM ko dvAdazAgazruta ke rUpa meM racanAbaddha kiyA aura taduparAnta vizAla jainasaMghoM dvArA sahasrAbdiyoM paryanta isa deza ke kone-kone meM hI nahIM dUsare pradezoM meM bhI bhagavAna mahAvIra ke kalyANamayI ahiMsAdharma kA srota vahatA rahA hai| __ bhagavAna mahAvIra se pUrva kI rAjanaitika paristhiti meM rAjyoM ke ATha par3ausI jor3e arthAt bauddha aMguttaranikAya evaM mahAvaMza ke solaha mahAjana padoM kA jikra kiyA jAtA hai| aga, magadha, kAzI, kozala, vajji, malla, cedi, vatsa, kuru, pAJcAla, matsya zUrasena, azmaka, avanti, gAndhAra kamboja-bauddha anuzruti ke tatkAlIna solaha mahAjanapada haiN| hindu anuzruti (aitihAsika purANoM) me bhI usa samaya ke bAraha prasiddha rAjAoM kA varNana kiyA hai / hindu anuzruti ke prAyaH saba hI rAjya bhAratIya saMyuktaprAnta, vihAra tathA madhyaprAnta ke antargata A jAte haiN| dUsare, ve kisI eka hI kAla ke sUcaka nahIM varan mahAbhArata ke jarAsandha se lagAkara mahAvIra kAla ke pazcAt taka ke rAjya usameM ullikhita haiN| ye sarva hI rAjya kevala vaidika AryoM se saMbaMdhita haiM, avaidika, vrAtya, nAga, yakSa, anArya rAjyoM aura pradezoM kA sAtha meM koI ullekha nhiiN| isase vidita hotA hai mAnoM pUre dakSiNa bhArata meM usa samaya koI bhI rAjya nahIM thaa| lagabhaga yahI dazA bauddha anuzruti kI hai| prathama to bauddha anuzruti I. san kI 6ThI 7vIM zatAbdI meM siMhala, barmA, tibbata, cIna Adi bhAratetara pradezoM meM videziyoM dvArA saMkalita huii| dUsare, usameM ullikhita mahAjanapada bhI pazcimottara prAnta ke gAMdhAra, kamboja va madhya bhArata ke azmaka, avanti evaM cedi ko chor3a sarva hI vartamAna saMyuktapranta tathA vihAra ke antargata haiN|

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anekAnta-58/1-2 107 aisA pratIta hotA hai ki bAda ko jaba bauddha anuzruti saMkalita huI unake saMkalana kartAoM ne hindu anuzruti ke prasiddha rAjyoM se jinase bhI kisI samaya bauddhadharma athavA bauddha kathAnakoM kA thor3A bahuta saMbaMdha pAyA, una saba pradezoM se yaha solaha mahAjana pada dhar3a liye| isake viparIta jaina anuzruti meM, jo ukta donoM anuzrutiyoM se kama prAcIna nahIM varana kinhIM aMzoM meM adhika prAcIna hai, zuddha bhAratIya anuzruti hai aura jisakA saMkalana bhI una donoM se pahile honA prArambha ho gayA thA, bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pUrva ke solaha rAjya nimnaprakAra varNana kiye haiM aGga, baGga, magaha (magadha), malaya (cedI), mAlava, accha (azmaka), vaccha (vatsa), kaccha (gujarAta kAThiyAvAr3a), pAr3ha (pAMDya), lAr3ha (rAdhA), AvAha (pazmiottara prAnta) sambhuttara, vajji, malla, kAzI, koshl'| pratyakSa hI jaina anuzruti ke ina mahAvIra-kAlIna prasiddha solaha rAjyoM meM prAyaH samasta bhAratavarSa ke hindukuza se kumArI antarIpa, tathA baMgAla se kAThiyAvAr3a taka ke sarva hI Arya anArya rAjya A gaye, jinakA ki astitva ukta samaya ke itihAsa meM spaSTa milatA hai| __aGga kI rAjadhAnI campA thii| yaha rAjya baGgAla aura magadha ke bIca meM sthita thA isake rAjya vaMza tathA janatA meM jainadharma kI pravRtti anta taka banI rahI thii| rAjadhAnI campApurI 12veM jaina tIrthakara vAsupUjya kI janmabhUmi thii| I. pU. chaThI zatAbdI ke madhya meM magadha ke zreNika (bimbasAra) ne aGga ko vijaya kara apane rAjya meM milA liyA thaa| bagadeza meM usa samaya nAga, yakSa Adi prAcIna jAtiyoM ke choTe 2 rAjya eka saMgha meM guMthe hue the, kintu inakI sthiti svataMtra rahate hue bhI gauNa hI rhii| magaha athavA magadha bAda ko sarva prasiddha evaM sarvopari. rAjya ho gyaa| rAjadhAnI paJcazailapura (giribraja athavA rAjagRhI) thii| kAzI rAjya ke hrAsa ke sAtha sAtha isa deza meM nAga kSatriyoM kI eka zAkhA zizunAga vaMza kI sthApanA

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108 anekAnta-58/1-2 haI (I. pU. 7vIM zatAbdI ke prAraMbha meM) isa vaMza ke zreNika (bimbasAra), kaNika, ajAtazatru, udayI Adi rAjAoM ke zAsanakAla meM zanaiH zanaiH aGga, kAzI, vajji, vatsa, kozala, avanti Adi rAjyoM ko vijaya kara bhAratavarSa ke prathama sAmrAjya-magadha sAmrAjya kA utkarSa evaM vistAra hotA calA gyaa| isa vaMza ke prAyaH sarva hI rAje jaina the| bimbasAra prAraMbha meM mahAtmA buddha ke upadeza se prabhAvita huA thA avazya, kintu jaba I0 pUrva 558 meM usakI rAjadhAnI se lage hue vipulAcala parvata se bhagavAna mahAvIra kI prathama dezanA huI to vaha unakA ananya bhakta ho gyaa| vaha bhagavAna kA prathama aura pramukha gRhastha zrotA thaa| usake putra ajAtazatru va abhayakumAra tathA anya vaMzaja bhI jaina dharmAnuyAyI hI rhe| zizunAga vaMza ke pazcAt magadha meM nandavaMza kA zAsana rhaa| prathama zAsaka samrATa nandivardhana thaa| usane rAjagRhI meM prathamajina bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI pratimA kaliGga deza se lAkara sthApita kI thii| uttarananda bhI jainadharmAnuyAyI the, unakA mantrI zakaTAla jainI thaa'| zakaTAla ke putra hI prasiddha jainAcArya sthUlabhadra the| nandavaMza kA uccheda kara samrATa candragupta ne magadha meM mauryavaMza kI sthApanA kI vaha sarvasammati se pakkA jaina samrATa thaa| antima zrutakevali bhadrabAhu svAmI usake dharmaguru the| kucha samaya rAjyabhoga karane ke pazcAt dvAdaza varSIya durbhikSa ke samaya samrATa candragupta guru tathA unake saMgha ke sAtha dakSiNa ko calA gayA thaa| vahA~ vartamAna maisUra rAjya ke antargata zravaNabelagola ke nikaTa candragiri parvata para munirUpa meM tapazcaraNa kara anta meM samAdhimaraNa pUrvaka deha tyAgI thiiN| giranAra, zatrujaya Adi tIrtha yAtrA ke samaya ukta parvata ke nIce usane yAtriyoM ke lAbhArtha prasiddha sudarzana jhIla kA nirmANa karAyA thaa| candragupta kA uttarAdhikArI, bindusAra tathA usakA prasiddha mantrI cANakya bhI jaina hI the|" rAjanIti aura samAjazAstra ke isa prasiddha prakANDa AcArya ke jIvanasaMbandhI jitanA varNana jaina anuzruti meM milatA hai anyatra nahIM miltaa| maurya vaMza ke tRtIya samrATa mahArAja azoka ke dharma kA abhI kucha nizcita

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anekAnta-58/1-2 109 nirNaya nahIM ho paayaa| sAmAnya dhAraNA usake bauddha hone kI hai kintu DA. TAmasa 12 Adi aneka itihAsajJa vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki vaha jaina hI thA aura yadi usane bauddhadharma aGgIkAra bhI kiyA to apanI antima avasthA meN| vAstava meM svayaM bauddha anuzruti ke anusAra azoka ne apane zAsanakAla meM bauddhoM para bar3e atyAcAra kiye the| usa dharma ke prati azoka kI upekSA kA hI yaha pariNAma huA ki tatkAlIna bauddhadharmAdhyakSo ne bauddhoM ko bhAratetara pradezoM meM prayANa kara jAne kA Adeza diyaa| azoka kA uttarAdhikArI samprati to nizcaya kaTTara jaina dharmAnuyAyI thA aura jainadharma ke pracAra aura prasAra meM usane vaha saba prayatna kiye jinakA zreya bhrama se bauddhadharma ke liye samrATa azoka ko diyA jAtA hai| samprati ke vaMzaja magadha ke zAlizuka, devadharma Adi, avantikA vRhadratha, gAMdhAra ke vIrasena, subhagasena, kAzmIra ke jAlaka-sarva jaina the| I. pUrva kI 3rI zatAbdI ke anta meM magadha meM krAnti huii| maurya vaMza kA uccheda kara brAhmaNa zugavaMza kA aura tatpazcAt kanva vaMza kA rAjya koI sau savAsau varSa rhaa| yaha donoM vaMza brAhmaNa dharmAnuyAyI the| kintu kanva vaMza ke pazcAt phira magadha vaizAlI ke jaina licchaviyoM ke adhikAra meM A gyaa| I. san kI 4thIM zatAbdI taka unhIM ke adhikAra meM rahA aura anta meM eka vaivAhika saMbaMdha ke kAraNa licchaviyoM kI hI sahAyatA se guptavaMzI samrATa hindu-punaruddhAra ke pravartaka the| malaya athavA cedikA vistAra madhyabhArata se lagA kara kaliGga taka thaa| cedivaMza kI eka zAkhA vartamAna bundelakhaMDa Adi prAntoM meM, jise madhyakaliGga bhI kahA jAtA thA, rAjya karatI thii| dUsarI zAkhA kaliGga (ur3IsA) meN| kaliGga meM bahuta prAcInakAla se jainadharma kI pravRtti thii| vIra-nirvANa saMvat 103 meM (I. pUrva 424) magadhasamrATa nandivardhana kaliGga koM vijayakara vahA~ se prathama jina kI mUrti magadha meM le AyA thaa| kintu uttara nandoM ke samaya kaliGga phira svatantra ho gayA thaa| bindusAra ke zAsanakAla meM kaliGga meM phira eka krAnti huI pratIta hotI hai| prAcIna cedivaMza ke sthAna meM kisI AtatAyI aura usake vaMzajoM kA

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110 anekAnta-58/1-2 zAsana rhaa| samrATa samprati ke antima dinoM meM vahA~ cedivaMza kI punaH sthApanA huii| isa vaMza ko prasiddha samrATa mahAmeghavAhana khAravela thaa| samasta bhArata ko isane apane AdhIna kara liyaa| magadha ko bhI vijaya kiyA, puSyamitra zuGga, usake sAmane natamastaka huA yunAnI damitra ko usane deza se bAhira khedar3a bhagAyA, sAtakarNI Andhra, bhojaka, rASTrika Adi sarva rAje usake AdhIna the| khAravela jainadharma kA dRr3ha anuyAyI thaa| isa dharma ke pracAra prabhAvanA ke liye usane satata prayatna kiye| jaina magadha-sAmrAjya ke uparAnta jaina, kaliGgasAmrAjya huaa| isa prakAra uttarIbhArata meM san I. pUrva kI 2rI zatAbdI ke madhya taka jainadharma kI hI pradhAnatA rhii| mAlava athavA avanti meM mahAvIra kAla meM pradyotavaMza kA rAjya thaa| vahAM kA prasiddha rAjA caMDapradyota tathA usakA putra pAlaka jainadharmAnuyAyI the| nandivardhana ne avanti ko vijaya kara apane rAjya kA sUbA banAyA, isakA utkarSa magadhasAmrAjya ke asta hone ke pazcAt varan khArabela kI mRtyu ke uparAnta prAraMbha huaa| khAravela ke pazcAt usake hI eka vaMzaja ne avanti meM jo khAravela ke rAjya kA eka sUbA thI, svatantra rAjya sthApana kara liyaa| aba uttara bhArata kI kendrIya zakti magadha na raha gayA thA varan avanti ho gaI thii| astu; tatkAlIna mahArASTra ke Andhra, padmAvatI bhogavatI ke nAga, gujarAta ke zaka chatrapa sarva hI avanti para dA~ta lagAye rahate the| tathApi lagabhaga Der3ha sau varSa taka vahAM jaina gardabhilla vaMza kA hI rAjya rhaa| prasiddha samrAT prathamavikramAditya, isI gardabhilla vaMza ke the| unake pitA ke anAcAroM ke kAraNa unake janma se pUrva hI navAgata zakoM kA avanti para adhikAra ho gayA thA, kintu hoza saMbhAlane para unhoMne zako ko deza se nikAla bAhara kiyaa| unakA zAsana sarva prakAra se kalyANaprada tathA Adarza rhaa| jainAcArya kAlaka sUri ke prabhAva se vaha dRr3ha jainadharma bhakta ho gaye the| unhIM kI smRti meM pracalita vikrama saMvat claa| isa saMvat ke sabase prAcIna aura sabase adhika upayoga jaina sAhitya evaM purAtatva meM hI milate haiN| samrATa vikrama ke pazcAt kucha samaya taka gujarAta ke zakoM kA avanti para

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anekAnta-58/1-2 111 adhikAra rhaa| rudrasiMha, rudradAmana, jayadAmana, nahapAna Adi ye zaka chatrapa bhI jaina hI the| ina zakoM kA uccheda avanti se Andhra rAjoM ne kiyA aura yaha Andhra rAje bhI anArya tathA jaina-dharmAnuyAyI hI the| dUsarI zatAbdI IsavI meM Andhra vaMza ke asta tathA 4thI zatAbdI meM gupta vaMza ke udaya ke bIca mahArathI nAmaka nAga evaM vakAtaka sadAra prabala rahe unhIM kA Adhipatya adhikAMza madhya tathA dakSiNa bhArata para rhaa| ye nAga rAje prAyaH sarva hI jainadharmAnuyAyI the| unakI nAgabhASA (prAkRta va apabhraMza) jaina sAhitya kI hI mukhya bhASA thii| ukta nAgayuga meM jaina vidvAnoM ne nAgarI lipi kA aviSkAra kiyA, jaina zilpakAroM ne jaina mandiroM meM nAgara zailI kA pracAra kiyaa| accha athavA azmaka dakSiNa bhArata ke uttarapUrva kA pradeza thaa| isakI rAjadhAnI podanapura jainoM kA eka pavitra sthAna ati prAcInakAla se rahA hai| samrATa khAravela kI mRtyu ke pazcAt kaliGka vaMza kI hI eka zAkhA kA yahAM rAjya rhaa| isI kAraNa yaha prAnta trikaliGga kA dakSiNa kaliGga khlaayaa| nAgayuga meM yaha prasiddha phaNimaNDala ke antargata thA aura AcAryapravara, siMhanandi, sarvanandi, samantabhadra, pUjyapAda Adi kA kAryakSetra thaa| vAda ko yaha prAnta pahale pallava phira gagavAr3I ke jaina gaNarAjya meM sammilita ho gyaa| vaccha arthAt vatsa deza kI rAjadhAnI kauzAmbI thii| nAgoM ke prabala AkramaNoM ke kAraNa pAMDavoM ke vaMzaja nicakSu Adi ne isa deza meM apanA rAjya sthApita kiyA thaa| kintu par3ausI vrAtyoM saMsarga meM vatsa deza ke kuruvaMzI vaidika Arya bhI vrAtsaMskRti meM raMge gaye aura unhoMne jainadharma aGgIkAra kara liyaa| mahAvIrakAla meM svapnavAsavadattA kI prasiddhi vAlA vatsarAja udayana jainadharma kA bhakta thaa| kintu usake eka do pIr3hI bAda hI magadha ke zizunAga samrAToM ne vatsa ko vijaya kara apane rAjya meM sammilita kara liyaa| kaccha arthAt kAThiyAvAr3a prAnta meM usa samaya vartamAna gujarAta tathA bambaI prejIDensI kA bahubhAga thaa| mahAbhArata kAla meM mathurA ke yaduvaMzI rAjA samudravijaya ne dvArakA meM apanA rAjya sthApana kiyA thaa| unake pazcAt unake bhatIje nArAyaNa kRSNa rAjya ke uttarAdhikArI hue| kRSNa mahArAja ke tAUjAda

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112 anekAnta-58/1-2 bhAI 22veM jainatIrthakara ariSTanemi the| kRSNa kI aitihAsika nirvivAda hai taba koI kAraNa nahIM ki ariSTanemi ko bhI eka aitihAsika vyakti na mAnA jAe? dUsare, unakA svatantra astitva vaidika tathA hindu paurANika sAhitya se bhI siddha hai| jaisA ki Upara nirdeza kiyA jA cukA hai vaha kAla uttarIbhArata meM vaidika sabhyatA ke caramotkarSa kA thaa| yajJAdi meM hI nahIM, vivAhAdi utsavoM ke avasara khAna pAna ke lie bhI vipula pazuhiMsA hotI thii| apane vivAha ke upalakSa meM vaisI hiMsA kA Ayojana dekha brahmacArI kumAra neminAtha ko vairAgya ho gayA, jUnAgar3ha (zvasurAlaya) ke nikaTa vivAha kA saMkalpa tyAga ghara chor3a giranAra parvata para jAkara tapazraraNa karane lge| kevalajJAna prApta kara janatA meM ahiMsA dharma kA pracAra kiyA, madhyabhArata evaM dakSiNapatha meM jainadharma kA punaruddhAra kiyaa| aura usa prAnta meM usa samaya se jainadharma askhalita rUpa meM IsvI san kI 6ThI 7vIM zatAbdI taka to sAre hI dakSiNa meM tathA kucha eka prAntoM meM 13vIM 14vIM zatAbdI taka pradhAnarUpa se calatA rhaa| isa prAnta (kaccha) meM kucha kAla taka to jainadharma pradhAna yaduvaMza kA rAjya calA taduparAnta pArzvanAtha ke samaya pATala (sindha) ke nAgoM kA Adhipatya ho gyaa| taduparAnta sindhu sauvIra ke vrAtya, tathA mAlave ke malla vrAtyoM kA adhikAra rhaa| maurya rAjAoM ne apanI vijayapatAkA usa prAnta taka pahu~cA dI thii| kintu mauryo ke pazcAt sindhu kI ora se Ane vAle zaka chatrapoM kA yahA~ rAjya rhaa| kucha kAla AndhroM ke AdhIna yaha deza rhaa| anta meM solaMkiyoM ke samaya isakA vizeSa utkarSa huaa| isa prAnta meM mahAbhArata ke samaya se lagAkara 15vIM 16vIM zatAbdI IsvI taka jainadharma kI pradhAnatA banI rhii| aneka jaina tIrtha vipula jaina purAtatva isa prAnta meM haiN| aneka vidvAn digambara zvetAmbara jainAcAryoM ne isa prAnta meM vizAla jaina-sAhitya kA nirmANa kiyaa| Aja bhI vahA~ jainoM kI saMkhyA paryApta aura unakI samRddhi sarvAdhika hai| ___ pAr3ha arthAt pAMDya sudUra dakSiNa kA prasiddha tAmila rAjya thaa| ati prAcInakAla se isa anArya rAjya kI sthiti thI, jainadharma kI pravRtti bhI isa rAjya meM prAcInatama kAla se calI AtI thii| mahAvIra kAla meM yaha rAjya samasta tAmila prAnta meM sarvopari thA, cera, cola, keralaputra, satyaputra, Adi

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anekAnta-58/1-2 113 anya tAmila rAjya tathA laMkA Adi dvIpa isake AdhIna the aura IsvI sana ke prAraMbha taka vaise hI calate rhe| pAMDya rAjya kI rAjadhAnI madurA dakSiNa meM jainoM kA sabase bar3A kendra thA tAmila ke prasiddha saMgama sAhitya kA adhikAMza jaina pAMDya rAjAoM kI chatrachAyA meM prakaoNDa vidvAnoM dvArA hI nirmita huA thaa| jaina mauryasamrATa tathA kaliGga nareza jaina khAravela se pAMDya narezoM kA maitrI saMbaMdha thaa| laMkA Adi dvIpoM meM bhI I. pUrva kI chaThI zatAbadI ke stUpa Adi jaina avazeSa mile haiN| azoka ke samaya se laMkA meM avazya hI bauddha dharma kA pracAra honA prAraMbha ho gayA, kintu tAmila rAjyoM meM san I. 6ThI 7vIM zatAbdI taka jainadharma kI pravRtti rhii| usake uparAnta zaiva tathA vaiSNava dharmo ke navapracAra ke kAraNa tathA tatsaMbaMdhita rAjyavaMzoM ke dharma parivartana ke kAraNa jainadharma kI pragati ko AghAta pahu~cA aura vahA~ usakA hrAsa prAraMbha ho gyaa| lAr3ha madhyottara dakSiNa bhArata kA rAjya thaa| yahA~ mahAvIrakAla meM rASTrika, bhojaka, Andhra Adi anArya rAjyoM kI sattA thii| usake pUrva vahA~ yakSa, vidyAdha para Adi jaina anArya rAjya the, I. pU. prathama zatAbadI meM hI Andhra rAjya sarvopari ho gayA aura usane anya par3ausI sattAoM ko apane meM garbhita kara sAmrAjya kA rUpa le liyaa| ye sarva rAjya aura inakI prajA adhikatara anta taka vrAtya saMskRti kI pAlaka aura jainadharmAnuyAyI hI rhii| ___ AbAha pazcimottara prAnta thaa| bauddha anuzruti ke gAMdhAra, kamboja aura jaina anuzruti ke takSazilA tathA uragayana nAmaka nAga gaNarAjyoM kA yaha eka saMgha thaa| ye nAga loga vaidika Arya-saMskRti ke virodhI aura vrAtya-saMskRti ke poSaka the| sambhuttara mahAjanapada madhya paJjAba kA prasiddha vrAtya kSatriyoM kA rAjya thaa| saindhavAna ke sAmbhava loga bhagavAna saMbhavanAtha (3reM tIrthakara, jinakA cinhavizeSa 'azva' thA) ke anuyAyI the| isa rAjya kI sattA sikandara mahAna ke AkramaNa ke samaya bhI thii| sikandara ne bhaDakara yuddha ke pazcAt isa rAjya para eka asthAyI vijaya prApta kI thii| pUrva kA vajjisaMgha to vrAtya kSatriyoM kA eka prasiddha kendra thaa| mahAvIra

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114 anekAnta-58/1-2 kAla meM isake nAyaka vaizAlI ke rAjA ceTaka the| vajjisaMgha ke hI antargata kuMDalapura ke jJAtRvaMzI licchavi-nareza siddhArtha ke hI putra bhagavAna mahAvIra the| vaizAlI ke rAjA ceTaka unake nAnA the| ceTaka kI eka kanyA magadharAja zreNika ko, dUsarI vatsarAja udayana ko aura tIsarI kozala ke rAjya vaMza meM viyAhI thii| ina sarva rAjyoM, gaNoM aura vahAM kI janatA para bhagavAna mahAvIra kA sarvAdhika prabhAva par3A thA, ve saba unake paramabhakta anuyAyI the| yaha vajjisaMgha gaNatantra kA Adarza thaa| navodita magadha sAmrAjya kI sAmrAjyAbhilipsA ke kAraNa vajjisaMgha aura magadharAjya meM dvanda calatA rahA, aMta meM ajAtazatru ne vaizAlI vijaya kara vajjisaMgha ko chinna-bhinna kara diyA, kintu bhale hI gauNa rUpa meM, licchaviyoM kA astitva san I. 6-7vIM zatAbdI taka banA rhaa| __ malla bhI vajjisaMgha kI hI eka par3ausI vrAtya jAti kA gaNatantra thaa| pAvA inakA pradhAna nagara thaa| vahIM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA nirvANa huaa| kAzI ke saMbaMdha meM Upara kahA hI jA cukA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke janma ke pUrva hI vaha kozalarAjya meM sammilita ho gayA thaa| ajAtazatru ne kauzala se use chInakara magadha meM milA liyA thaa| kauzala meM prAcIna sUryavaMzI rAjoM kA hI rAjya calA AtA thA, mahAvIra kAla meM vahAM kA rAjA prasiddha prasenajita thA, jo bhagavAna mahAvIra kA bhakta thaa| usake uparAnta kozala bhI magadha-rAjya meM sammilita ho gyaa| dakSiNa meM IsvI san ke prAraMbhakAla se hI aneka rAjya-nAga, pallava, gaGga, cAlukya, hoyasala, rASTrakUTa Adi sthApita hone lage the| una sabameM hI prAraMbha se jainadharma kI hI pravRtti rhii| kintu san I. 5vIM zatAbdI ke uparAnta zaiva vaiSNava dharmoM ke bar3hate hue pracAra ke Age tatsaMbaMdhI rAjyavaMzoM ke Age pIche dharmaparivartana ke kAraNa dhIre dhIre vahA~ jainadharma kA hrAsa hotA calA gyaa| tathApi madhya yuga ke madhya taka dakSiNa prAnta meM jaina dharma kI hI sarvAdhika pradhAnatA rhii|

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anekAnta-58/1-2 115 isa prakAra bhAratIya itihAsa ke prAcIna yuga meM mahAbhArata ke uparAnta uttarabhArata meM lagabhaga 3rI zatAbdI I. taka tathA kitane hI prAntoM meM 13vIM 14vIM zatAbdI IsvI taka jainadharma kI hI pradhAnatA rahI, rAjyavaMzoM, prasiddha rAjAoM tathA janasAdhAraNa sabhI kI dRSTi se| isa sAMskRtika pradhAnatA kA pariNAma bhI pratyakSa huaa| vaidika saMskRti tathA usase udbhUta paurANika dharmo se yAjJika hiMsA sadaiva ke liye vidA le gii| khAnapAna meM surA aura mAMsa kA yadi nitAnta lopa nahIM ho gayA to vaha ghRNita aura tyAjya avazya samajhe jAne lge| bauddhoM ne jIva hiMsA kA to virodha kiyA kintu mAMsa madirA ke bhakSaNapAna kA samarthana aura pracAra karane meM koI kasara nahIM kI tathApi jainadharma ke hI prabhAva se vaha vastue~ abhakSya hI ho gii| juA, pazuyuddha, strIpuruSa ke bIca dhArmika baMdhana kI zithilatA, tajanya vyabhicAra evaM viSayAdhikya Adi AryoM aura bauddhoM ke priya vyasana kuvyasana kahalAne lge| anekAnta dRSTi ke pracAra se dhArmika udAratA sahiSNutA, matasvAtantrya Adi ko puSTi milii| jAti aura kula dharmasAdhana meM bAdhaka nahIM rhe| AtmavAda ne jar3avAda kA bahiSkAra kara diyaa| aura karmasiddhAnta ne daiva ke Upara bharosA kara hAtha para hAtha rakha baiTha rahanA bhulA diyaa| deva-pUjA aura bhakti ke dvArA devatAoM ko prasanna kara ihalaukika phala kI prApti ke prayatna ke sthAna meM AtmasAdhanA karanA sikhaayaa| jar3avAda kA sthAna adhyAtmavAda ne le liyA, rUr3hivAda kA yuktivAda aura viveka ne| jJAna, bhakti aura sadAcAra kI triveNI bahA dii| ___ isake atirikta saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, tAmila, telegu, kannar3a, hindI, gujarAtI, marAThI Adi vibhinna bhASAoM meM vividha viSayaka vipula sundara evaM ucca koTi kA sAhitya jainavidvAnoM dvArA jaina rAjAoM aura zreSTiyoM ke protsAhana se jitanA aura jaisA isa jainayuga meM racA gayA anya kisI dUsare yuga meM kisI dUsarI saMskRti dvArA nhiiN| tatvajJAna, darzana, AcArazAstra, itihAsa, nIti, samAjazAstra, vaidyaka, jyotiSa, gaNita, mantrazAstra, nyAyazAstra, kathA-sAhitya,

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116 anekAnta-58/1-2 kAvya, nATaka, campu, tarka, chanda, alaGkAra, vyAkaraNa, saMgIta, zilpazAstra-syAt hI koI viSaya aisA bacA ho jisa para jainavidvAnoM ne saphalatApUrvaka kalama calA kara bhAratI ke bhaMDAra ko samRddha evaM alaMkRta na kiyA ho| sthApatya, mUrti, citra, nATaka, saMgIta, kAvya sarva prakAra kI lalita kalAoM meM jainoM ne nAyakatva kiyaa| isa sabake pramANa upalabdha jainasAhitya aura purAtatva meM paryApta milate bhASAoM aura lipi ke vikAsa meM sarvAdhika bhAga jainoM ne hI liyA aura isI jainayuga meN| brAhmIlipikA AviSkAra kahA jAtA hai bhagavAna RSabhadeva ne kiyA thA, kintu vaha hamAre yuga se pUrva kI bAta hai, tathApi brAhmI lipi kA sarva-prathama upayoga adhikatara jainoM dvArA hI huA milatA hai| mohanajodar3o ke mudrAlekhoM ke atirikta I. pUrva 5vIM zatAbdI kA bar3alI abhilekha, mauryakAlIna guibhilekha, zilAbhilekha, staMbha lekhAdi, khArabela ke abhilekha, gujarAta yathA dakSiNa ke abhilekha isake sAkSI haiN| deza ke kone kone meM aura pradhAna evaM mahatvapUrNa sthAnoM meM jainatIrtha usI prAcIna kAla le cale Ate haiN| brAhmI se nAgarI lipi kA vikAsa jaina vidvAnoM dvArA hI huaa| sthApatya-kalA kI nAgarazailI ke adhiSThAtA bhI vahI the| citrakalA kA zuddha bhAratIya prAraMbha bhI inhoMne kiyaa| stUpa, guphAyeM, caitya, mandira, mUrti ityAdi ke prathama janmadAtA isa jaina yuga ke jaina hI the| samAja vyavasthA tathA Adhunika jAtiyoM kI pUrvaja vyavasAyika zreNiyoM aura nigamoM kA saMgaThana evaM nirmANa jaina yuga meM jaina nItizAstra ke AcAryo tathA jaina gRhastha vyavasAyiyoM dvArA hI huaa| jaina vyApAriyoM tathA zramaNAcAryoM dvArA bhArata kA prakAza bhAratetara dezoM taka phailA, vRhad bhArata ke nirmANa meM inakA pUrA pUrA hAtha thaa| deza ke kone kone meM usa yuga sambandhI jaina smAraka Aja bhI upalabdha haiM, aura cAhe alpa alpa saMkhyA meM hI ho deza ke pratyeka bhAga meM jainoM kA astitva hai| vAstava meM bauddhadharma kI sthiti to usa yuga meM jahA~ taka bhAratavarSa kA

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anekAnta-58/1-2 117 saMbaMdha hai prAyaH nagaNya hI thii| gautamabaddha kA svayaM tatkAlIna rAjya-vaMzo para koI prabhAva nahIM par3A, unake jIvanakAla meM hI unake pitA kA rAjya, rAjadhAnI tathA zAkyavaMza prAyaH naSTa ho gayA thaa| sikandara aura megasthanIja ke samaya bauddha sampradAya kucha eka "jhagar3Alu vyaktiyoM" kA sAmAnya sA sampradAya mAtra thaa| azoka ke samaya taka bauddha tIrtho para rAjya kI ora se yAtrI kara lagA huA thaa| isa sampradAya ke prati zAsana kI kaThoratA aura upekSA ke kAraNa usa samaya ke bauddhadharmAdhyakSa tismane bauddhabhikSuoM ko dezAntara meM so bhI ujjaDu, asabhya sudUra pradezoM meM jAkara nivAsa karane aura dharma pracAra karane kI AjJA dii| isa deza meM to mAtra kucha kaTTara bauddhabhikSuoM ne jaise taise apanA astitva banAye rakhA aura jaba jaba rAjyakrAntiyoM athavA sAmAjika uthala-puthala ke kAraNa unheM suyoga milA, unhoMne apanA dhArmika svArthasAdhana kiyA, kintu vizeSa saphala phira bhI na ho sake aura isI yuga meM san I. 7vIM 8vIM zatAbdI taka isa deza se unakA nAma zeSa ho gyaa| sImAnta pradezoM meM tathA bAhyadezoM me avazya hI vaha zaka, hUNa, maGgAla Adi videzI AkrAntAoM ko prabhAvita kara apanI zakti bar3hAne ke prayatna meM lage rhe| siMhala, pUrvAbhidvIpasamUha, svarNa-dvIpa (malAyA), brahmA, cIna, jApAna, tibbata maGgoliyA Adi meM avazya hI atyAdhika saphala hue, ThIka usI taraha jaise 15vIM 16vIM zatAbdi meM iMglaiNDa se bahiSkRta, rAjya aura prajA donoM dvArA pIr3ita thor3e se dharmayAtrI (Pilgrim Enthers) Aja amarIkA jaisA mahAzaktizAlI rASTra nirmANa karane meM saphala ho gye| jainoM kI Aja kI rAjanaitika, sAmAjika sthiti, alpa saMkhyA, apane mahatva ko svayaM na samajhane tathA apane prAcIna sAhitya ke amUlya ratnoM ko prakAzita na kara tAle meM banda bhaMDAroM meM kIr3oM kA grAsa banAne, purAtatvasaMbaMdhI amUlya nidhi ko na pahacAnane aura jAnane kA yatna na karane Adi se unake isa yuga meM prApta mahatva tathA pradhAnatA kA anumAna karanA tanika kaThina hai| kintu niSpakSa itihAsa premI ko aba bhI isa lekha meM vivecita tathyoM kI sAkSI meM paryApta prabala pramANa mila sakate haiM aura milate haiN| kisI jAti kI vartamAna hIna avasthA se yaha niSkarSa nikAlanA ki yaha

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118 sadaiva se vaisI hI rahI hogI yuktiyukta nahIM hai / mahAtmA IsA ke pazcAt bhI kaI sau varSa paryanta kyA yuropa meM isAiyoM kI vahIM avasthA thI jo Aja hai ? hajarata mahammada ke bahuta pIche taka kyA musalamAnoM kI saMkhyA aura prabhutva utanA thA, jitanA ki pIche ho gayA? vidyAdhara, RkSa, yakSa, nAga Adi vaha anArya jAtiyAM jinakI ucca nAgarika sabhyatA ne navAgata vaidika Aryo ko cakAcauMdha kara diyA thA Aja kahAM haiM? mohanajodar3o sabhyatA ke saMrakSakoM kA kyA Aja kahIM koI astittva hai? anekAnta-58/1-2 astu, bhAratavarSa ke itihAsa kA prAcInayuga, kama se kama usakA bahubhAga jaina saMskRti kI pradhAnatA evaM prabhutva kA yuga thA, rAjA prajA adhikAMza dezavAsI jainadharmAnuyAyI the / sabhyatA ke vividha aGgoM kI puSTi aura vRddhi vividhavargIya jainoM ne usa yuga meM kI thii| usa yuga meM lagI jaina saMskRti kI bhAratIya samAja para amiTa chApa Aja bhI lakSita kI jA sakatI hai| bhAratIya sabhyatA ko hI nahIM vizva sabhyatA ko usa yuga meM jaina saMskRti ne amUlya bheMTa pradAna kI hai / usa yuga meM nirmita vividha viSayaka jaina sAhitya tathA kalAtmaka racanAe~ bhArata kI rASTrIya nidhi ke amUlya ratna haiM / ataH vaha yuga yadi kisI sAMskRtika nAma se pukArA jA sakatA hai to vaha jaina saMskRti ke nAma se hI / bhAratIya itihAsa kA vaha lagabhaga 2000 varSa kA yuga saccA yathArtha jainayuga thA, na bauddha na hindu / 1 2 3 sandarbha Pre-Historic India PC Mitra, P 106, 2 Pargitor - Anci altIndian Historical tradition, Dr K. P Jayaswal, handarkar & c. Studies in South Indian Jainism Pt. IP 12, by MS Rama Swami Ayangar & B Sheshagiri Rao & Introto Heart of Jainism P XIV - Mrs Sinclair bhAratIya itihAsa kI rUparekhA pR 286 jayacanda vidyA tathA A Political History of Ancient India P. 16-Dr H Ray Choudhry. 4 Political History of Ancient India P 47-Dr. HC Raychoudhry

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anekAnta-58/1-2 119 5 Intro to Jaina Bibliography-Dr Guerinor, Camb History of India (The History of the Jain) foll,P 152-160, Intro to UthradyayanP 21-Charpenter 6 bhA i kI rUparekhA pR 287-jayacandra vidyaalngkaar| 7 Political Hist of Ancient India P 46-Dr HC Raychoudhry and bhagavatIsUtra 8 Kharvel's Inscriptions in the Orissa Caves 9 Ancient India P 27-by Dr T L Shah 10 Early Hist of India-V Smith, Asoka P 13-Dr R K Mukerjeee, etc 11 Dr H Jacobi-Intro to Jain Sutras P 62 12 The Early Faith of Asoka-Dr E. Thomas 13 Kharvel's Inscriptions of the Orissa Caves 14 Ancient India Its invasion by Alexander the Great-Mc. crindle 15 yaha kara azoka ne mApha kiyA batAyA jAtA hai- dekho azoka ke gauNa shilaalekh| jeNa rAgA virajjejja jeNa semasi rjjdi| jeNa mettI pabhAvejja taNNANaM jinnsaasnne|| - 'jisake kAraNa rAga-dveSa-kAma-krodhAdika se viraktatA prApta ho, jisake pratApa se yaha jIva apane kalyANa ke mArga meM laga jAya aura jisake prabhAva se sarva prANiyoM meM isakA maitrI bhAva vyApta ho jAe vahI jJAna jinazAsana ko mAnya athavA usake dvArA abhivaMdanIya hai|' -

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pustaka lekhaka prakAzaka : : : pustaka samIkSA mUla jaina - saMskRti : aparigraha paM. padmacandra zAstrI vIra sevA mandira, 21 anasArI roDa, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-110002 pRSTha saMskaraNa mUlya pustaka kA 2005 meM prakAzita tIsarA saMskaraNa hamAre hAtha meM hai / lekhaka bahuzruta vidvAn tathA digambara jaina AmnAya ke prati niSThAvAn haiN| unhoMne AcArya kundakunda se lekara pazcAtvartI aneka mahAn manISI AcAryo ke dhavalA Adi aneka granthoM kA AloDana, manthana karake siddha kiyA hai ki jaina- saMskRti aparigrahamUlaka hai / pA~ca vratoM meM sabase mahattvapUrNa sarvocca vrata aparigraha hI jainadharma yA saMskRti kI pahacAna yA lakSaNa hai / pA~ca vratoM ke krama meM aparigraha pA~cavA avazya hai, para isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki vaha gauNa yA nimnastara para hai| ise yoM bhI samajha sakate haiM ki prAthamika zAlA kA chAtra dhIre-dhIre Upara uThakara aMtima sIr3hI para pahu~catA hai, sarvocca upAdhi grahaNa karatA hai, to prAthamikatA apane Apa gauNa yA anupayogI ho jAtI hai / isa prakAra jaina saMskRti yA digambaratva kA mUla AdhAra sampUrNatayA akiMcana sthiti taka kA aparigraha hI hai aura vahI usakA lakSaNa yA cinha hai / 48 tIsarA : svAdhyAya : Agama sammata gAthAoM tathA sUtroM ke anusAra vidvAn lekhaka ne yaha bhI spaSTa kiyA hai ki pApoM yA doSoM se virati hI vrata hai / ahiMsA-satya-acaurya-zIla kA vrata kaise liyA jA sakatA hai? ye to sAmAjika jIvana tathA sadAcAra ke naitika mUlya haiM jo vyakti kI zakti, sAmarthya, bhAvanA tathA saMskAroM para nirbhara

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anekAnta-58/1-2 121 haiN| ataH hiMsA Adi pApoM se virata honA hI vrata hai aura susaMgata hai| vrata grahaNa karane kI paramparA yA dhAraNA zAstra sammata pratIta nahIM hotii| dasa dharma, bAraha bhAvanAe~, sapta vyasanoM kA tyAga, subhASita, upadeza Adi ke vidhAna to naitika arthAt sAmAjika sadAcAra paraka haiN| yaha bhI dhyAna meM rakhane kI bAta hai ki ahiMsA-satya Adi dharma to haiM, para siddhAnta nahIM haiM-vyakti aura samaSTi sApekSa hI haiN| deza-kAla-bhAva-paristhiti ke anusAra parivartanazIla haiN| lekhaka ne sabhI prakAra kI sAdhanAoM tathA kriyAoM kA mUla kendra aparigraha hI tarkazuddha zailI meM pratipAdita kiyA hai| jaba jaina saMskRti kA mUla AdhAra aparigraha hai, taba aparigraha ko eka kinAre rakhakara parigraha ke prati itanA adhika AkarSaNa aura lagAva kaise bar3hatA gayA? aura sukha bhoga kI dRSTi se ahiMsA Adi naitika guNoM ko paramadharma mAnakara saMgraha priyatA ko puNya kA pariNAma mAna liyA gayA? lekhaka kahate haiM "hamArI bhUla rahI hai ki hama anya vrata Adi kriyAoM ko jainatva kA rUpa dene meM Asakta rahe haiM aura aparigraha kI Asakti se nAtA tor3e hue haiN|... vartamAna meM ahiMsA-satya-acaurya aura brahmacarya kI jaisI dhuMdhalI paripATI pracalita hai, usameM yadi sudhAra A jAe to laukika mAnava banA jA sakatA hai|" ___ tapa-tyAga evaM aparigraha kI avadhAraNA nivRttimUlaka cintana kI dena hai| pravRtti-nivRtti, nimitta-upAdAna, nizcaya-vyavahAra, AtmA-anAtmA, samyak-mithyA, karma-akarma, zuddha-azuddha, satya-mithyA Adi ke dvandvoM se hameM dArzanikoM tathA cintanazIla manISiyoM ne bauddhika vyAyAma dvArA ulajhana meM yA asamaMjasa meM DAla diyA hai| pariNAma ye hai ki sattA-sampatti aura zastra kI AkAMkSA aura hor3a to bar3ha gayI, para hamArA mAnasa saMvadena zUnya ho gayA mAnavIya niSThA lupta ho gayI aura saMgraha ke bala para 'samAja aura deza' va jAti sampradAya, dharma, adhyAtma, bhASA, kriyAkAMDa Adi ke gheroM meM aMha ko puSTa karate hue aisA siddhAnta gar3ha liyA ki saMsAra meM sArA sukha-duHkha karmAdhIna hai| koI kisI kA kucha nahIM kara sakatA saba kramabaddha paryAya ke anusAra bhoganA par3atA hai|

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122 anekAnta-58/1-2 sarvajJavATa ne to hamArI pragati hI avaruddha kara dI! mai socatA hU~ ki kyA kabhI kisI tIrthakara tathAgata yA avatAra ne kahA thA ki mere bAda aisA koI nahIM hogA? aura kyA ve svayaM apane Apako sarvajJAtA kaha sakate the? para yadi hama apanI buddhi aura vicArazakti ko graMthoM meM Abaddha kara leM to vikAsa kaise saMbhava hai| yaha sahI hai ki bahuzruta lekhaka ne dharmaniSThA tathA satyaniSThA ke AdhAra para apane vicAra prakaTa kiye haiM, kintu ve yaha bhI jAnate haiM ki Aja vizva kI aneka mukhI paristhitiyoM ne itanI karavaTa le lI hai ki bhArata meM soyA huA vyakti amerikA meM karavaTa badalakara jAgatA hai| sArA vizva samRddhi aura zakti-saMcaya kI ora daur3a rahA hai| sudUra grahoM para bhI sattAsIna hone ke prayAsa cala rahe haiN| dharma, siddhAnta aura paramparAe~ vijJAna kI khojoM aura upalabdhiyoM ke Age mahattvahIna yA anupayogI sAbita ho rahI haiN| adhyAtmaka tathA tapa-tyAga kI, kAyakleza kI sAdhanA meM rata sAdhuvarga bhI mana ho mana AkAMkSI hai ki svarga kA sukha bhogane ko mile! vijJAna kI khojoM ne hamAre sAre siddhAntoM para punarvicAra karane kI preraNA dI hai| svarga-mokSa, karma-siddhAnta, AyurvijJAna saba bIte yuga kI bAteM raha gayI haiN| yaha mAnA ki aparigraha yA AMkicanya kI avadhAraNA vyakti ke AtmakalyANa kI dRSTi se, santoSa dhAraNa karane kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa hai, para kyA isase rASTrIya samRddhi aura zakti meM sahAyatA mila sakatI hai? 'chor3a sakala jaga daMda-phaMda nija Atama dhyAvo' ke upadeza ko Aja kisa Asana para baiThA sakate haiN| manuSya Aja jisa vizva meM sAMsa le rahA hai, usake sapane dUsare hI hai| hameM socanA hogA ki Akhira ina tyAgapUrNa upadezoM aura AcAra-vicAroM ke kAraNa deza kI garIbI, AMkAkSA, bekArI, asvAsthya meM vigata hajAroM varSoM meM kitanI kamI AyI? aura kyA A sakatI hai| kahIM na kahIM hamArI samAja racanA meM, dharma cintana meM cUka rahI hai| hameM graMtha, paMtha aura saMta kI ghere baMdI se bAhara nikalakara apanI svAyatta buddhi niSThA kA upayoga karanA hI hogaa| adhyAtma ko samAja sevA paraka rUpa denA hogaa|

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anekAnta-58/1-2 123 pustaka choTI sI hai, vicAra preraNA dAyI haiM, saMskRti ke mUla tatva ko samajhane meM sahAyaka hai| lekina yadi ve sIdhI-sarala bhASA meM apane vicAra rakhate to Ama pAThaka ko adhika suvidhA hotii| maiM aise do cAra vAkya yA aMza uddhRta kara sakatA thA, jo ki merI samajha me bhI nahIM A rahe the| sarala bhASA kA apanA mahattva hai, yaha sabhI jAnate hai| priya bhAI DA. kamalezakumAra ke dvArA pustaka par3hane ko milI, ataH yaha likhane kA zreya unhIM ko jAtA hai| samIkSaka -jamanAlAla jaina sAranAtha (vArANasI) - - - - --- svadoSa-zAntyA vihitA''tmazAntiH zAntervidhAtA zaraNaM gatAnAm / bhUyAdbhava-kleza-bhayopazAntyai zAntirjino me bhagavAn shrnnyH|| - 'jinhoMne apane doSoM kI zAnti karake arthAt pUrNa nivRtti karake pUrNa sukhasvarUpA svAbhAvika sthiti / prApta kI hai, aura (isaliye) jo zaraNagatoM ke liye zAnti ke vidhAtA haiM ve bhagavAna zAntijina mere zaraNya haiM-zaraNabhUta haiN| ataH mere saMsAra paribhramaNa kI, klezoM kI aura bhayoM kI upazAnti ke liye nimittabhUta hoveN|| - -

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Adarza sampAdaka : zrI ajita prasAda - saMjIva 'lalita' palakoM se tUphAna uThAyA jA sakatA hai| mauna rahake bhI zora macAyA jA sakatA hai|| patrakAritA ke mAdhyama se samAja jAgRti kI mauna krAMti kA zaMkhanAda karane vAle 'zodhAdarza' ke sampAdaka zrI ajita prasAda jI aba hamAre bIca nahIM rahe yaha vicAra kevala una logoM kA ho sakatA hai jo unheM audArika zarIra mAtra se jAnate the| mere anusAra ve aba bhI haiM aura unake dvArA dharma prabhAvanA, samAja jAgRti ke lie die gae vicAroM se vaha sadaiva yazasvI zarIra se jIvita rheNge| 1 janavarI 1918 ko meraTha meM bAbU pArasadAsa jI ke ghara janme zrI ajita prasAda jI ne saMskRta evaM hindI sAhitya kI abhUtapUrva sevA kI hai| Apa 1938 meM u. pra. kI loka sevA Ayoga dvArA prathama baica meM sacivAlaya sevA parIkSA meM uttIrNa hue| Apake agraja bhrAtA itihAsa manISI DaoN. jyoti prasAda jaina kI vAtsalya pUrNa zikSA ne Apake patrakAritA ke guNoM ko vikasita karane meM urvaraka kA kAma kiyaa| jisase Apa eka sulajhe hue patrakAra bana gye| DaoN. jyotiprasAda jI ke pazcAt 'zodhAdarza' patrikA ko Apane apanI lagana, kaThina parizrama evaM sevAbhAva se Aja taka nAmAnurUpa zodha ke lie Adarza banAe rkhaa| sampUrNa sAhityaka kSetra va jaina samAja ApakI isa sevA se cirakAla gauravAnvita evaM lAbhAnvita huA hai| patrikA ke sampAdana dAyitva ko bakhUbI nibhAte hue anusaMdhAna ke nae-nae AyAma khojanA ApakI vizeSatA rhii| apane vicAroM kI turka pUrNa evaM Agama ke pariprekSya meM vivecanA Apa jisa nirbhayatA se karate rahe vaise nirbhIka, sajaga sampAdaka aba samAja meM uMgaliyoM

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anekAnta-58/1-2 125 para ginane lAyaka bace haiN| Apane mAna-apamAna Adi kI paravAha na karate hue samAja mArga cyuta na ho jAe isake lie aMtima zvAsa taka prayatna kiyaa| __ maiMne ajita prasAda jI ko sAkSAta dekhA to nahIM para paM. padmacandra jI zAstrI evaM zrI mahAvIra prasAda jI sarrApha 'zAkAhAra pracAraka' ko likhe gae unake patra par3hane kA saubhAgya mujhe gata varSoM se milatA rahA hai| vIra sevA maMdira meM kAryarata hone se zrI ajitaprasAda jI ke patra paMDita padmacandra jI ko par3hakara sunAtA rahA hU~ tathA zrI mahAvIra prasAda jI bhI ApakA patra Ane para dUrabhASa yA patra ke mAdhyama se sUcita kara dete the| Apane paMDita padamacandra jI ke anekAnta 55/3 meM chape 'bharatakSetra ke sImandhara AcArya kundakunda' lekha kI samIkSA karate hue patra meM likhA thA ki___ "Apane sImandhara zabda kI vyAkhyA evaM zrI kundakunda ke videha gamana kI anuzruti kA khaMDana bar3e sundara DhaMga se kiyA hai| para merI mAnyatA hai ki kundakunda padmanandi se bhinna AcArya the|" Apake patroM meM vizeSatA yaha rahatI thI ki Apa apane evaM jisako patra likhA hai usake bAre meM bahuta kama likhakara digambara Agama ke sAtha ho rahI avamAnanA evaM samAja ke jainatva se girate stara para ciMtA evaM usake samAdhAna ko vistAra se likhate the| ina saba anubhavoM evaM zodhAdarza meM chapI unakI TippaNiyoM ke par3hane para maiM dRr3hatA se likha sakatA hU~ ki ve tarka pUrNa manISA ke svAmI the, ve uccAraNa se ucca AcaraNa ko adhika mahattva dete the, dharma ke nAma para korI ADambaratA unheM pasanda nahIM thI, satya ke udbhAvana se unhoMne kabhI samajhautA nahIM kiyaa| ___ zrI ajita prasAda jI ke lekhoM ke kucha aMzo kA uddharaNa maiM yahA~ anekAnta ke pAThakoM ko isa AzA se de rahA hU~ ki jina pAThakoM ne zrI ajita prasAdajI ko dekhA, sunA, par3hA nahIM hai vaha bhI unake bahuAyAmI vyaktitva se paricita hokara unake vicAroM kA lAbha avazya utthaaeNge| Apa eka saphala patrakAra rahe haiM- 20 apraila 03 ko naI dillI meM ahiMsA iMTaranezanala dvArA premacanda jaina patrakAritA puraskAra prApta karate hue unhoMne

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126 anekAnta-58/1-2 apane hRdaya kI vedanA vyakta karate hue patrakAra evaM patrikA ke viSaya meM bhASaNa diyA thaa| Apane kheda ke sAtha kahA ki isa samaya sampUrNa jaina samAja meM lagabhaga 200 patrikAyeM chapatI haiM akele digambara jaina samAja meM chapane vAlI patrikAoM kI saMkhyA lagabhaga 100 hai| para vicArie patrikA kI paribhASA- "uttaradAyitva, apanI svataMtratA, sabhI dabAboM se pare rahanA, satyatA prakaTa karanA, niSpakSatA, samAna vyavahAra evaM samAna AcaraNa" kI kasauTI para Aja kI kitanI patrikAyeM kharI utara sakatI haiN| hamAre kitane patrakAra, lekhaka bhAI patrakAritA ke ina kartavyoM kA nirvAha kara pA rahe haiN| adhikAMza patrikAyeM to vyakti yA pakSa vizeSa kI prazaMsAoM se hI bharI rahatI haiN| ___ zrI ajita prasAda jI jaina darzana, jaina siddhAnta ke acche jAnakAra the| jaina darzana ke jAnakAra hone se hI ApakI lekhanI kevala sAmAjika viSayoM taka sImita na hokara darzana kSetra ke gUr3ha rahasyodaghATana meM bhI saphala rhii| zodhAdarza ke navambara 2001 ke aMka meM Apane pArzvagiri para AcArya pratimAoM kI sthApanA ke samAcAra milane para likhA thA ki- AcAryo/muniyoM kI tadAkAra pratimAoM kI vidhivata prANa-pratiSThA kara jina maMdira meM virAjamAna karanA bIsavIM zatI ke uttarArddha kI hI dena hai| ina sAdhu pratimAoM kI prANa-pratiSThA ke kyA artha haiM, hama jaise alpajJoM kI sAmAnya buddhi ke lie agamya hai| ___ zodhAdarza navambara 2002 ke sampAdakIya-'maMgalam puSpadaMtAyo, jaina dharmostu maMgalam' meM Apake vyaMgAtmaka zailI meM likhe gae sajaga dUradarzI vicAra sabhya samAja kI rakSA ke lie sajaga praharI ke samAna haiN| mArca 2002 ke aMka meM Apane vidvat pariSada ke vikharAva kI vyathA bhI likhI thii| Apa dharma parAyaNa the ataH Apa Agama ke mUla rUpa meM chadma parivartana karane vAloM se samAja ko sajaga karane kA apanA kartavya Akhira taka nirvahana karate rhe| ____ zrI ajita prasAda jI sacce muni bhakta the| Apa kevala AgamAnukula caryArata guruoM ke prati ananya zraddhA rakhate the| ApakI spaSTa mAnyatA thI ki samAja sudhAra dharmaguruoM ke mAdhyama se hI ho sakatA hai| samAja sudhAra meM dharmaguruoM kI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA ho lekha meM Apane likhA hai ki- Aja

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anekAnta-58/1-2 127 akele digambara jaina AmnAya meM picchIdhArI dharmaguruo guruNiyoM kI saMkhyA 500 ke lagabhaga hogI tathA unake akele cAturmAsa kAla pA hI samAja kA araboM vyaya ho jAtA hai| hameM dharma prabhAvanA ke nAma se kie gae kisI bhI Ayojana para koI Apatti nahI hai, yadyapi vaibhavapUrNa pradarzanoM se samAja kA koI bhalA nahIM hotaa| vRhad kriyA kANDa bhI jaina dharma kI mUla bhAvanA se mela nahIM khaate| hamAre dharmagurU/guruNiyAM jinake prati samAja meM atyanta zraddhA va sammAna hai kucha samAja sudhAra kI ora bhI dhyAna deM to unakA samAja para sthAyI upakAra rhegaa| jaisA kucha muni zrAvakoM ko dina meM vivAha karavAne, vivAha meM apavyaya na karane, daheja kuprathA kA virodha karane Adi kA upadeza apane pravacanoM meM dekara kara rahe haiN| prakANDa tarkaNA zakti ke dhanI zrI ajita prasAda jI kA jIvana sAdA evaM sarala thaa| ve dikhAve meM vizvAsa nahIM rakhate the| Apane deza, samAja se alpa lekara bahuta adhika diyA hai| Apa uttama koTi ke puruSa the| kavivara budhajana kI ye paMktiyAM Apa para bilkula saTIka baiThatI haiM alapa thakI phala de ghanA, uttama puruSa subhaay| dUdha jharai tRNa ko carai, jyoM gokula kI gAya / / Apane zodhAdarza julAI 2004 ke aMka meM 'merI antima abhilASA' zIrSaka se likhA hai- "merI eka hI antima abhilASA hai| maiMne apane dharma aura samAja se bahuta kucha sIkhA aura pAyA hai| unake upakAra se maiM kabhI uRNa nahIM ho sktaa| merI yahI eka abhilASA hai ki jinendra deva kI anukampA se mujhameM itanI zakti banI rahe ki mai antima zvAsa taka dharma va samAja kI kucha na kucha sevA kara sakU tathA yadi mere kisI sukRtya ke phalasvarUpa mujhe panaH narabhava prApta ho to merA janma jaina dharma va jaina samAja meM hI ho|" __ zrI ajita prasAda jI jaise vyaktitva ko khonA jaina samAja se amUlya ratna china jAnA hai| Apane jIvanakAla meM sAhitya evaM samAja kI jo anavarata sevA

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128 anekAnta-58/1-2 kI hai usase sAhitya varga evaM samAja varga kabhI uRNa nahIM ho sakatA / samAja patrikAoM meM unake svargavAsa para kheda prakaTa karane taka apanI zraddhAMjali sImita na rakhe varana unake dvArA sAhitya ke kSetra meM die gae yogadAna ko prakAzita karavAkara hI itane bar3e vyaktitva ko eka choTI sI zraddhAMjali de sakatA hai| samAja kI ora se yahI eka saccI zraddhAMjali hogI jisase Ane vAlI pIr3hI unake vyaktitva evaM vRhad kRtitva se preraNA le sakegI / vIra sevA maMdira se prakAzita 'anekAnta' patrikA meM bhI Apake tathyaparaka Agama sammata dArzanika eMva purAtAttvika lekha chapate rahe haiN| Apake kaThina parizrama evaM nirbhIkatA se likhe gae yaha lekha zodha vidyArthiyoM evaM darzana, purAtattva ke jijJAsuoM ko dizAbodha pradAna karane vAle haiN| vIra sevA maMdira parivAra isa mahAn vyaktitva ke divaMgata hone para stabdha hai / zrI ajita prasAda jI dvArA jaina dharma, jaina samAja ko die gae yogadAna ko namana karatA hai / AzA hai ki zrI ramAkAnta jI, zrI zazikAnta jI Apake dvArA kie gae kAryoM ko gati pradAna kreNge| | 1 sahAyaka vidvAna vIra sevA maMdira 4674/ 21 dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-110002 vidvAn kI AvazyakatA vIra sevA maMdira (jaina darzana zodha saMsthAna), 21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2 ko eka vidvAn kI AvazyaktA hai jinheM saMskRta va / prAkRta bhASA kA jJAna ho aura jaina darzana ke zodha meM ruci ho / AvAsa, bijalI, pAnI kI suvidhA aura sammAnajanaka mAnadeya samparka kareM - dUrabhASa - 011-23250522 - subhASa jaina, mahAsaciva phona : 23271818

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(vIra sevA maMdira 21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2

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58/3-4 anekAnta _bAhuvalI mahAmastakAbhiSeka-20052 vizeSAMka vikasita nIla kamala dala sama haiM jinake sundara netra vizAla zaradacandra zaramAtA jinakI nirakha zAMta chavi, unnata bhAla campaka puSpa lajAtA lakha kara lalita nAsikA suSamA dhAma vizvavaMdya una gommaTeza prati zata-zata bAra vinamra praNAma

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vIra saMvA maMdira anekAnta kA traimAsika pravartaka : A. jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' - isa aMka meM varSa 58 kiraNa 34 janATa-disambara AH). kahA~/kyA? sampAdaka 1 sampAdakIya 2 DaoN jayakumAra jaina 2 bAhavalI pratimA kI pRSThabhUmi - zrI lakSmIcandra saroja 7 129, paTala nagara 3 vindhyagirI para khar3e mujaphpharanagara ( 3 pra) gompaTeza bAhubalI Daga bharane ko hai - DaoN bI DI jaina 11 / / phona 10131) 2603750 4 bAhubalI stavana -- AcArya jinasena svAmI 33 / saha sampAdaka 5 zravaNabelagolA ke abhilemboM - DaoN. jagabIra kauzika 1 saMjIva jaina maidAna paramparA parAmarzadAtA . + zravaNabelagolA ke abhilekhoM -DaoN vizanasvarUpa rustagI 46 paM. padmacandra zAstrI meM varNita baiMkiga praNAlI saMsthA kI 7 jana-jana kI zraddhA ke pratIka - zrI sumata prasAda jaina 53 AjIvana sadasyatA bhagavAn gommaTeza 'jaina vidyAvAridhi 1100/8. jaina saskRti eva sAhitya - ramA kAnta jaina 97 vArSika zulka ke vikAsa meM dakSiNa bhArata kA yogadAna 30/ isa aMka kA mUlya 9 jaina badrI (zravaNabelagolA) -- 'jaina badrI ke bAhubalI' se sAbhAra 103 10/10 kaTavapra . eka apratima -prA. narendra prakAza jaina 115 sadasyoM va maMdiroM ke samAdhi sthala lie ni:zulka 11 zrutakeyalI bhadrayAhu aura - DaoN. zreyAsa kumAra jaina 118 unakA samAdhimaraNa prakAzaka . 12. vIravara cAmuNDarAya - DaoN zreyAsa kumAra jaina 124 bhAratabhUSaNa jaina, eDavodha ? || 13 gommaTa-mUrti kI kuNDalI -- jyotiSAcArya gobinda pai 138 mudraka . 14 pATakIya vidyAra - DaoN. anila kumAra jaina 145 mAsTara prinTarsa, dillI- 12 vizeSa sUcanA : vidvAn lekhaka apane vicAroM ke lie svatantra haiN| yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki sampAdaka unake vicAroM se sahamata ho| vIra sevA maMdira (jaina darzana zodha saMsthAna) 21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI -110002, dUrabhASa : 23250522 saMsthA ko dI gaI sahAyatA rAzi para dhArA 80-jI ke aMtargata Ayakara meM chUTa (raji. Ara 10591/62)

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gommaTesa-thudi (1) visaTTa - kaMdoTTa - dalANuyAraM, suloyaNaM caMda-samANa-tuNDaM / ghoNAjiyaM campaya-puppphasohaM, taM gommaTesaM paNamAmi NiccaM / acchAya-sacchaM jalakaMta-gaMDaM, AbAhu-dolaMta suknnnnpaasN| gaiMda-suNDujjala-bAhudaNDaM, taM gommaTesaM paNamAmi NiccaM / / sukaNTha-sohA-jiyadivvasaMkhaM, himAlayuddAma-visAla-kaMdhaM / supokkha-NijjAyala-suThThamajhaM, taM gommaTesaM paNamAmi NiccaM / / (4) vijjhAyalagge-pavibhAsamANaM, sihAmaNi savva-sucediyANaM / tiloya-saMtolaya-puNNacaMda, taM gommaTesaM paNamAmi NicvaM / / (5) layAsamakkaMta - mahAsarIraM, bhavvAvalIladdha - sakapparukkhaM / deviMdaviMdacciya pAyapomma, taM gommaTesaM paNamAmi NiccaM / / (6) diyabaro yo Na ca bhIi jutto, Na cAMbare sattamaNo cisuddho| sappAdi-jaMtupphusado Na kaMpo, taM gommaTesaM paNamAmi nnicc|| (7) AsAM Na so pekkhadi sacchadiTTi, sokkhe Na baMchA hayadosamUlaM / virAyabhAvaM bharahe visallaM, taM gommaTesaM paNamAmi Nicca / / (8) upAhimuttaM dhaNa-dhAma-vajjiyaM, susammajuttaM maya - mohhaaryN| vasseya pajjaMtamuvavAsa - juttaM, taM gommaTesaM paNamAmi nnicc|| -AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI

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sampAdakIya tIrthakara RSabhadeva isa huNDAvasarpiNI kAla meM prathama rAjA, prathama kevalI tathA prathama tIrthakara the| RSabhadeva jaba yuvA hue to pitA nAbhirAya ne indra kI sammati se kaccha evaM mahAkaccha mahArAja kI bahaneM yazasvatI aura sunandA se unakA vivAha karA diyaa| RSabhadeva ko rAnI yazasvatI se bharata Adi ninyAnave putra evaM brAhmI nAmaka putrI kI prApti huI tathA dUsarI rAnI sunandA se bAhubalI nAmaka putra evaM sundarI nAmaka putrI kI prApti hii| rAjA RSabhadeva ne brAhmI evaM sundarI ko kramazaH aMkavidyA evaM lipividyA kA jJAna karAyA tathA putroM ko sarvavidyAoM kA jJAna kraayaa| rAjya karate hue rAjA RSabhadeva kA samaya sukhamaya bIta rahA thA ki nRtyAMganA nIlAMjanA kI nRtya-kAla meM mRtyu tathA indra dvArA punaH vaisI hI nRtyAMganA upasthita karane ke chala ko unhoMne Atmabodha maanaa| unake hRdaya meM yahIM se vairAgya kA aMkuraNa hone lgaa| unhoMne vicAra kiyA 'kUTanATakametattu pryuktmmreshinaa| nUnamasmatprabodhAya smRtimAdhAya dhiimtaa||| (AdipurANa, 17/38) rAjA RSabhadeva ne rAjyAvasthA meM hI apane putroM ko yathAyogya rAjya pradAna kara diyA thaa| unhoMne bharata ko ayodhyA kA aura bAhabalI ko podanapura (takSazilA) kA rAjA pradAna kiyA thaa| bharata cakravartI the aura bAhubalI kAmadeva / cakravartI hone se bharata ne bhUmaNDala kI digvijaya yAtrA kii| digvijaya yAtrA ke samApana para jaba cakraratna ayodhyA ke bAhara hI ruka gayA taba viziSTa jJAniyoM ne batAyA ki jaba taka sabhI bhAI ApakI AdhInatA svIkAra nahIM kara leMge taba taka digvijaya yAtrA pUrI nahIM samajhI jA sakatI hai| isI kAraNa cakraratna avaruddha ho gayA hai| bharata ne sabhI bhAIyoM ke pAsa apanI AdhInatA-viSayaka sandeza bhejaa| bAhubalI ko chor3a

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anekAnta 58/3-4 3 anya sabhI bhAI samasyA kA hala pUchane bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke pAsa gye| bhagavAn ke upadeza se unhoMne digambara dIkSA dhAraNa karalI aura AtmakalyANa kA mArga apanA liyaa| bAhabalI bharata ke AdhInatA-viSayaka sandeza se Andolita ho utthe| bharata ne bAhubalI ke samIpa niHsRSTArtha dUta bhejA, kintu usake sAma, dAma, daNDa, bheda rUpa sabhI prayAsa asaphala ho gye| bAhubalI ne bharata kI AdhInatA yaha kahakara svIkAra nahIM kI ki bharata apane pUjya pitAjI dvArA dI gaI hamArI pRthivI ko chInanA cAhatA hai| bAhubalI vicAra karane lage 'varaM vanAdhivAso'pi varaM prANavisarjanam / kulAbhimAninaH puMso na praajnyaavidheytaa||' (AdipurANa, 35/118) pariNAmasvarUpa donoM ora se senAye yuddhakSetra meM sannaddha ho gii| donoM pakSa ke catura mantriyoM ne vicAra kiyA ki donoM hI bhAI caramazarIrI haiN| ataH inakA to kucha bigar3egA nhii| vyartha meM donoM hI pakSa kI senA kA ghAta hogaa| mantriyoM ke parAmarza se sainyayuddha kA parihAra ho gyaa| bharata aura bAhubalI ke madhya jalayuddha, dRSTiyuddha aura bAhuyuddha huaa| ina tInoM yuddhoM meM bAhubalI vijetA rhe| bharata atyanta lajjita hue aura unhoMne bAhubalI para devopanIta cakra calA diyaa| devopanIta cakra apane kuTummiyoM para prabhAvI nahIM hotA hai| ataH cakra ne bAhubalI kI parikramA kI aura vaha nisteja hokara bAhubalI ke samIpa hI Thahara gyaa| bAhubalI socane lage ki sAmrAjya phala rUpa meM duHkhadAyI hI hai| maNDalarAjA evaM prajAjana bhI bharata ko dhikkArane lge| bAhubalI ko vairAgya utpanna ho gyaa| ve bharata se kahane lage 'preyasIyaM tavaivAstu rAjyazrIryA tvyaadRtaa| naucitaiSA mamAyuSman bandho na hi satAM mude||' (AdipurANa, 36/97)

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anekAnta 58/3-4 ___bAhubalI ne avinaya ke lie bharata se kSamAyAcanA kii| bharata bhI apane kiye akArya para pazcAtApa karane lgaa| dRDhanizcayI bAhabalI ko bharata kI anunaya-vinaya DigA na sakI aura unhoMne rAjya tyAgakara digambara muni-dIkSA grahaNa kara lii| vAhubalI dhyAnastha ho gye| unhoMne eka varSa taka eka hI sthAna para pratimAyoga dhAraNa kiyaa| unake kaMdhoM taka keza laTakane lge| sarpa una para lipaTa gaye aura unhoMne vAmI banA lii| latAyeM unake avicala zarIra para car3ha gii| aisI tIvra tapasyA karane para bhI unheM kevalajJAna kI prApti nahIM huii| kyoMki unake mana meM yaha vikalpa maujUda rahA ki maiM bharata kI bhUmi para khar3A huuN| __ bAhubalI kA jaise hI eka varSa kA pratimAyoga samApta huA to cakravartI bharata ne unakI pUjA kii| pUjA karate hI bAhubalI ko avinAzI kevalajJAna prApta ho gyaa| AcArya jinasena ne likhA hai ki bAhubalI ke mana meM yaha vicAra vidyamAna thA ki bharata ko mere nimitta se kaSTa pahuMcA hai| isI kAraNa kevalajJAna ko bharata kI pUjA kI apekSA thii| unhone likhA hai 'saMkliSTo bharatAdhIzaH so'smatta iti ytkil| hRdyasya hArda tenAsIt tatpUjApekSi kevalam / / ' (AdipurANa, 36/186) bAhubalI ko kevalajJAna utpanna ho jAne para bharata ne punaH bar3I bhArI pUjA kii| pahale jo pUjA kI thI vaha to apane aparAdha ke prAyazcita ke lie thii| bhagavAn bAhubalI kI stuti karate hue AdipurANa (36/212) meM kahA gayA hai ki jina bAhubalI ne antaraMga aura bahiraMga zatruoM para vijaya prApta kara lI hai, bar3e-bar3e yogirAja hI jinakI mahimA jAna sakate haiM, jo pUjya puruSoM ke dvArA bhI pUjanIya haiM aise yogirAja bAhubalI ko jo apane hRdaya meM dhAraNa karatA hai, usakI antarAtmA zAnta ho jAtI hai tathA vaha zIghra hI mokSa lakSmI ko prApta kara letA hai| bhagavAn bAhubalI caramazarIrI prathama kAmadeva the, jinakI dhyAnastha kAla

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anekAnta 58/3-4 kI zrIkSetra zravaNabelagolA meM 57 phITa U~cI parvata zilAkhaNDa meM nirmita atizayakArI mUrti hai| isa mUrti ko caitra zukla paMcamI vikrama saMvat 1038 meM guruvAra ke dina cAmuNDarAya ke anurodha para zilpiyoM ne paripUrNatA pradAna kI thii| 57 phITa kI mUrti kI saMracanA kA bhI eka rahasya hai| saMvara ke kAraNa 3 guptiyA~, 5 samitiyA~, 10 dharma, 12 anuprekSAyeM, 22 parISahajaya aura 5 mahAvrata rUpa cAritra haiN| kadAcit saMvara ke 57 kAraNoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara hI cAmuNDarAya ne ise 57 phITa kI banavAne kA nirdeza diyA ho| gommaTeza bAhubalI kI isa mUrti kA jaba prathama abhiSeka rAjA-mahArAjAoM, mantrI-senApati Adi ne kiyA to kahA jAtA hai ki unake abhiSeka kI payodhArA kaTipradeza taka hI A pAtI thii| saba Azcaryacakita the| patA calA ki eka gullikA ajjI gallikA meM dugdha lekara bhagavAn kA abhiSeka karanA cAhatI hai| kisI taraha jaba use anamati mila gaI aura usane abhiSeka kiyA to logoM ke Azcarya kA ThikAnA na rhaa| bhAvavizuddhi ke kAraNa usake gullikAbhara dugdha se pUrI pratimA kA abhiSeka ho gayA tathA bahane vAlI dhArA se nIce kalyANI sarovara bhI labAlaba bhara gyaa| isase prabhAvita hokara cAmuNDarAya ne gullikA ajjI kI mUrti bhI mukhya dvAra para sthApita karA dii| gullikA ajjI amara ho gii| 6 pharavarI, se 19 pharavarI 2006 taka zrIkSetra zravaNabelagolA meM virAjamAna vizvavikhyAta bhagavAn gommaTeza bAhubalI kI isa atizayakArI pAvana pratimA kA bAraha varSa ke pazcAt mahAmastakAbhiSeka sampanna hone jA rahA hai| isa Ayojana kI taiyAriyA~ lagabhaga pUrI ho cukI haiN| isa avasara para anekAnta kA yaha saMyuktAMka vizeSAMka ke rUpa meM samarpita karate hae hameM alaukika Ananda eva asImita AtmatoSa ho rahA hai| gullikA ajjI kI taraha yadi hamAre bhAvoM meM vizuddhi ho, usake dugdha ke samAna yadi abhiSeka meM prayojyamAna dravyoM kI zuddhi ho to nizcita hI hama bhI mahAmastakAbhiSeka ke phala se saphala ho sakate haiN|

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anekAnta 58/3-4 hameM AzA hai ki gata mahAmastakAbhiSekoM kI taraha isa mahAmastikAbhiSeka me zrIdeza-videza vizeSakara uttara bhArata ke hajAroM lAkhoM kI saMkhyA meM samAja ke strI-puruSa bhI sammilita hokara bhagavAn bAhubalI ke prati apanI zraddhA va bhakti vyakta kara vupabha lAbha leNgeN| hameM prasannatA hai ki bhArata ke mahAmahima rASTrapati DaoN. e.pI.je. abdula kalAma ne 22 janavarI 2006 ko svayaM upasthita hokara bhagavAn bAhubalI kI isa anupama pratimA ko rASTra kI ora se apane zraddhA sumana samarpita kiye| DaoN. kalAma zuddha zAkAhArI haiN| yaha hama sabhI kA saubhAgya hai ki deza ko aisA rASTrapati milaa| hama apane rASTrapati jI ke dharmamaya dIrgha jIvana kI kAmanA karate haiN| ___ 28 disambara 2005 se 1 janavarI 2006 taka zrIkSetra zravaNabelagolA meM sArasvata manISiyoM kA eka vizAla sammelana paramapUjya AcArya zrI vardhamAnasAgara jI mahArAja (sasaMgha), anya AcAryo, upAdhyAyazrI evaM muniyoM ke pAvana sAnnidhya meM tathA svastizrI bhaTTAraka cArukIrtijI ke kuzala netRtva meM sampanna ho cukA hai| isameM katipaya prathamadRSTa navyoM se lekara zatAdhika bahuzruta labdhapratiSTha vidvAn manISiyoM ne apanI sahabhAgitA se isakI garimA bddh'aaii| svastizrI bhaTTAraka jI vidvAnoM kI acchI vyavasthA ke lie satat vicArazIla rahe kintu AyojakoM kI kadAcit kisI viziSTa samasyA ke kAraNa samAgata vidvAn parezAniyoM kA anubhava karate rhe| hama AzA karate haiM ki bhaviSya ke Ayojana nirApada tathA aura adhika garimApUrNa hoNge| -jaya kumAra jaina

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bAhubalI pratimA kI pRSThabhUmi -lakSmIcandra saroja zravaNabelagolA ke bAhubalI jisa pratimA ne eka sahasra basanta, eka sahasra hemanta, eka sahasra grISma, eka sahasra zarada aura eka sahasra zizira kAla dekhe tathA madhyayuga meM sahasra jIvana-saMgharSa utthAna patana, sukha-dukha mUlaka parisara-pariveza dekhe, usa panIta pratimA ko AcArya nemIcandra 'siddhAnta cakravartI' ke sAnnidhya meM senApati aura amAtya cAmuNDarAya ne san 981 meM sthApita kiyA thA aura isa pAvana pratimA kA ikkIsavIM zatAbdI kA prathama mahAmastakAbhiSeka mahotsava 8 pharavarI 2006 se 19 pharavarI 2006 paryata antarrASTrIya stara para manAyA jA rahA hai| saMgharSa-AkramaNa-vigraha, saMskRti-janma-jIvana-maraNa dekhate aura lekhate hue mahAmAnava bhagavAn bAhubalI kI jIvanta pratimA adamya utsAhapUrvaka Aja bhI gaurava se mastaka unnata kie khar3I hai, apanI aitihAsikatA, pAvanatA, tapa-tyAga, vItarAgatA aura virATatA kI pratIka banI hai| jisa prakAra bAhubalI kI pratimA vAstu kalA meM apratima hai usI prakAra bAhubalI apane mAnavIya jIvana meM bhI apratima the| unakA bala, unakA bhoga, unakA dhyAna, unakA yoga unakI svatantratA, unakA svAbhimAna, unakA kevalajJAna, unakA mokSa-prasthAna unakA sArA jIvana hI apratima thaa| ve jaise pahale kAmadeva the vaise sarvaprathama mokSagAmI bhI the| vismaya kI bAta to yaha hai ki tIrthakara nahIM hokara bhI ve tIrthakara se pahale mokSa gye| ve apane pitA zrI RSabhadeva yA mahAprabhu AdinAtha, jo isa yuga ke sarvaprathama tIrthakara the, unase bhI pahale mokSa cale ge|

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anekAnta 58/3-4 bAhubalI meM kyA guNa the? prastuta prazna ke uttara meM yaha prazna pUchanA hI samucita samAdhAna kAraka hogA ki bAhubalI meM kyA-kyA guNa nahIM the? arthAt ve sabhI puruSocita sadguNoM se sampanna vyakti the| unake viSaya meM to yaha bhI janazruti hai ki pravrajyA ke uparAnta aura mokSa ke prasthAna taka unhoMne eka grAsa AhAra bhI grahaNa nahIM kiyaa| unakI advitIya kSamatA ko dekhakara lagatA hai ki jaise unameM sabhI mAnavoM kA sAhasa puMjIbhUta ho gayA ho| bAhubalI kA jIvana aura caritra yathAnAma, tathAguNa; kA kendrabindu hai| ___ bAhubalI kI pratimA ke viSaya meM suprasiddha mUrtikAra mUlacandra rAmacandra nAhaTA ne abhimata diyA-eka sahasra varSa se bhI adhika prAcIna pratimAyeM sahasroM kI saMkhyA meM Ajakala upalabdha haiM jinake darzana aura pUjana karane ke lie hama tIrtha kSetroM para jAte haiM parantu unameM vaha saundarya, vaha kalA nahIM hai, jo zravaNabelagolA ke bAhubalI kI pratimA meM hai| zilpakalA kI dRSTi meM yaha pratimA advitIya aura apratima, apratidvandI aura ajAtazatru hai| pratimA kI rUparekhA : maisUra saMsthAna ke cIpha kamizanara mi. boriMga ne svayaM mApakara pratimA kI U~cAI 57 phITa btlaaii| pratimA ke avayavoM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa sapramANa nimnalikhita hai pramANa phuTa iMca mITara caraNa se karNa ke adhobhAga taka karNa ke adhobhAga se mastaka taka caraNa kI lambAI caraNa kI agrabhAga kI caur3AI caraNa kA aMgUThA pAda-pRSTha ke Upara kI golAI 6 9 4 6 - 6 15.25 2.00 2.75 1.37 0.84 1.93

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anekAnta 58/3-4 - 6 3.05 7.47 6.01 3.96 5.18 jAMgha kI UparI AdhI golAI 10 nitamba se kAna taka ____ 24 rIr3ha kI asthi adhobhAga se karNa taka nAbhi ke nIce udara kI caur3AI kaTi aura TehunI se kAna taka bAhumUla se kAna taka 7 tarjanI u~galI kI lambAI 3 madhyamA u~galI kI lambAI 5 anAmikA kI lambAI 4 kaniSThakA kI lambAI 2 garadana ke nIce bhAga se kAna taka - 2.14 6 3 1.067 1.06 1.04 0.81 7 8 0.76 mUrti kI kula U~cAI 17.385 gommaTezvara dvAra kI bAI ora jo zilAlekha hai, vaha san 1090 kA hai, usame kannar3a kavi paM. voppaNa ne mUrti kI mahimA kA pratipAdaka eka kAvya likhA hai, jisakA hindI bhASA meM sarala anuvAda nimnalikhita hai jaba mUrti AkAra meM bahuta UMcI aura bar3I hotI hai taba usameM prAyaH saundarya kA abhAva rahatA hai| yadi mUrti bar3I huI aura saundarya bhI huA to usameM daivI camatkAra honA asambhava lagatA hai parantu gommaTezvara (kAmadeva aura cAmuNDarAya ke devatA) bAhubalI kI mUrti U~cI-bar3I sundara sAzcarya-camatkAriNI hai| dUsare zabdoM meM 57 phuTa UMcI hone se bar3I hai, saundarya meM advitIya hai aura daivI camatkAra-sampanna hai, ataeva yaha pratibimba-sampUrNa vizva ke vyaktiyoM dvArA darzanIya aura pUjanIya hai| isa tathya ko samajha kara hI zAyada karnATaka sarakAra ne zravaNabelagolA ko paryaTana-sthala bnaayaa|

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10 anekAnta 58/3-4 bAhubalI kI nirAvaraNatA : digambara jaina mUrtiyoM kI nirAvaraNatA ke rahasya ko jo loga nahIM samajhate haiM, ve nagnatA ke sAtha apanI azlIla bhAvanAyeM bhI jor3a lete haiN| zivavratalAla varmana sadRza anya loga bhI cAheM to digambara jaina maMdira meM jAkara 'chavi vItarAgI nagna mudrA dRSTi nAsA pai dharai' tulya pratimA ke darzana karake bhUla sudhAra sakate haiN| hindI vAGmaya ke suprasiddha sAhityakAra jainendrakumAra ke zabdoM meM sUrya satya to yaha hai ki manuSya jaba AtA hai taba vastra sAtha nahIM lAtA hai aura jaba jAtA hai taba bhI vastra sAtha nahIM le jAtA hai| vastroM kA upayoga janma se maraNa ke madhya sAmAjika jIvana ke lie hI hai| nirvikAra hone se sAdhajana nirvastra bhI raha sakate haiM isalie digambara sAdhuoM sadRza parama ha~sa aura mAdara jAta phakIra bhI hote rahe haiN| bhagavAn bAhabalI ne nirAvaraNa hokara, vastrAbhUSaNa tyAgI hokara punIta sAdhanA kI thI aura jaba bAhara sadRza bhItara se bhI nirAvaraNa rAga-dveSa rahita hue taba hI unheM kevalajJAna kI mahAmaNi milI aura mukti zrI bhii| unakI pratimA bhI eka sahasrAbdI se nirAvaraNa dhyAnastha vItarAga mudrA meM khar3I hai aura puruSoM ko hI nahIM balki pazu-pakSiyoM ko bhI divya zAnti kA sandeza de rahI hai| bAhubalI kI pratimA kI nirAvaraNatA se prabhAvita hokara aba to jainetara vidvAna bhI digambaratA ke prati dveSa bhAva ko chor3akara parama prIti ko prApta hone lage haiN| bhagavAn bAhubalI kI nirAvaraNatA ko lakSya kara bhArata ke suprasiddha sAhityakAra kAkA kAlelakara ne atIva marmasparzI hRdayodgAra vyakta kiye haiM, jo akSarazaH avikala mAnanIya haiM __ "sAMsArika ziSTAcAra meM phaMse hue hama mUrti kI ora dekhate hI socane lagate haiM ki yaha nagna hai| kyA nagnatA vAstava meM heya hai? atyanta azobhana hai? yadi aisA hotA to prakRti ko bhI isake lie lajjA aatii| phUla naMge rahate haiN| prakRti ke sAtha jinakI ekatA banI huI hai, ve zizu bhI naMge rahate haiN| unakI apanI nagnatA meM lajjA nahIM lgtii|"

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anekAnta 58/3-4 mUrti meM kucha bhI bIbhatsa jugupsita azobhana anucita lagatA hai, aisA kisI bhI darzaka manuSya kA anubhava nahIM hai| kAraNa nagnatA eka prAkRtika sthiti hai| manuSya ne vikAroM ko AtmasAta karate-karate apane mana ko itanA adhika vikRta kara liyA ki svabhAva se sundara nagnatA usase sahana nahIM hotii| doSa nagnatA kA nahIM kRtrima jIvana kA hai| bImAra manuSya ke Age phala, pauSTika meve yA sAtvika AhAra bhI svatantratA pUrvaka nahIM rakhA jA sktaa| doSa khAdya padArtha kA nahIM, bImAra kI bImArI kA hai| yadi hama nagnatA ko chipAte haiM to nagnatA ke doSa ke kAraNa nahIM balki apane mAnasika roga ke kaarnn| nagnatA chipAne meM nagnatA kI surakSA nahIM lajjA hI hai| jaise bAlaka ke sAmane narAdhama bhI zAnta pavitra ho jAtA hai vaise hI puNyAtmAoM-vItarAgoM ke sammukha manuSya bhI zAnta gambhIra ho jAtA hai| jahA~ bhavyatA aura divyatA hai vahA~ manuSya vinamra hokara zuddha ho jAtA hai| mUrtikAra cAhate to mAdhavI latA kI eka zAkhA ko liMga ke Upara se kamara taka le jAte aura nagnatA ko DhakanA asambhava nahIM hotA para taba to bAhubalI bhI svayaM apane jIvana-darzana ke prati vidroha karate pratIta hote| jaba nirAvaraNatA hI unheM pavitra karatI hai taba dUsarA AvaraNa unake lie kisa kAma kA hai? niSkarSa yaha nikalA ki nirvikAra zravaNa kI nagnatA nindA yogya nahIM hai balki vikAragrasta samAja kI azlIlatA mUlaka nagnatA hI atIva nindanIya hai, saMzodhana yogya hai| bAhubalI kI yoga sAdhanA : __ prathama muni aura prathama tIrthakara mahAprabhu AdinAtha ne chaha mAha ke lie pratimA-yoga dhAraNa kiyA thA para unake dvitIya putra bAhubalI ne eka varSa ke lie pratimAyoga svIkAra kiyaa| isake pahale bharata samrATa ne chaha khaNDa pRthvI jIta kara jo kIrti upArjita kI, jisase ve cakravartI kahalAe, aise bharatezvara

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anekAnta 58/3-4 kI vijayalakSmI daidIpyamAna cakramUrti ke bahAne bAhubali ke samIpa AI parantu bAhubali ne use tRNavata samajha kara chor3a diyaa| bharata ke cakra calAne kA kAraNa yaha thA ki bAhubalI dRSTiyuddha, jalayuddha, aura mallayuddha meM vijita ho cuke the aura unake cakra ne bAhubalI kA bAla bAMkA bhI nahIM kiyA thA / 12 bAhubalI yoga-sAdhanA meM lIna haiN| eka sthAna eka Asana para khar3e rahane kA niyama lie haiM / na AhAra hai na bihAra aura na nihAra, na nidrA hai aura na tandrA, kevala jJAna aura dhyAna hai / eka se adhika mAha yoM hI bIte / samIpa kA sthAna vana - vallariyoM se vyApta ho gayA, unake caraNoM ke samIpa sarpo ne vAmiyAM banA lIM / vAmiyoM se sarpoM ke bacce nikalate rahe, unake lambe-lambe keza kandhoM taka laTakate rahe, phUlI huI bAsantI latA apanI zAkhA rUpI bhujAoM se unakA AliMgana kara rahI hai / bAhubalI mahAn adhyAtma yogI haiM / inhoMne zarIra se AtmA ko pRthak samajha liyA hai| ye apanI AtmA ko ananta darzana, jJAna, sukha aura vIryamaya dekha rahe haiM / ananta guNoM ke puMjasvarUpa apanI AtmA kA zraddhAna, usI kA jJAna aura usI meM tanmayarUpa cAritra, yoM ye bhI nizcaya ratnatraya rUpa se pariNamana kara zuddhopayoga meM lIna ho rahe para kAlAntara meM kabhI utkRSTatama zubhopayogI bhI ho jAte haiM / inhoMne dhyAna aura tapazcaraNa ke bala se mati, zruta, avadhi aura mana:paryaya cAra jJAna prApta kara lie| cUMki ye tapasyAmUlaka zrama se aNu bhara bhI mana meM kheda khinna nahIM haiM ataeva Atmika AhlAda kI ujjavala jhalaka inake sumukha para hai / zarIra para latAyeM car3ha gaI / sarpo ne vAmiyAM banA lIM / virodhI vanacara prazAnta hokara vicaraNa karate rhe| bAhubalI sumeru sadRza sudRr3ha hI rahe aura niSkampa pratimA yoga dhAraNa kie haiM aura aba pUrNatayA kevalajJAnI ho gaye haiM isalie cakravartI bharata unakI prazaMsA kara rahe haiM " ApakI ekAgratA, ApakA dhairya dhanya hai / Apane AhArAdi sajJAoM sadRza krodhAdi cAra kaSAyoM ko hI nahIM jItA balki cAra ghAtiyA karmo

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anekAnta 58/3-4 ko bhI jIta liyA aura anantadarzana, jJAna, sukha aura vIrya ke dhanI ho ge|" svarga ke devatA aura martyaloka ke manuSya stuti kara rahe haiM " Apane jaisA dhyAna kiyA vaisA dhyAna bhalA kauna kara sakatA, dhyAna-cakravartI yogIzvara bAhubalI tRtIya kAla meM janme, jIvana jiyA, jIvanmukta huye aura mukti zrI kA varaNa bhI kiyA / " yadyapi bhagavAn bAhubalI tIrthakara nahIM the tathApi unakI pratimAe~, kArakala, mUr3habidrI, vAdAmi parvata saMgrahAlaya baMbaI, jUnAgar3ha khajurAho, lakhanaU, devagar3ha, tilaharI, phirojAbAda, hastinApura, elorA Adi meM haiN| yaha unake apratima tyAga aura adbhuta tapazcaraNa kA hI prabhAva hai jo Aja bhI unakI mUrti kI sthApanA se digambaratva gauravAnvita ho rahA hai / 13 mahAzramaNa gommaTezvara bAhubalI kI digambara mUrti yuga-yuga taka asaMkhya prANiyoM ko sukha aura zAnti, santoSa aura samRddhi bandhana aura mukti, bhoga aura yoga, svatantratA aura svAmibhAna kA sandeza detI rahegI aura sRSTi ko ziva kA mArga pradarzita karatI rahegI tathA atIta kI bhA~ti Aja bhI apane caritra aura cAritra ko punarAvalokana karane hetu preraNA detI hai 1 jaba taka sUrya aura candra prakAza dete haiM, saritAyeM bahatI haiM, sarovara laharAte haiM, samudra udvelita hote haiM taba taka bhAratIya saMskRti kI jvalanta udAharaNa jaisI gommaTezvara bAhubalI kI pratimA kA pUjana-arcanA karate huye bhaktajuna traividyadeva nemIcandra 'siddhAnta cakravartI' ke svara meM milA kara kahate raheMge parama digambara itibhIti se rahita vizuddhi bihArI / nAga samUhoM se AvRta phira bhI sthira mudrA dhArI / / nirbhaya nirvikalpa pratimAyogI kI chavi mana lAU~ / gomaTeza ke zrIcaraNoM meM bArambAra jhuka jAU~ / / -22, bajAjakhAnA, jAbarA (ma. pra. )

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anekAnta 58/3-4 vyaktiyoM ke mastiSka meM vastra rahita honA bhaddepana kA sUcaka ho sakatA hai, kiMtu nagnatA to bAlakoM jaisI nizchalatA aura pavitratA kA pratIka hai| vastra utArane meM vAsanA kI bU A sakatI hai kiMtu nagna rahanA pUrNa tyAga aura aparigraha kA dyotaka hai| pUrNa aparigraha (aMtaraMga aura bahiraMga) digambara jaina darzana, saMskRti tathA jIvana zailI kA pratibimba hai| kAyotsarga meM sthita gommaTeza bAhubalI kA yaha bimba dhyAnArUr3ha avasthA meM AtmAvalokana kI usa sthiti meM hai jahA~ unheM apane zarIra kA bhAna hI samApta ho gayA hai| beleM zarIra ke Upara car3ha gayI haiN| choTe-choTe jIva-jantuoM ne apane bila banA lie haiN| phira bhI bhagavAna aDiga, nizcala, zarIra se bAhara hone vAlI gatividhiyoM se anabhijJa AtmaciMtana meM sthita parama purUSArtha kI sAdhanA meM nimagna haiN| hindI ke suprasiddha upanyAsakAra zrI Ananda prakAza jaina ne to apane upanyAsa "tana se lipaTI bela" meM yahA~ taka kalpanA kara DAlI ki -bAhubalI ko artamana se samarpita vaijanyatI nareza kI putrI rAjanandinI ko jaise hI yaha patA lagA ki mahArAja bharata ko cakravartI pada dekara vijetA bAhubalI ne vairAgya le liyA hai, vaha bandhu bAndhavoM sabhI ko chor3akara pAgaloM kI taraha bhaTakatI huI bAhubalI taka jA pahuMcI jahA~ ve ekAgramudrA meM dhyAnAvasthita, sIdhe khar3e, A~kheM baMda kie muni sAdhanA meM lIna the| vaha unakI A~kheM khulane kI pratIkSA meM unake caraNoM meM Asana lagA kara baiTha gaI aura samaya ke sAtha-sAtha vaha bhI acala ho gii| upanyAsakAra likhate haiM : "oNdhiyAM AI, barasAteM AI, garamI se Asa-pAsa kA ghAsa-phUsa taka jhulasa gayA, na hI bAhubalI kA dhyAna TUTA aura nA hI rAjanaMdinI me kaMpana huaa| samaya ke prabhAva ne usake zarIra ko parivartita karake miTTI kA Dhera banA diyaa| usa para ghAsa-phUsa uga Ae, latAoM kA nirmANa huA aura koI cArA nA dekhakara ve latAe~ bAhubalI ke acala zarIra para lipaTa gii|" ___maisUra ke nikaTa zravaNabelagolA sthAna para sthita bAhubalI 'gommaTezvara' kI 57 phITa U~cI, vairAgya kI vaha sAkAra pASANa-pratimA Aja bhI

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anekAnta 58/3-4 vidyamAna hai, aura usa para lipaTI, apane prItama ke raMga meM raMga gaI ve pASANa latAe~ Aja bhI usa rAga aura vairAgya ke apUrva saMgharSa kA itihAsa kaha rahI haiN| kavivara mizrIlAla jI ne apane khaNDa kAvya 'gommaTezvara' meM bAhubalI kI pratimA ke apratima saundarya para mugdha hokara likhA hai : "prastara meM itanA saundarya samA sakatA hai, prANa prANa pulakita hoM patthara bhI aisA kyA gA sakatA hai?13 vAhubalI ke kAmadeva jaise sundara rUpa tathA sarva-parigraha rahita kaThora tapasyA kA bar3A mArmika citraNa kavi ne prastuta kiyA hai| "kAmadeva sA rUpa sAdhanA vItarAga kI do viruddha AyAma eka taTa para Thahare haiN| pratimA uttaramukhI hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai jaise ki bAhubalI kI ye mUrti AMtarika cakSuo se apane pitA aura tIrthakara, Adi brahmA, mahAdeva zivazaMkara bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI nirvANa sthalI kailAza parvata kI ora nihAra rahI ho| saMsAra ke pratiSThita itihAsavido purAtatvavettAoM, vidvAnoM, kalAkAroM va kalAmarmajJoM sabhI ne, jinheM bhI mUrti ke darzanoM kA saubhAgya prApta huA, eka hI svara se mUrti ke advitIya hone kI anuzaMsA kI hai| kucha vidvAnoM ke vicAra nIce diye jA rahe haiN| "Ius the biggest monolithic statue in the world-larger than any of the statues of Rameses in Egypt . . ."

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anekAnta 58/3-4 ___arthAta eka hI pASANa khaMDa se banA yaha saMsAra kA sabase vizAla bimba hai jo mizra kI remesija kI mUrtiyoM se bhI bar3A hai| eca. jimara kA mata hai : "It is human in shape and feature, yet as inhuman as an icicle, and thus expresses perfectly the idea of successful withdrawal from the round of life and death, personal, cares, individual destuny, desires, sufferings and events......like a pillar of some superterrestirial unearthly substance......stands superbly motionless."6 arthAta yaha mUrti AkRti aura nAka-nakza meM mAnavIya hai aura adhara meM laTakatI himazilA kI bhA~ti mAnavettara hai| janma maraNa ke cakra, jIvana kI niyati, cintAoM, kAmanAoM, pIr3AoM, ghaTanAoM se pUrNatayA mukta-bhAvoM ko sapUrNatA ke sAtha abhivyakta karatI hai| apArthiva aura alaukika stambha kI taraha acala aura aDiga khar3I hai| vinseTa smitha ke anusAra : "Undoubtedly the most remarkable of Jaina statues and the largest free standing statue in Asia...set on the top of an eminence is visible for miles round."] arthAta nissandeha hI yaha ati viziSTa aura asAdhAraNa jaina mUrti eziyA kI nirAdhAra khar3I vizAlatama pratimA hai, jo parvata ke uccatama zikhara para sthita cAroM ora mIloM dUra se dekhI jA sakatI hai| vAlahAusa kA mata hai : Truly Egyptian in size, and unrivalled throughtout India as detached work....Nude, cut from a single mass of granite, darkened by the monsoons of centuries, the vast statue stands upright....n a posture of somewhat stiff but simple dignity."8 arthAta vastutaH AkAra meM mizra kI mUrtiyoM jaisI, samasta bhArata meM advitIya evaM anupama, nirlipta, nagna grenAiTa kI eka hI caTTAna se

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anekAnta 58/3-4 tarAzI gaI, zatAbdiyoM se mAnasUna ke thaper3e sahana karatI huI bAhubalI kI yaha vizAla pratimA apanI sAdagIpUrNa bhavyatA ke sAtha kAyotsarga mudrA meM acala khar3I hai / 19 mahAn vidvAna phargyUsana ne mUrti ke viSaya meM nimna vicAra vyakta kiye haiM : "Nothing more grander or more inposing exists anywhere out of Egypt, and even there no known statue surpasses it in height 19 arthAta mizra se bAhara saMsAra meM kahIM bhI isase adhika bhavya aura anupama mUrti nahIM hai aura vahA~ bhI koI bhI jJAta mUrti U~cAI meM isake samakakSa nahIM hai / kavi boppaNa ne lagabhaga 1180 I. meM mUrti ke kalA saundarya para mugdha hokara apane kAvya meM likhA hai : atitaMgAkRtiyA doDAgadada rolsaundyaryamaunnatyamuM nutasaundaryamubhAge mattatizaMyatAnAga daunnatyumuM nutasaundaryamumUjjitAtizayamuM tannalli nindidarduveM kSitisampUjyamo gomTezvara jinazrI rUpamAtmopamaM / / arthAt "yadi koI mUrti ati unnata (vizAla) ho, to Avazyaka nahIM vaha sundara bhI ho / yadi vizAlatA aura sundaratA donoM hoM, to Avazyaka nahIM usameM atizaya ( daivika prabhAva ) bhI ho| lekina gommaTezvara kI isa mUrti meM tInoM kA sammizraNa hone se chaTA apUrva ho gaI hai|" isI abhilekha meM likhA hai pakSI bhUlakara bhI isa mUrti ke Upara nahIM ur3ate / yaha bhI isakI divyatA kA pramANa hai / maisUra ke tatkAlIna nareza kRSNarAja voDeyara ne kahA thA, "jisa prakAra bharata ke sAmrAjya ke rUpa meM bhArata vidyamAna hai usI prakAra maisUra kI bhUmi gommaTezvara bAhubalI ke AdhyAtmika sAmrAjya kI pratIka rUpa hai / "

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anekAnta 58/3-4 bhArata ke prathama rASTrapati DaoN. rAjendra prasAda, pradhAnamaMtrI javAhara lAla neharU, kAkA kAlelakara tathA DaoN. AnandakumAra svAmI, zeSagirirAva, zrI ela.ke. zrInivAsana, pro. gaurAvAlA jaise kalA vizeSajJoM ne bhI mUrti ke apUrva saundarya kI prazaMsA kI hai| mUrti kA nirmANa kisane kiyA? ___ mUrti kA nirmANa gaMgavaMzIya nareza rAcamalla caturtha ke senApati evaM pradhAnamaMtrI vIra cAmuNDarAya dvarA sampanna huaa|'' kahA jAtA hai ki cAmuNDarAya kI mAtA kAlikA devI ne jainAcArya ajitasena se AdipurANa kA yaha vRtAMta sunakara ki podanapura meM samrATa bharata dvArA sthApita bhagavAn bAhubalI kI panne kI 525 dhanuSapramANa U~cI mUrti hai, darzana karane kI icchA vyakta kii| cAmuNDarAya apane dharma guru AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI, apanI mAtA eva patnI ke sAtha yAtrA para nikala pdd'e| jaba ve mArga meM zravaNabelagola ke candragiri parvata para Thahare to rAtrI meM vahA~ kSetra kI zAsana devI kuSmAMDinI devI ne svapna meM Akara unheM pRthak-pRthak batAyA ki kukkuTa sarpo dvArA AcchAdita tathA samaya ke prabhAva se vilupta hone ke kAraNa usa mUrti ke darzana saMbhava nahI ho skeNge| kiMtu yadi cAmuNDarAya vahIM se sAmane kI pahAr3I indragirI para bhaktibhAvanA se tIra chor3eM to vaisI hI mUrti ke darzana usa pahAr3I para hoNge| guru kI AjJA se cAmuNDarAya ne tIra chodd'aa| kahate haiM ki camatkAra huaa| patthara kI parate TUTa kara girI aura mUrti kA mastaka bhAga spaSTa ho gyaa| jisa sthAna se cAmuNDarAya ne yaha tIra chor3A thA use 'cAmuNDarAya caTTAna' ke nAma se prasiddhi prApta hai| isa mAnyatA meM kalpanA kA kitanA puTa hai yaha to nahIM kahA jA sakatA, kiMtu yaha tathya nirvivAda hai ki cAmuNDarAya ucca koTi ke jinendra bhakta va mAtabhakta the aura unake mana meM bhagavAna bAhubalI kI eka anupama mUrti nirmita karAne kI tIvra abhilASA thii| aura unhoMne guru ke Adeza

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anekAnta 58/3-4 se rAjya zilpI ariSTanemI dvArA mUrti kA nirmANa kraayaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki unake dvArA jina dharma kI prabhAvanA ke kAraNa sarvasaMgha ne cAmuNDarAya ko 'samyaktva - ratnAkara', 'satya- yuddhiSThara', 'devarAja' tathA 'zaucAbharaNa' jaisI upAdhiyoM se alaMkRta kiyA thA / usa samaya ke sarvotkRSTa zAsakoM ne bhI unheM unakI vijayopalabdhiyoM para samaya-samaya para 'samara dhuraMdhara', 'vIra - mArtaNDa', 'raNa-raga-siMha', 'bairikula- kAladaNDa', 'bhujavikrama', 'samarakezarI', 'pratipakSarAkSasa', 'subhaTa cUr3AmaNi' 'samara - parasurAma' tathA 'rAya' ityAdi upAdhiyoM se vibhUSita kiyA thaa| 21 mUrti pratiSThA : cAmuNDarAya ne mUrti kA nirmANa aura sthApanA karAI, isameM to koI saMdeha nahIM, kiMtu sthApanA kaba, kisa tithi ko huI isa bAre me vidvAnoM meM gaMbhIra matabheda rahe haiM / yaha viSaya svatantra vivecana kI apekSA rakhatA hai| yahAeN itanA hI jAnanA paryApta hai ki lagabhaga sabhI vidvAnoM ne kAphI vicAra vimarza ke bAda tathA 'bAhubalI carita' meM die hue nakSatrIya saMketo ko bhI dhyAna meM rakhate hue zravaNabelagola meM mUrti kI pratiSThA ke lie 13 mArca, 981 A.D. ko sarvAdhika anukUla mAnA hai| isI ke AdhAra para san 1981 meM sahasrAbdi mahAmastakAbhiSeka sampanna huA thaa| taba se yahI samaya prAmANika mAnA jA rahA hai / belagola se zravaNabelagola : zravaNabelagola kA 'zravaNa' zabda spaSTa rUpa se 'zramaNa' bhagavAn bAhubalI (jo svayaM mahAzramaNa the) ke sAtha sambandhita hai / eka mahattvapUrNa zilAlekha (na. 31 ) meM yaha ullekha hai ki jaina dharma kI prabhAvanA usa nagara meM usI samaya se ho gaI thI jaba AcArya bhadrabAhu apane ziSya samrATa candragupta ke sAtha vahA~ pahu~ce the| jaina dharma kA prabhAva kucha samaya ke lie avazya kama huA kintu use muni zAntisena ne punarjIvita kiyA / (650

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anekAnta 58/3-4 A.D.) / kannar3a meM 'bela' aura 'gola' zabdoM kA artha hai 'zveta sarovara' athavA 'dhavala sarovara / / nagara ke madhya kA kalyANI tAlAba mUla 'zveta sarovara' kI jagaha sthita mAnA jAtA hai| isa zilAlekha meM kevala 'belagola' zabda kA ullekha hai 'zravaNabelagola' kA nahIM ataH nagara kA nAma 'zravaNabelagola' avazya hI zramaNa bhagavAn bAhubalI kI pratimA kI sthApanA ke bAda hI prasiddha huA hai| 7 nar mUrti kA nAma gomaTezvara kyoM? kucha vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki 'gomaTa' cAmuNDarAya kA pyAra kA nAma thaa| yahA~ taka kI AcArya zrI nemicandra cAmuNDarAya kI jinendra bhakti se itane prabhAvita hue the ki unhoMne apane dvArA racita pA~ca siddhAnta graMthoM meM se do 'karmakANDa' aura 'jIvakANDa' kA nAma milAkara 'gomaTasAra' rakha diyA thaa| jaba cAmuNDarAya dvArA bAhubalI kI pratimA kA nirmANa karAyA gayA to logoM ne unheM gomaTezvara arthAt gomaTa (cAmuNDarAya) ke Izvara, gommaTa ke bhagavAna ke nAma se pukAranA prArambha kara diyaa| ataH inakA nAma gomaTanAtha, gommaTa svAmI, gommaTa jina va gommaTezvara prasiddha ho gyaa| DaoN. e. una upAdhyAya kA mata hai ki 'gommaTa' zabda kA prAkRta aura saMskRta se kucha lenA denA nahIM hai| yaha sthAnIya bhASA kA zabda hai jo kannar3a, telagU, koMkaNI tathA marAThI bhASA meM milatA hai jisakA artha hotA hai 'zreSTha', 'utkRSTha', 'acchA', 'sundara', 'upkaarii'| unake anusAra yaha cAmuNDarAya ke saMdarbha meM hI prayoga huA lagatA hai| uparokta mata nimna kAraNoM se tarka saMgata pratIta nahIM hotaa| (a) isa mUrti kI sthApanA ke pUrva aura pazcAt bhI dakSiNa meM gommaTezvara kI vizAlakAya mUrtiyA~ nirmita huI-I.san 650 meM vIjApura ke bAdAmI meM; maisUra ke samIpa gommaTa girI meM 18 phITa U~cI 14vIM sadI meM; hosakoTe halallI meM 14 phITa U~cI; kArakala meM san 1432

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23 anekAnta 58/3-4 meM 41.5 phITa U~cI; veNUra meM san 1604 I. meM 35 phITa uuNcii| ye mUrtiyA~ bhI 'gommaTa', 'gummaTa' athavA 'gommaTezvara' kahalAtI haiM jinakA nirmANa cAmuNDarAya ne nahIM kraayaa| (b) cAmuNDarAya ke Azraya meM rahe kavi ranna ne apane 'ajitapurANa' (993 I.) meM gommaTa nAma se kahIM bhI unakA ullekha nahIM kiyA (c) kavi doDDaya ne apane saMskRta graMtha 'bhujavali zataka' san (1550) meM cAmuNDarAya dvArA mUrti kA prakaTIkaraNa karane kA varNana karate hue kahIM bhI unakA nAma 'gommaTa' ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| (d) mUrti ke nirmANa se 12 zatAbdI taka mUrti ko 'kukuTezvara' 'kukuTa-jina' yA 'dakSiNa kukuTa jina' ke nAma se jAnA jAtA thA kyoMki yaha mAnyatA thI ki uttara bhArata kI bharata dvArA sthApita mUrti kukkuTa sarpo dvArA Dhaka dI gaI hai| nemIcandra AcArya ne bhI inhIM nAmoM se mUrti ko saMbodhita kiyA hai| (e) svayaM cAmuNDarAya ne mUrti ke pAdamUla meM aMkita uparokta varNita tInoM abhilekhoM meM kahIM bhI apane ko 'gommaTa' nahIM likhA hai| 'zrI cAmuNDarAya karaviyale' Adi likhA gayA hai| (1) zravaNabelagola ke zilAlekhoM meM jahA~ gommaTa nAma kA ullekha hai ___ (No. 733 and No. 125) unameM mUrti ko 'gommaTadeva' aura cAmuNDarAya ko 'rAya' kahA gayA hai| (g) zrI ema. goviMda pAI kA bhI yahI abhimata hai| ki bAhubalI kA hI apara nAma 'gommaTa' 'gummaTa' thaa| paM. ke.vI. zAstrI ne 'gommaTa' zabda kI vyutapatti karate hue isakA artha 'mohaka' pratipAdita kiyA hai| kAtyAyana kI 'prAkRta maMjarI' ke anusAra saMskRta kA 'manmatha', prAkRta meM 'gummaha' aura kannar3a meM 'gammaTa' ho jAtA hai| koMkaNI bhASA kA 'gomeTo' saMskRta ke 'manmatha' kA

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anekAnta 58/3-4 hI rUpAntara hai| gommaTa saMskRta ke 'manmatha' zabda kA hI tadbhava rUpa hai aura yaha kAmadeva kA dyotaka hai| aba prazna uThatA hai ki bAbalI kyA kAmadeva kahalAte the? yaha satya hai| jaina dharmAnusAra bAhubalI isa yuga ke prathama kAmadeva the| 'tiloyapaNNattI' adhikAra-4 me likhA hai ki caubIsa tIrthakaroM ke samaya meM mahAn, suMdara, pramukha cauvIsa kAmadeva hote hai| ina kAmadevoM meM vAhavalI prathama kAmadeva the| ataH inheM gommaTezvara meM (kAmadevoM meM pramukha) kahate haiN| ve sarvArtha siddhi kI ahamindra paryAya se calakara Ae the| carama zarIrI aura 525 dhanuSa kI unnata kAya ke dhArI the| (h) bhagavAn vAhabalI ne siddhatva prApta kiyA thaa| laukika vyavahAra meM bhI arihaMto, siddhoM, tIrthakaroM ke nAma para vyaktiyoM ke nAma rakhe jAte hai, nA ki dehadhArI sasAriyoM ke nAma para siddhoM yA arihaMtoM ke| ata. ye samajhanA tarka sagata nahI ki bAhubalI kI divya pratimA kA nAma cAmuNDarAya ke apara-nAma 'gomaTa' ke kAraNa 'gommaTezvara' pdd'aa| parantu ye adhika tarka saMgata hai ki 'gommaTezvara bAhubalI' kI sthApanA ke kAraNa logoM ne cAmuNDarAya ko prema se 'gomaTa' athavA 'gommaTa' pukAranA prArambha kiyA hai| bAhubalI kA svayaM kA nAma hI gommaTezvara thA inameM koI saMdeha pratIta nahIM hotaa| bAhubalI kauna the : bAhubalI prathama jaina tIrthakara AdinAtha (RSabhadeva jina) ke putra bharata jinake nAma para isa deza kA nAma 'bhAratavarSa' par3A" ke laghu bhrAtA the| RSabha deva kA vivAha kaccha aura mahAkaccha rAjA kI rAjakamAriyoM yazasvatI aura sunandA ke sAtha huA thaa| 'mahApurANa' meM yazasvatI aura sunaMdA ye do rAniyA~ batAI haiN| 'paumacariu' aura zve. graMthoM meM sumaMgalA

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anekAnta 58/3-4 aura nandA nAma die haiN| 'padma purANa' parva 20 zloka 124 meM bharata kI mAtA kA nAma yazovatI bhI likhA hai| yazasvatI se bharatAdi eka sau putra aura putrI brAhmI evaM sunaMdA se eka putra bAhubalI aura sundarI nAma kI kanyA ne janma liyA thaa| eka dina nRtyAgaMnA nIlAjaMnA kI nRtya karate hue Akasmika mRtyu ho jAne para jIvana kI kSaNabhaMguratA dekha mahArAja RSabhadeva ko vairAgya ho gyaa| unhoMne yuvarAja bharata ko uttarAkhaNDa (ayodhyA-uttara bhArata) kA aura rAjakumAra vAhubalI ko (podanapura-dakSiNa patha) kA zAsana sauMpa muni dIkSA dhAraNa kara lii| isa bAre meM vidvAnoM meM mataikya nahIM hai| kucha vidvAnoM ke anusAra podanapura takSazilA (uttara bhArata) ke pAsa hI sthita thA, yA takSazilA kA hI dUsarA nAma thA, jo vartamAna meM pAkistAna meM hai| 'mahApurANa', 'padmapurANa', 'harivaMzapurANa' meM 'podanapura' likhA hai kintu 'paumacariya' meM 'takSazilA' likhA hai| AcArya hemacandra kA bhI yahI mata hai| kiMtu AcArya guNabhadra ke anusAra podanapura dakSiNa bhArata kA hissA thaa| bauddha sAhitya se bhI isI vicAra kI puSTi hotI hai ki podanapura (podana, posana, potalI) godAvArI ke kinAre sthita thaa|20 pANinI kA bhI yahI mata pratIta hotA hai| DaoN. hemacandrarAya caudharI bodhanA ko mahAbhArata ke podanA aura bauddha sAhitya ke potanA se sambaMdhita samajhate hai| yadi hama ye mAna leM ki podanapura dakSiNa bhArata meM sthita thA to Andhra pradeza ke niz2AmAbAda jile meM sthita 'bodhanA' nagara ko podanapura svIkAra karanA adhika tarka saMgata hogaa| kavi pampA ke 'bharatakAvya', vemalavAda (Vemulvad) stambha para khudA lekha tathA paravanI tAmra lekha bhI isI vicAra kI puSTi karate haiN| yaha nagara rASTrakUTa rAjA indravallabha kI rAjadhAnI bhI thaa| yaha vicAra bhI adhika taka saMgata pratIta hotA hai ki eka bhAI ko uttara bhArata kA tathA dUsare bhAI ko dakSiNa bhArata kA rAjya diyA gyaa| bAhuvalI atyanta parAkramI aura bAhubala se yukta the| jinasenAcArya 'mahApurANa' ke parva 16 meM bAhubalI ke nAma kI sArthakatA siddha karate hue kahate haiM :

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26 anekAnta 58/3-4 bAhu tasya mahAbAhoradhAtAM balamarjitam / yato bAhubalItyAsIt nAmAsya mahasAM nidheH|| lambI bhujAvAle tejasvI una bAhubalI kI donoM bhujAe~ utkRSTa bala ko dhAraNa karatI thiiN| isIlie unakA 'bAhubalI' nAma sArthaka thaa| atyanta parAkramI hone ke kAraNa 'bhujabalI', 'dorabalI', evaM sunandA se utpanna hone ke kAraNa ve 'saunandI' nAma se bhI jAne jAte the| ve vIra aura udAra hRdaya the| adhika kI unheM lAlasA nahIM thii| rAjyoM para vijaya prApta karane kI unakI mahattvAkAMkSA nahIM thii| ve viziSTa saMyamI the| zaraNAgata kI rakSA ke lie, anyAya ke pratikAra ke lie hI agraja bharata ke prati asIma Adara rakhate hue bhI unhoMne unake zatru bajravAhU ko apane yahA~ zaraNa dI thii| apane pitA dvArA die rAjya se ve saMtuSTa the| bharata ne siMhAsanArUr3ha hokara digvijaya kI dundubhi bajA dI aura cakravartI samrATa kA virada prApta kiyaa| sabhI rAjAoM ne unakI AdhInatA svIkAra kara lii| unake svatantratA premI bhAIyoM ne saMnyAsa dhAraNa kara liyaa| kintu jaba ve digvijaya se lauTe to unake cakraratna ne AyudhazAlA meM praveza nahIM kiyaa| kAraNa khojane para patA lagA ki unake anuja bAhubalI ne unakA svAmitva svIkAra nahIM kiyA thaa| dUta bhejA gyaa| bAhubalI ne spaSTa kiyA ki bhAI ke rUpa meM ve bar3e bhAI bharata ke samakSa zIza jhukAne ko sadaiva tatpara haiM kintu rAjA ke rUpa meM ve svataMtra zAsaka haiM, unakA zIza kisI rAjA ke samakSa nahIM jhuka sktaa| yaha eka rAjA ko apane sammAna, apanI svatantratA, nyAya ke pakSa tathA vistAravAdI nIti ke viruddha cunautI thii| pariNAma svarUpa yuddha kI ghoSaNA huii| senAyeM Amane-sAmane A ddttiiN| 'paumacariu'22 tathA 'Avazyaka cUrNI ke anusAra bAhabalI ne svayaM ye prastAva rakhA ki yaddha meM senAoM kI vyartha kI barbAdI ko rokA jAe aura donoM bhAI dvanda ke dvArA jaya parAjaya kA nirNaya kreN| yaha eka ahiMsaka nirNaya thaa| bAhubalI yuddha kI vibhISikA se paricita the| senAoM kI unake kAraNa vyartha kSati ho, aisA ve nahIM cAhate the|

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anekAnta 58/3-4 27 RSabha kI saMtAnoM kI paramparA hiMsA kI nahIM thii| bharata ne yaha prastAva svIkAra kara liyaa| tIna prakAra kI pratiyogitAe~ nizcita kI gaI-dRSTi yuddha, malla yuddha aura jala yuddha / 24 'paumacariu' meM kevala do-dRSTi yuddha aura muSTi yuddha (malla yuddha) kA hI ullekha hai| anya eka graMtha meM 'vAka-yuddha' aura 'danDa yuddha' ko milAkara paoNca prakAra ke yuddhoM kA samAveza varNana kiyA hai| niSkarSa hai ki jaya parAjaya kA nirNaya donoM bhAIyoM ke bIca huA jisameM senAoM ne bhAga nahIM liyaa| ina sabhI yuddhoM meM bAhubalI vijayI rhe| apamAnita hokara krodha ke vazIbhUta bharata ne bAhubalI para amogha cakra se prahAra kiyaa|6 kivaMdatI hai ki cakra ne bhAI ko kSati nahIM phuNcaaii| vaha bAhubalI kI tIna pradakSiNA kara vApasa lauTa aayaa| ghaTanA kisI bhI prakAra ghaTI ho, niSkarSa yahI nikalatA hai ki bAhubalI cakra ke prahAra se baca gae jisase bharata ko aura bhI adhika apamAna mahasUsa huaa| dIkSA : bharata ke isa krUra, anItipUrNa kRtya se bAhubalI kA hRdaya glAni se bhara utthaa| vyakti kI mahattvAkAkSAyeM usase kyA nahIM karA sakatI isa vicAra se ve sahama ge| sasAra kI kSaNabhaMguratA kA dRzya unakI A~khoM ke sAmane nAcane lgaa| unhoMne tatkAla saba kacha bhAI bharata ko sauMpa vairAgya dhAraNa kara liyaa|7 uparokta kathAnaka meM ghaTanAoM kA atyaMta manovaijJAnika citraNa hai| kauna vyakti kisa sthiti meM kisa taraha kA nirNaya legA isakA anumAna lagAnA kitanA kaThina hai| isa manaHsthiti kA citraNa isa kathAnaka se spaSTa hotA hai| bAhubalI ne vijaya prApta karane ke bAda bhI apanI bhAvanA ke ratha ko usI dizA meM mor3a diyA jisa dizA meM unake pitA Adi tIrthakara RSabhadeva gae the| jinasena AcArya ke anusAra bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke caraNoM meM hI unhoMne dIkSA grahaNa kii|28 phira dIkSA grahaNa kara ] varSa kA pratimAyoga dhAraNa kiyaa|29 "bharateza mujhase

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anekAnta 58/3-4 saMkleza ko prApta hue haiM", ye vicAra bAhubalI ke kevalajJAna meM bAdhaka ho rahe the| bharata ke dvArA bAhubalI kI pUjA karate hI ye bAdhA dUra ho gaI, hRdaya pavitra huA aura kevalajJAna prApta ho gayA / bharata ne do bAra pUjA kii| kevalajJAna se pahale kI pUjA apanA aparAdha naSTa karane ke lie tathA bAda kI pUjA kevalajJAna kI utpatti kA anubhava karane ke lie kI thI 30 28 prAkRta ke kucha granthoM meM ullekha hai ki bAhubalI RSabhadeva ke pAsa dIkSA lene nahIM gaye / usakA kAraNa yaha batAyA jAtA hai ki unheM apane anujoM ko bhI vinaya karanA par3atA, jo pahale hI dIkSita ho cuke the / " 'paumacariya' va 'padmapurANa' meM bhI bAhubalI kA bhagavAn se dIkSA lene kA kathana nahIM hai| unhoMne saMkalpa kiyA thA ki ve RSabhadeva kI sabhA meM kevalajJAna prApta karane ke uparAMta hI jaaeNge| unhoMne svayaM hI dIkSA lI ora 1 varSa kA kAyotsarga dhAraNa kiyaa| 32 yaha mAna kaSAya unake kevalajJAna kI upalabdhi meM bAdhaka banA huA thA / jaba brAhmI ne Akara bAhubalI se kahA ki "tuma kaba taka mAna ke hAthI para car3he rhoge| tuma apane anujoM kI nahIM, unake guNoM kI vinaya kara rahe ho / "33 apanI galatI ko mAna jaise hI bAhubalI jAne ko udyata hue unheM kevalajJAna kI prApti ho gaI / 'harivaMzapurANa' ke anusAra to bAhubalI kevalajJAna ke bAda hI bhagavAn kI sabhA meM ge| jaina purANoM meM eka aura kathA AtI hai ki bAhubalI ke mana meM zalya thA ki ve bharata kI bhUmi para khar3e haiN| jaise hI bharata ne unase isa zalya ko yaha kaha kara tyAgane kI prArthanA kI ki anekoM cakravartI Aye aura gae, yaha pRthvI kisakI huI hai, unakA zalya dUra ho gayA aura unheM kevalajJAna kI prApti ho gii| bAhubalI ko zalya thA, ye vicAra tarka saMgata pratIta nahIM hotA / AcArya jinasena ke anusAra bAhubalI ko sabhI prakAra kI RddhiyA~ prApta ho gaI thI aura ve atyanta nizalya the / "gauravaistribhirunmuktaH parAM niHzalyatAMgataH" / " AcArya umAsvAmI ne bhI ' tatvArtha sUtra' meM kahA hai ki

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anekAnta 58/3-4 29 "niHzalyovratI" arthAt jo mAyA, mithyAtva va nidAna tInoM zalyo se rahita hai vahI vratI hotA hai| aura yadi bAhubalI jaise parama tapasvI, pratimA yoga ke dhAraka, sakala bhogoM kA tyAga karane vAle digambara mahAmuni ko bhI zalya mAna liyA jAe to ve mahAvratI kaise ho sakate haiN| 'padmapurANa' meM bhI AcArya raviSeNa ne bAhubalI ke zalya kA varNana nahIM kiyA hai| zalya kI kathA purANoM meM saMbhavataH isa vicAra ko pramukhatA dene ke lie jor3a dI gaI ki kisI bhI prakAra kA 'mAna kaSAya' vyakti kI Atmopalabdhi meM bAdhaka hotA hai cAhe vaha tapa ke kitane hI U~ce zikhara para kyoM na baiThA ho / bAhubalI kI mUrtiyA~ kyoM? __ jaina paramparA meM kevala tIrthakaroM kI mUrtiyA~ hI pratiSThApita kI jAtI haiN| bAhubalI svayaM tIrthakara nahIM the phira bhI samasta bhArata meM unakI mUrtiyA~ sthApita kI gii| isakA mukhya kAraNa yaha hai ki ve isa avasarpiNI kAla ke prathama tIrthakara bhagavAn RSabhadeva se bhI pUrva mokSa jAne vAle jIva the| unhoMne eka varSa kI ghora tapasyA kara kaivalya prApta kiyA thaa| unhoMne laukika aura pAralaukika jIvana ke lie utkRSTa udAharaNa prastuta kiye the| laukika stara para unhoMne satya, nyAya, svAdhInatA, ahiMsA aura AtmasammAna ke lie saMgharSa kiyaa| yuddha kI vibhiSikA ko jAnate hue, nara saMhAra ko rokane kA prayatna kiyaa| ahiMsA aura prema kA pATha pddh'aayaa| tyAga kA anUThA Adarza prastuta kiyaa| vijetA hokara bhI sAMsArika sukhoM ko tilAjaMlI de dI aura saMsAra kI svArthaparAyaNatA, kSaNabhaMguratA aura nissAratA ko jAnakara durdhara tapa ke rAste ko apnaayaa| kaThina tapazcaryA meM bhI unhoMne asAdhAraNa evaM sarvazreSTha udAharaNa prastuta kiyaa| eka varSa ke pratimA yoga meM zarIra rahate hue bhI unakA zarIra ke duHkha-sakha se sambandha TUTa gyaa| ve svataMtratA aura svAdhInatA kA paryAya bana gye| saMsAra meM rahate hue svAdhIna rahanA aura saMsAra ko tyAgakara apane puruSArtha se parama svAdhInatA (mukti) prApta karanA hI unakA caritra hai| itihAsa sAkSI hai

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30 anekAnta 58/3-4 saMsAra unhIM ko pUjatA hai jo tyAga karate haiN| rAmacandra apane tyAga aura maryAdAoM ke kAraNa 'maryAdA purUSottama' khlaaye| rAvaNa bhI vIra, balI aura vidvAna thA, kintu apanI anIti ke kAraNa khalanAyaka khlaayaa| kRSNa ne kaMsa jaisI AsurI zaktiyoM ko naSTa kiyA isalie pratiSThA prApta kii| bAhubalI apane utkRSTa AdarzoM ke kAraNa mAnava se mahAmAnava tathA apanI durdhara tapazcaryA ke kAraNa mahAmAnava se bhagavAn ke pada para pratiSThita ho ge| usa samaya ke cakravartI samrATa bharata ne bhI unakA pUjana kiyaa| svAbhAvika hai ki jainoM ne pUjanArtha unakI mUrtiyA~ sthApita kii| bhagavAn bAhubalI kI yaha atyaMta mohaka vizAla, nizcala, dhyAnastha, parama digambara pratimA ahiMsA, satya, tapa, vItarAgatA kA pratIka hai| yaha rAga se virAga kI yAtrA kA darpaNa hai| nivarti mUlaka jaina paramparA kA stambha hai| pUrNa Atma-niyaMtraNa kI dyotaka hai| zraddhApUrvaka ekAgratA se mUrti kA avalokana cetanA kA urdhvArohaNa karane meM samartha hai| 6 pharavarI 2006 ko bhagavAn bAhabalI kA 21vIM zatAbdI kA prathama mahAmastakAbhiSeka ho rahA hai| bhArata sarakAra ne zravaNabelagola ko rela yAtAyAta se jor3ane kI ghoSaNA kI hai| isa ghoSaNA kI upayogitA tabhI sArthaka ho sakatI hai jabaki zravaNabelagola deza ke pramukha mahAnagaroM se Ane-jAne vAlI makhya relagAr3iyoM se ArakSaNa suvidhA sahita jor3A jA ske| Aja pUrA vizva eka vaizvika grAma ke rUpa meM parivartita ho rahA hai| isa mUrti meM aisA karizmA hai ki yadi isa nagara ko rASTrIya paryaTaka kendra ke rUpa meM vikasita kiyA jAe aura yahA~ sIdhI havAI sevAyeM athavA baiMgalara se helikopTara sevAyeM pradAna kI jAe~ to bhArata akalpanIya videzI mudrA arjita kara sakatA hai| yadi ucita prakriyA apanAte hue jaina samAja athavA bhArata sarakAra, mUrti ko vizva ke adbhuta AzcaryoM meM sammalita karAne kA prayAsa kare to isameM avazya saphalatA prApta hogI jo deza ke lie eka mahAn upalabdhi hogii| yaha mUrti deza kI amUlya sAMskRtika dharohara hai| jaisa pahale bhI kahA jA cukA hai, yaha khule AkAza meM 1 hajAra varSoM se bhI adhika samaya

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anekAnta 58/3-4 se prakRti ke thaper3e sahana kara aDiga khar3I hai, yaha hamArA parama karttavya aura dharma banatA hai ki hama mUrti kI pUrNa surakSA aura saMrakSaNa kA yuddha stara para prabaMdha kreN| vizeSajJoM se parAmarza kara mUrti ke cAroM ora yadi sambhava ho to abhedI zIze kA yA kisI anya pAradarzI vastu kA parakoTA banAyA jAe jisase ki varSA, dhUpa, tUphAna ityAdi se isakI surakSA ho ske| -pUrva prAcArya epha.-131, pANDava nagara dillI-110091 saMdarbha : 1. zeTTara "zravaNa belagola" (ruvArI dhAravAr3a) pRSTha 38 (sahayoga karnATaka pryttn)| prophesara zeTTara karnATaka vizvavidyAlaya se 'zravaNabelagola ke smAraka' viSaya para pI. eca.DI. haiM / ve karnATaka vizvavidyAlaya dhAravADa ke itihAsa tathA purAtatva vibhAga ke adhyakSa tathA bhAratIya kalA itihAsa sasthAna ke nirdezaka bhI raha cuke haiN| 2 Ananda prakAza jaina "tana se lipaTI bela" (ahiMsA mandira prakAzana) pRSTha 152 3. mizrIlAla jaina "gommaTezvara" (rAhula prakAzana, gunA, ma. pra.), pRSTha / 4. mizrIlAla jaina "gommaTezvara" (rAhula prakAzana, gunA, ma. pra.), pRSTha 1 5. M H. Krishna, "Jain Antiquary", v, 4. Py 103 6. H Zimmer, "Philosophies of India" 7. Vineet Smith, "History of Fine Arts in India and Ceylon," P. 268 "Jain Amtiquary VI, 1, p 34 8. Walhouse - of Sturrock, "South Cancer, I, p 86 9. Fergusson, "A History of Indian and Asterm Architecture" II. pp. 72-73, Buchanon Travels, III, p. 83 10. viMdhyagiri para suttAlaya ke praveza dvAra ke bAMyI ora kA zilAlekha krama saMkhyA 336 11. mUrti ke pairoM ke pAsa daoNI ora ke pASANa sarpa vivara ke 10vIM zatAbdI ke lekha, krama saMkhyA 272 kannar3a; anya lekha krama saMkhyA 273 tamila 10 vI zatAbdI; krama sakhyA 276 marAThI nAgarI lipi /

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anekAnta 58/3-4 12. viMdhyagirI para suttAlaya ke praveza dvAra ke bAI ora boppana paMDita dvArA aMkita 12vIM zatAbdI ke vistRta zilAlekha, krama saMkhyA 3361 13 "jaina zilAlekha saMgraha", I Nos 17-18 (31) pp 6-7 Intr p 2 14. Epigraphia Karnatica' Vol 2 (Indore) p 13 15. "Indian Historical Quaterly" IV, 2 pp. 270-286, JS B, IV. 2 pp. 102-109 16. zrI madabhAgavat, paJcama skandha, tRtIya adhyAya, 20vaoN shlok| 17. zrI madabhAgavata, paJcama skandha, caturtha adhyAya, 8, 9 shlok| 'agni', 'mArkaNDeya', brahmANDa', 'nArada' Adi purANa bhI isa saMbaMdha me sAkSya hai| 18. 'padma purANa', 'harivaMzapurANa', paumacariya' aura zve. gratho me RSabhadeva ke putroM kI saMkhyA 100 saMkhyA likhI hai, kiMtu 'mahApurANa' me 101 putra batAye gae hai| 19. guNabhadra "uttara purANa" 35e 28-36 / dekhe vAdirAja "pArzvanAtha caritra" 9. 37-28, 2-65 20. suttanipAta, 977 21. pANinI, "aSTAdhyAyI", 1-373 22. 'paumacariya', 4. 43 23. 'Avazyaka cUrNI', pR. 210 24. 'mahApurANa', 3-34, 204 25. 'Avazyaka bhASya', gAthA 32 26. 'paumacariya', 4-47 27. paumacariya va pdmmpuraann| 28. jinasenAcArya, "mahApurANa", parva 36 zloka 104 29. jinasenAcArya, "mahApurANa", parva 36 zloka 106 30. jinasenAcArya 'mahApurANa', parva 36 zloka 184-188 31. 'Avazyaka cUrNI', puSTha 210; (sa) vAsudevA hindI pRSTha 186 32. hemacandrAcArya, "triSaSTizlAkA puruSa" 33. saMghadAsa gaNI vasudeva hinDI, pRSTha 187-88 (prAkRta) 34. jinasenAcArya, "mahApurANa", 36. 152-154 35. raviSeNAcArya , "padmapurANa", 4. 75-76

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bAhubalI stavana (1) sakalanRpasamAje dRSTimallAmbuyaddhai vijitabharatakIrtiyaH pravavrAja muktyai| tRNamiva vigaNayya prAjyasAmrAjyabhAraM, caramatanudharANAmagraNIH so'vatAd vH|| (2) bharatavijayalakSmIrjAjvalaccakramUrtyA, yaminamabhisarantI kSatriyANAM samakSam / cirataramavadhUtApatrapApAtramAsI dadhigatagurumArgaH so'vatAd dorbalI vH|| (3) sa jayati jayalakSmIsaMgamAzAmavandhyAM vidadhaddhikadhAmA saMnidhau pArthivAnAm / sakalajagadagAravyAptakIrtistapasyA mabhajata yazase yaH sUnUrAdyasya dhaatuH|| (4) jayati bhujabalIzo bAhuvIryaM sa yasya prathitamabhavadagre kSatriyANAM niyuddhe / bharatanRpatinAmA yasya nAmAkSarANi smRtimathamupayAnti prANivRndaM punanti / / (5) jayati bhujagavaktredvAntaniryadgarAgniH prazamamasakRdApat prApya pAdau ydiiyau| sakalabhuvanamAnyaH khecarastrIkarAgrod grathitavitatavIrudveSTito dorbliishH|| (6) jayatibharatarAjaprAMzumaulyagraratno palalulitanakhenduH STurAdyasya sUnuH / bhujagakulakalApairAkulairnAkulatvaM dhRtibalakalito yo yogabhRnnaiva bheje / /

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anekAnta 58/3-4 (7) zitibhiralikulAmairAbhujaM lambamAnaiH pihitabhujaviTaMko mUrdhajaivellitAH / jaladharaparirodhadhyAmamUva bhUdhaH zriyamapuSadanUnAM dorbalI yaH sa no'vyAt / / (8) sa jayati himakAle yo himAnIparItaM vapuracala ivoccairbibhrdaavirbbhuuv| navadhanasalilaudhairyazca dhauto'bdakAle kharaghRNikiraNAnapyuNakAle viSehe / / (9) jagati jayinamenaM yoginaM yogivaryai radhigatamahimAnaM mAnitaM maanniiyaiH| smarati hRdi nitAntaM yaH sa zAntAntarAtmA bhajati vijayalakSmImAzu jainImajayyAm / / - AcArya jinasena svAmI AstAM tava stavanamastasamastadoSaM, tvatsaMkathApi jagatAM duritAni hnti| dUre sahastrakiraNaH kurute pramaiva, padmAkareSu jalajAni vikaasmaaji|| __ - bhaktAmara stotra, 9 he bhagavan ! sampUrNa doSoM se rahita ApakA stavana to dUra rahe, kintu ApakI pavitra kathA bhI jagata ke jIvoM ke pApoM ko naSTa kara detI hai| sUrya dUra rahatA hai, para usakI prabhA hI tAlAboM meM kamaloM ko vikasita kara detI hai|

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anekAnta 58/3-4 35 zravaNabelgolA ke abhilekhoM meM dAna paramparA evaM zravaNabelgolA ke abhilekho meM varNita baiMkiga praNAlI lekha kAryakAriNI sadasya (vIra sena madira) sAhitya manISI zrI sumataprasAda jaina ne upalabdha karAye haiN| -sampAdaka zravaNabelgolA ke abhilekhoM meM dAna paramparA -DaoN. jagabIra kauzika zuddha dharma kA avakAza na hone se dharma meM dAna kI pradhAnatA hai| dAna denA maMgala mAnA jAtA thaa| yAcaka ko dAna dekara dAtA vibhinna prakAra ke sukhoM kI anubhUti karatA thaa| abhilekhoM ke varNya-viSaya ko dekhate hue yaha mAnA jA sakatA hai ki dAna dene ke kaI prayojana hote the| kabhI mani rAjA yA sAdhAraNa vyakti ko samAja ke kalyANa hetu dAna dene ke lie kahate the tathA kabhI loga apane pUrvajoM kI smRti meM vasadi yA niSadyA kA nirmANa karavAte the| kintu prasanna mana se dAna denA vizeSa mahattvapUrNa mAnA jAtA hai| sAdhAraNa rUpa meM svayaM apane aura dUsare ke upakAra ke lie apanI vastu kA tyAga karanA dAna hai| rAjavArtika meM bhI isI bAta ko kahA gayA hai|' kintu dhavalA ke anusAra ratnatraya se yukta jIvoM ke lie apane vitta kA tyAga karane kA ratnatraya ke yogya sAdhanoM ko pradatta karane kI icchA kA nAma dAna hai| AcAryoM ne apanI kRtiyoM meM dAna ke vibhinna bhedoM kI carcA kI hai| sarvArthasiddhi meM AhAradAna, abhayadAna tathA jJAnadAna nAmaka tIna dAnoM kI carcA kI hai| jabaki sAgAradharmAmRta' ke anusAra sAttvika, rAjasa, tAmasa Adi tIna prakAra ke dAna hote haiN| kintu mukhya rUpa se dAna ko do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jA sakatA hai-alaukika va laukik| alaukika dAna sAdhuoM ko diyA jAtA hai, jo cAra prakAra kA hai-AhAra, auSadha, jJAna va abhaya tathA laukika dAna sAdhAraNa vyaktiyoM ko diyA jAtA hai| jaise-samadatti, karuNadatti, auSadhAlaya, skUla, pyAU Adi khulvaanaa|

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36 anekAnta 58/3-4 zravaNabelgolA ke lagabhaga do sau abhilekhoM meM dAna paramparA ke ullekha milate haiN| inameM mukhya rUpa se grAmadAna, bhUmidAna, dravyadAna, vasadi (mandiroM) kA nirmANa va jIrNoddhAra, mUrti dAna, niSadyA nirmANa, AhAra dAna, tAlAba, udyAna, paTTazAlA (vAcanAlaya), caityAlaya, stambha tathA parakoTA Adi kA nirmANa jaise dAna varNita haiN| ina dAnoM kA alaukika va laukika nAmaka do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jAtA hai alaukika dAna-jaisA ki pahale kahA jA cukA hai ki alaukika dAna sAdhuoM ko diyA jAtA hai kyoMki laukika dAna meM jina vastuoM kI gaNanA kI gaI hai, jainAcAra meM una vastuoM ko muniyoM ke grahaNa karane yogya nahIM batalAyA gayA hai| zravaNabelagolA ke abhilekhoM meM alaukika dAna meM kevala AhAra dAna kA ullekha milatA hai| AhAra dAna-AhAra dAna kA atyanta mahattva hai| isake mahattva kA ullekha karate hue paMcaviMzatikA' meM batalAyA gayA hai ki jaise jala nizcaya karake rudhira ko dho detA hai, vaise hI gaharahita atithiyoM kA pratipUjana karanA arthAt navadhAbhaktipUrvaka AhAradAna karanA bhI nizcaya karake gRhakAryo se saMcita hue pApa ko naSTa karatA hai| zravaNabelgolA ke abhilekhoM meM bhUmi rahana se mukta karane para tathA kaSToM ke parihAra hone para AhAradAna kI ghoSaNA karane kA varNana milatA hai| eka abhilekha ke anusAra kambhiyya ne ghoSaNA kI hai ki cuvaDi seTTi ne merI bhUmi rahana se mukta kara dI, isalie mai sadaiva eka saMgha ko AhAra duuNgaa| aSTAdikpAlaka maNDapa ke eka stambha para utrkINa lekha meM kahA hai ki cauDI seTTi ne hamAre kapTa kA parihAra kiyA hai, isa upalakSya meM maiM sadaiva eka saMgha ko AhAra duuNgaa| jabaki isI stambha para utrkINa dUsare abhilekha meM Apad parihAra karane para varSa meM chaha mAsa taka eka saMgha ko AhAra dene kI ghoSaNA kI hai| isa prakAra Alocya abhilekhoM ke samaya meM AhAra dAna kI paramparA vidyamAna thii| laukika dAna-jo dAna sAdhAraNa vyakti ke upakAra ke lie diyA jAtA hai, use laukika dAna kahate haiN| isake antargata auSadhAlaya, skUla, pyAU,

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anekAnta 58/3-4 37 vasadi, mandira, mUrti Adi kA nirmANa va jIrNoddhAra tathA grAma, bhUmi, dravya Adi ke dAna sammilita kie jAte haiN| Alocya abhilekhoM meM isa dAna ke ullekha paryApta mAtrA meM vidyamAna haiM, jinakA varNana isa prakAra hai (i) grAma dAna-zravaNabelgolA ke abhilekhoM meM grAma dAna sambandhI ullekha pracura mAtrA meM milate haiN| grAmoM kA dAna-mandiroM meM pUjA, AhAradAna yA jIrNoddhAra ke lie kiyA jAtA thaa| ina grAmoM kI Aya se ye sabhI kArya kie jAte the| zAntalA devI dvArA banavAye gae mandira ke lie prabhAcandra siddhAntadeva ko eka grAma kA dAna diyA gyaa| maisUra nareza kRSNarAja oDeyara ne bhI jaina dharma ke prabhAvanArtha belgula sahita aneka grAmoM ko dAna meM diyaa| kabhI-kabhI rAjA apanI digvijayoM meM lauTate hue mUrti ke darzana karane ke uparAnta grAma dAna kI ghoSaNA karate the| gommaTezvara mUrti ke pAsa hI pApANa khaNDa para utkIrNa eka abhilekha ke anusAra rAjA narasiMha java vallAla nRpa, oDeya rAjAo tathA uccaGgi kA kilA jItakara vApisa lauTa rahe the to mArga meM unhoMne gommaTezvara ke darzana kie tathA pUjanArtha tIna grAmoM kA dAna diyaa| candramauli mantrI kI patnI Acala devI dvArA nirmita akkana vasadi meM sthita jina mandira ko candramauli kI prArthanA se hoyasala nareza vIra ballAla ne bammeyanahalli nAmaka grAma kA dAna diyaa|' mantrI hullarAja ne bhI nayakIrti siddhAntadeva14 aura bhAnukIrti 5 ko savaNeru grAma kA dAna diyaa| vammeyanahalli nAmaka grAma ke sammukha eka pASANa para utkIrNa eka lekha ke anusAra Acala devI ne bammeyanahalli nAmaka grAma kA dAna diyaa| isI prakAra kaI abhilekhoM meM AjIvikA, AhAra pUjanAdi ke lie grAma dAna ke bhI ullekha milate haiN| zAsana vasadi ke sAmane eka zilAkhaNDa para utkIrNa abhilekha ke anusAra viSNuvardhana nareza se pAritoSika svarUpa prApta hue, 'parama' nAmaka grAma ko gagarAja ne apanI mAtA pocaladevI tathA bhAryA lakSmI devI dvArA nirmApita jina mandiroM kI AjIvikA ke lie arpaNa kiyaa| mahA-pradhAna hullamaya ne bhI apane svAmI

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anekAnta 58/3-4 hoyasala nareza mArasiMhadeva se pAritoSika meM prApta savaNeru grAma kA gommaTa svAmI kI aSTavidha pUjA tathA muniyoM ke AhAra ke lie dAna diyaa|18 vIra ballAla rAjA ne bhI 'bekka' nAmaka grAma kA dAna gommaTezvara kI pUjA ke lie hI kiyA thaa| kaNThIrAyapura grAma ke lekhAnusAra20 gaGgarAja ne pArzvadeva aura kukkuTezvara kI pUjA ke lie govindavADi nAmaka grAma kA dAna diyaa| caturvizati tIrthakara pUjA ke lie ballAla deva ne mAruhalli tathA bekka grAma kA dAna diyaa| zalya nAmaka grAma kA dAna vasadiyo ke jIrNoddhAra tathA muniyoM kI AhAra vyavasthA ke lie kiyA gayA thaa|22 kintu Alocya abhilekha meM do abhilekha aise haiM jinake anusAra grAma dAna, dAnazAlA, kuNDa, upavana tathA maNDapa Adi kI rakSA ke lie kiyA gyaa| isa prakAra hama abhilekhoM se yaha jAna pAte haiM ki dhArmika kAryo kI siddhi ke lie grAma dAna kI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA rahI thii| __(ii) bhUmi dAna-Alocya kAla me grAma dAna ke sAtha-sAtha bhUmi dAna kI bhI paramparA thii| zravaNabelagolA ke abhilekhoM meM aise aneka ullekha milate haiM jinameM bhUmi dAna ke prayojana kA varNana milatA hai| mukhyataH bhUmi dAna kA prayojana aSTavidha pUjana, AhAra dAna, mandiro kA kharca calAnA hotA thaa| kumbenahalli grAma ke eka abhilekha ke anusAra vAdirAja deva ne aSTavidha pUjana tathA AhAra dAna ke lie kucha bhUmi kA dAna kiyaa|24 isI prakAra ke ullekha anya abhilekhoM meM25 bhI milate haiN| zravaNabelgolA ke hI kucha abhilekhoM meM aise ullekha milate haiM jinameM dAna kI huI bhUmi ke badale pratidina pUjA ke lie puSpamAlA prApta karane kA varNana hai| gommaTezvara dvAra ke dAyIM ora pASANa khaNDa para utkIrNa eka abhilekha ke anusAra26 belgula ke vyApAriyoM ne gaGga samudra aura gommaTapura kI kucha bhUmi kharIdakara use gommaTadeva kI pUjA hetu puSpa dene ke lie eka mAlI ko sadA ke lie pradAna kI thii| isI prakAra ke varNana anya abhilekhoM meM27 bhI milate haiN| kucha aise bhI abhilekha haiM jinameM vasadi yA jinAlaya ke lie bhUmidAna ke prasaMga milate haiN| maMgAyi vasadi ke praveza dvAra ke sAtha

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anekAnta 58/3-4 39 hI utkIrNa eka lekha meM varNana milatA hai ki paNDitadeva ke ziSyoM ne maMgAyi vasadi ke lie doDDana kaTTe kI kucha bhUmi dAna kii|28 nAgadeva mantrI dvArA kapaThapArzvadeva vasadi ke sammukha zilAkuTTama aura raGgazAlA kA nirmANa karavAne tathA nagara jinAlaya ke lie kucha bhUmidAna karane kA ullekha eka abhilekha29 meM milatA hai| usa samaya meM bhUmi kA dAna rogamukta hone yA kaSTa mukta tathA icchA pUrti hone para bhI kiyA jAtA thaa| mahAsAmantAdhipati raNAvaloka zrI kambayan ke rAjya meM manasija kI rAnI ke rogamukta hone ke pazcAt maunavrata samApta hone para bhUmi kA dAna kiyaa| lekha meM bhUmi dAna kI zarta bhI likhI hai ki jo apane dvArA yA dUsare dAna kI gaI bhUmi kA haraNa karegA, vaha sATha hajAra varSa kITa yoni meM rhegaa| gandhavAraNa vasadi ke dvitIya maNDapa para utkIrNa lekha meM paTTazAlA (vAcanAlaya) calAne ke lie bhUmi dAna kA ullekha hai| bhUmi dAna se sambandhita aneka ullekha anya abhilekhoM meM bhI milate haiN| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki tatkAlIna dAna paramparA meM bhUmi dAna kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna thA, jisase prAyaH sabhI prayojana siddha kie jAte the| (iii) dravya (dhana) dAna-zravaNabelgolA ke abhilekhoM meM nagada rAzi ke dAna svarUpa bheMTa karane ke ullekha milate haiM usa dhana se pUjA, dugdhAbhiSeka ityAdi kA Ayojana kiyA jAtA thaa| gommaTezvara dvAra ke pUrvI mukha para utkIrNa eka lekha ke anusAra kucha dhana kA dAna tIrthakaroM ke aSTavidhapUjana ke lie kiyA gayA thaa| candrakIrti bhaTTArakadeva ke ziSya kallalya ne bhI kama se kama chaha mAlAe~ nitya car3hAne ke lie kucha dhana kA dAna kiyaa| rAjA bhI dhana kA dAna kiyA karate the| unheM jisa grAma meM nirmita mandira ityAdi ke lie dAna karanA hotA thA, usa grAma ke samasta kara isa dhArmika kArya ke lie dAna kara dete the| rAjA mArasiMha deva ne bhI gommaTapura ke TaiksoM kA dAna caturvizati tIrthakara vasadi ke lie kiyA thaa| dravya dAna kI eka vidhi candA dene kI paramparA bhI hotI thii| candA mAsika yA vArSika diyA jAtA thaa| mosale ke vaDDa vyavahAri

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anekAnta 58/3-4 basavaveTTi dvArA pratiSThApita caubIsa tIrthakaroM ke aSTavidha pUjana ke lie mosale ke mahAjanoM ne mAsika candA dene kI pratijJA kii|36 mAsika ke atirikta vArSika candA dene ke ullekha bhI milate haiN| caturvizati tIrthakaroM ke aSTavidha pUjArcana ke lie mosala ke kucha sajjanoM ne vArSika ca dA dene kI pratijJA kii|7 gommaTezvara dvAra para utrkINa eka lekha ke anusAra belgula ke samasta jauhariyoM ne gommaTadeva aura pArzvadeva ke puSpa pUjana ke lie vArSika candA dene kA saMkalpa kiyA thaa| __ pratimA ke dugdhAbhiSeka ke lie dravya kA dAna karanA atyanta zreSTha mAnA jAtA thaa| koI bhI vyakti kucha sImita dhana kA dAna karatA thaa| usa dhana ke byAja se jitanA dUdha pratidina milatA thA, usase dugdhAbhiSeka karAyA jAtA thaa| AdiyaNNa ne gommaTadeva ke nityAbhiSeka ke lie cAra gadyANa kA dAna kiyA, jisake vyAja se pratidina eka 'balla' dUdha milatA thaa|1 huligere ke sovaNA ne pAMca gadyANa kA dAna diyA, jisake vyAja se pratidina eka 'balla' dUdha milatA thaa| isI prakAra dugdhadAna ke lie anya udAharaNa' bhI Alocya abhilekhoM meM dekhe jA sakate haiN| aSTAdikpAlaka maNDapa ke stambha para khude eka lekha ke anusAra puTTa devarAjai arasa ne gommaTa svAmI kI vArSika pAda pUjA ke lie eka sau varaha kA dAna diyA tathA gommaTa seTTi ne bAraha gadyANa kA dAna diyaa|45 isake atirikta zrImatI avve ne cAra gadyANa kA tathA ereyaGga ne bAraha gadyANa kA dAna diyaa| __(iv) vasadi (bhavana) nirmANa-Alocya abhilekhoM ke adhyayana se jJAta hotA hai ki usa samaya vasadi nirmANa bhI dAna paramparA kA eka aMga thaa| ye vasadiyoM pUrvajoM kI smRti meM jana-sAdhAraNa ke kalyANArtha banavAI jAtI thii| Aja bhI pArzvanAtha, kattale, candragupta, zAntinAtha, supArzvanAtha, candraprabha, cAmuNDarAya, zAsana, majjigaNNa, erachukaTTe, savatigandhavAraNa, torina, zantIzvara, cennaNa, Adegala, caubIsa tIrthakara, bhaNDAri, akkana siddhAMta, dAnazAle, magariya Adi basdiyoM ko khaMDita avasthA meM dekhA jA

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anekAnta 58/3-4 sakatA hai| ye vasadiyA~ garbhagRha, sukhanAsi, navaraGga, mAnastambha, mukhamaNDapa Adi se yukta hotI thiiN| inhIM uparokta vasadiyoM ke nirmANa kI gAthA ye abhilekha kahate haiN| daNDanAyaka magarayya ne kattale basti apanI mAtA pocabbe ke lie nirmANa karavAI thii|6 gandhavAraNa vasadi meM pratiSThApita zAntIzvara kI pAdapITha para utkIrNa lekha ke anusAra zAntaladevI ne isa basdi kA nirmANa karAyA thA tathA abhiSekArtha eka tAlAba bhI banavAyA thaa|48 isI prakAra bharatayya ne bho eka tIrthasthAna para vasadi kA nirmANa karAyA, gommaTadeva kI raGgazAlA nirmita karAI tathA do sau vasadiyoM kA jIrNoddhAra kraayaa| isake atirikta samaya-samaya para dAnakartAoM ne parakoTe ityAdi kA nirmANa karavAyA thaa| (v) mandira nirmANa bhAratavarSa meM mandira nirmANa kI paramparA atyanta prAcIna hai| Alocya abhilekhoM meM bhI mandira nirmANa ke anekoM ullekha prApta hote haiN| rASTrakuTa nareza mArasiMha ne aneka rAjAo ko parAsta kiyA tathA aneka jina mandiroM kA nirmANa karavAkara anta meM sallekhanA vrata kA pAlana kara baMkApura meM dehotsarga kiyaa|50 abhilekhoM ke adhyayana se itanA to jJAta ho hI jAtA hai ki mandiroM kA nirmANa prAyaH velgola nagara meM hI kiyA jAtA thaa| kyoMki yaha nagara usa samaya me jaina dharma kA pramukha kendra thaa| zAsana vasadi meM pArzvanAtha kI pAdapITha para utkIrNa lekha ke anusAra cAmuNDa ke putra aura ajitasena muni ke ziSya jinadevaNa ne belgola nagara meM jina mandira kA nirmANa krvaayaa| daNDanAyaka eca ne bhI kopar3a, velgola Adi sthAnoM para aneka jina mandiroM kA nirmANa krvaayaa|52 AcaladevI ne pArzvanAtha kA nirmANa bhI belgola tIrtha para hI krvaayaa| mandira nirmANa meM jana-sAdhAraNa ke atirikta rAjA bhI apanA pUrNa sahayoga dete the| gaGga narezoM ne kallaGgere meM eka vizAla jina mandira va anya pA~ca jina mandiroM kA nirmANa karavAyA tathA belgola nagara meM parakoTA, raGgazAlA va do AzramoM sahita caturvizati tIrthakara mandira kA nirmANa krvaayaa| rAjAoM ke atirikta unakI patniyoM dvArA karavAye

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42 anekAnta 58/3-4 gae mandira nirmANa ke ullekha bhI milate haiN|55 malalakere (manalakere) grAma meM Izvara mandira ke sammakha eka patthara para likhita eka lekha meM varNana milatA hai ki sAtaNNa ne manalakere meM zAntinAtha mandira kA punarnirmANa tathA usa para suvarNa kalaza kI sthApanA kraaii| (vi) mUrti nirmANa-Alocya abhilekhoM ke adhyayana se tatkAlIna mUrti nirmANa kI paramparA kA bhI hameM jJAna hotA hai| bhAratavarSa meM zravaNabelagolastha bAhubali kI pratimA suprasiddha hai| eka abhilekha ke anusAra isa mUrti kI pratiSThApanA cAmuNDarAja ne karavAI thii| akhaNDabAgila kI zilA para utkIrNa eka lekha meM varNana AtA hai ki bharatamayya ne bAhabali kI mUrti kA nirmANa kraayaa|58 kintu bAhabalI kI mUrtiyoM ke atirikta anya tIrthakaroM Adi kI mUrtiyoM ke nirmANa ke ullekha bhI abhilekhoM meM upalabdha hote haiN| taJjanagara ke zattiram appAu zrAvaka ne prathama caturdaza tIrthakaroM kI mUrtiyA~ nirmANa karAkara arpita kii|59 eka anya abhilekha meM bhI zrAvaka dvArA paJcaparameSThI kI mUrti nirmita karAkara arpaNa karane kA ullekha milatA hai| isase yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki usa samaya mUrtiyoM kA nirmANa dAnArtha bheMTa karane ke lie bhI karavAyA jAtA thaa| (vii) jIrNoddhAra-purAne mandiroM yA vasadiyoM Adi kA jIrNoddhAra karavAnA bhI utanA hI puNya kA kAma samajhA jAtA thA, jitanA ki mandiroM ko bnvaanaa| zravaNabelagolA ke abhilekhoM meM bhI jIrNoddhAra sambandhI uddharaNa paryApta mAtrA meM dekhe jA sakate haiN| zAsana basdi ke eka lekhaka ke anusAra gaGgarAja ne gaGgavADi paragane ke samasta jina mandiroM kA jIrNoddhAra kraayaa| mahAmaNDalAcArya devakIrti paNDitadeva ne pratApapura kI rUpanArAyaNa vasadi kA jIrNoddhAra va jinanAthapura meM eka dAnazAlA kA nirmANa krvaayaa| isake atirikta pAleda padumayaNNa ne eka vasadi kA tathA mantrI hullarAja ne baMkApura ke do bhArI aura prAcIna mandiroM kA jIrNoddhAra krvaayaa| isake atirikta anya abhilekhoM meM bhI vasadiyoM yA mandiroM kA jIrNoddhAra karavAne ke ullekha milate haiN|

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anekAnta 58/3-4 43 (viii) niSadyA nirmANa-arhadAdikoM va muniyoM ke samAdhisthAna ko niSadyA kahate haiN| zravaNabelgolA ke abhilekhoM meM niSadyA nirmANa se sambandhita aneka ullekha prApta hote haiN| isakA nirmANa prakAzayukta va ekAnta sthAna para kiyA jAtA thaa| yaha vasadi se na to adhika dUra tathA na hI adhika samIpa hotA thaa| isakA nirmANa samatala bhUmi tathA kSapaka vasadi kI dakSiNa athavA pazcima dizA meM hotA thaa| abhilekhoM ke adhyayana se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki niSadyA guru, pati, bhrAtA, mAtA Adi kI smRti meM banavAI jAtI thii| caTTikabbe ne apane pati kI niSadyA kA nirmANa karavAyA thaa|66 siriyabbe va nAgiyakka ne siGgimaya ke samAdhimaraNa karane para niSadyA kA nirmANa krvaayaa|67 mahAnavamI maNDapa meM utkIrNa abhilekha ke anusAra zubhacandra muni kA svargavAsa hone para unake ziSya padyanandi paNDitadeva aura mAdhavacandra ne unakI niSadyA nirmita krvaaii| lakkhanandi, mAdhavendra aura tribhuvanamala ne bhI apane guru ke smAraka rUpa meM niSadyA kI pratiSThApanA karavAI thii|69 munirAjo ke atirikta rAjA yA unake mantrI bhI apane guru Adi kI smRti meM nipadyA kA nirmANa karavAte the| poysala mahArAja gaMganareza viSNuvarddhana ne apane guru zubhacandra deva kI niSadyA nirmita karavAI thii| mantrI nAgadeva ne bhI apane guru zrI nayanakIrti yogIndra kI nipadyA nirmita krvaaii| meghacandra vidya ke pramukha ziSya prabhAcandra siddhAntadeva ne mahApradhAna daNDanAyaka gaMgarAja se apane guru kI nipadyA kA nirmANa karavAyA thaa| inake atirikta anya abhilekhoM meM bhI niSadyA nirmANa ke ullekha milate haiN| (1x) anya dAna-pUrva varNita dAnoM ke atirikta parakoTA nirmANa, tAlAva nirmANa, paTTazAlA nirmANa, caityAlaya nirmANa tathA stambha pratiSThA jaise anya dAnoM ke ullekha bhI Alocya abhilekhoM meM upalabdha hote haiN| gaGgarAja ne gaGgavAr3i meM pratiSThApita gommeTazvara kI pratimA kA parakoTA tathA aneka jaina vasadiyoM kA jIrNoddhAra krvaayaa| gommaTezvara dvAra kI dAyIM ora eka pASANa khaNDa para utkIrNa eka lekha meM varNana AtA hai ki bAlacandra ne

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anekAnta 58/3-4 apane guru ke smAraka svarUpa aneka zAsana race tathA tAlAba Adi kA nirmANa krvaayaa| ballaNa ke saMnyAsa vidhi se zarIra tyAga karane para usakI mAtA va bahana ne usakI smRti meM eka paTTazAlA (vAcanAlaya) sthApita krvaaii| inake atirikta caityAlaya nirmANa aura stambha pratiSThApanA ke varNana bhI zravaNabelgolA ke abhilekhoM meM milate haiN| isa prakAra niSkarSa rUpa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki AlocyakAla meM dAna paramparA kA atyanta mahattva thaa| dAna prAyaH apane pUrvajoM kI smRti meM tathA jana-sAdhAraNa ke upakAra ke lie diyA jAtA thaa| usa samaya vasadi nirmANa, mandira nirmANa tathA jIrNoddhAra, dhana dAna, mUrti dAna, niSadyA nirmANa, tAlAba, paTTazAlA, caityAlaya, parakoTA nirmANa Adi ke atirikta nirmANa va jIrNoddhAra sambandhI kAryo ke lie grAma va bhUmi kA dAna diyA jAtA thaa| grAma va bhUmi se prApta hone vAlI Aya se AhAra Adi kI vyavasthA bhI kI jAtI thii| - hindI vibhAga iNDiyA TreDa pramozana oNrganAijezana pragati bhavana, pragati maidAna, naI dillI-110001 saMdarbha : 1. parAnugrahabuddhyA svasyAtisarjana daanm| (rAjavArttika 6/12/4/522) 2 dhavalA 13/5, 5-137/389/121 3 savArthasiddhi 6/12/388/11 / 4. sAgAradharmAmRta 5/471 5. jaina zilAlekha sagraha, bhAga eka, lekha sakhyA 99-101, 4971 6 paMcaviMzatikA 7/13 / 7. jai. zi le. saM bhAga eka, le. sa. 991 8. jai. zi sa. bhAga eka, le. saM. 1001 9. vahI le sa 101 / 10. vahI le. saM. 561 11. vahI le. sa. 831 12. vahI le. sa. 901 13. vahI le. saM. 124 /

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anekAnta 58/3-4 45 17 14. vahIM le sa 136 / 15 vahI le sa 1371 16 vahI le. sa 4941 vahIM le. sa 591 vahIM le. sa. 801 19 vIM le sa 107 / 20 vahI le. saM 486 / 21. vahIM le sa. 4911 le sa 4931 23 vahI le. sa 433 eva 4801 24 jaina zi sa bhAga eka le sa 495 / 25. vahI le. sa 496 se 499 / 26 vahIM le sa 92 / 27. vahIM le sa 88-891 vahIM le sa 1331 29 vahIM le sa 130 / 30. vahI le sa 211 31 vahIM le sa 511 32 vahI le sa 84,96, 129, 144, 108, 454,476-77, 484,490, 498, 500 / 33 vahI le ma 871 34 vahI le. ma 931 35 vahI le. sa 138 / 36 vahI le ma / 37 jai zi meM bhAga eka, le sa 3611 vahIM le sa 911 vahI naM. ma 971 vahIM le sa 1311 le ma 91-951 vahIM le sa 981 vahI le sa 811 vahIM le sa 1351 45 vahIM le. sa 492 / 46. vI le. sa. 641 47. vahIM le sa. 621 48. vahIM le. sa 561 49 vahIM le sa 1151 50 vahI le saM. 3811 51 vahIM le. sa 671 52 jaina zi sa bhAga eka le. sa 144 53 vahIM le sa 4941 54 vahIM le sa. 1361 55 vahI le sa 44-591 vahI le sa 4991 57. zrI cAmuNDe rAje krviyle| (jai zi sa bhaga eka le. sa. 75) / 58 vahI le saM 1151 59 vahI le saM 411 / 60 vahI le sa 4371 | le sa. 591 62 vahIM le sa 401 63 vahI le sa 4701 64 vahI le sa 1371 65 vahI le sa. 134, tathA 4991 66 jai zi sa bhAga eka, le sa 68 / 67 vahIM le sa 521 68 vahI le ma 4 / / 69 vI la sa 391 vahI le sa 431 vahIM le sa 421 72 vahIM leM. sa. 471 vahIM le ma 48, 40, 411 vahI le sa 51, 75, 901 vahIM le saM 901 76. vahIM le. saM. 511 77. vahI le. sa. 4301 78. vahI le. saM 461

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zravaNabelgolA ke abhilekhoM meM varNita baiMkiMga praNAlI -DaoN. bizanasvarUpa rustagI baiMkiMga praNAlI prAcIna bhArata meM ajJAta nahIM thii| baiMkiMga praNAlI kI sthApanA bhAratavarSa meM prAcIna kAla meM hI ho gaI thI kintu yaha praNAlI vartamAna pAzcAtya praNAliyoM se bhinna thii| prAcIna samaya meM zreNI tathA nigama baiMka kA kArya karate the| deza kI Arthika nIti zreNI ke hAthoM meM thii| vartamAna kAla ke 'bhAratIya caimbara Apha kAmarsa' se isakI tulanA kara sakate haiN| pazcima bhArata ke kSatrapa nahapAna ke dAmAda RSabhadatta ne dhArmika kAryoM ke lie taMtavAya zreNI ke pAsa tIna hajAra kArSApaNa jamA kie the| usameM se do hajAra kArSApaNa eka kArSApaNa prati saikar3A vArSika byAja kI dara se jamA kie tathA eka hajAra kArSApaNa para byAja kI dara tIna cauthAI paNa (kArSApaNa kA ar3atAlisavA~ bhAga) thii| isI prakAra ke sandarbha anya zreNI, jaise tailika zreNI Adi ke varNanoM meM bhI milate haiN| jamAkartA kucha dhana jamA karake usake byAja ke badale vastu prApta karatA rahatA thaa| isI prakAra ke ullekha zravaNabelgolA ke abhilekhoM meM bhI milate haiN| dAtA kucha dhana yA bhUmi Adi kA dAna kara detA thA, jisake byAja svarUpa prApta hone vAlI Aya se aSTavidha pUjana, vArSika pAda pUjA, puSpa pUjA, gommaTezvara-pratimA ke abhiSeka hetu dugdha kI prApti, mandiroM kA jIrNoddhAra, muni saMghoM ke lie AhAra kA prabandha Adi prayojanoM kI siddhi hotI thii| isa prakAra ina abhilekhoM ke adhyayana se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki dasavIM zatAbdI ke AsapAsa baiMkiMga praNAlI pUrNa vikasita ho cukI thii| Alocya abhilekhoM meM jamA karane kI vibhinna paddhatiyAM parilakSita hotI haiN| gommaTezvara dvAra ke dAyIM ora eka pASANa khaNDa para utkIrNa eka abhilekha ke anusAra kallayya ne kucha dhana isa prayojana se jamA karavAyA thA ki isake

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anekAnta 58/3-4 byAja se chaha puSpa mAlAe~ pratidina prApta hotI rheN| isake atirikta Alocya abhilekhoM meM dhana kI cAra ikAiyoM-varaha, gadyANa, hona, haga ke ullekha milate haiN| zaka saMvat 1748 ke eka abhilekha meM varNana AtA hai ki devarAjai arasu ne gommaTa svAmI kI pAdapUjA ke lie eka sau baraha kA dAna diyaa| yaha dhana kisI mahAjana yA zreNI ke pAsa jamA karavA diyA jAtA thA tathA isake byAja se pAda pUjA ke nimitta upayoga meM Ane vAlI vastueM kharIdI jAtI thiiN| tIrthakara suttAlaya meM utkIrNa eka lekha meM varNana AtA hai ki gommaTa seTTi ne gommamaTezvara kI pUjA ke lie bAraha gadyANa kA dAna diyaa| pUjA ke atirikta abhiSekAdi ke prayojana se bhI dhana jamA karavAyA jAtA thaa| isa dhana para milane vAle byAja se nityAbhiSeka ke lie dUdha liyA jAtA thaa| eka pratijJA-patra meM varNana milatA ki sovaNNa ne Adideva ke nityAbhiSeka ke lie pAMca gadyANa kA dAna diyA, jisake vyAja se pratidina eka 'balla' (sambhavataH do lITara se bar3I mApa kI ikAI hotI thI) dUdha diyA jA ske| vindhyagiri parvata eka abhilekha" ke anusAra AdiyaNNa ne gommaTa deva ke nityAbhiSeka ke lie cAra gadyANa kA dAna diyaa| isa rAzi ke eka 'hona' (gadyANa se choTA koI pracalita sikkA) para eka 'hAga' mAsika byAja kI dara se eka 'balla' dUdha pratidina diyA jAtA thaa| yahIM ke eka anya abhilekha ke anusAra gommaTa deva ke abhiSekArtha tIna mAna (arthAta chaha lITara) dUdha pratidina dene ke lie cAra gadyANa kA dAna diyA gyaa| anya abhilekha meM varNana milatA hai ki keti seTTi ne gommaTa deva ke nityAbhiSeka ke lie tIna gadyANa kA dAna diyA, jisake byAja se tIna mAna dUdha liyA jAtA thaa| uparyukta ye tInoM hI abhilekha tatkAlIna byAja kI pratizatatA jAnane ke prAmANika sAdhana haiM kintu ina abhilekhoM ke adhyayana se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki usa samaya byAja kI pratizatatA koI nizcita nahIM thii| kyoMki ve donoM lekha eka hI sthAna (vindhyagiri parvata) tathA eka hI varSa (zaka saMvat 1197) ke haiM kintu eka abhilekha me cAra gadyANa ke byAja se pratidina tIna mAna dUdha tathA dUsare meM tIna gadyANa ke byAja se bhI tIna mAna dUdha pratidina milatA thaa|

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48 anekAnta 58/3-4 pUjA evaM nityAbhiSekAdi ke atirikta prayojanoM ke lie bhI dhana kA kA dAna diyA jAtA thaa| dAnakartA kucha dhana ko jamA karavA detA thA tathA usase prApta hone vAle byAja se mandiroM-vasadiyoM kA jIrNoddhAra tathA muniyoM ko pratidina AhAra diyA jAtA thaa| pahale belagola meM dhvaMsa vasadi ke samIpa eka pASANa khaNDa para utkIrNa eka abhilekha meM varNana AyA hai ki tribhuvanamalla ereyaga ne vasadiyo ke jIrNoddhAra evaM AhAra Adi ke lie bAraha gadyANa jamA karavAe / zrI atimabbe ne bhI cAra gadyANa kA dAna diyaa|10 dhana dAna ke atirikta bhUmi tathA grAma dene ke bhI ullekha abhilekhoM meM milate haiN| ise 'nikSepa' nAma se saMjJita kiyA jA sakatA hai| isake antargata kucha sImita vastu dekara prativarSa yA pratimAsa kucha dhana yA vastu byAja svarUpa lI jAtI thii| zaka saMvat 1100 ke eka abhilekha ke anusAra belgula ke vyApAriyoM ne gaDgasamudra aura gommaTapura kI kucha bhUmi kharIdakara gommaTa deva kI pUjA ke nimitta puSpa dene ke lie eka mAlI ko sadA ke lie pradAna kii| cikka madukaNNa ne bhI kucha bhUmi kharIdakara gommaTa deva kI pratidina pUjA hetu bIsa puSpa mAlAo ke lie arpita kara dii| isase yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki bhUmi se hone vAlI Aya kA kucha pratizata dhana yA vastu denI par3atI thii| isI prakAra ke bhUmi dAna se sambandhita ullekha abhilekhoM meM milate haiN| tatkAlIna samAja meM bhUmi dAna ke sAtha-sAtha grAma dAna kI paramparA bhI vidyamAna thii| grAma ko kisI vyakti ko sauMpa diyA jAtA thA tathA usase prApta hone vAlI Aya se aneka dhArmika kAryoM kA sampAdana kiyA jAtA thaa| eka abhilekha ke anusAra! dAnazAlA aura belgula maTha kI AjIvikA hetu 80 varaha kI Aya vAle kabAlu nAmaka grAma kA dAna diyA gyaa| isake atirikta jIrNoddhAra, AhAra, pUjA Adi ke lie grAma dAna ke ullekha milate haiN| Alocya abhilekhoM meM kucha aise bhI udAharaNa milate haiM, jisameM kisI vastu yA sampatti ko nyAsa ke rUpa meM rakhakara byAja para paisA le liyA jAtA thA tathA paisA lauTAne para sampatti ko vApisa kara diyA jAtA thaa|

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anekAnta 58/3-4 isa jamA karane ke prakAra ko 'anvihita' kahA jAtA thaa| brahmadeva maNDapa ke eka stambha para utkIrNa lekha ke anusAra mahArAjA cAmarAja auDeyara ne cennanna Adi sAhUkAroM ko bulAkara kahA ki tuma belgula mandira kI bhUmi mukta kara do, hama tumhArA rupayA dete haiN| isI prakAra kA varNana eka anya abhilekha meM bhI milatA hai| isake atirikta pratimAsa yA prati varSa jamA karAne kI paramparA usa samaya vidyamAna thii| isakI samAnatA vartamAna Avarti jamA yojanA (Recurring Deposit Scheme) se kI jA sakatI hai| isameM paisA jamA kiyA jAtA thA tathA usI paise se aneka kAryoM kA sampAdana kiyA jAtA thaa| vindhyagiri parvata ke eka abhilekha ke anusAra'6 belgula ke samasta jauhariyoM ne gommaTadeva aura pArzvadeva kI puSpa-pUjA ke lie vArSika dhana dene kA saMkalpa kiyaa| eka anya abhilekha'7 meM varNana AtA hai ki agarakSakoM kI niyukti ke lie pratyeka ghara se eka 'haNa' (sambhavataH tIsa paise ke samakakSa koI sikkA) jamA karavAyA jAtA thaa| jamA karane ke lie zreNI yA nigama kArya karatA thaa| isa prakAra jamA karane kI vibhinna paddhatiyAM usa samaya vidyamAna thiiN|18 byAja kI pratizatatA-Alocya abhilekha tatkAlIna byAja kI pratizatatA jAnane ke prAmANika sAdhana haiN| ina abhilekhoM meM byAja ke rUpa meM dUdha prApta karane ke ullekha adhika mAtrA meM haiN| isalie sarvaprathama hameM dUdha ke mApa kI ikAiyoM jAna lenI caahieN| abhilekhoM meM dUdha ke mApa kI do ikAiyAM milatI haiM-mAna aura balla / mAna do liTara ke barAbara kA koI mApa hotA thA tathA balla do liTara se bar3A koI mApa rahA hogA, jo aba ajJAta hai| gommaTezvara dvAra ke dAyIM ora eka pASANa para utkIrNa lekha ke anusAra gommaTadeva ke abhiSekArtha tIna mAna dUdha pratidina dene ke lie cAra gadyANa kA dAna diyaa| ataH yaha samajhA jA sakatA hai ki cAra gadyANa kA byAja itanA hotA thA jisase tIna mAna arthAt lagabhaga chaha liTara dUdha pratidina kharIdA jA sakatA thaa| kintu anya abhilekha20 ke anusAra keti seTTi ne gommaTadeva ke nityAbhiSeka ke lie tIna gadyANa

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50 anekAnta 58/3-4 kA dAna diyA, jisake byAja se pratidina tIna mAna dUdha liyA jA ske| jaisA ki pahale kahA jA cukA hai ki usa samaya kI byAja kI pratizatatA koI nizcita nahIM thii| kyoMki uparokta donoM abhilekha eka hI sthAna tathA eka hI varSa ke haiN| taba bhI jamA kI gaI rAzi bhinna-bhinna hai| byAja kI pratizatatA ke kisI niSkarSa para pahuMcane se pahale tatkAlIna dhana kI ikAiyoM ko jAna lenA Avazyaka hai| eka gadyANa = 60 pai. ke samAna eka haNa 5 pai. ke samAna eka varaha = 30 pai. ke samAna eka hona yA hoga = 25 pai. ke samAna eka hAga = 3 pai. ke samAna isa prakAra dhana kI ikAiyoM kA jJAna hone ke pazcAt abhilekhoM meM Ae byAja sambandhI ullekhoM kA samajhanA sugama ho jAtA hai| 1275 I. ke abhilekhoM meM varNana AtA hai ki AdiyaNNa ne gommaTadeva ke nityAbhiSeka ke lie cAra gadyANa kA dAna diyaa| isa rakama ke eka hona' para eka 'hAga' mAsika byAja kI dara se eka 'balla' dUdha pratidina diyA jaae| ataH usa samaya 25 paise para 3 paise pratimAsa byAja diyA jAtA thaa| jisase byAja kI pratizatatA 12% nikalatI hai| jabaki 1206 I. abhilekha22 ke anusAra nagara ke vyApAriyoM ko yaha AjJA dI gaI ki ve sadaiva ATha haNa kA Taiksa diyA kareMge, jisase eka haNa byAja meM A sakatA hai arthAta 40 paise para 5 paise byAja milane se yaha siddha hotA hai ki byAja kI mAtrA 12 1/2% pratimAsa thii| uparokta donoM abhilekhoM ke adhyayana se hama isa niSkarSa para pahu~cate haiM ki bArahavIM-terahavIM zatAbdI meM byAja kI mAsika pratizatatA 12% ke Asa-pAsa thii| prAcIna yojanAeM : Adhunika sandarbha meM:-Alocya abhilekhoM ke adhyayana se yaha jJAta hotA ki ki usa samaya bhI Aja kI bhA~ti

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anekAnta 58/3-4 vibhinna baiMkiMga yojanAe~ pracalita thIM, jinameM nikSepa, nyAsa, aupanidhika, anvihita, yAcitaka, zilpinyAsa, pratinyAsa Adi pramukha thiiN| ye abhilekha usa samaya kI Arthika vyavasthA kA digdarzana karAte haiM jabaki kraya-vikraya vinimaya ke mAdhyama se hotA thaa| jamAkartA kucha dhana yA vastu jamA karavAkara usake badale byAja meM nagada rAzi na lekara vastu hI letA thaa| isI prakAra ke uddharaNa, jo Alocya abhilekhoM meM Ae haiM, kA vivecana pahale kiyA jA cukA hai| dhana jamA karavAkara usake byAja ke rUpa meM dUdha yA puSpa Adi lenA yA bhUmi dekara usase anya abhIpsita vastuoM kI prApti krnaa| uparokta prAcIna yojanAoM meM se zravaNabelgolA ke abhilekhoM meM do yojanAoM ke ullekha prApta hote haiM, jinheM Adhunika sandarbha meM sthAyI bacata yojanA aura Avarti jamA yojanA kahA jA sakatA hai| sthAyI bacata yojanA kI samAnatA prAcIna kAla meM pracalita 'aupAnidhika' nAmaka yojanA se kara sakate haiN| isake udAharaNa ke rUpa meM hama una abhilekhoM ko le sakate haiM jinameM kucha dhana jamA karavAkara usake byAja ke rUpa meM koI vastu (dUdha, pUjA sAmagrI Adi) sadaiva lete rahate the| Avarti jamA yojanA ke antargata hama una udAharaNoM ko dekha sakate haiM jinameM kucha dhana kI ikAI pratimAsa, prativarSa jamA karavAI jAtI thii| ina do yojana oM ke atirikta agrima RNa yojanA (Advance Loan Scheme) kI jhalaka bhI ina abhilekhoM meM milatI hai| inase jJAta hotA hai ki sampatti jamatA karane para kucha dhana RNa svarUpa mila jAtA thA aura jaba yaha dhana jamA na karavAyA jA sakA to usakA bhugatAna karane kI icchA mahArAjA cAmarAja auDeyara ne rahanadAroM ke samakSa vyakta kii| isa prakAra uparokta vivecana ke AdhAra para niSkarSa rUpa meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki bhAratavarSa meM baiMkiMga praNAlI IsA kI dUsarI-tIsarI zatAbdI se pahale vidyamAna thii| Alocya-kAla meM baiMka se sambandhita

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anekAnta 58/3-4 vibhinna prakAra kI paddhatiyAM vidyamAna thIM tathA jamA rAzi para lagabhaga 12% byAja diyA jAtA thaa| -rAmajasa kaoNleja dillI vizvavidyAlaya dillI-110007 - - - - saMdarbha : 1. e. i. bhAga ATha nAsika lekh| 2. je. zi. saM. bhAga eka le. saM. 93 / 3. jai. zi. saM. bhAga eka, le. saM. 981 . vahI le. saM. 811 5. vahI le. saM. 131 / vahIM le. sa. 971 vahIM le. sa. 941 vahIM le. saM. 951 vahIM le. saM. 4121 vahIM le. saM. 1351 vahI le. saM. 92 / vahIM le. saM. 4951 vahI le. saM. 53, 51, 96, 106, 129, 454, 476 aadi| vahIM le. saM. 4331 15. vahI le. saM. 841 16. vI le. saM. 140 / 17. vahI le. saM. 911 18. vahI le. saM. 941 19. jai. zi. sa. bhA eka, le sa. 951 20. vahIM le. sa 971 21. vahIM le. saM. 128 / 22. vahI le. saM. 91, 128, 136 aadi| 23. vahI le. saM. 84, 1401 - -

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jana-jana kI zraddhA ke pratIka bhagavAn gommaTeza __-samuta prasAda jaina jaina dharma ke Adya tIrthakara RSabhadeva ke parama parAkramI putra, podanapura nareza, prathama kAmadeva, tadbhava mokSagAmI bAhubalI kI samasta bhArata meM gommaTeza ke rUpa meM vandanA kI jAtI hai| bhagavAn zrI RSabhadeva kI rAnI yazasvatI ne bharata Adi ninyAnave zreSTha putra evaM kanyAratna brAhmI ko janma diyaa| dUsarI rAnI sunandA se sundarI nAmaka kanyA evaM putra bAhubalI kA janma huaa| sundarI aura bAhubalI ko pAkara rAnI sunandA aisI suzobhita huI jaise pUrva dizA prabhA ke sAtha-sAtha sUrya ko pAkara suzobhita hotI hai| sundara evaM hRSTa-puSTa bAlaka bAhubalI ko dekhakara nagara-jana mugdha ho jAte the| nagara kI striyA~ use manobhava, manoja manobhU, manmatha, aMgaja, madana Adi nAmoM se pukAratI thiiN| aSTamI ke candramA ke samAna vAhuvalI ke sundara evaM vistRta lalATa ko dekhakara aisA lagatA thA mAno brahmA ne rAjyapaTTa ko bAMdhane ke lie hI use itanA vistRta banAyA hai| bAhubalI ke vakSasthala para pAMca sau cAra lar3iyoM se gumphita vijayachanda hAra isa prakAra zobhAyamAna hotA thA jaise vizAla marakata maNi parvata para asaMkhya nirjhara pravAhita ho rahe hoN| bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne svayaM apanI sabhI putra-putriyoM ko sabhI prakAra kI vidyAoM kA abhyAsa evaM kalAoM kA parijJAna kraayaa| kumAra bAhubalI ko unhoMne vizeSa kAmanIti, strI-puruSoM ke lakSaNa, Ayurveda, dhanurveda, ghor3A-hAthI Adi ke lakSaNa jAnane ke tantra aura ratna parIkSA Adi ke zAstroM meM nipuNa bnaayaa| sundara vastrAbhUSaNoM se sajjita, vidyAdhyayana meM tallIna RSabha-santati ko dekhakara purajana pulakita ho uThate the| AcArya jinasena ne ina putra-putriyoM se zobhAyamAna bhagavAn RbhaSadeva kI tulanA jyotipI devoM ke samUha se ghire hue UMce meru parvata se kI hai|

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54 anekAnta 58/3-4 una saba rAjakumAroM meM tejasvI bharata sUrya ke samAna suzobhita hote the aura bAhubalI candramA ke samAna zeSa rAjaputra graha, nakSatra tathA tArAgaNa ke samAna zobhAyamAna hote the| brAhmI dIpti ke samAna aura sundarI cAMdanI ke samAna kAnti bikheratI thiiN| bhagavAn RSabhadeva ko kAlAntara meM nIlAMjanA apsarA kA nRtya dekhate-dekhate saMsAra se vairAgya ho gyaa| unhoMne mahAbhiniSkramaNa ke samaya apane jyeSTha putra bharata kA rAjyAbhiSeka karAkara yuvarAja pada para bAhubalI ko pratiSThita kiyaa| zeSa putroM ke lie bhI unhoMne vizAla pRthvI kA vibhAjana kara diyaa| rAjA bharata ne sampUrNa pRthvImaMDala ko ekachatra zAsana ke antargata saMgaThita karane kI bhAvanA se digvijaya kA abhiyAna kiyaa| unhoMne apane parama pauruSa se himavAn parvata se lekara pUrva dizA ke samudra taka aura dakSiNa samudra se lekara pazcima samudra taka samasta pRthvI ko vaza meM kara cakravartI rAjya kI prasthApanA kii| sATha hajAra varSa kI vijaya yAtrA ke uparAnta samrATa bharata ne jaba apanI rAjadhAnI ayodhyA nagarI meM praveza kiyA, usaya samaya senA kI agrima paMkti meM nirbAdha rUpa se gatizIla cakraratna sahasA ruka gyaa| samrAT bharata isa ghaTanA se vismita ho ge| unhoMne apane purohita evaM mantriyoM se prazna kiyA ki aba kyA jItanA zeSa raha gayA hai? nimittajJAnI purohita ne yaktipUrvaka nivedana kiyA ki Apake bhAiyoM ne abhI taka ApakI AdhInatA svIkAra nahIM kI hai| cakravartI sAmrAjya kI sthApanA meM saMlagna mahAbAha bharata ko yaha vizvAsa thA ki unake sahodara unakI AdhInatA ko svIkAra kara leNge| kintu svatantratA premI sahodaroM dvArA bharata ko isa bhUtala kA ekamAtra adhipati na mAna pAne ke kAraNa samrAT bharata ko krodha ho aayaa| unake mana meM yaha vizvAsa ho gayA ki yadyapi unake sau bhAI haiM, kintu ve sabhI svayaM ko avadhya mAnakara praNAma karane aura merI AdhInatA mAnane se vimukha ho rahe haiN| nimittajJAnI purohita kI mantraNA se anuja bandhuoM ko

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anekAnta 58/3-4 anukUla banAne ke lie vizeSa dUta bheje gae / bAhubalI ke atirikta samrAT bharata ke zeSa anya sahodaroM ne pitA ke na hone para bar3A bhAI hI choTe bhAIyoM ke dvArA pUjya hotA hai, aisA mAnakara apane pitAzrI se mArgadarzana lene kA nirNaya kiyaa| unhoMne kailAza parvata para sthita jagatavandanIya bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke pAvana caraNoM kI vandanA ke pazcAt unase nivedana kiyA tvatpraNAmAnuraktAnAM tvatprasAdAbhikAGkSiNAm / tvadvacaH kiMkarANAM no yadvA tadvA'stu nAparam / / kahA ( AdipurANa, parva 34 / 102 ) arthAt Apako praNAma karane meM tatpara, hama loga anya kisI kI upAsanA nahIM karanA caahte| tIrthakara RSabhadeva ne apane dharmaparAyaNa putroM kA mArgadarzana karate hue 55 bhaMginA kimu rAjyena jIvitena calena kim / kiM ca bho yauvanonmAdairaizvaryabaladUSitaiH / / kiM ca bho viSayAsvAdaH ko'pyanAsvAdito'sti vaH / sa eva punarAsvAdaH kiM tenAstyAzitaMbhavaH / / yatra zastrANi mitrANi zatravaH putrabAndhavAH / kalatraM sarvabhogINA dharA rAjyaM dhigIdRzam / / tadalaM sparddhayA dadhvaM yUyaM dharmamahAtaroH / dayAkusumamamlAni yattanmuktiphalapradam / / parArAdhanadainyonaM parairArAdhyameva yat / tadvo mahAbhimAnAnAM tapo mAnAbhirakSaNam / / dIkSA rakSA guNA bhRtyA dayeyaM prANavallabhA / iti jyAya staporAjyamidaM zlAghyaparicchadam / / ( AdipurANa, parva 34 )

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anekAnta 58/3-4 ____ arthAt he putroM ! isa vinAzI rAjya se kyA prayojana siddha ho sakatA hai? isa rAjya ke lie hI zatru mitra ho jAte haiM, putra aura bhAI zatru ho jAte haiM tathA sabake bhogane yogya pRthvI hI strI ho jAtI hai| aise rAjya ko dhikkAra ho| tuma loga dharma vRkSa ke dayArUpI puSpa ko dhAraNa karo jo kabhI bhI mlAna nahIM hotA aura jisa para muktirUpI mahAphala lagatA hai| uttama tapazcaraNa hI mAna kI rakSA karane vAlA hai| dIkSA hI rakSA karane vAlI hai, guNa hI sevaka hai, aura yaha dayA hI prANapyArI strI hai| isa prakAra jisakI saba sAmagrI prazaMsanIya hai aisA yaha taparUpI rAjya hI utkRSTha rAjya hai| bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke mukhAravinda se sAMsArika sukhoM kI nazvaratA aura mukti lakSmI ke zAsvata sukha ke upadezAmRta kA zravaNa kara bharata ke sabhI anujoM ne digambarI dIkSA grahaNa kara lii| svatantratA premI podanapura nareza bAhubalI aba samrAT bharata ke lie ekamAtra cintA kA kAraNa raha gye| __samrAT bharata apane anuja bAhubalI ke buddhicAturya evaM raNakauzala se avagata the| AdipurANa ke paiMtIsaveM parva (padya 6-7) meM vaha bAhubalI ko taruNa buddhimAna, paripATI vijJa, vinayI, catura aura sajjana mAnate haiN| padya 8 meM ve bAhubalI kI apratima zakti, svAbhimAna, bhujabala kI prazaMsA karate haiN| bAhubalI ke sambandha meM vicAra karate hue samrATa bharata kA mana yaha svIkAra karatA hai ki vaha nIti meM catura hone se abhedya hai, aparimita zakti kA svAmI hone ke kAraNa yuddha meM ajeya hai, usakA Azaya mere anukUla nahIM hai| isalie zAnti kA prayoga bhI nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| arthAt bAhubalI ke sambandha meM bheda, daNDa aura sAma tInoM hI prakAra ke upAyoM se kAma nahIM liyA jA sktaa| apabhraMza kavi svayambhUdeva evaM puSpadanta ne mahAbalI bAhubalI kI aparimita zakti se samrAT bharata ko avagata karAne ke lie kramazaH maMtrI evaM purohita kA vidhAna kiyA hai| mahAkavi svayambhU ke paumacariu kA mantrI rAjAdhirAja bharata se kahatA haipoaNa-paramesaru carama-dehu / akhaliya-maraTu jayalacchi-gehu / / duvvaar-viri-viirnt-kaalu| NAmeNa vAhubali vala-visAlu / /

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anekAnta 58/3-4 57 sIhu jema pakkhariyau khantie~ dhariyau jai so kaha vi viyaTTaha / to sahu~ khandhAvAreM ekka- pahAreM pai mi deva dalavaTThai / / ( paumacariu, cauthI sandhi 2 / 6-9 ) arthAt podanapura kA rAjA aura caramazarIrI, askhalitamAna aura vijaya lakSmI kA ghara, durjeya zatruoM ke lie yama, bala meM mahAnU, nAma se bAhubalI, siMha kI taraha saMnaddha parama kSamAzIla vaha yadi kisI taraha vighaTita hotA hai to he deva ! vaha skaMdhAvAra sahita Apako bhI eka hI prahAra meM cUra-cUra kara degA / mahAkavi puSpadanta ne 'mahApurANa' (sandhi 16 / 11 ) meM catura purohita ke dvArA bAhubalI kI sAdhana sampannatA evaM zaurya se rAjA bharata ko paricita karAte hue kahA hai ki bAhubalI ke pAsa koza, deza, padabhakta, parijana, sundara anurakta antaHpura, kula, chala-bala, sAmarthya, pavitratA, nikhilajanoM kA anurAga, yazakIrtana, vinaya, vicArazIla budha saMgama, pauruSa buddhi, Rddhi, devodyama gaja, rAjA, jaMgama mahIdhara, ratha, karabha aura turaMgama haiM / isa prakAra kI akalpita sthiti ke nivAraNa ke lie bAhubalI ke pAsa dUta mantrI bhejane kA nirNaya liyA gyaa| mahAkavi svayambhU ke anusAra rAjA bharata ne apane mantriyoM ko parAmarza diyA ki ve bAhubalI ko unakI AjJA svIkAra karane kA Adeza deM aura yadi vaha mere prabhutva ko svIkAra na kareM to isa prakAra kI yukti nikAlI jAe jisase hama donoM kA yuddha anivArya ho jaae| mahAkavi puSpadanta ke purohita ne samrAT bharata ko parAmarza diyA ki Apa usake pAsa dUta bhejeN| yadi vaha Apako namana karatA hai to usakA pAlana kiyA jAe anyathA bAhubalI ko pakar3a liyA jAe aura use bAMdhakara kArAgAra meM DAla diyA jaae| AdipurANa kA samrAT bharata bAhubalI dvArA AdhInatA na svIkAra karane para duHkhI hai aura usakI samajha meM yaha nahIM A rahA hai ki mere anuja bAhubalI ne aisA kyoM kiyA? usane bAhubalI ko apane anukUla banAne ke lie niHsRSTArtha rAjadUta sarasvatI evaM lakSmI se maMDita paramasundara bAhubalI

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anekAnta 58/3-4 kI apUrva kAnti ko dekhakara mugdha ho gyaa| bAhubalI ke saundarya meM use teja rUpa paramANuoM kA darzana huaa| catura rAjadUta kI kUTanIti ko viphala karate hue yuvA bAhubalI ne AkSepa sahita kahA prema aura vinaya ye donoM paraspara mile hue kuTumbI logoM meM hI sambhava ho sakate haiN| bar3A bhAI namaskAra karane yogya hai yaha bAta anya samaya meM acchI taraha hamezA ho sakatI hai parantu jisane mastaka para talavAra rakha chor3I hai usako praNAma karanA yaha kauna-sI rIti hai? tejasvI manuSyoM ke lie jo kucha thor3A-bahuta apanI bhujArUpI vRkSa kA phala prApta hotA hai vahI prazaMsanIya hai, unake lie dUsare kI bhauMharUpI latA kA phala arthAt bhauMha ke izAre se prApta huA cAra samudraparyanta pRthvI kA aizvarya bhI prazaMsanIya nahIM hai| jo puruSa rAjA hokara bhI dUsare ke apamAna se malina huI vibhUti ko dhAraNa karatA hai nizcaya se usa manuSyarUpI pazu ke lie usa rAjya kI samasta sAmagrI bhAra ke samAna hai| vana meM nivAsa karanA aura prANoM ko chor3a denA acchA hai kintu apane kula kA abhimAna rakhane vAle puruSa ko dUsare kI AjJA ke adhIna rahanA acchA nahIM hai| dhIra-vIra puruSoM ko cAhie ki ve ina nazvara prANoM ke dvArA apane abhimAna kI rakSA kareM kyoMki abhimAna ke sAtha kamAyA huA yaza isa saMsAra ko sadA suzobhita karatA hai| samrAT bharata kI rAjyalipsA kA virodha karate hue bAhubalI spaSTa zabdoM meM kahate haiM dUta tAtavitI no mahImenAM kulocitAm / bhrAtRjAyAmivA'ditso nasyi lajjA bhvtpteH|| deyamanyat svatantreNa yathAkAma jigssunnaa| muktvA kulakalatraM ca kSamAtalaM ca mujArjitam / / bhUyasta dalamAlapya sa vA muktAM mahItalam / ciramekAtapatrADakamahaM vA mujvikrmii|| (AdipurANa, parva 35)

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anekAnta 58/3-4 he dUta! pitAjI ke dvArA dI huI. yaha hamAre hI kula kI pRthvI bharata ke lie bhAI kI strI ke samAna hai| aba vaha use hI lenA cAhatA hai! tere aise svAmI ko kyA lajjA nahIM AtI? jo manuSya svatantra hai aura icchAnusAra zatruoM ko jItane kI icchA rakhate haiM ve apane kula kI striyoM aura bhujAoM se kamAI huI pRthvI ko chor3akara bAkI saba kucha de sakate haiN| isalie bAra-bAra kahanA vyartha hai, eka chatra se cihnita isa pRthvI ko vaha bharata hI cirakAla taka upabhoga kare athavA bhujAoM meM parAkrama rakhane vAlA maiM hI upabhoga kruuN| mujhe parAjita kiye binA vaha isa pRthvI kA upabhoga nahIM kara sktaa| mahAkavi svayaMbhU ke 'paumacariu' kA mantrI rAjA bAhubalI ko uttejita karane ke lie kahatA hai ki jisa prakAra anya bhAI samrATa bharata kI AjJA mAnakara rahate haiM, usI prakAra Apa bhI rhie| svAbhimAnI bAhubalI uttara dete haiM ki yaha dharatI to pitAjI kI dena hai| maiM kisI anya kI sevA nahIM kara sktaa| bAhubalI dvArA apane pakSa kA aucitya siddha karane aura samrATa bharata kI AdhInatA na svIkAra karane para bharata ke mantrI ne krodha ke vazIbhUta hokara bAhubalI ke svAbhimAna ko lalakArate hue kahA'jai vi tujjhu imu maNDalu vahu-cintiya-phalu Asi samappiu vappeM / gAmu sImu khalu khettu vi sarisava-mettu vi to vi NAhi~ viNu kappeM / / (paumacariu) ___ arthAt yadi tuma samajhate ho ki yaha dharatI-maNDala tumheM pitAjI ne bahuta soca-vicAra kara diyA hai, to yAda rakho gAMva, sImA, khalihAna aura kheta, eka sarasoM bhara bhI, binA kara diye tumhAre nahIM ho skte| mahAbhArata meM bhagavAn kRSNa se kauravarAja duryodhana ne isI prakAra kI darpapUrNa bhASA kA prayoga kiyA thaa| mantrI ke pratyuttara meM mahAparAkramI bAhubalI ne vIrocita uttara dete hue kahA-vaha eka cakra ke bala para garva kara rahA hai| vaha nahIM jAnatA ki cakra se usakA manoratha siddha nahIM hogaa| maiM use yaddhakSetra meM aisA kara dUMgA jisase usakA mAna sadA ke lie cUra ho jaae|

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60 anekAnta 58/3-4 mahAkavi puSpadanta ke mahAkAvya kA rAjadUta samrATa bharata kI aparimita zakti kA vivecana kara bAhubalI ko yuddha meM parAjita hone kA bhaya dikhalAkara bharata ko kara dene kA sujhAva detA hai| svAbhimAnI bAhabalI apane Antarika guNoM ke anurUpa rAjadUta ko gAgara meM sAgara jaisA uttara dete hue kahate haiM kaMdappu adappu Na homi hauM dUyayakarau nnivaariu|| saMkappeM so mahu keraeNa pahu Dajjhihai nniraariu|| (mahApurANa) arthAt maiM (kAmadeva) hUM, adarpa (darpahIna) nahIM ho sktaa| maiMne dUta samajhakara manA kiyA hai| mere saMkalpa se vaha rAjA nizcita rUpa se dagdha hogaa| eka siddhAnta priya rAjA ke rUpa meM bAhubalI rAjya ke varcasva ko banAe rakhane ke lie apane parAkramI agraja bhrAtA se bhI yuddha karane ko sannaddha ho jAte haiN| eka aitihAsika satya yaha bhI hai ki mahAkavi svayambhU, AcArya jinasena evaM mahAkavi pampa (san 941 I.) ne 'AdipurANa' (kannaDa) meM yaza ko hI rAjA kI ekamAtra sampatti ghoSita kiyA hai| isIlie bhagavAn bAhubalI ke virAT vyaktitva meM 8vIM-9vIM zatAbdI ke bhAratIya itihAsa ke prANavAn mUlya svayameva samAhita ho gae haiN| rASTrIya cetanA se anuprANita aparAjeya bAhubalI rAjyalakSmI ke mada se pIr3ita rAjA bharata ke rAjadUta ke anItipUrNa prastAva kI avahelanA karake podanapura ke nagarajanoM ko apane parivAra kA abhinna aMga mAnate hue ojapUrNa vANI meM kahate haiM jaM diNNaM mahesiNA duriyaNAsiNA nnyrdesmettN| taM maha lihiyasAsaNaM kula vihUsaNaM harai ko pahuttaM / / kesarikesarU varasaithaNayalu, suhaDahu saraNu majjhu dhrnniiylu| jo hatyeNa chivai so kehau, kiM kayaMtu kAlANalu jehu|| (mahApurANa)

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anekAnta 58/3-4 61 arthAt pApoM ko nAza karane vAle maharSi RSabha ne jo sImita nagara deza diye haiM vaha mere kulavibhUiSita likhita zAsana haiM, usa prabhutva kA kauna apaharaNa karatA hai? siMha kI ayAla, uttama satI ke stana tala, subhaTa kI zaraNa aura mere dharaNI tala ko jo apane hAtha se chUtA hai, maiM usake lie yama aura kAlAnala ke samAna hU~? ___ podanapura ke sukhI nAgarika bhI apane rAjA bAhubalI kI lokakalyANakArI nItiyoM ke anugAmI the| yuddha kA avasara upasthita hone para podanapura ke nivAsiyoM meM utsAha kA vAtAvaraNa bana gyaa| podanapura kI janatA ke dRSTikoNa ko prastuta karate hue AcArya jinasena ne kahA hai, "jo puruSa avasara par3ane para svAmI kA sAtha nahIM dete ve ghAsa-phUsa ke bane hue puruSoM ke samAna sArahIna haiN|" cakravartI sAmrAjya kI sthApanA meM saMlagna samrAT bharata ne rAjadUtoM ke viphala ho jAne para svatantratA-premI rAjA bAhubalI ke rAjya podanapura para caturaMginI senA ke dvArA gherA DAla diyaa| ___ mahAkavi svayambhU ke anusAra rAjA bAhubalI ke dUtoM ne use bharata ke yuddhAbhiyAna kI sUcanA dete hue kahA-zIghra hI nikalie deva! pratipakSa samudra kI bhAMti vegavAna gati se bar3ha rahA hai| apane rAjya para zatru-pakSa ke prabala AkramaNa ko dekhakara zUravIra bAhubalI ne raNakSetra meM vizeSa sajjA kii| mahAkavi svayambhU ke anusAra bAhubalI kI eka hI senA ne bharata kI sAta akSauhiNI senA ko kSubdha kara diyaa| raNakSetra meM ekatrita samrAT bharata evaM podanapura nareza bAhubalI kI senAoM meM yuddha huA athavA nahIM, isa sambandha meM jaina purANakAroM meM matabheda hai| AcArya raviSeNa (padmapurANa parva 4/69) ke anusAra donoM pakSoM meM hAthiyoM ke samUha kI Takkara se utpanna hue zabda se yuddha prArambha huaa| usa yuddha meM aneka prANI mAre ge| AcArya jinasena ne harivaMzapurANa (sarga 11/79) meM donoM senAoM ke madhya vivatA nadI ke pazcimI bhAga meM huI muThabher3a kA ullekha kiyA hai| mahAkavi svayambhU ke paumacariu (saMdhi 4/8/8) ke anusAra raktaraMjita tIroM

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anekAnta 58/3-4 se donoM senAe~ aisI bhayaMkara ho uThIM mAno donoM kusumbhI raMga meM raMga gayI hoN| mahakavi puSpadanta ke mahApurANa ke anusAra donoM senAoM kI yuddha sajjA abhUtapUrva thI aura kisI bhI kSaNa pRthvI para virATa yuddha hone kI sthiti bana gaI thii| AcArya jinasena ke AdipurANa meM donoM rAjAoM kI senAeM yuddhakSetra meM A gaI thIM kintu donoM meM yuddha nahIM huaa| unake anusAra yuddha kA zrIgaNeza hone se pahale hI donoM pakSoM ke mantriyoM ne Avazyaka mantraNA ke uparAnta donoM rAjAoM ko paraspara tIna prakAra ke yuddha-jalayuddha, dRSTiyuddha aura bAhuyuddha ke lie taiyAra kara liyA thaa| svayambhU ke 'paumacariu', AcArya jinasena ke 'harivaMzapurANa', puSpadanta ke 'mahApurANa' ke anusAra donoM pakSoM ke mantriyoM ne dezavAsiyoM ke vyApaka hita aura paristhitiyoM kA Akalana karate hue donoM rAjAoM se paraspara tIna prakAra ke yuddha karane kA prastAva rakhA thaa| yuddha meM parAkrama evaM pauruSa ke pradarzana ke lie utsuka senA ko yuddha-virAma kA Adeza dene ke lie mahAkavi puSpadanta ne eka nATakIya yukti kA prayoga kiyA hai'vihiM balahaM manjhi jo muyai baann| tahu hosai risahahu taNiya ANa' arthAt donoM senAoM ke bIca jo bANa chor3atA hai, use zrI RSabhanAtha kI shpth| prArambhika jaina sAhitya kA avalokana karane se jJAta hotA hai ki yuddhakSetra meM donoM pakSoM ke niraparAdha yoddhAoM ko mRtyu ke mukha kA AliMgana karate hue dekhakara udAracetA bAhubalI ne svayaM samrAT bharata ke sammukha dRSTi yuddha kA prastAva rakhA thaa| AcArya raviSeNa ke anusAra samrATa bharata ke yuddhonmAdajanya pariNAmoM ko dRSTigata karate hue bhujAoM ke bala se suzobhita bAhubalI ne ha~sakara rAjA bharata se kahA ki isa prakAra se niraparAdha prANiyoM ke vadha se hamArA aura ApakA kyA prayojana siddha ho sakatA hai| usane svayaM eka mahAyoddhA kI bhAMti mAnavIya samasyAoM ke . nidAna ke lie ahiMsaka yuddha kA prastAva rAjA bharata ke sammukha rakhA

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anekAnta 58/3-4 62 athovAca vihasyaivaM bharataM baahuvikrmii| kiM varAkena lokena nihtenaamunaavyoH|| yadi niHspandayA dRSTyA bhavatAhaM praajitH| tato nirjita evAsmi dRSTiyuddhe pravartyatAm / / (padmapurANa, saMdhi 4/70-71) jaina saMskRti ke poSaka rAjA bAhubalI dvArA yuddhakSetra meM niraparAdha manuSyoM ke anAvazyaka saMhAra se bacane ke lie ahiMsAtmaka yuddha kA prastAva tarkasaMgata lagatA hai| cakravartI rAjya kI sthApanA meM saMlagna AgrahavAdI samrAT bharata ke lie digvijaya atyAvazyaka thii| isIlie use apane prANapriya anuja para AkramaNa karanA pdd'aa| isake viparIta rAjA bAhabalI kA uddezya apane rAjya kI prabhusattA ko banAe rakhanA thaa| rAjA bAhubalI ne apane dRSTikoNa ko prastuta karate hue kahA thA pavasanteM prm-jinnesrenn| jaM kiM pi vihajjevi diNNu teNa / / taM amhahu~ sAsaNu suh-nnihaannu| kiu vippiu Nau keNa vi smaannu|| so pihimihaiM hau~ poyaNahoM saami| Nau demi Na lemi Na pAsu jAmi / / dikhUNa teNa kira kavaNu kajju / (paumacariu, sandhi 4/4) arthAt dIkSA lete samaya pitAjI ne baeNTavAre meM jitanI dharatI mujhe dI thI, usa para merA sukhada zAsana hai, kisI ke sAtha maiMne kucha burA bhI nahIM kiyaa| vaha bharata to sArI dharatI kA svAmI hai, maiM to kevala podanapura kA adhipati hUM, na to maiM kucha detA hUM aura na letA hUM aura na usake pAsa jAtA huuN| usase bheMTa karane meM merA kauna-sA kAma banegA? ataH AtmavizvAsa se maMDita parAkramI bAhubalI dvArA podanapura kI

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anekAnta 58/3-4 asmitA kI rakSA ke lie svayaM ko dAMva para lagA denA asaMgata nahIM hai vaise bhI bAhubalI ko jaina purANa zAstra meM prathama kAmadeva mAnA gayA hai| saundaryazAstra ke rasasiddha mahApuruSa ke lie apanI janmabhUmi ayodhyA aura apane rAjyakSetra podanapura ke nivAsiyoM kA yuddhoparAnta dAruNa duHkha dekhA jAnA sambhava nahIM thaa| isIlie unhoMne samrAT bharata se vijayI hone ke lie tIna prakAra ke yuddhoM kA prastAva svayaM rakhA thaa| AcArya vimalasUrikRta 'paumacariu' aura 'AvazyakacUrNi' kI gAthAoM ke anusAra bhI rAjA bAhubalI ne loka kalyANa kI bhAvanA se ahiMsaka yuddha kA prastAva rakhA bhaNao ya bAhubaliNA, cakkaharo kiM vaheNa laayess| doNhaM pi hou jujhaM, diTThImuTThIhiM rnnmjhe|| (paumacariu, 4, 43) tAhe te sababaleNa do vi desate miliyA, tAhe bAhubaliNA bhaNiyAM-kiM aNavarAhiNA logeNa mArieNa? tumaM ahaM ca duyagA jujjhaamo| (AvazyakacUrNi, pR.210) samrATa bharata evaM rAjA bAhubalI donoM ko apane apratima zaurya para agAdha vizvAsa thaa| isIlie donoM caramazarIrI mahAyoddhA tIna prakAra ke prastAvita yuddha meM apanI zakti ke parIkSaNa ke lie sotsAha maidAna meM utara ge| tIrthakara RSabhadeva ke ina donoM balazAlI putroM ko yuddhakSetra meM dekhakara AcArya jinasena ko aisA pratIta huA jaise niSadha aura nIlaparvata pAsa-pAsa A gae hoN| unhoMne yuddhotsuka bAhubalI evaM bharata kI tulanA kramazaH UMce jambUvRkSa evaM cUlikAsahita girirAja sumerU se kI hai| vijayalakSmI ke AkAMkSI samrATa bharata evaM bAhubalI ke madhya pUrva nirdhArita tInoM yuddha hue| jaina purANakAroM ne ina donoM mahApuruSoM ke parAkrama kA adbhuta varNana kiyA hai| inake yuddha ke prasaMga meM jaina kAvyakAroM ne laukika evaM alaukika aneka upamAnoM kA sundara saMyojana kiyA hai| samrATa bharata evaM rAjA bAhubalI ke dRSTiyuddha kA vivaraNa dete hue mahAkavi svayambhU ne likhA hai

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anekAnta 58/3-4 avaloiu bharaheM paDhamu bhaai| kailAseM kaJcaNa-sailu nnaaii|| asiya-siyAyamba vihAi ditttti| NaM kuvalaya-kamala-ravinda-vihi / / puNu joiu vaahuvliisrenn| sare kumuya-saNDu NaM diNayareNa / / avraamuh-hetttthaamuh-muhaaii| NaM vr-vhu-vynn-sroruhaaii|| uvarilliyae~ visAlae~ bhiuDi-karAlae~ heTThima diTThi prijjy| NaM Nava-jovvaNaittI caJcala-cittI kulavahu ijjae~ tjjiy|| (paumacariu, sandhi 4/9) arthAt unhoMne (nandA aura sunandA ke putroM ne) dRSTiyuddha prArambha kiyA, sabase pahale bharata ne apane bhAI ko dekhA, mAno kailAsa parvata ne sumeru parvata ko dekhA ho| kAle aura sapheda bAdaloM ke samAna usakI dRSTi usa samaya aisI zobhita ho rahI thI mAno nIle aura sapheda kamaloM kI varSA ho rahI ho| usake bAda bAhubalI ne bharata para dRSTipAta kiyA mAno sUrya ne sarovara meM kumuda-samUha ko dekhA ho| parAjita bharata kA mukha uttama kula-vadhU kI taraha sahasA nIce jhuka gyaa| bAhubalI kI vizAla bhauhoM vAlI dRSTi se bharata kI dRSTi aisI nIcI ho gayI jaise sAsa se tAr3ita caMcalacitta navayauvanA kula-vadhU namra ho jAtI hai| dRSTiyuddha meM parAjita hone para bharata evaM bAhubalI meM jala-yuddha evaM bAha-yuddha meM vijayI hone para bAhubalI ne pRthvI maDala ke vijetA rAjA bharata ko hAthoM para isa prakAra se uThA liyA jaise janma ke samaya bAlajina ko indrarAja ne zraddhA se bAhuo para uThA liyA thA uccAiu ubhaya-kareMhi grindu| sakkeNa va jammaNe jiNa- varindu / / etthantareM vaahuvliisraasu| Amelliu devehiM kusuma-vAsu / / (paumacariu, sandhi 4/11) rAjA bAhubalI ke jayotsava para svarga ke devoM ne harSAtirekapUrvaka puSpa vRSTi kii| samrATa bharata isa parAjaya se hataprabha ho gye| loka-nIti kA

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anekAnta 58/3-4 tyAga karake unhoMne apane anuja bAhubalI ke parAbhava ke lie amogha zastra 'cakraratna' kA smaraNa kiyA / udAra bAhubalI para 'cakraratna' ke prayoga ko dekhakara donoM pakSoM ke nyAyapriya yoddhAoM ne samrAT bharata ke AcaraNa kI nindA kii| rAjA bAhubalI caramazarIrI the / phalataH cakraratna unakI parikramA karake samrAT bharata ke pAsa niSphala hokara lauTa aayaa| 66 apane agraja bharata kI sAmrAjya lipsA evaM rAjyalakSmI ko hastagata karane ke lie svabandhu para cakraratna ke varjita prayoga ko dRSTigata karate hue paramakAruNika mUrti bAhubalI meM isa asAra saMsAra ke prati virakta bhAva utpanna ho gyaa| nItiparAyaNa dharmajJa samrAT bharata ke isa abhadra AcaraNa ko dekhakara bAhubalI socane lage acintayacca kinnAma kRte rAjyasya bhaMginaH / lajjAkaro vidhirmAtrA jyeSThenAyamanuSThitaH / / vipAkakaTusAmrAjyaM kSaNadhvaMsi dhigastvidam / dustyajaM tyajadapyetadaMgibhirduSkalatravat / / kAlavyAlagajenedamAyurAlAnakaM balAt / cAlyate yadvalAdhAnaM jIvitAlambanaM nRNAm / / zarIravalametacca gajakarNavadasthiram / rogA khU pahataM cedaM jaraddehakuTIrakam / / ityazAzvatamapyetad rAjyAdi bharatezvaraH / zAzvataM manyate kaSTaM mohopahatacetanaH / ( AdipurANa, parva 36 / 70-71evaM 88-90) arthAt hamAre bar3e bhAI ne isa nazvara rAjya ke lie yaha kaisA lajjAjanaka kArya kiyA hai / yaha sAmrAjya phalakAla meM bahuta duHkha dene vAlA hai, aura kSaNabhaMgura hai isalie ise dhikkAra ho / yaha vyabhicAriNI strI ke samAna hai kyoMki jisa prakAra vyabhicAriNI strI eka pati ko chor3akara anya pati ke pAsa calI jAtI hai usI prakAra yaha sAmrAjya bhI

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anekAnta 58/3-4 67 eka pati ko chor3akara anya pati ke pAsa calA jAtA hai| jisake bala kA sahArA manuSyoM ke jIvana kA Alambana hai aisA yaha AyurUpI khambhA kAlarUpI duSTa hAthI ke dvArA jabaradastI ukhAr3a diyA jAtA hai| yaha zarIra kA bala hAthI ke kAna ke samAna caMcala hai aura yaha jIrNa-zIrNa zarIrarUpI jhopar3A rogarUpI cUhoM ke dvArA naSTa kiyA huA hai| isa prakAra yaha rAjyAdi saba vinazvara haiN| phira bhI, moha ke udaya se jisakI cetanA naSTa ho gayI hai aisA bharata inheM nitya mAnatA hai yaha kitane duHkha kI bAta hai? cintana kI isI prakriyA meM unhoMne rAjya ke tyAga kA nirNaya le liyaa| apane nirNaya se samrAT bharata ko avagata karAte hue unhoMne kahA deva majjhu khamabhAu krejjsu| jaM paDikUliu taM ma yasenjasu / appau lacchivilAseM rNjhi| lai mahi tuhu~ ji NarAhiva muNjhi| nnhnnivddiynniilupplvihihi| hauM puNu saraNu jAmi prmetttthihi| (mahApurANa,sandhi 18/2) arthAt he deva! mujha para kSamAbhAva kIjie aura jo maiMne pratikUla AcaraNa kiyA hai usa para kruddha mata hoie| apane ko lakSmIvilAsa se raMjita kiijie| yaha dharatI Apa hI leM, aura isakA bhoga kreN| maiM, jina para AkAza se nIlakamaloM kI vRSTi huI hai, aise parameSThI Adi-nAtha kI zaraNa meM jAtA huuN| anuja ke mukhAravinda se nikalI huI vANI se bharata ke santapta mana ko zAnti milii| bAhubalI ke vinamra evaM zAlIna vyavahAra ko dekhakara samrAT bharata vismayamugdha ho gaye aura unake udAtta caritra kA guNagAna karate hue kahane lagepaiM jiha teyavaMtu Na divaayru| Nau gaMbhIru hoi rynnaayru| paI dujasakalaMku pkkhaaliu| NAhiNariMdarvasu ujjaaliu| purisarayaNu tuI jagi ekkllu| jeNa kayau mahu balu veyllu| ko samatyu uvasamu pddivjji| jagi jasaDhakka kAsu kira vjji| paI muevi tihuyaNi

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68 anekAnta 58/3-4 ko cNg| aNNu kavaNu paccakkhu annNgu| aNNu kavaNu jinnpykypesnnu| aNNu kavaNu rkkhiynnivsaasnnu| (mahApurANa, sandhi 18/3) tuma jitane tejasvI ho, utanA divAkara bhI tejasvI nahIM hai| tumhAre samAna samudra bhI gambhIra nahIM hai| tumane apayaza ke kalaMka ko dho liyA hai aura nAbhirAja ke kula ko ujjvala kara liyA hai| tuma vizva meM akele puruSaratna ho jisane mere bala ko bhI vikala kara diyaa| kauna samartha vyakti zAnti ko svIkAra karatA hai| vizva meM kisake yaza kA DaMkA bajatA hai| tumheM chor3akara tribhuvana meM kauna bhalA hai? dUsarA kauna pratyakSa kAmadeva hai| dUsarA kauna jinapadoM kI sevA karane vAlA hai aura dUsarA kauna nRpazAsana kI rakSA karane vAlA hai| dIkSArthI bahubalI ne sAMsArika sukho kA tyAga karate hue apane putra ko rAjya bhAra dekara tapasyA ke lie vana me praveza kiyaa| unhone samasta bhogI ko tyAga kara vastrAbhUSaNa utArakara pheMka die aura eka varSa taka merU parvata ke samAna niSkampa khar3e rahakara pratimA yoga dhAraNa kara liyaa| ____dIkSA rUpI latA se AliMgita bAhubalI bhagavAn nivRttipradhAna sAdhuoM ke lie zatAbdiyoM se preraNA-puMja rahe haiN| mahAkavi svayaMbhU ne 'paumacariu' meM bhagavAn bAhubalI kI tapazcaryA kA saMkSipta kintu prabhAvazAlI citrAMkana isa prakAra kiyA hai veDDhiu sucha visAlehi vellI-jAlehi ahi-vicchiy-vsmiiyhi| khaNu vi Na mukku bhaDArau mayaNa-viyArau NaM saMsArahoM bhiiyhiN| (paumacariu, saMdhi 4/12) arthAt parvata kI taraha acala aura zAnta citta hokara khar3e rhe| bar3I-bar3I latAoM ke jAloM, sApa-bicchuoM aura bAMviyo se ve acchI taraha ghira gaye, kAmanAzaka bhaTTAraka bAhubali eka kSaNa bhI unase mukta nahIM hue| mAno saMsAra kI bhItiyoM hI ne unheM na chor3A ho! mahAkavi puSpadanta ne bhagavAn bAhubalI kI akAma-sAdhanA ko vizva

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anekAnta 58/3-4 kI sarvopari upalabdhi mAnate hue cakravartI bharata ke mukhAravinda se kahalavAyA hai "thuNai NarAhiu payapaDiyallau paI muevi jagi ko viNa bhllu| paI kAmeM akAmu pAraddhau paI rAeM arAu kau nniddhu| paI bAle abAlagai joiya paI apareNa vi pari mai ddhoiy| paI jehA jagaguruNA jehA ekku doNNi jai tihuyaNi tehaa|" (mahApurANa, 8/9) arthAt Apako chor3akara jaga meM dUsarA acchA nahIM hai, Apane kAmadeva hokara bhI akAmasAdhanA Arambha kI hai| svayaM rAjA hokara bhI arAga (virAga) se sneha kiyA hai, bAlaka hote hue bhI Apane paNDitoM kI gati ko dekha liyA hai| Apa aura vizvagurU RSabhanAtha jaise manuSya isa duniyAM meM eka yA do hote haiN| ___bhagavAn bAhubalI kI kaThora evaM nispRha sAdhanA ne jinAgama ke sUrya AcArya jinasena ke mAnasa paTala ko bhAvAndolita kara diyA thaa| isIlie unhoMne apane jIvana kI sAMdhya belA meM taporata bhagavAn vAhubalI kI zatAdhika padyoM dvArA bhaktipUrvaka arcA kI hai| 'AdipurANa' ke parva 36/104 meM yogIrAja bAhubalI ke tapasvI pariveza ko dekhakara unake bhaktiparAyaNa mana meM pattoM ke gira jAne se kRza latAyukta vRkSa kA citra upasthita ho gyaa| sAdhanA kAla meM bhayaMkara nAgoM aura vanalatAoM se veSTita mahAmuni bAhubalI ke Atmavaibhava kA unhoMne AdipurANa parva 36/109-113 meM isa prakAra digdarzana karAyA hai dadhAnaH skandha paryantalambinIH kezavallarIH / so'nvagAdUDhakRSNAhimaNDalaM haricandanam / / mAdhavIlatayA gADhamupagUDhaH prphullyaa| zAkhAbAhubhirAveSTya sadhIcyeva shaasyaa|| vidyAdharI karAlUna pallavA sA kilAzuSat / pAdayoH kAminIvAsya sAmi nmraa'nunessytii||

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70 reje sa tadavastho'pi tapo duzcaramAcaran / kAmIva muktikAminyAM spRhayAluH kRzIbhavan / / tapastanUnapAttApa saMtaptasyAsya kevalam / zarIramazuSannordhvazoSaM karmApyazarmadam / / anekAnta 58/3-4 arthAt kandhoM paryanta laTakatI huI kezarUpI latAoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle ve bAhubalI munirAja aneka kAle sarpoM ke samUha ko dhAraNa karane vAle haricandana vRkSa kA anukaraNa kara rahe the| phUlI huI vAsantI latA apanI zAkhArUpI bhujAoM ke dvArA unakA gAr3ha AliMgana kara rahI thI aura usase ve aise jAna par3ate the mAno hAra liye hue koI sakhI hI apanI bhujAo se unakA AliMgana kara rahI ho| jisake komala patte vidyAdharoM ne apane hAtha se tor3a liye haiM aisI vaha vAsantI latA unake caraNoM para par3akara sUkha gayI thI aura aisI mAlUma hotI thI mAno kucha namra hokara anunaya karatI huI koI strI hI pairoM para par3I ho| aisI avasthA hone para bhI ve kaThina tapazcaraNa karate the jisase unakA zarIra kRza ho gayA thA aura usase aise jAna par3ate the mAno muktirUpI strI kI icchA karatA huA koI kAmI hI ho / taparUpI agni ke santApa se santapta hue bAhubalI kA kevala zarIra hI khar3e-khar3e nahIM sUkha gayA thA / kintu duHkha dene vAle karma bhI sUkha gaye the arthAt naSTa ho gaye the / gommaTeza ne dIpta, taptaghora, mahAghora nAma ke tapazcaraNa kie the| ina tapoM se munirAja bAhubalI aise suzobhita ho rahe the jaise meghoM ke AvaraNa se nikalA huA sUrya apanI kiraNoM se jagat ko prakAzavAna kara detA hai / unakI tapazcaryA ke prabhAva se paraspara virodha bhAva rakhane vAle jaMgala ke prANiyoM meM bhI sadbhAva bana gayA thaa| AcArya jinasena ke zabdoM meM virodhino'pyamI muktavirodha svairamAsitAH / tasyopAMghIbhasiMhAdyAH zazaMsurvaibhavaM muneH / jarajjambUkamAghrAya mastake vyAghradhenukA / svazAvanirvizeSaM tAmapIpyat stanyamAtmanaH / /

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anekAnta 58/3-4 71 kariNo hariNArAtInanvIyuH saha yuuthpaiH| stanapAnotsukA bhejuH kariNIH siNhpotkaaH|| kalamAn kalamAMkAramukharAn nakharaiH khrai| kaNThIravaH spRzan kaNThe nAbhyanandi na yuuthpaiH| (AdipurANa, parva 36/165.168) arthAt unake caraNoM ke samIpa hAthI, siha Adi virodhI jIva bhI paraspara kA vaira-bhAva chor3akara icchAnusAra uThate-baiThate the aura isa prakAra ve munirAja ke aizvarya ko sUcita karate the| hAla kI byAyI huI siMhanI bhaiMse ke bacce kA mastaka sa~ghakara use apane bacce ke samAna apanA dUdha pilA rahI thii| hAthI apane jhuNDa ke mukhiyoM ke sAtha-sAtha siMhoM ke pIche-pIche jA raha the aura stana ke pIne meM utsuka hue siMha ke bacce hathiniyoM ke samIpa pahuMca rahe the| bAlakapana ke kAraNa madhura-zabda karate hue hAthiyoM ke baccoM ko siMha apane paine nAkhUnoM se unakI garadana para sparza kara rahA thA aura aisA karate hue usa siMha ko hAthiyoM ke saradAra bahuta hI acchA samajha rahe the usakA abhinandana kara rahe the| bhagavAn bAhubalI ke lokottara tapa ke puNya svarUpa tiryaca jIvoM ke hRdaya meM vyApta ajJAnAndhakAra naSTa ho gayA thaa| jaMgala ke krUra jIva zAnti sudhA kA amRtapAna kara ahisaka ho gae the| bhagavAn gommaTeza ke caraNo ke samIpa ke chidroM meM se kAle phaNa vAle nAgarAjoM kI lapalapAtI huI jihyAoM ko dekhakara prAtaH smaraNIya AcArya jinasena ko bhagavAn kI pUjA ke nimitta nIla kamalo se paripUrita pUjA kI thAlI kI sahasA smRti ho AI upAdhi moginAM mogairviniilairvyrucnmuniH| vinyastairarcanAyeva niilairutpldaamkaiH| (AdipurANa, parva 36/171)

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72 anekAnta 58/3-4 divya tapomUrti gommaTeza svAmI kI satata sAdhanA jana-jana kI AsthA kA kendra rahI hai| bhagavAn bAhubalI ke taporata rUpa se abhibhUta kannaDa kavi govinda pe bhAva-vihala avasthA meM prazna kara baiThate haiM-'tuma dhUpa me murajhAte nahIM, ThaNDa meM ThiThurate nahIM, varSA se Tapakate nahIM, tumhAre vivAha meM dizArUpI suhAginoM ne tumhAre Upara nakSatra-akSata barasAe, candra aura sUrya kA seharA tumhAre sira para rakhA, megha-dundubhi ke sAtha bijalI se tumhArI AratI utArI, nityatA-vadhU AturatA se tumhArI pratIkSA kara rahI hai! A~kheM kholakara dekhate kyoM nahIM? he gommaTezvara!' (ra.zrI. mugali, kannar3a sAhitya kA itihAsa, pR. 229) cakravartI samrAT bharata ne tapomUrti bAhubalI svAmI dvArA eka varSa kI avadhi ke lie dhAraNa kie gae pratimAyoga vrata kI samApana velA ke avasara para mahAmuni bAhabalI ke yazasvI caraNoM kI pUjA kii| pUjA ke samaya zrI gommaTasvAmI ko kevalajJAna ho gyaa| yaha prasannacitta samrATa bharata kA kitanA bar3A ahobhAgya thA! unheM bAhubalI svAmI ke kevalajJAna utpanna hone ke pahale aura pIche-donoM hI samaya munirAja bAhubalI kI vizeSa pUjA kA avasara prApta huaa| samrAT bharata ne kevalajJAna unpanna hone se pahale jo pUjA kI thI vaha apanA aparAdha naSTa karane ke lie kI thI aura kevalajJAna hone ke bAda jo vizeSa pUjA kI vaha kevalajJAna kI utpatti ke anubhava ke lie kI thii| AcArya jinasena ke anusAra samrATa bharata dvArA kevalajJAnI bAhubalI kI bhaktipUrvaka kI gaI arcanA kA zabdoM meM varNana nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| samrAT bharata aura bAhubalI ke aTUTa prema saMbaMdha kA vivaraNa dete hue unhoMne likhA hai svajanmAnugamo'styeko dhrmraagstthaa'prH| janmAntarAnubandhazca prembndho'tinirbhrH|| ityekazo'pyamI bhaktiprakarSasya pryojkaaH| teSAM nu sarvasAmagrI kA na puSNAti sakriyAm / / (AdipurANa, parva 36/160-61)

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anekAnta 58/3-4 arthAt prathama to bAhubalI bharata ke choTe bhAI the, dUsare bharata ko dharma kA prema bahuta thA, tIsare una donoM kA anya aneka janmoM se sabaMdha thA, aura cauthe una donoM meM bar3A bhArI prema thaa| isa prakAra ina cAroM meM se eka-eka bhI bhakti kI adhikatA ko bar3hAne vAle haiM, yadi yaha saba sAmagrI eka sAtha mila jAye to vaha kauna-sI uttama kriyA ko puSTa nahIM kara sakatI arthAt usase kauna-sA acchA kArya nahIM ho sakatA? samasta pRthvI para dharma sAmrAjya kI sthApanA karane vAle cakravartI samrATa bharata ko isa sanAtana rASTra kI sAMskRtika sampadA-Atmavaibhava se zrImaMDita siddha puruSa ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai| isIlie unheM 'rAjayogI' ke rUpa meM bhI smaraNa kiyA gayA hai| dharmaprANa bharata ne jinendra bAhubalI ke jJAna kalyANa kI bhaktipUrvaka ratnamayI pUjA kI thii| unhoMne ratnoM kA argha banAyA, gaMgA ke jala kI jaladhArA dI, ratno kI jyoti ke dIpaka car3hAye, motiyoM se akSata kI pUjA kI, amRta ke piNDa se naivedya arpita kiyA, kalpavRkSa ke Tukar3oM (cUrNo) se dhUpa kI pUjA kI, pArijAta Adi devavRkSoM ke phUloM ke samUha se puSpo kI arcA kI, aura phalo ke sthAna para ratno sahita samasta nidhiyA~ car3hA diiN| isa prakAra unhoMne ratnamayI pUjA kI thii| samrAT bharata kI bhaktiparaka ratnamayI pUjA ke uparAnta svarga ke devoM ne bhagavAn gommaTadeva kI vizeSa pUjA kI / kevalajJAnalabdhi ke samaya aneka atizaya prakaTa hue, jaise-sugandhita vAyu kA saMcaraNa, devadundubhi, puSpavRSTi, chatratraya, caMvaroM kA DulanA, gandha kuTI Adi kA svayameva prakaTa ho jaanaa| AcArya jinasena ke anusAra bhagavAn bAhubalI ke nAma ke akSara smaraNa meM Ate hI prANiyoM kA samUha pavitra ho jAtA hai| unake caraNoM ke pratApa se sarpo ke muMha ke ucchavAsa se nikalatI huI viSa kI agni zAnta ho jAtI hai| taponidhi bhagavAn gommaTeza kI virAT pratimA kI saMsthApanA kI

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anekAnta 58/3-4 sahasrAbdI ke upalakSya meM 1681 ke mahAmastakAbhiSeka ke avasara para bhAratIya DAka va tAra vibhAga ne eka baharaMgI DAka-TikaTa prakAzita karake bhagavAn gommaTeza kI mukti-sAdhanA ke prati rASTra kI zraddhA ko abhivyakta kiyA thaa| apane isI vaiziSTya ke kAraNa bhagavAn gommaTeza zatAbdiyoM se jana-jana kI bhAvanAo ke pratinidhi rUpa meM sampUjita haiN| AcArya puSpadanta ne sahasAdhaka varSa pUrva satya hI kahA thA ki bhagavAn gommaTezvara ke pavitra jIvana kI gAthA parvata kI guphAoM taka meM gAyI jAtI hai-maMdarakaMdarataM gAiya jasa! ___ jaina purANa zAstroM meM bhagavAn bAhubalI ke prakaraNa meM kucha vivAdAspada sandarbho kA ullekha milatA hai| AcArya kundakunda ke bhAva pAhuDa' kI gAthA saM. 44 meM bAhubalI kA ullekha isa prakAra milatA hai-"he dhIra-vIra, dehAdi ke sambandha se rahita kinta mAna-kapAya se kaluSita bAhubalI svAmI kitane kAla taka AtApana yoga meM sthita rahe?" zvetAmbara sAhitya me taporata bhagavAn bAhubalI meM zalya bhAva kI vidyamAnatA mAnI gaI hai| zvetAmbara sAhitya ke anusAra bAhubalI dIkSA lekara dhyAnastha ho gae aura yaha nizcaya kara liyA ki kaivalya prApta kie binA bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke samavazaraNa meM nahIM jaauuNgaa| tIrthakara RSabhadeva ke samavazaraNa meM jAne para bAhubalI ko apane se pUrva ke dIkhita choTe bhAiyoM ko namana karanA pdd'taa| aisI sthiti meM unheM sarvajJa hone ke uparAnta hI bhagavAn ke samavazaraNa meM jAnA zreyaskara lagA hogaa| jaina purANa zAstra meM uparokta dhAraNAoM ke mUla srota kI prAmANika jAnakArI upalabdha nahIM hai| kintu AcArya raviSeNa kRta 'padmapuraNa', mahAkavi svayambhU kRta 'paumacariu', AcArya jinasena kRta 'harivaMzapurANa' evaM AcArya jinasena kRta 'AdipurANa' aura mahAkavi puSpadanta kRta 'mahApurANa' kA pArAyaNa karane se taporata bhagavAn bAhubalI meM zalyabhAva kI vidyAmAnatA svayameva nirasta ho jAtI hai

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anekAnta 58/3-4 75 tato bhrAtrA samaM vairamavabudhya mhaamnaaH| saMprApto bhogavairAgya paramaM mujvikrmii|| saMtyajya sa tato mogAn bhUtvA nirvstrbhuussnnH| varSa pratimayA tasthau meruvanniH prkmpkH|| valmIkavivarodhAtairatyugraiH sa mhorgaiH| zyAmAdInAM ca vallIbhiH veSTitaH prApa kevalam / / (padmapurANa, parva 4/74-76) AcArya raviSeNa ke anusAra udAracetA bAhubalI bhAI ke sAtha vaira kA kAraNa jAnakara bhogoM se virakta ho gae aura eka varSa ke lie meru parvata ke samAna niSprakampa khar3e rahakara pratimA yoga dhAraNa kara liyaa| unake pAsa aneka vAmiyAM laga gaI jinake biloM se nikale hue vizAla sarpo aura latAoM ne unheM veSTita kara liyA aura antataH isI dazA meM unheM kevalajJAna prApta ho gyaa| mahAkavi svayaMbhU kRta 'paumacariu' (saMdhi 4/12) meM vAhubalI svecchA se tapovana meM jAte haiMkiM AeM sAhami prm-moknu| jarhi labmai acalu aNantu sokkhu / / suNisallu kareMvi jiNu guru bhnnevi| thiu paJca muTThisire lou devi|| olambiya-karayalu ekku vrisu| aviolu acalu giri-meru sarisu / / arthAt isa pRthvI se kyA? mai mokSa kI samArAdhanA karUMgA, jisase acala, ananta aura zAzvata sukha milatA hai| bAhubalI ne niHzalya hokara jinaguru kA dhyAna kiyA aura paMcamuSTiyoM se kezalocana kiyaa| bAhubalI donoM hAtha lambe kara eka varSa taka meru parvata kI taraha acala aura zAnta citta hokara khar3e rhe| mahAkavi svayaMbhU ne sandhi 4/13 meM taporata bAhubalI meM

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anekAnta 58/3-4 thor3I-sI kaSAya arthAt bharatabhUmi para khar3e rahane kA parijJAna, kA ullekha kiyA hai, zalya kA nhiiN| AcArya jinasena kRta 'harivaMzapurANa' (sarga 11/68) meM bAhubalI ke eka varSa ke pratimAyoga kA ullekha milatA hai| isI padya meM bAhubalI ke kailAza parvata para tapasyA karane kA ullekha bhI AyA hai| jaina purANoM meM harivaMzapurANa hI ekamAtra aisA grantha hai jisameM bharata evaM bAhubalI ke yuddha kI nizcita saMgrAma bhUmi arthAt vitatA nadI ke pazcima bhAga kA ullekha milatA hai| sambhavatayA harivaMzapurANakAra ne aisA likhate samaya kisI prAcIna kRti kA AdhAra liyA hogaa| bAhubalI ke kailAza parvata para tapasyA karane ke ullekha se yaha siddha ho jAtA hai ki taporata bAhubalI meM zalya-bhAva kI vidyamAnatA paravartI lekhakoM kI kalpanA mAtra hai| mahAkavi puSpadanta ne 'mahApurANa' (18/5/8) meM bAhubalI ke kailAza parvata para tapasyA karane kA ullekha isa prakAra kiyA hai-'gae kelAsu parAyau bhyubli|' unhoneM bAhubalI ke caritra kI vizeSatA meM 'khAviuM khama bhUsaNu guNAvaMtaha' aura 'paI jitti khamA vi khama bhAve' jaisI kAvyAtmaka sUktiyAM likhakara unhe guNavAnoM me sarvazreSTha evaM kSamAbhUSaNa ke rUpa meM samAdRta kiyA hai| AcArya jinasena ne AdipurANa parva (36/137) meM satya hI kahA hai ki taporata bAhubalI svAmI rasagaurava, zabdagaurava aura Rddhigaurava se yukta the, atyanta niHzalya the aura daza dharmoM ke dvArA unheM mokSamArga meM dRr3hatA prApta ho gaI thii| isa prakAra uparokta pAMcoM jaina purANoM ke tulanAtmaka vivecana se yaha siddha hotA hai ki taporata bAhubalI meM zalya bhAva nahIM thaa| bhagavAn bAhubalI kA kathAnaka jaina samAja meM atyadhika lokapriya rahA hai| jaina dharma kI paurANika racanAoM meM bAhubalI svAmI kA prakaraNa bahulatA se milatA hai| prArambhika racanAoM meM yaha kathAnaka saMkSepa meM diyA gayA hai aura paravartI racanAoM meM isakA kramazaH vistAra hotA gyaa| bhagavAn bAhubalI ko dhIra-vIra udAtta nAyaka mAnakara aneka svatantra granthoM kI racanA huI hai| Adhunika kannaDa bhASA ke agraNI sAhityakAra zrI jI. pI. rAjaratnam ne gommaTa-sAhitya kI vizeSa rUpa se grantha-sUcI taiyAra kI

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anekAnta 58/3-4 hai, jisameM katipaya aise granthoM kA ullekha hai, jinakI jAnakArI abhI bhI apekSita hai| saMskRta evaM prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha 'ananta ve madhura' aura 'cArucandramA' se prAyaH adhikAMza vidvAn aparicita haiM / paurANika mAnyatAoM meM bhagavAn bAhubalI ke svarUpa ke vizada vivecana ke lie bAhubalI sAhitya kA manthana atyAvazyaka hai / udAharaNa ke lie AcArya raviSeNa (I. 643-680) ne 'padmapurANa' ( parva 4 / 77 ) meM bhagavAn bAhubalI ko isa avasarpiNI kAla kA sarvaprathama mokSagAmI batalAyA hai 77 tataH zivapadaM prApadAyuSaH karmaNaH kSaye prathamaM so'vasarpiNyAM muktimArga vyazodhayat / / isake viparIta bhagavAn bAhubalI ke kathAnaka ko janamAnasa meM pratiSThita karAne meM agraNI AcArya jinasena ne bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke putra sarvajJa anantavIrya ko isa avasarpiNI yuga meM mokSa prApta karane ke lie saba meM agragAmI ( sarvaprathama mokSagAmI) batalAyA hai sabuddho'nantavIryazca guroH saMprAptadIkSaNaH / surairavAptapUjarddhigrahyo mokSavatAmabhUt / / ( AdipurANa, parva 24 / 181 ) isa prakAra kI samasyAo ke samAdhAna ke lie gambhIra adhyayana apekSita hai| bhagavAn bAhubalI ko isa avasarpiNI yuga kA sarvaprathama mokSagAmI svIkAra karane ke kucha kAraNa yaha ho sakate haiM ki bAhubalI kA kathAnaka Adi yuga se jana-jana kI jijJAsA evaM manana kA viSaya rahA hai| jaina puraNoM meM prAyaH paramparA rUpa meM bhagavAn RSabhadeva kI vandanA kI paripATI calI A rahI hai| isa paddhati kA anukaraNa karate hue prAyaH sabhI purANakAroM evaM kaviyoM ne tIrthakara RSabhadeva kI vandanA ke sAtha bharata evaM bAhubalI prakaraNa kA ullekha kiyA hai| bhagavAna bAhubalI kI tapazcaryA, kevalajJAna labdhi aura mokSa kA prAyaH sabhI purANoM meM bahulatA se ullekha milatA hai| bAhubalI prathama kAmadeva the aura unhoMne cakravartI bharata se pahale

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anekAnta 58/3-4 mokSa prApta kiyA thaa| isI kAraNa unheM sarvaprathama mokSagAmI bhI kahA jAtA hai| cakravartI samrAT bharata dvArA podanapura sthita bhagavAn bAhubalI kI 525 dhanuSa UMcI svarNa nirmita pratimA kA AkhyAna zravaNabelagola sthita bhagavAna gommaTeza kI aitihAsika mUrti ke nirmANa kA mukhyAdhAra hai| isa luptaprAya tIrtha kA gommaTadeva se vizeSa sambandha rahA hai| ajeya senApati cAmuNDarAya dvArA zravaNabelagola meM bhagavAn bAhubalI kI pratimA ke nirmANa se pUrva ke jaina sAhitya meM podanapura kI sukha-samRddhi kA ullekha bahulatA se milatA hai| isa mahAn tIrtha ke mAhAtmya ko dekhate hue pUjyapAda devanandi (lagabhaga 500 I.) ne nirvANabhakti (tIrthavandanA saMgraha, padya 26) meM isa tIrtha kI gaNanA siddha kSetra meM kI hai| yadi nirvANa bhakti kA yaha aMza prakSipta nahIM hai to podanapura kI gaNanA nizcaya hI prAcIna tIrthakSetroM meM kI jA sakatI hai| ___ eka janazruti ke anusAra cakravartI samrATa bharata ne apane anuja bAhubalI kI tapazcaryA evaM mokSasAdhanA ke upalakSya meM bhagavAn gommaTeza kI rAjadhAnI podanapura meM bAhubalI ke AkAra kI 525 dhanuSa UMcI svarNa pratimA banavAI thii| kAlAntara meM pratimA ke nikaTavartI kSetra meM kukkuTa sarpo kA vAsa ho gayA aura mUrti kA nAma kukkuTezvara par3a gyaa| kAlAntara meM mUrti lupta ho gaI aura usake darzana kevala dIkSita vyaktiyoM ke lie mantra zakti se prApta raha gye| jainAcArya jinasena (AdipurANa ke racayitA se bhinna lokakathAoM meM ullikhita anya) ke mukhAravinda se bhagavAn bAhubalI kI mUrti kA varNana sunakara senApati cAmuNDarAya kI mAtA kAlikAdevI ne mUrti ke darzana kI pratijJA kii| apanI dharmaparAyaNa patnI ajitAdevI se mAtA kI pratijJA ke samAcAra ko jAnakara cAmuNDarAya parivAra janoM ke sAtha bhagavAn gommaTeza kI mUrti ke darzanArtha cala die| mArga meM unhoMne zravaNabelagola ke darzana kie| rAtri ke samaya unheM devI ne svapna meM kahA ki kukkuTa saoNM ke kAraNa podanapura ke bhagavAn gommaTeza

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79 anekAnta 58/3-4 ke darzana sambhava nahIM haiM kintu tumhArI bhakti se prasanna hokara bhagavAn gommaTeza tumheM indragiri kI pahAr3I para darzana deNge| cAmuNDarAya kI mAtA kAtAdevI ko bhI aisA hI svapna aayaa| senApati cAmuNDarAya ne snAna-pUjana se zuddha hokara candragiri kI eka zilA se dakSiNa dizA kI tarapha mukha karake eka svarNa-bANa chor3A jo bar3I pahAr3I (indragiri) ke mastaka kI zilA meM jAkara lgaa| bANa ke lagate hI bhagavAna gommaTezvara kA mukha maMDala prakaTa ho gyaa| taduparAnta senApati cAmuNDarAya ne kuzala zilpiyoM ke sahayoga se agaNita rAzi vyaya karake bhagavAn gommaTeza kI vizvavikhyAta pratimA kA nirmANa kraayaa| mUrti ke bana jAne para bhagavAn ke abhiSeka kA vizeSa Ayojana kiyA gyaa| abhiSeka ke samaya eka Azcarya yaha huA ki senApati cAmuNDarAya dvArA ekatrita vizAla dugdha rAzi ke rikta ho jAne para bhI bhagavAna gommaTeza kI mUrti kI jaMghA se nIce ke bhAga para dugdha gaMgA nahIM utara paaii| abhiSeka apUrNa raha gyaa| aisI sthiti meM cAmuNDarAya ne apane guru ajitasena se mArgadarzana kI prArthanA kii| AcArya ajitasena ne eka sAdhAraNa vRddhA nArI gullikAyAjji ko bhaktipUrvaka 'gullikAyi' (phala kA kaTorA) meM lAe gae dUdha se bhagavAn kA abhiSeka karane kI anumati de dii| mahAn gullikAyAjji dvArA phala ke kaTore meM alpamAtrA meM lAe gae dUdha kI dhAra se pratimA kA sarvAga abhiSeka sampanna ho gayA aura senApati cAmuNDarAya kA mUrti-nirmANa kA darpa bhI dUra ho gyaa| _bhagavAn gommaTeza kI sAtizayayukta pratimA ke nirmANa sambandhI loka sAhitya meM aitihAsika tathyoM kA samAveza ho gayA hai| bhaktiparaka sAhitya athavA dantakathAoM se itihAsa ko pRthak kara pAnA sambhava nahIM hotaa| udAharaNa ke lie indragiri para senApati cAmuNDarAya dvArA bhagavAna gommaTeza ke vigraha kI sthApanA ke uparAnta bhI zrI madanakIrti (12vIM zatAbdI) ne podanapara sthita bhagavAna gonmaTeza kI pratimA ke atizaya kA camatkArapUrNa varNana isa prakAra kiyA hai

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80 anekAnta 58/3-4 pAdAMguSThanakhaprabhAsu bhavinAmAbhAnti pazcAd bhavAH / yasyAtmIyabhavA jinasya purataH svasyopavAsapramAH / / adyApi pratibhAti podanapure yo vandyavandyaH sa vai / devo bAhubalI karotu balavad digvAsasAM zAsanam / / ( madanakIrti, tIrtha vandana saMgraha, pR. 3 ) kavi ke anusAra podanapura ke bhagavAn bAhubalI ke caraNanakhoM meM bhakto ko apane pUrva bhavoM ke darzana hote haiM / isa sambandha meM kavi kI rocaka kalpanA yaha hai ki darzakoM ko usake vratoM kI saMkhyA ke anusAra hI pUrva bhavoM kA jJAna ho pAtA hai| merI nijI dhAraNA hai ki indragiri sthita bhagavAn bAhubalI kI kalAtmaka pratimA kA nirmANa anAyAsa hI nahIM ho gyaa| isa prakAra ke bhavya nirmANa meM zatAbdiyoM kI sAdhana evaM vicAra maMthana kA yoga hotA hai / dakSiNa bhArata meM rASTrakUTa zAsana ke antargata mahAn dharmaguru AcAryapravara vIrasena, jinasena aura guNabhadra ne zruta sAhitya evaM jaina dharma kI apUrva sevA kI hai| ina mahAn AcAryo kI satata sAdhanA evaM adhyavasAya se jaina siddhAnta grantha evaM paurANika sAhitya kA rASTravyApI pracAra-prasAra huA / paramapratApI rASTrakUTa nareza AmoghavarSa ( prathama ) kI AcArya vIrasena eva jinasena meM ananya bhakti thI / AcArya jinasena svAmI ne jIvana ke uttarArddha meM AdipurANa kI racanA kI / AdipurANa ke 42 parva pUrNa hone para unakA samAdhimaraNa ho gyaa| samAdhimaraNa se pUrva hI unhoMne bhagavAn bAhubalI se sambandhita parva 34, 35 aura 36 kA praNayana kara liyA thA / bhagavAn bAhubalI ke caraNoM meM apanI AsthA kA arghya samarpita karate hue unhoMne (parva 36/212) meM bhagavAn gommaTezvara kI vandanA karate hue kahA thA ki yogirAja bAhubalI ko jo puruSa hRdaya meM smaraNa karatA hai usakI antarAtmA zAnta ho jAtI hai aura vaha nikaTa bhaviSya meM jinendra bhagavAn kI aparAjeya vijayalakSmI (mokSamArga) ko prApta kara letA hai-

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anekAnta 58/3-4 81 jagati jayinamenaM yoginaM yogivaryairadhigatamahimAnaM mAnitaM maanniiyaiH| smarati hRdi nitAntaM yaH sa zAntAntarAtmA bhajati vijayalakSmImAzu jainImajayyAm / / AcArya jinasena apane yuga ke paramaprabhAvaka dharmAcArya the| tatkAlIna dakSiNa bhArata ke rAjyavazoM eva janasAdhAraNa meM unakA vizeSa prabhAva thaa| zaktizAlI rASTrakUTa nareza amoghavarSa (prathama) ne sambhavatayA unhIM ke prabhAva se jIvana ke antima bhAga meM digambarI dIkSA lI thii| aise mahAn AcArya evaM kavi ke mAnasa paTala para aMkita bhagavAn bAhubalI kI vizAla pratimA ko mUrta rUpa dene kA vicAra jaina dharmAvalambiyoM meM nizcita rUpa se AyA hogaa| dharmaparAyaNa samrATa amoghavarSa (prathama) kA apane adhInastha rAjA bakeya se vizeSa sneha thaa| udAra samrATa ne rAjA vakaya dvArA nirmita jinamandira ke lie talemura gAva kA dAna bhI kiyA thaa| jaina dharma parAyaNa rAjA baMkeya ne apane paurupa se vaMkApura nAma kI rAjadhAnI banAI jo kAlAntara meM jaina dharma kA eka pramukha sAskRtika kendra bana gyii| samrATa amoghavarSa (prathama) ke putra akAla varSa aura rAjA baMkeya ke putra lokAditya me pragAr3ha maitrI thii| samrATa akAlavarpa ke rAjyakAla meM rAjA lokAditya kI sAkSI meM uttarapurANa ke pUrNa ho jAne para mahApurANa kI vizeSa pUjA kA Ayojana huaa| uttarapurANa kI pITikA ke AzIrvacana meM kahA gayA haimahApurANa ke cintavana se zAnti, samRddhi, vijaya, kalyANa Adi kI prApti hotI hai| ata. bhaktajano ko isa grantharAja kI vyAkhyA, zravaNa, cintavana, pUjA, lekhana kArya Adi kI vyavasthA meM ruci lenI caahie| paravartI rASTrakUTa narezoM evaM gaMgavazIya zAsakoM meM vizeSa sneha sambandha raha hai| rASTrakUTa nareza indra caturtha kA gagavaMzIya rAjA mArasiha ne abhiSeka kiyA thaa| rAjA indra caturtha ne jIvana ke antima bhAga meM sallekhanA dvAga zravaNabelagola meM dehotsarga kiyaa| gaMgavaMzIya rAjA mAsiha ne bakApura me

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82 anekAnta 58/3-4 AcArya ajitasena ke nikaTa tIna dina taka upavAsa rakhakara samAdhimagNa kiyA thaa| baMkApura ke sAMskRtika kendra kI gatividhiyoM kA niyamana AcArya ajitasena ke yazasvI mArgadarzana meM hotA thaa| unake agAdha pAMDitya ke prati dakSiNa bhArata ke rAjyavaMzoM meM vizeSa sammAna bhAva thaa| gagavazIya rAjA mArasiMha, rAjA rAcamalla (caturtha), senApati cAmuNDarAya evaM mahAkavi ranna unake pramukha ziSya the| AcArya ajitasena kI preraNA se sthApita baMkApura ke sAMskRtika kendra meM mahApurANa ke mahAtapI vAhubalI bhagavAna kI taporata virAT mUrti ke nirmANa kA vicAra nirantara cala rahA thaa| senApati cAmuNDarAya ne apane pratApI zAsaka rAjA mArasiMha kI samAdhi ke samaya sambhavatayA bhagavAn bAhubalI kI vizAla pratimA ke nirmANa kA svapna liyA hogaa| dakSiNa bhArata ke zilpiyo ko saMgaThita karane meM jaina dharma ke yApanIya sagha kI prabhAvazAlI bhUmikA rahI hai| isa mahAn mUrti ke nirmANa kI saMkalpanA meM AdipurANa ko sAkAra karane ke lie samartha AcArya ajitasena aura AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI kA varadahasta senApati cAmuNDarAya ko upalabdha thaa| AcArya ajitasena kI parikalpanA se bhagavAna gommaTezvara kA prabala pApANa para mUlyAMkana Arambha ho gyaa| AcAryadvaya-ajitasena evaM nemicandra kI kRpA se bhagavAn gommaTeza kI lokottara mUrti kA nirmANa sambhava huA aura isa prakAra aparAjeya senApati cAmuNDarAya kI dhanalakSmI bhagavAn gommaTeza ke caraNoM me sArthaka huii| mAtA gullikAyAjji ko bhagavAn gommaTezvara ke mastakAbhiSeka ke avasara para asAdhAraNa gaurava dene meM bhI sambhavatayA kucha aitihAsika kAraNa rahe haiN| dakSiNa bhArata meM yApanIya saMgha ke AcAryoM kA aneka rAjyavaMzoM eva janasAdhAraNa para apane asAdhAraNa kRtitva kA prabhutva rahA hai| kannar3a bhASA ke prArambhika abhilekhoM me yApanIya saMgha ke sAdhuoM kA anekazaH ullekha

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anekAnta 58/3-4 milatA hai| isa sampradAya meM aneka pratibhAzAlI AcArya evaM kavi hue haiM, jinhoMne saMskRta, prAkRta, kannaDa Adi bhASA meM zatAdhika pratiSThita granthoM kI racanA kI hai| bhagavAn gommaTezvara ke vigraha ke yazasvI nirmAtA rAjA cAmuNDarAya aneka yuddho ke vijetA the| unhoMne apane svAmI rAjA mArasiMha evaM rAjA gacamalla (caturtha) ke lie aneka yuddha kie the| unake parAkrama se zatru bhayabhIta ho jAte the| tyAgabrahmadeva stambha para utkIrNa eka pASANa lekha (106/281) meM unake kula evaM vijaya abhiyAnoM kA aitihAsika vivaraNa isa prakAra milatA haibrahma-kSatra-kulodayAcala-zirobhUSAmaNirmAnumAn brhm-ksstrkulaabdhi-vrddhn-ysho-rocissudhaa-diidhitiH| brahma-kSatra-kulAkarAcala-bhava-zrI-hAra vallImaNiH brhm-ksstr-kulaagnicnnddpvnshcaavunnddraajo'jni| kalpAnta-kSubhitAbdhi-bhISaNa-balaM pAtAlamallAnujam jetuM vjvildevmudytmujsyendr-kssitiindraajnyyaa| patyuzzrI jagadekavIra nRpaterjetra-dvipasyAgrato dhAvaddantini yatra bhagnamahitAnIkaM mRgAnIkavat / asmin dantini danta-vajra-dalita-dviT-kumbhi-kumbhopale vIrottaMsa-puroniSAdini ripu-vyAlAMkuze ca tvyi| syAtkonAma na gocarapratinRpo madbANa-kRSNoragagrAsasyeti nolambarAjasamare yaH zlAghitaH svaamitaa| khAtaH kSAra-payodhirastu paridhizcAstu trikUTapurI laMkAstu pratinAyako'stu ca surArAtistathApi kssme| taM jetuM jagadekavIra-nRpate tvattejasetikSaNAnniyU~TaM raNasiMga-pArthiva-raNe yenojitaM gajitam /

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anekAnta 58/3-1 vIrasyAsya raNeSu bhUriSu vaya kaNThagrahotkaNThayA taptAssamprati lbdh-nirvRtirsaastvtkhddg-dhaaraambhsaa| kalpAntaM raNaraMgasiMga-vijayI jIveti nAkAMganA gIrvANI-kRta-rAja-gandha-karaNei yasmai vitIrNAziSaH / AkraSTuM bhuja-vikramAdabhilaSan gaMgAdhirAjaya-zriyaM yenAdau cldNk-gNgnRptirvyaabhilaassiikRtH| kRtvA vIra-kapAla-ratna-caSake vIra-dviSazzoNitam pAtuM kautukinazca koNapa-gaNAH puurnaabhilaassiikRtaaH| dharmaparAyaNa mAnanIya zrI hargaDe jI (lagabhaga I. 1200) ne isI stambha para rakSa devatA kI mUrti kA nirmANa karAne ke lie isa durlabha abhilekha ko tIna ora se ghisavA diyaa| kintu zrI hargaDe jI ke isa bhaktiparaka anuSThAna ke kAraNa isa zilAlekha ke mahattvapUrNa aza lupta ho gae hai| pariNAmasvarUpa jaina samAja mahAn senAnAyaka cAmuNDarAya aura gommaTa vigraha ke nirmANa kI prAmANika jAnakArI se vaMcita raha gayA hai| cAmuNDarAya ke putra AcArya ajitasena ke ziSya jinadevaNa ne lagabhaga 1040 I. meM zravaNavelagola meM eka jaina mandira (abhilekha 67 (121)) banavAkara apane yazasvI pitA kI bhAMti bhagavAn gommaTeza ke caraNo meM zraddhA arpita kI thii| AcArya ajitasena kI yazasvI ziSya paramparA kanakanandi, narendrasena (prathama), trividhacakrezvara, narendrasena, jinasena aura ubhayabhASA cakravartI mallipeNa kI zravaNabelagola ke vikAsa evaM saMrakSaNa meM ruci rahI hai| __ zravaNabelagola sthita bhagavAn gommaTasvAmI kI nayanAbhigama pratimA apane nirmANakAla se hI jana-jana kI AsthA ke pratIka rUpa meM sampUjita rahI hai| eka lokakathA ke anusAra svarga ke indra eva devagaNa bhI isa advitIya pratimA kI bhuvanamohinI chavi ke darzana ke nimitta bhakti bhAva se pRthvI kI parikramA karate hai| bhagavAn gommaTasvAmI ke vigraha ke nirmANa me agraNI siddhAntacakravartI AcArya nemicandra ne karmakANDa kI gAthA ma 969 meM bhagavAna vAhavalI svAmI kI vizAla pratimA ke lokottara svarUpa

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anekAnta 58/3-4 kA pratipAdana karate hue kahA hai ki use sarvArthasiddhi ke devoM ne aura sarvAvadhi - paramAvadhijJAna ke dhArI yogiyoM ne dUra se dekhA / 85 indragiri para sthita bhagavAn gommaTeza kI taporata pratimA ke caraNoM meM apanI bhakti kA arghya samarpita karate hue AcArya zrI nemicandra ne kahA hai upAhimuttaM dhaNadhAma - vajjiyaM, susammattaM maya- mohahArayaM / vasseya pajjaMtamuvavAsa-juttaM, taM gommaTesaM paNamAmi NiccaM / / ( gommaTesa - dhudi pada saM. 8 ) , arthAt samasta upAdhiyoM se mukta hokara, dhanadhAma Adi sampUrNa parigraha ko chor3akara, mada-moha Adi vikAro ko nirasta karake, sukhada samabhAva se paripUrita jinhoMne eka varSa kA upavAsa kiyA, una bhagavAn gommaTezvara kA mai nitya namana karU~ / dakSiNa bhArata meM karnATaka rAjya ke udAra hoyasala vaMzI narezoM ke rAjyakAla meM jainadharma kA vizeSa saMrakSaNa huA / hoyasala nareza rAjA vinayAditya kA samaya bhAratIya itihAsa meM 'jaina mandiroM ke nirmANa kA svarNayuga' mAnA jAtA hai | zravaNabelagola se prApta eka abhilekha (lekha saM. 53 (143) meM kahA gayA hai ki unhoMne kitane hI tAlAva va jaina mandira nirmANa karAye the / yahA~ taka ki IMToM ke lie jo bhUmi khodI gaI vahA~ tAlAva bana gaye, jina parvatoM se patthara nikAlA gayA ve pRthvI ke samatala ho gaye, jina rAstoM se cUne kI gAr3iyA~ nikalI ve rAste gaharI ghATiyA~ ho gye| isI vaMza ke pratApI rAjA viSNuvardhana (I. 1109 se 1141 ) ke rAjyakAla meM hoyasalezvara eva zAtalezvara ke vizva prasiddha zivAlayoM kA nirmANa huA / uparokta mandiroM ke lie vizAla naMdI - maNDapa banAe gae / saikar3oM zilpiyoM ke saMyukta parizrama se kaI mAsa meM nandiyoM kI mUrti

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86 anekAnta 58/3-4 banakara taiyAra huii| vizAla nandiyoM kI mUrti ko bailagADiyoM aura vAhano dvArA devAlaya taka le jAnA asambhava thaa| navanirmita nandI kI pratimAe~ mandira taka kaise pahuMcI isakA rocaka vivaraNa zrI ke. vI. ayyara ne 'zAntalA' meM eka svapna-kathA ke rUpa meM isa prakAra prastuta kiyA hai "deva, nandI-patthara ke nandI cale A rahe hai! ve jIvita haiM! unakA zarIra sone ke samAna camaka rahA hai| vahA~ jo prakAza phailA hai, vaha nandiyoM ke zarIra kI kAMti hI hai| prabho, unakI AMkheM kyA haiM, jalate hue aMgAre hai! hama logoM ne jo kucha dekhA, vahI nivedana kara rahe haiN| mahAprabho, isameM koI atizayokti nahIM hai| yadi yaha asatya ho, to hama apane sira dene ke lie taiyAra haiN| kaisA Azcarya hai| patthara ke nandI cale A rahe hai| bhagavAn bAhubalI svAmI-virAT zilA-pratimA-svayaM nandiyo ko calAte A rahe haiM! aTArI para khar3e hokara apanI A~khoM se hamane yaha dRzya dekhA hai| phaurana hI Apake pAsa Akara samAcAra sunA diyA hai| zilA-kRtiyA~ jIvita ho uThI he-yaha kaisA adbhuta kAla hai| appA jI (nareza viSNuvardhana) ne kahA-'tuma loga dhanya ho ki sabase pahale aise dRzya ko dekhane kA saubhAgya prApta kiyA ! jAo, sabako yaha saMtoSa kA samAcAra sunAo ki jIvita nandI paidala cale A rahe haiM aura bhagavAn bAhuvalI unhe calAte A rahe haiN| jaba upasthita logoM ko yaha mAlUma huA, taba unake Ananda kI sImA na rhii| unnata saudhAroM tathA vRkSoM ke zikharoM para car3hakara loga isa dRzya ko dekhane lge| lagabhaga tIna kosa kI dUrI para bhagavAn bAhuvalIzravalabelagola ke gommaTezvara svAmI-nandiyoM ko calAte A rahe the| mahonnata zilAmUrti jo ki bAraha puruSoM ke AkAra-sI bar3I hai-eka sajIva, saumya puruSa ke rUpa meM dikhAI de rahI thii| gommaTezvara ke pratyeka kadama para dharatI kaoNpane lagatI thii| unake pada-tala me jitane latA-gulma par3ate the, cUra-cUra ho jAte the| ahaMkAra kI bhA~ti jamIna ke Upara sira

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anekAnta 58/3-4 uThAye hue zilA-khaNDa bhagavAna bAhubalI ke padAghAta se bhUmi meM dhaMsa jAte the| nandiyoM ke badana se sone kI-sI chavi chiTakatI thii| unake gale me baMdhe hue, pITha kara laTakate hue nAnA prakAra ke choTe-bar3e ghaMTe, kamara para, bagala meM, pairoM meM lage hue ghugharU madhura ninAda kara rahe the, jinakI pratidhvani kAnana meM sarvatra gUMja rahI thii| xxx ve nandI ! dIdI, sunahale raMga ke nandI / meru parvata kI bhA~ti unnata, puSTa, uttama AbharaNoM se saje hue nandiyoM ko parama saumya evaM sundara bhagavAna bAhubalI ko calAte hue AnA aisA bhavya dRzya thA jisakI mahattA kA paricaya use svayaM dekhane para hI ho sakatA hai| zabdoM se usakA varNana karanA sacamuca asabhava hI hai| loga paraspara kahane lage-'isase bar3hakara puNya kA dRzya aura kahA~ dekhane ko milegaa| ise dekhakara hamArI A~kheM dhanya huii| marate dama taka mana meM isa dRzya kA rakhakara jI sakate haiN|' xxx bAhubalI svAmI nandiyoM ko devAlaya ke mahAdvAra taka calAte aaye| taba appAjI, tuma, choTI dIdI, maiM tathA upasthita saba logoM ne Ananda tathA bhakti se hAtha joDakara vAhuvalI tathA nandiyoM ke caraNoM para sira rakhakara praNAma kiyaa| mahAdvAra ke Upara meM logoM ne puSpoM se mahAvali svAmI kA mastakAbhiSeka kiyaa|" (pR. 232, 233, 2-10) prastuta aza ke vizlepaNa se jJAta hotA hai ki bhagavAn bAhubalI jana evaM jainetara dharmoM ke paramArAdhya purupa ke rUpa meM zatAbdiyo se vandanIya rahe. hai| zava mandira ke nirmANa kI parikalpanA meM bhagavAna bAhubalI kA bhakti eva zraddhA se smaraNa aura unakA mugandhita puNyo se bAlaya ke mahAdvAra para puSpAbhiSeka vaha siddha karatA hai ki bhagavAn bAhubalI jaina samAja ke hI nahIM apitu sampUrNa karnATaka gajya kI arcA ke pramukha devapurupa rahe hai| samrAT viSNuvardhana ke pratApI sanApati ne vipaga paristhitiyoM meM bhI hoyasala rAjya kI kIrti-patAko ke lie kaThora 21 kiyA thaa| zAtalA ke lakhaka zrI ke. vI. ayyara ke anusAra

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88 anekAnta 58/3-4 ___"pattoM kI ADa meM chipe hue sugandhi puSpa kI bhA~ti gaMgarAja ne hoyasala rAjya kA nirmANa karake niSkAma karmI kahalAkara ve parama pada ko prApta hue|" inhIM mahAn gagarAja ne gommaTazvara kA parakoTA vanavAyA, gaMgavADi paragane ke samasta jina mandiroM kA jIrNoddhAra karAyA, tathA aneka sthAno para navIna jinamandira nirmANa kraaye| prAcIna kundakundAnvaya ke ve uddhAraka the| inhI kAraNo se ve cAmuNDarAya se bhI sauguNe adhika dhanya kahe gaye haiN| rAjA viSNuvardhana ke uttarAdhikArI narasiMha prathama (I) 1141 se 1172) apanI digvijaya ke avasara para zravaNabelagola Ae aura gommaTa deva kI vizeSa rUpa se arcA kii| unhoMne apane vizeSa sahAyaka parAkramI senApati evaM mantrI hulla dvArA velagola meM nirmita caturvizati jina mandira kA nAma 'bhavyacUr3AmaNi' kara diyA aura mandira ke pUjana, dAna tathA jIrNoddhAra ke lie 'savaNeru' grAma kA dAna kara bhagavAn gommaTeza ke caraNo meM apane rAjya kI bhakti ko abhivyakta kiyaa| mantrI hulla ne nareza narasiMha prathama kI anumati se gommaTapura ke tathA vyApArI vastuoM para lagane vAle kucha kara (Teksa) kA dAna mandira ko kara diyaa| hoyasala rAjya ke vighaTana para dakSiNa bhArata meM vijayanagara sarvadharma sadbhAva kI paramparA me aTUTa AsthA rakhate the| unake rAjyakAla me eka bAra jaina evaM vaiSNava samAja meM gambhIra matabheda ho gyaa| jainiyoM meM se AneyagoNDi Adi nAioM ne rAjA bukkArAya se nyAya ke lie prArthanA kii| rAjA ne jainiyoM kA hAtha vaiSNavoM ke hAtha para rakhakara kahA ki dhArmikatA meM jainiyoM aura vaiSNavoM meM koI bheda nahIM hai| jainiyoM ko pUrvavat hI paccamahAvAdya aura kalaza kA adhikAra hai| jaina darzana kI hAni va vRddhi ko vaiSNavoM ko apanI hI hAni va vRddhi samajhanA caahie| nyAyapriya rAjA ne zravaNabelagola ke mandiroM kI samucita pravandha vyavasthA aura rAjya meM nivAsa karane vAle vibhinna dharmoM ke anuyAyiyoM meM sadbhAvanA kI kar3I ko jor3akara bhagavAn gommaTeza ke caraNoM meM zraddhA ke sumana arpita kie the| vAstava meM bhagavAn gommaTeza

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anekAnta 58/3-4 rASTrIya ekatA evaM vizvabandhutva ke anupama upameya haiN| maisUra rAjyavaMza Arambha se hI bhagavAn gommaTeza kI asIma bhakti ke lie vikhyAta rahA hai| isa tIrtha kI prabandha vyavasthA evaM vikAsa meM maisUra narezoM, mantriyoM, rAjya adhikAriyoM evaM janasAdhAraNa kA viziSTa sahayoga rahA hai | zravaNabelagola kaM mandiro para AI bhayaMkara vipadA ko anubhava karate hue maisUra nareza cAmarAja oDeyara ne belagola ke mandiroM kI jamIna ko RNa se mukta karAyA thaa| eka vizeSa AjJA dvArA unhoMne mandira ko rahana karane va karAne kA niSedha kiyA thA / zravaNabelagola ke jaina maTha ke paramparAgata guru cArukIrti jo telagu sAmanta ke trAsa ke kAraNa anya kisI sthAna para surakSA kI dRSTi se cale gaye the / maisUra nareza ne unheM sasammAna vApisa bulAyA aura punaH maTha meM pratiSThita karake zravaNabelagola kI aitihAsika paramparA ko prANavAn bnaayaa| jaina zilAlekha saMgraha me saMgrahita abhilekha 84 (250), 140 ( 352 ), 444 (365), 83 ( 246 ), 433 (353), 134 (354) maisUra rAjyavaza kI gommaTasvAmI meM apratima bhakti ke dyotaka haiN| maisUra rAjyavaMza eva usake prabhAvazAlI jainetara padAdhikAriyoM kI bhagavAn gommaTeza ke caraNoM meM aTUTa AsthA kA vivaraNa dete hue zvetAmbara muni zrI zIla vijaya jI ne apanI dakSiNa bhArata kI yAtrA ( ci. saM. 1731-32 ) meM likhA hai 89 "maisUra kA rAjA devarAya bhoja sarIkhA dAnI hai aura madya-mAMsa se dUra rahane vAlA hai / usakI AmadanI 65 lAkha kI hai / jisameM se 18 lAkha dharma kArya meM kharca hotA hai / yahA~ ke zrAvaka bahuta dhanI, dAnI aura dayApAlaka haiN| rAjA ke brAhmaNa maMtrI vizAlAkSa ( velAndura paMDita) vidyA, vinaya aura vivekayukta haiM / jaina dharma kA unheM pUrA abhyAsa hai ve jinAgamoM kI tIna bAra pUjA karate haiM, nitya ekAzana karate haiM aura bhojana meM kevala 12 vastue~ lete haiM / prativarSa mAgha kI pUnoM ko gommaTasvAmI kA eka sau ATha kalazoM se paMcAmRta abhiSeka karAte haiN| bar3I bhArI ratha yAtrA hotI hai / " ( nAthUrAma premI, jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, pR. 556 ) 1

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anekAnta 58/3-4 ____ maisUra rAjyavaMza paramparA se bhagavAn bAhubalI ke mastakAbhiSeka meM zraddhA se ruci letA AyA hai| san 1826 meM Ayojita mastakAbhiSeka ke avasara para saMyogavaza zravaNavelagola meM mahAn senApati cAmuNDarAya ke vaMzaja maisUra nareza kRSNarAja baDeyara ke pradhAna aMgarakSaka kI mRtyu ho gaI thii| unake putra puTTa daivarAje arasu ne apane pitA kI pAvana smRti meM gommaTasvAmI kI vArSika pAda pUjA ke lie ukta tithi ko 100 'varaha' kA dAna diyaa| gommaTezvara tIrthakSetra kI pUjA-arcA Adi ke lie isI prakAra se aneka bhaktiparaka abhilekha zravaNabelagola se prApta hote hai| zravaNabelagola sthita bhagavAn gommaTasvAmI kI vizAla evaM uttuMga pratimA kA racanAzilpa evaM kalA kauzala darzanArthiyoM ko mantramugdha kara detA hai| aisI sthiti meM kalA premiyo ko anAyAsa jijJAsA hotI hai ki Aja se sahasrAdhika varSa pUrva bhagavAn bAhubalI kI itanI virAT mUrti kA nirmANa kaise kiyA gayA hogA, kisa prakAra isa vizAlakAya mUrti ko parvata para lAyA gayA hogA aura kaise ise parvata para sthApita kiyA gayA hogA? indragiri parvata para sthiti bhagavAn gommaTezvara kI pratimA ke nirmANa, kalA-kauzala, racanA-zilpa Adi ke sambandha meM mahAn purAtatvavettA zrI ke. Ara. zrInivAsana dvArA prastuta zodhapUrNa jAnakAriyAM atyanta upAdeya haiN| vidvAn lekhaka ne bhAratIya jJAnapITha dvArA prakAzita 'jaina kalA evaM sthApatya' khaMDa 2 ke antargata 'dakSiNa bhArata' (600 se 1000 I0) kI mUrti kalA kA vivecana karate hue apanI mAnyatAo ko isa prakAra prastuta kiyA hai "zravaNabelagola kI indragiri pahAr3I para gommaTezvara kI vizAla pratimA mUrtikalA meM gaMga rAjAoM kI aura, vAstava meM, bhArata ke anya kisI bhI rAjavaMza kI mahattama upalabdhi hai| pahAr3I kI 140 mITara UMcI coTI para sthita yaha mUrti cAroM ora se paryApta dUrI se hI dikhAI detI hai| ise pahAr3I kI coTI ke Upara prakSipta grenAiTa kI caTTAna ko kATakara banAyA gayA hai| patthara kI sundara ravedAra ukera ne nizcaya hI mUrtikAra ko vyApaka rUpa se

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anekAnta 58/3-4 saMtuSTa kiyA hogaa| pratimA ke sira se jAMghoM taka aMga-nirmANa ke lie caTTAna ke avAMchita aMzoM ko Age, pIche aura pArzva se haTAne me kalAkAra kI pratibhA zreSThatA kI carama sImA para jA pahuMcI hai| x x x x pArzva ke zilAkhaNDoM meM cITiyoM Adi kI bAMbiyAM akita kI gayI haiM aura kucheka meM se kukkuTa-sarpo athavA kAlpanika saryoM ko nikalate hue aMkita kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra donoM hI ora nikalatI haI mAdhavI latA ko pAMva aura jAMgho se lipaTatI aura kaMdho taka car3hatI huI aMkita kiyA gayA hai, jinakA aMta puSpoM yA beriyoM ke gucchoM ke rUpa meM hotA hai| xxx yaha aMkana kisI bhI yuga ke sarvotkRSTa aMkanoM meM se eka hai| nukIlI ora savedanazIla nAka, ardhanimIlita dhyAnamagna netra, saumyasmita-oSTha, kiMcit vAhara ko nikalI huI Thor3I, supuSTa gAla, piNDayukta kAna, mastaka taka chAye hue dhuMgharAle keza Adi ina sabhI se AkarSaka, varana devAtmaka mukhamaNDala kA nirmANa huA hai| ATha mITara cauDe baliSTha kaMghe, car3hAva-utAra rahita kuhanI aura ghuTanoM ke jor3a, saMkIrNa nitamba jinakI caur3AI sAmane se tIna mITara hai aura jo veDaula aura atyadhika gola haiM, aise pratIta hote haiM mAno mUrti ko satulana pradAna kara raha hoM, bhItara kI ora urekhita nAlIdAra rIr3ha, sudRr3ha aura aDiga caraNa, sabhI ucita anupAta meM, mUrti ke apratima sauMdarya aura jIvantatA ko bar3hAte haiM, sAtha hI ve jaina mUrtikalA kI una pracalita paramparAoM kI ora bhI saMketa karate hai jinakA daihika prastuti se koI sambandha na thA- kadAcit tIrthakara yA sAdhu ke alaukika vyaktitva ke kAraNa, jinake lie mAtra bhautika jagat kA koI astitva nhiiN| kevalI ke dvArA tyAga kI paripUrNatA-sUcaka pratimA kI nirAvaraNatA, dRr3ha nizcayAtmakatA evaM AtmaniyantraNa kI paricAyaka khaDgAsanamudrA aura dhyAnamagna hote hue bhI mukhamaNDala para kSalakatI smiti ke akana meM mUrtikAra kI mahat parikalpanA aura usake kalA-kauzala ke darzana hote haiN| sira aura mukhAkRti ke atirikta hAthoM, uMgaliyoM, nakhoM, pairo tathA er3iyo kA akana isa kaThora durgama caTTAna para jisa dakSatA ke sAtha kiyA gayA hai, vaha Azcarya kI vastu hai| sampUrNa pratimA ko vAstava meM

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anekAnta 58/3-4 pahAr3I kI UMcAI aura usake AkAra-prakAra ne saMtulita kiyA hai tathA paramparAgata mAnyatA ke anusAra jisa pahAr3I coTI para bAhabalI ne tapazcaraNa kiyA thA vaha pIche kI ora avasthita hai aura Aja bhI isa vizAla pratimA ko pairoM aura pAzvoM ke nikaTa AdhAra pradAna kiye hue hai, anyathA yaha pratimA aura bhI UMcI hotii| jaisA ki phargyusana ne kahA hai: 'isase mahAna aura prabhAvazAlI racanA mizra se bAhara kahIM bhI astitva meM nahIM hai aura vahAM bhI koI jJAta pratimA isakI U~cAI ko pAra nahIM kara sakI hai|' xxx isake atirikta hai samUce zarIra para darpaNa kI bhAMti camakatI pAliza jisase bhUre-sveta grenAiTa prastara ke dAne bhavya ho uThe haiM; aura bhavya ho uThI hai inameM nihita sahasra varSa se bhI adhika samaya se vismRta athavA napTaprAya yaha kalA jise samrATa azoka aura usake prapautra dazaratha ke zilpiyoM ne uttara bhArata meM gayA ke nikaTa barAbara aura nAgArjunI pahAr3iyoM kI AjIvika guphAoM ke suvistRta aMtaH bhAgoM kI pAliza ke lie apanAyA thaa| xxx mUrti ke zarIrAMgoM ke anupAta ke cayana meM mUrtikAra pahAr3I-coTI para nirAvRtta mUrti kI asAdhAraNa sthiti se bhalI-bhAMti paricita thaa| yaha sthiti usa aNDAkAra pahAr3I kI thI jo mIloM vistRta prAkRtika dRzyAvalI se ghirI thii| mUrti vAstavika artha meM digambara honI thI, arthAt khulA AkAza hI usakA vitAna aura vastrAbharaNa hone the| mUrtikAra kI isa nissIma vyoma-vitAna ke nIce avasthita kalAkRti ko spaSTa rUpa se isa pRSThabhUmi ke aMtargata dekhanA hogA aura vaha bhI dUravartI kisI aise koNa se jahA~ se samagra AkRti darzaka kI dRSTi-sImA meM samAhita ho ske| aise koNa se dekhane para hI zarIrAMgoM ke ucita anupAta aura kalAkRti kI utkRSTatA kA anubhava ho sakatA hai|" (pRSTha 225-227) gommaTezvara dvAra ke bAyIM ora eka pASANa para aMkita zilAlekha 85 (234) meM kannaDa kavi voppaNa 'sujanottama' ne bhagavAn gommaTezvara ke alaukika vigraha ke nirmANa, racanA-kauzala, janazrutiyoM Adi kA hRdayagrAhI vivecana kiyA hai| battIsa padyoM meM prastuta kI gaI yaha kAvyAtmaka prazasti

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anekAnta 58/3-4 vAstava meM kavirAja voppaNa ke mukha meM prAkRtika rUpa se sthita battIsa dAMtoM kI sammilita pUjA hai| bhagavAn gommaTeza kI kalAtmaka pratimA kI prazaMsA meM kavi kA kalA premI mana isa prakAra se abhivyakta huA hai atituMgAkRtiyA doDAgadadarolsaundaryyamaunnatyamu nutasaundaryamumAge mtttishyNtaanaagdaunntymuN| nutasaundaryyamumUjitAtizayamuM tannalli nindiIveM kSitisampUjyamo gommaTezvara jinazrIrUpamAtmopamaM / xxx xxx mareduM pAradu mele pakSinivahaM kakSadvayoddezadol miruguttuM porapoNmuguM surabhikAzmIrAruNacchAyamIteradAzcaryyamanI trilokada janaM tAneyde kaNDihuMdAnnerevanrneTTane gommaTezvarajinazrI mUrtiyaM kIrtisat / / arthAt 'java mUrti bahuta bar3I hotI hai taba usameM saundarya prAyaH nahIM aataa| yadi bar3I bhI huI aura saundarya bhI huA to usameM daivI prabhAva kA abhAva ho sakatA hai| para yahA~ ina tInoM ke mizraNa se gommaTezvara kI chaTA apUrva ho garva hai| kavi ne eka daivI ghaTanA kA ullekha kiyA hai ki eka samaya sAre dina bhagavAn kI mUrti para AkAza se 'nameru' puSpoM kI varSA huI jise sabhI ne dekhaa| kabhI koI pakSI mUrti ke Upara hokara nahIM udd'taa| bhagavAn kI bhujAoM ke adhobhAga se nitya sugandha aura kezara ke samAna rakta jyoti kI AbhA nikalatI rahatI hai| sahasrAdhika varSa se bhagavAn vAhubalI kI anupama pratimA jana-jana ke lie vandanIya rahI hai| digvijayI samrAToM, kuzala mantriyoM, zUravIra senApatiyo, musalamAna rAjAoM, aMgreja gavarnara janarala, deza-videza ke kalAvido evaM janasAdhAraNa ne isa mUrti meM nihita saundarya kI mukta kaMTha se sarAhanA kI hai| kAyotsarga mudrA meM yaha mahAn mUrti janma-maraNa ke cakra se mukti kA sandeza de rahI hai| suprasiddha kalA-premI evaM cintaka zrI

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anekAnta 58/3-4 henarika jimmara ne bhagavAn gommaTeza kI kalAtmaka evaM AdhyAtmika sampadA kA nirUpaNa karate hue likhA hai 'AkRti evaM aMga-pratyaMga kI saMracanA kI dRSTi se yadyapi yaha pratimA mAnavIya hai, tathApi adhara laTakatI himazilA kI bhA~ti amAnavIya, mAnavottara hai aura isa prakAra janma-maraNa rUpa saMsAra se, daihika cintAo se, vaiyaktika niyati, icchAoM, pIr3AoM evaM ghaTanAoM se saphalatayA asaMpRkta tathA pUrNatayA antarmukhI cetanA kI nirmala abhivyakti hai| ... kisI abhautika alaukika padArtha se nirmita jyotistaMbha kI nAI vaha sarvathA sthira, acala aura caraNoM meM namita evaM sotsAha pUjanotsava meM lIna bhakta-samUha ke prati sarvathA nirapekSa pUrNatayA udAsIna khaDgAsIna hai|' (mahAbhiSeka smaraNikA, pR. 185) bhAratIya svatantratA Andolana kI gauravazAlI paramparA meM rASTrIya netAo evaM udAra dharmAcAryoM kI preraNA se bhAratIya jana-mAnasa meM prAcIna bhArata ke gaurava ke prati vizeSa AkarSaNa kA bhAva bana gyaa| svatantra bhArata meM prAcIna bhAratIya vidyAoM ke unnayana evaM saMrakSaNa ke lie vizeSa prayAsa kie gae haiN| bhArata ke prathama pradhAnamantrI zrI javAhara lAla neharU kA bhAratIya vidyAoM evaM itihAsa se janmajAta rAgAtmaka sambandha rahA hai| mahAna kalApremI zrI neharU ne 7 sitambara 1651 ko apanI ekamAtra lADalI suputrI indirA gAMdhI ke sAtha bhagavAn gommaTeza kI pratimA ke darzana kie the| bhagavAn gommaTeza ke lokottara chavi ke darzana se vaha bhAva-vibhora ho gae aura una gauravazAlI kSaNoM meM unheM apane tana-mana kI sudha nahIM rhii| AtmavismRti kI isa adbhuta ghaTanA kA ullekha karate hue unhoMne maTha kI pustikA meM likhA hai- I came, I saw and left enchanted ! (maiM yahAM AyA, maiMne darzana kie aura vismaya-vimugdha raha gayA !) vAstava meM bhAratIya kalAkAroM ne isa advitIya pratimA meM isa deza ke mahAn AdhyAtmika mUlyoM kA kuzalatA se samAveza kara diyA hai| isIlie

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anekAla 58/3-4 isa pratimA kI zaraNa meM Ae hue deza-videza ke paryaTaka evaM tIrthayAtrI apanI-apanI bhASA evaM dharma ko vismaraNa kara vizva-bandhutva ke upAsaka bana jAte haiN| bhagavAn gommaTeza kI isa alaukika pratimA ne vigata dasa zatAbdiyoM se bhAratIya samAja vizeSataH karnATaka rAjya kI saMskRti ko prANavAn banAne meM mahatvapUrNa sahayoga diyA hai| bhagavAn bAhubalI ke isa apUrva jina bimba ke kAraNa hI zravaNabelagola rASTrIya tIrtha bana gayA hai| isa mahAna kalAkRti ke avadAna se prerita hokara zrI na. sa. rAmacandraiyA ne vinIta bhAva se likhA hai__ "vAhubalI kI vizAla hRdayatA ko hI isa bAta kA zreya hai ki sabhI dezoM aura aMcaloM se, uttarottara bar3hatI huI saMkhyA meM, yahAM Ane vAle tIrtha-yAtrI bhASA tathA dharma ke bhedabhAva ko bhUla jAte haiN| na kevala jainoM ne, balki zaivoM aura vaiSNavoM ne bhI, yahAM mandira banavAye haiM aura isa jaina tIrtha-snAna ko aneka prakAra se alaMkRta kiyA hai| gommaTa hI isa AdhyAtmika sAmrAjya ke cakravartI samrAT hai| sAhitya evaM kalA ke sAtha yahAM dharma kA jo sammizraNa haA hai usake pIche isI mahAmAnava kI preraNA thii| karnATaka kI saMskRti meM jo kucha bhI mahAn hai usa sabakA vaha pratIka bana gayA hai|" kAlidAsa kaha gaye haiM ki mahAn logoM kI AkAMkSAeM bhI mahAn hI hotI haiM-'utsarpiNI khalu mahatAM praarthnaa|' bAhubalI mAnava-utkRSTatA ke uccatama zikhara para pahuMce hue the| mAnava itihAsa meM isase adhika preraNAdAyaka udAharaNa aura koI nahIM mila sktaa| voppaNa ke vRtta kI eka paMkti yahAM uddhRta karane yogya hai| 'emakSiti sampUjyamo gommaTezvara jinazrIrUpa Atmopamam !' isase hameM vAlmIki kI suvidita upamA kA smaraNa ho AtA hai-'gaganaM gaganAkAraM sAgaraM saagropmm|' gommaTa kI bhavya tathA vizAla utkRSTatA advitIya hai| (maisUra, pR. 146) bhagavAn gommaTeza ke isI bhavya evaM utkRSTa rUpa ke prati zraddhA arpita karane kI bhAvanA se deza kI lokapriya pradhAnamantrI zrImatI indirA gAMdhI ne bhagavAn bAhubalI sahasrAbdI pratiSThApanA samAroha ke avasara para

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anekAnta 58/3-4 helIkApTara se gagana-parikramA karate hue bhagavAn gommaTeza kA sadyajAta sugandhita kusumoM evaM maMtra - pUta rajata - puppo se abhiSeka kiyA thaa| isI avasara para Ayojita eka vizAla sabhA meM bhagavAn gommaTeza ke caraNoM meM zraddhA abhivyakta karate hue unhoMne isa mahAn kalA-nidhi ko zakti aura saundarya kA, bala kA pratIka batalAyA thA / mahAmastakAbhiSeka ke Ayojana kI saMstuti karate hue unhone isa avasara ko bhArata kI prAcIna paramparA kA sundara udAharaNa kahA thA / bhagavAn gommaTeza kI vizeSa vandanA ke nimitta vaha apane sAtha AsthA kA arghya - candana kI mAla, cAMdI jar3A zrIphala aura pUjana sAmagrI le gaI thIM / uparyukta sAmagrI ko AdarapUrvaka zravaNabelagola ke bhaTTAraka svAmI ko bheMTa karate hue unhoMne kahA thA- "ise deza kI ora se aura merI ora se, abhiSeka ke samaya bAhubalI ke caraNoM meM car3hA diijie|" 96 - 1617 darIbAkalA, dillI- 11006 vizeSa prastuta nibandha me carcita zilAlekha jaina zilAlekha saMgraha (bhAga eka) meM uddhRta hai| sArA rASTra hI jaina hai ghaTanA pharavarI 1981 kI hai| bhArata kI lokapriya pradhAnamaMtrI bAhubalI bhagavAn zravaNabelagolA ke mahAmastakAbhiSeka samAroha me apane zraddhA sumana arpita kI rAjadhAnI loTa aaii| 26 pharavarI 1981 ko sasada me vyaMgAtmaka DhaMga se kucha sAsado ne prazna uThAyA ki "kyA Apa jaina ho gaI hai?" jo itanI dUra jena pratibhA para zraddhAsumana arpita karane gaI / zrImatI gAdhI ne uttara diyA "mai mahAna bhAratIya vicAro kI eka pramukha dhArA ke prati apanI zraddhA vyakta karane vahA gaI thI, jisakA bhAratIya itihAsa ve saMskRti para gaharA prabhAva hai aura svataMtratA saMgrAma me una siddhAMto ko apanAyA gayA thA / rASTrapitA gAdhI jI ne jainiyoM ke mUla siddhAta aparigrahaka ahisA ke bala para hI Az2AdI kA mArga prazasta kiyA thaa| maiM hI kyoM samasta rASTra hI jaina hai, kyoki hamArA rASTra ahiMsAvAdI hai ora jaina dharma kA mUla siddhAta ahiMsA hai| hama jaina dharma ke Adarza ko nahIM choDeMgeM" isake pazcAta saMsada meM eka dama zAnti ho gaI /

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jaina saMskRti evaM sAhitya ke vikAsa meM dakSiNa bhArata kA yogadAna -ramA dAnta jaina godAvarI nadI ke dakSiNa meM avasthita Andhra pradeza, tamilanADu, karNATaka, kerala tathA mahArASTra kA vaha bhUbhAga jo kabhI gaMgoM, cAlukyoM aura rASTrakUToM ke Adhipatya meM rahA, sAmAnyatayA dakSiNa bhArata mAnA jAtA hai| yahAM kI mukhya bhASAeM telugu, tamila, kannar3a aura malayAlama haiN| yadyapi vartamAna kAla ke caubIsoM tIrthakara uttara bhArata meM hI hue, itihAsa kAla ke prArambha se hI dakSiNa bhArata jaina dharma ke anuyAyiyoM se yukta rahA aura kaI zatAbdiyoM taka jaina dharma kA eka sudRr3ha gar3ha banA rhaa| jena saMskRti aura sAhitya ke saMvarddhana meM dakSiNa bhArata kA viziSTa yogadAna rahA hai| varSa 2001 kI janagaNanAnusAra dakSiNa ke cAra rAjyoM meM 5,43,344 jainadharmAnuyAyI batate haiM sabase adhika 4,12,659 karNATaka meM haiN| dakSiNa bhArata meM jaina dharma kA praveza ___ hariSeNa ke vRhatkathAkoza, ratnanandI ke bhadrabAhucarita, cidAnanda kavi ke munivaMzAbhyudaya aura paM. devacandra kI rAjAvalikathe meM nibaddha jana anuzruti ke anusAra uttara bhArata meM 12 varSIya bhISaNa durbhikSa par3ane kI AzaMkA se antima zrutakevali bhadrabAhu ne jaina muniyoM ke vizAla saMgha ke sAtha dakSiNa kI ora vihAra kiyA thaa| bhadrabAha zravaNabelagola meM kaTavapra pahAr3I para ruka gaye aura apane ziSya vizAkhAcArya ko anya muniyoM ke sAtha pANDya aura cola rAjyoM meM jAne kA Adeza diyaa| unakI samAdhi vIra nirvANa taMvat 162 (I.pU. 365) meM huI thii| kintu yaha jaina dharma aura usake anuyAyiyoM ke dakSiNa bhArata meM praveza kA prathama caraNa nahIM rahA hogA, apitu usake pUrva hI karNATaka aura tamilanADu ke pANDya

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anekAnta 58/3-4 aura cola rAjyoM meM unakA prasAra ho cukA hogA tabhI vizAla muni saMgha ko zAntipUrNa caryA hetu AcArya vahAM le gye| jaina muniyoM kA dakSiNa bhAratavAsiyoM para prabhAva jaina-muniyoM kI sarala-sAdI jIvanacaryA, vinamra svabhAva, niSkapaTa vyavahAra aura naitika zikSAoM ne dakSiNa kI sabhya vidyAdhara jAti ko moha liyaa| sAdhuoM ne bhI ghaniSTatA bar3hAne ke liye sthAnIya boliyoM aura bhASAoM ko sIkhA aura unameM sAhitya sRjana kiyaa| dakSiNa bhArata meM jaina dharma ko janasammAna aura rAjyAzraya donoM hI prApta rahe aura IsvI san kI prathama kaI zatAbdiyoM taka jaina dharmAnuyAyI dakSiNa bhAratIya samAja meM agraNI paMkti meM bane rhe| tadanantara zaiva, vaiSNava aura vIra-zaiva sampradAyoM ke kaTTara vidveSa aura rAjyAzraya samApta ho jAne ke kAraNa unakI sthiti meM hrAsa huaa| tadapi dakSiNa bhAratIya samAja para jaina dharma aura usake anuyAyiyoM kA prabhAva abhI banA huA hai| Aja bhI dakSiNa meM varNamAlA sIkhane ke pUrva vidyArthiyoM ko 'onAmAsIdhaM (om namaH siddhebhyaH) sikhAyA jAtA hai jo rASTrakUTa kAla meM jaina guruoM dvArA zikSA ke kSetra meM DAlI gaI apanI gaharI chApa kA pariNAma hai| tamila samAja ke ucca vargo meM jaina saMskAra abhI bhI vidyamAna haiN| zaiva dharma ke punarutthAna aura rAjanItika kAraNoM se bhArI saMkhyA meM jainoM kA dharmAntaraNa huA, kintu dharma parivartita logoM ne apane jaina rIti-rivAjoM ko apanAye rkhaa| unake AcAra vaise hI bane rhe| tamila zabda 'zaivama' vizuddha zAkAhArI ke liye prayukta hotA hai aura vahAM ke brAhmaNa zuddha zAkAhArI hote haiM jo spaSTatayA jaina dharma kA prabhAva hai| prAkRta, saMskRta aura apabhraMza ke sAhitya bhaNDAra kI abhivRddhi meM dakSiNAtya jainAcAryoM kA yogadAna prathama zatI IsvI se hI dakSiNa bhArata meM aneka prakANDa vidvAn aura

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anekAnta 58/3-4 99 prabhAvaka jaina AcArya hue jinhoMne prAkRta, saMskRta aura apabhraMza bhASAoM meM adhyAtma, dharma, darzana, nyAya, zramaNAcAra, zrAvakAcAra, vyAkaraNa, chanda, vaidyaka, purANa grantha aura TIkA grantha Adi kI racanA karake jaina bhAratI ke bhaNDAra ko dhArmika evaM laukika sAhitya se bhraa| IsvI san kI prathama sahasrAbdi meM AcArya kundakunda, guNadhara, umAsvAmi, svAmI samantabhadra, zivakoTi, kavi paramezvara, sarvanandi, pUjyapAda, devanandi, vajranandi, pAtrakesari, zrIvarddhadeva, bhaTTa akalaMka deva, jaTAsiMhanandi, svAmI vIrasena, mahAkavi svayambhU, vidyAnandi, jinasena svAmI, ugrAdityAcArya, mahAvIrAcArya, zAkaTAyana palyakIrti, rASTrakUTa nareza amoghavarSa prathama, guNabhadra, somadeva sUri, mahAkavi puSpadanta, nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI, vIranandi, vAdirAja sUri, vAdIbhasiMha sUri, yatimalliSeNa tathA amRtacandra sUri prabhRti vidvAn ullekhanIya haiN| jainadharmAnuyAyiyoM dvArA dakSiNa bhAratIya bhASAoM ke sAhitya meM yogadAna dakSiNa bhAratIya bhASAoM meM tamila bhASA sabase prAcIna hai| isakI apanI varNamAlA, apanI lipi, svatantra zabda bhaNDAra, vyAkaraNa, ukti vaicitrya aura abhivyakti kI vidyA tathA dhArmika va laukika viSayoM para vividha vipula sAhitya hai| I. pU. dvitIya-prathama zatI se tamila meM lipiddha zilAlekha milane prArambha ho jAte haiN| tamila sAhitya kI abhivRddhi tamilanADu meM jaina muni saMghoM ke praveza ke sAtha mAnI jAtI hai| prAcInatama upalabdha kRti tolakAppiyam padya meM nibaddha vyAkaraNa grantha hai| isake kartA pratimA yogI tolakAppiyara haiN| isake 'marabiyala' vibhAga meM jIvoM kA vargIkaraNa jaina siddhAnta ke anusAra hai| guNavIra paNDita ne bhI neminAtham nAmaka eka anya vyAkaraNa rcaa| tamila ke 18 nIti granthoM meM tirukkurala, nAlaDiyAra aura palamoli

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100 anekAnta 58/3-4 kA sthAna sarvopari hai; ye jaina kRtiyAM mAnI jAtI haiN| kaNimedaiyAra kI tiNaimAle aura elAdi, vilambinAthara kI nAnmANikkaDigai aura mAkkAriyAzana kI zrIpaMcamUlam bhI 18 nIti kAvyoM meM samAhita jaina kRtiyAM haiN| tamila ke prasiddha paMca mahAkAvyoM meM se tIna - zilappadikAram, valayApati aura jIvaka cintAmaNi tathA pAMcoM upa kAvya - nIlakezI, cUr3AmaNi, yazodhara kAvyam, udayaNana kadai aura nAgakumAra kAvyam bhI jaina kRtiyAM haiN| uparyukta ke atirikta jaina racanAkAroM ne stotra, ukti saMgraha, chanda zAstra, gaNita, jyotiSa Adi para bhI gambhIra racanAeM evaM TIkAyeM likhakara tamila sAhitya kI abhivRddhi kii| dvitIya zatI IsvI se pracalana prApta kannar3a bhASA kA prAcInatama upalabdha grantha rASTrakUTa nareza amoghavarSa prathama kRta kavirAjamArga hai| tadanantara dasavIM zatI IsvI se satrahavIM zatI IsvI taka kannar3a bhASA meM jainadharmAnuyAyiyoM dvArA vividha viSayaka vipula sAhitya kI racanA kI gii| dasavIM zatI IsvI meM kinhIM koTyAcArya ne gadya meM vaDDArAdhane kI aura mahAkavi Adi-pampa ne AdipurANa kI racanA kI thii| satrahavIM zatI IsvI taka kannar3a meM jaina kaviyoM dvArA 19 purANa race gye| inake atirikta lIlAvatI, harivaMzAbhyudaya, aura jIva saMbodhane nAmaka kAvya; mAlatImAdhava nAmaka nATaka; kAvyAlokana nAmaka alaMkAra grantha; chandombudhi nAmaka chanda zAstra; bhASAbhUSaNa aura zabda smRti nAmaka vyAkaraNa grantha; tathA jAtakatilaka evaM narapiMgali nAmaka jyotiSa granthoM kI racanA huii| rAjA ditya ne gaNita para 6 grantha rce| govaidya, kalyANakAraka aura bAlagRhacikitsA nAmaka vaidyaka granthoM kA tathA jaina dharma evaM darzana viSayaka samaya parIkSe, dharmAmRta, AcArasAra, prAmRtatraya aura tatvArtha paramAtma prakAzikA kA praNayana huaa| cAmuNDarAya ne nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ke gommaTasAra para vIra mArtaNDI nAmnI kannar3a TIkA rcii| SaTapadi grantha, sAMgatya grantha, zataka grantha, aura sUpazAstra sadRza lokopakArI granthoM kA bhI praNayana huaa|

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anekAnta 58/3-4 bharateza vaibhava aura zatakatrayI ke racayitA ratnAkaravarNI madhyakAla ke ullekhanIya kannar3a kavi haiM / 101 yUM to telugu bhASA bhI 2000 varSa prAcIna hai, Arambha meM saMskRta aura prAkRta ko rAjyAzraya prApta rahane se telugu kA vyavahAra Ama janatA meM gharoM taka sImita rhaa| sAtavAhana narezoM ne zilAlekhoM aura dAnapatroM meM telugu kA prayoga prArambha kiyA / gyArahavIM zatI I. meM hue nannaya bhaTTa telugu ke jJAta Adi- kavi paMDita mAne jAte haiM usake pUrva kA sAhitya dhArmika vidveSa kI agni meM svAhA ho gayA / tadapi usa ajJAta yuga meM bhI vAMciyAra nAmaka jaina lekhaka dvArA telugu meM chanda zAstra likhe jAne kA zrIpati paNDita kA aura san 941 I. meM hue padma kavi dvArA jinendra purANa race jAne kA ullekha milatA hai| jaina kavi bhImanA ke rAghavapANDavIya kAvya ko brAhmaNa nannaya bhaTTa ne IrSyAvaza naSTa karA diyA thA / 1100 I. meM hue jaina kavi mallanA aparanAma pAvulUri ne pAvulUri gaNita rcaa| kavi aghavarNa ne telugu meM eka chandazAstra aura do vyAkaraNa granthoM kI racanA kI thI / Adhunika kAla meM vedama veMkaTa zAstrI ne bobbiliyuddhamu nAmaka aitihAsika nATaka aura bobbilirAjukathA kI racanA kI aura DaoN. cilukUri nArAyaNarAva ne jaina dharma para telugu meM pustaka likhI / malayAlama sAhitya ke itihAsa meM jaina kRtiyoM aura kRtikAroM kA ullekha samprati dekhane meM nahIM AyA / upasaMhAra isa prakAra dakSiNa bhArata ko aneka prakANDa vidvAn, vAgmI aura prabhAvaka jaina AcAryo ko janma dene kA zreya hai jinhoMne jaina dharma aura saMskRti ke pracAra-prasAra meM abhUtapUrva yogadAna diyA / 'pUjyapAda' jaise sammAnasUcaka virudoM se vibhUSita akalaMkadeva ke pramANa saMgraha kA maMgala

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anekAnta 58/3-4 zloka kaI zatAbdiyoM taka dakSiNa bhArata ke zilAlekhoM tathA jaina evaM jainetara kRtiyoM meM apanAyA gayA / 102 ahiMsA ko apanAne vAle jainadharmAnuyAyI zatru rAjyoM ke prati zastra uThAne meM akSama rahe, jana sAmAnya kI isa Ama dhAraNA kA nirasana dakSiNa bhArata ke itihAsa se bakhUbI hotA hai| vahAM aneka jainadharmAnuyAyiyoM ne na kevala rAjasattAeM sthApita kI apitu naiSThika jaina rahate hue bhI adbhuta zaurya se raNabhUmi meM vipakSiyoM ke dAMta khaTTe kiye / dakSiNa meM sarvAdhika jIvi gaMgavaMzIya rAjya ke saMsthApaka daddiga aura mAdhava koMguNivarma jainadharmAnuyAyI the / dasavIM zatI IsvI meM hue gaMga narezoM ke mahAmantrI evaM pradhAna senApati cAmuNDarAya, jo 'samyakatva ratnAkara' jaisI upAdhiyoM se vibhUSita the, ko raNabhUmi meM aneka bAra apanA hastakauzala dikhAne hetu 'vairikulakAladaNDa' jaise virudoM se sammAnita kiyA gayA thA / madhyakAla meM musalamAnI rAjya ke kAraNa jaba uttara bhArata meM digambara jaina sAdhuoM kI paraMparA vicchinna ho gaI thI dakSiNa meM jaina muni apanI caryA kA pUrvavat pAlana karate rahe the| 20 vIM zatI IsvI ke prathama pAda meM briTiza zAsana kI kRpA se digambara jaina muniyoM kA uttara bhArata meM bhI punaH padArpaNa huA | mUDabadrI, hummaca aura zravaNabelagola ke jaina maTha aura vahAM ke bhaTTAraka sampUrNa bhArata meM zraddhAspada bane rahe / zravaNabelagola meM vindhyagiri ke zikhara para pratiSThApita gommaTezvara bAhubali kA 57 phuTa uttuMga pratibimba mUrtivijJAna aura rUpazilpa kI anupama kalAkRti hai, vizva ke Azcaryo meM parigaNita hai| isa mUrti ke anukaraNa para na kevala dakSiNa meM hI apitu uttara bhArata meM bhI kaI sthAno para bAhubalI kI mUrti pratiSThApita kI gaI / isa vizAlakAya mUrti kA mastakAbhiSeka sAmAnyatayA 12 varSa ke antarAla para bar3I dhUmadhAma se hotA hai jisameM deza-videza se lAkhoM zraddhAlu sammilita hote haiM /

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jaina badrI (zravaNabelagolA) bhagavAn bAhubalI kI vizAla mUrti vindhyagiri parvata para virAjamAna hai| pahAr3a para 600 sIr3hiyoM dvArA car3hakara pahuMcate haiN| yaha parvata jainoM kA hI nahI, apitu ajaina tathA paradesiyoM kI dRSTi meM bhI bahuta pavitra hai isIliye sabhI yAtrI naMge paira hI isa para car3hate haiN| ye sIr3hiyA~ muMbaI ke prasiddha jauharI dAnavIra seTha mANikacaMda hIrAcaMda, je.pI. ne san 1884 meM banavAI thiiN| thor3I dUra jAne para eka ke bAda eka, patthara ke do toraNadvAra milate haiN| kucha hI dUra car3hane para nIce ke maidAna meM sthita zravaNabelagolA gA~va tathA usakA pavitra sarovara aura zasya zyAmala kSetrabhUmi ke manamohaka dRzya khule rUpa meM dikhAI dete haiN| Age car3hane para eka mandira milatA hai jisako yahA~ ke seTha padmarAjaiyA ne banavAyA thA, ise "brahmadeva maMdira" kahate hai| brahmadeva dakSiNa meM kSetrapAla mAne jAte haiN| brahmadeva siMdUra se raMge hue pASANa mAtra haiN| yahA~ ke loga ise 'jAruguppe appa' kahate haiN| ise hirIsAla nivAsI raMgayyA ne san 1677 meM banavAyA thaa| isakI dUsarI majila para 5 phuTa U~cI kAle patthara kI bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kI padmAsana pratimA virAjamAna hai| aba kucha aura car3hane para, bhagavAna bAhabalI ke maMdira ke sabase bAharI prakoSTa ke dvAra para pahu~ca jAte haiN| dakSiNa ke jaina maMdiroM ke viSaya meM yaha bAta dhyAna meM rakhanA jarUrI hai ki ve prathamataH drAvir3a sthApatya ke anurUpa hote hai| dUsare, uttara prAntoM ke jaina maMdiroM se unakA sabase bar3A antara banAvaTa kA hai| dakSiNa ke maMdira banAvaTa meM do taraha ke hote haiM:- eka basadi jinameM prAyaH khaMbhovAlI sukhanAsI aura navaraMga hote haiM aura mUrtiyAM sabase bhItara ke garbhagRha meM virAjamAna rahatI haiN| mUrtiyoM ke donoM tarapha yakSa-yakSI kA honA jarUrI bAta hai| ina maMdiroM meM parikramA nahIM hotI, uttara ke maMdiroM meM binA parikramA

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anekAnta 58/3-4 kA maMdira to kyA, caityAlaya bhI nahIM milegA / dakSiNa ke dUsarI taraha ke maMdiroM ko 'beTTa' kahate haiM / ye bahudhA parvatoM ke khule zikharoM para hote haiM jinameM kisI ghere ke andara bAhubalI kI khar3agAsana mUrti hotI hai / aise beTTa dakSiNa meM to bahuta se haiM parantu uttara meM koI nahIM hai / 104 jainI meM kula 38 maMdira haiM jinameM se 8 vindhyagiri para isI parakoTe meM aura 16 candragiri para tathA 14 zravaNabelagolA grAma meM haiM / vindhyagiri ke maMdiroM ke cAroM tarapha jo parakoTA hai usake kapATa nahIM haiM / prAtaH 6 baje se zAma ke 6 baje taka sabake liye khulA rahatA hai / bhaktibhAva pradarzana karane meM yahAM ke ajaina jainoM ko bhI mAta karate haiM / bhagavAn una sabake haiM jo unheM zraddhA-bhakti se bhajatA hai / isa ghere meM jo 8 maMdira haiM unakA varNana isa prakAra hai : 1. caubIsa tIrthaGkara basadi - yaha bahuta hI choTA maMdira hai isa maMdira ke bhItara eka garbhagRha, usake bAda sukhanAsI tathA dvAramaMDapa hai| isa maMdira meM kisI tIrthakara kI koI khAsa mUrti nahIM hai, balki patthara kI eka paTiyA para nIce kI ora tIna mUrtiyAM khar3I haiM aura unake Upara 21 choTI-choTI mUrtiyAM gola prabhAmaMDala meM aMkita kI gaI haiN| san 1648 meM cArukIrti, paMDita dharmacandra Adi ne isakA nirmANa kiyA thA / 2. odegala basadi - isa prAkAra meM sabase bar3A maMdira yahI hai / yaha eka U~ce cabUtare para banA hai aura sIr3hiyAM car3hakara Upara jAte haiN| dIvAroM ko saMbhAlane ke liye TekeM lagAne ke kAraNa isakA yaha nAma par3A hai / isake garbhagRhoM ke tInoM dvAra kramazaH pUrva, pazcima tathA dakSiNa dizA kI tarapha haiM jinameM AdinAtha, zAntinAtha aura neminAtha kI vizAla mUrtiyAM sthApita haiM / isa kAraNa isa maMdira kA nAma 'trikUTa basadi' bhI par3a gayA hai / yaha hoyasala rAjyakAla kA banA huA hai / 1 3. cennaNNa basadi - isameM candraprabhu bhagavAn kI 2.1/2 phuTa U~cI pratimA virAjamAna hai| maMdira meM eka garbhagRha hai, eka dvAramaMDapa hai aura

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anekAnta 58/3-4 ___105 bhItara osAra hai| isa maMdira ke Age eka mAnastaMbha khar3A hai| ise cennaNNa ne san 1673 meM banavAyA thaa| ___4. siddhara basadi-yaha maMdira hai to choTA-sA hI, para isameM 3 phuTa U~cI siddha bhagavAna kI mUrti virAjamAna hai| mUrti ke donoM ora 6-6 phuTa U~ce mUrtiyoM se khacita staMbha haiN| donoM staMbhoM para aneka mUrtiyAM aMkita haiN| ___5. akhaNDabAgilu (akhaMDa daravAjA)-yaha eka hI akhaNDa grenAiTa kI zilA ko kATakara banAyA gayA hai| isake UparI bhAga meM gajaba kI nakkAzI kI gaI hai| bIca meM lakSmI jI eka khile kamala meM virAjamAna haiM jinheM do hAthI snAna karA rahe haiM, ise bhI cAmuNDarAya ne hI banavAyA thaa| isakI dAI ora bhagavAn bAhubalI jI tathA bAI ora bharata jI kA maMdira hai| inakA nirmANa bharatezvara daNDanAyaka ne san 1130 meM kiyA thaa| ___6. siddharaguNDu-akhaNDa daravAje kI dAI ora eka bar3I zilA hai jise siddharaguNDu (siddhazilA) kahate haiN| isa zilA para aneka lekha haiM aura UparI bhAga meM kaI jainAcAryo kI nAmasahita mUrtiyA~ aMkita haiN| ___7. gullikAyijjI bAgilu-akhaNDa daravAje ke sivAya yaha dUsarA daravAjA hai| isakA yaha nAma par3ane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki isakI dAI ora kI zilA para baiThI huI eka strI kA citra khudA hai jo 1 phuTa kA hai| logoM ne use gulkiAyijjI samajha liyA hai parantu zilAlekha naM. 418 se vidita hotA hai ki yaha citra malliseTi kI putrI kA hai, jisane yahAM samAdhimaraNa kiyA thaa| 8. tyAgada brahmadeva staMbha-isakA dUsarA nAma 'cAgada kaMba' hai| isa para cAmuNDarAya ne apanA aura mUrti banAnevAle kArIgara kA paricaya diyA thA parantu durbhAgya se hegaDe kanna nAma ke mahAzaya ne apanI karatUta amara karane ke liye ukta lekhoM ko ghisavA DAlA, jisase isa mUrti ke sthApanakAla, kArIgara kA nAma tathA cAmuNDarAya ke prazasta jIvana saMbaMdhI mahatvapUrNa ghaTanAeM lupta ho giiN|

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106 anekAnta 58/3-4 DaoN. phargyusana ne isa staMbha kI bar3I tArIfa kI hai| isake nIce ke bhAga meM kaI sacitra zilAlekha haiN| ca~varadhAriyoM se AveSTita guru-ziSya kI mUrti ko loga cAmuNDarAya aura nemicandra 'siddhAnta cakravartI' kI mUrti batAte hai| yaha staMbha bhI usI cAmuNDarAya ne banavAyA thA jisane bhagavAn bAhabalI kI yaha pratimA banAvAI thii| cAmuNDarAya gaMga vaMza ke rAjA rAcamalla (catutha) ke kamAnDara-ina-cIpha aura pradhAnamaMtrI the| ve gommaTasAra Adi graMthoM ke racayitA nemicandra siddhAnta-cakravartI ke ziSya the| unakI hI AjJAnusAra unhoMne isa mUrti kA nirmANa karAkara unhIM ke hAthoM se isakI pratiSThA karAI thii| yaha ghaTanA, isa staMbha para utrkINa kI gaI hai| ___ Aiye, aba bhagavAn bAhubalI ke darabAra ko cleN| yaha jo sAmane choTA-sA daravAjA dikhAI de rahA hai yahI usa darabAra ke adara jAne kA rAstA hai| para yaha daravAjA hai kaisA? isameM na koI jor3a, na tor3a, na kahIM sImenTa hai aura na kahI cUnA lagA hai| eka bar3I parvatazilA ko kora karake yaha daravAjA banAyA gayA hai| isakI dAhinI ora bhagavAn bAhubalI kA maMdira hai aura bAI ora bharata bhagavAn kaa| bharata bhagavAn kA maMdira yahAM kyoM banAyA gayA hai? bhagavAn bAhubalI ke isa rUpa meM tapasyA karane meM yaha hI to kAraNa haiN| yadi ye na hote, to kauna jAne, bhagavAna bAhabalI bhI kalikAla ke hama pAmara prANiyoM kA uddhAra karane ke liye yahAM khar3e hote yA nahIM? isa akhaMDabAgilu kI UparI kamAna ko to dekhiye| kamala meM sthita lakSmI jI ko do hAthI kSIrodadhi ke jala se snAna karA rahe haiN| isa akhaNDa-bAgilu ko bhI cAmuNDarAya ne hI banavAyA thaa| AMgana pAra karate hI yAtrI bhagavAn bAhubalI kI pratimAvAle prAkAra ke daravAje para pahuMca jAtA hai| kar3I dhUpa meM car3hane vAlA yAtrI yahA~ kI zItala chAyA meM vizrAma pAkara Ananda pAtA hai aura bAda meM AMgana ke dvAra meM ghusakara bhagavAn bAhubalI ke darabAra meM hAjira hotA hai| khuda AMgana kA eka bar3A daravAjA hai|

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anekAnta 58/3-4 107 yaha daravAz2A bahuta vizAla hai| trilokInAtha kA yaha darabAra hai; darabAra kA daravAjA bar3A honA hI caahiye| isa daravAje ke dAI ora eka zilAlekha hai, jisa para bhagavAna bharata bAhubalI kI kathA savistAra likhI hai aura cAmaNDarAya dvArA nirmANa kI bAta bhI likhI hai jo aitihAsika dRSTi se bar3e mahatva kI hai| ___ aho! daravAje ke Age yaha bAI kyoM khar3I hai? yaha bAI hai kauna? khar3I isaliye hai ki ise yahAM khar3e hone kA haka hai| yahI ve jaga prasiddha bhaktarAja gullikAyijjI haiM; aura inakI mUrti bhI cAmuNDarAya ne hI yahAM sthApita kI hai| isa staMbha ke UparI bhAga meM to yakSa brahmadeva baiThe haiM isakI eka vizeSatA hai| yahA~ se dekhane para zrI bAhubalI kA mastiSka evaM caraNa donoM dikhate haiN| bhagavAn bAhubalI kA sabase pahalA mahAmastakAbhiSeka karane kA bar3A bhArI gauravAnvita pada cAmuNDarAya ko nahIM, balki bur3hiyA gullikAyijjI ko milaa| cAmuNDarAya ne isa karuNa prasaMga ko bhI patthara para aMkita karAkara apanI isa hAra ko aise alaukika DhaMga se amara banAyA hai, jisase unake hRdaya kI vizAlatA bhI amara ho gii| caliye, aba aMdara cleN| jisa santa ke darzana ke liye A~kheM varSoM se tarasa rahI thIM; usa santa ke sAkSAt darzana karake AtmA, hRdaya, aura A~khoM ko aise svargIya aura ananubhUta sukha tathA tRpti kA anubhava hotA hai jise bhASA ke zabda vyakta nahIM kara skte| Aiye, pahale isa parakoTe aura usakI dIvAroM ko dekheN| akhaNDabAgilu dvAra se ghusane para 65 sIDhiyA~ car3hane ke bAda yAtrI parvatazikhara ke Upara avasthita eka bar3e AMgana meM praviSTa hotA hai| isa AMgana ke andara eka aura AMgana hai aura isI meM gommaTezvara bhagavAn kI mUrti sthApita hai| isa parakoTe ko bhaktarAja gaMgarAja ne san 1166 meM banavAyA thaa| inhoMne aura inake vaMzajoM ne jaina badrI aura isake AsapAsa ke 80 mI. kI paridhi ke grAmoM meM saiMkar3oM aise vizAla maMdira banavAye the

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anekAnta 58/3-4 jinakI lAgata usa jamAne meM bhI kama se kama pacAsa lAkha rupayoM se kama na rahI hogI / cAmuNDarAya dvArA nirmita do-tIna maMdiroM kA hI patA calatA hai parantu gaMgarAja aura unake vaMzajoM dvArA nirmita maMdiroM kI saMkhyA sau se kama nhiiN| 108 isa parakoTe kI dIvAreM mAno lohe kI banI haiN| lagabhaga 1000 varSa se adhika inheM bane ho gaye, para kyA majAla hai ki jarA bhI kahIM se moca khA jAyeM? patthara kI 2-2 phuTa caur3I zilAoM ko kATakara unheM eka ke Upara eka rakhakara ye dIvAreM khar3I kI gaI haiN| isa parakoTe kI bAharI muDagAriyoM para yakSa-yakSiyoM se AveSTita bimba haiM / sAmane kI siddhara basadi kI muDagArI para aSTa digpAloM se AveSTita jinabimba haiM / inhIM digpAloM meM 'madana' nAmaka eka yakSa hai / yahI racanA udayapura saMsthAna-sthita kezariyAnAthajI ke maMdira para bhI dikhAI detI hai / bAhubalI bhagavAn kI mUrti itanI sundara aura sajIva hai ki jo koI ise dekhatA hai vahIM isa para phidA ho jAtA hai / isa mUrti kI sundaratA ke viSaya meM itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai, jisa kisI bhI sthApatya kalA - vijJa ne ise dekhA hai vaha isakI kalA se mohita hue binA nahIM rahA / bhArata sarakAra ke tatkAlIna purAtatva tathA sthApatya vibhAgoM ke DAyarekTara janarala DaoN. phargyusana ne isa mUrti ke viSaya meM likhA hai: "Nothing grandur or more imposing exists out of Egypt and there no known statue surpasses it in height, though it must be confessed they do excel in perfection of the Art they exhibit." yaha mUrti gommaTezvara bhagavAn kI hai| dakSiNa bhArata meM ye isI nAma se prasiddha hai paraMtu dillI, AgarA, phiroz2AbAda, meraTha Adi uttarI bhArata ke kisI jainI se pUcho ki Apa inheM kisa nAma se jAnate aura pUjate haiM to ve inakA nAma 'bAhubalI' hI btaayeNge| adhika saca bAta to yaha hai ki

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anekAnta 58/3-4 109 uttara bhAratIyoM ke liye 'gommaTezvara' kA nAma hI eka naI cIja hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki jainoM ke prasiddha tresaTha zalAkA puruSoM meM se kisI kA bhI nAma 'gommaTezvara' nahIM thaa| bhagavAn jinasena ne bhI apane prasiddha 'AdipurANa' meM inake gommaTezvara nAma kA varNana nahIM kiyaa| mUrti ke sammukha kA maNDapa nau devatAoM se sajA huA hai| inameM se ATha sahasrIka digpAla apanI-apanI savAriyoM meM AsIna batAye gaye haiN| bIca kI chata meM indra mahArAja bhagavAn ke snAna ke liye hAtha meM kalaza liye huai khar3e batAye gaye haiN| ina chatoM kI kArIgarI gajaba kI hai| ina chatoM ko maMtrI baladeva ne 12 vIM zatAbdI meM banavAyA thaa| mUrti ke sAmane patthara kI bAr3a lagI hai jise san 1160 meM bhAratamaiyA ne banavAyA thaa| isa mUrti ke nirmANa-kAla ke viSaya meM bhI matabheda hai| 'insakripazansa oNpha zravaNabelagolA' ke lekhaka prasiddha purAtatvavettA mi luvIsa rAisa, C.I.E., M.R.A.S. san 973 ko isakI pratiSThA kA varSa mAnate haiN| zrI govinda maMjayyezvara pai kA mata hai ki san 981 ke mArca kI 13 vIM tArIkha ravivAra ko isa mUrti kI pratiSThA huI thii| isa saMbaMdha meM kaI matamatAntara pracalita haiN| sabase prasiddha mata yaha hai: kalyabde SaT zatAkhye vinutavibhava saMvatsare mAsi caitre paMcamyAM zuklapakSe dinamaNidivase kuMbhalagne suyoge| saubhAgye mastanAmni prakaTitabhagaNe suprazastAM cakAra zrImaccAmuNDarAjo belgulanagare gommaTezapratiSThAm / / arthAt-kali saMvat 600 meM, vibhava saMvatsara ke caitra mahIne kI sudI 5 ravivAra ko kuMbha lagna meM cAmuNDarAya ne belagola grAma meM zubhakAriNI gommaTeza bhagavAn kI mUrti kI pratiSThA kii| itanA hone para bhI isa viSaya meM vidvAnoM kI bhinna-bhinna rAya haiN| DaoN. Ara. zAmA zAstrI ke matAnusAra yaha tithi tA. 3 mArca 1028 ko par3atI hai| to DaoN.e. beMkaTa subbaiyA ke bhata se yaha tithi 21 apraila 980 kI hai| zrI esa. zrIkaMTha zAstrI ke

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110 anekAnta 58/3-4 matAnusAra yaha tArIkha 10 mArca 907 kI hai| saca bAta to yaha hai abhI taka yaha viSaya anirNIta hI hai| bhagavAn bAhubalI kyoM pUjya hue isakA kAraNa spaSTa hI hai| isa avasarpiNI kAla meM sabase pahale kAmadeva to ye haiM hI, parantu mokSagAmI jIvoM meM bhI ye sabase pahale haiN| bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne yadyapi inase pahale dIkSA lI thI, parantu unase bhI pahale bhagavAn bAhubalI ne mokSa prApta kiyA, isI kAraNa mokSamArga ke praNetA ke rUpa meM ve sarvatra pUjya hue| ___ yaha mUrti bilakula digambara nagnAvasthA meM hai| caTTAna sIdhI khar3I hai aura uttaronamukha hai| zarIra kA bhArI bojha sa~bhAlane ke liye TAMgoM ke Age-pIche kI zilA ko bamIThoM ke rUpa meM chor3a diyA gayA hai| isake sivAya isa mUrti kA koI AdhAra nahIM hai| ina donoM ora ke bamIThoM se mAdhavI latA pahale TAMgoM se aura usake bAda sudIrgha bhujAoM se lipaTatI huI Upara taka calI gaI hai| aisI sundara vizAla mUrti usa samaya meM banAI gaI jabaki vaijJAnika sAdhanoM kA yahAM kisI ko patA taka na thA, isaliye una kArIgaroM ko kitanI kaThinAiyoM kA sAmanA karanA par3A hogA, usakI hama kalpanA bhI nahIM kara skte| sabhI aMga aise to nape-tule bane haiM ki koI bhI vizeSajJa isameM koI doSa nahIM nikAla sktaa| bamIThoM para caraNoM ke donoM ora marAThI, prAcIna kannar3a aura tamila lipi meM bar3e-bar3e zilAlekha haiM jinameM likhA hai: zrI cAvuNarAje karaviyale (zrI cAmuNDarAja ne banavAI) aura zrI gaMgarAje suttAle karaviyala (gaMgarAja ne parakoTA bnvaayaa)| marAThI bhASA ke itihAsa meM ye donoM vAkya gadya ke sabase prAcIna namUne mAne gaye haiN| ___ yaha mUrti hoyasala zilpakalA kI anya mUrtiyoM ke samAna na to AbhUSaNoM se ladI hai aura na mizra yA grIka devatAoM kI taraha Thasaka ke sAtha baiThI hI hai, phira bhI zobhA aura zAlInatA kI dRSTi se saMsAra kI sabhI mUrtiyoM se bar3hakara hai| khuda kArIgaroM ko bhI kalpanA na thI ki jisa

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anekanna 58/3-4 patthara ko ve tarAza rahe haiM, usameM se anta meM jAkara aisI sarvAgasundara mUrti nikala aayegii| isa mUrti kI U~cAI 57 phuTa hai| parantu pahale kI sabhI pustakoM meM yaha 70 phuTa yA 63 phuTa kI batAI hai| kaMdhoM kI vizAlatA to gaz2aba kI hai, mAno bAhubalI bhagavAna ke sAre zarIra kA bala ina bhujAoM meM hI ikaTThA ho gayA hai| sarvamAnya mAnyatA yahI hai ki isa mUrti ke kartA cAmuNDarAya hI haiN| ye narakezarI gaMgavaMzIya rAjA rAcamalla (catutha) ke pradhAna senApati tathA pradhAna maMtrI the| rAcamalla ne san 974 se 984 taka gaMgavAr3I meM rAjya kiyA thaa| nizcita rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha mUrti san 983 meM nirmANa kI gaI hogii| isake pAsa kA prakoSTa gaMgarAja ne san 1116 meM banavAyA thaa| yaha vizAla mUrti kisa prakAra yahA~ sthApita huI; isa sambaMdha meM zaMkA kI koI guMjAiza nahIM hai| yaha mUrti grenAiTa kI eka hI zilA kATakara banAI gaI hai isaliye pratyakSa rUpa se hI yaha nitAnta asaMbhava hai ki yaha kahIM dUsarI jagaha banAkara phira bAda meM vindhyagiri jaise cikane aura DhalavA~ pahAr3a para lAkara sIdhI khar3I kara dI gaI ho| pahAr3a para kI zilAoM kA abhyAsa karane se yaha bAta nizcita rUpa se mAlUma ho jAtI hai ki isI pahAr3a ke zikhara para pahale eka bRhadAkAra zilAkhaMDa thA aura usI ko kATakara yaha mUrti banAI gaI hai| ajaMtA, elipheMTA aura kannarI Adi sabhI maMdira pahAr3oM kI zilAoM ko kora karake banAye gaye haiN| unake mukAbale meM zikhara kI zilA ko kATakara mUrti nikAlanA to apekSAkRta AsAna hI kAma thaa| bhagavAn bAhubalI kI yaha mUrti itanI sundara aura sajIva hai ki yadi ise jaina-mUrtikalA kA pratIka kahA jAe to koI atyukti nhiiN| jaina-mUrtikalA aura usakA mUrti zilpa kalA-vaibhava itanA mahAna aura

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anekAnta 58/3-4 prAcIna hai ki pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ko muktakaNTha se yaha svIkAra karanA par3A hai ki bhArata kI saMskRti aura dharmo meM mUrtipUjA ke praNetA jaina haiM / 112 yahAM yaha kahanA asaMgata na hogA ki jaina dharma kI mUrtipUjA saMbaMdhI maulika bhAvanA anya sabhI dharmo se bilakula judI hai aura bahuta aMzoM meM to unase bilakula viparIta hI hai / jainoM kI mUrtipUjA carama tyAga, kSamA, dayA, AtmasaMyama, AtmaciMtana Adi bAtoM para avalambita hai jabaki dUsare dharmoM ke deva saMsArI mAyA-moha meM phaeNse rahane ke kAraNa sAMsArika vaibhavoM meM lipta aura anurakta dikhAI par3ate haiM / anya dharmavAloM ke deva taraha-taraha AbhUSaNoM se sajjita, vividha sAMsArika vAsanAoM ko pradIpta karanevAle hAva-bhAvoM aura lIlAoM meM saMlagna dikhAI par3ate haiN| bAhubalI kI mUrti kI sthApanA DaMkaNAcArya dvArA pratipAdita hoyasala - mUrtikalA ke pratIka zArIrika sauMdarya ko batAne ke liye yA mizra deza ke adhikAra, ahaMkAra, sAmrAjya Adi bhAvavyaMjaka devoM kI mahimA batAne ke liye yA jAtIya mada ko vyakta karane vAlI romana pUrva - puruSoM kI mahattA batAne ke liye nahIM huI paraMtu jaina dharma dvArA anumodita UMce svarUpAcaraNa kI ' vapuSA prarUpayantI' paribhASA kA darzana karAne ke liye kI gaI hai| maiMne IsAiyoM ko yahAM sajadA karate dekhA hai| pUchane para unhoMne batAyA ki unake dharma meM bhI tyAga aura AtmasaMyama kI bar3I tArIpha kI gaI hai / aura una tArIphoM ko isa mUrti meM aisI kuzalatA aura khUbI se utArA gayA hai ki hameM to yahI lagatA hai ki yaha mUrti sacamuca hI hamAre dharma ke tatvoM ko pratipAdita kara rahI hai / bhagavAn bAhubalI kI mUrti vizvavaMdya mUrti hai aura isIliye jaina badrI kA tIrtha bhI vizvatIrtha hai| san 1799 meM cauthe maisUra yuddha meM TIpU sulatAna ko harAkara Arthara veleslI (jo bAda meM grAMDa DyUka oNpha veliMgDana ke nAma se mazahUra huA aura jo san 1799 se 1805 taka bhArata kA gavarnara-janarala rahA thA ) bhI isa AzcaryakArI mUrti ke darzana karane ke liye yahA~ AyA thA aura ise

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anekAnta 58/3-4 113 dekhakara ghar3I bhara to daMga raha gayA thaa| usane bhI isakI kalA aura lokottara kArIgarI kI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA kI thii| bhagavAn bAhubalI ke AMgana ke cAroM tarapha eka antargRha (parakoTA) hai| isameM kisI jamAne meM (san 1817-18 meM to jarUra thA) bar3A andhakAra thA, dina meM bhI mUrtiyAM nahIM dikhatI thiiN| parantu dhanyavAda dIjiye samasta bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina tIrthakSetra kameTI-muMbaI ko aura usake sadgata mainejara zrI bAbUlAla jI jaina (ye sajjana TUMDalA ke pAsa sakhAvatapura gAMva ke nivAsI padmAvatIpuravAla jAti ke the) ko jinhoMne inameM jAliyA~ lagavA kara inheM prakAzita kara diyaa| bAmiyoM ke pIche jo patthara kI dIvAra lagA dI gaI hai vaha bhI ukta kameTI ne 4000 ru. kharca karake banavAI hai| karnATaka sarakAra ne bhagavAn ke mandira ko hI nahIM, sAre parvata ko hI bijalI kI rozanI se jagamagA diyA hai| Upara chata para hAsana nivAsI seTha esa. puTasAmaiyA zraoNpha ne sarcalAiTa lagavA dI hai| karnATaka mAtA mahAsatI attimabbe ___ bhagavAn gommaTezvara kI prANa pratiSThA ke samaya vizAla melA jo yahA~ lagA thA usameM deza dezAntara ke loga Ae the unameM eka thI karnATaka kI devI attimbbe| ve tailapa samrATa Ahavamalla ke pradhAna senApati subhaTa mallapa kI putrI thiiN| ve yauvanakAla me hI vidhavA ho gaI thiiN| eka varSa kA bAlaka hI unake jIvana kA AdhAra thaa| ajitasena mahArAja ke upadeza se jaina dharma ke pracAra prasAra karane meM unakI ruci huii| ve apane pati ke dvArA chor3I huI sampatti kA sadupayoga karate hue pratyeka vivAha ke avasara para navadampatti ko zAMtinAtha kA eka svarNavigraha aura eka zAstra upahAra ke rUpa meM detI thIM aura sAtha hI kama se kama paoNca zAstra likhavAne kI unheM preraNA bhI detI thiiN| unake kAraNa pandraha sau svarNa pArzvanAtha kI pratimAe~ ghara-ghara pahuMcI aura dhavalA, jaya dhavalA kI sau-sau pratiyA~ jinAlayoM meM sthApita huii|

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anekAnta 58/3-4 isake atirikta gA~va-gaoNva meM pAThazAlAe~, kue~, dharmazAlAe~ Adi kI yojanA karAtI thIM aura dIna duHkhiyoM kI sevA karatI thiiN| yahI kAraNa thA ki ve dAna cintAmaNi attimabbe kahalAyIM / unheM karnATaka mAtA bhI kahA jAtA thA / unake sparza mAtra se rogI bAlaka niroga ho jAte the| aise atizayoM ke kAraNa unheM bhaktaziromaNI, saMskRti mukuTamaNi kahakara Adara kiyA jAtA thA / unhoMne apane jIvanakAla meM jainadharma kA bahuta pracAra-prasAra kiyA / ('jaina badrI ke bAhubalI' se sAbhAra ) 114 tyAgAya zreya se vittamavittaH saMcinotiyaH / svazarIraM sa paGkena, snAsyAmIti vilimpati / / * iSTopadeza, 16 jo nirdhana manuSya dAna karane tathA apane sukha (hita) ke liye dhana ko ekatrita karatA hai vaha manuSya maiM snAna karU~gA isa vicAra se apane zarIra ko kIcaDa se lIpatA hai /

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kaTavapra : eka apratima samAdhi-sthala - prA. narendraprakAza jaina atizaya kSetra zravaNabelagola sthita cikkaveTTa kA prAcIna nAma kaTavapra (saMskRta) yA kalavappu (kannar3a) hai| 'kaTa' yA 'kala' zabda kA artha hai 'mRtyu' tathA 'vapra' yA 'vappu' parvata ko kahate haiN| isakA itihAsa 2300 varSa prAcIna hai| IsA pUrva tIsarI sadI meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kI paramparA ke antima zrutakevalI AcArya bhadrabAhu uttara se calakara yahA~ Ae the aura apanI alpAyu zeSa jAnakara unhoMne yahA~ kAya aura kaSAya ko kRza karate hue sallekhanA vidhi se dehotsarga kiyA thaa| samrAT candragupta bhI apanA vizAla sAmrAjya apane putra bimbasAra ko sauMpakara 48 varSa kI umra meM AcArya bhadrabAhu aura unake saMghastha do hajAra muniyoM kI sevA-paricaryA karate hue yahA~ Akara unake ziSya bana gae the| apane dIkSA-gurU ke mahAprayANa ke bAraha varSa bAda unhoMne bhI samAdhipUrvaka deha-tyAga kA Adarza prastuta kiyA thaa| bAda meM unakI smRti meM hI kaTavapra kA eka nAma 'candragiri' pracalita ho gyaa| IsA-pUrva tIsarI zatAbdI se IsA kI chaThavIM zatAbdI taka jaina zramaNoM (muniyoM) ke nirantara AvAgamana hote rahane se hI isa zrIkSetra kA 'zravaNabelagola' nAma prasiddha huaa| yahA~ jainoM kI bastI thI, isalie loga ise 'jaina badrI' bhI kahate haiN| candragiri para dhyAna karane vAle muni AhAra ke lie nIce bastI meM Ate the| yahA~ para upalabdha pA~ca sau se adhika zilAlekhoM se jaina dharma aura usake anuyAyiyoM kA gaurava prakaTa hotA hai| IsavI san 600 ke eka zilAlekha meM kahA gayA hai ki isI pavitra kaTavapra kI zItala zilAoM para AcArya bhadrabAhu aura muni candragupta kA anusaraNa karate hue sAta sau muni mahArAjoM ne tapazcaraNapUrvaka deha-tyAga kA mArga aMgIkAra kiyaa| prAcIna itivRtta aura purANoM meM kahA

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116 anekAnta 58/3-- gayA hai ki yaha kaTavapra jJAnodaya evaM AdhyAtmika sAdhanA ke lie Ane vAle dharmaniSTha santoM kA priya baserA thaa| samAdhi-maraNa kI yaha paramparA yahA~ bArahavIM sadI taka calatI rhii| usa samaya yaha parvata kolAhala-rahita eka zAnta sthAna thaa| bAda meM yAtriyoM kA AvAgamana bar3ha jAne para yaha krama TUTa sA gyaa| yahA~ ke zilAlekhoM se jJAta hotA hai ki AcArya kundakunda, umAsvAmI, samantabhadra, zivakoTi, pUjyapAda, gollAcArya, prabhAcandra, vAdirAja Adi kI caraga-raja se yaha sthAna pavitra hotA rahA hai| AcArya bhadrabAhu aura muni candragupta ke dehAvasAna ke bAda bhI jina mahAnAtmAoM ne yahA~ se samAdhi prApta kI, unameM AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta-cakravartI, AcArya dharmaniSTha, maoN kAlaladevI, mahArAjA viSNuvardhana ke pratApI mahAdaNDanAyaka gaMgarAja, unakI mA~ pocabbe, karnATaka-mAtA nAma se prasiddha dAnazIlA attimabbe, jaina dharma kI prabhAvaka mahilA-ratna mahArAnI zAntalA kI mA~ mAcikabbe, tIna rAjavaMzoM gaMga, rASTrakUTa evaM vijaya nagara ke rAjA kramazaH mArasiMha, indra aura devarAja Adi ke nAma ullekhya haiN| tapazcaraNa aura samAdhi se pavitra isa parvata ko tIrthagiri aura RSigiri ke nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| candragiri para drAvir3a vAstu-zailI se nirmita caudaha kalApUrNa maMdira haiM, jo eka parakoTe meM bane hue haiN| yaha koTA yA parakoTA 'suttAlaya' kahalAtA hai| yahA~ taka 225 kama U~cAI vAlI sIr3hiyoM se AsAnI se pahu~cA jA sakatA hai| yahA~ kA sabase purAnA mandira candragupta basadi hai| yaha mandira dakSiNAbhimukhI hai| isa maMdira ke eka jalAndhra meM 60 citra-phalaka haiM, jinameM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu aura samrATa candragupta ke jIvana ke dRzya ukere gae haiN| yaha citraphalaka kArIgarI kA eka utkRSTa namUnA hai| yahA~ ke sabhI mandiroM meM virAjamAna tIrthakara pratimAoM meM gajaba kA AkarSaNa hai| yakSa-yakSiNiyoM kI mUrtiyoM kI sUkSma paccIkArI ko dekhakara kalAkAroM kI chainI kA lohA mAnanA par3atA hai| sabhI mandiroM ko tIna

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anekAnta 58/3-4 117 bhAgoM garbhagRha, navaraMga aura dvAra maNDapa ke rUpa meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| maMdira parisara meM aneka zilAlekha bhI saMrakSita haiN| candragiri para dhyAna karane yogya aneka zilAyeM aura kandarAyeM haiN| jisa kandarA meM bhadrabAhu ne zarIra kA tyAga kiyA aura jisameM muni candragupta ne bhI bAraha varSoM taka utkaTa Atma sAdhanA kI, vaha 'bhadrabAhu guphA' kahalAtI hai| isameM una mahAn AcAryazrI ke caraNa sthApita haiN| guphA ko caTTAna kI eka kudaratI chata ne kamare kA rUpa de diyA hai| bhaktoM kI mAnyatA hai ki ina caraNoM kI bhAvapUrvaka pUjA karane se manokAmanAeM pUrNa hotI haiN| candragiri prAkRtika saundarya kA divya dhAma hai| loga to kazmIra ko dharatI kA svarga kahate haiM, kintu bhavyajIvoM kA svarga to yaha candragiri hai| isa kalikAla meM dharmArAdhana aura tapa-tyAga ke dvArA svarga ke rAste mukti kI ora gamana karane ke lie candragiri eka uttama sthAna hai| yahA~ kI suramya caTTAnoM meM adbhuta cumbakIya AkarSaNa hai| yAtrI kA yahA~ vAra-bAra Ane kA mana hotA hai| - 104, naI bastI phIrojAbAda (u.pra.) aMbara-loha-mahINaM kamaso jhml-klNk-pNkaannN| sojjhAvaNayaNa-sose sAheti jalADaNalA iccA / / - dhyAnazataka, 97 jisa prakAra jala vastragata maila ko dhokara use svaccha kara detA hai usI prakAra dhyAna jIva se karmarUpa maila ko dhokara use zuddha kara dene vAlA hai|

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118 anekAnta 58/3-4 zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu aura unakA samAdhimaraNa -DaoN. zreyAMsa kumAra jaina bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke bAda tIna arhat kevalI gautama, sudharma aura jambUsvAmI ne saMgha kA netRtva kiyaa| anantara dvAdazAMga zruta ke jJAtA viSNu, nandimitra aparAjita govarddhana aura bhadrabAhu pAMca zrutakevalI hue|' govarddhanAcArya ke sAkSAt ziSya prabhAvazAlI tejomaya vyaktitva sampanna zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu apratima pratibhAvAn the aura inakA vyaktitva sUrya ke samAna tejasvI thaa| bhadrabAhu adhyAtma ke sabala pratinidhi zrutadhArA ko avirala aura akhaNDita rUpa meM zrutadhara govarddhanAcArya se grahaNa kara use surakSita rakhane vAle antima zrutakevalI the, jinheM maharSi kundakunda ne apane gamaka gurU ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai|' zrutadhara bhadrabAhu digambara zvetAmbara donoM paramparAoM meM sammAnAspada ko prApta hue haiN| zvetAmbara inheM yazobhadra kA ziSya svIkAra karate haiN|' bRhatkathAkoSakAra ne bhadrabAhu kA janma pauNDravarddhana rAjya ke koTikapura (koTapura) grAma meM batAyA hai aura rAjya purohita somazarmA-somazrI ke putra kahA hai| eka bAra golI ke Upara golI car3hAte hue unhoMne caudaha goliyAM eka dUsare ke Upara car3hA dI, yaha khela govarddhanAcArya ne dekhA aura apane nimitta jJAna se jAnA ki yaha caudaha pUrva ke jJAtA hoMge tabhI unake pitA se bAlaka bhadrabAhu ko apane sAtha le jAne kI anumati lI aura sAtha rakha kara Agama kA abhyAsa karA diyaa| dIkSA grahaNa kara vaha zrutadhara ho gye| zvetAmbara sampradAya ke 'titthogAliya painnA' AvazyakacUrNi, niyukti Adi granthoM meM zrutadhara bhadrabAhu ke kucha jIvana prasaMga haiM, kintu unake mAtA-pitA Adi gRhastha jIvana se sambandhita sAmagrI nahIM hai| nandIsUtra meM inheM 'prAcIna' gotrIya kahA hai| daza zrutaskandhaniyukti meM bhI prAcIna gotrI kahakara vandana kiyA hai|' titthogAliya painnA meM inake zreSTha zarIra

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anekAnta 58/3-4 119 racanA ke viSaya meM likhA hai sattamattothirabAhu jANuyasIsasupaDicchiya subaaho| nAmeNa bhaddabAho abihI sAdhamma saddotti / / 4 / / soviyacoddasa pucI vArasa vAsAi jogpddivbho| suttatyeNaM nibaMdhai atyaM ajjhayaNabaMdhassa / / 715 / / yoga sAdhaka zrutadhara AcArya bhadrabAhu mahAsatva sampanna the, unakI bhujAeM pralambamAna sundara sudRr3ha aura susthira thiiN| ye sAmarthya sampanna, anubhava sampanna, zruta sampanna anupama vyaktitva the| kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI meM inake sthavira gaudAsa, sthavira agnidatta, sthavira bhattadatta, sthavira somadatta, ina cAra ziSyoM kA ullekha hai| zvetAmbara paramparA AcArya bhadrabAhu ko zrutadhara aura Agama ke racanAkAra ke rUpa meM prastuta karatI hai| unhoMne chedasUtroM kI racanA kI hai| Agama sAhitya meM chedasatroM kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| daza zrutaskandha, vRhatkalpa vyavahAra, nizItha, ina cAra chedasUtroM kI racanA AcArya bhadrabAhu ke dvArA kI gaI hai| ___ digambara sAhitya meM AcArya bhadrabAhu kA vyaktitva bahuta mahattvapUrNa DhaMga se prastuta kiyA gayA hai| candragiri ke zilAlekha meM unake viSaya meM likhA hai ki jisame samasta zIlarUpI ratnasamUha bhare hue haiM aura jo zuddhi se prakhyAta hai, usa vaMza rUpI samudra meM candramA ke samAna zrI bhadrabAhu svAmI hue| samasta buddhizAliyoM meM zrI bhadrabAhu svAmI agresara the| zuddha siddha zAsana aura sundara prabandha se zobhA sahita bar3hI huI hai vrata kI siddhi jinakI tathA karmanAzaka tapasyA se bharI huI hai kIrti aise RddhidhAraka zrI bhadrabAhu svAmI the| inakI mahimA kA jJAna zilAlekha meM isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai vanyaH kathannu mahimA bhaNa bhadrabAhommoho-malla-madamardana vRttbaahoH| yacchiSyatAptasukRtena sa candraguptaHzzuzruSyatesma suciraM vn-devtaabhiH|| jai.zi.saM.bhA.1/pR. 101

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anekAnta 58/3-4 bhalA kaho to sahI ki moharUpI mahAmalla ke mada ko cUrNa karane vAle zrI bhadrabAhu svAmI kI mahimA kauna kaha sakatA hai? jinake ziSyatva ke puNyaprabhAva se vanadevatAoM ne candragupta kI bahuta dinoM taka sevA kI / 120 zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke vividha jIvana prasaMgoM se unakA mAhAtmya spaSTa hai / digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM paramparAeM unako ati mahattvapUrNa DhaMga se prastuta karatI haiM phira bhI unake ziSya candragupta maurya ke sambandha meM mataikya nahIM hai| zrutadhara bhadrabAhu aura nimittadhara bhadrabAhu ke pArthakya kA bhI ullekha milatA hai / digambara paramparA ke hariSeNa kRta bRhatkathAkoSa evaM ratnanandI kRta 'bhadrabAhucarita' ke ullekhAnusAra zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu avanti deza pahu~ce / " vahA~ ke zAsaka zrI candragupta ne apane dvArA dekhe gaye 16 svapna bhadrabAhu svAmI ko sunaaye| unhoMne unakA phala aniSTasUcaka batAyA, jisase samrATa ko vairAgya ho gayA / usane zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu se zramaNa dIkSA aMgIkAra kara lii| dIkSA lene vAle antima samrATa candragupta the / " govarddhanAcArya ke bAda 29 varSa jinazAsana kI prabhAvanA kAla zrI bhadrabAhu kA rahA hai / zvetAmbara paramparA zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu kA ziSya candragupta ko nahIM mAnatI hai| AvazyakacUrNi meM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu kI nepAla yAtrA kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / 12 zvetAmbarIya sAhitya titthogAliya painnA, Avazyaka niyukti, pariziSTa parva Adi granthoM meM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke jIvana prasaMga upalabdha haiM, kintu unake ziSya candragupta kA ullekha nahIM hai aura na dakSiNa yAtrA kA hI ullekha hai| hA~, aisA ullekha avazya hai ki bhadrabAhu vizAla zramaNa saMgha ke sAtha duSkAla meM baMgAla meM rahe jaisA ki zvetAmbara paramparA ke grantha pariziSTa parva meM likhA hai itazca tasmin duSkAle karAle kAla rAtrivat / nirvAhArthaM sAdhusaMghastIra nIra nidheryayau / / arthAt jIvana nirvAhArtha sAdhusaMgha samudrI kinAroM para duSkarala kI ghar3iyoM

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anekAnta 58/3-4 121 meM viharaNa kara rahA thaa| yahI abhimata AcArya hemacandra sUri kA hai| digambarIya sAhitya meM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke sAtha unake ziSya candragupta kA ullekha' to hI hai sAtha meM uttara meM duSkAla par3ane ke kAraNa dakSiNa meM vihAra kA prasaMga to bahuta vistAra se pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| zrI bhadrabAhu ne kathAnaka meM prasaMga hai ki eka dina AcArya zrI bhadrabAhu ne gocarI ke lie nagara meM jinadAsa zreSThI ke ghara meM praveza kie to vahA~ pAlane meM leTe hue bAlaka ne dekhakara kahA, 'jAo jAo' taba bhadrabAhu ne usase pUchA kitane samaya ke lie? usa avodha bAlaka ne dvAdaza varSa ke lie jAo, aisA khaa| AcArya binA AhAra grahaNa kie udyAna meM lauTe vahA~ samasta saMgha ko bulAkara batAyA ki yahA~ mAlava (avanti ujjayinI) deza meM 12 varSa kA duSkAla pdd'egaa| samasta saMgha dakSiNa kI vihAra karane kI taiyArI meM juTa gyaa| anantara 12000 sAdhuoM ke sAtha dakSiNa kI ora jaba bhadrabAhu Age bar3he taba aneka zreSThiyoM ne rokane kA prayatna kiyA, kintu ve vahA~ nahIM ruke| saMgha ke sAtha zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu dhana, jana, dhAnya, suvarNa, gAya, bhaiMsa Adi padArtho se bhare hue aneka nagaroM meM hote hue pRthivI tala ke AbhUSaNa rUpa isa zravaNa belagola ke candragiri (kaTavapra) nAmaka parvata para phuNce| isI parvata para unheM nimitta jJAna se jJAta ho gayA ki merI Ayu alpa hai, aisA samajhakara unhone samAdhiraNa karane kA vicAra bnaayaa| bhagavAn jinendra kI dezanA ke AdhAra para AcArya likhate haiM mandAkSatve'tivRddhatve copasarge vratakSaye, durbhikSe tIvraroge cAsAdhye kaayblaatyte| dharmadhyAnatanUtsarga hIyamAnAdike sati, saMnyAsavidhinA dakSairmRtyuH sAdhyaH zivAptaye / / indriyoM kI zakti manda ho jAne para ativRddhapanA evaM upasarga A jAne para zarIrika balakSINa hone para tathA dharmadhyAna aura kAyotsarga karane kI zakti hIna ho jAne para sallekhanA avazya grahaNa karanA caahie|

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anekAnta 58/3-4 sallekhanA aura samAdhimaraNa ye donoM paryAyavAyI zabda haiN| AcArya samantabhadra ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra meM sallekhanA kA lakSaNa likhate haiM 122 upasarge durbhikSe jarasi rUjAyAM ca niHpratikAre / dharmAya tanuvimocanamAhuH sallekhanAmAryAH / / 122 / / ratna. zrA. arthAt niSpratIkAra upasarga, durbhikSa, bur3hApA aura roga ke upasthita hone para dharma kI rakSA ke lie, zarIra ke parityAga kA nAma sallekhanA hai / sallekhanA turanta bAda samAdhimaraNa grahaNa karane kI preraNA dI hai / antaH kriyAdhikaraNaM tapaH phalaM sakaladarzinaH stuvate / tasmAdyAvadvibhavaM samAdhimaraNe prayatitavyam / / 128 / / ratna. zrA. jIvana ke anta samaya meM samAdhirUpa kriyA kA Azraya lenA hI jIvana bhara kI tapasyA kA phala hai| aisA sarvadarzI bhagavantoM ne kahA hai / AcArya zivakoTi ne sallekhanA aura samAdhimaraNa bheda nahIM rahane diyaa| AcArya umAsvAmI ne bhI sallekhanA aura samAdhimaraNa ko eka hI artha meM prayukta kiyA hai / samAdhimaraNa vrata-tapa kA phala hai, jaisA ki kahA bhI hai taptasya tapasazcApi pAlitasya vratasya ca / paThitasya zrutasyApi phalaM mRtyuH samAdhinA / / mRtyu mahotsava arthAt tape hue tapa, pAlana kie hue vrata, par3he hue zAstroM kA phala samAdhimaraNa meM hai binA samAdhimaraNa ke ye saba vyartha hai / isalie jaba taka zakti rahe, taba taka samAdhimaraNa meM prayatna karanA cAhie / AcArya zivakoTi ne samAdhimaraNa ke kartA kI stuti karate hue kahA hai ki jinhoMne bhagavatI ArAdhanA ko pUrNa kiyA, ve puNyazAlI aura jJAnI haiM aura unheM jo prApta karane yogya thA, use prApta kara liyA /

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anekAnta 58/3-4 123 sallekhaka/kSapaka eka tIrtha hai, kyoMki saMsAra se pAra utArane meM nimitta hai| usameM snAna karane se pApa karmarUpI mala dUra hotA hai| ataH jo darzaka samasta Adara bhakti ke sAtha usa mahAtIrtha meM snAna karate haiM, ve bhI kRtakRtya hote haiM tathA ve saubhAgyazAlI haiN| paNDita AzAdhara jI ne kahA hai- "jisa mahAsAdhaka ne saMsAra paramparA ko sampUrNa rUpa se unmUlana karane vAle samAdhimaraNa ko dhAraNa kiyA hai, usane dharmarUpI mahAn nidhi ko para-bhava meM jAne ke lie sAtha le liyA hai| isa jIva ne ananta bAra maraNa prApta kiyA, kintu samAdhi sahita puNya maraNa nahI huaa| yadi samAdhi sahita puNya-maraNa hotA, to yaha AtmA saMsAra rUpI piMjar3e meM kabhI bhI banda hokara nahIM rhtaa| bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM hI kahA gayA hai ki jo jIva eka paryAya meM bhI samAdhipUrvaka maraNa karatA hai, vaha sAta-ATha paryAya se adhika saMsAra paribhramaNa nahIM karatA hai| kahA hai- jo mahAn phala bar3e bar3e vratI saMyamI Adi ko kAya-kleza Adi utkRSTa tapa tathA ahiMsA Adi mahAvratoM ko dhAraNa karane se prApta nahIM hotA, vaha phala anta samaya meM samAdhipUrvaka zarIra tyAgane se prApta hotA hai| ukta bhAvoM ko dhAraNa kara hI zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu svAmI ne sallekhanA/samAdhi grahaNa kI thii| . bRhatkathAkoSa meM batAyA gayA hai ki bhadrabAhu kI samAdhi avanti (ujjayinI) meM hI huI thI yathA prApya bhAdrapadaM dezaM zrImadujjayinIbhavam / cakArA'nazanaM dhIraH sa dinAni bahUnyalam / / samAdhimaraNaM prApya bhadrabAhurdivaM yyau| (hariSeNakRta vRhatkathAkoSa) arthAt bhadrabAhu avanti ke bhadrapAda nAmaka sthAna meM virAje, vahIM unakA anazana kI avasthA meM samAdhimaraNa ho gyaa| ratnanandI ne bhI yahI likhA hai ki bhadrabAhu dakSiNa kI ora bar3he kintu

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124 anekAnta 58/3-4 thor3e hI dUra jAkara prAkRtika saMketoM ke AdhAra para unheM apanA antima samaya sannikaTa pratIta huaa| unhoMne vahIM ruka kara samAdhi grahaNa kara lii| zvetAmbara paramparA ke anusAra nepAla meM bhadrabAhu kI samAdhi mAnI jAtI hai| vahA~ likhA hai ki jaina zAsana ko dvitIya zatAbdI madhyakAla meM duSkAla ke bhayaMkara vAtyAcakra se jUjhanA pdd'aa| ucita zikSA ke abhAva meM aneka zruta sampanna muni kAla-kavalita ho gye| bhadrabAhu ke atirikta koI bhI muni caudaha pUrva kA jJAtA nahI bacA thaa| ve usa samaya nepAla kI pahAr3iyoM meM mahAprayANa dhyAna kI sAdhanA kara rahe the| sagha ko isase gambhIra cintA huii| Agamanidhi kI surakSA ke lie zramaNa saghATaka nepAla phuNcaa| vahA~ saMgha ne nivedana kiyA ki Apa munijanoM ko dRSTivAda kI jJAnarAzi se lAbhAnvita kreN| rAmacandra mumukSu racita puNyAsava kathAkoSa ke antargata bhadrabAhucarita meM varNita hai ki dakSiNa kI eka guphA meM AkAzavANI se apanI alpAya sunakara bhadrabAhu ne vizAkhAcArya ko sasaMgha coladeza bheja diyA aura svayaM apane ziSya candragupta ke sAtha vahIM ruka gaye aura vahI kI guphA meM Atmastha hokara rahane lge| mahAkavi raidhU ne likhA hai ki jaba bhadrabAha madhyarAtri ko dhyAna meM sthita the tabhI vANI utpanna huI ki tumhArI niSiddhikA (samAdhibhUmi) yahA~ hI hogii|23 isa AkAzavANI ko sunakara zrI bhadrabAha svAmI ne jAna liyA ki- samAdhimaraNa/sallekhanA dhAraNa karane kA samaya hai| sAdhaka kI dIrghakAlIna sAdhanA kA phala samAdhimaraNa hai| dIrghakAla se vratAcaraNa karate hue bhavya jIva kI saphalatA samAdhimaraNa se hotI hai| ___ jaba jAnA ki "apane pavitra munipada kI Ayu aba thor3I hI raha gayI hai" taba unhoMne zrI vizAkhAcArya ke netRtva saMgha ko Age bheja kara usI parvata para samAdhi grahaNa kara lii| unakI sevA heta candragapta vahIM ruka gye| bhadrabAhu ne zarIra azaktatA ke kAraNa caturvidha prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga

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anakAnta 58/3-4 125 kara samAdhi grahaNa kara lii| guru AjJApUrvaka candragupta (prabhAcandra) ne kAntAra caryA kii| zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ne cetana kA dhyAna karate hue dharmadhyAna pUrvaka prANa tyAga kiye aura svarga sidhaare| kucha kathAkAroM dvArA likhA gayA hai ki duSkAla magadha meM par3A aura vahA~ ke rAjA candragupta ko dIkSA dekara aura apane sAtha lekara dakSiNa deza ko gye| svayaM to muni candragupta ke sAtha eka guhATavI meM ruka gaye aura vizAkhAcArya ke netRtva meM saMgha, cola, tamila, punnATa deza kI ora bheja diyaa| ukta kathAnakoM evaM zilAlekhoM ke AdhAra para zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke bhAdrapada deza, dakSiNATavI, zuklasara yA zuklatIrtha Adi samAdhi sthala ke nAma prApta hote haiM, kintu zilAlekhIya pramANa yathArtha mAlUma hote haiN| ataH vicAra karane para ukta nAma zravaNabelagola ke hI pratIta hote haiN| zabda bheda hone para bhI arthabheda nahIM honA cAhie, aisA lagatA hai| ___ samAdhimaraNa jIvana kI antima belA meM kI jAne vAlI eka utkRSTa sAdhanA hai| isI uddezya se zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ne zarIra kI kSINatA aura apanI alpAyu nimitta jJAna se jAnakara samAdhi grahaNa kI thii| pratyeka sAdhaka vrata dhAraNa kA phala-samAdhimaraNa yaha bhalI-bhAMti jAnatA hai| isalie samAdhimaraNa kI pavitra bhAvanA/yAcanA karatA hai- dukkhakkhao kammakkhao bohilAho, sugaigamaNaM samAhimaraNaM ... / arthAt duHkhoM kA kSaya ho, karmo kA kSaya ho, bodhilAbha ho, sugati meM gamana ho, samAdhimaraNa ho! sAdhaka ko mRtyu kA bhaya nahIM rahatA, vaha to prasannatA pUrvaka jJAna vairAgya bhAvanA tatpara hokara mRtyu ko mahotsava mAnatA hai| sAdhaka samAdhi ke lie arihanta siddha kI pratimAoM se yukta parvata Adi yogya sthAna kA cayana karate haiN| isIlie zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ne sarvadRSTi se ucita candragiri (kaTavapra) ko samAdhi ke lie cunaa| bhadrabAhu aura candragupta kI tapasyA aura sallekhanA vidhi ke dvArA isa choTI pahAr3I (cikkaveTTa) para zarIra tyAga se yaha sthala tIrtha bana gyaa| zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu aura samrATa candragupta kA anukaraNa karate hue samAdhimaraNa ke lie pavitra sthAna ke

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126 anekAnta 58/3-4 rUpa meM yaha candragiri pahAr3I itanI prasiddha huI ki yahA~ ke sabase prAcIna 600 I. ke zilAlekha meM ise kaTavapra yA kalpavappu (samAdhizikhara) tIrthagiri evaM RSigiri kahA gayA hai| sallekhanA pUrvaka zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ne vI.ni. 155 meM candragiri para samAdhimaraNa ko prApta kara apane ko kRtkRtya kiyaa| sallekhanA uccatama AdhyAtmika dazA kA sUcaka hai| mRtyu kA Akasmika varaNa nahIM hai aura na vaha mauta kA AhvAna hai| varana jIvana ke antima kSaNoM meM sAvadhAnI pUrvaka calanA hai| ___ ise jIvana kI antima sAdhanA kahA jA sakatA hai| vAstava meM jIvana rUpI mandira kA bhavya kalaza hai| isI cintana pUrvaka zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ne samAdhimaraNa dhAraNa kara karmabhAra ko halkA kiyaa| apane sAdhaka jIvana ke rahasya ko pahacAnA aura sAdhanA ko saphala kara svargastha hue| rIDara-saMskRta vibhAga, di. jaina kaoNleja, bar3auta sandarbhaH 1. suyakevalaNANI paca jaNA viNhu nandimitto y| aparAjiya govaddhaNa taha bhaddabAhu ya sajAdA / / nandIsaMgha valAtkAragaNa sa.ga prA pA. 2. jo hi sudeNAbhigacchadi appANamiNaM tu kevalaM suddh| taM sudakevalimisiNo bhaNati logppdiivyraa|| jo sudaNANaM savvaM jANadi sudakevaliM tamAhu jinnaa| NANaM appA savvaM jamhA sudakevalI tmhaa|| 9 10 / / samayasAra 3. yo bhadrabAhuH munipugava pttttpdm| sUryaH sa vo dizatu nirmalasaghavRddhibha / / jainasiddhAntabhAskara bhAga / kiraNa 4 pR. 51 4. vArasa agaviyANaM caudasa puvvaMgaviula vitthrnnN| suyaNANi bhaddabAhU gamayaguru bhayavao jyo|| 62 / / saddaviyAro huo bhAsAsuttesu jaM jiNe khiy| so taha kahiyaM NAyaM sIseNaM ya bhaddabAhussa / / 61 / / bodhapAhur3a

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anekAnta 58/3-4 127 5. bhadrabAhu ne vairAgyapUrvaka zrutadhara AcArya yazobhadra ke pAsa vI.ni. 139 (vi.pU. 331) me munidIkSA grahaNa kii| gurU ke pAsa 17 varSa taka rahakara unhoMne Agamo kA gambhIra adhyayana kiyaa| 6. bhadrabAhuM ca pAINaM (nandI sthavirAvalI) 7. vaMdAmi bhaddavAhuM pAINa carima sathala suyanANiM 8 therarasaNaM ajjabhaddabAhussa pAIta saguttassa ime cattAri atevAsI ahAvaccA abhinnAyA hutthA te jahA there godAse there agidatte there bhavadatte 4 there somdtte| 9 zilAlekha saMgraha bhA. 1 10. candrAvadAtasatkIrtizcandravanmodakartR (kRnna) nnaam| ___candragupti pastatrA'cakaccAru guNodayaH / / 6 / / bhadravAhacarita pari. / / mauDadharesu cariyo jiNadikkha dharadicaddagutto y| tatto mauDadharAduppavaja va gehati / / tilo pa. 4/1481 12. 'neNala' vattiNIe ya bhaddavAsAbhI acchati coddassa pubbii| AzyakacUrNi bhAga-2 patrAka 187 13. zrIbhadrassarvato yo hi bhadrabAhuriti shrut.| zrutakevalinAtheSu carama paramo muni / / zrI candraprakAzojjvalasAndrakIrti , zrI candragupto'jani tasya ziSya. / yasya prabhAvAdvanadevatAbhigarAdhita svasya gaNo munInAm / / zilAlekha na.3 jai zi.saM bhA.1 14 bRhatkathAkoSa (bhadrabAhu kathA) 15 athakhanu ..... guruparamparANAmabhyAgatamahApuruSasantatisamayadyotAnvaya zrI bhadrabAhu svAminA ujjayinyA apTAMgamahAnimitta tattvajJena traikAlyadarzinA nimittena dvAdazasamvatsarakAlavaiSamyamupalabhyakathite sarvasaMgha uttarapathAt dakSiNApathaM prasthitaH ....... kaTavapranAmakopalakSite ......... zikhariNijIvitizeSam alpatarakAla avudhyAdhvanaH sucakita tapa samAdhimArAdhayitumApRcchaya niravazeSasaMghaM visRjya ziSyeNaikena pRthulakAstIrNatalAsu zilAsu zItalAsu svadeha sannayasyAgadhitavAn / udadhRta zvetAmbaramata samIkSAna pR. 161 16. bhagavatI ArAdhanA 1996 va 1992

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anekAnta 58/3-4 128 17. sAgAradharmAmRta 7/58 aura 8/27-28 18. bhagavatI ArAdhanA 19. zAntisopAna 81 20. athA'sau viharansvAmI bhadrabAhuH zanaiH zanaiH / prApanmahATavIM tatra zuzrava gaganadhvanim / / zrutvA ... AyuralipaSThamAtmIyamajJAsId bodhalocanaH / / tRtIya pari. bhadrabAhucaritta 21. AvazyakacUrNiH bhAga 2 patrAMka 187 22. puNyAsava kathAkoSa (jIvarAjagranthamAlAsolapura) pR. 365 23. tummahaeNNisahI itthujiho saI gayaNasaTuerisu tahughosai / / (bhadrabAhu cANakya candragupta kathA) 24. bhaddabAhu ceyaNi jhAeppiNu dhammajjhANaM NANa ceppinnu|| bhadrabAhu cA. candra. kathA raidhU (286) 25. bhadrabAhu carita prastAvanA pR. 11 (sampa. DaoN. rAjA rAma jaina) 26. saMsArAsaktacittAnA mRtyubhItaiH bhvennRnnaam| modAyate punaH so'pi jJAnavairAgyavAsinAm / / mRtyu mahotsava / 27. arihatasiddhasAyara paumasaraM khIrapuppha phAlabharidaM / ujjApa bhavaNa pAsAdaM NAga jkkhdhr|| 560 muulaaraadhnaa|

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vIravara cAmuNDarAya -DaoN. zreyAMsa kumAra jaina bhArata vasundharA para aneka samrATa aura maMtrI hue haiM, jo kuzala prazAsaka ke sAtha mahAn sAhityakAra the, unhIM meM vIramArtaNDa zrI cAmuNDarAya vizruta haiN| brahmakSatriyavaMzotpanna' cAmuNDa ke pitA gaMgavaMza ke rAjyAdhikArI the aura mAtA zrImatI kAlikA devI dhArmika mahilA thiiN| mAtA-pitA se dhArmika saMskAra prApta cAmuNDa ne zrI ajitasena gurU se zikSA-dIkSA grahaNa kI aura kannar3a tathA saMskRta bhASA pAraMgata hue| digambara jaina sAdhu se zikSA prApta hone se Apane jaina dharma siddhAnta kA vizeSa jJAna prApta kara liyA thaa| siddhAntacakravartI zrI nemicandrAcArya se bhI zikSA grahaNa kara saMskRta meM grantha racanA adhikAra ko prApta ho gaye the| bAhubalicaritra meM likhA hai ki drAvir3adeza meM eka mathurA nAmaka nagarI thI, jo vartamAna meM maDUrA (madurai) nAma se prasiddha hai, vahA~ dezIyagaNa ke svAmI zrI siMhanandI AcArya ke caraNakamala sevaka gaMgavaMza tilaka zrI rAcamalla rAjA hue| inake mukhya maMtrI zrI cAmuNDa the, jaisA ki likhA tasyAmAtyazikhAmaNiH sakalavitsamyaktvacUr3AmaNibhavyAmbhojaviyanmaNiH sujnvnditaatcuudd'aamnniH| brahmakSatriyavaizyazaktisumaNiH kItyaudhamuktAmaNiH paadnystmhiishmstkmnnishcaamunnddbhuupo'grnniiH|| bAhu.carita-11 isa kathana ke anusAra zrI cAmuNDa bhUpa mahAmaMtrI hue, vaha eka dina rAcamalla kI sabhA meM virAjamAna the, usa samaya kisI seTha ne Akara praNAma karake kahA ki mahArAja! uttara dizA meM podanapura nagara hai, vahA~ para bharata cakravartI dvArA sthApita kAyotsarga mudrA meM zrI bAhubalI kA bimba hai, jo

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130 anekAnta 58/3-4 vartamAna meM gommaTa isa navIna nAma se bhUSita hai| ityAdi vRtAnta ko sunakara rAjA rAcamalla aura cAmuNDa maMtrI donoM atyanta harSita hue| cAmuNDa ne usa bimba ko vahIM se bhAva namaskAra kiyaa| anantara ghara jAkara apanI mAtA ko btaayaa| mAtA ne usa bimba ke darzana kI icchA vyakta kii| zrI cAmuNDa ne dezIyagaNa meM pradhAna zrI ajitasena muni ko namaskAra karake bAhubalI svAmI ke bimba ke samAcAra kahe aura unake samakSa isa prakAra kI pratijJA dhAraNa kI ki "maiM jaba taka zrI bAhubalI kI pratimA kA darzana nahIM karU~gA, taba taka dUdha nahIM piiuuNgaa|" anantara samrATa ke sAmane apanI yAtrA kA uddezya nivedita kiyaa| samrATa se AjJA lekara siddhAntAmbhodhicandra, siddhAntAmRtasAgara Adi guNoM ke dhAraka zrI nemicandra svAmI AcArya evaM aneka vidvAnoM ke samAgama yukta caturaMga senA sahita apanI mAtA ko bhI sAtha lekara gommaTa svAmI zrI bAhubalI ke bimba darzana ke lie uttara dizA kI ora zrI cAmuNDa ne prayANa kiyaa| gamana karate hue vindhyAcala parvata para pahu~ca kara jinamandira ke darzana kie, vahIM usI mandira ke maNDapa meM so ge| rAtri meM kUSmANDinI devI ne AcArya zrI nemicandra, cAmuNDa aura cAmuNDa kI mAtA ko svapna meM kahA, "pAdenapura jAne kA mArga kaThina hai| isa parvata meM rAvaNa dvArA sthApita zrI bAhubalI kA pratibimba hai, vaha dhanuSa para suvarNa ke bANa car3hAkara parvata ko bhedane para prakaTa hogA" prAtaH kAla zrI cAmuNDa ne zrI nemicandra svAmI ko svapna kA vRtAnta sunaayaa| unhoMne svapna ke anukUla pravRtti karane ko kahA! tadanusAra zrI cAmuNDa ne snAna kara AbhUSaNoM se bhUSita hokara muni ke samakSa dakSiNa dizA meM khar3e hokara dhanuSa dvArA suvarNa kA bANa calAyA, jisase parvata meM chidra hokara vahA~ paradvipa ca tAla samalakSaNa pUrvagAtro viMzaccharAsana smonntbhaasmuurtiH| sanmAdhavIvratatinAgalasatsukAyaH sadyaH prasanna iti bAhubalI bbhuuv|| __ -bAhu.ca. 48 arthAt "dazatAla sama" lakSaNoM se pUrNa zarIra kI dhAraka aura bIsa dhanuSa parimANa U~cI zrI bAhubalI kI pratimA prakaTa huii|

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anekAnta 58/3-4 131 zrI cAmuNDa ne bhaktipUrvaka darzana kiye aura abhiSeka kara apane Apako dhanya kiyaa| vahA~ se dakSiNa meM pahu~cakara zravaNabelgula nagara meM zrI gommaTa svAmI kI pratiSThA kI ora 96 hajAra dInAra ko nava gommaTa mahotsava ke nimitta dekara gRhanagara kI ora prasthAna kiyA jaisA ki kahA bhI hai bhAsvaddezIgaNAgresarasurucisiddhAntavinnemicandrazrIpAdAne sadA SaNNavatidazazata drvybhuugraamvryaan| datvA zrI gomaTezotsavanimittArcanavibhavAya, zrIcAmuNDarAjo nijapuramathurAM sajagAma kssitiishH|| bAhu ca. 61 arthAt zrI cAmuNDa ne zrI nemicandra svAmI ke caritroM kI sAkSI pUrvaka 96 hajAra dInAra ke gA~va zrIgommaTa svAmI ke utsava abhiSeka va pUjana Adi ke nimitta dekara apanI nagarI mathurA meM gAje-bAje ke sAtha praveza kiyA aura apane nareza zrI rAcamalla ko vRtAnta sunAyA, jise sunakara mahArAjA rAcamalladeva ne zrI nemicandra svAmI ke caraNoM meM natamastaka pUrvaka Der3ha lAkha dInAroM ke gaoNva zrI gommaTa svAmI kI prabhAvanA ke nimitta pradAna kie aura zrI cAmuNDa ko jinamata kI mahimA bar3hAne ke phalasvarUpa rAya padavI se vibhUSita kiyaa| isalie zrI cAmuNDarAya nAma tabhI se prasiddha hai| inakA apara nAma gommaTa thA aura gommaTarAya bhI kahe jAte the| zrI nemicandrAcArya ne gommaTasAra meM inake vijaya kI bhAvanA kI hai| 1180 ke zilAlekha se bhI jJAta hotA hai ki cAmuNDarAya kA dUsarA nAma gommaTa thaa| zrAvaka ziromaNi cAmuNDarAya ne vindhyagiri para zrI bAhubalI kI pratimA kA nirmANa karAyA thaa| isakA ullekha siddhAntacakravartI zrI nemicandrAcArya ne gommaTasAra karmakANDa meM kiyA hai gommaTasaMggahasuttaM gommaTasiharuvari gommaTa jiNo y| gommaTarAya viNimmiya dakkhiNakukkuDajiNo jayadu / / 968 / /

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132 anekAnta 58/3-4 __ arthAt gommaTa zikhara para cAmuNDarAya rAjA ne jinamandira banavAyA, usameM eka hasta pramANa indranIlamaNimaya neminAtha tIrthakara deva kA pratibimba virAjamAna kiyA tathA bhArata ke dakSiNa prAnta meM zravaNabelagolA ke parvata para nirmApita bAhubalI svAmI kI pratimA virAjamAna kI, vaha bimba tathA gommaTasAra saMgraha grantha jayavanta ho| cAmuNDarAya ne bAhubalI jinabimba ke atirikta brahmadeva nAmaka eka stambha bhI banavAyA thA, jisa para unakI prazasti aMkita hai| inhoMne candragiri pahAr3I para eka mandira nirmANa karAyA thA, jo cAmuNDarAya vasati nAma se vikhyAta hai| bAhubalI kI pratimA ke lie gommaTa nAma kA prayoga sabase prAcIna 1158 I. kA hai| vahA~ rAcamalla nareza ke maMtrI kA nAma 'rAya' likhA hai na ki cAmuNDarAya yA gommaTarAya likhA hai| jasTisa mAMgIlAla jaina cAmuNDarAya kA apara nAma gommaTarAya nahIM svIkAra karate haiM aura na siddhAnta cakravartI nemIcandra ke samakAlIna mAnate haiN| sAtha meM cAmuNDarAya ke dvArA gommaTezvara pratimA nirmANa kA bhI niSedha karate hai, unhoMne likhA hai- "AcArya nemicandra ne apane gurubhAI ziSya va bAlasakhA kahe jAne vAle cAmuNDarAya kA nAma bhUlakara bhI nahIM liyA aura na hI cAmuNDarAya ne apane granthoM meM apane Apako gommaTarAya hI likhA hai| yaha bhI kahA jAtA hai ki svayaM cAmuNDarAya ne apane purANa meM AcArya nemicandra kA bhI jikra nahIM kiyA hai| ataH niSkarSa to yahI nikalatA hai ki na cAmuNDarAya gommaTarAya haiM aura na cAmuNDarAya nemicandracArya ke samakAlIna / yadi mUrti cAmuNDarAya ne banAI hotI, to cAmuNDarAya purANa (979 e.DI.) meM ve isake banAne kA na sahI banAne ke saMkalpa kA to avazya hI jikra krte| isa kRti meM unhoMne apane brahmakSatriya hone kA tathA apane gurU ajitasena kA va apanI upAdhiyoM kA to ullekha kiyA hai, kintu apane sakhA gurubhAI nemicandra kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai yadi mUrti 981 meM pratiSThita huI hotI, cAmuNDarAya purANa' likhate samaya athavA samApta karate samaya isakA nirmANa cala rahA hogaa| Azcarya yaha hai ki isa

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anekAnta 58/3-4 133 kRti ke samApana ke AdhAra para nirmANakAla san 981 kI mAnyatA dRr3ha kI gaI hai jabaki mUrti ke nirmANa meM dasa varSa kA samaya lagA thaa| jasTisa jI kI ukta khoja saTIka nahIM hai, kyoMki AcArya nemicandra ne svayaM likhA hai ki unhoMne cAmuNDarAya ke lie isa gommaTasAra grantha kI racanA kI hai, rUpaka ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai siddhaMtudayataDuggaya nnimmlvrnnemicNdkrkliyaa| guNarayaNa bhUSaNaM buhivelA bharai bhuvaNayalaM / / 967 / / go.ka. siddhAntarupI udayAcala ke taTa para udita nirmala nemicandra kI kiraNa se yukta guNaratnabhUSaNa arthAt cAmuNDarAya rUpI samudra kI yati rUpI velA bhuvanatala ko pUrita kre| yahA~ guNaratna bhUSaNapada cAmuNDarAya kI upAdhi hai| AcArya nemicandra ne gomsaTasAra ke maMgalAcaraNa meM guNaramaNa bhUSaNudaya jIvasAra parUvaNa voccha" likhakara prakArAntara se cAmuNDarAya kA nirdezana kiyA hai| anya maMgala zloko meM cAmuNDarAya kI upAdhiyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai|' gommaTasAra dvArA spaSTa hai ki cAmuNDarAya ne bAhubalI kI pratimA kA nirmANa karAyA thaa|10 paNDita zrI kailAzacandra zAstrI ne to spaSTa likhA hai ki nemicandra aura cAmuNDarAya samakAlIna the| cAmuNDarAya ne hI pratimA kA nirmANa karAyA thaa| unakA to yaha bhI kahanA hai ki cAmuNDarAya kA sambandha jaisA gomsaTasAra grantha ke sAtha hai, vaisA hI zravaNabelagolA kI mUrti ke sAtha hai|" hA~ yaha avazya hai ki AcArya nemicandra ne usa uttuMga mUrti kA ullekha gommaTa nAma se nahIM kiyaa| ve apane dvArA racita grantha ko 'gommaTasaMgrahasUtra' kahate haiN| cAmuNDarAya ko gommaTa kahate haiN| cAmuNDarAya ke dvArA nirmita jinAlaya ko aura usameM sthApita bimba ko gommaTa zabda se kahate haiM, kintu bAhubalI kI mUrti ko gommaTa zabda se nahIM kahate, use vaha dakSiNa kukkuDajina kahate haiN|12

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134 anekAnta 58/3-4 ela.ke. zrInivAsana ne cAmuNDarAya kI prasiddhi ke kAraNa ko batAte hue likhA hai- "gaMga nareza mArasiMha dvitIya aura rAcamalla caturtha kA mahAmatrI cAmuNDarAya usa kAla kA sarvAdhika pratibhA sampanna mahApuruSa thaa| usake samarpaNa kA pramANa eka prAkRtika caTTAna meM usake dvArA banavAI gaI usa sarvocca pratimA se milatA hai, jisameM usanaM bhakti kI zakti ko sRSTi meM ekAkAra kara diyA hai, vahA~ ke chaha abhilekha zravaNavelagolA ke sAtha cAmuNDarAya ke sambandhoM ko rekhAMkita karate haiN| vindhyagiri para gommaTezvara bAhubalI ke nirmANa ne use itihAsa meM prasiddha kara diyaa|"13 cAmuNDarAya ne jo mahattvapUrNa kArya kiye unase unake gurU zrI nemicandrAcArya atyadhika prasanna the, unhoMne apane ziSya ko jJAna karAne hetu gommaTasAra jaise mahAna grantha kI racanA kI thii| jIvakANDa kI manda prabodhinI TIkA kI utthAnikA meM abhayacandra sUri ne likhA hai gaMgavaza ke lalAmabhUta zrImadrAcamalladeva ke mahAmAtya pada para virAjamAna aura raNAMgamalla, guNaratnabhUpaNa samyaktvaratnanilaya Adi vividha sArthaka nAmadhArI zrI cAmaNDarAya ke prazna ke anurUpa jIvasthAna nAmaka prathama khaNDa ke arthasaMgraha karane ke lie gommaTasAra nAma vAle pacasaMgraha zAstra kA prArambha karate hue maiM nemicandra maMgalapUrvaka gAthAsUtra kahatA huuN| apane vyaktitva aura kartRtva ke phalasvarUpa ve aneka alaMkaraNoM se maNDita the| zrI cAmuNDarAya samaradhurandhara, vIramArtaNDa, raNaraMgasiMha, verikulakAladaNDa, rAjavAsasivara, samarapracaNDa, samaraparazurAma, pratipakSazatru, pratipakSarAkSasa, kruDAmika Adi yoddhAoM ko parAjita karane se prApta bhujavikrama Adi upAdhiyA~ inakI bhUSaNa thiiN| naitika dRSTi se samyaktvaratnAkara zaucAbharaNa, satya yudhiSThira aura subhaTacUDAmaNi upAdhiyo se bhI alaMkRta the| itane mahAn the ki unake gaurava kA jitanA vyAkhyAna kiyA jAya, vaha kama hai| unake kAryo kA bhI varNana karane meM kalama akSama hai|

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anekAnta 58/3-4 135 zrI cAmuNDarAya ke kAla para bhI vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai| brahmadeva stambha para I. san 974 kA eka abhilekha pAyA jAtA hai aura 1184 I. meM gommaTezvara kI mUrti ke pAsa meM hI dvArapAlakoM kI bAyIM ora prApta lekha se spaSTa hai ki gommaTa svAmI kI podanapura meM bharata cakravartI dvArA nirmita karAyI gaI pratimA ke viSaya meM sunA to vindhyagiri para vartamAna vidyamAna mUrti kA nirmANa karAyA thaa| isase spaSTa hai ki 1184 I. se pUrva cAmuNDarAya kI prasiddhi ho cukI thii| inhoMne "triSaSTilakSaNamahApurANa" aparanAma "cAmuNDarAyapurANa' kI kannar3a bhASA meM racanA kI thI, jisameM aneka AcAryo dvArA racita saMskRta prAkRta bhASA ke zloka aura gAthAoM ko uddhRta kiyA hai| Aryanandi, puSpadanta, bhUtavali, yativRSabha, uccAraNAcArya, mAghanandi zAmakuNDa tembulUrAcArya, elAcArya, gRddhapicchAcArya, siddhasena, samantabhadra pUjyapAda, vIrasena, guNabhadra, dharmasena, kumArasena, nAgasena, candrasena, ajitasena Adi AcAryo kA ullekha bhI kiyA hai, jisase spapTa hai ki ye mUla paramparA mAnya haiM, inake dvArA cAmuNDarAyapurANa zaka saMvat 900 I. san 978 meM pUrNa kiyA gayA aura 981 I. san meM bAhuvalI svAmI kI pratimA kI pratiSThA karAyI thii| isase nizcita hai ki inakA samaya dasavIM zatI hai| zrI cAmuNDarAya ne kannar3a aura saMskRta donoM bhASAoM meM granthoM kI racanA kI hai| kannar3a bhASA meM likhita triSaSTilakSaNapurANa hai aura saMskRta meM cAritrasAra hai| donoM hI grantha varNya viSaya kI apekSA mahattvapUrNa hai| tripapTilakSaNapurANa meM 63 zalAkApuruSoM ke jIvana caritra ko vistAra ke sAtha varNita kiyA gayA hai| yaha jAtaka kathA kI zailI meM taiyAra kiyA gayA hai, bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai| cAritrasAra zrAvakoM aura zramaNoM ke AcAra kA varNana karane vAlA mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| ise cAra prakaraNoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| prathama prakaraNa meM samyaktva aura paMcANuvratoM kA varNana hai| dvitIya prakaraNa meM saptazIloM kA vistRta vivecana hai| tRtIya prakaraNa meM SoDaza bhAvanAoM

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136 anekAnta 58/3-4 kA vivaraNa hai| caturtha prakaraNa meM anagAra dharma kA sampUrNa varNana kiyA gayA hai| yaha saMskRta gadya zailI kA atyuttama grantha hai| rIDara-saMskRta vibhAga, di. jaina kaoNleja, bar3auta sandarbha1. 'jagatpavitrabrahmakSatriyavaMzabhAge' cA.pu.pR. 5 2. "so ajiyaseNaNAho jassa gurU" gommaTasAra karmakANDa gAthA 966 3. bAhubalicaritra zloka 6 4. ajjajaseNa guNagaNasamUha saMdhAri ajiysennguru| bhuvaNaguru jassa gurU so rAo gommaTo jyuu|| 733 jIvakANDa gommaTa sutta lihaNe gommaTarAyeNa yA kayA desii| so rAo cirakAlaM NAmeNa ya viirmcddii|| go.sA. 5. dekho (EC II) naM 238 pakti 16 agrejI sakSepa kA pR. 98 uddhRta jIvakANDa kI bhUmikA pR. 14 (paM. kailAza canda zAstrI) 6. bAhubalI kI pratimA gomeTazvara kyoM kahI jAtI hai? anekAnta-bAhubalI vizeSAMka __(1980) varSa 33 ki. 4 pR. 39 (Alekha DA. premacanda jaina) 7. isakA nAma triSaSTilakSaNa mahApurANa (kannar3a) hai| 8. 'bAhubalI' lekhaka-jasTima mAMgIlAla jaina (prakAzaka di. jaina muni vidyAnanda zodhapITha, bar3auta) 9. namiUNa NemicaMdaM asahAyaparamakkama mahAvIraM / NamiUNa vaDDhamANaM kaNayaNihaM devraaypripujj|| 358 / / karmakANDa asahAya jiNavariMde asahAya parakkame mhaaviire| NamiUNa nnepinnaahe| sjjguhittttinnmNsiyNdhijuNg|| 451 / / karmakANDa asahAyaparAkrama, devarAja, satya yudhiSThira ye saba nAma cAmuNDarAya ke haiN| 10. jeNaviNimmiya paDimA vayaNaM sbbtttthsiddhidevehi| savvaparamohi jogahiM diTuM so rAo gommaTo jyu|| 969 / / karmakANDa 11. gommaTasAra jIvakANDa bhUmikA pR. 14 (paM. kailAzacandra shaastrii)|

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anekAnta 58/3-4 137 12. gommaTasaMggaha suttaM gommaTa siharUvari gommaTa jiNo y| gommaTarAya viNimmiya dakkhiNakukkuDajiNo jayaU go.karma. 968 13. "The most illustrious person of this period is Chamundraya, the minister of Ganga Marsingha II and Rachmall IV. He combined in himself the best of the qualities of heroism, learning and devotion, the last one expressed through his determination to carve out the greatest standing monolithic statue from natural rock, blending nature with the universe. Six inscriptions record Chamundraya's connection with Shravana Belagola. He is renowned for the erection of the clossus Commata or Bahubali; on Vindhyagiri in Shravana Belagola." L.K. Shriniwasan, Homogo to Shravanabelagola, A Marg Publication 1981, Page 46-47 14. jIvakANDa ma.pra.TI. 503 yaH smaryate sarvamunIndravRndai, ryaH stuyate sarvanarADamarendraiH / yo gIyate vedapurANazAstraiH, sa devadevo hRdaye mamAstAm / / - paramAtma-gItikA, 12 jo sabhI munirAjoM ke samUha dvArA smaraNa kiyA jAtA hai, jo sabhI narendroM aura devendroM se stuta kiyA jAtA hai, jo veda-purANa-zAstroM ke dvArA gAyA jAtA haivaha devAdhideva (arhanta) mere hRdaya meM virAjamAna rhe|

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gommaTa-mUrti kI kuNDalI -jyotiSAcArya govinda pai 'zravaNabelagola' ke gommaTa svAmI kI mUrti kI sthApanA tithi 13 mArca, san 981 mAnI gaI hai| vastutaH sambhava hai ki yaha tithi hI mUrti kI sthApanA-tithi ho, kyoMki bhAratIya jyotiSa ke anusAra 'bAhubali caritra' meM gommaTa-mUrti kI sthApanA kI jo tithi, nakSatra, lagna, saMvatsara Adi diye gaye haiM, ve usa tithi meM arthAt 13 mArca, 981 meM ThIka ghaTita hote haiN| ataeva isa prastuta lekha meM usI tithi aura lagna ke anusAra usa samaya ke graha spaSTa karake lagna-kuNDalI tathA candrakuNDalI dI jAtI hai aura usa lagna-kuNDalI kA phala bhI likhA jAtA hai| usa samaya kA paJcAMga vivaraNa isa prakAra hai zrIvikrama sa. 1038 zakAbda 903 caitra zukla pacamI ravivAra ghaTI 56, pala 58, rohiNI nAma nakSatra, 22 ghaTI, 15 pala, taduparAnta pratiSThA ke samaya mRgazira nakSatra 25 ghaTI 49 pala, AyuSmAna yoga 34 ghaTI, 46 pala isake bAda pratiSThA samaya meM saubhAgya yoga 21 ghaTI, 49 pl| usa samaya kI lagna spaSTa 10 rAzi, 26 aMza 39 kalA aura 57 vikalA rahI hogii| usakI SaDvarga-zuddhi isa prakAra hai 10/26/39/57 lagna spaSTa-isa lagna meM gRha zani kA huA aura navAMza sthira lagna arthAt vRzcika kA AThavAM hai, isakA svAmI maMgala hai| ataeva maMgala kA navAMza huaa| dreSkANa tRtIya tulArAzi kA huA jisakA svAmI zukra hai| trizAMza viSama rAzi kumbha meM caturtha budha kA huA aura dvAdazAMza gyArahavAM dhanarAzi kA huA jisakA svAmI guru hai| isaliya yaha SaDvarga banA

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anekAnta 58/3-4 139 (1) gRha-zani, (2) horA-candra, (3) nAmavaMza-maMgala, (4) trizAMza-budha, (5) dreSkANa-zukra, (6) dvAdazAMza guru kA huaa| aba isa bAta kA vicAra karanA cAhie ki SaDvarga kaisA hai aura pratiSThA meM isakA kyA phala hai? isa SaDvarga meM cAra zubhagraha padAdhikArI haiM aura do krUra grh| parantu donoM krUra graha bhI yahAM nitAMta azubha nahIM kahe jA sakate haiM kyoMki zani yahAM para ucca rAzi kA hai| ataeva yaha saumya grahoM ke hI samAna phala dene vAlA hai| isaliya isa SaDvarga meM sabhI saumya graha haiM, yaha pratiSThA meM zubha hai aura lagna bhI balavAna hai; kyoMki SaDvarga kI zuddhi kA prayojana kevala lagna kI savalatA athavA nirbalatA dekhane ke lie hI hotA hai, phalataH yaha mAnanA par3egA ki yaha lagna bahuta hI baliSTha hai| jisakA ki phala Age likhA jAyagA / isa lagna ke anusAra pratiSThA kA samaya subaha 4 baja kara 38 minaTa honA caahie| kyoMki ye lagna, navAMzAda kI ThIka 4 baja kara 38 minaTa para hI Ate haiN| usa samaya ke graha spaSTa isa prakAra rahe hoNge| navagraha-spaSTa-cakra ravi candra bhauma budha guru zukra zani rAhu ketu graha 11 1 2 10 1 0 6 0 6 rAzi 24 257 2 3 5 6 7 7 aza 43 41 26 58 1 36 13 21 21 kalA 14 25 48 51 31 42 59 37 37 vikalA 58 782 45 108 4 56 2 3 3 gati 45 52 37 59 41 52 31 11 11 vigati yahA~ para graha-lAghava ke anusAra ahargaNa 478 hai tathA cakra 49 hai, karaNakutUhalIya ahargaNa 1235.92 makarandIya 1688329 aura sUryasiddhAntIya 714403984956 hai| parantu isa lekha meM grahalAghava ke ahargaNa para se hI graha banAe gae haiM aura tithi nakSatrAdika ke ghaTyAdi bhI isIke anusAra haiN|

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140 anekAnta 58/3-4 usa samaya kI candra-kuNDalI usa samaya kI lagna kuNDalI ravi 12 / 10 / bhauma budha / guru caMdramA guru 1 candra zani / bhIma ketu zani ketu pratiSThAkartA ke lie lagnakuNDalI kA phala sUrya ___ jisa pratiSThApaka ke pratiSThA-samaya dvitIya sthAna meM sUrya rahatA hai vaha puruSa bar3A bhAgyavAn hotA hai| gau, ghor3A aura hAthI Adi caupAye pazuoM kA pUrNa sukha use hotA hai| usakA dhana uttama kAryo meM kharca hotA hai| lAbha ke lie use adhika ceSTA nahIM karanI par3atI haiN| vAyu aura pitta se usake zarIra meM pIr3A hotI hai| candramA kA phala yaha lagna se caturtha hai isalie kendra meM hai sAtha-hI-sAtha ucca rAzi kA tathA zuklapakSIya hai| isalie isakA phala isa prakAra huA hogaa| caturtha sthAna meM candramA rahane se puruSa rAjA ke yahA~ sabase bar3A adhikArI rahatA hai| putra aura striyoM kA sukha use apUrva milatA hai| parantu yaha phala vRddhAvasthA meM bahuta ThIka ghaTatA hai| kahA hai"yadA bandhugobAndhavairatrijanmA navadvAri sarvAdhikArI sadaiva" ityAdi bhauma kA phala yaha lagna se paMcama hai isalie trikoNa meM hai aura paMcama maMgala hone se

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anekAnta 58/3-4 141 peTa kI agni bahuta teja ho jAtI hai| usakA mana pApa se bilakula haTa jAtA hai aura yAtrA karane meM usakA mana prasanna rahatA hai| parantu vaha cintita rahatA hai aura bahuta samaya taka puNya kA phala bhoga kara amara kIrti saMsAra meM phailAtA hai| budhaphala yaha lagna meM hai| isakA phala pratiSThA-kAraka ko isa prakAra rahA hogA lagnastha budha kumbha rAzi kA hokara anya grahoM ke ariSToM ko nAza karatA hai aura buddhi ko zreSTha banAtA hai, usakA zarIra suvarNa ke samAna divya hotA hai aura usa puruSa ko vaidya, zilpa Adi vidyAoM meM dakSa banAtA hai| pratiSThA ke 8veM varSa meM zani aura ketu se roga Adi jo pIr3Ae~ hotI haiM unako vinAza karatA hai| guruphala yaha lagna se caturtha hai aura caturtha bRhaspati anya pApa grahoM ke ariSToM ke dUra karatA hai tathA usa puruSa ke dvAra para ghor3oM kA hinahinAnA, bandIjanoM se stuti kA honA Adi bAteM hai| usakA parAkrama itanA bar3hatA hai ki zatru loga bhI usakI sevA karate haiM; usakI kIrti sarvatra phaila jAtI hai aura usakI Ayu ko bhI bRhaspati bar3hAtA hai| zUratA, saujanya, dhIratA Adi guNoM kI uttarottara vRddhi hotI hai| zukraphala __yaha lagna se tRtIya aura rAhu ke sAtha hai| ataeva isakA phala pratiSThA ke 5veM varSa meM santAna-sukha ko denA sUcita karatA hai| sAtha-hI-sAtha usake mukha se sundara vANI nikalatI hai| usakI buddhi sundara hotI hai| usakA

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142 anekAnta 58/3-4 mukha sundara hotA hai aura vastra sundara hote haiN| matalaba yaha hai ki isa prakAra ke zukra hone se usa pUjaka ke sabhI kArya sundara hote haiN|' zaniphala yaha lagna se navama hai aura isake sAtha ketu bhI hai, parantu yaha tulA rAzi kA hai| isalie ucca kI zani huA ataeva yaha dharma kI vRddhi karane vAlA aura zatruoM ko vaza meM karatA hai| kSatriyoM meM mAnya hotA hai aura kavitva zakti, dhArmika kAryoM meM ruci, jJAna kI vRddhi Adi zubha cihna dharmastha ucca zani ke haiN| rAhuphala yaha lagana se tRtIya hai ataeva zubhagraha ke samAna phala kA dene vAlA hai| pratiSThA samaya rAhu tRtIya sthAna meM hone se, hAthI yA siMha parAkrama meM usakI barAbarI nahIM kara sakate; jagat usa puruSa kA sahodara bhAI ke samAna ho jAtA hai| tatkAla hI usakA bhAgyodaya hotA hai| bhAgyodaya ke lie use prayatna nahIM karanA par3atA hai| ketu kA phala yaha lagna se navama meM hai arthAt dharma-bhAva meM hai| isake hone se kleza kA nAza honA, putra kI prApti honA, dAna denA, imArata banAnA, prazaMsanIya kArya karanA Adi bAteM hotI haiN| anyatra bhI kahA hai-5 "zikhI dharmabhAve yadA klezanAzaH sutArthI bhavenmlecchato bhaagyvRddhiH|" ityAdi mUrti aura darzakoM ke lie tatkAlIna grahoM kA phala mUrti ke lie phala

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anekAnta 58/3-4 tatkAlIna kuNDalI se kahA jAtA hai| dUsarA prakAra yaha bhI hai ki cara sthirAdi lagna navAMza aura trizAMza se bhI mUrti kA phala kahA gayA hai 1 143 lagna, navAMzAdi kA phala lagna sthira aura navAMza bhI sthira rAzi kA hai tathA trizAMzadika bhI SaDvarga ke anusAra zubha grahoM ke haiM / ataeva mUrti kA sthira rahanA aura bhUkampa, bijalI Adi mahAn utpAtoM se mUrti ko rakSita rakhanA sUcita karate haiN| cora-DAkU Adi kA bhaya nahIM ho sktaa| dina pratidina manojJatA bar3hatI hai aura zakti adhika AtI hai| bahuta kAla taka saba vighna-bAdhAoM se rahita ho kara usa sthAna kI pratiSThA ko bar3hAtI hai / vidharmiyoM kA AkramaNa nahIM ho sakatA aura rAjA, mahArAjA, sabhI usa mUrti kA pUjana karate haiM / saba hI jana-samudAya usa puNya-zAlI mUrti ko mAnatA hai aura usakI kIrti saba dizAoM meM phaila jAtI hai Adi zubha bAteM navAMza aura lagna se jAnI jAtI haiM / candrakuNDalI ke anusAra phala vRSa rAzi kA candramA hai aura yaha ucca kA hai tathA candrarAzi candramA se bArahavAM hai aura guru candra ke sAtha meM hai tathA candramA se dvitIya maMgala aura dasaveM budha tathA bArahaveM zukra hai / ataeva gRhAdhyAya ke anusAra gRha 'ciraMjIvI' yoga hotA hai| isakA phala mUrti ko cirakAla taka sthAyI rahanA hai| koI bhI utpAta mUrti ko hAni nahIM pahuMcA sakatA hai / parantu graha spaSTa ke anusAra tAtkAlika lagna se jaba Ayu banAte haiM to paramANu tIna hajAra sAta sau unnIsa varSa, gyAraha mahIne aura 19 dina Ate haiM / mUrti ke lie kuNDalI tathA candrakuNDalI kA phala uttama hai aura aneka camatkAra vahA~ para hamezA hote raheMge / bhayabhIta manuSya bhI usa sthAna meM pahuMca kara nirbhaya ho jAyagA /

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144 anekAnta 58/3-4 isa candrakuNDalI meM 'DimbhAkhya' yoga hai| usakA phala aneka upadravoM se rakSA karanA tathA pratiSThA ko bar3hAnA hai| kaI anya yoga bhI haiM kintu vizeSa mahatvapUrNa na hone se nAma nahIM diye haiN| pratiSThA ke samaya upasthita logoM ke lie bhI isakA uttama phala rahA hogaa| isa muhUrta meM bANa paMcaka arthAt roga, cora, agni, rAja, mRtyu inameM se koI bhI bANa nahIM hai| ataH upasthita sajjanoM ko kisI bhI prakAra kA kaSTa nahIM huA hogaa| sabako apAra sukha evaM zAnti milI hogii| ina lagna, navAMza, SaDvargAdika meM jyotiSa-zAstra kI dRSTi se koI bhI doSa nahIM hai pratyuta aneka mahattvapUrNa guNa maujUda haiN| isase siddha hotA hai ki prAcIna kAla meM loga muhUrta, lagnAdika ke zubhAzubha kA bahuta vicAra karate the| parantu Aja kala kI pratiSThAoM meM manacAhA lagna tathA muhUrta le lete haiM jisase aneka upadravoM kA sAmanA karanA par3atA hai| jyotiSa-zAstra kA phala asatya nahIM kahA jA sakatA; kyoMki kAla kA prabhAva pratyeka vastu para par3atA hai aura kAla kI niSpatti jyotiSa-devoM se hI hotI hai| isalie jyotiSa-zAstra kA phala gaNitAgata bilkula satya hai| ataeva pratyeka pratiSThA meM paJcAGga-zuddhi ke atirikta lagna, navAMza, SaDvargAdika kA bhI sUkSma vicAra karanA atyanta jarUrI hai| saMdarbhaH 1. "budho mUrtigo mArjayedanyariSTaM gariSThA dhiyo vaikhriivRttibhaajH| janA divyacAmIkarIbhUtadehazcikitsAvido duzcikitsyA bhavinta / / " "lagne sthitAH jIvendubhArgavabudhAH sukhakAntidAH syuH / " 2. gRhadvArataH zrUyatevAjiDheSA / dvijoccArito vedaghoSo'pi tadvat pratispardhitaH kurvate pAricarya caturye gurau taptamantargataJca / / camatkAracintAmaNi

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anekAnta 58/3-4 145 sukhe jIve sukhI lokaH subhago raajpuujitH| vijAtAriH kulAdhyakSo gurubhaktazca jaayte|| lagnacandrikA artha sukha arthAt lagna se caturtha sthAna meM bRhaspati hove to pUjaka (pratiSThAkAraka) sukhI rAjA se mAnya, zatruoM ko jItane vAlA, kulaziromaNi tathA guru kA bhakta hotA hai| vizeSa ke lie bRhajjataka 19vAM adhyAya dekho| 3. mukhaM cArubhASa manISApi cArvI mukhaM cAru cArUNi vAsAMsi tasya / vArAhI saMhitA bhArgave sahaje jAto dhndhaanysutaanvitH| nIrogI rAjamAnyazca pratApI cApi jaayte|| -lagnacandrikA artha zukra ke tIsare sthAna me rahane se pUjaka dhana-dhAnya, santAna Adi sukhoM se yukta hotA hai| tathA nirogI, rAjA se mAnya aura pratApI hotA hai| bRhajjAtaka me bhI isI Azaya ke kaI zloka haiM jinakA tAtparya yahI hai jo Upara liyA gayA hai| 4. na nAgo'tha siMho mujo vikrameNa prayAtIha siMhIsute tatsamatvam / vidyAdharmadhanairyukto bahubhASI ca bhAgyavAn / / ityAdi artha jisa pratiSThAkAraka ke tRtIya sthAna meM rAhu hone se usake vidyA, dharma dhana aura bhAgya usI samaya se vRddhi ko prApta hote hai| vaha uttama vaktA hotA hai| 5. eko'pi jIvo balavAMstanusthaH sito'pi saumyo'pyathavA balI cet / doSAnazeSAnvinihaMti sadyaH / skaMdo yathA taarkdaityvrgm|| guNAdhikatare lagne doSe'tyalpatare ydi| surANAM sthApanaM tatra karturiSTArthasiddhidam / / bhAvArtha isa lagna meM guNa adhika haiM aura doSa bahuta kama haiM arthAt nahIM ke barAbara haiN| ataeva yaha lagna sampUrNa ariSTo ko nAza karane vAlA aura zrI cAmuNDarAya ke lie sampUrNa abhISTa arthoM ko denevAlA siddha huA hogaa|

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pAThakIya vicAra ___ -DaoN. anila kumAra jaina janavarI-jUna 2005 kA 'anekAnta' kA aMka kaI mahatvapUrNa evaM rocaka viSayoM se bharapUra hai| AcArya kundakunda ke sambandha meM AdaraNIya paMDita zrI padmacandra zAstrI jI kA lekha va ApakA saMpAdakIya mahatvapUrNa samAdhAna prastuta karatA hai| DaoN. nandalAla jI kA eka vAkya yaha ki 'vastutaH anekAMtavAdI jaina apane-apane pakSa ke ekAMtavAdI ho gaye haiN| acchA lgaa| ___ isI aMka meM DaoN. zreyAMsa kumAra jaina kA lekha 'Agama kI kasauTI para premI jI' prakAzita huA hai| isameM unhoMne premI jI ke vidhavA-vivAha, vijAtIya vivAha, tattvArthasUtra ke kartA sambandhI vicAroM ko Agama kI kasauTI para kasa kara anta meM eka niSkarSa yaha bhI diyA hai ki 'premI jI eka sAhityakAra aura itihAsa vijJa suyogya manISI avazya haiM kintu Agama kI paridhi meM rahakara lekhana karane vAle na hone se unheM Agama kA zraddhAlu to nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| isa prakAra DAkTara sAhaba ne premI jI ko mithyAdRSTi karAra de diyA hai| ina sabhI muddoM para vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai| pichale kucha samaya se maiM yaha mahasUsa karane lagA hU~ ki hamAre kucha 'Agama ke jJAtA' vidvAnoM ne logoM ko sarTiphikeTa denA zurU kara diyA hai ki kauna samyakdRSTi hai aura kauna mithyaadRsstti| yadi tarka para unake vicAroM kI kahIM kATa ho rahI ho to turanta kaha do inheM Agama kA jJAna nahIM haiM, isalie aisA kaha rahe haiM, mithyAdRSTi haiN| jaisA ki hama samajhate haiM ki kauna samyakdRSTi hai aura kauna mithyAdRSTi, yaha zAyada chadmasthoM kI zakti ke bAhara hai; vastutaH ise to vItarAga prabhu hI jAna sakate haiN|

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anekAnta 58/3-4 147 chyAnave lAkha rAniyoM se ghirA bharata cakravartI vAsanA se mukta bhI ho sakatA hai aura binA palI vAlA vyakti vAsanA ke prati Asakta ho sakatA hai| Upara-Upara se yaha nirNaya kara lenA ki kauna kyA hai, bahuta muzkila hai| Agama kA prakANDa jJAtA bhI ghora mithyAtvI ho sakatA hai| vidhavA-vivAha aura antarjAtIya/vijAtIya vivAha kI carcA naI nahIM hai| isake pakSa aura vipakSa meM likhA jAtA rahA hai| lekina eka bAta hameM abhI taka samajha meM nahIM AI hai ki vivAha eka Avazyaka dhArmika kRtya hai yA mahaja sAmAjika kRtya / yadi yaha eka Avazyaka dhArmika kRtya hai to bhagavAn mahAvIra sahita pA~ca tIrthakara bAlayati kyoM rahe? aura yadi yaha mahaja sAmAjika kRtya hai to ise deza kAla ke sAmAjika pariprekSya meM kyoM nahIM dekhA jAtA hai| aura yadi yaha thor3A dhArmika bhI hai to bhagavAn mahAvIra svayaM bAla brahmacArI rahakara vivAha sambandhI upadeza kyoM daMte? (kama se kama bhagavAn mahAvIra ne isa sambandha meM kucha nahIM kahA hai|) varNa aura jAti ke sambandha meM jaina zAstroM meM jo kucha likhA milatA hai vaha vaidika va brAhmaNa paramparA se prabhAvita pratIta hotA hai| isa bAta ko bahuta te 'Agama ke jJAtA' vidvAna svIkAra nahIM kreNge| prAcInakAla meM Aja jaisI vyavasthA to thI nahIM ki hara viSaya kA eka vizeSajJa ho- gaNita bhautikI, rAjanIti, samAja-zAstra Adi pahale jo kucha bhI ina viSayoM meM likhA gayA vaha sava dhArmika granthoM kA hissA mAna liyA gyaa| yadi ina viSayoM para kisI jaina dharmAvalaMbI vidvAna ne likhA to vaha 'jaina dharma' kA hissA ho gyaa| yadi IsAI ne likhA to 'isAI dharma' kA aura hindU ne likhA to 'hindU dharma' kaa| ina saba bAtoM ko dharma mAna lene para usa dharma kI mUla AtmA Ahata hotI hai| varNa-vyavasthA, jAti-prathA aura vivAha Adi jitane bhI viSaya haiM ve saba samAja-vyavasthA se sambandhita haiM, dharma se unakA vizeSa kucha lenA-denA nahI hai| pahale mAtra mAnava thA, phira varNa-vyavasthA sthApita huI aura usake

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148 anekAnta 58/3-4 bAda jaati-vyvsthaa| vidhavA vivAha, antarjAtIya vivAha Adi ko hameM sAmAjika pariprekSya meM hI dekhanA caahie| yApanIya sampradAya va unake zAstroM ko lekara bhI vidvAnoM meM hamezA matabheda rahe haiN| yadi premI jI tathA paM. sukhalAla jI 'tattvArthasUtra' ko yApanIya grantha mAnate haiM, tathA anya dUsare bhI aisA mAnate haiM, to isameM Agama viruddha kyA dikhatA hai? matabheda ho sakate haiN| DaoN. zreyAMsa jI likhate haiM- 'yApanIya sampradAya dvArA mAnya strI-mukti Adi siddhAnta tatvArtha sUtra meM dekhane ko nahIM milate ataH tatvArtha sUtra yApanIya sampradAya kA bilkula bhI nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| yaha tarka adhika majabUta nahIM haiN| yadi tatvArtha sUtra meM yaha nahIM likhA hai ki strI-mukti sambhava hai, to yaha bhI to nahIM likhA hai ki strI-mukti sambhava nahIM hai| __ merA mAnanA hai ki isa prakAra ke AlekhoM ke sAtha ApakA saMpAdakIya TippaNa bhI honA caahie| B/26, sUryanArAyaNa sosAyaTI viSata paiTrola paMpa ke sAmane sAbaramatI, ahamadAbAda-380005

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vIra sevA maMdira 21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2

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