Kuvayalanand

Author(s): Bholashankar Vyas
Publisher: Chowkhamba Vidyabhawan
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/023504/1

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kuvalayAnanda 3031

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// zrIH / / vidhAnavana saMskRta granthamAlA 24 zrImadappayyadIkSitaviracitaH kuvalayAnandaH 'alaGkArasurabhi'-hindIvyAsaporeTa vyAkhyAkAra DaoN0 bholAzaGkara vyAsa prAdhyApaka, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI cauravambA vidyAbhavana vArANasI 221001

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prakAzaka caukhambA vidyAbhavana ( bhAratIya saMskRti evaM sAhitya ke prakAzaka tathA vitaraka ) cauka ( banArasa sTeTa baiMka bhavana ke pIche ) po0 bA0 naM0 1069, vArANasI 221001 dUrabhASa : 63076 sarvAdhikAra surakSita paJcama saMskaraNa 1989 mUlya 60-00 anya prAptisthAna-caukhambA surabhAratI prakAzana 37/117, gopAlamandira lena * bA0 naM0 1129, vArANasI 221001 dUrabhASa : 57214 caukhambA saMskRta pratiSThAna 18 yU. e., javAharanagara, baMgalo roDa dillI 110007 dUrabhASa : 236391 mudrakazrIjI mudraNAlaya vArANasI

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THE VIDYABHAWAN SANSKRIT GRANTHAMALA 24 KUVALAYANANDA OF APPAYADIKSITA With 'ALANKARASURABHI' HINDI COMMENTARY BY D. Bholashankar Vyas (Professor, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. ) KY CHOWKHAMBA Vidyabhawan VARANASI

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O CHOWKHAMBA VIDYABHAWAN (Oriental Booksellers & Publishers) CHOWK ( Behind The Benares State Bank Building ) Post Box No. 69 .. . VARANASI 2 21001 Also can be had of CHAUKHAMBA SANSKRIT PRATISHTHAN 38 U. A., Jawaharnagar, Bungalow Road DELHI 110007 CHAUKHAMBA SURBHARATI PRAKASHAN ( Oriental Booksellers & Publishers) K. 37/117 Gopal Mandir Lane Post Box No. 129 VARANASI 2 2 1001

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pUjya pitRvya paM0 viSNudattajI vyAsa kAvyatIrtha, dharmazAstrI divaMgata AtmA ko

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nivedana bhAratIya sAhityazAstra ke adhyayana meM yaha merA tIsarA prayAsa hai, jise maiM sAhityikasamAja ke sammukha prastuta kara rahA huuN| isake pUrva maiM dhananjaya ke sAvaloka dazarUpaka kI hiMdI vyAkhyA 'hiMdI dazarUpaka' tathA dhvanisampradAya ke zabdazaktisaMbaMdhI vicAroM para 'dhvanisampradAya aura usake siddhAMta, bhAga 1 ( zabdazaktivivecana )' vidvAnoM ke sammukha prastuta kara cukA hU~ / 'dhvanisampradAya aura usake siddhAMta bhAga 1' merA DAkTareTa kA prabaMdha hai tathA ise nAgarIpracAriNI sabhA ne prakAzita kiyA hai / 'hiMdI dazarUpaka' para uttarapradeza sarakAra ne puraskAra ghoSita kara mujhe protsAhana diyA hai| vidvAnoM ne ina donoM granthoM ko samucita protsAhana dekara mere utsAha meM abhivRddhi kI hai| aba maiM bhAratIya sAhityazAstra viSayaka isa tIsare puSpa ko lekara upasthita ho rahA hU~ / prastuta vyAkhyA ke guNa-doSoM ke viSaya meM mujhe kucha nahIM kahanA hai| maiMne yahA~ ThIka usI zailI kA Azraya liyA hai jo 'hiMdI dazarUpaka' meM pAI jAtI hai| kiMtu 'hiMdI dazarUpaka' se isa vyAkhyA meM eka viziSTatA milegI / tattat alaMkAra ke sAtha maiMne vistRta TippaNiyoM kI yojanA kara mammaTa, ruyyaka, paMDitarAja jagannAtha Adi ke alaMkArasaMbaMdhI matoM ke sAtha dIkSita ke matoM kI tulanAtmaka samAlocanA kI hai| isake atirikta kuvalayAnaMda kI upalabdha do TIkAoM-- gaMgAdhara vAjapeyI kRta rasikaraMjanI tathA vaidyanAtha tatsat kRta alaMkAracandrikA - kA samucita upayoga kara unake matoM kA bhI saMketa kiyA gayA hai / AzA hai, vidvAnoM ko ye donoM bAteM rucikara pratIta hoNgii| alaMkArazAstra bar3A gahana

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[ 2 ] viSaya hai tathA kaI alaMkAroM kI bArIkiyoM ke viSaya meM svayaM adhikArI AlaMkArikoM meM bhI aikamatya nahIM rahA hai / aisI sthiti meM kahIM-kahIM kucha truTi raha jAnA saMbhava ho sakatA hai / maiM adhikArI vidvAnoM ke parAmarza kA svAgata karU~gA tathA bhAvI saMskaraNa meM usake samucita upayoga se apane ko dhanya samajha~gA / pustaka ke AraMbha meM maiMne eka vistRta bhUmikA dI hai| isameM do dRSTikoNa rakhe gaye haiM, eka vaijJAnika zodhasaMbaMdhI dRSTikoNa, dUsarA pramukha alaMkAroM ke sAmAnya paricaya dene kA vicAra / isIlie bhUmikA ko do bhAgoM meM bA~TA gayA hai| prathama bhAga meM dIkSita kA paricaya, unakI anya do kRtiyoM meM pallavita vicAroM kA saMketa diyA gayA hai / isI bhAga meM dIkSita ke dvArA udbhAvita naye alaMkAroM kI mImAMsA vAlA aMza atyadhika mahattvapUrNa hai, jisameM bhojarAja, zobhAkaramitra, khyyaka, jayadeva, paMDitarAja, vizvezvara tathA nAgeza kI kRtiyoM kA upayoga kara unakA tulanAtmaka zodhapUrNa adhyayana diyA gayA hai| isase alaga aMza bhI kama mahattva kA nahIM hai, jahA~ dIkSita ke dvArA citramImAMsA meM 12 alaMkAroM ke viSaya meM upanyasta kiye gaye vicAroM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / yaha aMza pramukha 12 alaMkAroM kI bArIkiyoM ko jAnane meM jijJAsuoM kI sahAyatA kara skegaa| sAtha hI yaha aMza 'hiMdI kuvalayAnaMda' kA pUraka kahA jA sakatA hai / bhUmikA ke agale bhAga meM eka ora kAvya meM alaMkAroM kA sthAna tathA alaMkAroM ke vargIkaraNa para atisaMkSipta saMketa kiyA gayA hai, dUsarI ora 60 ke lagabhaga alaMkAroM kA svarUpa tathA unake paraspara sAmya vaiSamya para viduzailI meM vivaraNa diyA gayA hai, jo alaMkAroM ke mUla tattva ko ( kArikA yA vRtti ko bhI ) spaSTarUpa se samajhane meM madada karegA / tattat alaMkAra kI vAstavika AtmA jAnane kI icchA vAle sAhityikoM tathA vidyArthiyoM ke lie yaha aMza atyadhika upayogI hai / kAvyAlaMkAroM kA viSaya bhAratIya sAhityazAstra meM atyadhika mahattvapUrNa hai / nayepana kI dhuna meM madAMdha sAhityika alaMkAroM ko purAnI kAvyarUDhiyA~ kaha kara inheM tor3ane meM hI apanI krAMtikAritA kA paricaya dete haiN| para cAhe ve loga alaMkAroM kA virodha karate raheM, kAvya se alaMkAra kA sarvathA viccheda karane meM ve azakta hI rheNge| hiMdI kA kyA chAyAvAdI kavi, kyA prayogavAdI kavi sabhI ne apanI kavitA- kAminI ko alaMkAra-sajjA se sajAyA hai, yaha dUsarI bAta hai ki Aja

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[ 3 ] ke kavi ke aprastuta ThIka ve hI na hoM, jo purAne kavi ke the tathA vaha Aja ke AlaMkArika camatkAra ko upamA, utprekSA, rUpaka Adi nAmoM se abhihita karane me nAka-bhauM sikor3atA ho| para purAne nAmoM taka se ghRNA karanA usakI dUSita tathA kutsita manovRtti kA paricAyaka hai / Aja kI pragativAdI tathA mAnavatAvAdI AlocanA ne bhI sAhityazAstra ke adhyayana ko tathA zuddha sAhityika paryAlocana ko karArA dhakA pahuMcAyA hai| maiM pragativAdI tathA mAnavatAvAdI AlocanA ko heya nahIM kahatA, vaha bhI kavi tathA kRti ke mahattva kA paryAlocana karane ke lie upAdeya hai, kitu ekamAtra vahI nhiiN| mAnavatAvAdI mApadaNDa ke sAtha jaba taka sAhityika mApadaNDa kA upAdAna na hogA, AlocanA pUrNa na hogI, vaha samAjazAstrIya lekha mAtra banI rhegii| ina naye kheve ke AlocakoM ke guru, TI0 esa0 iliyaTa taka ne apane eka nibaMdha meM sAhityika paryAlocana meM mAnavatAvAdI tathA sAhityazAstrIya donoM taraha ke mAnoM kA prayoga karane kI spaSTa salAha dI thii| vastutaH donoM zailiyoM kA samanvaya karane para hI hama 'Alocana-darzana' ko janma de skeNge| hiMdI meM isa prakAra kI zailI ke janmadAtA AcArya rAmacandra zukla the tathA merI samajha meM AlocanA kI vahI zailI svastha hai| rasa, dhvani, rIti, alaMkAra kA samucita jJAna eka sAhityika ke lie atyAvazyaka hai, vaha use 'rUDhiyA~' kaha kara usakI AlocanA bhale hI kare, naye alaMkAroM kI kalpanA kare, naye nAmakaraNa kare, naye prayoga kare, para purAnoM ko samajha to le| yadi aisA nahIM, to spaSTa hai ki vaha kisI sIdhe rAste se hI yaza ke gaurIzikhara para pahuMcanA cAhatA hai tathA vAstavika sAhityika gutthiyoM meM apanA samaya ulajhAnA bekAra samajhatA hai| harSa kA viSaya hai ki idhara hidI ke kucha vidvAnoM kA dhyAna ina sAhityazAstrIya viSayoM kI ora jAne lagA hai, DaoN0 nagendra ina vidvAnoM ke agradUta kahe jA sakate haiN| rIti, vakrokti, dhvani, rasa Adi ke sAtha hI alaMkAroM ke vikAsa para bhI eka gaveSaNApUrNa adhyayana kI hiMdI meM AvazyakatA hai jisameM AcArya bharata se lekara AcArya rAmacaMdra zukla taka ke alaMkArasaMbaMdhI vicAroM kA vivecana karate hue pramukha alaMkAroM kA aitihAsika tathA sAhityika paryAlocana ho / ina paMktiyoM kA lekhaka zIghra hI bhAratIya sAhityazAstra tathA kAvyAlaMkAra' ke nAma se eka prabaMdha prastuta karane kA prayatna kara rahA hai / AzA hai, yaha prabaMdha ukta kamI ko kucha pUrA kara skegaa|

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[4] anta meM, maiM una sabhI lekhakoM kA AbhArI hU~ jinhoMne jAne-anajAne mujhe isa grantha ke praNayana meM prabhAvita kiyA hai| maiM punaH isa vyAkhyA kI truTiyoM ke lie kSamA cAhatA huuN| isa grantha ko maiM apane divaMgata pitRvya paM0 viSNudatta jI vyAsa kAvyatIrtha, dharmazAstrI kI pavitra smRti meM zraddhAMjali ke rUpa meM samarpita karatA huuN| kAzI gaMgA dazaharA, 2013 bholAzaMkara vyAsa

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viSaya-sUcI pRSTha 34 x 62 6 viSaya viSayaH bhUmikA 17-95 8 smRtyalaGkAraH 1 dIkSita kA aitihAsika paricaya 17-20 9bhrAntyalaGkAraH 2 dIkSita tathA zabdazakti 21-24 | 10 saMdehAlaGkAraH 3 dIkSita tathA kAvya kA 11 apaDutyalaGkAraH vargIkaraNa 24-26 / 12 utprekSAlaGkAraH 4 kuvalayAnaMda ke naye alavAroM 13 atizayoktyalaGkAraH kI samIkSA 26-37 14 tulyayogitAlaGkAraH 5 citramImAMsAgata 12 alahAroM 15 dIpakAlaGkAraH kI mImAMsA 37-60 | 16 zrAvRttidIpakAlaGkAraH 6 kAvya meM alakAroM kA 17 prativastUpamAlaGkAraH sthAna 60-64 18 dRSTAntAlaGkAraH 7 alaGkAroM kA vargIkaraNa 64-68 19 nidarzanAlaGkAraH 8 katipaya pramukha alaGkAroM kA 20 vyatirekAlaGkAraH svarUpa aura paraspara vaiSamya 68-95 21 sahoktyalaGkAraH (kuvalayAnanda) 22 vinoktyalaGkAraH maGgalAcaraNam | 23 samAsoktyalaGkAraH pranyakaraNapratijJA 24 parikarAlaGkAraH 1 upamAlaGkAraH 25 parikarAkurAlaGkAraH 2 ananvayAlaGkAraH 26 zleSAlaGkAraH 3 upameyopamAlaGkAraH 27 aprastutaprazaMsAlaMkAraH 4 pratIpAlaGkAraH 28 prastutAGkurAlaGkAraH 5 rUpakAlaGkAraH 15 | 29 paryAyokAlaGkAraH 6 pariNAmAlaGkAraH 30 vyAjastutyalakAraH 7 ullekhAlaGkAraH 24 | 31 vyAjanindAlahAraH W0 m >> m Am 115 121 128 134

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viSaya 32 AkSepAlaGkAraH 33 virodhAbhAsAlaGkAraH 34 vibhAvanAlaGkAraH 35 vizeSoktyalaGkAraH 36 asaMbhavAlaGkAraH 37 asaMgatyalaGkAraH 38 viSamAlaGkAraH 39 samAlaGkAraH 40 vicitrAlaGkAraH 41 adhikAlaGkAraH 42 alpAlaGkAraH 43 anyonyAlaGkAraH 44 vizeSAlaGkAraH 45 vyAghAtAlaGkAraH 46 kAraNamAlAlaGkAraH 47 ekAvalyalaGkAraH 48 mAlAdIpakAlaGkAraH 49 sArAlaGkAraH 50 yathAsaMkhyAlaGkAraH 51 paryAyAlaGkAraH 52 parivRtyalaGkAraH 53 parisaMkhyAlaGkAraH 54 vikalpAlaGkAraH 55 samuccayAlaGkAraH 56 kArakadIpakAlaGkAraH 57 sUmAdhyalaGkAraH 58 pratyanIkAlaGkAraH ( 2 ) pRSTha 137 141 142 147 148 149 154 160 164 165 167 168 169 172 174 175 176 178 179 180 184 186 187 189 190 191 viSaya 59 arthApattyalaGkAraH 60 kAvyaliGgAlaGkAraH 61 arthAntaranyAsALaGkAraH 62 vikasvarAlaGkAraH 63 prauDhoktyalaGkAraH 64 saMbhAvanAlaGkAraH 65 midhyAdhyavaskhityalaGkAraH 66 lalitAlaGkAraH 67 praharSaNAlaGkAraH 68 viSAdanAlaGkAraH 69 ullAsALaGkAraH 70 avajJAlaGkAraH 71 anujJAlaGkAraH 72 lezAlaGkAraH 73 mudrAlaGkAraH 74 ratnAvalyalaGkAraH 75 tadguNAlaGkAra 76 pUrvarUpAlaGkAraH 77 atadguNAlaGkAraH 78 anuguNAlaGkAraH 79 mIlitAlaGkAraH 80 sAmAnyAlaGkAraH 81 unmIlitALaGkAraH 82 vizeSAGkAraH 83 uttarALaGkAraH 84 sUkSmALaGkAraH 85 pihitAlaGkAraH 3 193 195 201 208 210 211 212 213 219 222 39 226 227 229 232 233 235 236 2.37 239 39 240 243 33 245 248 "

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viSaya 86 vyAjoktyalaGkAraH 87 gUDhoktyalaGkAraH 88 vivRtoktyalaGkAraH 89 yuktyalaGkAraH 90 lokoktyalaGkAraH 91 chekoktyalaGkAraH ( 3 ) pRSTha 249 252 253 256 257 "" 92 bakroktyalaGkAraH 93 svabhAvoktyalaGkAraH 94 bhAvikAlaGkAraH 95 udAttAlaGkAraH 96 pratyuktyalaGkAraH 97 niruktyalaGkAraH 98 pratiSedhAlaGkAraH 99 viSayalaGkAraH 100 hetvalaGkAraH 101 rasavadalaGkAraH 269 102 preyolaGkArasya bhAvAlaGkAratvam 270 103 UrjakhyalaGkAraH 271 104 samAhitAlaGkAraH 272 105 bhAvodayAlaGkAraH 259 260 261 262 " 264 39 265 266 "" viSaya 106 bhAvasaMdhyalaGkAraH 107 bhAvazabalAlaGkAraH 108 pratyakSAlaGkAraH 109 anumAnAlaGkAraH 110 upamAnAlaGkAraH 111 zAbdapramANAlaGkAraH 112 smRtyalaGkAraH 113 zrutyalaGkAraH 114 arthApatyalaGkAraH 115 anupalabdhyalaGkAraH 116 saMbhavAlaGkAraH 117 aitihyAlaGkAraH 118 alaGkArasaMsRSTiH 119 aGgAGgibhAvasaMkaraH 120 samaprAdhAnyasaMkaraH 121 saMdehasaMkarAlaGkAraH 122 ekavAcakAnupraveza saMkaraH 123 saMkarasaMkarAlaGkAraH 124 padyAnukramaNikA pRSTha 273 "9 275. 276 277 278 279 280 282 283 " 284 285 287 289 294 297 302 306

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alaMkArazAstra mai appaya dIkSita kA yoga

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( 1 ) pichale kheve ke una AlaMkArikoM meM, jinhoMne alaMkArazAstra ke vikAsa meM eka nizcita yoga diyA hai, tIna aulika granthakAra tathA tIna prasiddha TIkAkAra haiM / maulika granthakAroM meM adhyaya dIkSita, paMDitarAja jagannAtha tathA vizvezvara paMDita kA nAma liyA jA sakatA hai, tathA TIkAkAroM meM govinda Thakkura. nAgeza bhaTTa evaM vaidyanAtha tatsat kA / yadyapi alaMkArazAstra ke kSetra meM paMDitarAja jagannAtha tathA vizvezvara kA mahattva dIkSita se kahIM adhika hai, kyoMki paMDitarAja ne jisa maulikatA se tattat samasyAoM para vicAra kiyA hai, tathA vizvezvara ne jisa pAMDityapUrNa zailI meM viSaya vivecana upanyasta kiyA hai, vaha dIkSita meM nahIM milate, tathApi dIkSita kA bhI apanA eka sthAna hai, jisakA niSedha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / dIkSita kA vyaktitva eka sarvataMtrasvatantra paMDita kA vyaktitva hai, jisane vedAMta, mImAMsA, vyAkaraNa, sAhityazAstra jaise vividha viSayoM para apanI lekhinI uThAI hai| isa dRSTi se dIkSita kI tulanA nAgeza bhaTTa se kI jA sakatI hai, yadyapi nAgeza kA apanA kSetra vyAkaraNa tathA sAhityazAstra hI rahA hai, tathA unake maulika grantha va TIkAe~ inhIM do zAstroM se sambaddha haiM / dIkSita mUlata: mImAMsaka haiM, to nAgeza mUlataH vaiyAkaraNa | donoM ne apanI sAhityavittA kA paricaya dene ke hI liye alaMkArazAstra para racanAe~ kI haiM / yadyapi dIkSita maulika racanAoM ke lekhaka haiM tathA nAgeza TIkAkAra haiM, tathApi dIkSita ke tInoM granthoM meM maulikatA kA prAyaH abhAva hai, jabaki nAgeza kI TIkAoM - udyota tathA gurumarmaprakAza - meM bhI maulika vicAra bikhare hue haiN| yaha tathya nAgeza tathA dIkSita ke tAratamika mUlya kA saMketa de sakatA hai| dIkSita ne kuvalayAnanda tathA citramImAMsA meM kucha maulika vicAra dene kI ceSTA avazya kI hai, kintu una sabhI maulika udbhAvanAoM kA paMDitarAja ne saphalatApUrvaka khaNDana kiyA hai tathA unakI maulikatA saMdigdha ho uThatI hai / itanA hote hue bhI appaya dIkSita ke granthoM kA do kAraNoM se kama kuvalayAnanda meM unake samaya taka udbhAvita samasta alaMkAroM kA dUsare unakA ullekha sthAna-sthAna para rasagaMgAdhara, alaMkAra kaustuma, mahattva nahIM hai - prathama to unake sAdhAraNa paricaya mila jAtA hai, tathA udyota meM milane ke kAraNa ina granthoM ke adhyetA ke lie dIkSita ke vicAroM ko jAnanA jarUrI ho jAtA hai / appaya dIkSita ke svayaM ke hI grantha se unake samaya kA kucha saMketa milatA hai| kuvalayAnanda ke upasaMhAra meM batAyA gayA hai ki vaha dakSiNa ke kisI rAjA veMkaTa ke lie likhA gayA thA / asuM kuvalayAnandamakarodappadIcitaH / niyogAdveGkaTapaternirupAdhikRpAnidheH // AphrekTa tathA egeliMga ke matAnusAra appaya dIkSita kA AzrayadAtA vijayanagara kA veMkaTa ( 1535 I0 ke lagabhaga ) thA / kintu hutza ke matAnusAra inakA AzrayadAtA pennakoNDA kA rAjA veMkaTa prathama thA, jisake 1586 I0 se 1613 I0 taka ke lekha milate haiN|' 'zivAdityamaNi 1. phreMca vidvAn remo ( Regnand) ne 'rU retorIke saskriti' ( Le Rhetorique Sara nskrit) pR0 375 para appaya dIkSita ko vijayanagara ke kRSNarAja ( 1520 I0 ) kA samasAmayika mAnA hai, jo bhrAMti hai / 2 ku0 bhU0

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[ 18 1 dIpikA' kI puSpikA meM appaya ne cinnavIra ke putra tathA liMgamanAyaka ke pitA, cinnabomma ko apanA AzrayadAtA batAyA hai| cinnabomma velUra kA rAjA thA tathA isake 1549 I0 tathA 1566 I0 ke lekha mile haiN| isa prakAra appaya dIkSita kA racanAkAla moTe taura para 1549 I0 tathA 1613 I0 ke bIca jAna par3atA hai| ataH dIkSita ko solahavIM zatI ke antima caraNa meM rakhanA asaMgata na hogaa| isakI puSTi ina pramANoM se bhI ho jAtI hai ki appaya dIkSita kA ullekha kamalAkara bhaTTa (17 vIM zatI prathama caraNa) ne kiyA hai tathA unhIM dinoM paMDitarAja jagannAtha ne appaya dIkSita kA khaNDana bhI kiyA hai| satarahavIM zatI ke madhyabhAga meM appaya dIkSita ke bhrAtuSpautra nIlakaNTha dIkSita ne citramImAMsAdoSadhikAra kI racanA kara paMDitarAja ke citramImAMsAkhaNDana kA uttara diyA thaa| __ appaya dIkSita ke nAma ke tIna rUpa milate haiM:-appaya dIkSita, appayya dIkSita tathA appa dIkSita / kuvalayAnanda ke Upara uddhata patha meM 'appadIkSita' rUpa milatA hai, para prAyaH isakA appaya tathA appayya rUpa hI dekhA jAtA hai| paMDitarAja ne donoM rUpoM kA prayoga kiyA hai :dekhiye appaya dIkSita (rasagaMgAdhara pR0 14), appayya dIkSita (pR0 210) / vaise citramImAMsA khaNDana kI bhUmikA ke patha meM appaya rUpa hI milatA hai : sUcamaM vibhAgya mayakA samudIritAnAmappayyadIkSitakRtAviha dUSaNAnAm / nirmasaro yadi samudaraNaM vidadhyAdasyAhamujjvalamatezvaraNau vahAmi // (citramImAMsAkhaNDana. kAvyamAlA pR0 123) appaya dIkSita eka sarvazAstrajJa vidvAn the, jinake vividha zAstroM para likhe granthoM kI saMkhyA 104 mAnI jAtI haiN| isase adhika anyakRtiyoM kA patA abhI nahIM lagA hai / varadarAjastava ke kucha pathoM ko to kuvalayAnanda tathA vRttivAttika meM udAhRta kiyA gayA hai / vRttivArtika meM uddhRta viSNustutiparaka kucha padya saMbhavataH isI ke haiN| yadyapi dIkSita ne yaha nahIM kahA hai ki ve isase uddhRta haiN| kuvalayAnanda meM unhoMne spaSTataH 'madIye varadarAjastave' kahakara aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra ke prakaraNa meM tIna padya upasthita kiye haiN| appayya dIkSita ke 104 granthoM meM prasiddha grantha nimna haiM: 1. advaitavedAntaviSayaka 6 grantha :-zrIparimala, siddhAMtalezasaMgraha, vedAMtanakSatravAdAvalI, madhvatantramukhamardanam , madhvamatavidhvaMsanam , nyAyarakSAmaNi / 2. bhaktiviSayaka 26 racanAe~:-zikhariNImAlA, zivatattvaviveka, brahmatarkastava (laghuvivaraNa), Adityastavaratnam tathA isakI vyAkhyA, zivAdvaitavinirNaya, zivadhyAnapaddhati, paJcaratna tathA isakI vyAkhyA, AtmArpaNaM, mAnasollAsa, zivakarNAmRtam, AnandalaharI, candrikA, zivamahimakAli. kAstuti, ratnatrayaparIkSA tathA isakI vyAkhyA, aruNAcalezvarastuti, apItakucAmbAstava, candrakalAstava, zivArkamaNidIpikA, zivapUjAvidhi, nayamaNimAlA tathA isakI vyaakhyaa| 3. rAmAnujamataviSayaka 5 pranya:-nayanamayUkhamAlikA tathA isakI vyAkhyA, zrovedAMtadezikaviracitayAdavAbhyudaya kI vyAkhyA tathA vedAntadezikaviracita pAdukAsahasra kI vyAkhyA evaM vrdraajstv| 4. mAdhvasiddhAMtAnusArI 2 grantha:-nyAyaratnamAlA tathA isakI vyaakhyaa| 5myAkaraNaviSayaka grnth:-nksstrvaadaavlii| 6. pUrvamImAMsAzAsa para 2 pranya:-nakSatravAdAvalI tathA vidhirasAyanam / . .. alaMkArazAsana para 3 grantha:-vRttivArtika, citramImAMsA tathA kuvalayAnanda /

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[16] appaya dIkSita mUlataH mImAMsaka evaM vedAMtI haiN| unakA nimna padya tathA usakI kuvalayAnanda kI vRtti meM kI gaI vyAkhyA appaya dIkSita ke tadviSayaka pAMDityakA saMketa kara sakate haiM: Azritya nUnamamRtadyutayaH padaM te dehasayopanatadigyapadAbhimukhyAH / lAvaNyapuNyanicayaM suhRdi vadAsye vinyasya yAMti mihiraM pratimAsabhivAH / / (kuvalayAnanda pR0 109) ___ jahA~ taka dIkSita ke sAhityazAstrIya pAMDitya kA prazna hai, inameM koI maulikatA nahIM dikhAI detii| kyA kuvalayAnanda, kyA citramImAMsA, kyA vRttivArtika tInoM granthoM meM dIkSita kA saMgrAhaka rUpa hI adhika spaSTa hotA hai| vaise jahA~ kahIM dikSita ne maulikatA batAne kI ceSTA kI hai ve asaphala hI hue haiM tathA unheM paMDitarAja ke kaTu AkSepa sahane par3e haiN| paMDitarAja hI nahIM alaMkArakaustubhakAra vizvezvara ne bhI apyaya dIkSita ke kaI matoM kA khaMDana kiyA hai / appaya dIkSita ke ina tIna granthoM meM vRttivArtika tathA citramImAMsA donoM grantha adhUre hI milate haiM / ina donoM granthoM meM pradarzita vicAroM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa hama bhUmikA ke AgAmI pRSThoM meM deMge vRttivArtika meM kevala abhidhA tathA lakSaNA zakti kA vivecana pAyA jAtA hai| citramImAMsA utprekSAnta milatI hai, kucha pratiyoM meM atizayokti kA bhI adhUrA prakaraNa milatA hai| appaya dIkSita ke alaMkAra saMbaMdhI vicAroM ke kAraNa alaMkArazAstra meM eka nayA vAda-vivAda uTha khar3A huA hai| paMDitarAja ne rasagaMgAdhara meM dIkSita ke vicAroM kA kasa kara khaNDana kiyA hai tathA unheM ruyyaka evaM jayaratha kA nakalacI ghoSita kiyA hai| itanA hI nahIM, becAre appaya dIkSita kI gAliyAM taka sunAI hai| vyAjastuti ke prakaraNa meM to appaya dIkSita ko mahAmUrkha tathA , baila taka batAte hue paMDitarAja kahate haiM:-'upAlambharUpAyA nindAyA anutthAnApatteH pratItivirodhAceti sahRdayairAkalanIyaM kimuktaM drviddpuNgveneti|(rsgNgaadhr pR0 563) appaya dIkSita tathA paMDitarAja ke paraspara vaimanasya kI kaI kiMvadaMtiyA~ prasiddha haiM, jinake vivaraNa meM hama nahIM jAnA cAhate / sunA jAtA hai ki yavanI ko rakhaila rakhane ke kAraNa paMDitarAja ko jAtibahiSkRta karane meM dIkSita hI pramukha kAraNa the| ataH paMDitarAja ne dIkSita ke usa vyavahAra kA uttara gAliyoM se diyA hai| kucha bhI ho, paMDitarAja jaise mahApaMDita ke lie isa prakAra kI bhASA kA prayoga karanA ThIka hai yA nahIM, isa para vidvAn hI nirNaya de sakate haiN| apyaya dIkSita ke vicAroM kA khaNDana eka dUsare AlaMkArika ne bhI kiyA thA-ye haiM bhImasena dIkSita / bhImasena dIkSita ne apanI kAvyaprakAza kI TIkA sudhAsAgara meM batAyA hai ki unhoMne 'kuvalayAnandakhaNDana' nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI thI, jisameM apyaya dIkSita ke matoM kA khaNDana rahA hogaa| yaha grantha upalabdha nahIM hai| kuvalayAnanda para dasa TIkAoM kA patA calatA hai, jo nimna haiN| inameM tIna TIkAyeM prakAzita ho cukI haiN| (1) rasikaraMjanITIkA:-isake lekhaka gaMgAdhara vAjapeyI yA gaMgAdharAdhvarI hai| isane apyaya dIkSita ko apane pitAmaha ke bhAI kA guru ( asmapitAmahasahodaradezikeMdra) kahA hai| gaMgAdhara taMjaura ke rAjA zAha jI ( 1684-1711 I.) ke Azraya meM thaa| yaha TIkA hAkAsya nAtha kI TippaNI ke sAtha kuMbhakoNam se san 1892 meM prakAzita huI hai| kuvalayAnanda ke pATha ke lie yaha TIkA prAmANika mAnI jAtI hai|

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( 2 ) vaidyanAtha tatsat kRta TIkA hai, jo kaI bAra chapa cukI hai| [20] alaMkAra candrikA :- yaha kuvalayAnanda para prasiddha upalabdha (3) alaMkAradIpikA :- isake racayitA AzAdhara haiM, jinakI eka anya kRti 'triveNikA ' pro0 0 baTukanAtha zarmA ke saMpAdana meM prakAzita ho cukI hai| AzAdhara kI dIpikA TIkA kuvalayAnanda ke kevala kArikA bhAga para hai, AzAdhara ne kuvalayAnanda ke vRttibhAga tathA udAharaNoM kI vyAkhyA nahIM kI hai / (4,5 ) alaMkArasudhA tathA viSamapadavyAkhyAnapaTpadAnaMda :- ye donoM TIkAyeM prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa nAgobI bhaTTa kI likhI haiM, jinhoMne kAvyaprakAzapradIpa, rasagaMgAdhara, rasamaMjarI tathA rasataraMgiNI para bhI TIkAyeM likhI haiN| pahalI TIkA hai, dUsarI TIkA meM kuvalayAnanda ke kevala viSama ( jaTila ) padoM kA vyAkhyAna hai / donoM ke uddharaNa sTena kono ke keTaloga meM milate haiM / prAyaH ina donoM TIkAoM ko eka samajha liyA gayA hai / (6) kAvyamaMjarI : - isake racayitA nyAyavAgIza bhaTTAcArya the / (7) mathurAnAtha kRta kuvalayAnandaTIkA / (8) kuvalayAnanda TippaNa :- isaka racayitA kuravIrAma haiM, jinhoMne vizvaguNAdarza tathA dazarUpaka kI bhI TokA kI hai| (9) ladhvalaMkAracandrikA :- isake racayitA devIdatta haiM / (10) budharaMjanI : - isake racayitA veMgalasUri haiN| yaha vastutaH candrAloka ke arthAlaMkAra bAle paMcama mayUkha kI TIkA hai, jisake sAtha appaya dIkSita ke kuvalayAnanda kI TIkA bhI kI gaI hai / citramImAMsA para tIna TIkArya hai :- dharAnaMda kI prudhA, bAlakRSNa pAyaguNDa kI gUDhArthaprakA zikA tathA ajJAta lekhaka kI citrAloka nAmaka TIkA / vRttivArtika para koI TIkA upalabdha nahIM hai / kuvalayAnanda ke kevala kArikAbhAga kA jarmana anuvAda Ara0 zmidUta ne barlina se 1907 meM prakAzita karAyA thA tathA isI aMza kA aMgrejI anuvAda subrahmaNya zarmA ne isase bhI pahale 1903 meM prakAzita kiyA thA / ( 2 ) appaya dIkSita ne alaMkAroM ke atirikta zabdazakti tathA kAvya-bheda ke viSaya meM bhI vicAra kiyA hai / yadyapi dIkSita kI isa mImAMsA meM koI navIna kalpanA nahIM milatI, tathApi sAhityazAstra ke jizzAsu ke lie inakA isalie mahattva hai ki appaya dIkSita ne apane pUrva ke AcAryoM ke mata ko lekara usakA suMdara pallavana kiyA hai / jaisA ki hama batA cuke haiM bAda ke prAyaH sabhI AlaMkArikoM ne dhvanisiddhAMta ko mAnyatA de dI hai| dIkSita ke upajIvya jayadeva svayaM bhI candrAloka meM vyaJjanA vRtti' tathA dhvani kA vivecana karate haiM / saptama tathA aSTama mayUkha meM candrAlokakAra ne vyazanA, dhvani tathA guNIbhUtavyaMgya kA varNana dhvanivAdiyoM ke hI siddhAntoM kA sahArA lekara kiyA hai| appaya dIkSita ne candrAlokakAra kI bhA~ti kAvya ke samasta 1. sAMmukhyaM vidadhAnAyAH sphuTamarthAntare giraH / kaTAkSa iva lolAkSyA vyApArau vyaJjanAtmakaH / ( candrAloka 7-2 )

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[21] upakaraNoM kA varNana nahIM kiyA hai| unakA lakSya pramukha rUpa se alaMkAroM taka hI rahA hai, para tivArtika tathA citramImAMsA ke prastAvanAbhAga meM kramazaH zabdazakti tathA kAvya ke dhvani, guNIbhUtavyaMgya evaM citrakAvya nAmaka bhedoM kA saMketa avazya milatA hai / appaya dIkSita tathA zabdazakti : - vRttivArtika meM appaya dIkSita kI yojanA abhiSA, lakSaNA tathA vyaMjanA para vizada vicAra karane kI thI, kintu prastuta grantha kevala prathama do zaktiyoM para hI milatA hai / lakSaNA ke prakaraNa ke sAtha hI yaha choTA-sA grantha samApta ho jAtA hai| vRttivArtika ke prastAvanA zlokoM se patA calatA hai ki dIkSita vyaJjanA para bhI vicAra karanA cAhate hoMge / ' prastuta grantha adhUrA kyoM raha gayA isake bAre meM kucha jJAta nahIM, kintu yaha nizcita hai ki appaya dIkSita ne vRttivArtika tathA citramImAMsA donoM granthoM ko pUrA likhA hI na thA / vRttivArtika kA AraMbha abhidhA zakti ke prasaMga se hotA hai / sarvaprathama apane nizcita saMketita artha kI pratIti artha vAcyArtha yA mukhyArthaM kahalAtA hai| isa prakAra ke hI 'abhidhA' kahA jAtA hai, abhiyA kA dUsarA nAma hai ki zabda meM apane saMketita artha ko dyotita karane kI kA sanniveza, naiyAyikoM ke matAnusAra IzvarecchA ke 'amuka zabda se amuka artha kA grahaNa karanA cAhie' isa saMketa kI sRSTi karatA hai, jahA~ taka pAribhASika zabdoM kA prazna hai, unameM saMketa ko kalpanA zAstrakArAdikRta hotI hai| dIkSita ne isIlie abhidhA kI paribhASA yaha do hai ki vahA~ zakti ( mukhyAvRtti ) se pratipAdita karane vAlA ( pratipAdaka ) vyApAra pAyA jAtA hai / hama dekhate haiM ki koI bhI zabda karAtA hai| zabda kA yaha nizcita saMketita mukhyArtha kI pratIti karAne vAle vyApAra ko 'zakti' bhI hai| zakti isakA nAma isalie kSamatA hotI hai / saMketa kI isa zakti anusAra hotA hai / Izvara hI sarvaprathama zaktyA pratipAdakatvamabhidhA // dIkSita kI yaha paribhASA ThIka nahIM jAna par3atI, zabda vyApAra ke nAma haiM, aisI sthiti meM 'zakti ke kyoMki zakti tathA abhidhA donoM eka hI dvArA pratipAdaka honA abhidhA hai' yaha vAkya abhidhA hai' isa artha kI pratIti karAtA hai / dUsare zabdoM meM 'abhivA ke dvArA pratipAdaka honA ataH abhidhA kI paribhASA meM yaha kahanA ki 'jahA~ abhidhA se artha pratIti ho, vahA~ abhidhA hogI' kucha vicitra-sA lagatA hai| vastutaH yaha paribhASA duSTa hai| tabhI to paMDitarAja ne isa paribhASA kA khaMDana karate hue batAyA hai ki appaya dIkSita ko abhidhA kI paribhASA asaMgata hai| hama dekhate haiM ki abhidhA ke dvArA kisI zabdavizeSa se sAkSAt saMketita kisI arthavizeSa kA jJAna hotA hai, isa prakAra dIkSita ke lakSaNa meM prayukta 'pratipAdaka' zabda kA tAtparya hai usa jJAna kA hetu honA / yaha 'pratipAdakatva' vastutaH zabda meM vidyamAna hotA hai, to kyA hameM kisI zabda meM pratipAdakatva hai itane se jJAna se arthaM pratIti ho jAtI hai ? yadi aisA hotA ho, to phira 'pratipAdakatva midhA' jaisA lakSaNa banAnA ThIka hogaa| yadi nahIM, to 'pratipAdakatva' kA artha yaha liyA jAya ki jisa vyApAra se aisA lakSaNa kyoM banAyA gayA ? yadi vaisA jJAna ho sake ( pratipattyanukUla ) 1. vRttayaH kAvyasaraNAvalaMkAraprabandhRbhiH / abhidhA lakSaNA vyaktiriti tisro nirUpitAH // tatra kvacitkvacidvRddhairvizeSAnasphuTIkRtAn / niSTaMkayitumasmAbhiH kriyate vRptivArtikam // ( vRtivArtika pR0 10 )

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[ 22 ] vaha amidhA vyApAra hai, to phira vaha vyApAra jJAta hone para hI vAcyArtha kI pratIti karAne meM samartha hogaa| isIlie paMDitarAja abhidhA kI paribhASA meM isa bAta kA saMketa kara denA Avazyaka samajhate haiM ki vaha artha kA zabda ke sAtha, tathA zabda kA artha ke sAtha sthApita saMbaMdhavizeSa hai| isa saMbaMdha ko zakti bhI kahA jAtA hai| zaktyAkhyo'rthasya zabdagataH, zabdasyArthagato vA saMbaMdhavizeSo'bhidhA / (rasagaMgAdhara pR0176) ___ abhidhAzakti ko tIna taraha kA mAnA hai :-rUDhi, yoga tathA yogarUDhi / rUDhi vahA~ hotI hai, jahA~ koI zamda akhaNDa zakti ke dvArA hI kisI artha kI pratIti kraaye|' bhAva yaha hai, jahA~ samasta zabda kI akhaNDa zakti usa zabda ke avayavoM ke alaga-alaga artha kA bodhana karAye binA hI akhaNDArtha pratIti karAtI ho, vahAM rUDhi ( abhidhA) hotI hai| abhidhA kA dUsarA prakAra yoga hai / jahA~ koI pada kevala avayavazakti ke hI dvArA samasta pada ke eka artha kI pratIti karAye, vahA~ yoga abhidhA hotI hai| tIsarA prakAra yogarUDhi hai| yahA~ pada kI avayavazakti tathA samudAya. zakti donoM kI apekSA hotI hai tathA unakI sammilita zakti se pada ke artha kI pratipatti hotI hai|' appaya dIkSita ne ina tInoM prakAroM ke aneka udAharaNa dekara inheM spaSTa kiyA hai| isI saMbaMdha meM dIkSita ne batAyA hai ki kabhI-kabhI kisI yogarUDha pada kA prayoga hone para bhI usakI zakti avayavArtha hI meM niyantrita ho jAtI hai, taba ukta artha kI pratIti karAne ke lie punaH samudAyArthavAcaka rUDha pada kA prayoga karanA par3atA hai| jaise 'kayAM harasyApi pinAkapANeryacyuti ke mama dhanvino'nye' isa padya meM 'pinAkapANi' yogarUDhapada hai, avayavazakti se isakA artha hai 'pinAka ko hAtha meM dhAraNa karane vAlA', samudAyazakti se rasakA artha hai 'shiv'| isa prakAra yahA~ yogarUDhi hone para bhI 'pinAkapANi' pada kevala avayavArtha kI pratIti meM hI niyaMtrita ho gayA hai, kyoMki yahA~ kavi kA bhAva yaha hai ki 'pinAka dhanuSa bar3A sAmarthyazAlI hai, aise dhanuSa ko jo vyakti dhAraNa karatA hai, vaha kitanA sAmarthyazAlI hogaa'| jaba 'pinAkapANi' pada isa taraha niyaMtrita ho gayA hai to vaha 'vizeSaNa' bhara ho gayA hai, 'vizeSya' ke rUpa meM 'ziva' kI pratIti nahIM karA pAtA / ataH kavi ko punaH samudAyazakti (rUDhi) se 'ziva' kI pratIti karAne vAle 'harasya' pada kA prayoga karanA par3A hai| isa prasaMga meM dIkSita ne yogarUDha padoM ke prayoga ke vividha udAharaNa dekara apavAda sthaloM kI mImAMsA kI hai| yahIM dIkSita ne yaha bhI batAyA hai ki 'paGkaja' pada kA 'kamala' artha lene para naiyAyika yahA~ lakSaNA zakti mAnate haiM, kyoMki 'paMkaja' kA vAcyArtha to 'kIcar3a meM utpanna hone vAlA' hai,| jisameM kumudinI Adi bhI A jAte haiN| yaha kAraNa hai ki naiyAyika yahA~ rUDhi yA yoga nahIM mAnate / dIkSita yahA~ 'abhidhA' zakti hI mAnate haiN| isake bAda dIkSita ne 'saMyogAdi' abhidhAniyAmakoM kA saMketa kiyA hai, jinake dvArA anekArtha zabdoM kI abhidhA kisI eka artha meM niyantrita ho jAtI hai| isa saMbaMdha meM eka mahattvapUrNa zAstrIya prazna upasthita hotA hai| dvayarthaka padoM kA prayoga hone para kabhI to yaha sthiti hotI hai ki kavi kevala eka hI artha kI pratIti ke lie unakA prayoga karatA hai, saMyogAdi ke kAraNa amidhA zakti kevala usI artha meM niyaMtrita ho jAtI hai, ataH aisI sthiti meM to dUsare artha kI 1. rasagaMgAdhara pR0 177. 2. akhaNDazaktimAtreNaikArthapratipAdakatvaM rUDhiH / ( vRttivArtika pR0 1, 3. avayavazaktimAtrasApekSaM padasyaikArthapratipAdakatvaM yogaH / ( vRttivAtika pR0 2) 4. avayavasamudAyomayazaktisApekSamekArthapratipAdakatvaM yogarUDhiH / ( vahI pR0 3)

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[ 23 udbhAvanA taka kA savAla paidA nahIM hotA, zrotA ko 'saMyogAdi ke kAraNa kevala vivakSita artha kI hI upasthiti hogI, avivakSita artha kI nhiiN| kintu kabhI-kabhI kavi tharthaka padoM kA prayoga kimI khAsa kAraNa se karatA hai, usakI vivakSA donoM arthoM meM hotI hai| aisI sthiti meM bhI donoM arthoM meM tIna taraha kA saMbaMdha pAyA jAtA hai : (1) yA to donoM artha samAna mahattva ke hote haiM, donoM prAkaraNika hote haiN| (2) yA donoM artha aprAkaraNika hote haiM tathA kavi kisI anya prAkaraNika ke upamAna ke rUpa meM una donoM kA prayoga karatA hai| (3)yA ina arthoM meM eka prAkaraNika hotA hai, manya aprAkaraNika tathA unameM paraspara upamAnopa. meya bhAva kI vivakSA pAI jAtI hai| prazna hotA hai, kyA ina arthoM kI pratIti abhidhA hI karAtI hai ? jahA~ taka prathama evaM dvitIya sthiti kA prazna hai, kisI vivAda kI gujAyaza hI nahIM, kyoMki vahA~ donoM pakSoM meM 'saMyogAdi' ke dvArA 'amidhA' zakti kA vyApAra pAyA jAtA hai| ataH vahA~ donoM prAkaraNika artha yA donoM aprAkaraNika artha vAcyArtha hI hoNge| yahI kAraNa hai ki yahA~ sabhI vidvAn zleSa alaMkAra mAnate haiN| kiMtu kyA usa sthala para jahA~ eka artha prAkaraNika hai tathA anya aprAkaraNika, donoM artha vAcyArtha haiM ? kyA yahA~ bhI zleSa alaMkAra hai ? isa prazna kA uttara dete samaya AlaMkArika do daloM meM ba~Ta jAte haiN| abhinavagupta, mammaTa, vizvanAtha Adi zuddha dhvanivAdiyoMke matAnusAra yahA~ prAkaraNika artha hI vAcyArtha hai, kyoMki mabhidhA zakti usI artha meM niyaMtrita hotI hai| usake niyaMtrita ho jAne para bhI jisa aprAkaraNika artha kI pratIti hotI hai, vaha abhidhA se nahIM ho sakatI, kyoMki abhidhA kA vyApAra samApta ho cukA hai, ataH yahA~ vyajanA vRtti mAnanI pdd'egii| phalataH aprAkaraNika artha vyaMgyAtha hai, vAcyArtha nhiiN| ataH yahA~ zleSa alaMkAra bhI nahIM ho makegA, apitu zabdazaktimUlaka dhvani pAI jAtI hai| (mammaTAdi ke mata ke lie de0-TippaNI pR0 100-101) ___ dIkSita ko yaha mata mAnya nhiiN| vRttivArtika meM dIkSita ne vistAra se vyajanAvAdI ke mata kA khaMDana karate hue isa mata kI sthApanA kI hai ki isa sthala para bhI donoM (prAkaraNika tathA aprAkaraNika ) artha vAcyArtha hI hai, hA~ unameM paraspara upamAnopameyabhAva sthApita karane vAlA alaMkAra avazya vyaMgyArtha mAnA jA sakatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki dIkSita yahA~ bhI zleSa alaMkAra mAnate haiN| dIkSita ne batAyA hai ki prAkaraNika artha meM eka abhidhA ke niyantrita hone para rilaSTa zabda aprAkaraNika artha kI pratIti abhidhA se na karAte hoM, aisA nahIM hai, apitu ve donoM arthoM kI pratIti abhidhA se hI karAte haiM : 'tadrItyA na kathaMcidapi prakaraNAprakaraNAdiniyamanaM zakyazaGkam / tasmAt prastutAprastu. tobhayapare'pi prastutAprastutobhayavAcyArthe'bhidhaiva vRttiH| (vRttivArtika pR0 15) ___ isa saMbaMdha meM dIkSita ne isa bAta kA bhI saMketa kiyA hai ki prAcIna AlaMkArikoM ne isa sthala para zAbdI vyaJjanA tathA dhvani kyoM mAnI hai ? vastutaH prAcIna AlaMkArikoM kA yaha abhiprAya nahIM hai ki donoM artha vAcyArtha nahIM hai, ve kevala isa bAta kA saMketa karanA cAhate haiM ki aise sthaloM para sadA upamAdi arthAlaMkAra kI vyaJjanA avazya pAI jAtI hai aura usa aMza meM sadA dhvanitva hotA hai| unakA bhAva yaha kabhI nahIM hai ki aprAkaraNika artha meM bhI vyajanA vyApAra pAyA jAtA hai|

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[ 24 ] yattu prAcAmaprastute zaktimUlavyaJjanavRtyabhidhAnam, tadaprastutArthapratItimUlake yathA 'udayamArUtAH' ityAdivizeSaNaviziSTaH pRthivIpatiH svalpardhinerlokasya hRdayaM rakSayati, evaM sathAbhUtazcandramA mRdulaiH kiraNaiH, ityAdirUpeNa pratIyamAne upamAdyAlaGkAre tadavazyaMbhAvarUDhIkaraNAbhiprAyeNa / na tu tatrApi vastuto vyAnanyApArAstitvAbhiprAyeNa / ' (vRttivAtika pR0 16) ___ abhiyA ke vAda dIkSita ne lakSaNAzakti para vicAra kiyA hai| sarvaprathama dIkSita ne gauNI lakSaNA se sarvathA bhinna zakti mAnane vAle mImAMsakoM kA khaMDana kiyA hai tathA isa gata kI sthApanA kI hai ki sAdRzya bhI eka prakAra kA saMbaMdha hone ke kAraNa gauNI kA samAveza lakSaNA meM hI ho jAtA hai| sarvaprathama lakSaNA ke do bheda kie gaye haiM :-gauNI tathA zuddhA / isake bAda rUDhimatI tathA prayojanavatI ye do bheda kiye gaye haiM, jinheM dIkSita ne nirUDhalakSaNA tathA phalalakSaNA kahA hai| kalalakSaNA ke dIkSita ne sAta bheda mAne haiM:-(1) jahallakSaNA, (2) ajahallakSaNA (3) jahadajahallakSaNA, (4) sAropA, (5) sAdhyavasAnA, (6) zuddhA tathA (7) gauNI / jahallakSaNA tathA ajahallakSaNA ko hI mammaTAdi lakSaNalakSaNA tathA upAdAnalakSaNA kahate haiN| jahadajahallakSaNA kA saMketa mammaTAdi meM nahIM miltaa| vedAMtiyoM ne 'tattvamasi' 'so'yaM devadattaH' meM isa lakSaNAbheda ko mAnA hai, jise ve bhAgalakSaNA bhI kahate hai| dIkSita ne vRttivArtika meM isake udAharaNa 'grAmo dagdhaH,' 'puSpitaM vanam' diye hai| jaba gA~va ke kisI hisse meM bhAga laga jAne para hama kahate haiM 'gA~va jala gayA' to yahA~ jahadajaharulakSaNA hI hai, kyoMki 'grAma' pada ke eka aMza kA hama grahaNa karate haiM, eka aMza kA tyAga kara dete haiN| isI taraha bana ke kucha bhAga ke puSpita hone para 'vana puSpita ho gayA' kahane meM bhI yahI lakSaNA hogii| dIkSita ne batAyA hai ki gauNI meM kevala sAropA tathA sAdhyavasAnA ye do hI bheda hote haiM, jabaki zuddhA meM jahallakSaNA, ajaharulakSaNA, jahadajahallakSaNA, sAropA tathA sAdhyavasAnA ye pA~ca bheda hote haiN| isa taraha lakSaNA ke sAta bheda hoNge| kucha loga gauNI meM bhI jahallakSaNAdi bheda mAnate haiN| dIkSita isa mata se sahamata nahIM tathA isa mata kA khaNDana karate haiN| (de0 vRttivArtika pR0 22) / appaya dIkSita aura kAmya kA vargIkaraNa:-dIkSita ne mammaTAdi ke anusAra hI kAvya tIna prakAra kA mAnA hai, dhvani, guNIbhUtanyaMga tathA citrakAvya / citramImAMsA ke prastAvanA bhAga meM dIkSita ne tInoM prakAra ke kAvyoM kA atisaMkSipta ullekha kiyA hai| arthacitra kA prapaMca Arambha karane ke lie kAvya ke isa trividha vargIkaraNa kA saMketa kara denA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| isIlie prasaMgavaza dIkSita dhvani tathA guNIbhUta vyaMga kA bhI kucha saMketa kara dete haiM / isa saMbaMdha meM dIkSita kI nijI mAnyatAeM kucha nahIM jAna par3atoM ve prAcIna dhvanivAdI AcAryoM kA hI anusaraNa karate haiN| _dIkSita ne dhvanikAvya vahA~ mAnA hai, jahA~ kAvyavAkyaM kA vyaMgyArtha vAcyArtha se utkRSTa ho| (batra vANyAvizAyi myaMgyaM sa dhvani:-citra0 pR0 1) isake tIna udAharaNa diye gaye haiM, jinameM dimAtra udAharaNa yaha hai : sthitapaNaM pacmasu tADitAdharAH payodharosepanipAtacUrNitAH / balI tasyAH skhalitA prapedire cireNa nAmi prathamodaviMdavaH //

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[ 25 ] 'kSaNa bhara ke lie pArvatI kI saghana varauniyoM para Thahare hue, usake oTha para girakara bAda meM unnata payodhara para girane se cUrNa vicarNa prathama varSAviMdu usake trivali para luDhaka kara bahuta dera meM nAkara nAbhi meM pahu~ca gye|' isa pada meM kavi ne varSAviMduoM kI gati ke dvArA eka ora pArvatI ke tattadaMgoM kI sundaratAbarauniyoM kI saghanatA, adhara kI komalatA, payodhara kI kaThinatA, trivali kI taraMgamayatA tathA nAbhi kI gambhIratA-kI vyaMjanA karAI hai, dUsarI ora prathama vRSTi ke samaya bhI pArvatI kI samAdhi nizcala banI rahatI hai, isakI bhI vyaMjanA karAI hai| yahA~ vyaMgyArtha vAcyArtha se utkRSTa hone ke kAraNa dhvani kAvya hai| dhvani kAvya kA eka anya udAharaNa 'niHzeSAcyutacaMdanaM' Adi prasiddha papa diyA gayA hai, jisakI vyAkhyA karate samaya dIkSita ne isa taraha vivecanA kI hai ki alaMkAra granthoM meM eka vivAda khar3A ho gayA hai| dIkSita ne jisa DhaMga se isa paca kI vyAkhyA kI hai usa DhaMga se vyaMgyArtha vAcyArtha kA upaskAraka bana baiThatA hai tathA ukta patha meM dhvani kAvya na rahakara guNIbhUtavyaMgya ho jAtA hai| paMDitarAja ne dIkSita kI isa vyAkhyA kA khaNDana kiyA hai tathA ukta padya kI yathocita vyAkhyA kI hai| ( isake lie de0 citra0 pR0 3. tathA rasagaMgAdhara pR0 15-19) / guNIbhUta vyaMgya kAvya vahA~ hotA hai, jahAM vyaMgyArtha vAcyArtha se utkRSTa nahIM hotA / (yatra myaMgyaM vAgyAnatizAyi tadguNIbhUtamyaMgyam |-citr0 pR0 4) isake do udAharaNa diye gaye haiN| eka udAharaNa yaha hai : praharaviratau madhye vAhastato'pi pare'thavA kimuta sakale yAte vAti priya svamihaiSyasi / iti dinazataprApyaM dezaM priyasya yiyAsato harati gamanaM bAlAlApaiH sbaasspgljjlaiH|| 'he priya tuma eka pahara bAda lauTa Avoge nA ? madhyAha meM to A jAvoge nA ? aparAha meM to avazya.A hI jAvoge nA ? athavA zAma taka sUrya ke chipane taka lauTa Avoge ?-isa taraha ke vacanoM ko kahatI priyA bahuta dUra ( saikar3oM dina meM prApya ) deza jAne ke lie udyata priya ke gamana ko A~khoM se AMsU girAtI roka rahI hai|' dIkSita ke matAnusAra yahA~ guNIbhUta vyaMgya kAvya hai| isakA vyaMgyArtha hai-'maiM dina ke bAda prANoM ko nahIM roka sakU~gI' aura vAcyArtha hai priya gamana kA nivAraNa / ukta vyaMgyArtha yahA~ vAcyArtha kA upaskAraka hai, ataH yaha guNIbhUtavyaMgya kAvya hai / paMDitarAja ne dIkSita kI isa vyAkhyA kA bhI khaMDana kiyA hai| ve yahA~ dhvanikAvya mAnate haiM, kyoMki isa patra meM vipralaMbhazRGgAra rUpa asaMlakSyakrama vyaMgya dhvani vidyamAna hai, jo ukta vAcyArtha se utkRSTa hai| ataH yahA~ madhyama kAvya mAnanA dIkSita kI asahRdayatA hai / paMDitarAja kA mata vizeSa samIcIna hai| tIsarA kAvya citrakAvya hai| 'jahA~ avyaMgya (kiMcit vyaMgyArtha) hote hue bhI vAcyArtha sundara ho, vahA~ citrakAvya hotA hai| (yadavyaMgyamapi cAru taccitram |-citr0 pR05) isake tIna prakAra hote haiM:-1. zabdacitra arthAt zabdAlaMkAra pradhAna kAvya, 2. arthacitra arthAt arthAlaMkAra pradhAna kAvya, 3. ubhayacitra arthAt zabdArthobhayAlaMkAra pradhAna kAvya / dIkSita ne ina tInoM kA eka eka udAharaNa diyA hai| dilamAtra ke lie umayacitra kAvya kA udAharaNa nimna hai:

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[ 26 ] barAhaH kalyANaM vitaratu sa vaH kalpavirame, vinirdhanvanaudanvatamudakamumudavahat / khurApAtatruvyarakulazikharikUTapraviluTha chilAkoTisphoTasphuTaghaTitamaMgalyapaTahaH / pralayakAla meM samudra ke jala ko hilAte, pRthvI ko dhAraNa karate, ve varAha bhagavAn ; jinake khurapuToM kI coTa se kulaparvatoM kI coTiyoM kI zilAoM ke agrabhAga ke cUrNa vicUrNa hone se maMgalapaTaha kI dhvani paidA kI gaI hai ; Apa logoM ko kalyANa pradAna kreN| isa patha meM eka aura anuprAsa nAmaka zabdAlaMkAra hai, dUsarI ora nidarzanA nAmaka arthAlaMkAra / ataH yaha ubhayacitra kAvya hai| yadyapi isa padya meM kavi kA varAhaviSayaka ratibhAva (vyaMgyArtha) vyaMjita hotA hai, tathApi vaha nagaNya hai tathA vAstavika cArutA ukta alaMkAroM kI hI hai / ataH vAcyArtha pradhAna hone ke kAraNa yaha citrakAvya hai| appaya dIkSita ke kuvalayAnanda kA alaMkArazAstra ke itihAsa meM eka mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| isa grantha meM appaya dIkSita ke pUrva ke prAyaH sabhI AlaMkArikoM ke dvArA udbhAvita alaMkAroM kA vivecana pAyA jAtA hai / kuvalayAnanda meM lagabhaga 133 alaMkAroM kA vivaraNa pAyA jAtA hai, jisameM candrAlokakAra jayadeva ke dvArA nirdiSTa sabhI arthAlaMkAra A jAte haiN| dIkSita ne jayadeva yA zobhAkara Adi kI bhA~ti kuvalayAnanda meM zamdAlaMkAroM kA vivaraNa nahIM diyA hai| na inakA vicAra citramImAMsA meM hI kiyA gayA hai / citramImAMsA meM dIkSita ne batAyA hai ki zabdacitra kAvya-zabdAlaMkArapradhAna kAvya-nIrasa hotA hai, ataH kavigaNa use vizeSa Adara kI dRSTi se nahI dekhate, sAtha hI zabdAlaMkAroM ke saMbaMdha meM vizeSa vicAraNIya viSaya bhI nahIM hai, isaliye hamane zabdAlaMkAroM ko chor3akara yahA~ (citramImAMsA meM ) kevala arthAlaMkAroM kI vistRta mImAMsA karane kA upakrama kiyA hai| ___ 'zabdacitrasya prAyo nIrasatvAcAtyantaM tadAdriyante kavayaH, na vA tantra vicAraNIyamatIvopalabhyata iti zabdacitrAMzamapahAyAcitramImAMsA prasannavistIrNA prstuuyte|' (citramImAMsA pR05) jaisA ki prasiddha hai kuvalayAnanda ke arthAlaMkAra vicAra kA upajIvya candrAloka kA arthAlaMkAra prakaraNa hai| appaya dIkSita ne jayadeva ke hI lakSyalakSaNa ilokoM ko lekara unapara apanA nijI pallavana kiyA hai / jayadeva kA candrAloka anuSTupa chanda meM likhA grantha hai, jisake pUrvArdha meM lakSaNa tathA uttarArdha meM lakSya ( udAharaNa ) pAyA jAtA hai| candrAloka ke paMcama mayUkha meM jayadeva ne 104 alaMkAroM kA vicAra kiyA hai, jinameM 8 zabdAlaMkAra haiM-chekAnuprAsa, vRttyanuprAsa, lATAnuprAsa, sphuTAnuprAsa, arthAnuprAsa, punaruktapratIkAza, yamaka tathA citraalngkaar| isake bAda 96 arthAlaGkAroM kA vivecana pAyA jAtA hai| kuvalayAnandakAra ne ina alaGkAroM meM se kaI ke naye bhedoM kI kalpanA kI hai tathA inase itara 17 naye alaGkAroM kA saMketa kiyA hai| pariziSTa meM appaya dIkSita ne 7 rasavadAdi alaGkAroM tathA 10 pramANAalaGkAroM ko bhI alaGkAra koTi meM mAnA hai / candrAlokakAra ne bhI sAta rasavadAdi alaGkAroM kA saMketa kiyA hai, para ve ise dUsaroM kA mata batAte haiM / jisase patA calatA hai, jaya deva ko inakA alaGkAratva amISTa nhiiN|

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[27] rasavatpreyaUrjasvisamAhitamayAbhidhAH / bhAvAnAmudayaH sandhiH zabalatvamiti trayaH // alaMkArAnimAn sapta kecidAhurmanISiNaH // (candrAloka 5.118) jayadeva ne pratyakSAdi 10 pramANoM ko alaGkAra nahIM mAnA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki dIkSita jayade ke atirikta anya AlaGkArikoM ke bhI RNI haiN| dIkSita ne khAsa taura para cAra AlaGkArikoM ke vicAroM se lAbha uThAyA hai :- bhojarAja, ruyyaka, jayadeva tathA zobhAkara / inake atirikta dIkSita ne kucha anya AlaGkArikoM ke vicAroM ko bhI apanAyA hai, jinakA Ana hameM patA nahIM hai / inhIM meM se eka mahattvapUrNa kRti ajJAtanAmA lekhaka kA 'alaGkAra bhASya' rahA hogA, jisakA saMketa vimarzinIkAra jayaratha tathA paMDitarAja donoM ne kiyA hai / arthAlaGkAroM kI tAlikA meM dIkSita ne jina naye tathA candrAloka se adhika alaGkAroM kI udbhAvanA kI haiM, ve nimna haiM / 1 prastutAMkura, 2 alpa, 3 kArakadIpaka, 4 mithyAdhyavasiti, 5 lalita, 6 anujJA, 7 mudrA, 8 ratnAvalI, 9 vizeSaka, 10 gUDhokti, 11 vivRtokti, 12 yukti, 13 lokokti, 14 chekokti, 15 nirukti, 16 pratiSedha, 17 vidhi / ina alaGkAroM kI kalpanA kA zreya dIkSita ko nahIM diyA jA sakatA / vastutaH dIkSita eka saMgrAhaka mAtra haiM / uparyukta alaGkAroM meM lalita tathA anuzA do alaGkAra aise haiM, jinakA ullekha paMDitarAja jagannAtha ne bhI kiyA hai tathA anujJA ke virodhI tiraskAra alaMkAra kA bhI vivecana kiyA hai, jisakA saMketa kuvalayAnanda meM nahIM milatA / kuvalayAnanda kA kArakadIpaka alaMkAra koI nayA alaMkAra na hokara dIpaka kA vaha bheda hai, jahA~ kAraka vAlA dIpaka alaMkAra kA bheda pAyA jAtA hai| cU~ki isa bheda meM gamyaupamya nahIM pAyA jAtA, isaliye appaya dIkSita ne ise alaga se alaMkAra mAnA hai tathA isakA saMketa vAkyanyAyamUlaka alaMkAroM ke sAtha kiyA hai / dIkSita ke anya uparyukta alaMkAroM meM kucha kA havAlA bhojarAja, zobhAkara tathA yazaska meM pAyA jAtA hai / hama yahA~ pratyeka alaMkAra ko lekara usakA saMkSipta vivaraNa dene kI ceSTA kareMge / 1. prastutAMkura : - prastutAMkura alaMkAra kA saMketa hameM kuvalayAnanda hI meM milatA hai / ruyyaka, jayadeva, zobhAkara yA paMDitarAja kisI ne bhI isa alaMkAra ko nahIM mAnA hai| prastutAMkura alaMkAra kA saMbaMdha aprastutaprazaMsA se jor3A jA sakatA hai / aprastutaprazaMsA meM vAcyarUpa aprastuta vRttAMta ke dvArA vyaMgya rUpa prastuta vRttAMta ko vyaJjanA hotI hai / yaha aprastuta vRttAMta kisI na kisI rUpa me prastuta vRttAMta se saMbaddha hotA hai, yA to unameM kAryakAraNasaMbaMdha hotA hai, yA sAmAnya vizeSa saMbaMdha yA phira ve samAna (tulya) hote haiM / isa taraha prathama do saMbaMdhoM meM kAraNa se kArya kI vyaMjanA, kArya se kAraNa kI vyaMjanA, vizeSa se sAmAnya kI vyaMjanA, sAmAnya se vizeSa kI vyaMjanA tathA tulya se tulya kI vyaJjanA - ve pA~ca aprastutaprazaMsA prakAra mAne jAte haiM / aprastutaprazaMsA meM vAcyArthaM sadA aprastutaparaka hotA hai| kiMtu kabhI-kabhI aisA bhI dekhA jAtA hai padya meM do artha hote haiM, eka vAcyArtha dUsarA vyaMgyArthaM tathA donoM athaM prastuta hote haiN| aisI dazA meM prastuta kAryakAraNAdi se prastuta kAryakAraNAdi kI vyaMjanA pAI jAtI hai| isa sthala meM samAsokti alaMkAra to ho nahIM sakatA, kyoMki yahA~ eka prastuta artha vyaMgya hotA hai, sAtha hI yahA~ aprastutaprazaMsA bhI nahIM ho sakatI kyoMki vahA~ vAcyArtha aprastuta hotA hai, jaba ki yahA~ vaha prastuta hotA hai| aisI sthiti meM yahA~ koI nayA alaMkAra mAnanA hogA / isI ko dIkSita prastutAMkura kahate haiN| mAna lIjiye kisI nAyikA ne kisI vyakti ko duSTacaritrA ramaNIke sAtha udyAna meM ramaNa karate dekhA, usane use sunA

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[ 28 ] kara pAsa meM ketakI para baiThe bhare se kahA - 'maure, isa kAMToM se bharI ketakI se kyA, jaba ki mAlatI maujUda hai'| to yahA~ bhramara vRttAnta ( vAcya ) tathA kAmukavRttAnta ( vyaMgya ) donoM prastuta haiM, ataH yahA~ aprastutaprazaMsA se bhinna camatkAra hone se anya ho alaMkAra mAnanA hogA / prastutena prastutasya dyotane prastutAMkuraH / kiM bhRGga, satyAM mAlatyAM ketakyA kaNTakeyA // (kA0 67 ) rucira udAharaNoM ke rUpa meM hama hindI kRSNabhakta kaviyoM ke 'bhramara' sakate haiM, jahA~ ur3akara Aye hue prastuta 'bhaure ke bahAne gopiyoM ne bhartsanA kI hai| prastutAMkura alaMkAra ke gIta' ke pardoM kA saMketa kara prastuta vyaMgya rUpa meM uddhava kI prazna hotA hai, kyA ise aprastutaprazaMsA se bhinna mAnA jA sakatA hai ? anya AlaMkArikoM ne ise aprastutaprazaMsA meM hI antarbhAvita mAnA hai| unakA mata hai ki jahA~ do prastuta mAne jAte haiM, vahA~ bhI kavi kI pradhAnavivakSA eka hI pakSa meM hotI hai, donoM meM nahIM, ataH pradhAnagINa bhAva se eka prastuta ho hI jAtA hai| udAharaNa ke lie Upara ke padya meM kAmuka vRttAMta meM hI kavi tathA vakrI nAyikA kI pradhAnavivakSA hai, ataH vahI prastuta hai, bhRGga vRttAMta gauNa hone ke kAraNa aprastuta hI siddha hotA hai| isa taraha yahA~ vAcya ( aprastuta ) bhRGga vRttAMta se vyaMgya ( prastuta ) kAmuka vRttAMta kI pratIti hone se aprastutaprazaMsA kA lakSaNa ghaTita ho hI jAtA hai / phira prastutAMkura jaise naye alaMkAra kI kalpanA karane kI AvazyakatA kyA hai ? paMDitarAja jagannAtha ne rasagaGgAdhara ke aprastutaprazaMsA prakaraNa meM prastutAMkura ko alaga se alaMkAra mAnane kA khaMDana kiyA hai| 'etena' dvayoH prastutakhe prastutAMkuranAmAnyo'laMkAraH iti kuvalayAnandAyuktamupekSaNIyam / kiMcidvailakSaNyamAtreNaivAlaMkArAntaratA kalpane vAgbhaMgInAmAnantyAdalaMkArAnantyaprasaMga tyasakRdAveditatvAt / ( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 545 ) nAgeza ne bhI kAvyapradIpa kI TIkA udyota meM kuvalayAnandakAra kA khaNDana kiyA hai / ve batAte haiM ki yA to yahA~ kula logoM ke mata se samAsokti alaMkAra mAnA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki bhramaravRttAMta prastuta hai tathA nAyakanAyikAvRttAMta usakI apekSA guNIbhUtavyaMgya ho gayA hai, yA yahA~ nAyakanAyikA vRttAMta meM kavi kI pradhAna vivakSA mAnane para tathA use vyaMgya mAnane para bhramaraviSayaka vRttAMta gauNa tathA aprastuta ho jAtA hai, isa taraha yahA~ aprastutaprazaMsA hogI / nAgeza ko dvitIya vikalpa ( aprastutaprazaMsA ) hI svIkAra hai / 'atredaM bodhyam - aprastutapadena mukhyatAtparyaviSayIbhUtArthAtirikto'rtho grAhyaH / etenakiM bhRGga satyAM mAlavyAM ketakyA kaMTakeddhayA' ityatra priyatamena sAkamudyAne viharatI kAcid mRgaM pratyevamAheti prastutena prastutAMtaradyotane prastutAMkuranAmA bhinno'laMkAra ityapAstam / 'maduktarItyAsyA eva saMbhavAt / yadA mukhyatAtparyaviSayaH prastutazca nAyikAnAyakavRttAntatadutkarSatayA guNIbhUtavyaMgyastadA'tra sAdRzyamUlA samAsoktireveti kecit / anyevaprastutena prazaMsetya prastutaprazaMsAzAbdArthaH / evaM ca vAcyena vyaMgyena vA'prastutena vAcyaM bhyaktaM vA prastutaM yatra sAdRzAdyanyatamaprakAreNa prazasthata utkRSyata ityarthAdapIyamevetyAhuriti dikU // ( udyota pR0 490 ) 2. alpa :- dIkSita ke dvArA nirdiSTa 'alpa' alaMkAra mammaTAdi ke dvArA varNita 'adhika' alaM'kAra kA virodhI hai| adhika alaMkAra vahA~ mAnA jAtA hai, jahA~ atyadhika vizAla AdhAra hone

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[ 26 ] para bhI Adheya ko usase adhika batAyA jAya, athavA jahA~ vizAla Adheya se bhI AdhAra kI adhikatA batAI jaay| alpa alaMkAra isI kA ulaTA hai, jahA~ atyaMta alpa Adheya se bhI AdhAra kI alpatA varNita kI jAya / ' jaba hanumAn sItA se kahate haiM ki rAma tumhAre viraha meM itane kRza ho gaye haiM ki unake hAtha kI muMdarI kaMkaNa ho gaI hai, to yahA~ alpa alaMkAra hai / yahA~ hAtha kI muMdarI (Adheya ) sUkSma hai kintu kara ( AdhAra ) kI ati-sUkSmatA varNita kI gaI hai / tuma pUchata kahi mudrike mauna hoti yA naam| kaMkana padavI daI tuma bina yA kaha rAma // paMDitarAja jagannAtha ne isa alaMkAra kA koI. saMketa nahIM kiyA hai| unake adhika alaMkAra kI paribhASA se patA calatA hai ki ve alpa kA samAveza bhI adhika meM hI karate haiN| AdhArAdheyayorativistRtasvasiddhiphalakamitarasyAtinyUnatvakalpanamadhikam / __ (rasagaMgAdhara pR0 610) alaMkArakaustubhakAra vizvezvara tathA udyotakAra nAgeza ne dIkSita ke alpa alaMkAra kA khaNDana kiyA hai| unakI dalIla hai ki jahA~ AdhAra yA Adheya meM se kisI eka kI dUsare kI apekSA. atyadhika sUkSmatA batAI jAtI hai, vahA~ prakArAntara se kisI eka ke mahattva yA Adhikya kI hI pratIta hotI hai, jaise, yadi hama kaheM ki virahiNI nAyikA ke hAtha kA aMgulIyaka usake hAtha meM japamAla ke sadRza ho gayA, to yahA~ kara kI atyadhika sUkSmalA ke varNana se aMgulIyaka kI adhikatA ( mahattA) hI pratIta hotI hai, ataH kara ( AdhAra ) aMgulIyaka ( Adheya ) kI mahatvakalpanA hone ke kAraNa 'adhika' kA lakSaNa ThIka baiTha hI jAtA hai| ataH ina prakaraNoM meM vAstavika camatkAra kisI eka padArtha ke 'Adhikya' meM hI parthavasita ho jAtA hai| isase alpa ko adhika se bhinna alaMkAra mAnanA ayuktisaMgata hai| 'alpaM tu sUkSmAdAdheyAyadAdhArasya suucmtaa| maNimAlomikA te'ya kare japavaTI. yate // ' atrAMgulIyakasya sUkSmaparimANatve'pi tadapekSayA karasya sUcamatvaM varNitamityalpAkhyamalaMkArAMtaramiti, tacintyam / AdhArApekSayA mAdheyasya mahAvakalpanArUpAdhikyabheda eva paryavasAnAta // (alaMkArakaustuma pR0 380), isI bAta ko udyota meM nAgeza ne bhI saMketita kiyA hai : 'tena yatra sUcayatvAtizayavata AdhArAdheyAvA tadanyatarasyAtisUcamatvaM varyate tatrApyA. yam (adhika), yathA-'maNimAlomikA te'dya kare japavaTIyate' atra maNimAlAmayI UrmikA aMgulImitatvAdatisUcamA, sA'pi virahiNyAH kare tatkaMkaNavatpravezitA tasminapamAlAvallambate ityuktyA tato'pi karasya virahakAryAdatisUcamatA drshitaa| etena Ize viSaye'lpaM nAma pRthagalaMkAra ityapAstam // (udyota pR0 559) 3. kAskadIpaka:-kArakadIpaka kA saMketa hama kara cuke haiM ki yaha koI nayA alaMkAra nahIM hai, apitu prAcIna AlaMkArikoM ne ise dIpaka kA hI eka prakAra mAnA hai| 1. mithyAbhyavasiti:-dIkSita ne mithyAdhyavasiti vahA~ mAnI hai. jahA~ kisI mithyAtva kI. siddhi ke lie dUsare mithyAtva kI kalpanA kI jAya / jaise jo vyakti gaganakusumoM kI mAlA pahanatA 1. alpaM tu sUkSmAdAdheyAcadAdhArasya sUkSmatA / maNimAlomikA te'tha kare japavaTIyate / / (kA0 97 ) ( kuvalayAnaMda pR0 167)

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[ 30 ] hai, vahI vezyA ko vaza me kara sakatA hai|' yahA~ vezyA ko vaza meM karanA mithyA hai, isake lie kavi 'gaganakusumavahana' rUpa anya mithyAtva kI kalpanA kI hai| paMDitarAja ne isa alaMkAra kA khaNDana kiyA hai tathA ve isakA samAveza prauDhokti meM karate haiM :- ekasya mithyAtvasiddhayarthaM mithyAbhUtavastvaMtarakalpanaM mithyAdhyavasitAkhya malaMkArAntaramiti na vaktavyam prauDhoktyaiva gatArthasvAt' / (rasagaMgAdhara pR0 673 ) paMDitarAja ne yahA~ yaha dalIla bhI dI hai ki mithyAdhyavasiti ko alaga alaMkAra mAnane para to satyAdhyavasiti ko bhI eka alaMkAra mAnanA caahie| sAtha hI paMDitarAja 'vezyAM vazayet khasrajaM vahan' meM ukta alaMkAra na mAnakara nidarzanA mAnate haiM / (de0 - kuvalayAnanda hiMdI vyAkhyA, TippaNI pR0 213), dIkSita ke isa alaMkAra kA khaNDana kaustubhakAra vizvezvara ne bhI kiyA hai / ve isakA samAveza atizayokti meM karate haiM / atizayokti prakaraNa ke aMta meM vizvezvara ne dIkSita ke tIna alaMkAroM-prauDhokti, saMbhAvana tathA mithyAdhyavasiti -- kA, jinameM prathama do ko jayadeva tathA prauDhokti ko paMDitarAja bhI mAnate haiM, khaMDana kiyA hai / vizvezvara ne mithyAdhyavasiti kA antarbhAva ' yadyarthIko kalpanam' vAlI mammaTokta tRtIya atizayokti meM kiyA hai| : yasu - asaMbaMdhe saMbaMdharUpAtizayoktiH kiMcinmithyAtvasiddhayarthaM midhyArthAMtarakalpanAvicchittivizeSeNa mithyAdhyavasiterbhinnatvamiti, tadasat / yadyarthoktirUpAtizayo kervizeSasya durvacatvAt / ' ( alaMkAra kaustubha pR0 284 ) vastutaH mithyAdhyavasiti kA atizayokti meM hI samAveza karanA nyAyya hai / 5. lalita :- lalitAlaMkAra kA saMketa kevala do hI AlaMkArikoM meM pAyA jAtA hai - appaya dIkSita tathA paMDitarAja / lalita alaMkAra kA saMketa ruyyaka, jayadeva, zobhAkara, yA yazaska kisI meM nahIM milatA / lalita alaMkAra nidarzanA kA hI eka praroha mAnA jA sakatA hai, jise dIkSita tathA paMDitarAja donoM ne kaI dalIleM dekara svatantra alaMkAra siddha kiyA hai| nidarzanA ganyaupamya koTi kA alaMkAra hai / jahA~ prastuta tathA aprastuta meM paraspara vastusaMbaMdha ke hone para yA na hone para biMbapratibiMbabhAva se donoM kA upAdAna kiyA jAya tathA unameM aikya samAropa ho, vahA~ nidarzanA pAI jAtI hai| isa prakAra nidarzanA meM prastuta tathA aprastuta donoM zabdopAtta hote haiM / kabhIkabhI kavi aisA karatA hai ki prastuta vRttAnta kA varNana karate hue usase saMbaMdha viSaya yA dharma kA varNana na kara usake pratibiMbabhUta anya dharma kA varNana kara detA hai, aisI sthiti meM nidarzanA to hogI nahIM, kyoMki kavi ne donoM - prastuta tathA aprastuta - viSayoM kA pUrNataH varNana nahIM kiyA hai; ataH yahA~ dIkSita lalita alaMkAra mAnate haiN| udAharaNa ke lie hama kAlidAsa kA nimna padma le leM: / ka sUryaprabhavo vaMzaH kva cAlpaviSayA matiH / titIrSurdustaraM mohAduDupenAsmi sAgaram // "kahA~ sUrya kulotpanna raghuvaMzI rAjAoM kA vaMza aura kahA~ merI tuccha buddhi ? maiM to mUrkhatA se kisI DoMgo se samudra tairane kI icchA kara rahA hU~ / ' 1. kiMcinmithyAtvasiddhayarthaM mithyArthAtarakalpanam / mithyAdhyavasiti vaizyAM vazayet khasrajaM bahan // ( kuvalayAnanda pR0 212 ) 2. varye syAdvarNyavRttAntapratibiMbasya varNanam / lalitaM nirgate nIre setumeSA cikIrSati //

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[31] yahA~ prastuta varNyaviSaya alpaviSayaka buddhi se sUrya vaMza kA varNana karanA hai / tuccha buddhi se sUryakula ke varNana kA upakrama karanA, choTI sI DoMgI se samudra ko tairane kI icchA karanA hai / yahA~ kavi ne varNya viSaya ke dharma 'sUryavaMza kA varNana karane' kA ullekha na kara usake pratibimba 'DoMgI se samudra tairane kI icchA' kA varNana kiyA hai|' ataH yahA~ nidarzanA nahIM hai, lalita hai / yadi yahA~ kaviyoM kahanA - 'merA alpaviSayaka buddhi se sUrya vaMza kA varNana karane kA upakrama karanA uDupa se sAgara kI tairane kI icchA karanA hai' - to nidarzanA ho sakatI thI / mammaTAdi ne lalitAlaGkAra nahIM mAnA hai, vastutaH yahA~ nidarzanA hI mAnate haiM / navya AlaGkArikoM kA bhI eka dala lalita alaGkAra ko nahIM maantaa| svayaM paMDitarAja ne hI inake mata kA ullekha kiyA hai / ina logoM ke matAnusAra lalita tathA nidarzanA ke svarUpa meM koI vilakSaNatA nahIM pAI jAtI, ata: inheM abhinna hI mAnanA cAhie / 'nidarzanAlalitayostu svarUpAvailaNyaM pradarzitamitye kAlaMkAratvameva' ityAhuH / ( rasa0 pR0 677 ) isa pakSa ke vidvAnoM kA kathana hai ki lalita kA samAveza ArthI nidarzanA meM maje se ho sakatA hai / alaMkAra kaustubhakAra vizvezvara kA yahI mata hai / kaustubha ke nidarzanAprakaraNa meM lalitAlaMkAra ko mAnane vAle pUrvapakSI ke mata kA vistAra se ullekha kara vizvezvara ne siddhAMta pakSa yahI sthira kiyA hai ki lalita alaga se alaMkAra nahIM hai / ve batAte haiM ki isa viSaya meM koI vivAda nahIM ki jahA~ eka dharmika prastuta tathA aprastuta donoM ke vyavahAroM kA upAdAna pAyA jAya, vahIM nidarzanA hotI hai tathApi vAkyArthanidarzanA vahA~ hotI hai, jahA~ do vyavahAroM ke dharmI meM paraspara abheda pratipAdana karane se unake donoM vyavahAroM meM bhI paraspara abheda AkSipta ho jAtA hai / jaba hama dekhate haiM ki vAkyArtha nidarzanA meM dharmoM prastutAprastuta ) meM abheda hone se unake vyavahAra yA dharma meM bhI abheda hotA hai, to yaha jarUrI nahIM hai ki yaha sAmAnAdhikaraNya zrauta ( zAbda ) hI ho, yaha Artha bhI ho sakatA hai| isa taraha prastuta artha ke anupAdAna karane para bhI yadi Artha abheda pratIta hotA hai, to vahA~ nidarzanA hI mAnanA ucita hogA / 'kka sUrya sAgaram' meM yahI bAta pAI jAtI hai, yahA~ alpa buddhi se sUrya vaMza varNana zabdataH upAtta nahIM hai, kiMtu usakA tathA uDupa dvArA samudratitIrSA kA Artha abheda pratIta hotA hI hai, ataH isameM nidarzanA kA lakSaNa pUrI taraha ghaTita ho hI jAtA hai / yadi kevala isIlie lalita ko alaga se alaMkAra mAnA jAya ki yahA~ varNya viSaya ke dharma ke sthAna para usake pratibiMbabhUta dharma kA upAdAna kiyA jAtA hai, to phira luptopamA ko bhI upamA se sarvathA bhinna alaMkAra mAnanA par3egA / 'yadyapyekadharmikaprastutAprastutayyava hAradvayopAdAna nibaMdhanA nidarzanetyatra vivAdAbhAvaH / tathApi vyavahAradvayavaddharmyabhedapratipAdanAkSipto vyavahAradvayAbheda iti vAkyArthanidarzanAsvarUpam / tatra ca pratipAdanaM zrautamevetyatra nAgrahaH; kiMtu pratipAdana mAtram / evaM ca prastutArthasya zAbdAnupAdAne'pi ArthaM tadAdAyaiva nidarzanAyAmevatadantarbhAva ucitaH / anyathA luptopamAderapyupamAbahirbhAvApatteH / ' ( alaMkAra kaustubha pR0 268 ) 1. dekhiye - kuvalayAnaMda pR0 218 / sAtha hI - ' evaM ca 'kka sUrya sAgaram' ityatra kAvyaprakAzakArI yannidarzanA mudAhArSIttadasaMgatamaiva / lalitasyAvazyAbhyupagamyatvAnnidarzanAyA atrAprAptezca / taditthaM lalitasyAlaMkArAntamurIkurvatA - mAzayaH / ' ( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 675 )

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[ 32 ] spaSTa hai, vizvezvara yahA~ ArthI nidarzanA hI mAnate haiN| ThIka yahI mata nAgega kA hai / udyota meM ve lalita kA khaNDana karate haiM : 'nitarAM nirgate nIre setumeSA cikIrSati' ityAdau kiMcidAkSiNyasamAgatatatkAlopekSitapratinivRttanAyikAntarAsaktanAyakAnayanAtha sakhI preSayitukAmAM nAyikAmuddizya sakhyA vacane'pyArthI nidarzanaiva / etenAtra llitaalNkaarH| varNanIyavAkyArthamanuktvaiva vaye dharmiNi tatsvarUpasya kasyacidaprastutavAkyArthasya varNanarUpa ityapAstam / ' (udyota pR0 481) 6. anujJA:-dIkSita tathA paMDitarAja donoM ne hI anuzA alaMkAra kA saMketa kiyA hai| anujJA alaMkAra vahA~ mAnA jAtA hai, jahA~ kisI doSa kI icchA isalie kI jAtI hai ki usa doSa meM kisI vizeSa guNa kI sthiti hotI hai| paMDitarAja ne isake ThIka virodhI alaMkAra "tiraskAra' kA bhI saMketa kiyA hai, jahA~ kisI guNa kI bhI anicchA isalie kI jAtI hai ki usameM kisI doSa kI sthiti hotI hai / dIkSita ne tiraskAra kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai aura isake liye paMDitarAja ne dIkSita kI AlocanA bhI kI hai| (dekhiye-kuvalayAnanda-hiMdI vyAkhyA, TippaNI pR0 228 ) anya kinhIM AlaMkArikoM ne isakA saMketa nahIM kiyA hai| 7. mudrA, 8. ratnAvalI: dIkSita ke ye do alaMkAra jayadeva Adi kisI AlaMkArika meM nahIM milate / mudrA alaMkAra vahA~ mAnA gayA hai, jahA~ prastutArthaparaka padoM ke dvArA sUcya artha kI vyaMjanA karAI jAya / ratnAvalI alaMkAra vahA~ hotA hai, jahA~ prakRta arthoM kA nyAsa isa krama se kiyA jAya, jaisA ki vaha lokazAstrAdi meM pAyA jAtA hai| mudrA alaMkAra kA saMketa hameM bhojarAja ke sarasvatIkaMThAbharaNa se milatA hai| bhojarAja ne mudrA ko arthAlaMkAra na mAnakara zabdAlaMkAra mAnA hai tathA apane 24 zabdAlaMkAroM meM isakA bhI varNana kiyA hai| bhojarAja ke matAnusAra jahA~ kisI vAkya meM sAbhiprAya vacana kA saMniveza kiyA jAya, vahA~ mudrA hotI hai, ise mudrA isaliye kahA jAtA hai ki yaha sahRdayoM ko 'mud' (prasannatA) detI hai|' sAbhiprAyasya vAkye yaducaso vinivezanam / mudrAM to mutpradAyitvArakAmyamudrAvido viduH // ( sarasvatIkaMThAbharaNa 2.40) . bhojarAja ne isake chaH bheda mAne haiM- padagata, vAkyagata, vibhaktigata, vacanagata, samuccayagata tathA saMvRvigata / (2.41 ) ratnAvalI alaMkAra bhoja meM bhI nahIM miltaa| kiMtu bhojarAja ke 'gumphanA' nAmaka zabdAlaMkAra meM eka bheda 'kramakRtA gumphanA' hai| jahA~ eka vAkya meM zabdArthoM kI kama se racanA ko jAya, vahA~ yaha bheda hotA hai| yaha krama budhajanaprasiddha yA tattat zAstrAdi prasiddha ho sakatA hai| aisA jAna par3atA hai, dIkSita ke 'ratnAvalI' alaMkAra kA bIja yahI hai| bhojarAja ne 'kramakRtA guMphanA' kA ThIka vahI udAharaNa diyA hai, jo dIkSita ne ratnAvalI kA diyA hai, sAtha hI isa padya kI vivecanA meM bhI bhoja ne 'budhajanaprasiddha krama racanA' meM hI 'kramaguMphanA' mAnI hai| 'kramakRtA' yathA nIlAjAnAM nayanayugaladrAdhimA dattapatraH, kumbhAvebho kucaparisaraH pUrvapacIcakAra / 1. 'mudaM rAtri Adatte iti mudrA' iti vyutpatteH / 2. de0 sarasvatIkaMThAbharaNa pR0 180-181 /

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[ 33 ] bhrUvibhrAntirmadanadhanuSo vibhramAnamvavAdIdvaktrajyotsnAzazadhararucaM dUSayAmAsa tasyAH // atra patradAnapUrvapacopanyAsAnuvAdadUSaNodbhAvanAnAM budhajanaprasiddhakrameNa racitatvAdiyaM kramaracanA / ' ( sarasvatIkaMThAbharaNa pR0 182 ) ( 9 ) vizeSaka : - vizeSaka alaMkAra kA ullekha kevala dIkSita ne hI kiyA hai| dIkSita ne mIlita tathA sAmAnya nAmaka alaMkAroM ke do virodhI alaMkAroM kA ullekha kiyA hai - unmIlita tathA vizeSaka / mIlita tathA usake virodhI unmIlita kA saMketa to jayadeva ne bhI kiyA hai, para jayadeva ne kevala sAmAnya kA vivecana kiyA hai, usake virodhI vizeSaka kA nhiiN| sAmAnya alaMkAra vahA~ hotA hai, jahA~ do vastue~ sAdRzya ke kAraNa itanI ghulamila jAya~ ki unameM paraspara vyaktibhAna na ho ske| isa sthiti meM jahA~ kisI vizeSa kAraNa se vyaktimAna ho jAya, vahA~ vizeSaka alaMkAra mAnA jAtA hai / mIlita alaMkAra tathA sAmAnya alaMkAra ke saMbaMdha meM dIkSita evaM mammaTa ke mata bhinna-bhinna haiN| (de0- kuvalayAnanda, hindI, vyAkhyA, TippaNI pR0 242 ) isI dRSTi se dIkSita ke unmIlita tathA vizeSaka meM bhI ThIka vahI bheda hogaa| mammaTa ke matAnuyAyI to unmIlita tathA vizeSaka alaMkAra mAnate nahIM haiN| paMDitarAja ne bhI inako nahIM mAnA hai tathA inakA samAveza anumAna meM kiyA hai / ( Dhe0 hindI kuvalayAnanda Ti0 pR0 243 ) dIkSita ke ina donoM alaMkAroM kA AdhAra jayadeva kA unmIlita tathA zobhAkara kA 'udbheda' nAmaka alaMkAra hai / dIkSita ne inhIM ke AdhAra para sAmAnya ke virodhI 'vizeSaka' kI bhI kalpanA kI hai / mammaTa ke mata se sAmAnya alaMkAra mAnane vAloM ke lie vizeSaka kA udAharaNa yaha hogA : juvati jonha meM mili gaI naiku na deta lakhAya / sodheM ke Dore ba~dhI alI calI sa~ga jAya // ( bihArI ) jaba ki dIkSita ke matAnuyAyI yahA~ vizeSaka na mAnakara mIlita kA virodhI unmIlita mAnegeM / unake mata se 'vizeSaka' kA udAharaNa nimna patha hogA, jahA~ mammaTa ke matAnuyAyI 'unmIlita' mAnanA cAheMge : caMpaka haravA aMga mili adhika sohAya / jAni parai siya hiyare jaba kumhilAya // (tulasI) isakA spaSTa pramANa arjuna dAsa keDiyA kA 'bhAratI- bhUSaNa' hai, jahA~ unhoMne vihArI ke ukta dohe meM 'unmIlita' alaMkAra mAnA hai / kanhaiyAlAla poddAra ne kAvyakalpadruma meM keDiyA jI kI taraha donoM alaMkAroM kA alaga-alaga se varNana na kara kevala unmIlita kA hI varNana kiyA hai tathA ve jayadeva ke mata kA anusaraNa karate haiN| unhoMne 'caMpaka haravA' ityAdi baravai ko unmIlita ke hI udAharaNa ke rUpa meM likhA hai / 3 hamAre mata se 'caMpaka haravA' meM mIlita kA virodhI unmIlita hai tathA 'juvati jonha' meM sAmAnya kA virodhI vishessk| udyotakAra ne ina donoM alaMkAroM kA niSedha kiyA hai| ve unmIlita ko mIlita meM samAviSTa karate haiM tathA vizeSaka kA antarbhAva sAmAnya meM mAnate haiM / 1. isa padya kI vyAkhyA ke liye dekhiye / ( kuvalayAnaMda, hiMdI vyAkhyA 10 234 ) 2. dekhiye - bhAratI bhUSaNa pR0 329 / 3. de0 kAvyakalpadruma pR0 352 3 ku0 bha0

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(10) gUDhokki, (11) vidhRtokki !-gUDhokti tathA civRtokti alaMkAroM kA ullekha anyatra kahIM nahIM milatA / vastutaH dhvanivAdiyoM kI usa vastudhvani meM jahA~ zliSTa padoM kA prayoga kara baktA kisI bAta ko taTastha vyaktiyoM se chipAne ke lie kisI abhISTa vyakti ko apanA uddezya prakaTa karatA hai, kucha aise AlaMkArikoM ne jo dhvani ko nahIM mAnate the, vivRto kti kI kalpanA kI hogii| ye AlaMkArika kauna the, isakA patA nahIM hai| inhIM AlaMkArikoM ne usa sthala para jahA~ kavi svayaM vaktA ke isa prakAra ke dilaSTa gupta vacana meM usake abhiprAya ko prakaTa kara detA hai, vivRtokti mAnI hai| isa prakAra gUDhokti tathA vivRtokti meM bar3A sUkSma bheda hai:1. unameM samAnatA yaha hai ki donoM meM vaktA zliSTa vacana kA prayoga karatA hai, jisase taTastha yA anabhISTa zrotA use na samajha pAyA; 2. donoM meM dvitIyArtha pratIyamAna hotA hai| isameM bhinnatA yaha hai ki gUDhokti meM kavi padya meM vaktA ke abhiprAya kA saMketa nahIM karatA tathA sahRdaya hI prakaraNAdi ke kAraNa yaha samajha letA hai ki vaktA kA abhiprAya isa arthadvaya meM amuka hai, zliSTa vacana kA prayoga usane dUsaroM ko Thagane ke liye kiyA hai| jaba ki vivRtokti meM kavi zliSTa vacana meM vaktA ke vivakSita artha ko vivRta (prakaTa) kara detA hai| dhyAna dene para patA calegA ki yaha donoM bheda dhvanivAdI kI vastudhvani tathA guNIbhUtavyaMgya meM samAhita ho sakate haiN| gUDhokti meM kucha nahIM vastudhvani hai| isakA spaSTIkaraNa dIkSita ke dvArA udAhRta-'nAtho me vipaNiM gato na gaNayatyeSA saparanI ca mAM' ityAdi padya (de0 pR0 253 ) se ho sakatA hai| vivRtokti meM kavi vAcyArtha ko mukhya banA detA hai, yahA~ vyaMgyArtha vAcyArtha kA upaskAraka bana jAtA hai, kyoMki vyaMgyAyaM ko kavi svayaM hI prakaTa kara detA hai| aisI sthiti meM yahA~ guNIbhUtavyaMgya nAmaka kAvya bheda hotA hai / isakI puSTi dIkSita ke dvArA vivRtokti ke prakaraNa meM udAhRta 'vatse mA gA viSAdaM' 'dRSTayA kezava goparAgahatayA' gacchAmyacyutadarzanena bhavataH' ityAdi padyoM se hotI hai, ( de0 pR0 254-55) jahA~ bhAnandavardhana ne guNIbhUtavyaMgyatva hI mAnA hai| hamAre mata se ina donoM alaMkAroM kA kramazaH dhvani tathA guNIbhUtavyaMgya meM hI samAveza hone se inakI kalpanA vyartha hai| pratyeka dhvanibheda evaM guNIbhUtavyaMgyabheda meM navIna alaMkAra kI kalpanA karane se alaMkAroM kA Anantya hogA, sAtha hI alaMkArya tathA alaMkAra kI vibhAjaka rekhA asaSTa ho jaaygii| 12. yukti:-yukti bhI kuvalayAnanda kA nayA alaMkAra hai / vastutaH yaha koI nayA alaMkAra na hokara mammaTAdi ke dvArA varNita vyAjokti nAmaka alaMkAra kA hI eka praroha mAtra hai| byAjokti tathA yukti ke paraspara bheda ko batAte hue dIkSita likhate haiM ki jahA~ kisI anya hetu ko batAkara ukti se kisI rahasya yA AkAra ko chipAyA jAya, vahA~ vyAjokti alaMkAra hotA hai tathA jahA~ kriyA ke dvArA kisI rahasya ko chipAyA jAya, vahA~ yukti alaMkAra hotA hai| 'vyAjokti meM AkAra kA gopana kiyA jAtA hai, yukti meM AkAra se bhinna vastu kA' (vyAjotA. vAkAragopanaM yuktau tadanyagopanamiti bhaavH| (kuvalayAnanda pR0 256 ) isI prakaraNa meM dIkSita ne eka anya mata bhI upanyasta kiyA hai, jisake matAnusAra vyAjokti meM rahasya kA gopana ukti ( vacana ) ke dvArA kiyA jAtA hai, yukti meM kriyA ke dvArA / (yadvA vyAjoktAvapyuktyA gopanamiha tu kriyayA gopanam, iti bhedaH / (kuva0 pR0 256 ) mammaTAdi ke anugamanakartA AlaMkArika yukti kA samAveza vyAjokti meM hI karate haiN| alaMkArakaustubhakAra vizvezvara ne dIkSita ke mata kA ullekhakara khaMDana kiyA hai tathA batAyA hai ki vyA jokti kA lakSaNa yukti meM bhI ghaTita ho hI jAtA haiM, kyoMki hamArA vyAjokti kA lakSaga yaha hai ki vahA~ prakaTa hote artha ( rahasya ) ko kisI vyAja se chipAyA jAtA hai| (gyAjoktiH

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[ 35 ] vizadIbhavadarthasyApatirmiSataH / ( alaMkArakaustuma pR0 357 ) sAtha hI yadi baga-alaga prakAra se rahasya ke gopana meM alaga-alaga alaMkAra mAne jAte haiM, to anya alaMkAroM kI kalpanA karanI pdd'egii| ataH yukti kA byAjokti meM hI antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| 'yattu 'dampatyornizi jalpato"vAgbandhanam' ityatra yuktirlNkaarH| myAjoko vacasA gopanam , iha tu kriyayA, iti yorbheda iti / tanna / byAjokilakSaNasyobhayasAdhAraNyAt / tatroktinivezasya gauravaparAhatasvAt / anyathA prakArAntareNa gopanasthale'laMkArAMtaraprasaM. gAt / tatrApyuktakriyAnyasvanivezasya suvacatvAditi dik|' (alaMkArakaustubha pR0 358) isa saMbaMdha meM itanA saMketa kara denA anAvazyaka na hogA ki dIkSita kA 'yukti' alaMkAra, jo arthAlaMkAra hai, ThIka isI nAma vAle bhojarAja ke zabdAlaMkAra se bhinna hai| bhojarAja ke 24 zabdAlaMkAroM meM eka 'yukti' bhI hai| yaha zabdAlaMkAra vahA~ mAnA gayA hai, jahA~ paraspara ayujyamAna zamda yA artha kI yojanA kI jAtI hai / isake chaH bheda mAne gaye haiM:-padayukti, padArthayukti, vAkyayukti, vAkyArthayukti, prakaraNayukti, prabaMdhayukti / inake udAharaNa sarasvatIkaMThAbharaNa meM dekhe jA sakate haiN| prabaMdhayukti kA udAharaNa yaha hai / meghadUta meM yakSa ke dvArA megha ko saMdezavAhaka banAnA asaMgata pratIta hotA hai, yaha artha kI ayujyamAnatA hai, isakI yojanA karane ke lie kavi ne AraMbha meM hI apane prabaMdha kI kathAvastu ko sopapattika banAne ke lie isa bAta kI yukti dI hai ki 'kAmAta vyakti cetana tathA acetana prAgiyoM ke paraspara bheda ko jAnane meM asamartha rahate haiN| tathA isa yukti se megha ko saMdezavAhaka banAne kI anupayujyamAnatA kI punaH yojanA kara use saMgata banA diyA hai| ataH nimna padya meM yukti alaMkAra hai / dhUmajyotiHsalilamarutAM sannipAtaH ka meghaH saMdezArthAH ka paTukaraNaH prANimiH praapnniiyaaH| ityautsukyAdaparigaNayan guhyakastaM yayAce kAmArtA hi prakRtikRpaNAzcetanAcetaneSu // spaSTa hai, dIkSita kI 'yukti' kA bhojarAja kI 'yukti' meM koI saMbaMdha nhiiN| 13. lokokti, 14. chekoki:-ye donoM arthAlaMkAra bhI sarvaprathama dIkSita meM hI dikhAI par3ate haiM / para inakI kalpanA kA zreya mo dIkSita ko nahIM jA paataa| bhojarAja ne apane sarasvatIkaMThAbharaNa meM 'chAyA' nAmaka zabdAlaMkAra kI kalpanA kI hai| isI alaMkAra ke chaH bhedoM meM do bheda lokokticchAyA tathA chekokticchAyA hai| bhojarAja ne lokokticchAyA vahA~ mAnI hai, jahA~ kavi kAvya meM lokokti ( muhAvare ) kA anusaraNa karatA hai| isakA udAharaNa bhojarAja ne 'zApAMto me bhujagazayanAdutthite zAGgapANI zeSAn mAsAn gamaya caturo locane mIlayitvA' ityAdi padya kI 'locane mIlayitvA' yaha lokokti dI hai| dIkSita ne bhI lokokti alaMkAra vahA~ mAnA hai jahAM kAvya meM lokokti kA prayoga kiyA jAya tathA unakA kArikAdha kA udAharaNa bhI 'locane mIlayitvA' hI hai| (de0 kuvalayAnaMda pR0 257) bhojarAja ne chekokticchAyA vahA~ mAnI hai, jahA~ kavi kAvya meM kisI vidagdha (cheka) vyakti kI ukti kA anusaraNa karatA hai, dIkSita kI chekokti kI kalpanA kA AdhAra to bhojarAja kA ho mata hai, kiMtu dIkSita ne ise kucha parivartita kara diyA hai / dIkSita ke mata se lokokti ke eka vizeSa prakAra kA 1. de0 sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa pR0 172 / 2. de0 sarasvatIkaNThAmaraNa pR0 164-165

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[ 36 ] prayoga chekokti hai| jaba koI vidagdha ( cheka ) vaktA kisI lokokti kA prayoga kara kisI anya gUr3ha artha kI vyaMjanA karAnA cAhatA hai, to vahAM chekokti hotI hai| isa taraha dIkSita kI chekokti lokokti kA praroha mAtra hai, jaba ki bhojarAja kI chekokti lokokti se saMzliSTa nahIM hotI / dIkSita tathA bhoja kI chekokti meM samAnatA itanI hai ki donoM kA prayoktA koI vidagdha vyakti hotA hai / 15. nirukti : - nirukti alaMkAra kA saMketa anyatra nahIM milatA / yaha alaMkAra vahA~ mAnA gayA hai, jahA~ kisI nAma kA yaugika artha lekara artha kI kalpanA kI jAya / nirukti ko alaga se alaMkAra mAnanA ThIka nhiiN| isakA samAveza kAvyaliMgAdi anya alaMkAroM meM ho sakatA hai / 16 pratiSedha, 17 vidhi :- jahA~ prasiddha niSedha kA punaH niSedha kiyA jAya, vahA~ pratiSedha alaMkAra hotA hai / vidhi alaMkAra isakA ThIka virodhI hai, yahA~ siddha vastu kI siddhi karane ke lie punaH vidhAna kiyA jAtA hai | ( inake paricaya ke liye - de0 kuvalayAnaMda pR0 264-65 ) ina alaMkAroM kA jayadeva meM koI ullekha nahIM hai| zobhAkara mitra ke alaMkAra * ralAkara meM 'vidhi' nAmaka alaMkAra kA ullekha avazya hai| zobhAkara ke mata se 'vidhi' alaMkAra vahA~ hotA hai, jahA~ kisI asaMbhAvya hetu yA phala ke prati ceSTA vivakSita kI jAya / ( asaMbhAgyahetuphalapreSaNaM vidhiH- sUtra 82 ) isake do bheda hoMge :- 1. asaMbhAvyahetupreSaNa, 2 . asaMbhAvyaphalapreSaNa / isameM prathama bheda kA udAharaNa nimna patha hai, jahA~ lakSmaNa ne pRthvI, zeSa, kUrmarAja, diggaja Adi se sthairya dhAraNa karane ko kahA hai| yahA~ pRthvI Adi kA sthairya to svataH saMbhAvya hai hI, ataH asaMbhAvyamAnatA kevala unake cAMcalya yA asthiratA kI hI hai| rAma ke dvArA ziva dhanuSa ke tor3e jAne para, usake kAraNa ( taddhetuka ) pRthvyAdi kI caMcalatA asaMbhAvya hai, kiMtu phira bhI kavi ne lakSmaNa kI ukti ke dvArA usakI ceSTA ko pRthvI kI caMcalatA kA kAraNa batAyA hai, ataH yahA~ hetu vAlA vidhi nAmaka alaMkAra hai / ' pRthvi sthirA bhava bhujaMgaMma dhArayainAM svaM kUrmarAja tadidaM dvitayaM dadhIthAH / dikkuMjarAH kuruta saMprati saMdidhISa devaH karoti harakArmukamAtatajyam // isa vivecana se spaSTa hai ki ratnAkara ke 'vidhi' nAmaka alaMkAra se dIkSita ke 'vidhi' nAmaka alaMkAra kA koI saMbaMdha nahIM hai| 'pratiSedha' nAmaka alaMkAra ratnAkara meM nahIM hai, isa nAma kA eka alaMkAra yazaska ke 'alaMkArodAharaNa' meM hai / dIkSita ne ise vahIM se liyA hai / kuvalayAnaMda ke pariziSTa meM dIkSita ne ruyyaka tathA jayadeva ke AdhAra para sAta rasavadAdi alaMkAroM kA varNana kiyA hai / tadanaMtara 10 pramANAlaMkAroM kA ullekha hai| rasavadAdi alaMkAroM ko to prAyaH sabhI AlaMkArikoM ne mAnA hai, yahA~ taka ki guNIbhUtavyaMgya kA vicAra karate samaya mammaTa taka ne unake alaMkAra mAne jAne kA saMketa kiyA hai, yadyapi mammaTa ne dazama ullAsa meM unakA varNana nahIM kiyA hai, kiMtu pramANAlaMkAroM ko kevala eka hI AlaMkArika ne kalpita kiyA hai| bhojarAja ne sarasvatIkaMThAbharaNa meM jaimini ke chaH pramANoM ko apane 24 arthAlaMkAroM kI 1. alaMkArara lAkara pR0 142 /

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[37] tAlikA meM diyA hai / ' tRtIya pariccheda kI kArikA 46 sa lekara 54 taka bhojarAja ne mImAMsAdarzanasammata ina chaH pramANoM kA vistAra se sodAharaNa vivecana kiyA hai| dIkSita ke pramANAlaMkAroM kA AdhAra yahI hai| para dIkSita ne isa ora bhoja se bhI adhika kalpanA se kAma liyA hai| dIkSita ne paurANikoM ke dvArA sammata dasoM pramANoM ko alaMkAra mAna liyA hai| yahI kAraNa hai, dIkSita ne pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna, zabda, arthApatti tathA abhAva ke atirikta smRti, zruti, saMbhava tathA aitihya ina cAra pramANoM ko bhI alaMkAra-koTi meM mAna liyA hai, jinakA koI saMketa bhoja meM nahIM miltaa| hamAre mata se pramANoM ko alaMkAra mAnanA ThIka nahIM / (8) kuvalayAnaMda meM dIkSita ne kucha hI alaMkAroM para vizada vicAra kiyA hai, zeSa alaMkAroM ke kevala lakSaNodAharaNa ho diye gaye haiM / citramImAMsA meM dIkSita ne upamAdi 12 alaMkAroM para jama kara samasta UhApoha kI dRSTi se vicAra kiyA hai, jinameM aMtima alaMkAra atizayokti kA prakaraNa adhUrA haiM / aisA jAna par3atA hai, citramImAMsA meM dIkSita samasta pramukha arthAlaMkAroM para DaTa kara saba pakSoM ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue vicAra karanA cAhate the, kiMtu dIkSita kI yaha yojanA pUrNa na ho sakI / hama yahA~ tattat alaMkAra ke viSaya meM dIkSita ke citramImAMsAgata vicAra kA sAra dene kI ceSTA kareMge / ( 1 ) upamA kuvalayAnaMda meM upamA para calate DhaMga se vicAra kiyA gayA hai, kevala 'tadetaskAkatAlIya. mavitarkita saMbhavam' isa udAharaNa ko spaSTa karane ke lie kucha vyAkaraNasaMbandhI vivecana pAyA jAtA hai / yahA~ upamA ke kevala nau bhedoM- - eka pUrNA tathA ATha luptA - kA saMketa milatA hai 1 mammaTAdi ke dvArA saMketita anya upamAbhedoM kA koI ullekha kuvalayAnaMda meM nahIM kiyA gayA hai / citramImAMsA meM upamA kA vizada vivecana hai| AraMbha meM dIkSita ne prAcIna AlaMkArikoMvidyAnAtha, bhojarAja Adi - ke upamAlakSaNa ko duSTa batAkara svayaM apanA lakSaNa diyA hai / tadanaMtara upamA ke tattvoM, vAcaka zabda ke prakAra tathA sAdhAraNa dharma ke tattat prakAroM kA ullekha hai / tadanaMtara mammaTAdi ke dvArA varNita upamAbhedoM kA vivecana evaM upamAdoSoM kA saMketa kiyA gayA hai | citramImAMsA kI bhUmikA meM hI dIkSita ne upamA ke mahattva para jora dete hue batAyA hai ki samasta sAdharmyamUlaka alaMkAroM kA AdhAra upamA hI hai / 'upamA hI vaha nartakI hai, jo nAnA prakAra kI alaMkAra bhUmikA meM kAvya maMca para avatIrNa hokara kAvyarasazoM ko AhlAdita karatI rahatI hai / ' upakA zailUSI saMprAptA citrabhUmikAbhedAn / raMjayati kAvyaraMge nRtyantI tadvidAM cetaH // (citra. pR0 6 ) 1. jAtiviMbhAvanA heturahetuH sUkSmamuttaram / virodhaH saMbhavo'nyonyaM parivRttinidarzanA // bhedaH samAhitaM bhrAMtirvitaka mIlitaM smRtiH / bhAvaH pratyacapUrvANi pramANAni ca jaimineH // ( sarasvatIkaMThAbharaNa 3. 2. 3. 3. )

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[ 38 1 dIkSita ne sarvaprathama prAcInoM ke tIna lakSaNoM kI AlocanA kI hai| upamA kA prathama lakSaNa yaha hai :-jahA~ upameyatva tathA upamAnatva ke yogya (tattat upamAnopameya banane kI kSamatAvAle) do padArthoM kA sundara sAdRzya varNita ho, vahA~ upamA hotI hai|' upmaanopmeytvyogyyorrthyoiiyoH| hacaM sAdharmyamupametyucyate kAvyavedibhiH / isa lakSaNa meM tIna bAteM haiM:(1) do minna padArthoM meM sAdhayaM varNita kiyA jAya, (2) ye padArtha kramazaH upamAna tathA upameya hone ke yogya hoM, (3) inakA sAdharmya suMdara (hRdya ) ho / appaya dIkSita ne isa lakSaNa meM nimna doSa mAne haiM: (1) Apa logoM ne 'arthayoH' ke sAtha 'dvayoH' vizeSaNa kyoM diyA hai ? saMbhavataH Apa isase ananvaya kA nirAsa karanA cAhate haiM, kyoMki ananvaya meM upamAna tathA upameya donoM padArtha eka hI vastu hotI hai| para itanA karane para bhI ApakA lakSaNa duSTa hI hai, kyoMki isameM upameyopamA tathA pratIpa kA nirAsa nahIM ho pAtA / (2) Apane 'upamAnopameyasvayogyayo' ke dvArA isa bAta kA saMketa kiyA hai ki jahA~ do padArthoM meM sAdhaye saMbhava ho, usI varNana meM upamA hogii| isa taraha to ApakA lakSaNa kalpitopagA ko upamA se bAhara kara detA hai| vastuta: lakSaNa aisA banAnA cAhiye jisameM kalpitopamA bhI samAviSTa ho ske| (3) isa lakSaNa meM sAdharmya ke 'nirduSTa' (liMgavacanAdidoSarahita ) hone kA koI saMketa nahIM, ataH lakSaNa meM ativyApti doSa hai, aisA lakSaNa mAnane para to sadoSa sAdharmyavarNana meM'haMsIva dhavalabandraH sarAMsIvAmanamaH' ityAdi padya meM bhI upamA hogI, kyoMki yahA~ 'haMsI tathA 'candra' 'sarovara' tathA 'AkAza' meM upamAnopameyayogyatva hai, sAtha hI varNana meM sundaratA bhI hai hI, para yahA~ prathama meM liMgadoSa hai, (haMsI strIliMga hai, candramA puMliMga ) tathA dvitIya meM bacanadoSa hai ('sarAMsi' bahuvacana hai, 'nama:' ekvcn)| dIkSita kI isa dalIla kA uttara to maje meM diyA jA sakatA hai ki 'hAM' vizeSaNa 'nirduSTa' kI vyaMjanA karA detA hai, kyoMki varNana kI sundaratA tamI mAnI jA sakegI, jaba vaha 'nirdoSa' ho| (4) isa lakSaNa meM cauthA dASa yaha batAyA gayA hai ki isameM upamAdhvani kA bhI antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| aisA nahIM honA cAhie, kyoMki upamAdhvani alaMkAra na hokara alaMkArya hai|' dIkSita ne dUsarA lakSaNa pratAparudrIyakAra vidyAnAtha kA diyA hai| vidyAnAtha ke mata se, 'nahA~ svataHsiddha, svayaM se bhinna, saMmata ( yogya ) janya ( avayaM, upamAna ) ke sAtha kisI dharma ke kAraNa eka hI bAra vAcyarUpa meM sAmya kA pratipAdana kiyA jAya, vahA~ upamA hotI hai|' svataH sivana minena saMmatena ca dharmataH / sAmyamanyena vaya'sya vAcyaM ghedekadopamA // ( pratAparudrIya ) 1.citramImAMsA pR0-8|

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[36 ] isameM nimna bAteM haiM :(1) upamAna 'svataHsiddha' ho, kavikalpita yA saMbhAvita na ho| isake dvArA utpre alaMkAra kA nirAsa kiyA gayA hai| ( 2 ) vaha svayaM ( upameya ) se bhinna ho. kyoMki bhinna na honepara upamA na hokara 'ananvaya' ho jaaygaa| ( 3 ) vaha saMmata (yogya) arthAt nirdaSTa ho| isase tattat upamAdoSoM kI vyAvRtti kI gaI hai| (4) upamAnopameya kA sAmya 'dharma' ke AdhAra para varNita kiyA jAya, 'zabda' ke AdhAra para nhiiN| isase 'zleSa' alaMkAra kI vyAvatti kI gaI hai, kyoMki vahA~ 'zabda' ke AdhAra para sAmya varNita hotA hai| (5 ) 'anya' ( upamAna ) ke dvArA varNya ( upameya ) kI samAnatA varNita kI jAya / isase pratIpa alaMkAra kI vyAvRtti kI gaI hai| pratIpa alaMkAra meM varNya upamAna ho jAtA hai, avaye upameya / (6) 'vAcya' vizeSaNa ke dvArA vyaMgyopamA kA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| (7) 'ekadA'-ekavAkyagataprayoga ke dvArA upameyopamA kA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai, jahA~ do vAkyoM kA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai|' dIkSita ne isa lakSaNa meM bhI nimna doSa batAye haiM: (1) yaha lakSaNa kalpitopamA meM ghaTita nahIM hotA, kyoMki 'svataH siddhena' pada kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI utprekSA kI nyAvRtti ke lie isakA prayoga karanA vyartha hai, kyoMki utprekSA kA nirAkaraNa to 'sAmyaM' pada se hI ho jAtA hai| utprekSA meM 'samAnatA' nahIM hotI, vahA~ 'tAdAtmyAdisaMbhAbanA pAI jAtI hai| (2) 'bhinnena' pada kA prayoga ananvaya ke vAraNa ke lie diyA gayA hai, para kabhI kabhI upamA meM aisA dekhA jAtA hai ki upabheya sAmAnyarUpa hotA hai, upamAna vizeSarUpa, aisI sthiti meM vizeSa sAmAnya se bhinna to kahA nahIM jA sakatA, kyoMki vizeSa tathA sAmAnya meM paraspara saMbaMdha hotA hai / ataH 'minnena' vizeSaNa kA prayoga vyartha hai| (3) 'dharmataH' pada ke dvArA vidyAnAtha ne 'zamdasAmya' kA niSedha kiyA hai, para hama dekhate haiM ki upamA 'zabdasAmya' ko lekara bhI pAI jAtI hai| isa bAta para rudraTa ne jora diyA hai ki upamA meM 'zabdasAmya' bhI ho sakatA hai| 'sphuTamAlakArAvetAghupamAsamuccayo kintu / Azritya zabdamAnaM sAmAnyamihApi sNbhvtH|| vidyAnAtha ke lakSaNa ke anusAra 'sakalakalaM purametajjAtaM samprati sudhAMzubiMbamiva' ( yaha nagara isa samaya candrabiMba kI taraha sakalakala (purapakSa meM-kalakala zabda se yukta; candrapakSa meM-samasta kalAoM vAlA) ho gayA hai' meM upamA na ho skegii| ataH yaha lakSaNa duSTa hai| (4) 'anyena' pada jo pratIpa ke nirAkaraNa ke lie prayukta huA hai, ThIka nahIM, kyoMki yahA~ pahale prayukta pada 'minnena' kI punarukti pAI jAtI hai| (5) sAtha hI anyena' kA tAtparya hai, varNya se anya arthAt aprakRta / isa taraha jahA~ prakRta upamAna se prakRta upameya kI tulanA kI jAtI hai, usa 'samuccitopamA' meM yaha lakSaNa ghaTita na ho skegaa| 1.citramImAMsA pR08|

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(6) 'ekadA' pada ke dvArA vidyAnAtha ne upameyopamA kA vAraNa kiyA hai, para hama dekhate haiM ki kaI sthaloM para do vAkyoM meM bhI upamA ho sakatI hai, jaise 'parasparopamA' meM, ataH yaha pada vyartha hai|' . isake bAda dIkSita ne bhojarAja ke lakSaNa ko sadoSa batAyA hai| bhoja kA lakSaNa yaha hai"jahA~ do padArthoM meM prasiddhi ke kAraNa paraspara avayava-sAmAnya kA yoga ( avayavoM kI samAnatA) kA varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ upamA hotI hai|" prasiddharanurodhena yaH prsprmrthyoH| bhUyo'vayavasAmAnyayogaH sehopamA matA // ( sarasvatI0) isameM do doSa hai :-(1) pahile to upamAnopameya kA sAdharmya avayava (AkRti ) mUlaka mAnA hai, jaba ki upamA meM guNa, kriyAdi ko lekara bhI sAdharmya varNana ho sakatA hai, (2) isameM mI kalpitopamA kA samAveza nahIM ho pAtA, kyoMki vahA~ 'prasiddhi kA anurodha' nahIM hotaa| dIkSita ne upamA ke do lakSaNa diye haiM :(1) jisa sAdRzya varNana meM upamiti kriyA kI niSpatti ho, vaha upamA hai| (upmitikriyaanisspttimtsaadRshyvrnnnmupmaa|-citr0 pR0 20) ( 2 ) jo sAdRzyavarNana apane niSedha meM paryavasita na ho, vahA~ upamA hotI hai / (svaniSedhAparyavasAyisAdRzyavarNanamupamA-vahI pR0 20) appaya dIkSita ne batAyA hai ki inhIM lakSaNoM ke sAtha 'aduSTa' tathA 'avyaMgyaM' vizeSaNa lagA dene para upamA alaMkAra kA lakSaNa bana jAyagA / (alaMkArabhUtopamAlakSaNaM vetadevAduSTAmyaMgyatvavizeSitam-(vahI pR0 20) isa prakAra vaha sAdRzyavarNana, 'jo nirdoSa ho tathA vAcya (vyaMgya na ) ho, evaM upamiti kriyA meM niSpanna ho athavA jo apane ( sAdRzya ) ke niSedha meM niSpanna na ho, upamA hai|' upamAlakSaNa para vicAra karane ke bAda dIkSita ne upamA ke pUrNA tathA luptA bhedoM kA saMketa kiyA hai| pUrNA ke sAdhAraNa dharma kA vicAra karate hue dIkSita ne batAyA hai ki sAdhAraNa dharma nimna prakAroM meM se kisI eka taraha kA ho sakatA hai. :-1. anugAmirUpa, 2. vastuprativastubhAvarUpa, 3. biMbaprativibhAvarUpa, 4. zliSTa, 5. aupacArika, 6. samAsAntarAzrita 7. mizrita / isI sambandha meM ve batAte haiM ki luptA meM kevala anugAmirUpa hI dharma pAyA jAtA hai| paMDitarAja ne dIkSita ke isa mata ko nahIM mAnA hai / ve batAte haiM ki 'malaya iva jagati pANDavalmIka ivAdhi. dharaNi dhRtarASTra' jaisI luptopamA meM bhI sAdhAraNa dharma biMbapratibiMbabhAvarUpa ho sakatA hai / dIkSita ne vistAra ke sAtha eka-eka sAdhAraNa dharma ke rucira udAharaNa upanyasta kiye haiN| mizrita sAdhAraNa dharma ke anekoM prakAra udAhRta kiye gaye haiN| hama yahA~ isa prasaMga meM vistAra se jAnA anAvazyaka samajhate haiM, jijJAsugaNa citramImAMsA pR0 11-25 dekha sakate haiN| diGamAtra ke lie yahA~ mizrita sAdhAraNa dharma ke do udAharaNa upanyasta kiye jA rahe haiM, jisase viSaya kA spaSTIkaraNa ho skegaa| 'nRpaM tamAvartamanojJanAbhiH sA vyatyagAdanyavadhU vitrii| mahIdharaM mArgavazAdupetaM srotovahA sAgaragAminIva // ' 1.citramImAMsA pR09-13. 2. citramImAMsA pa016.

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[ 41 ] 'raghuvaMza SaSTha sarga ke indumatI svayaMvaravarNana kA patha hai / ( nadI kI ) sundara nAmi vAlI, bhaviSya meM anya kI patnI hone vAlI, usa indumatI ne usa pIche chor3a diyA, jaise sundara nAbhi ke samAna bha~vara vAlI, samudra ko jAne sAmane Aye parvata ko pIche chor3a detI hai / ' bha~vara ke samAna rAjA ko isI taraha vAlI nadI mArga meM yahA~ indumatI upameya hai, nadI upamAna / inake tIna sAdhAraNa dharma hai : - 'vyatyagAt ', 'anyavadhUrbhavitrI-sAgaragAminI', 'AvartamanojJanAbhiH ' / yahA~ prathama sAdhAraNa dharmaM 'kisI cIja ko pIche chor3a dene kI kriyA' hai, yaha donoM pakSoM - upamAnopameya - meM eka sA anvita hotA hai, ataH yaha anugAmI dharma hai| dUsarA sAdhAraNa dharmaM eka hI na hokara donoM pakSoM meM bhinna bhinna hai / indumatI ke pakSa meM vaha yaha hai ki 'indumatI dUsare ( aja ) kI patnI hone jA rahI hai'; jaba ki nadI ke pakSa meM vaha yaha hai ki 'vaha samudra ke pAsa jA rahI hai'| ataH ye donoM dharma bhinna-bhinna hone para bhI inameM paraspara biMbapratibiMbabhAva hai, pati kI patnI hone tathA nadI ke samudra meM girane meM biMbapratibiMbabhAva hai, isaliye yaha sAdhAraNa dharmaM biMbapratibiMbabhAvApanna hai / tIsarA dharma eka hI pada hai, para indumatI ke pakSa meM usakA vigraha hogA - 'Avartavat manojJA nAbhiryasyAH sA', jaba ki nadI ke pakSa meM isakA vigraha 'AvartaH manojJanAbhiriva yasyAH sA' hogaa| isa taraha yahA~ sAdhAraNa dharma samAsAMtarAzrita hai | cU~ki isa padya meM tIna taraha ke sAdhAraNa dharma haiM, ataH yaha mizrita sAdhAraNa dharma kA udAharaNa hai / asau maruccumbita cArukesaraH prasannatArAdhipamaMDalAgraNIH / viyuktarAmAturadRSTivIkSito vasantakAlo hanumAnivAgataH // 'havA ke dvArA hilate suMdara puSpakesara vAlA, prasanna candrabiMba se yukta, viyoginI ramaNiyoM kI Atura dRSTi ke dvArA dekhA gayA yaha vasanta Rtu marut ke dvArA cUme gaye ayAla vAle, prasanna sugrIva kI senA meM pramukha, sItA- viyogI rAmacandra kI Atura dRSTi se dekhe gaye hanumAn kI taraha A gayA hai / ' isa padya meM kaI sAdhAraNa dharma haiM :- 'AgataH' tathA 'AturadRSTivIkSitaH' ye donoM sAdhAraNa dharma anugAmI haiM / 'maruccumbitacArukesaraH' pada meM upacAra tathA zleSa kA mizraNa hai / yahA~ 'cumbita' pada kA vasanta pakSa meM aupacArika ( lakSya ) artha - sparza yukta, hilate hue - hogA, jaba ki hanumatpakSa meM sIdhA artha hogA / isI pada meM 'kesara' kA zliSTa prayoga hai, jo kramazaH puSpakesara' tathA 'hanumAn ke ayAla' ke lie prayukta huA hai| isI taraha 'tArAdhipamaNDala' tathA 'rAma ( rAmA ), zabda ke zliSTa prayoga meM bhI sAdhAraNa dharma ke duhare artha hoMge / isa prakAra yahA~ anugAmitA, zleSa tathA upacAra kA mizraNa pAyA jAtA hai / luptopamA ke prakaraNa meM dIkSita ne kevala ATha bhedoM kA hI sodAharaNa saMketa kiyA hai| isake bAda dIkSita ne mammaTAdi ke 25 upamAbheda - 6 pUrNAbheda tathA 19 luptAbhedoM- kA bhI saMketa kiyA hai para vyAkaraNazAstra ke AdhAra para kiye gaye isa bheda prakalpana se aruci hI dikhAI hai / 'evamayaM pUrNA luptAvibhAgo vAkya samAsapratyayavizeSagocaratayA zabdazAstranyutpattikauzala pradarzanamAtraprayojano nAtIvAlaMkArazAstre vyutpAdyatAmarhati / ' (citramImAMsA pR0 31) dIkSita ne upamA ko punaH tIna taraha kA batAyA hai : ( 1 ) svavaicitrya mAtra vizrAntA, jahA~ upamA kA camatkAra svayaM meM hI samApta ho jAya anya kimI ardha kI gati meM mahAyaka na ho /

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[ 42 / (2) uktArthopapAdanaparA, jahA~ kisI pratipAdita viSaya ( ukta artha ) ko aura adhika spaSTa karane ke lie upamA kA prayoga kiyA jAya / (3)vyAyapradhAnA, jahA~ ( vAcya ) upamA alaMkAra kisI vyaMgya vastu, alaMkAra yA rasa kA upaskAraka bana jAya / ___ hama yahA~ pratyeka ke udAharaNa dekara viSaya ko lambA nahIM bar3hAnA caahte| tadanaMtara upamA ( alaMkAra ) tathA japamAdhvani ( alaMkArya) ke bheda ko spaSTa karane ke lie dIkSita ne upamAdhvani ke udAharaNa diye haiN| isake bAda nyUnatva, adhikatva, liMgabheda, vacanabheda, asAdRzya tathA asaMbhava ina chaH upamAdoSoM kA tathA inake apavAdarUpa sthaloM kA vistAra se ullekha karate hue upamA prakaraNa ko samApta kiyA gayA hai| (2) upameyopamA citramImAMsA kA dUsarA alaMkAra upameyopamA hai| isameM bhI dIkSita ne pahale prAcInoM ke lakSaNa ko lekara usakI AlocanA kI hai| prAcInoM kA lakSaNa yaha hai :-'jahA~ do vastue~ paryAya se ( paraspara ) eka dUsare ke upamAnopameya baneM, vahA~ upameyopamA hotI hai, yaha upameyopamA do taraha kI ( sAdhAraNa yA anugAmI dharmaparaka tathA vastuprativastubhAvarUpa dharmaparaka ) hotI hai|' upamAnopameyatvaM dvayoH paryAyato yadi / upameyopamA sA syAda vividhaiSA prkiirtitaa|| isa lakSaNa meM nimna bAteM pAI jAtI haiM : (1) do padArthoM kA paryAya se' (paryAyataH ) upamAnopameyasva varNita kiyA jAya, arthAt do vAkyoM kA zrota yA artha prayoga karate hue prathama upameya ko dvitIya vAkya meM upamAna tathA prathama upamAna ko dvitIya vAkya meM upameya banA diyA jAya / yadi lakSaNa meM 'paryAyataH' kA prayoga na kiyA jAtA to isa lakSaNa kI tulyayogitA meM ativyApti ho jAtI, kyoMki tulyayogitA meM bhI do padArtha hote haiM, para vahA~ upamAnopameyabhAva 'paryAya se' nahIM hotaa| (2) sAtha hI paryAyata:' ke dvArA vyaMgya upameyopamA kA bhI samAveza kiyA gayA hai| (3) isake prayoga se 'rasanopamA' kI vyAvRtti kI gaI hai, kyoMki rasanopamA meM-bhaNitiriva matirmatiriva ceSTA ceSTeva kIrtirativimalA' meM-paryAyabheda se upamAnatva tathA upameyatva kalpanA pAI jAtI hai| (4) 'dividhA' ke dvArA isa bAta kA saMketa kiyA gayA hai ki upamA ke prakaraNa meM ukta sAta prakAra ke sAdhAraNa dharmoM meM yahA~ do hI taraha ke pAye jAte haiM :-anugAmI ( sAdhAraNa ) tathA vstuprtivstubhaavruup| isameM dIkSita ne nimna doSa DhUMDhe haiM :(1) yaha lakSaNa eka vAkyagata Artha upameyopamA meM ghaTita nahIM hotA, jaise isa padya meM : svalgunA yugapadunmiSitena tAvat sadyaH parasparatulAmadhirohatAM dve / praspandamAnaparuSetaratAramanta zvAstava pracalitabhramaraJca padmam // raghu ke vaitAlika usako jagAne ke lie bhogAvalI kA gAna kara rahe haiN| 'he kumAra, caMcala evaM komala kanInikA vAle tumhAre netra, tathA caMcala bhauMroM vAlA kamala donoM hI (prAtaHkAla ke

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[ 43] samaya ) sundara vikAsa ke kAraNa zIghra hI eka dUsare kI tulanA (samAnatA) ko dhAraNa kreN|" yahA~ 'netra' tathA 'kamala' ko eka dUsare kA upamAnopameya batAyA gayA hai, yaha 'parasparatulAmadhirohatAM' se spaSTa hai / para yahA~ do vAkyoM kA prayoga nahIM hai| vastutaH isa patha meM bhI upameyopamA hI hai| (2) sAtha hI ukta lakSaNa nimna padya meM ativyApta hotA hai, jaba ki yahA~ upameyopamA alaMkAra na hokara parasparopamA hai| rajobhi syandanodabhUtairgajaiga dhnsNnibhaiH| bhuvastalamiva vyoma kurvan pomeva bhUtalam // yahA~ pRthvI tathA vyoma ke sAdhAraNa dharma bhinna-bhinna haiM :-eka sthAna para hAthI hai, dUsare sthAna para megha, isalie inameM bimbapratibimbamAvarUpa dharma haiN| upameyopamA tabhI ho sakatI hai, jaba dharma yA to anugAmI ho yA vastuprativastubhAvarUpa / ataH yahA~ 'tRtIya sabrahmacArI ke niSedha' (inake samAna tIsarA padArtha saMsAra meM hai hI nahIM) kI pratIti nahIM hotii| upameyopamA meM yaha Avazyaka hai ki vahA~ 'tRtIya sabrahmacAridhyavaccheda' kI pratIti ho|' phalataH yahA~ ukta lakSaNa kA ativyApta honA doSa hai| dIkSita ne upameyopamA kA lakSaNa yaha diyA hai :-'jahA~ eka hI dharma ke AdhAra para upameya tathA upamAna meM paraspara eka dUsare ke sAtha vyaJjanA se yA anya vRtti se upamA pratipAdita kI jAya vahA~ upameyopamA hotI hai|' anyonyenopamA bodhyA vyaktyA vRttyantareNa vaa| ekadharmAzrayA yA syAtsopameyopamA smRtA // (3) ananvaya citramImAMsA kA tIsarA alaMkAra ananvaya hai| ananvaya kA prAcInoM kA lakSaNa yaha hai :'jahA~ eka hI padArtha upamAna tathA upameya donoM ho, vahA~ ananvaya alaMkAra hotA hai'| (ekasyaiH vopamAnopameyasve'nanvayo mataH-(citra0 pR0 47) / (1) eka hI padArtha (ekasyaiva ) ke dvArA yahA~ upameyopamA tathA rasanopamA kI vyAvRtti kI gaI hai, kyoMki vahA~ do padArtha yA aneka padArthe upamAnatva tathA upameyatva , dhAraNa karate haiN| (2) isameM dharma sadA anugAmI hotA hai| dIkSita ne batAyA hai ki 'eka hI padArtha kA upamAnopameyabhAva kabhI-kabhI ananvaya kA kSetra nahIM hotaa| hama dekhate haiM ki kaI sthAnoM para kavi upamaiya ko hI kisI bhinna dharma ke AdhAra para upamAna banA detA hai, jaise nimna padya meM 'upAdade tasya sahastrarazmistvaSTrA navaM nirmitamAtapatram / sa taddukUlAdavidUramaulirbabhau pataGga ivottamAGge // ' 1. na patra dharmasya sAdhAraNyaM vastuprativastumAvo vaasti| gaganasya bhUtalena sAdRzye rajovyAptatvaM saadhaarnndhrmH| bhUtalasya gaganena sAdRzye gajAnAM meghAnAM ca bimbapratibimbabhAva ityatyantavilakSaNatvAt / ata evAtra tRtIyasabrahmacArivyavacchedarUpaM phalamapi na siddhayati / (citramImAMsA pR0 43)

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[ 44 ] 'Atapatra' se yukta ziva jinakA mastaka zvetAtapatra ke rezamI vasa ko chU rahA thA, aise dikhAI de rahe the jaise 'gaMgA se yukta sira vAle ve svayaM hI hoN|' yahA~ upamAna tathA upameya donoM 'ziva' hI haiM, para itanA hone para unake dharma eka nahIM haiM / ataH 'ekasyaiva' pada kA prayoga ThIka nahIM hai / ___ dIkSita ne apanA lakSaNa yoM diyA hai :-'jahA~ eka padArtha kI upamA svayaM usI se dI jAya tathA vaha kevala anugAmI dharma ke AdhAra para ho, vahA~ anvartha nAma vAlA 'ananvaya' alaMkAra hotA hai| svasya svenopamA yA syAdanugAmyekadharmikA / anvarthanAmadheyo'yamananvaya itIritaH // (citra0 pR0 49) (4) smaraNa smaraNa alaMkAra ke viSaya meM dIkSita ne prAcInoM ke lakSaNa kA khaMDana nahIM kiyA hai| smaraNa kA citramImAMsokta lakSaNa yaha hai :-'jahA~ sAdRzya ke AdhAra para (kisI eka vastu ko dekha kara) anya vastu kI smRti ho Aye tathA vaha smRti vyaMgya na hokara vAcya ho, vahA~ smaraNa nAmaka alaMkAra hotA hai| smRtiH sAdRzyamUlA yA vssvntrsmaashryaa| smaraNAlaMkRtiH sA syaadvynggytvvishessitaa|| (citra0 pR0 50) (1) smaraNa alaMkAra vahIM hogA, jahA~ sAdRzya ke AdhAra para kisI anya vastu kA smaraNa kiyA jAya, ataH smRti saMcAramAva meM smaraNa alaMkAra nahIM hogaa| nimna sthaloM meM 'smRti' saMcA. ribhAva hai, smaraNa alaMkAra nhiiN| (a) ciptaM puro na jagRhe muharicukANDaM nApekSate sma nikaTopagatA kareNum / sasmAra vAraNapatiH parimIlitAkSamicchAvihAravanavAsamahotsavAnAm // ( mAgha ) (A) sadhana kuMja chAyA sukhada sItala maMda samIra / mana kai jAta ajo bahai vA jamunA ke tIra // (vihArI) (2) sAtha hI sAdRzyamUlaka smRti ke vAcya hone para hI smaraNa alaMkAra ho sakegA, yadi vahA~ 'vyaMgyatva' hogA, to vahA~ alaMkAra dhvani hogI, alaMkAra nahIM, jaise nimna padya meM jahA~ 'hirana' kI bAta sunakara rAma ko hirana ke netroM kA smaraNa ho AtA hai, isase unake samAna sItA ke netroM kA tathA svayaM sItA kA smaraNa ho AtA hai| yaha sItAviSayaka smRti vyaMgya hai, vAcya nahIM, ataH nimna padya meM 'smaraNadhvani' hai, smaraNAlaMkAra nhiiN| 'saumitre nanu sevyatAM tarutalaM caNDAMzurujjambhate, caNDAMzornizi kA kathA raghupate candro'yamunmIlati / vassaitadviditaM kathaM nu bhavatA dhatte kuraMgaM yataH, kAsi preyasi hA kuraMganayane candrAnane jAnaki // " 1. isa patha kI hiMdI vyAkhyA ke lie de0-kuvalayAnaMda, hiMdI vyAkhyA pR0 277 /

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[ 45 ] (5) rUpaka bhedAbheda pradhAna alaMkAroM kA vivecana karane ke bAda dIkSita ne abhedapradhAna rUpaka alaMkAra kA vivecana kiyA hai / yahA~ bhI dIkSita ne pahale prAcInoM kA nimna lakSaNa dekara usakI sadoSatA batAI hai| 'jahA~ AropyamANa (viSayI, candrAdi ) atirohitarUpa (arthAt jisakA tirodhAna na kiyA jAya) AropaviSaya (mukhAdi) ko apane raMga meM raMga de, vahA~ rUpaka alaMkAra hotA hai|' AropaviSayasya syAdatirohitarUpiNaH / uparAkamAropyamANaM tadrUpakaM matam // (citra0 pR0 52) isa lakSaNa meM nimna bAteM pAI jAtI haiM : (1)viSayI Aropa viSaya kA uparaMjaka ho, arthAt donoM meM abheda sthApanA ho tathA viSaya kA upAdAna kiyA jAya / isase isa lakSaNa meM utprekSA tathA atizayokti kI ativyApti na ho sakegI, kyoMki utprekSA meM viSaya, Aropa kriyA kA viSaya ( AropaviSaya) nahIM hotA, tathA atizayokti meM viSayI viSaya kA nigaraNa kara letA hai| ataH donoM hI meM Aropa nahIM hotaa| (2) 'atirohitarUpiNaH' pada ke dvArA saMdeha, bhrAMtimAn tathA apahati kA vAraNa kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki saMdeha, bhrAMtimAn athavA apahuti meM kramazaH viSaya kA saMdeha, anAhArya mithyAzAna athavA niSedha pAyA jAtA hai| ataH vahA~ viSaya (mukhAdi ) kA 'viSayatva' (mukhatvAdi ) tirohita rahatA hai| (3) 'uparakSaka' pada ke dvaar| samAsokti tathA pariNAma kA vyAvartana kiyA gayA hai| samA. sokti meM viSayI viSaya kA uparaMjaka nahIM hotA, kyoMki yahA~ rUpasamAropa nahIM pAyA jaataa| samAsokti meM prastuta vRttAnta para aprastuta vRttAnta kA vyavahArasamAropa pAyA jAtA hai| pariNAma meM bhI viSaya kA viSayI ke rUpa meM uparaMjana nahIM pAyA jAtA, apitu ulaTe viSayI svayaM viSaya ke rUpa meM pariNata hokara prakRtopayogI banatA hai| dIkSina ne isa lakSaNa meM nimna doSa hU~Dhe haiM : (1) Apane 'AropaviSayasya' pada ke dvArA utprekSA kA vAraNa karanA cAhA hai / isa viSaya meM yaha prazna pUchA jA sakatA hai ki Aropa tathA adhyavasAya kA Apa kyA bheda mAnate haiM ? yadi ApakA mata yaha hai jahA~ viSaya tathA viSayI donoM kA svazabdataH upAdAna ho tathA unameM abheda-pratipatti ho, vahA~ Aropa hotA hai, tathA jahA~ viSaya kA nigaraNa karake viSayI kI usake sAtha abheda-pratipatti pAI jAya, vahA~ adhyavasAya hotA hai, to phira utprekSA adhyavasAyamUlaka na hokara AropamUlaka bana jaaygii| kyoMki utprekSA meM viSaya tathA viSayI donoM kA svazabdataH upAdAna hotA hai| phira to ApakA lakSaNa utprekSA kA vAraNa na kara skegaa| vastutaH donoM meM abhedapratipatti nahIM hotii| Aropa (rUpaka) meM tAdrUpyapratipatti hotI hai, adhyavasAya ( utprekSA tathA atizayokti ) meM abhedapratipatti hotI hai-yaha ina donoM kA vAstavika bheda hai / ataH Apako. utprekSA kA vAraNa karane ke lie apane lakSaNa meM 'tAdrUpyapratipatti' kA saMketa karanA cAhie thaa| (2) atirohitarUpiNaH' pada se Apane sandeha, bhrAMtimAn tathA apahati kI vyAvRtti mAnI hai / isameM do kamI haiM, pahale to isase atizayokti tathA utprekSA kA bhI vAraNa ho jAtA hai, kyoMki atizayokti meM viSaya nigIrNa hotA hai, ataH vaha tirohita rUpa mAnA jA sakatA hai. tathA

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[ 46 ] utprekSA meM bhI AhArya saMbhAvanA ke kAraNa viSaya 'tirohita rUpa' hotA hI hai| ataH ina donoM ke vAraNa ke lie prayukta prathama pada 'AropaviSayasya' vyartha hai| sAtha hI isa pada se apahnati kA vAraNa kiyA gayA hai, para vastutaH apahnati meM 'viSaya' tirohita nahIM, hotA, kyoMki 'medaM mukhaM kiM tu candraH' meM mukhatva kA niSedha kara candratva kA jo Aropa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha kevala kalpita hotA hai, ataH yahA~ viSayI viSaya kA tirodhAyaka nahIM hotaa| (3) isa lakSaNa kI nidarzanA meM ativyApti pAI jAtI hai| kyoMki tAdrUpyAropa to vahA~ bhI pAyA jAtA hai, yaha dUsarI bAta hai ki vahA~ upameyavAkyArtha para upamAnavAkyArtha kA Aropa hotA hai / ataH yaha lakSaNa duSTa hai| isake bAda dIkSita ne bhojarAja ke rUpaka lakSaNa kA bhI khaNDana kiyA hai| bhoja ke matAnusAra, 'jahA~ upamAna ke vAcaka zabdoM kA gauNa vRtti ( lakSaNA) ke Azraya ke kAraNa upameya ke artha meM prayoga ho vahA~ rUpaka alaMkAra hotA hai|' yadopamAnazabdAnAM gauNavRttivyapAzrayAt / upameye bhaved vRttistadA tadrUpakaM viduH // ( sarasvatI kaNThA0 ) isa lakSaNa meM sabase bar3A doSa yaha hai ki yaha lakSaNa atizayokti meM ativyApta hotA hai| atizayokti meM bhI gauNa vRtti kA Azraya lete hue upamAna kA upameya ke artha meM prayoga hotA hI hai| 'mukhaM candraH' ( rUpaka ) meM gauNI sAropA lakSaNA pAI jAtI hai, tathA mukha ko dekhakara 'candraH' kahane meM gauNI sAdhyavasAnA lakSaNA hotI hai / ataH kevala gauNI vRtti ke Azraya meM rUpaka mAnane para ( mukhaM) candraH' ( atizayokti ) meM bhI rUpaka kA prasaMga upasthita hogaa| isI sambandha meM dIkSita ne eka mahattvapUrNa bAta kI ora saMketa kiyA hai| prAcIna AlaMkArika rUpaka tathA atizayokti donoM alaMkAroM meM lakSaNA kA kSetra mAnate haiN| kintu dhyAna se vicAra karane para patA calegA ki lakSaNA kA saccA kSetra atizayokti meM hI hai, rUpaka meM to hama kisI taraha lakSaNA kA niSedha bhI kara sakate haiN| atizayokti meM viSaya ke vAcaka mukhAdi padoM kA prayoga na karate hue viSayivAcaka candrAdi padoM ke dvArA usakA pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai, ataH yaha lakSaNA mAnanI hI pdd'egii| para rUpaka meM to viSayavAcaka mukhAdi tathA viSayivAcaka candrAdi donoM kA prayoga hotA hai tathA unameM kevala anvaya ke kAraNa hI abhedapratipatti hotI hai, ataH yahA~ lakSaNA kyoM mAnI jAtI hai ? vastutastvatizayoktAveva lakSaNA na tu rUpake iti zakyaM vyavasthApayitum' tathAhi atizayoktau viSayAbhidhAyimukhAdipadAprayogAJcandrAdipadenaiva tatpratyAyanaM kAryamiti tasya tatra lkssnnaavshymaastheyaa| rUpake viSayaviSayiNoH svasvavAcakAbhihitayorabhedapratipattiH saMsargamaryAdayeva sambhavatIti kimarthaM tatra lakSaNA, azakyA ca tatra lakSaNAbhyupagantum / ' (citramImAMsA pR0 54 ) ___ sAtha hI, bhojarAja ke lakSaNa meM tIna doSa aura haiM :-prathama to yaha lakSaNa vyaMgyarUpaka meM ghaTita nahIM hotA, dUsare zuddhA sAropA lakSaNAmUlaka rUpaka alaMkAra meM bhI yaha ghaTita nahIM hotA', . 1. kucha AlaMkArikoM ne zuddhA sAropA lakSaNA meM bhI rUpaka alaMkAra mAnA hai| isa mata kA saMketa hameM zobhAkara ke alaMkAraratnAkara tathA vidyAdhara kI ekAvalI meM milatA hai| inake mata se

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[ 47 ] tIsare 'gaurvAhIkaH' jaise acamatkArI sthaloM meM bhI rUpaka alaMkAra mAnanA par3egA kyoMki vahA~ yaha lakSaNa ativyApta hotA hai / isake sAtha hI dIkSita ne 'upamaiva tirobhUtabhedA rUpakamucyate' tathA 'tadrUpakamabhedo'yamupamAnopameyayoH' prAcInoM ke ina anya lakSaNoM meM bhI ativyApti Adi doSa batAye haiN| dIkSita rUpaka kA nimna lakSaNa dete haiM : : bimbAviziSTe nirdiSTe viSaye yadyani hute / uparaJjakatAmeti viSayI rUpakaM tadA // (citra0 pU0 56 ) 'jahA~ bimbA viziSTa ( bimbapratibimbabhAvarahita ), zabdataH upAtta ( nirdiSTa ), tathA anita ( jisakA niSedha yA gopana na kiyA gayA ho ) biSaya ( mukhAdi ) para viSayI ( candrAdi ) uparakSakatA ko prApta hoM, arthAt tadviziSTa viSaya ko apane raMga meM raMga de, vahA~ rUpaka alaMkAra hotA hai / " isa lakSaNa meM nimna bAteM pAI jAtI haiM : -- ( 1 ) viSaya 'bimba' rUpa na ho arthAt viSaya tathA viSayI meM bimbapratibimbamAva na ho, bimbapratibimbabhAva hone para vahA~ nidarzanA alaMkAra ho jAyagA / ataH nidarzanA kA vAraNa karane ke lie 'bimbAviziSTe' kahA gayA hai / ( 2 ) sAtha hI viSaya kA svazabdataH nirdeza kiyA gayA ho, kyoMki usakA svazabdataH nirdeza na hone para atizayokti hogI / ataH 'nirdiSTe' ke dvArA atizayokti kA vAraNa kiyA gayA hai / sAtha hI isa sambandha meM isakA bhI saMketa kara diyA jAya ki vyaMgya rUpaka meM viSaya kA to nirdeza hotA hI hai, kintu viSayI kA nirdeza nahIM hotA, ataH isa lakSaNa kA samanvaya vahA~ ho hI jAyagA / jo loga kAryakAraNamUlaka yA anya prakAra ke sAdRzyetaramUlaka Aropa meM rUpaka na mAna kara 'hetu' alaMkAra mAnate haiM, unake mata se 'viSaye' kA artha 'upameye' lenA hogA / kintu jo loga ( ekAvalIkAra vidyAdharAdi ) vahA~ bhI rUpaka mAnate haiM unake mata se 'viSaye' kA artha kevala 'dharmiNi' lenA hogA / ( 3 ) 'anihnute' ke dvArA isa lakSaNa meM isa bAta kA saMketa kiyA gayA hai ki yahA~ viSaya kA niSedha nahIM kiyA jAtA, ataH isase niSedha paraka ( apahRtramUlaka ) apahnuti kA vAraNa ho jAtA hai / ( 4 ) 'uparaJjakatAM' kA artha hai - ' AhAryatAdrUpyagocaratAM' arthAt kavi mukhAdi tathA candrAdi ko kalpita ( svecchAkRta, AhArya ) tAdrUpya kA viSaya banA de / isake dvArA sandeha, utprekSA. samAsokti, pariNAma tathA bhrAMtimAn kA vAraNa ho jAtA hai| saMdeha tathA utprekSA meM nizcaya nahIM 'sAdRzyetara saMbandha' hone para bhI jahA~ kAraNa para kArya kA Aropa pAyA jAtA hai, vahA~ rUpaka alaGkAra hI hotA hai, jaise isa padya meM, jahA~ 'candra' ( kAraNa ) para 'netrAnanda' ( kArya ) kA Aropa pAyA jAtA hai : 'tataH kumudanAthena kAminIgaNDapANDunA / netrAnandena candreNa mAheMdrI digalaMkRtA // ' paNDitarAja ne isa mata ko nahIM mAnA hai / ve prAcInoM ke ki sAdRzya sambandha hone para hI rUpaka ho sakegA / dIkSita ne bhI diyA hai, jo kAraNa para kArya ke Aropa meM rUpaka na mAnakara isI mata kI pratiSThApanA karate haiM citramImAMsA meM eka dUsarA mata 'hetu' alaMkAra mAnate haiM : (de0 citramImAMsA pR0 55-56 )

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[4 ] hotA / samAsokti tathA pariNAma meM tAdrUpya nahIM hotA, kyoMki samAsokti meM vyavahArasamAropa hotA hai, pariNAma meM viSayI hI svayaM viSaya ke rUpa meM pariNata hotA hai| bhrAMtimAna meM vAstavika yA kalpita bhrAnti anAhArya yA svArasika hotI hai| ___ uparyukta lakSaNa kevala 'rUpaka' kA hai, alaMkAra kA nhiiN| isake sAtha 'avyaMgyaM vizeSaNa lagA dene para yahI rUpaka alaMkAra kA vizeSaNa ho jAyagA / paNDitarAja ne isa lakSaNa kA khaNDana kiyA hai| dIkSita ne isa bAta para jora diyA hai ki rUpaka meM bimbapratibimbamAva nahIM hotA, jaba ki nidarzanA meM bimbapratibimbamAva pAyA jAtA hai| paNDitarAja ne isa mata ko duSTa batAyA hai| vimarzinIkAra jayaratha kI sAkSI para ve batAte haiM ki rUpaka meM bhI bimbapratibimbabhAva ho sakatA hai| ataH dIkSita kA yaha lakSaNa duSTa hai| ( dekhiyehindI kuvalayAnanda TippaNI pR0 15-16) / citramImAMsA meM dIkSita ne rUpaka ke kevalaniravayava, mAlAniravayavAdi ATha prakAroM kA sodA. haraNa upanyAsa kiyA hai / ( de0-hindI kuvalayAnanda TippaNI pR0 21-22) / (6) pariNAma pariNAma alaMkAra ke viSaya meM dIkSita ne apanA koI lakSaNa nahIM diyA hai| Arambha meM prAcInoM ke lakSaNa ko lekara usakI parIkSA kI gaI hai| prAcInoM kA lakSaNa hai :-'jahA~ AropyamANa (viSayI, candrAdi) prakRtopayogI ho, vahA~ pariNAma hotA hai' (ArogyamANasya prakRto. payogisve prinnaamH|) yaha lakSaNa alaMkArasarvasvakAra ruyyaka kA hai| (de0 alaMkArasarvasva pR051) isa lakSaNa ke viSaya meM kucha zaMkA kI jA sakatI hai| isa zaMkA kA AdhAra 'prakRtopayogitve' hai| hama dekhate haiM ki ruyyaka ne viSayI ke prakRtakAryopayogI hone meM yahA~ pariNAma mAnA hai, para svayaM ruyyaka ne kaI udAharaNa rUpaka alaMkAra meM aise diye haiM, jahA~ AropyamANa (viSayI ) meM prakRtakAryopayogitva pAyA jAtA hai / dIkSita ne aise tIna udAharaNa liye haiM, jinameM eka yaha hai: 'etAnyavantIzvarapArijAtajAtAni tArApatipANDurANi / sampratyahaM pazyata digvadhUnAM yazaHprasUnAnyavataMsayAmi // ' yahA~ avantIzvararUpI kalpavRkSa ke yazaHprasUnoM ko digvadhuoM ke karNAbhUSaNa ( avataMsa ) banAne . kA varNana hai / isa padya meM 'mayUravyaMsakAdi' ( uttarapadapradhAna ) samAsa hone se 'prasUna' kI pradhA. natA ho jAtI hai / 'prasUna' ( AropyamANa) avataMsanakriyA meM upayogI hai hii| phira to pariNAma kA ukta lakSaNa mAnane para yahA~ bhI pariNAma mAnanA pdd'egaa| ataH yaha lakSaNa ativyApta ho jAtA hai| sAtha hI isameM yaha bhI doSa hai ki isakI ativyApti bhrAMtimAn , apahnati, atizayokti tathA anumAna meM bhI pAI jAtI hai, kyoMki vahA~ bhI prakRtakAryopayogitva pAyA jAtA hai| hama pratyeka kA udAharaNa le leN| bhinneSu ratnakiraNaiH kiraNevihendo ruccAvacairupagateSu sahasrasaMkhyAm / doSApi nUnamahimAMzurasau kileti vyAkozakokanadatA dadhate nlinyH||

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[4 ] 'isa raivataka parvata para hone vAle ratnoM kI kiraNoM se mizrita candrakiraNoM ke sahasra saMkhyA dhAraNa karane para, paminiyAM rAta meM bhI yaha soca kara ki yaha to (candramA nahIM) sUrya hI hai, apane kamaloM ko vikasita kara detI hai| isa patra meM raivataka parvata ke ratnoM kI kAMti se mizrita candrakiraNoM ko sUrya kA prakAza samajha lene meM bhrAMtimAn alaMkAra hai| yahAM bhI 'ahimAMzu' (sUrya-AropyamANa) vikAsarUpa prakRta kArya meM upayogI hai hI / ataH ukta lakSaNa kI yahA~ ativyApti hogii| 'vikasadamaranArInetranIlAbjakhaNDA nyadhivasati sadA yaH saMyamAdhAkRtAni / na tu rucirakalApe vartate yo mayUre vitaratu sa kumAro brahmacaryazriyaM yH||' 've svAmikArtikeya no deva-ramaNiyoM ke saMyama ke kAraNa avanata. prasannatA se praphuchita netra. rUpI nIla kamalavanoM para virAjamAna rahate haiM, sundara pUMcha vAle mayUra para nahIM, Apa logoM ko brahmacarya pradAna kreN| yahAM kumAra ke vAstavika vAhana 'mayara' kA niSedha kara aprakRta 'amaranArInetroM kI sthApanA kI gaI hai, ataH apahuti alaMkAra hai| isa patha meM 'amaranArInetra' rUpa aprastuta brahmacaryavitaraNa rUpa prakRta kArya meM upayogI ho rahA hai, ataH yahAM bhI ukta lakSaNa kI ativyApti hogii| urobhuvA kuMbhayugena jambhitaM navopahAreNa vayaskRtena kim / trapA saridurgamapi pratIrya sA nalasya tanvI hadayaM viveza yat // 'kyA yauvana ke dvArA upahAra meM lAye gaye ( jinake samIpa hAra thA), vakSaHsthala para paidA hone vAle kumbhayugala ke dvArA apanA vistAra prakaTa kiyA gayA thA ? kyoMki tabhI to usa sundarI damayaMtI ne lajjArUpI nadI ke durga ke pAra kara nala ke hRdaya meM praveza kiyaa| yahAM atizayokti hai, kyoMki 'kumbhayugena' (viSayI) ne 'kucayugala' (viSayI) kA nigaraNa kara liyA hai| isa padya meM bhI viSayI sarittaraNa rUpa prakRtakArya meM upayogI pAyA jAtA hai| ataH ukta lakSaNa kI yahAM bhI ativyApti ho rahI hai| isI taraha dIkSita ne anumAna meM bhI isakI ativyApti siddha kI hai| dIkSita ne pUrvapakSI ke mata se isakA samAdhAna yoM diyA hai ki isa lakSaNa kA artha yaha hai :'jahA~ AropyamANa prakRta ke rUpa meM upayogI ho (prakRtAtmanA upayogitve) vahA~ pariNAma hotA hai|' aisA artha lene para rUpaka Adi meM ativyApti na hogii| 'prakRta' zabda ke dvArA hamArA tAtparya 'viSaya' hai / isa prakAra 'jahA~ mAropyamANa AropaviSaya ke rUpa meM sthita hokara prakRtagamaka kA upayogI ho vahA~ pariNAma alaMkAra hotA hai|' dIkSita ne pariNAma kA svayaM koI lakSaNa nibaddha nahIM kiyA hai, apitu pratAparudrIyakAra vidyAnAtha ke hI nimna lakSaNa ko kucha heraphera ke sAtha mAna liyA hai. jisakA artha hama abhI-abhI de cuke hai: 'dhAropyamANamAropaviSayAsmatayA sthitam / prakRtasyopayogi syAtpariNAma udAhataH // ' (citra0 pR0 66) dIkSita ke matAnusAra vidyAnAtha ke isa lakSaNa meM itanA pariSkAra karanA hogA ki 'prakRtasya' pada kI vyAkhyA 'prakRtagamakasya' karanI hogii| 4 ku0 bhU0

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[ 50 ] pariNAma alaMkAra do taraha kA hotA hai: samAnAdhikaraNyamUlaka, vaiyadhikaraNyamUlaka / sAmAnAdhikaraNyamUlaka meM viSayI tathA viSaya donoM eka hI vibhakti meM hote haiN| udAharaNa ke liye 'tasmai saumitrimaitrImayamupakRtavAnAtaraM nAvikAya' meM 'bhAtara' (viSayI) tathA 'saumitrimaitrI' (viSaya) donoM eka hI vibhakti meM haiM / vaiyadhikaraNyamUlaka pariNAma meM viSayI tathA viSaya alaga-alaga vibhakti meM hote haiM / jaise nimna udAharaNa meM : -- tumnAgajAlakairhArAn kAJjI: keyUradAmabhiH | karNikAH karNikAraizca vihatuM vidadhurvane // 'una ramaNiyoM ne vana meM vihAra karane ke lie punnAgoM ke dvArA hAroM, kaiyUradAma ke dvArA karadhanI tathA karNikAra ke dvArA kaNikAe~ banAI / ' yahA~ 'hArAdi' (viSayI ) tathA 'punnAgajAlakAdi' (viSaya) bhinnavibhaktika haiM / (7) sasandeha sasaMdeha alaMkAra ke prakaraNa meM dIkSita ne sarvaprathama prAcInoM kA lakSaNa dekara usakI parIkSA kI hai| prAcInoM kA lakSaNa yaha hai : sAmyAdaprakRtArthasya yA dhIranavadhAraNA / prakRtArthAzrayA tajjJaiH sasaMdehaH sa iSyate // ( citra0 pR0 70 ) 'jahA~ sAdRzya ke AdhAra para prakRta ( upameya ) padArtha meM utpanna ho, use vidvAn loga sasaMdeha kahate haiM / ' aprakRta padArtha kI anizcita buddhi isa lakSaNa meM kucha doSa hai : ( 1 ) yadi hama 'sAmyAt' pada meM phalatvena hetutvavivakSA mAnate haiM to 'AnIya dviSatAM 'dhanAni' Adi saMdeha ke udAharaNa meM isakI vyApti na ho sakegI / (2) yadi hama isa pada meM svataH hetutvavivakSA mAnate haiM, to 'ayaM mArtaNDaH kiM' Adi patha meM saMdeha na ho sakegA / ( 3 ) sAtha hI isa lakSaNa kI ativyApti vikalpa alaMkAra - 'iha namaya ziraH kaliMgavadvA samara mukhe karahATavaddhanurvA' meM hogI / (4) lakSaNa meM prayukta 'anavadhAraNA' pada kA artha kyA hai ? yadi usakA artha anizcayAtmakatA hai, to isa lakSaNa kI ativyApti utprekSA ke udAharaNoM meM hogI, kyoMki buddhi kI anizcitatA vahA~ bhI pAI jAtI hai / yadi 'anavadhAraNA' kA artha yaha hai ki buddhi meM aneka pakSa eka dUsare ko paraspara Dhakelate rahate haiM, tathA vaha kisI eka koTi meM sthira nahIM ho pAtI, api tu aneka koTiyoM kA sparza karatI hai, to phira apahRti ke udAharaNa 'aMka' kepi zaMzakire' (de0 kuvalayAnanda pR0 29 ) meM isakI ativyApti hotI hai / (5) sAtha hI 'prakRtArthAzrayA' pada mI ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki kabhI-kabhI varNanIyaM prakRta padArtha saMdeha kA Azraya nahIM hotA, apitu usameM sambaddha padArtha hotA hai, jaise 'asthAH sargavidhau prajApatirabhUccandro nu kAMtipradaH' ityAdi padya meM varNanIya nAyikA saMdeha buddhi kA Azraya na hokara, vedAbhyAsajaDa brahmA saMdehabuddhi kA Azraya hai / ataH isa udAharaNa meM yaha lakSaNa lAgU na hogA /

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[ 51 ] . dIkSita kA svayaM kA lakSaNa nimna hai: 'buddhiH srvaatmnaanyonytepinaanaarthsNshryaa| sAdRzyamUlA vArthaspRksaMdehAlaMkRtirmatA // ' 'jisa sAdRzyamUlaka buddhi meM, eka dUsare ko saba prakAra se haTAte hue aneka padArthoM kA anubhava ho tathA jo 'vA' artha kA sparza karatI hai, use saMdeha alaMkAra kahA jAtA hai / ' . isa lakSaNa meM 'anyonyAkSepinAnArthasaMzrayA' pada vizeSa mahattva kA hai| saMbhavataH kucha loga isakI ativyApti vikalpa alaMkAra meM mAneM, kintu bahA~ samasta artha eka dUsare kA pratikSepa nahIM krte| vikalpa meM sadA do pakSa hote haiM tathA jisa vyakti ko jaisA phala cAhie vaha vaise pakSa kA Azraya letA hai| ataH dhyAna se dekhane para vahA~ eka hI pakSa kA mahattva hotA hai, praNata rAjA ke pakSa meM vaha zironamana hai; yuddha karane kI kSamatA vAle rAjA ke pakSa meM dhanurnamana / isI taraha apakRti meM bhI donoM pakSa samAnarUpa se eka dUsare ke pratikSepI nahIM hote| ataH yaha lakSaNa unameM ativyApti nahIM hogaa| (8) bhrAMtimAn citramImAMsA meM bhrAMtimAn kA nimna lakSaNa diyA gayA hai : 'kavisaMmatasAdRzyAdviSaye pihitAramani / AropyamANAnubhavo yatra sa bhraantimaanmtH||' (citra0 pR0 75) jahA~ kavipratibhA ke dvArA kalpita usa viSaya para, jisakA viSayatva ( mukhatvAdi ) chipA diyA jAya, anubhavitA ko AropyamANa ( viSayI, candrAdi) kA anubhava ho, vahA~ bhrAMtimAn alaMkAra hotA hai|' isa lakSaNa meM prayukta 'pihitAtmani' pada ke dvArA isa bAta kI ora saMketa kiyA gayA hai ki viSaya meM viSayI kA anubhava svArasika evaM kavipratibhA ke dvArA kalpita hotA hai, rUpaka kI bhA~ti AhArya nahIM hotaa| isaliye isa lakSaNa kI vyApti rUpaka Adi anya alaMkAroM meM na ho skegii| __ appaya dIkSita ne isake kaI prakAra diye haiM :-(1) zuddha bhrAMti, (2) uttarottara bhrAMtiH (3) minnakartRka uttarottara bhrAMti, (4) anyonyaviSayaka bhrAMti / inameM dvitIya tathA tRtIya prakAra kI bhrAMti meM vizeSa camatkAra pAyA jAtA hai / dimAtra udAharaNa yaha hai : 'zikSAnaimaJjarIti stanakalazayugaM cumbitaM caJcarIkai stattrAsollAsalIlAH kisalayamanasA pANayaH kiirdssttaaH| tallopAyAlapantyaH pikaninadadhiyA tADitAH kAkalokai ritthaM colendrasiMha tvadarimRgahazAM nApyaraNyaM zaraNyam // ' 'he colarAja, tumhArI zatruramaNiyoM ko jaMgala meM bhI zaraNa nahIM mila paatii| unake stanakalazoM ko mArI samajha kara gUMjate bhauMroM ne cUma liyA; bhauMroM se Darane ke kAraNa savilAsa karapallavoM ko kisalaya samajha kara totoM ne kATa liyA; aura unheM bhagAne ke lie cillAtI (tumhArI zatruramaNiyoM ko ) koyala kI vANI samajha kara kauoM ne mAra bhgaayaa|' yahA~ bhinnakartRka uttarottarabhrAMti kA nibaMdhana pAyA jAtA hai| bhaure, tote tathA kaura bhrAMti se stanakalaza, karapallava evaM vANI ko kramazaH maMjarI, kisalaya evaM kokilAlApa samajha baiThate haiN|

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[ 52 ] isa padya ko lekara paMDitarAja jagannAtha tathA vizvezvara donoM ne rasagaMgAdhara evaM kaustubha meM dIkSita kA khaMDana kiyA hai| unhoMne isa patha kI racanA ko hI avisaMSThula batAyA hai, tathA isameM kaI doSa DhUMDhe hai| pahale to stanakalazoM meM maMjarI kI bhrAMti nibaddha karanA vyartha hai, kyoMki unameM sAdRzya kavisamayaprasiddha nahIM hai| ataH jaba unameM sAdRzya hI nahIM hai, to bhrAMtimAn kaise ho sakegA ? dUsare, 'kIradaSTAH' pada duSTa hai, isameM avimRSTavidheyAMza doSa hai| yahA~ kIrairdaSTAH' honA cAhie thaa| tIsare, 'pikaninadapiyA' pada bhI duSTa hai| kauoM ko ramaNiyoM meM kokilAlApa kI bhrAMti nahIM hotI, hA~ kokilAoM kI bhrAMti ho sakatI hai| sAtha hI kaue kokilAoM ko hI mAra bhagAte hai, kokilAlApa (pikaninada ) ko nhiiN| ataH yahA~ 'pikanikaraghiyA' pATha honA caahie| sAtha hI koyala kA zabda 'kUjita' kahalAtA hai, 'ninada' nahIM, ataH yaha bhI doSa hai| cauthe, isa patra meM anvayadoSa bhI hai-'tvadarimRgadRzAM' kA anvaya kisI taraha prathama evaM dvitIya caraNa meM to laga jAtA hai, para tRtIya caraNa meM 'talopAyAlayantyaH' ke sAtha kaise lagegA ? yadi kisI taraha vimaktipariNAma se anvaya ThIka baiThAyA jAyagA, to bhI paca kI zithilatA spaSTa hai hii| __para dekhA jAya to yaha khaMDana dIkSita kA na hokara pabaracayitA kavi kA hai| dIkSita kA doSa to itanA hai ki unhoMne aise duSTa paba ko udAharaNa ke rUpa meM upanyasta kiyA hai| __ bhrAMtimAn alaMkAra ke prakaraNa meM dIkSita ne isa bAta para jora diyA hai ki bhrAMtimAn tathA saMdeha donoM alaMkAra sAdRzyasambandha hone para hI ho skeNge| ataH nimna patroM meM kramazaH saMdeha tathA bhrAMtimAn nahIM mAne jaayeNge| amuSya dhIrasya jayAya sAhasI tadA khalu jyAM vizikhaiH sanAthayan / nimajjayAmAsa yazAMsi saMzaye smaratrilokIvijayArjitAnyapi // 'yahA~ nala jaise durjeya vyakti ko jItane meM sAhasa karate samaya kAmadeva ne apanI kIrti ko saMdeha meM DAla diyA'-yaha saMdehanibaMdhana sAdRzya-prayojita nahIM hai, ataH yahA~ saMdeha alaMkAra nahIM hai| daamodrkraaNghaatcuurnnitaashessvksssaa| raTaM cANUramaralena zata candraM nabhastalam // yahA~ kRSNa ke hAthoM kI karArI coTa par3ane para cANaramala ko akaza meM sau cA~da dikhAI par3evaha bhrAMti bhI sAdRzyaprayojita na hokara gADhamarmaprahAra ke kAraNa hai, ataH yahA~ bhI bhrAMtimAn alaMkAra nahIM hai| (9) ullekha dIkSita ne ullekha ke donoM prakAroM kA vivecana kiyA hai| ullekha kA lakSaNa upanyasta karate batAyA gayA hai ki 'jahA~ eka hI vastu kA nimittabheda ke kAraNa anekoM ke dvArA aneka prakAra se ullekha kiyA jAya vahA~ ullekha hotA hai|' nimittabhedAdekasya vastuno ydnekdhaa| ullekhanamanekena tamullekhaM pracakSate // (citra0 pR0 77)

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[ 53 ] isa lakSaNa meM mukhya bAteM ye haiM : (1) eka hI vastu kA aneka vyakti nimitta bheda ke kAraNa anekadhA anubhava kreN| isa prakAra anekena' ke dvArA mAlArUpaka kA vAraNa ho jAtA hai, kyoMki vahA~ anubhavitA eka hI hotA hai, aneka nhiiN| (2) sAtha hI yaha anubhava 'aneka prakAra' kA ho| yadi aneka vyakti eka sA hI anubhava kareMge to ullekha na hogaa| (3) jisa vastu kA 'anekadhA' ullekha ho vaha eka hI ho, isa taraha isa lakSaNa kI ativyApti 'zikSAnairmarIti' ityAdi patha meM na ho sakegI, kyoMki vahA~ tattat stanakalazAdi aneka vastu tattat maryAdi ke rUpa meM ullikhita hai| (4) sAtha hI isa lakSaNa meM 'ullekhanaM se tAtparya 'niSedhAspRSTa' varNana hai, ataH apahati kI bhI ativyApti na ho skegii| isake bAda dIkSita ne isake do bheda kiye haiM:-zuddha ullekha tathA alaMkArAntarasaMkIrNa ullekha / inake kaI udAharaNa die gaye haiN| ullekha kA dUsarA prakAra vahA~ mAnA gayA hai, 'jahA~ grahItA ke eka hI hote hue bhI viSaya ke Azraya bheda ke kAraNa eka hI vastu kA anekadhA ullekha ho|' grahItabhedAbhAve'pi vissyaashrybhedtH| ekasyAnekapollekhamapyullekhaM pracalate // (vitra0 pR0 90) isake bhI dIkSita ne zuddha tathA saMkIrNa do bheda kiye haiM, tathA inake aneka udAharaNa diye hai, jo citramImAMsA meM dekhe jA sakate haiN| (10) apahuti apahuti alaMkAra kA lakSaNa nimna hai:- . __'prakRtasya niSedhena yadanyasvaprakalpanam / sAmyAdapatirvAkyabhedAbhedavatI dvidhA / ' (citra05092) 'jahA~ prakRta padArtha ke niSedha ke dvArA, sAdRzya ke AdhAra para aprakRta kI kalpanA kI jAya, vahA~ apahuti alaMkAra hotA hai / yaha eka vAkyagata ( vAkyAbhedavatI) tathA divAkyagata (vAkyabhede) do taraha kI hotI hai| isa lakSaNa meM nimna bAteM pAI jAtI hai : (1) cayapi rUpaka meM 'anyatvakalpanA'-prakRta meM aprakRta kI kalpanA (bhAropa) pAI jAtI hai, tathApi vahA~ prakRta kA niSedha nahIM pAyA jaataa| ataH 'prakRtasya niSedhena' se rUpaka kA vAraNa hotA hai| (2) AkSepa alaMkAra meM viSaya kA niSedha hI pAyA jAtA hai, vahA~ anyatvakalpana nahIM hotA, sAtha hI AkSepa sAdRzyamUlaka alaMkAra bhI nahIM hai| ataH 'sAmyAt' tathA 'anyatvakarupanaM se AkSepa kA vAraNa hotA hai|

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[ 54 ] (3) sAtha hI isa lakSaNa kI ativyApti 'na pamaM mukhamevedaM' isa tattvAkhyAnopamA ( nAmaka daNDI ke upamAbheda ) meM bhI nahIM hogI, kyoMki vahA~ aprakRta kA niSedha kara prakRta kI kalpanA pAI jAtI hai, jo ukta saraNi se ThIka ulaTI bAta hai| (4) ukta lakSaNa meM 'prakRtasya niSedhena' kA prayoga karane kA bhI khAsa kAraNa hai| kaI AlaMkArikoM ne isake lakSaNa meM pUrvakAlika kriyA kA prayoga kiyA hai-'prakRtaM pratiSidhyAnya. sthApanaM syAdapahnatiH' yA niSidhya viSayaM sAmyAdAropa:'-kintu aisA karanA ThIka nhiiN| hama dekheMge ki apahuti alaMkAra ke do prakAra hote haiM-(1) kabhI to pahale vAkya meM prakRta kA niSeSa kara tadanaMtara usa para aprakRta kA aropa kiyA jAtA hai, (2) kabhI pahale vAkya meM aprakRta kA Aropa kiyA jAtA hai, tadanaMtara prakRta kA niSedha karate haiN| lakSaNa meM pUrvakAlika kriyA kA prayoga karane para yaha lakSaNa pahale bheda meM to saMgata baiThegA, para dUsare meM nhiiN| isIlie ukta lakSaNa meM 'prakRtasya niSedhena' meM tRtIyAMta pada kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| ___ apahuti ke sarvaprathama do bheda hote haiM :-vAkyabhedavatI tathA vAkyAbhedavatI / vAkyabhedavatI meM sadA do vAkya hoMge, eka meM prakRta kA niSedha hogA, dUsare meM aprakRta kA Aropa / inameM se kavi kabhI prakRta ke niSedha vAle vAkya ko pahale rakhatA hai, kabhI aprakRta ke Aropa vAle vAkya ko / isIlie isake do bheda ho jAte haiM :-(1) apahavapUrvaka Aropa (2) AropapUrvaka apahava / ekavAkyagatA apahuti meM chala, kaitava, kapaTa, vyAja, vapuH Adi zabdoM ke dvArA prakRta kA niSedha kara aprakRta kA Aropa kiyA jAtA hai / isameM ukta do bheda nahIM hote| citramImAMsA meM dIkSita ne eka anya apahatibheda kA bhI saMketa kiyA hai / ve batAte haiM ki kucha vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki jisa taraha sAdRzyavyakti ke lie prayukta apahnava meM apahati alaMkAra hotA hai vaise hI apahava (prakRta vastu ke chipAne ke lie) prayukta sAdRzyanibaMdhana meM bhI apahuti alaMkAra hotA hai / dIkSita ke isa saMketa kA AdhAra ruyyaka kA alaMkArasarvastra hai yadyapi ruyyaka ne apahuti ke prakaraNa meM vakSyamANa apahatibheda kA saMketa nh| kayA hai, tathApi alaMkArasarvasva ke zleSa prakaraNa ke prasaMga meM nimna padya ko uddhRta kara usameM apahati kA dvitIya bheda mAnA hai / para itanA hote hue bhI ruyyaka tathA jayaratha ise vyAjokti meM hI antarbhAvita mAnane ke pakSa meM haiN| (de0 alaMkArasarvasva pR0 131) 'sAdRzyavyaktaye ytraaphvo'saavptiH| apahnavAya sAdRzyaM ytraastyessaapypdbhutiH|| (citra0 pR0 85) dIkSita ne isa apahati ko hI kuvalayAnaMda meM 'chekApaddhati' kahA hai| isakA udAharaNa nimna hai: AkRSyAdAvamandagrahamalakacayaM vaktramAsajya vaktre, kaNThe lagnaH sukaNThaH prasarati kucyordttgaaddhaaNgsNgH|| baddhAsaktinitambe patita caraNayoryaH sa tAhA priyo me, bAle lajjA nirastA na hi na hi sarale colakaH kiM trapAkRt // 'pahale pahala joroM se kezasamUha ko khIMca kara, mukha meM mukha DAla kara, vaha sundara kaNThavAlA kaNTha meM laga kara, stanoM kA gAr3hAliMgana karatA huA bar3hatA hai, vaha nitaMba meM Asakta ho caraNoM meM giratA hai, aisA vaha mujhe bahuta pyArA hai'-kisI sakhI ke ina vacanoM ko sunakara dUsarI sakhI kahatI hai-'bAle, kyA sacamuca tU vezarma ho gaI hai (jo priya ke sAtha kI gaI apanI ratikrIDA kI bAteM kara rahI hai)| pahalI sakhI vAstavikatA ko chipAne ke lie kahatI hai 'nahIM, sarala buddhi

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[ 55 ] vAlI sakhI, nahIM, bhalA kahIM colaMka (gale se pairoM taka pahanane kA auratoM kA lambA lavAdA, jise sira se pahanA jAtA hai) bhI lajjA kA kAraNa bana sakatA hai|' isI sambandha meM dIkSita ne yaha bhI batAyA hai ki udbhaTAdi AlaMkArika vyAjokti alaMkAra nahIM mAnate, ataH unake mata se yaha apahuti kA hI bheda hai, kintu rucaka (rugyaka ) Adi ke mata meM yahA~ apahuti na hokara vyAjokti mAnI jaaygii|' anta meM dIkSita ne isa bAta kA bhI saMketa kiyA hai ki daNDI ke matAnusAra sAdhamryetara sambandha meM bhI apahuti hotI hai / ataH daNDI kisI bhI vastu ke niSedha karane tathA anya vastu kI kalpanA karane meM apahati mAnate haiM : apahutirapahusya kiMcidanyArthasUcanam / na pazceSuH smarastasya sahasraM pastriNAmiti // ' (11) utprekSA abheda pradhAna alaMkAroM ke bAda dIkSita ne adhyavasAyamUlaka alaMkAroM ko liyA hai| isa koTi meM kevala do alaMkAra Ate haiM-utprekSA tathA atizayokti / utprekSA ke prakaraNa meM dIkSita ne vidyAnAtha ke pratAparudrIya se lakSaNa dekara usa para vicAra kiyA hai / vidyAnAtha kA lakSaNa yaha hai : 'yatrAnyadharmasaMbaMdhAdanyatvenopatarkitam / prakRtaM hi bhavetprAjJAstAmutprekSAM pracakSate // ' (ci. pR0 86) 'jahA~ aprakRta padArtha ke dharmasaMbaMdha ke kAraNa prakRta meM aprakRta kI kalpanA ( saMbhAvanA ) kI jAya, use vidvAn loga utprekSA alaMkAra kahate haiN|' isa lakSaNa meM nimna bAteM haiM :(1) prakRta meM aprakRta kI saMbhAvanA kI jAtI hai| (2) prakRta meM aprakRta kI saMbhAvanA kisI dharmasaMbaMdha ke kAraNa kI jAtI hai| ukta lakSaNa meM 'upatarkitam' pada se lakSaNakartA kA tAtparya 'saMbhAvanA' hai, 'nizcaya' se nhiiN| yahI kAraNa hai, jisa dharmasaMbaMdha ke kAraNa utprekSA ghaTita hotI hai, vaha kevala tAdAmyasaMbhAvanA kA hetu hai, use hama 'parvato'yaM vahimAn , dhUmAt' meM pAye jAne vAle hetu 'dhUma' kI taraha nizcayAtmaka hetu nahIM kaha sakate / isI saMbaMdha meM dIkSita ne isa bAta kA bhI saMketa kiyA hai ki kaI sthAnoM para 'iva' zabda ke dvArA bhI saMbhAvanA kI jAtI hai, jaise 'sayo vasantena samAgatAnA nakhAtAnIva vanasthalInAm' meM / aise sthAnoM para 'iva' sAdRzyavAcaka zabda nahIM hai, ataH yahA~ upamA nahIM mAnI jA sktii| dIkSita ne daNDI kA pramANa dekara isa bAta ko puSTa kiyA hai ki unhoMne utprekSAvAcaka zabdoM meM 'iva' kA samAveza kiyA hai, tathA kAvyaprakAza ke TIkAkAra cakravartI ke isa mata kA saMketa kiyA hai ki jaba upamAna lokasiddha ho to 'iva' upamAvAcaka hotA hai aura jaba vaha lokasiddha na hokara kalpita hotA hai to 'iva' utprekSAvAcaka 'saMbhAvanA paraka' hotA hai| 1. atredamapahutikathanaM vyAjoktyalaMkAraM pRthaganaMgIkurvatAmuTAdInAM matamanusatya / ye tu uzinavastunigRhanaM vyAjoktiriti byAjoktyalaMkAraM pRthagicchanti teSAmihApi vyAjoktireva nApatiriti rucakAdayaH / (citramImAMsA pR0 85)

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[ 56 1 (1) ukta lakSaNa kA 'anyadharmasaMbaMdhAt' pada isa bAta kA saMketa karatA hai ki jahA~ kisI dharma ko nimitta banAkara prakRta meM aprakRta kI kalpanA kI jAyagI, vahIM utprekSA hogI / yahI kAraNa hai, isa lakSaNa kI ativyApti 'yadyarthoktau ca kalpanam' vAlI atizayokti tathA saMbhAvanA alaMkAra meM na ho sakegI, kyoMki vahA~ ninimittaka kalpanA pAI jAtI hai| (2) sAtha hI yaha kalpanA sadA aprakRta ke rUpa meM kI gaI ho, isa bAta kA saMketa karane ke lie 'anyatvenopatarkitam' kahA gayA hai| yadi prakRta meM aprakRta kI kalpanA na hokara kevala saMbhAvanAmAtra pAI jAyagI to vahA~ utprekSA alaMkAra na ho skegaa| ataH jahA~ dhUla ko sAmane ur3atI dekhakara rAma yaha zaMkA karate haiM ki saMbhava hai hanUmAn se rAma kA Agamana sunakara sasainya bharata unakI AgavAnI karane A rahe haiM, vahA~ utprekSA alaMkAra nahIM hai| virakasaMdhyAparuSaM purastAdhato rajaH pArthivamujjihIte / zake hanamaskathitapravRttiH pratyudato mAM bharataH sasainyaH / (3) 'upatakiMtam' pada kA prayoga anumAna alaMkAra kA vAraNa karatA hai, kyoMki anumAna meM liMga ke dvArA liMgI kA avadhAraNa yA nizcaya ho jAtA hai, vahA~ tarka yA kalpanA nahIM hotii| (4) sAtha hI yaha bhI Avazyaka ho ki yaha kalpanA prakRta se hI saMbaddha ho isaliye 'prakRta' pada kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| jahA~ kahIM aprakRta se saMbaddha koI saMbhAvanA pAI jAyagI, vahIM utprekSA na hogI, jaise 'sItAyAH puratazca hanta zikhinAM barhAH sagardA iva' meM, jahA~ aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra mAnA gayA hai| virodhI vidAna ukta lakSaNa meM abhyApti doSa mAnate haiN| unake mata se utprekSA ke kaI aise sthala dekhe jA sakate hai, jahA~ varNita saMbhAvanA nimitta yA to kevala prakRtamAtra kA dharma hotA haiM, yA kevala aprakRtamAtra kaa| aise sthiti meM donoM ke dharmoM meM paraspara saMbaMdha na hone se 'anyadharmasaMbaMdhAt' vAlA lakSaNAMza ThIka na baiTha skegaa| phira to aise sthaloM meM Apake anusAra utprekSA na ho skegii| aMgulIbhiriva kezasaMcayaM saMniyamya timiraM mriicibhiH| kumAjIkRtasarojalocanaM cumbatIva rajanImukhaM zazI // ' yahA~ 'aMguliyoM ke samAna kiraNoM ke dvArA kezapAza ke samAna aMdhakAra ke grahaNa rUpa nimitta ke kAraNa candramA ke dvArA rajanImukha ko cUmanA saMbhAvita kiyA gayA hai| ukta nimitta kevala prakRta kA hI dharma hai, aprakRta kA nahIM, kyoMki dharmAza meM upamA hone ke kAraNa vahA~ 'kiraNoM' va 'aMdhakAra' kI hI mukhyatA hai| sAtha hI 'anyatvenopatakiMtam' meM prayukta 'anyatvena' kA artha kevala 'aprakRtatvena' hai| ataH isa dRSTi se jahA~ dharmisaMbaMdhI vastUsprekSA yA svarUpotprekSA hogI, vahIM yaha lakSaNa ghaTita ho sakegA, hetUtprekSA, phalotprekSA tathA dharmasvarUpotprekSA meM ApakA lakSaNa saMgata na ho sakegA, kyoMki vahA~ to prakRta kI anyatvakalpanA hotI nahIM, ( apitu prakRta ke phala yA hetu kI anyatvakalpanA hotI hai)| ataH yaha lakSaNa nimna padya jaise utprekSAsthaloM meM lAgU na ho skegaa| saiSA sthalI yatra vicinvatA svAM bhraSTaM mayA nUpuramekamuAm / adRzyata svacaraNAravindavizleSaduHkhAdiva baddhamaunam // 'he sItA, yaha ThIka vahI jagaha hai, jahA~ tumheM DhUMDhate hue maiMne jamIna para gire eka nUpura ko dekhA thA, jo mAnoM tumhAre caraNAraviMda ke viyoga ke duHkha se mauna ho rahA thaa|' 1. isakI hiMdI vyAkhyA ke liye de0 hiMdI kuvalayAnaMda 10 290 /

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[ 57 ] yahA~ nUpura ke 'maunitva' rUpa nimina (dharma) ke kAraNa usake hetu 'duHkha' kI saMbhAvanA kI gaI hai| yadi yahA~ nUpura meM 'duHkhI' ( manuSya ) kI kalpanA kI jAtI to vastUtprekSA ho sakatI hai, kintu yahA~ aisI bAta nahIM hai| (5) hama kaI aise sthala bhI dekhate haiM, jahA~ aprakRtadharmika utprekSA bhI pAI jAtI hai, para Apake lakSaNa meM 'prakRtaM' pada ke kAraNa yaha spaSTa hai ki utprekSA alaMkAra meM kevala prakRtadharmika utprekSA hI ho / taba to yaha lakSaNAMza nimna padya meM lAgU na ho skegaa| hRtasAramivendumaMDalaM damayantIvadanAya vedhsaa| kRtamadhyabilaM vilokyate tagaMbhIrakhanIkhanIlima // 'aisA jAna par3atA hai ki brahmA ne damayantI ke mukha kA nirmANa karane ke liye mAnoM candramA ke sAramAga kA apaharaNa kara kiyA hai| tabhI to viba ke bIca meM rikta sthAna vAle isa candramA meM gambhIra gaDDhe ke bIca se yaha AkAza kI nIlimA dikhAI de rahI hai|' isa patha meM candramaMDala ke viSaya meM yaha utprekSA kI gaI hai ki usakA sAra damayantI ke mukha kI racanA karane ke lie le liyA gayA hai| isa prakAra yahA~ aprakRtadharmika utprekSA hai| isa bAta kA dhyAna rakhanA Avazyaka hai ki isa padya meM prakRtadharmika utprekSA nahIM hai| yadi kavi isa prakAra kI kalpanA karatA ki damayantI kA mukha mAnoM candramA ke sAra kA apaharaNa kara usase banAyA gayA hai to yahA~ prakRtadharmika utprekSA ho sakatI hai| vastutaH 'hRtasAramidumaMDalaM' meM 'iva' kA anvaya 'hRtasAraM' ke hAtha hogA, jo 'indumaMDala' kA vizeSaNa hai, ataH saMbhAvanAparaka iva zamda aprakRtadharmika utprekSA ko hI puSTa karatA hai| ___ dIkSita ke mata se ukta lakSaNa duSTa nahIM hai| dIkSita ne zaMkAkAra kI uparyukta zaMkAoM kA yathocita nirAkaraNa kiyA hai| (1) ukta utprekSAlakSaNa kI 'hRtasAramiveMdumaDalaM' ityAdi patha meM avyApti ho, aisI bAta nahIM hai| vastutaH prakRta zabda se hamArA tAtparya kevala 'upameya' (mukhAdi) se hI na hokara 'viSayatva' mAtra se hai| aisI sthiti meM 'upamAna' (candrAdi ) bhI prakRta ho sakate haiN| (2) ApakA yaha kathana ki ukta lakSaNa hetUtprekSA, phalotprekSA tathA dharmasvarUpotprekSA me lAgU nahIM hogA, ThIka nhiiN| vastutaH 'anyatvenota kiMtam' meM 'anyatvena' kA artha 'anya prakAra se hai, isa artha ke lene para hama dekhate haiM ki jaise eka dharmI meM anya dharmI kI tAdAtmyasaMbhAvanA kI jAtI hai, vahA~ anya dharmI 'anya prakAra hai hI, ThIka usI taraha jahA~ koI eka dharma heturUpa meM, phalarUpa meM yA svarUpataH saMbhAvita kiyA jAtA hai, vahA~ bhI vaha dharma anya prakAra kA hotA hI hai| isa taraha ukta lakSaNa ina utprekSAbhedoM meM bhI ghaTita ho hI jAtA hai| ___ sprekSA meM upamA kI bhA~ti anugAmI, sAdhAraNa dharma, biMbaprativimAvarUpa dharma-sabhI prakAra kA dharma pAyA jAtA hai| - isake bAda dIkSita ne utprekSA ke bhedopabheda kA saMketa kiyA hai| kuvalayAnanda meM dIkSita ne kevala chaH utprekSAe~ hI mAnI haiM :-uktaviSayA tathA anuktaviSayA vstuhetuphlotprekssaa| alaMkArasarvasvakAra rugyaka ke bhedopabheda kA saMketa karate dIkSita ne citramImAMsA meM batAyA hai ki ruyyakane utprekSA ke 96 bheda mAne hai| pratAparudrIyakAra vidyAnAtha kA utprekSA vibhAga vizeSa vistRta hai, usane utprekSA ke 104 bheda mAne haiN| isake bAda dIkSita ne pramukha pramukha utprekSAbhedoM kA vistAra se vivecana kiyA hai, jo citramImAMsA meM draSTavya hai|

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[ 58 ] (12) atizayokti citramImAMsA meM atizayokti kA prakaraNa adhUrA hI milatA hai ! dIkSita ne pratAparudrIya kAra vidyAnAtha ke atizayokti lakSaNa ko upanyasta kara usakI parIkSA kI hai| vidyAnAtha kA atizayokti lakSaNa nimna hai : 'viSayasyAnupAdAnAdviSayyupanibadhyate / yatra sAtizayoktiH syAtkaviprauDhoktijIvitA // ' 'jahA~ viSaya (upameya ) kA anupAdAna karate hue kevala viSayI ( upamAna ) kA hI nibaMdhana kiyA jAya, vahA~ atizayokti hotI hai / yaha atizayokti kaviprauDhokti kI AtmA hai / ' isa saMbandha meM dIkSita ne batAyA hai ki ukta lakSaNa mAnane vAle AlaMkArikoM ne atizayokti ke kevala cAra hI bheda mAne haiM :- bhede abhedaH, abhede bhedaH, saMbandhe asaMbandhaH, asaMbandhe saMnbadhaH / sammaTa tathA ruyyaka ke dvArA sammata atizayokti ke anya bheda--kAryakAraNapaurvAparya kA saMketa sAdRzyamUlaka alaMkAroM meM na kara kAryakAraNamUlaka alaMkAroM meM karate haiM / ' dIkSita me ukta lakSaNa kA vicAra karate hue pUchA hai ki 'viSayasyAnupAdAnAt ' pada se vidyAnAtha kA kyA tAtparya hai ? isake do artha ho sakate haiM yA to ( 1 ) viSaya ke pratipAdaka kA abhAva ho, ( 2 ) yA phira viSaya ke vAcaka pada kA abhAva ho / vidyAnAtha kA tAtparya kisa artha meM hai / yadi ve ' viSayasya pratipAdakAbhAvaH' artha leMge, to 'bhede abhedaH' vAle udAharaNoM meM jahA~ viSaya ke lie usake lAkSaNika viSayivAcaka pada kA prayoga hotA hai, yaha lakSaNa lAgU na ho sakegA / jaba hama ' mukha' ke lie 'kamala' zabda kA prayoga karate haiM, to yahA~ 'kamala' zabda lakSaNA se ' mukha' kA pratipAdaka to hai hI, bhale hI vaha vAcaka ( abhidhAvRtti ke dvArA pratyAyaka ) na ho / ataH pahalA artha lene meM yaha doSa hai / yadi dUsarA artha - ' viSayasya vAcakAbhAvaH ' -- lenA hai, to bhI Apatti ho sakatI hai| hama eka aisA udAharaNa le leM, jahA~ ileSamUlA atizayokti pAI jAtI hai - 'cumbatI rajanImukhaM zazI' / yahA~ 'mukhaM' pada meM zleSamUlAtizayokti hai; eka ora isakA artha hai - pradoSa (rajanImukha ), dUsarI ora vadana ( rajanI - nAyikA kA mukha ) / yahA~ vadanArthaka kiMtu itanA hone para bhI usameM 'tadvAcakAbhAva' rAtri ke AraMbha kA bhI vAcaka hai hI / phira mukha ne pradoSArthaka mukha kA nigaraNa kara liyA hai| ( viSaya ke abhidhAyaka kA na honA ) nahIM hai / vaha to yaha lakSaNa isa udAharaNa meM lAgU na ho sakegA / pUrvapakSI isa doSa ko yoM haTAnA cAhegA / vaha kaha sakatA hai ki ' viSayasyAnupAdAnAt' se hamArA tAtparya yaha hai ki viSayI ( upamAna ) ke vAcaka zabda se alaga viSaya - pratipAdaka zabda kA abhAva ho / kiMtu aisA mAnane para bhI ThIka na hogA / hama eka udAharaNa le leM'unmIlitAni netrANi padmAnIvodite ravau' / isa paMkti meM 'unmIlitAni' ke do artha haiM :- 'khula 1. pratAparudrIkAra vidyAnAtha ne to phira bhI atizayokti ke pA~coM bhedoM kA sAtha-sAtha hI varNana kiyA hai| hA~, paMcama bheda kA lakSaNa alaga se nibaddha kiyA hai| (de0 pratAparudrIya pR0 396, 399 ) para ekAvalIkAra vidyAdhara ne sAdRzyamUlaka atizayokti meM kevala cAra hI bhedoM kA varNana kiyA hai / pA~caveM bheda kA varNana usane bhinna prakaraNa meM vizeSokti ke bAda kiyA hai / (de0 ekAvalI pR0 237 tathA pR0 285 )

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jAnA' ( vAcyArtha ), 'vikasita ho jAnA' ( lkssyaarth)| ye donoM artha eka dUsare se paraspara bhinna haiM hii| Apa vAlA artha lene para to ukta lakSaNa yahA~ lAgU nahIM hogaa| ___eka dalIla yaha bhI dI jA sakatI hai ki ukta pada se hamArA tAtparya yaha hai ki viSayipratipAdaka zabda se alaga anya viSayapratipAdaka kA abhAva ho / para hama aise sthala peza kara sakate haiM, jahA~ viSayipratipAdaka tathA viSayapratipAdaka kA alaga-alaga prayoga kiye jAne para bhI atizayokti mAnI jAtI hai : pallavataH kalpataroreSa vizeSaH karasya te vIra / bhUSayati karNamekaH parastu karNa tiraskurute // __ isa padya meM 'karNa' kA artha kAna tathA kuntIputra karNa donoM hai, ataH yahA~ zleSa hai / dhyAna dene kI bAta yaha hai ki donoM sthAnoM para 'karNa' pada ke do-do artha hoMge, ataH yahA~ yamaka alaMkAra na hogaa| vahA~ zleSamUlAtizayokti hai| isa padya meM viSayipratipAdaka 'karNa' tathA viSayapratipAdaka, 'karNa' kA alaga-alaga prayoga pAyA jAtA hai, ataH yaha tAtparya lene para ki jahA~ unakA alagaalaga prayoga na hogA vahIM atizayokti ho sakegI, ukta lakSaNa yahA~ saMgata na baiTha skegaa| pUrvapakSI phira eka dalIla degaa| vaha yaha kaha sakatA hai ki 'viSayasyAnupAdAnAt' se hamArA tAtparya yaha hai ki viSayipratipAdaka zabda se sarvathA minna ( vilakSaNa) viSayapratipAdaka kA abhAva ho / ( aisA mAnane para to 'bhUSayati karNamekaH..' ityAdi meM ukta lakSaNa kI vyApti ho jAyagI kyoMki vahA~ donoM ke tattat pratipAdaka alaga-alaga hote hue bhI 'eka hI' (karNa) haiM, sarvathA vilakSaNa nhiiN| ) para isameM bhI doSa hai / nimna udAharaNa le leM urobhuvA kuMbhayugena jaMbhitaM navopahAreNa vayaskRtena kim / trayAsaridurgamapi pratIrya sA nalasya tanvI hRdayaM viveza yat // ___ isa patha meM 'kuMbhayugena' (viSayipratipAdaka ) ke dvArA 'kucadvaya' (viSaya ) kA nigaraNa kara liyA gayA hai / kintu kavi ne sAtha hI 'urobhuvA' pada ke dvArA viSayipratipAdaka vilakSaNa viSaya. pratipAdaka kA bhI prayoga kiyA hI hai| saMbhavataH pUrvapakSI yaha kaha sakate haiM ki 'urobhuvA' pada viSayipratipAdakavilakSaNa hai, kintu vaha 'viSayatAvacchedaka' (kucadvaya ke viziSTa dharma) ke rUpa meM prayukta nahIM huA hai, ataH jahA~ 'viSayatAvacchedaka' rUpa meM viSayipratipAdakavilakSaNa viSayapratipAdaka ho, usako hama atizayokti meM na maaneNge| para itanA hote hue bhI kaI aise bhI sthala haiM jahA~ atizayokti meM viSayI ke pratipAdaka zabda kA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai, sAtha hI usase sarvathA vilakSaNa aise viSayapratipAdaka zabda kA bhI prayoga hotA hai, jo viSayatAvacchedaka' rUpa meM vivakSita hotA hai| jaise nimna padya meM dhvAntasya vAmoru vicAraNAyAM vaizeSikaM cAru mataM mataM meN| aulUkamAhuH khalu darzana yatkSama namastattvanirUpaNAya / 'he saMdari, merI samajha meM aMdhakAra ke viSaya meM vicAra karane meM vaizeSika darzana sabase adhika suMdara hai, kyoMki usa darzana ko 'aulUka darzana' ( ullU kI dRSTi vaizeSika darzana kA dUsarA nAma ) kahA jAtA hai, tabhI to vaha 'aMdhakAra' tattva ke nirUpaNa meM samartha hai| isa paba meM 'aulUkaM darzana' ( ullU kI dRSTi ) viSayI hai, vaizeSikaM mataM' (baizeSika darzana ) viSaya / kavi ne donoM ke pratipAdaka zabdoM kA prayoga alaga 2 kiyA hai, sAtha hI viSaya pratipAdaka

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pada sarvathA vilakSaNa hai tathA usakA prayoga viSayatAvacchedaka ke rUpa meM huA hai| ataH ukta artha lene para Apa kA lakSaNa yahA~ ThIka nahIM baiThegA, jaba ki yahA~ bhI atizayokti alaMkAra hai hii| sAtha hI viSayipratipAdaka vilakSaNa viSayapratipAdaka kA abhAva artha lene para to 'rAmarAvaNayoyuddhaM rAmarAvaNayoriva' meM bhI isa lakSaNa kI ativyApti hogI, kyoMki yahA~ bhI upameya kA pratipAdaka zabda upamAna ke pratipAdaka se vilakSaNa nahIM hai| saMbhavataH pUrvapakSI yaha uttara degA ki yahA~ to ananvaya alaMkAra hai, ataH abheda kalpanA na hone se yahA~ upamAnopameya viSaya-viSayI nahIM khlaate| viSaya-hama use kaheMge jisakA kisI anya vastu ke sAtha sAdRzya ke AdhAra para abheda sthApita kiyA jAtA hai| isa taraha ananvaya ke upamAna tathA upameya meM abheda sthApanA na hone se ve viSayI tathA viSaya nahIM haiN| pUrvapakSI kA yaha uttara ThIka hai, kiMtu abheda sthApanA rUpaka meM to pAI jAtI hai, ataH ukta lakSaNa kI ativyApti zliSTa rUpaka meM to hogI hI, kyoMki vahA~ viSaya tathA viSayI donoM kA vAcaka pada eka hI bAra prayukta hotA hai, alaga-alaga nahIM / yadi Apa kaheM ki rUpaka meM kevala tApyAropa hotA hai, atizayokti meM abhedAdhyavasAya, to yaha mata ThIka nahIM, vastutaH rUpakameM bho abhedAdhyavasAya pAyA jAtA hai| sAtha hI isakI ativyApti sArUpyanibaMdhana samAsokti meM bhI pAI jAtI hai| ataH ukta atizayokti lakSaNa duSTa hai / citramImAMsA yahIM samApta ho jAtI hai| 'apyardhacitramImAMsA na mude kasya maaNslaa| anUruriva dharmAzorardhenduriva dhUrjaTeH // ' (5) 'alaMkAra' zabda kI vyutpatti hai-'alaMkarotIti alaMkAra' 'vaha padArtha jo kisI kI zobhA bar3hAye, kisI ko alaMkRta kreN'| laukika artha meM hama una kaTaka kuNDalAdi svarNAbhUSaNoM ko, jo zarIra kI zobhA bar3hAte haiM, alaMkAra kahate haiN| ThIka isI taraha kAvya ke una upakaraNoM ko jo kavitA-kAminI kI zobhAvRddhi karate haiM, alaMkAra kahA jAtA hai| kAvya kI bhImAMsA karate samaya hama dekhate hai ki kAvya ke upAdAna zabda aura artha-zabdArtha-hai / jisa prakAra hamAre zarIra kI saMghaTanA rakta, mAMsa, asthipaMjara se banI huI hai, ThIka vaise hI kAvya kI saMghaTanA ke vidhAyaka tatva zabdArtha haiN| zabda tathA artha vaise to do tattva hai, kiMtu ye donoM paraspara itane saMzliSTa hai ki zabda ke binA artha kA astittva nahIM raha pAtA tathA artha ke binA zabda kevala 'nAda' mAtra hai| kiMtu zabdArtha to laukika vAkyoM meM bhI pAye jAte haiM, to kyA zabdArtha ko kAvya mAnane para samasta laukika vAkya kAvya hoMge? isa zaMkA ke nirAkaraNa karane ke lie jaba taka zabdArtha ke sAtha kinhIM vizeSa vizeSaNoM kA upAdAna na kara diyA jAyagA, taba taka kAvya kI nirduSTa paribhASA na bana paaygii| vastutaH kAvya hone ke lie zabdArtha kA rasamaya honA Avazyaka hai| jaba taka zabdArtha rasamaya na hoMge taba taka ve kAvyasaMzA kA vahana na kara sakeMga / kAvya meM rasa kA ThIka vahI mahattva hai, jo zarIra meM AtmA kaa| yahI kAraNa hai vizvanAtha ne kAvya kI parimASA hI vAkyaM rasAtmakaM kAvyaM nibaddha kii| rasa ke atirikta kAnya ke anya upakaraNa guNa, rIti tathA alaMkAra hai| guNa vastutaH rasa ke dharma hai| jaise AtmA ke dharma zUratA, kAyarapana, dAnazIlatA Adi hai, vaise mAdhurya, ojas tathA prasAda rasa ke dharma haiN| rIti zarIra kA / avayavasaMsthAna hai, jisa taraha pratyeka zarIra kI vizeSa prakAra kI saMghaTanA pAI jAtI hai, vaise hI

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[ 61 ] 1 do prazna ho sakate haiM kAvya meM vaidarbhI, gauDI, pAMcAlI Adi rItiyA~ haiM / 'alaMkAra' zarIra kI zobhA bar3hAne vAle dharma haiM, jisa taraha kar3A, aMgUThI, hAra Adi ke pahanane se zarIra kI sAtha hI zarIrI kI bhI zobhA bar3hatI hai, vaise hI zabdAlaMkAra yA arthAlaMkAra ke viniyoga se kAvya ke camatkAra meM abhivRddhi hotI hai / inake atirikta eka aura tattva hai-doSa / jisa prakAra zarIra meM pAye jAne vAle kANatva, khaMjatvAdi doSa zarIra kI zobhA kA apaharaNa karate haiM, usI prakAra kAvya meM pAye jAne vAle padAdi doSa kAvya ke zobhAvighAtaka siddha hote haiM / ataH kuzala kavi kAvya meM sadA aucitya kA dhyAna rakhate hue 'doSa' ko bacAne kI ceSTA karatA hai tathA rasa, guNa, rIti evaM alaMkAra kA yathocita viniyoga karatA hai cUMki kAvya meM rasavat, saguNa sAlaMkAra tathA nirdoSa zabdArtha kA honA jarUrI hai, yahI kAraNa hai mammaTAcArya ne kAvya kI paribhASA hI 'tadadoSau zabdArthau saguNAvanalaMkRtI punaH kApi nibaddha kI hai / mammaTa ke mata se 've zabdArtha, jo guNayukta, doSarahita tathA kahIM kahIM analaMkAra bhI hoM, kAvya kahalAte haiM / mammaTa kI isa paribhASA ke viSaya pahale to mammaTa ne rasa va rIti kA koI saMketa nahIM kiyA ? dUsare mammaTa ne isa bAta para jora diyA hai ki kAvya meM kabhI-kabhI alaMkAra na bhI hoM, to kAma cala sakatA hai, to kyA kAvya meM alaMkAroM kA honA anivArya nahIM ? yadyapi mammaTa ne rasa va rIti kA spaSTataH koI saMketa nahIM kiyA hai tathApi 'saguNau' pada ke dvArA 'rasa' kA saMketa kara diyA gayA hai| guNa vastutaH AtmA. yA rasa ke dharma haiM; koI bhI dharma binA dharmI ke sthita nahIM raha sakatA, ataH avinAbhAvasambandha se 'saguNau' 'sarasau' kI vyaMjanA karAte haiN| isa prakAra mammaTa ne 'saguNau' ke dvArA isa bAta ko tita kiyA hai ki zabdArthaM rasamaya hoN| sAtha hI rIti kA bhI guNa se ghaniSTha sambandha hone ke kAraNa 'saguNau' se 'rItimaya' kI bhI vyaMjanA ho jAtI hai| dUsarA prazna niHsaMdeha vizeSa mahattva kA hai / mammaTa ne kAvyaprakAza meM batAyA hai ki kaI kAvyoM meM sphuTAlaMkAra ke na hone para bhI camatkAravattA pAI jAtI hai| hama aise udAharaNa de sakate haiM, jahAM spaSTarUpeNa koI alaMkAra nahIM, yadi hama paribhASA meM 'sAlaMkArau' vizeSaNa dete haiM, to aise udAharaNa meM akAvyatva upasthita hogA, isIlie hamane isa bAta kA saMketa kiyA hai ki vaise to kAvya ke zabdArthaM sAlaMkAra hone cAhiyeM, para yadi kabhI 2 analaMkAra bhI hoM to koI hAni nahIM / nimna padma meM analaMkAra zabdArtha hone para bhI kAvyatva hai hI / meM yaH kaumAraharaH raH sa eva hi varastA eva caitracapAH te conmIlitamAlatI surabhayaH prauDhAH kadambAnilAH / sA caivAsmi tathApi tatra suratavyApAralIlAvidhau, revArodhasi vetasItarutale cetaH samutkaNThate // 'yadyapi merA vara vahI hai, jisane mere kaoNrIpana ko khile hue mAlatI puSpa kI sugandha se bhare kadamba vAyu ke tathApi merA mana narmadA nadI ke tIra para veta ke vRkSa ke ho rahA hai|' chInA thA, ye ve hI caitra kI rAteM hai, ve hI jhakore haiM, nIce suratakrIDA aura maiM bhI vahI hUM, karane ke lie utsuka ukta patha meM spaSTataH koI alaMkAra nahIM hai, yahAM mukhya camatkAra rasa (zRGgAra) kA hI hai / vaise isameM vibhAvanA tathA vizeSokti kA saMdehasaMkara mAnA jA sakatA hai, kintu vaha bhI sphuTa nahIM / isIlie mammaTAcArya ne batAyA hai ki yahA~ koI sphuTa alaMkAra nahIM hai - 'atra sphuTo na

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[ 62 ] kshcidlNkaarH'| sambhavataH kucha loga yaha kaheM ki yahA~ 'rasavat' alaMkAra to hai ho, to mammaTa isa zaMkA kA nirAkaraNa karate kahate haiM ki 'rasa yahA~ mukhya hai, yadi vaha gauNa hokara anya rasAdi kA aMga ho jAtA, to 'rasavat' alaMkAra mAnA jA sakatA thA, ataH vaha yahA~ alaMkArya hai, AlaMkAra nahIM-'rasasya ca praadhaanyaanaalNkaartaa'| yahIM do prazna upasthita hote haiM :-kyA rasa ko bhI alaMkAra nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, jaise . upamA, utprekSA, samAsokti Adi kAvya camatkAra ke kAraNa hone se alaMkAra kahalAte haiM, vaise hI rasa (zRGgArAdi rasa) bhI kAvya camatkAra kA kAraNa hone se alaMkAra mAna liyA jAya ? kyA kAvya meM ( upamAdi ) alaMkAra kA honA atyAvazyaka nahIM hai ? mammaTacArya tathA anya dhvanivAdI alaMkArika ina donoM praznoM kA uttara yoM dete haiM : 'rasa kAvya kI atmA hai, usakI vyaMjanA zabdArtha karAte haiM, tathA vaha kAvyavAkya kA vAcyArtha na hokara vyaMgyArtha hotA hai| vaha alaMkArya hai, isIlie use alaMkAra nahIM kahA jA sktaa| alaMkAra to ve hote haiM, jo kisI padArtha kI zobhA bar3hAte haiM, arthAt ve 'zobhAtizAyI' ho sakate haiM, zobhA ke utpAdaka nhiiN| kAvya meM 'rasa' kA honA atyAvazyaka hai, kintu alaMkAra kA honA anivArya nahIM, sAtha hI alaMkAra zabda tathA artha ke upaskAraka bana kara kAvya meM sthita usI rasa ke upaskAraka banate haiM, ThIka vaise hI jaise hArAdi alaMkAra zarIra kI zobhA bar3hAne ke dvArA AtmA kI zobhA bar3hAte haiM : upakurvanti taM santaM ye'gadvAreNa jAtucit / hArAdivadalaMkArAste'nuprAsopamAdayaH // ( kAvyaprakAza 8.2 ) kabhI-kabhI 'rasa' bhI alaMkAra ho sakatA hai, para vaha tabhI alaMkAra bana sakatA hai, jaba vaha pradhAna na hokara kisI anya rasAdi kA aMga ho / jahA~ koI eka rasa anya rasa kA upaskAraka tathA aMga bana kara Aya, vahA~ vaha alaMkArya to ho na sakegA, kyoMki alaMkArya to vaha anya rasa hogA, aisI sthiti meM use alaMkAra kahA jA sakatA hai / ataH dhvanivAdI 'rasavat' AlaMkAra vahA~ mAnegA jahA~ rasa kisI anya rasa kA aMga bana jAya tathA vahA~ aparAMga guNIbhUta vyaMgya kAvya ho| __ alaMkAravAdI dhvanivAdI ke ukta mata se sahamata nhiiN| bhAratIya sAhityazAstra ke itihAsa kA anuzIlana karane para patA calegA ki 'rasa' ko kAvyAtma ke rUpa meM pratiSThApita karane kA zreya dhvanikAra Anandavardhana ko hai tathA unhIMne alaMkArya tathA alaMkAra ke bheda ko spaSTa karate hue rasa tathA upamAdi alaMkAra kA pArthakya siddha kiyA hai / dhvanivAdiyoM se prAcIna AlaMkArika rasa kA mahattva kevala dRzya kAvya meM hI mAnate haiN| nATyAcArya bharata ne dRzyakAvya meM rasa kI mahattA svIkAra kI thii| kiMtu zravya kAvya meM upamAdi alaMkAroM kA hI prAdhAnya rhaa| bhAmaha, daNDI, udbhaTa tathA rudraTa jaise alaMkAravAdiyoM ne zravya kAvya meM alaMkAroM ko hI mahattva diyA hai, tathA guNa evaM alaMkAra se rahita kavitA ko vidhavA ke samAna ghoSita kiyA hai :-guNAlaMkArarahitA vidhaveva srsvtii|' inake mata se sundara se sundara ramaNI kA vadana bhI binA alaMkAroM ke zobhA nahIM pAtA, ThIka vaise hI sundara se sundara kAvya bhI alaMkAroM ke abhAva meM zrIhIna dikhAI par3atA hai-'na kAntamapi nirbhUSaM vibhAti vanitAnanam / ' upamAdi alaMkAroM kI bhA~ti rasa ko bhI eka alaMkAra mAna liyA gayA / bhAmaha, daNDI tathA udbhaTa ne rasavat, preyasa, Urjasvin tathA samAhita alaMkAra ke dvArA rasa bhAvAdi alaMkArya samAveza alaMkAroM meM hI kara liyA thaa| yadyapi

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[ 63 ] bhAmahAdi ke mata kA khaNDana kara AnaMdavardhana ne rasa kI mahattA pratiSThApita kara dI thI, tathApi kucha AlaMkArika bhAmaha ke hI mata ko mAnate pAye jAte haiM, ye loga alaMkAroM ke moha ko nahIM chor3a pAye haiM / vAgbhaTa Adi kaI AlaMkArikoM ne phira bhI rasa ko alaMkAra hI mAnA hai / kucha navya AlaMkArikoM ne dhvanivAdI ke alaMkArya evaM alaMkAra ke bheda ko to svIkAra kara liyA hai, kiMtu ve isa mata se sahamata nahIM ki alaMkArya kAvya ke lie anivArya nahIM haiN| candrAlokakAra jayadeva ne mammaTa kI ukta paribhASA ke 'analaMkRtI punaH kvApi' kA khaNDana kiyA hai| jayadeva kA kahanA hai ki alaMkAra kAvya ke anivArya dharma haiM, ThIka vaise hI jaise uSNatva agni kA dharma hai / yadi uSNatva ke binA agni kA astitva ho sakatA ho to alaMkAra ke binA bhI kAvya kA astitva ho sakatA hai| aMgIkaroti yaH kAvyaM shbdaarthaavnlNkRtii| asau na manyate ksmaadnussnnmnlNkRtii|| (candrAloka) isa saMbaMdha meM isa bAta kA bhI saMketa kara diyA jAya ki kAvya kI AtmA rasa evaM unake upaskAraka guNAlaMkAra ke paraspara saMbaMdha ke viSaya meM bhI AlaMkArikoM meM paraspara matameda haiN| alaMkAravAdI vidvAn udbhaTa ke mata ko mAnate haiM, jo guNa tathA alaMkAra donoM ko kAvya ke ( yA rasa ke ) niyata dharma mAnate haiM / inake mata se kAvya meM donoM kA astitva honA anivArya hai| udbhaTa ne una logoM ke mata ko gaDDalikApravAha batAyA hai jo isa bAta kI ghoSaNA karate haiM ki guNa kAvya meM samavAyavRtti se rahate haiM tathA alaMkAra saMyogavRtti se| bhAva yaha hai, una logoM ke mata se guNa kAvya meM abinAbhAva saMbaMdha se anusyUta rahate haiM, jaba ki alaMkAra Upara se ThIka usI taraha saMyukta hote haiM, jaise zarIra ke sAtha kaTakakuNDa lAdi kA saMyoga hotA hai, jise alaga bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai tathA jisake binA bhI zarIra kA astitva banA rahatA hai / udbhaTa ne laukika alaMkAra tathA kAvyAlaMkAra donoM meM samAnatA mAnakara kAvya meM inakI sthiti saMyoga vRtti se mAnane kA khaNDana kiyA hai| unake mata se kAvyAlaMkAra ke viSaya meM yaha bAta lAgU nahIM hotii| kAvya meM upamAdi alaMkAra mAdhuryAdi guNoM kI hI bhA~ti samavAya vRtti se sthita rahate haiN|' vAmana ne guNAlaMkAra pravibhAga ke viSaya meM dUsarI kalpanA kI hai| unake mata se guNa kAvya ke niyata dharma haiM, dUsare zabdoM meM ve kAvya kI zobhA ke vidhAyaka haiM, jaba ki guNa usa zobhA kI vRddhi karane vAle haiM arthAt ve kAvya ke anitya dharma hai.| dhvanivAdI ne aMzataH vAmana ke isa mata ko svIkAra kiyA hai ki guNa kAvya ke niyata dharma haiM tathA alaMkAra anitya dharma; guNa kA honA kAvya meM atyAvazyaka hai, jaba ki alaMkAra kA honA atyAvazyaka nhiiN| tathApi dhbanivAdI isa mata se santuSTa nahIM ki guNa kAvya zobhA ke vidhAyaka hote haiN| vastutaH dhvanivAdI kAvya zobhA kA vAstavika kAraNa rasa (yA dhvani ) ko hI mAnatA hai / tabhI to mammaTAcArya ne guNoM ko ve nityadharma mAnA hai, jo zauryAdi kI bhA~ti kAvya ke AtmarUpa rasa ke utkarSa hetu haiM : ye rasasyAMgino dharmAH zauryAdaya ivaatmnH| utkarSahetavaste syuracalasthitayo guNAH // ( kAvyaprakAza 8R ) 1. 'samavAyavRttyA zauryAdayaH saMyogavRttyA ca hArAdayaH ityastu guNAlaMkArANAM bhedaH, ojaH prabhRtInAmanuprAsopamAdInAM cobhayeSAmapi samayAvRttyA sthitiriti gaDDalikApraNAheNaivaiSAM bhedaH / -bhaTTodbhaTa kA mata (mammaTa ke dvArA uddhRta) kAvyaprakAza aSTama ullAsa / 2. kAvyazobhAyAH kartAro dharmA gunnaaH| tdtishyhetvstvlngkaaraaH| -kAvyAlaMkArasUtravRtti 3.1.1-2

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[ 64 ] jaba ki alaMkAra 'rasa' ke dharma na hokara kevala upakAraka hote haiM, tathA ve isake sAtha sAkSAta saMbaMdha na rakha kara zamdArtha se saMbaddha hote haiM, sAtha hI kAvya meM ve Avazyaka nahIM hote| isIlie sAhitya darpaNakAra vizvanAtha ne alaMkAra kI paribhASA nibaddha karate samaya isa bAta kA saMketa kiyA hai ki alaMkAra zabdAdi ke asthira dharma hote haiM tathA usake dvArA rasa ke upakAraka hote haiM : zabdArthayorasthirA ye dharmAzzobhAtizAyinaH / rasAdInupakurvanto'laMkArAste'gadAdivat ||(saahitydrpnn 10-1) isa prakAra spaSTa hai :(1) alaMkAra rasa ke dharma na hokara zabdArtha ke dharma hai, jaba ki guNa rasa ke dharma haiM / (2) alaMkAra zabdArtha ke bhI anitya yA asthira dharma haiM, unakA zabdArtha meM honA anivArya nahIM, jabaki guNa rasa ke sthira dharma hai| (3) alaMkAra kAvya kI zobhA ke vidhAyaka nahIM, ve to kevala zobhA kI vRddhi bhara karate haiM, zobhA kI sRSTi to rasa karatA hai / (4) alaMkAra zabdArtha kI zobhA bar3hA kara usake dvArA rasa ke upaskAraka banate haiN| (5) ye ThIka vaise hI rasa ke upaskAraka hote haiM, jaise aMgadAdi AbhUSaNa zarIra kI zobhA bar3hA kara zarIrI ke upaskAraka banate haiN| alaMkAroM kA vargIkaraNa hama dekhate haiM ki alaMkAra zabdArtha ke anitya dharma haiM, ataH zabda evaM artha donoM ke pRthaka-pRthaka alaMkAra hoNge| kucha alaMkAra zabda se saMbaddha hote haiM, kucha artha se, kucha aise bhI ho sakate haiM jo zabda tathA artha donoM se saMbaddha hote haiN| isa taraha alaMkAra tIna taraha ke hoMge-zabdAlaMkAra, arthAlaMkAra tathA umayAlaMkAra / alaMkAroM ke viSaya meM mammaTAcArya kA eka prasiddha siddhAnta hai ki jo alaMkAra jisa para Azrita ho, vaha usakA alaMkAra kahalAtA hai-'yoyadAzritaHsa tdlNkaarH'| . bhAva yaha hai, jo camatkAra zabda yA artha para Azrita ho vaha zabdAlaMkAra yA arthAlaMkAra hai tathA jo camatkAra zamdArtha para Azrita ho vaha ubhayAlaMkAra hai| zabdAlaMkAra kA vAstavika camatkAra zabda para Azrita hone ke kAraNa, usa zabda ko haTA kara usake paryAyavAcI zabda kA prayoga nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| aisA karane se camatkAra naSTa ho jaaygaa| isIliye zabdAlaMkAra sadA 'zabdaparivRtti' nahIM saha pAtA, vaha 'zabdaparivRttyasahiSNu' hotA hai| arthAlaMkAra meM yaha bAta nahIM hai, vahA~ vAstavika camatkAra zabda meM na hone ke kAraNa kisI bhI zabda ko haTAkara paryAyavAcI zabdakA prayoga karane para bhI camatkAra banA rahatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai, arthAlaMkAra 'zabdaparivRttisahiSNu' hotA hai| hama do udAharaNa le leM (1)kanaka kanaka te saugunI mAdakatA adhikAya / uhi khAye baurAya hai, uhi pAye hI baurAya // isa paba meM 'yamaka' nAmaka zabdAlaMkAra haiN| 'kanaka' isa zabda kA do bAra bhinna-bhinna artha meM prayoga kiyA gayA hai, eka sthAna para isakA artha hai 'suvarNa' dUsare sthAna para 'Aka' / yahA~ . camatkAra isa prakAra eka se hI pada ke do bAra do arthoM meM prayoga karane ke kAraNa hai / yadi eka bhI artha meM hama zabdaparivRtti kara deMge to alaMkAra naSTa ho jaaygaa| 'kanaka Akatai saugunI' pATha karane para patha kA camatkAra naSTa ho jAyagA tathA yahA~ koI alaMkAra na rhegaa|

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[ 65 ] (2) kamalamiva sundaraM tanmukham / isa ukti meM pUrNopamA alaMkAra hai / yadi isa ukti ko 'abjamiva manoharaM tadAnanam', 'padmasadRzaM tadvadanam' ityAdi rUpoM meM parivartita kara diyA jAya, to bhA upamA kA camatkAra banA rahatA hU~ / ataH spaSTha haiM, yahA~ hama zabdaparivRtti kara sakate haiM, jaba ki uparyukta udAharaNa meM nahIM / hama eka tIsarA udAharaNa le leM :- 'svanmukhaM rAtrau divApi abjazobhAM dhase' (tumhArA mukha rAta meM aura dina meM bhI abja ( candramA, kamala ) kA zobhA ko dhAraNa karatA hai ) / yahA~ do alaMkAra haiM, eka nidarzanA nAmaka arthAlaMkAra, dUsarA zleSa nAmaka zabdAlaMkAra / jahA~ taka nidarzanA bAlA aMza hai, usa aMza meM zabdaparivRtti karane para bhI camatkAra banA rahegA, kiMtu 'abja' pada kI parivRtti kara 'candra' yA 'kamala' eka pada kA prayoga karane para zleSa kA camatkAra naSTa ho jAyagA / ata: isa udAharaNa meM 'abja' pada 'parivRttisahiSNu' nahIM hai, bAkI pada 'parivRttisahiSNu'. hai / hama cAhe to 'tavAnanaM nizi dine'pi abjalIlAmanubhavati' kara sakate haiM, tathA donoM alaMkAroM kA camatkAra akSuNNa banA rahagA / zabdAlaMkAra :- zabdAlaMkAra kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA 'parivRttisahiSNutva' hai / isa AdhAra para vidvAnoM ne kevala chaH zabdAlaMkAra mAne haiM :- 1. anuprAsa, 2. yamaka, 3. ileSa, 4. vakrokti, 5. punaruktavadAbhAsa tathA 6. citrAlaMkAra / sarasvatIkaMThAbharaNa meM bhoja ne 24 zabdAlaMkAroM kI tAlikA dI hai para unameM adhikatara zabdaparivRttisahiSNu haiM, ataH ve zabdAlaMkAra nahIM kahalA sakate / paThanti zabdAlaMkArAn bahUnanyAnmanISiNaH / parivRttisahiSNutvAt na te zabdekabhAginaH // isIlie kAvyaprakAza ke TIkAkAra somezvara ne chaH zabdAlaMkAra hI mAne haiM: vakroktirabhyanuprAso yamakaM zleSacitrake / punaruktavadAbhAsaH zabdAlaMkRtayastu SaT // dIkSita ne kuvalayAnanda tathA citramImAMsA donoM racanAoM meM zabdAlaMkAra kA vivecana nahIM kiyA hai, isakA saMketa hama kara Aye haiM / yahA~ saMkSepa meM ina alaMkAroM kA lakSaNodAharaNa denA anAvazyaka na hogA / (1) anuprAsa : - jahA~ eka sI vyaJjana dhvaniyA~ aneka zabdoM ke Adi, madhya yA anta meM krama se prayukta ho, vahA~ anuprAsa hotA hai, dUsare zabdoM meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki kAvya samAna vargoM ( vyaJjanoM ) kA prayoga anuprAsa hai / ( varNasAmyamanuprAsaH / mammaTa ) udAharaNa : unmIlanmadhugandhalubdhamadhupavyAdhUtacUtAGkurakrIDaskokilakAkalIkalakalairudgIrNakarNajvarAH / nayaMte pathikaiH kathaM kathamapi dhyAnAvadhAnakSaNaprAptaprANasamAsamAgamarasAllAsairamI vAsarAH // anuprAsa ke cheka, vRtti, zruti tathA lATa ye cAra bheda mAne jAte haiM, jo anyatra dekhe jA sakate haiM / ( 2 ) yamaka : jahAM eka-se svaravyaJjanasamUha ( pada ) kI ThIka usI krama se bhinna-bhinna arthoM meM AvRtti ho, vahAM yamaka hotA hai / 5 ku0 bhU0

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satyartha pRthagAyAH svrgyjnsNhteH| krameNa tenaivAvRttiyamakaM vinigadyate // (vizvanAtha ) udAharaNa: navapalAzapalAzavanaM puraHsphuTaparAgaparAgatapaGkajam / mRdulatAMtalatAMtamalokayat sa surabhi surabhi sumanomaraiH // 'rAjA dazaratha ne navIna pattoM se yukta palAzavana vAle parAga se yukta kamala vAle tathA komala latAoM ke agrabhAga vAle phUloM kI sugaMdha se bhare vasaMta ko dekhA' / isa padya meM palAza'-'palAza', 'parAgata-parAgata' 'latAMta-latAMta' 'surabhi-surami' meM eka-se svaravyaJjanasamUha kI ThIka usI krama se bhinnArthaka AvRtti pAI jAtI hai, ataH yaha yamaka alaMkAra hai| ( 3 ) zleSa-zleSa ko mammaTAdi AlaMkArikoM ne zabdAlaMkAra mAnA hai| jahA~ zleSa meM zamdaparivRttisahiSNutva pAyA jAtA hai, vahIM ye arthazleSa nAmaka arthAlaMkAra mAnate haiM, tathA jahA~ usameM parivRttisahiSNutva nahIM pAyA jAtA, vahA~ zabdAlaMkAra mAnate haiN| isa saMbaMdha meM nIna mata hai :-1. kucha vidvAn zleSa ke sabhaMga tathA abhaMga donoM bhedoM ko zabdAlaMkAra mAnate haiM, jinameM pramukha AlaMkArika mammaTa haiN| 2. kucha AlaMkArika (ruyyakAdi ) sabhaMgazleSa ko zabdAlaMkAra mAnate haiM tathA abhaMgazleSa ko arthaalNkaar| ___3. kucha AlaMkArika (appaya dIkSitAdi ) sabhaMga tathA abhaMga donoM taraha ke zleSa ko arthAlaMkAra mAnate haiN| kuvalayAnaMda meM dIkSita ne batAyA hai ki ve donoM ko arthAlaMkAra mAnate haiM isakI puSTi citramImAMsoM meM kI gaI hai| kintu citramImAMsA meM zleSa alaMkAra kA koI prakaraNa nahIM miltaa| isa prakAra dIkSita ke mata se zleSa zabdAlaMkAra na hokara arthAlaMkAra hI hai| yahI kAraNa hai, dIkSita ne kuvalayAnaMda meM zleSa alaMkAra ke jo udAharaNa diye haiM, ve mammaTa ke mata se zleSa nAmaka zamdAlaMkAra hoMge: (.)sarvado mAdhavaH pAyAt sa yo'gaMgAmadIdharat / (2) abjena tvanmukhaM tulyaM hariNAhitasaktinA // zleSa alaMkAra ke lakSaNodAharaNa grantha meM dekhe jA sakate haiN| ( 4 ) vakrokti:-ThIka yahI bAta vakrokti ke viSaya meM kahI jAsakatI hai| mammaTAdi AlaMkArika vakrokti ko zabdAlaMkAra mAnate haiM tathA isake zleSa evaM kAku ye do bheda mAnate haiM / dIkSita ne vakrokti ko arthAlaMkAra mAnA hai| vakrokti ko arthAlaMkAra mAnane vAle sarvaprathama AlaMkArika ruyyaka haiM, jinhoMne ise gUDhArtha pratItimUlaka arthAlaMkAroM meM mAnA hai| alaMkAra sarvasva meM vakrokti kA vivecana zabdAlaMkAroM ke sAtha na kara arthAlaMkAra prakaraNa meM vyAjokti ke vAda tathA svamAvokti se pahale kiyA gayA hai / mammaTa ke mata kA anukaraNa bAda ke AlaMkArikoM meM kevala sAhityadarpaNakAra vizvanAtha ne kiyA hai, jo ise spaSTataH zabdAlaMkAra mAnate haiM / zobhAkara mitra, vidyAnAtha, vidyAdhara tathA appaya dIkSita ne ruyyaka ke hI mata kA anusaraNa kara vakrokti ko arthAlaMkAra hI mAmA hai| dIkSita ne vakrokti ke tIna bheda mAne hai :-zabdazleSamUlA,

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[ 67 ] arthazleSamUlA tathA kaakumuulaa| mammaTa ke mata se zabdazleSamUlA tathA kAkumUlA vakrokti zabdA. laMkAra hI hoNge| arthazleSamUlA vakrokti meM vakrokti alaMkAra na mAnakara saMbhavataH mammaTAdi dhvanivAdI vyaJjanA vyApAra mAnanA cAheMge aura isa taraha vahA~ dhvani yA guNIbhUtavyaMgya kAvya maaneNge| vakrokti ke lakSaNodAharaNa grantha meM dekhe jA sakate haiN| zabdAlaMkAra ke bhI udAharaNa ve hI hoMge, hA~ 'bhikSArthI sa ka yAtaH sutanuH' ityAdi padya vakrokti zabdAlaMkAra kA udAharaNa nahIM hai, kyoMki vahA~ zabdaparivRttisahiSNutva pAyA jAtA hai| (5) punaruktavadAbhAsa :-punaruktavadAbhAsa ke viSaya meM bhI matabheda hai| alaMkArasarvasvakAra ruyyaka ise arthAlaMkAra mAnate haiM / mammaTa, zobhAkara mitra, vizvanAtha Adi ise zabdAlaMkAra mAnate haiM / vaise mammaTa ne punaruktavadAbhAsa kA eka prakAra vaha bhI mAnA hai, jahA~ isameM zabdArthobhayAlaMkAratva pAyA jAtA hai| __ jahA~ bhinna bhinna svarUpa vAle aise zabda prayukta hoM jinakA vastutaH eka hI artha nahIM hotA phira bhI ApAtataH eka hI artha pratIta hone se punarukti jAna par3atI hai, vahA~ punaruktavadAbhAsa alaMkAra hotA hai| udAharaNa cakAsatyaMganArAmAH kautukaanndhetvH| tasya rAjJaH sumanaso vibudhAH pArzvavartinaH // 'usa rAjA ke nikaTavartI sundara cittavAle paNDita loga, prazaMsanIya aMgavAlI sundarI striyoM ke sAtha krIDA kA Ananda bhogane vAle aura nAca gAna Adi ke kautuka ( camatkAra ) tathA Ananda (sukhopabhoga ) ke pAtra banakara, suzobhita hote haiN|' ___ isa padya meM 'aMganA-rAmA, 'kautuka-Ananda' 'sumanasaH-vibudhAH' meM ApAtataH punarukti pratIta hotI hai, kintu inakA prayoga bhinna 2 artha meM hone se yahA~ punaruktavadAbhAsa alaMkAra hai / (6)citrAlaMkAra:-kabhI kabhI kavi kisI padyavizeSa ke vargoM kI racanA isa taraha kI karatA hai ki unheM eka vizeSa krama se sajAne para kamala, chatra, dhanupa, hasti, azva, dhvaja, khaDga Adi kA AkAra bana jAtA hai| isa prakAra ke camatkAra ko citrAlaMkAra kahA jAtA hai| zreSTha kavi tathA Alocaka ise heya samajhate haiM / arthAlaMkAroM kA vargIkaraNa:-arthAlaMkAroM ko kinhIM nizcita koTiyoM meM vibhakta kiyA jAtA hai| ye haiM:-1 sAdRzyagarbha, 2 virodhagarbha, 3 zRGkhalAvandha, 4 tarkanyAyamUlaka, 5 vAkyanyAyamUlaka 6 lokanyAyamUlaka 7 gUDhArthapratItimUlaka / kayyaka ke matAnusAra yaha vargIkaraNa nimna hai : sAdRzyagarbha-isa koTi meM sarvaprathama tIna bheda hote haiM :-bhedAbhedapradhAna, anedapradhAna tathA gamyaupamyAzraya / inameM bhI abhedapradhAna ke do bheda hote haiM -AropamUlaka tathA adhyava. sAyamUlaka / (ka) bhedAbhedapradhAna-upamA, upameyopamA, ananvaya, smaraNa / ( kha ) aropamUlaka abhedapradhAna-rUpaka, pariNAma, sandeha, bhrAntimAn , ullekha, apahuti / (ga) adhyavasAyamUlaka abhedapradhAna-utprekSA, atizayokti / (gha) gamyaupamyAzraya-tulyayogitA, dIpaka ( padArthagata ), prativastUpamA dRSTAnta, nidarzanA ( vAkyArthagata ), vyatireka, sahokti ( bhedapradhAna ), vinokti, samAsokti, parikara (vizeSaNavi.

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[ 68 ] cchittyAzraya ), parikarAMkura (vizeSyavicchittyAzraya ), zleSa (vizeSaNa vizeSyavicchittyAzraya ) amastutaprazaMsA, arthAntaranyAsa, paryAyokti, vyAjastuti, AkSepa / (2) virodhagarbha-virodha, vibhAvanA, vizeSokti, atizayokti, asaMgati, viSama, sama, vicitra, adhika, anyonya, vizeSa, vyAghAta / (3) zrRMkhalAbandha-kAraNamAlA, ekAvalI, mAlAdIpaka, sAra / (4) tarkanyAyamUlaka-kAvyaliMga, anumaan| . (5) vAkyanyAyamUlaka-yathAsaMkhya, paryAya, parivRtti, parisaMkhyA, arthApatti, vikalpa, ____samuccaya, smaadhi| (6) lokanyAyamUlaka-pratyanIka, pratIpa, mIlita, sAmAnya tadguNa, atadguNa, uttara / (7) gUDhArthapratItimUlaka-sUkSma, byAjokti, vakrokti, svabhAvokti, bhAvika, saMsRSTi, saMkara / katipaya alaMkAroM kA svarUpa aura unakA anya alaMkAroM se vaiSamya (1) upamA (1) upamA meM eka vastu kI tulanA kisI anya vastu se guNakriyAdi dharma ke AdhAra para kI jAtI hai| (2) yaha bhedAbhedapradhAna sAdharmyamUlaka alaMkAra hai| (3) isake cAra tattva hote haiM-upameya, upamAna, sAdhAraNa dharma tathA vAcaka zabda / cAroM tattvo kA prayoga hone para pUrNa upamA hotI hai aura kisI eka yA adhika kA __ anupAdAna hone para luptA hotI hai| upamA tathA ananvaya-upamA ke upamAna tathA upamaya bhinna bhinna hote haiM, ananvaya meM upameya hI svayaM kA upamAna hotA hai| upamA tathA upameyopamA-upamA eka vAkyagata hotI hai, upameyopamA sadA do vAkyoM meM hotI hai tathA vahA~ do upamAe~ pAI jAtI haiN| upameyopamA meM prathama vAkya kA upameya dvitIya upamA kA upamAna tathA prathama upamA kA upamAna dvitIya upamA kA upameya ho jAtA hai| upamA tathA utprekSA-upamA bhedAbhedapradhAna sAdharmyamUlaka alaMkAra hai, jaba ki utprekSA abhedapradhAna yA adhyavasAyamUlaka alaMkAra hai| upamA meM upameya tathA upamAna kI tulanA kI jAtI hai, jaba ki utprekSA meM prakRta ( upameya ) meM aprakuta (upamAna ) kI saMbhAvanA kI jAtI hai / upamA tathA rUpakaH-upamA bhedAbhedapradhAna alaMkAra hai, jaba ka rUpaka abhedapradhAna alaMkAra hai / upamA kA vAstavika camatkAra sAdharmya ke kAraNa hotA hai, jaba rUpaka kA camatkAra viSaya ( upameya ) para viSayI ( upamAna.) ke Aropa yA tAdrUpyApatti ke kAraNa hotA hai| (2) rUpaka (1) rUpaka abhedapradhAna sAdharmyamUlaka alaMkAra hai| ataH isameM sAdRzya sambandha kA honA Avazyaka hai / dUsare zabdoM meM yahA~ gauNI sAropA lakSaNa honA Avazyaka hai| (2) isameM AropaviSaya ( upameya ) para AgepyamANa ( upamAna ) kA Aropa kiyA jAtA hai, arthAt yahA~ upameya ko upamAna ke raMga meM raMga diyA jAtA hai / tI hai|

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[ 66 ] (3) yaha Aropa sadA AhArya yA kavikasthita honA cAhie; svArasika ( vAstavika) yA anAhArya nahIM - - (4) 'AropasadA camatkArI ho, aisA na hone para 'gaurvAhIkA kI taraha rUpaka alaMkAra na ho skegaa| (5) upameya para upamAna kA Aropa zrauta yA zAda ho, A nhiiN| arthagata hone para rUpaka na hokara nidarzanA alaMkAra ho jaaygaa| (1) rUpaka meM sAdhAraNa dharma sadA spaSTa honA caahie| prAyaH rUpaka meM sAdhAraNa dharma kA prayoga nahIM kiyA jAtA, kiMtu kabhI-kabhI kiyA bhI jA sakatA hai, jaise isa paDi meM-'narAnamba jApAna trAtuM svamiha paramaM bheSajamasi / ' rUpaka tathA upamA- dekhiye, upamA ), rUpaka tathA uramehA-rUpaka meM kavi yaha mAnate hue bhI mukha candramA nahIM hai, unake anisAmya ke kAraNa mukhapara candramA kA Aropa kara detA hai / isa sthiti meM usakI cittavRtti meM anizcitatA nahIM pAI jaatii| utprekSA meM kavi kI cittavRtti kisI eka nizcaya para nahIM pahu~ca pAtI. yadyapi usakA vizeSa AkarSaNa 'candramA ke prati hotI hai| utprekSA bhI eka prakAra kA saMzaya ( saMdeha ) hI hai, para isa saMzayAvasthA meM donoM pakSa samAna nahIM rahate, balki upamAnapakSa balavAn hotA hai / isIlie utprekSA ko 'utkaTakako TikaH saMzayaH' kahA jAtA hai| rUpaka tathA saMdeha-rUpaka meM kavi kI cittavRtti anizcita nahIM rahatI, jaba ki saMdeha meM vaha aneka pakSoM meM dolAyita rahatI hai / rUpaka tathA smaraNa-donoM sAdRzyamUlaka alaMkAra hai| rUpaka meM eka vastu para dUsarI vastu kA Aropa kiyA jAtA hai, jaba ki smaraNa meM sadRza vastu ko dekhakara pUrvAnubhUta vastu kI smRti ho AtI hai / smaraNa meM upamAna ko dekhakara upameya kI yA upameya ko dekhakara upamAna kI athavA tatsaMbaddha vastu kI bhI smRti ho sakatI hai, kiMtu rUpaka meM upameyaH hI AropaviSaya ho sakatA hai| " rUpaka tathA atizayoki-atizayokti ke prathama bheda (bhede abhedarUpA atizayokti) se rUpaka meM yaha samAnatA hai ki donoM abhedapradhAna alaMkAra haiN| kiMtu rUpaka meM tApya pAyA jAtA hai, jaba ki atizayokti meM adhyavasAya hotA hai, arthAt atizayokti meM viSayI (candra) viSaya (mukha) kA nigaraNa kara letA hai| rUpaka meM gauNI sAropA lakSaNA hotI hai, to atizayokti meM gauNI sAdhyavasAnA lkssnnaa| rUpaka tathA nidarzanA-( dekhiye, nidrshnaa)| (3) utprekSA (1) yaha abhedapradhAna sAdharmyamUlaka alaMkAra hai| ( 2 ) isameM atizayokti kI taraha viSayI viSaya kA adhyavasAya karatA hai; kintu usase isameM yaha bheda hai ki atizayokti meM adhyavasAya siddha hotA hai, utprekSA meM sAdhya, yahI kAraNa hai ki yahA~ donoM kA svazamdataH upAdAna hotA hai| ............. (3) yahA~ svarUpa, hetu yA phala ko anya rUpa meM saMbhAvita kiyA jAtA hai| (4) yaha saMbhAvanA sadA AhArya yA kalpita hotI hai|

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[ 70 ] (5) saMbhAvanA ke vAcaka zabda - iva, manye, dhruvaM Adi kA prayoga karane para vAcyA utprekSA hotI hai / vAcaka zabda kA anupAdAna hone para gamyA yA pratIyamAnA utprekSA hotI hai, jaise isa paMkti meM - 'svaskIrtirbhramaNazrAntA viveza svarganimnagAm' / utprekSA tathA upamA ( dekhiye, upamA ) / utprekSA tathA rUpaka - ( dekhiye, rUpaka ) / utprekSA tathA saMdeha--donoM saMzayamUlaka alaMkAra haiM, jinameM kisI eka pakSa kA pUrNaM nizcaya nahIM ho pAtA / yaha mukha hai yA candramA hai, isa taraha kI anizcitatA donoM meM rahatI hai, kiMtu bheda yaha hai ki saMdeha meM donoM pakSa samAna hote haiM, ataH cittavRtti ko kisI eka pakSa kA moha nahIM hotA / utprekSA meM cittavRtti ko upamAnapakSa kA moha rahatA hai, upamAna ke prati usakA vizeSa jhukAva hotA hai| isI ko 'manye, zaMke' Adi ke dvArA vyakta karate haiM / utprekSA tathA atizayokti -- donoM adhyavasAyamUlaka alaMkAra haiN| atizayokti meM adhyavasAya ke siddha hone ke kAraNa viSayI viSaya kA nigaraNa kara letA hai, ataH viSaya kA svazabdataH upAdAna nahIM hotA / utprekSA meM adhyavasAya sAdhya hone ke kAraNa viSaya kA upAdAna hotA hai / vastutaH utprekSA, saMdeha tathA atizayokti kI vaha madhyavartI sthiti hai, jaba saMzaya ko chor3ane ke lie cittavRtti dhIre-dhIre upamAna kI ora jhukane lagatI haiN| jaba vaha pUrI taraha upamAnapakSa kI ora jhuka jAtI hai tathA utprekSA yA sandeha bilakula nahIM rahatA to atizayokti ho jAtI hai / isa taraha utprekSA meM kisI sImA taka anizcitatA pAI jAtI hai, jaba ki atizayokti meM upamAnatva ( candratva ) kA pUrNa nizcaya hotA hai / itanA saMketa kara denA Avazyaka hogA ki donoM alaMkAroM meM sAdharmyakalpanA AhArya hotI hai / ( 4 ) atizayokti ( 1 ) atizayokti alaMkAra ke pA~ca bheda hote haiM, inameM prathama cAra bheda sAdRzyamUlaka haiM, pA~cavA bheda kAryakAraNamUlaka / ( 2 ) atizayokti abhedapradhAna adhyavasAyamUlaka alaMkAra hai, jisameM adhyavasAya ( viSayI ke dvArA viSaya kA nigaraNa ) siddha hotA hai / ( 3 ) atizayokti ke samasta bheda AhAryajJAna para Azrita hote haiM / ( 4 ) atizayokti ke prathama bheda meM bhinna vastuoM meM sAdRzya ke AdhAra para abhinnatA sthApita kI jAtI hai / yahA~ sAdhyAvasAnA gauNI lakSaNA pAI jAtI hai / ( 5 ) atizayokti ke dUsare bheda meM abhinna vastu meM hI 'anyatva' kI kalpanA kara bhinnatA sthApita kI jAtI hai / (6) atizayokti ke tIsare bheda meM do vastuoM meM paraspara saMbaMdha ke hote hue bhI asaMbaMdha kI kalpanA kI jAtI hai / (7) atizayokti ke cauthe bheda meM do vastuoM meM paraspara koI vAstavika saMbaMdha na hote hue aI saMbaMdha kalpanA kI jAtI hai / ( 8 ) atizayokti ke pA~cave bheda meM kAraNa tathA kArya ke paurvAparya kA vyatikrama kara diyA jAtA hai yA to kAraNa tathA kArya kI sahabhAvitA varNita kI jAtI hai, yA kArya kI prAgbhAvitA / dIkSita ne isa bheda ko do bhedoM meM bA~Takara atyantAtizayokti tathA capalAtizayokti kI kalpanA kara DAlI hai / isa taraha dIkSita ke mata se atizayokti ke chaH bheda hote haiM /

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[ 71 ] atizayokti aura rUpaka - (de0 rUpaka ) atizayokti aura utprekSA - ( de0 utprekSA ) / pA~cavI atizayokti aura asaMgati-- donoM kAryakAraNamUlaka alaMkAra haiM, eka kAryakAraNa ke kAlagata mAna se saMbaddha haiM, dUsarA kAryakAraNa ke dezagata mAna se / kAryakAraNa ke kAlagata vyatikrama ke prauDhoktimaya varNana meM pA~cavI ( tathA chaThI) atizayokti hotI hai; kAryakAraNa ke dezagata vyatikrama ke prauDhoktimaya varNana meM asaMgati alaMkAra hotA hai / (5) smaraNa, saMdeha tathA bhrAMtimAn ( 1 ) tInoM sAdRzyamUlaka alaMkAra haiM / smaraNa bhedAbhedapradhAna alaMkAra hone ke kAraNa upamA ke varga kA alaMkAra hai jaba ki saMdeha evaM bhrAMtimAn abhedapradhAna alaMkAra hone ke kAraNa rUpaka varga ke alaMkAra haiM / ( 2 ) smaraNa alaMkAra meM kisI vastu ko dekhakara sadRza vastu kA smaraNa ho AtA hai / ataH isameM yA to upamAna ko dekhakara upameya kA smaraNa ho AtA hai yA aisA bhI ho sakatA hai ki upameya ko dekhakara upamAna kA smaraNa ho Aya / sAtha hI smaraNa alaMkAra meM kisI vastu ko dekhakara tatsadRza vastu se saMbaddha vastu ke smaraNa kA bhI samAveza hotA hai / ( 3 ) saMdeha alaMkAra meM eka hI prakRta padArtha meM kavipratibhA ke dvArA aprakRta kI saMzayAvasthA utpanna kI jAtI hai / yaha saMzaya AhArya yA svArasika kisI bhI taraha kA ho sakatA hai / alaMkAra hone ke lie kisI bhI saMdeha camatkAra honA Avazyaka hai, ataH 'sthANurvA puruSo vA' saMdehAlaMkAra nahIM ho sakatA | AlaMkArikoM ne isake tIna bheda mAne haiM:-zuddha, nizcayagarbha tathA nizcayAnta / ( 4 ) bhrAMtimAn alaMkAra meM kavipratibhA ke dvArA prakRta meM aprakRta kA mithyAjJAna hotA hai / yaha jJAna sadA anAhArya yA svArasika hotA hai / sAdRzyamUlaka bhrAMti hone para hI yaha alaMkAra hotA hai| sAtha hI alaMkAra hone ke lie camatkAra kA honA Avazyaka hai, ataH zukti meM rajatabhrAMti ko alaMkAra nahIM mAnA jAyagA / saMdeha tathA utprekSA - (de0 utprekSA ) / saMdeha tathA rUpaka - (de0 rUpaka ) 1 bhrAMtimAn tathA utpreccA- donoM alaMkAroM meM sAdRzya ke kAraNa prakRta meM aprakRta kA jJAna hotA hai, kiMtu bhrAMtimAn meM yaha jJAna svArasika hotA hai, utprekSA meM AhArya; sAtha hI bhrAMtimAn meM mithyAjJAna nizcita hotA hai, vyakti ko kevala aprakRta kA hI jJAna hotA hai, jaba ki utprekSA meM jJAna anizcayAtmaka hotA hai, arthAt yahA~ prakRta meM aprakRta kI kevala saMbhAvanA hotI hai, yahI kAraNa hai ki utprekSA meM vyakti ko prakRta tathA aprakRta donoM kA bhAna rahatA hai / bhrAMtimAn tathA prathama atizayokti - donoM sAdRzyamUlaka alaMkAra haiN| donoM meM prakRta meM kevala aprakRta kA jJAna hotA hai| sAtha hI donoM meM prakRta yA viSaya kA upAdAna nahIM hotA / kiMtu bhrAMtimAn meM abhedajJAna kisI doSa para Azrita hai, vyakti ( cakora ) ko apanI galatI se 'mukha' candramA dikhAI par3atA hai, yahI kAraNa hai, bhrAMtimAn meM amedajJAna anAhArya yA svArasika hotA hai, jaba ki atizayokti meM yaha AhArya hotA hai / vyakti yaha jAnate hue bhI yaha mukha hai, use caMdramA kahatA hai / bhrAMtimAn tathA rUpaka -- donoM abhedapradhAna alaMkAra haiM / bhrAMtimAn anAhAryajJAna para

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[ 72 ] Azrita hai, rUpaka AhAryajJAna para / bhrAMtimAn meM jJAtA ko kevala aprakRta kA hI jJAna hotA hai, jaba ki rUpaka meM use donoM (viSaya tathA viSayI ) kA jJAna hotA hai| AMtimAn tathA mIlita - donoM alaMkAroM meM kisI eka vastu kA jJAna nahIM ho pAtA, kiMtu bhrAMtimAn meM zAtA kA viSaya eka hI vastu hotI hai tathA use galatI se usameM dUsarI samAna vastu kA mAna hotA hai; jaba ki mIlita alaMkAra meM jJAtA kA viSaya do samAnadharmI vastue~ hotI haiM tathA inameM se eka vastu itanI balavAn hotI hai ki vaha samIpastha anya vastu ko apane Apa meM chipA letI hai, phalataH zAtA ko donoM kA pRthak-pRthak jJAna nahIM ho pAtA / ( 6 ) apahnuti ( 1 ) yaha bhI abhedapradhAna alaMkAra hai / kucha AlakArikoM ke mata se apahRti kevala sAdRzya saMbaMdha meM hI hotI hai, kiMtu daNDI, jayadeva tathA dIkSita sAdRzyetara saMbaMdha meM bhI apahuti mAnate haiM / ( 2 ) isameM eka vastu (prakRta) kA niSedha kara anya vastu (aprakRta) kA Aropa kiyA jAtA hai| ( 3 ) apahRti meM prakRta kA niSedha AhArya hotA hai / ( 4 ) yadi niSedha spaSTataH 'na' ke dvArA hotA hai aura niSedhavAkya tathA AropavAkya bhinna-bhinna hote haiM to yahA~ vAkyabhedavatI apaiti hotI hai, ise dIkSita zuddhApahRti kahate haiM / yadi niSedha, chala, kapaTa, kaitava Adi apahuti vAcaka zabdoM ke dvArA kiyA jAtA hai to yahA~ do vAkya nahIM hote, ise dIkSita ne kaitavApati kahA hai 1 ( 5 ) zuddhA pati yA vAkyabhedavatI apahnuti meM yA to niSedhavAkya pahale ho sakatA hai yA AropavAkya | ( 6 ) dIkSita ne jayadeva ke DhaMga para chekApahnuti, bhrAntApahnuti tathA paryaMstApachuti jaise apahnuti bhedoM kI bhI kalpanA kI hai| apahnuti tathA rUpaka - donoM abheda pradhAna sAdRzyamUlaka (viSaya) para aprakRta ( viSayI) kA Aropa pAyA jAtA hai| Azrita hai| kiMtu apati meM prakRta kA niSedha kiyA jAtA hai, jaba nahIM kiyA jAtA / apahnuti tathA vyAjokti- donoM alaMkAroM meM vAstaviktA kA gopana kara avAstavika vastu kI sthApanA kI jAtI hai / donoM hI alaMkAroM meM vAstavikatA kA niSedha ( yA gopana ) AhAryajJAna para Azrita hotA hai / kiMtu prathama to apahnuti sAdRzyamUlaka alaMkAra hai, vyAjokti gUDhArtha pratItimUlaka alaMkAra; dUsare apati meM vaktA prakRta kA niSedha kara aprakRta kI sthApanA isalie karatA hai ki vaha prakRta vastu kA utkarSa dyotita karanA cAhatA hai, jaba ki vyAjokti meM vaktA vAstavika bAta kA gopana kara usI ke samAna lakSaNa vAlI avAstavika bAta kI sthApanA isalie karatA hai ki baha zrotA se saca bAta ko chipAkara use ajJAna meM rakhanA cAhatA hai / ( 7 ) tulyayogitA alaMkAra haiM tathA donoM meM prakRta donoM meM yaha AhAryajJAna para ki rUpaka meM prakRta kA niSedha ( 1 ) tulyayogitA gamyaupamyamUlaka alaMkAra hai / ( 2 ) isameM eka hI vAkya meM aneka padArthoM kA varNana hotA hai, jinameM kavi ekadharmAbhisaMbaMdha sthApita karatA hai / (3) dharma kA ullekha kevala eka hI bAra kriyA jAtA

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(4) ye padArtha yA to sabhI prakRta hote haiM yA samI aprakRta hote haiN| isa taraha tulyayogitA ke do bheda ho jAte haiM, (1) prakRtapadArthagata, (2) aprakRtapadArthagata / (5) aprakRtapadArthagata tulyayogitA meM sabhI padArtha kisI prakRta padArtha ke upamAna hote haiN| turupayogitA tathA dIpaka-dIpaka tathA tulyayogitA donoM gamyaupamyamUlaka alaMkAra hai| donoM meM padArthoM kA ekadharmAbhisaMbaMdha pAyA jAtA hai tathA dharma kA ullekha kevala eka hI bAra kiyA jAtA hai| donoM ekavAkyagata alaMkAra haiN| ina donoM alaMkAroM meM bheda kevala itanA hai ki tulyayogitA meM samasta padArtha yA to prakRta hoMge yA aprakRta, jaba ki dIpaka meM kucha padArtha prakRta hote haiM, kucha aprkRt| prathama tulyayogitA tathA sahoki-prathama (prakRtapadArthagata ) tulyayogitA tathA sahokti donoM meM varNita padArtha prakRta hote haiM / isa dRSTi se sahokti alaMkAra tulyayogitA ke prathama bheda se ghaniSThatayA saMbaddha hai| itanA hone para bhI inameM yaha vaiSamya hai ki sahokti meM 'saha' pada ke prayoga ke kAraNa ina padArthoM meM eka pradhAna tathA anya gauNa ho jAtA hai, ataH ekadharmAbhisaMbaMdha ThIka usI mAtrA meM nahIM raha pAtA, jaba ki tulyayogitA meM dharma kA donoM dharmI (padArthoM ) ke sAtha sAkSAt anvaya hotA hai| (8) dIpaka (10) dIpaka bhI gamyaupamyamUlaka alaMkAra hai| (2) dIpaka ke dharmadIpaka ( yA dIpaka), kArakadIpaka tathA mAlAdIpaka ye tIna bheda kiye jAte haiM, inameM kevala prathama hI aupamyamUlaka alaMkAra mAnA jA sakatA hai| (3) isameM eka vAkya meM aneka padArthoM kA ekadharmAbhisaMbaMdha pAyA jAtA hai / ye padArtha prakRta tathA aprakRta donoM taraha ke hote haiN| (4) kArakadIpaka meM eka hI kAraka kA aneka kriyAoM ke sAtha anvaya pAyA jAtA hai| isameM ye kriyAeM prakRta, aprakRta yA donoM taraha kI ho sakatI hai| isameM 'aupamya kA honA Avazyaka nahIM, sAtha hI kisI bhI samAna dharma kA saMketa nahIM kiyA jaataa| (5) mAlAdIpaka meM kramika padArtha eka dUsare ke upaskAraka banate jAte haiN| inakA dharma eka hI hotA hai tathA usakA ullekha kevala eka hI bAra kiyA jAtA hai| inameM paraspara koI aupamya nahIM hotA / camatkAra kevala isa aMza meM hai ki vahI dharma aneka padArthoM ke sAtha anvita hotA hai| dIpaka tathA tulyayogitA-30 tulyayogitA / (9) prativastUpamA (1) yaha gamyaupamyamUlaka alaMkAra hai| - (2) isameM do svatantra vAkyoM kA prayoga hotA hai, jisameM eka upameyavAkya hotA hai, dUsarA upmaanvaaky| (3) pratyeka vAkya meM sAdhAraNa dharma kA nirdeza hotA hai| .. (4) yaha sAdhAraNa dharma eka hI ho, kiMtu vibhinna vAkya meM bhinna-bhinna zabdoM meM nirdiSTa kiyA gayA ho, arthAt donoM vAkyoM ke sAdhAraNa dharmoM meM paraspara vastuprativastubhAva honA caahie| (5) gamyaupamyamUlaka alaMkAra hone ke kAraNa prakRta tathA aprakRta kA sAdRzya amiDita nahIM kiyA jAnA cAhie, usakI kevala vyavanA ho| ,

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[ 74 ] (6) yaha sAdRzya sAdharmyaM yA vaidharmyaM kisI bhI paddhati se nirdiSTa ho sakatA hai / prativastUpamA-dRSTAnta :- donoM meM do svatantravAkya hote haiM, eka meM prakRta tathA dUsare meM aprakRta kA nirdeza hotA hai| donoM meM sAdRzya gamya hotA hai / kiMtu prativastUpamA meM sAdhAraNadharma eka hI hotA hai phira bhI usakA nirdeza bhinna zabdoM meM hotA hai, jaba ki dRSTAnta meM donoM vAkyoM. ke sAdhAraNa dharma sarvathA bhinna-bhinna hote haiM, yadyapi unameM svayaM meM samAnatA pAI jAtI hai; arthAt prativastUpamA meM dharma meM vastuprativastubhAva hotA hai, dRSTAMta meM biNbprtibimbbhaav| sAtha hI dRSTAMta evaM prativastUpamA meM eka mahattvapUrNa bheda yaha bhI hai ki prativastUpamA meM kavi vizeSa jora kebala do padArthoM ke dharma para hI detA hai, jaba ki dRSTAMta se vaha dharma tathA dharmI donoM ke paraspara saMbaMdha para jora detA hai / prativastUpamA - vAkyArtha - nidarzanAH- donoM alaMkAroM meM eka vAkyArtha tathA dUsare vAkyArthe meM samAna dharma ke kAraNa sAdRzyakalpanA kI jAtI hai, sAtha hI ina donoM meM sAdRzya gamya hotA hai| kiMtu prativastUpamA meM donoM vAkya paraspara nirapekSa yA svatantra hote haiM, jaba ki nidarzanA meM ve paraspara sApekSa hote haiM / nidarzanA meM sAdhAraNa dharma kA nirdeza nahIM hotA, zrotA usakA AkSepa kara letA hai, jaba ki prativastUpamA meM donoM vAkyoM meM sAdhAraNa dharma kA pRthaka-pRthaka nirdeza hotA hai ( 10 ) dRSTAnta ( 1 ) dRSTAnta bhI gamyaupamyamUlaka alaMkAra hai / ( 2 ) isameM bhI do vAkya hote haiM, eka upameyavAkya dUsarA upamAnavAkya / ( 3 ) ye donoM vAkya svatantra yA paraspara nirapekSa hoM / (4) upameyavAkya tathA upamAnavAkya ke dharma bhinna-bhinna hoM arthAt unameM paraspara biMbapratibiMbabhAva ho / ( 5 ) yaha biMbapratibiMba bhAva na kevala dharma meM hI apitu dharmI ( prakRta tathA aprakRta padArthoM ) meM bhI ho / ( 6 ) yaha bhI prativastUpamA kI taraha sAdharmyagata tathA vaidharmyagata donoM taraha kA ho sakatA hai / vaidharmyadRSTAnta meM upameya vAkya yA to vidhiparaka hotA hai yA niSedhaparaka tathA upamAnavAkya usakA bilakula ulaTA hogA / dRSTAnta tathA prativastUpamA - 30 prativastUpamA / dRSTAnta tathA arthAntaranyAsaH - arthAntaranyAsa meM bhI dRSTAnta tathA prativastUpamA kI taraha paraspara nirapekSa do vAkya hote haiM; kiMtu dRSTAnta aupamyamUlaka alaMkAra hai, jaba ki arthAntaranyAsako kucha AlaMkArika tarkanyAyamUlaka alaMkAra mAnate haiM / dRSTAnta tathA prativastUpamA meM donoM vAkyoM meM paraspara upamAnopameyabhAva hotA hai, jaba ki arthAntaranyAsa meM donoM vAkyoM meM paraspara samarthya samarthakamAva hotA hai / dRSTAMta meM aupamya kI vyaMjanA hone ke kAraNa donoM padArtha vizeSa hote haiM, jaba ki arthAntaranyAsa meM eka padArtha sAmAnya hotA hai eka vizeSa / dRSTAnta meM donoM vAkyoM ke. dharma meM paraspara biMbapratibiMbabhAva pAyA jAtA hai, jaba ki arthAntaranyAsa meM donoM vAkyoM meM paraspara sAmAnya vizeSabhAva hotA hai / dRSTAnta - aprastutaprazaMsAH- donoM alaMkAroM meM kiyA jAtA hai, kiMtu dRSTAnta meM prastuta tathA aprastuta prastuta ke lie aprastuta padArthoM kA prayoga donoM kA vAcyarUpa meM prayoga hotA hai,

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[ 75 ] jaba ki aprastutaprazaMsA meM aprastuta vAcya hotA hai, prastuta vyaMgya / yahI kAraNa hai ki aprastutaprazaMsA meM dharma kA prayoga kevala eka hI bAra hogA, jaba ki dRSTAMta meM dharma kA prayoga donoM vAkyoM meM bhinna-bhinna hogA | (11) nidarzanA ( 1 ) nidarzanAgamyaupamyamUlaka alaMkAra hai / yahI kAraNa hai yahA~ aupamya gamya yA Artha hotA hai / ( 2 ) asaMbhavadvastusaMbaMdha vAle nidarzanA bheda meM donoM padArthoM ( prakRtAprakRta meM paraspara bipratibiMba bhAva hotA hai / (3) asaMbhavadvastu saMbaMdha vAlI vAkyagA nidarzanA meM do bheda hote haiM :- - anekavAkyagA, ekavAkyagA / anekavAkyagA nidarzanA meM aneka vAkyoM ko yat-tat, yadi tarhi jaise avyayoM se anvita kara diyA jAtA hai, jaise 'araNyaruditaM kRtaM zavazarIramudvartitaM' Adi padya meM / ekavAkyagA nidarzanA meM yat-tat Adi kA prayoga nahIM kiyA jaise 'dorbhyAmabdhi titIrSantastuSTuvuste guNArNavam / ( 4 ) padArthagA nidarzanA meM 'lIlA, zobhA' Adi ke dArA upamAna ke dharma ko upameya para Aropita kara diyA jAtA hai / " ( 5 ) saMbhavadvastusaMbaMdha vAlI ( athavA sadasadarthabodhikA ) nidarzanA meM kisI vizeSa ghaTanA ko kisI sAmAnya siddhAMta kA sUcaka batAyA jAtA hai| isake lie -' iti bodhayan iti nidarzayan iti kathayan iti vibhAvayan' Adi kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai kabhI kabhI kavi kevala 'iti' kA hI prayoga karatA hai / 9 nidarzanA tathA rUpaka - rUpaka tathA nidarzanA donoM meM yaha samAnatA hai ki yahA~ Aropa pAyA jAtA hai, rUpaka meM viSaya para viSayI kA tAdrUpyAropa hotA hai, jaba ki nidarzanA meM do padArthoM kA paraspara aikyAropa pAyA jAtA hai / kucha ( adhyaya dIkSita Adi ) alaMkArikoM ke mata se nidarzanA tathA rUpaka meM yaha bheda hai ki nidarzanA meM padArthoM meM vitrapratibiMbamAva hotA hai, jaba ki rUpaka biMbapratibiMbabhAva nahIM hotaa| kiMtu yaha mata mAnya nahIM hai| paMDitarAja jagannAtha ne isa mata kA khaNDana kara siddha kiyA hai ki rUpaka meM bhI biMbapratibiMbabhAva ho sakatA hai| paMDitarAja ke mata se nidarzanA tathA rUpaka meM sabase bar3A bheda yaha hai ki rUpaka meM prakRtAprakRta meM zrauta yA zAbda sAmAnAdhikaraNya pAyA jAtA hai, jaba ki nidarzanA meM yaha sAmAnAdhikaraNya zAbda na hokara Artha hI hotA hai / isIlie una sthAnoM para jahA~ yat tat ke prayoga ke dvArA eka vAkya para dUsare vAkya kA zrauta sAmAnAdhikaraNya pAyA jAtA hai, paMDitarAja nidarzanA nahIM mAnate, ve yahA~ vAkyArtharUpaka jaisA bheda mAnate haiM / mammaTa dIkSita Adi vahA~ bhI nidarzanA hI mAnate haiM / nidarzanA tathA dRSTAnta - nidarzanA tathA dRSTAnta donoM meM aupamya gamya hotA hai, yahA~ eka se adhika vAkya hote haiM (jaise aneka vAkyagA nidarzanA meM) donoM meM sAdRzya vAkyArthagata hotA hai| sAtha hI donoM meM biMbapratibiMbabhAva pAyA jAtA haiM / kiMtu pahale to dRSTAnta meM prayukta aneka vAkya parasparanirapekSa hote haiM, jaba ki nidarzanA meM ve parasparasApekSa hote haiM, dUsare dRSTAnta meM prakRta tathA aprakRta padArtha ke dharma bhinna-bhinna hote haiM tathA unakA nirdeza kiyA jAtA hai, jaba ki nidarzanA meM ye dharma abhinna hote haiM tathA unakA nirdeza nahIM kiyA jAtA /

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[ 76 ] tIsare, yadyapi donoM meM viMbapratibiMbabhAva pAyA jAtA hai tathApi nidarzanA meM prakRtAprakRta ke vivapratibiMbabhAva kA AkSepa kiye binA vAkyArthapratIti pUrNa nahIM ho pAtI, jaba ki dRSTAnta meM vAkyArthapratIti pUrNa ho jAtI hai, tadanaMtara vAkyArtha ke sAmarthya se prakRtAprakRta ke biMbapratibiMbabhAva kI pratIti hotI hai| (12) vyatireka (1) jahA~ upameya kA upamAna se Adhikya yA nyUnatA varNita kI jAtI hai| isa saMbaMdha meM isanA saMketa kara diyA jAya ki mammaTa tathA paMDitarAja jagannAtha kevala upameya ke AviSya meM hI vyatireka mAnate haiM, jaba ki ruyyaka tathA dIkSita upamAna ke Adhikya varNana (upameya ke nyUnatA varNana ) meM bhI vyatireka alaMkAra mAnate haiN| (2) vyatireka ke tIna prakAra hote haiM :-upamaiyAdhikyaparyavasAyI, upameyanyUnatvaparyavasAyI, anubhypryvsaayii| (3) upameya tathA upamAna ke utkarSahetu tathA apakarSahetu donoM kA athavA kisI eka kA nirdeza ho athavA donoM ke prasiddha hone ke kAraNa unakA anupAdAna bhI ho sakatA hai| (4) utkarSa-apakarSahetu ko zleSa ke dvArA bhI nirdiSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai, jahA~ upameyapakSa meM anya artha hogA, upamAnapakSa meM anya, jinameM eka utkarSahetu hogA anya apakarSahetu / (5) yadyapi vyatireka meM do padArthoM meM bhinnatA batAI jAtI hai, tathApi kavi unake sAdRzya kI vyaMjanA karAnA cAhatA hai| myatireka tathA pratIpa-donoM hI alaMkAroM meM kavi isa bAta kI vyaMjanA karAnA cAhatA hai ki upamAna tathA upameya kI paraspara tulanA nahIM kI jA sktii| upameyAdhikyaparyavasAyI vyatireka tathA pratIpa donoM meM upameya ke utkarSa ko ghotita kiyA jAtA hai, kiMtu donoM kI praNAlI bhinna hotI hai| nyatireka meM upamAna kI bhartsanA nahIM kI jAtI, jaba ki prathama pratIpa meM upamAna kI vyarthatA siddhakara usakI bhartsanA kI jAtI hai| vyatireka upamA ke hI DhaMga kA hotA hai, jaba ki prathama pratIpa kI zailI upamA vAlI nahIM hotii| .. (13) pratIpa (1) vyatireka kI bhA~ti yaha bhI sAdharmyamUlaka alaMkAra hai| (2) kavi kA dhyeya upamAna se upameya kI utkRSTatA ghotita karanA hotA hai| (3) upameya kI utkRSTatA kaI DhaMga se batAI jAtI hai| ( ka ) upamAna kI nikRSTatA batAne ke lie svayaM upamAna ko hI upameya banA diyA jAtA hai, (prathama pratIpa) (kha ) upamAna ko upameya banAkara varNanIya ( upameya ) mukhAdi kA anAdara kiyA jAtA hai, (dvitIya pratIpa) (ga) varNya (prakRta ) ko upamAna banAkara usakA anAdara karate hue isa bAta kA saMketa kiyA jAtA hai ki aprakRta ko apane tulya kRta padArtha pramila gayA hai / ( tRtIya pratIpa) . (5) varNya ( upameya) dvArA avayaM ko dI gaI upamA jhUTho batAI jAtI hai| (caturtha pratIpa) (0) upamAna kI vyarthatA batA kara isa bAta kA saMketa kiyA jAtA hai ki upameya ke hote hue upamAna kI jarUrata hI kyA hai| (paMcama pratIpa)

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[ 77 ] pratIpa tathA vyatireka - 30 vyatireka | P pratIpa tathA upamA : jaisA ki 'pratIpa' ke nAma kI vyutpatti se hI spaSTa hai, isakA artha hai 'ulaTA ' arthAt yaha 'upamA' kA ThIka virodhI alaMkAra hai / upamA kA upamAnopameyabhAva pratIpa alaMkAra meM ThIka ulaTA ho jAtA hai / jo upamA meM upameya ( mukhAdi ) hotA hai, vahI pratIpa meM upamAna hotA hai tathA jo upamA meM upamAna (candrAdi ) hotA hai, vahI pratIpa meM upameya hotA hai / dUsare zabdoM meM, upamA meM varNya yA prastuta upameya hotA hai, avarNya yA aprastuta upamAna hotA hai / jaba ki pratIpa meM avarNya yA aprastuta upameya hotA hai, varNya yA prastuta upamAna / kevala do padArthoM kI sAdRzyakalpanA mAtra meM upamA alaMkAra mAnane vAloM ke mata se pratIpa alaga se alaMkAra na hokara upamA kA hI eka praroha hai| paMDitarAja jagannAtha pratIpa kA samAveza upaga meM hI karate haiM / ( mukhamiva candra iti pratIpe, candra iva mukhaM mukhamiva candra ityupameyopamAyAM ca sAdRzyasya camatkAritvAccAtiprasaMgaH zaMkanIyaH, tayoH saMgrAhyatvAt / - rasagaMgAdhara pR0 204 - 5 ) nAgeza ne paMDitarAja ke dvArA pratIpa ko upamA kA hI aMga mAnane kA khaMDana kiyA hai| ve batAte haiM ki upamA tathA pratIpa kA camatkAra bhinna-bhinna prakAra kA hai| hama dekhate haiM ki pratIpa kA camatkAra upamAna ke tiraskAra meM paryavasita hotA hai, jaba ki upamA kA camatkAra do padArthoM kI sAdRzya buddhi para Azrita hai / ataH pratIpa kA upamA meM antarbhAva mAnanA ThIka nahIM / ( 'ahametra guruH ' - iti pratIpe'pi upamAnatiraskRtasvakRta eva saH, na tusAdRzyabuddhikRta iti na tatrApi tatvam / alaMkArabhede ca camatkArabheda eva nidAnam / - rasagaMgAdharaTIkA gurumarmaprakAza pR0 205 ) hameM nAgeza kA mata hI Thoka ja~catA hai, pratIpa kA upamA antarbhAva mAnanA ThIka nahIM / (14) sahokti-vinokti saho ki : ( 1 ) sahokti bhI gamyaupamyAzraya alaMkAra hai / ) sahokti meM aneka padArthoM ke sAtha eka hI dharma kA ullekha hotA hai| inameM eka padArtha (dharmI ) sadA pradhAna hotA hai, anya padArtha ( dharmI ) gauNa hote haiM / pradhAna dharmI kA prayoga kartA kAraka meM tathA gauNa dharmI kA prayoga karaNa kAraka meM hotA hai :- 'kumudadalaiH saha saMprati faced cakrAkamithunAni' meM 'cakravAkamithunAni' pradhAna dharmI haiM, kumudadala gauNa dharmI, vighaTanakriyA samAna dhama hai / ( 3 ) inameM prAyaH pradhAna dharmI upameya tathA gauNa dharmI upamAna hotA hai, kiMtu kabhI-kabhI upamAna kartA kAraka meM tathA upameya karaNa kAraka meM bhI ho sakatA hai, jaise 'astaM bhAsvAn prayAtaH saha ripubhirayaM saMhiyatAM balAni' meM / ( 4 ) sahAMkti ke vAcaka zabda saha, sAkaM, sArdhaM, samaM, sajuH Adi haiM, kiMtu kabhI-kabhI bAcaka zabda ke abhAva meM bhI sahArthavivakSA hone para sahokti ho sakatI hai / ( 5 ) sahokti tabhI ho sakegI, jaba sahArthavivakSA meM camatkAra ho, ataH 'anena sArdhaM viharAmburAzeH tIreSu tAlIvanamarmareSu' meM sahokti nahIM hai, kyoMki vahA~ koI camatkAra nahIM pAyA jAtA / ( 6 ) sahokti alaMkAra meM sabhI dharmI prakRta hote haiM / (7) sahokti alaMkAra meM sadA bIjarUpa meM atizayokti alaMkAra pAyA jAtA hai /

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[ 78 ] vinokti:- . (1) sahokti kA ThIka ulaTA alaMkAra vinokti hai (2) isakA lakSya eka vastu ke abhAva meM dUsarI vastu kI dazA kA saMketa karanA hai| (3) isameM vinA yA usake samAnArthaka zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| kabhI-kabhI vinA zabda ke abhAva meM bhI vinArthavivakSA hone para vinokti alaMkAra hotA hai| (4) adhikatara AlaMkArikoM ne vinokti ko bhI sahokti kI taraha bhedapradhAna gamyaupamyAzraya alaMkAra mAnA hai| (de0 ruyyaka tathA vidyAdhara kA vargIkaraNa ) kiMtu vinokti gamyaupamyAzraya alaMkAra nahIM hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki ekAvalIkAra vidyAnAtha ne ise lokanyAyamUlaka alaMkAra mAnA hai| (15) samAsokti (1) samAsokti gamyaupamyAzraya alaMkAra hai| (2) isameM prakRta padArtha ke vyavahAra yA vRttAnta kA vAcya rUpa meM varNana hotA hai| (3) isa prakRta vyavahAra rUpa vAcyArtha ke dvArA aprakRta vyavahAra kI vyaMjanA karAI jAtI hai| (4) yaha vyaMjanA liMgasAmya tathA vizeSaNasAmya ke kAraNa hotI hai| kavi prakRta padArtha ke varNana ke samaya isa prakAra ke puliMga strIliMgAdi kA tathA vizeSaNoM kA prayoga karatA hai ki usase sahRdaya ko buddhi meM dUsare ho kSaNa aprakRta padArtha ke vyavahAra kI sphUrti ho uThatI hai| apyaya dIkSita ne sArUpya ke AdhAra para bhI samAsokti mAnI hai, para paMDitarAja Adi ne usakA khaNDana kiyA hai| (5) isameM prakRta padArtha ke vizeSaNa hI zliSTa yA sAdhAraNa hote haiM jisase ve prakRta tathA aprakRta donoM vRttAntoM meM anvita hote haiM / vizeSya kabhI bhI zliSTa nahIM hotA, ataH vizeSya sadA prakRta pakSa meM hI manvita hotA hai| (6) samAsokti meM rUpaka kI bhA~ti prakRta para aprakRta kA rUpa samAropa nahIM hotA, apitu prakRta vRttAMta para aprakRta vRttAMta kA vyavahArasamAropa pAyA jAtA hai| samAsokti tathA zleSa:-(1) samAsokti meM kAvyavAkya kA vAcyArtha kevala prakRtapakSaka hotA hai, tathA usase aprakRtapakSa ke vyaMgyArtha kI pratIti hotI hai; jaba ki zleSa meM donoM (prakRtAprakRta ) pakSa kAvyavAkya ke vAcyArtha hote haiM / (2) samAsokti meM kevala vizeSaNa hI aise (zliSTa ) hote haiM jo prakRta tathA aprakRta donoM pakSoM meM anvita hote haiM, jaba ki zleSa meM vizeSaNa tathA vizeSya donoM zliSTa hote haiM / samAsokti tathA aprastutaprazaMsA:-mAsokti tathA aprastutaprazaMsA donoM gamyaupamyAzraya alaMkAra hai, tathA donoM meM do arthoM ko pratIti hotI hai, inameM eka vAcyArtha hotA hai, anya vyNgyaarth| donoM meM bheda yaha hai ki samAsokti meM vAcyArtha prakRta viSayaka hotA hai, vyaMgyArtha aprakRta viSayaka, jaba ki aprastutaprazaMsA meM vAcyArtha aprakRtaviSayaka hotA hai, vyaMgyArtha prakRtaviSayaka / sabhAsokti tathA ekadezavivartirUpakA-lamAsokti tathA ekadezavivartirUpaka meM bar3A sUkSma bheda hai / ekadezavivartirUpaka meM kavi kisI eka prakRta padArtha para kisI aprakRta padArtha kA Aropa nivaddha karatA hai, sahRdaya usase saMbaddha anya prakRta padArthoM para tattat anya aprakRta padArthoM kA Aropa AkSipta kara letA hai| isa prakAra rUpaka ke isa bheda meM bhI prakRta para aprakRta kA rUpa samAropa pAyA jAtA hai / samAsokti meM aprakRta kA spaSTataH koI saMketa nahIM hotA tathA yahA~ liMgasAmya

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[ 76 ] yA vizeSaNasAmya ke kAraNa hI sahRdaya ko aprakRta vyavahAra kI sphuraNA ho jAtI hai tathA vaha prakRta para aprakRta kA vyavahAra samAropa kara letA hai / yadi ukta ekadezavivartirUpaka meM se kavi usa aprakRtAMza ko bhI nikAla de to samAsokti ho jaaygii| hama eka padya le leM - nirIcaya vidyunnayanaiH payodo mukhaM nizAyAmabhisArikAyAH / dhArAnipAtaiH saha kiM nu vAntazcandro'yamityArtataraM rarAsa // yahA~ 'vidyunnayanaiH' meM ekadezavivarti rUpaka hone se sahRdaya 'bAdala' para 'draSTA - puruSa' ( dekhane vAle) kA Aropa kara lenA hai / yaha Aropa 'nayana' pada ke prayoga ke kAraNa AkSipta hotA hai / yadi ''vidyudyatibhiH' pATha kara diyA jAya, to yahA~ rUpaka alaMkAra kA koI rezA na rahegA, tathA yahA~ samAsokti ho jAyagI / (16) parikara - parikarAMkura ( 1 ) parikara alaMkAra meM kavi kisI sAbhiprAya vizeSaNa kA prayoga karatA hai / ( 2 ) sAbhiprAya vizeSaNoM ke hone para isa alaMkAra meM vizeSa camatkAra pAyA jAtA hai / kucha AlaMkArikoM (paMDitarAja Adi ) ke mata se aneka sAbhiprAya vizeSaNoM ke hone para hI yaha alaMkAra hota' hai / appaya dIkSita eka sAbhiprAya vizeSaNa meM bhI isa alaMkAra ko mAnate haiM / ( 3 ) parikarAlaMkAra meM kavi isa prakAra ke vizeSaNoM kA prayoga karatA hai ki usase koI vyaMgyArthaM pratIta hotA hai, jo svayaM vAcyArtha kA upaskAraka hotA hai / : ( 4 ) parikarAMkura alaMkAra kI kalpanA kevala ekAvalIkAra vidyAnAtha tathA dIkSita meM hI milatI hai / isameM kavi sAbhiprAya vizeSya kA prayoga karatA hai / anya AlaMkArika ise bhI parikara meM hI antarbhUta mAnate haiM / ( 17 ) zleSa ( 1 ) ileSa gamyaupamyAzraya arthAlaMkAra hai / ( 2 ) isameM kavi isa prakAra ke kAvyavAkya kA prayoga karatA hai, jisase sadA do arthoM kI pratIti hotI hai, ye donoM artha vAcyArtha hote haiM / ( 3 ) mammaTAdi ke mata se ye donoM arthaM yA to prakRta ho sakate haiM, yA aprakRta; kintu dIkSita ne zleSa kA eka tIsarA bheda bhI mAnA hai jisameM eka artha prakRta hotA hai dUsarA aprakRta / mammaTAdi isa bheda meM ileSa alaMkAra na mAnakara abhidhAmUlA zAbdI vyaMjanA mAnate haiM / ( 4 ) ileSAlaMkAra meM vizeSaNa tathA vizeSya donoM zliSTa hote haiM / (5) mammaTAdi ke mata se zleSa arthAlaMkAra tabhI mAnA jAyagA, jaba ki vAkya meM prayukta zabda paryAya parivRttisaha hoM, anyathA vahA~ zabdazleSa alaMkAra hogA / dIkSita ke mata se ileSa alaMkAra meM paryAya parivRttisahattva Avazyaka nahIM haiM, yaha unake udAharaNoM se spaSTa hai / zleSa tathA samAsokti - de. samAsokti / (18) aprastutaprazaMsA ( 1 ) aprastutaprazaMsA gamyaupamyAzraya arthAlaMkAra hai / ( 2 ) isameM sadA do arthoM kI pratIti hotI haiM, eka vAcyArtha dUsarA vyaMgyArthaM / ( 3 ) vAcyArtha aprakRtaparaka hotA hai, vyaMgyArtha prakRtaparaka hotA hai /

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[ 80 ] ( 4 ) aprastutaprazaMsA ke 'prazaMsA' zabda kA artha kevala 'varNana' hai, ataH yahA~ aprastuta padArtha kA varNana pAyA jAtA hai| yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki vaha prazaMsAparaka ( stutiparaka ) ho / (5) sahRdaya ko prakaraNa ke kAraNa yaha jJAta hotA hai ki ukta pakSa meM kauna prakRta hai, kauna aprakRta (6) kavi kI pradhAna vivakSA prakRtaparaka vyaMgyArtha meM hotI hai, aprakRtaparaka vAcyArtha meM nahIM / yahI kAraNa hai, vaha kabhI acetana vApItaDAgAdi athavA pazupakSyAdi ko bhI saMbodhana kara ke utti kA prayoga kara sakatA hai jo vaise anargala pralApa sA dikhAI par3atA hai / (7) aprastuta prazaMsA ke pA~ca bheda hote haiM : 1. sArUpya nibandhanA / 2. aprastuta vizeSa se prastuta sAmAnya kI vyaJjanA / 3. aprastuta sAmAnya se prastuta vizeSa kI vyaJjanA | 4. aprastuta kAraNa se prastuta kArya kI vyaJjanA | 5. aprastuta kArya se prastuta kAraNa kI vyaJjanA / aprastutaprazaMsA tathA samAsokti - 30 samAsokti / aprastutaprazaMsA tathA prastutAMkuraH - prAcIna AlaMkArikoM ne prastutAMkura alaMkAra ko nahIM . mAnA hai tathA usakA samAveza aprastutaprazaMsA meM hI kiyA haiM / dIkSita ne prastutAMkura ko alaga se alaMkAra mAnA hai / aprastutaprazaMsA tathA prastutAMkura meM yaha sAmya hai ki donoM meM do artha hote haiM, eka vAcyArtha, apara vyaMgyArthaM / vaiSamya yaha hai ki aprastutaprazaMsA meM vAcyArthaM aprastutaparaka hotA hai, vyaMgyArthaM prastutaparaka, jaba ki prastutAMkura meM donoM arthaM do bhinna bhinna prastuta padArthoM se sambaddha hote haiM / (19) prastutAMkura ( 1 ) yaha bhI samAsokti tathA aprastutaprazaMsA kI taraha gamyaupamyAzraya arthAlaMkAra hai / ( 2 ) isameM bhI do artho kI pratIti hotI hai, eka vAcyArtha, dUsarA vyaMgyArthaM tathA donoM artha do bhinna bhinna prastutoM se sambaddha hote haiM / (3) aprastutaprazaMsA kI bhA~ti isameM bhI 1. sArUpyamUlaka, 2. prastuta kAraNa se prastuta kAryakI vyaMjanA, 3. prastuta kAryaM se prastuta kAraNa kI vyaJjanA ke bheda hote haiM / sAmAnya vizeSa vAle bhedadvaya kA saMketa prastutAMkura meM nahIM miltaa| kyoMki prastuta eka hI ho sakatA hai yA to sAmAnya hI yA vizeSa hI donoM eka sAtha bhinna bhinna do prastuta nahIM ho sakate / ( 20 ) paryAyokta ( 1 ) paryAyokta alaMkAra meM kavi vyaMgyArtha kA kisI anya prakAra kI bhaMgimA se abhidhAna karatA hai / ( 2 ) ruyyakAdi ke anusAra vAcyArthaM tathA vyaMgyArthaM meM paraspara kAryakAraNa sambandha hotA hai, kintu dIkSita ke mata se unake kAryakAraNa sambandha meM paryAyokta na hokara prastutAMkura alaMkAra hotA hai, ataH dIkSita vyaMgyArthaM ko hI kisI sundara DhaMga se kahane meM paryAyokta mAnate hai / ( 3 ) donoM pakSa - vAcyArtha tathA vyaMgyArthaM prastuta hote haiM /

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[81 ] paryAyoka tathA aprastutaprazaMsA:-ryAyokta meM vAcya tathA vyaMgya donoM prastuta hote hai, aprastutaprazaMsA meM vAcyArtha prastuta hotA hai, vyaMgyArtha aprastuta / dhvanivAdiyoM ke matAnusAra paryAyokta meM vyaMgyArtha sadA vAcyArthopaskAraka hotA hai jaba ki aprastutaprazaMsA meM vAcyA vyaMgyaparaka hotA hai| paryAyoka tathA prastutAMkura:-kAryakAraNaparaka prastutAMkura tathA paryAyokta meM mammaTa, ruyyaka Adi koI bheda nahIM maante| dIkSita ke mata se paryAyokta meM kevala vyaMgyArtha kA anya prakAra se abhidhAna pAyA jAtA hai tathA vAcyArtha evaM vyaMgyAtha meM kAryakAraNa bhAva nahIM rahatA, jaba ki prastutAMkura meM donoM arthoM meM kAryakAraNabhAva hotA hai tathA donoM prastuta hote haiN| paryAyokta tathA vyAjastuti :-ina donoM alaMkAroM meM yaha samAnatA hai ki yahA~ vAcyArtha se saMzliSTa vyaMgyA kI pratIti hotI hai tathA donoM meM bhaMgyaMtarAzraya pAyA jAtA hai| bheda yaha hai ki 1. paryAyokti meM vAcya tathA vyaMgya meM kAryakAraNa ( athavA anya koI ) sambandha pAyA jAtA hai, jaba ki vyAjastuti meM nindA-stuti yA stuti-niMdA sambandhaM pAyA jAtA hai; 2. isa dRSTi se paryAyokta ko eka mahAviSaya mAnA jA sakatA hai, jisakA eka bheda vyAjastuti hai, jo svayaM eka svatantra alaMkAra bana baiThA hai| (21) vyAjastuti-vyAjanindA myAjastutiH (1) vyAjastuti meM do artha hote haiM, eka vAcyArtha dUsarA vyaMgyArtha / (2) vAcyArtha stutiparaka hone para vyaMgyArtha niMdAparaka hotA hai, vAcyArtha niMdAparaka hone para vyaMgyArtha stutiparaka hotA hai| (3) prakaraNa ke kAraNa sahRdaya zrotA ko stutiparaka yA nindAparaka vAcyArtha bAdhita pratIta hotA hai, yahI kAraNa hai ki sahRdaya usase viruddha vyaMgyAtha kI pratIti kara pAtA hai| (4) vAcyarUpa stutinindA itanI sphuTa hotI hai ki usase sahRdaya ko nindAstutirUpa vyaMgyA kI pratIti ho jAtI hai| vyAjastuti meM dhvanitva isalie nahIM mAnA jA sakatA ki yahA~ vAcyA thebAdha ke kAraNa aparArtha pratIti hotI hai, jaba ki dhvani meM vyaMgyArtha pratIti vAcyArthavAdha ke binA hotI hai / isa sambandha meM itanA saMketa kara diyA jAya ki vyAjastuti ke aparArtha ko prAyaH sabhI AlaMkArika vyaMgyArthaM mAnate haiM, kevala zobhAkara mitra eka aise AlaMkArika haiM, jinhoMne vAcyArthabAdha hone ke kAraNa yahA~ viparItalakSaNA mAnakara aparArtha ko lakSyArtha mAnA hai| (5) dIkSita ne vyAjastuti ke pA~ca bheda mAne haiM :-(1) ekaviSayaka nindA se stuti kI vyaJjanA, (2) ekaviSayaka stuti se niMdA kI vyaJjanA, (3) minnaviSayaka nindA se stuti kI vyaJjanA, (4) bhinnaviSayaka stuti se niMdA kI vyajanA, (5) bhinnaviSayaka stuti se stuti kI vyjnaa| nyAjanindA:(1) vyAjanindA vyAjastuti ke patrama prakAra kA ulaTA hai, jahA~ minnaviSayaka nindA se niMdA kI vyaJjanA pAI jAtI hai| (2) prAcIna AlaMkArikoM ne vyAjaniMdA alaMkAra nahIM mAnA hai| paNDitarAja Adi nInya AlaMkArikoM ne dIkSita ke isa alaMkAra kA khaNDana kiyA hai| 6 ku0 bhU0

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[82 ] (22) AkSepa (1) AkSepa alaMkAra meM vaktA sadA koI bAta kahatA hai yA kahane jAtA hai / (2) isI bIca vaha apane vaktavya kA, jise vaha yA to pUrA kaha cukA hotA hai ( uktaviSaya) yA jise pUrA kahanA abhI bAkI hai ( vakSyamANaviSaya ), niSedha karatA hai / (3) yaha niSedha yA to uktaviSaya se saMbaddha ho sakatA hai yA vakSyamANaviSaya se athavA vaha varNyaviSaya se saMbaddha kisI anya vastu se saMbaddha ho sakatA hai| (4) yaha niSedha vAstavika na hokara kevala niSedhAmAsa ho arthAt bAhara se vaha niSedha pratIta ho, kintu vaktA kA abhiprAya niSedha karane kA na ho| (5) isa niSedhAmAsa ke dvArA kisI vizeSa artha kI vyaJjanA karAI jAya / (23) virodhAbhAsa (1) yaha virodhagarbha alaMkAra hai| (2) isa alaMkAra meM sadA ApAtataH do paraspara virodhI vastuoM kA eka hI Azraya meM varNana kiyA jAtA hai| (3) yaha virodha vAstavika na hokara kevala AbhAsa ho / (4) AbhAsamAtra hone se isa virodha kA parihAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| (5) virodhAbhAsa zleSa para bhI Azrita ho sakatA hai kintu isake lie zleSa kA honA anivArya nahIM hai| (6) virodhAbhAsa kA vAcaka zabda 'api' hai, kintu isake binA bhI virodhAbhAsa ho sakatA hai| (7) kucha bhAlaMkArika ( mammaTAdi ) virodhAbhAsa ko virodha kahate haiN| virodhAbhAsa tathA vibhAvanA-vizeSoki:-virodhAbhAsa kI bhA~ti vibhAvanA tathA vizeSokti meM do padArthoM meM paraspara virodha dekhA jAtA hai / inameM paraspara yaha bheda hai ki (1) virodhA. mAsa meM yaha virodha kAryakAraNabhAva se sambaddha na hokara dravya, guNa, kriyA yA jAti gata hotA hai, jaba ki vibhAvanA evaM vizeSokti meM virodha kAryakAraNamUlaka hotA hai, (2) dUsare, vibhAvanAvizeSokti meM hameM eka hI viruddha tattva camatkRta karatA hai, vibhAvanA meM yaha 'phalasattva hotA hai, vizeSokti meM phalAmAva, kiMtu virodhAmAsa meM donoM hI tattva eka dUsare se viruddha hone ke kAraNa camatkRta karate haiN| (24 ) vibhAvanA-vizeSokti vibhAvanA: (1) isameM kisI vizeSa kAraNa ke abhAva meM bhI kAryotpatti kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai| (2) kAraNa ke abhAva meM kAryotpatti kA varNana vAstavika na hokara kevala kavipratimotyApita hotA hai, dUsare zabdoM meM yaha bhI eka virodhAbhAsa hai| (3) yaha kAryotpatti kisI anya kAraNa se hotI dikhAI jAtI hai, jisakI pratIti sahRdaya ko ho jAtI hai| (4) kavi kabhI vAstavika hetu kA varNana karatA hai, kabhI nhiiN|

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[ 63 ] (5) vibhAvanA ke anya prakAra vaha bhI ho sakate haiM, jahA~ kavi kabhI kArya ko kAraNa ke rUpa yA kAraNa ko kArya ke rUpa meM varNita karatA hai / vizeSoktiH ( 1 ) vizeSokti vibhAvanA kA ulaTA alaMkAra hai / yahA~ kAraNa ke hote hue bhI kArya nahIM ho pAtA / ( 2 ) kAraNa ke hote hue bhI kArya na hone meM kavi kisI pratibandhaka nimitta kI kalpanA karatA hai / jaba kavi isa nimitta kA ullekha karatA hai to uktanimittA vizeSokti hotI hai / jaba vaha isakA ullekha nahIM karatA to anuktanimittA vizeSokti hotI hai / ( 3 ) kabhI-kabhI kavi phalAbhAva ke sthAna para viruddha phalotpatti kA ullekha karatA hai, aise sthAnoM para vibhAvanA tathA vizeSokti kA saMdeha saMkara pAyA jAtA hai / vizeSoti tathA vibhAvanA :-- donoM alaMkAra kAryakAraNabhAva se sambaddha virodhagarbha alaMkAra haiN| inameM bheda yaha hai ki ( 1 ) vizeSokti meM kAraNa ke hote hue bhI kAryAbhAva pAyA jAtA hai, vibhAvanA meM kAraNa ke binA bhI kAryotpatti varNita kI jAtI hai, ( 2 ) vizeSokti kA camatkAra kAryAnutpatti vAle aMza meM hotA hai, vibhAvanA kA kAryotpatti vAle aMza meM / (25) asaMgati ( 1 ) asaMgati kAryakAraNavirodhamUlaka alaMkAra hai / ( 2 ) isameM kavi aisI do vastuoM kI, jinameM paraspara kAryakAraNa saMbaMdha hotA hai tathA jinakI ekadezasthiti Avazyaka hai, minnadezatA varNita karatA hai / isIlie jahA~ kAryakAraNa kI bhinnadezatA viruddha nahIM hotI, vahA~ asaMgati alaMkAra nahIM hogA / (3) appaya dIkSita ne asaMgati ke anya do bheda bhI mAne haiM :- eka to vaha jahA~ eka sthAna para karaNIya kArya ko vahA~ na kara anyatra kiyA jAtA hai; dUsarA vaha jahA~ kisI kArya ko karane meM pravRtta vyakti usa kArya ko na kara usase sarvathA viruddha kArya kara DAlatA hai| paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne dIkSita ke ina donoM bhedoM kA khaNDana kiyA hai| (26) viSama- sama viSama : ( 1 ) viSama alaMkAra ke tIna prakAra mAne gaye haiM / (2) prathama prakAra meM do parasparAnanurUpa vastuoM kI saMghaTanA kA varNana hotA hai| isa prakAra kavi prAyaH 'kka - kka' kA prayoga karatA hai, jaise 'va vayaM va parocamanmatho mRgazAvaiH samamedhito janaH' ( kahA~ to hama ( rAjA ) aura kahA~ hirana ke baccoM ke sAtha palA-posA vaha kAmakIlAnabhitra vyakti ( zakuntalA ) ) | kabhI kabhI 'ka-ka' ke prayoga ke binA bhI 'virUpayoH saMghaTanA' varNita kI jA sakatI hai / (3) viSama ke dvitIya bheda meM kArya tathA kAraNa ke guNa yA kriyA meM paraspara vaiSamya varNita kiyA jAtA hai / ( 4 ) tRtIya viSama meM iSTAnavApti yA aniSTAvApti kA varNana hotA hai / sama : ( 1 ) viSama sama kA virodhI alaMkAra hai, jisakI kalpanA kA zreya sarvaprathama mammaTAcArya ko hai /

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[84 ] (2) prAcIna vidvAnoM ne 'sama' eka hI taraha kA mAnA hai-prathama viSama kA ulaTA arthAta 'anurUpayoH saMghaTanA' kA varNana / (3) dIkSita ne dvitIya tathA tRtIya viSama ke AdhAra para unake virodhI dvitIya tathA tRtIya sama kI bhI kalpanA kI hai, jahA~ kAryakAraNa kI guNakriyA kA sAmya tathA iSTAvApti evaM aniSTAna vApti kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai / isa bhedakalpanA se paMDitarAja jagannAtha taka sahamata haiM / (27) kAvyaliMga (1) kAvyaliMga vAkyanyAyamUlaka alaMkAra hai / (2) yahA~ kavi apane dvArA varNita kisI tathya kI puSTi ke lie kisI vAkya yA padArtha kA heturUpa meM ullekha karatA hai| (3) kAvyaliMga kA hetu anumAna alaMkAra ke hetu kI bhA~ti vyApti yA pakSa-dharmatAdi se yukta nahIM hotA, sAtha hI isakA prayoga tRtIyA yA paMcamI vibhakti meM kabhI nahIM hotaa| yadi kavi apane tathya ko spaSTa karane ke lie hetusUcaka tRtIyA yA paMcamI kA prayoga kara detA hai athavA 'hi' 'yataH jaise uktArthopapAdaka padoM kA prayoga kara detA hai to vahA~ kAvyaliMga alaMkAra nahIM mAnA jaataa| bhAva yaha hai, kAvyaliMga meM hetutva kI vyaMjanA karAI jAtI hai, spaSTa rUpa se usakA hetutva abhihita nahIM kiyA jaataa| (4) vAkyArtha kAvyaliMga meM sadA do vAkya hote haiM, jinameM eka vAkya dUsare vAkya kA hetu hotA hai, tathA inameM yataH, yasmAt Adi kA prayoga nahIM hotaa| kAmyaliMga tathA arthAntaranyAsa:-vAkyArthagata kAvya liMga tathA arthAntaranyAsa meM eka samAnatA pAI jAtI hai ki donoM meM eka vAkyArtha dUsare vAkyArtha kI puSTi karatA hai| isa dRSTi se donoM meM hI samarthana pAyA jAtA hai| kiMtu (1) kAvyaliMga meM kisI tathya kA samarthana kisI vizeSa hetu ke dvArA kiyA jAtA hai, jabaki arthAntaranyAsa meM vizeSa kA sAmAnya ke dvArA yA sAmAnya kA vizeSa ke dvArA samarthana kiyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra kAvyaliMga meM donoM vAkyoM meM paraspara kAryakAraNabhAva hotA hai, arthAntaranyAsa meM sAmAnyavizeSabhAva / vizvanAtha ne isIlie arthAtaranyAsa meM samarthaka hetu mAnA hai, kAvyaliMga meM niSpAdaka hetu / (2) kAvyaliMga meM donoM vAkya prastutaparaka hote haiM, jabaki arthAtaranyAsa meM eka vAkya prastutaparaka hotA hai, anya aprstutprk| kAyaliMga tathA anumAna :-donoM meM tathya kI siddhi ke lie hetu kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai, kintu (1) kAvyaliMga meM kAryakAraNabhAva vyaMgya hotA hai, anumAna meM sAdhyasAdhanabhAva vAcya hotA hai, (2) kAvyaliMga meM hetu niSpAdaka ( yA kucha vidvAnoM ke mata se samarthaka ) hotA hai, anumAna meM hetu zApaka hotA hai| ( 28 ) arthAntaranyAsa (1) arthAntaranyAsa meM paraspara nirapekSa do vAkyoM kA prayoga hotA hai| (2) inameM eka vAkya sAmAnyaparaka hotA hai, anya vizeSaparaka / isa prakAra yA to sAmAnya kA vizeSa ke dvArA yA vizeSa kA sAmAnya ke dvArA samarthana pAyA jAtA hai| inameM eka prakRta hotA hai, anya aprakRta / prakRta sadA samarthya hotA hai, aprakRta samarthaka / kabhI-kabhI donoM pakSa prakRta bhI ho sakate hai|

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[85 ] (3) samarthaka vAkya meM hi, yataH Adi samarthanavAcaka padoM kA prayoga ho bhI sakatA hai, nahIM bhii| (4) ruyyaka tathA vizvanAtha ne arthAntaranyAsa vahA~ bhI mAnA hai, jahA~ kArya kAraNa ke dvArA yA kAraNa kA kArya ke dvArA samarthana pAyA jAtA hai / mammaTa tathA paMDitarAja kevala sAmAnyavizeSabhAva meM hI arthAntaranyAsa mAnate haiN| ThIka yahI mata apyaya dIkSita kA hai| arthAntaranyAsa-dRSTAnta :-30 dRSTAnta / arthAntaranyAsa kAvyaliMga:-de0 kaavyliNg| (29) vikasvara (1) vikasvara kA ullekha kevala jayadeva tathA appaya dIkSita meM milatA hai| (2) vikasvara vahA~ hotA hai, jahA~ kavi eka bAra kisI vizeSa ke samarthana ke lie sAmAnya kA prayoga karatA hai, tadanantara use aura adhika spaSTa karane ke lie punaH anya vizeSa kA upAdAna karatA hai| (3) vikasvara kA yaha tRtIya vAkya ( yA dvitIya samarthaka vAkya ) sadA vizeSa rUpa hogaa| (4) yaha vAkya yA to 'ivAdi' upamA vAcakapadoM ke kAraNa upamAzailI meM hogA, jaise 'eko hi doSo guNasannipAte nimajatIMdoH kiraNeSvivAMka:' meM, yA vaha arthAntaranyAsazailI meM hogaa| (5) prAcIna AlaMkArika tathA paNDitarAja jagannAtha bhI vikasvara nahIM mAnate / inake mata se upamAzailI vAle vikasvara kA antarbhAva upamA alaMkAra meM hogA, arthAntaranyAsa zailI vAle vikasvara kA arthAntaranyAsa meM / / (30) lalita (1) lalita alaMkAra nidarzanA alaMkAra kA hI eka praroha hai, jahA~ dIkSitAdi ne naye alaMkAra kI kalpanA kI hai| (2) lalita alaMkAra meM prastuta dharmI ke sAtha usake svayaM ke dharma kA varNana na kara' kevala usake pratibimbabhUta aprastuta ke dharma kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai| (3) nidarzanA tathA lalita meM kevala yahI bheda hai ki nidarzanA meM kavi prastuta tathA aprastuta donoM ke biba-pratibiMbabhUta dharmoM kA sAkSAt upAdAna karatA hai, tathA isa taraha donoM kA aikya samAropa karatA hai, jaba ki lalita meM prastuta kA dharma ( biMba) zamdataH upAtta nahIM hotA, kavi kevala aprastuta dharma ( pratibiMba ) kA hI prayoga karatA hai| (4) anya AlaMkArika lalita ko alaga se alaMkAra na mAnakara isakA samAveza ArthI. nidarzanA meM hI karate haiN| lalita ke lie vizeSa-de0 bhUmikA pR. 30-32 / (31) vizeSa (1) prathama vizeSa meM binA AdhAra ke Adheya kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai, athavA sAkSAta AdhAra se bhinna sthAna para Adheya kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai| (2) dvitIya vizeSa meM eka hI vastu ( Adheya ) kA aneka sthAnoM (AdhAroM) para varNana kiyA jAtA hai|

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[8] (3) tRtIya vizeSa vahA~ hotA hai, jahA~ eka kArya ko karate hue vyakti ko lage hAthoM dUsarI vastu bhI mila jAtI hai / ( 4 ) vizeSa ke tInoM prakAra atizayoktimUlaka hote haiN| (32) vicitra ( 1 ) vicitrAlaMkAra meM kisI phala kI prApti ke lie kiye gaye prayatna kA varNana pAyA jAtA hai| ( 2 ) yaha prayatna sadA phala se viparIta hotA hai| hama dekhate haiM ki kisI phala kI prApti ke lie vyakti sadA aise kArya ko karatA hai, jisase phala prApti sAkSAt saMbaddha ho, kintu kavi kabhI-kabhI camatkAra lAne ke lie kisI phala kI prApti ke lie usake virodhI prayatna kA varNana karatA hai / ( 3 ) yaha varNana zliSTa bhI ho sakatA hai, azliSTa bhI / ileSa para Azrita vicitra alaMkAra meM vizeSa camatkAra pAyA jAtA hai, jaise 'malinayituM khalavadanaMH' ityAdi padya meM / ( 33 ) vyAghAta prathama vyAghAta : ( 1 ) prathama vyAghAta meM do virodhI sAdhanoM kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai / ( 2 ) isameM yA to kisI kArya ko karane ke lie eka sAdhana kAma meM lAyA jAtA hai, para vaha usase sarvathA viruddha kArya ko kara prathama kArya ko vyAhata kara detA hai, yA eka vastu se sarvathA viruddha kArya ko anya vastu karatI hai| (3) inameM yA to ye do padArtha paraspara eka dUsare ke upamAnopameya ho sakate haiM yA pratidvandvI / dvitIya vyAghAta : ( 1 ) dvitIya vyAghAta meM koI vyakti kisI kArya ko karane ke lie kisI prakAra kI kriyA ko DhUMDha nikAlatA hai / ( 2 ) para anya vyakti usI kriyA ko ukta kArya kA virodhI siddha kara detA hai| ( 34 ) adhika - alpa adhika : ( 1 ) isameM kavi sadA do padArthoM kA varNana karatA hai, jisameM eka Azrita hotA hai, anya Azraya | ( 2 ) kavi yA to Azrita ( Adheya ) kI adhikatA kA varNana karatA hai, yA Azraya ( AdhAra ) kI / 3) kavi kA dhyeya isa varNana ke dvArA prakRta kI mahattA botita karanA hai / ( 4 ) prAyaH prakRta Azrita hotA hai, kintu kabhI-kabhI vaha Azraya bhI ho sakatA hai / (5) eka kI adhikatA ke varNana se anya padArtha ke Adhikya kI bhI vyaMjanA karAnA kavi kA lakSya hai|

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[8 ] (6) yaha Adhikya varNana yathArtha na hokara kavi prauDhoktinibaddha hotA hai| bharUpa :-isake lie de0 bhUmikA pR0 28 29 / (35) anyonya (1) anyonya meM bhI sadA do padArthoM kA varNana pAyA jAtA hai| (2) ye do padArtha eka dUsare ke upaskAraka hote hai| (3) isameM prathama padArtha dvitIya kA upakAraka hotA hai, dvitIya prathama kaa| (4) anyonya meM donoM padArtha prakRta hote haiN| (5) anyomya kA prayoga ekavAkyagata bhI ho sakatA hai, dvivAkyagata bhii| (6) anyonya meM jisa guNa yA kriyA rUpa upakAra kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha donoM padArthoM kA utkarSAdhAyaka ho| (36) kAraNamAlA (1) yaha zRGkhalAmUlaka alaMkAra hai, jisameM pUrva-pUrva yA to uttarottara kA kAraNa hotA hai yA kArtha / (2) yaha zRkhalA jitanI lambI hogI utanI hI camatkArAvaha hogii| (3) camatkAra ko banAye rakhane ke lie kavi ko pUrva pUrva zabdoM ke uttarottara prayoga meM paryAyavAcI zabda kA prayoga na kara usI zabda kA prayoga karanA cAhie, sAtha hI sabhI choTe vAkyoM kI vyAkaraNika saMghaTanA eka sI honI cAhie jaise 'jitendriyatvaM vinayasya kAraNaM guNaprakarSoM vinayAdavApyate' meM dUsare vAkya kI saMghaTanA yadi 'vinayaH guNaprakarSasya kAraNa hotI to vizeSa camatkAra hotaa| (37) ekAvalI ekAvalI:(1) yaha zRGkhalAmUlaka alaMkAra hai / isameM vizeSaNoM kI zRGgalA pAI jAtI hai| (2) pUrva-pUrva pada yA to uttarottara pada ke vizeSaNa hoM yA vizeSya hoN| (3) ekAvalI ke do prakAra hote haiM pUrva-pUrva pada ke vizeSaNavizeSyamAva kI sthApanA yA apohana / isI ko dIkSita ne grahagarIti tathA muktarIti kahA hai| (4) vizeSaNoM kA lakSya vizeSya kI utkRSTatA batAnA ho| (5) isa alaMkAra kA vAstavika camatkAra zRGkhalA meM hI hotA hai| ekAvalI, kAraNamAlA, mAlAdIpaka :-ye tInoM zRMkhalAmUlaka alaMkAra haiN| tInoM meM pUrva pUrva pada kA uttarottara pada se saMbaMdha sthApita kiyA jAtA hai, kintu bheda yaha hai ki ekAvalI meM yaha saMbandha vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva kA hotA hai, kAraNamAlA meM kAryakAraNabhAva kA, to mAlAdIpaka meM pUrva-pUrva padArtha uttarottara padArtha ke dharma kA vidhAna karatA hai| sAtha hI ekAvalI tathA kAraNamAlA kA vAstavika camatkAra kevala zRMkhalA kA hotA hai, jaba ki mAlAdIpaka meM yaha bhI camatkAra pAyA jAtA hai ki yahA~ 'dharma kA eka bAra prayoga hotA hai|' yahI kAraNa hai ki dIkSita ne yahA~ ekAvalI tathA dIpaka kA yoga mAnA hai|

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[ ] (38) sAra (1) yaha bhI zRMkhalAmUlaka alaMkAra hai| (2) isameM aise aneka padArthoM kA varNana hotA hai, jo krama se eka dUsare se utkRSTa hote haiN| isa prakAra isameM utkRSTatA kA Aroha pAyA jAtA hai| (3) yaha Aroha yA to tattat padArthoM ke kisI dharma kA hotA hai yA svayaM padArthoM kA hii| (4) sAra na kevala utkRSTa vastuoM kA hI hotA hai, vaha apakRSTatAviSayaka bhI ho sakatA hai| inheM hI dIkSita ne kramazaH ilAdhyaguNotkarSasAra tathA azlAghyaguNotkarSasAra kahA hai| (39) paryAya prathama paryAya: (2) kavi eka hI padArtha kA aneka sthAnoM para kramazaH varNana karatA hai| (2) yaha varNana svayaM camatkArika ho / (3) yaha krama mAroharUpa yA avaroharUpa kaisA bhI ho sakatA hai| (4) paryAya tabhI hogA jaba ukta vastu apane prathama Azraya ko sarvathA chor3akara dUsare para sthita ho, yadi vaha eka kAla meM aneka jagaha hogI to paryAya na hogaa| dvitIya paryAyaH(1) jahA~ eka hI AdhAra para aneka AdheyoM kA varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ dvitIya paryAya hotA hai| (2) ye aneka Adheya paryAya se (kramazaH) AdhAra para raheM, eka sAtha nhiiN| (3) paryAya tabhI hogA jaba varNana meM camatkAra ho, 'purA yatra ghaTastatra adhunA paTa: meM paryAya alaMkAra nahIM hai| (40) parivRtti (1) parivRtti meM do padArtha ke bhinna bhinna dharmoM kA paraspara AdAna-pradAna varNita kiyA jAtA hai| (2) yaha AdAna-pradAna kevala kavikalpita hotA hai, vAstavika nhiiN| (3) yaha AdAna-pradAna kaI taraha kA hotA hai : (ka) samAna sat vastuoM kA paraspara AdAnapradAna / (kha) samAna asat vastuoM kA paraspara AdAnapradAna / (ga) nyUna vastu kA adhika vastu ke sAtha AdAnapradAna / (gha) adhika vastu kA nyUna vastu ke sAtha AdAnapradAna / (4) ima bhedoM meM prathama do bheda samaparivRtti hai, dvitIya do bheda viSamaparivRtti / alaMkAra ___ kA vizeSa camatkAra viSamaparivRtti meM pAyA jAtA hai| (41) parisaMkhyA (1) isameM kavi eka padArtha kA nirAkaraNa kara anya padArtha kA varNana karatA hai| (2) alaMkAra kA vAstavika camatkAra usa nirAkaraNa yA niSedha meM hai|

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[] ( 3 ) yaha ukti yA to kisI prazna ke uttara meM ( praznapUrvikA ) ho sakatI hai, yA zuddha / ( 4 ) nirAkaraNIya padArtha kA yA to kavi spaSTataH varNana kara niSedha karatA hai yA usakI kevala vyaMjanA bhara karatA hai| isI AdhAra para zAbdI tathA ArthI parisaMkhyA ye do bheda hote haiM / inameM ArthI parisaMkhyA meM vizeSa camatkAra hotA hai / ( 5 ) parisaMkhyA rilaSTa tathA azliSTa donoM taraha kI hotI hai, kintu zleSa para Azrita adhika camatkArI hotI hai / (42) samuccaya - samAdhi samuccaya : ( 1 ) isameM eka sAtha aneka guNoM yA kriyAoM yA guNakriyAoM kA varNana hotA hai / ( 2 ) inameM paraspara kAryakAraNabhAva ho bhI sakatA hai, nahIM bhI / ( 3 ) samuccaya kA eka bheda vaha bhI hai, jahA~ aneka kAraNa 'khalekapotikAnyAya' se kisI kArya kI siddhi karate haiM / isa samuccaya ko 'tatkara' bhI kahA jAtA hai / samAdhi : ( 1 ) isameM kavi kisI kArya ke kiye jAne kA varNana karatA hai / (2) yaha kisI sAkSAt kAraNa se hone jA rahA hai / ( 3 ) isI bIca koI anya kAraNa 'kAkatAlIyanyAya' se akasmAt upasthita hokara usa kArya ko sukara banA detA hai / ( 4 ) isa prakAra samAdhi meM sadA do kAraNa hote haiM - eka pahale se hI vidyamAna hotA hai, eka Agantuka | ( 5 ) isa alaMkAra kA vAstavika camatkAra isa aMza meM hai ki akasmAt upasthita anya kAraNa kI sahAyatA se vaha kArya sukara ho jAtA hai / (43) pratyanIka ( 1 ) isameM kavi aise do padArthoM kA varNana karatA hai jo paraspara virodhI hote haiM / ( 2 ) aisA bhI ho sakatA hai ki ye virodhI padArtha paraspara upamAnopameya ho / ( 3 ) inameM eka padArtha balavattara hone ke kAraNa dUsare padArtha ko parAjita kara detA hai / ( 4 ) parAjita hone vAlA padArtha kisI taraha apanA badalA cukAnA cAhatA hai para vaha balavattara padArtha kA kucha nahIM bigAr3a sakane ke kAraNa usase sambaddha kisI anya padArtha ko parezAna karatA hai / ( 5 ) yadi uparyukta donoM padArthoM meM paraspara upamAnopameyatva hotA hai to pratyanIka sAdRzyamUlaka hotA hai, anyathA yaha sAdRzyamUlaka nahIM hotA / 6 ) pratyanIka zliSTa tathA azliSTa donoM taraha kA ho sakatA hai / ileSa para Azrita pratyanIka 4 meM vizeSa camatkAra hotA hai / (44) arthApatti 1 ) arthApatti meM kavi eka aise tathya kA varNana karatA hai, jisase anya tathya kA AkSepa ho jAtA hai| yaha AkSepa 'daNDApUpikAnyAya' se hotA hai / +

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[ 20 ] ( 2 ) isake lie kavi sadA 'kiM' 'kA' 'kaH' ityAdi prazna vAcaka sarvanAma ke dvArA 'kaimutyanyAya' se ukta anya tathya kA pratIti karatA hai / ( 3 ) arthApatti tabhI ho sakegI jaba ukti meM koI camatkAra ho, 'pIno devadatto divA na bhuGkte' meM arthApatti alaMkAra nahIM hai / (45) anumAna ( 1 ) isame anumAna pramANa kI hI bhA~ti kavi kisI sAdhana ke dvArA sAdhya kI anumiti karAtA hai| ( 2 ) ye donoM sAdhya-sAdhana cakatkArika hoM, 'parvato'yaM bahnimAn dhUmAt' meM anumAna alaGkAra nahIM hai / ( 3 ) sAdhana kA prayoga kavi sadA tRtIyA yA paMcamI vibhakti meM, yA yataH yasmAt Adi pardoM ke dvArA karatA hai / ( 4 ) nyAya ke anumAna kI vyAptipraNAlI kI taraha yahA~ bhI vyApti tathA liMgaparAmarza hotA hai, para vaha tArkikoM ke mata se sarvathA zuddha hI ho aisA nahIM hotA, kyoMki yaha to kavi-kalpita hotA hai / (5) anumAna meM sAdhana sadA jJApaka hetu hotA hai, jaba ki kAvyaliMga tathA arthAntaranyAsa meM yaha samarthaka hetu hotA hai / (46) tadguNa - atadguNa (1) tadguNa meM aise do padArthoM kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai, jo eka dUsare ko prabhAvita karate haiM / ( 2 ) unake guNa bhinna-bhinna hote haiN| guNa raMga yA anya prakAra ke ho sakate haiM / (3) inameM eka padArtha kA guNa anya vastu ke guNa se balavattara hotA hai / ( 4 ) balavattara guNa vAlA padArtha prakRta yA aprakRta koI bhI ho sakatA hai / prakRta hone para kavi kA lakSya usakI utkRSTatA batAnA hai / aprakRta hone para kavi kA lakSya anya vastu ke guNa ke Aropa se janita camatkArakArI sthiti kA citraNa karanA hotA hai / (5) jo guNa dUsarI vastu ke guNa ko tirohita kara detA hai vaha balavattara guNa hai / ( 6 ) balavattara guNa vAlA padArtha apara padArtha ke guNa ko jaba taka vaha usake saMsarga meM rahatA hai| taba taka tirohita rakhatA hai, atadguNa : yaha tadguNa kA virodhI alaMkAra hai / isameM nyUna guNa vAlI vastu utkRSTa guNa vAlI vastu ke saMsarga meM rahate hue bhI apane guNa ko chor3akara usakA grahaNa nahIM karatI / sadguNa-mIlita :- ina donoM meM do padArthoM kA varNana hotA hai tathA eka padArtha anya ko prabhAvita hotA hai, sAtha hI donoM meM balavattara padArtha nirbala para hAvI ho jAtA hai, kintu ( 1 ) tadguNa meM eka vastu kA guNa ( dharma ) apara vastu ke guNa ko tirohita karatA hai, mIlita meM vastu svayaM ( dharmI hI ) apara vastu ( dharmoM) ko tirohita karatI hai, (2) tadguNa meM kisI vastu guNa ko tirohita karane vAlA apara vastu kA guNa sadA visadRza ( bhinna ) hotA hai, mIti meM donoM dharmI ( padArtha ) samAna guNa hote haiM /

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[11] (47) mIlita tathA unmIlita (1) mIlita meM do padArthoM kA varNana pAyA jAtA hai, inameM eka pradhAna hotA hai, eka gauNa / (2) ina donoM padArthoM meM samAna guNa (dharma) pAye jAte haiN| (3) tulya dharma ke kAraNa gauNa padArtha kA pradhAna padArtha ke dvArA vigUhana kara diyA jAtA hai| (4) yaha tulya dharma yA to svAbhAvika hotA hai yA Agantuka / unmIlita :-unmIlita mIlita kA virodhI alaMkAra hai, jahA~ eka ( balavattara ) padArtha ke dvArA gauNa padArtha kA nigUhana kara lene para bhI anubhavitA ko kisI vizeSa kAraNa se donoM padArthoM kA pArthakya pratIta ho jAtA hai| mIlita tathA sAmAnya:-donoM meM yaha samAnatA hai ki donoM meM hI aise do padArthoM kA. varNana hotA hai, jinake tulya dharma ke kAraNa unakA pArthakya zAta nahIM ho pAtA, kintu (1) mIlita meM balavAn padArtha nirbala padArtha kA nigRhana karatA hai, sAmAnya meM donoM samAna dharma ke kAraNa hI eka dUsare meM ghulamila jAte haiM (2) mIlita meM eka vastu anya kA nigUhana kara letI hai ataH donoM kA pratyakSa jJAna nahIM hotA; sAmAnya meM donoM vastue~ pratyakSa viSaya to hotI haiM, kintu unake bheda kA-vaiziSTaya kA-patA nahIM cala paataa| mammaTa tathA dIkSita kI mIlita tathA sAmAnya vAlI dhAraNAoM meM bheda hai / ukta vivaraNa mammaTa ke anusAra hai| donoM ke bheda ke lie de0-hiMdI kuvalayAnanda pR0 242 / (48) sAmAnya-vizeSaka sAmAnya: (1) isameM do samAnaguNa padArthoM kA varNana hotA hai| (2) samAnaguNa ke kAraNa eka padArtha dUsare meM ghulamila jAtA hai| (3) ina donoM padArthoM meM eka padArtha ke cihoM kA spaSTa patA calatA hai, ataH usa padArtha kI spaSTa pratIti hotI hai, dUsare padArtha ke viziSTa ciha pratIta na hone ke kAraNa usakA bheda nahIM pratIta hotaa| (4) anubhavitA ko donoM padArtha dikhAI to dete haiM, para unakA bheda nahIM pratIta hotaa| (5) sAmAnya meM donoM padArtha samAnazaktika hote haiM, ataH ve paraspara ghulamila jAte haiM, jaba ki mIlita meM eka padArtha balavattara hone ke kAraNa dUsare padArtha ko AtmasAt kara letA hai| (6) sAmAnya alaMkAra meM kavi kA lakSya donoM padArthoM kI guNasAmyavivakSA hotI hai| (7) ye donoM padArtha guNa kI dRSTi se eka dUsare se abhinna nahIM hote kiMtu kavi atizayokti __ ke dvArA unheM abhinna vargita karatA hai| vizeSaka :-vizeSaka sAmAnya kA ulaTA alaMkAra hai| isameM kisI vizeSa kAraNa se do padArthoM ke ghulemile hone para bhI unakA vyaktimAna ho jAtA hai / (vizeSaka ke lie de0 bhUmikA pR0 33)

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[ 2 ] (49) uttara prathama uttara : (1) prathama uttara meM kevala uttaramaya vAkya kA prayoga hotA hai / (2) sahRdaya svayaM prazna kA anumAna lagA letA hai / ( 3 ) prAyaH yaha alaMkAra zRGgArI bhAvanA se saMzliSTa hotA hai / ( 4 ) yaha uttara kabhI-kabhI sAkUta yA sAbhiprAya bhI ho sakatA hai, jaise pathika ke yaha pUchane para ki nadI ko kahA~ se pAra kare, svayaM dUtI yaha uttara detI hai - 'yatrAsau vetasI pAMtha tatreyaM sutarA sarita' / yahA~ vaktrI svayaM dUtI kA yaha uttara 'sAkUta' hai, vaha vetasIkuJja meM svacchandatA sekeli kI jA sakatI hai; isakA saMketa karatI hai / dvitIya uttara : ( 1 ) isa uttarabheda meM eka hI kAvyavAkya meM eka sAtha praznottara zRGgalA pAI jAtI hai / ( 2 ) isameM kabhI-kabhI antarlApikA yA bahirlApikA nAmaka prahelikAbheda kA bhI prayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai / (50) sUkSma - pihita ( 1 ) isameM koI vyakti kisI ke AkArAdi ko dekhakara kisI ( 2 ) use jAna kara vaha kisI saMketa ke dvArA ukta vyakti ko vaha ukta rahasya ko samajha gayA hai / gupta bAta ko jAna letA hai / isa bAta ko jatalAtA hai ki ( 3 ) isa saMketa ke dvArA yA to vaha use raisya jAnane kI sUcanA detA hai yA kabhI-kabhI ukta vyakti ke saMketamaya prazna kA saMketamaya uttara detA hai / mammaTa ne ina donoM bhedoM meM 'sUkSma' alaMkAra hI mAnA hai, dIkSita ne 'parAzaya' ko jAnakara saMketamaya uttara dene meM to 'sUkSma' alaMkAra mAnA hai, kiMtu kisI vyakti ke rahasya ko jAna kara use jAna lene bhara kI sUcanA dene ke saMketa meM 'sUkSma' kA apara bheda na mAnakara 'pihita' alaMkAra mAnA hai / (4) sUkSma tathA pihita donoM alaMkAroM meM mUlataH zRGgArI bhAvanA pAI jAtI hai / (51) vyAjokti ( 1 ) vyAjokti meM sadA kavi se bhinna kisI pAtra kI ukti pAI jAtI hai / ( 2 ) yaha ukti kisI aisI vastu se saMbaddha hotI hai, jise vaktA chipAnA cAhatA hai, kintu kisI taraha vaha pragaTa ho jAtI hai| I ( 3 ) usa udbhinna vastu kA gopana karane ke lie vaktA kisI aise ( jhUThe ) kAraNa ko sAmane rakhatA hai, jo udbhinna vastu kA vAstavika kAraNa nahIM hotA / ( 4 ) vAstavika kAraNa kA gopana isalie kiyA jAtA hai ki vaktA usake udbheda se apane aniSTha kI AzaMkA karatA hai / vyAjokti tathA apahnuti :- apati sAdharmyamUlaka alaMkAra hai, vyAjokti nhiiN| donoM meM vAstavikatA ko chipA kara avAstavikatA pragaTa kI jAtI hai, yaha samAnatA hai kiMtu bheda yaha hai ki apati meM vaktA vAstavikatA ( mukhatvAdi) kA spaSTataH niSedha karatA hai, jaba ki vyAjokti meM

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baktA vAstavikatA kA saMketa taka nahIM denA cAhatA; sAtha hI apaDuti meM vaktA kA lakSya prakRta (mukhAdi ) kI utkRSTatA ghotita karanA hai, jaba ki vyAjokti meM vaktA kA lakSya zrotA ko vAstavikatA se dUra ajJAna meM rakhanA hai| gyAjokti tathA yukti:-(de0 bhUmikA pR0 34-35 ) / (52) svabhAvokti (1) kisI padArtha-bAlaka, pazu Adi kI ceSTA yA prakRAte kI ramaNIyatA kA yathArtha varNana ho| (2) isa varNana meM usake vividha aMgoM kA sUkSma citraNa ho / (3) yaha varNana camatkArayukta ho| (4) kavi ne isa varNana meM apanI pratibhA kA samucita pradarzana kiyA ho tathA vaha korA vaijJAnika vivaraNa na ho| svabhAvokti tathA vakrokti yA atizayokti:-daNDI ne samasta vAGamaya ko do vargoM meM bA~TA hai, eka svabhAvokti dUsarA vakrokti ( yA atizayokti), svabhAvokti yathArtha para Adhata hone ke kAraNa tathya ke nikaTa hotI hai, jaba ki vakrokti meM kavi kalpanA yA prauDhokti kA vizeSa prayoga karatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki kucha AlaMkArikoM ne svabhAvokti ko alaMkAra mAnane kA khaMDana kiyA hai| (53) bhAvika (1) bhAvika meM apratyakSa padArthoM kA pratyakSavat varNana kiyA jAtA hai| (2) ye apratyakSa padArtha yA to bhUtakAla se saMbaddha ho sakate haiM yA bhaviSyatkAla se / (3.) alaMkAraratnAkarakAra zobhAkara tathA vimarzinIkAra jayaratha ne ukta do kAlaviprakRSTa bhedoM ke alAvA bhAvika ke do bheda aura mAne haiM :-dezaviprakRSTa vastuoM kA pratyakSavat varNana svabhAvaviprakRSTa vastuoM kA pratyakSavat vrnnn| bhAvika-svabhAvokti:-donoM meM yathArtha varNana hotA hai, kiMtu meda yaha hai ki svabhAvokti meM laukika vastu ke sUkSma dharma kA yathArtha varNana hotA hai, jaba ki bhAvika meM apratyakSa vastu kA pratyakSavat varNana hotA hai tathA yahA~ svabhAvokti kI apekSA viziSTa camatkAra pAyA jAtA hai| bhAvika-zrotimAn :-ina donoM alaMkAroM meM apratyakSa vastu kA jJAna hotA hai| kiMtu bhrAMtimAna meM jJAna mithyA hotA hai, jaise zukti meM rajata zAna, jaba ki bhAvika meM kavi kA pratyakSa zAna ThIka vaisA hI hotA hai, jaisA bhUtakAla meM thA yA bhAvI kAla meM hogaa| sAtha hI bhrAMtimAna sAdRzya para Azrita hotA hai, bhAvika nahIM, bhAvika meM to kevala kavi kI bhAvanA kA atireka pAyA jAtA hai| (54) udAtta prathama udAtta:(1) isameM kavi kisI vastu ke utkarSa ( samRddhathAdi ke utkarSa ) kA varNana karatA hai| (2) yaha utkarSavarNana sadA atizayoktimUlaka hotA hai| (3) jina vastuoM ke utkarSa kA varNana kiyA jAya, ve sat padArtha hoM, kutsitapadArtha na hoN|

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[ 14 / (4) udAtta kA viSaya sampatti, vibhUti, vana, upavana, nagara, rAjaprAsAdAdi kI __ samRddhi hotI haiN| dvitIya udAtta:(1) dvitIya udAtta meM kisI vizeSa vastu kA varNana karate samaya kavi usase saMbaddha mahApuruSa ke carita kA varNana karatA hai| ( 2 ) isa bheda meM atizayokti kA honA anivArya nahIM, atizayokti mUlarUpa meM ho bhI sakatI hai, nahIM bhii| (3) udAtta ke isa bheda meM jaba aitihAsika yA paurANika tathya kA varNana hogA to atizayokti mUla rUpa meM nahIM rahegI, kiMtu jaba yaha aitihAsika tathyoM ke AdhAra para nahIM hogA to mUla meM atizayokti avazya rhegii| (4) isa varNana meM mahApuruSoM kA carita sadA aMga rUpa meM varNita hotA hai, vaha pradhAna (aMgI) nahIM hotaa| udAtta tathA atizayoki:-udAtta meM vaise to atizayokti sadA bIja rUpa meM rahatI haiM, kintu udAtta vahIM hogA jahA~ samRddhi kA atizayoktimaya varNana ho, ataH isakA kSetra atizayokti se saMkucita hai| vaise yaha atizayokti kA hI eka praroha hai| udAtta, bhAvika tathA svabhAvoki:-bhAvika tathA svabhAvokti meM yathArtha kA varNana hotA hai| bhAvika meM bhUtakAla athavA bhaviSyatkAla kI ghaTanA kA isa taraha kA yathArtha varNana hotA hai ki vaha vartamAnakAlika jAna par3atI hai| svabhAvokti meM bAlaka, pazu Adi kI vartamAna ceSTA kA yathArtha varNana hotA hai| udAtta yathArtha para Azrita na hokara, prauDhokti yA atizayokti para Azrita rahatA hai| (55) saMsRSTi tathA saMkara (1) saMsRSTi tathA saMkara donoM mizrAlaMkAra hai| inameM paraspara yaha bheda hai ki saMsRSTi meM aneka alaMkAroM kA mizraNa tilataNDulanyAya ke AdhAra para hotA hai, jaba ki saMkara meM yaha mizraNa nIrakSIranyAya ke AdhAra para hotA hai| (2) saMsRSTi meM eka paba yA eka kAvyavAkya (kamI-kabhI eka kAvyavAkya aneka padhoM meM bhI ho sakatA hai, jaise yugmaka, vizeSaka, kulaka meM ) meM aneka ( do yA adhika ) alaMkAroM kA honA Avazyaka hai| (3 ) ye alaMkAra yA to (a) sabhI zabdAlaMkAra hoM, (A) yA sabhI arthAlaMkAra hoM, (1) yA zabdAlaMkAra tathA arthAlaMkAra donoM taraha ke hoN| isa taraha saMsRSTi ke tIna bheda hote haiN| (4) saMsRSTi ke ye alaMkAra paraspara nirapekSa yA svatantra hote haiM tathA inameM se kisI bhI eka ko dUsare kI zomAhAni kiye binA haTAyA jA sakatA hai| - saMkara: (1 ) saMkara alaMkAra meM prayukta aneka alaMkAra paraspara sApekSa hote haiM, saMsRSTi kI bhA~ti nirapekSa nahIM, ve dUdha aura pAnI kI taraha eka dUsare se ghule-mile hote haiN|

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[15] (2) saMkara ke tIna bheda hote hai :-( a ) aMgAMgibhAva saMkara, (A) saMdeha saMkara, (i) ekavAcakAnupraveza sNkr|| (3) aMgAMgibhAva saMkara meM eka yA adhika alaMkAra anya kisI aMgI alaMkAra ke aMga hote haiM / isa taraha inameM paraspara upakAryopakArakabhAva yA aMgAMgibhAva ThIka vaise hI hotA hai, jaise tantu paTa ke aGga hote haiN| yaha aGgAMgimAva do yA adhika arthAlaMkAroM kA hotA hai| ( aneka zabdAlaMkAroM meM yA:"zabdAlaMkAra tathA arthAlaMkAra meM paraspara kabhI aMgAMgimAva nahIM hogaa|) (4) saMdeha saMkara meM aneka arthAlaMkAra eka kAvyavAkya meM isa taraha prayukta hote hai ki zrotA ko yaha sandeha banA rahatA hai ki yahA~ amuka alaMkAra hai yA amuka / sahRdaya zrotA ke pAsa kis| eka alaMkAra ko mAnane yA na mAnane kA koI sAdhaka bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hotA / ( sandeha -saMkara kabhI bhI do zabdAlaMkAroM kA nahIM hotaa|) (5) ekavAcakAnupraveza saMkara meM do yA adhika alaGkAra eka hI pada ( vAcaka ) ko adhAra banA kara sthita hote haiN| mammaTa ne yaha zabdAlaMkAra tathA arthAlaGkAra kA mizraNa mAnA hai / ruyyaka tathA dIkSita aneka arthAlaGkAroM kA bhI eka vAcakAnupraveza saMkara mAnate haiN|

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// zrIH // kuvalayAnandaH -- // zrIgaNezAya namaH // amarIkabarIbhArabhramarImukharIkRtam / dUrIkarotu duritaM gaurIcaraNapaGkajam // 1 // parasparatapaHsampatphalAyitaparasparau / prapaJcamAtApitarau prAcau jAyApatI stumaH // 2 // prApti kArya kI nirvighna parisamApti ke liye kuvalayAnandakAra pahale iSTadevatA kA smaraNa karate haiM: -- 1 - caraNoM meM namaskAra karatI huI devatAoM kI ramaNiyoM ke kezapAza rUpI bhauriyoM ke dvArA guJjAyamAna, devI pArvatI ke caraNakamala pApa kA nivAraNa kareM / ( yahA~ 'caraNa- paMkaja' meM pariNAma alaMkAra hai, rUpaka nahIM, kyoMki kamala meM svayaM pApa kA nivAraNa karane kI kSamatA to hai nahIM, ataH use caraNa ke rUpa meM pariNata hokara hI pApa kA nivAraNa karanA hogA / yahA~ 'kamala ke samAna caraNa' (caraNaM paGkajamiva ) yaha upamA bhI nahIM mAnI jA sakatI, kyoMki deva ramaNiyoM ke kezapAza para bhramarI kA jo Aropa kiyA gayA hai, vaha kamala kI sugandha se hI sambandha rakhatA hai, kevala caraNoM se nahIM / sugandha se lubdha bhramarI ke dvArA guJjita honA, yaha vizeSaNa kevala 'kamala' meM hI ghaTita ho sakatA hai, caraNa meM nahIM / yahA~ deva- ramaNiyoM tathA kavi kI pArvatI viSayaka rati puSTa ho rahI hai, ataH preyas nAmaka alaGkAra bhI hai / ) TippaNI- zuddha dhvanivAdI ke mata se yahA~ preya alaGkAra na hokara 'rati' nAmaka bhAvadhvani vyaJjita ho rahI hai, yaha dhyAna dene yogya hai / 2- hama una purAtana dampatI ziva-pArvatI kI stuti karate haiM, jo isa samasta sAMsArika prapaJca ke mAtA-pitA haiM aura jinhoMne apanI tapasyA ke phala ke samAna eka dUsare ko prApta kiyA hai| mAtA-pitA mAnane meM ( yahAM 'phalAyita' pada ke dvArA ziva tathA pArvatI ko paraspara eka dUsare kI tapaHsamRddhi ke phala se upamA dI gaI hai| isI taraha unheM saMsAra ke TIkAkAra vaidyanAtha ne rUpaka alaGkAra mAnA hai / isa prakAra isa padya saMsRSTi hai| isake sAtha hI 'phalAyita' isa eka hI pada ke dvArA do haiM, eka ora ziva pArvatI kI tapasyA ke phala ke samAna haiM, ziva kI tapasyA ke phala ke samAna haiN| eka hI pada ke meM upamA tathA rUpaka kI upamAe~ prakaTa ho rahI dUsarI ora pArvatI dvArA ina do upamAoM

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kuvalayAnandaH udghATya yogakalayA hRdayAbjakozaM dhanyaizcirAdapi yathAruci gRhyamANaH / yaH prasphuratyavirataM paripUrNarUpaH zreyaH sa me dizatu zAzvatikaM mukundaH / / 3 / / alaGkAreSu bAlAnAmavagAhanasiddhaye / lalitaH kriyate teSAM lakSyalakSaNasaMgrahaH // 4 // yeSAM candrAloke dRzyante lakSyalakSaNazlokAH / prAyasta eva teSAmitareSAM tvabhinavA viracyante / / 5 / / 1 upamAlaGkAraH upamA yatra sAdRzyalakSmIrullasati dvayoH / haMsIva kRSNa ! te kIrtiH svargaGgAmavagAhate // 6 // yatropamAnopameyayoH sahRdayahRdayAhnAdakatvena cArusAdRzyamudbhUtatayollasati vyaGgathamaryAdAM vinA spaSTaM prakAzate tatropamAlaGkAraH / haMsIvetyudAharaNam / iyaM kA kathana ekavAcakAnupravezarUpa sakkara ko janma detA hai| isa prakAra isa padya meM saGkara aura saMsRSTi donoM alaGkAra haiN|) - 3-atyadhika dhanya yogiyoM ke dvArA yogazakti se hRdaya-kamala ko udghATita kara jina parabrahmarUpa mukunda kA yatheccha anuzIlana kiyA jAtA hai, ve paripUrNarUpa mukunda jo nirantara prakAzita rahate haiM, mujhe zAzvata zreya pradAna kreN| __ (TIkAkAra ne yahAM paripUrNarUpa brahma ke 'prasphuraNa' meM virodha mAnA hai, aura usakA parihAra isa taraha kiyA hai ki yahAM brahma ke upAsanAtmaka rUpa kI kalpanA hai| athavA yogiyoM ke dvArA bhI brahma acintya hai, isa mAhAtmya kA varNana karanA abhISTa hai| yahAM yogiyoM kI bhagavadviSayaka rati kavigata rati kA aGga hai, ataH preyas alaGkAra hai|) 4-alaGkAra zAstra meM avyutpanna (bAlAnAM) vyaktiyoM ko alaGkArajJAna ho jAya, isa phala kI siddhi ke lie, hama isa grantha meM alaGkAra ke lakSaNa aura udAharaNa kA sundara saMgraha kara rahe haiN| 5-pIyUSavarSa jayadeva ke 'candrAloka' meM jina alaGkAroM ke lakSya-lakSaNa zloka haiM, hamane kuvalayAnanda meM unhIM padhoM ko rakkhA hai, anya alaGkAroM ke lakSaNa aura udAharaNoM ko hamane nayA saMniviSTa kiyA hai| 1. upamAlaGkAra 6-jahA~ do vastuoM (dvayoH)-upamAna aura upameya-kI samAnatA se viziSTa zobhA arthAt do vastuoM ke sAdRzya para Adhuta camatkAra pAyA jAya, vahA~ upamA alaGkAra hotA hai / jaise; he kRSNa, terI kIrti haMsinI kI taraha AkAzagaGgA meM avagAhana kara rahI hai| jisa kAvya meM upameya (varNyaviSaya, kAminImukhAdi) tathA upamAna (candrAdi) ko sundaratA kI samAnatA, sahRdayabhAvukoM kehRdaya ko AhlAdita karatI hai aura vaha cArusAdRzya ( donoM kI vaha camatkArAdhAyaka samAnatA) ullasita hotA hai, arthAt vyaJjanA. zakti (vyaMgyamaryAdA) ke binA hI spaSTa prakAzita hotA hai, vahA~ upamA alaGkAra hotA hai| bhAva yaha hai, upamA alavAra vahA~ hogA, jahA~ donoM viSayoM meM koI aisI samAnatA batAI jAya, jo camatkRtijanaka ho aura sahRdaya ko AhlAdita kara sake, sAtha hI yaha

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upamAlaGkAraH ca pUrNopametyucyate / haMsI kIrtiH svargaGgAvagAhanamivazabdazcetyeteSAmupamAnopameyasAdhAraNadharmopamAvAcakAnAM caturNAmapyupAdAnAt / yathA vA 'guNadoSau budho gRhNannindukSveDAvivezvaraH / zirasA zlAghate pUrva paraM kaNThe niyacchati / / ' atra ydypyupmaanopmeyyonekH sAdhAraNo dhrmH| upamAne Izvare candragaralayorgrahaNamupAdAnaM tayormadhye pUrvasya candrasya zirasA zlAghanaM vahanamuttarasya gara. lasya kaNThe niyamanaM saMsthApanam, upameye budhe guNadoSayograhaNaM jJAnaM tayormadhye pUrvasya guNasya zirasA zlAghanaM ziraHkampenAbhinandanamuttarasya doSasya kaNThe niyamanaM kaNThAdupari vAcAnuddhATanamiti bhedAt / tathApi candragaralayorguNadoSayozca bimbapratibimbabhAvenAbhedAdupAdAnajJAnAdInAM gRhNannityekazabdopAdAnenAsAdRzya spaSTa vAcyarUpa meM prakaTa ho, vyaMgyarUpa meM pratIyamAna nhiiN| sAdRzya ke vyaMgyarUpa meM pratIyamAna hone para upamA alaGkAra nahIM hogA, vahA~ yA to alaGkArAntara kI prApti hogI yA phira vanikAvya hogaa| upamA kA udAharaNa Upara kI kArikA meM 'haMsIva..." Adi uttarArdha meM upanyasta kiyA gayA hai| uparyukta udAharaNa meM pUrNopamA hai| pUrNopamA meM upamA ke cAroM tatva, upamAna, upameya, sAdhAraNadharma tathA vAcaka zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| yahA~ bhI haMsI (upamAna), kIrti (upameya), svagaMgAvagAhana (sAdhAraNadharma) tathA iva zabda (vAcaka) ina cAroM kA hI upAdAna kiyA gayA hai| athavA yaha dUsarA udAharaNa lIjiye jisa prakAra mahAdeva candramA tathA viSa donoM kA grahaNa kara eka ko sira para dhAraNa karate haiM tathA anya ko kaNTha meM dhAraNa karate haiM, vaise hI vidvAn vyakti bhI guNa tathA doSa donoM kA grahaNa kara (dUsaroM ke) guNa kI sira hilAkara prazaMsA karatA hai aura (dUsaroMke) doSa ko chipAkara kaNTha meM dhAraNa kara letA hai| yahA~ uparyukta udAharaNa kI taraha upamAna tathA upameya kA sAdhAraNa dharma eka hI nahIM hai| vahA~ haMsI aura kIrti donoM meM 'svargagAvagAhanakSamatva' ghaTita hotA hai, para yahAM zaGkara ke sAtha 'candra-viSa-vahanakSamatva hai, to 'budha' ke sAtha 'guNadoSajJAnakSamatva' / isa prakAra upamAnarUpa Izvara meM candra tathA viSa kA grahaNa ghaTita hotA hai, ve candra zlAghana karate haiM arthAt use sira para dhAraNa karate haiM aura viSa ko kaNTha meM niyamita karate haiM arthAt use kaNTha meM sthApita karate haiM; jaba ki vidvAn yA jJAnI vyakti guNa-doSa kA grahaNa arthAt jJAna prApta karatA hai| vaha prathama vastu arthAt guNa kI sira se prazaMsAkaratA hai, sira hilAkara guNa kA abhinandana karatA hai, jaba ki dUsare padArtha-dUsaroM ke doSa kA kaNTha meM niyamana karatA hai, arthAt vANI se kisI ke doSa kA udghATana nahIM krtaa| isa sthala para yaha spaSTa hai ki upamAna kA sAdhAraNadharma tathA upameya kA sAdhAraNadharma eka na hokara bhinna-bhinna hai| isa bheda ke hote hue bhI kavi ne candra-viSa tathA guNa-doSa kA eka sAtha prayoga isalie kiyA hai ki unameM paraspara biMbapratibiMbabhAva vidyamAna hai aura biMbapratibiMbabhAva hone ke kAraNa unameM abheda sthApita ho jAtA hai / isake sAtha hI ziva ke dvArA candramA tathA viSa ke upAdAna tathA vidvAn ke dvArA guNa evaM doSa ke jJAna donoM ke lie kavi ne eka hI zabda 'gRhan' kA prayoga kara una bhinna padArthoM meM bhI abheda 71

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kuvalayAnandaH bhedAdhyavasAyAcca sAdhAraNadharmateti pUrvasmAdvizeSaH / vastuto bhinnayorapyupamAnopameyadharmayoH parasparasAdRzyAdabhinnayoH pRthagupAdAnaM bimbapratibimbabhAva ityA. lngkaariksmyH||6|| vopamAnadharmANAmupamAvAcakasya ca / ekadvivyanupAdAnaibhinnA luptopamASTadhA // 7 // sthApana (abhedAdhyavasAya) kara diyA hai| ataH unameM sAdhAraNadharmatva bana gayA hai| isa prakAra pahale udAharaNa meM eka hI sAdhAraNa dharma thA, yahA~ bhinna-bhinna sAdhAraNa dharma meM abheda sthApanA kara dI gaI hai, donoM sAdhAraNa dharmoM meM yaha antara hai| jahA~ upa. mAna tathA upameya ke una sAdhAraNa dharmoM ko,jo vastutaH eka dUsare se sarvathA bhinna haiM aura jinheM paraspara sAdRzya ke kAraNa abhinna mAna liyA jAtA hai, kAvya meM alaga-alaga prayukta kiyA jAtA hai, to vahAM biMbapratibiMbabhAva hotA hai, yaha AlaGkArikoM kI mAnyatA hai| TippaNI-sa sambandha meM kuvalayAnanda ke TIkAkAra gaGgAdhara vAjapeyI ne apanI rasikaraMjanI meM vizeSa vicAra kiyA hai| ve batAte haiM ki biMbapratibiMbabhAva vahIM hogA, jahA~ dharma kA pRthak pRthak upAdAna ho, arthAt dharmaluptA meM biMbapratibiMbabhAva nahIM mAnA jaaygaa| isIlie nimna 'malaya iva jagati pANDuH' Adi padya meM dharmalopa hone ke kAraNa candanadrumAdi tathA pANDavAdi meM vivapratibiMbabhAva nahIM hai, jaba ki 'pANDyoyamaMsArpita' ityAdi padya meM haricandanAdi tathA bAlAtapAdi meM aruNimAdi ke sAdRzya ke kAraNa bijapratibiMbabhAva ghaTita ho hI jAtA hai| bhUmikA meM hama batA cuke haiM ki isa mata ko paNDitarAja jagannAtha nahIM maante| ___ ata eva dharmaluptAyAmanugAmitAprayuktameva dharmasya sAdhAraNyaM na biMbapratibiMbabhAvakRtamapIti 'malaya iva jagati pANDaH valmIkasamo nRpo'mbikaatnyH| jambUnadIva kuntI gAndhArI sA halAhaleva srit||' ityAdau candanadrumANAM pANDavAnAM uragANAM dhArtarASTrANAM jAmbUnadagaralAdInAM ca na biMbapratibiMbabhAvena saadhaarnndhrmtaa| jagadAhAdadharmavattvasya (tadudvejakadha. vizvasya ca) malayapANDavAdyupamAnopameyAnugatasya dharmasyAnupAdAnAt dharmalopa iti nAtra biMbapratibiMbabhAvaH / na ca candanadrumapANDavAdInAM jagadAhlAdakatvAdikRtasAdRzyena abhedAdhyavasAyAt biMbapratibiMbabhAvena sAdhAraNyaM kiM na syAditi vAcyam / 'pANDyo'yamaMsArpita. lambahAraH kluptAMgarAgo haricandanena / AbhAti bAlAtaparaktasAnuH sanijharodgAra ivaadiraajH|' iti biMbapratibiMbabhAvakRtasAdhAraNadharmanirdezasthale zabdopAttAnAM haricandanabAlAtapAdInAmeva aruNimAdikRtasAdRzyamAdAya biMbapratibiMbabhAvena sAdhAraNadharmatvasambhavena, tamAdAya upamAnirvAhAt na anugAmidharmakalpanayA tanirvAhaklezaH samAzrayaNIya iti tatra biMbapratibiMbabhAvasaMbhave'pi atra candanadrumapANDavAdInAM na zabdena upAdAnamasti / yena biMbapratibiMbabhAvaprayojakasAdRzyagaveSaNayA sAdhAraNyamadhyavasIyeta / na ca mukhya sambhavati amukhyakalpanaM nyAyyamiti jagadAhAdakAridharmavatvasyAnugAmina eva dharmasyAnupAdAnamiti zabdopAdAnanibandhanabiMbapratibiMbabhAvAdedharmaluptAyAmasambhavAt na pUrNAyAmiva dharmaluptAyAM biMbapratibiMbabhAvAditi / anenaivAbhiprAyeNa luptAyAM tu naivaM bhedaaH|' rasikaraanITI kA pR0 14-15 ( kumbhakoNam se prakAzita ) ___ 7, 8, 9-upameya, upamAna, sAdhAraNadharma aura upamAvAcaka zabda ina cAra tatvoM meM se eka, do yA tIna tattvoM kA lopa hone se upamA kA pratyeka bheda dUsare se bhinna hotA hai| yaha luptopamA ATha taraha kI hotI hai| vAcakaluptA, dharmaluptA, dharmavAcakaluptA, vAcakopa

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upamAlaGkAraH taDidgaurIndutulyAsyA karpUrantI dRzormama / kAntyA smaravadhUyantI dRSTA tanvI raho mayA // 8 // yattayA melanaM tatra lAbho me yazca tdrteH| tadetatkAkatAlIyamavitarkitasaMbhavam // 9 // upameyAdInAM caturNA madhye ekasya dvayostrayANAM vA pratipAdakazabdAbhAvena luptopametyucyate / sA cASTadhA | yathA-vAcakaluptA 1, dharmaluptA 2, dharmavAcakaluprA 3, vAcakopameyalupA 4, upamAnalumA 5, vAcakopamAnaluptA 6, dharmopamAnalumA 7, dharmopamAnavAcakalupA ca 8, iti / tatropamAnaloparahitAzcatvAro bhedAH 'taDidgaurI-' ityAdizloM kena pradarzitAH / tadvanto bhedA uttarazlokena drshitaaH| tatra 'taDidgIrI' ityatra vAcakalopastaDidiva gaurItyarthe 'upamAnAni sAmAnyavacanaiH' (pA. 2 / 1 / 55) iti samAsavidhAyakazAstrakRtaH / 'indutulyAsyA' ityatra dharmalopaH, sa tvaicchiko na zAstrakRtaH; kAntyA indutulyAsyetyapi vaktuM meyaluptA, upamAnaluptA, vAcakopamAnaluptA, dharmopamAnaluptA aura dhrmopmaanvaackluptaa| inhIM ke udAharaNa ye haiM: 'maiMne bijalI ke samAna gauravarNa kI, candra ke samAna AhlAdadAyaka mukha vAlI mere netroM meM kapUra kI zItalatA ko utpanna karatI usa sundarI ko ekAnta meM dekhA, jo apanI kAMti se rati ke samAna AcaraNa kara rahI thii| usa ekAntasthala meM usake sAtha milana yA usake prema kA lAbha mere lie kAkatAlIya thA. jisakI sambhAvanA ke sambandha meM tarka bhI nahIM ho sakatA thaa| usa nAyikA kA ekAnta meM milanA aura ratidAna denA mere lie ThIka vaise hI akasmAt huA, jaise kauA akasmAt kisI pake tAla ke phala para A baiThe aura vaha phala, apane Apa (kaue ke bojha se nahIM), gira pdd'e| yahA~ kaue kA AnA aura tAla-phala kA giranA nAyaka-nAyikA-samAgama rUpa upameya kA upamAna hai, aura kaue ke dvArA patita phala kA upabhoga, nAyikopabhoga rUpa upameya kA upamAna hai| upameya, upamAna, sAdhAraNadharma aura vAcaka zabda ina cAroM tavoM meM se kisI bhI eka, do yA tIna kA lopa hone para luptopamA kahalAtI hai| yaha luptopamA ATha taraha kI hotI hai| jaise-1. vAcakaluptA, 2. dharmaluptA, 3. dharmavAcakaluptA, 4. vAcakopameya. luptA, 5. upamAnaluptA, 6. vAcakopamAnaluptA, 7. dharmopamAnaluptA aura 8. dhrmopmaanvaackluptaa| ina ATha bhedoM meM prathama zloka 'taDidgaurI' Adi meM upamAnaloparahita cAra bhedoM ko udAhRta kiyA gayA hai| upamAnalopa vAle cAra bhedoM ke udAharaNa kArikA ke bAda ke zloka meM pradarzita kiye gaye haiN| -vAcakaluptA :-'taDidgaurI' isa udAharaNa meM vAcaka zabda kA lopa hai / yahA~ taDit ke samAna gaurI' (bijalI ke samAna gauravarNa vAlI nAyikA) taDidaurI isa samasta pada meM pANini ke sUtra 'upamAnAni sAmAnyavacanaiH' (21155) ke anusAra zAstraprayukta praNAlI pAI jAtI hai| yahA~ taDit' upamAna 'gaurI' sAdhAraNadharma aura upameya tInoM vidyamAna haiM / ivAdi vAcaka zabda kA abhAva hai| 2-dharmaluptA :-'indutulyAsyA' candramA ke samAna mukhavAlI isa udAharaNa meM sAdhAraNa

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kuvalayAnandaH zakyatvAt / 'karpUrantI' ityatra dharmavAcakalopaH;karpUramivAcarantItyarthe vihilasya kapUravadAnandAtmakAcArArthakasya kip ivazabdena saha lopAt / atra dharmalopa aicchikaH nayanayorAnandAtmakatayA karpUrantIti tadupAdAnasyApi saMbhavAditi | 'kAntyA smaravadhUyantI' ityatra vAcakopameyalopaH / atra kAntyeti vizeSaNasAmAtsvAtmAnaM kAmavadhUmivAcarantItyarthasya gamyamAnatayA svAtmana upameyasya sahopamAvAcakenAnupAdAnAtsa tvaicchikaH svAtmAnaM smaravadhUyantItyupameyopAdAdharma kA lopa hai / yahA~ sAdhAraNa dharma kA lopa kavi kI icchA para Adhata hai, zAstrakRta nhiiN| yadi kavi cAhatA to 'usakA mukha kAnti se indu ke tulya hai' yaha bhI kaha sakatA thaa| 'indutulyAsyA' meM 'indu' upamAna, 'tulya' vAcaka zabda aura 'Asya' upamAna hai| yahA~ bhI upamA samastapada meM hI hai| 3-dharmavAcakaluptA :-isa bheda kA udAharaNa 'karparantI' (karpara ke samAna AcaraNa karatI) hai| yahA~ 'kapUra' upamAna tathA nAyikA upameya upAtta haiM, AnandajanakatvAdi sAdhA. raNadharma aura ivAdi vAcaka zabda kA upAdAna nahIM huA hai| . isa udAharaNa meM dharma tathA vAcaka kA lopa isalie mAnA gayA hai ki yahA~ 'kapUrantI' pada kA 'karpUra ke samAna AcaraNa karatI huI' yaha artha lene para 'karpara ke samAna AnandadAyaka hone kA AcaraNa karanevAlA' isa artha kA dyotana karane ke lie vipa pratyaya kA prayoga hogA; vaha pratyaya 'iva' zabda ke sAtha lupta ho jAtA hai, bhAva yaha hai 'kapUramiva Acarati' vyutpatti se pahale kvip pratyaya leMgAkara 'karpUrat' rUpa banegA, isa rUpa meM kipa tathA iva donoM kA lopa ho jAtA hai| isI kA strIliMga rUpa 'karpUrantI' hai / ( yadi koI yaha kahe ki yahA~ vAcaka kAlopato avazya hai, kiMtu sAdhAraNa dharma kA saMketa to svayaM vip pratyaya de rahA hai, jo 'kapUra ke samAna AnandadAyaka AcaraNa' kI pratIti karA rahA hai to yahA~ sAdhAraNadharma kA lopa kaise hai ?, to isa zaMkA kA uttara yaha hai ki yadyapi AnandadAyaka AcAra kA saMketa pAyA jAtA hai, tathApi AnandatyAdi kA vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM upAdAna nahIM huA hai| isalie yahA~ dharmalopa mAnanA hI hogaa| nahIM to indutulyAsyA meM dharmaluptodAharaNa nahIM mAnanA pdd'egaa|) yahA~ AnandAtmakatvAdi dharma kA lopa zAstrakRta na hokara kavi kI icchA para nirbhara hai| kyoMki kavi cAhatA to 'netroM ko Ananda dene ke kAraNa, athavA AnandAtmaka hone ke kAraNa, netroM ke lie kapUra ke samAna zItalatA pradAna karatI' isa prakAra sAdhAraNadharma kA spaSTa upAdAna bhI kapUra kara sakatA thaa| dharmamAtrarUpasyAcArasyopAdAne'pyAnandatvAdinA vizeSaNarUpeNAnupAdAnAddharmalopo yukta eva / anyathA indutulyaasyetyaadedhrmluptodaahrnnsyaasNgttvaaptteH| vaidyanAthaH alaGkAra candrikA ( kavalayAnanda TIkA, pR0 7 ) 4-vAcakopaneyaluptaH :-'kAntyA smaravadhUyantI' (kAnti se kAmadeva kI patnI ke samAna AcaraNa karatI) meM vAcaka zabda tathA upameya kA lopa hai| yahA~ 'kAnti rUpa vizeSaNa sAmarthya (sAdhAraNadharma) se apane Apa ko kAmavadhU ke samAna AcaraNa karatI' isa artha kI pratIti ke lie yahA~ 'Atma-rUpa' upameya tathA upamAvAcaka zabda, donoM kA prayoga nahIM kiyA gayA hai, jo kavi kA aicchika vidhAna hai| isa udAharaga ko 'svAtmAnaM smaravadhUyantI' (apanI AtmA ko-apane Apa ko-kAmadeva kI patnI rati ke samAna banAtI) banAne para upameya kA prayoga saMbhava thaa| 5-upamAnaluptA :-('tadetatkAkatAlIyamavitarkitasaMbhavam' meM upamAna tathA vAcaka

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upamAlaGkAraH nasyApi saMbhavAt / 'kAkatAlIyam' ityatra kAkatAlazabdau vRttiviSaye kAkatAlasamavetakriyAvartinau, tena kAkAgamanamiva tAlapatanamiva kAkatAlamitIvArtha 'samAsAcca tadviSayAt' (pA. 5 / 3 / 106 ) iti jJApakAtsamAsaH / ubhayatropameyaM svasya kvacidgamanaM tatraiva rahasi tanvyA avasthAnaM ca | tena svasya tasyAzca samAgamaH kAkatAlasamAgamasadRza iti phalati / tataH 'kAkatAlamiva kAkatAlIyam' iti dvitIyasminnivArthe 'samAsAcca tadviSayAt' (pA. 5 // 3 / 106 ) iti sUtreNa 'ive pratikRtau' ( pA. 5 / 3 / 96 ) ityadhikArasthena chapratyayaH / tathA ca pata. nadalitaM tAlaphalaM yathA kAkenopabhuktam , evaM rahodarzanakSubhitahRdayA tanvI svenopamukteti tdrthH| tatazcAtra kAkAgamana-tAlapatanasamAgamarUpasya kAkakRtatAlaphalopabhogarUpasya copamAnasyAnupAdAnAtpratyayArthopamAyAmupamAnalopaH, samAsArthopamAyAM vaackopmaanlopH| sarvo'pyayaM lopazchapratyayavidhAyakadonoM kA lopa pAyA jAtA hai| isameM cha pratyaya ke anusAra pratyayArthopamA mAnane para kevala upamAnaluptA hai| samAsArthopamA mAnane para vaackopmaanluptaa|) ___ 'kAkatAlIyam' isa zabda meM samAsa (vRtti) hone para 'kAka' tathA 'tAla' ye donoM zabda kAka (kauA) tathA tAla (sADa kA phala) ina donoM ke samAgama se utpanna samaveta kriyA ke dyotaka haiN| ataH yahA~ kaue ke Agamana kI taraha, tAla ke phala ke girane kI taraha, hone vAlA 'kAkatAlaM' siddha hotA hai, isa prakAra isa ivArtha (samAnArtha) meM 'samAsAcca tadviSayAn' (5 / 3 / 106) isa pANini sUtra ke anusAra samAsa ho gayA hai, ataH 'kAkatAlaM' zabda kI vyutpatti yoM hogI-'kAkagamanamiva tAlapatanamiva iti kaaktaalN'| yahA~ donoM sthAnoM para inakA upameya apanA kahIM jAnA aura vahA~ ekAnta meM sundarI nAyikA kA milanA hai| tadanantara apanA aura usakA milanA kAkatAla samAgama ke samAna hai, isa artha kI pratIti hotI hai / isake bAda 'kAkatAlaM' zabda se 'kAkatAlIyaM' kI siddhi hotI hai-'kAkatAlaM iva kAkatAlIyaM (jo kAkatAla kI taraha ho)| isa dUsare artha meM ivArtha meM usI 'samAsAcca tadviSayAt' (5 / 3 / 106) sUtra se 'ive pratikRtI' (5 / 3 / 96) isa adhikAra sUtra ke dvArA cha pratyaya kA vidhAna hotA hai (kaaktaal+ch)| isa prakAra niSpanna 'kAkatAlIyaM' pada kA artha yaha hai ki jaise kaue ne girane se TUTe phala ko khAyA, vaise hI ekAMta darzana se kSubdha hRdayavAlI sundarI kA usane upabhoga kiyaa| isa prakAra kaue kA AnA tathA tAla ke phala ke girane kA samAgama rUpa upamAna tathA kaue ke dvArA tAla phala kA upabhoga rUpa upamAna kA sAkSAt prayoga na hone ke kAraNa, cha pratyaya vidhAna ke dvArA niSpanna pratyayArthopamA meM upamAnaluptA upamA hai (yahA~ vAcaka kA lopa nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha 'cha' (kAkatAla+cha = kAkatAla+ Iya) pratyaya ke dvArA prayukta huA hai| 'kAkatAlaM' isa pada meM samAsArthopamA hai, isameM 'samAsAcca tadviSayAt' ke anusAra upamAvAcaka zabda samAsa meM lupta ho gayA hai, ataH yaha vAcakophmAnaluptA hai / (yahA~ upameya 'etat' tathA sAdhAraNa dharma 'avitarkitasaMbhavam' donoM kA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai|) yaha samasta lopa cha pratyaya ke kAraNa hai, ataH yaha zAstrakRta hai| 6--vAcakopamAnaluptA:-isakA udAharaNa bhI tadetatkAkatAlIyamavitarkitasaMbhavam' hai| (isakI saMgati Upara dikhA dI gaI hai|) yahA~ samAsArthopamA meM vAcakopamAnaluptA hai| 7-dharmopamAnaluptAH-(isakA udAharaNa 'tadetatkAkatAlIyamabhavatkiM bravImi te hai|)

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kuvalayAnandaH zAsakRtaH, avitarkitasaMbhavamiti sAdhAraNadharmasyAnupAdAne pratyayArthopamAyAM dharmopamAnalopaH / samAsArthopamAyAM dharmopamAnavAcakalopa iti sUkSmayA dRSTayAvadhAritavyam / eteSAmudAharaNAntarANi vistarabhayAnna likhyante / / 7-6 // 2anandhayAlaGkAraH upamAnopameyatvaM yadekasyaiva vastunaH / indurinduriva zrImAnityAdau tadananvayaH // 10 // ekasyaiva vastuna upmaanopmeytvvrnnnmnnvyH| varNyamAnamapi svasya svena sAdhaye nAnvetIti vyutptteH| ananvayino'pyarthasyAbhidhAnaM sadRzAntara vyavacchedenAnupamatvadyota nAya / 'indurinduriva zrImAn' ityukte zrImattvena candrasya nAnyaH sadRzo'stIti sadRzAntaravyavacchedo lakSyate / tatazca svasya svenApi sAdRzyAsaMbhavAdanupameyatve paryavasAnam // yathA vAUpara kI paMkti meM se 'avitarkitasaMbhava' rUpa sAdhAraNadharma ko haTA dene para ( usakA anupAdAna karane para) cha pratyaya vAlI pratyayArthopamA meM dharmopamAna lopa hogA / (tadetat kAkatAlIyamabhavamki pravImi te' meM 'etat' upameya hai, tathA 'kAkatAlIyaM' meM cha pratyaya ke kAraNa vAcaka kA upAdAna ho gayA hai, para pUrvokta rIti se upamAna kA lopa hai, sAtha hI yahA~ koI sAdhAraNa dharma nahIM hai, ataH yahA~ dharmopamAnaluptA upamA hai|) -dharmopamAnavAcakaluptAH-(isakA udAharaNa bhI 'tadetatkAkatAlIyamabhavarika bravImi te' hI hai|) yahA~ pUrvokta rIti se samAsArthopamA mAnane para vAcaka tathA upamAna kA lopa hai hI, 'avitarkitasaMbhavaM' kA prayoga na karane ke kAraNa sAdhAraNadharma kA bhI lopa ho gayA hai, isa prakAra dharmopamAnavAcakaluptA upamA hai, yaha sUkSma dRSTi se dekhA jA sakatA hai| __ina ATha prakAra kI upamAoM ke anya udAharaNa vistAra ke bhaya se nahIM diye jA rahe haiN| 2. ananvaya alaGkAra 10-jahA~ eka hI vastu (varNyamAna ) upamAna tathA upameya donoM ho, vahA~ ananvaya hotA hai, jaise 'candramA candramA kI hI taraha zobhA vAlA hai' isa udAharaNa meN| jahA~ eka hI vastu kA upamAnava tathA upameyatva varNita kiyA jAya, vahA~ ananvaya hotA hai| ananvaya zabda kI vyutpatti yaha hai ki kAvya meM varNyamAna hone para bhI kisI vastu kI svayaM ke hI sAtha tulanA anvita nahIM ho pAtI, ataH vaha ananvaya (na anvetIti ananvayaH) hai| bhAva yaha hai, yadyapi eka hI vastu svayaM apanA hI upamAna nahIM bana sakatI, tathApi kavi isakA prayoga karate dekhe jAte haiN| yadyapi yaha sAdharmyarUpa artha (anvaya) ghaTita nahIM hotA tathApi kavi isakA prayoga isalie karate haiM ki ve upameya ke sadRza anya vastu (upamAna) kA vyAvartana kara usa vastu (upameya) kI anupamatA kI vyaMjanA karAnA cAhate haiN| 'indurinduriva zrImAn' isa udAharaNa se yaha bhAva abhISTa hai ki zobhA meM koI bhI anya padArtha candramA ke samAna nahIM hai, aura isa prayoga se anya sadRza vastu kA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra svayaM apane hI sAtha kisI vastu ka, sAdRzya asaMbhava hone ke kAraNa ananvaya alaGkAra upameya kI anupameyatA meM paryavasita ho jAtA hai / athavA jaise isa udAharaNa meM:

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upameyopamAlaGkAraH - - gaganaM gaganAkAraM sAgaraH sAgaropamaH / rAmarAvaNayoryuddhaM rAmarAvaNayoriva / / pUrvodAharaNe zrImattvasya dharmasyopAdAnamasti | iha tu gaganAdiSu vaipulyAde. dharmasya tannAstIti vizeSaH / / 10 // 3 upameyopamAlaGkAraH paryAyeNa dvayostaccedupameyopamA matA dharmo'rtha iva pUrNazrIrartho dharma iva tvayi // 11 // dvayoH paryAyeNopamAnopameyatvakalpanaM tRtIyasadRzavyavacchedArtham | dharmAH rthayohi kasyacitkenacitsAdRzye varNite tasyApyanyena sAdRzyamarthasiddhamapi mukhato varNyamAnaM tRtIyasadRzavyavacchedaM phalati // 'AkAza, AkAza ke samAna (vizAla) hai, samudra, samudra ke samAna (gaMbhIra) hai, rAma aura rAvaNa kA yuddha, rAma aura rAvaNa ke hI yuddha ke samAna (bhISaNa) hai|' yahA~ prathama AkAza, sAgara tathA rAma-rAvaNa-yuddha upameya hai, dvitIya upamAna / isake dvArA kavi yaha lakSita karanA cAhatA hai ki AkAza ke samAna vizAla koI anya padArtha nahIM hai, samudra ke samAna gaMbhIra koI bhI vastu nahIM hai aura jaisA bhayaMkara yuddha rAma aura rAvaNa kA hubhA vaisA pRthvI para kisI kA bhI yuddha na huaa| ___ yahA~ pahale udAharaNa (indurinduriva zrImAn ) meM sAdhAraNadharma-zrImacva-kA spaSTa upAdAna huA hai| isa dUsare udAharaNa meM gaganAdi ne sAdhAraNa dharma vipulatA, gambhIratA aura bhISaNatA kA upAdAna nahIM huA hai, ataH donoM udAharaNoM kI praNAlI meM yaha bheda hai| 3. upameyopamA alaMkAra 11-jahA~ upamAna tathA upameya donoM alaga-alaga rUpa meM eka dUsare ke upamAno. pameya ho, vahA~ upameyopamA mAnI jAtI hai, jaise tumhAre dharma, artha kI bhAMti samRddha tathA pUrNa haiM, aura artha dharma kI taraha samRddha tathA pUrNa hai| (yahA~ prathama aMza meM dharma upameya hai, artha upamAna, iva vAcaka zabda hai tathA 'pUrNazrI' sAdhAraNa dharma; dvitIya aMza meM artha upameya hai, dharma upamAna / donoM paryAya rUpa se, vAkya. bheda se-eka dUsare ke upamAna tathA upameya haiN|) upameyopamA meM upamAna tathA upameya, donoM ko eka dUsare kA upamAnopameya isalie banA diyA jAtA hai ki kavi kisI tRtIya sahaza padArtha kA nirAkaraNa karanA cAhatA hai| dharma aura artha donoM meM se kisI eka kA kisI dUsare se sAdharmya varNita kara diyA jAtA hai, phira usI se dUsare kA sAdharmya varNita kiyA jAtA hai / yadyapi yaha sAdRzya svataH artha siddha hai hI, phira bhI use sAkSAt zabda ke dvArA isalie kahA jAtA hai ki usase tRtIya sadRza padArtha kI vyAvRtti ho jAya / bhAva yaha hai, jaba eka bAra dharma ko artha ke samAna batAyA gayA, to artha dharma ke samAna hai, yaha artha svataH bodhagamya ho jAtA hai| kintu itanA hone para bhI sAkSAt zabda ke dvArA 'artha dharma ke samAna hai' yaha kahanA 'prAptasya punarvacanaM taditaraparisaMkhyArdham' isa nyAya ke anusAra hai, jisase dharma tathA artha se itara padArtha kI samAnatA niSiddha ho jAya / athavA jaise:

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kuvalayAnandaH yathA vA khamiva jalaM jalamiva khaM haMsa iva candrazcandra iva haMsaH / kumudAkArAstArAstArAkArANi kumudAni // pUrvatra pUrNazrIriti dharma upAttaH / iha nirmalatvAdidharmo nopAtta iti bhedaH / udAharaNadvaye'pi prakRtayorevopamAnopameyatvakalpanam / rAjJidharmArthasamRddheH zaradi gaganasalilAdinairmalyasya ca varNanIyatvAt prakRtAprakRtayorapyeSA saMbhavati / yathA vA giririva gajarAjo'yaM gajarAja ivoccakairvibhAti giriH / nirbhara iva madadhArA madadhArevAsya nirjharaH sravati / / 11 / / 4 pratIpAlaGkAraH pratIpamupamAnasyopameyatvaprakalpanam / vallocanasamaM par3a tvadvaktrasadRzo vidhuH // 12 // 'zarada Rtu meM jala AkAza ke samAna (nirmala) hai, AkAza jala ke samAna (nirmala) hai, candramA haMsa ke samAna (dhavala) hai, haMsa candramA ke samAna (dhavala) hai| tArAgaNa kumudinI kI bhA~ti suzobhita ho rahe haiM, aura kusudiniyA~ tArAgaNoM kI bhA~ti suzobhita ho rahI haiN| (yahA~ jala-AkAza, candra-haMsa, tArAgaNa kumudinI paraspara paryAya se eka dUsare ke upamAnopameya haiN| isa padya ko vAmana ne bhI upameyopamA ke prakaraNa meM udAhRta kiyA hai|) prathama udAharaNa meM 'pUrNa zrIH' sAdhAraNa dharma kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / dvitIya udAharaNa meM 'nirmalatvAdi' sAdhAraNa dharma kA prayoga nahIM huA hai, yaha donoM udAharaNoM kA antara hai / ina udAharaNoM meM upamAna tathA upameya donoM hI padArtha prakRta haiM / rAjA ke varNana meM dharma tathA artha donoM kA astitva prakRta hai, isI taraha zarada Rtu ke varNana meM jala AkAza, haMsa-candra, tArA-kumudinI sabhI prakRta viSaya haiN| ataH ina donoM udAharaNoM meM yaha prakRtapadArthaniSTha upameyopamA hai| yaha prakRtAprakRta kI bhI ho sakatI hai, jahAM eka padArtha prakRta ho anya aprakRta / jaise 'yaha hAthI parvata ke samAna suzobhita hai, parvata U~cAI meM hAthI ke samAna suzobhita hotA hai| isa hAthI kI madadhArA jharane ke sAza bahatI hai, parvata ke jharane isa hAthI kI madadhArA ke samAna bahate haiM, yahA~ hAthI tathA madadhArA prakRta padArtha haiM, parvata tathA nirjhara aprakRta / hAthI ke sAtha prayukta 'ayaM' pada usake prakRtatva kA bodhaka hai| prathama aMza meM prakRta upameya haiM, aprakRta) upamAna, dvitIya aMza meM aprakRta upameya haiM, prakRta upamAna / pUrvArdha meM U~cAI (uccaiH sAdhAraNa dharma hai, uttarArdha meM 'sravaNa' kriyA / 4. pratIpa alaMkAra 12-jahA~ (prasiddha) upamAna ko upameya banA diyA jAya, vahA~ pratIpa alaGkAra hotA hai, jaise he sundari, kamala tumhAre netra ke samAna (sundara) hai, aura candramA tumhAre mukha ke samAna ( aavaaddaayk)|

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pratIpAlaGkAraH prasiddhopamAnopameyabhAvaH prAtilomyAtpratIpam | yathA vA 11 ~3 yattvannetrasamAnakAnti salile magnaM tadindIvaraM meghairantaritaH priye ! tava mukhacchAyAnukArI zazI / yespi tvadgamanAnusArigata yaste rAjahaMsA gatA stvatsAdRzyavinodamAtramapi me daivena na kSamyate // 12 // anyopameyalAbhena varNyasyAnAdaratha tat / alaM garveNa te vastra ! kAntyA candro'pi tAdRzaH // 13 // jahA~ upamAna (padma) ko upameya vanA diyA jAya, to upameya (mukha) svataH upamAna bana jAyagA, aisI dazA meM yaha zaMkA uThanA sambhava hai ki mukha Adi candra ke upameya haiM, to ve upamAna bhI ho sakate haiM aura isa prakAra 'candra iva mukha' jaise lakSyoM kI taraha 'mukhamiva candra:' meM bhI upamA hI mAnanI caahie| isa udAharaNa meM upamA kI ativyApti ko rokane ke lie hI vRtti bhAga meM 'prasiddha' pada kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / jahA~ prasiddha upamAna ( kamala candrAdi ) ko upameya banA diyA jAya, vahA~ pratIpa alaGkAra isalie mAnA jAtA hai ki kavi prasiddha upamAnopameya bhAva ko ulaTA kara detA hai / kaviyoM kI parasparA meM yaha prasiddha hai ki netra kA upamAna kamala hai aura mukha kA upamAna candramA; para koI kavi vizeSa camatkAra upasthita kara dene ke lie kamala tathA candra prakRta hone para kAminI-netrAdi se usakI tulanA karatA hai, isa prakAra vaha prakhyAta paramparA se pratikUla (pratIpa ) AcaraNa karatA hai / udAharaNa jaise, he priye, ve nIla kamala, jo tumhAre netroM kI zobhA ke samAna zobhA vAle haiM, jala meM magna ho gaye haiM, tumhAre mukha kI sundaratA kA anukaraNa karane vAlA candramA bAdaloM meM chipa gayA hai; tumhArI gati kA cAla meM anusaraNa karane vAle ve rAjahaMsa cale gaye haiM / bar3e duHkha kI bAta hai ki vidhAtA tumhAre sAdRzya se mere mana ko bahalAne bhI nahIM detA / isa udAharaNa meM prasiddha upamAna - kamala, candramA tathA haMsa ko upameya banA diyA gayA hai, tathA netra, mukha aura gati ko upamAna / isa padya meM kArikA ke uttarArdha vAle udAharaNa se yaha bheda hai ki vahAM sAdhAraNa dharma kA upAdAna nahIM huA hai, jaba ki isameM 'kAnti' Adi sAdhAraNa dharma kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / isa sambandha meM eka prazna uTha sakatA hai ki upamAna se upameya kI adhikatA varNita karane vAle vyatireka se pratIpa kA kyA antara hai ? vyatireka alaMkAra meM vaidharmya ke dvArA upameya ke Adhikya kA saMketa kiyA jAtA hai, yahA~ (pratIpa meM ) bhI kavi kA abhISTa to mukhAdi kA Adhikya dyotita karanA hI hai, para use upamAna banAkara sAdharmya ke dvArA saMketita kiyA jAtA hai / eka vaidha - mUlaka hai, dUsarA sAdharmyamUlaka / isa padya meM pratIpa ke atirikta kAvyaliMga alaMkAra bhI hai / kAntA ke viraha se duHkhI nAyaka priyAmukhAdi ke darzana ke na hone para bhI usake samAna kamalAdi ko dekhakara yaha samajhatA hai ki maiM inase hI kAMtAmukhAdi jaisA AnaMda uThA lU~gA, kiMtu varSAkAla meM unakA bhI abhAva dekhakara deva ko upAlaMbha detA hai / isa. prakAra yahAM prathama tIna caraNoM meM caturtha caraNa kA samarthana pAyA jAtA hai / isake atirikta isameM deva ke prati asUyA nAmaka bhAva bhI dhvanita hotA hai / 23 - kisI anya padArtha ( upamAna ) ko upameya banA kara jahAM varNya viSaya kA

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12 kuvalayAnandaH atyutkRSTaguNatayA vaya'mAnasyAnyatra svasAdRzyamasahamAnasyopameyaM kiMcitpradarya tAvatA tasya tiraskAro dvitIyaM pratIpaM pUrvasmAdapi vicchittivizeSazAli | yathA vA, ( rudraTAlaM0 ) garvamasaMvAhyamimaM locanayugalena kiM vahasi bhadre ! / santIdRzAni dizi dizi saraHsu nanu nIlanalinAni / / 12 / / vopameyalAbhena tthaanysyaapynaadrH| kA krauryadarpaste mRtyo ! tvattulyAH santi hi striyaH // 14 // atyutkRSTaguNatayA kacidapyupamAnabhAvamasahamAnasyAvarNyasya vopameyaM parikalpya tAvatA tasya tiraskAraH pUrvapratIpavaiparItyena tRtIyaM pratIpam / / yathA vA ahameva guruH sudAruNAnAmiti hAlAhala ! tAta ! mA sma dRpyaH / anAdara kiyA jAya, vahAM pratIpa kA dUsarA bheda hotA hai| jaise he mukha, terA garva vyartha hai, candramA bhI sundaratA meM vaisA hI hai (jaise tum)| yahAM candramA ko upameya banAkara varNya (mukha) kA anAdara kiyA gayA hai| apane atyadhika guNoM ke kAraNa apane samAna kisI anya vastu ko sahana nahIM karane vAle varNya viSaya kA upameya kucha batAkara usI ke AdhAra para usakA tiraskAra jahA~ kiyA jAya vahA~ dvitIya pratIpa hotA hai| yaha bheda prathama bheda se isa bAta meM bar3hakara hai ki vahAM varNya kA tiraskAra nahIM kiyA jAtA, yahAM varNya kA tiraskAra karane se prathama bheda se adhika camatkAra-pratIti hotI hai| athavA jaise, he sundari, apane netroM se isa asahya garva kA vahana kyoM karatI ho (itanA ghamaNDa kyoM karatI ho)? yaha na samajho ki tumhAre netroM ke samAna sundara padArtha saMsAra meM haiM hI nhiiN| are, pratyeka dizA meM, sarovaroM meM ThIka aise hI saikar3oM nIla kamala vidyamAna haiN| __ yahAM 'netra' (vayaM) ke upameyatta ko kucha varNita kara bAda meM usakA tiraskAra karane ke lie kAvya-vAkya meM prayukta bahuvacana (nalinAni) ke dvArA vaise hI anekoM nIla kamaloM kI sattA batAI gaI hai| kArikA bhAga ke udAharaNa meM sAdhAraNa dharma ( kAntyA) kA prayoga huA hai, isa udAharaNa meM nhiiN| 14-jahAM kisI aise avarNya viSaya ko, jisake adhika guNoM ke kAraNa vaha kahIM bhI upamAnabhAva kI sthiti sahana nahIM karatA, varNyaviSaya-sA banAkara usake upameyatva kI kalpanA kI jAya aura isa AdhAra para usakA bhI tiraskAra kiyA jAya, to vahAM tosarA pratIpa hotA hai, jo dUsare pratIpa kA ulaTA hai| jaise he mRtyu, tuma apanI karatA para ghamaNDa kyoM karatI ho, tumhAre samAna kara striyA~ bhI haiN| (dUsare pratIpa meM upameya vaya-viSaya hai, jaba ki isa pratIpa-bheda meM upameya avayaM hai, jisakI upameyatva-kalpanA kara lI jAtI hai| yahA~ avarNya viSaya ko sambodhita kara varNya (upamAna) kI samAnatA batAkara usakA bhI tiraskAra abhISTa hotA hai|) jahAM aise avarNya (mRtyu) ko, jo ati utkRSTa guNa hone ke kAraNa kahIM bhI upamAna bhAva ko sahana nahIM karatA, vopameya banAkara, isI AdhAra para usakA tiraskAra kiyA jAya, vahAM dvitIya pratIpa se ulaTA hone ke kAraNa tRtIya pratIpa hai / athavA jaise he viSa, tuma isa bAta kA ghamaNDa na karo ki saMsAra meM samasta kaThora padArthoM ke guru

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pratIpAlaGkAraH 13 nanu santi bhavAdRzAni bhUyo bhuvane'sminvacanAni durjanAnAm // 14 // vayenAnyasyopamAyA aniSpattivacazca tat / mudhApavAdo mugdhAkSi ! tvanmukhAbhaM kilAmbujam // 15 // avarNya varNyopamityaniSpattivacanaM pUrvebhya utkarSazAli caturtha pratIpam / udAharaNe mudhApavAdatvoktyopamitya niSpattiruddhATitA / yathA vA AkarNaya sarojAkSi ! vacanIyamidaM bhuvi / zazAGkastava vaktreNa pAmarairupamIyate // 15 // kaimarthyamapi manvate / pratIpamupamAnasya dRSTaM cedvadanaM tasyAH kiM padmena kimindunA // 16 // upameyasyaivopamAnaprayojana dhUrva hatvenopamAna kai marthyamupamAnaprAtilomyAt paJcamaM pratIpam / ( mUrdhanya ) tumhIM ho| he tAta, isa saMsAra meM tumhAre hI jaise ati kaThora durjanoM ke vacana vidyamAna haiN| yahA~ kavi ko durjanoM ke vacanoM kI kaThoratA kA varNana karanA abhISTa hai, yahI varNya hai, viSa yahAM avarNya hai, kintu vicchittivizeSa kI sRSTi ke lie kavi avarNya (viSa) ko upameya banA kara usakA varNya ke DhaMga se varNana karatA hai, tathA abhISTa viSaya ko upamAna banA detA hai / isa prakAra yahA~ kalpita varthopameya kA tiraskAra kiyA gayA hai / 15 - jahAM koI anya padArtha varNya viSaya ( upameya ) ke samAna hai, isa bAta ko niSprayojana batAkara ise jhUThA ghoSita kiyA jAya, vahAM cauthA pratIpa hotA hai / jaise, he sundara AMkhoM vAlI sundari ! yaha bAta bilakula jhUTha hai ki kamala tumhAre mukha ke samAna hai / jahAM avarNya ( kamala) varNya (mukha) ke samAna hai, isa ukti ko niSprayojana ghoSita kiyA jAya, vahAM pahale ke tIna pratIpoM se bhI adhika camatkAra hotA hai; yaha cauthA pratIpa hai / isa pratIpa meM upamAna ( kamala) kA tiraskAra karanA kavi ko abhISTa hotA hai / Upara ke udAharaNa meM 'mudhApavAda' zabda ke dvArA upamA kI ukti ko niSprayojana batAyA gayA hai / athavA jaise he sundari ( kamala ke samAna A~khoM vAlI ), suno, saMsAra meM yaha bAta jhUThI samajhI jA rahI hai, tathA isakI nindA ho rahI hai ki nIca loga tumhAre mukha se candramA kI tulanA karate haiM / yahAM 'candramA kI kyA bisAta ki tumhAre mukha ke samAna ho sake' yaha bhAva kavi kA abhISTa hai| yahAM candramA ( avarNya ) ko mukha ( varNya) ke samAna batAkara phira isa ukti kI niSprayojakatA ghoSita kI gaI hai| 16 - upamAna kA kaimarthya ( vyarthatA ) batAne para bhI pratIpa alaGkAra mAnA jAtA hai, jaise yadi usa nAyikA kA mukha dekha liyA, to phira kamala se kyA matalaba aura candramA se kyA lAbha ? isa sambandha meM yaha zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki padma, candrAdi upamAna AhlAdadAyaka

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kuvalayAnandaH yathA vA-(nai0 1-14) tadojasastadyazasaH sthitAvimau vRtheti citte kurute yadA yadA / tanoti bhAnoH pariveSakaitavA. / ttadA vidhiH kuNDalanAM vidhorapi // kecidananvayopameyopamApratIpAnAmupamAvizeSatvena tadantarbhAvaM manyante / anye tu paJcamaM pratIpaprakAramupamAnAkSeparUpatvAdAkSepAlaGkAramAhuH / / 16 / / hote haiM, ataH ve anarthaka kaise ho sakate haiM / isa zaMkA kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie hI batAte haiM ki samasta upamAnoM kA vAstavika lakSya upameya hI hotA hai, ataH upamAna kI vyarthatA batAI jA sakatI hai| yaha vyarthatA eka taraha se upamAna kI pratikUlatA hI hai| upamAna ke pratikUla hone ke kAraNa hI yaha prakAravizeSa bhI pratIpa kA hI eka bheda hai| paMcama pratIpa ke udAharaNa ke rUpa meM naiSadha kA nimna padya upasthita kiyA jA sakatA hai:___'rAjA nala ke teja tathA yaza ke vidyamAna hone para sUrya tathA candramA vyartha haiM-jaba kabhI brahmA isa prakAra kA vicAra mana meM karatA hai, tabhI vaha sUrya tathA candramA kI vaiyarthya sUcaka rekhA ko paridhi (pariveSa) ke vyAja se nimita kara detA hai|' yahA~ nala ke teja tathA yaza ke upamAnarUpa sUrya aura candramA ko vyartha batAyA gayA hai| yaha paJcama prakAra kA pratIpa alaGkAra hai| sUrya, candramA kA kArya pratApa tathA dhavalI. karaNa hai| usa kArya ko nala ke teja tathA yaza karane meM samartha haiM hI, sAtha hI sUrya tathA candramA sadA udita nahIM rahate, jaba ki nala ke teja tathA yaza sadA udita rahate haiM, ataH sUrya evaM candramA kI vyarthatA siddha ho jAtI hai / isa vyarthatA ke lie kavi ne pariveSa ko kuNDalanA ke dvArA apahRta kara diyA hai-ataH yahA~ apahnati alaMkAra bhI hai-yahA~ brahmA ke dvArA yarthyasUcaka kuNDalanA khIMca dene kI utprekSA kI gaI hai / isa prakAra isameM apahnati, pratIpa tathA utprekSA ina tInoM kA saMkara pAyA jAtA hai|| kucha AlaGkArika ananvaya, upameyopamA tathA pratIpa ko alaga se alaGkAra na mAnakara upamA meM hI inakA antarbhAva mAnate haiN| anya vidvAn paJcama prakAra ke pratIpa ko AkSepa alaGkAra mAnate haiM, kyoMki yahAM upamAna kA AkSepa kiyA jAtA hai| TippaNI-candrikAkAra ne isako nimna prakAra se spaSTa kara ke pUrvapakSIma takA gvaNTana kiyA hai: kecit-daNDiprabhRtayaH / ananvayopameyopamApratIpAnAmiti / pratIpapadena cAtrAdyabheda. trayameva gRhyate, na svantyabhedadvayamapi / tatropamitikriyAniSpatterabhAvenopamAntarbhAvasyAsambhavAt / vastutastvAdyabhedatrayasyApi nopmaantrgtiryuktaa| camatkAraM prati sAdharmyasya prAdhAnyAnAprayojakatvAt / sAmarthya nibandhana upamAnatiraskAra eva hi tatra camatkRtiprayojakatayA vivakSitaH, na tu sAdharmyameva mukhatazcamatkAritayA vivakSitamiti sahRdayasAkSikam / evamananvayopameyopamayorapi na sAdRzyasya camatkAritayA prAdhAnyena vivakSA, kiMtu dvitIyatRtIyasadRzavyavacchedopAyatayeti na tayorapyupamAntargatiyujyate / anyathA sAdRzyavarNanamAtreNopamAntarbhAve 'dhairyalAvaNyagAmbhIryapramukhaistvamudanvataH / guNaistulyo'si bhedastu vapuSaivezena te // ' iti vyatirekAlaMkArasyApyupamAntargatiH syAt / tatra sAdharmyasamAnA. 'dhikaraNa vaidharmyameva camatkAre pradhAnam, na tu sAdharmyamiti cettulyamidaM pratIpAdiSvapIti sahRdayairAkalanIyam / etAvadevAsvarasabIjamabhisaMdhAyoktaM keciditi / ( candrikA pR0 14 )

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rUpakAlaGkAraH www. -: 9 rUpakAlaGkAraH viSayya bhedatAdrUpyaraJjanaM rUpakaM ayaM hi dhUrjaTiH sAkSAdyena dagdhAH puraH kSaNAt / ayamAste vinA zambhustArtIyIkaM vilocanam // 18 // zambhurvizvamavatyadya svIkRtya samadRSTitAm / asyA mukhendunA labdhe netrAnande kimindunA // 19 // sAdhvIyamaparA lakSmIrasudhAsAgaroditA / kalaGkinazcandrAnmukhacandro'tiricyate // 20 // viSayasya yat / tattridhAdhikyanyUnatvAnubhayoktibhiH // 17 // ayaM vAmana ne upamAna kaimathye vAle pratIpa meM upamAna kA AkSepa mAnakara ise AkSepa alaMkAra kI koTi meM mAnA ( kAvyalaMkAra sUtra 4.3.27 ) 5. rUpaka alaGkAra 17, 18-jahA~ viSaya ( upameya ) meM viSayI ( upamAna ) kA abheda evaM tAdrUSya varNita kiyA jAya, vahAM rUpaka alaGkAra hotA hai / yaha rUpaka tIna prakAra kA hotA hai upamAna kA AdhikyarUpa, nyUnatvarUpa tathA anubhayarUpa / inhIM ke kramazaH ye udAharaNa haiM: - yaha (rAjA) sAkSAt ziva hai, kyoMki isane (zatru ke ) puroM (nagaroM, tripura ) ko jalA diyA hai| yaha rAjA tRtIya netra se rahita ziva hai| yaha rAjA ziva hI hai, jinhoMne samadRSTi (tRtIya netra- triSama netra kA abhAva ) ko dhAraNa kara vizva kI rakSA karane kA bIr3A uThAyA hai / isa nAyikA ke mukharUpI candramA se hI netrAnanda prApta hone para phira candramA kI kyA AvazyakatA hai / yaha sundarI dUsarI lakSmI hI hai, jo sudhAsAgara se utpanna nahIM huI hai / yaha mukharUpI candramA kalaGkI candramA se bar3ha kara hai / TippaNI- rUpaka kA lakSaNa: 15 'upamAnakaimarthyasyopamAnAcepazcAtkSepaH / 'upAttabiMbAviziSTaviSayadharmikAhAryAropanizcayaviSayIbhUtamupamAnAbhedatAdrUpyAnyataradrUpakam / isa lakSaNa meM atizayokti kA vAraNa karane ke lie 'upAtta' pada ke dvArA viSaya kA vizeSaNa upanyasta kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki atizayokti meM 'viSaya' ( upameya ) anupAtta hotA hai / isa lakSaNa meM 'Aropa' pada kA prayoga niSedha ke aMga ke rUpa meM nahIM kiyA gayA hai, ataH apahRti kI ativyApti nahIM hogI, kyoMki apahRti meM niSedha viSayaka Aropa hotA hai / bhrAMti kA vAraNa karane ke lie 'AhArya' pada kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki bhrAMti meM mithyAjJAna anAhArya hotA hai, jaba ki yahA~ viSaya para viSayI kA Aropa kalpita ( AhArya ) hotA hai| nidarzanA kA vAraNa karane ke lie 'AhArya' pada kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki bhrAMti meM mithyAjJAna anAhArya hotA hai, jaba ki yahA~ viSaya para viSayoM kA Aropa kalpita ( AhArya ) hotA hai / nidarzanA kA vAraNa karane ke lie yahA~ 'biMbaviziSTa' yaha viSaya kA vizeSaNa diyA gayA hai, kyoMki nidarzanA meM biMbapratibiMba - bhAva hotA hai, yahA~ nahIM, yahA~ AropyAropakabhAva hotA hai / saMzaya tathA utprekSA kA nirAsa karane ke lie 'nizcaya' pada kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki vahA~ nizcaya jJAna nahIM hotA, zaMzaya ( saMdeha ) meM cittavRtti dolAyita rahatI hai, jaba kI utprekSA meM saMbhAvanA kI jAtI hai| isa saMbandha meM eka prazna uThatA hai / nidarzanA kA vAraNa karane ke lie 'biMbAviziSTa' kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai,

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16 kuvalayAnandaH www viSayyupamAnabhUtaM padmAdi, viSayastadupameyabhUtaM varNanIyaM mukhAdi / viSayiNo rUpeNa viSayasya raJjanaM rUpakam ; anyarUpeNa rUpavattrakaraNAt / tacca kacitprasiddhaviSayyabhede paryatrasitaM kvacidbhede pratIyamAna eva tadIyadharmAropamAtre paryava - sitam / tatazca rUpakaM tAvadvividham- abhedarUpakaM, tAdrUpyarUpakaM ceti / dvi isakA yaha artha hai ki nidarzanA meM vitrapratibiMbabhAva hotA hai, rUpaka meM nahIM / para hama dekhate haiM ki biMbapratibiMbabhAva rUpaka meM bhI dekhA jAtA hai| paMDitarAja ne isI AdhAra para dIkSita kI citramImAMsAgata rUpaka paribhASA - jisake AdhAra para vaidyanAtha ne UparI lakSaNa banAyA hai - kA khaMDana kiyA hai / ve kahate haiM: yadapi rUpake biMbapratibiMbabhAvo nAstItyuktaM tadapi bhrAntyava / ( rasa0 pR0 302 ) paNDitarAja ne nimna padya jayadratha kI alaMkAra sarvasvavimarzinI se uddhRta kiyA hai, jahA~ jayadratha ne rUpaka meM biMbapratibiMvabhAva mAnA hai| : kaMdarpadvipakarNakambu malinairdAnAmbubhirlAnchitaM, saMlagnAJjanapuJjakAlimakalaM gaNDopadhAnaM rateH / vyomAno kaha puSpaguccha malibhiH saMchAdyamAnodaraM pazyaitat zazinaH sudhAsahacaraM bimbaM kalaGkAGkitam // yahA~ candrabiMba tathA usake kalaMka kramazaH kAmadeva ke hAthI kA karNastha zaMkha tathA madajala; rati ke gAla kA takiyA tathA kajjala kA cihna, evaM AkAzapuSpastavaka evaM bhramarasamUha tattat viSayI ke viSaya haiM / yahA~ inameM paraspara viMbapratibiMbabhAva pAyA jAtA hai / ataH spaSTa hai ki rUpaka meM kabhI kabhI - viSaya tathA viSayI meM viMbapratibiMbabhAva bhI ho sakatA hai / isa bAta ko dIkSita ke TIkAkAra gaMgAdhara vAjapeyI ne bhI svIkAra kiyA hai ki kabhI- kabhI rUpaka meM bhI biMbaprativibabhAva hotA hai| kiMtu appayadIkSita ne rUpaka ke lakSaNa meM biMvAviziSTa kA prayoga isaliye kiyA hai ki yahA~ nidarzanA kI taraha biMbavaiziSTaya ho hI yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai, sAtha hI hama dekhate haiM ki nidarzanA meM raJjana ( viSayIrUpeNa viSaya kA raJjana ) bhI nahIM pAyA jAtA, ataH jahA~ isa prakAra kA raJjana pAyA jAtA hai, vahA~ viMbapratibiMvabhAva ho bhI to rUpaka ho hI jAyagA / ataH paNDitarAja kA khaNDana vyartha hai / etena 'biMbaviziSTe nirdiSTe viSaye yadyanihnate / uparaJjakatAmeti viSayI rUpakaM tadA // ' iti citramImAMsAyAM granthakRduktaM lakSaNamapi biMbavaiziSTyaniyama rAhityagarbhatayA tAhagupAdhimavaghaTitatayA vA saMgamanIyam / anyathA uktadoSaprasaGgAt / ato rasagaMgAdharoktirnAda - rtavyeti dik / (rasikaraMjanI pR0 36 ) viSayI kA artha hai - upamAnabhUta padma, candra Adi se viSaya kA artha hai / upameyabhUta varNya viSaya jaise mukha Adi / jahA~ viSayI arthAt upamAna ke rUpa se viSaya arthAt upameya ko raMga diyA jAya, vahA~ rUpaka alaGkAra hotA hai / kyoMki yahA~ kisI anya padArtha ke rUpa se kisI padArtha kA rUpa banA diyA jAtA hai / (yahA~ 'raJjana' zabda kA prayoga gauNa artha meM pAyA jAtA hai, jaise lAla, pIle Adi raMga se raMgane para vastu ko anyathA kara diyA jAtA hai, vaise hI abheda tathA tAdrUSya ke kAraNa anya ( viSayI ) vastu ke dharma se dUsarI ( viSaya ) vastu bhI usake rUpa ko prApta kara letI hai / ) yaha viSaya kA viSayo ke rUpa meM raMga denA do prakAra kA hotA hai-kabhI to yaha prasiddha ( kaviparamparAgata) viSayI ( upamAna ) ke sAtha viSaya kA abheda sthApita karatA hai; kabhI viSayI tathA viSaya kA paraspara bheda vyaMgya hotA hai, tathA 'raa' kevala itanA hI hotA hai ki viSayI ke dharmoM kA viSaya para Aropa

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rUpakAlaGkAraH 17 dhamapi pratyekaM trividham / prasiddha viSayyAdhikyavarNanena tannyUnatvavarNanenAnubhayoktyA caivaM rUpakaM SaD vidham / 'ayaM hi ' ityAdisArdhazloke nA bhedarUpakANi, 'asyA mukhendunA' ityAdisArdhazlokena tAdrUpyarUpakANi, AdhikyanyUnatvAnu bhayoktyuddezakramaprAtilomyenodAhRtAni / 'yena dagdhA' iti vizeSaNena varNanIye rAjJi prasiddha zivAbhedAnuraJjanAcchivasya pUrvAvasthAto varNanIyarAjabhAvAvasthAyAM nyUnatvAdhikyayoravarNanAccAnubhayA bhedarUpakamAdyam / tRtIyalocanaprahANoktyA pUrvAvasthAto nyUnatApradarzanAnnyUnA bhedarUpakaM dvitIyam / nyUnatvavarNanamapyabhedadADhapAdakatvAzca matkAri / viSamadRSTitva parityAgena jagadrakSakatvoktyA zivasya pUrvAvasthAto varNanIyarAja bhAvAvasthAyAmutkarSavibhAvanAdadhikA bhedarUpakaM tRtIyam / evamuttareSu tAdrUpyarUpakodAharaNeSvapi krameNAnubhayanyUnAdhikabhAvA unneyAH / anenaiva krameNodAharaNAntarANi - candrajyotsnA vizadapuline saikate'smiJcharavA vAdyUtaM cirataramabhUtsiddhayUnoH kayozcit / ko vakti prathamanihataM kaiTabhaM, kaMsamanya kara diyA jAtA hai / isa prakAra sarvaprathama rUpaka do taraha kA hotA hai - abhedarUpaka, tathA tAdRSyarUpaka | ye donoM phira tIna-tIna taraha ke hote haiM / kaviparaMparAsiddha viSayI se viSaya ke Adhikya varNana se, usake nyUnatvavarNana se, tathA anubhayavarNana se, isa prakAra rUpaka chaH taraha kA hotA hai / 'ayaM hi' ityAdi Der3ha zloka ke dvArA abhedarUpaka ke tInoM bheda udAhRta kiye gaye haiM / 'asthA mukhendunA' ityAdi Der3ha zloka ke dvArA tAdrUpyarUpaka ke tInoM bhedoM ke udAharaNa diye gaye haiM / ina udAharaNoM meM prAtilomya (viparIta krama) se Adhikya, nyUnatva tathA anubhaya ukti ke udAharaNa diye gaye haiM, arthAt krama se pahale anubhaya ukti kA, tadanantara nyUnatva ukti kA, phira Adhikya uktikA udAharaNa hai / 'ayaM hi dhUrjaTiH' ityAdi zlokArdha meM 'yena dagdhAH' isa vizeSaNa ke dvArA varNanIya (upameyabhUta) rAjA meM kaviprasiddha ziva kA abheda sthApita kara diyA gayA hai, aisA karane para ziva kI pUrvAvasthA ( upamAnAvasthA) tathA varNanIya rAjA bana jAne kI avasthA ( upameyAbasthA ) meM kisI nyUnatva yA Adhikya kA varNana nahIM kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha anubhaya koTi kA abhedarUpaka hai / dUsare lokArdha ('ayamAste vinA' Adi ) meM ziva ke tIsare netra kI rahitatA batAkara pahalI avasthA se isa upameyAvasthA kI nyUnatA batAI gaI hai, isalie yaha nyUnatva uki vAlA abhedarUpaka hai / yaha nyUnatvavarNana bhI viSayI tathA viSaya kI abhinnatA ko Dha karatA hai, ataH camatkArotpAdaka hai / tIsare zlokArdha ( 'zambhuvizva' ityAdi) meM ziva ne viSama dRSTi chor3a dI hai tathA ve vizva ke rakSaka haiM isa ukti ke dvArA ziva kI pUrvAvasthA se varNanIya rAjA bana jAne kI avasthA meM utkRSTatA batAI gaI hai, ataH yahA~ Adhikya-ukti vAlA abhedarUpaka hai / isI prakAra bAkI tIna lokAdha meM tAdrUpyarUpaka kI anubhaya, nyUnatva tathA Adhikya kI uktiyA~ kramazaH dekhI jA sakatI haiN| isI krama se aura udAharaNa diye jA rahe haiM / koI kavi kisI rAjA kI prazaMsA meM use svayaM bhagavAn viSNu kA avatAra batAtA kaha rahA hai: - 'he rAjan, sarayU nadI ke candramA kI jyotsnA ke samAna zveta isa retIle taTa para kinhIM do yuvaka siddhoM meM bar3I dera taka vivAda hotA rahA / unameM se eka kahatA 2 kuva0

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kuvalayAnandaH stattvaM sa tvaM kathaya bhagavan ! ko hatastatra pUrvam / / atra 'sa tvam' ityanena yaH kaMsakaiTabhayorhantA garuDadhvajastattAdAtmyaM varNanIyasya rAjJaH pratipAdya taM prati kaMsakaiTabhavadhayoH paurvAparyapraznavyAjena tattAdAtmya. dADharthakaraNAtpUrvAvasthAta utkarSApakarSayoravibhAvanAccAnubhayAbhedarUpakam / vedhA dvedhA bhramaM cakre kAntAsu kanakeSu ca / tAsu teSvapyanAsaktaH sAkSAdbhargo narAkRtiH / / ___ atra sAkSAditi vizeSaNena viraktasya prasiddhazivatAdAtmyamupadarya narAkRtiriti divyamUrtivaikalyapratipAdanAnnyUnAbhedarUpakam | tvayyAgate kimiti vepata eSa sindhustvaM setumanthakRdataH kimasau bibheti / dIpAntare'pi na hi te'styavazaMvado'dya tvA rAjapuGgava ! niSevata eva lakSmIH / / thA ki viSNu ne pahale kaiTabha daitya ko mArA thA, dUsarA kahatA thA ki viSNu ne pahale kaMsa ko mArA thaa| batAiye, ina virodhI matoM meM kauna sA mata saca hai, kauna sA daitya (Apane) pahale mArA thaa| yahA~ 'sa tvam' isa padadvaya ke dvArA kaMsa tathA kaiTabha ke mArane vAle bhagavAn viSNu kA varNanIya rAjA ke sAtha tAdAtmya batAkara usase yaha pUchanA ki usane kaMsa tathA kaiTabha meM se pahale kise mArA, usa tAdAtmya ko aura dRDha kara detA hai, isa ukti meM pUrvAvasthA (viSNurUpa avasthA) se rAjAvasthA ke utkRSTa yA apakRSTa na batAne ke kAraNa yaha anubhaya koTi kA abhedarUpaka hai| nyUnatvamaya ukti vAle abhedarUpaka kA udAharaNa nimna hai : 'brahmA jI ne striyoM meM tathA suvarNa meM do prakAra kA bhrama utpanna kiyA; kintu manuSya ke rUpa meM sthita yaha (virakta muni ke rUpa meM sthita ) sAkSAt mahAdeva una striyoM tathA suvarNa-rAzi meM Asakta nahIM hai| ___ yahA~ 'sAkSAt' zabda ke prayoga se virakta muni tathA ziva ke tAdAtmya ko pradarzita kiyA gayA hai, para 'narAkRtiH' pada ke dvArA yaha ziva divyamUrtidhArI nahIM haiM, isa prakAra divyamUrti kI rahitatA batAkara nyUnatA ghotita kI gaI hai| yaha nyUnatva-ukti vAlA abhedarUpaka hai| adhikAbhedarUpaka kA udAharaNa nimna hai : koI kavi kisI rAjA kI stuti kara rahA hai| he rAjan , tumhAre samudra taTa para jAne para yaha samudra kyoM kaoNpatA hai| tuma isa samudra meM setu bAMdhane vAle tathA isakA maMthana karane vAle (viSNu) ho, aisA samajha kara yaha kyoM Dara rahA hai ? tumheM setu bA~dhakara kisI anya dvIpa ko jItane kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, kyoMki anya dvIpoM meM bhI koI (rAjA) aisA nahIM hai, jo tumhArA vazavartI na ho, sAtha hI tumheM samudra kA maMthana karane kI bhI jarUrata nahIM hai, kyoMki tumhArI sevA meM lacamI pahale se hI vidyamAna hai| viSNu ne rAmAvatAra meM laGkA ko vaza karane ke lie samudra kA setubandhana kiyA thA, tathA lacamI ko prApta karane ke lie samudramaMthana kiyA thaa| para tumhArI ye donoM icchAe~ pUrNa haiM, ataH SNurUpa meM sthita tumase samudra kA DaranA vyartha hai|

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rUpakAlaGkAraH 16 www atra 'tvaM setumanthakRt' iti setormanthanasya ca kartrA puruSottamena saha varNanIyasya tAdAtmyamuktvA tathApi tvadAgamanaM setubandhAya vA manthanAya veti samudreNa na bhetavyam | dvIpAntarANAmapi tvadvazaMvadatvena pUrvavadvIpAntare jetavyAbhAvAt prAptalakSmIkatvena manthanaprasaktyabhAvAcceti pUrvAvasthAta utkarSavibhAvanAdadhikAbhedarUpakam | kiM padmasya ruciM na hanti nayanAnandaM vidhatte na kiM vRddhi vA jhaSaketanasya kurute nAlokamAtreNa kim | vaktrendau tava satyayaM yadaparaH zItAMzurujjRmbhate darpaH syAdamRtena cediha tadapyastyeva bimbAdhare // atra 'aparaH zItAMzuH' ityanena vaktrendoH prasiddhacandrAdbhedamAviSkRtya tasya ca prasiddhacandrakAryakAritvamAtrapratipAdanenotkarSApakarSayora pradarzanAdanubhayatAdrUpya rUpakam / yahA~ 'tuma setumanthakRt ho' isa ukti ke dvArA kavi ne setubandhana tathA samudramaMthana karanevAle puruSottama bhagavAn viSNu ke sAtha varNanIya rAjA kA tAdAtmya varNita kiyA hai / itanA hote hue bhI kavi ne, samudra ko tumase Darane kI koI jarUrata nahIM, kyoMki tumhArA Agamana setubandhana yA samudramaMthana ke lie nahIM huA hai-isa ukti kA bhI vidhAna kiyA hai / isa ukti ke samarthana ke lie kavi ne do hetu diye haiM, prathama to isa rAjA ke lie koI bhI anya dvIpa avazaMvada nahIM hai, jaba ki pahalI avasthA ( rAmAvasthA ) meM viSNu ke lie dvIpAntara ( laMkA) jItane ko bAkI thA, yahA~ isa nayI avasthA meM kisI anyadeza ko jItanA bAkI nahIM hai, sAtha hI isa naI avasthA meM ( rAjarUpa ) viSNu ne lakSmI ko bhI prApta kara rakhA hai, ataH samudramaMthana ke prati unakA vyasta honA bhI anAvazyaka hai, isalie yahA~ bhI pUrvAvasthA se utkarSatA pAI jAtI hai| isa udAharaNa meM rAjarUpa viSNu kI naI avasthA meM kevala viSNurUpa parvAvasthA se utkarSa batAyA gayA hai, ataH yaha adhikAbheda rUpaka kA udAharaNa hai / abhedarUpaka ke tInoM bhedoM ke bAda aba tAdrUpyarUpaka ke tInoM bhedoM ko lete haiM / koI kavi nAyikA ke mukhacandra kI zobhA kA varNana kara rahA hai / he sundari, tumhAre mukhacandra ke hote hue yaha dUsarA candramA ( zItAMzu ) prakAzita hotA hai, to kyA yaha kamala kI zobhA kA apaharaNa nahIM karatA, kyA yaha netroM ko Anandita nahIM karatA, kyA yaha dekhane bhara se kAmadeva ( candrapakSa meM, samudra - jhaSaketana ) kI vRddhi nahIM karatA ? yadi candramA ko amRta kA ghamaNDa ho, to vaha bhI isa mukharUpI candramA ke bimba ke samAna adharoSTha meM vidyamAna hai hI / yahA~ 'aparaH zItAMzuH' isa ukti ke dvArA prasiddha candra se mukhacandra kA bheda batAkara usameM kevala prasiddha candra ke guNoM kA hI pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / isa ukti meM viSaya (mukha) kAviSayI (candra) se na to utkarSa hI batAyA gayA hai, na apakarSa ho, isalie anubhavatAdrUSyarUpaka kA udAharaNa hai / ( isa padya meM 'jhaSaketanasya' meM zleSa hai, jo samudra evaM kAmadeva kA abhedAdhyavasAya sthApita karatA hai, 'biMbAdhara' meM upamA hai| isa prakAra yaha atizayokti tathA upamA donoM rUpaka ke aMga haiM, ataH yahA~ aMgAMgibhAva saGkara hai| )

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20 kuvalayAnandaH paraxxxamaramanarmarriornmaraxaraww.ameram acaturvadano brahmA dvibAhuraparo hariH abhAlalocanaH zaMbhubhegavAnbAdarAyaNaH / / atra haryAdau 'apara' iti vizeSaNAtriSvapi tAdrUpyamAtravivakSA vibhAvitA, caturvadanatvAdivaikalyaM coktamiti nyUnatAdrUpyarUpakam / idaM vizeSoktyudAharaNamiti vAmanamatam / yadAha ( kAvyA0 sU0 4 / 3 / 23 )-'ekaguNahAnikalpanAyAM guNasAmyadADhartha vizeSoktiH' iti / kimasubhirlapitairjaDa ! manyase mayi nimajjatu bhImasutAmanaH / mama kila pratimAha tadarthikAM nalamukhenduparAM vibudhaH smaraH / / (nai0 4 / 52) atra damayantIkRtacandropAlambhe prasiddhacandro na niryANakAlikamanaH pravezanyUnatApyarUpaka kA udAharaNa nimna hai:'bhagavAn vyAsa binA cAra muMha vAle brahmA, do hAtha vAle dUsare viSNu, tathA binA lalATane vAle ziva haiN|' ____ yahA~ nyAsa viSaya (upameya) haiM, brahmA, viSNu tathA ziva viSayI (upmaan)| isa ukti meM viSNu Adi ke sAtha 'aparaH' (dUsare) yaha vizeSaNa diyA gayA hai, jisase inake sAtha viSaya kI kevala tAdRpyavivakSA kavi ko abhISTa hai| isa padya meM kavi ne tattat viSayI ke sAtha caturvadanarahitatA Adi nyUnatA kA saMketa kiyA hai, ataH yaha nyUnatA drupyarUpaka kA udAharaNa hai / kAmyAlaMkArasUtrakAra vAmana ke matAnusAra isa padya meM vizeSokti alaMkAra pAyA jAtA hai| jaisA ki kAvyAlaGkArasUtra (sU0 43323) meM kahA gayA haiH-jahA~ kisI eka guNa kI hAni kI kalpanA meM (zeSa guNoM ke AdhAra para) do vastuoM ke guNasAbhya ko puSTa kiyA jAya, vahA~ vizeSokti hotI hai| (appaya dIkSita ko vAmana kA mata sammata nahIM jAna par3atA hai| vAmana ke matAnusAra yahA~ vizeSokti isalie hai ki tattat viSayI kA eka guNa caturvadanatvAdi viSaya meM nahIM pAyA jAtA, kintu phira bhI anya guNoM ke AdhAra para brahmA, viSNu, tathA ziva ke sAtha vyAsa kI samAnatA ko dRr3ha kiyA gayA hai / appaya dIkSita ise rUpaka hI mAnate haiM, kyoMki yahA~ jisa nyUnatA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, vaha rUpaka ke DhaMga para camatkArotpatti kara rahI hai, ataH ise alaga se alaGgAra (vizeSokti) mAnanA ThIka nhiiN|) / aba prasaMgaprApta adhikatAdrapyarUpaka kA udAharaNa dete haiM: yaha padya zrIharSa ke naiSadhIyacarita ke caturtha sarga se uddhata hai| damayantI candramA kI bhartsanA karatI kaha rahI hai:-he mUrkha (zItala, jar3a) candramA, tU mujhe kyoM satA rahA hai kyA tU yaha samajha rahA hai ki damayantI ke prANoM ke naSTa hone se isakAmana tujha meM jAkara lIna ho jaayegaa| (eka vaidika ukti ke anusAra marane vAle vyakti kA mana candramA meM jAkara lIna hotA hai|) para tU mUrkha jo ThaharA, tujhe usa vaidika maMtra ke vAstavika artha kA patA kyA ? are mujhe to paNDita kAmadeva ne usa vaidika maMtra (zruti) kA vAstavika artha kucha aura hI batAyA hai, usakI vyAkhyA ke anusAra usa maMtra kA artha tujhase saMbaddha na hokara nala ke mukharUpI candramA se sambaddha hai| ataH mere marane para merA mana tujhameM lIna hogA, yaha na samajhanA, vaha nala ke mukhacandra meM lIna hogaa| yahA~ damayantI ke dvArA candramA kI bhartsanA kI jA rahI hai| isa candropAlambhamaya ukti meM batAyA gayA hai ki marane ke samaya candramA meM mana ke praveza karane se sambaddha vaidika

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rUpakAlaGkAraH www.w zrutitAtpayaviSayaH, kiMtu nalamukhacandra eveti tato'syAdhikyapratipAdanAdadhikatAdrUvyarUpakam / rUpakasya sAvayavatvaniravayavatvAdibhedaprapaJcanaM tu citramImAMsAyAM draSTavyam / / 17-20 / / 21 mantra kA tAtparya prasiddha candra meM na hokara nalamukha candra meM hI hai / isa prakAra nalamukhacandra prasiddha candra se utkRSTa batAyA gayA hai| yaha adhikatAdrUpyarUpaka kA udAharaNa hai / rUpaka ke sAvayava, niravayana, paramparita Adi bhI bheda hote haiM, inakA vistAra citramImAMsA meM dekhA jA sakatA hai / TippaNI- rUpaka ke anya prakAra se ATha bheda hote haiN| sAvayava rUpaka ke do bheda hote haiM:1. samastavastuviSaya, tathA 2. ekadezavivartirUpaka / niravayava rUpaka ke bhI do bheda hote hai:3. kevala niravayava rUpaka, tathA 4 mAlA niravayava rUpaka / paramparita rUpaka ke prathamataH zliSTa tathA azliSTa tadanantara donoM bhedoM ke kevala tathA mAlA vAle do-do bheda hote haiM: - 5. kevala zliSTaparamparita, 6. mAlAzliSTa paramparita, 7. kevala azliSTa paramparita, tathA 8 mAlA azliSTa paramparita / inake candrikAkAra ne kramazaH ye udAharaNa diye haiM: 1. samasta vastuviSayasAvayavaH jyotsnAbhasmacchuraNadhavalA bibhratI tArakAsthInyantardhAnavyasana rasikA rAtrikApAlikIyam / dvapAdvIpaM bhramati dadhatI candramudrAGkapAle nyastaM siddhAMjanaparimalaM lAJchanasyacchalena // yahA~ 'kApAlikI' ke dharma kA Aropa 'rAtri' para kiyA gayA hai, sAtha hI usake avayava 'bhasmAdi' ke dharma kA Aropa rAtri ke avayava 'jyotsnAdi' para kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha samasta vastuviSayasAvayava rUpaka hai / 2. ekadezavivartisAvayavarUpakaH prauDhamauktikarucaH payomucAM bindavaH kuTajapuSpabandhavaH / vidyutAM nabhasi nATyamaNDale kurvate sma kusumAMjalizriyam / yahA~ 'AkAza' para 'nATyamaNDalatva' kA Aropa kiyA gayA hai, isake dvArA 'bijaliyoM' para nartakItva kA Aropa zrauta na hokara Artha hai, ataH ekadeza meM hone ke kAraNa yaha ekadezavivartI hai / 3. kevala niravayavarUpakaH kuraMgIvAMgAni stimitayati gItadhvaniSu yat, sakha kAntodantaM zrutamapi punaH praznayati yat / anidraM yaccAntaH svapiti tadaho vedsyabhinavAM pravRtto'syAH sektuM hRdi manasijaH kAmalatikAm // yahA~ rUpaka kevala 'premalatikA' meM hI hai, jahA~ prema para latAtva kA Aropa kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha amAlA ( kevala ) niravayava rUpaka hai / 4. mAlAniravayavarUpakaH saundaryasya taraGgiNI kAnteH kArmaNakarma vidyA vakragirAM taruNimotkarSasya harSodramaH narmarahasA mulAsa nAvAsabhUH / vidheranadhiprAvINya sAkSAtkriyA dANAH paJcazilImukhasya lalanAcUDAmaNiH sA priyA // yahA~ 'priyA' para tattat viSayI padArthoM kA Aropa hai, ataH yaha niravayava mAlA rUpaka hai /

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kuvalayAnandaH 22 exaaaaaaaaaaa pa riNAmAlaGkAraH pariNAmaH kriyArthazcedviSayI viSayAtmanA / prasannena dRgabjena vIkSate madirekSaNA // 21 // 5. kevalarilaSTaparamparitaH alaukikmhaalokprkaashitjgttryH| stUyate deva, sadvaMzamukAratnaM na kairbhavAn // yahAM 'sadvaMzamuktAratna' meM kevalazliSTaparamparita rUpaka hai| yahAM sadvaMza ke do artha haiM eka acchA bA~sa, dUsarA ucca kula / 6. mAlAzliSTaparamparitaH vidvanmAnasahaMsavairikamalAsaMkocadIptadyate, durgAmArgaNanIlalohita samitsvIkAravaizvAnara / satyaprItividhAnadakSa vijayaprAgbhAvabhIma prabho sAmrAjyaM varavIra vatsarazataM vairizcamucaiH kriyaaH|| ___ yahAM rAjA (viSaya ) para haMsAdi tattat viSayI padArthoM kA Aropa pAyA jAtA hai, isameM 'mAnasa (mana) hI mAnasa (mAnasarovara ) hai| isa prakAra tattat padoM meM zleSa kA AdhAra pAyA jAtA hai| 7. azliSTakevalaparamparitaH'caturdazalokavanikandaH' ( isa vAkya meM rAjA para kanda kA tathA loka para 'latA' kA Aropa kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha paramparita hai, yaha zuddha tathA azliSTa donoM hai / 8. azliSTamAlAparamparitaH paryako rAjalacamyA haritamaNimayaH pauruSAbdhestaraMgo bhagrapratyarthivaMzolvaNavijayakaristyAnadAnAmbupaTTaH / saMgrAmatrAsatAmyanmuralapatiyazohaMsanIlAmbuvAhaH khaDgaH camAsauvidallaH samiti vijayate mAlavAkhaNDalasya // yaha mAlArUpaka kA udAharaNa hai yahAM mAlavanareza ke khaDaga para rAjalakSmIparyakatva, pauruSAdhitaraGgatva, vijayahastidAnAmbupaTTatva, muralarAja ke yazarUpI haMsa ke lie bAdala isa prakAra vyazohaMsameghatva, tathA pRthivI ke kaMcukitva kA Aropa pAyA jAtA hai, ataH eka viSaya para aneka viSayI kA Aropa hai| 6 pariNAma alaGkAra' 21-'jahAM viSayI (upamAna) viSaya ke svarUpa ko grahaNa kara kisI prakRta kArya kA upayogI ho sake, vahAM pariNAma alaMkAra hotA hai, jaise, mAdakanetroM vAlI nAyikA prasanna netrakamaloM se dekhatI hai| ___ yahAM yadyapi 'dRka' (viSaya) para 'abja' (viSayI) kA Aropa kara diyA gayA hai, tathA 'prasanna' rUpa sAmAnyadharma kA prayoga bhI kiyA gayA hai, kiMtu 'vIkSaNa' kriyA (dekhanA) kamala ke dvArA nahIM ho sakatI, ataH prakRta kArya (vIkSaNa) meM viSayI (kamala) tabhI upayogI ho sakatA hai, jaba vaha svayaM viSaya (netra) ke rUpa meM pariNata ho / isalie yahAM pariNAma alara hai|

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pariNAmAlaGkAraH dAharaNam yatrAropyamANo viSayI kiMcitkAryopayogitvena nibadhyamAnaH svatastasya tadupayogitvAsaMbhavAtprakRtAtmanA pariNatimapekSate tatra pariNAmAlaGkAraH / atro - prasanneti / atra hi abjasya vIkSaNopayogitvaM nibadhyate, na tu dRzaH / mayUravyaMsakAdisamAsenottarapadArthaprAdhAnyAt / na copamitasamAsAzrayaNena gajamiveti pUrvapadArtha prAdhAnyamastIti vAcyam / prasanneti sAmAnyadharmaprayogAt / ' upamitaM vyAghrAdibhiH sAmAnyAprayoge' ( pA0 2 / 1 / 56 ) iti tadaprayoga evopamitasamAsAnuzAsanAt | abjasya vIkSaNopayogitvaM na svAtmanA saMbhavati / atastasya prakRtadyagAtmanA pariNatyapekSaNAt pariNAmAlaGkAraH / yathA vA tIrtvA bhUteza maulisrajamamaradhunImAtmanAsau tRtIya stasmai saumitrimaitrImayamupakRtavAnAtaraM nAvikAya | vyAmagrAhyastanIbhiH zabarayuvatibhiH kautukodacadakSaM kRcchrAdanvIyamAnaH kSaNamacalamatho citrakUTaM pratasthe // 23 jisa sthala meM AropyamANa arthAt viSayI ( candrakamalAdi ) kAvya meM kisI kAryavizeSa ke lie prayukta kiyA gayA ho, kintu vaha viSayI svayaM usa kArya ke upayoga meM samartha nahIM ho pAye aura usa kArya ke samartha hone ke lie vaha prakRta (viSaya) ke svarUpa ko dhAraNa karane kI apekSA rakhatA ho, vahA~ pariNAma alaMkAra hotA hai| isakA udAharaNa 'prasannena' ityAdi zlokArdha se upanyasta kiyA gayA hai| isa zlokArdha ke 'hagabja' pada ko vIkSaNa kriyA kA upayogI mAnA gayA hai, yahA~ uttara pada 'abja' kI pradhAnatA hai, jo vIkSaNakriyA se sambaddha hotA hai, pUrvapada 'haka' nhiiN| kyoMki yahA~ 'mayUravyaMsakAdi' samAsa ke anusAra uttara padArtha kI pradhAnatA hai| saMbhavataH pUrvapakSI isa sambandha meM yaha zaMkA kare ki yahA~ upamA alaMkAra kyoM na mAnA jAya, kyoMki 'haka abjamiva' (netra, kamala ke samAna ) isa taraha vigraha karake upamita samAsa mAnA jA sakatA hai, tathA isa saraNi kA Azraya lene para yahA~ pUrva padArtha (haka) kA prAdhAnya ho / isa zaMkA kA uThAnA ThIka nhiiN| kyoMki upamita samAsa vahIM ho sakatA hai, jahA~ koI sAmAnya dharma prayukta na huA ho| isa padya meM 'prasanna' isa sAmAnya dharma kA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai / pANinisUtra 'upamitaM vyAghrAdibhiH sAmAnyAprayoge' ke anusAra sAmAnya dharma kA prayoga na hone para hI upamitasamAsa kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| ataH yahA~ mayUravyaMsakAdi samAsa hI mAnanA pdd'egaa| aba 'abja' ( uttara padArtha ) kI pradhAnatA hone para bhI, vaha svayaM ( svarUpa se ) darzanakriyA meM upagogI nahIM ho sktaa| isalie usako prakRta (haka) ke rUpa meM pariNata honA apekSita hai, ataH yahA~ pariNAma alaMkAra hai / Upara kA udAharaNa samAsagata hai, aba samAsabhinna sthala se pariNAma kA udAharaNa dete haiM .:: : apane Apa tIsare ( arthAt sItA evaM lakSmaNa ina do vyaktiyoM se yukta ) ina rAmacandra ne zivajI ke mastaka kI mAlA devanadI gaMgA ko pAra kara, usa kevaTa ke lie lakSmaNa ke mitratArUpI kirAye (taraNamUlya - Atara) ko dekara usakA upakAra kiyA / isake bAda ve kucha dera taka bhIloM kI yuvatiyoM ke dvArA - jinake atipuSTa stana Ter3he phailAye hue

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24 kuvalayAnandaH atrAropyamANa AtaraH saumitrimaitrIrUpatApattyA guhopakAralakSaNakAryopayogI na svAtmanA, guhasya raghunAthaprasAdekArthitvena vetanArthitvAbhAvAt / / 21 / / 7 ullekhAlaGkAraH bahubhirbahudhollekhAdekasyollekha iSyate / strIbhiH kAmo'rthibhiH svarddhaH kAlaH zatrubhiraikSi saH // 22 // yatra nAnAvidhadharmayogyekaM vastu tattaddharmayogarUpanimittabhedenAnekena grahI. trAnekadholikhyate tatrollekhaH / anekadhollekhane rucyarthitvabhayAdikaM yathArha prayojakam / rucirabhiratiH / arthitvaM lipsA | 'strIbhiH' ityAdhudAharaNam atraika eva rAjA saundaryavitaraNaparAkramazAlIti kRtvA strIbhirarthibhiH pratyarthibhizca rucyathitvabhayaiH kAmakalpatarukAlarUpo dRSTaH / yathA vA hArthoM ke antarAla (vyAma ) meM grahaNa karane yogya haiM-kutUhala se vikasita netroM se bar3I dera taka anugata hokara citrakUTa parvata kI ora ravAnA ho gye| isa udAharaNa meM AropyamAga Atara hai, Aropita saumitrimaitrii| ataH saumitrimaitrI para Atara kA Aropa kiyA gayA hai, kiMtu kirAyA (Atara ) saumitrimaitrI ke svarUpa ko dhAraNa karake hI kevaTa ke upakArarUpa kArya meM upayogI ho sakatA hai, kyoMki kevaTa to kevala rAmacandra kI kRpA kA hI icchuka thA, kirAye kA icchuka nhiiN| ataH Atara (viSayI) ke saumitrimaitrI (viSaya) rUpa meM pariNata hokara prakRtakriyopayogI hone ke kAraNa yahA~ pariNAma alaMkAra hai| 7 ullekha alaGkAra __22-jahA~ eka hI vastu kA aneka vyaktiyoM ke saMbandha meM bhinna-bhinna prakAra se varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ ullekha alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, usa rAjA ko triyoM ne kAmadeva ke rUpa meM, yAcakoM ne kalpavRkSa ke rUpa meM tathA zatruoM ne kAla ke rUpa meM dekhaa| yahA~ eka hI viSaya (upameya) arthAt rAjA tattat vyakti syAdi ke saMbaMdha meM aneka prakAra se varNita kiyA gayA hai, ataH ullekha alaMkAra hai| jahA~ nAnA prakAra ke dharmoM se yukta koI eka padArtha (varNya viSaya) tattat dharma ke yoga ke kAraNa aneka vyaktiyoM ke saMbaMdha meM aneka prakAra se varNita kiyA jAya, vahA~ ullekha alaMkAra hotA hai| aneka prakAra ke isa ullekha meM prema (ruci), dhanecchA (arthitva) tathA bhaya Adi tattat nimitta tattat kAmadevAdi viSayI ke sAtha prayojaka haiM / ruci zabda kA artha hai abhirati / arthitva zabda kA artha hai lipsaa| uparyukta kArikA meM 'strIbhiH' ityAdi kArikArdha ullekha alaMkAra kA udAharaNa hai| yahA~ eka hI viSaya (rAjA) saundarya, vitaraNazIlatA ( dAnazIlatA) tathA parAkrama tInoM dharmoM se yukta hai, isalie striyoM ko abhiruci ke kAraNa vaha kAmadeva dikhAI diyA, yAcakoM ko lipsA ke kAraNa kalpavRtta, tathA zatruoM ko bhaya ke kAraNa yamarAja / isa prakAra yahA~ eka hI vastu kA bhinna-bhinna vyaktiyoM ke saMbandha se anekazaH ullekha hone ke kAraNa ullekha alaMkAra hai / athavA, jaise isa dUsare udAharaNa meM

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ullekhAlaGkAraH 25 gajatrAteti vRddhAbhiH zrIkAnta iti yauvataiH / / yathAsthitazca bAlAbhidRSTaH zauriH sakautukam // atra yastathA bhItaM bhaktaM gajaM tvarayA trAyate sma so'yamAdipuruSottama iti vRddhAbhiH saMsArabhItyA tadabhayArthinIbhiH kRSNo'yaM mathurApuraM pravizan dRSTaH / yastathA cazcalatvena prasiddhAyAH zriyo'pi kAmopacAravaidagdhyena nityaM vallabhaH so'yaM divyayuveti yuvatisamUhaiH sotkaNThaidRSTaH / bAlAbhistu tadvAhyagatarUpaveSAlaGkAradarzanamAtralAlasAbhiryathAsthitaveSAdiyukto dRSTa iti bahudhollekhaH / pUrvaH kAmatvAdyAroparUpakasaMkIrNaH / ayaM tu zuddha iti bhedaH // 22 // ekena bahudhollekhe'pyasau vissybhedtH| gururvacasyarjuno'yaM kIauM bhISmaH zarAsane // 23 // __ grahItRbhedAbhAve'pi viSayabhedAdvahudhollekhanAdasAvullekhaH / udAharaNaM zleSa. saMkIrNam / vacoviSaye mahAnpaTurityAdivabRhaspatirityAdyarthAntarasyApi kroDIkaraNAt / jaba kRSNa mathurA meM pahuMce, to bUDhI auratoM ne unheM kuvalayApIDa hAthI ko mArakara logoM kI rakSA karane vAlA (athavA grAha se gaja kI rakSA karane vAlA bhagavAn ) samajhA, yuvatI striyoM ne sAkSAt viSNu ke samAna sundara tathA AkarSaka samajhA, tathA bAlikAoM ne unheM bAlaka smjhaa| isa prakAra pratyeka strI ne kRSNa ko kutUhala se apane anurUpa dekhaa| yahA~ 'mathurA meM praveza karate kRSNa' ko saMsArabhaya se abhayaprArthinI vRddhAoM ne una sAkSAt puruSottama ke hI rUpa meM dekhA, jinhoMne bhayabhIta gaja kI grAha se rakSA kI thii| yuvatI ramaNiyoM ne unheM utkaNThApUrvaka svayaM divyayuvaka viSNu ke rUpa meM dekhA, jo caJcalatA ke kAraNa prasiddha lakSmI ko bhI kAmopacAra catura hone ke kAraNa bar3e priya haiM / bAlikAoM ne kRSNa ko yathAsthita rUpa meM hI dekhA, kyoMki unakI lAlasA kevala kRSNa ke bAhyarUpa veSa, alaMkAra Adi ke darzana hI meM thii| isa prakAra yahA~ kRSNa kA aneka prakAra se ullekha kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ bhI ullekha alaMkAra hai / 'strIbhiH'ityAdi udAharaNa tathA isa udAharaNa meM yaha bheda hai ki vaha rUpaka alaMkAra se saMkIrNa hai, vahA~ viSaya (rAjA) para kAmadevAdi viSayitraya ke dharma kA Aropa pAyA jAtA hai, jaba ki yaha zuddha ullekha kA udAharaNa hai| . 23-jahA~ eka hI vyakti aneka viSayoM kA (viSayabheda ke kAraNa) bahuta prakAra se varNana kare, vahA~ bhI ullekha hotA hai| yaha ullekha alaMkAra kA dUsarA bheda hai| yaha rAjA vANI meM guru (bRhaspati, mahAn paTu) hai, kIrti meM arjuna (kuntIputra arjuna ke samAna; zveta) hai, dhanurvidyA meM bhISma (zantanuputra bhISma, bhayaMkara hai) jahA~ viSaya kA grahItA eka hI ho, phira bhI viSaya ke bheda se unakA aneka prakAra se ullekha kiyA jAya, vahA~ ullekha alaMkAra hotA hai| uparyukta kArikAdha kA udAharaNa zleSasaMkIrNa hai, kyoMki guru, arjuna, bhISma ke do-do artha haiN| 'gururvacasi' meM vANI ke saMbaMdha meM 'mahAn paTu' isa artha kI bhA~ti 'bRhaspati' isa dvitIya artha kI bhI pratIti ho rahI hai| isI prakAra 'arjuna' tathA 'bhISma' ina zabdoM se bhI 'dhavala' tathA 'bhayaMkara' ina arthoM ke atirikta 'kuntIputra arjuna' tathA 'zAntanuputra bhISma' vAle artha kI bhI pratIti hotI hai|

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kubalayAnandaH zuddho yathA akRzaM kucayoH kRzaM vilagne vipulaM cakSuSi vistRtaM nitambe / adhare'ruNamAvirastu citte karuNAzAli kapAlibhAgadheyam // 23 // 8-10 smRti bhrAnti-saMdehAlaGkArAH syAtsmRtibhrAntisaMdehaistadaGkAlaGkRtitrayam / paGkajaM pazyataH kAntAmukhaM me gAhate manaH // 24 // ayaM pramattamadhupastvanmukhaM vetti paGkajam / paGkajaM vA sudhAMzurvetyasmAkaM tu na nirNayaH // 25 // ___ aba zuddha ullekha kA udAharaNa dete haiM, jahA~ kisI anya alaMkAra se saMkIrNatA nahIM pAI jaatii| koI bhakta devI pArvatI kI vaMdanA kara rahA hai| una khappara ko dhAraNa karane vAle kapAlI (daridrI) ziva kA vaha (apUrva) saubhAgya (pArvatI), jo karuNAmaya hai, tathA stanoM meM puSTa (akRza), madhyabhAga meM patalA (kRza), netroM meM laMbA (karNAntAyatalocana), nitaMbabiMba meM vizAla, tathA adhara meM (biMba ke samAna ) lAla hai, mere citta meM prakaTa hove| yahA~ pArvatI ke lie 'kapAlibhAgadheya' kahanA adhyavasAya hai| isameM atizayokti alaMkAra hai| pArvatI ke tattadaMgarUpa viSayoM kA (kRzatvAdirUpa) aneka prakAra se varNana karane ke kAraNa yahAM ullekha alaMkAra hai| 8-10 smRti, bhrAMti tathA sandeha 24-25-jahAM smRti, bhrAMti tathA saMdeha hoM, vahAM tattat alaMkAra hote haiM / (1) smRti jahAM kisI camatkArI sadRza vastu ko dekhakara pUrvaparicita vastu kA smaraNa ho, vahAM smRti alaMkAra hotA hai / (2) bhrAMti-jahAM kisI camatkArI sadRza vastu meM kisI vastu kI bhrAMti (mithyAjJAna)ho, jaise zukti meM rajata kA bhAna, vahAM bhrAMti alaMkAra hotA hai| (3)saMdeha-jahAM ( kavi apanI pratibhA ke dvArA) prakRta viSaya meM aprakRta viSayoM kI udbhAvanA kara, kisI nizcita jJAna para na pahu~ca pAye, jaise yaha 'zukti hai yA rajata' hai, vahAM saMdeha alaMkAra hotA hai| inhIM tInoM ke kramazaH tIna udAharaNa dete haiM : (1) smRti kA udAharaNa-kamala ko dekhate hue, merA mana priyA ke mukha kI yAda karane lagatA hai| (2) bhrAnti kA udAharaNa-yaha masta bhauMrA tere mukha ko kamala samajhatA hai| (3) saMdeha kA udAharaNa-yaha (kAMtAmukha) kamala hai yA candramA, isa prakAra hama kisI nizcita nirNaya para nahIM pahuMca paate| ___ ina udAharaNoM meM prathama udAharaNa meM priyA ke mukha ke sadRza kamala ko dekhakara priyA. mukha kI yAda ho AnA smRti hai, ataH yahAM smRti alaMkAra hai| dUsare udAharaNa meM masta bhIrA mukha tathA kamala ke sAdRzya ke kAraNa nAyikA ke mukha ko bhrAMti se kamala samajha rahA hai, ataH yaha bhrAMti alaMkAra hai| tIsare udAharaNa meM kAMtAmukha meM kamala aura candramA kA saMdeha ho rahA hai, tathA draSTA kI cittavRtti dolAyita ho rahI hai, ataH yaha sandeha alaMkAra hai|

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smRti-bhrAnti saMdehAlaGkArAH smRtibhrAntisaMdehaiH sAdRzyAnnibadhyamAnaiH smRtibhrAntimAnsaMdeha iti smRtyAdipadAGkitamalaGkAratrayaM bhavati / tacca krameNodAhRtam / yathA vA ( mAgha0 8 / 64 ) divyAnAmapi kRtavismayAM purastAda mbhastaH sphuradaravindacAruhastAm / udvIkSya zriyamiva kAJciduttarantI. masmArSIjjalanidhimanthanasya zauriH / / pUrvatra smRtimadudAharaNe sadRzasyaiva smRtiratra sadRzalakSmIsmRtipUrvaka tatsambandhino jalanidhimanthanasyApi smRtiriti bhedaH / palAzamukulabhrAntyA zukatuNDe patatyaliH / so'pi jambUphalabhrAntyA tamaliM dhartumicchati / / sAdRzya ke AdhAra para kAvya ke prakRta tathA aprakRta padArthoM meM smRti, bhrAMti yA saMdeha ke nibaddha karane para smRti, bhrAMtimAn tathA saMdeha nAmaka alaMkAra hote haiN| bhAva yaha hai jahA~ sAdRzya ke AdhAra para upamAna ko dekhakara upameya kA smaraNa ho vahA~ smRti alaMkAra hotA hai / jahA~ sAdRzya ke AdhAra para upameya meM bhrAMti se upamAna kA bhAna ho, vahA~ bhrAMti alaMkAra hotA hai / jahA~ sAdRzya ke AdhAra para upameya meM upamAnoM kI sattA kA saMdeha ho tathA yaha nizcaya na ho pAye ki yaha upameya hI hai, vahA~ saMdeha hotA hai inhIM ke kramazaH udAharaNa de rahe haiM: smRti kA udAharaNa: mAgha ke aSTama sarga kA jalakrIDA varNana hai| bhagavAn kRSNa ne jala se nikalatI huI lacamI ke samAna sundara kisI aisI ramaNI ko Age dekha kara jisakA sauMdarya devatAoM ko bhI Azcaryacakita kara dene vAlA thA, tathA jo caMcala kamala se suzobhita hAtha vAlI thIsamudramanthana kA smaraNa kiyaa| ____ isa padya meM do alaMkAra haiM, eka 'zriyamiva' isa sthala meM upamA. dUsarA 'asmArSIjalanidhimaMthanasya' isa sthala meM smRti / ina donoM alaMkAroM meM paraspara aGgAGgibhAva hai| yahA~ smRti alaMkAra aGgI hai, upamA usakA aGga / pUre kAvya meM inadonoM kA saMkara hai| - isa udAharaNa meM kArikAdha vAle smRti alaMkAra se kucha bheda pAyA jAtA hai| vahA~ kamala ko dekhakara priyAmukha kI yAda AtI hai, isa prakAra usa smRti ke udAharaNa meM sahaza vastu kA hI smaraNa hotA hai, jaba ki isa udAharaNa meM lakSmI ke samAna nAyikA ko jala se nikalate dekhakara kRSNa ko lakSmI ke samudra se nikalane kA smaraNa ho AtA hai, isa prakAra yahA~ nAyikA ke sadRza sundara lakSmI ke smaraNa ke dvArA usase saMbaddha jalanidhimaM. thana kI smRti ho AtI hai| prathama tatsadRza vastu kA smaraNa vAlA udAharaNa hai, dUsarA tatsadRza vastu saMbandhivastu kA smaraNa vAlA udAharaNa / yahA~ upamAnopameyabhAva uka nAyikA tathA lakSmI meM hai| bhrAMti kA udAharaNaH koI bhauMrA tote kI coMca ko palAza kI kalikA samajha kara usa para gira rahA hai, aura totA bhI bhauMre ko jAmuna kA phala samajha kara use pakar3anA cAhatA hai|

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kuvalayAnandaH atrAnyonyaviSayabhrAntinibandhanaH pUrvodAharaNAdvizeSaH / jIvanagrahaNe namrA gRhItvA punrunntaaH| kiM kaniSThAH kimu jyeSThA ghaTIyantrasya durjnaaH|| pUrvodAhRtasaMdehaH prasiddhakoTikaH, ayaMtu kalpitakoTika iti bhedH||24-2|| 11 apahRtyalaGkAraH zuddhApahnatiranyasyAropArthoM dharmanivaH / nAyaM sudhAMzuH, kiM tarhi ? vyomagaGgAsaroruham // 26 // varNanIye vastuni tatsadRzadharmAropaphalakastadIyadharmanihnavaH kavimativikAsotprekSitadharmAntarasyApi nihnavaH zuddhApahnutiH / yathA candre viyannadIpuNDarIkatvAropaphalakasta dIyadharmasya candratvasyApahnavaH / ___ yahA~ bhauMrA tote kI coMca ko bhrAMti se palAzamukula samajhatA hai aura totA bhauMre ko bhrAMti se jAmuna kA phala samajha rahA hai, ataH bhrAMti yA bhrAMtimAn alaMkAra hai| isa udAharaNa meM pahale vAle udAharaNa ('ayaM pramattamadhupaH' ityAdi) se yaha bheda hai ki yahA~ pratyeka viSaya (bhauMrA va totA) eka dUsare ke prati bhrAMti kA prayoga karate haiM, ataH yahA~ anyonyaviSayabhrAMti kA nibaMdhana kiyA gayA hai| saMdeha kA udAharaNa: duSTa loga jIvana ko lene meM namra ho jAte haiM tathA jIvana (prANa) lekara phira se uddhata ho jAte haiM (rahaTa bhI pAnI lete samaya jhuka jAtA hai aura pAnI lekara phira U~cA car3ha AtA hai)| durjana loga ghaTIyaMtra (rahaTa) se choTe haiM, yA bar3e haiN| __ yahA~ rahaTa se durjanoM ke kaniSTha yA jyeSTha hone ke saMbaMdha meM koI nizcita bAta na batAkara saMdeha varNita kiyA gayA hai, ataH saMdeha alaMkAra hai| saMdeha ke pahale udAharaNa tathA isa udAharaNa.meM yaha bheda hai ki pahale meM mukha ke viSaya meM 'kamala hai yA candramA' yaha kahanA prasiddha koTika saMdeha hai, jaba ki yahA~ durjana ke rahaTa se kaniSThatva yA jyeSThatva ke viSaya meM sasaMdeha honA kalpanA para Adhata hai, ataH yaha kalpitakoTika hai / bhAva yaha hai, prathama saMdeha kaviparamparA para Arata hai, dUsarA kavinibaddha prauDhokti para / kyoMki ghaTIyaMtra se bar3e choTe hone kI koI prasiddhi nahIM hai| 11 apahnati alaMkAra 26-apahnati alaMkAra kA prakaraNa upanyasta karate samaya sarvaprathama zuddhApahRti kA : lakSaNa dete haiN| ise hI jayadeva tathA anya AlaMkArika kevala apahnati kahate haiN| zuddhApati vaha alaMkAra hai, jahA~ aprakRta ke Aropa ke lie prakRta kA niSedha kiyA jAya arthAt jahA~ prakRta dharma kA gopana (niva) kara aprakRta kA usapara Aropa ho| (yahA~ yaha dhyAna meM rakhane kI bAta hai ki rUpaka meM bhI Aropa hotA hai, kiMtu vahA~ niSedha. pUrvaka Aropa nahIM hotA, ataH vaha bhinnakoTika alaMkAra hai|) jaise, yaha candramA nahIM hai, to phira kyA hai ? yaha to AkAzagaMgA meM khilA huA kamala hai| jahA~ varNanIya vastu meM tatsadRza aprakRta vastu ke dharma kA Aropa karane ke lie usake vAstavika dharma kA gopana kara diyA jAya athavA kavikalpanA ke dvArA utprekSita kisI ' anya dharma kA gopana kiyA jAya vahA~ zuddhApahati hotI hai| jaise uparyukta udAharaNa meM

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apahatyalaGkAraH yathA vA aGkaM ke'pi zazadire, jalanidheH pay pare menire, sAraGga katicicca saMjagadire, bhUcchAyamaicchan pare / indau yadalitendranIlazakalazyAmaM darIdRzyate tatsAndranizi pItamandhatamasaMkukSisthamAcakSmahe / / atrautprekSikadharmANAmapyapahnavaH parapakSatvopanyAsAdarthasiddhaH / / 26 / / sa eva yuktipUrvazceducyate hetvphutiH| nendustIbro na nizyarkaH, sindhoraurvo'yamutthitaH // 27 // atra candra eva tIvratva-naizatvayuktibhyAM candratvasUryatvApahavo vddvaanltvaaropaarthH| yathA vA manthAnabhUmidharamUlazilAsahasra____ saMghaTTanavraNakiNaH sphuratIndumadhye | chAyAmRgaH zazaka ityatipAmaroktiH steSAM kathaMcidapi tatra hi na prasaktiH // caMdra meM AkAzagaMgA ke kamala se sambaddha dharma AkAzagaMgAsaroruhatva kA Aropa karane ke liye candra ke vAstavika dharma candratva kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| ataH yahA~ apahRti kA zuddhAvAlA bheda hai / isI kA anya udAharaNa nimna hai:-. - kucha loga candramA ke kAle dhabbe ko kalaMka mAnate haiM, to kucha loga samudra kA kIcar3a, kucha use hirana batAte haiM, to kucha pRthvI kI chaayaa| TUTe hue indranIla maNi ke Tukar3e ke samAna jo kAlApana candramA meM dikhAI de rahA hai, vaha hamAre matAnusAra to candramA ke dvArA rAta meM pIyA huA saghana andhakAra hai, jo candramA ke peTa meM jama gayA hai| yahA~ padya ke pUrvArdha meM varNita tattat dharma kavikalpita haiM tathA unakA niSedha pAyA jAtA hai| kArikA ke uttarArdha vAle udAharaNa tathA imameM yaha bheda hai ki vahA~ kavi ne niSedha spaSTataH kiyA hai arthAt vahA~ zAbdI apahuti pAI jAtI hai, jaba ki yahA~ kavi ne tattat utprekSita dharma kA niSedha zabdataH nahIM kiyA hai, kevala una matoM ko anyasammata batAkara unakA arthasiddha niSedha kiyA hai / ataH yahA~ ArthI apahRti hai| 27-yahI zuddha apahRti jaba yuktipUrvaka ho, to vaha hetvapahnati kahalAtI hai| jaise koI virahiNI candramA kI jalana kA anubhava kara kaha rahI hai-yaha candramA to nahIM hai, kyoMki yaha tIvra (jalana karane vAlA) hai, yaha sUrya bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki rAta meM sUrya nahIM hotA; yaha to samudra kI baDavAgni jala rahI hai| yahA~ tIvratA tathA rAtrisaMbaddhatA ina do hetuoM ko dekara vAstavika candra ke saMbaMdha meM candratva tathA utprekSita sUryatva rUpa dharmoM kA niSedha isalie kiyA gayA hai ki usa para vaDavAnala kA Aropa ho sake, ataH yaha hetvapahuti hai| isakA dUsarA udAharaNa yaha hai: candramA meM jo kAlA dhabbA dikhAI detA hai, vaha mandarAcala parvata kI jar3a kI hajAroM . zilAoM se TakarAne se utpanna ghAva kA dhabbA hai| mUrkha loga ise pRthvI kI chAyA, mRga, zazaka Adi kahate haiM, bhalA candramA meM hirana aura kharagoza kahA~ se aaye|

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kuvalayAnandaH atra candramadhye manthanakAlikamandarazilAsaMghaTTanavaNakiNasyaiva chAyAdInAM saMbhavo nAstIti chAyAtvAdyapahnavaH pAmaravacanatvopanyAsenAviSkRtaH / / 27 / / anyatra tasyAropArthaH paryastApahnutistu sH| nAyaM sudhAMzuH, kiM tarhi ? sudhAMzuH preyasImukham // 28 // yatra kacidvastuni tadIyadharmanihnavaH, anyatra varNanIye vastuni tasya dharmasyAropArthaH sa paryastApahnatiH / yathA candre candratvanihnavo varNanIye mukhe tadAropArthaH / yathA vA hAlAhalo naiva viSaM, viSaM ramA, janAH paraM vyatyayamatra manvate | nipIya jAgarti sukhena taM zivaH, spRzanimAM muhyati nidrayA hariH / / pUrvodAharaNe hetUktirnAsti, atra tu sAstIti vizeSaH / tatazca pUrvApahnativadatrApi dvaividhyamapi draSTavyam / / 26 // ___ yahA~ pRthvI kI chAyA, hirana yA kharagoza vAle matoM ko pAmaravacana batAkara kavi ne chAyAdi kA niSedha kiyA hai, chAyAdi kI to vahA~ sambhAvanA hI nahIM ho sakatI tathA isa bAta kI puSTi kI hai ki candramA ke bIca meM jo kAlA dhabbA hai, vaha samudramanthana ke samaya maMdarAcala kI zilAoM se TakarAne se paidA hue ghAva kA cihna hI hai| 28-jahA~ vastu ke dharma kA niSedha kara sAtha hI sAtha usa dharma kA Aropa anya vastu para kiyA jAya, vahA~ paryastApahnati hotI hai| jaise yaha (dRzyamAna candramA) sudhAMzu nahIM hai| to phira sudhAMzu kauna hai ? sudhAMzu to priyA kA mukha hai| ___ yahA~ candramA (sudhAMzu) ke 'sudhAMzutva' dharma kA usameM niSedhakara usakA Aropa ramaNIvadana para kara diyA gayA hai, ataH yahA~ paryastApahnati hai| jahA~ kisI vastu ke andara usake dharma kA niSedha isa lie kiyA jAya ki anya varNya vastu para usakA Aropa ho sake use paryastApahRti kahate haiN| jaise candramA meM candratva kA niSedha varNya viSaya 'priyAmukha' meM usake Aropa karane ke lie kiyA gayA hai| __ isI kA dUsarA udAharaNa yaha hai: loga jahara ko jahara samajhate haiM / vastutaH hAlAhala (jahara) viSa nahIM hai, yadi koI jahara hai to vaha lakSmI hai / loga bhrAMti se yahA~ hAlAhala meM viSatva mAna baiThate haiN| bhagavAn zaMkara hAlAhala ko pIkara bhI jagate rahate haiM, ataH siddha hai ki usameM viSatva nahIM hai (nahIM to vaha unheM mohAviSTa karatA), jaba ki bhagavAn viSNu lakSmI kA sparza karate hI nIMda se mohita ho jAte haiM / ataH spaSTa hai ki viSatva lakSmI meM hI hai| paryastApahnati ke kArikAdha ke udAharaNa tathA isa udAharaNa meM yaha bheda hai ki usameM hetu kA upanyAsa nahIM kiyA gayA hai, jabaki yahA~ lakSmI para viSatva kA Aropa karane tathA hAlAhala meM viSatva kA niSedha karane kA hetu bhI diyA gayA hai| isa prakAra pahalI apahnati kI taraha yaha bhI nirhetuka tathA sahetuka do taraha kI ho jAtI hai| TippaNI-mammaTa tathA jagannAtha paNDitarAja paryastApahnati ko apahnati kA bheda nahIM mAnate / jagannAtha paNDitarAja ke mata se yaha rUpaka alaMkAra kA hI kSetra hai| ___atra 'cintyate-nAyamapahnaterbhedo vaktaM yuktaH, apahnatisAmAnyalakSaNAnAkrAntatvAt / ' tasmAt 'nAyaM sudhAMzuH kiM tarhi sudhAMzuH preyasImukham' ityatra dRDhAropaM rUpakameva bhavitumahati, naaphntiH| ( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 368-9)

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apahnatyalaGkAraH bhrAntApahnutiranyasya zaGkAyAM bhrAntivAraNe / tApaM karoti sotkampaM, jvaraH kiM 1 na, sakhi ! smaraH // 26 // atra tApaM karotIti smaravRttAnte kathite tasya jvarasAdhAraNyAjubuddhayA sakhyA 'jvaraH kim' iti pRSTe, 'na, sakhi ! smaraH' iti tattvoktyA bhrAntivAraNaM kRtam / yathA vAnAgarika ! samadhikonnatiriha mahiSaH ko'yamubhayataH pucchaH / nahi nahi karikalabho'yaM zuNDAdaNDo'yamasya na tu puccham / / - idaM saMbhavadbhrAntipUrvikAyAM bhrAntApahutAvudAharaNam / kalpitabhrAntipUrvA yathA jaTA neyaM veNIkRtakacakalApo na garalaM gale kastUrIyaM zirasi zazilekhA na kusumam / 29-jahA~ kisI vizeSa paristhiti meM kisI vyakti ko anya vastu kI zaMkA ho tathA usa zaMkA ko haTAne ke lie usakI bhrAMti kA vAraNa kiyA jAya, vahA~ bhrAntApahnati hotI hai| jaise (vaha) mere andara kampa ke sAtha tApa kara rahA hai| kyA jvara (tApa kara rahA hai)? nahIM, sakhi, kAmadeva (tApa kara rahA hai)| __ yahA~ tapa kara rahA hai' yaha kAmadevajanita pIDA kA varNana kisI virahiNI ke dvArA kiyA jA rahA hai, ise sunakara bholI sakhI tApakA kAraNa jvara samajha baiThatI hai kyoMki yaha jvara kI sthiti meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai, isalie vaha 'kyA jvara ?' aisA prazna pUcha baiThatI hai, ise sunakara virahiNI usakI bhrAMti kA nivAraNa karatI huI tathya kA prakAzana karatI kahatI hai 'nahIM sakhi, kAmadeva' / isa prakAra yahA~ tatvokti ke dvArA bhrAMti kA vAraNa karane ke kAraNa bhrAMtApahnati alaMkAra hai| isI kA dUsarA udAharaNa nimna hai: koI ga~vAra jisane kabhI hAthI nahIM dekhA hai hAthI ko dekhakara kisI nAgarika se kahatA hai-'he nAgarika, yaha bhaiMsA dUsare bhaiMsoM se adhika U~cA hai, para isake donoM ora kauna sI pUMcha hai ?' ise sunakara nAgarika uttara detA hai-'nahIM yaha bhaiMsA nahIM hai, yaha to hAthI kA baccA hai, yaha isakI sUMDa hai, pUMcha nahIM hai|' - pahale udAharaNa tathA isa udAharaNa meM yaha bheda hai ki usameM saMdeharUpa bhrAMti ke viSaya jvara kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai, yahA~ dehAtI ko 'mahiSatva' kA nizcaya ho cukA hai ataH yahA~ nizcita bhrAMti kA nivAraNa kara tatvokti (karikalabhatva) kI pratiSThApanA kI gaI hai| . yaha bhrAMti saMdehagarbhA yA nizcita hI nahIM hotI, kavikalpita bhI ho sakatI hai, jaise nimna udAharaNa meM kavikalpita bhrAMti kA nivAraNa pAyA jAtA hai: koI virahiNI kAmadeva se kaha rahI hai| are kAmadeva, tU mujhe kyoM pIr3ita kara rahA hai| kyA tU mere Upara isalie prahAra kara rahA hai ki tU mujhe apanA zatra mahAdeva samajha baiThA hai / yadi aisA hai, to yaha terI bhrAMti hai| are mere mastaka para yaha jaTA nahIM hai, beNI ke bAloM kA samUha hai, yaha mere gale meM jahara kI nIlimA nahIM, kastUrI hai| mere sira

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32 kuvalayAnandaH iyaM bhUtirnAGge priyavirahajanmA dhavalimA purArAtibhrAntyA kusumazara ! kiM mAM praharasi / / atra kalpitabhrAntiH 'jaTA neyam' ityAdiniSedhamAtronneyA, pUrvavatpraznAbhAvAt / daNDI tvatra tattvAkhyAnopametyupamAbhedaM mene / yadAha 'na padmaM mukhamevedaM, na bhRGgau cakSuSI ime / iti vispaSTasAdRzyAttattvAkhyAnopamaiva sA' / / 26 / / iti / / chekApahnutiranyasya zaGkAtastathyanihnave / prajalpanmatpade lagnaH kAntaH kiM ? nahi, nUpuraH // 30 // kasyacitkazcitprati rahasyoktAvanyena zrutAyAM svoktestAtparyAntaravarNanena tathya nihnave chekApahnatiH / yathA nAyikAyA narmasakhI prati 'prajalpanmatpade lagnaH' iti svanAyakavRttAnte nigadyamAne tadAkaNya 'kAntaH kim' iti zaGkitavatImanyAM prati 'nahi, nUpuraH' iti nihnavaH / para yaha candrakalA na hokara jUr3e meM lagAye phUla haiN| yaha jo tumheM mere zarIra para pAMDutA dikhAI de rahI hai, vaha bhasma nahIM, kiMtu priya ke viraha se utpanna pANDutA hai| he kAmadeva, tU mujhe bhrAMti se purArAti (mahAdeva) samajha kara mere Upara prahAra kyoM kara rahA hai| yahA~ 'jaTA neyam' ityAdi ke dvArA vyakta kalpita bhrAMti kevala niSedhamAtra se pratIta ho rahI hai, pahale udAharaNoM kI bhAMti yahAM praznapUrvikA saraNi nahIM pAI jAtI / daNDI isa prakAra ke sthaloM meM tatvAkhyAnopamA nAmaka upamAbheda mAnate haiN| jaisA ki kahA gayA hai___ 'yaha kamala nahIM mu~ha hI hai, ye bhauMre nahIM A~kheM haiN| isa prakAra jahAM spaSTa sAdRzya ke kAraNa tattva (tathya) kI pratiSThApanA kI jAya, vahA~ upamA alaMkAra hI hotA hai|' 30-jahA~ anya vastu kI zaMkA hone para vAstavikatA ko chipAkara avAstavikatA kI pratiSThApanA kI jAya, vahA~ chekApahnati alaMkAra hotA hai| jaise, vaha zabda karatA huA mere pairoM meM A lagA; kyA priya, nahIM sakhi nUpura / TippaNI-chekApahRti ko kucha vidvAn alaga se alaMkAra nahIM mAnate, ve isakA samAveza vyAjokti meM hI karate haiN| (cheka zabda kA artha hai catura vykti| catura vyakti ke dvArA vAstavikatA kA gopana karane ke lie prayukta apahnati ko chekApahnati kahA jAtA hai| isakA lakSaNa yaha hai ki jahA~ prayukta vAkya kI anya prakAra se yojanA karake zaMkita tAtvika vastu kI nidbhuti (niSedha) kI jAya, vahA~ chekApahnuti hogii| cheko vidagdhaH, tatkRtApahRtizchekAhutiriti lakSyanirdezo vAkyAnyathAyojanAhetukaH zaMkitatAtvikavastuniSedha iti lakSaNam / ( candrikA pR0 29) koI vyakti kisI vizvasta vyakti se rahasya kI bAta kaha rahA ho aura koI anya vyakti use suna le to apanI ukti kA anya tAtparya batAkAra jahA~ usa anya vyakti se tathya kA gopana kiyA jAya vahA~ chekApati alaMkAra hotA hai| jaise kArikAdha ke udAharaNa meM koI nAyikA apanI narmasakhI se 'prajalpanmatpade lagnaH' isa prakAra apane nAyaka kA vRttAnta kaha rahI hai, use sunakara dUsarI sakhI priya ke viSaya meM zaMkA kara pUcha baiThatI

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apahatyalakAraH 33 sItkAraM zikSayati vraNayatyadharaM tanoti romAJvam / nAgarikaH kiM milito ? nahi nahi, sakhi ! haimanaH pavanaH / idamarthayojanayA tathyanihave udAharaNam / zabdayojanayA yathA pajhe! tvannayane smarAmi satataM bhAvo bhavatkuntale . nIle muhyati kiM karomi mahitaiH krIto'smi te vibhramaiH / , ityusvapnavaco nizamya saruSA nirbhasito rAdhayA kRSNastatparameva tadvacapadizan krIDAviTaH pAtu vH|| sarvamidaM viSayAntarayojate udAharaNam / viSayaikye'pyavasthAbhedena yojane yathA vadantI jAravRttAntaM patyau dhUrtA sakhIdhiyA / hai kyA, priya, usa sakhI se tathya kA gopana karane ke lie vaha 'nahIM, napura' yaha uttara dekara apanI ukti kA bhinna tAtparya batA detI hai / ataH yahA~ chekApahnati hai| isI kA dUsarA udAharaNa yaha hai : koI nAyikA narmasakhI se nAyaka ke milane ke viSaya meM kaha rahI hai| vaha sItkAra sikhAtA hai, adhara ko vraNayukta banA detA hai tathA romAMca prakaTa karatA hai|' ise sunakara anya sakhI priya ke viSaya meM zaMkAkara pUcha baiThatI hai-kyA nAgarika milane para aisA karatA hai ? nAyikA tathya gopana karane ke lie kahatI hai-'nahIM sakhi, nahIM, hemanta kA zItala pavana aisA karatA hai|' ina donoM udAharaNoM meM arthayojanA ke dvArA tathya kA gopana kiyA gayA hai| kahIM-kahIM zabdayojanA (zabdazleSa) ke dvArA aisA kiyA jAtA hai, jaise kRSNa svapna ke samaya lakSmI kI yAda kara kaha uThate haiM-'he lakSmI, maiM tere netroM kA sadA smaraNa kiyA karatA hU~, tumhAre nIle kezapAza meM merA mana ramA rahatA hai ( merA bhAva mohita rahatA hai), maiM kyA karU~, tumhAre anargha (mahita) vilAsoM ne mujhe kharIda liyA hai, maiM tumhArA dAsa huuN|' kRSNa kI ina svapna kI bAtoM ko suna kara krodhita rAdhA unakI bhartsanA karatI hai, kiMtu kRSNa una vacanoM ko rAdhAparaka (rAdhA ke prati hI kathita) batA dete haiM tathA isakA artha yoM karate haiM-(he rAdhe,) maiM kamala ke samAna tere netroM kA sadA smaraNa kiyA karatA huuN.....|' isa prakAra caturatA se vAstavikatA ko chipAte hue krIDAviTa kRSNa Apa logoM kI rakSA kreN| - yahA~ 'padma' pada meM zleSa hai, yaha liMga, vacana tathA vibhaktigata zleSa hai| lakSmIpakSa meM yahA~ strIliMga, saMbodhana vibhakti tathA ekavacana kA rUpa hai, rAdhApakSa meM yaha 'nayane' kA upamAna hai, tathA napuMsaka liMga, dvitIyA vibhakti tathA dvivacana kA rUpa hai| isa prakAra apanI ukti kI rAdhAparaka vyAkhyA kara kRSNa vAstavikatA ko chipAte haiM, ataH yahA~ zabdayojanAgata chekApahnati hai| ye tInoM udAharaNa anya viSaya meM prastuta ukti kI yojanA karane ke haiN| kabhI-kabhI viSaya ke eka hI hone para bhI avasthAbheda ke dvArA eka avasthA kA gopana kiyA jAtA hai, jaisekoI dhUrta nAyikA bhrAMti se pati ko sakhI samajha kara apane jAra kA vRttAnta sunA 3 kuva0

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kuvalayAnandaH patiM buddhvA, 'sakhi ! tataH prabuddhAsmI'tyapUrayat / / 30 / / kaitavApaddhatiyaktI vyAjA_nihateH pdaiH| niryAnti smaranArAcAH kAntAdRkpAtakaitavAt // 31 // anAsatyatvAbhidhAyinA, 'kaitava' padena 'neme kAntAkaTAkSAH, kintu smaranArAcAH' ityapahnavaH prtiiyte| yathA vA rikteSu vArikathayA vipinodareSu ___ madhyAhnambhitamahAtapatApatamAH / skandhAntarotthitadavAgnizikhAcchalena jihvAM prasArya taravo jalamarthayante / / 31 // 12 utprekSAlaGkAraH saMbhAvanA syAdutprekSA vastuhetuphalAtmanA / uktAnuktAspadAdyAtra siddhA'siddhAspade pare // 32 // rahI hai| isI bIca use patA laga jAtA hai ki vaha sakhI nahIM usakA pati hai| use dekhakara vaha vAstavikatA kA gopana karane ke lie pUrva avasthA kA gopana kara anya avasthA kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahatI hai-'he sakhi, itane meM maiM jaga gii'| bhAva hai, yaha sArI bAta maiMne svapna meM dekhI thii| ___ yahA~ vAstavika jAgrat avasthA kI bAta ko chipAkara use svapna kI ghaTanA batA diyA gayA hai, ataH avasthAbheda kI yojanA kI gaI hai| 31-jahA~ vyAja Adi padoM ke dvArA prastuta ke niSedha kI vyaMjanA ho, vahA~ kaitavApahRti hotI hai| jaise kAmadeva ke bANa priyA ke kaTAkSapAta ke kaitava (vyAja) se nikala rahe haiN| ___ yahA~ kaitava' pada kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, jo asatyatA kA vAcaka hai| isa pada ke dvArA 'ye priyA ke kaTAkSa nahIM haiM, apitu kAmadeva ke bANa haiN| isa prakAra prastuta kA niSedha vyakta ho rahA hai| athavA jaise grISma Rtu kA varNana hai| vana meM kahIM bhI jala kA nAmanizAna na rahane para (vana ke madhyabhAga ke pAnI ke vRttAnta se rikta hone para) madhyAhna meM phaile hue mahAn sUryatApa se tapta vRkSa apanI zAkhAoM ke bIca se uThatI haI dAvAgni kI jvAlA ke vyAja se apanI jIbha phailAkara pAnI kI yAcanA kara rahe haiN| ___ yahA~ 'dAvAgni kI jvAlA ke vyAja se' (davAgnizikhAcchalena) isameM prayukta 'chala' pada se yaha pratIti ho rahI hai ki 'yaha davAgnijvAlA nahIM hai, apitu vRttoM kI jIbha hai|' isa prakAra yahA~ kaitavApahnati hai| 12. utprekSA alaMkAra 32-35-jahA~ aprakRta ke sAtha prakRta kI vastu, hetu tathA phala rUpa sambhAvanA kI jAya, vahA~ utprekSA alaMkAra hotA hai| inameM prathama (vastUtprekSA) uktA tathA anuktA

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utprekSAlaGkAraH dhUmastomaM tamaH zaGke kokIvirahazuSmaNAm / limpatIva tamo'GgAni varSatIvAJjanaM namaH // 33 // raktau tavAGgrI mRdulo bhuvi vikSepaNAddhRvam / tvanmukhAbhecchayA nUnaM padmaivairAyate zazI // 34 // madhyaH kiM kucayodhRtyai baddhaH kanakadAmabhiH / prAyo'bjaM tvatpadenaikyaM prAptuM toye tapasyati // 35 // anyadharmasaMbandhanimittenAnyasyAnyatAdAtmyasaMbhAvanamutprekSA / sA ca vastu. hetu-phalAtmatAgocaratvena trividhA / atra vastunaH kasyacidvastvantaratAdAtmya. uktaviSayA tathA anuktaviSayA-do taraha kI hotI hai| zeSa do (hetUtprekSA tathA phalotprekSA) ke siddhaviSayA tathA asiddhaviSayA ye do do bheda hote haiN| (inhIM ke udAharaNa kramazaH (1) sAyaMkAlIna andhakAra mAno cakravAkI ke viraharUpI agni kA dhuoM hai, (uktaviSayA vastUtprekSA) - (2) rAtri kA andhakAra kyA hai, mAno a~dherA aMgoM ko lIpa rahA ho, mAno AkAza kAjala barasA rahA ho / (anuktaviSayA vastUtprekSA) (3) he sundari, jamIna para calane ke kAraNa tere komala caraNa rakta ho gaye haiN| (siddhaviSayA hetUtprekSA) (yahA~ sundarI ke caraNoM kA raktatva svataHsiddha hai, kavi ne isakA hetu bhUtala para calanA sambhAvita kiyA hai|) (4) he sundari, yaha candramA tumhAre mukha kI kAMti ko prApta karane kI icchA se usa kAMtiko dhAraNa karanevAle kamaloM se vaira kA AcaraNa kara rahA hai| (asiddhaviSayA hetUtprekSA) (yahA~ candramA ke udaya para kamala banda ho jAte haiM, isa tathya meM kavi ne yaha saMbhAvanA kI hai ki candramA kamaloM se vaira karatA hai tathA isa hetukI saMbhAvanA svataH siddha nahIM hai|) (5) he sundari, kyA stanoM ko dhAraNa karane ke lie tumhArA madhyabhAga sone kI jaMjIroM (trivaliyoM) se bA~dha diyA gayA hai| (siddhaviSayA phalotprekSA) (yahA~ madhyabhAga meM trivali kI racanA isalie kI gaI hai ki stanoM ko rokA jA sake, yaha phala kI sambhAvanA hai|) (6) he sundari, ye kamala jala meM isalie tapa kiyA karate haiM ki tumhAre caraNoM ke sAtha advaitatA prApta kara skeN| (asiddhaviSayA phalotprekSA) (kamala svAbhAvika rUpa se jala meM rahate haiM, para kavi ne usa para sundarI ke caraNoM kA aikya prApta karane kI kAmanA se jalamagna ho tapasyA karane kI saMbhAvanA kI hai|) TippaNI-yahA~ isa bAta kI pratIti hotI hai ki kamala vaise hI jalamagna ho tapasyA kara rahA hai, jaise koI tapasvI uccapada kI prApti karane ke lie-Izvara ke tApya ke lie-tapasyA karatA hai| isa paMkti meM 'abjaM se kisI eka kamala kA tAtparya na hokara samasta kamala-jAti (Lotus as such, Lotus as a class ) abhISTa hai| jahA~ viSayI (anya) ke dharma ke AdhAra para viSayI ke anyatAdAtmya kI saMbhAvanA ho, vahA~ utprekSA hotI hai| yaha utprekSA tIna prakAra kI hotI hai:-vastUtprekSA, hetUtprekSA tathA phlotprekssaa| inameM jahA~ kisI eka vastu (upameya, prakRta) kI kisI dUsarI

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36 saMbhAvanA prathamA svarUpotprekSetyucyate / ahetorhetubhAvenAphalasya phalatvenotprekSA hetUtprekSA phalotprekSetyucyate / atra AdyA svarUpotprekSA uktaviSayA'nuktaviSayA ceti dvividhA | pare hetuphalotprekSe siddhaviSayA'siddhaviSayA ceti pratyekaM dvividhe / evaM SaNNAmutprekSANAM dhUmastomamityAdIni krameNodAharaNAni / rajanImukhe sarvatra visRtvarasya tamaso nailyadRSTipratirodhakatvAdidharmasaMbandhena gamyamAnena nimittena sadyaHpriyavighaTitasarva dezasthita kokAGgannAhRdupagata prajvaliSyadvirahAnaladhUmastomatAdAtmyasaMbhAvanAsvarUpotprekSA tamaso viSayasyopAdAnAduktaviSayA / tamovyApanasya nabhaHprabhRtibhUparyantasakalavastu sAndramalinIkaraNena nimittena tamaH kartRkalepanatAdAtmyotprekSA, nabhaH kartRkAJjanavarSaNatAdAtmyotprekSA cAnuktaviSayA svarUpotprekSA; ubhayatrApi viSayabhUtata movyApanasyAnupAdAnAt / nanvatra tamaso vyApanena nimittena lepanakartRtAdAtmyotprekSA, nabhaso bhUparyantaM gADhanI limavyAptatvena kuvalayAnandaH wwwww vastu ke ( aprakRta ) ke sAtha tAdAtmya saMbhAvanA ho, vaha pahale DhaMga kI utprekSA hai, ise hI svarUpotprekSA kahate haiN| jahA~ kisI vastu ke kisI kArya ke hetu na hone para usakI hetutvasaMbhAvanA kI jAya, vahA~ hetUtprekSA hotI hai, isI taraha jahA~ kisI vastu ke phala ( kArya ) na hone para usameM prakRta ke phalatva kI saMbhAvanA kI jAya, vahA~ phalotprekSA hotI hai / inameM pahalI svarUpotprekSA (vastU tprekSA) do taraha kI hotI hai- uktaviSayA tathA anuktvissyaa| dUsarI tathA tIsarI utprekSA - hetU prekSA tathA phalotprekSA- donoM ke pratyeka ke siddhaviSayA tathA asiddhaviSayA ye do-do bheda hote haiM / isI prakAra utprekSA ke chaH bheda hueH1. uktaviSayA vastUtprekSA, 2. anuktaviSayA vastUtprekSA, 3. siddhaviSayA hetUtprekSA, 4. asiddha. viSayA hetU prekSA, 5. siddhaviSayA phalotprekSA, 6. asiddhaviSayA phalotprekSA / inhIM chaha utprekSAbhedoM ke udAharaNa 'dhUmastoma' ityAdi padyArthoM ke dvArA diye gaye haiM / ( inhIM udA haraNoM kA vizleSaNa karate haiM / ) 'dhUmastomaM' ityAdi zlokArdha uktaviSayA svarUpotprekSA kA udAharaNa hai / yahA~ rAtri ke AraMbha meM saba ora phailate aMdhakAra kA varNana hai, yaha sarvato visRvara aMdhakAra nIla hai tathA dRSTi kA avarodha karane vAlA hai, ataH yaha dharmadvaya usameM dhue~ ke samAna hI pAyA jAtA hai / kavi ne isIlie nIlatA tathA dRSTipratirodhakatA Adi dharmoM ke saMbaMdha ke kAraNa - jisakI vyaMjanA ho rahI hai- - zAma ke samaya apane priya se viyukta hotI samasta koka - ramaNiyoM ( cakravAkiyoM) ke hRdaya meM sthita jalane ke lie udyata virahAnala ke dhUmastoma ( dhue~ ke samUha ) ke tAdAtmya kI saMbhAvanA kI gaI hai, ataH yahA~ svarUpotprekSA pAI jAtI hai / isa vAkya meM kavi ne svayaM viSaya ( upameya ) - andhakAra - kA sAkSAt upAdAna kiyA hai, ataH yaha uktaviSayA svarUpotprekSA / 'limpatIva' ityAdi padyArdha anuktaviSayA kA udAharaNa hai / jaba andhakAra phailatA hai, to AkAza se lekara pRthvI taka samasta vastue~ ghanI malina ho jAtI haiM, ataH aMdhakAra dvArA samasta vastuoM ke malina karane ke saMbandha ke kAraNa usa para aMdhakAra ke dvArA kI gaI lepana kriyA ke tAdAtmya kI saMbhAvanA kI gaI hai, isI taraha usa para AkAza ke dvArA barasAye gaye kAjala ke tAdAtmya kI saMbhAvanA kI gaI hai| ye donoM anuktaviSayA svarUpotprekSAe~ haiM, kyoMki donoM sthaloM para ( 'liMpatIva tamIMgAni' tathA 'varSatIvAMjanaM nabhaH' meM ) viSayabhUta ( upameyarUpa, prakRta ) tamovyApana ( AkAza se pRthvI taka andhakAra ke phailane) kA upAdAna ( svazabdavAcyatva ) nahIM pAyA jAtA /

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utprekSAlaGkAraH nimittenAJjanavarSaNakartRtAdAtmyotprekSA, cetyutprekSAdvayamuktaviSayamevAstu / maivam ; limpati-varSatItyAkhyAtayoH kartRvAcakatve'pi 'bhAvapradhAnamAkhyAtam' iti smRte. rdhAtvarthakriyAyA eva prAdhAnyena tadupasarjanatvenAnvitasya karturutprekSaNIyatayA anyatrAnvayAsaMbhavAt / ata eva [ AkhyAtArthasya kartuH kriyopasarjanatvenAnyatrAnvayAsaMbhavAdeva ] asyopamAyAmupamAnatayAnvayo'pi daNDinA nirAkRtaH'kartA yApamAnaM syAnnyagbhUto'sau kriyApade / svakriyAsAdhanavyagro nAlamanyavyapekSitum / / ' ( kAvyAdarza 2 / 230 ) iti / kecittu-tamonabhasoviSayayostatkartRkalepanavarSaNasvarUpadharmotprekSetyAhuH / tanmate svarUpotprekSAyAM dharyutprekSA dharmotprekSA cetyevaM dvaividhyaM draSTavyam / cara* pUrvapakSI ina udAharaNoM meM anuktaviSayatva mAnane para Apatti karatA hai, usake mata se yahA~ uktaviSayatA hI mAnanA caahie| pUrvapakSI kA mata hai ki yahA~ aMdhakAra kI lepanakriyA ke kartA ke sAtha tAdAtmyotprekSA vyApanarUpa dharmasaMbaMdha ke kAraNa ho rahI hai, isI taraha AkAza se pRthvI taka gahare kAlepana ke vyApta hone ke kAraNa isa dharmasaMbaMdha se kajalavarSaNakriyA ke kartA ke sAtha tAdAtmyotprekSA ho rahI hai, isa prakAra donoM sthAnoM para andhakAra kI ukta viSayatA mAnakara donoM utprekSAoM ko uktaviSayA mAnA jA sakatA hai / siddhAntapakSI isa mata se sahamata nhiiN| vaha kahatA hai, aisA nahIM ho sakatA / pUrvapakSI kA mata tabhI mAnA jA sakatA hai jaba ki 'tamaH' kA anvaya anyatra ho sake, aisA saMbhava nahIM hai, gyoMki hama dekhate haiM ki yadyapi 'limpati' tathA 'varSati' ye donoM kriyAe~ ( AkhyAta)haiM tathA inake kartA kA spaSTa rUpa se upAdAna hotA hai, tathApi niruktakAra ke 'bhAvapradhAnamAkhyAtaM isa vacana ke anasAra dhAtvarthakriyA kAhI prAdhAnya mAnanA hogA (kartA kA nahIM), kartA yahA~ kriyA kA upaskAraka banakara AyA hai tathA usa kriyA ke aMgarUpa meM vaha bhI usprekSA kA viSaya ho jAtA hai| isalie kriyA ke aMga hone ke kAraNa isa sthala meM kartA (tamaH)kA anyatra anvaya na ho skegaa| isalie daNDI ne, una sthaloM para jahA~ kartA kriyA kA aMga ho gayA hai, tathA kriyA ke sAdRzya kI pratIti karAI jAtI hai, vahA~ kartA kA upamAna ke rUpa meM anvaya honA nahIM mAnA hai| jaisA ki kahA gayA hai:-'yadi koI kartA upamAna ho, kiMtu vaha kriyApada kA gauNa (nyagbhUta)ho jAya, vahA~ vaha apanI kriyA kI siddhi meM hI saMlagna hotA hai tathA usase bhinna itara kArya (upamAsiddhi) kI siddhi meM samartha nahIM hotaa| (isa prakAra nirAkAMkSa hone ke kAraNa upamAna ke rUpa meM usakA anvaya nahIM ho paataa|) TippaNI-yahA~ appaya dIkSita ne alaMkArasarvasvakAra ruyyaka ke isa mata kA khaNDana kiyA hai ki 'andhakAra meM hI lepana kriyA kA kartRtva sambhAvita kiyA gayA hai| etena' tamasi 'lepanakartRsvamutprekSyam' iti alaMkArasarvasvakAramatamapAstam' ( candrikA pR0 35) kucha vidvAnoM ke mata se yahA~ andhakAra tathA AkAza rUpa viSayoM kI andhakArakartRkalepana tathA varSaNarUpa svarUpadharmosprekSA kI gaI hai| ina logoM ke mata se svarUposprekSA do taraha kI hogI, dharyutprekSA tathA dhrmosprekssaa| TippaNI-candrikAkAra ke matAnusAra 'kecit' isa pada se granthakAra kA anabhimata vyakta hotA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki isa saraNi meM 'tamas' tathA 'nabhasa' kA do bAra anvaya karana para eka bAra kartA ke rUpa meM, dUsarI bAra viSaya ke rUpa meN|

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kuvalayAnandaH ww yoH svataH siddhe raktimani vastuto vikSepaNaM na heturityahetostasya hetutvena saMbhAvanA hetUtprekSA vikSepaNasya viSayasya sattvAtsiddhaviSayA / candrapadmavirodhe svAbhAvike nAyikAvadanakAntiprepsA na heturiti tatra taddhetutvasaMbhAvanA hetUtprekSA vastutastadicchAyA abhAvAdasiddhaviSayA / madhyaH svayameva kucau dharati natu kanakadAmabandhatvenAdhyavasitAyA balitrayazAlitAyA balAditi madhyakartRkakucadhRtestatphalatvenotprekSA siddhaviSayA phalotprekSA / jalajasya jalAvasthiteruda vasataparatvenAdhyavasitAyAH kAminIcaraNa sAyujyaprAptirna phalamiti tasyA gaganakusumAyamAnAyAstapaHphalatvenotprekSaNAdasiddhaviSayA phalotprekSA / anenaiva krameNodAharaNAntarANi da bAlenduvakrANyavikAsabhAvAdvabhuH palAzAnyatilohitAni / sadyo vasantena samAgatAnAM nakhakSatAnIva vanasthalInAm // 'keciditi tama ( tanmate ? ) iti cAsvarasodbhAvanam / tadvIjaM tu tamonabhasoH kartRtvena viSayatvena ca vAradvayamanvayaklezaH / ' ( candrikA pR0 35 ) 'raktau tavAMdhI' ityAdi padyArdha siddhaviSayA hetUtprekSA kA udAharaNa hai / sundarI ke donoM paira svataH lAla haiM ( unakI lalAI svataH siddha hai ), ataH unakI lalAI kA kAraNa - pRthvI para saMcaraNa karanA nahIM hai, isa prakAra pRthvIsaMcaraNa ke caraNaraktatva ke kAraNa na hone para bhI yahA~ usameM kAraNatva kI saMbhAvanA kI gaI hai, ataH yaha hetU prekSA hai / yahIM vikSepaNa rUpa viSaya ke prayoga ke kAraNa yaha siddhaviSayA hetUtprekSA hai / 'vanmukhAbhecchyA' ityAdi padyArdha asiddhaviSayA hetUtprekSA kA udAharaNa hai / yahA~ candramA tathA kamala kA virodha svAbhAvika hai, isa virodhitA meM nAyikA ke vadana kI zobhA ko prApta karane kI icchA kAraNa nahIM hai, itanA hone para bhI isa icchA meM usa virodha ke hetutva kI saMbhAvanA kI gaI hai, ataH yahA~ hetUtprekSA hai / kavi ne yahA~ candramA kI isa icchA (viSaya) kA, ki vaha nAyikA kI vadana kAMti ko prApta karanA cAhatA hai, prayoga nahIM kiyA hai, ataH yaha asiddhaviSayA phalotprekSA hai / 'madhyaH kiM' ityAdi padyArdha siddhaviSayA phalotprekSA kA udAharaNa hai / nAyikA kA madhyabhAga svayaM hI stanoM ko dhAraNa kiye hai, isakA kAraNa sone ko jaMjIra ke rUpa meM adhyavasita ( atizayokti alaMkAra ke dvArA nigIrNa) trivali kA madhyabhAga meM honA nahIM, itanA hote hue bhI kavi ne madhyabhAga ke dvArA kucoM ke dhAraNa karane ko trivali ( kanakadAma) ke hone kA phala mAnA hai / isa prakAra yahA~ siddhaviSayA phalotprekSA hai / 'prAyo'bja' Adi padyArdha asiddhaviSayA phalotprekSA kA udAharaNa hai / yahA~ kavi ne kamala ke svabhAvataH pAnI meM rahane ko, jalavAsavAlI tapasyA ke dvArA adhyavasita ( nigIrNa) kiyA hai / kamala kI isa tapasyA kA phala kAminIcaraNasAyujyaprApti ho hI nahIM sakatA, kyoMki yaha to gaganakusuma kI bhA~ti asiddha hai, phira bhI kavi ne use tapasyA ke phala ke rUpa meM saMbhAvita kiyA hai, ataH asiddhaviSayA phalotprekSA hai| I yahA~ isI krama se dUsare udAharaNa upanyasta kara rahe haiM / 'vikasita na hone ke kAraNa bAlacandramA ke samAna Ter3he, atyadhika rakta palAzamukula aise suzobhita ho rahe the, mAno vasanta ( nAyaka ) ke sAtha ratikrIDA karane ke kAraNa vanapayoM ( nAyikAoM) ke tAjA nakhakSata hoM / '

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utprekSAlaGkAraH 36 atra palAzakusumAnAM vakratvalohitatvena saMbandhena nimittena sadyaHkRta nakhakSatatAdAtmyasaMbhAvanAduktaviSayA svarUpotprekSA ! pUrvodAharaNe nimittabhUtadharmasaMbandho gamyaH, iha tUpAtta iti bhedaH / nanvivazabdasya sAdRzyaparatvena prasiddhataratvAdupamaivAstu | 'limpatIva' ityudAharaNe lepanakarturupamAnatvArhasya kriyopasarjanatvavadiha nakhakSatAnAmanyopasarjanatvasyopamAbAdhakasyAbhAvAditi cet, ucyate- upamAyA yatra kvacitsthitairapi nakhakSataiH saha vaktuM zakyatayA vasantanAyakasamAgatavanasthalI saMbandhitvasya vizeSaNasyAnapekSitatvAdiha tadupAdAnaM palAzakusumAnAM nakhakSatatAdAtmyasaMbhAvanAyAmivazabdamavasthApayati / tathAtva eva tadvizeSaNasAphalyAt / asti ca saMbhAva - nAyAM 'iva' zabdo 'dUre tiSThandevadatta ivAbhAti' iti / yahA~ palAzamukuloM ke Ter3hepana tathA lalAI ke sambandha ke kAraNa hAla meM kiye gaye nakhakSata ke sAtha unakI tAdAmya sambhAvanA kI gaI hai| yahA~ uktaviSayA vastUpretA ( svarUpotprekSA ) hai / pahale udAharaNa ( 'dhUmastoma' ityAdi ) tathA isa udAharaNa meM yaha bheda hai ki vahA~ saMbhAvanA ke nimitta, dharmasaMbaMdha kA sAkSAt upAdAna nahIM kiyA gayA hai, vaha gamya ( vyaMgya ) hai, jaba ki yahA~ 'vakratva' tathA 'lohitatva' ke dvArA usakA vAcyarUpa meM upAdAna pAyA jAtA hai / isa udAharaNa meM 'iva' ( nakhakSatAnIva ) zabda kA prayoga dekhakara pUrvapakSIko zaMkA hotI hai ki yahA~ 'iva' zabda kA prayoga hone se upamA alaGkAra ho sakatA hai, kyoMki iva sAdRzyavAcaka zabda hai / yadi siddhAntapakSI yaha kahe ki 'liMpatIva tamagAni' Adi meM bhI 'iva' zabda kA prayoga thA, jaise vahA~ utprekSA mAnI gaI vaise hI yahA~ bhI hogI - to isa para pUrvapakSI kI yaha dalIla hai ki vahA~ to siddhAntapakSI ke hI mata se 'tamasa' ke lepanakriyA ke upasarjanIbhUta ( aMga ) banane ke kAraNa use lepanakartA kA upamAnatva mAnane meM pratibandhaka dikhAI par3atA hai, kintu 'nakhacatAnIva vanasthalInAm ' vAle prakaraNa meM to nakhakSatoM meM gauNatva nahIM pAyA jAtA, jo usake upamAna banane meM bAdhuka ho / siddhAntapakSI pUrvapakSI ke isa mata se sahamata nahIM / usakA kahanA hai ki yadi aisI zaMkA uThAI jAtI hai, to usakA samAdhAna yoM kiyA jA sakatA hai / yadi upamA alaGkAra mAnA jAya, to hama dekhate haiM ki upamA meM to kinhIM nakhakSata ke sAtha ( palAzakusuMmoM kI ) upamAnibaddha karanA saMbhava hai, tathA upamA alaGkAra meM nakhakSatoM ke isa vizeSaNa kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM ki ve vasanta nAyaka ke dvArA saMyukta vanasthalI (nAyikA) se saMbaddha haiM / ataH upamA to isa vizeSaNa ke binA hI saMbhava thii| para hama dekhate haiM ki kavi ne isa vizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA hai, ataH yaha prayoga isIlie kiyA gayA hai ki vaha palAzakusumoM kI nakhakSata ke sAtha tAdAtmyasaMbhAvanA karanA cAhatA hai, isa prakAra 'iva' zabda isa saMbhAvanA ko dRDha karatA hai / ataH palAzakusumoM kI nakhakSatatAdAmyasaMbhAvanA mAnane para hI ( tathAsve eva ) kavi ke dvArA upanyasta vizeSaNa ( sadyo vasantena samAgatAnAM ) saphala mAnA jAyagA / yadi koI yaha pUche ki 'iva' zabda to kevala sAdRzyavAcaka hai, utprekSA meM usakA prayoga kaise ho sakatA hai, to isakA samAdhAna karate siddhAntapakSI kahatA hai ki 'iva' zabda kA prayoga saMbhAvanA meM bhI hotA dekhA jAtA hai, udAharaNa ke lie isa vAkya meM - ' vaha

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4. kuvalayAnandaH pinaSTIva taraGgApraiH samudraH phenacandanam / tadAdAya karairindurlimpatIva dignggnaaH|| atra taraGgApraiH phenacandanasya preraNaM peSaNatayotprekSyate / samudrAdutthitasya candrasya prathamaM samudrapUre prasUtAnAM karANAM dikSu vyApanaM ca samudropAnta phenacandanakRtalepanatvenotprekSyate / ubhayatra krameNa samudraprAMntagataphenacandanapuJjIbhavanaM dizAM dhavalIkaraNaM ca nimittamiti phenacandanapreraNa-kiraNavyApanayorviSa. yayoranupAdAnAdanuktaviSaye svruupotpreksse| yeSAM tUpAttayoH samudra-candrayorevatatkartRkapeSaNa-lepanarUpadharmotprekSeti mataM, teSAM mate pUrvodAharaNe dharmiNi dharmyantaratAdAtmyotprekSA / iha tu dharmiNi dharmasaMsargotprekSeti bhedo'vgntvyH| rAtrau raverdivA cendorabhAvAdiva sa prbhuH| bhUmau pratApayazasI sRSTavAn sttodite|| vyakti dUra se aisA baiThA dikhAI detA hai, mAno devadatta baiThA ho / ' ataH spaSTa hai ki 'bAlenduvakrANi' ityAdi padya meM uktaviSayA svarUpotprekSA hI hai, upamA alakAra nhiiN| - aba anuktaviSayA svarUposprekSA kA udAharaNa dete haiM / 'yaha samudra laharoM (-hAthoM) ke agrabhAga se mAno phenarUpI candana ko pIsa rahA hai| candramA apanI kiraNoM (hAthoM) se usa (phena-) candana ko lekara dizArUpI kAminiyoM kA mAno anulepana kara rahA hai| yahA~ laharoM ke TakarAne se unake agrabhAga se phena (rUpI candana) utpanna hotA hai, isa kriyA meM peSaNakriyA (candana pIsane) kI saMbhAvanA kI gaI hai| samudra se nikalate hue candramA kI kiraNeM sabase pahale samudra ke AsapAsa hI phailatI haiM tathA vahIM se sArI dizAoM meM vyApta hotI haiM, ataH candrakiraNoM kA samudrapUra meM prasaraNa tathA dizAoM meM vyApta honA samudra ke prAntabhAga meM phaile hue phenacandana ke dvArA dizAoM ke anulepana ke rUpa meM saMbhAvita (utprekSita) kiyA gayA hai| (isa prakAra yahA~ do utprekSAe~ haiM, eka peSaNa kriyA kI saMbhAvanA vAlI utprekSA (pinaSTIva), dUsarI lepanakriyA kI saMbhAvanA vAlI utprekSA (limptiiv)| donoM utprekSAoM kI saMbhAvanA isa AdhAra para kI gaI hai ki samudra ke prAntabhAga meM phenacandana kA ekatrita honA tathA dizAoM kA dhavalIkaraNa ye donoM dharma samAnarUpa se pAye jAte haiM, isa dharmasaMbaMdha ke kAraNa hI yaha saMbhAvanA kI gaI hai, sAtha hI yahA~ phenacandana ko utpanna karanA (preraNa) tathA candrakiraNoM kA samasta dizAoM meM vyApta honA-ina tattat utprekSA ke tattat viSayoM kA kavi ne kAvya meM sAkSAt upAdAna nahIM kiyA hai, ataH ina viSayoM kA upAdAna na hone se yahA~ anuktaviSayA svarUpotprekSA pAI jAtI hai| (isI saMbaMdha meM unalogoM kA mata denA Avazyaka samajhA gayA hai, jo dhotprekSA tathA dharmotprekSA ye do utprekSA bheda mAnate haiM / ) jo loga ( ruyyakAdi ) samudra tathA candrarUpa viSayoM ke upAdAna ke kAraNa yahA~ unake dvArA kI gaI peSaNakriyA tathA lepanakriyA kA nirdeza hone ke kAraNa dharmotprekSA mAnate haiM, unake mata se pahale udAharaNa ( 'bAlendu' Adi) meM dharmI meM dUsare dharmI kI tAdAmya-saMbhAvanA pAI jAtI hai| yahA~ dharmI (samudra tathA candra) meM anya dharma ke saMsarga kI saMbhAvanA pAI jAtI hai-yaha donoM udAharaNoM kI utprekSA kA bheda hai| nimna padya siddhaviSayA phalotprekSA kA udAharaNa hai:'usa rAjA ne sadA prakAzita rahane vAle apane pratApa tathA yaza kI sRSTi isalie kI

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utprekSAlaGkAraH 41 rAtrau raverdivA candrasyAbhAvaH sannapi pratApa - yazasoH sargena heturiti tasya taddhetutvasaMbhAvanA siddhaviSayA hetUtprekSA / vivasvatA'nAyiSateva mizrAH svagosahasreNa samaM janAnAm | gAvo'pi netrAparanAmadheyAstenedamAndhyaM khalu nAndhakAraiH / / atra vivasvatA kRtaM svakiraNaiH saha janalocanAnAM nayanamasadeva rAtrAvAndhyaM prati hetutvenotprekSyata ityasiddhaviSayA hetUtprekSA / ki pRthvI para sUrya rAtri meM prakAzita nahIM hotA aura candramA kA dina meM abhAva rahatA hai|" rAtri meM sUrya kA abhAva rahatA hai tathA dina meM candramA kA yaha eka svAbhAvika tathya hai, kintu yaha tathya rAjA ke pratApa tathA yaza kI racanA kA kAraNa nahIM hai / itanA hone para bhI kavi ne tattat kAla meM sUryacandrAbhAva ko nRpatipratApayazaHsRSTi kA hetu saMbhAvita (utprekSita ) kiyA hai / yahA~ siddhaviSayA hetU prekSA hai / ( isa udAharaNa meM 'raktau' ityAdi kArikArdha ke udAharaNa se yaha bheda hai ki vahA~ hetu bhAvarUpa (-bhU para calanA) hai, jaba ki yahA~ yaha abhAvarUpa hai / ) asiddhaviSayA hetUtprekSA kA udAharaNa agalA padya hai :1 zAma ke samaya sUrya ke asta ho jAne para andhakAra phaila jAtA hai, andhakAra ke kAraNa logoM ko kucha bhI dikhAI nahIM detA, iso tathya ko lekara kavi ne eka utprekSA kI hai / - 'sUrya apanI gAyoM ( - kiraNoM ) ke sAtha milI huI logoM kI netra isa dUsare nAma cAlI gAryo (-netroM ) ko bhI ghera le gayA hai (jisa taraha koI gvAlA apanI gAyoM ke sAtha dUsarI gAyoM ko bhI carAgAha se gA~va kI ora ghera le jAtA hai )- yaha rAtrikAlIna andhatA isIlie ho gaI hai ( -- kyoMki logoM ke netra to sUrya ke sAtha cale gaye haiM ), yaha andhatA andhakAra ke kAraNa nahIM hai / ' TippaNI- 'gauH svarge ca balIvarde razmau ca kulize pumAn / strI saurabheyIhagbANadigvAgbhUSvapsu bhUmni ca // ' ( medinI ) yahA~ 'sUrya apanI kiraNoM ke sAtha logoM ke netroM ko nahIM le gayA hai' kintu itanA hone para bhI sUrya ke dvArA lokago ( - nayana ) nayanakriyA kI saMbhAvanA kI gaI hai, jo asatya hai tathA kavi ne usI ko rAtrigata Andhya kA kAraNa utprekSita kiyA hai| isa prakAra yahA~ asiddhaviSayA hetUsprekSA alaMGkAra hai / ( isa udAharaNa meM kArikArdhavAle udAharaNa se yaha bheda hai ki yahA~ 'anAyiSata iva' isa viSayotprekSA ke dvArA use hetu ke rUpa meM saMbhAvita kiyA gayA hai / 'svanmukhAbhecchA' meM 'icchA' pada ke kAraNa guNarUpa hetu pAyA jAtA hai, jaba ki yahA~ 'anAyiSata iva' ke dvArA kriyArUpa hetu pAyA jAtA hai / yadyapi isa padya meM do utprekSAyeM pAI jAtI haiM, eka svarUpotprekSA dUsarI hetU prekSA - tathApi svarUpotprekSA ( anAyiSata iva ) vastutaH hetUtprekSA kA aGga bana kara AI hai, ataH yahA~ hetUtprekSA kI hI pradhAnatA hone se isako hetUtprekSA ke udAharaNa ke rUpa meM upanyasta kiyA gayA hai / ) TippaNI - isa padya meM kaI alaMkAra haiN| sUrya donoM gAyoM ( kiraNoM tathA netroM ) ke ghula mila jAne ke kAraNa unake bheda ko na jAna sakA, yaha sAmAnya alaMkAra vyaMgya hai| 'svagosahasreNa samaM ' meM sahokti alaMkAra hai / isakA tathA sAmAnya alaMkAra kA 'saha' zabda meM praveza hone ke kAraNa eka vAcakAnupraveza saMkara pAyA jAtA hai| yaha saMkara 'go' zabda ke kliSTa prayoga para AdhRta hai, ataH

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42 kuvalayAnandaH pUraM vidhurvardhayituM payodheH zaGke'yameNAGkamaNiM kiyanti | payAMsi dogdhi priyaviprayoge sazokakokInayane kiyanti / / atra candreNa kRtaM samudrasya bRMhaNaM sadeva tadA tena kRtasya candrakAntadrAvaNasya kokAGganAbASpasrAvaNasya ca phalatvenotprekSyata iti siddhaviSayA phlotprekssaa| rathasthitAnAM parivartanAya purAtanAnAmiva vAhanAnAm / ___ utpattibhUmau turagottamAnAM dizi pratasthe raviruttarasyAm / / atrottarAyaNasyAzvaparivartanamasadeva phalatvenotprekSyata ityasiddhaviSayA phalotprekSA | etA evotprekssaaH| ileSa tathA uparyukta saMkara kA aMgAMgibhAva saMkara hai / isake dvArA utprekSA kI pratIti hotI hai, ataH usake sAtha isa saMkara kA aMgAMgibhAva saMkara hai| isa utprekSA se acetana sUrya para kliSTa vizeSaNoM ke kAraNa kisI cetana vyakti ( gvAle ) kA vyavahAra samAropa pAyA jAtA hai, ataH samAsokti ke ye sabhI pUrvokta alaMkAra aGga bana jAte haiN| sAtha hI yahA~ 'manuSyoM kI A~khoM kA jyotirahita honA' isa ukti ke samarthana ke lie samarthaka pUrva vAkyArtha kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, ataH kAyaliMga alaMkAra bhI hai| isakA utprekSA va samAsokti ke sAtha ekavAcakAnupraveza saMkara pAyA jAtA hai| sAtha hI jyotira hitatA ke kAraNa adhaMkAra ke hetutva kA niSedha kara sUrya ke dvArA gau ( netroM ) ke apaharaNa rUpa kAraNa ko upasthita karane se utprekSA apahnatigarbhA hai / siddhaviSayA hetUtprekSA kA udAharaNa nimna padya hai : 'candramA samudra ke jala ko bar3hAne ke lie candrakAntamaNi ke kitane hI (atyadhika) drava ko tathA cakravAka (priya) ke viyoga ke kAraNa dukhI cakravAkI ke netroM ke kitane hI jala ko duhatA hai|' ___ yahA~ candramA ke kAraNa samudra kA uttaralita honA svataH siddha hai, kiMtu kavi ne usa uttaralatA ko candrakAMtamaNi ke drava tathA kokAMganA (cakavI) ke A~suoM kA phala saMbhAvita kiyA hai, ataH yaha siddhaviSayA phalotprekSA hai| (yahA~ kokAMganA ke A~suoM kA kAraNa 'priyaviyoga' batAyA gayA hai, ataH kAvyaliMga alaMkAra bhI hai|) asiddhaviSayA phalotprekSA jaise: 'sUrya, mAno apane ratha meM jute purAne ghor3oM ko badalane ke lie, uttama jAti ke ghor3oM ke utpattisthAna uttara dizA ko ravAnA ho gyaa|' __ yahA~ uttarAyaNa kA kAraNa ghor3oM ko badalanA nahIM hai (ghor3oM ko badalane kA phala uttarAyaNa nahIM hai), kiMtu phira bhI kavi ne uttarAyaNa ko ghor3oM ke badalane kA phala saMbhAvita kiyA hai, ataH asiddhaviSayA phalotprekSA hai| sAtha ho yahA~ sAdhAraNa vizeSaNoM ke kAraNa sUrya para cetana turaMgAdhipa kA vyavahArasamAropa bhI pratIta hotA hai ataH samAsokti bhI hai / 'prAyo'bja' tathA isa udAharaNa meM yaha bheda hai ki vahAM guNa kI phalarUpa meM saMbhAvanA kI gaI hai, yahA~ parivartana kriyA kii|) (isa saMbaMdha meM pUrvapakSI ko yaha zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki alaMkAra sarvasvakAra ne to aura prakAra kI bhI utprekSAyeM mAnI haiM, yathA jAtyutprekSA, kriyosprekSA, guNotprekSA, dravyo. sprekSA-to appaya dIkSita ne unakA saMketa kyoM nahIM kiyA, isI kA samAdhAna karate haiM:-) TippaNI-sA ca jAtikriyAguNadravyANAmaprakRtAdhyavaseyatvena caturdhA / (a0sa0pR072) ( sAtha hI inake udAharaNoM ke lie dekhiye vahI, pR0 73-74)

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utprekSAlaGkAraH 'manye-zaGke-dhra-prAyo-nUnamityevamAdibhiH / utprekSA vyajyate zabdairivazabdo'pi tAdRzaH' / ityutprekSAvyaJjakatvena parigaNitAnAM zabdAnAM prayoge vaacyaaH| teSAmaprayoge gmyotprekssaa| yathAtvatkIrtibhraMmaNazrAntA viveza svarganimnagAm / / 33-35 / / utprekSA kevala itane hI prakAra kI hotI haiN| ye sabhI do taraha kI hotI haiM:vAcyotprekSA tathA gamyotprekSA / jahA~ utprekSAdhyakSakoM kI koTi meM parigaNita zabdoM meM se kisI kA prayoga ho, vahA~ vAcyotprekSA hotI hai| jaisA ki kahA hai-'manye, zaMke, dhruvaM, prAyaH' nUnaM ityAdi zabdoM ke dvArA utprekSA kI vyaMjanA kI jAtI hai tathA 'iva' zabda bhI aisA (utprekSAdhyakSaka) hI hai| inameM se kisI zabda kA prayoga na hone para gamyotprekSA hotI haiN| jaise isa udAharaNa meM-'he rAjan , tumhArI kIrti ghUmate-ghUmate thakakara AkAza gaMgA meM mila gii|' (yahA~ kIrti ke svagaMgA meM praveza kI sambhAvanA meM vastUtprekSA hai, tathA saMsAra meM ghUmane se thakane kI saMbhAvanA meM hetUprekSA kI gaI hai|) TippaNI-utprekSA ke do bheda mAne jAte haiM-vAcyA tathA prtiiymaanaa| ataH yaha zaMkA honI Avazyaka hai ki pratIyamAnA ko alaMkAra mAnanA ThIka nahIM, kyoMki vahA~ to vyaMgya hone ke kAraNa vaha dhvani meM antarbhAvita ho jaaygii| isakA nirAkaraNa karate hue rasikaraMjanIkAra gaMgAdhara ne batAyA hai ki jahA~ utprekSApratIti ke binA vAkyAthe ThIka nahIM baiTha pAtA, vahA~ vaha utprekSA alaMkAra vAcyArtha kA upaskAraka hone ke kAraNa guNIbhUta ho jAtA hai| 'tvatkIrti' ityAdi udAharaNa meM 'zrAntA iva' (mAno thakakara ) isa artha kI pratAti ke binA vAkyAthe saMgata nahIM baiTha paataa| isalie yaha utprekSA dhvani meM kaise antarbhAvita ho sakatI hai| vahA~ to vyaMgyArtha vAcyArtha kA upaskAraka nahIM hotaa| utprekSAdhvani to vahA~ hogI jahA~ vAkyArtha svata: paryavasita ho jaataa| ntara zabdazakti yA arthazakti ke dvArA utprekSA kI pratIti ho| jaise 'kezeSu."saMsthApitaH' meM, jahA~ vAkyAthe pUrNa ho jAne para bhI isa bAta kI vyaMjanA hotI hai ki 'rAjA ke dvArA jayazrI kA suratArtha kezagrahaNa karane para use rati karate dekhakara mAno kAmoddIpta huI guphAe~ rAjA ke zatruoM ko apane kaMTha meM grahaNa karatI haiM ( mAno AliMgana kara letI haiN)| yaha utprekSAdhvani vAcyArthazakti se anuprANita hotI hai / 'nanu, pratIyamAnosprekSAyAH kathamalaGkAravarge parigaNanaM, vyaMgyatayA tasyAH dhvanAvantarbhAvAditi cenna / vyaMgyatve'pi nAsyAH dhvnaavntrbhaavH| yatra hi utprekSApratItimantareNa na vAkyArthanirvAhaH tatra pratIyamAnAyA api tasyA vAcyArthopaskArasvena guNIbhAvAt / na hi 'svakIrtirdhamaNazrAnte' syatra zrAnteveti ivArthapratItimantareNa vAkyArthaparipoSaH / ataH pratIyamAnotprekSAyAH na dhvnaavntrbhaavH| yatra punaH paryavasite vAkyAthai zabdazaktya. rthshktibhyaamutprekssaabhivyktisttraivotprekssaadhvniH| yathA 'kesesu balAmoDiateNa samarammi jaasirI ghiaa| jaha kaMdArahi vihurA tassa dilaM kaNThaammi saMThaviA // kezeSu balAskRtya tena samare jyshriihiitaa| tathA kaMdarAbhirvidhurAstasya dRDhaM kaNThe sNsthaapitaaH|| iti| vAkyArthabodhe paryavasite jayazrIkezagrahAvalokanoddIpitamadanA iva kandarAstAnvidhurAnkaNThe gRhantIvetyutprekSAdhvanirarthazaktyudbhavo'nuraNanarUpa iti / ( rasikaraMjanI TIkA pR0 67)

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44 kuvalayAnandaH www. 13 atizayoktyalaGkAraH swmm nmmmm rUpakAtizayoktiH syAnigIryAdhyavasAnataH / pazya nIlotpaladvandvAnniHsaranti zitAH zarAH // 36 // viSayasya strazabdenollekhanaM vinApi viSayivAcakenaiva zabdena grahaNaM viSayanigaraNaM tatpUrvakaM viSayasya viSayirUpatayA'dhyavasAnamAhAryanizcayastasminsati rUpakAtizayoktiH / yathA nIlotpala - zarazabdAbhyAM locanayoH kaTAkSANAM ca grahaNapUrvakaM tadrUpatAdhyavasAnam | yathA vA vApI kApi sphurati gagane tatparaM sUkSmapadyA sopAnAlImadhigatavatI kAJcanImaindranIlI / 13. atizayokti alaMkAra 36 - jahAM viSayI ( upamAna ) viSaya (upameya) kA nigaraNa kara usake sAtha adhyavasAna (abheda ) sthApita kare, vahAM rUpakAtizayokti alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, dekho, nIlakamala se tIna bANa nikala rahe haiM / yahA~ sundarI ke netroM (viSaya) kA nIlotpala (triSayI) ne nigaraNa kara liyA hai isI taraha usake kaTAkSoM (viSaya) kA tIkSNa bANoM (viSayI) ne nigaraNa kara liyA hai| ataH yahA~ rUpakAtizayokti alaMkAra hai / ) TippaNI- rUpakAtizayokti kA lakSaNapariSkAra candrikAkAra ke dvArA yoM kiyA gayA hai :'anupAttaviSayadharmikA hAryaMnizcayaviSayIbhUtaM viSayyabhedatAdrUpyAnyataradrUpakAtizayoktiH / ' yahA~ 'anupAttaviSayadharmika' vizeSaNa rUpaka alaMkAra kA vAraNa karatA hai, kyoMki vahA~ viSaya (upameya) kA upAdAna hotA hai, 'AhAryaviSayIbhUtaM' pada se bhrAMtimAn alaMkAra kA vAraNa hotA hai, kyoMki yahA~ viSaya meM viSayI kA jJAna kalpita hotA hai, bhrAMti meM vaha anAhArya hotA hai, nizcayaviSayabhUta pada se utprekSA kA vAraNa hotA hai, kyoMki utprekSA meM saMbhAvanA hotI hai, nizcaya nahIM / utprekSA meM viSaya tathA viSayoM ko abhinnatA sAdhya hotI hai, jaba ki atizayokti meM vaha siddha hotI hai, ataH yahA~ usakA nizcaya hotA hai / jahA~ viSaya (upameya) kA svazabda se upAdAna na kiyA gayA ho aura viSayI ( upamAna ) ke vAcaka zabda ke dvArA hI usakA bodha karAyA jAya, vahA~ viSayI ke dvArA viSaya kA nigaraNa kara liyA jAtA hai / isa viSaya - nigaraNa ke dvArA viSaya kA viSayI ke rUpa meM adhyavasAna honA AhAryanizcaya hai, isa adhyavasAna ke hone para rUpakAtizayoki alaMkAra hotA hai / udAharaNa ke lie, kArikA ke uttarArdha meM nIlotpala tathA zara zabda viSayI (upamAna ) ke vAcaka haiM, inake dvArA netra tathA kaTAkSa rUpa viSayoM (upameya ) kA nigaraNa kara unake rUpa meM unakI adhyavasiti ho gaI hai, ataH yahA~ rUpakAtizayokti alaMkAra hai / isakA anya udAharaNa nimna hai| -- koI kavi nAyikA ke aMgoM kA - madhyadeza se lekara mukha taka kA varNana kara rahA hai| AkAza ( AkAza ke samAna durlacya madhyabhAga ) meM koI atizaya suMdara ( bAvalI ke samAna gambhIra nAbhi ) suzobhita ho rahI hai| usake Upara indranIlamaNi se banI eka

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atizayoktyalaGkAraH agre zailau sukRtisugamau candanacchannadezau tatratyAnAM sulabhamamRtaM saMnidhAnAtsudhAMzoH / / atra vApyAdizabdai bhiprabhRtayo nigiirnnaaH| atrAtizayoktau rUpakavizeSaNaM rUpake darzitAnAM vidhAnAmihApi saMbhavo'stItyatidezena pradarzanArtham / tenAtrApyabhedAtizayoktistAdrUpyAtizayoktiriti dvaividhyaM draSTavyam / tatrApyAdhikyanyUnatAvibhAgazceti sarvamanusaMdheyam / choTI sI pagaDaMDI (kAlI romAvalI) dikhAI de rahI hai, jo sone kI sIDhiyoM (trivali) taka jA rahI hai| isake Age caMdana ke dvArA Dhake hue do parvata (stana) haiM, jahA~ puNyazAlI vyakti hI pahu~ca sakate haiM / jo vyakti ina parvatoM taka pahu~ca jAte haiM, unheM candramA (mukha) ke samIpa hone se amRta (adhararasa) kI prApti sukha se ho sakatI hai| __yahA~ vApI, gagana, sUcamapadyA, sopAnAlI, zaila, amRta tathA sudhAMzu rUpa viSayI (upamAnoM) ke dvArA kramazaH nAbhi, madhyabhAga, romAvali, trivali, stana, adhararasa tathA mukha rUpa viSaya (upameyoM) kA nigaraNa kara liyA gayA hai| isa bhede abhedarUpA atiza. yokti ko rUpakAtizayokti isalie kahA gayA hai ki 'rUpaka' vizeSaNa ke prayoga ke dvArA isa bAta kA nirdeza karanA abhISTa hai ki rUpaka meM pradarzita bheda yahA~ bhI ho sakate haiN| ataH yahA~ isa alaGkAra ke uddezya (nAma) meM 'rUpaka' kA prayoga atideza (sAdRzya) ke AdhAra para ukta tathya kA nirdeza karane ke liye kiyA gayA hai| isalie jisa prakAra rUpaka meM abhedarUpaka tathA tApyarUpaka do bheda mAne gaye haiM, vaise hI yahA~ bhI abhedAtizayokti tathA tApyAtizayokti ye do bheda mAne jAne caahie| isI taraha jaise rUpaka meM Adhikya tathA nyUnatA kA vibhAga batAyA gayA hai, vaise hI yahA~ bhI yaha bheda mAnanA caahie| TippaNI-appaya dIkSita ke matAnusAra rUpakAtizayokti meM bhI viSayyabheda pAyA jAtA hai / navya AlaMkArika isa mata se sahamata nahIM haiN| unake mataM se atizayokti meM khAsa cIja viSayI ke dvArA viSaya kA nigaraNa hotA hai / ataH nigaraNa meM sarvatra viSaya kI pratIti viSayitAvacchedakadharma ke rUpa meM hotI hai| ( yathA mukha kI pratIti candratvAvacchedakadharmarUpeNa hotI hai ), viSayyabhinnatva (viSayI se abhinna hone ) ke rUpa meM nhiiN| ataH appaya dIkSita kA abheda mAnakara rUpaka kI samasta vidhAoM kI yahA~ kalpanA karanA vyartha hai / isa mata kA saMketa karate paMDitarAja likhate haiM:___ 'evaM ca nigaraNe sarvatrApi viSayitAvacchedakadharmarUpeNaiva viSayasya bhAnam, na viSayyabhinnatveneti sthite 'rUpakAtizayoktiH syAnnigIryAdhyavasAnataH' ityuktvA 'atrAtizayoktI rUpakavizeSaNaM rUpake darzitAnAM vidhAnAmihApi saMbhavo'stItyatidezena pradarzanArtham tenAbrApyabhedAtizayokistAdrapyAtizayoktiriti' kuvalayAnande yaduktaM tannirastam' iti nvyaa|' (rasagaMgAdhara pR0 414) prAcya AlaMkArika atizayokti meM bhI viSayyabheda mAnate haiM / yaha avazya hai ki yahA~ pradhAnatA (vidheyatA) nigaraNa kI ho hotI hai| yahI rUpaka se isakI viziSTatA batAtA hai| adhyavasAya (viSayyabhedapratIti) yahA~ siddha hotA hai, utprekSA kI bhA~ti sAdhya nahIM hotA, sAtha hI yaha adhyavasAya nizcayAtmaka hotA hai, jaba ki utprekSA meM saMbhAvanA mAtra hotI hai, ataH isa dRSTi se yaha utprekSA se viziSTa hai| rUpaka se isakA yaha bheda hai ki yahA~ viSayI ke dvArA nigIrNa viSaya meM adhyavasAya (viSayyabhedapratipatti) hotA hai|

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46 kuvalayAnandaH yathA vA (viddha. bhaM.)sudhAbaddhagrAsairupavanacakorairanusRtAM kirajyotsnAmacchAM lavaliphalapAkapraNayinIm / upaprAkArAgraM prahiNu nayane tarkaya manA ganAkAze ko'yaM galitahariNaH zItakiraNaH / / ityatra 'ko'yaM galitahariNaH zItakiraNa' ityuktyA prasiddhacandrA dastata utkarSazca gbhitH| evamanyatrApyUhanIyam // 36 // 'prAJcastu rUpaka ivAtrApi viSayyabhedo bhaaste| paraM tu nigINe viSaye iti rUpakAdasyA vizeSaH / adhyavasAyasya siddhatvenAprAdhAnyAnizcayAtmakatvAcca sAdhyAdhyavasAnAyAH saMbhAvanAtmakotprekSAyA vailakSaNyam' ityaahuH| "ata evAtizayoktAvabhedo'nuvAdya eva, na vidheya iti prAcAmuktiH saMgacchate // ' ( bahI pR0 415 ) rUpakAtizayokti kA dUsarA udAharaNa nimna hai :'jarA isa parakoTe ke agale hisse para to dRSTi DAlo, kucha anumAna to lagAo ki AkAza ke binA hI, usa parakoTe para binA hiraNa vAlA (jisakA hiraNa kA kalaMka gala gayA hai), yaha candramA kauna hai ? yaha candramA cAroM ora svaccha cA~danI ko chiTakA rahA hai, aura lavalIlatA ke pake phaloM ke samAna zveta candrikA ko amRta kA grAsa samajha kara grahaNa karane vAle, upavana ke cakoroM ke dvArA usakA pAna kiyA gayA hai| (yaha viddhazAlabhaMjikA nATikA meM rAjA kI ukti hai| rAjA vidUSaka se nAyikA ke mukha kI prazaMsA kara rahA hai| yahA~ nAyikAmukha (viSaya) kA nigaraNa kara candramA (viSayI) ke sAtha usakA adhyavasAya sthApita kiyA gayA hai|) yahA~ 'ko'yaM galitahariNaH zItakiraNaH' pada se isa candra (mukha) kA prasiddha candra se bheda evaM utkarSa vyaJjita kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra anya sthaloM meM bhI aisA hI samajhanA caahie| TippaNI-candrikAkAra ne isI DhaMga kA eka dUsarA padya diyA hai, jahA~ bhI viSayI ( upamAna) isI taraha kalpita hai : anucchiSTo devairaparidalito rAhudazanaiH kalaMkenAzliSTo na khalu paribhUto dinkRtaa| kuhUbhina! lipto na ca yuvativakreNa vijitaH kalAnAthaH ko'ya knkltikaayaamudyte|| yahA~ prasiddha candra se isa candra (mukha ) kI adhikatA vAlI ukti hai / yaha ukti nyUnatAparaka bhI ho sakatI hai, jaise-ko'yaM bhUmigatazcandraH' meM jahAM candramA kI 'adivyatA' ( bhUmigatatva ) rUpa nyUnatA pAI jAtI hai / dIkSita tathA candrikAkAra dvArA udAhRta padyoM meM 'ayaM' kA prayoga hone se yahA~ viSaya ( upameya ) kA upAdAna ho gayA hai, ataH atizayokti kaise ho sakatI hai ( rUpaka alaMkAra honA cAhie ) isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna candrikAkAra ne yoM kiyA hai| yahA~ 'ayaM' kA prayoga viSayI ke vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai / ( yaha yahA~ 'candramA' kA vizeSaNa hai, 'mukha' kA bodhaka nahIM ) isa sthiti meM yahA~ atizayokti alaMkAra hI hogA, yadi isameM viSaya ( mukha ) kI vizeSaNatA mAnanA abhISTa ho to rUpaka alaMkAra hogaa| isIlie mammaTa ne rUpaka tathA atizayokti ke sandeha saGkara meM-'nayanAnandadAyIMdorbimbametat prasIdati' yaha udAharaNa diyA hai, jahA~ 'etat' ko 'bimba' kA vizeSaNa mAnane para atizayokti hogI, 'mukhaM' kA bodhaka mAnane para rUpaka / rUpakAtizayokti ke bAda ayizayokti ke anya bhedoM ko le rahe haiN|

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atizayoktyalaGkAraH www yadyapahRtigarbhatvaM saiva sApahavA matA / tvatsUktiSu sudhA rAjanbhrAntAH pazyanti tAM vidhau // 37 // atra 'tvatsUktimAdhuryamevAmRtam' ityatizayoktizcandramaNDalasthamamRtaM na bhavatItyapahRtigarbhA / yathA vA muktAvidrumamantarA madhurasaH puSpaM paraM dhUrvahaM prAyadyutimaNDale khalu tayorekAsikA nArNave / tazcodayati zaGkhamUrdhni na punaH pUrvAcalAbhyantare tAnImAni vikalpayanti ta ime yeSAM na sA dRkpathe // atrAdhararasa eva madhurasa ityAdyatizayoktiH puSparaso madhuraso na bhavatItyapahnutigarbhA / alaGkArasarvasvakRtA tu svarUpotprekSAyAM sApahnavatvamudAhRtam 47 ww 37 - yadi yahI atizayokti apahnuti alaMkAra se yukta ho, to sApahnavA atizayokti hotI hai / ( bhAva yaha hai, atizayokti do taraha kI hotI hai-sApahnavA tathA nira pahnavA / ) sApahnavA kA udAharaNa yaha hai / 'he rAjan, terI sUkti meM hI amRta hai, mUrkha loga use candramA meM dekhA karate haiM / ' 1 yahA~ 'terI sUkti kI madhuratA hI amRta hai' yaha atizayokti hai, isake sAtha kavi ne candramaNDalasthita amRta amRta nahIM hai, isa prakAra vAstavika amRtasva kA niSedha kiyA hai, ataH yaha atizayokti apahnutigarbhA haiM / TippaNI- paMDitarAja jagannAtha ne dIkSita ke isa atizayoktibheda kA khaNDana kiyA hai / paMDitarAja paryastApahnuti ko hI apahnuti nahIM mAnate / ataH etanmUlaka apahRtigarbhA atizayokti ko mAnane ke pakSa meM bhI nahIM haiN| -: .... yattu kuvalayAnande--'yadyapahnavagarbhatvaM tAM vidhau' ityatra paryastApahnutigarbhAmatizayoktimAhustaccintyam / paryastApahnuterapahnutitvaM na prAmANikasaMmatamiti prAgevAvedanAt / ( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 420 ) isakA anya udAharaNa nimna hai| : koI kavi kisI sundarI ke aMgoM kA varNana kara rahA hai :- saccA madhurasa yadi kahIM hai, to vaha motI (daMtapaMkti) tathA vidruma ( adhara) ke bIca meM hai, puSpoM kA rasa saccA madhurasa nahIM hai, khAlI usane madhurasa kA nAma dhAraNa kara rakhA hai| ye motI aura vidruma samudra meM nahIM pAye jAte, yadi ye kahIM eka sAtha pAye jAte haiM to candramA ke maMDala ( mukha ) meM hI / yaha candramA pUrva dizA ke A~cala meM nahIM udita hotA, apitu zaMkha (grIvA) ke sira para udita hotA hai-jina logoM ke nayanapatha meM vaha suMdarI avatarita nahIM hotI, ve hI loga ina tattat vastuoM ke viSaya meM vikalpa ( tarkavitarka ) kiyA karate haiM / yahA~ 'adhararasa hI madhurasa hai' yaha atizayokti 'puSparasa madhurasa nahIM' isa apahnuti ke dvArA garbhita hai / ( isI taraha 'mukha hI candra hai' 'grIvA hI zaMkha hai' ye donoM atizayokiyA~ bhI 'motI aura vidruma samudra meM nahIM pAye jAte' tathA 'candramA pUrva dizA meM udita nahIM hotA' ina apahnutiyoM se saMyukta haiM / ) alaMkAra sarvasvakAra ruyyaka ne to svarUpotprekSA meM bhI sApahnava bheda mAnA hai / isake udAharaNa meM unhoMne nimna padya diyA hai| :

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48 kuvalayAnandaH gatAsu tIraM timighaTTanena sasaMbhramaM pauravilAsinISu / yatrollasatphenataticchalena muktATTahAseva vibhAti ziprA / / iti / tatastviyAnatra bhedaH / etattu zuddhApanatigarbham / yatra phenatatitvamapahnataM tatraivATTahAsatvotprekSaNAt , iha tu paryastApahnatigarbhatvamindumaNDalAdAvapadbhutasyAmRtAdeH sUktyAdiSu nivezanAt / idaM ca paryastApahnatigarbhatvamutprekSAyAmapi saMbhavati / tatra svarUpotprekSAyAM yathA ( nai0 7|39)jaane'tiraagaadidmev bimba bimbasya ca vyaktamito'dharatvam / dvayorvizeSAvagamAkSamANAM nAmni bhramo'bhUdanayojanAnAm / / atra prasiddhabimbaphale bimbatAmapahnatyAtirAgeNa nimittena damayantyadhare tadutprekSA paryastApahnatigI / hetUtprekSAyAM tadgatvaM prAglikhite hetUtprekSodAharaNa eva dRzyate / tatra cAndhakAreSvAndhyahetutvamapahRtyAnyatra tannivezitam / 'jaba jala krIDA karatI puraramaNiyA~ machaliyoM ke saMgharSaNa se Dara kara tIra para calI jAtI haiM, to siprA nadI uphanate hue phena ke bahAne (unako DarA dekhakara) aTTahAsa karatI suzobhita hotI hai|' ___ isa udAharaNa se Upara vAle sApahnava atizayokti ke prakAra meM yaha bheda hai ki 'gatA. su tIraM' ityAdi padya meM zuddhApahatigarbhA utprekSA pAI jAtI hai, kyoMki jahA~ phenatati ke dharma (phenatatitva) kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai, vahIM aTTahAsa kI utprekSA (sambhAvanA) kI gaI hai| jaba ki 'svatsUktiSu' tathA 'muktA vidrumamantarA' Adi udAharaNoM meM paryastApahatigarbhA atizayokti pAI jAtI hai, kyoMki yahA~ candramaNDalAdi meM amRtatvAdi kA niSedha kara usakI sthiti sUkti Adi meM batAI gaI hai| yaha paryastApahnati utprekSA meM bhI prayukta ho sakatI hai| svarUpotprekSA meM paryastApahnutigarbhatva kA udAharaNa nimna hai: naiSadhIya carita ke saptama sarga se damayaMtI ke nakhazikha varNana kA padya hai| kavi damayaMtI ke adhara kA varNana kara rahA hai-mujhe aisA pratIta hotA hai ki saccA 'bimba', biMbAphala to yahI (damayantI kA adhara hI) hai, kyoMki isameM biMba nAma se prasiddha phala se adhika lalAI pAI jAtI hai, aura biMba nAmaka phala isase sacamuca nikRSTa koTi kA (adhara) hai| sAdhAraNa buddhi vAle loga isa bAta kA tAratamya na samajha pAye ki saccA biMba yaha hai, aura sacA biMbAdhara (biMba se adhara, nikRSTa) vaha phala / isa bheda ke na jAnane ke kAraNa hI logoM ko inake nAma meM bhrama ho gyaa| (phalataH ve biMba ko bibAdhara kahane lage aura bimbAdhara ko bimb|) yahA~ prasiddha bimbAphala meM bimbatA (dharma) kA niSedha kara atirAga rUpa saMbaMdha ke kAraNa damayantI ke adhara meM bimbatva kI sambhAvanA kI gaI hai, ataH yaha paryastApahnati. garbhA utprekSA hai| hetUtprekSA meM paryastApahnati kA garbhava pichale hetUtprekSA ke udAharaNa (-gAvo'pi netrAparanAmadheyAstenedamAndhyaM khalu nAndhakAraiH) meM hI dekhA jA sakatA hai| yahA~ andhakAra meM AndhyahetusvarUpa dharma kA niSedha kara usakA anyatra saMniveza kiyA gayA hai| phalotprekSA meM paryastApahatigarbhatva kA udAharaNa nimna hai:

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atizayoktyalabAraH 46 phalotprekSAyAM yathA ravitapto gajaH padmAMstadgRhyAnbAdhituM dhruvam / saro vizati na snAtuM gajasnAnaM hi niSphalam / / atra gajasya saraHpravezaM prati phale snAne phalatvamapahutya padmabAdhane tannivezitam / alamanayA prasaktAnuprasaktyA, prakRtamanusarAmaH / / 37 // bhedakAtizayoktistu tasyaivAnyatvavarNanam / anyadevAsya gAmbhIryamanyaddhayaM mahIpateH // 38 // atra lokaprasiddhagAmbhIryAdyabhede'pi bhedo vrnnitH| yathA vA anyeyaM rUpasaMpattiranyA vaidgdhydhornnii| naiSA nalinapatrAkSI sRSTiH sAdhAraNI vidheH // 38 // saMbandhAtizayoktiH syAdayoge yogakalpanam / saudhAgrANi purasyAsya spRzanti vidhumaNDalam // 36 // . 'hAthI sarovara meM isalie ghusatA hai ki vaha use tapAne (parezAna karane ) vAle sUrya ke pakSa vAle (mitra) kamaloM ko parezAna karanA cAhatA hai, vaha isalie sarovara meM nahIM ghusatA ki nahAnA cAhatA hai, kyoMki hAthI kA snAna to niSphala hai|' yahA~ 'hAthI sarovara meM nahAne ke lie ghusatA hai' saraHpraveza. kriyA ke isa vAstavika phala kA gopana kara 'kamaloM ko parezAna karanA' usakA phala sambhAvita kiyA gayA hai| (isa udAharaNa meM pratyanIka alaMkAra bhI hai|) isa prasaMgavaza upasthita prakaraNa (utprekSA alaMkAra ke viSaya ) kA adhika vicAra karanA vyartha hai, prakRta prakaraNa (atizayoki) kA anusaraNa karate haiN| (bhedakAtizayokti) 34-jahAM usI (viSaya hI) ko anya ke rUpa meM varNita kiyA jAya, vahAM bhI bheda. kAtizayokti hotI hai| jaise, isa rAjA kA gAMbhIrya dUsare hI DhaMga kA hai, isakA dhairya bhI anya prakAra kA hai| / yahA~ rAjA kA gAmbhIrya tathA dhairya prasiddha gAMbhIrya tathA dhairya se bhinna nahIM hai, phira bhI kavi ne usake anyatva kI kalpanA kI hai| isa prakAra yahA~ gAMbhIryAdi ke abhinna hone para bhI bhinnatA batAI gaI hai| (isI ko prAcIna AlaMkArikoM ne abhede bhedarUpA ati. zayokti kahA hai|) isakA anya udAharaNa yaha hai :__ yaha kamala ke samAna A~khoM vAlI sundarI brahmA kI sAdhAraNa sRSTi nahIM hai / isakI rUpazobhA kucha dUsarI hI hai, isakI cAturya paripATI (caturatA) bhI dUsare hI prakAra kI hai| yahA~ sundarI kI rUpa sampatti tathA cAturI kA anyatvavarNana kiyA gayA hai, ataH bhedakAtizayokti alaMkAra hai| 39-jahA~ asambandha meM sambandha kA varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ sambandhAtizayokti alaMkAra hotA hai, jaise, isa nagara ke mahaloM ke agrabhAga candramA ke maNDala ko chUte haiN| (yahA~ saudhAna tathA candramaNDala ke asaMbaMdha meM bhI saMbaMdha kA varNana kiyA gayA hai|) 4 kuva0

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kuvalayAnandaH yathA vA katipayadivasaH kSayaM prayAyAt kanakagiriH kRtavAsarAvasAnaH / iti mudamupayAti cakravAkI vitaraNazAlini vIrarudradeve // atra cakravAkyAH sUryAstamayakArakamahAmerukSayasaMbhAvanAprayuktasaMtoSAsaMbandhe'pi tatsaMbandho varNitaH // 34 // TippaNI-sa udAharaNa ke sambandha meM candrikAkAra ne eka zaMkA uThA kara usakA samAdhAna kiyA hai| unakA kahanA hai ki 'saudhAgrANi purasyAsya spRzaMtIveMdumaNDalam' pATha rakhane para 'sva' ke prayoga se yahA~ utprekSA alaMkAra ho jAtA hai / ataH 'spRzaMti vidhumaNDalam' vAle pATha meM ivAdi ke aprayoga vAlI gamyotprekSA kyoM nahIM mAnI jAtI hai kyoMki hama dekhate haiM ki jahA~ ivAdi kA prayoga hone para vAcyotprekSA hotI hai, vahIM ivAdi ke aprayoga meM gamyotprekSA hotI hai| sAtha hI aisA na mAneMge to gampotprekSA ke udAharaNa 'tvatkIrtibhramaNazAMtA viveza svarganimnagAm' meM bhI gamyotprekSA na ho skegii| ___ candrikAkAra ne isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna yoM kiyA hai :-ApakA yaha niyama vahIM lAgU hogA, jahA~ koI anya ( utprekSA bhinna ) alaMkAra kA viSaya na ho| agara aisA na mAnA jAyagA, to 'nUnaM mukhaM candraH' meM vAcyotprekSA mAnane para 'nUna ke aprayoga para 'mukhaM candra meM gamyotprekSA mAnanI par3egI, jaba ki yahA~ rUpaka alaMkAra hogaa| isa sthala meM bhI asaMbaMdhe saMbaMdharUpA atizayokti kA viSaya hai, ataH gamyotprekSA nahIM mAnI jA sktii| sAtha hI 'svatkIrtiH' vAle udAharaNa meM gamyotprekSA hamane 'bhramaNazrAMtA' isa hetvaMza meM mAnI hai "svargaMgApravezAMza' meM nhiiN| Upara jisa zaMkA kA saMketa kara candrikAkAra ne samAdhAna kiyA hai, vaha paMDitarAja jagannAtha kA mata hai / (de0rasagaMgAdhara pR0 420-421 ) paMDitarAja jagannAtha spaSTa kahate haiM ki asaMbaMdhe saMbaMdharUpA atizayokti kA udAharaNa aisA denA cAhie jisameM gamyotprekSA na ho ske| ve svayaM apane dvArA udAhRta padya kA saMketa karate haiM, jo utprekSA se asaMzliSTa hai| 'tasmAdusprekSAsAmagrI yatra nAsti tAdRzamudAharaNamucitam / ( vahI pR0 421) isakA zuddha udAharaNa paMDitarAja kA yaha padya hai| 'dhIradhvanibhiralaM te nIrada me mAsiko grbhH| unmadavAraNabuddhayA madhyejaTharaM samucchalati // koI zeranI bAdala se kaha rahI hai-'he bAdala, gambhIra dhvani na kara, merA eka mahIne kA garbha, yaha samajha kara ki bAhara koI masta hAthI cighAr3a rahA hai, peTa ke bhItara uchala rahA hai|' ___ yahA~ 'zeranI ke garbha kA uchalanA' isa asaMbaMdha meM bhI uchalane rUpa saMbaMdha kI ukti zera ke zauryAtizaya kI dyotaka hai, ataH yaha asaMbaMdhe saMbaMdharUpA atizayokti hai| (bhatra siMhIvacane samuchalanA'saMbaMdhe'pi samucchalanasaMbaMdhoktiH shauryaatishaayikaa|) (vahI pR0 416) isa udAharaNa meM utprekSA sAmagrI kA sarvathA abhAva hai| isakA anya udAharaNa yaha hai : koI kavi rudradeva nAmaka rAjA kI dAnavIratA kA varNana karatA hai :'vIra rudradeva ke dAnazIla hone para cakravAkI isalie prasanna ho rahI hai ki aba dina kA anta karane vAlA suvarNa kA parvata ( meru) kucha hI dinoM meM samApta ho jaaygaa|' yahAM 'sUryAsta ko karanevAlA meru parvata zIghra hI samApta ho jAyagA' isa sambhAvanA ke dvArA prayukta cakravAkI ke saMtoSa ke asaMbaMdha meM bhI usake saMbaMdha kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isI ko anya AlaMkArikoM ne asaMbaMdhe saMbaMdharUpA atizayokti mAnA hai|

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atizayoktyalaGkAraH yoge'pyayogo'saMbandhAtizayoktiritIryate / tvayi dAtari rAjendra ! svarddhamAnnAdriyAmahe // 40 // atra svamecyAdarasaMbandhe'pi tadasaMbandho varNita ityasaMbandhAtizayoktiH / yathA vA anayoranavadyAGgi ! stanayojRmbhamANayoH / avakAzo na paryAptastava bAhulatAntare // 40 // akramAtizayoktiH syAt sahatve hetukAryayoH / AliGganti samaM deva ! jyAM zarAzca parAzca te // 41 // 51 * mauryA yadA zarasaMdhAnaM kRtaM tadAnImeva zatravaH kSitau patantIti hetukAryayoH sahatvaM varNitam / yathA vA muJcati muJcati kozaM bhajati ca bhajati prakampamarivargaH / hammIra vIrakhaDge tyajati tyajati kSamAmAzu // ( saMbaMdhAtizayokti ) 40--jahA~ sambandha (yoga) hone para bhI asambandha kI ukti pAI jAya, vahA~ asambandhAtizayokti hotI hai / ( yaha atizayokti pahale vAlI atizayokti kI ulaTI hai| ise hI anya AlaMkArikoM ne sambandharUpA atizayokti mAnA hai / ) jaise, koI kavi kisI rAjA kI dAnazIlatA kI prazaMsA karatA kahatA hai- he rAjan, tuma jaise dAnI ke hone para hama kalpavRkSoM kA bhI Adara nahIM karate / yahA~ yAcaka logoM kA svardurmo ( kalpavRkSoM) ke prati Adara pAyA hI jAyA hai, tathApi isa sambandha meM asambandha ( Adara na hone ) kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha asambandhAtizayokti kA udAharaNa hai / asambandhAtizayokti kA anya udAharaNa nimna hai : -- koI kavi (athavA nAyaka ) kisI sundarI ke stanavistAra kA varNana kara rahA hai: he anindya aMgavAlI sundarI, tere bar3hate hue stanoM ke lie bA~hoM ke bIca paryApta avakAza nahIM hai / yahA~ bAhulatAoM ke bIca meM stanoM ke lie paryApta avakAza hai, kintu phira bhI kavi ne avakAzAbhAva batAyA hai, ataH saMbaMdha meM asaMbaMdha kA varNana pAyA jAtA hai| ( kramAtizayokti ) 41 - jahA~ kAraNa tathA kArya donoM sAtha-sAtha hoM, vahA~ akramAtizayokti hotI hai, jaise (koI kavi kisI rAjA kI vIratA kI prazaMsA karate kahatA hai) he rAjan, tumhAre bANa aura tumhAre zatru donoM sAtha-sAtha hI jyA (pratyacA; pRthivI) kA AliMgana karate haiN| pratyacA meM jaba vANasaMdhAna kiyA jAya ( kAraNa ) tabhI zatru pRthivI para gireMge ( kArya ) isa prakAra kAraNa kA kArya se pahale honA Avazyaka hai, kintu yahA~ jisa samaya pratyacA meM vAgasaMdhAna kiyA gayA ThIka usI samaya zatru rAjA jamIna para gira par3e - isa varNana meM kAraNa tathA kArya kA sahabhAva nirdiSTa haiM, ataH yahA~ akramAtizayokti alaGkAra hai / athavA jaise koI katri rAjA hammIra kI vIratA kA varNana kara rahA hai / jaba vIra hammIra kA khaDaga

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kuvalayAnandaH atra khaDgasya kozatyAgAdikAla eva ripUNAM dhanagRhatyAgAdi varNitam // 41 // capalAtizayoktistu kArye hetuprasaktije / yAsyAmItyudite tanvyA valayo'bhavadurmikA / / 42 / / atra nAyakapravAsaprasaktimAtreNa yoSito'tikArya kAryamukhena darzitam / yathA vA AdAtuM sakRdIkSite'pi kusume hastAgramAlohitaM ___ lAkSAraJjanavArtayApi sahasA raktaM talaM paadyoH| aGgAnAmanulepanasmaraNamapyatyantakhedAvahaM hantA'dhIradRzaH kimanyadalakAmodo'pi bhArAyate / / apanA myAna chor3atA hai, to usake zatru khajAne kA tyAga karate haiM, jaba khar3aga zatraoM kA saMhAra karane ke lie hilatA hai, to ve kampita hone lagate haiM aura jaba khar3aga kSamA chor3atA hai, to ve pRthivI ko chor3a dete haiM (raNasthala ko chor3akara yA rAjya ko tyAga kara bhAga khar3e hote haiN)| __ yahA~ hammIra ke khaDga ke kozAdityAgarUpa kAraNa ke sAtha-sAtha hI zatraoM ke dhanagRhatyAgAdi kArya kA honA varNita kiyA gayA hai, ataH akramAtizayokti alaGkAra hai| (ina donoM udAharaNoM meM jyA; koza, kSamAzabdoM ke zliSTa prayoga para atizayokti AvRta hai)| TippaNI-akramAtizayokti kA eka azliSTa udAharaNa yaha hai : samameva samAkrAntaM dvayaM dviradagAminA / / tena siMhAsanaM pitryamakhilaM cArimaNDalam // (raghuvaMza) (capalAtizayokti ) 42-jahA~ kAraNa ke jJAnamAtra se hI kArya kI utpatti ho jAya, vahA~ capalAtizayokti hotI hai| jaise, pravAsa ke lie tatpara nAyaka ke yaha kahane hI para ki 'maiM jAU~gA', nAyikA kI aMgUThI hAtha kA kaMgana bana gii| nAyikA ke kAryarUpa kArya kA kAraNa nAyaka kA videzagamana hai / isa ukti meM nAyaka ke videza jAne ke pahale hI, usake pravAsa kI bAta sunane bhara se (kAraNa ke jJAnamAtra se) nAyikA ke atikArya (atyadhika dubalI hone)rUpa kArya kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, ataH yahA~ capalAtizayokti alaMkAra hai| kisI virahiNI kI sukunAratA kA varNana hai| jaba vaha phUla ko grahaNa karane ke lie eka bAra dekhatI hai, to utane bhara se usakA karatala lAla ho jAtA hai, phUla ko hAtha meM lene kI bAta to dUra rahI, jaba usake sAmane mahAyara lagAne kI bAta kI jAtI hai, to usake pairoM ke talue lAla ho uThate haiM, pairoM meM mahAvara lagAnA to dUra rahA; aMgoM meM anulepana lagAne kA smaraNa karane bhara se use zatyadhika kaSTa hotA hai, aMgalepa lagAne kI bAta to dUra hai| bar3e duHkha kI bAta hai ki usa cakhala (adhIra) netroM vAlI sukumAra yuvatI ke lie aura to kyA, bAloM ko sugandhita banAnA bhI bozA-sA lagatA hai| yahA~ phUla ko grahaNa karane ke lie dekhale bhara se hAthoM kA lAla ho jAnA tathA tattat kAraNa se tattat kriyA ke utpanna hone kA varNana kAraNAsakti mAtra se kAryotpatti kA varNana hai, ataH capalAtizayokti alaMkAra pAyA jAtA hai / athavA jase

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atizayoktyalaGkAraH yathA vA yAmi na yAmIti dhave vadati purastAtkSaNena tanvaGgathAH / galitAni puro valayAnyaparANi tathaiva dalitAni / / 42 / / atyantAtizayoktistu paurvAparyavyatikrame / agre mAno gataH pazcAdanunItA priyeNa sA // 43 // (atyantAtizayoktistu kArye hetuprasaktije / yAsyAmItyudite tanvyA valayo'bhavadurmikA / / ) ___ 'maiM jAtA hU~' 'acchA, maiM nahIM jAtA hU~' isa prakAra pati ke dvArA bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke vacana kahane para komalAMgI ke kucha kaMkaNa to hAtha se khisaka par3e aura kucha kaMkaNa TUTa gye| yahA~ pati ke 'meM jAtA hU~' vAkya ko sunakara vaha ekadama dubalI ho gaI, phalata: usake hAtha meM kaMkama na raha pAye, ve nIce khisaka par3e; dUsarI ora usI kSaNa pati ke 'maiM nahIM jAtA hU~' vAkya ko sunakara vaha harSita hone ke kAraNa prasannatA se phUla uThI aura usake rahe sahe kaMkaNa (cUr3iyA~) hAtha meM na samAne ke kAraNa caTaka pdd'e| TippaNI-yahA~ nAyaka ke videzagamana tathA videzAgamana ke jJAnamAtra se nAyikA kA kRza tathA paSTa honA varNita haA hai. ataH yaha capalAtizayokti kA udAharaNa hai| prAcIna vidvAna isa bheda ko kAryakAraNasambandhamUlA atizayokti meM nahIM mAnate, kyoMki unakA mata hai ki jahA~ kahIM kAraNa kA abhAva hone para bhI kAryotpatti ho, vahAM vibhAvanA hotI hai| kAryahetujJAnamAtra se kAryotpatti meM eka taraha se kAraNAbhAva meM kAryotpatti hone vAlI vibhAvanA kA hI camatkAra hai| isI bAta ko gaMgAdhara vAjapeyI ne rasikaraMjanI meM nirdiSTa kiyA hai : 'atra prasiddhapravAsAdikAraNAbhAve'pi vanitAMgakAdirUpakAryotpattivarNanAt vibhAvanAlaMkAreNaiva camatkArAt na capalAtizayoktirnAmAtirikto'laGkAra urarIkAryaH / 'nAlAkSArasAsiktaM raktaM svaccaraNadvayam / ' iti lAkSArasAsecanarUpakAraNavirahe'pi raktimarUpakAryo. spattivarNanarUpavibhAvanAto mAtra vailakSaNyaM pshyaamH| iyAMstu bhedH| yattatra kAraNAbhAvo vAcyaH / atra kAraNaprasaratyuktyA kAraNAbhAvo gamyata ityanenevAbhiprAyeNa prAJco nainAM cyavajahvariti / ' ___ (rasikaraMjanA pR0 76 ) 43-(atyantAtizayokti) jahA~ kAraNa tathA kArya ke paurvAparya kA vyatikrama kara diyA jAya, arthAt kArya kI prAgbhAvitA kA varNana kiyA jAya aura kAraNa kI parabhAvitA kA, vahA~ atyantAtizayokti alaMkAra hotA hai, jaise nAyikA kA mAna to pahale hI calA gayA, pIche nAyaka ne usakA anunaya kiyaa| (yahA~ nAyikA kA mAnApanodana kArya hai, yaha nAyaka kI anunaya kriyArUpa kAraNa ke pUrva hI ho gayA hai / yadyapi kAraNa sadA kArya ke pUrva hotA hai, tathA kArya kAraNa ke bAda hI, kitu kavi apanI pratibhA se inake paurvAparya meM ulaTaphera kara dete haiN| yaha vyatikrama kArya kI kSipratA (zIghratA) kI vyaMjanA karAne ke lie kiyA jAtA hai| kAraNa tathA kArya kA sahabhAva, kAraNajJAnamAtra se kAryotpatti, kAraNa ke pUrva hI kAryotpatti, ye tInoM kavitA kI bAteM haiM, loka meM to kAraNa ke bAda hI kArya hotA hai, kyoMki kAraNa meM kArya se nipa prAgbhAvitA kA honA Avazyaka hai|)

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54 yathA vA kuvalayAnandaH wwwww m kavIndrANAmAsan prathamataramevAGgaNabhuvazcalabhRGgAsaGgAkulakarimadA modamadhurAH / amI pazcAtteSAmupari patitA rudranRpateH kaTAkSAH kSIrodaprasaraduruvIcI sahacarAH // etAstisro'pyatizayoktayaH kAryazaitryapratyAyanArthAH // 43 // isakA anya udAharaNa nimna hai / koI kavi rAjA rudra kI dAnavIratA kA varNana kara rahA hai / 'mahAkaviyoM ke A~gana pahale hI caJcala bhauroM ke kAraNa vyAkula hAthiyoM ke mada kI sugandha se sugandhita ho jAte haiM, isake bAda kahIM jAkara rAjA rudra ke dugdhasamudra kI vizAla laharoM ke samAna ( kRpA - ) kaTAkSa una para girate haiM / ' ( yahAM rAjA rudra kA prasanna honA, usake kRpAkaTAkSa kA pAta, kAraNa hai, jisase kaviyoM ke A~gana kA hastisaMkula honA rUpa kArya utpanna hotA hai / yahA~ kavi ne kArya kA pahale honA varNita kiyA hai, kAraNa kA bAda meM, ataH yaha atyantAtizayokti hai | ) ye tInoM atizayoktiyA~ kArya kI zIghratA kI vyaMjanA karAtI haiM / TippaNI-- atizayokti ke prakaraNa kA upasaMhAra karate hue candrikAkAra ne isa bAta para vicAra kiyA hai ki rUpakAtizayokti se itara bhedoM kA atizayokti meM kyoM samAveza kiyA gayA ? pUrvapakSI kI zaMkA hai ki uparyukta bhedoM meM samAna pravRttinimittatva nahIM pAyA jAtA, phalataH una sabhI ko atizayokti kyoM kahA jAtA hai ? candrikAkAra isakA samAdhAna karate kahate haiM ki ina bhedoM meM se sAmAnya lakSaga koI eka bheda kA honA yahI sabako atizayokti siddha karatA hai, atizayokti kA bhI itanA hI hai ki jahA~ inameM se koI eka bheda hogA, vahA~ atizayokti hogI / candrikAkAra ne isI sambandha meM navya AlaMkArikoM kA mata bhI diyA hai| navya AlaMkArikoM ke mata se kevala nigIryAdhyavasAnatva hI atizayokti kA lakSaNa hai, phalataH rUpakAtizayokti se bhinna bhedoM meM anya alaMkAra mAne jAne cAhie, atizayokti ke bheda nhiiN| yadi Apa yaha kaheM ki aura bhedoM meM bhI anyatvAdi ke dvArA viSaya kA nigaraNa pAyA jAtA hai, to yaha dalIla Thoka nahIM / kyoMki anyatvAdi ( yathA abhede bhedarUpA atizayokti ) meM usako abhinna vastu hone kI pratIti hI camatkArakArI hotI hai, ataH use abhedapratIti kA kAraNa mAnanA anubhava viruddha jAna par3atA hai / candrikAkAra isa navya mata se sahamata nahIM / ve atizayokti kA lakSaNa dekara usakI mImAMsA karate haiM / atizayokti kA sAmAnya lakSaNa yaha hai : - rUpakabhinnatve sati camatkRtijanakAhAryA ropanizcayaviSayatvam (eva) atizayoktisAmAnyalakSaNam / yahA~ 'rUpakabhinnatve sati' ke dvArA rUpaka kA, AhAryAdi ke dvArA bhrAMti kA tathA nizcayAdi ke dvArA utprekSA kA vAraNa kiyA gayA hai / isa sAmAnya lakSaNa ke mAnane para tadviziSTa 'camatkRtijanakaviSayatva' ina sabhI bhedoM meM pAyA jAtA hai / rUpakAtizayokti meM yaha abheda kA hai, dvitIya bheda meM anyatva kA, tosare bheda meM sambandha kA, cauthe meM asambandha kA, paMcama meM sahatva kA, SaSTha meM hetuprasaktijanyatva kA tathA saptama meM pUrvatvAparatva kA / isa prakAra aise AropaviSayatva ke kAraNa sabhI bhedoM meM lakSaNa samanvaya ho jAtA hai / yadi pUrvapakSI yaha zaMkA kare ki aisA mAnane para to rUpaka tathA svabhAvokti se itara sabhI alaMkAroM meM atiza jyokti kI ativyApti hogI, to yaha ThIka nahIM, kyoMki yaha hamAre iSTa ke viruddha hogA / jahA~ kahIM

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tulyayogitAlaGkAraH 14 tulyayogitAlaGkAraH vayonAmitareSAM vA dharmaikyaM tulyayogitA / saMkucanti sarojAni svairiNIvadanAni ca // 44 / tvadaGgamArdave dRSTe kasya citte na bhAsate / hama alaMkAroM kA nAmakaraNa karate haiM, vahA~ 'prAdhAnyena vyapadezA bhavanti' isa nyAya kA anusaraNa karate haiN| atizayokti se itara alaMkAroM meM atizayokti niHsandeha rahatI hai kiMtu vaha vahA~ pradhAnatayA sthita nahIM hotii| vahA~ camatkAra kA pramukha kAraNa koI dUsarA hI alaMkAra hotA hai, tathA usake aMga rUpa meM atizayokti pAI jAtI hai| ataH una sthaloM meM hama atizayokti kA nAma kaise de sakate haiM / kyoMki dUsare alaMkAra pradhAna haiM, ataH unhIM kA nAmakaraNa karanA hogaa| isIlie kAvyaprakAzakAra mammaTAcArya ne vizeSAlaMkAra ke prakaraNa meM yaha batAyA hai ki aise sthaloM para sarvatra atizayokti prANarUpa meM vidyamAna hotI hai, kyoMki usake binA alaMkAra nahIM raha paataa| sarvatraivaM viSaye'tizayoktireva prANatvenAvatiSThate / tAM vinA prAyeNAlaMkAratvAbhAvAt / ThIka yahI bAta bhAmaha ne bhI kahIM hai, jahA~ unakI vakrokti anya AlaMkArikoM kI yA kuntaka kI vakrokti na hokara atizayokti kA hI dUsarA nAma jAna par3atA hai| bhAmaha ne bhI vakrokti (-atizayokti) ko samasta alaMkAroM kA jIvita mAnA hai| saiSA sarvatra vakroktiranayArtho vibhaavyte| yatno'syA kavinA kAryaH ko'laMkAro'nayAvinA // daNDI ne bhI atizayokti ko samasta alaMkAroM meM nihita mAnA hai : alaMkArAntarANAmapyekamAhuH parAyaNam / vAgIzasahitAmuktimimAmatizayAhvayAm // kAvyAdarza (2.220) 14. tulyayogitA alaMkAra 44-jahA~ prastutoM (vayau~ ) athavA aprastutoM meM ekadharmAbhisambandha (dharmaikya ) ho, vahA~ tulyayogitA nAmaka alaMkAra hotA hai, jaise, candrodaya ke hone para kamala tathA kula. TAoM ke mukha saMkucita hote haiN| (yahA~ kamala tathA svairiNIvadana donoM prastuta haiM, inake varNana meM saMkocakriyArUpa ekadharmAbhisambandha kA upanyAsa kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha tulyayogitA hai| candrodaya ke samaya kulaTAoM ke mukha isalie saMkucita hote haiM, ki ve andhakAra meM hI abhisaraNAdi karanA pasaMda karatI haiM, candrodaya ke kAraNa unake svairavihAra meM vighna hotA hai|) TippaNI-tulyayogitA kA lakSaNa candrikAkAra ne yaha diyA hai :-anekaprastutamAtrasaMbaDhekacamatkAridharmAnekAprastutamAtrasaMbaddhakadharmAnyataratvaM lakSaNaM bodhyam / yahA~ aneka' vizeSaNa kA prayoga isalie kiyA gayA he ki 'mukhaM vikasitasmitaM vazitavakrimaprekSitam' ityAdi padya meM isakI ativyApti na ho sake, kyoMki vahA~ mukha meM aneka vaNyoM ke sAtha eka hI dharma kA prayoga nahIM pAyA jaataa| sAtha hI dIpaka alaGkAra kA vAraNa karane ke lie 'mAtra' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA haibhAva yaha hai, tulyayogitA vahIM hogI, jahA~ kevala prastutoM yA kevala aprastutoM kA ekadharmAbhisaMbandha hogA, jahA~ prastuta aprastuta donoM hoMge vahA~ dIka hogaa| lakSaNa meM 'anyataratva' zabda kA saMniveza isalie kiyA gayA hai ki isa alaMkAra ke do bheda hote haiM, eka prastutagata tulyayogitA, dUsarI aprastutagata tulyyogitaa| (Upara vAle kArikAdha kA udAharaNa prastutagata tulyayogitA kA hai, aba aprastutagata tulyayogitA kA udAharaNa dete haiN|)

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56 kuvalayAnandaH mAlatIzaza bhullekhA kadalInAM kaThoratA // 45 // prastutAnAma stutAnAM vA guNakriyArUpaikadharmAnvayastulyayogitA | saMkucantIti prastutatulyayogitAyA udAharaNam / tatra prastuta candrodaya kAryatayA varNanIyAnAM sarojAnAM prakAzabhIrusvairiNIvadanAnAM ca saMkocarUpaika kriyAnvayo darzitaH / uttarazloke nAyikA saukumAryavarNane prastute'prastutAnAM mAlatyAdInAM kaThoratArUpaikaguNAnvayaH / yathA vA saMjAtapatraprakarAnvitAni samudvahanti sphuTapATala tvam | vikasvarANyarka karAbhimarzAddinAni padmAni ca vRddhimIyuH // 45 - koI priya preyasI se kaha rahA hai- 'he priye, tumhAre aGgoM kI komalatA dekhane para aisA kauna hogA, jo mAlatI, candrakalA tathA kadalI meM kaThoratA kA anubhava na kare / ' ( yahA~ mAlatyAdi aprastutoM kA kaThoratA dharma ke kAraNa ekadharmAbhisaMbaMdha pAyA jAtA hai| jahA~ prastuta yA aprastutoM kA guNakriyArUpa ekadharmAbhisaMbaMdha ( ekadharmAnvaya ) ho, vahA~ tulyayogitA hotI hai / 'saMkucanti' ityAdi padyArdha prastuta tulyayogitA kA udAharaNa hai / vahA~ prastuta candrodaya ke kAryarUpa meM prastutarUpa meM varNanIya kamaloM tathA prakAza se DarI huI kuliTAoM ke mukhoM meM saMkocarUpa eka hI kriyA kA saMbaMdha varNita kiyA gayA hai / dasare zloka meM nAyikA kI sukumAratA ke varNana meM mAlatI Adi padArthoM kA varNana aprastuta hai / ina aprastuta padArthoM meM kaThoratArUpa guNa kA saMbaMdha varNita kiyA gayA hai / ( ataH yaha aprastuta tulyayogitA kA udAharaNa hai / ) TippaNI- paMDitarAja jagannAtha ne dIkSita ke tulyayogitA ke lakSaNa meM prayukta 'guNakriyArUpaikadharmAnvayaH' pada meM doSa batAyA hai ki vaha saMkucita lakSaNa hai / dIkSita kA lakSaNa ruyyaka ke matAnusAra hai | paMDitarAja dono kA khaMDana karate kahate haiM ki tulyayogitA meM guNa tathA kriyA ke atirikta abhAvAdi dharmoM kA anvaya bhI ho sakatA hai, ataH lakSaNa meM 'guNakriyAdirUpaikadharmAnvayaH' kA prayoga karanA Avazyaka hai, jaisA ki hamane kiyA hai / ruyyaka tathA appaya dIkSita ke lakSaNa ke anusAra to nimna padya meM tulyayogitA na ho sakegIzAsati tvayi he rAjannakhaNDAvanimaNDanam / - na manAgapi nizcinte maNDale zatrumitrayoH // yahA~ zatru tathA mitra rUpa padArthoM meM 'cintAbhAva' ( nizcinte ) rUpa ekadharmAnvaya pAyA jAtA hai, jo guNa yA kriyA meM se anyatara nahIM hai / ataH isakA samAveza karane ke lie hameM 'Adi' pada kA prayoga karanA ucita hai| ( de. rasagaMgAdhara pR. 425-26 ) inhIM ke kramazaH do udAharaNa dete haiN| -- grISma Rtu kA varNana hai / ( purAne pattoM ke vasaMta meM jhar3a jAne ke kAraNa ) naye pattoM samUha se yukta, praphullita pATala ke vRkSa vAle tathA sUrya kI kiraNoM se dedIpyamAna dina tathA naye pattoM vAle, vikasita evaM lAla raMga vAle tathA sUrya kI kiraNoM ke samparka se vikasita kamala donoM hI vRddhi ko prApta ho gaye / yahA~ grISma kA varNana abhipreta hai, usake aGgabhUta hone ke kAraNa divasa tathA padmoM kA varNana bhI prastuta hai, ina donoM prastutoM ke sAtha 'vRddhimIyuH' kA prayoga kara varddhana kriyArUpa ekadharma kA saMbaMdha varNita kiyA gayA hai, ataH yahA~ prastuta tulyayogitA hai /

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tulyayogitAlaGkAraH nAgendrahastAstvaci karkazatvAdekAntazaityAt kadalIvizeSAH / __ labdhvApi loke pariNAhi rUpaM jAtAstadUrvorupamAnabAhyAH / / atra grISmavarNane tadIyatvena prastutAnAM dinAnAM padmAnAM caikakriyAnvayaH / UruvarNane'prastutAnAM karikarANAM kadalIvizeSANAM caikaguNAnvayaH / / 44-45 / / hitAhite vRttitaulyamaparA tulyayogitA / pradIyate parAbhUtirmitrazAtravayostvayA // 46 // atra hitA'hitayormitraM-zAtravayorutkRSTabhUtidAnasya parAbhavadAnasya ca zle. SeNAbhedAdhyavasAyAd vRttitaulyam / yathA vA yazca nimbaM parazunA, yazcainaM madhusarpiSA / yazcainaM gandhamAlyAdyaiH sarvasya kaTureva saH // pArvatI ke Utyugala kA varNana hai / zreSTha hAthiyoM kI saiMDa meM yaha doSa hai ki unakI camar3I bar3I khuradarI hai (jaba ki pArvatI ke Uruyugala kI camar3I bahuta cikanI va mulAyama hai), kadalI meM yaha doSa hai ki vaha sadA zItala rahatI hai (jaba ki pArvatI kA Uruyugala kabhI uga rahatA hai, to kabhI zItala) isalie vizAla rUpa ko prApta karane para bhI ye donoM padArtha pArvatI ke jaruyugala kI upamAna-koTi se gahara nikAla diye gaye haiN| - yahA~ pArvatI ke UruvarNana meM hAthI ke zuNDAdaNDa nathA kadaliyoM kA upAdAna aprastuta ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai, yahA~ ina aprastutoM meM 'pArvatI ke upamAna se bAhya ho jAnA' (tadUrUpamAnabAhyatva) rUpa guNa kA ekadharmAbhisaMbaMdha varNita kiyA gayA hai| yaha aprastuta nulyayogitA kA udAharaNa hai| ___46-jahA~ hita tathA ahita, mitra tathA zatra ke prati samAna vyavahAra (vRttitaulya, vyavahAra-sAmya) varNita kiyA jAya, vahA~ tulyayogitA kA dUsarA bheda hotA hai| jaise, he rAjan, tuma mitra tathA zatru donoM ke lie parAbhUti [ mitra-pakSa meM, atulanIya utkRSTa vibhUti (saMpatti); zatrupakSa meM parAbhUti (parAjaya)] pradAna karate ho| yahA~ mitra tathA zatru donoM ke prati rAjA parAbhUni kA dAna karatA hai| yahA~ parAbhUti zabda ke dvArA zleSa se tattat pakSa meM utkRSTa bhUtidAna tathA parAbhavadAna abhipreta hai| yaha dAna zleSa ke abhedAdhyavasAya ke kAraNa bhinna hote hue bhI abhinna varNita kiyA gayA hai| ataH hita tathA ahita donoM ke sAtha eka sA bartAva (vRttitaulya) pAye jAne ke kAraNa yahA~ tulyayogitA kA apara bheda pAyA jAtA hai| Tippago-DitarAja jagannAtha ne ise alaga tulyayogitA mAnane kA virodha kiyA hai, kyoMki isake alaga se lakSaNa mAnane kI koI jarUrata nhiiN| yaha bhI 'vAnAmitareSAM vA dharmaikyaM tulyayogitA' vAle lakSaNa meM samAhita ho jAtI hai| "etena-'hitAhite'samA' ityAdinA tulyayogitAyAH prakArAntaraM yatkuvalayAnandakRtA lakSitamudAhRtaMca tatparAstam / asyA api 'vAnAmitareSAM vA dharmakyaM tulyyogitaa|' iti pUrvalakSaNAkrAntatvAt / ' ( rasagaMgAdhara pR. 426) athavA jaise__ jo nIma ko pharase se kATatA hai, jo ise zahada aura ghI se sIMcatA hai, jo isakI gaMdha-mAlAdi se pUjA karatA hai, una sabhI ke lie yaha nIma kA per3a kar3avA hI rahatA hai|

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kuvalayAnandaH atra vRzcati-siJcati-arcati ityadhyAhAreNa vAkyAni pUraNIyAni | pUrvodAharaNaM stutiparyavasAyi, idaM tu nindAparyavasAyIti bhedaH / iyaM sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNoktA tulyayogitA // 46 / / guNotkRSTaiH samIkRtya vaco'nyA tulyayogitA / lokapAlo yamaH pAzI zrIdaH zako bhavAnapi // 47 // (yahA~ nIma ko kATane vAle, sIMcane vAle tathA pUjA karane vAle sabhI taraha ke logoM ke sAtha eka sA hI vyavahAra pAyA jAtA hai|) isa padya meM 'vRzcati, siJcati tathA arcati' (kATatA hai, sIMcatA hai, pUjA karatA hai) ina kriyAoM kA adhyAhAra karake tattat vAkyoM ko pUrNa banAnA hogaa| ina donoM udAharaNoM meM kArikArdha vAlA udAharaNa stuti ( rAjA kI stuti) meM paryavasita hotA hai, dUsarA udAharaNa nIma kI niMdA meM paryavasita ho rahA hai / tulyayogitA kA yaha bheda bhojadeva ke sarasvatIkaMThAbharaNa meM nirdiSTa hai, ataH tadanusAra hI varNita kiyA gayA hai| TippaNI-tulyayogitA ke ina bhedoM ke viSaya meM candrikAkAra ne eka zaMkA uThAkara usakA samAdhAna kiyA hai / atra kecidAhuH-neyaM tulyayogitA pUrvoktatulyayogitAto bhedamarhati / 'vAnAmitareSAM vA' ityAdi pUrvoktalakSaNAkrAntatvAt / ekAnupUrvIbodhitavastukarmakadAnamAtratvasya paramparayA tAdRzazabdasya vA dharmasyaikyAt / 'yazca nimbam'ityatrApi kaTutvaviziSTa nimbasyaiva paramparayA chedaka-secaka-pUjakatvadharmasaMbhavAt , iti tadetadapezalam / tathA hiyatrAnekAnvayitvena jJAto dharmasteSAmaupamyagamakatvena camatkRtijanakastatra pUrvoktaprakAraH, yatra tu hitAhitobhayaviSayazubhAzubharUpaikavyavahArasya vyavahartRgatastutinindAnyataradyotakatayA camatkRtijanakatvaM tatrApara iti bhedAt / natvatra 'parAbhUti'zabdasya tadarthakarmadAnasya vA paramparayA zatramitratvena bhAnama, apitu zleSabalAdekatvenAdhyavasitasya tAdRzadAnasya rAjagatatvenaiveti kathaM pUrvoktalakSaNAkrAntatvam ? etena 'yazca nimbam'ityatra kaTutvaviziSTanimba. syaiva paramparayA chedaka-sevaka-pUjakadharmasvamiti nirastam / vastugatyA taddharmatvasyAlaMkAratAsampAdakatvAbhAvAt / anyathA 'saMkucanti sarojAni' ityetAvataiva tulyayogitAlaMkArA. ptteH| kiM tvanekagatatvena jJAyamAnadharmatvasyaivatulyayogitAprayojakatvamiti tadabhAve tadanta. rgatakathanamasamaMjasameva / athApyuktodAharaNayostathA bhAnamastItyAgrahaH, tathApi na pUrvoktalakSaNasyAtra sambhavaH / 'dhamo'rtha iva pUrNazrIstvayi rAjan, virAjate' iti prakRtayorupamAyAmativyAptivAraNArthamane kAnugatadharmavaparyAptaviSayitAsaMbandhAvacchinnAvacchedakatAkacamatkRtijanakatAzrayajJAnaviSayadharmasvamiti vivakSAyAstatrAvazyakatvAt, prakRte ca hitasvAhitatvAdeviSayasyAdhikasyAnupravezAditi vibhaavniiym|' (candrikA pR0 50) 47-jahA~ zreSTha guNoM vAle padArthoM ke sAtha sAmyavivakSA kara vacana kA pratipAdana kiyA jAya, vahA~ tulyayogitA kA itara bheda hotA hai| jaise, he rAjan, yamarAja, varuNa, kubera (zrIda), indra aura Apa bhI lokapAla haiN| TippaNI-sarasvatIkaMThAbharaNa meM isa tulyayogitA kA lakSaNa yoM diyA hai : vivakSitaguNotkRSTairyatsamIkRtya kasyacit / kIrtanaM stutinindAtha sA matA tulyayogitA // ___ kuvalayAnanda. ke nirNayasAgara valayAnanda.ke nirNayasAgara saMskaraNa ke sampAdaka ne galatI se isa lakSaNa ko 46 voM kArikA vAle tulyayogitA bheda kI pAdaTippaNI meM diyA hai| yadyapi dIkSita ne 'iyaM sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNokkA

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dIpakAlaGkAraH 56 atra varNanIyo rAjA zakrAdibhirlokapAlatvena samIkRtaH / yathA vA___saMgatAni mRgAkSINAM taDidvilasitAnyapi / kSaNadvayaM na tiSThanti ghanArabdhAnyapi svayam / / pUrvatra stutiH, iha tu nindaa| iyaM kAvyAdarza darzitA | imAM tulyayogitAM siddhiriti keciddhyvjhvH| yadAha jayadevaH siddhiH khyAteSu cennAma kIyate tulyatoktaye / yuvAmeveha vikhyAtau tvaM blaijaadhrjlaiH|| iti | matAntareSvatra vakSyamANaM dIpakameva / / 47 / / 15. dIpakAlaGkAraH vadanti vayovAnAM dharmekyaM dIpakaM budhAH / madena bhAti kalabhaH pratApena mahIpatiH // 48 // tulyayogitA? yaha vRtti 46 vIM kArikA meM hI dI hai, tathApi prastuta lakSaNa 47 vIM kArikA vAle tulyayogitA ke lakSaNa se mela khAtA hai-yaha sudhiyoM ke dvArA vicAraNIya hai / __ yahA~ varNanIya rAjA ko lokapAlatva ke AdhAra para zakrAdi ke samAna batAyA gayA hai| athavA jaise hiranoM ke netroM ke samAna netravAlI sundariyoM kI Arambha meM atyadhika nibiDa saMgati tathA meghoM ke dvArA Arabdha bijalI kI camaka, donoM hI do kSaNa bhI nahIM tthhrtiiN| . ___ isa tulyayogitA bheda ke udAharaNoM meM prathama udAharaNa meM rAjA kI stuti abhipreta hai, jaba ki dvitIya udAharaNa meM striyoM ke prema tathA bijalI kI camaka kI kSaNikatA batAkara unakI niMdA abhipreta hai| daNDI ne kAvyAdarza meM isa tulyayogitA bheda ko darzAyA hai| kucha vidvAn isI tulyayogitA ko siddhi bhI kahate haiN| jaisA ki candrAlokakAra jayadeva ne batAyA hai:___'jahA~ prasiddha padArthoM meM tulyatA batAne ke lie unakA varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ siddhi nAmaka alaMkAra hotA hai / he rAjan , Apa donoM hI isa saMsAra meM prasiddha haiM, Apa bala ke kAraNa aura samudra jala ke kaarnn|' ____ dUsare AlaMkArikoM ke mata se yahA~ vakSyamANa dIpaka alaMkAra hI pAyA jAtA hai, kyoMki yahA~ aprastuta tathA prastuta ke dharmaikya kA varNana pAyA jAtA hai| 15. dIpaka alaMkAra 44-vidvAn loga dIpaka use kahate haiM, jahA~ varNya (prastuta) tathA avaye (aprastuta) kA dhamakya (ekadharmAbhisambandha) varNita kiyA jAtA hai| jaise, hAthI mada se suzobhita hotA hai, aura rAjA pratApa se suzobhita hotA hai| TippaNI-candrikAkAra ne dIpaka kA lakSaNa yoM diyA hai-vardhyAvAnvitaikacamatkAridharmo dIpakam / yahA~ lakSaNakAra ne sAdRzya' zabda kA prayoga na kara upamA kA vAraNa kiyA hai tathA 'vardhyAvAnvita' ke dvArA tulyayogitA kA vAraNa kiyA hai, kyoMki vahA~ 'varNya yA avarNya meM se anyatara kA ekadharmAbhisambandha pAyA jAtA hai|

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kuvalayAnandaH prastutAprastutAnAmekadharmAnvayo dIpakam | yathA, kalabha mahIpAlayoH prastutAprastutayorbhAnakriyAnvayaH / yathA vAmaNiH zANolloDhaH samaravijayI hetidalito madakSINo nAgaH zaradi saritaH zyAnapulinAH / kalAzeSazcandraH suratamRditA bAlavanitA tanimnA zobhante galitavibhavAzcArthiSu nRpaaH|| atra prastutAnAM nRpANAmaprastutAnAM maNyAdInAM ca shobhaikdhrmaanvyH| prastutaikaniSThaH samAno dharmaH prasaGgAdanyatropakaroti prAsAdArthamAropito dIpa iva rathyAyAmiti dIpasAmyAdIpakam / 'saMjJAyAM ca' ( vA0 2458 ) iti ivArthe kan pratyayaH / yadyapi suvarNapuSpAM pRthivIM cinvanti puruSAstrayaH / zUrazca kRtavidyazca yazca jAnAti sevitum / / prastuta tathA aprastuta padArthoM kA ekadharmAnvaya dIpaka kahalAtA hai jaise, isa udAharaNa meM hAthI tathA rAjA rUpa prastutAprastuta kA 'bhAna' kriyA rUpa eka dharma ke sAtha anvaya kiyA gayA hai / athavA jaise, zANa para ullikhita maNi, AyudhoM ke dvArA kSata-vikSata saMgrAmajetA yoddhA, madajala se kSINa hAthI, zarada Rtu meM svaccha evaM zuSka tIravAlI saritAe~, kalAmAtrAvaziSTa candramA, suratakrIDA ke kAraNa mlAna navayauvanA tathA yAcakoM ko samRddhi dekara galita-vibhava rAjA loga kRzatA ke kAraNa suzobhita hote haiN| ___ yahA~ prastuta rAjA tathA aprastuta maNi Adi padArthoM kA zobhana kriyA rUpa ekadharmA. nvaya pAyA jAtA hai| isa alaMkAra ko dIpaka isalie kahA gayA hai, ki yahAM prastuta ke lie prayukta samAna dharma prasaMgataH anyatra (aprastutoM meM ) bhI anvita hotA hai, yaha ThIka vaise hI hai, jaise mahala para prakAza ke lie jalAyA gayA dIpaka galI meM bhI prakAza karatA hai, ataH dIpaka ke samAna hone se yaha dIpaka kahalAtA hai| 'saMjJAyAM ca' isa vArtika ke bhAdhAra para yahA~ 'dIpa iva dIpakaH' (dIpa+kan) isa ivArtha meM yahA~ kan nAmaka taddhita pratyaya pAyA jAtA hai| (isa sambandha meM granthakAra eka zaMkA uThAkara usakA samAdhAna karate haiN| zaMkA yaha hai ki dIpaka alaMkAra ke nAmakaraNa meM dIpaka kA sAmya pravRttinimitta hone ke kAraNa yaha Avazyaka hai ki jahA~ dharma kA pahale prastuta padArtha meM anvaya ho jAya, pazcAt anyatra (aprastutoM meM) usakA prasaMgataH anvaya (prasaMgopakAritva) ho, vahIM yaha alaMkAra ho sakegA, phira to aise sthaloM para jahAM pahale aprastutoM ke sAtha dharma kA anvaya pAyA jAtA hai, bAda meM prastuta ke sAtha, vahA~ dIpaka kaise hogA ? isI kA samAdhAna karate haiN|) __hama dekhate haiM ki kaI aise sthala haiM, jahA~ prastuta tathA aprastuta padArthoM ke sAtha samAna dharma kA anvaya sAtha-sAtha hI hotA hai, jaise nimna padya meM 'isa suvarNapuSpA pRthivI kA cayana tIna loga hI kara pAte haiM; vIra, prasiddha vidvAn , tathA vaha vyakti jo sevA karanA jAnatA hai|' (yahA~ zUra, kRtavidya tathA sevanakriyAvit vyakti ina prastutAprastuta padArthoM ke samAna dharma 'suvarNapuSpapRthivIcayanakriyA' kA eka sAtha varNana kiyA gayA hai|)

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dIpakAlaGkAraH 61 ityatra prastutAnAmprastutAnAM yugapaddharmAnvayaH pratibhAti / 'madena bhAti kalabha' ityatrAprastutasyaiva prathamaM dharmAnvayaH, tathApi prAsaGgikatvaM na hIyate, vastugatyA prastutoddezena pravRttasyaiva varNanasyAprastute'nvayAt / nahi dIpasya rathyAprAsAdayoryugapadupakAritvena jAmAtrarthaM zrapitasya sUpasyAtithibhyaH prathamapariveSaNena ca prAsaGgikatvaM hIyate / tulyayogitAyAM tvekaM prastutam, anyadaprastutamiti vizeSAgrahaNAt sarvoddezenaiva dharmAnvaya iti vizeSaH / ayaM cAnayoraparo vizeSaH - ubhayoranayorupamAlaGkArasya gamyatvAvizeSe'pyatrAprastutamupamAnaM prastutamupameyamiti vyavasthita upamAnopameyabhAvaH, tatra tu vizeSAgraha - NAdaicchikaH sa iti // 48 // isI taraha 'madena bhAti kalabhaH' vAle udAharaNa meM pahale 'kalabha' rUpa aprastuta ke sAtha zobhanakriyArUpa dharma kA anvaya hotA hai, tadanantara rAjA ( prastuta ) ke sAtha / to aise sthaloM para dharma kA 'prasaMgopakAritva' kaise ghaTita ho sakegA, jaise mahala kA dIpaka prasaMgataH rathyA ko upakRta karatA hai ? yaha pUrvapakSI kI zaMkA hai| (samAdhAna) yadyapi 'suvarNapuSpAm' ityAdi udAharaNa meM prastuta tathA aprastuta donoM kA dharmAnvaya sAtha-sAtha hI hotA dikhAI par3atA hai, tathA 'madena bhAti kalabhaH' meM pahale aprastuta kA hI dharmAnvaya pAyA jAtA hai, tathApi isase prastuta ke dharma kA aprastuta ke lie prAsaMgika honA apAsta nahIM hotA / vAstavikatA to yaha hai ki prastuta ke lie prayukta aprastuta kA pahale anvaya ho jAtA hai, kiMtu vaha aprastuta prastuta ke uddeza se hI to kAvya meM varNita huA hai| dIpaka eka sAtha galI tathA prAsAda ko prakAzita karatA hai, to isI kAraNa se usakA prAsaMgikatva nahIM haTa jAtA, isI taraha yadi jAmAtA ke lie banAye gaye sUpa ko pahale anya atithiyoM ko rakha diyA jAya, to unheM pahale parosa dene bhara se khUpa kA prAsaMgika nahIM haTa jaataa| bhAva yaha hai- dIpaka vaise to mahala ke lie jalAyA gayA hai, para vaha sAtha-sAtha galI ko bhI prakAzita karatA hai, isI taraha sUpa khAsa taura para mAtA ke lie banAyA gayA hai, para pahale dUsare mehamAnoM ko parosa diyA gayA- to kyA itane bhara se isakA prasaMgopakAritva lupta ho jAyagA ? ataH aprastuta ke sAtha-sAtha hI prastuta kA ekadharmAbhisambandha varNita karane se yA aprastuta ke sAtha dharma kA anvaya pahale hone bhara se, vahA~ dIpaka alaMkAra na hogA, aisI zaMkA karanA vyartha hai / tulyayogitA alaMkAra meM isa taraha kI koI vizeSatA nahIM pAI jAtI ki eka padArtha prastuta ho aura dUsarA aprastuta ( kyoMki vahA~ yA to sabhI prastuta hote haiM, yA sabhI aprastuta ), ataH sabhI ke sAtha samAna rUpa se dharma kA anvaya ho jAtA hai, dIpaka se tulyayogitA meM yaha bheda pAyA jAtA hai / sAtha hI ina donoM meM dUsarA bheda yaha bhI hai / vaise to tulyayogitA tathA dIpaka donoM hI alaMkAroM meM upamAlaMkAra vyaMgya rahatA hai, isa samAnatA ke hote hue bhI dIpaka alaMkAra meM ( yahA~ ) aprastuta upamAna hotA hai, prastuta upameya, isa prakAra donoM meM upamAnopameyabhAva pAyA jAtA hai, tulyayogitA meM aisA koI bhedaka nahIM pAyA jAtA, ataH kise upamAna mAnA jAya tathA kise upameya, yaha kavi kI icchA para nirbhara (aicchika) hai /

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62 kuvalayAnandaH 16 AvRttidIpakAlaGkAraH trividhaM dIpAkAvRttau bhavedAvRttidIpakam / varSatyambudamAleyaM varSatyeSA ca zarvarI // 49 // unmIlanti kadambAni sphuTanti kuTajogamAH / mAdyanti cAtakAstRptA mAdyanti ca zikhAvalAH // 50 // dIpakasyAnekopakArArthatayA dIpasthAnIyasya padasyArthasyobhayorvAssvRttau trividhamAvRttidIpakam / krameNArdhatrayeNodAharaNAni darzitAni / 16. zrAvRttidIpaka alaMkAra 49-50- -jahA~ dIpaka kI AvRtti ho, vahA~ AvRttidIpaka alaMkAra hotA hai / (yaha tIna prakAra kA hotA hai, padAvRttidIpaka, arthAvRttidIpaka tathA ubhayAvRttidIpaka / inhIM ke udAharaNa kramazaH upasthita karate haiM / ) TippaNI- daNDI ne bhI AvRttidIpaka ke tIna bheda mAne haiN| -- arthAvRttiH padAvRttirubhayAvRttirityapi / dIpakasthAnameveSTamalaMkAratrayaM yathA // ( kAvyAdarza 2.116 ) jaise, (1) yaha meghapaMkti barasa rahI hai, aura yaha rAtri varSa ke samAna AcaraNa kara rahI hai ( kisI virahiNI nAyikA ko priya ke viyoga ke kAraNa rAta varSa ke samAna lambI tathA duHsaha laga rahI hai / ) ( yaha padavRttidIpaka kA udAharaNa hai, yahA~ 'varSati' kriyA rUpa eka dharma kI punaH AvRtti kI gaI hai / yaha AvRtti kevala 'varSati' pada kI hI hai, kyoMki donoM sthAnoM para usakA eka hI artha nahIM hai, prathama sthAna para usakA artha 'barasa rahI hai' hai dUsare sthAna para 'varSa ke samAna AcaraNa kara rahI hai / ' ) (2) kadamba ke phUla vikasita ho rahe haiM, kuTaja kI kaliyA~ phUla rahI haiM / (yaha arthAvRttidIpaka kA udAharaNa hai, yahA~ kadamba tathA kuTaja rUpa padArthoM ke sAtha 'vikAsa' kriyArUpa ekadharmAbhisaMbaMdha varNita kiyA gayA hai| isameM kavi ne donoM sthAnoM para vibhinna pardo 'unmIlanti' tathA 'sphuTanti' kA prayoga kiyA hai, ataH yaha arthAvRtti dIpaka kA udAharaNa hai / ) (3) bAdala ko dekhakara cAtaka tRpta ho masta ho rahe haiM / khuza ( masta ) ho rahe haiM aura mayUra bhI ( yahA~ cAtaka tathA mayUra ina padArthoM ke sAtha modakriyA rUpa ekadharmAbhisaMbandha pAyA jAtA hai, isake lie kavi ne usI artha meM usI pada kI punarAvRtti kI hai, ataH yaha ubhayAvRttidIpaka kA udAharaNa hai / ) dIpaka alaMkAra meM samAnadharmaM aneka padArthoM kA upakAra karatA hai, ataH vaha dIpa ke samAna hotA hai / isa prakAra dIpaka ke samAna ekadharmabodhaka pada yA ekadharmabodhaka artha yA ekadharmabodhaka padArthobhaya meM se kisI eka kI AvRtti hone para AvRttidIpaka hogA isa prakAra yaha tIna prakAra hogA / kArikAbhAga ke tIna padyArthoM ke dvArA kramazaH inakA udAharaNa diyA gayA hai I

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prativastUpamAlaGkAraH yathA vA utkaNThayati meghAnAM mAlA varga kalApinAm / yUnAM cotkaNThayatyadya mAnasaM makaradhvajaH / / zamayati jaladharadhArA cAtakayUnAM tRSa ciropanatAm / kSapayati ca vadhUlocanajaladhArA kAminAM pravAsarucim // vadanena nirjitaM tava nilIyate candrabimbamambudhare / aravindamapi ca sundari ! nilIyate pAthasAM pUre // evaM cAvRttInAM prastutAprastutobhayaviSayatvAbhAve'pi dIpakacchAyApattimAtreNa dIpakavyapadezaH // 46-20 // 17 prativastUpamAlaGkAraH vAkyayorekasAmAnye prativastUpamA mtaa| athavA jaise varSAkAla meM meghoM kI paMkti mayUroM ke samUha ko utkaNTha (unmukha, U~ce kaNTha vAlA) banA detI hai| sAtha hI kAmadeva yuvakoM ke mana ko utkaNThita kara detA hai| (yahA~ mayUravRnda tathA yuvakamana ina padArthoM kA utkaNThita honA rUpa ekadharmAbhisaMbaMdha varNita hai / yahA~ padAvRttiyamaka hai, kyoMki 'utkaNThayati' pada kI AvRttipAI jAtI hai|) meghoM kI jaladhArA cAtakoM kI bar3e dinoM se utpanna pyAsa ko zAMta karatI hai, nAyikAoM kI azrudhArA nAyakoM kI videza jAne kI icchA ko samApta kara detI hai| yahA~ 'meghadhArA' tathA 'vadhUlocanajaladhArA' rUpa padArthoM kA tattat padArtha ko zAMta kara denA rUpa ekadharmAbhisaMbaMdha varNita hai| yahA~ kavi ne eka sthAna para 'zamayati' kA prayoga kiyA hai, dUsare sthAna para rUpayati' kA, kiMtu artha donoM kA eka hI hai, ataH yaha arthAvRttidIpaka kA udAharaNa hai|) _ 'he suMdari, tere mukha ke dvArA parAjita candramA megha meM chipa rahA hai, sAtha hI tere mukha ke dvArA parAjita kamala bhI jalasamUha meM chipa rahA hai| (yahA~ kamala tathA candramA donoM ke sAtha nilIna honA rUpa samAnadharma varNita hai| isake lie kavi ne eka hI artha meM usI pada (nilIyate) kA do bAra prayoga kiyA hai, ataH yaha ubhayAvRttidIpaka kA udAharaNa hai|) ___ AvRttidIpaka meM dIpakasAmAnya kI bhA~ti koI aisA niyama nahIM hai ki yaha vahIM hotA ho; jahA~ prastuta tathA aprastuta padArthoM kA dhamakya pAyA jAtA ho, yahA~ to prastuta yA aprastuta donoM taraha ke padArthoM kA aicchika nibaMdhana pAyA jAtA hai, (udAharaNa ke lie 'utkaNThayati meghAnAm' tathA 'zamayati jaladhArA' ina donoM padyoM meM varSAkAla ke varNana meM donoM padArtha prastuta haiM, jabaki 'vadanena nirjitam' meM candrabiMba tathA kamala donoM aprastuta haiM-isa prakAra AvRttidIpaka ke udAharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki yahA~ vaisA koI niyama nahIM pAyA jAtA jaisA tulyayogitA tathA dIpaka meM pAyA jAtA hai) itanA hone para bhI dIpaka ke sAhazyamAtra ke kAraNa ise bhI dIpaka (AvRttidIpaka) kI saMjJA de dI gaI hai| 17. prativastUpamAlaMkAra 51-jahA~ upamAna vAkya tathA upameya vAkya meM eka hI samAnadharma pRthak-pRthak

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64 kuvalayAnandaH Mw tApena bhrAjate sUraH zUrathApena rAjate // 51 // yatropamAnopameyaparavAkyayorekaH samAno dharmaH pratha nirdizyate sA prativastUpamA / prativastu prativAkyArthamupamA samAnadharmo'syAmiti vyutpatteH / yathA'caiva bhrAjate rAjata ityeka eva dharma upamAnopameyavAkyayoH pRthagbhinnapadAbhyAM nirdiSTaH | yathA vA yathA vA sthirA zailI guNavatAM khalabuddhayA na bAdhyate / ratnadIpasya hi zikhA vAtyayApi na nAzyate // tavAmRtasyandini pAdapaGkaje nivezitAtmA kathamanyadicchati / sthite'ravinde makarandanirbhare madhuvrato nekSurasaM samIkSate || atra yadyapi upameyavAkye anicchA upamAnavAkye avakSeti dharmabhedaH prati rUpa se nirdiSTa ho, vahA~ prativastUpamA alaMkAra hotA hai| jaise sUrya teja ke kAraNa prakAzita hotA hai, vIra dhanuSa se suzobhita hotA hai / jahA~ upamAnaparaka tathA upameyaparaka vAkyoM meM eka hI samAna dharma pRthak rUpa se nirdiSTa ho, vahA~ prativastUpamA alaMkAra hotA hai / prativastUpamA zabda kI vyutpatti yaha hai - jahA~ prativastu arthAt pratyeka vAkyArtha meM upamA arthAt samAnadharma pApA jAya / jaise, Upara ke kArikA meM 'bhrAjate' tathA 'rAjate' padoM ke dvArA eka hI samAnadharma pRthakarUpa se nirdiSTa huA hai / yahA~ 'bhrAjate' upamAnavAkya meM prayukta huA hai, 'rAjate' upameyavAkya meM / prativastUpamA ke anya udAharaNa nimna haiN| : 'duSToM kI buddhi guNavAn vyaktiyoM ke sthira sadvyavahAra ko bAdhA nahIM pahu~cA sakatI; ratnadIpa kI jyoti ko tUphAna bhI nahIM bujhA sakatA / ' ( yahA~ 'sthirA' ityAdi pUrvArdha upameyavAkya hai, 'ratnadIpasya' ityAdi upamAnavAkya / inake 'khalabuddhayA na bAdhyate' tathA 'vAtyayApi na nAzyate' ke dvArA samAnadharma kA pRthak pRthak nirdeza pAyA jAtA hai / ) koI bhakta iSTadevatA se prArthanA kara rahA hai : - 'he bhagavan, tumhAre amRtavarSI caraNakamala meM anuraktacitta vyakti dUsarI vastu kI icchA kaise kara sakatA hai ? makaranda se paripUrNa kamala ke rahate hue bhauMrA iturasa ko nahIM dekhatA / ' isa padya ke upameya vAkya meM 'anicchA' tathA upamAnavAkya meM 'avIkSA' nAmaka dharma kA upAdAna kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha zaMkA uThanA saMbhava hai ki donoM dharmoM meM samAnatA nahIM dikhAI detI, phira ise prativastUpamA kA udAharaNa kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai ? isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna karate kahate haiN| : yadyapi isa padya ke upameyavAkya meM anicchA tathA upamAnavAkya meM avIkSA kA prayoga hone se ApAtataH dharmabheda pratIta hotA hai, tathApi aniSTa vIkSaNamAtra ko hama kisI taraha nahIM roka sakate, vaha pratiSedhAnarha hai, isalie 'avIkSA' ke dvArA hama icchA.

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prativastUpamAlaGkAraH bhAti, tathApi vIkSaNamAtrasyAvajanIyasya pratiSedhAnahatvAdicchApUrvakavIkSAprati. Sedho'yamanicchAparyavasita eveti dharmaikyamanusaMdheyam / arthAvRttidIpakaM prastutAnAmaprastutAnAM vA; prativastUpamA tu prastutAprastutAnAmiti vizeSaH / ayaM cAparo vizeSaH-AvRttidIpakaM vaidharyeNa na saMbhavati, prativastUpamA tu vaidhayeNApi dRzyate / yathA pUrvaka vIkSApratiSedha (icchA se kisI vastu ko dekhane se apane Apako rokanA) kI pratIti kareMge, isa prakAra 'avIkSA' rUpa artha anicchA meM hI paryavasita ho jAtA hai| ataH donoM meM samAna dharma (dharmekya)hU~r3hA jA sakatA hai| TippaNI-isa padya kA rasikaraMjanIkAra sammata pATha dUsarA hI hai, usakA caturtha caraNa 'madhuvrato nesurakaM hi vIkSate' hai| yahI pATha paNDitarAja tathA nAgeza ne mAnA hai| usakA artha hogA ....."bhauMrA tAlamakhAne ( ikSuraka) ko nahIM dekhatA' / paNDitarAja ne appaya dIkSita ke isa padya meM doSa mAnA hai / ve batAte haiM ki kuvalayAnandakAra ne yadyapi kisI taraha isa padya meM 'vIkSaNa' ko bhI icchApratiSedharUpa dharma meM paryavasita karake upameyavAkya tathA upamAnavAkya meM dhamakya pratipAdita kara diyA hai, nahIM to yahAM 'icchati' tathA 'vIkSati' eka hI sAmAnya dharma na mAnane para ( vastuprativastubhAva ghaTita na hone para) bimbapratibimbabhAva mAnakara dRSTAnta mAnanA hogA, tathApi isa padya kA jisa rUpa meM pATha diyA gayA hai, usameM upameyavAkya meM 'pAdapaMkaje nivezitAtmA' bhakta kA vizeSaNa hai, tathA yahAM AdhAra saptamI pAI jAtI hai, jaba ki upamAnavAkya meM 'sthite'ravinde (sati)' isa satisaptamI kA prayoga karane para yaha aMza bhramara (madhuvrata ) kA vizeSaNa nahIM bana sktaa| isa prakAra yaha sati saptamI na to vastuprativastubhAva ke hI anurUpa hai, na bimbapratibimbabhAva ke hI, isa taraha isa padya meM zithilatA to banI hI rahatI hai| yadi isake tRtIya pada meM hera-phera kara padya ko yoM banA diyA jAya to sundara rahegA : 'tavAmRtasyandini pAdapaMkaje nivezitAtmA kathamanyadicchati / sthito'ravinde makarandanirbhare madhuvrato necurakaM hi vIkSate // ' 'evam-'tavA... vIkSate'iti kuvalayAnandodAhRte AluvandArustotrapadye vIkSaNamAtra. syAvarjanIyasya pratiSedhAnahatvAdicchApUrvakavIkSaNapratiSedhasya ca 'savizeSaNe hi-' iti nyAyenecchApratiSedhadharmaparyavasAyitayA yadyapi dharmekyaM susaMpAdam / astu vA dRSTAntAlaGkAraH tathApi pAdapaGkaje nivezitAtmetyAdhArasaptamyAH sthite'ravinde iti satisaptamI vastuprativastubimbapratibimbabhAvayoranyatareNApi prakAreNa nAnurUpA, ityasaMpThulatA sthitaiva / 'sthito'ravinde makarandanirbhare' iti ceskriyate tadA tu ramaNIyam / (rasagaMgAdhara pR. 451-52) sAtha hI dekhiye rasikaraMjanI-'atrodAharaNe 'sthite'ravinde' iti na yuktaH paatthH| tathAtve nivezitAsmeti upameyavizeSaNasyopamAne prativizeSaNAbhAvena vicchittivizeSAbhAvaprasaMgAt / ataH 'sthito'ravinde' iti yuktaH paatthH|' (pR. 86 ) arthAvRttidIpaka meM bhI tattat vAkya meM pRthaka padoM ke dvArA samAna dharma kA nirdeza pAyA jAtA hai, to phira prativastUpamA meM usase kyA bheda hai-isa jijJAsA kA samAdhAna karate kahate haiM-arthAvRttidIpaka meM upamAna tathA upameya donoM yA to prastuta hote haiM, yA aprastuta, jaba ki prativastUpamA meM eka vAkya prastutaparaka (upameya) hotA hai, dUsarA aprastutaparaka (upmaan)| sAtha hI inameM dUsarA bheda bhI pAyA jAtA hai, vaha yaha ki AvRttidIpaka sadA sAdhayaM meM hI pAyA jAtA hai, use vaidhaya'zailI se upanyasta 5 kuva0

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66 kuvalayAnandaH vidvAneva hi jAnAti vidvajjanaparizramam / na hi vandhyA vijAnAti guva: prasavavedanAm / / yadi santi guNAH puMsAM vikasantyeva te svayam / na hi kastUrikAmodaH zapathena vibhAvyate // 51 // nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, kintu prativastUpamA vaidhayaM ke dvArA bhI upasthita kI jA sakatI hai, jaise nimna udAharaNoM meM : TippaNI-prativastUpamA kA lakSaNa candrikAkAra ne yoM diyA hai :-'bhinnazabdabodhyakadharmagamyaM prastutAprastutavAkyArthasAhazyaM prtivstuupmaa| isameM bhinnazabda' ityAdi padake dvArA dRSTAntakA vAraNa kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki pRSTAnta meM eka hI dharma nahIM pAyA jAtA, vahAM to biMbapratibiMbabhAvarUpa sAdRzya pAyA jAyA hai| prativastUpamA meM vastuprativastubhAva hotA hai, dRSTAnta meM biMbapratibiMbamAva / isI pada ke 'gamyaM' zabda ke dvArA vAkyArthopamA (-divi bhAti yathA bhAnustathA vaM mAjase muvi) kA vAraNa kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki ukta upamA meM sAdRzya vAcya hotA hai, yahAM gamya ( vyNgy)| arthAvRttidIpaka ke vAraNa ke lie 'prastutAprastuta' ityAdi pada kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki 'prastutAprastuta' prativastUpamA meM hote haiM, jabaki arthAvRttidIpaka meM yA to donoM prastuta hoMge yA donoM aprastuta / 'vAkyArthasAdRzyaM' kA prayoga smaraNa kA vAraNa karane ke lie huA hai / smaraNa alaMkAra, jaise isa patha meM-'AnanaM mRgazAvAcyA vIcya lolAlakAvRtam / bhramabhramarasaMkIrNa smarAmi srsiirhm'| isa padya meM bhI smaraNa ko haTA lene para 'lolAlakAvRta Anana bhramadbhramarasaMkIrNa sarasIruha ke samAna hai (tAzasaroruhasadRzaM tAdRzamAnanaM) isa padArthagatA upamA kI hI pratIti hotI hai| ataH isake dvArA smaraNa kA bhI vAraNa ho jAtA hai| 'vidvAn ke parizrama ko vidvAn hI jAnatA hai| bAMza mahatI prasavavedanA ko nahIM jaantii| ___ 'yadi logoM meM guNa haiM, to ve svayaM hI vikasita hote haiN| kastUrI kI sugandha sauganda se nahIM jAnI jA sktii|' (yahAM prathama zloka meM pUrvArdha upameyavAkya hai, uttarArdha upamAnavAkya, isI taraha dvitIya zloka meM bhI pUrvArdha upameyavAkya hai, uttarArdha upamAnavAkya / yahAM donoM sthAnoM para vaidharmya ke dvArA samAna dharma kA pRthaka-pRthaka nirdeza kiyA gayA hai|) TippaNI-'yadi santi guNAH' ityAdi padya meM vaidharmyagataprativastUpamA kaise ho sakatI hai ? isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna yoM kiyA jA sakatA hai| zaMkAkAra kI zaMkA yaha hai-'vaidhayaM udAharaNa' hama use kahate haiM, jahAM prastuta dharmivizeSa ke sAtha prayukta artha ko dRDha banAne ke lie aprakRta artha ke rUpa meM kisI aise anya dharmI kA varNana kiyA gayA ho, jo prastuta dharmI ke dvArA AkSipta apane nyatireka (pratiyogI ) kA samAnajAtIya ho / (vaidhayodAharaNaM hi prastutadharmivizeSopArUDhA. yaMdADharyAya svAciptasvaSyatirekasamAnajAtIyasya dhaya'ntarArUDhasyAprakRtArthasya kathanam / ) isakA udAharaNa yaha hai: vaMzabhavo guNavAnapi saMgavizeSeNa pUjyate puruSaH / nahi tumbIphalavikalo vINAdaNDaH prayAti mahimAnam // isa paba meM 'saMgavizeSeNa pUjyate' isa prastuta artha ke dvArA 'saMgavizeSa ke binA nahIM pujAsakatA' isa vyatirekarUpa artha kA AkSepa hotA hai, isa vyatirekarUpa artha ke samAna jAtIya anya dharmI se saMbaddha aprakRta artha kA prayoga 'tUbI ke phala se rahita vINAdaNDa Adara prApta nahIM karatA' isa rUpa

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67 dRSTAntAlaGkAraH 18 dRSTAntAlaGkAraH cedvimbaprativimbatvaM dRSTAntastadalaMkRtiH / tvameva kIrtimAn rAjan ! vidhureva hi kAntimAn // 52 // meM kiyA gayA hai / isa prakAra yaha vaidhamryodAharaNa hai / 'yadi saMti guNAH puMsAM' ityAdi padya meM upameyavAkya meM 'guNa svayaM vikasita ho rahe haiM' koI dUsarA padArtha unakA vikAsa nahIM karatA, isa prastuta artha kA sajAtIya aprakRta arthaM hI 'zapathena na vibhAvyate kiMtu svayameva' isake dvArA pratIta ho rahA hai, kyoMki aprakRta artha prakRta artha ke samAna (anurUpa ) hI paryavasita ho jAtA hai / bhAva yaha hai yahA~ 'zapatha se nahIM jAnI jA sakatI apitu svayaM hI jAnI jA sakatI hai' isa arthApattigamya artha ke dvArA upamAnavAkya vAlA artha upameya vAkya kA sajAtIya hI bana jAtA hai, phira yaha udAharaNa vaidharmya kA kaise huA ? yaha zaMkA paNDitarAja jagannAtha kI hai / (de0 rasagaMgAdhara pR0 446-48 ) candrikAkAra ne yaha zaMkA uThA kara isakA samAdhAna yoM kiyA hai :- Apake 'vaMzabhavo guNavAnapi ityAdi padya meM bhI vaidhamryodAharaNatva kaise hai ? vahA~ bhI 'tumbIphalavikala vINAdaNDa Adara nahIM pAtA, kintu tumbIphalayukta hI Adara pAtA hai' isa prakAra aprakRta prakRta kA sajAtIya ( anurUpa ) ho jAtA hai / jahA~ kahIM vaidhamryodAharaNa hogA, vahA~ sabhI jagaha sAdharmyaparyavasAna mAnanA hI hogA, kyoMki usake binA upamA ho hI na sakegI, yadi aisA na kareMge to sAdharmya hI samApta ( ucchinna ) ho jAyagA / yadi usa padya ko Apane isalie vaidhamryodAharaNa ke rUpa meM diyA hai ki vahA~ ApAtataH vaidharmya pAyA jAtA hai, to yaha bAta 'yadi saMti guNAH' vAle asmadudAhRta padya para bhI lAgU hotI hai / sAtha hI Apane 'vaidhamryodAharaNaM hi' ityAdi ke dvArA jo vaidhamryodAharaNa kA nirvacana kiyA vaha bhI duSTa hai, kyoMki aisA nirvacana karane para to nimna vaidharmyadRSTAnta meM usakI avyApti pAI jAtI hai : 'bhaTA pareSAM vizarArutAmagurdadhatyavAte sthiratAM hi pAMsavaH / ' kyoMki yahA~ 'bhaTAH pareSAM vizarArutAm aguH' ( zatruoM ke yoddhA muktabANa ho gaye ) yaha prastutavAkyArtha apane vyatireka kA AkSepa nahIM karatA, jaba ki yahA~ 'avAte pAMsavaH sthiratAM dadhati' ( havA na calane para dhUla ke kaNa zAMta rahate haiM ) yaha aprastuta vAkyArtha apane vyatireka (vAte vAti sati pAMsavaH sthiratAM na dadhati) kA AkSepa karatA hai tathA usase upameyavAkya ke sAtha bimbapratibimvabhAva ghaTita hotA hai / taba phira Apake nirvacana kA 'svAkSiptasvaSyatirekasamAnajAtIyasya dharmyantarArUDhAprakRtArthasya' vAlA aMza kaise saMgata ho sakegA ? ataH spaSTa hai vaidharmyadAharaNa meM vyatireka kA AkSepa prastutArtha yA aprastutArthaM meM se koI eka kara sakatA hai / 18. dRSTAnta alaGkAra 52 - jahA~ upameya vAkya tathA upamAna vAkya meM nirdiSTa bhinna dharmoM meM bimbapratibiMbhAva ho, vahA~ dRSTAnta nAmaka alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, he rAjan, saMsAra meM akele tuma hI yazasvI ho tathA akelA candramA hI kAMtimAn hai / ( yahA~ prathama vAkya ( upameya vAkya ) meM kIrtimatva dharma nirdiSTa hai, dvitIya vAkya ( upamAna vAkya ) meM kAMtimadhva, yahA~ kIrti tathA kAMti meM bimbapratibimbabhAva hai | )

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68 kuvalayAnandaH yatropamAnopameyavAkyayorbhinnAveva dharmoM bimbapratibimbabhAvena nirdiSTau tatra dRSTAntaH / ' tvameva kIrtimAn' ityatra kIrti - kAntyorbimbapratibimbabhAvaH / yathA vA (raghu0 6 / 22 ) - kAmaM nRpAH santi sahasrazo'nye rAjanvatI mAhuranena bhUmim | nakSatratArAmahasaMkulApi jyotiSmatI candramasaiva rAtriH // yathA vA devIM vAcamupAsate hi bahavaH sAraM tu sArasvataM jAnIte nitarAmasau gurukulakliSTo murAriH kaviH ! ata eva vAnarabhaTaiH kiM tvasya gambhIratAmApAtAlanimagna pIvaratanurjAnAti manyAcalaH || nanvatropamAnopameyavAkyayorjJAnameka eva dharma iti prativastUpamA yuktA / maivam; acetane manthAcale jJAnasya bAdhitatvena tatra jAnAtItyanena sAgarAdha jahA~ upamAna vAkya tathA upameyavAkya meM bhinna-bhinna dharmoM kA bimbapratibimbabhAva se nirdeza kiyA gayA ho, vahA~ dRSTAnta alaMkAra hotA hai| jaise 'vameva kIrtimAn' ityAdi udAharaNa meM kIrti tathA kAMti meM bimbapratibimbabhAva pAyA jAtA hai / TippaNI- upamAnopameyavAkyArthaghaTaka dharmayobimbapratibimbabhAvo dRSTAnta iti lakSaNam / ( candrikA pR. 57 ) athavA jaise sunandA nAmaka pratihAriNI indumatI se magadharAja kA varNana kara rahI hai / yadyapi isa pRthvI para anekoM rAjA haiM, tathApi isI rAjA ke kAraNa pRthvI rAjanvatI kahI jAtI hai / yadyapi rAtri saikar3oM nakSatra tathA tAroM se yukta hotI hai, tathApi vaha candramA ke hI kAraNa jyotiSmatI kahalAtI hai 1 1 ( yahA~ rAjanvatI tathA jyotiSmatI meM bimbapratibimbabhAva pAyA jAtA hai / pahale udAharaNa se isa udAharaNa meM yaha bheda hai ki vahA~ kIrti tathA kAMti ke bimbapratibimbabhAva ke dvArA upameya (rAjA) tathA upamAna (candramA) ke manohAritvarUpa sAdRzya kI pratIti ArthI hai, jaba ki isa udAharaNa meM rAjA tathA candramA ke prazaMsanIyatva (prAzastya ) rUpa sAdRzya kI pratIti zAbdI hai / ) athavA jaise 'vaise to anekoM loga vAgdevI sarasvatI kI upAsanA karate haiM, kintu gurukula meM parizrama se adhyayana karane vAlA akelA (yaha) murAri kavi hI sarasvatI ke rahasya (sAra) ko jAnatA | anekoM bandaroM ne samudra ko pAra kiyA hai, kintu isa samudra kI gambhIratA ko akelA mandarAcala hI jAnatA hai, jo apane puSTa zarIra se pAtAla taka samudra meM DUba cukA hai / ' yahA~ upameya vAkya tathA upamAnavAkya donoM sthAnoM para 'jJAna rUpa dharma' (jAnIte, jAnAti ) kA hI prayoga kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha zaMkA honA sambhava hai ki yahA~ dRSTAnta na ho kara prativastUpamA alaMkAra honA caahie| isI zaMkA kA niSedha karate kahate haiM ki ina donoM vAkyoM meM jJAna rUpa eka hI dharma kA nirdeza pAyA jAtA hai, ataH yahAM prativastUpamA honI cAhie - aisA kahanA ThIka nhiiN| kyoMki acetana mandarAcala ke sAtha 'jAnAti' kriyA kA prayoga jJAna ke artha meM bAdhita hotA hai ( bhalA acetana parvata jJAna

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nidarzanAlaGkAraH stalAvadhisaMsparzamAtrasya vivakSitatvAt / atrodAharaNe padAvRttidIpakAdvizeSaH pUrvavatprastutAprastutaviSayatvakRto draSTavyaH / vaidhayeNApyayaM dRzyate kRtaM ca garvAbhimukhaM manastvayA kimanyadevaM nihatAzca no dviSaH / tamAMsi tiSThanti hi tAvadaMzumAna yAdavAyAtyudayAdrimaulitAm / / 52 / / 19 nidarzanAlaGkAraH vAkyArthayoH sadRzayokyAropo nidarzanA / yadAtuH saumyatA seyaM pUrNendorakalaGkatA // 53 // kriyA kA kartA kaise bana sakatA hai, jo cetana kA dharma hai)| isalie maMthAcala ke pakSa meM 'jAnAti' pada se (lakSaNA se) kavi kI vivakSA sirpha yaha hai ki usane sAgara ke nimna tala taka kA sparza kiyA hai| (isa prakAra yahA~ sAra-jJAna tathA nimnatalasparza donoM meM biMba. pratibiMbabhAva ghaTita ho hI jAtA hai, tathA dRSTAnta bhI ghaTita hotA hai|) isa udAharaNa meM padAvRtti dIpaka se yaha bheda hai ki vahA~ yA to donoM prastuta yA donoM aprastuta kA hI upAdAna hotA hai, yahA~ eka (murArivRttAnta) prastuta hai, dUsarA (mandaravRttAnta) aprastuta / TippaNI-tathA ca dharmabhedAna prativastUpamA, kintu sArasvatasArajJAnasAgarAdhastalAvaghisaMsparzayorbimbapratibimbabhAvAda dRSTAntAlaMkAra evetyaashyH| (candrikA pR0 58) dRSTAnta kA vaidhaya'gata prayoga bhI dekhA jAtA hai:___ koI maMtrI rAjA se kaha rahA hai :-'he rAjan, tumane apane mana ko garvAbhimukha banA diyA hai (arthAt svayaM mana ko garvayukta nahIM kiyA hai), aura kyA cAhie, hamAre zatru aise hI (zastrAdi ke binA ho) mAra diye gaye (na ki aba mAre jaayNge)| jaba taka sUrya udayAcala ke mastaka para udita nahIM hotA, tabhI taka andhakAra khar3A raha pAtA hai| . (yahA~ mana kA garvAbhimukhIkaraNa tathA vairihanana rAjA kA dharma hai| inakA vaidhayaM se 'sUrya kA udayAcalamastaka para na AnA' tathA 'andhakAra kI sthiti rUpa sUrya ke dharma ke sAtha kramazaH biMbapratibiMbabhAva pAyA jAtA hai|) TippaNI-atra bhanogarvAbhimukhIkaraNavairihananayoraMzumadudayAcalamastakAnAgamanatamaHsthityozca yathAkramaM vaidhamryeNa biMbapratibiMbabhAvaH / / (vahI pR058) rasikaraMjanIkAra kA kahanA hai ki dRSTAntAlaMkAra meM sarvatra mUla meM kAvyaliMga alaMkAra pAyA jAtA hai| kintu isa bAta se yaha zaMkA karanA vyartha hai ki phira dRSTAntAlaMkAra mAnanA hI vyartha hai| yadyapi dRSTAnta sarvatra kAvyaliMga ke dvArA saMkIrNa hotA hai tathApi yahA~ dRSTAnta vAle vizeSa camatkAra kI sattA hotI hai, ataH usakA anubhava hone ke kAraNa ise alaga se alaMkAra mAnanA hI hogaa| jaise sahokti Adi kaI alaMkAra sadA atizayoktisaMkIrNa hI hote haiM, atizayokti ke binA unakI sattA nahIM hotI, tathApi unheM alaga alaMkAra mAnane kA kavisiddhAnta hai hI; ThIka vaise hI yahA~ bhI dRSTAnta ko alaga hI mAnanA caahie| _ 'sarvatra dRSTAntasya kaavyliNgsNkiirnntaiv| na cAsaMkIrNatadudAharaNAbhAvenAsyAlaMkAratvaM na syAditi vAcyam / saMkIrNatve'pi tatkRtavicchittivizeSasyAnubhUyamAnatayA alaMkAratvo. pptteH| sahoktyAdInAmatizayoktiviviktaviSayatvAbhAve'pyalaMkArAntaratvasya siddhAntasa.. mpratipannatvAt / ' (rasikaraJjanI pR0 89 19. nidarzanA alaMkAra 53-jahA~ do samAna vAkyArthoM meM aikyAropa ho arthAt jahA~ upameyavAkyArtha para

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kuvalayAnandaH atra dAtRpuruSasaumyatvasyopameyavAkyArthasya pUrNendorakalaGkatvasyopamAnavAkyAthesya yattadbhayAmaikyAropaH / yathA vA araNyaruditaM kRtaM zavazarIramurtitaM sthale'bjamavaropitaM suciramUSare varSitam / zvapucchamavanAmitaM badhirakarNajApaH kRto .. dhRto'ndhamukhadarpaNo yadabudho janaH sevitH|| atrAbudhajanasevAyA araNyarodanAdInAM ca yattadbhayAmaikyAropaH // 53 / / upamAnavAkyArtha kA abhedAropa ho, vahA~ nidarzanA alaMkAra hotA hai, jaise, dAnI vyakti meM jo saumyatA hai ThIka vahI pUrNa candramA meM niSkalaGkatA hai| yahA~ dAnI vyakti kI saugyatArUpa upameyavAkyArtha tathA pUrNendu kI niSkalaMkatArUpa upamAnavAkyArtha meM yat-tat ina do padoM ke dvArA aikyAropa kiyA gayA hai| TippaNI-paMDitarAja jagannAtha isa lakSaNa se sahamata nhiiN| unake matAnusAra nidarzanA meM mArtha abheda honA jarUrI hai, jahA~ zrauta (zAbda) abheda pAyA jAtA hai, vahA~ rUpaka hI hogA / ataH rUpaka kI ativyApti ke vAraNa ke lie yahA~ Artha abheda kA saMketa karanA Avazyaka hai| ve spaSTa kahate haiM rUpaka tathA atizayokti se nidarzanA kA bheda yaha hai ki vahA~ kramazaH zAbda Aropa tathA adhyavasAna pAyA jAtA hai, jaba ki yahA~ ArthAbheda hotA hai| 'evaM cAropAdhyavasAnamArgabahirbhUta bhArtha evAbhedo nidarzanAjIvitam'-( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 463 ) tabhI to paMDitarAja nidarzanA kA lakSaNa yoM dete haiM: 'upAttayorarthayorArthAbheda aupamyaparyavasAyI nidrshnaa|' (vahI pR0 456) isI AdhAra para ve 'yahAtuH saumyatA seyaM pUrNendorakalaMkatA' meM rUpaka hI mAnate haiM tathA dIkSita kI isa paribhASA tathA udAharaNa donoM kA khaNDana karate haiM / (de0 pR0 462 ) athavA jaise'jisa vyakti ne mUrkha kI sevA kI, usane araNyarodana kiyA hai, murde ke zarIra para ubaTana kiyA hai, jamIna para kamala ko lagAyA hai, usara jamIna meM bar3I dera taka varSA kI hai, kutte kI pU~cha ko sIdhA kiyA hai, bahare ke kAna meM cillAyA hai aura aMdhe ke mukha ke sAmane darpaNa rakkhA hai|' (yahA~ upamAnarUpa meM aneka vAkyAthoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, jo nirarthakatA rUpa dharma kI dRSTi se samAna hai| ina vAkyArthoM kA mUrkha puruSa kI sevA rUpa upameya vAkyArtha para Aropa kiyA gayA hai / pahale udAharaNa se isameM yaha bheda hai ki vahA~ upameya vAkyArtha para eka hI upamAna vAkyArtha kA aikyAropa pAyA jAtA hai, jaba ki yahA~ anekoM upamAna vAkyArthoM kA aikyAropa varNita hai| isa prakAra yaha mAlArUpA nidarzanA kA udAharaNa hai|) yahA~ abudhajanasevana tathA araNyarodana Adi kA yat-tat padoM ke prayoga ke dvArA aikyAropa varNita hai| TippaNI-isa sambandha meM yaha jAna lenA Avazyaka hogA ki ratnAkarakAra zobhAkara mitra ne isa udAharaNa meM nidarzanA nahIM mAnI hai| ve isa udAharaNa meM spaSTarUpeNa mAlAvAkyArtharUpaka mAnate haiN| unakA kahanA hai ki yahA~ tat zabda tathA yat zabda ke prayoga se viSaya (abudhajanasevana)

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nidarzanAlaGkAraH tathA viSayI ( araNyarodanAdi ) kA sAmAnAdhikaraNya pAyA jAtA hai| yaha zAbda hone ke kAraNa isameM zAbda mAlAvAkyArtharUpaka hai :-'araNyaruditaM "sevitaH' ityAdau sAmarthyalabhyasya tacchabdasya yacchabdena sAmAnAdhikaraNyAcchAbdaM mAlAvAkyArtharUpakam / (ratnAkara pR0 37) isI se Age ve Arthe vAkyArtharUpaka kA nimna udAharaNa dete haiM, jahA~ bhI saMbhavataH kucha loga nidarzanA hI mAnane kA vicAra prakaTa kreNge| 'sa vaktamakhilAzako hayagrIvAzritAn guNAn / yo'mbukumbhaiH paricchedaM katuM zakko mahodadheH // ' yacca hayagrIvaguNavarNanaM tat samudrAmbukumbhapariccheda iti pratIteH vAkyArtharUpakasyArthatvam / (pR0 38) zobhAkaramitra ne nidarzanA eka hI taraha kI mAnI hai| ve kevala asaMbhavadvastu sambandha meM h| nidarzanA mAnate haiM :-'asati sambandhe nidarzanA' (sU0 18) ___ isI sambandha meM eka zAstrArtha cala par3A hai| alaMkArasarvasvakAra ne vAkyArthanidarzanA kA eka prasiddha udAharaNa diyA hai : 'svatpAdanakharatAnAM yadalakakamArjanam / idaM zrIkhaNDalepena pANDarIkaraNaM vidho" isa udAharaNa ko lekara zobhAkaramitra ne batAyA hai ki yaha udAharaNa vAkyArthanidarzanA kA hai hI nhiiN| ve batAte haiM ki yahA~ mAdanakhoM kA alaktakamArjana tathA candramA kA zrIkhaNDalepana ina donoM vAkyArthoM meM 'idaM' ke dvArA zrauta sAmAnAdhikaraNya pAyA jAtA hai, ataH yaha vAkyArtharUpaka hI hai, nidarzanA nhiiN| yadi yahA~ rUpaka na mAneMge to 'mukhaM candaH' jaise padArtharUpaka meM bhI nidarzanA kA prasaMga upasthita hogA / isa taraha to rUpaka alaMkAra ho samApta ho jaaygaa| 'tvatpAdanakharavAnAM "vidhoH' ityAdau vAkyArthayoH sAmAnAdhikaraNyanirdezAcchautAro : pasadbhAvena vAkyArtharUpakaM vakSyata iti nidarzanAbuddhirna kAryA / anyathA 'mukhaM candra' ityAdau padArtharUpake'pi nidarzanAprasaMga iti rUpakAmAvaH syAt' (ramAkara pR0 21) paMDitarAja jagannAtha ne bhI rasagaMgAdhara meM isa prakaraNa ko liyA hai| ve bhI. ratnAkara kI hI dalIla dete haiN| ve alaMkArasarvasvakAra kI khabara lete haiM tathA yahA~ vAkyApaka hI mAnate haiN| yadi koI yaha kahe ki rUpaka tathA nidarzanA meM yaha bheda hai ki rUpaka meM biMbapratiSivabhAva nahIM hotA, nidarzanA meM hotA hai, ataH yahA~ viMbapratibiMbabhAva hone se nidarzanA hI hogI, vAkyArtharUpake nahIM, to yaha dalIla thothI hai, hama rUpaka ke prakaraNa meM batA cuke haiM ki rUpaka meM biMbapratibiMbabhAva bhI ho sakatA hai| aisA jAna par3atA hai ki kisI AlaMkArikaMmanya ne tumheM bhulAvA de diyA hai ki rUpaka meM vivapratibiMbabhAva nahIM hotA 'rUpake biMbapratibiMbamAvo nAstIti, kenApyAlaMkArikaMmanyena pratArito'si' (rasa0 pR0 301) / vastutaH vahA~ bhI vivapratibiMbabhAva ho sakatA hai| (de. hamArI TippaNI rUpakaprakaraNa ) _ 'alaMkArasarvasvakArastu-tvatpAda"vidhoH' iti pacaM vaakyaarthnidrshnaayaamudaajhaar| Aha ca-'yatra tu prakRtavAkyArthe vAkyArthAntaramAropyate sAmAnAdhikaraNye na tatra sambandhAnupapattimUlA nidarzanaiva yuktA' iti / ttr| vAkyArtharUpakasya dattajalAlitvApatteH / ....." rUpake bimbanaM nAstIti tu zapathamAtram, yuktyabhAvAt / (rasa0 pR0 461-62) rasagaMgAdharakAra ne batAyA hai ki isa padya ko yoM kara dene se nidarzanA ho skegii| 'svatpAdanakharanAni yo rajayati yaavkaiH| indu candanalepena pANDarIkurute hi sH||' ( vahI pR0 463)

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kuvalayAnandaH padArthavRttimapyeke vadantyanyAM nidarzanAm / tvannetrayugalaM dhatte lIlAM nIlAmbujanmanoH // 54 // atra netrayugale nIlAmbujagatalIlApadArthApo nidarzanA | yathA vA viyoge gauDanArINAM yo gaNDatalapANDimA / adRzyata sa khajUrImaJjarIgarbha reNuSu / / pUrvasminnudAharaNe upameye upamAnadharmAropaH, iha tUpamAne upameyadharmAropa iti bhedH| ubhayatrApyanyadharmasyAnyatrAsaMbhavena tatsadRzadharmAkSepAdaupamye paryavasAnaM tulyam / iyaM padArthavRttinidarzanA lalitopameti jayadevena vyAhRtA / yadyapi 'viyoge gauDanArINAm' iti zlokaH prAcInairvAkyArthavRttinidarzanAyAmudAhRtaH, kiMtu ratnAkarakAra isa rUpa meM bhI nidarzanA mAnane ko taiyAra na hoge, aisA jAna par3atA hai, ve yahA~ Artha vAkyArtharUpaka mAnanA caaheNge| dhyAna dIjiye, Upara zobhAkarabhitra ne Artha vAkyArtharUpaka kA jo udAharaNa diyA hai ( 'sa vaktamakhilAzakto' ityAdi padya ), vaha isa padya se ThIka milatA hai| donoM meM samAnatA hai / rasagaMgAdharakAra kA mata isa aMza meM zobhAkara se bhinna hai, ve batAte haiM ki jahA~ zAbda Aropa hogA vahA~ rUpaka hogA, jahA~ Artha abheda hogA vahA~ nidarzanA---'evaM cAropAdhyavasAyamArgabahirbhUta Artha evAbhedo nidarzanAjIvitam / ' (vahI pR0 463) zobhAkara Artha abheda meM bhI nidarzanA nahIM mAnate, rUpaka hI mAnate haiN| hama batA cuke haiM, zobhAkara kevala eka hI taraha kI nidarzanA mAnate haiN| . 54-kucha AlaMkArika padArtha sambandhinI (dUsarI) nidarzanA ko bhI mAnate haiN| jaise, he suMdari, tumhAre donoM netra do nIla kamaloM kI zobhA ko dhAraNa karate haiN| __ yahA~ netrayugala para nIlakamalagata (nIlakamalasambandhI) lIlA rUpa padArtha kA Aropa pAyA jAtA hai, ataH yaha nidarzanA hai / athavA jaise___ 'apane priya ke viyoga ke samaya gauDa deza kI striyoM ke kapoloM para jo pIlApana hotA thA vaha kharjarI latA kI maMjarI ke parAga meM dikhAI diyaa|' - pahale udAharaNa se isa udAharaNa meM yaha bheda hai ki vahA~ upameya (netra) para upamAna ke dharma (nIlAbjalIlA) kA Aropa pAyA jAtA hai, jaba ki yahA~ upamAna (kharjUrI. maJjarI) para upameyadharma (gaNDatalapANDimA) kA Aropa pAyA jAtA hai| donoM hI sthAnoM para eka vastu kA dharma anyatra nahIM pAyA jAtA, usakA vahA~ honA asaMbhava hai, ataH isa varNana se usake samAna tadvastudharma kA AkSepa kara liyA jAtA hai, isa prakAra yaha anya dharma-sambandha donoM udAharaNoM meM samAna rUpa se upamA meM paryavasita hotA hai| isa padArthavRtti-nidarzanA ko jayadeva ne lalitopamA mAnA hai| (Upara jisa udAharaNa ko diyA gayA hai, vaha prAcIna AlaMkArikoM ke mata se vAkyArthanidarzanA kA udAharaNa hai, kintu appaya dIkSita ne use padArthanidarzanA ke udAharaNa rUpa meM upanyasta kiyA hai| ataH zaMkA honA Avazyaka hai| isI kA kA samAdhAna karate dIkSita kahate haiN|) . ____ yadyapi 'viyoge gauDanArINAm' ityAdi padya ko prAcIna AlaMkArikoM ne vAkyArthavRttinidarzanA kA udAharaNa mAnA hai (kyoMki unake mata se upameya meM upamAnadharmAropa hone para padArthavRttinidarzanA pAI jAtI hai, upamAna meM upameyadharmAropa hone para ve vAkyArtha

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nidarzanAlaGkAraH www tathApi viziSTayordharmayoraikyAropo vAkyArthavRttinidarzanA / upamAnopameyayoranyatarasminnanyataradharmAropaH padArthavRttinidarzanetivyavasthAmAzrityAsmAbhirihodAhRtaH / evaM ca - ' tvayi sati ziva ! dAtaryasmadbhyarthitAnAmitaramanusaranto darzayanto'rthimudrAm / caramacaraNapAtairdurgrahaM dogdhukAmAH karabhamanusarAmaH kAmadhenau sthitAyAm // ' 'dorbhyAmandhi titIrSantastuSTuvuste guNArNavam // ' vRttinidarzanA mAnate haiM ), tathApi hamAre mata se vAkyArthavRttinidarzanA vahA~ hotI hai, jahA~ upameya tathA upamAna donoM ke viziSTa dharmoM kA bimbapratibimbabhAva nibaddha kiyA jAya tathA padArthavRttinidarzanA vahA~ hogI, jahA~ upamAna tathA upameya meM se kisI eka ke dharma kA kisI dUsare para Aropa kiyA jAya / ( bhAva yaha hai, jahA~ upameya ke dharma tathA upamAna ke dharma kA pRthaka-pRthaka rUpa se upAdAna kara unakA bimbapratibimbabhAva nibaddha kiyA gayA ho, vahA~ vAkyArthavRttinidarzanA hogI, jahA~ kevala eka hI ke dharma kA upAdAna kara yA to upameya para upamAna ke dharma kA Aropa kiyA gayA ho yA upamAna para upameya 73 dharma kA Aropa ho, vahA~ padArthavRttinidarzanA hogii| ) nidarzanA ke donoM bhedoM ke isa mAnadaNDa ko mAnakara hamane 'viyoge gauDanArINAM ' ityAdi padya ko padArthavRttinidarzanA ke udAharaNa ke rUpa meM upanyasta kiyA hai / ( yadi koI pUrvapakSI isa bheda kA mAnadaNDa yaha mAne ki ekavAkyagata nidarzanA padArthavRtti hotI hai, anekavAkyagata ( vAkyabhedagata ) nidarzanA vAkyArthavRtti, to yaha ThIka nahIM, isalie appayadIkSita aise sthala dete haiM, jahA~ vAkyabheda na hone para bhI vAkyArthanidarzanA pAI jAtI hai / ) hama kucha udAharaNa le leM, jinameM vAkyabheda na hone para bhI vAkyArthanidarzanA pAI. jAtI hai : koI bhakta ziva se kaha rahA hai : - ' hai ziva, hamArI samasta abhIpsita vastuoM ke dAtA tumhAre hote hue, anya tuccha devAdi kA anusaraNa kara yAcaka banate hue hamaloga kAmadhenu ke hote hue bhI, pichale caraNoM ke phaTakArane se duHkha se vaza meM Ane vAle U~Ta ke bacce ke pAsa duhane kI icchA se jAte haiM / ' bhI ( yahA~ ziva ko chor3a kara anya devAdi kI sevA karane kI kriyA para kAmadhenu ke hote dUdha kI icchA se karabha kA anusaraNa karane kI kriyA kA Aropa kiyA gayA hai / yadyapi yahA~ eka hI vAkya upameyavAkya tathA upamAnavAkya bhinna-bhinna nahIM haiM, tathApi upameya ke viziSTa dharma ( ziva ke hone para bhI tuccha devoM se yAcanA karanA) tatha upamAna ke viziSTa dharma ( kAmadhenu ke hote hue bhI dUdha ke lie uSTrazizu kA anusaraNa ) meM aikyAropa pAyA jAtA hai, ataH yahA~ vAkyArthavRttinidarzanA pAI jAtI hai / ) 'he rAjan, 'apane donoM hAthoM se samudra ke tairane kI icchAvAle una logoM ne tumhAre guNa-samudra kA stavana kiyA / ' TippaNI- isI kA mAlArUpa nimna padya meM hai : -: dobhyAM titIrSati taraMgavatI bhujaMgamAdAtumicchati kare hariNAMkabimbam / meruM lilaMghayiSati dhruvameva deva yaste guNAn gaditumudyamamAdadhAti //

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kuvalayAnandaH ityAdiSu vAkyabhedAbhAve'pi vAkyArthavRttireva nidarzanA; viziSTayoraikyAropasadbhAvAt / 'vAkyArthayoH sadRzayo:' iti lakSaNavAkye vAkyArthazabdena bimbapratibimbabhAvApannavastuviziSTasvarUpayoH prastutA prastutadharmayavivakSitatvAditi / evaM ca 74 'rAjasevA manuSyANAmasidhArAvalehanam / pacAnana pariSvaGgo vyAlIbadanacumbanam // ' ityatra prastutA prastuta vRttAntayorekaikapadopAttatve'pi vAkyArthavRttinidarzanAyA na kSatiH / tayorbimbapratibimbabhAvApannavastuviziSTavyavahArarUpatvAt / ata eva nidarzanAyA rUpakAdbhedaH / rUpake hyaviziSTayoreva mukhacandrAdikayoraikyAropaH / (isa udAharaNa meM bhI vAkya eka hI hai, upameyavAkya tathA upamAnavAkya alaga alaga nahIM pAye jAte, kintu eka hI vAkya meM upameya ke viziSTa dharma ( guNastavana ) tathA upamAna ke viziSTa dharma ( hAthoM ke dvArA samudratitIrSA ) meM aikyAropa pAyA jAtA hai, ataH yaha bhI vAkyArthavRtti nidarzanA hai / ) ina udAharaNoM meM upameya tathA upamAna evaM unake viziSTa dharmoM kA upAdAna eka vAkya meM pAyA jAtA hai, phira bhI yahA~ vAkyArthavRttinidarzanA hI hai, kyoMki upamAnopameya ke tattat viziSTa dharmoM meM aikyAropa pAyA jAtA hai / ( isa para pUrvapakSI yaha zaMkA kara sakatA hai ki aisA mAnane para vAkyArthanidarzanA kA yuSmadudAhRta lakSaNa 'vAkyArthayoH sadRzayoH' kaise ThIka baiThegA, isI zaMkA kA samAdhAna karane ke lie kahate haiN| ) vAkyArthanidarzanA ke lakSaNa 'vAkyArthayoH sadRzayoH' meM 'vAkyArtha' zabda ke dvArA kevala yahI vivakSita nahIM hai ki upamAnopameya do vAkya meM hI hoM, apitu yaha vivakSita hai ki prastuta (upameya ) tathA aprastuta ( upamAna ) ke tattat dharma biMbapratibiMbabhAvarUpa viziSTa svarUpa vAle hoM - bhAva yaha hai 'vAkyArthayoH sadRzayoH' ke dvArA vAkyadvayabhAva vivakSita na hokara biMbapratibiMba bhAvarUpa se aikyAropa prApta karate prastuta tathA aprastuta ke dharmoM kA upAdAna vivakSita hai / ( isIlie yadi kahIM prastuta tathA aprastuta ke dharmoM kA alagaalaga upAdAna na kara samasta prastuta vRttAnta eka hI pada meM, tathA samasta aprastuta vRttAnta kA bhI kevala eka hI pada meM varNana kiyA gayA ho, vahA~ bhI vAkyArthavRtti nidarzanA hI hogI / ) isa prakAra 'manuSyoM ke lie rAjasevA talavAra kI dhAra kA cATanA, zera kA AliMgana tathA sarpiNI ke mukha kA cumbana hai / ' ( yahA~ 'rAjasevA' prastuta vRttAnta hai, jo eka hI pada meM varNita hai, isI taraha 'asi dhArAvalehana' Adi aprastuta vRttAnta haiM, ve bhI eka hI pada meM varNita haiM, kiMtu yahA~ upameya dharma para tattat upamAnadharma kA 'aikyAropa spaSTa hai, ataH vAkyArthavRttinidarzanA ho jAtI hai / isameM mAlArUpA vAkyArthavRttinidarzanA hai| ) isa udAharaNa meM prastuta vRttAnta tathA aprastuta vRttAnta kA eka-eka hI pada meM upAdAna kiyA hai, phira bhI yahA~ vAkyArthanidarzanA tuNNa nahIM hotI, kyoMki prastuta tathA aprastuta meM biMbapratibiMbabhAva ko prApta hone ke kAraNa unake viziSTa dharmo kA aikyAropa pAyA jAtA hai| yahI vaha bhedaka tatva hai, jisake kAraNa nidarzanA rUpaka se bhinna siddha hotI hai / rUpaka meM aviziSTa ( dharmAdi se rahita ) mukhacandrAdi ( viSayaviSayI ) kA

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nidarzanAlaGkAraH 'aGatridaNDo harerUrdhvamutkSipto balinigrahe / vidhiviSTara padmasya nAladaNDo mude'stu vaH / / ' iti viziSTatvarUpa kodAharaNe'pi na bimbapratibimbabhAvApanna vastuviziSTarUpatA; vidhiviSTara kamaladaNDa viziSTatvarUpasAdhAraNadharmavattA saMpAdanArthameva tadvizeSaNopAdAnAt / 'yaddAtuH saumyatA' ityAdinidarzanodAharaNeSu dAtRpUrNendvAdInAmAnandakaratvAdinevAtra vizeSaNayobimbapratibimbabhAvAt / yatra tu viSayaviSayivizeSaNAnAM paraspassAdRzyena vimbapratibimbabhAvo'sti | 'jyotsnAbhasmacchuraNadhavalA bibhratI tArakAsthI - nyantardhAnavyasanarasikA rAtrikApAlikIyam / aikyAropa pAyA jAtA hai / ( yahAM taka ki jahAM viSaya mukhAdi ) ( candrAdi) donoM ke tattat viziSTa dharmoM kA prayoga rUpaka ke prakaraNa meM vahAM bhI unameM biMbapratibiMbabhAva nahIM pAyA jAtA, ise spaSTa karane ke kA eka udAharaNa le leM / ) 75 tathA viSayI dekhA jAtA hai, lie hama rUpaka daityarAja bali ke bandhana ke samaya Upara uThAyA huA viSNu kA caraNa, jo brahmA AsanarUpI padma kA nAladaNDa hai, Apa logoM ko prasanna kare / " viSNu kA caraNa ( aMdhridaNDaH ) viSaya hai, isa para 'nAladaNDaH' isa viSayI kA Aropa kiyA gayA hai, yadyapi yahAM viziSTa ( dharmaviziSTa ) viSayaviSayI kA upAdAna huA hai (arthAt UrdhvotkSiptatvaviziSTAMghridaNDa ( viSaya ) tathA vidhiviSTara padma sambandhitvaviziSTanAladaNDa (viSayI) kA upAdAna huA hai ) tathApi biMbapratibiMbabhAva vAle tattat dharma se viziSTa hone ke kAraNa hone vAlA aikyAropa yahAM nahIM pAyA jAtA, kyoMki brahmA ke AsanarUpa kamaladaNDa se viziSTabhAva ke sAdhAraNa dharma ko batAne ke lie hI ina donoM vizeSaNoM kA upAdAna huA hai / jisa taraha 'dAtuH saumyatA' Adi nidarzanA ke udAharaNoM meM dAtA (prastuta ) pUrNendu ( aprastuta ) Adi ke 'saumyatA' tathA 'akalaMkatA' rUpa vizeSaNoM meM 'Anandakarakha' pAyA jAtA hai, ataH inameM biMbapratibiMbabhAva ghaTita ho jAtA hai, ThIka isI taraha isa rUpaka ke udAharaNa meM nahIM hai / ( bhAva yaha hai, yahAM tat upameyopamAna (viSayaviSayI) ke sAtha jina vizeSaNoM ( dharmoM) kA prayoga huA hai, vaha kevala samAna dharma kA saMketa karane ke lie huA hai, 'UrdhvotkSipta' tathA 'vidhiviSTara padma' meM koI biMbapratibiMbabhAva nahIM pAyA jAtA aura jaba taka biMbapratibiMbabhAva nahIM hogA, taba taka nidarzanA na hogI / ) ( pUrvapakSI ko punaH yaha zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki ukta rUpakodAharaNa se nidarzanA vAle prakaraNa meM bheda ho sakatA hai, kintu sAvayavarUpaka se kyA bheda hai ? isI kA samAdhAna karane ke lie kahate haiM / ) hama aisA udAharaNa le leM, jahA~ sAvayavarUpaka ke prakaraNa meM viSaya tathA viSayI ke tattat vizeSaNa (dharmo ) meM paraspara sAdRzya ke kAraNa biMbapratibiMbabhAva pAyA jAtA hai, jaise nimna udAharaNa meM 'cA~danI kI bhasma lapeTe ujalI banI, tAroM kI asthiyA~ dhAraNa karatI, apane antardhAna

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76 kuvalayAnandaH dvIpAdadvIpaM bhramati dadhatI candramudrAkapAle nyastaM siddhAJjanaparimalaM lAJchanasya cchalena // ' iti sAvayavarUpakodAharaNe / tatrApi viSayaviSayiNostadvizeSaNAnAM ca pratyekamevaikyAropaH, na tu jyotsnAdiviziSTarAtrirUpaviSayasya bhasmAdiviziSTakApAlikIrUpaviSayiNazca viziSTarUpeNaikyAropo'stIti / tasmAt 'rAjasevA manuSyANAm' ityAdAvapi vAkyArthavRttinidarzanaiva yuktA / matAntare tviha padArthavRttyaiva nidarzanayA bhAvyamiti // 54 // aparAM bodhanaM prAhuH kriyayA'satsadarthayoH / nazyedrAjavirodhIti kSINaM candrodaye tamaH // 55 // ke vyasana meM anurakta yaha rAtrirUpiNI yoginI apane candramArUpI mudrAkapAla (khappara ) meM kalaMka ke bahAne siddhAMjana kA cUrNa rakhakara pratyeka dvIpa meM vicaraNa kara rahI hai / (yahA~ sAvayava rUpaka hai, kyoMki rAtri ( viSaya ) para kApAlikI ( viSayI ) kA tathA usake tattat avayava jyotsnAdi ( viSaya ) para kApAlikI ke tattat avayava bhasmAdi ( viSayI ) kA bhAropa kiyA gayA hai / yahA~ jyotsnAdi tathA bhasmAdi meM paraspara sAdRzya hone ke kAraNa biMbapratibiMbabhAva pAyA jAtA hai; ataH tattat dharmoM ke biMbapratibiMbabhAva hone para isase nidarzanA kA kyA bheda hai, yaha zaMkAkAra kA abhiprAya hai / ) yadyapi yahA~ tattat viSayaviSayivizeSaNa ( jyotsnAbhasmAdi ) ke paraspara sAdRzya ke kAraNa unakA biMbapratibiMbabhAva pAyA jAtA hai, tathApi yahA~ bhI viSaya ( rAtri ) tathA viSayI ( kApAlikI) evaM unake tattat vizeSaNoM ( jyotsnAbhasmAdi ) kA eka-eka para aikyAropa pAyA jAtA hai / yaha Aropa vyastarUpa meM hotA hai, viziSTarUpa meM nahIM ki jyotsnAdiviziSTa rAtri rUpa viSaya para bhasmAdiviziSTa kApAlikIrUpa viSayI kA aikyAropa hotA ho / ( bhAva yaha hai yahA~, eka-eka viSaya rAtri tathA tadavayava jyotsnAdi para svatantrataH eka-eka viSayI kApAlikI tathA tadavayava bhasmAdi kA Aropa pAyA jAtA hai, tadanantara saMpUrNa sAvayava rUpaka kI niSpatti hotI hai, aisA nahIM hotA ki pahale jyotsnAdi vizeSaNoM kA anvaya rAtri ke sAtha ghaTita ho jAtA ho, isI taraha bhasmAdi kA anvaya kApAlikI ke sAtha, taduparAnta tadviziSTa rAtri para tadviziSTa kApAlikI kA aikyAropa hotA ho / yadi dUsarA vikalpa hotA to nidarzanA meM aura sAvayavarUpaka ke udAharaNoM meM bheda na mAnane kA prasaMga upasthita ho sakatA hai / ) ataH spaSTa hai ki 'rAjasevA manuSyANAM' ityAdi padya meM bhI vAkyArthavRttinidarzanA mAnanA hI ThIka hai / kevala vAkyadvaya meM hI tathA pRthak rUpa se prastutAprastuta tathA unake tattat dharma ke pRthaka-pRthaka upAdAna meM hI vAkyArthavRttinidarzanA mAnane vAle AlaMkArikoM ke mata meM ( matAntare tu ) isa padya ( 'rAjasevA' ityAdi) meM padArthavRtti nidarzanA hI hogI / ( nidarzanA kA dvitIya prakAra ) 55. jahA~ kisI vizeSa kriyA se yukta padArtha kI kriyA se asat yA sat artha kA bodhana karAyA jAya, vahA~ bhI nidarzanA hotI / jaise, 'rAjA ( candramA) kA virodhI naSTa ho jAtA hai' isalie candrodaya hone para andhakAra naSTa ho gayA / ' ( yaha asat artharUpA

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nidarzanAlaGkAraH udayanneva savitA padmeSvarpayati zriyam / vibhAvayan samRddhInAM phalaM suhRdanugrahaH // 56 // kasyacitkiMcitkriyAviziSTasya svakriyayA parAnprati asataH sato vA'rthasya bodhanaM yannibadhyate tadaparAM nidarzanAmAhuH / asadarthabodhane uttarArdhamudAharaNam / tatra nazyediti bodhayaditi vaktavye bodhayadityasya gamyamAnatvAdaprayogaH / tatazca rAjJA candreNa saha virudhya svayaM nAzakriyAviziSTaM tamaH svakIyanAzakriyayA bhUtA anyo'pyevaM rAjaviruddhazcennazyedityaniSTaparyavasAyinamathaM bodhayadeva naSTamityartha nibandhanAdasadarthanidazanA / tathA uttarazloke savitA svodayasamaya eva padmaSu lakSmImAdadhAnaH svayA padmalakSmyAdhAnakriyayA parAnprati samRddhInAM phalaM suhRdanugraha eveti zreyaskaramartha bodhayannibaddha iti sadarthanidarzanA / yathA vA 77 unnataM padmavApya yo laghurhelayaiva sa patediti bruvan / zailazekharagataH pRSadraNazcArumArutadhutaH patatyadhaH // atra girizekharagato vRSTibindugaNo mandamArutamAtreNApi kampitaH patan laghorunnatapadaprAptiH patana heturityasadarthaM bodhayannibaddha ityasadarthanidarzanA / nidarzanA kA udAharaNa hai / ) 'samRddhi kA phala yaha hai ki mitroM ke prati kRpA kI jAya'isa bAta ko saMketita karatA sUrya udita hote hI kamaloM meM zobhA kA saMcAra kara detA hai / ' ( yaha saMt artharUpA nidarzanA kA udAharaNa hai / ) jahA~ kisI viziSTa kriyA se yukta koI padArtha apanI kriyA se anya vyaktiyoM ke prati asatyA sat artha kA bodhana karAye, vahA~ dUsarI nidarzanA hotI hai / prathama padya ke uttarArdha meM asat artha ke bodhana kA udAharaNa hai| isa udAharaNa meM 'nazyet iti bodhayat ' kA prayoga karanA abhISTa thA, kintu kavi ne 'bodhayat ' pada ko vyaMgya rakhA hai, ataH usakA prayoga nahIM kiyA hai / isa udAharaNa meM rAjA arthAt candramA ke sAtha virodha karane para svayaM nAzakriyA se yukta ( arthAt naSTa hotA ) andhakAra apanI nAzakriyA ke dRSTAnta se isa bAta kA bodha karAtA naSTa ho rahA hai ki rAjA se virodha karane vAlA anya vyakti bhI isI taraha naSTa ho jAyagA - isa prakAra yahA~ asat artha kA bodhana karAne ke kAraNa yahA~ asadarthanidarzanA hai / dUsare zloka meM, sUrya udaya hone ke samaya hI kamaloM meM zobhA kA saMcAra kara apanI padmalakSmyAdhAna kriyA ( kamaloM meM zobhA kA nikSepa karane kI kriyA ) ke dvArA dUsare vyaktiyoM ko isa sat artha kI sUcanA detA hai ki 'samRddhi kA phala suhRdanugraha hI hai' - isa prakAra yahA~ sadarthanidarzanA pAI jAtI hai / athavA jaise 'parvata-zikhara para ArUDha jalasamUha manda havA ke jhoMkoM se nIce yaha batAte hue gira rahA hai ki kSudra vyakti ko ucca pada kI prApti ho jAne para bhI, use nIce giranA hI par3atA hai / ' yahA~ parvata zikhara para par3A huA vRSTibindusamUha manda havA ke jhoMke se kA~pa kara girate hue isa asat artha kA bodhana karAtA hai ki tuccha vyakti kI uccapadaprApti usake patana kA kAraNa hai-- ataH yahA~ asadarthanidarzanA hai /

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78 kuvalayAnandaH cuDAmaNipade dhatte bo devaM ravimAgatam / satAM kAryA''titheyIti bodhayan gRhamedhinaH / / atra samAgataM ravi zirasA saMbhAvayannudayAcalaH svaniSThayA ravidhAraNakriyayA samAgatAnAM satAmevaM gRhamedhibhirAtithyaM kAryamiti sadartha bodhayannibaddha iti sadarthanidarzanA / atra kecit vAkyArthavRtti-padArthavRttinidarzanAdvayamasaMbhavadvastusaMbandhanibandhanamiti, tRtIyA tu saMbhavadvastusaMbandhanibandhaneti ca vyavaharanti / tathA hi-AdyanidarzanAyAM vAkyArthayoraikyamasaMbhavattayoH sAmye paryavasyati / dvitIyanidarzanAyAmapi anyadharmo'nyatrAsaMbhavana dharmiNoH sAmye paryavasyati / tRtIyanidarzanAyAM tu svakriyayA parAnpati sadasadarthabodhanaM saMbhavadeva samatAM garmIkaroti / 'bodhayan gRhamedhinaH' ityAdau hi 'kArISo'gniradhyApayati' itivatsamarthAcaraNe NicaH pryogH| tatazca yathA kArISo'gniH zItApanayanena baTUnadhyayanasamarthAnkaroti evaM varNyamAnaH parvataH svayamupamAnabhAvena gRhamedhina uktabodhanasamathonkatu kSamate | yathA'yaM parvataH samAgataM ravi zirasA saMbhAvayati, (sadarthanidarzanA kA udAharaNa nimna hai|) ___ 'udaya' parvata kA varNana hai / 'jo udaya parvata gRhasthoM ko isa bAta kA bodhana karAtA huA ki 'sajanoM kA atithisatkAra karanA cAhie', apane samIpa Aye sUrya devatA ko mastaka para dhAraNa karatA hai|' yahA~ apane ghara Aye sUrya ko zira se Adara karatA (sira para dhAraNa karatA) huA udayAcala apane meM niSTha (apanI) vidhAraNakriyA ke dvArA isa sadartha kA bodhana karAtA varNita kiyA gayA hai ki ghara Aye sajana vyaktiyoM kA gRhasthoM ko atithisatkAra karanA cAhie-isa prakAra yahA~ sadarthanidarzanA pAI jAtI hai| kucha AlaMkArika vAkyArthanidarzanA tathA padArthanidarzanA ko asaMbhavadvastusaMbadharUpA nidarzanA tathA isa tIsare prakAra kI asatsadarthanidarzanA ko saMbhavadvastusaMbaMdharUpA nidarzanA mAnate haiM / isa saraNi se pahalI nidarzanA (vAkyArthanidarzanA) meM prastutAprastuta vAkyArthoM kA aikya honA asaMbhava hai, ataH yaha vastusaMbaMdha una donoM ke sAmya meM paryavasita hotA hai| isI taraha dUsarI (padArthavRtti) nidarzanA meM eka (aprastuta) kA dharma anyatra (prastuta meM)honA asaMbhava hai, ataH vaha aprastuta tathA prastuta ke sAmya kI pratIti karAtA hai| tIsarI ( asatsadarthanidarzanA) nidarzanA meM apanI kriyA ke dvArA dUsaroM ke prati asat yA sat artha kA bodhana karAnA saMbhava hai, ataH yaha saMbhava hokara hI unake sAmya kI vyaMjanA karAtA hai| 'bodhayan gRhamedhinaH' meM 'bodhayan' rUpa NijaMtapada kA prayoga acetana parvata ke sAtha kaise kiyA gayA isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna karane ke lie kahate haiM :-'bodhayan gRhamedhinaH' isa vAkya meM 'kArISo'gniradhyApayati' (gAya ke kaMDe kI Aga baTuoM ko par3hAtI hai) kI taraha Nic (preraNArthaka) kA prayoga samarthAcaraNa ke artha meM kiyA gayA hai| isalie, jaise kArISa agni baTuoM kI ThaMDa miTAkara unheM par3hane meM samartha banAtI hai, usI taraha vayamAna udayAcala bhI svayaM upamAna ke rUpa meM hokara gRhasthoM ko ukta artha ke bodhana meM samartha banAtA hai| bodhya artha yaha hai ki jisa taraha udayAcala pAsa Aye (atithi) sUrya ko sira se dhAraNa kara usakA Adara karatA hai, vaise hI gRhasthI ko

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nidarzanAlaGkAraH 76 evaM gRhamedhI samAgataM santamucitapUjayA saMbhAvayediti / ataH saMbhavati bodhana. saMbandha iti // 55-56 / / gRhAgata sajana kA Adara satkAra karanA caahie| isa prakAra yahA~ bodhanasaMbaMdha saMbhAvya hai| TippaNI-isa saMbaMdha meM eka vicAra ho sakatA hai ki nidarzanA ke isa tIsare bheda ko utprekSA se bhinna mAnanA ThIka nhiiN| hama dekhate haiM ki 'nazyedrAjavirodhI' Adi udAharaNa meM andhakAra meM bodhanakiyA kI saMbhAvanA kI gaI hai, jisakA nimitta 'nAza' hai / ThIka isI taraha 'limpatIva tamogAni' meM utprekSA hai| donoM meM koI khAsa bheda nahIM jAna pdd'taa| donoM meM yaha bheda avazya hai ki vahA~ vaha vAcyA hai, yahA~ gmyaa| hama dekhate haiM ki 'unnataM padamavApya yo laghu]layaiva sa patediti dhruvam' meM dhruvaM isa utprekSAvyaMjaka zabda kA prayoga huA hI hai / ataH nidarzabhA kevala asaMbhavavastusaMbaMdhavAlI ( padArtha tathA vAkyArtharUpA) hI hotI hai| isameM eka dharmI meM anya dharmI kA tAdAtmyA. ropa tathA usake dharmoM kA Aropa isa prakAra do hI taraha kI hotI hai| isa bAta kA saMketa gaMgAdhara vAjapeyI ne rasikaraMjanI meM kiyA hai tathA ise apane guru kA mata batAyA hai| __ 'atredaM cintyam / tRtIyA nidarzanAnAtiriktA abhyupgntvyaa| utprekSayaiva cAritA rthyAt / tathA hi-'nazyedrAjavirodhI'tyAdau tamasi bodhanamutprecayate nAzena nimittena 'limpatIva tamo'gAni' ityatreva / na hi tato'tra mAtrayApi vailakSaNyamIkSAmahe / iyAMstu vizeSaH / yattatra sambhAvanAdyotakevAdizabdopAdAnAdvAcyA sA / iha tadanupAdAnAdgamyeti / ata eva 'unnataM padamavApya yo laghurhelayaiva sa patediti dhruvam / ' ityudAharaNAntare dhruvamityutprekSAvyaJjakazabdopAdAnam / evaM cAsambhavadvastusambandhanibandhanamekameva nidarzanam / taca dharmiNi dharmyantaratAdAtmyAropataddharmAropAbhyAM dvividhamityeva yuktamityasmaddezikapari. zIlitaH pnthaaH| (rasikaraMjanI pR0 97 ) mammaTa ne dIkSita kI padArthanidarzanA tathA vAkyArthanidarzanA meM asaMbhavadvastusaMbaMdha mAnA hai, tabhI to unakI nidarzanA kI paribhASA yoM hai :-'nidarzanA, abhavan vastusaMbandha upamApari* kalpaka' (10.97 ) saMbhavadvastusaMbaMdhavAlI nidarzanA kA lakSaNa mammaTa ne yoM diyA hai : 'svasvahetvanvayasyoktiH kriyayaiva ca sA'parA' (10.98) ruyyaka ne mammaTa kI taraha do lakSaNa na dekara eka hI lakSaNa meM donoM kA samAveza kara diyA hai| 'saMbhavatAsaMbhavatA vA vastusaMbandhena gamyamAnaM pratibimbakaraNaM nidrshnaa| (pR0 97) ruyyaka kA yaha lakSaNa udbhaTa ke lakSaNa ke anurUpa hai : abhavan vastusaMbandho bhavanvA yatra kalpayet / upamAnopameyatvaM kathyate sA nidarzanA // ( kAvyAlaMkArasArasaMgraha 5. 10) mammaTa tathA ruyyaka ne ise mAlArUpA bhI mAnA hai / mammaTa ne isakA udAharaNa 'dobhyAM titI. pati' ityAdi TippaNI meM pUrvodAhRta padya diyA hai| dIkSita ne bhI vAkyArthavRttinidarzanA ke prasaMga meM jo udAharaNa diyA hai vaha ('araNyaruditaM kRtaM' ityAdi ) ruyyaka ke dvArA mAlArUpA nidarzanA ke hI prasaMga meM uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| phalataH dIkSita mI mAlArUpA nidarzanA kA saMketa kara rahe haiN|

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kuvalayAnandaH 20 vyatirekAlaGkAraH vyatireko vizeSazcadupamAnopameyayoH / zailA ivonnatAH santaH kintu prakRtikomalAH // 57 // ayamupameyAdhikya paryavasAyI vyatirekaH / yathA vA O pallavataH kalpataroreSa vizeSaH karasya te vIra ! | bhUSayati karNamekaH parastu karNaM tiraskurute || sanmyUnatva paryavasAyI yathA mwalm raktastvaM navapallatrairahamapi zlAdhyaiH priyAyA guNai stvAmAyAnti zilImukhAH smaradhanurmuktAstathA mAmapi / kAntApAdatalA hatistava mude tadvanmamApyAvayoH sarva tulyamazoka ! kevalamahaM dhAtrA sazokaH kRtaH // 20. vyatireka alaMkAra 57 - yadi upamAna tathA upameya meM paraspara vilakSaNatA (vizeSa) pAI jAya, to vahI~ vyatireka alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, saJjana parvatoM ke samAna unnata, kintu prakRti se komala hote haiM / ( yahA~ sajjana upameya hai, parvata upamAna / parvata svabhAvataH kaThora haiM, jaba ki sajjana prakRtyA komala haiM / isalie upameya meM upamAna se vilakSaNatA pAI jAtI hai / ) yaha udAharaNa upameya ke Adhikya meM paryavasita hone vAle vyatireka kA hai / TippaNI- evaM kiMciddharmaprayuktasAmyavattayA pratIyamAnayoH kiMciddharmaprayuktavailakSaNyaM vyatirekazarIram / vailakSaNyaM tu kvacidupameyasyotkarSe, kvacicca tadapakarSe paryavasannaM, kvacittu sadanyatara paryavasAna vira he'pi svavaicitryavizrAntamAtramiti bodhyam / (candrikA pR0 66 ) athavA jaise-- kavi kisI rAjA kI dAnazIlatA kI prazaMsA kara rahA hai :- he vIra, tumhAre hAtha meM kalpavRkSa ke pallava se yaha bizeSatA (bheda ) pAI jAtI hai, ki vaha to (devAMganAoM ke) kAna ko suzobhita karatA hai, jaba ki tumhArA hAtha dAnavIratA meM (rAdhAputra ) karNa kA tiraskAra karatA hai / (isa udAharaNa meM pahale udAharaNa se yaha bheda hai ki vahA~ upamAnopameya kA sAdRzya 'unnatatva' ke dvArA zAbda hai, yahA~ vaha ( raktatvAdi ) Artha (gamya ) hai, sAtha vaha yahA~ karNa ke liSTa prayoga para bhI ATata hai / ) upameya kI nyUnatA vAlA vyatireka jaise nimna padya meM-- koI virahI azoka vRkSa se kaha rahA hai : - 'he azoka, tuma pallavoM ke kAraNa lAla ( rakta ) ho, maiM preyasI ke prazasta guNoM ke kAraNa anurakta (rakta ) hU~, tumhAre pAsa bhauMre ( zilImukha) Ate haiM, mere pAsa bhI kAmadeva ke dhanuSa se chUTe bANa ( zilImukha ) A rahe haiM, preyasI kA caraNAghAta jisa taraha tere moda ke liye hotA hai, vaise hI mujhe khuza karatA

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www anubhayaparyavasAyI yathA vyatirekAlaGkAraH tara nibaddhamuSTeH kozaniSaNNasya sahajamalinasya / kRpaNasya kRpANasya ca kevalamAkArato bhedaH / / 57 / / = hai / he bhAI azoka, tuma aura maiM donoM sabhI bAtoM meM samAna haiM, 'kevala bheda itanA hai ki tuma azoka (zokarahita) ho, jaba ki vidhAtA ne mujhe sazoka (zokasahita ) banAyA hai / " ( yahA~ 'sazoka' pada ke dvArA upameya ( virahI ) kI anutkRSTatA ( apakarSa ) batAI gaI hai, ataH yaha upameyanyUnatvaparyavasAyI vyatireka hai / ) TippaNI- - upamAna se upameya kI nyUnatA meM vyatireka mAnane se paNDitarAja sahamata nahIM / ve ruyyaka ke isa mata kA khaNDana karate haiM ki upamAna se upameya ke Adhikya yA nyUnatA kI ukti meM vyatireka hotA hai / paNDitarAja vyatireka vahIM mAnate haiM, jahA~ upameya kA kisI vizeSa guNa ke kAraNa upamAna se utkarSa ( Adhikya ) pAyA jAya / 'upamAnAdupameyasya guNavizeSavazvenotkarSo vyatirekaH / ' ( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 467 ) ve alaMkAra sarvasvakAra ruyyaka ke dvArA upamAna se upameya kI nyUnatA ke udAharaNa vAle padya kI mImAMsA bhI karate haiM / 'kSINaH kSINo'pi zazI bhUyo bhUyo'pi vardhate nityam / virama prasIda sundari yauvanamanivarti yAtaM tu // isa padya meM donoM hI vyatireka mAnate haiM / bheda yaha hai, ruyyaka ke matAnusAra yahA~ kavi kI vivakSA candra kI apekSA yauvana kI isa nyUnatA meM hai ki candra kSINa hone para bhI bar3ha jAtA hai, yauvana kSINa hone para phira se nahIM lauTatA; jaba ki paNDitarAja yahA~ kavi kI vivakSA candra kI apekSA yauvana ke isa utkarSa meM mAnate haiM ki yauvana vApasa na lauTane ke kAraNa atidurlabha hai, ataH usakA mahattva punaHpunarAgamana sulabha candra kI apekSA adhika hai| isI AdhAra para paNDitarAja appaya dIkSita ke dvArA upameyanyUnatokti ke rUpa meM udAhRta- 'raktastvaM navapallavaiH' Adi kI bhI jA~ca-par3atAla karate haiN| ve yahA~ vyatireka alaMkAra na mAnakara upamA'bhAva hI mAnate haiM / kucha AlaMkArikoM ke mata se yahA~ upamAbhAvarUpa asama alaMkAra mAnA jA sakatA hai--'tadapi cintyam / syAdyadyanukUlatayA kutazcidaMgASaNApasAraNaM yathA zobhAvizeSAya bhavati, evaM prakRte upamAlaGkAradUrIkaraNamAtrameva rasAnuguNatayA ramaNIyam, na vyatirekaH / ata evAsamAlaGkAraM prAJco na manyante / anyathA tavAlaMkArAtmatayA tatsvIkAra rApa pteH / ( vahI pR. 476-77) anubhayaparyavasAyI jaise kRpaNa tathA kRpANa meM yadi koI bheda hai, to kevala AkAra ( svarUpa, A svara dhvani ) kA hI hai, bAkI saba vizeSatAe~ donoM meM samAna haiN| yadi kRpaNa apanI muTThI gADhI banda kiye rahatA hai, to kRpANa kA muSTigrAhya madhyabhAga atyadhika kasA (saMbaddha ) rahatA hai, kRpaNa apane khajAne meM hI baiThA rahatA hai, to kRpANa apane myAna meM rahatA hai, kRpaNa svabhAva se hI malina hotA hai, to kRpANa nIlA ( malina ) raMga kA hotA hai / TippaNI- yahA~ bhI paNDitarAja vyatireka nahIM mAnate, apitu upamA alaMkAra hI mAnate haiM / ve kahate haiM ki vyatireka alaMkAra meM 'AkArataH ' vAlA ilepa anukUla nahIM hotA, apitu pratikUla hai / vastutaH yahA~ zabdasAdharmyaparaka zleSamUlA upamA hI hai / 'tanna nipuNaM nirIkSitamAyuSmatA / ...... " tasmAdatra gamyopamaiva supratiSThitetyAstAM kUTakArSApaNodghATanam / ' ( vahI pR0 479 ) 6 kutra 0

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82 kuvalayAnandaH 21 sahoktyalaGkAraH sahoktiH sahabhAvazcedbhAsate jnrnyjnH| digantamagamattasya kIrtiH pratyarthibhiH saha // 58 // yathA vA chAyA saMzrayate talaM viTapinA zrAnteva pAnthaiH samaM mUlaM yAti sarojalasya jaDatA glAneva mInaiH saha / / AcAmatyahimAMzudIdhitirapastapteva lokaiH samaM nidrA garbhagRhaM saha pravizati klAnteva kAntAjanaiH / / 'janaraJjana' ityukte 'anena sAdhU viharAmburAzeH' ( raghu0 6 / 57 ) ityAdau na sahoktiralaGkAraH / / 58 // (yahA~ upameya kA na to Adhikya varNita hai, na nyUnatva hI padya kA camatkAra apane Apa meM hI vizrAnta ho jAtA hai|) . 21. sahokti alaGkAra 58-yadi do padArthoM ke sAtha rahane kA varNana camatkArI (janaraMjana) ho, to vahA~ sahokti alaGkAra hotA hai, jaise, usa rAjA kI kIrti zatruoM ke sAtha digaMta meM calI gii| (yahA~ zatru digaMta meM bhaga gaye aura kIrti digaMta meM phaila gaI, ina donoM kI sahokti camatkArI hai|) TippaNI-isa lakSaNa meM 'janaraMjana:' pada mahattvapUrNa hai, tabhI to candrikAkAra ne sahokti kA lakSaNa yoM diyA hai-camatkRtijanaka sAhityaM shoktiH'| jahA~ aneka padArthoM kA sAhitya camatkArajanaka na ho vahA~ yaha alaMkAra nahIM hogA, isIlie nimna padya meM 'sAhitya' hone para usake camatkArajanakatvAbhAva ke kAraNa sahokti alaGkAra na ho sakegA : 'anena sAdhaM virahAmburAzestIreSu tAlIvanamarmareSu / dvIpAntarAnItalavaMgapuSpairapAkRtasvedalavA marudbhiH // ' athavA jaise grIpmaRtu ke madhyAhna kA varNana hai| pathikoM ke sAtha chAyA mAno thakakara vRkSoM ke tale jAkara vizrAma le rahI hai, zItalatA mAno simaTa kara machaliyoM ke sAtha sarovara ke jala kI jar3a meM calI gaI hai, sUrya kI kiraNeM mAnoM pratapta hokara logoM ke sAtha pAnI kA Acamana kara rahI haiM aura nidrA mAno kumhalAkara ramaNiyoM ke sAtha tahakhAnoM meM ghusa gaI hai| .. kArikA ke 'janaraMjana' pada se yaha bhAva hai ki 'anena sAdhaM viharAmburAzeH' Adi padyoM meM sahokti alaMkAra isalie na hogA ki vahA~ janaraMjakatva (camatkRtijanakatva) nahIM pAyA jaataa| ___TippaNI-tikajanIkAra ne batAyA hai ki sahokti do taraha kI ho sakatI hai-eka .41 vopayarUpa, dUsarI bhettvsaayruup| anya kA udAharaNa kevala prathama prakAra kA hai, dRta prakAra kA udAharaNa yaha hai :-'astaM bhAsvAnprayAtaH saha ripubhirayaM saMhiyantAM balAni',

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vinoktyalakAraH 22 vinotyalaGkAraH vinoktizcedvinA kiMcitprastutaM hInamucyate / vidyA hRdyApi sA'vadyA vinA vinayasaMpadam // 59 // yathA vA yazca rAmaM na pazyetta yaM ca rAmo na pazyati / ninditaH sa bhavelloke svAtmApyenaM vigahate // atra ca rAmadarzanena vinA hInatvaM 'vinA' zabdamantareNaiva darzitam // 56 // taccetkicidvinA ramyaM vinoktiH sApi kathyate / vinA khalaivibhAtyeSA rAjendra ! bhavataH sabhA // 6 // yathA vA-- AvirbhUte zazini tamasA mucyamAneva rAtri naiMzasyArcihutabhuja iva cchinnabhUyiSThadhUmA / yahA~ 'astagamana' zliSTa hai| kabhI-kabhI zleSa ke binA bhI adhyavasAya hotA hai-'kumudadalaissaha samprati vighaTante ckrvaakmithunaani'| yahA~ 'vighaTante' isa eka zabda ke dvArA cakravAka tathA kumudasambandhi bheda se bhinna vipralaMbha tathA vibhAjana kA adhyavasAya kiyA gayA hai| sahokti ke viSaya meM yaha jAnanA jarUrI hai ki yaha sadA atizayoktimUlaka hotI hai, phira bhI vizeSa camatkAra hone ke kAraNa ise alaga alaMkAra mAnA jAtA hai :-'sahabhAvo zatizayoktimUlaka eva varNyamAno vicchittivishessshaalityaa'lngkaarH| ( rasikaraMjanI pR0 99 ) 22. vinokti alaGkAra 59-jahA~ vinA ke prayoga ke dvArA kisI vastu ko hIna batAyA jAya, vahA~ vinokti alaMkAra hotA hai, jaise, vinaya se rahita vidyA manohara hone para bhI niMdya hai| (yahA~ vinaya ke vinA vidyA kI hInatA batAI gaI hai|) athavA jaise 'jo rAma ko nahIM dekha pAtA aura jise rAma nahIM dekhatA, aisA vyakti saMsAra meM nindita hotA hai, usakI svayaM kI AtmA bhI usakI nindA karatI hai|' yahA~ rAmadarzana ke binA manuSyajIvana hIna hai isako 'vinA' zabda ke prayoga ke binA hI varNita kiyA gayA hai| (upara ke udAharaNa se isameM yaha bheda hai ki vahA~ vinokti zAbdI hai, yahA~ aarthii|) 60-kisI vastu ke binA (abhAva meM) koI vastu sundara varNita kI jAya, vahA~ bhI vinokti alaGkAra hotA hai, jaise he rAjendra, ApakI sabhA duSToM ke abhAva meM (duSToM ke binA)suzobhita ho rahI hai| athavA jaise koI nAyaka mAnavatI nAyikA ke viSaya meM kaha rahA hai:-jisa prakAra candramA ke udita hone para rAtri andhakAra se chuTakArA pAtI dikhAI detI hai, jisa prakAra atyadhika ghane andhakAra ke naSTa hone para rAta meM agni kI jvAlA prakAzita hotI hai tathA jisa

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84 kuvalayAnandaH mohenAntarvaratanuriyaM lakSyate muktakalpA gaGgA rodhaHpatanakaluSA gRhatIva prasAdam / / atra tamaHprabhRtInvinA nizAdInAM ramyatvaM 'vinA' zabdamantareNa darzitam / / 23 samAsoktyalaGkAraH samAsoktiH parisphUrtiH prastute'prastutasya cet / ayamaindrImukhaM pazya raktazcambati candramAH // 61 // yatra prastutavRttAnte varNyamAne vizeSaNasAmyabalAdaprastutavRttAntasyApi parisphUrtistatra samAsoktiralaGkAraH, samAsena saMkSepeNa prastutAprastutavRttAntayorvacanAt / udAharaNam-ayamaindrIti / atra hi candrasya prAcIprArambhalakSaNamukhasaM. bandhalakSaNe udaye varNyamAne 'mukhazabdasya' prArambhavadanasAdhAraNyAt 'rakta' zabda: syAruNakAmukasAdhAraNyAt 'cumbati' ityasya prastutArthasaMbandhamAtraparasya zakyArthI prakAra taTa ke girane se mailI gaMgA punaH nirmalatA ko prApta karatI sI pratIta hotI hai, ThIka usI prakAra yaha komalAGgI apane hRdaya meM moha (mAnAveza) ke dvArA thor3I-thor3I parityakta jAna par3atI hai| yahA~ andhakArAdi ke binA rAtri Adi tattat" padArtha sundara lagate haiM, isa bhAva ko yahA~ 'binA' zabda kA prayoga kiye dinA hI darzAyA gayA hai| yahA~ bhI vinokti ArthI hI hai| 23. samAsokti alaGkAra 61-jahA~ prastuta vRttAnta ke varNana se aprastuta vRttAnta kI parisphUrti (vyaJjanA) ho, vahA~ samAsokti alaGkAra hotA hai| jaise dekho yaha lAla raMga kA candramA pUrva dizA (indra kI patnI) ke mukha ko cUma rahA hai| (yaha anurAgI upanAyaka paravanitA ke mukha kA cumbana kara rahA hai|) . jahA~ prastuta vRttAnta ke varNana meM samAna vizeSaNoM ke kAraNa aprastuta vRttAnta kI bhI parisphUrti (vyaJjanA) ho, vahA~ samAsokti alaMkAra hotA hai| yaha samAsokti isalie kahI jAtI hai ki yahA~ samAsa arthAt saMkSepa se prastuta tathA aprastuta donoM vRttAntoM kI ukti (vacana) pAI jAtI hai| isakA udAharaNa 'ayamaindrI' ityAdi padyAdha hai| yahA~ prAcI dizA ke Arambhika bhAga (mukha) se sambaddha candramA ke udaya ke varNana meM prayukta 'mukha' zabda (prAcI ke) Arambhika bhAga tathA mukha meM samAna rUpa se ghaTita hotA hai, isI taraha 'rakta' zabda lAla tathA kAmuka ( upanAyaka) meM samAna rUpa se ghaTita hotA hai, sAtha hI 'cumbati' kriyApada meM yadyapi ukta do zabdoM kI bhA~ti zleSa nahIM hai, tathApi isase prastuta artha ke saMbaMdha kI pratIti hone ke sAtha hI sAtha vAcya tathA lakSya artha samAna rUpa se pratIti ho rahe haiN| ina tattat vizeSaNoM kI samAnatA 'candramAH' (candramA) zabda ke puMlliMga tathA 'aidrI' zabda ke strIliMga ke kAraNa sAtha hI 'aiMdrI' zabda ke 'indra se saMbaddha strI' isa vyutpattilabhya artha ke kAraNa upaskRta ho rahI hai tathA usase candra-pUrvadizA rUpa vRttAnta se upanAyaka-paravanitA prema-rUpa vRttAnta kI pratIti ho rahI hai|

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samAsoktyalaGkAraH ntarasAdhAraNyAcca 'candramaH' zabdagatapuMliGgena 'aindrI' zabdagata strIliGgena tatpratipAdyendrasaMbandhitvena copaskRtAdaprastuta paravanitAsaktapuruSavRttAntaH pratIyate / yathA vA vyAvalagatkucabhAramAkulakacaM vyAlolahArAvali preGkhatkuNDalazobhigaNDayugalaM prasvedivaktrAmbujam / zazvaddattakara prahAramadhikazvAsaM rasAdetayA yasmAtkanduka ! sAdaraM subhagayA saMsevyase tatkRtI // 85 w TippaNI :- tatra 'candramaH' zabdagatena puMliMgena nAyakatvAbhivyaktyA upaskAraH / 'aindrIti svarUpaparaM tadgatena strIliGgena tadarthasya nAyikatvAbhivyaktyA 'aindrI' zabdapratipAdyenendrasaMbaMdhitvena ca parakIyAtvAbhivyaktyeti bodhyam / vRttAnto vyavahAro mukhacumbanarUpaH / (candrikA pR. 69 ) ( bhAva yaha hai, isa udAharaNa meM candramA kA puMliMgagata prayoga usa para nAyaka kA vyavahArasamAropa karatA hai, isI taraha 'aiMdrI' kA strIliMgagata prayoga usapara nAyikA kA vyavahArasamAropa karatA hai / yahA~ pUrva dizA ke lie prayukta 'indrasya iyaM strI' (aiMdrI) isa bhAva vAle pada se yaha pratIta hotA hai ki vaha parakIyA nAyikA hai / candramA ( nAyaka ) parakIyA indravadhU (nAyikA) kA cumbana kara rahA hai / isa padyArdha meM prastuta candra- pUrvadizArUpa vRttAnta ke lie jina vizeSaNa- rakta, mukha, cumbati kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, ve samAnarUpa se nAyaka-nAyikA - praNayavyApAra meM bhI anvita ho jAte haiM / ataH ina samAna vizeSaNoM ke kAraNa hI yahA~ samAsoki ho rahI hai / 'ayamaindrIdizAyAM dvAgudito rajanIpatiH' pAThAntara kara dene para samAsokti nahIM ho sakegI, kyoMki yahA~ vizeSaNasAmya kA abhAva hai / ) TippaNI- samAsokti kA candrikAkAra dvArA upanyasta lakSaNa yaha hai vizeSaNamAtra sAmya gamyAprastunavRttAntatvaM samAsoktilakSaNam / isa lakSaNa meM 'vizeSaNamAtra' ke dvArA ileSa alaMkAra kA vAraNa kiyA gayA hai / zleSa tathA samAsokti meM yaha bheda hai ki samAsokti meM kevala vizeSaNa hI prastutAprastutasAdhAraNa hote haiM, jaba ki ileSa meM vizeSaNa tathA vizeSya donoM rilaSTa tathA prastutAprastuta sAdhAraNa hote haiM / ataH zleSa kI ativyApti ko rokane ke lie 'vizeSaNamAtrasAmya' kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / athavA jaise-- nAyikA ke prati anurakta koI yuvaka usake krIDAkanduka ko sambodhita kara kaha rahA hai :- he kanduka, sacamuca tuma dhanya ho ki yaha nAyikA Adara se prema sahita tumhArA sevana kara rahI hai, kyoMki isakA kucabhAra vizeSa caMcala ho rahA hai, isake keza krIDA ke Aveza ke kAraNa idhara-udhara bikhara gaye haiM, isakA hAra hila rahA hai, caMcala kuNDaloM se kapola suzobhita ho rahe haiM, mukhakamala meM pasIne kI bU~deM jhalaka AI haiM, yaha bAra-bAra hAtha se prahAra kara rahI hai, tathA isakA zvAsa adhika cala rahA hai / ( yahA~ 'kanduka' kA prayoga puMliMgagata hai, sundarI kA strIliMgagata, ataH tattat vizeSaNoM kI samAnatA ke kAraNa yahA~ kanduka-sundarIgata prastuta vRttAnta se nAyakanAyikAta aprastuta vRttAnta kI vyaJjanA ho rahI hai / vizeSaNasAmya ke kAraNa yahA~ nAyaka ke sAtha nAyikA kI viparItarati vyaJjita ho rahI hai / )

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86 kuvalayAnandaH ____ atra kandukavRttAnte varNyamAne 'vyAvalagatkucabhAram' ityAdikriyAvizeSaNasAmyAdviparItaratAsaktanAyikAvRttAntaH pratIyate / pUrvatra vizeSaNAni zliSTAni, iha sAdhAraNAnIti bhedaH / sArUpyAdapi samAsoktidRzyate / . yathA vA ( uttararAma0 2 / 27 ) purA yatra srotaH pulinamadhunA tatra saritA viparyAsaM yAto ghanaviralabhAvaH kSitiruhAm | bahodRSTaM kAlAdaparamiva manye vanamidaM ___ nivezaH zailAnAM tadidamiti buddhiM draDhayati // atra vanavarNane prastute tatsArUpyAtkuTumbiSu dhanasaMtAnAdisamRddhayasamRddhiviparyAsaM prAptasya tatsamAzrayasya grAmanagarAdervRttAntaH pratIyate / yahA~ kandukavRttAnta prastuta hai, kintu isa padya meM prayukta 'vyAvalagatkucabhAram' ityAdi kriyAvizeSaNoM kI samAnatA ke kAraNa (kyoMki viparItarati meM bhI stanAdi kA Andolana, mukhakamala kA svedayukta honA, karaprahAra tathA zvAsAdhikya pAyA jAtA hai), viparIta ratikrIDA meM vyasta nAyikA ke (aprastuta) vRttAnta kI vyaJjanA hotI hai| pahale udAharaNa se isa udAharaNa meM yaha bheda hai ki vahA~ vizeSaNa zliSTa (dvayarthaka) haiM, yahA~ ve sAdhAraNa haiM arthAt zleSa ke binA hI prakRta tathA aprakRta vRttAntoM meM anvita hote haiN| kabhI-kabhI sArUpya yA sAdRzya ke AdhAra para bhI samAsokti kA nibaMdhana pAyA jAtA hai| jaise- uttararAmacarita ke dvitIya aMka meM rAma daNDakAraNya kI bhUmi ke viSaya meM kaha rahe haiM:-jisa sthAna para pahale nadI kA sotA (pravAha) thA, vahAM aba nadIkA tIra ho gayA hai, per3oM kI saghanatA aura viralatA adala badala ho gaI hai (jahAM pahale ghane per3a the, vahAM aba chitare per3a haiM aura jahAM pahale chitare per3a the, vahAM aba ghanApana hai)| maiM isa vana ko bar3e dinoM bAda dekha rahA hU~, isalie aisA pratIta hotA hai ki yaha vahI pUrvAnubhUta vana na hokara koI dUsarA hI vana hai| itanA hone para bhI parvatoM meM koI parivartana nahIM huA hai, ataH parvatoM kI sthiti isa bAta kI puSTi karatI hai ki yaha vahI vana hai ( dUsarA nhiiN)| ___ yahAM vanavarNana prastuta hai, isake sArUpya ke kAraNa kisI aise grAma yA nagara kA aprastuta vRttAnta pratIta ho rahA hai, jahAM ke nivAsI (kuTumbI) dhana-saMtAna Adi samRddhi tathA asamRddhi kI dRSTi se badala gaye haiM / bhAva yaha hai, vanavarNana meM prayukta vyavahAra ke sArUpya ke kAraNa samRddha kuTumbiyoM kI Rddhi kA hrAsa tathA asamRddha kuTumbiyo kI Rddhi kI vRddhi honA-unakI sthiti kA viparyAsa honA-vyaJjita hotA hai| TippaNI-isa padya meM 'dhanavirala tathA viparyAsa' inake dvArA sAdRzyapratIti ho rahI hai / yahA~ sAdRzyagarbhavizeSaNopasthApitasAdRzyamUlA samAsokti hai| ataH yahA~ Upara kI kArikA se virodha nahIM hai| ___ yadi koI pUrvapakSI yaha zaMkA kare ki yahA~ aprastuta vRttAnta meM vizeSaNasAmya kA vyaMgyatva nahIM pAyA jAtA, ataH isameM samAsokti kA lakSaNa ghaTita nahIM hotA, to yaha samAdhAna kiyA jA

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samAsoktyalaGkAraH 87 atra ca prastutAprastutasAdhAraNavizeSaNabalAt sArUpyabalAdvA yadaprastutavRttAntasya pratyAyanaM tatprastute vizeSye tatsamAropArtha sarvathaiva prastutAnanvayinaH kavisaMrambhagocaratvAyogAt / tatazca samAsoktAvaprastutavyavahArasamAropazcArutAhetuH, na tu rUpaka iva prastute'prastutarUpasamAropo'sti / 'mukhaM candra' sakatA hai ki yahA~ vizeSaNasAmya ke dvArA vyaJjita sAdRzya kI pratIti ho rahI hai, isase vizeSaNasAmya kA vyaJjakatva tathA usase pratIta sAdRzya kA vyaMgyatva spaSTa hai| parantu yahA~ para pradhAnatA vizeSaNasAmya kI na hokara sArUpya kI hai, ataH sArUpya ke vyaJjakatva kI mahattA batAne ke lie granthakAra ne 'sArUpyAta' kahA hai| bhAva yaha hai, sArUpyagata samAsokti meM bhI vizeSaNasAmya avazya hotA hai, kintu yaha sArUpya kA upaskAraka hotA hai tathA prastuta vRttAnta para aprastuta vRttAnta kA samAropa karane meM sAdRzya kA vyaJjakatva pradhAna kAraNa hotA hai,| Age granthakAra ne samAsokti ke sambandha meM yaha kahA hai ki samAsokti yA to vizeSaNasAmya se hotI hai yA sArUpya se, isakA bhI yahI abhiprAya hai ki eka meM vizeSaNasAmya kI pradhAnatA hotI hai, dUsare bheda meM sArUpya kii| paMDitarAja jagannAtha isa mata se sahamata nhiiN| ve kuvalayAnandakAra ke dvArA samAsokti ke udAharaNa rUpa meM upanyasta 'purA yatra srotaH"buddhiM draDhayati' isa padya meM samAsokti hI nahIM mAnate, kyoMki yahA~ samAsokti kA kAraNa vizeSaNasAmya nahIM pAyA jAtA'samAsoktijIvAtorbizeSaNasAmyasyAtrAbhAvena samAsoktitAyA evaanupptteH|' (rasagaMgAdhara pR. 513) sAtha hI ve isa bAta kA bhI khaMDana karate haiM ki samAsokti ke lakSaNa meM 'vizeSaNasAmya athavA sAdRzya se jahA~ prastuta se aprastuta vyavahAra kI vyaJjanA ho' aisA samAveza kara diyA jaay| ve isa sthala meM aprastutaprazasA mAnate jAna par3ate haiM / (de0 vahI pR0 513-14) ( sAtha hI de0 rasagaMgAdhara pR0 544-545) appaya dIkSita ke isa samAsoktibheda kA khaMDana kuvalayAnandaTIkA 'rasikaraMjanI' ke lekhaka gaMgAdharAdhvarI ne bhI kiyA hai| gaMgAdhara isa padya meM upamAdhvani mAnate haiN| vastutaH per3oM kI saghanatA aura viralatA kA viparyAsa hone para parvatoM ke kAraNa 'yaha vahI sthAna hai' yaha pratyabhijJA upamAdhvani ko hI puSTa karatI hai| _ 'atredaM vicAraNIyam / 'purA yatre'tyudAharaNe sArUpyanibaMdhanA samAsoktiriti tAvadayuktam / prastutavizeSaNasadRzatayA aprastutavRttAntAvagatirhi viziSTayoraupamyagamikA paryavasyatIti yathA grAmanagarAdiH pUrvadRSTazcirakAlavyavadhAnena pazcAdavalokyamAnaH prAgdRSTaviparItatayA sampattidAridrayagRhAdiviralAviralabhAvAdinA anya iva pratIyamAnaH tadvatacirakAlalupyamAnaprAkAradIrghikAtaTAkAdibhiH sa eva grAmaH, tadevedaM nagaramiti pratIyate / tathe. damapi vanaM prAglacamaNasahitena mayA dRSTaM samprati cirakAlaparAvRttena paridRzyamAnaM vanagata. nadIsrotaHpulinaviparyAsaghanaviralabhAvAdimattayA anyadiva pratIyamAnaM tadavastha evAyaM zailasannivezaH tadevedamiti pratyabhijJAyata ityupamAdhvanerevonmeSAtsamAsokkigandhasyaivAbhAvAt / ata eva prAcAM grantheSu vizeSaNasAdhAraNyazliSTatvasamAsabhedAzrayaNairaprastutavyaktAveva tasyA lakSaNaM varNitamupapadyate / ( rasikaraMjinITIkA pR0 108-109 kumbhakoNam se prakAzita ) __Upara ke ina udAharaNoM meM prastuta tathA aprastuta meM samAna rUpa se ghaTita hone vAle vizeSaNoM ke kAraNa (jaise 'ayamaiMdrImukhaM' yA 'vyAvalgatkucamAra' ityAdi meM) yA sArUpya ke kAraNa (jaise purA yatra srotaH' ityAdi meM) tattat aprastuta vRttAnta kI pratIti ho

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kuvalayAnandaH ityatra mukhe candratvAro pahetucandrapadasamAbhivyAhAravat 'raktazcumbati candramA ' ityAdisamAsoktyudAharaNe candrAdau jAratvAdyAro pahetostadvAcakapadasamabhivyAhArasyAbhAvAt / 85 nirIkSya vidyunnayanaiH payodo mukhaM nizAyAmabhisArikAyAH / dhArAnipAtaiH saha kiM nu vAntazcandro'yamityArtataraM rarAsa // ' ityekadezavivartirUpa kodAharaNa iva prastute'prastutarUpasamAropagamakasyApyarahI hai| ina aprastuta vRttAntoM kI vyaMjanA isalie ho rahI hai ki unakA prastuta vRttAnta (vizeSya ) meM (candrapUrvadizAgata vRttAnta, nAyikA kandukagata vRttAnta tathA tarughanaviralabhAva viparyAsa meM) samAropa ho, kyoMki kavivyApAra meM aisA koI prayoga nahIM pAyA jAtA jo prastuta vRttAnta se sarvathA asaMbaddha ho| isalie samAsokti meM camatkAra kA hetu prastutavRttAnta para aprastutavRttAnta kA vyavahAra samAropa hI hai / vyavahAra samAropa se hamArA yaha tAtparya hai ki rUpaka kI taraha yahAM prastuta para aprastuta ke rUpa kA samAropa nahIM hotA / ( bhAva yaha hai, rUpaka meM rUpa kA samAropa pAyA jAtA hai, jaba ki samAsokti meM rUpa kA samAropa nahIM hotA, kevala vyavahAra kA samAropa hotA hai / ) udAharaNa ke lie 'mukhaM candra:' isa ukti meM rUpaka alaMkAra hai, yahAM mukha ( prastuta ) para candrava (aprastuta ke dharma ) kA Aropa pAyA jAtA hai, isa Aropa ke hetu rUpa meM kavi ne spaSTataH candra pada kA prayoga kiyA hai| isa prakAra rUpaka meM prastuta ( viSaya ) ke sAtha hI sAtha aprastuta (viSayI) ko bhI prayoga kiyA jAtA hai samAsokti ke udAharaNa 'raktacumbati candramAH' yaha bAta nahIM hai, yahAM candrAdi ke vyApAra para jAra-paranAyikA Adi ke vyApAra kA hI samAropa pAyA jAtA hai, candrAdi para jAratvAdi ke rUpa kA samAropa nahIM, kyoMki yadi yahAM rUpasamAropa hotA, to jArAdi ( aprastuta ) ke vAcakapada kA prayoga kiyA jAtA, vaha yahAM nahIM kiyA gayA hai| ataH spaSTa hai, samAsokti meM aprastuta kA vAcaka prayukta nahIM hotA / " ( isa saMbaMdha meM phira eka zaMkA hotI hai ki yahAM jArAdi ke vAcaka pada kA prayoga na hone para zrauta ( zAbda) rUpaka na mAna kara Artha rUpaka mAna liyA jAya tathA rUpasamA - ropa ko Artha hI mAnA jAya, isa prakAra yahAM rUpaka alaMkAra ko vyaMgya mAnakara rUpakadhvani mAna liyA jAya, isI zaMkA kA samAdhAna karate hai / ) 'raktazcumbati candramAH' Adi meM aisA koI hetu nahIM hai, jisase hama vahAM prastuta ( candrAdi) para aprastuta ( jArAdi ) kA vaisA rUpa samAropa mAna leM, jaisA ki nimna ekadezavivartirUpaka ke udAharaNa meM pAyA jAtA hai| : mukha 'varSAkAla kA varNana hai / rAtri ke andhakAra meM priya ke pAsa abhisaraNa karatI nAyikA 'ko bijalI ke netroM se dekhakara bAdala ne socA ki kyA yaha candramA to nahIM hai, jise bU~doM kI jhar3I ( jaladhArA ) ke sAtha maiMne ugala diyA hai; aura aisA socakara vaha jora se cillAne lagA / ' (yahAM ekadezavivartirUpaka alaMkAra hai / 'vidyannayanaiH' pada meM 'vidyut eva nayanam' isa vigraha se rUpaka alaMkAra niSpanna hotA hai| isake dvArA megha para darzaka kA Aropa hotA hai / hama dekhate haiM ki isa padya meM 'vidyannayanaiH' pada nirIkSaNa kriyA (nirIkSya) kA kAraNa hai, ataH usake anukUla hone ke kAraNa isa samAsAntapada meM uttarapadArtha ( nayana ) kI

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samAsoktyalaGkAraH 86 bhAvAt / tatra hi 'vidyunnayanaiH' ityatra nirIkSaNAnuguNyAduttarapadArthapradhAnarUpamayUravyaMsakAdisamAsavyavasthitAduttarapadArthabhUtanayanAnvayAnurodhAt payode'nuktamapi draSTrapuruSatvarUpaNaM gamyamupagamyate / na ceha tathAnirIkSaNavat 'tvayyAgate kimiti vepata eSa sindhuH' iti zloke setukRttvAdivaccAprastutasAdhAraNavRttAnta upaatto'sti| nApi zliSTasAdhAraNAdivizeSaNasamarpitayoH prastutAprastutavRttAntayoraprastutavRttAntasya vidyunnayanavatprAdhAnyamasti / yena tadanurodhAttvaM setumantha. kRdityatreva prastute'nuktamapyaprastutarUpasamAropamabhyupagacchemAtasmAdvizeSaNasama pradhAnatA ho jAtI hai, kyoMki nirIkSaNa kriyA meM vahI ghaTita hotA hai| aisA mAnane para yahA~ uttarapadArtha pradhAna mayUravyaMsakAdi samAsa mAnanA hogA, isa saraNi se uttarapadArtha 'nayana ke saMbaMdha ke kAraNa hameM megha meM darzaka (draSTA puruSa) ke Aropa kI pratIti hotI hai, yadyapi kavi ne usake lie kisI vAcaka zabda kA prayoga nahIM kiyA hai| isalie 'vidyunnayanaH' ke ekadeza meM rUpaka hone se yahA~ sarvatra rUpaka kI vyavasthA mAnanI pdd'egii| 'raktazcambati candramA' Adi samAsokti ke pUrvodAhRta tIna udAharaNoM meM yaha bAta nahIM hai| jisa taraha 'nirIkSya' ityAdi padya meM nirIkSaNa kriyA rUpa aprastuta sAdhAraNa vRttAnta kA upAdAna kiyA gayA hai, athavA jaise 'svayyAgate kimiti vepata eSa sindhuH' ityAdi rUpakAlaMkAra ke prasaMga meM udAhRta padya meM setumanthanakRttva rUpa aprastuta sAdhAraNavRttAnta kA upAdAna kiyA gayA hai, vaisA yahA~ koI bhI aprastutasAdhAraNavRttAnta nahIM dikhAI detaa| TippaNI-pUrA padya yoM hai / isakA vyAkhyA rUpaka ke prakaraNa meM dekheM / tvayyAgate kimiti vepata eSa sindhustvaM setumanthakRdataH kimasau bibheti / dvIpAntare'pi na hi te'styavazaMvado'dya tvAM rAjapuGgava, niSevata eva lakSmIH / (pUrvapakSI ko punaH yaha zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki yahA~ bhI paranAyikA mukhacumbana rUpa aprastuta vRttAnta kA prayoga huA hai aura aprastutasAdhAraNadharma hone ke kAraNa aprastuta rUpa samAropa (Aropa)kA vyaMjaka hai-ataH isakA samAdhAna karate kahate haiM-) mAnA ki yahA~ (samAsokti meM) zliSTa, sAdhAraNa tathA sAdRzyagarbha vizeSaNoM ke kAraNa prastuta va aprastuta vRttAntoM kI pratIti hotI hai, kiMtu rUpaka to taba mAnA jA sakatA hai, jaba ina donoM meM aprastuta kI pradhAnatA ho, jisa taraha 'vidyannayana' meM nayana (aprastuta) kA prAdhAnya hone se vahA~ rUpaka hotA hai, vaise yahA~ (raktazcambati' Adi sthaloM meM) aprastuta ke prAdhAnya kI vyavasthA karane meM koI niyAmaka nahIM dikhAI detaa| jisase usa niyAmaka tattva ( hetu yA gamaka) ke kAraNa (tadanurodhAt) hama ina sthaloM meM bhI anukta aprastuta. rUpasamAropa kI pratIti ThIka vaise hI kara leM, jaise aprastutarUpasamAropa ke sAkSAt vAcaka hetu ke na hone para bhI hama tvaM setumanthakRt' ityAdi sthala meM prastuta (rAjA) para aprastuta (viSNu) kA rUpasamAropa kara lete haiN| (bhAva yaha hai, jisa taraha 'nirIkSya' vAle padya meM 'nayana' ke dvArA nirIkSaNa tathA tvayyAgate' vAle padya meM 'setumanthakRtva' kA prayoga aprastuta (darzaka tathA viSNu) ko pradhAna banAkara darzakatva tathA viSNutva kA megha evaM rAjA (prastuta) para rUpasamAropa karane meM niyAmaka evaM gamaka hotA hai, ThIka vaise hI ina tIna samAsokti vAle udAharaNoM meM aisA koI gamaka nahIM, jo kramazaH jAra, kAmuka tathA kuTumbI vAle tattat

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kuvalayAnandaH pitAprastutavyavahArasamAropamAtramiha cArutAhetuH / yadyapi prastutAprastutavRttAntayoriha zliSTasAdhAraNavizeSaNasamarpitayobhinnapadopAttavizeSaNayoriva vizeSyeNaiva sAkSAdanvayAdasti samaprAdhAnyam , tathApyaprastutavRttAntAnvayAnurodhAnna prastute'. prastutarUpasamAropo'GgIkAryaH / tathA hi-yathA prastutavizeSye nAstyaprastuta vRttAntasyAnvayayogyatA tathaiva vA'prastute'pi jArAdau nAsti prastutavRttAntasyAaprastuta ko pradhAna banA de, jisase candramA, kanduka tathA vRttoM para unake tattat dharma kA samAropa mAnA jaay|) isalie yaha spaSTa hai ki samAsokti alaMkAra meM camatkAra kA kAraNa prastuta para kevala aprastuta kA vyavahArasamAropa hI (rUpasamAropa nahIM) mAnA jAnA cAhie, jo tattat prakAra ke vizeSaNa ke kAraNa vyaMjita hotA hai| (pUrvapakSI ko punaH yaha zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki yadyapi yahA~ 'vidyunnayana' kI bhAMti samAsagata zrota (zAbda) aprastutaprAdhAnya nahIM pAyA jAtA, tathApi aprastutavRttAnta kI pratIti vizeSaNa ke sAmarthya se ho hI rahI hai aura usakA Artha prAdhAnya to hai hii| aisI zaMkA ko upasthita kara isakA samAdhAna karate haiN|) ___ yadyapi samAsokti ke ina sthaloM meM zliSTavizeSaNasAmya yA sAdhAraNavizeSaNa sAmya ke kAraNa prastutAprastutavRttAnta kI pratIti ThIka vaise hI ho rahI hai, jaise tattat vRttAnta ke lie bhinna ( azliSTa alaga 2) pada vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM prayukta kiye gaye hoM tathA unakA sAkSAt anvaya vizeSya (prastutAprastuta donoM ke sAtha na ki kevala prastuta) ke sAtha ghaTita hotA hai, ataH donoM kA samaprAdhAnya ho jAtA hai, tathApi prastuta meM aprastutavRttAnta kA anvaya Avazyaka hai, isalie prastuta meM aprastuta kA rUpa samAropa nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| (bhAva yaha hai, 'raktazcumbati candramAH' ityAdi sthaloM meM zliSTAdivizeSaNoM ke dvArA vyaMjita paranAyikA mukhacumbanAdirUpa aprastuta vRttAnta prathama kSaNa meM hI aprastuta ke rUpa meM pratIta nahIM hotA, jisase hama aprastuta jArAdi kA Aropa prastuta candrAdi para kara ske| hameM isa aprastutavRttAnta kI pratIti taTastha rUpa meM hotI hai tathA tadanantara jAratvAdiviziSTa anurAgapUrvakavadanacumbanAdirUpa aprastuta vRttAnta kA prastuta candrAdivRttAnta para vyavahAra samAropa hotA hai| isI ko spaSTa karate phira kahate haiN)| ___ hama dekhate haiM ki jisa taraha prastuta vizeSya (candrAdi) meM aprastuta vRttAnta (jAravRttAntAdi) kI anvayayogyatA nahIM hai (kyoMki vaha samapradhAna hai), ThIka isI taraha aprastuta jArAdi meM bhI prastuta vRttAnta (candranizAvRttAnta ) kI anvayayogyatA nhiiN| (yahA~ uttarapakSI ne isa zaMkA ko mAnakara samAdhAna kiyA hai ki prastuta candrAdivRttAnta kA aprastuta jArAdivRttAntarUpa dharmI meM anvaya mAnA jA sakatA hai / isI zaMkA ko spaSTa karane ke lie kahate haiM ki vastutaH na to prastuta hI aprastutavRttAnta kA anvayI (dharmI) hai, na aprastuta hI prastuta vRttAnta kA anvayI hai| kisI meM bhI eka dUsare ke sAtha anvita hone kI yogyatA nahIM pAI jaatii| isIlie donoM artha samapradhAna haiN| aisA mAnane para pUrvapakSI phira eka zaMkA uThA sakatA hai ki yadi kisI meM dUsare ke sAtha anvita hone kI yogyatA nahIM hai, to phira kisI kA bhI kisI ke sAtha anvaya na hogaa| isI kA samAdhAna karate kahate haiN|) TippaNI-alaMkAra candrikA ke nirNayasAgara saMskaraNa meM yaha paMkti azuddha chapI hai :--'yathA.

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samAsoktyalaGkAraH 61 nvayayogyatA | evaM ca samapradhAnayoH prastutAprastutavRttAntayoranyatarasyArope'va. zyamabhyupagantavye zruta eva prastute'prastutavRttAntasyAropazcArutAheturiti yuktam ! nanvevaM sati vizeSaNasAmyAdaprastutasya gamyatve samAsoktiH / 'vizeSaNAnAM sAmyena yatra prastutavartinAm / aprastutasya gamyatvaM sA smaasoktirissyte||' ityAdIni prAcInAnAM samAsoktilakSaNAni na saMgaccheran / prastute zliSTasAdhA. raNAdirUpavizeSaNasamapitAnurAgapUrvakavadanacumbanAdyaprastutavRttAntasamAropamA trasya cArutAhetutvAbhyupagamena vizeSaNasAmyakRtakAmukAdyaprastutadhamivyaJjanAnapekSaNAditi cet-ucyate; svarUpato'prastutavRttAntasyAropo na cArutAhetuH, kiMtva nAstyaprastutavRttAntasyAnvayAyogyatA....."prastutavRttAntasyAnvayayogyatA / ' yahA~ pahale vAkyAMza meM 'anvayAyogyatA' pATha hai, dUsare meM 'anvyyogytaa'| yaha galata pATha hai| vastutaH yahA~ donoM pakSoM meM yogyatArUpavinigamaka kA abhAva batAnA iSTa hai, jo isa pATha se pratIta nahIM hotaa| kumbhakoNam se prakAzita kuvalayAnanda meM yaha pATha donoM sthAnoM para 'anvayayogyatA' hai. jo donoM vAkyAMzoM meM 'nAsti' ke sAtha anvita hokara 'yogyatArUpa vinigamakaviraha' kI pratIti karAtA hai / de0 kuvalAnandaH [ rasikaraMjinI TIkA sahita ] pR0 105) jaba donoM pakSa samapradhAna haiM, to hameM prastutavRttAnta yA aprastutavRttAnta meM se kisI na kisI eka pakSa kA dUsare para Aropa avazya mAnanA hogA (anyathA aisA varNana kavi kyoM karatA), hama dekhate haiM ki kAvyavAkyArtha se hameM sarvaprathama prastuta vRttAnta kI hI pratIti hotI hai, ataH zruta prastuta vRttAnta para hI (vyaMgya) aprastuta vRttAnta kA Aropa camatkAra kA kAraNa hai, aisA siddhAnta mAnanA ThIka jAna par3atA hai| (pUrvapakSI phira eka prazna pUchatA hai ki yaha Aropa to dharmiviziSTatArahita vyApAra kA bhI ho sakatA hai, sAtha hI Apa jo dharmiviziSTa vyApAra kA vyavahAra samAropa mAnate haiM, vaha to prAcIna AlaMkArikoM ke samAsokti ke lakSaNa se ThIka nahIM miltaa| hama pratAparudrIyakAra vidyAnAtha kA nimna lakSaNa le leN|) pUrvapakSI kI zaMkA hai ki Apake mata ko mAnane para to prAcInoM kA yaha mata ki 'vizeSaNasAmya se aprastuta ke vyaMjita hone para samAsokti hotI hai, 'jahA~ prastuta ke lie prayukta vizeSaNoM ke sAmya se aprastuta kI vyaJjanA ho, vahA~ samAsokti hotI hai| ye prAcIna AlaMkArikoM ke lakSaNa ThIka nahIM baittheNge| hama dekhate haiM ki inake matAnusAra zliSTa yA sAdhAraNa vizeSagoM ke dvArA pratyAyita 'premapUrvaka mukhacumbana' Adi aprastutavRttAnta ke samAropa meM hI cArutAhetu mAnA jA sakatA hai, phira to vizeSaNasAmya ke kAraNa pratIta jArAdi aprastuta dharmI kI vyaJjanA kI koI jarUrata hai hI nahIM (jaba ki Apa-siddhAnta. pakSo-jArAdi aprastuta dharmI kI vyaJjanA honA bhI jarUrI mAnate haiM) yadi pUrvapakSI yaha zaMkA kare to isakA uttara yoM diyA jA sakatA hai| aprastutavRttAnta kA svarUpataH Aropa kisI bhI camatkAra ko utpanna nahIM krtaa| yahA~ camatkArapratIti tabhI ho pAtI hai, jaba ki aprastusa kAmukAdi se saMbaddha hokara (taddharmiviziSTa hokara) vaha vyaMgyarUpa aprastuta. vRttAnta prastutavRttAnta para Aropita kiyA jAya / aisA hone para hI vaha rasAnuguNa ho skegaa| (bhAva yaha hai, yadi hama yaha mAne ki candramA para premapUrvaka nizAvadanacumbana

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62 kuvalayAnandaH w prastutakAmukAdisaMbandhitvenAvagamyamAnasya tasyAropaH tathAbhUtasyaiva rasAnuguNatvAt / na ca tAvadavagamane vizeSaNapadAnAM sAmarthya masti / ataH zleSAdimahinA vizeSaNapadaiH svarUpataH samarpitena vadanacumbanAdinA tatsaMbandhini kAmukAdAvabhivyakte punastadIyatvAnusaMdhAnaM tatra bhavati / yathA svarUpato dRSTena rAjAzvAdinA tatsaMbandhina rAjAdau smArite punarazvAdau tadIyatvAnusaMdhAnaM tadvaditi vizeSaNasAmyena vAcyopaskArakasyAprastutavyaJjanasyAstyapekSA / ata eva liSTavizeSaNAyAmiva sAdhAraNa vizeSaNAyA madhyaprastutavyavahArasamAropa ityeva prAcInAnAM pravAdaH kanduke vyAvalagatkucabhAratvAdi viziSTavanitA sevyatvasya kAmukasaMbandhitvenaiva samAropaNIyatvAt | svarUpataH kanduke'pi tasya sattvenAsamAropaNIyatvAt / kiM ca sArUpyanibandhanatvenodAhRtAyAM samAsoktAvaprastutavRttAntasyAzabdArthasyAprastutavRttAnta rUpeNaivAvagamyatayA tena rUpeNaiva tatra samAropasiddheranyatrApi tathaiva yuktamiti yuktameva prAcInAnAM lakSaNamiti vibhAvanIyam / / 61 / / kriyA kA Aropa pAyA jAtA hai, to isameM koI camatkAra nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki candramA ( acetana padArtha ) nizA ( acetana padArtha ) kA cumbana karatA hai, yahA~ tabhI camatkAra mAnA jA sakatA hai, jaba hama candramAnizAvRttAnta para isa vRttAnta kA Aropa kareM ki koI kAmuka upapati kisI parakIyA ke mukha kA sAnurAga cuMbana kara rahA hai| aisA mAnane para yahA~ rati kI pratIti hogI, tathA yahI artha rasAnuguNa ho sakatA hai| yadi koI yaha kahe ki tattat vizeSaNoM se hI yaha pratIti ho jAyagI, to isakA uttara yaha hai ki vizeSaNa padoM meM usa jAratvAdiviziSTa vadanacuMbanAdi kI vyaJjanA karAne kI zakti nahIM hai / vastutaH zleSAdi ke kAraNa pahale to una una prastutaparaka vizeSaNoM se hameM aprastuta vadanacumvanAdi kI pratIti hotI hai, taba isa vadanacumbanAdi ke dvArA tatsaMbaMdhI cetana kAmukAdivyaJjita hotA hai, tadanaMtara phira hama 'yaha vadanacumbanAdi kAmukAdi kA 'hai' isa pratIti para pahu~cate haiM / dRSTAnta ke lie mAna lIjiye, hamane koI rAjA kA ghor3A ( rAjAzva ) jaisA padArtha dekhA, taba hama usa ghor3e Adi ko dekhakara eka dama usake saMbaMdhI rAjAdi kA smaraNa karate haiM aura phira punaH rAjA ke sAtha usa ghor3e kA saMbaMdha jor3akara 'yaha rAjA kA ghor3A hai' aisA anubhava prApta karate haiM, ThIka isI taraha vizeSaNasAmya ke dvArA vAcyArtha ke dvArA upaskRta aprastuta ( jArAdi ) kI vyaJjanA kA honA jarUrI hotA hai / isalie prAcInoM kA aisA mata rahA hai ki liSTavizeSaNA samAsokti kI taraha sAdhAraNa vizeSaNA samAsokti meM bhI aprastuta vyavahAra samAropa pAyA jAtA hai / 'vyAvahagatkucabhAra' Adi padya meM kaMduka ke 'vyAvalagatkucabhAratvAdiviziSTa vanitA ke dvArA sevita kiyA jAnA rUpa' vizeSaNa kA kAmuka se saMbandha jor3akara hI aprastuta ( kAmukavRttAnta ) kA prastuta (kaMdukavRttAMta ) para vyavahAra-samAropa ho sakatA hai / vaise ye vizeSaNa kanduka meM bhI pAye jAte haiM, para inakA Aropa tabhI ho sakatA hai, aba vaha aprastuta kAmuka saMbandha se yukta ho anyathA nhiiN| sAtha hI sArUpyanibaMdhanA samAsokti meM bhI aprastutavRttAnta (jaise 'purA yatra srotaH' padya meM kuTumbiyoM kI samRddhyasamRddhi) vAcyArtha nahIM hai, ataH usakI pratIti aprastutavRttAMta rUpa meM hI hotI hai tathA isI rUpa meM usakA samAropa prastutavRttAMta (kSitirughana viralabhAvaviparyAsa) para hotA hai, ThIka yahI bAta samAsokti ke anya sthaloM bhI mAnanA ThIka hai, ataH prAcInoM kA lakSaNa ThIka hI hai, yaha dhyAna dene yogya hai / ?

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parikarAlaGkAraH 24 parikarAlaGkAraH alaGkAraH parikaraH sAbhiprAye vizeSaNe / sudhAMzukalitottaMsastApaM haratu vaH zivaH // 62 // atra 'sudhAMzukalitottaMsaH' iti vizeSaNaM tApaharaNasAmarthyAbhiprAyagarbham / yathA vA ( kumAra0 3 / 10 ~~ > 3 sarvAzuci nidhAnasya kRtaghnasya vinAzinaH / zarIrakasyApi kRte mUDhAH pApAni kurvate // ~~~~ tava prasAdAtkusumAyudho'pi sahAyamekaM madhumeva labdhvA / kuryA harasyApi pinAkapANedhairyacyuti ke mama dhanvino'nye // atra 'pinAkapANe:' iti haravizeSaNaM 'kusumAyudha' ityarthalabhyAhamarthavizeSaNaM ca sArAsArAyudhatvAbhiprAyagarbham / yathA vA 24 parikara alaMkAra 62 - jahA~ kisI prakRta artha se saMbaddha vizeSa abhiprAya kI vyaMjanA karAne ke lie kisI vizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA jAya, vahA~ parikara alaMkAra hotA hai jaise candramA ke dvArA suzobhita sira vAle ziva Apa logoM ke saMtApa ko dUra kareM / TippaNI- parikara kA lakSaNa yaha hai : - 'prakRtArthopapAdakArtha vyaJjaka vizeSaNatvaM parikaralakSaNam / ' parikara alaMkAra meM dhvani nahIM hotI, kyoMki yahA~ vyaMgyArthaM vAcyArtha kA upaskAraka hotA hai / ataH dhvani kA vAraNa karane ke hI lie 'prakRtArthopapAdaka' vizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / hetu alaMkAra ke vAraNa ke hI lie 'vyaJjakatva' kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki jahAM hetu meM 'vyaJjakatva' nahIM hotA, vahA~ 'bodhakatva' hotA hai / parikarAMkura alaMkAra ke vAraNa ke lie lakSaNa meM 'vizeSaNa' kA niveza kiyA gayA hai. kyoMki parikarAMkura meM vizeSya kA prayoga sAbhiprAya hotA hai / yahA~ 'sudhAMzukalitottaMsaH' pada 'zivaH' kA vizeSaNa hai, jisakA prayoga isalie kiyA gayA hai ki zaMkara meM tApa ko miTAne kI zakti hai, kyoMki zItala candramA unake mastaka para sthita hai, isa abhiprAya kI pratIti ho sake / athavA jaise-- kumArasaMbhava ke tRtIya sarga meM kAmadeva indra se kaha rahA hai - 'he devendra, tumhArI kRpA se akele vasaMta ko sAtha pAkara kusumAyudha hone para bhI maiM pinAka dhanuSa ko dhAraNa karane vAle ziva taka ke dhairya kA bhaMga kara dU~, dUsare dhanurdhArI to mere Age kyA cIja haiM ? yahA~ mahAdeva ke lie prayukta vizeSaNa 'pinAkapANi' tathA 'kuryAM' kriyA ke dvArA arthalabhya (AkSipta ) 'ahaM' ke vizeSaNa 'kusumAyudha' ke dvArA kavi pinAka dhanuSa ke balazAlI hone tathA puSpoM ke dhanuSa ke nirbala hone kI pratIti karAnA cAhatA hai / ataH yahA~ parikara alaMkAra hai / athavA jaise 'yaha tuccha zarIra samasta apavitratA kA ghara hai tathA kRtaghna evaM kSaNika hai, phira bhI mUrkha (ajJAnI ) loga isake lie taraha taraha ke pApa karma karate rahate haiM / '

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64 kuvalayAnandaH atra zarIravizeSaNAni tasya heyatvenAsaMrakSaNIyatvAbhiprAyagarbhANi | yathA vAvyAsthaM naikatayA sthitaM zrutigaNaM, janmI na valmIkato, nAbhau nAbhavamacyutasya, sumahadbhASyaM ca nAbhASiSam / citrArtho na bRhatkathAmacakathaM, sutrAmiNa nAsaM guru deva ! tvadguNavRndavarNanamahaM katu kathaM zaknuyAm ? / / atra zrutigaNaMvyAstham' ityAdIni vizeSaNAni svasmin vyAsAdyasAdhAraNakAryakartRtvaniSedhamukhena 'nAhaM vyAsaH' ityAdyabhiprAyagarbhANi | tatrAdyayorudAharaNayorekaikaM vizeSaNam , samanantarayoH pratyeka bahUni vizeSaNAni | tatrApi prathamodAharaNe sarvANi vizeSaNAnyekAbhiprAyagarbhANi padArtharUpANi ca dvitIyodAharaNe bhinnAbhiprAyagarbhANi vAkyArtharUpANi ceti bhedH| eteSu vyaGga-thArthasadbhAve'pi na dhvnivypdeshH| zivasya tApaharaNe, manmathasya kaimutikanyAyena ___ yahA~ zarIra ke sAtha jina vizeSaNoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, ve saba sAbhiprAya haiM, kyoMki unase zarIra kI tucchatA (heyatva) tathA arakSaNIyatA kI pratIti hotI hai| athavA jaise koI kavi rAjA se kaha rahA hai, he deva, batAo to sahI maiM Apake guNasamUha kA varNana karane meM kaise samartha ho sakatA hU~-maine na to eka veda ko aneka zAkhA meM vistArita hI kiyA ha ( maiM vedavyAsa nahIM hU~), na maiM vAlmIki se hI janmA hU~, (maiM vAlmIki bhI nahIM hU~), maiM viSNu kI nAbhi se paidA nahIM huA hU~ (maiM brahmA nahIM hU~), na maiMne mahAbhASya kI hI racanA kI hai (maiM maharSi pataJjali yA bhagavAn zeSa bhI nahIM hU~), meMne suMdara arthoM vAlI bRhatkathA bhI nahIM kahI hai (maiM guNADhya yA ziva nahIM hU~ ), aura na maiM devarAja indra kA guru hI rahA hU~ ( meM bRhaspati bhI nahIM huuN)| 'yahA~ zrutigaNaM vyAstham' ityAdi vizeSaNoM ke dvArA vedavyAsa Adi tattat vyakti ke asAdhAraNa kArya ko batAkara unake kartRtva kA apane lie niSedha karane se 'nAhaM vyAsaH' ( meM vyAsa nahIM hU~ ) ityAdi tattat abhiprAya kI pratIti hotI hai| prathama do udAharaNoM se vAda ke do udAharaNoM kA yaha bheda hai ki vahAM eka eka hI sAbhiprAya vizepaNa pAyA jAtA hai, jaba ki ina do ('sarvAzuci' tathA 'vyAsthaM naikatayA') udAhaNoM meM aneka abhiprAyagarbha vizeSaNa prayukta huye haiN| ina pichale do udAharaNoM meM bhI paraspara yaha bheda hai ki prathama ('sarvAzuci' Adi) meM samasta vizeSaNa eka hI abhiprAya ke vyaMjaka haiM tathA padArtharUpa haiM, jaba ki dvitIya ('vyAstham' ityAdi) meM sabhI vizeSaNa alaga alaga abhiprAya se garbhita haiM tathA vAkyArtharUpa haiM / yadyapi ina sthaloM meM vyaMgyArtha kI pratIti hotI hai, tathApi ye dhvanikAvya ke udAharaNa nahIM hai, apitu yahA~ aparAMgaguNIbhUta vyaMgya hI hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki yahA~ vyaMgyArtha vAcya kA poSaka bana jAtA hai| ise spaSTa karane ke lie upayukta cAroM udAharaNI meM tattat vyaMgyAthai tattat vAcyArtha kA upaskAraka kaise bana gayA hai, ise batAte haiN| 'sudhAMzukalito0' ityAdi padyArdha meM ziva tApaharaNa rUpa vAcyArtha ke upaskAraka haiM, isI taraha 'tava prasAdAt' meM kAmadeva kaimutikanyAya se samasta dhanurdhAriyoM ke bhaMjakatva rUpa

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parikarAlaGkAraH - sarvadhanvidhairyabhaJjakatve zarIrasaMrakSaNArtha pApamAcaratAM mUDhatve, svasya varNanIyarAjaguNakathanAzaktatve ca vAcya evopaskArakatvAt / ata eva vyaGgayArthasya vAcyaparikaratvAt parikara iti nAmAsyAlaGkArasya / kecitta-niSprayojanavizeSagopAdAne'puSTArthatvadoSatayoktatvAt saprayojanatvaM vizeSaNasya doSAbhAvamAtraM na kazcidalaGkAraH / ekaniSThAtAdRzAnekavizeSaNopanyAse paraM vaicitryavizeSAtparikara ityalaGkAramadhye parigaNita ityAhuH / vastutastvanekavizeSaNopanyAsa eva parikara iti na niyamaH / zleSayamakAdiSvapuSTArthadoSAbhAvena tatraikasyApi vizeSaNasya sAbhiprAyasya vinyAse vicchittivizeSasadbhAvAt parikaratvopapatteH / yathA vA atiyajeta nijAM yadi devatAmubhayatazcyavate juSate'pyagham | kSitibhRtaiva sadaivatakA vayaM vanavatA'navatA kimahidahA / / vAcyArtha ke, zarIra kI rakSA ke lie pApa karate loga mUrkhatvarUpa vAcyArtha ke tathA kavi rAjA ke guNa kahane meM azaktatvarUpa vAcyArtha ke upaskAraka ho gaye haiN| (bhAva yaha hai, tattat vizeSya jisake lie sAbhiprAya vizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, svayaM vAcyArtha ke upaskAraka hone ke kAraNa tattat vizeSaNa tathA unase vyaMjita vyaMgyAtha bhI usake aMga (upaskAraka) bana jAte haiN|) isalie isa alaMkAra kA nAma parikara hai, kyoMki yahA~ vyaMgyArtha vAcyArtha kA parikara (poSaka) pAyA jAtA hai| kucha vidvAn ise alaga se alaMkAra nahIM mAnate, unakA kahanA hai ki kAvya meM niSprayojana vizeSaNa kA prayoga to honA hI nahIM cAhie, kyoMki niSprayojana vizeSaNa hone para vahA~ apuSTArthatva doSa hogA, ataH saprayojana (sAbhiprAya) vizeSaNa kA honA alaMkAra na hokara doSAbhAvamAtra hai| yadi parikara kahIM hogA to vahIM ho sakatA hai, jahA~ eka hI vizeSya ke lie aneka sAbhiprAya vizeSaNoM kA prayoga ho, kyoMki aise prayoga meM vizeSa cArutA pAI jAtI hai| isalie aneka sAbhiprAya vizeSaNoM ke eka hI vizeSya ke lie kie gaye prayoga ko hI alaMkAroM meM ginA gayA hai| granthakAra ko yaha mata abhimata nhiiN| ve kahate haiM ki aisA koI niyama nahIM hai ki aneka sAbhiprAya vizeSaNoM ke prayoga meM hI parikara mAnA jAya / hama dekhate haiM ki zleSa, yamaka Adi meM apuSTArthadoSa ke abhAva ke kAraNa jahA~ eka bhI vizeSaNa kA sAbhiprAya prayoga ho, vahA~ camatkAravizeSa ke kAraNa parikaratva kI upapatti hotI hai| TippaNI-jagannAtha paMDitarAja ukta pUrvapakSa ko mAnate haiN| ve parikara meM aneka vizeSaNoM kA sAbhiprAyatva honA Avazyaka mAnate haiN| isakA saMketa unakI nimna paribhASA meM 'vizeSaNAnAm' pada kA bahuvacana hai| 'vizeSaNAnAM sAbhiprAyatvaM pripaakrH| ( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 517) sAtha hI ye dIkSita ke isa mata kA bhI khaNDana karate hai ki jahA~ ileSa-yamakAdi ke kAraNa eka sAbhiprAya vizeSaNa bhI pAyA jAtA ho, vahA~ parikara mAnanA hI hogA / (de0 vahI pR0 519.521 ) jaise nimna padya meM__kRSNa nandAdi gopoM se kaha rahe haiM :-'jo vyakti apane nijI devatA ko chor3akara anya devatA kI pUjA karatA hai, vaha donoM lokoM se patita hotA hai tathA pApa kA bhAgI

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66 kuvalayAnandaH mmmmmmmmm. puruhUtapUjayuktAnnandAdInprati bhagavataH kRSNasya vAkye 'govardhanagirireva cAsmAkaM rakSakatvena daivatamiti sa eva pUjanIyaH, na tvarakSakaH puruhUta: ' ityevaM param, vanavateti govardhanagirervizeSaNaM, kAnanavattvAnnirjharAdimattvAcca puSpamUla phalatRNa jalAdibhirAraNyakAnAmasmAkamasmaddhanAnAM gavAM cAyameva rakSaka ityabhiprAyagarbham / evamatra sAbhiprAyaikavizeSaNavinyAsasyApi vicchittivizeSavazAdasya sAbhiprAyasyAlaGkAratvasiddhAvanyatrApi 'sudhAMzukalitottaMsa' ityAdau tasyAtmalAbho na nivAryate / api ca ekapadArthahetukaM kAvyaliGgamalaGkAra iti sarvasaMmataM, tadvadekasyApi vizeSaNasya sAbhiprAyasyAlaGkAratvaM yuktameva / / 62 / 25 parikarAGkurAlaGkAraH sAbhiprAye vizeSye tu bhavet parikarAGaGkaraH / caturNAM puruSArthAnAM dAtA devazcatubhujaH // 63 // banatA hai / hama loga to vana se yukta govardhana parvata ke kAraNa hI sadaivata haiM ( yahI hamArA devatA hai ); hameM apanI rakSA na karane vAle ( anavatA - arakSaka ) indra se kyA matalaba ? yaha indrapUjA meM saMlagna nandAdi ke prati kRSNa kI ukti hai / yahA~ vAcyArtha yaha hai ki 'govardhana parvata hI rakSaka hone ke kAraNa hamArA devatA hai, ataH vahI pUjanIya hai, na ki arakSaka indra' / yahAM 'vanavatA' vaha pada govardhana parvata ( kSitibhRtA ) kA vizeSaNa hai / isa pada se yaha abhiprAya vyaMjita hotA hai ki vanamAlA tathA nirjharoM vAlA hone ke kAraNa yahI hama vanavAsiyoM tathA hamAre dhana, gAryo, ko puSpa, mUla, phala, tRNa, jala Adi se rakSA karatA hai / hama dekhate haiM ki yahA~ eka hI sAbhiprAya vizeSaNa kA vinyAsa pAyA jAtA hai, kiMtu vaha bhI vizeSa camatkArajanaka hai, ataH isa sAbhiprAya vizeSaNa kA alaMkAratva siddha ho hI jAtA hai| itanA hone para anyatra bhI eka sAbhiprAya vizeSaNa hone para 'sudhAMzukalito saMsaH' Adi sthaloM meM parikaratva kA nivAraNa nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| sAtha hI eka dalIla yaha bhI dI jA sakatI hai ki jaba sabhI vidvAn ekapadArthahetuka kAvyaliMga ko alaMkAra mAnate haiM, to usI taraha kevala eka hI vizeSaNa ke sAbhiprAya hone para bhI alaMkArasva mAnanA ucita hI hogA / TippaNI - ekapadArthahetuka kAvyaliMga nimna padya meM hai| isakI vyAkhyA kAvyaliMga ke prakaraNa meM dekheM: bhasmodhUna bhadramastu bhavate rudrAkSamAle zubhaM, hA sopAnaparampare girisutAkAntAlayAlaMkRte / adyArAdhanatoSitena vibhunA yuSmatsaparyA sukhA lokocchedini mokSanAmani mahAmohe nilIyAmahe // 25. parikarAMkura alaMkAra 63 - jahA~ vizeSya kA prayoga sAbhiprAya ho, vahA~ parikarAMkura alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, bhagavAn caturbhuja cAroM puruSArthoM (dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa ) ke dene vAle haiM / TippaNI- prakRtArthopapAdakArthavyaJjakavizeSyatvaM parikarAGkuralakSaNam /

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zleSAlahAraH - atra 'caturbhuja' iti vizeSyaM puruSArthacatuSTayadAnasAmobhiprAyagarbham / yathA vA phaNIndraste guvAnvaktuM, likhituM haihyaadhipH| draSTumAkhaNDalaH zaktaH, kAhameSa. ka te guNAH ? // 'phaNIndraH' ityAdivizeSyapadAni sahasravadanAdyabhiprAyagarbhANi // 63 // 26 zleSAlaGkAraH nAnAthasaMzrayaH zleSo vrssyaavryobhyaashritH| sarvado mAdhavaH pAyAt sa yogaM gAmadIdharat // 64 // abjena tvanmukhaM tulyaM hrinnaahitsktinaa| yahA~ kadhi ke dvArA prayukta 'caturbhujaH' vizeSya isa abhiprAya se garbhita hai ki viSNu cAra hAtha vAle hone ke kAraNa cAroM puruSArthoM ko dene meM samartha haiN| athavA jaise koI kavi kisI rAjA se kaha rahA hai-he rAjan , tumhAre guNoM kA varNana karane meM (sahastrajihna) zeSa hI samartha haiM, unako likhane meM (sahasrabhuja) kArtavIryArjuna tathA dekhane meM (sahasranetra) indra samartha haiN| kahA~ tuccha maiM aura kahA~ tumhAre itane asaMkhya guNa ? yahA~ 'phaNIndra' 'haihayAdhipa' tathA 'AkhaNDala' zabda sahasravadanatva, sahasrabAhutva tathA sahasranetratva kI pratIti karAte haiM / ataH yahA~ tattat vizeSya kA sAbhiprAya prayoga hai| isa udAharaNa meM pahale vAle udAharaNa se yaha bheda hai ki vahA~ eka hI sAbhiprAya vizeSya kA vinyAsa hai, yahA~ aneka sAbhiprAya vizeSyoM kaa| 26. zleSa alaGkAra 64-jahA~ varNya, avarNya yA vayA'vayaM aneka arthoM se saMbaddha nAnArthaka zabdoM kA prayoga ho, vahA~ zleSa alakAra hotA hai| (yaha tIna prakAra kA hotA hai :-1-varyAnekaviSaya, 2-avAnekaviSaya, 3-vAvAnekaviSaya-inhIM ke kramazaH udAharaNa haiN|) (1)samasta vastuoM ke denevAle mAdhava, tumhArI rakSA kareM jinhoMne govardhana parvata tathA pRthvI ko dhAraNa kiyaa| (viSNupakSa) umA (pArvatI) ke pati ziva sadA tumhArI rakSA kareM, jinhoMne gaMgA ko (zira para) dhAraNa kiyaa|(shivpaa) TippaNI-isI taraha kA prakRtazleSa isa padya meM hai : yena dhvastamanobhavena balijiskAyaH purastrIkRto, basovRttabhujaMgahAravalayo gaMgAM ca yo'dhArayat / yasyAhuH zazimacchirohara iti stutyaM ca nAmAmarAH, pAvAsa svayamandhakakSayakarastvAM sarvado mAdhavaH // (2) he sundari, tumhArA mukha usa kamala (abja) ke samAna hai, jisane sUrya se prema kara rakkhA hai|(kmlpn) he sundari, tumhArA mukha usa candramA (abja) ke samAna hai, jisane ( kalArUpa meM sthita) hariNa se Asakti kara rakkhI hai| (candrapakSa) 7 kuva0

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hana kuvalayAnandaH uccaradbharikIlAlaH zuzubhe vAhinIpatiH // 65 // anekArthazabdavinyAsaH shlessH| sa ca trividhaH-prakRtAnekaviSayaH, aprakRtAnekaviSayaH, prakRtAprakRtAnekaviSayazca / 'sarvadA' ityAdikrameNodAharaNAni | tatra 'sarSadomAdhava, iti stotavyatvena prakRtayorhariharayoH kIrtanaM prakRtazleSaH / abja kamalam , abjazcandraH, tayorupamAnamAtratvenAprakRtayoH kiirtnmprkRtshlessH| vAhinIpatiH senApatiHsamudrazca / tatra samitau zastraprahArotpatadrudhirasya senApatereva varNanaM prakRtamiti prakRtAprakRtazleSaH / yathA vA trAtaH kAkodaro yena drogdhApi krunnaatmnaa| pUtanAmAraNakhyAtaH sa me'stu zaraNaM prbhuH|| nItAnAmAkulIbhAvaM lubdhaibhUrizilImukhaiH / sadRze vanavRddhAnAM kamalAnAM tvadIkSaNe // (3) vaha senApati, jisakA rudhira zastrapAta ke kAraNa nikala rahA thA, suzobhita ho rahA thaa| (senApatipakSa) vaha samudra, jisakA jala uphana rahA thA, suzobhita ho rahA thaa| (samudrapakSa) jahA~ anekArtha zabdoM kA vinyAsa ho, vahA~ zleSa hotA hai| yaha tIna prakAra kA hotA hai-aneka prakRtapadArthaviSayaka, anekAprakRtapadArthaviSayaka tathA aneka prakRtAprakRtapadArthaviSayaka / 'sarvadA' ityAdi tIna zlokAoM ke dvArA kramazaH eka-eka kA udAharaNa diyA gayA hai / prathama udAharaNa meM 'sarvado mAdhavaH' ityAdi ke dvArA stutiyogya prakRta (prastuta) viSNu tathA ziva donoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, ataH yahA~ donoM ke prakRta hone ke kAraNa prakRtazleSa hai| dUsare udAharaNa meM abja kA eka artha hai kamala, abja kA dUsarA artha hai candramA, ye donoM sundarI ke mukha ke upamAna haiM, ataH yahA~ donoM aprakRtoM kA varNana pAyA jAtA hai| yahA~ aprakRtazleSa pAyA jAtA hai| tIsare udAharaNa meM vAhinIpati kA artha senApati tathA samudra donoM hai / yahA~ yuddhasthala meM zastrapAta se nikalate rudhira vAle senApati kA hI varNana prastuta hai; ataH prakRtAprakRtazleSa hai| athavA jaise: (1) prakRtazleSa kA udAharaNa jina karuNAmA rAmacandra ne drohakartA bhayazUnya kauve (jayanta) kI bhI rakSA kI, jo pavitranAma vAle tathA yuddhakauzala meM prasiddha haiM, ve rAma mere zaraNa bneN| (rAma pakSa) jina karuNAtmA kRSNa ne drohakartA sarpa (kAliya) kI bhI rakSA kI tathA jo pUtanA ke mArane ke lie prasiddha haiM, ve kRSNa mere zaraNa baneM / (kRSNapakSa) (2) aprakRtazleSa kA udAharaNa he sundari, tumhAre donoM netra una kamaloM ke samAna haiM, jo madhu ke lobhI bhauMroM ke dvArA gyApta haiM tathA jala meM vRddhi ko prApta hue haiM / (kamalapakSa) - he sundari, tumhAre donoM netra una harigoM (kamala-eka vizeSa jAti kA hariNa)

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zleSAlaGkAraH ra asAvudayamArUDhaH kAntimAna raktamaNDalaH / rAjA harati lokasya hRdayaM mRdulaiH karaiH / / iti / tatrAdye stotavyatvena prakRtayo rAma-kRSNayoH zleSaH / dvitIye upamAnatvenA. prakRtayoH padma-hariNayoH zleSaH / tRtIye 'rAjA harati lokasya' iti candravarNanaprastAve pratyagroditacandrasyAprakRtasya navAbhiSiktasya nRpateH shlessH| yadatra prakRtAprakRtazleSodAharaNe zabdazaktimUladhvanimicchanti prAzcaH, tatprakRtAbhidhAnamUlakasyopamAderalaGkArasya vyaGga-yatvAbhiprAyam, natvaprakRtArthasyaiva vyaGgayatvAbhiprAyam / aprakRtArthasyApi zabdazaktyA pratipAdyasyAbhidheyatvAva. zyaMbhAvena vyaktyanapekSaNAt / yadyapi prakRtArthe prakaraNabalAjjhaTiti buddhisthe satyeva pazcAnnRpatitagrAhyadhanAMdivAcinAM rAjakarAdipadAnAmanyonyasaMnidhAna ke samAna haiM, jo vyAdhoM ke dvArA vANoM se vyAkula banA diye gaye haiM tathA vana meM vRddhi ko prApta hue haiM / (hariNapakSa) (3) prakRtAprakRtazleSa kA udAharaNa unnatizIla sundara rAjA, jisane samasta deza ko anurakta kara rakkhA hai, thor3e kara kA grahaNa karane ke kAraNa prajA ke hRdaya ko AkRSTa karatA hai / (rAjapakSa) udayAcala para sthita lAla raMga vAlA sundara candramA komala kiraNoM se logoM ke hRdaya ko AkRSTa kara rahA hai / (candrapakSa) . ina uparyukta udAharaNoM meM prathama udAharaNa meM rAma tathA kRSNa donoM kI stuti abhISTa hai, ataH rAma kRSNa donoM prakRta hone ke kAraNa, prakRtazleSa pAyA jAtA hai| dvitIya udAharaNa meM kamala tathA hariNa donoM nAyikA ke netroM ke upamAna haiM, ve donoM aprakRta haiM, ataH yahA~ aprakRtazleSa hai| tIsare udAharaNa meM 'rAjA harati lokasya' ke dvArA candravarNana kavi ko abhISTa hai, ataH abhinava udita candramA (aprakRta) tathA navAbhiSika rAjA (prakRta) kA zleSa pAyA jAtA hai| prAcIna AlaMkArika aise sthaloM para jahA~ prakRta tathA aprakRta zleSa pAyA jAtA hai, (zleSa alaGkAra na mAnakara) zabdazaktimUlaka dhvani mAnate haiN| isakA ekamAtra abhiprAya yaha hai ki yahA~ prakRta tathA aprakRta pakSoM ke vAcyArtha se pratIta upamAdi alaGkAra vyaMgya hotA hai, ve zabdazaktimUladhvani kA vyapadeza isalie nahIM karate ki yahA~ aprakRta artha bhI vyaMgya (vyaJjanAgamya) hotA hai| aprakRta (candrapakSagata) artha ke bhI zabdazakti ke dvArA pratipAdya hone ke kAraNa usameM abhidheyatva (vAcyatva) avazya mAnanA hogA tathA usake lie vyaMjanA kI koI AvazyakatA nhiiN| yadi pUrvapakSI (prAcya AlaGkArika) yaha dalIla deM ki yahA~ prakRtArtha (rAjaviSayaka prAkaraNika artha) prakaraNa ke kAraNa ekadama prathama kSaNa meM hI buddhistha ho jAtA hai, jaba ki isake bAda nRpati (rAjA) tathA usake dvArA grAhya dhanAdi (kara Adi) prAkaraNika tattat arthoM ke vAcaka rAja, kara Adi padoM ke eka dUsare se anvita hone ke kAraNa usa usa artha ke dvArA anya kisI zakti ke vikasita hone para aprAkaraNika (candrapakSa vAle) artha kI sphUrti hotI hai (ataH vaha vyaMgya ho jAtA hai), to isa dalIla kA uttara yaha hai ki itane bhara se aprAkaraNika artha vyaMgya nahIM ho jaataa| kyoMki jahA~ abhidhAzakti se

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100 kuvalayAnandaH www. balAttattadviSayazaktyantaronmeSapUrvakamaprastutArthaH sphuret / na caitAvatA tasya vyaGgyatvam ; zaktyA pratipAdyamAne sarvathaiva vyaktyanapekSaNAt / paryavasite prakRtArthAbhidhAne pazcAtsphuratIti cet, - kAmaM gUDhazleSo bhavatu | kisI artha kI pratIti ho sakatI hai, vahA~ vyaMjanA kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM ha / yadi pUrvapatI punaH yaha dalIla de ki yahA~ aprAkaraNika artha kI pratIti prAkaraNika artha ke sAtha hI nahIM ho rahI hai, api tu vaha prAkaraNika artha kI pratIti ke samApta hone para pratIta hotA hai, (bhataH abhidhA zakti yA zleSa kaise mAnA jAya ), to isakA uttara yaha diyA jA sakatA hai ki yahA~ zleSa hI hai, hA~ vaha gUDhazleSa hai, isIlie dUsare ( aprAkaraNika ) artha kI pratIti jhaTiti nahIM ho pAtI / TippaNI- AlaMkArikoM meM prakRtAprakRtazleSa vAle prakaraNa ko lekara aneka vAda-vivAda hue haiM / ina saba kI jar3a mammaTAcArya kA vaha vacana hai, jahA~ ve zabdazaktimUladhvani meM aprakRtArtha ko vyaMgya mAnate haiM / mammaTa ke mata se abhidhAzakti ke dvArA kevala prakRta artha ( jaise 'asAvudayamArUDhaH ' rAjA bAlA artha ) hI pratIta hotA hai, tadanantara abhidhAzakti ke prakRta artha meM niyantrita hone se vyaJjanA ke dvArA aprakRta artha ( candramA vAlA artha ) pratIta hotA hai / ataH candrapakSa vAlA artha bhI vyaMgya hai, sAtha hI usase pratIta upamA alaMkAra ( upamAnopameyabhAva ) bhii| mammaTa ke mata se zabdazaktimUladhvani kA lakSaNa yoM hai: : anekArthasya zabdasya vAcakatve niyantrite / saMyogAdyairavAcyArthadhIkRdvayAvRtiraJjanam // ( kAvyaprakAza 2, 19 ) yahA~ 'avAcyArthadhIkRdvyApRtiraJjanam' se spaSTa hai ki mammaTa ko aprakRtArtha kA vyaMgyava abhISTa hai / mammaTa ke dvArA udAhRta isa padya meM : bhadrAtmano duradhirohatanovizAlavaMzonnateH kRtazilImukha saMgrahasya / yasyAnupaplutagateH paravAraNasya dAnAmbusekasubhagaH satataM karo'bhUt // rAjapakSa prakRta hai, hastipakSa aprakRta / mammaTa ke mata meM hastipakSa vAlA artha tathA hastirAjopamAnopameyabhAva donoM vyaMgya hai| isIlie govinda Thakkura ne pradIpa meM spaSTa likhA hai ki gajavAlA artha vyaJjanA se hI pratIta hotA hai : - ' atra prakaraNena 'bhadrAtmana' ityAdipadAnAM rAjJi tadanvayAyogye cArthe'bhidhA niyantraNe'pi gajasya tadanvayayogyasya cArthasya vyaJjanayaiva pratItiH / (pradIpa pR0 69 ) govinda Thakkura ne yahIM zabdazaktimUladhvani kA ( artha - ) ileSa se kyA bheda hai, ise bhI spaSTa kiyA hai| ve batAte haiM ki isakA samAveza arthazleSa meM nahIM ho sakatA ( arthAt donoM arthoM kI pratIti abhidhAvRtti se hI nahIM ho sakatI ), jahA~ kavi kA tAtparya donoM arthoM meM ho arthAt donoM artha prakRta hoM, jahA~ kavi kA tAtparya eka hI artha meM ho, aura vahA~ viziSTa sAmagrI ke kAraNa ( aprakRta ) dvitIyArtha kI pratIti bhI hotI ho to vaha vyanjanA ke hI kAraNa hotI hai / kyoMki arthazleSa vahIM hogA nanUpamAnopameyabhAvakalpanAcchandazleSato bhede'pi 'yo'sakRtparagotrANAM' ityAdyarthazleSataH kuto'sya bhedaH / arthazleSe cobhayatra zaktireva na vyaJjaneti ceducyate / yatro bhayorarthayostAtparyaM sa zleSaH / yatra svekasminneva tat, sAmagrImahimnA tu dvitIyArthapratItiH sA vyaJjaneti / ( pradIpa pR0 69-70 ) jaisA ki hama Upara dekhate haiM appayadIkSita ko yaha mata mAnya nahIM / ve prakRtA prakRtArthadvaya pratIti meM bhI dhvanitva nahIM mAnate, api tu alaMkAratva hI mAnate haiM / unake anusAra donoM artha

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zleSAlabAraH zakti ( abhidhA ) se hI pratIta hote haiM, kyoMki tattat zliSTa padArthoM kA aprakRtArtha meM bhI saMketa pAyA jAtA hai, sAtha hI aprakRtArtha meM saMketapratIti na ho aisA koI prativandhaka bhI nahIM hai| use dhvani kevala upacArataH kahA jAtA hai, isalie ki prakRta ( upameya) tathA aprakRta ( upamAna) kA upamAnopameyabhAva tathA upamAdi alaMkAra vyaJjanAgamya hotA hai, ataH appayadIkSita ke mata meM prakRta tathA aprakRta artha donoM vAcya haiM, upamAdi alaMkAra vyaMgya / appayadIkSita tathA mammaTa kI saraNiyoM ke bheda ko yoM spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai| mammaTa kA mata :zliSTa zabda ( abhidhA) prakRta artha (vyajanA) aprakRta artha tathA alaMkAra dIkSita kA mata :zliSTa zabda ( abhidhA) prakRta artha (amiSA) aprakRta artha (vyajanA) alaMkAra isa viSaya kA vAda-vivAda mammaTa se bhI prAcIna hai| AcArya abhinavagupta ne hI locana meM isa saMbandha meM cAra mata diye haiM / 'atrAntare kusumasamayayugamupasaMharannajambhata prISmAbhidhAnaH phullamallikAdhavalATTahAso mahAkAlaH' isa udAharaNa ko Anandavardhana ne zabdazaktimUladhvani ke sambandha meM udAhRta kiyA hai / vahA~ Anandavardhana spaSTa kahate haiM ki jahA~ sAmagrI mahimA ke sAmarthya se kisI alaMkAra kI vyaJjanA ho vahA~ dhvani hogii| 'yatra tu sAmAkSiptaM sadalaGkArAntaraM zabdazaktyA prakAzate sa sarva eva dhvnevissyH|' (dhvanyAloka pR0 241) aisA pratIta hotA hai ki Anandavardhana ko alaMkAra kA hI vyaMgyatva abhISTa hai, aprakRtArtha kA nahIM / abhinavagupta ne isI prasaMga meM locana meM cAra mata diye haiN| (1) prathama mata ke anusAra jina logoM ne ina zabdoM kA zliSTa prayoga dekhA hai, unako prakRtArtha kI pratIti abhidhA se hotI hai, taba amidhAzakti ke niyantrita ho jAne para, aprakRta artha kI pratIti vyaJjanA se hotI hai| (2) dvitIya mata ke anusAra dUsare ( aprakRta) artha kI pratIti bhI amiSA se hotI hai, kintu vaha abhidhA mahAkAla ke sAdRzyAtmaka artha ko sAtha lekara AtI hai, ataH use nyajanArUpA kahA jAtA hai ( vastutaH vaha hai abhidhA hI, arthAt aprakRta vAcya hI hai)| (3) isa mata meM bhI dvitIya artha kI upasthApaka hai to amiSA hI, kintu usa artha ko upacAra se vyaMgyArtha mAnakara usa vRtti ko bhI vyaJjanA mAna lete haiN| (4) yaha mata dUsare artha kI pratIti abhidhA se hI mAnatA hai, vaha nyAnA ko kevala alaMkArAMza kA sAdhana mAnatA hai| (kahanA na hogA dIkSita ko yaha mata sammata hai|) abhinavagupta ko ye cAroM mata pasanda nhiiN| unakA svayaM kA mata spaSTataH nirdiSTa nahIM hai, phira bhI ve aprAkaraNika artha ko bhI vyaJjanAgamya mAnate jAna par3ate haiM, jisakA spaSTa nirdeza sarvaprathama mammaTa meM milatA hai| rasagaMgAdharakAra paNDitarAja ne bhI isakA vizada vivecana karate hue apane naye mata kA upanyAsa kiyA hai, unake mata se aprakaraNika artha prAyaH abhidhAgamya hI hotA hai, kintu aise sthala bhI hote haiM, jahA~ ve prAcya dhvanivAdI ke mata se santuSTa haiM ( arthAt jahA~ ve aprAkaraNika artha ko vyaMgya mAnate haiN)| paNDitarAja ke mata se yogarUDha athavA gaugikarUDha zabdoM kA nAnArthasthala meM prayoga hone para aprAkaraNika artha kI pratIti meM vyajanAvyApAra hI hotA hai| evamapi yogarUDhisthale vijJAnena yogApaharaNasya sakalatantrasiddhayA svapanadhikaraNasya yogArthAliMgitasyArthotarasya vyakti vinA pratItirdurupapAdA' (rasagaMgAdhara pR0 144)

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102 kuvalayAnandaH asti cAnyatrApi gUDhaH zleSaH / yathA ( mAgha 0 4 / 29 ) - www.m ayamatijaraThAH prakAmagurbIralaghu vilambi payodharoparuddhAH / satatamasumatAmagamyarUpAH pariNata dikkarikA staTIbibharti | mandamagnimadhuraryamopalA darzitazvayathu cAbhavattamaH / dRSTayastimirajaM siSevire doSamoSadhipaterasaMnidhau // paNDitarAja ne isI saMbandha meM eka prAcIna pramANa bhI diyA hai| yogarUDhasya zabdasya yoge rUDhayA niyantrite / dhiyaM yogaspRzo'rthasya yA sUte vyaJjanaiva sA // ( vahI pR0 147 ) isa prakAra ke yogarUDhisthala kA udAharaNa yaha hai : - raarti zriyaM hRtvA vArivAhaiH sahAnizam / tiSThanti capalA yatra sa kAlaH samupasthitaH // isI AdhAra para paNDitarAja ne appaya dIkSita ke prAkaraNika aprAkaraNika donoM arthoM ko vAcya mAnane kA khaNDana kiyA hai| isa sambandha meM paNDitarAja isI mata kA saMketa karate haiM / 'vayaM tu brUmaH - anekAryasthale prakRtAbhidhAne zakteruktisaMbhavo'pyasti / yogarUDhisthale tu sApi dUrApAstA / ' ( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 534 ) (de0 rasagaMgAdhara pR0 531 - 536 ) eka aisA bhI mata hai, jo aise rilaSTa sthaloM para aprAkaraNika artha kI pratIti kA hI niSedha karatA hai / yaha mata mahimabhaTTa kA hai / ve aise sthaloM para aprAkaraNika artha kI pratIti mAnanA to dUra rahA 'vAcyasyAvacanaM doSa:' mAnate haiN| 'atra hyAvRttinibandhanaM na kiJciduktamiti tasya vAcyasyAvacanaM doSa:' ( de0 vyaktiviveka pR0 99 ) isa prasaMga ke vizeSa jJAna ke lie dekhie DA0 bholAzaMkara vyAsaH 'dhvani saMpradAya aura usake siddhAnta' ( prathama bhAga ) paMcama pariccheda ( pR0 192 - 222 ) gUDhazleSa kA prayoga kevala yahIM ( 'asAvudaya' ityAdi meM ) nahIM hai anyatra bhI pAyA jAtA hai, jaise nimna padya meM : mAgha ke caturtha sarga se raivataka parvata kA varNana hai : isa raivataka parvata para anekoM aisI talahaTiyA~ haiM, jo atyanta kaThora, vizAla evaM lamba meghoM ke dvArA avaruddha haiM, jina para diggaja apane dA~toM se Ter3hA prahAra karate rahate haiM tathA jo prANiyoM ke lie agamya haiM / ( taTIpakSa ) yahA~ aisI anekoM vRddhAe~ haiM, jo atyadhika vRddhA tathA sthUlakAya haiM, jinake stana laTaka gaye haiM, tathA jinake dazanakSata aura nakhakSata prakaTa ho rahe haiM, aura jo yuvakoM kI suratakrIDA ke ayogya haiM / ( vRddhApakSa ) ( yahA~ zleSa alaGkAra nahIM hai, apitu samAsokti alaGkAra hai, kyoMki prakRta 'tI' para aprakRta 'vRddhA strI' kA vyavahArasamAropa pAyA jAtA hai| isa udAharaNa ko dIkSita ne gUDhazleSa ke prasaMga meM isalie diyA hai, ki yahA~ prakRta ke lie tattat prayukta vizeSaNa liSTa haiM tathA unakI mahimA se aprakRta artha kA vyavahArasamAropa vyakta hotA hai / gUDhazleSa kA eka aura udAharaNa dete haiN| ) oSadhipati candramA ke abhAva meM sUryakAntamaNiyoM ne apanI agni ko manda banA

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zleSAlaGkAraH / atra hi samAsoktyudAharaNayoH prAkaraNike'rthe prakaraNavazAt jhaTiti buddhisthe vizeSaNasAmyAdaprakRto'pi vRddhavezyAvRttAntAdiH pratIyate / tatra samAsoktiramaGgazleSa iti sarveSAmabhimatameva / evamanyatrApi gUDhazleSe dhvanibuddhirna kaaryaa| yathA vA (mAgha0 3 / 53) ramyA iti prAptavatIH patAkA rAga vivikA iti vardhayantIH / yasyAmasevanta namavalIkAH samaM vadhUbhirvalabhIryuvAnaH / / atra dvitIyAntavizeSaNasamarpitArthAntarANAM na zabdasAmarthena vadhUbhiranvayaH, vibhaktibhedAt / na ca vibhaktibhede'pi tadanvayAkSepakaM sAdhayamiha nibaddhamasti / yata:'etasminnadhikapayaH zriyaM vahantyaH saMkSobhaM pavanabhuvA javena niitaaH| vAlmIkerahitarAmalakSmaNAnAM sAdhamya dadhati girI mahAsarasyaH / / (mAgha. 2059) diyA, andhakAra ne apanI puSTatA vyakta kI, tathA netroM ne andhakAra yukta doSa ko prApta . kiyaa| (candrapakSa) _vaidya (oSadhipati) ke abhAva meM sUryakAntamaNiyoM ko mandAgni roga ho gayA, aMdhere ko zotha A gayA aura dRSTi ko Andhya roga ho gyaa|(vaidhpkss) __ ye donoM samAsokti alaGkAra ke udAharaNa haiN| inameM prakaraNa ke kAraNa prAkaraNika artha (taTIgata tathA candragata artha)jhaTiti pratIta hotA hai, kintu samAna vizeSaNoM ke kAraNa aprakRta vRddhavezyAvRttAnta tathA vaidyavRttAnta kI bhI pratIti hotI hai| ina sthaloM para samAsokti tathA abhaMgazleSa kI sattA sabhI AlaGkArika mAnate haiN| (tataH aprAkaraNika artha kI pratIti meM aise sthaloM meM gUvazleSahI hogaa|) isI taraha anya sthaloM meM bhI gUDhazleSa meM dhvanitva nahIM mAnanA caahie| athavA jaise nimna patha meM__mAgha ke tRtIya sarga se dvArikAvarNana hai :-'jisa dvArikApurI meM yuvaka, ramya hone ke kAraNa saubhAgya ko prApta karatI, pavitra hone ke kAraNa anurAga ko bar3hAtI natatrivali vAlI sundariyoM ke sAtha, ramya hone ke kAraNa patAkAoM ko prApta karavI, janarahita hone ke kAraNa rati ko bar3hAtI, nIce chAjana vAlI valabhiyoM kA sevana karate the|' isa padya meM jina vizeSaNoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, ve saba dvitIyAnsa haiN| ataH ina vizeSaNoM se jina anya arthoM kI-vadhUpakSa vAle artha kI pratIti ho rahI hai, unakA zabda ke dvArA 'vadhUbhiH' pada (vizeSya) ke sAtha anvaya nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki yaha pada tRtIyAnta hai tathA donoM meM vibhaktibheda pAyA jAtA hai| sAtha hI isa patha meM kavi ne aise koI sAdharmya kA nibandhana nahIM kiyA hai, jo vibhaktibheda ke hone para bhI vizeSya ke sAtha vizeSaNoM ke arthAntara kA anvaya ghaTita kara de, jisase nimna patha kI bhAMti yahA~ bhI AziptazleSa mAna liyA jAya: (AkSiptazleSa kA udAharaNa nimna paca hai, jahA~ arthAntara kA vibhaktibheda hone para sAdharmya nibandhana ke kAraNa vizeSya ke sAtha anvaya ho jAtA hai|) mAgha ke caturtha sarga se raivataka parvata kA varNana hai:-isa raivataka parvata meM atyadhika

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kuvalayAnandaH ityatrevAkSiptazleSo bhavet / samamityetatta kriyAvizeSaNaM sahArthatvenApyupapannaM vadhUSu zliSTavizeSaNArthAnvayAtprAk drAgapratItaM sAmyAtha nAlambate / tasmAdarthasaundaryabalAdeva tadanvayAnusaMdhAnamiti gUDhaH zleSaH / tadanu tadvalAdeva 'sama'zabdasya sAdhArthakalpanamiti vAcyasyaivopamAlaGkArasyAGgamayaM zleSa ityalaM prapaJcena / tasmAtsiddhaM zleSatraividhyam / evaM ca zleSaH prakArAntareNApi dvividhaH saMpannaH / udAharaNagateSu 'abja-kIlAla-vAhinIpatyAdizabdeSu parasparavilakSaNaM pdbhnggmnpekssyaanekaarthkroddiikaaraadbhnggshlessH| 'sarvado mAdhavaH', 'yo gaGgA', 'hariNAhitasaktinA' ityAdizabdeSu parasparavilakSaNaM padabhaGgamapekSya nAnAthakoDIkArAt sabhaGgazleSa iti / tatra sabhaGgazleSaH shbdaalngkaarH| abhaGgazleSastvarthA jala kI zobhA ko dhAraNa karatI, pavana se utpanna vega ke kAraNa subdha tathA sArasoM se yukta lakSmaNA (sArasapakSiNI) vAlI bar3I talaiyA~; atyadhika bandaroMvAlI, zobhAyukta, hanumAn ke dvArA apane bala ke kAraNa subdha banAI huI tathA rAma aura lakSmaNa se yukta, vAlmIki kI bANI kI samAnatA ko dhAraNa karatI haiN| yadi koI yaha kahe ki 'ramyA iti' ityAdi padya meM 'sama' pada ke dvArA sAdharmyanibaMdhana pAyA jAtA hai, to yaha samAdhAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki 'sama' yahA~ kriyAvizeSaNa hai tathA 'saha' artha meM upapanna nahIM hotaa| striyoM ke sAtha zliSTa vizeSaNoM kA anvaya hone ke pUrva hameM ekadama sAdharmya kI pratIti nahIM ho pAtI, ataH 'sama' ke dvArA sAdharmya kI upapatti na hone ke kAraNa sAdharmyamUlaka AkSepa bhI nahIM ho sakatA, jisase yahA~ 'AkSiptazleSa' mAna liyA jAya / isalie vibhaktibheda ke dvArA prayukta zliSTavizeSoM kA anvaya zabdasAmarthya se nahIM hotA, apitu arthasauMdarya ke kAraNa 'ghadhUbhiH' ke sAtha unakA anvaya ghaTita hotA hai, ataH yahA~ gar3ha zleSa hai| tadanaMtara usI arthasauMdarya ke kAraNa 'samaM pada kA sAdharmya vAlA artha bhI kalpita kiyA jAtA hai-isa prakAra yaha zleSa vAcyarUpa upamA alaMkAra kA hI aMga bana jAtA hai| isa saMbaMdha meM adhika vivecana vyartha hai| isase spaSTa hai ki arthazleSa tIna taraha kA hotA hai| isa prakAra zleSa prakArAntara se bhI do taraha kA hotA hai:-abhaMgazleSa tathA sabhaMgazleSa / uparyukta udAharaNoM meM 'abja', 'kIlAla', 'vAhinIpati' Adi zabdoM meM donoM arthoM meM eka sI hI padasiddhi hotI hai, bhinna-bhinna prakAra kA padabhaMga nahIM pAyA jAtA, ataH padabhaMga ke binA hI aneka arthoM kA samAveza hone ke kAraNa yahA~ abhaMgazleSa hai| jaba ki 'sarvado mAdhavaH' (sarvado mAdhavaH, sarvadA upamAghadaH), yo gaMgAM (yo agaM gAM, yo gaMgAM) hariNAhitasaktinA (hariNA AhitasaktinA, hariNa AhitasaktinA) Adi zabdoM meM tattat pakSa meM arthapratIti ke lie paraspara bhinna padaccheda kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, ataH bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke padabhaMga ke dvArA anekArtha kA samAveza hone se yahA~ sabhaMgazleSa haiN| abhaMgazleSa tathA sabhaMgazleSa ke viSaya meM AlaMkArikoM meM alaga-alaga mata pAye jAte haiM / kucha AlaMkArika ( alaMkArasarvasvakAra ruyyaka Adi) sabhaMgazleSa ko zabdAlaMkAra mAnate haiM, abhaMgazleSa ko arthAlaMkAra / dUsare AlaMkArika (mammaTAdi) donoM ko hI zabdAlaMkAra mAnate haiM, (kyoMki zleSa meM jahA~ zabdaparivRtyasahatva hotA hai, vahA~ unheM zabdAlaMkAra mAnanA abhISTa hai, ataH ve zabdAlaMkAra zleSa tathA arthAlaMkAra zleSa kA yaha bheda mAnate haiM ki jahA~ zabdaparivRtti se

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aprastuta prazaMsAlaGkAraH 105 laGkAra iti kecit / ubhayamapi zabdAlaGkAra ityanye / ubhayamapyarthAlaGkAra iti svAbhiprAyaH / etadvivecanaM tu citramImAMsAyAM draSTavyam // 64-65 / / 27 aprastutaprazaMsAlaGkAraH aprastutaprazaMsA syAt sA yatra prastutAzrayA / ekaH kRtI zakunteSu yo'nyaM zakrAnna yAcate // 66 // camaskAra naSTa ho jAya vahA~ zabdazleSa hotA hai, jaba ki zabdaparivRtti se bhI camatkAra bane rahane para arthazleSa hotA hai / isa saMbaMdha meM eka bAta aura dhyAna meM rakhane kI yaha hai ki mammaTAdi ke mata se arthazleSa meM prakRtadvaya kI pratIti karAne vAlA vizeSya hai tathA vizeSaNa isa taraha ke hote haiM ki unakI parivRtti kara dene para bhI camatkAra banA rahatA hai| tathA unakA anekArthakasva lupta nahIM hotA, isI parivRttisahatva ke kAraNa use arthazleSa kahA jAtA hai ) / appayadIkSita ke mata meM donoM hI prakAra ke zleSa - abhaMgazleSa tathA sabhaMgazleSa- arthAlaMkAra haiN| isa viSaya kA vizeSa vivecana hamAre anya grantha citramImAMsA meM dekhA jA sakatA hai / TippaNI- eSa ca zabdArthobhayagatatvena vartamAnatvAstrividhaH / tatrodAttAdisvarabhedAsprayatnabhedAcca zabdAnyatve zabdazleSaH / yatra prAyeNa padabhaMgo bhavati / arthazleSastu yatra svarAdibhedo nAsti / ata eva na tatra sabhaMgapadatvam / saMkalanayA tUbhayazleSaH / ( alaMkAra sarvastra pR0 123 ) 1 mammaTa ne sabhaMgaileSa tathA abhaMgaileSa donoM ko zabdaileSa mAnA hai / ruyyaka ke mata kA khaMDana karate samaya ve batAte haiM :- 'dvAvapi zabdakasamAzrayau iti dvayorapi zabdazleSatvamupapannam / na svAdyasyArthazleSatvam / arthazleSasya tu sa viSayo yatra zabdaparivartane'pi na zleSatvakhaNDanA / ( kAvyaprakAza - navama ullAsa pR0 424 ) mammaTa ne arthazleSa vahIM mAnA hai, jahA~ zabdoM meM parivRttisahatva pAyA jAya, mammaTa ne ardhazleSa kA udAharaNa yoM diyA hai : : udayamayate diGmAlinyaM nirAkurutetarAM nayati nidhanaM nidrAmudrAM pravartayati kriyAH / racayatitarAM svairAcArapravartanakartanaM bata bata lasattejaHpuMjo vibhAti vibhAkaraH // isa padya meM vibhAkara nAmaka rAjA tathA sUrya donoM kI arthapratIti ho rahI hai / kAvyaprakAza kI pradIpaTIkA ke TIkAkAra nAgeza ne udyota meM isa viSaya para vicAra kiyA hai / ve spaSTa kahate haiM ki yahA~ 'vibhAkara' ( vizeSya ) zabda parivRttyasaha hai, tathA usa aMza meM zabdaleSa hai, kintu aneka vizeSaNavAcI padoM meM arthazleSa hone ke kAraNa yaha arthazleSa mAnA gayA hai| 'evaM ca tadaMze parivRtya sahatvena zabdazleSe'pyudayamityAdiSu bahuSvarthazleSAdudAharaNatvamityAha - udayamayata ityAdInIti / etena arthazleSe vizeSaNAnAmeva zliSTatvaM na tu vizeSyANAmapItyapAstam / kecittu 'vibhAkarapadaM zaktyA sUrya, nRpaM yogena bodhayatItyetadaMze'pyarthazleSaH parivRttisahatvAt' ityAhuH / yadi tvatra rAjA prakRto raviraprakRtastadA dvitIyArthasya zabdazaktimUladhvanireveti bahavaH / udyota ( kAvyaprakAza pR0 476 ) 27. aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra 66 - jahA~ aprastutavRttAnta ke varNana ke dvArA prastutavRttAnta kI vyaMjanA karAI jAya,

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106 kuvalayAnandaH In www yatrAprastutavRttAntavarNanaM prastutavRttAntAvagatiparyavasAyi tatrAprastutaprazaMsAlaGkAraH / aprastutavRttAntavarNanena prastutAvagatizca prastutAprastutayoH sambandhe sati bhavati / sambandhazca sArUpyaM sAmAnyavizeSabhAvaH kAryakAraNabhAvo vA sambhavati / tatra sAmAnyavizeSabhAve sAmAnyAd vizeSasya vizeSAdvA sAmAnyasyAvagatau dvaividhyam | kAryakAraNabhAve'pi kAryAtkAraNasya kAraNAdvA kAryasyAvagatau dvaividhyam | sArUpye tu eko bheda ityasyAH pazca prakArAH / yadAhu :'kArye nimitte sAmAnye vizeSe prastute sati / tadanyasya vacastulye tulyasyeti ca pacadhA // ' iti // tatra sArUpyanibandhanA'prastutaprazaMsodAharaNaM 'ekaH kRtI' iti / atrAprastutasya cAtakasya prazaMsA prazaMsanIyatvena prastute tatsarUpe kSudrebhyo yAcanAnnivRtte Fofo paryavasyati / vahA~ aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, pakSiyoM meM kevala eka cAtaka hI kRtArtha hai, jo indra ke atirikta anya kisI se yAcanA nahIM karatA / ( yahA~ cAtaka ke aprastutavRttAnta ke dvArA kSudra logoM se yAcanA na karane vAle abhimAnI yAcaka kA prastutavRttAnta vyaMjita ho rahA hai, ataH aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra hai / aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra meM vyaMgyArthapratIti hone para bhI dhvanitva nahIM hotA, kyoMki yahA~ prastuta vRttAntarUpa vyaMgyArtha aprastutavRttAntarUpa vAcyArtha kA hI poSaka hotA hai, ataH guNIbhUtavyaM yatva hI hotA hai / ) jahA~ aprastutavRttAntavarNana prastutavRttAnta kI vyaMjanA meM paryavasita hotA hai, vahA~ aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra hotA hai / aprastutavRttAnta ke varNana ke dvArA prastutavRttAnta kI pratIti tabhI ho pAtI hai, jaba ki prastuta tathA aprastuta meM kisI prakAra kA saMbaMdha ho / yaha saMbaMdha yA to sArUpyasaMbaMdha hotA hai, yA sAmAnyavizeSabhAva saMbaMdha, yA kAryakAraNabhAva saMbaMdha | isameM sAmAnyavizeSabhAva saMbaMdha hone para do prakAra hoMge, yA to sAmAnya ( aprastuta ) se vizeSa ( prastuta ) kI vyaMjanA ho, yA vizeSa ( aprastuta ) se sAmAnya ( prastuta ) kI vyaMjanA ho, isI taraha kAryakAraNabhAva saMbaMdha vAlI aprastutaprazaMsA meM bhI do prakAra hoMge, yA to kAryarUpa aprastuta se kAraNarUpa prastuta kI pratIti ho, yA kAraNarUpa aprastuta se kAryarUpa prastuta kI pratIti ho / sArUpya kevala eka hI prakAra kA hotA hai, isa prakAra apratustutaprazaMsA ke pA~ca prakAra hote haiN| jaisA ki kahA gayA hai| ( mammaTa ke kAvyaprakAza se aprastuta prazaMsA ke pA~coM bhedoM kA vivaraNa upasthita kiyA gayA hai / ) 'kArya, kAraNa, sAmAnya athavA vizeSa meM se kisI eka ke prastuta hone para usase bhinna kAraNa, kArya vizeSa athavA sAmAnya meM se kisI eka aprastuta ke vAcyarUpa meM varNita karane para athavA samAna dharma vAle ( tulya) prastuta ke hone para tulya aprastuta kA vAyarUpa meM kathana hone para aprastuta prazaMsA pA~ca taraha kI hotI hai / ' ina pA~ca bhedoM meM se sArUpyanibaMdhanA aprastutaprazaMsA kA udAharaNa 'ekaH kRtI' ityAdi padyArdha hai| isameM aprastuta cAtaka kA varNana ( prazaMsA ) kiyA gayA hai / yahA~ aprastuta cAtaka vRttAnta vAcya hai, vaha sArUpya ke kAraNa usake samAnarUpa vAle aise mAnI yAcaka ke vRttAnta kI vyaMjanA karAtA hai, jo tuccha vyaktiyoM se yAcanA nahIM karatA /

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aprastutaprazaMsAlaGkAraH 107 yathA vAAbaddhakRtrimasaTAjaTilAMsabhitti rAropito mRgapateH padavIM yadi zvA | mattebhakumbhataTapATanalampaTasya nAdaM kariSyati kathaM hariNAdhipasya // atra zunakasya nindA nindanIyatvena prastute tatsarUpe kRtrimaveSavyavahA. rAdimAtreNa vidvattA'bhinayavati vaidheye paryavasyati / yathA vA antazchidrANi bhUyAMsi kaNTakA bahavo bahiH / kathaM kamalanAlasya mA bhUvan bhaGgurA guNAH / / atra kamalanAlavRttAntakIrtanaM tatsarUpe bahiH khaleSu jAgratsu bhrAtRputrAdibhirantaHkalahaM kurvANe puruSe paryavasyati / evaM ca lakSyalakSaNayoH prazaMsAzabdaH stutinindAsvarUpAkhyAnasAdhAraNakIrtanamAtraparo draSTavyaH / sAmAnyanibandhanA yathA ( mAgha. 2 / 42) vidhAya vairaM sAmarSe naro'rau ya udaaste| prakSipyodarciSaM kakSe zerate te'bhimArutam / / - athavA jaise____'yadi kisI kutte ke kaMdhe para nakalI ayAla bA~dha kara use siMha ke pada para biThA diyA jAya, to vaha masta hAthI ke gaNDasthala ko vidIrNa karane meM catura mRgAdhipa (siMha) kA nAda kaise kara sakegA?' (yahA~ vAcya artha ke rUpa meM aprastuta zvavRttAnta pratIta ho rahA hai, isase sArUpya ke kAraNa prastutarUpa meM aise vyakti ke vRttAnta kI vyaMjanA ho rahI hai, jo svayaM mUrkha haiM, kiMtu nakalI sAdhanoM ke dvArA vidvAn ke yogya pada para AsIna ho gayA hai|) ___ yahA~ kutte kI nindA kI gaI hai| aprastuta ke niMdya hone ke kAraNa samAnarUpa vAle (tulya) prastuta-kRtrimaveSavyavahArAdi mAtra se vidvattA kA abhinaya karane vAle mUrkha-- sambandhI vRttAnta kI vyaMjanA pAI jAtI hai| athavA jaise isa kamalanAla ke andara anekoM chidra haiM, bAhara bahuta se kA~Te haiM, to usake reze (guNa) bhaMgura (TUTane vAle) kaise na ho ?? (yahA~ kamalanAlavRttAnta aprastuta hai, isake dvArA tulyarUpa aise puruSa ke vRttAnta kI vyaJjanA ho rahI hai, jisake ghara ke andara doSa hoM aura bAhara duSTa usake pIche par3e hoN|) ___yahA~ kamalanAlavRttAnta vAcya hai| isa aprastuta vRttAnta ke dvArA usake samAna kisI aise puruSa ke vRttAnta kI pratIti ho rahI hai, jo bAhara duSToM ke hote hue apane bhAI-putra Adi se ghara meM kalaha karatA ho / lakSya (udAharaNa) tathA lakSaNa (paribhASA) meM prazaMsA zabda se stuti, niMdA yA svarUpAkhyAnarUpa kIrtanamAtra samajhA jAna ___sAmAnyanibandhanA aprastutaprazaMsA vahA~ hogI, jahA~ sAmAnya aprastuta ke dvArA vizeSa prastuta kI vyaMjanA ho|

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%0= atra prAgeva sAmarSe zizupAle rukmiNIharaNAdinA vairaM dRDhIkRtavatA kRSNena tasminnudAsitumayuktamiti vaktavye'rthe prastute tatpratyAyanArtha sAmAnyamabhihitam / yathA vA- kuvalayAnandaH sauhArda svarNa rekhANAmuccAvaca bhidAjuSAm / parokSamiti ko'pyasti parIkSAnikaSopalaH // atra 'yadi tvaM pratyakSa iva parokSe'pi mama hitamAcarasi, tadA tvamuttamaH suhRt' iti vizeSe vaktavyatvena prastute sAmAnyamabhihitam // vizeSanibandhanA yathA ( mAgha, 2 / 53 ) - aGkAdhiropitamRgazcandramA mRgalAnchanaH / kesarI niSThurakSiptamRgayUtho mRgAdhipaH / atra kRSNaM prati balabhadravAkye mArdavadUSaNapare pUrvaprastAvAnusAreNa 'krUra eva khyAti bhAgbhavati, na tu mRdu:' iti sAmAnye vaktavye tatpratyAyanArthamaprastuto vizeSo'bhihitaH / evaM bRhatkathAdiSu sAmAnyataH kacidarthaM prastutya tadvivaraNArthamaprastutakathAvizeSodAharaNeSviyamevAprastutaprazaMsA draSTavyA / / mAgha ke dvitIya sarga meM balarAma kI ukti hai| : jo vyakti krodhI zatru ke prati vaira karake phira usake prati udAsIna ho jAte haiM, ve vAsa ke Dhera meM Aga lagAkara havA kI dizA meM sote haiM / ' yahA~ pahale se hI krodhI zizupAla ke prati rukmiNIharaNa Adi kAryoM ke dvArA vaira dRDha karake kRSNa ko aba usake prati udAsIna honA ThIka nahIM hai' - isa prastuta (vizeSa) vaktavya artha kI vyaMjanA ke lie yahA~ sAmAnyarUpa aprastuta vRttAnta kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / sAmAnyarUpa aprastuta vRttAnta se vizeSarUpa prastuta vRttAnta kI vyaMjanA kA eka aura udAharaNa dete haiN| : koI vyakti kisI mitra se kaha rahA hai : - 'mitratA rUpI svarNa kI zuddhatA azuddhatA kI parIkSA karane ke lie uccatA va nikRSTatA ke antara vAlI mitratA rUpI svarNa rekhAoM kI parIkSA kI kasauTI parokSa hai / ' yahA~ koI vyakti apane mitra se yaha kahanA cAhatA hai ki 'tuma uttama koTi ke mitra tabhI siddha hovoge, jaba mere sAmane hI nahIM pIche bhI merA hita kroge'| yaha abhISTa artha prastuta hai, yahA~ kavi ne isa ( vizeSa rUpa ) prastuta artha kI vyaJjanA ke lie sAmAnya rUpa aprastuta vAcyArtha kA prayoga kiyA hai| vizeSanibandhanA aprastutaprazaMsA vahA~ hogI, jahA~ vizeSa rUpa aprastuta ke dvArA sAmAnya rUpa prastuta kI vyaMjanA ho, jaise mAgha ke dvitIyasarga se hI balarAma kI ukti hai : 'hirana ko aMka meM rakhane vAlA candramA mRgalAnchana ( hirana ke kalaMka vAlA ) kahalAtA hai, jabaki nirdaya hokara hiranoM ke jhuNDa ko parAsta karane vAlA siMha mRgAdhipa ( hiranoM kA svAmI ) kahalAtA hai / ' burA yaha kRSNa ke prati balabhadra kI ukti hai| isa ukti meM komalatA ( mArdava ) ko batAne ke lie 'krUra vyakti hI khyAti prApta karatA hai, komala prakRti vAlA nahIM' isa

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aprastutaprazaMsAlaGkAraH kAraNanibandhanA yathA ( naiSadhIya. 2 / 25 ) - hRtasAramivendumaNDalaM damayantIvadanAya vedhasA / kRtamadhya bilaM vilokyate dhRtagambhIra khanIkhanIlima || atra aprAkaraNikendumaNDalagatatayotprekSyamANena damayantIvadananirmANArthaM sArAMzaharaNena tatkAraNena tatkAyarUpaM vaNanIyatayA prastutaM damayantIvadanagatalokottara saundarya pratIyate / yathA vA madIye varadarAjastaveAzritya nUnamamRtadyutayaH padaM te dehakSayopanata divyapadAbhimukhyAH / lAvaNyapuNyanicayaM suhRdi tvadAsye vinyasya yAnti mihiraM pratimAsabhinnAH // 106 sAmAnyabhAva kI abhivyakti balarAma ko abhISTa hai / isa sAmAnyabhAva ke abhISTa hone para kavi ne yahA~ isakI vyaMjanA ke lie vizeSa rUpa aprastuta vRttAnta ( siMha candravRttAnta) kA prayoga kiyA hai| isI taraha bRhatkathA Adi kathA saMgrahoM meM jahA~ kisI prastuta sAmAnya artha ke 'prastAva meM use spaSTa karane ke lie kisI aprastuta kathAvizeSa kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai, vahA~ bhI aprastutaprazaMsA dekhI jA sakatI hai / kAraNanibandhanA aprastutaprazaMsA vahA~ hogI, jahA~ kAraNarUpa aprastuta ke dvArA kArya rUpa prastuta kI vyaMjanA pAI jAya / jaise, yaha padya naiSadhIyacarita ke dvitIya sarga ke damayantIsaundarya varNana se uddhata hai :1 aisA jAna par3atA hai ki damayantI ke mukha ko banAne ke lie brahmA ne candramaNDala ke sArabhAga ko le liyA hai, aura sArabhAga ke le lene se bIca meM chidra ho jAne se hI yaha candramaNDala gambhIra gaDDhe ke kAraNa AkAza kI nIlimA ko dhAraNa karatA huA dikhAI de rahA hai / ( candramA kA kalaMka vastutaH vaha gaDDhA hai, jo damayantI kI racanA karane ke liye lie gaye sArabhAga ke abhAva meM ho gayA hai aura isIlie kalaMka kI kAlimA usa gaDDhe se dikhane vAlI AkAza kI nIlimA hai / ) yahA~ prastuta indumaNDala meM damayantIvadana ke nirmANa ke lie sArabhAga kA le lenA utprekSita kiyA gayA hai| isa utprekSita kAraNa rUpa aprastuta ke dvArA 'damayantIvadana lokottara saundarya vAlA hai' yaha kAryarUpa prastuta abhivyakta ho rahA hai / athavA jaise appayadIkSita ke hI varadarAjastava meM 'he bhagavan, pratyeka mAsa meM bhinna anekoM candramA, dehakSaya ke kAraNa divyapada ke prati unmukha ho, Apake caraNoM ( yA Apake pada-AkAza ) kA Azraya lekara, apane saundarya rUpI puNya ke samUha ko apane mitra, Apake mukha ke pAsa rakha kara sUrya ke pAsa cale jAte haiM / yahA~ bhagavAn ke mukha ke anupame saundarya kA varNana kavi ko abhISTa hai, ataH vaha prastuta hai / kavi ne usakA varNana vAcyarUpa meM na kara usakI vyaMjanA karAI hai / isa padya maiM kavi ne aprastuta candramA rUpI kartA ke dvArA apane mitra ( mukha ) ke pAsa samasta lAvaNya puNya ke samUha kA rakhanA utprekSita kiyA hai / yaha aprastuta kAraNa hai / isake . dvArA isa kArya kI vyaMjanA hotI hai ki bhagavAn ke mukha meM ananta koTi candramAoM kA lAvaNya vidyamAna hai, tathA vaha anya mukhoM se AsAdhAraNa hai /

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110 kuvalayAnandaH ranxxxaamraormericanorammarwar ___atrAprAkaraNikacandrakartRkatayotprekSyamANena lAvaNyapuNyanicayavinyAsena kAraNena tatkAryamanantakoTicandralAvaNyazAlitvamananyamukhasAdhAraNaM bhagavanmukhe varNanIyatayA prastutaM prtiiyte| tathA hi-candrastAvanmattraliGgAddhi-kSayAbhyAmabhede'pi bhedAdhyavasAyAdvA pratimAsaM bhinnatvena varNitaH / tenAtItAzcandrA anantakoTaya iti labdham , kAlasyAnAditvAt / sarveSAM ca teSAmAkAzasamAzrayaNaM zleSamahinA bhagavaccaraNasamAzrayaNatvenAdhyavasitam / bhagavaJcaraNaM prapannAnAM ca dehakSayopasthitau paramapadaprAptyAbhimukhyaM, tadAnImeva svasuhRdvarge svakIyasukRtastomanivezanaM, tataH sUryamaNDalaprAptizcetyetatsarve atisiddhamiti tadanurodhena teSAM dehakSayakAlasyAmAvAsyArUpasyopasthitau sUryamaNDalaprApteH prAkyapratyakSasiddhaM puNyatvena nirUpitasya lAvaNyasya prahANaM nimittIkRtya tasya candrasAdRzyasvarUpopacastitatsauhArdavati bhagavanmukhe nyasanamutprekSitam / yadyapi suhRdvahutve tAvadalpapuNyasaMkramo bhavati, tathApyatra 'suhRdi'ityekavacanena bhagavanmukhameva candrANAM suhRdbhUtaM, na mukhAntarANi candrasAdRzyagandhasyApyAspadAnIni bhagavanmukhasyetaramukhebhyo vyatireko'pi vyaJjitaH / tatazca tasminneva sarveSAM candrANAM svasvayAvallAvaNyapuNyavinyasanotprekSaNena prAgvarNitaH prastuto'rthaH spaSTameva pratIyate | isI ko aura adhika spaSTa karake kahate haiM: yadyapi candramA eka hI hai, phira bhI mantra ('navo navo bhavati jAyamAnaH' ityAdi maMtra) ke AdhAra para athavA vRddhikSaya ke kAraNa abheda hone para bhedAdhyavasAyaspA atizayokti ke dvArA pratyeka mAsa ke candramA ko bhinna bhinna mAnA gayA hai| isase prAcIna kAla ke candramA anantakoTi siddha hote haiM, kyoMki kAla anAdi hai| sAtha hI ve sabhI candramA AkAza meM sthita haiM, ise zleSa se bhagavaJcaraNasamAzrayatva (ve bhagavAn ke caraNoM meM Azrita haiM) ke dvArA adhyavasita kara diyA gayA hai| bhagavAn ke caraNoM meM anurakta vyakti dehakSaya (mRtyu) ke samaya paramapada (mokSa) kI ora unmukha hote haiM, usI samaya ve apane mitravarga meM apane puNyasaMcaya kA nyAsa kara dete haiM, isake bAda ve sUryamaNDala ko prApta hote haiM, aisA vedasammata hai| isI ke anusAra kavi ne candramAoM ke dehakSayakAla arthAt amAvAsyA vAlI dazA meM sUryamaNDala meM pahu~cane ke pahale hI puNyatva ke dvArA nirUpita lAvaNya kA tyAga rUpa kAraNa batAkara usakA candramA ke samAna svarUpa ke kAraNa, lakSaNa se usakI mitratA vAle bhagavAn ke mukha meM dharohara rakhanA utprekSita kiyA hai| yadyapi kisI vyakti ke aneka mitra hone para eka mitra meM bahuta thor3A puNya saMkrAMta hotA hai, tathApi yahA~ kavi ne 'suhRdi' isa eka vacana ke prayoga ke dvArA isa vyatireka alaMkAra kI bhI vyaJjanA karAI hai ki caMdramAoM kA mitra kevala bhagavAn kA hI mukha hai, dUsare mukha to candramA kI samAnatA kI gandha ke bhI yogya nahIM haiM, ataH bhagavAn kA mukha dUsare mukhoM se utkRSTa hai / isake bAda bhagavAn ke mukha meM hI samasta candramAoM ke apane apane samasta lAvaNyapuNya kA vinyAsa karane rUpa kriyA ke utprekSita karane se (isa vRttibhAga meM) pahale varNita prastuta artha-bhagavAn kA mukha anaMtakoTi candramAoM kI suMdaratA vAlA hai tathA dUsare mukhoM se viziSTa hai-spaSTa hI vyaMjita ho jAtA hai| yadyapi 'sa yAvakSipyenmanastAvadAdityaM gacchatIti' ityAdi (pAda

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aprastutaprazaMsAlaGkAraH 111 yadyapi zrutau sUryamaNDalaprAptyanantarabhAvivirajAnadyatikramaNAnantarameva suhRtsukRtasaMkramaNaM zrUyate, tathApi zArIrakazAstre tasyArthavazAtprAgbhAvaH sthApita iti tadanusAreNa vinyasya mihiraM prati yAntItyuktam / kAryanibandhanA yathA nAtha ! tvadaMghrinakhadhAvanatoyalagnA statkAntilezakaNikA jaladhiM prvissttaaH| tA eva tasya mathanena ghanIbhavantyo nUnaM samudranavanItapadaM prapannAH // atra bhagavatpAdAmbujakSAlanatoyarUpAyAM divyasarityalaktakarasAdivallagnAnA TippaNI meM uddhRta) zruti meM, sUryamaNDala kI prApti ke bAda tathA virajA nadI ko pAra karane ke bAda mitroM meM puNyAdi kA saMkramaNa hotA hai-aisA nideza pAyA jAtA hai, tathApi AtmazAstra (zArIrakazAstra) meM isa pAThakrama kA arthakrama kI dRSTi se bAdha hotA hai, ataH arthakrama ke anusAra usako pahale varNita kiyA gayA hai (mitroM meM puNyoM ke saMcaya kA prAgbhAva sthApita kiyA gayA hai), tathA tadanusAra hI 'vinyasya mihiraM prati yAMti' aisA kahA gayA hai| (bhAva yaha hai, veda ke anusAra AtmA pahale sUryamaNDalako pAra karatA hai, usake bAda virajA nadI ko tairakara puNyAdi kA mitrAdi meM vinyAsa karatA hai, kiMtu 'Azritya' ityAdi padya meM kavi ne puNyasaMkrAnti ke sAtha pUrvakAlika kriyA-lyabanta pada 'vinyasya' kA prayoga kiyA hai tathA usakA prAgbhAva batAkara sUryamaNDalaprApti kA parabhAva batAyA hai, to yaha zrutiviruddha hai-isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna karate kahate haiM ki yadyapi veda meM yahI krama hai, kintu mokSa kI sthiti meM pahale pApa puNya kA kSaya hone para hI sUryamaNDalaprApti honA saMgata baiThatA hai, ataH hamane isI arthakrama ke vizeSa saMgata hone ke kAraNa kAvya meM isa krama kA nirdeza kiyA hai|) TippaNI-zruti meM bhagavadbhakta yA brahmajJAnI kI mRtyu kA varNana yoM milatA hai, jisameM usake puNya kA mitroM ko prApta honA tathA usakA AdityamaNDala ko prApta honA saMketita hai : 'tatsukRtaduSkRte vidhunute tasya priyA jJAtayaH sukRtamupayAnti apriyA duSkRtam / ' (kauSItaki) 'sa yAvakSipyenmanastAvadAdityaM gacchatIti sa vAyumAgacchati sa tatra vijihIte yathA rathacakrasya khaM tena sa UrdhvamAkramate sa AdityamAgacchati / ' / 'sa Agacchati virajAM nadI tAM manasaivAtyeti tatsukRtaduSkRte vidhunute / kAryanibaMdhanA aprastutaprazaMsA vahA~ hotI hai, jahA~ kAryarUpa aprastuta ke dvArA kAraNa rUpa prastuta kI vyaMjanA pAI jAtI ho, jaise bhakta bhagavAn kI stuti kara rahA hai-he nAtha, Apake caraNoM ke nakhoM ko dhone ke jala meM lage hue una nakhoM ke kAntileza ke jo kaNa samudra meM praviSTa hue, ve hI usake manthana ke kAraNa saghana banakara samudra ke navanItatva ko prApta ho gaye haiN| (bhAva yaha hai, vaha candramA jo samudra ke manthana ke samaya makkhana kI taraha nikalA hai, vastutaH bhagavAn viSNu ke padadhAvana ke samaya dhAvana jala meM milI nakhakAntilezakaNikAoM kA ghanIbhUta rUpa hai|) __ yahA~ bhagavAn ke caraNanakhoM ke kAntileza kI kaNikAoM kA samudra meM praveza varNita

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112 kuvalayAnandaH tayA saha samudraM praviSTAnAM tannakhakAntilezakaNikAnAM pariNAmatayA saMbhAvyamAnena 'samudranavanIta' padavAcyena candreNa kAryeNa tannakhakAntyutkarSaH pratIyate / yathA vA asyAdgatisaukumAryamadhunA haMsasya garvairalaM saMlApo yadi dhAryatAM parabhRtairvAcaMyamatvavratam | aGgAnAmakaThoratA yadi dRSatprAyaiva sA mAlatI kAntizcetkamalA kimatra bahunA kASAyamAlambatAm // atra nAyikAgati saukumAryAdiSu varNanIyatvena prastuteSu haMsAdigatagarvazAntyAdirUpANyaucityena saMbhAvyamAnAni kAryANyabhihitAni / etAni ca pUrvodAharaNa na vastukAryANi kintu tannirIkSaNakAryANi / 'lajjA tirazvAM yadi cetasi syAdasaMzayaM parvatarAjaputryAH / taM kezapAzaM prasamIkSya kuryurvAlapriyatvaM zithilaM camaryaH // ' ( kumAra. 1 / 48 ) ityudAharaNAntare tathaiva spaSTam | 'aGgAnAmakaThoratA' iti tRtIyapAde tu vaNanIyA hai ye kaNikAe~ bhagavAn ke caraNakamaloM ke dhAvanajala, gaMgA meM alaktaka kI bhA~ti ghulamila gaI hai tathA gaMgA ke sAtha hI samudra meM bhI praviSTa ho gaI haiM; inake pariNAmarUpa meM 'samudranavanIta' pada ke dvArA candramA ko saMbhAvita kiyA gayA hai (yahA~ candramA kAntikaNikAoM kA phalatva utprekSita kiyA gayA hai - phalotprekSA ) / isa prakAra candramA rUpa aprastuta ( kArya ) ke dvArA bhagavAn ke caraNanakhoM kI kAnti kI utkRSTatA rUpa prastuta (kAraNa) kI vyaJjanA kI gaI haiM / athavA jaise : --- kisI navayauvanA ke saundarya kA varNana hai / : yadi isa sundarI kA gatisaukumArya ( gati kI sundaratA ) dekha liyA, to haMsoM kA ghamaNDa vyartha hai, yadi isakI vANI suna lI, to kokilA ko mauna dhAraNa kara lenA cAhie, yadi isake aMgoM kI komalatA kA anubhava kiyA, to mAlatIlatA patthara ke samAna hai / aura yadi isakI kAnti kA darzana kiyA, to lakSmI ko kASAyavastra dhAraNa kara lenA cAhie / yahA~ nAyikA ke gatisaukumAryAdi kA varNana karanA prastuta hai, kiMtu kavi ne unake kArya - haMsAdi ke garva kA khanDana karanA Adi - kI saMbhAvanA kara unakA varNana kiyA hai / pahale udAharaNa meM candramA nakhakAnti rUpa kAraNa kA kArya hai jaba ki isa udAharaNa meM gati saukumAryAdi ke darzana ke kAryarUpa meM haMsagarvakhaNDanAdi kArya pAyA jAtA hai, yaha ina donoM udAharaNoM kA bheda hai| isI taraha kA nirIkSaNakAryatva nimna udAharaNa meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai : 'yadi pazu Adi prANiyoM ke citta meM bhI lajjA kI bhAvanA kA udaya hotA ho, to nizcaya hI pArvatI ke usa ( atyadhika suMdara ) kezapAza ko dekhakara camarI gAyeM apane bAloM ke moha ko zithila kara leM / uparyukta 'asyAzcedgatisaukumArya' ityAdi udAharaNa ke tRtIya caraNa meM 'aMgAnAma

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113 saukumAryAtizayanirIkSaNa kAryatvamapi nArthAkSepyamAlatI kaThoratve vivakSitaM, pratiyogi vizeSApekSa kaThoratvasya tadakAryatvAtkiMtu tadbuddhereva / idamapi 'tvadaGgamArdave dRSTe' ityAdyudAharaNAntare tathaiva spaSTam | arthasya kAryatva iva buddheH kAryatve'pi kAryanibandhanatvaM na hIyata iti / etAdRzAnyapi kAryanibandhanAprastutaprazaMsAyAmudAhRtAni prAcInaiH / vastutastu - tadatireke'pi na doSaH / na hyaprastutaprazaMsAyAM prastutA prastutayoH paJcavidha eva sambandha iti niyantuM zakyate; sambandhAntareSvapi taddarzanAt / yathA aprastutaprazaMsAlaGkAraH tApatrayauSadhavarasya tava smitasya niHzvAsamandamarutA nibusIkRtasya / ete kaDakaracayA iva viprakIrNA jaivAtRkasya kiraNa jagati bhramanti // atra prastutAnAM candrakiraNAnAM bhagavanmandasmita rUpadivyauSadhIdhAnyavizeSakaDaGkaraca yattrotprekSaNena bhagavanmandasmitasya tatsAratArUpaH ko'pyutkarSaH pratIyate / kaThoratA' ityAdi ke dvArA nAyikA ke aMgasaukumAryanirIkSaNa ke kAryarUpa meM yahA~ mAlatI kA prastaratulyatra (kaThoratA) nibaddha kiyA gayA hai / yahA~ varNanIya nAyikA ke aMgasaukumArya ke kAryarUpa meM nibaddha hone para bhI yaha artha ke dvArA AkSipta mAlatI kaThoratA meM vivakSita nahIM hai - arthAt kavi kI vivakSA yahA~ mAlatI kI kaThoratA ko hI kAryarUpa meM nibaddha karane kI nahIM hai, kyoMki akaThoratA rUpa pratiyogI ( kaThoratvAbhAva ) ke dvArA AkSipta kaThoratA usakA kArya nahIM ho sakatI / ataH yahA~ 'aMgAnAmakaThoratA' ityAdi se mAlatI kI prastaratulyatA ( kaThoratA ) kI buddhi honA hI kArya samajhA jAnA cAhie / isI prakAra 'svadaGgamArdave dRSTe' ityAdi meM bhI mAlatI candramA yA kadalI kI kaThoratA ko svayaM kAryarUpa meM na nibaddha kara unakI kaThoratAviSayaka buddhi ko hI kAryarUpa meM nibaddha kiyA gayA hai / ataH jisa prakAra kisI aprastuta artha meM kAryatva mAnA jAtA hai, vaise hI usa prakAra ke artha kI buddhi ( pratIti) meM bhI kAryanibandhana mAnanA ( usameM bhI kAryava mAnanA ) khaNDita nahIM hotaa| isIlie prAcInoM ne aprastuta arthasaMbaddha buddhi vAle sthaloM meM bhI kAryanibandhanA aprastutaprazaMsAM udAhRta kI hai| yadi koI yaha zaGkA kare ki aisA karane para to aprastutaprazaMsA kathitabhedoM se, adhika hogI, to aisA hone para bhI koI doSa nahIM / kyoMki aprastutaprazaMsA meM prastuta tathA aprastuta uparyukta pA~ca prakAra kA hI saMbaMdha hotA hai, aisA niyama nahIM banAyA jA sakatA, kyoMki inase itara saMbaMdhoM meM bhI aprastuta prazaMsA alaMkAra dekhA jAtA hai, jaise nimna padya meM 'he viSNo, Apake manda niHzvAsa pavana ke dvArA busarahita banAI huI ApakI musakurAhaTa ke -jo tInoM tApoM kI auSadhi hai - busasamUha ke samAna idhara-udhara bikharI huI ye candramA kI kiraNeM saMsAra meM ghUma rahI haiM / ' yahA~ kavi ne aprastuta candrakiraNoM ke viSaya meM yaha utprekSA kI hai ki ve bhagavAn ke mandasmita rUpI divya auSadhi dhAnya busa haiM, isa utprekSA ke dvArA bhagavAn kA smita candrakiraNoM kA bhI sAra hai - yaha bhAga bhagavAn ke smita kI utkarSatA ko vyaJjita karatA kuva08

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114 www wwwww na ca dhAnya--kaDaGkaracayayoH kAryakAraNabhAvAdisambandho'sti | ataH sahotpantyAdikamapi sambandhAntaramAzrayaNIyameva / evamupamAnopameyAvAzritya tatra kavikalpita kAryakAraNabhAvanibandhane aprastutaprazase darzite / tato'nyatrApi dRzyate / kuvalayAnandaH i yathA- kAlindi !, brUhi kumbhodbhava ! jaladhirahaM, nAma gRhNAsi kasmA cchatro, narmadA'haM tvamapi vadasi me nAma kasmAtsapatnyAH ? / mAlinyaM tarhi kasmAdanubhavasi ?, milatkajjalairmAlavInAM netrAmbhobhiH kimAsAM samajani ?, kupitaH kuntalakSoNipAlaH // atra 'kimAsAM samajani ?' iti mAlavInAM tathA rodanasya nimitte pRSTe tatpriyamaraNarUpanimittamanAkhyAya 'kupitaH kuntalakSoNipAla:' iti tatkAraNabhihitamiti kAraNa nibandhanA | mAlavAnprati prasthitena kuntalezvareNa 'kiM te nijitA: ?' iti pRSTe tadbadhAnantarabhAvi jaladhi- narmadA praznottararUpaM kAryamabhihitamityatraiva kAryanibandhanApi / pUrvasyAM praznaH zAbdaH asyAmA iti bhedaH // 66 // hai| yahA~ dhAnya tathA basa meM kAryakAraNabhAvAdisaMbaMdha nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| isalie yahA~ hameM dUsarA hI sambandha mAnanA hogA, vaha hogA sahotpatti sambandha - kyoMki dhAnya tathA basa sAtha-sAtha paidA hote haiM / isa prakAra upamAnopameya kI kalpanA kara kavikalpita kAryakAraNabhAvanibaMdhanarUpA aprastutaprazaMsA ke donoM bheda batA diye gaye haiM / yaha kalpita kAryakAraNabhAvanibaMdhana anyatra bhI dekhA jAtA hai, jaise nimna padya meM samudra tathA narmadA ke vArtAlApa ke dvArA kuntalezvara kI vIratA kA varNana upasthita kiyA gayA hai / 'kAlindi', 'kaho, agastya', 'are maiM agastya nahIM, samudra hU~, tU mere zatru ( agastya ) kA nAma kyoM le rahI hai ?' 'tuma bhI to merI sauta ( kAlindI ) kA nAma kyoM kaha rahe ho ?' 'yadi tU kAlindI nahIM hai, to tere pAnI meM yaha malinatA kahA~ se AI ?' 'yaha malinatA mAlavadeza kI rAjaramaNiyoM ke kajjalayukta azruoM kAraNa huI hai / ' 'unheM kyA ho gayA hai ?' 'kuntalanareza kruddha ho gaye haiM / ' dvArA yahA~ samudra ne mAlavaramaNiyoM ke kajalamalinanetrAMbu se narmadA jala ke malina hone kA kAraNa jAnane ke lie 'unheM kyA huA' (kimAsAM samajani ) isa prazna ke mAlaviyoM ke rone kA kAraNa pUchA hai, kintu narmadA ne uttara meM unake patiyoM ke maraNarUpa kAraNa ko na batAkara 'kuntalezvara kupita ho gayA hai' isa kAraNa ko batAyA hai, ataH yaha kAraNanibaMdhanA aprastutaprazaMsA hai| isI padya meM kAryanibaMdhanA aprastutaprazaMsA bhI pAI jAtI hai / kisI vyakti ke yaha pUchane para ki mAlava deza para AkramaNa karane vAle kuntalezvara ne kyA' mAlavadeza ko jIta liyA hai, uttara meM kavi ne usakI vijaya tathA mAlava rAjAoM ke vadha ke bAda hone vAle samudranarmadApraznottara rUpa kArya kA varNana kiyA hai / isameM kAraNanibaMdhanA meM 'kimAsAM samajani' yaha prazna zAbda hai, jaba ki kAryanibaMdhanA prazna (kiM jitAH mAlavAH ? ) Artha hai, yaha donoM meM bheda hai /

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prastutAGkarAlaGkAraH 28 prastutAkurAlaGkAraH prastutena prastutasya dyotane prastutAGkuraH / kiM bhRGga ! satyAM mAlatyAM ketakyA kaNTakeddhayA ? // 67 // yatra prastutena varNya mAnenAbhimatamanyatprastutaM dyotyate tatra prastutAGkarA: laGkAraH / uttarArdhamudAharaNam / iha priyatamena sAkamudyAne viharantI kAcidbhRGgaM pratyevamAheti vAcyArthasya prastutatvam / na cAnAmantraNIyAmantraNena vAcyAsambhavAdaprastutameva vAcyamiha svarUpaprastutAvagataye nirdiSTamiti vAcyam / maugdhyAdinA bhRGgAdAvapyAmantraNasya loke darzanAt / yathA ( dhvanyAloke 3|41)kstvN bhoH ?, kathayAmi daivahatakaM mAM viddhi zAkhoTakaM, vairAgyAdiva vakSi ?, sAdhu viditaM, kasmAdidaM kathyate ? | 28. prastutAMkura alaMkAra 67-jahA~ prastutavRttAnta ke dvArA anya prastutavRttAnta kI vyaMjanA ho, vahA~ prastutAMkura alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, he bhauMre, mAlatI hote hue kA~ToM se ghirI ketakI se kyA lAbha ? (yahA~ yaha ukti upavana meM nAyaka ke sAtha vicaraNa karatI nAyikA ne kisI bhauMre se kahI hai, ataH bhramaravRttAnta prastuta hai, isa prastuta bhramaravRttAnta ke dvArA anya prastuta nAyakavRttAnta kI vyaMjanA ho rahI hai ki 'tumhAre lie rUpavatI mere rahate hue anya ramaNI vyartha hai'|) jahA~ prastutaparaka vAcyArtha ke dvArA kavi ko abhISTa anya prastuta artha kI vyaMjanA ho, vahA~ prastutAMkura alaMkAra hotA hai| upara ke padya kA uttarArdha isakA udAharaNa hai| yahA~ priya ke sAtha upavana meM vihAra karatI koI nAyikA bhaure se isa bAta ko kaha rahI hai, isalie isa ukti kA vAcyArtha bhI prastuta hai| yadi pUrvapakSI yaha zaMkA kare ki yahA~ bhRGgavRttAnta ko prastuta kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki bhRGga ko saMbodhana karanA nAyikA ko abhISTa nahIM hai, phira bhI use saMbodhita kiyA gayA hai, ataH 'anAmaMtraNIyAmaMtraNa' ke kAraNa bhRGga ko saMbodhita karane ke pakSa meM ghaTita hone vAlA vAcyArtha taba taka asaMbhava sA hai' jaba taka ki vaha aprastuta na mAnA jAya, isaliye yahA~ bhRGgavRttAntarUpa vAcyArtha ko prastuta na mAnakara aprastuta hI mAnA jAya tathA usakA prayoga prastuta nAyakavRttAnta kI vyaMjanA ke liye kiyA gayA hai to yaha zaMkA karanA vyartha hai| kyoMki hama dekhate haiM ki loga mUrkhatA Adi ke kAraNa bhRGgAdi ko bhI saMbodhita karate dekhe jAte haiM aura isa prakAra bhRGga bhI AmaMtraNIya (saMbodhya) siddha hone para prastuta mAnA jA sakatA hai| ataH yahA~ prastuta vAcyArtha se hI prastutavRttAnta kI vyaMjanA pAI jAtI hai| udAharaNa ke lie nimna padya meM hama dekhate haiM cetana (kavi) tathA acetana (zAkhoTaka vRkSa) kA paraspara praznottara pAyA jAtA hai, isameM tiryak jAti vAle acetana vRkSa kA saMbodhana pAyA jAtA hai, ataH tiryaka-pazupakSivRttAdi-kA AmaMtraNa karanA sarvathA asaMbhava hai, aisA nahIM kahA jA sakatA, vastutaH unakA AmaMtraNa asaMbhava nahIM hai| TippaNI-mammaTAdi prastutAMkura alaMkAra nahIM mAnate, ve Age uddhRta padya meM aprastutaprazaMsA

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116 : kuvalayAnandaH vAmenAtra vaTastamabagajanaH sarvAtmanA sevate, na cchAyApi paropakArakaraNI mArgasthitasyApi me // ityatra cetanAcetanapraznottaravattiryagAmantraNasyAtyantamasambhAvitatvAbhAvAt / evaM prastutena vAcyArthena bhRGgopAlambharUpeNa vaktrayAH kulavadhvAH saundaryAbhimAnazAlinyAH krUrajanaparivRttiduSpradharSAyAM paravanitAyAM visarva - svApaharaNa saMkalpa durAsadAyAM vezyAyAM vA kaNTakasaMkula ketakI kalpAyAM pravartamAnaM priyatamaM patyupAlambho dyotyate / alaMkAra hI mAnate haiN| unake mata se prastutAMkura alaMkAra aprastutaprazaMsA meM hI antarbhAvita ho jAtA | udyotakAra ne isIlie prastutAMkura ko alaga alaMkAra mAnane kA khaMDana kiyA hai :atrevaM bodhyam-aprastutapadena mukhyatAtparyaviSayIbhUtArthAtiriko'tha grAhyaH / etena - kiM bhRGga satyAM mAlatyAM ketakyA kaMTakeDayA' ityatra priyatamena sAkamudyAne viharatI kA pratyevamAheti prastutena prastutAntaradyotane prastutAMkuranAmA bhinno'laMkAra ityapAstam / maduktarItyAsyA evaM saMbhavAt / yadA mukhyatAtparyaviSayaH prastutazca nAyikAnAyakavRttAntata duskarSayA guNIbhUtavyaMgyastadA'tra sAdRzyamUlA samAsoktireveti kecit / anye svaprastusena prazaMsetyavya prastutaprazaMsAzabdArthaH / evaM ca vAcyena vyaktena vA'prastutena vAkyaM vyaktaM vA prastutaM yatra sAdRzyAdyanyatamaprakAreNa prazasthata utkRSyata ityarthAdapIyamevetyAhuriti dikU / ( udyota pR0 490 ) 'koI pathika ( yA kavi ) zAkhoTaka ( sehu~Da ) ke per3a se pUcha rahA hai :- 'bhAI tuma kauna ho ?' ( zAkhoTaka uttara detA hai ) 'kahatA hU~ bhAI, mujha abhAge ko zAkhoTaka vRkSa samajho / ' (pathika phira pUchatA hai ) 'tuma itane vairAgya se kyoM bola rahe ho / ' ( zAkhoTaka uttara detA hai ) 'tumane ThIka samajhA', (pathika pUchatA hai ) ' to tumhAre vairAgya kA kAraNa kyA hai ?' ( zAkhoTaka uttara de rahA hai ) 'dekho, rAste ke bAIM ora jo baragada kA per3a hai, usake nIce jAkara rAhagIra vizrAma lete haiM aura maiM rAste ke bIcoMbIca khar3A hU~, para phira bhI merI chAyA paropakAra karane meM asamartha hai| ( yahA~ zAkhoTaka vRtAnta ke dvArA aise dAnI vyakti kI vyaMjanA hotI hai, jo dAna to denA cAhatA hai para usake pAsa dhanAdi nahIM hai, athavA yahA~ adhama jAti meM utpanna dAnI kI vyaMjanA hotI hai, jisake dAna ko koI nahIM letA / ) TippaNI- - mammaTa ne isa padya meM aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra mAnA hai / yadyapi yahA~ zAkhoTaka vRkSa ko saMbodhita karake vAcyArtha kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai, ataH vaha prastuta ho jAtA hai, tathApi mammaTa ne use isaliye prastuta nahIM mAnA hai / vastutaH yahA~ vAcyArthaM saMbhAvita nahIM hotA tathA vyaMgyArthaM ke adhyAropamAtra se aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra mAnanA par3atA hai| pradIpakAra ne isIlie zAkhoTaka meM saMbodhyatva tathA uccArayitRtva kA ghaTita honA nahIM mAnA hai :- 'anna vAcya zAkhoTake saMbodhyasvoccArayitRtvamanupapannamiti pratIyamAnAdhyAropaH / ( pradIpa pR0 489 ) appayadIkSita ko yaha mata pasanda nhiiN| ve yahA~ zAkhoTaka meM saMvodhyatvAbhAva nahIM mAnate, tabhI to ve kahate haiM - 'tiryagAmantrasyAtyaMtamasaMbhAvitatvAbhAvAt / ' isa prakAra siddha hai ki 'kiM bhRGga satyAM' Adi padyArdha meM bhRGgavRttAnta rUpa vAcyArtha prastuta hI hai, usake dvArA bhRGga kA upAlaMbha kara saundarya Adi ke kAraNa abhimAnavAlI kulavadhU apane usa priya ke prati upAlaMbha kara rahI hai, jo krUra manuSyoM ke sAtha rahane ke kAraNa

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yathA vA ( vikaTanitambA ) - prastutA kurAlaGkAraH anyAsu tAvadupamardasahAsu bhRna ! lolaM vinodaya manaH sumanolatAsu / bAlAmajAtarajasaM kalikAmakAle vyartha kadarthayasi kiM navamallikAyAH 1 // 117 atrApyudyAnamadhye carantaM bhRGgaM pratyayamupAlambha iti vAcyArthasyApi prastuta - svam / idaM ca prauDhAGganAsu satISu bAlikAM rataye klezayati kAmini zRNvati kasyAzcidvidagdhAyA vacanamiti taM pratyupAlambho dyotyate / yathA vA kozadvandvamiyaM dadhAti nalinI kAdambacanukSataM dhatte cUtalatA navaM kisalayaM puMskokilAsvAditam / ityAkarNya mithaH sakhIjanavacaH sA dIrghikAyAstaTe celAntena tirodadhe stanataTaM bimbAdharaM pANinA / duSpradharSa (duHkha se vaza meM Ane lAyaka ) parakIyA nAyikA meM athavA anurakta kAmuka vyaktiyoM ke samasta dhana kA apaharaNa karane ke saMkalpa ke kAraNa durlabha vezyA meM - jo kA~ToM se yukta ketakI ke samAna hai-anurakta hai / usa prakAra prastuta bhRGgopAlaMbha ke dvArA nAyakopAlaMbha vyaMjita hotA hai / athavA jaise ( kisI bAlikA ke sAtha udyAna meM ramaNa karate nAyaka ko dekhakara use sunAkara koI catura nAyikA bhauMre ko lakSya banAkara kaha rahI hai | ) 'he bhauMre, jaba taka yaha navamallikA kI kalI vikasita nahIM ho jAtI taba taka tuma mardana ko sahana karane meM samartha anya puSpalatAoM se apanA caMcala mana bahalA lo| tuma isa navamallikA kI navIna kalI ko - jisameM abhI parAga utpanna nahIM huA haimeM hI vyartha kyoM kucala rahe ho / ' -asamaya ( yahA~ prastuta bhRGgavRttAnta ke dvArA aise prastuta nAyaka kI vyaMjanA ho rahI hai, jo taruNiyoM ke hote hue kisI bAlikA ko ratikrIDA se pIDita karatA hai / ) yahA~ yaha upAlambha udyAna meM ghUmate hue bhauMre ke prati kahA gayA hai, ataH yaha vAkyArtha bhI prastuta hai / isake dvArA kisI aise nAyaka ke prati upAlambha vyaMjita hotA hai, jo prauDhAMganAoM ke hote hue bAlikA ko ratikrIDA ke liye pIDita karatA hai tathA jisako sunAkara kisI catura nAyikA ne isa ukti kA prayoga kiyA hai (ataH vyaMgArtha bhI prastuta hai ) / athavA jaise koI nAyikA kisI bAvalI ke taTa para nahAne AI hai| use dekha kara koI sakhI dUsarI sakhI se kahatI hai :- 'dekho, yaha kamalinI haMsa kI coMca ke dvArA kSatavikSata do kamalakalikAoM ko dhAraNa kara rahI hai, yaha AmralatA kokila ke dvArA cakhe gae kisalaya ko dhAraNa kara rahI hai / ' sakhiyoM kI isa paraspara bAta ko bAvalI ke taTa para sunakara usa nAyikA ne apane stanadvaya ko kapar3e se tathA biMba ke samAna lAla oTha ko hAtha se bai~ka liyA / '

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118 kuvalayAnandaH paramanararamoamariomorrormomamarm atra 'iyam' iti nalinIvyaktivizeSanirdezena 'dIpikAyAsta Te' ityanena ca vAcyAthesya prastutatvaM spaSTam / prastutAntaradyotanaM cottarArdhe svayameva kavinA''. viSkRtam / atrAdyodAharaNayoranyApadezadhvanimAha locanakAraH-'aprastutaprazaMsAyAM vAcyArtho'stutatvAdavarNanIyaH' iti / tatrAbhidhAyAmapayevasitAyAM tena prastutArthavyaktiralaGkAraH / iha tu vAcyasya prastutatvena tatrAbhidhAyAM paryavasitAyAmarthasaundaryabalenAbhimatArthavyaktirdhvanireveti / vastutastu-ayamapyalaGkAra eva na dhvaniriti vyavasthApitaM citramImAMsAyAm | tRtIyodAharaNasya tvalaGkAratve kasyApi na vivAdaH / uktaM hi dhvanikRtA ( dhvanyAloke 2 / 24 ) isa padya meM 'kamalinIvRttAnta' tathA 'AmralatAvRttAnta' prastuta haiM (aprastuta nahIM), kyoMki kamalinI AmralatAparaka vAcyArtha 'iyaM' sarvanAma ke dvArA nalinIrUpa vyaktivizeSa ke nirdeza ke kAraNa tathA 'dIrghikAyAstaTe' isa prastutavAcI pada ke kAraNa prastuta siddha hotA hai| isa prastuta se anya prastuta (nAyikAvRttAnta) kI vyaMjanA ho rahI hai, yaha kavi ne svayaM hI uttarArdha meM spaSTa kara diyA hai| (hama dekhate haiM ki appayadIkSita ne prastutAMkura ke prakaraNa meM tIna udAharaNa diye haiN| inameM antima udAharaNa ('kozadvandvamiyaM' ityAdi) meM kavi ne svayaM hI anya prastuta artha kI vyaMjanA kA saMketa kara diyA hai, ataH yahA~ spaSTa hI alaMkAra ho jAtA hai, kintu prathama do udAharaNoM meM-'kastvaM bhoH' Adi tathA 'anyAsu tAvaduparmadasahAsu' Adi padyoM meMkavi ne vyaMgyArtha kA koI saMketa spaSTarUpa se nahIM diyA hai, ataH yahA~ dhvani hI mAnanA hogA-aisA kucha vidvAnoM kA mata hai / appayadIkSita isa mata se sahamata nahIM haiM / ataH locanakAra ke mata kA ullekha kara usase asahamati pradarzita karate haiN|) . ina tInoM udAharaNoM meM se prathama do udAharaNoM meM locanakAra abhinavagupta ne anyApadezadhvani mAnI hai / unakA kahanA hai ki 'aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra meM vAcyArtha aprastuta hone ke kAraNa kavi kA vayaMviSaya nahIM hotA, isalie vahA~ abhidhAzakti vAcyArtha kI pratIti karAne para isaliye kSINa nahIM ho pAtI ki kavi kI vivakSA aprastuta pakSa meM nahIM hotI, isaliye aprastuta vAcyArtha ke dvArA prastuta kI vyaMjanA hotI hai, tathA yaha vyaMgyArtha vAcyArtha kA paryavasAna karane meM sahAyatA detA hai-phalataH prastuta vyaMgyArtha ke aprastuta vAcyArtha ke poSaka hone ke kAraNa yahA~ (aprastutaprazaMsAvAle pakSa meM) alaMkAratva ThIka baiThatA hai| kintu ukta donoM udAharaNoM meM yaha bAta nahIM hai / yahA~ vAcyArtha bhI prastuta hai, ataH usake prastuta hone para abhidhAzakti apane artha kA bodha karAkara paryavasita ho jAtI hai, usakI puSTi ke liye vyaMgyArtha kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI, aisI dazA meM vyaMgyArtha kI pratIti prathama artha ke camatkAra ke kAraNa hotI hai, ataH yahA~ alaMkAra na mAnakara dhvani hI mAnanA caahie|' appaya dIkSita isa mata se asahamata hokara kahate haiM:-jahA~ prastuta vAcyArtha ke dvArA prastuta vyaMgyArtha kI pratIti ho, yahA~ bhI alaMkAra hI hotA hai, dhvani nahIM, isa mata kI pratiSThApanA hama citramImAMsA meM kara cuke haiN|' jahA~ taka tIsare udAharaNa kA prazna hai usake alaMkAratva ke viSaya meM koI matabheda nahIM hai, kyoMki use donoM hI alaMkAra mAnate haiM / jaisA ki dhvanikAra ne kahA hai

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prastutAGkurAlaGkAraH 'zabdArthazaktyAkSipto'pi vyaGga yo'rthaH kavinA punaH / yatrAviSkriyate svoktyA sA'nyaivAlaMkRtirdhvaneH // ' iti / 116 mm etAni sArUpyanibandhanAnyudAharaNAni saMbandhAntaranibandhanAnyapi kathaMcidvAcyavyaGganyayoH prastutatva lambhanenodAharaNIyAni / diGmAtramudAhriyate - rAtriH zivA kAcana saMnidhatte vilocane ! jAgratamapramatte / samAnadharmA yuvayoH sakAze sakhA bhaviSyatyacireNa kazcit // atra zivasArUpyamiva tadekadezatayA tadvAcyaM lalATalocanamapi zivarAtrimAhAtmyaprayuktatvena varNanIyamiti tanmukhena kRtsnaM zivasArUpyaM gamyam | yathA vA vahantI sindUraM prabalakabarI bhAratimira tvaSAM vRndairbandIkRtamiva navInArkakiraNam / tanotu kSemaM nastava vadanasaundaryalaharI - parIvAhasrotaHsaraNiriva sImantasaraNiH // 'jahA~ kavi' zabdazakti athavA arthazakti ke dvArA AkSipta vyaMgyArtha ko punaH apanI ukti se prakaTa kara de, vahA~ dhvani se bhinna anya hI alaMkAra hotA hai / ' TippaNI- appayadIkSita kI citramImAMsA kevala atizayokti alaMkAra ke prakaraNa taka milatI hai, ataH prastuta vAcyArtha ke dvArA prastuta vyaMgyArthapratIti meM dhvani na hokara alaMkAra hI hai, yaha mata citramImAMsA ke upalabdha aMza meM nahIM milatA / Upara ke tInoM udAharaNa sArUpyanibandhana ke haiN| jisa taraha aprastutaprazaMsA meM sArUpya sambandha ke atirikta anya sambandhoM kA bhI nibaMdhana pAyA jAtA hai, usI taraha yahA~ bhI prastuta vAcya tathA prastuta vyaMgya meM anya saMbaMdha kA bhI nibandhana pAyA jAtA hai / inake diGmAtra udAharaNa die jAte haiM / koI zivabhakta kavi apane donoM netroM se kaha rahA hai| 'he netradvaya, koI utkRSTa kalyAmaya rAtri AI hai, ataH tuma apramatta hokara jage rahanA / isase tumhAre samIpa zIghra hI samAna guNa vAlA koI mitra ho jAyagA / (yahA~ netroM ke dvArA zivarAtri meM jAgaraNa karane para bhakta zivarUpa ho jAyagA tathA zivarUpa hone para usake lalATa para tIsarA netra aura udita ho jAyagA yaha artha vyaMgya hai / ) yahA~ kavi ke lie zivasArUpya prApta karane ke varNana kI taraha hI zivarAtrimAhAtmya ke hetu ke kAraNa usake dvArA vAcya lalATa netra kA bhI varNana zivarAtri ke mAhAtmya meM prastuta ho jAtA hai, isake dvArA bhakta kA samasta zivasArUpya ( anya prastuta ) vyaJjita hotA hai / ( yahA~ ekadezya - ekadezabhAvasaMbaMdha kA nibaMdhana pAyA jAtA hai / ) athavA jaise-- devI pArvatI ke sImanta kA varNana hai / he devi, prabala kezapAza rUpI andhakAra kI kAMti ke samUha ke dvArA kaida kI gaI bAlasUrya kI kiraNa ke samAna siMdUra ko dhAraNa karatI, tathA mukha ke saundarya kI laharoM ke parIvAha ( jala nirgamamArga ) khota ke samAna tumhArI sImanta-saraNi hamAre kalyANa kA vidhAna kare /

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120 kuvalayAnandaH atra varNanIyatvena prastutAyAH sImantasararvadana saundaryalaharI parIvA hatvotprekSaNena paripUrNataTAkavatparIvAha kAraNIbhUtA svasthAne amAntI vadana saundaryasamRddhiH pratIyate | sApi varNanIyatvena prastutaiva | yathA vA aGgAsaGgimRNAla kANDamayate bhRGgAvalInAM rucaM nAsA mauktikamindranIlasaraNi zvAsAnilAdgAhate / datteyaM himavAlukApi kucayordhatte kSaNaM dIpatAM taptAyaH patitAmbuvatkaratale dhArAmbu saMlIyate // nAyikAyA virahAsahatvAtizayaprakaTanAya saMtApavatkAryANi mRNAlamAlinyAdInyapi varNanIyatvena vivakSitAnIti tanmukhena saMtApo'vagamyaH / yatra kAryamukhena kAraNasyAvagatirapi zloke nibaddhA, na tatrAyamalaGkAraH, kiM tvanumAnameva yathA ( ratnA0 2 / 12 ) - / yahA~ kavi ke lie devI kI sImantasaraNi kA varNana varNya hone ke kAraNa prastuta hai, usa para mukha saundarya kI laharoM ke parIvAha kI utprekSA karane ke kAraNa paripUrNa taDAga kI taraha parIvAha kI kAraNabhUta, apane sthAna meM nahIM samAtI, vadanasaundaryasamRddhi kI vyaJjanA hotI hai / yaha vadana saundaryasamRddhi bhI kavi ke lie varNanIya hone ke kAraNa prastuta hI hai| (isa prakAra yahA~ parIvAha ke rUpa meM utprekSita sImantasaraNi rUpa kArya ke dvArA usake kAraNa vadanasaundaryasamRddhi kI vyaJjanA karAI gaI hai, ataH yahA~ kAryakAraNabhAvasambandha nibaddha kiyA gayA hai| ) athavA jaise kisI nAyikA ke virahatApa kA varNana hai / 'isa nAyikA ke aMga se saMsakta mRNAla bharoM kI kAMti ko prApta karatA hai (kAlA ho jAtA hai), isake nAka kA sapheda motI zvAsa ke kAraNa indranIlamaNi kI padavI ko prApta ho jAtA hai, (virahatApa se uttapta zvAsa ke kAraNa zveta motI bhI kAlA par3a jAtA hai), isake kucasthala para rakkhA huA yaha karpUra cUrNa (himavAlukA) bhI kSaNabhara meM jala uThatA hai, tathA isake karatala para dhArArUpa meM sIMcA gayA pAnI tape lohe ( tape tave ) para gire pAnI kI taraha eka dama sUkha jAtA hai|' yahA~ nAyikA ke virahAsahatvAtizaya ( viraha usake liye atyadhika asahya hai ) ko prakaTa karane ke liye, santApayukta kArya - mRNAla kA malina honA Adi prastutoM kA vAcya rUpa meM prayoga kiyA gayA hai, unake dvArA yahA~ anya prastuta - nAyikA kA virahasaMtApa vyaJjita hotA hai / ( kAryakAraNabhAvasambandha vAle prastutAMkura se anumAna alaMkAra meM kyA bheda hai, ise spaSTa karane ke liye kahate haiM :- - ) jahA~ kAryarUpa prastuta vAcyArtha ke dvArA kAraNa rUpa prastuta vyaMgyArtha kI pratIti ho, tathA kAraNarUpa prastuta kA sAkSAt varNana kavi ne na kiyA ho, vahA~ to prastutAMkura alaMkAra hotA hai, kintu aise sthala para jahA~ kArya ke dvArA pratIta kAraNa ko bhI kavi ne padya meM nibaddha kiyA ho, vahAM yaha alaMkAra ( tathA aprastutaprazaMsA bhI) nahIM hogA, vahAM anumAna alaMkAra kA hI kSetra hotA hai| jaise nimna padya meM

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paryAyo kAlaGkAraH parimlAnaM pInastanajaghana saGgAdubhayata stanormadhyasyAntaH parimilanamaprApya haritam | idaM vyastanyAsaM prazithilabhujAkSepavalanaiH kRzAGgayAH saMtApaM vadati nalinIpatrazayanam // 67 // 29 paryAyoktAlaGkAraH paryAyoktaM tu gamyasya vaco bhaGgayantarAzrayam / namastasmai kRtau yena mudhA rAhuvadhUkucau // 68 // 121 ratnAvalInATikA meM rAjA udayana sAgarikA kI kamaladala zayyA ko dekhakara usake virahatApa kA varNana karate kaha rahe haiM :- yaha kamaladala kI zayyA pInastana tathA jaghana ke samparka ke kAraNa donoM ora se kumhalA gaI hai, jabaki sAgarikA ke atyadhika sUkSma madhya bhAga se asaMpRkta hone ke kAraNa bIca meM harI hai; aura usake atyadhika zithila hAthoM ke pheMkane ke kAraNa isakI racanA astavyasta ho gaI hai| isa prakAra yaha kamala ke pattoM kI zayyA dubale patale aGgoM vAlI sAgarikA ke virahatApa kI vyaJjanA karAtI hai| ( yahA~ kavi ne hI svayaM 'kRzAMgyAH santApaM vadati visinIpatrazayana' kaha kara Upara ke tIna caraNoM meM nibaddha kArya ke kAraNa kA spaSTataH abhidhAna kara diyA hai, ataH yahA~ virahatApa rUpa prastuta artha vyaMgya nahIM raha pAyA hai / phalataH yahA~ prastutAMkura ( yA aprastuta prazaMsA ) alaMkAra na ho kara anumAna alaMkAra hI mAnanA hogA / ) 29. paryAyokta alaMkAra 68 - jahA~ vyaMgya artha kI bodhikA rIti se bhinna anya prakAra se ( bhaMgyaMtara ke Azraya dvArA ) vyaMgya artha kI pratIti ho, vahA~ paryAyokta alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, jina ( viSNu bhagavAn ) ne rAhu daitya kI strI ke kucoM ko vyartha banA diyA unako namaskAra hai / TippaNI - kumbhakoNam se prakAzita kuvalayAnaMda meM isa kArikA ke pUrva koSThaka meM nimna vRtti milatI hai : -- (nanu, prastuta kAryAbhidhAnamukhena kAraNasya gamyatvamapi prastutAMkura viSayazcet kiM tarhi paryAyoktamityAkAMkSAyAmAha ' - ) ( vahI pR0 137 ) bhAva yaha hai, appayadIkSita ne pUrvokta prastutAMkura meM eka saraNi vaha bhI mAnI hai, jahA~ prastuta kArya ke dvArA prastuta kAraNa kI vyaMjanA ho; kiMtu prAcIna AlaMkArika ruthyakAdi ne prastuta kArya se prastuta kAraNa kI vyaMjanA meM paryAyokta alaMkAra mAnA hai, to pUrvapakSI yaha zaMkA kara sakatA hai ki jahA~ ruyyakAdi paryAyokta mAnate haiM, vahA~ Apa prastutAMkura mAnate haiM, to phira paryAyokta kA lakSaNa kyA hai ? isakA samAdhAna karane ke lie hI paryAyokta kA prakaraNa AraMbha karate hue kahate haiM : -- ( jayadeva ne paryAyokta yA paryAyokti kA lakSaNa bhinna diyA hai, usake anusAra prastuta kArya dvArA prastuta kAraNa kI pratIti meM paryAyokti alaMkAra hotA hai / appayadIkSita ne prastuta kArya ke dvArA prastuta kAraNa kI pratIti meM prastutAMkura alaMkAra mAnA hai, to phira paryAyokta alaMkAra kyA hogA ? yaha zaMkA upasthita ho sakatI hai| isIlie dIkSita ne paryAyokta kA lakSaNa jayadeva ke anusAra nibaddha na kara ruyyaka ke anusAra nibaddha kiyA

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122 kuvalayAnandaH www.w www yadeva gamyaM vivakSitaM tasyaiva bhaGgayantareNa vivakSitarUpAdapi cArutareNa kenacidrUpAntareNAbhidhAnaM paryAyoktam / uttarArdhamudAharaNam / atra bhagavAn vAsudevaH svAsAdhAraNarUpeNa gamyaH rAhuvadhUkuca vaivardhya kArakatvena rUpAntareNa sa evAbhihitaH / yathA thA lokaM pazyati yasyAMghriH sa yasyAMghriM na pazyati / tAbhyAmapyaparicchedyA vidyA vizvagurostava || atra gautamaH pataJjalizva svAsAdhAraNarUpAbhyAM gamyau rUpAntarAbhyAmabhihitau / haiM / isa saMbaMdha meM yaha jAna lenA Avazyaka hogA ki jayadeva bhI prastutAMkura alaMkAra ko nahIM mAnate / ) TippaNI- candrAlokakAra kA paryAyokta kA lakSaNodAharaNa yoM hai :kAryAdyaiH prastutairukte paryAyoktaM pracakSate / tRNAnyaM kurayAmAsa vipakSa nRpasadmasu // ( candrAloka 5.70 ) alaMkAra sarvasvakAra ruyyaka kA paryAyokta kA lakSaNa yoM hai : 'gamyasya bhaMgyantareNAbhidhAnaM paryAyoktam |' ( pR0 141 ) mammaTa kA paryAyokta kA lakSaNa yoM hai : paryAyoktaM vinA vAcyavAcakatvena yadvacaH / ( dazama ullAsa ) yahA~ 'cyavAcakatvana vinA' kA ThIka vahI bhAva hai, jo dIkSita ke bhaMgyaMtarAzrayam' kA nA par3atA hai, vaise jaisA ki hama dekheMge appayadIkSita 'vAcyavAcakatvena vinA ' kA khaMDana karate haiM / mammaTa ne isakA udAharaNa yaha diyA hai : -- yaM precya cirarUDhApi nivAsaprItirujjhitA / madenairAvaNamukhe mAnena hRdaye hareH // candrika kAra ne isakA lakSaNa yoM diyA hai : vivakSita svaprakArAtiriktena cArutareNa rUpeNa vyaMgyasyAbhidhAnaM paryAyoktam / ( 1092) paryAyokta alaMkAra vahA~ hotA hai, jahA~ vivakSita gamya artha kI pratIti ke lie usa vivakSita artha ke bhaMgyaMtara se arthAt vivakSitarUpa se bhI adhika sundara ( camatkArayukta ) kisI anya prakAra ke vAcakAdi kA prayoga kiyA jaay| isakA udAharaNa Upara ke padya kA uttarArdha hai / isa udAharaNa meM kavi bhagavAn viSNu ke prati namaskAra kara rahA hai, isa artha kI pratIti ke lie vAsudeva ke asAdhAraNa rUpa ( vAsudevatva ) kA varNana kiyA jA sakatA thA kiMtu usakA varNana na kara rAhuvadhUkucoM ke vyartha banA dene rUpa anya artha dvArA unhIM viSNu bhagavAn kA abhidhAna kiyA gayA hai / ke athavA jaise 'vizvaguru tumhAre pAsa aisI vidyA hai, jo - jisakA paira saMsAra ko dekhatA hai (gautama) tathA jinake paira ko saMsAra nahIM dekhatA ( zeSAvatAra pataMjali ) una donoM ke dvArA bhI anAkalanIya hai. / yahA~ gautama (akSapAda ) tathA pataMjali apane viziSTa rUpa varNana se gamya ho sakate

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paryAyoktAlaGkAraH 123 yathA vA ( naiSadha0 8 / 24) nivedyatAM hanta samApayantau zirISakozamradimAbhimAnam / pAdau kiyadUramimau prayAse nidhitsate tucchadayaM mnste| atra 'kiyadUraM jigamiSA ?' iti gamya evArtho rUpAntareNAbhihitaH / / yathA vA vande devaM jaladhizaradhiM devatAsArvabhauma vyAsapraSThA bhuvanaviditA yasya vaahaadhivaahaaH| haiM, para unheM bhinna rUpa ke dvArA varNita kiyA gayA hai| (gautama kA eka nAma akSapAda bhI hai, kyoMki sunA jAtA hai unake paira meM bhI A~kha thI, jisase ve manana karate jAte the aura paira svayaM rAstA DhUMDha letA thaa| isI taraha pataMjali zetra ke avatAra the| zeSa sarparAja haiM, tathA sarpa ke caraNa gupta hote haiN| sarpa kA eka nAma guptapAda bhI hai, ataH pataMjali ke lie yahA~ jinake pairoM ko loga nahIM dekhate yaha kahA hai| isa prakAra yahA~ gautama ke akSa. pAdatva tathA pataMjali ke guptapAdatva kA varNana unake asAdhAraNa rUpa kA varNana hai| TippaNI-isa padya meM gautama tathA pataMjali meM 'aparicchedyatva' rUpa eka dharmAnvaya pAyA jAtA hai| ataH yahA~ tulyayogitA alaMkAra bhI hai| isa prakAra padya meM tulyayogitA tathA paryAyokta kA aMgAMgibhAva saMkara hai / isI padya meM 'tAbhyAmapi' isa padadvaya ke dvArA kaimutikanyAya se yaha artha pratIta hotA hai ki jaba ziva ke anugraha se sampanna gautama tathA akSapAda hI usa vidyA ko na pA sake, to dUsaroM kI kyA zakti kI utanI vidyA prApta kara saka, ataH yahA~ arthApatti (kAvyArthApatti) alaMkAra hai / isa taraha arthApatti kA pUrvokta saMkara ke sAtha punaH saMkara alaMkAra pAyA jAtA hai| athavA jaise damayaMtI nala se pUcha rahI hai :-'he dUta, batAo to sahI, tumhArA yaha kama dayA vAlA (nirdaya) mana zirISa kI kalI ko komalatA ke abhimAna ko khaNDita karanevAle ina tumhAre caraNoM ko kitane dUra taka ke prayAsa meM rakhanA cAhatA hai|' TippaNI-isa padya meM nala ke komala caraNoM ko usakA mana dUra taka le jAne kA kaSTa de rahA hai, isake dvArA mana ke nirdaya hone (tucchadayaM) kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai, ataH kAvyaliMga alaGkAra hai / tuma kahA~ jA rahe ho, isa gamya artha kA pratIti ke lie 'kitane dUra taka tumhAre caraNoM ko yaha nirdaya mana ghasITanA cAhatA hai' isa adhika suMdara DhaMga kA prayoga karane se paryAyokta alaGkAra hai 'zirISa kI kalI kI komalatA ke abhimAna ko samApta karate' isa aMza meM zirISakalikA se caraNoM kI utkRSTatA batAI gaI hai, ataH yaha vyatireka alaGkAra hai| ina tInoM kA aMgAMgibhAva saMkara isa padya meM pAyA jAtA hai / yahA~ damayaMtI nala se yaha pUchanA cAhatI hai ki 'tuma kitane dUra jAnA cAhate ho,' para isa gamya artha ko rUpAMtara ke dvArA varNita kiyA gayA hai| athavA jaise maiM una devAdhideva kI vandanA karatA hU~, jinakA tUNIra samudra hai, jinake vAhana ke vAhana lokaprasiddha vyAsAdi maharSi haiM, jinake AbhUSaNoM kI saMdUka pAtAlaloka hai, jinakI puSpavATikA AkAza hai, jinakI sAr3I (dhotI) ke rakhavAle indrAdi lokapAla hai tathA jinakA candanavRkSa kAmadeva hai|

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124 kuvalayAnandaH bhUSApeTI bhuvanamadharaM puSkaraM puSpavATI zATIpAlAH zatamakhamukhAzcandanadrurmanobhUH // atra 'yasya vedA vAhAH, bhujaGgamA bhUSaNAni' ityAdi tattadvAkyArthavyava sthitau vedatvAdyAkAreNAvagamyA eva vedAdayo vyAsapramukha vineyatvAdyAkAreNAbhihitAH, paraMtu devatAsArvabhaumatvasphuTIkaraNAya vizeSaNavizeSyabhAvavyatyAsena pratipAditAH / atrAlaGkAra sarvasvakRtApi paryAyoktasya saMpradAyAgatamidameva lakSaNamaGgIkRtaM 'gamyasyApi bhaGgayantareNAbhidhAnaM paryAyoktam' iti / ( mahAdeva ne tripurasaMhAra ke samaya viSNu ko bANa banAkara use mArA thA, isalie viSNu unake bANa haiM aura viSNu kA nivAsasthAna kSIrasAgara unakA tUNIra / veda unake vAhana haiM tathA vyAsAMdi maharSi vedoM ko dhAraNa karate haiM, ataH vyAsAdi maharSi mahAdeva ke vAhana ke vAhana haiN| mahAdeva ke AbhUSaNa sarpa haiM, ataH pAtAla ( sarpoM kA nivAsasthAna ) unakI AbhUSaNapeTikA hai / ve candramA ke phUla ko mastaka para car3hAte haiM, ataH AkAza unakI puSpavATikA hai| mahAdeva digaMbara hai, ataH unakI dhotI dizA hai aura usake rakSaka indrAdi dikpAla | unhoMne kAmadeva ke bhasma ko aMgarAga ke rUpa meM zarIra para lagAyA hai, ataH unakA caMdana kAmadeva hai / ) yahA~ 'veda jina mahAdeva ke vAhana haiM tathA sarpa AbhUSaNa haiM' ityAdi tattat vAkyArtha kI pratIti vedAdi kA prayoga karane para hI ho sakatI hai, tathA isI taraha vedAdi vyAsa pramukha maharSiyoM ke bhI bandanIya ( upAsya ) haiM isa prayoga ke dvArA hI ho sakatI hai, kiMtu kavi isa sAkSAt vAkyavAcaka rIti kA prayoga na kara, isa bAta ko spaSTa karane ke lie ki ye saba devatAoM ke cakravartI rAjA haiM; tattat padArthoM ke vizeSaNavizeSyabhAva kA parivartana kara diyA hai / ( bhAva yaha hai ki 'yasya vedA vAhAH bhujaMgamAni bhUSaNAni meM vedasarpAdi vizeSya haiM vAhabhujaMgAdi vizeSaNa tathA isa rIti se kahane para bhI mahAdeva kA devAdhIzvaratva pratIta ho hI jAtA hai, kiMtu usako aura adhika spaSTa karane ke lie yahA~ vizeSaNavizeSyabhAva meM parivartana kara vAhabhUSaNAdi ko vizeSya tathA vedasarpAdi ko vizeSaNa banA diyA gayA hai / isa prakAra sAkSAt vAcyavAcakabhAva kA upAdAna na kara kavi ne bhaMgyaMtara kA prayoga kiyA hai / ) ( jayadeva ne paryAyokta ( paryAyokta) kA lakSaNa bhinna prakAra kA diyA hai, isalie appayadIkSita zaMkA kA samAdhAna karanA cAhate haiM / ) paryAyokta kA saMpradAyAgata (prAcIna AlaMkArika sammata ) lakSaNa yahI hai, alaMkArasarvasvakAra ne bhI paryAyokta ke isI saMpradAyAta lakSaNa ko aMgIkAra kiyA hai: - 'paryAyokta vaha hotA hai, jahA~ gamya (vyaMgya) artha kA bhinna zailI (bhaMgyaMtara ) ke dvArA abhidhAna kiyA gayA ho / ' dekhiye- alaGkAra sarvasva ( pR0 141 ) yadyapi alaMkAra sarvasvakAra ruyyaka ne paryAyokta alaMkAra kA lakSaNa ThIka diyA hai, tathApi usake udAharaNa kI mImAMsA bilakula dUsare DhaMga se kI hai / ruyyaka ne paryAyokta kA udAharaNa yaha prasiddha padya diyA hai : TippaNI- isa saMbaMdha meM yaha zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki ruyyakAdi ne to 'kAryamukha ke dvArA kAraNa kI vyaMjanA hone para paryAyokta mAnA hai' to phira dIkSita ne unase viruddha lakSaNa kyoM diyA hai, isa zaMkA kI kalpanA karake dIkSita batAne jA rahe haiM ki sarvasvakArAdi kA bhI tAtparya ThIka

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paryAyo kalAra 'cakrAbhighAtaprasabhAzayaiva cakAra yo rohavAdhajanasyatA AliGganohAmavilAsabandhyaM ratotsavaM cumbanamAvazeSa ma iti prAcInodAharaNaM tvanyathA yojitaM-rAhuvadhUgatena viziSTena ratotsavena rAhu. zirazchedaH kAraNarUmo gamyata iti / evaM ca 'gamyasyaivAbhidhAnam' iti lakSaNasyAnupapattimAzaGkathAha-'yadgamyaM tasyaivAbhidhAnAyogAt kAryAdidvAreNaivAbhidhAnaM lakSaNe vivakSitam' iti / - lakSaNamapi kliSTagatyA yojitaM locanakRtA 'paryAyoktaM yadanyena prakAreNAbhidhIyate' iti / idameva lakSaNamaGgIkRtya tadudAharaNe ca kAryeNa zabdA. vahI hai, jo hamArA hai, yaha dUsarI bAta hai ki ruyyaka ne jisa lakSaNa ko svIkAra kiyA hai, usakI yojanA ThIka nahIM kI hai| rasikaraMjanIkAra isI bAta kA saMketa yoM karate haiM:__'nanu, sarvasvakArAdibhiH, 'kAryamukhena kAraNapratyAyanaM paryAyoka'mityukteH kathaM tadviruddhamatra tavaraNAbhidhAnamityAzaGkaya teSAmapyatraiva tAtparyamiti vadan tadIyayathAzrutatakSaNayojanamanupapaJcamityAha-( rasikaraMjanI pR0 139) _ 'una (jina) viSNu bhagavAn ne cakra ko prahAra ke lie dI gaI AjJA ke dvArA hI rAha kI striyoM kI ratikrIDA ko AliMgana ke dvArA uddAma vilAsa se rahita tathA kevala cumbanamAtrAvazeSa banA diyaa|' isa padya kI vyAkhyA meM ruyyaka ne lakSaNa ke anusAra lakSya kI mImAMsA na kara dUsare hI DhaMga kA anusaraNa karate hue kahA hai :-rAhUvadhUgata AliMganazUnya cumbana mAtrAvazeSa (viziSTena) rati krIDA (rUpa kArya) ke dvArA rAhU ke zira kA kATa denA (rAhuzirazcheda) yaha kAraNa rUpa artha vyajita ho rahA hai| isI prakAra lakSaNa ke 'gamyasyevAbhidhAnaM' pada kI anupapatti kI AzaMkA kara ruyyaka ne paryAyokta alaMkAra ke prakaraNa meM isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna karate hue kahA hai ki kAvya meM jo gamya (vyaMgya) artha hai, svayaM usakA hI abhidhAna nahIM pAyA jAtA, ataH usase bhinna rIti se usakA abhidhAna karane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki kAraNa (rUpa vyaMgya)kA kArya ke dvArA abhidhAna kiyA gayA ho| isa prakAra ruyyaka ne lakSaNa to ThIka diyA hai para udAharaNa kI vyAkhyA anyathA kI hai, tathA usameM kArya ke dvArA kAraNa kA kathana mAna liyA hai| TippaNI-ruyyaka ne kArya rUpa aprastuta se kAraNa rUpa prastuta kI vyaMjanA vAlI aprastuta prazaMsA tathA paryAyokta kI tulanA karate samaya isa padya ko udAhRta kara isakI jo vyAkhyA kI hai, vaha dIkSita ne 'rAha'gamyate' ke dvArA uddhRta kI hai| (de0 OM laMkArasarvasva pR0 135) paryAyokta ke prakaraNa meM gamya ke abhidhAnatva ke viSaya meM zaMkA uThAkara usakA samAdhAna karate hue ruyyaka ne nimna saMketa kiyA hai:___ 'yadeva gamyaM tasyaivAbhidhAne paryAyoktam / gamyasya sataH kathamabhidhAnamiti cet , gamyApekSayA prakArAntareNAbhidhAnasyAbhAvAt / nahi tasyaiva tadaiva tayaiva vicchityA gamyatvaM vAcyatvaM ca saMbhavati / ataH kAryamukhadvAreNAbhidhAnam / kAryAderapi tatra prastutatvena varNanAhatvAt / ( alaMkArasarvasva pR0 141-2) kintu locanakAra abhinavagupta ne isakA lakSaNa bhI kliSTarIti se banAyA hai :-'paryAyokta vahA~ hogA, jahA~ (vAcyavAcakabhAva se bhinna) kisI anya prakAra se vaktavya artha kI pratIti ho|' isI lakSaNa ko mAnakara usake udAharaNa meM zabda ke dvArA vAcyarUpa meM

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126 kuvalayAnandaH bhihitena kAraNaM vyaGgathaM pradazya tatra lakSaNaM lakSyanAma ca kliSTagatyA yojitam / vAcyAdanyena prakAreNa vyaGgayenopalakSitaM sadyadabhidhIyate tat payoyeNa prakArAntareNa vyaGgayenopalakSitamuktamiti sarvo'pyayaM klezaH kimartha iti na vidmH| pradarzitAni hi gamyasyaiva rUpAntareNAbhidhAne bahunyudAharaNAni | 'cakrAbhighAta. prasabhAjJayaiva' iti prAcInodAharaNamapi svarUpeNa gamyasya bhagavato rUpAntareNAbhidhAnasattvAtsuyojameva / yattu yatra rAhuzirazchedAvagamanaM tatra prAguktarItyA prastutAra eva / prastutena ca rAhoH ziromAtrAvazeSeNAliGganabandhyatvAdyApAdanarUpe vAcye bhagavato rUpAntare upapAdite, tena bhagavataH svarUpeNAvagamanaM .paryAyoktasya viSayaH / / 68 / / prayukta kArya ke dvArA kAraNa rUpa vyaMgya kI pratIti dikhAkara vahA~ lakSaNa tathA lakSya (paryAyokta isa alaMkAra kA) nAma kI kliSTarIti se yojanA kI gaI hai| jo artha vAcya se bhinna prakAra se arthAt vyaMgya ke dvArA upalakSita (viziSTa) banA kara kahA jAtA hai, vahI artha paryAya arthAt prakArAntara vyaMgya ke dvArA upalakSita viziSTa rUpa meM ukta hone ke kAraNa paryAyokta hotA hai / locanakAra kI isa sArI kliSTakalpanA kA koI kAraNa nahIM dikhAI pdd'taa| vastutaH yaha rUpAntara gamya (vyaMgyArtha) kA hI hotA hai, isa viSaya meM hamane anekoM udAharaNa de diye haiN| 'cakrAbhighAta' ityAdi prAcIna udAharaNa meM bhI svarUpataH gamya bhagavAn viSNu kA rUpAntara (bhaMgyaMtara) ke dvArA abhidhAna kiyA gayA hai| jahA~ taka isa padya ke dvArA 'rAhu ke zira ke kaTane' (rAhuzirazcheda)rUpa prastuta artha kI pratIti hotI hai, isa aMza meM prastutAMkura alaMkAra hogA (kyoMki prastuta AliMgana. zUnyatvAdi viziSTaM ratotsavarUpa kArya ke dvArA prastuta rAhuzirazcheda rUpa kAraNa kI pratIti ho rahI hai)| sAtha hI yahA~ prastuta-rAhuziromAtrAvazeSa (rAhu ke kevala sira hI bacA rahA hai) ke dvArA AliMganabandhyatva ko prApta karAne meM sAdhana rUpa vAcya meM bhagavAn viSNu ke rUpAMtara kI yojanA kI gaI hai, tathA isa rUpAMtara ke dvArA bhagavAn viSNu ke svarUpa kI vyaMjanA hotI hai, ataH yahA~ paryAyokta alaMkAra hai| TippaNI-locanakAra ne paryAyokta kA lakSaNa yaha diyA hai: paryAyoktaM yadanyena prakAreNAbhidhIyate / vAcyavAcakavRttibhyAMzUnyenAvagamAtmanA // (de0 locana pR0 117 ) locanakAra ne isakA udAharaNa yaha kiyA hai zatrucchede dRDhecchasya munerutpthgaaminH| rAmAsyAnena dhanuSA darzitA dharmadezanA // yahA~ bhISma kA pratApa parazurAma ke prabhAva ko bhI cunautI dene vAlA hai, yaha pratIti hotI hai| yaha 'darzitA dharmadezanA' isa abhidhIyamAnakArya ke dvArA abhihita kI gaI hai| isa prakAra abhinavagupta ne kArya rUpa vAcya ke dvArA kAraNa rUpa vyaMgya dikhAkara paryAyokta ke lakSaNa ko ghaTita kara diyA hai| locanakAra kA yaha mata yoM hai : ata eva paryAyeNa prakArAMtareNAvagamAtmanA vyaMgyenopalakSitaM sadyadabhidhIyate tadabhidhIyamAnamuktameva satparyAyoktamityabhidhIyata iti lakSaNapadam , paryAyoktamiti lakSyapadam / (locana pR0 118)

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paryAyoktAlaGkAraH 127 paryAyoktaM tadapyAhuryadvathAjeneSTasAdhanam / yAmi cUtalatAM draSTuM yuvAbhyAmAsyatAmiha // 6 // (bhAva yaha hai, ruyyaka isa padya meM pratIta vyaMgyArtha 'rAhu kA sira kATanA' rUpa kAraNa mAnate haiM, jo isa kArya ke dvArA abhihita kiyA gayA hai ki rAhu kI apanI patnI ke sAtha kI gaI rati krIDA aba kevala cumbanamAtra raha gaI, usameM AliMganAdi anya suratavidhiyA~ nahIM ho paatii| abhinavagupta meM jo udAharaNa tathA lakSaNayojanA pAI jAtI hai, usase bhI yahI patA calatA hai ki ve bhI kAryarUpa vAcaka se kAraNarUpa vyaMgya ke abhidhAna meM paryAyokta hI mAnate haiM / appaya dIkSita isa mata se sahamata nhiiN| ve 'rAhuzirazcheda' ko vyaMgya mAnane para prastutAMkura mAnate haiM, kyoMki yahA~ prastuta kArya (cumbanamAtrAvazeSa ratotsava) se prastuta kAraNa (rAhuzirazcheda) kI pratIti ho rahI hai| ataH paryAyokta alaMkAra mAnane para hameM yaha vyagya artha mAnanA hogA ki yahA~ rAhu ko AliMganabandhya banAne vAle svarUpa (isa vAcya) ke dvArA bhagavAn viSNu kI svayaM kI vyaMjanA kI gaI hai| yahA~ itanA saMketa kara denA Avazyaka hogA ki ruyyaka prastutAMkura alaMkAra nahIM mAnate / appayadIkSita ne ise nayA alaMkAra mAnA hai|) ___ 'tathA ca kAryeNa viziSTaratotsavena taskAraNasya rAhuzirazchedasyAvagamanaM prastutAMkura viSayaH / AliMganavaMdhyatvApAdakatvarUpavAcyasyopapAdanena bhagavato'vagamanaM paryAyoktasya viSaya iti bhaavH|' (rasikaraMjanI pR0 140) candrikAkAra ne dIkSita kI isa dalIla ko vyartha batalAyA hai, balki ve kahate haiM ki dIkSita ke isa vivAda meM kevala navIna yuktimAtra hai| dIkSita kA yaha kahanA ki bhagavAn viSNu kI svarUpataH vyaMjanA yahA~ camatkArI hai tathA yahI paryAyokta kA kSetra hai, ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki paryAyokta meM camatkAra vyaMgya saundaryajanita na hokara bhagyaMtara abhidhAna ( vAcyavAcaka zailI se bhinna zailI ke kathana ) ke kAraNa hotA hai / vyaMgyArtha to prAyaH sabhI jagaha bhaMgyaMtarAbhidhAna * ke kAraNa sundara hotA hI hai / ataH vyaMgya kA svayaM kA asaundarya ghoSita karanA vyartha hai| vastutaH mahattva bhaMgyantara abhidhAna kA hI hai, usI meM camatkAra hai| sAtha hI appaya dIkSita ko apane hI upajIvya ruyyaka kA virodhapradarzana zobhA nahIM detaa| yadi dIkSita ne yaha vicAra isalie prakaTa kiyA ho ki yaha eka naI yukti hai, to ruyyaka ke sAtha yuktivirodha pradarzita karanA dIkSita kA parotkarSAsahiSNutva ( dUsare ke utkarSa ko na saha sakane kI vRtti ) spaSTa karatA hai| ___ yatta bhagavadpeNAvagamanaM vizeSaNamaryAdAlabhyatvena sundaraM paryAyoktasya viSaya ititadavicAritaramaNIyam / nahi paryAyoktavyaMgyasaundaryakRto vicchittivizeSaH kintu bhaMgyanta. rAbhidhAnakRta eva / vyaMgya tu bhaMgyaMtarAbhidhAnataH sundarameva prAyazo dRzyate / yathA 'ihAgantavyam' iti vivakSite vyaMgye ayaMdezo'laMkaraNIyaH, saphalatAmupanetanya' ityAdau / ata: stadasundaratvodbhAvanamakiMcitkarameva / alaMkArasarvasvakAragranthavirodhodbhAvanaM tu tacchikSAkA. riNaM na zobhate / upajIvyatvodbhAvanamapi granthasyAkiMcitkarameva / yuktivirodha iti parotkarSAsahiSNutvamAtramudbhAvayitukhagamayatItyalaM vistareNa / ( candrikA pR0 95) ___ 69-jahA~ kisI (sundara ) bahAne (byAja) se (apane yA dUsare ke) iSTa kA saMpAdana kiyA jAyaM, arthAt jahA~ kisI sundara bahAne se apane yA kisI dUsare vyakti kA Ipsita kArya kiyA jAya, vahA~ bhI paryAyokta hotA hai / jaise, (koI sakhI nAyaka nAyikA ko eka dUsare se milAkara kisI bahAne vahA~ se nikalane kA upakrama karatI hai) maiM AmralatA ko dekhane jA rahI hU~, tuma donoM yahA~ vaiThe rho|'

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128 kuvalayAnandaH atra nAyikA nAyakena sAmayya cUtalatAdarzanavyAjena nirgacchantyA sakhyA tatsvAcchandyasaMpAdanarUpeSTasAdhanaM paryAyoktam / yathA vA dehi matkandukaM rAdhe! paridhAnanigRhitam / iti visraMsayanIvIM tasyAH kRSNo mude'stu nH|| pUrvatra pareSTasAdhanam , atra tu kandukasadbhAvazodhanArtha nIvIvipresanavyAjena sveSTasAdhanamiti bhedaH / / 66 // 30 vyAjastutyalaGkAraH uktiyAjastutinindAstutibhyo stutinindayoH / yahA~ nAyikA ko nAyaka se milAkara AmralatA ko dekhane ke bahAne vahA~ se khisakatI sakhI ne nAyaka-nAyikA ke svAcchandya (svacchaMdatA) rUpI abhIpsita vastu kA saMpAdana kiyA hai, ataH yahA~ paryAyokta alaMkAra hai| athavA jaise'he rAdhike, apane adhovastra meM chipAye hue mere geMda ko de do-isa prakAra kaha kara rAdhA kI nIbI ko DhIlI karate kRSNa hama logoM para prasanna hoN| pahale udAharaNa meM isa udAharaNa se yaha bheda hai ki vahA~ sakhI AmralatAdarzanavyAja se dUsare (nAyaka-nAyikA) ke iSTa kA sAdhana karatI hai, jaba ki yahA~ geMda ko DhUMDhane ke lie nIvI DhIlI karane ke bahAne kRSNa apane abhIpsita artha kA saMpAdana kara rahe haiN| TippaNI-paryAyokta alaGkAra meM ina donoM meM se koI eka bheda hotA hai| ataH paryAyokta kA sAmAnyalakSaNa yaha hogA ki jahA~ ina do prakAroM meM koI eka bheda ho, vahA~ paryAyokta hogaa| tabhI to candrikAkAra ne kahA hai:evaM ca prakAradvayasAdhAraNaM tadanyataratvaM sAmAnyalakSaNaM (paryAyoktatvaM ) bodhyam / (candrikA pR0 95 ) ( isameM koSThaka kA zabda merA hai / ) 30. vyAjastuti alaGkAra 70-71-jahA~ nindA athavA stuti ke dvArA kramazaH stuti athavA nindA kI vyaMjanA (kathana) ho, vahA~ vyAjastuti alaMkAra hotA hai| (eka artha meM 'vyAjastutiH' zabda kI vyutpatti 'vyAjena stutiH' hogI anya meM 'vyAjarUpA stutiH'| isa prakAra vyAjastuti moTe taura para tIna taraha kI hogI-(1) niMdA ke dvArA stuti kI vyaMjanA, (2) stuti ke dvArA nindA kI vyaMjanA, (3) stuti ke dvArA (anya kI) stuti kI vyaMjanA / yahA~ nindA se stuti tathA stuti se niMdA ke kramazaH do udAharaNa de rahe haiN|) TippaNI-vyAjastuti prathamataH do taraha kI hotI hai :-(1) vyAjena stutiH ( nindayA stutiH ), ( 2 ) vyAjarUpA stutiH| dUsare DhaMga kI vyAjarUpA stuti punaH do taraha kI hogI:(1) stutyA nindA. (2) ekasya stutyA anyasya stutiH| isa prakAra sarvaprathama vyAjastuti tIna taraha kI huI:-(1) nindA se stuti kI vyaMjanA (2) stuti ke dvArA nindA kI vyaMjanA tathA (3) eka kI stuti se dUsare kI stuti kI vyaMjanA / inameM prathama do prakAroM ke do-do bheda hote haiM: samAnaviSayaka tathA bhinnaviSayaka; aMtima prakAra kevala bhinnaviSayaka hI hotA hai / isa taraha

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vyAjastutyanadvAraH 126 . kaH svadhuni bivekaste pApino nayase divam // 70 // sAdhu dUti ! punaH sAdhu katavyaM kimataH param / yanmadarthe vilUnAsi dantairapi nakhairapi // 71 // nindayA stuteH stutyA nindAyA vA avagamanaM vyAjastutiH / 'kaH svadhuni' ityudAharaNe 'viveko nAsti' iti nindAvyAjena 'gaGgA sukRtivadeva mahApAta. kAdikRtavato'pi svarga nayatIti vyAjarUpayA nindayA ttprbhaavaatishystutiH| 'sAdhu dUti' ityudAharaNe 'madarthe mahAntaM klezamanubhUtavatyasi' iti vyAjarUpayA stutyA, 'madartha na gatAsi, kiMtu rantumeva gatAsi; dhiktvAM dUtikAdharmaviruddhakAriNIm' iti nindA'vagamyate / yathA vA kaste zauryamado yoddhaM tvayyekaMsaptimAsthite / saptasaptisamArUDhA bhavanti pripnthinH|| vyAjastuti pAMca taraha kI hotI hai / jahA~ eka kI nindA se dUsare kI nindA pratIta hotI hai arthAt vyAjastuti ke pazcama bheda kA virodhI rUpa pratIta hotA hai, vahA~ vyAjastuti pada kA artha ThIka nahIM baiThatA, ata: use alaga se alaMkAra mAnA gayA hai, jo vakSyamANa vyAjanindA alaMkAra hai| vyAja stuti alaMkAra kA sAmAnya lakSaNa yaha hai : 'vyAjanindAbhinnatve sati stutinindAnyataraparyavasAyistutinindAnyatamatvaM byaajstutisvm|' isa lakSaNa meM vyAjanindA kI ativyApti rokane ke lie jyAjanindA-bhinnatve sati' kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| ___ 1. he gaMge, patA nahIM yaha terI kauna sI buddhimattA hai ki tU pApiyoM ko svarga pahu~cAtI hai| (nindayA stutiH) 2. he dUti, tUne bahuta acchA kiyA, isase bar3ha kara aura terA kyA kartavya thA kitU mere liye dAMtoM aura nAkhUnoM se kATI gii| (stutyA nindA) jahA~ nindA ke dvArA stuti kI vyaMjanA ho athavA stuti ke dvArA niMdA kI, vahA~ vyAja stuti alaMkAra hotA hai| 'kaH svadhuni' ityAdi zlokAdha nindA ke dvArA stuti kI myaMjanA kA udAharaNa hai, yahA~ 'tujhe bilakula samajha nahIM hai' isa nindA ke vyAja se isa bhAva kI vyaJjanA karAI gaI hai ki 'gaMgA puNyazAliyoM kI taraha mahApApiyoM ko bhI svarga pahu~cAtI hai' isa prakAra yahA~ byAjarUpA nindA ke dvArA gaMgA ke atizaya mAhAtmya kI stuti vyakSita kI gaI hai| 'sAdhu dUti' isa udAharaNa meM 'tUne mere liye bar3A kaSTa pAyA' yaha stuti vAcya hai, isa vyAjarUpA stuti ke dvArA isa nindA kI vyaJjanA hotI hai ki 'tU mere lie vahA~ na gaI thI, kintu usa nAyaka ke sAtha svayaM hI ramaNa karane gaI thI, datI ke kartavya ke viruddha AcaraNa karane vAlI tujhe dhikAra hai| (inameM prathama 'nindA se stuti vAlI vyAjastuti hai, dUsarI stuti se nindA vaalii|) inhIM ke kramazaH anya udAharaNa upanyasta karate haiM: (nindA se stuti kI vyajanA kA udAharaNa) koI kavi rAjA kI prazaMsA kara rahA hai:- are rAjan , tU vIratA kA varSa kyoM karatA hai, 6 kuva0

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130 kuvalayAnandaH adhaM dAnavavairiNA girijayA'pyardha zivasyAhRtaM devetthaM jagatItale smaraharAbhAve samunmIlati / gaGgA sAgaramambaraM zazikalA nAgAdhipaH damAtalaM sarvajJatvamadhIzvaratvamagamattvAM, mAM ca bhikSATanam / / atrAdyodAharaNe saptasaptipadagatazleSamUlanindAvyAjena stutiya'jyate / dvitIyodAharaNe 'sarvajJaH sarvezvaro'si' iti rAjJaH stutyA 'madIyavaidaSyAdi dAridrayAdi sarva jAnannapi bahupradAnena rakSituM sakto'pi mahyaM kimapi na dadAsi' iti nindA vyajyate / sarvamidaM nindA-stutyorekaviSayatve udAharaNam / terA zauryamada vyartha hai| jaba tU lar3ane ke lie eka ghor3e para savAra hotA hai, to tere zatru rAjA sAta ghor3oM (saptasapti-sUrya) para savAra ho jAte haiN|' yahA~ 'tU to eka hI ghor3e para savAra hotA hai, aura tere zatru rAjA sAta ghor3oM para savAra hote haiM-isa prakAra tere zatru rAjAoM kI viziSTa vIratA ke rahate terA zauryadarpa vyartha hai' yaha vAcyArtha hai, isa vAcyArtha meM rAjA kI nindA kI gaI hai kintu kavi kA abhISTa rAjA kI niMdA karanA na hokara stuti karanA hai, ataH yahA~ isa rAjaparaka stuti kI vyaMjanA hotI hai ki 'jyoMhI tuma yuddha ke lie ghor3e para savAra hote ho, tyoMhI tumhAre zatru rAjA vIragati pAkara sUrya maNDala kA bheda kara dete haiM, ataH tumhArI vIratA dhanya hai|' yahAM 'saptasapti' pada meM zleSa hai / dekhiyedvAvetau puruSavyAghra sUryamaNDalabhedinau / parivADa yogayuktazca raNe cAbhimukho hataH // ) (stuti ke dvArA nindA kI vyaMjanA kA udAharaNa ) koI daridra kavi rAjA kI kRpaNatA kI niMdA karatA kaha rahA haiH- 'he rAjan , zivajI ke zarIra kA AdhA bhAga to daityoM ke zatru viSNu ne chIna liyA aura bAkI AdhA (vAma) bhAga pArvatI ne le liyaa| isa prakAra saMsAra kAmadeva ke zatru ziva se rahita ho gyaa| ziva ke abhAva meM ziva ke pAsa kI samasta vastue~ dUsare logoM ke pAsa calI gii| gaMgA samudra meM calI gaI, candramA kI kalA AkAza meM jA basI, sarparAja pAtAla meM ghusa gayA, sarvajJatva tathA adhIzvaratva (prabhutva) tumhAre pAsa AyA aura zivajI kA bhikSATana (bhIkha mA~ganA) mujhe milaa| yahA~ rAjA ziva ke samAna sarvajJa tathA sarvezvara hai, yaha stuti vAcyArtha hai, kintu isase yaha nindA vyaJjita ho rahI hai ki 'tuma merI daridratA ko jAnate ho tathA usako haTAne meM samartha ho, phira bhI bar3e kaMjUsa ho ki merI daridratA ko nahIM httaate'|) ___ yahA~ pahale udAharaNa meM 'saptasapti' pada meM prayukta zleSa ke dvArA nindA ke vyAja se stuti kI vyaJjanA ho rahI hai| dUsare udAharaNa meM 'tuma sarvajJa tathA sarvezvara ho' isa rAja. paraka vyAjarUpA stuti ke dvArA 'tuma merI vidvattA tathA daridratA Adi saba kucha jAnate ho, phira bhI bahuta sA dAna dekara merI rakSA karane meM samartha hone para bhI kucha bhI dAna nahIM dete, yaha niMdA vyaMjita hotI hai| ye niMdA tathA stuti ke samAnaviSayatva (ekaviSayatva ) ke udAharaNa haiM, arthAt yahA~ usI vyakti kI nindA yA stuti se usI vyakti kI stuti yA _nindA vyaMjita ho rahI hai|

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vyAjastutyalaGkAraH bhinnaviSayatve nindayA stutyabhivyaktiryathAkastvaM vAnara !, rAmarAjabhavane lekhArthasaMvAhako, yAtaH kutra purAgataH sa hanumAnnirdagdhalaGkApuraH ?-1 baddho rAkSasasUnuneti kapibhiH saMtADitastarjitaH savrIDAttaparAbhavo vanamRgaH kutreti na jJAyate // atra hanumannindayA itarvAnarastutyabhivyaktiH / 131 TippaNI- uparyukta do prakAra kI vyAjastuti se itara vyAjastuti bhedoM ke mAnane kA paMDitarAja ne khaMDana kiyA hai / 'evaM sthite kuvalayAnandakartA stutinindAbhyAM vaiyadhikaraNyena nindAstusyoH stutinindayoasar me prakAra catuSTayaM vyAjastuteryadadhikamuktaM tadapAstam / ' ( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 561 ) sAtha hI ve dIkSita ke dvArA udAhRta 'ardha dAnavavairiNA bhicATanam ' padya ko vyAjastuti kA udAharaNa nahIM maante| kyoMki yahA~ 'sAdhu dUti' ityAdi padya meM jisa taraha sAdhukAriNItva bAdhita ho kara stuti rUpa vAcya se niMdA rUpa vyaMgya kI pratIti karAne meM samartha hai, vaise rAjA ke lie prayukta sarvajJatva tathA adhIzvaratva bAdhita nahIM jAna par3atA / ataH isa padya se rAjA kI upAlaMbharUpa niMdA kI pratIti hI nahIM hotI / 'sAdhudUti punaH sAdhu' iti padye sAdhukAriNItvamiva nAsminpadye sarvajJatvamadhIzvaratvaM ca vidyudbhaGgura pratibhamiti zakya vaktum / upAlambharUpAyAH nindAyA anutthAnApatteH pratItivirodhAcceti sahRdayairAkalanIyaM kimuktaM draviDapuGgaveneti / ( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 563 ) yahA~ rasagaMgAdharakAra ne 'draviDapuMgavena' kaha kara dIkSita kI mUrkhatA ( puMgavatva ) para kaTAkSa kiyA hai| nAgeza ne rasagaMgAdhara kI TIkA meM dIkSita ke mata kI punaH sthApanA kI hai| ve batAte haiM ki isa padya meM vaktRvaiziSTaya Adi ke kAraNa rAjastuti se rAjaniMdA kI pratIti hotI hI hai, ataH sarvazatva tathA adhIzvaratva meM vidyudbhaGgura pratibhatva pAyA hI jAtA hai / 'aticirakAlaM kRtayA sevayA duHkhitasya tato'prAptadhanasya bhikSo rAjasevAM tyaktumichata IdRzavAkye vaktRvaiziSTyAdisahakAreNApAtapratIyamAnastuternindAparyavasAyitayA kurapratibhatvamastyeveti samyagevoktaM draviDaziromaNinA / ' (gurumarma prakAza - vahI pR0 563 ) vidyudbha vyAjastuti meM yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki eka vyakti kI nindA yA stuti se dUsare vyakti kI stuti yA nindA vyaJjita hotI ho / isa prakAra bhinnaviSayaka nindA se stuti kI vyaJjanA kA udAharaNa nimna padya hai : ( laMkA ke rAkSasa aGgada se hanumAn ke viSaya meM pUcha rahe haiM aura aGgada hanumAn kI nindA kara anya vAnaroM kI prazaMsA vyaJjita kara rahA hai / ) 'he vAnara, tuma kauna ho,' 'maiM rAjA rAma ke bhavana meM lekhAdi saMdeza kA vAhaka (dUta) hU~ / ' 'vaha hanumAn jo yahA~ pahale AyA thA aura jisane laMkApurI ko 'jalAyA thA, kahA~ gayA ?" 'use rAvaNa ke putra meghanAda ne pAza meM bA~dha liyA thA, isalie anya vAnaroM ne use phaTakArA aura pITA, lajjita hokara vaha baMdara kahA~ gayA, isakA kucha bhI patA nahIM / ' yahA~ hanumAn kI nindA vAcyArtha hai, isake dvArA anya vAnaroM kI stuti kI vyaMjanA ho rahI hai /

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132 www~~ stutyA nindAbhivyaktiryathA kuvalayAnandaH yadvaktraM muhurIkSasena, dhaninAM brUSe na cATUnmRSA, naiSAM garvavacaH zRNoSi na ca tAnpratyAzayA dhAvasi / kAle bAlatRNAni khAdasi, paraM nidrAsi nidrAgame, tanme brUhi kuraGga ! kutra bhavatA kiM nAma taptaM tapaH ? // atra hariNastutyA rAjasevA nirviNNasyAtmano nindAbhivyajyate / ayamaprastutaprazaMsAvizeSa ityalaGkAra sarvasvakAraH / tena hi sArUpyanibandhanAprastuta prazaM sodAharaNAntaraM vaidharmyeNApi dRzyate / yathA dhanyAH khalu vane vAtAH kAhlArAH sukhazItalAH / rAmamindIvarazyAmaM ye spRzantyanivAritAH // atra 'vAtA dhanyAH' ityaprastutArthAt 'ahamadhanyaH' iti vaidhamryeNa prastuto'rthaH pratIyata iti vyutpAditam / iyamevAprastutaprazaMsA na kAryakAraNanibandhaneti daNDI / yadAha kAvyAdarza ( 23 / 40 ) - bhinnaviSayaka stuti se nindA kI abhivyaJjanA kA udAharaNa, jaise 'he hirana, batAo to sahI, tumane aisA kauna sA tapa kahA~ kiyA hai ki tumheM dhanikoM kA mu~ha bAra-bAra nahIM dekhanA par3atA, na jhUThI cATukAritA hI karanI par3atI hai, na tumheM inakA garvavacana hI sunanA par3atA hai, na AzA ke kAraNa inake pIche daur3anA hI par3atA hai| tuma sacamuca saubhAgyazAlI ho ki samaya para tAjA ghAsa khAte ho aura nidrA ke samaya nidrA kA anubhava karate ho / ' yahA~ hirana kI stuti vAcyArtha hai, kiMtu kavi kI vivakSA hirana kI stuti meM na hokara rAjasevA se dukhI apanI AtmA kI nindA meM hai, ataH hariNastuti se bhinnaviSayaka svAtmanindA vyajita hotI hai| jahA~ bhinnaviSayaka stuti yA niMdA kI vyaMjanA hotI hai, vahI~ alaMkArasarvasvakAra ke mata se aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra kA hI prakAra vizeSa hotA hai| ruyyaka ne sArUpyanibandhanA aprastutaprazaMsA ke sAdharmyagata udAharaNoM ke upanyasta karane bAda inakA vaidharmyagata udAharaNa bhI darzAyA hai, jaise nimna padya meM ke rAma-vanagamana ke bAda dazaratha kaha rahe haiM :- kamaloM kI sugandha ko lekara bahane vAle zItala sukhada vana ke pavana dhanya haiM, jo binA kisI rokaToka ke indIvara kamala ke samAna zyAma rAmacandra kA sparza karate haiM / ' isa padya meM 'vAtA dhanyAH' isa aprastuta vAcyArtha ke dvArA 'maiM adhanya hU~' isa prastuta vyaMgyArtha kI pratIti vaidharmya ke kAraNa hotI hai, isa prakAra ruyyaka ne bhinnaviSayaka vyAja - stuti vAle udAharaNoM meM vaidharmyagata sArUpyanibandhanA aprastutaprazaMsA mAnI hai / TippaNI- 'tena hi' ke bAda se lekara ' iti vyutpAditam' ke pUrva kA uddharaNa alaMkAra sarvasvakAra yyaka kA mata hai, jo aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra ke prakaraNa meM yoM pAyA jAtA hai| etAni sAdhamryodAharaNAni / vaidharmyeNa yathA 1 dhanyAH khalu vane vAtAH kahAra sparzazItalAH / rAmamindIvarazyAmaM ye spRzantyanivAritAH /

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vyAjastutyalabAraH 'aprastutaprazaMsA syAdaprakANDe tu yA stutiH| sukhaM jIvanti hariNA vaneSvaparasevinaH // annairayatnasulabhaistRNadarbhAkurAdibhiH / seyamaprastutaivAtra mRgavRttiH prazasyate // rAjAnuvartanaklezanirviNNena manasvinA // ' iti / vastutastu-atra vyAjastutirityeva yuktam , stutyA nindAbhivyaktirityapra. stutaprazaMsAto vaicitryavizeSasadbhAvAt / anyathA prasiddhavyAjastutyudAharaNeSvapyaprastutAbhyAM nindA-stutibhyAM prastute stuti-ninde gamyete ityetAvatA vyAjastutimAtramaprastutaprazaMsA syAt / evaM cAnayA prakriyayA yatrAnyagatastutivivakSayA'nyastutiH kriyate, tatrApi vyAjastutireva; anyastutivyAjena tadanyastutirityathAnugamasadbhAvAt / yathAzikhariNi ka nu nAma kiyacciraM kimabhidhAnamasAvakarottapaH / taruNi ! yena tavAdharapATalaM dazati bimbaphalaM shukshaavkH|| atra vAtA dhanyA ityaprastutAdAdahamadhanya iti vaidhamryeNa prastuto'rthaH prtiiyte| ( alaMkArasarvasva pU0 137) daNDI ne bhI kAvyAdarza meM ise aprastutaprazaMsA hI mAnA hai| unake mata se aprastuta prazaMsA yahI hai, (tathAkathita) kAryakAraNanibaMdhanA aprastutaprazaMsA ko aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra nahIM mAnanA cAhie / jaisA ki daNDI ne kahA hai :_ 'aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra vahIM hotA hai, jahA~ binA kisI prastAva ke kisI kI stuti kI jAya, jaise isa udAharaNa meM / 'kisI dUsare kI sevA na karane vAle hariNa sukha se jI rahe haiM, jo ayatna-sulabha jala-dAMkura Adi se jIvana nirvAha karate haiN|' yahA~ aprastuta prazaMsA alaMkAra hI pAyA jAtA hai, kyoMki yahA~ aprastuta mRgavRtti kI prazaMsA pAI jAtI hai, yaha prazaMsA usa manasvI vyakti ne kI hai, jo rAjasevA karane ke duHkha se khinna ho cukA hai| - appaya dIkSita daNDI ke mata se sahamata nahIM haiM unake mata se yahA~ vyAjastuti alaMkAra hI hai, kyoMki yahA~ prastutaprazaMsA se yaha viziSTa camatkAra pAyA jAtA hai ki yahA~ stuti se niMdA kI myaMjanA pAI jAtI hai| yadi aisA na mAneMge to vyAjastuti ke tasat prasiddha udAharaNoM meM jahA~ aprastuta niMdAstuti ke dvArA prastuta stuti-niMdA kI vyaJjanA hotI hai, itane se kAraNa se hI samasta byAjastuti aprastuta prazaMsA ho jaaygii| anyagata stutiniMdA ke dvArA anyagata niMdAstuti kI vyaMjanA kA prakAra mAnane para jahA~ anyagata stuti abhISTa (vivakSita) hone para anyastuti vAcyarUpa meM pAI jAya, vahA~ bhI byAja. stuti alaMkAra hogaa| yahA~ 'anyastuti ke vyAja se anyastuti kI vyaMjanA' isa prakAra 'vyAjastuti' zabda kI vyutpatti karane para lakSyanAma kA artha ThIka baiTha jAtA hai| isa bheda kA udAharaNa nimna hai:____ koI rasika kisI sundarI se kaha rahA hai :-'he yuvati, batAo to sahI isa sugge ne kisa parvata para, kitane dinoM, kauna sA tapa kiyA thA, ki yaha tumhAre adhara ke samAna lAla raMga ke bimbaphala ko cakha rahA hai|'

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134 kuvalayAnandaH atra zukazAvakastutyA nAyikAdhara saubhAgyA tizayastutirvyajyate // 71 // 31 vyAjanindAlaGkAraH nindAyA nindayA vyaktirvyAjanindeti gIyate / vidhe ! sa nindyo yaste prAgekamevAharacchiraH // 27 // atra haranindayA viSamavipAkaM saMsAraM pravartayato vidherabhivyatayA nindA vyAjanindA | yathA vA vidhireva vizeSagarhaNIyaH, karaTa ! tvaM raTa, kastavAparAdhaH ? | sahakAratarau cakAra yaste sahavAsaM saralena kokilena // anyastutyA'nyastutyabhivyaktiriti pacamaprakAravyAjastutipratibandIbhUte yaM ( yahA~ 'tumhAre adhara ke samAna biMbAphala ko cakhanA hI bahuta bar3A saubhAgya hai, to tumhAre adhara kA cumbana to usase bhI bar3A saubhAgya hai' yaha vyaMgyArtha pratIta hotA hai / ) yahA~ zukazAvaka kI stuti ( vAcyArtha ) ke dvArA rasika yuvaka nAyikA ke adhara ke saubhAgya kI atizaya utkRSTatA kI stuti kI vyaJjanA karA rahA hai / 31. vyAjaniMdA alaMkAra 72 - jahA~ eka vyakti kI niMdA ke dvArA anya vyakti kI niMdA vyaMjita ho, vahA~ vyAjaniMdA kahalAtI hai / jaise, he brahman, vaha vyakti niMdanIya hai, jisane pahale tumhArA eka hI sira kATa liyA thA / yahA~ vAcyarUpa meM ziva kI nindA pratIta hotI hai ki unhoMne brahmA ke sira ko kATa diyA, kiMtu isa zivaniMdA ke dvArA kavi dAruNa pariNAmarUpa saMsAra kI racanA karane vAle brahmA kI niMdA bhI karanA cAhatA hai, ataH yahA~ vyAjaniMdA alaMkAra hai / athavA jaise 'he kauve, tU cillAyA kara, terA aparAdha hI kyA hai ? yadi koI vizeSa niMdanIya hai to vaha tU nahIM svayaM brahmA hI haiM, jinhoMne sarala prakRti ke kokila ke sAtha Ama ke per3a para terA nivAsa sthAna banAyA / ' (yahA~ aprastuta brahmA kI niMdA ke dvArA prastuta kauve kI niMdA kI vyaMjanA hotI hai, ataH yahA~ vyAjaniMdA alaMkAra hai / ) TippaNI- rasikaraMjanIkAra ne isakA eka udAharaNa yaha bhI diyA hai, jo kisI bhagavantarAyasaciva kA padya hai : -- anapAyamapAsya puSpavRkSaM kariNaM nAzraya bhRGga ! dAnalobhAt / abhimUDha, sa eSa karNatAlairabhihanyAdyadi jIvitaM kutaste // yahA~ aprastuta bhramara kI niMdA ke dvArA kisI hiMsraka svabhAva vAle vyakti kI sevA karate mUrkha kI niMdA kI vyaMjanA ho rahI hai, ataH isa padya meM bhI vyAjaniMdA alaMkAra hai / anyastuti ke dvArA anyastuti kI vyaMjanA vAle vyAjastuti ke pA~cave prakAra kA ThIka ulaTA rUpa isa vyAjaniMdA meM pAyA jAtA hai| paMcama prakAra kI vyAjastuti tathA vyAjaniMdA ke

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135 vyAjanindA | nanu yatrAnyastutyA'nyastuteranyanindayA'nyanindAyAzca pratItistatra vyAjastuti vyAjanindAlaGkArayorabhyupagame stutinindArUpA prastutaprazaMsodAharaNeSvaprastutaprazaMsA na vaktavyA / teSAmapi vyAjastuti - vyAjanindAbhyAM kroDIkArasaMbhavAditi cet, - ucyate; yatrAprastutavRttAntAt stutinindArUpAttatsarUpaH prastutavRttAntaH pratIyate, 'antaridrANi bhUyAMsi' ityAdau, tatra labdhAvakAzA sArUpyanibandhanA'prastutaprazaMsA, atrApi vartamAnA nivArayituM zakyA / anyastutyA'nyastutiranyanindayA'nyanindetyevaM vyAjastuti - vyAjaninde api saMbhavatazcet, - kAmaM te api saMbhavetAm ; na tvasyAH parityAgaH / yadyapi 'vidhi - reva vizeSagarhaNIya' iti zloke vidhinindayA tanmUlakAkanindayA cAvizeSajJasya prabhostena ca vidvatsamatayA sthApitasya mUrkhasya ca nindA pratIyata iti tatra sArUpyanibandhanA'prastutaprazaMsApyasti tathApi saiva vyAjanindAmUleti prathamopasthitA sApi tatra durvArA, evaM ca vyAjanindAmUlakavyAjanindArUpeyamaprastutaprazaMseti camatkArAtizayaH evameva vyAjastutimUlakavyAjastutirUpA'pyaprastutaprazaMsA dRzyate / vyAjanindAlaGkAraH ww 3 prakaraNa meM pUrvapakSI ko eka zaMkA hotI hai: - 'jahA~ eka vyakti kI stuti se dUsare kI stuti vyaMjita hotI hai vahA~ vyAjastuti alaMkAra mAnA jAtA hai tathA jahA~ eka vyakti kI niMdA se dUsare kI niMdA vyaMjita hotI hai vahA~ vyAjaniMdA alaMkAra' - to phira stutiniMdA rUpa aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra ke udAharaNoM meM bhI yahI alaMkAra hogA, phira vahA~ aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra nahIM mAnanA cAhie, kyoMki ve bhI vyAjastuti tathA vyAjaniMdA antarbhUta ho jaayNge|' isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna siddhAMtapakSI yoM karatA hai: - 'jahA~ stuti yA niMdArUpa aprastutavRttAnta ke dvArA usake samAna ( tulya) hI stuti yA niMdArUpa prastutavRttAnta vyaMjita hotA ho, jaise 'antarikadrANi bhUyAMsi' ityAdi udAharaNa meMvahA~ sArUpyanibaMdhanA aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra avazya hogA, sAtha hI ina donoM sthaloM meM ( vyAjastuti ke paMcama bheda tathA vyAjaniMdA ke udAharaNoM meM ) bhI aprastutaprazaMsA kA astitva niSiddha nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| yadi pUrvapakSI punaH yaha zaMkA kare ki yahA~ anyastuti se anyastuti tathA anyaniMdA se anyaniMdA kI vyaMjanA ke kAraNa vyAjastuti yA vyAjaniMdA alaMkAra bhI hogA, to koI burA nahIM, ve alaMkAra bhI mAne jAya~ge, isase aprastutaprazaMsA kA tyAga nahIM ho jAtA / yadyapi 'vidhireSa vizeSagarhaNIyaH' ityAdi padya brahmA kI niMdA ke dvArA kauve kI niMdA vyaMjita hotI hai tathA una donoM ke dvArA mUrkha svAmI tathA usake dvArA vidvAnoM ke samAna sammAnita mUrkha, donoM kI niMdA bhI vyaMjita ho rahI hai, isa prakAra aprastuta vidhi- kAkavRttAnta se prastuta mUrkhaprabhu vaidheyavRttAnta vyaMjita ho rahA hai, ataH yahA~ sArUpyanibaMdhanA aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra bhI pAyA jAtA hai, tathApi aprastutaprazaMsA kA AdhAra vyAjaniMdA hI hai, ataH prathamataH pratIta vyAjaniMdA kA bhI nivAraNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, isI taraha yahA~ vyAjaniMdAmUlaka vyAjaniMdArUpA aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra hai, ataH yaha vizeSa camatkArI hai / isI taraha vyAjastutimUlaka vyAjastutirUpA aprastutaprazaMsA bhI pAI jAtI hai / vyAjaniMdA kA dUsarA udAharaNa yaha hai :TippaNI- 'antarichadrANi bhUyAMsi' Adi udAharaNa kI vyAkhyA aprastutaprazaMsA ke prakaraNa meM dekhiye /

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136 ww yathA vA kuvalayAnandaH lAvaNyadraviNavyayo na gaNitaH, klezo mahAnarjitaH, svacchandaM carato janasya hRdaye cintAjvaro nirmitaH / eSApi svaguNAnurUparama NAbhAvAdvarAkIhatA, asardara vedhasA vinihitastanvImimAM tanvatA ? // atrAprastutAyAstaruNyAH sRSTinindAvyAjena tannindAvyAjena ca tatsaundaryaprazaMsA prazaMsanIyatvena kavivivakSitAyAH svakavitAyAH kavinindAvyAjena tannindAvyAjena ca zabdArthacamatkArAtizayaprazaMsAyAM paryavasyasti / asya zlokasya vAcyArthaviSaye yadyapi nAtyantasAmaJjasyaM, na hIme vikalpA vItarAgasyeti kalpayituM zakyam ; rasAnanuguNatvAt, vItarAgahRdayasyApyevaMvidhaviSayeSvapravRttezva | nApi rAgiNa iti yujyate / tadIyavikalpeSu varAkIti kRpaNatAliGgitasya hatetyamaGgalopahitasya ca vacaso'nucitatvAttulyaramaNAbhAvAdityasyAtyantamanucitatvAcca svAtmani tadanurUparUpAsaMbhAvanAyAmapi rAgitve hi pazuprAyatA syAt ; 'patA nahIM isa sundaro kI racanA karate samaya brahmA ne kauna sA abhISTa hRdaya meM rakhA thA, ki unhoMne isakI racanA karate samaya sauMdaryarUpI dhana ke vyaya kA koI vicAra na kiyA, mahAn kleza sahA, tathA svacchanda vicaraNa karate manuSya ke hRdaya meM ciMtArUpI vara ko utpanna kara diyA, isa para bhI becArI isa suMdarI ko apane samAna vara bhI na mila pAyA aura yaha vyartha hI mArI gaI / ' yahA~ aprastutarUpa meM suMdarI kI sRSTi kI niMdA kI gaI hai tathA usake dvArA svayaM sundarI kI niMdA vyaMjita honI hai; yahA~ sundarIsRSTiniMdA tathA tanmUlaka suMdarIniMdA ke vyAja se usake saundarya kI prazaMsA vyaMjita hotI hai, isI padya meM kavi ke dvArA vivakSita apanI kavitA ke prazaMsanIya hone ke kAraNa, kavi kI niMdA ke vyAja tathA kavitA kI niMdA ke vyAja se kavitA ke zabdArthacamatkAra kI utkRSTatA kI prazaMsA vyaMjita hotI hai / isa padya meM vAcyArtharUpa sundaroviSaya meM vAcyAtha ThIka taraha ghaTita nahIM hotA, kyoMki aisA nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki yaha vikalpamaya ukti kisI vItarAga virAgI kI ho, kyoMki aisA mAnane para rasavirodha hogA, sAtha hI vItarAga ke hRdaya meM bhI isa prakAra ke vikalpa nahIM uTha sakate; sAtha hI aisI vikalpamaya ukti kisI zRGgArI yuvaka kI bhI nahIM ho sakatI, kyoMki zRGgArI yuvaka ke mu~ha se 'varAkI' isa prakAra sundarI kI tucchatA kA dyotaka pada tathA 'hatA' isa prakAra amaMgala bodhaka pada kA prayoga ThIka nahIM hai, sAtha hI zRGgArI yuvaka ke dvArA 'tulyaramaNAbhAvAt' kahanA aura adhika anucita hai, kyoMki yadi vaha apane Apako usake ayogya samajha kara bhI usake prati anurakta hai, to phira yaha to pazutulya AcaraNa huA ( isase to zRGgArI yuvaka kI sahRdayatA lupta ho jAtI haiM ) - ataH isa mImAMsA se hama isa niSkarSa para pahu~cate haiM ki yahA~ vAcyArtha ThIka taraha ghaTita nahIM hotA / yadyapi prAgukta saraNi se padya kA vAcyArtha meM pUrNataH sAmaMjasya ghaTita nahIM hotA, tathApi vivakSita prastuta artha ( kavitAgata prastuta vyaMgyArtha ) ke viSaya meM koI asAmaMjasya nahIM hai, isa pakSa meM padya kA vyaMgyArtha pUrI taraha ThIka baiTha jAtA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki yahA~ vAcyArtha ke asamaMjasa hone para bhI prAcIna vidvAnoM ne aprastuprazaMsA

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AkSepAladvArA 130 tathApi vivakSitaprastutArthatAyAM na kiMcidasAmaJjasyam / ata evAsya zlokasyAprastutataprazaMsAparatvamuktaM prAcIna:-'vAcyAsaMbhave'pyaprastutaprazaMsopapatteH' iti||72|| 32 AkSepAlaGkAraH AkSepaH svayamuktasya pratiSedhA vicAraNAt / candra ! saMdarzayAtmAnamathavAsti priyAmukham // 73 // atra prArthitasya candradarzanasya priyAmukhasattvenAnarthakyaM vicAryAthavetyAdisU. citaH pratiSedha aakssepH| yathA vA___ sAhityapAthonidhimanthanotthaM karNAmRtaM rakSata he kavIndrAH ! / alaMkAra mAnA hai, kyoMki yahA~ vAcyArtha ke asaMbhava hone para aprastuta ke dvArA prastuta kI vyaMjanA hone ke kAraNa aprastutaprazaMsA utpanna ho hI jAtA hai| TippaNI-vAcyAsaMbhave'pi vAcyasAmaMjasyAsaMbhave'pi / tathA ca vAcyArthAsAmaMjasyamevAsphuTe'pi prastutArthe tAtparya gamayatIti bhAvaH / ( candrikA pR0 101) candrikAkAra ne ise aura spaSTa karate hue kahA hai ki isa padya meM vAcyArthAsAmaJjasya hI vastutaH asphuTa prastuta ya'gyArtha ko pratIti meM sahAyatA karatA hai| kyoMki jaba hama dekhate haiM ki padya kA vAcyArtha pUrI taraha ThIka nahIM baiThatA, to hama socate haiM ki kavi kA vivakSita vyaMgya avazya koI dUsarA hai, jisameM asAmaMjasya nahIM hogA aura isa prakAra hama vyaMgyAyapratIti kI ora agrasara hote haiN| 32. zrAkSepa alaMkAra ___73-jahA~ svayaM kahI huI bAta kA, kisI vizeSa kAraNa ko soca kara, pratiSedha kiyA jAya, use AkSepa alaMkAra kahate haiN| jaise, he candra, apanA mukha dikhAo, athavA ( rahane bhI do)preyasI kA mukha hai hii| TippaNI-ruyyaka ke matAnusAra AkSepa kI paribhASA yoM hai, jo vastutaH dIkSita ke dvitIya prakAra ke AkSepa kI paribhASA hai :uktavaSayamANayoHprAkaraNikayorvizeSapratityartha niSedhAbhAsa AkSepaH / (alaMkAra sa0 pR0 144 ) paMDitarAja jagannAtha ne isakI tattat AlaMkArikoM dvArA sammata kaI paribhASAe dI haiM : (de0 rasagaMgAdhara pR0 563-565) (yahA~ pahale candradarzana kI prArthanA kI gaI hai, kintu bAda meM vaktA ko yaha vicAra ho AyA hai ki candradarzana se bhI adhika Anandra preyasI ke vadana-darzana se prApta ho sakatA hai, isalie candradarzana vyartha hai| ataH vaha candra-darzana kA niSedha karatA hai|) __yahA~ prArthita mukha candradarzana kI sthiti priyAmukha kA astitva hone ke kAraNa vyartha hai, isa bAta ko vicAra kara 'athavA' ityAdi ke dvArA niSedha sUcita kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha AkSepa hai| athavA jaisevilhaNa ke vikramAMkadevacArata kI prastAvanA ke patha haiM:'he kavIndro, sAhityarUpI samudra ke maMthana se utpanna kAmya kI, jo kAnoM ke lie

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138 kuvalayAnandaH ~~ yattasya daityA iva luNThanAya kAvyArtha corAH praguNIbhavanti // gRhNantu sarve yadi vA yathecchaM nAsti kSatiH kApi kavIzvarANAm | ratneSu lupteSu bahuSvamatyairadyApi ratnAkara eva sindhuH || prathama lokena prArthitasya kAvyArtha corebhyo rakSaNasya svollikhitavaiciyANAM samudragataratna jAtavadakSayatvaM vicintya pratiSedha AkSepaH // 73 // niSedhAbhAsamAkSepaM budhAH kecana manvate / nAhaM dUtI tanostApastasyAH kAlAnalopamaH // 74 // kecidalaGkArasarvasvakArAdaya itthamAhuH - na niSedhamAtramAkSepaH, kiMtu yo www amRta ke samAna madhura hai, bar3I sAvadhAnI se rakSA karo, kyoMki usa kAvyAmRta ko lUTane ke lie kaI kAvyarthacaura daityoM kI taraha bar3ha rahe haiN| athavA kAvyArtha - cauroM ko kAvyAmRta curAne bhI do, ve saba isakA yatheccha grahaNa kareM, isase zreSTha kaviyoM kI koI hAni nahIM, devatAoM aura daityoM ne samudra se anekoM ratnoM ko le liyA, para samudra Aja bhI ratnAkara banA huA hai|' yahA~ pahale zloka meM kavi ne kAvyArtha cauroM se kAvyAmRta kI rakSA karane kI prArthanA kI thI, kintu jaba usane yaha socA ki usake dvArA kAvya meM prayukta artha - vaicitraya to samudra kI ratnarAzi kI taraha akSaya haiM, to usane apanI prathama ukti kA niSedha kara isa bAta kA saMketa kiyA hai ki kAvyArtha - caura maje se usake artha vaicitrya ko curAte raheM, isase usake kAvya kI koI hAni nahIM hogI, kyoMki vaha to anekoM ratnoM se bharA hai, tathA usake sauMdarya ratna kA lopa honA asaMbhava hai / TippaNI- AkSepa ke isI prakAra kA eka udAharaNa mere 'zumbhavadham' mahAkAvya se nimna padya diyA sakatA hai: - Adau kimatra parizIlanamIdRzAnAM muJcanti no kathamapi prakRtiM nijAM te / yadvA khalaH pratanute'kSatameva lAbhaM gAvaH kSaranti payasAmatulaM rasaudham // (1.7 ) yahA~ pUvArdha meM prazna ke dvArA isa uttara kI vyaMjanA kI gaI hai ki kAvya ke Arambha meM duSToM kA vargana ThIka nahIM, kintu bAda meM vicAra kara isakA pratiSedha karane ke lie 'yadvA' ke dvArA uttarArdha kA saMniveza kiyA hai| ( ruyyaka ne ise AkSepa kA udAharaNa nahIM mAnA hai / api tu usane ThIka isI udAharaNa ko dekara isameM 'AkSepa' mAnane vAloM kA khaMDana kiyA hai: - 'iha tu - 'sAhityapAtho sindhu' iti nAcepabuddhiH kAryA / vihitaniSedho hyayam / na cAsAvAkSepaH / niSedhavidhau tasya bhAvAdityuktatvAt / camatkAro'pyatra niSedhahetuka eveti na tAvadbhAvamAtreNAkSepabuddhiH kAryA / ' ) 74 - kucha vidvAn niSedhAbhAsa ko AkSepa alaMkAra mAnate haiM, jaise (koI dUtI nAyaka se nAyikA kI virahavedanA ke viSaya meM kaha rahI hai ) he nAyaka, maiM dUtI nahIM hU~, usa nAyikA ke zarIra kA tApa kAlAgni ke samAna (asahya ) hai / kucha vidvAn (kecit ) arthAt alaMkAra sarvasvakAra ruyyaka Adi vidvAn ( pUrvokta

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AkSepAlakAraH 136 niSedho bAdhitaH sannarthAntaraparyavasitaH kacidvizeSamAkSipati sa AkSepaH / yathA dUtyA uktau 'nAhaM dUtI' iti niSedho bAdhitatvAdAbhAsarUpaH saMghaTanakAlocitakaitavavacanaparihAreNa yathArthavAditve paryavasyannidAnImevAgatya nAyikojIvanIyeti vizeSamAkSipati / yathA vA narendramaule ! na vayaM rAjasaMdezahAriNaH / jagatkuTumbinaste'dya na zatruH kazcidIkSyate / / atra saMdezahAriNAmuktau 'na vayaM saMdezahAriNaH' iti nissedho'nuppnnH| saMdhikAlocitakaitavavacanaparihAreNa yathArthavAditve paryavasyan sarvajagatIpAlakasya tava na kazcidapi zatrubhAvenAvalokanIyaH, kintu sarve'pi rAjAno bhRtyabhAvena 'saMrakSaNIyAH' iti vizeSamAkSipati / / 74 / / AkSepa ko na mAna kara) AkSepa kA yaha prakAra mAnate haiM-kisI ukti kA kevala niSedha kara denA hI AkSepa nahIM hai, api tu jo niSedha kisI vizeSa kAraNa se bAdhita hokara kisI anya artha kI vyaMjanA karAkara kisI vizeSa bhAva kA AkSepa karatA hai, use hI AkSepa alaMkAra kA nAma diyA jA sakatA hai| udAharaNa ke lie, ukta padya ke uttarArdha meM 'nAhaM dUtI' yaha niSedha bAdhita hai, kyoMki vaktrI vastutaH dUtI hai hI-isaliye yaha niSedha na ho kara niSedhAbhAsa hai, isake dvArA yaha vyaMgya pratIta hotA hai ki maiM bilakula saca kaha rahI hU~, tuma donoM kA milana karAne ke liye jhUThI bAteM nahIM banA rahI huuN| yaha vyaMgyopaskRta niSedha isa vizeSa artha kA AkSepa karatA hai ki tumheM abhI jAkara nAyikA ko jIvita karanA hai (anyathA nAyikA ko mara gaI smjho)| TippaNI-yaha udAharaNa ruyyaka ke nimna udAharaNa se milatA hai : bAlaa NAhaM dUI tIeN pio sitti jamha vaavaaro| sA maraha tuma ayaso evaM dhammakkharaM bhnnimo|| (bAlaka nAhaM dUtI tasyAH priyo'sIti naasmdvyaapaarH| sA mriyate tavAyaza etad dharmAkSaraM bhaNAmaH // ) athavA jaisekoI dUta rAjA se kaha rahA hai :-'rAjazreSTha, hama rAjasaMdeza ke vAhaka dUta nahIM haiN| Apa ke lie to sArA saMsAra kuTumba hai, isalie ApakA koI zatru hI nahIM dikhAI detaa| isa ukti kA vaktA koI saMdezavAhaka dUta hai, jaba vaha kahatA hai ki 'hama saMdezavAhaka nahIM haiM to yaha niSedha bAdhita dikhAI par3atA hai| ataH yahA~ niSedhAbhAsa kI pratIti hotI hai| isa prakAra niSedha kI upapatti hone ke kAraNa yahA~ prathama yaha pratIti hotI hai ki dUta isa bAta para jora denA cAhatA hai ki vaha jo kucha kaha rahA hai yathArtha kaha rahA hai, kevala donoM rAjAoM meM saMdhi karAne ke lie jhUThI bAteM nahIM banA rahA hai| isa artha se upaskRta niSedhAbhAsa se yaha artha vizeSa AkSipta hotA hai ki 'rAjan , tuma to samasta pRthvI ke pAlanakartA ho, ataH tumheM kisI ko apanA zatru nahIM samajhanA cAhie, apitu sabhI rAjAoM ko apanA sevaka mAna kara unakI rakSA karanI caahie|' TippaNI-AkSepa kA sAmAnya lakSaNa yaha hai : apahRtibhivasve sati camatkArakAritAniSedhatvam-AkSepatvam /

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140 kuvalayAnandaH www~ AkSepo'nyo vidhau vyakte niSedhe ca tirohite / gaccha gacchasi cetkAnta ! tatraiva syAjjanirmama // 75 // / yahA~ 'apahRti' alaMkAra kA vAraNa karane ke lie 'apahRtibhinnatve sati' kahA hai| apahRti meM upamAnopameyabhAva ( sAdharmya ) honA Avazyaka hai, AkSepa meM nahIM / rasikaraMjanIkAra ne ruyyaka ke matAnusAra AkSepa ke prakAroM kA saMketa kiyA hai / sarvaprathama AkSepa ke do bheda hote haiM:- -ukta viSaya tathA vkssymaannvissy| ye donoM phira do do taraha ke hote haiM / ukta viSaya meM kabhI to vastu kA niSedha kiyA jAtA hai, kabhI vastu kathana kA / vakSyamANa viSaya meM kevala vastu kathana kA hI niSedha hotA hai; yaha do taraha kA hotA hai -- kabhI to vizeSyaniSTharUpa meM vakSyamANa viSaya kA niSedha hotA hai, kabhI aMza kI ukti kI jAtI hai tathA aMzAntara vakSyamANa viSaya kA niSedha kiyA jAtA hai / isa taraha AkSepa cAra taraha kA hotA hai / ( de0 rasikaraMjanI pR0 149-50 tathA alaMkAra sarvasya pR0 145 - 146 ) Upara jisa udAharaNa ko dIkSita ne diyA hai, vaha uktaviSaya AkSepa ke prathama bheda kA udAharaNa hai, anya tIna bhedoM ke udAharaNa nimna haiM: 1. prasIdeti brUyAmidamasati kope na ghaTate, kariSyAmyevaM no punariti bhavedabhyupagamaH / na me doSo'stIti zvamidamapi hi jJAsyati mRSA, kimetasminvaktuM kSamamapi na vedmi priyatame // yahA~ 'prasIda' isa ukti kA niSedha karane se isa bAta kI pratIti hotI hai ki vAsavadattA kA krodha zAMta hogA tathA rAjA udayana para avazya hI anugraha ho jAyagA / isa prakAra yahA~ 'prasAda' rUpa vastu ke 'brUyAm' isa kathana kA hI niSedha pAyA jAtA hai, ataH ukta viSaya vastu kathana kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai / 2. subhaga vilambasva stokaM yAvadidaM virahakAtaraM hRdayam / saMsthApya bhaNiSyAmaH athavA ghoreSu kiM bhaNiSyAmaH // yahA~ 'bhaNiSyAmaH' pada ke dvArA isa bAta kI sUcanA kI gaI hai ki nAyikA kisI taraha apane virahakAtara hRdaya ko zAMta karake kisI taraha kucha kaha degI, vaha thor3I dera ruka jAya / isa prakAra yahA~ sAmAnya bAta kahI gaI hai| kiMtu isake bAda 'athavA ghoreSu kiM bhaNiSyAmaH' ke dvArA yaha batAyA gayA hai ki tumase kahane kI pratijJA kara lene para bhI virahakathA nahIM kahI jAtI, kyoMki mere lie viraha atyantaH duHsaha hai, yahA~ taka ki vaha mauta kI zaMkA utpanna kara rahA hai / isa prakAra virahiNI ne isa vizeSa ukti ke dvArA vakSyamANaviSaya kA niSedha kara diyA hai| 3. jyotsnA tamaH pikavacaH krakacastuSAraH kSAro mRNAlavalayAni kRtAntadantAH / sarva durantamidamadya zirISamRddI sA nUnamAH kimathavA hatajalpitena // yahA~ koI dUtI nAyaka se virahiNI nAyikA kI dazA kA varNana kara rahI hai / vaha 'zirISamRdI sA nUnama' taka isa bAta kA varNana kara cukI hai ki dhirahiNI nAyikA ke lie cA~danI aMdherA haiM, kokila kAkalI ArA hai, zItala barpha ghAva meM namaka haiM, mRgAla ke kar3a yamarAja ke dAr3ha haiM, isa taraha ye sabhI padArtha usake lie duHsaha hai vaha nAyikA sacamuca hI " " kintu itanA hI kaha kara dUtI ruka jAtI hai / isa prakAra vaha vakSyamANaviSaya ke eka aMza kA kathana kara cukI hai, zeSa aMzAMtara kA niSedha karatI kahatI hai - ' athavA usa burI bAta ke kahane se kyA phAyadA ?' isase dUtI yaha vyaMjana karanA cAhatI hai ki yadi aba bhI nAyaka ne usakI khabara na lI to vaha mara jAyagI / yahA~ dUtI ne kucha aMza kaha diyA hai, kucha vakSyamANa aMzAMtara kA niSedha kiyA hai / 75 - jahA~ bAhara se vidhi kA prayoga kiyA ho tathA usake dvArA svAbhISTa niSedha chipAyA gayA ho, vahA~ tIsare prakAra kA AkSepa hotA hai| jaise ( koI pravatsyatpattikA

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virodhAbhAsAlaGkAraH atra gaccheti vidhirvyaktaH / mA gA iti niSedhastirohitaH / kAntoddezyadeze nijajanmaprArthanayA''tmamaraNasaMsUcanena garbhIkRtaH / yathA bA na ciraM mama tApAya tava yAtrA bhaviSyati / yadi yAsyasi yAtavya malamAzaGkayApi te // 141 atrApi 'na ciraM mama tApAya' iti svamaraNasaMsUcanena gamananiSedho garbhIkRtaH // 33 virodhAbhAsAlaGkAraH abhAsatve virodhasya virodhAbhAsa iSyate / vinApi tanvi ! hAreNa vakSojau tava hAriNau // 76 // atra 'hArarahitAvapi hAriNau hRdyau' iti zleSamUlako virodhAbhAsaH / videza jAne ke lie prastuta nAyaka se kaha rahI hai ) he priya, yadi tuma jAte hI ho to jAo, merA janma bhI vahIM ho ( jahA~ tuma jA rahe ho ) / yahA~ nAyikA ne spaSTa rUpa se 'gaccha' isa vidhi vAkya kA prayoga kiyA hai, kiMtu nAyikA ko usakA jAnA pasaMda nahIM tathA usane niSedha rUpa apane svAbhISTa artha 'mata jA' ( mA gAH ) ko chipA diyA hai| isa vAkya meM nAyikA ne yaha prArthanA kI hai ki usakA janma bhI usI deza meM ho, jahA~ priya jA rahA hai / isa prArthanA ke dvArA nAyikA ne apane maraNa kI sUcanA vyaMjita kI hai - ki 'tumhAre jAne ke bAda merA maraNa avazyambhAvI hai', tathA isase niSedha kI vyaMjanA hotI hai / athavA jaise (koI pravatsyatpatikA videzAbhimukha nAyaka se kaha rahI hai / ) 'he priya, tumhArI yAtrA mujhe adhika dera taka saMtapta na kregii| agara tuma Abhoge to jAbho, tumheM mere viSaya meM koI zaMkA nahIM karanA cAhie / ' yahA~ 'tumhArI yAtrA mujhe adhika dera taka saMtapta na karegI' isa ukti ke dvArA nAyikA ne apane maraNa kI sUcanA dekara nAyaka ke videzagamana kA niSedha vyaMjita kiyA hai / 33. virodhAbhAsa alaMkAra 76 - jahAM do uktiyoM meM ApAtataH virodha dRSTigocara ho, ( kiMtu kisI prakAra usakA parihAra ho sake ), vahA~ virodhAbhAsa alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, (koI nAyaka nAyikA se kaha rahA hai) he suMdari, tere stana hAra ke binA bhI hAra vAle (hAriNau ) ( virodhaparihAra, suMdara ) haiM / yahA~ 'hAra ke binA bhI hAra vAle haiM' yaha virodha pratIta hotA hai, vastutaH kavi kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki 'stana hAra ke binA bhI suMdara ( hAriNau ) haiN| isa prakAra zleSamUlaka virodhAbhAsa hai / athavA, jaise TippaNI- virodhAbhAsa zleSarahita bhI hotA hai / yaha ruyyaka ke matAnusAra dasa taraha kA hotA hai - jAti, guNa, kriyA tathA dravya kA kramazaH apane tathA apane paravartI jAtyAdi, guNAdi,

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142 ww kuvalayAnandaH yathA vA pratIpabhUpairiva kiM tato bhiyA viruddhadharmairapi bhettRtojjhitA / amitrajinmitrajidojasA sa yadvicAradRk cArahaM gapyavartata // atra virodhasamAdhAnotprekSAzirasko virodhAbhAsa iti pUrvasmAdbhedaH || 6 || 34 vibhAvanAlaGkAraH vibhAvanA vinApi syAt kAraNaM kAryajanma cet / apyalAkSArasAsiktaM raktaM taccaraNadvayam // 77 // kriyAdi tathA dravya ke sAtha virodha pAyA jAtA hai / udAharaNa ke lie nimna padya meM 'jaDIkaraNa' tathA 'tApakaraNa' kriyA kA virodha azliSTa hai / ( ruyyaka ne isakA nAma kevala virodha diyA hai | ) paricchedAtItaH sakalavacanAnAmaviSayaH, punarjanmanyasminnanubhavapathaM yo na gatavAn / vivekapradhvaMsAdupacitamahAmohagahano, vikAraH ko'pyantarjaDayati ca tApaM ca kurute // aft prathama sarga meM nala kA varNana hai:- 'kavi utprekSA karatA hai ki kyA virodhI rAjAoM kI taraha isa rAjA nala se Dara kara paraspara virodhI guNoM ne bhI apanA virodha chor3a diyA ? kyoMki rAjA nala apane teja se mitrajit bhI thA sAtha hI amitrajit bhI aura cAradRk bhI thA sAtha hI vicArahaka bhI / ' ( yahA~ jo vyakti mitrajita hai, vaha amitrajit ( mitrajit nahIM ) kaise ho sakatA hai, sAtha hI jo vyakti cArahaka hai, vaha vicAraharU (vigata cArahaka, cAraha se vihIna ) kaise ho sakatA hai, ataH yaha virodha hai| vastutaH yaha virodha kI pratIti kevala ApAtataH hI hai / kavi kA vAstavika bhAva 'mitrajit' se yaha hai ki vaha teja se 'sUrya (mitra) ko jItane vAlA hai' tathA 'amitrajit ' kA artha yaha hai ki vaha teja se 'zatruoM ko jItane 'vAlA hai'| isa prakAra isakA artha na to yahI hai ki nala teja se sUrya ko jItatA bhI hai, nahIM bhI jItatA hai aura na yahI ki vaha zatruoM aura mitroM donoM ko jItatA hai / isakA vAstavika artha hai : - 'rAjA nala teja se sUrya tathA zatru rAjA donoM ko jItane vAlA hai'| isI taraha 'cAraka' se kavi kA bhAva yaha hai ki rAjA nala 'guptacaroM kI A~kha vAlA thA' tathA 'vicArahaka' kA yaha artha hai ki vaha 'vicAra kI A~kha vAlA thA / isakA yaha artha nahIM hai, ki vaha guptacaroM kI dRSTi vAlA thA tathA unakI dRSTi se rahita bhI thA / isa prakAra isa aMza kA vAstavika ( parihAra vAlA ) artha hai: - 'rAjA nala samasta rAjya kI sthiti kA nirIkSaNa guptacaroM ke dvArA kiyA karatA thA tathA hara nirNaya meM vicArabuddhi se kAma letA thA' / yahA~ bhI yaha virodha zleSamUlaka hI hai / ) isa udAharaNa meM pahale vAle udAharaNa se yaha bheda hai ki yahA~ virodhAbhAsa ke udAharaNa meM virodha ke samAdhAna ke lie utprekSA pradhAna rUpa meM vidyamAna hai / TippaNI- virodhAbhAsa kA sAmAnya lakSaNa yaha hai : 'ekAdhikaraNyena pratIyamAnayoH kAryakAraNatvenAgRhyamANayordharmayorAbhAsanAparyaMtrasannavirodhatvaM virodhAbhAsatvam / 34. vibhAvanA alaMkAra 77 - jahA~ prasiddha kAraNa ke binA bhI kAryotpatti kA varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ vibhA vanA alaMkAra hotA hai | jase, usa sundarI ke caraNa lAkSArasa ke binA bhI lAla haiM /

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vibhAvanAlaGkAraH 143 mim atra lAkSArasAse karUpakAraNAbhAve'pi raktimA kathitaH / svAbhAvikatvena virodhaparihAraH / yathA vA apItakSI kAdambamasaMsRSTA malAmbaram | aprasAditasUkSmAmbu jagadAsInmanoharam // atra pAnAdiprasiddha hetvabhAve'pi zrImatvAdi nibaddham / vibhAvyamAnazaratsamahetukatvena virodhaparihAraH / yathA vA varatanukabarI vidhAyinA surabhinakhena narendrapANinA / avacitakusumApi vallarI samajani vRntanilInaSaTpadA || atra vallaryAM puSpAbhAve'pi bhRGgAliGganaM nibaddham / atra varatanukabarIsaMkrAntasaurabhanara pati nakhasaMsargarUpaM hetvantaraM vizeSaNamukhena darzitamiti virIdhaparihAraH // yahA~ lAkSArasasekarUpa kAraNa ke binA bhI caraNoM kI lAlI kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / (vibhAvanA meM sadA bIjarUpa meM virodha rahatA hai tathA usakA parihAra karane para hI vibhAvanA alaMkAra ghaTita hotA hai / hama dekhate haiM ki loka meM kAraNa ke abhAva meM kAryotpatti kabhI nahIM hotI, ataH aisA honA ApAtataH virodha dikhAI denA hai / isIliye isakA parihAra karanA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| cU~ki vibhAvanAM virodhamUlaka kAryakAraNamUlaka alaMkAra hai, isIlie dIkSita ne ise virodhAbhAsa ke bAda hI varNita kiyA hai / ) yahA~ caraNoM kI lAlI naisargika hai, ataH kAraNAbhAva meM kAryotpatti ke virodha kA parihAra ho jAtA hai| athavA jaise - ( zarat Rtu kA varNana hai| ) binA zarAba pie masta bane haMsoM vAlA, binA sApha kie nirmala bane AkAza vAlA, tathA binA sApha kie svaccha bane jala vAlA ( zaratkAlIna ) jagat atyadhika sundara ho rahA thA / yahA~ madyapAnAdi kAraNavizeSa ke binA bhI haMsAdi kI mastI kiyA gayA hai, ataH vibhAvanA hai / kAraNAbhAva meM taraha kiyA jA sakatA hai ki haMsoM kI mastI, svacchatA kA kAraNa zarat Rtu kA Agamana hai / athavA jaise kAryotpatti ke AkAza kI ityAdi kArya kA varNana virodha kA parihAra isa nirmalatA aura jala kI 'sundarI ke kezapAza kI racanA karane se sugaMdhita nAkhUnavAle rAjA ke hAtha ke dvArA cune gaye phUla vAlI latA phira se TahanI para bhauMroM se AveSTita ho gaI / ' yahA~ vallarI ke phUla tor3a lene para usameM bhauMroM kA ma~DarAnA - puSpAbhAva meM bhI bhauroM kA honA, kAraNAbhAva meM kAryotpatti kA nibandhana hai / yahA~ virodha kA parihAra isa taraha ho jAtA hai ki kavi ne svayaM hI 'narapatipANinA' pada ke vizeSaNa ke dvArA isa kArya ke dUsare kAraNa kA ullekha kara diyA hai, vaha yaha ki rAjA ke hAtha ke nAkhUna sundarI ke kezapAza kI racanA karane se sugaMdhita ho gaye the, arthAt kavi ne svayaM hI rAjA ke nAkhUnoM meM sundarI ke kezapAza kI sugaMdha kA saMkrAnta hokara unheM sugandhita banA denA rUpa anya hetu kA nibandhana kara diyA hai /

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144 kuvalayAnandaH hetunAmasamagratve kAryotpattizca sA mtaa| astrairatIkSNakaThinairjagajjayati manmathaH / / 78 // atra jagajaye sAdhye hetUnAmastrANAmasamagratvaM tIkSNatvAdiguNavaikalyam / yathA vA udyAnamArutoddhRtAzcUtacampakareNavaH / udasrayanti pAnthAnAmaspRzanto vilocane / atra bASpodgamanahetUnAmasamagratvaM sparzana kriyAvaikalyam / imAM vizeSoktiriti daNDI vyaajhaar| yatastatra prathamodAharaNe manmathasya mahimAtizayarUpo dvitIyodAharaNe campakareNUnAmuddIpakatAtizayarUpazca vizeSaH khyApyata iti / asmAbhistu tIkSNatvAdivaikalyamapi kAraNavizeSAbhAvarUpamiti vibhAvanA pradarzitA / / 78 // (dUsarI vibhAvanA) 74-vibhAvanA kA dUsarA bheda vaha hai, jahA~ kisI kArya kI utpatti ke lie Avazyaka samagra kAraNoM meM se kisI kAraNavizeSa ke abhAva meM hI kAryotpatti ho jAya, jaise kAmadeva tIcaNatA tathA kaThinatA se rahita (puSpa ke) AyudhoM se hI saMsAra ko jIta rahA hai| yahA~ saMsAra ke vijayarUpa kArya ke lie astroM kA kAraNatva samagrarUpa meM varNita nahIM kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki manmatha ke astroM meM tIkSNatA tathA kaThinatA kA abhAva batAyA gayA hai| (zatru ko jItane ke lie astroM kA tIkSNa va kaThina honA Avazyaka hai, kintu yahA~ komala tathA kuMThita astra hI kAryotpatti karane meM samartha haiM, ataH kAraNa kI asamagratA hone para bhI kAryotpatti varNita kI gaI hai|) athavA jase (vasanta Rtu kA varNana hai) upavana-vAyu ke dvArA ur3AI huI Ama tathA campe kI parAga-rAzi priyAviyukta pathikoM kI A~khoM kA sparza kiye binA hI unheM azruyukta banA detI hai| yahA~ 'AmracampakareNu' ko azru kI utpatti kA kAraNa batAyA gayA hai, kintu parAga A~khoM kA sparza kiye binA hI A~sU lA detA hai, yaha kAraNa kI asamagratA kA abhidhAna hai| daNDI ne isa prakAra ke kAraNa kI asamagratA se kAryotpatti vAlI sthiti meM vizeSokti alaMkAra mAnA hai| unake mata se prathama udAharaNa meM kAmadeva kI viziSTa mahimA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, dUsare udAharaNa meM campakaparAga kI atyadhika uddIpakatA varNita kI gaI hai (ataH yahA~ vizeSya ke darzana ke lie guNajAtikriyAdi kI vikalatA batAI gaI hai)| hamAre (dIkSita ke) mata se tIkSNatA Adi kI vikalatA bhI kAraNa vizeSa kA abhAva hI hai, ataH hamane yahA~ vibhAvanA mAnI hai| TippaNI-daNDI ke matAnusAra jahA~ vizeSyadarzana ke lie guNa-jAti-kriyAdi kI vikalatA batAI gaI ho, vahA~ vizeSokti alaMkAra hotA hai : guNajAtikriyAdInAM yatra vaikalyadarzanam / vizeSyadarzanAyaiva sA vizeSotiriSyate // ( kAvyAdarza )

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vibhAvanAlaDAraH 145 kAryotpattistRtIyA syAt satyapi prtibndhke| narendrAneva te rAjan ! dazatyasibhujaGgamaH // 79 // atra narendrA viSavaidyAH sarpadaMza (viSa ?) pratibandhakamantrauSadhizAlinaH zleSeNa gRhItA iti pratibandhake kaaryotpttiH| yathA vA citraM tapati rAjendra ! pratApatapanastava / anAtapatramutsRjya sAtapatraM dviSadgaNam / / 76 // akAraNAt kAryajanma caturthI syAdvibhAvanA / zaGkhAdvINAninAdo'yamudeti. mahadadbhutam // 80 // atra 'zaGkha' zabdena kamanIyaH kAminIkaNThastantrIninAdatvena tadgItaM cAdhyavasIyata ityakAraNAt kAryajanma / (tIsarI vibhAvanA) 79-jahAM kAraNa se kAryotpatti hone meM kisI pratibandhaka (rukAvaTa) kI upasthiti hone para bhI kisI taraha kAryotpatti kA varNana kiyA jAya, vahAM tIsarI vibhAvanA hotI hai, jaise, he rAjan terA khaDgarUpI sarpa viSavaidyoM (narendra, rAjAoM) ko hI DasatA hai| ___ yahAM 'narendra' zabda se zleSa ke dvArA una viSavaidyoM kA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai, jo sarpadaMza ko rokane vAlI maNimaMtrauSadhi se yukta hote haiN| yahAM 'sarpa' narendroM ko hI DasatA hai, yaha pratibaMdhaka ke hote hue kAraNa se kAryotpatti kA udAharaNa hai| yahAM vibhAvanA isI artha meM hai| narendra kA dUsare artha 'rAjA' lene para vibhAvanA nahIM hai, ataH yaha zleSAnuprANita vibhAvanA kA udAharaNa hai| athavA jaise he rAjendra ! tumhArA pratAparUpI sUrya chatrarahita ko chor3a kara chatrayukta zatrugaNa ko saMtapta karatA hai| yaha Azcarya kI bAta hai| pUrvokta udAharaNa zleSa se saMkIrNa hai| yahAM pratAparUpI sUrya isa rUpaka para vibhAvanA Azrita hai| (cauthI vibhAvanA) 80-jahA~ prasiddha kAraNa se bhinna vastu (akAraNa) se bhI kArya kI utpatti ho, vahA~ cauthI vibhAvanA hotI hai| jaise, bar3e Azcarya kI bAta hai ki zaMkha se vINA kI jhaMkAra utpanna ho rahI hai| __ yahA~ 'nAyikA ke kaNTha se vINA kI jhaMkAra ke samAna gIta utpanna ho rahA hai' isa bhAva ke lie ukta vAkya kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| vINAninAda kA kAraNa vINA hI hai, 'zaMkha' to usakA akAraNa hai, ataH yahA~ akAraNa se kArya kI utpatti varNita hai| sAtha hI isa udAharaNa meM zaMkha zabda ke dvArA tadvat sundara ramaNIkaMTha tayA tantrIninAda ke dvArA tadvanmadhura gIta adhyavasita ho gaye haiM, ataH isa aMza meM atishyokkihai| (yaha udAharaNa atizayoktimUlA vibhAvanA kA hai|) 10 kuva0

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146 yathA vA kuvalayAnandaH tilapuSpAtsamAyAti vAyuzcandana saurabhaH / indIvarayugA citraM niHsaranti zilImukhAH // 80 // viruddhAt kArya saMpattirdRSTA kAcidvibhAvanA | sitAMzukiraNAstanvIM hanta saMtApayanti tAm // 81 // atra tApanivartakatayA tApaviruddhairindu kiraNaistA pajaniruktA / yathA vA yathA vA udite kumArasUrye kuvalayamullasati bhAti na kSatram | mukulIbhavanti citraM pararAjakumArapANipadmAni // aviveki kucadvandvaM hantu nAma jagattrayam / zrutapraNayinorakSNorayuktaM janamAraNam // athavA jaise dekho to bar3e Azcarya kI bAta hai, tila ke puSpa (nAsikA) se candana kI sugaMdha vAlA vAyu (niHzvAsa) A rahA hai, tathA do nIla kamaloM (netradvaya) se bANa (kaTAkSa) gira raheM haiM / (yahA~ 'tilapuSpa' candanasurabhi kA akAraNa hai, isI taraha nIla kamala bANoM ke akAraNa haiM, eka kA kAraNa candana hai, dUsare kA tarakasa / kavi ne nAsikA, netradvaya tathA kaTAkSa ko tilapuSpa, indIvaradvaya tathA zilImukha ke dvArA adhyavasita kara diyA hai, ataH isa aMza meM atizayokti hai | ) (pA~cavI vibhAvanA ) 81 - yahA~ virodhI kAraNa ( kAraNa ke ThIka virodhI tatva ) se kAryotpatti ho ? vaha dUsare DhaMga kI vibhAvanA hotI hai jaise, bar3A duHkha hai, usa komalAMgI ko candramA kI zItala kiraNeM saMtapta karatI haiM / candramA kI kiraNeM tApa ko miTAtI haiM, ataH ve tApa viruddha haiM, kintu yahA~ unase tApa kA utpanna honA varNita kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha pAMcavIM vibhAvanA kA udAharaNa hai / athavA jaise koI kavi kisI rAjakumAra kI prazaMsA kara rahA hai / Azcarya hai, jaba kumAra rUpI sUrya udita hote haiM to kumudinI (kuvalaya, parihArapakSa meM pRthvI maMDala ) vikasita hotI hai, nakSatra prakAzita hote haiM ( parihArapakSa meM-bhAti na kSatram anya kSatriya suzobhita nahIM hote), tathA zatrurAjakumAroM ke karakamala banda ho jAte haiM ( parihAra pakSa - adhInatA svIkAra kara zatru rAjakumAra aMjali bAMdhe khar3e rahate haiM ) / " (yahAM rUpaka alaMkAra para vibhAvanA Azrita hai, isake sAtha hI 'kuvalaya' tathA 'nakSatraM ' kA sabhaMga zleSa bhI rUpaka ko paripuSTa kara vibhAvanA kI sahAyatA karatA hai| isameM sUryodaya ke samaya kumudAdi ke vikAsAdi kA varNana virodhAbhAsa alaMkAra ko bhI puSTa karatA hai, jisa para vibhAvanA Azrita hai | ) athavA jaise mUrkha (avivekI, parihArapakSa meM- paraspara atyadhika saMzliSTa ) stanadvaya yadi tInoM lokoM ko mAreM to mAreM, ( kyoMki ve mUrkha jo haiM), kiMtu vedAdi zAstra kA abhyAsa karane vAle (zrutapraNayI, parihAra- kAnoM taka lambe ) netroM kA manuSyoM ko mAranA anucita hai|

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vizeSoktyalaGkAraH pUrvodAharaNayoH kAraNasya kAryavirodhitvaM svAbhAvikam / iha tu zrutipraNayitvasyAgantukaguNaprayuktamiti bhedaH // 1 // kAryAt kAraNajanmApi dRSTA kAcidvibhAvanA / yazaH payorAzirabhUt karakalpatarostava // 82 // yathA vA jAtA latA hi zaile jAtu latAyAM na jAyate zailaH / saMprati tadviparItaM kanakalatAyAM giridvayaM jAtam // 2 // 35 vizeSoktyalaGkAraH kAryAjanirvizeSoktiH sati puSkalakAraNe / hRdi snehakSayo nAbhUt smaradIpe jvalatyapi // 83 // (yahAM yaha vibhAvanA 'zrutapraNayinoH' ke zleSa para Arata hai|) inameM pahale do udAharaNoM meM kAraNa kA kArya se viruddha honA svAbhAvika hai, kyoMki candrakiraNeM tApa kI, tathA sUryodaya kumudinI, nakSatra tathA padma saMkoca ke svabhAvataH virodhI haiN| isa tIsare udAharaNa meM AMkhoM meM 'zrutipraNayitva' rUpa Agantuka guNa ke kAraNa hiMsA kI virodhitA pAI jAtI hai| (chaThI vibhAvanA) - 82-vibhAvanA kA eka (chaThA) bheda vaha bhI dekhA jAtA hai, jahAM kArya se kAraNa kI utpatti ho, jaise, he rAjan, tumhAre hAtha rUpI kalpavRkSa se yaza kA kSIra samudra paidA ho gyaa| ('payodhi' kalpavRkSa kA vAstavika kAraNa hai, kiMtu yahAM unake kArya-kAraNa bhAva ko ulaTa kara kalpavRkSa ko payodhi' kA kAraNa banA diyA gayA hai, ataH yaha chaThI vibhAvanA hai|) TippaNI-paMDitarAja jagannAtha ne dIkSita ke dvArA upanyasta vibhAvanA ke SaTpakAra kA khaMDana kiyA hai, kyoMki sabhI vibhAvanA prakAra prathama vibhAvanA meM hI antarbhUta ho jAte haiN| 'tasmAdAyena prakAreNa prakArAntarANAmAlIDhatvAtSaT prakArA ityanupapannameva / ' (rasagaMgAdhara pR0 583 ) athavA jaise latA hI parvata para paidA hotI hai, parvata kabhI bhI latA para paidA nahIM hotaa| lekina hamane Aja aisA viparIta Azcarya dekhA hai ki kanakalatA (nAyikA kI aMgavallI) meM do parvata (kucadvaya) paidA ho gaye haiN| (yahAM do parvatoM kA latA para paidA honA kArya se kAraNa kA utpanna honA hai, ataH yaha chaThI vibhAvanA kA udAharaNa hai| yaha vibhAvanA atizayokti para Azrita hai|) 35. vizeSokti alaMkAra 83-jahAM pracura kAraNa ke hote hue bhI kAryotpatti na ho, vahAM vizeSokti alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, kAmadeva rUpI dIpaka ke jalate hue bhI hRdaya meM sneharUpI sneha (taila) samApta na huaa|

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148 yathA vA (vanyA. 1 / 13 ) - kuvalayAnandaH anurAgavatI saMdhyA divasastatpuraHsaraH / aho daivagatizcitrA tathApi na samAgamaH // 83 // 36 asambhavAlaGkAraH asambhavo'rthaniSpattera sambhAvyatvavarNanam / ko veda gopazizukaH zailamutpATayediti // 84 // yathA vA ( bhallaTazatake ) - ayaM vArAmeko nilaya iti ratnAkara iti zrito'smAbhistRSNAtaralitamanobhirjalanidhiH / ka evaM jAnIte nijakarapuTI koTaragataM kSaNAdenaM tAmyattimimakaramApAsyati muniH // 84 // ( dIpaka kA jalanA taila samApta hone kA kAraNa hai, para smaradIpa ke jalane para bhI hRdaya sneha kA samApta na honA vizeSokti hai| yahAM 'sneha' ke zleSa para vaha vizeSokti Ata hai| athavA jaise yaha saMdhyA (nAyikA) anurAgavatI ( sAMdhyakAlIna lalAI se yukta; prema se yukta ) hai, sAtha hI yaha dina (nAyaka) bhI usakA puraHsara (purovartI, AjJAkArI ) hai, itanA hone para bhI unakA milana nahIM ho paataa| bhAgya kI gati bar3I vicitra hai / ( nAyikA meM prema kA honA tathA nAyaka kA AjJAkArI honA donoM ke milana rUpa kArya kI utpatti kA puSkala kAraNa hai, kiMtu yahAM una donoM kAraNoM ke hote hue bhI milana nahIM ho pAtA, ataH vizeSokti hai| yahAM bhI 'anurAgavatI' tathA 'puraHsaraH' ke liSTa prayoga para hI vizeSokti kA camatkAra bhaSTata hai| yahAM samAsokti alaMkAra' bhI hai ) / 36. asaMbhava alaMkAra 84- - jahAM kisI padArtha vizeSa ( kAryavizeSa) kI utpatti ke viSaya meM asaMbhAvyatva kA varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ asaMbhava alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, yaha kise patA thA ki gvAle kA lar3akA parvata ko uThA sakegA / athavA jaise 'yaha jala kA eka mAtra sthAna hai, ratnoM kI khAna hai', aisA soca kara hI tRSNA ke kAraNa caMcala mana se hamane isa samudra kA Azraya liyA hai| yaha kise patA thA ki kulabulAte ( parezAna ) magaramaccha vAle isa samudra ko apanI hathelI ke khokhale bhAga meM rakha kara muni agastya kSaNa bhara meM hI pI jAya~ge / ( prathama udAharaNa meM parvata kA uThAnA aura vaha bhI gvAle ke lar3ake ke dvArA artha niSpatti kA asaMbhAvyatva varNana hai, isI taraha dUsare udAharaNa meM muni agastya ke dvArA vizAla timimakarasaMkula samudra kA cullU meM pI jAnA bhI asaMbhava rUpa meM varNita kiyA gayA hai, ataH yahAM asaMbhava alaMkAra hai / )

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asaMgatyalaGkAraH 37 asaGgatyalaGkAraH viruddhaM bhinnadezatvaM kAryahetvorasaGgatiH / viSaM jaladharaiH pItaM, mUrcchitAH pathikAGganAH // 85 // yayoH kAryahetvorbhinnadezatvaM viruddhaM tayostannibadhyamAnamasaGgatyalaGkAraH / yathAtra viSapAna - mUrccha yo bhinnadezatvam / yathA vA aho khalabhujaGgasya vicitro'yaM vadhakramaH / anyasya dazati zrotramanyaH prANairviyujyate // kvacidasAGgatyasamAdhAnanibandhanena cArutAtizayaH / yathA vA ( naiSadha. 3 / 106 ) - ajasramArohasi dUradIrghA saGkalpasopAnatatiM tadIyAm / 146 WA 37 asaMgati alaMkAra jAya, 85 - jahA~ kAraNa tathA kArya kA do bhinna sthaloM meM viruddha astitva varNita kiyA vahA~ asaMgati alaMkAra hotA hai| jaise bAdaloM ne viSa ( jahara, pAnI ) piyA, aura videza gaye pathikoM kI striyA~ ( proSitapatikAe~ ) mUcchita ho gaI / jina kAraNa tathA kArya kA bhinna sthaloM para honA viruddha hotA hai, una kAraNa kArya kA viruddhadezatva jahA~ varNita kiyA jAya, vahA~ asaMgati alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise viSapAna mUrcchA kA kAraNa hai, tathA ina donoM kA astitva eka hI sthAna para pAyA jAtA hai, jo jahara pItA hai, vahI mUcchita hotA hai / yahA~ viSa kA pAna to meghoM ne kiyA hai, para mUti proSitabhartRkAe~ ho rahI haiM, yaha kArya kAraNa kI viruddha bhinnadezatA hai, phalataH yahAM asaMgati alaMkAra hai / asaMgati alaMkAra kA yaha camatkAra 'viSa' zabda ke zliSTa prayoga para ATata hai / athavA jaise bar3e Azcarya kI bAta hai, duSTa vyakti rUpI sarpa kA mArane kA DhaMga bar3A vicitra hai / yaha kisI dUsare hI ke kAnoM ko DasatA hai, aura koI dUsarA hI vyakti prANoM se chuTakArA pA jAtA hai / (duSTa vyakti kisI dUsare ke kAna bharatA hai, aura nukasAna kisI dUsare kA hotA haiisa bhAva kI pratIti ho rahI hai / kAna meM sA~pa ke kATane para vahI maregA, jisake kAna meM kATA gayA hai, para duSTa bhujaMga kisI aura ke kAna meM kATatA hai; maratA hai koI aura hI / yaha asaMgati rUpaka alaMkAra ke camatkAra para ATata hai, khala para bhujaMgatva kA Aropa karane para hI asagati vAlA camatkAra pratIta hotA hai, yadi yahAM hama kevala yahI kaheM ki khala kAna dUsare ke bharatA hai, mArA jAtA hai koI dUsarA hI, to asaMgati kI samasta camatkRti lupta ho jAyagI, yaha sahRdayAnubhava siddha hai / ) kahIM kahIM do vastuoM kI asaMgati ke samAdhAna ke prayoga ke dvArA ukti meM adhika camatkAra pAyA jAtA hai / athavA jaise-- haMsa damayantI se nala kI avasthA kA varNana kara rahA hai / he damayanti, tuma nala ke

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150 kuvalayAnandaH zvAsAnsa varSatyadhikaM punaryaddhayAnAttava tvanmayatAmavApya // viruddhamiti vizeSaNAdyatra kAryahetvobhinnadezatvaM na viruddhaM tatra nAsaGgatiH / yathA bhracApavallI sumukhI yAvannayati vakratAm / tAvatkaTAkSavizikhaibhidyate hRdayaM mama // 85 // manoratha kI sIDhiyoM para bahuta dUra taka sadA car3hA karatI ho| vaha nala tumhAre dhyAna se tumhArA hI svarUpa prApta kara (jaise koI bhakta iSTa devatA kA dhyAna kara tanmaya ho jAtA hai vaise hI) atyadhika nizvAsa chor3A karatA hai| (yahAM sopAnatati para damayaMtI car3ha rahI hai, para nala thakAvaTa ke kAraNa niHzvAsa chor3a rahA hai, yaha kAryakAraNa kI bhinnadezatA hai| zrIharSa ne isa asaMgati kA samAdhAna isa padya meM yoM nibaddha kara diyA haiH-'dhyAnAttava tvanmayatAmavApya' arthAt nala damayantI kA dhyAna karate-karate damayaMtImaya-damayaMtI hI-bana gayA hai, phalataH saMkalpasopAnatati para car3hane kI thakAvaTa jo laMbI sIr3hiyoM para caDhane vAlI damayantI ko honI cAhie, nala ko bhI hone lagI hai| isa prakAra kavi ne asaMgati ke samAdhAna kA nibaMdhana kara asaMgati alaMkAra kI cArutA meM cAra cAMda lagA diye haiN| isIlie to appaya dIkSita ne kahA hai-'kvacidasAMgatyasamAdhAnanibaMdhanena caarutaatishyH|) ___hamane Upara kI kArikA ke paribhASA vAle aMza meM 'kAryahetvoH bhinna dezatvaM' ke sAtha 'viruddhaM' vizeSaNa diyA hai isakA bhAva yaha hai ki jahA~ kArya tathA kAraNa kI bhinnadezatA viruddha par3atI hai (jahAM unheM eka jagaha honA cAhie), aura ve eka sAtha nahIM haiM, vahIM asaMgati alaMkAra hogaa| jahAM kArya tathA kAraNa kA bhinnadeza meM rahanA viruddha nahIM hotA, apitu jahAM kAraNa tathA kArya svabhAvataH hI alaga-alaga sthAnoM para avasthita rahate haiM, vahAM asaMgati nahIM hogii| udAharaNa ke lie nimna padya meM kAraNa tathA kArya svabhAvataH hI bhinna deza haiM, ataH yahAM unakI bhinnadezatA asaMgati kA kAraNa nahIM bnegii| yathA___ jyoMhI vaha suMdarI apane bhauMhoM ke dhanuSa ko TeDhA karatI hai, tyoMhI merA hRdaya kaTAkSarUpI bANoM se bidha jAtA hai| (yadyapi yahAM bhU-dhanuSa kA TeDhA karanA rUpa kAraNa aura kaTAkSa bANoM se hRdaya kA bidhanA rUpa kArya kI bhinnadezatA varNita hai, tathApi yaha bhinnadezatA svAbhAvika hI hai, viruddha nahIM, kyoMki loka meM bhI dhanupa koI aura TeDhA karatA hai, bANa kisI aura ko bedhatA hai, ataH yahAM asaMgati alaMkAra mAnane kI bhUla nahIM karanI caahie| isa udAharaNa meM kevala rUpaka alaMkAra hI hai|) TippaNI-rasikaraMjanIkAra ne batAyA hai ki jina do vastuoM ke sAmAnAdhikaraNya yA vaiyadhikara Nya ke kAraNa kAryakAraNabhAva pAyA jAtA hai, unake sAmAnAdhikaraNya yA vaiyadhikaraNya kA parivartana kara dene para asaMgati alaMkAra hotA hai| uparyukta udAharaNoM meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya rUpa se viSapAna tathA mUcchita honA rUpa Adi kAryakAraNabhAva prasiddha hai, ataH yahA~ sAmAnAdhikaraNya ke viparyAsa vAlI asaMgati pAI jAtI hai / vaiyadhikaraNya ke viparyAsa vAlI asaMgati kA udAharaNa nimna hai : na saMyatastasya babhUva rakSiturvisarjayedyaM sutjnmhrssitH| RNAbhidhAnAtsvayameva kevalaM tadA pitRNAM mumuce sa bandhanAt //

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asaMgatyalaGkAraH anyatra karaNIyasya tato'nyatra kRtizca sA / anyatkartuM pravRttasya tadvirudvakRtistathA // 86 // apArijAtAM vasudhAM cikIrSan dyAM tathA'kRthAH / gotroddhArapravRtto'pi gotrodbhedaM purA'karoH // 87 // atra kRSNaM prati zakrasya sopAlambhavacane bhuvi cikIrSitatayA tatra karaNIyamapArijAtatvaM divi kRtamityekA'saGgatiH / purA gotrAyA uddhAre pravRttena varAharUpiNA tadviruddhaM gotrANAM dalanaM khurakuTTanaiH kRtamiti dvividhApi zleSotthApitA / tvatkhaGgakhaNDita sapatna vilAsinInAM yathA vA bhUSA bhavantyabhinavA bhuvanaikavIra ! | ~~a wwwwmnin 151 yahA~ sutajanmaharSe ( raghu ke janma ke kAraNa dilApa kA harSita honA ) kAraNa hai, nigaDita. puruSAntarabandhanivRtti ( anya kaidiyoM ko mukta kara denA ) kArya hai / ina donoM kIM kAraNakAryatA kA bhinnadezastha honA hI prasiddha hai; isa vaiyadhikaraNya kA viparyAsa kara yahA~ unakA sAmAnAdhikaraNya varNita kiyA gayA hai / 86-87- ( asaMgati ke do anya prakAra bhI hote haiM, unhIM donoM prakAroM kA ullekha karate haiM / ) asaMgati kA eka anya bheda vaha hai, jahA~ kisI vizeSa sthAna para karaNIya kArya ko vahA~ na kara, dUsare sthAna para kiyA jAya / isI kA tIsarA bheda vaha hai, jahA~ kisI vizeSa kArya ko karane meM pravRtta vyakti usa kAryavizeSa ko na kara, usase viruddha kArya ko kare / ( inhIM ke kramazaH ye udAharaNa haiM / ) (1) pRthvI ko pArijAta se rahita ( apArijAtAM, anya pakSa meM- zatruoM se rahita ) karane kI icchAvAle kRSNa ne svarga ko vaisA (apArijAta - kalpavRkSa se rahita ) banA diyA / ( 2 ) varAharUpa meM unhoMne gotra ( gotrA - pRthivI ) ke uddhAra meM pravRtta hokara bhI gotra ( gotrA - pRthivI, gotra - parvata ) kA bhedana kiyA ! prathama udAharaNa indra kA kRSNa ke prati sopAlaMbhavacana / kRSNa ne pRthvI para karane yogya kArya 'apArijAtatva' ko pRthvI para na kara svarga meM kiyA, yaha asaMgati hai / isI taraha dUsare udAharaNa meM varAharUpI bhagavAn ne jo gotrA ke uddhAra meM pravRtta the, apane khurA ghAta se gotroM kA bhedana kiyA / ye donoM zlezmUlaka haiM / (yahA~ pahale udAharaNa meM 'apAri jAtAM' ke zleSa para asaMgati kA camatkAra ATata hai / vasudhA ke artha meM isakA vigraha 'apagataM arijAtaM yasyAH tAM' hogA, svarga ke pakSa meM 'pArijAtena rahitAmiti apArijAtAM' hogA / dhyAna dene kI bAta hai ki zleSa kA yathAvasthitarUpa meM hI camatkAra hai, usake bhinnArthaM grahaNa karane ke bAda asaMgati kA camatkAra bhI nahIM rahegA / ThIka aise hI dUsare udAharaNa meM 'gotrA' tathA 'gotra' ke sabhaMgazleSa para hI asaMgati kA sArA camatkAra hai| athavA jaise-- ( asaMgati ke dvitIya prakAra kA udAharaNa ) saMsAra se akele vIra, he colendra siMha, tumhAre khaDga ke dvArA mAre gaye zatru rAjAoM kI striyoM kI naI DhaMga kI sajAvaTa ( naye DhaMga kA zrRGgAra ) dikhAI detI hai| unake netroM

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152 kuvalayAnandaH netreSu kaGkaNamathoruSu patravallI __ colendrasiMha ! tilakaM karapallaveSu / / mohaM jagattrayabhuvAmapanetumeta dAdAya rUpamakhilezvara ! dehabhAjAm | niHsImakAntirasanIradhinAmunaiva mohaM pravardhayasi mugdhavilAsinInAm / / atrAghodAharaNe kaGkaNAdInAmanyatra kartavyatvaM prasiddhamiti nopanyastam / bhavatinA bhAvanArUpA anyatra kRtirAmipyata iti lakSaNAnugatiH / / 86-87 / / meM kaMkaNa (hAtha kA AbhUSaNa; pati kI mRtyu ke kAraNa jala kA kaNa arthAt azruvindu), jA~ghoM meM patravalI (kapolaphalaka para citrita kI jAne vAlI patrAvalI; tumhAre Dara se bhAgakara jaMgala meM jAne ke kAraNa jA~ghoM meM aTakI jaMgala kI latAe~) tathA karapallavoM meM tilaka (lalATa kA zRGgAra; mare patiyoM ko jalAMjali dene ke lie tila se yukta jala) pAye jAte haiN| (yahA~ kaMkaNa, patravatrI tathA tilaka, nAriyoM ke hAtha, kapola tathA lalATa ke zRGgAra haiM, ve yahA~ na pAkara anyatra AMkha, Uruyugala tathA karapallava meM pAye jAte haiM, ataH dUsarI asaMgati hai|) (asaMgati ke tRtIya prakAra kA udAharaNa) __ he kRSNa, tuma tInoM lokoM ke dehadhAriyoM ke moha kA apaharaNa karane ke lie isa rUpa ko lekara, atyadhika kAnti ke samudra isI rUpa ke dvArA suMdariyoM ke moha ko bar3hAte ho| (yahAM kRSNa ne samasta lokoM ke dehadhAriyoM ke moha kA apaharaNa karane ke lie rUpa ko dhAraNa kiyA hai, kiMtu usI rUpa se ve moha ko bar3hA rahe haiM, ataH tIsarI asaMgati hai|) - yahA~ prathama udAharaNa meM kaMkaNAdi kI racanA anyatra karaNIya hai, isa bAta kA upAdAna ('apArijAtAM' ityAdi udAharaNa kI taraha) padya meM nahIM kiyA gayA hai| itanA hone para bhI 'bhavanti' pada ke dvArA isakA anyatra honA Adipta ho jAtA hai, ataH yahA~ dvitIya asaMgati ke lakSaNa kI saMgati baiTha jAtI hai| TippaNI-paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne appayadIkSita ke asaMgati ke ina do bhedoM ke mAnane kA khaNDana kiyA hai| unake matAnusAra pahalo asaMgati se 'apArijAtAM' ityAdi vAlI asaMgati meM koI vilakSaNatA nahIM hai| isI taraha 'netreSu kaMkaNaM' vAle udAharaNa meM virodhI zRGgAroM kA sAmAnAcikaraNya varNita hai, ataH virodhAbhAsa alaMkAra mAnanA ThIka hai| isI taraha 'gotroddhArapravRtto' vAle udAharaNa meM bhI 'viruddhAtkAryasaMpattidRSTA kAcidvibhAvanA' isa lakSaNa ke anusAra vibhAvanA kA prakAravizeSa hI dikhAI detA hai, ataH yahA~ bhI asaMgati kA tIsarA bheda mAnanA anucita hai| 'mohaM jagastrayabhuvAM' vAle udAharaNa meM bhI 'mohajanakatva' tathA 'mohanirvartakatva' ina donoM viruddha bAtoM kA sAmAnAdhikaraNya varNita hai, ataH yahA~ bhI virodhAbhAsa hI hai| __'ya-, anyatra karaNIyasya......"iti lakSaNAnugatiH' iti kuvalayAnandakRtA'saM. gateranyabhedayaM lavayitvodAhRtam , tatra tAvat 'apArijAtA..." ityatra pArijAtarAhi

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asaMgatyalaGkAraH amala 153 ww syacikIrSayA kAraNabhUtayA saha pArijAtarAhityasya kAryasya viruddhavaiyadhikaraNyopanibandhanAt 'viruddhaM bhinnadezatvaM kArya hekhora saMgatiH' iti prAthamikasaMgatito vailakSaNyAnupapatteH / AlaMbanAkhyaviSayatAsaMbaMdhena cikIrSAyAH sAmAnAdhikaraNyena kAryamAtraM prati hetutvasya prasiddheH / na ca pArijAta rAhityasyAbhAvarUpasya nityatvAkAraNAprasiddhiriti vAcyam / AlaMkArikanaye tasyApi janyatvasyeSTeH / lakSaNe kAryakAraNapadayorupalakSaNatvasyoktatvAcca / 'gotroddhArapravRtto'pi ' ityudAharaNe tu 'viruddhAtkArya saMpattirdRSTA kAcidvibhAvanA' iti paMcamavibhAvanAlakSaNA''krAntatvAdvibhAvanayaiva gatArthatvAdasaMgatibhedAntarakalpanA'nucitA / gotrodvAraviSayakapravRttergotro bhedakarUpakArye viruddhatvAt / siddhAnte'pi vibhAvanAvizeSoktyoH saMkara evAtrocitaH / ' netreSu kaMkaNaM' ityAdau kaMkaNatva - netrAlaMkAratvayorvyadhikaraNatvena prasiddhayoH sAmAnAdhikaraNyavarNanAdvirodhAbhAsatvamucitam / evaM mohanivartakasva-mohajanakasvayorapIti / (rasagaMgAdhara pR0 594 - 95 ) 1 kuvalayAnanda ke vyAkhyAkAra vaidyanAtha ne candrikA meM paNDitarAja ke mata kA ullekha kara usakA khaNDana kiyA hai / candrikAkAra dIkSita ke mata kI puSTi yoM karate haiM / 'apArijAtAM' vAlA udAharaNa prathama asaMgati kA nahIM ho sakatA / 'viSaM jaladharaiH' vAle udAharaNa meM kevala kAryakAraNa kI bhinnadezatA vAlA camatkAra hai, yahA~ anyatra karaNIya kArya ke anyatra karane kA camatkAra haiM, ' donoM eka kaise ho sakate haiM ? isI taraha 'netreSu kaMkaNaM' Adi meM virodhAbhAsa ke hote hue bhI anyatra karaNIya zRGgAra anyatra kiyA jAtA hai, yaha camatkAra hai hI, ataH dUsarI asaMgati kA nirAkaraNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / 'gotroddhAra' meM vibhAvanA mAnanA ThIka nahIM, kyoMki gotroddhAra pravRtti meM gotrodvaMda se nivRtta hone kA abhAva pAyA jAtA hai, ataH use eka dUsare kA virodhI kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai ? yadi kisI taraha virodha mAna bhI leM, to anya kArya karane meM pravRtta vyakti ke dvArA sadviruddha kArya kA karanA yaha tIsare prakAra kI asaMgati ThIka baiTha jAtI hai / 'mohaM jagattraya' vAle udAharaNa meM bhI vahI (vibhAvanA hI ) hai, yaha kahanA ThIka nhiiN| kyoMki kRSNa kA mohanivartakatva svataH siddha nahIM hai / ataH yahA~ virodhAbhAsa bhI nahIM hai, vibhAvanA tathA vizeSokti kA saMkara mAnanA to aura asaMgata hai / kyoMki yahA~ gotroddhAra pravRttirUpa kAraNa ke hote hue gotroddhArarUpa kArya kI anutpatti kA upanyAsa nahIM pAyA jAtA, api tu viruddha kAryotpatti pAI jAtI hai, yaha dhyAna dene kI bAta hai / 'yattu - ' anyatra ' 'iti kaizciduktaM tadasaMgatam |.....vstutstu - 'viSaM jaladharaiH pItaM mUrcchitAH pathikAMganAH' ityatreva nAtra kAryakAraNavaiyadhikaraNyaprayukto vicchittivizeSo'pi svanyatra kartavyasyAnyatra karaNaprayukta eveti sahRdayameva praSTavyam / evaM 'netreSu kaMkaNa' mityatra satyapi virodhAbhAse'nyatra camatkAritvena klRptAlaMkArabhAvAdanyatra karaNarUpA'saMgatirapi pratIyamAnA na zakyA nirAkartum / evaM 'gotroddhAra pravRtto'pI' tyudAharaNe gotroddhArakaviSayakapravRttergotrodbhedarUpakAryaviruddhatvAt 'viruddhA kArya saMpattirvibhAvanA' ityapi na yuktam / gontro dvArapravRttergotrodbhedanivartakatvAbhAvena tadviruddhatvAbhAvAt / kathaJcittadabhyupagame'pyanyatkArya kartuM pravRttena tadviruddha kAryAntarakaraNa rUpA'saMgatirapi 'mohaM jagattraya bhuvA 'mityAdau camatkArivena labdhAtmikA na nivArayituM zakyate / na cAtrApi mohanivartakAnmohotpatteH saiva vibhA vaneti vAcyam / mohanivartakasya siddhavadapratIteH / ata eva na virodhAbhAso'pi vizeSoktikathanaM vatrAsaMgatameva / na hi gotroddhAraviSayakapravRttirUpakAraNasazve'pi gotroddhArarUpakAryasyAnutpattiriha pratipAdyate, kintu viruddha kAryotpattireveti vibhAvanIyam / ( alaMkAra candrikA pR0 111 )

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kuvalayAnandaH 38 viSamAlaGkAraH viSamaM varNyate yatra ghaTanA'nanurUpayoH / keyaM zirISamRdaGgI, ka tAvanmadanajvaraH // 88 // atrAtimRdutvenAtiduHsahatvena caannuruupyornggnaamdnjvryorghttnaa| yathA vAabhilaSasi yadIndo ! vakralakSmI mRgAkSyAH punarapi sakRdabdhau maja saGkhAlayAGkam / suvimalamatha bimbaM pArijAtaprasUnaiH surabhaya, vada no cettvaM ka tasyA mukhaM ka // pUrvatra vastusatI ghaTanA / atra candra-vadanalakSmyostarkitA ghaTaneti bhedaH // 8 // virUpakAryasyotpattiraparaM viSamaM matam / kIrtiM prasUte dhavalAM zyAmA tava kRpANikA // 89 // atra kAraNaguNaprakrameNa viruddhAcchacAmAddhavalotpattiH / kAryakAraNayonivartyaH nivartakatve paJcamI vibhAvanA / vilakSaNaguNazAlitve tvayaMviSama iti bhedaH // 6 // 38. viSama alaMkAra 88-jahA~ do ananurUpa padArthoM kA varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ viSama alaMkAra hotA hai, jaise, kahA~ to zirISa ke samAna komala aMgavAlI yaha sundarI aura kahA~ atyadhika tApadAyaka (duHsaha) kAmajvara ? . yahA~ atimRdutva tathA atiduHsahatva rUpa dharmoM ke dvArA do ananurUpa (paraspara asadRza) padArthoM-sundarI tathA madanajvara kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| athavA jaise haM candramA, yadi tuma hirana ke samAna A~kha vAlI usa nAyikA ke mukha kI kAMti ko prApta karanA cAhate ho, to phira se eka bAra samudra meM DUba kara apane kalaMka ko dho DAlo, isake bAda apane nirmala viMba ko pArijAta ke phUloM se sugandhita kro| nahIM to, batAo, kahA~ tuma aura kahA~ usa sundarI kA mukha ? ____ yahA~ pahale udAharaNa se isa udAharaNa meM yaha bheda hai ki vahA~ sundarI tathA madanajvara kI paraspara ananurUpatA vAstavika hai, jaba ki yahA~ candramA tathA nAyikA-vadanakAMti kI ananurUpatA kavitarkita hai| 89-(viSama kA dUsarA bheda) jahA~ kisI kAraNa se apane se bhinna guNa vAle kArya kI utpatti ho, vahA~ dUsarA viSama hotA hai. jaise he rAjan, terI kAlI kaTAra zveta kIrti ko janma detI hai| ___ yahA~ kAraNa ke guNa kI paripATI (kAraNaguNAH kAryaguNAnArabhante-isa nyAya ) se virodhI bAta pAI jAtI hai ki kAlI vastu se dhavala kI utpatti ho rahI hai| (isa saMbaMdha meM yaha zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki viSama ke isa prakAravizeSa kA vibhAvanA ke paMcama prakAra

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viSamAlaGkAraH aniSTasyApyavAptizca tadiSTArthasamudyamAt / bhakSyAzayA'himaJjUSAM dRSTvAkhustena bhakSitaH // 30 // .. iSTArthamuddizya kiMcitkArabdhavato na kevalamiSTasyAnavAptiH, kiMtu tato'niSTa syApi prati lambhazcettadapi viSamam / yathA bhakSyaprepsayA sapeTikAM dRSTvA praviSTasya mUSakasya na kevalaM bhakSyAlAbhaH, kiMtu svarUpahAnirapIti / yathA vA gopAla iti kRSNa ! tvaM pracurakSIravAchayA / zrito mAtRstanakSIramapyalabhyaM tvayA kRtam / idamarthAvAptirUpeSTArthasamudyamAdiSTAnavAptAvaniSTapratilambhe codAharaNam / anarthaparihArArtharUpeSTArthasamudyamAt / tadubhayaM yathAse koI bheda nahIM jAna par3atA, isI zaMkA ko miTAne ke lie kaha rahe haiN|) kArya tathA kAraNa ke nivartya-nivarttaka bhAva hone para pA~cavIM vibhAvanA hotI hai, jaba ki kArya tathA kAraNa ke virodhI guNoM ke hone para viSama alaMkAra hotA hai, yaha donoM kA bheda hai| TippaNI-isa dUsare viSama kA eka udAharaNa yaha hai : sadyaH karasparzamavApya citraM raNe raNe yasya kRpaannlekhaa| tamAlanIlA zaradindupAMDu yazastrilokAbharaNaM prasUte // 90-(viSama kA tIsarA bheda) jahA~ kisI iSTArtha prApti ke lie kiye prayatna se aniSTa prApti ho, vaha tIsarA viSama hai, jaise bhojana (khAdya) kI icchA se sarpapeTI ko dekhakara usameM praviSTa cUhA sarpa ke dvArA khA liyA gyaa| iSTArtha kI prApti ke lie kisI kAma ko karane vAle vyakti ko jahA~ kevala iSTaprApti kA abhAva hI na ho, kintu usase aniSTaprApti bhI ho vahA~ viSama kA tIsarA bheda hotA hai| jaise khAcaprApti kI icchA se peTI ko dekhakara usameM dhuse cUhe ko na kevala bhacyAlAbha (bhakSya kI aprApti) huvA, apitu svayaM apane zarIra kI bhI hAni ho gii| TippaNI-appaya dIkSita ne ruyyaka ke hI matAnusAra tIna prakAra kA viSama mAnA hai / bheda yaha hai ki ruyyaka kA tRtIya bheda dIkSita kA prathama bheda hai, ruyyaka kA prathama, dvitIya, dIkSita kA dvitIya, tRtiiy| 'tatra kAraNaguNaprakameNa kAryamutpadyata iti prasiddhau yadvirUpaM kAryamutpadyamAnaM dRzyate tadekaM viSamam tathA kaMcidartha sAdhayitumudyatasya na kevalaM tasyArthasyApratilambho yAvadanaprAptirapIti dvitIyaM viSamam / atyantAnanurUpasaMghaTanayorvirUpayozca saMghaTanaM tRtIyaM viSamam / ananurUpasaMsargo hi viSamam / ' ( alaMkArasarvasva pR0 165) athavA jaise koI bhakta kRSNa se kaha rahA hai, he kRSNa, hamane isalie tumhArI ArAdhanA kI ki tuma gopAla ho, ataH hameM pracura dugdha milegA, kintu tumane to (hameM mokSa pradAna kara) hamAre lie mAtA kA dugdhapAna bhI alabhya kara diyaa| yahAM iSTa artha kI prApti ke lie kiye udyama se iSTa kI aprApti tathA aniSTa kI prApti kA udAharaNa hai| jahA~ anartha kA parihAra tathA iSTa artha kI prApti donoM kA udyama pAyA jAya, usakA udAharaNa nimna hai :

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156 kuvalayAnandaH divizritavatazcandraM saiMhikeyabhayAdbhuvi / zazasya pazya tanvaGgi ! sAzrayasya tato bhayam // atra na kevalaM zazasya svAnarthaparihArAnavAptiH, kiMtu sAzrayasyApyanarthAvAptiriti darzitam | parAniSTaprApaNarUpeSTArthasamudyamAt / tadubhayaM yathAdidhakSan mArutervAlaM tamAdIpyaddazAnanaH / AtmIyasya purasyaiva sadyo dahanamanvabhUt // 'purasyaiva' ityevakAreNa parAniSTaprApaNAbhAvo darzitaH / 'aniSTasyApyavAptizca' iti loke'niSTAvApteH 'api' zabdasaMgRhItAyA iSTAnavAptezca pratyekamapi viSamapadenAnvayaH / tatazca kevalAniSTapratilambhaH kevaleSTAnavAptizcetyanyadapi viSamadvayaM lakSitaM bhavati / tatra kevalAniSTapratilambho yathA padmAtapatrarasike sarasIruhasya kiM bIja marpayitumicchasi vApikAyAm / kAlaH kalirjagadidaM na kRtajJamajJe ! sthitvA hariSyati mukhasya tavaiva lakSmIm // atra padmAtapatralipsayA padmabIjAvApaM kRtavatyAstallAbho'styeva, kiMtu mukhazobhAharaNarUpotkaTAniSTapratilambhaH / 'he sundari dekho, pRthvI para zera se Dara kara AkAza meM candramA kA Azraya pAte hue kharagoza ko vahAM 'Azraya sahita saiMhikeya (zera, rAhu ) se bhaya rahatA hai / " yahA~ kharagoza ke apane kevala anartha kA parihAra hI nahIM ho sakA apitu usake Azraya ko bhI anartha kI prApti ho gaI hai| jahA~ dUsare ke aniSTa karane kA iSTArtha samudyama ho, jaise isa padya meM-- 'hanumAn ke bAloM (pU~cha ) ko jalAne kI icchA vAle rAvaNa ne usI samaya apane hI nagara ke dAha kA anubhava kiyA / ' yahA~ 'purasya eva' meM 'eva' ke dvArA dazAnana dUsare kA aniSTa na kara sakA yaha bhAva pratIta hotA hai| tRtIya viSama ke kakSaNa meM 'aniSTasyApyavAptizca' isa zloka meM aniSTavApti tathA iSTAnavApti pratyeka ke sAtha 'api' zabda kA saMgraha hokara donoM kA pUrvokta viSamapada ke sAtha anvaya hotA hai| isa prakAra kevala aniSTaprApti, tathA kevala iSTAnavApti ina do prakAra kA viSama bhI hotA hai / kevala aniSTaprApti kA udAharaNa jaise : koI kavi bAvalI meM kamala ke bIja botI sundarI se kaha rahA hai : 'he mUrkha, tU kamala ke chatra kI icchA se bAvalI meM kamala ke bIja kyoM bo rahI hai ? tujhe patA honA cAhie ki yaha kaliyuga hai, isa saMsAra meM koI bhI kRtajJa nahIM hai / yaha kamala tere hI mukha kI zobhA ko haregA / " yahA~ padmAtapatra kI icchA se kamala bIjoM ko botI sundarI ko padmAtapatra kA lAbha to hotA hI hai, kintu usase mukhazobhAharaNarUpa mahAn aniSTa kI prApti ho rahI hai|

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viSamAlaGkAraH 117 kevaleSTAnavAptiryathA khinno'si muzca zailaM vibhRmo vayamiti vadatsu shithilbhujH| bharabhumavitatabAhuSu gopeSu hasan harirjayati // atra yadyapi zailasyoparipatanarUpAniSTAvAptiH prasaktA, tathApi bhagavatkarAmbujasaMsargamahinA sA na jAteti zailadhAraNarUpeSTAnavAptimAtram / yathA vA loke kalaGkamapahAtumayaM mRgADo / jAto mukhaM tava punastilakacchalena / tatrApi kalpayasi tanvi ! kalaGkarekhAM, - nAryaH samAzritajanaM hi kalaGkayanti / / atrAniSTaparihArarUpeSTAnavAptiH / yathA vA zApo'pyadRSTatanayAnanapadmazobhe sAnugraho bhagavatA mayi pAtito'yam / kRSyAM dahannapi khalu kSitimindhaneddho / bIjapraharojananI dahanaH karoti / / atra praanissttpraapnnruupessttaanvaaptiH| svato'niSTasyApi munizApasya mahAkevala iSTAnavApti kA udAharaNa jaise 'he 'kRSNa' tuma thaka gaye ho, isa parvata ko chor3a do, hama sa~bhAle lete haiN| isa prakAra gopoM ke kahane para hAtha ko DhIlA kara, parvata ke bojhe se TeDhe hue hAtha vAle gopoM ko prati ha~sate hue kRSNa kI jaya ho| yahA~ parvata ke upara girane se gopoM ke lie aniSTa prApti honI cAhie, kintu bhagavAn kRSNa ke karakamala ke saMsarga ke kAraNa yaha aniSTaprApti na ho sakI, ataH yaha kevala parvata rUpa iSTAnavApti kA udAharaNa hai| . athavA jaise he sandari, yaha candramA saMsAra meM apane kalaMka ko miTAne ke lie terA mukha bana gayA, kintu tuma phira tilaka ke vyAja se isameM bhI kalaMkarekhA kI racanA kara rahI ho| saca hai, striyA~ apane Azrita vyakti ko kalaMkita kara hI detI haiN| yahA~ aniSTaparihArarUpa iSTAnavApti hai| athavA jaise dazaratha zravaNa ke andhe pitA se kaha rahe haiM:-'he bhagavan , putra ke mukhakamala ko na dekhane vAle mere prati jo apane yaha zApa diyA hai, yaha mere lie kRpA hI hai| iMdhana se dIpta agni khetI ke yogya pRthvI ko jalAte hue bhI use bIjAkura kI utpAdaka banAtA hai| yahA~ tApasa' dazaratha kA aniSTa karanA cAhate haiM, kintu usase bhI usake iSTa (dazaratha

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kuvalayAnandaH puruSArthaputralAbhAvazyaMbhAvagarbhatayA dazaratheneSTatvena samarthitatvAt / yatra kenacisveSTasiddhyarthaM niyoktenAnyena niyoktariSTamupekSya svasyaiveSTaM sAdhyate tatrApISTAnavAptirUpameva viSamam | yathA yaM prati preSitA dutI tasminneva layaM gtaa| sakhyaH ! pazyata mauDhyaM me vipAkaM vA vidheramum / / 'tasminneva layaM gatA' iti nAyake dUtyAH svAcchandyaM darzitam | yathA vA napuMsakamiti jJAtvA priyAyai preSitaM manaH / tattu tatraiva ramate hatAH pANininA vayam // etAni sarvathaiveSTAnavApterudAharaNAni | kadAcidiSTAvAptipUrvakatadanavAptiryathA madIye varadarAjastave bhAnurnizAsu bhavadaDhimayUkhazobhA lobhAt pratApya kiraNotkaramAprabhAtam / tatroddhRte hutavahAtkSaNaluptarAge tApaM bhajatyanudinaM sa hi mndtaapH|| aniSTa prApaNa) kI prApti nahIM hotI (kyoMki vaha use kRpA kaha rahA hai), ataH yahA~ parAniSTaprApaNarUpa iSTAnavApti hai| kyoMki dazaratha ne apane lie aniSTa munizApa ko bhI isalie iSTa samajhA hai ki usase dazaratha ko mahApuruSArthI putra kA lAbha avazya hogA, yaha pratIta hotA hai| jahA~ kisI vyakti ke dvArA apanI iSTasiddhi ke liye koI vyakti niyukta kiyA jAya aura yaha vyakti niyoktA kI iSTasiddhi kI upekSA kara apanI hI iSTasiddhi kare vahA~ bhI iSTAnavAptirUpa viSama alaGkAra hotA hai, jaise: he sakhiyo, dekho jisake pAsa maiMne dUtI ko bhejA thaa| usI meM jAkara vaha lIna ho gaI / merI mUrkhatA yA daiva ke isa durvipAka ko to dekho|' ___ yahA~ 'tasminneva layaM gatA' ke dvArA nAyikA isa bAta kA saMketa kara rahI hai ki dUtI ne nAyaka ke sAtha svacchandatA (ramaNa) kI hai| athavA jaise 'pANini vyAkaraNa ke anusAra 'mana' ko napuMsaka samajhakara hamane use dUta banAkara priyA ke pAsa bhejA thA, kintu vaha svayaM vahIM ramaNa karane lgaa| pANini ne sacamuca hameM mAra hI ddaalaa|' ye saba iSTAnavApti ke hI udAharaNa haiN| kahIM-kahIM iSTaprApti ke bAda iSTAnavApti pAI jAtI hai, jaise dIkSita ke hI varadarAjastava ke nimnapadyoM meM he bhagavan , yaha sUrya Apake caraNa kiraNoM kI zobhA ko prApta karane ke lobha se hara rAta zAma se lekara prAptaHkAla taka apanI kiraNoM ke samUha ko Aga meM tapAtA hai| prAtaHkAla ke samaya apanI kiraNoM ko Aga meM se nikAlakara kSaNa bhara meM agni samparkajanita raktimA ko khokara yaha mandatApa sUrya pratidina santApa (duHkha) kA anubhava karatA rahatA hai|

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yathA vA viSamAlaGkAraH www 156 tvadvaktrasAmyamayamambujakozamudrAbhaGgAttatatsuSamamitra karopaklRptyA / labdhvApi parvaNi vidhuH kramahIyamAnaH zaMsatyanItyupacitAM zriyamAzunAzAm // atra hyAdyazloke sUryakiraNAnAM rAtriSvagnipravezanamAgamasiddham / sUryasya nija kiraNeSu bhagavazcaraNakiraNasadRzAruNimaprepsayA tatkRtaM teSAmagnau pratApanaM parikalpya teSAmudayakAladRzyamaruNimAnaM ca taptoddhRtanArAcAnAmivAgnisaMtApanaprayuktAruNimAnuvRttiM parikalpya sUryasya mahatApi prayatnena tAtkAlikeSTAvAptireva jAyate, na sArvakAlike STAvAptiriti darzitam / dvitIyazloke candrasya bhagavanmukhalamIM lipsamAnasya suhRtvena 'mitra' zabdazleSavazAt sUryaM parikalpya tatki - raNasya kamalamukulavikAsanaM candrAnupravezanaM ca suhRtpANerbhagavanmukha lakSmInidhAnakozagRhamudrAmocanapUrvakaM tato gRhItabhagavanmukhalakSmIkasya tathA bhagavanmukhalakSmyA candraprasAdhanArthaM candrasparzarUpaM ca parikalpyaitAvatApi prayatnena paurNamA athavA jaise he bhagavan, yaha candramA kamalakozarUpI bhaNDAra ke banda tAle ko tor3akara usakI zobhA ko grahaNa karane vAle apane mitra ke hAthoM (sUrya kI kiraNoM ) se kisI taraha pUrNimA ke dina Apake mukha kI kAnti ko prApta karake bhI kramazaH kSINa hotA huA anIti ke dvArA bar3hI samRddhi ko zIghra hI naSTa hone vAlI saMketita karatA hai / prathama padya meM sUryakiraNoM kA rAta ke samaya agni meM praviSTa honA vedAdi meM varNita hai ( tasmAddivAgnirAdityaM pravizati rAtrAvAdityastam ) / yahA~ isa bAta kI kalpanA kI gaI hai ki sUrya apanI kiraNoM meM bhagavAn ke caraNoM kI kiraNoM ke samAna lAlimA prApta karane kI icchA se unheM agni meM tapAtA hai, sAtha hI isa bAta kI bhI kalpanA kI gaI hai ki sUryakiraNoM kI sUryodaya ke samaya dikhane vAlI lalAI hAla meM tapAye hue Aga se nikAle bANoM kI taraha agni-saMtApana-janita lalAI hai / isa prakAra sUrya meM bhagavaccaraNakiraNakAnti prApta karane kI icchA kI kalpanA karake tathA sUryakiraNoM kI udayakAlIna lalAI meM agnitApajanita lAlimA kI kalpanA kara isa bAta ko darzAyA gayA hai ki itane mahAn kleza ko sahane ke bAda bhI sUrya kI iSTAvApti kevala utane hI samaya ( prAtaHkAla bhara ) ke lie hotI hai, sadA ke lie iSTAvApti nahIM hotI / isI taraha dUsare zloka meM pahale to bhagavAn kI mukhazobhA ko prApta karane kI icchAvAle candramA ke mitra ke rUpa meM mitrazabda ke zleSa dvArA sUrya kI kalpanA kara, sUrya kI kiraNoM ke kamalamukula vikAsana tathA candrapraveza meM mitra ke hAtha ke dvArA bhagavanmukhazobhA ke sthAnabhUta bhANDAra kI mudrA ke tor3ane tathA vahA~ se bhagavanmukhazobhA ko lekara usake dvArA candramA ko khuza karane ke lie candramA ko use dene kI kalpanA karake isa bAta ko darzAyA gayA hai ki itane prayatna karane para bhI candramA kevala pUrNimA ke hI dina bhagavAn ke mukha kI samAnatA rUpa iSTa kI prApti kara pAtA hai, na ki sadA ke liye usa iSTasiddhi ko prApta kara pAtA hai / ( ataH ina donoM udAharaNoM meM iSTAvAsipUrvaka iSTAnavApti kA varNana pAyA jAtA hai | )

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160 kuvalayAnandaH neerinaraaaaaaaaaaaaarmilaranormapammammom.com syAmeva bhagavanmukhasAmyarUpeSTaprAptirjAyate, na sArvakAlikIti darzitam / kaci. diSTAnavAptAvapi tadavAptibhramanibandhanAdvicchittivizeSaH / yathA vAballAlakSoNipAla ! tvadahitanagare saMcarantI kirAtI ratnAnyAdAya kIrNAnyurutarakhadirAGgArazaGkAkulAGgI / kSiptvA zrIkhaNDakhaNDaM tadupari mukulIbhUtanetrA dhamantI zvAsAmodaprasaktairmadhukarapaTaledhUmazaGkAM karoti / / atra prabhUtAgnisaMpAdanodyogAttatsaMpAdanAlAbhe'pi tallAbhabhramo dhUmabhramopanyAsamukhena nibaddhaH / / 60 // 39 samAlaGkAraH samaM syAdvarNanaM yatra dvayorapyanurUpayoH / svAnurUpaM kRtaM sama hAreNa kucamaNDalam // 91 // prathamaviSamapratidvandvIdaM samam / yathA vA kaumudIva tuhinAMzumaNDalaM jAhnavIva zazikhaNDamaNDanam / pazya kIrtiranurUpamAzritA tvAM vibhAti narasiMhabhUpate ! // kahIM iSTaprApti na hone para bhI iSTaprApti ke bhrama kA varNana hone para vizeSa camatkAra pAyA jAtA hai / jaise nimnapadya meM___ koI kavi ballAlanareza kI prazaMsA kara rahA hai :-he ballAlanAmaka bhUpati, tumhAre zatruoM ke bhaga jAne ke kAraNa ujar3e zatrunagaroM meM ghUmatI huI koI bhIlanI idhara-udhara bikhare ratnoM ko bhrAnti se khaira kI lakar3I ke jalate aMgAre samajhakara una para candana ke Tukar3e DAlakara A~kheM bandakara usapara mu~ha se phUMkatI huI, niHzvAsa kI sugandha ke kAraNa Aye hue bhauMroM se dhue~ kI bhrAnti karatI hai| __yahA~ pracura agni kA lAbha prApta karane ke lie kie gae prayatna se agni kI prApti nahIM hote hue bhI dhue~ ke bhrama ke dvArA agnilAbha kA bhrama nibaddha kiyA gayA hai / (ataH yaha bhI eka prakAra kA viSama hI hai|) 39. sama alaMkAra 91-jahA~ do anurUpa padArthoM kA varNana eka sAtha kiyA jAya, vahA~ sama alaMkAra hotA hai| jaise, hAra ne isa nAyikA ke kucamaNDala ko apane yogya nivAsasthAna vanA liyA hai| sama kA yaha bheda viSama alaMkAra ke prathama prakAra kA pratidvadvI hai| athavA jaise he narasiMhabhUpati, yaha kIrti apane yogya tumhArA Azraya pAkara ThIka vase hI suzobhita ho rahI hai, jaise candrikA candrabimba kA Azraya pAkara yA gaMgA mahAdeva kA Azraya paakr|

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samAlaGkAraH 161 citraM citraM bata bata mahaccitrametadvicitraM jAto devAcitaghaTanAsaMvidhAtA vidhAtA / yannimbAnAM pariNataphalasphItirAsvAdanIyA / yaJcaitasyAH kavalanakalAkovidaH kAkalokaH / / pUrva stutiparyavasAyi; idaM tu nindAparyavasAyIti bhedaH / / 61 // sArUpyamapi kAryasya kAraNena samaM viduH / nIcapravaNatA lakSmi ! jalajAyAstavocitA // 92 // idaM dvitIyaviSamapratidvandvi samam / yathA vA davadahanAdutpanno dhUmo ghanatAmavApya varSaistam / yacchamayati tadyuktaM so'pi hi davameva nirdahati / / yathA vA Adau hAlAhalahutabhujA dattahastAvalambo bAlye zambhoniTilamahasA baddhamaitrInirUDhaH / prauDho rAhorapi mukhaviSeNAntaraGgIkRto yaH so'yaM candrastapati kiraNairmAmiti prAptametat / / athavA jaise Azcarya hai, bahuta bar3A Azcarya hai ki brahmA daivayoga se yogya ghaTanA (ucita mela) karAne vAlA hai| pahale to nIma ke pake phaloM kI samRddhi kA AsvAda karanA hai, aura dUsare usako khAne kI kalA meM catura kaue haiM-yaha brahmA kI ucita mela karane kI vidhi ko puSTa karatA hai| ina do udAharaNoM meM yaha bheda hai ki prathama udAharaNa meM sama alaMkAra rAjA kI stuti meM paryavasita ho rahA hai, dUsare udAharaNa meM vaha kaue va nIma kI nindA meM paryavasita ho rahA hai| 92-jahA~ kAraNa tathA kArya meM anurUpatA ho, vaha sama alaMkAra kA dUsarA bheda hai, jaise, he laghima, jala se utpanna hone vAlI (mUrkha se utpanna hone vAlI) tere lie nIca ke prati Asaka honA ThIka hI hai| yaha dUsare prakAra ke viSama kA pratidvandvI sama kA dUsarA prakAra hai| athavA jaise davAgni se utpanna dhuoM bAdala bana kara usI davAgni ko bujhA detA hai, yaha ThIka hI hai, kyoMki vaha davAgni bhI to dava (vana) se paidA hokara use (vana ko) hI jalA detI hai| athavA jaise koI virahiNI candramA kI nindA karatI kaha rahI hai:-'yaha candramA pahale (bacapana meM)viSa kI agni ke dvArA (samudra meM) sahArA diyA gayA, bAda meM bacapana meM bhagavAn mahAdeva ke lalATa kI agni se mitratA karake rahA, usake bAda prauDha hone para ... 11 kuva0

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162 kuvalayAnandaH pUrvatra kAraNasvabhAvAnurUpyaM kAryasyAtrAgantukatadIyaduSTasaMsargAnurUpyamiti bhedaH / / 12 // vinA'niSTaM ca tasiddhiryamathaM kartumudyataH / yukto vAraNalAbho'yaM syAnna te vAraNArthinaH // 13 // iSTaM samamaniSTasyApyavAptizcetyapisaMgRhItasya trividhasyApi viSamasya pratidvandvi, iSTAvApteraniSTasyAprasaGgAcca / atra gajArthita yA rAjAnamupasarpantaM taddauvArikavoyamANaM prati narmavacanamudAharaNam / na cAtra nivAraNamaniSTamApannamityanudA. haraNatvaM zaGkanIyam / rAjadvAri kSaNanivAraNaM saMbhAvitamiti tadaGgIkRtya pravRttasya viSamAlaGkArodAharaNeSvivAtarkitotkaTAniSTApattyabhAvAt / kiM ca yatrAtarkitotka TAniSTasattve'pi zleSamahimneSTArthatvapratItistatrApi samAlaGkAro'pratihata eva / rAhu daitya ke mukhaviSa kI antaraMgatA ko prApta huA hai-vahI yaha candramA mujhe apanI kiraNoM se tapA rahA hai, to yaha nyAyaprApta ( ucita) hI hai| pahale udAharaNa meM isase yaha bheda hai ki vahA~ kAraNa ke svabhAva ke anurUpa kArya kA nibaMdhana kiyA gayA hai, jaba ki yahA~ AgaMtuka kAraNa-candramA ke duSTasaMsarga ke anurUpa kArya kA nibaMdhana kiyA gayA hai| 93-jahA~ kisI vastu kI prApti ke liye kArya ko karane ke liye udyata vyakti ko usa vastu kI prApti binA kisI aniSTa ke ho jAya, vahA~ bhI sama alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise koI vyakti rAjadvAra para phaTakAra khAe hue vyakti se majAka meM kaha rahA hai:-ThIka hai, vAraNa (hAthI) kI icchA vAle tumheM yaha vAraNalAbha ThIka hI to hai na / ___ yaha sama alaMkAra 'aniSTasyAvAptizca' ityAdi ke dvArA saMgRhIta vividha viSama kAtIsare prakAra ke viSama ke tIna avAMtara upabhedoM kA-pratidvandvI hai, kyoMki yahA~ iSTAvApti pAI jAtI hai tathA aniSTa kI prApti kA koI prasaMga nhiiN| isa padya ke uttarArddha meM hAthI pAne kI icchA se rAjA ke pAsa jAte hue rAjadvAra para dvArapAloM dvArA roke gae vyakti ke prati kisI anya vyakti kA narmavacana (parihAsokti) pAyA jAtA hai| yahA~ dvArapAloM dvArA rokA jAnA aniSTa hai. ataH yaha sama ke isa bheda kA udAharaNa nahIM ho sakatA, aisI zaMkA karanA ThIka nhiiN| rAjadvAra para kSaNa bhara nivAraNa kI saMbhAvanA karake hI vaha vyakti usa kArya meM pravRtta huA thA, ataH rAjadvAra para huA nivAraNa viSama alaMkAra ke udAharaNoM kI taraha atarkita (asaMbhAvita) utkaTa AnaSTa kI Apatti nahIM hai| apitu jahA~ asaMbhAvita aniSTa hone para zlepa ke kAraNa iSTa artha kI pratIti hotI ho, vahA~ bhI sama alaMkAra meM koI bAdhA nahIM aatii| TippaNI-laMgArasarvasvakAra ruyyaka ne sama alaMkAra ke tIna prakAra nA mAne he, jasA ki dAkSita ne mAnA hai| karayaka ne sirpha 'nirUpayoH saMghaTanA' vAle viSama kA pratidvandvI eka hI prakAra kA sama ( anurUpayoH saMghaTanA) mAnA hai| 'yadyapi viSamasya bhedatrayamuktaM tathApi tacchabdena saMbhavAdantyo bhedaH parAmRzyate / pUrva bhedadvayaviparyayasyAnalaMkAratvAt / antyabhedaviparyayastu caarutvaatsmaakhyo'lNkaarH| sa cAbhirUpAnabhirUpatvena dvividhH| ( alaMkArasarvasva pR0 167)

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samAlaGkAraH 163 yathA vA uccairgajairaTanamarthayamAna evaM tvAmAzrayaniha cirAduSito'smi rAjan ! / uccATanaM tvamapi lambhayase tadeva / mAmadya naiva viphalA mahatAM hi sevA / atra yadyapi vyAjastutau stutyA nindAbhivyaktivivakSAyAM viSamAlaMkArastathApi prAthamikastutirUpavAcyavivakSAyAM samAlaMkAro na nivAryate / evaM yatreSTArthAvAptisattve'pi zleSavazAdasato'niSTArthasya pratItistatrApi samAlaMkArasya na kSatiH / yathA zakhaM na khalu kartavyamiti pitrA niyojitaH / tadeva zastraM kRtavAn piturAjJA na laccitA / / dIkSita ne isa para bhI tIno viSamoM ke pratidvandvI tIna sama mAnate haiM, paMDitarAja jagannAtha bhI sama ko tIna taraha kA mAnate haiM, ve alaMkArasarvasvakAra ke isI mata kA uddharaNa dekara ruyyaka tathA usake TIkAkAra (vimarzinIkAra jayaratha ) kA khaNDana kahate karate haiM : 'tadubhayamasat' vastuto'nanurUpayorapi kAryakAraNayoH zleSAdinA dharmekyasaMpAdanadvArA'nurUpatAvarNane, vastuto'niSTasyApi tenaivopAyeneSTaikyasaMpattAviSTaprAptivarNane ca cArutAyA anupadameva darzitatvAt / tasmAtsamamapi trividhameva / ( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 608 ) rasikaraMjanAkAra gaMgAdharavAjapeyI ne bhI ruyyaka kA khaMDana kiyA hai| atra sarvasvakArAdayaH prathamadvitIyaviSamapratidvandvisamayo laMkAratvam / vicchittivizeSAbhAvAt / na khalu tantupaTayorguNasAmyavarNane vA odanAtha pAkAdau pravRttyA odanAdinatilambho vA kaacidvicchittiH| kiMtu tadvaiparItyamAnaM na kazcidalaMkAra ityaahuH| vastutastu, 'davadahanAdutpanno dhUma' ityatra 'Adau hAlAhalahutabhuje'tyAdau ca vicchittivizepasyAnubhUyamAnasya tantupaTAdisArUpyasyAcamatkArimAtreNApahnavAyogAt 'uccairgajairiti vyAjastutAveva prAthamikastutirUpavAcyakakSyAyAM pAkAdipravRttyA odanasiddhipratipAdane vicchittyabhA. vamAtreNa na vicchittihIyate / kavipratibhotthApitakAryakAraNasArUpyeSTArthasamudyamAyattAni. viSTavinAkRteSTaprApteralaMkAratvasya cArutAtizayazAlitayA aMgIkartuM yuktatvAditi dik| ( rasikaraMjanI pR0 160) athavA jaise-koI kavi rAjA se kaha rahA hai:'he rAjan , meM tumhAre nagara meM bar3e dinoM se tumhAre Azraya meM isalie par3A hU~ ki maiM unnata hAthiyoM para baiTha kara ghUmanA cAhatA huuN| tuma bhI apane dvArA prArthita uccATana (Upara ghUmanA, dezanikAlA) ko mujhe de rahe ho| saca hai, bar3e logoM kI sevA vyartha nahIM jaatii|' yahA~ yadyapi vyAjastuti meM stuti ke dvArA niMdA kI vyaMjanA vivakSita hone para viSama alaMkAra pAyA jAtA hai, tathApi sarvaprathama vAcyArtha ke rUpa meM stuti kI hI vivakSA pAI jAtI hai aura usameM samAlaMkAra kA nivAraNa nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| isI taraha jahA~ iSTa artha kI prApti hone para bhI zleSa ke kAraNa mithyA aniSTArtha kI pratIti ho, vahA~ bhI sama alaMkAra ko koI kSati na hogI, jaise 'zastra kabhI (grahaNa) na karanA' (na khalu kartavyaM) isa prakAra pitA ke dvArA AdiSTa

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164 kuvalayAnandaH atra 'piturAjJA na laGghitA' ityanena virodhAlaMkArAbhivyaktyarthaM ' na khalu' ityatra padadvayavibhAgAtmakarUpAntarasyApi vivakSAyAH sattve'pi nakhaM lunAtIti 'nakhalu' ityekapadatvena vastusadarthAntarapararUpAntaramAdAya samAlaMkAro'pyastyeva zleSa labdhA'sadiSTAvAptipratItimAtreNApi gatamudAharaNam ! yathAsatyaM tapaH sugatyai yattatvAmbuSu ravipratIkSaM sat / anubhavati sugatimabja tvatpadajanmani samastakamanIyam // 63 // 40 vicitrAlaMkAraH vicitraM tatprayatnazredviparItaH phalecchayA / namanti santatrailokyAdapi labdhuM samunnatim // 94 // yathA vA ww niyituM khalavadanaM vimalayati jaganti deva ! kIrtiste / usane usIko (nakhalu ko, nAkhUna ko kATane pitA kI AjJA kA ullaMghana na kiyA / ' aujAra ko ) zastra banAyA aura isa prakAra yahA~ 'pitA kI AjJA kA ullaMghana na kiyA' isake dvArA virodha alaMkAra kI pratIti ke lie 'nakhalu 'isake 'na khalu' isa prakAra do pada mAnane se bhinna rUpa meM kavi kI vivakSA hone para bhI nakhaM lunAtIti 'nakhalu' ( nAkhUnoM ko kATane kA aujAra) isa eka pada ke dvArA asat artha rUpa vastu ko lekara yaha sama alaMkAra bhI ghaTita ho hI jAtA hai| zleSa ke dvArA pratIta asat artha kI iSTAvApti kI pratIti mAtra kA udAharaNa bhI ho sakatA hai, jaise koI nAyaka nAyikA se kaha rahA hai: - he sundarI, tapa sugati ke lie hotA hai, yaha saca hI hai, kyoMki kamala jala meM raha kara sUrya kI ora dekhA karatA hai aura isa taraha tapasyA karake tumhAre caraNarUpI janma ko prApta kara anya kamaloM se adhika sundara banakara sugati ko prApta karatA hai / ' ( yahA~ 'sugati' ke zleSa ke dvArA iSTAvAptipratItimAtra pAyA jAtA hai, kyoMki uttama loka kI gati ke lie tapa karate hue kamala ko vaha gati to prApta na huI, kiMtu nAyikA ke caraNa vAle janma meM sugati ( suMdara gamana, acchI cAla ) prApta huI / isa prakAra 'gati' zabda ke zleSa para yahA~ kamala ko kevala iSTAvApti kI pratIti hotI hai / ) 40. vicitra alaMkAra 94 - vicitra kAryakAraNamUlaka alaMkAra hai / jahA~ koI vyakti kisI phala kI icchA se koI yatra kare, para vaha yatna kavipratibhA ke kAraNa kAvya meM isa prakAra sannivezita kiyA jAya ki vaha icchAprApti se viparIta ho, to vahA~ vicitra alaMkAra hotA hai / udAharaNa ke liye, sajjana vyakti isa trailokya se unnati prApta karane ke lie namra hote haiM / isa udAharaNa meM unnati prApta karane ke lie aunnatya kA prayatna karanA cAhie, jaba ki sajjana vyakti ThIka usase ulaTA ( namanakriyArUpa ) prayatna kara rahe haiM, ataH yahA~ kAraNa kArya kA vicitra mela hone ke kAraNa, vicitra alaMkAra hai / athavA jaise-- koI kavi apane AzrayadAtA rAjA kI prazaMsA kara rahA hai| he deva, ApakI kIrti duSTa

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adhikAlaGkAraH 165 mitrAlAdaM kartuM mitrAya druhyati pratApo'pi // 4 // 41 adhikAlaGkAraH adhikaM pRthulAdhArAdAdheyAdhikyavarNanam / brahmANDAni jale yatra tatra mAnti na te gunnaaH||95|| atra 'yatra mahAjalaughe'nantAni brahmANDAni budbudakalpAni' ityAdhArasyAtivizAlatvaM pradarzya tatra 'na mAnti' ityAdheyAnAM guNAnAmAdhikyaM varNitam / yathA vA (mAghe 1|23)yugaantkaalprtisNhRtaatmno jaganti yasyAM savikAzamAsata / tanau mamustatra na kaiTabhadviSastapodhanAbhyAgamasambhavA mudaH / / 65 // vyaktiyoM ke mukha ko malina banAne ke lie, samasta saMsAra ko nirmala banA rahI hai, aura ApakA pratApa mitroM ko sukha dene ke lie hI mitra (sUrya) se zatrutA kara rahA hai-teja se sUrya kI hoDa kara rahA hai| . yahA~ duSTamukhamalInIkaraNa rUpa kArya ke lie, jagadvimalIkaraNa viparIta prayatna hai, aise hI mitrasukhavidhAna ke lie mitradroha bhI viparIta prayatna hai, isalie vicitra alaMkAra hai| isa udAharaNa ke uttarArdha meM vicitra alaMkAra dUsare 'mitra' ke dUdharthaprayoga (zleSa) para Arata hai| 41. adhika 95-jahA~ AdhAra atyadhika vizAla ho, kiMtu phira bhI kavi (apanI pratibhA ke kAraNa) Adheya padArtha kA varNana isa DhaMga se kare ki vaha AdhAra se adhika batAyA jAya, vahA~ adhika alaMkAra hotA hai / yathA , he rAjan jisa mahAsamudra ke jala meM samasta (anekoM) brahmANDa samAye hue haiM vahA~ tumhAre guNa nahIM samA paate| isa udAharaNa meM rAjA ke guNoM kI adhikatA vyaMjita karanA kavi kA abhISTa hai / yahA~ guNa Adheya haiM' jala AdhAra / jala itanA vizAla (pRthula) hai ki usa ananta mahAjalaugha (jala ke mahAn samUha) meM ananta brahmANDa bubud ke samAna dikhAI par3ate haiM / kavi ne isa ukti ke dvArA jala kI vizAlatA kA saMketa kiyA hai, para isakA saMketa karane para bhI '(tumhAre guNa) nahIM samAte' isa ukti ke dvArAAdheya-rAjA ke guNoM-kI adhikatA varNita kI hai| isa prakAra yahA~ adhika alaMkAra hai / athavA jaise, prastuta padya zizupAlavadha ke prathama sarga se uddhRta hai / devarSi nArada ke Ane para zrIkRSNa ko jo anupama Ananda hotA hai, usakA varNana kiyA jA rahA hai / kaiTabhadaitya ke mArane vAle una viSNurUpa kRSNa ke jisa zarIra meM pralayakAla ke samaya apane ApameM sameTe hue samasta loka maje se samAviSTa ho jAte the, usI zarIra meM devarSi nArada ke Agamana se utpanna Ananda na samA paayaa| yahA~ kRSNa kA zarIra AdhAra hai, Ananda aadhey| pralayakAla meM samasta lokoM kA viSNu ke zarIra meM samAviSTa ho jAnA, kRSNa ke zarIra (AdhAra) kI vizAlatA kA dyotaka hai| itanA hone para bhI nAradAgamanajanita prasannatA (Adheya) kI adhikatA kA varNana karane ke kAraNa adhika alaMkAra hai| isI udAharaNa meM kRSNa ke lie 'kaiTabhadviSaH' vizeSya

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166 kuvalayAnandaH pRthvAdheyAyadAdhArAdhikyaM tadapi tanmatam / kiyadvAgbrahma yatraite vizrAmyanti guNAstava // 96 // atra 'ete' iti pratyakSadRSTamahAvaibhavatvenoktAnAM guNAnAM 'vizrAmyanti' ityasambAdhAvasthAnoktyA AdhArasya vAgbrahmaNa AdhikyaM varNitam / yathA vA aho vizAlaM bhUpAla ! bhuvanatritayodaram / mAti mAtumazakyo'pi yazorAziryatra te / / atra yadyapyudAharaNadvaye'pi 'kiyadvAgbrahma' iti 'aho vizAlam' iti cAdhArayoH prazaMsA kriyate, tathApi tanutvena siddhavatkRtayoH zabdabrahmabhavanodarayorguNa. yazorAzyadhikaraNatvenAdhikatvaM prakalpyaiva prazaMsA kriyata iti tatprazaMsA prastutaguNayazorAziprazaMsAyAmeva paryavasyati / / 66 / / kA prayoga sAbhiprAya hai, jo kRSNa ke pralayakAlIna yoganidrAgata rUpa kA saMketa karatA hai| ataH isameM parikarAMkura alaMkAra bhI hai| ___96-jahA~ vizAla Adheya se bhI AdhAra kI adhikatA adhika batAI gaI ho, vahA~ bhI adhika alaMkAra hI hotA hai| jaise, he bhagavAn , jisa vANI (vAgbrahma) meM ye tumhAre aparimita guNa samA jAte haiM, vaha zabdabrahma kitanA mahAn hogA? . yahA~ para guNoM ke sAtha 'ye' (ete) kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| isake dvArA guNoM kA vaibhava pratyakSa anubhava kA viSaya hai, tathA guNa atyadhika haiM, kiMtu ve guNa bhI zabdabrahma meM vizrAnta hote haiM, isa prakAra ve binA kisI saMkaTa ke maje se usa AdhAra (zabdabrahma) meM sthita rahate haiM, isa ukti ke dvArA AdhArabhUta zabdabrahma kI adhikatA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / ataH yahA~ AdhAra ke pRthula Adheya se bhI adhika varNita kiye jAne ke kAraNa adhika alaMkAra hai| athavA jaise, koI kavi AzrayadAtA rAjA kI prazaMsA kara rahA hai: he rAjan , bar3A Azcarya hai, ina tInoM lokoM kA udara kitanA vizAla hai, kyoMki tumhArA aparimeya yazaHsamUha bhI-jo bar3I kaThinatA se samA sakatA hai-isa bhuvanatraya ke udara meM samA jAtA hai| ___ina donoM udAharaNoM meM yadyapi kavi ne vAcyarUpa meM kiyadvArabrahma' tathA 'aho vizAlaM' Adi ke dvArA AdhAra (zabdabrahma aura bhuvanatraya) kI hI prazaMsA kI hai, tathApi zabdabrahma tathA bhuvanatrayodara ko yahA~ adhika choTA siddha kiyA gayA hai, jinake choTe hone para bhI guNa aura yazorAzirUpa Adheya samA jAte haiM, yahI to Azcarya kA viSaya hai. aba yahA~ zabdabrahma tathA bhuvanatrayodara kI prazaMsA unheM choTA tathA guNa aura yazorAzi ko adhika banA kara hI kI gaI hai, aura isa prakAra unakI prasaMsA vastutaH guNa tathA yazorAzi kI hI prasaMsA meM paryavasita ho jAtI hai|| * isalie yadi koI yaha zaMkA kare ki yahA~ para zabdabrahmAdi aprastuta kI prasaMsA karanA, unake Adhikya kA varNana karanA ayukta hai, tathA yaha bhI zaMkA kare ki yahA~ aprastuta kI

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alpAlaGkAraH 167 aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa 42 alpAlaGkAraH alpaM tu sUkSmAdAdheyAdyadAdhArasya sUkSmatA / maNimAlomikA te'dya kare japavaTIyate // 97 // atra maNimAlAmayyUmikA tAvadaGgulimAtraparimitatvAtsUkSmA sApi virahiNyAH kare kaGkaNavatpravezitA tasmin japamAlAvallambata ityuktyA tato'pi karasya virahakAzyodatisUkSmatA darzitA / yathA vA yanmadhyadezAdapi te sUkSmaM lolAkSi ! dRzyate / mRNAlasUtramapi te na sammAti stanAntare / / 67 // prazaMsA ke kAraNa aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra kyoM nahIM mAnA jAtA, to isakA samAdhAna, yaha hai ki yahA~ aprastuta (zabdabrahmAdi) ke sAtha hI sAtha prastuta (guNayazorAzi)kA bhI vAcyarUpa meM abhidhAna kiyA gayA hai, ataH aprastutaprazaMsA nahIM ho sktii| TippaNI-nanvAdhArayoH zabdabrahmabhuvanatrayodarayoraprastutatvenAprazaMsanIyasvAttadAdhikya. varNanamayuktamityAzaGkayAha-ali, na cAtrAprastutaprazaMsA zaGkanIyA, prastutasyApyabhidhAnAditi / ( alaMkAra candrikA) 42. alpa alaMkAra 97-alpa alaMkAra adhika alaMkAra kA bilakula ulaTA hai| jahA~ Adheya atyadhika, sUkSma ho, kiMtu kavi AdhAra ko usase bhI sUcama batAye, vahA~ alpa alaMkAra hotA hai| jaise, maNimAlAmayI aMgUThI Aja (virahadazA ke kAraNa) tumhAre hAtha meM japamAlA-sI pratIta ho rahI hai| yahA~ maNimAlAmayI mudrikA aMgulimAtra parimAga kI hai, ataH atyadhika sUkSma hai, para vaha sUcama mudrikA bhI virahiNI ke hAtha meM kaMkaNa kI taraha praviSTa ho kara japamAlA ke rUpa meM laTaka rahI hai, isa ukti ke dvArA kavi ne virahakRzatA ke kAraNa kara ko mudrikA se bhI adhika sUkSma batAyA hai| isa prakAra yahA~ AdhAra (kara)kI sUkSmatA sUkSma Adheya (mudrikA, UrmikA) se bhI adhika batAI gaI hai, ataH yahA~ sUkSma alaMkAra hai| TippaNI-isI kA eka udAharaNa hiMdI ke rItikAlIna kavi kezava kA yaha prasiddha dohA hai / tuma pUchata kahi mudrike, mauna hoti yA nAma / kaMkana kI padavI daI, tuma bina yA kaha rAma // (rAmacandrikA). athavA jaise, he caMcala netroM vAlI sundari, jo mRNAlasUtra tumhAre madhyadeza se bhI adhika sUkSma dikhAI detA hai, vaha bhI tumhAre stanoM ke bIca meM avakAza nahIM pAtA ? (tumhAre stana itane nibir3a tathA saghana haiM, paraspara itane saMzliSTa haiM ki eka sUkSmAtisUkSma mRNAlasUtra / bhI unake bIca nahIM samA sktaa)| __ yahA~ mRNAlasUtra (Adheya) kI sUkSmatA zloka ke pUrvArdha meM use madhyadeza se bhI sUcama batA kara varNita kI gaI hai| para uttarArdha meM usake AdhAra (stanAntara) ko usase bhI sUcama batA diyA gayA hai, ataH yahA~ alpa alaMkAra hai| TippaNI-sI bhAva kI eka ukti kAlidAsa ke kumArasaMbhava meM bhI pAI jAtI hai:

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kuvalayAnandaH 43 anyonyAlaGkAraH anyonyaM nAma yatra syAdupakAraH parasparam / triyAmA zazinA bhAti zazI bhAti triyAmayA // 68 // yathA vA yathovardhAkSaH pibatyambu pathiko viralAGguliH / tathA prapApAlikApi dhArAM vitanute tanum / / atra prapApAlikAyAH pathikena svAsaktyA pAnIyadAnavyAjena bahakAlaM svamukhAvalokanamabhilaSantyA viralAGgulikaraNatazciraM pAnIyadAnAnuvRttisampA. 'bhRNAlasUtrAntaramapyalabhyam // ' yahA~ yaha saMketa kara denA anAvazyaka na hogA ki alpa nAmaka alaMkAra anya AlaMkArikoM ne nahIM mAnA hai| mammaTa, ruyyaka, jayadeva tathA paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne isakA saMketa bhI nahIM kiyA hai| appayadIkSita ne svayaM yaha alaMkAra kalpita kiyA jAna par3atA hai| anya AlaMkArika ise adhika alaMkAra kA hI bheda mAnate jAna par3ate haiM / nAgeza ne kAvyaprakAza udyota meM alpa ko alaga alaMkAra mAnane ke mata kA khaNDana kiyA hai :__ 'tena yatra sUcamatvAtizayavata AdhArAdheyAdvA tadanyatarasyAtisUkSmatvaM varNyate tatrApya yam / yathA-'maNimAlomikA te'dya kare japavaTIyate' atra maNimAlAmayI urmikA aMgulI mitatvAdatisUkSmA, sA'pi virahiNyAH kare tatkaMkaNavatpravezitA tasmiJjapamAlAvallambate ityuktyA tato'pi karasya virahakAryAdatisUkSmatA darzitA / etena IdRze viSaye'lpaM nAma pRthagalaMkAra ityapAstam / udyota (kAvyaprakAza pR0 559 ) 43. anyonya alaGkAra .. 98-jahA~ do varNya paraspara eka dUsare kA upakAra kareM, vahA~ anyonya alaGkAra hotA hai / jaise, rAtri candramA ke dvArA suzobhita hotI hai aura candramA rAtri ke dvaaraa| __ yahA~ candramA rAtri kA upakAra kara rahA hai, rAtri candramA kA upakAra kara rahI hai, donoM eka dUsare kA paraspara upakAra kara rahe haiM, ataH yahA~ anyonya alaGkAra hai| athavA jaise, koI rAhagIra kisI pyAu para pAnI pI rahA hai| pAnI pilAne vAlI prapApAlikA koI sundarI yuvatI hai| use dekhakara rAhagIra pAnI pInA bhUla jAtA hai| vaha hAtha kI aMguliyoM ko asaMlagna kara detA hai, tAki prapApAlikA ke dvArA girAyA huA pAnI nIce bahatA rahe aura isa bahAne vaha pAnI pItA rhe| prapApAlikA bhI usake bhAva ko tAr3a jAtI hai, vaha samajha jAtI hai ki yaha jala pIne kA bahAnA hai, vastutaH vaha usake 'pAnipa' kA pipAsu hai| vaha bhI pAnI kI dhArA ko manda kara detI hai, tAki rAhagIra ko yatheSTa darzanAvasara mile| 'pathika jaise hI virala aMguliyA~ kie, Upara A~khe uThAe, pAnI pI rahA hai, vaise hI prapApAlikA bhI pAnI kI dhArA ko mandA kara detI hai|' / yahA~ rAhagIra ne aMguliyoM ko virala (asaMlagna ) karake bar3I dera pAnI dene kI (mauna) prArthanA ke dvArA usa prapApAlikA, jo pAnI pilAne ke bahAne apane prati logoM kA bar3I.

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vizeSAlaGkAraH 166 danenopakAraH kRtaH / tathA prapApAlikayApi pAnIyapAnavyAjena ciraM svamukhAvalokanamabhilaSataH pathikasya dhArAtanUkaraNatazciraM pAnIyapAnAnuvRttisampAdanenopakAraH kRtaH / atrobhayoApArAbhyAM svasvopakArasadbhAve'pi parasparopakAro'pi na nivAryate / / 18 // 44 vizeSAlaGkAraH vizeSaH khyAtamAdhAraM vinApyAdheyavarNanam / gate'pi sUrye dIpasthAstamazchindanti tatkarAH // 99 // dera taka AkarSaNa pasanda karatI hai, bar3I dera taka apane mukha kA avalokana karAnA cAhatI hai-upakAra kiyA hai| isI prakAra prapApAlikA ne pAnI pIne ke bahAne bar3I dera taka apane mukha ko dekhane kI icchA vAle pathika kA-jala kI dhArA ko mandA banAkara pAnI pilAne kI ceSTA ke dvArA-upakAra kiyA hai| isa prakAra donoM ne eka dUsare kA upakAra kiyA hai, ataH yahA~ anyonya alaGkAra hai| yahA~ yadyapi donoM-pathika aura prapApAlikAke vyApAra ke dvArA apanA apanA upakAra kiyA jA rahA hai, tathApi ve eka dUsare kA bhI upakAra avazya kara rahe haiM, ataH unake dvArA vihita parasparopakAra kA niSedha nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| TippaNI-paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne isa sambandha meM kuvalayAnandakAra ke isa udAharaNa kI AlocanA kI hai| ve isa viSaya meM appayadIkSita kI mImAMsA se doSa batAte haiM / prathama, to dIkSita jI kI 'atra prapApAlikAyAH "pAnIyadAmAnuvRttisaMpAdanenopakAraH kRtaH' isa vRttibhAga kI padaracanA ko hI paNDitarAja ne duSTa tathA vyutpattizithila batAyA hai| 'tAvadiyaM padaracanaivAyuSmato granthakarturyutpattizaithilyamudvirati / (rasa0 pR0 612 ) yahA~ prapApAlikA ke sAtha pahale vAkya meM prayukta 'svamukhAvalokanamabhilaSantyA' tathA dvitIya vAkya meM pathika ke sAtha prayukta 'svamukhAvalokanamabhilaSataH' meM prayukta 'sva' zabda kA bodhakatva ThIka nahIM baiThatA; yaha padaracanA itanI zithila hai ki prathama 'sva' zabda pAntha ke sAtha anvita jAna par3atA hai, dUsarA 'sva' zabda prapApAlikA ke sAtha / jaba ki kavi kA bhAva bhinna hai| ataH yaha 'sva' zabda kA prayoga ThIka usI taraha duSTa hai, jaise 'nijatanusvacchalAvaNyavApIsaMbhUtAmbhojazobhAM vidadhadabhinavo daNDapAdo bhavAnyA:' meM 'bhavAnyA:' ke sAtha abhISTasambandha 'nija' zabda 'daNDapAda:' ke saMbaddha jAna par3atA hai| dUsare, yaha udAharaNa bhI 'anyonya' alaMkAra kA nahIM hai| yahA~ pathika ne aMguliyA~ isalie virala kara rakhI haiM ki vaha khuda prapAlikA ko dekhanA cAhatA hai, isI taraha prapAlikA ne dhArA isalie mandI kara dI hai ki vaha khuda pathika ke mukha ko dekhanA cAhatI hai, isa prakAra yahA~ 'sva-svakartRkacirakAladarzana' hI abhISTa hai tathA vahI camatkArI hai, 'parakartRkacirakAlanijadarzana' nahIM, ataH parasparopakAra nahIM hai| isaliye anyonya alaMkAra ke udAharaNa ke rUpa meM isa padya kA upanyAsa ThIka nahIM jAna pdd'taa| (iha hi dhArAvanUkaraNA 1liviralIkaraNayoH kartRbhyAM sva-svakartRkacirakAladarzanArtha prayuktayostatraivopayogazcamatkArI, nAnyakartRkacirakAladarzana ityanudAharaNamevaitadasyAlaGkArasyeti sahRdayA vicArayantu / ) (rasagaMgAdhara pR0 614) 44. vizeSa alaGkAra 99-hama dekhate haiM ki koI bhI Adheya kisI AdhAra ke binA sthita nahIM raha paataa| kavi kabhI-kabhI apanI pratibhA se AdhAra ke binA bhI Adheya kA varNana karA detA hai|

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kuvalayAnandaH yathA vA kamalamanambhasi kamale kuvalaye tAni kanakalatikAyAm / sA ca sukumArasubhagetyutpAtaparamparA keyam // atrAye sUryasya prasiddhAdhArasyAbhAve'pi tatkarANAmanyatrAvasthitiruktA / dvitIye tvambhasaHprasiddhAdhArasyAbhAve'pi kml-kuvlyyornytraavsthitiruktaa| kvacitprasiddhAdhArarahitAnAmAdhArAntaranirdezaM vinavApralayamavasthitevarNanaM dRshyte| yathA vA ( rudraTA0 ) divamapyupayAtAnAmAkalpamanalpaguNagaNA yeSAm / ramayanti jaganti giraH kathamiha kavayo na te vandyAH / / atra kavInAmabhAve'pi tadvirAmAdhArAntaranirdezaM vinavApralayamavasthitivarNitA // 6 // jahA~ kisI prasiddha AdhAra ke binA hI Adheya kA varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ vizeSa alaGkAra hotA hai / jaise, sUrya ke cale jAne para (asta ho jAne para) bhI usakI kiraNe dIpaka meM sthita rahakara andhakAra kA nAza karatI haiN| yahA~ sUrya kI kiraNeM Adheya haiM, sUrya AdhAra, sUryarUpa prasiddha AdhAra ke binAbhI yahA~ takiraNoM (Adheya) kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, ataH yahA~ 'vizeSa' alaGkAra hai| athavA jaise, _ 'patA nahIM' yaha kauna sI utpAta paramparA hai binA pAnI ke bhI kamala (mu~ha) vidyamAna hai aura usa kamala meM bhI do kamala ( netra) haiM / ye tInoM kamala suvarNa kI latA (sundarI kA kalevara) meM lage hue haiN| yaha suvarNa kI latA atyadhika komala tathA sundara hai|' yahA~ kavi kisI nAyikA kA varNana kara rahA hai, use nAyikA kI suvarNalatA sadRza gAtrayaSTi kI sukumAratA tathA usameM vidyamAna kamalasadRza mukha tathA kuvalayadvayasadRza netradvaya kA varNana karanA abhISTa hai| kintu yahA~ bhI binA jala (AdhAra ) ke kamala (Adheya) kI sthiti kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, ataH vizeSa alaGkAra hai| ___ yahA~ prathama udAharaNa meM sUrya apanI kiraNoM kA prasiddha AdhAra hai, usake abhAva meM bhI sUryakiraNoM kI sthiti kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isI taraha dUsare udAharaNa meM jala kamala kA prasiddha AdhAra hai, usake binA bhI kamala kuvalaya kI kanakalatikA meM sthiti varNita kI gaI hai| (ataH AdhAra ke vinA Adheya kA varNana hone se, vizeSa alaMkAra hai|) kabhI-kabhI prasiddha AdhAra se rahita AdheyoM kA koI anya AdhAra nahIM batAyA jAtA (jaise pUrvodAhRta udAharaNoM meM dIpaka tathA kanakalatikA ke AdhArAntara kI kalpanA kI gaI hai) tathA kisI AdhAravizeSa ke binA hI unakI Apralayasthiti kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai| jaise___yadyapi kavi svarga ko cale jAte haiM, tathApi unakI atyadhika guNoM se yukta vANI pralayaparyanta (Akalpa) samasta lokoM ko prasanna kiyA karatI haiN| bhalA batAiye, aise kavi kyoM kara vandanIya nahIM haiM ? arthAt aise kavi niHsaMdeha baMdanIya haiM, jinakI vANI unake svargata hone para bhI samasta lokoM ko Akalpa AnaMdita karatI rahatI haiN| yahA~ kavi AdhAra hai, vANI Adheya / kavirUpa AdhAra ke svargata hone para usake

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vizeSAlaGkAraH . vizeSaH so'pi yadyekaM vastvanekatra varNyate / antarbahiH puraH pazcAt sarvadikSvapi saiva me // 10 // yathA vA hRdayAtrApayAto'si dikSu sarvAsu dRzyase / vatsa rAma ! gato'sIti santApenAnumIyase / / 100 / / .kiMcidArambhato'zakyavastvantarakRtizca sH| . tvAM pazyatA mayA labdhaM kalpavRkSanirIkSaNam // 101 // abhAva meM bhI kisI anya AdhAra kA nirdeza na karate hue Adheya (kavigirA) kI Apralaya sthiti kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha bhI vizeSa alaMkAra hai| 100-jahA~ eka hI vastu kA anekanna varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ bhI vizeSa alaMkAra hI hotA hai| jaise, he vatsa rAma, tuma mere hRdaya se nahIM haTate ho, mujhe sArI dizAoM meM tumhI dikhAI dete ho, he rAma, tuma vaise to merI A~khoM ke sAmane ho, mujhe hara dizA meM dikhAI de rahe ho, para yaha saMtApa isa bAta kA anumAna karA rahA hai ki tuma cale gaye ho / yahA~ rAma kA anekatra varNana kiyA gayA hai, ataH vizeSa alaMkAra hai|| TippaNI-vizeSa alaMkAra ke isa dUsare bheda kA eka udArahaNa yaha diyA jA sakatA hai: prAsAde sA pathi pathi ca sA pRSThataH sA puraHsA, paryaH sA dizi dizi ca sA tadviyogAturasya / haMho cetaHprakRtiraparA nAsti me kApi sA sA sA sA sA sA jagati sakale koymdvaitvaadH|| 101-jahA~ kisI vastu ke AraMbha se anya azakya vastu kI racanA kA varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ bhI vizeSa (tIsarA bheda) hotA hai| jaise, he rAjan , tumheM dekhakara maiMne kalpavRkSa kA darzana kara liyA hai| yahA~ rAjA ke darzanAraMbha se kalpavRkSarUpa azakya vastvantara (dUsarI vastu) ke darzana kI kalpanA kI gaI hai| ataH yahA~ vizeSa kA tIsarA prakAra hai| TippaNI-paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne vizeSa alaMkAra ke tIsare prakAra kA vivecana karate hue prAcInoM kA mata diyA hai, tathA unake anusAra isa prakAra kI azakyavastvaMtarakaraNapUrvaka zailI meM vizeSa alaMkAra mAnA hai| isI saMbaMdha meM 'yena dRSTo'si deva svaM tena dRSTaH surezvaraH' isa udAharaNa meM unhoMne vizeSa alaMkAra nahIM mAnA hai| ve yahA~ nidarzanA alaMkAra mAnate haiN| isI taraha kuvalayAnaMdakAra ke dvArA udAharaNa 'svAM pazyatA mayA labdhaM kalpavRkSanirIkSaNam' meM bhI ve nidarzanA hI mAnate haiM / ve isa saMbaMdha meM do udAharaNa dete haiM :1. kiM nAma tena na kRtaM sukRtaM purAre dAsIkRtA na khalu kA bhuvaneSu lakSmIH / bhogA na ke bubhujire bibudheralabhyA yenArcitosi karugAkara helayApi // yahA~ purAri kI pUjA karane se trivarga kA azakyavastvantarakaraNatva varNita hai| yahA~ zivapUjA ke sAtha puNya karaNAdi kI koI sAdRzyavivakSA nahIM pAI jAtI, ataH isameM nidarzanA nahIM mAnA jA sakatI, jaisA kuvalayAnandakAra ke dvArA diye gaye udAharaNa meM hai| yahA~ vizeSa kA tIsarA bheda hai|

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172 thathA vA kuvalayAnandaH sphuradadbhutarUpamutpratApajvalanaM tvAM sRjatAnavadyavidyam | vidhinA sasRje navo manobhUrbhuvi satyaM savitA bRhaspatizca // atrAdye rAjadarzanArambheNa kalpavRkSadarzanarUpAzakyavastvantarakRtiH / dvitIye rAjasRSTayArambheNa manobhtrAdisRSTirUpA'zakyavastvantarakRtiH / / 101 / 45 vyAghAtAlaGkAraH syAdvayAghAto'nthAkAri tathA'kAri kriyeta ceta / yairjagatprIyate, hanti taireva kusumAyudhaH // 102 // yad yatsAdhanatvena loke'vagataM tat kenacittadviruddhasAdhanaM kriyeta cetsa vyAghAtaH / yadvA, -- yat, sAdhanatayA kenacidupAttaM tadanyena tatpratidvandvinA dviruddhasAdhanaM kriyeta cetso'pi vyAghAtaH / tatrAdya udAhRtaH / 2. lobhAdvarATikAnAM vikretuM takramaviratamaTantyA / labdho gopakizoryA madhyerathyaM mahendranIlamaNiH // isa udAharaNa meM praharSaNa tathA vizeSa alaMkAra kA saMkara pAyA jAtA hai / athavA jaise-- koI kavi AzrayadAtA rAjA kI sundaratA, pratApa tathA buddhimattA kI prazaMsA kara rahA hai / he rAjan, atyadhika adbhuta sauMdarya vAle, pratApa se jAjvalyamAna aura niSkaluSa pavitra vidyA vAle tumheM banA kara brahmA ne niHsaMdeha pRthvI para navIna kAmadeva, sUrya tathA bRhaspati kI ( eka sAtha ) racanA kI hai / ina donoM udAharaNoM meM prathama meM rAjadarzanAraMbha ke dvArA kalpavRkSadarzana rUpa azakya vastvaMtara kI kalpanA kI gaI hai / isa dUsare udAharaNa meM rAjA kI racanA ke Arambha ke dvArA navIna kAmadeva, sUrya tathA bRhaspati kI sRSTi vAlI azakyavastvaMtarakRti pAI jAtI hai | ataH ina donoM udAharaNoM meM vizeSa alaMkAra hai / 45. vyAghAta alaMkAra 102 - jahA~ kisI kAryavizeSa ke sAdhana ke rUpa meM prasiddha koI padArtha usa kArya viruddha kArya ko utpanna kare, vahA~ vyAghAta alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, jina puSpoM se saMsAra prasanna hotA hai, unhIM puSpoM se kAmadeva saMsAra ko mAratA hai / yahA~ puSpa virahiyoM ke lie saMtApaka hote haiM, isakA saMketa kiyA gayA hai / puSpa vastutaH prasannatAprada hai, kiMtu usase hI tadviruddha kriyA - saMtApa kI utpatti batAyI gayI hai / ataH puSpa ke viruddha kriyotpAdaka hone ke kAraNa yahA~ vyAghAta alaMkAra huA / jahA~ koI padArtha kisI vizeSa kArya ke sAdhana rUpa meM saMsAra meM prasiddha ho, tathA usI padArtha se kisI usa kArya se viruddha kArya kI siddhi ho to vahA~ vyAghAta alaMkAra hotA hai / athavA, jahA~ kisI kArya ke liye koI sAdhana abhISTa ho, kiMtu usa sAdhana se viruddha pratidvandvI anya sAdhana ke dvArA usake viruddha kArya kI siddhi ho jAya, vahA~ bhI vyAghAta hotA hai| isameM prathama koTi kA udAharaNa 'yairjagatmIyate' ityAdi diyA gayA hai / dUsare kA udAharaNa nimna hai :

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vyAghAtAlaGkAraH dvitIyo yathA (viddha0 bha0 111 ) - dRzA dagdhaM manasijaM jIvayanti dRzaiva yAH / virUpAkSasya jayinIstAH stuve vAmalocanAH // 102 // saukaryeNa nibaddhApi kriyA kAryavirodhinI / 173 dayA ced bAla iti mayyaparityAjya eva te / / 103 // kAryavizeSaniSpAdakatayA kenacitsambhAvyamAnArthAdanyena kAryavirodhikriyAsaukaryeNa samarthyate cet so'pi vyAghAtaH / kAryaviruddhakriyAyAM saukaryaM kAra - Nasya sutarAM tadAnuguNyam / yathA jaitrayAtronmukhena rAjJA yuvarAjasya rAjya eva virUpAta mahAdeva ko ( bhI ) jItane vAlI una vAmalocanAoM ( sundariyoM) kI maiM stuti karatA hU~, jo ziva ke dvArA (tRtIya) netra se jalAe hue kAmadeva ko netroM se hI punarjIvita kara detI hai / yahA~ ziva ke netra ne kAmadeva ko bhasma kara diyA, para usake pratidvandvI sundarInetroM ne punaH use jIvita kara, tadviparItakriyA kara dI / ataH yahA~ vyAghrAta hai / TippaNI- isa udAharaNa ke sambandha meM paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne eka pUrvapakSImata kA saMketa diyA hai, jo yahA~ vyAghAta alaMkAra na mAnakara isakA antarbhAva vyatireka alaMkAra meM hI mAnate haiM / isa pUrvapakSa ke matAnusAra vyAghAta alaMkAra vastutaH vyatireka alaMkAra kA mUla hai, ataH use svayaM alaMkAra mAnanA ThIka nahIM, kyoMki kisI alaMkAra kA utthApaka svayaM bhI alaMkAra hotA ho, aisA koI niyama nahIM hai / vyAghAta alaMkAra ke sthala meM niyamataH vyatireka alaMkAra phalarUpa meM avazya hotA hai / isa pUrvapakSa kA uttara dete hue siddhAnta pakSa kI sthApanA karate kahA gayA hai ki yadyapi vvAghAta alaMkAra sarvatra vyatireka kA utthApaka hai, tathApi hama dekhate haiM ki prAcIna AlaMkArikoM ne kaI aise alaMkAroM ko jo anya alaMkAroM se saMbaddha haiM, isalie pRthaka alaMkAra mAna liyA hai ki ve pRthaka rUpa se vicchitti ( camatkAra yA zobhA ) vizeSa ke utpAdaka hote haiM, isI taraha yahA~ bhI vyAghAtAMza ke vicchittivizeSa janaka hone ke kAraNa use vyatireka se bhinna alaMkAra mAnA gayA hai / ( tasmAdalaMkArAntarAvinAbhUtAlaMkArAntaravadihApyavAntaro'sti vicchittivizeSo'laMkArabhedaka iti prAcAmuktirevAtra zaraNam / (rasagaMgAdhara pR0 619 ) 103 - isI alaMkAra ke anya bheda kA varNana karate haiM : -- jahA~ kAraNAnukUla hone para kavi kriyA kA isa prakAra varNana kare ki vaha anya vyakti ko abhimata kArya ke viruddha ho, vahA~ vyAghAta kA anya prakAra hotA hai / jaise, koI rAjA yuvarAja ko bAlaka samajha kara apane sAtha yuddha meM nahIM le jAnA cAhatA / isI kA uttara dete hue rAjakumAra kahatA hai ki yadi mujhe bAlaka samajha kara Apa mere prati dayA karane ke kAraNa mujhe sAtha nahIM le jA rahe haiM, to phira maiM bAlaka hone ke kAraNa aparityAjya hU~- maiM bAlaka hU~ isaliye mujhe Apake dvArA akelA pIche chor3A jAnA bhI to ThIka nahIM / zeSa kArya ke hetu hone ke kAraNa kisI hetu ke sambhAvita artha se bhinna kArya kI virodhI kriyA ke kAraNa rUpa meM usI hetu kA samarthana kare, vahA~ bhI vyAghAta alaMkAra hotA hai| kisI kArya se viruddha anya kriyA meM saukarya hone kA tAtparya yaha hai ki kAraNa usa kriyA ke sarvathA anukUla bana jAya / jaise, jaya ke lie prasthita rAjA ne jisa bAlyAvasthA ko kAraNa mAnakara yuvarAja ke rAjya meM hI rakhane kI sambhAvanA kI,

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174 kuvalayAnandaH sthApane yatkAraNatvena sambhAvitaM bAlyaM tatpratyuta tadviruddhasya sahanayanasyaiva kAraNatayA yuvarAjena parityAgasyAyuktatvaM darzayatA samarthyate / yathA vA-- lubdho na visRjatyartha naro dAridrayazaGkayA / dAtApi visRjatyartha tayaiva nanu zaGkayA / / atra pUrvottarArdhe pakSapratipakSarUpe kayozcidvacane iti lakSaNAnugatiH // 103 / / 46 kAraNamAlAlaGkAraH gumphaH kAraNamAlA syaadythaapraakpraantkaarnnaiH| nayena zrIH zriyA tyAgasnyAgena vipulaM yazaH // 104 // usI kAraNa ko lekara rAjakumAra ne usa kArya se bhinna kriyA-sAtha meM le jAne-ko kAraNa ke rUpa meM upanyasta kara use chor3anA ThIka nahIM hai, isa bAta kA samarthana kiyA hai| athavA jaise'lobhI vyakti isaliye dhana kA dAna nahIM karatA ki kahIM vaha daridra na ho jAya / dAnI vyakti dhana kA dAna isaliye karatA hai ki use daridra na honA pdd'e| yahA~ pUrvArdha tathA uttarArdha meM pakSapratipakSarUpa meM do vyaktiyoM kI uktiyoM kahI gaI haiN| prathama hetu ko hI dvitIyArdha meM tadbhinna kriyA kA sAdhana banAyA gayA hai, ataH yahA~ bhI vyAghAta alaMkAra kA lakSaNa anvita ho jAtA hai| TippaNI-paNDitarAja ne kuvalayAnandakAra ke isa udAharaNa ('lubdho na visRjatyartham' ityAdi) kA khaNDana kiyA hai| ve batAte haiM ki yaha vyAghAta kA udAharaNa nahIM hai / (yatta-'lubdho na..." iti kuvalayAnanda udAhRtam, tanna-rasagaMgAdhara pR0 619) paNDitarAja ise vyAghAta kA udAharaNa isalie nahIM mAnate ki pahale vAkya meM lobhI ke pakSa meM 'maiM daridra na bana jAU~' isa prakAra vartamAnakAlaka dAridraya kI zaMkA anvita hotI hai| dUsare vAkya meM dAnI ke pakSa meM 'maiM agale janma meM daridra na banUM' yaha janmAMtarIya (anya janma sambandhI ) dAridraya-zaMkA anvita hotI hai / isa prakAra lubdha tathA dAnI ke pakSa meM donoM kAraNa eka hI nahIM hai, bhinna 2 hai, phalataH dhyAghAta na ho skegaa| paNDitarAja ke isa AkSepa kA uttara vaidyanAtha ne diyA hai, ve batAte haiM ki ina donoM kAraNoM meM abhedAdhyavasAya mAnane se donoM meM abhedapratipatti hogI, tadanantara isa udAharaNa meM vyAghAta kA lakSaNa ghaTita ho jAyagA / __yadyapi dAridrayasya tAtkAlikatvena janmAntarIyatvena ca zaGkA bhinnA tathApyabhedAdhya. vasAyAt lakSaNasamanvaya iti bodhyam / ( candrikA pR0 125 ) 46. kAraNamAlA 104-jahA~ pUrva pUrva pada krama se Age ke padoM ke kAraNa ho, athavA uttara uttara pada pUrva pUrva padoM ke kAraNa hoM, vahA~ kAraNamAlA hotI hai| jaise, nIti se lakSmI, lakSmI se dAna aura dAna se vipula yaza hotA hai| yahA~ nIti, lakSmI tathA dAna kramazaH uttarottara kArya ke kAraNa haiN|

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ekAvalyalaGkAraH 175 uttarottarakAraNabhUtapUrvapUrvaiH pUrvapUrvakAraNabhUtottarottararvA vastubhiH kRto gumphaH kaarnnmaalaa| tatrAdyodAhatA / dvitIyA yathA bhavanti narakAH pApAt , pApaM dAridrayasambhavam / dAridrayamapradAnena, tasmAdAnaparo bhavet // 104 // 47 ekAvalyalaGkAraH gRhItamuktarItyArthazreNirekAvalirmatA / netre karNAntavizrAnte kI dostambhadolitau // 105 / / doHstambhau jaanupryntprlmbnmnohrau| jAnuno ratnamukurAkAre tasya hi bhUbhujaH // 106 // uttarottarasya pUrvapUrvavizeSaNabhAvaH pUrvapUrvasyottarottaravizeSaNabhAvo vA gRhIta. muktarItiH / tatrAdyaH prakAra udAhRtaH / dvitIyo yathAdikkAlAtmasamaiva yasya vibhutA yastatra vidyotate yahA~ uttarottara ke kAraNabhUta pUrva vastuoM kA gumpha athavA pUrva pUrva ke kAraNabhUta uttarottara vastuoM kA gurapha ho vahA~ kAraNamAlA hotI hai| yahA~ 'nayena zrIH' Adi udAharaNa meM pUrva pUrva uttarottara kA kAraNa hai, ataH pahale DhaMga kI kAraNamAlA hai| dUsare DhaMga kI kAraNamAlA nimna padya meM hai, jahA~ pUrva pUrva kArya kA uttarottara kAraNa pAyA jAtA hai: pApa ke kAraNa naraka milatA hai, dAridraya ke kAraNa pApa hotA hai, dAna na dene ke kAraNa dAridraya hotA hai, isalie (sadA) dAnI bananA caahie| 47. ekAvalI alaMkAra 105-106-jahA~ anekoM padArthoM kI zreNI isa taraha nibaddha kI jAya ki pUrva pUrva pada . kA uttarottara pada ke vizeSaNa yA vizeSya ke rUpa meM grahaNa yA tyAga kiyA jAya, vahA~ ekAvalI alaMkAra hotA hai| (jisa taraha ekAvalI yA hAra meM motI mAlA ke rUpa guMphita rahate haiM, vaise hI yahA~ padArthoM ke vizeSyavizeSaNabhAva ke grahaNa yA tyAga kI avalI hotI hai|) isakA udAharaNa yaha hai| usa rAjA ke netra karNAnta taka laMbe haiM, usake kAna donoM hAtha rUpI stambhoM ke dvArA Andolita haiM, usake donoM hAtha rUpI stambha ghuTanoM taka laMbe tathA suMdara haiM tathA usake ghuTane ratnadarpaNa ke sadRza manohara haiN| yahA~ netra se lekara ghuTanoM taka paraspara uttarottara vizeSyavizeSaNabhAva kI avalI pAI jAtI hai| ekAvalI meM yaha vizeSyavizeSaNabhAva do taraha kA hotA hai, yA to uttarottara pada pUrva pUrva pada kA vizeSaNa ho, yA pUrva pUrva pada uttarottara pada kA vizeSaNa ho, isI ko grahaNarIti tathA muktarIti kahate haiN| prathama prakAra kA udAharaNa kArikA meM diyA gayA hai| dvitIya kA udAharaNa, jaise - kAmadeva ke zatru mahAdeva kI ve saba (AThoM) mUrtiyA~ Apa logoM kI rakSA kareM, jisa mUrti kI dika tathA kAla ke samAna vibhutA hai (AkAza),jo usameM (AkAza meM)

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176 kuvalayAnandaH www. ~i yatrAmuSya sudhIbhavanti kiraNA rAzeH sa yAsAmabhUt / yastatpittamuSaH su yo'sya haviSe yastasya jIvAta ve voDhA yadguNameSa manmatharipostAH pAntu vo mUrtayaH / / 105-106 / / 48 mAlAdIpakAlaGkAraH dIpAvalIyogAnmAlAdIpakamiSyate / smareNa hRdaye tasyAstena tvayi kRtA sthitiH // 107 // atra sthitiriti padamekaM smareNa tasyA hRdaye sthitiH kRtA, tena tasya camakatA hai (sUrya), jisameM isa ( sUrya ) kI kiraNeM amRta bana jAtI haiM (candramA ), vaha (candra) jinakI rAzi ( apAM rAzi:- samudra ) se utpanna huA ( jala ), jo inakA ( jala ) pitta hai ( agni ); jo ise ( agni ko ) havi detA hai ( yajamAna ), jo usake ( yajamAna ke ) jIvana ke lie prANAdhAyaka hai (vAyu), aura jisake guNa ( pRthivI ke guNa gaMdha) ko yaha (vAyu) bahA ke le jAtA hai ( pRthivI ) / isa prakAra AkAza, sUrya, candramA, jala, agni, yajamAna, vAyu tathA pRthivI ke rUpa meM sthita ziva kI aSTamUrtiyA~ tumhArI rakSA kareM / yahA~ AkAza se lekara pRthivI rUpa pUrva pUrva padArtha uttarottara ke vizeSaNa haiM. ataH ekAvalI alaMkAra hai / 48 mAlAdIpaka alaMkAra 107 - jahA~ eka sAtha dIpaka tathA javalI donoM alaMkAroM kI sthiti ho, vahA~ mAlAdIpaka hotA hai / isakA udAharaNa hai / ( koI dUtI nAyaka se kaha rahI hai / ) he nAyaka, usa nAyikA ke hRdaya meM kAmadeva ne nivAsa kiyA hai aura usa nAyikA ke hRdaya ne tujha meM nivAsa kiyA hai / TippaNI- kAvya prakAzakAra mammaTAcArya ne isa alakAra ko dIpaka alaMkAra ke prakaraNa meM hI varNita kiyA hai / yahA~ 'sthitiH kRtA' kA anvaya kAmadeva tathA hRdaya donoM ke sAtha lagatA hai, isalie dIpaka alaMkAra hai / isI udAharaNa meM pahale to nAyikA ke hRdaya kA grahaNa kAmadeva ke nivAsasthAna ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA, phira nAyaka ko nAyikA ke hRdaya kA AdhAra banAkara pahale nivAsasthAna kA tyAga kiyA, ataH grahaNatyAga kI rIti ke kAraNa ekAvalI bhI huii| ina donoM alaMkAroM kA eka sAtha sanniveza hone se yahA~ mAlAdIpaka alaMkAra hai / TippaNI- rasikaraMjanIkAra ne batAyA hai ki kucha vidvAn mAlAdIpaka ko alaga se alaMkAra nahIM mAnate / ve ise dIpaka tathA ekAvalI kA saMkara mAnate haiM / yadi saMkara hone para bhI ise alaga alaMkAra mAnA jAyagA, alaMkAroM ke dUsare saMkara bhI saMkara meM antarbhAvita na hoNge| rasikaraMjanIkAra mAlAdIpaka ko alaga se alaMkAra mAnane kI puSTi karate haiM / vastutaH yahA~ dIpaka alaMkAra isalie nahIM mAnA jA sakatA ki ( vakSyamANa ) 'saMgrAmAMgaNa' ityAdi padya meM kodaNDAdi sabhI prastuta haiM, jaba ki dIpaka meM prastutAprastuta kA ekadharmAbhisaMbaMdha pAyA jAtA hai | ataH yahA~ prastutAprastutaikadharmAnvaya dIpaka nahIM hai / yadi koI yaha kahe ki yahA~ prastutaikarUpadharmAnvaya hone ke kAraNa tulyayogitA mAna lI jAya, to yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM, kyoMki phira yahA~ tulyayogitAsaMkara hogA / asala bAta yaha hai ki mAlAdIpaka ke prakaraNa meM

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mAlAdI pakAlaGkAraH hRdayena tvayi sthitiH kRtetyevaM vAkyadvayAnvayi / ato dIpakam, gRhItamuktarItisadbhAvAdekAvalI ceti dIpakaikAvalIyogaH / yathA vA saMgrAmAGgaNamAgatena bhavatA cApe samAropite, devAkarNaya yena yena sahasA yadyatsamAsAditam / kodaNDena zarAH, zarairarizirastenApi bhUmaNDalaM, tena tvaM bhavatA ca kIrtiratulA, kIrtyA ca lokatrayam // 177 atra 'yena yena sahasA yadyatsamAsAditam' iti saMkSepavAkyasthitamekaM 'samAsAditam' iti padaM 'kodaNDena zarAH' ityAdiSu SaTsvapi vivaraNavAkyeSu tattaducitaliGgavacana vipariNAmenAnvetIti dIpakam / zarAdInAmuttarottara vizeSaNAbhAvAdekAvalI ceti dIpakaikAvalIyogaH / / 107 / / camatkAra alaMkAra saMkara kI taraha do yA adhika alaMkAroM ke mizraNa ke kAraNa nahIM hai / yahA~ kAraka kriyA vAle dIpaka tathA ekAvalI kA yoga hone se vizeSa camatkAra pAyA jAtA hai, ataH use alaga alaMkAra mAnanA ThIka hai / 'atra kecit - ' mAlAdIpakaM nAlaMkArAntaraM, kiMtu alaMkAradvayasaMkaravaddIpako sthApitatvA dekAvalyAstayoH saMkara eva / anyathA alaMkArAntarasyApi saMkara bahirbhAvApatte' rityAhuH / vastutastu, nAtra dIpakasaMbhavaH / udAharaNe kodaNDAdInAM sarveSAmapi prastutatvena prastutAprastutakadharmAnvaya dIpakasyAtra prasarAyogAt / na cAstu prakRtaikarUpadharmAnvayAttulyayogiteti vAcyam / tathAtve tatsaMkarApatteriti / vastutastu, nAtrAlaMkArasaMkaravat saMkaramAtrakRto vicchittivizeSaH / niyatadIpakaikAvalI yogakRta vicchittivizeSasyAlaMkArAMtaranirbAhyatvAt / iti / ' (rasikaraMjanI pR0 177-78 ) ne yahA~ 'sthitiH' yaha eka pada, kAmadeva ne usake hRdaya meM sthiti kI aura usa hRdaya tuma meM sthiti kI, isa prakAra do vAkyoM ke sAtha anvita hotA hai / isalie yahA~ dIpaka alaMkAra hai / sAtha yahA~ gRhIta muktarIti vAlI ekAvalI bhI hai, ataH dIpaka tathA ekAvalI kA yoga hai / athavA jaise 'koI kavi kisI rAjA kI prazaMsA kara rahA hai - he deva, jaba Apane saMgrAmabhUmi meM Akara dhanuSa car3hAyA, to jisa jisa vastu ne jisa jisa vastu ko prApta kiyA, vaha suno / ( tumhAre ) dhanuSa ne bANoM ko prApta kiyA, bArNo ne zatruoM ke siroM ko, zatruoM ke siroM ne pRthvI ko, pRthvI ne Apako, Apane kIrti ko, tathA kIrti ne tInoM lokoM ko / ' yahA~ 'jisa jisa vastu ne jisa jisa vastu ko prApta kiyA' isa saMkSepavAkya meM prayukta 'samAsAditaM' isa pada kA anvaya 'kodaNDena zarAH' Adi chahoM vivaraNa vAkyoM ke sAtha usa usa vAkya ke karma ke anukUla liMga tathA vacana ke pariNAma se anvaya ho jAtA hai; ataH yahA~ dIpaka alaMkAra hai / isake sAtha zarAdi uttarottara padArtha ke vizeSaNa haiM, ataH yahA~ ekAvalI hai / isa prakAra isa padya meM dIpaka tathA ekAvalI kA yoga hone se mAlA dIpaka alaMkAra hai / TippaNI- isa saMbaMdha meM paNDitarAja jagannAtha kA mata jAna lenA Avazyaka hogA / ve 'mAlAdIpaka' ko alaga se alaMkAra nahIM mAnate / ve vastutaH ekAvalI ke usa bheda meM jisameM 12 kuva0

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178 kuvalayAnandaH 49 sArAlaGkAraH uttarottaramutkapaH sAra ityabhidhIyate / madhu madhuraM tasmAcca sudhA tasyAH kavervacaH // 108 // yathA vA antarviSNo trilokI nivasati phaNinAmIzvare so'pi zete, sindhoH so'pyekadeze, tamapi culukayAM kumbhayonizcakAra / dhatte khadyotalolAmayamapi nabhasi, zrInRsiMhakSitIndra ! tvatkIrteH karNanIlotpalamidamapi ca prekSaNIyaM vibhAti // pUrva pUrva padArtha ke dvArA uttarottara padArtha viziSTa hotA hai, isa alaMkAra kA samAveza karate haiM / ( asmi ekAvalyA dvitIye bhede pUrvapUrvaiH parasya parasyopakAraH kriyamANo yadyekarUpaH syAttadAyameva mAlAdIpaka zabdena vyavahiyate prAcInaiH / pR0 625 ) isI saMbaMdha meM ve apaya dIkSita kA bhI khaMDana karate haiM, jo mAlAdIpaka meM dIpaka tathA ekAvalI kA yoga mAnate haiM, kyoMki aise sthaloM meM prakRta aprakRta kA yoga nahIM pAyA jAtA jo dIpaka alaMkAra meM honA Avazyaka hai: - 'iha ca zrRMkhalAvayavAnAM padArthAnAM sAdRzyameva nAsti iti kathaMkAraM dIpakatAvAcaM zraddadhImahi / teSAM prakRtAprakRtAtmakatvavirahAcca / etena dIpakaikAvalIyogAnmAlAdIpakamiSyate' iti yaduktaM kuvalayAnandakRtA tadbhrAntimAtra vilasitamiti sudhIbhirAlocanIyam )' (rasagaMgAdhara pR0 625 ) / dIpakAlaMkAra ke prakaraNa meM paNDitarAja ne 'saMgrAmAMgaNamA - gatena bhavatA cApe samAropite' isa udAharaNa kI bhI AlocanA kI hai, jise svayaM mammaTa ne mAlAdIpaka ( dIpaka ke bheda vizeSa ) ke udAharaNa ke rUpa meM upanyasta kiyA hai / ve isa padya meM dIpaka alaMkAra hI nahIM mAnate / ( etena 'saMgrAmAMgaNa' iti prAcInAnAM padyaM dIpakAMze'pi sadoSameva / vahI pR0 440 ) isa padya meM dIpaka na mAnane ke do kAraNa haiM, pahale to yahA~ padArthoM meM prakRtAprakRtatva nahIM hai, na unameM koI sAdRzya hI hai, ataH yaha kevala ekAvalo kA hI bheda hai; dUsare yadi yahA~ sAdRzya mAnA bhI jAya to bhI yahA~ dIpakAMza meM duSTatA hai, kyoMki yahA~ zarAdi se 'samAsAditaM' pada kA vibhaktivipariNAma tathA liMgavipariNAma se anvaya hotA hai, ataH jisa taraha upamA meM liMgAdi vipariNAma ke kAraNa doSa mAnA jAtA hai, vaise hI yahA~ bhI doSa hogA / ataH yahA~ kevala ekAvalI alaMkAra hai / 49. sAra alaGkAra 108 - jahA~ aneka padArthoM kA varNana karate samaya uttarottara padArtha ko pUrva pUrva padArtha se utkRSTa batAyA jAya, vahA~ sAra alaGkAra hotA hai / jaise, zahada mIThA hotA hai, usase bhI mIThA hai, aura kavi kI vANI usase ( amRta se ) bhI madhura hai / amRta yahA~ zahada se amRta kI utkRSTatA batAI gaI aura usase bhI kavi ke vacanoM kI, ataH sAra alaGkAra hai / athavA jaise yaha padya vidyAnAtha kI ekAvalI se uddhRta hai / kavi rAjA nRsiMhadeva kI prazaMsA kara rahA hai / he rAjan nRsiMhadeva, yaha samasta trailokya bhagavAn viSNu ke antas ( udara ) meM nivAsa karatA hai, aura ve viSNu bhI zeSa ke Upara zayana karate haiM ( isa prakAra zeSa viSNu se bhI bar3e haiM ); ve zeSanAga bhI samudra ke kevala eka bhAga meM rahate haiM ( ataH samudra unase bhI bar3A hai ), agastyamuni usa samudra ko bhI cullU meM pI gaye ( ataH agastyamuni

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yathAsaMkhyAlaGkAraH 176 ayaM zlAghyaguNotkarSaH / azlAdhyaguNotkarSoM yathA tRNAllaghutarastUlastUlAdapi ca yAcakaH / . vAyunA kiM na nIto'sau mAmayaM prArthayediti / / ubhayarUpo yathA girimahAnigarerabdhimahAnabdhernabho mahat / nabhaso'pi mahadbrahma tato'pyAzA garIyasI // atra brahmaparyanteSu mahattvaM zlAghyaguNaH / prakRtArthAzAyAmazlAghyaguNaH // 108 / / 50 yathAsaMkhyAlaGkAraH yathAsaMkhyaM krameNaiva kramikANAM smnvyH| zatraM mitraM vipattiM ca jaya raJjaya bhaJjaya // 10 // - aura adhika bar3e haiM), ye agastyamuni bhI AkAza meM kevala juganU kI taraha camakate rahate haiM (isalie AkAza sabase bar3A hai), para vaha mahAn (nIlA) AkAza bhI tumhArI kIrti (-ramaNI) ke karNAvataMsa nIlakamala-sA pratIta hotA hai| ataH tumhArI kIrti ina sabase mahAn hai| kIrti kI mahattA ke varNana se nRsiMhadeva kI svayaM kI mahattA vyakSita hotI hai| yahA~ viSNu se lekara kIrti taka pratyeka uttarottara vastu kI pUrva pUrva vastu se uskRSTatA batAI gaI hai, ataH sAra alaMkAra hai| yahA~ tattat vastu ke guNa prazaMsanIya hone ke kAraNa yaha utkarSa zyAdhyaguNa hai / azlAdhyaguNa utkarSa kA udAharaNa nimna hai:___ 'ruI tinake se bhI halakI hotI hai, aura yAcaka ( bhikhArI) usase bhI halakA hai| yadyapi yAcaka bar3A halakA hotA hai, phira bhI havA use isalie ur3Akara nahIM le jAtI ki kahIM yaha mujhase yAcanA na karane lge| ___ yahA~ tinake se ruI kI laghutA kA utkarSa batAyA gayA hai, aura raI se bhI yAcaka kI laghutA kA utkarSa; ataHsAra alaGkAra hai| kabhI kabhI ubhayarUpa sAra bhI milatA hai, jahA~ eka sAtha zlAghyaguNotkarSa tathA aralA. dhyaguNotkarSa kA samAveza hotA hai, jaise. parvata mahAn hai, kintu samudra usase bhI bar3A hai, aura AkAza samudra se bhI bahuta bar3A hai / brahma AkAza se bhI mahAn hai, kintu AzA brahma se bhI adhika bar3hI hai| yahA~ parvata se lekara brahma taka zlAghyaguNotkarSa pAyA jAtA hai, kintu kavi ke dvArA prakRta rUpa meM upAtta dhanAzA kI mahattA batAne meM usakA azlAghyaguNa saMketita karanA abhISTa hai / ataH yahA~ donoM kA samAveza hai| 50. yathAsaMkhya alaGkAra 609-jahA~ kAraka athavA kriyAoM kA paraspara krama se kAraka athavA kriyAoM ke sAtha anvaya ghaTita ho, vahA~ yathAsaMkhya alaGkAra hotA hai| jaise, he rAjan , tuma atruoM ko jIto, mitroM ko prasanna karo aura vipatti kA mana kro| yahA~ zatru, mitra tathA vipatti rUpa karma kA jaya, raaya, bhakSaya kriyA ke sAtha kramase anvaya hotA hai, ataH yathAsaMkhya alaGkAra hai|

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180 kuvalayAnanda: yathA vA zaraNaM kiM prapannAni viSavanmArayanti vA / na tyajyante na bhujyante kRpaNena dhanAni yat / / amuM kramAlaGkAra iti kecidvyAjaduH / / 106 / / 51 paryAyAlaGkAraH paryAyo yadi paryAyeNaikasyAnekasaMzrayaH / paJa muktvA gatA candraM kAminIvadanopamA // 110 // atraikasya kAminIvadanasAdRzyasya krameNa padmacandrarUpAnekAdhArasaMzrayaNaM paryAyaH / yadyapi panasaMzrayaNaM kaNThato noktaM, tathApi 'padmaM muktvA' iti tatparityAgoktyA prAk tatsaMzrayAkSepeNa paryAyanirvAhaH / ata eva (bAlabhArate ) 'zroNIbandhasatyajati tanutAM sevate madhyabhAgaH / padbhyAM muktAstaralagatayaH saMzritA locanAbhyAma / ___ athavA jaise kAsa loga dhana ko na to chor3ate hI haiM, na unakA upayoga hI karate haiN| kyA dhana kAsoM ke zaraNa meM A gaye haiM, isalie ve unheM nahIM chor3ate, athavA ve unheM viSa kI saraha mAra dete haiM, isalie unakA upayoga nahIM karate? yahA~ dhana kA tyAga na karane kI kriyA (na tyajyante), tathA upayoga na karane kI kriyA (na bhujyante)kA anvaya kramazaH 'kiM zaraNaM prapannAni' tathA 'kiM viSavanmArayanti' ke sAtha ghaTita hotA hai, ataH yathAsaMkhyAlaGkAra hai| isI alaGkAra ko kucha AlaGkArikoM ne kramAlakAra kahA hai| 51. paryAya alaGkAra 110-jahA~ eka padArtha kA krama se aneka padArthoM ke sAtha sambandha varNita kiyA jAya, vahA~ paryAya alaGkAra hotA hai| jaise, kAminI ke mukha kI upamA (rAtri ke samaya) kamala ko chor3akara candramA meM calI gii| yahA~ kAminImukha kI upamA dina meM kamala meM anvita hotI thI, aba rAta ke samaya vaha candramA meM calI gaI hai, ataH mukha kI upamA kA krama se aneka padArthoM meM Azraya gAroM meM __yahA~ eka padArtha-kAminIvadanasArazya kI krama se padmacandrarUpa aneka AdhArA sthiti batAI gaI hai, ataH paryAya hai / yadyapi Upara kI ukti meM usakI padmasthiti vAcyarUpa meM spaSTatA nahIM kahI gaI hai, tathApi pana ko chor3a kara (vaha candra meM calI gaI hai) isake dvArA pana ko chor3ane ke dvArA kAminIvadanasAdRzya pahale pana meM thA, yaha pratIta hotA hI hai, ataH usakI patnasthiti AkSipta ho jAtI hai aura isa prakAra paryAya kA nirvAha ho jAtA hai| isIliye kAvyaprakAzakAra mammaTAcArya ne kAvyaprakAza meM paryAya kA nimna udAharaNa diyA hai| kisI nAyikA ke yauvanAvirbhAva kI dazA kA varNana hai| yauvana ne isa nAyikA ke zarIra ke tattadaGgoM ke guNoM kA paraspara vinimaya kara diyA hai / yauvana ke kAraNa isa nAyikA ke eka bhA ke guNa dUsare aja meM tathA dUsare aGga ke guNa kisI anya meM cale gaye haiN| zeza

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paryAyAlaGkAraH wwwimm dhatte vakSaH kucasacivatAmadvitIyaM tu vaktraM tagAtrANAM guNavinimayaH kalpito yauvanena // ' ityatra paryAyaM kAvyaprakAzakRdudAjahAra / sarvatra zAbdaH paryAyo yathA nanvAzrayasthitiriyaM tava kAlakUTa ! kenottarottara viziSTapadopadiSTA ? | prAgarNavasya hRdaye, vRSalakSmaNo'tha, kaNThe'dhunA vasasi, vAci punaH khalAnAm // sarvo'pyayaM zuddhaparyAyaH / 181 vAvasthA meM isakA jaghanasthala atyadhika patalA thA, aba isake jaghanasthala ne apanA pataart chor3a diyA hai aura isakA madhyabhAga patalA ho gayA hai| pahale vacapana meM isakI gati bar3I caJcala thI, yaha pairoM se idhara udhara phudakatI thii| aba isakI pairoM kI calatA naSTa ho gaI hai ( pairoM ne apanI caJcala gati ko chor3a diyA hai) aura isake netroM ne caJcalagati dhAraNa kara lI hai, isake netra adhika caJcala ho gaye haiN| pahale isakA vakSaHsthala akelA (advitIya ) thA, aba usane kucoM kI mitratA ( kurcoM kI mantritA ) dhAraNa kara lI hai, aba isake vakSaHsthala meM stanoM kA ubhAra ho AyA hai; aura vakSaHsthala kI advitItA (akelepana ) ko mukha ne dhAraNa kara liyA hai-mukha advitIya ( atyadhika tathA anupama sundara ) ho gayA hai / yahA~ tanutA, taralagati tathA advitIyatA ina tIna padArthoM ke Azraya kramazaH jaghanasthala, caraNa aura vakSaHsthala tathA madhyabhAga, netra aura mukha paryAya se varNita kiye gaye haiM, ataH eka padArtha ke aneka saMzrayoM (AzrayoM) kA paryAya se varNana hone ke kAraNa yahA~ paryAya alaGkAra hai / uparyukta donoM udAharaNoM meM apara AdhAra ke samAzraya kA spaSTa varNana kiyA gayA hai, kintu pUrva AdhAra kA tyAga pUrva AdhAra ke samAzraya kI vyaJjanA karanA hai, ataH yahA~ aneka saMzraya vAcya ( zAbda ) na hokara gabhya hai / jahA~ kisI padArtha kI sarvatra sabhI AzrayoM meM spaSTataH sthiti vaNita kI jAya, vahA~ zAbda paryAya hotA hai, jaise prastuta padya bhalaTakavi ke anyoktizataka se hai / isameM kavi ne hAlAhala ko sambodhita karake usakI viziSTatA kA saMketa kiyA hai / he kAlakUTa ( hAlAhala viSa ), yaha to batAo, kisa vyakti ne tumako uttarottara viziSTa pada para sthita rahane kI dazA kA saMketa kiyA thA ? vaha kauna vyakti thA, jisane tumheM isa bAta kA upadeza diyA ki tuma tattat viziSTa pada para kramazaH AsIna honA ? pahale to tuma samudra ke hRdaya meM nivAsa karate the, vahA~ se phira ziva ke gale meM rahane lage ( hRdaya se Upara galA hai, gale kA hRdaya se viziSTa pada hai) aura usake bAda aba duSToM kI bANI meM-jihvA meM ( jihvA kaNTha ke bhI Upara hai ) nivAsa kara rahe ho / yahA~ hAlAhala kI samudrahRdaya, zivakaNTha tathA khalavANI meM krama se sthiti varNita kI gaI hai, ataH paryAya hai / yaha saba paryAya zuddha hai / paryAya punaH do taraha kA hotA hai :saGkocaparyAya tathA vikAsaparyAya / jahA~ AdhAra ( Azraya ) kA uttarottara saGkoca ho vahA~

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kuvalayAnandaH 182 saMkoca paryAyo yathA prAyazcaritvA vasudhAmazeSAM chAyAsu vizramya tatastarUNAm / prauDhi gate saMprati tigmabhAnau zaityaM zanairantarapAmayAsIt // atra zaityasyottarottaramAdhArasaMkocAt saMkoca paryAyaH / vikAsaparyAyo yathA bimboSTha eva rAste tanvi ! pUrvamadRzyata / adhunA hRdaye'pyeSa mRgazAvAkSi ! dRzyate / / atra rAgasya pUrvAdhAra parityAgenAdhArAntarasaMkramaNamiti vikAsa paryAyaH / / 110 / / saGkoca paryAya hotA hai tathA jahA~ AdhAra kA uttarottara vikAsa ho vahA~ vikAsaparyAya hotA hai / saGkoca paryAya jaise grISma ke tApa kA varNana hai / grISma ke kAraNa aba zItalatA naSTa-sI ho gaI hai / pahale zItalatA samasta pRthvI para thI, dhIre dhIre sUryodaya hone ke bAda vaha kevala vRkSoM kI chAyAoM meM hI raha gaI; aura aba jaba sUrya atyadhika teja se prakAzita hone lagA, to vaha dhIre dhIre pAnI ke bIca meM jAkara chipa gaI / yahA~ zaitya ke AdhAra krama se samasta pRthvI, vRkSoM kI chAyA tathA jala haiM / yahA~ zaitya ke AdhAra kA uttarottara saGkoca pAyA jAtA hai, ataH saGkocaparyAya hai| vikAsa paryAya kA udAharaNa nimna hai| :-- 'he sundarI, pahale to yaha rAga (lalAI ) kevala tumhAre bimbAdhara ( bimbaphala ke samAna lAla adhara) meM hI dikhAI detA thA, he hirana ke bacce ke netroM ke samAna netra vAlI, aba yaha rAga (anurAga) tumhAre hRdaya meM bhI dikhAI dene lagA hai| yahA~ rAga (lalAI, anurAga ) ne pahale AdhAra (bimboSTha ) ko chor3akara anya AdhAra (hRdaya) meM saMkramaNa kara liyA hai, jahA~ use bimboSTha kI apekSA adhika vikasita AdhAra milA hai, ataH yahA~ vikAsaparyAya nAmaka bheda hai| isa padya meM 'rAga' zabda zliSTa hai| TippaNI- paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne rasagaMgAdhara meM appayadIkSita ke isI udAharaNa ko lekara isameM vikAsaparyAya na mAnate hue likhA hai ki yaha udAharaNa vikAsaparyAya kA nahIM hai / ( paNDitarAja ne paryAya ke saMkoca tathA vikAsa ye do bheda bhI nahIM mAne haiN| paryAya vahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai, jahA~ prathama Azraya kA saMbaMdha naSTa ho tathA apara Azraya kA saMbaMdha sthApita ho / 'bimboSTha eva rAgaste' Adi meM yaha nahIM pAyA jAtA, nAyikA ke biMbAdhara kA rAga naSTa ho gayA hai, aisA nahIM kahA jA sktaa| mammaTa ke dvArA diye gaye udAharaNa 'zroNIbandhaH' Adi tathA ruyyaka ke dvArA udAhRta padya 'nanvAzrayasthitiriyaM' ityAdi meM yahI bAta pAI jAtI hai| sAtha hI isa alaMkAra ke lakSaNa meM prayukta 'krama' pada bhI isakA saMketa karatA hai / appayadIkSita ke isa udAharaNa meM vastutaH 'sAra' alaMkAra haiM, jise ratnAkara Adi AlaMkArika vardhamAnaka alaMkAra kahate haiM, appayadIkSita ne usa alaMkAra kA to saMketa kiyA hI nahIM / 'yattu - bimboSTha eva rAste.... ........." iti kuvalayAnandakRtA vikAsaparyAyo nijagade, taccintyam / ekasambandhanAzottaramapara sambandhe paryAyapadasya loke prayogAt, 'zroNIbandhasvajati tanutAM sevate madhyabhAgaH' iti kAvyaprakAzodAhRte, 'prAgarNavasya hRdaye -' ityAdisarvasvakArodAhRte ca tathaiva dRSTatvAcca asminnalaGkAralakSaNe'pi kramapadena tAdRzavivakSAyA

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paryAyAlaGkAraH 183 ekasmin yadyanekaM vA paryAyaH so'pi saMmataH / adhunA pulinaM tatra yatra srotaH purA'jani // 111 / / yathA vApurA'bhUdasmAkaM prathamamavibhinnA tanuriyaM, tato nu tvaM preyAna , vayamapi hatAzAH priytmaaH| idAnIM nAthastvaM, vayamapi kalatraM kimaparaM, hatAnAM prANAnAM kulizakaThinAnAM phalamidam // atra dampatyoH prathamamabhedaH, tataH preyasIpriyatamabhAvaH, tato bhAryApatibhAva ityAdheyaparyAyaH // 111 // aucityAt tasmAdatraikaviSayaH sArAlakAra ucitaH, yaM ratnAkarAdayo vardhamAnakAlAramAmananti sa cAyuSmatA nodRGkita eva / (rasagaGgAdhara pR0 647) jahA~ eka hI AdhAra meM aneka padArthoM kA krama se varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ bhI paryAya hotA hai / jaise, jahA~ pahale nadI kA srota thA, vahA~ Aja nadI kA tIra ho gayA hai| TippaNI-paNDitarAja ne kuvalayAnandakAra ke 'adhunA pulinaM tatra yatra srotaH purAbhavat' meM paryAya alaMkAra nahIM mAnA hai, kyoMki laukika vAkya kI bhauti yahA~ koI camatkAra nahI hai| (evaM sthite 'adhunA pulinaM tatra yatra srotaH purAbhavat' iti kuvalayAnandagatamu. dAharaNaM 'yatra pUrva ghaTastatrAdhunA paTaH' iti vAkyavalaukikokimAtramityanudAhAryameva / ) ( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 648) isakA eka prasiddha udAharaNa uttararAmacarita kA nimna padya hai : purA yatra srotaH pulinamadhunA tatra saritAM viparyAsaM yAto ghanaviralabhAvaH ditiruhAm / bahodRSTaM kAlAdaparamiva manye vanamidaM / nivezaH zailAnAM tadidamiti buddhiM draDhayati // eka AdhAra meM anekoM AdheyoM ke krama se varNana vAle paryAya alaMkAra ke bheva kA udAharaNa nimna hai: koI nAyikA apane prati rUha vyavahAra vAle nAyaka kI ceSTA kI nyAnA karAtI huI kaha rahI hai:-pahale to hamArA prema itanA gaharA thA ki hamArA zarIra eka thA, lekina dhIre dhIre vaha vyavahAra samApta ho gayA aura tuma priya bana gaye, hama priytmaa| prema kI advaitasthiti kA anubhava karane ke bAda jaba tumhArA mana bhara gayA, to hamArA mana eka na raha sakA, para phira bhI kisI taraha priya-preyasI vAlA vyavahAra banA rahA, tuma mujhe preyasI samajhate rahe, maiM tumheM priya / yadi vaha sthiti bhI banI rahatI to ThIka thA, para mujheto isase bhI adhika duHkha sahanA thA / tumhArA vyavahAra badalatA gayA, tuma mujhe 'kalana (kharIdI huI dAsI ke samAna paranI) samajhane lage, maiM tumheM 'nAtha' (maalik)| isase bar3hakara mere lie aura duHkha ho hI kyA sakatA hai ? yaha to mere prANoM kA doSa hai ki maiM isa vyavahAra parivartana ke bAda bhI jI rahI huuN| yaha saba maiM apane vajrakaThora prANoM kA phala bhoga rahI huuN| yahA~ pahale AdhAra ( dampati) meM abhinnatA thI, phira preyasIpriyatamabhAva huA, phira kalana aura nAtha (bhAryApati) kA bhAva, isa prakAra eka hI AdhAra meM krama se anekoM AdheyoM kI sthiti varNita kI gaI hai, ataH yaha bhI paryAya alaMkAra kA prakArAntara hai|

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kuvalayAnandaH 52 parivRttyalaGkAraH parivRttirvinimayo nyUnAmyadhikayomithaH / jagrAhaikaM zaraM muktvA kaTAkSAtsa ripuzriyam // 112 // yathA vAtasya ca pravayaso jaTAyuSaH svargiNaH kimiva zocyate'dhunA ? | yena jarjarakalevaravyayAt krItamindukiraNojjvalaM yazaH // 112 / / 53 parisaMkhyAlaGkAraH parisaMkhyA niSidhyaikamekasmin vastuyaMtraNam / snehakSayaH pradIpeSu na svAnteSu natabhruvAm // 113 // ___52. parivRtti alaMkAra 112-sama, nyUna yA adhika padArtha jahA~ paraspara eka dUsare kA vinimaya kare, vahA~ parivRtti alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, usa rAjA ne kaTAkSa ke sAtha eka hI bANa chor3a kara zatru kI rAjyalakSmI ko grahaNa kara liyaa| __ yahA~ rAjA ne eka bANa ke badale zatru rAjA kI lakSmI ko grahaNa kiyA hai, ataH bANa eva ripuzrI kA vinimaya hone se parivRtti alaMkAra huaa| TippaNI-rasagaMgAdhara meM paNDitarAja ne parivRtti alaMkAra ke do bheda mAne haiM:-'samaparivRtti tathA viSamaparivRtti' inake punaH do-do bheda hote haiM :-samaparivRtti meM uttama kA uttama ke sAtha vinimaya tathA nyUna kA nyUna ke sAtha vinimaya / isI prakAra viSamaparivRtti meM, uttama kA nyUna ke sAtha vinimaya tathA nyUna kA uttama ke sAtha vinimaya / (sA ca tAvadvividhA-samapari. vRttirviSamaparivRttizceti / samaparivRttirapi dvividhA uttamairuttamAnAM nyUnainyUnAnAM ceti / viSamaparivRttirapi tathA-uttamainyUnAnAM, nyUnaruttamAnAM ceti / ( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 648 ) athavA jaisejisa jaTAyu ne apane jarjara zarIra ko dekara candramA kI kiraNoM ke samAna ujjvala yaza ko kharIdA, usa vRddha jaTAyu ke marane para Apa zoka kyoM kara rahe haiM ? (parivRtti kA artha kharIdanA hotA hai, isIlie paNDitarAja ne parivRtti kA artha karate samaya rasagaMgAdhara meM kahA hai-'kraya iti yAvat / ') 53. parisaMkhyA alaMkAra 113-kisI padArtha kA eka sthAna para abhAva batAkara (usakI sthiti kA niSedha kara ) anya sthAna para usa padArtha kI sattA batAnA parisaMkhyA alaMkAra hotA hai| jaiseramaNiyoM ke hRdaya meM sneha (prema) kA kSaya nahIM huA thA, kiMtu dIpakoM meM sneha (taila) kA kSaya ho gayA thaa| ___ yahA~ zleSa se sneha ke anurAga tathA taila donoM artha hote haiN| yahA~ usakA kAmaniyoM meM abhAva niSiddha kara usakI sattA dIpaka meM batAI gaI hai, ataH parisaMkhyA hai| (pari. saMkhyA zabdakI vyutpatti karate samaya pari zabda kA artha tyAga tathA saMkhyA kA artha buddhi lenA hogaa| isa prakAra pUre pada kA artha 'tyAga pUrNa buddhi' hogaa|)

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parisaMkhyAlaGkAraH 185 yathA vA vilayanti zrutivartma yasyAM lIlAvatInAM nayanotpalAni / bibharti yasyAmapi vakrimANameko mahAkAlajaTArdhacandraH / / AdyoMdAharaNe niSedhaH zAbdaH, dvitIye tvArthaH / / 113 // athavA jaise ujjayinI kA varNana hai| jisa purI meM kevala lIlAvatI ramaNiyoM ke netra rUpI kamala hI zrutivartma kA laMghana karate the ( kAnoM ko chUte the) anya koI bhI zrutivarma (vedamArga) kA ullaMghana nahIM karatA thA, tathA usa purI meM kevala mahAkAla ziva ke jaTAjUTa kA candramA hI vakrimA dhAraNa karatA thA, koI bhI vyakti kuTila na thaa| ___ yahA~ 'zrutivarma' tathA 'vakrimA' ke artha kramazaH 'vedamArga' aura 'kAnoM kI sImA' tathA 'kuTilatA' aura 'Ter3hApana' haiN| yahA~ prathama artha kA niSedha kara ramaNiyoM ke nayana tathA zivajaTA meM sthita candramA ke pakSa meM usakI sattA batAI gaI hai| kintu ina zabdoM ke dvayarthaka hone se vahA~ koI bhI vyakti vedavirodhI evaM kuTila na thA, yaha niSedha bhI gamyamAna hotA hai / isa prakAra yahA~ yaha niSedha sAkSAt zabdopAtta na hokara kevala arthagamya hai| yahA~prathama udAharaNa meM zAbdI parisaMkhyA hai, kyoMki ramaNiyoM ke hRdaya meM snehakSaya kA zabdataH niSedha kiyA gayA hai, dUsare udAharaNa meM ArthI parisaMkhyA hai| TippaNI-ruyyaka ne isake cAra bhedaM mAne haiN| sarvaprathama praznapUrvikA tathA zuddhA ye do bheda diye haiM. tadanantara pratyeka ke zAbdI tathA aarthii| (sAcaiSA praznapUrvikA tadanyathA veti prathama dvidhA / pratyekaM ca varjanIyatve'sya zAbdatvArthatvAbhyAM dvaividhyamiti catuHprabhedAH / alaMkArasarvasva pR0 193 ) / praznapUrvikA zAbdI parisakhyA tathA ArthI parisaMkhyA ke udAharaNa nimna haiM:(1)kiM bhUSaNaM suddhamatra yazo na ratnaM kiM kAryamAryacaritaM sukRtaM na doSaH / kiM cakSurapratihataM dhiSaNA na netraM jAnAti kasvadaparaH sadasadvivekam // (2) kimAsemyaM puMsAM savidhamanavayaM dhusaritaH kimekAnte dhyeyaM caraNayugalaM kaustubhmRtH| kimArAdhyaM puNyaM kimabhilaSaNIyaM ca karuNA yadAsaktyA ceto niravadhi vimuktyai prabhavati // ruyyaka ne zuddhA parisaMkhyA ke ArthI vAle udAharaNa meM vahI upayuddhRta padya diyA hai jo dIkSita ne diyA hai| parisaMkhyA meM prAyaH ileSagarmita hone para hI vizeSa camatkAravattA pAI jAtI haiN| subandhu, bANa tathA trivikrama bhaTTa parisaMkhyA ke prayoga ke lie vizeSa prasiddha haiN| parisaMkhyA ke kucha udAharaNa nimna haiM: (1) yasmizca rAjani jitajagati pAlayati mahIM citrakarmasu varNasaMkarAH....."chatreSu kanakadaNDAH .........'na prajAnAmAsan / yasya ca...."antaHpurikAkuntaleSu bhaMgaH nUpureSu mukharatA abhUt / (kAdambarI) isa udAharaNa ke prathama vAkya meM zAbdI zuddhA parisaMkhyA hai, dvitIya vAkya meM ArthI zuddhA parisaMkhyA hai| (2) yatra ca guruvyatikramaM rAzayaH, mAtrAkalahaM lekhazAlikAH, mitrodayadveSamulakAH, apatyatyAgaM kokilA:, bandhujIvavighAtaM grISmadivasAH kurvanti na jnaaH| (nalacampU) isa udAharaNa meM zAbdI zuddhA parisaMkhyA hai|

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186 kuvalayAnandaH 54 vikalpAlaGkAraH virodhe tulyabalayorvikalpAlaMkRtirmatA / sadyaH zirAMsi cApAnvA namayantu mahIbhujaH // 114 // atra saMdhivigrahapramANaprAptayoH shirshcaapnmnyoyugpdupsthityoryugptkrtumshkyyorviklpH| yathA vApatatyavirataM vAri nRtyanti ca kalApinaH / 54. vikalpa alaGkAra 114-jahA~ kavi apanI vacanacAturI ke dvArA samAna balavAle do virodhI padArthoM kA eka sAtha varNana kare, vahA~ vikalpa alaGkAra hotA hai jaise, (koI rAjA anya rAjAoM ko yaha sandeza bhejatA hai) yA to rAjA loga (adhInatA svIkAra kara) apane sira jhukA deM yA (yuddha ke lie taiyAra hokara) dhanuSoM ko jhukA deN| TippaNI-kAvyaprakAzakAra mammaTAcArya ne vikalpa alaMkAra ko nahIM mAnA hai| udyotakAra nAgeza ne kAvyapradIpa kI TIkA meM isakA saMketa karate hue batAyA hai ki vikalpAlaMkAra meM koI camatkAra nahIM hotA, ataH isameM hArAdi kI taraha alaMkAratva nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| kucha loga aise sthaloM para sandeha alaMkAra mAnate haiM jisameM 'mAtsaryamutsArya kI taraha nizcaya vyaMgya hai| yatta 'iha namaya ziraH kaliMgavadvA samaramukhe karahATavaddhanurvA' ityatra vikalpAlaGkAraH pRthageva / vA zabdazcAtra kalpAntaraparaH / asAmarthya kaliGganRpativacchiro namaya, sati sAmadhye karahATanRpativaddhanurnamayetyarthAt / vyavasthitazcAyaM vikalpa iti / tanna / varNanIyotkarSAnA. dhAyakatvenaitasyAlaGkAratve maanaabhaavaat| upakurvanti taM sntmityaadisaamaanylkssnnaabhaavaat| etena namanarUpaika kriyAkamaikatvenaupamyaM gamyamAnamalakAratA bIjamityapAstam / tAdRzaupamyasyAcArutvAcca / anye tu atrApi sandeha eva bhyaMgyastu nizcayo maatsrymutsaaryetivdityaahuH|' kAvyaprakAza ( udyota TAkA pR0 464 ) / isa sambandha meM yaha saMketa kara denA Avazyaka hogA ki alaMkArasarvasvakAra ruyyaka ne vikalpa ko alaga alaMkAra mAnA hai| tulyabalavirodho vikalpaH ( alaMkAra sarvasva pR0 198) / isake saMketa meM ruyyaka ne batAyA hai ki yaha alaMkAra yadyapi prAcInoM ne nahIM mAnA hai, para samuccaya alaMkAra kA virodhI hone ke kAraNa hamane diyA hai| tasmAtsamucayapratipakSabhUto vikalpAkhyo'laGkAra pUrvairakRtaviveko'tra darzita ityavagantavyam ( vahI pR0 200 ) ruyyaka ne isakA eka udAharaNa 'bhaktiprasavilokanapraNayinI...."yuSmAkaM kurutAM bhavArtizamanaM netre tanurvA hareH' diyA hai, jisameM paNDitarAja vikalpa nahIM mAnate / kyoMki hari kA zarIra tathA netradvaya donoM meM bhavArtizamanakriyA ke sambandha meM koI parasparavirodha nahIM pAyA jAtA / taJcintyam / bhavArtizamane tanunetradvandvayordvayorapi yugapatkartRtve virodhA. bhAvAt vikalpAnusthAnAt / ( rasagaMgAvara pR0 659 ) __ yahA~ sandhi athavA vigraha (yuddha) se saMbaddha zironamana yA cApanamana donoM kA eka sAtha varNana kiyA gayA hai| zatru rAjA donoM kAryoM ko eka sAtha nahIM kara sakatA kyoMki ye tulyabala tathA paraspara viruddha kArya haiM, ataH inakA yugapat varNana karane ke kAraNa yahA~ vikalpa alaGkAra hai| athavA jaisekoI virahiNI kaha rahI hai| isa varSAkAla meM nirantara jalavRSTi ho rahI hai aura mayUra

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samuccayAlaGkAraH adya kAntaH kRtAnto vA duHkhasyAntaM kariSyati / / priyasamAgazmazcenna maraNamAzaMsanIyaM, maraNe tu na priyasamAgamasaMbhava iti tayorAzaMsAyAM vikalpaH / / 114 / / 55 samuccayAlaGkAraH bahUnAM yugapadbhAvabhAjAM gumphaH samuccayaH / nazyanti pazcAtpazyanti trasyanti ca bhavadviSaH // 115 // avirodhena saMbhAvita yaugapadyAnAM nAzAdInAM gumphanaM samuccayaH / yathA vA bibhrANA hRdaye tvayA vinihitaM premAbhidhAnaM navaM 187 zalyaM yadvidadhAti sA vidhuritA sAdho ! tadAkarNyatAm / nAca rahe haiM / aisI sthiti meM priya kA viyoga mujhe atyadhika duHkha de rahA hai / isa duHkha kA anta yA to priya hI ( Akara ) kara sakegA, yA svayaM yamarAja hI ( mujhe mArakara ) / yahA~ priyasamAgama tathA maraNa ina do virodhI tulyabala padArthoM kA vikalpa hai| yadi priyasamAgama hogA to maraNa nahIM hogA, yadi maraNa hogA to priyasamAgama saMbhava nahIM hai, isa prakAra ina donoM kI yugapat sthiti ke kAraNa yahA~ vikalpa alaGkAra hai / ( vikalpa alaGkAra vacyamANa samuccaya alaGkAra kA ThIka usI taraha ulaTA hotA hai, jaise vyatireka alaGkAra upamA kA ulaTA hotA hai :- ayaM ca samuccayasya pratipakSabhUto vyatireka ivopamAyAH (rasagaMgAdhara pR0 657 ) ) 55 samuccaya alaGkAra 115 - jahA~ eka hI vastu se saMbaddha anekoM padArthoM kA eka sAtha guMphana kiyA gayA ho, vahA~ samuccaya alaGkAra hotA hai / ( yaha samuccaya aneka guNa, aneka kriyA Adi kA pAyA jAtA hai / ) jaise he rAjan Apake zatru pahale rAjyacyuta hote haiM, pIche dekhate haiM tathA Apase Darate haiM / TippaNI -- mammaTa ne samuccaya alaMkAra vahA~ mAnA hai, jahA~ kisI kArya ke eka sAdhaka ( hetu ) ke hone para anya sAdhaka bhI upasthita ho / tatsiddhi heta / vekasmin yatrAnyattatkaraM bhavet / samu* yo'sau ( kAvyaprakAza 10 - 116 ) / yahI paribhASA vizvanAtha kI hai, jisane lakSaNa meM 'khalekapotikAnyAya' kA saMketa kara ise aura spaSTa kara diyA hai / samuccayo'yamekasminsati kAryasya sAdhake / khalekapotikAnyAyAttatkaraH syAtparo'pi cet // ( sAhityadarpaNa ) yahA~ zatru rAjAoM ke sambandha meM eka sAtha rAjya se cyuta hone, pIche dekhane tathA Darane ina aneka kriyAoM kA eka sAtha varNana kiyA gayA hai, ataH samuccaya alaGkAra hai / athavA jaise-- koI dUtI kisI nAyaka se virahiNI nAyikA kI dazA kaha rahI hai| he sajjana yuvaka, tUne jisa prema nAma vAle naye bANa ( zalya ) ko usa nAyikA ke hRdaya meM chor3A, usa bANa ko dhAraNa karatI huI vaha virahiNI nAyikA jo kucha kara rahI hai use suna 1

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188 kuvalayAnandaH zete zuSyati tAmyati pralapati pramlAyati prevati bhrAmyatyulluThati praNazyati galatyunmUrcchati truTyati / / atra kAsAMcitkriyANAM kiMcitkAlabhedasaMbhave'pi zatapatrapatrazatabhedanyAyena yogapadyaM virahAtizayadyotanAya vivakSitamiti lakSaNAnugatiH / / 115 / / ahaM prAthamikAmAjAmekakAryAnvaye'pi saH / kulaM rUpaM vayo vidyA dhanaM ca madayantyamum // 116 // yatraikaH kAryasiddhihetutvena prakrAntastatrAnye'pi yadyahamahamikayA khalekapotanyAyena tatsiddhiM kurvanti so'pi samuccayaH / yathA made AbhijAtyamekaM samagraM kAraNaM tAhageva rUpAdikamapi tatsAdhanatvenAvataratIti / yathA vApradAnaM pracchannaM gRhamupagate saMbhramavidhi nirutseko lakSmyAmanabhibhavagandhAH prkthaaH| vaha sotI hai, sUkhatI hai, jalatI hai, cillAtI hai, kumhalAtI hai, kA~patI hai, ghUmatI hai, loTatI hai, naSTa ho rahI hai, gala rahI hai, mUrchita ho rahI hai tathA TUTa rahI hai|' yahA~ nAyikAgata aneka kriyAoM kA eka sAtha varNana kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ kaI kriyAe~ eka sAtha nahIM kI jA sakatI, ataH unameM kAlabheda kA honA saMbhava hai, tathApi kavi ne zatapatrapatrabhedanyAya ke AdhAra para virahiNI nAyikA ke virahAdhikya ko sUcita karane ke lie sabakA eka sAtha varNana kara diyA hai| isa saraNi ko mAnane para isa udA. haraNa meM samuccaya kA lakSaNa ghaTita ho jAtA hai| TippaNI-paMDitarAja jagannAtha ne bhI isa bAta kI puSTi karate hue kahA hai :-'tena kiMcitkAlabhede'pi na smuccybhnggH|' ( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 661 ) 116-aba samuccaya ke dUsare bheda ko batAte haiM: jahA~ aneka hetuoM se kisI eka kArya kI utpatti ho sakatI ho aura kavi usa sthAna para sabhI hetuoM kA eka sAtha isa taraha varNana kare, jaise pratyeka hetu apane Apa ko prAthamikatA detA huA ahamahamikA kara rahA ho, vahA~ bhI samuccaya alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, isa vyakti ko kula, rUpa, vaya, vidyA tathA dhana ke kAraNa ghamaNDa ho rahA hai| jahA~ eka hI vastu kAryasiddhi ke kAraNa ke rUpa meM paryApta ho aura vahA~ anya kAraNa bhI khalekapotikAnyAya se ahamahamikA se usa kArya kI siddhi kareM, vahA~ bhI samuccaya hotA hai| jaise uparyukta udAharaNa meM akelA abhijAta kula ho vyakti ko ghamaNDI banA detA hai, rUpAdi bhI isI taraha vyakti ko ghamaNDI banAne ke kAraNa hai,unako bhI yahA~ mada ke sAdhana ke rUpa meM varNita kiyA gayA hai / ataH yahA~ samuccaya kA anyatara bheda hai / athavA jaise 'gupta dAna denA, ghara meM Aye atithi kA sammAna karanA, sampatti ke hone para bhI mada na karanA, dUsaroM kI bAta karate samaya niMdA kI gaMdha na Ane denA, kisI kA upakAra karake cupa rahanA (upakAra karane kI DIMga na mAranA), sabhA ke samakSa (logoM ke sAmane) bhI anya vyakti ke dvArA kiye upakAra ko svIkAra karanA tathA zAstroM meM atyadhika prema saba lakSaNa kisI vyakti ke kulInatva kA saMketa karate haiN|

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kArakadIpakAlaGkAraH 184 priyaM kRtvA maunaM sadasi kathanaM cApyupakRteH zrute'tyantAsaktiH puruSamabhijAtaM prathayati // 116 / / ___ 56 kArakadIpakAlaMkAraH kramikaikagatAnAM tu gumphaH kArakadIpakam / gacchatyAgacchati punaH pAnthaH pazyati pRcchati // 117 // yathA vAnidrAti snAti bhuGkte calati kacabharaM zoSayatyantarAste dIvyatyakSarna cAyaM gaditumavasaro bhUya AyAhi yAhi / ityudaNDaiH prabhUNAmasakRdadhikRtairvAritAn dvAri dInA: ____nasmAn pazyAbdhikanye ! srsiruhrucaamntrnggrpaanggH|| AdyodAharaNe zrutasya pAnthasya kartRkArakasyaikasya gamanAdiSvanvayaH; dvitIye tvadhyAhRtasya prabhukartRkArakasya nidrAdiSvanvaya ityekasyAnekavAkyArthAnvayena dIpakacchAyApattyA kArakadIpakaM prathamasamuccayapratidvandvIdam / / 157 / / yahA~ pracchannadAnAdi meM se kevala eka padArtha bhI vyakti ke kaulInya kA hetu hai, para yahA~ samasta hetuoM kA samuccaya pAyA jAtA hai| TippaNI-isI kA anya udAharaNa yaha hai :pATIrabhujaMgapuMgavamukhodbhUtA vapustApino, vAtA vAnti dahanti locanamamI tAmrA rsaaldrmaaH| zrotre hanta kiranti kUjitamime hAlAhalaM kokilA, bAlA bAlamRNAlakomalatanuH prANAnkathaM rakSatu // (rasagaMgAdhara) 56. kArakadIpaka alaMkAra 117-jahA~ eka kAraka gata aneka kriyAoM kA yugapat varNana ho, vahA~ kArakadIpaka nAmaka alaMkAra hotA hai| jaise rAhagIra jAtA hai, phira lauTakara AtA hai, dekhatA hai aura pUchatA hai| yahA~ eka kAraNa ke sAtha gamanAdi cAra kriyAoM kA eka sAtha varNana kiyA gayA hai| (anya AlaMkArikoM ne ise alaga se alaMkAra na mAnakara dIpaka alaMkAra kA hI eka bheda mAnA hai|) athavA jaise koI kavi lakSmI kI prArthanA kara rahA hai| he samudra kI putri, kamala ke samAna kAMti vAle apane apAMgoM se una hama logoM kI ora dekho, jina daridroM ko rAjAoM ke daravAjoM para bhikSA ke lie upasthita hote samaya uddaNDa adhikAriyoM dvArapAlAdi) ke dvArA yaha kaha kara bAra bAra roka diyA jAtA hai:-'ve so rahe haiM, nahA rahe haiM, bhojana kara rahe haiM, bAhara jA rahe haiM, bAloM ko sukhA rahe haiM, janAne meM haiM, pAse (juA) khela rahe haiM, yaha samaya arja karane kA nahIM hai, phira AnA, lauTa jaao|' prathama udAharaNa meM 'pAntha' isa kartA kAraka ko gamanAdi anekoM kriyAoM meM anvaya ghaTita hotA hai| dUsare udAharaNa meM pUrvArdha kA kartA rAjA (prabhu) adhyAhRta (AkSipta)

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160 kuvalayAnandaH 57 samAdhyalaMkAraH samAdhiH kAryasaukarya kaarnnaantrsNnidheH| utkaNThitA ca taruNI jagAmAstaM ca bhAnumAn // 118 // yathA vA ( kAvyA0 2 / 299), mAnamasyA nirAkatuM pAdayorme ptissytH| upakArAya diSTayaitadudIrNa ghamagarjitam / / kenacidAripsitasya kAryasya kAraNAntarasannidhAnAdyatsIkaya tatsamyagA. dhAnAt samAdhiH / dvitIyasamuccayapratidvandvI ayaM samAdhiH / tatrAhi bahUnAM pratyeka samarthAnAM khalekapotakanyAyena yugapatkAryasAdhanatvenAvatAraH / atra tvekena kArye samAripsite'nyasya kAkatAlIyanyAyenApatitasya tatsaukaryAdhAyakatvamAtram / atrodAharaNam- utknntthiteti| utkaNThaiva priyAbhisaraNe puSkalaM kAraNaM nAndhakArAgamanamapekSate / 'atyArUDho hi nArINAmakAlajJo manobhavaH' iti nyAyAt / kara liyA jAtA hai, usake bAda nidrAdi kriyAoM ke sAtha usakA anvaya hotA hai / isa lie eka kartA kA aneka vAkyoM ke sAtha anvaya hone ke kAraNa dIpaka kI bhA~ti yaha kAraka dIpaka prathama prakAra ke samuccaya alaMkAra kA pratidvandvI (viparIta) hai| 5.7. samAdhi alaMkAra 118-jahA~ kArya siddhi ke anukUla eka hetu ke hone para anya (Akasmika) hetu ke dvArA usa kArya kI siddhi meM zIvratA yA sugamatA ho, vahA~ samAdhi alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, (idhara) nAyikA (abhisaraNa ke lie) utkaMThita ho rahI thI aura (udhara ) sUrya asta ho gyaa| ___ yahA~ nAyikA ke abhisaraNa ke lie sUryAstarUpa Akasmika hetvantara kI ukti meM samAdhi hai / athavA jaise jaba maiM usa kupita nAyikA ke mAna ko dUra karane ke lie usake caraNoM para gira rahA thA, usI samaya mere upakAra ke lie bAdaloM ne garajanA Arambha kara diyA, yaha acchA hI huaa| kisI vyakti ke dvArA kisI kArya ko Arambha karane kI icchA karane para jaba kisI anya kAraNa kI sthiti ke kAraNa usa kArya ke karane meM sugamatA ho jAya, vahA~ samAdhi alaMkAra hotA hai| yaha samAdhi alaMkAra samuccaya ke dvitIya bheda (khalekapotikAnyAyavAle samuccaya) kA virodhI hai / vahA~ una aneka kAraNoM kA, jinameM se pratyeka ukta kArya ko karane meM sazakta hote haiM, khalekapotakanyAya se eka sAtha kArya ke sAdhaka rUpa meM varNana hotA hai| yahA~ kisI eka kArya ke kisI hetu viziSTa se AraMbha karane para anya hetu kAkatAlIyanyAya se akasmAt upasthita ho kara usa kArya ko kevala sukara banA detA hai / isa alaMkAra kA udAharaNa-utkaNThitA Adi kArikAdha hai / priyAbhisaraNa ke lie utkaNThA kA honA hI paryApta kAraNa hai, usake hone para andhakAra ke Ane kI pratIkSA nahIM hotii| kyoMki jaisA kahA jAtA hai-'striyoM meM kAmadeva pravRtta hone para samaya kA vicAra nahIM

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pratyanIkAlaGkAraH daivAdApatatA tvandhakAreNa tatsaukaryamAnaM kRtamiti | evaM dvitIyodAharaNe'pi yojyam / / 118 // 58 pratyanIkAlaGkAraH pratyanIkaM balavataH zatroH pakSe parAkramaH / jaitranetrAnugau karNAvutpalAbhyAmadhaHkRtau // 119 // karatA' / para utkaNThA ke samaya hI daivayoga se sUrya asta ho gayA aura isa prakAra daivAt aMdhakAra ke Agamana ke kAraNa nAyikA ke priyAbhisaraNa kA kArya aura sarala ho gyaa| ThIka isI taraha dUsare udAharaNa meM samajhA jA sakatA hai| (dUsare udAharaNa meM pairoM para giranA hI nAyikA ke mAna ko haTAne ke lie kAphI thA, para isI dIca akasmAt meghagarjana huA, jisase nAyikA meM kAmoddIpana aura jaldI tathA adhika saralatA se ho gayA aura nAyaka ke prati usakA krodha sugamatA se haTa gyaa|) TippaNI-samAdhi kA anya udAharaNa yaha diyA jA sakatA hai : kathaya kathamivAzA jAyatAM jIvite me malayabhujagavAntA vAnti vAtAH kRtaantaaH| ayamapi bata guatyAli mAkandamaulI / manasijamahimAnaM manyamAno milindaH / / ( rasagaMgAdhara ) yahA~ virahiNI ke jIvita kI AzA chor3a dene rUpa kArya kA kAraNa malaya pavana haiM hI, kiMtu akasmAt prApta Ama ke per3a para kAmadeva kI mahimA kI ghoSaNA karatA madhupaguana usa jIvitA. zAtyAga ke kArya ko aura sukara banA detA hai| 58. pratyanIka alaMkAra 119-jahA~ balavAn zatru ko parAjita karane meM asamartha koI padArtha usa zatrupakSa ke kisI anya padArtha ko parAjita karatA varNita kiyA jAya, vahA~ pratyanIka alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, (kisI nAyikA ne apane kAnoM meM kamaloM ko avataMsita kara rakhA hai, usakI prazaMsA karate kavi kahatA hai) ina kamaloM ne apane zatru ( apane Apako parAjita karane vAle) netroM ke anugAmI kAnoM ko dabA diyA hai| ___ yahA~ kamala zobhA meM netroM ke dvArA parAjita kara diye gaye haiM, kamala isa parAjaya kA badalA netroM se nahIM le sakate, kyoMki netra vizeSa balavAn (sundara) haiM, ataH netroM ke sAthI ( kyoMki nAyikA ke netra karNAntAyata haiM) kAnoM ko parAjita kara rahe haiN| ('pratyanIkaM' isa zabda meM avyayIbhAva samAsa hai| isakA vigraha hotA hai-anIkena sanyena sadRzaM iti pratyanIkam / arthAt jisa prakAra senA (anIka) pratipakSa (zatru) kA tiraskAra karatI hai. ThIka isI taraha isa alaMkAra meM bhI sAkSAt pratipakSa (zatra) kA tiraskAra karane meM asamartha hone ke kAraNa pratipakSa ke sAthI kisI mitrAdi kA tiraskAra hotA hai| yahA~ eka zaMkA uTha sakatI hai ki 'anIkena sadRzaM' isa vyutpatti meM avyayIbhAva kaise hogA ? kyoMki 'sadRzaM' kahane para to sAdRzyavAle padArtha kI pradhAnatA ho jAyegI, kevala sAdRzya kI nahIM, sAdRzya to vahA~ guNIbhUta hogaa| isa zaMkA kA uttara yoM diyA jA sakatA hai ki guNIbhUta sAdRzya meM bhI avyayIbhAva samAsa hotA hai / arthAt 'avyayaM

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162 kuvalayAnandaH yathA vA mama rUpakIrtimaharadbhuvi yastadanu praviSTahRdayeyamiti | tvayi matsarAdiva nirastadayaH sutarAM kSiNoti khalu tAM madanaH // evaM balavati pratipakSe pratikartumazaktasya tadIyabAdhanaM pratyanIkamiti sthite sAkSAtpratipakSe parAkramaH pratyanIkamiti kaimutikanyAyena phalati / vibhakti' ityAdi pANinisUtra se yathArtha padArthoM ke sAdRzya ke liye jAne para 'sAdRzya' zabda ke grahaNa se guNIbhUta sAdRzya meM bhI avyayIbhAva ho jAtA hai| isalie 'sadRzaH sakhyA sasakhi' jaise udAharaNoM meM avyayIbhAva samAsa hotA hai| isa saMbaMdha meM dekhiye 'rasagaMgAdhara' pR. 665) athavA jaise yaha nAyikA usI vyakti ke prati apane hRdaya se anurakta hai jisane isa pRthvI para mere rUpa kI kIrti ko hara liyA hai-mAno isa matsara (IrSA ) ke kAraNa kAmadeva nirdaya ho kara usa nAyikA ko atyadhika kSINa banA rahA hai| yahA~ kAmadeva apane pratipakSabhUta nAyaka ko balavAn pAkara usakA kucha nahIM bigAr3a pAtA, phalataH vaha apane baira kA badalA cukAne ke liye nAyaka kI pakSabhUta nAyikA ko pIr3A dekara use parAbhUta kara rahA hai / ataH yahA~ pratyanIka alaGkAra hai| TippaNI-isa sambandha meM rasagaMgAdharakAra paNDitarAja jagannAtha kA mata jAnanA Avazyaka hai / unake mata se kucha AlaMkArika pratyanIka alaMkAra ko alaga se alaMkAra nahIM mAnate, ve ise hetUtprekSA kA hI rUpa mAnate haiN| hetUtprekSayaiva gatArthatvAnnedamalaGkArAntaraM bhavitu. marhati ( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 666 ) / kintu paNDitarAja ise alaga alaMkAra mAnate haiN| itanA hone para bhI paNDitarAja kA yaha mata hai ki jahA~ hetUtprekSA 'ivAdi' zabda ke binA gamyamAna ho, vahIM pratyanIka mAnA jaaygaa| bhAva yaha hai, hetUtprekSA meM do aMza hote haiM-eka hetvaMza, dUsarA utprekSAMza, jahA~ donoM aMza Artha hoM, athavA kevala hetvaMza zAbda ho ( kintu utprekSAMza Artha ho ), vahIM pratyanIka alaMkAra mAnA jAyagA / jahA~ utprekSAMza tathA hetvaMza donoM zAbda hoM, vahA~ pratyanIka nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, kyoMki vahA~ spaSTataH utprekSA hI hogii| isI sambandha meM rasagaMgAdharakAra ne kuvalayAnandakAra ke isa udAharaNa ko isalie pratyanIka kA udAharaNa nahIM mAnA hai ki yahA~ hetvaMza (mama rUpa"praviSTahRdayeyamiti ) tathA utprekSAMza (matsarAdiva) donoM hI zAbda hai / ve kahate haiM: mama rUpakIrti' iti kuvalayAnandakAreNodAhRte tu padye hesvaMza utprekSAMzazvetyubhayamapi zAbdamiti kathakAramasyAlaGkArodAharaNatAM nItamidamAyuSmateti na vidmaH / ' (rasagaMgAdhara pR0 667) paNDitarAja jagannAtha ke isa AkSepa kA uttara vaidyanAtha ne apanI kuvalayAnandaTIkA alaMkAracandrikA meM diyA hai| ve kahate haiM ki 'matsarAdiva' isa aMza meM utprekSA zAbdI hai, kintu usake kAraNa pratipakSI ke sambandhI ( nAyikA ) kA ( kAmadeva ke dvArA ) pAMDita karanA, isa aMza meM to spaSTataH pratyanIka alaMkAra hai hii| ve isa sambandha meM mammaTAcArya ke dvArA pratyanIka ke prakaraNa meM uhAhRta padya ko dete haiM, jahA~ bhI utprekSAMza ( anuzayAdiva ) zAbda hI pAyA jAtA hai| _ 'atra matsarAdiva' iti hetvaMze utprehAsattve'pi taddhetukapratipakSasambandhibAdhanaM pratyanI

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yathA vA arthApattyalaGkAraH m 163 madhuvrataughaH kupitaH svakIyamadhuprapApadmanimIlanena / trimbaM samAkramya balAtsudhAMzoH kalakumake dhunamAtanoti // 116 // 59 arthApatyalaGkAraH kaimutyenArthasaMsiddhiH kAvyArthApattiriSyate / sa jitastvanmukhenenduH, kA vArtA sarasIruhAm 1 // 120 // kAlaGkArasya vivikto viSaya iti bodhyam / ata eva mammaTabhaTTairapi - zvaM vinirjitamanobhavarUpaH sA ca sundara bhavasyanuraktA / paJcabhiryugapadeva zaraistAM tApayatyanuzayAdiva kAmaH ||' ( ityudAhRtaM ) / evaM ca hetUtprekSayaiva gatArthazvAnnedamalaGkArAntaraM bhavitumaItIti kasyacidvacanamanAdeyam // ( alaMkAra candrikA pR0 135 ) isa prakAra jahA~ balavAn pratipakSa ke prati bigAr3a karane meM asamartha vyakti ke dvArA usa zatru ko svayaM ko hI pIDita kiyA jAya, vahA~ sAkSAt zatru ke prati varNita parAkrama meM bhI isalie pratyanIka alaGkAra hogA ki kisI zatru ke sambandhI ko pIDita karane kI apekSA zatru ko pIDita karanA vizeSa mahattvapUrNa hai ( kyoMki kaimutikanyAya se isakI puSTi hotI hai ) / athavA jaise zAma ke samaya bhauroM kA samUha apanI madhu kI prapArUpa kamalazreNi ke murajhAne ke kAraNa kruddha hokara, apane zatrubhUta candramA ke vimba para AkramaNa kara usake madhyabhAga meM kalaGka ko utpanna kara rahA hai / yahA~ bhauroM kA samUha apanA apakAra karane vAle ( kamaloM ko kumhalA dene vAle ) zatru candramA se kupita hokara usakA apakAra karanA cAhatA hai / yadyapi vaha candramA ko pIDita karane meM azakta hai tathApi kisI taraha usake madhyabhAga meM kalaMka ko utpanna kara use bAdhA pahu~cA hI rahA hai / TippaNI- yaha pratyanIka kA prakArAntara appayadIkSita ne hI mAnA hai / ruyyaka, mammaTa tathA paNDitarAja kevala pratipakSisambandhibAdhana yA pratipakSisambandhitiraskRti meM hI pratyanIka mAnate haiM, pratipakSI ke svayaM ke bAdhana yA tiraskAra meM nahIM / 59. arthApatti alaGkAra 120 - jahA~ kaimutyanyAya ke dvArA kisI artha kI siddhi ho, vahA~ arthApatti yA kAvyArthApatti alaGkAra hotA hai / jaise tumhAre sukha ne usa candramA taka ko jIta liyA, to kamaloM kI to bAta hI kyA ? 1 TippaNI--paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne arthApatti ke lakSaNa meM 'kaimutyanyAya' na mAnakara 'tulyanyAya' kI sthiti mAnI hai| tabhI to be arthApatti kI paribhASA yaha dete haiM :- kenacidarthena tulyanyAyatvAdarthAntarasyApattirarthApattiH / ( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 653 ) / arthApatti ke prakaraNa meM ve apayadIkSita kI paribhASA kA khaNDana karate haiM tathA isa bAta kI dalIla dete haiM ki arthApatti. na kevala adhikArthaviSaya ke dvArA nyUnArthaviSaya vAlI ( kaimutikanyAya vAlI ) hI hotI hai, apitu nyUnAviSaya ke dvArA avikArthaviSaya kI bhI hotI hai / appayadIkSita kA lakSaNa isa prakAra ke udAharaNoM meM ghaTita na ho sakegA / yattu - 'kaimutyenArthasaMsiddhiH kAvyArthApattiriSyate' iti kuvalayAnandakRtA asyA lakSaNaM nirmitaM, tadasat / kaimutikanyAyasya nyUnArthavipayatvenAdhikArthApattAvavyApteH ( hI pR0 666 ) / kuvalayAnanda ke TAkAkAra vaidyanAtha ne alaMkAracandrikA meM

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164 kuvalayAnandaH Amercasmaaaaamanamammiamamaraaraamaamam ____ aMtra sa ityanena padmAni yena jitAni iti vivakSitam, tathA ca so'pi yena jitastena padmAni jitAnIti kimu vaktavyamiti daNDApUpikAnyAyena padmamayarUpasyArthasya saMsiddhiH kAvyArthApattiH / tAntrikAbhimatArthApattivyAvatanAya kArayeti vizeSaNam / yathA vA adharo'yamadhIrAkSyA bandhujIvaprabhAharaH / anyajIvaprabhAM hanta haratIti kimadbhutam ? / svakIyaM hRdayaM bhittvA nirgatau yau payodharau / hRdayasyAnyadIyasya bhedane kA kRpA tayoH ? / / 120 // paNDitarAja kA mata dekara usakA khaNDana kiyA hai| vaise vaidyanAtha paNDitarAja kA nAma na dekara'iti kenaciduktaM' kahate haiN| vaidyanAtha ne uttara meM upayuddhata paNDitarAja ke aApattilakSaNa ko hI duSTa mAnA hai kyoMki vaha lakSaNa' kA vArtA sarasIruhAM' vAle kaimutyanyAya vAle arthApatti ke udAharaNa meM ghaTita nahIM hotaa| kaimutikanyAya meM nyUnArthaviSaya hotA hai, vahA~ tulyanyAya to pAyA nahIM jAtA, ataH tulyanyAya ke abhAva ke kAraNa usakI pratIti na ho skegii| zAyada Apa yaha dalIla deM ki alaGkAra to camatkRtijanaka hotA hai, ataH korA kaimutikanyAya honA alaMkAra nahIM hai, to yaha dalIla ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki kaimutikanyAya meM to lokavyavahAra meM bho camatkAritvAnubhava hotA hai, ataH vaha nyAya svataH hI alaMkAra hai| tatredaM vaktavyam-kenacidarthena tulya. nyAyasvAdarthAntarasyApattirapattiriti taduktalakSaNamayuktam / 'kA vArtA sarasIruhAM' ityaadikmutynyaayvissyaarthaapttaavvyaaptH| kaimutikanyAyasya nyUnArthaviSayatvena tulya. nyAyasvAbhAvAdApAdanapratItezceti / na cAna kaimutyanyAyatAmAtraM na tvalaGkAramiti yuktam, ....."lokavyavahArepi kaimutyanyAyasya camatkAritvAnubhavena tenaiva nyAyena tasyAlaGkAratA. sidezca / ( pR0 136 ) __ yahA~ candramA ke sAtha yukta 'saH' pada ke dvArA isa bAta kI vyaJjanA vivakSita hai ki jisa candramA ne kamaloM ko jIta liyA hai| nAyikA ke mukha ne usa candramA taka ko jIta liyA hai, ataH usane kamaloM ko bhI jIta liyA, isa bAta ke kahane kI to AvazyakatA hI kyA hai / isa prakAra daNDApUpikAnyAya se mukha ne kamaloM ko bhI jIta liyA hai isa artha kI siddhi ho jAtI hai, ataH arthApatti alaGkAra hai| isa alaGkAra ke sAtha kAvyazabda jor3akara ise kAvyArthApatti isalie kahA gayA hai ki mImAMsakoM ke arthApatti pramANa (pIno devadatto divA na bhuMkte,arthAt rAtrau bhuMkte) kI vyAvRtti ho jAya / athavA jaise caJcala netra vAlI nAyikA kA adhara badhUka (vandhuoM ke jIva) kI prabhA ko haratA hai, to vaha dUsare jIvoM kI prabhA ko hare, isameM to Azcarya hI kyA hai ? / ___ isa padya meM jo bandhuoM taka ke jIvana hara sakatA hai ( bandhujIva puSpa kI zobhA ko haratA hai), vaha dUsaroM ke jIvana ko kyoM na haregA, yaha zlepAnuprANita arthApatti hai| jo nAyikA ke stana khuda apane hI hRdaya ko phor3akara bAhara nikala Aye haiM, unheM anya myakti ke hRdaya ko phor3ane meM dayA kyoM Ane lagI ? - isameM, jo khuda ke hRdaya ko phor3ane se nahIM hicakicAtA, vaha dUsaroM para kyoM dyaa| karegA, yaha arthApatti hai|

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kAvyaliGgAlaGkAraH 165 60 kAvyaliGgAlaGkAraH samarthanIyasyArthasya kAvyaliGgaM samarthanam / jito'si manda ! kandarpa ! maccitte'sti trilocanaH // 121 // atra kandarpajayopanyAso duSkaraviSatvAtsamarthanasApekSaH tasya 'maJcitte'sti trilocanaH' iti svAntaHkaraNe zivasaMnidhAnapradarzanena samarthanaM kAvyaliGgam / vyAptidharmatAdisApekSanaiyAyikAbhimataliGgavyAvartanAya kAvyavizeSaNam / idaM vAkyArthahetukaM kAvyaliGgam / padArthahetukaM yathA bhasmoddhUlana ! bhadramastu bhavate rudrAkSamAle ! zubhaM ___ hA sopAnaparampare ! girisutAkAntAlayAlaMkRte ! / 60. kAvyaliGga alaGkAra 121-jahA~ samarthanIya artha kA kisI padArtha yA vAkya ke dvArA samarthana kiyA jAya, vahA~ kAvyaliGga alaGkAra hotA hai| jaise, he mUrkha kAmadeva, maiMne tumheM jIta liyA hai, kyoMki mere citta meM trilocana (ziva) vidyamAna haiN| yahA~ kAmadeva ko jItane kA jo varNana kiyA gayA hai, vaha duSkara viSaya hone ke kAraNa samarthanasApekSa hai| cUMki kAmadeva kA jaya sarala rIti se nahIM ho sakatA tathA usakA jaya kevala ziva hI kara sakate haiM, isalie 'kAmadeva' maiMne tumheM jIta liyA hai' isa ukti ke samarthana kI AvazyakatA (apekSA) upasthita hotI haiN| isa bAta kA samarthana 'kyoMki mere citta meM trilocana haiM, isa prakAra apane antaHkaraNa meM ziva ke sthita rahane ke varNana ke dvArA kiyA gayA hai| ataH yahA~ sApekSa samarthana hone ke kAraNa kAvyaliMga hai| isa alaMkAra kA nAma kAvyaliMga isalie diyA gayA hai ki AlaMkArika naiyAyikoM ke liMga (hetu) se ise bhinna batAnA cAhate haiN| naiyAyikoM kI anumAnasaraNi meM jisa hetu (anumApaka) se sAdhya kI anumiti hotI hai, use liMga bhI kahA jAtA hai| jaise, 'parvato'yaM vahnimAndhUmAt' isa vAkya meM 'dhUma' liGga ( hetu) hai| naiyAyikoM ke isa liGga meM sAdhya ke sAtha vyApti sambandha tathA pakSa meM usakI sattA (dharmatA) honA jarUrI ho jAtA hai| jaba taka 'dhUma' (liGga) tathA 'agni' (sAdhya) meM vyApti sambandha na hogA tathA liGga 'parvata' (pakSa) meM na hogA, taba taka dhUma (liGga) se agni kI anumiti na ho skegii| isa prakAra naiyAyikoM kA 'liGga' vyApti tathA pakSadharmatA Adi kI apekSA rakhatA hai, jaba ki AlaGkArikoM kA yaha 'hetu' sAdhya ke sAtha vyApti sambandha tathA pakSa meM sattA rakhatA hI ho yaha apekSita nhiiN| isIlie naiyAyikoM ke sAdhAraNa 'liGga' se isakA antara batAne ke lie tathA isameM usakA samAveza na kara liyA jAya isalie isake sAtha kAvya kA vizeSaNa diyA gayA hai tathA ise 'kAvyaliGga' kahA jAtA hai| kArikAdha kA udAharaNa vAkyArthahetuka kAvyaliGga kA hai / padArthahetuka kAvyaliGga kA udAharaNa nimna hai| ___ koI zivabhakta zivapUjA kI sAmagrI ko sambodhita kara rahA hai :-he bhasma, tumhArA kalyANa ho, he rudrAkSamAle, tuma kuzala raho, pArvatI ke pati ziva ke mandira ko alaMkRta karane vAlI sopAnapaMkti, hAya (aba maiM tumase judA ho rahA hU~) Aja bhagavAn ziva ne

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kuvalayAnandaH adyArAdhanatopitena vibhunA yuSmatsaparyAsukhA. ___lokocchedini mokSanAmani mahAmohe nilIyAmahe / / atra mokSasya mahAmohatvamasiddhamiti tatsamarthane sukhAlokocchedinIti padArthoM hetuH / kacitpadArthavAkyArthau parasparasApekSau hetubhAvaM bhajataH / yathA vA ( naiSadha0 2 / 20) cikuraprakarA jayanti te viduSI mUrdhani yAnvibharti saa| pazunApyapuraskRtena tattulanAmicchati cAmareNa kaH / / atra cAmarasya damayantIkuntalabhArasAmyAbhAve'pi 'viduSI mUrdhani yAnbibharti sA' iti vAkyArthaH, 'pazunApya puraskRtena' iti SadArthazcetyubhayaM militaM hetuH kacitsamarthanIyArthasamarthanArthe vAkyArthe padArtho hetuH / merI pUjA se prasanna hokara mujhe tumhArI pUjA ke sukha se rahita, mokSa rUpI mahAmoha ke garta meM girA diyA hai / bhAva yaha hai, Aja ziva ne prasanna hokara mujhe mokSa de diyA hai, isa lie mujhe aba bhasma, rudrAkSamAlA, zivamandira sopAnatati ke sahayoga kA sukha nahIM mila paaygaa| yahA~ 'mokSa' ko mahAmoha batAyA gayA hai| darzanazAstra meM mokSa ko paramAnandarUpa mAnA hai, kintu use mahAmoharUpa mAnanA aprasiddha hai, ataH isake lie samarthana kI apekSA hotI hai| isakA samarthana karane ke lie 'sukhAlokocchedini' yaha padArtha hetu rUpa meM upanyasta kiyA gayA hai| kyoMki mokSa kI sthiti meM saparyA-sukha (pUjA-sukha) naSTa ho jAtA hai, ataH use mahAmoha mAnA gayA hai| kabhI kabhI eka hI kAgya meM eka sAtha padArthahetuka tathA vAkyArthahetuka donoM taraha kA kAmyaliGga pAyA jAtA hai| aise sthaloM meM padArtha tathA vAkyArtha paraspara eka dUsare ke sApekSa hote haiM, tathA ve kisI ukti vizeSa ke hetu hote haiN| udAharaNa ke lie naiSadha ke dvitIya sarga kA nimna patha lIjiye kavi damayantI ke kezapAza kA varNana kara rahA hai| jina bAloM ko vaha buddhimatI damayantI apane sira para dhAraNa karatI haiM, ve sarvotkRSTa haiN| aisA kauna hogA, jo una bAloM kI tulanA camarI ke cAmara (pucchabhAra) se kare, jise (buddhihIna ) pazu (camarI gAya) ne bhI pIche rakha rakhA hai (Adara ke sAtha puraskRta nahIM kiyA hai)| bhAva yaha hai, kucha kavi damayantI ke bAloM kI tulanA camarI ke pucchabhAra se denA cAheM, para yaha tulanA galata hogii| kyoMki camarI ne bhI jisameM buddhi kA abhAva hai-apanI pU~cha ke bAloM ko isa. lie pIche rakha rakhA hai ki ve puraskRtaM karane lAyaka nahIM haiM, jaba ki viduSI damayantI ne apane bAloM ko zira para dhAraNa kara unheM Adara diyA hai| ataH unakI paraspara tulanA ho hI kaise sakatI hai? ' yahA~ cAmara damayantI ke kezabhAra kI samatA nahIM rakhate, isake samarthana ke lie jinheM viduSI damayantI sira para dhAraNa karatI hai' yaha vAkyArtha, tathA 'pazu ke dvArA bhI anAhata ( apuraskRta ) yaha padArtha donoM milAkara heturUpa meM upanyasta kiye gaye haiN|

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kAvyaliGgAlaGkAraH yathA-vAvapuHprAdurbhAvAdanumitamidaM janmani purA purAre ! na kApi kacidapi bhavantaM praNatavAn | -- namanmuktaH saMpratyahamatanuragre'pyanatimA. nitIza ! kSantavyaM tadidamaparAdhadvayamapi // atra tAvadaparAdhadvayaM samarthanIyam , aspaSTArthatvAt / tatsamarthanaM ca pUrvAparajanmanoranamanAbhyAM vAkyArthabhUtAbhyAM kriyate / atra dvitIyavAkyArthe'tanutvamekapadArtho hetuH / atrApi saMprati 'namanmuktaH' iti vAkyArtho'nekapadArtho vA hetuH / kacitparasparaviruddhayoH samarthanIyayorubhayoH kramAdubhau hetubhAvaM bhajataH / / yathA asoDhA tatkAlollasadasahabhAvasya tapasaH __kathAnAM vizrambheSvatha ca rasikaH zailaduhituH / pramodaM vo dizyAt kaphTabaTuveSApanayane tvarAzaithilyAbhyAM yugapadabhiyuktaH smaraharaH / / kabhI kabhI kisI samarthanIya ukti ke samarthana ke lie vAkyArtha kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai tathA usake lie punaH kisI padArtha ko heturUpa meM upanyasta kiyA jAtA hai| jaise he tripura daitya ke zatru mahAdeva, isa janma meM punaH zarIra grahaNa karane ke kAraNa maiMne yaha anumAna kiyA hai ki pichale janma meM maiMne kabhI bhI, kahIM bhI Apako praNAma nahIM kiyA thaa| aba isa janma meM maiM tumheM praNAma kara rahA hU~, isalie maiM mukta ho cukA hU~ (merA mokSa nizcita hai)| agale janma meM bhI zarIra grahaNa na karane ke kAraNa maiM Apako praNAma na kara skuuNgaa| he mahAdeva, mere isa aparAdhadvaya ko kSamA kreN| ___ yahA~ 'aparAdhadvaya' kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| yaha 'aparAdhadvaya' samarthana sApekSa hai, kyoMki isakA artha spaSTa nahIM hai| isakA samarthana purAne janma tathA bhAvI janma ke anamana (praNAma na karane rUpa) vAkyArtha ke dvArA kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ dvitIya vAkyAtha meM 'atanutva' (zarIra grahaNa na karanA) ekapadArtha hetu hai| yahIM aba 'praNAma karane ke kAraNa merA mokSa ho cukA' yaha vAkyArtha yA anekapadArtha hetu hai| kahIM kahIM parasparaviruddha do samarthanIya arthoM ke lie krama se samarthaka hetu (ukti) kA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai, jaise nimna padya meM ziva brahmacArI ke veSa meM pArvatI kI parIkSA lene Aye haiN| ve pArvatI ke tatkAlIna asahya tapa ko dekha kara use sahane meM asamartha haiM ( ataH yaha cAhate haiM ki zIghrAtizIghra apane vAstavika svarUpa ko prakaTa kara deN)| dUsarI ora ve himAlaya kI putrI pArvatI kI vizvasta bAtacIta meM rasika haiM (isalie apanI vAstavikatA chipAye rakhanA cAhate haiN)| isa prakAra kapaTa se brahmacArI-veSa ko haTAkara apanA vAstavika svarUpa prakaTa karane meM svarA tathA zithilatA se AkrAnta kAmadeva ke zatru (ziva) bhApa logoM ko sukha pradAna kreN| isa papa meM eka ora brahmacArI-veSa ko haTAne meM zIghratA, dUsarI ora usake haTAne meM

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168 kuvalayAnandaH Inv atra zivasya yugapatkRtrimabrahmacaryaveSApanayanatva tadanuvartanecchayorviruddhayoH kramA girijA tIvratapaso'sahiSNutvaM tatsaMdA pakautukaM cetyubhAvarthI hetutvena nibaddhau / kvacitparasparaviruddhayorubhayoH samarthanIyayoreka eva hetuH / yathA jIyAdambudhitanayAghararasamAsvAdayanmurAzriyam / ambudhimathanaklezaM kalayan viphalaM ca saphalaM ca / / atra viphalatva*saphalatvakalanayorubhayorviruddhayoreka evAmbudhitanayAdhararasAsvAdo hetuH / idaM kAvyaliGgaM iti, hetvalaGkAra iti kecidvyAjahuH // godAvari ! devi ! tAvakataToddeze kaliGgaH kavirvAgdevIM bahudezadarzanasakhIM tyaktvA viraktiM gataH / enAmarNavamadhya suptamurabhinnAbhIsarojAsanaM brahmANaM gamaya kSitau kathamasAvekAkinI sthAsyati // zithilatA ye donoM artha paraspara viruddha haiM, tathA donoM hI samarthana sApekSa haiN| inhIM kA samarthana kramazaH do vAkyArthahetu ke dvArA kiyA gayA hai / yahA~ ziva ke kRtrima brahmacAri-veSa ke haTAne meM kharA tathA usa ve ke banAye rakhane kI icchA rUpa do paraspara viruddha arthoM ke heturUpa meM kramazaH girijA ke tIvra tapa kI asahiSNutA tathA usase bAtacIta karane kA kutUhala ina do arthoM kA vinyAsa kiyA gayA hai| kabhI kabhI paraspara viruddha donoM arthoM ke lie hI samarthaka hetu kA upAdAna pAyA jAtA hai, jaise samudra kI putrI lakSmI ke adhararasa kA pAna karate hue bhagavAn viSNu kI -- jo samudramanthana ke kleza ko niSphala tathA saphala donoM samajha rahe haiM- -jaya ho / yahA~ lakSmI ke adharapAna karane se samudramanthana kleza eka sAtha viphala tathA saphala donoM samajhA jA rahA hai / ataH lakSmI kA adhararasAsvAda isa parasparaviruddha arthadvaya kA hetu hai / isa padya meM lakSmI ke adhararasapAna se samudramanthanazrama saphala huA, kintu amRta se bar3hakara lakSmI ke adhararasa ke hote hue phira se amRta ke lie kiyA gayA amRtamanthanazrama vyartha thA, yaha bhAva vyaJjita hotA hai / . yaha kAvyaliGga nAmaka alaGkAra hai, ise hI kucha AlaGkArika hetu alaGkAra kahate haiM / isI prasaGga meM jayadeva ke dvArA abhimata zleSa guNa para saMketa kara denA Avazyaka samajhA gayA hai, jahA~ 'avighaTamAna artha ke ghaTaka ( samarthaka ) artha kA varNana pAyA jAtA hai'| rator oGga meM bhI 'avighaTamAna artha' ke ghaTaka (hetu) kA varNana hotA hai / isa siddhAntapa ko upanyasta karane ke lie appayadIkSita nimna padya ko lete haiN| : koI kavi kisI vidvAn vyakti ke nidhana para usake viraha se ekAkinI sarasvatI kI dazA kA varNana karatA huA, prakArAntara se usa vidvAn kI vidvattA kA varNana karatA hai / 'he devi godAvari, koI kaliGga dezavAsI vidvAn kavi aneka dezoM ke darzana meM usake sAtha sakhI rUpa meM sthita sarasvatI ko chor3akara isa tere taTa ke samIpa hI mukti ko prApta ho gayA hai / isalie tuma isa sarasvatI ko samudra ke bIca meM yoganidrA meM supta bhagavAn viSNu

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kAvyaliGgAlaGkAraH ---- ityatra 'brahmaNaH prApaNaM kathaM godAvaryA kartavyam ?' ityasaMbhAvanIyArthopapAdakasya 'arNavamadhya-' ityAditadvizeSaNasya nyasanaM zleSAkhyo guNa iti, 'zleSo'vighaTamAnArthaghaTakArthasya varNanam' iti zleSalakSaNamiti ca jayadevenoktam / vastutastu - atrApi padArthahetukaM kAvyaliGgameva, tadbhedakAbhAvAt / nanu sAbhiprAyapadArtha vAkyArthavinyasanarUpAt parikarAtkAvyaliGgasya kiM bhedakam ? ucyate, parikare padArthavAkyArthabalAtpratIyamAnArthI vAcyopaskArakatAM bhajataH / kAvyaMliGge tu padArthavAkyArthAveva hetubhAvaM bhajataH / nanu yadyapi 'sukhAlokocche dina' ityAdipadArthahetukakAvyaliGgodAharaNe 'ame'pyanatimAn' ityAdivAkyArthahetukakAvyaliGgodAharaNe ca padArtha - vAkyArthAveva hetubhAvaM bhajatastathApi 'pazunApyapuraskRtena' iti padArthahetukodAharaNe 'macitte'sti trilocanaH' iti vAkyArthahetuko - 166 3 ke nAbhikamala ke Asana para sthita brahmA ke pAsa le jAo, nahIM to yaha becArI sarasvatI isa pRthvI para akelI kaise raha pAyagI ? yahA~ 'godAvarI sarasvatI ko brahmA ke pAsa kaise pahu~cA sakatI hai' isa asambhAvanIya artha ke samarthana ke lie 'arNavamadhya.. Adi vizeSaNa kA upanyAsa kiyA gayA hai ataH yahA~ jayadeva ke dvArA ukta zleSa guNa ke lakSaNa - 'jahA~ avighaTamAna artha ke ghaTaka artha kA varNana ho, vahA~ zleSa hotA hai'-ke anusAra yahA~ zleSa nAmaka guNa hai / appaya dIkSita ise bhI kAvyaliGga kA hI sthala mAnate haiM / ve kahate haiM - vastutaH hetuka kAvyaliGga hI hai, kyoMki yaha sthala kAvyaliGga vAle sthala se pramANarUpa meM hama kisI bhedaka ( donoM ko alaga alaga karane vAle ) nahIM kara sakate / yahA~ bhI padArthabhinna hai, isake tatva kA nirdeza pUrvapakSI punaH yaha jAnanA cAhatA hai ki sAbhiprAya vizeSaNarUpa padArtha yA vAkyArtha vAle parikara alaMkAra se kAvyaliMga kA kyA bheda hai ? isakA uttara dete hue appayadIkSita batAte haiM ki parikara alaMkAra meM sarvaprathama padArtha yA vAkyArtha kI pratIti hotI hai, tadanaMtara ( vAdhya rUpa ) padArtha yA vAkyArtha se vyaMgyArtha kI pratIti hotI hai, tathA yaha vyaMgyArthaM sampUrNa ( kAvya ) ukti kA upaskAraka bana kara AtA hai, arthAt yahA~ pratIyamAna ( vyaMgya ) artha vAcyArtha kA sahAyaka hotA hai / jaba ki kAvyaliMga meM padArtha - vAkyArtha rUpa vAcyArtha svayaM hI samarthanIya vAkya ke hetu banakara Ate haiM / isa prakAra prathama saraNi (parikara ) meM vahA~ bIca meM vyaMgyArtha bhI pAyA jAtA hai, dvitIya saraNi ( kAvya liMga ) meM yaha nahIM hotA / pUrva pakSI phira eka dalIla peza karatA hai ki kaI sthAnoM para vyaMgyArtha bhI vAcyArtha kA hetu bana kara AtA dekhA jAtA hai, kevalaM usakA upaskAraka nahIM / hama siddhAMta pakSI ke dvArA diye gaye kAvyaliMga ke udAharaNoM ko hI le leN| hama dekhate haiM ki 'sukhAlokocchedini' vAle padArthahetuka kAvyaliMga ke udAharaNa meM tathA 'agre'pyanatimAnU' vAle vAkyArthahetuka kAvyaliMga ke udAharaNa meM kramazaH ( vAdhyarUpa ) padArtha tathA vAkyArtha hI hetu haiM; kiMtu 'pazunApyapuraskRtena' vAle padArthahetuka kAvyaliMga tathA 'maccite'sti trilocanaH' vAle vAkyArthahetuka kAvyaliMga ke udAharaNoM meM yaha bAta nahIM pAI jaatii| yahA~ ina donoM ke dvArA vyaMjita pratIyamAna ( vyaMgya ) artha bhI hetu koTi meM praviSTa dikhAI par3atA hai| 'pazunA' isa pada se buddhihInatA (vivekarahitatA ) kI vyaMjanA hotI hai, kyoMki yaha pada usI patha meM damayantI ke lie prayukta 'viduSI' pada kA viparItArthaka zabda hai / isI taraha

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2.0 kuvalayAnandaH dAharaNe ca pratIyamAnArthasyApi hetukoTa canupravezo dRzyate / pazuti hyavivekitvAbhiprAyagarbham ; viduSItyasya pratinirdezyatvAt / trilocana iti ca kandarpadAha tRtIyalocanatvAbhiprAyagarbham / kandarpajayopayogitvAttasya / satyam ; tathApi na tayoH parikara evaM kiMtu tadutthApitaM kAvyaliGgamapi // pratIyamAnAvivekitvaviziSTena pazunApyapuraskRtatvasyAnekapadArthasya, pratIyamAkandarpadAhaka bhAva tRtIyalocana viziSTasya zivasya citte saMnidhAnasya ca vAkyArthasya vAcyasyaiva hetubhAvAt / na hi tayorvAcyayorhetubhAve tAbhyAM pratIyamAnaM madhye kiMcidvAramasti / yathA 'sarvAzuci nidhAnasya' ityAdipadArthaparikarodAharaNe sarvAzucinidhAnasyetyAdinA'nekapadArthena pratIyamAnaM zarIrasyAsaMrakSaNIyatvam / tathA ca vAkyArthaparikarodAharaNe'pi paryAyoktavidhayA tattadvAkyArthena 'trilocana' pada se bhI 'kAmadeva ko bhasma karane vAle ziva ke tIsare netra' kI vyaMjanA hotI hai, kyoMki vahI netra kAmadeva ko jItane meM upayogI ho sakatA hai| isa prakAra yahA~ tattat pratIyamAna artha bhI tattat samarthanIya artha ke samarthaka hetu bane dikhAI par3ate haiM / ( para yahA~ to donoM sthAnoM para parikara alaMkAra hai isalie kAvyaliMga ke udAharaNa rUpa meM ina donoM sthaloM kA upanyAsa ThIka nahIM jAna par3atA / ) dalIla kA uttara dete hue siddhAntapakSI kahatA hai ki tumhArA yaha kahanA ki yahA~ vyaMgyArtha pratIti vAcyopaskAraka hai tathA yahA~ parikara alaMkAra hai, ThIka hai, kiMtu ina sthaloM para kevala parikara alaMkAra hI nahIM hai, vastutaH jahA~ parikara alaMkAra svayaM gauNa banakara kAvyaliMga kI pratIti ( upasthiti ) bhI karAtA hai | ataH pramukha alaMkAra kAvyaliMga hai / kyoMki Apa kA parikara vAlA vyaMgyArtha to kevala hetu hI banA rahatA hai / TippaNI- tathA cobhayatra parikarAlaMkArasvAtkAvyaliMgodAharaNatvamanupapannamiti bhAvaH / ( alaMkAracandrikA pR0 139 ) ( vahI pR0 139 ) . vyaMgyasya hetukoTAvevAnupravezAditi bhAvaH / hama dekhate haiM ki 'pazunApyapuraskRtena tatulanAmicchatu cAmareNa kaH' isa udAharaNa vyaMgyArtharUpa avivekitva ( jJAnahInatA ) se yukta pazu ke dvArA bhI apuraskRta ( anAhata ) isa aneka padArtha meM vAcyArtha kA hetubhAva pAyA jAtA hai, isI taraha vyagyArtharUpa kAma devadAhaka tRtIyalocanaviziSTa ziva ke citta meM rahane rUpI vAkyArtha ke dvArA vAcyArtha kI hetutA svIkAra kI gaI hai| isalie padArtha vAkyArtha ke donoM vAcyArthI ke kramazaH hetu banane bIca meM koI pratIyamAna artha nahIM pAyA jaataa| bhAva yaha hai, Apake dvArA abhISTa vyaMgyArtha ina sthaloM meM svayaM hetubhUta padArtha yA vAkyArtha kA vizeSaNa bana gayA hai, tadanaMtara vyaMgyArtha viziSTa padArtha yA vAkyArtha samarthanIya vAcyArtha ke hetu banate haiM / yadi pratIyamAna artha prathama (vAya) padArtha yA vAkyArtha ke bAda pratIta hokara apane dvArA vAcyArtha pratIti karAtA arthAt svayaM padArtha vAkyArtha viziSTa hotA to yahA~ pUrvapakSI kA mata sammAnya ho sakatA thA, kiMtu hama dekhate haiM ki padArtha vAkyArtha ( hetu ) tathA vAcyArtha ( hetumAn ) ke bIca meM koI pratIyamAna artha nahIM pAyA jAtA / ataH yahA~ parikara kA sthala na hokara kAliMga kA hI kSetra hai / isa saMbaMdha meM parikarAlaMkAra ke udAharaNoM ko lekara batAyA jA rahA hai ki vahA~ vyaMgyArtha sadA padArtha yA vAkyArtha kA vizeSyarUpa hokara pratIta hotA hai, ina sthaloM kI taraha vizeSaNa rUpa banakara nahIM AtA / parikarAlaMkAra ke do udAharaNa pIche meM

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201 arthAntaranyAsAlaGkAraH MA pratIyamAnaM 'nAhaM vyAsaH' ityAdi / tasmAt 'pazunA' ityatra 'trilocanaH' ityatra ca pratIyamAnaM vAcyasyaiva padArthasya vAkyArthasya ca hetubhAvopapAdakatayA kAvyaliGgasyAGgameva / yathA- 'yattvannetra samAnakAnti salile magnaM tadindIvaram' ityanekavAkyArthahetukakAvyaliGgodAharaNe 'tvannetra samAnakAnti' ityAdikAni indI. varaza zihaMsa vizeSaNAni teSAM vAkyArthAnAM hetubhAvopapAdakAnIti / tatra vAkyArthahetukakAvyaliGge padArthahetukakAvyaliGgamaGgamiti na tayoH kAvyaliGgodAharaNatve kAcidanupapattiH // 121 // 61 arthAntaranyAsAlaGkAraH uktirarthAntaranyAsaH syAt sAmAnyavizeSayoH / diye jA cuke haiM, eka 'sarvAzucinidhAnasya' ityAdi padya hai, dUsarA 'vyAsthaM naikatayA sthitaM zrutigaNaM' ityAdi padya / yahA~ prathama udAharaNa padArthaparikara kA hai, dvitIya vAkyArthaparikara kA | 'sarvAzucinidhAnasya' meM aneka padArthoM ke dvArA 'zarIra asaMrakSaNIya hai' isa vyaMgyArtha kI pratIti ho rahI hai / isI taraha 'vyAsthaM naikatayA sthitaM zrutigaNaM' ( maiMne ekatayA sthita veda ko cAra vedoM meM vibhakta nahIM kiyA ) isa vAkyArtha ke dvArA ( tathA isI taraha patha ke anya anya vAkyArthoM ke dvArA ) 'maiM vedavyAsa nahIM hU~' Adi vyaMgya artha kI pratIti hotI hai / para 'pazunA' tathA 'trilocana' ina padoM se pratIta vyaMgyArtha to vAcyArthabhUta padArtha tathA vAkyArtha ke hetu bana jAne ke kAraNa kAvyaliMga kA hI aMga ho gayA hai / udAharaNa ke lie 'yatvanetra samAna kAnti salile magnaM tadindIvaraM' ityAdi padya meM anekavAkyArthahetuka* kAvyaliMga alaMkAra pAyA jAtA hai / yahA~ 'yatvanetra samAna kAnti' Adi pada kamala, candramA tathA haMsa ke vizeSaNa haiM tathA ye tattat vAkyArtha ke hetu banakara Aye haiM / isa prakAra tattat vAkyArthahetukakAvyaliMga ke ye padArthahetuka kAvyaliMga aMga bana gaye haiM / isI taraha 'pazunAdhyapuraskRtena' tathA 'maccitte'sti trilocanaH ' ina donoM udAharaNoM meM bhI kAvyaliMga mAnane meM koI Apatti nahIM dikhAI detI, kyoMki yahA~ bhI tattat padArthahetuka kAvyaliMga tattat anekapadArtharUpa tathA vAkyArtharUpa hetu vAle ( aMgI ) kAvyaliMga ke aMga bana gaye haiM / TippaNI- sarvAzucinidhAnasya kRtaghnasya vinAzinaH / zarIrakasyApi kRte mUDhAH pApAni kurvate // vyAsthaM naikatayA sthitaM zrutigaNaM, janmI na vAlmIkato, nAbhau nAbhavadacyutasya sumahadbhASyaM na cAbhASiSam / citrArthI na bRhatkathAmacakathaM, sutrANi nAsaM gurudeva, svadguNavRndavarNanamahaM kartuM kathaM zaknuyAm // ina donoM padyoM kI vyAkhyA ke lie dekhiye - parikara alaMkAra kA prakaraNa / pUrA padya nimna hai / isakI vyAkhyA pratIpa alaMkAra ke prakaraNa meM dekhiyeyavannetrasamAnakAMti salile magnaM tadindIvaraM, meghairantaritaH priye tava mukhacchAyAnukArI zazI / yespi khagamanAnusArigatayaste rAjahaMsA gatAstvatsAdRzyavinodamAtramapi me daivena na kSamyate // 61. arthAntaranyAsa alaMkAra 122 - 123 - jahA~ vizeSa rUpa mukhyArtha ke samarthana ke lie sAmAnya rUpa anya vAkyArthaM ~~

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202 kuvalayAnandaH ww hanumAnabdhimatarad duSkaraM kiM mahAtmanAm // 122 // guNavadvastusaMsargAdyAti svalpo'pi gauravam / puSpamAlAnuSaGgeNa sUtraM zirasi dhAryate // 123 // sAmAnyavizeSayordvayorapyuktirarthAntaranyAsastayozcaikaM prastutam, anyadaprastutaM bhavati / tatazca vizeSe prastute tena sahAprastutasAmAnyarUpasya sAmAnye prastute tena sahA prastuta vizeSarUpasya vA'rthAntarasya nyasanamarthAntaranyAsa ityuktaM bhavati / tatrAdyasya dvitIyArdhamudAharaNaM dvitIyasya dvitIyazlokaH / nanvayaM kAvyaliGgAnnAtiricyate / tathA hi- udAharaNadvaye'pyaprastutayoH sAmAnyavizeSayoruktiH prastutayorvizeSasAmAnyayoH kathamupakarotIti vivektavyam / na hi sarvathaiva prastutA kA, athavA sAmAnya rUpa mukhyArtha ke lie vizeSa rUpa anya vAkyArtha kA prayoga kiyA jAya, vahA~ arthAntaranyAsa alaMkAra hotA hai / prathama koTi ke arthAntaranyAsa kA udAharaNa hai : - hanUmAn samudra ko lA~gha gaye; bar3e logoM ke lie kauna sA kArya duSkara hai| dUsarI koTi kA udAharaNa hai :- guNavAn vastu ke saMsarga se mAmUlI vastu bhI gaurava ko prApta karatI hai; puSpamAlA ke saMsarga se dhAgA sira para dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai| yahA~ prathama udAharaNa meM ' hanUmAn samudra ko lA~gha gaye' yaha vizeSa rUpa mukhyArthaM prastuta hai, isakA samarthana 'mahAtmAoM ke lie kauna kArya kaThina hai' isa sAmAnyarUpa aprastuta se kiyA gayA hai| dUsare udAharaNa meM 'guNavAn gaurava ko prApta karatI hai' sAmAnya rUpa prastuta hai, isakA samarthana 'puSpamAlA dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai' isa vizeSa rUpa aprastuta se kiyA gayA hai / ataH yahA~ arthAntaranyAsa alaMkAra hai / sAmAnya tathA vizeSa donoM kI eka sAtha ukti arthAntaranyAsa kahalAtI hai, inameM se eka artha prastuta hotA hai, eka aprastuta / isa prakAra jahA~ vizeSa prastuta hotA hai, vahA~ usake sAtha sAmAnyarUpa aprastuta anya artha kA upanyAsa kiyA jAtA hai, tathA jahA~ sAmAnya prastuta hotA hai, vahA~ vizeSarUpa aprastuta anya artha kA upanyAsa kiyA jAtA hai| ataH eka artha ke sAtha anya artha kA nyAsa hone ke kAraNa yaha alaMkAra arthAntaranyAsa kahalAtA hai / isameM vizeSa kA sAmAnya ke dvArA samarthana prathama kArikA ke uttarArdha meM pAyA jAtA hai, tathA dUsarI koTi (vizeSa ke dvArA sAmAnya kA samarthana ) ke arthAtaranyAsa kA udAharaNa dUsarA zloka hai / isa saMbaMdha meM pUrvapakSI ko yaha zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki arthAntaranyAsa kA kAvyaliMga meM hI samAveza kiyA jAtA hai / ataH ise kAvyaliMga se bhinna alaMkAra mAnanA ThIka nhiiN| isa mata ko puSTa karate hue pUrvapakSI kucha dalIleM detA hai / arthAntaranyAsa ke uparyuta udAharaNadvaya meM prastuta vizeSa - sAmAnya kA aprastuta sAmAnya- vizeSarUpa ukti se kaise samarthana hotA hai, isakA vivecana karanA Avazyaka hogaa| kAvya meM prastuta se asaMbaddha ( ananvaya) aprastuta kA prayoga sarvathA anucita hotA hai, ataH yaha spaSTa hai ki uparyukta padyoM meM aprastuta prastuta se saMbaddha honA cAhie / prastuta ke sAtha aprastuta kA yaha sambandha kisa prakAra kA hai, ise dekhanA jarUrI hogaa| ina udAharaNoM meM aprastuta ko prastuta kA vyaMjaka nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, jaisA ki aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra meM dekhA jAtA hai / vahA~ aprastuta kA vAcyarUpa meM prayoga kara usake dvArA prastuta kI vyaMjanA karAI jAtI hai, aise sthaloM meM

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arthAntaranyAsAlaGkAraH 203 nanvayyaprastutAbhidhAnaM yujyate / na tAvadaprastutaprazaMsAyAmiva prastutavyaJjakatayA, prastutayorapi vizeSasAmAnyayoH svazabdopAttatvAta | nApyanumAnAlaMkAra iva prastutapratItijanakatayA tadvadiha vyAptipakSadharmatAdyabhAvAt / nApi dRSTAntAlaMkAra iva upamAnatayA, 'visrabdhaghAtadoSaH svavadhAya khalasya vIrakopakaraH / vanatarubhaGgadhvaniriva harinidrAtaskaraH kariNaH / / ' ityAdiSu sAmAnye vizeSasyopamAnatvadarzane'pi vizeSe sAmAnyasya kacidapi tadadarzanAt , upamAnatayA tadanvaye sAmaJjasyApratItezca / tasmAt prastutasamarthakatayaivAprastutasyopayoga ihApi vktvyH| tatazca vAkyArthahetukaM kAvyaliGgameprastuta svazabdavAcya nahIM hotaa| jaba ki ina sthaloM meM prastuta rUpa vizeSa-sAmAnya kA bhI aprastuta rUpa sAmAnya vizeSa ke sAtha sAtha svazabdopAttatva (vAcyatva)pAyA jAtA hai| ataH vaha vyaMgya nahIM raha kara, vAcya ho gayA hai| isalie ina sthaloM meM aprastuta prazaMsA alaMkAra nahIM ho sktaa| sAtha hI yahA~ aprastuta kA prayoga prastuta kI anumiti (pratIti) karAne ke lie bhI nahIM kiyA gayA hai, jaisA ki anumAna alaMkAra meM hotA hai| jisa prakAra kisI pratyakSa hetu ko dekhakara parokSa sAdhya kI anumiti hotI hai, jaise dhue~ ko dekhakara parvata meM agni kI pratIti, ThIka vaise hI kAvya meM bhI aprastuta rUpa hetu ke dvArA prastutarUpa sAdhya kI anumiti hotI hai| kitu kAvyAnumiti ( anumAna alaMkAra) meM bhI anumAnapramANa kI saraNi ke upAdAnoM kA honA atyAvazyaka hai| jisa prakAra dhue~ ko dekha kara agni kA bhAna tabhI ho sakatA hai, jaba anumAtA ko parAmarza jJAna ho, tathA dhue~ aura agni kA vyAptisaMdha (yatra-yatra dhUmastatra tatra vahniH) tathA pakSadharmatA (vahnivyApyadhUmavAnayaM parvataH) Adi kA jJAna ho, ThIka isI taraha anumAna alaMkAra meM bhI vyApti tathA pakSadharmatAdi kA honA jarUrI hai / aprastuta meM inakI sattA hone para hI use prastuta kA hetu tathA prastuta ko usakA sAdhya mAnA jA sakatA hai| yahA~ yaha bAta nahIM pAI jaatii| sAtha hI aise sthaloM meM dRSTAnta alaMkAra bhI nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| udAharaNa ke lie hama nimna padya le leM___ 'vIra manuSyoM ko kupita kara dene vAlA, duSTa vyakti ke dvArA kiyA gayA vizvAsaghAta rUpI doSa svayaM usI kA nAza karane meM samartha hotA hai| jaise,zera ko nIMda se jagAne vAlI (zera kI nIMda ko curAne vAlI), hAthI ke dvArA tor3e gaye vanapAdapa kI AvAja khuda hAthI kA hI nAza karatI hai|' __ yahA~ prathamArca meM sAmAnya ukti hai, dvitIyArdha meM vizeSa ukti / yahA~ sAmAnya (prastuta) vizeSa (aprastuta ) kA upamAna hai, kintu aprastuta svayaM prastuta kA upamAna hotA ho, aisA sthala dekhane meM nahIM AtA-yadi aisA sthala ho to yahA~ dRSTAnta alaGkAra mAnA jA sakatA hai| hama dekhate haiM ki dRSTAnta meM prastuta tathA aprastuta meM bimbapratibimbabhAva pAyA jAtA hai, vahA~ donoM artha vizeSa hote haiM tathA aprastuta prastuta kA upamAna hotA hai kyoMki vizeSa kahIM sAmAnya kA upamAna bane aisA kahIM nahIM dekhA jAtA, sAtha hI ukta sthaloM meM ivAdi ke abhAva ke kAraNa upamAna ke rUpa meM usake anvaya kI pratIti nahIM ho paatii| isalie yahA~ bhI aprastuta kA prayoga prastuta ke samarthana ke lie mAnA jAnA caahie| aisA mAnane para yahA~ bhI vAkyArthahetuka kAvyaliGga alakAra hogA, anya dUsare alaGkAra ke mAnane kI jarUrata nahIM hai|

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204 kuvalayAnandaH vAtrApi syAnnatvalaGkArAntarasyAvakAza iti cet atra kecit - samarthanasApekSasyArthasya samarthane kAvyaliGgaM nirapekSasyApi pratItivaibhavAtsamarthane'rthAntaranyAsaH / na hi 'yattvannetra samAnakAnti' ityAdikAvyaliGgodAhara NeSviva -- 'athopagUDhe zaradA zazAGke prAvRDyayau zAntataDitkaTAkSA | kAsAM na saubhAgyaguNo'GganAnAM naSTaH paribhraSTapayodharANAm // ' 'divAkarAdrakSati yo guhAsu lInaM divA bhItamivAndhakAram | kSudre'pi nUnaM zaraNaM prapanne mamatvamuccaiH zirasAmatIva || ' ( kumAra0 1|12 ) ityAdyarthAntaranyAsodAharaNeSu prastutasya samarthanApekSatvamastIti / vastutastu prAyovAdo'yam / arthAntaranyAse'pi hi vizeSasya sAmAnyena samarthanAnapekSa isa pUrvapakSa kA kucha loga isa prakAra uttara dekara siddhAnta kI sthApanA karate haiM / jahA~ kisI prastuta ke samarthana karane kI apekSA ho, tathA kisI vAkya ke dvArA usakA samarthana kiyA jAya, vahA~ aprastuta vAkya prastuta vAkya kA samarthaka hotA hai tathA sApekSasamarthana hone ke kAraNa vahA~ vAkyArthahetuka kAvyaliMga hotA hai| jahA~ nirapekSa prastuta kA aprastuta ukti ke dvArA isalie samarthana kiyA jAya ki kavi artha-pratIti ko aura adhika dRr3ha karanA cAhe, ( vahA~ kAvyaliGga to ho nahIM sakatA, kyoMki kAvyaliGga meM sadA sApekSasamarthana hogA ) vahA~ arthAntaranyAsa alaMkAra hotA hai / 'yatvannetrasamAnakAnti' Adi udAharaNa meM samarthanApekSA pAI jAtI hai, kintu arthAntaranyAsa ke nimna udAharaNoM meM prastuta meM samarthanApekSA nahIM pAI jAtI / 'jaba zarat (nAyikA) ne candramA (nAyaka) kA AliGgana kiyA to varSA ( jaratI nAyikA), jisake bijalI ke kaTAkSa aba zAnta ho cuke the, lauTa gii| gire hue stana vAlI (lupta meghoM vAlI ) kina aGganAoM kA saubhAgya naSTa nahIM ho jAtA ?" yahA~ prathama vAkya vizeSarUpa prastuta hai, jisakA samarthana sAmAnyarUpa aprastuta ukti ke dvArA kiyA gayA hai / isa padya meM prathamArdha kI ukti svataH pUrNa hai, usake samarthana kI apekSA nahIM, kintu kavi ne svataH pUrNa (nirapekSa samarthana ) ukti kI puSTi (pratItivaibhava ) ke lie punaH uttarArdha kI ukti upanyasta kI hai / 'jo himAlaya mAnoM sUrya se Dara kara guphAoM meM chipe andhakAra kI rakSA karatA hai / jaba bar3e logoM kI zaraNa meM choTA vyakti bhI jAtA hai, to ve usake sAtha atyadhika mamatA dikhAte haiM / ' yahA~ bhI vizeSarUpa prastuta ukti (pUrvArdha) kA samarthana sAmAnya aprastuta ukti ( uttarArdha) ke dvArA kiyA gayA hai| apayadIkSita ko yaha mata pasanda nahIM hai ve isa mata ko pracalita hote hue bhI duSTa mAnate haiN| kyoMki kaI aise sthala dekhe jAte haiM, jahA~ arthAntaranyAsa meM bhI sApekSasamarthana pAyA jAtA hai / ve kahate haiM ki yadyapi arthAntaranyAsa meM vizeSarUpa prastuta ke lie sAmAnyarUpa aprastuta ukti ke samarthana kI apekSA nahIM hotI, tathApi jahA~ kavi sAmAnyarUpa prastuta kA prayoga kiyA ho, vahA~ usake samarthana ke lie vizeSarUpa aprastuta ukti kI apekSA hotI hI hai| kyoMki yaha nyAya hai ki kisI bhI sAmAnya kA varNana nirvizeSa' (vizeSarahita ) rUpa meM nahIM kiyA jAnA caahie| aise kaI sthala haiM,

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arthAntaranyAsAlaGkAraH 205 tve'pi sAmAnyaM vizeSeNa samarthanamapekSata eva 'nirvizeSaM na sAmAnyam' iti nyAyena 'bahUnAmapyasArANAM saMyogaH kAryasAdhakaH' ityAdisAmAnyasya 'tRNairArabhyate rajjustayA nAgo'pi badhyate' ityAdi sampratipannavizeSAvataraNaM vinA buddhau pratiSThitatvAsambhavAt / / na ca tatra sAmAnyasya 'kAsAM na saubhAgyaguNo'GganAnAm' ityAdivizeSasamarthanArthasAmAnyasyeva lokasampratipannatayA vizeSAvataraNaM vinaiva baddhau pratiSTi tatvaM sambhavatIti zloke tanyasanaM nApekSitamastIti vAcyam ; sAmAnyasya sarvatra lokasampratipannatvaniyamAbhAvAt / na hi 'yo yo dhUmavAn sa so'gnimAn' iti vyAptirUpasAmAnyasya lokasampratipannatayA 'yathA mahAna saH' iti tadvizeSarUpadRSTAntAnupAdAnasambhavamAtreNAprasiddhavyAptirUpasAmAnyopanyAse'pitadvizeSarUpadRSTAntopanyAsanairapekSyaM sambhavati / na caivaM sAmAnyena vizeSasamarthanasthale'pi kacittasya sAmAnyasya lokaprasiddhatvAbhAvena tasya buddhAvArohAya punarvizeSAnta. jahA~ sAmAnya kI pratIti zrotRbuddhi meM tabhI ho pAtI hai, jaba kisI sambaddha vizeSa ukti . kA prayoga na kiyA gayA ho| udAharaNa ke lie 'anekoM nirbala byaktiyoM kA saMgaThana bhI kArya meM saphala hotA hai' isa sAmAnya ukti kI pratIti buddhi meM taba taka pratiSThita nahIM ho pAtI, jaba taka ki 'rassI tinakoM ke samUha se banAI jAtI hai, para usase hAthI bhI bA~dha liyA jAtA hai' isa sambaddha vizeSa ukti kA vinyAsa nahIM kiyA jaataa| ___ appayadIkSita punaH pUrvapakSI kI dalIleM dekara usakA khaNDana karate haiN| 'kAsAM na saubhAgyaguNo'ganAnAM' isa ukti meM sAmAnya ke dvArA vizeSa kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki sAmAnya lokaprasiddha hotA hai, isI taraha jahA~ samarthanIyavAkya sAmAnyarUpa ho, vahA~ vaha vizeSa ukti ke upanyAsa ke binA bhI buddhi meM pratIta ho jAyagA, isalie sAmAnya ukti ke lie vizeSa ukti ke dvArA samarthana sarvathA apekSita nahIM hai-yaha pUrvapakSI kI dalIla ThIka nahIM jAna pdd'tii| kyoMki sAmAnya sadA hI lokaprasiddha hI ho aisA koI niyama nahIM hai| nyAya kI anumAnapraNAlI meM hama dekhate haiM ki jahA~ dhue~ ko dekhakara parvata meM agni kA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai, vahA~ 'jahA~ jahA~ dhuoM hai (jo jo dhUmavAn hai), vahA~ vahA~ Aga hotI hai (vaha vaha agnimAn hotA hai) yaha vyAptirUpa sAmAnya lokaprasiddha hai, kiMtu isake lie bhI vizeSa rUpa dRSTAnta 'jaise rasoIghara' (yathA mahAnasaH) isakI apekSA hotI hI hai / isa vizeSa rUpa dRSTAnta ke prayoga ke binA usakI pratIti nahIM ho paatii| sAmAnya ukti ko ThIka usI taraha nirapekSa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, jaise kisI aprasiddha vyAptirUpa sAmAnya ke upAdAna ke lie (anumiti ke lie) usake dRSTAnta rUpa vizeSa kA upanyAsa apekSita hotA hai| jaise vyAptisaMbaMdha ko puSTa karane ke lie dRSTAnta rUpa sapakSa ( yA vyatireka vyApti meM dRSTAnta rUpa vipakSa) kI nirapekSA nahIM hotI, vaise hI arthAntaranyAsa meM bhI sAmAnya ukti ke lie vizeSa ukti apekSita hotI hai, usameM nairapekSya ( apekSArahitatA) saMbhava nhiiN| (pUrvapakSI ko phira eka zaMkA hotI hai, usakA saMketa kara khaNDana kiyA jAtA hai|) yadi aisA hai, to phira jina sthaloM meM kavi ne vizeSa ukti ke samarthana ke lie sAmAnya ukti kA prayoga kiyA hai, vahA~ bhI punaH sAmAnya ke samarthana ke lie anya vizeSa ukti kA upanyAsa apekSita hogA, kyoMki kaI sthaloM para sAmAnya loka prasiddha na hone ke kAraNa zrotRbuddhistha nahIM

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206 kuvalayAnandaH rasya nyAsaprasaGga iti vAcyam ; iSTApatteH / atraiva viSaye vikasvarAlaGkArasyAnupadameva darzayiSyamANatvAt / kiMca kAvyaliGge'pi na sarvatra samarthanasApekSatva niyamaH / 'cikuraprakarA jayanti te' ityatra tadabhAvAdupamAnavastuSu varNanIyasAmyAbhAvena nindAyAH kavikulakSuNNatvenAtra samarthanApekSAvirahAt / na hi 'tadAsya. dAsye'pi gato'dhikAritAM na zAradaH pArvaNazarvarIzvaraH' ityAdiSu samarthanaM dRzyate / / 'na viSeNa na zastreNa nAgninA na ca mRtyunA / apratIkArapAruSyAH strIbhireva striyaH kRtAH / / ' __ ityAdikAvyaliGgaviSayeSu samarthanApekSAvirahe'pyapratIkArapAruSyA ityAdinA ho paataa| pUrvapakSI kI yaha dalIla ThIka nahIM, kyoMki aisA karane para iSTApatti hogI tathA arthAntaranyAsa alaMkAra kA viSaya hI na rhegaa| isa sthala para vikasvara alaMkAra hogA, jisakA varNana hama isake ThIka Age kreNge| sAtha hI pUrvapakSI kA yaha kahanA ki kAvyaliMga meM sadA samarthana-sApekSatva pAyA jAtA hai, ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA koI niyama nahIM hai| kaI aise sthala bhI haiM, jahA~ kAvyaliMga meM bhI samarthana kI apekSA nahIM pAI jAtI / udAharaNa ke lie 'cikuraprakarA jayanti te' isa ukti meM samarthanApekSatva nahIM hai, kyoMki kahA~ upamAnavastu (camarIpucchabhAra) meM varNanIya upameya (damayantIcikurabhAra) ke sAmya kA abhAva hone ke kAraNa unakI niMdA vyakta hotI hai, tathA yaha upamAna kavikula prasiddha hone ke kAraNa yahA~ isake samarthana kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| ThIka isI taraha 'tadAsyadAsyepi gato'dhikAritAM na zAradaH pArvaNazarvarIzvaraH' (zarad Rtu kI pUrNimA kA candramA usa rAjA nala de. mukha kI dAsatA karane ke bhI yogya nahIM hai) isa ukti meM bhI koI samarthana nahIM dikhAI detaa| TippaNI-pUrA padya nimna hai, isakI vyAkhyA kAvyaliMga alaMkAra ke prakaraNa meM dekheN| cikuraprakarA jayanti te viduSI mUrdhani sA bibharti yAn / pazunApyapuraskRtena tattulanAmicchatu cAmareNa kaH // (naiSadha, dvitIyasarga) pUrA padya yoM haiM : adhAri pacheSu tadaMghriNA ghRNA va tacchayacchAyalavo'pi pllve| tadAsyadAsye'pi gato'dhikAritAM na zAradaH pArvaNazarvarIzvaraH // (naiSadha, prathamasarga ) itanA hI nahIM, kAyaliMga meM aise bhI sthala dekhe jAte haiM, jahA~ samarthana kI AvazyakatA na hote hue bhI kavi samarthana kara detA hai| jaise nimna kAvyaliMga ke udAharaNa meM samarthanApekSA nahIM hai, phira bhI 'apratIkArapArupyAH' isa pada ke dvArA samarthana kara diyA gayA hai| ____ 'brahmA ne striyoM ko na to viSa se banAyA hai, na zastra se hI, na agni se nirmita kiyA hai, na mRtyu se hI, kyoMki inakI kaThoratA kA koI ilAja ho bhI sakatA hai| para striyoM kI paruSatA kA koI ilAja nahIM ho sakatA, isalie brahmA ne striyoM kI racanA striyoM se hI kI hai / (striyA~ viSa, zastra, agni tathA mRtyu se bhI adhika kaThora tathA bhayaMkara haiN|) yahA~ striyA~ viSAdi ke dvArA nirmita nahIM huI haiM, isa ukti ke samarthana kI koI apekSA nahIM jAna par3atI, kyoMki yaha to svataH prasiddha vastu hai| isa vivecana se yaha spaSTa hai ki pUrvapakSI ke dvArA kiyA gayA yaha vibhAjana ki jahA~ samarthana-sApekSatva ho vahA~ kAvyaliMga hotA hai, tathA jahA~ nirapekSasamarthana ho vahA~ arthAMtara

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arthAntaranyAsAlaGkAraH 207 samarthanadarzanAca / na hi tatra strINAM viSAdinirmitatvAbhAvapratipAdanaM samarthanasApekSaM prasiddhatvAt / tasmAdubhayato vyabhicArAt samarthanApekSasamarthane kAvyaliGga, tannirapekSasamarthane'rthAntaranyAsa iti na vibhAgaH, kintu sAmarthyasamarthakayoH sAmAnyavizeSasambandhe'rthAntaranyAsaH / taditarasambandhe kAvyaliGgamityeva vyavasthA'vadhAraNIyA / prapazcazcitramImAMsAyAM draSTavyaH / evamaprakRtena prakRtasamarthanamudAhRtam / prakRtenAprakRtasamarthanaM yathA (kumAra0 5/36 ) yadacyate pArvati ! pApavRttaye na rUpamityavyabhicAri tdvcH| tathA hi te zIlamudAradarzane ! tapasvinAmapyupadezatAM gatam / / yathA vA dAnaM dadatyapi jalaiH sahasAdhirUDhe ko vidyamAnagatirAsitumutsaheta ? / nyAsa hotA hai, ThIka nahIM, kyoMki isa pUrvapakSakRta niyama kA vyabhicAra upara batAyA jA cukA hai / (kaI kAyaliMga ke sthaloM meM bhI samarthanApekSatva nahIM hotA tathA nirapekSa samarthana pAyA jAtA hai, aura kaI arthAntaranyAsa ke sthaloM meM bhI samarthanApekSatva abhISTa hai)| isalie kAvyaliMga tathA arthAntaranyAsa ke bheda kA AdhAra yaha hai ki jahA~ samarthanIya vAkya tathA samarthaka vAkya meM paraspara sAmAnyavizeSa saMbaMdha ho, vahA~ arthAntaranyAsa hotA hai| isase bhinna prakAra ke saMbaMdha hone para kAyaliMga alaMkAra kA viSaya hotA hai| isa. viSaya kA vizada vivecana citramImAMsA meM dekhA jAnA caahie| ___ arthAntaranyAsa meM do vAkya hote haiM-eka sAmarthya vAkya dUsarA samarthaka vAkya / isameM prathama vAkya yA to vizeSa hotA hai yA sAmAnya; isI taraha dUsarA vAkya bhI usase saMbaddha yA to sAmAnya hotA hai yA vizeSa / yaha sAmarthya vAkya bhI yA to prakRta.(varNanIya) hotA hai yA aprakRta / Upara ke kArikArdhadvaya meM aprakRta sAmAnya-vizeSa ke dvArA kramazaH prakRta vizeSa-sAmAnya kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai| aba yahA~ prakRta rUpa samarthaka vAkya ke dvArA aprakRta rUpa sAmarthyavAkya ke samarthana ke udAharaNa diye jA rahe haiM, jaise___ kumArasambhava ke paMcamasarga meM brahmacArI ke veSa meM Aye ziva pArvatI se kaha rahe haiM:'he pArvati, sauMdarya duSTAcaraNa ke lie nahIM hotA' (rUpavAn vyakti duSTAcaraNa nahIM karate) yaha ukti sarvathA satya hai / he udAradarzana vAlI pArvati, tumhArA caritra itanaH pavitra hai ki vaha tapasviyoM ke lie bhI Adarza ho gayA hai|' yahA~ prathama ukti sAmarthyavAkya hai, jisameM sAmAnya rUpa aprakRta kA vinyAsa huA hai| isake samarthana ke lie dUsare (samarthaka) vAkya meM kavi ne vizeSa rUpa (pArvatIsaMbaddha) prakRta kA upAdAna kiyA hai| prakRta ke dvArA aprakRta ke samarthana kA anya udAharaNa nimna hai| mAgha ke zizupAlavadha ke paMcama sarga meM raivataka parvata para DAle gaye senA ke par3Ava kA varNana hai / koI hAthI nadI meM majjana kara rahA hai / jaba vaha pAnI meM ghusatA hai, to usake kapola para madapAna karate bhauMre ur3akara dUra bhaga jAte haiN| isI vastu kA varNana karate hue kavi kaha rahA hai :

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208 kuvalayAnandaH yaddantinaH kaTakaTAtaTAnmimaGko rmakSUpAti paritaH paTalairalInAm / / 122-123 / / 62 vikasvarAlaGkAraH yasminvizeSasAmAnyavizeSAH sa vikasvaraH / sa na jigye mahAnto hi durdharSAH sAgarA iva // 124 // yatra kasyacidvizeSasya samarthanArthaM sAmAnyaM vinyasya tatprasiddhAvapyaparituSyatA kavinA tatsamarthanAya punarvizeSAntaramupamAnarItyArthAntaranyAsa vidhayA vA vinyasyate tatra vikasvarAlaGkAraH / uttarArdhaM yathAkathaJcidudAharaNam / idaM tu vyaktamudAharaNam ( kumAra0 113 ) -- anantaratnaprabhavasya yasya himaM na saubhAgyavilopi jAtam | w ' batAiye to sahI, aisA kauna buddhimAn hogA jo dAna ko dene vAle ( madajala se yukta) vyakti ke mUkhauM - jar3oM (jala) se yukta hone para bhI usakA Azraya na chor3e ( usake sAtha hI rahanA pasaMda kare ) ? kyoMki nadI ke pAnI meM DubakI lagAne kI icchA vAle hAthI gaNDasthala rUpI kaTAha se bhauMroM kA jhuNDa eka dama ur3a gayA / ' yahA~ bhI sAmarthya vAkya meM sAmAnya aprakRta rUpa ukti pAI jAtI hai, usakA samarthana samarthaka vAkya kI vizeSa prakRtarUpa ukti ke dvArA kiyA gayA hai / 62. vikasvara alaGkAra puSTi sAmAnya se kI jAya aura usakI dRr3hatA ke lie vizeSa kA upAdAna ho, vahA~ vikasvara alaGkAra hotA hai / sakA; mahAn vyakti duSpradharSa ( ajeya ) hote haiM, jaise 124 - jahA~ vizeSa kI tIsare vAkya meM phira se kisI jaise, usa rAjA ko koI na jIta samudra ajeya hai / yahA~ 'vaha rAjA ajeya hai' yaha vizeSa ukti hai, isakI puSTi 'mahAn vyakti ajeya hote haiM' isa sAmAnya ukti ke dvArA kI gaI hai| ise punaH puSTa karane ke lie 'jaise samudra ajeya hai' isa vizeSa kA punaH upAdAna kiyA gayA hai, ataH yahA~ vikasvara alaGkAra hai / jisa kAvya meM kisI vizeSa ukti ke samarthana ke lie kavi sAmAnya ukti kA prayoga karatA hai, tathA usa samarthana ke siddha ho jAne para bhI pUrNataH santuSTa nahIM ho pAtA aura usa vizeSa ukti kA samarthana karane ke lie phira bhI kisI anya vizeSa ukti kA prayoga upamAna rUpa meM yA arthAntaranyAsa ke rUpa meM karatA hai, vahA~ vikasvara alaGkAra hotA hai / ( vadi prathama praNAlI kA Azraya liyA jAyagA to vikasvara meM prathamArdha meM arthAntaranyAsa hogA, uttarArdha meM upamA, jaise 'sa na jigye sAgarA iva' vAle udAharaNa meN| yadi dvitIya praNAlI kA Azraya liyA jAyagA to vikasvara meM donoM jagaha arthAntaranyAsa hogA, eka meM vizeSa kA sAmAnya ke dvArA samarthana, dUsare meM sAmAnya kA vizeSa ke dvArA samarthana, jaise udAhriyamAga 'mAlinya vipralambha' vAle padya meM / ) kArikA ke uttarArdha meM diyA gayA udAharaNa jaise taise visvara kA udAharaNa haiM / isakA spaSTa udAharaNa nimna hai | kumArasambhava ke prathama sarga se himAlaya kA varNana haiN| himAlaya meM aneka ratna kI

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vikasvarAlaGkAraH 206 eko hi doSo guNasannipAte nimajjatIndoH kiraNeSvivAGkaH / / idamupamAnarItyA vizeSAntarasya nyasane udAharaNam / arthAntaranyAsavidhayA yathAkarNAruntudamantareNa raNitaM gAhasva kAka ! svayaM mAkandaM makarandazAlinamiha tvAM manmahe kokilam / dhanyAni sthalavaibhavena katicidvastUni kastUrikAM nepAlakSitipAlabhAlapatite pake ne zaGketa kaH ? // yathA vAmAlinyamabjazazinormadhuliTkalako __ dhatto mukhe tu tava dRktilakAanAbhAm / doSAvitaH kacana melanato guNatvaM / vaktaguNau hi vacasi bhramavipralambhau // 124 // utpattibhUmi hone ke kAraNa, usameM barpha kA honA bhI usake saubhAgya kA hAsa na kara pAyA / anekoM guNoM ke hone para eka doSa unake samUha meM vase hI chipa jAtA hai, jaise candramA kI kiraNoM meM kalaGka / yahA~ 'barpha anekoM ratnoM kI khAna himAlaya kA kucha bhI nahIM bigAr3a pAyA' yaha vizeSa ukti hai| isakA samarthana 'anekoM guNoM ke samUha meM eka doSa chipa jAtA hai' isa sAmAnya ukti ke dvArA kiyA gayA hai| isakA samarthana punaH upamAnavAkya 'jaise candramA kI kiraNoM meM kalaGka" isa vizeSa ukti ke dvArA kiyA jA rahA hai| ataH yahA~ vikasvara alaGkAra hai| ___ yaha udAharaNa anyavizeSa ke upamAna praNAlI ke kiye gaye prayoga kA hai| arthAntara. nyAsa vAlI praNAlI ke nimna do udAharaNa haiM: koI kavi kaue ko sambodhita karake kaha rahA hai| he kaue, kAnoM ke karkaza lagane vAle svara ko chor3akara tuma parAga se surabhita Ama ke per3a kA sevana karo, loga tumheM vahA~ koyala samajhane lgeNge| kisI vizeSa sthAna kI mahimA ke kAraNa kaI vastue~ dhanya ho jAtI haiN| nepAla ke rAjA ke lalATa para lage hue kIcar3a (paGka) ko kauna vyakti kastUrikA na samajhegA ? yahA~ 'kaue kA Ama ke per3a para jAkara koyala samajhA jAnA' yaha vizeSa ukti hai| isakA samarthana 'sthAnamahimA se vastue~ bhI mahimAzAlI ho jAtI haiN| isa sAmAnya ke dvArA huA hai| isameM arthAntaranyAsa hai / sAmAnya kA punaH arthAntaranyAsavidhi se 'nepAlarAja ke bhAla para paGka bhI kastUrikA samajhA jAtA hai' isa vizeSa ke dvArA samarthana kiyA gayA hai / ataH yahA~ vikasvara alaGkAra hai / athavA jaise he sundarI, kamala tathA candramA meM bhauMrA tathA kalaGka malinatA ko dhAraNa karate haiM, aura tumhAre mukha meM netra tathA tilakAana unakI zobhA ko dhAraNa karate haiN| kabhI-kabhI do doSa milakara guNa bhI bana jAte haiN| vaktA kI vAkzakti meM bhrama tathA vipralambha kabhI kabhI guNa mAne jAte haiN| (bhAva yaha hai vaktA kabhI-kabhI pUrvapakSI ko parAsta karane ke liye bhrama tathA vipralambha kA prayoga karatA hai, jaise koI naiyAyika chala se ghaTavat sthAna 14 kuva0

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210 kuvalayAnandaH 63 prauDhoktyalaGkAraH prauDhoktirutkarSAhetau tadvetRtvaprakalpanam / kacAH klindjaatiirtmaalstommeckaaH|| 125 // meM pahale ghaTAbhAva kA nirNaya kara tadanantara 'ghaTa hai' isa pramA kI siddhi karatA hai, isa prakAra vahA~ bhrama tathA pratAraNA (vipralambha) guNa bana jAte haiN|) isameM prathama vAkya meM nAyikA ke mukha kI zobhA kAle netra tathA tilakAJjana ke kAraNa bar3ha hI rahI hai, yaha vizeSa ukti hai| isake samarthana ke liye 'kabhI do doSa milakara guNa bana jAte haiM isa sAmAnya kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| isa sAmAnya ke samarthana ke lie punaH arthAntaranyAsasaraNi se 'vaktA ke vacana meM bhrama tathA vipralambha kabhI kabhI guNa ho jAte haiN| isa vizeSa kA upAdAna huA hai / ataH yahA~ bhI vikasvara alaGkAra hai| TippaNI-paNDitarAja jagannAtha vikasvara alaGkAra ko alaga se alaGkAra mAnane ke pakSa meM nahIM haiN| unake mata meM vikasvara meM kinhIM do alakAroM kI-arthAntaranyAsa tathA upamA kI athavA do arthAntaranyAsoM kI saMsRSTi hotI hai / saMsRSTi ko alaga se alaGkAra kA nAma denA ucita nahIM jAna pdd'taa| kaI sthAnoM para upamAdi aneka alaMkAroM meM paraspara anugrAhya-anugrAhaka-bhAva pAyA jAtA hai, phira to vahA~ bhI navIna alaMkAra kA nAmakaraNa karanA pdd'egaa| udAharaNa ke lie 'vIkSya rAmaM ghanazyAmaM nanRtuH zikhino vane' meM upamA se puSTa bhrAnti alaMkAra ko koI nayA nAma denA hogaa| ___ kuvalayAnandakArastu-'yasmin vizeSasAmAnyavizeSAH sa vikasvaraH' 'anantaratnaprabha vasya' ityAdi / 'karNAsantunda'kaH' / 'pUrvamupamArItyA iha tvarthAntaranyAsarItyA vika. svarAlaGkAraH' ityAha / tadapi tuccham / ...."evaM cArthAntaranyAsasya tasya cArthAntara. nyAsaprabhedayozca saMsRSTayaivodAharaNAnAM svaduktAnAM gatArthasve navInAlaMkArasvIkArAnauci. syAt / anyathopamAdiprabhedAnAmanugrAdyAnugrAhakatayA saMnivezite'pyalaGkArAntarakalpanA. patteH / 'vIcaya rAmaM ghanazyAmaM nanRtuH zikhino vane' ityatrApyupamApoSitAyAM bhrAntAvalaGkA. rAntaraprasaGgAcca / ( rasagaGgAdhara pR0 639.40) 63. prauDhokti alaGkAra 125-jahA~ kisI kArya ke atizaya ko na karane vAle padArtha ko usakA kAraNa mAna liyA jAya, vahA~ prauDhokti alaGkAra hotA hai, jaise usa nAyikA ke bAla kAlindI (yamunA) ke tIra para utpanna tamAla vRkSoM ke samUha ke sadRza nIle haiN| TippaNI-prauDhokti alaMkAra ko mammaTa tathA ruyyaka ne nahIM mAnA hai| candrAlokakAra nayadeva ne ise atizayokti ke bAda varNita kiyA hai| unake mata se kisI kArya ke ayogya padArtha ko usa kArya ke yogya varNita karanA prauDhokti hai : prauDhoktistadazaktasya tacchaktatvAvakalpanam / kalindajAtIraruhAH zyAmalAH srldrmaaH|| (candrAloka 5.47) paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne avazya prauDhokti ko pRthaka alaMkAra mAnA hai :-'kasmiMzcidartha kizciddharmakRtAtizayapratipipAdayiSayA prasiddhataddharmavatA saMsargasyodbhAvanaM proDhoktiH / ( rasagaGgAdhara pR0 671 ) isa alaMkAra kA udAharaNa ve yaha padya dete haiM : manyAcalabhramaNavegavazaMvadA ye dugdhAmbudherudapatannaNavaH sudhAyAH / terekatAmupagatairvividhauSadhIbhirdhAtA sasarja tava deva dayAhagantAn //

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sambhAvanAlaGkAraH 211 kAryAtizayAhetau taddhetutvaprakalpanaM prauddhoktiH| yathA tamAlagatanailyAtizayA. hetau yamunAtaTarohaNe taddhetutvaprakalpanam / yathA vA kalpatarukAmadogdhrIcintAmaNidhanadazaGkhAnAm / racito rajobharapayastejaHzvAsAntarAmbaraireSaH / atra kalpavRkSAyekaikavitaraNAtizAyivarNanIyarAjavitaraNAtizayAhetau kalpavRkSaparAgAdirUpapaJcabhUtanirmitatvena taddhetutvaprakalpanaM prauDhoktiH / / 125 // 64 sambhAvanAlaGkAraH sambhAvanA yadItthaM syAdityUho'nyasya siddhaye / yadi zeSo bhavedvaktA kathitAH syurguNAstava // 126 / / yahA~ samudramanthana ke samaya dugdhasamudra sa uThe amRta ke aNuoM ko nAnA prakAra kI auSadhiyoM se jor3akara brahmA ne bhagavAn kI dayAdRSTi kI sRSTi kI hai, isa ukti meM prauDhokti alaMkAra pAyA jAtA hai| jahA~ kisI kAryAtizaya ke ahetubhUta padArtha meM usakI hetutA kalpita kI jAya vahA~ prauDhokti hotI hai| jaise Upara ke udAharaNa meM tamAloM kI nIlatA kA kAraNa kalindajA tIra para honA nahIM hai, kintu kaci ne usa nIlatA kA kAraNa kalindajA ke tIra para uganA kalpita kiyA hai, ataH yahA~ prauDhokti hai| athavA jaisekisI rAjA kI dAnazIlatA kA varNana hai| yaha rAjA kalpavRkSa, kAmadhenu, cintAmaNi, kubera tathA zaMkha ke kramazaH parAgasamUha, dugdha, tela, zvAsa tathA Abhyantara AkAza ke dvArA banAyA gayA hai yahA~ kavi isa bAta kI vyaJjanA karAnA cAhatA hai ki rAjA kalpavRkSa Adi eka eka dAnazIla padArtha se bhI adhika dAnazIla hai, isa dAnazIlatA ke atizaya ke kAraNa rUpa meM; kavi ne kalpavRkSaparAga Adi pA~ca padArthoM ko milAkara rAjA kI racanA kI hai, yaha kaha kara una pA~coM padArthoM ke saMmizraNa meM usa dAnazIlatAtizaya kA hetu kalpita kiyA hai| ataH yahA~ prauDhokti alaGkAra hai| 64. sambhAvanA alaGkAra 526-jahA~ kisI kArya kI siddhi ke lie 'yadi aisA ho to yaha ho sakatA hai| isa prakAra kI kalpanA kI jAya, vahA~ sambhAvanA alaGkAra hotA hai / jaise, yadi svayaM zeSa guNoM ke vaktA bane to Apake guNa kahe jA sakate haiN| TippaNI-mammaTa, ruyyaka tathA paNDitarAja ne sambhAvanA alaMkAra nahIM mAnA hai| ve isakA samAveza atizayokti ke tRtIya bheda meM karate haiN| - yahA~ 'yadi zeSa vaktA bane, to guNa kahe jA sakate haiN| isa aMza meM sambhAvanA hai|

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212 kuvalayAnandaH yathA vA kastUrikAmRgANAmaNDAdgandhaguNamakhilamAdAya / yadi punarahaM vidhiH syAM khalajihvAyAM nivezayiSyAmi // 'yadyarthoktau ca kalpanam' atizayoktibheda iti (10100) kAvyaprakAzakAraH // 126 // 65 mithyAbhyavasityalaGkAraH kiMcinmithyAtvasiddhayartha mithyArthAntarakalpanam / mithyAdhyavasitirvezyAM vazayetkhasrajaM vahan // 127 // atra vezyAvazIkaraNasyAtyantAsambhAvitatvasiddhaye gaganakusumamAlikAdhA. raNarUpArthAntarakalpanaM mithyaadhyvsitiH| asya kSoNipateH parArdhaparayA lakSIkRtAH saMkhyayA. ___ prajJAcakSuravekSyamANabadhirAvyAH kilAkIrtayaH / gIyante svaramaSTamaM kalayatA jAtena vandhyodarA ___nmUkAnAM prakaraNa kUrmaramaNIdugdhodadhe rodhasi / / athavA jaiseyadi maiM brahmA ho jAU~, to kastUrImRgoM ke aNDe se samasta gandharUpa guNa ko lekara duSToM kI jIbha para rakha duuN| yahA~ yadi maiM brahmA ho jAU~, to' isa ukti meM sambhAvanA alaGkAra hai| kAmyaprakAzakAra ke matAnusAra 'yadyarthoktau ca kalpanam' vAlA bheda atizayokti kA prakAra vizeSa hai| 65. mithyAdhyavasiti alaGkAra 120-jahA~ kisI mithyAva kI siddhi karane ke lie anya mithyAtva kI kalpanA kI jAya, vahA~ miNyAjyavasiti alakAra hotA hai| jaise gaganakusuma (khapuSpa) kI mAlA dhAraNa karane vAlA vyakti vezyA ko vaza meM kara sakatA hai| isa udAharaNa meM vezyA ko vaza meM karanA atyanta asambhava hai, isa bAta kI siddhi ke lie kavi ne gaganakusumoM kI mAlA kA dhAraNa karanA, yaha dUsarA mithyA artha karipata kiyA hai, isalie yahA~ mithyAdhyavasiti alaGkAra hai| athavA jaise isa nimna udAharaNa meM kisI rAjA kI nindA ke byAja se stuti kI jA rahI hai :-yaha rAjA bar3A akIrtizAlI hai| isakI kAlI akIrti kI saMkhyA kahA~ taka ginAI jAya, vaha parAddhaM kI saMkhyA se bhI adhika hai| isakI akIrti ko prajJAcakSuoM ( andhoM) ne dekhA hai tathA baharoM ne sunA hai| vandhyA ke peTa se utpanna gUMge putroM kA jhuNDa kUrmaramaNI-dugdha-samudra ke sIra para aSTama svara meM isa rAjA kI akIrti kA gAna kiyA karate haiM / bhAva yaha hai, isa rAjA meM bhakIrti kA nAma nizAna bhI nahIM hai| yahA~ 'parAdha se bhI adhika honA', 'andhoM ke dvArA dekhA jAnA', 'vandhyAputra' 'gUMge ke dvArA aSTama svara meM gAyA jAnA' 'kUrmaramaNIdugdha' Adi saba ve mithyArthAntara haiM, jinakI kalpanA rAjA kI akIrti ke mithyAva ko siddha karane ke lie kI gaI hai|

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lalitAlaGkAraH 213 atrAdyodAharaNaM nidarzanAgarbham, dvitIyaM tu zuddham / asaMbandhe saMbandharUpAtizayoktito mithyAdhyavasiteH kiMcinmithyAtvasiddhayarthaM midhyArthAntarakalpanAtmanA vicchittivizeSeNa bhedaH / / 127 / / 66 lalitAlaGkAraH varNye syAdvarNyavRttAntapratibimbasya varNanam / lalitaM nirgate nIre setumeSA cikIrSati // 12 // pahale udAharaNa meM nidarzanAgarbha mithyAdhyavasiti hai, kyoMki 'khapuSpamAlAdhAraNa' tathA 'vezyAvazIkaraNa' meM biMbapratibiMbabhAva se vastusaMbaMdha kI sambhAvanA pAI jAtI hai / dUsarA udAharaNa zuddha midhyAdhyavasiti kA hai / kadAcit kucha loga mithyAdhyavasiti ko atizayokti kA hI bheda mAnanA cAheM, isa zaMkA ke kAraNa graMthakAra inakA bheda batAte hue kahate haiM ki mithyAdhyavasiti kA asaMbaMdhe saMbaMdharUpA atizayokti se yaha bheda hai ki yahA~ kisI viziSTa mithyAtva kI siddhi ke lie anya mithyA artha kI kalpanA kI jAtI hai, ataH isa mithyArthAntarakalpanA ke kAraNa isameM atizayokti kI apekSA bhinna koTi kA camatkAra pAyA jAtA hai| TippaNI - mithyAdhyavasiti nAmaka alaMkAra kevala appayadIkSita hI mAnate jAna par3ate haiM / anya AlaMkArika ise atizayokti kA hI bheda mAnate haiN| paNDitarAja jagannAtha ise prauDhokti kA bheda mAnate haiM / prauDhokti alaMkAra ke prakaraNa meM ve appayadIkSita ke ise alaga alaMkAra mAnane ke mata kA khaNDana karate haiN| ve batAte haiM ki eka mithyAstra kI siddhi ke liye anya mithyA vastu kI kalpanA prauDhokti meM hI antarbhUta hotI hai / ( ekasya mithyAtvasiddhadhardha mithyAbhUtavastvantarakalpanaM mithyAdhyavasitAkhyamalaMkAramiti na vaktavyam, prauDhoktyaiva gatArthatvAt / (rasagaMgAdhara pR0 673 ) isI saMbaMdha meM Age jAkara ve 'vezyAM vazayetkhasrajaM vahan ' vAle udAharaNa kI bhI jA~ca par3atAla kara isameM kevala nidarzanA alaMkAra ghoSita karate haiM, nidarzanAgarbhA mithyAdhyavasiti nahIM / (yasu 'vezyAM vazayetkhananaM vahan' iti kuvalayAnandakRtA mithyAdhyavasiterudAharaNaM nirmitaM tasu nidarzanayaiva gatArtham / nidarzanAgarbhAtra mithyAdhyavasitiriti tu na yuktam -- vahI pR0 673 ) Age jAkara ve dalAla dete haiM ki yadi mithyAdhyavasiti alaMkAra mAnA jAtA hai, to becArI satyAdhyavasiti ne kyA bigAr3A thA ki use alaMkAra nahIM mAnA jAtA / ( yadi ca mithyAdhyavasiterevAlaMkArAntaraM, satyAdhyavasitirapi tathA syAt -- vahI pR0 673 ) phira to nimna udAharaNa meM satyAdhyavasiti mAnI jAnI cAhie : harizcandreNa saMzaptAH pragItA dharmasUnunA / khelanti nigamorasaMge mAtargage guNAstava // yahA~ harizcandrAdi se saMbaddha guNoM kI satyatA kI siddhi ho rahI hai| vastutaH ye donoM prauDhokti hI bheda haiN| 66. lalita alaMkAra 128 - jahA~ varNya viSaya ke upasthita hone para usase saMbaddha viSaya (dharma) kA varNana na kara usake pratibiMbabhUta anya ( aprastuta ) vRttAnta kA varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ lalita alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, ( koI nAyikA samIpa Aye aparAdhI nAyaka kA tiraskAra kara baiThatI hai tathA usake lauTa jAne para sakhI ko use manAne bheja rahI hai, ise dekhakara koI kavi kaha rahA hai / ) yaha nAyikA nadI ( yA tAlAba ) ke pAnI ke nikala jAne para aba setu (bAMdha) bAMdhane kI icchA kara rahI hai|

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214 kuvalayAnandaH prastute dharmiNi yo varNanIyo vRttAntastamavarNayitvA tatraiva tatpratibimbarUpasya kasyacidaprastutavRttAntasya varNanaM lalitam yathAkathaMciddAkSiNyasamAgatatatkAlopekSitapratinivRttanAyikAntarAsaktanAyakAnayanArtha sakhI preSayitukAmAM nAyikAmu. ddizya sakhyA vacanena tvyaapaarprtibimbbhuutgtjlsetubndhvrnnnm| neyamaprastutaprazaMsA prastutadhamikatvAt | nApi samAsoktiH, prastutavRttAnta varNyamAne vizeSaNasAdhAraNyenasArUpyeNavA'prastutavRttAntasphUrtyabhAvAt aprastutavRttAntAdeva rUpAdiha prastutavRttAntasya gamyatvAt / nApi nidarzanA; prastutAprastutavRttA. : yahA~ prastuta dharmI nAyikA ke dvArA nAyaka ke pAsa sakhI saMpreSaNa hai, yaha nAyaka ke rUTha kara cale jAne ke bAda diyA jA rahA hai| isa prastuta vRttAnta kA kathana na kara kavi ne tatpratibiMbabhUta anya vRttAnta 'pAnI ke nikalane para bAMdha bAMdhane kI ceSTA' kA varNana kiyA hai| ataH yahA~ lalita alaMkAra hai| TippagI-prAcIna AArika ise alaga se alaMkAra nahIM mAnate daNDI mammada Adi isakA samAveza ArthI nidarzanA meM karate haiM / paNDitarAja ne ise alaga se alaMkAra mAnA hai-'jahA~ prastuta dharmI meM prastuta vya--hAra (dharma) kA ullekha na kara aprastuta vastu ke vyavahAra ( dharma ) kA pallekha kiyA jAya vahA lalita alaMkAra hotA hai|' (prakRtadharmiNi prakRtavyavahArAnullekhena nirUpyamANo'prakRtavyavahArasambandho lalitAlaMkAraH-ramagaGgAdhara pR0 604 ) ... prastuta viSaya meM jisa vRttAnta kA varNana kiyA jAnA cAhie usakA varNana na kara jahA~ usI sambandha meM usake pratibimbarUpa kisI anya aprastutavRttAnta kA varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ lalita alaGkAra hotA hai| (isI kA udAharaNa kArikArdha meM hai, isI ko spaSTa karate kahate haiN|) koI aparAdhI nAyaka kisI taraha nAyikA ke pAsa Akara use prasanna karane kA anure karatA hai, kintu usa samaya nAyikA usakI upekSA karatI hai, ataH baha lauTa jAtA hai / usa anya nAyikAsakta lauTe hue nAyaka ko livA lAne ke lie sakhI ko bhejane kI icchA vAlI nAyikA ko uddiSTa kara sakhI ke vacana ke dvArA kavi ne usa jyApAra ke pratibimbabhUta 'jala ke nikalane para setu bandhana kI ceSTA' kA varNana kiyA hai| yahA~ aprastutaprazaMsAlaGkAra nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, kyoMki yahA~ yaha vyavahAra prastuta dharmI (nAyakAnayanavyApAra) se sambaddha hai, jaba ki aprastutaprazaMsA meM varNita vyavahAra (vRttAnta ) kevala aprastuta se sambaddha hotA hai / isI taraha yahA~ samAsokti alaGkAra bhI nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki samAsokti meM prastuta vRttAnta ke varNana se aprastuta vRttAnta kI nyaJjanA hotI hai| samAsokti meM prastuta vRttAnta kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai tathA samAna vizeSaNa ke kAraNa athavA sArUpya ke kAraNa prastuta se aprastuta ke vyavahAra kI vyaJjanA hotI hai| isa sthala para aisA nahIM hotA, ataH yahA~ samAsokti kA kSetra nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| sAtha hI yahA~ aprastuta vRttAnta ke sArUpya se hI prastuta vRttAnta kI dhyaJjanA ho rahI hai| isake atirikta isa sthala meM nidarzanA alaGkAra bhI nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| nidarzanA vahIM ho sakatI hai jahA~ prastuta tathA aprastuta donoM vRttAnta svazabdopAtta hoM tathA aisI sthiti meM unameM aikya samAropa ho / yahA~ aprastutavRttAnta to svazabdopAtta hai, kintu prastutavRttAnta nhiiN| isI bAta ko aura adhika puSTa karane ke lie tarka karate haiM ki yadi aisA alaGkAra jo viSaya (prastuta) tathA viSayI (aprastuta) donoM ke svazabdopAtta hone para mAnA jAtA hai, kevala viSayI (aprastuta) ke hI prayoga

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lalitAlaGkAraH ndrayoH zabdopAttayoraikya samAropa eva tasyAH samunmeSAt / yadi viSayaviSayiNoH zabdopAttayoH pravartamAna evAlaGkAro viSayimAtropAdAne'pi syAttadakameva bhede'pyabhedarUpAyA atizayokterapi viSayamAkramet / nanu tarhyatra prastuvanAyakAdinigaraNena tatra zabdopAttAprastutanIrAdyabhedAdhyavasAya iti bhede abhedarUpAtizayokastu / evaM tahiM sArUpyanibandhanA aprastutaprazaMsA viSaye'pi saivAtizayoktiH syAt / aprastutadharmikatvAnna bhavatIti cet, tatrApyaprastutadharmivAcakapadasyApi prasiddhAtizayoktyudAharaNeSviva prastutadharmilakSakatvasambhavAt // nanvaprastutaprazaMsAyAM sarUpAdaprastutavAkyArthAt prastutavAkyArtho'vagamyate, natvatizayoktAviva 215 karane para mAnA jAne lagegA to phira rUpaka alaGkAra kA viSaya vistRta ho jAyagA tathA bhede abhedarUpA atizayokti ( yA rUpakAtizayokti) ke kSetra meM bhI rUpaka alaGkAra kA praveza ho jAyagA / ataH jahA~ donoM kA svazabdopAttatva abhISTa ho vahA~ eka ke prayoga karane para vaha alaGkAra na ho sakegA, isalie kevala aprastuta vRttAnta ke vyavahAra ke kAraNa yahA~ nidarzanA nahIM mAnI jA sakatI / pUrvapakSI isa sambandha meM eka naI saraNi upasthita karatA hai - ThIka hai, Apa yahA~ aprastutaprazaMsA, samAsoki yA nidarzanA meM se anyatama alaGkAra nahIM mAnate to na sahI, yahA~ bhI abhedarUpA atizayoki mAna leN| yahA~ svazabdopAta aprastuta nIrAdi ( nIranirgamana tathA setubandhana) ne prastuta nAyakAdi ( nAyakagamana tathA nAyakAnayana ceSTA ) kA nigaraNa kara liyA hai| isa nigaraNa ke dvArA aprastuta kA abhedAdhyavasAya ho gayA hai isa prakAra yahA~ bhede abhedarUpA atizayokti siddha ho jAtI hai / siddhAntapakSI ko yaha mata svIkAra nahIM / isI kA khaNDana karate hue vaha dalIla paza karatA hai ki lalita alaGkAra ke sthala para bhede abhedarUpA atizayokti mAnane para to sArUpya - nibandhanA aprastutaprazaMsA ke kSetra meM bhI yahI alaGkAra ( atizayokti ) ho jAyagA, phira to aprastuta - prazaMsA ke usa bheda ko mAnane kI kyA jarUrata hai| yadi Apa yaha dalIla deM ki aprastutaprazaMsA alaGkAra meM aprastuta varNya hotA hai, tathA atizayokti meM aprastuta ke dvArA prastuta kA adhyavasAya hotA hai ( tathA vahA~ varNya prastuta hI hotA hai ) / ataH aprastutaprazaMsA ke sthala meM atizayokti alaGkAra nahIM ho sakatA / aprastutaprazaMsA meM bhI hama dekhate haiM ki atizayokti ke prasiddha udAharaNoM kI bhA~ti, aprastuta dharmivAcaka pada ( aprastuta dharmI se sambaddha vAcaka pardoM) ke dvArA prastutadharmilakSakatva (prastutadharmI se sambaddha lakSakatva ) sambhava ho sakatA hai / bhAva yaha hai, atizayokti meM jina padoM kA prayoga hotA hai, ve mukhyAvRtti se aprastuta se sambaddha hote haiM, kintu ( sAdhyavasAnA ) lakSaNA se prastuta ko lakSita karate haiM, jaba ki aprastutaprazaMsA meM ve pada kevala aprastutaparaka hI hote haiM, tathA prastuta vyaJjanAgamya hotA hai - isa prakAra kI pUrvapakSI kI dalIla hai, ataH aprastutaprazaMsA kA samAveza atizayokti meM nahIM ho sktaa| isI kA khaNDana karate hue siddhAntapakSI batAtA hai ki kabhI kabhI aprastutaprazaMsA meM aprastuta ke vAcaka pada prastuta ke lakSaka ho sakate haiM / pUrvapakSI ke mata ko phira upanyasta kara usI kA khaNDana karate hue siddhAntapakSI lalita alaGkAra ko atizayokti se bhinna siddha karane ke lie kahate haiM / yadi pUrvapatI yaha dalIla de ki aprastutaprazaMsA meM tulyarUpa ( sarUpa) aprastuta vAkyArtha se prastutavAkyArtha kI vyaJjanA hotI hai, atizayokti kI taraha viSayI ( aprastuta ) ke bAva

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216 kuvalayAnandaH viSayivAcakaistattatpadaiviSayA lakSyanta iti bheda iti cettarhi ihApi prastutagatAdaprastutavRttAntarUpAdvAkyArthAttadgataprastutavRttAntarUpo vAkyArtho'vagamyata ityevAtizayoktito bhedo'stu / vastutastu, so'pUrvo rasanAviparyayavidhistatkarNayozcApalaM dRSTiH sA madavismRtasvaparadikkiM bhUyasoktena vA ? | pUrva nizcitavAnasi bhramara ! he yadvAraNo'dyApyasAvantaHzUnyakaro niSevyata iti bhrAtaH ! ka eSa grahaH 1 // ' (bhalla. za. 18) ityAcaprastutaprazaMsodAharaNe prathamapratItAdaprastutavAkyArthAt prastutavAkyArtho'vagamyata ityetanna ghaTate; aprastute vAraNasya bhramarAsevyatve karNacApalamAtrasya bhramaranirAsakaraNasya hetutvasambhave'pi rasanAviparyayAntaHzUnyakaratvayohetutvA - una una padoM ke dvArA viSayoM (prastuta padArthoM) kI lakSaNA se pratIti nahIM hotI hai, ataH una donoM meM paraspara bheda hai, to yahA~ (lalita alaGkAra meM) bhI prastuta ke prasaMga meM varNita aprastuta vRttAntarUpa vAkyArtha se prastutavRttAntarUpa vAkyArtha kI vyaJjanA ho jAtI hai, ataH lalita kA atizayokti se antara ho hI jAtA hai| isa prakAra lalita ko atizayokti se bhinna alaGkAra siddha kara siddhAntapakSI usa pUrvapakSI mata para apanA nirNaya detA hai, jisameM aprastutaprazaMsA kA AdhAra prathama pratIta aprastutavAkyArtha se prastuta vAkyArtha kI vyaJjanA mAnA gayA hai| isakA vivecana karane ke lie vaha pahale aprastutaprazaMsA ke udAharaNa ko lekara usake aprastuta tathA prastuta vAkyAtha ko letA hai:_ 'isake vaise hI apUrva rasanA viparyayavidhi (jihvAparivRtti, viparIta bAta kahane kI Adata) hai, vaisI hI kAnoM kI capalatA (duSprabhupata meM, kacce kAna kA honA) hai, vahI mada (garva) ke kAraNa mArga (ucitAnucita) ko vismRta karane vAlI dRSTi hai| aura adhika kyA kaheM ? he bhauMre, tumane yaha saba pahale hI vicAra liyA hai ki yaha abhI bhI vAraNa (hAthI, logoM kA anAdara karane vAlA) hai, itanA hone para bhI bhAI, tuma isa antaHzUnya zuNDAdaNDa vAle (riktahasta ) vyakti kI sevA kara rahe ho, isameM tumhArA kyA Agraha hai? ___ yaha aprastutaprazaMsA alaGkAra kA udAharaNa hai| pUrvapakSI ke matAnusAra yahA~ bhI pahale aprastuta (hastirUpa) vAkyAtha kI pratIti hogI, tadanantara usase (duSprabhurUpa) vAkyArtha kI vyaMjanA hogii| kiMtu yaha bAta yahA~ lAgU nahIM hotii| siddhAntapakSI kA kahanA hai ki yahA~ yaha niyama ghaTita nahIM hotaa| hama dekhate haiM ki isa padya meM hAthI kA bhaure kI sevA ke yogya na honA aprastuta hai, isakA hetu yaha hai ki vaha kAnoM kA caMcala hai tathA bhauMroM kA anAdara karane vAlA hai, isa hetu ke hone para bhI rasanAviparyaya tathA antaHzUnyakaratva ye do hetu bhramarAsenyatva ke kAraNa nahIM ho sakate, sAtha hI mada kA honA bhI bhramarAsevyatva kA hetu nahIM, balki ulaTe vaha to bhramarasevyatva kA hetu hai (bhAva yaha hai, bhaure ke dvArA hAthI kI sevA nahIM kI jAnI cAhie, isakA sAkSAt hetu kevala itanA hI jAna par3atA hai ki hAthI kAnoM kI caMcalatA dhAraNa karatA hai tathA bhauroM ko

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lalitAlaGkAraH sambhavena madasya pratyuta tatsevyatva eva hetutvena ca rasanAviparyayAdInAM tatra hetutvAnvayArtha vAraNapadasya duSprarUpaviSayakroDIkAreNaiva pravRttervaktavyatvAt / evaM satyapi yadyaprastutasambodhanAdivicchittivizeSAttatrAprastutaprazaM sAyA atizayoktito bhedo ghaTate, tadAtrApi prastutaM dharmiNaM svapadena nidizya tatrAprastutavarNanArUpasya vicchittivizeSasya sadbhAvAttato bhedaH sutarAM ghaTate / 'pazya nIlotpaladvandvAnniHsaranti', 'vApI kApi sphurati gagane tatparaM sUkSmapadyA' ityAdiSu tu prastutasya kasyaciddharmiNaH svavAca kenAnirdiSTatvAdatizayoktireva / etena gatajalasetubandhanavarNanAdiSvasaMbandhe saMbandharUpAtizayoktirastviti zaGkApi nirastA / tathA sati 'kastvaM bhoH ! kathayAmi' ityAdAvapi tatprasaGgAt sArUpyanibandhana prastutavAkyArthAvagatirUpavicchittivizeSeNAlaGkArAntaratvakalpanaM tvihApi tulyam / tasmAtsarvAlaGkAravilakSaNamidaM lalitam / 217 bhagA detA hai, bAkI hetu to isa ukti ke sAtha ThIka nahIM hote kyoMki hAthI kI jihvAparivRtti yA usakI sUMDa kA khokhalA honA - hAthI kI sevA bhauMre na kareM - isakA koI hetu nahIM hai, sAtha hI mada kA honA to ulaTe isa bAta kI puSTi karatA hai ki hAthI bhauroM ke dvArA sevana karane yogya hai, kyoMki mada ke lie hI to bhauMre hAthI ke pAsa jAte haiM ) / aisI dazA meM 'rasanAviparyayavidhi' 'antaHzUnya karatva' tathA 'madavattA' hastipakSa meM usake bhramarAsegya hone ke hetu rUpa meM pUrNataH ghaTita nahIM hote / phalataH prathama kSaNa meM hastirUpa aprastuta vAcyArtha kI nirbAdha pratIti nahIM ho paatii| isalie hameM duSprabhurUpa prastuta vRttAnta kA AkSepa pahale hI kSaNa meM kara lenA par3atA hai / pahale hA kSaNa meM rasanAviparyayAdi hetu ke hastipakSa meM anvaya karane ke lie isa bAta kI kalpanA karanA hamAre lie Avazyaka ho jAtA hai ki yahA~ hastirUpa aprastuta vRttAnta ne duSprabhurUpa prastuta vRttAnta ko chipA rakhA ( kroDIkRta kara rakhA ) hai / yadyapi yahA~ aprastuta ke dvArA prastuta kA kroDIkaraNa pAyA jAtA hai, tathA prastuta ke dvArA hI prathama kSaNa meM aprastuta vAcyArtha kI pratIti ho pAtI hai, tathApi yahA~ atizayokti kI apekSA isalie vizeSa camatkAra pAyA jAtA hai ki yahA~ aprastuta ko saMbodhita kara ukti kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / isa prakAra yahA~ aprastuta ko saMbodhita karane ke camatkAravizeSa ke kAraNa hI aprastutaprazaMsA tathA atiza yokti meM bheda ho gayA hai / isI taraha yahA~ ( lalita alaMkAra meM ) bhI prastuta dharmI ko apane hI vAcaka pada ke dvArA varNita karake usa prasaMga meM aprastuta kA varNana karanA eka vizeSa camatkAra utpanna karatA hai, ataH yahA~ bhI atizayokti se spaSTa bheda mAnanA ThIka hogA / atizayokti meM (lalita kI bhA~ti ) prastuta dharmoM kA koI vAcaka pada prayukta nahIM hotA / udAharaNa ke lie 'pazya nIlotpaladvandvAnniHsaranti' tathA 'vApI kApi sphurati gagane tatparaM sUkSmapadyA' ityAdi udAharaNoM meM prastuta dharmoM ke lie koI vAcaka pada prayukta nahIM huA hai, ataH yahA~ atizayokti alaMkAra hI pAyA jAtA hai / isa prakAra siddhAMtapakSI ne yahA~ isa zaMkA kA nirAkaraNa kara diyA hai ki 'gatajalasetubandhana' varNanAdi ke prasaMga meM ( 'nirgate nIre setumeSA cikIrSati' ityAdi sthaloM meM ) asaMbaMdhe saMbaMdharUpA atizayokti mAnI jA sakatI hai| aisA hone para jisa prakAra 'kastvaM bhoH kathayAmi' Adi sthaloM meM sArUpyanibaMdhana ke kAraNa prastuta vAkyArtha kI vyaMjanA hone se eka vizeSa prakAra kI zobhA (camatkAra ) hone ke kAraNa navIna alaMkAra kI kalpanA kI jAtI hai, vaise hI

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218 yathA vA ( raghu. 111 ) - kuvalayAnandaH va sUryaprabhavo vaMzaH kva cAlpaviSayA matiH / / titIrSurdustaraM mohAduDupenAsmi sAgaram // atrApi nidarzanAbhrAntirna kAryo / 'alpaviSayayA matyA sUryavaMzaM varNayitumicchuraham' iti prastuta vRttAntAnupanyAsAttatpratibimbabhUtasya 'uDupena sAgaraM titIrSurasmi' ityaprastuta vRttAntasya varNanenAdau viSamAlaGkAravinyasanena ca kevalaM tatra tAtparyasya gamyamAnatvAt / / yathA vA ( naiSadha. 8/25 ) - anAyi dezaH katamastvayAdya vasantamuktasya dazAM vanasya / tvadAptasaMketatayA kRtArthA zrAvyApi nAnena janena saMjJA // atra'katamo dezastvayA parityaktaH ?' iti prastutArthamanupanyasya 'vasantamuktasya vanasya dazAmanAyi' iti pratibimbabhUtArthamAtropanyAsAllalitAlaGkAraH / / 128 // yahA~ bhI navIna alaMkAra kI kalpanA karane ke lie kAraNa hai / ataH yaha lalita alaMkAra sabhI alaMkAroM se vilakSaNa hai / ina tInoM udAharaNoM kA artha atizayokti tathA prastutAMkura alaMkAra ke prasaMga meM dekheM / ofen alaMkAra kI pratiSThApanA karane ke bAda isakA eka udAharaNa dete haiM, jahA~ kucha vidvAn bhrAMti se nidarzanA alaMkAra mAnate haiM / kahA~ to sUrya se utpanna hone vAlA vaMza, kahA~ merI tuccha buddhi ? maiM moha ke kAraNa dustara samudra ko eka choTI sI DoMgI se pAra karane kI icchA kara rahA hU~ / ' isa padya meM nidarzanA nahIM mAnanA cAhie / 'maiM tuccha buddhi ke dvArA sUryavaMza kA varNana karane kI icchAvAlA hU~' yaha prastuta vRttAnta hai / isake upanyAsa ke dvArA isake pratibiMbakhUpa aprastuta vRttAnta - maiM DoMgI se sAgara pAra karane kI icchA vAlA hU~-ke varNana ke dvArA tathA padya ke pUrvArdha meM pahale viSama alaMkAra kA prayoga karane ke kAraNa kavi kA abhiprAya kevala tucchabuddhi ke dvArA sUryavaMza ke varNana kI icchA vAle prastuta taka hI hai / ataH yahA~ bhI prastuta ke prasaMga meM aprastuta vRttAnta kA varNana karane ke kAraNa lalita alaMkAra ho hai / athavA jaise damayantI nala se pUcha rahI hai ::- yaha batAo, vaha kauna sA daza hai, jise tumane vasanta ke dvArA chor3e gaye vana kI dazA ko pahu~cA diyA hai ? tumhAre lie prayukta saMketa rUpa saMjJA ( nAma ) kyA isa vyakti (mere) dvArA sunane yogya nahIM hai ?' yahA~ 'tumane kauna sA deza chor3A hai' (tuma kahA~ se A rahe ho ) isa prastuta artha kA upanyAsa na kara 'vasanta ke dvArA chor3e gaye upavana kI dazA ko pahu~cAyA gayA hai' isa pratibiMbabhUta aprastuta vRttAnta kA upanyAsa kiyA gayA hai, ataH yahA~ lalita alaMkAra hai / TippaNI -- candrikAkAra vaidyanAtha ne isa padya ke prasaMga meM nidarzanA kI zaMkA uThAkara usakA samAdhAna kiyA hai / ve kahate haiM ki yahA~ mAgha ke prasiddha padya 'udayati vitatordhvarazmirajjAvahimaMkucau himadhAmni yAti cAstaM / vahati girirayaM vilambighaNTAdvayaparivAritavAraNeMdra lIlAm' kI saraha padArtha - nidarzanA nahIM hai / vahA~ para padma ke pUrvArdha meM prakRta vRttAnta kA upanyAsa ho cukA

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praharSaNAlaGkAraH 67 praharSaNAlaGkAraH utkaNThitArthasaMsiddhirvinA yatnaM praharSaNam / tAmeva dhyAyate tasmai nisRSTA saiva dUtikA // 129 // utkaNThA = icchAvizeSaH / sarvendriyasukhAsvAdo yatrAstItyabhimanyate / tatprAptIcchAM sasaMkalpAmutkaNThAM kavayo viduH // ' ityuktalakSaNAttadviSayasyArthasya tadupAyasaMpAdanayanaM vinA siddhiH praharSaNam / udAharaNaM spaSTam | yathA vA ( gItagovinde 111 ) - 216 meghairmeduramambaraM banabhuvaH zyAmAstamAladrumai naktaM bhIrurayaM tvameva tadimaM rAdhe ! gRhaM prApaya / , itthaM nandanidezatazcalitayoH pratyadhva kuanumaM rAdhAmAdhavayorjayanti yamunAkUle rahaH kelayaH // hai, ataH vahA~ nidarzanA hI hai / yahA~ sAdRzya paryavasAna to pAyA jAtA hai, para prakRta vRttAnta kA upanyAsa nahIM huA hai, ataH nidarzanA nahIM mAnI jA sakatI / vahA~ prakRta vRttAnta vAcya rahatA hai, yahA~ prakRta vRttAnta vyaMgya hotA hai, ataH vyaMgya hone ke kAraNa isa prakAra kI saraNi meM adhika camatkAra pAyA jAtA hai / isalie lalita ko nidarzanA se bhinna mAnanA ucita hI hai / ( na cAtra vAraNendralIlAmitivatpadArthanidarzanA yukteti vAcyam / tatra pUrvArdhana prakRtavRttAntopAdAnena, sAdRzyaparyavasAnarUpa nidarzanAsatve'pyatra tadanupAdAnena / tadvayaGgayatAprayuktavicchittivizeSavattvena lalitAlaMkArasyaivocitatvAt / ) ( candrikA pR0 150 ) 67. praharSaNa alaMkAra 129 - jahA~ kisI yattavizeSa ke vinA hI Ipsita vastu kI siddhi ho jAya, vahA~ praharSaNa nAmaka alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, koI nAyaka kisI kA dhyAna hI kara rahA thA ki usake lie vahI dUtikA bheja dI gii| TippaNI- sAkSAttaduddezya kaya namantareNApyabhISTArthalAbhaH praharSaNam / (rasagaMgAdhara pR0 680) utkaNThA kA artha hai icchAvizeSa / utkaNThA kA lakSaNa yoM hai :- 'jisa vastu meM samasta indriyoM ke sukha kA AsvAda samajhA jAtA hai, usa vastu kI prApti ke lie kI gaI saMkalpa pUrvaka tIvra icchA ko kavigaNa utkaNThA kahate haiN|' isa lakSaNa ke anusAra isa prakAra kI vastu kI prApti ke upAya ke binA hI jahA~ siddhi ho, usa sthAna para kAvya meM praharSaNa alaMkAra hotA hai / kArikArdha kA udAharaNa spaSTa hI hai / athavA jaise 'he rAdhe, AkAza ghane bAdaloM se ghirA hai, samasta vanabhUmi tamAla ke nibiDa vRkSoM se kAlI ho rahI haiM aura rAta kA samaya hai / tuma to jAnatI hI ho, yaha kRSNa bar3hA~ Darapoka hai, ise isa rAta meM jaMgala meM hokara ghara jAte Dara lgegaa| tumhIM ise kyoM nahIM pahu~cA detI ?' nanda kI isa AjJA ko suna kara ghara kI ora prasthita rAdhA-mAdhava ke dvArA mArga maiM yamunA taTa ke upavana tathA latAkula meM kI huI ekAnta krIDAe~ sarvotkRSTa haiM / "

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220 kuvalayAnandaH wwwmm atra rAdhAmAdhavayoH parasparamutkaNThitatvaM prasiddhataram / agre ca granthakAreNa nibaddhamityatrodAharaNe lakSaNAnugatiH // 126 // vAJchitAdadhikArthasya saMsiddhizva praharSaNam / dIpamudyojayedyAvattAvadabhyudito raviH // 130 // spaSTam | yathA vA cAtaka stricaturAnpayaH kaNAn yAcate jaladharaM pipAsayA / sospi pUrayati vizvamambhasA hanta hanta mahatAmudAratA // 130 // - yahA~ rAdhA tathA mAdhava kI eka dUsare se ekAnta meM milane kI utkaNThA prasiddha hai hI tathA kavi jayadeva ne bhI gItagovinda nAmaka kAvya meM- jisakA yaha maMgalAcaraNa haiuse Age nibaddha kiyA hai / yahA~ nanda ke Adeza ke kAraNa rAdhA-mAdhava kI yaha utkaNThA binA kisI yatra vizeSa ke hI pUrNa ho jAtI hai, ataH yahA~ praharSaNa alaMkAra kA lakSaNa ghaTita ho jAtA hai / 130- ( praharSaNa kA dUsarA bheda ) jahA~ abhIpsita vastu se adhika vastu kI prApti ho, vahA~ bhI praharSaNa hotA hai| yaha praharSaNa kA dUsarA bheda hai| jaise, jaba taka vaha dIpaka jalAye, taba taka hI sUrya udita ho gayA / yahA~ dIpaka kA prakAza abhIpsita vastu hai, sUrya kA prakAzita honA usase bhI adhika vastu kI saMsiddhi hai, ataH yaha dUsarA praharSaNa hai| kArikArtha spaSTa hai / isI kA dUsarA udAharaNa yaha hai : cAtaka pakSI vyAsa ke kAraNa megha se kevala tIna-cAra bU~da hI pAnI mA~gatA hai / megha badale meM samasta saMsAra ko pAnI se bhara detA hai| bar3e harSa kI bAta hai, mahAn vyakti bar3e udAra hote haiN| yahA~ cAtaka pakSI kevala tIna cAra kaNa kI hI icchA karatA hai, kintu megha abhIpsita vastu se adhika vitarita karatA hai, ataH yahA~ praharSaNa nAmaka alaGkAra hai / TippaNI- paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne appayadIkSita ke isa udAharaNa ko dvitIya praharSaNa kA udAharaNa nahIM mAnA hai / ve batAte haiM ki yaha udAharaNa duSTa hai| kyoMki praharSaNa ke lakSaNa 'vAnchita vastu se adhika vastu kI saMsiddhi' meM saMsiddhi se tAtparya kevala niSpattimAtra nahIM hai / Ipsita se adhika vastu kI niSpatti hone para bhI jaba taka icchA karane vAle vyakti ko usa adhika vastu ke lAbha kA santoSAdhikya na ho taba taka 'praharSaNa' zabda kA artha saMgata nahIM ho sakegA, jo praharSaNa alaMkAra kA vAstavika rahasya hai / aisI sthiti meM, cAtaka ko kevala tIna cAra bU~da pAnI hI abhISTa hai, usase adhika pAnI milane para jaba taka cAtaka kA harSAdhikya na batAyA jAya, taba taka praharSaNa alaMkAra kaise hogA ? hA~, adhika dAna dene ke kAraNa dAtA kI utkarSatA avazya pratIta hotI hai tathA 'hanta hanta mahatAmudAratA' vAlA arthAntaranyAsa bhI usI kI puSTi karatA hai / ataH yahI~ praharSaNa kA lakSaNa ghaTita nahIM hotaa| isakA udAharaNa paNDitasaja ne nimna padma diyA hai : lobhAdvarATikAnAM vikretuM takramaviratamaTansyA | labdho gopakizoryA madhyerathyaM mahedranIlamaNiH // -:

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praharSaNAlaGkAraH 221 yatnAdupAyasiddhayarthAt sAkSAllAbhaH phalasya ca / nidhyaJjanauSadhImUlaM khanatA sAdhito nidhiH / / 131 // phalopAyasiddhyarthAdyatnAnmadhye upAyasiddhimanapekSyApi sAkSAtphalasyaiva praharSaNam | yathA nidhyaJjanasiddhyarthaM mUlikAM khanatastatraiva nirlAbhaH / yathA vA uccitya prathamamadhaHsthitaM mRgAkSI puSpaughaM zritaviTapaM grahItukAmA / AroDhuM padamadadhAdazokayaSTAvAmUlaM punarapi tena puSpitAbhUt // atra puSpagrahaNopAyabhUtArohaNAsiddhyarthAtpadanidhAnAttatraiva pusspgrhnnlaabhH|| (yattu-'cAtaka......' iti pacaM 'vAnchitAdadhikArthasya saMsiddhizca praharSaNam' iti praharSaNAd dvitIyaprabhedaM lakSayitvodAhRtaM kuvlyaanndkRtaa| tadasat / vAnchitAdadhikArthasya saMsiddhiriti lakSaNena saMsiddhipadena niSpattimAtraM na vaktuM yuktam / satyAmapi niSpattI vAnchitustallAbhakRtasaMtoSAnAtizaye praharSaNazabdayogArthasaMgatyA tadalakArasvAyogAt / kiM tu lAbhena kRtaH sNtossaatishyH| evaM ca prakRte cAtakasya tricaturakaNamAtrArthitayA jaladakartRkajalakaraNakavidhapUreNa na harSAdhikyAbhAvAt praharSaNaM kathaMkAraM padamAdhattAm / vAmichatA. dadhikapradatvena dAturutkarSo bhavastu na vaaryte| ata eva hanta hantetyAdinArthAntaranyAsena sa eva poSyate / lobhAdarATikAnAmityasmadIye tUdAharaNe vAnchiturvAnchitArthAdadhikavastu. lAbhena saMtoSAdhikyAttadyuktam / ( rasagaGgAdhara pR0 681-82 ) 131-jahA~ kisI vizeSa vastu ko prApta karane ke upAya kI siddhi ke lie kiye gaye patna se sAkSAt usI vastu (phala) kA lAbha ho jAya, vahA~ praharSaNa kA tIsarA bheda hotA hai| jaise koI vyakti nidhi (khajAnA) ko dekhane ke lie kisI aJjana kI auSadhi kI jar3a ko khoda rahA ho aura use khodate samaya hI use sAkSAt nidhi (khajAnA) mila jAya / (usa manuSya ko gar3e hue dhana ko dekhane ke aJjana kI auSadhi kI jar3a khodate hue hI nidhi mila gii)| __ phala prApti ke upAya kI siddhi ke lie kiye gaye yatna se kArya ke bIca meM hI upAya kI siddhi ke vinA hI sAkSAtphala kI prApti ho jAya, vaha bhI praharSaNa kA eka bheda hai| jaise nidhyAna kI prApti ke lie auSadhi kI jar3a ko khodate hue vyakti ko vahIM nidhi kI prApti ho jAya / athavA jaise koI nAyikA azoka ke phUla cunane AI hai| hirana ke samAna netra vAlI nAyikA ne azoka ke nIce laTakate phUloM ko pahale cuna liyA hai, tadanantara vaha per3a ke UparI bhAga meM khile phUloM ke samUha ko lene kI icchA se per3a ke Upara car3hane ka lie jyoM hI azoka ke tane para paira rakhatI hai, kyoM hI usake pairoM ke dvArA Ahata hokara azoka kI latA phira se phUloM se lada jAtI hai| (yahA~ kavi ne 'pAdAghAtAdazoko vikasati bakulaH sIdhugaNDUSasekAt' vAlI kavisamayokti kA upayoga kiyA hai|) yahA~ nAyikA puSpagrahaNa ke lie usake upAya-per3a para car3hane kA Azraya lene jA rahI hai, isa upAya kI siddhi ke lie azokayaSTi para paira rakhate hI vahIM phUla khila

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222 kuvalayAnandaH 68 viSAdanAlaGkAraH iSyamANaviruddhArtha saMprAptistu viSAdanam / dIpamudyojayedyAvannirvANastAvadeva saH / / 132 / / yathA vA rAtrirgamiSyati bhaviSyati suprabhAtaM bhAsvAnudeSyati hasiSyati paGkajazrIH / itthaM vicintayati kozagate dvirephe hA hanta hanta nalinIM gaja ujjahAra / / 132 / / 69 ullAsAlaGkAraH ekasya guNadoSAbhyAmullAso'nyasya tau yadi / api mAM pAvayet sAdhvI snAtvetIcchati jAGgalI // 133 // uThate haiM aura use nIce khar3e khar3e hI phUla mila jAte haiM, isa prakAra upAya siddhi ke lie yatna karate samaya hI sAkSAt phala ( puSpa ) kI prApti ho jAtI hai, ataH yahA~ tRtIyapraharSaNa hai / 68. viSAdana alaGkAra 132 - jahA~ abhIpsita artha se viruddha artha kI prApti ho, vahA~ viSAdana alaGkAra hotA hai / jaise jyoMhI dIpaka ko adhika teja kiyA jA rahA thA, tyoMhI vaha bujha gayA / isI kA dUsarA udAharaNa yaha hai : koI bhauMrA kamala meM banda ho gayA hai / vaha rAta bhara yahI socatA rahA hai 'ava rAta samApta hogI, prAtaH kAla hogA, sUrya udaya hogA, kamalazobhA vikasita hogI' / kamalakalikA meM banda bhauMrA yaha soca hI rahA thA ki isI bIca, bar3e duHkha kI bAta hai, kisI hAthI ne usa kamala ke phUla ko ukhAr3a liyA / yahA~ bhauMrA prAtaHkAla meM vikasita kamala kI zobhA kI pratIkSA kara rahA thA, tAki usakA chuTakArA ho tathA vaha punaH kamala ke makaranda kA pAna kara sake, para isI bIca hAthI kA kamala ko ukhAr3a pheMkanA abhIpsita vastu se viruddha vastu kI prApti hai, ataH yahA~ viSAdana alaGkAra hai / 69. ullAsa alaGkAra 133-135 - jahA~ kisI anya vastu ke guNa doSa se kisI anya vastu ke guNadoSa kA varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ ullAsa nAmaka alaGkAra hotA hai / ( yaha varNana cAra taraha kA hotA hai :- 1. kisI vastu ke guNa se dUsarI vastu kA guNa, 2. kisI vastu ke doSa se dUsarI vastu kA doSa, 3. kisI vastu ke guNa se dUsarI vastu kA doSa, 4. kisI vastu doSa se dUsarI vastu kA guNa / isI ke kramazaH udAharaNa dete haiM / ) ke 1 - yaha pativratA satI snAna karake mujhe pavitra kara de, gaGgA nadI isa satI se yaha icchA karatI hai / (guNa se guNa kA udAharaNa )

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ullAsAlaGkAraH 223 kAThinyaM kucayoH sraSTuM vAJchantyaH pAdapadmayoH / nindanti ca vidhAtAraM tvaddhATISvariyoSitaH // 134 // tadabhAgyaM dhanasyaiva yannAzrayati sajjanam / lAbho'yameva bhUpAlasevakAnAM na cedvadhaH // 135 // yatra kasyacidguNenAnyasya guNo doSeNa doSo guNena doSo doSena guNo vA varNyate sa ullaasH| dvitIyArdhamAdyasyodAharaNam / tatra pativratAmahimaguNena tadIyasnAnato gaGgAyAH pAvanatvaguNo vrnnitH| dvitIyazloke dvitIyasyodA. haraNam / tatra rAjJo dhATISu vane palAyamAnAnAmarAtiyoSitAM pAdayordhAvanapari. panthimArdavadoSeNa tayoH kAThinyamasRSTvA vyartha kucayostatsRSTavato dhAturnindyatvadoSo varNitaH / tRtIyazlokastRtIya caturthayorudAharaNam / tatra sajjanamahimaguNena dhanasya tadanAzrayaNaM doSatvena, rAjJaH krauyadoSeNa tatsevakAnAM vadhaM vinA vinirgamanaM guNatvena varNitam / 2-koI kavi rAjA kI vIratA kI prazaMsA karate hue zatrunAriyoM kI dazA kA varNana karatA hai| he rAjan , tumhAre yuddhayAtrA ke lie prasthita hone para tumhArI zatruramaNiyA~ apane kucoM kI kaThinatA ko caraNakamaloM meM cAhatI haiM (tAki kaThina pairoM meM unheM vana kI durgama kaThora bhUmi asahya na lage) tathA isa prakAra kI racanA na karane vAle (pairoM ko kamala ke samAna komala banAne vAle) brahmA kI nindA karatI haiN| (doSa se doSa kA udAharaNa) 3-yaha dhana kA hI durbhAgya hai ki vaha sajanoM ke pAsa nahIM rhtaa| (guNa se doSa kA varNana) 4-yadi rAjasevakoM kA vadha nahIM hotA, to yaha unakA lAbha hI hai| (doSa se guNa kA udAharaNa) __jahA~ kisI eka vastu ke guNa se dUsarI vastu kA guNa, usake doSa se dUsarI vastu kA doSa, usake guNa se dUsarI vastu kA doSa athavA usake doSa se dUsarI vastu kA guNa varNita kiyA jAya, vahA~ ullAsa nAmaka alaGkAra hotA hai| kArikAbhAga kI prathama kArikA kA dvitIyA prathama (guNa se guNa) kA udAharaNa hai / yahA~ pativratA kI mahimA rUpI guNa ke varNana ke dvArA usake snAna se gaMgA kI pavitratA ke guNa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya zloka meM dvitIya (doSa se doSa) kA udAharaNa hai| yahA~ rAjA kI yuddhayAtrAoM ke samaya vana meM bhagatI huI zatrustriyoM ke daur3ane meM bAdhaka pairoM kI komalatA kA doSa varNita kara usake dvArA unakI kaThinatA kI racanA na kara vyartha hI stanoM kI kaThinatA kI racanaM karane vAle brahmA kA doSa varNita kiyA gayA hai| tRtIya kArikA meM tIsare va cauthe donoM ke udAharaNa haiM / vahA~ prathamArdha meM sajanoM kI mahimA ke guNa ke dvArA dhana kA unake pAsa na honA rUpI doSa, tathA rAjA kI krUratA ke doSa ke dvArA rAjasevakoM kA vinA badha ke baca nikalanA guNa ke rUpa meM varNita huA hai|

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224 kuvalayAnandaH anenaiva krameNodAharaNAntarANi, yadayaM rathasaMkSobhAdaMsenAMso nipIDitaH / ekaH kRtI madaGgeSu, zeSamaGga bhuvo bhrH|| atra nAyikAsaundaryaguNena tadaMsanipIDitasya svAMsasya kRtitvaguNo varNitaH / / lokAnandana ! candanadruma ! sakhe ! nAsmin vane sthIyatAM . durvazaiH paruSairasArahRdayairAkrAntametadvanam / te hyanyonyanigharSajAtadahanajvAlAvalIsaMkulA na svAnyeva kulAni kevalamaho sarvaM daheyurvanam / / atra veNUnAM parasparasaMgharSaNasaMjAtadahanasaMkulatvadoSeNa vananAzarUpadoSo vnnitH| dAnArthino madhukarA yadi karNatAle__ dUrIkRtAH karivareNa madAndhabuddhayA / __inhIM cAroM ke kramazaH dUsare udAharaNa de rahe haiM: (kisI eka ke guNa ke dvArA dUsare ke guNa ke varNana kA udAharaNa ) koI nAyaka nAyikA ke sAtha ratha para jA rahA thaa| ratha ke hilane se usakA kandhA nAyikA ke kandhe se TakarA gayA thaa| apane kandhe ke saubhAgya guNa kI prazaMsA karatA nAyaka kaha rahA hai| ratha ke hilane ke kAraNa yaha merA kandhA usa (nAyikA) ke kandhe se TakarA gayA thaa| ataH mere sabhI aMgoM meM yahI akelA aMga saphala manoratha hai, bAkI aMga to pRthvI ke lie bhArasvarUpa haiN|' ___ yahA~ nAyikA ke sauMdarya guNa ke dvArA usake kandhe se TakarAye hue nAyaka ke apane kaMdhe ke saubhAgya guNa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| ataH yaha ullAsa ke prathama bheda kAudAharaNa hai| (kisI eka ke doSa ke dvArA dUsare ke doSa ke varNana kA udAharaNa ) koI kavi candana ke vRkSa se kaha rahA hai| 'saMsAra ko prasanna karane vAle, he candana ke vRkSa, mitra tuma isa vana meM kabhI nahIM tthhrnaa| yaha vana kaThora hRdayavAle (zUnya hRdaya vAle) kaThora bAMsa ke per3oM (bure vaMza meM utpanna logoM) se chAyA huA hai ye vAMsa itane duSTa haiM ki eka dUsare se paraspara TakarAne se utpanna agni kI jvAlA se veSTita hokara kevala apane kula ko hI nahIM, apitu sAre vana ko jalA DAlate haiN| (prastuta padya meM aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra bhI hai| yahA~ candana-veNugata aprastuta vRttAnta ke dvArA sajana-durjana vyakti rUpa prastutavRttAnta kI vyaMjanA ho rahI hai| koI kavi kisI sajana se duSToM ke sAtha se bacane kA saMketa kara rahA hai, jo kevala apanA hI nahIM dUsaroM kA bhI nAza karate haiN|) yahA~ bAMsoM ke paraspara TakarAne se utpanna agni se veSTita hone rUpa dopa ke dvArA bananAza rUpa doSa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha ullAsa ke dvitIya bheda kA udAharaNa hai| (kisI ke guNa ke dvArA dUsare ke doSa ke varNana kA udAharaNa ) koI kavi hAthI kI mUrkhatA va madAMdhatA kA varNana kara rahA hai| yadi gajarAja ne madAMdha buddhi ke kAraNa apane karNatAloM ke dvArA mada jala ke icchuka (yAcaka) bhauMroM ko haTA

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ullAsAlaGkAraH tasyaiva gaNDayugamaNDanahAnireSA bhRGgAH punarvikacapadmavate caranti || 225 atra bhramarANAmalaMkaraNatvaguNena gajasya tatpratikSepo doSatvena varNitaH / AghAtaM paricumbitaM parimuhurlIDhaM punazcarvitaM tyaktaM vA bhuvi nIrasena manasA tatra vyathAM mA kRthAH / he sadratna ! tavaitadeva kuzalaM yadvAnareNAdarA dantaHsAravilokana vyasaninA cUrNIkRtaM nAzmanA // atra vAnarasya cApaladoSeNa ratnasya cUrNanAbhAvo guNatvena varNitaH / atra prathama caturthayorullA so'nvarthaH / madhyamayozLa trinyAyena lAkSaNikaH / / 133 - 135 // diyA, to isameM bhauroM kA kyA bigar3A ? yaha to hAthI ke hI kapolamaNDala kI zobhA kI hAni huI, bhauMre to phira kahIM kisI khile kamala vAle sarovara meM vihAra karane lagate haiM / ( yahAM kavi ne gaja-bhramaragata aprastuta vyApAra ke dvArA kudAtR - yAcakagata prastuta vyApAra kI vyaMjanA kI hai| ataH aprastutaprazaMsA bhI alaMkAra hai / ) yahAM 'bhauMre hAthI ke kapolamaNDala kI zobhA haiM' isa guNa ke dvArA 'hAthI ke dvArA unakA tiraskAra' rUpa doSa varNita kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha ullAsa kA tIsarA bheda hai / ( kisI ke doSa ke dvArA dUsare ke guNa ke varNana kA udAharaNa ) koI kavi kI maNi se kaha rahA hai / he maNi (sadratna ), bandara ke hAtha par3ane para usane pahale tumheM sU~gha, phira cUmA, phira cATA, phira mu~ha meM dAMtoM se cabAyA, jaba koI svAda na AyA to nIrasa mana se jamIna para pheMka diyA, isa saMbaMdha meM tumheM isa bAta kA duHkha karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM ki bandara tumhArI kadra na kara sakA / he maNi, yoM kaho ki yaha tumhArI khaira thI ki bandara ne tumhArI kevala itanI hI parIkSA kI tathA tumhAre ke bhAga ko dekhane kI icchA se tumheM patthara se cUrNa-vicUrNa na kara DAlA / andara ( koI yogya vyakti ayogya parIkSaka ke hAthoM samucita vyavahAra nahIM prApta karatA aura isake lie duHkha karatA hai, use sAnvanA detA kavi kahatA hai ki yaha to parIkSaka kI ayogyatA ke kAraNa haiM, svayaM usakI ayogyatA ke kAraNa nahIM / yadi bandara maNi kA mUlya na jAne to isameM maNi kA kyA doSa? isa padya meM aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra bhI hai ) yahAM bandara kI capalatA ke doSa kA varNana kara usake dvArA maNi ke cUrNa-vicUrNa na karane rUpI guNa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha ullAsa kA cauthA bheda hai / ina cAroM prakAra ke ullAsa meM saccA ullAsa prathama tathA caturtha bheda meM ( guNa ke dvArA guNa ke tathA doSa ke dvArA guNa ke varNana meM ) hI pAyA jAtA hai| bAkI do bheda dvitIya tathA tRtIya meM ullAsa nAmaka saMjJA kevala lAkSaNika hai, ThIka vaise hI jaise kaI loga jA rahe hoM tathA unameM kucha ke pAsa chAtA ho to hama kahate haiM 've chAte vAle jA rahe haiM (chatriNo. yAnti) aura isa prakAra chAte vAloM ke sAtha jAte binA chAte vAloM ke lie bhI 'chatriNaH' kAlAkSaNika prayoga kara baiThate haiM / bhAva yaha hai, bIca ke do bheda ( doSa se doSa tathA guNa se doSa vAle bheda) kevala lAkSaNika dRSTi se ullAsa hai, kyoMki vahAM anyavastu kA guNa varNita na hokara doSa varNita hotA hai / 15 kuva0

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226 kuvalayAnandaH alana 70 avajJAlaGkAraH tAbhyAM tau yadi na syAtAmavajJAlaMkRtistu sA / svalpamevAmbu labhate prasthaM prApyApi sAgaram // mIlanti yadi padmAni kA hAniramRtadyuteH // 136 // tAbhyAM guNadoSAbhyAm / tau guNadoSau / atra kasyacidguNenAnyasya guNAdvitIyArdhamudAharaNam / doSeNa doSasyAprAptau tRtIyArdham | yathA maduktizcedantarmadayati sudhIbhUya sudhiyaH kimasyA nAma syAdarase puruSAnAdarabharaiH / yathA yUnastadvatparamaramaNIyApi ramaNI kumArANAmantaHkaraNaharaNaM naiva kurute || TippaNI- kucha vidvAn ullAsa ko bhinna alaMkAra nahIM maante| eka dala isakA samAveza kAvyaliMga meM karatA hai, to dUsarA dala ise kevala laukikArthaM mAna kara isameM alaMkAratva kA hI niSedha karatA hai / ( 'kAvyaliMgena gatArtho'yam, nAlaMkArAntaratvabhUmimArohati' ityeke / 'laukikArthamayasvAdanalaMkAra eva' ityapare / ) ( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 685 ) 70. avajJA alaMkAra 136-avajJA vastutaH ullAsa kA hI ulaTA alaMkAra hai| jahAM kisI eka ke guNadoSa ke kAraNa kramazaH dUsare ke guNa-doSa kA lAbha na ho, vahAM avajJA alaMkAra hotA hai / ( isake do bheda hoMge kisI eka ke guNa ke kAraNa dUsare kA guNAlAbha, kisI eka ke doSa ke kAraNa dUsare kA doSAlAbha, inhIM ke kramazaH udAharaNa ye haiM ) (1) sAgara meM jAkara bhI prastha pAtra jitanA thor3A sA pAnI hI milatA hai / (2) yadi candramA ke udaya hone para kamala baMda ho jAte haiM, to isameM candramA kI kyA hAni ? kArikA ke 'tAbhyAM' kA artha hai 'guNa aura doSa ke dvArA', tathA 'tau' kA artha 'guNa tathA doSa' / yahAM kisI eka ke guNa ke dvArA dUsare ko guNa kI prApti na hone vAle avajJA bheda kA udAharaNa kArikA kA dvitIyArdha (svalpa ityAdi ) hai / kisI eka ke doSa se dUsare ke doSa kI prApti na hone vAle avajJAbheda kA udAharaNa kArikA kA tRtIyArdha ( mIlanti 0 ityAdi ) hai / isake anya udAharaNa ye haiM : : mahAkavi zrIharSa apanI kavitA ke viSaya meM kaha rahe haiM / yadi merI ukti amRta * banakara buddhimAnoM ke hRdaya ko masta banAtI hai, to nIrasa vyakti isakA anAdara karate raheM, isase kyA ? atyadhika sundarI strI bhI yuvakoM ke hRdaya ko jitanA AkRSTa karatI haiM; utanA bAlakoM ke antaHkaraNa ko nahIM / yahAM kavitA tathA ramaNI ke sauMdarya guNa ke dvArA arasa vyakti tathA bAlaka ke Sarita aafa kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha avajJA kA prathama bheda hai /

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anujJAlaGkAraH 227 J tvaM cetsaMcarase dRSeNa laghutA kA nAma digdantinAM vyAlaiH kaGkaNabhUSaNAni kuruSe hAni hemnAmapi / mUrdhanyaM kuruSe jalAMzumayazaH kiM nAma lokatrayI dIpasyAmbujabAndhavasya jagatAmIzo'si kiM brUmahe / / atrAye kavitAramaNIgaNAbhyAmarasabAlakayohRdayollAsarUpagaNAbhAvo va.. rnnitH| dvitIye paramezvarAnaGgIkaraNadoSeNa diggajAdInAM laghutAdidoSAbhAvo varNitaH / / 136 // 71. anuzAlaGkAraH doSasyAbhyarthanAnujJA tatraiva guNadarzanAt / vipadaH santu naH zazvadyAsu saMkIrtyate hariH // 137 // yathA vA mayyeva jIrNatAM yAtu yattvayopakRtaM hare ! / naraH pratyupakArArthI vipattimabhikAGkati / / iyaM hanumantaM prati rAghavasyoktiH / atra pratyupakArAbhAvo doSastadabhyupagame ___ koi kavi mahAdeva se kaha rahA hai| he mahAdeva, agara tuma baila para baiTha kara ghUmate ho to isase diggaja choTe nahIM ho jAte, agara tuma sAMpoM ke kaMkaNa vA AbhUSaNa dhAraNa karate ho to isameM svarNAbhUSaNoM kI kyA hAni hai, yahi tuma candramA (jaDAMzu-mUrkha) ko sira para dhAraNa karate ho, to isameM trilokI ke prakAza sUrya kA kyA doSa ? kahAM taka kaheM, Apa phira bhI tInoM lokoM ke svAmI haiM, hama kyA kaha sakate haiM ? yahAM mahAdeva ke dvArA diggajAdi ke aMgIkAra na karane ke doSa ke dvArA diggajAdi ke laghutAdi doSa kA abhAva varNita kiyA gayA hai| kucha AlaMkArika ise pRthaka alaMkAra na mAnakara vizeSokti meM hI isakA antarbhAva karate haiN| vizeSoktyaiva gatArthatvAdavajJA nAlaMkArAntaramityapi vadanti / ( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 686) 71. anujJA alaMkAra 137-jahAM kisI doSa kI icchA isalie kI jAya ki usameM kisI vizeSa guNa kI sthiti hai, vahAM anujJA alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, (koI bhakta kahatA hai) hameM sadA vipattiyoM kA sAmanA karanA par3e to acchA, kyoMki unameM bhagavAn kA kIrtana hotA hai| __ yahAM vipattiyoM ( doSa) kI abhyarthanA isalie kI jAtI ha ki unameM bhagavadbhajanarUpI guNa vidyamAna hai| athavA jaise nimna udAharaNa meM rAmacandra hanumAn se kaha rahe haiM-he hanumAn , tumane jo upakAra kiyA, vaha mere lie pratyupakAra kI akSamatA dhAraNa kre| pratyupakAra kI icchA karane vAlA vyakti vipatti kI AkAMkSA karatA hai| yaha rAmakI hanumAna ke prati ukti hai| yahAM pratyupakArAbhAva doSa hai, isa doSa kI icchA kA kAraNa yaha hai ki isameM vipatti kI AkAMkSA na honA rUpa guNa pAyA jAtA hai|

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228 kuvalayAnandaH ww heturguNo vipattyAkAGkSAyA aprasaktiH / sA ca vyatirekamukhapravRttena sAmAnyena vizeSasamarthanarUpeNArthAntaranyAsena darzitA / yathA vA vraje bhavadantikaM prakRtimetya paizAcikIM kimityamarasampadaH pramathanAtha ! nAthAmahe / bhavadbhava nadehalI vikaTatuNDadaNDAha kruTamukuTa koTibhirmaghavadAdibhibhUyate / / 137 || yaha vipatti kI AkAMkSA kA na honA vyatirekasaraNi se varNita sAmAnya ke dvArA vizeSa ke samarthana vAle arthAMtaranyAsa se pradarzita kiyA gayA hai| bhAva yaha hai, yahAM pratyupakAra vipatti kI AkAMkSA nahIM karatA isa bAta ko vaidharmya anujJA kA hI dUsarA udAharaNa yaha hai : kI icchA na karane vAlA vyakti zailI meM varNita kiyA gayA hai| koI bhakta ziva se prArthanA kara rahA hai :- he pramathanAtha ziva, hamArI to yahI kAmanA hai ki pizAca ke svarUpa ko prApta kara Apa ke hI samIpa rheN| hama devatAoM kI saMpatti kI yAcanA kyoM kareM ? indrAdi bar3e bar3e devatA bhI Apake nivAsasthAna kI dehalI para baiThe gaNezajI ke daNDoM kI coTa se jIrNa-zIrNa mukuTa vAle hote rahate haiM / arthAt jinake bhavana kI dehalI se bhI Age bar3e bar3e devatA nahIM pahu~ca pAte, una bhagavAn ziva ke samIpa hama pizAca banakara rahanA bhI pasanda kareMge / yahAM 'pizAca bananA' yaha eka doSa hai, kiMtu zivabhakta kavi ne isakI isalie icchA kI hai ki isase zivasAmIpya rUpa guNa kI prApti hotI hai / TippaNI- anujJA. alaMkAra ke bAda paNDitarAja ugannAtha ne eka anya alaMkAra kA ullekha kiyA hai, jisakA saMketa kuvalayAnanda meM nahIM milatA / yaha alaMkAra hai - tirskaar| jisa sthAna para kisI vizeSa doSa ke kAraNa guNatva se prasiddha vastu ke prati bhI dveSa pAyA jAtA ho, vahA~ tiraskAra alaMkAra hotA hai / ( doSavizenAnubandhAdguNatvena prasiddhasyApi dveSastiraskAraH / ) isakA udAharaNa nimna padya hai, jahA~ rAjAoM ke samAna vizAla aizvarya rUpa prasiddha guNa ke prati bhI afa kA dveSa isalie pAyA jAtA hai ki usake kAraNa bhagavAn ke caraNoM kI upAsanA asta ho jAtI hai tathA yaha doSavizeSa vahAM vidyamAna hai: zriyo me mA santu kSaNamapi ca mAdyadgajaghaTAmadabhrAmyadbhRMgAvalimadhura saMgIta subhagAH / nimagnAnAM yAsu draviNarasa paryAkulahRdAM saparyAsaukarya haricaraNayorastamayate // tiraskAra alaMkAra kA varNana karate samaya paNDitarAja ne kuvalayAnandakAra ke dvArA isa alaMkAra kA saMketa na karane kI ora bhI kaTAkSapAta kiyA hai| sAtha hI ve yaha bhI kahate haiM ki appayadIkSita ke dvArA anujJA ke prakaraNa meM udAhRta 'brajema bhavadantikaM' ityAdi padya ke 'kimityamarasaMpadaH' isa aMza meM tiraskAra alaMkAra ko mAnane meM bhI koI Apatti nahIM jAna par3hatI ( amuM ca tiraskAramalakSayitvA'nujJAM lakSayataH kuvalayAnandakRto vismaraNameva zaraNam / anyathA 'bhavadbhavanadehalI' iti tadudAhRtapadye 'kimityamarasaMpadaH' ityaMze tiraskArasya sphuraNAnApatteH / (rasagaMgAdhara pR. 687.)

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lezAlaGkAraH 72 lezAlaGkAraH lezaH syAddoSaguNayorguNadoSatvakalpanam / akhileSu vihaGgeSu inta svacchandacAriSu || zuka ! paJjarabandhaste madhurANAM girAM phalam // 138 // doSasya guNatvakalpanaM guNasya doSatvakalpanaM ca lezaH / udAharaNam - rAjJo' bhimate viduSi putre ciraM rAjadhAnyAM pravasati taddarzanotkaNThitasya gRhe sthitasya piturvacanamaprastutaprazaMsArUpam / tatra prathamArdhe itaravihagAnAmavakRtva doSasya svacchandacaraNAnukUlatayA guNatvaM kalpitam / dvitIyArdhe madhurabhASitvasya guNasya paJjarabandhahetutayA doSatvaM kalpitam / na cAtra vyAjastutirAzaGkanIyA / na hyatra vihagAntarANAM stutivyAjena nindAyAM zukasya nindAvyAjena stuto ca tAtparyam, kintu putradarzanotkaNThitasya piturdoSaguNayorguNadoSatvAbhimAna evAtra zloke nibaddhaH / yathA vA santaH saccaritodayavyasaninaH prAdurbhavadyantraNAH sarvatraiva janApavAdaca kitA jIvanti duHkhaM sadA / avyutpannamatiH kRtena na satA naivAsatA vyAkulo yuktAyuktavivekazUnyahRdayo dhanyo janaH prAkRtaH / / 226 72. leza alaMkAra 138 - jahA~ doSa tathA guNa ko kramazaH guNa tathA doSa ke rUpa meM kalpita kiyA jAya, vahA~ leza nAmaka alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, he tote, anya sabhI pakSiyoM ke svacchandacArI hone para tuma piMjare meM banda kara diye jAte ho, yaha tumhArI mIThI vANI kA phala hai / doSa kI guNasvakalpanA aura guNa kI doSatvakalpanA ko leza kahate haiM / isakA udA haraNa 'a khileSu' Adi hai, jisameM kisI pitA kA vidvAn putra isalie rAjadhAnI meM raha rahA hai, ki vaha rAjA ko priya hai, use dekhakara usake darzana se utkaNThita pitA ke dvArA apane putra ke prati aprastutaprazaMsArUpa ukti hai / isa ukti ke prathamArdha meM dUsare pakSiyoM ke madhura vANI na bolane ke doSa ko svacchanda vicaraNa karane ke guNa ke rUpa meM varNita kiyA gayA hai / dvitIyArdha meM zuka ke madhura bhASaNa rUpa guNa ko piMjare meM ba~dha jAne ke hetu rUpa doSa ke rUpa meM varNita kiyA gayA hai / isa padya meM vyAjastuti alaMkAra nahIM samajhanA caahie| vastutaH yahA~ kavi kA tAtparya anya pakSiyoM kI stuti ke byAja se nindA karane tathA zuka kI nindA ke vyAja se stuti karane meM nahIM haiM apitu putradarzana se utkaNThita pitA ke dvArA doSa guNa ko kramazaH guNa doSa ke rUpa meM varNita karanA hI yahA~ kavi kA abhISTa hai / athavA jaise saccaritratA ke udaya kI icchA vAle tathA isIlie sadA dukhI rahane vAle sajjana loga, jo sadA logoM ke dvArA kI gaI nindA se DarA karate haiM, bar3e dukha va kaSTa ke sAtha jIvana yApana karate haiM / vastutaH saubhAgyazAlI to vaha prAkRta ( ajJAnI) puruSa hai, jo

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230 kuvalayAnandaH 1 PostaldAjahAra ( kAvyA0 2 / 269 ) - 'yuvaiSa guNavAn rAjA yogyaste patirUrjitaH / raNotsave manaH saktaM yasya kAmotsavAdapi // capalo nirdayazcAsau janaH kiM tena me sakhi ! | AgaH prayArjanAyaiva cATavo yena zikSitAH // ' atrAdyazloke rAjJo vIryotkarSastutiH / kanyAyA nirantaraM sambhoganirvivartiyA doSatvena pratibhAsatAmityabhipretya vidagdhayA sakhyA rAjaprakopaparijihIrSayA sa eva doSo guNatvena varNitaH / uttarazloke sakhIbhirupadiSTaM mAnaM kartumazaktayApi tAsAmagrato mAnaparigrahaNAnuguNyaM pratijJAya tadanirvAhamAzaGkamAnayA sakhInAmupahAsaM parijihIrSantyA nAyikayA nAyakasya cATukAritAguNa eva doSatvena varNitaH / na cAdyazloke stutirnindA paryavasAyinI, dvitIyazloke ca nindA stutiparyavasAyinIti vyAjastutirAzaGkanIyA / rAjaprakopAdiparihArArthamiha nindAstutyoranyAviditatayA lezata evodghATanena tato vizeSAditi / vastutastu - mauke kI bAta ko nahIM soca pAtA, jo acche yA bure kAma se vyAkula nahIM hotA aura jisakA hRdaya bhale-bure ke jJAna se zUnya rahatA hai / yahA~ sajjana vyakti ke saccarita-vyasana ko, jo guNa hai, doSa batAyA gayA hai tathA prAkRta jana kI vivekazUnyatA ke doSa ko guNa batAyA gayA hai, ataH leza alaGkAra hai / daNDI ne leza alaGkAra kA nimna udAharaNa diyA hai| :- 1 koI sakhI kisI rAjakumArI se kaha rahI haiH- he rAjakumArI, yaha vIra guNavAn yuvaka rAjA tumhArA pati banane yogya hai / isakA mana kAmotsava se bhI adhika raNotsava meM Asakta rahatA hai / ( isa padya meM sakhI rAjA ke guNa batAkara rAjakumArI ko usake isa doSa kA saMketa kara rahI hai ki vaha sadA yuddhAdi meM vyasta rahegA / ) koI nAyikA aparAdhI nAyaka kI ora se minnateM karatI sakhI se kaha rahI hai : he sakhi, yaha to bar3hA caJcala va nirdaya hai, usase mujhe kyA ? isane to ye sArI cApalUsiyA~ aparAdha kA saMzodhana karane ke lie sIkha rakhI haiM / ( yahA~ nAyaka kI cATukAritA ke guNa ko doSa ke rUpa meM varNita kiyA gayA hai | ) daNDI dvArA udAhRta ina zlokoM meM prathama zloka meM rAjA kI vIratA kI stuti hai / para catura sakhI ne rAjA ke kopa ko bacAne ke lie usake doSa ko guNa banAkara varNita kiyA hai| vaise sakhI kA abhipreta Azaya yaha hai ki rAjakumArI yaha samajha le ki vaha rAjA sadA sambhogAdi se udAsIna rahatA hai, ataH isa doSa se yukta hai| dUsare zloka meM sakhiyoM ke dvArA aparAdhI nAyaka se mAna karane kI zikSA dI gaI nAyikA aparAdhI nAyaka se mAna nahIM kara pAtI kintu phira bhI sakhiyoM ke sAmane isa bAta kI pratijJA karatI hai ki vaha mAna kregii| vaise use isa bAta kI AzaMkA hai ki vaha mAna na kara pAthrugI, isalie sakhiyoM ke ha~sI majAka se bacane kI icchA se nAyaka ke cATukAritA *guNa kA doSa ke rUpa meM varNana karatI hai| prathama zloka meM nindA ke rUpa meM pariNata stuti i tathA dvitIyazloka meM stuti ke rUpa meM pariNata nindA hai, aisA samajhakara ina udAharaNoM 1

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lezAlaGkAraH 231 iha vyAjastutisadbhAve'pi na doSaH / na hyetAvatA lezamAtrasya vyAjastutyanta. rbhAvaH prasajjate; tadasaMkIrNayorapi lezodAharaNayordarzitatvAt / nApi vyAjastu: timAtrasya lezAntarbhAvaH prasajjate; bhinnaviSayavyAjastutyudAharaNeSu 'kastvaM vAnara ! rAmarAjabhavane lekhArthasaMvAhakaH', 'yadvaktraM muhurIkSase na dhaninAM brUSe na cATUnmRSA' ityAdiSu doSaguNIkaraNasya guNadoSIkaraNasya cAbhAvAt / tatrAnya. guNadoSAbhyAmanyatra guNadoSayoHpratIteH / / viSayaikye'pi 'indorlakSma tripurajayinaH kaNThamUlaM murAri diGnAgAnAM madajalamaSIbhAJji gaNDasthalAni / adyApyurvIvalayatilaka ! zyAmalimnAnuliptA- . nyAbhAsante vada dhavalitaM kiM yazobhistvadIyaiH // ' ityAdyudAharaNeSu lezAsparzanAt / atra hIndulakSmAdInAM dhavalIkaraNAbhAvadoSa eva guNatvena na paryavasati, kintu parisaMkhyArUpeNa tato'nyatsarva dhavalitamityato guNaH pratIyate / kaciyAjastutyudAharaNe guNadoSIkaraNasattve'pi stuteviSayAntaramapi dRzyate / meM vyAjastuti alaMkAra kI zaMkA nahIM karanI caahie| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki yahA~ rAjA ke kopa tathA sakhiyoM kI ha~sI se chuTakArA tabhI ho sakatA hai, jaba ki nindA stuti kA patA dUsaroM ko na cala pAya, ataH yahA~ leza ke dvArA hI svamantavya prakaTita kiyA gayA hai vase yahA~ vyAjastuti alakAra bhI mAna liyA jAya, to koI harja nahIM / kintu isase leza alaGkAra kA vyAjastuti meM samAveza nahIM ho jAtA, kyoMki leza ke kaI aise bhI udAharaNa diye jA sakate haiM, jahAM vyAjastuti kA saGkara nahIM pAyA jaataa| na vyAjastuti ko hI leza meM samAviSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai| kyoMki aise udAharaNoM meM jahAM bhinna viSaya vyAjastuti pAI jAtI hai (jahAM kisI eka kI nindA se kisI dUsare kI stuti yA kisI eka kI stuti se kisI dUsare kI nindA pratIta hotI hai)/ vahAM guNa kA doSIkaraNa tathA doSa kA guNIkaraNa nahIM pAyA jAtA, jaise 'kastvaM vAnara rAmarAjabhavane lekhArthasaMvAhaka' tathA 'yadvaktraM muhurIkSase na dhaninAM brUSe na cAnmRSA' ina pUrvodAhRta padyoM meM, kyoMki vahA~ to kisI eka ke guNadoSa se kisI dUsare ke guNadoSa kI pratIti hotI hai| ___ kaI sthAnoM para viSayaikya hone para bhI vyAjastuti meM leza kA sparza nahIM hotA, jaise nimna udAharaNa meM koI kavi nindA ke vyAja se kisI rAjA kI stuti kara rahA hai / he rAjan , candramA kA kalaGka, tripuravijayI ziva kA kaNTha, viSNu kA zarIra, diggajoM ke madajala kI kAlimA vAle gaNDasthala kAlimA se yukta haiM, batAo to sahI, tumhAre yaza ne kisa kisa vastu ko dhavalita kiyA ? __ yahA~ candramA kA kalaGka Adi vastuoM ke sapheda na banAye jAne kA (dhavalIkaraNAbhAva kA) doSa guNa ke rUpa meM paryavasita nahIM hotA, api tu niSedharUpa meM pratIta hotA hai, ataH isase isa anya guNa kI pratIti hotI hai ki inase atirikta anya samasta saMsAra

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232 kuvalayAnandaH yathA sarvadA sarvado'sIti mithyA saMstUyase budhaiH / nArayo lebhire pRSThaM na vakSaH parayoSitaH / / atra hi vAcyayA nindayA parisaMkhyArUpeNa tato'nyatsarvamarthinAmabhimataM dInArAdi dIyate iti stutyantaramapi pratIyate / evaM ca yeSUdAharaNeSu 'kaste zauryamado yoddham' ityAdiSu guNadoSAdiSu guNadoSIkaraNAdikameva vyAjastutirUpa. tayAvatiSThate, tatra lezavyAjastutyoH sNkro'stu| itthameva hi vyAjastutyapra. stutaprazaMsayorapi prAk saMkaro varNitaH / / 138 // 73 mudrAlaGkAraH sUcyArthasUcanaM mudrA prakRtArthaparaiH pdaiH| nitambagurvI taruNI dRgyugmavipulA ca sA // 139 // atra nAyikAvarNanapareNa 'yugmavipulA padenAsyAnuSTubho yugmavipulAnAmatvarUpasUcyAthesUcanaM mudrA / yadyapyatra graMthe vRttanAmno nAsti sUcanIyatvaM, tathApya. syottarAdhasya lakSyalakSaNayuktacchandaHzAstramadhyapAtitvena tasya sUcanIyatvamastIti tadabhiprAyeNa lakSaNaM yojyam / evaM navaratnamAlAyAM tattadratnanAmanivezena tumhAre yaza se zveta hai| kahIM kahIM vyAjastuti ke udAharaNoM meM bhI guNa ko doSa banA diyA jAtA hai, kintu itanA hone para bhI stuti kA viSaya dUsarA vyakti bhI dekhA jAtA hai / jaise koI kavi kisI rAjA kI nindA ke vyAja se prazaMsA kara rahA hai:-he rAjan , paNDita loga jhUThe hI tumhArI isa taraha stuti karate haiM ki tuma sadAsarvada (saba vastu ke denevAle) ho| para tumhAre zatruoM ne kabhI bhI tumhAre pRSTha bhAga ko prApta nahIM kiyA, na vairistriyoM ne tumhAri vakSaHsthala ko hii| ___ yahA~ nindA vAcya hai isake dvAra ina vastuoM se bhinna anya sabhI vastu ko tumane yAcakoM ko de diyA yaha stuti bhI vyaJjita hotI hai| isa prakAra jina udAharaNoM meM-jaise 'kaste zauryamado yo ' ityAdi meM-guNadoSAdi ke kevala guNadoSIkaraNAdi kI byAjastuti hai, vahA~ leza tathA vyAjastuti kA saGkara ho sakatA hai| isI taraha vyAjastuti tathA aprastutaprazaMsA kA bhI saGkara hotA hai jisakA varNana pahale kiyA jA cukA hai| 73. mudrA alaGkAra 139-prakRta viSaya ke artha se sambaddha padoM ke dvArA jahA~ sUcanIya artha kI sUcanA dI jAya, vahA~ mudrA alaGkAra hotA hai| jaise, vaha nAyikA nitambabhAga meM guru tathA netradvaya meM vizAla hai / (usa taruNI nAyikA ke nitamba bhArI tathA netra karNAntAyata haiN|) ___ yahA~ nAyikA ke lie 'dRgyugmavipulA' vizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / isa pada meM 'yugmavipulA' pada anuSTup chanda ke yugmamipulA nAmaka bheda ke sUcya artha kI bhI sUcanA kara rahA hai, ataH mudrA alaGkAra hai| yadyapi isa alakAragrantha (kArikA bhAga) meM chanda ke nAma kI sUcanA kA aisA koI saMketa nahIM hai, tathApi isake uttarArdha ke lakSya

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233 tattannAmakajAtisUcanam | nakSatramAlAyAmagnyAdidevatAnAmabhirnakSatra sUcanamityAdAvayamevAlaGkAraH / evaM nATakeSu vakSyamANArthasUcaneSvapi // 136 // 74 ratnAvalyalaGkAraH kramikaM prakRtArthAnAM nyAsaM ratnAvalIM viduH / caturAsyaH patirlakSmyAH sarvajJastvaM mahIpate ! // 140 // atra caturAsyAdipadaivarNanIyasya rAjJo brahmaviSNurudrAtmatA pratIyata iti prasiddhasahapAThAnAM brahmAdInAM krameNa nivezanaM ratnAvalI / yathA vA, - ratnAvalyalaGkAraH ratyAptapriyalAJchane kaThinatAvAse rasAliGgite prahlAdaikarase kramAdupacite bhUbhRdgurUtvApahe / kokaspardhini bhogabhAji janitAnaGge khalInonmukhe bhAti zrIramaNAvatAradazakaM bAle ! bhavatyAH stane // lakSaNayukta chandaHzAstra ke viSaya hone ke kAraNa usakI sUcanIyatA hai hI, isa prakAra lakSaNa ko tadanusAra mAnA jA sakatA hai / isI prakAra bhagavatstutiparaka nau padyoM ke saMgraha ( navaratnamAlA ) meM tattat ratnoM ke nAma kA nirdeza karane se tattat ratnajAti kI sUcanA meM bhI mudrA alaGkAra hogA / aise hI nakSatramAlA ( bhagavatstutiparaka 27 padyoM ke saMgraha ) meM, agni Adi devatAoM ke nAma kA nirdeza karane se tattat azvinI Adi nakSatroM kI 'sUcanA | meM bhI yahI alaMkAra hogaa| isI taraha nATaka meM bhI jahA~ bhaviSya meM varNanIya ( vacyamANa ) artha kI sUcanA dI jAya, mudrA alaMkAra hI hotA hai| TippaNI--- nATakasambandhI mudrA alaMkAra kA udAharaNa candrikAkAra ne anardharAghava ke prastAvanAbhAga kI sUtradhAra kI nimna ukti dI hai, jahA~ vakSyamANa rAmarAvaNavRttAnta kI sUcanA pAI jAtI hai : : yAnti nyAyapravRttasya tiryaJco'pi sahAyatAm / apanthAnaM tu gacchantaM sodaro'pi vimuJcati // 74. ratnAvalI alaGkAra 140 - jahA~ prakRta 'arthoM ko prasiddha krama ke AdhAra para hI rakhA jAya, vahA~ ratnAvalI alaGkAra mAnA jAtA hai / jaise, he rAjan, tuma catura vyaktiyoM meM zreSTha (cAra mu~ha vAle ) brahmA, lakSmI ke pati viSNu, tathA sarvajJa mahAdeva ho / yahA~ caturAsya Adi padoM ke dvArA prakRta rAjA ko brahmA, viSNu tathA ziva rUpa batAyA gayA hai / yahA~ brahmA, viSNu tathA ziva kA prayoga prasiddhakrama ke anusAra kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha ratnAvalI alaGkAra hai / isI kA udAharaNa nimna hai -- koI rasika kavi kisI nAyikA ke stanoM kI prazaMsA karatA kaha rahA hai / he bAle, tere stanoM para lakSmI ke ramaNa (viSNu) ke dasa avatAra suzobhita ho rahe haiM / ( vyaMgyaH hai, tere stana zobhA (lakSmI) ke nivAsasthAna haiM / ) tumhAre stana surata ke samaya priya ke dvArA datta nakhakSatAdi cihnoM ko dhAraNa karate haiM, ( rati ke priya kAmadeva ke lAnchana matsya rUpa haiM, matsyAvatAra ) ve kaThinatA ke nivAsabhUta arthAt kaThora haiM ( kaThinatA ke

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234 kuvalayAnandaH yathA vA,lIlAbjAnAM nayanayugaladrAdhimA dattapatraH kumbhAvetau kucaparikaraH pUrvapakSIcakAra | bhrUvibhrAntirmadanadhanuSo vibhramAnanvavAdI - dvaktrajyotsnA zazadhararucaM dUSayAmAsa yasyAH // atra patradAnapUrvapakSopanyAsAnuvAdadUSaNodbhAvanAni budhajanaprasiddhakrameNa nyastAni | prasiddhasahapAThAnAM prasiddhakramAnusaraNe'pyevamevAlaMkAraH / yathA vA, 'yasya vahnimayo hRdayeSu, jalamayo locanapuTeSu, mArutamayaH zvasiteSu, kSamA AvAsabhUta kacchapa haiM, kacchapAvatAra), rasa se yukta haiM (rasA-pRthivI-ke dvArA AliGgita hai, varAhAvatAra), AnandarUpI ekamAtra rasa vAle haiM (prahlAda ke prati prIti vAle haiM, nRsiMhAvatAra), dhIre dhIre vadarAmalakAdipariNAmalAbha se bar3he haiM (krama-caraNavikSepa-ke dvArA bar3he haiM, vAmanAvatAra), parvata kI gurutA ko cunautI dene vAle haiM (rAjAoM ke gaurava kA nAza karane vAle haiM. parazurAmAvatAra), cakravAka ke samAna haiM (sItAviyoga ke kAraNa Atura hokara cakravAka se spardhA karane vAle-cakravAka ko zApa dene vAle haiM, rAmAvatAra), sukha ke dhAraNa karane vAle, sukhadAyaka haiM (bhoga (phaNoM) ko dhAraNa karane vAle haiM, zeSAvatAra balabhadra); kAmoddIpti karane vAle haiM, (zarIra ke viruddha (anaGga) mauna bhogatyAga samAdhi Adi kA AcaraNa karane vAle haiM, buddhAvatAra); tathA indriyoM (kha) meM Asakta tathA unmukha (uccUcuka) haiM (azva kI valgA ke prati unmukha hai, kalki -avtaar)| (yahA~ dasoM avatAroM kA varNana prasiddhakrama se kiyA gayA hai|) TippaNI-stanoM ko cakravAkayugala kI upamA dI jAtI hai / prasiddhakrama ke lie yaha padya dekhiye :vedAnuddharate jagannivahate bhUgolamudvibhrate daityaM dArayate baliM chalayate kSatrakSayaM kurvate / paulastyaM dalate halaM kalayate kAruNyamAtanvate ___ mlecchAnmUrcchayate dazAkRtikRte kRSNAya tubhyaM namaH // athavA jase koI kavi nAyikA ke tattadaGgoM ke upamAnoM kI bharsanA karatA kaha rahA hai| isa sundarI ke netradvaya kI dIrghatA ne lIlAkamaloM ko patradAna de diyA hai, vistRta kucayugala ne hAthI ke donoM gaNDasthaloM ko pUrvapakSa banA diyA hai, bhauMhoM ke vilAsa ne kAmadeva ke dhanuSa kI lIlAoM kA anuvAda kara diyA hai, tathA mukhakAnti ne candramA kI jyosnA ko dUSita kara diyA hai| - yahA~ patradAna, pUrvapakSa, anuvAda, dUSaNodbhAvana Adi kA usI krama se varNana kiyA gayA hai, jisa krama se ve paNDitoM meM prasiddha haiM, ataH yahA~ bhI ratnAvalI alaGkAra hai| prasiddha sahapATha (jinakA eka sAtha varNana hotA hai) arthoM ke prasiddhakrama ke anusAra varNana karane para bhI yahI alaGkAra hotA hai / jaise nimna gadyAMza meM jisa rAjA kA pratApa mAre hue zatru rAjAoM ke antaHpuroM meM paJcamahAbhUta ke rUpa meM

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tadguNAlaGkAraH mim 235 mayo'GgeSu, AkAzamayaH svAnteSu paJcamahAbhUtamayo mUrta ivAdRzyata nihatapratisAmantAntaHpureSu pratApaH / ' evamaSTalokapAlanavagrahAdInAM prasiddhasahapAThAnAM yathAkathaMcitprakRtopamAnoparaJjakatAdiprakAreNa nivezane ratnAvalyalaMkAraH / prakRtAnvayaM vinA kramikatattannAnA zleSabhaGgayA nivezane kramaprasiddharahitAnAM prasiddhasahapAThAnAM navaratnAdInAM nivezane'pyayamevAlaMkAraH // 140 // 75 tadguNAlaGkAraH tadguNaH svaguNatyAgAdanyadIyaguNagrahaH padmarAgAyate nAsAmauktikaM te'dharatviSA // 141 // yathA vA, - vIra ! tvadripuramaNI paridhAtuM pallavAni saMspRzya | na harati vanabhuvi nijakararuharu cikhacitAni pANDupatradhiyA || 141 // mUrta dikhAI par3atA thA / vaha zatru nAriyoM ke hRdaya meM agnimaya thA, unake netrapuToM meM jalamaya ( azrumaya) thA, zvAsoM meM vAyumaya thA, aGgoM meM pRthvImaya ( kSamAmaya ) ( samasta pIDA ko sahane kI kSamatA hone ke kAraNa ) thA, tathA antaHkaraNa meM AkAzamaya thA (zatrunAriyoM kA antaHkaraNa zUnya thA ) / isa prakAra spaSTa lokapAla, navagraha Adi prasiddha sahapATha vastuoM kA jahA~ prakRta ke upamAna yA uparaJjaka ke rUpa meM varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ ratnAvalI alaMkAra hotA hai / prakRta se sambaddha na hone para bhI jahA~ una una sahapATha navagrahAdi vastuoM kA zleSabhaGgI se prayoga kiyA jAya, vahA~ prasiddhakrama ke na hone para bhI yahI alaGkAra hotA hai / 75. tadguNa alaGkAra 75 - jahA~ eka padArtha apane guNa ko chor3a kara anya guNa ko grahaNa kara le, vahA~ tadguNa alaGkAra hotA hai / jaise, he sundari, tere nAka kA motI oTha kI kAnti se padmarAga maNi ho jAtA hai / (yahA~ sapheda motI apane guNa 'zvetimA' ko chor3akara bhoTha kI 'lalAI' ko grahaNa kara letA hai, ataH tadguNa alaGkAra hai / ) TippaNI- AlaMkArikoM ne apane guNa ko chor3akara apane se utkRSTa samIpavartI vastu ke guNa grahaNa ko tadguNa mAnA hai / dIkSita ne isakA pUrA saMketa nahIM kiyA hai| paNDitarAja kI paribhASA yoM haiM:- svaguNatyAgapUrvakaM svasaMnihitavastvantara sambandhiguNagrahaNaM tadguNaH / ( rasagaGgAdhara pR0 692 ) vizvanAtha ne utkRSTa vastu kA saMketa kiyA hai :- tadguNaH svaguNatyAgAdatyutkRSTaguNagrahaH / mammaTa ne bhI 'arayujjvalaguNasya' kahA hai| isakA dUsarA udAharaNa yaha hai : koI kavi kisI rAjA kI prazaMsA kara rahA hai| he vIra, vana meM vicaraNa karatI tumhArI zatruramaNiyA~ pahanane ke lie pallavoM ko hAtha se chUtI haiM, kintu apane nAkhUnoM kI zveta kAnti se pIle par3e pallavoM ko pake patte samajha kara chor3a detI haiM /

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236 kuvalayAnandaH 76 pUrvarUpAlaGkAraH punaH svaguNasaMprAptiH pUrvarUpamudAhRtam / harakaNThAMzulipto'pi zeSastvadyazasA sitaH // 142 / / yathA vA vibhinnavarNA garuDAgrajena sUryasya rathyAH paritaH sphurantyA / / ratnaiH punaryatra rucA rucaM svAmAninyire vNshkriirniilaiH|| ayameva tadguNa iti kecidvyavajahvaH / / 142 / / pUrvAvasthAnuvRttizca vikRte sati vastuni / dIpe nirvApite'pyAsIt kAJcIratnairmahanmahaH // 143 // yahA~ per3a ke hare patte rAja-zatruramaNiyoM ke nAkhUnoM kI zveta kAnti kA (utkRSTa guNa) grahaNa kara lete haiM tathA apane guNa harepana ko chor3a dete haiM, ataH tadguNa alaGkAra hai| 76. pUrvarUpa alaGkAra 142-jahA~ koI padArtha ekabAra apane guNa ko chor3a kara punaH apane guNa ko prApta kara le, vahA~ pUrvarUpa alaGkAra hotA hai| jaise, (koI kavi kisI rAjA kI prazaMsA karate kaha rahA hai) he rAjan , zeSa mahAdeva ke kaNTha kI nIla kAnti se nIlA hone para bhI tumhAre yaza ke kAraNa punaH sapheda ho gayA hai| isI kA dUsarA udAharaNa yaha hai :-.. isa raivataka parvata para jAjvalyamAna bA~sa tathA karIra ke samAna hare raGga ke ratna apanI prasaraNa zIla kAnti se una sUrya ke ghor3oM ko punaH apanI kAnti se yukta banA dete haiM, jo garuDa ke bar3e bhAI aruNa kI kAnti se mizrita raGga vAle banA diye gaye haiN| __sUrya ke ghor3e svabhAvataH hare haiM, ve aruNa kI kAnti se lAla ho jAte haiM, kintu raivataka parvata para jAjvalyamAna harinmaNiyoM kI kAnti ko grahaNa kara punaH hare hokara pUrvarUpa ko prApta karate haiM, yaha pUrvarUpa alaGkAra hai| __ kucha AlaGkArika isI alaGkAra ko tadguNa mAnate haiN| TippaNI-mammaTAcArya ne pUrvarUpa ko alaga se alaMkAra nahIM mAnA hai / ve yahA~ tadguNa hI mAnate haiN| 'vibhinnavarNA garuDAgrajena' ityAdi padya meM ve tadguNa hI mAnate haiM / ruyyaka kA bhI yahI mata haiM / (de0 alaMkArasarvasva pR0 214) ___ paNDitarAja ne ise tadguNa hI mAnA hai| ve batAte haiM ki kucha loga isake eka bheda ko pUrvarUpa mAnate haiM-imaM kecit pUrvarUpamAmananti / paNDitarAja ne tadguNa kA jo dUsarA udAharaNa diyA hai, vaha appayadIkSita ke matAnusAra pUrvarUpa kA udAharaNa hogaa| adhareNa samAgamAdradAnAmaruNimnA pihito'pi shuddhbhaavH| hasitena sitena pacamalAkhyAH punarullAsamavApa jaatpkssH|| (rasagaGgAdhara pR0 692) 143-kisI vastu ke vikRta ho jAne para bhI jahA~ pUrvAvasthA kI anuvRtti ho, vahA~ bhI pUrvarUpa alaGkAra hotA hai / jaise, (rati ke samaya) dIpaka ke bujhA dene para bhI nAyikA kI karadhanI ke ratnoM ke kAraNa mahAn prakAza banA rhaa|

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atadguNAlaGkAraH 237 lakSaNe cakArAt pUrvarUpamiti lakSyavAcakapadAnuvRttiH / yathA vA,dvAraM khaDgibhirAghRtaM bahirapi prasvinnagaNDairgajai. rantaH kaJcukibhiH sphuranmaNidharairadhyAsitA bhUmayaH / AkrAntaM mahiSIbhireva zayanaM tvadvidviSAM mandire rAjan ! saiva ciraMtanapraNayinI zUnye'pi rAjyasthitiH // 143 / / 77 atadguNAlaGkAraH saMgatAnyaguNAnaGgIkAramAhuratadguNam / ciraM rAgiNi maccitte nihito'pi na raJjasi // 144 // yathA vAgaNDAbhoge viharati madaiH picchile diggajAnAM vairistrINAM nayanakamaleSvaJjanAni prmaartti| dUsare prakAra ke pUrvarUpAlaMkAra ke lakSaNa meM cakAropAdAna ke dvArA prathama pUrvarUpAlaMkAra ke lakSaNa se 'pUrvarUpa' isa lakSyavAcaka pada kI anuvRtti jAnanA cAhiye / isI kA dUsarA udAharaNa yaha hai : koI kavi kisI rAjA kI vIratA kI prazaMsA karatA kaha rahA hai| he rAjan, tumhAre zatruoM ke hamaloM ke zUnya hone para bhI vaisI hI rAjya kI maryAdA dikhAI par3atI hai| unake daravAjoM para aba bhI khaDgI (khaDgadhArI. dvArapAla, gaiMDe pazu) khar3e rahate haiM, unake bAhara aba bhI madajalasikta hAthI jhUmate haiM, unake antaHpura meM aba bhI kaJcakI maNidhara (maNiyoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle kaJjukI, keMculI vAle saoNpa) maujUda haiM, aba bhI vahA~ kI zayyAe~ mahiSiyoM (rAniyoM, bhaiMsoM) ke dvArA AkrAnta haiN| (yahA~ zleSa ke dvArA zatrurAjAoM ke mahaloM kI pUrvAvasthAnuvRtti varNita kI gaI hai| isameM aprastutaprazaMsA alaGkAra bhI hai, jahA~ zatrurAjAoM ke mandiroM kI durdazA rUpa kArya, ke varNana ke dvArA stotavya rAjA kI vIratA rUpa kAraNa kI saMstuti vyajita kI gaI hai|) 77. atadguNa 144-jahA~ koI padArtha apane se sambaddha anya vastu ke guNa ko grahaNa na kare, vahA~, atadguNa alaGkAra hotA hai, jaise (koI nAyikA nAyaka kA anunaya karatI kaha rahI hai). tuma bahuta samaya se mere rAgI ( anurAga se yukta, lalAI se yukta) citta meM rahane para bhI prasanna (anurakta) nahIM hote| (yahA~ rAgo citta meM rahane para bhI rAgavAn na honA, sambaddha vastu ke guNa kA anaGgI. kAra hai, ataH yaha atadguNa kA udAharaNa hai|) atadguNa kA anya udAharaNa nimna hai :koI kavi AzrayadAtA rAjA kI prazaMsA kara rahA hai| TippaNI-yaha padya ekAvalIkAra vidyAnAtha kI racanA hai| he nRsiMharAja, yadyapi ApakI kIrti diggajoM ke madajala se pakkila gaNDasthala para vihAra karatI hai tathA zatrurAjAoM kI striyoM ke netrarUpI kamaloM meM kAjala ko pochatI hai,

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238 kuvalayAnandaH ___ yadyapyeSA himakarakarAdvaitasauvastikI te __ kIrti dikSu sphurati tadapi zrInRsiMhakSitIndra ! // nanu cAnyaguNenAnyatraguNodayAnudayarUpAbhyAmullAsAvajJAlaMkArAbhyAMtadguNAtadguNayoH ko bhedaH ? ucyate,-ullAsAvajJAlakSaNayorguNazabdo doSapratipakSavAcI / anyaguNenAnyatra guNodayatadanudayau ca na tasyaiva guNasya saMkramaNAsaMkramaNe, kintu sadgurUpadezena sadasacchiSyayorjJAnotpattyanutpattivattadguNajanyatvena saMbhAvitayorguNAntarayorutpattyanutpattI / tadguNAtadguNayoH punarguNazabdo rUparasagandhAdiguNavAcI / tatrAnyadIyaguNagrahaNAgrahaNe ca raktasphaTikavastramAlinyAdinyAyenAnyadIyaguNenaivAnuraJjanAnanuraJjane vivakSite / tathaiva codAharaNAni darzitAni / yadyapyavajJAlaMkRtiratadguNazca vizeSoktivizeSAveva; 'kAryAjanirvizeSoktiH sati puSkalakAraNe' iti tatsAmAnyalakSaNAkrAntatvAt / tathApyullAsatadaguNapratidvandvinA vizeSAlaMkAreNAlaMkArAntaratayA parigaNitAviti dhyeyam // 144 // tathApi candramA kI kiraNoM ke advaita kI sauvastikI ('svasti' pUchane vAlI, kuzala pUchane vAlI) banakara (candramA kI kiraNoM ke samAna ujjvala banakara) dizAoM meM bhI prakAzita ho rahI hai| (yahA~ rAjakIrti diggajoM ke madamalina gaNDasthala tathA ariramaNiyoM ke nayana. kajjala se sambaddha hone para bhI unake guNa kA grahaNa nahIM karatI, ataH yahA~ atadguNa alaGkAra hai|) ___ tadgaNa tathA atadguNa kA ullAsa evaM avajJA se kyA bheda hai, isa saMbaMdha meM pUrvapakSI prazna karatA hai:-ullAsa alaGkAra meM eka padArtha ke guNa se dUsare padArtha kA guNodaya hotA hai, avajJA meM eka padArtha ke guNa se dUsare padArtha kA guNAnudaya hotA hai, to aisI sthiti meM tadguNa tathA atadguNa kA ina alaMkAroM se kyA bheda hai ? isI kA uttara dete hue siddhAMtapakSI batAtA hai:-ullAsa tathA avajJA alaGkAroM ke lakSaNa meM jisa guNa zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, usakA artha hai 'doSa kA virodhI bhAva' / kisI eka vastu ke guNa kA anya vastu meM udaya yA anudaya honA ThIka usI guNa kA saMkramaNa yA asaMkramaNa nahIM hai, kintu jisa prakAra sadguru ke upadeza se acche ziSya meM jJAnodaya hotA hai, tathA asat ziSya meM jJAno. daya nahIM hotA, usI prakAra eka vastu ke guNa ke kAraNa kisI eka vastu meM guNa ke udaya kI saMbhAvanA ho jAtI hai (jaisA ki ullAsa alaGkAra meM pAyA jAtA hai) jaba ki anya vastu meM guNa kA udaya nahIM hotA (jaisA ki avajJA alaGkAra meM hotA hai)| isa prakAra ullAsa tathA avajJA meM guNa zabda doSa kA pratipakSI hai / tadguNa tathAatadguNa alaGkAra meM guNa zabda kA prayoga rUpa, rasa, gandha Adi guNoM kA vAcaka hai / ina alaGkAroMke lakSaNa meM anya vastuke guNa ke grahaNa yA agrahaNa kA tAtparya hai, anya vastu ke guNa se anuraMjita honA yA na honA, jaise sphaTikamaNi kisI lAla vastu ke raMga kA grahaNa kara letI hai, tathA koI vastra kisI maile kucaile vastra kI malinatA ko usake samparka mAtra se grahaNa nahIM kara letA / tadguNa tathA atadguNa ke udAharaNa bhI isI taraha ke diye gaye haiN| vaise avajJA tathA atadguNa alaGkAra to vizeSokti alaGkAra ke hI bheda haiM, kyoMki vizeSokti kA sAmAnya lakSaNa inameM ghaTita hotA hai:-'yatheSTa kAraNa ke hone para bhI jahA~ kArya na ho vahA~ vizeSokti

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wwww yathA anuguNAlaGkAraH ww 78 anuguNAlaGkAraH prAksiddhasvaguNotkarSo'nuguNaH parasaMnidheH / nIlotpalAni dadhate kaTAkSairatinIlatAm // 145 // 236 kapirapi ca kApizAyanamadamatto vRzcikeNa saMdaSTaH / api ca pizAcagrastaH kiM brUmo vaikRtaM tasya // atra kapitvajAtyA svataH siddhasya vaikRtasya madyasevAdibhirutkarSaH || 145 / / 79 mIlitAlaGkAraH mIlitaM yadi sAdRzyAdbheda eva na lakSyate / raso nAlakSi lAkSAyAzcaraNe sahajAruNe // 146 // alaGkAra hotA hai'| isa prakAra yadyapi ye donoM alaGkAra vizeSokti meM hI aMtarbhAvita ho jAte haiM, tathApi ullAsa tathA tadguNa ke virodhI hone ke kAraNa, kisI vizeSa alaGkAra ke virodhI hone ke kAraNa inheM alaga se alaGkAra mAnA gayA hai / TippaNI- paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne bhI una vidvAnoM kA mata diyA hai, jo ise vizeSokti meM hI antarbhUta mAnate hai: -- anye tu - 'sati guNAgrahaNa he tAvutkRSTaguNasaMnidhAne tadguNarUpakAryAbhAvAtmako'yamatadguNo vizeSokeravAntarabhedaH, natvalaGkArAntaram / kAryakAraNabhAvo nAtra vivakSitaH / kiMtu saMnidhAne'pi grahaNAbhAva ityetAvanmAtram / ato vizeSoktestadguNo bhinna iti tu na yuktam / saMnidhAne'pItyapinA virodho'pi vivakSita iti gamyate / anyathA jIvAtorabhAvAdalaGkArataiva na syAt / sa ca kAryakAraNabhAvAvivakSaNe na bhavatIti kathamucyate na vivakSita iti' ityapyAhuH / ( rasagaMgAdhara pR0 693 - 94 ) 78. anuguNa alaGkAra 145 - jahA~ koI vastu anya vastu kI saMnidhi ke kAraNa apane pUrvasiddhi guNa kA adhika utkarSa dhAraNa kare, vahA~ anuguNa alaGkAra hotA hai / jaise koI kavi kisI nAyikA ke karNAvataMsIkRta nIlakamaloM kI zobhA kA varNana karate kaha rahA hai, usa nAyikA ke kaTAkSoM ke kAraNa nIlakamala aura adhika nIlimA dhAraNa karate haiM / ( yahA~ nIlakamala kaTAkSoM ke samparka se pUrvasiddha nIlimA ko aura adhika dhAraNa karate haiM, ataH unake guNa kA utkarSa vivakSita hai| yahA~ anuguNa alaGkAra hai / ) jaise- koI bandara madirA ke mada meM masta ho, phira use bicchU kATa le aura usa para pizAca lagA ho, aise bandara kI burI hAlata ko kaise kahA jA sakatA hai / kapi svayaM caMcala hotA hai, vaha caMcalatA madyasevana Adi se aura bar3ha jAtI hai / isa prakAra yahA~ kapi ke guNa kA tattat vastu ke samparka ke kAraNa utkarSa vivakSita hai| 79. mIlita alaGkAra 146 - jahA~ do vastue~ itanI sadRza hoM ki unake paraspara saMzliSTa hone para sAdRzya ke kAraNa una kA bheda parilakSita na ho, vahA~ mIlita alaGkAra hotA hai, jaise usa nAyikA ke naisargika aruNimA se yukta caraNa meM lAkSArasa kA patA hI nahIM calatA /

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240 yathA vA kuvalayAnandaH mallikA mAlyabhAriNyaH sarvAGgINArdracandanAH / kSaumavatyo na lakSyante jyotsnAyAmabhisArikAH // atrAdye caraNAlaktakarasayoraruNimaguNasAmyAdbhedAnadhyavasAyaH / dvitIyo - dAharaNe candrikA bhisArikANAM dharSAlimaguNasAmyAdbhedAnadhyavasAyaH / / 146 / / 80 sAmAnyAlaGkAraH sAmAnyaM yadi sAdRzyAdvizeSo nopalakSyate / padmAkarapraviSTAnAM mukhaM nAlakSi subhruvAm || 147 // yathA vA ratnastambheSu saMkrAntapratibimbazatairvRtaH / laGkezvaraH sabhAmadhye na jJAto vAlisUnunA // ( yahA~ lAkSArasa tathA caraNa kI aruNimA sadRza hone ke kAraNa paraspara itanI saMzliSTa ho gaI hai ki unakA bheda lakSita nahIM hotA / ) athavA jaise malika kI mAlA dhAraNa kiye samasta aMgoM meM candana lagAye, zveta rezamI vastra pahane priya ke pAsa jAtI abhisArikAe~ candrikA meM parilakSita nahIM ho pAtIM / prathama udAharaNa meM caraNa tathA lAkSArasa donoM ke samAnarUpa se lAla hone ke kAraNa ( donoM ke aruNimA guNa ke sAmya ke kAraNa ) unakA bheda lupta ho gayA hai| dvitIya udAharaNa meM candrikA tathA abhisArikAoM meM samAna zveta guNa pAyA jAtA hai, ataH unakA paraspara bheda lupta ho gayA hai| TippaNI- paNDitarAja ne isakA udAharaNa yaha diyA hai, jahA~ nAyikA ke mukha kI surabhi tathA oThoM kI lalAI ke kAraNa tAMbUla kI surabhi va rAga parilakSita nahIM hote / sarasiruhodara surabhAvadharitabiMbAdhare mRgAci tava / vada vadane maNiradane tAmbUlaM kena lakSayema vayam // / 80. sAmAnya alaMkAra 146 - jahA~ aneka vastue~ atyadhika sadRza hoM tathA unake sAdRzya ke kAraNa kisI vizeSa vastu kA vyaktibhAna hone para bhI vizeSa bhAna na ho sake, vahA~ sAmAnya alaGkAra hotA hai / jaise, tAlAva meM nahAne ke lie dha~sI huI nAyikAoM ke mukha, kamaloM meM mila ' jAne ke kAraNa dikhAI nahIM par3ate the / ( yahA~ kamaloM ke sAdRzya ke kAraNa subhrumukha kA vizeSa bhAna nahIM ho pAtA, ataH sAmAnya alaGkAra hai / ) athavA jaise-- vAliputra aMgada sabhA meM baiThe vAstavika laMkezvara ko isalie na pahacAna pAyA ki vaha ratastambhoM meM pratibiMbita saikar3oM pratibiMboM se yukta thA / isalie aMgada biMva tathA 'pratibiMba kA bheda na kara pAyA /

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sAmAnyAlaGkAra 242 mIlitAlaMkAre ekenAparasya bhinnasvarUpAnavabhAsarUpaM mIlanaM kriyate, sAmAnyAlaMkAre tu bhinnasvarUpAvabhAse'pi vyAvartanavizeSo nopalakSyata iti bhedH| mIlitodAharaNe hi sahajAruNyAJcaraNAdervastvantaratvenAgantukaM yAvakAruNyaM na bhAsate / sAmAnyodAharaNe tu padmAnAM mukhAnAM ca vyaktyantaratayA bhAnamastyeva | yathA rAvaNadehasya tatpratibimbAnAM ca, kiMtvidaM padmamidaM mukhamayaM bimbo'yaM pratibimba iti vizeSaH paraM nopalakSyate / ata eva bhedatirodhAnAnmIlitaM, tadatirodhAne'pi sAmyena vyAvartakAnavabhAse sAmAnyam, ityubhayorapyanva thatA / kecittu vastudvayasya lakSaNasAmyAttayoH kenacidalIyasA tadanyasya sva. rUpatirodhAne mIlitaM, svarUpapratItAvapi guNasAmyAbhedatirodhAne sAmAnyam / evaM ca apAGgatarale dRzau taralavakravarNA giro vilAsabharamantharA gatiratIva kAntaM mukham / iti sphuritamaGgake mRgahazAM svato lIlayA tadatra na madodayaH kRtapado'pi saMlakSyate // isa saMbandha meM mIlita tathA sAmAnya ke bheda kA nirdeza karanA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| mIlita alaGkAra meM eka vastu dRsarI vastu se itanI ghulamila jAtI hai ki unake bhinna svarUpa kA AbhAsa bhI lupta ho jAtA hai| sAmAnyAlaGkAra meM ThIka yahI bAta nahIM hotI, yahA~ do yA aneka vastuoM ke bhinna svarUpa kA AbhAsa hotA hai (vaha lupta nahIM hotA,) kiMtu unako eka dUsare bhinna siddha karane vAlA vyAvartaka dharma parilakSita nahIM hotaa| isa bheda ko aura adhika spaSTa karane ke lie donoM ke udAharaNoM meM kyA antara hai, ise batAte haiN| mIlita ke udAharaNa meM hama dekhate haiM ki caraNAdi kI svAbhAvika aruNimA ke kAraNa anya vastu ke rUpa meM Agantuka mahAvara kI aruNimA parilakSita nahIM hotI, ataH yahA~ bhinna svarUpa kA AbhAsa nahIM hotaa| sAmAnya ke udAharaNa meM kamala tathA mukha kA alaga alaga vyakti ke rUpa bhinna svarUpa kA AbhAsa to hotA hI hai, jaise rAvaNa ke deha tathA usake pratibiMboM kA alaga alaga vyakti bhAna hotA hI hai, kiMtu yaha kamala hai, yaha mukha hai, yaha rAvaNa kA deha (biMba) hai, yaha pratibiMba hai, isa prakAra vizeSa bhAna nahIM hotaa| isalie jahA~ do vastuoM ke sAdRzya ke kAraNa unake sambaddha hone para unakA bheda chipa jAya vahA~ mIlita hotA hai| jahA~ yaha bheda na chipe, kintu sAmya ke kAraNa unako alaga alaga karane vAlA vyAvartaka dharma parilakSita na ho, vahA~ sAmAnya hotA hai, isa prakAra donoM kA nAmakaraNa bhI sArthaka tathA apane lakSaNa ke anukUla hai| kucha logoM ke matAnusAra mIlita tathA sAmAnya meM yaha bheda hai ki jahA~ do vastuoM meM samAna lakSaNa hone se una meM koI balavAn vastu nirbala vastu ke svarUpa. ko tirohita kara de, vahA~ mIlita alaGkAra hotA hai, tathA jahA~ do vastuoM kI svarUpapratIti to ho, kiMtu guNasAmya ke kAraNa unakA bheda tirohita ho jAya, vahA~ sAmAnya alakAra hotA hai| isa mata ke mAnane para nimna padya meM mIlita alakAra hogaa| ___ 'jaba isa mRganayanI ke aMgapratyaMga meM svayaM hI lIlA kA sphuraNa ho rahA hai, kyoMki isa kI A~kheM atyadhika caMcala hai, bolI mIThI tathA vakrimA yukta hai, gati vilAsa ke bhAra 16 kuva0

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242 kuvalayAnandaH ityatra mIlitAlaMkAraH / atra hi zaktAralyAdInAM nArIvapuSaH sahajadharmatvAnmadodayakAyetvAzca tadubhayasAdhAraNyAdutkRSTatAralyAdiyoginA vapuSA madodayasya svarUpameva tirodhIyate / liGgasAdhAraNyena tajjJAnopAyAbhAvAt / 'mallikAmAla. bhAriNyaH' ityAdiSu tu sAmAnyAlakAra ityaahuH| tanmate 'padmAkarapraviSTAnAM' ityAdau bhedAdhyavasAye'pi vyAvartakAsphuraNenAlaGkArAntareNa bhAvyaM, sAmAnyA. lahArAvAntarabhedena vA / pUrvasminmate svarUpatirodhAne'laGkArAntareNa bhAvyaM mIlitAvAntarabhedena vA // 147 // , se manthara hai tathA mukha manohara laga rahA hai, taba bhalAmadapAna kI sthiti kA patA hI kaise laga sakatA hai| ___ yahA~ niyoM ke zarIra meM netradhAcalyAdi kI sthiti usakA sahaja dharma hai, aura unameM mada kA sabAra karane vAlI hai, ina donoM samAna guNoM ke kAraNa ramaNI ke tAralyAdi se yukta aGgoM ke dvArA madapAna kA prabhAva svataH tirohita ho jAtA hai| kyoMki samAnadharma (liMga) ke hone kAraNa madodaya ke jJAna kA koI upAya nahIM hai / 'apAGgatarale hazau' ityAdi meM mIlita alakAra mAnane vAle AlaGkArika (mammaTAdi) appayadIkSita ke dvArA mIlita ke prasaGga meM udAhRta 'mallikAmAladhAriNyaH padya meM sAmAnya alaGkAra maaneNge| unake mata se 'panAkarapraviSTAnAM' ityAdi udAharaNa meM bheda ke lupta hone para bhI koI vyAvartaka dharma kA patA nahIM calatA, ataH yaha sAmAnya se bhinna koI dUsarA alaGkAra hai, athavA yaha sAmAnya kA hI dUsarA bheda hai| kArikA vAlA (candrAlokakAra jayadeva tathA appaya dIkSita ko bhI abhISTa) pUrva mata isase bhinna hai, inake mata meM 'apAGgatarale dRzau' vAle udAharaNa meM 'mIlitaM yadi sAdRzyAt' vAlI paribhASA ThIka nahIM baiThatI, ataH vahA~ yA to mIlita se bhinna koI dUsarA alaGkAra hogA, yA phira vahA~ mIlita kA dUsarA bheda mAnanA hogaa| bhAva yaha hai, mIlita tathA sAmAnya ke viSaya meM AlaGkArikoM ke do dala haiN| kucha AlaGkArika (mammaTAdi) 'apAGgatarale' Adi padya meM mIlita alaGkAra mAnate haiM, 'mallikAmAladhAriNyaH' meM sAmAnya; dUsare alaGkArika (jayadevAdi) 'apAGgatarale' Adi meM sAmAnya mAnate haiM, 'mallikAmAladhAriNyaH' meM mIlita / TippaNI-ina donoM matoM kA spaSTa bheda yaha hai ki prathama matAnuyAyI jahA~ do vastuoM ke svarUpa zAna hone para bhI sAdRzya ke kAraNa bheda kI apratIti ho, vahA~ mIlita mAnate haiM, jaba ki dvitIya matAnuyAyI kevala sAdRzya ke kAraNa bheda kI apratIti, itane bhara ko mIlita kA lakSaNa mAnate haiM / vaiSanAtha ne candrikA meM isa bheda ko spaSTa kiyA hai: svarUpato jJAyamAne sAdRzyAbhedAgrahaNaM mIlitamityaGgIkAre prathamaH pkssH| sArayAdabhedAgrahaNamityetAvanmAtramIlitalakSaNAGgIkAre dvitIya iti bhaavH|| (pR0 165) prathama mata kAvyaprakAzakAra mammaTAcArya kA hai| appayadIkSita ne ukta mata kA saMketa karate samaya mammaTa ke hI mata kA ullekha kiyA hai tathA unhIM kA udAharaNa diyA hai| mammaTa kA mIlita kA lakSaNa yaha hai : samena chakmaNA vastu vastunA yannigUyate / nijenAgantunA vApi tanmIlitamapi smRtam // (10.130)

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unmIlita- vizeSAlaGkAraH 81-82 unmIlita- vizeSAlaGkArau bhedavaiziSTayayoH sphUrtAvunmIlitavizeSakau / himAdri tvadyazomanaM surAH zItena jAnate || lakSitAnyudite candre padmAni ca mukhAni ca // 148 // sahajamAgantukaM vA kimapi sAdhAraNaM yat lakSaNaM tad dvAreNa yatkiMcit kenacidvastu vastusthityaiva balIyastayA tirodhIyate tanmIlita miti dvidhA smaranti, tatrodAharaNam -'apAGgatarale......saMlakSyate' atra dRktaralatAdikamaGgasya liGgaM svAbhAvikaM sAdhAraNaM ca madodayena tatrApyetasya darzanAt / mammaTa kA sAmAnya kA lakSaNa tathA udAharaNa bhinna hai / jahA~ prastuta tathA aprastuta padArtha. ke yoga meM donoM ke guNasAmya ke vivakSita hone ke kAraNa, donoM kI ekarUpatA pratipAdita kI jAya, vahA~ sAsAnya hotA hai : prastutasya yadanyena guNasAmyavivacayA / aikAtmyaM badhyate yogAttatsAmAnyamiti smRtam // ( 10-134 ) 243 isakA udAharaNa mammaTa ne ThIka vaisA hI diyA hai jaisA 'mallikAmAladhAriNyaH' hai / mammaTa kA udAharaNa nimna hai : malayajarasaviliptatanavo navahAralatAvibhUSitAH, sitataradantapatrakRtavaktraruco rucirAmalAMzukAH / zazabhRti vitatadhAgni dhavalayati dharAmavibhAvyatAM gatAH, priyavasatiM prayAnti sukhena nirastabhiyo'bhisArikAH // 81-82. unmIlita aura vizeSa alaGkAra 148 - jahA~ mIlita kA lakSaNa hone para bhI kisI kAraNa vizeSa se bhedajJAna ho jAya, vahA~ unmIlita alaGkAra hotA hai / jahA~ sAmAnya kA lakSaNa hone para bhI kisI kAraNa se vaiziSTya jJAna ho jAya, vahA~ vizeSa alaGkAra hotA hai / ( isa prakAra unmIlita tathA vizeSa kramazaH mIlita tathA sAmAnya ke pratidvandvI alaGkAra haiM / inake kramazaH ye udAharaNa haiM / ) " he rAjan himAlaya tumhAre yaza meM mila gayA hai, kiMtu devatA zIta guNa ke kAraNa usakA jJAna prApta kara lete haiM / (unmIlita ) candramA ke udaya hone para tAlAba meM dha~sI nAyikAoM ke mukha tathA kamaloM kA vaiziSTayajJAna spaSTa ho gayA / ( vizeSa ) TippaNI- paNDitarAja jagannAtha ina donoM alaGkAroM ko nahIM mAnate / sAmAnya alaGkAra ke prakaraNa meM ve adhpayadIkSita ke mata kA ulekha kara usakA khaNDana karate haiM, tathA ina donoM alaGkAroM kA samAveza anumAna alaGkAra meM karate haiM / yattu - 'mIlitarItyA ' "iti kuvalayAnaMdakRdAha taca, anumAnAlaGkAreNaiva gatArthatvAdanayoralaGkArAntaratvAyogAt / (rasagaGgAdhara pR0 697 ) candrikAkAra vaidyanAtha ne paNDitarAja ke mata kA khaNDana kara punaH dIkSita ke mata kI pratiSThA panA kI hai / ve kahate haiM ki ina udAharaNoM meM bhedapratIti tathA vizeSapratIti ho rahI hai, ataH

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244 kuvalayAnandaH mIlitanyAyena bhedAnadhyavasAye prApte kuto'pi hetorbhedasphUrtI mIlitapratidvandva yunmIlitam / tathA sAmAnyarItyA vizeSAsphuraNe prApte kutazcitkAraNAdvizeSasphUrtI tatpratidvandvI vizeSakaH / krameNodAharaNadvayam / tadguNarItyApi bhedAnadhyabasAyaprAptAnmIlitaM dRzyate / yathA nRtyadbhargATTahAsaprasarasahacaraM stAvakInairyazobhi dhavalyaM nIyamAne trijagati paritaH zrInRsiMha kSitIndra ! | deredSa nAbhIkamalaparimalaprauDhimAsAdayiSya hevAnAM nAbhaviSyat kathamapi kamalAkAmukasyAvabodhaH // ye anumAna se bhinna haiM, isakA spaSTa hetu vidyamAna hai| sAtha hI yadi tuma anumAna alaGkAra kA koI kapolakalpita lakSaNa mAnakara inheM anumAna alaGkAra meM antarbhUta karate ho, to bhI hama dekhate haiM ki do vastuoM ke sAdRzyavaiziSTaya ke kAraNa jahA~ pahale unameM bhedapratIti yA vaiziSTayapratIti na ho sake, kiMtu phira kisI vizeSa kAraNa se bhedapratIti tathA vaiziSTayapratIti ho, vahA~ mIlita tathA sAmAnya ke pratidvandvI hone ke kAraNa anya alaGkAra mAnanA ThIka hI hai| jisa taraha hamane tadguNa tathA ullAsa ke pratidvandvI hone ke kAraNa atadguNa tathA avajJA ko alaga se alaMkAra mAnA hai, vaise hI bhedatirodhAna ke na hone para mIlita kA pratidvandvI unmIlita, tathA vaiziSTayApratIti na hone para sAmAnya kA pratidvandvI vizeSa alaMkAra mAnA hI jAnA cAhie / yavanumAnAlaGkAreNaiva gatArthatvAnnAnayoralaGkArAntaratvamiti tadayutama, udAhRtasthale bhedavizeSasphuTayarvizeSadarzana hetuka pratyakSa rUpatvAt / athApi svakapolakalpita paribhASayA numAnAlaGkAratAM bUSe tathApi sAdRzyamahimnA prAgana vagatayorbhedavaijAtyayoH sphuraNAtmanA vizeSAkAreNa mIlita sAmAnyapratidvaMdvinA yuktamevAlaGkArAntaratvam / atadguNAvajJayoriva vizeSoktyalaGkArAdityalaM vistareNa / ( candrikA pR0 166 ) for alaGkAra ke DhaMga se do vastuoM ke sAdRzya ke kAraNa bhedatirodhAna hone para bhI kisI kAraNa vizeSa se bhedapratIti ho jAya, vahA~ mIlita kA pratidvandvI unmIlita alaGkAra hotA hai / isI taraha sAmAnya alaGkAra ke DhaMga para vaiziSTayajJAna ke tirohita hone para bhI kisI kAraNa se vaiziSTya kI pratIti ho jAya, vahA~ vizeSa alaGkAra hotA hai / kArikA kA dvitIyArdha tathA tRtIyArdhaM inhIM donoM ke kramazaH udAharaNa haiM / jahA~ kisI eka vastu ke guNa se dUsarI vastu kA apanA guNa dabA diyA jAya tathA donoM guNoM kI bhedApratIti honeM para kisI kAraNa se bhedajJAna ho vahA~ bhI unmIlita hotA hai / unmIlita kA eka udAharaNa yaha hai: he rAjan nRsiMhadeva, nRtya karate hue zivajI ke aTTahAsa samAna zveta Apake yaza se samasta trailokya dhavala ho gayA hai, aisI sthiti meM yadi lakSmI ke pati viSNu apane nAbhikamala kI sugandhasamRddhi ko na prApta karate, to saMbhavataH anya devatAoM meM unakI pratIti kisI taraha bhI na ho pAtI / ( yahA~ viSNu ne apane nIlaguNa ko chor3a kara apane Apako nRsiMhadeva ke yaza kI valimA meM ghulA milA liyA hai| isa prakAra yaza tathA viSNu kI bhepratIti ke lupta

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uttarAlaGkAraH 245 kAkaH kRSNaH pikaH kRSNaH ko bhedaH pikkaakyoH| vasantasamaye prApte kAkaH kAkaH pikaH pikH|| idaM vizeSakasyodAharaNAntaram / atra dvitIyau kAka-pikazabdau 'kAkatvena jJAtaH pikatvena jJAtaH' ityrthaantrsNkrmitvaacyau| yathA vA vArANasIvAsavatAM janAnAM sAdhAraNe zaMkaralAnchane'pi / pArthaprahAravraNamuttamAGgaM prAcInamIzaM prakaTIkaroti / / 148 // ___ . 83 uttarAlaGkAraH kiMcidAkUtasahitaM syAdagUDhottaramuttaram / hone para, nAbhIkamala kI sugandha ke kAraNa viSNu kA bhedajJAna ho jAtA hai, ataH yahAM unmIlita alaGkAra hai|) TippaNI-paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne appayadIkSita ke isa udAharaNa kI AlocanA kI hai| ve batAte haiM ki appayadIkSita kA 'tadguNarItyApi bhedAnadhyavasAyaprAptAvunmIlitaM yte| yathA-'nRtyadargA...."prabodha:'-yaha mata ThIka nahIM hai (-iti / tadapi na / ) kyoMki tadguNa meM bhedAtirohiti guNoM kI hotI hai, vastuoM (guNiyoM ) kI nahIM, yaha nirvivAda hai| yahA~ nAmIkamala ke parimala se viSNu kA bhedazAna ho jAtA hai, phira bhI viSNu kI nIlimA (guNa) yaza kI dhavalimA ke sAtha abhinna ho gaI hai ( dUsare zabdoM meM viSNu ne yaza ke atyutkRSTa hone ke kAraNa usake guNa dhavalimA kA grahaNa kara liyA hai), ataH yahA~ tadguNa alaGkAra spaSTa hai, phira dIkSita mahodaya usakA pratidvandI unmIlita vyartha mAnate haiM / Age jAkara ve batAte haiM ki appayadIkSita ke upajIvya alaGkArasarvasvakAra ruyyaka ne unmIlita tathA vizeSa ina do alavAroM kA jikra hI nahIM kiyA hai| inakA samAveza prAcInoM ke alakAroM meM ho hI jAtA hai / khAlI isIlie ki hama naye alaGkAra kI udbhAvanA karane kI vAcoyukti kA prayoga kara rahe haiM, hameM vyartha hI prAcInoM kI maryAdA chor3a kara belagAma nahIM daur3anA caahie| (na tAvatpRthagalaMkAratvavAcoyuktyA vigalitabhaMkhalatva. mAtmano nATayituM sAmprataM maryAdAvazaMvaderAyairiti / (rasagaGgAdhara pR0 699) / __'kaumA kAlA hai, koyala bhI kAlI hai, kaue aura koyala meM bheda hI kyA hai? vasanta Rtu ke Ane para kaubhA kauA ho jAtA hai, koyala koyl|' / (yahA~ vasanta samaya ke kAraNa kAkatva yA pikatva kA vaiziSTaya bhAna ho jAtA hai|) yaha vizeSaka kA udAharaNa hai| yahA~ dUsare kAka tathApika zabda 'kaue ke rUpa meM jAna, liyA gayA, koyala ke rUpa meM jAna liyA gayA', isa prakAra arthAntarasaMkramitavAcya haiN| athavA jaise yadyapi kAzI meM rahane vAle sabhI nivAsI samAnarUpa se zaMkarasva se yukta hai' tayApi arjuna ke prahAra ke vraNa se yukta sira vAle hone ke kAraNa prAcIna ziva (vAstavika zaMkara) prakaTa ho hI jAte haiN| / yahA~ 'pArthaprahAravaNayukta uttamAMga' ke kAraNa nakalI zaMkara tathA asalI zaMkara kA vaiziSTya bhAna ho hI jAtA hai| 83. uttara alaGkAra 149-jahA~ kisI vizeSa abhiprAya se yukta gUDha uttara diyA jAya, vahA~ uttara alaMkAra

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246 kuvalayAnandaH yatrAsau vetasI pAntha ! tatreyaM sutarA sarit // 146 // sarittaraNamArga pRcchantaM prati taM kAmayamAnAyA uttaramidam / vetasIkule svAcchandyamityAkUtagabhem / yathA vA grAme'smin prastaraprAye na kiMcitpAntha ! vidyate / payodharonnatiM dRSTvA vastumicchasi cedvasa / AstaraNAdikamarthayamAnaM pAnthaM pratyuktiriyam / stanonnatiM dRSTvA rantumicchasi cedvasa / avidagdhajanaprAye'smin grAme kazcidavagamiSyatItyetAdRzaM pratibandhakaM kiMcidapi nAstIti hRdayam / idamunneyapraznottarasyodAharaNam / nibaddhapraznottaraM yathA kuzalaM tasyA ? jIvati, kuzalaM pRcchAmi, jIvatItyuktam / punarapi tadeva kathayasi, mRtAM tu kathayAmi yA zvasiti / / hotA / jaise, kisI rAhagIra ke nadI ko pAra karane kA sthala pUchane para koI svayaM dUtI kahatI hai) he rAhagIra, jahA~ yaha vetasa-kuMja dikhAI par3a rahA hai, vahIM nadI ko pAra karane kA sthala hai| yaha ukti kisI kAmukI svayaMdUtI kI hai, jo sarittaraNamArga ko pUchate hue kisI rAhagIra ke prati kahI gaI hai| yahA~ 'vetasIkuJja' meM svacchandatA sekAmakeli ho sakatI hai, yaha svayaMdUtI kA gUDhAbhiprAya hai / athavA jaise nimna ukti meM koI svayaM dUtI gA~va meM Thaharane kI jagaha tathA bistara Adi ke lie pUchane vAle kisI rAhagIra ko uttara de rahI hai :-he rAhagIra, isa patharIle gAMva meM kucha bhI nahIM milegaa| AkAza meM bAdala ghira rahe haiM, ataH bAdaloM ko ghire dekhakara (tathA mere payodharoM ko unnata dekhakara) yadi tumhArI Thaharane kI icchA ho to Thahara jAvo / TippaNI-yaha prasiddha prAkRta gAthA kA saMskRta rUpAntara hai : paMthi Na ettha sastharamasthi maNaM pattharatthale gAme / UNa poharaM pekkhiUNa jai ksasu tA vssu|| bistara Adi kI prArthanA karate kisI pAntha ke prati yaha svayaM dUtI kA uttara hai| yadi stanonnati ko dekhakara ramaNa karanA cAho, torho| yaha gA~va to patharIlA hai-pattharoM kI bastI hai, ataH mUrkha logoM ke isa gA~va meM, koI hamAre ramaNa ko jAna jAyagA, isa prakAra kI AzaMkA karane kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, yaha ukti kA rahasya (hRdaya) gUDhAbhiprAya h| yaha kalpita prazna ke uttara kA udAharaNa hai (bhAva yaha ha, ina donoM uktiyoM meM kevala uttara hI pAyA jAtA hai, prazna nahIM, ataH prazna prasaMgavaza kalpita kara liyA jAtA hai|) kinhIM kinhIM sthaloM para prazna tathA uttara donoM nibaddha kiye jAte haiM / nibaddha praznottara kA udAharaNa nimna hai| ___ koI sakhI nAyaka ke pAsa jAtI hai, vaha usase nAyikA kI avasthA ke viSaya meM pUchatA hai-vaha kuzala to hai', vaha uttara detI hai-'jindI hai', 'maiM kuzala pUcha rahA huuN|' 'tabhI to jI rahI hai, yaha kahA hai| phira vahI uttara de rahI ho|' 'to maiM use marI kaise kaha sakatI hU~, vaha to abhI sA~sa le rahI hai|'

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uttarAlaGkAraH 247 IrSyAmAnAnantaramanutaptAyA nAyikAyAH sakhImAgatAM prati 'tasyAH kuzalam ?' iti nAyakasya praznaH / 'jIvati' iti sakhyA uttaram / jIvatyAH kutaH kuzalamiti tadabhiprAyaH / anyatpRSTamanyaduttaramiti nAyakasya 'punaH kuzalaM pRcchAmi' iti praznaH / pRSTasyaivottara muktamityabhiprAyeNa jIvatItyuktamiti sakhyA vacanam / sakhIvacanasyAbhiprAyodghATanArtha 'punarapi tadeva kathayasi' iti nAyakasyAtkSepaH / 'mRtAM nu kathayAmi yA zvasiti' iti sakhyAH svAbhiprAyodghATanam / sati maraNe khalu tasyAH kuzalaM bhavati, madAgamanasamaye'pi zvAseSu saJcaratsu kathaM mRtAM kathayeyamityabhiprAyaH / / 146 // atha citrottaram - praznottarAntarAbhinnamuttaraM citramucyate / kedArapoSaNaratAH, ke kheTAH, kiM calaM vayaH // 150 // atra 'kedArapoSaNaratA' iti praznAbhinnamuttaraM 'ke kheTAH, kiM calam ?' iti praznadvayasya 'vayaH' ityekamuttaram / udAharaNAntarANi vidagdhamukha maNDane draSTavyAni // IrSyAmAna ke bAda duHkhita nAyikA kI sakhI ko AyA dekhakara nAyaka usase prazna karatA hai - 'vaha kuzala to hai'| 'jindI hai' yaha sakhI kA uttara hai / jindI rahate usakA kuzala kaise ho sakatA hai, yaha sakhI kA abhiprAya hai / maiMne pUchA kucha aura tuma kucha aura hI uttara de rahI ho, isa Azaya se nAyaka punaH prazna karatA hai, 'maiM kuzala pUcha rahA hU~" / maiMne prazna kA hI uttara diyA hai, isa abhiprAya se sakhI kahatI hai 'vaha jindI hai'| sakhI ke bacanoM ke abhiprAya ko spaSTa karane ke lie nAyaka phira akSepa karatA hai 'phira vahI kaha rahI ho' / sakhI apane abhiprAya ko spaSTa karatI kahatI hai- 'jo sA~sa le rahI hai, use maiM marI kaise kaha dU~' / isakA gUDha abhiprAya yaha hai ki usakA kuzala to marane para hI ho sakatA hai, maiM jaba AI taba bhI usake sA~sa cala rahe the to maiM use mRta ( kuzalinI ) kaise batA dU~ ? aba citrottara bheda kA varNana karate haiM: 150 - jahA~ prazna tathA anya uttara se mizrita uttara diyA jAya, vahA~ uttara alaMkAra kA citrottara nAmaka bheda hotA hai, jaise koI pUchatA 'bhAryAoM kA poSaNa karane meM rata kauna hai', uttara hai 've loga jo khetoM ke poSaNa meM rata haiM' do prazna haiM AkAza meM paryaTana karane vAle (kheTAH) kauna haiM ? caMcala kauna haiM ?, ina donoM praznoM ke eka hI zliSTa citrottara haiM: - 'vayaH' | pahale prazna kA uttara hai: - 'vayaH' (vi' zabda kA bahuvacana, pakSI ), dUsare prazna kA uttara hai - 'vayaH' (umra ) / yahA~ 'kedArapoSaNaratAH' meM 'ke dArapoSaNaratAH ?' isa prazna kA uttara 'kedArapoSaNaratAH' hai, isa prakAra yahA~ uttara prazna se abhinna hai / 'ke kheTAH kiM calam ?' isa praznadvaya kA eka hI uttara hai 'vayaH' | citrottara ke anya udAharaNa vidagdhamukhamaNDana nAmaka grantha meM dekhe jA sakate haiM /

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248 kuvalayAnandaH - 84 sUkSmAlaGkAraH sUkSma parAzayAbhizetarasAkRtaceSTitam / mayi pazyati sA kezai sImantamaNimAghRNot // 151 // kAmukrasyAvalokanena saDaMketakAlapraznabhAvaM jJAtavatyAzceSTeyam / astaM gate sUrye saMketakAla ityAkUtam / yathA vA saMketakAlamanasaM viTaM jJAtvA vidagdhayA / bhAsInetrArpitAkRtaM lIlApamaM nimIlitam // 151 85 pihitAlaGkAraH pihitaM paravRttAntajJAtuH sAkUtaceSTitam / priye gRhAgate prAtaH kAntA talpamakalpayat // 152 // rAtrau sapatnIgRhe kRtajAgaraNena zrAnto'sIti talpakalpanAkUtam / yathA vAvaktrasyandisvedabinduprabandhedRSTyA bhinnaM kuGkama kApi kaNThe / 84. sUkSma alaMkAra 151-jahA~ kisI anya vyakti ke Azaya ko jAnane vAlA usake prati sAbhiprAya ceSTA kare, vahA~ sUcama alaMkAra hotaa| jaise (koI nAyaka apane mitra se kaha rahA hai) mujhe dekhakara usa nAyikA ne apane bAloM se sImantamaNi ko DhaMka diyaa| yahA~ sImantamaNi ko bAloM se DhaMka denA yaha usa nAyikA kI sAbhiprAya ceSTA hai, jo apane upapati ko dekhakara usake saMketa kAlaviSayaka prazna kA Azaya samajha baiThI hai| saMketa kAla ke prazna kA uttara dene ke lie vaha andhakAra ke samAna kAle bAloM se dIpta sImantamaNi ko DhaMka detI hai| bhAva yaha hai 'sUrya ke asta hone para saMketakAla hai'| isI kA dUsarA udAharaNa yaha hai:kisI catura nAyikA ne upanAyaka ko saMketakAla ko jAnane kI icchA vAlA jAna kara, apane netroM ko maTakA kara apanA Azaya vyakta karate hue lIlA kamala ko baMda kara diyaa| yahA~ nAyikA kA 'lIlAkamala' ko nimIlita kara denA sAbhiprAya ceSTA hai, bhAva yaha . hai 'sUryAsta ke samaya AnA (jaba kamala banda ho jAte haiN)|' 85. pihita alaGkAra 152-jahA~ dUsare ke gupta vRttAnta ko jAnakara koI vyakti sAbhiprAya ceSTA kare, vahA~ pihita alajAra hotA hai| jaise, nAyaka ke prAtaHkAla ghara para lauTane para (jyeSThA) nAyikA ne zayyA sajA dii| yahA~ nAyikA ke zayyA sajAne kA yaha gUDhAbhiprAya hai ki tuma rAta bhara merI sauta ke yahA~ rahe ho, vahA~ rAta bhara jagate rahe ho, isalie thake ho| athavA'kisI satI ne nAyikA ke kaNTha meM usake mukhamaNDala se Tapake svedabinduoM kI dhArA se

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vyAjoktyalaGkAraH 246 puMstvaM tanvyA vyaJjayantI vayasyA smitvA pANau khaGgalekhAM lilekha || atra svedAnumitaM puruSAyitaM puruSocitakhaDgalekhAlekhanena prakAzitam // 152 // 86 vyAjoktyalaGkAraH vyAjoktiranyahetuktyA yadAkArasya gopanam / sakhi ! pazya gRhArAmaparAgairasmi dhUsarA // 153 // atra cauryaratakRtasaGketa bhUpRSTha luNThana lagnadhUlijAlasya gopanam / yathA vA kasya vA na bhavedroSaH priyAyAH savraNe'dhare / sabhRGgaM padmamAghrAsIrvAritApi mayAdhunA || he kuGkuma ko dekhakara, musakurA kara usakI hathelI para ( patrAvalI ke sthAna para ) khaDgalekhA kA citra banA diyA / " yahA~ sakhI ne khaDgalekhA likhakara nAyikA ke gupta puruSAyita (viparIta rati ) ko prakAzita kiyA hai, jisakA anumAna sakhI ko nAyikA ke mukhamaNDala se gale kI ora Ate svedavinduoM se ho gayA hai / TippaNI - mammaTa ne isa udAharaNa meM sUkSma alaMkAra mAnA hai ( de0 kAvyaprakAza 10-122 ), jaba ki dIkSita isameM pihita alaMkAra mAnate haiN| dIkSita ne sUkSma tathA pihita do bhinna alaMkAra mAne haiM, jaba ki candrAlokakAra jayadeva ne sUkSma alaMkAra nahIM mAnA hai, ve pihita hI mAnate haiM / vastutaH mammaTa ke sUkSma meM appayadIkSita ke sUkSma tathA pihita donoM kA antarbhAva ho jAtA hai / isa sambandha meM yaha kaha diyA jAya ki rudraTa ne kAvyAlaMkAra meM 'pihita' nAmaka eka alaMkAra mAnA hai, para vaha adhpayadIkSita ke pihita se sarvathA bhinna hai / rudraTa kA pihita alaMkAra vahA~ hotA hai, jahA~ atiprabala hone ke kAraNa koI guNa samAnAdhikaraNa, asadRza anya vastu ko Dha~ka le / yatrAtiprabalatayA guNaH samAnAdhikaraNamasamAnam / arthAntaraM pidadhyAdAvirbhUtamapi tat pihitam // ( kAvyAlaMkAra 9-50 ) rudraTa kA pihita vastutaH anya AlaMkArikoM ke mIlita se milatA julatA alaMkAra hai / 86. vyAjoki 153 - jahA~ kisI dUsare hetu ko batAkara usake dvArA AkAra kA gopana kiyA jAya, vahA~ vyAjokti alaGkAra hotA hai, jaise koI kulaTA cauryarata ke samaya bhUpRSTha para luMThana karane se dhUlidhUsarita ho gaI hai, vaha apane AkAra kA gopana karane ke lie anya hetu batAtI sakhI se kaha rahI hai, 'he sakhi, dekha, ghara ke bagIce ke parAga se maiM dhUsarita ho gaI hU~ / " yahA~ cauryarata ke samaya saMketa sthala kI jamIna para loTa kara ratikrIDA karane ke kAraNa vaha dhUlidhUsarita ho gaI hai, kintu isa AkAra ko chipA rahI hai / athavA jaise- upanAyaka ke dvArA khaNDitAdhara nAyikA ke cauryarata ko pati se bacAne ke lie use bhauMre kA doSa batAtI kahatI hai: -- 'he sakhI, batA to sahI, priyA ke adharoSTha koI

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250 kuvalayAnandaH upapatinA khaNDitAdharAyA nAyikAyAH sakAzamAgacchantaM priyamapazyantyeva sakhyA nAyikAM prati hitopadezavyAjena taM prati nAyikAparAdhagopanam / chekApahnaterasyAzcAyaM vizeSa:-tasyAM vacanasyAnyathAnayanenApahnavaH; asyAmAkArasya hetvantaravarNanena gopanamiti | lakSaNe lakSyanAni coktigrahaNamAkArasya gopanArtha hetvantarapratyAyakavyApAramAtrApalakSaNam / tatazca AyAntamAlokya hariM pratolyAmAlyAH purastAdanurAgamekA / romAJcakampAdibhirucyamAnaM bhAmA jugUha praNamantyathainam / / ___ ityatrApi vyAjoktireva / atra hyanurAgakRtasya romAJcAdyAkArasya bhaktirUpahetvantarapratyAyakena praNAmena gopanaM kRtam ! sUkSmapihitAlaGkArayorapi ceSTita. grahaNamuktisAdhAraNavyApAramAtropalakSaNam / tatazcako sakSata dekhakara kise roSa na hogaa| maiMne tujhe pahale hI manA kiyA thA bhaure vAle kamala ko na suughnaa| TippaNI-yaha prasiddha gAthA kA saMskRta rUpAntara hai : kassa Na vA hoi roso daThUNa piAe sabbaNaM aharaM / sabbhamarapaumagyAiNi vAriavAme sahasu ehi // kisI sakhI ne upapati ke dvArA khaNDitAdhara nAyikA ke pAsa Ate pati ko dekha to liyA hai, para vaha aisA bahAnA banAtI hai ki jaise use usake Ane kI sUcanA hai hI nahIM, vaha apanI sakhI (nAyikA) ko upadeza detI huI usake vyAja se nAyikA ke pararamaNarUpa aparAdha kA gApana kara rahI hai| vyAjokti tathA apahnati ke prakaraNa meM varNita chekApahuti meM yaha bheda hai ki vahA~ vacana ko dUsare DhaGga se spaSTa karake vAstavikatA kI nihuti kI jAtI hai, jaba ki yahA~ (vyAjokti meM ) AkAra kA anya hetu kI ukti ke dvArA gopana kiyA jAtA hai| vyAjokti ke lakSaNa tathA nAmo ddezya meM jo 'ukti' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, vaha AkAra ke gopana ke lie prayukta anya hetu ke pratyAyaka vyApAra mAtra kA dyotaka hai-isa prakAra hetvantara pratyAyaka ceSTAdi bhI vyAjokti meM samAviSTa ho jaaygii| isalie nimna padya meM bhI byAjokti alaGkAra hI hai: koI nAyikA kRSNa ko galI (yA rAjamArga) se gujarate dekhatI hai| usane kRSNa ko sAmane galI se Ate dekhakara romAJca, kampa Adi sAttvikabhAvoM ke dvArA pratIta rati bhAva ko unheM praNAma karake chipA liyA hai| ___ yahA~ nAyikA ke romAJcAdi AkAra rati bhAva (anurAga) ke kAraNa haiM, kintu vaha bhaktirUpa anyahetu kI ceSTA-praNAma ke dvArA usakA gopana kara letI hai| ataH yahA~ bhI vyAjokti hI hai / dhyAna dene kI bAta hai ki yahA~ hetvantara ke lie kisI ukti kA prayoga nahIM kiyA gayA hai, kevala praNAmakriyA rUpa vyApAra kA prayoga huA hai, para ukti kA vyApaka artha lene para isakA bhI samAveza ho gayA hai|| isI taraha sUkSma tathA pihita alaGkAroM meM bhI jahA~ lakSaNa meM 'ceSTita' zabda kA prayoga huA hai, vahA~ ukti sAdhAraNa vyApAramAtra kA artha lenA hogaa| isalie jahA~ ukti kA prayoga ho, tathA usake dvArA parAzaya ko jAna kara sAkRta ukti kA prayoga kiyA jAya vahA~ bhI sUcamAlaGkAra kA kSetra hogA, jaise nimna padya meM

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vyAjoktyalaGkAraH nalinIdale balAkA marakatapAtra iva dRzyate zuktiH / iti mama saGketabhuvi jJAtvAbhAvaM tadAtravIdAlIm // 251 ityAdiSvapisUkSmAlaGkAraH prasarati / atra zloke tAvat 'kimAvayoH saGketasthAnaM bhaviSyati ?' iti praznAzayaM sUcayati kAmuke tadabhijJayA vidagdhayA tadA sakhIM prati sAkUtamuktamiti sUkSmAlaGkAro bhavati / yato'tra balAkAyA marakatapApratiSThita zuktyupamayA tasyA nizcalatvenAzvastatvaM tena tasya pradezasya nirjanatvaM tena 'tadevAvayoH saMketasthAnam' iti kAmukaM prati sUcanaM lakSyate / na cAtra dhvanirAzaMkanIyaH, dUre vyajyamAnasyApi saMketasthAnapraznottarasya svoktyaivAviSkRtatvAt / evaM pihitAlaMkAre'pyudAhAryam / idaM cAnyadavAvadheyam- 'yatrAsau vetasI pAntha' ityAdiSu gUDhottarasUkSmapihitavyAjoktayudAharaNeSu bhAvo ta svoktayAviSkRtaH kiMtu vastusaundaryabalAdvaktRboddhavyavizeSavizeSitAdgamyaH / tatraiva vastuto nAlaMkAratvaM, dhvanibhAvAspadatvAt / prAcInaiH svoktyAviSkaraNe satyalaMkArAspadatA'stItyudAhRtatvAdasmAbhirapyudAhRtAni / zakyaM hi 'yatrAsau vetasI pAntha ! tatreyaM sutarA sarit / iti pRcchantamadhvAnaM kAminyAha sasUcanam / ' ityAdyarthAntaraka - 'koI nAyaka mitra se kaha rahA hai-' mujhe saMketasthala ke viSaya meM jijJAsu jAnakara usa nAyikA ne sakhI se kahA, 'he sakhi dekha to isa kamala ke patte para yaha bagulA isI taraha zAnta tathA nizcala baiThA hai, jaise kisI nIlama ke pAtra meM koI sIpa rakhI ho|' isa zloka meM koI nAyikA sAkUta ukti kA prayoga kara rahI hai| kisI kAmuka ne nAyikA ke prati isa praznAzaya kI sUcanA kI hai ki 'hamAre milane kA sthAna kauna sA hogA ?' ise samajhakara catura nAyikA apanI sakhI se sAkUta ukti kaha rahI hai, ataH yahA~ sUkSma alaGkAra hai / yahA~ nadI taTa para baguloM kI pA~ta marakatamaNi ke pAtra para sthita sIpa kI taraha nizcala, zAnta tathA vizvasta hokara kamalapatra para baiThI hai, isa sthiti se usa pradeza kI nirjanatA kI tathA 'yaha hama donoM kA saMketasthala hogA' isa bAta kI sUcanA dI gaI hai / isa padya meM dhvanikAvya ( vastu se vastu kI dhvani ) nahIM mAnA jAya / yadyapi yahA~ saMketasthAna kA praznottara vyaGgaya rUpa meM pratIta ho rahA hai, tathApi usakI pratIti svokki se ( vAcyarUpa meM ) hI ho rahI hai / ( bhAva yaha hai, isa zloka ke uttarArdha meM 'iti mama saMketabhuvi jJAtvA bhAvaM tadAzravIdAlIM" kahane se vaha vyaGgaya na raha kara vAcya ho gayA hai| yadi kevala pUrvArdha ke hI bhAva kA prayoga hotA, jaisA ki 'pazya nilazva......zaMkhazuktiriva vAlI gAthA meM hai, to dhvani ho sakatA thA / ) isI taraha pihitAlaGkAra meM bhI 'ceSTita' zabda ke dvArA ukti kA bhI samAveza ho jAtA hai| isake atirikta ina alaGkAroM meM yaha bAta bhI dhyAna dene kI hai / 'yatrAsau vetasIpAntha' ityAdi gUDhottara, sUcama pihita tathA vyAjokti ke udAharaNoM meM svAbhiprAya kI pratIti ukti ke kAraNa nahIM hotI, api tu vastusaundarya tathA ukti kA vaktA tathA boddhavya kauna haiM, isa viziSTa jJAna ke kAraNa usakI pratIti hotI hai / inhIM sthAnoM para vastutaH alaGkAratva nahIM hai, kyoMki ye dhvani ke udAharaNa haiM tathA yahA~ dhvanitva hai| kintu prAcIna AlaGkArikoM ne apane DhaGga se inameM alaGkAratva spaSTa kiyA hai, ataH hamane bhI inheM alaGkAra ke udAharaNoM ke rUpa meM upanyasta kiyA hai| vaise 'yatrAsau vetasIpAntha tatre -sutarA sarit' isa pUrvArdha

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252 kuvalayAnandaH lpanayA bhAvAviSkaraNamiti / ataH prAk likhiteSu yeSUdAharaNeSu saMketakAlamanasaM, puMstvaM tanvyA vyaJjayantI, bhAmA jugUheti bhAvAviSkaraNamasti teSveva tattadalaMkAra iti / / 153 // 87 gUDhoktyalaGkAraH gUDhoktiranyoddezyaM cedyadanyaM prati kathyate / vRSApehi parakSetrAdAyAti kSetrarakSakaH // 154 // yaM prati kiMcidvaktavyaM tattaTasthairmAjJAyIti tadeva tadanyaM kaMcitprati zleSeNo. cyate cet sA gUDhoktiH / vRSetyAdhudAharaNam / iha parakalatramupabhuJjAnaM kAmukaM prati vaktavyaM parakSetre sasyAni bhakSayantaM kaMcidukSANaM samIpe carantaM nirdizya kathyate / neyamaprastutaprazaMsA, kAryakAraNAdivyaGga thatvAbhAvAt / nApi zleSamAtram ; aprakRtArthasya prakRtArthAnvayitvenAvivakSitatvAt / tasya kevalamitaravaJcanArtha nirdiSTatayA vicchittivizeSasadbhAvAt / ke sAtha 'iti pRcchantamadhvAnaM kAminyAha sasUcanaM' jor3a dene para-'isa prakAra rAstA pUchate kisI rAhagIra se kisI kAmuka strI ne sUcanA karate hue kahA-'isa arthAntara kI kalpanA ke karane para alaGkAratva ho hI jAtA hai, kyoMki yahA~ vAkyArtha kI pradhAnatA ho jAtI hai| hamane vRttibhAga meM tattat alaGkAra ke prakaraNa meM 'saMketakAlamanasaM' 'pustvaM tanvyA vyaMjayantI' 'bhAmA jugRha' Adi jo udAharaNa diye haiM, unameM yaha bhAvAviSkaraNa spaSTa hai, isalie vahA~ alaGkArasva spaSTa hI hai| (bhAva yaha hai, kArikAbhAga ke ina alaGkAroM ke udAharaNoM meM yadyapi bhavanitva hai, tathApi jayadevAdi ke dvArA inakA tattadalaMkAra prakaraNa meM upanyAsa hone se hamane yahA~ udAharaNa ke rUpa meM rakha diyA hai, vaise yadi inakI arthAntarakalpanA kara vAdhyarUpa meM bhAvAviSkaraNa kara diyA jAya to ye alaMkAra ke hI udAharaNa ho jaayeNge| vRttibhAga ke udAharaNoM meM bhAvAviSkaraNa spaSTa hone ke kAraNa alaMkAratva hai hii|) TipvaNI-isa padya kA pUrvArddha prasiddha prAkRtagAthA kA saMskRta rUpAntara hai : ua NiccalanippaMdA misiNIpattammirahaha blaaaa| NimmalamaragaabhAaNaparidviA saMkhasutti vva // 87. gUDhokti alaGkAra 154-jahA~ kisI eka ko lakSita kara kisI dUsare hI se koI bAta kahI jAya, use gUDhokti alaGkAra kahate haiN| jaise (koI sakhI kisI upapati ko-jo parakalana ke sAtha ramaNa kara rahA hai sAvadhAna karatI kaha rahI hai) he baila dUsare ke kheta se haTa jA, vaha dekha kheta kA rakhavAlA A rahA hai| jisa vyakti se kucha kahanA hai, vahI samajha sake, dUsarA taTastha vyakti use na samajha le, isalie jahA~ kisI vyakti se zleSa ke dvArA kucha kahA jAya, vahA~ gUDhoki alaGkAra hotA hai| 'vRSApehi' Adi kArikAdha isakA udAharaNa hai| yahA~ yaha ukti kisI parakalatra kA upabhoga karate kAmuka ke prati abhipreta hai kintu yaha samIpa meM hI dUsare ke kheta meM dhAna ko carate baila se kahI gaI hai| yahA~ prastutaprazaMsA alaGkAra nahIM hai| kyoMki aprastuta prazaMsA meM yA to kArya ke dvArA kAraNa kI vyaJjanA kI jAtI hai yA kAraNa ke dvArA kArya

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vivRtoktyalaGkAraH ~~~ 253 yathA vA nAtho me vipaNiM gato, na gaNayatyeSA sapatnI ca mAM, tyaktvA mAmiha puSpiNIti guravaH prAptA gRhAbhyantaram / zayyAmAtra sahAyinIM parijanaH zrAnto na mAM sevate, svAminnAgamalAlanIya ! rajanIM lakSmIpate ! rakSa mAm // atra 'lakSmIpati' nAmno jArasyAgamanaM prArthayamAnAyAstaTasthavacanAya bhagavantaM pratyAkrozasya pratyAyanam // 154 // 88 vivRtoktyalaGkAraH vivRtoktiH zliSTaguptaM kavinAviSkRtaM yadi / vRSApehi parakSetrAditi vakti samracanam // / 155 / / zliSTaguptaM vastu yathAkathaMcitkavinAviSkRtaM cedvivRtokti: / 'vRSApehi' ityudAharaNe pUrvavadguptaM vastu sasUcanamiti kavinAviSkRtam / yathA vA vatse ! mA gA viSAdaM zvasanamurujavaM saMtyajordhva pravRttaM kI, yahA~ yaha bAta nahIM hai| sAtha hI yahA~ zleSa ( arthazleSa ) alaGkAra bhI nahIM hai / kyoMki zleSa meM donoM pakSa prakRta hote haiM, jaba ki yahA~ aprakRta (baila) ke dvArA prakRta ( kAmuka ) ke vyavahAra kI vivakSA pAI jAtI hai / isalie yaha ukti to kevala dUsare ko Thagane ke lie prayukta kI gaI hai, ataH yahA~ kisI vizeSa prakAra kI camatkRti pAI jAtI hai / isI kA dUsarA udAharaNa yaha hai: koI kulaTA apane upapati ko bulAtI gUDhokti kA prayoga kara rahI hai, tAki taTastha vyakti na samajha sakeM / 'merA svAmI bAjAra gayA hai, yaha sauta merI parvAha ho nahIM karatI mujhe rajasvalA samajha kara chor3a kara bar3e loga ghara ke bhItara cale gaye haiM / maiM akelI zayyA para par3I hU~ / naukara thakane ke kAraNa merI sevA nahIM kara rahe haiM / he svAmin lakSmIpati ( viSNu bhagavAn, lakSmIpati nAmaka jAra ) apane Agamana ke dvArA rAta bhara merI rakSA kro|" yahA~ 'lakSmIpati' nAmaka upapati ke Agamana kI prArthanA karatI kulaTA ne dUsaroM ko Thagane ke lie bhagavAn viSNu se prArthanA kI hai / ataH yahA~ gUDhokti alaGkAra hai / 88. vivRtokti alaGkAra 155 - jahA~ kavi kisI zliSTagupta vastu ko prakaTa kara de, vahA~ vivRtokti alaGkAra hotA hai, jaise 'he baila, dUsare ke kheta se haTa jA' isa prakAra koI sasUcanA kaha rahA hai| jahA~ kavi kisI prakAra zliSTagupta vastu ko prakaTa kare, vahA~ vivRtokti alaGkAra hotA 'hai / 'vRSApehi' isa kArikArdha ke udAharaNa meM, gUDhokti kI taraha hI vastu gupta hai, kiMtu yahAM kavi ne sasUcanaM' pada kA prayoga kara use pragaTa kara diyA hai, ataH yahA~ vivRtoki alaGkAra hai / jaise-- 'he baccI, viSAda mata kara ( viSa ko khAne vAle ziva ke pAsa na jA ), atyadhika vega

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254 kuvalayAnandaH kampaH ko vA guruste kimiha balabhidA jRmbhitenAtra yAhi / pratyAkhyAnaM surANAmiti bhayazamanacchamanA kArayitvA yasmai lakSmImadAdvaH sa dahatu duritaM manthamugdhaH payodhiH / / idaM paravaJcanAya guptAviSkaraNam / trapAguptAviSkaraNaM yathAdRSTayA kezava ! goparAgahRtayA kiMcinna dRSTaM mayA teneha skhalitAsmi nAtha ! patitAM kiM nAma nAlambase / ekastvaM viSameSukhinnamanasAM sarvAbalAnAM gati. rgopyaivaM gaditaH salezamavatAdroSThe harivazviram // atra kRSNasya purato viSame pariskhalanamabhihitavatyAstaM kAmayamAnAyA gopikAyA vacane viSamapathaskhalanapatanatrANasaMprArthanArUpeNa jhaTiti prIyamAnenArthana gaptaM vivakSitamarthAntaraM salezaM sasUcanamityanenAviSkRtam / evaM naiSadhAdiSa, vAle zvAsa ko chor3a de (pavana ko chor3a de), yaha tere mahAn kampa kyoM hai, (tujhe jala ke rakSaka (kampa-kaM jalaM pAtIti kampaH) varuNa se kyA, vaha to tere guru hai athavA tujhe varuNa se kyA, tathA bRhaspati se kyA), isa bala kA nAza karane vAlI jaMbhAI se kyA lAbha (tujhe bala ke zatru indra se kyA lAbha)? isa prakAra lakSmI ke bhaya ko zAMta karane ke vyAja se anya devatAoM ke varaNa kA pratyAkhyAna kara maMthana ke kAraNa mUrkha samudra ne jisa viSNu ke lie lakSmI rAna kI, vaha viSNu Apa logoM ke pApoM ko jalA de| ___yahA~ 'pratyAkhyAna' ityAdi tRtIya caraNa ke dvArA kavi ne gupta vastu kA AviSkaraNa kara diyA hai, ataH vivRtokti alaGkAra hai| kabhI kavi lajA ke dvArA gupta vastu ko udghATita kara detA hai| trapAguptAviSkaraNa kA udAharaNa nimna hai:__ koI gopikA kRSNa se kaha rahI hai : 'he kezava, gAyoM se ur3I dhUla se tirohita A~khoM se maiM mArga ko na dekha sakI, isalie maiM mArga meM gira par3I huuN| he nAtha, girI huI mujhe kyoM nahIM uThAte ho ? una balahIna logoM ke tuma hI akele Azraya ho, jo mArga meM calane se zrAMta hokara gira par3e haiM, (he kezava, gopAlaka tumhAre prati premAviSTa hone ke kAraNa meM ucita anucita kA vicAra nahIM kara sakI hU~ isI se maiM mArgabhraSTa ho gaI hU~, he nAtha, carita se bhraSTa merA Alambana kyoM nahIM karate? kAmadeva ke dvArA khinna mana vAlI striyoM ke tumhI eka mAtra Azraya ho) isa prakAra gopI ke dvArA vyAjapUrvaka kahe gaye kRSNa Apa logoM kI sadA rakSA kreN| yahA~ kRSNa ke sammukha viSamArga meM pariskhalana kI bAta kahatI huI, kRSNa ke sAtha ramaNa karane kI icchA vAlI gopikA ke isa vacana meM viSama pathaskhalana, tathA girane se bacAne kI prArthanA vAle artha ke jhaTa se pratIta hone para, isa ke dvArA gupta vivakSita ramaNarUpa' artha kavi ne 'salezaM' pada ke dvArA sUcita kara spaSTa kara diyA hai| isI taraha 'naiSadhAda meM 'merA citta laMkA meM nivAsa karane kI icchA nahIM karatA (merA citta nala

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vivRtoktyalakAraH 255 'ceto nalaM kAmayate madIyaM nAnyatra kutrApi ca sAbhilASam' iti damayantIvA. kyAdikamapyudAharaNam / idaM zabdazaktikoDIkRtaguptAviSkaraNam / arthazaktimUlaguptArthAviSkaraNaM yathA gacchAmyacyuta ! darzanena bhavataH kiM tRptirutpadyate kiM caivaM vijanasthayorhatajanaH saMbhAvayatyanyathA / ityAmantraNabhaGgisUcitavRthAvasthAnakhedAlasA. __ mAzliSyan pulakotkarAJcitatanurgopI hariH pAtu vH|| . atra 'gacchAmyacyuta !' ityAmantraNena 'tvayA rantuM kAmecchayA sthitaM tanna labdham' ityarthazaktilabhyaM vastu tRtIyapAdenAviSkRtam / sarvametatkavinibaddhavaktaguptAviSkaraNodAharaNam / kaviguptAviSkaraNaM yathAsubhra ! tvaM kupitetyapAstamazanaM tyaktAH kathA yoSitAM dUrAdeva vivarjitAH surabhayaH srggndhdhuupaadyH| kopaM rAgiNi muzca mayyavanate dRSTe prasIdAdhunA satyaM tvadvirahAdbhavanti dayite ! sarvA mamAndhA dishH|| ko cAhatA hai), aura koI dUsarI jagaha merI abhilASA nahIM (merA mana kisI dUsare rAjA meM sAbhilASa nahIM hai')-ityAdi damayaMtIvAkyAdi bhI vivRtokti ke hI udAharaNa haiN| "yahA~ zabdazakti (zliSTa prayoga tathA abhidhAmUlAgyaanA) ke dvArA gupta vastu kA prakaTIkaraNa pAyA jAtA hai| arthazakti mUla gupta vastu ke prakAzana kA udAharaNa nimna padya hai| _ 'he acyuta, mujhe jAne bhI do, bhalA tumhAre darzana se kyA tRpti mila sakatI hai ! isa taraha hameM ekAMta meM khar3e dekha kara, tumhIM soco, aise-vaise loga, kyA samajheMge -isa prakAra AmaMtraNa (sambodhana) tathA bhAvabhaMgI ke dvArA apane vyartha ke rukane kI vedanA se dukhI gopikA ko bAhupAza meM pakar3a Ananda se romAMcita ho AliMgana karate kRSNa Apa logoM kI rakSA kreN|' ('tuma bar3e mUrkha ho, byartha hIkyoM samaya kho rahe ho, tumhAre darzana yA bAba suratAdi se to koI tRpti mila nahIM rahI, hama logoM ke bAre meM logoM ne yaha to samajha hI liyA hogA, phira tuma ratikrIr3A meM pravRtta kyoM nahIM hote'-yaha gopI kA Azaya hai, jo 'ityAmantraNa-bhaGgisUcitavRthAvasthAnakhedAlasAm' pada ke dvArA kavi ne spaSTa kara diyA hai|) yahA~ 'gacchAmyacyuta' isa sambodhana ke dvArA 'tumane ramaNa karane ke lie. mujhe rokA thA, vaha mujhe prApta na ho sakA' isa prakAra arthazakti labhya vastu ko kavi ne patha ke tRtIyacaraNa ke dvArA prakaTa kara diyA hai| yaha saba kavinivaddhavaktA ke dvArA gupta Azaya ke prakaTIkaraNa ke udAharaNa haiN| kabhI kabhI kavi svayaM bhI apane gupta Azaya ko spaSTa karatA hai, jaise nimna paca meM :__'he sundara bhauhoM vAlI he priye (he raSTi), tuma nArAja ho aisA samajha kara maiMne khAnA pInA bhI chor3a diyA, yuvatiyoM kI bAteM karanA chor3a diyA, sugandhita mAlAe~, gandhadhupAdi

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256 kuvalayAnandaH ___ atra tAvadIrdhyAmAnakaluSitadayitAprasAdanavyApAravidhiH pratIyate | dRSTirogArtasya dRSTiM pratyAkrozo vivakSitArthaH / sa ca 'dRSTe' ityasya padasya plutoccAraNena saMbuddhirUpatAmavagamayyAviSkRtaH / kavinibaddhavaktRguptaM paravazvanAtha, kaviguptaM svaprauDhikathanArthamiti bhedaH // 155 // 89 yuktyalaMkAraH yuktiH parAtisandhAnaM kriyayA marmaguptaye / tvAmAlikhantI dRSTvA'nyaM dhanuH pauSpaM kare'likhat // 156 // atra 'puSpacApalekhanakriyayA manmatho mayA likhitaH' iti bhrAntyutpAdanena svAnurAgarUpamarmagopanAya paravaJcanaM vivakSitam | yathA vA dampatyornizi jalpatoguhazukenAkarNitaM yadvaca statprAtagurusaMnidhau nigadatastasyAtimAtraM vadhUH / karNAlambitapadmarAgazakalaM vinyasya cancUpuTe vrIDArtA vidadhAti dADimaphalavyAjena vAgbandhanam / / bhI dUra se chor3a die / mujhe pairoM par3A (mujhe jhukA) dekhakara aba to mere prati prasanna hovo, he priye, tumhAre binA mere lie sArI dizAe~ zUnya (andhI) ho gaI haiM, yaha saca hai|' (yahA~ priyA ke pakSa meM 'dRSTe' saha yaMtapada hai, jabaki netra ke pakSa meM vaha saMbodhana hai|) yahA~ IrSyAmAna ke dvArA kaSAyita priyA ko prasanna karane kI ceSTA pratIta ho rahI hai| kiMtu vivakSita artha A~kha kI pIDA se pIDita kisI rogI kA dRSTi ke prati Akroza hai| yaha artha 'dRSTe' isa pada ke pluta uccAraNa karane para use saMbodhana kA rUpa banAkara AviSkRta kiyA gayA hai| kavinibaddhavaktA ke dvArA gupta vastu kA varNana dUsare ko Thagane ke lie kiyA jAtA hai, jaba ki kavi ke dvArA gupta vastu kA varNana kavi kI prauDhi batAne ke lie kiyA jAtA hai| 89. yukti alaMkAra 156-jahA~ apane marma (rahasya kA gopana karane ke lie kisI ceSTA se dUsaroM kI vaMcanA kI jAya, vahA~ yukti alaMkAra hotA hai| jaise (koI dUtI nAyaka se kaha rahI hai) nAyikA tumhArA citra banA rahI thI, para kisI ko samIpa AtA dekhakara usane hAtha meM puSpa ke dhanuSa kA citra banA diyaa| ___ yahA~ 'puSpadhanuSa kA citra banAne kI kriyA ke dvArA maiMne kAmadeva kA citra banAyA hai, isa bhrAMti ko utpanca kara apane prema ko chipAne ke lie dUsare kI vaMcanA vivakSita hai| athavA jaise'rAta ke samaya ratikrIDA karate nAyaka nAyikA ne jo bAteM kI thIM, ve gRhazuka ne suna lI thIM, prAtaH kAla ke samaya vaha totA una sArI bAtoM ko ghara ke bar3e logoM ke sAmane kahane lgaa| ise dekhakara lajita nAyikA (baha) ne apane kAna meM laTakate mANika ke Tukar3e ko usakI coMca meM DAla diyA aura isa prakAra dADima ke bIja ke bahAne usakI vANI ko banda kara diyaa|

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lokoktyaladhAraH - atra zukavAGamudraNayA tanmukhena svakIyarahasyavacanazuzrUSujanaSazcanaM kRtam / vyAjoktAvAkAragopanaM yuktau tadanyagopanamiti bhedH| yadvA,-vyAjoktAvapyuktyA gopanamiha tu kriyayA gopanam / iti bhedH| evaM ca 'AyAntamAlokya hari pratolyAm' iti zloke'pi yuktireva / / 156 // __ 90 lokoktyalaMkAraH lokapravAdAnukatirlokoktiriti bhaNyate / sahamba katicinmAsAn mIlayitvA vilocane // 157 // atra locane mIlayitveti lokvaadaanukRtiH| yathA vA madIye varadarAjastave- . nAmaiva te varada ! vAnchitadAtRbhAvaM vyAkhyAtyato na vahase varadAnamudrAm / vizvaprasiddhataraviprakulaprasUte. yajJopavItavahanaM hi na khalvapekSyam / / atrottarArdha lokavAdAnukAraH / / 157 / / / 91 chekoktyalaMkAraH chekoktiryatra lokokteH syAdarthAntaragarmitA / ___ yahA~ tote kI vANI ko baMda kara usake dvArA apane rahasyavacana ko sunane vAle gurujanoM kI vaMcanA kI gaI hai| byAjokti tathA yukti meM yaha bheda hai ki vyAjoki meM AkAra kA gopana kiyA jAtA hai, yukti meM AkAra se bhinna vastu kA gopana kiyA jAtA hai| athavA vyAjokti meM ukti ke dvArA gopana hotA hai, yahA~ kriyA ke dvArA yaha donoM kA antara hai| isa mata ke anusAra 'AyAntamAlokya hariH pratolyAM' ityAdi vyAjoki ke prasaMga meM uddhata padya meM bhI yukti alaMkAra hai| 90. lokokti alaMkAra 157-jahA~ loka pravAda (muhAvarA, lokokti Adi) kA anukaraNa kiyA jAya, vahA~ lokokti alaMkAra hotA hai, jaise (koI nAyaka virahiNI nAyikA ko saMdeza bheja rahA hai) 'he sundari, AMkhe mIca kara kucha mahIne aura gujAra lo'| yahA~ 'locane mIlayitvA' yaha lokavAdAnukRti hai| athavA jaise appayadIkSita ke hI varadarAjastava meMhe varada, Apa kA nAma hI yAcaka ko Ipsita vastu dene ke bhAva ko vyakta karatA hai, ataH Apa varadamudrA ko dhAraNa nahIM krte| saMsAraprasiddha brAhmaNakula meM utpanna vyakti se kevala yajJopavIta ko dhAraNa karane kI hI AzA nahIM kI jaatii| yahA~ uttarArdha meM lokokti kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| 91. chekokti alaMkAra 154-jahA~ lokokti ke prayoga meM koI dUsarA artha chipA ho, vahA~ kokti alaMkAra hotA hai| jaise, he mitra sA~pa hI sA~pa ke pA~va jAnatA hai| 17 kuva0

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258 kuvalayAnandaH bhujaGga eva jAnIte bhujaGgacaraNaM sakhe ! // 158 // kenacitkasyacidvRttAntaM pRSTasya samIpasthamanyaM nirdizya 'ayameva tasya hRttAntaM jAnAti' ityuktavato'yamaheH pAdAnahireva jAnAtIti lokavAdAnukAraH / atra ma cAyaM lokavidite dhanArjanAdivyApAre sahacAriNAviti viditaviSayatayA lokoktyanuvAdasya prayojane sthite rahasye'pyanaGgavyApAre tasyAyaM sahacara iti marmodghATanamapi tena garbhIkRtam / yathA vA malayamarutAM trAtA yAtA vikAsita mallikAparimalabharo bho grISmastvamutsaha se yadi / ghana ! ghaTaya taM tvaM niHsnehaM ya eva nivartane prabhavati gavAM kiM nazchinnaM sa eva dhanaMjayaH // raateer proSitAGganAsakhIvacane 'ya eva gavAM nivartane prabhavati sa eva dhanaMjayaH' ityAndhrajAtiprasiddha lokavAdAnukAraH / atrAtisaundaryazAlinImimAmapahAya dhanalipsayA prasthito rasAnabhijJatvAdgoprAya eva / tasya nivarta kastu dhanasya jetA dhanenAkRSTasya tadvimukhIkaraNena pratyAkSepakatvAdityarthAntaramapi garbhIkRtam // 158 // kisI vyakti ne kisI dUsare vyakti kA vRttAnta pUchA, isa para koI vyakti pAsa meM khar3e vyakti ko dekhakara isa Azaya se ki 'yahI usake vRttAnta ko jAnatA hai' isa lokoki kA prayoga karatA hai ki 'sA~pa hI sA~pa ke pA~va jAnatA hai'| yahA~ 'vaha vyakti tathA yaha donoM dhanArjanAdivyApAra meM sahacArI haiM, isa bAta ke prakhyAta hone se lokokti ke prayoga ke prayojana rUpa rahasya anaMgavyApAra ( kAmavyApAra ) meM bhI yaha usakA mitra hai, isa prakAra isa ukti ke dvArA rahasya kA udghATana kiyA gayA hai| ataH isa lokokti meM dUsarA artha chipA hai / athavA jaise nimne padya meM-- koI sakhI virahiNI nAyikA ke prati nAyaka ko unmukha karane ke lie bAdala ke bahAne nAyaka se kaha rahI hai - 'malaya parvata se Ane vAle dakSiNAnila ke samUha cale gaye haiM ( nAyikA ne vasaMta Rtu viraha meM hI bitA dI hai ), khilI huI mallikA ke sugaMdha ke bhAra vAlA grISma bhI samApta ho gayA hai| he bAdala, yadi tuma utsAha karo, to usa sneha zUnya nAyaka ko isase milA sakate ho| zatruoM ke dvArA harI gaI gAyoM ko vApasa lauTAne samartha ho, vahI 'dhanaMjaya' (arjuna) kahalAtA hai| 1 (yahA~ caturtha caraNa meM eka ora arjuna ke dvArA rAjA virATa kI gAyoM ko lauTA lAne kI paurANika kathA kI ora saMketa kiyA gayA hai, dUsarI ora yaha ukti AMdhradeza meM prasiddha lokokti hai | ) dhana kI icchA se videza gaye nAyaka kI virahiNI patnI kI sakhI ke isa vacana meM 'jo gAyoM ko lauTAne meM samartha ho, vahI dhanaMjaya hai' isa AMdhralokokti kA prayoga huA hai / yahA~ yaha abhiprAya hai ki atyadhika saundarya zAlinI nAyikA ko chor3a kara dhana kI icchA se videza gayA nAyaka rasajJa na hone ke kAraNa baila ke samAna mUrkha hai / use vaha lA sakatA

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vakroktyalaGkAraH 256 __ 92 vakroktyalaGkAra vakroktiH zleSakAkubhyAmaparArthaprakalpanam / muzca mAnaM dinaM prAptaM neha nandI harAntike // 159 // atra 'mAnaM muJca, prayAtA rAtriH' ityAzayenoktAyAM vAci nandinaM prAptaM mA muzcetyarthAntaraM zleSeNa parikalpitam / yathA vA aho kenezI buddhi ruNA tava nirmitA ? / triguNA zrUyate buddhirna tu dArumayI kacit / / idamavikRtazleSavakrokterudAharaNam / vikRtazleSavakrokteryathA bhavitrI rambhoru ! tridazavadanaglAniradhunA sa te rAmaH sthAtA na yudhi purato lakSmaNasakhaH / hai jo use dhana se vimukha banA sake ataH vaha dhana kA vijayI hogA, isa arthAntara kI pratIti isa lokokti se ho rahI hai| ataH yahA~ chekokti alaMkAra hai| 92. vakrokti alaMkAra 159-jahA~ zleSa yA kAku meM se kisI eka ke dvArA arthAntara kI kalpanA kI jAya, vahA~ vakrokti alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise, (koI nAyaka nAyikA se mAna chor3ane ko kaha rahA hai|) he priye, mAna ko chor3a de, dekha aba to dina ho gayA (tU rAta bhara mAna karake baiThI rahI, aba to prasanna ho jA)( isameM 'muJca mA naMdinaM prAptaM' se-'pAsa Aye nandI ko na chor3anA' yaha artha lekara nAyikA uttara detI hai-) 'yahA~ naMdI kahA~ hai, are naMdI to ziva jI ke pAsa hai| ___ yahA~ 'mAna chor3a do, rAta calI gaI' isa Azaya se kahI nAyakokti meM nAyikA ne 'pAsa Aye naMdI ko na chor3a denA' yaha arthAntara kalpanA kI gaI hai, ataH yahA~ vakrokti alaMkAra hai / athavA jaise_koI nAyaka IrSyAmAna-kaSAyita nAyikA se kaha rahA hai-arI kaThora hRdaye, kisane terI yaha buddhi itanI kaThora (dAruNA, lakar3I ke dvArA) banA dI hai ? (nAyikA kA uttara hai-) buddhi triguNa (satva, rajasa , tamas) se yukta to sunI jAtI hai, lakar3I se banI to kahIM na sunI gaI hai| (yahA~ 'dAruNA' pada (strIliMga prathamakavacana rUpa)-kaThora artha meM prayukta huA hai, isI kA vakrokti se 'dAruNA' (napuMsaka tRtIyaikavacana rUpa)-lakar3I ke dvArA yaha anya . artha kalpita kiyA gayA hai|) yaha avikRtazleSavakrokti kA udAharaNa hai| vikRtazleSavakrokti kA udAharaNa nimna hai: rAvaNa sItA se kaha rahA hai :-'he rambhoru sIte, aba devatAoM ke mukha kI zobhA phIkI par3a jAyagI, vaha terA rAma lakSmaNa ke sAtha yuddha meM na Thahara pAyagA, yaha vAnaroM kI senA aba ghora vipatti kA sAmanA karegI (athavA aba svarga meM calI jaaygii)|' isakA

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kuvalayAnandaH iyaM yAsyatyuzca vipadamadhunA pAnaracamU ladhiSThedaM SaSThAkSaraparavilopAt paTha punaH / / sarvamidaM zabdazleSamUlAyA vakrokterudAharaNam | arthazleSamUlAyA vakrokteryathA bhikSArthI sa ka yAtaH sutanu ! balimakhe tANDavaM kAdya bhadre ! __ manye vRndAvanAnte ka nu sa mRgazizunaiva jAne varAham / bAle ! kazcinna dRSTo jaraThavRSapatirgopa evAsya vettA lolAsaMlApa itthaM jalanidhihimavatkanyayostrAyatAM naH / / kAkA yathA asamAlocya kopaste nocito'yamitIritA | naivocito'yamiti taM tADayAmAsa maalyaa| atranavocito'yamiti kAkusvaravikAreNocita evetyarthAntarakalpanam / / 156 / / 93 svabhAvoktyalaGkAraH svabhAvoktiH svabhAvasya jAtyAdisthasya varNanam / uttara dete hue sItA kahatI hai 'isa ukti ke pratyeka caraNa se chaThe akSara ke para akSara (saptama) kA lopa kara phira se par3ho'-(isa prakAra saptamAkSara kA lopa karane para artha hogA-'aba rAvaNa ke mukha kI glAni hone vAlI hai, lakSmaNa ke sAtha rAma yuddha meM khar3e raheMge, vAnaroM kI senA ucca pada (vijaya) ko prApta kregii)| upayukta ye saba udAharaNa zabdazleSamUlA vakrokti ke haiN| artha zleSamUlAvakrokti kA udAharaNa nimna hai:lakSmI Akara pArvatI se pUchatI haiM-'vaha bhikSArthI kahA~ gayA ? pArvatI uttara detI haiM:-'he sutanu vaha bali ke yajJa meM gayA hai|' 'he bhadra Aja tANDava kahA~ hogA ? 'zAyada vRndAvana meM hogaa|' 'vaha mRgazizu (mahAdeva ke dvArA hAtha meM dhAraNa kiyA mRga zizu) kahA~ hai ? 'mujhe varAha kA patA nahIM hai|' 'he' pAle, usa bUDhe baila kA mAlika (athavA vaha bUDhA baila)kahIM nahIM dikhAI diyaa|' 'ise to gvAlA hI jAna sakatA hai'-isa prakAra lacamI tathA pArvatI kA lIlAsaMlApa hamArI rakSA kre| (yahA~ laghamI zivaparaka ukti kahatI haiM, pArvatI arthazleSamaya vakrokti ke dvArA use viSNuparaka banAkara arthAntara kI kalpanA kara letI haiN)| kAku vakrokti jaise, koi nAyaka IrSyAmAnAviSTa nAyikA se kahatA hai-'binA soce samajhe terA kopa karanA ThIka nhiiN|' yaha kahane para nAyikA kAku ke dvArA uttara detI hai-'yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai' tathA use mAlA se pITatI hai| isa prakAra yahA~ yaha bhI ucita nahIM hai| isa kAku svara ke vikAra ke dvArA 'ucita hI hai' yaha arthAntara kalpita kiyA gayA hai| 93. svabhAvokti alaMkAra 160-kisI padArtha kI jAti, gaNa, kriyA ke anusAra usake svabhAva kA varNana karane

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bhAvikAlakAraH 261 kuraGgaruttaraGgAkSaiH stabdhakarNairudIkSyate // 160 // yathA vA tau saMmukhapracalitau savidhe gurUNAM mArgapradAnarabhasaskhalitAvadhAnau / pArthopasarpaNamubhAvapi bhinnadika kRtvA muhurmuhurupAsaratAM salajjam // 160 // 94 bhASikAlaGkAraH bhAvikaM bhUtabhAvyarthasAkSAtkArasya varNanam / ahaM vilokaye'dyApi yudhyante'tra surAsurAH // 161 // sthAnabhISaNatvodbhAvanaparamidam / yathA vA adyApi tiSTati hathoridamuttarIyaM dhatuM puraH stanataTAtpatitaM pravRtte / vAcaM nizamya nayanaM mameti kiMcittadA yadakarosmitamAyatAkSI / / 161 / / para svabhAvokti alaMkAra hotA hai| jaise caMcala bAloM vAle, stabdhakarNa hirana dekha rahe haiN| (yahA~ hiraNoM ke svabhAva kA varNana hone se svabhAvokti alaMkAra hai|) athavA jaise koI nAyaka-nAyikA ghara ke bar3e logoM ke pAsa eka dUsare kI ora cle| ve eka dUsare ko rAstA dene kI tejI meM sAvadhAnI bhUla jAte haiM, isase unake viparIta caMga bAyedAyeM aMga eka dUsare se bAra-bAra ragar3a khA jAte haiN| isake bAda ve lajita ho kara vahA~ se bhaga jAte haiN| (yahA~ salajja vyaktiyoM kI kriyA kA svAbhAvika varNana hai|) 94. bhAvika bhalaMkAra 161-jahA~ bhUta kAla yA bhaviSyat kAla kI vastu kA vartamAna (sAtAkAra) ke haMga para varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ bhAvika alaMkAra hotA hai| jaise, maiM Aja bhI yaha dekha rahA hU~, ki yahA~ devatA va daitya yuddha kara rahe haiN| __ yahA~ sthAna kI bhISaNatA batAne ke lie bhUta kAla kI ghaTanA ko pratyaka ke rUpa meM kahA gayA hai| athavA jaisekisI nAyikA kA stanavasa nIce gira gayA thaa| usane 'merA vastra (nayana) kahA~ hai, merA vastra (nayana) kahA~ hai' isa prakAra musakarAte va musakarAhaTa ke kAraNa sphIta bhA~khoM ko dhAraNa karate kucha kahA / nAyaka kaha rahA hai-mujhe Aja bhI aisA pratIta hotA hai, jaise nAyikA kA uttarIya Aja bhI merI A~khoM ke sAmane hai, aura stanataTa se gire usako maiM pakaDane hI jA rahA hU~ ki vaha musakurAhaTa se sphIta A~khoM vAlI 'merA nayana kahA~ hai, merA nayana kahA~ hai' isa prakAra kaha rahI hai|

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262 kuvalayAnandaH 95 udAttAlaGkAraH udAttamRddhecaritaM zlAghyaM cAnyopalakSaNam / sAno yasyAbhavadyuddhaM taddhRrjaTikirITinoH // 162 // idaM zlAghyacaritasyAnyAGgatve udAharaNam / RddhyudAharaNaM yathA [vidhukaraparirambhAdAttaniSyandapUrNaiH zazadRSadupakluptairAlavAlastarUNAm / viphalitajalasekaprakriyAgauraveNa, vyaraci sa hRtacittastatra bhaimIvanena / / ] ratnastambheSu saMkrAntaiH pratibimbazatairvRtaH / jJAto laMkezvaraH kRcchrAdAJjaneyena tattvataH // 162 / / 96 atyuktyalaGkAraH atyuktiradbhUtAtathyazauryaudAryAdivarNanam / tvayi dAtari rAjendra ! yAcakAH kalpazAkhinaH // 163 // yahA~ bhUtakAla kI ghaTanA ko nAyaka ne vartamAna ke DhaMga para kahA hai| ataH bhAvika alaMkAra hai|) __95. udAtta alaMkAra 162-jahA~ samRddhi kA varNana ho, athavA kisI anya vastu ke aMga ke rUpa meM zlAghya carita kA varNana ho, vahA~ udAtta alaMkAra hotA hai, jaise (yaha vahI parvata hai) jisake zikhara para ziva aura arjuna kA yuddha huA thaa| yahA~ kArikAdha kA udAharaNa zlAghya carita vAlA udAharaNa hai / samRddhi ke varNana vAlA udAharaNa nimna hai:__ naiSadhIya carita ke dvitIya sarga se damayantI ke upavana kA varNana hai| 'damayantI ke usa upavana ne; jisameM candramA kI kiraNoM ke AliMgana (sparza) se cUte hue rasa se bhare, candrakAntamaNiyoM ke bane vRkSoM ke AlavAla ke dvArA vRkSoM kI jalaseka kriyA vyartha ho gaI thI; haMsa kA mana hara liyA (haMsa ko hRtacitta banA diyaa)| yahA~ damayantI ke upavana kI samRddhi kA varNana pAyA jAtA hai, ataH udAtta alaMkAra hai| isI kA dUsarA udAharaNa yaha hai: hanumAn vAstavika laMkezvara (rAvaNa) ko isalie kaThinatA se jAna pAye ki vaha sabhAbhavana ke ratnastambhoM meM pratiphalita saikar3oM pratibiMboM se ghirA huA thaa| yahA~ rAvaNa ke sabhAbhavana kI samRddhi kA varNana hone se udAtta alaMkAra hai| 96. atyukti alaMkAra 163-jahA~ zaurya, udAratA Adi kA adbhuta tathA jhUThA (atathya) varNana kiyA jAya, (jahA~ kisI ke zauryAdi ko jhUThe hI bar3hA car3hA kara batAyA jAya), vahA~ atyukti alaMkAra

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atyuktyalaGkAraH 263 __ iymaudaaryaatyuktiH| zauryAtyuktiryathA rAjan ! sptaapykuupaaraastvtprtaapaanishossitaaH| punastvadvairivanitAbASpapUreNa puuritaaH|| saMpadatyuktAvudAttAlaGkAraH / zauryAtyuktAvatyuktyalaGkAra iti bhedamAhuH / anayoranavadyAGgi ! stanayojRmbhamANayoH / avakAzo na paryAptastava bAhulatAntare / / alpaM nirmitamAkAzamanAlocyaiva vedhsaa| idamevaMvidhaM bhAvi bhavatyAH stanamaNDalam / / iti sadasaduktitAratamyenAtizayoktyatyuktyorbhedaH / / 163 / / hotA hai| jaise, (koI kavi rAjA kI dAnavIratA kI prazaMsA karate kahatA hai)he rAjan , tumhAre dAtA banane para kalpavRkSa bhI yAcaka bana gaye haiN| ___ yahA~ rAjA kI udAratA (dAnazIlatA) kI atyukti hai| zaurya kI atyukti kA udAharaNa nimna hai : koI kavi kisI rAjA kI vIratA kA atyuktipUrNa varNana karatA hai :-he rAjan , tumhArI pratApAgni ke tApa se sAtoM samudra sUkha gaye the, kiMtu tumhAre zatruoM kI striyoM ke azrupravAha se ve phira bhara diye gye| udAtta tathA atyukti meM yaha bheda hai ki sampatti (samRddhi)kA atyuktimaya varNana hone para udAtta hotA hai, zauryAdi kA atyuktimaya varNana hone para atyukti / __ atizayokti tathA atyukti donoM meM khAsa bheda yaha hai ki atizayokti meM asadukti mAtra hotI hai, jaba ki atyukti atyanta asadukti hotI hai / isa prakAra atizayokti tathA atyukti meM mAtrAtmaka yA tAratamika bheda hai| isI ko spaSTa karane ke lie yahA~ donoM kA eka eka udAharaNa dete haiM, jisase yaha bheda aura spaSTa ho jAya / ___ 'he prazasta aMgoM vAlI sundari, ina bar3hate hue stanoM ke lie tere donoM bA~hoM ke bIca paryApta sthAna nahIM hai|' (isa paca meM sambandhe asambandharUpA atizayokti hai| yahA~ bhI kavi ne atathya yA asat ukti kA prayoga kiyA hai, para vaha utanI prabala nahIM hai, jitanI ki agale padya meN|) ___ brahmA ne yaha soce binA hI ki tumhArA stanamaNDala itanA vizAla ho jAyagA, AkAza bahuta choTA bnaayaa| (yahA~ atyukti hai, kyoMki atyanta asata, ukti kA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai|) TippaNI-atyukti kA samAveza atizayokti meM nahIM ho sktaa| yadyapi yahA~ bhI atathya kA varNana to hotA hai, tathApi vaha adbhuta hotA hai| adbhuta vizeSaNa ke kAraNa yahA~ lakSaNa se atyantAtathyarUpa varNana kI bhAvanA hai| (anayorityatrAsaduktimAtram / alpamiti padye svatyantAsaduktiriti tAratamyenetyarthaH / tathA cAddhateti vizeSaNAdatyantAtathyarUpatvalAbhAnAtizayoktAvativyAptiriti bhaavH| (candrikA pR0 178)

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264 kuvalayAnandaH 97 niruktyalaGkAraH nirUktiyogato nAmnAmanyArthatvaprakalpanam / IdRzaizcaritairjAne satyaM doSAkaro bhavAn / / 164 // yathA vA purA kavInAM gaNanAprasaGge kaniSThikAdhiSThitakAlidAsA / adyApi tattulyakaverabhAvAdanAmikA sArthavatI babhUva || 164 // 98 pratiSedhAlaGkAraH pratiSedhaH prasiddhasya niSedhasyAnukIrtanam / na dyUtametatkitava ! krIDanaM nizitaiH zaraiH // 165 // nirghAto niSedhaH svato'nupayuktatvAdarthAntaraM garbhAkaroti / tena cArutvAnvi. to'yaM pratiSedhanAmAlaGkAraH / udAharaNaM yuddharaGge pratyavatiSThamAna zAkunika prati vidagdhavacanam / atra yuddhasyAkSadyatatvAbhAvo niti eva kIrtyamAnastatraiva tava 97. nirukti alaMkAra 164-jahA~ yaugika artha ke dvArA ( yoga ke dvArA) kinhIM vastuoM ke nAma kI anyArtha kalpanA kI jAya, vahA~ nirukti alaMkAra hotA hai, jaise (koI virahiNI candramA ko phaTakAratI kaha rahI hai) tumhAre isa prakAra hameM satAne se yaha siddha hotA hai ki tuma sacamuca doSAkara (dorSoM kI khAna; doSA (rAtri) ke karane vAle-candramA) ho| yahA~ candramA kA nAma 'doSAkara' hai, jisakA artha naye DhaMga se 'doSa+ Akara' (doSoM kI khAna) kalpita kiyA gayA hai| ataH yahA~ nirukti alaMkAra hai| isI kA dUsarA udAharaNa nimna hai :___ 'purAne jamAne meM jaba kabhI kaviyoM kI gaNanA kI jAtI thI to kAlidAsa kA nAma kaniSTikA aMguli para sthita rahatA thaa| Aja bhI kAlidAsa ke samAna koI kavi na huA isalie kaniSThikA ke bAda kI aMguli anAmikA sArthavatI ho gii| __ yahA~ 'anAmikA' nAma kI vyutpatti (nirukti) kavina dUsare DhaMga se yaha kI hai ki kAlidAsa ke bAda kisI kavi ke usake samAna pratibhAzAlI na hone ke kAraNa agalI 'aMgali para ginane ko koI nAma na milA, ataH usakA 'anAmikA' (na vidyate kavinAma yasyAM sA) nAma sArthaka ho gyaa| 98. pratiSedha alaMkAra 165-jahA~ prasiddha niSedha kA varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ pratiSedha alaMkAra hotA hai, jaise (yuddha meM sthita kisI catakrIDArata vyakti se koI kaha rahA hai) he dhUrta, yaha jue kA khela nahIM hai, yaha to tIkSNa bANoM kA khela hai| prasiddha niSedha svataH anupapukta hone ke kAraNa kisI anya artha ko pragaTa karatA hai| isalie cArutA se yukta hone ke kAraNa yaha pratiSedha nAmaka alaMkAra kahalAtA hai| udAharaNa kisI catura vyakti kA vacana hai, jo yuddhasthala meM sthita kisI takAra (zAkunika) se kahA gayA hai| yahA~ yuddha svayaM hI dhUtakrIDA se bhinna hai, yaha prasiddha bAta hai, kiMtu isa

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vidhyalaGkAraH 265 M prAgalbhyaM na yuddhe vyutpattigraho'stItyupahAsaM garbhIkaroti, tacca 'kitava' ityanenAviSkRtam / yathA vA na viSeNa na zastreNa nAgninA na ca mRtyunA / apratIkArapAruSyAH strIbhireva striyaH kRtAH // atra strINAM viSAdinirmitatvAbhAvaH prasiddha eva kIrtyamAnastAsA viSAdyatizAyi krauryamityamumartha vyaktIkaroti, sa cApratIkArapAruSyA iti pratIkAravadubhyo viSAdibhyastAsAM vizeSaM darzayatA vizeSaNenAviSkRtaH / / 165 / / 99 vidhyalaMkAraH siddhasyaiva vidhAnaM yattamAhurvidhyalaMkRtim / paJcamodacane kAle kokilaH kokilo'bhavat // 266 // nirjJAtavidhAnamanupayuktibAdhitaM sadarthAntaragarbhIkaraNena cAstaramiti taM vidhinAmAnamalaGkAramAhuH / udAharaNe kokilasya kokilatvavidhAnamanupayuktaM sadatimadhurapaJca madhvanizAlitayA sakalajanahRdyatvaM garbhIkaroti / taca 'pacamodane' iti kAlavizeSaNenAviSkRtam / nirzAta niSedha kA varNana isalie kiyA gayA hai ki usa ukti se 'are dyUtakAra terI kuzalatA to akSakrIDA meM hI hai, yuddha ke viSaya meM tU kyA jAne' isa prakAra kA upahAsa yaJjita ho rahA hai| isako 'kitava' zabda ke dvArA pragaTa kiyA gayA hai| 1 athavA jaise triyoM kI paruSatA ( kaThoratA ) kA koI pratIkAra nahIM hai| ve na to viSa se banAI gaI hai, na zastra se, na abhi se yA mRtyu se hI / vastutaH striyoM kI racanA striyoM ke hI upAdAna kAraNa se kI gaI hai / yahA~ striyoM kA viSAdi ke dvArA na banAyA jAnA prasiddha hI hai, kintu usakA varNana isalie kiyA gayA hai ki vaha isa bAta kI vyaJjanA karA sake ki striyA~ viSAdi se bhI adhika krUra haiN| yaha vyaJjanA 'apratIkAra - pAruSyAH' pada ke dvArA ho rahI hai, jisakA bhAva hai ki viSAdi kA to koI ilAja bhI hai, para striyoM kI paruSatA kA koI ilAja nahIM, ataH ina sabase bar3ha kara krUra haiM / 99. vidhi alaMkAra 166 - jahA~ pUrvataH siddha vastu kA punaH vidhAna kiyA jAya, vahA~ vidhi alakAra hotA hai (yaha pratiSedha alaMkAra kA bilakula ulaTA hai ), jaise, paJcama svara ke pragaTa karane ke samaya hI koyala koyala hotI hai / jahA~ prasiddha pUrvasiddha vastu ko, jo kisI yukti ke dvArA bAdhita nahIM hai, phira se varNita kiyA jAya, vahA~ kisI anya artha kI vyaMjanA ke atizaya saundarya ke kAraNa ise vidhi nAmaka alaMkAra kahate haiN| udAharaNa meM, kokila kA kokila bananA anupayukta hai, isake dvArA madhura paJcamasvara ke kAraNa samasta vizva ko priya hone kA bhAva vyaMgya hai| yaha 'paJcamodaMcane kAle' ke dvArA spaSTa kiyA gayA hai / athavA jaise.

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266 kuvalayAnandaH yathA vA ( u0 rAma0 2 / 10) he hasta dakSiNa ! mRtasya zizojisya ____ jIvAtave visRja zUdramunau kRpANam | rAmasya gAtramasi nirbharagarbhakhinna ___ sItAvivAsanapaToH karuNA kutaste ? / / atra rAmasya svahastaM prati 'rAmasya gAtramasi' iti vacanamanupayuktaM sat 'rAmasya' ityanena svasyAtyantaniSkaruNatvaM grbhiikroti| tacca 'nirbhare'tyAdivizeSaNenAviSkRtam / yadyapyanayovidhiniSedhayorudAharaNeSu vyaGga-thAnyarthAntarasaMkramitavAcyarUpANi tathApi na dhvanibhAvAspadAni, svoktyaiva vyaGga vizeSAviSkaraNAt / vyaGgathAviSkaraNe cAlaGkAratvameveti prAkprastutAGkuraprakaraNe vyavasthitatvAt / pUrva bAdhitau vidhipratiSedhau AkSepabhedatvenoktau / iha tu prasiddhau vidhipratiSedhau tatpratidvandvinAvalaMkAratvena varNitAviti bhedaH / / 166 / / 100 hetvalaGkAraH hetorhetumatA sAdhaM varNanaM heturucyate / asAvudeti zItAMzurmAnacchedAya subhruvAm // 167 // uttararAmacarita se rAma kI ukti hai / ve apane dAhine hAtha se kaha rahe haiM :-he dakSiNa hasta, brAhmaNa ke mRta putra ko punarjIvita karane ke lie tU zUdramuni kI ora khaDga uThA le| are tU usa niSkaruNa rAma ke zarIra kA aGga hai, jisane garbha se khinna sItA ko vanade diyA / tujhe karuNA kahA~ se ?' ___ yahA~ rAma ke dvArA apane hI hAtha ke lie prayukta vacana 'tU rAma ke zarIra kA aGga hai' ThIka nahIM dikhAI par3atA, kiMtu 'rAmasya' isa pada ke dvArA yahA~ rAma ke atyadhika nirdaya hone ke bhAva ko vyakta karatA hai / yaha 'nirbhara' ityAdi vizeSaNa ke dvArA pragaTa kiyA gayA hai| yadyapi vidhi tathA pratiSedha ke ina udAharaNoM meM vyaMgyArtha arthAntarasaMkramitavAcyarUpa pAye jAte haiM, tathApi inheM dhvanikAvya ke udAharaNa nahIM kahA jA sktaa| kyoMki ukti ke dvArA hI vyaMgyavizeSa ko pragaTa kara diyA gayA hai| jahA~ vyaMgya spaSTa ho jAya, vahA~ alaMkAra hI mAnA jAnA cAhie, isa bAta kI sthApanA hama prastutAMkura alaMkAra ke praka. raNa meM kara cuke haiN| pUrvabAdhita vidhiniSedha ko hamane AkSepa alaGkAra ke bheda mAnA hai| yahA~ varNita vidhi pratiSedha nAmaka alaMkAra prasiddha hone kAraNa (pUrva bAdhita na hone ke kAraNa) unake pratidvandvI haiM, ataH ve alaga se alaMkAra mAne gaye haiM (tathA inakA AkSepa ke una bhedoM meM antarbhAva nahIM ho sktaa)| 100. hetu alaMkAra 167-jahA~ hetumAn (kArya) ke sAtha hetu (kAraNa) kA varNana kiyA jAya, vahA~ hetu nAma alaMkAra hotA hai| jaise, yaha candramA sundara bhauMhoM vAlI ramaNiyoM ke mAna kA khaMDana karane ke lie udaya ho rahA hai|

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hetvalakAraH 267 yathA vA eSa te vidrumacchAyo marumArga ivAdharaH / kasya no tanute tanvi ! pipAsAkulitaM manaH ? // mAne necchati vArayatyupazame damAmAlikhantyAM hriyAM svAtantrye parivRtya tiSThati karau vyAdhUya dhairya gate / tRSNe | tvAmanubadhnatA phalamiyatprAptaM janenAmunA yatspRSTo na padA sa eva caraNau spaSTuM na sammanyate / / ityAdhudAharaNam / / 167 // hetu hetumatoraikyaM hetuM kecit pracakSate / lakSmIvilAsA viduSAM kaTAkSA veGkaTaprabhoH // 168 // yahA~ 'candramA kA udaya honA' hetu (kAraNa) hai tathA ramaNiyoM ke mAna kA khaNDana honA hetumAn (kArya) hai| yahA~ candrodaya kA varNana ramaNImAnaccheda ke sAtha kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha hetu nAmaka alaMkAra kA udAharaNa hai| isI alaMkAra ke anya udAharaNa nimna haiM :__ he sundari, marusthala ke mArga ke samAna vidrumacchAya (vidruma maNi ke samAna lAla kAMtivAlA vRkSoM kI chAyA se rahita) terA adhara, batA to sahI, kisake mana ko pyAsa se vyAkula nahIM banA detA? ___ yahA~ 'vidrumacchAyaH' meM zleSa hai| isa padya meM tanvI ke panarAgasadRza adharoSTha hetu (kAraNa) tathA usake darzana se cuMbanecchA kA udaya hetumAn (kArya) donoM kA sAtha sAtha varNana kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha hetu alaMkAra kA udAharaNa hai| hetu kA anya udAharaNa nimna hai : koI kavi tRSNA kI bhartsanA karatA kaha rahA hai| jaba mAna kI icchA na thI, zAMti manA kara rahI thI, lajjA pRthvI para gira par3I thI, svatantratA mu~ha mor3e khar3I thI, dhairya hAtha mala mala kara pachatA kara calA gayA thA, he tRSNe, usa samaya terA anusaraNa karate hue vyakti ne jo phala prApta kiyA, vaha yaha hai ki jisa vyakti ko hama paira se bhI chUnA pasaMda nahIM karate the, vahI nIca Aja apane paira bhI nahIM pakar3ane detaa| __ yahA~ tRSNA rUpa hetu kA varNana usake kArya ke sAtha sAtha kiyA gayA hai, ataH isameM hetu alaMkAra hai| 168-kucha AlaMkArika hetu tathA hetumAn ke abheda (aikya) ko hetu alaMkAra mAnate haiM / jaise, veMkaTarAja (nAmaka rAjA) ke kaTAkSa vidvAnoM ke lie lacamI ke vilAsa haiN| TippaNI-yaha udbhaTAdi AlaMkAriko kA mata hai / unakI paribhASA yaha hai :'hetumatA saha hetorbhidhaanmbhedtaahetuH|' yahA~ veMkaTarAja ke kRpAkaTAkSa vidvAnoM ke lie sampatti ke kAraNa haiM, yaha bhAva abhISTa hai, kintu hetu (kaTAkSa) tathA hetumAn (lakSmIvilAsa) donoM kA aikya sthApita kara diyA gayA hai, yahA~ kaTAkSoM ko hI vidvAnoM ke lakSmIvilAsa batAkara donoM meM sAmAnA. dhikaraNya sthApita kara diyA gayA hai, ataH hetu nAmaka alaMkAra hai|

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268 ~~~~~ atra ca kAryAvazyaMbhAvatacchetyAdipratyAyanArthaH kAryakAraNAbhedavyapadezaH / rUpake sAdRzyAdabhedavyapadezaH / iha kAryakAraNabhAvAditi bhedaH // yathA vA, - kuvalayAnandaH AyurdAnamahotsavasya binatakSoNIbhRtAM mUrtimAn vizvAso nayanotsavo mRgadRzAM kIrteH prakAzaH paraH / AnandaH kalitAkRtiH sumanasAM vIrazriyo jIvitaM dharmasyaiSa niketanaM vijayate vIraH kaliGgezvaraH // atra dAnamahotsavAyuSkaratvAdinA'dhyavasite rAjJi tadAyuSTrA divyapadezaH || 168 || ithaM zatamalaGkArA lakSayitvA nidarzitAH / pracAmAdhunikAnAM ca matAnyAlocya sarvataH / / 169 // atha rasavadAdyalaMkArA: rasabhAvatadAbhAsabhAvazAntinibandhanAH 1 catvAro rasavatpreya Urjasvi ca samAhitam // 170 // bhAvasya codayaH sandhiH zabalatvamiti trayaH / yahA~ kArya tathA kAraNa meM abhedasthApanA isalie kI gaI hai ki tattat kAraNa se tattat kArya avazya tathA zIghra hI hone vAlA hai / veMkaTarAja ke kRpAkaTAkSa se vidvAnoM ko nizcaya hI zIghratayA lakSmIprApti hogI, isa bhAva ke lie donoM meM abhinnatA sthApita kI gaI hai| rUpaka tathA hetu meM yaha bheda hai ki vahA~ sAdRzya ke kAraNa abheda sthApita kiyA jAtA hai, jaba ki hetu meM yaha abheda kAryakAraNabhAva ke kAraNa sthApita kiyA jAtA hai| hetu ke isa bheda kA udAharaNa nimna patha hai -- vIra kaliMgarAja kI jaya ho, ve namra rAjAoM ke lie dAnamahotsava kI Ayu haiM, ramaNiyoM ke lie netroM ko AnaMda denevAle mUrtimAn vizvAsa haiN| kIrti ke dUsare prakAza haiM, devatAoM ( yA sajjanoM ) ke lie sAkAra AnaMda haiM, jayalakSmI ke jIvana haiM, tathA dharma ke nivAsa sthAna haiM / yahA~ kaliMgarAja dAnamahotsava meM Ayu dene vAle haiM, isa kArya ke dvArA rAjA ( kAraNa ) ke sAtha abheda sthApita kara diyA gayA hai, isa prakAra usako hI 'Ayu' batA diyA gayA hai| (yahA~ kAryakAraNabhAva ko lekara Ane vAlI prayojanavatA lakSaNA kA bIjarUpa meM honA jarUrI hai| isameM ThIka vahI saraNi pAI jAtI hai, jo 'AyurdhRtam' vAlI lakSaNA meM / ) 169 - isa prakAra prAcIna tathA navIna AlaMkArikoM ke matoM kI AlocanA karate hue sau alaMkAroM kA lakSaNa dekara unake udAharaNa upanyasta kiye gaye haiM / rasavat zrAdi alaGkAra 170 - rasa, bhAva, rasAbhAsa - bhAvAbhAsa aura bhAvazAnti kramazaH rasavat, preya, Urjasvi tathA samAhita ye cAra alaMkAra hote haiM / inake atirikta bhAvodaya, bhAvasaMdhi tathA bhAvazabalatA ye tIna alaMkAra bhI hote haiN| bhAvaparaka ina sAta alaMkAroM se bhinna

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rasabadalaGkAraH 266 - aSTau pramANAlaGkArAH pratyakSapramukhAH kramAt // evaM paJcadazAnyAnapyalaGkArAn vidurbudhAH // 171 // tatra vibhAvAnubhAvavyabhicAribhirabhivyaJjito ratihAsazokAdizcittavRttivizeSo rasaH, sa yatrAparasyAGgaM bhavati tatra rsvdlngkaarH| vibhAvAnubhAvAbhyAmabhivyajito nirvedAdistrayastriMzabhedo devatAguruziSyadvijaputrAdAvabhi'vyajyamAnA ratizca bhAvaH / sa yatrAparasyAGgaM tatra preyolaGkAraH / anaucityena pravRtto raso bhAvazca rasAbhAso bhAvAbhAsazcetyucyate, sa yatrAparasyAhaM tadUrjasvi / bhAvasya prazAmyadavasthA bhaavshaantiH| tasyAparAGgatve samAhitam / bhAvasyodgamAvasthA bhAvodayaH / dvaMyorviruddhayo vayoH parasparaspardhAbhAvo bhAvasandhiH / bahUnAM bhAvAnAM pUrvapUrvopamardainotpattirbhAvazabalatA / eteSAmitarAGgatve bhAvoda. yaadyaastryo'lNkaaraaH| 101 tatra rasavadalaGkAraH tatra rasavadudAharaNam munirjayati yogIndro mahAtmA kumbhasambhavaH / yenaikaculake dRSTau divyau tau mtsykcchpau|| ATha pratyakSAdi pramANoM ko bhI kAvyAlaMkAra mAnA jAtA hai| isa prakAra AlaMkArika Upara varNita 100 alaMkAroM se itara ina 15 alaMkAroM kI bhI gaNanA karate haiN| vibhAva, anubhAva, tathA vyabhicArIbhAva ke dvArA abhivyakta ratihAsazokAdi vAlI cittavRtti rasa kahalAtI hai, yaha rasa jaba kisI anya rasa kA aMga ho jAtA hai, to vahA~ rasavat alaMkara hotA hai| vibhAva aura anubhAva ke dvArA abhivyakta nivedAdi saMcAribhAva teMtIsa prakAra kA hotA hai| devatA, guru, ziSya. brAhmaNa, putra Adi ke prati abhivyakta rati bhAva kahalAtI hai| yaha ratibhAva jahA~ anya ratibhAva kA aMga bana jAya, vahA~ preya alaMkAra hotA hai| anaucitya ke dvArA pravRtta rasa yA bhAva rasAbhAva yA bhAvAbhAsa kahalAtA hai, vaha jahA~ anya rasabhAvAbhAsa kA aMga ho, vahA~ urjasvi alaMkAra hotA hai| jahA~ koI bhAva kI avasthA zAMta ho rahI ho vaha bhAvazAnti hai| jahA~ eka bhAvazAMti anya kA aMga ho vahA~ samAhita alaMkAra hotA hai| kisI bhAva ke utpanna hone kI avasthA ko bhAvodaya karate haiN| jahA~ do paraspara virodhIbhAva eka hI kAvya meM paraspara spardhA karate hue varNita kiye jAya~ vahA~ bhAvasaMdhi hotI hai| jahA~ aneka bhAva eka sAtha eka dUsare ko haTAte due utpanna hoM, vaha bhAvazavalatA hai| inake eka dUsare ke aMga bana jAne para bhAvodaya, bhAvasaMdhi, bhAvazabalatA nAmaka alaMkAra hote haiN| (jahA~ ye anya ke aMga nahIM banate, vahA~ inakA dhvanitva hotA hai|) 101. rasavat alaMkAra rasavat kA udAharaNa jaise, 'una yogirAja mahAtmA agastyamuni kI jaya ho, jinhoMne kevala eka cullU meM hI . una alaukika mastya tathA kacchapa kA darzana kiyaa|'

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270 kuvalayAnandaH atra muniviSayaratirUpasya bhAvasyAdbhutaraso'Ggam / yathA vA ayaM sa razanotkarSI piinstnvimrdnH| nAbhyUrujaghanasparzI nivIviSesanaH karaH / / atra karuNasya zRGgAro'Ggam // 102 preyolaGkAraH preyolaGkAra eva bhAvAlaGkAra ucyate / sa yathA ( gaM0 laM0 ) kadA vArANasyAmamarataTinIrodhasi vasan vasAnaH kaupInaM zirasi nidadhAno'zcalipuTam / aye gaurInAtha tripurahara zambho trinayana ! prasIdetyAkrozanimiSamiva neSyAmi divasAn / / atra zAntirasasya 'kadA' itipadasUcitazcintAkhyo vyabhicAribhAvo'Ggam / yathA vA atyuccAH paritaH sphuranti girayaH sphArAstathAmbhodhaya. yahA~ eka culla meM alaukika mastya, kacchapa kA darzana adbhuta rasa kI vyaJjanA karAtA hai, yaha adbhutarasa muniviSayaka ratibhAva kA aMga banakara agastya muni kI vaMdanA meM paryavasita ho rahA hai| ataH adbhutarasa ke aMga bana jAne ke kAraNa yahA~ rasavat alaMkAra hai / athavA jaise, 'yaha vahI (bhUrizravA kA) hAtha hai, jo karadhanI ko khIMcatA thA, puSTa stanoM kA mardana karatA thA, nAbhi, uru tathA jaghana kA sparza karatA thA aura nIvI ko DhIlA kara detA thaa|' yahA~ mahAbhArata ke yuddha meM mare hue rAjA bhUrizravA kI patniyA~ vilApa kara rahI haiN| vilApa ke samaya ve usake hAtha ko dekhakara usakI zRGgAra lIlAoM kA smaraNa karane lagatI haiN| isa udAharaNa meM pramukha rasa karuNa hai aura zRGgAra usakA aMga bana gayA hai, ataH yahA~ bhI pUrvokta udAharaNa kI bhA~ti rasavat alaMkAra hI hai| 102. preyas alaMkAra preyasa alaMkAra ko hI bhAva alaMkAra kahA jAtA hai| udAharaNa ke lie, vaha dina kaba AyagA, jana maiM vArANasI meM gaMgA ke taTa para rahatA huA, kaupIna lagAkara, sira para praNAmArtha aJjali dhAraNa kiye, 'he bhagavAn , he pArvatI ke pati, tripura kA nAza karane vAle trinayana mahAdeva, mere Upara prasanna hoo' isa prakAra cillAtA huA apane jIvana ke dinoM ko kSaNa kI taraha vyatIta kruuNgaa|' yahA~ zAMtarasa kI vyaMjanA ho rahI hai| isI udAharaNa meM 'kadA' (vaha dina kaba AyagA) isa pada ke dvArA cintA nAmaka vyabhicArIbhAva kI vyaMjanA ho rahI hai| yaha 'cintA' vyabhicArIbhAva zAntarasa kA aMga hai, ataH yahA~ preyasa alaMkAra hai| athavA jaise, 'cAroM ora bar3e bar3e pahAr3a uThe hue haiM, vizAla samudra laharA rahe haiM, he bhagavati pRthvi, ina mahAn parvatoM aura vizAla sAgaroM ko dhAraNa karate hue bhI tuma kiMcinmAtra

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UrjasvyalakAraH 271 stAnetAnapi bibhratI kimapi na zrAntAsi tubhyaM nmH| AzcaryeNa muhurmuhuH stutimiti prastaumi yAvadbhuva _ stAvadvibhradimAM smRtastava bhujau vAcastato mudritaaH| atra prabhuviSayaratibhAvasya vasumatIviSayaratibhAvo'Ggam // ___ 103 UrjasyalaMkAraH Urjasvi yathA,tvatpratyarthivasundharezataruNIH santrAsataH satvaraM yAntIri ! viluNThituM sarabhasaM yAtAH kirAtA vane / tiSThanti stimitAH prarUDhapulakAste vismRtopakramA. stAsAmuttaralaiH stanairatitarAM lolairapAGgairapi / atra prabhuviSayaratibhAvasya zRGgArarasAbhAso'Ggam / yathA vA ___ tvayi locanagocaraM gate saphalaM janma nRsiMhabhUpate ! / bhI nahIM thakatI, tumheM namaskAra hai' maiM isa prakAra bAra-bAra Azcaryacakita hokara pRthvI kI stuti karatA hU~ / rAjan , jyoMhI maiM pRthvI kI atulabhArakSamatA kI prazaMsA karane lagatA haiM, tyoMhI mujhe isa pRthvI ko bhI dhAraNa karane vAle tumhAre bhujadaNDoM kI yAda A jAtI hai aura tumhAre bhujoM kI atulabhArakSamatA ko dekhakara to merA Azcarya aura bar3ha jAtA hai, maiM mUka ho jAtA hU~, tumhArI alaukika zakti kI prazaMsA karane ke lie maiM zabda taka nahIM pAtA, merI vANI banda ho jAtI hai| yahA~ kavi kA rAjA ke prati ratibhAva vyaMgya haiM, sAtha hI pRthvI ke prati bhI kavi kA ratibhAva vyaMjita ho rahA hai / inameM rAjaviSayaka ratibhAva aMgI hai, pRthvIviSayaka ratibhAva aMga / ataH bhAva ke aMga bana jAne ke kAraNa yahA~ preyas alaMkAra hai| 103. Urjasvi alaMkAra urjasvi alaMkAra vahA~ hogA jahA~ rasAbhAsa yA bhAvAbhAsa aMga ho jAya'he vIra tumhAre Dara se tejI se vana meM bhagatI huI tumhAre zatru rAjAoM kI ramaNiyoM ko lUTane ke lie kirAta logoM ne tejI se unakA pIchA kiyaa| jaba ve unake pAsa pahuMce to unake atyadhika caMcala stanoM aura lola apAMgoM se stabdha aura romAMcita hokara ve kirAta apane vAstavika kArya (lUTamAra karane) ko bhUla gye|' yahA~ kavi kA amISTa Azraya rAjA kI vIratA kI prazaMsA karanA hai ki usane sAre zatru rAjAoM ko jIta liyA hai, aura unakI ramaNiyA~ Dara ke mAre jaMgala-jaMgala ghUma rahI haiN| yahA~ kavi kA rAjaviSayaka ratibhAva aMgI hai| zatrunRpataruNiyoM ke sauMdarya ko dekhakara kirAtoM kA unake prati mugdha ho jAnA rasAnaucitya hai, ataH yahA~ zrRMgAra rasa kA AbhAsa hai| yaha zRMgArarasAbhAsa rAjaviSayakaratibhAva kA aMga hai, ataH yahA~ Urjasvi alaMkAra hai| TippaNI-zRGgAra rasa vahA~ hotA hai jahA~ ratibhAva ubhayaniSTha hotA hai, anubhayaniSTha hone para vaha zRGgArAbhAsa hai| athavA jaise'he rAjan , tumhAre zatru rAjA yuddha meM tumase Adara pUrvaka yaha nivedana karate haiM-'he

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272 kuvalayAnandaH ajaniSTa mameti sAdaraM yudhi vijJApayati dviSAM gaNaH // atra kaveH prabhuviSayasya ratibhAvasya tadviSayadviSadguNaratirUpo bhAvAbhAso'Ggam // 104 samAhitAlaGkAraH samAhitaM yathA pazyAmaH kimiyaM prapadyata iti sthairyaM mayAlambitaM kiM rmA nAlapatItyayaM khalu zaThaH kopastayApyAzritaH / ityanyonyavilakSadRSTicature tasminnavasthAntare vyAjaM hasitaM mayA dhRtiharo muktastu bASpastayA || atra zRGgArasya kopazAntiraGgam || 105 bhAvodayAlaGkAraH bhAvodayo yathA ( naiSadha0 9166 ) - tadadya vizramya dayAluredhi me dinaM ninISAmi bhavadvilokinI / adarzi pAdena vilikhya patriNA tavaiva rUpeNa samaH sa mastriyaH // nRsiMharAja, tumheM dekhane para merA janma saphala ho gayA hai- tumhAre jaise vIra ke darzana hamAre saubhAgya ke sUcaka haiM' / yahA~ kavi kI rAjaviSayaka rati (bhAva) vyaJjita ho rahI hai| isI sambandha meM rAjA ke zatruoM ke dvArA kI gaI rAjaviSayakarati ke AbhAsa kI bhI vyaMjanA ho rahI hai / yaha dvitIya ratibhAva kA AbhAsa prathama ratibhAva kA aMga hai| ataH yahA~ Urjasvi alaMkAra hai / TippaNI - zatru rAjA ke prati rati honA anucita hai, ataH yahA~ ratibhAva na hokara ratibhAvAbhAsa hai / 104. samAhita alaMkAra jahA~ bhAvazAMti aMga bana kara Aye, vahA~ samAhita alaMkAra hotA hai, jaise, koI nAyaka apane mitra se praNayakopa kA kissA sunA rahA hai| nAyaka aura nAyikA eka dUsare para kopa karake baiThe haiN| nAyaka yaha soca kara ki dekheM yaha nAyikA kyA karatI hai, cuppI sAdha letA hai aura nAyikA kA mAna-manauvana nahIM karatA / jaba nAyaka bilakula cuppI sAdha letA hai to nAyikA yaha soca kara ki yaha duSTa mujhase kyoM nahIM bolatA hai aura adhika kupita ho jAtI hai| isa prakAra cuppI sAdha kara donoM eka dUsare ko binA kisI lakSya ke dRSTi se dekhate rahate haiN| isI avasthA ke bIca nAyaka kisI bahAne se ( kisI anya kAraNa se ) ha~sa detA hai| basa phira kyA hai, nAyikA ke A~sU kA bA~dha TUTa jAtA hai aura vaha joroM se ro par3atI hai / yahA~ nAyikA ke kopa nAmaka saMcArIbhAva kI zAMti ho rahI hai| yaha bhAvazAMti isa kAya ke aMgIrasa zrRMgAra kA aMga hai, ataH yahA~ samAhita alaMkAra hai / 105. bhAvodaya alaMkAra jahA~ bhAvodaya rasAdi kA aMga bane vahA~ bhAvodaya alaMkAra hotA hai, jaiseindrAdi devatAoM ke dUta banakara Aye hue nala se damayantI kaha rahI hai - 'he dUta, tuma aba zAnta hokara mere prati dayAlu bano; maiM tumheM dekhatI huI apanA dina bitA denA cAhatI

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mms saGkarAlaGkAra. 120 samaprAdhAnyasaGkarAlaGkAraH 19 286 samaprAdhAnyasaMkaro yathA avatu naH savitusturagAvalI samatilaGghitatuGgapayodharA / sphuritamadhyagatAruNanAyakA marakataikalateva nabhaH zriyaH // atra payodharAdizabdazleSamUlAtizayoktyAGgabhUtayotthApyamAnaiva savitRturagAvalyAM gaganalakSmImara katai kAvalItAdAtmyotprekSA nabholakSmyAM nAyikAvyavahAra* samAroparUpasamAsoktigabhaivotthApyate / payodharazabdazleSasyo bhayopakArakatvAt, tata utprekSA samAsoktyorekaH kAlaH / parasparApekSayA cArutvasamunmeSazcobhayostulya iti vinigamanAvirahAtsamaprAdhAnyam / yathA vA, - aGgulIbhiriva kezasamayaM sannigRhya timiraM marIcibhiH / 120. samaprAdhAnyasaMkara alaMkAra jahA~ eka kAvya meM aneka alaMkAra samAna rUpa se pradhAna hoM tathA eka dUsare ke aMgAMgI na hoM, vahI~ samaprAdhAnya saMkara alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise I bhagavAn sUrya kI vaha turagapaMkti hamalogoM kI rakSA kare, jo mAno AkAza-lakSmI kI vaha marakatamaNimaya ekAvalI (hAra) hai, jisane U~ce payodharoM (megha, stana ) kA ullaMghana kiyA hai aura jo dIptimAn madhyastha aruNa ( sUrya sArathi ) ke dvArA niyaMtrita hai ( atyadhika prakAzamAn madhyastha raktAbha nAyaka-maNi se yukta hai ) / yahA~ sabase pahale payodhara zabda ke liSTa prayoga se ekAvalIgata payodhara ( stana ) ke dvArA turagapaMktigata payodhara (megha) kA nigaraNa pratIta hotA hai, ataH yahA~ zabda zleSamUlA atizayokti alaMkAra hai / yaha atizayokti alaMkAra aMga banakara sUrya ke ghor3oM kI paMkti (savitRturagAvalI ) para AkAzalakSmI kI marakatamaya ekAvalI ke tAdAtmya kI saMbhAvanA karA hai, isa prakAra atizayokti utprekSA alaMkAra kI pratIti meM sahAyaka hotI hai / jisa samaya yaha utprekSA alaMkAra pratIta hotA hai, ThIka usI samaya sahRdaya ko yaha bhI pratIti hotI hai ki yahA~ AkAza-lakSmI para cetana nAyikA ke vyavahAra kA samAropa kara diyA gayA hai / isa prakAra prastuta AkAzalakSmI ke vyavahAra se aprastuta nAyikA ke vyavahAra kI vyaMjanA hotI hai, kyoMki ekAvalIdhAraNa cetana nAyikA kA hI dharma hai, acetana akAzalakSmI kA nahIM / yaha samAsokti utprekSA kI pratIti ke samaya usI ke sAtha ghula-milI pratIta hotI hai| dUsare zabdoM meM hama yoM kaha sakate haiM ki utprekSA samA soktigarbha (samAsokkisaMzliSTa ) ho kara hI pratIta hotI hai| atizayokti ke dvArA isa saMzliSTa rUpa kI pratIti isalie hotI hai ki 'payodhara' zabda kA zliSTa prayoga donoM alaMkAroM kA upaskAraka hai, ataH utprekSA va samAsokti donoM kI pratIti ekakAlAvacchinna hotI hai / yadi aisA hai, to ina donoM meM eka alaMkAra dUsare alaMkAra kA aMga hogA, isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna karate hue kahate haiM ki donoM alaMkAra eka dUsare kI apekSA camatkAra janaka haiM, tathA donoM samAnakoTika haiM, ataH kisI eka alaMkAra ke dUsare kI apekSA adhika camatkArI na hone se donoM kA samaprAdhAnya hai / athavA jaise-- 'yaha candramA apanI kiraNoM se andhakAra ko pakar3a kara banda kamala kI AMkhoM vAle 16 kuva0

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260 kuvalayAnandaH kuDmalIkRta sarojalocanaM cumbatIva rajanImukhaM zazI / / atrAnalIbhiriveti vAkyoktopamayA tatprAyapAThAnmukhyakuDamalIkaraNaliGgAnuguNyAJcopamitasamAsAzyaNena labdhayA sarojalocanamiti samAsoktopamA yAGgabhUtayotthApyamAnaiva zazikartRkanizAmukhacumbanotprekSA nizAzazinordAmpatyavyavahArasamAroparUpasamAsoktigarbhevotthApyate / upamayorubhayatrotthApakatvAvizeSAt samAsoktigarbhatAM vinA cumbanotprekSAyA nirAlambanatvAcca ! tatazcAtrApyutprekSAsamAsoktyorekakAlayoH samaprAdhAnyam / yadyapyatropamAbhyAM zazinizA. gatAveva dharmoM samayete, natu zazi-nAyakayoH nizA-nAyikayozca sAdhAraNau dhauM / sAdhAraNadharmasamarpaNaM cotprekssaasmaasoktyorpekssitm| utprekSAyAH prakRtA. prakRtasAdhAraNaguNakriyArUpanimittasApekSatvAt samAsoktervizeSaNasAmyamUlakarajanImukha ko aise cUma rahA hai, mAno vaha aMguliyoM se kezapAza ko pakar3a kara kamala ke samAna baMda AMkhoM vAle ( rajanI-) mukha ko cUma rahA ho|' ___yahA~ 'aMguliyoM ke samAna (kiraNoM se ) isa vAkyokta (vAcya) upamA ke dvArA yadi hama isa kAvya meM upamA alaMkAra ko mukhya mAna kara usa saMdarbha meM artha kareM, to 'kuDamalIkRtasarojalocanaM' meM 'kuDamalIkaraNa' (mukulita honA) jo ki puSpa yA saroja kA asAdhAraNa dharma (liMga) hai, vaha locana kA bhI asAdhAraNa dharma bana kara upamita samAsa ke dvArA 'sarojalocanaM' ke samAsa meM ukta vAcyopamA kA sahAyaka hotA hai| yaha upamA svayaM aMga bana kara candramA ke dvArA nizAmukhacuMbanarUpa (mAno nizAmukha cUma rahA hai) utprekSA kI pratIti karAtI hai| utprekSA alaMkAra kI pratIti ke samaya hI candramA tathA rAtri para nAyaka-nAyikA ke vyavahAra samAropa kI vyaMjanA hotI hai, kyoMki cuMbana kriyA dampatigata dharma hai, candrAdigata nahIM aura isa prakAra samAsokti kI pratIti hotI hai| yaha samAsokti utprekSA kI pratIti ke sAtha hI ghulImilI pratIta hotI hai| kyoMki 'aMgulIbhiriva' tathA 'sarojalocanaM' vAlI uparyukta donoM upamAe~ utprekSA tathA samAsokti donoM kI pratIti meM samAnarUpa se sahAyaka siddha hotI haiM, kisI eka hI alaMkAra kI pratIti meM vizeSa sahayoga nahIM detI, sAtha hI samAsokti alaMkAra kI pratIti ke binA cuMbanakriyA ko sambhAvanA (utprekSA) kI pratIti nahIM ho skegii| yahA~ samAsokti tathA utprekSA donoM alaMkAroM kI pratIti ekakAlAvacchinna hotI hai, ataH ye samapradhAna haiM / bhAva yaha hai, isa patha meM prathama kSaNa meM donoM upamA kI pratIti hotI hai, tadanaMtara ve dUsare kSaNa meM aMga banakara samAsokti tathA utprekSA kI pratIti karAtI haiN| . yahA~ upamA alaMkAra hai, ataH jina dharmoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, ve zazinizA (upameya) se hI saMbaddha pratIta hote haiM, prastutAprastuta-zazinAyaka aura nizAnAyikA-donoM ke sAtha sAdhAraNa dharma ke rUpa meM saMbaddha nahIM hote| upamA meM varNita dharma upameyaniSTha hote haiM, jaba ki utprekSA tathA samAsokti meM aprastuta tathA prastuta donoM meM ghaTita hone vAle dharmoM kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| isalie yaha zaMkA honA saMbhava hai ki uparyukta kAvya meM nibaddha dharma jaba candranizApakSa meM hI ghaTita hote haiM, to ve utprekSA tathA samAsokti se saMvedya aprastuta ke sAtha kaise ghaTita hoNge| isI zaMkA kA nirAkaraNa karate hue kahate haiM ki yadyapi dapta kAvya meM prayukta dharma candramA tathA rAtri ke hI pakSa meM ThIka baiThate haiM, tathA ve aise sAdhAraNa dharma nahIM haiM ki candramA-rAtri kI bhAMti nAyaka-nAyikA ke pakSa meM ghaTita ho sakeM

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saMkarAlaGkAraH 261 tvAzca / tathApi vAkyoktopamAyAmivakArasya 'marIcibhiriva' ityanvayAntaramabhyupagamyAnvayabhedalabdhasya prakRtA prakRtayorekai kaviSayasyArthadvayasya samAsoktopamAyAM 'sarojasadRzaM locanam' iti samAsAntaramabhyupagamya samAsabhedalabdhArthadvayasya cAbhedAdhyavasAyena sAdhAraNyaM sampAdya ca tayorutprekSAsamAsoktyoraGgatA nirvAhyA / yadvA - iha prakRta koTigatAnAM marIcitimirasarojAnAmaprakRta koTigatAnAM cAlikezasaJcayalocanAnAM ca tanudIrghAruNatvanIlanIrandhratva kA nti mattvAdinA sahazAnAM prAtisvikarUpeNa bhedavat anugatasAdRzyaprayojakarUpeNAbhedo'pyasti sa kyoMki utprekSA tathA samAsokti ke lie yaha jarUrI hai ki dharmaM sAmAnyaniSTha ho, vizeSaniSTha nahIM - yaha isalie ki utprekSA meM prakRta ( mukha ) tathA aprakRta ( candrAdi ) kI samAna guNakriyArUpa ko lekara usake AdhAra para prakRta meM aprakRta kI saMbhAvanA karanA Avazyaka hotA hai, tathA samAsokti meM prastuta tathA aprastuta ke lie tulyavizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai -- tathApi vAkya meM upAtta ( vAkyokta) upamA meM prayukta 'iva' se 'marIcibhiriva' isa dUsare DhaMga se anvaya karake isa bhinna anvaya se prApta arthadvaya se, jo ki prakRta ( candrapakSa ) tathA aprakRta (nAyakapakSa) donoM meM ghaTita hotA hai, samAsoka upamA ( sarojalocanaM isa samAsa meM prApta luptopamA) ke vigraha meM bhI 'sarojasadRza locana' isa prakAra bhinna prakAra kA samAsavigraha mAnakara, isase pratIta arthadvaya ke lene para prakRta tathA aprakRta pakSa meM abhedapratIti hone ke kAraNa sAdhAraNadharma kI sattA saMpAdita ho jAyagI' isa saraNi meM ye donoM ( vAkyokta tathA samAsokta - 'aMgulIbhiriva marIcibhiH' tathA 'sarojalocanaM' ) upamAe~, utprekSA tathA samAsokti kI aMga bana sakatI haiM / bhAva yaha hai ki upamA kI pratIti karate samaya hama isa saraNi kA Azraya le sakate haiM ki nAyaka pakSa meM anvita 'aMguli' tathA 'locana' ko upameya mAnakara candrapakSa meM anvita 'marIci' tathA 'saroja' ko upamAna banA diyA jAya, tathA vAkyokta upamA meM iva kA anvaya 'marIcibhiH' ke sAtha kareM tathA samAsokta upamA meM 'saroja ke samAna locana' ( saroja sadRzaM locanaM ) yaha vigraha kareM, 'saroja locana ke samAna' ( saroja locana miva ) nahIM / isa prakAra kI upamAsaraNi kA Azraya lenepara to sAdhAraNadharma nAyakanAyikA ke pakSa meM bhI ThIka baiTha hI jAtA hai aura isa taraha nAyaka-nAyikA vRttAMta ke poSaka utprekSA tathA samAsokti alaMkAroM kA donoM upamAe~ aMga ho hI jAtI haiN| siddhAMta pakSI eka dUsarI saraNi kA bhI saMketa karatA hai, jisase ye upamAe~ utprekSA va samAsokti ke aMga mAnI jA sakatI haiM / hama dekhate haiM isa kAvya meM varNita kucha padArtha prakRta (upameya ) haiM, kucha aprakRta ( upamAna ) / inameM kiraNeM, aMdhakAra tathA kamala prakRta haiM, kyoMki ye candra aura nizA se saMbaddha haiM tathA aMguli, kezapAza aura netra aprakRta haiM. kyoMki ve aprastuta nAyaka-nAyikAdi se saMbaddha haiN| para itanA hote hue bhI inameM kucha dRSTi se samAnatA pAI jAtI hai, kucha dRSTi se asamAnatA / ina padArthoM meM yaha samAnatA pAI jAtI hai ki kiraNeM tathA aMguli donoM patalI, laMbI, tathA rakkAma haiM ( donoM meM tanudIrghAruNatva' samAna guNa vidyamAna hai ); aMdhakAra tathA kezapAza donoM nIle tathA saghana haiM ( donoM meM nIlanIrandhatvAdi samAna guNa pAyA jAtA hai), aura saroja tathA locana donoM sundara haiM (donoM meM kAMtimacca samAnadharma hai)| isa dRSTi se ye donoM eka dUsare ke samAna haiM, kintu inakA vAstavika rUpa bhinna hai, kyoMki aMguli meM jo 'aMguliva' haiM vaha 'marIci ' meM nahIM, vahA~ 'marIcitva' pAyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra inameM kevala yahI samAnatA hai ki

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22 kuvalayAnandaH cAtra vivakSita eva / bhedAbhedobhayapradhAnopametyAlaMkArikasiddhAntAt / tatra ca prayAjakANDaniSkarSanyAyenAbhedagarbhatAMzopajIvanena sAdhAraNyaM sampAdya pradhAnabhUtotprekSAsamAsoktyaGgatA nirvAhyA / na hi prakAzazItApanayanazaktimataH sauratejasaH zItApanayanazaktimAtreNa zItAlUpayogitA na dRSTA / / evamanabhyupagame ca, ____ 'pANDyo'yamaMsArpitalambahAraH kluptAGgarAgo haricandanena | donoM meM sAdRzya ko sthApita karane vAlA eka sAdhAraNa dharma pAyA jAtA hai aura isa sAdhAraNadharma kI pratIti karAnA kavi kA svayaM kA abhISTa hai hii| isalie yahA~ bhedAbhedobhayapradhAnopamA mAnI jAyagI, aisA AlaMkArikoM kA mata hai| TippaNI-sAdharmya ke tIna rUpa mAne jAte haiM:-bhedapradhAna, abhedapradhAna, bhedAbhedapradhAna / vaidyanAtha ne batAyA hai ki upamA, ananvaya, upameyopamA tathA smaraNa nAmaka alaMkAroM meM sAdhAraNa dharma bhedAbhedapradhAna hotA hai: 'sAdhaya trividhaM bhedapradhAnamabhedapradhAnaM bhedAbhedapradhAnaM ca / upamAnanvayopameyopamAsmaraNAnAM bhedAbhedasAdhAraNasAdharmyamUlattvam // ' - isa prakAra yahA~ prayAjakANDaniSkarSanyAsa se kevala abhedamUlaka aMga ko hI lekara prakRta tathA aprakRta pakSa meM sAdhAraNya sampAdita kiyA jA sakatA hai, aisA karane para ye donoM upamAe~ kAvya meM pradhAnabhUta (aMgI) utprekSA tathA samAsokti alaMkAroM ke aMga bana jAtI haiN| koI yaha zaMkA kare ki jaba bhedAbhedapradhAna sAdharmya vAlI upamA meM do aMza haiM to Apa kevala abheda vAle aMza ko hI lete haiM yaha ThIka nahIM, isakA uttara dete hue siddhAntapakSI eka yukti kA prayoga karatA hai / hama dekhate haiM ki sUrya ke teja meM do guNa haiM, prakAza tathA ThaMDa miTAne kI kSamatA, yahA~ ThaNDa se ThiThurate hue vyakti ke lie sUrya ke teja kA prakAza vAlA guNa gauNa hai, khAsa guNa ThaNDa miTAne kI zakti hI hai, isI taraha utprekSAdi ke lie isa upamAdaya ke sAdhAraNadharma ke abhedAMza kI hI upayogitA siddha hotI hai| TippaNI-prayAjakANDaniSkarSanyAyaH-darzapUrNamAsa meM tIna prakAra ke yAga hote hai-puroDAza, Ajya tathA sAnnAya / sAnnAya 'davipaya' ko kahate haiN| isake sampAdana ke lie jitane dharma / unakA nirUpaNa karane ke lie pravRtta brAhmaNabhAga ko tattat kANDa ke nAma se pukArate haiN| jaise-pauroDAzikaM kANDam , AjyakANDam, sAnAyyakANDam ityAdi / prakRta meM pauroDAzika kANDa meM 5 prayAja viheta hai-samitprayAja, tanUnapAtprayAja, iTaprayAja, barhiSa prayAja, svAhAkAraprayAja / ina pA~coM kI pauroDAzikakANDa se nikAla kara sAre darzaNamAsa kA prakaraNa pramANa se aga mAnA gayA hai| anyathA samAkhyA meM pA~coM prayAja kevala puroDAza yAgoM ke hI aMga hoNge| ataH jaise prayAjakANDa pauroDAzika kANDa se nikAla kara abhedAMza ke kAraNa darzapUrNamAsa lagAyA jAtA hai, vaise hI yahA~ bhI abhedAMza kA hI prakRta tathA aprakRta donoM meM sAdhAraNyasampAdakatva TIka baiTha jaaygaa| siddhAMta pakSI pUrvapakSI ko apanI bAta para rAjI karane ke lie eka dalIla rakhatA hai ki hamArA mata na mAnA jAyagA-arthAt bhedAbhedapradhAna upamA meM kevala abhedAMza kI upayo. gitA na mAnI jAyagI-to kaI kAyoM meM upamA alaMkAra kA nirvAha nahIM ho skegaa| udAharaNa ke lie hama nimna kAvya le leM:-(raghuvaMza ke SaSTa sarga meM indumatI svayaMvara ke samaya kA pANDyarAja kA varNana hai|) 'kandhe para laTakate hAra vAlA, haricandana ke aGgarAga se vibhUSita yaha pANDyadeza kA

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saGkarAlaGkAraH 263 AbhAti bAlAtaparaktasAnuH sanijharodgAra ivAdrirAjaH // ' ityAdhupamApi na nirvahet / napatrAdrirAjapANDayayorupamAnopameyayoranugataH sAdhAraNadharmo nirdiSTaH / ekatra bAlAtapanijharo, anyatra haricandanahArAviti dharmabhedAt / tasmAttatra bAlAtapaharicandanayornirbharahArayozca sadRzayorabhedAMzopajIvanameva gtiH|| 'pinaSTIva taraGgApraiH samudraH phenacandanam / __ tadAdAya karairindulimpatIva dignggnaaH|| ityatrotprekSayoH kAlabhede'pi samaprAdhAnyam / anyonyanirapekSavAkyadvayopAttatvAt / tadAdAyeti phenacandanarUpakamAtropajIvanena puurvotprekssaanpekssnnaat| na caivaM rAjA isI taraha suzobhita ho rahA hai jaise jharane ke pravAha se suzobhita, prAtaHkAlIna sUrya ke prakAza se aruNAbha talahaTiyoM vAlA himAlaya parvata sazobhita hotA hai|' isa udAharaNa meM upamA kA nirvAha na ho sakegA kyoMki yahA~ para himAlaya (upamAna) tathA pANDyaH ( upameya) ke lie jisa samAnatA kA upayoga kiyA hai vaha sAdhAraNadharma donoM meM nahIM pAyA jaataa| himAlaya ke pakSa meM prAtaHkAlIna sUrya ke prakAza tathA sarane kA varNana hai, pANDya ke pakSa meM haricandana tathA hAra kA, isa prakAra donoM dharma eka dUsare se bhinna haiM / isa prakAra yahA~ bhI upamA alaMkAra kI pratIti ke liye hameM samAnadharma bAlAtapa-haricandana tathA nihara-hAra ke abhedAMza-bAlAtapa aura haricandana donoM lAla haiM tathA tattat viSaya ko avalipta karate haiM aura nirjhara tathA hAra donoM svaccha, tarala, AbhAmaya tathA pralamba haiM-ko hI lenA pdd'egaa| . granthakAra eka aura udAharaNa detA hai, jahA~ do alaGkAroM kA samaprAdhAnya pAyA jAtA hai| isa udAharaNa meM do utprekSA alaGkAroM kI pratIti bhinna-bhinna kAla meM hotI hai tathApi ye donoM kAvya meM samAnatayA pradhAna haiM, ataH yahA~ bhI samaprAdhAnya saMkara hogA yaha samudra apanI laharoM ke dvArA mAno phena rUpI candana ko pIsa rahA hai| usa phena candana ko lekara candramA apanI kiraNoM (hAthoM) se mAno dizArUpI ramaNiyoM ko avalipta kara rahA hai| ___yahA~ do utprekSA haiM-'mAno pIsa rahA hai' (pinaSTIva) aura 'mAno lIpa rahA hai' (limptiiv)| ye donoM utprekSAe~ eka sAtha kriyAzIla nahIM hotI-pahale peSaNakriyA hotI hai, phira lepana kriyaa| ataH donoM meM kAla bheda hai| itanA hone para donoM sama pradhAna haiM, kyoMki kavi ne donoM kA prayoga eka vAkya meM na kara do bhinna vAkyoM meM kiyA hai, tathA pratyeka vAkya eka dUsare se svatantra (nirapekSa) haiN| kyoMki dUsarI utprekSA (mAno vaha lIpa rahA hai) jisakI pratIti 'tadAdAya' Adi uttarArdha se hotI hai, pUrvArdha meM ukta 'phenacandana' paraka rUpaka alaGkAra mAtra ke dvArA puSTa hotI hai, isakA 'pinaSTIva' vAlI utprekSA se koI saMbaMdha nahIM hai aura pahalI utprekSA se vaha svatantra hai| isa para pUrvapakI yaha zaMkA karatA hai ki yadi ye donoM utprekSAe~ eka dUsare se nirapekSa haiM, to phira inakA zaMkara mAnanA ThIka nahIM hogaa| jaise 'limpatIva tamogAni varSatIvAMjanaM namaH' isa udAharaNa meM 'andhakAra mAno aMgoM ko lIpa rahA hai, AkAza mAno kAjala kI varSA kara rahA hai| ina do utprekSAoM kA saMkara na mAna kara saMsRSTi mAnI jAtI hai, vaise yahA~ bhI 'pinaSTIva' tathA

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264 kuvalayAnandaH 'limpatIva tamo'GgAni' itivadutprekSAdvayasya saMsRSTireveyamiti vAcyam / laukikasiddhapeSaNalepanapaurvAparyacchAyAnukAriNotprekSAdvayapaurvAparyeNa cArutAtizayasamunmeSataH saMsRSTivaiSamyAt / tasmAddarzAdivadekaphalasAdhanatayA samapradhAnamidamutprekSAdvayam / evaM samapradhAnasaMkaro'pi vyAkhyAtaH / / 121 sandehasaGkarAlaGkAraH sandehasaMkaro yathA ( raghu0 6 / 85 ), zazinamupagateyaM kaumudI meghamuktaM ___ jalanidhimanurUpaM jajhukanyAvatIrNA / iti samaguNayogaprItayastatra paurAH zravaNakaTu nRpANAmekavAkyaM vivavaH / / atra 'iyam' iti sarvanAmnA yadyajaM vRtavatIndumatI viziSTarUpeNa nirdizyate 'limpatIva' meM saMsRSTi hI mAna lI jAya / isa zaMkA kA nirAkaraNa karate hue siddhAMtapakSI kA kahanA hai ki aisA mata denA ThIka nhiiN| kyoMki yahA~ peSaNa tathA lepana kA jo saMketa kiyA gayA hai, vaha isa bAta kA saMketa karatA hai ki kavi laukika peSaNakriyA tathA lepanakriyA ke paurvAparya kI samAnatA vyakta karanA cAhatA hai| isa prakAra yahA~ ina donoM utprekSAoM ke kAla meM jo paurvAparya pAyA jAtA hai, vaha laukika candanapeSaNa tathA candanalepana ke paurvAparyaM kI taraha hai| isalie yahA~ saMsRSTi kI apekSA adhika camatkAra pAyA jAtA hai, ataH ise saMsRSTi se bhinna mAnanA hogaa| (bhAva yaha hai, jaise koI vyakti pahale candana pIsatA hai, phira dUsarA vyakti preyasI Adi ke usakA aMgarAga lagAtA hai, isI taraha samudra mAno candana pIsatA hai aura candramA digaMganAoM ko mAno candana lepa kara rahA hai yahA~ donoM kriyAe~ eka dUsare ke bAda hotI haiM, yaha laukika sAmya alaGkAradvaya ke samAveza meM vizeSa cArutA lA detA hai|) yadyapi ye donoM utprekSAe~ yahA~ eka dUsare kI aMgabhUta nahIM tathApi eka hI camatkAra ke sAdhana hokara AI haiM, ThIka vaise hI jaise darzapUrNamAsAdi aneka yAga eka hI svargaprAptyAdi phala ke sAdhana hote haiN| ataH ye donoM samapradhAna haiN| isa prakAra samapradhAna saMkara kI vyAkhyA kI gii| 121. saMdehasaMkara alaMkAra jahA~ kisI sthala meM aneka alaMkAroM kA sandeha ho, tathA alaMkAracchAyA ( alaMkAra saundarya ) isa taraha kI ho ki sahRdaya kI cittavRtti kisI vizeSa alaGkAra ke nizcaya para na pahu~ca pAye-yahA~ amuka alaGkAra hai athavA amuka-vahA~ sandeha saMkara hotA hai, jaise raghuvaMza ke indumatI svayaMvara kA prasaMga hai| indumatI ne aja kA varaNa kara liyA hai| isa sambandha meM kavi kI ukti hai : samAna guNavAle aja tathA indumatI ke paraspara yoga se prasanna puravAsI svayaMvara meM Aye hue anya rAjAoM ke kAnoM ko kaTu lagane vAle ina zabdoM kA uccAraNa karane lage'yaha (indumatI) candrikA meghayukta candramA ko prApta huI hai, jahnaputrI gaMgA apane yogya samudra ko avatIrNa ho gaI hai| (yaha indumatI usI prakAra aja ke sAtha yukta huI hai, jaise candrikA meghamukta candramA ke sAtha aura gaMgA samudra ke sAtha / ) yahA~ pUrvArdha meM kauna sA alaGkAra hai ? isa ukti meM sambhavataH nidarzanA ho sakatI hai,

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sakarAlaGkAraH 265 tadA bimbapratibimbabhAvApannadharmaviziSTayoH sadRzayoraikyAroparUpA nidarzanA / yadi tena sA svarUpeNaiva nirdizyate, bimbabhUtodharmastu pUrvaprastAvAtsamaguNayogaprItaya iti pauravizeSaNAcAvagamyate, tadA prastute dharmiNi tavRttAntapratibimbabhUtAprastutavRttAntAroparUpaM lalitamityanadhyavasAyAt sandehaH / / yathA vA vilIyenduH sAkSAdamRtarasavApI yadi bhavet ___ kalaMkastatratyo yadi ca vikacendIvaravanam / tataH snAnakrIDAjanitajaDabhAvairavayavaiH / kadAcinmuzceyaM madanazikhipIDAparibhavam / / atra 'yadyetAvatsAdhanaM saMpadyeta tadA tApaH zAmyati' ityarthe kavisaMrambhazvettadai. tadupAttasiddhayarthamUha iti saMbhAvanAlaMkAraH / etAvatsAdhanaM kadApina saMbhavatyeva, kyoMki yadi 'iyaM' (yaha) isa sarvanAma ke dvArA 'aja kA varaNa karatI huI indumatI' isa viziSTadharmayukta indumatI kA saMketa kiyA gayA hai, to biMbapratibiMbabhAvavAle dharma (guNa) se viziSTa sadRza padArthoM-indumatI-candrikA; indumatI-gaMgA meM aikya kA Aropa vyaMjita hotA hai, ataH yahA~ nidarzanA alaMkAra hai| kiMtu yadi indumatI kA varNana viziSTadharmasampanna rUpa meM na kara sAmAnyarUpa meM kiyA gayA hai, to bibabhUta dharma kI pratIti prasaMga ke pUrva varNana se tathA puravAsiyoM ke sAtha prayukta 'samaguNayogaprItayaH' isa vizeSaNa se ho jAtI hai| aisI sthiti meM prastuta dharmI (indumatI) meM usase saMbara vRttAnta (ajaindumatIyoga) ke pratibiMbabhUta aprastutavRttAnta (candracandrikAyoga, bala nidhijahvakanyAyoga) kA Aropa karane ke kAraNa yahA~ lalita alaMkAra mAnA jaaygaa| ataH sahRdaya kisI nizcaya para nahI pahu~ca pAtA ki yahA~ nidarzanA mAne yA llit| isalie yahA~ saMdeha saMkara hai| athavA jaise ninna udAharaNa meM koI virahiNI yA virahI kAmajvAlA se dagdha apanI avasthA kA varNana kara rahA hai| yadi svayaM candramA hI pighala kara amRta rasa kI bAvalI bana jAya aura usake andara kA kalaMka vikasita kamaloM kA vana (samUha) ho jAya, to usa bAvalI meM sAma karane se zItala aMgoM se maiM kabhI na kabhI kAmadeva rUpI agni kI jvAlA ko chor3a sakatA huuN| bhAva yaha hai, merI yaha kAmajvAlA tabhI samApta ho sakatI hai, jaba maiM svayaM candramA ke pighalane se banI amRtarasavApI meM snAna kruuN| yahA~ yadi itanA sAdhana mila jAya, to merA tApa zAnta ho sakatA hai-yadi isa bhAva kI vyaanA karanA kavi ko abhISTa hai, to kisI lakSya kI siddhi kA tarka (jaha) karane ke kAraNa saMbhAvanA alaMkAra mAnA jaaygaa| kiMtu yadi isa padya meM kavi kA Azaya yaha ho-ki itanA sAdhana (candramA kA gala kara amRtarasavApI bana jAnA tathA kalaka kA indIvara bana ho jAnA) kabhI bhI saMbhava nahIM hai, isalie merI tApazAMti bhI na ho sakegI, vaha AkAzakusuma ke sadRza asambhAvya hai-to upAtta vastu ke mithyAtva kI siddhi ke kAraNa anya mithyA artha kI kalpanA kI gaI hai, ataH yahA~ mithyAdhyavasiti alakAra

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266 kuvalayAnandaH atastApazAntirapi gaganakusumakalpetyarthe kavisaMrambhazcedupAttamidhyAtvasiddha cartha mithyArthAntara kalpanArUpA mithyAdhyavasitirityubhayathAsaMbhavAt saMdehaH / evam - siktaM sphaTikakumbhAntaH sthitizvetIkRtairjalaiH / mauktikaM cellatAM sUte tatpuSpaiste samaM yazaH / / ' ityAdiSvapi saMbhAvanAmidhyAdhyavasiti saMdehasaMkaro draSTayaH // mukhena garalaM muJcanmUle vasati cetphaNI | phala saMdohaguruNA taruNA kiM prayojam ? // atra mahoragavRttAnte varNyamAne rAjadvArarUDhakhalavRttAnto'pi pratIyate / tatra kiM vastutastathAbhUta mahoraga vRttAnta eva prastute'prastutaH khalavRttAntastataH pratIyata iti samAsoktiH / yadvA-prastutakhalavRttAntapratyAyanAyA prastuta mahoragavRttAnta hogA / ataH sahRdaya pAThaka isa nirNaya para nahIM pahu~ca pAtA ki yahA~ sambhAvanA alaGkAra hai yA mithyAdhyavasiti, phalataH yahA~ bhI saMdeha saMkara hai| ThIka isI taraha nimna udAharaNa meM sambhAvanA tathA mithyAdhyavasiti kA saMkara dekhA jA sakatA hai :-- ( koI kavi rAjA kI prazaMsA kara rahA hai / ) he rAjan, yadi sphaTikamaNi ke ghar3oM meM rakhane ke kAraNa sapheda bane jala se sIMcA gayA motI ( kA bIja ) kisI bela ko paidA kare, to usa bela ke puSpoM ke samAna zveta tumhArA yaza hai / yahA~ 'yadi aisA phUla ho to tumhAre yaza kI tulanA kI jA sakatI hai' isa prakAra saMbhAvanA alaGkAra hai, yA 'motI se kabhI bela nahIM paidA hotI, na aisI bela ke phUla hI, ataH tumhAre yaza ke samAna padArtha koI nahIM haiM' yaha mithyAdhyavasiti alaGkAra ? isa prakAra anizcaya ke kAraNa yahA~ bhI saMdeha saMkara hai / phalasamUha se jhuke hue aise vRkSa se huA sauMpa nivAsa karatA hai ? kyA kAyadA, jisakI jar3a meM mu~ha se jahara ugalatA isa patha meM mahAsarpa ke varNana ke dvArA rAjadarabAra meM rahane vAle duSTa vyaktiyoM ke vRttAnta kI vyaMjanA kI gaI hai| yaha patA nahIM calatA ki prastuta viSaya kauna-sA hai, sarpavRttAnta yA khalavRttAnta, yA donoM hI prastuta haiM ? yadi sarpavRttAnta ko prastuta mAnakara khalavRttAnta ko aprastuta mAnA jAya to yahA~ samAsokti alaGkAra hotA hai, kyoMki yahA~ prastuta ke varNana ke dvArA tulya vyApAra ke kAraNa prastuta khalavRttAnta kI vyaMjanA ho rahI hai / para sAtha hI yaha bhI saMdeha hotA hai ki kahIM yahA~ aprastutaprazaMsA na ho ? saMbhava hai, kavi ne rAjadarabAra meM praviSTa khaloM ko dekhakara aprastuta ( sarpavRttAnta ) ke dvArA prastuta ( khalavRttAnta ) kI vyaMjanA karAI ho / sAtha hI aisA bhI saMbhava hai ki yahA~ donoM pakSa prastuta hoM, tathA kisI kavi ne prastuta sarpa kA varNana karate hue kisI samIpastha duSTa vyakti ke rahasya kA udghATana bhI kiyA ho, tathA kavi kA lakSya donoM kA prastutarUpa meM varNana karanA rahA ho / yadi tIsarA vikalpa ho to phira yahA~ donoM pakSoM ke prastuta hone ke

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saMkarAlaGkAraH 267 kIrtanamaprastutaprazaMsA / yadvA,-varNyamAnamahoragavRttAntakIrtanena samIpasthitakhala marmoddhATanaM kriyata iti ubhayasyApi prastutatvAt prastutAGkura iti saMdehaH / 122 ekavacanAnupravezasaGkaraH ekavAcakAnupravezasaMkarastu zabdArthAlaMkArayoreveti lakSayitvA kAvyaprakAzakAra udAjahAra spaSTocchusatkiraNakesarasUryabimba vistIrNakarNikamatho divasAravindam / zliSTASTadigdalakalApamukhAvatAra baddhAndhakAramadhupAvali saMcukoca / / tatraikapadAnupraviSTau rUpakAnuprAsau yatraikasmin zloke padabhedena zabdArthAlaMkArayoH sthitistatra tayoH saMsRSTiH, iha tu saMkara iti / alaMkArasarvasvakArastu kAraNa prastutAMkura alaMkAra hogaa| aisI sthiti meM hama kisI eka alaMkAra ke viSaya meM nizcita nirNaya nahIM de paate| ataH yahA~ bhI samAsokti, aprastutaprazaMsA aura prastutAMkura kA saMdehasaMkara alaMkAra hai| 122. ekavacanAnupravezasaMkara jahA~ eka hI vAcaka ke dvArA do alaGkAroM kI pratIti ho, vahA~ ekavAcakAnupravezasaMkara yA ekavacanAnupravezasaMkara hotA hai| kAvyaprakAzakAra mammaTAcArya ke matAnusAra ekavAcakAnupravezasaMkara kevala zabdAlakAra tathA arthAlaGkAra meM hI ho pAtA hai| kAvyaprakAzakAra ne isakA udAharaNa nimna padya diyA hai| TippaNI-mammaTAcArya ne kAvyaprakAza ke dazama ullAsa meM saMkara kA eka bheda vaha mAnA hai, jahA~ zabdAlaMkAra tathA arthAlaMkAra eka hI pada meM pragaTarUpa meM sthita hoN| isI ko ekavAcakAnupravezasaMkara kahA jAtA hai| sphuTamekatraviSaye zabdArthAlaMkRtidvayam / / vyavasthitaM ca (tenAsau trirUpaH prikiirtitH)|| (10.141) ___ abhinne eva pade sphuTatayA yadubhAvapi zabdArthAlaMkArau vyavasthA samAsAdayataH, sopyaparaH saMkaraH / isakA udAharaNa kAvyaprakAza meM vahI 'spaSTollasakiraNa' ityAdi padya diyA gayA hai| mahAkavi ratnAkara ke haravijaya ke unnIsaveM sarga kA prathama padya hai / kavi sAyaMkAla kA varNana kara rahA hai| isake bAda spaSTa prakAzita kiraNoM ke kesara se yukta sUryabimbarUpI bar3e karNika vAlA dinarUpI kamala; jisake paraspara milakara simaTate hue dizAsamUharUpI pattoM ke kAraNa rAtri ke AraMbha meM hone vAle andhakArarUpI bha~varoM kI paMkti Abaddha ho rahI thI; saMkucita ho gyaa| isa padya meM 'kiraNakesara' 'sUryabimbavistIrNakarNika' aura 'digdalakalApa' meM rUpaka tathA anuprAsa donoM alaMkAra eka hI pada meM praviSTa haiM, ataH yahA~ saMkara alaMkAra hai / jahA~ zabdAlaGkAra tathA alaGkAra alaga alaga padoM meM sthita hoM vahA~ saMkara na hogA saMsRSTi hogii| para yahA~ aisA nahIM hai, ataH yahA~ to saMkara hI hai| alaGkAra sarvasvakAra sayyaka ne

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268 kuvalayAnandaH ekasminvAcake'nupravezo vAcyayorevAlaMkArayoH svArasiko vAcyapratiyogikatvAdvAcakasyeti matvArthAlaMkArayorapye kavAcakAnupravezasaMkara mudAjahAra satpuSkaradyotitaraGgazobhinyamandamArabdhamRdaGgavAdye | 'udyAnavApIpayasIva yasyA meNIdRzo nATyagRhe ramante // ekavAcakAnupraveza saMkara arthAlaGkaroM kA bhI mAnA hai| unake matAnusAra ekavAcakAnupraveza arthAlaGkAroM kA hI zobhAdhAyaka ho pAtA hai, kyoMki vAcaka (pada) to vAcya ( artha ) kA pratiyogI arthAt saMbaMdhI hotA hai / bhAva yaha hai ki jaba AcArya ekavAcakAnupraveza saMkara mAnate haiM to 'vAcaka' pada ke dvArA ve vAcya ( artha ) kA saMketa karate jAna par3ate haiM, kyoMki vAcaka to vAkya se sadA saMbaddha rahatA hai / ruyyaka ne yahI mAnakara arthAlaGkAroM kA bhI ekavAcakAnupraveza saMkara mAnA hai tathA usakA udAharaNa nimna hai| TippaNI- saMsRSTi vAlA rUpaka tathA anuprAsa kA udAharaNa alaMkAra caMdrikAkAra vaidyanAtha ne yaha diyA hai : so ratha ettha nAme jo eyaM mahamahantalAaNNaM / taruNANa hiaaluDiM parisappatiM NivArei // -: ( isa gA~va meM aisA koI nahIM, jo jagamagAte sauMdaryavAlI, yuvakoM ke hRdayaluNThanarUpa isa nAyikA ko ghUmane se roka sake ) / yahA~ 'sthi - ettha' meM anuprAsa hai, 'taruNANa hiaaluDiM' meM rUpaka' yahA~ ye donoM eka padagata nahIM haiM, ataH saMsRSTi hai / ruyyaka ne ekavAcakAnupravezasaMkara ke prakaraNa meM isake tIna bheda mAnate hai : - (1) arthAlaMkAroM kA eka vAcakAnupraveza, ( 2 ) zabdArthAlaMkAra kA ekavAcakAnupraveza tayA ( 3 ) zabdAlaMkAroM kA ekavAcakAnupraveza / tRtIyastu prakAra ekavAcakAnupravezasaMkaraH / yatra kasminvAcake'nekAlaMkArAnupravezaH, na zca sandehaH / yathA murArinirgatA nUnaM narakapratipanthinI / tavApi mUrdhni gaMgeva cakradhArA patiSyati // atra murArinirgateti sAdhAraNavizeSaNa hetukA upamA, narakapratipanthinIti zliSTavizeSaNa samutthazcopamApratibhotpattihetuH zleSazcaikasminnevazabde'nupraviSTau tasyobhayopakArivAt / atra yathArthazleSeNa sahopamAyAH saMkarastathA zabdazleSeNAdi saha dRzyate / yathA'satpuSkaradyotitaraMgazobhinya maMdamArabdhamRdaMgavAdye / udyAnavApIpayasIva yasyAmeNIdRzo nATyagRhe ramante // ' atra 'payasIva nATyagRhe ramante' ityetAvataiva samucitopamA niSpannA satpuruSadyotitaraMga iti zabdazleSeNa sahaikasminneva zabde saMkIrNA / zabdAlaGkArayoH punarekavAcakAnupravezena saMkaraH pUrvamudAhRto rAjati taTIyam' ityAdinA / ekavAcakAnupravezenaiva cAtra saMkIrNatvam / ( alaMkAra sarvasva pR. 255 ) jisa nagarI meM hiraniyoM ke samAna netravAlI sundariyA~ sundara mRdaMga se sazabda raMgabhUmi se suzobhita tathA dhIra evaM gaMbhIra mRdaMga tathA vAdyayantroM kI dhvanivAle nATyagRha meM isI taraha ramaNa karatI thIM, jaise sundara kamaloM se suzobhita taraMga vAlI udyAnavApiyoM ( bagIce kI bAvaliyoM ) ke pAnI meM jalakrIDA karatI thiiN|'

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saMkarAlaGkAraH 266 atra npraTyagRha-vApIpayasoH satpuSkaretyAdivizeSaNe zabdasAmyaM zleSaH, 'amandamArabdhe' tyAdivizeSaNe'rthasAmyamupamA, tadubhayamekasminnivazabde'nupraviSTamiti tadapi na manyAmahe | satpuSkaretyAdivizeSaNe'pi zleSabhittikAbhedAdhyavasAyarUpAtizayoktilabhyasya dharmasAmyasyaiva tatrevazabdapratipAdyatayA zabda. sAmyasya tadapratipAdyatvAt / zleSabhittikAbhedAdhyavasAyena dharmasAmyamatAnalI. kAre 'aho rAgavatI sandhyA jahAti svayambaram' ityAdizliSTavizeSaNasamAsoktyudAharaNe vizeSaNasAmyAbhAvena samAsoktyabhAvaprasaGgAt | zabdasAmyasyeva. zabdapratipAdyatve'pi tasyopamAvAcakatvasyaiva prAptyA zleSavAcakatvAbhAvAca / zabdato'rthato vA kavisaMmatasAmyapratipAdane sarvavidhe'pyupamAlaGkArasvIkArAt / . isa udAharaNa meM pUrvapakSI, jo kevala zabdAlaGkAra tathA arthAlakAra kA hI ekavAcakAnupraveza saMkara mAnatA hai, zleSa tathA upamA kA ekavAcakAnupraveza saMkara mAnegA / usake mata se yahA~ nATyagRha tathA bAvaliyoM kA jala (vApIpaya) donoM ke lie 'satpuSkaradyotita. raMgazobhini' yaha vizeSaNa diyA gayA hai, jisakA nATyagRha ke pakSa meM 'suMdara mRdaMga se sazabda raMgabhUmi se 'suzobhita' tathA vApIpaya ke pakSa meM 'suMdara kamaloM se suzobhita taraMga vAlA' artha hotA hai, ataH yahA~ zabdasAmya hone ke kAraNa zleSa alaMkAra hai| inhIM ke lie 'amandamArabdhamRdaMgavAye' (jisameM gaMbhIra dhvani se mRdaMga tathA vAdya baja rahe haiM) vizeSaNa kA prayoga huA hai, jo arthasAmya ke dvArA upamA kI pratIti karAtA hai| ye donoM zabdAlaMkAra zleSa tathA arthAlaMkAra upamA eka hI vAcaka zabda 'iva' ke dvArA pratIta hote haiM, ataH yahA~ zabdArthAlaMkAra kA hI ekavAcakAnupraveza hai| appayadIkSita isa mata ko nahIM mAnate (tadapi na manyAmahe ) / unakA mata yaha hai ki 'satpuSkara' ityAdi pada meM jo zliSTa vizeSaNa pAyA jAtA hai usase zleSAnuprANita abhedAdhyavasAyarUpA atizayokti alaMkAra kI pratIti hotI hai, yaha atizayokti jisa arthasAmya kI pratIti karAtI hai, vahI 'iva' zabda ke dvArA pratipAdita huA hai, pUrvapakSI ke matAnusAra zabdasAmya nhiiN| kyoMki 'iva' vAcaka zabda zabdasAmya kI kabhI pratIti nahIM karA paataa| yadi pUrvapakSI zleSAnuprANita abhedanigaraNarUpA atizayokti se dharmasAmya kI pratIti vAle mata ko svIkAra na karegA, to kaI aise sthala hoMge jahA~ alaMkArapratIti na ho skegii| udAharaNa ke liye 'aho rAgavatI sandhyA jahAti svymmbrm| (1) are yaha lAlimApUrNa sandhyA svayaM AkAza ko chor3a rahI hai; (2) are yaha premabharI nAyikA svayaM vastra kA tyAga kara rahI hai, isa ukti meM zliSTa vizeSaNa ke dvArA samAsokti kI pratIti karAI gaI hai| yadi yahA~ kevala zabdasAmya hI mAnA jAyagA tathA arthasAmya kI apekSA na kI jAyagI to premAnAyikAgata aprastuta vRttAnta kI pratIti na ho sakegI, tathA yahA~ samAsokti alaMkAra na mAnane kA prasaMga upasthita hogaa| jisa prakAra isa udAharaNa meM zabdasAmya ke kAraNa arthasAmya kI pratIti mAnanA hogA, vaise hI 'satpuSkara0' ityAdi udAharaNa meM bhI mAnanA hogaa| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki vahA~ 'iva' zabda zabdasAmya kA vAcaka hai, to iva zabda ke dvArA zabdasAmya kI pratIti hone para bhI 'iva' vastutaH upamA (arthAlAra) kA hI vAcaka zabda hai, zleSa (zabdAlaGkAra) kA nhiiN| kavi cAhe zabda ke dvArA sAmya pratIti karAye yA artha ke dvArA, donoM hI sthaloM meM upamA alaGkAra hI mAnanA hogaa|| TippaNI-'satpuSkarayotitaraMga' ityAdi padya ke saMbaMdha meM appayadIkSita ruyyaka ke mata se

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300 kuvalayAnandaH anyathA 'yathA prahlAdanAcandraH pratApAttapano yathA / tathaiva so'bhUdanvartho rAjA prakRtiraJjanAt / / ' ityatrApyupamA na syAt / na hyatrAnvarthanAmarUpazabdasAmyaM vinA kinycidthe| sAmyaM kavivivakSitamasti / tasmAdyatrakasminnarthe pratipAdyamAne alaMkAradvayalakSaNayogAdalaMkAradvayapratItistatra tyorlkaaryorekvaackaanuprveshH|| yathA ( naiSadha0 2 / 6 )vidhukaraparirambhAdAttaniSyandapUrNaiH zazidRSadupakluptairAlavAlastarUNAm / viphalitajalasekaprakriyAgauraveNa vyaraci sa hRtacittastatra bhaimIvanena // saMtuSTa nhiiN| isI prasaMga meM pahale TippaNI meM uddhRta ruyyaka ke mata se spaSTa hai ki alaMkArasarvasvakAra 'satpuSkaradyotitaraMga' ityAdi padya meM zabdArthAlaMkAra kA, upamA tathA zabdazleSa kA ekavAcakAnupravezasaMkara mAnate haiM / jaba ki dIkSita isa padya meM zleSabhittika adhyavasAya (atizayokti) tathA upamA ina do arthAlaMkAroM kA ekavAcakAnupravezasaMkara mAnate haiM / dIkSita jI ne 'iti tadapi na manyAmahe' ke dvArA ruyyaka ke mata se hI aruci pradarzita kI hai| siddhAntapakSI punaH apane mata ko puSTa karatA kahatA hai, yadi pUrvapakSI isa mata ko na mAnegA to nimna udAharaNa meM upamA alaMkAra kI pratIti hI na ho skegii| 'saMsAra ko prasanna rakhane ke kAraNa (prahlAdana karane ke kAraNa) jaise candramA yathArtha nAmA hai tathA saMsAra ko tapAne ke kAraNa tapana (sUrya) yathArthanAmA hai, vaise hI vaha rAjA dilIpa prakRti kA raJjana karane ke kAraNa yathArtharUpa meM rAjA thaa|' TippaNI-'candra' zabda kI vyutpatti 'cadirAhlAdane' dhAtu se huI haiM-candayati iti candraH, jo logoM ko AhlAdita kre| isI taraha 'tapana' zabda kI vyutpatti 'tapa' dhAtu se huI hai 'tapati iti tapanaH' jo tApa kare, tpe| 'rAjA' zabda kI vyutpatti 'raja' dhAtu se huI hai 'rAyati (prajAH) iti raajaa'| isa prakAra vyutpattilabhya artha ke anusAra svabhAva vAle hone ke kAraNa tattat candrAdi anvartha ( yathArtha ) haiN| isa udAharaNa meM anvarthanAmarUpa zabdasAmya ke binA koI arthasAmya kavi ko abhISTa nahIM hai| ataH kore zabdAlaMkAra-arthAlaGkAra kA ekavAcakAnupravezasaMkara mAnane vAlA mata aura kore arthAlaGkAroM kA ekavAcakAnupraveza saMkara mAnane vAlA mata donoM hI ThIka na hone ke kAraNa hama ekavAcakAnupraveza saMkara kinhIM bhI una do alaGkAroM kA mAnate haiM, jahA~ eka artha kI pratIti ke samaya do alaGkAroM ke lakSaNa ghaTita hone ke kAraNa do alaGkAroM kI eka sAtha pratIti ho| jaise, 'naiSadhIyacarita ke dvitIya sarga kA padya hai| damayantI ke usa upavana ne, jisameM candramA kI kiraNoM ke AliMgana ( sparza) se cUte hue rasa se bhare, candrakAMtamaNiyoM ke ghane vRkSoM ke AlavAla ke dvArA vRkSoM kI jalasekakriyA vyartha ho gaI thI, haMsa kA mana hara liyA (haMsa ko hRtacitta banA diyaa)|'

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saGkarAlaGkAraH 301 atra hi pratipAdyamAno'rthaH samRddhimadvastuvarNanamudAttamiti lakSaNAnusArAdudAttAlaGkArarUpaH, asambandhe saMbandhakathanamatizayoktiriti lakSaNAdatizayoktirUpazca / na ca sarvatrodAttasyAsaMbandhe saMbandhakathanarUpatvaM nirNItamiti na viviktAlaMkAradvayalakSaNasamAvezo'stIti vAcyam; divyalokagata saMpatsamRddhivarNanAdiSvatizayoktya spRSTasyodAttasya zauryaudAryadAridrayAdiviSayAtizayoktivarNaneSUdAttAspRSTAyA atizayoktezca parasparaviviktatayA vizrAnteH tayozcehArthavasaMpanna samAvezayornAGgAGgibhAvaH / ekenAparasyAnutthApanAt svAtantryapAratantryavizeSAdarzanAcca / nApi samaprAdhAnyam ; yaiH zabdairiha saMbandhi vastu pratipAdyate taireva tasyaiva vastuno'saMbandhe saMbandharUpasya pratipAdyamAnatayA bhinnapratipAdakazabdavyavasthitArtha bhedAbhAvAt / nApi saMdehasaGkaraH ekAlaGkArakoTayAM tadanyAlaMkAra koTi pratikSepAbhAvAt / tasmAdihodAttAtizayoktyorekavAcakAnupravezalakSaNaH saMkaraH / 1 isa padya ke dvArA pratIta artha meM eka ora samRddhizAlI vastu kA varNana hone ke kAraNa udAtta alaMkAra tathA asaMbaMdhe saMbaMdharUpA atizayokti kI pratIti ho rahI hai / yahA~ upavana kI samRddhi ke varNana meM udAtta alaMkAra hai ( samRddhimadvastuvarNanamudAttam ), tathA damayaMtI ke vana meM asaMbaddha vastuoM kA bhI saMbaMdha banAnA atizayokti hai / kucha loga zAyada yaha zaMkA kareM ki jahA~ ki samRddhizAlI vastu kA varNana hotA hai, vahA~ sarvatra 'asaMbaMdhe saMbaMdhakathana' hotA hI hai, vahA~ atizayokti sadA rahatI hai, phalataH yahA~ do alaMkAroMudAtta tathA atizayokti ke lakSaNa ghaTita nahIM hote / para yaha zaMkA karanA ThIka nahIM / kyoMki kaI sthAnoM para udAtta alaMkAra 'asaMbaMdhe saMbaMdharUpA' atizayokti ke binA bhI dekhA jA sakatA hai, yathA svargAdiloka kI saMpatti tathA samRddhi kA varNana karate samaya udAtta alaMkAra to hotA hai, para vahA~ atizayokti kA sparza nahIM hotaa| isI taraha kaI sthaloM meM atizayokti hotI hai, para udAtta nahIM, yathA zUratA, udAratA, daridratA Adi ke varNanoM meM udAtta alaMkAra se aspRSTa ( rahita ) atizayokti pAI jAtI hai / ataH spaSTa hai ki donoM alaMkAra paraspara bhasaMpRkta hokara bhI sthita raha pAte haiM / isa padya (vidhukara Adi) meM ye donoM alaMkAra kevala arthavaza ke kAraNa hI eka sAtha haiM / ataH ye eka dUsare ke aMga yA aMgI nahIM haiN| kyoMki yadi inameM aMgAMgibhAva hotA to eka alaMkAra dUsare kA utthApaka ( sahAyaka ) hotA tathA unameM eka svataMtra ( aMgI ) hotA dUsarA paratantra ( aMga ), para yahA~ na to koI kisI kA sahAyaka hI hai, na inameM svAtantrya- pAratantrya kA paraspara astitva hI dikhAI detA hai / isI taraha ina donoM alaMkAroM kA samaprAdhAnya bhI nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| samapradhAna alaMkAroM meM pratipAdaka zabda tathA pratipAdya artha alaga alaga hote haiM / yahA~ jina zabdoM ke dvArA samRddhizAlI vastu kI pratIti hotI hai, ThIka unhIM zabdoM se usI vastu ke asaMbaMdha meM saMbaMdha rUpa kI pratIti hotI hai / bhAva yaha hai, jina zabdoM se udAtta kI pratIti hotI hai, unhIM se atizayokti bhI pratIta ho rahI hai / ataH yahA~ pratipAdaka zabda tathA pratipAdya artha ke abhinna hone ke kAraNa samaprAdhAnya saMkara na ho skegaa| isI taraha yahA~ saMdeha saMkara bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki saMdeha saMkara meM cittavRtti eka alaMkAra ko mAnane para use anya koTi ke alaMkAra meM pheMka detI hai, arthAt saMdeha saMkara meM eka alaMkAra kA nizcaya nahIM ho pAtA

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302 kuvalayAnandaH 123 saGkarasaGkarAlaGkAraH kacitsaGkarANAmapi saGkaro dRzyate / yathA muktAH kelivisUtrahAragalitAH saMmArjanIbhirhatAH prAtaH prAGgaNasIni mantharacaladvAlAGghrilAkSAruNAH / dUrAddADimabIjazaGkitadhiyaH karSanti kelIzukA yadvidvadbhavaneSu bhojanRpatestanyAMgalIlAyitam | atra tAvadviduSAM saMpatsamRddhivarNana mudAttAlaGkArastanmUlako 'bAlAGghrilAkSAruNA' ityatra tadguNAlaGkArastatraiva vakSyamANabhrAntyupapAdakaH padArthahetukakAvyaliGgAlaMkArazceti tayorekavAcakAnupravezasaMkaraH / tanmUlaH 'zaMkitadhiyaH' ityatra bhrAntimadalaMkArastAbhyAM codAttAlaMkArazcArutAM nIta' iti tayozca tasya cAGgAGgi 'bhAvena saMkaraH / evaM videhavaibhavasya hetumato rAjJo vitaraNavilAsasya hetozcAbhedakathanaM hetvalaMkAraH / sa ca rAjJo vitaraNavilAsasya niratizayotkarSAbhi* vyaktiparyavasAyI / etAvanmAtre kavisaMrambhazceduktarUpodAttAlaMkArapariSkRte hetvalaMkAre vizrAntiH / varNanIyasya rAjJaH kIdRzI sampaditi praznottaratayA niratiza yahA~ yaha bAta nahIM, kyoMki donoM kI spaSTataH nizcita pratoti hotI hai / isalie yahA~ udAtta tathA atizayokti kA ekavAcakAnupraveza saMkara hai / 123. saMkarasaMkara alaMkAra kahIM kahIM saMkara alaMkAroM kA bhI saMkara pAyA jAtA hai, jaise 'yaha bhojarAja ke tyAga kI lIlA hai ki vidvAnoM ke gharoM meM, suratakrIDA ke samaya TUTe hue hAroM se bikhare hue, jhAr3U ke dvArA eka ora haTAye hue ve motI, jo prAtaHkAla ke samaya AMgana meM dhIre dhIre calatI huI bAlAoM ( ramaNiyoM) ke caraNoM ke lAkSArasa ke kAraNa lAla ho gaye haiM; dADima ke bIja kI bhrAMti se yukta buddhi vAle kelizukoM ke dvArA khIMce jA rahe haiN| yahA~ vidvAnoM kI saMpatti tathA samRddhi kA varNana hai, ataH udAtta alaMkAra hai, isI meM 'bAlAoM ke caraNoM kI lAkSA se lAla' isa ukti meM tadguNa alaMkAra hai, tathA vahIM Age kahe jAne vAle bhrAMti alaMkAra kI pratIti karAne vAlA padArtha hetu kAvyaliMga alaMkAra bhI hai / ina tadguNa tathA kAvyaliMga donoM kA ekavAcakAnupraveza saMkara hai / inhIM ke dvArA 'zaMkitadhiyaH' isa pada se bhrAMtimAn alaMkAra pratIta ho rahA hai / yaha saMkara tathA bhrAMtimAn donoM milakara udAtta alaMkAra kI zobhA bar3hAte haiM, ataH ye donoM udAtta alaMkAra ke aMga 'haiM, isa prakAra aMgAMgibhAva saMkara hai| isake atirikta isa padya meM vidvAnoM ke ghara kA vaibhava rUpa hetumAn ( kArya ) tathA rAjAbhoja ke dAnavaibhavarUpa hetu ( kAraNa ) kA abheda kathana ( vaha vaibhava tyAga lIlA kA kArya hai, yaha na kahakara, vaha svayaM tumhAre tyAga kI lIlA hai, yaha kahanA ) huA hai, ataH yahA~ hetu alaMkAra bhI hai| yaha hetu alaMkAra rAjA bhoja ke dAnavaibhava ke atyadhika utkarSa kI abhivyaJjanA karAtA hai / yadi kavi kA bhAva 'yahI hai, to uparyukta udAtta alaMkAra ke dvArA puSTa hetu alaMkAra meM vizrAnti ho jAtI hai / para aisA bhI ho sakatA hai ki kavi kA bhAva yaha na rahA ho, kisI vyakti ne kavi se

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saGkarAlaGkAraH 203 yezvaryavitaraNarUpAprastutakAryamukhena tadIyasampadutkarSaprazaMsane kavisaMrambhazcet kAryanibandhanAprastutaprazaMsAlaMkAre vizrAntiH / kAryasyApi varNanIyatvena prastutatvAbhiprAye tu prastutAGkure'pi vizrAntiH / atra vizeSAnadhyavasAyAt saMdehasaMkaraH / kiMca vidvadgRhavaibhavavarNanasyAsaMbandhe saMbandhakathanarUpatayA'tizayokte rudAttAlaMkAreNa sahaikavAcakAnupravezasaMkaraH / niratizayavitaraNotkarSa paryavasAyino hetvalaMkArasyApyadbhutAtathyaudAryavarNanAtmikayAtyuktyA sahaikavAcakAnupravezasaMkaraH / tanmUlakasyAprastutaprazaMsAlaMkArasya prastutAGkurasya vA rAjasaMpatsamRddhivarNanAtmakodAttAlaMkAreNa sa hai kavAcakAnupravezasaMkaraH / vAcakazabdasya pratipAdakamAtraparatayA vyaJjakasAdhAraNyAt / eSAM ca trayANAmekavAcakAnupravezasaMkarANAM samaprAdhAnyasaMkaraH / na hyeteSAM parasparamanyatrAGgatvamasti / udAttAdimAtrasyaiva hetvalaMkArAdicArutApAdakatvenAtizayoktisaMkarasyAGgatayAnapekSaNAt / evamatra zloke caturNAmapi saMkarANAM yathAyogyaM saMkaraH / evamanyatrApyudAharaNAntarANyUAni // varNanIya rAjAbhoja kI dAnazIlatA ke saMbaMdha meM prazna kiyA ho, aura kavi atizaya dAnavaibhava ke anusAra kArya kA varNana kara usake dvArA rAjA kI prastuta samRddhi kI prazaMsA karanA cAhatA ho, yadi kavi kA bhAva yaha rahA ho to aprastuta kArya ke dvArA prastuta kAraNa kI vyaMjanA vAlI aprastutaprazaMsA mAnanI hogii| aisA bhI ho sakatA hai ki kavi ke lie vidvatsamRddhirUpa kArya kA varNana hI prastuta rahA ho, phira to yahA~ prastutAMkura alaMkAra hogA / isa prakAra yahA~ hetu, aprastutaprazaMsA tathA prastutAMkura alaMkAra meM se kauna sA alaGkAra hai, isakA nizcaya nahIM ho pAtA, ataH yahA~ saMdehasaMkara hai / isake atirikta isa padya meM eka hI artha ke antargata vidvAnoM ke gRhavaibhava kA varNana karate hue asaMbaMdhe saMbaMdhakathanarUpA atizayokti kA udAtta alaMkAra ke sAtha ekavAcakAnupraveza saMkara bhI pAyA jAtA hai / yahIM nahIM, rAjA ke atyadhika dAna dene ke utkarSa kI pratIti karanevAlA hetu alaMkAra bhI usakI adbhuta udAratA tathA Atithya kA varNana karane vAlI atyukti ke sAtha ekavAcakAnupraviSTa hai, ataH hetu evaM atyukti kA ekavAcakAnupraveza saMkara bhI pAyA jAtA hai / isa alaGkAra ke dvArA pratIta aprastutaprazaMsA yA prastutAMkura alaGkAra kA punaH rAjasamRddhivarNanAmaka udAtta alaGkAra ke sAtha ekavAcakAnupraveza saMkara hotA hai| isa saMbaMdha meM pUrvapakSI yaha zaMkA kara sakatA hai ki rAjA kI saMpatti tathA samRddhi kI pratIti to vyaJjanAgata hai, ataH usake avAcya ( vAdhyAtirikta) hone ke kAraNa usakA varNana karane vAle udAtta alaMkAra ke sAtha ekavAcakAnupraveza kaise ho sakatA hai ? isI zaMkA kA uttara dete hue kahate haiM ki 'vAcaka' zabda kA artha yahA~ kevala 'mukhyA vRtti' ( abhidhA ) vAle zabda se na hokara arthapratIti mAtra karAne vAle zabda se hai, ataH isameM vyaJjaka bhI samAviSTa ho jAtA hai / isa kAvya meM Upara jina tIna ekavAcakAnupraveza saMkaroM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai, ve saba pradhAna hai, ataH inameM samapradhAnyasaMkara pAyA jAtA hai / ye kisI eka dUsare ke aMga nahIM hai / koI yaha zaMkA kara sakatA hai ki udAsa alaMkAra ko pahale hetu alaGkAra kA aMga mAnA gayA hai, ataH udAttAtizayokti saMkara alaGkAra bhI udAtta kA aMga ho jAyagA ? isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna karate hue kahate haiM ki kevala udAttAdi alaMkAra hI hetu alaGkAra ( aura aprastuprazaMsA ) Adi kI zobhA ke kAraNa

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304 kuvalayAnandaH upasaMhAraH amuM kuvalayAnandamakarodappadIkSitaH / niyogAdveGkaTapaternirupAdhikRpAnidheH // 171 // candrAloko vijayatAM zaradAgamasaMbhavaH / / hRdyaH kuvalayAnando yatprasAdAdabhUdayam // 172 / / iti zrImadadvaitavidyAcAryazrImadbharadvAjakulajaladhikaustubhazrIraGgarAjAdhvarIndravarasUnoH zrImadappayyadIkSitasya kRtiH kuvalayAnandaH smaaptH|| ho jAte haiM, kyoMki atizayokti saMkara kI usake aMgarUpa meM koI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| isa prakAra isa padya meM cAroM prakAra ke saMkaroM kA paraspara saMkara pAyA jAtA hai| isI prakAra anya udAharaNa bhI diye jA sakate haiN| 171-appayadIkSita ne nirvyAja kRpA ke samudra zrI veMkaTapati ke Adeza se isa kuvalayAnanda kI racanA kI hai| 172-zaradAgamasaMbhava candrAloka nAmaka grantha sarvotkRSTa hai, jisake kAraNa kuvalayAnanda sundara bana skaa| (zarat Rtu ke Agamana vAlA zaratkAlIna) candramA kA prakAza vijayI ho, jisake kAraNa yaha kumudinI kA sundara vikAsa ho skaa|) candrAloke viyati vitate nirmaladyudvitAne, jAtaHpreraNA kila kuvalayAnanda utphullazobhaH / madhvAdhArA' sphuTaparimalA 'mAkarandI' va tasya vyAkhyA saiSA bhavatu suhRdAM samyagAsvAdanIyA // nayanenduzUnyayugme varSe zrIvikramAGkadevasya / pUrNA dIpAvalyA vyAkhyeyaM kuvalayAnande // zrImadappayadIkSita kI kRti kuvalayAnanda samApra huaa| 1, madhunaH kSaudrasya AdhAraH yasyAM saa| 2. makarandasya iyaM 'mAkarandI' parAgasaraNiH, makarandatatiriti /

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zlokaH a akAraNAt akRzaM kucayoH akramAtizayoktiH aGkaM kespi aDDAdhiropita aGgAsaGgimRNAla aGgulIbhiriva daNDo acaturvadano ajasamArohasi atiyajeta atyantAtizayoktistu kArye atyantAtizayoktistu paurvA athopagUDhe * adyApi tiSThati adharo'yaM adhikaM pRthulAdhArAt anantaratna anayoranavadyAGgi "" 99 nAyi deza: ( naiSadha. ) aniSTasyApyavAptizca padyAnukramaNikA aLaM. pRSThaM anyatra karaNIyasya anyatra tasyAropArthaH 20 kuva0 vibhA. 145 ule. 26 ati. 51 apa. 29 aprastu. 108 prastu. sama. nida. rUpa. asaGga. pari. a. atyu. atyuktiradbhutAtathya atyuccAH paritaH (paMcAkSarI ) preyo. atra manmathaM zlokaH anyAsu tAvadupa anyeyaM rUpa anyonyaM nAma yana anyopameyalAbhena aparAM bodhanaM prAhuH apAGgatarale apArijAtAM vasudhAM 95 a. 53 | abhUtapUrva aprastutaprazaMsA syAdapra abjena tvanmukhaM tulyaM abhilaSasi 53 | amarIkabarI 262 | amuM kuvalayAnandaM 270 upa. 278 anurAgavatI ( dhvanyAloka ) vize. antarviSNoH sArA. antarAi 120 289 | apItakSIba apra. 75 aprastutaprazaMsA syAtsA 20 149 arthAta 204 bhAvi. - 261 arthA. 194 adhi. 165 | araNyaruditaM vika. 208 arayatna ardha dAnava ati. 51 atyu. 263 | alaMkAreSu bAlAnAM alaMkAraH parikaraH lali. 218 viSa. 155 148 178 apra. 107 asaMga. 151 apa. 30 asAvudaya alaM. pRSThaM prastu. 117 ati. 49 amyo. 168 prati. 11 nida. 76 alpaM tu sUkSmAdAdheyA alpaM nirmita sAmA. 241 151 bhasaMga. vibhA. 143 105 133 97 154 saMbhavA. 283 upo. ng ayaM pramattamadhupaH ayamati ayaM vArAM (bhallaTazatakam ) asaM. ayaM sa (ma0 bhA0 strIparva ) ayaM hi dhUrjaTiH sAkSAt rasa. bhavatu naH aviveki kuca asamAlocya vyAja. zleSA. viSa. upasaM. 304 bhrAnti. zleSA. 102 26 148 270 15 rUpa. nida. byAja. 70 133 vyAja. 130 upo. 2 pari. 93 alpA. 167 atyu. 263 sama. 289 vibhA. 546 vakro. 230 zleSA. 99

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alaM. pRSTha nida. 77 udA. 262 vibhA. 146 upo. 2 vibhA. 144 nida. 77 AvR. 62 ana. 8 upamA. e zlokaH asoDhA asaMbhavo'rthaniSpatteH asaMzayaM patra asya zoNi asyAzcedati ahameva guruH aho keneDazI aho khala aho vizAlaM ahaM prAthamikAmAjAM A AkarNaya AkSepo'nyo vidhau AkSepaH svayamuktasya AghAtaM pari AdAtuM Ado hAlAhala Anandamanthara AbaddhakRtrima AbhAsatve virodhasya AyAntamAlokya AyurdAnamaho AvirbhUte zazini Azritya nUna paryA. 183 ullA. 222 bhAvasaM. 273 ulle. 25 zleSA. 103 hetva. 267 ati. ( 306 ) alaM. pRSThaM zloka kAmya. 197 | | udayanneva savitA asaM. 148, udAttamRddhezvaritaM smRtya. 280 udite kumAra mithyA. 212 udghATaya yoga apra. 13 udyAnamArutotAH pratI. 12 uDataM pada vakro. 259 | unmIlanti kadambAni asaMga. 149 | upamAnopameyatvaM adhi. 166 | upamA yatra sAdRzya samu. 188 ekasminyacanekaM vA 13 | ekasya guNadoSAbhyAM Ahe. 140 ekAbhUtkusu Ale. 137 | ekena bahudhollekhe ullA. | etasminnadhika eSa te vidruma samA. 161 katipayadivasaiH apra. 107 viro. 141 kadA vArANasyA vyAjo. kapirapica kamalamanambhasi hetva. 267 karuntuda vino. 83 kartA yadhupa apra. 109 kalpataru kalyANI hetva. 268 | kavIndrANA lezA. 231 kastUrikA viSAda. 222 kaste zauryamado kasya vA na arthAnta. 205 kastvaM vAnara vyAja. 128 kastvaM bhoH praharSa. 221 | kAkaH kRSNaH samA. 163 kATinyaM kucayoH sraSTuM AvR. 63 kAmaM nRpAH praharpa. 219 kAryAjanirvizepoktiH / sArA. 178 kAryAtkAraNajanmApi asaM. 286 ati. 50 preyo. 270 anu. 239 vize. vika. 209 itthaM zatamalaMkArAH indoladhama ipyamANaviruddhArtha unirarthAntaranyAsaH uktiyA'jastutinindA uJcitya prathama uccargajasTana utkaNTayati utkaNThitArthasiddhiH uttarottaramutkarSaH prauDho. 21 aiti. 244 ati. 54 saMbhA. 212 vyAja. 129 vyAjo. 249 vyAjo. 31 prastu. 115 vize. 245 ullA. 223 dRSTA. 68 vize. 147 vibhA. 17

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alaM. pRSThaM kAra. 194 gUDho. 252 ekA. 175 Ahe. 138 viSa. 155 utta. 246 ( 307 ) zlokaH alaM. pRSThaM / zlokaH kArye nimitte __ apra. 106 | gumphA kAraNamAlA kAryotpattistRtIyA syA. vibhA. 145 gUDhoktiranyoddezyaM cet kAlindi brUhi apra. 114 gRhItamuktarItyArtha kiMcidAkUtasahitaM utta. 245 | gRhNantu sarve yadi kiMcidArambhato'zakya vize. 171 gopAla iti kRSNa kiMcinmithyAtvasi. mithyA. 212 grAme'sminprastaspAye kiM tAvatsarasi saroja pratya. 275 kiM padmasya ruciM rUpa. 19 cakrAbhighAtaprasabhAzayaiva kimasubhiglapita rUpa. 20 candrajyotsnAvizadapuline zrutya. 282 candrAloko vijayatA kuzalaM tasyA utta. 246 capalAtizayoktistu kusumasaurabhalomapari a. saM. 285 capalo nirdayazcAsau kRtaM ca garvAbhi dRSTA. 69 cAtakastricatu katavApahatiya'kkI kaitavA. 34 cikuraprakarA jayanti te kaimutyenArthasaMsiddhiH arthA. 193 citraM citraM bata bata kozadvandvamiyaM prastu. 117 citraM tapati rAjendra kaumudIva tuhi samA. 160 cUDAmaNipade dhatte kramikakagatAnAM tu kAra. 189 cedvimbapratibimbatvaM kramikaM prakRtArthAnAM ratnA. 233 krAntakAntavadana pratya. 275 chAyA saMzrayate talaM kka sUryaprabhavo (raghuvaMzaH) lali. 218 chekApahnutiranyasya kvAkArya zaza (vikramorva.) bhAvaza. 274 chekoktiyatra lokokta paryA. rUpa. 17 upasaM. 204 ati. 52 lezA. 230 praharSa. 220 kAvya. 196 . samA. 161 vibhA. 145 nida. 78 dRSTA. 67 saho. cheko. 257 kha ga apa. 31 vibhA. 147 ati. 48 kAvya. 198 sandeha. 20 nida.. 75 khamiva jalaM jala upame. 10 jaTA neyaM veNIkRta khinno'si muJca viSa. 157 jAtA latA hi gaganaM gaganAkAraM jAne'tirAgAdi ana. jIyAdambudhi gacchAmyacyuta vivR. 255 jIvanagrahaNe gajatrAteti vRddhAbhiH ulle. gaNDAbhoge viharati madaiH jyotsnAbhasmaccharaNadhava ata. 237 gatAsu tIraM timi ati. 18 garvamasaMvAhyamimaM (rudraTAlaM.) pratI. taJcekiMcidvinA ramyaM giririva gajarAjo'yaM upame. 10 taDidgaurIndutulyAsyA girirmahAngire sArA. 179 tadabhAgyaM dhanasyaiva guNadoSau budho upamA 3 tadadya vizramya dayAlu guNavadvastusaMsargAt arthAnta. tadojasastayazasaH guNotkRSTaiH samIkRtya tulya. 58 tadguNaH svaguNatyAgAt vino. 83 upamA. 5 ullA. 223 bhAvo. 272 pratI. 14 tadgu. 235

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alA zlokaH taleSvavepanta tava prasAdArakusumA tavAmRtasyandini tasya ca pravayaso tApatrayoSadhavarasya tava tAbhyAM to yadi na syA tAM rohiNIM vijAnIhi tilapuSpAsamAyAti tIvA bhUtezamauli tRNAlaghutarastUlA tau sammukhapracalito trAtaH kAkodaro trividhaM dIpakAvRttI svadaGgamArdave dRSTe tvaM cetsaMcarase svatkhaDgakhaNDita svatpratyarthivasundhare tvada sAmyamaya svayi locanagocaraM svayi sati zivadA svayyAgate kimiti tvaM hi nAmnava varado (308 ) alaM. pRsstth| zlokaH aGgA. 287 | devIM vAcamupAsate dRSTA. 68 pari. 93 dehi matkandukaM paryA. 128 64 dobhyAmabdhi nida. 73 pari. 184 | doSasthAbhyarthanAnujJA anujJA. 227 apra. 113 dostambhau jAnuparyanta ekA. 175 ava. 226 dvAra khaDgibhirAvRtaM pUrva. 237 upamA. 277 vibhA. 146 dhanyAH khalu vane syAja. 132 pari. 23 dhUmastomaM tamaH zaGke ___ utpre. 35 sArA. 179 svabhA. 261 na ciraM mama Ale. 141 zleSA. 98 nanvAzrayasthiti paryA. 181 AvR. 62 na panaM mukhamevedaM apa. 32 tulya. napuMsakamiti zAkhA viSa. 158 avajJA. 227 narendramaule na Ahe. 139 asaGga. 151 nalinIdale vyAjo. 251 Urja. na viSeNa na arthAnta. 206 viSa. 159 prati. 265 nAgarika sama nida. 73 nAgendrahastAsvaci tulya. 57 rUpa. 10 nAtha svadavinakha apra. 111 zrutya. 280 nAtho me vipaNiM gUDho. 253 nAnArthasaMzrayaH zleSo zleSA. 97 yuktya . 256 nAmaiva te varada loko. 257 samA. 161 nidrAti nAti 189 ullA. 224 nindAyA nindayA nya. vyA. ni. 134 arthAnta. 207 nirIkSya vidyu samA. ekA. 175 niruktiogato nAmnA niru. viSa. 156 nirNetuM zakyamastIti vize. 170 nilIyamAne vihagaiH anu. 277 arthAnta. 204 nivedyatAM hanta paryA. 123 viSa. 156. niSedhAbhAsamAkSepaM Ale. 138 smRti. 27 nItAnAmAkulIbhAvaM zleSA. 98 mAlA. 176 nRtyanATTahAsa unmI . 244 vyati. 81 vyAghA. 173 patatyavirataM vAri vika. 186 vivR. 254 padArthavRttimapyeke nida. 72 apa. 31 da kAra. arthA. dampatyornizi davadahanAdurapajho dAnArthino madhukarA dAnaM dadatyapi dikkAlAsmasamaiva didhakSanmArutervAlaM divamapyupayAtAnAM divAkarAdrAti divi zritavatazcandra divyAnAmapi dIpakaikAvalIyogA. dRDhataranibaddhamuSTeH dRzA dagdhaM manasijaM dRSTayA kezava gopa

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alaM. pRSThaM smRtya. 209 viSa. 160 ulle. 24 samu. 187 utpre. paryA. 182 ( 306 ) zlokaH alaM. pRSThaM / zlokaH padmAtapatra rasike viSa. 156 ba pajhe tvanayane chakA. 33 | balArakurata pApAni parasparatapaHsaMpat upo. babAlasoNipAla pariNAmaH kriyArthazcet pari. bahubhirvahudhollekhAt pariglAnaM pInastana prastu. 12. bahUnAM yugapar3Ava parivRttirvinimayaH pari. 184 bAlenduvakrANyavikAsa parisaMkhyA niSidhyake pari. 184 | bibhrANA hRdaye paryAyeNa dvayo upame. 9 bimboSTha eva rAgaste paryAyoktaM tadapyAhuH paryA. 127 bha paryAyoktaM tu gamyasya paryA. 121 bhavanti narakAH paryAyo yadi paryAye paryA. 180 bhavitrI rambhoru palAzanukula bhrAnti. 27 bhasmoddhalana bhadramastu pallavataH kalpataroreSa vyati. 80 bhAnurnizAsu bhavadaddhi pazyAmaH kimiyaM samA. 272 bhAvasya codayaH saMdhiH pANDyo'yamaMsA samaprA. 292 | bhAvikaM bhUtabhAvyartha pinaSTIva taraGgAH utpre. 40 bhikSArthI saka samaprA. 293 bhedakAtizayoktistu pihitaM paravRttAnta. pihi. 24 bhrAtaH pAnya kuto punaH svaguNasaMprAptiH pUrva. 236 bhrAntApaGatiranyasya purA kavInAM gaNanA niru. 264 purAbhUdasmAkaM prathama paryA. 1 bhrUcApavalI sumukhI purA yatra srotaH samA. pUraM vidhurvardhayituM utpre. 42 maNiH zANolITaH pUrvAvasthAnuvRttizca pUrva. 236 maduktivedantarmada pRthvAdheyAyadAdhArA / adhi. 166 | madhuvrataughaH kupitaH pratiSedhaH prasiddhasya prati. 264 | madhyaH kiM kucayotyai pratIpabhUpairiva kiM tato viro. 142 manthAnabhUmidhara pratIpamupamAnasyopame pratI. 10 | mandamagnimadhuraryamopalA pratIpamupamAnasya kaima pratI. 13 manye zakedhravaM pratyanIkaM balavataH pratya. 19. mama rUpakIrti pradAnaM pracchannaM samu. 188 | mayyeva jIrNatAM praznottarAntarAbhitra utta. 247 malayamarutAM jaataa| prastutena prastutasya prastu. 115 malinayituM khalavadanaM prAksiddhatvaguNorakarSoM bhanu. 239 | mallikAmAlyabhAriNyaH prAyazcaritvA vasadhA paryA. 182 | mahAjanAcAraparaM prauDhoktirutkarSAhato prauDho. 210 mAnamasyA nirAkartu mAne necchati phaNIndraste guNAnvaktuM .. pari. 97 | mAlinyamabjazazi kAra. 175 vako. 23 kAvya. 195 viSa. 158 rasa. 268 bhAvi. 26 // vakro. 260 ati. 49 saMbha. 284 apa. 31 asaMga. 150 dIpa. 60 ava. 226 pratya. 193 upre. 35 apa. 29 zleSA. 102 utpre. 43 pratya. 192 anujJA. 227 cheko. 250 vici. 164 mIli. 240 smRtya. 279 samA. 190 hetva. vika. 209 260

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zlokaH mIlitaM yadi sAdRzyA muktAH kelivi mukta vidrumamanta mukhena garalaM muJcati muJcati munirjayati meghairmeramambaraM mohaM jagattraya ya yaM prati preSitA yattayA melanaM tatra yatA laharI nAdupAyasiddha yatvannevasamAna yathA prahlAdanAnandraH yathA randhra vyomna yathAsaMkhyaM krameNaiva yathordhvAtaH yadayaM rathasaMkSobhA yadi santi guNAH yaducyate pArvati hRtirbhavaM yadvakraM muhurItase yanmadhyadezAdapi yazca nimbaM yazva rAmaM na yasminvizeSasAmAnya yAmi na yAmIti yuktiH parAtisandhAnaM yugAntakAlaprati guNavAnA nAma kecidiha yeSAM candrAloke rastrasia ra raktastvaM navapallavairaha raktau tavAGghrI mRdulau ( 310 ) alaM. pRSThaM zlokaH mIli. 239 ratnastambheSu saMkrAnta saMkara. 302 ratnastambheSu saMkrAntaiH ati. 47 | ratyAptapriyalAJchane ekAva. 196 | rathasthitAnAM parivarta ati. ramyA iti rasa. 269 ravitapto gajaH 51 praharSa 219 | rasabhAvatadAbhAsa. asaMga. 152 rAjansaptApyakUpArA rAjasevA manuSyANAM rAtrirgamiSyati rAtriH zivA rAtrau kherdivA rikteSu vArikathayA rUpakAtizayoktiH viSa. 158 upamA. 5 asu. 276 praharSa 221 pratI. 11 ekava. 300 la yathA. anu. 276 lajjA tirazvAM 179 lAvaNyadraviNanyayo anyo. 168limpatIva tamo'GgAni ullA. 224 lIlAbjAnAM prati. 66 | lubdho na visR arthAta 207 |lezaH syAddoSaguNayoH ati. lokaM pazyati 47 vyAja. 132 | lokapravAdAnukRti lokAnandana alpA. 167 loke tulya. 57 kalaGkamapa vino. 83 lolabhrUlatayA vika. 208 va ati. 53 | vakroktiH zleSakA kubhyA yuktya. 256 vakrasyandisveda adhi. 165 vatse mA gA lezA . 230 vadanena nirjitaM saMbhavA. 283 vadanti vayavarNyAnAM upo. 2 vadantI jAravRttAntaM ati. 51 vande devaM jaladhi vapuHprAdurbhAvAdanu vyati. 80 varatanukabarI utpre. 35 varSyAnAmitareSAM vA bhalaM. pRSThaM samA. 240 udA. 262 ratnA. 233 utpre. 42 zleSA. 103 ati. 49 rasa. 268 263 atyu. nida. 74 viSAda. 222 prastu. 119 utpre. 40 kai. 34 ati. 44 apra. 112 ni. 136 a. saM. 286 ratnA 234 vyAghA. 174 lezA. 229 paryA. 122 loko. 257 ullA. 224 viSa. 157 zrutya. 281 vakro. 259 pihi. 248 vivR. 253 AvR. 63 dIpa. 59 chekA. 33 paryAyo. 123 kAvya. 197 vibhA. 143 tulya. 55

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alaM. pRSThaM rUpa. 18 arthA. 282 vyati. 80 vyAjo. 249 samA. 85 pari. 94 anujJA. 228 vize. 65 - zlokaH vayenAnyasyopamAyA vaye syAdvarNavRttAnta vopamAnadharmANAM varyopameyalAbhena vahantI sindUraM cAkyayorekasAmAnye vAkyArthayoH-sadRzayoH vAnchitAdadhikArthasya cApi kApi sphurati vArANasIvAsavatAM vicitraM tatprayatnazcet viditaM yo yathA vidvAneva vijAnAti vidhAya vairaM sAmarSe vidhireva vizeSa vidhukaraparirambhAdA vinAniSTaM ca tasiddhi vinoktizcedvinA kiM vibhAvanA vinApi vibhinnavarNA garuDA viyoge gauDanArINAM viruddhaM bhinnadezatvaM viruddhAtkAryasaMpatti virUpakAryasyotpatti virodhe tulyabalayo vilavayanti zruti vilIyenduH sAkSAda vivasvatAnAyiSateva vivRNvatA doSamapi vivRtoktiH zliSTagupta vizeSaH khyAtamAdhAraM vizeSaH so'pi yadyeka vizeSaNAnAM sAmyena viSamaM varNyate yatra viSayyabhedatAdRpya visrabdhaghAtadoSaH vIra tvadripuramaNI ( 311 ) alaM. pRSThaM / zlokaH pratI. 13 vedhA dvedhA bhramaM lali. 113 vyakaM balIyAnyadi upamA. 4 | vyatireko vizeSazcet pratI. 12 vyAjoktiranyahetUktyA prastu. 119 vyAvalgarakucabhAra prati. 63 vyAsthaM naikatayA nida. 69 brajema bhavadantikaM praharSa. 220 ati. 44 zabdArthazaktyA 245 zamayati jala vici. 164 zambhurvizvamavatyadya zrutya. 280 zaraNaM kiM prapannAni zazinamupagateyaM apra. 107 zastraM na khalu kartavyaM vyA. ni. 134. zApo'pyadRSTatanayA ekAva. 262 zikhariNi kva nu samA. 162 zuddhApahnatiranyasyA 83 zroNIbandhastyajati vibhA. 142 pUrva. 236 saMketakAlamanasaM nida. 72 saMgatAni mRgAkSINAM asaMga. 149 / saMgatAnyaguNAnagI vibhA. 146 / saMgrAmAGgaNamAgatena viSa. 154 saMjAtapatraprakarA vika. 186 sa eva yuktipUrvazcet pari. 185 | satpuSkaradyotitaraGga saMdeha. 295 satyaM tapaH sugatyai utpre. 41 santaH saccaritodaya zabda. 278 : sambandhAtizayoktiH vivR. 253 . sambhAvanA yadItthaM vize. 169 sambhAvanA syAdutprekSA vize. 171 samaM syAdvarNanaM yatra samA. 91 samarthanIyasyArthasya viSa. 155 samAdhiH kAryasaukya rUpa. 15 samAsoktiH parisphU arthAnta. 203 sarvadA sarvado'sIti tadgu. 235 sarvAzucinidhAnasya prastu. 119 AvR. 63 rUpa. 15 yathA. 180 saMdeha. 295 samA. 163 viSa. 157 vyAja. 133 apa. 28 paryA. 180 vino sUcamA. 248 tulya. ata. 237 mAlA. 177 tulya. 56 apa. 29 ekAva. 298 samA. 164 lezA. 229 ati. 49 saMbhA. 211 utpre. 34 samA. 160 kAvya. 195 samA. 190 samA. 84 pari. 93

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( 312 ) alaM. pRSThaM zlokaH praharSa. 219 sauhArdasvarNarekhA saho. 82 sthirA zailI myAja. 129 spaSTosakiraNa rUpa. 15 sphuTamasadavalagnaM pari. 96 sphuradadbhutarUpa sAmA. 240 syAtsmRtibhrAntisaMde samA. 161 syAcAghAto'nyathA Ahe. 137 svakIyaM hRdayaM saMdeha. 296 svabhAvoktiH svabhAvasya vidhya. 265 tulya. 59 chekA. 33 hAlAhalo naiva ati. 46 | hitAhite vRttitaulya vivR. 255 hRtasAramivendu dIpa. 60 | hRdayAnnApayAto sUcamA. 248 he godAvari devi mudrA. 232 hetuhetumatorakyaM lali. 216 hetUnAmasamagratve vyAghA. 173 hetohetumatA sAdhaM anu. 277 | he hasta dakSiNa zloka sarvendriyasukhAsvAdo sahoktiH sahabhAvazcet sAdhu dUti punaH sAdhuH sAdhvIyamaparA lakSmI sAbhiprAye vizeSye tu sAmAnyaM yadi sAdRzya sArUpyamapi kAryasya sAhityapAthonidhi siktaM sphaTikakumbhAntaH sidasyaiva vidhAnaM siddhiH khyAteSu cennA sItkAraM zikSayati sudhAbaddhagrAsarupavana subhra svaM kupitetya suvarNapuSpAM pRthivIM sUcamaM parAzayAbhijJe sUcyArthasUcanaM mudrA so'pUrvo rasanA saukaryeNa nibaddhApi saumitre nanu alaM. pRSThaM apra. 108 prati. 64 ekAva. 29. anupa. 283 vize. 172 smRti. 26 vyAghA. 172 arthA. 194 svabhA. 260 ha apa. 30 tulya. apra. 109 vize. 171 kAvya. 198 hetva. 267 vibhA. 144 hetva. 266 vidhya. 266 virain

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