Bharatiya Sanskriti Ke Vikas Me Jain Vangamay Ka Avdan Part 02

Author(s): Nemichandra Shastri, Rajaram Jain, Devendrakumar Shastri
Publisher: Prachya Shraman Bharati
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/032458/1

Page #1
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina-vAGmaya kA avadAna dvitIya khaNDa sva. DaoN nemicandra zAstrI, jyotiSAcArya

Page #2
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmaya kA avadAna [prAcya-bhASA, jaina-vidyA, bhAratIya vAGmaya tathA zramaNa-saMskRti sambandhI durlabha zodha-nibandhoM kA apUrva saMgraha] [dvitIya khaNDa] lekhaka sva. DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI, jyotiSAcArya ema0 e0 (traya) pI-eca0 DI0, DI. liT sampAdaka DaoN. rAjArAma jaina ema0 e0, pI-eca. DI. rIDara evaM adhyakSa saMskRta-prAkRta vibhAga eca. DI. jaina kAleja, ArA DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI ema0 e0, pI-eca. DI. prAdhyApaka snAtakottara mahAvidyAlaya, nImaca saujanya : kRSNa nagara, digambara jaina samAja E-5/37, kRSNA nagara, dillI-51, phona : 55351932 prAcya zramaNa bhAratI mujaphpharanagara

Page #3
upAdhyAya muni zrI 108 jJAnasAgara jI mahArAja ke kRSNA nagara jaina mandira meM pravAsa ke upalakSya meM prakAzita prakAzaka : kRSNA nagara jaina samAja, kRSNa nagara, dillI-51 saMskaraNa : prathama, navambara, 2003, pratiyA~ : 1100 mUlya : 300 rupaye mAtra (punaH prakAzana hetu) prApti sthAna : prAcya zramaNa bhAratI 12/e, nikaTa jaina mandira premapurI, mujaphpharanagara - 251001 (u0 pra0) phona : 0131-2450228, 2408901 ror3a, zruta saMvarddhana saMsthAna prathama tala, 247, dillI meraTha - 250 002 phona : 0121-2528704 zrI digambara jaina tIrthakSetra jJAnasthalI bhUDabarAla, paratApura, dillI ror3a, meraTha phona : 0121-2440485, 3119857 zrI digambara jaina mandira I-5/37, kRSNA nagara, zAhadarA, dillI-51 phona : 55351932 mudraka : dIpa priMTarsa 70e. rAmA roDa, iMDasTriyala eriyA viSaya para Aya - rASTrIya saMgoSThI meM naI dillI -110015 phona : 25925099, 98110369334

Page #4
AcArya paramparA bAla brahmacArI, prazAnta mUrti AcArya 108 zrI zAntisAgara jI mahArAja (chANI) uttara janma tithi - kArtika vadI ekAdazI vi0saM0 - 1945 (san 1888) janma sthAna - grAma-chANI, jilA - udayapura (rAjasthAna) janma nAma zrI kevaladAsa jaina pitA kA nAma zrI bhAgacanda jaina mAtA kA nAma - zrImatI mANikabAI kSullaka dIkSA san 1922 (visaM01979) sthAna gar3hI, jilA-bAsabAr3A (rAjasthAna) muni dIkSA bhAdra zuklA 14 saMvat 1980 (san 1923) sAgavAr3A, jilA DUgarapura (rAjasthAna) AcArya pada san 1926 sthAna girIDIha (jhArakhaMDa prAnta) samAdhimaraNa 17 maI 1944 jyeSThavadI dazamI sthAna sAgavAr3A (rAjasthAna) sthAna parama pUjya AcArya 108 zrI sUryasAgara jI mahArAja janma tithi - kArtika zuklA navamI vi0saM0 1940 (san 1883) janma sthAna premasara, jilA - gvAliyara (mapra0) janma nAma - zrI hajArIlAla jaina pitA kA nAma - zrI hIrAlAla jaina mAtA kA nAma zrImatI gaiMdAbAI ailaka dIkSA - vi0saM0-1981 (san 1924)(A zAntisAgara jI se) sthAna indaura (madhya pradeza) muni dIkSA margAsara,badI gyArasa vi.sa. 1981 (san 1924) 51 dina pazcAt AcArya zAntisAgara jI (chANI) se sthAna hATapIpalyA, jilA-devAsa (ma.pra.) AcArya pada vi0sa0 1985 (san 1928) sthAna koDaramA (jhArakhaNDa) samAdhimaraNa vi0 saM0 2009 (14 julAI 1952) sthAna DAlamiyA nagara (jhArakhaNDa) sAhitya kSetra meM - 33 granthoM kI racanA kii| parama pUjya AcArya 108 zrI vijayasAgara jI mahArAja * * janma tithi - vi0 saM0 1938 mAgha sudI 8 guruvAra janma sthAna - sirolI,jilA-gvAliyara (madhya pradeza) : janma nAma - zrI cokhelAla jaina / 1. pitA kAmAma - zrI mAnika canda jaina mAtA kA nAma :- zrImatI lakSmI bAI kSullaka dIkSA - iTAvA (uttara pradeza) - ailaka dIkSA mathurA (uttara pradeza) ' muni dIkSA - mAroMTha (ji.nAgaura,rAjasthAna) AcArya zrI sUryasAgara jI se . samAdhi,tithi- 20 disambara 1962 murAra,jilA- gvAliyara (madhya pradeza) sthAna

Page #5
parama pUjya AcArya 108 zrI vimalasAgara jI mahArAja (bhinDa vAle) janma tithi - pauSa zuklA dvitIyA vi0 saM0 1948 (san 1891) janma sthAna - grAma mohanA, jilA- gvAliyara (madhya pradeza) janma nAma - zrI kizorIlAla jaina pitA kA nAma zrI bhIkamacanda jaina mAtA kA nAma - zrImatI mathurAdevI jaina kSullaka dIkSA - vi0 saM01998 (san 1941) A vijayasAgara jI se sthAna grAma - pATana, jilA-jhAlAvADa (rAjasthAna) muni dIkSA vi0saM0 2000-A vijayasAgara jI se sthAna koTA (rAjasthAna) AcArya pada - san 1973,sthAna - hAr3autI samAdhimaraNa. 13 apraila 1973 (vi0sa02030) sthAna - sAMgoda, jilA - koTA (rAjasthAna) mAsopavAsI, samAdhisamrATa parama pUjya AcArya 108 zrI sumati sAgara jI mahArAja . janmatithi vi0 saM0 1974 Asoja zuklA caturthI (san 1917) janma sthAna - grAma - zyAmapurA, jilA - murainA (madhya pradeza) janma nAma zrI natthIlAla jaina pitA kA nAma - zrI chidUlAla jaina mAtA kA nAma - zrImatI ciraujA devI jaina ailaka dIkSA - vi.saM. 2025 caitra zuklA trayodazI (san 1968) sthAna murainA (madhya pradeza) A vimalasAgara jI se ailaka nAma - zrI vIrasAgara jI muni dIkSA vi0 saM0 2025 agahana vadI dvAdazI (san 1968) sthAna gAjiyAbAda (uttara pradeza) AcArya pada jyeSTha sudI 5 visaM 2030,apraila 13,san 1973 sthAna murainA (ma.pra.) A.vimalasAgara jI (bhiNDavAle) mahArAja se| samAdhimaraNa kvAra vadI 1/3 di.3.10.94 - sonAgira siddhakSetra, jilA datiyA (madhya pradeza) sthAna sayakoddhAraka parama pUjya upAdhyAya 108 zrI jJAnasAgara jI mahArAja janma tithi - vaizAkha zukla dvitIyA, vizsa 2014, maI 1, san 1957 janma sthAna murainA (madhya pradeza) janma nAma zrI umeza kumAra jaina pitA kA nAma zrI zAMtilAla jaina mAtA kA nAma zrImatI azarphI jaina brahmacarya vrata san 1974 kSullaka dIkSA sonAgira jI, 5.11.1976 kSu dIkSoparAnta nAma - kSu0 zrI guNasAgara jI kSullaka dIkSA guru - AcArya zrI sumatisAgara jI mahArAja muni dIkSA sonAgira jI,mahAvIra jayantI, caita sudI trayodasI 31.3.1988 muni dIkSoparAnta nAma - muni zrI jJAnasAgara jI dIkSA guru AcArya zrI sumatisAgara jI mahArAja upAdhyAya pada saradhanA, 30.1.1989

Page #6
MS C zrI digambara jaina mandira, kRSNA nagara, zAhadarA (dillI) 200

Page #7
bAla brahmacArI, prazAnta mUrti AcArya 108 zrI zAntisAgara jI mahArAja ( chANI)

Page #8
parama pUjya AcArya 108 zrI sUryasAgara jI mahArAja

Page #9
parama pUjya AcArya 108 zrI vijayasAgara jI mahArAja

Page #10
parama pUjya AcArya 108 zrI vimalasAgara jI mahArAja (bhiNDa vAle)

Page #11
jyA mAsopavAsI samAdhisamrATa parama pUjya AcArya ___108 zrI sumatisAgara jI mahArAja

Page #12
hamAre preraNA srota jinake AzIrvAda se yaha gurutara kArya sampanna huA sarAkoddhAraka parama pUjya upAdhyAya 108 zrI jJAnasAgara jI mahArAja

Page #13
sva. DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI, jyotiSAcArya janma : 16 sitambara 1922 mRtyu : 10 janavarI 1974

Page #14
AcArya zAntisAgara (chANI) aura unako paramparA bIsavIM sadI meM digambara jaina muni paramparA kucha avarUddha sI ho gaI thI, vizeSataH uttara bhArata meN| zAstroM meM muni-mahArAjoM ke jisa svarUpa kA adhyayana karate the, usakA darzana asambhava sA thaa| isa asambhava ko do mahAna AcAryoM ne sambhava banAyA, donoM sUryoM kA udaya lagabhaga samakAlika huA, jinakI paramparA se Aja hama munirAjoM ke darzana kA saubhAgya prApta karate haiM aura apane manuSya janma ko dhya mAnate haiN| ye do AcArya haiM cAritracakravartI AcArya 108 zrI zAntisAgara mahArAja (dakSiNa) aura prazAntamUrti AcArya 108 zrI zAntisAgara jI mahArAja (chaannii)| kaisA saMyoga hai ki donoM hI zAnti ke sAgara haiN| donoM hI AcAryoM ne bhAratabhara meM muni dharma va muni paramparA ko vRddhigata kiyaa| donoM AcAryoM meM paraspara meM atyadhika mela thA, yahA~ taka ki byAvara (rAjasthAna) meM donoM kA sasaMgha eka sAtha cAturmAsa huA thaa| prazAntamUrti AcArya zAnti sAgara jI kA janma kArtika badI ekAdazI vi.sa. 1945 (san 1888) ko grAma chANI jilA udayapura (rAjasthAna) meM huA thA, para sampUrNa bhArata meM paribhramaNa kara bhavya jIvoM ko upadeza dete hue sampUrNa bhAratavarSa, vizeSataH uttara bhArata ko inhoMne apanA bhramaNa kSetra bnaayaa| unake bacapana kA nAma kevaladAsa thA, jise unhoMne vAstava meM anvayArthaka (kevala advitIya, anokhA, akelA) banA diyaa| vi.sa. 1979 (san 1922) meM gar3hI, jilA bA~savAr3A (rAjasthAna) meM kSullaka dIkSA evaM bhAdra zuklA 14 saMvata 1980 (san 1923) sAgavAr3A (rAjasthAna) meM muni dIkSA taduparAnta vi.sa. 1983 (san 1926) meM girIDIha (bihAra prAnta) meM AcArya pada prApta kiyaa| dIkSoparAnta AcArya mahArAja ne anekata bihAra kiyaa| ve prabhAvazAlI vyaktitva ke dhanI the| unhoMne samAja meM phailI kurItiyoM ko dUra karane meM koI kasara nahIM uThA rakhI thii| mRtyu ke bAda chAtI pITane kI prathA, daheja prathA, bali prathA Adi kA unhoMne DaTakara virodha kiyaa| chANI ke jamIMdAra ne to unake ahiMsA vyAkhyAna se prabhAvita hokara apane rAjya meM sadaiva ke lie hiMsA kA niSedha karA diyA thA aura ahiMsA dharma aMgIkAra kara liyA thaa| AcArya para ghora upasarga hue, jinheM unhoMne samatAbhAva se shaa| unhoMne 'mUlArAdhanA, 'AgamadarpaNa', 'zAntizataka', 'zAntI sudhasAgara' Adi granthoM kA saMkalana/praNayana kiyA, jinheM samAja ne prakAzita karAyA, jisase Aja hamArI zruta paramparA surakSita aura vRddhigata hai| jyeSTha badI dazamI vi*sa* 2001 (17 maI san 1944) sAgavAr3A (rAjasthAna) meM AcArya zrI zAntisAgara jI mahArAja (chANI) kA samAdhimaraNa huaa|

Page #15
inake aneka ziSya hue, jinameM AcArya sUryasAgara jI bahuzruta vidvAna the / AcArya sUryasAgara jI kA janma kArtika zuklA navamI vi0sa0 1940 ( san 1883) meM premasara, jilA gvAliyara (ma0pra0) meM huA thA / vi0sa0 1981 (san 1924) meM ailaka dIkSA indaura meM, tatpazcAta 51 dina bAda muni dIkSA hATa pipalyA jilA mAlavA (ma0pra0) meM AcArya zAntisAgara jI mahArAja ( chANI) se prApta kI / digambara jaina paramparA se jaina sAhitya ko sudRr3ha evaM sthAyI banA sake haiN| AcArya sUryasAgara jI unameM se eka the| unhoMne lagabhaga 35 granthoM kA saMkalana / praNayana kiyA aura samAja ne unheM prakAzita kraayaa| 'saMyamaprakAza' unakA advitIya vRhata grantha hai, jisake do bhAgoM (dasa kiraNoM) meM zramaNa aura zrAvaka ke kartavyoM kA vistAra se vivecana hai / saMyamaprakAza sacamuca meM saMyama kA prakAza karane vAlA hai, cAhe zrAvaka kA saMyama ho cAhe zramaNa kA | vi0sa0 2001 (14 julAI 1952 ) meM DAlamiyA nagara (bihAra) meM unakA samAdhimaraNa huA / paramparA ke tIsare AcArya 108 zrI vijayasAgara jI mahArAja kA janma vi0sa0 1938 mAgha sudI 8 gurUvAra (san 1881 ) meM sirolI ( ma0pra0) meM huA thaa| inhoMne iTAvA (u0pra0) meM kSullaka dIkSA evaM mathurA (u0pra0) meM ailaka dIkSA grahaNa kI thI tathA mAroTha (rAjasthAna) meM AcArya zrI sUryasAgara jI se muni dIkSA lI thii| AcArya sUryasAgara jI kA AcArya pada pUjya muni zrI vijayasAgara mahArAja ko lazkara meM diyA gayA thA / AcArya vijayasAgara jI mahArAja parama tapasvI vacanasiddha AcArya the| kahA jAtA hai ki eka gAMva meM khAre pAnI kA kuMA thA, logoM ne AcArya zrI se kahA ki hama sabhI grAmavAsiyoM ko khArA pAnI pInA par3atA hai, AcArya zrI ne sahaja rUpa se kahA, "dekho pAnI khArA nahIM mIThA hai", usI samaya kucha loga kueM para gaye aura Azcarya pAnI khArA nahIM mIThA thaa| Apake Upara upasarga Aye, jinheM Apane zAntIbhAva se sahA, ApakA samAdhi maraNa vi0sa0 2019 (20 disambara 1962 ) meM murAra (gvAliyara) meM huA / AcArya vijayasAgara jI ke ziSyoM meM AcArya vimalasAgara jI suyogya ziSya hue| AcArya vimala sAgara jI kA janma pauSa badI zuklA dvitIyA vi0sa0 1948 (san 1891) meM grAma mohanA, jilA gvAliyara (ma0pra0) meM huA thaa| Apane kSullaka dIkSA evaM muni dIkSA (vi0sa0 2000 meM) AcArya zrI vijayasAgara jI mahArAja se grahaNa kii| Apa pratibhAzAlI AcArya the| Apake sadupadeza se anekoM jinAlayoM kA nirmANa aura jinabimboM kI pratiSThA huI / Apake sAnnidhya meM aneka paMcakalyANaka pratiSThAeM va gajaratha mahotsava sampanna hue / bhiNDa nagara ko ApakI vizeSa dena hai| ApakA janma mohanA ( ma0pra0) meM tathA pAlana-poSaNa pIroTha meM huA, ataH Apa 'pIroThavAle mahArAja' sAtha hI bhiNDa nagara meM aneka jinabimboM kI sthApanA karAne ke kAraNa bhiNDa vAle mahArAja' ke nAma se vikhyAta rahe haiN| AcArya vijaya vi

Page #16
jI ne apanA AcArya pada vimalasAgara jI mahArAja (bhiNDa) ko san 1973 meM hAr3autI jile meM diyaa| AcArya vimalasAgara jI ne aneka dIkSAeM dI unake ziSyoM meM AcArya sumatisAgara jI, AcArya nirmala sAgara jI, AcArya kunthusAgara jI, muni jJAnasAgara jI Adi atiprasiddha haiN| AcArya vimalasAgara jI mahArAja ne apanA AcArya pada bra IzvaralAla jI ke hAtha patrA dvArA sumatisAgara jI ko diyA thaa| AcArya vimalasAgara jI mahArAja kA samAdhimaraNa 13 apraila 1973 (vi*sa* 2030) meM sAMgoda, jilA koTA (rAjasthAna) meM huA thaa| AcArya zAntisAgara jI mahArAja (chANI) paramparA ke pAMcave AcArya zrI sumati sAgara jI mahArAja kA janma vi.sa. 1974 (san 1917) Asoja zuklA caturthI ko grAma zyAmapurA jilA murainA (ma.pra.) meM huA thaa| Apane ailaka dIkSA vi*sa* 2025 caitra zuklA trayodazI ko revADI (hariyANA) meM muni dIkSA vi.sa. 2025 agahana badI dvAdazI (san 1968) meM gAjiyAbAda (u.pra.) meM grahaNa kii| AcArya sumatisAgara jI kaThora tapasvI aura ArSamArgAnuyAyI the| Apane aneka kaSToM aura ApadAyoM ko sahane ke bAda digambarI dIkSA dhAraNa kI thii| Apake jIvana meM aneka upasarga aura camatkAra hue| paMDita makkhanalAla jI murainA jaise adbhuta vidvAnoM kA saMsarga Apako milaa| Apa mAsopavAsI kahe jAte the| Apake upadeza se aneka ArSamArgAnuyAyI granthoM kA prakAzana huaa| sonAgira sthita tyAgI vratI Azrama ApakI kIrtipatAkA paphaharA rahA hai| Apane zatAdhika dIkSAeM aba taka pradAna kI thii| Apake prasiddha ziSyoM meM upAdhyAya zrI jJAnasAgara jI mahArAja pramukha hai| aise AcAryoM, upAdhyAyoM, munivaroM, guruvaroM ko zat-zat namana, zat-zat vndn| san 1957 I. meM madhya pradeza ke murainA zahara meM upAdhyAya jI kA janma huA thaa| inake pitA kA nAma zrI zAntilAla jI evaM mAtA kA nAma zrImatI azarphI hai| inake bacapana kA nAma umeza kumAra thaa| inake do bhAI aura bahane haiN| bhAiyoM kA nAma zrI rAkeza kumAra evaM pradIpa kumAra hai tathA bahanoM ke nAma suzrI mInA evaM anitA hai| Apane 5.11.1976 ko siddhakSetra sonAgira jI meM AcArya zrI sumatisAgara jI mahArAja se kSullaka dIkSA grahaNa kI thI tathA Apako kSullaka guNasAgara nAma milA thaa| 12 varSoM taka nirdoSa kSullaka kI caryA pAlane ke bAda Apako AcArya zrI sumatisAgara jI mahArAja ne 31.3.88 ko sonAgira siddhakSetra meM muni dIkSA dekara zrI jJAnasAgara jI mahArAja nAma se alaMkRta kiyaa| saradhanA meM 30-1-89 ko Apako upAdhyAya pada pradAna kiyA gyaa| upAdhyAyazrI ke caraNa-kamala jahAM par3ate haiM vahAM jaMgala meM maMgala caritArtha ho jAtA hai| vii

Page #17
umeza se upAdhyAya zrI jJAnasAgarajI mahArAja sapharanAmA eka anekAntika sAdhaka kA ekAnta, ekAgra aura sayaMmI jIvana kI vilakSaNa mAnavIya pratIti bana kara eka saMkalpazIla ke rUpa meM upAdhyAya zrI 108 jJAnasAgara jI mahArAja jaba loka jIvana meM avatarita hue to yaha dharatI udbhAsita ho gayI unakI tapasyA kI prabhA aura tyAga kI krAMti se| tyAga, titikSA aura vairAgya kI sAMskRtika dharohara ke dhanI tIrthaMkaroM kI zrRMkhalA ko pallavita aura puSpita karatI digambara mani paramparA kI eka atyanta mahattvapUrNa aura prabhAvazAlI kar3I ke rUpa meM pUjya upAdhyAya zrI ne apane AbhAmaNDala se samagra mAnavIya cetanA ko eka abhinava saMdRSTi dI hai aura saMvAda kI naI varNamAlA kI racanA karate hue una mAnavIya AkhyoM kI saMsthApanA kI hai jinameM eka tapasvI ke viveka, eka yogI ke saMyama aura yugacetanA kI krAntidarzI dRSTi kI triveNI kAsamavA hai| gurudeva kI upadeza-vANI pratyeka manuSya kA jhaMkRta karasahI hai kyoMki vaha antaHsphUrta hai aura hai sahaja tathA sAmAnya - UhApoha se mukta, sahajagrAhya aura bodhagamya jo manuSya ko jJAna aura pANDitya ke ahaMkAra se mukta kara mAnavIya sadbhAva kA paryAya banAne meM satat pravRtta hai| yaha vANI vargodaya ke virUddha eka aisI vaicArika krAnti hai jahA~ sabhI ke vikAsa ke pUrNa avasara haiM, bandhanoM se mukti kA ahvAna hai, jIvana samabhAva hai, jAti-samabhAva hai jo nirantara dIpita ho rahI haiunakI jagakalyANI aura janakalyANI dIpti se| cambala ke pAradarzI nIra aura usakI gaharAI ne murainA meM vi.saM 2014 vaizAkha sudI doyaja ko janme bAlaka umeza ko picchi kamaNDalu kI maitrI ke sAtha apane bacapana kI usa buniyAda ko majabUta karAyA jisane use nivRtti mArga kA sahaja, para samarpita pathika banA diyaa| zahara meM Ane vAle hara sAdhu-sAdhvI ke prati bacapana se vikasita hue anurAga ne mAtA azarphI bAI aura pitA zAntilAla ko to hara pala sazaMkita kiyA para bAlaka umeza kA AdhyAtmika anurAga pratikSaNa pallavita evaM puSpita hotA gayA aura isakI pariNati huI san 1974 meM usa pratIkSita phaisale se jaba kizora umeza ne AjIvana brahmacarya vrata aMgIkAra kiyA, do varSoM bAda pAMca navambara unnIsa sau chihattara ko brahmacArI umeza ne kSullaka dIkSA grahaNa kI A. zrI sumatisAgara jI se| umeza se rUpAntarita hue kSulalaka guNasAgara ne bAraha varSoM taka paM. pannAlAla jI sAhityAcArya, paM. lakSmIkAnta jI viii

Page #18
jhA, paM. balabhadra jI pAThaka, paM. jIvanalAla jI agnihotrI Adi vidvAnoM kI sAnnidhi meM nyAya, vyAkaraNa evaM siddhAnta ke aneka granthoM kA cintana-manana bhI saphalatApUrvaka kiyaa| kSullaka guNasAgara jI kI sAdhanA yAtrA lalitapura, sAgara tathA jabalapura meM isa yuga ke mahAna santa pUjya AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara jI kI pAvana sAnnidhi ke madhya dhavalA kI tattva sampadA ke sAgara meM avagAhana karane meM samarpita huii| dArzanika avadhAraNoM kI paurvAtya pRSThabhUmi kI gaharI samajha ke sAtha-sAtha kSullaka jI ne pAzcAtya cintakoM ke vicAroM ko bhI AtmasAt kiyA evaM bhASA tathA sAhitya ke granthoM kA bhI adhyayana kiyA tAki apane cintana kA navanIta janamAnasa ke sammukha AsAna aura bodhagamya bhASA meM vastuparakatA ke sAtha pahu~cAyA jA ske| kSullaka jI kA nispRhI, vidyAnurAgI mana jaina darzana ke gUDha rahasyoM ke sandhAna meM rata rahA aura prArambha huA saMvAda kA eka nayA crnn| cAhe caMderI kI siddhAnta-vAcanA ho yA lalitapura kI nyAya-vidyA-vAcanA yA muMgAvalI kI vidvatsaMgoSThI yA phira khaniyAMdhAnA kI siddhAnta-vAcanA, prAcIna avadhAraNAoM ke naye aura sarala artha pratipAdita hue, paribhASita hue aura hue saMpreSita bhI jana-jana tk| yaha to prajJAna kA prabhASita hotA vaha pakSa thA, jisakI rozanI se dig-diganta Alokita ho rahA thaa| para dUsarA-tIsarA....cauthA.... na jAne aura kitane patha/AyAma, sAtha-sAtha cetanA kI UrdhvagAmitA ke sAtha jur3a rahe the, sAdhaka kI prayoga dharmitA ko UrjasvitA kara rahe the - zAyada sAdhaka bhI anajAna thA apane Atma-purUSArthI prakrama se| cAhe saMghastha muniyoM, kSullakoM, ailakoM kI vaiyAvRtti kA vAtsalya pakSa ho yA tapazcaraNa kI kaThina aura bahuAyAmI sAdhanA, kSullaka guNasAgara kI Atma-zodhana-yAtrA apanI pUrNa tejasvitA ke sAtha agrasara rahI, apane utkarSa kI talAza meN| . mahAvIra jayantI ke pAvana prasaMga para ikattIsa mArca unnIsa sau aThAsI ko kSullaka zrI ne AcArya zrI sumatisAgara jI mahArAja se sonAgira siddhakSetra (datiyA ma.pra.) meM muni dharma kI dIkSA grahaNa kI aura taba AvirbhAva huA usa yuvA, krAntidRSTA tapasvI kA jise muni jJAnAsAgara ke rUpa meM yuga ne pahacAnA aura unakA guNAnuvAda kiyaa| sAdhanA ke nirgrantha rUpa meM pratiSThita isa digambara muni ne jahA~ Atma-zodhana ke aneka prayoga kie, sAdhanA ke naye mAnadaNDa saMsthApita kie, udAtta cintana kI UrjasvI dhArA ko pravAha mAnakara tatvajJAna ko nUtana vyAkhyAoM se samRddha kiyA vahIM para apanI karUNA, AtmIyatA aura saMvegazIlatA ko jana-jana taka vistIrNa kara bhagavAna mahAvIra kI "satveSu maitrI" kI avadhAraNA ko puSpita, pallavita x

Page #19
aura saMvarddhita bhI kiyaa| madhyapradeza kI prajJAna-sthalI sAgara meM munirAja kA prathama cAturmAsa, tapazcaryA kI karmasthalI banA aura yahIM se zurU huA AdhyAtmika antaryAtrA kA vaha artha jisane pratyeka kAlakhaNDa meM naye-naye artha gar3he aura saMvedanAoM kI samajha ko sAdhanA kI zailI meM antarlIna kara tAtvikaM pariSkAra ke nava-bimboM ke sataraMgI indradhanuSa ko AdhyAtmika kSitija para pratiSThita kiyaa| AgAmI varSoM meM muni jJAnasAgara jI ne jinavANI ke ArAdhakoM se sthApita kiyA eka sArthaka saMvAda tAki Agama-granthoM meM nibaddha rahasyoM ko sAmAnya janoM taka bodhagamya bhASA aura zailI meM sampreSita kiyA jA ske| saradhanA, zAhapura, khekar3A, gayA, rAMcI, ambikApura, bar3AgAMva, dillI, meraTha, alavara, tijArA, mathurA Adi sthAnoM para vidvat-saMgoSThiyoM ke AyojanoM ne bahuta se anuttarita praznoM ke jahAM eka ora uttara khoje vahIM dUsarI aura zodha evaM samIkSA ke lie naye sandarbha bhI paribhASita kiye| anupalabdha granthoM ke punarprakAzana kI samasyA ko isa jJAna-pipAsu ne samajhA parakhA aura sraahaa| isa kSetra meM gahana abhirUci ke kAraNa sarvaprathama bahuzruta zramaNa paramparA ke anupalabdha prAmANika zodha-grantha sva. DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI dvArA sarjita sAhitya sampadA, "tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA" (cAroM bhAga) ke punarprakAzana kI preraNA kI, jise sudhI zrAvakoM ne atyalpa samayAvadhi meM paripUrNa bhI kiyaa| punarprakAzana yaha anuSThAna zramaNa-paramparA para kAla ke prabhAva se par3I dhUla ko haTA kara una ratnoM ko jinavANI ke sAdhakoM ke sammukha lA rahA hai jo vismRta se ho rahe the| pUjya gurUdeva kI maMgala preraNA se prAcya zramaNa bhAratI, muz2aphpharanagara (u.pra.) ke avadhAna meM pAcAsa se adhika granthoM kA prakAzana/punarprakAzana, lagabhaga cAra varSoM kI alpAvadhi meM huA hai, jisameM tiloyapaNNatI, jainazAsana, jainadharma Adi atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai| isa krama ko gati dete hue pUjya upAdhyAya zrI ne Adhunika kAlakhaNDa meM bhulA diye gaye saMtoM evaM vidvAnoM ke kRtitva se samAja ko paricita karAne kA bhI gurUkArya kiyA hai, jisakI pariNati svarUpa AcArya zAntisAgara chANI smRti grantha hai, jisake prakAzana se eka ora vismRta se ho rahe usa atyanta purAtana sAdhaka se samAja kA paricaya huA, jisane sampUrNa bhArata meM digambara zramaNa paramparA ko unnIsavIM sadI ke uttarArddha meM abhivRddhi karane kA gurU-kArya kiyA thA, to dUsarI ora unakI samRddha evaM STazasvI ziSya paramparA se bhI samAja ko rU-barU kraayaa| suprasiddha jainadarzana-vida sva. paM. mahendra kumAra jaina nyAyAcArya kI smRti meM eka vizAla smRti-grantha ke prakAzana kI preraNA kara mAtra eka jinavANI-ArAdhaka kA guNAnuvAda hI nahIM huA, pratyuta nayI pIr3hI ko usa mahAna sAdhaka ke avadAnoM se paricita bhI karAne kA anuSThAna pUrNa huaa| isa

Page #20
zrRMkhalA meM sva. DaoN. hIrAlAla jI jaina, sva. DaoN. e.ena. upAdhye Adi vizruta vidvAnoM ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva para zodhaparaka saMgoSThiyoM kI AyojanA ke prastAvoM ko pUjya zrI ne eka ora apanA maMgala AzIrvAda diyA hai dUsarI ora jaina purAtatva ke gauravazAlI pannoM para prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsavettAoM evaM purAtattvavidoM ko kaMkAlI TIle, mathurA aura kutubamInAra ke anabUjha rahasyoM kI paratoM ko. kuredane aura usakI vaibhava sampadA se vartamAna kA paricaya karAne jaisA aitihAsika kArya bhI pUjya guruvara ke maMgala AzIrvAda se hI saMbhava ho sakA hai| isa tapa:pUta ne vaicArika krAnti kA udghoSa kiyA hai isa AzA aura vizvAsa ke sAtha ki Ama AdamI ke samIpa pahu~cane ke lie use usakI pratidina kI samasyAoM se mukti dilAne ke upAya bhI saMstuti karane hoNge| tanAvoM se mukti kaise ho, vyasana mukta jIvana kaise jieM, pArivArika sambandhoM meM sauhArda kaise sthApita ho tathA zAkAhAra ko jIvana-zailI ke rUpa meM kaise pratiSThApita kiyA jAya, Adi yakSa praznoM ko buddhijIviyoM, prazAsakoM, patrakAroM, adhivaktAoM, zAsakIya, arddha-zAsakIya evaM nijI kSetroM ke karmacAriyoM va adhikAriyoM, vyavasAyiyoM, chAtroM-chAtrAoM Adi ke sAtha paricarcAoM, kAryazAlAoM, goSThiyoM ke mAdhyama se uttarita karAne ke lie eka ora eka racanAtmaka saMvAda sthApita kiyA to dUsarI ora zramaNa saMskRti ke niyAmaka tatvoM evaM asmitA ke mAnadaNDoM se jana-jana ko dIkSita kara unheM jainatva kI usa jIvana zailI se bhI paricita karAyA jo unake jIvana kI prAmANikatA ko sarvasAdhAraNa ke madhya saMsthApita karatI hai| jIvana ke pratyeka kSetra kI anubhava sampanna prajJAna sampadA ko, guruvaMra ne Apadamastaka jhiMjhor3A hai, jisakI adyatana prastuti atizaya kSetra tijArA meM Ayojita jaina cikitsakoM kI vizAla saMgoSThI thI jisameM bhArata ke sudUravartI pradezoM se Aye sAdharmI cikitsaka bandhuoM ne ahiMsaka cikitsA paddhati ke liye eka kAragara kAryayojanA ko Thosa rUpa diyA aura sampUrNa mAnavatA kI premapUNa sevA ke liye pUjya zrI kI sannidhi meM apanI vacanabaddhatA ko rekhAMkita kiyA, jo zlAghya hai stutya hai| __pUjya zrI ne samAja ko eka yugAntara bodha karAyA-bhUle bisare sarAka bhAiyoM ko samAja kI mukhya-dhArA meM jor3akara sarAka bhAiyoM ke bIca araNyoM meM cAturmAsa kara unake sAtha saMvAda sthApita kiyA, unakI samasyAoM ko samajhA-parakhA aura samAja kA AhvAna kiyA, unako apanAne ke liye| pUjya zrI kI preraNA se sarAkotthAna kA eka nayA yuga prArambha huA hai jisake kucha pratIka hai usa kSetra meM nirmita ho rahe naye jinAlaya tathA sarAka kendra evaM auSAdhAlaya *Adi jahA~ dhArmika tathA laukika zikSaNa kI vyavasthA kI jA rahI hai| xi

Page #21
isa Adarza tapasvI aura mahAna vicAraka ke dvArA dharma ke vAstavika svarUpa kI pratiSThA evaM rUr3hiyoM ke samApana meM sannaddha satya kI zAzvatatA ke anusaMdhi tsuoM/jijJAsuoM ke prati anurAga ke prati sabhI natamastaka haiN| jinavANI ke ArAdhakoM ko unake kRtitva ke AdhAra para prativarSa zruta saMvarddhana saMsthAna ke avadhAna meM sammAnita karane kI yojanA kA kriyAnvayana pUjya upAdhyAya zrI ke maMgala ArzIvAda evaM preraNA se sambhava ho sakA hai| yaha saMsthAna prativarSa zramaNa paramparA ke vibhinna AyAmoM meM kiye gaye utkRSTa kAryoM ke liye pAMca variSTha jaina vidvAnoM ko ikatIsa hajAra rUpayoM kI rAzi se sammAnita kara rahA hai| saMsthAna ke ukta prayAsoM kI bhUri-bhUri sarAhanA karate hue bihAra ke tatkAlIna rAjyapAla mahAmahima zrI sundarasiMha jI bhaNDArI ne tijArA meM puraskAra samAroha ke mukhya atithi ke rUpa meM apane udgAra vyakta karate hue kahA thA ki vilupta ho rahI zramaNa paramparA ke sAdhakoM ke prajJAna guNAnuvAda kI AvazyakatA ko isa taponiSTha sAdhaka ne pahacAna kara tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI dezanA ko gauravamaNDita karane meM mahAyajJa meM jo apanI samidhA arpita kI hai vaha isa deza ke sAMskRtika itihAsa kA eka atyanta mahattvapUrNa evaM preraka prasaMga hai, jisake prati yugoM-yugoM taka isa deza kI bauddhika paramparA RNI rhegii| guNAnuvAda ke pratiSThApana ke isa prakrama ko adhika sAmayika banAne ke uddezya se zramaNa paramparA ke caturdika vikAsa meM sampUrNatA meM kiye gaye avadAnoM ke rASTrIya stara para kiya gaye Akalana ke Adha para para eka lAkha rUpayoM kI rAzi ke puraskAra kA Ayojana ikkIsavIM sadI kI sambhavataH pahalI racanAtmaka zramaNa ghaTanA hogii| pUjya gurUdeva kA mAnanA hai ki pratibhA aura saMskAra ke bIjoM ko prArambha se hI pahacAna kara saMvarddhita kiyA jAnA isa yuga kI AvazyakatA hai| isa suvicAra ko rA~cI se pratibhA sammAna samAroha ke mAdhyama se vikasita kiyA gayA jisameM pratyeka vaya ke samasta pratibhAzAlI chAtra-chAtrAoM kA sammAna, binA kisI jAti/dharma ke bheda-bhAva ke kiyA gyaa| guNAnuvAda kI yaha yAtrA gurudeva ke bihAra se vihAra ke sAtha pratyeka grAma, janapada aura nagarameM vihAra kara rahI hai aura nayI pIr3hI ko vidyAlayoM se vizvavidhAlayoM taka prerita kara rahI hai, sphUrta kara rahI hai| parama pUjya upAdhyAya 108 zrI jJAnasAgara jI mahArAja vartamAna yuga ke eka aise yuvA dRSTA, krAntikArI vicAraka, jIvana-sarjaka aura AcAraniSTha digambara saMta haiM jinake janakalyANI vicAra jIvana kI AtyAMtika gaharAiyoM, anubhUtiyoM evaM sAdhanA kI ananta UMcAiyoM tathA Agama prAmANya se udbhUta ho mAnavIya cintana ke sahaja pariSkAra meM sannaddha haiN| pUjya gurUdeva ke upadeza hamezA jIvana-samasyAoM/sandarbho kI gahanatama gutthiyoM ke marma kA saMsparza karate haiM, jIvana ko unakI samagratA meM jAnane aura samajhane kI kalA se paricita karAte haiN| xii

Page #22
unake sAdhanAmaya tejasvI jIvana ko zabdoM kI paridhi meM bA~dhanA sambhava nahIM hai, hA~ usameM avagAhana karane kI komala anubhUtiyA~ avazya zabdatIta haiN| unakA cintana phalaka deza, kAla, sampradAya, jAti, dharma-sabase dUra, prANimAtra ko samAhita karatA hai, eka yuga bodha detA hai, naitika jIvana jIne kI preraNA detA hai, vaizvika mAnava kI avadhAraNA ko Thosa AdhAra detA hai jahA~ dUra-dUra taka kahIM bhI durUhatA nahIM hai, jo hai, vaha hai, bhAva-pravaNatA, sampreSaNIyatA aura ratnatrayoM ke utkarSa se vikasita huA unakA prakhara tejomaya vyaktitva, jo bana gayA hai karUNA, samatA aura anekAnta kA eka jIvanta dstaavej| pUjya upAdhyAya zrI kA jIvana, krAnti kA zloka hai, sAdhanA aura mukti kA divya chanda hai tathA hai mAnavIya mUlyoM kI vandanA evaM jana-cetanA ke sarjanAtmaka pariSkAra evaM unake mAnasika saundarya evaM aizvarya ke vikAsa kA vaha bhAgIratha prayatna jo stutya hai, vaMdanIya hai aura hai jAti, varga, sampradAya bheda se pare pUrI insAnI jamAta kI behatarI evaM usake bIca "satveSu maitrI" kI saMsthApanA ko samarpita eka choTA, para bahuta sthira aura majabUtI bharA kdm| gurUdeva to vItarAga sAdhanA patha ke pathika haiM, nirAmaya haiM, nirgrantha haiM, darzana, jJAna aura AcAra kI triveNI haiN| ve krAntidRSTA haiM aura pariSkRta cintana ke vicAroM ke praNetA haiN| mahAvratoM kI sAdhanA meM race-base upAdhyAya zrI kI saMvedanAeM mAnava mana kI gutthiyoM ko kholatI haiM aura tandrA meM DUbe manuja ko ApAda-mastaka jhiMjhor3ane kI tAkata rakhatI haiN| parama pUjya upAdhyAya zrI ke sandeza yugoM-yugoM taka sampUrNa mAnavatA kA mArgadarzana kareM, hamArI pramAda-mUrchA ko tor3eM, hameM andhakAra se dUra prakAza ke utsa ke bIca jAne ko mArga batAte raheM, hamArI jar3atA kI iti kara hameM gatizIla banAeM, sabhya, zAlIna evaM susaMskRta banAte raheM, yahI hamAre maMgalabhAva haiM, hamAre citta kI abhivyakti hai, hamArI prArthanA hai| xiiii

Page #23
AzIrvacana hamAre antasa meM vyApta saMskRti kI racanA aura vikAsa kI cirantana dhArA, AdAna-pradAna ke mAdhyama se vRddhigaMta ho satat pravAhamAna hotI rahatI hai| yaha mana, AcAra aura ruciyoM kA pariSkAra kara antaHkaraNa kI parizuddhi tathA use jAgrata karane ke upakrama meM sannaddha bhI rahatI hai| mohanajodar3o har3appA Adi kI sabhyatA se bhArata kI sAmAsika saMskRti, samRddha rUpa se udbhUta ho Aryo tathA dravir3oM ke samanvita yogadAna kI sAkSI rahI hai| isa vikAsa - yAtrA ko gati dene kA guru- kArya kiyA hai bhASA ne aura use jIvanta kiyA hai usameM race jAne vAle sAhitya ne| dhArmika bhAvanAoM se prerita hue sAhitya sarjana ke anaginata bimba, kAla ke pravAha meM ubhare haiM jisase sAhitya kI AdhyAtmikatA, naitika vinyAsa evaM vyAvahArika upayogitA tathA santulana, apane prazasta rUpoM meM sahajatA se pratiSThita ho sake haiN| sAhityAkAza meM jaina sAhitya kA ujjvala nakSatra, prakRti meM jar3a aura cetana tatvoM kI sattA ko svIkAra kara cetana ko jar3a se uThAne aura paramatatva kI prApti kI kalA ke pratipAdana kI maulikatA ko udbhAsita karatA eka mAtra anUThA aura anupama prakAzapuMja hai, kyoMki vizva ke anAdi - ananta pravAha meM jar3a cetana rUpa dravyoM ke nAnA rUpoM aura guNoM ke vikAsa ke liye isa darzana meM IzvarIya icchA evaM adhInatA ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA, pratyuta jIva aura ajIva tatvoM ke pariNAmI niyatva guNa ke samavAya dvArA hI samasta vikAra aura vikAsa ke utpAda - vyaya dhrauvyAtmaka svarUpa kI dravya-guNa- paryAyamUlaka pahacAna ko rekhAMkita kara vyakti svAtantraya ko dArzanika cintana ke prANarUpa meM samAhita kiyA gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina vAGmaya kA samekita anuzIlana, laukika evaM lokottara vivecana, bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina saMskRti ke avadAnoM ke virATa svarUpa ko Adara pUrvaka pratiSThApita karane meM eka mahatvapUrNa bhUmikA kA nirvAha karane ke atirikta kAla - cintana ko eka nirNAyaka mor3a para lA sakane meM bhI saphala ho sakA hai| " bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina saMskRti kA avadAna' eka kAlajayI zruta - ArAdhaka sva0 pro0 DA0 nemicandra zAstrI kI aharniza zruta sAdhanA kI phalazruti hai, jo unakI bahumukhI pratibhA ke caturmukhI vistAra xiv "

Page #24
ke aneka bimba bikheratI hai| sva0 pro0 zAstrI eka saMlekhaka the evaM saMskRta, prAkRta tathA hindI bhASAoM para samAna adhikAra rakhate the| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke paccIsasauveM nirvANotsava ke zubha avasara para unhoMne " tIrthaMkAra mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA" nAmaka eka aitihAsika kRti kI racanA kI jisake cAra khaNDoM meM muni paramparA ke sampUrNa itihAsa ko bar3I gaharAI se unhoMne abhilekhita kiyA hai| yaha grantha a0bhA0di0 jaina, vidvatpariSada dvArA prakAzita kiyA gayA thaa| isakI anupalabdhatA ko dekhate hue evaM naI pIr3hI ko paramparAjanya prAmANika jAnakArI upalabdha karAne ke uddezya se, isa mahAgrantha ke cAroM bhAgoM ko punaprakAzita karAne kI yojanA, mere gayA ke varSAyoga ke samaya, rakhI gayI thii| mujhe prasannatA hai ki gayA tathA raphIgaMja jaina samAja evaM zAMtisAgara chANI granthamAlA ne isa gurukArya ko niSThApUrvaka sampanna kiyaa| pro0 zAstrI ke vizAla racanA saMsAra meM se kucha pratinidhi lekhoM ko bhI cayanita kara a0bhA0di0 jaina vidvatpariSada ne do khaNDoM meM uparokta varNita zIrSaka ke antargata prakAzita kiyA thaa| isa pustaka ke prathama khaNDa meM bhASA - vijJAna, sAhitya tathA jaina dharma-darzana se sambandhita ikatIsa zodha Alekha saMkalita kiye gaye haiM evaM dvitIya khaNDa meM jaina nyAya evaM tatva mImAMsA, jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA saMskRti evaM rAjanIti, bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAyeM tathA jyotiSa evaM gaNita se sambandhita saiMtIsa zodha lekhoM kA samavAya kiyA gayA hai| vilakSaNa pratibhA ke dhanI DA0 zAstrI kA sAhitya praNayana saMskRti, sAhitya bhASA darzana Adi ke kSetra meM zodha ke naye mArgo kA udghATana karatA hai evaM karatA hai zruta-ArAdhana/cintana/manana tathA maulika praNayana ke naye AyAmoM kI khoja bhii| eka samarpita vidvAna kI sarjanA kA yaha kAlajayI saMsAra jinavANI ke ArAdhakoM kI nayI pIr3hI ko preraNA de evaM zodha ke nita nae mArgo ko prazasta kara sampUrNa bhAratIya sAhitya saMsAra kI zrI vRddhi ke lie eka preraka prasaMga bana sake, aisI merI bhAvanA hai| isa zubha kArya ke liye mere maMgala AzIrvAda haiN| XV upAdhyAya jJAnasAgara

Page #25
prakAzakIya zramaNa saMskRti ko usakI samagratA meM jAnane samajhane aura jana-jana taka sampreSaNa ke yugAntara bodha ke prati apanI pratibaddhatA ko rekhAMkita karatI yaha saMsthA, prAcya zramaNa bhAratI, tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI dezanA ko gauravamaNDita karane ke mahAyajJa meM apane sampUrNa jIvana ko samidhA rUpa arpita karane vAle, isa deza ke sAhityaka evaM sAMskRtika itihAsa ke eka atyanta mahatvapUrNa hastAkSara sva. pro0 (DaoN.) nemicandra zAstrI ke katipaya mahatvapUrNa zodha AlekhoM ke prakAzana kI prastuti kara svayaM ko gauravAnvita mahasUsa kara rahI hai| prAcya zramaNa bhAratI ne vaicArika pariSkAra evaM zruta sAdhakoM se saMvAda ko apane cintana phalaka para prAthamikatA ke stara para pratiSThApita kiyA hai tAki Agama-granthoM meM nibaddha rahasyoM ko sAmAnya janoM taka bodhagamya bhASA aura zailI meM sampreSita kiyA jA sake evaM zodha-mImAMsA tathA samIkSA ke nUtana sandarbho ko rekhAMkita kiyA jA ske| zramaNa paramparA ke udAtta cintana kI UrjasvI dhArA kA tatvajJAnamayI pravAha yadi nirbAdha gati se saMcArita ho sakA hai to usakA sampUrNa zreya apane preraNA-stambha, Adarza tapasvI aura mahAna vicAraka, AcAraniSTha digambara sAdhaka paramapUjya upAdhyAya zrI 108 jJAnasAgara jI mahArAja ko jAtA hai jinake maulika cintana kA sAra jIvana kI AtyAtika gaharAiyoM, anubhUtiyoM evaM sAdhanA kI ananta U~cAiyoM kA saMsparza karatA hai tathA Agama-prAmANya se udbhUta ho mAnavIya cintana ke sahaja pariSkAra meM satat/sadaiva sannaddha ho rahA hai| vItarAga sAdhanA-patha ke isa nirAmaya, nirgrantha pathika kA ratnatrayoM ke utkarSa se vikasita huA krAntidRSTA jIvana, darzana, jJAna aura AcAra kI eka aisI triveNI hai jisameM avagAhana karane kI anubhUtiyA~ zabdAtIta haiN| gurudeva kA cintana phalaka deza, kAla, sampradAya, jAti, dharma-sabase dUra prANimAtra ko samAhita karatA hai, e yugabodha detA hai, naitika jIvana jIne ko abhiprerita karatA hai aura vaizvikatA ke udAtta cintana ko prazasta karatA hai| munirAja jahA~ Atma-zodhana ke nita-nae prayogoM meM sannaddha haiM vahIM jinavANI ke ArAdhakoM se sahaja-sArthaka saMvAda ko pratipala sazakta karane hetu bhI saMkalpita haiM aura tatvajJAna kI UrjasvI cintana-dhArA ko apanI karUNA, AtmIyatA aura saMvedanazIlatA kI triveNI se abhisiMcita kara bhagavAna mahAvIra kI satveSu maitrI kI avadhAraNA ko puSpita, pallavita aura saMvardhita karate hue akhila vizva ke jana-jana taka vistIrNa kara rahe haiN| unakI AdhyAtmika antaryAtrA nUtana arthoM aura pratimAnoM kA vinyAsa to racatI/gar3hatI hI hai, mAnavIya saMvedanAoM kI vyApaka Xvi

Page #26
vastuparaka samajha ko sAdhanA kI zailI meM antarlIna kara tAtvika pariSkAra ke nava-bimboM kI indradhanuSI chaTA ke saundarya ko AdhyAtmika kSitija para bhI bikhera rahI hai| pUjya gurudeva kI maMgala preraNA se prakAzita ho rahI prastuta kRti sva. pro. (DaoN.) nemicandra zAstrI ke bahumukhI pratibhAzAlI evaM bahuAyAmI vyaktitva kI sarjanAzIlatA se pAThakoM ko paricita karAtI hai| pro. (DaoN.) zAstrI kA cintana phalaka sAhitya, kalA, vyAkaraNa, darzana, jyotiSa Adi viSayoM ko apane prAmANika rUpa meM saMjotA hai| ina kSetroM meM unhoMne maulika granthoM kA sRjana kiyA hai, bhAratIya jyotiSa, tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA, AdipurANa meM pratipAdita bhArata, saMskRta gItikAvyAnucintanam, mahAkavi bhAsa, saMskRta kAvyoM ke vikAsa meM jaina kaviyoM kA yogadAna, maMgalamantra NamokAraH eka anucintana, AcArya hemacandra aura unakA zabdAnuzAsana, bhadrabAhu saMhitA, hindI jaina sAhitya parizIlana, kevalajJAna prazna cUr3AmaNi Adi unakI aisI racanAe~ haiM jo bhAratIya sAhityAkAza meM kAlajayI haiN| sva0 (pro0) (DaoN.) zAstrI ne apanI prakhara-prAMjala tejasvinI lekhanI ke mAdhyama se bhArata kI samasta ujjvalatAoM kA abhimanthana kara apanI sarjanA se sampUrNa bauddhika vizva ko eka nayA vizvAsa, nayI AzA, abhinava AsthA aura cirasmaraNIya preraNA dI hai| zramaNa saMskRti kI usa paramojjvalA dhArA ke isa anukaraNIya sAdhaka kI, jise kAla ne hamase mAtra cauvana varSoM ke anantara hI chIna liyA, apratima gaurava-gAthA ko hamArI saMsthA Adara pUrvaka praNAma karatI hai aura unakA apanI sampUrNa niSThA, AtmIyatA, zobhA-zAlInatA ke sAtha sammAna karate hue pramudita hai| sAtha hI pUjya gurudeva ke prati yaha saMsthA punaH-punaH Adara vyakta karatI hai ki unhoMne isa tatvadarzI cintaka, vAgmI, zruta-ArAdhaka ke kAlajayI zodhAlekhoM ke prakAzana kI maMgala preraNA dI evaM isa hetu hameM apane maMgala AzISa se abhisiMcita bhI kiyaa| sudhI pAThakoM ke hAthoM meM yaha kRti samarpita hai| pUjya upAdhyAya zrI kA maMgala mArgadarzana hamArI saMsthA ko prApta hotA rahe evaM jana-cetanA ke sarjanAtmaka pariSkAra evaM usake mAnasika saundarya ke vikAsa hetu hamAre prayAsoM ko satat mArga milatA rahe, yahI hamAre citta ke maMgala bhAva haiN| prAcya zramaNa bhAratI mujaphpharanagara xvii

Page #27
zrI digambara jaina mandira kRSNA nagara dillI kA itihAsa - eka najara meM zrI mandira jI kA zilAnyAsa 28 janavarI 1972 tathA 10 sitambara 1972 ko eka asthAI kamarA banA kara do pratimAyeM zrI mahAvIra bhagavAna evaM pArzvanAtha bhagavAna kI sva0 zrI mitrasaina jI ke sahayoga se barphakhAnA sabjImaMDI ke mandira jI se lAkara asthAI virAjamAna kI gii| usa samaya ke saMsthApaka sadasya sarvazrI dharmavIra jaina, pUraNa candra jaina, ajita prasAda jaina, madana lAla jaina, candra prakAza jaina, salekha candra jaina, premacandra jaina, mahIpAla siMha jaina, sanata kumAra jaina, subhASa candra jaina, pradhumana kumAra jaina, vIrendra kumAra jaina, azoka kumAra jaina, Ara0 ke0 jaina, evam rAjendra prasAda jaina the| inake Arthika sahayoga se tathA karmaThatA se caityAlaya kI sthApanA ho pAyI / 28 pharavarI 1974 ko caityAlaya meM zrI siddhacakra vidhAna kA pATha Ayojita kiyA gayA jisakA samApana eka camatkArika DhaMga se sampanna huaa| pratyakSadarzI isake sAkSI haiN| isake pazcAt bhI anekoM camatkAra isa kSetra meM dekhe gye| 12 maI 1974 ko nIce ke hAla kA zilAnyAsa kiyA gayA tathA zikhara baMda zrI mandira jI kA nirmANa anekoM kAryakartAoM tathA anekoM baMdhuoM ke Arthika sahayoga se sampanna huaa| 14 pharavarI se 19 pharavarI 1980 ko vedI pratiSThA ke mAdhyama se zrI mahAvIra bhagavAna kI atizayamayI pratimA mUla nAyaka ke rUpa meM pratiSThita ho gyii| pahalI maMjila para sthAI vedI meM bhagavAna virAjamAna hone para darzanArthIyoM kA tAMtA laga gyaa| pahalI maMjila ke hAla meM kAMca kA kAma bhI karA diyA gayA jisase vaha kAMca kA mandira kahalAne lgaa| samAja ke bujurgoM ko dhyAna meM rakhate huye nIce ke inameM choTI vedI kA nirmANa karA diyA gayA tathA paMca kalyANaka mArca 1995 meM upAdhyAya zrI guptisAgara jI mahArAja ke sAnnidhya meM karAyA gayA jise pa0 gulAba candra 'puSpa' ke dvArA vi vidhAna se sampanna kraayaa| isI bIca zrI mandira jI ke barAbara meM eka atithi bhavana kA nirmANa bhI ho cukA thA / yaha bhavana bahuta choTA thA isa kAraNa se barAbara meM samAja ne aura jagaha lekara tIna maMjila kA atithi bhavana jisameM 10-10 kamare suvyavasthita DhaMga se xviii

Page #28
banAye gye| jisake banAne meM samAja ke pradhAna tathA karmaTha kAryakartA zrI mahendra kumAra jI kA vizeSa yogadAna rhaa| maiM saMsthApaka sadasya se lekara Aja taka zrI mandira jI kI sabhI gatividhiyoM meM sakriya rUpa se jur3A rhaa| isa prakAra se yamunApAra meM kRSNA nagara digambara jaina maMdira kA eka vizeSa sthAna hai| zrI mandira jI ke camatkAra kA hI prabhAva thA ki zrI mandira jI kI do pratimAyeM kRSNA nagara mandira se corI ho gayI thI jo camatkArika DhaMga se barAmada ho gaI yahA~ para karIba pacAsa-sATha pujArI pratidina pUjA karate haiM tathA anekoM vidhAna samaya-samaya para kiye jAte haiN| bhavadIya candraprakAza jaina mahAmantrI jaina samAja kRSNA nagara noTa : parama pUjya upAdhyAya zrI 108 jJAna sAgara mahArAja kI preraNA se kRSNA nagara jaina samAja kI ora se yaha zAstra chapavA kara bheMTa kiyaa| xix

Page #29
vartamAna kRSNA nagara jaina samAja kAryakAriNI - pradhAna laM +o upapradhAna upapradhAna maMtrI upamaMtrI koSAdhyakSa prabaMdhaka sadasya sadasya sadasya zrI mahendra kumAra jaina zrI vinaya kumAra jaina zrI narendra kumAra jaina 4. zrI candra prakAza jaina 5. zrI je.ke. jaina 6. zrI anila kumAra jaina 7. zrI arahaMta kumAra jaina 8. zrI subhASa candra jaina / 9. zrI kizora jaina 10. zrI maheza candra jaina zrI sureza candra jaina (sAr3I vAle) 12. zrI rAjeza kumAra jaina zrI madana saina (A. nagara) 14. zrI madana saina (rAdhe purI) zrI azoka kumAra jaina 16. zrI vIra saina jaina ___ zrI rameza candra jaina 18. zrI pravINa kumAra jaina 19. zrI rAkeza kumAra jaina 20. zrI sunIla kumAra jaina 21. zrI zIla candra jaina sadasya sadasya sadasya sadasya sadasya sadasya sadasya sadasya sadasya sadasya sadasya xx

Page #30
antardhvani sva0 DaoN0 zrI nemicandrajI zAstrI caturmukhI pratibhAke dhanI the / saMskRta, prAkRta, hindI, baMgrejI Adi vividha bhASAoMpara ApakA adhikAra thaa| abhIkSNa jJAnopayogI honeke kAraNa Apa pratyeka viSayake talasparzI vidvAn the / lekhana aura vaktRtva kalAke pAragAmI the| sAhitya sRjanakA Apako vyasana thA / avakAzakA durupayoga Apane kabhI nahIM kiyaa| sAhitya sRjana aura sahayogiyoMko Age bar3hAnA Apake jIvanakA lakSya thaa| ___ 'guru gopAladAsa baraiyA smRtigrantha' aura 'tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya paramparA' jaise vizAla grantha taiyArakara Apane prakAzanArtha akhila bhAratavarSIya di0 jaina vidvatpariSadko diye| vidvatpariSadke prati unakI AtmIyatA thii| yahI kAraNa hai ki ve usake gauravako bar3hAne ke liye satat prayatnazIla rhe| vidvatpariSadne unako smRti meM 'DaoN0 nemicandra zAstrI smAraka nidhi' kI sthApanAkara usameM 25001) kI rAzi samarpita kI / usI smAraka nidhikI orase san 1982 meM 'bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna, kA prathama bhAga prakAzita kiyA thA / aura usake bAda usIkA dUsarA bhAga prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai / ina khojapUrNa nibandhoMkA saMkalana pratyeka thoSArthI chAtrake liye mArgadarzaka hogA, yaha merA vizvAsa hai / ina donoM bhAgoMke prakAzanameM maMhagAIke kAraNa vidvatpariSadko Arthika saMkaTakA anubhava karanA par3a rahA hai / yadi samAjake udAramanA dAnI mahAnubhAva, sva. DaoNkTara nemicandrajI zAstrI kI isa mahanIya kRtiko dezake vizvavidyAlayoM aura lAyaberiyoMko bheMTa svarUpa bhijavAnekI anukampA kareM tathA vidvatpariSadke kriyAzIla 700 se bhI adhika sadasya apane-apane zikSA kendroM meM eka-eka prati bulAnekA kaSTa kareM to yaha Arthika saMkaTa saralatAse dUra ho sakatA hai aura pratyAvRtta artharAzise anya grantha prakAzita ho sakate haiM / divaMgata DaoN. nemicandrajI zAstrIkI zrutArAdhanAke prati zraddhAbhAva prakaTa karatA huA thAkAMkSA karatA hU~ ki unakI yaha racanA bhI sarvatra rucipUrvaka par3hI jaavegii| vinIta sAgara pannAlAla sAhityAcArya / 6 / 1983 adhyakSa. a. bhAratavarSIya di. jaina vidvatpariSad

Page #31
prakAzakIya vaktavya bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvatpariSadne gata mArca 1982 meM, apane bhUtapUrva adhyakSa, sva0 DaoN0 nemicandrajI zAstrI, jyotiSAcArya, ema0 e0, DI0 liT0 ke aprakAzita tathA vibhinna patra-patrikAoMmeM yatra tatra bikhare zodha nibandhoMko 'bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina-vAGmayakA avadAnakA prathama khaNDa granthake rUpameM prakAzita kiyA gayA thaa| aba usake dvitIya khaNDako prastuta grantha ke rUpameM prakAzita kara pariSad gauravakA anubhava kara rahI hai / isa grantha ke prakAzanakI yojanA 26-5-79 ko madanagaMja kizanagar3ha ( rAjasthAna) meM sampanna vidvatpariSadko kAryasamitikI baiThaka meM svIkRta kI gayI thI / vahA~ eka prastAva dvArA sva0 DaoN0 nemicandrajI zAstro dvArA likhita 'tIrthaGkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA' ke cAroM bhAgoMse prApta dhanarAzi meM se 25001) ru0 ke dvArA 'DaoN0 nemicandra zAstrI smArakanighi' kI sthApanAkI gaI, tathA anya prastAva dvArA sva0 zAstrIjIke adyAvadhi aprakAzita zoSa-nibandhoMke prakAzanakA nizcaya kiyA gyaa| tatpazcAt DaoN0 rAjArAmajI ArA tathA DaoN0 devendrakumArajI zAstrI, nImaca, granthake sampAdaka niyukta kie ge| prastuta grantha isI yojanA kA sundara, sukhada evaM saphala pariNAma hai / kalakattA meM 'vIra zAsana jayantI mahotsava' ke avasara para 2 -11-44 ko "akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvatpariSad" kI sthApanA huI thI / isakA uddezya, jaina zAsanakA saMrakSaNa, pracAra evaM vidvAnoMkA sAmayika sahayoga tathA unnati karanA thA / pariSadne 1947 ke sonagar3ha adhivezana meM jaina sAhityake nirmANa aura prakAzanakA bhI nirNaya liyA gayA / taba se Aja taka vidvatpariSad, eka ora, vidvajjanoMke sarvAGgINa vikAsa aura sAhitya puraskAra Adi dvArA unake prati sammAna evaM sahayoga jAgRta karanekA prayatna karatI rahI aura dUsarI ora, svayaM sAhityake prakAzana dvArA vidvAnoMke manobala evaM jaina sAhitya ke abhyutthAnakA kArya kara rahI hai / jitanA bhI sAhityake dvArA prakAzita kiyA gayA usakA na kevala jaina samAja meM apitu deza-videzake samagra prabuddhavarga meM acchA sammAna huA / pariSadkA prathama prakAzana thA - 'AcArya jugalakizora mukhtAra - vyaktitva aura kRtitva aura isake lekhaka the DaoN0 nemicandra jI zAstrI / tatpazcAt 'zruta saptAha navanIta' kA prakAzana huA, jisake sampAdaka DaoN0 pannAlAla jI sAhityAcArya the / tadanantara pariSad dvArA, nyAyavAcaspati, guruNAM guruH paM0 zrI gopAla dAsa jI baraiyAke janma zatAbdI samAroha ke avasarapara 1967 meM 'guru gopAladAsa baraiyA smRti grantha' kA prakAzana kiyA gyaa| isameM pUjya gurujI ke vizAla vyaktitva saMbaMdhI saMsmaraNa Adike sAtha hI jainadharma, darzana, sAhitya, itihAsa, purAtattva aura saMskRti se sambaddha aneka mahattvapUrNa zoSa nibandha prakAzita kie ge| yaha grantha bhArata ke samasta vizvavidyAlayoMko niHzulka bheMTa kiyA gayA thaa| isake sundara sampAdana meM anya vidvAnoMke sAtha sva0 DaoN0 nemicandra jI zAstrIkA pramukha hAtha thA /

Page #32
isake pazcAt pariSadke zivapurIke 'rajata jayantI adhivezana' ke avasarapara 'rajata jayantI patrikA-1973' kA prakAzana huaa| isameM 1973 takake pariSadke adhivezanoM, prastAvoM, puraskAroM tathA kAryoMkA savistAra sacitra varNana hai| vidvatpariSadke itihAsakI dRSTise yaha mahattvapUrNa, atisundara evaM saMgrahaNIya prakAzana hai / tatpazcAt 1974 meM, vidvatpariSadke prANa, santapravara, kSullaka zrI gaNezaprasAda jI vargIke janma zatAbdI samArohake avasarapara 'zrI gaNeza prasAda varNI smRti grantha' prakAzita kiyA gayA / yaha grantha varNI jI ke jIvana aura avadAnakI dRSTise atizaya mahattvapUrNa hai| bhagavAn mahAvIrake 2500veM nirvANa-mahotsavake avasarapara pariSadne jo apanI sAhitya-zraddhAJjali samarpitakI vaha samagra bhAratIya-sAhityake kSetrameM sadaiva smaraNIya rahegI; aura vaha hai 'tIrthaGkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA' kA cAra khaNDoMmeM prakAzana / lagabhaga 2000 pRSThoMke isa vizAlakAya granthameM jainadharma aura darzanake vikAsa aura mahanIya yogadAnake DhAI hajAra varSoMkA itihAsa sarakSita hai| isa granthake lekhaka svanAmadhanya sva0 DaoN nemicandra zAstrI jI haiM / isa granthake lekhanameM zAstrI jI ne pAMca varSa taka na kevala akayanIya parizrama kiyA, kintu saca bAta to yaha hai ki unhoMne apaneko isa yajJameM homa diyaa| phalataH navambara 1974 meM isa grantha ke prakAzana lagabhagake daza mAha pUrva, ve apanI cirayAtrApara prayANa kara gae / DaoN. nemicandra jI zAstrI vilakSaNa pratibhAke dhanI the| unheM sAhitya-praNayanakA vyasana thA / apane zarIra aura svAsthyake prati nirmama hokara ve satat sAhitya-sAdhanAmeM saMlagna rahe / vidvatpariSadkI samasta gatividhiyoMmeM DaoN0 zAstrIkA nirantara sahayoga prApta hotA rahA / ve isakI pragatike lie sadaiva kArya karate rahe / yahI kAraNa hai ki vidvatpariSadne usake prati apanI kRtajJatA prakAzita karaneke nimitta, usake samasta aprakAzita sAhityako prakAzita karane kA nirNaya liyaa| ma. nemicandra jI dvArA likhita tathA adyAvadhi aprakAzita sAhitya vipula mAtrAmeM hai| isalie use pRthak-pRthak do khaNDoMmeM prakAzita karanekA nirNaya kiyA gayA / pUrva prakAzita isa granthake prathama khaNDameM tIna bhAga haiM-bhASAvijJAna, sAhitya evaM jainadharma-darzana / bhASAvijJAnake antargata saMskRta, prAkRta evaM bhojapurI bhASAoMkA bhASA vaijJAnika evaM sAMskRtika adhyayana hai / usameM jo sAta nibandha hai ve isa prakAra hai : 1. prAkRta bhASAkA sAMskRtika-adhyayana, 2. bhojapurI bhASAmeM prAkRta-tattva, 3. azokakAlIna bhASAoMkA bhASA zAstrIya sarvekSaNa, 4. dezInAmamAlAH bhASAzAstrIya va sAMskRtika-adhyayana, 5. sakkaya-ajjhayaNatyaM pAiya-ajjhayaNassAvasigadA uvajogidA ya, 6. saMskRtake sarvAGgINa adhyayamahetu prAkRtake adhyayanakI upayogitA, 7. varSa-vikAsakI prakriyA kucha zabda /

Page #33
[ 4 ] sAhityake antargata, saMskRta, prAkRta evaM hiMdIkI sAhityika vidhAoMkA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana hai| usameM jo satraha nibandha hai ve isa prakAra haiM : 1. hindI jainakAvyoMmeM prakRti-citraNa 2. hindI jaina sAhityameM alaMkAra-yojanA 3. hindI jaina sAhityako zAhAbAdakA avadAna, 4. hindI jaina sAhitya, 5. prAkRta-kAvyakA udbhava evaM vikAsa, 6. prAkRta-kathA sAhitya aura usakI vizeSatAe~, 7. jaina-kozasAhitya, 8. jaina-vyAkaraNa sAhitya, 9. kavIzvara mAnatuGga, 10. jaina-saMskRta kAvya samIkSAtmaka adhyayana, 11. saMskRta sAhityake sAMketika zabda, 12. saMskRta koza-sAhityako AcArya hemacandrakI apUrva dena, 13. saMskRtake aitihAsika nATakoMkA anuzIlana, 14. bhaTTAraka yugIna jaina saMskRta sAhityako pravRttiyAM, 15. mahAkavi kAlidAsaH Adhunika parivezameM, 16. kAlidAsasya rASTriya bhAvanA, 17. meghadUtasya samasyApUAtmakaM pArvAbhyudayakAvyam / jaina-dharma-darzanake antargata jo sAta nibandha haiM ve isa prakAra hai : 1. puSpakarma tathA deva pUjA vikAsa aura vidhi, 2. jainadarzanakI maulika avadhAraNAe~, 3. ahiMsA aura pAMca jainAcArya, 4. pramukha digambara jainacAryokA vivaraNa, 5. vidvatpariSadkA dAyitva evaM jaina siddhAnta, 6. digambara jaina saMskRta-pUjAeMH eka anuciMtana, 7. bhagavadI-ArAhaNAe vasadhi-viyAro, prastuta graMthake prathama khaNDakA sudhIjanoMne acchA svAgata kiyaa| isake prakAzamapara harSa vyakta karate hue sAgara vizvavidyAlayake tatkAlIna kulapati DaoN0 praphulla kumAra modIne likhA thA "DaoN. nemicandra zAstrIkI isa kRtikA avalokana kara prasannatA huii| prAkRta, saMskRta, hindI evaM bhojapurI bhASAoMke bhASAvaijJAnika, sAMskRtika evaM sAhityika vivecanake sAtha jainadharma evaM darzanake vividha tattvoMpara sapramANa prakAza DAlA gayA hai| yaha kRti niHsaMdeha bhAratIya saMskRti, sAhitya, bhASA evaM darzanake kSetrameM zodhake nae mArgokA udghATana kregii|" isI prakAra sAgara vizvavidyalayake prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRti evaM purAtattva vibhAgake

Page #34
[5] bhUtapUrva adhyakSa, pro0 kRSNadatta bAjapeyIne isa granthake prathama khaNDako samAlocanA karate hue likhA thA .. Dr. N. C. Shastri was a versatile writer, whose untimely demise has taken away a devoted scholar of great promise. His writings are marked by an authentic treatment of the Vast Prakrit and sanskrit literature and the Jain philosophy. 66 With adequate documentation in the papers under review, Dr. Shastri has furnished eloqueut testimony to the significance of the prakrit studies for a correct appraisal of Indian culture. This sumptuous volume will undoubtedly serve as reference book to the learned scholars and the postgraduate students of Indian culture." prastuta granthake isa dvitIya khaNDako cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai -- jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA, 2 - jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti, 3 - bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAe~ 4 - jyotiSa evaM gaNita / ina cAroMmeM chattIsa mahattvapUrNa nibandha haiM / DaoN0 rAjArAmajI jaina, ArA, tathA DaoN0 devendrakumArajI zAstrI nImacane DaoN0 zAstrIke yatra yatra bikhare mahanIya nibandhoMke saMgraha aura sampAdanameM paryApta parizrama kiyA hai / unhIMke satat prayatnoMke pariNAma svarUpa DaoN0 zAstrIke nibandha prastuta granthakA AkAra grahaNa kara sake / nibandhoMke saMkalanameM sva0 DaoN0 zAstrIke suputra ci0 nalina zAstrIkA prayatna bhI zlAghanIya rahA hai / ata: yaha trayI dhanyavAdake pAtra hai / vidvatpariSadke bhUtapUrva adhyakSa, DaoN0 darabArIlAlajI koThiyA, vArANasI, ne isa granthake prakAzana meM bhI mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyaa| unakI satat preraNA evaM mArgadarzana ke phalasvarUpa prastuta granthakA prakAzana saMbhava huA, ataH maiM unakA atyanta AbhArI hU~ / vidvatpariSadke saMrakSaka, AdaraNIya guruvarya paM0 kailAzacandrajI siddhAntazAstrI, vArANasI, ne apane atyanta vyasta samayameM se kucha kSaNa nikAlakara isa granthake prathama khaNDameM prAkkathana likhanekI kRpAkI tadartha maiM unake prati apanA kRtajJa bhAva abhivyakta karatA hUM / vidvatpariSadke prakAzanamaMtrI, DaoN0 phUlacandra jaina premI, adhyakSa, jaina darzana vibhAga, sampUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI, kA isa granthake prakAzanameM mahanIya yogadAna hai / unhoMne pUre granthake antima prUpha to dekhe hI haiM, sAtha hI ve granthake zIghra prakAzana evaM mudraNa ke lie nirantara prayatnazIla bhI rahe, ataH ve hamAre atizaya sAdhuvAdake pAtra haiM / vidvatpariSad ke adhyakSa tathA bhUtapUrva mantrI evaM mere guruvara, DaoN0 pannAlAlajI sAhityAcAryakA maiM kina zabdoMmeM AbhAra vyakta karUM / unhIMke satat adhyavasAyase pariSadkI samasta gatividhiyA~ sucAru rUpase saMcAlita ho rahI haiM / prastuta granthake prakAzana meM 'atha se iti' taka unakA bhagIratha prayatna rahA hai / unake isa samarpaNa bhAvake prati, maiM zraddhAse vinata

Page #35
huuN| mere Agrahapara unhoMne granthake prArambhameM 'atadhvani' ke rUpameM apanA laghuvaktavya likha denekA jo kaSTa kiyA hai, tadartha maiM unakA vizeSa AbhArI huuN| mitrapravara, mahAmanISI, sva0 DaoN0 nemicandrajI zAstrIke prati kRtajJatA vyakta karaneke lie mere pAsa zabda nahIM hai / unakA samagra jIvana vidvAnoMke lie Adarza hai / unakA chAtra prema evaM sAhityika zrama, naI pIDhoke anveSakoMke lie anukaraNIya haiM / vidvatpariSad unake zodha-khojako prakAzita kara apaneko dhanya mAnatI hai / ____aMtameM, mahAvIra presake mAlika, mitravara, zrI bAbUlAlajI phAgullako maiM dhanyavAda detA hai jinakI mudraNa saMbaMdhI vizeSa pratibhAke kAraNa prastuta granthakA prakAzana atyanta sundara evaM nitAnta nayanahArI bana sakA / ujjaina (mahAmahopAdhyAya) di0 25-5-1983 DaoN. harIndra bhUSaNa jaina maMtrI-bhAratavarSIya di0 jaina vidvatpariSad, nidezaka-anekAnta zodhapITha, po0 bAhubalI jilA-kolhApura, (mahArASTra), 416-110

Page #36
do zabda bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina dharmako virATa sAMskRtika, sAhityika aura dArzanika upalabdhiyoMkA apanA vizeSa mahattva hai| isa bahumUlya virAsatako prakAzameM lAkara kramazaH unakA mUlyAMkana aura prastuti eka itihAsaparaka AvazyakatA hai / isake lie anivArya hai apane jJAnake pratIkoMke yugAnukUla sahaja evaM vyAvahArika prastutimeM sakSama utkrAnta pratibhAoM kI / sva0 DaoN0 nemicandra zAstrI aisI hI pratibhAoM se eka the| samaya-samayapara inake dvArA likhita (prakAzita evaM aprakAzita) nibandhoMkA saMkalana rUpa yaha grantha pichale adhyayana kramakA dvitIya khaNDa hai / isake donoM khaNDoMmeM saMgrahIta nibandhoMkA vaiziSTaya lekhakakI sampUrNa sAhityasAdhanAkA vaha prastAra hai jisakI dizAbodhake saMketa ina nibandhoM meM milate haiM / jaina dharma, darzana, nyAya, siddhAnta, bhASA, sAhitya, itihAsa, gaNita, jyotiSa tathA aura bhI anyAnya vividha viSayoMke ekatra-nyAyakI ina nibandhoMmeM jo ceSTA hai vaha kevala sAhityakI hI vastu nahIM, apitu ye nibandha anekadhA ArAdhya/mananIya aura preraNAke srota haiN| donoM khaNDoMko samagra rUpameM dekheM to ye nibandha jaina dharma, darzana, saMskRti aura usake vizAla vAGmayakI pramukha pravRttiyoMkI kathA kaha dete haiN| prAcIna bahumUlya vidyAoMke prati hamArA AkarSaNa aura moha eka naisargika sammohana hai / kyoMki unameM ve tattva nihita haiM jo hamAre AdhyAtmika, sAmAjika, dArzanika evaM sAMskRtika jIvanako sampUrNatA pradAna karate haiN| sva0 zAstrIjIko isa dizA meM sampUrNa bhAratIya vidyAoMke adhyayana, manana aura lekhanameM nirantara lage rahanekA apanA vyavasana thaa| aura yahI kAraNa hai ki unake dvArA pratipAdita viSaya evaM tulanAtmaka adhyayanameM kahIM saMkoca dikhAI nahIM detaa| unhoMne apane jIvana-kAlameM prAkRta-saMskRta aura jaina vidyAoMkI vividha vidhAoMke vyApaka vikAsa aura prasArameM jo satat tatparatA aura adhyavasAya kiyA, nizcaya hI vaha svarNAkSaroMmeM likhe jAne yogya hai / unake satat udyamazIla evaM karmaTha jIvanako smRti Aja bhI naI cetanA jAgrata karatI hai| prastuta granthake donoM khaNDoMmeM saMkalita nibandhoMkA sAMgopAGga aura sarvAGgINa adhyayana vartamAna tathA AnevAlI pIr3hiyoMke lie nizcaya hI preraNA-srota siddha hogA, sAtha hI apanI vizeSatAoMke kAraNa yaha grantha sAhitya jagatmeM apanI alaga aura viziSTa pahacAna banAegA, aisI AzA hai| vidvatpariSadke sammAnanIya adhyakSa, maMtrI, saMrakSaka, sampAdakadvaya tathA anya sabhI preraka isalie vizeSa abhinandanIya hai ki inhoMne sva0 zAstrIjIke yatra-tatra bikhare gae nibandhoMko prakAzita karanemeM vizeSa abhiruciko sAkAra kiyA, anyathA ye bahumUlya nibandha na mAlUma kisa andhakArameM kho jAte / sampAdakIya vaktavyameM isa granthake donoM khaNDoMmeM saMkalita nibandhoMkA jo mUlyAMmana kiyA gayA hai vaha bhI apane ApameM kAphI mahattvapUrNa hai / vyavasthita prakAzana, antima prUpha saMzodhana tathA mudraNake samaya mujhe isa granthake donoM khaNDoMkA acchI taraha adhyayana karanekA avasara milA, ise maiM apanA saubhAgya mAnatA huuN|

Page #37
[C] zramakA isase bar3hakara mere lie aura koI mUlya nahIM ho sakatA / jitanA mahattvapUrNa yaha grantha hai usIke anusAra isakA vyApaka pracAra-prasAra aura ucita sammAna hama sabhIkA gurutara dAyitva hai, tAki vidvatpariSad gauravapUrNa prakAzanoMkI zrRMkhalAmeM Age bhI isI prakArake aneka mahattvapUrNa granthoMkA binA kisI Arthika kaThinAIke prakAzana karatI rahe / mAnyavara bAbUlAla jI phAgulla, mahAvIra presakA vizeSa AbhArI isalie hU~ ki mudraNake samaya mere dvArA sujhAye gaye saMzodhanoMko udAratApUrvaka svIkAra kiyaa| paM0 mahAdeva jI caturvedIko unake acche sahayoga ke lie bhI vidvatpariSadkI orase kRtajJatA jJApita karatA hU~ / adhyakSa jainadarzana vibhAga sampUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI, zrAvaNa kRSNA 1, vIrazAsana jayantI dinAMka 25-7-1983 DaoN0 phUlacanda jaina premI prakAzana maMtrI akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvatpariSad

Page #38
sampAdakIya jisa prakAra bhAratIya saMskRtimeM dharma, darzana tathA sabhyatA Adi mAnava-vikAsake sabhI upAdAna-tattva nihita haiM, usI prakAra jaina-saMskRtimeM mAnava-vikAsake sabhI sopAnoMse lekara jaina-tIrtha, kalA, saMgIta, nATya Adi sabhI prakArako pravRtiyAM samAhita haiN| loka-vyavahArameM Ane vAlI janopayogI sAmAnya lalitakalAse lekara sabhI prakArakI laukika va lokottarakalAoMkA vivecana jaina-vADmayameM upalabdha hotA hai| jaina-vADmayake anuzIlanase hI hameM bahattara kalAoMke spaSTa nAma evaM unake sambandhameM rocaka jAnakArI milatI hai / dharmakI kisa rIti-nItise manuSya svabhAvasiddha sAmyabhAvamUlaka saMskRtiyoMko upalabdha kara sakatA hai, yaha bhalIbhAMti darzAnA hI jaina-saMskRtikA pramukha prayojana hai| isakI chApa saMskRtike sabhI aMgoM para spaSTatayA parilakSita hotI hai| saMskRtike unmeSa-kAlase hI usake do pramukha pakSa rahe hai-tattvadarzana (yA vicAramUlaka pakSa) aura tIrtha-darzana (athavA AcAramUlaka yA pravRttimUlaka pkss)| yaha satya hai ki jaina-saMskRti va dharma nivRttimUlaka hai, kintu, yaha bhI satya hai ki isakI nivRttimeM pravatti aura pravRtimeM bhI nivRttikA uddezya nihita hai / jaina-saMskRti jahAM bhogoMse virata karAtI hai, vahIM AtmopamyamUlaka pravRttimeM pravRtta bhI karAtI hai / sampUrNa pravRtiyoMkA eka mAtra kendra AtmA hai / vidyutIya dhArAkI bhAMti darzana, jJAna evaM cAritrakI sampUrNa pravRttiyoMkA adhiSThAna vaha svayaM hI hai| mAnavako sampUrNa AcAra-vicArakI pravRttiyA~ isI Atma-jyotise anusyUta haiM / jisa prakAra 'svica-Ana' karate hI vidyutpravAha saMcarita ho uThatA hai, usI prakAra AtmadharmA (TrAMsaphArmara) se prakAzakI razmiyA~ jJAna, darzana aura cAritra AdikI zAkhAoMmeM vividha nAmarUpoMmeM upayogakA jur3Ana hote hI abhivyakta hotI rahatI hai / abhivyaktike maNoMmeM hI ve hamAre anubhavameM pratIyamAna hote haiN| jisa prakAra saMskRtikA AdhAra mAnava-AtmA hai, usI prakAra pratItikA AdhAra svayaM AtmAnubhava hai| pUrva-prakAzita "bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsa meM jainavADmayakA avadAna" ke prathama khaNDameM ukta prathama pakSa (jaina-darzana va tattvajJAna) sambandhI nibandhoMkA saMkalana prakAzita kiyA jA cukA hai| prastuta dvitIya-khaNDameM jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti, bhakti, saMgIta, lalitakalA jyotiSa evaM gaNita Adise sambandhita prAmANika nibandhoMkA saMkalana prastuta hai / ina nibandhoMke ASAroMpara hama jaina saMskRtiko svatantratA aura usakI vizeSatAoMke vizeSa rUpase ujAgara kara sakate haiM / yadyapi ye sabhI nibandha apane-apane viSayoMkI sarvAMgINa sAmagrI tathA vidhAoMse samanvita nahIM, phira bhI anachue pahaluoM aura sandarbha sAmagrIse bharapUra honeke kAraNa inakI mahattA vizeSa rUpase prakAzita huI hai| udAharaNArtha "vihArake jainatIrtha" ke sambandhame prathama bAra prAmANita rUpase vistRta sAmagrI prakAzita ho rahI hai / sammedAcalako sammedazikhara kyoM kahate hai ? samaNazikhara, maMgala-zikharakI bhAMti ise samyaktvazikhara bhI kahA jA sakatA hai /

Page #39
[10] samyaktvako prAkRtameM "sammata" kahate haiM / dharmameM AsthAvAn samyagdRSTi hI isa zikharakI U~cAIko mApa sakatA hai| ataH usakA 'sammeta zikhara' nAma sArthaka hI hai / isI prakAra pAvApurIke sambandhameM lekhaka dvArA svAnucintana prakaTa kiyA gayA hai| prAcIna bhArata meM pAvA nAmakI eka nahIM, balki tIna nagarI prasiddha thIM, kintu jainAgamoM meM ullikhita magadha janapadakI pAvAnagarI hI samIcIna pratIta hotI hai / jainAgamoM meM varNita paMca pahAr3iyoMkA varNana bhI vidvAn lekhakane bhalI bhA~ti kiyA hai / inake atirikta bhI bihArake anya kucha pramukha jainaatter varNana prastuta nibandha meM samAhita hai, jo niHsandeha hI eka svatantra pustakakA viSaya bana sakatA hai / DaoN0 zAstrIke sabhI nibandha zodhapUrNa haiM / unhoMne unameM zAstrIya, aitihAsika, purAtAttvika evaM vaijJAnika sabhI viSayoMkA mUla bhAvAnugAmI adhyayana prastuta kiyA hai / ve bhAratIya jyotiSa evaM jainagaNitake bhI adhikArI vidvAn the / ataH unhoMne jainAgamoM ke nAmollekha- pUrvaka Rtu, ayana, dinamAna, dinavRddhi, dinahAsa, nakSatramAna, nakSatroMkI vividha saMjJAoM tathA grahoMke vimAnoMke svarUpa aura vistAra tathA grahoMkI AkRtiyoM Adiko vistAra pUrvaka carcA kI hai / jyotiSa evaM gaNita viSayaka prAyaH sabhI vidhAoM para unhoMne saMkSepameM sundara prakAza maNDala, hai | zodha anusandhitsu unake ina nibandhoMse zodhakI dizAoMkA saMketa bhalIbhAMti prApta kara sakate haiM / itanA hI nahIM, aitihAsika dRSTise jyotiSa evaM gaNita viSayoM para racanA karane vAle vidvAnoM aura unakI kRtiyoMkA bhI lekhakane yathAyogya pramANa rUpameM vivecana kiyA hai / yadyapi yaha vivecana saMkSipta hai, phira bhI ye nibandha prAcInatA va navInatA ke tulanAtmaka rUpako lekara calane ke kAraNa gaveSakoM evaM jijJAsu pAThakoMkI dRSTise atyanta mahattvapUrNa haiM / aMkagaNita, bIjagaNita, rekhAgaNita, trikoNamitigaNita Adike siddhAntoMkA kahIM-kahIM tulanAtmaka rUpase aura kahIM-kahIM vaidika-cintakoMse bhinnatAkA yathAsthAna ullekha kiyA gayA hai / jainAcAryoMne mUlataH sabhI viSayoMkA pratipAdana kiyA hai| unameM kyA-kyA bhinnatA evaM vizeSatAe~ haiM, yahI batAnekA mukhya prayojana rahA hai / etadviSayaka gambhIra adhyayana karanevAle zodhakagaNa bhI niSpakSatAse vastu sthitiko tathA prAmANikatAko jAnaneke lie ina nibandhoMkA vizeSa rUpase adhyayana va upayoga kara sakate haiM / sAmAnya pAThakoM kI dRSTise " aMgavidyA " nAmaka nibandha sarvAdhika rocaka evaM lokopayogI bana par3A hai / itihAsa - khaNDa ke antargata " jaina itihAsakI prAcIra para kucha bhUle-bisare prasaMga" nAmaka nibandha bhI atyanta mahatvapUrNa evaM mArmika hai | gvAliyarake nikaTavartI prakSetroMmeM jainoMkA jo purAtAtvika vaibhava bikharA par3A hai, usakA saMrakSaNa tathA kramabaddha itihAsake rUpameM prakAzana honA nitAnta Avazyaka hai / DaoN0 zAstrIne gvAliyara se lagabhaga 76 mIla dUra dakSiNa-pazcima meM tathA zivapurIse 44 mIla dUra uttara-pazcimameM eka upatyakAke Upara sthita dUbakuNDake prAcIna jaina mandira va zilAlekhakA ullekha kara batAyA hai ki kisI rAjAne AkramaNa kara sone-cAMdI kI vividha mUrtiyoMko bhagna kara aneka mUrtiyoMko tAlAba meM DUbA diyA thA, isalie usakA nAma DUbakuNDa - dUbakuNDa par3a gayA / kAlake duSprabhAvase yaha mandira bhUmisAta ho gayA hai, usakI chateM bhI giratI jA rahI haiN| aise prAcIna jaina tIrtha tulya sthAnoMkA sarvekSaNa tathA purAtAttvika anusandhAna karanA - karAnA anivArya hai / isake atirikta bho DaoN0 zAstrI

Page #40
[ 11 ] itihAsake kucha naye pRSTha bhI khole haiM jinameM "prAcIna jaina-sikkoMkA adhyayana" nAmaka nibandha vizeSa mahattvapUrNa hai| unake anusAra sikkoM para utkIrNa pratIkoMke AdhAra para jaina dharmAnuyAyI aneka upekSita prAcIna jaina samrAToMke nAma evaM aneka kArya kalApoM para acchA prakAza par3atA hai| vidvAn lekhakane saMgItake prakaraNameM usake sAta pramukha svatantra granthoMkA ullekha kiyA hai, jinameMse saMgIta samayasArakA prakAzana ho cukA hai| isameM sandeha nahIM ki hindIke jaina kaviyoMne adhikase adhika rAga-rAganiyoMmeM gIta-padoMkI racanA kI hai| unakA ullekha yathAsthAna kiyA gayA hai / zodha evaM anusandhAna karane vAloMke lie yaha prakaraNa nizcaya hI patha nirdezakakA kArya kregaa| ___ isa prakAra prastuta granthameM saMgrahIta zodha nibandhoMmeM aneka maulika, navIna, aitihAsika evaM zAstrIya tathyoMpara vizleSaNAtmaka prakAza DAlA gayA hai| AzA hai prAcya vidyA vizAradoMkI pragalbha paramparA inakA adhyayana anuzIlana kara zramaNasaMskRti evaM aitihAsika paramparAko samunnata karanekA yathocita adhyavasAya kregii| antameM, hama vidvatpariSadke prati apanA AbhAra vyakta karate haiM , jisane isa bRhad kAya granthake zIghra prakAzanameM vizeSa abhiruci pradarzita kI / isa prasaMgameM usake adhyakSa zraddheya DaoN0 (paM) pannAlAlajI sAgara,evaM pradhAnamantrI zrI pro0 DaoN0 harIndra bhUSaNajI, vikrama vizva vizva vidyAlaya, ujjainane usake prakAzana-kAryameM jo utsAha dikhalAyA vaha nirantara sukhada banA rahegA evaM avismaraNIya bhI / vidvatpariSad ke prakAzana mantrI DaoN0 phUlacandrajI premIne grantha mudraNa kAryako tIvragati deneke lie to athaka prayatna kiyA hI, usake antima prUpha-saMzodhanameM bhI atha se lekara iti taka kaThora parizrama kara unhoMne hameM usase nizcinta banAe rkhaa| unake isa yuvakocita, utsAhapUrNa satzramake lie hama unheM hArdika dhanyavAda dete haiM / zraddhaya guruvara paM0 kailAzacandrajI si0 zAstrI vArANasI, zrI0 paM0 nAthUlAlajI zAstrI, indaura evaM zrI pro0 khuzAlacandrajI gorAvAlA, vArANasIkI, unakI sadbhAvanAoM evaM zubhAzIrvAdoMke prati hama punaH apanA AbhAra vyakta karate haiM, jinake satprayatnoMke kAraNa hI maI 1979 meM prastuta granthakI rUparekhA taiyAra ho sakI thI tathA jinakI preraNAse hI vidvatpariSadne usake prakAzanakI svIkRti pradAna kI thI / inake atirikta bhI hama una sabhI vidvAnoM evaM jijJAsu pAThakoMke prati bhI apanA AbhAra vyakta karate haiM, jinhoMne isake prathama khaNDakA adhyayana kiyA tathA apanI zubha sammatiyA~ evaM badhAI-patra preSitakara hameM utsAhita kiyA hai / DaoN. rAjArAma jaina (ArA, vihAra) DaoN. devendra kumAra zAstrI, nImaca (ma0pra0) sampAdaka

Page #41

Page #42
viSayakrama 57 74 102 jaina nyAya evaM tasvamImAMsA 1. jaina tattvamImAMsA : eka anucintana 2. prAmANyavAda 3. jainadarzanameM zabdakA paudgalikatva-pratipAdana 4. candraprabhacarita kAvyameM tattvopaplavavAda samIkSA 5. prameyaratnamAlAkI TIkAe~ 6. kArya-kAraNabhAva : mahAkavi kAlidAsakI kRtiyoMke pariprekSyameM jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 1. bihArake jaina tIrtha 2. rAjagRha : eka prAcIna jaina tIrtha-kSetra 3. jaina sAhityameM pratipAdita magadha janapada 4. dakSiNa bhAratameM jaina dharmakA praveza aura vistAra 5. jaina itihAsakI prAcIrapara kucha bhUle visare prasaMga 6. jainadharmake prabhAvaka puruSa evaM nAriyA~ 7. jainadharmakA mahAn pracAraka-samrATa samprati, 8. samrATa samprati aura usakI kRtiyA~ 9. AdipurANameM varNita nArI 10. tIrthakaroMko paJcakalyANaka tithiyAM 11. jaina kalA : eka vizleSaNa 12. prAcIna jaina sikkoMkA adhyayana 13. somadevakA rAjanaitika vivecana 14.Jain Culture in Shahabad bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAe~ 1. jaina bhaktikA svarUpa 2. bauddha mahAyAnameM bhakti siddhAnta 3. jaina vAGmayameM saMgIta jyotiSa evaM gaNita 1.jaina jyotiSako pramukha vizeSatAeM 2. jaina jyotiSa sAhitya 3. grIkapUrva jaina jyotiSa vicAra-pArA 188 198 21. 253 268 283

Page #43
4. aMga - vidyA: prAdurbhAva aura vikAsa 5. jaina paJcAMga [14] 6. jAtaka tattva arthAt prArabdha vicAra 7. AcArya nemicandra aura jyotiSazAstra 8. jainAcArya RSiputra aura unakA jyotiSa zAstrako yogadAna 9. mahAn jyotivid zrIdharAcArya 10. jainAcAryoM dvArA prastuta gaNita sambandhI katipaya maulika udbhAvanAeM 11. jaina gaNitakA mahattva 12. tiloyapaNNattike zreNI vyavahArake dasa sUtroMkI upapatti 13. saMskRta-sAhitye tribhujagaNitam 14. svapna aura usakA phala 288 303 309 331 339 345 355 379 391 400 407

Page #44
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGamayakA avadAna

Page #45

Page #46
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA 1. jaina tattvamImAMsA : eka anucintana 2. prAmANyavAda 3. jainadarzana meM zabdakA paudgalikatva pratipAdana 4. tattvopaplavavAda samIkSA 5. prameyaratnamAlAkI TIkAe~ 6. kArya-kAraNabhAva : nahAkavi kAlidAsakI kRtiyoM ke pariprekSya meM

Page #47

Page #48
jaina tattva-mImAMsA : eka anucintana jaina darzanameM tattva sAta mAne gaye haiM / tattvake svarUpa sAmAnyapara pUrva meM vicAra kiyA jA cukA hai / jaina darzana karma bandhase chuTakArA prApta karaneke liye tattvajJAnako Avazyaka mAnatA hai| vastutaH jIvAdi vastuoMkA jo bhAva hai, vaha tattva hai / tattva bhAvaparaka saMjJA hai / hameM bhAratIya darzanoMmeM eka sAMkhyadarzana aisA upalabdha hotA hai jisameM prakRti, mahAn Adi paccIsa tattva mAne gaye haiN| vaizeSika aura naiyAyikoMke yahA~ padArtha zabdakA prayoga tatvake rUpameM huA hai / vaMzeSika sAta padArtha aura naiyAyika solaha padArtha mAnate haiM / ataH bhAratIya darzanoMmeM tattva aura padArtha ekArthaka haiM / jaina darzanameM tattva-nirUpaNakI zailiyoMkA uttarottara vikAsa hotA rahA hai / ArambhameM sat, saMkhyA, kSetra Adi anuyogoMke dvArA jIvAdi tattvoMkA varNana kiyA jAtA thaa| isa paddhatimeM jIva tattvakA nirUpaNa bosa' prarUpaNAoMke dvArA kiyA jAtA hai aura inhIM bIsa prarUpaNAoMke antargata anya ajIvAdi tattvoMkA varNana bhI yathAprasaMga kiyA jAtA hai / yaha zailI atyanta vistRta honeke sAtha durUha bhI hai / AcArya kundakundane tattva-nirUpaNakI isa zailIko nayA mor3a dekara sarala banAyA hai aura unhoMne AtmakalyANake liye prayojanabhUta jIva-ajIva, puNya-pApa, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, bandha aura mokSa ina nava padArthoMkA vivecana kiyA hai / ataH inhIMke yathArtha jJAnakI ora dhyAna AkRSTa kara jaina darzanako bhittIko sudRr3hatA pradAna kI hai| anAdi kAlase jIva tathA karma-nokarmarUpa ajIva paraspara eka dUsarese sambaddha hokara saMyukta avasthAko prApta ho rahe haiM / ataeva isa saMyukta avasthAmeM jIva kyA hai aura ajIva kyA hai ? yaha samajhanA sarvaprathama prayojanabhUta hai / anantara puNya-pApa, jIva aura ajIvakA paraspara sambandha kyoM ho rahA hai ? isa para vicAra karate hue AsravakA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / AsravakA pratipakSI saMvara hai / ataH usakA parijJAna bhI Avazyaka hai| saMvarake dvArA navIna ajIvakA sayoga ruka jAtA hai, para saMcita ajIvakA kSaya kisa prakAra ho? isakA kathana karate hae nirjarAko Avazyaka batalAyA hai / isake pazcAt jIva aura ajIvakI baddha avasthAkA vicAra karate hue bandhakA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| antameM bandhakI virodhI avasthA mokSa hai| ataH sAdhyarUpameM usakA kathana kiyA gayA hai| ___ AcArya kundakundakI isa zailIko aura sarala kara AcArya gRpicchane ina nava padArthoke sthAnapara jIva, ajIva, Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa ina sAta tattvoMkA hI nirUpaNa kiyA hai / unhoMne puNya aura pApakA antarbhAva Asrava tattvake antargata kara apane 'tattvArtha sUtra' granthameM sAta hI tattva batalAye haiN| gRddhapiccha yA umAsvAmIkI isa zailIkA 1. guNajIvA pajjattI pANA saNNA ya maggaNAo ya / uvaogo vi ya kamaso vIsaM tu parUvaNA bhaNidA // -gommaTasAra, jIvakANDa, gAthA 2

Page #49
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jainavAGmayakA avadani pracAra adhika huA aura uttaravartI sabhI jaina dArzanikoMne isI prakriyAko apanAyA / jaina darzana meM sat yA padArthako tattva kahA gayA hai / satke svarUpapara pUrva meM vicAra kiyA gayA hai / sat utpAda, vyaya aura prauJyAtmaka hotA hai / utpAda aura vyaya ye donoM hI parivartana yA paryAyoMkI sUcanA dete haiM / ghrauvya nityatAkA vAcaka hai / ataH jainadarzanameM tattva, vastu yA padArtha meM pratikSaNa utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvyakI dhArA calatI rahatI hai / svajAtikA parityAga kiye binA bhAvAntarakA grahaNa karanA utpAda hai / udAharaNArtha yoM samajhA jA sakatA hai ki miTTIkA piNDa ghaTaparyAya meM pariNata hotA huA bhI miTTI hI rahatA hai| miTTIrUpa jAtikA parityAga kiye binA ghaTarUpa paryAyAntarakA jo grahaNa hai, vahI utpAda hai / isI prakAra vyayakA svarUpa batalAte hue kahA gayA hai ki svajAtikA parityAga kiye binA pUrvabhAvakA jo vinAza hai, vaha vyaya hai / ghaTakI utpattimeM piNDakI AkRtikA vinAza vyayakA udAharaNa hai / vRttikA piNDa jaba ghaTa banatA hai, taba usakI pUrva AkRtikA vyaya ho jAtA hai / isa vyayameM kevala mRttikAkI paryAya parivartita ho jAtI hai, miTTI to vahI rahatI hai / anAdi pAriNAmika svabhAvake kAraNa vastukA nAza na honA dhruvatva hai / udAharaNake liye, piNDAdi avasthAnoM meM miTTIkA anvaya ho dhauvya hai / AcAryaM pUjyapAdane likhA hai 4 "cetanasyAcetanasya vA dravyasya svAM jAtimA mahat ubhayanimittavazAdbhAvAntarAvAptirutpAdanamutpAda: mRtpiNDasya ghaTaparyAyavat / tathA pUrvabhAvavigamanaM vyayaH / yathA ghaTotpattau piNDAkRtaiH / anAdipAriNAmika svabhAvena vyayodayAbhAvAd dhruvati sthirIbhavatIti dhruvaH / dhruvasya bhAvaH karma vA dhaujyam / yathA mRtpiNDaghaTAdyavasthAsu mRdAdyanvayaH / tairutpAdavyayabhauyaM yuktaM utpAdavyayadhauvyayuktaM ' saditi / " arthAt cetana-acetana dravya apanI jAtiko kabhI nahIM chor3ate, phira bhI unameM antaraMga aura bahiraMga nimitta kAraNa prati samaya jo navIna avasthAkI prApti hotI hai, use utpAda, pUrva avasthA ke tyAgako vyaya, anAdi pAriNAmika svabhAvarUpa anvayako dhrovya kahate haiM / yathA koyalA jalakara rAkha ho jAtA hai, isameM pudgalakI koyalA rUpa paryAya vyaya hai, rAkha rUpa paryAya utpAda hai : para donoM avasthAoM meM pudgala dravyakA astitva banA rahatA hai| pudgalapane kA kabhI nAza nahIM hotA, yahI usakI dhAvyatA hai / utpAda, vyaya aura prauvya ye tInoM hI pratyeka padArtha meM svabhAvataH pAye jAte haiM / pratikSaNa pratyeka padArtha meM parivartana hotA hai / kyoMki parivartanazIlatA padArthakA svabhAva hai / jaise dugdha kucha samaya bAda dadhi (dahI) ke rUpameM pariNata ho jAtA hai, phira dahIkA maTTA banA liyA jAtA hai, to bhI gorasa rUpase usakI dhIvyatA banI rahatI hai / dUdha, dahI aura maTThA ye tInoM bhinna-bhinna avasthAe~ eka hI gorasa hI mAnI jAtI haiM / ataeva pratyeka sat padArtha yA tattva utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvyAtmaka hai / yahA~ dhrauvya guNasUcaka hai aura utpAda, vyaya paryAya sUcaka / vastuke sthAyitvameM ekarUpatA yA sthiratA hotI hai / asthAyitva - parivartanameM pUrvarUpakA vinAza aura uttara rUpakI 1. sarvArthasiddhi, jJAnapITha saMskaraNa, paMcama adhyAya 30 va sUtra, pR0 300 /

Page #50
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA utpatti hotI haiM / vastuke vinAza aura utpAda meM vyaya evaM utpattike rahanepara bhI vastu sarvathA naSTa nahIM hotI aura na sarvathA navIna hI utpanna hotI hai / vinAza aura utpAdake bIca eka prakArakI sthiratA rahatI hai, jo na naSTa hotI hai aura na utpanna hotI haiM / yaha jo sthiratA yA ekarUpatA hai, vahI dhrauvya hai / yaha nityatAkA sUcaka hai / nityatAkA lakSaNa kUTastha nitya na hokara 'tadbhAvAvyaya' arthAt jo apane bhAvako na to vartamAnameM chor3atA hai aura na bhaviSya meM chor3egA, vaha nitya hai aura vahI 'tadbhAvAvyaya' hai / batAyA hai-- "yenAtmanA prAgdRSTaM vastu tenaivAtmanA punarapi bhAvAttadevedamiti pratyabhijJAyate / yadyatyantanirodho'bhinavaprAdurbhAvamAtrameva vA syAttataH smaraNAnupapattiH / tadadhIno lokasaMvyavahAro virudhyate / tatastadbhAvenAvyayaM tadbhAvAJyayaM nityamiti nizcIyate / "" arthAt pahale jisa rUpa meM vastuko dekhA hai, usI rUpa meM usake punaH honese vahI 'yaha' hai, isa prakArakI pratIti pratyabhijJAnake dvArA hotI hai / arthAt vastukA jo bhAva hai, usa rUpase cyuta na honA tadbhAvAvyaya kahalAtA hai / yadi pUrvavastukA sarvathA nAza ho jAya aura nayI vastukA sarvathA utpAda mAna liyA jAya, to isase smaraNakI utpatti nahIM ho sakegI aura smaraNAbhAvase lokavyavahAra naSTa ho jAyeMge / ataeva pratyeka sat ko na sarvathA nitya hai aura na anitya hI, kUTastha nitya mAnanepara arthakriyAkAritva siddha nahIM hotA hai / saMkSepa meM jaina darzanameM sat yA tattva kathaMcit nitya hai aura kathaMcit anitya / isakA artha hai pariNAmI nitya / tAtparya yaha hai ki jaise trikAlameM apanI jAtikA nahIM tyAga karanA pratyeka padArthakA svabhAva hai, vaise hI usameM rahate hue pariNamana karanA bhI usakA svabhAva hai / yahI usakI pariNAmI nityatA hai / isa prakAra vastuko pariNAmI nitya mAna lenepara usameM santAnakI apekSAse dhauvya aura pariNAmakI apekSAse utpAda vyaya ghaTita hote haiM / tattvako trilakSaNAtmaka siddha karaneke anantara aba krama prApta tattvoMke svarUpapara prakAza DAlanA Avazyaka hai / tattvoMmeM jIva aura ajIvakI pramukhatA hai / ina donoMke anAdikAlIna saMyoga ke kAraNa hI yaha saMsAra calatA hai / ataeva jIva tattvapara vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai | jIva tattva lakSya mokSa prApti rUpa hai / pAyA jAya, vaha jIva hai / Atmahita sAdhana karanA hI jIvakA lakSya hai / aura yaha jIvakA lakSaNa cetanA svarUpa hai / jisameM jJAna, darzana rUpa caitanya aura jIvakA pratipakSI ajova hai / yaha acetana yA jar3a hotA hai / jIva aura ajIvakA samparka hI aisI vibhinna zaktiyoMkA nirmANa karatA hai, jinake kAraNa jIvako nAnA prakArakI avasthAoMkA anubhava karanA par3atA hai / yadi yaha samparka-dhArA avaruddha ho jAya aura utpanna hue bandhanoM ko jarjarita yA naSTa kara diyA jAya, to jItra apanI zuddha-buddha aura mukta avasthAko prApta ho sakatA hai / 1. sarvArthasiddhi, jJAnapITha saMskaraNa 5 31, pR0 302 /

Page #51
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna jIva indriya agocara aisA tattva hai, jisakI pratIti anubhUti dvArA hI saMbhava hai| jIvako hI AtmA kahA jAtA hai| prANiyoMke acetana tattvase nirmita zarIrake bhItara svatantra Atmatattvaka.. astitva hai aura yaha Atmatattva hI cetana yA upayogarUpa hai / AtmA svatantra aura maulika hai / upayoga jIvakA lakSaNa hai aura upayogakA artha caitanya pariNati hai / caitanya jIvakA asAdhAraNa guNa hai, jisake kAraNa vaha samasta jar3a dravyoMse apanA pRthak astitva rakhatA hai / bAhya aura Abhyantara kAraNoMse isa caitanya ke jJAna aura darzanarUpase do pariNamana hote haiM / jaba caitanya svase bhinna kisI jJeyako jAnatA hai, usa samaya vaha jJAna kahalAtA hai aura jaba caitanyamAtra jJeyAkAra rahatA hai, taba vaha darzana kahalAtA hai / jIva asaMkhyAta pradezavAlA hai aura anAdikAlase sUkSma kArmANa zarIrase sambaddha hai / ataH caitanyayukta jIvakI pahacAna vyavahArameM pA~ca indriya; mana-vacana-kAyarUpa bala tathA zvAsocchvAsa aura Ayu isa prakAra daza prANarUpa lakSaNoMkI hInAdhika sattAke dvArA hI kI jA sakatI hai| ___yoM to jIvameM aneka guNa haiM, para caitanyake sAtha usakI kartRtva aura bhoktRtva zaktiyA~ pradhAna haiN| jIva yA AtmAkI pramukha vizeSatAoMkA vivecana karate hue AcArya nemicandrane batAyA hai-(1) jIva upayogarUpa hai (2) amUttika hai (3) kartA hai (4) bhoktA hai (5) svadehaparimANa hai (6) saMsArI hai (7) siddha hai aura (8) svabhAvase Urdhvagamana karanevAlA hai| ina guNoMke atirikta AtmA pramANa siddha, pariNAmI, pratyeka zarIrameM bhinna aura saMsArAvasthAmeM paudgalika karmose yukta tathA muktimeM karmarahita hai| pratikSetra bhinna mAnaneke kAraNa jIvoMkI saMkhyA ananta hai| pratyeka zarIrameM vidyamAna jIva apanA svatantra astitva rakhatA hai aura isa astitvakA kabhI saMsAra athavA mokSameM vinAza nahIM hotaa| jIvameM rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza ye cAra pudgala athavA jar3ake karma nahI pAye jAte haiN| jIvake caitanya guNakI samIkSA caitanya guNa AtmAke sivA anya kisI padArthameM nahIM pAyA jaataa| yaha AtmAkA nijI guNa hai, AtmAkA Agantuka aura aupAdhika guNa nhiiN| vaizeSika aura nyAyadarzanameM svarUpataH AtmAko caitanya nahIM mAnA gyaa| ina darzanoMke anusAra buddha Adi guNoMke sambandhase AtmAmeM jJAna yA cetanAkI utpatti mAnI gaI hai| jisa prakAra agnike sambandhase ghaTameM raktatA utpanna hotI hai, usI prakAra AtmAmeM buddhayAdike saMyogase cetanA guNa utpanna hotA hai| 1. paMca vi iMdriyapANA manavacakAyesu tiNNi blpaannaa| ANappANappANA AugapANeNa hoMti dasa pANA ||-gommttsaar jIvakAMDa gAthA 129 2 jIvo uvaogamao amuttikattA sadehaparimANo / bhottA saMsArattho mutto so vissasoDDhagaI ||-bRhdrvysNgrh gA0 2 3. caitanyasvarUpaH pariNAmI kartA sAkSAt bhoktA svadeha-parimANaH pratikSetra bhinnaH paudgali kAdRSTavAMzcAyam / -pramANanayatattvAloka 7/55-56

Page #52
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA nyAya-vaizeSikake isa kathanakA abhiprAya yaha hai-jaba taka AtmAmeM caitanya utpanna nahIM hotA, taba taka vaha jar3a yA bhotika hai| ina darzanoMmeM caitanya-jJAna aura AtmAko bhinna-bhinna mAnA gayA hai| donoM-jJAna aura AtmAke sambandhase AtmAmeM jJAna utpanna hotA hai| isI sambandhake kAraNa AtmAko jJAnavAn kahA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra pagar3Ike saMyogase manuSya pagar3IvAna kahalAtA hai, usI prakAra jJAnake sambandhase AtmA jJAnavAn kahalAtA hai / vastutaH AtmA aura jJAna atyanta bhinna haiM / nyAya-vaizeSikakI ukta mAnyatAkI samIkSA karate hue batAyA hai ki yadi AtmA aura caitanya-jJAnako ekAntataH bhinna svIkAra kiyA jAya to vasantakA jJAna vasantakI AtmAse utanA hI bhinna hai, jitanA ki jayantakA jJAna jayantakI AtmAse / aisI sthitimeM vasantakA jJAna vasantakI hI AtmAmeM hai aura jayantakA jJAna jayantakI hI AtmAmeM hai, isakA nirNaya kisake dvArA kiyA jaaygaa| yadi yaha mAnA jAya ki jJAna aura AtmAse nitAnta bhinna honepara bhI samavAya sambandha dvArA jJAna AtmAke sAtha sambaddha hotA hai / jo jJAna jisa AtmAke sAtha sambaddha hotA hai, vaha jJAna usI AtmAkA kahA jAtA hai, anyakA nhiiN| isa prakAra samavAya sambandha dvArA vasantakA jJAna vasantako AtmAse aura jayantakA jJAna jayantakI AtmAse sambaddha hai, ataH jJAnasAMkarya doSa nahIM AtA hai| jJAna aura AtmAke samavAya sambandhakI bhI samIkSA kI gaI hai| batAyA hai ki jaba samavAya eka, nitya aura vyApaka hai; taba amuka jJAnakA sambandha amuka AtmAke sAtha hI ho aura anya AtmAoMke sAtha nahIM, yaha kaise nirNIta hogA / eka anya bAta yaha bhI hai ki nyAyavaizeSika darzanoMmeM AtmA bhI sarvavyApaka mAnI gaI hai, isa prakAra eka AtmAkA jJAna sabhI AtmAoMmeM rahanA cAhie / ataeva vasantakA jJAna jayantameM bhI rhegaa| __nyAya-vaizeSika darzanameM eka anya hetu upasthita karate hue batAyA hai ki AtmA aura jJAnameM kartR-karaNabhAva rahanese donoM bhinna haiM / AtmA kartA hai aura jJAna karaNa hai, ataH AtmA aura jJAna eka nahIM ho sakate / isa tathyakI samIkSA karate hae jainadArzanikoMne isa hetuko sadoSa batalAyA hai ki mAna aura AtmAkA sAmAnya karaNa-kattu bhAva sambandha nahIM hai, yaha to svAbhAvika sambandha hai / devadatta lAThIse mAratA hai, yahA~ lAThI bAhya karaNa hai para jJAna AtmAse bhinna karaNa nahIM hai| yadi lAThIkI taraha jJAna bhI AtmAse bhinna siddha ho jAya, to yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki jJAna aura AtmAmeM karaNa aura kartAkA sambandha hai / phalataH jJAnako AtmAse sarvathA bhinna nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| eka anya udAharaNa dvArA isa prakAra spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai ki vasanta netra aura dIpakase dekhatA hai / isa udAharaNameM dIpaka jisa prakAra vasantase bhinna hai, usa prakAra netra nahIM haiM / dIpaka aura netra donoM karaNa haiM, para donoMmeM bahuta antara hai / ___ jJAna aura AtmAke abhinna mAnanepara karaNa-kartR-abhAvakI AzaMkA nahIM kI jA sakatI; ataH AtmA apanemeM hI apane Apako jAnatA hai / jAnanevAlA honese AtmA kartA hai aura usI AtmAke jJAna guNase jAnatA hai, ataH AtmA hI karaNa hai / kartA aura karaNakA yaha sambandha paryAya bhedase hai / kartA aura karaNa ye donoM paryAyeM AtmAko hI haiN| sAmAnyataH guNa

Page #53
bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA savadAna guNIko apekSAse jJAna aura AtmAmeM bhinnatA hai, para svabhAvakI apekSA jJAna aura AtmAmeM bhinnatA nahIM hai / jIvakA abhUtika guNa rUpakA artha mUttika hai, jisameM rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza guNa pAye jAe~, vaha mUttika hai, AtmA ina guNoMse rahita honeke kAraNa amUttika hai / 'samayasAra' meM AcArya kundakundane batAyA hai ki jIvake na varNa hai, na rasa hai, na gandha hai, na sparza hai, na rUpa hai, na zarIra hai, na saMsthAna hai, na saMhanana hai, na rAga hai, na dvaSa hai, na moha hai, na pratyaya haiM, na karma hai, na varga hai, na vargaNA hai, na koI spardhaka haiM, na yadhyavasAya sthAna hai, na anubhAga sthAna hai, na koI yoga sthAna hai, na koI bandhasthAna hai, na udayasthAna hai, na mArgaNA sthAna hai, na sthitibandhasthAna hai, na saMklezasthAna hai, na saMyamalabdhisthAna hai, na jIvasamAsAdi hai / ataeva yaha nizcaya nayakI apekSA amUrtika, zuddha, jJAna, darzana, sukha aura vIryabhaga hai| para vyavahAranayase mUrtika karmoke adhIna honeke kAraNa sparza, rasa, gandha aura varNayukta mUrtise saMyukta rahanese mUrtika mAnA jAtA hai| nizcayataH jIva amUrtika, indriya agocara zuddha-buddharUpa svabhAvakA dhAraka honese jIva amUrtika hai / sabhI adhyAtmavAdI darzana AtmAko amUrtika aura zAzvata mAnate haiM / kartRtva-vivecana pariNamana karane vAleko kartA, pariNAmako karma aura pariNatiko kriyA kahate haiN| ye tInoM vastutaH bhinna nahIM haiM / eka vastuko hI pariNati haiM / jIvameM kartRtva zakti svabhAvataH pAyI jAtI hai / AtmA asadbhUta vyavahAranayase jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, mohanIya Adi pudgalakarma tathA bhavana, vastra Adi padArthoMkI kA hai| azuddha nizcayanayase apane rAga-dveSa Adi caitanya karmoM--bhAvakarmoMkA aura zuddha nizcayanayako dRSTise apane zuddha caitanya bhAvoMkA' kartA hai| jIva aura ajIva anAdikAlase sambaddha avasthAko prApta haiM / ataH isa praznakA honA svAbhAvika hai ki ina donoMke anAdi sambandhakA kyA kAraNa hai ? jovane karmako kiyA yA karmane jIvako kiyA / yadi yaha mAnA jAya ki jIvane binA kisI vizeSatAke karmako kiyA hai, to zuddha siddhAvasthAmeM bhI kArya karanemeM koI vipratipatti nahIM hogI, yadi karmane jIvako kiyA, to karmaneM aisI vizeSatA kahA~se AyI ki vaha jIva ko isa prakAra vikRta kara sakerAgAdibhAva utpanna kara sake / yadi karma binA kisI vaiziSTyake rAgAdi karate haiM. to karmake astitva kAlameM sadA rAgAdi utpanna honA cAhie / ina praznoMkA samAdhAna vibhinna dRSTiyoMke samanvaya dvArA sambhava hai| yataH jIvake rAgAdi pariNAmoMse pudgala dravyameM karmarUpa pariNamana hotA hai aura pudgalake karmarUpa 1. samayasAra, gAthA 50-55 / 2. mUrtakarmAdhInatvena sparzarasagandhavarNavatyA mUrtyA sahitatvAnmUrtastathApi paramArthenAmUttatiIndriyazuddhabuddha kasvabhAvatvAdamUrtaH / -bRhadravya saMgraha, dehalI saMskaraNa, prathama saMskaraNa, di0 saM0 2010, pR08 3. vahI, gAthA 8

Page #54
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA pariNamana unakI udayAvasthAkA nimitta pAkara AtmAmeM rAgAdi bhAva utpanna hote haiM / yadyapi isa samAdhAnameM anyonyAzraya doSa dikhalAyI par3atA hai, para anAdi saMyoga mAnanese isa doSakA nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai / kartRkarmabhAva vyavasthAke spaSTIkaraNa hetu kAraka vyavahArakA vicAra kara lenA mAvazyaka hai / saMsAra meM anAdikAla se samasta dravya pratikSaNa pUrva pUrva avasthA - paryAyako tyAga kara uttarottara avasthAko prApta hote haiM / isI pariNamanako kriyA kahA jAtA hai / anantara pUrva kSaNavartI pariNAma viziSTa dravya upAdAna kAraNa hai aura anantara uttara kSaNavartI pariNAma viziSTa dravya kArya hai / isa pariNamana - avasthA parivartana meM sahakArI svarUpa anya dravya nimitta kAraNa hai / nimitta kAraNake do bheda haiM- ( 1 ) udAsIna nimitta kAraNa aura (2) preraka nimitta kAraNa / inhIM kAraNoM meM kAraka vyavahAra hotA hai / kriyA niSpAdakatva kArakakA lakSaNa hai aura isake karttA, karma, karaNa, sampradAna, apAdAna aura adhikaraNa ye chaha bheda haiM / kriyAkA upAdAna kAraNa kartA, jise kriyA prApta ho, vaha karma, kriyAmeM sAdhakatama anya padArtha karaNa, karma jisako prApta ho vaha sampradAna, do padArthake biyukta honemeM jo dhruda rahe, vaha apAdAna, evaM AdhArako adhikaraNa kahA jAtA hai / isa kAraka prakriyAkA abhiprAya yaha hai ki saMsArameM jitane padArtha haiM, ve apane-apane bhAvake karttA haiM, para bhAvakA karttA koI padArtha vAstava meM kartRkarma bhAva usI dravyameM ghaTita hote haiM, jisameM vyApya vyApaka bhAva athavA upAdAna upAdeya bhAva rahatA hai| jo kAryarUpa pariNata hotA hai, use vyApaka yA upAdAna kahate haiM aura jo kArya hotA hai, use vyApya yA upAdeya / miTTIse ghar3A banA, yahA~ miTTI vyApaka yA upAdAna hai aura ghaTa vyApya yA upAdeya hai / yaha upAdeya bhAva sarvadA eka dravyameM hI hotA hai, do dravyoMmeM nahIM, trikAla meM bhI pariNamana nahIM hotA / vyApya vyApaka bhAva yA upAdAna yataH eka dravyakA dUsare dravyarUpa jo upAdAna ke kAryarUpa pariNamanameM sahakArI hai, vaha nimitta hai / yathA-miTTI ke ghaTAkAra pariNamanameM kumbhakAra aura usake daNDa cakrAdi / isa nimittakI sahAyatAse upAdAna meM jo kArya hotA hai, vaha naimittika kahalAtA hai / jaise kumbhakAra Adiko sahAyatA se miTTI meM huA ghaTAkAra pariNamana / yahA~ yaha jJAtatrya hai ki nimitta - naimittika bhAva do vibhinna dravyoM meM bhI ghaTita ho jAtA hai / para upAdAna - upAdeya yA vyApya vyApaka bhAva eka hI dravyameM sambhava haiM / pudgala dravya jIvake rAgAdi pariNAmoMkA nimitta pAkara karmabhAvako prApta hotA hai, isI prakAra jIva dravya bhI pudgala karmoMke vipAka kAlarUpa nimittako pAkara rAgAdi bhAvarUpa pariNamana karatA hai / isa prakArakA nimitta - naimittika sambandha honepara bhI jIva dravya karma meM kisI guNakA utpAdaka nahIM / arthAt pudgala dravya svayaM jJAnAvaraNAdi bhAvako prApta hotA hai / isI taraha karma bhI jIvameM kinhIM guNoMko nahIM karatA hai, kintu mohanIya Adi karmake vipAkako nimitta kara jIva svayameva rAgAdi rUpa pariNamatA hai / itanA honepara bhI pudgala 2

Page #55
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna aura jIvakA pariNamana paraspara nimittaka hai| isase spaSTa hai ki AtmA apane bhAvoMke dvArA apane pariNamanakA kartA hotA hai / pudgala karmakRta bhAvoMkA kartA nahIM hai / tathya yaha hai ki sudagalake jo jJAnAvaraNAdi karma haiM, unakA kartA pudgala hai aura jIvake jo rAgAdi bhAva haiM, unakA kartA jIva' hai| AtmA aura pudgala ina donoMmeM vaibhAvika zakti hai| isa zaktike kAraNa hI AtmA mithyA darzanAdi vibhAvarUpa pariNamana svayaM karatI hai aura pudgala jJAnAvaraNAdi karmarUpa pariNamana karatA hai / isa prakArake pariNamanako hI nimitta-naimittika bhAva kahA jAtA hai / nimitta-naimittika, kartR-karmabhAva svIkAra karanepara dvikriyAkAritvakA doSa bhI nahIM AtA hai / yataH nimitta apane pariNamanake sAtha upAdAna pariNamanakA kartA nahIM hai / jIva na to ghaTakA kartA hai, na to paTakA kartA hai aura na zeSa anya dravyoMkA hii| jIva apane yoga aura upayogakA kartA hai / AtmA ghaTAdi aura krodhAdi para dravyAtmaka karmoMkA karttA na to vyApya-vyApaka bhAvase hai aura na nimitta-naimittika bhAva se hI; para anitya yoga aura upayoga hI ghaTa paTAdi dravyoMke nimitta kartA haiM / jaba AtmA aisA vikalpa karatI hai ki 'maiM ghaTako banAU~ taba kAyayoga dvArA AtmapradezoMmeM caMcalatA AtI hai aura caMcalatAkI nimittatA pAkara hastAdike vyApAra dvArA daNDase cakrakA paribhramaNa hotA hai aura isase ghaTAdikI niSpatti hotI hai / ye vikalpa aura yoga anitya haiM / ajJAna vaza AtmA inakA kartA ho bhI sakatA hai, para 'para' dravyAtmaka karmoMkA kartA kadApi sambhava nahIM hai| ____ tathya yaha hai ki nimittake do bheda haiM-(1) sAkSAt nimitta aura (2) paramparA nimitta / kumbhakAra apane yoga aura upayogakA kartA hai / yaha sAkSAt nimittakI apekSA kathana hai / yataH inake sAtha kumbhakArakA sAkSAt sambandha hai aura kumbhakArake yoga aura upayogase daNDa cakrAdi dvArA ghaTakI utpatti paramparA nimittakI apekSA hai| jaba paramparA nimittase honevAle nimitta-naimittikako gauNa kara kathana kiyA jAtA hai taba jIvako ghaTapaTAdikA kartA nahIM mAnA jaataa| kintu jaba paramparA nimittase honevAle nimitta-naimittika bhAvako pramukhatA dI jAtI hai, taba jIvako ghaTa-paTAdikA kartA kahA jAtA hai / 1. jIvapariNAmaheduM kammattaM puggalA pariNamaMti / puggalakammanimittaM taheva jIvo vi pariNamai / Navi kuvai kammaguNe jIvo kammaM taheva jIvaguNe / aNNoNNaNimitteNa du pariNAma jANa dohlapi / eeNa kAraNeNa du kattA AdA saeNa bhAveNa / puggalakammakayANaM Na du kattA savvabhAvANaM // -samayasAra, zrutabhaNDAra prakAzana samiti phalTana, gAthA 80-82 2. jIvo Na karodi ghaDaM Neva paDaM Neva sesage danve / joguvaogA uppAdagA ya tesiM havadi kattA / / -vahI, gAthA 100

Page #56
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsa ghaTakA kartA kumbhakAra, paTakA kuvinda aura rathakA kartA bar3haIko na mAnA jAya, to loka viruddha kathana ho jaaygaa| lokameM unakA kartRtva paramparA nimitta kI apekSA hI saMgata hotA hai| ___abhiprAya yaha hai ki saMsArake sabhI padArtha apane-apane bhAvake kartA haiM / para bhAvakA kartA koI padArtha nahIM hai| kumbhakAra ghaTa banAne rUpa apanI kriyAkA kartA hai / vyavahAra meM kumbhakArako jo ghaTakA kartA kahA jAtA hai, vaha kevala upacAra mAtra hai / ghaTa banane rUpa kriyAkA kartA ghaTa hai / ghaTakI banane rUpa kriyAmeM kumbhakAra sahAyaka nimitta hai / isa prakAra sahAyaka nimittako hI upacArase kA kahA jAtA hai| kata ke do bheda haiM-(1) vAstavika kartA aura (2) upacarita kartA / kriyAkA upAdAna hI vAstavika kartA hai| ataH koI bhI kriyA vAstavika kartAke binA sambhava nahIM hai / upacarita kartAke liye yaha niyama nahIM hai / yathA-ghaTa rUpa kArya ke sampAdana meM upacarita kartAko AvazyakatA hai, para nadIke bahane rUpa kAryameM upacarita kartAkI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / saMkSepameM AtmAko hI rAgAdi bhAva karma, jJAnAvaraNAdi dravya karma aura nokarma zarIrAdikA kartA mAnane ke sAtha svazuddha caitanya bhAvoMkA bhI kartA mAnA gayA hai| AtmAkI isa kartRtva zaktikA vivecana jaina darzanameM bahuta vistArapUrvaka kiyA gayA hai aura vibhinna naya prakriyA dvArA AtmAkI kartRtva zaktikA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / samIkSA jaina darzanameM AtmAko kartA kahA gayA hai| para sAMkhya darzanameM prakRti yA pradhAnako karnA aura AtmA yA puruSako phalabhoktA kahA gayA hai| isa darzanake anusAra AtmA kevala kartRtva zaktikA sAkSI hai / pariNAmavAdakI siddhike sAtha hI kartatva bhI siddha ho jAtA hai / yaha AtmA kUTastha nitya hai, jo kucha bhI parivartana hotA hai, vaha pradhAna yA prakRtimeM / puruSa na kabhI baddha hotA hai aura na mukta / bandhana aura mukti rUpa jitane pariNAma haiM, ve saba prakRtike Azrita haiM, AtmAke Azrita nhiiN| AtmA nitya hai| janma maraNAdi jitane bhI pariNAma hote haiM, ve usase bhinna haiM / ataeva sAMkhya darzana AtmA yA puruSako apariNAmI mAnatA hai / prakRti hI baddha hotI hai aura prakRti hI mukta hotI hai, isa kathanameM baddha aura mukta prakRtike atirikta kisase mAnI jAtI hai / prakRti kisI anya tattvase to baddha nahIM ho sktii| yadi prakRti svayaM hI baddha hotI hai aura svayaM hI mukta hotI hai to bandhana aura muktimeM koI antara nahIM hogaa| kyoMki prakRti sarvadA prakRti hai, vaha jaisI hai, vaisI hI rhegii| usameM parivartana sambhava nahIM hai| kyoMki usameM bheda DAlanevAlA anya koI kAraNa dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| yadi yaha mAnA jAya, ki puruSa prakRti ke parivartanameM kAraNa hai, to bhI samasyAkA samAdhAna sambhava nahIM hai / puruSa sarvadA prakRtike sammukha rahatA hai / yadi vaha nirantara eka rUpa hai, to prakRti bhI eka rUpa rahegI / yadi usameM parivartana hotA hai to prakRtimeM bhI parivartana hogaa| aisA sambhava nahIM ki puruSa to sadaiva eka rUpa rahe aura prakRtimeM parivartana hotA rhe|

Page #57
12 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna yadi puruSako prakRtike parivartanameM kAraNa mAnA jAya to puruSameM bhI parivartana mAnanA hI par3egA / sAMkhya darzana meM sukhadukhAdi samasta kriyAe~ mAnasika haiM, saba prakRtiko dena haiM / puruSakA para pratibimba par3atA hai aura isa pratibimbake kAraNa puruSa yaha samajhane lagatA hai ki sukhadukhAdi mere bhAva haiM / vaha apane mUla svarUpako bhUlakara sukhaduHkhAdiko apanA samajhane lagatA hai / ataeva pariNAmI aura akarttA puruSageM isa prakArakA pariNAma sambhava nahIM hai| jar3a prakRti caitanya pariNAmoMkA karttA nahIM ho sakatI aura na sukhaduHkhAdikA anubhava binA kriyAke ho sakatA hai / sukhaduHkhAdi kriyArUpa hI hai / aisI avasthAmeM puruSako akarttA aura niSkriya mAnanA kisI prakAra Thoka nahIM hai / puruSako sAkSI' mAtra mAnanA yukti viruddha hai / bhatRtva zakti : vivecana AtmA phaloMkA svayaM bhoktA / yaha asadbhUta vyavahAranayakI apekSA pudgala karmaphaloMkA bhoktA hai / antaraMga meM sAtA - asAtAkA udaya honepara bAhara meM upalabdha honevAle sukhaduHkhAdi sAdhanoMkA upabhoga karatI hai / azuddha nizcayana kI apekSA cetanAke vikAra rAgAdi bhAvakI bhoktA hai aura zuddha nizcayanayakI apekSA zuddha caitanya bhAvoMkI bhoktA hai / vastutaH AtmAke hI kartA aura bhoktA honeke kAraNa saMsArakI koI bhI parokSa zakti jIvake liye kisI bhI prakArakA kArya nahIM karatI hai / jIva svayaM apane bhAvoMkA karttA - bhoktA hai / jIvako kisI dUsarI zaktike dvArA karmaphalakI prApti nahIM hotI / AtmA svayaM hI apane kiye gaye bhAvoMke anusAra karmoMko bA~dhatI hai aura svayaM hI apane prayAsase karmoMse mukta hotI hai / bandhana aura muktimeM para kA kiMcit bhI kartRtva nahIM hai / svabhAva se rUpameM calanevAle isa jagatkA na koI niyantA hai aura na koI sraSTA hai / kisI bhI devI devatAkI kRpAse iSTAniSTa phala prApta nahIM ho sktaa| sabase bar3A Atmadeva hai / isase zaktizAlI anya koI bhI nahIM hai / hAni-lAbha, sukha-duHkha apane hI hAthameM hai, anya kisIke hAtha meM nahIM / jaba AtmA apanI kartRtva aura bhoktRtva zaktikA anubhava karane lagatA hai, apane svarUpako pahacAna letA hai, usa samaya jagatke devI-devatA sabhI AtmAke caraNoMmeM natamastaka ho jAte haiM / ataeva yaha jIva svatantra hai aura svayaM hI karttA aura bhoktA hai / 1. tasmAcca viparyAsAtsiddha sAkSitvamasya puruSasya / kaivalyaM mAdhyasthyaM draSTRtva kartRbhAvazca // sAMkhya kArikA, zloka 19

Page #58
prAmANyavAda sannikarSa pramANavAda sannikarSavAdI naiyAyikoMkA kathana hai ki arthakA jJAna karAne meM sabase adhika sAdhaka sannikarSa hai / yaha vidita hai ki cakSukA ghaTake sAtha saMyoga honepara hI ghaTakA jJAna hotA hai / jisa arthakA indriyake sAtha sannikarSa nahIM hotA usakA jJAna bhI nahIM hotA / yadi indriyoMse asannikRSTa arthakA bhI jJAna mAnA jAyagA to sabako sabhI padArthoMkA jJAna honA cAhie, kintu dekhA jAtA hai ki jo padArtha dRSTise ojhala hote haiM unakA jJAna nahIM hotA / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki indriya kAraka hai aura kAraka dUra rahakara apanA kArya nahIM kara sakatA / ata indriyA~ jisa padArthase sambandha nahIM karatI use nahIM jAna sakatIM kyoMki ve kAraka haiM / jaise - bar3haIkA basUlA lakar3Ise dUra rahakara apanA kAma nahIM karatA / isI prakAra indriyA~ bhI padArtha se dUra rahakara padArthako nahIM jAna pAtI haiM / yaha sArvajanIna satya hai ki sparzana indriya padArthako sparza kara hI jAnatI hai, binA sparza kiye nahIM jAnatI / yahI bAta anya indriyoM viSayameM bhI samajhanI cAhie / sannikarSa chaH bheda haiM . (1) saMyoga, (2) saMyukta samavAya (3) saMyukta samaveta samudAya (4) samavAya (5) samaveta samavAya aura (6) vizeSaNa vizeSya bhAva / cakSukA vaTAdi padArthoMke sAtha saMyoga sannikarSa hai / ghaTAdimeM samavAya sambandhase rahane vAle guNa karma Adi padArthoMke sAtha saMyukta samavAya sannikarSa hai / kyoMki cakSukA ghaTake sAya saMyoga sambandha hai aura usa ghaTa meM samavAya sambandhase guNa karma Adi rahate haiM tathA ghaTameM samavAya sambandhase rahane vAle guNakarma AdimeM samavAya sambandhase rahane vAle guNatva, karmatva Adike sAtha saMyuktasamavetasamavAya sannikarSa hai / isI taraha zrotrakA zabdake sAtha samavAya sannikarSa hai kyoMki karNake chidrameM rahane vAle AkAzakA hI nAma zrotra hai aura AkAzakA guNa honese zabda jahA~ samavAya sambandhase rahatA hai / zabdatvake sAtha samaveta samavAya sannikarSa hai / isa gharameM ghaTakA abhAva hai / yahA~ ghaTAbhAvake sAtha vizeSaNa vizeSya bhAva sannikarSa hai kyoMki cakSuse saMyukta gRhakA vizeSaNa ghaTAbhAva hai / prathama pratyakSa jJAna 4, 3 athavA 2 ke sannikarSase utpanna hotA hai / bAhyarUpa AdikA pratyakSa 4 ke sannikarSase hotA hai - AtmA manase sambandha karatA hai, mana indriyase aura indriya arthase / khAdikA pratyakSa 3 ke sannikarSase hotA hai kyoMki usameM cakSu Adi indriyA~ kAma nahIM krtiiN| yogiyoM ko jo AtmAkA pratyakSa hotA hai vaha kevala AtmA aura manake sannikarSa - se hI hotA hai / ataH sannikarSako hI pramANa mAnanA cAhie !

Page #59
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna nyAyasiddhAntamuktAvalImeM isIko spaSTa karate hue batAyA hai ki dravyakA jahA~ tvagindriyake dvArA sparzana pratyakSa huA vahA~ tvak saMyoga kAraNa hai evaM dravyameM samaveta jo sparza usake pratyakSameM tvak saMyukta samavAya sannikarSa kAraNa hai / dravya meM samaveta sparza usameM samaveta sparzatva Adike pratyakSameM tvak saMyukta samaveta samavAya sannikarSa kAraNa hai / yahA~ -- tvak saMyogameM bhI mahattvAvacchinnatva - udbhUta sparzAvacchinnatva cAkSuSa pratyakSakI taraha svIkAra karanA hai / isI prakAra gandhake pratyakSameM ghrANa saMyukta samavAya sannikarSa kAraNa hai / gandha samaveta gandhatva ke ghrANase utpanna pratyakSameM ghrANa indriya saMyukta samaveta samavAya sannikarSa kAraNa hai / isI prakAra rasake pratyakSameM rasanA saMyukta samavAya sannikarSa kAraNa hai / rasa meM samaveta (rasatva) ke rAsana pratyakSa meM rasanA saMyukta samaveta samavAya sannikarSa kAraNa hai / zabda pratyakSa meM zrotrAvacchinna samavAya sannikarSa kAraNa hai / zabdameM samaveta ( zabdatva) ke zrAvaNa pratyakSa zrotrAvacchinna samaveta samavAya sannikarSa kAraNa hai / yahA~ pratyakSa zabdase alaukika pratyakSakA hI grahaNa karanA hai aura yaha pramANa svarUpa hai / ataeva rUpa, rasa, gandha, sparza aura zabdakA jJAna sannikarSa dvArA hI hotA hai / ataeva sannikarSako pramANa mAnanA Avazyaka hai / 14 Atma pratyakSameM bhI sannikarSa hI pramANabhUta hai / AtmAmeM samaveta ( sukhAdi) ke mAnasa pratyakSa meM manaH saMyukta samavAya sannikarSa kAraNa hai / yataH AtmAmeM samaveta sukhAdi, sukhAdimeM samaveta sukhatvAdike mAnasa pratyakSameM manaH saMyukta samaveta samavAya sannikarSa kAraNa haiM | abhAva ke pratyakSameM aura samavAyake pratyakSameM indriya sambaddha vizeSaNatA sannikarSa kAraNa hai / yathA'bhUtalAdau ghaTAdyabhAvaH' athavA 'ghaTAbhAvavad bhUtalam' meM cakSu indriya sambaddha bhUtala hai / usameM vizeSatA ghaTAbhAvakI hai / isI prakAra 'ghaTatva samavAyavAna ghaTa:' meM cakSu indriya sambaddha ghaTa hai usameM vizeSaNa samavAya hai ataH vizeSaNatA samavAyakI hai / vaizeSika samavAyakA pratyakSa nahIM mAnate / yadyapi vizeSaNa vizeSya bhAva sannikarSa meM abhAvako vizeSaNatA mAnI gayI hai / yathA--' ghaTAbhAvavad bhUtalam' meM bhUtalAdimeM ghaTAbhAvakA pratyakSa cakSu saMyukta vizeSaNatA sannikarSase hotA hai / saMkhyA AdimeM rUpAdikake abhAvakA pratyakSa saMyukta samaveta vizeSaNatA sannikarSase hotA hai / yathA cakSu saMyukta bhUtala hai usameM samaveta saMkhyA usameM vizeSatA rUpAdike abhAvakI hai / saMkhyAtvAdimeM rUpAbhAvakA pratyakSa saMyuktasamaveta, samaveta vizeSatA sannikarSase hai / yathA - cakSu saMyukta bhUtala, usameM samaveta saMkhyA, usameM samaveta saMkhyAtva, usameM vizeSaNatA hai rUpAdike abhAvako / kyoMki rUpAdikA abhAva saMkhyAtvameM vizeSaNa hai / zabdAbhAvakA pratyakSa zrotrAvacchinna vizeSaNatA sannikarSase hotA hai mImAMsakoM kA abhimata hai - vizeSaNatayA tadvadbhAvAnAM graho bhavet arthAt vizeSaNatA sannikarSase abhAvoMkA pratyakSa hotA hai / yaha naiyAyikoMkA kathana asaMgata hai / yataH abhAvakA pratyakSa hotA hI nahIM / ataH abhAva pratyakSake anurodhase vizeSaNa vizeSyakA sannikarSa bhAva svIkAra karanA vyartha hai / isa praznake uttarameM naiyAyikakA kathana hai ki mImAMsakake yahA~ abhAvakA grAhaka kaunasA pramANa hai / yadi abhAvakI pratItikA kAraNa ' anupalabdhi nAmaka pramANako mAnA jAya to vaha abhAvakI pratIti pratyakSa na rahakara parokSa raha jAyagI / naiyA

Page #60
jaima nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA yikoMke yahAM to abhAva pratyakSa hI hai aura samavAyako padArtha mAnA gayA hai / ataH ina donoMke saMyogase vizeSaNatA sannikarSa bana jAyagA / isameM bhI abhAva pratyakSa meM anupalabdhiko sahakArI kAraNa mAnA gayA hai aura abhAvakA pratyakSa vizeSaNatA sannikarSase hotA hai / tathya yaha hai ki indriya aura vizeSatA janya abhAva pratyakSameM yogyatAnupalabdhi sahakArI kAraNa hai / tathA hi bhUtala Adi adhikaraNameM ghaTAdikA pratyakSAtmaka jJAna honepara ghaTAbhAva AdikA pratyakSa nahIM hotaa| isase yaha siddha huA ki abhAvake upalambha-pratyakSa meM pratiyogIkA upalambhAbhAvaupalabdhi abhAva arthAt anupalabdhi-pratyakSa na honA sahakArI kAraNa hai / Azaya yaha ki jahAM pratiyogIkA pratyakSa nahIM hogA vahIM para usake abhAvakA pratyakSa hotA hai| nanupratiyogIkA upalambhAbhAva yadi pratiyogIke abhAva pratyakSameM kAraNa hai to jalAdi paramANumeM pRthvItvakA upalambha-pratyakSa nahIM hotA hai kyoMki vahA~ jalAdi paramANumeM pRthvItvopalambhAbhAva hai / ataH pRthvItvAbhAvakA pratyakSa hotA hai / pratiyogI upalambhAbhAva meM yogyatA bhI apekSita hai| arthAt yogyatA viziSTa jo pratiyogI upalambhAbhAva vahI pratiyogIke abhAva pratyakSameM kAraNa hai| jisakA abhAva kiyA jAtA hai vaha usakA pratiyogI hotA hai / ataH abhAvake grahaNameM yogyatA vizeSa kAraNa hai aura yaha yogyatA upAlambhAbhAvameM rahane vAlA tAdRza pratiyogitvAtmaka dharma hai| ataeva abhAvakA grahaNa pratyakSa dvArA sambhava hai| vAyumeM rUpakA abhAva, pASANameM sugandhakA abhAva, gur3ameM tikta rasakA abhAva, zrotrameM zabdAbhAva, AtmAmeM sukhAbhAva Adike grahaNa karane meM tatsambandhI pratiyogiyoMkA pratyakSa hotA hai kyoMki pUrvokta abhAvoMke pratyakSakA apAdAna-Aropa ho sakatA hai. kyoMki ina abhAvoMke pratiyogI jo rUpAdi hai unake upalambhAbhAvameM-"pratiyogI sattva prasaJjana prasaJjita pratiyogikatva rUpa yogyatA hai / ataH vAyau yadi rUpaM syAt tahi cakSuSa upalabhyeta aisA upAdAna ho sakatA hai| saMsargAbhAva ke pratyakSameM pratiyogIkI pratyakSa yogyatA apekSita hai aura anyonyAbhAvake pratyakSameM to adhikaraNakI yogyatA Avazyaka hai| ___ sannikarSake pratyakSa jJAnakI apekSAse do bheda haiM-laukika aura alaukika / laukika sannikarSa pUrvokta chaH prakArakA hotA hai aura alaukika sannikarSa tIna prakArakA hai alaukikastu vyApArastrividhaH parikIrtitaH / sAmAnyalakSaNo jJAnalakSaNo yogajastathA // ' arthAt alaukika vyApAra rUpa sannikarSa tIna prakArakA hai-(1) sAmAnya lakSaNa (2) jJAna lakSaNa aura (3) yogaja / sAmAnya lakSaNa zabdakA artha hai ki sAmAnya ghaTatvAdi jAti aura ghaTAdi vyakti-ye donoM jisake svarUpa hoM usase sAmAnya svarUpa pratyAsatti rUpa arthakA lAbha hotA hai aura vaha sAmAnya svarUpa sambandha indriya sambaddha vizeSyaka ayaM ghaTaH ityAkAraka jJAna usameM prakArIbhUta samajhanA caahie| Azaya yaha hai ki pUrvavartI ghaTake sAtha cakSu saMyoga honeke anantara ghaTa ghaTatve ityAkAraka nirvikalpaka jJAna hotA hai / usake 1. nyAya siddhAnta muktAvalI-nyAyAcArya paM. zrI jvAlAprasAda gaur3a / prakAzaka-sarajU devI, 185 gaNeza mahAla, vArANasI, prathama saMskaraNa 1958 / pR0-250, zloka saMkhyA-63 /

Page #61
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina nAGmayakA avadAna bAda ayaM ghaTaH isa prakArakA savikalpaka jJAna hotA hai| yaha jJAna ghaTako dizeSya vidhayA aura ghaTatvako vizeSaNa vidhayA jJAta karatA hai| ataH indriya sambandha vizeSya-ghaTakA jo jJAna ayaM ghaTaH ityAkAraka jJAna isameM prakArIbhUta sAmAnya vA ghaTatva usa ghaTatva rUpa sAmAnya lakSaNa sannikarSaka dvArA 'ghaTAH' ityAkAraka sakala ghaTa viSayaka alaukika pratyakSa hotA hai| isIko muktAvalImeM nimna prakAra dikhalAyA gayA hai ___ "tathAhi-indriyasambaddho dhUgAdistadvizeSyakaM dhUma iti jJAnaM yatra jAtaM, tatra jAne dhUbhatvaM prakAraH, tatra dhUmatvena rUpeNa sannikarSeNa dhamA ityevarUpaM sakaladhUmaviSayakaM jJAnaM jAyate / atra yadIndriyasambaddhamityevocyate tadA dhUlIpaTale cUmatvabhramAnantaraM sakaladhUmaviSayakaM jJAnaM na syAd dhUmatvena sahendriyasambandhAbhAvAt / manmate indriyasambaddha dhUlIpaTalaM tadvizeSyakaM dhUma iti jJAnaM tatra prakArIbhUtaM dhUmatvaM pratyAsaniH / indriyasambandhazva lokiko grAhyaH / idaM ca bahirindriyasthale bodhyam / mAnasasthale tu jJAnaprakArIbhUtaM sAmAnya pratyAsattiH / ' ___ sAmAnya padArthoMke bhAnako sAmAnya zabda dvArA kahA gayA hai / yaha sAmAnya kahIM nitya hai / jaise-zUmitva Adi / kahIM anitya hai jaise-ghaTatvAdi / jahA~ eka hI ghaTa saMyoga sambandhase bhUtalameM aura sapanAya sambandhase kapAlameM jJAta honeke anantara 'sarvANi bhUtalAni prayogena ghaTavanti evaM sarve kapAlAH samavAyena ghaTavantaH' isa prakArase saMyoga sambandhase sakala ghaTavat bhUtaloMkA-evaM samavAya sambandhaMse sakala ghaTavAle kapAloMkA jJAna hotA hai / ataeva sAmAnya lakSaNa pratyAsatti dvArA sAmAnya lakSaNa sannikarSakI pratIti hotI hai| prAcIna naiyAyikoMne jJAyamAna sAmAnyako pratyAsatti batalAkara sAmAnya jJAnako alaukika pratyakSa sannikarSa mAnA hai, para navya naiyAyika kahate haiM "nanu saMyogena ghaTavat bhUtalam" ityAkAraka bhUtalameM saMyoga sambandhase ghaTakA cAkSuSa pratyakSa huA ! usake pazcAt kisI kAraNavaza vaha ghaTa naSTa ho gayA / isa paristhitimeM usa ghaTake nAza honeke bAda bhI pUrvokta cAkSuSa pratyakSAtmaka anubhavajanya saMskArake balase 'bhUtalam tad ghaTavat' yaha smaraNa ho anantara jJAna sAmAnya lakSaNA pratyAsatti ke dvArA tad ghaTavAle samasta adhikaraNoM-bhUtaloMkI tad ghaTavanti bhUtalAni ityAkAraka alaukika pratIti hotI hai / yaha pratIti jJAyamAnya sAmAnyako pratyAsatti mAnanepara nahIM ho skegii| kyoMki kAraNabhUta sAmAnya-tad ghaTa nahIM hai, naSTa ho cukA hai| ataH kAraNake vyatireka-na honepara kAryakA honA. yaha vyatiraMka vyabhicAra kahalAyagA / isa prakAra prAcIna naiyAyikoMke matameM navya naiyAyikoMne vyatireka vyabhicAra nAmaka prathama doSa pratipAdita kiyA hai| kiMca dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki indriya sambadda vizejyaka 'ayaM ghaTaH' yaha jJAna Aja huaa| dUsare dina ghaTake sAtha indriya sambandhake binA bhI sarve ghaTA ityAkAraka alaukika pratIti honI cAhiye / kAraNa ki Aja hamArA cakSu indriyake sApa sambandha hokara 'ayaM ghaTaH' yaha jJAna hameM huaa| usa jJAna meM prakArIbhUta sAmAnyaghaTatva nitya honeke kAraNa sarvadA rhegaa| ataH sAmAnya rUpa kAraNake rahanepara bhI kArya alaukika pratyakSa nahIM hotA hai ! ataH anvayavyabhicAra nAmaka dvitIya doSa utpanna ho jAyagA / ataH sAmAnya jJAnako hI pratyAsatti sannikarSa mAnanA ucita hai / 1. vahI pU0 251-252

Page #62
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA prAcIna naiyAyikoM kA ukta zaMkAke samAdhAnameM uttara hai ki sAmAnya jJAnako pratyAsatti mAnanese navya naiyAyikake yahA~ bhI ukta donoM doSa A jaayeNge| navIna naiyAyika ukta zaMkAkA uttara dete hue kahatA hai ki prathama pakSa meM ghaTake nAza honepara bhI ghaTakA jJAna to hai hI, dvitIya pakSameM sAmAnya ghaTake nitya honepara bhI indriya sambandhake binA usakA jJAna sarvathA asambhava hai / yataH 'sAmAnyaviSayakaM jJAnaM pratyAsattirna tu sAmAnyaM / ' nanu sAmAnya lakSaNa zabdase sAmAnya viSayaka jJAna yaha artha kaise ghaTita huaa| uttara-lakSaNa zabdakA hI viSaya artha hai / ataH sAmAnya viSayaka jJAnako pratyAsattitvakA lAbha ho gyaa| ataeva "tena sAmAnyaviSayakaM jJAnaM pratyAsattirityartho labhyate / " nanu jahA~ cakSu saMyogake binA hI sAmAnya-ghaTatvakA zAbdika yA smaraNAtmaka jJAna ho gayA hai, vahA~ sarva ghaTA ityAkAraka sakala ghaToMkA alaukika cAkSaSA pratyakSa honA caahiye| uttara- ba Apa cakSurAdi bahirindriyase sAmAnya lakSaNAke dvArA alaukika cAkSuSa pratyakSa karanA cAheM usa samaya yat kiMcit dharmameM usa sAmAnya-ghaTatvakA cakSu Adi indriyase utpanna honevAle jJAnakI sAmagrI apekSita hai| usa sAmagrIke binA vaha jJAna nahIM ho sakatA aura sAmagrI cakSu saMyoga Adi hai| ataH pUrvokta sthalameM cakSu saMyogake binA alaukika cAkSuSa pratyakSa nahIM ho sakatA hai / Aloka saMyoga bhI sAmagrIke antargata hai / ataH andhakArameM ghaTa AdikA cakSuse alaukika cAkSuSa pratyakSa nahIM hotA hai / ataeva sAmAnya jJAna lakSaNa pratyAsatti hI sAmAnya lakSaNa alaukika pratyakSake liye sannikarSa hai / nanu jJAna pratyAsatti yadi jJAnarUpA aura sAmAnya lakSaNA pratyAsatti bhI jJAnarUpa hai, to ina donoM sannikarSoM meM kyA antara hogA ? uttara-sAmAnya lakSaNa sannikarSa apane Azrayake alaukika pratyakSameM kAraNa hotA hai / arthAt sAmAnyake sakala AzrayoMkA pratyakSa sAmAnya lakSaNAke dvArA hotA hai-jaise ghaTatva jJAnarUpa sAmAnya lakSaNAse ghaTatvAzraya sakala ghaToMkA alaukika pratyakSa hotA hai aura jJAnalakSaNA sannikarSa jisakA viSayI-jJAna hotA hai, usIkA vyApAra sannikarSa hotA hai, AzrayakA nahIM / jaise 'surabhi candanam' meM candanako dekhakara saurabhakA hI smaraNAtmaka jJAnarUpa jJAnalakSaNA sannikarSake dvArA alaukika pratIti hotI hai na ki saurabhAzraya candana kii| kyoMki-"cakSusaMyukta manaHsaMyuktAtma samaveta smRtiviSayatvaM' yahI jJAna lakSaNA vastu hai| candanako dekhaneke bAda sugandhakI smRti AtI hai / ataH tAdRza smRti viSayatvarUpa jJAnalakSaNA saurabhakA sannikarSa hai candanakA nhiiN| kyoMki candanakA to cAkSuSa hI ho rahA hai| naiyAyikoMkA abhiprAya yaha hai ki sAmAnya lakSaNA alaukika sannikarSa na mAnanepara samasta sAmAnyAzrayoMkI pratIti nahIM ho skegii| kyoMki pratyakSa mAtrameM sannikarSa kAraNa hai / muktAvalImeM batAyA hai-"pratyakSe sannikarSa vinA bhAnam na sambhavati tathAc sAmAnya lakSaNAm vinA dhUmatvena sakaladhUmAnAm vahnitvena sakalavahnimAm ca bhAnaM kathaM bhavet tadartham sAmAnya lakSaNA svIkriyeta" / nanu sAmAnya lakSaNA svIkAra kara lI jAye to prameyatvarUpa sAmAnya lakSaNAke dvArA samasta prameyoMkA jJAna ho jAnese sarvajJatAkI Apatti ho jAyagI / uttara-prameyatvarUpa sAmAnya lakSaNAke dvaar| sAmAnyataH yAvatprameyakA jJAna honepara bhI ghaTatva pada Adi tad vizeSa dharmoke

Page #63
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna dvArA ghaTa-paTa Adi sakala dharanIrUpa padArtha ajJAta honeke kAraNa sarvajJa doSakI Apatti nahIM hai| isI prakAra jJAna lakSaNA yadi nahIM mAnegeM, to 'surabhi candanam' isa jJAnameM saurabhakA jJAna kaise hogA ? ataH jJAnalakSaNA bhI mAnanA caahie| nanu surabhi candanam yahA~para saurabhatvarUpa sAmAnya lakSaNAke dvArA saurabhakA jJAna sambhava hai, phira jJAna lakSaNa sannikarSakI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? uttara-ukta sthalameM saurabhakI pratIti sAmAnyalakSaNAse honepara bhI saurabhatvakA jJAna lakSaNA dvArA hI sambhava hai / ataH 'surabhi candanam' meM saurabhatvake bhAnake lie jJAna lakSaNAkA mAnanA Avazyaka hai| isI prakAra jahA~ dhUmatva rUpase dhUma paTalakA jJAna huA arthAt 'dhUmatvena dhUlipaTalamahaM jAnAmi' yaha anuvyavasAya huaa| isa anuvyavasAyameM dhUlIpaTalakA bhAna jJAna lakSaNAse hI hogaa| ataH jJAnalakSaNA pratyAsatti sAmAnya lakSaNA pratyAsattise sarvathA bhinna hai| yogaja pratyAsatti ukta donoM sannikarSoMse bhinna hai| yataH-"yogAbhyAsajanitadharmavizeSobhayasahakRtamanasA yuJAnasya sUkSmapadArthaviSayakaM mAnasaM bhvti"| yogaja sannikarSake do bheda mAne gaye haiM yogajo dvividhaH prokto yuktayuJjAnabhedataH / yuktasya sarvadAbhAnaM cintA sahakRto'paraH // arthAt yogaja alaukika sannikarSa do prakAra kA hai-- (1) yukta yogaja alaukika sannikarSa / (2) yuJjAna yogaja alaukika sannikarSa yogaja sannikarSa mUlataH yogAbhyAsase utpanna hotA hai / yaha dharma vizeSa rUpa hai / yogI do prakArake hote haiM, isI kAraNa yogaja sannikarSa bhI do prakAra kA hai / yukta yogIko yogaja dharmakI sahAyatAse AkAza, paramANu Adi samasta padArthoMkA jJAna sarvadA hotA rahatA hai, para yuJjAna yogIko AkAza paramANu Adi samasta padArthoMkA jJAna dhyAna vizeSake karanepara hI hotA hai / isa dhyAna vizeSako cintA vizeSa bhI kahA gayA hai / isa prakAra naiyAyikoMne sannikarSa pramANakA vistAra pUrvaka vicAra kiyA hai| __ jaina naiyAyikoM aura bauddha naiyAyikoMne sannikarSako pramANa rUpa nahIM mAnA hai / jainoMkA abhimata hai ki vastukA jJAna karAne meM sannikarSa sAdhakatama nahIM hai, ataeva vaha pramANa nahIM / anvaya vyatireka samadhigamya kAryakAraNabhAva hI sAdhakatama mAnA gayA hai| arthAt jisake honepara jJAna ho, aura nahIM honepara na ho, use sAdhakatama kahA gayA hai / kintu sannikarSameM yaha bAta nahIM hai / kahIM-kahIM sannikarSa ke honepara bhI jJAna nahIM hotaa| jaise ghaTakI taraha AkAza Adike sAtha bhI cakSukA saMyoga rahatA hai, phira bhI AkAza kA jJAna nahIM hotA hai| ataH jo jahA~ binA kisI vyavadhAnake kArya karatA hai vahI vahA~ sAdhakatama mAnA jAtA hai / jaise-gharameM rakkhe padArthoko prakAzita karanemeM dIpaka / eka jJAna hI aisA hai, jo binA kisI vyavadhAnake apane viSayakI pratIti karAtA hai| ataH vahI pratItimeM sAdhakatama hai| isaliye vahI pramANa 1. siddhAnta muktAvalI, kArikA 65

Page #64
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA hai| sannikarSavAdI naiyAyikoMne isakA samAdhAna karate hue batalAyA hai ki cakSu sannikarSameM ghaTAdikakA jJAna karAnekI yogyatA hai / AkAzAdikA jJAna karAneko yogyatA nahIM hai / ataH vaha AkAzAdikA jJAna nahIM karAtA hai / yaha yogyatA viziSTa zaktikA nAma hai / udyotakarane sahakAriyoMkI nikaTatAko zakti batalAyA hai| aba prazna yaha hai ki sannikarSake sahakArI kAraNa dravya haiM ? guNa haiM athavA karma haiM ? Atmadravya to sahakArI kAraNa ho nahIM sakatA; kyoMki AkAza aura cakSuke sannikarSake samaya AtmA vidyamAna rahatA hai, phira bhI jJAna nahIM hotaa| isIprakAra kAla, dizA Adi bhI sannikarSake sahakArI kAraNa nahIM ho sakate; kyoMki AkAza aura cakSuke sannikarSake samaya ve bhI vidyamAna rahate haiM phira bhI AkAzakA jJAna nahIM hotA / mana bhI sannikarSakA sahAyaka nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki cakSu aura AkAzake sannikarSake samaya puruSakA mana usa ora ho taba bhI AkAzakA jJAna nahIM hotaa| ataH yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM ki AtmA, mana, indriya aura artha ina cAroMkA sannikarSa arthakA jJAna karAne meM sAdhakatama hai; kyoMki yaha saba sAmagrI AkAzake sAtha sannikarSake samaya vidyamAna rahatI hai / yadi kahA jAye ki teja dravya prakAza sannikarSakA sahAyaka hai; kyoMki unake honepara hI A~khoMse jJAna hotA hai to bhI ThIka nahIM; kyoMki gharakI taraha AkAzaka sAtha sannikarSaka samaya prakAzake rahate hue bhI AkAzakA jJAna nahIM hotaa| yadi adaSTa guNako sahAyaka mAnA jAyegA to bhI kabhI na kabhI AkAzakA cakSase jJAna honekA prasaMga upasthita hogA; kyAki sahakArI adaSTa AkAza aura sannikarSake samaya bhI vartamAna rahatA hai| isI prakAra karmako sannikarSakA sahakArI mAnanese bhI vahI doSa AtA hai; kyoMki AkAza aura indriyake sannikarSake samaya bhI cakSukA unmIlana-nimIlana karma cAlU rahatA hai / ataH sahakArI kAraNoMkI sahAyatA rUpa zakti arthakA jJAna karAne meM sAdhaka nahIM hai, kintu jJAtAkA arthako grahaNa kara sakaneko zakti yA yogyatA hI vastukA jJAna karAne meM sAdhakatama hai| vastutaH naiyAyikake matase sannikarSa svayaM pramANa nahIM hai, vaha jisa jJAnako utpanna karatA hai, vaha jJAna hI pramANa hai| jJAnakI utpatti indriya aura padArthake saMyoga honepara hotI hai aura yaha saMyoga kaI prakArase hotA hai| ataeva jo indriyArtha-sannikarSake prati tarka diye jAte haiM, unameMse adhikAMza tarka sArthaka nahIM haiM /

Page #65
jaina-darzanameM zabdakA paudgalikatva pratipAdana prAstAvika zabda aura artha kyA hai ? inakA sambandha hai yA nahIM ? ye nitya haiM yA anitya ? yadi nitya hai to inakA kyA svarUpa hai aura anitya haiM to kyA ? arthatattvakA jJAna kaise aura kyoM hotA hai ? artha-tattvakA nirNaya kisa prakArase aura kina sAdhanoMse kiyA jAtA hai ?-Adi praznoMkA samAdhAna vaiyAkaraNoMke atirikta dArzanikoMne bhI kiyA hai| zabda sudUra prAcIna kAlase hI dArzanikoMke lie vicArakA viSaya rahA hai / jaina darzanakAroMne bhI zabda aura arthattava para paryApta UhA-poha kiyA hai / pramotpattikA pradhAna sAdhana zabda hI hai / ataH isake svarUpa para vicAra karanA darzana zAstrakA eka anivArya aMga hai| svarUpa jaina darzanameM zabdako pudgalakA paryAya yA rUpAntara mAnA gayA hai| isakI utpatti skaMdhoMke paraspara TakarAnese hotI hai| isa lokameM sarvatra pudgalarUpa zabda vargaNAe~, ati sUkSma aura avyAhata rUpase bharI huI haiN| hama apane muMhase tAlvAdike prayatna dvArA vAyu vizeSakA nissaraNa karate hai, yahI vAyu pudgala-vargaNAoMse TakarAtI hai, jisase zabdakI utpatti ho jAtI hai| prameya-kamala-mArtaNDameM zabdake AkAza guNatvakA nirAkaraNa karate hue batalAyA gayA hai ki paramANuoMke saMyogarUpa skandhoM-zabdavargaNAoMke sarvatra sarvadA vidyamAna rahanepara bhI ye vargaNAe~ zabda rUpa tabhI pariNamana karatI haiM, jaba arthabodhakI icchA se utpanna prayatnase prerita paraspara gharSaNa hotA hai| vAdyadhvani tathA megha Adiko garjanA bhI vargaNAoMke gharSaNa kA hI phala hai / kundakunda svAmIne zabda svarUpakA vivecana karate hue likhA hai| sado khaMdhappabhavo khaMdho prmaannusNgsNghaado| puDhesu tesu jAyadi saddo uppAdigo NiyamA ||-pNcaastikaay, gAthA 79 zabda skandhase utpanna hotA hai / aneka paramANuoMke bandhako skandha kahate haiM / ina skandhoMke paraspara TakarAnese zabdakI utpatti hotI hai / saMskRta TIkAkAra amRtacandrAcAryane spaSTa karate hue likhA hai : ataH yaha siddha hai ki zabda pudgalakA paryAya hai-pudgala svarUpa hai aura isakI utpatti skandhoMke paraspara TakarAnese hotI hai / jaba zabda pudgalakA paryAya hai to yaha kisa guNake vikArase utpanna hotA hai; kyoMki pratyeka paryAya guNoMkI vikRti-parivartanase utpanna hotA hai / pudgalameM pradhAna cAra guNa hote hai-rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza / zabda sparza guNa ke vikArase utpanna hotA hai / bhASA vargaNAeM jo pudgala rUpa haiM, unameM pudgalake cAroM pradhAna guNoMke rahanepara bhI sparza guNake parivartanase zabdako utpatti hotI hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki zabda karNa indriyase sparza karanepara hI arthabodhakA kAraNa banatA hai / Ajake vijJAnane (Sound) dhvanikI utpattike sambandhameM jo prakriyA prastuta

Page #66
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA kI hai, usase bhI uparyukta kathanakI siddhi hotI hai| vijJAna dhvanikI utpattimeM 'kampana' ko Avazyaka mAnatA hai / yaha kampana sparza guNake parivartanase hI sambhava hai| jaina dArzanikoMne zabdako gatimAna, sthitimAna aura mUrtika mAnA hai| parIkSaNase bhI ukta tInoM guNa zabdameM siddha haiM / ata zabda pudgalakA paryAya hai aura sparza guNake vikArase utpanna hotA hai tathA isameM pudgalake cAroM guNoMmeMse sparza guNa hI pradhAna rUpase vyaktAvasthAmeM pAyA jAtA hai / nityAnityatva mImAMsakakA kahanA hai ki zabdako anitya mAnanese arthako pratIti sambhava nahIM; kintu zabdase arthakI pratIti hotI hai, ataH zabda nitya hai / zabda nitya na ho to svArthakA vAcaka nahIM ho sakatA hai| zabdameM vAcakatva aura arthameM vAcyatva-zakti hai, ataH zabda aura arthameM vAcyavAcaka sambandha hai / yaha sambandha pratyakSa, anumAna aura AgamAdi pramANoMse siddha hai| udAharaNake lie yoM kaha sakate haiM ki hamane kisI vyaktise pAnI lAneko khaa| zabda anitya hotA to pAnI zabda kahaneke sAtha hI naSTa ho jAtA aura zrotAko arthakI pratIti hI nahIM hotI tathA hama pyAse hI bane rahate aura sunanevAlA hameM kabhI bhI pAnI lAkara nahIM detaa| para yaha saba hotA nahIM hai, zrotA hamAre kahaneke sAtha hI artha bodha kara letA hai aura jisa arthameM jisa zabdakA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai zrotA usakI kriyAko bhI sampanna kara detA hai| ataeva zabda nitya hai, anyathA arthabodha nahIM ho sakatA thaa| anitya zabda se arthakI pratIti, pravRtti aura prApti asambhava hai| _ 'yaha ghaTa hai' isa zabdakI sadRzatA isI prakArake vibhinna dezavartI zabdoMmeM pAyI jAtI hai, ataH yaha sadRzatA arthakA vAcaka ho jAyagI, nityatA nahIM-yaha AzaMkA bhI nirarthaka hai, ataH zabda sadRzatAse arthakA vAcaka nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki zabdameM vAcakatva ekatvase sambhava hai, sadRzatAse nahIM / na sAdRzya pratyabhijJAnase arthakA nizcaya kiyA jA sakatA hai; kyoMki aisA mAnanese zabda-jJAnameM bhrAnti-doSa AyagA / eka zabdameM saMketa honepara dUsare zabdase arthakA nizcaya ninti nahIM ho sakatA; anyathA gRhIta saMketa gozabdameM azva zabdase gAya arthakA nizcaya bhI abhrAnta ho jAyagA / yadi zabdake avayavoMke sAmyase zabdameM sadRzatA svIkAra kI jAya to yaha bhI asaMgata hogA; kyoMki varNa niravayava hote haiM / gatvase viziSTa gAdi zabdoMmeM bhI vAcakatva nahIM bana sakatA hai; yataH gAdi sAmAnyakA abhAva hai aura sAmAnyake abhAvake kAraNa zabdoM meM nAnAtva bhI sambhava nhiiN| ataeva nitya zabda dvArA hI arthabodha ho sakatA hai| pataMjaline 'Rlak' sUtrakI vyAkhyAmeM jAtivAcaka, guNavAcaka, kriyAvAcaka aura yadRcchA zabdoMkA vivecana karate hue jAti zabdoMko nitya; kriyAvAcaka zabdoMko atyanta sUkSma aura apratyakSa; guNavAcaka zabdoMko avyavahArya aura svAnubhUti-saMvedya evaM yadRcchA zabdoMko lokavyavahArakA hetu mAnA hai / yadRcchA zabda bhautika haiM, ye nitya nahIM; pratikSaNa parivartanazIla haiN| kaiyaTane isI sUtrakI vyAkhyAmeM yadRcchA zabdake atirikta anya kisIkA astitva svIkAra nahIM kiyA / ye ise mAyA, avidyA aura ajJAnakA hI prapaMca mAnate haiM /

Page #67
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna naiyAyika aura vaizeSika zabdako anitya mAnane haiM / unakA siddhAnta hai ki utpattike tRtIya kSaNameM zabdakA dhvaMsa ho jAtA hai; yaha AkAzakA guNavizeSa hai / laukika vyavahArameM varNase bhinna nAda dhvaniko hI zabda kahA jAtA hai / 22 bauddha apoha - anya nivRtti rUpa zabdako mAnatA hai tathA isa darzana meM zabdako anitya mAnA gayA hai / prabhAkarane zabdakI do sthitiyA~ mAnI haiM- dhvani rUpa aura varNa rUpa / donoM rUpa AkAzake guNa haiM / inameM dhvanyAtmaka zabda anitya haiM aura varNAtmaka zabda nitya / jaina darzana meM uparyukta sabhI darzanoMkI AlocanA karate hue zabdako nityAnityAtmaka mAnA gayA hai| tathya yaha hai ki jaina darzanameM vicAra karanekI do paddhatiyA~ haiM - dravyAthika naya yA dravyadRSTi aura paryAyArthika yA paryAyadRSTi / kisI bhI vastukA vicAra karate samaya uparyukta donoM dRSTiyoM meM se jaba eka dRSTi pradhAna rahatI hai taba dUsarI dRSTi gauNa aura dUsarIke pradhAna honese para pahalI gauNa ho jAtI hai / ataH dravya dRSTise vicAra karanepara zabda kathaJcit nitya siddha hotA hai; kyoMki dravya rUpa zabda vargaNAe~ sarvadA vidyamAna rahatI haiM aura paryAyadRSTikI apekSAse zabda kathaJcit anitya haiM; kyoMki vyakti vizeSa jina zabdoMkA uccAraNa karatA hai, ve usI samaya yA usake kucha samaya pazcAt naSTa ho jAte haiM / jaina dArzanikoMne paryAyApekSA bhI zabdako itanA kSaNa - vidhvaMsI nahIM mAnA hai, jisase vaha zrotAke kAna taka hI nahIM pahu~ca sake aura bIca meM hI naSTa ho jAya / eka hI zabdakI sthiti kathaJcit nityAnityAtmaka ho sakatI hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina dArzanikoMne zabdako ekAnta rUpase nitya yA anitya mAnanevAle pakSoMkA tarka saMgata nirAkaraNa kiyA hai| kumArila bhaTTake nityapakSakI AlocanA karate hue prabhAcandrane batalAyA hai ki arthake vAcakatva ke lie zabdako nitya mAnanA anupayukta hai; kyoMki zabdake nityatva ke binA anityatvase bhI arthakA pratipAdana sambhava hai / jaise anitya dhUmAdise sadRzatA ke kAraNa parvata aura rasoIghara meM agnikA jJAna ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra gRhIta saMketavAle anitya zabdase bhI sadRzatA ke kAraNa arthakA pratipAdana sambhava hai / yadi kAryakAraNa evaM sadRzatA sambandhoM ko vastupratipAdaka na mAnA jAya aura kevala nityatAko hI pradhAnatA do jAya to sarvatra sabhI padArthoMko nityatvApatti ho jAyagI / ataeva kumArilabhaTTane jo zabdako nitya mAnA hai tathA zabdakI utpatti na mAnakara usakA AvirbhAva evaM tirobhAva mAnA hai, vaha sadoSa hai| tarka dvArA zabda kathaJcit nityAnityAtmaka hI siddha hotA hai / zabdakI utpatti hotI hai, abhivyakti nahIM / artha - pratipatti jaina dArzanikoMne artha meM vAcya rUpa aura zabdoMmeM vAcaka rUpa eka svAbhAvika yogyatA mAnI hai / isa yogyatAke kAraNa hI saMketAdike dvArA zabda satya arthakA jJAna karAte haiM / ghaTa zabdameM kambugrIvAdivAle ghar3eko kahanekI zakti hai aura usa ghar3e meM kahe jAne kI zakti hai / jisa vyaktiko isa prakArakA saMketa grahaNa ho jAtA hai ki ghaTa zabda isa prakArake ghaTa arthako kahatA hai, vaha vyakti ghaTa zabdake zravaNa mAtrase hI jalAdhAraNa kriyAko karanevAle ghaTa padArtha kA bodha prApta kara letA hai / AcArya mANikyanandine artha pratipattikA nirdeza karate hue kahA hai

Page #68
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA . 23 sahajayogyatAsaMketavazAddhi zabdAdayo vastupratipattihetavaH-parIkSAmukha 3.96 prabhAcandane zabda aura arthake vAstavika sambandhako siddhimeM upasthita kiye gaye tarkokA uttara dete hue likhA hai ki yaha satya hai ki arthajJAnake vibhinna sAdhanoMse arthakA jJAna samAna rUpase spaSTa nahIM hotA; koI adhika spaSTa rUpase vastukA jJAna karAte haiM aura koI nahIM / agni zabdase utanA agnikA spaSTa jJAna nahIM hotA; jitanA ki agnike jalanese utpanna dAhakA / sAdhanake bhedase spaSTa yA aspaSTa jJAna hotA hai, viSayake bhedase nahIM / ataH spaSTa jJAna karAnevAle sAdhanase jJAta padArthako asatya nahIM kaha sakate / sAdhakake bhedase eka hI zabda vibhinna arthoM ke prakaTa karanekI yogyatA rakhatA hai / zabda aura arthakI isa svAbhAvika yogyatApara mImAMsakane Apatti prastuta kI hai ki zabda-arthameM yaha svAbhAvikI yogyatA nitya hai yA anitya ? prathama pakSameM anavasthA dUSaNa AyegA aura dvitIya pakSameM siddha sAdhyatApatti ho jaaygii| isa zaMkAkA samAdhAna karate hue batAyA gayA hai ki hasta, netra, aMgulI saMjJA sambandhakI taraha zabdakA sambandha anitya honepara bhI arthakA bodha karAnemeM pUrNa samartha haiN| hasta, saMjJAdikA apane arthake sAtha sambandha nitya nahIM hai, kyoMki hasta, saMjJAdi svayaM anitya haiM, ataH inake Azrita rahanevAlA sambandha nitya kaise ho sakatA hai / jisa prakAra dIvAlapara aMkita citra dIvAlake rahanepara rahatA hai aura dIvAlake gira jAnepara naSTa ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra zabdake rahanepara svAbhAvika yogyatAke kAraNa arthabodha hotA hai aura zabdAbhAvameM arthabodha nahIM hotA / mImAMsakake samasta AkSepoMkA uttara prabhAcandrane tarkapUrNa diyA hai| bhartRharine apane vAkyapadIyameM zabda aura arthakI vibhinna zaktiyoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| prabhAcandrane prameyakamalamArtaNDameM zabda aura arthakI svAbhAvika yogyatAkA nirUpaNa karate hue bhartRharike siddhAntakI vistRta AlocanA kI hai / zabda aura arthakA sambandha jaina-darzana zabdake sAtha arthakA tAdAtmya sambandha mAnatA hai| yaha svAbhAvika hai tathA kathaJcit nityAnityAtmaka hai| ina donoMmeM pratipAdya-pratipAdaka zakti hai| jisa prakAra jJAna aura jJeyameM jJApya-jJApaka zakti hai, usI prakAra zabda aura arthameM yogyatAke atirikta anya koI kArya-kAraNa Adi sambandha bhAva nahIM hai| zabda aura arthameM yogyatAkA sambandha honepara hI saMketa hotA hai / saMketa dvArA hI zabda vastujJAnake sAdhana banate haiN| itanI vizeSatA hai ki yaha sambandha nitya nahIM hai tathA isakI siddhi pratyakSa, anumAna aura arthApatti ina tInoM pramANoM dvArA hotI hai / jaina dArzanikoMne nityasambandha, anitya sambandha evaM sambandhAbhAvakA bar3e joradAra zabdoMmeM nirAkaraNa kiyA hai| prameyakamalamArtaNDameM prabhAcandrane jo vistRta samAlocanA kI hai, usIke AdhArapara thor3A-sA isa sambandhameM vivecana kara denA, aprAsaMgika na hogaa| vaiyAkaraNa arthabodha zabdase na mAnakara zabdako abhivyakta karanevAlI sAmUhika dhvani vizeSase hI artha-bodha mAnate haiM aura isIkA nAma unhoMne sphoTavAda rakhA hai| isakA kahanA hai sambandhAvagamazca pramANatrayasampAdyAH-prameyakamalamArtaNDa pR0 116 /

Page #69
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna ki arthameM nizcita vAcya zakti hai aura usakA vAcaka sphoTa hai / yadi vargoM meM vAcakatva zakti svIkAra kI jAya to voM meM yaha vAcakatva zakti na to unake samUhapanese sambhava ho sakatI hai na pRthakpanese / pRthakpaneke mArgako svIkAra karane meM 'gauH' zabdameMse 'ga' varNa hI gAya padArthakA vAcaka ho jaaygaa| 'auM' aura visargakA uccAraNa niSphala hI hogaa| yadi sAmUhika varNoMko arthabodhaka mAnA jAyagA to varNoM kI sAmUhikatA hI eka kAlameM kaise sambhava ho sakegI ? kyoMki varNa anitya haiN| unakA uccAraNa kramazaH hotA hai tathA inake uccAraNa sthAna bhI nizcita haiM aura ye uccAraNa sthAna eka sAtha apanA kAma nahIM karate haiM / ataH sAmUhika varNa arthabodha ke hetu nahIM ho skte| _ anugrAhya aura anugrAhaka sambandhakI okSA bhI vargoM meM vAcakatva zakti siddha nahIM ho sakatI; ataH anugrAhya-anugrAhaka sambandha mUrtameM hotA hai arthAt anugrAhya vastu aura anugrAhaka vastu donoMke sadbhAvameM yaha niyama ghaTita hotA hai| inameMse prathamake sadbhAvameM aura dvitIyake abhAvameM yA dvitIyake sadbhAvameM aura prathamake abhAvameM yaha niyama kisa taraha kAryakArI ho sakegA? ga, au aura visargameM 'ga' 'au' pUrva varNa haiM aura visarga para varNa hai| inameM pUrva varNa 'ga' 'au' ina donoMkA para varNa visargakI sadbhAva avasthAmeM abhAva hai / ataH uparyukta sambandha voM meM nahIM hai| pUrva varNa aura antya varNameM janya-janaka sambandha bhI nahIM hai, jisake AdhArapara para pUrva varNa aura antya varNakA sambandha mAnakara varNoMkI sAmUhikatA eka kAlameM eka sAtha bana sake aura usa sAmUhikatAkI apekSA varNa arthake vAcaka ho sakeM / anyathA varNase varNakI utpatti hone lgegii| sahakArya-sahakArI sambandhako apekSA bhI pUrva varNa aura antya vargoM kA sadbhAva eka sAtha eka kAlameM nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai; yataH vidyamAnoMmeM hI yaha sambandha hotA hai / antya varNake samayameM pUrva varNa avidyamAna hai, phira isa sambandhakI kalpanA inameM kaise sambhava hai / jisa prakAra yaha sambandha vargoM meM sambhava nahIM, usI prakAra pUrva varNa-jJAna aura pUrva varNajJAnotpanna saMskArameM bhI nahIM bana sakatA hai| kyoMki pUrva varNajJAnotpanna saMskAra pUrva varNa jJAnake viSayakI smRtimeM kAraNa ho sakatA hai, anyameM nahIM / varNajJAnotpanna saMskArase utpanna smRtiyA~ bhI antyavarNakI sahAyatA nahIM kara sakatI, yataH unakI utpatti bhI eka sAtha sambhava nhiiN| kramazaH utpanna smRtiyoMkI utpatti bhI asambhava hai| yadi sampUrNa saMskAroMse utpanna eka smRti antyavarNako sahAyatA karatI hai, yaha mAnA jAya to virodhI ghaTapadArtha aneka padArthoke anubhavase utpanna saMskAra bhI eka smRtijanaka ho jaayeNge| nirapekSa varNa padArthavAcaka nahIM ho sakate haiN| kyoMki pUrva varNoMkA uccAraNa nirarthaka ho jAyagA / ataH kisI bhI sambandhameM aisI zakti nahIM hai jisase gauH Adi zabdoM dvArA gavAdi arthokI pratIti ho sake / para, arthakI pratIti zabdoM dvArA dekhI jAtI hai; ataH sphoTa nAmakI zakti hI arthabodhakA kAraNa hai| sphoTavAdI zabdako brahmasvarUpa mAnate haiM / yahI jJAna, jJAtA aura zreya rUpa hai / sphoTako bhI nitya, akhaNDa, anivarcanIya aura nirlepa mAnA gayA hai| jaina darzanakAroMne isa sphoTavAdako vistRta samIkSA karate hue batAyA hai ki e kakA abhAva anya vastuke sadbhAvakA kAraNa hotA hai / yaha kAraNa upAdAna ho athavA nimitta, para

Page #70
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA 25 kAryotpatti meM sahAyaka avazya rahatA hai / pratyeka kArya upAdAna aura nimitta donoM prakAra ke kAraNoMse utpanna hotA hai / valiSTha upAdAna bhI akelA taba taka kArya utpanna nahIM kara sakatA hai, jaba taka nimitta sahAyatA nahIM karatA hai / zabda kI antima dhvani artha pratItimeM upAdAna kAraNa hai, para yaha upAdAna apane sahAkArI pUrva varNakI apekSA karatA hai / yadyapi antya varNake samaya meM pUrva varNakA sadbhAva nahIM hai, phira bhI zrUyamANa pUrva varNakA abhAva to antya varNake samaya meM vidyamAna hai / isa abhAvakI sahAyatAse antyavarNa artha - pratItimeM pUrNa samartha hai / jaise AmravRkSa kI zAkhApara lagA huA Ama apane bhArake kAraNa svayaM girakara athavA dUsare kisI kAraNase cyuta honepara vaha apanA saMyoga pRthvIse sthApita karatA hai / isa saMyogameM usake pUrva : saMyoga kA abhAva kAraNa hai; anyathA pRthvIse usakA saMyoga ho hI nahIM sakatA / ataeva pUrva varNa- jJAna ke abhAva se viziSTa athavA pUrva varNajJAnotpanna saMskArakI sahAyatAse antyavarNa arthakI pratIti karA detA hai / pUrva varNa vijJAnotpanna saMskAra pravAhase antyavarNakI sahAyatAko prApta karatA hai / prathama varNa aura usase utpanna jJAnase saMskArakI utpatti hotI hai; dvitIya varNakA jJAna aura usase prathama varNa jJAnotpanna saMskArase viziSTa saMskAra utpanna hotA hai / isI prakAra antya saMskAra taka krama calatA rahatA hai / ataeva isa antya saMskArakI sahAyatAse antyavarNa arthakI pratIti meM janaka hotA hai / zabdArtha kI prApti meM sabase pramukha kAraNa kSayopazama rUpa zakti hai, isI zakti ke kAraNa pUrvApara utpanna varNajJAnotpanna saMskAra smRtiko utpanna karatA hai, jisakI sahAyatAsa antyavarNa artha-pratItikA kAraNa banatA hai / isI prakAra vAkya aura pada bhI artha pratIti meM sahAyaka hote haiM / jaina darzanameM kathaJcittAdAtmya lakSaNa sambandha zabda aura arthakA mAnA gayA hai, jisase sphoTavAdIke dvArA uThAyI gayI zaMkAoM ko yahA~ sthAna hI nahIM / bhadrabAhu svAmIne bhI zabda aura arthake isa sambandhakI vivecanA karate hue kahA hai- abhihANaM abhiyAu hoi bhinnaM abhinnaM ca / khura aggimoyaguccAraNammi jamhA uvayaNasavaNaNaM // 1 // vicchedo na vi dAho na pUraNaM tena bhinnaM tu / jamhAya moyaguccAraNammibhatattheva paccao hoI // 2 // naya hoi sa annatthe teNa abhinnaM tadatthAo / -- nyAyAvatAra pR0 13 zabda -- abhidhAna artha - abhidheyase bhinna aura abhinna donoM hI hai / cUMki khura, after aura modaka inakA uccAraNa karanese vaktAke mu~ha aura zrotAke kAna naSTa yA jala yA bhara nahIM jAte haiM, isaliye to arthase zabda kathaJcidbhinna haiM 'modaka' arthameM hI jJAna hotA hai aura kisI kathaJcit bhinna hai | padArtha meM nahIM hotA. zabda ke bheda zabdake mUlataH do bheda haiM-- bhASA rUpa prakArakA hai- -akSara rUpa aura anakSara rUpa / manuSyoMke aura cUMki 'modaka' zabdase isaliye apane arthase zabda aura abhASA rUpa / bhASA rUpa zabda bhI do vyavahAra meM AnevAlI aneka boliyA~

Page #71
26 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna akSararUpa bhASAtmaka zabda hai aura pazupakSiyoMkI TeM TeM, maiM-maiM anakSara rUpa bhASAtmaka zabda haiM / abhASA rUpa zabda ke do bheda haiM- prAyogika aura svAbhAvika / jo zabda puruSa prayatnase utpanna hotA hai use prAyogika aura jo binA puruSa prayatnake meghAdikI garjanAse hotA hai use svAbhAvika kahate haiM / prAyogikake cAra bheda haiM-tata, vitata, ghana aura suSirA camar3eko mar3hakara Dhola, nagAre AdikA jo zabda hotA hai, vaha tata hai / sitAra, piyAno aura tAnapurA Adike zabdako vitata ghaNTA, jhAlara Adike zabdako ghana evaM vA~surI, zaMkha Adike zabdako suSira kahate haiM / upasaMhAra jaina darzana meM zabdako mahatvapUrNa sthAna prApta hai / isake binA pramA hI saMbhava nahIM tathA sarvajJa vacanoMkI pramANatAke abhAva meM Agama bhI pramANa nahIM ho sakegA / zabdako jaina dArzanikoMne AkAza guNa nahIM mAnA hai, pratyuta paudgalika siddha kiyA hai / zabdakI siddhi anekAntake dvArA mAnI hai / pUjyapAdane apane vyAkaraNake Arambha meM-- 'siddhiranekAntAt ' sUtra likhA hai, jisakI vRtti likhate hue somadevane batalAyA hai - "siddhiH zabdAnAM niSpattirjJAptirvA bhavatyanekAntAt, astitva - nAstitvatya nityatvAnitva vizeSaNavizeSyAdyAtmakatvAt dRSTeSTapramANAviruddhatvAt arthAt zabdoMkI siddhi anekAntake dvArA ho sakatI hai / ataH pratyeka zabda meM nityatva anityatva, astitva, nAstitva, vizeSaNa, vizeSyatva Adi aneka virodhI aura avirodhI dharma pAye jAte haiM / jaina darzana zabdake artha vikAsa prasArameM svAbhAvika yogyatAko hI kAraNa mAnatA hai; parantu deza, kAla Adike prabhAva ke kAraNa zabdake arthameM uttarottara vistAra hotA rahatA hai / vidyAnanda svAmIne pudgala skandha rUpa zabdakI siddhi saMkSepameM nimna prakAra kI hai na zabdaH khaguNo bAhyakaraNajJAnagocaraH / siddho gaMdhAdivannaiva somUrtadravyamapyataH // na sphoTAtmApi tasyaiva svabhAvasyApratItitaH / zabdAtmanassadA nAnA svabhAvasyAvabhAsanAt // antaHprakAzarUpastu zabde sphoTo pare dhvaniH / yathArthagatihetuH syAttathA gaMdhAditoparaH // bandharUparasasparzaH sphoTaH kiM nopagamyate / tatrAkSepasamAdhAna samatvAtsarvathArthataH // ata: jaina darzanane zabdako AkAza guNa na mAnakara paudgalika mAnA hai tathA zabda aura arthakA kathaJcit tAdAtmya sambandha siddha kiyA hai / sphoTa dvArA arthabodha nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki varNa, dhvani, pada aura vAkyakA sphoTa kisI bhI dazAmeM sambhava nahIM /

Page #72
candraprabhacarita kAvyameM tattvopaplavavAda-samIkSA vIranandi dvArA racita candraprabha eka kAvya grantha hai, para prasaMga vaza isa kAvyameM kaI dArzanika mAnyatAoMkI samIkSA bhI kI gayo hai| yahA~ hama anya dArzanika siddhAntoMkI AlocanAna kara, kevala tattvopaplavavAdako samIkSA para hI vicAra-vinimaya kreNge| cArvAka darzanake vibhinna rUpoMmeM eka tattvopaplavavAda bhI hai| yaha bhUta caitanyavAdI cArvAkase bhI nAstikatAmeM Age hai / bhUta caitanyavAdI kamase kama bhUtacatuSTayakA astitva svIkAra karatA hai tathA usakI siddhike lie eka pratyakSa pramANa bhI mAnatA hai, kintu tattvopaplavavAdI to kisI bhI tattvakA astitva svIkAra nahIM krtaa| usake matameM samasta prameyatattva aura pratyakSAdi pramANatattva upapluta-bAdhita haiN| ataH jIvAdi tattva mAnanA evaM Atmazuddhike lie puruSArtha karanA vyartha hai / jo vastu pramANa siddha hai hI nahIM, usakI sAdhanA karanA bAlukA kaNoMmeMse tela nikAlaneke samAna niSphala hai / tattvopaplavavAdI' pUrvapakSakI sthApanA karatA huA kahatA hai ki pramANase siddha honevAlA jIva nAmakA koI padArtha nahIM hai / ataeva jIvake Azrayase siddha honevAlA ajIva padArtha bhI kaise mAnya ho sakatA hai| ye donoM parasparameM eka dUsarekI apekSA rakhate haiN| sthUla aura sUkSma dharmoke samAna eka dUsareke Azrita haiM / ataeva Azrayake abhAvameM AzrayI aura AzrayIke na rahanese AzrayakI sthiti sambhava nahIM hai / jaba jIva nahIM hai, to jIvake karmabandha aura mokSAdi kisa prakAra ghaTita ho sakate haiM / yataH dharmakI sthiti dharmImeM hI hotI hai / ___tArkika dRSTise vicAra karanepara jIvAdi padArthoMkA na to AkArika (Formal) satya upalabdha hotA hai aura na vAstavika hI (Material) dRzyamAna jagatke padArtha na to paramatama satya haiM, na vyAvahArika satya aura na laukika hI / vicAra karate hI padArthoMkA svarUpa upaplutabAdhita hone lagatA hai aura jaba tattva svarUpa hI upapluta hai to phira anumAnAdi pramANoMkA svarUpa kisa prakAra sthira raha sakegA? vaha to vicAra karate hI jIrNa vastrake samAna khaNDita ho jAtA hai| jisa anumAna yA tarka dvArA prameyoMkI siddhi kI jAtI hai, vaha anumAna saMzayAspada athavA mithyA hotA hai, ataeva mithyAse satyako siddhi kabhI bhI sambhava nahIM hai| jaba pratyakSa 1. keciditthaM yataH prAhurnAstikAmamAzritAH / na jIvaH kazcidapyasti padArtho mAnagocaraH / ajIvazca kathaM jIvApekSyastasyAtyaye bhavet / anyonyApekSayA tau hi sthUlasUkSmAviva sthitau / / kathaJca jIvadharmAH syurbandhamokSAdayastataH / sati dharmiNi dharmI hi bhavanti na tadatyaye // tasmAdupaplutaM sarva tattvaM tiSThatu saMvRttam / prasAryamANaM zatadhA zIryate jIrNavastravat ||-cndrprbhcritm 2/44-47

Page #73
28 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna jJAna bAdhita hai, taba apratyakSa yA asAkSAt jJAnake satya honekA dAvA kisI kisI prakAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| tattvopaplavavAdI cArvAkakA ukta kathana Adhunika tarka zAstrake 'paryApta kAraNa niyama' (law of Surfficicnt rcason) para AdhRta hai| koI bhI satya yA tathya paryApta kAraNoMke binA siddha nahIM hotA hai| pramANa-prameyake astitvakI siddhi meM paryApta kAraNoMkA abhAva dikhalAyI par3atA hai, ataH sabhI tatva upapluta haiM / aneka matAvalambI' jIvako svIkAra karate haiM, para usake svarUpake sambandhameM paryApta matabheda hai| viparIta dhAraNAoMke madhya kisake vicArako yathArtha samajhA jAya / sAMkhya jIvako trikAla bhUta, bhaviSyat aura vartamAnameM vyApta evaM avinAzI mAnate haiN| mImAMsaka jIvako kartavya zaktihIna, naiyAyika ajJAnamaya aura bauddha jIvako vijJAnamaya mAnate haiM / vibhinna matAvalambiyoMkI parasparameM vyAghAtaka mAnyatAeM hI jIvakA abhAva siddha karanemeM sahAyaka haiN| Adhunika tarkake madhyavartI niSedha-niyamake (law of excluded middle) anusAra do vyAdhAtaka padoMke bIca tIsare padake lie koI sthAna nahIM ho sakatA / do virodhI tarka eka sAtha na to satya ho sakate haiM aura na asatya hI / ataeva jIvake svarUpake sambandhameM kiye gaye virodhI vicAra jIvakA abhAva batalAte haiM / ___ yahAM tattvopaplavavAdI tattvadAdiyoMse prazna karatA hai ki jo tattva-pramANa tattva aura prameya tattva Apa mAnate haiM, ve pramANa siddha hai athavA binA pramANake / yadi pramANa siddha haiM, to vaha pramANa bhI kisI anya pramANase siddha hogaa| isa prakAra praznAntara honese anavasthA doSa AyagA, jisase pramANa tattvakI siddhi sambhava nahIM / yadi yaha kahA jAya ki prathama pramANa dvitIya pramANakA vyavasthApaka hai aura dvitIya prathamakA to yaha kathana bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki usa mAnyatAmeM anyonyAzraya doSa AtA hai / yadi pramANa kI pramANatA svayaM hI vyavasthita mAnI jAya to samasta pramANavAdiyoMke yahAM koI vivAda uThanepara usakI vyavasthA pramANa dvArA svIkAra karane meM pUrvavat anyonyAzraya doSa aaygaa| yadi pramANake binA hI pramANatattvakI siddhi mAnI jAya to tattvopaplavakI siddhi bhI binA pramANake mAna lene meM kyA hAni hai / tattvavAdIkA yaha tarka bhI samIcIna nahIM ki vicArake bAda pramANAditattvakI vyavasthA hotI hai aura vicAra jisa kisI taraha kiye jAnepara upAlambhake yogya nahIM hai / anyathA kisI vacanakA prayoga hI nahIM ho skegaa| isa prakArako vicAra prakriyAkA saMyojana tatvopaplavameM bhI sambhava hai| 1. jovamanye prapadyApi taddharma prativAdinaH / vivadante prabandhena vividhAgamavAsitAH ||-cndrprbh caritam 2/48 2. parasya siddhaM pramANaM tadabhAvaviSayamiti cet tat parasya pramANataH siddhaM pramANAntareNa vA ? yadi pramANataH siddha nAnAtmasiddhaM nAma, pramANasiddhasya nAnAtmanAM vAdi-prativAdinAM siddhatvAvizeSAt / .... aSTasahasrI, pR0 37

Page #74
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA pramANakA prAmANya kisa prakAra sthira kiyA jAtA hai'-(1) nirdoSa kAraNa samudAyake utpanna honese (2) bAdhA rahita honese (3) pravRtti sAmathryase athavA (4) avisaMvAdI honese / prathama pakSa asamIcIna hai, kyoMki kAraNoMkI nirdoSatA kisa pramANase jAnI jaaygii| pratyakSa aura anumAnAdise nirdoSatA nahIM mAnI jA sakatI hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki cakSurAdi indriyAM guNa aura doSa donoMkA Azraya hai, ataH inase utpanna honevAle jJAnameM doSoMkI AzaMkAkI nivRtti nahIM ho sakatI hai| yadi doSa-nivRttike hetu anya pramANako kAraNa mAnA jAyagA to anavasthA aura cakraka doSakA prasaMga AyegA / dvitIya pakSa bhI asamIcIna hai / yataH bAdhakoMkI utpattike abhAvameM pramANatA mAnanepara mithyA jJAna bhI kucha samaya taka pramANa ho sakatA hai| kyoMki kabhI-kabhI bahata kAla taka mithyA pratItimeM bhI bAdhakoMkI utpatti nahIM hotii| ataH bAdhaka utpatti rahita honese pra prAmANya sthira nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai / yadi sarvadAke lie bAdhakakA abhAva prAmANyakA kAraNa mAnA jAya, to bAdhakake abhAvakA nizcaya kisa prakAra hogA? eka dUsarI bAta yaha bhI hai ki kisI ekakI bAdhAkI utpattikA abhAva pramANatAkA kAraNa hai athavA sabhIkI bAdhAkI utpattikA abhAva pramANatAkA kAraNa hai| prathama vikalpa svIkAra karanepara viparyaya jJAnameM bhI kisI-kisIko bAdhAkI utpatti nahIM hotI / ataH vaha bhI pramANa ho jaaygaa| sabhIkI bAdhAkI utpattikA abhAva bhI artha jJAnameM pramANatAkA kAraNa nahIM hai / kyoMki kisoko bAdhAkI utpatti nahIM bhI hotI hai| tathA sabhIko bAdhAkI utpatti nahIM hogI, ise alpajJAnI kaise jAna sakegA ? / pravRtti-sAmarthya dvArA bhI pramANake prAmANyakA nizcaya nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| kyoMki isameM anavasthA doSa AtA hai / hama pUchate haiM ki pravRtti-sAmarthya hai kyA ? yadi phalake sAtha sambandha honekA nAma pravRtti-sAmarthya hai to batalAie vaha sambandha jJAta hokara jJAnakI pramANatAkA nizcaya karAtA hai yA ajJAta rahakara / ajJAta rahakara to vaha jJAnake prAmANyakA nizcAyaka nahIM ho sakatA hai ? anyathA koI bhI ajJAna kisIkA bhI nizcAyaka ho jaaygaa| yaha sArvajanIna siddhAnta hai ki ajJAna jJApaka nahIM hotA / yadi jJAta hokara jJAnake prAmANyakA nizcAyaka hai to yaha vikalpa utpanna hotA hai ki usakA jJAna usI pramANase hotA hai yA anya pramANase / prathama pakSa asat hai, anyonyAzraya doSa utpanna honeke kAraNa / dvitIya vikalpa mAnanepara cakraka doSa AtA hai| __yadi sajAtIya jJAnako utpanna karanekA nAma pravRtti-sAmarthya mAnA jAya to yaha kathana bhI bhrAmaka hai| ataH sajAtIya jJAnako pramANatA kA nizcaya prathama jJAnase mAnanepara anyonyAzraya aura anya pramANase mAnanepara anavasthAdoSa AtA hai| isa prakAra pramANakA lakSaNa utpanna na hone se prameya tattvakI siddhikA abhAva svataH ho jAtA hai / ata eva pramANa-prameya sabhI upapluta-bAdhita haiN| 1. kimaduSTakArakasandohotpAdyatvena, AhosvidbAdhA rahitatvena, pravRttisAmarthyena, anyathA vA ?-jayarAzi-tattvopallavasiMha, oriyanTala insTIcyUTa, bar3audA, san 1940, pR0 2

Page #75
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna 30 uttara pakSa- samIkSA tattvopaplavavAdIkA yaha kathana sarvathA nirAdhAra hai ki jIvasiddhi kisI bhI pramANase sambhava nahIM / AstikavAdI dArzanikoMne jIvake nAstitva dharmakI siddhi ke lie jo anupalabdha hetu diyA hai, vaha niHsAra hai, kyoMki pratyeka prANImeM jIvake honekA pramANa svasaMvadena rUpa jJAnake dvArA siddha hotA hai / maiM sukhI hU~, dukhI hU~ Adi anubhava svasaMvedana gocara hai / ataH pratyeka prANImeM AtmatattvakI anubhUti hotI hai / ataeva sukha-duHkha rAga-dveSa Adi bhAvoMse yukta jIva padArtha pratyakSa dvArA siddha hotA hai / pratyeka prANI svAnubhUtise apane astitvako jAnatA hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki dharmI vaha hotA hai, jo pramANase siddha hai / tattvopaplavavAdIne jIvakA abhAva siddha karaneke lie jo yaha anumAna diyA hai - 'jIva koI padArtha nahIM hai, kyoMki usakI upalabdhi nahIM hotI' yaha anumAna mithyA hai, kyoMki jIvanarUpI dharmI pratyakSAdi pramANase siddha hai / yaha jaba jIva padArtha pramANase siddha hai, taba usakA nAstitva siddha karaneke lie vyartha hetukA prayogakara apanI ha~sI karAnA hai| yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai ki jJAna kalazAdike samAna jJeya honese apane svarUpako nahIM jAnatA, kintu anya padArthoMko jAnatA hai / arthAt jaise kalazako apanA jJAna nahIM hotA, para auroMko usakA jJAna hotA hai, isI taraha jJAnako svayaM apane svarUpakA nizcaya nahIM hotA, para usake rUpakA nizcaya dUsarA uttara kAlIna jJAna karatA hai, vicAra-saraNi mithyA hai / jJAna svapara - prakAzaka hai; yaha isakA nijI dharma dIpaka ke samAna hai | jisa prakAra dIpaka apaneko prakAzita karake hI anya viSayoMko prakAzita karatA hai, usI prakAra jJAna bhI apane ko jAna kara hI anya viSayoM yA bhAvoMko avagata karatA hai / jo jJAna apaneko nahIM jAnatA, usakI pravRtti anya viSayoMmeM ho hI nahIM sakatI, kyoMki, pUrva - pUrvake jJeya rUpa jJAnakA nizcaya karaneke lie uttarottara jo bhI jJAna hoMge, ve bhI jJeya hI hoMge / ataH jaba ve jJAna-svarUpake nizcaya karanemeM hI caritArtha ho jAyeMge taba unakI pravRtti dUsare viSaya meM nahIM ho sakatI / 1. jIvo nAstIti pakSo'yaM pratyakSAdi-nirAkRtaH, tatra hetumupanyasyan kuryAt kaH svaviDamnanAm / - candraprabhacaritam 2/54 2. pratijantu yato jIvaH svasaMvedanagocaraH, sukha-duHkhAdiparyAyairAkrAntaH pratibhAsate / --- candraprabhacaritam 2/55 3. na cAsvaviditaM jJAnaM vedyatvAt kalazAdivat, svAtmanyapi kriyAdRSTeH dIpAdeH svaprakAzanAt / viSayAntarasaMcAro na ca syAdasvavedinaH, aparAparabodhasya vedanIyasya saMbhavAt / anavasthA latA ca syAnnabhastatra visarpiNI, yadevAviditaM teSu tanna pUrvasya vedakam, tasmAd viSayavijJAnamapratyakSamavasthitam, yadapratyakSatAyAM ca viSayasyApi sA gatiH / parokSAdapi cejjJAnAdarthAdhigatiriSyate, pareNa vidito'pyarthastathA svaviditaubhavet / vahI 2/50-55

Page #76
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA 31 dUsarA tarka yaha hai ki yahA~para jo jJAna ajJAna hai, vaha jJAna prathama jJAnakA bodha karAne vAlA nahIM ho sakatA aura yadi aisA nahIM mAnate to ananta anavasthA doSa rUpI latA phailakara samasta AkAzako vyApta kara legii| isa kAraNa padArthakA jJAna apratyakSa ThaharA aura usake apratyakSa honepara padArthakI bhI vahI sthiti hogii| yadi apratyakSa jJAnase bhI viSayakA nizcaya svIkAra karate haiM to dUsarekA jAnA huA viSaya bhI apaneko vidita ho jaaygaa| isa prakAra jIva apane zarIrameM apane jJAnase pratyakSa siddha hai aura anyake zarIrameM anumAnase siddha hai / ataH eva tattvopaplavavAdI dvArA nirasana kiyA gayA jIva svasaMvedana pratyakSase siddha hai| isa prakAra tattvopaplavavAdIne jIva, tattvake upaplavake lie jo yuktiyA~ dI haiM tathA jina vyAghAtaka kAraNoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai, una sabakA nirasana jIva tattvakI siddhise ho jAtA hai / vastutaH tattvopaplavavAdI cArvAka prameya tattvameM jIvako aura pramANa tattvameM anumAnako pramukhatA detA hai / vIranandIne candraprabha caritameM pUrva pakSake pazcAt uttara pakSameM jina tarkoko upasthita kiyA hai, una tarkomeM jIva tattva siddhi sambandhI tarka ho pramukha haiM / isa sthalake adhyayanase sAmAnyataH bhUtavAdI cArvAkakI yuktiyAM hI pratIta hotI haiM, para saMdarbha ke antameM vIranandIne prameya aura pramANa tattvakI siddhike lie jina yuktiyoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai, unakA sambandha tatvopa lavavAdoke sAtha ghaTita hotA hai aura pUrva pakSameM uThAye gaye samasta vikalpoMkA samAdhAna bhI prApta hotA hai| hama yahA~ vIranandI dvArA prastuta jIva siddhi-sambandhI yuktiyoMko upasthita karane ke anantara tattvopaplavavAdIke anya tarkokA candraprabhako zailomeM hI AlocanA prastuta kareMge / batAyA gayA hai ki garbha meM Anese lekara maraNa paryanta svAnubhava dvArA jIvakA astitva mAnA bhI jA sakatA hai / 2 para garbha meM Aneke pUrva aura maraNake pazcAt kisa pramANase jIvakA astisva siddha hogaa| jIvake abhAvameM ajIvAdi tattva bhI upapluta ho jAyeMge / yaha tarka bhI asamIcIna hai / bhautika jagatmeM pratyakSataH dRSTigocara honevAle vAyu, agni aura jala-Adi jima prakAra anAdi ananta haiM, usI prakAra jIva bhI anAdi ananta hai| yaha svayaM siddha hai ki nitya vastukA koI kAraNa nahIM hotaa| nityakI kAraNa hInatA kisI hetu yA pramANake dvArA asiddha nahIM kI jA sakatI hai| kyoMki isa kAraNahInatAko asiddha siddha karanevAlA koI hetu yA pramANa nahIM hai / hama tattvopaplavavAdIse yaha jAnanA cAheMge ki jIvAdi tattvoMkA upaplava kaise karate ho ? pramANake dvArA yA binA pramANake dvArA / pramANase to upaplava ho nahIM sakatA, kyoMki pramANa to tattvoMkA sadbhAva hI siddha karatA hai| pramANake abhAvameM kisI vastukA sadbhAva yA asadbhAva mAnA nahIM jA sktaa| ataeva vAyu Adi tattvoMko jIvakA kAraNa mAnanevAlA dehavAdI cArvAka bhI tattvopaplavavAdI cArvAkake samAna asamIcIna hai| yahA~ yaha vikalpa hotA hai ki vAyu Adi tattva milakara jIvakA kAraNa hote haiM yA pRthak-pRthak ? prathama pakSa 1. tasmAtsvaravedane siddhe pratyakSa sati yuktitaH, pratyakSabAdhA na bhavet kathaM nAstitvavAdinAm / vahI 2/61 2. candraprabhacaritam 2/62-63 3. vahI 264

Page #77
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna asamIcIna hai, yataH tattvAbhAvameM jar3a tatvoMkA astitva hI saMbhava nahIM / jaba tattvoMkA upaplava mAnA jAtA hai to jar3a tattvoMkA bhI upaplava mAnanA hI pdd'egaa| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki jar3a tattvoMse cetana jIvakI utpati saMbhava nhiiN| prasiddha hai ki sajAtIyase sajAtIyakI utpatti hotI hai, vijAtIya kI nahIM' / anyathA jalase pRthvIko utpatti aura pRthvIse vAyukI utpatti mAnanI pdd'egii| yadi vAyu Adi tattvoMko pRthak-pRthak jIvoMkI utpattikA kAraNa mAnate haiM to bhUtoMke samAna jIvoMkI saMkhyA bhI ho jaaygii| ___ yadi yaha mAnA jAya ki bhUta tattva bhI upapluta hai, ataH cetanajIvake upAdAna kAraNa nahIM sahakArI kAraNa hai / 2 yaha tarka bhI nirAdhAra hai kyoMki upAdAnake abhAvameM kevala sahakArI kAraNase kAryakI utpatti nahIM ho sakatI hai| ataeva tattvopaplavavAdIkA 'jIvo nAsti, anuplbdheH|" yaha kathana asamIcIna hai / yataH upalabdhi hetu dvArA svasaMvedana jJAnarUpa jIvakI siddhi hotI hai / jo yaha kahA gayA thA ki "jIvAbhAve ajIvaH kathaM vaktuM yujyate, jIvAjIvayoH saapeksstvaat"| yaha kathana bhI tattvIpaplavavAdIke lie ucita nahIM / jo tattvoMkA upaplava svIkAra karatA hai, usake yahA~ hetu yA anumAnakI carcA karanA asaMgata hai / ___ AtmA aura pRthvI Adi tattvoMkI ekatA bhI siddha nahIM kI jA sakatI / AtmA cetana hai aura bhUtAdi tattva acetana haiN| donoM pRthak-pRthak pratibhAsita hote haiM aura donoMke lakSaNa bhI bhinna haiN| ___ataeva tattvopaplavavAdI cArvAkane jo jIva tattvakA abhAva siddha kiyA thA aura vyAghAtaka tarka siddhAntake AdhArapara ajIvAdi tattvoMkA abhAva pratipAdita kiyA thA, vaha sarvathA asamocIna hai, kyoMki svAnubhava pratyakSa dvArA jIvatattvakI siddhi kI jA cukI hai / aba prazna yaha hai ki jIva eka hai yA aneka ? ina vikalpoMke uttaramaiM tattvavAdI jaina aneka jIvoMkA astitva svIkAra karatA hai| sukha duHkhAdi pariNAma jIvase sarvathA bhinna nahIM haiM, kyoMki yadi ye paryAya jIvase bhinna hote, to ye jIvake haiM-isa prakArake sambandhakI kalpanA nahIM ho sakatI thii| yadi yaha mAnA jAya ki bheda rahanepara bhI samavAya sambandhake nimittase ukta kalpanA sambhava ho sakatI hai to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM / yataH nitya upakArI nahIM hotA aura saba prakArake sambandhoMko sthiti upakArake AdhArapara hI pAyI jAtI hai| AcArya vIranandIne ukta vicArako nimna prakAra upasthita kiyA hainityasyAnupakAritvAtsamavAyo na yujyate / upakArAzrayA sarvA sambandhasamavasthitiH // upakAro'pi bhinnatvAttasyeti kathamucyate / upakArAntarApekSA vidadhyAdanavasthitim // ataeva samavAya-sambandhakI kalpanA bhI ayukta hai / yadi nityako upakArI mAnA jAya to vaha upakAra bhinna hai yA abhinna ? bhinna vikalpa svIkAra karajepara sambandha siddha nahIM hotaa| yadi kisI anya prakArakI apekSA karake sambandha sthApita kiyA jAya to ananta sambandhoMkA jAla bicha jAnese anavasthA doSa AyegA aura kahIM bhI vyavasthA nahIM ho paayegii| ataeva jIvako sukha-duHkhAdi paryAyoMse sarvathA na 1. candraprabhacaritam, 2/66 2. vahI 2/68 3. vahI 2/73 4. vahI 2/77-78

Page #78
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA 33 bhinna mAnA jA sakatA hai na abhinna ho / paryAya paryAyIkA vyapadeza honese kathaMcit bhinnatA hai aura paryAyImeM hI sukha-duHkhAdi paryAyoMke rahanese kaJcit abhinnatA hai| vIranandIne tattvopaplavavAdakA nirasana karate hue jIvasiddhike prakaraNameM AtmAko svadeha pramANa, kartA, bhoktA, caitanya evaM pratyakSAdi pramANoMse siddha mAnA hai / isI prasaMgameM unhoMne kartRtva, bhoktRtva Adi bhAvoMkI siddhi kI hai| jo AtmAko citsantati mAtra mAnate haiM, unakA bhI samAlocana karate hue caitanya jJAnadarzana rUpa jIvakI siddhi kI hai / batAyA gayA hai tasmAdanAdinidhanaH sthito dehapramANakaH, kartA bhoktA cidAkAraH siddho jIvaH pramANataH / / jIvake siddha hone para jIvatattvakI apekSA rakhane vAle ajIvAdi tattva bhI pramANa siddha hai, kyoMki inake binA bandha mokSAdikI vyavasthA bana hI nahIM sakatI hai| vIranandIne pUrNataH jIva tattvakI siddhike pazcAt ajIva Adi tattvoMko siddha karate hue tattvopaplavako mithyA yA bhrama batalAyA hai / yathA ye'pyajIvAdayo bhAvAstadapekSA vyavasthitAH, te'pi saMprati saMsiddhAstanna tattvamupalutam / / pramANa tattvake nirasanArtha jo yuktiyAM dI gayI hai, ve bhI niHsAra hai, kyoMki syAdvAdadarzanameM jJAnako pramANatA na nirdoSa-kAraNa-samUhake utpanna honese na bAdhAoMke utpanna honeke kAraNa hai, na pravRtti-sAmarthyake dvArA hI hai aura na avisaMvAdisvake kAraNa hI hai, yataH 6 / cAroM pakSoMmeM pUrvokta doSa, jinakA nirdeza tattvopaplavavAdIne kiyA hai, Ate haiM, para syAdvAda darzanameM prAmANyakI vyavasthA bAdhakoMkI saMbhAvanAkA sunizcita abhAva honese hI ghaTita hotI hai| samasta dezoM aura samasta kAloMke puruSoMkI apekSA abhyasta dazAmeM utpanna mANameM bAdhakoMkI saMbhAvanAkA abhAva svayaM hI pratIta hotA hai, jisa prakAra pramANakA svarUpa apanemeM nizcita pratIta hotA hai, usI prakAra abhyasta viSayameM prAmANyameM bAdhakoMkI saMbhAvanAkA abhAva bhI nizcita rUpase pratIta hone lagatA hai| - anabhyasta dazAmeM utpanna hue jJAnameM pramANatA parake dvArA bAdhakoMkI sambhAvanAkA nirAkaraNa karane para sunizcita hotI hai / syAdvAda-darzana meM vastu-vyavasthA aura pramANa-vyavasthA aneka dRSTikoNoM dvArA dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAvakI apekSAse nirUpita hai / ata eva anyonyAzraya anavasthA atiprasaMga evaM cakraka Adi doSa nahIM Ate / tattvopaplavavAdI Adi samasta vastuoMke jApaka pramANa-vizeSoMkA abhAva pratyakSase karatA hai yA anumAnase ? prathama pakSa asamIcIna hai, kyoMki pratyakSa pramANako svIkAra na karanese atiprasaMga doSa aayegaa| jisane pramANa tattva svIkAra hI nahIM kiyA, usake yahA~ pratyakSa pramANakI carcA karanA gaganAravinda kI gandha-carcAke samAna nirarthaka hai| 1. vahI, 2/88 2. vahI, 2/89

Page #79
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna anumAnase bhI vaha jJApaka pramANa- vizeSoMkA abhAva siddha nahIM kara sakatA, kyoMki tattvopaplavavAdIke yahAM anumAna pramANakA astitva hai hI nahIM / 34 yadi svayaM siddha pramANa dvArA vastukI vyavasthA mAnI jAya to samasta pramANa sabhI vAdiyoM ke apane-apane iSTa tattvake bhI sAdhaka ho jAyeMge / ataH tattvopaplavakI siddhi kisI bhI prakAra saMbhava nahIM hai / yaha sarvamAnya aura anubhUta siddhAnta hai ki kisI bhI prakAra ke jJAnako pramANabhUta mAnakara hI pravRtti-nivRtti saMbhava hotI hai / jo samasta pramANoMkA upaplava svIkAra karatA hai, usake yahAM usakA svayaMkA astitva bhI siddha nahIM ho sakatA hai / ataH pramANa - prameyakI vyavasthA mAnanA loka vyavahArake nirvAhakI dRSTise bhI Avazyaka hai / AcArya vIranandIne anubhava aura yuktiyoMse jIva tattvakI siddhi kara usase sambaddha anya ajIvAdi tattva evaM tattvoMke pratipAdaka aura sAdhaka pramANoMkI siddhi kI hai / tattvopaplavavAdI cArvAkane jo pUrva pakSa upasthita kiyA thA, usakI samyak AlocanA kara pramANaprameyaka vyavasthA pratipAdita kI hai /

Page #80
prameyaratnamAlA kI TIkAe~ jaina nyAyazAstrameM prameyaratnamAlAkA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| AcArya mANikyanandIne 'parIkSAmukham' meM gAgarameM sAgara bhara denekI kahAvata caritArtha kI hai| isa sUtra grantha para adyAvadhi aneka TIkAeM likhI gayI haiM / yazasvI tArkika anantavIryane prameyakamalamArtaNDa Adi granthoMkA sAra lekara 'parIkSAmukham' para prameyaratnamAlA nAmaka TIkA likhI hai; isa TIkApara zravaNabelagolA gaddIke paTTAdhIzoMne kaI TIkAe~ likhI haiM, jo svatantra grantha bana gayI haiN| ina samasta TIkAoMkA racanAkAla 16 vIM zatIse 18 vIM zatI taka mAnA gayA hai / prameyaratnamAlAmeM pramANa, prameyakA vistRta vivecana hai / prameyakamalamArtaNDa jaise gambhIra , granthoMke adhyayanake lie jinake pAsa samaya aura zakti nahIM hai, ve isa laghugranthake adhyayanase jaina nyAyake tathyoMko avagata kara sakate haiM / isa granthameM chaH uddezya haiN| prathaya uddezyameM pramANakA svarUpa, usakI nirdoSatA, utpatti, jJapti evaM pramANatA prabhRtikA nirUpaNa anyamatoMke nirAkaraNapUrvaka kiyA gayA hai| isa racanAkI zailI tArkika hai, mImAMsAtmaka vivecanapaddhati dvArA pUrvAcAryoMke siddhAntoMkA samarthana kiyA hai| jaina nyAyake vyavasthApaka AcArya akalaMkadeva dvArA pratipAdita svArthavyavasAyAtmaka jJAnako hI pramANa siddha kiyA hai| yaha jJAna pradIpako taraha svapara prakAzaka hai, apane Apa pratyakSarUpase bhAsita hotA hai aura anya ghaTapaTAdi padArthoMko pratibhAsita karatA hai| dUsare paricchedameM pramANoMkA vargIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai / mUlataH pramANake do bheda haiMpratyakSa aura parokSa / pratyakSajJAna indriya nirapekSa viziSTa Atma zaktise utpanna hotA hai aura parokSajJAna jJAnAvaraNIyakarmake kSayopazama honepara viSayendriya sannipAtase / yoM to Atmazakti donoM hI prakArake jJAnoMkI utpattimeM sahAyaka hai, para parokSameM indriyoMkI sahAyatA apekSita hai aura pratyakSameM nhiiN| AcArya anantavIryane isa dvitIya paricchedameM "pratyakSatarabhedAt" sUtrakI vyAkhyAmeM pratyakSaka pramANavAdI cArvAkake prati anumAnakI siddhi; pratyakSa aura anumAna pramANavAdI bauddhake prati pratyabhijJAnakI siddhiH tIna pramANavAdI sAMkhyake prati tarkakI siddhi evaM do pramANavAdI vaizeSika, cAra pramANavAdI naiyAyika aura chaH pramANavAdI mImAMsakake prati smRti tathA pratyabhijJAnako siddhi kara pratyakSa aura parokSa pramANoMko sthApanA kI hai| vizadajJAnako pratyakSa kahA hai| pratyakSake sAMvyAvahArika aura pAramArthika ye do bheda haiN| indriya aura manake nimittase jo ekadeza vizadajJAna hotA hai, use sAMvyAvahArika' aura indriyoMke sAhAyya binA kevala AtmAse jo jJAna utpanna hotA hai, use pAramArthika yA mukhya 1. samIcInaH pravRttinivRttirUpo vyavahAraH tatra bhavaM sAMvyAvahArikam / bhUvaH kiMbhUtamindriyAnindriyanimittam / indriyaM cakSurAdiH, anindriyam manaH, te nimittaM kAraNaM yasya / samastaM vyastaM ca kAraNamabhyupagantavyam / indriyaprAdhAnyAdanindriyabalAdhAnAdupajAtamindriyapratyakSam, anindriyAdeva vizuddhisavyapekSAdupajAyamAnamanindriyapratyakSam- prameyaratnamAlA-pR04

Page #81
36 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna pratyakSa mAnA hai / sAMvyAvahArika pratyakSake antargata matijJAnake avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNA ye cAra bheda haiM / avagrahake do bheda haiM- vyaJjanAvagraha aura arthAvagraha / vyaJjanAvagraha cakSu aura manase nahIM hotA; ataH vyaJjanAvagrahakI utpatti sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa aura zrotra ina cAra indriyoMse hotI hai / vyaJjanAvagraha jahA~ hotA hai, vahA~ IhAdi anya tIna jJAna utpanna nahIM hote / pratyeka indriyajJAna bahu, abahu, bahuvidha, ekavidha, kSipra, akSipra, anisRta, nisRta, ukta, anukta, dhruva aura adhruva ina bAraha prakArake viSayoMko grahaNa karatA hai, ataH vyanjanAvagrahake kula 48 bheda hue / arthAvagrahake sAtha IhAdi jJAna hote haiM, ataH inake 4x6 x 12 = 288 bheda hue / samasta matijJAnake 288 + 48 = 336 bheda hue / isa pariccheda meM jJAna mImAMsAke sAtha tAdrUpya, tadutpatti aura taddhyavasAyakA nirAkaraNa kara yogyatA - kSayopazama zaktiko hI jJAna vyavasthA meM kAraNa mAnA hai / isa paricchedake antimasUtra meM sarvajJasiddhi, IzvarasRSTikartRtvanirAkaraNa tathA brahmAdvaitakA nirAkaraNa puSTha pramANa aura tarkoMke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai / tRtIya pariccheda meM parokSa jJAnake bheda - smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAna aura AgamakI paribhASAe~ paramata nirAkaraNa pUrvaka dI gayI haiM / hetukI vyavasthA batalAte hue trairUpya pakSadharmatva, sapakSasattva aura vipakSa se vyAvRttitva tathA naiyAyikAbhimata paJcarUpyakA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai / svArthAnumAna, parArthAnumAnake lakSaNoMke pazcAt upalabdhi aura anupalabdhirUpa hetuoM ke bheda prabhedoM kA savistAra varNana hai / antameM AgamakA lakSaNa nirdhArita karate hue vedake apauruSeyatva aura zabdake nityatvakI sundara vivecanA kI hai / yaha prakaraNa dArzanikoMke lie manoraMjaka aura jJAnavarddhaka hai / isI prakaraNameM bauddhAbhimata anyApohakA bhI khaNDana kiyA hai / caturtha pariccheda ke Arambha meM sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka padArthako siddha karate hue boddhAbhimata nirapekSavizeSa, aura sAMkhyAbhimata nirapekSa sAmAnyakA aneka tarka aura yuktiyoM dvArA khaNDana kiyA hai| isa prakaraNa meM sAMkhyAbhimata sRSTike Arambha aura pralayakI prakriyAkA digdarzana bhI karAyA gayA hai / isI sUtrakI vyAkhyAmeM samasta vastuoM ko anekAntAtmaka siddha karate hue anekAntAtmaka vastuvyavasthA meM para pradatta virodha, vaiyadhikaraNa, anavasthA, saMkara, vyatikara, saMzaya, apratipatti aura abhAva ina ATha doSoMkA parihAra kara vAstavika vastu vyavasthA siddha kI hai | sAmAnyake tiryak aura Urdhva evaM vizeSake paryAya aura vyatireka bhedoMkA lakSaNa sahita vivecana kiyA hai / isa anekAnta dRSTi dvArA ekAntoMkI pArasparika vAdalIlAkA anta AcAryane bar3e sundara DhaMgase kiyA hai / samasta virodhoMkA samAdhAna evaM pUre satyakA darzana anekAntavAdakI bhUmikA para hI saMbhava hai / yadyapi yaha vicArasaraNI anantavIryakI nayI nahIM hai, AcArya akalaMka, samantabhadra aura prabhAcandra jaise tArkikoMkA anukaraNamAtra hai, to bhI thor3e meM tathyAMzakA darzana karA denA hI inakI maulikatA hai / pAMcaveM pariccheda meM pramANakA phala aura usake bhinnAbhinnatvakA vizleSaNa kiyA hai / chaTheM pariccheda meM pramANAbhAsa, hetvAbhAsa, naya, nayAbhAsa AdikA vivecana hai / hetvAbhAsa saMkhyAviSayaka jo aneka paramparAe~ pracalita haiM, una sabakI mImAMsA isa prakaraNameM mukhyarUpase kI

Page #82
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA gayI hai / isI paricchedameM AtmAkA vyApakatva aura aNuparimANAdhikaraNatvakA bhI khaNDana kara zarIra pramANa AtmAko siddha kiyA hai / ____TIkAe~-prameyaratnamAlAkI abataka chaH-sAta TIkAe~ upalabdha haiN| inameM nimna TIkAe~ vizeSa mahattvapUrNa haiN| inameM viSayanirUpaNa svatantrarUpase kiyA hai tathA dArzanika tathyoMkI mImAMsA prameyaratnamAlAke kSetrameM rahakara bhI suspaSTa aura vistRtarUpase kI hai| (1) arthaprakAzikA (2) nyAyamaNidIpikA (3) prameyakaNThikA (4) prameyaratnamAlAlaMkAra (5) prameyavivRtti aura (6) prameyaratnamAlA laghuvRtti / / arthaprakAzikAH-isa TIkAke racayitA paMDitAcArya cArukIti haiN| yaha zravaNabelagolAke paTTAdhIzoMkA upAdhi nAma rahA hai / ataH nizcita pramANake abhAvameM isa TIkAkA samaya nirdhAraNa karanA kaThina hai / parantu isa TIkAmeM sambandhAditrayakA vivecana karate hue svayaM granthakartAne likhA hai ___ "labhyate eva viSayatvaM nAma zAstrajanyabodhaviSayatvamiti / atra vaktavyAMzaH nyAyamaNidIpikAprakAze etatsUtravyAkhyAyAM ca vistareNAsmAbhirabhihito veditvyH'| isase spaSTa hai ki nyAyamaNidIpikA TIkA bhI inhIM paNDitAcArya kI hai / A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts in the Government Oriental Manuscripts Library; Madras meM nyAyamaNidIpikA kI prazasti dete hue saMpAdakane likhA hai "The transcription of this manuscript is said to have been completed by Janarilan-Vijaya of Vasistha gotra and pupil of Cavukirti Panditacarya on monday the Ist of the bright half of the month Arani in the year Plave in thc Salivahana year 1763"2 arthAt isa TIkAko zaka saMvat 1763 meM vaizAkha zuklA pratipadA somavArako plava nAmaka saMvatmeM paMDitAcArya cArukItike ziSya vaziSThagotrIya janArdana vijayane pUrNa kiyA / isase spaSTa hai ki nyAyamaNidIpikAkA Arambha bhI paMDitAcArya cArukIrtine hI kiyA thA, para ve kisI kAraNase isakI samApti nahIM kara sake, ataH ise unake ziSya janArdana vijayane samApta kiyA / arthaprakAzikAmeM bhI svayaM granthakartAne nyAyamaNidIpikAkI bAta Upara kahI hai, ataeva ukta TIkAkA racanAkAla zaka saMvatkI 18vIM zatI hai / mAlUma hotA hai ki nyAyamaNidIpikA arthaprakAzikAse pahale likhI gayI thI, para samApti usakI pIche huI / zailI aura bhASA-arthaprakAzikA TIkAko zailImeM jahA~-tahA~ navyanyAya paddhatikA Azraya liyA gayA hai| yathA-"anuvAdo nAma atra na niSThaprakAratAzAlibodhajanakazabdaprayogaH" / "pratijJA hi svakartavyatvaprakArakabodhajanakazabdaprayogarUpA / yathA mayA idaM kriyate iti pratijJAyAM niruktalakSaNaM vartate / svaM vaktapuruSaH tatkartavyatvaM kartRviSayatvaM tatprakArako yo bodhaH mayA kriyate iti vAkyajanyamanniSThakRtiviSayAbhinnamidamityAkArako bodhaH / tAdRzabodhe 1. arthaprakAzikA naveM pRSThakA pUrvArdha / 2. DCSM pRSTha 3976 / / 3. pR0 23

Page #83
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayako avadAna hi svakarttavyatvaM hi prakAraH" / viSayakA spaSTIkaraNa itane acche DhaMgase kiyA hai. jisase mUla viSayako samajhane meM bar3o saralatA hotI hai / bIca-bIcameM pUrvapakSoMko spaSTa karane ke lie mImAMsAzlokavAttika, sAMkhyakArikA, nyAyasUtra, chAndogyopaniSad, pramANasaMgraha prabhRti granthoMke uddharaNa bhI diye haiN| nirUpaNa zailI eka adhyApakake pAThanake tulya hai / viSayakA praveza hRdaya meM sIdhe aura tIkSNarUpase hotA hai| udAharaNArtha 'pradIpavat' sUtrakI vyAkhyA uddhRta kI jAtI hai / pAThaka dekheMge ki TIkAkArane apane zabdoM meM eka suyogya vyutpanna adhyApakake samAna viSayakA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai / pAThakoMkI sArI kaThinAiyA~, jo prameyaratnamAlAke adhyayana meM utpanna hotI thIM, dUra ho jAtI haiN| ___ "yathA pradIpasya pratyakSatAM vinA tatpratibhAsitasyArthasya pratyakSatA na ghaTate, tadvat jJAnasya pratyakSatAM vinA vijJAnaviSayIbhUtArthasya pratyakSatA na ghaTata iti bhAvaH / atra svavyavasAyAtmakatvasamarthakaprakaraNopasaMhAre pradIpadRSTAntaM vadato AcAryasyAyamAzayo labhyate / jJAnaM svataH prakAzakatvAbhAvavat prameyatvAt, ghaTAdivaditi naiyyAyikAH / tadasat tadIyapakSasya pratyakSAnumAnabAdhitatvAt / tathA ca prayogaH jJAnaM svaviSayIkaraNe svabhinnasvasajAtIyapadArthAntarAnapekSaM pratyakSaviSayIbhUtapadArthasamavetaguNatve sati adRSTa rUpasahakAriviziSTakAraNatvAt / pradIpaniSThabhAsurAkAravat, yathA pradIpaniSThabhAsurAkAraH pratyakSaviSayIbhUto yo'rthaH pradIpAdirUpaH tadguNo'pi bhavati / adRSTarUpasahakAriviziSTakaraNamapi bhavatIti kRtvA svAvabhAsane svasajAtIyapadArthAntaraM svabhinnadIpAdikaM nApekSate / tadvat jJAnamapi pratyakSaviSayIbhUto yo'rthaH tadguNo'pi bhavati, adRSTAnuyAyikaraNaM ca bhavati / svAvabhAsane svAtirikta svasajAtIyArthAntaraM nApekSate iti / "2 isa uddharaNase spaSTa hai ki zailI Azubodhagamya hai / jijJAsu thor3e zramase hI prameyaratnamAlAke hRdyako avagata kara sakatA hai| isake atirikta vyAkhyAmeM alaMkAroM aura dhvanyarthoMkA bhI prayoga kiyA hai, jisase zailI meM sarasatA A gayI hai| AraMbhameM maMgalAcaraNake zlokoMkI vyAkhyA karate hae "natAmareti asmina zloke vRttyanuprAsazabdAlaMkAraH / rephAdivarNAnAmAvatteH / ekadvayAdivarNAnAmAvRttau vRttyanuprAsasya abhihitatvAt / taduktaM-ekadvipramukhAvarNAH vyavadhAnena yatra vai Avartante tadA tatra vRttyanuprAsa iSyate "itipadArtha hetukaM kAvyaliMgamarthAlaMkAraH / hetorvAkyapadArtha tvekAvyaliGgamudAhRtam iti lakSaNAt / akalaMketi-atra rUpakAlaMkAraH vacasi ambhodhitvasya prarUpaNAt, upamAnopameyayorabhedakathanaM hi rUpakam" / __ bhASA sarala aura pravAha yukta hai / nyAya jaise kaThina viSayako sarala saMskRtameM samajhAne kA AyAsa prazaMsanIya hai| samasyanta prayogoMkA prAyaH abhAva hai / TIkAkArane viSayako balapUrvaka lAdanekA prayAsa nahIM kiyA hai, balki sugamarotise pAThakoMke antaHkaraNameM praviSTa karAnekI ceSTA kI hai| jaisA prAyaH dekhA jAtA hai ki katipaya TIkAkAra viSaya ko itanA ulajhA dete haiM ki mUla grantha samajhameM A jAya, para TIkA nahIM aatii| parantu isa apavAdase yaha TIkA 1. u0 pu0 pR0 2 u. 4 pU0 2. u0 pu0 pR0 28, 29 3. u0 pu0 pR0 1 4. u0 pu0 pR0 2

Page #84
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA rahita hai / pratyeka kaThina viSayako spaSTa kiyA gayA hai / prasAdaguNa yukta bhASA zailI pAThakoMkA dhyAna sahaja hI apanI ora AkRSTa kara letI hai / viSaya vivecana - yoM to prameyaratnamAlAmeM nirUpita viSayoMkI vivecanA hI isameM ko gayI hai tathA unhIM viSayoMkA spaSTIkaraNa hai, parantu to bhI isameM katipaya navIna bAtoMkA samAveza TIkAkArane kiyA hai / isa TIkAmeM svatantrarUpase upanyasta viSayoMmeM zUnyAdvaita tattvopaplava, pramANasamplava, hetvAbhAsoMkA vistRta vivecana prabhRti haiN| jina sUtroMkI vyAkhyA prameya'ratnamAlAkArane saMkSepa aura aspaSTa rUpase kI hai, una sUtroMkI vyAkhyA isa TIkAmeM spaSTa aura vistRta hai / prameyaratnamAlA meM anyApohakA viSaya kucha kliSTa hai jisase sarvasAdhAraNa use hRdayaMgama nahIM kara pAte; parantu isa TIkAmeM isa viSayako itane sarala aura sIdhe DhaMgase rakhA hai, jisase eka sAdhAraNa nyAyakA vidyArthI bhI ise samajha sakatA hai / yadyapi viSaya nirUpaNameM jahA~-tahA~ navyanyAya paddhatiko apanAyA hai, to bhI viSayako durUha nahIM hone diyA hai / anekAntAtmaka vastukI siddhimeM navIna anumAnoMkA bhI prayoga kiyA hai tathA vistArapUrvaka udAharaNa dekara isa viSaya ko samajhAyA hai / anyamatAvalambiyoMne jo anekAnta meM ATha dUSaNa diye haiM, unakA nirAkaraNa bhI bar3I dRr3hatA aura praur3hatAke sAtha kiyA hai / utpAda - vinAza-dhrauvyAtmaka vastukI sAdhanA kara Izvarake nityajJAnakA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai tathA siddha kiyA hai ki samasta vastuoM kI vAstavika sthiti trayAtmaka dRSTise dekhane para hI avagata ho sakatI hai / saMsArameM pratikSaNa jo parivartana ho rahe haiM, unakA mUla kAraNa vastu svabhAva hai / dravyadRSTise vastu nitya hai aura paryAyadRSTise anitya / grantha parimANa - --isa TIkAmeM kula 249 pRSTha haiM, pratipRSTha 11 paMktiyA~ aura pratipaMkti 18 akSara haiM / pRSThakI lambAI 8|| iMca aura caur3AI 6 ||| iMca hai| isa TIkAkI aMtima prazasti nimna prakAra hai / 39 "svastizrImatsurAsuravRndavanditapAdapAthojazrImannemIzvarasamutpattipavitrIkRtagautamagotra samudbhUtArhatadvijazrIbrahmasUrizAstritanujazrI maddorbalijinadAsazAstriNAmantevAsinA merugirigotrotpanna vi0 vijayacandrAbhidhena jainakSatriyeNa lekhIti / bhadraM bhUyAt / zrI zrI0 zrI0 zrI0 " nyAyamaNidIpikA- -isa TIkAke racayitA paMDitAcArya cArukIrtijI hI haiM; isakA ullekha arthaprakAzikA meM svayaM hI AcAryane kiyA hai / yadyapi prazastisaMgraha meM zrI paM0 ke0 bhujabalI zAstrIne isake racayitAkA nAma ajitasenAcArya likhA' hai, aura apane isa kathana kA samarthana Catalogue of Sanskrit and Prakrit Manuscripts in the Central Provinces and Berar by R B. Hiralal B. B. ( Appendices ) se kiyA hai / para isa kathanameM koI sabala yukti nahIM hai; ataH pUrvokta pramANoMke AdhArapara isake Arambha karanevAle paMDitAcAryaM cArukIrti aura samApti karanevAle unake ziSya janArdana vijaya haiN| isa TIkAkI samApti zaka saMvat 1763 meM huI hai / zailI aura bhASA - isa TIkAkI zailI samasyanta hai tathA praur3ha gadyAtmaka hai / racayitA ne bhASA sambandhI pANDityakA pradarzana sarvatra kiyA hai / viSaya nirUpaNakI apekSA zreSTha gadya 1. prazasti saMgraha -- jaina siddhAnta bhavana ArA, pR0 2 - 3

Page #85
bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna sakala zailImeM ulajhAnekA AyAsa adhika hai / ArambhameM ho saMskRta kI chaTA dikhalAte hue kahA hai"iha hi khalu sakalakalaGkavikalakevalAvalokanavimalalocanalokitalokaparama guruvIra jinezvararuciramukha sarasIruhasamutpannasarasvatI sarasAnavaratasmaraNAvalokanasallApadattacittavRttiH rAjAdhirAjaparamezvarasya himazItalasya mahArAjasya mahAsthAnamadhye niSThurakaSTavAdasauSThavaduSTasaugatAn caTulaghaTavAdAdipaTiSThatayAtArAdevatAdhiSThitadurghaTaghaTavAdavijayena vighaTayya tena rAjJA sabhyaissabhAsadaizca pariprAptajayaprazastiH sakalatArkikacUDAmaNimarIcime cakita rucirarucicakacakAyamAnacaraNanakharo bhagavAn mahAkalaGkadevo vizvavidvanmaNDalahRdayA hlAdiyuktizAstreNa jagatsaddharmaprabhAvamababUttamAm / " 40 isa uddharaNa se spaSTa hai ki isa TIkAmeM pUrNatayA pANDitya pradarzita kiyA hai| vivecana karate hue bIca-bIca meM praznottara zailIkA bhI Alambana liyA gayA hai| paribhASAoMkA spaSTIkaraNa bhI ulajhe hue DhaMgase kiyA hai / zabdajAla itanA adhika haiM, jisase vAstavika viSayachipa-sA gayA hai / arthaprakAzikAkI zailIse isakI zailI bilkula bhinna hai / yadyapi alaMkAra dhvanyathakA prayoga donoMmeM samAnarUpase huA hai / AlaGkArika pANDitya dikhalAte hue likhA hai - " parIkSAmukhamAdarza mitirUpakAlaMkAreNAlaMkRtatvAttamalaGkAraM tadevaM rUpayatItyanenAbhivyajya upamaiva tirobhUtabhedA rUpakamiSyata iti rUpakAlaGkAralakSaNasadbhAvastadalaGkAratirohitAmupamAM darzayati 1 bhASA praur3ha aura parimArjita hai / nyAyazAstrameM bhI kAvyazAstrakA Ananda prApta hotA hai / kaI sthAnoM para to gadyameM utprekSA, upamA, rUpaka aura kArvyAlaMga alaMkAroMkI jhar3I lagA / aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki TIkAkAra yaha bhUla hI gayA hai ki use prameyaratnamAlAkA spaSTIkaraNa karanA hai, ataH aneka sthAnoM para vyarthake pANDitya pradarzanameM samaya lagAyA hai / dI viSaya vivecana - viSaya vivecanakI dRSTise do-cAra sthaloM para vizeSatA pAyI jAtI hai / isa pInakAya pustaka meM pramANa aura prAmANya, utpatti aura jJapti, arthApatti aura anumAna, upamAna aura pratyabhijJAna, Adike antaroMkA acchA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| viSayoMke vizleSaNa ke lie jainAgamake pramANa sthAna-sthAna para uddhRta kiye gaye haiM / bandha vyavasthAkA nirUpaNa karate hue batAyA hai - " jahaNa vajje ityuktatvAt tenaikaguNasya snigdhasya rUkSasya vANoH pareNa snigdhakSeNa vaikaguNena dvitrisaMkheyAsaMkheyAnantaguNena vANunA bandho nAsti / tathA dvayAdibhirapi paramANubhirdvayAdi guNairekaguNaizca na bandhaH / tato jaghanyavarNAnAmeva dviguNAdikAnAmeva tulyajAtIyAnAM ceti bandhaH / tadyathA dviguNasnigdhasya paramANorekaguNasnigdhena dvitriguNasnigdhena vA nAsti sambandhaH / caturguNasnigdhe natvasti sambandhaH / tasyaiva punadvaguNasnigdhasya paMcaguNasnigdhena SaTsaptASTasaMkheyAsaMkheyAnantaguNasnigdhena ca bandho nAsti / evaM triguNasnigdhasya paJcaguNasnigdhena bandho'sti zeSaH pUrvottarairna bhavati"" / Adi isase spaSTa hai ki pratyeka viSayako paryApta vistAra diyA gayA hai| paramatoMkA nirAkaraNa bhI dRDhatA aura puSTa tarkoMse kiyA hai / parimANa - isa granthameM 310 patra haiM, pratipatra eka ora 10 paMktiyA~ aura pratipaMkti 28 akSara haiM / 1. nyAyamaNidIpikA patra 229 - 230 2. nyAyamaNidIpikA patra 261

Page #86
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA prameyaratnamAlAlaMkAra-isa TIkAke racayitA paNDitAcArya cArukItti hai| yaha racanA arthaprakAzikA TIkAko pUrvavartI mAlUma hotI hai| anumAnataH zaka saMvat 17 vIM zatImeM isakA praNayana huA hai| isa TIkAkI zailI navyanyAya paddhati para hai / avacchedaka, avacchina, tanniSThatA Adi zabdoMkA prayoga sthala-sthala para huA hai / zailI svaccha, praur3ha aura parimArjita hai| navyanyAya paddhati para brahmAdvaitavAdIkA pUrvapakSa sthApita karate hue likhA hai-"brahmAdvaitavAdinastu-sattArUpaM brahmava sarvasAkSAtkAri sarvAvacchinnacaitanyAbhinnatvAt / caitanyasya ghaTAdisAkSAtkAritvaM hi ghaTAvacchinnacaitanyAbheda eva ghaTasAkSAtkArakAle indriyadvArA antaHkaraNavRttaghaTAdiviSayadezatamanena ghaTAvacchinnacaitanyasya rUpAntaHkaraNAvacchinnacaitanyenAbhedotpatte: ekadezasyopAdhyoH bhedakatvAyogAt gRhAvacchinnAkAze ghaTAvacchinnAkAze ghaTAvacchinnAkAzabhedavat / mAyAvacchinnacaitanye ghaTAvacchinnacaitanyAbhirUpaM sarvasAkSAtkAritvaM ca ghaTassan paTassan ityAdi pratyekSeNa gRhyate'' isase spaSTa hai ki isa TIkAmeM navyanyAyakI zailIpara viSaya vivecana kiyA gayA hai / viSayakA spaSTIkaraNa jitanA bhI saMbhava huA hai, kiyA hai / viSaya prameyaratnamAlAkA hI hai, usI meM thor3A vistAra kiyA gayA hai| parimANa-isa pustakameM kula 376 patra haiM, pratipatra eka ora 11 paktiyA~ aura pratipaMkti 17-18 akSara haiN| prameyakaNThikA-isa TIkAke racayitA zAntivarNI haiM / isakA racanAkAla 16-17 vIM zatIke madhyakA hai / granthakI racanAzailIse pratIta hotA hai ki yaha prameyaratnamAlApara Arambhika TIkA hai| yadyapi viSayakA spaSTIkaraNa pUrNarUpase nahIM ho pAyA hai, to bhI prakaraNoMke spaSTIkaraNakA AyAsa prazaMsanIya hai / racayitAke sambandhameM isa TIkAse kucha bhI patA nahIM calatA hai| zailI aura bhASA-isa TIkAkI bhASA sarala hai| zailI pariSkRta aura svaccha hai / viSayako samajhAnekA prayAsa bhI kiyA gayA hai / racayitAne svayaM hI apanI TokAko prazaMsA karate hae likhA hai prameyakaNThikA jiiyaatprsiddhaaneksdgunnaa| lasanmArtaNDasAmrAjyayauvarAjyasya kaNThikA / / / saniSkalaGkAM janayantu taka vA bAdhitarko mama trkrle| kenAnizaM brahmakRtaH kalaGkAzcandrasya ki bhUSaNakAraNaM na / isase spaSTa hai ki inakI TokAmeM tarka, yuktiyA~ aura pramANoMkI bahulatA hai| zailImeM pravAha aura prasAda donoM guNa haiM / prameyaratnamAlAmeM Agata viSayoMkA spaSTIkaraNa hI isa TIkAmeM kiyA gayA hai / TIkAkArane apanI orase navIna viSayoMko uThAnekA prayAsa nahIM kiyA hai / pariNAma-isameM kula 38 patra haiM, pratyeka patra 8 // "47" hai / 1. prameparalamAlAlaMkAra patra 139

Page #87
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna prameyaralamAlA laghuvRtti'-isa TIkAke racayitAke sambandhameM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM , hai / para itanA avazya kahA jA sakatA hai ki isa TIkAkA racanAkAla 17 vIM zatI hai| zailI, bhASA aura viSaya-nirUpaNakI dRSTise bhI isa TIkAmeM navInatA bahuta kama aMzoMmeM dikhalAyI par3atI hai / prameyaratnamAlAmeM Aye hue kaThina padoMkA vizleSaNa bhara kara diyA hai / zailI svatantra bhASya yA vivecanakI nahIM hai, kintu TippaNAtmaka hai| pAThaka jina kaThina padoMko yathArtharUpase hRdayaMgama nahIM kara pAte haiM, una padoMkA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| nayI bAteM isa TIkAmeM nahIM mileNgii| grantha samApta karate hue parIkSAmukhasUtra aura prameyaratnamAlAke racanAke kAraNoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| zrImAn vaijayanAmAbhUdagraNI guNazAlinAm / badarIbAlavaMzAlIvyomni dhumaNijita // tadIyapatnI bhuvi vizrutAsInnANAmbanAmA guNazIladhAmA / yAM revatIti prathitAmbiketi prabhAvatIti pravadanti santaH / tasmAdabhUdvizvajanInavRttirdAnAmbuvAho bhuvi hIrapAkhyaH / svagotravistAranayoM'zumAlI smyktvrtnaabhrnnaarcitaanggH|| tasyoparodhavazato vizadorukIrtermANikyanandikRtazAstramagAdhabodham / spaSTIkRtaM katipayairvacanerudArarbAlaprabodhakarametadanantavIryaiH // TIkAkArane svayaM apane sambandhameM itanA hI likhA hai ki AcArya akalaMka devake vacanoMkA sArAMza lekara maiM vivRtti likhatA huuN| granthameM sUtroMkA vyAkhyAna bhI prameyaratnamAlAke samAna hI kiyA hai / yadyapi bhASA zailImeM antara hai tathA TIkAkArane sUtrArthako kucha vistRta kara denekI ceSTA kI hai| jina sUtroMkA vizeSArtha prameyaratnamAlAkArane nahIM likhA hai, una sUtroMkA artha isameM bhI chor3a diyA gayA hai| ina samasta TIkAoMmeM artha prakAzikA, nyAyamaNidIpikA aura prameyaratnamAlAlaMkAra to zIghra prakAzita karane yogya haiN| ina tInoM TIkAoMse jaina nyAya zAstrake jijJAsuoMko vizeSa lAbha hotaa| acchA ho ki tulanAtmaka TippaNa dete hue prameyaratnamAlAkA eka sundara saMskaraNa nikAlA jAya / prakAzaka saMsthAoMko isa ora dhyAna denA cAhiye / 1. dekheM-A Descriptive Catalcgue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts in the Government Orienial Manuscripts Library, Madras, PP, 3975

Page #88
kAryakAraNabhAva : mahAkavi kAlidAsakI kRtiyoMmeM mahAkavi kAlidAsake kAvyoM aura nATakoMmeM kArya-kAraNa sambandhakA astitva aneka sthaloMpara upalabdha hotA hai / bhAvoMkI abhivyaJjanA karate hue unhoMne saundaryAnubhUtikI alaMkRta yojanAmeM isa sambandhakA sundara nirvAha kiyA hai / yaha sArvajanika satya hai ki jIvana aura jagatke sambandhameM rasAnubhUtikI jisa prakriyA dvArA cittakA unmIlana hotA hai, vaha prakriyA kAryakAraNa sambandhameM nihita rahatI hai / kavi apane manake vividharaMgoMmeM anuraJjita hokara hI premavastukA bhAvana karatA hai, para navIna udbhAvanAoMke avasarapara vaha kArya-kAraNa bhAvakA Azraya grahaNa kara kAvyacamatkAra kI sRSTi karane meM samartha hotA hai| tarka- nyAya mUlaka alaMkAroMmeM to kAryakAraNa bhAva samAhita rahatA hI hai, para sAdRzyamUlaka, vizeSagamya, lokAzraya nyAya aura vAkyanyAya mUlaka alaMkAroM meM bhI kArya kAraNabhAva kisI na kisI rUpa meM pAyA jAtA hai / kaviko svayaM prakAza yA sahajajJAna kalpanAke mAdhyamase prApta hotA haiM aura yaha AtmAke samakSa binA kisI tarka yA prayAsake svataH upasthita ho jAtA hai / saundaryAnubhUti ke samaya vyakti ke manako koI bauddhika kaSTa uThAnA nahIM par3atA / hama kisI ramaNIke mukha yA gulAbake puSpakI gandhako kisI zAstrIya jJAna yA kAryakAraNa sambandhakI prakriyAkA niyojana kiye binA hI ramya kaha dete haiM / vastu vizeSake saundaryakA anAyAsa jJAna yA bhAvana cittakI jisa vRtti dvArA hotA hai, use sahajajJAna tathA aise jJAnako svayaM prakAza, sahaja yA sahajAnubhUti kahate haiM / puSpagandhake samAna kAvyakA saundarya svayaM prakAzya hotA hai, kintu usakI abhivyaJjanA prastuta karate samaya tarka yA kAryakAraNa sambandhakA avalambana grahaNa karanA par3atA hai / yataH saMvedanako rUpAyita karanA, bimba DhAlanA sahaja jJAnakA kAma hai, para saMvedanake prabhAvako rUpAyita karate samaya hetu, tarka yA sambandhakA Azraya apekSita hotA hai / pAtroMke zIlasthApatya evaM unake vyaktitvake citraNa meM kArya-kAraNa sambandhakI sarvAdhika pratIti hotI hai / kathAnakakA gaThana bhI kArya-kAraNa sApekSa hotA hai, koI bhI ghaTanA kArya-kAraNakI zrRMkhalAmeM Abaddha hokara hI kathAnakakA rUpa grahaNa karatI hai / mahAkavi kAlidAsake kArya kAraNabhAva ke vizleSaNake pUrva kArya-kAraNa sambandhake svarUpako avagata kara lenA Avazyaka hai / kezava mizrane tarkabhASAmeM kAraNakI paribhASA batalAte hue likhA hai - 'yasya kAryAt pUrvabhAvo niyato'nanyathAsiddhazca tatkAraNam"" / arthAt jisakI kArya -- utpanna honevAle ghaTAdi padArthoMse pahale sattA nizcita ho aura jo anyathAsiddha na ho usako kAraNa kahate haiM / kAraNa isa lakSaNameM 'niyata' aura 'ananyathAsiddhazca' ye do vizeSaNa pada vizeSa mahattvapUrNa haiM / 'niyata' kahanese kAryotpatti ke samaya upasthita rahanevAlI anya vastuoMkA nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai, kintu jinakA astitva 'niyata' rahatA hai| unhoMkA grahaNa hotA hai / isI prakAra 1. tarkabhASA caukhambA vArANasI, san 1953 I0 pU0 19, pramANanirUpaNa, kAvya varUpa

Page #89
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna 'ananyathAsiddha' kA artha avyartha yA Avazyaka hai, jo Avazyaka aura niyata pUrvabhAvI haiM, vahI kAraNa mAnA jAtA hai / yathA "yadyapi paTotpattau devAdAgatasya rAsabhAdeH pUrvabhAvo vidyate, tathApi nAso niyataH / " niSkarSa yaha hai ki kAraNakA kAryase niyata pUrvavartitva rahaneke sAtha usameM nitAnta upayogitA dharmakA rahanA bhI Avazyaka hai / kAryake prati kucha vastue~ aisI bhI hotI haiM jo niyata pUrvavartI to avazya haiM, para ve nitAnta upayogI nahIM haiM / aisI anAvazyaka vastuoMko anyathAmiddha kahA jAtA hai aura na ye kAryoMkI utpattike prati kAraNa hI hotI haiN| kAraNako anaupAdhika mAnA jAtA hai, sopAdhika ghaTanA kAryake prati kAraNa nahIM bana sakatI hai / ataeva niyata, anopAdhika aura tAtkAlika pUrvavartI ghaTanA hI kArya vizeSake prati kAraNa mAnI jAtI hai / * kAraNake tIna bheda hai-samavAyI, asamavAyI aura nimitta / jisameM samavAya sambandhake rahate hue kAryakI utpatti hotI hai, use samavAyI kAraNa kahate haiM / samavAyI kAraNakA dUsarA nAma upAdAnakAraNa bhI hai, kyoMki samavAyikAraNatA dravyakI hotI hai| kAryake sAtha athavA kAraNake sAtha eka vastumeM samavAya sambandhase rahate hue jo kAraNa hotA hai, vaha asamavAyI kahalAtA hai| guNa aura kriyA asamavAyI kAraNa hote haiN| ina donoMse bhinna kAraNako nimittakAraNa kahate haiM / isa prakAra vividha kAraNoMkI paraspara sahakAritAse hI kAryakI utpatti hotI hai| mahAkavi kAlidAsane nimitta-naimittika sambandhakA vivecana apane zAkuntala nATakameM aneka sthAnoM para kiyA hai| vastutaH 'nimitta' kAraNakA hI paryAyavAcI zabda hai aura nyAya siddhAntakI dRSTise yaha kAraNakA eka bheda hai| jisakI sahAyatA yA kartRtvase kAryakI utpatti ghaTita hotI hai, vaha sahAyaka tattva nimitta kAraNa hai| jo kisI nimittase kiyA jAya athavA jo nimitta upasthita honepara yA kisI vizeSa prayojanakI siddhike lie ho, use naimittika kahate haiM / tathA eka dUsareke kArya hone yA pariNamanameM eka dUsareko paraspara sahAyaka honaa| nimitta-naimittika sambandha hai / pAzcAtya tarkazAstrake anusAra kAraNake cAra bheda haiM 1. dravyakAraNa-kArya kI utpatti meM dravya vizeSa ko AvazyakatA hotI hai aura yaha dravya vizeSa hI usa kAryako utpatti kA kAraNa hai / 2. AkArika kAraNa-pratyeka vastumeM dravyake sAtha-sAtha AkAra bhI pAyA jAtA hai / isI bAkArake vicArako AkArika kAraNa kahA gayA hai / 3. yogya kAraNa-pratyeka vastumeM dravya aura AkArake sAtha usameM ekazakti bhI pAyI jAtI hai, jisake kAraNa usakA nirmANa sambhava hotA hai / 1. vahI pR0 20 2. tacca kAraNaM trividham / samavAyi-asamavAyi-nimittabhedAt / tatra yatsamavetaM kAryamutpadyate tatsamavAyikAraNam / yatsamavAyikAraNapratyAsannamavadhRtasAmarthya tadasamavAyikAraNam / -tarkabhASA-pR0 25,35 / 3. tadubhayabhinna kAraNaM nimittakAraNam-tarkasaMgraha pratyakSakhaNDa /

Page #90
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA 4. antima kAraNa pratyeka vastuke nirmANake pIche eka prayojana nihita rahatA hai mataH bastuke nirmANake pIche jo uddezya kiyA rahatA hai, use antima kAraNa kahA jAtA hai / vAstavameM kArya-kAraNa sambandhakA nAma hI vyApti hai, ise avinAbhAva sambandha bhI kahate haiN| kAryakAraNabhAvake sahacara sambandhakA sadbhAva aura vyabhicAra-jJAnakA abhAva hI vyaktikA sAdhaka hai| mahAkavi kAlidAsane apane zAkuntala nATakameM sahajAnubhUtikI abhivyaJjanAke hetu 'kAraNAbhAvAt kAryAbhAvaH' aura 'kAraNasadbhAvAt kAryasadbhAvaH' siddhAntoMkA pUrNatayA nirvAha kiyA hai / unake kAvyaliMga alaMkArake udAharaNoMmeM kArya-kAraNa sambandhakI yojanA samyaktayA pAyI jAtI hai / kavike samasta kAvya-nATaka pranyoMke kArya-kAraNa sambandhoMkA vizleSaNa sambhava nahIM hai, ataeva kevala zakuntalA nATakameM samAhita kArya-kAraNabhAvakA hI vivecana prastuta kiyA baaygaa| zAkuntalameM kAryakAraNa sambandhakA nirdeza karate hue binA kAraNake kArya sadbhAvakA kI nispaSa kiyA hai udeti pUrva kusumaM tataH phalaM, ghanodayaH prAktadanantaraM payaH / nimittanaimittikayorayaM kramastava prasAdasya purastu sampadaH // ' prathama kAraNarUpa puSpakA Agamana hotA hai, pazcAt puSpa kAraNase phalarUpa kArya ghaTita hotA hai| bhAkAzameM megharUpa kAraNake AcchAdita hone para hI, varSArUpa kAryako utpatti dekhI jAtI hai / isa prakAra kAraNa-kAryakA sambandha hI kAryotpattikA niyAmaka hai|| kAyaliMga alaMkArakI yojanA karate hue zAkuntalameM kAraNa-kArya sambandhakI sundara abhivyaMjanA kI gayI hai / 'kAvyaliMga' zabdameM do pada haiM-kAvya aura liMga / yahA~ liMga kA artha kAraNa hai, arthAt kAvyameM asAdhAraNa yA camatkAra yukta kathanako yuktiyukta banAne ke lie jahAM yukti athavA hetu-kAraNakA kathana kiyA jAya, vahA~ kAyaliMga alaMkAra hotA hai / yaha hetu yA kAraNa lokasiddha athavA tarka siddha hetuse kucha bhinna hotA hai, yataH tarka siddha hetuse kucha bhinna hotA hai, yataH tarka siddha hetumeM camatkAra kA abhAva hotA hai / hetu-kAraNake do bheda haiM-kAraka aura jJApaka / putrake liye pitA kAraka hetu hai aura pitAke lie putra jJApaka hetu / kAraka hetuke 'niSpAdaka' aura 'samarthaka' ye do bheda mAne gaye haiN| hetu vAcaka nahIM hotA, ise gamya athavA pratIyamAna honA caahie| zAkuntala nATakameM jina kArya-kAraNa bhAvoMkA ullekha hai ve sabhI prAyaH gamya hI haiM, vAcya nhiiN| yathA tat sAdhukRtasandhAna pratisaMhara sAyakam / AtaMtrANAya vaH zastraM na prahartumanAgasi // 1. zAkuntala 7 / 30 2. kAvyaliMgaM hetorvAkyapadArthatA-kAvyaprakAza, caukhambA saMskaraNa 10 / 114 hetorvAkyapadArthatve kAvyaliMgaM nigadyate-sAhityadarpaNa, kalakattA saMskaraNa 10162 3. zAkuntala 1 / 11

Page #91
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna isa padyameM 'ArtatrANAya vaH zastra' kAraNa hai aura 'sAdhukRtasandhAnaM sAyakam pratisaMhara' kArya hai athavA padyakA uttarAddha pUrvAddha kA kAraNa hai / isa prakAra kAraNake gamya hone para bhI padya meM kArya kAraNabhAva samAhita hai / 46 duSyantako usake bhujaparAkramarUpa kAraNa dvArA Azramake rakSArUpa kAryakA parijJAna tapasvI karAte hue kahate haiM ramyAstapodhanAnAM pratihatavighnAH kriyAH samavalokya / jJAsyasi kiyadbhujo me rakSati maurvIkiNAMka iti // bhujaparAkramarUpa kAraNa rakSArUpa kAryakA pUrvavartitva aura ananyathA siddha hai / ataH isameM nyAyasammata kArya kAraNabhAvakI paribhASA bhI ghaTita hotI hai / Azrama paricaya prasaMga meM mahAkavine caJcala lahara rUpI kAraNa dvArA vRkSoMke mUla prakSAlanarUpa kAryakA; dhUmarUpa kAraNa dvArA kisalayoMkI kAntike naSTa hone rUpa kAryakA evaM kuzahInatArUpa kAraNase mRgoMke nirbhaya vicaraNa rUpa kAryakA sampanna honA batalAyA hai / yahA~ pRthak-pRthak tIna kAraNoM dvArA pRthak-pRthak tIna kAryoMkI utpatti pradarzita kI gayI hai / isa kAryakAraNabhAvase kavine AzramakA svarUpa upasthita kiyA hai / yathA kulyAmbhobhiH pavanacapalaiH zAkhino dhautamUlA bhinno rAgaH kisalayarucAmAjyadhUmodgamena / ete cArvAgupavana bhuvicchinnadarbhAGkurAyAM naSTAzaGkA hariNazizavo mandamandaM caranti // bhramarake kRtakRtyarUpa kAryakA vivecana usake dvArA zakuntalAke cumbana, adharapAna evaM karNake pAsa guJjanarUpI kAraNoM dvArA kiyA hai / isa kAryakAraNa bhAvameM bhramara para nAyakakA Aropa kara usake kRtArtha honekI carcA kI gayI hai / 1. vahI 1 / 13 3. 1 / 24 calApAGgAM dRSTiM spRzasi bahuzo vepathumatI rahasyAkhyAyIva svanasi mRdu karNAntikacaraH / karau vyAghunvatyAH pibasi ratisarvasvamadharam vayaM tattvAnveSAnmadhukara hatAstvaM khalu kRtI // 3 zakuntalAke prathama sAkSAtkArake samaya rAjA duSyanta ke manameM yaha AzaGkA utpanna hotI hai ki isane jIvana paryanta avadhike lie brahmacarya dhAraNa kara liyA hai athavA nizcita samayakI avadhi ke lie ? anasUyA aura priyaMvadAke vArtAlApase usakI ukta zaMkA nirAkRta ho jAtI hai / aura rAjA yaha samajha letA hai ki abhI zakuntalAkA vivAha honA avaziSTa hai / aba usake mana meM yaha sandeha raha jAtA hai ki usakA vivAha kisI kSatriya rAjAse hogA yA tapasvIse / priyaMvadA "guroH punarasyA anurUpavarapradAne saMkalpa : " vAkyase ukta sandehake dUra honepara rAjA manameM cintana karatA hai / rAjA duSyantakA yaha cintana kAraNa- kAryabhAvase yukta hai / 2 . vahI 1 / 15 4. 1 / 12 ke pUrvakA gadyakhaNDa 6

Page #92
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA bhava hRdaya sAbhilASaM samprati sandaihanirNayoH jAtaH / - AzaGkase yadagni tadidaM sparzakSamaM ratnam // ' yahA~ sandeha nirNaya honA kAraNa hai aura hRdayakA sAbhilASa honA kArya hai| isa kArya kAraNabhAva dvArA rAjA duSyantako mAnasika sthitikA citraNa kiyA hai / vRkSasiJcanameM saMlagna zakuntalA klAnta dikhalAI par3atI hai / priyaMvadA usase do vRkSoMkA siJcana karAtI hai, jisase ghar3e dvArA jala deneke kAraNa usake hAtha kandheparase jhuka jAte haiM, hatheliyA~ atyadhika rakta ho jAtI haiM, lambe-lambe zvAsa calanese stana kampita hone lagate haiM, veNIbandhana zithila ho jAtA hai aura mu~ha para pasInekI bUMdeM vyApta ho jAtI haiM / isa prasaMgameM kavine kArya-kAraNabhAvakI yojanA kI hai| srastAMsAvatimAtralohitatalau bAha ghaTotkSepaNAdadyApi stanavepathu janayati zvAsaH pramANAdhikaH / baddhaM karNazirISarodhi vadane dharmAmbhasAM jAlakam , bandhe srasini caikahastayamitAH paryAkulA mUrdhajAH // 2 yahA~ ghaTotkSepaNa kAraNase 'lohitatalau', 'srastAMsau bAhU', 'pramANAdhikazvAsaH', 'stanavepathu', dharmAmbhasAM jAlakam' evaM 'bandhe saMsini mUrdhajAH'' rUpa kAryoMko utpatti dikhalAI gaI hai / isa kArya-kAraNa sambandha dvArA kavine zakuntalAkI parizrAntatA vyakta kI hai| duSyantake manameM zakuntalAkA smaraNa ho AtA hai, ataH mRgayAse usakA mana virakta ho jAtA hai / yahA~ zakuntalAkA smaraNa kAraNa aura mRgayA-virakti kArya hai| vaha udAsIna manase vidUSaka se kahatA hai na namayitumadhijyamasmi zakto, dhanuridamAhitasAyakaM mRgeSu / sahavasatimupetya yaH priyAyAH kRta iva mugdhavilokitopadezaH // prastuta padya meM priyA zakuntalAke sahavAsa aura use sundara kaTAkSapAta sikhalAneke kAraNa hiraNa rAjA duSyantakI sahAnubhatike pAtra bana gaye haiM, isa kAraNa vaha unapara bANa calAnA nahIM cAhatA hai / ataH yahA~ padya ke uttarArdhameM kathita sahAnubhUti kAraNa hai aura bANa calAnekA tyAga kArya hai / isa kArya-kAraNabhAvase kavine priyake saMyogase vastuke priya bana jAnekI kalpanAkA samarthana kiyA hai| kavine mRgayArUpa kAraNase eka sAtha kaI kAryoMkI utpattikA digdarzana karAyA hai| yathA medazchedakRzodaraM laghu bhavatyutthAnayogyaM vapuH sattvAnAmapi lakSyate vikRtimaccittaM bhayakrodhayoH / utkarSaH sa ca dhanvinAM yadiSavaH sidhyanti lakSye cale , mithyeva vyasanaM vadanti mRgayAmidRgvinodaH kutaH // 1. vahI 1128 2. abhijJAnazAkuntalam-sampAdaka ema0 Ara0 kAle, pra0 gopAlanArAyaNa kampanI, bambaI san 1934 I0, 1127 3, vahI 2 / 3; 4. vahI 25

Page #93
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna yahA~ mRgayAko vyasanAbhAva kahanA kArya hai, isa kAryakI siddhi padyameM kathita samasta kAraNoMse huI hai| mahAkavi kAlidAsa kAryakAraNabhAvakI yojanAkara duSyantake samasta pRthvIke samrATa honemeM kisI bhI prakArakA Azcarya vyakta nahIM krtaa| yataH deva-dAnavoMke yuddhake avasarapara devoMkI rakSA duSyantake pratyaJcA-yukta dhanuSake dvArA hI sambhava hotI hai / ataeva devoMko usake dhanuSapara indrake vajra ke samAna hI vizvAsa hai / kavi kahatA hai netaccitraM yadayamudadhizyAmasomAM dharitrImekaH kRtsnAM nagaraparighaprAMzubAhubhunakti / Azasante samitiSu surA baddhavarA hi detya rasyAdhijye dhanuSi vijayaM pauruhUte ca vaje // yahA~ adhijye dhanuSi kAraNa hai, isa kAraNadvArA 'kRtsnAmudadhizyAmasImAM dharitrI bhunakti' kAryakI utpatti huI hai / ataeva kArya-kAraNa sambandha dvArA naitaccitramkI siddhi kI gayI hai / duSyanta RSiyoMkA nivedana svIkArakara yajJarakSAke lie kaNvAzramameM nivAsa karanekI saharSa svIkRti pradAna kara detA hai| nivedana karanevAle RSi hetu pradarzana pUrvaka rAjAkI svIkAroktiko prazaMsA karate haiN| ve kahate haiM ki apane pUrvajoMkA anukaraNa karanevAle ApakA yaha kArya atyanta racita hai, kyoMki puruvaMzI rAjA ApattigrastoMkI rakSAkA vratadhAraNa kiye hue hai| yathA anukAriNi pUrveSAM yuktarUpamidaM tvayi / ApannAbhayasatreSu dIkSitAH khalu pauravAH // isa padyameM 'ApannAbhayasatreSu pauravAH dokSitAH' kAraNa hai, isa kAraNase 'tvayi idaM yuktarUpam' kAryakI utpatti huI hai| ataH kArya-kAraNa bhAva saMbaMdhase duSyantakI vIratA aura dRr3hatAko abhivyaJjanA kI gayI hai| ___ duSyantako vidUSakakI gambhIratApara vizvAsa nahIM hai| usake manameM sandeha hai ki kahIM yaha caJcala brAhmaNa mere isa prema vyApArako antaHpurakI striyoMse jAkara na kaha de / ataH vaha yathArthatAko chipAtA huA kahatA hai-mitra ! RSiyoMke prati AdarabhAvake kAraNa maiM isa AzramameM kucha dinoM taka aura nivAsa karUMgA, tapasvI kanyApara Asaktike kAraNa nahIM / kavine rAjA dvArA isa prasaGgameM zakuntalAke vikArAbhAvarUpa kAraNase prema vyApArarUpa kAryakA niSedha karAyA hai / yataH vikAra sadbhAvarUpa kAraNase premavyApArarUpa kAryakA astitva siddha hotA hai| avinAbhAvarUpa vyApti bhI vikArasadbhAva aura premavyApArarUpa kAryake sAtha vartamAna hai / anvaya aura vyatireka rUpa donoM hI prakArako vyApti bhI yahA~ ghaTita hotI hai| kva vayaM kva parokSamanmatho, mRgazAvaiH samamedhito janaH / parihAsavijalpitaM sakhe, paramArthena na gRhyatAM vcH|| 1. abhijJAnazAkuntala ema0 Ara0 kAle dvArA sampAdita, san 1934 I0 2 / 15 / 2. vahI 2 / 16 / 3. vahI 2 / 18 /

Page #94
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA kAmavyathAke kAraNa rAjA duSyantako avasthA bigar3atI jAtI hai / puSpadhanvA kAmadeva aura zItala razmiyoMse yukta candramA bhI tApahAraka honeke sthAnapara santApa utpanna kara rahe hai / vaha ukta donoMko upAlambha detA huA kahatA hai tava kusumazaratvaM zItarazmitvamindodvaiyamidamayathArtha dRzyate madvidheSu / visRjati himagarbharagnimindurmayUkhaistvamapi kusumabANAn vajrasArIkaroSi / ' isa padyameM 'induH himagarbhaH mayUkhaiH agni' visRjati aura tvamapi kusumabANAn vajrasArIkaroSI / kAraNa haiM, isa kAraNa dvArA 'kusumazaratva' aura 'zItarazmitva' kA ayathArthatva rUpa kArya dikhalAyA gayA hai / yaha kAryakAraNa bhAva yojanA kAmavyathAkI tIvratAko abhivyakta karatI hai| duSyantake premake kAraNa zakuntalAko kAmavyathA kaSTa pahu~cA rahI hai, isa vyathAke kAraNa usakA zarIra kRza ho gayA hai, kAnti pIta varNakI ho gayI hai aura vaha ahamiza kSINa hotI jA rahI hai / kavine yahA~ 'madanakliSTA' kAraNa dvArA kSAmakapola, kAThinyamuktastana, prakAmavinatAvaMsa evaM pANDu chavirUpa kAryakA varNana to kiyA hI hai, sAtha hI usake zocatvarUpa kAryake lie madanakliSTatvarUpa kAraNakA nirdeza kiyA hai| kavine sahajAnubhUtiko abhivyakti kArya-kAraNa sambandhake vAtAvaraNameM hI prastuta kI hai| kSAmakSAmakapolamAnanamuraHkAThinyamuktastanaM madhyaH klAntataraH prakAmavinatAvaMsau chaviH pANDurA / zocyA ca priyadarzanA ca madanakliSTeyamAlakhyate patrANAmiva zoSaNena marutA spRSTA latA mAdhavI // 2 rAjA duSyanta madana vyathita zakuntalAse kahatA hai ki tuma dhUpameM isa santapta zarIrako lekara kahA~ jAogI? isa sandarbhameM 'paribAdhApelavairaGgaH' kAraNa hai, isa kAraNase gamanAbhAvarUpa kArya utpanna hotA hai, ataeva 'kathaM gamiSyasi' ko ukta kAraNakA kArya mAnA jAyagA / isa prakAra kAryakAraNakI yojanA zakuntalAkI vyathAko abhivyakta kara rahI hai / mahAkavi kAlidAsane sahaja kalpanAkA sambandha takake sAtha jor3a diyA hai utsRjya kusumazayanaM nalinIdalakalpitastanAvaraNam / kathamAtape gamiSyasi paribAdhApelavaraGgaH // kaNvAzramameM sandhyAke samaya rAkSasoMkI chAyA yajJavedIko vyApta kara letI hai, jisase vahA~ bhayakA saMcAra hotA hai| mahAkavi kAlidAsane yahA~ rAkSasoMkI chAyAke kAraNa aura 'bhayamAdadhAnA'ko kAryarUpameM citrita kiyA hai / yathA sAyaMtane savanakamaNi saMpravRtte vedi hutAzanavatI paritaH prayastAH / chAyAzcaranti bahudhA bhayamAdadhAnAH sandhyApayodakapizAH pizitAzanAnAm // 1. vahI 3 / 3 / 2. vahI 37 / ___3. vahI 3 / 20 / 4. vahI 3125 /

Page #95
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna hastinApurake lie zakuntalAke prasthAnake samaya kaNva samIpastha tapovanake vRkSoMse usake gamana karanekI anumati mAMgate haiM / isa prasaMgameM unake vArtAlApameM kArya-kAraNa bhAvakI yojanA upalabdha hotI hai / RSi vRkSoMko sambodhana kara kahate haiM ki AbhUSaNa priya honepara bhI isa zakuntalAne snehake kAraNa maNDanArtha bhI pallavoMko nahIM tor3A; na kabhI isane vRkSoMko jalase siJcana kiye binA jala hI piyA hai / adhika kyA puSpodgamake samaya yaha putra-prApti jaisA utsava sampanna karatI thI, Aja yahI zakuntalA patigRha jA rahI hai, Apa saba apanI svIkRti diijie| pAtuM na prathamaM vyavasyati jalaM yuSmAsvapIteSu yA nAdatte priyamaNDanApi bhavatAM snehena yA pallavam / Adye vaH kusumaprasUtisamaye yasyA bhavatyutsavaH seyaM yAti zakuntalA patigRhaM sarvairanujJAyatAm // ' isa padyameM sneha kAraNa hai aura maNDanArtha bhI pallavoMkA na tor3anA kArya hai tathA sneha sadbhAvase hI jalasiJcana, utsava sampAdana Adi bhI ghaTita hue haiN| ___maharSi kaNvako navamAlikAko Amrase milate hue aura zakuntalAko nijapatiko prApta karate hue dekhakara parama santoSa hotA hai / ve navamAlikA aura zakuntalAkI orase nizcita ho jAte haiM / isa sandarbha meM 'bhartAramAtmasadRzaM sukRtargatA' kAraNa hai, isa kAraNase maharpikA 'vItacintaH' rUpI kArya utpanna hotA hai| isa prakArako kAryakAraNa yojanAse kavine RSikI saMkalpa pUrti para utpanna hue harSako sUcita kiyA hai saGkalpitaM prathamameva mayA tavArthe bhartAramAtmasadRzaM sukRtairgatA tvam / / cUtena saMzritavatI navamAlikeyamasyAmahaM tvayi ca samprati vItacintaH / / zakuntalA Azramase prasthAna karate samaya rudana karatI hai / maharSi kaNva use dhairya baMdhAte haiM. aura natonnata bhUmimeM sAvadhAnIpUrvaka calanekA nirdeza karate haiM utpakSmaNonayanayoruparuddhavRtti bASpaM kuru sthiratayA viratAnubandham / asminnalakSitanatonnatabhUbhibhAge mArge padAni khalu te viSamIbhavanti / / uparyukta padyameM 'sthiratA' kAraNa hai aura 'A~suoMkA rokanA' kArya hai| uttarArddha meM natonnata bhUmi bhAgakA alakSita honA kAraNa hai aura mArgameM padoMkA viSama honA kArya hai| maharSi kaNvakA zoka uTaja dvArapara balyartha ropita nIvArako dekhakara adhika bar3ha jAtA hai| yahA~ kavine nIvArabalikA avalokana kAraNake rUpameM aura zokavRddhiko kAryake rUpameM citrita kiyA hai| zamameSyati mama zokaH kathaM nu vatse tvayA racitapUrvam / uTajadvAravirUDhaM nIvArabaliM . vilokytH|| 1. vahI 49 * 2. vahI 4 / 13 3. vahI 4 / 15. . .. 4. vahI 4 / 21 ..

Page #96
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA manohara vastuoMko dekhakara aura madhura zabdoMko sunakara prasannacitta vyaktike utkaNThita ho jAnekA varNana kArya-kAraNa bhAva yukta hai / aklokana aura zravaNa kAraNa haiM, inase sukhAnvita vyaktikA utkaNThita honA kArya hai / kavine batAyA hairamyANi vIkSya madhurAMzca nizamya zabdAn paryutsuko bhavati yatsukhito'pi jantuH / taccetasA smarati nUnamabodhapUrva' bhAvasthirANi jananAntarasauhRdAni / / vaitAlika rAjA duSyantako prazaMsA karatA huA kahatA hai ki Apa sarvadA prajAkalyANameM saMlagna rahate haiM, ApakA kAryavyApAra hI isa prakArakA hai, jisase prajAko sukha-zAntikI prApti hotI hai / vRkSa apane sirapara tIvra AtApako sahana kara chAyAzritoMke santApako dUra karatA hai / isa prasaMgameM chAyA kAraNa aura tApazAnti kArya hai| rAjA duSyantakA kAryAvyApAra kAraNa aura prajAkalyANa kArya hai / yathA svasukhanirabhilASaH khidyase lokahetoH pratidinamathavA te vRttirevaMvidhaiva / anubhavati hi mUrnA pAdapastIvamuSNaM zamayati paritApaM chAyayA sazritAnAm / rAjA duSyanta hastinApurameM zakuntalAke avaguNThanavatI honeke kAraNa usake aparisphuTalAvaNyakA darzana karatA hai / isa prasaMgameM kArya-kAraNa bhI yojanA prabhAvaka rUpameM ghaTita huI hai / isIprakAra phalAgama rUpa kAraNadvArA vRkSoMke namra hone rUpa kAryakA, navAmbu ke kAraNa ghanoMke jhukane rUpa kAryakA aura samRddhiko prAptakara sajjana puruSoMke anuddhata hone rUpa kAryakA kavine varNana kiyA hai / ye donoM hI padya kArya-kAraNa bhAvakI yojanAdvArA kAvya sauMdaryakA sRjana karate haiM kAsvidavaguNThanavatI naatiprisphuttshriirlaavnnyaa|| madhye tapodhanAnAM kisalayamiva pANDupatrANAm / / bhavanti namrAstaravaH phalAgamainavAmbubhirdUravilambino ghnaaH| anuddhatAH satpuruSAH samRddhibhiH svabhAva eveSa paropakAriNAm / / jaba duSyanta zakuntalAkA pratyAkhyAna karatA hai, to zakuMtalAke akRtrima krodhake kAraNa usake manameM sandeha utpanna ho jAtA hai / vaha socatA hai - "sandigdhabuddhi mAM kurvannakaitava ivAsyAH kopo lkssyte""| isa cintaname zakuMtalAkA krodha kAraNa aura sandehakI utpatti kArya hai| isI kramameM zakuntalAkI lAla A~kheM kArya haiM aura usakA atyanta krodha kAraNa hai / isa kAryakAraNa bhAvakI yojanA dvArA zakuntalA aura duSyantake caritrapara bhI prakAza par3atA hai / mayyeva vismaraNadAruNacittavRttI vRttaM rahaH praNayamapratipadyamAne / bhedAbhruvoH kuTilayoratilohitAkSyA bhagnaM zarAsanamivAtiruSA smrsy|| 1. zAkuntala 5 / 2; 2. vahI 217 3. vahI 5 / 13 ; 4. vahI 5 / 12 5. vahI 22 padya ke anantaravAlA gadya, pR0 133 6. vahI 5 / 23 ,

Page #97
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAneM isa prakAra abhijJAna zAkuntalamke samasta aMkoMmeM kArya-kAraNa bhAvakI yojanA upalabdha hotI hai / isa nATaka meM durvAsAkA abhizApa svayaM kAraNa hai aura kArya hai zakuntalAkA parityAga, mudrikAkI puna: prApti kAraNa hai, to kArya hai duSyantakI zakuntalA viSayaka smRti aura usakA pazcAttApa / saptama aGka meM duSyanta svayaM Atmanivedana karatA huA kahatA hai 52 sutanu hRdayAtpratyAdezavyalIkamapetu te kimapi manasaH sammoho me tadA balavAnabhUt / . prabalatamasAmevaMprAyAH zubheSu hi vRttayaH srajamapi zirasyandhaH kSiptAM dhunotyahizaGkayA / / isa padya meM ajJAna kAraNake rUpameM varNita hai aura parityAga kAryake rUpameM / isa sandarbha meM tamoguNako kalyANakArI bRttiyoMko AcchAdita karanekA kAraNa mAnA gayA hai / maharSi mArIcane antameM rahasyakA udghATana karate hue kArya-kAraNa bhAvakA ullekha kiyA hai zApAdasi pratihatA smRtirodharukSe bhartaryapapetamasitat prabhutA tavaiva / chAyA na mUrchati malopahataprasAde zuddhe tu darpaNatale sulabhAvakAzA || zApake kAraNa tumhAre patikI smaraNa zakti ruka gaI thI, ataeva ve rUkhe ho gaye the aura unake dvArA tumhArA tiraskAra huA thaa| aba usakA ajJAna dUra ho gayA hai, ataH unapara tumhArI hI prabhutA rahegI / maile zIzemeM pratibimba sApha nahIM dikhalAyI detA hai para darpaNake svaccha hone para pratibimba spaSTa dikhalAyI par3ane lagatA hai / yahA~ zApa kAraNa aura smRtikA avarodha kArya; ajJAnakA abhAva kAraNa aura prabhutAkA sadbhAva kArya evaM malAbhASa kAraNa aura pratibimbakA svaccha darzana kArya hai / maharSi mArIcane zakuntalAko sAntvanA kArya-kAraNa bhAvakA nirdeza karate hue hI pradAna kI hai / viSaya vivecanakI dRSTise abhijJAna zAkuMtala ke prathama aMkameM saMga, dvitIya aMkameM kAma, tRtIya meM bhoga caturtha meM citA, paJcamameM pramAda, SaSThameM pazcAttApa aura saptamameM siddhikA pratipAdana huA hai / ina samasta viSayoMke mUlameM rAgabaddha cittavRtti hI kAraNa rUpameM pravRtta dikhalAyI par3atI hai / ataeva saMkSepameM isa nATakameM mAnava vRttiyoM kA kArya-kAraNa rUpa vistAra hI mAnA jA sakatA hai / mudrikA darzanake pazcAt samrAT duSyantako zakuMtalAkI tIvra smRti ho gayI aura vaha ajJAnatAke kAraNa kiye gaye zakuntalAke parityAgake lie pazcAttApa karane lgaa| rAjAko samasta manohara vastue~ nIrasa pratIta hone lagIM, vaha rAtri jAgakara vyatIta karane lgaa| jaba kabhI usase gotra skhalana ho jAtA, to use vizeSarUpase lajjita honA par3atA / kavi kahatA hairamyaM dveSTi yathA purA prakRtibhirna pratyahaM sevate zayyAprAntavivartanaivigamayatyunnidra eva kSapAH / dAkSiNyena dadAti vAcamucitAmantaHpurebhyo yadA gotreSu skhalitastadA bhavati ca krIr3AvilakSazciram // ' 1. zAkuntala- 'kAle' saMskaraNa 6 / 5;

Page #98
jaina nyAya evaM tattvamImAMsA prastuta padyameM vrIDAvilakSa kArya hai aura gotraskhalana kAraNa hai| isa kArya-kAraNabhAva dvArA rAjAkI zakuntalAke virahake kAraNa utpanna huI mAnasika avasthAkA paricaya prApta hotA hai| __duSyanta pratihArIko Adeza detA hai ki Aja vilambase jaganeke kAraNa dharmAsanapara baiThanA sambhava nahIM hai, ataeva amAtyase kahanA ki jina nAgarika kAryoMkA avalokana kiyA hai unheM patrameM car3hAkara bheja deN| ciraprabodhAnna sambhAvitamasmAbhiradya dharmAsanamadhyAsitum / yatpratyavekSitaM paurakAryamAryeNa tatpatramAropya diiytmiti'| yahA~ 'ciraprabodha' kAraNa hai aura 'dharmAsanapara AsIna honekI akSamatA' kArya hai| mudrikAko upAlambha detA huA duSyanta kahatA hai, ki mudrike, tumhArA puNya bhI mere hI samAna avazya nyUna hai, yaha phalase hI jJAta hotA hai / yahA~ phala-hAthase girajAnA kAraNa hai aura puNyakI nyUnatA kArya hai / ataH kAryakAraNa bhAva sambandhase kavine rAjAkI vibhinna bhAvanAoMkA citraNa kiyA hai| tava sucaritamaGgalIyaM nUnaM pratanu mameva vibhAvyate phalena / aruNanakhamanoharAsu tasyAzcyutamasi labdhapadaM ydnggliissu|| kisI apratyakSa sattAdvArA vidUSakake AkrAnta honepara duSyanta vicAra karatA hai ki pratidina pramAdajanya truTiyoMko pUrNatayA avagata karanA kaThina hai / yahA~ pramAdadvArA skhalana honA kAraNa hai aura isa kAraNase utpanna truTiyA~ kArya haiM / ___ indrakI sahAyatAkara svargase lauTate samaya duSyantakI mAtali prazaMsA karatA hai| vaha kahatA hai sukhaparasya harerubhayaiH kRtaM tridivamuddhRtadAnavakaNTakam / tava zarairadhunA nataparvabhiH puruSakesariNazca purA nakhaiH // yahA~ 'tridivamuddhRtadAnavakaNTakam' kArya hai aura 'tava zaraiH' tathA 'puruSakesariNaH nakhaH kAraNa haiM / ukta donoM kAraNoMmeM kAraNakA lakSaNa vidyamAna hai| __ svargase vApasa AtA huA rAjA duSyantakA ratha payodharoMke bIcase A rahA hai, jalakaNoMne usake cakrake prAntabhAgako Ardra kara diyA hai / isa prasaMgameM 'zIkara' kAraNa aura meghapathakA bodha kArya hai| 1. vahI SaSTha aGka 7veM padya kA pazcAtvartI gadya, pR0 150 ; 2. vahI 6 / 11; 3. vahI 73;

Page #99

Page #100
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 1. bihArake jaina tIrtha 2. rAjagRha : eka prAcIna jaina tIrtha-kSetra 3. jaina sAhityameM pratipAdita magadha janapada 4. dakSiNa bhAratameM jaina dharmakA praveza aura vistAra 5. jaina dharmake prabhAvaka puruSa evaM nAriyA~ 6. jaina dharmakA mahAn pracAraka-samrATa samprati 7. samrATa samprati aura usakI kRtiyA~ 8. AdipurANa meM varNita nArI 9. tIrthaMkaroMkI paJcakalyANaka tithiyA~ 10. jaina kalA : eka vizleSaNa 11. prAcIna jaina sikkoMkA adhyayana 12. somadevakA rAjanaitika vivecana 13. Jain Culture in Shahabad

Page #101

Page #102
bihAra ke jaina-tIrtha prastAvanA bihArake jainatIrtha akSaya, akSuNNa bhAratIya dhArmikatAke zAzvata, udIyamAna, ujjvala pratIka haiM / zrAvaNake saghana gagana-paTameM jaise kabhI nizIthakI tArikAe~ nIlavarNake caMcala-aMcalako saumya hAsase haTAkara kaThina kaThora kolAhalamayI isa bhU ko kSaNabharake lie nihAra letI hai aura mugdhA sI apane kAntimaya sundara zrImukhako punaH aMcalase Dhaka letI haiN| vaise hI zAnta hRdayameM smRtiyoMke aneka staroMke bIca ina tIrthokI pAvana smRti virAgatAko utpannakara prANoMkI zraddhAko jhakajhora detI hai / lagatA hai isa martyabhUmimeM anantakAla taka ina tIrthoke prema-praNayakA avirala pravAha uddAma rUpase pravAhita hotA rahe aura inake darzana-vandanase cirasaMcita karmakAlimAko hama prakSAlita karate raheM / eka kalpanA uThatI hai ki bihArake ina jainatIrthoke zubha bhAla para Sor3aza kalAkalita vidhune prAcInakAlase Agata apano kalaMkakAlimAko dhoneke lie hI apanI jyotsanAko vikIrNa kiyA hai| prANoMkA amUrtadharma ina tIrthokI naisargika AbhAga mUrta ho gayA hai / jIvana kI samasta virUpatAoM, durgharSa pAzavikatAke zilAkhaNDoM, adhArmika pravRttiyoMke zoSaNajanya rudra dRzyAvaliyoMse dUra ye tIrthaprAnta mAnavako carama zAntikA sandeza dete hue dharmapravartakoMkA pratinidhitva kara rahe haiM / inakA dhArmika vaibhava yugoMke antarAlameM apanI suSamAkA gauravamaya itihAsa chupAve bahatA AyA hai| hRdayako prakANDa niSThAke ye jIvita prANa haiN| inakI jhalaka cetanAkA vaha vikampana hai jo dAnavako mAnava. sarAgIko virAgI banAne meM pUrNa sakSama haiN| svapna jAgaraNake mUka milana para ye eka suSupta AhlAda jagAte haiM / ahiMsA aura satyakA mauna bhASAmeM upadeza de mAnavako sumArga para le jAte haiM / bhAvuka, zraddhAlu ina tIrthoMmeM vizvAsa aura zraddhAkI ikAiyoMmeM phailI sArI mAnyatAoMkA avalokana karatA hai| inakI akhaNDa zAnti, mohaka prAkRtika dRzya, aNu-aNumeM vyApta saralatA sahaja hI darzakako apanI ora AkRSTa karatI hai| gagana-cumbI zalarAjoMke uttuGga zRMgoM para nirmita jinAlaya pratyeka bhAvukakI hRttaMtriyoMko jhaMkRta karane meM samartha haiM / ataeva "saMsArAbdherapArasya taraNe tIrthamiSyate'' yaha sArthakatA inameM vidyamAna hai| vargIkaraNa jaina-saMskRti aura jainakalAkI Adarzonmukha uThAna bihArake ina jainatIrthoMko hama suvidhAke lie nimna vargoMmeM vibhakta kara sakate haiM : siddhabhUmi tIrtha, tapobhUmi aura jJAnabhUmi tIrtha, janmabhUmi tIrtha aura sAdhAraNa tIrtha / siddhabhUmi tIrtha ve haiM, jahA~se karmajAla naSTakara tIrthakara aura sAmAnya kevaliyoMne ajaraamara nirvANapada upalabdha kiyA hai| kahanA na hogA ki bihArakI puNya dharAko RSabhanAtha 1. AdipurANa parva 4, zloka 8

Page #103
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna aura neminAthake atirikta avazeSa bAIsa tIrthaMkaroMkI nirvANa prAptikA gaurava upalabdha hai / bihAra kI bhUmi isa artha meM zreSTha hai, bar3abhAgina hai / zrI sammeda zikhara (pArasanAtha parvata), pAvApurI, campApurI ( nAthanagara - bhAgalapura), rAjagRha, guNAvA, mandAragiri aura kamaladaha (gulajArabAga paTanA ) ye tIrtha bihAra meM siddhabhUmi mAne jAte haiM / 58 tapobhUmi aura jJAnabhUmi, ve tIrtha haiM; jahA~ para tIrthaMkara yA anya munirAjoMne tapasyA kI ho - pravrajyA grahaNa kI ho tathA ghAtiyA karmoMko cUrakara kaivalya prApta kiyA ho / ye sthAna haiM rAjagirike nikaTavartI nIla vanapradeza, RjukUlA nadIkA taTavartI jambhikA grAma, rAjagRhakI paMca pahAr3iyA~, kulahA pahAr3a' (hajArIbAga) Adi / ina sthAnoMmeM tIrthaMkara athavA munirAjoMne pravrajyA grahaNa kI athavA vizvako Alokita karane vAle jJAna-puJjako prApta kiyA thA / Aja bhI ina bhUkhaNDoMse jJAnakI pratidhvani sunAI par3atI hai| ye nIrava sthAna mAnavako aparimita zAnti aura tRpti pradAna karate haiM / janmabhUmi tIrtha ve haiM, jahA~ tIrthakaroM kA janma huA ho / tIrthakaroMke janma lenese vaha bhUmi unakI krIr3AbhUmi hotI hai, jisase unake puNyAtizayake kAraNa vahA~kA kaNa-kaNa pavitra hotA hai / bihArake mithilA pradeza meM unnIsaveM tIrthaMkara mallinAtha aura ikkIsaveM tIrthaMkara naminAthakA; rAjagRha meM bIsaveM tIrthaMkara munisuvratanAthakA evaM vaizAlIke kSatriyakuNDa grAma meM aMtima tIrthaMkara mahAvIra svAmIkA janma huA hai / bArahaveM tIrthakara vAsupUjyakI janmabhUmi caMpA hai| sAdhAraNa tIrtha ve haiM, jahA~ prAcIna yA arvAcIna jinAlaya haiM, jinakI pUjA-vandanA pratidina kI jAtI hai| aise tIrtha bihAra meM jahA~-jahA~ jainoMkI AbAdI haiM, sarvatra / ArA, gayA Adi pramukha haiM / bihAra meM kucha aise bhI prAcIna tIrtha haiM jinakA itihAsa Aja taka andhakArAcchanna hai | zrAvaka pahAr3a aura pracAra pahAr3a, ye donoM jainatIrtha gayA jilemeM haiM; jahA~ jaina mUrtiyoM ke dhvaMsAvazeSa upalabdha haiM / siddha bhUmiyA~ bihAra kI siddhabhUmiyoM meM sabase pramukha sammedazikhara hai / ataH kramAnusAra sabhI siddhabhUmiyoMkA nirUpaNa karanA Avazyaka hai / zrI sammeda zikhara, isa sthAnakA dUsarA nAma pArzvanAthaparvata hai, yaha jilA hajArIbAgake antargata hai / 1. kuluhA pahAr3a zrI zAntinAtha bhagavAnkI tapobhUmi hai / 2. mihilAe mallijiNo pahavadie kuMbhaakkhidosehi / maggasira sukka ekkadasIe saMjAdo || mahilApurie jAdo vijayarNAriMde Na vappilAe ca / assiNirikkhe AsADhasukkadasamIe NamisAmI || rAyagihe bhuNisuvvayadevo paumAsu mittarAehi / assajudavArasIe sidapavase sabaNabhe jAde // siddhattharAyapiyakAriNIhi yarammi kuMDale vIro / uttaraphagguNirikkhe cittasiyAterasIe uppaNo // -tiloyapaNNatti, caturtha adhikAra, gAthA 544, 545,556, 149

Page #104
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti girIDIha sTezana se 18 mIla aura pArasanAtha ( IsarI) sTezana se lagabhaga 15 mIlakI dUrI para hai / isa zailarAjakI uttuMga zikhAe~ prAkRtika aura sAMskRtika garimAkA gAna Aja bhI gA rahI hai / yaha samudra garbhase 4488 phuTa U~cA hai / dekhane meM bar3A sundara hai / ghanI vanasthalI se ghire DhAlU saMkIrNapathase pahAr3I para car3hAI Arambha hotI hai / jaise hI prayANa karate haiM, parvatarAjakI vismayajanaka zobhA udbhAsita hone lagatI hai aura bIca-bIca meM nAnA ramaNIya dRzya dikhalAI dete haiM / lagabhaga eka sahasra phuTa U~cA jAne para ATha coTiyoMke bIca pArzvanAtha coTI bAdaloM ke bIca gumma-sI pratIta hotI hai / aneka aMgreja yAtriyoMne muktakaMThase isa ramaNIya sthalakA varNana kiyA hai / san 1819 meM kolonela phaiklinane (Colonel Franklin ) isakI yAtrA kI thI / 59 isa parvata kI sabase U~cI coTI sammedazikhira kahalAtI hai / yaha zabda sammada + zikhara kA rUpAntara pratIta hotA hai / isakI niSpatti sam + mada ghaJartha meM ka athavA ac pratyaya karane para harSa yA harSayukta hogA / tAtparya yaha hai ki isakI U~cI coTIko maMgalazikhara (The peak of the bliss) kahA jAtA hai / kucha logoM kA anumAna hai ki jainazramaNa isa parvatapara tapasyAe~ kiyA karate the isalie isa parvatakI U~cI coTIkA nAma samaNazikhara se sammedazikhara ho gayA hai / isa zailarAjase caubIsa tIrthaMkaroMmeMse ajitanAtha, saMbhavanAtha, abhinandananAtha, sumatinAtha, padmaprabha, supArzvanAtha, candraprabha, puSpadanta, zItalanAtha, zreyAMsanAtha, vimalanAtha, anantanAtha, dharmanAtha zAntinAtha, kunthunAtha, arahanAtha, mallinAtha, munisuvratanAtha, naminAtha aura pArzvanAtha ina bIsa tIrthakaroMne karmakAlimAko naSTakara janma-maraNase mukti prApta kI hai / vardhamAna kavine apane daza bhaktyAdi mahAzAstrameM pArzvanAtha parvatakI pavitratAkA varNana karate hue zrI rAmacandrajIkA nirvANasthAna ise batalAyA hai / jisa prakAra sUrya apanI kiraNoMse andhakArako naSTa kara detA hai usI prakAra isa kSetrakI arcanA karanese samasta pApa naSTa ho jAte haiM / kavine isa zailarAjako ananta kevaliyoMkI nirvANabhUmi batAyA hai / zrI paM0 AzAdharajIne apane triSaSTismRtizAstrameM rAma aura hanumAnakA muktisthAna sammedAcalako mAnA hai / raviSeNAcArya ne apane padmapurANa meM hanUmAnakA nirvANasthAna bhI isI 1. vIsaM tu jiNavaridA amarAsuravaMdidA dhudakilesA / sammede girisihire nivvANagayA Namo tesi // - nirvANakANDa gAthA- 2 zeSAstu te jinavarA jitamohamallA, sthAnaM paraM niravadhArita saukhyaniSThaM, jJAnArkabhUrikiraNairavabhAsya lokAn / sammedaparvatatale samavApurIzAH / / -- nirvANabhakti zlo0 25 vizeSake lie dekheM - tiloyapaNNatti, adhikAra 4 gAthA 1986 - 1200 2. ananta - jinanirvANe munisuvratajanmani / upadezazca nAsmAkaM jinasenAcArya zAsane || amAvAsyAgrarAtrau vAnantajijjinanirvRttiH / saMjAtApyanagAra kevalivibhoH zrIrAmacandrasya vai / zroddhaphAlguna zuklapakSavilasaccAturdazIvAsare / pUrvAhNe kulazailamastakamaNau sammedagiryaprakau // zAstAnirvRtiratra lakSmaNamateH sItAvalI zrIpateH / / - dazabhaktyAdizAstra / 3. sAketametatsiddhArthavane zritvA balastapaH / zivaguptajinAtsiddhaH samme de guNamadAdiyuka || - triSaSTismRti ilo0 80

Page #105
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna parvatako bag2alAyA hai' / zrI guNabhadrAcAryane uttarapurANa meM sugrIva, hanUmAna aura rAmacandra Adiko isa zailarAjase mukta hue kahA hai / 2 zrI sammedazikhara mAhAtmya meM caubIsa tIrthakaroM ke tIrthakAla meM isa pavitra tIrtha kI yAtrA karanevAle una vyaktiyoMke AkhyAna diye gaye haiM; jinhoMne isa tIrthakI vaMdanAse aneka laukika phaloMko prApta kiyA tathA dIkSA lekara tapasyA kI aura isI zailarAjase nirvANapada pAyA / digambara AgamoMke samAna zvetAmbara granthoMmeM bhI isa kSetrakI mahattA svIkAra kI gayI hai | vividha tIrthakalpameM pavitra tIrthoMkI nAmAvalI batalAte hue kahA gayA hai ayodhyA - mithilA-campA - zrAvastI hastinApure / kauzAmbI - kAzi- kAkandI - kAmpilye - bhadralAbhidhe // candrAnanA - siMhapure tathA rAjagRhe pure / ratnavAhe zauryapure kuNDagrAme'pyapAdayA || zrIraivataka-sammeda - vaibhArA'STApadAdriSu / yAtrAyAsmisteSu yAtrAphalAcchataguNaM phalam / / isa prakAra isa tIrtha kI pavitratA svataH siddha hai / yaha eka prAcIna tIrtha hai; parantu vartamAna meM isa kSetra meM eka bhI prAcIna cihna upalabdha nahIM hai / yahA~ke sabhI jinAlaya Adhunika haiM, tIna-cAra sau varSa se pahale kA koI bhI mandira nahIM hai / pratimAe~ bhI idhara sau varSoMke bIcakI haiM / kevala do-tIna digambara mUrtiyA~ jIvarAja pApar3IvAla dvArA pratiSThita haiM; parantu inakI pratiSThA bhI madhuvanameM yA isa kSetrase sambaddha kisI sthAnameM nahIM huI hai / ataeva yaha spaSTa hai ki bIcameM kucha varSoMtaka isa kSetrameM logoMkA AvAgamana nahIM hotA thA / isakA pradhAna kAraNa musalamAnI saltanata meM Antarika upadravoMkA honA tathA yAtAyAtakI asuvidhAoMkA rahanA bhI hai / auraMgajebake zAsanake uparAnta hI yaha punaH prakAza meM AyA hai / tabase aba taka prativarSa sahasroM yAtrI isakI arcanA, vandanA kara puNyArjana karate haiM / 18 vIM zatI meM to aMgreja yAtriyoMne bhI isa kSetrakI yAtrA kara yahA~kA prAkRtika, bhaugolika evaM aitihAsika vivaraNa prastuta kiyA hai tathA tatkAlIna sthitikA spaSTa citraNa kiyA hai" / parvatakI car3hAI, utarAI aura vaMdanAkA kSetra kula 18 mIla tathA parikramAkA kSetra 28 mIla hai / madhuvanase do mIla car3hAI para mArga meM gandharva nAlA aura isase eka mIla Age sItA nAlA par3atA hai / 1. nirdagdhamohanicayo jainendraM prApya puSkalaM jJAnanidhim / nirvANagirAvasidhacchrIzailaH zramaNasattamaH puruSaraviH // -parva 13, 45 2. dine sammedagiryagre tRtIyaM zuklamAzritaH / yogatritayamAruSya samucchinnakriyAzrayaH // - uttarapurANa parva 68 zlo0 719 3. vividhatIrthakalpa pR0 3 / 4. A statical Account of Bengal volume X VI P. 30-33 5. Pilgrimage to Parsvanath in 1820, Edited by James Burgess, lled 1902, p. 36-45. tathA vizeSa jAnaneke lie dekheM - sammedazikhara nAmaka vistRta nibandha

Page #106
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti Aja isa kSetrameM digambara aura zvetAmbara jainadharmazAlAe~, mandira evaM anya sAMskRtika sthala haiM / pahAr3ake Upara 25 gumma meM haiM, jinameM nirvANaprApta 20 tIrthaMkara, gautama gaNadhara evaM avazeSa cAra tIrthakaroMkI caraNa-pAdukAeM sthApita haiM / pahAr3ake nIce madhuvanameM bhI vizAla jinamandira haiM jinameM bhavya evaM cittAkarSaka mUttiyA~ sthApita kI gayI haiN| bhAva sahita isa kSetrake darzana, pUjana karanese 49 bhavameM nizcayataH nirvANa prApta hotA hai tathA naraka aura tiryak gatikA baMdha nahIM hotaa| pAvApurI ____ antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmIkI nirvANabhUmi pAvApurI, jise zAstrakAroMne pAvAke nAmase smaraNa kiyA hai, atyanta pavitra hai| isa pavitra nagarIke padmasarovarase I0 pU0 527 meM 72 varSakI AyumeM bhagavAn mahAvIrane kAttika vadI amAvasyAke dina uSAkAlameM nirvANapada prApta kiyA thaa| pracalita yaha pAvApurI, jise purI bhI kahA jAtA hai, vihArazarIpha sTezanase 9 mIla dUrIpara hai| digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM hI sampradAya vAle isa tIrthako samAna rUpase bhagavAn mahAvIrako nirvANabhUmi mAnate haiM / parantu aitihAsikoMmeM isa sthAnake sambandhameM matabheda haiM / mahApaNDita zrI rAhula sAMkRtyAyana gorakhapura jileke papaura grAmako hI pAvApura batAte haiM, yaha paDaronAke pAsa hai aura kasayAse 12 mIla uttara-pUrvako hai / malla logoMke gaNatantrakA sabhAbhavana isI nagarameM thaa| ___ munizrI kalyANavijaya gaNI vihArazarIphake nikaTa vAlI pAvAko hI bhagavAnkI nirvANanagarI mAnate haiM / ApakA kahanA hai ki prAcIna bhAratameM pAvA nAmakI tIna nagarI thIM / jainasUtroMke anusAra eka pAvA bhaigidezakI rAjadhAnI thii| yaha pradeza pArzvanAtha parvatake Asa-pAsake bhUmibhAgameM phailA huA thA, jisameM hajArIbAga aura mAnabhUmi jiloMke bhAga zAmila haiN| bauddhasAhityake marmajJa kucha vidvAn isa pAvAko malaya dezakI rAjadhAnI batAte haiM / kintu jainasUtra granthoM ke anusAra yaha bhaMgIdezakI rAjadhAnI hI siddha hotI hai / dUsarI pAvA kozalase uttara-pUrva kuzInArAkI ora malla rAjyakI rAjadhAnI thI, jise rAhulajIne svIkAra kiyA hai / tIsarI pAvA magadha janapadameM thI, jo Ajakala tIrthakSetra ke rUpameM mAnI jA rahI hai| ina tInoM pAvAoMmeM pahalI pAvA Agneya dizAmeM aura dUsarI pAvA vAyavya koNameM sthita thI / ataH 1. kattiyakille codasipaccUse sAdiNAmaNavakhate / pAvAe NayarIe ekko vIresaro siddho // -tiloyapaNNatti 4, 1208 kramAtpAvApuraM prApya manoharavanAntare / bahUnAM sarasAM madhye mahAmaNizilAtale / / sthitvA dinadvayaM vItavihAro vRddhanirjaraH / kAttikakRSNapakSasya caturdazyAM nizAtyaye / svAtiyoge tRtIyeddha zukladhyAnaparAyaNaH / kRtatriyogasaMrodhasamucchinnakriyaM zritaH / / hatAghAticatuSkaH sannazarIro guNAtmakaH / gataM munisahasreNa nirvANaM sarvavAMchitam / / -uttarapurANa parva 76 zlo0 508-12

Page #107
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna ullikhita tIsarI pAvA madhyamAke nAmase prasiddha thI / bhagavAn mahAvIrakA antima cAturmAsya tathA nirvANa isI pAvAmeM huA hai / ' 62 zrI DA0 rAjabalI pANDeyakA 'bhagavAn mahAvIrakI nirvANabhUmi' zIrSaka eka nibandha prakAzita huA hai / Apane isameM kuzInagarase vaizAlIkI ora jAtI huI sar3aka para kuzInagarase 9 mIlakI dUrI para pUrva-dakSiNa dizAmeM saThiyAMva ke bhagnAvazeSa ( phAjilanagara ) ko nizcita kiyA hai / yaha bhagnAvazeSa lagabhaga Der3ha mIla vistRta hai aura bhoganagara tathA kuzInagara ke bIca meM sthita hai / yahA~ para jaina mUrtiyoMke dhvaMsAvazeSa abhItaka pAye jAte haiM / bauddha sAhitya meM jo pAvAkI sthiti batalAyI gayI hai, vaha bhI isI sthAna para ghaTita hotI hai / ina tInoM pAvAoM kI sthitipara vicAra karanese aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki bhagavAn mahAarrat nirvANabhUmi pAvA DA0 rAjabalI pANDeya dvArA nirUpita hI hai / isI sthAna para kAzIkozalake nau licchavI tathA nau malla evaM aThAraha gaNarAjoMne dIpaka jalAkara bhagavAnkA nirvAotsava manAyA thA / nandivarddhanake dvArA bhagavAn ke nirvANa sthAnakI puNyasmRti meM jisa mandirakA nirmANa kiyA gayA thA, Aja vahI mandira phAjilanagarakA dhvaMsAvazeSa hai / isa mandirako bhI eka mIlake gherekA batAyA gayA hai tathA yaha dhvaMsAvazeSa bhI lagabhaga eka-Der3ha mIlakA hai / aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki musalamAnI salatanatakI jyAdatiyoMke kAraNa isa prAcIna tIrthako chor3akara madhya pAvAko hI tIrtha mAna liyA gayA hai / yahA~para kSetrakI prAcInatAkA dyotaka koI bhI cihna nahIM hai / adhika-se-adhika tIna sau varSoMse isa kSetrako tIrtha svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / yahA~ para samavazaraNa mandirakI caraNapAdukA hI itanI prAcIna hai, jisase ise sAta-ATha sau varSa prAcIna kaha sakate haiM / merA to anumAna hai ki isa caraNapAdukAko kahIM bAharase lAyA gayA hogA / yaha anumAnataH 10 vIM zatIkI mAlUma hotI hai, isa pAdukA para kisI bhI prakArakA koI lekha utkIrNa nahIM haiM / isa caraNapAdukAkI prAcInatA ke AdhAra para hI kucha loga isI pAvApurIko bhagavAn kI nirvANabhUmi batalAte hai | jalamandirameM jo bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmIkI caraNapAdukA hai, vaha bhI kamase kama chaH sau varSa prAcIna haiN| ye caraNacihna bhI purAtana honeke kAraNa galane lage haiM / yadyapi ina caraNoM para bhI koI lekha nahIM hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmIke caraNoMke agala-bagalameM sudharma aura gautama svAmIke bhI caraNacihna haiM / pAvApurImeM jalamandira saMgamaramarakA banAyA gayA hai / yaha mandira eka tAlAba ke madhya meM sthita hai / mandira taka jAneke lie lagabhaga 600 phuTa lambA lAla pattharakA pula hai / mandirakI bhavyatA aura zilpakArI darzanIya hai / dharmazAlA meM eka vizAla mandira nIce hai, jisameM kaI vediyA~ haiM / nIce sAmane vAlI vedImeM zvetavarNa pASANakI mahAvIra svAmIkI mUlanAyaka pratimA hai / isa vedImeM kula 14 pratimAe~ virAjamAna haiM / sAmane vAlI vedIke bAyeM hAthakI ora tIna prAcIna pratimAe~ haiM / ina pratimAoMmeM dharmacakrake nIce eka ora hAthI aura dUsarI ora bailake * cihna aMkita kiye gaye haiM / yadyapi ina mUrtiyoM para koI zilA - lekhAdi nahIM hai; phira bhI kalAkI 1. zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra pR0 375 2. varNI - abhinandana grantha pR0 211 - 214

Page #108
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti ___63 dRSTise ye nizcayataH 8-9 sau varSa prAcIna haiM / mandira meM praveza karane para dAhinI ora prAcIna pArzvanAthakI pratimA hai / isa pratimAmeM dharmacakrake donoM ora do siMha aMkita kiye gaye haiM / Upara cAra mandira hai- ( 1 ) zolApura vAloMkA ( 2 ) zrI jagamaga bIbIkA mandira ( 3 ) zrI bA0 haraprasAda dAsajI ArA vAloMkA mandira aura ( 4 ) jambUprasAda jI sahAranapura vAloMkA mandira / ye sabhI mandira Adhunika haiM, pratimAeM bhI Adhunika haiM / campApurI campApurI kSetrase bArahaveM tIrthakara vAsupUjya svAmIne nirvANa prApta kiyA hai / tiloyapaNNattimeM batAyA gayA hai ki phAlguna kRSNa paMcamIke dina aparAhnakAlameM azvinI nakSatrake rahate chaH sau eka muniyoMse yukta vAsupUjya svAmIne nirvANa prApta kiyaa| yadyapi uttarapurANameM bAsupUjya svAmIkA nirvANa sthAna mandAragiri batAyA gayA hai| kucha itihAsajJoMkA yaha kahanA haiM ki prAcInakAlameM campAnagarakA adhika vistAra thA, ataH yaha mandAragiri usa samaya isI mahAn nagarIko sImAmeM sthita thA / bhagavAn vAsupUjya isa campAnagarameM eka hajAra varSataka rahe the| zvetAmbara Agama granthoMmeM batAyA gayA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIrane yahA~ tIna cAturmAsa vyatIta kiye the| campAke pAsa pUrNabhadra caitya nAmaka prasiddha udyAna thA, jahA~ mahAvIra Thaharate the / zreNikake putra ajAtazatrune ise magadhakI rAjadhAnI banAyA thaa| vAsupUjya svAmIke campAmeM hI anya cAra kalyANaka bhI hue| , campApura bhAgalapurase 4 mIla aura nAthanagara relave sTezanase milA huA hai / jisa sthAna para vAsupUjya svAmIko nirvANa huA mAnA jAtA hai, usI sthAna para eka vizAla mandira aura dharmazAlA hai / mandirameM pA~ca vediyA~ haiM-cAra vediyA~ cAroM konoMmeM aura eka madhyameM / madhya vedImeM pratimAoMke Age vAsupUjya svAmIke caraNa kAle patthara para aMkita kiye gaye haiN| ina caraNoMke nIce nimna-lekha aMkita hai| - svasti zrI jaya zrImaGgala saMvat 1693 zakaH 1559 manunAmasambatsare (saMvatsare) mArgazira (mArgazIrSa) zuklA 2 zanI zubhamuhuttaM zrImUlasaMgha sarasvatIgacchabalAtkAragaNe kundakundAnvaye bhaTTAraka zrIkumundacandrastatpaTTe bha0 zrI dharmacandropadezAt jayapura zubhasthAnabagheravAla jJAti se0 zrIpAsA bhA0 se0 zrIsunoI tathA puprasazrI 5 nAmA0 zrI sajAImataM campAvAsupUjyasya zikhabaddha zikharabaddha prAsAda kAraNya praviSThA va"vidyAbhUSaNaiH pratiSThitaM ddhitAM zrI jinadhamyaM / / 1. campApure ca vasupUjyasutaH sudhImAn siddhi parAmupagato gatarAgabandhaH / ... -nirvANabhakti zlo0 22 2. phagguNabahule paMcamiavarahe assiNIsu caMpAe / eyAhiyachasayajudo siddhigado vAsupujjajiNo / .tiloya paNNatti a0 4 gA0 1196 3. guNabhadrAcAryakA uttarapurANa parva 58. , . . . 4. caMpAeM vAsupujjo vasapujjaNaresaMreNa vijayAe / pharaguNasuddhacauddasIe Nakkhattai puvvabhaddapade ||-tiloy paNNatti a0 4 gA0 537

Page #109
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna 'merA anumAna hai ki jisa sthAna para Ajakala yaha mandira banA hai, usa sthAna para vAsupUjya svAmI garbha, janma, tapa aura jJAna ye cAra kalyANa hue haiM / nirvANasthAna to mandAragiri hI hai / 64 campApurake do jinAlayoMmeMse bar3e jinAlayake uttara-pazcima ke konekI vedImeM zvetavarNa pASANakI vAsupUjya svAmIkI pratimA hai / yaha pratimA mAgha zuklA dazamIko saMvat 1932 meM pratiSThita kI gayI hai / isI vedI meM 5-6 anya pratimAe~ bhI haiM / pUrvottara ke konekI vedImeM bhI mUlanAyaka vAsupUjya svAmI kI hI pratimA hai, isakI pratiSThA bhI saMvat 1932 meM hI huI hai| isa vedImeM do pratimAe~ pArzvanAtha svAmIkI pASANamayI haiM / eka para saMvat 1585 aura dUsarI para saMvat 1744 kA lekha aMkita hai / pUrva-dakSiNa konekI vedI meM mUlanAyaka pratimA pUrvokta samayakI vAsupUjya svAmIkI hai / isa vedImeM bhagavAn RSabhanAthakI eka khaDgAsana prAcIna pratimA hai, jisameM madhyameM dharmacakra aura isake donoM ora do hAthI aMkita haiM / dakSiNa-pazcima konekI vedImeM bhI mUlanAyaka vAsupUjya svAmIkI pratimA saMvat 1932 kI pratiSThita hai / isa vedImeM eka pArzvanAtha svAmIkI pASANamayI pratimA jIvarAja pApar3IvAlI dvArA pratiSThita saMvat 1554 kI hai / bIsavIM zatAbdIkI kaI pratimAe~ bhI isa vedI meM haiM / madhyakI mukhya vedI meM cA~dIke bhavya siMhAsana para 4 / / phuTa U~cI pItavarNakI pASANamaya vAsupUjya svAmIkI pratimA hai / mUla nAyakake donoM ora aneka dhAtu pratimAe~ virAjamAna haiM / bar3e mandira ke Age mugalakAlIna sthApatya kalAke jvalanta pramANa svarUpa do mAnastambha haiM; jinakI U~cAI kramazaH 55 aura 35 phITa hai / mandirake mUla phATakapara nakkAsIdAra kivAr3a haiM / mUla mandirakI dIvAloMpara sukauzala muni upasarga, sItAkI agniparIkSA, draupadIkA cIraharaNa Adi kaI bhavya citra aMkita kiye gaye haiM / draupadIke cIraharaNa aura sItAkI agniparIkSAmeM darabArakA dRzya bhI dikhalAyA gayA hai / yadyapi ina citroMkA nirmANa hAla hI meM huA hai, para jainakalAkI apanI vizeSatA nahIM A pAyI hai / isa mandirase Adha mIla gaMgA nadIke nAleke taTapara, jisako campAnAlA kahate haiM, eka jainamandira aura dharmazAlA hai / isa mandira meM nIce zvetAmbarI pratimAe~ aura Upara digambara AdinAtha kI pratimA virAjamAna haiN| ina pratimAoM meM se kaI pratimAe~, jo campAnAlAse nikalI haiM, bahuta prAcIna haiM / anya pratimAoMmeM eka zveta pASANakI 1515 ko pratiSThita tathA eka mUMgiyA raMgake pASANakI padmAsana saM0 1881 meM bhaTTAraka jagatkIti dvArA pratiSThita hai / pratiSThA karAne vAle campApurake santalAla haiM / yahA~ anya kaI choTI pratimAoMke atirikta eka caraNapAdukA bhI hai / zvetAmbara AgamameM isI sthAnako bhagavAn vAsupUjya svAmIke garbha, janma, tapa, jJAna aura nirvANa ina paMcakalyANakoMkA sthAna mAnA gayA hai / zrI DablU0 DablU hanTarane bhAgalapurakA sTeTikala ekAunTa dete hue likhA hai ki jahA~ Ajakala campAnagarameM jainamandira hai, usa sthAnako khvAjA ahamadane san 1622-23 meM AbAda

Page #110
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 65 kiyA thaa| isa sthAnake Asa-pAsakA mohallA akabarapura kahalAtA hai| yaha sthAna bahuta prAcIna hai, yahA~ para araNya haiM / mandAragiri bhAgalapurase 31 mIla dakSiNa eka choTA-sA pahAr3a anumAnataH 700 phuTa U~cA eka hI zilAkA hai / yaha prAcIna kSetra hai / yahA~se bhagavAn vAsupUjyane nirvANa lAbha kiyA hai| uttara purANameM batAyA gayA hai sa taiH saha vihRtyAkhilAryakSetrANi tarpayan / dharmavRSTyA kramAtprApya campAmabdasahasrakam / / sthitvAtra niSkriyo mAsaM nadyA rAjatamaulikAsaMjJAyAzcittahAriNyAH paryantAvanivattini / / agramandarazailasya sAnusthAnavibhUSaNe / vane manoharodyAne palyaMkAsanamAzritaH / / mAse bhAdrapade jyotsne cturdshyaapraahnke| vizAkhAyAM yayau mukti caturnavatisaMyataiH // -uttarapurANa parva 58 zlo0 50-53 isase spaSTa hai ki vAsupUjya svAmI kA nirvANa sthAna yahI hai; jahA~ Ajakala campApurakA mandira sthita hai, vahA~se bhagavAnkA nirvANa nahIM huA hai / ina zlokoMmeM batAyA gayA hai ki rajatamauli nAmaka nadIke kinArekI bhUmipara sthita mandAragirike zikharapara sthita manohara nAmaka udyAnase bhAdrapada zuklA caturdazIke dina sandhyA samaya vizAkhA nakSatrameM 94 munirAjoMke sAtha vAsupUjya svAmIne nirvANapada prApta kiyaa| bhaugolika dRSTise patA lagAnepara jJAta huA ki prAcIna rajatamauli nadI Ajakala bhI rajata nAmase prasiddha hai / bhASA vijJAnakI apekSAse rajatamaulikA rajata nAma sahaja sambhava hai| ataeva vAsupUjya svAmI kA yahI mandAragiri nirvANa sthAna hai / ' pahAr3ake Upara do bahuta prAcIna jinAlaya haiM, inakI sthApatya kalA hI isa bAtakI sAkSI hai ki ye mandira Ajase kamase kama 10 hajAra varSa prAcIna haiM / bar3e mandirakI dIvAlakI caur3AI 7 phITa hai, jo bauddha kAlakI sthApatyakalAkA sUcaka hai / pahAr3ake bar3e mandira meM vAsupUjya svAmIke zyAmavarNake caraNacihna haiN| ye caraNa bhI bahuta prAcIna haiM, pASANa evaM zilpakI dRSTise I0 san kI 8-9vIM zatIke avazya haiM / pahAr3aparake choTe mandirameM tIna caraNapAdukAe~ haiM / ye pAdukAeM bhI prAcIna haiM tathA nirvANa prApta munirAjoMkI mAnI jAtI haiM / bar3e mandirake 1. nirvANakANDa aura tiloyapaNNattimeM yadyapi vAsupUjya svAmIkA nirvANa campApurI mAnA gayA hai; para isameM koI virodha nahIM hai| kyoMki jainAgamameM campApurIkA vistAra 96 mIla lambA aura 36 mIla caur3A batAyA gayA hai / ataH mandAragiri isI campAke antargata hai| tiloyapaNNatti aura nirvANakANDameM sAmAnyApekSayA kathana hai, isalie campA likhA hai, parantu uttarapurANameM vizeSa rUpase sthAnakA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| ataH vAsupUjya svAmIkA nirvANasthAna mandAragiri hai|

Page #111
66 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna bhItarI daravAje ke Upara eka prAcIna mUrti utkIrNita hai / pAsakI eka guphAmeM munirAjoM ke caraNacihna aMkita haiM / mandAragirise lagabhaga do mIlakI dUrIpara bauMsI gAMva meM di0 jaina dharmazAlA evaM vizAla bhavya mandira hai / yAtriyoMke ThaharanekA prabandha yahIM para hai / dharmazAlAke mandirameM vI0 saM0 2469 kI gehuAMvarNakI vAsupUjya svAmIkI padmAsana mUrti hai / aura bhI kaI mUrtiyA~ evaM caraNa pAdukAe~ haiM / mandirake bAhirI daravAjeke Upara donoM ora do pASANake hAthI apane suNDAdaNDako Upara kI ora uThAye khar3e hue haiM, bIca saMgamaramara para di0 jaina mandira likhA gayA hai / bar3e zikharake nIce mAjika meM kaTI huI phUla pattiyoMkA zikhara bahuta hI bhavya aura cittAkarSaka hai / mandirake sAmane banA huA choTA saMgamaramarakA cabUtarA dUrase dekhanepara bahuta hI suhAvanA mAlUma par3atA hai / yahA~ eka anya adhUrA mandira par3A huA hai, isa maMdirako patthara hI patthara se banavAne - kI vyavasthA zrI seTha talakacanda vArAmatI (pUnA) vAloMne kI thI; para kAlacakra ke prabhAvase yaha maMdira abhI apUrNa hI par3A hai / jainetaroMke lie bhI yaha kSetra pavitra aura mAnya hai / yahA~ sItAkuNDa aura zekha kuNDa nAmaka do zItala jalake kuNDa haiM / parvatakI talahaTI meM pApaharaNI puSkaraNI nAmaka tAlAba hai / kahA jAtA hai ki samudra maMthana ke samaya mathAnIkA kArya isI parvatase liyA gayA thA / bIcameM kaI zatAbdiyoM taka jainoMkI zithilatAke kAraNa yaha tIrtha andhakArAcchanna ho gayA thA / 20 aktUbara san 1911 meM sabalapura ke jamIMdAroMse isakI rajisTrI karAyI gayI hai / isa tIrthako punaH prakAzameM lAne kA zreya sva0 bA0 devakumAra jI ArA, sva0 rAya bahAdura kesare hinda sakhIcandrajI kalakattA evaM zrI bAbU harinArAyaNa jI bhAgalapurako hai / aba yaha tIrtha dinoM dina unnati karatA jA rahA hai / rAjagRha yaha sthAna paTanA jilemeM hai / I0 Ara0 relaveke bakhtiyArapura jaMkzanase vihAra lAiTa relavekA antima sTezana hai / yahA~ paMcapahAr3I kI talahaTI meM digambara aura zvetAmbara jainadharmazAlAe~ evaM jinamaMdira haiM / pA~coM pahAr3oMpara bhI digambara aura zvetAmbara mandira haiM / rAjagRhakA pUrva itivRtta atyanta gauravapUrNa hai / isa nagarako kuzAtmaja vasune gaMgA aura sona nadI ke saMgamapara basAyA thA / mahArAja zreNikane paMca pahAr3Ike madhya meM navIna rAjagRha nagarako basAyA, jo apanI vibhUti aura ramaNIyatAmeM advitIya thA / mahArAja vasuse lekara zreNikataka yaha uttara bhAratakA zAsana kendra rahA / jaba zreNika ke putra ajAtazatrune maga kI rAjadhAnI campAko banAyA, usa samaya kisI kAraNavaza Aga laga jAnese yaha nagara naSTa ho gayA / rAjagRhakA bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pahale bhI jainadharmase sambandha rahA hai| rAmAyaNa kAla meM bhagavAn munisuvratanAthake garbha, janma, tapa aura jJAna ye cAra kalyANaka yahIM hue the / pazcAt

Page #112
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti isI vaMzameM arddhacakrI pratinArAyaNa jarAsindhu huaa| yaha mahAparAkramI aura raNazUra thA, isake bhayase yAdavoMne mathurA chor3akara dvArikAkA Azraya grahaNa kiyA thaa| rAjagRhake sAtha jainadharmakA itihAsa jur3A huA hai| yahA~ bhagavAn AdinAtha aura vAsupUjyake atirikta avazeSa 22 tIrthakaroMke samavazaraNa Aye the| bhagavAn mahAvIrane yahA~ varSAkAla vyatIta kiyA thA tathA inake pramukha bhakta isI nagara nivAsI the| rAjagRhake paMcapahAr3oMkA varNana tiloyapaNNatti, dhavalATIkA, jayadhavalATIkA, harivaMzapurANa, padma purANa, aNuttarovavAI dAgasUtra, bhagavatIsUtra, jambU svAmIcaritra, munisuvratakAvya, NAyakumAracariu, uttara purANa Adi graMthoMmeM upalabdha hai| tiloyapaNNatti meM ise paMcazailapura nagara kahA gayA hai| batAyA gayA hai ki rAjagRha nagarake pUrva meM catuSkoNa RSizaila, dakSiNameM trikoNa vaibhAra, naiRtyameM trikoNa vipulAcala, pazcima, vAyavya aura uttara dizAmeM dhanuSAkAra chinna evaM IzAna dizAmeM pANDu nAmakA parvata hai| SaTkhaMDAgamakI dhavalA TIkAmeM vIrasena svAmIne paMca pahAr3iyoMkA ullekha karate hue do prAcIna zloka uddhRta kiye haiM; jisameM paMca pahAr3iyoMke nAma kramazaH RSigiri, vaibhAragiri, vipula, candra aura pANDu Aye haiN|' harivaMza purANameM batAyA gayA hai ki pahalA parvata RSigiri hai, yaha pUrva dizA kI ora caukora hai, isake cAroM ora jharane nikalate haiM / yaha indrake diggajoMke samAna sabhI dizAoMko suzobhita karatA hai / dUsarA dakSiNa dizAkI ora vaibhAra giri hai, yaha parvata trikoNAkAra hai| tIsarA dakSiNa-pazcimake madhya trikoNAkAra vipulAcala hai, cauthA balAhaka nAmaka parvata dhanuSake AkArakA tInoM dizAoMko ghere zobhita hai, pA~cavA~ pANDuka nAmaka parvata golAkAra pUrvottara madhyameM hai| ye pAMcoM parvata phala-puSpoMke samUhase yukta haiN| ina parvatoMke vanoMmeM vAsu 2 1. caurasso puvAe risiselo dAhiNAe vebhAro / NairividisAe viulo doNNi tikoNadviTThadAyArA // pAvasariccho chiNNo varuNANilasomadisavibhAgesu / IsANAe paMDU vaNNA savve kusaggapariyaragA ||-adhikaar 1 gA0 66-67 paMcaselapure ramme viule pavvaduttame / NANAdumasamAiNNo deva-dANava-vaMdide / mahAvIreNa Uttho kahiyo bhaviyaloyassa / / RSigiriraindrAzAyAM caturasro yAmyadizi ca vaibhAraH / vipulagirinaiRtyAmubhau trikoNI sthitau tatra / / dhanurAkArazcandro vAruNa-vAyavya-sAmadikSu tataH / vRttAkRtirezAnyAM pANDuH sarve kuzAgravRttAH / / -dhavalA TokA bhAga 1 pR0 61-62

Page #113
68 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna pUjya svAmIko chor3a zeSa samasta tIrthaMkaroMke samavazaraNa Aye haiN| ye vana siddhakSetra haiM, inakI yAtrAko bhavya jIva Ate haiN|' rAjagaha siddha bhami hai. yahA~ bhagavAna mahAvIrakA vipalAcalapara prathama samavazaraNa thA / avasarpiNIke caturthakAlake antima bhAgameM 33 varSa 8 mAha aura 15 dina avazeSa rahanepara zrAvaNa kRSNa pratipadAke dina abhijita nakSatrake udita rahanepara dharma tIrthakI utpatti huI thii| isa sthAnase aneka RSi-muniyoMne nirvANa pada prApta kiyA hai| zraddhaya zrI nAthUrAma premIne aneka pramANoM dvArA naMga-anaMga Adi sAr3he pAMca karor3a munirAjoMkA nirvANa sthAna yahA~ke RSyadriko batalAyA hai / 2 Aja kala yaha RSyadri caturtha pahAr3a svarNagiri yA sonAgiri kahalAtA hai| zrI premIjIne nirvANa bhaktike 9 veM padya ko pramANa svarUpa prastuta kara aMga-anaMga kumArakA mukti sthAna rAjagRhakI paMcapahAr3iyoMmeM zramaNagiri-sonAgiriko hI siddha kiyA hai / pUrvApara sambandha vicAra karanepara yaha kathana yuktisaMgata pratIta hotA hai / rAjagRhake vipulAcala parvatase . gautama svAmIne nirvANa lAbha kiyA hai| uttara purANameM batalAyA gayA hai gatvA vipulazabdAdigirau prApsyAmi nivRtim / mannirvRtidine labdhAM sudharmA zrutapAragaH / uttara purANa parva 76 zlo051 antima kevalI zrI sudharmasvAmI aura jambU svAmIne bhI vipulAcala parvatase hI nirvANa prApta kiyA hai / kevalI dhanadatta, sumandara aura megharathane bhI rAjagRhase hI nirvANa prApta kiyA hai| seTha prItaMkarane bhagavAn mahAvIrase muni dIkSA lekara yahIM AtmakalyANa kiyA thaa|' dhIvarI pUtagandhAne yahIMkI nIlaguphAmeM sallekhanA vrata grahaNa kara zarIra tyAga kiyA thA / 1. RSipUrvo giristatra caturasraH sanirjharaH / diggajendra ivendrasya kakubhaM bhUSayatyalam / vaibhAro dakSiNAmAzAM trikoNAkRtirAzritaH / dakSiNAparadigmadhyaM vipulazca tadAkRtiH / / sajyacApAkRti stisro dizo vyApya balAhakaH / zobhate pAMDuko vRttaH pUrvottaradigantare / vAsupUjyajinAdhIzAditareSAM jinezinAM / sarveSAM samavasthAtaiH pAvanoruvanAMtarAH // tIrthayAtrAgatAnekabhavyasaMghaniSevitaiH / nAnAtizayasaMbaddhaH siddhakSetraH pavitritAH // -harivaMzapurANa sarga 3 zlo0 53, 54, 55, 57,58 2. jaina-sAhitya aura itihAsa pR0 201-203 3. tapomAse sitepakSe saptazyAM ca zubhe dine / nirvANaM prApa saudharmo vipulAcalamastakAt // 110 // tato jagAma nirvANaM kevalI vipulAcalAt / karmASTakavinirmuktaH zAzvatAnaMta saukhyabhAk 121 -jambUsvAmIcarita jambUsvAmI nirvANagamanAdhyAya 4. saptabhiH paMcabhiH pUjA sarveTTIdazabhizca te / ante siddhazilArUDhAH siddhA rAjagRhe pure / -harivaMzapurANa a0 18 zlo0 119 5. atha priyaMkarAkhyAya sAbhiSekaM svaMsampadaM / vasuMdharAmUje prItikaro datvA viraktadhIH // etya rAjagRhaM sArddha bahubhibhRtyabAMdhavaiH / bhagavatpArzvamAsAdya saMyamaM prAptavAnayam // -uttarapurANa parva 6 zlo0 385-86

Page #114
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 69 pahalA pahAr3a vipulAcala hai / isa parvatapara cAra digambara jaina mandira haiM / nIce choTemandirameM zyAmavarNa kamalake Upara bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmIkI caraNa pAdukA hai / thor3A Upara jAnepara tIna mandira haiM / pahale mandira meM candraprabhukI caraNapAdukA prAcIna hai / mandira bhI prAcIna hai / madhyavAle mandira meM candraprabhu svAmIko zvetavarNakI mUrti vedImeM virAjamAna hai / vedIke nIce donoM ora hAthI khude hue haiM, bIcameM eka vRkSa hai / bagalameM eka ora saM0 1548 kI zvetavarNakI candraprabhusvAmIkI mUrti hai / yahA~ eka purAnI zyAmavarNakI bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmIkI bhI mUrti hai / yaha mUrti I0 san 8 vIM zatIkI pratIta hotI hai / antima mandirakI vedikA zvetavarNakI mahAvIra svAmIkI mUrti virAjamAna hai / bagalameM eka ora zyAmavarNa munisuvratanAthakI mUrti aura dUsarI ora unhIMke caraNa haiM / mUrti prAcIna aura caraNa navIna haiM / . dUsare ratnagiripara do mandira haiM - eka prAcIna mandira hai aura dUsarA navIna / navIna mandirako zrImatI bra0 paM0 candAbAI jI ne banavAyA hai isameM munisuvrata svAmIkI zyAmavarNakI bhavya aura vizAla pratimA virAjamAna hai / purAne mandira meM zyAmavarga mahAvIra svAmIkI caraNapAdukA hai| tIsare udayagiripara eka mandira hai / isameM zrI zAMtinAtha aura pArzvanAtha svAmIkI prAcIna pratimAe~ evaM AdinAtha svAmIke caraNacihna haiM / eka mahAvIra svAmIkI bhI khaDgAsana zyAmavarNakI prAcIna pratimA hai / yahA~ nayA mandira bhI kalakattA nivAsI zrImAn seTha rAmaballabha rAmezvara jI kI orase banA hai, para usakI abhI pratiSThA nahIM huI hai / cauthe svarNagiripara do mandira haiM / eka mandira phirojapura nivAsI lAlA tulasIrAmane banavAyA hai / isa naye mandira meM zAMtinAtha svAmIkI zyAmavarNakI pratimA tathA neminAtha aura AdinAtha svAmI caraNacihna haiM / yahA~ eka prAcIna khaDgAsana mUrti bhI hai / purAne mandirameM bhI bhagavAn mahAvIrake navIna caraNacihna haiM / yaha mandira choTA-sA aura purAnA hai / pA~caveM vaibhAragiripara eka mandira hai / yahA~ eka caubIsI pratimA, mahAvIra svAmI, neminAtha svAmI aura munisuvrata svAmIkI zyAmavarNakI prAcIna pratimAe~ haiM / neminAtha svAmIke caraNacihna bhI haiM / pahAr3I ke nIce do mandira haiM / eka mandira dharmazAlAke bhItara hai tathA dUsarA dharmazAlA ke bAhara vizAla bagIce meM / bAhara vAle mandirako dehalI nivAsI lAlA nyAdaramala dharmadAsajIne eka lAkha rupayese 6 pharavarI san 1925 meM banavAyA hai| isa mandirameM pA~ca vedikAe~ haiM / pahalI vedIke bIca meM zyAmavarNa neminAtha svAmIkI pratimA hai, yaha padmAsana mUrti 13 phuTa U~cI saMvat 1980 meM pratiSThita kI gayI hai / isake dAIM ora zAMtinAtha svAmI aura bAIM ora mahAvIra svAmIkI pratimAe~ haiM / ye donoM pratimAe~ vikramakI 20 vIM zatI kI haiM / isa after dhAtumayI kaI choTI-choTI mUrtiyA~ haiM, jo saM0 1789 kI haiN| isa vedImeM do cA~dIkI bhI pratimAe~ haiM / dUsarI vedImeM candraprabhu svAmIko zvetavarNakI 3 phoTa U~cI pratimA hai / isakI pratiSThA vI0 saM0 2449 meM huI hai / caturmukhI dhAtu pratimA bhI isa vedI meM hai /

Page #115
70 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna madhyakI vedI sabase bar3I vedI hai, isapara sunahalA kArya kalApUrNa huA hai / vedIke madhya meM munisuvrata nAthakI zyAmavarNakI pratimA, isake dAhinI ora ajitanAthako aura bAI ora saMbhavanAthakI pratimA haiN| ye pratimAeM bhI vi0 saM0 1980 ko pratiSThita haiN| cauthI vedImeM vikrama saMvat 1979 ko pratiSThita candraprabhu aura zAMtinAtha svAmIkI pratimAe~ haiM / pA~cavIM vedIke bIcameM kamalapara mahAvIra svAmIkI bAdAmI raMgakI vI0 saM0 2462 kI pratiSThita pratimA hai / isameM AdinAtha aura zItalanAthakI bhI pratimAe~ haiN| dharmazAlAke bhItarakA choTA mandira giriDIha nivAsI seTha hajArImala kizorIlAla jI ne banavAyA hai / isa mandirakI vedImeM madhyavAlI pratimA bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmIkI hai / isakA pratiSThA kAla mAgha sudI 13 saMvat 1841 likhA hai / isake bagala meM pArzvanAtha svAmIkI do pratimAeM haiM, jinakA pratiSThA kAla vaizAkha sudI 3 saM0 1548 likhA hai| isa vedImeM aura bhI kaI pratimAeM haiN| guNAvA ___ yaha siddhakSetra mAnA jAtA hai, yahA~se gautama svAmIkA nirvANa huA mAnate haiM, para yaha bhrama hai / gautama svAmIkA nirvANasthAna vipulAcala parvata hai, guNAvA nhiiN| hA~, itanI bAta avazya hai ki gautama svAmI nAnA dezoMmeM vihAra karate hue guNAvA pahu~ce the aura yahA~ tapasyA kI thii| yaha sthAna navAdA sTezanase 13 mIlakI dUrIpara hai| yahA~para zrImAn seTha hukmacaMda jI sAhabane jamIna kharIda kara dharmazAlA evaM bhavya mandirakA nirmANa karAyA hai| dharmazAlAke mandirameM bhagavAna kunthunAtha svAmIkI 43 phuTa U~cI zvetavarNakI padmAsana pratimA hai| isakI pratiSThA caitra zuklASTamI saM0 1995 meM huI hai / vedImeM cAra pArzvanAtha svAmIkI pratimAeM haiM, jinakA pratiSThAkAla saM0 1548 hai / isa vedImeM eka vAsupUjya svAmIkI pratimA vaizAkha sudI 4 zanivAra saM0 1268 kI hai| isa pratimAkI pratiSThA sAraMgapura nivAsI dAtAprasAda bhAvasiMha bhAryA amarAdine karAyI hai| vedImeM kunthunAtha svAmIkI pratimAke pIche saM0 1268 kI eka aura pratimA hai / yahA~ gautama svAmIke caraNa vIra saM0 2453 ke pratiSThita hai / vedI sundara saMgamaramara kI hai, isakA nirmANa kalakattA nivAsI zrImAn seTha mANikacaMda jI kI dharmapatnIne karAyA hai| dharmazAlAke digambara mandirase thor3I hI dUrapara jalamandira hai| yaha mandira eka 6-7 phITa gahare tAlAbake madhyameM banAyA gayA hai / mandira taka jAneke lie 203 phITa lambA pula hai / Ajakala isa jala-mandirapara digambara aura zvetAmbara bhAiyoMkA samAna adhikAra hai, yahA~ eka digambara-pArzvanAtha svAmIkI pratimA tathA gautama svAmIko caraNapAdukA hai| isa caraNapAdukAkI pratiSThA saM0 1677 meM huI hai / di0 dharmazAlAkA pujArI pratidina isa jalamandirameM apanI pratimA tathA caraNapAdukAkA abhiSeka pUjana karatA hai| isa jalamandirameM zvetAmbarIya AmnAyake anusAra vAsupUjya svAmIke caraNa, caubIsI caraNa, caubIsa sthAnoMpara pRthak-pRthaka caubIsa bhagavAnoMke caraNa evaM mahAvIra svAmIke caraNa kaI sthAnoMpara haiN| yahA~ mUlanAyaka pratimA mahAvIra svAmI ko hai / yaha mandira prAcIna aura darzanIya hai|

Page #116
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti dharmazAlAke mandirake sAmane vIra saM0 2474 meM gayA nivAsI zrImAn seTha kesarImala lallU-lAlajIne mAnastambha banavA kara isakI pratiSThA karAyI hai ! kamaladaha gulajArabAga) yaha seTha sudarzanakA nirvANasthAna mAnA gayA hai| seTha sudarzanane isa sthAnapara ghora tapazcaraNa kiyA thaa| jaba sudarzana muni zmazAnameM dhyAnastha the, AkAzamArgameM rAnI abhayamatIkA jIva, jo vyantarI huA thA, jA rahA thaa| munike Upara jyoM hI vimAna AyA ki vaha munike yogaprabhAvase Age nahIM bar3ha paayaa| usane kuavadhijJAnase pUrva zatrutAko avagata kara unheM bhayAnaka upasarga diyA; parantu dhIra-vIra sudarzana munirAja dhyAnameM sumerukI taraha aTala rahe / devoMne unakA upasarga dUra kiyaa| sudarzana munine yoga nirodha kara zukladhyAna dvArA pAtiyA koko naSTa kara kevalajJAna prApta kiyaa| inhoMne gulajArabAga-kamaladaha kSetrase pauSa zudi 5 ke dina aparAhnameM nirvANapada paayaa| gulajArabAga sTezanase uttarakI ora eka dharmazAlA aura mandira hai| dharmazAlAse thor3I hI dUrapara muni sudarzanakA nirvANa sthAna hai / kuNDalapura yaha bhagavAna mahAvIrakA janmasthAna mAnA jAtA thA; para aba aneka aitihAsika pramANoMke AdhArapara vaizAlIkA kuNDagrAma bhagavAnkI janmabhUmi siddha ho cukA hai| yaha sthAna paTanA jileke antargata hai aura nAlandA sTezana se 1-2 mIlakI dUrIpara hai| yahA~para dharmazAlAke bhItara vizAla mandira hai / vedI meM mUlanAyaka pratimA mahAvIra svAmI kI hai, isakI pratiSThA mAghazuklA 13 somavAra saM0 1982 meM huI hai| tIna pratimAe~ pArzvanAtha svAmI kI haiM, jinakI pratiSThA vaizAkha zudi 3 saM0 1548 meM huI hai / isa vedImeM 7 pratimAe~ aura eka siddha parameSThIkI AkRti hai| sthAna ramaNIya aura. zAntiprada hai / AtmakalyANa karaneke lie yaha sarvathA upayogI hai| aba to nAlandAmeM pAlI pratiSThAnake khula jAnese isa sthAnakI mahattA aura bhI bar3ha gayI hai| vaizAlI bhagavAna mahAvIrakA janmasthAna yahI pradeza hai / ' vaizAlI saMghane isa sthAnake anveSaNameM apUrva zrama kiyA hai| yahA~se khudAImeM bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmIkI eka prAcIna manojJa pratimA prApta huI hai| Ajakala yahA~ para bhagavAn mahAvIrakA vizAla mandira banAnekI yojanA cala rahI hai| maMdira banAneke lie lagabhaga 13 bIghe jamIna sthAnIya jamIMdAroMse prApta ho cukI hai| yahA~ maMdira AdikI vyavasthAke lie 'vaizAlI tIrtha kameTI' kA saMgaThana huA hai| 1. siddhattharAyapiyakAriNIhiM Nayaramma kuNDale viiro| uttaraphagguNirikkhe cittAsiyAterasIe uppaNo // -tiloyapapaNatti a0 4 siddhArthanRpatitanayo bhAratavAsye videhakuNDapure / devyAM priyakAriNyAM susvapnAnsaMpradarzya vibhuH / / -nirvANabhaktiH zlo? 4

Page #117
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna vaizAlI saMgha ke tattvAvadhAnameM vihAra sarakAra ne yahA~ 'prAkRta zodha saMsthAna kI sthApanA kI hai / yaha sthAna mujaphpharapura jilemeM par3atA hai / 72 kuluA pahAr3a yaha parvata gayAse 38 mIla hajArIbAga jilemeM hai / yaha pahAr3a jaMgalameM hai, isakI car3hAI do mIla hai / yahA~ saikar3oM jaina maMdiroMke bhagnAvazeSa par3e hue haiM / yahA~ 10veM tIrthaGkara zrI zItalanAthane tapa karake kevalajJAna prApta kiyA thA / yahA~ pArzvanAtha svAmIkI eka akhaNDita atyanta prAcIna padmAsana 2 phuTa U~cI kRSNavarNakI pratimA hai / isa pratimAko Ajakala jainetara 'dvArapAla' ke nAmase pUjate haiN| yahA~ eka choTA di0 jaina maMdira pA~ca kalazoMkA zikharabaMda banA huA hai, yaha maMdira prAcIna hai| isameM san 1901 kI zrI supArzvanAtha bhagavAnkI 9 iMca caur3I padmAsana mUrti virAjamAna thI, parantu aba kevala Asana hI raha gayA hai| maMdirake sAmane parvatapara eka ramaNIka 300 x 60 gajakA sarovara hai / yahA~ para aneka khaNDita jaina mUrtiyoMke avazeSa par3e hue haiN| eka mUrti eka hAthakI padmAsana hai, Asana para saMvat 1443 likhA mAlUma hotA hai / yahA~kI sabase U~cI coTIkA nAma 'AkAzAlokana' hai / yaha nIcese 13 mIla U~cI hogI / isa zikharapara eka caraNapAdukA bahuta prAcIna hai / caraNacihna " 8x?" haiM / zikharase nIce utaranepara mahAn zilAkI eka orakI dIvAlameM 10 digambara jaina pratimAe~ khaNDita avasthA meM haiM / ina pratimAoM para nAgarIlipimeM lekha hai, jo ghisa jAneke kAraNa par3hane meM nahIM AtA hai / kevala nimna akSara par3he jA sakate haiM / " zrImat mahAcaMda kalida suputra sadha ghara maI saha siddham " isa sthAnako paNDoMne dazAvatAra guphA prasiddha kara rakhA hai / vRhazilAkI dUsarI ora bhI dIvAla meM 10 pratimAe~ haiM / isa sthAnase prAkAzAlokana zikhara tIna mIla hai / mArca 1901 kI iMDiyana eNTIkveraTImeM isa tIrtha ke sambandhameM likhA gayA hai "AkAzAlokana zilAkI caraNapAdukA ko purohita loga kahate haiM ki viSNukI hai, parantu dekhanese aisA nizcaya hotA hai ki yaha jainatIrthaMkarakI caraNapAdukA hai aura aisA hI mAna kara isakI asala meM pUjA hotI 1" "pUrva kAlameM yaha pahAr3a avazya jainiyoMkA eka prasiddha tIrtha rahA hogA, yaha bAta bhale prakAra spaSTatayA pramANita hai / kyoMki sivAya durgAdevIkI navIna mUrttike aura bauddha mUrttike eka khaMDake anya sarva pASANakI racanAke cihna, cAhe alaga par3e hue, cAhe zilAoM para aMkita hoM ve saba tIrthaGkaroM ko hI prakaTa karate haiM / " Aja isa pavitra kSetrake punaruddhAra aura pracArakI AvazyakatA / bhA0 di0 jaina tIrthakSetra kameTI ko isa kSetrakI ora dhyAna denA cAhiye / zrAvaka pahAr3a gayAke nikaTa raphIgaMja se 3 mIla pUrva zrAvaka nAmakA pahAr3a hai / yaha eka hI zilAkA parvata hai, 2 pharlAMga U~cA hogaa| yahA~ vRkSa nahIM hai, kinAre-kinAre zilAe~ haiM / pahAr3ake nIce jo gA~va basA hai, usakA nAma bhI zrAvakapura hai / parvatake Upara 80 gaja jAne para eka guphA hai, jo 10 X 6 gaja hai / isameM eka jIrNa digambara jaina maMdira hai, jo isa samaya dhvasta prAyaH

Page #118
73 jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti hai / yahA~ para zrI pArzvanAtha svAmIkI manojJa mUrti hai| isakA bAyA~ paira khaNDita hai| guphAmeM anya bhI khaNDita mUrtiyA~ haiM, guphAke bhItarake pASANa paTameM 6 padmAsana mUttiyA~ haiM, nIce yakSiNIkI mUtti leTI hai / isa paTake nIce eka lekha prAcIna lipimeM hai| pracAra padA gayA jilemeM auraMgAbAda kI sImAke pUrva kI ora raphIgaMjase do mIla kI dUrI para pracAra yA pachAra nAmaka pahAr3a hai / yahA~ para eka guphAke bAhara vedImeM pArzvanAtha svAmI kI mUrti virAjamAna hai / isake Asa-pAsa tIrthakaroM kI anya pratimAe~ hai / isa pahAr3a kI jainamUrtiyoM ke dhvaMsAvazeSoMko dekhaneme pratIta hotA hai ki prAcIna kAlameM yaha prasiddha tIrtha rahA hai / sAmAnya tIrtha ArAkI prasiddhi nandIzvaradIpakI racanA, zrI sa. medazikharakI racanA, zrI gommaTezvarako pratimA, mAnastambha, zrI jainasiddhAnta-bhavana aura zrI jaina-bAlA-vizrAmake kAraNa hai| gayA apane bhavya jaina mandirake kAraNa; chaparA apane zikharabanda mandirake kAraNa; bhAgalapura apane bhavya mandira tathA campApurake nikaTa hone ke kAraNa, hajArIbAga zrI sammedazikharake nikaTa honeke kAraNa prasiddha haiN| isI prakAra IsarI, giriDIha, koDaramA, raphIgaMja Adi sthAna bhI sAdhAraNa tIrtha mAne jAte haiN| vihAra zarIphakA choTA-sA purAnA maMdira bhI prAcIna hai / isa prakAra vihArake kone-kone meM jainatIrtha haiM / yahA~kA pratyeka vana, parvata aura nadI-taTa tIrthaGkaroMkI caraNarajase pavitra hai|

Page #119
rAjagRha : eka prAcIna jaina tIrthakSetra prAstAvika rAjagiri prAcIna kAlase hI jaina nagarI rahI hai / 20 veM tIrthakara zrI munisuvrata bhagavAn kI janmanagarI honekA gaurava ise prApta hai / yaha nagarI RSabhadeva aura vAsupUjyake atirikta avazeSa 21 tIrthakaroMkI samavazaraNabhUmi bhI rahI hai / bhagavAn mahAvIrake samayameM isa nagarIkA bar3A mahattva thA / yaha zramaNa saMskRtikA pradhAna kendra thI / nAmakaraNa rAjagRhake prAcIna nAma paMcazailapura, girivRja aura kuzAgrapura bhI pAye jAte haiM / dhavalATIkA prathama bhAga pR0 61 para ise 'paMcazailapure ramve' ityAdi rUpameM paMcazailapura kahA hai / isakA kAraNa yahA~ko pA~ca manorama parvata zreNiyA~ haiM hii| rAmAyaNakAlameM ise girivRja hI kahA jAtA thaa| bhogopabhogakI sampattise paripUrNa rAjakIya AvAsa honeke kAraNa isakI prasiddhi rAjagRhake rUpameM huI hai / " gautama svAmIko bhagavAnne rAjagRhake sambandhameM prazna karane para uttara diyA ki jIvAjIvAdi yukta isa nagarIkA nAma rAjagRha hai| teNaM kAleNaM teNaM samaeNaM jAva evaM vayAsI - kimidaM bhaMte nagaraM rAyagihaM pi pavuccaI ? kiM puThavI rAyagihaM ti pavuccaI ? AUnagare rAyagihaM ti pavuccaI ? jAva vaNassaI ? jahA~ eyaSu sae paMcediya tirikkha joNiyANaM vatavvayAtahA mANiyavvaM jAva sacittAcitta mIsayAI davvAiM nagara rAyagihaM ti pavuccaI ? goyamA, puDhavIvi nagaraM rAyagihaM ti pavuccaI / se keNaTTheNaM goyamA ! puDhavI jIvAti ya ajIvAti ya nagaraM rAyagihaM ti pavuccaI jAva sacittAcitta mIsiyAI davvAiM jIvAti ya ajIvAti ya nagaraM rAyagihaM pavuccati ? se teNaTTheNaM taM caiva // bhAvArtha -- gautama svAmIne bhagavAn mahAvIrase pUchA -- prabho ! isa nagarIko rAjagRha kyoM kahA jAtA hai ? kyA pRthvI, ap, teja, vAyu, vanaspati, sacitta, acita aura mizradravyakA nAma rAjagRha hai ? bhagavAn bole- gautama ! pRthvI rAjagRha kahalAtI hai, isameM jIva ajIva AdikA saMyoga hai, ataH isa bhUmikA nAma rAjagRha hai / harivaMzapurANa aura uttarapurANa meM samRddhizAlI, mAnya aura uttuMga prAsAdoMke kAraNa ise rAjagRha kahA gayA hai / vartamAna rAjagiri zreNikakI nagarI rAjagRhase kucha haTakara hai / rAjA zreNikane rAjagRhako jarAsandhakI nagarIse alaga basAyA thA / paricaya magadhadezameM lakSmIkA sthAna aneka uttama mahaloMse yukta eka rAjagRha nagara hai / isa nagarImeM pAMca zailaM haiM isalie ise paMcazailapura kahA jAtA hai / yaha nagarI bhagavAn muni 1. kaniMghama, enziyeNTa jogaraphI Apha iNDiyA pR0 530 puraM rAjagRhaM tasminpuraMdarapuropamam / 2. vyAkhyA paNNatti sUtra pR0 731

Page #120
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti suvratanAthake cAra kalyANoMse pavitra hai| pAMcoM parvatoMmeM prathama parvatakA nAma RSigiri haiM / yaha parvata catuSkoNa hai aura pUrva dizAmeM sthita hai / dUsarA parvata vaibharagiri hai jo trikoNAkAra dakSiNa dizAmeM sthita hai / tIsarA parvata vipulAcala hai / yaha parvata dakSiNa aura pazcimake madhya meM hai aura vaibhAragirike samAna trikoNa hai / cauthA balAhaka parvata hai aura indradhanuSake samAna tInoM dizAoM meM vyApta hai| pAMcaveM parvatakA nAma pANDuka hai yaha golAkAra pUrva dizAmeM sthita hai / ye samasta parvata nAnA prakArake phalaphUloMse yukta manohara aura suramya hai|' jaina-sAhityameM rAjagiri rAjagRhakA varNana dhavalATIkA,2 jayadhavalATIkA, tiloyapaNNati, ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, padmapurANa, mahApurANa, NAyakumAra cariu, jambU svAmI caritra, gautama svAmI caritra, bhadrabAhucaritra,deg zreNika caritra, uttara purANa', harivaMza purANa,12 ArAdhanA kathAkoSa puNyAsravakathAkoSa14 munisuvratakAvya, dharmAmRta, aNuttarovAI, dazAMgasUtra, AcArAMga,17 aMtagaDadazAMga," bhagavato sUtra, sUtrakRtAMga,19 uttarAdhyayana,2deg jJAtAdharma kathAMga," aura 1. harivaMza purANa sarga 3 zlo0 51-57 2. dhavalATokA prathama bhAga 61-62 3. jayadhavalA TIkA4. tiloya paNNati a0 4 A0 545 tathA adhikAra prathama gAthA 66-67 5. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra zlo0 120 6. tatrAsti sarvataH kAMta nAmnA rAjagRhe pure / kusumopamasubhagaM bhuvanasyaiva yauvanama / / -padmapurANa 33 / 2 tathA parva 2 zlo0 113 7. mahApurANa parva 1 zlo0 196 8. tahiM puruvaruNAme kaNayaraNa kodihiM ghaDiDa / balivaMi dharaMta ho sukha ihiM NaM suraNayaru gayaNa paDiu // -NAyakumAra cariu / 9. jambUsvAmIcarita parva zlo0 13 parva 7 10. AraMbhika aMza pR0 2-3 11. uttarapurANa parva 76 zlo0 386 parva 67 zlo0 20-47, 12. harivaMza purANa sarga 2 zlo0 146-50 tathA sarga 3 zlo0 51-58 13. ArAdhanA kathAkoSa bhAga 1 pR0 105, 149, 150, 14. puNyAsrava kathAkoSa pR0 27, 220, 210, 15. dharmAmRta Arambha bhAga pR0 56-57 tathA vAriSeNa kumArakA kathA bhAga, 16. teNaM kAleNaM teNaM samaeNaM rAyagihe gAma Nayare hotthA seNiyanAmaM rAyA hotthA celanA devIe guNasilAya ghaTTae vaNNao "aNuttarobavAI sUtra 17. AcArAMga pR0 16-17, 52, 53 ityAdi 18. antagaDAMga haidarAbAda saM0 10 48 19. rAyagihe nayare jeNeva nAlindA....."bhagavatI sUtra 20. haidarAbAda saMskaraNa pR0 533 21. mahAnirga thAya 5 vA AkhyAna

Page #121
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna *vividha tIrthakalpa Adi graMthoMmeM rAjagRhakA ullekha AyA hai / ___ munisuvratakAvyake racayitA arhaddAsa (13vIM zatI) ne isa nagarake vaibhavakA varNana karate hue batalAyA hai-magadha dezameM pIchekI ora lage hue vizAla udyAnoMse yukta rAjagRha nagarI suzobhita thii| isake bAharI udyAnameM aneka latAe~ suzobhita thiiN| yahA~ para sadA zailAgra bhAgase nikalatI huI jaladhAga kAminiyoMke nirantara snAna karaneke kAraNa sindUra yukta dikhalAI par3atI tho / yahA~ aneka sarovara the jinameM aneka prakArakI machaliyA~ krIr3Ae~ karatI thiiN| nagarIke bAhara vistRta maidAna ghor3oMkI paMktike calanese, madonmatta hAthiyoMse, yoddhAoMkI zaratra-zikSAse evaM subhaToMke mallayuddhase suzobhita rahate the| nagarIkI vATikAme nirmala jala sadA bharA rahatA thA tathA jalatIrake vividha vRkSoMkI chAyA nAnA tarahake dRzya upasthita karatI thii| isa nagarIkI cahAradIvArIke svarNa-kalaza itane unnata the ki unheM bhramavaza svarNa-kalaza samajha devAMganAeM leneke lie AtI thiiN| isa nagarIko aTTAlikAoMkI U~cI-U~cI dhvajAe~ aura raMga-viraMge toraNa AkAzako chUte hue indradhanuSakA dRzya banAte the / candrakAntamaNise bane hue bhavanoMko kAnti candramAkI jyotsnAse milakara krIr3Asakta apsarAoM ke lie divya-saroMko bhrAnti utpanna karatI thii| isa nagarImeM zikSAkA itanA pracAra thA, ki vidyArthI aharniza zAstra-cintanameM tallIna the| yahA~ke sandara jinAlaya akRtrima jinAlayoMko zobhAko bho tiraskRta karate the| ina caityAlayoMmeM nIlamaNi, potamaNi, sphaTika maNi, haritamaNi evaM vibhinna prakArako lAlamaNiyAM lagI huI thIM jinase isakA sauMdarya akathanIya thA / isa nagarIkA zAsaka sarvaguNasampanna dhanadhAnyase yukta, vidvAn, prajAvatsala aura nyAyavAn thaa| mahArAja sumitrake rAjyameM cora, vyabhicArI; pApI, anyAyI aura adharmAtmA kahIM bhI nahIM the| dhanadhAnyakA prAcurya thaa| saba sukha-zAMtipUrvaka premase nivAsa karate the / sAdhAraNa vyaktiyoMke ghara meM bhI nIlamaNi jaTita the| zubhacandradevane zreNika-caritrameM isa nagarakA varNana karate hue likhA hai-yahA~ na ajJAno manuSya haiM aura na zIlarahita striyA~ / nirdhana aura dukho vyakti DhU~r3hane para bhI nahIM milegaa| yahA~ke puruSa kuberake samAna vaibhavavAle aura striyA~ devAMganAoMke samAna divya haiM / yahA~ kalpavRkSake samAna vaibhavavAle vRkSa haiN| svargoM ke samAna svargagRha zobhita haiN| isa nagarameM dhAnya bhI zreSTha jAtike utpanna hote haiN| yahA~ke naranArI vratazoloMse yukta haiN| yahA~ kitane hI jIva bhavya uttama, madhyama aura jaghanya pAtroMko dAna dekara bhogabhUmike puNyakA arjana' karate haiM / yahA~ke manuSya jJAnI aura viveko hai| pUjA aura dAnameM nirantara tatpara hai / kalA, kauzala, zilpameM yahA~ke vyakti atulanIya hai / jina-mandira aura rAjaprAsAdameM sarvatra jaya-jayakI dhvani karNa-gocara hotI hai / vikrama saMvat 1326 meM racita vividha tIrthakalpameM jinaprabhasUrine likhA hai ki ayodhyA, mithilA, campA, zrAvastA, hastinApura, kozAmbI, kAzI, kAlindI, kampila, bhadrila, sUryapura, kuNDalagrAma, candrapurI, siMhapuro ora rAjagRha tIrthoMkI yadi niSpApa rUpase yAtrA kI jAya to 1. jJAtAdharma kathAMga (haidarAbAda saMskaraNa) pR0 489 2. munisuvrata kAvya prathama sarga, zlo0 37-54 aura sampUrNa dvitIya sarga

Page #122
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 77 giranAra-sammeda zikhara vaibhAra parvata aura aSTApadakI yAtrAse sataguNA adhika puNya milatA hai / isa granthameM rAjagRhake vaibhAra parvatakI stuti vizeSa rUpase kI gayI hai|' vi0 saMvat 1726 meM zrI dharmacandra bhaTTArakane gautama svAmI caritra meM isa nagarakI zobhA aura samRddhikA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki rAjagRha nagarI bahuta hI sundara hai / isa nagarIke cAroM ora U~cA parakoTA zobhAyamAna hai| parakoTake cAroM ora jalase bharI huI khAI hai| isa rAjagRhameM candramAke samAna zvetavarNake aneka jinAlaya zobhAyamAna haiN| inake uttama zikhara gaganasparzI haiM / yahA~ke dharmAtmA vyakti jinendra bhagavAnkI arcanA aSTa dravyoMse karate haiN| yahAM kuberake samAna dhanika aura kalpavRkSa ke samAna dAnI nivAsa karate haiM / isa nagarake bhavana zreNibaddha haiM, bAjArameM zvetavarNakI dukAneM paMktibaddha hai| cora, luTere yahA~ nahIM haiM / bAjAroM meM sonA, rcAdI, vastra, dhAnya AdikA kraya-vikraya nirantara hotA rahatA hai| prajA aura rAjA donoM hI dharmAtmA haiM / bhaya, AtaMka, zArIrika aura mAnasika vedanAkA yahA~ abhAva hai| isa prakAra rAjagRhake vaibhavakA varNana prAcIna granthoMmeM varNita haiM / kathA-sambandha rAjagRhase aneka jaina kathAoMkA sambandha hai| ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcArameM svAmI samantabhadrAcAryane 'bhekaH pramodamattaH kusumenaikena rAjagRhe' meM kamala dalase pUjA karanevAle mer3hakakI kathAkA saMketa kiyA hai / yaha kathA ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcArakI saMskRta TIkAmeM prabhAcandrane vistArase likhI hai / samrAT zreNikakI kathAkA bhI rAjagRhase sambandha hai| dharmAmRta, zreNikacaritra, ArAdhanA kathA koSa AdimeM dAnI vAriSeNakumArakI kathA AI hai, jo pUrNataH rAjagirisa sambaddha hai / dhanakumArane muSThi-yuddha yA sUryadeva nAmaka AcAryase dIkSA grahaNa kI thii| vAriSeNa kumAra dRr3ha samyaktvI the / inhoMne samyaktvase vicalita honevAle apane mitra puSyaDAla ko samyaktvameM dRr3ha kiyA thA / arahadAsa seThake putra zrI antima kevalI jambUsvAmI kA janma isI nagarIme huA thaa| harivaMza purANameM batAyA gayA hai ki vAsudeva pUrva bhavameM eka brAhmaNake putra the| yaha rAjagRhameM aaye| jIvanase nirAza honeke kAraNa vaibhAraparvatapara pahuMcakara yaha AtmahatyA karanA cAhate the, para isa parvata para tapa karanevAle jaina muniyoMne isa nindya pApase isakI rakSA kI / pazcAt inhoMne jaina munikI dIkSA le lI, aura nandISeNa nAmaka muni hue / rAjakoThArIkI putrI bhadrA kuMDalakezAne krodhAvezameM apane durAcArI patiko mAra DAlA thA, para apane pApa-mocanake liye yahIMke jaina muniyoMse sAdhvIke vrata le lie the| dhIvarI pUtagandhA jo ki kAThiyAvAr3ake somAraka nagarase AryikA saMghameM yahA~kI vandanAke lie AI thI; usane apanA anta samaya jAnakara nIla guphAmeM saMllekhanA vrata dhAraNa kara prANa visarjita kiye the / __ ArAdhanA kathAkoSame jinadatta seThako kathAmeM batAyA gayA hai ki vaha bar3e dharmAtmA the, caturdazIko kAyotsarga dhyAna karate the| inhoMne tapasyAke balase AkAzagAmitI vidyA siddha kara lI thI aura pratidina tIrthokI vandanA karate the| mAlIke Agrahase use bhI tIrtha1. zreNika caritra hindI anuvAda pR0 14-15 2. vividha tIrthakalpa pR0 8 pR0 52-54, 72, 65 3. gautama svAmI caritra adhyAya 1 zlo0 33-45

Page #123
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna yAtrAke lie vidyA batAyI, para vaha bhaya se usa vidyAko siddha na kara sakA / aMjanacorane vidyAko siddha kara liyA / pazcAt vaha virakta huA aura muni hokara nirvANa pada pAyA / 78 puNyAsrava kathAkoSa meM cArudatta kI kathAmeM batAyA gayA hai ki yaha bhramaNa karatA huA rAjagRha AyA / yahA~ viSNudatta nAmaka daNDIne eka rasakUpake sambandhameM batalAyA aura kahA ki yadi hama rasakUpase rasa nikAleM to manamAnA svarNa taiyAra kara sakate haiM / isake pazcAt vaha daNDI cArudatta ko usa kue~ke pAsa le gayA aura use eka vastrameM bA~dhakara aura tumbI dekara kue~ meM utAra diyA / cArudatta tumbIko rasase bharakara Upara bhejane hI vAlA thA ki kue~ meM kisIne kahA - sAvadhAna, yaha tapasvI dhUrtta hai tujhe yahIM mere samAna chor3a degA / isapara cArudatta sAvadhAna ho gayA aura usa tapasvI se apane prANa bacAe tathA kue~ meM par3e hue vaNik putrako namaskAra maMtra diyA | nAgazrIkA jIva vAyubhUti pUrva janma meM rAjagirimeM janmA thA aura vahIM para AcArya sUryamitra ne use vyAkaraNAdi zAstroMko zikSA dI thI / agnibhUti aura vAyubhUtike pUrva bhavoMmeM batAyA gayA hai ki isa nagarI meM subala rAjA rAjya karatA thA / eka dina subalane snAna karate samaya telase kharAba ho jAneke bhayase hAtha kI aMguThI apane purohita sUryamitrako de dI aura sUryamitra use grahaNa kara ghara calA gyaa| bhojanake anantara jaba rAjasabhAko Ane lagA to hAthameM aMguThI na dekha bar3I cintA huI / pazcAt udyAnameM sthita sudharmAcArya munise khoI huI aMgUThI kI prApti ke sambandha meM pUchA / munirAjane aMgUThIkA patA batalA diyA / aMgUThI pAkara sUryamitra bahuta prabhAvita huA aura AcArya sudharmasvAmIse muni dIkSA le lI / vyavasAyI kRtapuNya, rAnI celanA, abhayakumAra, rohiNeya cora to bhagavAn mahAvIra ke upadezake zravaNa mAtrase aneka kaThinAiyoMsa rakSA ko thI / bhagavAn mahAvIrakA Agamana rAjagRhameM aneka bAra huA thA / nanda nAmaka manihAra bhI bhagavAnkA bar3A bhakta thA / isa prakAra rAjagRhake sAtha aneka bhakta, dAnA, tapasvI, dharmAtmAoMkI kathAe~ cipaTI haiM, jo isa nagarIkI mahattA batalAtI haiM / purAtattva phAhiyAna ( I0 san 400) ne A~khoM dekhA rAjagRhakA varNana likhA hai / yaha likhate haiM " nagarase dakSiNa dizAmeM cAra mIla calanepara vaha upatyakA milatI hai jo pA~coM parvatoMke bIca meM sthita hai| yahA~ para prAcInakAlameM samrAT bimbasAra vidyamAna thA / Aja yaha nagarI naSTa-bhraSTa hai / "1 18 janavarI san 1811 I0 ko bucanana sAhabane isa sthAnakA nirIkSaNa kiyA thA aura usakA varNana bhI likhA hai / unase rAjagRhake brAhmaNoMne kahA thA ki jarAsandhake kileko kisI nAstikane banavAyA hai--jaina use upazreNika dvArA banAyA batAte haiM / bUcara sA0 ne yaha bhI likhA hai ki pahale rAjagRha para caturbhujakA adhikAra thA, pazcAt rAjA vasu adhikArI hue jinhoMne mahArASTrake 14 brAhmaNoMko lAkara basAyA thA / vasune zreNikake bAda rAjya kiyA thA / ?. Travels of fa-Hian, Beal (London 1869) pp-110-113 2. bucanandrebhila ina paTanA DisTrikTa pR0 125-144

Page #124
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti kaniMghamane likhA hai ki prAcIna rAjagRha pAMcoM parvatoMke madhyameM vidyamAna thaa| maniyAra maTha nAmaka choTA-sA jaina mandira san 1780 I0 kA banA huA thA / maniyAra maThake pAsa eka purAne kue~ko sApha karate samaya inheM tIna mUrtiyA~ prApta huI thiiN| unameM eka mAyA devIkI mUrti thI, dUsarI saptaphaNa maMDala yukta eka nagna mUrti bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kI thii| ema0 e0 sTIna sAhaba likhate haiM-"vaibhAragiri para jo jaina-mandira bane hue haiM, unake UparakA hissA to Adhunika hai kintu unakI caukI jinapara ve bane hue haiM, prAcIna haiM / zrI kAzIprasAda jAyasavAlane maniyAra maThavAlI pASANa mUrtikA lekha par3hakara batAyA hai ki yaha lekha pahalI zatAbdIkA hai aura usameM samrAT zreNika tathA vipulAcalakA ullekha hai| ___ Adrisa banarjIne batAyA hai ki sAtavIM zatAbdI taka vaibhAragiri parvatapara jaina stUpa vidyamAna thA aura guptakAlakI kaI jaina mUrtiyA~ bhI vahA~ haiM / sonabhadra guhAmeM yadyapi gupta kAlIna lekha haiM para isa guphAkA nirmANa mauryakAlake jaina rAjAoMne kiyA thA / vipulAcala parvatake tIna mandiroM meM se madhya vAle mandirameM candraprabhu svAmIkI zvetavarNa kI mUrti vedImeM virAjamAna hai / vedIke nIce donoM ora hAthI utkINita haiM / bIcameM eka vRkSa hai / bagalameM eka ora saMvat 1548 kI zvetavarNakI candraprabhu svAmIkI mUtti hai| yaha mUrti guptakAlIna hai / dUsare ratnagiri para mahAvIra svAmIkI zyAmavarNa pratimA prAcIna hai| tIsare udayagiri para mahAvIra svAmIkI khaDgAsana pratimA niHsandeha guptakAlIna hai / cauthe svarNagiri aura pAMcaveM vaibhAragiri para bhI kucha pratimAe~ guptakAlIna hai| rAjagRha ke parvatoM para kucha khaNDita pratimAeM haiM jo prAcIna haiM / siddhabhUmi rAjagRhake vipulAcalapara isa yugake antima tIrthaGkara zrI mahAvIra svAmIkA prathama samavasaraNa lagA thaa| vIra prabhukA sambandha aneka bhavoMse rAjagRhase rahA hai| isa nagarakA sAMskRtika mahattva isIse avagata kiyA jA sakatA hai ki yahA~se aneka mahApuruSoMne nirvANa lAbha kiyA hai / zrI paM0 nAthUrAma premIne naMga, anaMga Adi sAr3he pAMca karor3a muniyoMkA nirvANa sthAna yahoMke svarNagiriko mAnA hai| zrI gautama svAmI aura zrI jambUsvAmIne bhI vipulAcala se hI nirvANa lAbha kiyA hai / isake atirikta kevalI dhanadatta, samundara aura megharatha ne bhI yahA~se nirvANa pada prApta 1. Archaelogical Survey of India Vol 1 (1871) pp-25-26 2. Jonurnal of the Bihar and Orissa Rca. Soe. Volxx11 (June 1935) 3. Indian Historical Quarterly Vol xxv pp-205-210 4. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa pR0 201-203 5. uttara purANa parva 76 zloka 516 6. jambUsvAmI carita

Page #125
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna kiyA / ' vidyuccorane apane pA~ca sau sAthiyoMke sAtha jinadIkSA lI aura yahA~ ghora tapazcaraNa kara vipulAcalase nirvANa pada pAyA / 2 upasaMhAra rAjagiri prAcIna jaina tIrtha hai / isa nagarIkA sambandha bhagavAn AdinAthake samayase rahA hai / RSabhadeva svAmIkA samavazaraNa bhI yahA~para AyA thA / bauddha sAhitya aura vaidika sAhityameM bhI isakA ullekha AyA hai| vinaya piTakameM batAyA gayA hai ki gRha tyAga kara mahAtmA buddha rAjagRha Aye aura samrAT zreNikane unakA satkAra kiyaa| apane matakA pracAra karaneke lie bhI aneka bAra rAjagRhameM buddhako AnA par3A thaa| vaha bahudhA gRddhakUTa parvata kalandaka nivAyave upavanameM vihAra kiyA karate the| jaba buddha jIvaka kaumAramRtyake AmravanameM the, taba unhoMne jIvakase hiMsA ahiMsAko carcA kI thI aura jaba ve upavanameM the taba unakA abhayakumAra se vAda huA thA / sAdhu saphala doyine bhI buddhase vArtAlApa kiyA thaa| rAjagRha mAhAtmyameM batAyA gayA hai ki sUtajIne zrIzaunaka Adi RSiyoMse rAjagRhakI mahattApara prakAza DAlate hue kahA thA ki yaha rAjagRha kSetra sampUrNa tIrthoMmeM atyuttama hai| yahA~ sabhI deva, tIrtha aura nadiyA~ vicaraNa karatI haiN| ayodhyA, mathurA, mAyA, kAMcI, kAzI, avantikA Adi tIrthokI dhArA saptaRSiyoMke nAmase ekatrita hai| skanda gayA, rAjagRha, baikuNTha, loha daNDaka, cyavanAzrama aura punaHpunaH ye cha: magadha ke pradhAna tIrtha haiN| inameM sabase adhika phala denevAlA pAtAla jAhnavIkA jala prapAta-brahmakuNDa (rAjagRhastha) hai |-sonbhnnddaar, maniyAra, gautamavana, sItAkuNDa, matIkola Adi sthAnakA spaSTataH jaina saMskRtise sambandha hai / ina sthAnoMpara jaina muniyoMne tapasyAeM kI haiN| kyA aba punaH rAjagiri apane lupta gauravako prApta kara sakegA? 1. uttara purANa parva 76 zlo0 385-386 2. ArAdhanA kathA koza bhAga 1 pR0 105 3. harivaMza purANa sarga 3 zloka 56 4. majjhima nikAya (sAranAtha 193) 5. abhayakumAra suttanta majjhima, pR0 234

Page #126
jaina sAhityameM pratipAdita magadha janapada solaha Arya kSetroMmeM magadha janapadakI gaNanA kI gayI hai| prAcIna sabhyatA aura saMskRtiko dRSTise isa janapadakA sthAna mahattvapUrNa haiM / isa janapadane kaI zatakoM taka rAjanIti aura dharmapara zAsana kiyA hai / zramaNa, AjIvaka aura vaidika sampradAyoMke saMvarddhana, poSaNa aura jIvanadAnake kArya isa janapada dvArA hote rahe haiN| tIrthakara munisuvratanAtha, pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIrakI pravRttiyoMkA yaha pramukha kendra rahA hai| rAjA bimbasAra yA zreNika, ajAtazatru nandavaMzI rAjA, samrATa candragupta, priyadarzI rAjA azoka, samprati, zugavaMzakA senAnI puSyamitra evaM guptavaMzake rAjAoMne isa janapadapara zatAbdiyoM taka zAsana kiyA hai / ___ isa janapada kI sImA uttarameM gaMgA, dakSiNameM zoNa nadI, pUrva meM aMga evaM pazcimameM saghana jaMgaloM taka vyApta thI / eka prakArase Adhunika dakSiNa vihAra prAcIna magadha janapada thaa| gayA, paTanA, zAhAbAda tathA hajArIbAga, muMgera aura bhAgalapurake kucha aMza magadhakI sImAke antargata the / RgvedakI eka RcAmeM magadhako kIkaTa deza kahA gayA hai| yAskane apane niruktameM "kIkaTo nAma dezo'nArya nivAsaH3"-kIkaTa pradezako anAryoMkA nivAsasthAna batalAyA hai / mahAbhAratameM isakI sImA pazcimameM karmanAzA nadI aura dakSiNameM damUda nadI taka batalAyI hai| magadhakI unnati zizunAga vaMzake rAjA bimbasAra-zreNikake samayase Arambha huI aura guptakAla taka yaha janapada samRddhiko prApta hotA rhaa| jaina sAhityameM magadha janapadako tIrtha mAnA gayA hai| bharata cakravartIke digvijaya karaneke pazcAt magadhake pavitra jalase unakA rAjyAbhiSeka kiyA gayA thaa| Aja bhI gayA, punaHpunaH nadI, cyavanAzrama evaM rAjagRha vanakI gaNanA pavitra tIrthoM meM kI jAtI hai / " magadha janapadake nivAsiyoMko buddhimAna, pratibhAzAlI aura kartavyaparAyaNa batalAyA gayA hai / krAnti evaM navIna vicAradhArAko pramukhatA deneke kAraNa hI vaidika sAhityameM magadha janapadako Arya saMskRtise bahirbhUta mAnA gayA hai aura vaidika dharma sUtroMmeM isa janapadako avamAnanA kI gayI hai| 1. vyAkhyA prajJapti 15; bauddhoMke aMguttara nikAyameM aMga, magadha, kAzI, kozala, vajji, malla, cedi, vaMza, kuru, paMcAla, maccha, sUrasena, assaka, avaMti, gaMdhAra aura kamboja dezoMke nAma Aye haiM |-aNguttr nikAya 1, 3 pR0 197 2. Rgveda 3 / 53 / 14 3. nirukta 6 / 32 4. sthAnAMga 3 / 142; AvazyakacUNi pR0 185; Avazyaka niyuktibhASya dIpikA 110, pR0 93 a 5. kIkaTeSu gayA puNyA nadI puNyA punaHpunaH / cyavanAzramaM puNyaM puNyaM rAjagRhaM vanam ||-hindii vizvakoza, bhAga 16 pR0 433 6. vyavahArabhASya 10 / 192

Page #127
bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna vastutaH zramaNa sAhityameM hI magadha janapadako madhyadezakI sImAke antargata sthAna dekara use Aryadeza batAyA gayA hai| jaina lekhakoMne magadhake vaibhava, samRddhi, saMskRti, aura jana-jIvanakA sajIva citraNa kara isa janapadako mahattva pradAna kiyA hai| prAcIna samaya meM zramaNa saMskRti aura zramaNa vicAradhArAke prasArakA pramukha kendra yahI janapada rahA hai / 82 nagara aura grAma jaina vAGmayameM isa janapadake antargata rAjagRha, nandapura, kusumapura, pATaliputra, nAlandA, caNakapura, kusAgrapura, jayantapura Adi aneka bar3e nagaroMkA aura sugrAma, zAligrAma, kumbhAgrAma, moyAgrAma, phollAgasanniveza, jambhikagrAma, udaNDapura, gobaragrAma, suvarNakhala, jambUsaNDagrAma, vANijyagrAma, sumaMgalAgrAma, suvarNagrAma, dhanyapuragrAma, thUNAgasanniveza, acalagrAma Adi grAmoMkA varNana AyA hai / bhaviSya brahmakhaNDa meM magadha janapadameM tIna hajAra grAmoMkA ullekha AyA hai, inameM sAta grAma mukhya batalAye gaye haiM / magadhakI prAcIna rAjadhAnI giribraja athavA rAjagRha nagarI thii| isa nagarIkI samRddhikA varNana samasta jaina sAhityameM pAyA jAtA hai / rAjagRhake kSitipratiSTha, caNakapura, RSabha - pura aura kuzAgrapura nAma bhI milate haiN| rAjagRhameM guNasila, maNDikuccha aura mogarapANi Adi aneka caitya mandira the / guNasila caitya hI Adhunika guNAvA hai / rAjagRha vyApArakA bar3A kendra thA / yahA~se takSazilA, pratiSThAna, kapilavastu, kusInagara Adi bhAratake prasiddha nagaroMke jAneke mArga bane hue the / vividha tIrthakalpameM rAjagRhameM chattI hajAra gRhoMke honekA ullekha hai / pATaliputrako magadhakI rAjadhAnI honekA saubhAgya nanda aura mauryavaMzake rAjAoMne pradAna kiyaa| batAyA gayA hai ki kuNikake paraloka gamanake pazcAt usakA putra udAyI campAkA zAsaka niyukta huaa| vaha apane pitAke sabhAsthAna, krIr3AsthAna, zayanasthAna Adiko dekhakara pUrva smRtike jAgrata ho jAnese udvigna rahatA thA / isane pradhAna amAtyoMkI anumatise nUtana nagara nirmANArtha pravINa naimittikoMko Adeza diyA / bhramaNa karate hue ve gaMgA taTapara Aye / gulAbI puSpoMse susajjita chaviyukta pATalivRkSoMko dekhakara ve Azcaryacakita hue / taru kI TahanIpara cASa nAmaka pakSI mu~ha khole baiThA thA / kIr3e svayaM usake mu~hameM A par3ate the / isa ghaTanAko dekhakara ve loga socane lage ki yahA~para nagarakA nirmANa honese rAjAko lakSmIkI prApti hogI / phalataH usa sthAnapara nagarakA nirmANa karAyA, jisakA nAma pATaliputra rakhA gayA / pATaliputrakA anya nAma kusumapura bhI milatA hai / vividha tIrthakalpameM kusumoMkI bahu 1. vyAkhyA paNNatti, pR0 731; harivaMzapurANa 3-51-57; dhavala TIkA prathama bhAga pR0 61-62, tiloyapaNNatti 4 / 445 tathA 1 / 66-67, padmacarita 33 / 2 tathA 1 / 113, mahApurANa 1 / 196; jambUsvAmI carita 5 | 13, munisuvrata kAvya 1 / 37 - 54 / 2. vividha tIrthakalpa pR0 67; samarAiccakahA pR0 275 /

Page #128
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti latA honeke kAraNa isakA kusumapura nAma batAyA gayA hai / sAligrAmake manorama udyAnameM sumana yakSake caityakA varNana AtA hai / yaha grAma Arthika aura dhArmika dRSTise atyanta unnata thaa| kollAka sanniveza magadhakA prasiddha grAma thaa| isameM viutta aura sudharma svAmIne janmagrahaNa kiyA thA / zaravaNa grAma maMkhali gozAlakA janma sthAna thaa| nAlandA rAjagRhakA eka upanagara thA, jahA~para dhanADhyoMkA nivAsa thA / yahA~ zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIrane varSAvAsa kiye the ! tuMgiyA nagarI rAjagRhake nikaTameM avasthita thii| bhagavatI sUtrase jJAta hotA hai ki tuMgiyAke gRhastha dhanI, mAnI aura dRr3ha dharmI the / gautamarAsAmeM batAyA gayA hai ki gaNadhara indrabhUti, agnibhUti aura vAyubhUtikA janmasthAna gobaragrAma thA, yaha grAma magadha dezameM sthita thaa| palAsa' grAma dhana-dhAnyase paripUrNa thAM, prAcIna samayameM yaha grAma vaidika saMskRtikA kendra thaa| jambhika prAmameM bhagavAna mahAvIrane kaibalya prApta kiyA thaa| vartamAnameM yaha jamaI grAma kahalAtA hai, jo vartamAna muMgerase 50 mIla dakSiNa evaM rAjagRhase 35 mIlakI dUrIpara sthita hai / yaha sthAna kvila nadIke kinArepara hai, yaha nado RjukUlA yA RSyakUlAkA apabhraMza hai / kvila sTezanase jamuI 18-19 mIlakI dUrIpara hai / jamuI se tIna mIla dakSiNa enamegar3ha nAmaka eka prAcIna TolA hai| kaniMghamane ise indradyumnapAlakA mAnA hai / yahA~para khudAImeM miTTIkI aneka mudrAe~ prApta huI haiM / jamuI aura licchavAr3ake bIcameM mahAdeva simariyA gAMva hai| yahA~ sarovarake madhya eka 300-400 varSa prAcIna mandira hai / jamuIse 15-16 mIlapara lakkhIsarAya hai| jamuI aura rAjagRhake bIca sikandarAbAda gA~va hai / rAjagRha aura nAlandAke bIca ambAdvIpakA ullekha milatA hai, yaha Amravana thaa| Ajakala silAva grAma isI sthAnapara sthita hai| parvata zreNiyA~ aura nadiyA~ magadha janapadameM rAjagRhako RSigiri, vebhAragiri, vipulAcala, balAhaka aura pANDuka ye paJca-pahAr3iyA~ prasiddha haiM / 2 gayAse 38 mIlakI dUrIpara sthita kuluA pahAr3a hai / yaha pahAr3a jaMgalameM hai aura isakI car3hAI do mIla hai| yahA~ saikar3oM jaina mandiroMke bhagnAvazepa par3e hue haiN| isa parvatapara dasaveM tIrthaGkara zItalanAthane tapa kara kevalajJAna prApta kiyA thaa| zItalanAthakA janmasthAna bhaddilapura vartamAnameM bhauMDila nAmase prasiddha huA hai / kuluA pahAr3apara vartamAnameM khaNDita mUrtiyA~ aura mandiroMke dhvaMsAvazeSa upalabdha haiN| __ gayAke nikaTa raphIgaMjase tIna mIla pUrva zrAvaka nAmakA pahAr3a hai| yaha eka hI zilAkA parvata hai aura do pharlAGga U~cA hai| yahA~ vRkSa nahIM hai, kinAre-kinAre zilAe~ haiM / pahAr3ake nIce jo gAMva basA hai, unakA nAma zrAvakapura hai| parvata ke Upara assI gaja jAnepara eka guphA hai, isa guphAmeM pArzvanAtha svAmIkA mandira hai / 1. vasudevahirI pR0 29 / 2. harivaMza purANa 3151-55 / 3. koTizilAke nAmase jaina sAhityameM isakA ullekha AtA hai / 4. candAbAI abhinandana grantha, pR0 152 /

Page #129
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna gayA jilemeM auraMgAbAdakI sImAke pUrva kI ora raphIgaMjase do mIlakI dUrI para pracAra yA pachAra nAmaka pahAr3a hai / yahA~ para eka guphAke bAhara pArzvanAtha bhagavAnkA mandira hai / vipulAcalapara bhagavAn mahAvIrakA prathamopadeza huA thA, ataH harivaMza purANa meM isakI mahattA pratipAdita kI gayI hai / 84 magadha janapadameM gaMgA, svarNabhadra ( mAgadhI ), RjukUlA ( kvila ), mayUrAkSI, suvarNarekhA cAnana, phalgU prabhRti nadiyoMke ullekha milate / pATaliputrake varNana prasaMga meM gaMgAkA nirdeza AtA hai / isI nadI kinAre-kinAre calakara bharata cakravartIkI senA gaMgAdvAra taka pahu~cI thI / 2 himAlayake gaMgotrI jhIlase isakA prasravaNa prArambha hotA hai / trilokasArameM gaMgAke utpatti sthAnakA vistAra pUrvaka varNana AyA hai / zoNanadakA nAma mAgadhI nadI bhI hai| apanI vizAla jalarAzi aura zoNita bAlukAmaya kaNoM ke kAraNa yaha zoNabhadra kahalAtI hai / RjukUlAkA varNana harivaMza purANameM AyA hai / tilopaNNatti meM bhI isa nadIkA nAma AyA hai / mayUrAkSI rAjagRhake Asa-pAsa koI choTI nadI hai aura suvarNa rekhAko punaH punaH kA paryAya mAnA gayA hai / Arthika samRddhi magadha janapadakI Arthika samRddhikA varNana padmacarita kuvalayamAlA, harivaMza carita, abhayakumAracarita, zreNikacarita, AkhyAna maNikoza, cauppannamahApurisacariya, vasudevahiNDI Adi granthoMmeM AyA hai / yaha janapada vyApArakA kendra thA, yahA~ nAnA dezoMke vyApArI Ate the / rAjagRha nagarI meM svarNa, mauktika, rajata, dhana-dhAnya AdikA kraya-vikraya hotA thA / kuvalayamAlA meM magadha janapadake vyApAriyoMkA varNana karate hue likhA hai hariya-po-duvvaNNa-maDahae suraya-keli- tallicche / 'ege leM' jaMpulle aha pecchai mAgahe kumaro // -- anuccheda 246 pR0 152 magadha dezake vyApArI bAharakI ora nikale hue sthUla udaravAle, kutsitavarNa vAle, Thigane, kAmakrIDA rasika aura 'egele' isa prakAra bolanevAle hote haiM / rAjagRha aura pATaliputrameM aneka dhanika sArthavAha rahate the, jo vyApArake hetu sAmudrikayAna lekara calate the / raviSeNane padmacaritameM batAyA hai paJjaraM sAdhUnAM saGgamaH sadbhirbhUmirlAbhasya vANijaiH / zaraNaprAptaMrvajradAruvinirmitam // - padma0 2 / 42 magadha dezako sajjanoMne satsamAgamakA sthAna mAnA thA, vyApAriyoMne lAbhakI bhUmi aura zaraNAgata manuSyoMne vajramaya lakar3Ise nirmita - surakSita paJjara samajhA thA / 9. vahI, pR0 628 / 2. AdipurANa 29/49; 28|13; 32 / 163 / 3. vahI, 29 / 49; 29 / 52 / 4. tiloya paNNatti 4 / 701 /

Page #130
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 85 padmacaritameM batAyA hai ki magadha dezameM kastUrI, sugandhita dravya, vastra, gaja, azva, U~Ta, gAya, Adike vyApArakA varNana AyA hai| magadha janapadameM kRSikI suvyavasthA thii| kUpoMmeM siMcAIke lie rahaToMkA prabandha thA / upajAU bhUmike honepara bhI siMcAIkA prabandha kiyA thA / gannA, dhAna, gehU~, canA, kodoM, mUMga, ur3ada, mauMTha Adi samasta dhAnya utpanna hote the| magadhameM zUka dhAnya, zimbIdhAnya aura tRNadhAnya tInoM hI prakArake dhAnya utpanna hote the| zUka dhAnyake do bheda haiM-zAli aura brIhi / hemantameM pakanevAle dhAnako zAli kahate haiN| magadhakA zAlidhAna prAcInakAlameM atIva prasiddha thaa| aisA kahA jAtA hai ki mahAzAli magadhase yUnAnI logoMke sAtha yUnAna taka gyaa| zUka dhAnyoMmeM godhUma aura yavakI gaNanA hai| zimbI dhAnyameM mUMga, masUra, arahara, canA, kulatthI Adi parigaNita haiN| magadha dezameM anAjake Dhera khalihAnoMmeM lage rahate haiM / bhUmikI urvarAzaktikA varNana karate hue padmacaritameM likhA hai urvarAyAM varIyobhiH yaH shaaleyrlngkRtH| mudgakozIpuTairyasminnuddezAH kapilatviSaH / / adhiSThitaH sthalIpRSThaH zreSThagodhUmadhAmabhiH / prazasyairanyasasyaizca yuktaH pratyUhajitaiH ||-pdm0 2 / 79 / magadhakI upajAU bhUmimeM dhAna, mUMga, moTha Adi anna paryApta mAtrAmeM utpanna hote haiN| gehU~kI khetI isa janapadameM vizeSarUpase hotI hai / rakSaka khetoMkI rakhavAlI karate hue madhura saMgItakA Ananda lete the| dudhArU pazuoMke stanoMse dUdha TapakatA rahatA thA, jisase magadhakI bhUmi sadA sugandhita rahatI thii| ___ magadha janapada Arthika dRSTise atyanta sukhada thA / sAdhAraNa janatA bhI gandha, mAlya, dugdha Adi padArthoMkA upayoga karatI thii| pathika vizrAmake sAtha bhojana bhI prApta karate the| magadhavAsiyoMko AvazyakatAkI samasta vastueM upalabdha ho jAtI thIM / nAnA prakArake phala, tAr3avRkSa evaM nAriyala sabhIko Anandita karate the| pathikoMke lie pyAU, bhojana-zAlAeM aura vizrAmazAlAeM bhI nirmita thiiN| atithi jana isa janapada meM ghara jaisA Ananda prApta karate the / yahA~ke bhavana, AgAra, caityAlaya, sarovara, parikhA Adi manorama aura ArAmaprada the / bhojana-pAna aura veSa-bhUSA magadha janapadameM sabhI prakArake khAdyAnna utpanna hote the, ataH vahA~ke nivAsI cAvala, roTo, dAla AdikA vyavahAra karate the / gautamasvAmI carita, munisuvrata kAvya aura padmacaritameM anna bhojana, pakvAnna bhojana aura phala bhojana ina tInoM prakArake bhojanakA varNana AyA hai| nAyAdhamma kahAmeM dhanya sArthavAhakI kathA AyI hai, jisane apane sage-sambandhiyoMko bahabhojake 1. pdmcritm-2|25, 31 2. vahI 206; ___3. vahI 2 / 4, 8 // 4. Gode. Studies in Indian cultural history vol I, P.265

Page #131
86 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna lie nimantraNa diyA hai| bhoja aura bhojana vidhikA sAGgopAGga citraNa kathAkoSa prakaraNameM zAlibhadrako kathAmeM upalabdha hotA hai / rAjA zreNika apanI rAnI celanAke sAtha subhadra seThAnIke ghara cahu~catA hai / bhojana maNDapameM baiThanepara sarva prathama dADima, drAkSA, daMtasara, vera, rAyaNa Adi carvaNIya padArtha upasthita kiye gaye / anantara gannekI ga~DerI, khajUra, nAraMga, mAma Adi coSya padArtha; tatpazcAt vibhinna prakArake svAdu lehya padArtha prastuta kiye| azoka, vaTTIruka, sevA, modaka, pheNI, sukumArikA, ghevara Adi aneka prakArake bhojya padArtha parose gaye / isake pazcAt sugandhita cAvala, viraMja lAye gaye / punaH aneka prakArake dravyoMse banAyI kar3hI lAyI gyii| isake pazcAt dadhi nirmita bhojya padArtha upasthita kiye / sabake anta meM kesara, zakkara, aura ghRta mizrita AdhA auMTA huA dUdha diyA gyaa| tAmbUla, supAr3I, kesara Adi sugandhita padArtha bhojanottara grahaNa kiye jAte the| __jaMbUsAmicariuse bhI bhojana-pAna para prakAza par3atA hai| batAyA gayA hai ki mIThe, khaTTe evaM carapare vyaMjanoMkA prayoga kiyA jAtA thaa| vivAha yA anya utsavoMke avasara para sAmUhika bhoja tRNAsanoM para baiThakara sampanna hotA thaa| kUra nAmaka (dhAnake) cAvalase nirmita bhAta ghRtase sikta kiyA jAtA thaa| dadhi, taka, acAra evaM caTanIkA prayoga hotA thA / magadhameM mUMgake mIThe aura namakIna donoM prakArake vyaJjana pracalita the / 2 peya padArthoMmeM dugdha, pAnaka, jala AdikA ullekha milatA hai / takrakA bhI vyavahAra peyake rUpameM kiyA jAtA thaa| veza-bhUSAmeM vibhinna prakArake vastroMkA upayoga AtA hai / magadhavAsI paridhAna-adhovastra aura uttarIyakA prayoga to karate hI the, para anya prakArake sile hue vastra bhI vyavahAra meM lAye jAte the| vastroMmeM rezamI, sUtI aura UnI ina tInoM prakArake vastroMkA varNana AtA hai / kSauma vastra dudhiyA raMgakA kImatI, mulAyama aura sUkSma hotA thaa| dhanika vyakti kSaumakA vyavahAra karate the| dukUla vRkSakI chAlake rezoMse banatA thaa| vivAha Adi mAGgalika avasaroMpara kSauma tathA kauzeyakA prayoga hotA thaa| dukUla mRdu snigdha aura mahArgha vastra hai| dhanika parivAroMmeM yaha vyavahRta hotA thaa| aMzuka vastrake kaI bheda haiM-sitAMzuka, raktAMzuka aura nIlAMzuka Adi / kusumma lAla raMgakA rezamI vastra hotA thaa| sUtI lAlavastrako bhI kusumma kahA jAtA thA / ratna kambaloMkA dhanI-mAnI prayoga karate the| AbhUSaNoMmeM cUDAmaNi, kirITa, mukuTa, kuntalI, hAra, ratnAvalI, kaNThamAlikA, greveyaka, 1. uvaNIyAI cavvaNIyAI dADimadakkhAdaMtasaraborarAyaNAI / "tayaNaMtaramuvaNIyaM cosaM susa mAriya ikkhu-gaMDiyA khajjUra-nAraMgI-aMbagAibheyaM / tayaNaMtaraM asogavaTTi saggavya sevAmoyagasukumAriyA-ghaya-sukumAriyA-ghayapuNNAiyaM bahubheyaM bhakkhaM / "" ""AyamaNaM / kathAkoSa prakaraNa gA0 8 / 10 pR0 58 2. tiNamayakAyamANa saMThiyajaNe / vAripasiMcamANacuya jala-kaNe / pisuNaloyahiyayaM va sakUrau / sajjaNamaNu a nehaparipUrau / 3. kathAkoSaprakaraNa pR0 58-59 tathA jambUsAmicariu 8 / 13 pR0 161, padmacarita 2 / 31

Page #132
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti kuNDala, aMgada, keyUra, kaTaka, mudrikA, mekhalA, razanA, kAJcI, nUpura Adi dhAraNa kiye jAte the / nara aura nArI donoM hI AbhUSaNoMkA vyavahAra karate the| anya prasAdhana sAmagrI meM keza, mukha evaM anya zArIrika aMgoMko sajjIkRta karaneke lie kesara, kastUrI, puSpa, anya sugandhita cUrNa, gandha, mAlya, udvartana, kAlAguru, vilepana AdikA ullekha milatA hai|' krIr3A-vinoda evaM goSThiyA~ __ magadhavAsI kandukakror3A, sahakAravanakrIr3A, jalakrIr3A, vanakrIr3A, dolAkrIr3A, evaM RtukrIr3AoMmeM vizeSa ruci rakhate the / 2 manoraMjanake lie saMgIta aura citrakalAoMkA bhI upayoga kiyA jAtA thA / kathA aura kAvyagoSThiyoMmeM bhI isa janapadake nivAsI bhAga lete the / saMgItakA magadhameM pUrNatayA pracAra thA / vINA, muraja, paNava, zaMkha, tUrya, kAhalA, ghaNTA, mRdaMga, dundubhi, tuNava, mahApaTaha, puSkara, bherI Adi vAdya utsavoMke avasara para bajAye jAte the| kaI prakArako vINAoMkA bhI vyavahAra kiyA jAtA thaa| gItake tIna AkAra, SaDdoSa, aSTaguNa evaM tIna prakAra haiM / jo jJAnapUrvaka gIta gAyA jAtA hai, use lalita gIta kahate haiN| tIna AkAroMke antargata mRdugIta dhvani, tIvra gItadhvani evaM layayukta halkI gItadhvani AtI hai / magadhake gItakAra rAgapUrvaka mUrcchanAoMkA dhyAna rakhate hue svaravizeSoMse alaMkRta kara gAte the / vAravanitAe~ gIta gAnemeM pravINa hotI thiiN| manovinodake lie nRtyakalAkA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA thaa| nRtyameM nimnalikhita tattvoMkA samAveza kiyA jAtA thaa| (1) bhAvoMkA anukaraNa bhinaya para bala (3) bhAvoMkA avalambana (4) kaTAkSa yA muskarAhaTakA upayoga (5) gItiyoM dvArA nRtya (6) zArIrika ceSTAoMkA pradarzana (7) hAva-bhAva aura vilAsakA pradarzana nAnA prakArake nRtyoMkA pracAra magadhameM thA / tANDavanRtya, alAtacakranRtya, indrajAlanRtya, cakranRtya, sUcInRtya, lAsyanRtya, kaTAkSanRtya, bahurUpiNI nRtya AdikA pracalana thA / manovinodake hetu magadhameM kAvyagoSThIko yojanA kI jAtI tho| kavi apane kalpanA vaibhava dvArA janatAkA anuraMjana karate the / kalAgoSThiyoMmeM nRtya, saMgIta, citra sambandhI carcAeM hotI thiiN| dyUta aura ghur3adaur3a bhI manoraMjanameM parigaNita haiN| 1. kathAkoSaprakaraNa dazavIM kathA2. jaMbusAmicariu 4 / 2; 8 // 3, 9 / 12-13 3. sNgiitsvnsNyuktrmyuurrvmishritaiH|| ____ yasminmurajanirghoSairmukharaM gaganaM sadA ||-pdm0 2 / 28 4. jaMbusAmicariu 38 / 9 tathA 1110 gandharvanagaraM gItazAstrakauzalakovidaH / vahI 2 / 41

Page #133
88 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna lokadharmaM magadha meM Atmadharmake sAtha lokadharmakA pracAra thA / nAyAghammakahAomeM lokadharma sambandhI pracura sAmagrI upalabdha hotI hai / zramaNa aura vaidika donoM hI samanvaya pradhAna lokadharmako mahattva dete the / Arya saMskRti, draviDa, niSAda evaM kirAta saMskRtiyoMke sammizraNase eka dhArmika paramparAkA Arambha huA, jo lokadharma ke nAmase prasiddha huI / magadha janapada meM vibhinna prakArake mele aura utsavoMmeM lokadharmakA AcaraNa kiyA jAtA thA / prAcIna kAlameM isa prakArake dharma pradhAna utsava maha yA makha kahalAte the / dvijAtiyoMke jIvana meM jo sthAna vaidika yajJoMkA thA, vahI sthAna maha nAmaka utsavoMkA thA / nAyAdhammakahAomeM rAjagRhameM sampanna honevAle pandraha maha yA utsavoMkA nirdeza AyA hai / batAyA hai ajja rAyagihe nagare iMdamahei vA khaMdamahezvA evaM ruddasivavesamaNa nAga-jakkha bhUya, naI - talAya - rukkhaceiya ujjANagiri jattAi vA jao NaM bahave uggA bhogA jAva e gadisi e gAmimuhA niggacchati / nAyAdhammakA 125, vaidya saMskaraNa pR0 23 ( 1 ) iMdamaha - indramaha, (2) khaMdamaha - skandamaha, (3) rudrajattA -- rudrayAtrA (4) sivajattA - zivayAtrA, (5) vesamaNajattA - vaizravaNa yAtrA, (6) nAgajattA - nAgayAtrA, (7) jakkhajattA - yakSayAtrA, (8) bhUyajattA - bhUtayAtrA, (9) naIjattA - nadIyAtrA, (10) talAyajattAtaDAgayAtrA (11) rukkhajattA - vRznayAtrA ( 12 ) ceiyajattA - caityayAtrA (13) pavvayajattA - parvatayAtrA (14) ujjANajattA - udyAna yAtrA (15) girijattA - giriyAtrA / rAyapaseNiyasutta meM jatta ke sthAnapara maha pATha prApta hotA hai / indramaha utsava vizeSa mahattvapUrNa hai| varSA Rtu meM prajA aura rAjA milakara devarAja indrakA pUjana karate the / indramahakA sambandha kisAnoMkI khetI ke sAtha hai / indramahameM phala, gannA, kelA Adi se indrakI pUjA kI jAtI hai / indramaha vastutaH jAtIya starakA utsava thA, jisameM rASTrIya devatAke rUpameM indrakI gaNanA kI gayI hai / khandamahase tAtparya skanda pUjAse hai / phAlguna, ASAr3ha aura kArtika mAha meM kRSNapakSa meM SaSThI tithiko skaMdapUjA hotI hai / skaMdako SaDAnana, brahmaNya aura kArtikeya bhI kahA gayA haiM / skaMdake vikAsakI prathama sthiti pizAcake rUpameM thI / anaMtara rudra ke sAtha skandakA samanvaya huA / pazcAt agnike sAtha aura antameM indrake sAtha, jisake phala svarUpa guptakAla meM devasenAke senApati ke rUpa meM pratiSThita huA / isa vikAsa kramameM eka choTI sI zAkhA aura nikalI, jisake anusAra skaMda bAlagraha yA baccoMkA rakSaka mAnA gayA / kuSANakAla ke Asa-pAsa skaMdakI pUjAkA lokameM atyadhika pracAra thA / eka ora kArttikeyako yuddha devatAke rUpameM mAnyatA milI aura dUsarI ora zaktigharake rUpameM / skaMdake anuzAsanameM aneka devatA the, bhaktoMke kAryoMkI siddhi karate the / nAgamahameM nAgadevatAkA utsava sampanna kiyA jAtA thA / nAgapUjA yakSa pUjAse bhI prAcIna hai / nAgakA sambandha sabhI devoMke sAtha hai| kaI prAkRta AkhyAna nAgase sambaddha haiM / vRkSa pUjAkA pracAra prAcIna bhArata meM paryApta thaa| pIpala, vaTa, tulasI, AmalakI AdikI pUjA

Page #134
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti Aja bhI pracalita hai / kisI gA~vameM jaba eka vRkSa aisA dikhalAyI par3atA hai, jo pattoMse khUba chatanAra ho aura phaloMse ladA ho apane viziSTa lakSaNoMke kAraNa vaha pUjanIya mAnA jAtA hai| nAyAdhammakahAke ullekhase spaSTa hai ki jisa prakAra vRkSakI pUjA aura utsava manAyA jAtA thA, usI prakAra vRkSoMse bhare hue udyAnameM utsavakrIr3A, goSThI, samAja AdikA Ayojana kiyA jAtA thA / siddharSikRta upamitibhavaprapaMca kathAmeM udyAnikA mahotsavakA bahuta sundara varNana AyA hai, isase vidita hotA hai ki aise avasaroM para vizeSa bhojakA bhI prabandha rahatA thA / udyAna krIr3A vasanta RtumeM sampanna hotI thii| yakSa pUjAkA pracAra sarvAdhika thaa| isakA ullekha jaina Agama sAhityameM sarvatra pAyA jAtA hai / yakSa sabase pramukha devatA mAne jAte ye / zanaiH zanaiH AryadevoMke samparkameM Anese AryadevoMkA prabhAva bar3hA aura unheM yakSoMkI tulanAmeM UMcA pada diyA jAne lagA / Age calakara yakSake sthAna girane lage aura usakI gaNanA bhUta-pizAcAdimeM hone lagI / jaina vAGmayameM pratyeka tIrthakarake sAtha ArakSaka devatAoMke rUpameM yakSa-yakSIkA sambaMdha jor3A gyaa| ___ anya devI-devatAoMkI pUjA bhI utsava-pUrvaka sampanna hotI thii| rudra, taDAga, caitya, parvata evaM giri Adike utsava bhI pUjApUrvaka sampanna kiye jAte the| isa prakAra magadha janapadameM loka dharmakA paryApta pracAra aura prasAra thaa|

Page #135
dakSiNa bhAratameM jainadharmakA praveza aura vistAra dakSiNa bhAratake itihAsa nirmANameM jaina saMskRtikA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai / isa saMskRtikA isa bhUbhAgake rAjanaitika, sAMskRtika, dhArmika aura sAhityika jIvanapara amiTa prabhAva par3A hai| yadyapi jainadharmake sabhI pravartaka uttara bhAratameM utpanna hue haiM, para dakSiNameM isa dharmakA praveza prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhanAthake samayameM hI ho gayA thaa| aise aneka aitihAsika sabala pramANa vartamAna haiM, jinase prAgaitihAsika kAlameM dakSiNabhAratameM jainadharmakA astitva siddha hotA hai| madurA aura rAmanadase khudAImeM I0 pU0 300 ke lagabhagakA prApta zilAlekha isa bAtako siddha karatA hai ki jainadharma dakSiNa bhAratameM I0 pU0 300 se pahale unnata avasthAmeM thaa| yaha brAhmI lekha azoka lipimeM likhA gayA hai, isameM madhurAI, kuma ttura Adi kaI zabda tAmila bhASAke bhI milate haiM / yadyapi aba taka isa lekhakA spaSTa vAcana nahIM ho sakA hai, kintu isI prakArake anya lekha bhI mArUgalatalAI, anamailiyA, tirUparannakuram Adi sthAnoMmeM mile haiM; jinake Asa-pAsa tIrthaMkaroMkI bhagna mUrtiyA~ tathA jaina mandiroMke dhvaMsAvazeSa bhI prApta hue hai, jisase purAtattvajJoMkA anumAna hai ki ye sabhI lekha jaina haiN| alagAmalakI khudAImeM prApta jaina mUttiyA~ bhI isa bAtakI sAkSI haiM ki dakSiNa bhAratameM yaha.dharma I0 pU0 300 ke pahale eka konese dUsare kone taka phaila gayA thA jisase ki jaina sthApatya aura mUrtikalA unnata avasthA meM thii|' laMkAke rAjA dhAtusena (461-479 I0) ke samayameM sthavira mahAnAma dvArA nirmita mahAvaMza nAmaka bauddha kAvyase patA calatA hai ki I0 pU0 500 ke pahale dakSiNa bhAratameM jainadharmakA pUrNa pracAra thA / usa kAvyameM batAyA gayA hai ki rAjA pANDugabhyane anurAdhapurameM apanI rAjadhAnI I0 pU0 437 meM basAI thii| isa nagarameM vibhinna prakArake sundara bhavanoMkA nirmANa karAyA gayA thaa| rAjAne eka 'niggantha2 kubandha' nAmakA sundara jaina caityAlaya banavAyA thA tathA isa nagarameM 500 vibhinna dharmAnuyAyiyoMke basanekA bhI prabandha kiyA thaa| isa kathanase spaSTa hai ki jainadharma laMkAmeM I0 pU0 500 ke pahale vidyamAna thaa| jaina pracAraka yadyapi laMkAko samudra mArgase gaye the, para lauTate samaya ve sthala mArga dvArA dakSiNake rAstese Aye the, yaha bAta tAmila aura bauddha sAhityase spaSTa hai / ataH laMkAmeM jainadharmake pracArake sAtha-sAtha dakSiNa bhAratameM bhI jainadharmakA pracAra I0 pU0 500 ke lagabhaga yA isase pahale huA hogaa| rAjAvalI kathA eka prAmANika aitihAsika kAvya mAnA jAtA hai| isameM batAyA gayA hai ki vizAkha munine cola aura pANDya prAntoMmeM bhramaNa kara vahA~ke jaina caityAlayoMkI vandanA 1. See Madras Epigraphical Reports 1907, 1910, 2. See Studies in South Indian Jainism P. 33,

Page #136
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti kI thI tathA vahA~ke nivAsI zrAvakoMko jainadharmakA upadeza diyA thaa| isase spaSTa hai ki bhadrabAhu svAmIke pahale bhI jainadharma dakSiNameM thA, anyathA vizAkhamuniko jinamandira aura jaina zrAvaka kaise milate ? tAmila sAhityake prAcIna vyAkaraNa agathiyama' aura usase prabhAvita taulkApyAmake adhyayanase patA lagatA hai ki ye grantha eka jainAcArya dvArA race gaye haiM / vidvAnoMne inakA racanAkAla I0 pU0 400 mAnA hai| ataeva spaSTa hai ki I0 pU0 400 ke lagabhaga dakSiNa bhAratameM jainadharmakA vyApaka pracAra thaa| saMgama kAlIna tAmila kAvya 'maNimeravala' aura 'sIlappaDDikAram se jJAta hotA hai ki isa yugameM jainadharma samunnata avasthAmeM thA / 'saMgama' yugake samaya nirdhAraNake sambandhameM vidvAnoMmeM matabheda hai| kucha loga I0 pU0 200 ke pUrvake samayakA nAma saMgama yA prAthamika yuga batalAte haiM tathA katipaya vidvAn I0 pU0 cothI zatAbdIse I0 dUsarI zatAbdI takake kAla samUhako / yadi isa vivAdameM na bhI par3A jAya to bhI itanA to sunizcita hai ki bhadrabAhu svAmIke dakSiNa pahu~caneke pUrva hI jainadharma vahA~ vidyamAna thaa| kannar3a rAmAyaNameM batAyA gayA hai ki zrImunisuvrata bhagavAnke tIrthaMkara kAlameM zrI rAmacandrajIne dakSiNa bhAratakI yAtrA kI thI, isa yAtrAmeM unhoMne jaina muni aura jaina caityAlayoM kI vandanA kI thii| bhAgavata purANameM bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke paribhramaNakI eka kathA AI hai| usa kathAmeM batAyA gayA hai ki jisa prakAra kumhArakA cAka svayaM calatA hai, usI prakAra bhagavAn RSabhadevakA zarIra koMka, veMkaTa ityAdi dakSiNa karNATakake pradezoMmeM gyaa| kuTaka pahAr3ase saTe hue jaMgalameM unhoMne nagna hokara vahA~ tapasyA kii| acAnaka jaMgala davAgnise bhasma ho gayA aura koMka, veMkaTa aura kuTakake rAjAoMne RSabhadevake dharma mArgako grahaNa kiyaa| isase spaSTa hai ki kuTaka grAma, haTeMgaDi, koMka Adi dakSiNa bhArata ke pradezoMmeM jainadharmakA pracAra prAcIna kAlameM hI thA / uparyukta sthAnoMmeM haTegaDi Aja bhI jainiyoMkA pavitra kSetra mAnA jAtA hai| viSNupurANameM kahA gayA hai ki nAbhi aura meruke putra RSabhane bar3I yogyatA aura buddhimAnIse zAsana kiyA tathA apane kAla meM aneka yajJa kiye / caturthAvasthAmeM vaha apanA rAjapATa apane bar3e putra bharatako sauMpa kara sanyAsI ho gaye aura dakSiNa bhAratameM sthita pulastya RSike AzramameM nivAsa kiyaa| isase spaSTa hai ki prathama tIrthaMkara dakSiNameM gaye the| hindU purANoMmeM eka saMvAda AtA hai, jisameM batAyA gayA hai ki deva aura asuroMke yuddhake bIca jainadharmakA upadeza viSNune diyA thA-"bRhaspatisAhAyyArthaM viSNunA mAyAmohasamutpAdanam digambareNa mAyAmohena daityAn prati jainadharmopadezaH, dAnavAnAM mAyAmohamohitAnAM guruNA digambara jainadharmadIkSAdAnam" / arthAt deva-mantrI bRhaspatikI sahAyatAke liye viSNu 1. See Jaina Gazette, Vol. XIX, P. 75 2. Buddhistic Studies, PP. 3, 68. 3. jainasiddhAnta-bhAskara bhAga 10 kiraNa 1 tathA bhAga 6 pR0 102 / 4. viSNupurANa adhyAya 17, matsyapurANa a0 24, padmapurANa adhyAya 1 aura devIbhAgavata skandha 4, a0 13

Page #137
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vaangmyk| avadAna bhagavAnne mohamAyA nAmaka eka digambara sAdhuko utpanna kiyA aura daityoMko jainadharmakA upadeza usase dilAyA, jisase dAnava di0 jainadharma meM dIkSita ho gaye / isa saMvAdameM eka rahasya yaha chipA pratIta hotA hai ki viSNune digambara jaina muni kA avatAra lekara asuroMko dIkSA do / yahA~ yaha mAna liyA jAya ki asura jinakA yahA~ varNana kiyA gayA hai, ve vahI loga pe jo yahA~ke Adima nivAsI the aura dakSiNa bhAratake kinAreke pradezoMmeM rahate the / ye Adima nivAsI sabhya, saMskRta aura svatantra the, dAsa nhiiN| inhoMne AryoMke Aneke pUrva bhAratako apane adhikArameM kara liyA thA; to isase spaSTa hai ki jainadharmakA kendra usa samaya narmadA nadIke taTapara sthita thA jo ki Aja bhI tIrtha sthAnake samAna pUjya hai / uparyukta kathanakA samarthana kAThiyAvAr3ameM prApta eka tAmrapatrase bhI hotA hai / yaha tAmrapatra mahArAja nebUcadanejjara prathama athavA dvitIya (I0 pU. 1140 yA I0 pU0 600) kA hai| pro0 prANanAthane isakA vAcana karate hue batAyA thA ki yaha mahArAjA vivaloniyAkA nivAsI thA, vahA~se yaha dvArikA AyA thA; yahA~para isane eka mandira banavAyA aura isa mandirako nemi yA ariSTanemiko arpaNa kiyaa| nemi usa samaya raivata giri (giranAra) ke deva the / isase spaSTa hai ki nemi yA ariSTanemi jo ki jaina tIrthaGkara haiM, ke prati nebUkI bar3I bhArI zraddhA aura bhakti thii| isa tAmrapatra meM pratipAdita nebU rAjAko revAnagarakA svAmI bhI batAyA hai, saMbhavataH yaha nagara siddhavara kUTake nikaTakA eka sthAna hogA, jo ki dakSiNa bhAratameM revA nadIke taTapara sthita hai| dakSiNa bhAratameM jaina dharmakI prAcInatAke jaina sAhityameM aneka pramANa haiM / nirvANakANDako nimna gAthAmeM batAyA hai __ paNDusuAtiNNijaNA daviDariMdANa attrkoddio| setuMjaya girisihare NivvANagayA Namo tesi / / abhiprAya yaha hai ki pallavadezameM virAjamAna bhagavAn ariSTanemike nikaTa pANDavoMne jinadIkSA grahaNa kI thI; inake sAtha dakSiNa dezake aura bhI kaI rAjAoMne munivrata dhAraNa kiyA thA; jo ki pANDavoMke sAtha tapakara zatrujayagirise mukta hue the| mahApurANameM batAyA gayA hai ki jaba kalpavRkSa lupta ho gaye aura karma bhUmikA Arambha ho gayA to antima kulakara nAbhi rAjAke pAsa prajA aayii| unhoMne use bhagavAn RSabhanAthake pAsa bheja diyaa| prajAne bhagavAn RSabhanAthase prazna kiyA-bhagavan ! kRpAkara AjIvikAkA upAya batalAiye, jisase hamaloga sukhapUrvaka raha skeN| bhagavAnne prajAko SaTkarmoMkA upadeza diyaa| unake smaraNamAtrase indra aneka devoMke sAtha A upasthita huA aura usane saMketamAtrase hI nagara, gA~va, deza aura prAntoMkA vargIkaraNa kara diyaa| tathA vahA~ jina caityAlaya, jinabimba evaM anya jaina saMskRtike cinhoMko prakaTa kiyaa| banAye gaye dezoMkI saMkhyA 52 batAyI gayI hai; jisameM dakSiNa bhAratake aneka bar3e-bar3e nagara zAmila haiM1. See Indian Culture April 1938. P. 515, and Times of India, 19th March 1935, P.9. 2. dekheM-saMkSipta jaina itihAsa bhA0 3 khaM0 1 pR0 114 / 3. jinasenAcArya viracita mahApurANa parva 16 zlo0 130-165 /

Page #138
jaina tIrtha itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti karahATamahArASTrasurASTrAbhIrakoMkaNAH / vanavAsAndhrakarNATakozalAzcolakeralAH // dArvAbhisArasauvIra zUrasenAparAntakAH / videha sindhugAndhArapavanAzcedipallavAH // kAMvojA raTTa bAlhIkaturuSkazaka kekayAH / mahApurANa meM bharata cakravartIkI vijayakA varNana karate hue dakSiNa dizAke rAjAoMpara kI gayI vijayake nirUpaNameM batAyA hai ki colikAnnAlikaprAyAnprAyazo'nRjuceSTitAn / keralAnsaralAlApAnkalagoSThISu caMcurAn // pANDyAnpracaMDa dordaNDAn khaNDitArAtimaNDalAn / isase spaSTa hai ki bharata cakravartIne cola, pANDya, kerala Adi rAjAoMko harAkara vahA~ jainadharmakA pracAra kiyA thA / pratyeka nareza usa yugameM parAjita dezoMmeM apane dharmakA pracAra karatA thA / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki bhagavAn RSabhadevake saMketase jaba indrane prAntoM aura dezoM kA vargIkaraNa kiyA thA, usa samaya jaina caityAlayoMkA nirmANa bhI huA thA, ataH uttarake samAna dakSiNa meM bhI bharata cakravartIne jaina caityAlayoMkI vandanA karate hue vijaya prApta kI thI / podanapura meM dakSiNa bhAratake prathama jaina samrAT bAhubalI svAmIkI rAjadhAnI batAyI gayI hai, yaha sthAna Aja bhI dakSiNa bhArata meM sthita hai / isI prakAra jaina sAhityameM polAsapura, madurA, bhaddila Adi nagaroMke nAma milate haiM / ina nagaroMmeM bhagavAn RSabhadevake samayameM hI jaina dharmakA pracAra batAyA gayA hai / dAkSiNAtya mathurA - madurA nagara, ko pANDavoMne basAyA thaa| kahA gayA haisutAstu pANDorharicandrazAsanAdakANDa evAzanipAtaniSThurAt / pragatya dAkSiNyabhRtA sudakSiNAM janena kASThAM mathurAM nyavezayan // 93 jaba dvArikA nagarI naSTa ho gayI aura kRSNa apane bhAI baladevake sAtha dakSiNa mathurAko cale, rAstemeM kauzAmbIke jaMgalameM jaratakumArane bANa calAyA, jo ki zrIkRSNake pA~va meM lagA; jisase unakA AtmA isa nazvara zarIrako chor3akara calA gayA / jaba pANDavoM ko yaha duHkhada samAcAra milA to ve baladevase milaneke liye kauzAmbIke jaMgalameM Aye aura unheM samajhA bujhAkara yaha taya kiyA ki nArAyaNake zavakA saMskAra zrRMgI giripara kara diyA jAya / pANDava dakSiNake pallava dezameM bhagavAn neminAthakA vihAra avagata kara madurAko lauTa Aye aura bhagavAn neminAthake pAsa jAkara jaina - dIkSA grahaNa kara lI / pANDavoMke sAtha aura bhI kaI dakSiNI rAjAoMne jaina- dIkSA grahaNa kI, ataeva yaha spaSTa hai ki bhagavAn neminAthane dakSiNake dezoM meM vihAra kara jainadharmakA pracAra kiyA thA / atha te pANDavAzcaMDasaMsArabhayabhIravaH / prApya pallavadezeSu viharaMtaM jinezvaram // 1. harivaMza purANa sarga 45 zlo0 73 /

Page #139
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna harivaMza purANake eka anya kathAnakase jJAta hotA hai ki mahArAja zrIkRSNakA yuddha jaba jarAsindhuke sAtha ho rahA thA to dakSiNa bhAratake kaI rAjA bhI unake pakSameM the| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki madurAmeM pANDavoMkA rAjya sthApita ho jAnepara drAvir3a rAjAoMkA samparka uttarake rAjAoMke sAtha ghaniSTha hotA jA rahA thaa| cera, cola, pANDaya Adi vaMzake rAjAoMkA inake sAtha dhaniSTha sambandha thaa| isaliye pANDavoMke sAtha inhoMne jina-dIkSA grahaNa kI thii| ___NAyakumAra cariu' meM kahA gayA hai ki bhagavAn neminAthake tIrthakAlameM kAmadeva nAgakumAra hue the| nAgakumArakA mitra mathurAkA rAjakumAra mahAvyAla thaa| yaha mahAvyAla pANDya deza gayA thA aura pANDya rAjakumArIko vivAha kara le AyA thaa| bhagavAn pArzvanAthake samayameM karakaNDu nAmakA eka rAjA huA hai / usane apane rAjyakA khaba vistAra kara eka dina maMtrIse pUchA, he mantrI ! kyA koI aisA rAjA hai jo mujhe mastaka na namAtA ho ? maMtrI ne uttara diyA-uttarake to sabhI rAjA ApakI AdhInatA svIkAra kara cuke haiM, para drAvir3a dezake cera, cola aura pANDya nareza Apako nahIM mAnate / rAjAne unake pAsa dUta bhejA, para una rAjAoMne karakaNDukI adhInatA nahIM svIkAra kI aura yaha kahakara dUtako vApasa kara diyA ki hama jinendra bhagavAnko chor3a aura kisIko sira nahIM jhukA skte| rAjA karakaNDuko dravir3a rAjAoMke uttarane adhika uttejita kara diyA; isase usane pratijJA kI ki jabataka ina rAjAoMko vazameM na kara lUMgA, zAntise rAjya nahIM karUMgA aura inako padadalita na karUM to rAjya-pATa chor3a duuNgaa| __ karakaNDune senA sajAkara yuddha ke liye prasthAna kara diyA aura rAstemeM terApUra nagara meM pahu~cA, yahA~ rAjA zivane use bheMTa car3hAI tathA rAjA zivake parAmarzase pAsakI pahAr3IkI guphAmeM bhagavAn pArzvanAthake darzana kiye| usa pahAr3I para camatkArakI eka bAta yaha thI, eka hAthI pratidina usa pahAr3I para sthita eka vAmIkI pUjA karatA thaa| rAjA karakaNDune usakI pUjAko dekhakara anumAna lagAyA ki nizcita isa vAmIke nIce koI devamUtti hai, anyathA yaha pazu pUjA nahIM karatA, ataH usa vAmIko khudvaayaa| khudAImeM nIce bhagavAn pArzvanAthako eka mUrti nikalI jise vaha bar3I bhakti aura zraddhAke sAtha guphAmeM le aayaa| isake pazcAt vaha rAjA idhara-udhara bhramaNa karatA huA dakSiNa pahu~cA tathA cera, cola aura pANDya narezoMkI sammilita senAoMkA sAmanA kiyA tathA apane yuddha kauzalase unheM harAkara apanA praNa pUrA kiyaa| jaba karakaNDu rAjA una parAjita rAjAoMke sirake Upara paira rakhane lagA to unake mukuToMmeM sthita jina pratimAoMke darzana use hue; jisase use bhArI pazcAttApa huaa| unheM usane phira rAjya denA cAhA, para ve svAbhimAnI dravir3Adhipati yaha kara tapasyAko cale gaye ki aba hamAre putra-pautrAdi hI rAjyako calAyeMge / jambU svAmI caritrase bhI avagata hotA hai ki vidyuccara nAmakA cora jambU kumArake prabhAvake kAraNa corIse virakta ho gayA thA aura yaha bhramaNa karatA huA samudrake nikaTa sthita 1. saMkSipta jaina itihAsa bhAga 3 khaM0 1 pR0 114 / 2. hA hA maiM mUDhaI kiM kiyau, jiMNa biMcu vicaraNe Ahayau /

Page #140
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa,kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti malayAcala parvata para phuNcaa| yahA~se vaha siMhaladvIpa gayA, lauTate samaya vaha kerala AyA thaa| dravir3a dezako usane jaina mandiroM aura jaina zrAvakoMse pUrNa dekhaa| anantara vaha karNATaka, kAmboja, kAMcIpura, sahyaparvata, AbhIra Adi dezoMmeM bhramaNa karatA huA kiSkindhApurameM AyA / isa bhramaNa vRttAntase spaSTa hai ki bhadrabAhu svAmIke jAneke pahale dakSiNa prAntameM jainadharma phala-phUla rahA thaa| yadi vahA~ jainadharma unnata avasthAmeM nahIM hotA to yaha vizAla munisaMgha, jisakI ki AjIvikA jaina dharmAnuyAyI zrAvakoM para hI Azrita thI, vipattike samaya kabhI bhI dakSiNako nahIM jAtA / buddhi isa bAtako kabhI svIkAra nahIM karatI hai ki bhadrabAhu svAmI itanI adhika muniyoMkI saMkhyAko binA zrAvakoMke kaise le jAnekA sAhasa kara sakate the ? ataH zrAvaka vahA~ vipula parimANameM avazya pahalese vartamAna the| isIliye bhadrabAhu svAmIne apane vizAla saMghako dakSiNa bhAratakI ora le jAnekA sAhasa kiyaa| ___ bhadrabAhu svAmIkI isa yAtrAne dakSiNabhAratameM jainadharmake phalane aura phUlanekA suavasara pradAna kiyaa| bauddhoMkI jAtaka kathAoM aura megAsthanIjake bhramaNavRttAntoMse avagata hotA hai ki uttarameM 12 varSakA bhayaMkara durbhikSa par3A thA aura candra gupta maurya bhI apane putra siMhasenako rAjagaddI dekara bhadrabAhuke sAtha dakSiNameM Atmazodhanake liye calA gayA thaa| candragiri parvatapara caMdraguptakI dvAdaza varSIya tapasyAkA varNana milatA hai| bhadrabAhu svAmIne apanI Asanna mRtyu jJAtakara mArga meM hI kahIM samAdhimaraNa dhAraNa kiyA thaa| inakA mRtyukAla digambara paramparAnusAra vIra ni0 saM0 162 aura zvetAmbara sampradAya dvArA vI0 ni0 170 mAnA jAtA hai| dakSiNameM pahuMcakara isa saMghane vahA~ jainadharmakA khUba prasAra kiyA tathA jaina sAhityakA nirmANa bhI vipula parimANameM huaa| isa dharmake pracAra aura prasArakI dRSTise dakSiNabhAratako do bhAgoMmeM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai tAmila prAnta aura karNATaka / tAmila pradezameM cola aura pANDya narezoMmeM jainadharma pahalese hI vartamAna thA, para aba unakI zraddhA aura bhI dRr3ha ho gayI tathA ina rAjAoMne isa dharmake prasArameM bar3A sahayoga pradAna kiyaa| samrATa ela khAravelake eka zilAlekhase patA calatA hai ki usake rAjyAbhiSekake avasara para pANDya rAjAoMne kaI jahAja upahAra bheje the| ye sabhI rAjA jaina the isIliye jaina samrATake abhiSeka ke avasara para unhoMne upahAra bheje the| inakI rAjadhAnI madurA jainoMkA pramukha pracAra kendra bana gayI tho| tAmila grantha 'nAlidiyara' ke sambandhameM kiMvadantI hai ki bhadrabAhu svAmIke vizAla saMghake ATha sahasra jaina sAdhu pANDya deza gaye the, jaba ve vahA~se vApasa Ane lage to pANDaya narezoMne unheM Ane se rokaa| eka dina rAtako cupacApa ina sAdhuoMne rAjadhAnI chor3a dI; para calate samaya pratyeka sAdhune eka-eka tAr3apatra para eka-eka padya likhakara rakha diyA; inhIM padyoMkA saMgraha 'nAlidiyara' kahalAtA hai / ___ tAmila sAhityakA veda kuralakAvya mAnA jAtA hai, isake racayitA AcArya kundakunda haiN| inhoMne asAmpradAyika dRSTikoNase ise likhA hai, jisase yaha kAvya mAnavamAtrake liye apane vikAsameM sahAyaka hai| jainoMke tirukurula, nAla diyara, pachimochI, nAnuchI, ciMtAmaNi, sIlappaDikAram, valaNappadi Adi tAmila bhASAke kAvya vizeSa sundara mAne jAte haiN|

Page #141
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna inake atirikta perakadai, yazodharakAvya, cUr3AmaNi, elAdI, kaliMgatupparaNI, nannUla, neminAda, yappAMru, zrIpurANa, marumaMdara purANaM Adi tAmila graMtha bhI kama prazaMsA ke yogya nhiiN| yaha bAta nirvivAda siddha hai ki vyAkaraNa, chanda, alaMkAra, darzana aura jainAgama prabhRti vibhinna viSayoMke uttamottama graMtha likhakara tAmila vAGmayako samRddhizAlI aura utkRSTa sthitimeM lAnekA zreya jainAcAryoko hI hai| jainAcArya pUjyapAdake ziSya vrajanandine pANDyoMkI rAjadhAnI madurAmeM eka vizAla jaina saMghakI sthApanA kI thii| isa saMgha dvArA tAmila prAMtameM jainadharma kA khUba pracAra huaa| AcArya kuMdakuMdane ponnUragrAmake nikaTa nIlagiri nAmaka parvata para tapasyA kI thI, inake Azrama meM Akara pallava vaMzI zivaskandavarma mahArAjane prAbhRta trayakA adhyayana kiyA thaa| ' tAmila dezake itihAsameM jainadharmakA I0 tIsarI aura cauthI zatAbdImeM kama prabhAva dikhAI par3atA hai / pAMcavIM aura chaThIM sadImeM zavadharmakA bar3A bhArI jora rahA hai, phira bhI jainoMkI tAtkAlIna paristhitikA citraNa vaiSNava aura zaivapurANoMmeM mila jAtA hai| sAtavIM zatAbdIse lekara 11vIM zatAbdItaka zavadharma ke samAnAntara jainadharma bhI calatA rahA / gaMgavADike gaMgavaMzIya rAjAoMne isa dharmako vizeSa protsAhana diyA, jisase vidharmiyoMke dvArA nAnA prakArake atyAcAroMke honepara isakI kSINa rekhA 11 vIM sadIke antataka dikhalAI par3atI rhii| aneka videzI vidvAnoMne apane-apane itihAsameM tAmila prAMtakI jainadharmako unnatikA varNana kiyA hai| vizapa kAlDavelakA kahanA hai ki jainoMkI unnatikA yuga hI tAmila sAhityako unnatikA mahAyuga hai / inhoMne tAmila, kanar3I aura dUsarI lokabhASAoMkA pracAra kiyA, jisase ve janatAke samparka meM adhika Aye / saravAlTara iliyaTake matAnasAra dakSiNakI kalA aura kArIgarIpara jainoMkA amiTa prabhAva hai / tAmila pradezameM jainoMke dvArA hI ahiMsAkA vizeSa pracAra huA, jisase janatAne madya, mAMsa aura madhu bhakSaNakA bhI tyAga kara diyA thaa| brAhmaNoMpara jainoMkI ahiMsAkA itanA adhika prabhAva par3A ki yajJoMmeM bhI hiMsA banda ho gaI / jIva hiMsA-rahita yajJa kiye jAne lge| kucha vidvAnoMkA abhimata hai ki vigrahArAdhanA, purANapuruSoMkI pUjA, gaNapati pUjA, devasthAna-nirmANa-prathA aura jIrNoddhAra-kriyA prabhRti bAteM zaiva aura vaiSNava matoMmeM jaina sampradAyakI dekhAdekhI pracalita huii| ataeva tAmila dezameM I0 pU0 300se lekara I0 1100 taka jainadharmakA khUba pracAra huA, kiMtu isake anantara zaiva aura vaiSNavoMke dharmadveSake kAraNa prabhAvahIna ho gyaa| ___ karNATaka-isa prAMtameM jaina dharmakA vistAra bahuta huA; vahA~kI rAjanIti, dharma, saMskRti, sAhitya, kalA, vijJAna, vyApAra prabhRti sabhI bAteM jainadharmase anuprANita thiiN| aneka jaina rAjAoMke sAtha-sAtha aise niSNAta vidvAn, kavi, kalAkAra aura prabhAvaka guru hue, jinakA prabhAva dakSiNa prAMtakI karNATaka bhUmike kaNa-kaNapara vidyamAna thaa| sAmAjika, dhArmika aura rAjanaitika sabhI mAmaloMmeM jainAcAryoMkA pUrA-pUrA hAtha thA, unakI sammati aura nirNayake uparAnta hI kisI bhI sAMskRtika kAryakA prArambha hotA thA / bhadrabAhu svAmIke saMghake pahuMcaneke pahale bhI yahA~ jaina guruoMko sammAnya sthAna prApta thaa| maurya sAmrAjyake bAda isa prAMtameM AndhravaMzakA zAsana sthApita huA, isa vaMzake sabhI rAjA jainadharmake unnAyaka rahe haiM / inake zAsana-kAlameM sarvatra jainadharmakA abhyudaya thaa| isake pazcAt uttara-pUrvameM pallava aura uttara

Page #142
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 97 pazcimameM kadamba vaMzake rAjya isa prAMta meM sthApita hue / kadamba vaMzake aneka zilAlekha upalabdha haiM, jinameM isa vaMzake rAjAoM dvArA jainoMko dAna denekA ullekha hai / isa vaMzakA dharma jaina thA / kadambavaMzake samAna cAlukya vaMzake rAjA bhI jainadharmAnuyAyI the / pallava vaMzake rAjAoM ke jaina honeke sambandha meM aitihAsika ullekha nahIM milatA hai para bhagavAn neminAmakA vihAra pallava dezameM honese tathA usa samayake samasta dakSiNake vAtAvaraNako jainadharmase anuprANita honeke kAraNa prAcIna pallava vaMza bhI jainadharmakA anuyAyI rahA hogA / cAlukya narezoMne aneka navIna jaina mandira banavAye tathA unhoMne aneka mandiroMkA jIrNoddhAra karAyA thA / kannar3ake prasiddha jaina kavi pampakA bhI sammAna isa vaMzake rAjAoM dvArA huA thA / gaMgavaMza-karNATaka prAMtameM jainadharmake prasArakoMmeM isa vaMzake rAjAoMkA pramukha hAtha hai / itihAsa batalAtA hai ki dakSiNa bhAratIya gaMgarAjAoMke pUrvaja gaMgAnada- pradezavAsI ikSvAkuvaMzI kSatriya the| inakI santAna paramparAmeM daDiga aura mAdhava nAmake do zUravIra vyakti utpanna hue, jinhoMne perUra nAmaka sthAnapara jAkara AcArya siMhanandIkA ziSyatva grahaNa kiyA / usa samaya perUra jaina saMskRtikA pramukha kendra thA, yahA~ para jaina mandira aura jaina saMgha vidyamAna thA / AcAryane ina donoMko rAjanIti aura dharmazAstrakI zikSA dekara pUrNa niSNAta banA diyA tathA padmAvatIdevIse unake lie varadAna prApta kiyA / AcAryakI zikSA aura varadAnake prabhAvase ina donoM vIroMne apanA rAjya sthApita kara liyA tathA kuvalAlameM rAjadhAnI sthApita kara gaMgavADI pradezapara zAsana kiyaa| gaMgarAjAoMkA rAjacihna madagajendra lAJchana aura unakI dhvajA piccha cinha aMkita thI / usa samaya jainadharma rASTradharma thA, aura isake guru kevala dhArmika hI guru nahIM the, balki rAjanaitika guru bhI the / dagine jainadharmake prasArake liye maMDali nAmaka sthAnapara eka lakar3IkA bhavya jinAlaya nirmANa karAyA, jo zilpakalAkA eka sundara namUnA thA / kyoMki usa yuga ke mandira kevala darzakoM ko bhakti pipAsAko hI zAnta nahIM karate the, balki dharma, sAhitya, saMskRti ke pracAra ke pramukha kendra sthAna bhI mAne jAte the / gaMgarAjAoMmeM avanItake guru jainamuni kIrtideva aura durvinItake AcArya pUjyapAda the / isa vaMzakA eka rAjA mArasiMha dvitIya thA, yaha itanA parAkramI aura sAhasI thA ki isane cera, cola aura pANDya vaMzoMpara vijaya prApta kara lI thI / jIvanake antima samaya meM ise saMsArase virakti ho gaI thI, jisase isane vipula aizvarya ke sAtha rAjyapada tyAga diyA aura dhArabAra prAnta ke bAMkApura nAmaka sthAnameM apane guru ajitasenAcArya ke sammukha samAdhipUrvaka prANatyAga kiyA thA / gaMgavaMzake 21 veM rAjA rAcamalla satyavAkyake zAsana kAlameM usake maMtrI aura kavi pratiSThA karAI thI / vairIkulakAladaNDa, satya cAmuNDarAyane zravaNabelagola sthAna meM zrIgomaTTezvarakI vizAla pratimAkI cAmuNDarAyakI vIramArttaNDa, cUr3AmaNi, samaradhurandhara, tribhuvana vIra, yudhiSThira aneka upAdhiyA~ thI / mantri pravara cAmuNDarAya jainadharmake bar3e bhArI upAsaka the, inhoMne apanA guru AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta - cakravartIko mAnA hai / vIratAke sAtha vidvattA bhI inameM pUrI thI, saMskRta aura kannar3a donoM hI bhASAoMpara pUrNa adhikAra thA / cAritrasAra saMskRta bhASAmeM racA gayA inakA prasiddha grantha hai, kannaDameM inhoMne triSaSThi lakSaNa mahApurANa 13

Page #143
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna nAmaka prasiddha grantha racA hai / cAmuNDarAyane jainadharmakI unnati ke liye aneka kArya kiye haiM / isa prakAra gaMgavaMzake sabhI rAjAoMne mandira banavAye, mandiroMke prabandhake liye bhUmi dAna kI aura jaina guruoM ko sammAna dekara sAhitya aura kalAkA sRjana karAyA / durvinIta, nAmakarma, guNavarma prathama cAmuNDarAya ityAdi aneka ullekhanIya jaina kalAkAra gaMgavaMza ke rAjyakAlameM hue haiM / 98 gaMgavaMzakAlIna jaina sAhitya aura kalA - gaMgarAjyakAla meM saMskRta aura prAkRta bhASA sAhityakI vizeSa unnati huI / azokake zAsana-lekhoM aura sAtavAhana evaM kadamba rAjAoM ke sikkoMpara aMkita lekhoMse prakaTa hai ki isa yugameM prAkRta bhASAkA vyavahAra saMskRtake sAtha-sAtha brAhmaNa aura jaina donoM hI vidvAn karate the / 7vIM aura 8vIM zatImeM gaMgavADimeM adhika saMkhyA meM Akara jaina basa gaye the, taba vahA~ saMskRta sAhityakI pavitra mandAkinI pravAhita huI, jisakI kala-kala dhvanise aSTazatI, AptamImAMsA, padmapurANa, uttarapurANa, kalyANa kAraka prabhRti racanAe~ prasphuTita huiiN| saMskRta aura prAkRta ke sAhitya ke sAtha-sAtha kannar3a bhASAkA sAhitya bhI unnatikI ora agrasara ho rahA thA; prAcIna kannar3a, jo ki sAhityika bhASA thI, usakA sthAna navIna kannar3ane le liyA thA / isameM pUjyapAda samantabhadra jaise yuga pravarttaka prasiddha AcAryoMne bhI sAhityakA nirmANa kiyA / isa yuga meM kucha aise kavi bhI hue haiM, jo tInoM bhASAoMke - saMskRta, prAkRta aura kannar3ake vidvAn the / guNavarmane gaMgarAjA aireyappa ke samaya meM 'harivaMza' kI racanA kI thI / inhIM ke samakAlIna kavi pampa bahuta prasiddha kavi hue haiM, inheM kavitA guNArNava, pUrNakavi, sajjanottama Adi vizeSaNoMse sambodhita kiyA gayA hai| isa mahAkavine lokakalyANakI bhAvanA se prerita hokara AdipurANa, vikramArjuna vijaya laghupurANa, pArzvanAthapurANaM aura paramArga nAmaka granthoM kI racanA kI hai / pampa ke samakAlIna mahAkavi ponna aura ranna bhI haiM / ina donoM kaviyoMne bhI kannar3a sAhityako zrIvRddhimeM apUrva yoga diyA hai / ponnakA zAntinAthapurANa aura ratnakA ajitanAtha - purANa kannar3a sAhitya ke ratna haiM / inake atirikta AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartIne ubhaya bhASAoM meM graMtha racanA kI hai / kalA - gaMgavADimeM sthApatya aura zilpakalAkI vizeSa unnati huI thI / usa samaya samasta dakSiNa bhArata meM darzanIya bhavya maMdira, divya mUrtiyA~, sundara stambha prabhRti mUlyavAn vizAla kRtiyA~ sthApita huiiN| gaMgavADikI jainakalA bilkula bhinna rahI / gaMgavaMzake samasta rAjAoM ne jinAlayoM kA nirmANa karAyA thaa| maMdiroMkI dIvAla aura chatoMpara kahIM-kahIM nakkAsI aura paccIkArIkA kAna bhI kiyA gayA thA / koI-koI maMdira do maMjilake bhI the aura cAroM ora daravAje rahate the / pASANake sivA lakar3Ike jinAlaya bhI banavAye gaye the / isa yuga meM mUrti nirmANa kalAmeM bhI jaina loga bahuta Age bar3he- car3he the; prasiddha bAhubalI svAmIkI mUrti isakA jvalanta nidarzana hai / yaha mUrti Aja bhI duniyAkI Azcaryajanaka vastuoMmeMse eka hai / maMdiroMke atirikta gaMgarAjAoMne maNDapa aura stambhoMkA bhI nirmANa karAyA thA / jaina maNDapa pA~ca stambhake hote the, cAroM konoMpara stambha lagAneke atirikta bIcameM bhI stambha lagAyA jAtA thA aura isa bIca vAle stambhako vizeSatA yaha thI ki vaha Upara chatameM isa

Page #144
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 99 prakAra phiTa kiyA jAtA thA jisase talI meMse rUmAla Ara-pAra ho sakatA thA / ye stambha mAnastambha aura brahmadeva stambha, ina do bhedoMmeM vibhakta the / I0 sa0 1004 meM jaba gaMganarezoMkI rAjadhAnI talakAdako cola rAjAoMne jIta liyA to phira isa vaMzakA pratApa kSINa ho gayA / isake pazcAt dakSiNa bhAratameM hoysala vaMzakA rAjya pratiSThita huA / isa vaMzakI unnati bhI jaina guruoM kI kRpAse huI thii| isa vaMzakA pUrvaja rAjA sala thA / kahA jAtA hai ki eka samaya yaha rAjA apanI kuladevI ke maMdira meM sudatta nAma jaina sAdhuse vidyA grahaNa kara rahA thA, itanemeM vanase nikalakara eka bAgha salako mAraneke liye jhpttaa| sAdhune eka DaNDA salako dekara kahA - 'popa sala' - mArasala / salane usa susse bAghako mAra DAlA aura isa ghaTanAko smaraNa rakhaneke liye usane apanA nAma popasala rakhA, Age jAkara yahI hoysala ho gayA / gaMgavaMzake samAna isa vaMzake rAjA bhI viTTimadeva taka jaina dharmAnuyAyI rahe aura jainadharmake prasArake liye nirantara udyoga karate rahe / jaba rAmAnujAcArya ke prabhAva meM Akara viTTimadeva vaiSNava ho gayA, to usane apanA nAma viSNuvarddhana rakhA / isakI pahalI dharmapatnI zAntaladevI kaTTara jainI thii| usIke prabhAvake kAraNa isa rAjAne jainadharma ke abhyudaya ke lie aneka kArya kiye / viSNuvarddhanakA maMtrI gaMgarAja to jainadharmakA stambha thA / zravaNabelagolake zilAlekhoM meM kaI zilAlekha unakI dAnavIratA aura dhArmikatAkI duhAI dete haiM / viSNuvarddhanake uttarAdhikArI narasiMha prathamake maMtrI hullAsane bhI isa dharmako dakSiNa meM phailAnekA prayatna kiyA / vastutaH maisUra prAMtameM ina donoM maMtriyoMne tathA cAmuNDarAyane jainadharma ke prasArake liye aneka kArya kiye haiM / hoysalake pazcAt bar3e rAjavaMzoMmeM rASTrakUTakA nAma AtA hai, isa vaMzake pratApI rAjAoM ke Azrayase jainadharmakA acchA abhyudaya huA / mAnyakheTa inakI rAjadhAnI thI, isa vaMza meM aneka rAjA jainadharmAnuyAyI hue haiM aura sabhIne apane-apane zAsana kAla meM jainadharmakI prabhAvanA kI hai / amoghavarSa prathamakA nAma di0 jainadharmakI unnati karane vAloMmeM bar3e gaurava ke sAtha liyA jAtA hai / yaha rAjA di0 jainadharmakA bar3A bhArI zraddhAlu thA, isane antima avasthAmeM rAja-pATa chor3akara jinadIkSA apane guru jinasenAcArya se le lI thI / amoghavarSane jinasenAcAryake ziSya guNabhadrAcAryako bhI prazraya diyA thA / samrAT amoghavarSane apane uttarAdhikArI kRSNarAja dvitIya guNabhadrAcAryako guruke liye niyukta kiyA thA / zravaNabelagolakI pArzvanAthavasati zilAlekhase prakaTa hai ki samrAT kRSNarAjakI rAjasabhAmeM jaina guruoMkA Agamana hotA thA tathA vaha yathocita satkAra karate the / isa vaMza meM utpanna hue cAroM indra rAjAoMne jainadharmako dhAraNa kiyA thA tathA usake pracAra aura prasArake lie aneka yatna bhI kiye the / yadyapi antima rAjA indrako rAjyakI vyavasthA karanemeM pUrNa saphalatA nahI milI thI, jisase usane jinadIkSA grahaNa kara lI thI / kalacuri vaMza ke narezoMne tAmila dezapara car3hAI kI thI aura vahA~ke rAjAoMko parAsta karake apanA zAsana sthApita kiyA thaa| ye rAjA jainadharmake anuyAyI the, inake pahu~canese tAmila deza meM jainadharmakA prasAra huA thaa| isa vaMzake rAjAoMkA rASTrakUTa narezoMse ghaniSTha sambandha thA, inameM paraspara vaivAhika sambaMdha bhI hue the /

Page #145
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna ina pradhAna rAjavaMzoMke atirikta nolamba, sAntAra, cAMgalva, vyoGgalva, punnATa, senavAra, sAluva, mahAbali, elinakA raTTa, zilAhAra, cellaketana, pazcimI cAlukya prabhRti rAjavaMzoMke aneka rAjA jainadharmAnuyAyI the| ina vaMzoMke jo rAjA jainadharmakA pAlana nahIM bhI karate the, unhoMne bhI jainadharmakI unnatimeM pUrA sahayoga pradAna kiyA thaa| isa prakAra karNATakake sabhI rAjAoMne jainadharmakA vistAra kiyA / jena kalA aura sAhitya-rASTrakUTa prabhRti uparyukta rAjAoMke kAlameM jaina sAhitya aura kalAkI dRSTise vicAra karanepara jJAta hotA hai ki jaina kalA aura jaina sAhityakA vikAsa isa samayameM bahuta huA hai| rASTrakUTa aura cAlukya vaMzoMke rAjyakAlameM jainadharmake prAbalyane samasta karNATakako ahiMsAmaya banA diyA thA; jisake phalasvarUpa rASTra khUba phalA-phUlA, dezameM sukha samRddhikI puNyadhArA bahI / phalataH mAnava samAjake hRdayakA Ananda apanI saMkucita sImAko pArakara bAhara nikalane lagA, jisase kalA aura sAhityakA praNayana adhika huaa| kalA aura sAhitya premI ina rAjAoMke darabArameM sAhityika jJAna goSThiyA~ hotI thI, ina goSThiyoMmeM honevAlI carcAoMmeM rAjA loga svayaM bhAga lete the / rASTrakUTa vaMzake kaI rAjA kavi aura vidvAn the, isase inakI sabhAmeM kavi aura vidvAn ucita sammAna pAte the| dhavalA aura jayadhavalA TIkAoMkA sRjana rASTrakUTa vaMzIya rAjAoMke jaina sAhitya premakA jvalanta nidarzana haiM / darzana, vyAkaraNa, kAvya, purANa, jyotiSa, gaNita, Ayurveda prabhRti vibhinna viSayoMpara aneka maulika racanAe~ likhI giiN| isa kAlake jaina kaviyoMne dUtakAvya aura campUkAvyakI paramparA prakaTa kara kAvyakSetrameM zRMgAra rasake sthAnapara zAMtarasakA samAveza kiyA / jinasenAcAryakA pArvAbhyudaya, AdipurANa, varddhamAnapurANa, pArzvastuti; somadevAcAryakA yazastilaka campU, nItivAkyAmRta; guNabhadrAcAryakA AtmAnuzAsana, uttarapurANa, jinadatta caritra; vAdirAjakA yazodharacarita, pArzvanAthacarita, ekIbhAvastotra, kukutsthacarita, nyAyavinizcaya vivaraNa aura vAdamaMjarI; mahAvIrAcAryakA gaNitasAra saMgraha; zAkaTAnAcAryakA zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa tathA usakI TIkA amoghavRtti prabhRti saMskRta jaina racanAe~ ullekhanIya hai / apabhraMza bhASAmeM kavi puSpadantakA mahApurANa, jasahara cariu; NAyakumAra cariu; kavi dhavalakA harivaMza purANa, kavi svayaMbhUkA harivaMzapurANa, pauma cariya, devasenakA sAvayadhamma dohA aura abhayadeva sUrikA jayatihuyaNa stotra ityAdi grantha bhI jaina sAhityakI amUlya nidhi haiM / granthoMke atirikta kannar3a bhASAmeM bhI kAvya, purANa, nATaka, vaidyaka, jyotiSa, nIti prabhati vibhinna viSayoMpara aneka grantha likhe gaye the / sAhityakI unnati ke sAtha jainoMne kalAke kSetrameM bhI pragati kI thI / rASTra kUTa, cAlukya, kadamba, hoyasala ityAdi vaMzake rAjAoMne aneka jaina maMdira aura jaina mUttiyoMkA nirmANa karAyA thA / yadyapi jainoMne apanI kalAko zAMtarasase ota-prota rakhA thA tathA apane dhArmika siddhAMtoMke anusAra mUtti aura maMdiroMpara vItarAgatAkI hI bhAvanAeM aMkita kI thI, phira bhI sarvasAdhAraNake liye AkarSaNa kama nahIM thaa| amarezvarammeM eka mandirako chatameM saMgrAmake dRzyase aMkita eka patthara lagA hai, jisameM kilA banA huA hai, dhanuSabANa cala rahe haiN| nagara aura koTakA aisA sajIva aMkana kiyA gayA hai, jo darzakoMke dhyAnako apanI ora AkRSTa kiye binA nahIM raha sktaa| zravaNaguDImeM eka jainamaThake pAsa khar3e hue pASANoMmeM eka ghur3asavAra apane bhAlese eka

Page #146
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 101 piyAdeke talavAra bArako rokatA huA dikhalAyA gayA hai| kaI citra to zAMtike mUttimAna pratIka haiN| aihIle aura ilorAke jainamaMdiroMke mAnasambha bhI milate haiN| jaina mAnastambhoMke viSayameM vilahausa sA0 ne likhA hai : "The whole capital and canopy of Jain pillors are a wonder of light, clegant, highly decorated stone work; and nothing can surpass the stately grace of these beautiful Pillors, whose proportions and adaptations to surrounding scenery are always Perfect, and whose richness of decoration never offends." arthAt jaina stambhoMkI AdhAra zilA tathA zikhara bArIka, sundara aura samalaMkRta zilpacAturyako Azcaryajanaka vastu haiN| ina sundara stambhoMkI divya prabhAse koI bhI vastu samAnatA nahIM kara sakatI / ye prAkRtika sauMdarya ke anurUpa hI banAye gaye haiM / nakkAsI aura mahattA inakI sarvapriya hai| ___kalAparipUrNa maMdira aura mUttiyoMkI prazaMsA bhI aneka vidvAnoMne mukta kaNThase kI hai| isa taraha jainadharma dakSiNa bhAratameM apanA prabhutva 13 vIM sadI taka sthApita kiye rahA / zaMkarAcArya, zaivAnuyAyI rAjA evaM anya dhArmika vidveSoMke bhayaMkara jhoMke lagane para bhI isa dharmakA dIpaka Aja bhI dakSiNameM TimaTimA

Page #147
jaina itihAsakI prAcIra para kucha bhUle-bisare prasaMga suhoniyA yA sudhInapura prAcIna bhArata meM suhoniyA jaina saMskRtikA kendra rahA hai / yaha gvAliyarase 24 mIla uttarakI ora tathA kutavarase 14 mIla uttara-pUrva ahasina nadIke uttarI taTapara sthita hai / kahA jAtA hai ki pahale yaha nagara 12 kosake vistArameM thA aura isake cAra phATaka the| yahA~se eka kosakI dUrIpara vilaunI nAmaka gA~va meM do khambhe abhI taka khar3e milate haiM; pazcimameM eka kosa dUrapara vaurIpurA nAmaka gA~vameM eka daravAjekA aMza abhI taka vartamAna hai / do kosa pUrva puravAsameM aura do kosa dakSiNa bAr3hAmeM abhI taka daravAjoMke dhvaMsAvazeSa sthita haiN| ina sImA binduoMkI dUrI nApanepara suhoniyAkA prAcIna vistAra bilkula ThIka mAlUma hotA hai / gvAliyarake saMsthApaka sUrajasenake pUrvajoM dvArA Ajase do hajAra varSa pUrva isa nagarakA nirmANa kiyA gayA thaa| kahate haiM ki rAjA sUrajasenako kuSTha roga ho gayA thA, usane isase mukti pAneke lie aneka upAya kiye, para bhayAnaka rogakA zamana nahIM huaa| acAnaka rAjAne eka dina ambikA devIke pArzvameM sthita tAlAbameM snAna kiyA, jisase vaha usa rogase chuTakArA pA gayA / isa smRtiko sadA kAyama rakhane ke lie usane apanA nAma zodhanapAla yA suddhanapAla rakhA tathA isa nagarakA nAma suddhanapura yA sudhiyAnapura rakhA; Age calakara yahI nagara suhAniyA, sihoniyA yA sudhAniyA nAmoMse pukArA jAne lgaa| kokanapura maThakA bar3A mandira jo gvAliyarake kilese dikhalAyI detA hai, usakI rAnI kokanavatIke dvArA banavAyA gayA thaa| isa mandirakA nirmANa kAla I0 275 hai, isa rAnIne eka vizAla jaina mandira bhI suhAniyAke pAsa banavAyA thaa| isakA dharmake Upara aTala vizvAsa thA / suhoniyAmeM usa samaya sabhI sampradAya-vAloMke bar3e-bar3e mandira the| jaina yakSiNI deviyoMke mandiroMkA pRthak nirmANa bhI kiyA gayA thaa| 10 vIM zatAbdI taka brAhmaNa matake sAtha jainadharmakA prasAra isa nagarame hotA rahA / 4 thI aura 5 vIM sadomeM sihoniyA~ke Asa-pAsa 11 jaina maMdira the; jinakA nirmANa jaisavAla jainoMne kiyA thaa| san 1165-1175 ke bIca meM kannaujake rAjA ajayacandane isa nagarapara AkramaNa kiyA / isa samaya isa nagarakA zAsana eka rAva ThAkurake adhIna thA jo ki gvAliyarake antargata thaa| isa yuddha meM rAva ThAkurako parAjaya huI, aura kannaujakA zAsana sthApita ho gayA / lekina suhAniyAke durbhAgyakA udaya ho cukA thA, usakI unnati aura zrI sadAke liye rUTha gayI thI; phalataH kannaujake zAsaka bhI vahA~ adhika dinataka nahIM raha sake tathA yaha sundara nagara ujar3ane lgaa| isakA zAsana punaH gvAliyarake antargata pahu~cA, para isake adhikAMza maMdira maTha dharAzAyI hone lge| musalamAna bAdazAhoMko senAkA praveza bhI idhara huA, jisane sundara mUttiyoMko bhagna kiyA aura maMdiroMko dhUlisAt kara diyA / abhI hAlameM isa nagarameM bhUgarbhase zrI zAMtinAtha bhagavAnkI eka vizAlakAya 16 phuTa

Page #148
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 103 cI pratimA nikalI hai tathA aura bhI aneka jaina mUrtiyA~ vahA~para vidyamAna haiN| sunane meM AyA ga ki bra0 gumAnIlAlako zAsana devatAne svapnameM mUttiyoMkI bAta kahI thI; una brahmacArI jIke kahanepara hI vahA~kI samAjane usa bIhar3a jaMgalameM khudAI kI jisameM aneka pratimAeM nikliiN| rativarSa aba yahA~para vArSika melA bhI lagatA hai / khudAI karanepara abhI aura bhI mUrtiyA~ tathA jaina saMskRtikI anya vastue~ nikala sakatI haiN| purAtattvajJoMne jaMgalameM par3I huI jaina mUttiko dekhakara gvAliyarakI riporTa meM likhA hai ki yaha mUtti Ajase kama-se-kama eka hajAra varSa pahaleko avazya hai| (2) kavi vRndAvana kRta satasaI-saptazatI kavivara vRndAvanajI pratibhAzAlI kavi the, inakA janma saM0 1848meM zAhAbAda jileke bArA nAmaka gA~vameM goyala gotrIya agravAla kulameM huA thaa| inake pitAkA nAma dharmacanda aura mAtAkA nAma sitAbI thaa| inhoMne caubIsa pATha, vRMdAvana vilAsa, pravacanasAra TIkA, tIsacaubIsI-pUjA-pATha Adi graMtha likhe haiN| jainasiddhAnta bhavana, ArAmeM ukta kavivarakI eka satasaI hai; isameM 700 dohe haiM / isa graMthake antameM prazasti dI gaI hai : iti vRndAvanajI kRta satasaiyA caitra kRSNa 15 saMvata 1953 guruvAra ATha baje rAtriko ArAmapurameM bAbU ajitadAsake putra harIdAsane likhakara pUrNa kiyA so jaivaMta hohu zubhaM zubhaM zubhaM // ata : kavivarake pautra dvArA likhita isako prAmANika mAnanA caahiye| kintu isake bhItara aise bhI aneka dohe haiM, jo kavivarake pUrvakAlIna giradhara, vihArI, rahIma, tulasI Adike nAmase prasiddha haiN| patA nahIM satasaIke bhItara ye dohe kaise Agaye ? graMthakA prArambhika aMza isa prakAra hai : zrIguranAtha prasAda teM, hoya manoratha siddha / varSA taiM jyo taruvelidala, phUlaphalana kI vRddhi / kiye bRnda prastAvako, dohA sugama banAya / ukta artha diSTAnta kari, dir3ha kara diye batAya // 1 // bhAva sarala samajhata sabai, bhale lage hiya Aya / jaise avasarako kahI, vAnI sunata suhAya // 3 / / nIkIhu phIkI lage, vina avasarakI bAta / jaise varanata yuddhameM, rasa siMgAra na suhAta / / inakI yaha satasaI vihArIke samAna zRMgArika kRti nahIM hai, pratyuta nIti aura vairAgyase ota-prota hai / inakI yaha racanA janahitAya hI huI hai, mAnavake caritrako vikasita karanA hI inakA dhyeya rahA hai / laukika jJAna samAjako pradAnakara use vyavahAra kuzala aura saMyamita banAnekA prayatna kavikA hai / vAstavameM sAhitya kSetrameM nIti kAvyoMkA sthAna bhI utanA hI U~cA aura zrela hai jitanA zRMgArika rcnaaoNkaa| isa racanAmeM kavine sahRdaya mAnava samAjameM bhAvoMkI

Page #149
104 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna sabhI vRttiyA~ jAgRtakara karuNa, dayA, kSamA, sahAnubhUti Adi komala vRttiyoMke vikAsa para jora diyA hai / yaha racanA atyanta sarala, sarasa aura sadyaH prabhAvotpAdinI hai / (3) bakuNDakA dhvaMsa jaina mandira gvAliyara se dakSiNa-pazcimameM dubakuNDa nAmaka purAnA jaina maMdira hai| yaha kunU aura cambala bIcameM gvAliyarase 76 mIla dakSiNa-pazcima aura zivapurIse 44 mIla uttara-pazcimameM eka upatyakAke Upara sthita hai| gvAliyarakI sar3akase 98 mIla dUra hai / zrI bA0 jvAlAprasAda, jo san 1866 meM kaptAna melavilake sAtha usa sthAnakA avalokana karane gaye the, unhoMne vahA~ utkIrNa eka lekhako par3hakara maMdirakA nirmANa saM0 741 batAyA; parantu kucha purAtattvajJoMne usakA samaya saM0 1088 yA 1145 kahA hai / kyoMki anya utkIrNa zilAlekhoMse isa matakI puSTi ho jAtI hai / yaha samaya zrI vikramasiMha mahArAjAdhirAjake kAlameM par3atA hai | gvAliyarake rAjAoM kI nAmAvalImeM isa nAmake rAjAkA ullekha nahIM hai, kintu gvAliyarake yuvarAja 'kacchapa vaMza ghaTa tilaka' kahe jAte haiM, ata: isa kacchavAha vaMzI rAjAkA saMbaMdha gvAliyara se rahA hogA / dUbakuNDakA maMdira 750 phITa lambA aura 400 phITa caur3A aNDAkAra gheremeM hai / pUrva kI ora praveza dvAra hai, dvArake sAmane pattharameM kaTA huA 50 vargaphITa kA eka tAlAba hai / yaha maMdira bilkula gira gayA hai / isake bhItara ziva-pArvatI ke maMdirakA dhvaMsAvazeSa bhI hai / bera aura babUla ke per3oMkA jaMgala itanA ghanA hai ki samasta maMdirameM ghUmanA kaThina hai / yahA~kI sabhI mUrtiyA~ jaina haiM / eka mUrtipara caMdraprabhukA nAma bhI likhA huA hai| kivadaMtI hai ki yahA~ prAcIna kAla meM jainiyoM kA melA bhI lagatA thA / prAcIna samayameM pazcimake kisI rAjAne AkramaNakara yahA~ke maMdira ko tor3a diyA thA, tathA aneka mUrtiyoMko tAlAba meM DubA diyA aura sone-cA~dIko mUrtiyoM ko vaha * le gayA thaa| mUttiyoMko DubAneke kAraNa hI isa maMdirakA nAma DUbakuNDa arthAt dUba kuNDa par3a gayA hai / prasiddhi hai ki dovAzAha aura bhImAzAha nAmaka jaina zrAvakoMne isa maMdirako banavAyA thA / kintu zilAlekhameM batAyA gayA hai ki muni vijayakIttike upadezase jaisavAla vaMzI dAha, kUkeka, sUrpaTa, devaghara aura mahIcandra Adi catura zrAvakoMne maMdirakA nirmANa karAyA thA jisake pUjana, saMrakSaNa evaM jIrNoddhAra Adike lie kacchavAha rAjA vikramasiMha ne bhUmi dAna bhI dI thii| marAThA saradAra amara siMhane dharmAndha hokara jaina saMskRtike stambha isa maMdira ko nastanAbUda kiyA thaa| isa maMdirake saMbaMdha meM kahA gayA hai 'The Jain temple o Dubkund is square enclosure of 81 feet each way; on each side there are ten rooms. The four corner rooms have doors opening outwards, but all the rest open inwards into a corridor, supported on only seven Chapels, there being exactly eight chapels on each of the other three sides. Each chapel is 5 feet 8 inches square." arthAt -- jaina maMdira 81 phITake gheremeM hai, isameM cAroM ora dasa kamare haiM, cAroM konoMke daravAje bAhara kI ora khulate haiM, bAkI sabhI daravAje bhItara barAmadekI ora sulate haiM jo ki

Page #150
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 105 cokora stambhoMke Upara sthita hai / pUrvakI tarapha sAta vediyA~ haiM aura zeSa sabhI ora ATha-ATha vediyA~ haiM / pratyeka vedI 5 phITa 8 iMcake vargakI hai / isa maMdira meM 31 kamare jo bAhara kI ora khulate haiM, unameM 31 vediyA~ aura cAra kamare jo bhItarakI ora khulate haiM, unameM cAra vediyA~ haiM, isa prakAra isa maMdirameM kula 35 vediyA~ haiM / vediyoM meM citrakArI kI gaI hai, daravAjoMpara bhI sundara kArIgarI hai / pratyeka daravAjeke donoM ora cAra-cAra bar3I mUrtiyA~ haiM tathA daravAjeke Upara tIna-tIna bar3I padmAsana mUrtiyA~ haiM / khambhe caukora haiM, ye Upara aura nIce caur3e haiM, inake Upara cAra cAra brekiTeM haiM, jo chatako saMbhAle hue haiM / ina khambhoMkI U~cAI 7 phITa 5 iMca hai / dakSiNa - pUrvake koneke kamarekI vedIpara tIna UMcI khar3I mUrtiyA~ virAjamAna haiM / inameM bIcakI mUrti 12 phITa, 6 iMca UMcI aura 3 phITa 8 iMca caur3I hai / yaha jamInameM nIce dha~sI huI hai / zeSa donoM bagala vAlI mUttiyA~ 9 phITa 9 iMca UMcI aura 2 phITa 4 iMca caur3I haiM / maMdira bhUmisAt hai, isakI chata gira gaI hai, barAmadeko chatake kucha kinAreke hisse laTaka rahe haiN| bAharameM tIna yakSiNiyoMkI mUrtiyAM bhagna mUrtiyoM ke sAtha par3I huI haiM, ye bhagna sabhI mUrtiyA~ digambara sampradAyakI haiM / eka stambhapara tIna paMktiyoMkA lekha utkIrNa hai prathama paMkti - saM0 1152 vaizAkha sudI paJcamyAM dvitIya paMkti - zrIkASThAsaMgha mahAcAryavayaM zrIdeva tRtIya paMkti - senapAdukA yugalam nIce ke hisse meM eka bhagna mUrti hai, jisapara zrIdeva likhA hai / eka khaDgAsana mUrtike nIce nimna lekha utkIrNa hai, isa lekhameM saMvat aura tithikA jikra nahIM hai zrImAna vasu pratimA Su zroSThano kA zreThinI lakSmIH arthAt isa lekhameM batAye gaye 'vasu' vAsupUjya bhagavAn haiM, jo ki 12 veM tIrthaMkara haiM / dakSiNakI tarapha 16 iMcake toraNapara 59 paMktiyoMkA lambA lekha utkIrNa hai / yaha saMvat 1945 kA hai / isakA prArambha " OMnamo vItarAgAya " se huA hai| zrI zAntinAthajina aura zrImajjinAdhipati Adi nAma bhI Aye haiM tathA isameM lADavAgaDa gaNake devasena, kulabhUSaNa, durlabhasena, aMbarasena aura zAntiSeNa ina pA~ca AcAryoMke nAma bhI pAye jAte haiM /

Page #151
jainadharma ke prabhAvaka puruSa evaM nAriyA~ isa parivartanazIla saMsAra meM deza samAja rASTra yA dharma ke lie jo avi nazvara kArya kara jAte haiM, unakA nAma itihAsa meM sadA amara rahatA hai| jaina itihAsa meM aise aneka vyaktiyoM ke nAma milate haiM, jinhoMne samAja aura dharma ke utthAna ke mahatvapUrNa kArya kiye haiM / isa nibandha meM Atma sAdhaka yA sarasvatI upAsaka vyaktiyoM kA ullekha na kara itihAsa mAnya aise nara-nAriyoM kA nirdeza prastuta kiyA jAyagA, jinhoMne apane kAryoM se jaina zAsana aura jaina saMgha ko apane jIvanakAla meM paryApta preraNA aura gati pradAna kI hai / yaha sArvajanika satya hai ki tyAgI aura samAjasevI vyaktiyoMke kArya yuga-yugAntara taka janamAnasako prerita karate rahate haiM / samAja, deza yA rASTra meM nirahI sevAmAvI aura karmaTha vyakti hI apane preraka kAryoMke kAraNa bar3e mAne jAte haiM aura aise vyaktiyoMke pAvana carita hI AnevAlI pIr3hiyoMke lie udbodhaka hote haiM / 1 jaina dharmake prabhAvaka puruSa jaina gaNamAnya vyaktiyoM meM sarvaprathama candragupta mauryakA nAma AtA hai / isane vizAla senAkA saMgaThanakara vistRta sAmrAjya kI sthApanA kI thii| isake rAjyakI sImA baMgAla sAgaropakUla se lekara araba samudra taka vyApta thI / vAstavika meM bhAratavarSakA yahI sarvaprathama aitihAsika samrAT huA hai / candraguptane samrAT hone para apane paropakArI cANakyako maMtrI pada diyA, para cANakyane pradhAna maMtritvakA bhAra nandarAjAke bhUtapUrva jaina dharmAnuyAyI maMtrI rAkSasa ko supurda karane salAha dI / candraguptane rAkSasako pradhAna maMtritvakA bhAra sauNpaa| prajA vatsala candragupta ne apane rAjya kI suvyavasthA kI / pATalIputrameM rAjadhAnI rahane para bhI ujjayinI meM bhI apanI upa rAjadhAnI sthApita kI / megasthanIjake ullekhAnusAra candragupta zramaNa guruoMkI upAsanA AhAradAna evaM prANahitake kAryoM meM saMlagna rahatA thaa| DaoN0 jAyasavAlane likhA hai - " ye maurya mahArAja bedoMke karmaShrish nahIM mAnate the aura na brAhmaNoMkI jAtiko apanese UMcA samajhate the / bhAratake ye vrAtya avaidika kSatriya sArvakAlika sAmrAjya akSaya dharma vijaya sthApita karanekI kAmanA vAle hue DaoN. jAyasavAlake ukta kathanase yaha dhvanita hotA hai ki ve maurya samrAT candraguptako avaidika arthAt jaina mAnate haiM / lUIsa - rAIsa tathA mahAmahopAdhyAya Ara0 narasiMhAcArya ne candragupta mauryako jaina svIkAra kiyA hai aura usakI dakSiNa yAtrAko yathArtha mAnA hai / DaoN0 phloTa aura DaoN0 vo0 e0 smitha ne bhI isa bAtako svIkAra kiyA hai ki candra gupta rAjyaka lyyn 1. maurya sAmrAjya ke itihAsa kI bhUmikA 2. Mysore and Kurga from the inscription Page 2 - 10 3. Inscription of Shravana Beyola, Page 36-40 4. epigrAphikA inDikA, jilda 3, pR0 171 aura inDiyana, enTIkviyarI jilda 21, pR0 156 5. aralI hisTrI oNpha iNDiyA, tRtIya saMskaraNa, pR0 75-76

Page #152
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 107 tyAgakara jaina sAdhu ho gayA thA aura zravaNavelagolameM usakA svargavAsa huaa| prAcIna jaina grantha "tiloyapaNNatti" meM likhA hai ki-"mukuTadhArI rAjAoMmeM antima rAjA candraguptane jina dIkSA dhAraNA kI'' candragupta mauryake samayameM uttara bhAratameM 12 varSakA bhayaMkara durbhikSa par3A aura zrutakevalI bhadrabAhune 12 hajAra muniyoMke saMgha sahita dakSiNakI ora prasthAna kiyA / hariSeNa kRta bRhata kathAkoSa' meM batAyA hai ki dIkSita ho jAneke pazcAt candraguptakA nAma vizAkhAcArya rakhA gayA aura ve dazapUrviyoMmeM prathama hue tathA bhadrabAhune apanA uttarAdhikAra candraguptako sauNpaa| rAjyabhogake pazcAt candraguptane bhadrabAhu svAmIke caraNoMmeM ujjayinImeM zramaNa dIkSA grahaNa kI aura unake sAtha dakSiNakI ora vihAra kiyaa| bhadrabAhu svAmIne apanA antima samaya jAnakara zravaNavelagolake kaTavapra parvata para samAdhimaraNa grahaNa kiyaa| candraguptane bhadrabAhu svAmIke sAtha rahakara unakI antima avasthA taka sevA kI aura varSoM taka muni saMghakA saMcAlana karate rahe / candraguptakA mahatva tIna bAtoMkI dRSTise hai| pahalI bAta to yaha hai ki candraguptane Adarza aura anukaraNIya zAsana prabandhakI vyavasthA kii| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki usane apanI prajAmeM saccAI aura dhArmika bhAvoMkI unnati kii| tIsarI jo usake jIvanakI pramukha vizeSatA hai vaha yaha hai ki usane samrATke sukha bhoganeke pazcAt munipada grahaNa kiyA aura varSoM taka janasaMghakA netRtva kiyaa| isa sandarbhake dUsare mahAn vyakti samrATa aila khAravela haiM / ye cedivaMzake samrAT the aura aila inakA viruda thaa| solaha varSakI avasthAmeM inake pitA kA svargavAsa ho gayA thA aura 25 varSako avasthAmeM inakA rAjyAbhiSeka huaa| rAjA khAravelane kaliMgakI prAcIna rAjadhAnI tosali ko hI apanI rAjadhAnI banAyA thA aura usa samaya unakI prajAkI saMkhyA 35 lAkha thii| rAjyasiMhAsana para baiThate hI khAravelane rAjadhAnIkI marammata karAyI aura naye bhavana, parakoTA evaM nagara dvAra Adi banavAye / prajAke jala kaSTako dUra karaneke lie usane eka bar3e tAlAba kA jIrNoddhAra kraayaa| rAjyake dUsare varSameM usane digvijayake lie prayANa kiyA / yahA~ yaha dhyAtavya hai ki usake digvijayakA uddezya kevala parAkrama prakaTa karanA nahIM thA apitu dharmavRddhi karanA thaa| usane sarvaprathama pazcimIya bhArata para AkramaNa kiyA aura AndhravaMzI sAtavarNIko adhInastha kiyaa| usane muzika kSatriyoMkI rAjadhAnI para adhikAra kara liyA aura kAzyapa kSatriyoMko abhaya diyaa| isa digvijayake harSopalakSameM khAravelane tosalimeM khUba Anandotsava manAyA / tIsare varSameM usane prajAhitake anya kArya kiye / cauthe varSa meM khAravela punaH apanI senA lekara pazcima bhAratakA ora claa| abakI bAra usane rASTrika aura bhojika kSatriyoMse lohA liyA aura vijaya kA DaMkA bajAtA huA kaliMga 1. mauDagharesuM carimo jiNadikkhaM dharadi caMdagutto ya / __tatto mauDadharAdu pavvajjaM Nava geNhaMti / / 1481 // ti0 pa0, a 0 4 2. kathA saMkhyA 131 1. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, prathama bhAga, zravaNavelagola abhilekha, na0 1

Page #153
108 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna lauTa AyA / kaliMga pahuMcakara gvAravelane prajAhitake kaI kArya kiye usane "tanasutiya" nAmaka sthAnase eka nahara nikAlakara apanI rAjadhAnI ko harA-bharA banA diyaa| apane rAjyake chaThe varSameM usane dIna-duHkhI jIvoMko aneka prakArase sahAyatA kI aura paura evaM janapada saMsthAoMko agaNita adhikAra dekara prasanna kiyA, pazcAt dakSiNa bhAratake pANDya Adi dezoMke rAjAoMne svataH khAravelake lie bheMTa bhejakara maitrI sthApita kii| sAtakarNI bhI niste / isa prakAra kaliMgake Asa-pAsa pazcimI aura dakSiNI bhAratake logoM para khAravelane apanA prabhutva sthApita kiyaa| anantara khAravelane magadha para AkramaNa kiyA, para magadha taka na pahuMcakara gorathagiri taka apanA adhikAra sthApita kara kaliMga vApasa lauTa gyaa| khAravelake AkramaNakA samAcAra pAkara yUnAnakA samrAT damitriyasa paTaneke ghereko chor3akara pIche haTa gyaa| damitriyasane mathurA, paMcAla aura sAketa para adhikAra kara liyA thA / damitriyasake haTate hI khAravelane magadhakI rAjadhAnI paTanA para AkramaNa kiyA aura nandakAlake prasiddha rAjaprAsAda "susaMga" ko ghera liyaa| zuga nRpa puSyamitra isa samaya vRddha ho gaye the aura unakA putra vRhaspatimitra magadhakA prAntIya zAsaka thA / khAravelane use apane sammukha natamastaka hone ko bAdhya kiyaa| usane magadhake rAjakoSase bahumUlya ratnAdikake sAtha kaliMga jinakI vaha prasiddha mUrti bhI vApasa le lI, jise nandarAja kaliMgase le Aye the| khAravelane kaliMgameM aneka rAjabhavana deva mandira banavAkara vAstu vidyAkI unnati kii| dakSa zilpiyoMne unake liye paccIkArI aura nakkAzIke stambha banAkara lalita kalAko uttejanA dI thI / khAravelakA rASTrIya jIvana jisa prakAra unnata aura vizAla hai usI prakAra unakA dhArmika jIvana bhii| usane kumArI parvata para jaina RSi, muni aura paNDitagaNoMkA sammelana bulAyA aura jainAgamake punarutthAnakA prayAsa kiyaa| jaina saMghane use bhikSurAja aura khemarAja upAdhiyoMse vibhUSita kiyA / ____ antima avasthAmeM khAravela kumArI parvata para sthita arhat mandirameM pahuMca gaye aura bhakti bhAvanA evaM vrata upavAsa pUrvaka apane jIvanakA yApana karane lge| unhoMne muniyoMke lie guphAe~ evaM mandira banavAye / unake dvArA utkINita eka abhilekha' udayagiri parvatakI hAthI guphAmeM vidyamAna hai| isa abhilekha meM I0 170 pU0 varSa takakI ghaTanAeM aMkita haiN| khAravelane jainasaMgha aura janajIvanake lie aneka mahattvapUrNa kArya kiye unakA svargavAsa IsA pUrva 152 meM huaa| I0 san kI dvitIya zatAbdIse lekara pAMcavI-chaThI zatAbdI taka gaMgavaMzake rAjAoMne jaina zAsanakI unnati kii| gaMgavaMzakA sambandha ikSvAkuvaMzake sAtha thaa| I0 san kI dUsarI zatAbdIke lagabhaga isa vaMzake do rAjakumAra dakSiNa Aye / unake nAma daDiga ora mAdhava the| perUra nAmaka sthAnameM unakI bheMTa jainAcArya siMhanandise huii| siMhanandine una donoMko zAsana kAryakI zikSA dii| eka pASANa stambha sAmrAjya devIke pravezako roka rahA thaa| ataH siMhanandi kI AjJAse mAdhavane use kATa ddaalaa| AcArya siMhanandine unheM rAjyakA zAsaka banAte hue 1. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha dvitIya bhAga, abhilekha saMkhyA 2

Page #154
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti upadeza diyA-"yadi tuma apane vacana ko pUrA na karoge, yA jina zAsana ko sAhAyya na doge, dUsaroM kI striyoM kA yadi apaharaNa karoge, madya-mAMsa kA sevana karoge yA nIcoM kI saMgati meM rahoge, Avazyaka hone para bhI dUsaroM ko apanA dhana nahIM doge aura yadi yuddha ke maidAna meM pITha dikhAoge, to tumhArA vaMza naSTa ho jaaygaa|"" kallUraguDU ke isa abhilekha meM siMhanandi dvArA diye gaye rAjya kA vistAra bhI aMkita hai| daDiga ne rAjya prApta kara jaina dharma aura saMskRti ke lie aneka mahattvapUrNa kArya kiye| isane maMDali nAmaka pramukha sthAna para eka bhavya jinAlayakA nirmANa karAyA jo kASTha dvArA nirmita thA / zilpa kalA kI dRSTi se yaha adbhuta thA / abhilekhoM meM daDiga kA nAma koDguNi varmA bhI AtA hai| koguNi varmA yA daDiga ke pazcAt unakA putra laghumAdhava rAjA huA jisakA uttarAdhikArI usakA putra harivarmA thA / harivarmAne jaina zAsanakI unnatike lie aneka kArya kiye| isI vaMzameM rAjA taDagAla mAdhavakA uttarAdhikArI usakA putra avinIta huaa| nogA maMgala dAnapatrase jo usane apane rAjyake prathama varSa meM aMkita karAyA thA jJAta hotA hai usane apane parama guru arhat vijayakItike upadezase mUlasaMghake candranandi Adi dvArA pratiSThApita uraNUra jinAlayako vennelakaraNi gA~va aura perura evAniaDigal jinAlayako bAharI cuMgIkA eka cauthAI kArSApaNa diyaa| zrI lUIsa rAIsane isa tAmrapatrakA samaya 425 I0 nizcita kiyA hai| avinIta jaina dharmakA anuyAyI thA yaha bAta markarAse prApta tAmra patrase bhI sira hotI hai / avinIta kA putra duvinIta bhI jaina zAsanakA pracAraka thA yaha 1055-56 ke abhilekhase pramANita hai| zrI sAletorane likhA hai-"hama jAnate haiM ki duvinIta pakkA jaina pA usane kirAtArjunIya para saMskRta TIkA likhI thI aura guNADhyakI bRhat kathAkA saMskRtameM rUpAntara kiyA thaa| ataH yaha anumAna karanA anucita nahIM hogA ki usane apane guruke prati bhAdara bhAva pragaTa karaneke uddezyase pUjyapAdake zabdAvatArako kannar3ameM nibaddha kiyA ho aura isakA matalaba yaha hogA ki hameM pUjyapAdako duvinItakA samakAlIna arthAt 5 vIM zatAbdIke uttarArddha aura chaTThI zatAbdIke prArambhakA vidvAn mAnanA hogaa|"2 __duvinItane kogali nAmaka sthAna para "cenna pArzvavasti' nAmaka jinAlayakA nirmANa karAyA thaa| duvinItake putra muskara yA mokkara ne "mokkaravasati" nAmaka jinAlayaka nirmANa karAyA thaa| muskarake pazcAt zrI vikrama rAjA huA aura usake do putra hue bhU-vikrama aura zivamAra / zivamArane zrIcandrasenAcAryako jina mandirake lie eka gA~va pradAna kiyA thaa| sAletorakA abhimata hai ki ziSamArane prAcIna gaMga narezoMkI jaina paramparAko cAlU rakhA thaa| yaha prajAvatsala aura jaina dharmakA parama uddhAraka thaa| isake rAjyakAlameM jaina dharmakI paryApta unnati huii| 1. antu samasta rAjyasaM.."kiDugu kula kramam / jaina zilAlekha saMgraha dvitIya bhAga abhilekha saMkhyA 277, kallUraguDu kA lekha; pR0 413 2. miDIyevala jainejima, pR0 22-23 3. saMkSipta jaina itihAsa, bhAga 3, khaNDa 2, pR0 47 4. miDIyevala jainejima, pR0 24

Page #155
bhAratIya saMskRti vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna isa zrI puruSake putra zivamAra dvitIyane zravaNabelagolAkI choTI pahAr3Ipara eka vasati banavAyI thI / candranAtha svAmI vasatise prApta eka pattharapara kannar3a meM zivamArana vasati aMkita hai / isa zivamArakA choTA bhAI duggamAra ireyappa thaa| maisUra jileke heggar3e devana tAllukeke hebbala guppe AJjaneya mandirake nikaTase prApta abhilekha meM likhA hai ki zrI narasiMgere appara duggamArane sthAnIya jaina mandira ( koilavasadi) ko bhUmi pradAna kI / banAnevAle karmakAra nArAyaNakA bhI nAma likhA hai aura likhA hai ki tIna gA~voMke AdamiyoMne bhI utanI hI bhUmi pradAna kI, jitanI gaMga AJjaneya mandira ke zilAlekhakA samaya DaoN0 kRSNane 825 I0 nirdhArita kiyA hai / isa prakAra I0 san kI 8 vIM zatAbdIke kucha kAla bAda taka gaMga rAjAoM dvArA jaina dharmakA vikAsa hotA rahA / abhilekha meM vasatiko vasatike vyaya ke lie narezane pradAna kI / 110 gaMga rAjavaMza meM marulakA sautelA bhAI mArasiMha jaina zAsanakI prabhAvanA kI dRSTise ullekhanIya hai / isakA rAjyakAla I0 san 961- 974 I0 taka hai / vibhinna zilAlekhoM meM ise satyavAkya guNi varmA dharma mahArAjAdhirAja, gaMgacUr3AmaNi caladuttaraMga, mAMDalika trinetra, gaMga vidyAdhara, gaMga-kandarpa, gaMga-vajra ora gaMgasiMha Adi virUdoM dvArA ullikhita kiyA hai / ina virudoMse isakA yazasvI aura sammAnita honA vyakta hotA / isane mAlavA para AkramaNa kara siyaka paramArako parAjita kiyA / zravaNa velagolA ke kuge brahmadeva stambhapara utkIrNa abhilekhameM batAyA hai-- "ssamprati mArasiMha nRpativvikrAnta ka so yatra sthiti - sAhasonmada-mahAsAmantamattAdvipama / svAmini paTTa bandha mahimA nivvi mityurvvarAcakraM yasya parAkrama stuti paraiH vyAvarNayatyaMgakaiH // yenendra kSitivallabhasya jagatI - rAjyAbhiSekaH kRtaH / 12 arthAt usane kRSNa tRtIyake lie gurjara dezako vijita kiyA, kRSNa kevalI za allakA damana kiyA, vindhya pradeza ke kirAtoMko chinna-bhinna kiyA, mAnyakheTa meM cakravartIke kaTaka kI rakSA kI, zilAhAra bijjarase yuddha kiyA, banavAsIke rAjAoMko parAjita kiyA / mAturoMkA damana kiyA, uccagIke sudRr3ha durgako hastagata kiyA, zabara rAjakumAra naragakA nAza kiyA, cera, cola, pANDava aura pallavoMkA damana kiyA evaM cAlukya vijayAdityakA anta kiyA usake sainika kAryoM kA vivaraNa deneke pazcAt batAyA gayA hai ki usane jinendra devake siddhAntoMko niyojita kiyA thA aura aneka sthAnoMpara vasadiyoM aura mAnastambhoMkA nirmANa karAyA thA / lekha na0 149 ke anusAra usane pUla gire nAmaka sthAnameM eka jina mandira banavAyA jo usIke nAmapara gaMgakandarpa jinendra mandira kahalAtA thA / abhilekha saMkhyA - 38 meM batAyA hai ki mArasiMhane jaina dharmakA anupama udyota kiyA aura bhaktike aneka kArya karate hue mRtyuse 1. miDIyevala jeniyejima, pR0 25 / 2. gaMga cUr3AmaNi gaMga kandarpa gaMgavajra caladuttaraMga ''jagadekavIram -- jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, prathama bhAga, abhi0 38 pR0 20 / 3. vahI, pR0 18 - 19 /

Page #156
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 111 eka varSa pUrva usane rAjyakA parityAga kiyaa| aura udAsIna zrAvakake rUpameM jIvana vyatIta kiyA / antameM tIna dinake sallekhanA vrata dvArA baMkApurameM apane guru ajitasena bhaTTArakake caraNoMmeM samAdhimaraNa kiyaa| kuDalarake' dAnapatrameM batAyA hai ki vaha jina caraNa kamaloMkA madhukara pratidina abhiSeka dvArA samasta doSoMko prakSAlita karanevAlA guru bhakta, vyAkaraNa, tarka, darzana, sAhitya AdikA paNDita, paropakAra pravINa evaM guru bhakta thA / itanA hI nahIM mArasiMhane aneka jaina vidvAnoMkA bhI saMrakSaNa kiyA thA / vaha baukhika ratnoMkA bhaNDAra aura pratibhA rUpI motiyoMkI khAna thaa| thor3ese hI prayatna aura parizramase isane sabhI vidyAe~ prApta kara lI thiiN| vaha vyAkaraNakA paNDita tathA cArvAk, sAMkhya aura bauddha darzanoMke sAtha tarkazAstrakA bhI mahAn vidvAn thaa| jaina dharmameM to use bAdi dhaMgalakA pada prApta thA / 2 ___gaMgavaMzake rAjAoMke atirikta kadambavaMzake rAjAoMmeM kAkutstha varmAke pautra mRgeza varmAne pAMcavIM zatAbdImeM rAjya kiyaa| rAjyake tIsare varSa meM aMkita kiye gaye tAmrapatrase jJAta hotA hai ki isane abhiSeka, upalepana, pUjana, bhagna saMskAra (marammata) aura prabhAvanAke lie bhUmi dAnameM dI thii| isI rAjyake eka anya dAnapatrase isake dvArA kiye gaye zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM sampradAyoMke sAdhuoMke sammAnakA bhI nirdeza prApta hotA hai "atrapUrvamarhacchAlAparamapuSkalasthAnanivAsibhyaH bhagavadarhanmahAjinendradevatAbhya ekobhAgaH, dvitIyorhatproktasaddharmakaraNaparasya zvetapaTamahAzramaNasaMghopabhogAya, tRtIyo nirgranthamahAzramaNa saMghopabhogAyeti / atra devabhAga dhAnyadevapUjAbali carudevakarmakarabhagnakriyA pravartanAdyaryopabhogAya / " isI abhilekhase yaha bhI avagata hotA hai ki mRgeza varmA ubhayalokakI dRSTise priya aura hitakara thA tathA zAstroMke artha aura tattvajJAnake vivecanameM udAramati thaa| yaha naya vinayameM kuzala, buddhimAna, pratibhAzAlI, zUravIra evaM tyAgI thaa| eka anya tAmrapatrameM batAyA hai ki mRgezavarmAne apane rAjyake AThaveM varSa meM apane svargIya pitAkI smRti meM palAzikA nagarameM eka jinAlaya banAyA thA aura usakI vyavasthAke lie bhUmi dAnameM dI thii| yaha dAna usane yApanIyoM tathA kUrcaka sampradAyake nagna sAdhuoMke nimitta diyA thaa| isa dAnake mukhya gRhItA jaina guru dAnakoti aura senApati jayanta the| ___ mRgezavarmAke uttarAdhikArI rAjA ravivarmAne bhI apane pitAkA anusaraNa kiyaa| usake eka tAmraputrase avagata hotA hU~ ki usane jaina dharmake lie eka kAnUna banAyA thaa| abhilekha meM batAyA hai te kheH puNyArtha svapitummatti dattavAn purukheTakaM jinenpramahimA kArya pratisaMvarasaraMkramAt aSTAhakRtAmaryAdA kAttiyAntaddhanAgamAt vArSikAMzcaturomAsAn yApanI1. maisUra AryolaoNjikala riporTa, san 1921, pR0 22-23 / 2. kailAzacandrazAstrI, dakSiNa bhAratameM jainadharma, bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI, pR0 84 / 3. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, dvitIya bhAga, abhilekha saMkhyA 98, pR0 70 / 4, jaina zilAlekha saMgraha dvitIya bhAga, abhilekha saMkhyA 99, pR0 73

Page #157
112 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna yAstapasvinaH mu [jIrastu ] yathAnyAyyaM mahimAzeSavastukan [ ] kumAradattapramukhAhisUrayA anekAzAstrAgamakhinnabuddhayaH jagatyatItAssutatapodhanAnvitAH gaNosya teSAM bhavati pramANataH / / dharmepsumijjanipadessanAgaraH jinendrapUjA satataM praNeyA iti sthiti sthApitavAn khozaH palA [zikA] palAzikA rAjadhAnImeM rAjA ravivarmAne yaha niyama nirdhArita kiyA ki rAjA mRgeza varmAke dvArA dAmakIrtikI mAtAko diye gaye purakheTaka prAmakI Ayase prativarSa kArtikakI pUrNimA taka aSTAhnika mahotsava honA cAhie / vidvAnoM jinameM pramukha kumAradatta haiM, jinhoMne tapasyA kI hai aura jinakA sampradAya unake satkarmokA sAkSI hai, nyAyAnusAra samasta sammAnakA upabhoga kareM tathA janapadake vAsI aura nAgarika nara-nArIgaNa nirantara jinadevakI pUjA kiyA kreN| ravivarmAke samAna usake bhAI bhAnuvarmAne bhI jaina dharmakI unnati kI / eka dAnapatrameM batAyA hai ki usane pUrNamAsIke dina jinadevakA abhiSeka karaneke nimittase jainoMko bhUmidAna diyA thaa| yaha bhUmi palAzikAmeM thI aura use baNDarabhojakane svIkAra kiyA thaa| rAjA ravivarmAke putra harivarmAne apane rAjyakAlake caturtha varSameM eka dAnapatra pracalita kiyA thA jisase jJAta hotA hai ki usane apane cAcA zivarathake upadezase kUrcaka sampradAyake vAriSeNAcAryako vasanta vATaka grAma dAna meM diyA thaa| isa dAnakA uddezya palAzikAmeM bhAradvAja vaMzI senApati siMhake putra mRgezavarmA dvArA banavAye gaye jinAlayameM vArSika aSTAhnika pUjAke avasara para kRtAbhiSeka kiyA jAnA tathA usase jo dhana bace usake dvArA samasta sampra. dAyako bhojana karAnA Adi abhISTa thaa| isI rAjAne apane rAjyake pAMcaveM varSa meM sendrakavaMza ke rAjA bhAnuzaktiko prArthanAse dharmAtmA puruSoMke upayogake lie tathA eka mandirako pUjAke lie "marade" nAmaka gA~va dAnameM diyA thaa| yaha mandira kSamaNa sampradAyakA thA jise ahariSTI kahate haiM aura AcArya dharmanandi usake prabandhaka the| isa taraha kadamba vaMzake rAjAoMne jainadharmake abhyutthAnake lie aneka prayatna kiye / rASTrakUTa vaMzI govinda tRtIyakA putra amoghavarSa jaina-dharmakA mahAn unnAyaka, saMrakSaka aura AzrayadAtA huA hai| isakA samaya I0 san 814-878 I0 hai| jaba yaha siMhAsanapara AsIna huA taba isakI avasthA 9-10 varSakI hI thii| ataH usake cAcA indrakA putra karkarAja jo gurjara dezakA zAsaka thA, amoghavarNakA abhibhAvaka evaM saMrakSaka niyukta huaa| amoghavarSakI bAlyAvasthAkA lAbha uThAkara sAmrAjyameM aneka sthAnoMpara vidroha hue / gaMga pallavapANDya pUrvI cAlukya Adi adhInastha rAjA bhI viruddha ho gye| 817 I0 meM bogike vijayAditya dvitIya aura gaMgAvADike rAcamalla prathamake protsAhanameM sAmrAjyake dakSiNI bhAgoMke aneka sAmantoMne vidroha kiyA, kintu karkarAjako svAmibhakti, vIratA, buddhimattA evaM tatparatAke kAraNa ina saba vidrohoMkA damana huA aura I0 san 821 I0 taka sthiti zAnta ho gyii| 1. vahI, abhilekha saMkhyA 100, pR0 75 2. miDiyevala jainijma, pR0 33 tathA dakSiNa bhAratameM jainadharma, pR0 86 3, vahI, abhilekha saMkhyA 102, pR0 78

Page #158
113 jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti navIna rAjadhAnI mAnyakheTakA nirmANa govinda tRtIyane hI Arambha kara diyA thA, kintu use rAjadhAnIko pUrI taraha sthAnAntarita kara denekA samaya nahIM milA / amoghavarSa vayaska ho gayA thaa| ataH I0 san 821 meM gurjarAdhipa karkarAjane mAnyakheTameM hI amoghavarSakA vidhivat rAjyAbhiSeka kiyA / amoghavarSake pradhAna sAmanta karkarAja aura vIra senApati vaMkeyarasane sAmrAjyako svacakra aura paracakrake upadravoMse surakSita rakhanekA saphala prayatna kiyA / amoghavarSane rAjadhAnIko sundara prAsAdoM, sarovaroM, bhavanoM Adise alaMkRta kiyA / 830 I0meM beMgike cAlukyoMkA damana kiyA aura pANDayoMko parAjita kiyA / apanI putrI zaMkha kA vivAha pallava nandivarmana dvitIyake sAtha karake usane pallavoMko mitra bnaayaa| amoghavarNameM zAsakake samasta guNa vartamAna the| usane rAjyameM pUrNatayA zAnti sthApita karanekA prayAsa kiyaa| san 851 I0 meM araba saudAgara sulemAna bhArata AyA thaa| usane dIrghAyu balaharA nAmase amoghavarSakA varNana kiyA hai| isakA zAsana sucAru rUpase vyavasthita thaa| yaha vidvAnoM aura guNiyoMkA premI thaa| isakI sabhAmeM aneka vidvAn vidyamAna the / vIrasena svAmIke paTTaziSya AcArya jinasena svAmI usake rAjaguru aura dharmaguru the| guNabhadrAcArya kRta uttarapurANameM amoghavarSadvArA jinasenako maMgalarUpameM svIkAra kiye jAnekA nirdeza hai / ' jinasena racita pArvAbhyudayase bhI isakI puSTi hotI hai / jinasenake guru vIrasenane zaka saMvat 738meM jaba dhavalA TIkA samApta kI taba jagatuMga deva-govinda tRtIyane siMhAsana chor3a diyA thA aura boddaNarAya yA amoghavarSa rAjya karate the| amoghavarSane dIrgha Ayu prApta kI thI aura lagabhaga 63 varSoMtaka rAjya kiyA / zaka saMvat 792 ke tAmrapatrase avagata hotA hai ki inhoMne mAnyakheTameM jainAcArya devendrako dAna diyA thaa| yaha dAnapatra inake rAjyake 52 veM varSa kA hai / zaka saMvat 799 ke kanheroko guphAmeM prApta hue abhilekhase jJAta hotA hai ki inakA sAmanta kapardi thA / inhoMne isase kucha pahale hI apane putra akAlavarSa yA kRSNa dvitIyako rAjya kArya sauMpa diyA thaa| kahA jAtA hai ki ugrAdityane apane kalyANakAraka nAmaka vaidyaka granthakI racanA 800 I0 pUrva hI kara lI thI kintu amoghavarSake Agrahapara unhoMne usakI rAjasabhAmeM Akara aneka vaidyoM evaM vidvAnoMke samakSa madya-mAMsa niSedhakA vaijJAnika vivecana kiyA aura isa aitihAsika vivecanako hitAhita adhyAyake nAmase pariziSTa rUpameM apane granthameM sammilita kiyaa| prasiddha jaina gaNitAcArya mahAvIrAcAryane apanA suvidita "gaNita sArasaMgraha" isI samrATke AzrayameM likhA / yopanIya saMghake AcArya zAkaTAyana pAlyakotine apane suvikhyAta zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa evaM usakI amogha vRttikI racanA kii| amoghavarSane svayaM hI saMskRtameM praznottara ratnamAlA nAmaka grantha aura kannar3ameM kavirAjamArga nAmaka mahattvapUrNa chanda aura alaMkAra zAstra racA / aitihAsika vidvAnoMke matAnusAra amoghavarSako dharmAtmA, sadAcArI, udAra evaM zreSTha caritravAn batAyA gayA hai| yaha syAdvAda vidyAkA atyanta rasika thaa| 1. uttara purANa, prazasti, padya 9 2. dhavalA prazasti , padya 6-9 3. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, pR0 148-149 15

Page #159
114 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna mahAvIrAcAryane apane gaNitasAra saMgrahameM amoghavarSakI mahimAkA vistAra karate hue use syAdvAda siddhAntakA anugAmI kahA hai / ' DaoN0 bhANDArakarane likhA hai-"saurASTrakUTa rAjAoMmeM amoghavarSa jainadharmakA mahAn saMrakSaka thA aura yaha bAta satya pratIta hotI hai ki usane svayaM jainadharmako dhAraNa kiyA thaa| eka abhilekhameM batAyA hai ki Azvina mahInekI pUrNimAko sarvagrAsI candragrahaNake avasarapara zaka saMvat 782 bIta cukA thA / aura jagatuMgake uttarAdhikArI rAjA amoghavarSa prathama rAjya karate the| unhoMne apane adhInastha rAjakarmacArI vaMkeyakI mahattvapUrNa sevAke upalakSyameM kolunUrameM vaMkeya dvArA sthApita jina mandirake lie devendra muniko pUrA talepura gAMva aura dUsare grAmoMkI kucha jamIna dAnameM dI thii| ye devendra muni pustakagaccha dezIyagaNa mUla saMghake kAlya yogIzake ziSya the| yaha vaMkeya vahI hai jisake nAmase vaMkApura rAjadhAnI banAyI gayI thii| isI vaMkeyake putra sAmanta lokAdityake samayameM jaba amoghavarSakA putra kRSNa dvitIya rAjya karatA thA, guNabhadrAcAryakRta uttarapurANakI pUjA huI thii| konnUra abhilekha senApati vaMkeyakI prArthanApara utkIrNa karAyA gayA thA aura usane jina mandiroMke lie dAnameM bhUmi pradAna kI thii| isa samrATkI mAtA mahArAnI gAmuMDabbe, usakI paTTamahiSI umAdevI, putra kRSNarAya, putriyAM zaMkhadevI aura candrabelabbe, cacere bhAI karka Adi rAja parivArake sAtha sabhI vyakti jaina dharmAnuyAyI the| amoghavarSake samayameM jainadharmakI sarvAMgINa unnati huii| ajjanandi yA Aryanandine jainadharmake abhyutthAnake hetu tamila dezameM aneka mahattvapUrNa kArya kiye kiye haiM / isane uttara ArkATa jileke ballimalaikI aura madurA jileke annaimalai aivara malai, alagara malai, karugA lakkur3I aura uttama pAlyamkI caTTAnoMpara jaina mUrtiyoMkA nirmANa karAyA / dakSiNakI ora bar3hane para tinnevellI jileke dUrubar3I sthAnameM bhI jaina mUrtiyoMkA nirmANa kraayaa| ___ trAvaNakora rAjyake citarAla nAmaka sthAnake nikaTa tirucANaTu nAmakI pahAr3I hai| isapara caTTAna kATakara ukerI gayI AkRtiyoMko bahutAyata hai| ye saba mUrtiyA~ jaina tIrthaMkaroMkI haiM aura inake nIceke lekhameM likhA hai ki Aryanandine inakA nirmANa karAyA / Aryanandike sambandhameM upalabdha abhilekhoMke adhyayanase yaha avagata hotA hai ki unakA samaya 8vI-9vIM zatAbdI hai / Aryanandine tamila dezameM jainadharmake vikAsake hetu aneka mUrtiyA~ utkIrNa karAyoM, guphAoMkA nirmANa karAyA aura jainakalAke vikAsake lie pUrNa prayAsa kiyaa| hoyasala rAjavaMzake kaI rAjAoMne jainakalA aura jainadharmakI unnatike lie aneka kArya kiye haiN| aGgaDose prApta abhilekhameM vinayAditya poyasalake kAryoMkA jJAna prApta hotA 1. gaNitasAra saMgraha, saMjJAdhikAra, padya 3 2. jaina karnATaka ka0, pR0 32 3. dakSiNa bhAratameM jainadharma, bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI, prathama saMskaraNa, pR0 92 4. vahI, pRSTha 37

Page #160
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 115 hai | zravaNabelagola gaMdha vANAvastike abhilekhase vinayAdityake kAryoMkA parijJAna prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai / batAyA hai tato dvAravatInAthA poysalA dvIpilAJchanA / jAtAzzazapure teSu vinayAdityabhUpatiH // sa zrIvRddhikaraM jagajjanahitaM kRtvAdharAM pAlayan zvetacchatra sahasrapatrakamale lakSmIM ciraM vAsayan / dordaNDe ripukhaNDane kacature vIrazriyaM nATayan cikSepAkhiladikSu zikSitaripustejaH prazastodayaH // mandiroMkA nirmANa 1062 I0ke eka vinayAdityane mUla mattAvara meM sthita rAjA vinayAditya abhilekha se jJAta hotA hai ki vinayAdityane aneka sarovaroM aura karAyA thA / haMsana jileke bellUra hugalI ke antargata toDDuse prApta san truTita abhilekhameM batAyA hai ki uttarAyaNa saMkramaNake pavitra avasarapara saMghake jainAcArya abhayacandrako bhUmi dAna diyA / cikkamaMgalUra tAllukAke pArzvanAtha vasadise prApta san 1069 I0 ke abhilekha meM utkIrNita hai ki ttAvara Aye aura pahAr3apara sthita vasadike darzanArtha gaye / unhoMne logoMse pUchA ki apane gA~va meM mandira na banavA kara isa pahAr3Ipara kyoM banavAyA ? mANika seTTIne uttara diyA" hamaloga nirdhana haiM / ata Apase gA~vameM mandira banavAnekI prArthanA karate haiM, kyoMki ApakI lakSmIkA pArAvAra nahIM hai / mANika seTThIke isa uttarase rAjA bahuta prasanna huA aura usane mandira ke lie bhUmi lekara mandira banavA diyA aura usakI vyavasthAke lie nADalI grAmakI Aya pradAna kI / usane basadike pAsa meM kucha ghara banavAnekI bhI AjJA dI / gA~vakA nAma RSI hallI rakhA gayA aura bahutase kara mApha kara diye / vinayAditya cAlukyavaMzake vikramAditya SaSTha kA sAmanta thA / usake putra aura uttarAdhikArI ereyaMgako cAlukyoMkA dAhinA hAtha, yamakA avatAra aura mAlavarAjakI dhArA nagarIkA vidhvaMsaka kahA gayA hai / hale belagolase prApta eka abhilekha meM hoyasala nareza vinayAdityakI kIrtikA varNana AyA hai / sAtha hI kalvapyu parvatakI vastiyoM ke jIrNoddhAra tathA AhAradAna Adi ke lie apane guru mUlasaMgha dezIyagaNa kundakundAnvayake devendra saiddhAntika aura caturmukha devake ziSya gopanandi paNDita devako rAcanahallake dAna diye jAnekA ullekha hai / abhilekha meM batAyA hai ki vinayAditya cUr3AmaNi samyaktva cUr3AmaNi thA aura usane jainadharmake utthAnake lie jIrNoddhAra, mandira vyavasthA hetu grAmadAna Adi kArya kiye the / ereda manujaMge surabhUmiruhaM zaraNendavaMge kulizAgAraM / parabaniteganilataneyaM dhuradolpoNadaMgemirttu vinayAdityaM // X X X 1. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, prathama bhAga, abhilekha saMkhyA 56, pR0 124 2. miDIyebala jenijma, pR0 75 tathA dakSiNa bhAratameM jainadharma, pR0 106

Page #161
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna balidaDemaledaDe malapara tleyolbaalidduvnuditmyrsvsdi| baliyada maleyada malapara taleyolkaiyiDuvanoDane vinayAdityaM / ' hoyasala narezoMmeM viSNuvardhana bhI jaina zAsana kA prabhAvaka huA / usane jainaguru zrIpAla vidya devakA sanmAna kiyA, mandiroMkA jIrNoddhAra karAyA evaM vyavasthAke hetu dAna diyaa| bellUrake eka abhilekha meM malli jinAlayako bhI dAna denekA ullekha hai| isase isa bAtakI puSTi hotI hai ki san 1129 I0 meM bhI rAjA viSNuvardhana jaina dharmakA anuyAyI thaa| halebIDake nikaTa basti hallike pArzvanAtha jinAlayase prApta abhilekhase jJAta hotA hai ki viSNuvardhanane halevIDake pArzvanAtha caityAlayake lie dAna diyA thaa| aneka sAmantoMne bhI jainadharma ke abhyudaya ke lie mahattvapUrNa kArya kiye haiN| rASTrakUTa sAmanta lokAditya ne zaka 9vIM zatAbdImeM grantha nirmANa, mandira nirmANa evaM jIrNoddhAra Adike kAryoMmeM pUrNa yogadAna diyA hai / yaha baMkeyarasakA putra thA aura rASTrakUTa nareza kRSNa dvitIya akAlavarSake zAsanake antargata vanavAsa dezake baMkApurakA zAsaka thaa| isake saMrakSaNameM lokasenane guNabhadra kRta uttara purANake antameM prazasti likhI hai| prazasti ke 32 se 36veM takake padyameM kahA hai ki jaba akAlavarSake sAmanta lokAditya baMkApura rAjadhAnI ke sAre banavAsa dezakA zAsana karate the taba zaka saMvat 820 meM isa purANakI pUjA kI gyii| isase siddha hotA hai ki lokasena guNabhadrakA pramukha ziSya thA aura lokAdityane jainadharmakI vRddhi meM yogadAna diyA thA / dakSiNa bhAratameM jaina dharma ko sudRr3ha banAnemeM jinadatta rAyakA bhI hAtha hai / isane jinadevake abhiSekake lie kumbhasikepura gAMva pradAna kiyA thaa| tolA puruSa vikramazAntarane san 897 I0 meM kundakundAnvayake maunI siddhAnta bhaTTArakake lie vasatikA nirmANa karAyA thaa| aura use bAhubaliko bheMTa kara diyA thaa| bhujabala zAntarane apanI rAjadhAnI pombuccameM bhujabala zAntara jinAlayakA nirmANa karAyA thA aura apane guru kanakanandi devako harabari grAma pradAna kiyA thaa| usakA bhAI nanni zAntara bhI jina caraNoMkA pUjaka thA / vIra zAntara ke mantrI nagula rasane bhI ajitasena paNDita devake nAmapara eka basadikA zilAnyAsa karAyA thaa| yaha naI basadi rAjadhAnI pombuccameM paMca basadike sAmane banavAI gayI thii| bhujabala gaMga perammADi varmadeva (san 1115 I0) municandrakA ziSya thA aura usakA putra nanniya gaMga (san 1122 I0) prabhAcandra siddhAntakA ziSya thaa| zimogA jileke kallUra guDDameM siddha zvara mandirake pAsase prApta eka abhilekhameM bhujabala gaMga varmadevake dhArmika kRtyoM kA rocaka varNana diyA hai| usane eka basadikA nirmANa karAkara use kucha grAma pradAna kiye the| isa basadike sambandhameM batAyA hai-"yaha vahI basadi hai jisakI sthApanA gaMgavaMzake saMsthApaka daDiga aura mAdhavane kI thI tathA jise gaMgarAjAoMne barAbara bheMTeM pradAna kI thiiN| bhujabala gaMgake samayameM yaha basadi samasta basadiyoMmeM pradhAna mAnI jAtI thii| 1122 I0 meM usake putra nanniya gaMgane use pASANase nirmita karAyA aura bhUmi pradAna kii| nanniya gaMgane jaina dharmako atyunnatike 1. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, prathama bhAga, abhilekha saMkhyA 492, pR0 305 2. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, pR0 142

Page #162
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 197 lie 25 caityAlayoMkA nirmANa karAyA thaa| usake lagabhaga 50 varSa pazcAt san 1173 I0 meM hue zAntarako jinadevake caraNa kamaloMkA madhukara kahA hai / 11vIM zatAbdI meM koMgAlavoMne jaina dharmakI surakSA aura abhivRddhike lie aneka kArya kiye haiM / san 1058 meM rAjendra koMgAlavane apane pitAke dvArA nirmApita vastiko bhUmi pradAna kI thii| rAjendra koMgAlavakA guru mUlasaMgha kANUra gaNa aura tagarigala gacchakA gaNDa vimukta siddhAnta deva thaa| usake lie rAjendrane caityAlayakA bhI nirmANa karAyA thA aura use bhUmi pradAna kI thI / isa vaMza ke rAjAoMne satyavAkya jinAlayakA nirmANa karAyA thA aura usake lie prabhAcandra siddhAntako gA~va pradAna kiyA thA / ' san 1165 I0 ke do abhilekha nemozvara bastimeM prApta haiN| uname vijayAdityake rAjyakA aura senApati kAlanake dvArA usI varSameM usa basadi ko banavAnekA ullekha hai tathA yApanIya saMghake punnAga vRkSa mUla gaNakA aura jaina dharmake saMrakSaka raTTarAja kArtavIryakA bhI usameM ullekha hai| zilAlekhameM bastike nirmANa karanekA kAraNa bhI likhA hai / kAlana apane strI-putrAdike sAtha AnandapUrvaka jIvana vyatIta karatA thaa| eka dina use lagA ki dharma hI isa loka aura paralokameM kalyANakArI hai aura usane nemIzvara bastikA nirmANa karAkara usake nimittase apane guru kumArakIrti vidhake ziSya punnAga vRkSa mUla gaNake mahAmaNDalAcArya vijayakItiko bhUmi pradAna kii| usakI Ayase sAdhuoM aura dhArmikoMko bhojana tathA AvAsa diyA jAtA thaa| usakI kIrtiko sunakara raTTavaMzakA rAjA kArtavIrya use dekhane ke lie AyA aura usane mandirake jIrNoddhArake nimitta bhUmi pradAna kii| nAgara khaNDake sAmanta loka gAvuNDane san 1171 I0 meM eka jaina mandirakA nirmANa karAyA thA aura usakI aSTaprakArI pUjAke lie mUlasaMgha kANUra gaNa tintINIgacchake muni candradevake ziSya bhAnukIti siddhAntadevako bhUmi pradAna kI thii| 13vIM zatAbdIke antima caraNameM kucI rAjAkA nAma bhI ullekhanIya hai / yaha padmasena bhaTTArakakA ziSya thaa| isane apane guruke upadezase jinAlayakA nirmANa karAyA aura use bhUmi, dUkAna tathA udyAna pradAna kiye / yaha mandira mUlasaMgha senagaNake pogalagacchase sambaddha thaa| jaina dharmake saMrakSaka aura unnatikArakoMmeM vIramArtaNDa cAmuNDarAyakA nAma vizeSa ullekhanIya hai / isakA samaya I0 san kI 10vIM zatAbdI hai / cAmuNDarAyane apane purANa meM likhA hai ki uccaMgIke kilekI vijayake upalakSyameM mArasahane raNaraMgasiMhakI upAdhi dhAraNa kI thI aura cAmuNDarAyako vIramArtaNDakIjI upAdhise vibhUSita kiyA gayA thaa| vIratApUrNa kAryoM ke upalakSyameM rAyamalla caturthakI orase samara dhurandhara vairi-kula kAla-daNDa, bhuja-vikrama Adi upAdhiyA~ cAmuNDarAyako prApta huI thiiN| cAmuNDarAyakI zaktiniSThA aura dharma premake kAraNa use satya yudhiSThira guNa baMkAva, samyaktva ratnAkara, zaucAbharaNa, guNaratna bhUSaNa, kavijana zekhara jaisI upAdhiyA~ bhI prApta thiiN| cAmuNDa rAyake gurukA nAma ajitasena thaa| aura vaha nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartIkA bhI sneha bhAjana thA / nemIcandrane apane gommaTasArakI racanA cAmuNDarAyake uddezyase hI kI thii| cAmuNDarAya 1. dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma, pR0 113

Page #163
118 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAneM bar3A udAra dAnI thA / usane jaina dharmake lie jo kucha kiyA, isake kAraNa vaha bhAratake itihAsameM amara hai| zravaNa belagolameM gommaTezvarakI prasiddha mUrtiko sthApanA usIke dvArA huI hai / yaha mUrti 56 phITa U~cI hai / zravaNabelagolAkI choTI pahAr3I para bhI cAmuNDarAyane eka basadi banavAyI thI / usake putra jinadevaNNane bhI eka basadikA nirmANa karAyA thA / prasiddha kannar3a kavirannako bhI cAmuNDa rAyane Azraya diyA thA / cAmuNDarAya basatike maNDapameM jo abhilekha utkIrNa hai usase cAmuNDarAyake kAryoMpara prakAza par3atA hai| eka abhilekhameM cAmuNDarAyakA nirdeza karate hue batAyA hai yasmizcAmuNDarAja bhujabalinaminaM gummaTaM karmaThA bhaktyA zaktyA ca muktyejita- sura-nagare sthApayadbhadramadro / tadvatkAla trayotthojvala-tanu- jinabimbAni nAnyAni cAnyaH kailAse zIlazAlI tribhuvana - vilasatkIrti cakrIva cakre // viSNuvardhana ke senApati boppane bhI jainadharmake abhyutthAnake lie mahattvapUrNa kArya kiye haiM / boppa gaMgarAjakA jyeSTha putra thA / usakI patnI bhAnukIrti devakI ziSyA thI aura unakA putra aica bhI daNDAdhIza thA / usane zravaNabelagolameM mandiroMkA nirmANa karAyA aura belagolIke mUla sthAna gaMgezvarako bhUmi pradAna kI / san 1935 I0 meM usane sallekhanA pUrvaka maraNa kiyA / senApati hullane zravaNabelagolA meM caturviMzati jinAlayakA nirmANa karAyA / yaha nirmANa sambhavataH san 1959 I0 meM huA thA / jaba rAjA narasiMha dvitIya apanI vijaya yAtrAke lie udharase gayA to usane bar3e Adara ke sAtha gommaTadeva aura pArzvanAthakI mUrtiyoMke tathA jinAlaya ke darzana kiye aura jinAlayakI pUjAke lie sabaNeru grAma pradAna kiyA / 2 hullakI samyaktva cUr3AmaNi upAdhike AdhArapara jinAlayako bhavya cUr3AmaNi nAma pradAna kiyA aura hullane mahAmaNDalAcArya nayakIrti siddhAnta cakravartIko caturviMzati jinAlayakA AcArya banAyA jo sajaNerukI AyakA upayoga zravaNabelagolA sthAnake jinAlayoMkI marammata tathA pUjA AdimeM karate the / san 1975 I0 meM hullane rAjA ballAla dvitIyase sabaNeruke sAtha bekka aura kaggere nAmaka grAmoMko prApta kiyA tathA inheM ukta jinAlaya evaM gommaTadevakI pUjAke bhUmi lie pradAna kiyA / senApati hullane zravaNabelagolA ke samAna kellaMgere, baMkApura aura koppaNako bhI dAna diyA / kellaMgere eka prAcIna tIrthasthAna thA / isakI sthApanA gaMga rAjAoMne kI thI kintu samayake prabhAvase yaha khaNDahara ho gayA thA / ataeva hullane vahA~ eka sundara jaina mandirakA nirmANa karAyA / yahA~ usane tIrthaMkaroMke pA~ca kalyANakoMko bhAvanAse pA~ca vizAla vastiyA~ banavAyIM, hullake guru devakIrti devane kelaMgeremeM pratApapura vasti banavAyI thI / hullane use navIna 1. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, prathama bhAga abhilekha saM0 105, pR0 203, padya 45 2. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, prathama bhAga, abhilekha saM0 90

Page #164
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 119 rUpa diyA aura zravaNabelagolAse eka mIlakI dUrIpara sthita jinanAthapura grAmameM eka bhikSAgRha bnvaayaa| baMkApurameM usane jIrNa zIrNa mandirakA navanirmANa kraayaa| hullakA samasta samaya jinamandiroMke nirmANa, jinadevakI pUjA, jaina sAdhuoMko AhAradAna aura jaina zAstroMke zravaNameM hI vyatIta hotA thaa| narasiMhake senApati zAntiyaNNane eka basadikA nirmANa karAyA aura usakI vyavasthAke lie bhUmi pradAna kii| yaha vAsupUjya siddhAntadevake ziSya mallisena paNDitakA ziSya thA / rAjA narasiMhake Izvara camUpatine tumakura tAllukAke mandAra hilakI basadikA jorNoddhAra karAyA thaa| rAjA narasiMhake putra ballAla dvitIyake senApatiyoMmeM recimayya prasiddha hai / isakA vizeSa varNana zikArapura tAllukAke cikka mAgaDimeM vaMzabaNNa mandirake prAMgaNa meM eka stambhapara utkIrNa san 1982 I0 ke abhilekhameM AyA hai / batAyA hai ki eka bAra recimayya rAjA boppadeva aura zaMkara sAmantake sAtha mAgaDike jinezvarako pUjAke lie AyA / pUjana karaneke pazcAt recimayya daNDAdhIzane zaMkara sAmanta dvArA nirmApita usa jinamandirako dekhA aura bahuta prasanna huA tathA tIna pIr3hiyoMke lie talaba grAma isa mandirako pradAna kiyA / ' recimayyake kAryoMmeM sabase adhika sthAyI kArya Arasiya keremeM sahasra kUTa caityAlayakA nirmANa karAnA hai| isa caityAlayameM utkIrNa abhilekhameM batAyA hai ki jaba hoyasala nareza vIra ballAla deva rAjadhAnI dorasamudrameM rahate hue rAjya karate the, Arasiyakereke nivAsiyoMkI ratnatraya dharmameM dRr3hatA sunakara kalacurikulake sacivottama recimarasane ballAla devake caraNoMmeM Azraya pAkara ArasiyakeremeM sahasrakUTa jinAlayakI sthApanA kii| una bhagavAnkI aSTavidha pUjana, pujArI aura sevakoMko AjIvikA tathA mandirakI marammatake lie rAjA ballAlane handarahAla grAma prApta karake use apane vaMzake guru sAgaranandi siddhAntadevako sauMpa diyaa| isI abhilekhameM Age batAyA hai-rAca dvArA sthApita sahasrakUTa jinAlayake lie eka karor3a rupayA ikaTThAkara ArasiyakeremeM eka mandira banavAyA. isa jinAlayako samasta sAta karor3a logoMkI sahAyatA honese isakA nAma ella koTi jinAlaya rakhA gyaa| isa caityAlayake lie eka hajAra kuTumboMse jamIna kharIdI gayI aura rAjA ballAlane usa jamInako kara mukta kara diyA / ____ isa abhilekhase spaSTa hai ki recimayyane jainadharmake utthAnake hetu aneka mahattpapUrNa kArya kiye haiM / ballAla dvitIyake mantrI nAgadevane bhI zravaNa belagolAke pArzvanAtha devake sAmane eka raMgazAlA tathA pattharake cabUtarekA nirmANa karAyA thaa| isa prakAra dakSiNa bhAratameM aneka mahApuruSoMne mandira nirmANa, grAmadAna evaM tIrtha jIrNoddhAra dvArA jaina dharmakI sevA kI hai| jaina zAsanakI unnati karanevAloMmeM paramArhat kumArapAlakA nAma ullekhanIya hai / isa rAjAkA rAjyAbhiSeka vi0 saM0 1194 meM mArgazIrSa kRSNa caturdazIko sampanna huaa| isakA rAja-jIvana maurya samrATa azokake tulya hai| rAjyAsIna honepara jisa prakAra samrATa azokako 1. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, bhAga tIna, abhilekha saM0 400 tathA miDiyevala jainijma pR0 147-148 2. vahI abhilekha saM0.465 arasiyarekA saMskRta aura kannar3a mizrita abhilekha /

Page #165
120 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna anicchApUrvaka pratipakSI rAjAoMke sAtha yuddha karanA par3A usI prakAra kumArapAlako bhii| ATha daza varSake yuddhoparAnta jIvanake zeSa bhAgameM jisa prakAra azokane prajAkI naitika aura sAmAjika unnatike lie rAjAjJAe~ pracArita kI aura rAjyameM zAnti evaM suvyavasthA banAe rakhane kA yatna kiyA usI prakAra kumArapAlane bhii| kumArapAlane azokake samAna hI prajAko dhArmika aura naitika banAnekA zlAghanIya prayatna kiyA hai / niHsandeha kumArapAla apane antima jIvanameM zramaNopAsaka thaa| usane zrAvakake dvAdaza vratoMkA pUrNatayA AcaraNa kiyA hai| somaprabhAcArya aura yazapAlakI racanAoMse spaSTa avagata hotA hai ki kumArapAlane vi0 saM0 1216 meM hemacandrAcAryake pAsa sakala jana samakSa jainadharmakI gRhastha dIkSA dhAraNa kI thI aura nimnalikhita pratijJAeM grahaNa kI thIM 1. rAjya rakSAke nimitta yuddhake atirikta yAvajjIvana kisI prANIko hiMsA na krnaa| 2. AkheTa-zikAra na khelnaa| 3. madya-mAMsakA sevana nahIM karanA / 4. pratidina jina pratibhAkI pUjA-arcanA krnaa| 5. hemacandrAcAryakA pada-vandana karanA / 6. aSTamI aura caturdazIke dina sAmAyika aura proSadha Adi vizeSa vratoMkA pAlana krnaa| 7. rAtri-bhojana na karanA / 8. svadArasantoSa vrata dhAraNa karanA aura parastrIkA tyAga karanA / 9. vezyA sevana Adi vyasanoMkA tyAga karanA / 10. abhyAsake lie anazanAdi tapoMkA AcaraNa karanA / kumArapAlane prajA-hitake lie kaI niyamoMkA pracalana kiyA / usane nivaMzake dhanakA tyAga kara eka nayA Adarza upasthita kiyaa| prAcIna kAlako rAjanItike anusAra nivaMza puruSako sampatti usake maraneke bAda rAjAkI ho jAtI thI aura isa kAraNa marane vAlekI mAtA, strI Adi Azrita vyakti anAtha hokara bhaTakate the aura mRtyuse bhI adhika duHkha bhogate the| isa krUra rAjanItike kAraNa abalAeM jIvita rahanepara bhI mRtake samAna thiiN| hemacandrake dvayAzraya kAvyako sUcanAse yaha spaSTa hai ki kumArapAlane ukta prathAke doSako avagatakara ise kAnUnana banda karA diyA thA / mantrI yazapAlake nATakase bhI isa tathyakI puSTi hotI hai| zrAvakake vrata grahaNa karaneke pazcAt kumArapAlane apane rAjyameM jIva hiMsApara pratibandha lagA diyA thaa| kahA jAtA hai ki zAkambharIke cAhamAna rAjA aNorAja aura mAlavAke paramAra rAjA ballAla devako parAjita karaneke pazcAt eka dina kumArapAlane mArgameM kisI dIna daridra grAmINa manuSyako kucha bakare kasAIkhAnekI ora le jAte dekhaa| usase pUcha-tAcha kI aura vastusthitikA jJAna honepara unake mana meM bodhi-satvake samAna karuNAbhAva utpanna humaa| usane apane adhikAriyoMko AjJA dI ki mere rAjyameM koI bhI jIva hiMsA kare use cora aura

Page #166
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 121 vyabhicArIse bhI adhika kaThora daNDa diyA jAya ! isa prakAra bhojanake nimitta honevAlI jIva hiMsAko banda karA diyaa| kucha prabandha kAvyoMse jJAta hotA hai ki pATanakI adhiSThAtrI kaNThezvarI mAtAke rAjapujAriyoMne kumArapAlako pazubali karaneke hetu bAdhya karanA caahaa| unhoMne batAyA ki navarAtrimeM nagaradevIkI pazubali dvArA pUjA honI cAhie anyathA devI kupita ho jAyagI aura usake kopase rAjA evaM rAjyapara bhayAnaka ApattiyAM A jAyeMgI / kumArapAlane apane mahAmAtya vAgbhaTTase isa sambandhameM parAmarza kiyaa| vAgbhaTTane bhI devIke kopase bhayabhIta ho balidAna karanekI sammati dii| rAjAne vyAkula ho hemacandra sUrise isa sambandha meM parAmarza kiyA aura unakI sammatike anusAra balipUjAke avasarapara vaha thor3ese pazuoMko sAtha lekara mAtA kaNThezvarIke mandirameM pahuMcA aura pujAriyoMse kahane lagA ki maiM ye pazu mAtAko bali car3hAneke lie lAyA huuN| maiM inheM jIvita hI mAtAko arpita karatA huuN| yadi mAtAko inake mAMsakI AvazyakatA hogI to vaha svayaM hI inheM apanA bhakSya banA leNgii| itanA kahakara rAjAne mAtAke mandirameM pazuoMko banda kara diyaa| dUsare dina prAtaHkAla rAjaparivArake sAtha rAjA AyA aura sahasroM vyaktiyoMkI upasthiti meM usane mAtAke mandirakA daravAjA kholaa| sabhI pazu mAtAke mandirameM AnandapUrvaka jIvita mile / rAjA kumArapAlane sabhIko sambodhita karate hue kahA ki mAtA ko pazu mAMsakI tanika bhI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| yaha prathA to svArthI pujAriyoMne pracalita kI hai / devI devatA bali nahIM cAhate / isa prakAra rAjAne pazu balike nimitta honevAlI jIvahiMsAkA uccheda kiyA / kumArapAlane jIvahiMsA, madyapAna, dyUta sevana, vezyA vyasana Adiko apane rAjyameM banda kara diyaa| hemacandra dvArA racita kumArapAlacaritase usakI vyavasthita dinacaryAkA parijJAna hotA hai| yaha vidyApremI aura sAhitya-rasika thaa| hemacandra dvArA racita yogazAstra aura vItarAga stotrakA pratidina svAdhyAya karatA thA / AcArya hemacandrane "triSaSTizalAkA puruSa" caritakI racanA kumArapAlakI preraNAse hI kI hai / usane rAjya prAptike pazcAt saMdha sahita giranArakI yAtrA bhI kI thii| prabandhakAroMke anusAra kumArapAlakI rAjAjJA uttarameM turuska logoMke prAnta taka, pUrvameM gaMgA nadIke kinAre taka, dakSiNameM vindhyAcala taka aura pazcimameM samudra taka mAnI jAtI thii| yaha dharmavIra, dAnavIra aura yuddhavIra thaa| isane apane rAjyakAlameM jaina dharmakI sarvAGgINa unnati karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| jina zAsanakI unnati karane vAloMmeM vimala mantrI aura vastupAla evaM tejapAlake nAma ullekhya haiM / mAravAr3ake zrImAla nAmaka nagarameM prAgvATa jAtikA nInA nAmaka eka karor3apati seTThI nivAsa karatA thaa| yaha atyanta sadAcArI aura parama zrAvaka thaa| kAla prabhAvase dhana kSaya honepara yaha zrImAlako chor3akara gAMmu nAmaka sthAnapara AyA vahA~ punaH samRddhi prApta kii| nInAko lahara nAmaka vidvAn putra utpanna huA, jisane paryApta dhanArjana kiyaa| vi0 saM0 802 meM vanarAja cAvar3Ane aNahilapura pATana nAmaka nagara bsaayaa| isane nInA seTha evaM usake putralaharako bhI aNahilapura pATanameM bulA liyaa| laharako zUravIra samajha kara use apanI senAkA senApati niyata kiyaa| laharane bar3I yogyatAse senAkA saMcAlana kiyA jisase prasanna hokara panarAja cAvar3Ane usako saNDasthala nAmaka grAma bheTameM diyA / laharake vaMzameM vIrakA sAmanA

Page #167
122 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna aura ina vIrake do putra hue-ner3ha aura vimala / ner3ha aNahilapura pATanake rAjya siMhAsanAdhipati gurjara dezake caulukya mahArAja bhImadevakA mantrI thaa| vimala atyanta kAryadakSa, zravIra aura utsAhI thaa| isI kAraNa mahArAja bhImadevane usako senApati niyata kiyA / vimalane bhImadevakI AjJAke anusAra aneka saMgrAmoMmeM vijaya prApta kii| yahI kAraNa thA ki mahArAja bhImadeva usapara sadaiva prasanna rahate the| vimalane paramAra ghaMghuruko bar3I hI buddhimAnIse bhImadevakA anucara banAyA, jisase bhImadeva usapara aura bhI adhika prasanna ho gaye / vimalane apane uttarArdha jIvanameM candrAvatI aura acalagar3hako apanA nivAsa sthAna banAyA aura candrAvatImeM dharmaghoSa sUrikA cAturmAsa karAyA aura inake upadezase AbU parvatapara vimala basahi nAmaka mandira banavAyA / isa mandirakI bhUmike kharIdane meM apAra dhana vyaya huaa| vimala basahi apUrva zilpa kalAkA udAharaNa hai / yaha saMgamarmara pASANase banAyA gayA hai / gUDha maNDapa, nava caukiyAM, raMgamaNDapa tathA 52 jinAlayAdise suzobhita hai| mandirakI pratiSThA vimalane vardhamAna sUrike kara kamaloM dvArA vi0 saM0 1088 meM karAyI / vimala senApati atyanta dharmAtmA aura dharmapremI thA / usane AbU parvatapara kalApUrNa mandirakA nirmANa kara akSaya yaza prApta kiyA hai| jainadharmakA pracAra aura prasAra karane vAloMmeM vastupAla aura tejapAlakA nAma bhI Adarake sAtha liyA jAtA hai / vastupAla prAgvATavaMzI thA / isa vaMzameM caNDapa nAmakA prasiddha vIra huA jisake putrakA nAma caNDaprasAda thA / caNDaprasAdake putrakA nAma soma thA jo siddharAja jayasiMhakA sAmanta thA / somane jainadharma svIkAra kara liyA thaa| somakA putra azvarAja huA aura isa azvarAjake tIna putra hue-mAladeva, vastupAla aura tejapAla / vastupAlane yAtrA saMgha nikAlA thaa| isakI lalitA devI aura bejaladevI nAmakI do dharmapatniyAM thiiN| lalitA devIkI kukSise jayanta siMhakA janma huA jo pitAke samAna vIra aura pratibhAzAlI thA / mahAmAtya tejapAlakI bhI do patniyAM thIM-anupamadevI aura suhaDA devI / anupama devIkI kukSise mahApratApI, pratibhAzAlI aura udAra hRdaya lar3asiMha nAmakA putra utpanna huaa| yaha rAja-kAryameM bhI nipuNa thaa| yaha pitAke sAtha athavA akelA bhI yuddha, sandhi, vigrahAdi kAryomeM bhAga letA thaa| gujarAtakI rAjadhAnI aNahilapura pATanakA uttarAdhikAra bhImadeva dvitIyako prApta huaa| usa samaya gujarAta meM dholakAmeM mahAmaNDalezvara solaMkI arNorAjakA putra lavaNaprasAda rAjA thA aura usakA putra vIra dhavala yuvarAja / ye donoM bhImadevake mukhya sAmanta the / mahArAja bhImadeva ina para bahuta prasanna the| isa kAraNa unhoMne apanI rAjya sImAko bar3hAne aura samhAlanekA kArya lavaNaprasAdako sauMpA aura vIra dhavalako apanA yuvarAja bnaayaa| inhIM vIra dhavalake mantrI vastupAla aura tejapAla the| maMtrI vastupAla aura tejapAlane kaI yuddha kiye aura buddhibalase unameM vijaya prApta kii| ___ mahAmAtya vastupAla aura tejapAlane aneka tIrtha sthAnoMko yAtrA kI aura AbU parvatapara lUr3a basahi nAmaka kalApUrNa mandira banavAyA / vastupAlake laghubhrAtA tejapAlane apanI dharmapatnI anupama devI aura usake garbhase utpanna putra lavaNya siMhake kalyANake lie Abu parvatastha

Page #168
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 123 delavAr3A grAmameM vimala basahi mandirake pAsa hI uttama kArIgarI sahita saMgamarmarakA gUr3hamaNDapa, nava caukiyAM, raMgamaNDapa, bAlAnaka, khattaka, jagati evaM hastizAlAdikA nirmANa kraayaa| lUr3hasiMha basahi nAmaka bhavya mandira karor3oM rupaye vyaya kara taiyAra karAyA gayA hai / isa mandira aura dehariyoMkI pratiSThA vikrama saMvat 1287 se vi0 saM0 1293 taka hotI rahI hai / isa mandirakI nakkAzIkA kAma vimala basahi jaisA hI hai / mandirakI dIvAleM, dvAra, bArasAkha, stambha, maNDapa, toraNa aura chatake gumbaja AdimeM kevala phUla, jhAr3a, belabUTe aura jhUmara Adi vibhinna prakArakI vicitra vastuoMkI khudAI kI hai, balki gaja, azva, uSTra, vyAghra, siMha, matsya, pakSI, manuSya aura deva, deviyoMkI nAnA prakArakI mUrtiyA~ utkINita haiM / isa prakAra vastupAla tejapAlane mandirakA nirmANa karAkara apanA nAma amara kiyA hai| prabhAvanAke kArya karane vAloMmeM dharaNAzAhakA nAma bhI gaNanIya hai| isake pitAkA nAma kurapAla aura dAdAkA nAga sAMgaNa thA / mAtAkA nAma kamila yA karpUrade thA / ye do bhAI theratlA aura dhrnnaa| ye donoM bhAI dhArmika pravRttike the aura inakA nivAsa sthAna zirohIkA nadiyA grAma thaa| kAlAntarameM ye mAlavA cale gaye aura vahA~se mevAr3ameM kumbalagar3hake samIpa gAlagar3hameM A base / yahA~ inhoMne raNakapurakA jaina mandira banavAyA / inhoMne ajAhari sAlerA aura piNDavAr3AmeM kaI dhArmika kArya karAye / inake dhArmika kAryoMkA nirdeza vi0 saM0 1465 ke piNDavAr3Ake lekhameM aura vi0 saM0 1496 ke raNakapurake abhilekhameM pAyA jAtA hai / dharaNAzAhake bhAI ratnAke vaMzaja sAlimane vi0 saM0 1566 meM AbUmeM prasiddha caturmukha AdinAtha jinAlaya banavAyA thaa| isake atirikta delavAr3AkA picholiyA parivAra jinake vi0 saM0 1494 aura vi0 saM0 1503 ke abhilekha mile haiM, aneka mahattvapUrNa kArya kiye haiM / tIrthamAlA stavanameM--"meghavIsala kelhahema sabhIma niMbakaTukAyupAsakaiH" varNita hai, jo delavAr3Ake ullekhanIya zreSThi the| inameM kelhakA putra surA vi0 saM0 1489 meM jIvita thaa| niMbakA ullekha 'soma saubhAgya' kAvyake 8 veM sarga meM AyA hai| yaha saMghapati thA aura isane bhuvana sundarako sUripada dilAneke lie utsava karAyA thaa| megha aura vIsalane bhI jaina dharmake pracAra aura prasArameM yogadAna diyA hai| dharaNAzAha dvArA sthApita gor3avAr3ameM sAdar3IvAr3ake samIpa arAvalIkI chAyAmeM sthita raNakapurakA jaina mandira uttarI bhAratake zvetAmbara jaina mandiroMmeM apanA viziSTa sthAna rakhatA hai / isa mandirameM vi0 saM0 1496 kA eka abhilekha hai, jisameM dharaNAzAha aura unake pUrvajoMkA paricaya vistArapUrvaka diyA gayA hai / isa parivAra dvArA guNarAja zreSThike sAtha yAtrA aura piNDavAr3A sAlerA Adi sthAnoMmeM mandiroMkA jIrNoddhAra karAnA bhI varNita hai| mandira nirmANake sambandhameM batAyA hai ki eka bAra somasundara sUri bihAra karate hue raNakapura aaye| vahA~ zreSThi dharaNAzAhane bar3A svAgata kiyA tathA unake Adeza para hI raNakapurameM mandira banavAyA, jo ki vi0 saM0 1516 taka calatA rhaa| "soma saubhAgya kAvya" se jJAta hotA hai ki dharaNAzAhane isa mandirakI pratiSThAke samaya bar3A mahotsava sampanna kiyA thaa| aneka nagara mora grAmoMmeM kumakuma patrikAeM bhejI gyiiN| isa pratiSThAmeM 52 bar3e saMgha aura 552 sAdhu

Page #169
124 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna sammilita hue the| sArA mandira sajAyA gayA aura dakSiNa siMhadvAra ke bAhara AcArya somasUrike darzanArtha sahasroM loga ekatra hue| pUrvI siMhadvArake bAhara betADhaya girikA manohArI dRzya nirmita kiyA gayA thaa| isI mahotsavameM somadevako vAcakapada diyA gyaa| isa mandirake uttarI-pUrvI koNameM eka mUrti dharaNAzAhakI bhI hai| inake hAthameM mAlA, sirapara pAga aura galemeM uttarIya hai| jaina dharmake pracArakoMmeM rAmadeva navalakhAkA nAma bhI ullekhya hai / rAmadeva rANA khetAke samayameM mevAr3akA mukhyamaMtrI thaa| karer3Ake jaina mandirake vijJapti lekhameM isakA sundara varNana AyA hai| isake pitAkA nAma lAghu aura dAdAkA nAma lakSmIdhara thaa| isakI do patniyA~ thIM-melAde aura mAlhaNade / melAde se sahanapAlakA janma huA aura mAlhaNade se sAraMga kA / sahanapAla navalakhA bhI rANA mokala aura kumbhAke samayameM mukhyamantrI thaa| ise abhilekhoMmeM "rAjamantrI dhuradhaureyaH" likhA hai / Avazyaka bRhadvRtti meM bhI ATha putroMkA ullekha AyA hai / yathA-raNamala, raNadhIra, raNavIra, mAr3A, saMDA, raNabhrama, cauDA aura karmasiMha / isakI mA~ melAde vi0 saM0 1486 taka jIvita thI / usane jJAnahaMsagaNise "sandeha dolAvalI" nAmaka pustaka likhAI thii| prazastimeM isakI bar3I prazaMsA kI gayI hai| rAmadevakI ukta samaya taka mRtyu ho cukI thii| sAraMga aura usake putroMkA ullekha nAgadAke adbhutajI mUrti lekhameM hai / isameM usako "mAlhaNa kukSi sarojahaMsopama jinadharma karpUravAta sadyadhitukasAH sAraMga" likhA hai| isakI do paliyA~ thIM jinake nAma hImAde aura lakamAde the / rAmadeva navalakhAne aneka sAdhuoMko jJAna diyA thA aura tIrthoke jIrNoddhAra tathA mandira nirmANake lie sahasroM rupaye vyaya kiye the| vIsalaveSThikA nAma bhI gaNanIya hai / yaha iDarakA rahanevAlA thA aura isakA vivAha rAmadeva zreSThIkI putrI khImAse huA thA / yaha sahaNapAlakI sagI bahana thI-"zrIdharmotkaTamedapATava saciva, zrIrAmadevAMgaja melAdevi samudbhUta khImAderIti" ullekhase spaSTa hai ki khImAde kI mAMkA nAma mIlAdevI thaa| baMsalake pitAke nAma vaMza thA, jo iDarake rAjA raNamalhakA mantrI thaa| isake cAra putra the-govinda, vIsala, aMkurasiMha aura hIrA / 'soma saubhAgya kAvya'meM likhA hai ki vIsala atyanta dhArmikapuruSa thA / usake do putra the-dhIra aura campaka / isane delavAr3AmeM AcArya somasundara sUrise vizAlarAjako vAcakapada dilAneke hetu bar3A utsava kiyA thaa| isane kriyAratna samuccayakI daza pratiyAM likhvaayiiN| isakI prazastimeM ise 'strIvirata sudharma nirato bhakta' likhA hai| cittaur3a meM isane zreyAMsanAthakA eka bhavya mandira bhI banavAyA thaa| jisakI pratiSThA AcArya somasundara sUrine karAyI thii| isake putra campakane tirAnabe aMgulakI eka manoratha kalpadruma pArzvanAthakI pratimA pratiSThita karAyI thii| campakane eka bar3A utsava sampannakara jinakIrtiko sUripada dilAyA / bIsala zreSThi bar3A dharmAtmA aura dharma pracAraka thaa| 1. karer3A vijJapti lekha, vi0 saM0 1431 tathA sandeha dolAvalI vi0 saM0 1686 meM racita prazasti draSTavya hai| 2. piTarasanakI chaThI riporTa, pR0 17-18, padya 1-2, devakula pAThaka, pR0 7-8, soma saubhAgya kAvyakA sAtavA sarga tathA guruguNaratnAkara kAvya zloka 65 /

Page #170
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 125 jina zAsanako prabhAvanA karane vAloMmeM guNarAja zreSThikA nAma bhI prasiddha hai| yaha mevAr3a ke cittaur3akA rahanevAlA thA aura ahamadAbAdameM vyApAra karatA thaa| isakA pUrvaja bIsala bar3A prasiddha thA, jo cittaur3ameM rahatA thaa| isakA pautra dhanapAla vyApAra karaneke hetu ahamadAbAda gayA thaa| usakA vaMzaja zreSThi guNorAja huaa| usakA choTA bhAI ambaka thA, jo jaina sAdhu ho gayA thaa| isa parivArakA savistAra varNana vi0 saM0 1495 ke eka cittaur3a abhilekhameM AyA hai / guNarAjake 5 putra the-gaja, mahirAja, vAlhA, kAlu aura Izvara / bAlhAko rANA mokala bahuta mAnatA thaa| kAlU mevAr3a rAjyameM uccapada para niyukta thaa| guNarAja jaina saMgha kA prabhAvaka zreSThi thaa| isane saMgha nikAlA thaa| jisakA ullekha "soma saubhAgya kAvya" ke aSTama sarga meM AyA hai| kahA jAtA hai ki isa saMghameM raNakapura maMdira kA nirmAtA dharaNAzAha bhI zAmila thaa| isane gujarAta ke bAdazAha ahamadazAhase pharamAna prAptakara saMgha yAtrA kI thii| isake putra vAlhAne mokalase AjJA lekara cittaur3ameM mahAvIra jaina mandira banavAyA, jisakI pratiSThA vi0 saM0 1495 meM rANA kumbhAke samaya somasundara AcArya ne kI thI / guNarAja zreSThi aura usakA parivAra mandira banavAne, pratiSThA karavAne evaM jIrNa tIrthoddhAra karAneke kAryameM vizeSa prasiddha haiM / yAtrA saMgha nikAlakara isa parivArane jaina dharmakI apUrva sevA kI hai| isa prakAra I0 pUrva tIsarI zatIse I0 sankI 16 vIM zatAbdI taka jaina dharmakI unnati karanemeM rAjaparivAra, sAmanta parivAra, mantrI parivAra evaM zreSThaparivAra saMlagna rahA hai / jainadharmakI prabhAvikA nAriyAM mahAn puruSoMke samAna hI jainadharmakI unnati karane vAlI aneka ullekhanIya nAriyAM bhI huI haiM / prAcIna zilAlekhoM evaM vADmayake ullekhoMse avagata hotA hai ki jaina zrAvikAoM kA tatkAlIna samAja para paryApta prabhAva thaa| dharma sevikA nAriyoMne apanI udAratA evaM Atmotsarga dvArA jainadharmako paryApta sevA ko thii| zravaNa belagolAke abhilekhoMmeM aneka zrAvikAoM evaM AryikAoMkA ullekha hai, jinhoMne tana-mana-dhanase jaina dharmake lie prayatna kiyA hai| I0 pUrva chaThI zatAbdImeM jaina dharmakA abhyutthAna karanevAlI ikSvAkuvaMzIya mahArAja ceTakakI rAjJI bhadrA, candravaMzIya mahArAja zatAnIkakI dharmapatnI mRgAvatI, sUryavaMzI mahArAja dazarathako patnI suprabhA, udayana mahArAjakI patnI prabhAvatI, mahArAja prasenajitakI patnI mallikA evaM mahArAja dadhivAhanakI patnI abhayA bhI hai / ina deviyoMne apane tyAga evaM zauryake dvArA jainadharmakI vijaya patAkA phaharAyI thii| inhoMne apane dravyase aneka jinAlayoMkA nirmANa karAyA thA tathA unakI samucita vyavasthAke lie rAjyakI orase bhI sahAyatAkA prabandha kiyA gayA thaa| mahArAnI mallikA evaM abhayAke sambandhameM kahA jAtA hai ki ina deviyoMke prabhAvase hI prabhAvita hokara mahArAja prasenajita evaM dadhivAhana jaina dharmake dRr3ha zraddhAlu hue the / mahArAja prasenajitane zrAvastIke jainoMko jo sammAna pradAna kiyA thA, usakA bhI pradhAna kAraNa mahArAnI kI preraNA hI thii|

Page #171
126 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna ___ mahArAja yama udezake rAjA the| inhoMne sudharma svAmIse dIkSA lI thii| inhIMke sAtha mahArAnI dhanavatIne bhI zrAvikAke vrata grahaNa kiye the / dhanavatIne jaina dharmake prasArake lie kaI utsava kiye the / yaha parama zraddhAlu aura dharma pracArikA nArI thii| isake prabhAvase kevala isakA kuTumba ho jaina dharmAnuyAyI nahIM huA thA balki uDradezako samasta prajA jaina dharmAnuyAyinI bana gayI thii| samrAT ela khAravelakI patnI bhUsIsiMha yathA bar3I dharmAtmA huI hai / isane bhuvanezvarake pAsa khaNDagiri aura udayagiripara aneka guphAeM banavAyIM aura muniyoMkI sevA zuzrUSA kii| mathurA abhilekhoMse jJAta hotA hai ki amohinI', leNa zomikA', zivAmitrA' dharmaghoSA', kasuyakI dharmapatno sthirA', AryA jayA', jitAmitrA evaM AryA basulA Adine jaina dharmake utthAnake lie mandira nirmANa, mUrti pratiSThA, AyAga paTTa nirmANa Adi kArya sampanna kiye / yahA~ smaraNIya hai ki usa yugameM dharmArAdhanAkA sabase bar3A sAdhana mandiroM evaM mUttiyoMkA nirmANa, unakI pratiSThA karanA hI mAnA jAtA thaa| mathurAke eka saMskRta abhilekha meM okharikA aura ujjhatikA dvArA vardhamAna svAmIkI pratimA pratiSThita kiye jAne evaM jina mandirake nirmANa kiye jAnekA ullekha AyA hai / 9 I0 pUrvakI tIsarI-cauthI zatAbdIse lekara I0 san kI chaThI zatAbdIke itihAsameM gaMgavaMzako mahilAoMkI ullekhanIya sevAkA nirdeza prApta hotA hai / rAjAoMke sAtha gaMgavaMzakI rAniyoMne bho jaina dharmakI unnatike lie aneka upAya kiye / ye rAniyA~ mandiroMkI vyavasthA karatIM, naye mandira aura tAlAba banavAtI evaM dharma kAryoMke lie dAna kI vyavasthA karatI thiiN| usa rAjyake mUla saMsthApaka daDiga aura unakI bhAryA kampilAke dhArmika kAryoMke sambandhameM kahA gayA hai ki isa dampatine aneka jaina mandira banavAye the tathA mandiroMkI pUrNa vyavasthA kI thii| zravaNabelagolAke zaka saMvat 622 ke abhilekhoMmeM AdeyarenADameM citUrake maunI gurukI ziSyA nAgamatI, perumAlu gurukI ziSyA dhaNNa kuttAre viguravi, namilUra saMghakI prabhAvatI, mayUra saMghako adhyApikA danitAvato, isI saMghakI sondaryA AryA nAmakI AryikA evaM vratazIlAdi sampanna zazimati gotike samAdhi maraNa dhAraNa karanekA ullekha milatA hai| ina deviyoMne zrAvikAke vratoMkA pAlana kiyA thA / antima jIvana meM saMsArase virakta hokara kaTavapaparvatapara samAdhi grahaNa 1. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha dvitIya bhAga abhilekha saM0 5 / 2. vahI, zilAlekha saM08 / 3. vahI abhilekha saM0 9 / 4. vahI, abhilekha saM0 12 / 5. vahI abhilekha saM0 22 / 6. vahI abhilekha saM0 24 / 7. vahI abhilekha saM0 41 / 8. vahI abhilekha saM0 63 / 9. jaina zilAlekha saM0 dvitIya bhAga, abhilekha saM0 88

Page #172
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 127 kara lI thii| saundaryA AryikAke sambandhameM abhilekha 29 meM batAyA hai ki usane utsAhake sAtha AtmasaMyama sahita samAdhi vratakA pAlana kiyA aura sahaja hI anupama suralokakA mArga grahaNa kiyaa| isake anantara jainadharmake dhArmika vikAsake itihAsameM pallavAdhirAja maruvarmAkI putrI aura nirgunda dezake rAjA paramagulakI rAnI kandAkSikA nAma AtA hai| isane zrIpurameM lokatilaka jinAlaya banavAyA thaa| isa jinAlayakI suvyavasthAke lie zrIpura rAjAne apanI bhAryAko preraNA evaM paramagulakI prArthanAse nirgunda deza meM sthita punallI nAmaka grAma dAnameM diyA thaa| aitihAsika jaina dharmasevikA jaina mahilAoMmeM isa devIkA pramukha sthAna hai| isake sambandhameM batAyA jAtA hai ki yaha sadA puNya kAryoM meM Age rahatI thii| isane kaI utsava aura jAgaraNa bhI kiye the / isakA samaya I0 san kI 8 vIM zatAbdI hai / dasavIM zatAbdImeM rASTrakUTa nareza kRSNa tRtIyake rAjya kAlameM mahAsAmanta kalibiTTa rasa vanavAsa pradezake adhikArI the| san 911 I0 meM nagara khaNDake adhikArI sattarasa nAgArjunakA svargavAsa ho gyaa| unake sthAnapara unakI patnI jakkiyabbeko adhikArI niyukta kiyA gyaa| jakkiyabve zAsanameM sudakSa aura jaina zAsanakI bhakta thI / nArI honepara bhI usameM bahAdurIkI kamI nahIM thii| soletorane isa nArIke sambandhameM likhA hai-"This lady who was skilled in ability for good government faithful to the Jinendra Sasan and rejoicing in her beauty'." isI 10 vIM zatAbdImeM jaina itihAsameM smaraNIya atimabbe nAmaka mahilAkA janma huA hai| isa devIke pitAkA nAma senApati mallapya, patikA nAma nAgadeva aura putrakA nAma paDebala tela thaa| senApati mallapya pazcimI cAlukya zAsaka telapakA nAyaka thaa| atimabbe eka Adarza upAsikA thii| isane apane vyayase ponnakRta zAnti purANakI eka hajAra pratiyAM aura Der3ha hajAra sone evaM javAhirAtakI mUttiyA~ taiyAra karAyI thiiN| atimabbekA dharma sevikAoMmeM advitIya sthAna hai| 10 vIM zatAbdIke antima bhAgameM vIravara cAmuNDarAyakI mAtA kAlala devI eka bar3I dharma pracArikA huI hai| bhujabala caritamse jJAta hotA hai ki isa devIne gommaTa devakI prazaMsA sunI to pratijJA kI ki jabataka gommaTa devake darzana na karU~gI tabataka dUdha nahIM piiuuNgii| jaba cAmuNDarAyako apanI patnI ajitA devIke mukhase apanI mAtAkI yaha pratijJA jJAta huI to mAtRbhakta putrane mAtAko gommaTa devake darzana karAneke lie podanapurako ora prasthAna kiyaa| mArgameM usane zravaNabelagolAkI candragupti vasatike pArzvanAthake darzana kiye aura bhadrabAhuke caraNoMkI vandanA kii| isI rAtako padmAvatI devIne kAlala devIko svapna diyA ki kukkuTa sarpoke kAraNa podanapurakI vandanA sambhava nahIM hai, para tumhArI bhaktise prasanna hokara gommaTa deva tumheM yahIM bar3I pahAr3I para darzana deNge| darzana dene kA prakAra yaha hai ki tumhArA putra zuddha hokara isa choTI pahAr3I parase eka svarNa bANa chor3e to pASANa zilAoMke bhItarase gommaTa deva 1. meDivala jainijma, pR0 156

Page #173
128 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna prakaTa hoMge / prAtaHkAla honepara cAmuNDarAyane mAtAke AdezAnusAra nitya karmase nivRtta ho snAna pUjana kara choTI pahAr3IkI eka zilApara avasthita ho dakSiNa dizAkI ora muMha kara eka bANa chor3A jo vindhya girike mastaka parakI zilAmeM lagA / bANake lagate hI zilA khaNDake bhItarase gommaTa svAmIkA mastaka dRSTigocara huaa| anantara hIreke chenI aura motIkI hathaur3Ise zilAkhaNDako haTAkara gommaTa devakI pratimA nikAla lI gayI / isake pazcAt mAtAkI AjJAse vIravara cAmuNDa rAyane dugdhAbhiSeka kiyaa| isa paurANika ghaTanAmeM kucha tathya ho yA na ho, para itanA nirvivAda satya hai ki cAmuNDarAyane apanI mAtA kAlala devIkI AjJA aura preraNAse hI zravaNabelagolAmeM gommaTezvarakI mUtti sthApita karAyI thii| isa devIne jaina dharmake pracArake lie bhI kaI utsava kiye the| rAjakIya mahilAoMmeM jaina dharmake saMrakSaNameM kriyAtmaka yoga denevAlI pocabbarasI rAjendra kauMgAlavakI mAtA thii| isane san 1050 I0 meM eka basadikA nirmANa karAkara usakI vyavasthAke lie bhUmi pradAna kii| kadamba zAsaka kIrtidevakI bar3I rAnI mAlala devIne san 1077 I0 meM kuppaTUrameM padmanandi siddhAntadeva dvArA pArzvanAtha caityAlayakA nirmANa karAyA thaa| zAntaravaMzakI mahilA caTTaradevIkA nAma atyanta gauravake sAtha liyA jAtA hai| yaha rakkasa gaMgako pautrI aura pallava nareza kADuveTThIkI patnI thii| putra aura patikI mRtyu honepara apanI choTI bahanakI cAra santAnoMko apanA samajhA aura unake sAtha zAntaroMkI rAjadhAnI poMbuccapurameM jinAlayoMkA nirmANa karAyA / usane aneka mandira, basadiyA~, tAlAba, snAnagRha tathA guphAeM banavAyIM tathA AhAra, auSadha, zikSA evaM AvAsako vyavasthA kii| caTTala devIke guru zrIvijaya bhaTTAraka the / ye rakkasa gaMga aura nanna zAntarasake bhI guru the| san 1112 I0 meM gaMgavADIke rAjA bhujabala gaMgakI mahAdevI jaina matakI saMrakSikA thii| lekhameM use jinendra caraNoMkI bhramarI kahA hai| usake pati rAjA hemmakI dUsarI patnIkA nAma bAcala devI thaa| usane bannikaremeM eka sundara jinAlayakA nirmANa karAyA thaa| isa jinAlayake lie usake patine, gaMga mahAdevIne tathA pramukha adhikAriyoMne milakara budanagere gAMva, kucha anya bhUmi evaM dhana pradAna kiyA thA / zAntara rAjakumArI campAdevIkA nAma bhI prasiddha hai| yaha rAjA tailakI putrI tathA vikramAditya zAntarakI bar3I bahana thii| eka abhilekhake anusAra isakI aSTa prakArI pUjA, jinAbhiSeka evaM caturvidha bhaktimeM atyanta AsthA thii| isakI putrI vAcAla devI dUsarI atimambe thii| vaha pratidina sUrya nikalate hI jina bhagavAnkI pUjA kiyA karatI thii| donoM mAM beTI bAdina siMha ajitasena paNDita devakI ziSyAeM thiiN| jaina senApati gaMgarAjakI patnI lakSmImatIkA nAma bhI ullekhanIya hai / yaha zubhacandrakI ziSyA thii| isane zravaNabelagolAmeM eka jinAlayakA nirmANa karAyA thA aura usake patine isake lie dAna diyA thA / vastutaH lakSmImatI apane yugakI atyanta prabhAvazAlinI nArI thii| gaMgarAjake bar3e bhAIkI patnI akkaNabbe jaina dharmako saMrakSikAoMmeM gaNanIya hai| vaha senApati boppakI mAtA thii| zravaNabelagolA ke 43 veM abhilekhameM akkaNabbeko jaina dharmakA bar3A bhArI

Page #174
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 129 zraddhAlu batAyA hai| isane jina mUrti evaM tAlAba kA nirmANa karAyA thA / mandiroM aura mUrtiyoMkI pratiSThA karAne meM jakkiyavye evaM senApati sUryadaNDanAyakakI patnI dAvaNagere bhI prasiddha haiM / ina donoM nAriyoMne jaina zAsanakI prabhAvanAke hetu aneka kArya kiye haiM / gaMgavaMzake rAjA mArasiMhakI choTI bahanake guru mAghanandi the / isa mahilAne jahA~ jaina mandira nahIM the vahA~ jaina mandiroMkA nirmANa karAyA aura jahA~ jaina muniyoMko nivAsakA prabandha nahIM thA vahA~ nivAsa sthAna banavAye / hoyasala nareza viSNuvardhanakI rAnI zAntala devI prabhAvanAke lie prasiddha hai / isake guru prabhAcandra siddhAntadeva the / zAntala devIne jainadharmake lie jo kucha kArya kiye ve saba cirasthAyI haiM / usane zravaNabelagolAmeM san 1123 I0 meM jinendrakI mUrtikI sthApanA kI aura savati gaMdhavAraNa basadikA nirmANa karAyA tathA rAjA viSNuvardhanakI AjJAse prabandhAdike lie moTTenavile gA~va pradAna liyA / zravaNabelagolAke eka abhilekhameM zAntala devIke dAnakA smA varNita hai / kahA jAtA hai ki viSNuvardhanakI paTarAnI zAntala devIne jo pAtivrata dharma parAyaNatA aura bhaktimeM rukmiNI, satyabhAmA aura sItAke samAna thI, savati gaMdhavAraNa basadi kA nirmANa karAkara abhiSekake lie eka tAlAba banavAyA aura usake sAtha eka grAma dAna diyA / san 1939 I0 meM isane sallekhanApUrvaka maraNa kiyA / " rAjA viSNuvardhanakI putrI hariyabbarasi jaina dharmakI bhakta thI / san 1129 I0 meM hanniyUrameM eka uttuMga jinAlayakA nirmANa karAyA aura usakI marammata Adi ke lie bhUmi pradAna kI / zravaNabelagolAke 124veM abhilekha se jJAta hotA hai ki candramauli mantrIkI patnI Acala devIne zravaNabelagolA meM eka jinamandirakA nirmANa karAyA thA, use candramaulikI prArthanAse hoyasala nareza vIra ballAlane bammeyana halli nAmaka grAma pradAna kiyA thA / jaina mahilAoM ke itihAsameM nAgale bhI ullekha yogya viduSI aura dharma sevikA mahilA hai / isake putrakA nAma bUcarAja yA bUcar3a milatA hai / yaha apanI mAtAke snehamaya upadezake kAraNa zaka saMvat 1037 meM vaizAkha zuklA dazamI ravivArako sarvaparigrahakA tyAgakara svargavAsI huA / isakI dharmAtmA putrI dematI yA devamatI thI / yaha AhAra, auSadhi, jJAna aura abhaya ina cAroM prakAroMke dAnoMko karatI thI / isane zaka saM0 1042, phAlgula kRSNa ekAdazI guruvArako saMnyAsa vidhise zarIra tyAga kiyA thA / dakSiNa bhArata ke atirikta uttara bhAratameM bhI kaI jaina mahilAoMne jaina dharmakI prabhAvanA kI hai / suprasiddha kavi AzAdharajIkI patnI padmAvatIne bulaDAnA jileke mehaMkara (meghaMkara) nAmaka grAmake bAlAjI mandira meM jaina mUrtiyoMkI pratiSThA karAI thI / yaha eka khaNDita mUrtike lekhase siddha hotA hai / rAjapUtAne kI jaina mahilAoMmeM pIrabAr3avaMzI tejapAlakI bhAryA sohaDA devI, zIzodiyA vaMza kI rAnI jayatalladevI evaM jaina rAjA AzA zAhakI mAtAkA nAma vizeSa ullekha yogya hai / 1. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha prathama bhAga, abhilekha saM0 53 aura 56 / 17

Page #175
bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna cauhAna vaMzakI rAniyoMne bhI usa vaMzake rAjAoMke samAna hI jaina dharmakI sevA kI hai / isa vaMzakA zAsana vi0 saM0 kI terahavIM zatAbdI meM thA / rAjA kIrtipAlakI patnI mahibala devIkA nAma prasiddha hai / isa devIne zAntinAtha bhagavAnkA utsava manAneke lie bhUmidAna kI thI / isane dharma prabhAvanAke lie kaI utsava bhI kie the / 130 isI vaMzameM hone vAle pRthvIrAja dvitIya aura somezvarane apanI mahArAniyoMkI preraNAse bijauliyAke mandirako dAnameM diyA thA tathA mandirake sthAyI prabandhake lie rAjyakI orase vArSika candA bhI diyA jAtA thA / paramAra vaMzameM ullekha yogya dhArAvaMzakI patnIzrRMgAradevI huI hai / isa devIne jhAlonI ke zAntinAtha mandira ke lie paryApta dAna diyA thA tathA dharma prasArake lie aura bhI aneka kArya kiye the / isa prakAra jaina dharmake vikAsa meM puruSoMke samAna jaina nAriyoMne bhI yogadAna diyA hai /

Page #176
jainadharma kA mahAn pracAraka-samrATa samprati maurya rAjAoMmeM samrATa candragupta aura samprati donoM hI jainadharmake mahAn pracAraka hue haiN| bauddha dharmake pracArameM jo sthAna azokako prApta hai, jainadharma ke pracAra aura prasArameM vahI sthAna sampratikA hai / sampratikI jIvana gAthAke sambandhameM hemacandrane apane pariziSTa parvameM likhA hai ki bindusArakI mRtyu ke pazcAt azoka rAjyAsIna huaa| azokake lADile putrakA nAma kuNAla thaa| samrATa azokako sarvadA yaha cintA banI rahatI thI ki kahIM aisA na ho ki vimAtA tiSyarakSitA kumAra kuNAlake jIvanako khataremeM DAla de tathA vaha apane SaDyantra dvArA apane putrako rAjyAdhikArI na banA de| ataH azokane kuNAlako ujjayinImeM apane bhAIke saMrakSaNameM rakhA / jaba kuNAla ATha varSakA ho gayA to rakSaka puruSoMne rAjA azokako sucamA mA dI ki kumAra aba vidyAdhyayana karane ke yogya ho gayA hai| samrATa azoka isa samAcArako sunakara bahuta prasanna huA aura apane hAthase kumArako vidyAdhyayana karAnekA Adeza sUcaka patra likhaa| patra samApta karaneke pazcAt sIlamuhara karanese pahale hI azoka kisI Avazyaka kAryase bAhara calA gyaa| idhara rAnI tiSyarakSitA vahA~ A paha~cI aura usane usa patrako pddh'aa| par3hakara apane manovAMchita kAryako pUrA karaneke lie "kumAro adhIyau" ke sthAna para apanI A~khake kAjalase eka anusvAra bar3hAkara 'kumAro aMdhIyau' banA diyA / Avazyaka kAryase lauTakara azokane patra binA hI par3he banda kara dUta (patravAhaka) ko de diyaa| ujjayinImeM patravAhakane jaba patra diyA aura use kholakara par3hA gayA to vahA~ zoka chA gyaa| kumAra kuNAlake abhibhAvaka mahArAja azokake bhAIne tatkAla samajha liyA ki yaha rAjakIya vivAdakA pariNAma hai| parantu pitR-bhakta kuNAlane vicAra kiyA ki pitAne mujhe andhA honeke lie likhA hai, yadi maiM pitAkI AjJAkA pAlana nahIM karatA hU~ to mujhase bar3A mauryavaMzameM pAtakI kauna hogaa| ataH usane AgameM garmakara lohekI salAiyoMse apanI donoM A~kheM phor3a DAlIM aura vaha svayaM sadAke lie andhA bana gyaa| patravAhakake vApasa Ane para isa duHkhada samAcArane pATalIputrameM tahalakA macA diyaa| samrATa azoka bhI priya putrake andhe ho jAnese bahuta dukhI huA tathA apane pramAda para use bahuta pazcAttApa huaa| ___ andhA ho jAnese kuNAlakA rAjya-gaddI para adhikAra na rhaa| azokane use jIvikA sampanna karaneke lie ujjayinIke Asa-pAsake kucha gA~va de diye / kuNAlako kucha dinake pazcAt sarvalakSaNa sampanna eka putra utpanna huaa| putrotpattikA samAcAra sunakara kuNAlako bahuta prasannatA huI aura usane apanI sautelI mAtAse badalA lenetrA vicAra kiyaa| kuNAla saMgIta vidyAmeM bahuta nipuNa thA, usake saMgItakI madhura lahara jar3a-cetana sabhIko Anandavibhora karatI thii| ataeva vaha pATalIputrameM gayA aura vahA~ saMgIta dvArA sAre nagarako apane adhIna kara liyaa| andhe gAyakakI prazaMsA rAjamahaloM taka pahu~cI, rAjA azokane bhI pardekI oTase gAnA sunA / kuNAlane madhura kaMThase amRta ur3elate hue kahA

Page #177
132 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna prapautrazcandraguptasya bindusArasya naptRkaH / eSo'zokazriyaH sUnurandho yAcati kAkaNim // isa zlokako sunakara azokako bar3A Azcarya huA aura pardekI oTase nikalakara andhe gAyakakA pUrA paricaya puuchaa| jaba rAjAko kuNAlakA pUrA vRttAnta avagata ho gayA to usane kahA / putra ! kyA cAhatA hai ? jo mA~gegA. duuNgaa| kuNAla-pitAjI ! maiM eka kAkinI cAhatA huuN| maMtrIne rAjAko samajhAyA ki rAjaputra kAkinIse rAjyakI yAcanA karate haiM / azokane punaH kuNAlase kahA ki andhe hokara tuma rAjyase kyA karoge ? andheko rAja-gaddI kaise dI jA sakatI hai ? kuNAla-pitAjI ! ApakI kRpAse mere putra utpanna huA hai, Apa usIkA rAjyAbhiSeka kiijiye| ___ azoka-tumhAre putra kaba huA hai ? kuNAla hAtha jor3akara kahane lagA-samprati arthAt abhii| yaha sunakara azokane bAlakako dhUmadhAmake sAtha pATalIputrameM bulavAyA aura usakA janmotsava manAyA / bAlakakA nAma kuNAlake uccAraNapara samprati hI rakha diyaa| sampratikA janma I0pUrva0 304 pauSamAsa-janavarImeM huA thaa| magadhameM lAye jAnepara isakI avasthA 10 dinakI thii| sampratikA rAjyAbhiSeka I0 pU0 289 meM 15 varSako avasthAmeM akSayatRtIyAke dina huA thaa| aitihAsika matabheda viSNupurANameM azokakA uttarAdhikArI suyaza ko batAyA hai| rAjataraMgiNIke anusAra kAzmIra prAMtapara azokakA putra vIrasena gAndhArakA zAsaka thaa| viSNupurANa aura matsyapurANameM azokakA potA dazaratha batAyA gayA hai| dazarathakA nAgArjuna pahAr3I (gayAke pAsa) kI guphA meM eka dAnasUcaka abhilekha milA hai, jisakI lipike AdhArapara vinseNTasmithakA anumAna hai ki yahI azokake rAjyakA uttarAdhikArI thaa| jaikobIne sampratiko kalpita batAyA hai athavA inakA anumAna hai ki pUrvIya rAjyakA dazaratha uttarAdhikArI thA aura pazcimIya rAjyakA samprati rahA hogaa| vAyupurANameM kuNAlakA putra bandhupAlita aura usakA uttarAdhikArI indrapAlita batAyA gayA hai| jAyasavAla yaha niSkarSa nikAlate haiM ki bandhupAlita aura indrapAlita kramazaH dazaratha aura sampratike upanAma the tathA samprati dazarathakA choTA bhAI aura uttarAdhikArI thaa| tArAnAtha kuNAlake putrakA nAma vigatAzoka batalAte haiM, saMbhavataH yaha sampratikA upanAma ho| azokake zilAlekhoMke AdhAra para sampratikA upanAma priyadarzin bhI batAyA gayA hai / zrI giranArajIkI talahaTImeM sudarzana nAmakA tAlAba hai, usake punaruddhAra sambandhI zilAlekhakA 1. bhAratIya itihAsakI rUparekhA, pR0 615 / 2. arlI hisTrI oNpha iNDiyA, pR0 192 / 3. prAcIna bhArata, pR0 218 tathA prAcIna rAjavaMza dvitIya bhAga, pR0 134 / 4. bhAratIya itihAsakI rUparekhA, pR0 616 /

Page #178
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 133 pITarsana sAhabane anuvAda karate hue kahA hai ki isa tAlAbako prathama samrAT candraguptake samayameM viSNuguptane banavAyA thaa| isake pazcAt isake cAroM orakI dIvAleM samrATa azokake samayameM tupas nAmaka sattAdhArIne pahalI bAra sudharavAyI thiiN| tatpazcAt dUsarI bAra punaruddhAra priyadazinke samayameM huaa| isa kathanameM candragupta, azoka aura priyadarzin ina tIna zAsakoMke nAma Aye haiM / pITarsana sAhabane priyadarzin urpha sampratike sambandhameM zilAlekhase niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki "usa rAjavaMzI puruSakI janmakAlase lekara uttarottara apratihata samRddhi nirantara bar3hatI ho calI gyo"| aitihAtika pramANa (1) pro0 rA0 go0 bhANDArakara kA kathana hai ki rAjA sampratiko kevala 10 dinakI avasthAmeM gaddIpara baiThAyA gayA thaa| (2) magadhake siMhAsanapara zreNikake pazcAt satrahavAM rAjA samprati huaa| usakA zAsana kAla vI0 ni0 saM0 238 (I0 pU0 289) se prArambha huA, jaba samrATa azokake zAsanakA anta ho rahA thaa| (3) karnala TaoNDa sAhaba sampratikA zAsana kAla I0 pU0 303-304 meM Arambha huA batAte haiM tathA unakA kahanA hai ki dasa mahInekI avasthAmeM yaha gaddIpara baiThAyA gayA thA aura 15 varSako avasthAmeM I0 pU0 290-289 meM isakA rAjyAbhiSeka huA thaa| (4) tibbata dezake granthoMmeM likhA gayA hai ki samprati5 bAdazAha ma0 saM0 235 meM siMhAsanAsIna huA thaa| (5) pro0 pizala sAhaba kI dRr3ha sammati hai ki rUpanAtha, sAsArAma aura vairATake zilAlekha bhI sampratike hI khudavAye haiN| isa abhiprAyase pro0 rojaDevisa sAhaba bhI sahamata haiM / (6) divyadAna ke pRSTha 430 meM spaSTa likhA huA hai ki samprati kuNAlakA putra thA / isa lekha meM yaha bhI batAyA gayA hai ki azokake bAda rAjagaddIpara AsIna honevAlA priyadarzin hI samprati hai| yaha jainadharmAnuyAyI thaa| isake anusAra sampratikA putra bRhaspati, bRhaspatikA putra vRSasena tathA vRSasenakA puNyadharmA thaa| 1. bhAvanagarake zilAlekha saMskRta aura prAkRta 10 20 / 2. bhANDArakara sAhabakI riporTa IV, san 1883-84 pR0 135 / 3. iMDiyana aiMTiberI pu0 11 pR0 246 / 4. TaoNDa rAjasthAna, dvitIya AvRtti / 5. iNDiyana aiMTikverI pu0 32 pR0 230 / 6. iNDiyana aiMTikverI pu0 6 pR0 149 / 7. rAdhAkumuda mukurjI, azoka pR0 8, iNDiyana enTI0 1914 pR0 168 phuTa no0 67 /

Page #179
134 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna (7) samprati' ke samayameM jainadharmakI buniyAda tamila bhAratake naye rAjyoMmeM bhI jA jamI, isameM sandeha nahIM / uttara pacchimake anArya dezoMmeM bhI sampratike samaya jaina pracAraka bheje gaye aura vahA~ jaina sAdhuoMke lie aneka vihAra sthApita kiye gye| (8) bauddha sAhitya aura jaina sAhityako kathAoMse siddha hotA hai ki samprati jainadharma kA anuyAyI prabhAvaka zAsaka thA / isane apane rAjyakA khUba vistAra kiyA thaa| (9) kalpasUtra kI TIkAmeM batAyA gayA hai ki sampratiko ratha yAtrAke samaya Arya suhastike darzanase jAti smaraNa ho gayA thA; jisase usane jaina dharmake prasArake lie savA karor3a jinAlaya bnvaaye| (10) smitha sAhabane batAyA hai ki samprati prAcIna bhAratameM bar3A prabhAvaka zAsaka huA hai| isane azokane jisa prakAra bauddhadharmakA pracAra kiyA thA, usI prakAra jainadharmakA pracAra kiyaa| dharma pracArake kAryoMkI dRSTise candraguptase bhI bar3hakara isakA sthAna hai / (11) tIna' khaNDoMke svAmI parama pratApI kuNAlakA putra mahArAja samprati huaa| yaha arhanta bhagavAnkA bhakta thA, isane anArya dezoMmeM bhI jainadharmake pracArakoMko bhejA thA tathA jaina muniyoMke lie bihAra banavAye the / Arya suhastise isane jinadIkSA lI thii| jIvana gAthA samprati ne apane bAhubalase aneka deza-dezAntaroMko jItakara AdhIna kara liyA thaa| digvijayake pazcAt yaha eka dina apane ujjayinIke mahalake vAtAyanameM baiThA huA thA / itane meM arhanta bhagavAnkI rathayAtrAkA julUsa nikalA, rathake UparI bhAgapara AryamahAgiri aura Arya 1. bhAratIya itihAsakI rUparekhA pR0 616 / 2. Both the Buddhist and Jain traditions about Samprati have been referred to us....Cf. Ray Chaudhuri, op. cip. p. 220. 3. samprati""pitAmahadattarAjyo rathayAtrApravRtta zrIAryasuhastidarzanAjjAta jAtismRtiH....." jinAlayasapAdakoTi""akarot-kalpasUtra sukhabodha TIkA sUtra 6 pR0 163 / 8. Almost all ancient Jain temples or monuments of unknown origin are ascribed by rhe popular voice to Samprati, who is in fact regarded as a Jaina Asoka"-Smith Early history of India p. 202. 5. tadvaMze tu bindusAro'zokazrIkuNAlasUnustrikhaNDa bharatAdhipaH paramArhato anAryadezeSvapi pravartitazramaNavihAraH sampratimahArAjazcAbhavat / -vividhatIrthakalpe pATalIputranagarakalpaH pR0 69 / 6. pariziSTa parva dUsarA bhAga pR0 115-124 / 7. zvetAmbara Agama meM Arya mahAgiriko digambara batAyA hai tathA inheM Arya suhastikA bhAI bhI mAnA gayA hai / Arya suhasti Arya mahAgirikI vandanA karate the tathA saba prakArase unakA sammAna karate the|

Page #180
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 135 suhasti' the, ina AcAryoMko dekhate hI rAjAke manameM vicAra AyA ki inheM maiMne kabhI dekhA hai; isa prakAra UhApoha karanepara use jAti-smaraNa jJAna ho gayA aura pUrvajanmakI bAteM yAda A gayIM / vicAroMmeM tallIna honese rAjAko mUrchA A gayI / mantriyoMne vAyu-prakSepa aura zItopacAroMse rAjAko saceta kiyaa| sAvadhAna hokara mahArAja samprati mahalase nIce AyA aura apane guru AryasuhastikI tIna pradakSiNA dI tathA namo'stu kara kahane lagA-"prabho! kyA Apa mujhe pahacAnate haiM ? Arya suhastine apane jJAnabalase tatkAla hI usake pUrvajanmakI ghaTanA avagata kara lii| unhoMne kahAsAmAyika vratake prabhAvase tuma rAjagharAnemeM utpanna hue ho| yadyapi tumane kSullakake hI vratoMkA pAlana kiyA thA, para ahiMsaka jainadharmake pAlana karanese aise tuccha phaloMkA koI mahattva nhiiN| yaha kalyANakArI dharma mokSa denevAlA hai, isase jIva apanA saba tarahase uddhAra kara sakatA hai / sampratiko guruvacanoMpara bar3o bhArI zraddhA huI aura usane tatkAla jainadharma svIkAra kara liyaa| isake do varSa bAda usane kaliMga deza jItA aura vrata grahaNa kiye / samrAT sampratine yuvAvasthAmeM bhAratake samasta rAjAoMko karadAtA banA diyA thA / aSTakake nikaTa Akara sindhu nadI pAra karaneke uparAnta aphagAnistAnake mArgase IrAna, araba aura misra Adi dezoMpara apanA adhikAra kiyA aura kara liyaa| isake sambandhameM batAyA gayA hai ki isane sindhu nadIke pArake una saradAroMko jItakara-jinheM samrATa azoka bhI apane AdhIna nahIM kara sakA thA--kara vasUla kiyA / jisa prakAra ajAtazatruke AdhIna 16000 karada rAjya the, usI prakAra isake AdhIna rAjyoM kI saMkhyA bhI utanI hI thii| isa taraha samrAT samprati jaba digvijaya kara vApasa lauTA to azokake mahase ye udgAra nikale ki 'mere pitAmaha candragupta to kevala bhAratake hI samrATa the, kintu merA pautra samprati to saMsAra bharakA samrATa hai|" maurya rAjAoMke rAjyavistArako yavase upamA dete hue batAyA hai ki jisa prakAra yava (jau) prArambhameM kucha moTA, usake bAda adhika moTA aura madhyameM sabase adhika moTA hotA hai, 1. Arya suhasti arddhaphAlaka sampradAyake pravartaka the, kyoMki zvetAmbara aura digambaroMkA saMgha bheda vikrama saMvat 139 meM huA hai / yaha arddhaphAlaka sampradAya digambara aura zvetAmbaroMkI madhyakI cIja thA, isIse Age zvetAmbara sampradAya nikalA hai / Arya suhastine ujjayinImeM usa varSa cAturmAsa kiyA thA aura cAturmAsako samAptike harSopalakSameM hI rathayAtrA vahAM kI gayI thii| 2. nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA bhAga 16 aMka 1 pR0 41 / 3. javamajjhamuriyavaMse, dANAvaNivivaNidArasaMloe / tasajIvapaDikkamao pabhAvao samaNasaMghassa // yathA yavo madhyabhAge pRthulaH AdAvante ca hInaH evaM mauryavaMzo'pi / tathAhi-candraguptastAvad bahulavAhanAdivibhUtyA vibhUSita AsIt / tato bindusAro bRhattarastato'pyazokazrIbRhattamastataH sampratiH srvotkRssttH| tato bhUyo'pi tathaiva hAniravasAtavyA / evaM yavamadhyakalpaH sampratinRpatirAsIt / -abhiSAnarAjendra saptama bhAga pR0 198

Page #181
136 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna pazcAt dhIre-dhIre ghaTate ghaTate sUkSma ho jAtA hai; isI prakAra candraguptakI vibhUtise adhika bindusAra kI vibhUti, usase adhika azokakI aura azokase bhI jyAdA sampratikI vibhUti thI / isake pazcAt isa vaMzakI vibhUti uttarottara kama hotI calI gayI / isane apane rAjya meM saba prakArase ahiMsA dharmakA pracAra karanekA yatna kiyA / samrAT sampratine rAjya kI suvyavasthA karaneke lie apanI rAjadhAnI avantI' (ujjayinI ) meM banAyI thI / rAjanaitika dRSTikoNase pATalIputrameM itane bar3e sAmrAjyakI rAjadhAnI rakhanese zAsana sUtra calAne meM aneka kaThinAiyoM kA sAmanA bhI karanA par3atA / eka bAta yaha bhI thI ki prArambhase ujjayinImeM hI sampratikI zikSA dIkSA bhI huI thI, isalie isa sthAnase vizeSa prema bhI isakA thA; ataH ujjayinImeM rAjadhAnI sthApitakara AnandapUrvaka zAsana karatA thA / pA~ca aNuvratoM kA yathArtha rItise pAlana karate hue isane aneka kArya kiye the / digvijayake do varSa pazcAt samrAT samprati samyagdRSTi zrAvaka banakara saMgha sahita tIrthayAtrAke lie ravAnA huaa| isane mArgameM kue~, dharmazAlAe~, jinamandira aura aneka dAnazAlAe~ sthApita kI thiiN| yaha saMghasahita yAtrA karatA huA Urjayanta giri ( giranArajI) para pahu~cA tathA vahA~ke sudarzana nAmake tAlAbakA punaruddhAra karAyA aura zatruJjayapara jinamandiroM kA nirmANa karAyA / isane apane rAjyameM zikAra khelanekA pUrNa niSedha karavA diyA thA / isakA jIvana pUrNatayA zrAvakakA thA / isakI Ayu sau varSakI batAyI gayI hai / zilAlekha yadyapi varttamAnameM eka bhI zilAlekha sampratike nAmakA nahIM mAnA jAtA hai, prAyaH upalabdha mauryavaMzake adhikAMza zilAlekhoMkA parIkSaNa kiyA jAya to do-cAra abhilekhoM ko chor3a zeSa sabhI abhilekha sampratike hI pratIta hoMge / yahA~ para kucha vicAravinimaya kiyA jAyagA, jisase pAThaka ukta kathanakI yathArthatAko sahaja hRdayaMgama kara sakeMge / 1 - purAtattva vibhAgake asi0 DAyarekTara re - janarala sva0 pI0 sI0 banarjI likhate haiM ki ye saba zilAlekha, jinameM yavana rAjAoMke nAmoMkA aMguli-nirdeza 1. prAcIna bhArata pR0 218-219 aura keMbrija hisTrI oNpha iNDiyA prathama pustaka pR0 56 --172 tathA bharatezvara bAhubalIvRtti / 2. iNDiyana aiTi0 32 para tarka upasthita karate hue unhoMne likhA hai ki ye sabhI zilAlekha azokake hote to unameMse kisImeM bhI unhoMne apanA nAma kyoM nahIM likhA ? priyadarzinne rAjyAbhiSeka ke nau varSa bAda vrata lie the, aisI dazAmeM ukta varNana azokase sambandha rakhatA ho to usane rAjyAbhiSekase chaH mAsa pUrva aura gaddI para baiThaneke cauthe varSa bauddhadharma meM praveza kiyA hogA / yadi dUsarA dharma parivartana kahA jA sakatA ho to rAjA priyadarzinne magadhasaMgha yAtrA apane rAjyake dasaveM varSa meM kI thI, jabaki moggala putra ke netRtvameM tIsarI bauddha kauMsila azoka rAjyake satrahaveM varSa meM huI thI / ina saba kAraNoMse azoka ke zilAlekha nahIM ho sakate /

Page #182
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 137 kiyA gayA hai, kisI bhI taraha samrATa azoka' (dvitIya) ke banAye hue nahIM ho sakate / adhika sambhava to usake pautra rAjA samprati dvArA banAye jAne kA hai, jisane jainadharma svIkAra kara apane pitAmahakA padAnukaraNa karate hue zilAlekha khudavAye hoMge / 2 - pro0 pizala sAhaba ? rUpanAtha, sAsArAma aura vairATa ke zilAlekhoMko azoka ke nahIM mAnate, ve unheM samprati dvArA khudavAye batalAte haiM / 23 - pAlIbhASA ke adhikArI vidvAn pro0 vilsana sAhaba likhate haiM ki prANiyoMkA badha rokane viSayaka usake ArDIneMsa bauddhadharma kI apekSA usake pratispardhI jainadharmake siddhAntoMse adhika mela khAte haiM / 4 - bhANDArakara mahodaya likhate haiM ki stambha lekha naM0 3 meM pAMca Asrava batAye gaye haiM / bauddhadharma meM tIna hI Asrava hote haiM / hA~ jainadharmameM pAMca Asrava mAne gaye haiM / 5 - rAdhAkumuda mukurjI ne niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki phAhiyAna aura yuAna cvAMga nAmake do cInI yAtrI bhAratavarSa meM Aye the, unake kiye hue varNanoMmeM ina zilAlekhoMkI carcA avazya hai, kintu yaha kahIM bhI nahIM likhA hai ki ye zilAlekha azokake khudavAye hue haiN| kevala itanI bAta likhI hai ki ye lekha prAcIna haiM, inameM likhI bAta inase bhI pahale kI hai / 6 - pro0 hulTza sAhaba " kA mata hai ki bauddhamatakI tattvavidyA meM AtmavidyA viSayaka jo vikAsakrama batalAyA gayA hai, usameM aura zilAlekhoMkI lipimeM dhammapada viSayaka jo vikAsakrama likhA gayA hai, atyadhika antara hai / yaha samagra racanA hI jainadharmake anusAra khodI gayI hai / 7--azokake sabho zilAlekha sikandarazAha ke samayase lagabhaga 80 varSa bAdake siddha hote haiM aura isa gaNanAse unakA samaya I0 pU0 323-80 = I0 pU0 243 varSa AtA hai / para azokakI mRtyu I0 pU0 270 meM ho cukI thI, ataH ye zilAlekha azokake kabhI nahIM ho sakate / inakA nirmAtA jainadharmAnuyAyI samprati apara nAma priyadarzin hI hai ! 1. zizunAgavaMzI kAlAzoka upanAma mahApadma ko prathama azoka kahA jAtA hai / samaya I0 pU0 454-426 2. iNDiyana eNTIkverI pu0 7 pR0 142 3. His ordinances concerning sparing of animal life agree much more closely with the Ideas of the heretical Jains than those of the Buddhists --ja0 rA0 e0 so0 1887 pR0 275 4. mithyAtva avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga ye pAMca Asavake kAraNa hai / 5. kora0 inskripzana iMDi0 ke0 pu0 1 pR0 XLVII 6. sara kaniMgaham " buka oNpha esiyaMTa irAja" pu0 2 18

Page #183
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna 138 Antarika parIkSaNa azoka ke zilAlekhoMkA Amyantarika parIkSaNa karanepara pratIta hotA hai ki adhikAMza zilAlekha jaina samrAT priyadarzin upanAma sampratike haiM / vicAra karaneke lie nimna pramANa upasthita kiye jA rahe haiM, jinase pAThaka yathArthatA avagata kara sakeMge / 1 - adhikAMza zilAlekhoM meM 'devAnAM ' priya priyadarzI' AtA hai / yaha priyadarzI na to azokakA upanAma hai aura na vizeSaNa hI thA / ataH priyadarzIke nAma ke sabhI zilAlekha sampratike haiM / 2 - jina lekhoMmeM azokakA nAma spaSTataH AyA hai, unameM bauddha dharmake siddhAnta pAye jAte haiM, kintu jinameM priyadarzIkA nAma AyA hai, unameM jainadharmake siddhAnta hI vartamAna haiM / isI kAraNa kaI aitihAsika vidvAn azokake jainadharmAnuyAyI hone kI AzaMkA karate haiM / vAstava - meM bAta yaha hai ki mauryavaMzameM akelA azoka hI bauddhadharmAnuyAyI the / 3 - pA~caveM zilAlekha meM batAyA gayA hai ki "iha brAhmaNeSu ca nagareSu sarveSu avarodhaneSu bhrAtRRNAM ca anye bhaginInAM evaM api anye jJAtiSu sarvatra vyAptAH 2" arthAt rAjA priyadarzinne pATalIputra nagara evaM anyAnya sthAnoMmeM apane bhAI bahinoMko niyukta kiyA thA / yadi isa kathanako azokake lie mAnA jAya to aneka doSa AveMge / kyoMki azoka ke sambandhameM prasiddhi hai ki usane apane eka bhAIko chor3a zeSa sabhI kuTumbiyoMko niSkaNTaka rAjya karane ke lie rAjyAbhiSeka se pUrva hI maravA DAlA thA; ataeva zilAlekhameM ullikhita usake bhAIbahana kaise ho sakate haiM ? priyadarzinke bhAI, putra aura kuTumbiyoMke sambandha meM ullekha dillI ToparAke stambha lekha naM 0 7 meM pAyA jAtA hai / ataH priyadarzinkA hI yaha lekha hogA / 4 -- cauthe aura gyArahaveM zilAlekha meM ahiMsA tattvakA varNana jainadharmakI apekSA hI kiyA gayA hai / bauddha matameM sthAvara jIva - pRthvIkAya, jalakAya, agnikAya, vAyukAya aura vanaspatikAyakI hiMsAkA tyAga kahIM nahIM batAyA gayA hai / yadi ye zilAlekha azokake hote to sajIvatuSako jalAnekA niSedha tathA vanameM Aga lagAnekA niSedha kabhI nahIM kiyA jAtA / zilAlekhoM meM ahiMsAkA sUkSma varNana jainadharmake siddhAntoMke sAtha hI samatva rakhatA hai, bauddhadharmake siddhAntoM ke sAtha nahIM / 5 - parabhavake sukha ke lie lekhoMmeM sarva prANiyoMkI rakSA, saMyama, samAcaraNa aura mArdava dharma kI zikSA dI gayI hai / samAcaraNa aura saMyama jainadharma ke AcAra ke pramukha aMga haiM, bauddhadharmameM inheM mahattvapUrNa sthAna prApta nahIM hai / 1. 'devAnAMpriya' vizeSaNa kA upayoga prAyaH sAdhu, mahArAja, bhaktajana yA kisI seThake lie hotA thA / kabhI-kabhI pati-patnI bhI eka-dUsare ke sambodhana ke lie isakA vyavahAra karate the / - kalpasUtrakI sukhabodhinI TIkA pR0 47 2. azoka-dharma lekha 162 3. sava bhUtAnaM achati, saMyama, samacariyaM mAdavaM ca - azoka zilAlekha 13, pR0 250 4. samadA samAcAro sammAcArI samo va AcAro / samvasihi sammANaM samAcAro du AcAro // - mUlAcAra 123 // 4 //

Page #184
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 6-stambha lekha naM0 5 meM pakSiyoMke vadha, jalacara prANiyoMke zikAra tathA anya prANiyoMke vadha karanekA aSTamI, caturdazI aura kAttika, phAlguna evaM ASAr3hakI aSTAnhikA tathA payUSaNa parvakI puNyatithiyoMmeM niSedha kiyA gayA hai / isa niSedhase spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki ina tithiyoMkA mahattva jainoMke lie jitanA hai, utanA anya dharmAvalambiyoMke lie nahIM / ataH isa AjJAkA pracAraka jaina hI ho sakatA hai| aSTamI aura caturdazIko parva tithiyA~ jainoMne hI mAnA hai bauddha aura vaidikoMne nahIM / 7--jainadharmake pAribhASika zabda zilAlekhoMmeM itane adhika hai, jisase unake nirmAtAko bauddha kabhI nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| stambha lekha naM0 6 se pacUpagamana (prAyupagamana), zilAlekha naM0 3 meM prANAnArambha (prANa anArambha), zilAlekha naM0 5 meM kalpa zilAlekha naM0 12 guti (gupti) aura samavAya (samavAyAGga), stambha lekha naM0 2 meM saMyama, bhAva zuddhi aura Asrava, zilAlekha naM0 13 meM vedanIya tathA paJcama stambha lekhameM jovanikAya aura proSagha (proSadhopavAsa) Adi zabda Aye haiM / ina zilAlekhoMkA nirmAtA samprati upanAma priyadarzin' honA caahiye| (8) giranArake lekha naM0 3 meM 'svAmivAtsalyatA' kA prayoga AyA hai / bauddha dharmakI dRSTise yaha bana nahIM sakatA, kyoMki bauddha dharma meM bhikSu aura bhikSuNI ina donoMkA milAkara hI dvividha saMgha hotA hai, para jainadharmameM muni, AyikA, zrAvaka, aura zrAvikA ina cAroMko milAne se caturvidha saMgha hotA hai / ataH svAmivAtsalyatA jainadharmakI dRSTise hI bana sakatI hai, bauddhadharmakI dRSTise nhiiN| (9) zilAlekha naM0 8 meM saMbodhimayAya eka zabda AyA hai, jisake artha meM Ajataka vizeSajJoMko sandeha hai| jaina mAnyatAmeM yaha sAdhAraNa zabda hai isakA artha samyaktva prApti hai / kucha logoMne khIMca-tAna kara isakA artha jisa vRkSake nIce mahAtmA buddhako sarvotkRSTa jJAnakI prApti huI thI, usa bodhi vRkSake nIce chAyAmeM jAkara kiyA hai, jo asaMgata pratIta hotA hai| 1. zilAlekha naM0 2 aura 13 meM aise udAharaNa haiM, jinameM batAyA gayA hai ki samrAT priya darzinke zAsanakAla meM grIka sAmrAjyake pAMca hisse ho gaye the| unameM jo nAma batAye gaye haiM una pAMcoMke AdhArapara yUropIya vidvAnoMne unakA zAsanakAla isa prakAra nizcita kiyA hai-(1) I0 pU0 261-246 (2) I0 pU0 285-247 (3) I0 pU0 274242 (4) I0 pU0 256 aura (5) I0 pU0 272-254 zilAlekhoMkI khudAIkA samaya bhale hI bAdakA ho para uparyukta ghaTanA priyadarzin rAjA dvArA rAjyAbhiSeka honeke ATha varSa bAda kaliMga jIta lenese pahale huI hai / aisI dazAmeM yadi azoka aura priyadarzI eka hI hoM to I0 pU0 325-8meM azokakA rAjyAbhiSeka honeke hisAbase vaha samaya I0 pU0 317 hotA hai aura isa dRSTise vicAra karanepara uparyukta pAMca varSoM meM se kisIke sAtha bhI (rAjyazAsanake Arambha yA antase) usakA krama nahIM jur3atA hai, balki usake viparIta vaha aura 50-60 varSa pahale calA jAtA hai| isase siddha hotA hai ki priyadarzin aura azoka ye donoM eka nahIM, bhinna vyakti haiM / nA0pra0 pa0 bhAga 16 aMka 1 pR0 22-23

Page #185
140 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna (10) sampratine stambha banavAye unapara siMhakI mUrtiyA~ isalie aMkita karAyIM ki yaha unake ArAdhya bhagavAn mahAvIrakA cinha hai tathA samyagdRSTike nirbhayapanekA sUcaka bhI hai| siMhakI mUrtiyA~ aura cakra samprati urpha priyadarzinke hI haiM, kyoMki inakA nikaTa sambandha jainasaMskRtise hai| zaMkAe~ yadi azokakA upanAma yA vizeSaNa priyadarzin na mAnA jAya to makkhI ke zilAlekha meM azoka zabda spaSTa kyoM likhA gayA hai ? priyadarzI bauddhadharmake yAtrAsthAna luMbinI aura niglivimeM kyoM gayA thA ? yadi bauddhadharmo na hotA to vaha vahAM kyoM jAtA? ataH priyadarzin azokakA vizeSaNa yA upanAma hai| samAdhAna ___ makkhIke zilAlekhameM 'devAnAM priya asokassa' AyA hai, priyadarzinkA nAma nahIM AyA hai, ataH yaha zilAlekha azokakA hI hai| devAnAM priya upAdhi rAjAoMke liye usa kAlameM vyavahRta hotI thii| isaliye isa zilAlekhase azoka aura priyadarzI eka siddha nahIM hote haiM ! yadi isameM devAnAM priya priyadarzin azoka, aisA pATha hotA to avazya azokakA dUsarA nAma priyadarzin mAnA jA sakatA thaa| dUsarI zaMkAkA samAdhAna yaha hai ki azokakI mRtyu sampratike rAjyAbhiSekake 19 varSa bAda I0pU0 270 meM huI thI, ataH vaha eka varSa bAda apane pUjya pitAmahakI sAMvatsarika kriyA karaneke lie gayA hogaa| dUsarI bAta yaha bhI hai ki rAjA sabhI dharmoM kA saMrakSaka tathA dharma sahiSNu hotA hai, ataH sampratine anya sthAnoMke nirIkSaNake samAna ukta dharma sthAnoMkA bhI nirIkSaNa aura darzana kiyA hogaa| ataH zilAlekhoM dvArA sampratike kAryoMkA anumAnakara use yaza milAnA cAhie / vartamAnameM rASTradhvajake lAJchana sampratike hI haiM / bhramavaza loga azoka ke samajhe hue haiN| dharma pracAra sampratine jainadharmake pracArake lie savAlAkha navIna jaina mandira do hajAra dharmazAlAeM, gyAraha hajAra vApikAeM aura kuMe khodavAkara pakke ghATa banavAye / savA karor3a jina-bimboMkI pratiSThA karAyI tathA chattIsa hajAra mandiroMkA jIrNoddhAra karavAyA / epITama oNpha jainijmameM 1. Samprati was a great Jain monarch and a staunch supporter of the faith. He erected thousands of temples throughour the length and breadth of is vast empire and consecreted large number of images, He is stated further to have sent Jain missionaries and ascetics abroad to preach Jainism in the distant countries and spread the faith amongst the people there. -An Epitome of Jainism, Appendix A. P. v

Page #186
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti batAyA gayA hai ki samprati mahAn vIra jainadharmAnuyAyI thaa| isane dharmako vRddhike lie sudUra dezoMmeM dharmakA pracAra karAyA, anArya dezoMmeM saMghakA vihAra karAyA tathA apane adhIna sabhI rAjAoMko jainI banAkara jainadharmake pracArakoMko saba prakArase sahayoga diyaa| kharataragacchAvalImeM bhI sampratike kAryoMkA ullekha karate hue batAyA gayA hai ki jaina sAdhuoMko dharma pracArake lie rAjadUta banAkara videzoMmeM bhejA gayA thaa| mAlagujArI vasUla karanekA kArya bhI prAyaH jaina sAdhu karate the, ye sAdhu sAtavIM pratimAke dhArI hote the| ___ sampratike dharma prabhAvanAke kAryoMkA nirUpaNa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki yaha samrATa rathayAtrAmeM sAtha rahatA thA tathA nAnA prakArake puSpahAra, toraNa, mAlAoM Adise rathako sajjita kara bhagavAn jinendrakI savArI gAje-bAjeke sAtha nikAlatA thaa| isane apane AdhInastha rAjAoMko Adeza diyA thA ki yadi Apa loga mujhe apanA svAmI mAnate haiM to jaina sAdhuoM kA sammAna kareM, caturvidha saMghakA Adara kreN| mujhe daNDa dvAga dravyakI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / apane-apane rAjyameM abhayadAna kareM, ahiMsA dharmakA pracAra evaM pAlanakara apanA kalyANa kreN| caturvidha saMghako tathA vizeSataH jaina sAdhuoMko zuddha AhAra, pAtra tathA anya AvazyakatAkI vastueM dAnameM deN| samrAT sampratine araba, IrAna, siMhaladvIpa, ratnadvIpa, mahArASTra, Andhra, kuDukku Adi dezoMmeM jainadharmakA pracAra karAyA thaa| isake dvArA nirmita mandiroMmeM gujarAta aura rAjapUtAnemeM kucha mandiroMke dhvaMsa aba bhI vartamAna haiN| karnala TaoNDa ne likhA hai ki "kamalamerakA zeSa zikhara samudratalase 3353 phITa UMcA hai / yahA~se maiMne marukSetrake bahudUravartI sthAnoMkA prAnta nizcaya kara liyaa| yahA~ aise kitane hI dRzya vidyamAna haiM, jinakA samaya aMkita karane meM lagabhaga eka mAsakA samaya laganekI sambhAvanA hai| kintu hamane kevala ukta durga aura eka bahuta purAne jaina mandirakA citrAMka samApta karanekA samaya pAyA thaa| isa mandirako gaThana praNAlI 1. yena sampratinA""sAdhuveSadhArI-nija-kiGkarajanapreSaNena anAryadeze'pi sAdhuvihAraM kAritavAn / -kharataragacchAvali saMgraha pR0 7 2. jati maM jANai sAmi, samaNANaM paNamahA suvihiyANaM / damveNa me na kajjaM, evaM khu piyaM kuNaha majjhaM / / / yadi mAM svAminaM yUyaM jAnItha manyadhve tataH zramaNapraNamanAdikaM mama priyaM tadeva yUyaM kuruta / vIsajjiyA ya teNe, samaNaM ghosAvaNaM sarajjesuM / sAhUNaM suhavihArA, jAtA paccaMtiyA desA / samaNabhaDabhAvie suM, tesuM rajjesu esaNAdIsuM / sAhU suhaM vihariyA teNaM vi ya bhaddagA teu / udiNajohAulasiddhaseNApaDiTTito NijjiyasattuseNo / samaMtato sAhusuhappayAre akAsi aMdhe davile ya ghore / / -abhidhAna rAjendra bhAga 7 pR0 199-200 3. hindI TaoNDa rAjasthAna pahalA bhAga vi0 saM0 ma0 26 pR0 721-23

Page #187
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna bahuta prAcIna kAlake samAna hai / mandirake bIcameM kevala khilAna yukta UMcI coTIkA vigraha kakSa (kamarA) hai aura usake cAroM ora stambhAvali zobhita gola barAmadA hai yaha nizcaya hI jaina mandira hai"| kathanase spaSTa hai ki yaha mandira I0 pU0 200 se bhI pahale kA hai, TaoNDa sAhabane Age bhI isa bAtako svIkAra kiyA hai / ataH yaha sampratikA banAyA huA batAyA jAtA hai| sampratine kaI piMjarApola pazurakSaNake lie khulavAye the| gujarAtameM isa prathAkA zeSa cihna Aja bhI vartamAna hai / isake dharma pracArakA ullekha zvetAmbara sAhityameM hI pAyA jAtA hai, digambara sAhityameM nahIM / sampratine jaina sAdhuoMkI dharma pracArameM saba prakArase sahAyatA kI thI' / isalie rAjakIya Azrayako pAkara jainadharma khUba usa kAlameM phailaa| lokopakArI kArya bhI isane aneka kiye / AhAradAna, jJAnadAna, auSadhadAna aura abhayadAna bhI isane apane jIvanameM khUba diye / rAjanItimeM ahiMsAkA prayoga bhI khUba kiyaa| isane anArya dezoM meM jainadharma ke pracArake lie senAke yoddhAoMko sAdhuoMkA bheSa banAkara bhejA thaa| apane priya jainadharma ke prasArameM isane sabhI sambhava upAyoMse kAma liyA thA / 1. jainijma ina nArtha iNDiyA pR0 144-145 2. ityadhikAyaM dharmavicAraM saMpratibhUpativRkSamudAram / sadguruprahatAkhilabahumAna bhajyajanA dadhatAM bahumAnam / / -darzanazuddhi gA.13

Page #188
samrATa samprati aura usakI kRtiyA~ maurya sAmrAjyakI vaMzAvalI itihAsake AdhArapara isa prakAra hai / candraguptane I0 pU0 322 se 298 I0 pU0 arthAt 24 varSa rAjya kiyA, isake pazcAt isakA putra vindusAra rAjyAsIna huA, isane I0 pU0 298 se I0 pU0 272 taka arthAt 26 varSa rAjya kiyA / isake pazcAt isake putra azokavarddhanane rAjyabhAra grahaNa kiyA / isane I0 pU0 272 se I0 pU0 232 taka arthAt 40 varSa rAjya kiyA / azokake uttarAdhikAriyoMkI vaMzAvalI nimna hai / rAnI padmAvatI azoka rAnI tiSyarakSitA kuNAla (suyaza ), dazaratha tIsare kI yuddha meM mRtyu huI thI rAnI asaMdhi mitrA mahendrakumAra, janma I0 saMghamitrA kanyA; janma I0 pU0 332, mRtyu I0 pU0 pU0 330, mRtyu I0 pU0 254, 78 varSa kI Ayu 253, 77 varSa kI Ayu ye donoM bhAIbahana buddhadharma ke pracAra meM lage rahe saMprati urpha priyadarzina, zAlizuka urpha bandhu pAlita dharmAzoka, indra pAlita rAnI asaMdhi mitrA kI dAsI RSabhasena balauka tIvara cAimatI kanyA devapAlake sAtha vivAha huA thA, bhaga domodara kucha aitihAsika vidvAn sampratikA uttarAdhikArI zAlizukako mAnate haiM / isane I0 pU0 207 se I0 pU0 206 taka arthAt eka varSa rAjya kiyA thA / zAlizuka kA putra devavarmA huA, isane I0 pU0 206 se I0 pU0 199 arthAt 7 varSa rAjya kiyA / isake do putra hue zatadhanuSa aura bRhadratha / zatadhanuSa ne I0 pU0 198 se I0 pU0 191 taka arthAt 8 varSa rAjya kiyA tathA bRhadratha ne I0 pU0 191 se I0 pU0 184 taka arthAt 7 varSa rAjya kiyA / isake pazcAt isa vaMzakA yogya rAjyazAsakake na honese rAjya samApta ho gayA / kerala putra satyaputra zAlizuka yA tikheTana sUka kumAra

Page #189
144 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vA mayakA avadAna hindU purANoMmeM kuNAlakA zAsana kAla I0 pU0 232 se I0 pU0 224 taka arthAt 8 varSa taka mAnA gayA hai / parantu jaina aura bauddha sAhityameM andhA honeke kAraNa kuNAlako zAsaka nahIM mAnA / vAstavika bAta yaha hai ki purANoMmeM azoka taka to maurya vaMzAvalI eka rUpameM milatI hai, para isake bAdakI vaMzAvalI meM paraspara mata bhinnatA hai| viSNu purANa aura bhagavata purANameM azokake uttarAdhikArIkA nAma 'suyaza' hai; kintu DasI sthAnapara vAyu purANameM 'kuNAla' aura brahmANDapurANameM kuzAla hai / suyaza, kuNAla yA kuzAlake pIche viSNupurANameM 'dazaraya' kA nAma hai evaM vAyu aura brahmANDapurANameM bandhupAlitakA nAma milatA hai| bhAgavatakAra isI sthAnapara 'saMyata' nAma likhate haiM / matsya purANameM azokakA uttarAdhikArI 'saptati' (samprati) batAyA hai / purANakAroMkI isa mata bhinnatAke AdhArapara yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki azokake pichale maurya rAjAoMkI vaMzAvalIkI purANakAroMko yathArtha jAnakArI nahIM thii| matsyapurANake kathanakA samarthana jaina aura bauddha sAhityase hotA hai, ataH azokakA uttarAdhikArI sampratiko hI mAnanA ucita hai / matsyapurANameM batAyA hai SaTtriMzattu samA rAjA, bhavitA'zoka eva ca / saptati (samprati) darzavarSANi, tasya naptA bhaviSyati // rAjA dazaratho'STI tu, tasya putro bhaviSyati / -matsyapurANa adhyAya 272 zlo0 23-24 bauddha grantha divyAvadAnake 29veM avadAnameM jo vRttAnta AyA hai, usase prakaTa hai ki azokakI bImArIke samaya azokakA pautra yuvarAja samprati pATalIputrameM thA aura azokakI mRtyuke uparAnta usakA vahIM rAjyAbhiSeka huA / 1. "api ca rAdhagupta, ayaM me manoratho babhUva koTIzataM bhagavacchAsane dAsyAmIti, sa ca me'bhiprAyo na paripUrNaH / tato rAjA'zokena catvAraH koTayaH paripUrayiSyAmIti hiraNyaM suvarNa kukkuTArAmaM pressyitumaarbdhH| ___ tasmiMzca samaye kunAlasya sampadI nAma putro yuvarAjye prarvatate / tasyAmAtyairabhihitaM-kumAra ! azoko rAjA svalpakAlAvasthAyI idaM ca dravyaM kurkuTArAmaM preSayate kozabalinazca rAjAno nivArayitavyaH / yAvat kumAreNa bhAMDAgArikaH pratiSitAH / yadA rAjJo'zokasyApratiSiddhAH (?) tasya suvarNabhAjane AhAramupanAmyate, bhuktvA tAni suvarNabhAjanAni kukkuTArAmaM preSayati |......"ath rAjA'zoka, sAzrudurdinanayanavadano'mAtyAnuvAca dAkSiNyAt anRtaM hi kiM kathaya, bhraSTAdhirAjyA vayama , zeSaM tvAmalakArSamityavasitaM yatra prabhutvaM mama / aizvayaM dhiganAryamuddhatanadItoyapravezopamam, maha~ndrasya mamApi yat pratibhayaM dAridyamabhyAgatam // arthAt-rAjA azokako bauddhasaMghako sau karor3a suvarNadAna denekI icchA huI aura usane dAna denA zuru kiyA / 36 varSa meM usane 96 karor3a suvarNa to de diyA, para abhI 4 karor3a denA bAkI thA, taba vaha bImAra par3a gayA, jindagI kA bharosA na samajhakara usane avazeSa cAra karoDako cukA deneke lie khajAnese kukkuTArAmameM bhikSuoMke lie dravya bhejanA

Page #190
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 145 avadAna kalpalatAmeM kSemendra ne bhI sampadI ( samprati) ko azoka kA pautra aura uttarAfdhakArI mAnA hai / isane likhA hai tatpautraH saMpadI nAma, lobhAndhastasya zAsanam / koSAdhyakSeravArayat // 8 // dAnapuNyapravRttasya, dAne niSiddhe pautreNa, saMghAya pRthvIpatiH / bhaiSajyAmalakasyArdhaM dado sarvasvatAM gatam ||9|| -- bodhisattvAvadAnakalpalatA pallava 74 10 597 jaina aura bauddha sAhitya meM kuNAlakA andhA honA batAyA gayA hai / vimAtA ke vidveSake kAraNa kuNAla ko apane netroMse hAtha dhonA par3A thA / divyAvadAna aura avadAnakalpalatAmeM likhA hai ki kuNAlakI AMkheM bar3I sundara thIM, jisase usakI sundara A~khoM para mohita hokara azokakI rAnI tiSyarakSitAne usase anucita prArthanA kI, kintu kuNAlane use svIkAra nahIM kiyA / apanA apamAna samajhakara rAnI atyanta asantuSTa huI aura avasara milane para badalA lenekI bAta taya kara lii| eka bAra rAjA azoka bImAra par3A thA, vaidyoMne nAnA prakArase cikitsA kI, kintu kucha lAbha nahIM huA / tiSyarakSitAne apanI caturAI aura paricaryAse samrAT azokako niroga kara liyA / prasanna hokara mahArAja azokane use sAta dina kA rAjya diyA / rAjya prAptakara tiSyarakSitAne takSazilA' ke adhikArIvargake pAsa AjJApatra bhejA ki zurU kiyA / mantriyoMne kuNAla putra saMpadIse kahA- rAjan / rAjA azoka aba thor3e dina hI rahanevAlA hai, rAjAoM kA khajAnA bala hai, ataH kurkuTArAma jo dravya bhejA jA rahA hai, use rokanA cAhiye / mantriyoMkI salAhase yuvarAja sampadIne koSAdhyakSako dhana denese roka diyA / isa para azokane apane bhojana karaneke sone, cAMdI aura anya dhAtuoM ke pAtroM ko bhI dAna kara diyaa| aba rAjAke pAsa AdhA A~valA zeSa raha gyaa| usane maMtriyoM aura prajAgaNako ekatrita kara kahA -- batAo isa samaya pRthvImeM sattAdhArI kauna hai ? sabhIne eka svarase kahA - ApahI Izvara sattAdhArI rAjA haiM / azoka - tuma dAkSiNyase / jhUTha kyoM bolate ho ? isa samaya hamArA prabhutva ardhAmalaka para hai / itanA kahakara azokane use bhI pAsa ke eka vyakti dvArA kurkuTArAma saMghake pAsa bheja diyA / saMghane yUSameM milAkara Apasa meM bA~Ta liyA / rAjA azokane antima samaya meM rAdhagupta amAtyake samakSa cAra karor3a svarNadAnake badalemeM samasta pRthvIkA dAna kara diyA azokakI mRtyuke uparAnta amAtyoMne saMgha 4 karor3a suvarNa dekara pRthvIko chur3AyA aura bAdameM sampadIkA rAjyAbhiSeka kiyA gayA / 1. jaina granthoMmeM kuNAlako avantimeM andhA kiyA gayA batAyA haiM, kintu bauddha granthoMmeM takSazilA meM / ina donoM kathanoMmeM koI antara nahIM haiM; kyoMki prAcIna bhAratameM avanti aura takSa zilA eka hI nagarI thii| bauddha sAhityameM avantike hI artha meM takSazilAkA prayoga huA haiM / vaijayanti kozameM batAyA bhI hai- "avantI syAttakSazilA " vaijayantI - divyAvadAna 29 19

Page #191
146 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGamayakA avadAna kuNAla hamAre kulakA kalaMka hai, ataH isakI A~kheM nikAla lI jAyeM / phalataH kuNAlako AjJA prApta kara svayaM andhA honA pdd'aa| __jaina granthoMmeM batAyA hai ki vidyAdhyayanake samaya hI avantimeM kuNAlako vimAtA tiSyarakSitAke SaDyantrake kAraNa andhA honA par3A thaa| kuNAlane apanI buddhimattAse apane putra sampratiko azokase rAjya dilavA diyA thaa| sampratike sambandhameM jaina lekhakoMmeM do mata pracalita haiN| prathama mata bRhatkalpacUNi kalpakiraNAvalI, pariziSTaparva AdikA hai| isa matake anusAra kuNAlane sampratikI utpattike anantara azokase usake liye rAjya mAMgA; azokane usI samaya rAjya de diyaa| dUsarA mata nizItha cUrNikA hai, isake anusAra sampratiko kumAra muktimeM ujjayinIkA rAjya milA thaa| itihAsakAroMne jo kuNAkakA rAjyakAla 8varSa batAyA hai tathA use avanti yA takSazilAkA zAsaka likhA hai; jaina aura bauddha mAnyatAke anusAra bhI isa kathanako eka prakArase ThIka kahA jA sakatA hai| saMbhavataH andhA honeke pUrva kuNAla avantikA yuvarAja thA, ataH yahA~kA zAsana bhAra kuNAlake hAthoMmeM rahA ho / andhA hone ke pazcAt usane apane pitA azoka se isIliye apane putrake liye rAjyako yAcanA kI thI ki andhA honeke kAraNa usake hAthase ujjayinIkA rAjyabhAra usake putrako mila jAya / kyoMki mahArAja azokane kuNAlake andhA honeke anantara apane dUsare rAjakumArako avantikA zAsaka banA diyA thA tathA kuNAlakI gujara-basarake liye eka-do gA~va de diye the / isa prakAra kI vicitra asamaMjasa kAraka paristhiti meM kuNAlako yA usake putra sampratiko avantikA zAsana milanA jarA kaThina thA; isIliye buddhimAna kuNAlane tarakIba socakara rAjAko vacanabaddhakara adhikAra kiyA / mere isa kathanakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki azokake pazcAt kuNAlane zAsana nahIM kiyA; kintu usakI jIvita avasthAmeM kucha dinoM taka yuvarAjapadakA bhAra kuNAlake Upara rahA thaa| avantimeM amAtyoMkI pariSadkI sahAyatAse kuNAlane rAjya kArya kiyA thA / azokakI mRtyuke pUrva samprati yuvarAja padapara AsIna thaa| tathA avazeSa cAra karor3a suvarNadAna, jise azoka khajAne se kurkuTArAma pahu~cAnA cAhatA thA, sampratine rukavA diyA thaa| yuvarAjakAlameM samprati avantikA zAsaka bhI thaa| Arya suhastise sampratine yuvarAjakAlameM hI jainadharmakI dIkSA lI thI, isI kAraNa jaina lekhakoMne use dIkSAke samaya yuvarAja yA avanti zAsaka likhA hai| divyAvadAna aura avadAna kalpalatAvRtti nAmaka bauddha granthoM meM spaSTa batAyA gayA hai ki azokakI mRtyuke . 1. jaina-siddhAnta-bhAskara bhAga 16 kiraNa 2 pR0 115 2. ki kAhisi aMdhao rajjecaM kuNAlo bhaNati-mama putrotthi saMpatI nAma kumAro, dinnaM rajja-bRhatkalpacUNi 22 + + tasya sutaH kuNAlastannandanAstrikhaNDabhoktA samprati nAmA bhUpatiH abhUt, sa ca jAtamAtra eva pitaamhdttraajyH| -kalpakiraNAvalI 165 3. ujjeNIse kumArabhottI diNNA-nizIthacUrNi 4. paritappitA ujjeNI aNNassa diNNA-kalpacUrNi

Page #192
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 147 pazcAt bauddha saMghameM cAra karor3a svarNa dekara samprati rAjyAsana para pratiSThita huA thaa| isane azokake dAnako roka diyA thA, isaliye bauddha lekhakoMne isakI nindA kI hai, ise lobhI, madAndha Adi kahA hai| azokako mRtyu ke uparAnta sampratine pATalIputrake siMhAsanapara sthita ho apanI rAjya vyavasthAko sudRr3ha kiyA / usane yuvarAjakAlameM hI kAThiyAbAr3a aura dakSiNApathako svAdhIna kara liyA thaa| nizIthacUNimeM batAyA gayA hai-"teNa suraThThavisayo aMdhA damilA ya oyaviyA" isI sambandhameM kalpacUrNikArane likhA hai- "tAhe teNa saMpaiNA ujjeNIAI kauM dakkhiNAvaho savvo tattha ThiNNa vi ajjAvito" arthAt usa samprati nareza ne samasta dakSiNApathako svAdhIna kara liyA thA / isa prakAra pazcima aura dakSiNa bhArata rAjyAbhiSeka honeke pahale hI yuvarAja avasthAmeM sampratike AdhIna the| pUrvI bhArata magadhake rAjyasiMhAsanapara abhiSikta honeke pazcAt sampratike adhikAra meM aagaa| munizrI kalyANavijayajIne 'vIra nirvANa saMvat aura jaina kAla gaNanA' nAmaka pustakameM anumAna kiyA hai ki sampratike pUrva pUrvIya bhAratakA kucha bhAga azokake dvitIya putra dazarathake AdhIna thaa| kuNAlake andhA honeke uparAnta jabataka avantikA zAsana sampratiko nahIM milA, taba taka azokakA yahI dvitIya putra dazaratha avantikA zAsaka rahA hogaa| munijIke isa anumAnakI puSTi dazarathake nAmake upalabdha zilAlekhoMse bhI ho jAtI hai| sampratine apane rAjyameM apanI kIttiko sthAyI rakhane ke liye zilAlekha aura stambha lekha khudavAye tathA aneka stUpoMkA nirmANa kara janatAkA kalyANa kiyaa| yaha itanA nirabhimAnI thA ki isane apanA pUrA nAma kisI bhI zilAlekha yA stambha lekhameM utkINita nahI kraayaa| kevala mahArAja priyadarzinake nAmase sabhI lekha khadavAye haiN| bhramavaza logoMne azoka ko priyadarzina mAna liyA hai, jisase sampratikI sArI kRtiyA~ Aja azokakI mAnI jAne lagI haiN| azokake nAmake jitane zilAlekha pracalita hai, unameM do-tInako chor3a zeSa sabhI sampratike haiN| sampratine apane priya ahiMsA dharma ke pracArake liye jainamAnyatAke anusAra dharmAjJAe~ pracalita kI haiN| mahArAja sampratine pramukha caudaha zilAlekhoMko tIrthaMkaroMke nirvANa sthAna, apane kuTumbiyoMke mRtyu sthAna aura apane janma sthAnapara khudavAyA hai / usakA vizvAsa thA ki nirvANasthAna para yAtrAke liye AnevAle yAtrI ina dharmAjJAoMse lAbha uThAyeMge tathA saMsArase virakta ho, apanA kalyANa kregeN| 1. gaGgAmbubhArarucirAM caturambu rAzi-velAvilAsavasanAM malayAvataMsAm / dattvA'khilAM vasumatI sa samAsasAda, puNyaM pramANakalanArahitaM hitAya / prakhyAtaSaNNavati koTisuvarNadAne, yAte divaM narapatAvatha tasya pautraH / zeSeNa mantrivacasA kSitimAjahAra, spaSTakrayI kanakakoTicatuSTayena / / x x x avadAna kalpa la0 50 74 zlo0 11-12 eSa rAjJo'zokasya manoratho babhUva koTizataM bhagavacchAsane dAnaM dAsyAmIti tena SaSNavatikoTayo dattA yAvad rAjJA pratiSiddhAH, tadabhiprAyeNa rAjJA pRthivI saMghe dattA yAvadamAtyaizcatasraH koTayo bhagavacchAsane dattvA pRthvI niSkrIya saMpadI rAjya pratiSThApitaH / -divyAvadAna 29

Page #193
148 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna __ jaina sampradAyake 24 tIrthaMkaroMmeM se zrI RSabhanAthane aSTApada parvatase, neminAthane giranAra parvatase, vAsupUjya svAmIne campApurake samIpavartI parvatase, mahAvIra svAmIne pAvApurIse aura zeSa bIsa tIthaMkaroMne zrIsammedazikhara ( pArzvanAtha hila ) se nirvANa lAbha kiyA hai / sampratine ina nirvANa sthAnoMpara tathA apane janmasthAna bhAvU-virATa evaM apane kuTumbiyoMke samAdhisthAnoM para zilAlekha khudavAye haiN| isane apanA priya cihna hAthI pratyeka zilAlekhameM aGkita karAyA hai| hAthIke priya honekA kAraNa yaha hai ki pratyeka tIrthakarakI mAtAke solaha svapnoMmeM zveta hAthI prathama svapna hai / jainagranthoMmeM yaha bhI batAyA gayA hai ki sampratike janmake pUrva isakI mAtAne bhI zveta hAthIkA svapna dekhA thA, ataH ise hAthIkA cihna atyanta priya rahA / azokake nAmase pracalita caudaha zilAlekha sampratike hI haiM / varNana nimna prakAra hai| 1-kAlasI (zilAlekha, hAthI khudA huA hai)-AdinAtha (RSabhanAtha) tIrthakarakA mokSa sthAna aSTApada parvata batAyA hai| prAcInakAlakA aSTApada to devoMne naSTa kara diyA hai| samrAT priyadarzinake samayameM kAlasI' hI aSTApada mAnA jAtA thA; ataeva isakI talahaTImeM zilAlekha samrAT priyadarzinane khudvaayaa| 2-jUnAgar3ha ( giranArajI, zilAlekha aura hAthI utkINita hai )-bAIsaveM tIrthaMkara neminAthakA mokSasthAna giranAra parvata batAyA gayA hai| prAcIna parvatakI talahaTI dhIre-dhIre haTakara vartamAna giranAra parvatake sthAna para pahuMca gayI hai| samrAT priyadarzinake samayameM yaha talahaTI usI sthAna para thI, jisa para yaha zilAlekha aGkita hai| hamAre isa kathanako puSTi sudarzana tAlAbako prazastise bhI hotI hai / isameM batAyA gayA hai ki yaha tAlAba giranAra parvata kI talahaTImeM banavAyA gayA thaa| parantu Aja yaha giranArase dUra par3atA hai| 3-dhaulI (zilAlekha, sthUla hAthI aGkita hai)-jainAgamameM bIsa tIrthaMkaroMko nirvANa bhUmi zrIsammedazikhara ( pArzvanAtha hila ) ko mAnA gayA hai| samrAT priyadarzinake samayameM 1. yaha sthAna saMyukta pradezake deharAdUna jilemeM lagabhaga Der3hamIla dakSiNako ora jamunA aura ____Tosake saMgama para hai / hAthIkI mUtti ke nIce 'gajatamo' likhA hai / 2. giranArajIko talahaTImeM sudarzana nAmakA tAlAba hai, isake punaruddhAra sambandhI zilA lekhakA pITarsana sAhabane anuvAda karate hue kahA hai ki isa tAlAbako prathama samrATa candraguptake samayameM viSNuguptane banavAyA thaa| isake pazcAt isake cAroM orakI dIvAleM samrATa azokake samayameM tupasa nAmaka sattAdhArIne pahalI bAra sudharavAyI thii| tatpazcAt dUsarI bAra punaruddhAra priyadarzinke samayameM huaa| isa kathanameM candragupta, azoka aura priyadarzin ina tInoM zAsakoMke nAma Aye haiM / ataeva azoka aura priyadarzin ye do bhinna vyakti haiM / priyadarzin samprati hI thA, jainAgamameM isa nAmase isakA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / -jainasiddhAnta bhAskara bhAga 16 kiraNa 2 pR0 116, tathA bhAvanagarake saMskRta, prAkRta zilAlekha pR0 20 / 3. yaha sthAna Ajakala purI jilemeM bhuvanezvarase sAta mola dakSiNa gholI nAmaka gAMvake pAsa azvatthAmA pahAr3Ike nAmase prasiddha hai / eka caTTAnapara 11 prajJApana khude hai| hAthIke sAmanekI AdhI mUtti korakara banAyI gayI hai| chaThe prajJApanake antameM 'setoM' zabda bhI bhAyA hai|

Page #194
149 jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti pArzvanAtha hilakI talahaTI dhaulIke nikaTa yo / isI kAraNa samrATne isa pavitra kSetrako talahaTImeM zilAlekha khudavAyA thaa| isa zilAlekhake pAsa sthUla hAthIkI mUtti aMkita kI gayI hai, jo isa bAtako prakaTa karatI hai ki samrAT isa sthAnako anya sthAnoMkI apekSA vizeSa pavitra samajhatA thA, kyoMki isa parvataparase bIsa tIrthaGkaroMne nirvANa lAbha kiyA hai| prAcInakAlameM khaNDagiri, udayagiri sammedazikhara parvatake hI antargata the / khaNDagiri nAma svayaM isa bAtakA dyotaka hai ki pahAr3ake khaNDita ho jAne ke kAraNa hI yaha nAma par3A hai| mahArAja khAravelake sayayameM sammedazikhara parvatakI zreNiyA~ khaNDagiri, udayagiri taka thiiN| kaliMga nRpati khAravelane khaNDagiri hAthI guphAkA zilAlekha isI kAraNa khudavAyA thA ki vaha ise sammedazikhara parvatakA bhAga mAnatA thaa| 4. rUpanAtha' (laghu zilAlekha)-bArahaveM tIrthakara vAsupUjyako nirvANa bhUmi campApuroke Asa-pAsakA koI parvata thaa| isa campApurIko mahArAja kuNikane I0 pU0 524 meM basAyA thaa| yaha campAnagarI rUpanAtha aura bharahutake bIcameM thii| campAnagarIke nikaTake parvatakI talahaTI rUpanAthameM hI thI / yadyapi isa sthAnaparake lekha aspaSTa haiM tathA hAthIkA cihna bhI miTa gayA pratIta hotA hai| 5. pAvApurI-yaha antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmIko nirvANabhUmi hai / jisa prakAra anya tIrthaMkaroMne parvatake Upara dhyAnArUr3ha ho nirvANa lAbha kiyA thA, usa prakAra bhagavAn mahAvIrane nhiiN| inhoMne nirjana suramya vanake madhya padmasarovarase yukta pAvApurIke sthala bhAgase zukla dhyAna dvArA nirvANa lAbha kiyA hai / isa sthAnapara koI pahAr3a na honeke kAraNa samrAT samprati zilAlekha nahIM khudavA sakA hai / 6.7 zAhabAja gar3hI aura mAnaserA-ye donoM sthAna inake vaMzake logoMke mRtyu sthAna haiN| samrAT bindusArakA jyeSTha putra paMjAbake vidrohako zAnta karane gayA thaa| upadravakAriyoMne zAhabAja gar3hImeM isakI hatyA kara dI thii| samrAT sampratine isI kAraNa zAhabAja gar3hI meM zilAlekha aMkita kraayaa| mAnaserA samrATa azokake choTe bhAIkA mRtyu sthAna hai, vahA~ bhI kisI upadravako zAnta karane gayA thaa| 1. Ajakala rUpanAtha madhyapradezake jabalapura jilemeM mAnA jAtA hai, prAcIna campApurI rUpanAtha aura bharahutake madhyameM thI tathA vAsupUjya svAmIkA nirvANa bhI isI campApurIke nikaTavAlI pahAr3Ise huA thaa| 2. yaha gAMva pazcimottara sImAprAntake pezAvara jileko yusuphajaI tahasIlameM hai / isake pAsa eka caTTAnapara caudaha prajJApanAeM utkINita haiN| yaha pahAr3I pezAvarase 40 mIla uttara-pUrva hai| 3. yaha pazcimottara sImA prAntake hajArA jilemeM abaTAbAda nagarase 15 mIla uttarakI ora hai|

Page #195
150 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna 8. bhAbU' virATa-yaha rAjA priyadarzinakA janma sthAna hai| janmasthAnake premase prerita hokara priyadazinane isa sthAnapara zilAlekha aMkita karAyA thaa| 9. sAsArAma-yaha samrATa azokakA mRtyu sthAna hai| yahA~para pASANa khaNDoMpara zilAlekha aMkita karAyA gayA hai| isa lekhameM vIranirvANa saMvat 256 diyA gayA hai tathA isa samaya priyadarzinakI avasthA 32 // varSako batAyI gayI hai| 10. mAski-mahArAja azokake bhAI tiSya aura kumAra kuNAlake samAna avantimeM rahanevAle mAdhavasiMhakA yaha maraNa sthAna hai| isI kAraNa yahA~para zilAlekha aMkita karAyA hai| 11. 12. 13. siddhagiri , brahmagiri aura cittaladurga-mahArAja candragupta, bhadrabAhu svAmI aura kAnta munirAjake samAdhi-maraNoMko smRtike lie ina sthAnoMmeM lekha aMkita karAye haiM / yahA~ una tInoMkI mUrtiyA~ bhI vartamAna haiN| 14. sopArA -isa sthAnapara bhI kisI munikI samAdhi huI hai / yahA~para candraguptake sAthameM vihAra karanevAle kSemaMkara nAmaka munike samAdhi grahaNa karanekA ullekha bhI milatA hai, ataH isa sthAnapara priyadarzinane zilAlekha aMkita karAyA thaa| samrATa priyadarzinane janatAmeM dharma pracArake lie zilAlekhoMke atirikta stambha aura stUpa bhI sthApita kiye tathA stambhoMke Upara siMhako mUrti aMkita kara stambhalekha utkIrNa kraaye| jisa prakAra isane parvatoMkI zilAoMpara zilAlekhoMke lie nirvANa sthAna, samAdhi sthAna evaM apane janma sthAnako pasanda kiyA thA usI prakAra stambhoMke liye antima tIrthakara bhagavAn mahAvIrake tapa sthAna aura upasarga sthAnoMko pasanda kiyaa| stambha lekhoMmeM yaha nizcaya karanA kaThina hai ki samrAT sampratike stambha kauna-kauna hai; kyoMki mahArAja azokane bhI 8400 stambhoMkA nirmANa kiyA thA ataH samrAT samprati aura samrATa azoka ina donoMke stambhoMkA mizraNa ho gayA hai| phira bhI itanA sunizcita hai ki jina stambhoM para siMhakI mUrti hai, ve sabhI stambha samrAT sampratike haiN| isane antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIrake lAMchana siMhakI mUttiko stambhoMpara sthApita kiyA thaa| isakA abhiprAya yaha thA ki sAmAnya janatA bhI vIraprabhukA smaraNa unake lAMchana siMhako dekhakara kara sake / 1. yaha sthAna jayapura rAjyameM hai / jisa pattharapara yaha zilAlekha utkIrNa hai, vaha Ajakala ___kalakattekI baMgAla eziyATika sosAiTIke bhavanameM priMsepakI mUttike sAmane surakSita hai| 2. vihArake zAhAbAda jile meM hai / 3. yaha sthAna nijAma rAjyake rAyacUra jilemeM hai / 4. yaha sthAna uttara maisUrake cittaladurga jilemeM hai| 5. uttara maisUrake cittaladurga jilemeM yaha Ajakala hai / 6. yaha maisUra rAjyameM hai| 7. yaha bambaIke pAsa thAnA jilemeM hai|

Page #196
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 151 zrI DaoN. tribhuvanadAsajIne stUpoMke nirmANakA kAraNa batAyA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmIke nirvANake anantara unake paTTadhara AcArya yA anya pramukha jainadharmake pracAraka zrAvaka, jinhoMne samAdhimaraNa dhAraNa kiyA thA; ke agni saMskAra karake utpanna hue bhasmako surakSita rakhaneke liye ina stUpoMkA nirmANa samrAT samprati urpha priyadarzinane karAyA thaa| isI kAraNa ina stUpoMko bhasma karaNDaka kahA gayA hai| athavA yaha bhI sambhava hai ki mahAvIrake anantara hue jainAcAryoMke samAdhisthAnapara unakI bhasmako surakSita rakhane ke liye stUpoMkA nirmANa karAyA gayA ho / merA anumAna hai ki caubIsa tIrthaMkaroMke paJcakalyANaka sthAnoMpara sampratine stUpoMkA nirmANa karAyA thaa| yadyapi mere anumAnakI puSTi anya prabhANoMse nahIM hotI hai phira bhI aba taka jo stUpoMke dhvaMsAvazeSa prApta hue haiM, unase ukta anumAnako paryApta bala milatA hai| vartamAna rAjamudrA aura siMhastambha vartamAna rAjamudrA, jise bhArata sarakArane azokakI mudrA mAnakara svIkAra kiyA hai, vAstavameM samrAT sampratikI hai| samrAT samprati urpha priyadarzinane sAranAthameM jo stambha khar3A kiyA thA, usapara tIna siMhoMkI mUttiyA~, siMhoMke nIce dharmacakra tathA isake dAIM, bAI ora baila aura ghor3eko mUttiyA~ aMkita karAyI hai| isa mudrAke sabhI pratIkoMkA jaina saMskRtise sambandha hai| siMha antima tIrthakara bhagavAn mahAvIrakA lAMchana thA, ataH antima tIrthakarakI smRtikI liye siMhakI mUttiyoMko apanAyA thaa| ina mUttiyoMkA sanniveza bhI jaina saMskRtike pratIkoMke anusAra kiyA gayA hai| bIcavAlA siMha samyagdarzanakA pratIka hai tathA agalabagalake siMha, jinakA viruddha dizAoMkI ora mukha hai; samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritrake pratIka haiN| dharmacakrake dAI, bAIM ora rahanevAle baila aura ghor3ekA sambandha jainapratIkoMse hai / baila isa kAlake prathama tIrthaGkara bhagavAn RSabhadevakA lAMchana hai tathA ghor3A tRtIya tIrthaGkara saMbhavanAthakA lAMchana hai; samrAT sampratine dvitIya tIrthaGkara ajitanAthake cihna hAthIkA prayoga isaliye nahIM kiyA ki usane zilAlekhoMmeM hAthIkA prayoga kiyA thaa| ataH prathama aura tRtIya tIrthaGkarake cihnoMko aMkita kara apanI dharmabhAvanAkA paricaya diyaa| dharmacakrako bauddha saMskRtise prabhAvita itihAsakAra bauddhAmnAyakI maulika dena mAnate haiM, parantu vAstavikatA kucha aura hai| yaha jaina pratIka hai, prathama tIrthaGkara bhagavAn RSabhadevane takSazilAmeM isakA pravartana kiyA thaa| yadi yaha bauddha paramparAkA pratIka hotA to prAcIna pAlI sAhityameM isako avazya mahattvapUrNa sthAna milatA / prAcIna jainAgamameM jo ki nizcaya bauddhAgamase prAcIna haiM, dharmacakrakA ullekha milatA hai tathA yojana pramANa suvistRta sarvaratnamaya dharmacakrakI pUjA kiye jAnekA kathana vartamAna hai| dharmacakra prAcIna jaina mUttiyoMpara bhI aMkita milatA hai / kuSANakAlase lekara madhya kAla takakI jaina pratimAoMke nIce dharmacakrakA cihna avazya rahA hai / mugala kAlameM dhAtu pratimAeM bhI choTI banane lagI thIM, jisase isa sAMskRtika cihnako pratimA nirmAtA bhUla gye| paTanA myUjiyamameM eka dhAtukA sundara dharmacakra vartamAna hai, jo

Page #197
152 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna mAtavIM AThavIM zatAbdIkA hai / ArAke zrI AdinAtha jinAlaya, dhanupurAmeM zyAmavarNakI pratimAke nIce dharmacakra aMkita hai / jaina purANoMmeM batAyA gayA hai ki pratyeka tIrthakarake samavazaraNake daravAjepara sarvatobhadra yakSa dharmacakra apane sirapara lie khar3A rahatA thaa| ataH yaha nizcita hai ki dharmacakra jaina saMskRtikA pratIka hai / ___ ataeva vartamAna rAjamudrAkA jaina saMskRtise sambandha hai / bauddha saMskRtise khIMcatAna kara koI bhale hI sambandha jor3anekA upakrama kare, kintu tathya yahI hai ki samrAT sampratine isa mudrAko stambhapara aMkita karAyA thaa| gaNatantra bhAratane isa mudrAko azoka mudrAke mAmase svIkAra kiyA hai; para vAstavika itihAsako avagata kara ise jainamAnyatA milanI cAhiye /

Page #198
AdipurANa meM varNita nArI prastAvita kavi yA kalAkAra apane samaya kA pratinidhi hotA hai / vaha jisa yuga meM rahakara apane sAhityakA nirmANa karatA hai, usa yugako chApa usake sAhityapara avazya par3atI hai; phalataH hama kisI bhI mahAn sAhityakArako racanAmeM usa samayake pracalita rIti-rivAjoMkA samyaktayA avalokana kara sakate haiM / yahI kAraNa hai ki kisI bhI vizeSa yuga kA sAhitya usa yuga ke itihAsa nirmANa kA sundara upakaraNa hotA hai| Aja se 1110 varSa pahale jinasena nAmaka eka prakhyAta jainAcAryane AdipurANa nAmaka purANa granthakI racanA kI hai / isa purANameM dharma, darzana, kathA, itihAsa Adi ke sAtha usa samayakI nArIke sAmAjika, rAjanaitika, Arthika, dhArmika evaM sAMskRtika Adi vividha kSetroMkI sthiti kA sUkSma vizleSaNa kiyA hai / yadyapi usa yugameM bhI nArI jAtipara puruSa jAti vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika rUpa se anucita lAbha uThAtI thI, para nArIkI sthiti Ajase kahIM acchI aura sammAnapUrNa thI / nArI mAtra bhogaiSaNAkI pUrtikA sAdhana nahIM thI, use bhI svataMtra rUpase vikasita aura pallavita honekI pUrNa suvidhAe~ prApta thiiN| vaha svayaM apane bhAgyakI vidhAyikA thii| vaha jIvanameM puruSakI anugAminI banatI thI, dAsI nahIM / usakA apanA svataMtra vyaktitva thA, puruSake vyaktitvameM apanA vyaktitva use milA denA nahIM par3atA thaa| AjakI taraha usa samayakI nArI ko cUMghaTa DAlakara parde meM banda nahIM honA par3atA thaa| yahA~ paryApta pramANa dekara AcArya jinasenane nArIkI jisa sthiti kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai, usapara saMkSipta prakAza DAlA jAtA hai| kanyA kI sthiti jinasenane kanyAko mA~-bApakA abhizApa nahIM mAnA' / balki batAyA hai ki samAja meM kanyAkI sthiti Ajase kahIM acchI thii| yadya pi jinasenakI racanAse yaha dhvanita hotA hai ki usa samayake samAjameM kanyAkI mahattA putrakI apekSA kama hI thI phira bhI kanyA parivArake lie maMgala mAnI jAtI thI isa kathanakI siddhike liye hamAre nimna pramANa haiM, jinake AdhArapara yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki vaidika AcAryoMkI apekSA jinasenane kanyAko parivArake liye gauravasvarUpa batAyA hai| (1) jabaki manusmati Adi granthoMmeM SoDaza saMskAroMmeM puMsavana saMskArako mahattA dI gaI hai vahA~ jinasenane isa saMskArakI gaNanA hI nahIM kii| isase spaSTa hai ki jinasenakI dRSTimeM kanyA aura putra donoM tulya the| AdipurANa (38 parva zloka 76)meM batAyA gayA hai patnImRtumatI , snAtAM puraskRtyarhadijyayA / santAnArthaM vinA rAgAt dampatibhyAM nyaveyatAm // 1. pitarau tAM prapazyanto nitarAM prItimApatuH / kalAmiva sudhAsUteH janatAnandakAriNIm / -AdapurANa parva 6, zloka 83 20

Page #199
154 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna isa prakaraNameM garbhAdhAna, prIti, suprIti, dhRti, moda, pramoda, tAma karma, bahiryAna, niSadhA, anna prAzana, vyuSTi, caula, lipi-saMkhyAna saMskAroMkA ullekha kiyA hai| (2) kanyAoMkA lAlana-pAlana evaM unakI zikSA-dIkSA bhI putroMke samAna hI hotI thI / bhagavAn RSabhadeva apanI brAhmI aura sundarI nAmakI putriyoMko zikSA deneke liye prerita karate hue kahate haiM vidyAvAn puruSo loke sammatiM yAti kovidaH / nArI ca tadvatI dhatte strIsRSTeragrimaM padam // -(16 parva zlo0 982) tad vidyAgrahaNe yatnaM putrike kurutaM yuvAm / / tatsaMgrahaNakAlo'yaM yuvayorvartate'dhunA // -(parva 16 zlo0 102) ityuktvA muhurAzAsya vistIrNe hempttttke| adhivAsya svacittasthAM zrutadevIM saparyayA / / vibhuH karadvayenAbhyAM likhannakSaramAlikAm / upAdizallipi saMkhyAsthAnaM cAkairanukramAt // -(pa0 16-103, 104) ina uddharaNoMse spaSTa hai ki bhagavAn RSabhadevane apane putroMkI apekSA kanyAoMkI zikSAkA pahale prabandha kiyA thA / aMka vidyA aura akSara vidyAmeM brAhmI aura sundarI ne pUrNatayA pANDitya prApta kiyA thaa| (3) vivAhake avasara para vara-varaNakI svataMtratA kanyAoMko prApta thI / AdipurANa meM aise aneka sthala haiM jinase siddha hai ki svayaMvaroM meM kanyAe~ prastuta hokara svecchAnusAra varakA varaNa karatI thiiN| aise bhI pramANa upalabdha haiM ki kanyAe~ AjIvana avivAhitA rahakara samAjakI sevA karatI huI apanA AtmakalyANa karatI thiiN| brAhmI aura sundarIne kaumArya avasthAmeM hI dIkSA grahaNakara Atma-kalyANa kiyA thaa| usa samaya samAjameM kanyAkA vivAhitA ho jAnA Avazyaka nahIM thaa| rAjaparivAroMke atirikta janasAdhAraNameM bhI kanyAkI sthiti Ajase kahIM acchI thii| kanyAeM vayaska hokara svecchAnusAra apane pitAkI sampattimeMse dAnAdikake kArya karatI thiiN| AdipurANa (parva 43, zloka 174, 175) meM batAyA gayA hai ki sulocanAne kaumArya avasthAmeM hI bahuta-sI ratnamayo pratimAoMkA nirmANa karAyA aura una pratimAoMkI pratiSThA karAke bRhat pUjanAbhiSeka kiyaa| (4) kanyAkA paitRka sampattimeM to adhikAra thA hI para vaha AjIvikAke liye svayaM bhI arjana kara sakatI thii| AjIvikA ajanake liye unheM mUrtikalA, citrakalAke sAtha aisI kalAoMkI bhI zikSA dI jAtI thI jisase ve apane bharaNa-poSaNake yogya arjana kara sakatI thiiN| pitA putrIse usake vivAhake avasara para to sammati letA hI thA para AjIvikA arjanake sAdhanoMpara bhI usase sammati letA thaa| AdipurANake evaM parvameM batAyA hai ki vaz2adanta

Page #200
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 155 cakravartI apanI kanyA zrImatIko bulAkara use nAnA prakArase samajhAtA huA kalAoM ke sambandhameM carcA karatA hai| gRhiNI kI sthiti vivAhake anantara vadhU gRhasthAzramameM praviSTa ho gRhiNI pada prApta karatI thI / vivAha bhI sAdhAraNatayA kisI pavitra sthAnameM hotA thaa| puNyAzrame kvacit siddhapratimAbhimukhaM tayoH / dampatyoH parayA mUlyA kAryaH pANigrahotsavaH / / -(parva38, zloka 129) arthAt tIrthasthAnameM yA siddha pratimAke sammukha vivAhotsava sampanna kiyA jAtA thaa| vivAhakI dIkSAmeM niyukta varavadhU deva aura agnikI sAkSIpUrvaka sAta dina taka brahmacaryavrata dhAraNa karate the phira apane yogya kisI dezameM prayANakara athavA tIrthabhUmimeM jAkara pratijJAbaddha ho gRhasthAzramameM praviSTa hote the| daheja AdikI prathA samAjameM bilkula nahIM thii| hA~, eka bAta avazya thI ki vivAha karanemeM kabhI-kabhI kaThinAiyoMkA sAmanA karanA par3atA thaa| vivAhitA strI apane parivArako saba tarahase vyavasthA karatI thii| usa samaya vivAha vAsanAko pUrtikA sAdhana nahIM thA kintu saMtati utpatti ke liye vivAha Avazyaka mAnA jAtA thaa| prajAsantatyavicchede tanute dharmasantatiH / manuSva mAnavaM dharma tato devemamacyuta / / devamaM gRhiNAM dharmaM viddhi dArAparigraham / santAnarakSaNe yatnaH kAryo hi gRhamedhinAm // -(parva 15, zloka 63-64) (1) vivAhitA striyoMkI veza-bhUSA aneka prakArakI thii| rAjaparivAra evaM dhanika parivAroMkI mahilAe~ maNimANikya, svarNa, rajatake nupUra, karadhanI, karNaphUla evaM hArako dhAraNa karatI thiiN| manovinodake liye phUloMke AbhUSaNa aura mAlAe~ bhI dhAraNa karatI thiiN| rezamI vastra tathA mahIna sUtI vastroMko bhI dhAraNa karatI thiiN| sAdhAraNa parivAroMmeM phUloMke AbhUSaNoM ke sAtha-sAtha kama kImatake dhAtuoMke AbhUSaNa bhI pahane jAte the / prakRtikI godameM pradhAna rUpa se vicaraNa karaneke kAraNa phUlapattiyoMse usa samaya nAriyoMko adhika prema thaa| (2) puruSa ekase adhika vivAha karatA thA tathA antaHpuroMmeM sapatniyoMmeM prAyaH kalaha hotA rahatA thA jisase kabhI kabhI gharelU jIvana duHkhamaya bana jAtA thA / bahu vivAha kI prathAke kAraNa rAjaparivAroMmeM striyoMko kaSTakA sAmanA karanA par3atA thaa| yadyapi sAmAnya parivAroMmeM bahu vivAhakI prathA nahIM thI kevala dhanika parivAroM meM hI bahu vivAha hote the| 1. prasUnaracitAkalpAvataMsIkRtapallavAH / kusumAvacaye saktAH saJcarantIritastataH // lasaddukUlavasanaH vipulairjadhanasthalaiH / sakAJcIbaMdhanaiH kAmanapakArAlayAmitaH // Adi parva 18 zlo0 204, 195, 196

Page #201
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAnaM (3) vivAhita strIko bhI ghUmane-phiranekI pUrNa svataMtratA thI / vivAhitA striyA~ apane patiyoMke sAtha to vana vihAra karatI hI thIM para kabhI kabhI ekAkI bhI vana vihArake lie jAtI thIM / 156 (4) pati se hI strIkI zobhA nahIM thI, balki pati bhI strIse zobhita hotA thA / AdipurANa caturtha parva 132 veM zloka meM batAyA gayA hai ki manohararAnI apane pati atibalake lie hAsyarUpI puSpase zobhAyamAna latA ke samAna priya thI aura jinavANIke samAna hita cAhane vAlI ora yazako bar3hAne vAlI thI / parva 6, zloka 95 meM batAyA gayA haisa tayA kalpavallyeva surAgo'laMkRto nRpaH / (5) gRhastha jIvana meM pati-patniyoMmeM kalaha bhI hotA thA striyA~ prAyaH rUTha jAyA karatI thIM / patiyoM dvArA striyoMke manAye jAnekA varNana karatA huA kavi kahatA hai praNayakopavijihnamukhIrvadhUH anunayanti sadA'tra nabhazcarAH // iha mRNAlaniyojitabandharnariha vataMsasaroruhatADanaiH / iha mukhAsavasecanakaiH priyAn vimukhayanti rate kupitAH striyaH // ( parva 19, zloka 94-95 ) (6) striyA~ vrata upavAsa atyadhika karatI thiiN| Arambha meM hI bar3e-bar3e vratoM ko kiyA karatI thIM / paMcakalyANakavrata, solahakAraNa vrata, jinendra-guNa-sampattivrata ke karanekI adhika prathA thI | AdipurANake chaThaveM parva meM batAyA gayA hai ki manasvinI svayaMprabhAne aneka vratopavAsa kiye / usa samaya nAriyA~ AryikA aura kSullikAkI padavI dhAraNa karatI thIM tathA ve sadA isake lie utsuka rahatI thIM ki kaba unheM AtmakalyANa karanekA avasara prApta ho / 46 veM parva ke 76 veM zloka meM batAyA gayA hai ki priyadattAne vipulamati nAmake cAraNa RddhidhArI muniko navadhA bhaktipUrvaka AhAra diyA aura munise pUchA ki prabho mere tatrakA samaya samIpa hai yA nhiiN| isase spaSTa hai ki usa samaya sAMsArika bhogoMkI apekSA AtmakalyANako striyA~ adhika mahattA detI thIM aura parivAra meM dharmAtmA viduSI mahilAoMkA adhika sammAna hotA thA / (7) durAcAriNI striyoMko samAjameM niMdya dRSTise dekhA jAtA thA tathA pApake phalasvarUpa unakA samAjase niSkAsana bhI hotA thA / 47 veM parva meM batAyA gayA hai ki samudradattakI strI sarvadayitAko usake jyeSTha sAgaradattane bhramavaza gharase nikAla diyA thA aura usake putrako kula kA kalaMka samajha bhRtya dvArA anyatra bhijavA diyA thA / (8) striyoMkA apamAna samAjameM mahAn aparAdha mAnA jAtA thA / sabhI striyoMko sammAnakI dRSTise dekhate the / koI bhI unakA apamAna nahIM kara sakatA thaa| pati apane bAhubalase strIke bharaNa poSaNake sAtha usakA saMrakSaNa bhI karatA thA / tetAlIsaveM parvake 99 veM zloka meM batAyA gayA hai : na sahante nanu strINAM tiryaJco'pi parAbhavam / 1. snecarI janasaMcArasaMkrAntapadayAvakaH / raktAmbujopahArazrIryatra nityaM vitanyate // - parva 4 zlo0 86

Page #202
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 157 yaha to carcA huI striyoMkI mahattAke sambandhameM, para kucha pramANa aise bhI upalabdha hote haiM jinase pratIta hotA hai ki jinasenake samayameM nArI parigrahake tulya mAnI jAne lagI thii| isI kAraNa sAtaveM parvake 196, 197 veM zlokameM nArIkI svataMtratAkA apaharaNa karate hue balapUrvaka vivAha karanekI bAta kahI gaI hai| __ athavaitat khalUktvAyaM sarvathA'rhati kanyakAm / hasantyAzca rudantyAzca prAghUrNaka iti zruteH // striyoMke svabhAvakA vizleSaNa karate hue (parva 43, zloka 105-113) meM batAyA gayA hai ki striyA~ svabhAvataH caMcala, kapaTI, krodhI aura mAyAcAriNI hotI hai / puruSoMko striyoMkI bAtoM para vizvAsa na kara vicArapUrvaka kArya karanA cAhiye / vAsanAke AvezameM Akara nAriyA~ dharmakA parityAga kara detI haiN| eka aura sabase bar3e maje kI bAta to yaha hai ki striyoMko bhI puruSoMkI zakti para vizvAsa nahIM hai| 6veM parvake 169 veM zlokameM batAyA gayA hai ki strI hI strIkA vipattise. uddhAra kara sakatI hai strINAM vipatpratIkAre striya evAvalambanam / isase yaha bhI dhvanita hotA hai ki usa samaya striyoMmeM sahayoga aura sahakAritAko bhAvanA atyadhika thii| nArIko nArIke Upara aTUTa vizvAsa thA isalie nArI apanI sahAyatA ke lie puruSoMkI apekSA nahIM karatI thii| vezyAoMkI sthitike sambandhameM bhI jinasenane pUrA prakAza DAlA hai / vezyAeM madhapAna karatI thIM tathA samAjameM unakI sthiti Ajase kahIM acchI thii| mAMgalika avasaroMpara tathA dhArmika avasaroMpara vezyAeM bulAI jAtI thIM / inakI gaNanA zubhazakunake rUpameM kI gaI hai abhizApake rUpameM nhiiN| jaba bhagavAn RSabhadeva dIkSAke lie calane lage to eka ora dikakumArI deviyAM maMgala dravya lekara khar3I thIM to dUsarI ora vastrAbhUSaNa pahane huI uttama vArAMganAe~ maMgala dravya lekara prastuta thiiN| ekato maMgaladravyadhAriNyo dikkumArikAH / anyataH kRtanepathyA vAramukhyA varazriyaH / / bhagavAnke niSkramaNa kalyANakake avasaraparasalIlapadavinyAsamanyetA vArayoSitAm / (parva 17, zloka 86) janma aura vivAhake avasara para bhI vezyAoM dvArA maMgala gIta gAye jAnekI prathA kA ullekha hai / sAtaveM parvake 243, 244 veM zlokameM "maMgalodgAnamAtenuH vAravadhvaH kalaM tadA" se siddha hai ki mahotsavoMmeM vArAMganAoM kA AnA Avazyaka sA thA / mujhe to aisA pratIta hai ki ye dhArmika mahotsavoMpara sammilita hone vAlI vArAMganAe~ devadAsiyA~ hI haiN| yaha jinasenAcAryakA sAhasa hai ki unhoMne devadAsiyoMko khule rUpase vArAMganA ghoSita kiyA kyoMki isI graMthameM vezyAoMkA eka dUsarA citra bhI milatA hai jisameM unheM tyAjya evaM nindya batAyA gayA

Page #203
158 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna bhAratIya saMskatike vikAmameM jaiH hai / ataH spaSTa hai ki samAja meM do prakArakI vezyAoMkI sthiti thii| prathama ve jo kevala nRtya, gAyaka AdikA kArya karatI thIM aura jo dhArmika athavA mAMgalika avasaroM para bulAyI jAtI thoM aura dvitIya ve vezyAeM thIM jo dhanake lie apane zIlako becatI thiiN| ataH prathama prakArakI vezyAeM usa samayakI devadAsiyoMse bhinna anya nahIM haiM / usa samaya striyoMmeM madyapAnakA bhI pracAra thA / jo striyA~ madyapAna nahIM karatI thIM ve zrAvikA mAnI jAtI thIM / 44 veM parvake 290 veM zlokameM batAyA hai dUrAdevAtyajan snigdhAH zrAvikA vA''savAdikam / isI parvake 289 veM zlokameM batAyA gayA hai ki madya ke samAna sammAna aura dharmako naSTa karane vAlA aura koI padArtha nahIM hai / yahI socakara IrSyAlu, kalahakAriNI, sapatniyoMne apanI sahavAsiniyoMko khUba madya pilaayaa| kucha striyAM to vAsanAko uttejita karaneke lie madyapAna kiyA karatI thiiN| vRthAbhimAnavidhvaMsI nAparaM madhunA binaa| kalahAntaritA kAzcitsakhIbhiratipAyitAH // madhu dviguNitasvAdu pItaM kAntakarArpitam // (parva 44, zloka 289) jananI kI sthiti jananI rUpa nArIko jinasenane bar3e AdarakI dRSTise dekhA hai| indrANIne jananI rUpameM marudevIkI stuti kI hai usase spaSTa siddha hai ki jananI rUpa nArI pratyeka naranArI dvArA vandanIya hai / 15veM parvake 131veM zlokameM batAyA gayA hai ki "garbhavatI strIkA samAjameM vizeSa dhyAna rakkhA jAtA hai / usake dohadako pUrNa karanA pratyeka patikA parama kartavya hai / " AcAryane kahA hai: tvamamba bhuvanAmbAsi kalyANI tvaM sumaMgalA / mahAdevI tvamevAdya tvaM sapuNyA yazasvinI // prajAsantatyavicchade tanute dharmasaMtatiH / manuSva mAnavaM dharma tato devemamacyuta // devemaM gRhiNAM dharma viddhi dArAparigraham / santAnarakSaNe yatnaH kAryo hI gRhamedhinAm // isase spaSTa hai ki santatiko janma dene vAlI mAtA sarvathA vandya aura pUjanIya thii| mAMko apane putrake vivAhake avasarapara sabase adhika prasannatA hotI thI jaisA ki Aja bhI dekhA jAtA hai| 15veM parvake 73veM zlokameM batAyA hai-"dArakarmaNi putrANAM prItyutkarSoM hi yoSitAm" / ataH siddha hai ki mAMko navIna putravadhUke prApta honemeM sabase adhika prasannatA hotI hai / 7 veM parvake 205 veM zlokameM batAyA hai ki vasundharAko apane putrake vivAhake avasara para parama harSa huaa| usakA roma roma harSa vibhora ho utthaa| ataH spaSTa hai ki jananI gRhasvAminIke uttaradAyitva pUrNa padakA nirvAha karatI huI navIna badhUke svAgatake lie sadA

Page #204
jaina tIrtha itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti utsuka rahatI hai / santAnakI prAptise mAtAko jitanI prasannatA hotI hai usase kahIM bar3hakara vadhUke AnemeM / bhagavAn RSabhadevakI mAtA marudevIko apane putrako vadhU prAptike lie atyadhika utsukatA thI / vRddhA jananIkI eka jhalaka hameM usa samaya milatI hai jaba dekhate haiM ki navIna vadhUke Ate hI vaha use apanA uttaradAyitvapUrNa pada sauMpa detI hai aura svayaM dharma sAdhanameM laga jAtI hai / gRhasthIke samasta moha jAlase chuTakArA pAkara vaha jinadIkSA grahaNa karatI hai| 83 parvake 86veM zlokameM batAyA hai "tadeva nanu pANDityaM yatsaMsArAt samuddhare" kA cintana kara paNDitAne davadanta cakravartIke sAtha hI dIkSA grahaNa kara lii| vidhavA kI sthiti jinasenAcAryane vidhavA nArIko sthitike sambandhameM vizeSa prakAza nahIM DAlA hai / kucha hI aise sthala haiM jinase vidhavA nArIkI sAmAjika aura dhArmika sthitikA patA lagatA hai / samAjameM usa samaya vidhavA nArIko apazakuna nahIM samajhA jAtA thA, use samAja Adara aura sammAnakI dRSTise dekhatA thaa| vidhavAeM bhI dharma sAdhanameM apanA avazeSa jIvana vyatIta karatI thoM, tathA vratopavAsa dvArA apanA Atmazodhanakara svargAdika sukhoMko prApta hotI thIM / AcAryane 6veM parvake 54-55veM zlokameM lalitAMgadevakI mRtyuke anantara svayaMprabhAkI carcA evaM kAryakalApoMkA citraNakara vidhavA nArIke kAryakramakA eka spaSTa citra prastuta kara diyA hai / batAyA gayA hai ki lalitAMgakI mRtyu ke pazcAt svayaMprabhA saMsArake bhogoMse virakta ho Atmazodhana karane lgii| yaha manasvinI bhavya jIvoMke samAna 6 mahInetaka jina pUjA meM udyata rahI tadanantara saumanasa vana sambandhI pUrva dizAke jinamandiroMmeM caityavRkSake nIce paMcaparameSThIkA smaraNa karate hue samAdhimaraNa dhAraNa kiyA SaNmAsAn jinapUjAyAmudyatA'bhUnmanasvinI // tataH saumanasodyAnapUrvadijinamandire / mUle caityataroH samyak smarantI gurupaMcakam / samAdhinA kRtaprANatyAgA prAcyoSTa sA divaH / saM0 6 zlo0 55-57 isase spaSTa hai ki patikI mRtyu ke pazcAt strI apanA dharmamaya jIvana vyatIta karatI thii| vaha lokaSaNA aura dhaneSaNAse rahita hokara samAjakI sevA karate hue jIvanayApana karatI thii| ___ isa prakAra jinasenane nAroke sabhI pahaluoM para vicAra kiyA hai| unhoMne apane samayake nArI samAjakA eka sundara aura spaSTa citra prastuta kiyA hai /

Page #205
tIrthaMkaroMkI paJcakalyANaka tithiyA~ di0 jaina samAjameM tIrthaMkaroMkI paJcakalyANaka tithiyoMkI mAnyatAmeM bahuta matabheda hai / isakA pradhAna kAraNa tiloyapaNNatti jaise prAcIna granthoMkA bhaNDAroMmeM par3A rahanA, unakA eka prakArase lopa ho jAnA tathA uttarapurANa, harivaMzapurANa, padmapurANa Adi purANa anyoMke AdhAra.para hindI bhASAke kaviyoM dvArA paJcakalyANaka tithiyoMkA nirUpaNa karanA hI mAnA jA sakatA hai / tulanAtmaka dRSTise vicAra karanepara tiloyapaNNatti dvArA pratipAdita tithiyomeM bhI kucha tithiyA~ azuddha pratIta hotI haiM / purANoM meM nirUpita tithiyoMmeM to kaI sthAnoMpara bhUla hai / ataH yaha bAvazyaka hai ki gaNita aura jyotiSakI dRSTise jo tithiyA~ jisa kalyANakako jisa granthake AdhArase ThIka siddha hoM, unhIMko prAmANikatA milanI cAhie / ataH dhArmika parva aura vidhAnoMkA sampAdana zuddha tithimeM karanepara hI puNyAtizayarUpa phalako prApti hotI hai / itihAsake lie bhI ina tithiyoMkI mahattA atyadhika hai / bhagavAn RSabhadevakA garbhakalyANaka ASADhakRSNA dvitIyA uttarASAr3hA nakSatrameM huA hai| yaha mAnyatA sabhI purANoMkI hai tathA hindIke kaviyoMne bhI isI tithikA ullekha kiyA hai| nakSatra aura tithike saMyoga dvArA hI kisI tithikI prAmANikatA jAnI jAtI hai / ataH jyotiSake AdhArapara isa tithikI zuddhatAkI parIkSA karanepara yaha zuddha pratIta hotI hai / kyoMki jyeSThA nakSatra usa samaya jyeSTha zuklA caturdazIkI rAtrimeM udita huA thA tathA pUrNimAko udayakAlameM bhI jyeSThA hI thaa| pratipadA tithiko mUla nakSatra rahA hai isI tithiko rAtrike gyAraha baje pUrvASAr3hA dikhalAI par3A thA kyoMki isa varSa ASAr3ha kRSNa pakSameM do pratipadAeM huii| thIM / ataH prathama pratipadAko mUla aura dUsarI pratipadAko udayameM pUrvASAr3hA nakSatra rahA thA agale dina dvitIyA tithike udayameM Ate hI uttarASAr3hA nakSatra A gayA thA / ataeva jyotiSadRSTise bhagavAn RSabhadevake garbhakalyANakakI tithi ASAr3ha kRSNA dvitIyA uttarASAr3hA nakSatravAlI zuddha hai| ___AdinAtha svAmIkA janmakalyANaka tiloyapaNNatti, AdipurANa Adi sabhI granthoMmeM caitrakRSNA navamI uttarASAr3hA nakSatra batAyA gayA hai / parIkSA karanepara yaha tithi bhI zubha jaMcatI hai / ataH phAlguna pUrNimAke dina pUrvAphAlgunI nakSatra thaa| pUrNimAke candra mAne pUrvAphAlgunI aura uttarAphAlgunI ina donoM nakSatroMkA bhoga kiyA thaa| isase tAtparya yaha nikalA ki pUrNimAkI rAtri pUrvAphAlgunIke anta honepara uttarAphAlgunI A gayA thA tathA caitrakRSNA 1. ASAr3hAsitapakSasya dvitIyAyAM surottamaH / uttarASADhanakSatre devyA garbhasamAzritaH ||-aadi0 parva 12 zlo0 63 ttippnn| 2. jAdo hu avajjhAe usaho marudeviNAbhirAehiM / ghettAsiyaNavamIe Nakkhatte uttarAsAr3he / / 4.526 3. caitre mAsyasite pakSe navamyAmudaye raviH / vizve brahmamahAyoge jagatAmekavallabham // 13/2-3

Page #206
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti pratipadAkA udaya uttarAphAlgunImeM huA thA / lenepara navamI tithiko uttarASAr3hA nakSatra A bhI sahI hai / 161 aba yahA~se nakSatra aura tithiyoMkI gaNanA kara jAtA hai, ataH jyotiSakI dRSTise yaha tithi bhagavAn AdinAthane caitrakRSNA navamIke dina uttarASAr3hA nakSatrameM dIkSA grahaNa kI thI / yaha tithi bhagavAn ke tapakalyANaka kI hai / tiloyapaNNatti, AdipurANa, purANasArasaMgraha Adi granthoMmeM isI tithikA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| jyotiSakI dRSTise bhI yaha tithi zuddha hai / bhagavAn ne dIkSA dopaharake eka baje grahaNa kI thii| kyoMki isa dina do bajeke uparAnta zravaNa nakSatrakA AraMbha ho jAtA hai| aparAhnakAla inakI dIkSAkA samaya nahIM ho sakatA hai / ataH navamI tithi bhI do bajeke uparAnta samApta ho jAtI hai / tiloyapaNNatti meM tIsare praharakA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai; para yaha gaNitase samaya eka bajekA hI AtA hai / bhagavAn RSabhadevako kevalajJAnakI utpatti phAlguna kRSNA ekAdazI uttarASAr3hA nakSatra meM pUrvA kAlameM purimatAla nagara meM huI thI / upalabdha sabhI di0 jaina sAhitya isa tithipara eka mata haiM / jyotiSa kI dRSTise parIkSA karanepara pratIta hotA hai ki mAghI pUrNimAke dina maghA nakSatra thA, isa tithiko candramAke udayake samaya maghA avazya thA, kintu candramAke astakAla meM pUrvAphAlgunI A gayA thA tathA phAlguna kRSNA pratipadAkA udaya pUrvAphAlgunImeM huA thA / isa kramase pratipadAse ekAdazI taka gaNanA karanepara phAlguna kRSNA ekAdazIko uttarASAr3hA nakSatra A jAtA hai / pUrvAhna samayakA ullekha bhI ucita hai, kyoMki tithi, nakSatrakA yoga pUrvAhna meM hI milatA hai / ataeva jyotiSa kI dRSTise yaha tithi zuddha hai / AdinAthasvAmIko nirvANatithi mAghakRSNA caturdazI uttarASAr3hA nakSatra yukta mAnI gayI hai tathA nirvANakAla pUrvAhnakAla hai / AdipurANa prabhRti purANoMkI bhI yahI mAnyatA hai | vicAra karanepara jJAta hotA hai ki pauSa mAsa kI pUrNimAko candramA puSya nakSatra meM thA / puSyase AgevAle zleSA nakSatra se gaNanA karanepara uttarASAr3hA terahavA~ nakSatra huA aura pratipadA se caturdazI kI saMkhyA 14 huI / ata: isa hisAba se trayodazIko hI uttarASAr3hA par3a jAtA hai / para gaNitase ukta sthiti meM mAghakRSNA SaSThI tithikA kSaya hai, ataeva uttarASAr3hA nakSatrameM caturdazI A jAtI hai / isa prakAra pracalita mAnyatAke anusAra bhagavAn RSabhadevakI paJcakalyANaka tithiyA~ jyotiSa kI dRSTise zuddha haiM / 1. cettAsidaNavamIe tadie paharammi uttarAsAr3he / siddhakaNe usaho' uvavAse chaTThamammi NikkaMto // 2. phagguNakiNheyArasapuvvaNhe purimatAlaNaya rammi | uttarasADhe usahe uppaNNaM kevalaM gANaM // - tiloyapaNNatti 4.679 3. mAghassa kiNhacauddasipuvvaNhe giyayajammaNakkhate / aTThAvayammi saho AnudeNa samaM gao gomi / tiloyaNAsI 4.115 21

Page #207
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vA GmayakA avadAna ajitanAthakA garbhakalyANaka jyeSTha mAsakI amAvasyA tithimeM rohiNI nakSatra ke rahanepara mAnA gayA hai| uttarapurANa tathA anya purANa granthoMkI yahI mAnyatA hai / jyotiSakI dRSTise UhApoha karanepara yaha tithi zuddha hai / kyoMki isa mahInekI amAvAsyAko candramA rohiNI nakSatrake sAtha rahatA hai tathA pUrNimA jyeSThA nakSatra meM hotI hai / rohiNIse jyeSThA pandrahavA~ nakSatra aura amAvAsyA se pUrNimA solahavIM tithi AtI hai / para jyotiSa meM tithikA madhyama mAna 54 ghaTI aura nakSatrakA 60 ghaTI hotA hai, jisase isa mahInekI jyeSTha kRSNA navamI do tithiyA~ huI haiM / ataH amAvAsyAko rohiNIkA astitva rAtri paryanta hai / 162 ajitanAtha svAmI kI janmatithi mAgha zuklA dazamI rohiNI nakSatra yukta mAnI gayI hai / tiloya paNNatti, uttarapurANa Adi sabhI granthoMkA yahI mata hai / yaha tithi bhI jyotiSa ke anusAra zuddha hai / kyoMki gaNitake anusAra mAghI pUrNimAko sUryodaya ke samaya AzleSA nakSatra hI thA; kintu candramAke udaya honepara maghA nakSatra A gayA thA / rohiNI ke uttaravartI mRgazira nakSatrase gaNanA karane para zleSA pA~cavA~ nakSatra AtA hai tathA ekAdazIse ginanepara pUrNimA bhI pA~cavIM tithi hai / ataeva nakSatra aura tithikA samanvaya ho jAnese ukta janma tithi zuddha hai / hindI kavi manaraMgalAlane ajitanAtha svAmIkA janmakalyANaka mAghakRSNA dazamIko mAnA hai, para yaha azuddha mAnyatA hai / ajitanAtha bhagavAnkA tapakalyANa mAgha zuklA navamI rohiNI nakSatrameM huA thA / dIkSAkAla aparAhna kA samaya batalAyA gayA hai / uttarapurANa kI bhI mAnyatA yahI hai / jyotiSakI vicArasAraNi dvArA yaha tithi siddha ho jAtI hai / kyoMki pauSakI pUrNimAko puSya nakSatra thA / isa nakSatrase gaNanA karanepara navamIke dina rohiNI nakSatra A jAtA hai / hindI meM kavi manaraMgane mAghakRSNA" dazamI tathA vRndAvanane mAghazuklA dazamI dIkSAkI tithiyA~ batalAI haiM, jo azuddha haiM / ajitanAtha bhagavAnko kevalajJAnako utpatti tiloyapaNNattameM pauSa zuklA caturdazIke 1. jyeSThe mAsi kalAzeSazazirohiNyupAgame / muhUrttAdbrahmaNaH pUrvaM dara nidrAvilekSaNAm // - uttarapurANa 48-21 2. mAghassa sukkapaSakhe rohiNirikkhammi dasami divasamma / sAkede ajiyajiNo jAdo jiyasattu vijayAdi / - tilo0 4-527 3. mAghassa sukkaNavamI avaraNhe rohiNIsu ajiyajiNo / ramme sahedugavaNe apayattammi NikkaMto // / 4, 645 zi0 4. mAghe mAse site pakSe rohiNyAM navamI dine / V sahetuke vane saptaparNadrumasamIpagaH // uttarapurANa parva 48, zlo0 38 tA dina dikSA leta / 5. mAghabadI dasamI kahI, ajita prabhu ko argha le, pUjauM bhAva sameta / - manaraMga satyArthayajJa 6. mAgha sudI dazamI tapadvArA / bhava tana bhoga anitya vicArA / - vRndAvanakRta caubIsI vidhAna 7. pussassa sukkacoddasi avarale rohiNimmi Nakkhatte / ajiyajiNe uppaNNaM anaMtaNANaM sahedugammi vaNe / / - ti0 4-680

Page #208
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 163 / aparAhnakAlameM rohiNI nakSatrake rahate hue sahetuka vanameM huI kahA hai / uttara purANa meM pauSa zuklA ekAdazI' sandhyA samaya rohiNI nakSatrako kevalajJAnakI utpattikA kAla kahA hai / hindI kavi vRndAvanane pauSa zukla caturthI aura manaraMgalAlane pauSa zuklA ekAdazIko kevalajJAnakI utpatti tithiyA~ likhA hai jyotiSa kI dRSTise vicAra karanepara tiloyapaNNatta meM nirUpita tithi azuddha pratIta hotI hai, kyoMki poSa zuklA pUrNimAko candroda ke samaya puSya nakSatra rahatA hai / isa dina sUryodaya kAlameM punarvasu raha sakatA hai, kintu candrodaya ke sama puSyakA A jAnA niyAmaka hai / pauSa zuklA caturdazIko rohiNI nakSatra rahaneke kAraNa pUrNimAko sUryodaya kAlameM punarvasu aura candrodaya kAla meM puSyakA AnA asaMbhava hai / yaha sthiti mRgazirA aura ArdrAkI rahegI / ekAdazIko rohiNI nakSatrake rahanepara pUrNimAko puSya A jAtA hai, jo sUryodaya kAlameM candrodayakAla taka rahatA hai / ataeva uttara purANa aura kavi manaraMgakI mAnyatA zuddha hai / jyotiSake dvArA ajitanAtha bhagavAnkI kevalajJAna tithi pauSa zuklA ekAdazI hI AtI hai / kavi vRndAvanakI mAnyatA to aura bhI azuddha hai / bhagavAn ajitanAthakI nirvANa prApti tithi tiloya paNNatti meM caitra zuklA paJcamIke dina pUrvAhna meM bharaNI nakSatrake rahate hue batalAyI gayI hai / uttara purANameM caitra zuklA paJcamI", rohiNI nakSatra tathA prAtaHkAlakA samaya nirvANakA kAla mAnA hai / hindI kaviyoM ne bhI isI tithiko ina ajitanAtha bhagavAnkI kevalajJAna tithi mAnA hai / jyotiSakI prakriyA dvArA vicAra karanepara pratIta hotA hai ki paJcamIko bharaNI nakSatra hI AtA hai, rohiNI nahIM / kyoMki isa mahIneke zuklapakSameM do saptamA tithiyA~ huI thIM / ataH caitrI pUrNimAke citrAnakSatra se viparIta krama (ulTI vidhi) dvArA gaNanA karanepara rohiNI nakSatra gyArahavA~ huA aura bharaNI bArahavA~ / paJcamIse bar3hI huI ( vRddhigata) tithi sahita ginanepara pUrNimA taka bAraha saMkhyA AtI hai / ataH paJcamIko bharaNI nakSatrakA hI rahanA zuddha hai / uttarapurANakArane rohiNIkA pATha, anya sabhI kalyANaka isI nakSatra meM hue hai, isIlie rakhA hai / ataeva sarva sammata tathA jyotiSakI prakriyA dvArA Agata caitra zuklA paMcamI inakI nirvANa tithi hai / 1. chAdmasthena nayannabdAnpauSe dvAdazazuddhadhIH / zuklaikAdazyahaH prAnte rohiNyAmAptatAmagAt / / --utta0 48-42 2. pauSasudI tithi cautha suhAyo / tribhuvanabhAnu sukevala jAyo // - vRndAvana caubIsI vidhAna 3. pUSa sudI ekAdazI, tA dina kevala pAya / - manaraMga - satyArthayajJa 4. cettassa suddhapaMcamipuvvaNhe bharaNiNAmarikkhammi / sammeda ajiyajiNe mutti patto sahassasamaM / - tilo0 4, 1186 5. caitrajyotsnApakSe paMcamyAM rohiNIgate candre / pratimAyogaM bibhratpUrvAhNe'vApa muktipadam / / utta0 48 10, 52 zlo0 6. paMcami caitasudI niravAnA / nijagunarAja liyo bhagavAnA // - vRndAvanakRta cobIsI vidhAna caitra sudI pAca dinA, sammeda zikharate vIra / manaraMga satyArthayajJa

Page #209
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna uttara purANa meM tIsare tIrthakara saMbhavanAtha bhagavAnkA garbhakalyANaka phAlguna zuklA aSTamI' mRgazirA nakSatra mAnA gayA hai| hindI kaviyoMmeM vRndAvanane ina bhagavAn ke garbhakalyANakakI yahI tithi tathA manaraMgane phAlguna kRSNA' aSTamI batalAyI hai / jyotiSa kI dRSTi vicAra karanepara phAlguna zukla pakSako aSTamI tithi zuddha hai; kyoMki phAlgunakI pUrNimAko sUryodaya kAlameM pUrvA phAlgunI aura candrodaya kAlameM uttarA phAlgunI yA pUrNimAke sUryodaya aura candrodaya donoM hI samayoMmeM uttarAphAlgunI nakSatra AtA hai / uparyukta sthiti meM aSTamIko mRgazirA nakSatra ke honepara pUrNimAko uttarAphAlgunI A jAtA hai / ataeva kRSNa pakSa kI aSTa azuddha hai aura zuklapakSakI aSTamI garbhakalyANakakI zuddha tithi hai / 164 tiloya paNNatta meM saMbhavanAtha bhagavAnkA janmakalyANaka mArgazIrSa pUrNimA jyeSThA nakSatra batAyA gayA hai / uttara purANa meM kArtika zuklA pUrNimA mRgazira nakSatra meM bhagavAnkA janma batAyA gayA hai | hindI kaviyoMmeM vRndAvana aura manaraMga donoMne kArtikI pUrNimA" hI bhagavAn - kA janma dina mAnA hai / aba yaha vicAra karanA hai ki kArtikI aura mArgazIrSI pUrNimAoM meM se kauna sI tithi bhagavAn ke janmakalyANakakI hai / tiloyapaNNatti meM pratipAdita jyeSThA nakSatra mArgazIrSI pUrNimAko kabhI nahIM ho sakatA hai / kyoMki isa tithiko niyamataH mRgazira nakSatra AtA hai | kArtika pUrNimAko kRttikA nakSatra rahanA cAhie, mRgazira nahIM / ataH nakSatra aura tithiyoMkA samanvaya donoM mAnyatAoMmeMse eka bhI mAnyatA ke sAtha nahIM hai / jyautiSa zAstrameM eka niyama yaha bhI AtA hai ki garbhakAla se zizu utpattikA samaya dasa nAkSatra mAsa hotA hai arthAt garbha kI puSTi 270 dinoMmeM hotI hai prAyaH jo nakSatra garbha sthiti kAlameM rahatA hai, vahI utpatti samaya meM bhI / mRgazira nakSatra se 270 nakSatra dina kArtikI pUrNimAko pUrNa nahIM hote haiM, balki mArgazIrSa pUrNimAko pUrNa hote haiM / isa pUrNimAko mRgazira nakSatra bhI A jAtA hai / ataH bhagavAn saMbhavanAthakA janmakalyANaka mArgazIrSa zuklA pUrNimAko mRgazira nakSatra meM mAnanA cAhie | tiloyapaNNatti meM 'jeTThA rikkhammi' pATha azuddha hai| isake sthAna 'miggarikkhammi, pATha honA caahie| yA to yaha pATha kisI anya pratimeM hogA athavA kisI pratilipikartAko kRpAse 'miggarikkhammi'ke sthAnapara 'jeTTArikkhammi' pATha ho gayA hogA, jo azuddha hai / uttara purANa meM 'navame mAsi' pATha hai / yahA~ yaha gaNanA caitrase lenI caahie| isa sambandhameM eka bAta / 1. zukla phAlguna jASTamyAM svapnAn SoDaza paMcame / prabhAtasamaye'pazyannakSatre sukRtodayAt / - utta0 49-16 2. phAguna asita parava aSTamIko garabhasthiti nAtha / - manaraMga : satyArthayajJa 3. sAvitthIe saMbhavadevo ya jidAriNA suseNAe / maggasira puNNimAe jeTTA rikkhammi saMjAdo || tiloya0 4-528 4. navame mAsi nakSatre paMcame saumyayogage / paurNamAsyAmavApAya mahamindraM trividyutam / uttara0 49-19 5. kArtika sita pUnama tithi jAna / tIna jJAnajuta janama pramANa / / vRndAvanakRta caubIsI vidhAna

Page #210
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 165 ullekhanIya yaha bhI hai ki cAndramAsa gaNanA zuklapakSakI pratipadAse ho lI jAtI thI / gyArahavIM zatAbdI se suvidhAke lie kRSNapakSakI pratipadAse mAsa gaNanA kI jAne lagI hai / ataH phAlguna zuklapakSa kI pratipadAse gaNanA karanepara 'navame mAsi' pATha aura bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai / isalie bhagavAn saMbhavanAtha kI janmatithi mArgazIrSI pUrNimA mAnanI cAhie / kArtikI pUrNimA bhrAnta hai / bhagavAn saMbhavanAthakI tapakalyANaka tithi tiloya paNNatta meM mArgazIrSI pUrNimA' batalAyI gayI hai / isa dina jyeSThA nakSatra thA tathA dIkSA grahaNa karanekA kAla tRtIya prahara batalAyA gayA hai / uttara purANase bhI isI tithikA samarthana hotA hai / kavi vRndAvanane mArgazIrSI pUrNimA tathA manaraMgane bhI isI tithiko dIkSA kalyANaka tithi batalAyA hai / ataH saMbhavanAtha svAmIkA tapakalyANaka mArgazIrSI pUrNimAko huA hai / jyotiSa kI dRSTise vicAra karanepara jyeSThA nakSatra ukta pUrNimAko nahIM AtA hai; isa dina gaNita dvArA mRgazira nakSatra hI AtA hai / isalie tilopatti 'jeTTAe' ke sthAnapara 'mAggisie' yA 'miggAe' pATha honA cAhie / saMzodhanake samaya arthapara dhyAna nahIM diyA gayA hogA / ataeva dIkSAkalyANaka saMbhavanAtha svAmIkA mArgazIrSI pUrNimAko sampanna huA hI mAnA jAyagA / bhagavAn saMbhavanAtha svAmI ke jJAnakalyANakake sambandha meM tiloyapaNNattimeM mUla koI gAthA upalabdha nahIM hai / prakSiptarUpameM batalAyA gayA hai ki kArtika kRSNA paJcamI ke dina aparAhna kAlameM jyeSThA nakSatra ke rahate hue bhagavAn saMbhavanAtha svAmIko jJAna sampanna huA thA / uttarapurANa meM kArttika kRSNA caturthI ke dina mRgazira nakSatra meM sandhyAke samaya kevalajJAnakI prApti honA batalAyA gayA hai / kavi vRndAvana aura manaraMga ne bhI kArtika kRSNA caturthIko hI kevalajJAnakI prApti honA batalAyA hai / jyotiSa kI dRSTise kArttika kRSNA caturthI hI zuddha tithi mAlUma hotI hai / kyoMki mRgazira nakSatra isI tithiko par3atA hai / AzvinI pUrNimAke dina azvinI nakSatra thA tathA kArtika kRSNA pratipadAko bharaNI, dvitIyAko kRttikA, tRtIyAko rohiNI aura caturthIko mRgazira nakSatra AtA hai / kArtika kRSNA paJcamIko jyeSThA nakSatra kabhI nahIM A sakatA hai, ataH yaha tithi azuddha hai / saMbhavanAtha svAmIkA nirvANa kalyANaka caitrazuklA" SaSThIko unake janma nakSatra meM batAyA 1. maggasirapuSNimAe tadie paharammi tadiya uvavAse / jeTTAe Nikkato saMbhavasAmI sahedugammi vaNe / / - tiloya0 4-646 2. janmarthe kArtike kRSNacaturthyAmaparAgaH / 3. SaSThopavAso hatvAghAn prApAnantacatuSTayam |--uttr0 49-41 kAtika kali tithi cautha mahAna / ghAtighAta liyA. kevala jJAna // - vRndAvana cau0 vi0 4. kArtika vadI zubha cauthake dina jJAna upajata jAni / 5. samavazarana vizAla anupama racata dhanapati Ani // manaraMga satyArthayajJa cettassa sukkachaTThIavaraNhe jammabhammi sammede | saMpatto apavaggaM saMbhavasAmI sahassajudo // - tiloya0 4 - 1187

Page #211
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna gayA hai / uttarapurANameM isI SaSThI tithikA samarthana upalabdha hotA hai| vRndAvana aura manaraMga ne bhI isI tithiko nivArNakalyANakA honA likhA hai| aura jyotiSakI dRSTise vicArakaranepara phAlgunI pUrNimAko uttarAphAlgunI nakSatra AtA hai tathA caitramAsakI pUrNimAko citraa| uttarAphAlgunIse nakSatra gaNanA aura pratipadAse tithi gaNanA karanepara caitra zuklA SaSThIko mRgazira nakSatra A jAtA hai / ataH yaha nirvANa tithi zuddha hai / abhinandana svAmIkA garbhakalyANaka vaizAkha zuklA' SaSThIko uttarapurANakArane batalAyA hai / isa dina punarvasu nakSatra thaa| kavi vRndAvanane bhI vaizAkha zuklA SaSThIko hI garbha kalyANakakA sampanna honA batalAyA hai| manaraMgalAlane abhinandana svAmIkA garbhakalyANaka vaizAkhazuklA aSTamIko honA batalAyA hai| jyotiSake anusAra vicAra karanepara vaizAkha zuklA SaSThIko punarvasu nakSatra par3a jAtA hai / kyoMki caitrI pUrNimAko citrA nakSatra rahatA hai / svAtise nakSatra gaNanA karanepara 20 nakSatra saMkhyA AtI hai, tithi gaNanA karanepara 21 tithi saMkhyA AtI hai| kintu isa sthitimeM vaizAkhakRSNA saptamIko tithikSaya thA, ataH tithi aura nakSatrameM samatA mila jAtI hai / kavi manaraMga dvArA pratipAdita tithi azuddha hai; kyoMki isakA nakSatrake sAtha samanvaya nahIM hotA hai / punarvasu nakSatra hI tithikA niyAmaka hai, isake dvArA SaSThI tithi hI AtI hai, aSTamI nhiiN| caturtha tIrthaMkara abhinandana svAmIkA janmakalyANaka tiloyapaNNattimeM mAghazuklA dvAdazIke' dina punarvasu nakSatrameM mAnA gayA hai| uttarapurANameM bhI yahI tithi batalAyI gayI hai / vRndAvanane bhI isI tithiko bhagavAnkA janma honA batalAyA hai; kintu manaraMgane mAgha zuklA caturdazIko janma tithi batalAyA hai / jyotiSa prakriyA dvArA vicAra karane para mAghazuklA dvAdazI tithi zuddha jaMcatI hai; kyoMki mAghI pUrNimAko maghA nakSatra rahatA hai / ataH dvAdazIko punarvasu, trayodazIko puSya, caturdazIko AzleSA aura pUrNimAko maghA nakSatra hogA / ataeva manaraMga dvArA likhita mAghazuklA caturdazI azuddha hai aura dvAdazI tithi zuddha hai| tapakalyANakakI tithi tiloyapaNNattimeM mAgha zuklA dvAdazI mAnI hai tathA isa dina punarvasu nakSatra thA / uttarapurANameM bhI upayukta yogakA hI kathana kiyA gayA hai / vRndAvana 1. vaizAkhasya site pakSe SaSThayAM bhe saptame shubhe| svapnekSAnantaraM vaktraM vizantaM vIkSya sA gajam ||-uttr0 50,18 2. garabhasthiti maharAjA vaizAkhasita aSTamI dinA kaise / -satyArthayajJa 3. mAghassa bArasIe sidAmmi pakkhe punnnvsuurikkhe| saMvarasiddhatthAhiM sAmede NaMdaNo jAdo ||-tiloy0 4-529 4. mAghe mAsyaditau yoge dhavala dvAdazI dine |-uttr0 50-19 5. mAgha sudI caudasiko janmai akhaNDapratApadhara sUra |-styaarthyjny 6. sida bArasipuvvale mAghe mAse punnvvsuurikkhe| uggavaNe uvavAse tadie abhiNaMdaNo ya nnikkto||-tilo0 4-647 7. mAse site svagarbhaGkSa dvAdazyAmaparAgaH / dIkSAM SaSThopavAsena jainI jagrAha rAjabhiH ||-uttr0 50-51

Page #212
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 167 aura manaraMgane bhI upayukta tithi hI batalAyI hai| jyotiSakI prakriyA dvArA bhI yaha tithi zuddha pratIta hotI hai| kyoMki nakSatra aura tithikA samanvaya yathArtha hai / bhagavAn abhinandana svAmIkA jJAnakalyANaka tiloyayapaNNatti ke anusAra kAttika zuklA paJcamI' punarvasu nakSatrameM aparAhnakAlameM huA hai| uttarapurANameM pauSa zuklA caturdazI kI sandhyAmeM kevalajJAnako utpatti batalAyI gayI hai| isa dina bhI punarvasu nakSatra thaa| vRndAvana aura manaraMgane pauSazuklA caturdazIko ho jJAnakalyANakI tithi batalAyI hai / jyotiSakI saraNi dvArA vicAra karanese kArtika zuklA paJcamIko punarvasu nakSatra nahIM AtA hai, kintu isa tithiko uttarASAr3hA nakSatra honA caahie| kyoMki kArtika kRSNA pratipadAko bharaNI nakSatra thaa| bharaNIse gaNanA karanepara kAttika zuklA paJcamI uttarASADhAko par3atI hai, ataH yaha tithi azuddha hai| pauSazuklA caturdazIko punarvasu nakSatra avazya rahatA hai kyoMki pauSI pUrNimAko puSya nakSatrakA AnA Avazyaka hai, ataH pauSa zuklA caturdazI tithi zuddha hai / yahI abhinandana bhagavAnke jJAnakalyANaka kI tithi hai| tiloyapaNNatti meM 'kattiya sukke' aura 'paMcammi' ina donoM padoMkA samanvaya punarvasu nakSatra ke sAtha nahIM hotA hai| ataH kAttika zuklA paJcamIkI mAnyatA bhrAnta hai| ina bhagavAn ke nirvANakalyANakakA honA tiloyapaNNattimeM vaizAkha zuklA saptamI ko pUrvAhnakAlameM punarvasu nakSatrake rahanepara batAyA gayA hai| uttarapurANameM vaizAkha zuklA' SaSThIke dina prAtaHkAlake samaya punarvasu nakSatrake rahate hue nirvANakA honA kahA hai / vRndAvana aura manaraMgane SaSThI tithiko hI nirvANa mAnA hai| jyotiSake gaNita dvArA vicAra karanepara pratIta hotA hai ki nakSatra aura tithikA samanvaya vaizAkha zuklA SaSThIko hotA hai / saptamI tithiko punarvasukI sthiti nahIM AtI hai, kintu puSya ho jAtA hai / kAraNa yaha hai ki vaizAkhI pUNimA vizAkhA nakSatrako par3atI hai / SaSThIko punarvasuke rahanepara hI pUNimAko vizAkhA A skegaa| saptamIko punarvasukI sthiti mAnanepara pUrNimAko vizAkhA nakSatra na par3akara anurAdhA A jAyagA; jo gaNitakI dRSTise azuddha hai| ataH abhinandana svAmokA nirvANa vaizAkha zuklA SaSThIko hI mAnanA yukti saMgata hai| paMcama tIrthakara sumatinAtha svAmIkA garbhakalyANaka uttarapurANake anusAra zrAvaNa zuklA dvitIyAke dina maghA nakSatrameM sampanna huA hai| isI tithikA ullekha vRndAvana aura manaraMgane 1. kattiya sukke paMcamI avaraNhe puNabvasumgi Nakkhattai / uggavaNe abhiNaMdaNajiNasma saMjAda savvassagayaM // -tiloya0 4-681 2. site pauSe caturdazyAM sAyAhna bhe'sya sptme| -uttara0 50-56 3. vaisAha sukkasatta mi puvvale jammabhammi sammede / dasasayamahesisahido gaMdaNadevo gado mokkhaM / / -tiloya0 4-1188 4. munibhirbahubhiH prAhe pratimAyogavAnagAt / me site saptame SaSThayAM vaizAle'yaM paraM padam // uttara0 50-66 5. maghAyA zrAvaNe mAsi dRSTvA svapnAn gajAdikAn / 51 pa0 21

Page #213
168 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna bhI kiyA hai| jyotiSako gaNanAke anusAra vicAra karanepara zrAvaNa zuklA dvitIyAke dina maghA nakSatra mila jAtA hai; kyoMki ASAr3hI pUrNimAko uttarASAr3hA nakSatra thaa| isase Age zravaNAdi nakSatra gaNanA karane para ukta tithiko maghA A jAtA hai / ataH yaha tithi zuddha hai / tiloyapaNNattimeM janmakalyANaka zrAvaNazuklA ekAdazIko' maghA nakSatrameM batAyA gayA hai| uttarapurANameM caitrazuklA ekAdazIke2 dina citrA nakSatra meM janmakalyANaka mAnA gayA hai| vRndAvana aura manaraMgane bhI caitrazuklA ekAdazIko hI janmakalyANakakI tithi batalAyA hai| jyotiSakI saraNi dvArA vicAra karanepara zrAvaNazuklA ekAdazIko maghA nakSatra nahIM AtA hai| balki isa dina jyeSThA nakSatrakI sthiti AtI hai; kyoMki zrAvaNI pUrNimAko zravaNa nakSatra rahatA hai, ataH zrAvaNazuklA ekAdazIko jyeSThA rahanA caahie| ataeva nakSatra aura tithikA samanvaya nahIM honese ukta tiloyapaNNattivAlI mAnyatA azuddha hai| uttarapurANameM caitrazuklA ekAdazIko pitRyogameM bhagavAnkA janma honA kahA gayA hai| isa granthake hindI TIkAkAra vasantajIne isa zlokake arthameM citrAyAMkA artha citrA nakSatra kiyA hai, para yaha artha azuddha hai| yahA~ citrAyAM yaha vizeSaNapada hai, isakA sambandha mAsake sAtha hai, arthAt navame-caitra mahInekI zuklapakSakI ekAdazI tithiko pitRyoga-maghA nakSatrake rahanepara bhagavAnkA janma huaa| citrAyAMkA artha citrA nakSatra kara lenepara pitRyoga-maghA nakSatrake sAtha virodha aayegaa| eka hI vyaktikA janma do nakSatroMme nahIM ho sakatA hai / pitRyoga zabda yoga vAcaka nahIM hai, balki nakSatra vAcaka hai / kyoMki maghA nakSatrake svAmI pitR haiM, ataH maghA nakSatrako pitRyoga kahA jAtA hai| gaNanA karanepara bhI caitrazuklA ekAdazIko maghA nakSatra AtA hai, citrA nhiiN| citrA nakSatrakI sthiti caitrI pUrNimAko hotI hai| eka dUsarA siddhAnta yaha bhI hai ki jisa nakSatrameM garbhAdhAna hotA hai, usI nakSatra meM janma bhI / bhagavAnkA garbhakalyANaka maghA nakSatrameM huA hai, ataH janmake dina maghA yA maghAke Asa-pAsa vAlA nakSatra avazya A jaaygaa| gaNita kriyA dvArA caitrazuklA ekAdazIko maghA nakSatra AtA hai| ataH bhagavAn sumatinAtha svAmIko janma tithi caitrazuklA ekAdazI nirvivAdarUpase hai / pA~caveM tIrthakara sumatinAtha bhagavAnkA tapakalyANaka tiloyapaNNattike anusAra vaizAkha 1. meghappaheNa sumaI sAkeda purammi maMgalAe ya / sAvaNasukkeyArasidivasammi maghAsu saMjaNido / tiloya0 -4-530 2. navame mAsi citrAyAM sajjyotsnaikAdazIdine / trijJAnadhAriNaM divyaM pitRyoge satAM patim // -uttara0 51-22-33 3. nAsatyAntakavahnidhAtRzazabhRgudrA ditIjyoragA; RkSezAH pitaro bhago'ya'maravI tvaSTA samIraH kramAt / zakrAgnI khalu mitrazakranirRtikSIrANi vizve vidhigovindo vasutoyapA'jacaraNAhirbudhnyapUSAbhidhA / -muhUrttacintAmaNi nakSatra prakaraNa zlo0 1

Page #214
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 169 zuklA navamI' ko maghA nakSatrake rahate hue pUrvAhnakAlameM sahetuka vanameM huA hai / uttarapurANameM bhI vaizAkha zuklA navamI ko hI dIkSA grahaNa karanekA kathana hai / isa prakAra purANake anusAra bhI isa dina maghA nakSatra thaa| vRndAvana ne sumatinAtha bhagavAnke tapakalyANakakI tithi caitra zuklA ekAdazI aura manaraMga ne vaizAkha zuklA navamI batalAyI hai| jyotiSakI prakriyA dvArA vicAra karanepara jJAta hotA hai ki pAMcaveM tIrthakarake tapakalyANakI tithi vaizAkha zuklA navamI zuddha hai; kyoMki isa tithiko maghA nakSatra mila jAtA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki vaizAkhI pUrNimA vizAkhA nakSatrako par3atI hai| vizAkhAse viparIta kramAnusAra gaNanA karanepara tathA pUrNimA tithise viparota tithi kramAnusAra gaNanA karanepara maghA vaizAkha zuklA navamIke dina siddha ho jAtA hai| ataeva kavi vRndAvana dvArA nirUpita tithi azuddha hai / prAcIna aura arvAcIna mAnyatA tathA jyotiSa gaNanAke anusAra tapakalyANakI tithi vaizAkha zuklA navamI hI hai| jJAnakalyANakI tithi tiloyapaNNattimeM poSI pUNimA batAyI gayI hai / isa dina hasta nakSatra thaa| uttarapurANama caitrazuklA ekAdazI ko maghA nakSatrake rahanepara pA~caveM tIrthakarako kevalajJAnakI utpatti batalAyI hai| vRndAvana aura manaraMgane caitra zuklA ekAdazI tithi ho kevalajJAnako utpattikI mAnI hai| jyotiSakI paddhati dvArA vicAra karanepara tiloyapaNNattikI mAnyatA azuddha pratIta hotI hai / kyoMki pauSI pUrNimAko hasta nakSatra nahIM A sakatA hai, isa tithiko sarvadA candrodayakAla meM puSya nakSatra AtA hai / ataH hasta aura pauSI pUrNimAkA yoga jyotiSakI prakriyA dvArA sarvathA asaMbhava hai| uttarapurANakI mAnyatA gaNanAse zuddha AtI hai| kyoMki caitra zuklA ekAdazIko maghA nakSatra A jAtA hai| yaha jyotiSakA aTala niyama hai ki candrodayameM caitrI pUrNimAko citrA nakSatra AtA hai / ataeva citrA nakSatrase viparIta nakSatra tathA pUrNimA tithise viparIta tithi gaNanA karanese caitra zuklA ekAdazIko madhA nakSatra A jAtA hai / ataeva yahI pA~caveM tIrthakarako kaivalya prAptiko tithi hai / hindI kaviyoMne isI tithi mAnyatAko svIkAra kiyA hai / 1. NavIe punvaNhe maghAsu vaisAhasukkapamkhammi / sumaI sahedugavaNe Nikkato tadiyauvavAso ||-tiloy0 4, 648 2. site rAjJAM sahasraNa sumatinavamI dine / maghAzazinI vaizAkhe pUrvAhne saMyamAzrayam ||-uttr0 51.70-71 3. caitasukalagyArasa tithi bhAkhA / tA dina tapa dhari nijarasa cAkhA / / vRndAvana caubIsI vidhAna 4. jAni sudI vaizAkha, naumI dina tapa grahaNa kiyA / satyArthayajJa 5. pussassa puNimAe rikkhammi kare sahedugammivaNe / avaraNhe uppaNNaM sumaijiNa kevalaM gANaM ||-tiloy0 4-682 6. maghAyAM caitramAsasya dhavalaikAdazIdine / pazcimAbhimukhe bhAnau kaivalyamudayAdayat ||-uttr0 51.75 22

Page #215
170 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna * inhIM sumatinAtha bhagavAnke nirvANa yA mokSa-kalyANakakA varNana karate hue tiloyapaNNattimeM batAyA gayA hai ki caitrazuklA dazamIke dina pUrvAhnakAlameM maghA nakSatrake rahate hue sammeda zikharase eka sahasra muniyoMke sAtha nirvANako prApta hue / utarapurANameM caitrazuklA ekAdazIke dina maghA nakSatrameM aparAhnakAla meM sumatinAtha svAmIne nirvANa lAbha kiyA / vRndAvana aura manaraMgane bhI caitrazuklA ekAdazI tithi ho nirvANa tithi batalAyo hai ! jyotiSakI prakriyA dvArA UhApoha karanepara caitrazuklA ekAdazIko hI madhA nakSatra AtA hai, dazamIko nahIM / ataH caitrI pUrNimAko citrA nakSatra rahegA, ataeva maghA nakSatra ekAdazIko hI rahanA caahie| 'tiloyapaNNatti' kA 'cettassa sukkadazamo' ke sthAna meM 'cettasrA zukla ekAdasI, pATha honA caahie| yahA~ maghA nakSagakA ullekha hai hI, ataeva pAThAntara zuddha kara denepara gar3abaDI dUra ho jAtI hai, jisase caitra zuklA ekAdazI tithi sumatinAtha bhagavAnke nirvANa kalyANakI tithi gaNanA dvArA siddha hotI hai| SaSTha tIrthaMkara padmaprabhakA garbhakalyANaka uttarapurANameM mAgha kRSNa SaSThIko mAnA gayA hai / isa dina citrA nakSatra thA / kavi vRndAvanane mAgha kRSNA SaSThI tathA manaraMgane bhI isI tithiko chaThaveM tIrthaMkarako garbhakalyANaka tithi batAyA hai| jyotiSakI paddhati dvArA vicAra karanepara bhI yaha tithi zuddha pratIta hotI hai| kyoMki mAgha kRSNA SaSThIko citrA nakSatra A jAtA hai / pauSI pUrNimAko puSya nakSatra AtA hai, isase Age gaNanA karanepara mAgha kRSNA SaSThIko citrA nakSatrakI sthiti ghaTita ho jAtI hai / padmaprabha svAmIkA janmakalyANaka tiloyapaNNatti ke anusAra zrAvaNazuklA ekAdazI' maghA nakSatra meM mAnA gayA hai / uttarapurANameM kAttika kRSNA trayodazIko' citrA nakSatrameM janma kalyANaka batalAyA gayA hai| vRndAvanane padbhaprabha svAmIkI janmatithi kAttika zuklA trayodazI aura manaraMgane kAttika kRSNA trayodazI mAnI hai / jyotiSakI paddhati dvArA vicAra karanepara jJAta hotA hai ki tiloyapaNNatti dvArA pratipAdita tithi azuddha hai; kyoMki zrAvaNa zuklA ekAdazIko maghA nakSatra nahIM par3atA hai, usa dina 1. cettassa sukkadasamIpuvvaNhe jammabhamma sammaMde / dasasayarisisaMjutto sumaissAbhI smokkhgdo||-tiloy0 4.1189 2. ekAdazyAM site caitre maghAyAmaparAgaH / amarairantyakalyANamavApa sumatIzvaraH ||-uttr0 51.85 3. prabhAte mAghakRSNAyAM SaSThayAM citrendusaMgame |-uttr0 52.19 4. meghappaheNa sumaI sAkedapurammi maMgalAe ya / sAvaNasukkedArasidivasammi maghAsu saMjaNido ||-tiloy0 4530 5. kRSNapakSe trayodazyAM tvaSTayoge'parAjitam / ____ kAttike mAsyasUtaiSA raktAmbhojadalacchavim ||-uttr0 52.1 6. sukulakAtikaterasakoM jaye / trijagajIva su AnandakoM lye||--vRndaavn caubIsI vidhAna 7, bhalI trayodazyAM kAtika mahInA prAka paravako / satyArthayajJa

Page #216
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 171 mUla nakSatra gaNanAse AtA hai, ataeva yaha tithi agrAhya / uttarapurANakI mAnyatAnusAra janma dina kArtika kRSNA trayodazI hai, isa dina citrA nakSatrakA astitva rahatA hai / kyoMki kArtikI pUrNimAko kRttikA aura AzvinI pUrNimAko azvinI nakSatra AtA hai / AzvinI pUrNimA yA kArtika pUrNimAse gaNanA karanepara kArtika kRSNA trayodazIko citrA nakSatra A jAtA hai / dUsarI bAta yaha bhI hai ki jo garbha nakSatra hotA hai, vahI janma nakSatra bhI AtA hai / ataH yaha pahale hI likhA jA cukA hai ki garbhakI paripakvatA dasa nAkSatra mAsoMmeM hotI hai / ye dasa nAkSatramAsa nau saura mAsake tulya hote / cAndramAsakI gaNanA ke anusAra garbhakI paripakvatAkA nizcaya nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai / ataeva bhagavAn padmaprabha svAmIkA janmakalyANaka kArtika kRSNA trayodazIko sampanna huA hI mAnanA yukti saMgata hai / kavi vRndAvanane kArttika zuklA ekAdazIkA nirdeza kiyA hai, yaha tithi bhI azuddha hai / kyoMki gaNanAnusAra citrA nakSatra ina tithi ko nahIM AtA hai / chaTheM tIrthaMkarakA tapakalyANaka tiloyapaNNatti meM kArtika kRSNA trayodazIke' dina aparAhnakAlameM citrA nakSatra ke rahate hue batalAyA hai / uttarapurANa meM bhI isI tithi aura nakSatrakA ullekha hai / vRdAvanane kArttika zuklA trayodazI aura manaraMgane kArtika kRSNA trayodazI tithi batalAyI hai / gaNanA dvArA kArtika kRSNA trayodazI tithi hI tapakalyANakakI tithi hai / kArtika zuklA trayodazI azuddha hai / padmaprabha svAmIko kaivalyakI prApti tiloyapaNNatti meM vaizAkha zuklA dazamIke' aparAhna - kAlameM citrA nakSatrake rahate hue batAyI gayI hai / uttarapurANake anusAra inheM kaivalyalAbha caitrazuklA pUrNimA - caitrI pUrNimAke madhyAhna meM huA hai| isa dina bhI citrA nakSatra thA / kavi vRndAvana aura manaraMgane bhI caitrI pUrNimA hI kaivalyalAbhakI tithi mAnI hai / jyotiSa gaNanA dvArA vicAra karanepara tiloyapaNNatti ke anusAra vaizAkhazuklA dazamIko citrA nakSatra nahIM AtA; yaha nakSatra to vaizAkhazuklA trayodazIko AtA hai tathA isa tithiko pUrvAphAlgunI nakSatrakI sthiti AtI hai / ataH yaha tithi gaNanA ke anusAra azuddha hai / uttarapurANakI mAnyatA gaNanAse zuddha siddha hotI hai; kyoMki caitrI pUrNimAko niyamataH citrA nakSatra rahatA hai / ataeva chaThaveM tIrthaMGkarakI kaivalya - lAbha - tithi caitrI pUrNimA hai / 1. cittAsu kiNhaterasi avaraNhe kattiyassa Nikkato | paumappaho jiNido tadie khavaNe maNoharujjANe // - tiloya0 4-649 2. kArtike zuklapakSasya trayodazyaparAhnagaH / citrAyAM bhUbhujAM sArddha sahasreNAhitAdaraH // - uttara0 52-52 3. sukalaterasakAtika bhAvanI / tapa dharayo vana SaSTama pAvanI // - vRndAvana caubIsI vidhAna 4. vaisAhasukkadasamIcettArikkhe maNoharujjANe / avarahNe uppaNNaM paumappaha jinavaridassa // - tiloya0 4-683

Page #217
172 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGamayakA avadAna padmaprabha svAmIke nirvANa kalyANake sambandhameM varNana karate hue tiloyapaNNattimeM phAlguna kRSNA' caturthIke dina aparAhnakAlameM citrA nakSatrake rahate hue sammeda zikharase tInaso caubIsa muniyoM sahita mokSa prApta karanA likhA hai| uttarapurANameM bhI isI tithi aura nakSatrakA ullekha hai / kavi vRndAvanane phAlguna kRSNA caturthI aura manaraMgane phAlguna kRSNa saptamI tithiko nirvANalAbha-tithi kahA hai| gaNanAnusAra phAlguna kRSNA caturthIko citrA nakSatra A jAtA hai; kyoMki usa samaya mAghI pUrNimAko maghA nakSatra thA usase Age tithi aura nakSatra gaNanA karanese phAlguna kRSNA caturthIko citrA nakSatrako sthiti samIcIna dikhalAyI par3atI hai / ataH kavi manaraMgako tithi azuddha hai, isa tithiko nirvANakA nakSatra nahIM AtA hai / ataeva bhagavAn padmaprabha svAmIkA nirvANa kAttika kRSNA caturthIko huA hai / 1. phagguNa kiNhacautthI avarale jammabhammi sammede / cauvIsAdhiyatiyasayasahido paumappaho devo |-tiloy0 4-5190 2. phAlgune mAse citrAyAM caturthyAmaparAhagaH / / ___kRSNapakSe caturthena samucchinnakriyAtmanA ||-uttr0 52-67 3. asitaphAguna cautha sujaaniyo|-vRndaavn caubIsI vidhAna 4. badI sAta jAnauM subhaga mahinA phAguNa kahA-satyArthayajJa

Page #218
jainakalA : eka vizleSaNa AtmAkI sukomala, maMju, mRdula aura manojJa naitika sAdhana- zRGkhalA kalA kahalAtI hai / mAnava zizu jisa kSaNa A~kheM kholatA hai, usI kSaNase bAhya sRSTikI vividha vastuoMkI chApa alakSya rUpase usake kalpanAzIla manapara par3ane lagatI hai / saMsArakA aisA koI paramANu nahIM, jo usapara apanA prabhAva binA DAle rahatA ho / kintu vizeSatA saMskAra grahaNa karane vAle kI hotI hai, vaha jaisA kalpanAzIla, sajaga aura subodha hotA hai, saMskArake vAtAvaraNako bhI usI rUpameM grahaNa karatA hai / isa grahIta saMskArako manuSya apane taka hI sImita nahIM rakhanA cAhatA hai, balki anyapara abhivyakta karaneke liye anivArya sA ho jAtA hai / athavA yoM samajhiye ki mAnava ke hRdaya aura mastiSkakI racanA hI kucha aisI hai, jisase saMsArakA vAtAvaraNa use prabhAvita karatA hai / jisa prakAra caMcala pavana jalarAzipara apanA prabhAva aMkita karatA hai, yA mayUkha razmiyA~ jaise zilAkhaNDoMpara apanA zItoSNa guNa aMkita karatI haiM, usI prakAra mAnava mastiSkameM jar3a cetana padArthoMke citra aMkita hote rahate haiM / parantu manuSyakI AtmAmeM naisargika preraNA hotI hai ki vaha una citroMko abhivyakta kare / abhivyaJjanAkI yahI praNAlI kalA hai / bhAratIya kalAkI unnatimeM jainAcAryoMkA sthAna bhI atyanta mahattvapUrNa haiM / kAraNa koI bhI dharma tabhI apanA astitva rakha sakatA hai jaba usakI kalA ucca koTi kI ho / sAMskRtika mahattA aura gaurava garimA hI dharmakA prANa hai / jainetara vicAraka aura vivecakoMne samayasamayapara jainadarzana aura jainakalAkI muktakaNThase prazaMsA kI hai / yadyapi bhAratIya kalAkA sAmpradAyika vargIkaraNa jainazailI, bauddhazailI aura brAhmaNazailI kalAkA nahIM ho sakatA hai / bUlara' kA kathana hai ki bhAratIya kalAmeM sAmpradAyikatA nahIM hai / bauddha, jaina aura brAhmaNa sabhI kI bhAvanAkA srota eka hI hai / kumAra svAmI ne hisTrI inDiyana eNDa iNDonezana ArTameM batAyA hai ki zuddhazailI ke hisAba se prAntIya bheda yA sAmpradAyika bheda kalAmeM saMbhava nahIM / dArzanika bheda honeke kAraNa kalAmeM kucha antara AyA hai, para kalAkA vargIkaraNa samaya aura bhUgola anusAra hI ho sakatA hai / bhArata ke pradhAna tInoM dharma--jaina, bauddha aura brAhmaNameM kalAkI bhAvanA Antarika saundaryAbhivyakti kI hI rahI hai, ataH kalAke zailIgata bheda mAnanA ucita nahIM / 1. Jain Art in the North P. 247 2. History of Indian and Indonesion Art P. 106; the Jaina Stupa and other Antiquties of Mathura, Int p. 6; Mehta, Studies in Indian Painting, pp. 1-2; Percy Brown, Indian Painting "PP. 38, 51.; History of Indian Architecture,

Page #219
174 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna jainadharma nivRtti pradhAna dharma hai isameM itara dharmokI apekSA aneka vizeSatAe~ haiM / dharmakI vizeSatA ke kAraNa jaina dharmAnuyAyI kalAkAroMkI abhivyaJjanAmeM bhI paryApta antara hai / yadi pratIkoM ke bheda se yA antarjagatke bhAvavizeSako vyakta karanekI praNAlIke bhinna honese jainakalAko alaga sthAna diyA jAya to anucita na hogA / jaina Adarza vItarAgatAkA hai, isaliye jena kalAkAra pratyeka lalita kalAmeM isI Adarza kI abhivyaJjanA karatA hai / usakA dhyeya kalA dvArA laukika eSaNAkI tRpti karanA nahIM hotA, kintu zAntarasakA pravAha bahAkara draSTAke hRdaya meM AdhyAtmika bhAvanAko jAgRta karanA hai / jaina kalAkAroMne patthara yA kAgajake mAdhyama dvArA AdhyAtmika rahasyake udghATanameM AzAtIta saphalatA prApta kI hai / abhivyaJjanAkI dRSTise jainakalAke do bheda kiye jA sakate haiM -- sthita kalA (The Static Mood of art ) aura gatizIla kalA (The dynamic mood of art ) / prathamameM krama aura aucityakI pradhAnatA tathA dvitIyameM gati, ArohAvaroha evaM bhAvavyaJjanAkI pradhAnatA rahatI hai | sthita kalA vAstu, takSaNa aura citra ye tIna bheda evaM gatizIla kalAke saMgIta aura kAvya ye do bheda haiM / vAstukalA -- isa kalAmeM kalAkAra lohA, patthara, lakar3I aura IMTa Adi sthUla padArthoMke sahAre apane amUnika bhAvoMke saundaryakI abhivyaJjanA karatA hai / jainoMne isa kalAmeM prAcInakAla se hI adhika unnati kI hai| giranATa' ne hindukalAke bahuta se sthApatyoMmeM jaina kalAkA pUrNa prabhAva batAyA hai / jahA~ taka vAstukalAkA sambandha hai jainakalA advitIya hai / vAstukalA meM jainadharmakI sundara abhivyakti kI gaI hai / vizAla parvatoMpara prakRtike ramya vAtAvaraNa meM zreSTha mandiroMkA nirmANa kara jainoMne vastutaH apanI kalApriyatAkA paricaya diyA hai / zrI sammedazikhara ( Parshwnath Hill giranAra aura zatruJjayake nirjana pradezoMkI jaina sthApatya kalA apanI AbhA aura camakase pratyeka darzakake manako barabasa apanI ora khIMca letI hai / 1 ), prAcIna bhAratakI sthApatya kalAmeM mathurAkA jainastUpa bhI zilpatIrthaMkA sarvotkRSTa namUnA hai / yahA~ke ramaNIya devaprAsAda, unake sundara toraNa, vedikAstambha, uSNISa pASANa, utphulla kagaloMse susajjita sUcI, utkIrNa AyAgapaTTa Adi jainakalAke gaurava / cahAra dIvArI ke vedikA-stambhoMpara aneka sugAtravAlI nartikAe~ aMkita haiM, jo mathurAkalAkI anupama dena hai / ina ramaNiyoMke sundara ratnajaTita vastrAbhUSaNoMkI kArIgaroMko dekhakara dA~toM tale aMgulI dabAnI par3atI hai / campaka, Amra, azoka aura bakulake udyAnoMmeM krIDAsakta athavA snAna aura prasAdhana dvArA zrRMgAramagna deviyoMko dekhakara jainakalAkA gaurava sahaja hI hRdayaMgama ho jAtA hai / ina vedikAoMko suparNa aura kinnara devoMke pUjA dRzyoMne aura bhI ramaNIya aura bhAvagamya banA diyA hai / bauddha stUpake pAsa jo do bar3e devaprAsAdoMke bhagnAvazeSa upalabdha hue haiM, 1. Guerinat, Lo Relgion Dgaina, p. 279; 2. Fergusson, History of Indian and Eastern Architecture, ii, p. 24. 3. Elliot, Hinduism and Buddism i, P. 121.

Page #220
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 175 ve IsvI pUrva dUsarI zatAbdIke haiM / DA0 bUlara aura smitha Adi vidvAnoMne jaina stUpakI sundara kArIgarIkI muktakaNThase prazaMsA karate hue use bhAratIya zilpakA tIrtha batAyA hai / vedikAstambha aura sUcIdaloMkI sajAvaTa norasa hRdayako bhI sarasa banA detI hai| vizeSajJoMne sthApatyakalAko nAgara (uttarI). vesara (pUrvI) aura drAvir3a ina tIna bhAgoMmeM bA~TA hai / dakSiNake jainamandiroMmeM hoyasala yA cAlukya aura drAvir3a ina donoM zailiyoMkA prabhAva pAyA jAtA hai| candragirike pArzvanAtha basti, kattale rasti aura cAmuNDarAya basti jainakalAke sundara nidarzana haiM / kattale basti 124440 phuTa kSetraphalakA hai / isameM garbha gRhake cAroM ora pradakSiNA hai / navaraMgase saTA huA eka mukhamaNDapa bhI hai aura bAharI barAmadA bhii| ye sabhI mandira drAvir3a zailIke utkRSTa namUne haiM / phargyusana' ne candragirikI 15 bastiyoMmandiroMko sthApatya kalAkI prazaMsA karate hue kahA hai ki inakI nakkAzI uttara bhAratakI sthApatya kalAse sarvathA bhinna hai| ina mandiroMkI banAvaTa kalApUrNa hai / drAvir3a aura cAlukya kalAoMke mizrita rUpakI abhivyaJjanA prazaMsanIya hai| __ dakSiNa bhAratameM I0 50 3 se I0 13 vIM zatAbdI taka jaina zAsana rahaneke kAraNa jainakalAkI khUba unnati huI hai| tAmila aura kannar3a donoM hI prAntoMme sundaratama jaina mandiroMkA nirmANa huA hai / pallava aura gaMga rAjAoMne apane rAjyakAlameM bhavya caityAlaya aura divya stambhoMkA nirmANa karAyA thaa| mandiroMkI dIvAla aura chatoMpara navakAzI aura paccIkArIkA bhI kAma kiyA gayA thaa| kaI mandira do maMjile aura cAroM gora daravAje vAle the| pASANake atirikta lakar3Ike jinAlayoMkI prathA bhI prArambha ho gaI thii| jana vAstukalAkI yaha praNAlI nAgara yA AryAvarta kI thii| isa kalAke mandiroMkA AkAra caukora hotA thA tathA Upara zikhara rahatA thaa| I0 6-7 vIM sadI taka isI praNAlIpara mandiroMkA nirmANa hotA rahA / pazcAt besara-samakoNa AyatAkAra mandira banane lage, ina mandiroMke zikhara Upara-Upara hona-hIna hote jAte the aura antameM addhagolAkAra gummaja ghanA hotA thaa| sAtavIM zatAbdIke bArambhameM isa zailIke mandira bAdAmI, aihole, mAmallapura, kAMcI Adi sthAnoMpara banAye gaye the| vidvAnoMkA mata hai ki samavazaraNa racanAkA pariSkRta rUpa besara praNAlI hai| isake sivA caturmukha mandira bhI banAye jAte the| ina mandiroMkI banAvaTake bAremeM kahA gayA hai ki inake bIca meM eka kamarA hotA thA, jisake cAroM ora bar3e daravAje evaM bAhara baraMDA tathA usArA hotA thaa| chata sapATa pASANase pATa dI jAtI thI aura bar3e-bar3e stambhoMpara TikI rahatI thii| tIna koThariyoMke mandiroMkA pracAra bhI dakSiNameM thA, inameM tIrthaMkaroMkI mUttiyAM yakSa-yakSiNI sahita virAjamAna rahatI thiiN| varjesa' aura phagyUsanakA kathana hai ki 7-8 vIM 1. Fergusson, op, css, p. 75, 172 and Burgess, Digambara Jain Icong raphy Ind, Ant, XXXII, P. 95.96. 2. saMkSipta jaina itihAsa tR0 bhAga dvi0 khaMDa pR0 134 / 3. saMkSipta jaina itihAsa bhA0 3 khaM0 2 pR0 135; 4. dI gaMgaz2a oNpha tAlakADa pR0 222-226 /

Page #221
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna sadImeM dakSiNa bhAratameM janakalAkA jo AkAra-prakAra pracalita thA, vaha uttarakI ora bar3hA aura sAtha hI drAvir3a cinhoMko bhI letA gayA / jaina-vAstu-kalA saundaryake sAtha-sAtha upAsanAkA mUttimAna rUpa hai| jaina stUpa aura stambha-jana vAstukalAmeM stUpoMkA sthAna bhI zreSTha hai / stUpa kebala dhArmika cihna hI nahIM the, balki siddha parameSThIke pratIka honese pUjya the / stUpa racanAkI praNAlI jainiyoMmeM maurya samrATa azokase bhI pahale pracalita thii| maNDapa stambha drAviDa kalAmeM jainoMkI apanI pRthak vastu haiM / ye maNDapa pAMca stambhoMke hote the| cAroM konoMke sAtha-sAtha bIcameM bhI eka stambha rahatA thaa| yaha bIcakA stambha kalAkI dRSTise bahuta hI sundara banAyA jAtA thaa| phasanane isa maNDapa stambhakI bar3I prazaMsA kI hai / maNDapa stambhoMke atirikta sAmAnya stambha do prakArake bainiyoMmeM pracalita-mAnastambha aura brahmadeva stambha / mAnastambhameM Upara coTIpara eka choTI sI bedI rahatI hai jisameM caturmukha pratimA virAjamAna rahatI hai| brahmadeva stambhameM boTIpara brahmakI pUrti sthApita kI jAtI hai / yaha stambha eka samUce pASANakA hotA hai aura isake nicale bhAgameM nakkAzIkA kAma kiyA rahatA hai / aihole, ilorA Adi sthAnoM para sundara mAnastambha vartamAna the / ilorA kI indrasabhAke sammukha banA huA mAnastambha vAstukalAko dRSTise apUrva hai| zrIbelahausa sA0 ne mAnastambhoMkI prazaMsA karate hue likhA hai ki "jaina stambhoMkI AdhArazilA aura zikhara bArIka aura sundara samalaMkRta zilpacAturga kI Azcarya vastu haiM / ina sundara stambhoMkI rAjasI prabhAse koI bhI vastu mukAbilA nahIM kara sakatI hai| ye prAkRta saundaryake anurUpa hI pUrNa aura paryApta banAye gaye haiM / inakI nakkAzI aura mahattA sarvapriya hai|" ___rAjanRpane kAlpole nAmaka sthAnameM advitIya jinamandira banavAyA thA jisakI tIna zikhareM thiiN| usane zAsakoMke vizrAmagRhake liye eka sonekI zikharavAlA mandira tathA usake sAmane mAnastambha banAyA thaa| ye sabhI mAnastambha zilpakalAke adbhuta namUne the, inakI nakkAzI, laTakana aura gummaneM anUThe DhaMga kI banI huI thiiN| ___ dakSiNake alAvA uttara bhAratameM bhI AbU ke jaina mandira jaise sundara vAstukalAke namUne banAye gaye the| AbUke jaina mandiroM kI prazaMsA karate hue karnala TaoNDane apanI Trevalsa ina vesTarna iNDiyA nAmaka pustakameM likhA hai / "hindustAna bharameM yaha mandira sarvottama hai aura rAjamahalake sivA koI dUsarA sthAna isakI samatA nahIM kara sktaa"| misTara phargyusanane pikcarsa ilasTrezana Apha innoseNTa ArkITekcara ina hindustAna-nAmaka pustaka meM likhA hai"isa mandirameM, jo saMgamaramarakA banA huA hai, atyanta parizrama sahana karanevAlI hinduoMkI TaoNkI se phIte jaisI sUkSmatAke sAtha aisI AkRtiyA~ banAyI gayI haiM, jinakI nakala kAgajapara, banAnemeM kitane hI samaya aura parizrama kara bhI maiM nahIM kara sakatA huuN"| ___ isa prakAra jaina vAstukalAke namUne ekase eka bar3hakara samasta bhAratameM vartamAna hai| jaina imAratoMke saundaryakI sUkSmatA, gumbaja, toraNa, stambha, chata aura gokhoMkI sUkSma nakkAzI 1. Walhouse IA, P. 39

Page #222
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 177 manako mugdha karatI hai| mandira nirmANake sambandhameM jainAcAryone jitane niyama pracalita kiye haiM, unake dekhanese mAlUma hotA hai ki mandira nirmANa zailIke aneka bheda the| dhuva-dhanna-jayA naMda-khara-kaMta-maNoramA sumuhaa-dumuhaa| kUra supakkha-dhaNada khaya AkkaMda viula vijayA gihaa|| -vAstusAra gA0 71 arthAt-dhruva, dhAnya, jaya, nanda, khara, kAnta, manorama, sumukha, durmukha , krUra, supakSa, ghanada, kSaya, Akranda, vipula aura vijayA ye 16 prakArake prAsAda hote haiM, zAlA,'Alinda, gujArI, dIvAla, paTTe, stambha aura jharokheke bhedoMse prAsAda 9670 prakArake banAye jAte haiN| pratiSThAsAra saMgrahameM mandirake sthAnoMkA ullekha nimna prakAra hai janma-niSkramaNasthAnajJAnanirvANabhUmiSu / anyeSu puNyadezeSu nadIkUle nagareSu ca // prAmAdisannivezeSu samudrapulineSu ca / anyeSu vA manojJeSu kArayejjinamandiram / / isI prakArake caityAlayake sambandhameM bhI ullekha milatA hai siMho yena jinezvarasya sadane nirmApito tnmukhe| kuryAtkIttimukhaM trizUlasahitaM ghaNTAdibhirbhUSitam // tatpAve madanasya hastayamalaM paJcAGgulIsaMyutam / ketusvarNaghaTojjvalaJca zikharaM ketvAya nirmApitam / / vAstu nirmANake aura bhI anya prakArake niyama batAye gaye haiM, jina niyamoMke dekhanese jaina vAstukalAkI mahattAkA sahaja anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai / mUrtikalA-vAstukalAke anantara mUrtikalAkA kArya Arambha hotA hai| vAstukalA jisa Abhyantarika AtmAkI ora saMketa karatI hai, mUrtikalA usIko prakAzita karatI hai| mUrtikalAmeM Abhyantarika AtmA aura bAharI sAdhanoMmeM samanvaya rahatA hai| ataeva saphala mUrtikalAmeM AdhyAtmika aura zArIrika saundaryakI samanvita abhivyaJjanA kI jAtI hai / mAnava svabhAvataH amUrtika guNoMke stavanase saMtoSa nahIM karatA, usakA bhAvuka hRdaya eka sAkAra AdhAra cAhatA hai, jisake samakSa vaha apane bhItarakI bAtako kaha sake aura jisake guNoMko apane jIvanameM utArakara saMtoSa prApta kara sake / mUrtikalAke AviSkArakA kAraNa bahuta kucha uparyukta pravRtti hI hai / jaina sampradAyameM Atmika guNoMke cintanake liye tIrthaGkaroM aura laukika abhyudaya ko prAptike liye yakSa-yakSiNiyoMkI mUrtiyA~ prAcInakAlameM hI banatI thiiN| bhUgarbhase jitanI prAcIna jaina pratimAeM nikalI haiM, utanI anya sampradAya kI nhiiN| I0 pU0 5-6 varSa pahalekI bhI jaina pratimAeM upalabdha ho cukI haiM / jainamUttikI rUparekhA nimna prakAra hai1. auvaraya aliMda-gaI gujArI-bhittINa-paTTa-thaMbhANa / jAlimaMDavANaya bheeNa gihA uvajjati / / -vAstusAra gA0 69

Page #223
178 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna zAntaprasannamadhyasthanAsAgrasthAvikAradRk / sampUrNabhAvarUrU'nuviddhAMgaM lakSaNAnvitam // raudrAdidoSanirmuktaM prAtihAryAMkayakSayuk / nirmAya vidhinA pIThe jinabimbaM nivezayet' // arthAt --- zAnta, prasanna, madhyastha, nAsAgra avikArI dRSTivAlI, anupamavarNa, vItarAgI, zubha lakSaNoMse sahita, raudra Adi bAraha doSoMse rahita, azoka vRkSa Adi ATha pratihA yukta, aura donoM tarapha yakSa-yakSiNiyoMse sahita jina pratimAko vidhipUrvaka siMhAsanapara virAjamAna karanA cAhiye / pratimA banAnevAle zilpI ko jina pratimAmeM vItarAga dRSTi, saumya AkRti aura niskhalatA anivAryataH rakhanI cAhiye / varAhamihira ne bhI jina pratimAkA lakSaNa batalAte hue kahA hai AjAnu' lambabAhuH zrIvatsAGkaH prazAntamUttizca / digvAsAstaruNo rUpavAMzca kAryo'rhatAM devaH // arthAt arhantakI mUrti prazAnta, zrIvatsa cinhase aMkita, taruNa, lambI bhujAvAlI aura nagna hotI hai / ataeva spaSTa hai ki jainamUttiyoMke nirmANake sambandhameM kevala jaina granthakAroMne hI niyama nahIM banAye the, kintu jainetaroMne bhI / Ajataka jitanI mUrtiyA~ upalabdha huI haiM, unheM kalAzailIkI dRSTise tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai / uttarabhAratIya, dakSiNabhAratIya aura pUrvabhAratIya / prAcIna samaya meM jainadharmake pradhAna kendra pATalIputra, mathurA, ujjaina aura kAMcI the / ina sthAnoMmeM jainoMkI saMskRti vizeSarUpa se vartamAna thI / uttara bhAratIya -- gujarAta, paMjAba, saMyuktaprAnta aura madhyabhAratameM nirmita pratimAe~ eka hI zailIkI hotI thIM; zarIra gaThana, mukhAkRti sanniveza AdikI dRSTise eka hI varga meM unheM rakha sakate haiM / dakSiNa bhAratakI mUttiyoM meM draviNa kalAkI chApa rahaneke kAraNa zarIrAvayava, AkRti Adi meM uttarabhAratIya kalAkI apekSA bhinnatA rahatI hai| isI taraha pUrvabhAratakI mUrtiyoMmeM bhI vahA~ke zilpiyoM kI apanI zailIke kAraNa kucha antara rahatA hai| abataka bhUgarbhase tInoM hI zailIkI pratimAe~ upalabdha huI haiM / paTanA myUjiyama meM naM0 8038 kI bhagnamUrti hai / isa mUrtipara camakadAra pAlisa hai, yaha pAlisa itanI sundara aura ojapUrNa hai ki Aja bhI jyoM kI tyoM banI hai | azokake zilpoMkI taraha yaha cunAra ke patthara kI hai, isake Upara kisI masAleko pAlisa nahIM hai, balki patthara ghoMTakara cikanA aura camakadAra banA diyA gayA hai, jisase kA~cake samAna camaka A gaI hai / yaha mUrti nissandeha mauryakAlIna hai / isa myUjiyamameM aura bhI aneka mUrtiyA~ hai, jo pUrvabhAratakI zailIkI kahI jA sakatI haiM / 1. pratiSThAsAroddhAra pR0 7 zlo0 63-64 2. dekheM - varAha saMhitA a0 57 zlo0 45 3. dekheM -- jaina siddhAnta bhAskara 13 bhAga kiraNa 2

Page #224
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 179 uttara bhAratIya mUttiyoMke namUne mathurA. lakhanaU, prayAga Adi sthAnoMke myUjiyamoMmeM milate haiN| prAcIna samayameM gAndhArakI bhA~ti mathurAkI zailI bhI apanI nijI thii| mathurAmeM sapheda cittIvAle lAla ravAdAra pattharakI mUttiyA~ banatI thiiN| isa zailImeM bharahutakI alaMkaraNa zailI aura sA~cIkI unnata zailI ina donoMkA samanvaya thA / zrI rAyakRSNadAsane likhA hai ki "mathurA' kI zugakAlIna kalA mukhyataH jaina sampradAyako hai, kintu usameM brAhmaNa viSaya bhI pAye jAte haiN|" isase spaSTa hai ki mathurAmeM jaina mUrtikalAke sambandhameM bar3A bhArI kAma huA hai / mauryakAla aura guptakAlameM pUrvabhAratIya aura uttarabhAratIya jaina mUrtikalAkA bar3A bhArI vikAsa huA hai / zrI vAsudeva upAdhyAyane likhA hai "gupta lekhoMmeM aise varNana milate haiM jinase jJAta hotA hai ki usa samaya jaina dharmAvalambI bhI paryApta saMkhyAmeM the / guptakalAkAroMne jaina mUrtiyoMko usI sundaratAke sAtha taiyAra kiyA hai / mathurAmeM 24 veM tIrthaMkara vardhamAna mahAvIrakI eka mUtti milI hai jo kumAraguptake samayameM taiyAra kI gaI thii| mahAvIra padmAsana mAre dhyAnamudrAmeM dikhalAye gaye haiN| Asanake nIce lekha khudA hai tathA nicale bhAgameM cakra banA huA hai / cakrake donoM tarapha manuSyoMkI AkRtiyA~ haiM / skandaguptake zAsana kAlameM kahoma (jilA gorakhapura) nAmaka sthAnameM eka tIrthaMkarakI mUtti sthApita kI gayI thI"2 / ___ ataeva spaSTa hai ki lakhanaU aura prayAgake saMgrahAlayoMmeM anekoM guptakAlIna jaina mUttiyA~ haiM jinheM uttarabhAratIya kalAkI koTimeM rakhA jA sakatA hai| ina mUttiyoMkI sajIvatA aura svAbhAvikatA ucca koTikI hai| I0 pU0 188-30 I0 zugakAlameM uttarIya aura pUrvIya mUrtikalAkA mizraNa khaNDagiri aura udayagirike mUtizilpameM milatA hai| zrI rAyakRSNadAsa jaise kalApArakhIne likhA hai "ur3IsAke udayagiri aura khaNDagirimeM isa kAlakI kaTI huI sau ke lagabhaga jaina guphAe~ haiM jinameM mUtti zilpa bhI hai| inameMse ekakA nAma rAnIguphA hai| yaha domaMjile hai aura isake dvArapara mUttiyoMkA eka lambA paTTA hai jisakI mUrtikalA apane DhaMgakI nirAlI hai / use dekhakara yaha bhAna hotA hai ki vaha pattharakI mUtti na hokara eka hI sAtha citra aura kAThaparako nakkAzI hai / ur3IsAmeM Aja bhI kAThapara aisA kAma hotA hai jo raMga diyA jAtA hai aura taba ubharA huA citra jAna par3atA hai| vartamAna udAharaNase patA calatA hai ki vahA~ aisA kAma usa samaya bhI hotA thA jo isa paTTekA AdhAra thaa| isa dRSTise yaha paTTA mahattvakA hai" / dakSiNabhAratIya jainamUtti kalAkA vikAsa bhI I0 pU0 200-1300 I0 taka mAnA jA sakatA hai| itanI lambI avadhimeM aneka jainadharmAnuyAyI zAsaka hue, jinhoMne dharmapremase prerita hokara aneka mandira aura mUttiyoMkA nirmANa kraayaa| yadyapi jaina mUrtikalAke uttarIya aura dakSiNIya DhA~cemeM koI maulika antara nahIM, phira bhI sthAna bhedase thor3A-sA antara milatA hI hai / alagAmalameM khudAIse jo jainamUrtiyA~ upalabdha huI haiM, unakA kalAtmaka vizleSaNa karanepara patA lagatA hai ki una mUttiyoMkI saumyAkRti drAvir3akalAmeM adbhuta mAnI jA sakatI 1. dekheM bhAratIya mUttikalA pR0 59 2. gupta sAmrAjyakA itihAsa pR0 290 3. bhAratIya mUrtikalA pa0 60-61 /

Page #225
180 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna hai / ina mUttiyoMkA samaya I0 pU0 300-200 ke lagabhaga batAyA jAtA hai| sudUra prAcIna kAlameM jainamUttiyoMkI kevala rUparekhA (out line) hI banAyI jAtI thI, zilpI kisI vizAla pattharameM kevala AkRti cinhita kara detA thaa| kucha samayake uparAnta patthara kATakara mUtti gaDhanekI prathA pracalita huI / zravaNabelgolAkI prasiddha mUttike sambandhameM aneka vidvAnoMkA mata hai ki cAmuNDa rAyake pUrva usa mUrtikI rUparekhA hI aMkita thii| cAmuNDarAyane usI rUparekhAke AdhArapara mUrtikA gar3hana karAyA hai / yaha mUtti 57 phuTa U~cI, vizAlakAya khaDgAsana hai aura saMsArakI adbhuta aura ramaNIya vastuoMmeM se eka hai / isake sirake bAla ghugharAle, kAna bar3e, aura laMbe, vakSasthala caur3A, nIceko laTakatI huI vizAla bhujAe~ evaM kaTi kiJcit kSINa hai / mukhapara divya kAnti aura agAdha zAnti hai| ghuTanoMse kucha Upara taka bamIThe banAye gaye haiM, jinase sarpa nikalate hue aMkita kiye gaye haiM / donoM paira aura bhujAoMmeM mAdhavIya latAeM lipaTI huI haiM, itane para bhI mukhase divya AbhA, adbhuta zAnti, tathA durdhara tapakI chaTA TapakatI hai / yaha mUtti tapasyAkA sAkSAt avatAra mAlUma hotI hai| siMhAsana praphullita kamalake AkArakA hai, isa kamalapara bAyeM caraNake nIce tIna phuTa cAra iJcakA mApa khudA huA hai| kahA jAtA hai ki isa mApako aThArahagunA kara denepara samasta mUrtikA parimANa nikala AtA hai| yaha mUrti samasta vizvakI apUrva vastu hai, isakI jor3IkI dUsarI mUtti Aja saMsArake kisI bhI konemeM nahIM hai| dakSiNameM bAhubali svAmIkI do mUttiyA~ aura haiM eka kArakalameM aura dUsarI vainnuurmeN| prathama sthAnakI mUtti 41 phITa 5 iMca U~cI aura 10 phITa 6 iJca caur3I hai aura dUsare sthAnakI 35 phuTa U~cI hai / ye donoM mUttiyA~ bhI apane anupama saundarya, agAdha zAnti aura adbhuta prabhAvase apanI ora pratyeka vyaktiko AkRSTa kara letI haiM / isa prakAra dakSiNabhAratIya jaina mUrtikalAke aneka anupama nidarzana vartamAna hai / jaina mUrtikalAkI abhivyaJjanA zakti-satya, ziva aura sundara ina tInoM guNoMkI samanvita rUpameM abhivyakti honA hI jaina mUrtikalAko vizeSatA hai; para jainakalAkA satya anya sampradAyoMkI kalAke satyase bhinna hai / vItarAgatA-vikAroMkA abhAva yaha vaikAlika satya hai; kyoMki ajara, amara evaM avinAzI akhaNDa Atma tattvakA svabhAva vItarAgatA hai, isaliye traikAlika abAdhita satya vItarAgI bhAvanAoMko ubuddha karanA hI ho sakatA hai / ziva tattva bhI jainoMkA lokahita taka hI sImita nahIM hai, kintu unakA ziva amara AtmAkI anubhUti yA vikAra rahita Atmasthiti hai| jaina mUrtiyA~ isI zivakI abhivyaJjanA karatI haiN| jaina kalAkA saundarya bhI laukika sundarase rahita lokAtIta hai yA bAhya saundaryAkAMkSAse rahita Antarika Atmika guNoMkI abhivyakti hai / jaina mUrtiyoMkI mudrA yogamudrA hai, jisakA artha Atmika bhAvanAoMkI abhivyakti hai| nAsAgra dRSTi nirbhayatA aura saMsArake pralobhanoMke saMvaraNakI sUcaka; sira, zarIra aura gardanakA 8. Scc Madras Epigraphical reports 1907, 1910

Page #226
jaima tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 181 eka sIdhameM rahanA atulabala, AtmapratiSThAna, aura jagatkI moha mAyAse pRthaktvakA sUcaka tathA padmAsana pratimAmeM bAI hathelIke Upara dAI hathelokA khulA rahanA svArtha tyAga, carama santoSa, AdAna-pradAnakI bhAvanAse rahita, jisase rAga dveSakI utpatti hotI hai; aura khaDgAsana mUttimeM AjAna bAhuoMkA laTakanA kRtakRtya, saMsArake gorakha-dhandhese rahita, mAnasika aura zArIrika saMgharSako chinna karane meM saMlagna, prakANDa tathA vistRta vizvameM akelA hI apane sukha, duHkhakA bhoktA yaha jIva hai ki bhAvanAke saMdezakA sUcaka; prazAnta mukhamudrA, sarvatra zAnti aura premake sAmrAjyakI vyaJjaka evaM AbharaNa aura vastra hInatA apanI kamajoriyoM tathA yathArthatAko prakaTa karanekI bhAvanA kI sUcaka haiM / isa prakAra jaina mUttiyA~ apanI abhivyaJjanA dvArA saMsAra marubhUmimeM mRgatRSNAse saMtapta mAnavako parama zAnti aura kartavya parAyaNatAkA saMketa karatI haiM, unakA yaha saMketa nirjIva nahIM, varan sajIva hai / zAyada kalApremI sahRdayoMke cittameM yaha prazna uThe ki jaina mUttiyoMmeM zArIrasthAna vidyA (enATomI) ke liye koI sthAna nahIM, kintu jainamUti zilpameM dehakA khAkA, usakA gaThana, nApa-jokha Adi bAteM mUttikI AkRti, mukhamudrA aura usakI vividha gatibhaMgiyoMke nirIkSaNase jJAta ho jAtI haiM / jainakalAmeM Antarika bhAvanAoM dvArA vizeSa-vizeSa zArIrika bhaMgimAeM prakaTa kI gayI haiN| jainamUttikI prANachandakI rUparekhAparase hI zarIrako bhAvasamatA, khAkA, sUkSmatva Adi bAteM lakSya kI jA sakatI haiM / prANachandake dvArA hI zarIrake yathAvat darzana kiye jA sakate haiN| ataH jana tIrthaGkaroMkI tapaHpradhAna mUrtiyA~ tapobalake sAtha ArAdhakake samakSa zAnti, abhaya, aura kalAke divya Adarzako upasthita karatI haiN| isa prakAra jaina mUrtikalAmeM yuga-yugako saMskRti aura AdhyAtmikatAke bhAvoMkA sanniveza hai, jina bAtoMko kalAkAra kahanA cAhatA thA, jainamUrtiyA~ una bAtoMko abhivyakta karanemeM pUrNa samartha haiM / jaina citrakalA-vizvakI lalita kalAoMmeM citrakalAkA advitIya sthAna hai| isa kalA dvArA mAnava jAtike vyApaka aura.gambhIra bhAvoMko janatAke samakSa rakhA jA sakatA hai / jainoMne prAcIna kAlameM hI hRdayagata mUlyavAn bhAvoMke pravAhakA vyaktIkaraNa isa kalA dvArA kiyA hai| jaina zilpiyoMne mUka bhASAmeM apane mastiSkake vicAroM aura hRdayakI gUr3hatama bhAvanAoMke pravAhako raMga aura kUcIke sahAre kAgajake mAdhyama dvArA pravAhita kiyA hai / yadyapi kalA marmajJoMne jaina citrakalAko pRthak sthAna nahIM diyA hai, use vizeSa-vizeSa bhaugolika paristhitiyoMke anusAra bhAratIya kalAke antargata hI parigaNita kiyA hai, phira bhI itanA to sabhIne svIkAra kiyA hai ki jaina citroM ko abhivyaJjanA apane taurako pRthak hai| citroMkA sambandha dharmake sAtha jor3a denepara bhI jaina citra hRttaMtrIke tAroMko jhaMkRta karanemeM samartha haiM / zrInAnAlAla cimanalAla mehatAne jaina citrakalAke sambandhameM likhA hai-"parantu itanA avazya hai ki jaina citroMmeM eka prakArako nirmalatA, sphUrti aura gativega hai, jisase DA0 AnandakumAra svAmI jaise rasika vidvAn mugdha ho jAte haiN| ina citroMkI paramparA ajaMtA, elaurA, bAgha, sittannavAsalake bhitti citroM kI hai| samakAlIna sabhyatAke adhyayanake lie ina citroMse bahuta kucha jJAnavRddhi hotI hai| khAsakara pozAka, sAmAnya upayogameM AtI huI 1. dekheM bhAratIya citrakalA pR0 33

Page #227
182 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna cIjeM, Adike sambandhameM aneka bAteM jJAta hotI haiN"| smitha aura bUlarane bhI jaina citrakalAkI prazaMsA karate hue likhA hai ki "jainI citroMmeM eka naisargika aMtaHpravAha, gati, Dolana aura bhAvanidarza vidyamAna hai"| nissaMdeha jaina citrakalAkA dhyeya atyanta vyApaka aura ucca hai| jainAcAryoMne apane hAthoMse jainadharmake siddhAnta aura kathAoMko spaSTa karaneke liye citroMkA nirmANa kiyA tathA jaina rAjAoMne apanI kalApriyatAkA paricaya deneke liye lakSmIkA sadupayoga kara mandiroM, guphAoM aura granthoMmeM kuzala citrakAroM dvArA apanI AmnAyake anusAra citroMkA nirmANa karAyA / isa prakAra dharmakA Azraya pAkara jainacitrakalAmeM AdhyAtmika, naitika, sAmAjika aura prAkRtika rahasyoMkI abhivyaJjanA kI gyii| citrakalA marmajJoMne citroMke viddhacitra, aviddhacitra, rasacitra aura dhUlicitra ye cAra vibhAga kiye haiM / viddhacitra-jisameM bastukA sAkSAtkAra hotA hai yA usakI AbehUba pratikRti hotI hai| aise citra bhitti', kAgaja, kASTha-paTTikA Adipara banAye jAte haiN| ___ avicitra-jisakA vidhAna Akasmika kalpanAse hI hotA hai / aviddha citroMkA saundarya unake AkArameM mAnA jAtA hai / aise citra kAgajapara hI sundara bana sakate haiM, dIvAloMpara inakA yathAvat aMkana AsAnIse nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai / rasacitra-jinake darzana mAtrase zRMgAra Adi rasoMkA jJAna ho jAtA hai, unheM rasa citra kahate haiN| isakA udAharaNa nAyAdhammakathAmeM eka manoraMjaka AkhyAyikAmeM milatA hai| "mithilA nareza kuMbharAjake putra malladinnane apane liye sundara citrazAlA bnvaaii| usakI dIvAloMpara eka kuzala citrakArane rAjakumArI mallikAkA kevala aMgUThA dekhakara hI usakA pUrA aura AbehUba citra khIMca diyA / rAjakumArane jaba apanI bar3I bahanakA citra citrazAlAmeM dekhA taba usake manameM citrakAra aura rAjakumArIke sambandhameM saMzaya utpanna huA aura citrakArako prANadaNDakI AjJA dii| parantu jaba use mAlUma huA ki yaha citrakArako anupama kArIgarIkA pariNAma hai to usakI kUcI, raMgoMkI DibiyA Adiko tor3a-phor3akara nirvAsita kara diyA / "5 jaina sAhityameM isa prakArake rasacitra yA sAdRzya citroMke aneka udAharaNa milate haiN| dhulicitra-jainoMmeM isa prakArake citroMkA prAcInakAlase lekara Aja taka rivAja pracalita hai| pUjA-pAThoMmeM mAr3anA pUranA, cauka pUranA evaM cAvalake pujoM dvArA sAthiyA yA anya prakArake yaMtroMkA nirmANa karanA isa citra praNAlImeM garbhita hai| 1. Smith, History of fine art in India and Ceylon p. 133 Percy Brown. Indian painting pp. 38, 51 2. evaM dhavalite bhittau darpaNodarasannidhe / / phalakAdau paTAdau vA citralekhanamArabhet ||-bhaartiiy citrakalA pR0 5 3. Akasmike likhAmIti yadA tUddizya likhyate / AkAramAtrasampatve tadaviddhamiti smRtam ||-abhilssitaarth cintAmaNi pR0 282 4. zRMgArAdi raso yatra darzanAdeva gamyate-zilparatna / 5. dekheM-bhagavAn mahAvIrano dharmakathAo pR0 225

Page #228
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 183 aitihAsika dRSTise jaina citrakalAke sambandha meM vicAra karanepara jJAta hotA hai ki I0 sanse kaI zatAbdI pahale guphAoM, mandiroM evaM dharmasthAna maThoM AdimeM bhitipara citrAMkana karanekI prathA jainoMmeM thI / ye prAcIna dhvaMsAvazeSa Aja bhI jaina citrakalA ke mahattva aura bhavyatAke rahasyako surakSita kiye hue haiN| madhya prAnta ke antargata saragujA sTeTameM rAmagiri nAmakI pahAr3I hai, jisapara jogImArA nAmaka guphA citrita hai / isakI ' pradhAna caukhaTapara eka atyanta sundara, bhAvapUrNa citra aMkita hai / prAcIna bhAratIya citrakalAmeM raMgoM aura rekhAoM kI dRSTise yaha apUrva hai / isa citra paricaya meM muni zrI kAntisAgarajIne 'jainAzrita citrakalA' nAmaka lekhameM likhA hai 2 - 1 eka vRkSake nimna bhAgameM eka puruSakA citra hai| bAIM ora apsarAe~ va gandharva haiM / dAhinI ora susajjita julUsa khar3A hai / 2 aneka puruSa, cakra tathA vividha prakArake alaMkAra haiM / 3 AdhA bhAga aspaSTa hai / eka vRkSapara pakSI, puruSa aura zizu haiN| cAro ora mAnava - samUha umar3A huA hai, kezoMkI granthi lagI huI hai / 4 padmAsanastha puruSa hai / eka ora mandirakI khir3akI tathA tIna ghor3oMse jutA huA ratha hai / ataH spaSTa hai ki isa citrameM jaina munikI dIkSAkA varNana aMkita kiyA gayA hai| I0 600-625 ke pallava vaMzIya rAjA mahendravarmanake dvArA nirmita padukoTA sthita nivAsallI guhA citra janakalAke adbhuta nidarzana haiM / yahA~ke citroM meM bhAva Azcarya DhaMga sphuTa hue haiM aura AkRtiyA~ bilkula sajIva mAlUma par3atI haiM / samasta guphA kamaloMse alaMkRta hai / sAmaneke khambhoMko ApasameM gunthI huI kamalanAlakI latAoMse sajAyA gayA hai / chatapara tAlAbakA dRzya aMkita hai, usameM hAthiyoM, jalavihaMgamoM, machaliyoM, kumudinI aura padmoMkI zobhA nirAlI hai / tAlAba meM snAna karate hue do vyakti - eka gaura aura dUsarA zyAma varNake citrita kiye gaye haiM / isI guphAke eka stambhapara eka nartakIkA sundara citra hai, isa citrameM citrita nartakIko bhAvabhaMgimA dekhakara logoMko AzcaryAnvita honA par3atA hai / nartakIke kamanIya aMgoMkA sanniveza citrakArane bar3I khUbIke sAtha kiyA hai| yaha maMDodaka citra hai / sittannavAsalakI citrakArI ajantAke samAna sundara aura apUrva hai' / ur3IsA bhuvanezvarakI guphAoMmeM bhI jaina citra aMkita haiM, ina citroMke saundarya aura bhAvAbhivyaJjanaM adbhuta haiM / bhitti citroMkI paramparA jainoMmeM bahuta samaya taka calatI rahI / mUDabidrIke candranAtha caityAlayake khambhoMpara utkIrNa prAkRtika citra apanI AbhAse saMsArako AzcaryameM DAla sakate haiM / ina citroMmeM bAhya AkarSaNa, prakRtikA sAdRzya, usakI ramaNIyatA, kampana aura naisargika pravAha vartamAna hai / 1. dekheM -- bhAratakI citrakalA 11-12 2. vizeSa jAnaneke liye dekheM - vizAlabhArata navambara 1947

Page #229
184 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna 12vIM sadIke uparAnta 16vIM sadI taka gujarAta aura dakSiNameM jaina citrakalAkA paryApta vikAsa huaa| nizIthacUNi, aMgasUtra, triSaSThizalAkApuruSacaritra, neminAtha caritra, kathAratna sAgara digambara pUjA-pAThoMke guTake saMgrahaNIyasUtra, uttarAdhyayana, kalpasUtra, jaina rAmAyaNa, trilokasAra, triloka prajJapti, bhaktAmara, dhavalATIkA ityAdi jaina graMtha sacitra pAye jAte haiM / isa jaina citrita graMtha zailIkI paramparAke kAraNa isa citra zailIkA nAma jaina zailI rakhA jAya to anucita na hogA; kyoMki isa jaina paramparApara jainetara bhI kaI grantha sacitra likhe gaye / jainoMmeM sacitra graMthoMkI do praNAliyAM hai, pahalImeM viSaya dvArA samajhAnekA yatna kiyA gayA hai, samasta dharmakathAko citroM dvArA hI abhivyakta kiyA hai / isa zailImeM jaina rAmAyaNa aura bhaktAmara pramukha haiM / bhaktAmarake pratyeka zlokake bhAvako eka-eka citra dvArA vyakta kiyA gayA hai, isI prakAra rAmAyaNakI kathAko jaina paramparAke anusAra citroMmeM batAyA hai, pratyeka pRSThake donoM ora jitano kathA dI hai, utanI kathAko vyakta karane vAle citra bhI diye haiN| dUsarI praNAlImeM granthake viSayase bAhya citra diye jAte haiM, isameM citrakA sambandha viSayase nahIM rahatA hai, pratyuta usako saundarya vRddhike liye yA anya hRdayagata bhAvanAoMko sphuTa karaneke liye citroMkA aMkana karate haiM / isa madhyakAlIna jaina citrakalAke sambandhameM eka vidvAnne likhA hai "saca pUchie to madhyakAlIna citrakalAke avazeSoMke liye hama mukhyataH jaina bhaNDAroMke AbhArI haiM / pahalI bAta to yaha hai ki isa kAlameM prAyaH eka hajAra varSa taka jainadharmakA prabhAva bhAratavarSake eka bahuta bar3e hisse meM phailA huA thaa| dUsarA kAraNa dhanI-mAnI jainiyoMne bahuta bar3I saMkhyAmeM dhArmika grantha tAr3apatrapara likhita aura citrita (Illuminated) karAkara baMTavAye the / ataeva saMkSepameM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki mAdhurya, oja aura sajIvatA jaina citrakalAmeM pUrNa rUpase vartamAna hai| jaina saMgItakalA-isa kalAkA AdhAra indriyagamya hai, para isakA adhika sambandha nAdase hai / saMgItameM AtmAkI bhItarI dhvaniko prakaTa kiyA jAtA hai| isameM tanika bhI sandeha nahIM hai ki nAdako sahAyatAse hameM apane Antarika AhlAdako prakaTa karanemeM bar3I suvidhA hotI hai / saMgItakA prabhAva bhI vyApaka, rocaka aura vistRta hotA hai| jaina prAcInakAlase hI isa kalAkA upayoga karate cale A rahe haiN| jaina vAGmayameM saMgItako kriyAvizAla nAmake pUrva meM antarbhUta kiyA hai arthAt saMgItako vAGmayakA eka aMga batAyA hai, isIliye prAcInakAlameM hI isa viSayapara aneka racanAe~ huI thiiN| jaina purANoMmeM aise aneka varNana haiM, jinameM jaina rAjAoM, unakI rAniyoM tathA anya logoMkA saMgItajJa honA batAyA gayA hai / bhaktike prabala vegako bar3hAneke lie mandiroMmeM gAyana aura vAdanakA prayoga hotA thaa| nAgakumAra caritrase patA lagatA hai ki svayaMvarameM kanyAe~ Agata rAjakumAroMko celeMja detI thIM ki jo unheM vINAvAdana aura saMgItameM parAjita kara degA, vahI unakA prANezvara ho skegaa| isa granthameM kavi puSpadantane likhA hai ki nAgakumArane svayaM mandirameM vINA bajAyI 1. vizeSa jAnaneke liye dekheM-jaina siddhAnta bhAskara bhAga 5 kiraNa 2 pR0 103-140 tathA bhAskara bhAga 12 kiraNa 1 pR0 4 2. dekheM-jaina siddhAnta bhAskara bhAga 12 kiraNa 1 pR0 5

Page #230
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 185 aura unakI striyoMne nRtya kara utsava mnaayaa| puSpadanta kavine vINA, dundubhi, Dhukka, bherI. mRdaMga, zaMkha, jhAlara, tUrya, ghaMTA Adi vAdyoMkA ullekha kiyA hai| AdipurANa meM bhI saMgItake sambandhameM kaI ullekha haiM / ' sarvArthasiddhimeM zabdoM -svaroMke tata vitata, ghana aura suSira ye cAra bheda kiye haiM / Dholaka, mRdaMga, nakkArA Adike zabdoMko tata; sitAra, vINA Adike svarako vitata; ghaNTA, jhAlara, Adike svarako ghana aura turaI, zaMkha Adike svarako suSira kahA gayA hai / isa zabdasvara vibhAgakA saMgItakalAkI dRSTise parIkSaNa karanepara patA calatA hai ki jainoMko gAyana aura vAdana donoMkA mizraNa saMgItakalAmeM abhipreta thA / sthAnAMga sUtrakI abhayadeva viracita saMskRta TIkAmeM saMgItake guNa doSoMkA acchA vivecana kiyA hai / isameM saMgItake bhIta, druta, rahasya, uttAla, kAkasvara aura anunAsa ye cha: doSa batAye haiM / bhItase tharrAne, drutase jaldabAjI, rahasyase dhImI AvAja, uttAlase tAlabhaMga, kAkasvarase AvAjameM kaDuvApana aura anunAsase nAkase zabda karanese tAtparya hai / guNoMmeM pUrNa, rakta, alaMkRta, vyakta, avighuSTa, madhura, sama aura sukumAra ginAye gaye haiM / jisameM sabhI svara pUrNarIti aura zuddhatApUrvaka uccarita hoM, use pUrNa, rAgameM bhAvoMkA bharanA rakta alaMkAroM se bhUSita alaMkRta, laya aura svarakA spaSTa uccAraNa vyakta gardabhasvarakA tyAga karanA avighuSTa, mAdhurya pUrNa kokila svarase gAnA madhura; zruti aura tAlakA sAmaJjasya rakhanA sama evaM saMgIta meM loca lAnA sukumAra kahalAtA hai / saMgIta ra samayasAra pArzvadevakI 13vIM zatAbdIkI saMgItaviSayaka apUrva racanA hai / isameM nAdotpatti, nAdabheda, dhvanibheda, gIta lakSaNa aura usake bheda - Alapti, varNa, alaMkAra Adi, gamaka - rAgoMke rAgAMga, bhASAMga, upAMga Adi bhedoMkA varNana; cAra prakArake anavadyAdi vAdyoMkA svarUpa; nRtya aura abhinayakA vivecana; tAlakI AvazyakatA aura svarUpa prabhRti bAtoMpara prakAza DAlA gayA hai / madhyamAdi tor3I, vasaMta, bhairavI, zrI, zuddhabaMgAla, mAlavazrI, varAhI, gauDa, dhanAzrI, guMDakRti, gurjarI, dezI ye teraha rAgAMga rAga-lakSaNa sahita batAye gaye haiM / velAvalI, andhAsI sAyarI ( asAvarI ), phala, maMjarI, lalitA, kauzikI, nATA, zuddha, varATI, zrIkaNThI ye nau bhASAMga rAga diye haiN| Age varAhI Adi 21 upAMga rAga diye gaye haiM / ina saba rAgoMkA khUba vistArapUrvaka vivecana kiyA hai / tAlake sambandhameM eka sundara zloka diyA hai tAlamUlAni geyAni tAle savaM pratiSThitam / tAlahInAni geyAni mantrahInA yathAhutiH // gAyaka, vAdaka aura nartakake sambandhameM bhI atyanta sUkSma jJAtavya bAteM dI gayI haiM / rAga rAganiyoMke sambandhameM sUkSmAtisUkSma vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai / jaina saMgIta kalAke namUne gItavItarAga, jaise saMskRta kAvya granthoM evaM hindIke pada, bhajana aura lAvanI AdimeM milate haiM / 1. nAgakumAra carita bhUmikA pR0 28 2. dekheM -- jaina - siddhAnta - bhAskara bhAga 9 kiraNa 2 tathA bhAga 10 kiraNa 1 24

Page #231
186 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna jaina kAvyakalA-vizeSajJoMne lalitakalAoMmeM sabase UMcA sthAna kAvyakalAko diyA hai| mastiSka para apanA prabhAva DAlane meM ise anya avalambanakI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai, isIlie lalitakalAoMmeM ise zreSTha sthAna prApta hai / viSayakI dRSTise isake do bheda kiye jA sakate haiM-prathama vaha jisameM kavi apanI bItI bAta kahatA hai aura dUsarA vaha jisameM jagabItI bAta kahatA hai| apanI bItI bAta kahanemeM nijIpanekA anubhava honeke kAraNa bhAvAtmakatAkI mAtrA adhika rahatI hai tathA kavike hRdayagata bhAva eka nayI prakArakI jhaMkArake sAtha prakaTa hote haiM, aise kAvyoMko pragIta ( Lyrical ) kahate haiM / yaha antarmukhI kAvya hotA hai / jisameM jagabItI bAta kavi kahatA hai, vaha kAvya anukRta (Imitatiue) kahalAtA hai, isameM varNanakI pradhAnatA hotI hai / aise kAvya prabandhakAvya kahalAte haiM / jaina kAvyakalAmeM donoM hI prakArakI racanAe~ vartamAna haiM / bhAratakI prAyaH sabhI bhASAoMmeM kAvya grantha likhe gaye haiN| yadyapi isa nibandhameM samasta jaina kAryoMkI bArIkiyoMke sambandhameM kucha bhI nahIM likhA jA sakatA hai, phira bhI nAmabhara ginAkara isa kalAke viSayameM katipaya bAteM likhI jaayegii| jaina kAvya granthoMmeM dharmazarmAbhyudaya, candraprabha, munisuvrata, pArvAbhyudaya, neminirvANa, amaruzataka, yazastilakacampU, purudevacampU, jIvandharacampU, kAvyAnuzAsana, alaMkAracintAmaNi, gadyacintAmaNi, zIladUta, nemidUta, cetodUta, indradUta, pavanadUta, manodUta, dvisandhAna, saptasandhAna, kSatracUr3AmaNi, chando'nuzAsana, ratnamaMjUSA Adi racanAyeM ullekhanIya haiM / ___mahAkavi haricandrane dharmazarmAbhyudayameM sUkSma kalpanA, bhAva gAmbhIrya, rasIlI bhASAkA prayoga kara adbhuta camatkAra dikhalAyA hai| bhASA aura zailIko camacamAhaTa bhAvako turanta hRdayaMgama karAtI hai| madhura vAkyAvalImeM baddha kavi-vicAra rasagulleke samAna saba prakArase acche lagate haiM / kavine apanI anubhUtikI vyApakatAke kAraNa aise viSayoMkA vidhAna kiyA hai jo mAnavamAtrakI anubhUtise sambandha rakhate haiM / bhAvoMke prakRta AdhArakA kalpanA dvArA pUrNa tathA yathAtathya pratyakSIkaraNa isameM vartamAna hai / ataH rati, hAsya, zoka, krodha ityAdi kI aisI anabhati prakaTa kI hai, jisase pAThaka kAvyameM tanmaya hae binA nahIM raha sktaa| kavine nIle nabhameM camakate hue pUrNacandrakI kitanI sundara kalpanAe~ kI haiM kiM sIdhanA sphaTikapAnapAtramidaM rajanyAH paripUryamANam / caladvirephoccayacumbyamAnamAkAzagaMgAsphuTakairavaM vaa|| artha-kyA yaha madyase bharA huA rajanIkA sphaTika nirmita pAnapAtra-pyAlA (kapa) hai ? yA caJcalabhramara samUha dvArA cumvyamAna mandAkinIkA vikasita sapheda kamala hai|' airAvaNasyAtha karAtkaJciccyutaH sapaMko viSakanda essH| kiM vyomni nIlotpaladarpaNAbhe sazmazruvaktraM pratibimbitaM me // kyA airAvata hAthIko sUMDase girA huA paMka yukta mRNAla hai ? yA nIlamaNi nirmita darpaNake samAna AbhA vAle AkAzameM dAr3hI-mUMcha sahita mukha hI prativimbita ho rahA hai ? 1. dharmazarmAbhyudaya sarga 4 zlo* 42-41

Page #232
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 187 kavikI uparyukta utprekSA kisa rasikako mugdha na kregii| isa mahAkAvyameM utprekSA, upamA, rUpaka, samAsokti, zleSa, bhrAnti aura kAvyaliGga Adi alaMkAroMkI chaTA nirAlI hI dikhalAI par3atI hai / isI prakAra candraprabhakAvya bhI apane sarasa, madhura aura sudRr3ha padyoM dvArA pAThakoMko rasasaritAmeM majjana karAtA hai / zrI jinasenAcAryane meghadUtakI pAdapUrtimeM pAzvarvAbhyudayakI racanA kI hai| isa kavine zRMgAra rasase ota-prota zlokoMke caraNoMko bhagavAn pArzvanAthakI paurANika vArtAke sA~cemeM DhAlakara raudra, vIra aura zAnta rasakI apUrva triveNI pravAhita kI hai / ___ "tasya sthitvA kathamapi puraH kautukAdhAnahetoH" isa padyAMzameM kavi kAlidAsane yakSakI viraha vedanAkA aMkana kiyA hai, kintu jaina kavine sinemAke citrapaTake samAna zRMgArika mUttiko vilIna kara usake sthAnapara raudramUtti zAmbarako khar3A kiyA hai so'sau jAlmaH kapaTahRdayo daityapAzaH hatAzaH smRtvA vairaM munimapaghRNo hantukAmo nikAmam / krodhAtspharjan navajalamucaH kAlimAnaM dadhAna stasya sthitvA kathamapi puraH kautukAdhAnahetoH / / donoMmeM kitanA mahAn antara hai / jainAcAryone kAvyoM dvArA dhArmika evaM saiddhAntika tattvoM aura niyamoMkA pracAra kiyA hai / inhoMne zRMgArakI ora jAtI huI kAvyadhArAko mor3akara bhakti aura zAnta rasakI ora lagAyA hai| jainoMne rAjanIti, samAja vijJAna, arthazAstra, tattvacarcA Adi viSayoMkA samAveza bhI jaina kAvyoMmeM kiyA hai / saMkSepameM jaina kAvyakalAmeM ve sAre tattva vartamAna hai jo mAnava hRdayako sparza karanevAle haiM tathA jinameM Anandodreka karanevAlA rUpa-sauSThava pUrNa rUpase hai| ataeva jainakalA vizvakI lalitakalAoMmeM apanA pramukha sthAna rakhatI hai| .

Page #233
prAcIna jaina sikkoM kA adhyayana pratyeka deza aura jAtike jIvana utthAnake liye itihAsako paramAvazyakatA hai, kyoMki atItakI gauravamayI dIpazikhA dvArA patha pradarzanakA kArya itihAsase hI sampanna hotA hai / jaina itihAsakA varSose anusaMdhAna ho rahA hai / zilAlekha, tAmrapatra, mUttilekha, sikke, jaina granthoMkI prazastiyA~, videzI yAtriyoMke yAtrA vivaraNa evaM dezI-videzI vidvAnoM dvArA likhita aitihAsika graMtha jaina itihAsa nirmANa ke maulika upakaraNa haiM / sikkoMke atirikta anya aitihAsika sAmagrIkA upayoga jaina evaM jainetara vidvAnoMne barAbara kiyA hai| aba taka itihAsa nirmANake pradhAna upAdAna sikkoMko adhyayana jaina dRSTikoNase karanekI dizA prAyaH rikta hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki bhUgarbhase prApta sikkoMkA abhI bhI jaina mAnyatA dene meM vidvAnoMko jhijhaka ho rahI hai / ataeva prastuta nibaMdhakA dhyeya vidvAnoMkA dhyAna isa dizAkI ora AkRSTa karanA hI hai| san 1884 meM kaniMghama sAhabane' ahicchatrase prApta tAMbeke sikke eka ora puSpa sahita kamala aura dUsarI ora 'zrI mahArAja hari guptasya' aGkita dekhakara yaha tarka upasthita kiyA thA ki isa sikke meM aMkita dharmabhAvanA vaidika dharma aura bauddhadharmase bhinna jainadharmakI dharma bhAvanA hai| kyoMki vaidika dharma bhAvanAko abhivyaktike lie guptavaMzake rAjAoMne yajJIya azvamUtti, viSNubhakta isa vaMzake rAjAoMne apanI dharmabhAvanAkI abhivyaktike lie lakSmImUtti, zivabhaktoMne apanI dharmabhAvanAkI abhivyaktike lie nAndI yA zivaliMga aura bauddhadharmAnuyAyiyoMne apanI dharmabhAvanAkI abhivyaktike liye caitya AkRti aMkita kI hai / puSpa sahita kamalakI AkRtikA sambandha kevala jaina dharmoke pratIkoMke sAtha hI jor3A jA sakatA hai| jainadharmameM aSTamaMgala dravyoMkA bar3A mahattva hai| pratyeka kAryameM usakI saphalatAke lie ina maMgaladravyoMkA upayoga kiyA jAtA hai / kalazakA ina maMgala dravyoMmeM pramukha sthAna hai / mathurAse prApta sthApatyavizeSoMmeM maMgala kalazakI AkRti milatI hai tathA aneka hastalikhita granthoMmeM bhI maMgala kalazakA cihna upalabdha hai / ataH kumbha kalaza pratIka aMkita sikke jaina hai / kaniMghamasAhabake sAtha bhAratIya sikkoMkA adhyayana kaimbrija kaoNlejake adhyApaka repsana, elena, gArDanara, buhalara, visenTasmitha, siueDa, hvAiTeDa, rAkhAladAsa, vandyopAdhyAya, DA. gaurIzaMkara hIrAcanda ojhA Adi vidvAnoMne kiyA hai / kaniMghama sAhabake atirikta samasta vidvAnoMne vaidika, vaiSNava, zaiva aura bauddhadharmako dhArmika bhAvanAe~ hI prApta mudrAoMmeM vyakta kI hai / yadi ye vidvAn jaina pratIkoMse suparicita hote to avazya hI aneka sikkoMko jaina siddha karate / kAraNa spaSTa hai ki sikkoMmeM tad-tad dharmAnuyAyI rAjAoMne apanI-apanI dharmabhAvanAko pratIkoM dvArA abhivyakta kiyA hai / prAcIna kAlameM aneka jaina rAjA hue haiM, jinhoMne apanI mudrAe~ pracalita kI hai| ina jaina rAjAoMne apanI mudrAoMmeM jaina pratIkoM dvArA apanI dharmabhAvanAko abhivyakta kiyA hai| purAtana rAjAoMmeM aise bhI aneka rAjA hue haiM jo ArambhameM vaidika yA bauddhadharmakA pAlana karate the, para pIche jaina AcAryoMse prabhAvita hokara jainadharmameM dIkSita ho gaye athavA prArambhameM jainadharmakA pAlana karate 1. jaina sAhitya no itihAsa pR0 131, guptavaMzanA jainAcArya zIrSaka

Page #234
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 189 the, pIche kisI kAraNavaza vaidika yA bauddha dharmakA pAlana karane lage / aise rAjAoMke sikkoMmeM kaI prakArako dharma bhAvanAe~ milatI haiM / jaba taka ye vaidika dharma yA bauddhadharmakA pAlana karate rahe, usa samaya takakI mudrAoMmeM inhoMne vaidika yA bauddhadharmako bhAvanAko vyakta kiyA hai / jaina dharmAnuyAyI bana jAnepara uttarakAlIna mudrAoMmeM jainadharmakI bhAvanAoMko pratIkoM dvArA prakaTa kiyA hai / isI prakAra jo prArambhameM jaina the, unhoMne usa samayameM calAI mudrAoMmeM jaina bhAvanA aura uttarakAlameM dharma parivartana kara lenepara usa parivattita dharmakI bhAvanAko vyakta kiyA hai| una videzI sikkAoMmeM bhI jainadharma ke pratIka milate haiM, jina dezoMmeM jainadharmake pracArakoMne vahA~ ke rAjAoMko apane dharma meM dIkSita kara liyA thaa| bhAratameM aba taka prApta sikkoMmeM lIDiyA dezake sone aura cA~dose mizrita zveta dhAtuke sikke sabase prAcIna haiM / ina sikkoMko bhAratameM mAla kharIdaneke lie vahA~ vAle yahA~ lAye the| kaI varSa hue paMjAbake vannU jilemeM sindhu nadIke pazcimI taTapara lIDiyAke rAjA krIsasakA sonekA eka sikkA milA hai / raMgapura jileke sadyaH puSpakAriNI nAmaka gA~vake prasiddha jamIdAra zrIyut mRtyuJjaya rAya caudharIne yaha sikkA kharIda liyA hai| isa sikke meM eka ora vRSabha aura eka siMhakA mu~ha banA hai, tathA dUsarI ora eka choTA aura eka bar3A paMcamArka cihna aMkita hai| uparyukta sikke meM aMkita pratIka vRSabha aura siMhakA sambaMdha jainadharmako dhArmika bhAvanAse hai; kyoMki sikkA nirmAtAne apane priya dharmake isa yugIna prathama tIrthaMkara bhagavAn RSabhanAthake cihna vRSabha (sA~Da) tathA aMtima tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIrakI abhivyakti kI hai / jaina graMthoMse vidita bhI hotA hai ki yUnAna, roma, misra , brahmA, zyAma, aphrIkA, sumAtrA, jAvA, boniyoM Adi dezoMmeM jainadharmakA pracAra IsvI sanse kaI zatAbdI pahale hI vartamAna thaa| ataeva krIsasakA ahiMsA dharma pAlaka honA asambhava nahIM hai| raipsanane apane 'bhAratIya sikke' nAmaka grantha aura rAyala eziyATika sosAyaTIkI patrikAke aneka nibandhoMmeM bhAratIya yUnAnI rAjAoMke sikkoMkA vivaraNa upasthita kiyA hai / 1. According to Iterodotus the Earliest Stamped money was made by the Lydians-Coins of Ancient-India, p. 3. The Earliest Coinage, of the ancient world would apeal chiefty to have been of silver and electrum; The latter metal being conbined to Asia Minar, and the former to areece and India. Some of the Lydian staters of pale gerd may be old as Gyges. Ibid, P. 19. Notes on 'India Coins and seals. Journal of the Royal Aciatic society, 1900-5, Coins of the Greco-Indian Sovercigns, Agathocleia and strato, soter and strato 11 Philopatar. Numismatic Notes ano Novelties, Journal of the aciatic Society of Bengal-old series, 1, 1890. 2 Notes

Page #235
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna isa vivaraNase pratIta hotA hai ki yUnAnI aneka rAjAoMpara jainadharmakA pUrNa prabhAva thA; isI kAraNa unhoMne apane sikkoMmeM jaina pratIkoMkA sthAna diyaa| ayaliSake' dasa prakArake cAMdIke sikke mile haiM, jo sabake saba golAkAra haiM / unameM kaI sikkoMpara jaina pratIka nahIM haiM / kintu isake tAMbeke sAta prakArake sikkoMmeMse dUsare prakArake sikkoMpara eka ora khar3e hue harakyulasakI mUtti dUsarI ora azvakI mUtti hai| tIsare prakArake sikkoMpara azvake badalemeM vRSabhakI mUrti hai, cauthe prakArake sikkoMpara vRSabhake sthAnapara hAthIko mUrti hai / pA~caveM prakArake sikkoMpara eka ora hAthIkI mUtti aura dUsarI ora vRSabhakI mUtti hai / uparyukta ayiliSake tA~beke sikkoMmeM upayoga kiyA gayA hai / azva tRtIya tIrthakara bhagavAn saMbhavanAthakA cihna hai, vRSabha prathama tIthaMkara bhagavAn AdinAthakA cihna hai para hAthI dvitIya tIrthaGkara bhagavAn ajitanAthakA cihna hai / isa rAjAke cA~dIke sikkoMpara eka bhI jaina pratIka aMkita nahIM hai, tA~beke sikkoMmeM tIna-cAra prakArake sikke jaina pratIkoMse yukta haiM, isase pratIta hotA hai ki yaha rAjA prArambha meM jaina dharmAnuyAyI nahIM thA / uttarakAlameM kisI jaina zramaNake prabhAvase ahiMsA dharmakA anuyAyI bana gayA thaa| vAstavika bAta yaha hai ki zaka rAjAoMmeM kaI rAjA jaina dharmakA pAlana karate the| . IsvI san se pUrva pahalI aura dUsarI zatIke ujjayinIke tA~beke sikkoMpara eka ora vRSabha aura dUsarI ora sumeru parvata aMkita hai / ina sikkoMmeM spaSTatayA jaina pratIkoMkA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / vRSabhase Adima tIrthaMkarakI bhAvanA aura sumeru parvatase vizAla vizvako bhAvanA abhivyakta kI gaI hai| jainAgamameM sumeruko isa pRthvIkA kendra bindu mAnA hai| prAcIna hastalikhita katipaya graMthoMke antameM sumeru parvata graMtha samAptike anantara kiyA gayA hai| isa bhAvanAkA tAtparya yaha hai ki jisa prakAra sUrya, candra, nitya sumeruko pradakSiNA kiyA karate haiM, usI prakAra yaha jainadharma 'yAvaccandradivAkarau' sthita rahe / sumeruko racanAke saMbaMdha bhI kaI vidhiyA~ prApta hotI haiN| kucha sikkoMmeM tIna cipaTe zUnyoMkA parvatAkAra Dhera, kuchameM chaH cipaTe zanyoMkA Dhera aura kuchameM nau cipaTe zUnyoMkA parvatAkAra Dhera haiM / tIna zUnya ratnatrayake pratIka, chaH zUnya Sadravyake pratIka aura nau zUnya navapadArthake pratIka haiM / isa prakAra sumeruke vibhinna AkRtiyoMmeM janabhAvanAko vibhinna prakArase abhivyakta kiyA gayA hai| vaidika yA bauddhadharmameM sumeruko itanA mahattvapUrNa sthAna prApta nahIM hai, jitanA jainadharmameM / yahI kAraNa hai ki prAcIna lipikAroMne grantha samAptimeM sumerukI AkRti aMkita kI hai| janapada aura gaNarAjyoMke prApta sikkoMmeM kucha sikke udambara jAtike mAne jAte haiN| smitha sAhabane tA~be aura pItalake bane hue bahutase choTe-choTe golAkAra sikkoMko udambara 1. Catalogue of coins in the punjab Museum, Lahore Vol. 1, P. 139, Nos 361-62 Connigham's Colns of Ancient India Vol. I, P. 50, 3 khaNDa jainadharma kI bhakti zraddhA tho-dekheM saMkSipta jaina itihAsa bhAga 3 khaNDa 2 pR013 2. Coins of Ancient India P. 14. Indian Museam Cains VoI. I. P. 154-155, No, 29, 30, 34. P. 155 No. 35.

Page #236
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti jAtike sikke mAnA hai| usakA kahanA hai ki do prakArake tA~beke sikkoMpara udumbara jAtikA nAma likhA milatA hai / pahale prakArake sikkoM para eka ora hAthI, gheremeM bodhivRkSa aura nIce eka sA~pa hai| dUsarI ora dotallA yA tInatallA mandira stambhake Upara svastika aura dharmacakra hai| nizcaya hI ye pahalI prakArake sikke kisI jaina dharmAnuyAyI udambara jAtike rAjAke haiM / ina mudrAoMmeM aMkita dharma bhAvanA jainadharmakI hai| hAthI dvitIya tIrthaMkarakA lAJchana aura bodhivRkSa kevala jJAna prApta karanekA saMketa hai athavA bhagavAnke ATha prAtihAryoM se pahalA pratihArya hai / nIce sA~pa aMkita hai vaha teIsaveM tIrthaGkara bhagavAn pArzvanAthakA cinha hai / ataH mudrAko prathama pIThikA jaina saMketoMmeM yukta hai / dUsarI pI ThikAmeM jo mandira stambhake Upara svastika aura dharmacakra batAye gaye haiM, ve bhI jaina pratIka haiM / mandirake stambhake Upara svastika aura dharmacakra aMkita karanekI praNAlI Aja bhI jahA~-tahAM pAI jAtI hai| svastikako jaina dharmameM maMgalakArI mAnA gayA hai| kahIM-kahIM syAdvAda darzanakA pratIka bhI svastikako mAnA hai / jo vyakti use syAdvAda darzanakA pratIka mAnate haiM ve isakA artha su = samasta, asti = sthiti ka= prakaTa karanevAlA arthAt samasta saMsArakI samasta vastuoMkI vAstavika sthiti prakaTa karanekI sArmathya syAdvAda darzanameM hai, ataH svastika syAdvAda darzanakA pratIka hai| prAcIna hastalikhita granthoMmeM grantha Arambhake pahale svastika cihna tathA grantha samApta karanepara bhI svastika cihna maMgalasUcaka honeke kAraNa diyA gayA hai| svastikameM jaina mAnyatAnusAra jIvanakI bhI abhivyaJjanA vartamAna hai| svastikake kinAredAra cAroM ora cAra gatiyoMke pratIka hai / jIva-adharma-svabhAva bahirmukha hone ke kAraNa tiryaJca, manuSya aura deva gatiyoMmeM paribhramaNa karatA hai, jaba yaha dharma sva-svabhAvameM sthira ho jAtA hai to prabhu bana jAtA hai / dharma svabhAvakA dyotaka madhya binduse haTakara koI bhI sthAna hai, jo bandhakA kAraNa hai| jaina mAnyatAoMmeM svastikako pratyeka zilpa, grantha, mudrA AdimeM aMkita isalie kiyA gayA hai ki jIva apane svabhAva ko pahacAnakara caturgatike paribhramaNase chuTakArA pA ske| ___ dharmacakra jaina saMskRtikA pramukha pratIka hai, isakI gaNanA arhantake atizayoMmeM kI gayI 1. Coins of Ancient India P. 88. P. Journal of Procerdings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal Vol x, Numismatic Supplement No XXIII P. 247. Coins of Ancient India P. 68. 3. uccara zokatarusaMzritamunmayUkha mAbhAti rUpamamalaM bhavato nitAntam / spaSTollasatkiraNamastatamovitAnaM bimbaM raveriva payodharapArzvavati // - -bhaktArastotra padya saMgraha 28 4. dekheM-zrI jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, bhAga 10, kiraNa 1, pR0 59-60 tathA Baranett, Antiauilities of India P. 253,

Page #237
192 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna hai / pratyeka tIrthaGkarake tIrtha pravartana kAlameM dharmacakra Age calatA hai| jaina sAhitya meM batAyA gayA hai ki prathama tIrthaGkara bhagavAn RSabhadevane takSazilA meM isakA pravartana kiyA thaa| prAcIna jainAgama meM dharmacakrakA aneka sthAnoMpara ullekha AyA hai, yaha yojana pramANa suvistRta sarvaratnatraya hotA hai / kuSANakAla se lekara madhyakAla takakI jaina pratimAoMke nIce dharmacakrakA cihna avazya rahA hai / ataeva isameM koI saMdeha nahIM ki uparyukta udambara jAtikA sikkA jaina hai, usameM aMkita sabhI pratIka jaina haiM / jaina dharmakA zraddhAlu rAjA hI isa prakArakI mudrA pracalita kara sakatA hai / prAcIna gaNatantra bhArata meM aneka janapadIya zAsaka jainadharmakA pAlana karate the / ' mAlava jAtike kaI sikke jaina haiM; isa jAtike ATha prakArake sikke aba taka upalabdha hue haiM / dvitIya upavibhAgake sikkeke eka ora azokavRkSa, dUsarI ora kalaza hai / tIsare upavibhAga ke sikkoM para pahalI ora ghere meM azoka vRkSa aura dUsarI ora kalaza hai / aise sikke do prakArake haiM - caukora aura golAkAra / cauthe upavibhAgake sikke caukora haiM, inapara dUsarI ora siMhamUti hai / pA~caveM upavibhAga ke sikkoMpara dUsarI ora vRSabha hai / ye bhI golAkAra aura caukora haiM / kAralAilane isa jAtike cAlIsa rAjAoM ke nAmoMke sikke DhU~Dhe haiM | parantu Ajakala 20 rAjAoMke hI sikke milate haiM / ina bIsa rAjAoMmeM yama, maya aura jAyaka jaina dharma ke zraddhAnI the / yamane AcArya sudharmake saMgha meM jAkara jaina dIkSA grahaNa kI thI / yaudheya jAtike sikke sAdhAraNataH tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta haiM / " prathama vibhAgake sikke prAcIna haiM aura ye hI sikke jaina haiM / ina sikkoMpara eka ora vRSabha aura stambha evaM dUsarI ora hAthI aura vRSabha haiN| pahalI ora brAhmI akSaroMmeM "yadheyana ( yodheyAnAM ) " likhA hai / " zeSa do vibhAgake sikkoMpara jaina pratIka nahIM haiM / isakA kAraNa yahI pratIta hotA hai ki yaudheya jAtike rAjA pahale jainadharma pAlate the, pIche bhAgavata dharma meM dIkSita ho gaye the; kyoMki dvitIya aura tRtIya vibhAga ke sikkoM meM bhAgavata dharmakI bhAvanA aMkita hai / yadyapi guptavaMzake kaI rAjA jainadharmake zraddhAlu the, parantu isa vaMzake prApta sikkoM meM jaina pratIkoMkA prAyaH abhAva hai / isakA pradhAna kAraNa yaha hai ki guptavaMzake rAjA kaTTara brAhmaNa dharmAnuyAyI the, isalie unhoMne apanI dharmabhAvanAkI abhivyakti ke lie brAhmaNa dharma ke pratIkoM ko hI grahaNa kiyA hai / yadyapi jaina itihAsa meM aise aneka ullekha varttamAna haiM, jinase guptakAlIna jaina sAhitya aura jainadharmako paryApta unnati prakaTa hotI hai / asala bAta to yaha hai ki brAhmaNa dharmAnuyAyI hote hue bhI guptavaMzake rAjAoMne sabhI dharmoMko prazraya diyA thA / 1. jainijma ina nArtha iNDiyA, pR0 79-146 prakaraNa jainijma ina rAyala phemilI / 2. Indian Museum Coins Vol, I. P. 170-171, Nos; 1-11 3. prAcIna mudrA, pR0 145 / 4. Indian Museum Coins VoI: I. P. 171, Nos 12-13, 14-22. 5. Indian Museum Coins VoI. I, P. 165; Coins of Ancient India. 6. rAkhAlAdAsa vandyopAdhyAyakI prAcIna mudrA, pR0 149: Rodgers Catelogue of Coins, Lahore museum,

Page #238
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 193 IsvI sankI pahalI zatAbdIke mAlavA aura saurASTrameM mahAkSatrapa upAdhidhArI zaka rAjAoMne rAjya upasthita kiyA thaa| isa upAdhidhArI rAjAoMmeM do vaMzake rAjAoMkA prabhutva pradhAnarUpase saurASTra para rahA hai| pahale rAjavaMzake kuSANa sAmrAjya sthApita honese pahale aura dUsare rAjavaMzane kuSANa rAjavaMzake sAmrAjyake naSTa honeke samaya saurASTra para adhikAra kiyA thA / prathama rAjavaMzameM kevala do rAjAoMke sikke milate haiN| pahale rAjAkA nAma bhUmaka thA / isake do tAMbeke sikke upalabdha hue haiM unapara eka ora siMhakI mUtti, dUsarI ora cakra tathA eka ora kharoSThI akSaroMmeM "chaharadAsa chatrapasabhUmakasa" aura dUsarI ora brAhmI akSaroMmeM "kSayarAtasa kSatrapasa bhUmakasa' likhA hai|' uparyukta sikkoMmeM jaina pratIka aMkita hai, ataeva yaha mAnanA asaMgata nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai ki bhUmikasa jaina thA / isa rAjA kA uttarAdhikArI kSatrapa nahapAna batAyA gayA hai / jinasenAcAryane isakA ullekha naravAha nAmase kiyA hai, isakA rAjyakAla 42 varSa likhA hai| anumAnataH yaha I0 pU0 58 meM rAjyAdhirUr3ha huA thaa| jaina zAstroMmeM isakA ullekha naravAhana, narasena, nahavANa Adi rUpoM meM kiyA gayA hai| isakA eka viruda bhaTTAraka AyA hai, jisase isakA jaina honA svataH siddha hai / nahapAnake sikke bahulatAmeM abhI taka nahIM mile hai / kaniMghama sAhabako isa rAjAkA tAMbekA eka sikkA milA thaa| isapara eka ora vajra aura brAhmI akSaroMmeM nahapAnakA nAma tathA dUsarI ora gheremeM azokavRkSa hai / ataeva bhUmikasa aura nahapAnake sikke jaina haiM / __ nahapAnake rAjatva kAlake atima varSoM meM AndhravaMzI gautamIputra zAtakarNIne zakoMke pahale kSatrapa vaMzakA adhikAra naSTa kara diyA thA aura nahapAnake cA~dIke sikkoMpara apanA nAma likhavAyA thaa| aise sikkoMpara eka ora sumeru parvata aura usake nIce sA~pa tathA brAhmI akSaroMmeM 'rAjo gotimi putrasa siri sAtakaNisa' likhA hai| dUsarI ora ujjayinI nagarIkA cinha hai| isa rAjAne svayaM apane bhI sikke banavAye the; ina sikkoMpara isane eka ora rAjAkA mukha aura brAhmI akSaroMmeM 'rAjo gotimi putrasa siriyanasAtakaNisa' likhA hai| dUsarI ora ujjayinI nagarIkA cinha sumeru parvata, sA~pa aura dAkSiNatva ke brAhmI akSaroMmeM" 'zASa gotama putraSa hiSayatra hAtakaNiSa' likhA hai / gautamIputra zAtakarNIke sikkoMmeM jaina pratIka haiN| yahA~ rAjA pahale vaidika dharmAnuyAyI thA, parantu apane pichale jIvanameM isane jainadharma grahaNa kara liyA thaa| nAsikake zilAlekhameM ise azki, azmaka, mUlaka, surASTra, kukura, aparAnta, anUpa, vidarbha aura akarAvantIkA zAsaka batAyA hai / isakA rAjyakAla I0 100-44 hai / isakA jaina gRhasthake vratoMkA pAlana karanekA bhI ullekha milatA hai| 1. Rapson, catalogue of India coins in the British museum. Andhras. western Ksatrapas etc. pp. 63-64 Nos 237-42. 2. Journal of the Bihar and Orissa Research society Vel, 16, P. 289 3. rAjapUtAne kA itihAsa, bhAga 1, pR0 103 4. bharuyaccheNayare nahavAhaNo sabhA kosasamiddho-AvazyakasUtra bhASya / 5. saMkSipta jaina itihAsa, dvitIya bhAga, dvitIya khaMDa, pR0 61-66 / 25

Page #239
194 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna dakSiNApathake sikkoMmeM AndhrajAtIya rAjAoMke sikke sabase purAne haiN| kisI samaya Andhra rAjAoMkA sAmrAjya narmadA nadIke dakSiNI kinArese samudrataTa taka thaa| isalie mAlava, saurASTra, aparAnta Adi bhinna-bhinna dezoMmeM bhI Andhra rAjAoMne bhinna-bhinna sikke pracalita kiye the| Andhra deza kRSNA aura godAvarI nadIke bIcake pradezameM do prakArake sikke prApta hue haiN| ye donoM prakArake sikke puDumAdi, candrazAti, zrIyajJa aura zrI rudra Adi rAjAoMne pracalita kiye the| pahale prakArake sikkoMpara eka ora sumeru parvata aura dUsarI ora ujjayinI nagarakA cinha hai| ina sikkoMkA nirmAtA vAziSThIputra zrI zAtakarNI, vAziSThIputra zrI candrazAMti, gautamIputra zrIyajJa zAtakarNI aura rudrazAtakarNI hai / ' __ dUsare prakArake sikkoMpara eka ora ghor3A, hAthI athavA donoMkI mUrtiyA~ tathA dUsarI ora siMhakI mUtti hai| ye sikke zrI candrazAti, gautamIputra zrIyajJa zAtakarNI aura zrI rudra zAtakaNike haiN| nizcaya hI ye donoM prakArake sikke jaina haiM, kyoMki inameM jaina pratIkoMkA vyavahAra kiyA gayA hai| mAlavameM Andhra rAjavaMzake kucha purAne sikke mile haiM / svargIya paMDita bhagavAnalAla indrajIne apane ekatrita kiye hue sikke laMdanake briTiza myUjiyamako pradAna kiye haiN| ina sikkoMmeM do prakArake sikke milate haiN| inapara aMkita lekhakA jo aMza par3hA gayA hai, usase patA calatA hai ki ye sikke Andhra rAjAoMke hI haiN| pahale prakAra ke sikke IrAnake purAne sikkoM ke hI samAna haiN| kaniMghamane likhA hai ki isa prakArake sikke purAne vidizA nagarI ( besanagara ) ke khaMDaharoM meM besa tathA betavA nadIke bIca mile haiM / " isI kAraNa raipsanane anumAna kiyA hai ki ye sabhI sikke pUrva mAlavake haiN| ina sikkoMko cAra vibhAgoMmeM bA~TA jA sakatA hai / pahale vibhAgake sikke pokhIke bane haiM, inapara eka ora gheremeM bodhivRkSa, ujjayinI nagarakA cinha, vRSabha aura sUrya cinha aMkita hai| dUsarI ora hAthI aura svastika cinha hai / dUsare vibhAgake sikke tAMbe ke haiM; inapara eka ora hAthokI mUrti aura dUsarI ora gheremeM bodhivRkSa ( azoka vRkSa ) aura ujjayinI nagarI ke cinha hai / tIsare vibhAgake sikkoMpara pahalI ora siMhako mUtti aura vRSabha cinha tathA dUsarI ora bodhivRkSa aura ujjayinI nagarIke cinha haiM / ye tIsare vibhAgake sikke bhI tA~beke haiN| cauthe vibhAgake sikke poTinake bane hue haiN| inapara pahalI ora siMhakI mUtti aura svastika cinha haiM tathA brAhmI akSaroMmeM 1. Rapson, catalogue of Indian coins Andhras. w. khtrapas etc. P. IXXII 2. Rapson, catalogue of Indian coins Andhras, w. khtrapas etc. ___P. IXXIV; prAcIna mudrA, pR0 214 / 3. Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic society Vol. ___XIII, 10. 311 4. Rapson, British Museum Coins. XCVI. 5. Cunnigham's Coins of Aneient India, P. 99 6. Rapson, British Museum coins P, 3 Nos 5-6-7-8-9-11,

Page #240
195 jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti " rano sAtakaMNisa" likhA hai / dUsarI ora vRSabha, ujjayinI nagarIkA cinha aura ghere meM bodhivRkSa haiM / uparyukta sikkoM meM aMkita dhArmika bhAvanA spaSTataH jaina hai / sUryako jaina saMskRti me kevalajJAnakA pratIka mAnA gayA hai / ataeva uparyukta sikkoMko nissaMdeha jaina mAnA jA sakatA hai / jo rAjA ardhasvatantra the, ujjayinI ke AdhInastha the, ve apane sikkoMmeM ujjayinI cinha aMkita karate the / ataeva Andhra dezameM mile hue jina sikkoM para sumeru parvata, ujjayinI, sarpa, siMha, vRSabha, hAthI, bodhivRkSa, svastika, kalaza aMkita haiM, ve sikke nizcaya hI jaina haiM / pallava rAjAoM ke prApta sikkoM meM; jinapara siMhakA cinha aura saMskRta aura kannar3a bhASAmeM kucha likhA milatA hai' ye sikke bhI jaina haiM / isa vaMzakA rAjA mahendravarman jaina dharmAnuyAyI thA / vI sAtavIM zatI ke uparAnta cAlukyavaMzI rAjA do bhAgoM meM vibhakta ho gae the / pUrvakI ora cAlukya rAjA kRSNA aura godAvarI nadIke bIca ke pradeza meM rAjya karate the aura pazcima aura cAlukya rAjAoMkA rAjya dakSiNApathake pazcima prAnta meM thA / ina rAjAoMke sikke sone aura cA~dIke milate haiM / ina sikkoMkI dhArmika bhAvanA yadyapi vaidika hI hai, parantu jaina saMskRtikA prabhAva spaSTa parilakSita hotA hai / isa vaMzakA prAcIna lekha dhArAvAr3a jileke Adura grAmase milA hai, jisameM rAjA kIrtivarmA prathama dvArA nagara seTha ke banAye jaina maMdirako dAna denekA ullekha hai / isa vaMzake rAjAoMne jaina guruoMko bhI dAna diye the / kadambavaMzake prApta soneke sikkoM meM kamalakI bhAvanA aMkita hai / isa vaMza meM mRgezavarmA - se lekara harivarmA taka jaina dharmAnuyAyI the / unhoMne kamala dvArA mokSalakSmIkI bhAvanAko vyakta kiyA hai / jainake caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM meM kamala padmaprabhukA cinha hai / kamala pratIkako rakhanekA eka anya hetu yaha bhI hai ki laukika dRSTise yaha utsAha, Ananda, sphUrti aura karttavyaparAyaNatAkA dyotaka hai / kadambavaMzake rAjAoMkI mudrAoM meM isaliye do prakArake cinha milate haiM, ki unameM Adima kaI rAjA vaidika dharmAnuyAyI the / isa vaMzake jo rAjA vaidika dharmakA pAlana karate the unameM sikkoMmeM bAraha avatAra athavA lakSmIkI mUrti milatI hai / jaina rAjAoMne apanI dharmabhAvanAkI abhivyaktike lie kamalako pratIka cunA thA / yAdava vaMzI rAjAoMke rAjya devagirI aura maisUrake dvArasamudra nAmaka sthAnameM the / devagirImeM rAjya karane vAle rAjAoMke sone, cAMdI aura tA~beke sikke mile haiM, parantu ina sabhI sikkoMpara hindU dhArmika bhAvanAkA pratIka garur3a aMkita kiyA gayA hai / maisUra ke dvArasamudra nAmaka sthAnameM bhI isa vaMza ke rAjAoMke sone aura tA~be ke sikke mile haiM / tA~be ke sikkoMpara eka ora siMhakI mUrti aura dUsarI ora kannar3a lekha haiM / isa sthAnake yAdavavaMzI rAjAoMke sikkoMpara nAmake badale meM upAdhi milatI hai; jaise- zrItalakADu goNDa arthAt talakADu vijayI / uparyukta dvArasamudra se prApta sikke jaina haiM; kyoMki inameM jaina pratIkoMkA vyavahAra kiyA gayA hai / 1. Indian Coins P. 37. 2. Elliott's south Indian Coins P. 152, Nos 87-89; 90-91.

Page #241
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna baraMgalake kAkatIya vaMzake rAjAoMke sone aura tA~beke sikke mile haiM / ina para eka ora bRSabhakA cinha haiM aura dUsarI ora kannar3I athavA telagU bhASAkA lekha hai / " ye sikke bhI jaina hai / 196 dakSiNApathameM pANDya, cera, rASTrakUTa, gaMga Adi kaI vaMzake rAjA jaina dharmAnuyAyI the / inhoMne 12vIM, 13vIM aura 14vIM zatI meM mudrAe~ pracalita kI thiiN| ina rAjAoM kI mudrAoM para bhI jaina milate haiM / vAstava meM dakSiNApathameM jainadharmakA pracAra kaI zatAbdiyoM taka jora se rahA hai / isa dharmane rAjAzraya pAkara apanI unnati kI thI / aneka rAjAoMne jaina guruoM ko dAna diye the / mihirakulake prApta sikkoMmeM do prakArake tAMbeke sikke pradhAna haiM / pahale prakAra ke sikkoMpara eka ora rAjAkA mastaka aura usake mu~hake pAsa 'zrImihira kula; athavA 'zrImihiragula' likhA hai / dUsarI ora Upara khar3e hue vRSabhako mUrti hai aura usake nIce 'jayatu vRSa' likhA hai / ye pahale prakArake sikke jaina haiM / dvitIya prakArake sikkoM para eka ora khar3e hae rAjAkI mUrti aura usake bagala meM eka ora 'bAhimihirakula' likhA hai / dUsarI ora siMhAsana para padmAvatI kI mUrti hai / 3 mihira kulake ye sikke toramANake sikkoMpara bane hue haiM / hamArA anumAna hai ki yaha toramANa jainAcArya hariguptakA praziSya aura devaguptakA ziSya thA / " yahI kAraNa hai ki mihira kulake sikkoMmeM jaina dharmakI bhAvanA aMkita kI gayI hai / uttarApathake madhyayugIna sikkoMmeM udbhANDapurameM zAhI rAjavaMzake pA~ca rAjAoMke sikke mile haiN| pahale prakAra ke sikkoMpara eka ora vRSabha aura dUsarI ora ghur3asavAra kI mUrti hai / dUsare prakArake sikkoMpara eka ora hAthI aura siMhako mUrti hai| tIsare prakAra ke sikkoMpara eka ora siMha aura dUsarI ora mayUra kI mUrti hai / hAthI aura siMhakI mUrti vAle sikkoMpara 'zrI padama' 'zrI vakkaladeva' aura zrI ' sAmAntadeva' nAma mile haiN| hAthI aura siMhakI mUrtivAle sikke nizcaya jaina haiM / ina sikkoMpara jaina bhAvanAkA prabhAva hai / 8 gujarAta meM kumArapAla aura ajayapAla ke sikke adhika saMkhyA meM mile haiN| ye cAlukyavaMzI rAjA the| gvAliyara rAjyameM ajayapAlake rAjyakAlakA vi0 saM0 1229 kA khudA huA eka zilAlekha milA hai|' isI jagaha kumArapAlake rAjyakAlameM vi0 saM0 1220 kA eka zilAlekha khudA hai / isakA anya zilAlekha mevAr3a rAjyake cittaur3a meM vi0 saM0 1207 kA 1. prAcIna mudrA 229; South Indian Coins P. 152 Nos 93-95. 2. Indian Museum Coins Vol. 1, P. 337 Nos 1. 3. Indian museum Coins Vol, 1, P. Nos 1. 4. Indian Coins P. 30. 5. jaina sAhityano itihAsa, pR0 132 6. Indian museum Coins Vol. 1, P. 243, 246-248, Nos 1-15 7. Indian Coins P. 31. 8. saMkSipta jaina itihAsa dvitIya bhAga, dvitIya khaMDa, pR0 129 / 9. Indian Antiqury Vol. XVIII, P. 347.

Page #242
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 197 khudA huA milA hai / " kumArapAlakA ajayapAla putra thA / 2 kumArapAlane AcArya hemacandrase jaina dharmakI dIkSA lI thI / isane jaina dharmake pracArake liye aneka prayAsa kiye the / zatru jaya aura giranArakI yAtrAke lie saMgha nikAlakara saMghapatikI upAdhi grahaNa kI thI aura aneka jaina maMdira bhI banavAe the / kumArapAlake sikke udbhANDapurake zAhI rAjAoMke sikkoM ke DhaMga para mizra dhAtuke haiM / inameM eka ora siMha tathA dUsarI ora hAthIkI mUrti hai / ajayapAla kaTTara vaidika dharmAnuyAyI thA, para isake sikke bhI kumArapAlake hI samAna haiM / isa prakAra aneka sikke jaina haiM, anveSaNazIla vidvAnoMko isa ora dhyAna denA cAhie / 1. Epigraphia Indica, Vol. IIP 422. 2. Epigraphia Indica Vol. VIII. App, Ip-14. 3. bambaI prAMtake jaina smAraka, pR0 210 tathA saMkSipta jaina itihAsa, dvi0 bhA0, khaM0 2, pR0 133 /

Page #243
somadeva kA rAjanaitika vivecana jainadharmameM jahA~ AtmasudhAra aura AtmazodhanakI ora dhyAna diyA gayA hai, vahA~ laukika samasyAoMko sulajhAnekA bhI pUrNa prayatna kiyA hai / isa dharmake AcAryoMne kevala pAralaukika kalyANakA nirUpaNa karanevAle sAhityakA ho nirmANa nahI kiyA hai, kintu isa lokakI Arthika, rAjanaitika aura sAmAjika bAtoMpara pUrNa prakAza DAlate hue AdhyAtmikatAkI taraMgameM isa lokakI pratyakSa bhautika-zArIrika bAtoMkI avahelanA karanA yA upekSA karanA sarvasAdhAraNake liye asambhava-sA hai; ataH zArIrika AvazyakatAoMse sambaddha viSayoMpara bhI apanI lekhanI calAyI hai| somadeva sUri vyAvahArika jIvanopayogI viSayoMkA nirUpaNa karanevAle AcArya hai; yoM to inhoMne AdhyAtmika viSayoMkA bhI sUkSma pratipAdana kiyA hai| prastuta nibandhameM inake rAjanaitika vicAroMpara prakAza DAlA jaaygaa| somadeva sUrine rAjatantrakA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| inake matAnusAra zAsanakI bAgaDora aise vyaktike hAthameM hotI hai, jo vaMza paramparAse rAjyakA sarvocca adhikArI calA A rahA ho / rAjA rAjyako sthAyI samajha kara saba prakArase apanI prajAkA vikAsa karatA hai / rAjAkI yogyatA aura guNoMkA varNana karate hue batAyA gayA hai ki "jo mitra aura zatruke sAtha zAsana kArya meM samAna vyavahAra karatA hai, jisake hRdayameM pakSapAta yA apanepanekA bhAva nahIM rahatA aura jo nigraha-daNDa, anugraha-puraskArameM samAnatAkA vyavahAra karatA hai, vaha rAjA hotA hai, rAjAkA dharma duSTa, durAcArI, cora, luTere, Adiko daNDa denA evaM sAdhu, satpuruSoMkA yathocita rItise pAlana karanA hai / sira mur3AnA, jaTA dhAraNa karanA, vratopavAsa karanA rAjAkA dharma nahIM hai / varNa, Azrama, dhAnya, suvarNa, cA~dI, pazu Adise paripUrNa pRthvIkA pAlana karanA rAjA kA karma rAjya hai| rAjAkI yogyatAke sambandhameM somadeva sUrine likhA hai ki rAjAko zastra aura zAstrakA pUrNa paMDita honA Avazyaka hai| yadi rAjA zAstrajJAna rahita ho aura zastra vidyAmeM pravINa ho to bhI vaha kabhI na kabhI dhokhA khAtA hai tathA apane rAjyase bhI hAtha gho baiThatA hai / jo zastra vidyA nahIM jAnatA, vaha bhI duSToM dvArA parAjita kiyA jAtA hai, ataeva puruSArthI honeke sAtha-sAtha rAjAko zastra, zAstrakA pAragAmI honA anivArya hai / mUrkha rAjAse 1. yo'nukUlapratikUlayorindrayamasthAnaM sa rAjA-vidyAvRddhisamuddezaH sU0 1 2. rAjJo hi duSTanigrahaH ziSTaparipAlanaM ca dharmaH; na yuktaH ziromuNDanaM jaTAdhAraNAdikam___ vidyAvRddhisamuddezaH, sU0 2, 3 3. varNAzramavatI dhAnyahiraNyapazukupyavRSTipradAnaphalA ca pRthvI; rAjJaH pRthvIpAlanocitaM karma rAjyam-vidyAvRddhisamuddezaH sU0 5, 4

Page #244
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 199 rAjAhIna pRthvIkA honA zreSTha hai, kyoMki mUrkha rAjAke rAjyameM sadA upadrava hote rahate haiM, prajA ko nAnA prakArake kaSTa hote haiM / ajJAnI nRpa pazuvat honeke kAraNa andhAdhundha AcaraNa karate haiM, jisase rAjyameM azAnti rahatI hai / rAjya prAptikA vivecana karate hue batAyA hai ki kahIM to yaha rAjyavaMza paramparAse prApta hotA hai aura kahIM para apane parAkramase rAjA koI vizeSa vyakti bana jAtA hai; ataH rAjyakA mUla krama-vaMza paramparA aura vikrama-puruSArtha, zaurya haiN| rAjyake nirvAha ke liye krama, vikrama donoMkA honA anivArya hai| ina donoM se kisI ekake abhAvameM rAjya-saMcAlana nahIM ho sakatA hai| rAjAko kAma, krodha, lobha, mAna, mada aura harSa ina chaH antaraMga zatruoMpara vijaya prApta karanA Avazyaka hai, kyoMki ina vikAroMke kAraNa napati kArya-akAryake vicArase rahita ho jAtA hai, jisase zatruoMko rAjya har3apaneke liye avasara mila jAtA hai| rAjAke vilAsI honese zAsana prabandha bhI yathArtha nahIM calatA hai, jisase prajAmeM bhI gar3abar3I utpanna ho jAtI hai; aura rAjya thor3e dinoMmeM hI samApta ho jAtA hai / zAsakakI dinacaryAkA nirUpaNa karate hue batAyA hai ki use pratidina rAjakAryake samasta vibhAgoM-nyAya, zAsana, Aya-vyaya, Arthika dazA, senA, antarrASTrIya tathA sArvajanika nirIkSaNa, adhyayana, saMgIta zravaNa, nRtya avalokana aura rAjyako unnatike prayatnoMkI ora dhyAna denA cAhiye / rAjAko svayaM sahasA kisIpara vizvAsa nahIM karanA cAhiye, balki samasta karmacAriyoMmeM apamA vizvAsa utpanna karanekI ora lakSya denA cAhiye / somadeva sUrine rAjAkI sahAyatAke liye mantrI tathA amAtya niyukta kiye jAnepara jora diyA hai / mantrI, purohita, senApati Adi karmacAriyoMko niyukta karanevAlA nRpa AhArya buddhi-rAjya saMcAlaka pratibhA sampanna hotA hai / " jo rAjA mantrI yA amAtya vargakI niyukti nahIM karatA usakA sarvasva naSTa ho jAtA hai| rAjyakA saMcAlana mantrI vargakI sahAyatA aura sammatise hI yathArtha ho sakatA hai / jo zAsaka aisA nahIM karatA vaha apane rAjyakI abhivRddhi evaM saMrakSaNa samyak rUpase nahIM kara sakatA hai / zAsanameM Ayo huI zithilatAko mantrIgaNa hI 1. varamarAjakaM bhuvanaM na tu mUrko rAjA; na hyajJAnAdaparaH pazurasti-vidyAvRddhisamuddezaH, sU0 2. rAjyasya mUlaM kramo vikramazca-vidyA0 sa0 sU0 26 3. kramavikramayoranyataraparigraheNa rAjyasya duSkaraH pariNAmaH-vidyA0 sa0 sU0 29 4. ayuktitaH praNItAH kAma-krodha-lobha-mada-mAna-harSAH kSitIzAnAmantaraGgo'riSaDvarga: ariSaDvarga-samuddezaH, sU0 1 5. mantripurohitasenApatInAM yo yuktamuktaM karoti sa AhAryabuddhiH-mantri-samuddezaH, sU0 1 vyAdhivRddhau yathA vaidya : zrImatAmAhitodyamaH / vyasaneSu tathA rAjJaH kRtayatnA niyoginaH / / niyogibhivinA nAsti rAjyaM bhUpe hi kevale / tasmAdamI vidhAtavyA rakSitavyAzca yatnataH / / -yazastilakacampU A0 3 zloka0 25-26

Page #245
200 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaima vAGmayakA avadAna dUra kara sakate haiM, ve apanI buddhi dvArA rAjyakI abhivRddhimeM saba prakArase yogadAna dete haiM / mantriyoMke guNoM kA varNana barate hue batAyA hai ki pavitra, vicArazIla, vidvAn, pakSapAta rahita, kulIna, svadezaja, nyAyapriya, vyasana rahita, sadAcArI, zastra vidyA nipuNa, zAsanatantrake vizeSajJako hI mantrI banAnA cAhiye' / mantrimaNDala rAjya vyavasthAkA avicchedya aMga mAnA gayA hai / bhAratIya nItizAstrameM mantrI, amAtya yA saciva pariSadpara sarvatra jora diyA gayA hai / kauTilyake arthazAstrameM bhI rAjya vyavasthAkA karttA-dhartA mantrimaNDala mAnA gayA hai / mantrimaNDala ke sadasyoMkI saMkhyA nirdiSTa karate samaya AcArya somadeva sUrine 3, 5 athavA 7 se adhika mantrisaMkhyA honekI rAya nahIM dI haiM / mantrimaNDala ke sadasyoMkI saMkhyAke sambandhameM madhyakAlIna sAhitya meM mata bheda hai; bAhaspatya 16, ozanasa 20 zukra 10 aura mAnavasampradAyane 12 mantriyoMkI saMkhyA batAyI hai / somadeva sUrine rAjyakI AvazyakatAnusAra 3 se 7 taka saMkhyA batAyo hai; unakA kathana hai ki adhika saMkhyAke rahane se zAsana vyavasthA meM gar3abar3I honekI sambhAvanA hai / mantriyoM kA kAryakSetra zAsanake atirikta nayI nIti nirdhAraNa karanA, rAjyake Ayavyaya ke sambandha meM nIti banAnA, rAjakumAroMkI zikSA-dIkSAkA prabandha karanA, unake rAjyAbhiSeka meM bhAga lenA, pararASTra nIti nirdhAraNa karanA evaM sAmrAjyake samasta kAryoMkI dekharekha karanA unake kAryoM meM parigaNita the / yadyapi somadeva sUrine mantriyoMke kAryoMkA vibhAjana nahIM kiyA hai, kintu yazastilakameM unhoMne yazodhara rAjAke mantrimaNDalakA jo kAryavibhAjana kiyA hai, usase mAlUma hotA hai mantriyoM ke kArya pRthak pRthak the / madhyayuga meM dharma rAjya se pRthak nahIM mAnA jAtA thA, ataH rAjAkI pariSad meM eka purohita bhI rahatA thA; jisakA kArya zatruke aniSTakAraka anuSThAnoMkA pratIkAra karanA, paurohitya karma dvArA rAjyakI abhivRddhi karanA, Adhi-vyAdhiko naSTa karanA, senAko maulika zakti dvArA bala pradAna karanA evaM prajAke dhArmika kAryoMkA nirIkSaNa karanA Adi batAyA hai / ise zastra, zAstra, daNDanIti, jyotiSa, mantra-tantra AdikA pUrNa paNDita honA anivArya hai / purohitakI 1. zucayaH svAmini snigvA rAjarAddhAntavedinaH / mantrAdhikAriNo rAjJAmabhijAtAH svadezajAH // yazastila0 A0 3 zlo0 110 brAhmaNakSatriyavizAmekatamaM svadezajamAcArAbhijanavizuddha mavyasaninamavyabhicAriNamadhItAkhilavyavahAratantrAstrajJamazeSopAdhivizuddhaM ca mantriNaM kurvIta / nItivA0 maMtrisa0 sU0 5 2. eko mantrI na karttavyaH eko hi mantrI niravagrahazcarati muhyati ca kAryeSu kRcchreSu dvApi maMtriNau na kAryoM; trayaH paMca sapta vA maMtriNastaiH kAryAH; bahavo maMtriNaH parasparaM svamatIrutkarSayanti - nItivA0 maMtrisa0 sU0 66, 67, 68, 71, 73 3. purohitamuditoditakulazIlaM SaDaMgavede daive nimitte daMDanItyAmabhivinItamApadAM daivInAM mAnuNAM ca pratikartAraM kurvIta / / rAjJo hi mantripurohito mAtApitarau atastau na keSucidvAcchiteSu vistarayet // amAnuSyo'gnivarSamativarSaM marako durbhikSaM sasyopaghAto jaMtusargo vyAdhirbhUtapizAcazAkinI sapaMvyAlamUSakAzcetyApadaH // - nItivA0 purohita samuddezaH, sU0 1-3

Page #246
201 jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti gaNanA mantrimaNDala meM nahIM kI hai, balki rAjavRddhike liye zubha muhUttoM evaM anya bhaviSyake nirUpaNake lie usakA sammAna pUrNa pRthak sthAna batAyA hai / purohitake sthAnapara brAhmaNa jAti kA hI vyakti nahIM niyukta kiyA jAnA cAhiye, balki koI bhI kulIna sadAcArI vyakti jo nItizAstra aura jyotiSakA vidvAn ho, isa padapara AsIna kiyA jA sakatA hai / somadeva sUrikA zAsaka pariSadeM purohitako sammilita karanA paramparA nirvAhakA dyotaka hI pratIta hotA hai; kyoMki rAjAke yahA~ aise catura guNajJa vidvAn aura bhI rahate the, jo prajAmeM dhArmikatAkA pracAra evaM rAjAke liye bhaviSya phalakA pratipAdana kara sakate the| phira bhI inhoMne purohitake padameM paryApta saMzodhana kiyA hai, usakI gaNanA mantrimaNDalameM gauNarUpase kI hai arthAt mantrimaNDalameM purohitakA rahanA inake matase Avazyaka nahIM hai; hA~ bhaviSyaphala jAnaneke liye eka aise vidvAnko rAjAko avazya niyukta karanA cAhiye jo rAjyake dhArmika svAsthyakI dekharekha kara ske| somadeva sUri apane samakAlIna sabhI nItikAroMmeM yaha maulikatA lAye haiN| purohitake pada, guNa, yogyatA Adi bAtoMmeM unhoMne paramparAkA nirvAha nahIM kiyA, balki isa sambandhameM apane maulika vicAra rakhe haiM / antArASTrIya vibhAga-isakA pradhAna uddezya rAjya ko sudRr3ha karanA, somadeva sUri ne batAyA hai / isa vibhAga kA pradhAna rAjA yA 'sAndhivigrahika'ko honA cAhiye / yaha niyukta vyakti rAjA se mantraNA kara yuddha yA mitratA karane kI nIti nirdhArita kare / isa vibhAga meM dUta nAmaka eka kAryakartA niyukta kiyA jAnA cAhiye jo anya rAjyoM meM rAjadUta kA kArya bhalIbhA~ti sampAdana kara sake / dUtako catura, sadAcArI, avyasanI, udAra, pratyutpannamati, pratibhAvAn, vidvAn vAcAla, kulona, sahiSNu, zUravIra evaM svAmibhakta honA cAhiye / isa dUta kA nirvAcana bhI maMtrimaNDala dvArA hI honA Avazyaka hai tathA isa pada ke liye kaI vyakti khar3e honeko likhA hai / rAjadUtakA samasta prabandha aura vyayabhAra rAjyako uThAnA pdd'egaa| rAjadUta tIna prakArake batAye gaye haiM".- nisRSTArtha, parimitArtha aura zAsanahara / jo dUta rAjAkA pratinidhi hokara sandhi, vigraha Adi sabhI kArya karane meM svatantra ho, jise rAjya 1. anAsanneSvartheSu dUto maMtrI-nItivA0 dUta sa0 sU0 1 2. svAmibhaktiravyasanitA dAkSyaM zucitvamamUrkhatA prAgalbhyaM pratibhAnavattvaM kSAntiH paramarmaveditvaM jAtizca prathame dUtaguNAH ||-niitivaa0 dUta sa0 sU0 2 dakSaH zUraH zuciH pragalbhaH pratibhAnavAn / vidvAnvAgmI titikSazca dvijanmA sthaviraH priyaH // -yaza A0 zlo0 111 3. kadAcitsatatasanmAnadAnAlAditasamastamitratantraH sacivalokamatisamuddhRtamantraH zrIvilA sinIsUtritaizvaryavareSu vasumatIzvasureSu khalu dUtapUrvAH sarve'pi sandhyAdayo guNA ityavadhAryA kAryA / iti gunnvishissttmshessmniissipurussprissdissttmkhilpryaannsaamgriisuuvidheyN..........| --yaza0 A0 3, pR0 395 4. sa trividho nisRSTArthaH parimitArthaH zAsanaharazceti / yatkRtau svAminaH sandhivigrahI pramANaM sa nisRSTArthaH ||-niiti0 dUtasa0 sU0 3-4

Page #247
202 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna kI ora se samasta adhikAra prApta hoM aura jo anya rAjyameM apane rAjyakI abhivRddhike liye samasta sAdhya-prayatna svatantra hokara kara sake vaha nisRSTArtha; jo kevala apane rAjAkI bAtako hI kaha sake, anya apanI orase kucha karane yA kahanekA adhikArI na ho vaha parimitArtha evaM jo rAjyake likhita sandezako anya rAjAko par3hakara sunAve aura jo likhita rAjAjJA prApta kiye binA kucha bhI kArya karanekA adhikArI na ho vaha zAsanahara kahalAtA hai / pradhAna rAjadUta nisRSTArthako hI mAnA gayA hai / yadyapi isako bhI rAjyakA Adeza kArya karaneke liye prApta karanA Avazyaka hotA hai, to bhI yaha dautya kArya meM svatantra hI rahatA hai / senA vibhAga kA nirUpaNa karate hue batAyA gayA hai ki rAjyako surakSita rakhane evaM zatruoMke AkramaNoMse bacane ke liye eka sudRr3ha aura bahuta bar3I senAkI AvazyakatA hai| yaha vibhAga atyanta mahattvapUrNa batAyA gayA hai, rAjyakI AyakA adhikAMza bhAga isameM kharca honA cAhiye / isa vibhAga kI Avazyaka sAmagrI ekatrita karane evaM senA sambandhI vyavahArake saMcAlanake liye eka adhyakSa hotA hai, jise senApati yA mahAbalAdhikRta kahA gayA hai / gajabala, azvabala, rathabala aura padAtibala ye cAra zAkhAe~ senAkI batAyI haiN| ina cAroM vibhAgoMke pRthak pRthak adhyakSa hote haiM, jo senApatike AdezAnusAra kArya karate haiM / cAroM prakArakI senA meM gajabala sabase pradhAna batAyA hai, kyoMki eka-eka suzikSita hAthI sahasroM yodhAoMkA saMhAra karane meM samartha hotA hai / zatru ke nagara ko dhvaMsa karanA, cakravyUha tor3anA, nadI, jalAzaya Adi para pula banAnA evaM apanI senAko zaktiko dRr3ha karane ke liye vyUha racanA karanA Adi kArya bhI gajabalake haiM / gajabalakA nirvAcana bar3I yogyatA aura buddhimattAke sAtha karanA cAhiye / manda, mRga, saMkIrNa aura bhadra ina cAra prakArako jAtiyoMke hAthI tathA airAvata, puNDarIka, kAmana kumuda, aJjana, puSpadanta, sArvabhauma aura supratIkAna ina ATha kuloMke hAthiyoMko hI grahaNa karanA isa balake liye Avazyaka hai / gajoMke cunAvake samaya jAti, kula, vana aura pracAra ina cAroM bAtoM ke sAtha zarIra, bala, zUratA aura zikSApara bhI dhyAna rakhanA Avazyaka hai| azikSita gajabala rAjAke liye dhana aura jana kA nAzaka batAyA gayA hai| azvabalakI zakti bhI sainika dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa mAnI gayI hai, ise jaMgama sainyabala batAyA hai / isa senA dvArA dUravartI zatru bhI vazameM ho jAtA hai; zatruko bar3hI-car3hI zaktikA 1. draviNadAnapriyabhASaNAbhyAmarAtinivAraNena yadihataM svAminaM sarvAvasthAsu balosaMvRNotIti blm|-noti0 vA0 balasa0 sU0 1 2. baleSu hastinaH pradhAnamaGga svaravayavairaSTayudhA hastino bhavanti / -nItivA0 balasa0 sU02 3. hastipradhAno vijayo rAjJAM yadeko'pi hastI sahasraM yodhayati na sIdatI prahArasahasreNApi / / sukhena yAnamAtmarakSA ripupurAvamardanamarivyUhavighAto jaleSu sentubandhA vacanAdanyatra sarvavi nodahetavazceti hastiguNAH / nItivA0 balasa0 sU0 3, 6 / 4. jAtiH kulaM vanaM pracArazca na hastinAM pradhAnaM kintu zarIraM balaM zaurya zikSA caducitA / sAmagrIsampattiH // nItivA0 balasa0 sU0 4 / 5. azikSitA hastinaH kevalamarthaprANaharAH-nIti vA0 balasa0 sU0 5

Page #248
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 203 damana, yuddhakSetrameM nAnA prakArakA raNakauzakha evaM samasta manoratha siddhi isa bala dvArA hotI hai|' azvabalake nirvAcanameM bhI azvoMke utpatti sthAna,' unake guNAvaguNa, zArIrikazakti, zaurya, capalatA Adi bAtoMpara dhyAna denA cAhiye / rathabalakA nirUpaNa karate hue usakI AvazyakatA, kArya, ajeya zakti Adi bAtoMpara pUrNa prakAza DAlA hai| isa balake nirvAcanameM dhanuvidyAke jJAtA yoddhAoMkI upayuktatA kA vizeSa dhyAna rakhanA Avazyaka hai| padAtibalameM paidala senAkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai, paidala senAko astra-zastrameM pAraMgata honeke sAtha-sAtha zUravIra, raNAnurAgI, sAhasI, utsAhI, nirbhaya, sadAcArI, avyasanI, dayAlu honA anivArya batAyA hai / jabataka sainikameM uparyukta guNa na hoMge, vaha prajAke kaSTa nivAraNameM samartha nahIM ho sakatA hai / sevAbhAvI aura kartavya parAyaNa honA pratyeka prakArako senAke liye Avazyaka batAyA hai senApatikI yogyatA aura guNoM kA kathana karate hue somadeva sUrine kahA hai ki kulIna, AcAra-vyavahAra sampanna, paNDita, premila, pavitra kriyAvAn, parAkramazAlI, prabhAvazAlI, bahu kuTumbI, nItividyA nipuNa, sabhI astra-zastra-savArI-lipi bhASAoMkA pUrNa jAnakAra, sabhIkA vizvAsa aura zraddhA bhAjana, sundara, kaSTasahiSNu, sAhasI, yuddha vidyA nipuNa tathA dayA, dAkSiNyAdi nAnA guNoMse vibhUSita senApati hotA hai / isameM kAyaratA, vAsanA, niSThuratA, asahayogitA, nindA, IrSyA vyasana-pravRtti, asamayajJatA, anAvazyaka vyaya Adi duguNoMkA abhAva rahanA anivArya batAyA hai / senApatikI gaNanA rAjAke pradhAna adhikAriyoMmeM kI gayI hai / isakA nirvAcana rAjAko maMtriyoMkI sahAyatAse bahuta soca-samajhakara karanA cAhiye / somadeva sUrine isa vibhAgakA bar3AbhArI uttaradAyitva batAyA hai / rAjyako rakSA aura usakI abhivRddhi karanA isa vibhAgakA hI kAma mAnA hai / pulisa vibhAga-kI. vyavasthAke sambandhameM ullekha karate hue somadeva sUrine koTTapAla daNDapAzikako isa vibhAgakA pradhAna batAyA hai / corI, DakaitI, balAtkAra Adike mAmale pulisa dvArA sulajhAye jAte the| pulisako bar3e-bar3e mAmaloMmeM senAkI sahAyatA bhI lene ko likhA hai| isa vibhAgako sudRr3ha karaneke lie guptacara niyukta karanA Avazyaka hai / gAMvoM meM mukhiyAko hI pulisa kA uccAdhikArI batAyA hai / dhana sampatti, pazu Adike apaharaNakI pUrI tahakIkAta mukhiyAko hI karanI cAhiye / mukhiyA apane mAmaloMkI jA~cameM guptacaroMse bhIsahAyatA le sakatA hai / pulisa vibhAgakI saphalatA bahuta kucha guptacara-sI0AI0DI0 para hI Azrita mAnI gayIhai / guptacarake guNoMkA nirUpaNa karate hue batAyA hai ki saMtoSI, jitendriya, sajaga, nirogI, satyavAdI, tArkika 1. azvabalaM sainyasya jaMgamaM prakAraH / azvabalapradhAnasya hi rAjJaH kadanakandukakrIDAH prasIdanti, bhavanti dUrasthA api karasthAH zatrava Apatsu sarvamanorathasiddhayastu raMgamA eva zaraNamava skandaH parAnIkabhedanaM ca turaMgamasAdhyametat ||-niiti0 ba0 sU0 9 2. tajikA sthalANA karokharA gAjigANA kekANA puSTAhArA-ityAdi balasa0 sU0 10 3. ratharavaditaM parabalaM sukhena jIyate maula-bhRtyaka-bhRtya-zreNI mitrATavikeSu pUrva pUrva balaM bateta-bala sa0 sU 12 4. svaparamaNDala kAryAkAryAvalokane carAH caDhUMSi kSitipatInAm ||-nii0 ca0 sU0 1

Page #249
204 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGamayakA avadAna aura pratibhAzAlI vyaktiko isa mahattvapUrNapadapara niyukta karanA caahiye| jo rAjA guptacara niyukta nahIM karatA hai, vaha apanI prajApara ThIka tarahase zAsana nahIM kara sakatA hai / guptacarake lie kapaTI, dhUrta, mAyAvI, zakunanimittajyotiSa-vizArada, gAyaka, nartaka, vidUSaka, vaitAlika, aidrajAlika honA caahiye| yoM to 34 prakArake vyaktiyoMko cara niyukta karanepara jora diyA hai| pulisa vibhAgakI vyarasthAke liye aneka kAnUna bhI batAye gaye haiM tathA zAsanake liye aneka padoM evaM unake kAryoMkA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| yazastilakameM guptacaroMke sAtha yA unake nIce kucha aise vyaktiyoMkA nAma bhI batAyA gayA hai jo Ajakala AI0 jI0ke padake tulya hotA thaa| pulisa ke adhikAra AjakI apekSA somadeva sUrine kama hI batAye haiM / hA~ senApati kA Adeza lekara pulisa aphasara svatantratApUrvaka bhI mAmaloM kI jAMca kara sakatA hai / kaI dhArAe~ aisI nirdhArita kI gayI haiM jinameM pulisako corI, balAtkAra, pazudhanApaharaNake mAmaloM kI jA~cakA pUrA adhikAra hai| koza vibhAga kA varNana karate hue somadevasUrine rAjya saMcAlanake liye kozapara bar3A bhArI jora diyA hai / jo rAjA sampatti, vipattike samayake liye koza saMcaya karatA hai, vahI apane rAjya kA vikAsa kara sakatA hai / koza meM sonA, cA~dI, dramma-mudrAe~, dhAnya kA saMgraha honA cAhiye / ina AcAryane kozako mahattA dikhAne ke liye kozako hI rAjA batAyA hai, kyoMki jimake pAsa dravya hai vahI to saMgrAmameM vijaya prApta kara letA hai| dhanahInako saMsArameM kuTumbI-strI putrAdi bhI chor3a dete haiM ataH rAjAoM kI sabase bar3I zakti dhana hI hai / isa eka cIjake honese hI samasta vastuoMkA prabandha kiyA jA sakatA hai| koza saMgrahameM pramukha dhAnya saMgrahako batalAyA hai, kyoMki sabase adhika pradhAnatA isI kI hai / dhAnyake honese hI prajA aura senAkI jIvana yAtrA cala sakatI hai / yuddhakAlameM bhI dhAnyakI vizeSa AvazyakatA par3atI hai / rasa saMgrahameM lavaNa-namakako pradhAnatA dI gayI hai", kyoMki lavaNake binA bhojanameM 1. alaulyamamAndyamamRSAbhASitvamabhyUhakatvaM cAraguNAH / chAtrakApaTikodAsthitagRhayativaidehi katApasikarAtayamapaTTikA'hituNDikazauNDikazobhikapATaccaraviTavidUSakapIThamaInanarttakaDamUkagAyakavAdakabAgjIvanagaNakazAkunikabhiSagandrajAlikanaimittikasUdArAlikasaMvAdakatIkSNakrUra jaDamUkabadhirAndhachadmAvasthAyiyAyibhedenAvasarpavargaH ||-niiti vA0 cAra sU0 2, 8 2. yo vipadi sampadi ca svAminastaMtrAbhyudayaM kozayatIti kozaH // sAtizayahiraNyarajataprAyovyAyavahArika nANakabahulo mahApadi vyayasahazceti kozaguNaH -nItivA0 koza0 sa0 sU0 1-2 3. kozo rAjetyucyate na bhUpatInAM zarIraM / yasya haste dravyaM sa jayati / dhanahInakalatreNApi parityajyate kiM punarnAnyaH / na khalu mahAn kulInazca yasyAsti dhanamanUnaM -nIti vA0 koza sa0 sU07-11 4. sarvasaGgraheSu dhAnyasaMgraho mahAn / yatastannibandhanaM jIvitaM sakalaprayAsazca / / na khalu mukhe kSiptaH kharo'pi drammaH prANatrANAya yathA dhAnyam / / -nIti0 amAtya samuddeza sU0 65 5. lavaNasaMgrahaH sarvarasAnAmuttamaH / sarvarasamayamapyannamalavaNaM gomayAyate / / -nItivA0 a0 sa0 sU0 69-70

Page #250
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 205 svAda nahIM A sakatA hai| kozakI vRddhi aura saMcayake samaya rasa aura dhAnyake saMgrahapara vizeSa dhyAna denA Avazyaka hai| Aya-vyaya-kI vyavasthA karane ke liye pA~ca prakArake adhikArI niyukta karane cAhiye, jinake nAma AdAyaka, nibandhaka, pratibandhaka, nIvIgrAhaka aura rAjAdhyakSa batAye haiN|' AdAyakakA kArya daNDa Adike dvArA prApta dravyako grahaNa karanA; nibandhakakA kArya vivaraNa likhanA; pratibandhakakA rupaye denA; nIvIgrAhakakA bhANDArameM rupaye rakhanA aura rAjAdhyakSakA kArya sabhI Aya-vyayake vibhAgoMkA nirIkSaNa karanA hotA hai| rAjyakI AmadanI vyApAra, kara, daNDa Adise to karanI cAhiye, para vizeSa avasaroMpara devamandira, brAhmaNa, kSatriya aura vaizyoMkA saMcita dhana, vezyAoM, vidhavA striyoM, jamIndAroM, dhaniyoM, grAmakUToM, sampanna kuTumboM evaM maMtrI, purohita, senApati, prabhRti amAtyoMse dhana lenA cAhiye / ' vyApArika unnati ke liye batAyA gayA hai ki jisa rAjyameM kRSi, vyApAra aura pazu pAlanako unnati nahIM hoto vaha rAjya naSTa ho jAtA hai| rAjAko apane yahA~ke mAlako bAhara jAnese rokaneke liye tathA apane yahA~ bAharake mAlako na Ane dene ke liye adhika kara lagAnA cAhiye / apane yahA~ vyApArakI unnatike liye rAjAko vyApArika nIti nirdhArita karanA, yAyAyAtake sAdhanoMko prastuta karanA evaM vaidezika vyApArake sambandhameM kara lagAnA yA anya prakArake niyama nirdhArita karane cAhiye / rAjyako Arthika unnatike liye vANijya aura vyavasAyako bar3hAnA, mAlake Ane-jAnepara kara lagAnA pratyeka rAjAke liye anivArya batAyA hai / yuddhanIti-kA varNana karate hue somadeva sUrine batAyA hai ki sarvaprathama zatruko vazameM karaneke liye notikA prayoga karanA caahiye| jaba zatru kUTanItise vazameM na ho to usake sAtha vIratApUrvaka yuddha karanA cAhiye / kabhI-kabhI buddhimAna rAjA apanI kuzAgra buddhi dvArA balavAn zatruko bhI vazameM kara lete haiN| jisa kAryako sahasroMkI tAdAdameM ekatrita caturaMga senA nahIM kara pAtI hai, usIko prajJAke balase nRpati kara letA hai / yuddhake liye jAte samayakI vyavasthAkA varNana karate hue batAyA hai ki rAjAko durgameM jala aura khAdya padArthokI vyavasthA kara durgase Age zatruke sAtha yuddha karanA cAhiye, jisase samaya par3anepara jala aura khAdya padArthoMkA upayoga 1. AdAyakanibandhakapratibandhakanovIgrAhakarAjAdhyakSAH karaNAni |-niiti0 a0 sU0 49 2. devadvijavaNijAM dharmAdhvaraparijanAnupayogidravyabhAgairADhya vidhavAniyogigrAmakUTagaNikAsaMgha pAkhaNDivibhavapratyAdAnaiH samRddhathaurajanapadadraviNasaMvibhAgaprArthanairanupakSayazrIkA maMtripurohita sAmantabhUpAlAnunayagrahAgamanAmyAM kSINakozaH kozaM kuryAt-nI0 ko0 sU0 14 3. kRSiH pazupAlanaM vANijyA ca vArtA vaizyAnAm / vArtAsamRddho sarvAH samRddhayo rAjJaH // zulkavRddhirbalAtpaNyagrahaNaM ca dezAntarabhANDAnAmapraveze hetuH // -nIti vA0 vArtA sa0 sU0 1, 2, 11 bhUmyartha nRpANAM nayo vikramazca na bhUmityAgAya / / buddhiyuddhena paraM jetumazaktaH zastrayuddhamupayujyet / / na tathezavaH prabhavanti yathA prajJAvatAM prajJAH / prajJA hyamoghaM zastraM kuzalabuddhInAM // -nIti0 yuddha sa0 sU0 3, 4, 5, 8

Page #251
206 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna durgameM pravezakara kiyA jA ske| yadi zatru yuddha dvArA vazameM na kiyA jA sake to usake sAtha aisI nItikA vyavahAra karanA cAhiye jisase vaha kapaTa dvArA vazameM ho ske| zatrukI senAmeM phUTa DAlanA, zatru sainikoMko apanI ora milAnA, apanI senAko saba prakAra saMtuSTa karanA, amAtya aura senApatiko dhana-dhAnya dvArA prasanna karanA, prajAmeM saba prakAra zAnti rakhanekI ceSTA karanA, zatruke rAjyake Upara anya kisI rAjA dvArA AkramaNa karA denA, zatru senAkI khAdya sAmagrI naSTa kara denA, zatru dvArA adhikRta apane dezakI sampatti naSTa kara denA Adi nItikA prayoga karanA Avazyaka batAyA hai| yuddhoMke lakSaNa aura bheda batalAte hue kUTayuddha, tUSNIyuddha Adi bhedoMkA sundara vivecana kiyA hai, jisase yuddha sambandhI nItikA pUrNa paricaya mila jAtA hai| kUTayuddha meM batAyA hai ki eka ora se choTI-sI senAko Tukar3I lekara zatru senApara AkramaNa kare tathA dUsarI orase dUsarI Tukar3I dvArA, jisakA zatruko patA bhI na lage dhAvA kara de, jisase zatrusenA apane Apa astra-zastra chor3akara bhAga jaaygii| yaha AkramaNa itanI buddhimAnI aura dUradarzitAke sAtha karanA cAhiye, jisase virodhI senAmeM bhagadar3a maca jAya aura maidAna khAlI ho jAya / isI prakAra tUSNI yuddha meM batAyA gayA hai ki viSa prayoga, viSailI vezyAoMkA prayoga, khAdya padArthoM meM viSamizraNa, rAjA yA pradhAna senApatiko kartavya cyuta karane ke liye vyasanoMkA upayoga karanA; jisase binA yuddha kiye hI zatru vazameM ho jAya, tUSNI yuddha hai| rAjAko yuddhakSetrameM kAma Aye sainikoMke parivArake bharaNa-poSaNakA prabandha karanA Avazyaka hai| jo rAjA aisA nahIM karatA, vaha usa sainikake parivArakA RNI hai| isI taraha sainikako yuddhakSetrameM yuddhako azvamedhake samAna kalyANakArI samajhanA cAhiye / jo raNakSetrase bhAgatA hai, usakA isa loka aura paralokameM kalyANa nahIM ho sktaa| yuddha kSetrake liye gamana karanekI vidhikA nirUpaNa karate samaya vatAyA hai ki rAjAko AdhI senA raNakSetrameM bhejanI cAhiye aura AdhI senA durgameM surakSita rakhanI cAhiye tathA navIna sainikoMkI zikSA bhI Arambha kara denI cAhiye / yuddhakAlameM kRSi aura pazuoM kI vRddhikA bhI pUrNa dhyAna rakhanA Avazyaka hai| sainikoMke pariniSkramaNake sambandhameM bhI kaI niyama nirdhArita kiye haiM, jo ki AjakalakI yuddhanotise bahuta kucha sAmyatA rakhate haiN|" nyAyAlayakI vyavasthA aura usake liye niyamoMkA nirdhAraNa karate hue somadeva sUrine aneka niyamopaniyama batAye haiM tathA rAjanItikI aneka pecIdI bAtoMkA varNana kiyA 1. anyAbhimukhaM prayANa kamupakramyAnyopaghAtakaraNaM kUTayuddhaM ||-niiti vA0 yuddha sa0 sU0 90 2. viSaviSamapuruSopaniSadavAgyopajApaiH paropaghAtAnuSThAnaM tUSNIyuddhaH // ___ nItivA0 yu0 sa0 sU0 91 3. rAjA rAjakAryeSu mRtAnAM santatimapoSayannRNabhAgI syAt sAdhunopacaryate tantreNa / / -nI0 yu0 sU0 93 4. svAminaH puraHsaraNa yuddhe'zvamedhasamaM / yudhi svAminaM parityajato nAstIhAmutra ca kuzalaM // nI0 yu0 sU0 94-95 5. dekheM-nItivAkyAmRtaM yuddhasamuddeza sU0 96-101

Page #252
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 207 hai| inhoMne janapada-prAnta, viSaya-jilA, maNDala-tahasIla, pura-nagara aura grAma inakI zAsana praNAlI saMkSepameM batalAyI hai / rAjAko eka pariSad honI cAhiye, jisakA rAjA svayaM sabhApati ho aura yahI pariSad vivAdoM-mukadamoMkA phaisalA kare / pariSadke sadasya rAjanIti ke pUrNa jJAtA, lobha, pakSapAtase rahita aura nyAyI hoN| vAdI evaM prativAdIke liye aneka prakArake niyama batalAte hue kahA hai ki jo apanA mukadamA dAyara kara samayapara upasthita na ho, jisake bayAnameM pUrvApara virodha ho, jo vAdI yA prativAdI bahasa dvArA niruttara ho jAya yA svayaM prativAdIko chalase niruttara kara de vaha sabhA dvArA daNDanIya hai / vAda-vivAdake nirNaya ke liye likhita, sAkSI, bhukti-adhikAra jisakA bAraha varSa taka upayoga kiyA jA sakA hai, pramANa hai / nyAyAlayameM sAkSIke rUpameM brAhmaNase suvarNa aura yajJopavItake sparzana rUpa zapatha; kSatriyase zastra, ratna, bhUmi, vAhanake sparzanarUpa zapatha; vaizyase kAna, bAla, aura kAkiNIeka prakArakA sikkAke sparzanarUpa zapatha evaM zUdroMse dUdha, bIjake sparzanarUpa zapatha lenI caahiye| isI prakAra jo jisa kAmako karatA hai, usase usI kArya ke chUnekI zapatha lenI cAhiye / isa taraha guNa-doSoMkA vicArakara yathArtha nyAya karanA caahiye| rAjya vyavasthAke liye aneka dhArAoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / mukadda me ke nirNayake liye rAjAko pratyakSa, anumAna, likhita, ina tInoMpramANoMkA upayoga karanA caahiye|' isa prakAra tantra--zAsana vyavasthA sambandhI niyamoMkA varNana somadeva sUrine kiyA hai| avAya-nItikA varNana karate hue sandhi, vigraha, yAna, Asana, dvaidhIkaraNa aura saMzraya ina chaH guNoMkA tathA rAjanItike sAma, upadAna, daNDa aura bheda ina cAra aMgoMkA vistAra sahita pratipAdana kiyA hai / sandhi-"paNabandhaH sandhiH" arthAt jaba rAjAko yaha vizvAsa ho jAya ki thor3e hI dinameM usakI sainya saMkhyA bar3ha jAyagI tathA usameM apekSAkRta bala adhika A jAyagA to vaha kSati svIkAra kara bhI sandhi kara le athavA prabala rAjAse AkrAnta ho aura bacAvakA upAya na ho to kucha bheMTa dekara sandhi kara le| vigraha-"aparAdho vigrahaH' arthAt jaba anya rAjA aparAdha kare, rAjyapara AkramaNa kare yA rAjyakI vastuoMkA apaharaNa kare to usa samaya use daNDa denekI vyavasthA karanA, vigraha hai| vigrahake sapaya rAjAko apano zakti, koza ora bala --senAkA avazya vicAra karanA caahiye| 1. nAvicArya kArya kimapi kuryAt pratyakSAnumAnAgamairyathAvasthitavastuvyavasthApanahetuvicAraH / -nIti vA0 vi0 sa0 sU0 1-2 2. sandhivigrahayAnAsanasaMzrayadvadhobhAvAH SADguNyaM ||-niiti0 vA0 sU0 45 aSTazAkhaM caturmUlaM SaSTipatraM dvayesthitam / SaTpuSpaM triphalaM vRkSaM yo jAnAti sa nItivAn / -yazastilaka A0 3 zlo0 259

Page #253
bhAratIya saMskRti vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna yAna -'abhyudayo yAnaM" zatruke kara AkapaNa karanA yA zatruko balavAnM samajha kara anyatra calA jAnA yAna hai / 208 Asana--" upekSaNamAsanaM " - yaha eka prakAra virAma sandhikA rUpAntara hai / jaba ubhayapakSI sAmarthya ghaTa jAya to apane - apane zivira meM vizrAma ke liye Adeza denA athavA maMtrI parapakSa aura svasvAmIko zakti evaM sainya saMkhyA samAna dekhakara apane rAjAko ekabhAvasthAna lenekA jo Adeza detA hai, vaha Asana hai / saMzraya- "parasyAtmArpaNaM saMzraya" -- zatruse pIr3ita honepara yA usase klezakI AzaMkA kara kisI anya balavAn rAjAkA Azraya lenA saMzraya hai / dvaidhIkaraNa - " ekena saha sandhyayAnyena saha vigrahakaraNamekena vA zatrau sandhAnapUrva vigraho dvaidhIbhAvaH". - jaba do zatru eka sAtha virodha kareM, prathama ekake sAtha sandhikara dUsarese yuddha kare aura jaba vaha parAjita ho jAya to phira prathamake sAtha yuddhakara use bhI harA de, isa prakAra donoM ko kUTanItipUrvaka parAjita karanA yA mukhya uddezya gupta rakhakara bahiraMga meM zatru se sandhikara avasara prApta hote hI apane uddezyake anusAra vigraha karanA dvaidhIkaraNa hai / yaha kUTanItikA eka aMga hai, isameM bAhara kucha aura bhItara kucha bhAva rahate haiM / bheda - jisa upAya dvArA zatrukI senAmeMse kisIko bahakAkara apane pakSameM milAyA jAya yA zatrudala meM phUTa DAlakara apanA kArya sAdha liyA jAya, bheda hai| isI prakAra caturaMga rAjanItikA bhI bheda-prabhedoM sahita varNana kiyA hai / rAjA apanI rAjanItike balase brahmA, viSNu aura maheza bana jAtA hai / janatAke jAna-mAlakI rakSAke liye vidhAna bhI rAjAko banAnA cAhiye / rAjAko pradhAnataH niyama ora vyavasthA, paramparA aura rUr3hiyoMkA saMrakSaka honA anivArya hai / somadeva sUrine rAjyakA lakSya dharma, artha, ora kAmakA saMvardhana mAnA hai / dharma saMvardhanase unakA abhiprAya sadAcAra aura sunItiko protsAhana denA tathA janatA meM saccI dhArmika bhAvanAkA saMcAra karanA hai / artha saMvardhana ke liye kRSi, udyoga, aura vANijyakI pragati, rASTrIya sAdhanoM kA vikAsa, kRSi vistArake liye siMcAI aura nahara Adi kA prabandha karanA Avazyaka batAyA hai / kAma saMvardhana ke lie zAnti aura suvyavasthA sthApita kara pratyeka nAgarika ko nyAyocita sukha bhoganekA avasara denA evaM kalAkauzalakI unnati karanA batAyA hai / isa prakAra rAjyameM zAnti aura suvyavasthA sthApana ke liye janatAkA sarvAGgINa, naitika, sAMskRtika, Arthika aura zArIrika vikAsa karanA rAjAkA parama karttavya hai / isaliye rAjAko nimna prakAra nItijJa avazya honA cAhiye arthAt jo ari, vijigISu, madhyama, udAsIna ina cAroM ke ari aura mitrake bhedase yukta ATha zAkhAvAle; sAma, dAna, bheda aura daNDase yukta catura mUlavAle; ari vijigISu, apane mitrake sAthI, zatruke mitra, svamitra, Akranda arimitra, pANigraha, Akranda, AkrAndamitra aura do madhyastha ina bArahako amAtya, rAjya, durga, koza 2 1. yo vijigISI prAsthitepi pratiSThamAne vA pazcAtkopaM janayati sa pANigrahaH / 2. pANigrahAdyaH pazcimaH sa AkrandaH / 3. pASNigrAhamitramAsAra AkrandamitraM ca / nI0 vA0 sa0 sU0 26-28

Page #254
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 209 aura bala ina pA~case guNA karanepara sATha patravAle; sandhi, vigraha, yAna, Asana, saMzraya aura dvaidhIkaraNa ina chaH puSpavAle evaM sthAna, kSaya aura bRddhi ina tIna phalavAle rAjanIti vRkSako jAnatA hai, vahI nItivAn nRpa hai / rAjyAdhikAra - kA' nirUpaNa karate hue batAyA hai ki sabase prathama putrakA, anantara bhAIkA, bhAIke abhAva meM vimAtAke putra - sautele bhAIkA, isake abhAva meM cAcAkA, isake abhAvameM sagotrI kA, sagotrIke na rahane para nAtI--lar3akIke putrakA evaM isake abhAva meM kisI AgantukakA adhikAra hotA hai / isa prakAra somadeva sUrine rAjanItikA vistRta varNana kiyA hai / 1. sutasodarasapatnapitRvya kulyadauhitrAgantukeSu pUrvapUrvAbhAve bhavatyuttarasya rAjyapadAcAptiH // - nIti0 rAjA sa0 sU0 86 35

Page #255
JAIN CULTURE IN SHAHABAD It would be no exaggeration to say that the district of Shahabad in Bihar is the land of physical prowess as well as of religious grandeur. Apart to other religions its contribution to Jainism is singularly profound and comprehensive. In this respect, Shahabad really makes a mark in Bihar. It has the proud privilege of inhabiting about one and half thousand Jains under its area which constitutes the modern district of Shahabad. Jains reside here in the towns of Arrah and Dalmianagar as the main centre. Historically speaking Jainism exists in this district from the 6th century A.D. About twenty images of Jain Nemi Nath, Rishabha Nath and others, the fabulous tree Kalpbriksha (a tree granting everything desired) the religion incarnate Dharmachakra excavated from Chousa, in Buxar subdivision, unmistakably vouchsafe the truth of the above statement. Archeo logists have fixed the period of these images, to be from the 6th century A.D. to the 9th century A.D. The finding of Dharmachakra, originated by Rishabha Nath, is the symbol of the spread of Jainism in Shahabad dist. before the 6th century A.D., as it is undisputed that Dharmachakra has been excavated only from those places where Jainism had once its stronghold. All these relics excavated from Chousa have been kept safely in the Patna Museum. The sight of these in the museum vividly recalls the religious fervour, skill and artistic genius of that age. However the present existence of Jains in Shahabad is not traceable to earlier than four hundred years ago. The history of middle period is uncertain and is not available. Jains clerrly come into picture from here year 1554. There are various images of year 1554 in the Chandra Prabhu Chaityalaya, built by Babu Chunni Lal. It is clear from the *Murtilekha' of 'Mul Nayak Pratima of Chandra Prabhu' that it was built in Aram Nagar, in 'Sambat 1562 'Baishakha sudi astami'. The front portions of the image have faded and are not easily read. In the same temple there ss a little image of Chandra Prabhu bearing the date of its installation as Baishakha sudi tija 1533, established by Jivaraj Papariwal. It seems, it is one of the one lakh images installed by Jivaraj Papariwal in the different parts of India. There is also a Jain temple in Village Masarh, 6 miles west of Arrah another place of antiquity which gose back to the time of Harsa. Its 'Murti lekha' bears the date Baishakha sudi chaudas 1876. Huen Tasns has referred to this place as Mo-no-so-lo or Mahasara, which was close to the Ganges at that time. Some Rathor Jains of Marwar settled t. re in the fourteenth century and an inscribed Jain image bearing

Page #256
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA,saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 211 the date 1386 A.D. is still to be found there. Babu Sankar Lal of Arrah completed a Jain temple 'Parshnath Mandir' there in Bikrama Sambat 1819. and an inscription reads that the image of Parasnath was dedicated by him. a citizen of Aram Nagar during the prosperous English rule. over Karushadesa. There are 44 temples in Arrah and its suburb and one in Dalmianagar, From the point of view of art and crafts all these reach the zenith and are certainly captivating. In fine the whole of this land of Shahabad is dotted, as it were, with places of historical interest and importance like these Jain temples, Shahabad is really great on account of its Jain temples and Jain community, whose ideal of non-violence is still a living faith with them. The Murti lekha found in Masarah is as follows : saMvat 1876 varSe bhaTTAraka mahendra bhUSaNastadAmnAye kAMsilagotre vakhatAvara sIMghaHtasya putraH zaMkaralAlaH tasya putrAzcAvAraH zrIratanacandraH kotticandraH gupAlacandraH pyArelAlazca ArAmanagaravAsIti / masADha nagare jinabimva krraapitaa| racanacandreNa rathayAtrA sotsAhaM kArApitA ceti / A brief sketch of some of the well known Jain temples of Shahabad in a nut-shell is given below : 1. Shree Samaveda Sikhar Mandir:- This was dedicated by Harprasad Das Jain, the true server of the cause of humanity. To satisfy the yearning of his heart he got erected in 1902 two palatial buildings and employed a highly paid sculptor from aipur to reproduce in marble the famous holy places like Parshwanath hill and the images of 24 Tirthankars. In the same year he executed a registered deed on the 10th March, making a free gift of the houses to the public-along with this temple. In the trust-deed cxecuted on the 31 st March 1918, he himself rccounts with evident satisfaction "I have got two houses built at a high cost adjacent to each other for Dharmasala in the Mahalla Mahajan Toli No. I. at Arrah and on the upper storey of one of these houses I have got constructed in white marblea kharjee and Shree Kailashjce in miniature, I have further got the temple of Pawapuri along with the tank constructed in white marble and also the temple of Shree Champapuri. In all these I have installed the 'Charans' of the Gods. In the houses are installed the God Shree Adinath, Parashnath, Mahabir Swami, the 24 Tirthankars and a few Pratimas." There is a gla our around these little splendid huls. It is a monumetal building, historically important, aesthetically superb and humanly inspiring. It is deed a triumph of art over God. Looked at from every point of view. it prorides occasion for thoughts and ideas which uplift our bearts, Experts in the art of building have paid unstinted praise to the skill and genius of those woh

Page #257
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna were responsible for its structure. The average sightseer too has waxed eloquent and become thrilled at the spectacle of this dream in marble. As one observes the grand monument one is reminded inevitably of the history behind the hills of this 'poem in marble'. Shahabad is proud of its architectural glories from time immemorial and these hilis are a brilliant specimen of Jain art and imagination. 2. Shree Bahubali Jain Mandir. This temple built within the compound of Shree Jain Bala Vishram. Dharma Kunj, Arrah, was dedicated by Shree Nem Sunder Devi, pious wife of Late Babu Dhanedra Das Jain of Arrah. It is admitted on all hands that the 57 feet high, ancient image of Bahubali Swami, in Shrawan Bela Gola, in Mysore state, is a unique sight worth seeing in the world. Historians hold that its foundation was laid by general Chamund Roy of Ganga Bans in the tenth century. He was the commander-in-chief Ganga dynasty Becoming a deserving hero of the time he dedicated the famous statue of Gomatha Swami, the great hero and the second son of Rishabha Deo. This grand unparalelled image of Bahubali and Gomatha was copied in South India at Venur and Karkal respectively. But the non-existence of a statue of Bahubali's was always striking in North India, So the honour of its first foundation in North India goes to Arrah. The statue is 15 ft. high and weighs 250 maunds. The temple is standing over an artificial mountain amidst beautiful natural surroundings. One is struck dumb by the graceful and life-likc engravings of flowers, creepers and fruits round the temple and it is a marvel how such microsco pic items could have been done on stone, Equally impressive are the effects of the larger masses of stones and red stones over which this temple is built. The big domes, the huge gate and the vast and spacious garden are all done with supreme aesthetic skill. 3. The Jal Mandir -This was laid by late Babu Abhay Kumar Jain of Arrah. Pawapuri has been said to be the expiration place of the last Tirthankar Maha bir, where is a vast exquisite temple, situated in the heart of a big tank full of lotus flowers. She same is reproduced in this teriiple. This is also built in the middle of a little tank. To cross the tank there is a four feet wide and about 40ft long bridge. A magnificet image of Mahabir is installed in it. As one approaches the building sees first the grand gate of redwood which is imposing in its effect. On entering this gate, one is presented with the spectacle of a lovely garden. Then comes the dais on which the main building of the monument is constructed. The whole scene is thrilling and worth seeing. 4. Nandiswar Dwip Mandir :--This is adjacent to Panchayati Mandir. In this temple 52 stnall Chaityalaya (@aisa) have been set up in a

Page #258
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 213 very artistic way. The construction of the Nandiswar Dwip has been set on the basis of Jain-geography. From the point of art, religious instinct and minute details temple also is of great importance. 5. Sahasrakut Chaityalaya :- This temple is under the Adinath temple in Dhanupura. In this temple, on the same storey are one thousand Jain Arhat images, carved with delicate skill and vision. This is religiously well famed in India, reviving as it does, the past glories of Arhat Pratimas and to see it in the moonlight is an unforgettable experience, 6. Shree Adinath Mandir :- This was constructed by Late Babu Makhan Lal in Dhanupura. In this, grand, fascinating and shining images of the God Adinath, Parshwa Nath and others have been installed. People offer unstinted praise to its charm and fascination. 7. Panchayati Jain Mandir :-One thousand Jain images have been constructed in one stone piece. Many important relics of Jainism are to be found here. The most recent addition to the site is a grand building. But even such of it as remains is enough to excite one's imaginat.on for it is a huge structure built with so many images which are yet in a good condition. This is a holy place of pilgrimage. Thus it is historically important because it tells us of the glory of the Arrah Jain organisation. 8. Chaubishi Jain Mandir :- This was founded by late Babu Sukhanand. Its importance is due to the fact that all the 24 images of Tirthankaras are of similar colour as written in Jain Agam. It is also worth seeing. Jain community in Arrah has also got publishing houses of international fame in the world of religion, which have popularised Jainism through famous publications. They are as follows:-- 1. The Central Jain Publishing House, Arrah :- The first institution of the Jain 'Samaj' in India which has published Jain religion, philosophy and literature in English language. This was established in 1911. Kumar Davendra Prasad remained its life-long secretary. He was a man of great zeal and renunciation. This house has published magnificent and invaluable books like 'Drabya Sangrah'. Key of Knowledge, Jain Law, Out lines of Jainism, Jain Jem Dictionary, Dictionary of Jain Biography, Jain Chrono logy, Tatwarthadhi-gam Sutra and many other books of the Jain literature in english. These publications are reputed not only in India but also in England and Germany. Foreigners have realised the Jain aspect of religion only through these publications. 2. Shree Deo Kumar Jain Granthamala - This Granthamala was started by Shree Nirmal Kumar Jain a worthy son of a worthy father in

Page #259
228 bhAratIya saMskRti vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna 1922 after the name of his well-known father, late Babu Deokumar Jain of Arrah. This has published eleven books up-till now, in which Jain Litrature in Tamil, Prasthai-Sangrah, Jain-Pratima-Lekha-Sangrah', 'Baidhya-SarSangrah' and Muni Subrut Kabya are of much application and importance. 3. Syadwad Prakashan Mandir:-This house has translated Jain Books of Kanara Literature in hindi with a great zeal and enthusism. This has published up till now 'Dharmamrit', 'Ratnakar Satka I, and II, III part in a quite new and nevel way. In this way Jain publications in Shahabad have justly gained a neme and maintaining it in right earnest. Several journals and magazines have also appeared from here and one is still continuing. A few important from those are: 1. The Jain Gazette :-This was edited by illustrious late Babu Deo Kumar Jain from 1899 to the end of his life in 1907. This magazine was the torch bearer of the Jain religion, philosophy and literature in all walks of life. Now-a-days its files also are of great use to the Jains. 2. Shree Jain Sidhant Bhasker and Jain Antiquary -This is a research paper of Jain Literature published under the auspices of Jain Sidhant Bhawan. This was issued in 1911 in the beginning but due to unfavourable circumstances it stopped its publication but from 1934 it has been regularly appearing up till now, This is a high class periodical which is subscribed by most of the intellectual aristocrats of the country and the centres of research works. Research works are published in this paper written by eminent scholars of the country. Before long it was tri-monthly but now it is published twice a year. 3. Jain Mahila Parishad.-Edited by Bidushi Ratna Pandita Chanda Bai from 1921. This is the only paper worth mentioning for women, in Jain community. This paper serves as a beacon light to social and religious reforms of the women. The editorial note is full of bristling gems of noble thoughts and constructive ideas. This shows the literaray progress of Janism in Shahabad in brief. This is really a matter of great pride for Shahabad. There are also several institutions popularising Janism in Shahabad. They are unique of their type a few among them being. 1. Shree Jain Sidhant Bhawan :-This was established by late Shree Deo Kumar in 1905 which is now housed in a beautiful up-to-date building built at a cost of thousands of rupees. She Library has now become a growing institution having 17000 high class books on different topics conceming all the religions and almost all the schools of philosophy of the world,

Page #260
jaina tIrtha, itihAsa, kalA, saMskRti evaM rAjanIti 215 eight thousand manuscript books of Jain Literature out of which two thousand and five hundred are on palm leaves and the rest on paper. It has also got good collection of rare coins, stamps and antique sacred paintings, This is the only institution quite unique of this type in India. This Library won the approbation of Mahatama Gandhi, Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya and many other great personalities of India when they happened to visit this part of the country. It has also attracted scholars from Germany and America who specially come to this place in connection with research works. It is managed by Shree Deo Kumar Jain Trust. 2. Shree Jain Bala Vishram :--She only institution for advancing female education in India among the Jains was founded by Shree Chanda Bai Jain in 1921 and she has been codducting it with great success. It living monument of Jains for the purpose of female-education. Jain girls and also girls of other religions from every corner of India come to read here. Girls are instructed in subjects fit for making them good wives, good mothers as well as good citizens. It teaches religion and indian ideal of womanhood. From here girls appear at the examinations of high sanskrit stages like nyaytirth, shastri parikha, sahitya ratan, matriculation, tntermediate and B. A. Provision for teaching subjects for those examinations have been amply made, It has got a big compound with three buildings, two hostels for girls and many classes decorated in a very artistic way. The whole institution is in the lap of nature. Due to this institution to-day rarely an illiterate woman is found in Jain community. In this way Jains in Shahabad have been making valuable contributions to Jain religion and are always alive to their religious duties. For the sake of preaching Jainism, 'Mahabir Jayanti' (Shrut Panchami Parwa', 'Rakshabandhan Parwa', Mahabir Nirwan Diwash is celeberted by them on a large scale. Thousands of people come to listen to the aspects of Jainism on the eve of Mahabir Jayanti. There are many charitable dispensaries managed by Jains, two Dharamsalas, Jain Schools and Jain College. In this way Jainism has got a great foot-hold in Shahabad.

Page #261

Page #262
bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAe~ 1. jaina bhaktikA svarUpa 2. bauddha mahAyAnameM bhakti siddhAnta 3. jaina vAGmayameM saMgIta

Page #263

Page #264
jaina bhaktikA svarUpa jainadarzanakI bhA~ti jaina bhakti bhI sabhI devI-devatAoMkI bhaktise nirAlI hai / anya dharmavAle yaha mAna kara bhagavAnkI bhakti karate haiM ki bhagavAn hamArA kucha banA deMge, hameM kucha de deMge / vAstavameM bhagavAn ke hAthameM kucha denA lenA nahIM hai / saMsArake sabhI jIva apane zubhaazubha bhAvoMke karanevAle haiM aura bhoganevAle haiN| bhakta bhagavAn kI bhaktimeM tanmaya ho kara bhI apane bhAvoM meM hI lIna hotA hai, bhAvoMmeM hI DUba jAtA hai / kintu mAnatA yaha hai ki maiM bhagavAnke caraNoMmeM lIna thA, unake svarUpameM itanA Asakta thA ki apane Apako bhUla gayA thA / isameM koI sandeha nahIM hai ki bhakti 'rAgAnugA' hotI hai / bhakta rAgase ArAdhya devake caraNoM meM jhukatA hai, unakI prazaMsA, stuti-vandanA karatA hai aura saba kucha bhUla kara apane Apako kendrita kara letA hai / yathArtha meM jinendra bhagavAnko bhakti bAharameM nahIM antara meM hotI hai / kyoMki paramAtmA bAharameM kahIM sthita nahIM haiM / lokameM paramAtmAkI puruSAkAra mUrtiyA~ pratIka haiM | sacce paramAtmA to hamAre bhItara vidyamAna haiM / jo usa vItarAga nirmala AtmA rUpa paramAtmAko pahacAnatA jAnatA hai, vahI saccA jina bhakta hai / yaha sunizcita hai ki jaba taka bhakta apane meM aura bhagavAn meM bheda mAnatA hai aura paramArthase bhI bheda samajha kara bhinnatAkA anubhava karatA rahatA hai, taba taka bhaktikI bhUmikAko prApta nahIM hotA / kyoMki vAstavika bhakti meM bhakta aura bhagavAnkI abhedAnubhUti honA Avazyaka hai / jahA~ bhakta, bhagavAn aura bhaktikA bheda-bhAva hai, vahA~ yathArthameM bhakti nahIM hai jo bhakta bhagavAnkI aura apanI jAtiko bhinna-bhinna samajhatA hai, vaha vItarAgatAko upalabdha kara bhagavAn kaise bana sakatA hai ? kyoMki do jAtiyA~ mila kara kabhI eka nahIM bana sakatIM / jaina bhaktI pramukha vizeSatA hai-- rAgako vItarAgatAmeM samAhita kara denA / rAgakA visarjana kie binA vItarAgatAkI prApti nahIM hotI / ataH bhakta vItarAgake guNoMkA smaraNa karatA huA apane Apako dRSTi-bheda kara yathArtha rUpameM anubhava karanekA abhyAsa karatA hai / jo paramAtmA ke vAstavika svarUpako mAnatA, jAnatA va anubhava karatA hai, vahI paramAtmasvarUpakA saMvedana karatA hai - yaha jaina bhaktikA vijJAna hai| jina - paramAtmAkI yaha bhI eka vizeSatA hai ki unhoMne ananta jJAniyoMmeM bhaktoMmeM tathA bhagavAnoMmeM koI bheda nahIM batAyA hai / jitane bhI bheda kahe jAte haiM, ve saba bAharI, laukika tathA para nimittakI apekSA se haiM, vastutaH koI bheda nahIM hai / isaliye bhaktako bhI jinendradevakA laghunandana kahA gayA hai| jaina bhaktikI yaha bhI vizeSatA hai ki bhakta "so'haM" kI anubhUti meM sthira hotA huA svayaM bhagavAn ho jAtA hai| use koI bhagavAn banAtA nahIM hai / bhakti to upacAravaza kahI jAtI hai / isIliye apane aura bhagavAnke bIcameM koI sImA mAna kara pravRtti nahIM karatA hai / yadi vaha sImA mAna kara cale to kabhI bhI sImAke pAra nahIM pahu~ca sakatA / yaha bheda jaina - bhaktimeM nahIM hai / AcArya kundakundadeva kahate haiM - he bhavyajIvo ! isa dehameM jo sthita hai, use jAno / lokameM namaskAra karane yogya indra Adi aura stuti dhyAna karane yogya tIrthaGkarAdi bhI jisakI stuti karate haiM, jisakA dhyAna karate haiM, namaskAra karate haiM, usa vacanAtIta bhedajJAniyoMke anubhavagocara paramAtmasvarUpako jAno, namaskAra karo, dhyAna karI, stuti gAna karo / ' 1. mokSapAhuDa, gA0 103 /

Page #265
bauddha mahAyAnameM bhakti-siddhAnta bauddha mahAyAnameM trikAyavAda siddhAnta AyA hai| isI siddhAntase bhaktikA vikAsa huA hai, para nirvANa prApta karate samaya buddhane apane ziSyoMko upadeza diyA-"Ananda jisa dharma aura vinayakA maiMne tumheM upadeza diyA hai, jise maiMne tumheM batAyA hai, vahI mere bAda tumhArA zAstA hogaa|" eka anya ghaTanA meM AyA hai-vakkIla nAmaka bhikSuka eka bAra bahuta bImAra pdd'aa| usane bhagavAn buddhake darzanoMkI icchA kI / bhagavAn buddhane jAkara usakI icchAko pUrNa kiyA aura upadeza diyA-"vakkIla merI isa gandI kAyAko dekhanese tujhe kyA lAbha hogaa| jo dharmako dekhatA hai, vaha mujhe dekhatA hai, aura jo mujhe dekhatA hai, vaha dharmako dekhatA hai / ina uddharaNoMse spaSTa hai ki bhagavAn buddha dharmakAyako bahuta mahattva dete the / isa dharmakAyake siddhAMtane mahAyAna sampradAyameM bhaktibhAvakA samAveza kiyA hai / mahAyAna bhakti kSetrameM buddhake dharmakAyako eka prakArase unakA nirguNa rUpa batAyA gayA hai aura unake laukika zarIrako avatAra vyaJjita kiyA gayA hai / usake prati ananya zraddhAkI bAtapara bala diyA gayA hai| yaha anantaM zraddhA hI Age calakara bhaktike rUpameM vikasita huii| zraddhAke atirikta 'trizaraNa siddhAnta'ne bhI bhaktibhAvanAke vikAsapara bala diyA hai / prAcIna bauddha dharmameM kevala karmavAdako hI mahattva diyA gayA thA / usameM kisI prakArake IzvarakI pratiSThA nahIM thii| mahAyAna sampradAyameM buddhako Izvarake rUpameM pratiSThita kiyA gayA aura unake prati pUrNa zraddhAbhAvanA samarpita kI gyii| yahI zraddhA bhAvanA bhakti bhAvanAkA AdhArastambha hai / "saddharmapuNDarIka"3 meM bhagavAna buddhako jagatkA saMtAraka kahA gayA hai / unameM advitIya karuNA aura kRpAbhAvakI pratiSThA karake unake vyaktitvako bhaktavatsala banAyA gayA hai| avalokitezvara buddhane kRSNake sadRza hI pratijJA kI thI ki jitane duHkhI prANI haiM, una sabakA bhAra maiM apane Upara letA hU~ / isI prakAra aura bhI aise bahutase uddharaNa milate haiM, jinameM bhaktikI prANabhUta pravRtti prapattikI jhalaka dikhalAyI par3atI hai / 'sukhAvatI' sampradAyameM buddha devAdhidevake rUpameM pratiSThita kiye gaye haiM / asaMkhya strI-puruSa kAruNika pitA amitAbhakI zaraNa jAte rahe haiM / isoko ve muktikA mArga mAnate the / isase spaSTa hai ki mahAyAnI bhakti bhAvanAmeM IzvaravAdI aura avatAravAdI pravRttike sAtha-sAtha vaiSNavoMke prapattibhAvakI bhI pratiSThA ho gayI / mahAyAnI bhaktikI eka mahattvapUrNa vizeSatA mantra japa hai / tibbata Adi dezoMmeM mantrajapako bahuta mahattva diyA gayA hai / mantra japake sAtha-sAtha prArthanA tattvako bhI mahattva prApta hai / honendrake ziSya zinarenakA kathana hai ki buddhakI hameM karuNA pUrvaka prArthanA karanI cAhiye / 1. dIghanikAya 2 / 3 / / 2. Aspects of Mahoyava of Budhisen. Page 103-108 3. saddharmapuNDarIka, 2011,

Page #266
bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAe~ * 221 hama unakI sahAyatAse hI, unakI zakti dvArA lakSyako prApta kara sakate haiM / bhaktikI siddhike liye nimnalikhita tattvoMko mahattA dI gayI hai (1) gambhIra zraddhAke sAtha AdhyAtmika pramodakA anubhava (2) guruke samIpa jAkara satsaMga karanA aura buddha pUjA karanA (3) dharmazAstroMkA svAdhyAya aura unake anukUla jIvana yApana (4) citta zuddhi (5) namu amidA vutsu (namaH amitabuddhAya) mantrakA jApa prajJApAramitAoMmeM buddhabhaktiko sabase adhika mahattva azvaghoSane diyA hai / usane pApIse pApI vyaktike uddhArakA sAdhana bhaktibhAvako mAnA / zAntidevane 'bodhicaryAvatAra' aura 'zikSAsamuccaya' meM pApavimuktike liye hRdayakI vyAkulatA, buddhakI pUjA vandanA, bhaktibhAvakI tallInatA, AtmavismRti evaM Atma samarpaNako mahattva diyaa| isa AcAryane buddha aura bodhisattvoMke dAsa honekI bAta khii| ataeva bauddha dharmameM dAsyabhaktikA sandeza lAnevAlA yaha pahalA AcArya hai / zAntidevakI bhaktimeM AtmotsargakI pravRtti, upAsyake sAtha tAdAtmyakI chaTapaTAhaTa, naitika AdarzavAdakI abhivyakti aura AtmasamarpaNakI bhAvanA pUrNatayA pAyI jAtI hai / bodhicaryAvatArameM evaM sarvamidaM kRtvA yanmayA sAdhitaM zubham / tena syAM sarvabhUtAnAM sarvaduHkhaprazAntikRt / / arthAt puNya aura zubha kRtyoMdvArA jo kucha ajita kiyA gayA hai, usase sampUrNa prANiyoMke duHkhakA nAza ho| zAntidevake siddhAntoMmeM vinamratA aham bhAvakA nirodha, buddha bandanA, zaraNAgata vatsalatA, vaiSNava bhaktoMke samAna haiM / 'bodhicaryA' aura 'zikSAsamuccaya'ke anusAra bhaktike nimnalikhita aGga hai (1) vaMdanA aura pUjA-buddha aura bodhisattvoMkI pUjA aura arcanA Avazyaka hai / ve saMsArake samasta padArthoMse bodhi sattvakI pUjA karanA cAhate haiM, samasta puSpa, vRkSa, phala bhagavAnko arpaNa karate haiM / itanA hI nahIM, ve apane Apako bhI buddha aura bodhisatvoMko samarpaNa karanA cAhate haiM / buddhakI kAruNika bhAvanAse prerita hokara ve unake caraNoMmeM apanA dAsya bhAva nivedana karate haiM / isa vandanA aura pUjAke antargata prema aura AtmasamarpaNakI bhAvanA bhI nihita hai| (2) pApadezanA-jise vaiSNava bhaktimeM Atmanivedana kahA hai, usIko bodhicaryAvatArameM 'pApadezanA' kahA hai| isa sthitimeM sAdhaka apane hRdayako samasta glAniyoM, apane kiye hue samasta pApoM aura apane jIvanake samasta vikAroMkA pazcAttApa pUrvaka udghATana karatA hai / vaha saphalatAke liye bodhisattvakI zaraNameM jAtA hai aura bilakhatA huA kahatA hai-"jo bhI pApakarma maiMne isa jIvana yA atIta jIvanoMmeM kiye haiM yA dUsaroMko karanekI preraNA kI hai, una sabako maiM svIkAra karatA huuN| maiM pazcAttApase jala rahA huuN| maiMne apane ajJAnase mRtyuko 1. boSicaryAvatAra, 3 / 6 / 2. bodhicaryAvatAra, 28 /

Page #267
222 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna prApta kiyA hai / he bhikSuo ! maiMne apane mana aura zarIrase triratnake virodhameM aneka pApa kiye haiM / maiM una sabako svIkAra karatA huuN| maiM aneka aparAdhoMko karanevAlA pApI huuN| maiM pApase kisa prakAra vimukti prApta kruuNgaa| maiM atyanta bhayabhIta hU~ ki pApoMkA bhAra pheMkane ke pUrva hI kahIM na mara jAU~" / zAntideva pApoMse vimukta honeke lie bodhisattvase sahAyatAkI yAcanA karate haiN| duHkhase mukti prApta karaneke liye buddhakI zikSAoMkA anusaraNa karanA bhI Avazyaka hai| (3) puNyAnumodanA-jaba pazcAttApakI agnimeM bhaktake samasta vikAra naSTa ho jAte haiM, taba usameM puNyAnumodanakI zakti A jAtI hai| usakA hRdaya dUsaroMke puNyoMkI prazaMsA karaneke yogya ho jAtA hai / vaha dUsaroMke zubhakarmako dekhakara prazaMsA karatA hai aura prasannatAkA anubhava karatA hai| (4) adhyeSaNA-adhyeSaNAkA artha hai-yAcanA yA praarthnaa| isa avasthAmeM sAvaka kRta-kRtya bodhisatvoMse yAcanA karatA hai ki saMsArameM jIvoMkI sattA sadA banI rahe, jisase vaha jIvoMkI duHkha nivRttike liye prayatna karatA rahe / bhagavAn buddhase bhI yahI kAmanA karatA hai ki use isI prakArakA upadeza deN| (5) zaraNagamana-maiM tumhArI zaraNameM hU~, isa prakArako pratyeka kSaNa anubhUti sAdhakako karanI cAhie / buddha, dharma aura saMgha ina tInoMkI zaraNa pApamuktike liye Avazyaka hai / (6) AtmabhAvAdi parityAga--mahAyAna bhakti sampradAyameM ahambhAvake parityAgapara bahuta bala diyA hai / manuSya apane astitvako vizva prANiyoMke astitvameM lIna kara denA cAhatA hai / usakA yaha nizcaya rahatA hai ki jo kucha bhI puNya karma usane kiye haiM, ve saba dUsare prANiyoM ke kalyANake vidhAyaka baneM / sAdhaka samasta vikAroMkA parityAga kara dUsaroMke kalyANameM laganA cAhatA hai / usakI kAmanA hai ki jo kucha bhI puNya usane zubha karmoM dvArA arjita kiyA hai, usase sampUrNa prANiyoMkA duHkha dUra ho / duHkhI prANiyoMke hRdayameM praveza kara unake duHkhako bAMTa lenekI AkulatA bhI mahAyAnI sAdhakameM dekhI jAtI hai / batAyA hai-"jaise apane nirAtmaka zarIrameM abhyAsase Atmabuddhi hotI hai, usI taraha dUsaroMmeM bhI abhyAsase Atmabuddhi kyoM na ho ?" isa prakAra bhakti aGgake antargata vikAra bhAvako chor3akara prANiyoMke kalyANake hetu saMkalpa karanA aura saMkalpAnusAra pravRtti karanA Adi parigaNita haiM / mahAyAnIbhakti sAdhaka pAramitAe~ ___ mahAyAnI bhaktimeM pAramitAoMko mahattva diyA gayA hai| vaiSNavI bhaktimeM jo sthAna sadAcAra tattvako prApta hai, vahI sthAna mahAyAno bhaktimeM pAramitAoMko prApta hai / pAramitA zabdakA artha hai pUrNatva' / yaha pAli bhASAke pAragAmI zabdase niSpanna hai / kuzala karmoke AcaraNase vyakti pAramitAoMko prApta karatA hai / pAramitAeM pradhAna rUpa se chaha haiM1. bodhicaryAvatAra 2 / 28-32 / 2. vahI, 31-3 / 3. vahI, 3 / 4-5 / 4. pathAtmabuddhiramyAsAtsvakAye'sminnirAtmake / pareSvapi tathAtmatvaM kimabhyAsAmna jAyate // bodhicaryAvatAra, 8 / 115 / 4. Aspects of Mahayana Budhism, Page 306

Page #268
bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAe~ 223 (1) dAnapAramitA-saMsArake samasta prANiyoMke liye niSkAma bhAvase dAna denA ho dAnapAramitA hai / saMsArake duHkhoMkA kAraNa sarvaparigraha mAnA gayA hai / ataeva aparigraha muktikA vidhAyaka hai| dAna pAramitAke prApta honepara sAdhakameM kisI vastuke prati mamatvakA bhAva zeSa nahIM raha jaataa| vaha samasta prANiyoMmeM apanA hI rUpa dekhatA hai / isa pAramitAkI pUrNa saphalatAke liye sAdhakako zaThatA, mAtsarya, IrSyA, paizunya aura bhAvalInatA jaise vikAroMkA pUrNa parityAga karanA par3atA hai / inake parityAga kara lenepara hI dAnapAramitA apanI pUrNatAko prApta hotI hai| (2) zIlapAramitA-zIlakA artha hai gahita aura kutsita karmoMse cittako virakta rakhanA / dUsare zabdoMmeM hama viraktiko hI zIla kaha sakate haiN| isameM cittako zuddha, manako sthira aura zarIrako svastha rakhanekI AvazyakatA hotI hai| smRtikA artha hai vidhi tathA pratiSiddhakA smaraNa rakhanA / jo vyakti vidhi niSedhoMkA pUrNatayA smaraNa rakhate hue unakA AcaraNa karatA hai zIlapAramitAkA vahI adhikArI hai| pratisamaya apane mana aura zarIrakA nirIkSaNa karate hue unameM kisI bhI prakArakA vikAra utpanna na ho, isakA prayAsa hI zIla hai / zIlake binA sambodhikI prApti nahIM hotii| ataH zIlapAramitAkA sambandha bhaktike sAtha hai| (3) zAntipAramitA-isa pAramitAkI AvazyakatA rAgadveSAdike zamanArtha par3atI hai / zAnti tIna prakArakI hai-(1) duHkhAdivAsanAzAnti (2) paropakAramarSaNa zAnti aura (3) dharmanidhyAnazAnti / pahale prakArako zAnti vaha dazA hai, jisameM atyanta kaSToMke hote hue bhI kisI prakArakA durbhAva nahIM paidA hone paataa| isa durbhAvake pratikArake hetu muditA nAmaka sthitikA samucita AcaraNa karanA hotA hai| dUsare prakArakI zAnti sahiSNutA dvArA prApta hotI hai| sAdhaka dUsaroM dvArA kiye hue apakAroMko sahana karatA hai| sabhI avasthAoMmeM krodhakA tyAgakara dharmameM nirata rahanA hI dharmanidhyAna zAnti kahalAtI hai / zAnti pAramitAmeM bhakta yA sAdhakakA hRdaya sahanazIla ho jAtA hai aura ArAdhyarUpa bananekI ceSTA karatA hai / (4) vIryapAramitA--vIryakA artha hai karma karanekA utsAha / bauddhadharmameM karmavAdako mahattva diyA gayA hai| manuSya apane zubhakarmoMse hI nirvANa prApta karatA hai| karmoM meM utsAhapUrvaka pravRtti rakhanA hI vIryapAramitA hai| karma bhI do prakArake hote haiM--eka kuzala, dUsare akuzala / kuzalakarma karane meM utsAha aura akuzala karmoMke prati anutsAha honA caahie| isake liye Alasya AdikA tyAga karanA par3atA hai aura karma karaneke prati jAgarUka rahanA par3atA hai| utsAha pUrvaka kiye gaye kuzala karmoke karanese manuSyakA vivakSita citta sthira ho jAtA hai aura usake bahutase kleza naSTa ho jAte haiN| kleza naSTa karaneke bhagavAn buddhane do sAdhana batAye haiM--eka zamaya aura dUsarA vipazyanA / zamathakA artha hai samAdhi aura vipazyanAkA artha hai jJAna / ina donoMkI prApti bhaktise hotI hai / (5) dhyAnapAramitA-dhyAna pAramitAke sAtha zamatha aura vipazyanAkA sambandha hai| zamaya yA samAdhi binA virakti nahIM hotii| isaliye mahAyAna sampradAyameM viraktipara bahuta jora diyA hai| Asaktike tyAgako mahAyAna sampradAyameM Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai aura isake

Page #269
224 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna liye ekAnta sevanakA vidhAna batalAyA hai / vizva kalyANa bhAvanAkA vikAsa dhyAna pAramitAse hotA hai aura bhakti isameM sahAyaka hai| (6) prajJApAramitA -- dhyAna pAramitA ke abhyAsase cittakI ekAgratA hotI hai / cittakI ekAgratA prajJAko janma detI hai / jisakA citta ekAgra hai usIko satyakA darzana saMbhava hai / avidyAkA nAza prajJAke sahAre hI kiyA jA sakatA hai / avidyA hI saba pApoMkA mUla hai / prajJApAramitAkA sabase bar3A lakSya dharmokI nissAratAkA bodha karAnA hai / prajJApAramitAke udaya honepara hI sarvadharma zUnyatAkA anubhava hotA hai / sarvadharma zUnyatAkA anubhava karanA hI boddhadharmakA lakSya hai / isase avidyAkI pUrNa nivRtti hotI hai / avidyAke nirodhase saMskAroMkA nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai / saMskAroMke nirAkaraNase duHkhakA nirAkaraNa hotA hai / ataeva spaSTa hai ki prajJApAramitAse nivRtti aura nirvANakI prApti hotI hai / prajJApAramitAke isa mahattvane hI unakI devatAke rUpameM pratiSThA kara dI hai| bodhisattvakI bhaktikA ArAdhya yaha prajJApAramitA bhI mAnI jAtI hai / mahAyAnI bhaktimArgake vikAsake daza sopAna haiM- 1. bhagavAn buddhake dharmakAya aura nirmANakAya donoMke prati aTUTa zraddhAbhAvakA jAgaraNa / 2. mahAkaruNA aura lokasevAkI pratiSThAke kAraNa jagat saMtArakakA bhAva / 3. mantra jApa | 4. pratipada mArgake sAtha prapattibhAvakA samanvaya / 5. satsaMga aura guruzraddhA / 6. dharmAcaraNapUrvaka jIvana yApana / 7. mana aura citta kI zuddhipara vizeSa bala / 8. bhakti ke vividha aGgoMkA vikAsa / 9. anuttara pUjA / 10. pAramitAoM kA sevana / buddhake jIvana kAlameM unake ziSyoMne unake bhautika zarIrake prati atyadhika moha dikhalAyA / usa mohako unhoMne dharma kAyake prati zraddhAmeM badala diyaa| yaha zraddhA hI unake parinirvANake pazcAt bhaktike rUpameM huI / buddha ke nirmANakAya arthAt avatArI rUpake prati aTUTa zraddhAkA vyakta karanA hI bhaktikA bIja hai / mahAyAnameM Akara buddha eka prakArase Izvara bana gaye jinake prati zraddhA aura pUjA vyakta karanA Avazyaka ho gayA / buddhake sAtha aneka devatA bhI Aye jinheM bodhisattva kahate haiM / buddha svayambhU ho gaye aura ve apanI kRpAke dvArA jagat ke uddhAraka bana' gaye / buddhakI kRpA bhagavatI kRpA ho gayI / isameM sandeha nahIM ki mahAyAna sampradAyapara bhAgavata dharmakA prabhAva hai| gItAke bhaktibhAvase bhI mahAyAna sampradAyakA bhaktibhAva prabhAvita dikhalAyI par3atA hai / ataH saMkSepameM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki bhaktibhAvanAkA vikAsa mahAyAna sampradAya meM huA hai / aura mUrtipUjA bhI bauddhadharmake prabhAvase vikasita huI hai / bhAratIya dharmasAdhanA meM mUrtipUjAkA sarvaprathama upayoga bauddhadharmane hI kiyA / aisA kahA jAtA hai kintu mahA1. teSAmahaM samuddhartA mRtyusaMsArasAgarAt - saddharmapuNDarIka 2 / 11

Page #270
bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAe~ 225 yAnakA bhaktivAda bhakti sambandhI una pravRttiyoMkA svAbhAvika vikAsa hai, jo hameM buddhake mUla upadezoM yA sthaviravAda bauddhadharmameM milatI hai / muktikA AzvAsana eka aitihAsika tathyapara AdhArita honA eka aisI hI vizeSatA hai, jo mahAyAnakI apanI hai| theragAthAmeM kahA hai-- "so bhattimA nAma ca hoti paNDito batvA ca dhammesu visesiassa / " niSkarSa yaha hai ki bhaktikI sAdhanA kisI na kisI rUpameM buddhadharmake AvirbhAvakAla, balki usake kucha pUrvase hI pracalita thI aura usane avazyambhAvIrUpase mahAyAnake bhaktivAdako prabhAvita kiyA hai / mahAyAnake bhaktimArgameM bauddhadarzanake prAcIna tattva hI sammilita nahIM hai, apitu kucha navIna tattvoMkA samAveza bhI huA hai| ina navIna tattvoMmeM zaraNAgati sabase pramukha tattva hai / buddha paramezvara ho gaye / unake nAmatattvase muktikA AzvAsana mila gyaa| bhaktike prabhAvase nArakIya jIva bhI karma bandhanase chUTane lge| - 29

Page #271
jaina vAGmaya meM saMgIta saMgIta zAstrakI utpatti jaina dRSTikoNase kriyAvizAla nAmaka terahaveM pUrva se huI hai / saMgIta zAstrake vividha siddhAntoMkA nirUpaNa isI pUrva meM AyA hai| chanda, alaMkAra, kAvyake guNa doSa evaM 72 kalAoMkA nau karor3a padoM dvArA varNana kiyA gayA hai| __ jaina AcAryoM dvArA likhita saMgItako pramukhataH cAra bhAgoMmeM vibhakta kara vivecana sambhava hai / prathama vargameM dArzanika granthoM meM nihita saMgIta, dvitIya meM purANa aura kAvya granthoMmeM nihita saMgIta, tRtIyameM svatantra rUpase likhA gayA saMgIta sAhitya evaM caturthameM prAyogika saMgIta grantha haiN| dArzanika granthoMmeM tattvArthasUtrake paMcama adhyAyake 24 veM sUtra-"zabdabandhasaudamya sthaulyasaMsthAnabhedatamazchAyA''tapodyotavantazca" kI TIkAmeM zabdakI vyAkhyA karate hue pUjyapAda akalaMkadeva aura vidyAnanda Adi sabhI AcAryoMne zabda ke do bheda batalAye haiM-bhASAtmaka aura abhASAtmaka / abhASAtmaka zabdoMke bhI do bheda haiM-prAyogika aura vainasika / prAyogika zabdoMke antargata hI vAdyadhvani, kaMThadhvani aura padadhvanikA samAveza kiyA hai / vAdyadhvanimeM cAra prakArake vAdyoMko pramukhatA dI hai / tata, vitata, ghana aura saussir| "tatra carmatanananimittaH puSkarabherodrAviprabhavastataH / tantrIkRtavANAsughoSAvisamudbhavo vitataH / tAlaghaNTAlAlanAabhighAtajo dhanaH / vaMzazaMGkhAvinirmitaH' sauSiraH / vartamAna saMgItameM tata aura vitatake artha badale hue haiN| AcArya akalaMka devane isI sUtrake vyAkhyAnameM batAyA hai ki prAyogika zabda puruSake puruSArtha dvArA utpanna hotA hai / isameM tIvra, manda aura mAdhurya Adi bheda utpanna kiye jAte haiM / akalaMkane-"prayogaH puruSakAyavAmanaHsaMyogalakSaNaH" arthAt puruSakA kAya, vacana aura manake saMyogase nAda vizeSako utpanna karanA prAyogika zabda hai| vIryAntarAya jJAnAvaraNakA kSayopazama aura aMgopAMga nAmakarmake udayase AtmAke dvArA zarIrake vibhinna aMgoMse jo vAyu bAhara nikAlI jAtI hai, usase nAda utpanna hotA hai / hRdayameM nAbhike upara brahmasthAnameM prANavAyuse eka prakArakA zabda hotA hai, vahI mukha dvArA prakAzita hotA hai, usI ko nAda kahate haiM / isa prakAra AcArya akalaMkadevane jIvajanya zabda aura pudgalajanya dhvani Adi bheda kara amadhura aura sumadhura dhvaniyoMkA kathana bhI kiyA hai| pUjyapAdane kevala vAdyadhvanikA hI varNana kiyA thA, para akalaMka devane kaNThadhvanikA varNanakara svara vidyA, grAma, rAga Adi kA bhI kathana kiyA hai| yaha satya hai ki akalaMka devakA yaha varNana dArzanika hai, saMgItAtmaka nahIM, para isameM saMgItake sabhI tattva A gaye haiM / Adya dhvanikA varNana akalaMka devakA bhI pUjyapAdake samAna hI hai / vidyAnandane to saMgItake sambandhameM aura vizeSa prakAza DAlA hai| gAyana, vAdana aura nartanako saMgItakA aMga mAnate hue saptasvarakA bhI kathana kiyA hai / AcArya vIrasenane apanI dhavalA TIkAmeM vINA 'mAtokhamiti' likhakara vINA jaise 1. sarvArthasiddhi TIkA 5 / 24 ko TIkA 2, SavalATIkA, jilda 1, pR0 87

Page #272
bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAe~ 227 pramukha vAdyoMkA saMketa kiyA hai / dvAdazAMga aura caturdazapUrvake viSayakA varNana karate hue saMgIta vidyAko kriyAvizAlake antargata samAviSTa kiyA hai / AcArya vIrasenane satprarUpaNA anuyogadvArake 58 veM sUtrake vyAkhyAnameM devAganAnAm madhura saMgItamahaSita lalita kathita Adi dvArA madhura saMgItakA nirdeza kiyA hai| AcArya vIrasenane anya kaI sthAnoM para bhI saMgItakI carcA kI hai aura isakI gaNanA jJAna sAdhanoM meM bhI kI hai / prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra jaise tarka granthoMmeM zabdako paudgalika siddha karate hue saMgItake tattvoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| jo svara yA dhvani citta meM AhlAda utpanna kara detI hai, vaha svara yA dhvani Ananda kI anubhUti karAtI hai / aindrika Ananda jaba apanI sImAkA atikramaNakara atIndriya Anandake rUpameM pariNata hotA hai, to yahI AtmAnubhUtikA rUpa le letA hai / isa prakAra janadarzana granthoM meM saMgItake mUla siddhAntoMkA kathana AyA hai / purANa aura kAvya granthoM meM to saMgItakI vistRta carcAe~ Ayo haiM / jinasena dvitIyane Adi purANake 12 veM parvameM batAyA hai ki devAMganA mAtA marudevIkI sevA karaneke samaya vAdya aura nRtyagoSThI sampanna karatI tho / gIta goSThI dvArA ve spaSTa aura gAnA gAtI huI mAtA marudevIkA manoraMjana karatI thiiN| ve tAla ke sAtha nRtya karanA, aGgoMkA saMcAlana karanA evaM vibhinna prakArako nRtya sambandhI bhaMgimAoM dvArA mAtA kA manoraMjana karatI thiiN| likhA hai kAzcit saMgItagoSThISu darodbhinnasmitemukheH / babhuH padmarivAbjinyo viralodbhinnakesaraH // kAzcidoSThAgrasaMdaSTaveNavo'Nubhruvo babhuH / madanAgnimivAdhmAtu kRtayatnAH saphUtkRtam / / veNudhmA veNavIryaSTIrmArjantyaH karapallavaiH / citraM pallavitAMzcakruH prekSakANAM manodramAna // saGgItakavidhau kAzcit spRzantyaH privaadiniiH| karAGgulIbhirAtenuH gAnamAmandramUrcchanAH / / tantryo madhuramAreNuH ttkraangglitaadditaa|| ayaM tAntro guNAH ko'pi tADanAd yAti yadvazam / / vaMzaH saMdaSTamAlokya tAsAM tu dazanacchadam / vINAlAbubhirAzleSi ghanaM tatstanamaNDalam / / mRdaGgavAdanaH kAzcid babhurutkSiptabAhavaH / tatkalAkauzale zlAghAM katukAmA ivAtmanaH / mRdaGgAstatkarasparzAt tadA mandraM visasvanuH / tatkalAkauzalaM tAsAm utkurvANA ivoccakai' : // arthAt kitanI hI devAMganAe~ saMgIta goSThiyoM meM haMsate hue usI prakAra suzobhita ho rahI thIM, jisa prakAra vikasita kamaloMse yukta kamaliniyAM suzobhita hotI haiM / bahuta sI choTI 1. mAdipurANa, 12 vA parva, padya 198-205

Page #273
228 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna bhauMhavAlI deviyA~ bhoThoM ke agrabhAgase vINA dabAkara bajAtI huI aisI zobhita ho rahI thIM, mAnoM phUMkakara kAmadeva rUpI agniko prajvalita kara rahI haiM / yaha eka bar3e Azcarya kI bAta thI ki vINA bajAne vAlI kitanI hI deviyA~ apane hasta rUpI pallavoM se vINAkI lakar3Iko svaccha karatI huI hAthoMkI caJcalatA, sundaratA aura bajAnekI kuzalatAse darzakoM kA mana apaharaNa kara rahI thiiN| kitanI hI deviyA~ saMgItake samaya gambhIra zabda karane vAlI bINAoMko hAthakI a~guliyoM bajAtI huI gA rahI thiiN| ve muMhase bA~surI aura hAthase vINA bajAtI huI darzakavRndakA anuraJjana karatI thiiN| bajAne vAlI deviyoke hAthake sparzase mRdaMga gambhIra zabda kara rahe the, jisase aisA jAna par3atA thA mAno U~ce svarase una bajAne vAlI deviyoMke kalA-kauzalako hI prakaTa kara rahe hoN| isa prakAra mRdaMga, paNava, zaMkha, tUrya Adi bAdyoM dvArA janatA evaM sabhAkA citta anuraMjita kiyA karatI thIM / trayodaza parva meM RSabhadevake janmakalyANakake avasara para deva-devAGganA aura nAbhirAjake antaHpurameM jo saMgIta prastuta kiyA gayA thA usake adhyayanase saMgIta sambandhI kaI vizeSatAeM prakaTa hotI haiM / eka padyameM tAlakA mahattva batalAte hue likhA hai ki gandharva deva jo maMgala gAna prastuta kara rahe the use madhura aura Anandaprada banAne ke lie mRdaMga aura dundubhi bAdyoMke gambhIra svara dvArA tAlakI vRddhi kI jA rahI thI / yaha saMgItakA sAmAnya siddhAnta hai ki gAyanake sAtha tAlakA mela rahanese gAyana kaI gunA Anandaprada ho jAtA hai / isI siddhAntakA anusaraNa kara janmAbhiSeka ke avasara para prastuta kiye gaye nRtyameM bhI tAloMkI yojanA kI gayI hai / devAGganAe~ tAlake AdhAra para hI phirakI letI thIM aura lAsya nRtya prastuta karatI thIM aura AcArya jayasenane likhA hai gandharvArabdhasaMgItamRdaGgA dhvanimUcchite / dundubhirdhvani mandre zrotrAnandaM pratanvati // meruraGge'psarovRnde salIlaM parinRtyati / karaNairaGgahAraizca salayezca parikramaiH // AdipurANa meM vaiyaktika gAna vidyAke sAtha saMgatiyoMkA bhI varNana AyA hai / 14 veM parva meM RSabhadeva ke janmAbhiSeka ke pazcAt indrane nATakakI yojanA kI aura isa yojanA meM saMgItakI saMgatiyA~ bhI nirdiSTa kI gayI haiM / indrane puSpAJjali kSepaNakara jaba tANDava nRtya Arambha kiyA taba devAMganAeM unakA sAtha deneke lie madhura gAna gAne lgiiN| isa gAnakI dhvaniko prabhAvotpAdaka banAne ke lie puSkara jAtike vINA, muralI Adi vibhinna prakArake vAdya bajane lage / ye vAdya saMgItake svarakA hI sAtha de rahe the aura ina vAdyoMse ve hI svara niHsRta ho rahe the / isase anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki nRtya, gIta aura vAdya ina tInoMkI saMgati eka sAtha prastuta kI jA rahI thI aura ye tInoM eka hI prakArake svara aura rAgakI vRddhi kara rahe the / isase spaSTa hai ki AcArya jinasenane saMgatiyoMko mahattva diyA hai aura vastutaH saMgIta kalAkA pUrNa camatkAra saMgatiyoM dvArA hI prApta hotA hai / I 1. AdipurANa, trayodaza parva, padya 177, 179

Page #274
bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAe~ 229 isI parvameM lIlA nRtya, sUcI nRtya, bahurUpiNI nRtya, cakra nRtya Adi aneka natyoMkA ullekha AyA hai| nRtya zAstrako dRSTise AdipurANakA 14 vAM parva vizeSa mahattvapUrNa hai| isa sandarbha meM eka Ananda nAmaka nRtyakA ullekha AyA hai, jo vizeSa prakArake vAdyoM aura mAyanake sAtha sampanna kiyA jAtA thaa| tadA puSkaravAdyAni mandraM dadhvanurakramAt / diktaTeSu pratidhvAnAn AtanvAni kottishH|| vINA madharamAreNuH kalaM vaMzA visasvanuH / geyAnyanugatAnyeSA samaM tAlerarANiSuH // upavAdakavAdyAni privaadkvaaditaiH| babhUvuH saGgatAnyeva sAGgatyaM hi sayoniSu // kAkalokalamAmandratAramUrcchanamujjage / tadopavINayantIbhiH kinnarobhiranulvaNam // ' isake atirikta saMgIta goSThiyoMkA kathana bhI Adi purANameM AyA hai / gItagoSTho, vAyagoSThI, nRtyamoSTho, vINAgoSThI Adi aneka goSThiyoMkA kathana AyA hai / Adi purANameM voNA, muraja, paNava, zaMkha, tUrya, kAhalA, ghaNTA, kaNThIrava, mubaMga, dundubhi, tuNava, mahApaTaha, paTaha, puSkara, bherI Adi vAdyoMke vAdanakA nirdeza milatA hai / tantrIgata vAdyoMmeM vINAkA mahattvapUrNa sthAna thaa| alAvaNI, brahmavINA, vipaJcI, ballakI, ghoSavatI Adi kaI prakArako vINAe~ ullikhita haiM / Adi purANameM vINAke svarako sabase uttama batalAyA hai / deviyA~ mAtA marudevI se prazna pUchatI haiM ki svarake samasta bhedoMmeM uttama svara kauna sA hai ? uttara detI haiM ki vINAkA svara samasta vAdyoMmeM uttama hai| svayaM Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadevane apane putra vRSabhasenako gIta, vAdyarUpa gandharva zAstrako zikSA dI thii| ___ AdipurANameM saMgItake liye gAndharva saMjJA prApta hotI hai / gAyanakA niyama hai ki prathama manda svarase kramazaH madhya evaM tAra svarameM gotakA uccAraNa karanA caahiye| gItake tIna AkAra-pasboSa, aSTaguNa evaM tIna prakAra haiM / jo jJAnapUrvaka gIta gAyA jAtA hai, use lalita gIta kahate haiM / tIna AkAroMke antargata madugItadhvani, tIvragItadhvani evaM bhayayuktahalkI gota dhvani AtI hai / SaTdoSoMmeM bhayabhIta hokara gAnA, zIghra gAnA, dhIre gAnA, tAlarahita gAnA, kAka svarase gAnA, nAkase gAnA ityAdi hai / gAyanake ATha guNa nimna prakAra hai 1. pUrNakalAse gAnA 2. rAgako raMjaka banAkara gAnA 3. anya svara vizeSoMse alaMkRta karake gAnA 4. spaSTa gAnA 5. madhura svara yukta gAnA 6. tAlavaMzake svarase milAkara gAnA 1. AdipurANa, caturdaza parva, padya 115-118 //

Page #275
230 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna 7. tArasvarase gAnA 8. mUrcchanAoMkA dhyAna rakhate hue gAyana karanA urasa, kaNTha evaM zIrSase padabaddha geyapada sahita, tAla samAna padakA uccAraNa karanA evaM sAta svarake samakSaroM sahita gAnA hI gIta kahA gayA hai / gItako doSarahita, arthayukta, kAvyAlaMkArayukta, upasaMhAra upacArayukta, madhura zabdArthayukta evaM pramANayukta honA cAhiye / AdipurANake 16veM parvameM vAravanitAoM dvArA isI prakArake gIta gavAye gaye haiM / zyAmA-SoDaza varSIyA madhura svarase gItakA gAyana karatI hai jabaki gaurI cAturyase gIta gAtI hai / piMgalA aura kapilAko gIta gAneke liye varjita mAnA gayA hai| AdipurANameM padadhvani arthAt nRtyakA vizeSa varNana AyA hai / isameM bhAvoMkA anukaraNa karaneke sAtha-sAtha AGgika abhinayapara jora diyA gayA hai / nRtyakI vibhinna mudrAoMkA saMketa bhI AdipurANameM prApta hotA hai| tANDava nRtyako uddhatanRtya kahA hai| isameM vividha recakoM, aGgahAroM tathA piNDIbandhoMkA samAveza hai / isa nRtyameM vardhamAnaka tAlakA samAveza vizeSarUpase rahatA hai / yaha tAla, kalAoM, varNoM aura layoMpara AdhArita rahatA hai / AdipurANameM tANDava nRtyakA svarUpa vivecana karate hue likhA hai ki pAda, kaTi, kaNTha aura hAthoMko aneka prakArase ghumAkara uttama rasa dikhalAnA tANDava nRtya hai / ' tANDava nRtyakI kaI vidhiyA~ pracalita thiiN| puSpAJjali kSepaNa karate hue nRtya karanA, puSpAJjali-prakIrNaka nAmaka tANDava nRtya hai| isI prakAra vibhinna rUpoMmeM sugandhita jalakI varSA karate hue nRtya karanA jalasecana nAmaka tANDava nRtya hai| alAtacakra' nRtyameM zIghratApUrvaka phirakI lete hue vibhinna mudrAoM dvArA zarIrakA aMgasaMcAra kiyA jAtA thA / zIghratAse nRtya karaneke kAraNa hI ise alAtacakra kahA gayA hai / jisa nRtyameM kSaNabharake lie vyApaka ho jAnA, kSaNabharameM choTA bana jAnA, kSaNabharameM nikaTa dikhalAyI par3anA, kSaNabharameM dUra pahu~ca jAnA, kSaNabharameM AkAzameM dikhalAyI par3anA, vaha indrajAla nAmaka nRtya hai / isa nRtyameM nAnA prakArakI lAsya krIr3AeM bhI sammilita rahatI haiM / nRtyakI gatividhi atyanta zIghratA pUrvaka pradarzita kI jAtI hai, jisase nartaka yA nartakIkA svarUpa hI dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| ___cakranRtya meM nartakiyoMkI phirakiyAM isa prakArameM ghaTita hotI haiM, jisase kevala zira yA seharA aMza hI ghUmatA hai / mukuTakA seharA ghUmane ke kAraNa hI ise cakrasaMjJA prApta hai / / niSkramaNa' nRtyameM praveza aura nirgamana ye donoM hI kriyAe~ sAtha-sAtha calatI hai / phirakI lagAnevAlI nartakiyA~ kabhI do-tIna hAtha AgekI ora bar3hatI haiM aura kabhI do-tIna hAtha pIchekI ora haTatI haiM / phirakI lagAneko yaha prakriyA hI niSkramaNa nAmase abhihita kI jAtI hai| 1. citrazca recakaiH pAdakaTikaNThakarAzritaH / nanATa tANDavaM zakro rasamUjitaM darzayan // -Adi0 14 / 121 2. vahI, 14 / 114; 3. vahI, 14 / 128; 4. vahI, 14 / 130-131; 5. vahI, 14 / 136; 6. vahI, 14 / 134;

Page #276
bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAe~ 231 sAmUhika rUpameM nRtya karatI huI nartakiyA~ jaba simaTakara sUcIke rUpameM pariNata ho jAtI haiM, taba use sUcI nRtya kahate haiN| kisI puruSake hAtha kI aMguliyoMpara lIlApUrvaka nRtya karanA sUcI nRtya hai / ' striyA~ apane kaTAoMkA vikSepaNa karatI huI kisI puruSakI bAhuoMpara sthita ho jo nRtya karatI haiM, use kaTAkSa' nRtya kahA jAtA hai / isa nRtyakI pramukhataH do vizeSatAe~ haiM / prathama vizeSatA yaha hai ki yaha nRtya nAriyoM dvArA hI sampanna hotA hai tathA isameM zRMgArika bhAvoMkI pradhAnatA hotI hai / dUsarI vizeSatA yaha hai ki isakA sampAdana puruSakI bAhuoM para sthita hokara kiyA jAtA hai / bhAvoMkI sukumAra abhivyaJjanAko lAsya kahate haiM / zrAvaNa Adi mahInoMke dolAkrIr3A ke avasara para kiye jAnevAle kAminiyoMke madhura tathA sukumAra nRtya lAsya kahalAte haiM / mayUra - ke samAna komala nartana lAsya ke antargata hai / bahurUpiNI vidyA vaha kahalAtI hai, jisameM vyakti apanI aneka AkRtiyA~ banA le / kAminiyA~ nirmala muktAmaNi jaTita hAroMko pahanakara usa prakAra nRtya kareM, jisase unakI AkRtiyA~ usa hArake maNiyoMmeM pratibimbita hoM / aneka pratibimba par3aneke kAraNa hI isa nRtyako bahurUpiNI nRtya kahA jAtA hai / AdipurANa meM vAstavika nRtya usIko mAnA gayA hai, jisameM aMgoM ko vibhinna prakArakI ceSTAe~ sampanna hoM aura nRtya karanevAlA aneka rUpoMmeM apanI rasabhAvamayI mudrAoM kA pradarzana kare / spaSTa hai ki rasabhAva, anubhAva aura ceSTAe~ nRtya ke lie Avazyaka haiM / nRtya zRMgAra, zAnta aura vIrarasake bhAvoMkI abhivyakti ke lie sampanna kiyA jAtA thA / nRtya utsavoMke avasarapara gharameM aura sAdhAraNataH nATyazAlAoMmeM sampanna hote the / Adi tIrthakara RSabha - devako nRtya karatI huI nIlAJjanAke vilayanake kAraNa hI virakti utpanna huI thI / isa prakAra dvitIya jinasenane AdipurANameM gIta, vAdya aura nRtyakA ullekhakara jIvana bhogake lie saMgItakA mahattva pratipAdita kiyA hai / prathama jinasenane apane harivaMza purANake unnIsaveM sarga meM saMgIta vidyA kA sAGgopAGga citraNa kiyA hai / vasudeva zaurIpura se calakara vijayakheTa nagara meM pahu~ce aura vahA~ sugrIva nAmaka gandharvAcAryakI somA aura vijayasenA nAmakI putriyoMko saMgItazAstrameM parAjita kara vivAha kiyA / eka dina ve bhramaNa karate hue eka aTavImeM praviSTa hue, jahA~ jalAvartta nAmaka sarovara meM praviSTa ho jalataraMgakA vAdana kiyaa| batAyA hai jalaM murajanirghoSaM nizamya ravamuttasthau tatra samavAdayadunnataH / supto mahAgajaH // * arthAt jalAvarta sarovarakI jalataraMgoM kA vAdana murajake samAna kara madhura aura saMvedanotpAdaka dhvani utpanna kI hai / isa kathana se yaha saMketa prApta hotA hai ki vasudeva jalataraMgavAdya meM bhI nipuNa the / 9. vahI, 14 / 142; 3. vahI, 14 / 133 / 2. vahI, 14 / 144; 4. harivaMzapurANa 19 / 62;

Page #277
bhAratIya saMskRti vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna basudeva aMgAraka vidyAdharase chUTakara campApurameM praviSTa hue aura vahA~ cArudatta zreSThikI putrI gandharva senAko vINAvAdanameM parAjita kara saMgIta vidyAkA upadeza diyA / cAra prakArake vAdyoMkA nirUpaNa karate hue batalAyA ki tata, avanaddha, dhana aura suSira vAdya haiN| tAra dvArA bajAye jAnevAle vINA Adi vAdya tata; camar3e se mar3he mRdaGga Adi avanaddha, kAMse ke bane jhA~jha, majIrA Adi ghana evaM bA~surI Adi suSira kahalAte haiM " gandharvako utpatti meM vINA vaMza aura gAna ye tIna kAraNa haiM tathA svaragata tAlagata aura padagata ke bhedase vaha tIna prakArakA mAnA gayA hai / vaiNa aura zArIrake bhedase svara do prakAra ke haiM / 232 zruti, bRtti, svara, grAma, varNa, alaMkAra, mUrcchanA, dhAtu aura sAdhAraNa Adi vaiNasvara ke bheda mAne gaye haiM aura jAti, varNa, svara, grAma, sthAna, sAdhAraNa kriyA aura alaMkAra zarIra svarake bheda haiM / jAti, taddhita, chanda, sandhi, stara, vibhakti, subanta, tiDanta, upasarga tathA varNaM padagata gAndharva kI vidhi haiM / 2 avApa, niSkAma, vikSepa, pravezana, zamyAtAla, parAvarta, sannipAta, savastuka, mAtrA, avidArya, aMga, laya, gati, prakaraNa, yati, do prakArakI gIti, mArga, avayava, padabhAga aura pANi ye tAlagata gAndharva ke bAIsa prakAra haiM / isa prakAra vAdya sambandhI gAndharvakA prayoga kara vasudevane vINA bajAyI / prakArAntarase SaDja, RSabha, gAndhAra, madhyama, paJcama, dhaivata aura niSAda ye sAta prakArake svara batAye haiM / ina svaroMke prayoga ke anusAra bAbI, saMvAdI, vivAdI aura anuvAdI ye cAra prakAra haiM / madhyama grAma meM paJcama aura RSabha svarakA Sar3aja grAmameM, SaDja tathA paJcama svarakA saMvAda hotA hai / SaDja grAmake SaDja svarameM cAra, RSabhameM tIna, gAndhAra meM do, madhyama meM cAra, paMcama meM cAra, , dhaivatameM do aura niSAda meM tIna zrutiyA~ hotI haiM / madhyamagrAmake madhya svarameM cAra, gAndhArameM do, RSabhameM tIna, SaDjameM cAra, niSAdameM do, dhaivatameM tIna aura paJcamameM tIna zrutiyA~ hotI haiM / isa prakAra SaDja aura madhyama donoMgrAmoM meM bAIsa bAIsa zrutiyA~ hotI haiM / ukta donoM grAmoMko milakara 14 mUrcchanAeM bhI batalAyI gayI haiM / inameM SaDja grAma kI nimnalikhita mUrcchanAe~ haiM (1) uttarabhadrA (2) rajanI (3) uttarAyatA (4) zuddhaSaDjA ( 5 ) matsarIkRtA (6) azvakrAntA (7) abhirudgato / madhyamagrAmakI mUcrchanAoM meM (1) sauvIrI, (2) hariNAzvA (3) kalopanatA (4) zuddhamadhyamA ( 5 ) bhArgavI (6) pauravI aura ( 7 ) RSyakA haiM / SaDja svara meM uttaramandrA, riSabha, AdhirudgatA, gAndhArameM azvakrAntA, madhyamameM matsarIkRtA, paJcama meM zuddha SaDjA, dhaivatameM uttarAyatA aura niSAdameM rajanI mUrcchanA hotI hai / ye mUcrchanAe~ SaDja grAma sambandhinI haiN| madhyama grAmake madhyama, gAndhAra, riSabha, SaDja, niSAda, dhaivata aura paMcamaM svarameM kramase sauvIrIko Adi lekara vaSyakA taka sAta mUrcchanAeM hotI haiM / arthAt madhyamameM sauvIrI, gAndhArameM hariNAzvA, RSabha meM kalopanatA, SaDjameM zuddhamaSmamA; niSAdameM bhArgavI, dhaivatameM pauravI aura paMcamameM RSyakA mUrcchanA hotI hai / ina 14 mUcrchanAoMke SADava 9. vahI 19 / 142-143 2. vahI 19 / 147 - 149

Page #278
bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAe~ 233 aur3ava, sAdhAraNa aura kAkalIke bhedase cAra-cAra svara hote haiN| isa taraha inake 56 svara ho jAte haiM / jisakI utpatti chaha svaroM se hotI hai. use SAr3ava aura jisakI pAMca svaroMse utpatti hotI hai, use aur3ava kahate haiN| tAnoMke 84 prakAra batalAye haiM inameM pAMca svaroMse utpanna honevAlI 35 aura 6 svaroMse utpanna honevAlI 49 prakArako tAneM hotI haiM / grAma jAtiyoMkA varNana karate hue SaDja grAmase sambandha rakhanevAlI (1) SADjI (2) ArSabhI (3) dhaivatI (4) niSAdajA (5) suSaDjA (6) udIcyavA (7) SaDjakaizikI aura (8) SaDjamadhyamA ye ATha jAtiyAM haiM evaM nIce likhI ekAdaza jAtiyA~ madhyamagrAmake Azrita haiM-(1) gAndhArI (2) madhyamA (3) gAndhArodIcyavA (4) paJcamI (5) raktagAndhArI (6) raktapaJcamI (7) madhyamodIcyavA (8) nandayantI (9) karmAravI (10) AndhrI (11) kaishikii| donoM grAmoMkI milAkara unnIsa jAtiyA~ hotI haiM / ina jAtiyoM meM madhyamA, SaDjamadhyamA aura paJcamI ye tInoM jAtiyAM sAdhAraNa svaragata haiM / ina jAtiyoMke zuddha aura vikRta do bheda hote haiN| jo paraspara milakara nahIM huI haiM tathA pRthak-pRthaka lakSaNoMse yukta haiM ve zuddha kahalAtI haiM / so sAmAnya lakSaNoMse yukta haiM, ve vikRta kahalAtI haiM / vikRta jAtiyA~ donoM grAmoMkI jAtiyoMse milakara banatI haiM tathA donoMke svaroMse Apluta rahatI haiN| madhyamodIcyavA, SaDjakaizikI, karmAravI aura gAndhAra paJcamI ye cAra jAtiyAM sAta svara vAlI haiM / SaDjA, AndhrI, nandayantI aura gAndhArodIcyavA ye cAra jAtiyAM chaha svara vAlI haiM aura zeSa daza jAtiyA~ pA~ca svara vAlI haiN| naiSAdI, ArSabhI, dhaivatI, SaDjamadhyamA aura SaDjodIcyavatI ye pAMca jAtiyA~ SaDja grAmake Azrita haiM aura gAndhArI, raktA gAndharI, madhyamA, paJcamI tathA kaiziko ye pA~ca madhyama grAmake Azrita haiM / SaDja grAma meM sAta svara vAlI SaDjakaizikI jAti hotI hai aura gAnake yogase 6 svara vAlI bhI hotI hai / madhyama grAmameM sAta svara vAlI karmAravI, gAndhAra paJcamI aura madhyamodIcyavA hotI hai aura 6 svara vAlI gAndhArodIcyavA, AndhrI evaM nandayantI jAtiyAM hotI haiM / jahA~ chaha svara hote haiM, vahA~ SaDja, madhyama svara usakA saptAMza nahIM hotA hai aura saMvAdIkA lopa ho jAne se vahA~ gAndhAra svara vizeSatAko prApta nahIM hotA hai| isa prakAra svaroM kI jAtiyoMkA kathana vistAra pUrvaka AyA hai| tAra, mandra, nyAsa, upanyAsa, graha, aMza, alpatva, bahutva, SAr3ava aura aur3avitva ye daza jAtiyA~ batalAyI gayI haiM / rAga jisameM rahatA hai, rAga jisase pravRtta hotA hai, jo mandra athavA tAra mandra rUpa se adhika upalabdha hotA hai, jo graha, upanyAsa, vinyAsa, saMnyAsa aura nyAsa rUpa se adhika upalabdha hotA hai, tathA jo anuvRtti pAyI jAtI hai, vaha daza prakArakA aMza kahalAtA hai / saMcAra, aMza, balasthAna, durbala, svaroMkI alpatA aura nAnAprakArakA antaramArgameM jAtiyoMko prakaTa karane vAle haiM / isa prakAra jAti, aMza, graha, nyAsa AdikA vivecana AyA hai| kisa svarakA kauna svara ArohI kauna nyAsI hai kauna upanyAsI hai kA vistAra pUrvaka kathana AyA hai| isa prakAra vasudevane gandharva zAstrakA vivecana prastuta kiyA hai| tumburu, nArada, gandharva athavA kinnarake rUpameM aisA voNA vAdana prastuta kiyA, jise sunakara sabhI Azcarya cakita raha gaye aura gandharvasenAne apanA parAjaya svIkAra kiyaa|

Page #279
234 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaima vAGmayakA avadAna harivaMzapurANake 20veM sargameM ghoSA, mahAghoSA aura sughoSA ina tIna vINAoMkA ullekha milatA hai / gIta prastuta karane ke samaya vINA yA bA~surIkI saMgata Avazyaka mAnI jAtI thii| likhA hai anukarNa munestasya vINAvaMzAdivAdinaH / mRdugItAH sanArIkAH jagurgandharvapUrvakAH // isa prakAra harivaMzapurANameM saMgIta zAstrake sabhI pramukha tattva upalabdha hote haiN| raviSeNake padmapurANake 24 veM parvameM kaikayIke zikSA varNana sandarbha meM saMgIta zAstrake tattvoMkA kathana AyA hai| isameM nRtyake tIna pramukha bheda kiye haiN| aGgahArASaya, abhinayAmaya aura vyAyAmika / saMgItako abhivyakti, kaNTha, sira aura urasthalase batAyI hai| sapta svaroMko druta, madhya aura vilamvita ina tIna layoMse sahita tathA asra tathA catusra ina tAlakI do yoniyoMse sahita batAyA hai| sthAyI, saMcArI, ArohI aura avarohI ye cAra prakArake pada batalAye haiM / dhaivatI, ArSabhI, SaDjaSar3ajA, udIcyA, niSAdinI; gAndhArI, SaDjakaikazI aura SaDjamadhyamA ye ATha jAtiyAM batAyI haiN| prakArAntarase gAndhArodIcyA, madhyama paJcamI, gAndhAra paJcamI, raktagAndhArI, madhyamA, AndhrI, madhyamodIcyA, karmAravI, nandinI aura kaizikI ye daza jAtiyA~ haiM / saMgItameM ATha yA 10 jAtiyAM aura teraha prakArake alaMkAra Avazyaka mAne haiM / prasannAdi, prasannAnta, madhya prasAda aura prasannAdyavasAna ye cAra sthAyI padake alaMkAra haiM / nirvRtta, prasthita, bindu, prekholita, tAra, mandra aura prasanna ye chaha saMcAro padake alaGkAra haiN| ArohI padakA prasannAdi nAmakA eka hI alaMkAra hai aura avarohI padake prasannAnta tathA kohara ye do alaMkAra haiM / vAdyoMke tata, avanaddha, suSira aura ghana ye cAra bheda batalAye haiM / zRGgAra, hAsya, karuNa, vIra, adbhuta, bhayAnaka, rodra, bIbhatsa aura zAnta ina 9 rasoMkA saMcAra gIta aura vAdya karate the| isa prakAra kaikeyIkI kalAbhoMke zikSaNameM saMgIta zAstrake siddhAntoMkA pUrNataH samAveza huA hai / sAmAnyataH bhakti aura utsavoMke avasaroMpara saMgItako yojanA padmapurANameM sarvatra upalabdha hotI hai| kathAkoSa aura anya carita granthoM meM bhI gIta, vAdya, aura nRtyake sambandhameM ullekha prApta hote haiN| ina ullekhoMse jJAta hotA hai ki saMgItakA pracAra kevala sambhrAnta vargameM hI nahIM thA, kintu janasAmAnyameM bhI saMgItakI ora abhiruci vidyamAna thii| Adi purANameM pratipAdita saMgIta goSThiyA~ isa bAtakI sUcaka haiM ki ina goSThiyoMmeM rAjasabhAoMke vyaktiyoMke atirikta janasAmAnya bhI bhAga lete the| gaNikAeM aura vArAGganAeM nRtya evaM saMgotameM vizeSa pravINa hotI thiiN| AdipurANa, harivaMzapurANa aura padmapurANa ina tInoMmeM maMgala gItoMke gAnekA nirdeza AyA hai| isa nirdezase yaha anumAna lagAnA sahaja hai ki maMgala gItoMkA pracAra janasAmAnyameM bhI thaa| jisa prakAra Aja kRSi yA utsavoMke vibhinna avasaroMpara lokagIta gAye jAte haiM, usI prakAra 8vIM 9vIM zatAbdI meM maMgala gIta gAnekI prathA pracalita thI / padmapurANameM batAyA hai 1. harivaMza purANa, 20vA sarga, padya 55

Page #280
bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAe~ 235 235 tato maGgalagItena pramadAnAM nabhastalam / tUryanAdasya vicchede zabdAtmakamivAbhavat // mRdaGganisvanaM kAciccakre karatalAhatam / kurvANA salilaM mandaM gAyatrI SaTpadaiH samam / / padmapurANake navama parva meM rAvaNake sambandhameM batAyA hai ki vaha bhagavAnkI bhAvabhakti meM itanA lIna ho gayA ki usane apane bhujAkI nAr3IrUpI tantrI khIMcakara vINA bajAyI aura saikar3oM stutiyoMke dvArA jinarAjakA guNagAna kiyA / vaha gA rahA thA ki nAtha, Apa devoMke deva ho, loka aura alokako dekhanevAle ho / Apane apane tejase samasta lokako atikrAnta kara diyA hai| Apa kRtakRtya haiM, mahAtmA haiN| tInoM loka ApakI pUjA karate haiM / Apane moharUpI mahAzatruko naSTa kara diyA hai| Apa vacanAgocara guNoMke samUhako dhAraNa karanevAle haiM / isa prakAra bhakti vibhora gAte hue rAvaNase dharaNendra AkRSTa huA aura usake gItakI prazaMsA karane lagA-- jagAda rAvaNaM sAdho sAdhu gItamidaM tvayA / jinendrastutisambaddhaM romaharSaNakAraNam // saMskRta kAvyoMmeM saMgIta tattva ___ jaina kaviyoMmeM jIvanake saundarya aura bhogapakSakI avahelanA nahIM kI gayI hai| inameM kalA aura kAvyakA sundara samanvaya dikhalAyA gayA hai| saMgIta aura kAvyakA mukhya uddezya manoraMjanake sAtha jJAna prApta karanA hai| saMskRtake sabhI jainakAvyoMmeM AyA hai ki manoraMjanake vibhinna avasaroMpara gAyana-vAdanakA Ayojana kiyA jAtA thaa| mantra aura zloka sura-tAla aura layake yogase uccarita honepara saMgItakA sRjana karate haiN| zruti, svara, vAdya, grAma, mUrcchanA, tAna, rAga-rAginiyoMkA viniyoga, nartana Adi saMgItake siddhAnta upalabdha hote haiM / rAga, tAla, nRtya, bhAva evaM hasta Adike vividha saMketa bhI kAvyoMmeM upalabdha hote haiM / saMgItake pramukha tInoM aGgoMkA hI paryApta vivecana milatA hai / vAdya saMgItake prasaMgameM aneka prakArake vAdyoMkA nAma nirdeza milatA hai| kavi vardhamAnane apane varAMgacaritameM likhA hai-- bherImRdaGgakaMsAlakAhalAzaGkhaveNavaH / DhakkApaNavatUryANi zRGgANi ptthaadyH|| varAMgacarita, 85101 mRdnggkaahlaabheriitaalshngkhrvairmii| meghagambhIranirghoSAnnirAkurvanti sarvadA // varAMgacarita, 11 / 62 arthAt bherI, mRdaMga, kaMsAla, kAhalA, zaMkha, veNu, DhakkA, paNava, tUrya, zRGga, paTaha, tAla-tAMsA Adi vAdya haiM / ina vAdyoM ko manorama dhvani zrotAoM ko vihvala kara detI hai| 1. harivaMza purANa, 8 / 20,98 2. padmapurANa, 9 / 196

Page #281
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna vAdya dhvani kA prayoga aneka prakAra se hotA thA / maMgala avasaroM para vAdya dhvani hotI thI, jisase harSa aura AnandakA saMcAra kiyA jAtA thA / yuddhake avasarapara kI jAne vAlI air soft sainikoM meM vIratAkA saMcAra karatI thI / hammIra kAvyameM batAyA gayA hai ki gorIne' vAdya bajAne vAloM ko ghUsa dekara viparIta vAdya bajAne ko kahA / isa viparIta dhvaniko sunakara hammIra deva ghor3e nRtya karane lage / vIratAkI apekSA unameM zRMgAra aura lalita rasakA saMcAra ho gayA thaa| 2 236 pArzvanAtha carita meM vAdirAjane vallakI, paTaha, ullekha kiyA hai | mahAkavi asagane apane vardhamAna caritameM hai / isa donoM vAdyoM kA prayoga prAtaHkAla athavA maMgalotsava ke avasara para ho hotA thA / 5 veNu, " vINA kI madhura dhvaniyoMkA tUrya aura zaMkhako maMgala vAdya kahA dharmazarmAbhyudaya' meM batAyA gayA hai ki mRdaMga aura jhallarIkI maMgala dhvanike bIca dharmanAtha kA abhiSeka sampanna huA / saMgItta prArambha honeke pUrva mRdaMga dhvanikA honA Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai / vAdya vAdya-samUha ke artha meM prayukta huA hai| isakI gaNanA prAtaHkAlIna maMgala sUcaka vAdyoM meM kI gayI / bandIjana, zayana gRhake dvArapara sthita hokara tUrya vAdya dvArA madhura saMgItase rAjAoM kI nidrAko dUra karate the / jayazekharasUrine jainakumArasambhava [ 7 / 72 ] meM vINAkA ullekha kiyA hai / isa kAvya ke saMskRta TIkAkAra dharmazekharane nakuloSThI, kinnarI, zatatantrI, jayA, hastikA, kubjikA, kacchapI, ghoSavatI, sAraMgI, udumbarI, tisarI, DhibarI, parivAdinI aura AlAviNI-ina caudaha prakArakI vINAoMkA nAma nirdeza kiyA hai| vINAoMke isa nirdeza se yaha dhvanita hotA hai ki prAcIna bhArata meM vINA vAdya pramukha thA / mahAkavi haricandra, vIranandi, dhanaJjaya Adike ullekhoMse bhI yaha spaSTa hai ki vINA vAdana dvArA vibhinna prakArake svaroM kI laharoMse rAga-rAginiyA~ utpanna kI jAtI thIM / tAnapUrA aura sitAra inhIM vINA-bhedoM ke antargata samAviSTa the / dharmazekharane vINAke vibhinna aMgoMkA bhI kathana kiyA hai / tumbA, tabalI, ghuraca, kIla, DA~Da, gula, aTI, khUMTiyA~, zirA, manakA, tAra AdikA bhI kathana AyA hai / gAnevAlI strIko sAdhita svara guNavAlI kahA gayA hai| TIkAkArane sAdhita svara guNa kI vyAkhyA karate hue sAta svara, tona grAma, 21 mUrcchanA aura 49 tAnakA gItameM rahanA mAdhurya sUcaka mAnA hai / susvarA, sutAla, supada, zuddha, lalita, subaddha, suprameya, surAga, suramya, sama, sadartha, sugraha, hRSTa, sukAvya, suyamaka, surakta, sampUrNa, sAlaMkAra, subhASA, bhavya, susandhi, vyutpanna, gambhIra, sphuTa, suprabha, agrAmya, kuMcita kampita, samAyAta, oja, prasanna, sthira, sukha sthAnaka, hRta, madhya, vilambita, druta bilambita, gurutva, prAJjalatva aura ukta pramANa ye 36 gIta guNa batalAye haiM / 1. hammIra kAvya - nayacandra, 3 / 54, 3. vAdirAja kavi, pArzvanAtha carita, 9 / 84, 5. vahI, 11 / 33, 7. vardhamAna carita, 6 |37| 9. vahI, 176, 2. vahI, 3 / 59-60 4. vahI 10 69, 6. vahI, 11 / 33 8. dharmazarmAbhyudaya - 8 45, 10 candraprabhacarita 10 / 62

Page #282
bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAe~ 2 37 padmAnanda kAvyameM saptasvaroMkA bahuta sundara nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| batAyA hai ki mayUrakI dhvani ke samAna SaDja svara, bakarIkI dhvanike samAna komala gAndhArara 1 gAna, krauMcapakSI hot saf samAna madhyama svara, vasantake samaya kokilAke gAnake samAna paMcama svara, ghor3eke hIMsane kI dhvanike samAna manorama dhaivata" svara, hathinIko kAma-vihnala karaneke samaya hAthI dvArA kI jAne vAlI manorama ciMghAr3e dhvanike samAna niSAda svara aura gAya yA vRSabhakI DakArake samAna RSabha svara hotA hai / ina sapta svaroMkA Aroha-avaroha manorama aura madhura saMgItakA sRjana karatA hai / isI kAvyameM batAyA hai ki vINAdi vAdyoM se tata dhvani, tAlAdise ghana dhvani, vaMzAdise suSira dhvani aura mUrjAdikase Ananda dhvani utpanna hotI hai / gItake niyamoM kA varNana karate hue padmAnanda kAvyake lekhaka amaracandrane batAyA hai ki gIta AdimeM nakAra, madhya meM ghakAra aura antameM hakArakA niSedha hai / AdimeM nakArake rahanese gAyaka aura zrotAkA sarvasva naSTa ho jAtA hai / madhyameM ghakArakA prayoga rahanese ghAta hotA hai aura anta meM hakArake rahanese lakSmIkA vinAza hotA haiM / likhA hai udgAnAdau nakAro na madhye dhakAra eva ca / ante hakAro nAkAryastrayo gItasya vairiNaH // gAne ke samaya ekAgracitta honA Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| kaNThakA komala honA evaM mUrcchanA ke samaya dRSTikA saMkocana aura galemeM loca rahanA mAdhurya guNakA abhivyaMjaka hai / vAdya aura nRtyake saMyogakA citraNa aneka sthaloMpara AyA hai| mahAkavi dhanaJjayane likhA hai - " maMgalake lie bajAye gaye paTaha Adi vAdya jora-jora se bajane lage / vezyAoMke jhuNDake jhuNDa rAjamahalapara Akara nRtya karane lage / nRtyoMke AcArya naTa, gAyanAcArya tathA abhinayAcAryoMke kuzala vaMzadhara Akara maMgala pATha kara rahe the / " spaSTa hai ki vAdya pUrvaka nRtya sampanna hotA thA / vAdyoMkI dhvani ke AdhArapara hI pada dhvanikA saMcAlana kiyA jAtA thA / vAdirAjane gIta, nRtya aura vAdyakA ullekha karate hue batalAyA hai - " gopiyA~ sundara veNuoMke zabdoMse pratidhvanita komala madhura gIta gAne lagIM aura harSa vibhora hokara nRtya karane lagIM / " hammIra kAvyameM dhArA devIke mayUra nRtyakA varNana AyA hai / vardhamAna caritameM alasAyI huI vadhuoMke nRtyakA nirdeza hai / padmAnanda kAvya meM hallIsaka-- helayA lakSyate nRtyate'sminniti hallIsakaM--strINAM maNDalena nRtyam--arthAt striyA~ maNDalAkAra rUpameM jo nRtya karatI haiM, kA kathana kiyA hai| lAsya nRtyakA kathana bhI isI padya meM hai / gAte hue nRtya karanekA nirdeza jaina kumArasambhavameM AyA haiM-- 10 2. vahI 8 / 61, 4. vahI 8 / 63 1. padmAnanda 87, 3. vahI 862, 5. vahI 8 / 64, 7. vahI 8 / 66 9. pArzvanAtha carita 4 / 134- 135 10. padmAnanda - 9 / 102 6. vahI, 8 / 65, 8. dvisandhAnakAvya, 4 / 22 tathA 4 / 24

Page #283
238 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna suzrutAkSarapathAnusAriNI jJAtasaMmatakRtAGgikakriyA / AtmakarmakalanApaTurjagau kApi nityaniratA svamArhatam / / pradyumna caritameM mahAsenane "nRtyapragItairurujayaninadairvazavINAmRdaMgaH" (pradyumna crit-14|| 47) meM saMgIta aura vAdya pUrvaka nRtya karanekA ullekha kiyA hai| maunarUpameM bhAvoMkA pradarzana karaneke lie vAdya dhvanike sAtha bhI nRtya kiyA jAtA thaa| yazodhara caritameM vAdirAjane mauna nRtya aura gIta nRtya ina donoMkA pRthaka ullekha kiyA hai / manohara gIta dhvani pUrvaka sarasa nRtya kiye jAneko gIta natya aura aMgAbhinayako pradarzita karate hue bhAvAvalIkA prakaTIkaraNa mauna nRtya hai / vAdya dhvani kA prayoga donoM hI prakArake nRtyoMmeM kiyA jAtA hai / kSatracUDAmaNi aura gadhacintAmaNi-ina donoM hI kAvyoMke tRtIya lambameM vINA svayaMvarakA ullekha AyA hai / batAyA hai ki rAjapurI nagarIkA zrIdatta seTha jahAjI ber3A lekara vyApArake lie gyaa| vaha sAmAna lekara lauTa rahA thA ki usakA jahAja samudrameM DUbane lgaa| use vahA~ eka stUpa milA jahA~ eka vyakti chipA huA thaa| usane kahA-"yaha gAndhAra deza hai / yahA~ kI nityAlokA nagarImeM garur3a vega vidyAdhara rAjA rahatA hai| isako putrI gandharvadattA hai / janmake samaya jyotiSiyoMne bhaviSyavANI kI hai ki rAjapurI nagarImeM jo ise vINAvAdanameM parAjita karegA vahI isakA pati hogA / ApakA jahAja DUbA nahIM hai / Apako yaha bhrama huA hai / Apa gandharvadattAko apane jahAjameM baiThAkara rAjapurI le caliye" / garur3avega vidyAdhara rAjAke anurodhase zrIdattane gandharvadattAko apane jahAjameM baiThAkara rAjapurImeM le AyA / yahA~ kASThAMgArakI svIkRtase svayaMvarakI yojanA kI gayI jisameM vINAvAdanakI zarta rakhI gayI / jo rAjakumAra gandharvadattAko vINAvAdanameM parAjita kara degA usIke gale meM vaha varamAlA DAlegI aura usIke sAtha gandharvadattAkA vivAha hogA / deza-videzake aneka rAjakumAra isa svayaMvarameM sammilita hue, para sabhI gandharvadattA dvArA parAjita kiye gaye / anta meM jIvandhara kumArane apanI ghoSavatI vINA bajAyI aura gandharvadattAko parAjita kara usake sAtha vivAha kiyA / gadya cintAmaNimeM likhA hai-'tena ca zravaNasubhagagItigarbhamudbhUtarAgamanugatagrAmaM vAdayatA vallakoM vijigye vidyAdhararAjatanayA / " jaina saMskRta kAvyoMmeM grAmya gItoMkA bhI nirdeza AyA hai| prAyaH sabhI kAvyoMmeM kRSi kI rakSA karatI huI gopAMganAeM madhura svarase gIta gAtI haiM / inake gItoMkA zravaNa karaneke lie pathika rAstA calanA chor3akara gota sunate rahate haiM / kRSaka bAlAoMkI komala kaNTha dhvani sunakara sUrya aura candrake vimAna bhI ruka jAte haiM / unako svaratantrI itanI madhura aura layapUrNa hotI hai jisase gIta sunanemeM paramAnandako prApti hotI hai / rAga janamAnasako asIma Anandase bhara detA hai| vastukA saundarya gota aura vAdyoMke mAdhyamase alaukika AnandakA sRjana karatA hai / bholI kRSaka aMganAe~ bhI saMgItako saprANa banAneke lie saundaryako bhAvakA mUla kAraNa batAyA hai| unake saMgItameM hRdayako sparza karane tathA hRdtantriyoMko jhaMkRta karanekI apUrva 2. jaina kumaarsmbhv-10|61

Page #284
bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAeM 239 kSamatA rahatI hai| gIta prabandhoMkA pracAra bhI ina kAvyoMke samayameM thaa| isa prakAra saMskRta bhASAke jainakAvyoMmeM saMgItake pramukha tattva svara, svarake tIvra tathA komala bheda, zuddha aura vikRta bheda, uttarI aura dakSiNI svara paddhatiyAM, zrutisvara, rAgake tIvra, manda aura tIvratA bheda, svara saptakoMke vibhinna saptaka Adi pAye jAte haiN| prAkRta aura apabhraMza kAvyoMmeM saMgItake siddhAnta prAkRta sAhityameM sarvaprathama hama jaina AgamoMko lete haiM / sthAnAGga sUtrameM saptasaMkhyAkA vizleSaNa karate hue SaDja, RSabha, gAndhAra Adi sAta svaroMkA evaM rAgoMkA kathana AyA hai| aGgabAhya Agamake rAjapaseNIya sUtrameM saMgItakA viziSTa varNana AyA hai / 59veM sUtrase lekara 85veM sUtra taka saMgItake tattva varNita haiM / vAdyoMmeM zaMkha,ga, zRGkhikA, kharamuhI (kAhalA) peyA (mahatI kAhalA) piripirikA (kolikamukhAvanadya mukhavAdya) paNava (laghupaTaha), paTaha, bhaMbhA (DhakkA) horambhA (mahADhakkA) bherI (DhakkAkRtivAdya) jhallarI (khajarI) dundubhi, muraja, mRdaMga, nandImRdaGga (ekataH saMkIrNaH anyatra vistRto murajavizeSaH) AliGga (gopucchAkRtimRdaMga kustuMba, gomukhI, maradala, voNA, vipaJcI (tritantrIvoNA) vallakI, mahatI, kacchapI, citravINA, baddIsa, sughoSA, nandIghoSA, bhrAmarI, SaDbhrAmarI, baravAdinI (saptatantrovINA) tUNA (tumbayuktavINA) Amoda, jhaMjhA, nakula, mukunda (murajavAdyavizeSa), huDukkA, vicikkI, karaTA, DiNDima, kiNita, kaDamba, daradara, daradarikA, kalazikA, mahuyA, tala, tAla, kAMsyatAla, riMgisikA, lattiyA, magarikA, zizumArthikA, vaMza, veNu, bAli (tUNavizeSa) parilo aura baddhakaka nAma Aye haiN| nATya vidhiyoMmeM 32 prakArako nATya vidhiyAM batalAyI haiN| ina vidhiyoMmeM gIta aura nRtya donoMkA upayoga kiyA jAtA thaa| 1. svastika, zrIvatsa, nandyAvartta, baddha mAnaka, bhadrAsana, kalaza, matsya aura darpaNake divya abhiny| 2. Avarta, pratyAvarta, zreNI, prazreNI, svastika, sauvastika, puSyamAnava, varddha mAnaka, matsyANDaka, makarANDaka, jAra, mAra, puSpAvali, padmapatra, sAgarataraMga, vasantalatA aura padmalatAke citrakA abhinaya / 3. IhAmRga, vRSabha, azva, nara, magara, pakSI, sarpa, kinnara, ruru, zarabha, camara, kuJjara vanalatA aura padmalatAke citrakA abhinaya / 4. ekatovakra, dvidhAvakra, ekatazcakravAla, dvidhAcakravAla, cakrAdha, cakravAla AdikA abhinaya / 5. candrAvalikA prabhibhakti, sUryAvalikAprabhibhakti, haMsAvalikAprabhibhakti, ekAvalikAprabhibhakti, tArAvalikA prabhibhakti, muktAvalikAprabhibhakti, kanakAvalikAprabhibhakti aura ratnAvalikAprabhibhakti / 1. gadya cintAmaNi, bhAratIya jJAnapITha saMskaraNa, pRSTha-180

Page #285
240 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna 6. candrodgamana darzana aura sUryodgamanadarzanakA abhinaya / 7. candrAgama darzana aura sUryAgama darzanakA abhinaya / 8. candrAvaraNa darzana aura sUryAvaraNa darzanakA abhinaya / 9. candrAstadarzana aura sUryAstadarzanakA abhinaya / 10. candramaNDala, sUryamaNDala, nAgamaNDala, yakSamaNDala, bhUtamaNDala, rAkSasamaNDala bora gandharvamaNDalake bhAvoMkA abhinaya / 11. druta, vilambita abhinaya isameM vRSabha aura siMha tathA azva aura gajakI lalita gatiyoMkA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai / 12. sAgara aura nAgarake AkAroMkA abhinaya / 13. nandA aura campAkA abhinaya / 14. matsyANDa, makarANDa, jAra aura mArakI AkRtiyoMkA abhinaya / 15. kavargakI AkRtiyoMkA abhinaya / 16. cavargakI AkRtiyoMkA abhinaya / 17. TavargakI AkRtiyoMkA abhinaya / 18 tavargakI AkRtiyoMkA abhinaya / 19. pavargakI AkRtiyoMkA abhinaya / 20. azoka, Amra, jambU, kozambake pallavoMkA abhinaya / 21. padmanAga, azoka, campaka, Amra, vana, vAsantI, kunda, atimuktaka aura zyAmalatAkA abhinaya / 22. drutanATya / 23. vilambita nATya / 24. drutavilambita nATya / 25. aJcita / 26. ribhit| 27. aJciribhita / 28. ArabhaTTa / 29. bhasola (bhramaranAThya) 30. ArabhaTTabhasola / 31. utpAta, nipAta, saMkucita, prasArita, recaka, recita, bhrAnta aura sambhrAnta kriyAoMse sambandhita abhinaya / 32. tIrthakarake paJcakalyANakoMkA abhinaya / isI granthameM utkSipta, pAdAnta, manda aura reSita gItake bheda bhI bhAye hai / ina gItoMkA gAyana saptasvara, aSTarasayukta, chahadoSa rahita aura ATha guNa sahita kiyA jAtA thaa| vAdyoMke aneka ullekha, kalpabhASya, bhagavatIsUtra, jIvAbhigamasUtra, jambUhIpaprajJapti, bhanuyoga dvArasUtra aura nirNaya sUtrameM Aye haiM / saMgItake siddhAntoMko avagata karaneke liye anuyogadvArasUtra vizeSa upayogI hai| batAyA hai

Page #286
bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAe~ sajje risahe gaMdhAre, majjhime paMcame sare / dhevae ceva nesAe, sarA satta viAhiyA // eesi NaM sattaNhaM sarANaM satta saraTThANA parANattA, taM jahA sajjaM ca aggajIhAe, ureNa risahaM saraM / kaMThuggaeNa gaMdhAraM, majjhajIhAe majjhimaM // nAsAe paMcamaM bUA, daMtoTTeNa a ghevataM / bhamuhakkheveNa sAyaM, saraTThANA vi AhiA // sattasarA jIvaNissiA paNNattA, taM jahA sajjaM ravai maUro, kukkuDo risabhaM saraM / haMso ravai gaMdhAraM, majjhimaM ca gavelagA // aha kusuma-saMbhave kAle, koilA paMcamaM saraM / chaTThe ca sArasA kuMcA, nesAyaM sattamaM gao // sattasarA ajIvaNissa paNNattA, ' 241 arthAt SaDjasvarakA uccAraNa agra jihvAse hotA hai / urase RSabha, kaNThase gAndhAra, madhyama jihvA se madhyama, nAkate paJcama, dantoSThase dhaivata aura bhrUvikSepase niSAda svara nika hai| mayUrakI dhvanike samAna SaDja, murgAkI dhvanike samAna RSabha, haMsakI dhvanike samAna gAndhAra, meSakI dhvani ke samAna madhyama, vasanta RtumeM bolanevAlI kokilA ke samAna paJcama, sArasako dhvanike samAna dhaivata aura gaja dhvanike samAna niSAda svara hotA hai / are safayoMse nikalane vAle svaroMkA varNana karate hue likhA hai- mRdaGga dhvanise SaDja, gomukhI vAdyase RSabha, zaMkhase gAndhAra, jhAlara se madhyama, godhikA nAmaka vAdya vizeSase paJcama svara, ADambara nAmaka vAdyase dhaivata aura mahAbherIse niSAda svara tulyatA rakhatA hai / gIta, vAdya aura svaroMkI vizeSatAoMkA varNana karate hue batAyA hai ki SaDja svarase gAyana Arambha karanepara zrotAoMko vizeSa ruci hotI hai aura isa svarake gAne meM nAriyA~ pravINa hotI haiM / RSabha svarase gAyana Arambha karanepara yaza, kIrti prApta hotI hai / gAndhAra svarase gIta Arambha karanepara vidyAoM aura kalAoMkI prApti hotI hai / madhyama svarase gIta Arambha karanepara sukhazAMti, paJcama svarase gIta Arambha karanepara bhI AnandakI prApti hotI hai / dhaivata aura niSAda gIta Arambha karanemeM tyAjya haiM / sapta svaroMke tIna grAma batalAye gaye haiM- SaDja grAma, madhyama grAma aura gAndhAra grAma / SaDja grAmakI sAta mUrcchanAe~ bhI batalAyI haiM aura unake nAma bhI diye haiM / madhyama grAmakI bhI sAta mUrcchanAe~ haiM aura gAndhAra grAmakI bhI sAta mUrcchanAe~ batayI haiM / isa prakAra 21 mUrcchanAoMkA nAma nirdeza AyA hai / 1. anuyogadvAra sUtra, vyAvara saMskaraNa, sUtra 127 // 31

Page #287
242 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna ___ isake anantara batAyA hai ki gotako yoni kyA hai ? kitane uzvAsa hote haiM aura gItameM kitane AgAra haiM tathA sapta svaroMkA sthAna kyA hai ? gItake guNa aura doSa bhI batalAye gaye haiM / chaha doSoM aura ATha guNoMkA kathana karate hue likhA hai bhIyaM duaM uppicchaM, uttAlaM ca kamaso muNeavvaM / kagassara maNuNAsaM chaddosA hoMti geassa // puNNaM rattaM ca alaMki, ca vattaM ca tahevamavighuTuM / mahuraM samaM sulaliaM aTThaguNA hoti geassa' // bhIta, druta, utkSipta, uttAla, kAka svara aura citta caJcalatA ye chaha doSa gItake haiM / pUrNa, rakta, alaMkRta, vRtta, avadhuTTita, madhura, sama aura sulalita ye ATha guNa gIta ke haiN| __ura, kaNTha, sira, vizuddha, mRdu, ribhita, padabaddha, samatAla dvArA vAdya dhvanikA kSepaNa isa prakAra saptasvara rasabharita gIta hotA hai| akSarasama, padasama, tAlasama, layasama, geya, gehasama, uzvAsa-niHzvAsa sama aura saMcAra sama ye sAta svara bhI gItake batalAye gaye haiM / nirdoSa, sArayukta, hetuyukta, alaMkRta, upanIti, sopakAra, mRdu, madhura aura madhura ye guNa bhI gIta meM rahane cAhiye / isI sUtrake vivecanameM saMgItake tattvoMkA upasaMhAra karate hue likhA hai satta sarA tao gAmA, mucchaNA ikkavIsai / tANA egaNapaNNAsaM, sammattaM saramaMDalaM // arthAt saptasvara, tIna grAma, 21 mUcchanAe~ aura 49 tAna svara maMDalameM hotI haiM / isa prakAra Agama sUtroMmeM saMgItake siddhAnta nibaddha milate haiM / Agamottara sAhityameM vasudevahiNDI, paumacariyaM, samarAiccakahA, kuvalayamAlA Adi granthoMmeM bhI saMgItake siddhAnta nihita haiM / vasudevahiNDomeM vasudeva, yazobhadrA, gandharvasenA Adike AkhyAnoMmeM gIta, vAdya aura nRtyakA kathana AyA hai| AkhyAnoMko prabhAvotpAdaka banAneke lie nRtya, abhinaya, gIta AdikI paryApta yojanA kI gayI hai| vasudevahiNDIke AkhyAnoMse yaha spaSTa hai ki gIta, vAdya, nRtya, udaka vAdya, vINA, DamarU AdikI zikSA kanyAoMko dI jAtI thI / vINA, vaMzI, dundubhI, paTaha Adi vAdyoMkA vizeSa pracAra thaa| ___'paumacariyaM meM kaikeyIkI zikSAke antargata nATya aura saMgItako vizeSa sthAna diyA hai| likhA hai narse salakkhaNaguNaM, gandhavvaM saravihattisaMjuttaM / jANai AharaNavihI, cauvvihaM ceva savisesaM / / 1. anuyogadvAra, vyAvara saMskaraNa, sUtra 127 2. vahI, sUtra 127 3. paumacariyaM, prAkRta TeksTa sosAiTI sIrIja, vArANasI, DA0 eca0 jaikobI dvArA sampA. dita san 1962 I0 pRSTha-213 padya saMkhyA-5 /

Page #288
bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAe~ isake atirikta aneka sthAnoMpara gIta, vAdya, nRtyakA varNana AyA hai| batAyA hai ki jo jinamaMdirameM gIta-vAdya evaM nRtyase mahotsava karatA hai, vaha deva hokara uttama vimAnameM vAsa karatA huA parama utsava prApta karatA hai / yathA gandhavva-tUra-naTUM, jo kuNai mahassavaM jiNAyayaNe / so varavimANavAse, pAvai paramussavaM devo' / 'samarAiccakahA' meM bahattara kalAoMkA nirdeza AyA hai aura batAyA hai ki nRtya, gIta, vAditra, puSkaraMgata aura samatAla-ye saMgItake antargata the| utsavoM aura tyauhAroMke avasara para rAjA, mahArAjA, seTha, sAmantake atirikta sAdhAraNa janatA bhI gIta nRtyakA Ananda letI thI / loga apanI-apanI ToliyAM banAkara gAte-nAcate aura Ananda manAte the / isa graMthameM vAdya, nATya, geya aura abhinaya-ye saMgItake cAra bheda batalAe gae haiN| guNasena apane sAthiyoMkI TolI dvArA gAyana vAdana karatA huA agnizarmAko cir3hAtA hai| samarAicca kahAkI kathAkA Arambha hI saMgItase hotA hai aura antima bhavakI kathAmeM samarAdityako saMsArakI ora unmukha banAneke lie unake mitra saMgIta goSThiyoMkI yojanA karate haiM / jina goSThiyoMmeM vINA-vAdana abhinaya evaM gIta goSThI vizeSa rUpase Ayojita kI jAtI hai| vAdyoMmeM paTaha, mRdaMga, vaMza, kAMsyaka. tantrI, vINA, dundubhI, tUrya Adi pradhAna haiM / vivAha, janmotsava, sAmAjika utsava Adi avasaroMpara saMgItakI yojanA kI jAtI thI / prAkRtake sabhI kathA graMthoM meM gIta vAdya aura nRtyakA ullekha AtA hai / apabhraMza sAhitya jIvanta hai| isameM samAjakA jaisA sajIva citraNa AyA hai vaisA anyatra milanA kaThina hai / puSpadanta, vIra, padmakIrti, dhanapAla Adi sabhI kaviyoMne gIta vAdya aura nRtyakA ullekha kiyA hai| pAsaNAhacariumeM padmakIrtine likhA hai mahANaMdi NaM NaMdi ghosaM sughosaM jhajhavaM jhijhIvaM raNaMtaM ThaNaMTaM / varaM sundaraM sundaraMgaM varaMga pasatthaM mahatthaM visAlaM kraalN| hayATaTTarI maddala tAla kaMsAla upphAla kolAhalo tAbilaM / kAhali bheri bhaMbheri bhaMbhAravaM bhAsurA viinn-vNsaa-muddhuNgaaro| sUsaro saMkha-saddo huDukkA karAphAliyA jhallarI ruMja sddaalo| bahu-viha-tUra-visesahiM maMgala-ghosahi paDibohiya ganbhesari / uTThiya thiya sIhAsaNi pavara-suvAsiNi vammadevi paramesari // isa kAvya granthameM vibhinna vAdyoMke sAtha abhinaya aura gItoMkA bhI kathana AyA hai / pArzvanAthake janmAbhiSekake avasarapara devoMne jo saMgIta prastuta kiyA hai vaha AjakI saMgIta goSThiyoMse adhika mahattvapUrNa hai / vibhinna vAdaka gAyakoMkI saMgati karate haiM aura unake svarake anusAra vAdyoMkA svara prastuta karate haiM 1. vahI, pRSTha-260, padya saMkhyA-84 / 2. pAsaNAhacariu, prAkRta TeksTa sosAiTI sIrIja, vArANasI san 1965 I0, pro0 praphulla kumAra modI dvArA sampAdita, pR0-62, saMdhi 8-7 /

Page #289
244 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna tahi kAli viviha haya pavaratUra, bhaviyA yaNa-jaNa-maNa- Asa -pUra | kehimi AUriyadhavala saMkha, paDu paDaha ghaMTa hayataha asaMkha / kehimi apphAliya mahura- sadda, dadurau bheri kAhala bhaucha / kehiMmi uvveliu bharaha* satthu Nava rasahiM aTTha-bhAvahiM mahatthu / kehimi AlAviu vINa-vAu, ADhattu geu sUsaru sasau / kehimi ugghosiu caupayAru, maMgalu pavittu tailoya -sAru / kehi mikiya satthiyavaracaukka, bahukusuma-dAma-gayaNa-yala-mukka / kehimi surehiM Alavivi geu, Nacciu asesu jammAhiseu' / ar kavi vIratA vRddhi karane vAle vAdya aura gIta dhvanikA sundara citraNa kiyA hai / yuddha vAdyoM ko sunakara kAyara vyakti bhI zUravIra ho jAte the aura unake hRdayameM bhI vIratAkI lahara utpanna ho jAtI thI / isa graMthameM paTaha, taraDa, maradala, veNu, vINA, kaMsAla, tUrya, mRdaGga, dundubhI, ghaNTA, jhAlara, kAlaha, kiriri, DhakkA, DamarU, takkhA, khunda, taTakhunda Adi vAdyoMke nAma Aye haiN| ina vAdyoMkI dhvaniyoMkA nirdeza bhI paMcama sandhimeM kiyA gayA hai- pahaya paDupaDaha paDiraDiya daDiDaMbaraM, karaDataDataDa - taDivaDaNa phuriyaMvaraM / ghumuSumukka ghumudhumiyamaddalavara; sAlakaMsAlasalasaliya - sulaliyasaraM / DakkaDamaDakka - DamaDamiyaDamarubbhaDaM; ghaMTa- jayaghaMTa- TaMkArarahasiyabhauM / DhakkatraM traM huDukkAvalInAiyaM, ruMja guMjaMta - saMdiNNasamaghAiyaM / thagagaduga-thagagaduga-thagagaduga sajjiyaM, kiririkiri-taTTakirikiriri kiravajjiyaM / takhikhitakhi-takkhi-takhitattAsundaraM, tadidikhudi- khudakhuda khuda bhAbhAsuraM / thiriri-kaTataTTakaTa thiririkaTa nADiyaM, kiriri taTasukhaM taTakiriri-taDatADiyaM / pahaya-samahatya-supasatyavitthAriyaM, maMgalaM naMdighosaM manohAriyaM / tUrasaddeNa caliyaM mahAkalayalaM, rAyarAeNa saha cAuraMgaM balaM / 9. vahI, pR0 -- 67, saMdhi - 8 18 / 2 . vahI 419 /

Page #290
bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAeM uTTiyarayajalalolau nahayalavola utaM naravaibalu calliu / nivamarNa rayaNaramAulu karimayarAulu NaM samudu ucchalliu / isI taraha apabhraMzake anya graMthoM meM bhI saMgItake siddhAnta upalabdha hote haiN| svatantra rUpameM likhita saMgIta grantha saMgItake svatantra racita jaina granthoM meM saMgIta samayasAra, saMgItopaniSad, saMgIta upaniSada sAroddhAra, saMgItamaNDala, saMgIta dIpaka, saMgIta ratnAvalI, saMgIta sahapiMgala, graMtha pradhAna haiM / saMgIta samayasArake racayitA digambara jainamuni abhayacandrake ziSya mahAdevArya aura unake ziSya pArzvadeva haiN| saMgIta samayasArameM bhojarAja aura somezvarakA ullekha hai| bhojarAjakA samaya I0 san 1053 aura somezvarakA I0 san 1983 hai| ataeva pAzvadevakA samaya 1183 ke pazcAt honA cAhiye / pArzvadevakI zrutajJAna cakravartI aura saMgItAkara upAdhiyA~ thIM / inakA vizvAsa hai ki saMgIta hI mokSaprAptikA sugama upAya hai| isa graMthakI racanA I0 sankI 13vIM zatAbdImeM huI hai / granthameM 9 adhikaraNa haiM / jo nimnaprakAra haiM prathama adhikaraNameM nAdotpatti, nAdabheda, dhvanisvarUpa, usake bheda, mizrita dhvani, zarIra lakSaNa, gati lakSaNa aura usake bheda, Alapti, varNa, alaMkAra Adi viSayoMkA samAveza hai / isI adhikaraNameM svara, zruti, mUrcchanA, alaMkAra, gamaka AdikI bhI vyAkhyAe~ kI gayI haiN| dvitIya adhikaraNameM AlApake bheda, sthAyIke nAma, karaNa aura unake svarUpa diye haiN| sthAyIke nAmoMmeM mahArASTra aura karnATakameM pracalita saMgItakA anukaraNa kiyA hai / vAdI svara arthAt jIvasvarakI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai ki jisa rAgameM jo svara mukhya ho athavA jisake binA rAga darzana hI na ho sake vaha vAdI svara hai / batAyA hai ___ saptasvarANAM madhye'pi svare yasmin suraagtaa| sa jIvasvara ityukte aMzo vAdI ca kathyate // saMvAdI, vivAdI aura anuvAdI svaroMkI vyAkhyA bhI itanI hI spaSTa dI huI hai| zrIrAgase utpanna honevAle gaur3a rAga aura gaur3arAgase Takka rAgakI utpatti batalAyI hai / isI adhyAyameM graha, aMza, nyAsa, vyApti aura rasakI vyAkhyAe~ bhI kI gayI haiM / tRtIya adhikaraNameM dezI rAgoMkA kathana AyA hai| rAgoMke rAgAMga, bhASAGga, upAGga, kriyAGga Adi bheda kiye haiM aura ve prAcIna praNAlIke anusAra haiM / madhyamAdi, tor3I, basanta, bhairava, zrI, zuddha baMgAla, mAlava zrI, varAhI, gaur3a, dhanAzrI, guNDakRti, gurjarI aura dezI ye 13 rAgAGga rAga lakSaNa sahita batalAye gaye haiM / belAvalI, aMdhAlI, sAyarI (asAvarI), phalamaJjarI, lalitA, kaizikI, nATA, zuddha varATI aura zrIkaMThI ye nau bhASAGga rAga diye haiM / 21 upAGga rAga batalAye haiN| isa prakAra kula milAkara 33 rAgoMke lakSaNa diye gaye haiM / bhASAGga rAgameM belAvalI, AsAvarI, dezI Adi bheda batalAye haiM / upAGga rAgoMke sAtha thATakA bhI varNana AyA hai| 1. jambUsAmicariu, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, pRSTha-97, paca-5-6 /

Page #291
246 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna caturtha adhikaraNake prArambhameM prabandhakI vyAkhyA dI hai| cAra dhAtu aura cha aMgoMse jisakA niyamana hotA hai, vaha prabandha hai / prabandha gItoMkI vyAkhyAke pazcAt pAda, bandha, svarapada, citra, tena, mizra ityAdi karaNoMko vyAkhyA ekAdaza dhruvoMke anantara unakA upayoga karanekA tarIkA batalAneke pazcAt adhikaraNa samApta kiyA hai / paJcama adhikaraNa anavadyAdi cAra prakAra ke vAdyoMke bheda batalAkara tatsambandhI paribhASAe~ batalAyI hai / pATha vAdyake 12 prakAra batalAkara unake akSaroMko kisa prakAra bajAnA cAhiye yaha dikhalAyA gayA hai / SaSTha adhikaraNameM nRtya aura abhinayakA varNana hai / aGgavikSepake aneka prakAra batalAye gaye haiN| saptama adhikaraNameM tAlakA uddezya, usakA lakSaNa aura usake nAma diye haiM / saMgItameM tAlakA mahattva batalAte hue likhA hai tAlamUlAni geyAni tAle sarva pratiSThitam / tAlahInAni geyAni maMtrahInA yathAhutiH / / aSTama adhikaraNakA nAma gItAdhikaraNa hai / gItakA svarUpa, gAnekI vidhi, gItake guNadoSa, sabhAmeM baiThaneko vidhi, gAne ke niyama AdikA varNana hai / uttama, madhyama aura nikRSTa, nartaka, vAdaka aura gAyakako paribhASAe~ dI gayI haiM / ___ navama adhikaraNameM prastAra, naSTa, uddiSTa AdikA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra saMgIta samayasAra dezI saMgItakA mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| isameM dezI rAgoMke nAma aura lakSaNa saMgIta ratnAkarakI apekSA bhinna rUpameM diye gaye haiN| saMgIta ratnAkarake anukaraNapara likhA jAnepara bhI isa granthakI apanI vizeSatA hai / rAga vibodhakAra zrI somanAthane apane rAgavibodhake tRtIya vivekameM prabandhake sambandhameM likhate hue-"tathA ca pArzvadevaH" likhakara batAyA hai-"catubhirdhAtubhiH SaDbhizcAGgairyasmAtprabadhyeta, tasmAtprabandhaH kathito gItalakSaNakovidaH / " isa prakAra rAgavibodhakArane pArzvadevake vacanoMko uddhRta kiyA hai| saMgItopaniSad zvetAmbarAcArya rAjazekhara sUrike ziSya sudhAkalazane vikrama saMvat 1380 meM saMgItopaniSadkI racanA kI hai| isameM chaha adhyAya haiM / prathama adhyAyameM gIta prakAzana, dvitIyameM prastArAdisopAzraya tAlaprakAzana, tRtIyameM guNa, svara, rAgAdi prakAzana, caturthameM caturvidha vAdya prakAzana, paJcamameM nRtyAGga, upAGga, pratyakSa prakAzana aura SaSThameM nRtya paddhati prakAzana hai / inhIM AcAryane vi0 saM0 1406 meM saMgItopaniSadsAroddhArakI racanA kI hai / isa granthameM 610 zloka haiM aura saMgItopaniSadkA hI viSaya varNita hai| yaha graMtha gAyakavAr3a oriyanTala sirIja bar3odAse prakAzita ho cukA hai / saMgItamaNDana mAlavA mANDavagar3hake sulatAna Alama zAhake mantrI maNDanane isa granthakI racanA kI hai / racanA kAla vi0 saM0 1490 hai| maNDana zrImAlavaMzI sonagarA gotrake the| ye jAlorake

Page #292
bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAe~ mUla nivAsI the, para unakI 7vIM-8vIM pIr3hIke pUrvaja mANDavagar3ha meM Akara rahane lage the / inake vaMza meM mantrI pada bhI paramparAgata calA AtA thA / Alama zAha vidyApremI thA / ataH maNDanapara usakA vizeSa sneha thA / saMgIta maNDana abhItaka aprakAzita hai / isakI hastalikhita prati milatI hai / 247 jaina granthAvalIse saMgIta dIpaka, saMgIta ratnAvalI aura saMgIta sahapiMgalakI sUcanA milatI hai / parantu ina granthoMke viSaya meM vizeSa jAnakArI nahIM milatI hai / prAyogika grantha saMgIta siddhAntoM kA prayoga karaneke liye saMskRta, hindI Adi bhASAoM meM prAyogika grantha bhI upalabdha hote haiM / jayadevake gIta govindake anukaraNapara abhinava paNDitAcArya cArukIrtine I0 san 1400 - 1758 ke madhya yaha grantha likhA hai / 'gIta vItarAga' prabandhAtmaka gIti kAvya hai / isameM bhagavAn RSabhadevake daza janmoMkA AkhyAna gItoM meM kiyA gayA hai / isameM 24 prabandha gIta haiM / kathAvastu Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadevase sambaddha hai / isameM gurjarI rAga, dezI rAga, vasanta rAga, rAmakriyA, mAr3ava gauDI rAga, kannar3arAga, AsAvarI rAga, devarAlirAga, guNDakriyA rAga, paJcama rAga aura saurASTrarAgameM gIta nibaddha haiM / ina rAgoM meM aSTatAla, yatitAla, tAlatriuDa, pratibhanRtAla, ekatAla, yati-yatitAla Adi tAleM prayukta haiM / rAgoM kI utpatti svaroMke saMyoga se batalAyI hai / svara samUhoM ko yathAvidhi gAna varNa kahA hai / varNa cAra haiM-- sthAyI, ArohI, avarohI aura saMcArI / rAgoMke cAra aGga batAye haiMrAgAGga, bhASAGga, kriyAGga aura upAGga / ina cAroM aGgoM kA prayoga gIta vItarAgake prabandha gItoMmeM kiyA gayA hai / tAlake kola, mArga, kriyAGga, graha, jAti, kalA, laya, yati aura prastAra ina dasa prANoM kA bhI saMyojana kiyA gayA hai / prayogAtmaka gItikAvya meM jinasenake pAzvabhyudayakI bhI carcA kI jA sakatI hai / jinasenane meghadUtake padoMko lekara samasyApUrtidvArA zAntarasakA praNayana kiyA hai / padyoMmeM rAgAtmakatA atyanta saghana hai / musalamAna bAdazAhoM, gvAliyara ke narezoM AdikA avalambana pAkara 15vIM 16vIM zatAbdI se hindI meM saMgItake prayogAtmaka aneka grantha likhe gaye / sUra, tulasI, mIrA, kabIra Adike padoMke samAna ho jaina kaviyoMne bhI prayogAtmaka hindI padya likhe / bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsane vibhinna rAga rAganiyoMkA samanvaya karate hue AsAvarI rAgameM nimnapada gAyA hai kahA paradezIko patiyAro / manamAne taba caleM paMthako, sA~jha gine na sakAro / 2 kuTumba chor3a itahi puni tyAga cale tana pyAro // dUra dizAvara calata ApahI, kou na rokana hAro / koU prIti karo kina koTika, anta hoyago nyAro // dhana soM rAci dharama sau bhUlata, jhUlata moha maMjhAro / hi vidhi kAla ananta gamAyo, pAyo nahiM bhava pAro //

Page #293
248 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna sA~ceM sukhasoM vimukha hota ho, bhrama madirA mtvaaro| cetahu ceta sunahu re bhaiyA, Apa hI Apa sNbhaaro|| kavi bhUdharadAsane vihAga rAgameM manakI durbalatA tathA ahaM aura idaMke saMgharSase utpanna vAsanAkA niyantraNa karate hue cAritrakI zodhazAlAmeM naitika mana aura naitika buddhikI AvazyakatAkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai jagata jana juvA hAri cale // kAma-kuTila saMga bAjI mA~r3I, una kari kapaTa chale / / cAra kaSAyamayI jaha~ caupari pAMse joga rale / ina sarabasa uta kAmanikauMr3I ihavidhi jhaTaka cale // bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsane sAraMga, rAmakalI, jaMgalA, malhAra, gaurI, bRndAvanI sAraMga, dhanAzrI, AsAvarI, vilAvala, bhairava, Adi rAgoMmeM padoM kI racanA kI hai| jagajIvana kavine malhAra, rAmakalI, vilAvala, sindUriyA, kannar3o, sAraMga Adi rAgoMmeM pada likhe haiM / jagatrAmane soraTha, rAmakalI, lalita, kannar3o, vilAvala, Imana, sindUriyA, jaMgalA, malhAra, jaunapurI Adi rAgoMmeM padoMkI racanA kI hai / dyAnatarAyane malhAra, jaMgalA, sAraMga, AsAvarI, gaurI, mAr3ha, zyAmakalyANa, vihAgar3I, soraTha, bhairava, kannar3o, rAmakalI, sohanI, ujhAja jogI rAsA, vihAga, soraTha, bhairavI, aura kAnhAro Adi rAgoMkA prayoga kiyA hai| bhUdharadAsane soraTha, khyAla, mAr3ha, malhAra, vihAga, vilAvala, bhairavI, AsAvarI, pIlU, horI, vihAgar3o rAgoMmeM padoMkI racanA kI hai / bastarAmane pUrvI, lalita, dhanAzrI, naTa, jhaMjhoTI, gaur3I, khamAca, rAmakalI, AsAvarI, bhUpAlI, paraja, bhairava Adi rAgoMmeM pada race haiN| navalarAmane vilAvala, soraTha, kAnharo, holI, devagandhAra, mAMDa, kannar3I, sAraMga aura ImanakA prayoga kiyA hai / budhajanane kAnaDI, mAr3ha, AsAvarI, sAraMga, bhairavI, rAmakalI, jaMgalA, jhaMjhoTI, vihAga, soraTha, vilAvala Adi rAgoMmeM pada racA hai| daulatarAmane ravA, sAraMga, gaurI, mAlakoSa, bhairavI, mAMDha, jaMgalo, Tor3I, ujhAja jogIrAsA, soraTha, horI Adi rAgoMmeM pada likhe haiM / isI prakAra kavi chatrapati aura mahAcandane bhI vibhinna rAgoMkA prayoga kara padoMkI racanA kI hai / 19vIM zatAbdImeM bhAgacandane basanta, malhAra, sAraMga aura vilAvala rAgoMmeM aneka pada likhe haiM / kavi nayanAnandane vibhinna rAgoMmeM nayanasukha vilAsakI racanA kI hai| inhoMne apanA paricaya dete hue likhA hai ki kAndhalA nagara meM bhUdharadAsajIke anugrahase adhyAtma jJAna prApta huA / kavi nayanAnandake ye bhUdharadAsa hI vidyAguru bhI the| bhUdharadAsako mRtyuke pazcAt kucha dinoM taka nayanAnandane kAndhalAmeM nivAsa kiyA pazcAt vAgaprastha nagarake jaina paJcoMkA patra prApta kara vaha vAgaprastha cale gaye / vahA~para unakA sAkSAtkAra adhyAtma premI nizcala rAyase huA / nizcala rAyane batAyA ki isa nagarameM seTha zAdIrAma aura unakA bhAMjA saguNacanda jainiyoMmeM pradhAna haiM / saguNacandake putrakA nAma candanalAla hai / kusaMgatimeM rahaneke kAraNa candanalAlako jainadharmake prati AsthA nahIM hai| ataeva Apa candanalAla aura usake sAtha tIna-cAra lar3akoMko zikSA diijiye| Apake isa kAryase dharmakA bar3A upakAra hogaa| paMcoMke samakSa cAra anya chAtroM ke sAtha candanalAlako dhArmika zikSA prArambha huI, para candanalAla par3ha na sakA /

Page #294
bhakti, saMgIta evaM lalita kalAe~ 249 isase nayanAnandake manameM cintA utpanna huI aura unhoMne vicAra kiyA ki kauna sA upAya kiyA jAye jisase candanalAla dhArmika zikSA prApta kara sake / nayanAnandane candanalAlakI abhiruci avagata karanekA prayAsa kiyA aura cAra mahIne taka ve usake kAryoMkA nirIkSaNa karate rahe / eka dina unhoMne dekhA ki rAtrike 10-11 baje candanalAla kAnhar3A dezake svaroMmeM eka mAlhArako alApatA huA calA jA rahA hai| usake svarameM apUrva lAlitya thaa| AlApakI madhurimAko sunakara gandharva aura kinnara bhI mohita ho jAte the| ataH nayanAnanda bhI usakI madhura dhvanise AkRSTa hokara usake pAsa pahu~ca gaye aura unhoMne candanalAlase kahA-tumhArA svara bahuta priya laga rahA hai, thor3I dera baiTha kara tuma ise gaao| candanalAla jhUma-jhUma kara AlApane lgaa| jaba usakA gIta pUrA huA to nayanAnandane usase pUchA ki kyA tumheM koI jaina bhajana yA pada bhI yAda hai ? tuma use bhI rAgoMmeM gA sakate ho ? candanalAlane uttara diyA-mujhe jaina bhajana yAda nhiiN| maiM to ThumarI, bhajana, gajala, dhrupada, tarAnA, nauTaMkI, saravaNa, marahaTI turrA, kalaMgI, caubolA Adi gAtA hU~ aura ye hI mujhe pasanda haiM / nayanAnandane punaH kahA-yadi tumhAre icchAnusAra vibhinna rAgoMmeM jaina padoMkI racanA kI jAye to kyA tuma mandirameM Akara pratidina pada gAoge ? candanalAlane apanI svIkRti de dii| nayanAnandane vibhinna rAga-rAginiyoMmeM padoMkI racanA kI aura sitArapara una padoMkA pradarzana kiyA jAne lgaa| candanalAlako ye pada itane adhika rucikara hue ki vaha apanI samasta kupravRttiyoMkA tyAga kara bhajana gAne meM pravRtta ho gyaa| candanalAlake anya sAthiyoMmeM 8 vyakti aura sammilita the / isa prakAra una sabane milakara eka nayI saMgIta zailIkA pracAra kiyA / nayanAnandane 24 akhAr3oM meM 24 tIrthakaroMke padoMkI racanA kii| sabhI tIrthaMkaroMke bhajana pRthak-pRthak rAgameM nibaddha kiye gaye / tAla, laya, svara, grAma AdikA pUrA nirvAha kiyA gyaa| isa prakAra nayanAnanda kavikA nainasukha vilAsa gAyana zikSAkA grantha hai aura isake sabhI pada saMgItajJoMke liye AkarSaka haiM / yahA~ udAharaNArtha ThumarI zailImeM eka pada diyA jAtA hai __ saba karanI dayA bina thothI re // jIva dayA bina karanI niraphala, niSphala terI pothI re / / candra binA jaise niSphala rajanI, Aba binA jaise motI re|| nIra binA jaise saravara niraphala, jJAna binA jiyA jyoti re / chAyA hIna tarovara kI chabi, nainAnanda nahiM hotI re / isa prakAra hindI meM prayogAtmaka saMgIta kAvya likhe jAte rahe haiM / bilAvala, kalyANa, khammAca, bhairava, pUrvI, AsAvarI, tor3I Adi thAToMmeM bhI padoMkI racanA jaina kavi karate rahe haiN| nayanAnandane sandhyA chaha bajese rAtri nau baje taka ImanakalyANa, mAlazrI, aura kedArAkA prayoga batalAyA hai.| prAtaH kAla chahase nau baje taka bilAvala, ImanI aura naTavilAvala, Tor3I AdikA prayoga batAyA gayA hai| dinameM 12 baje 3 baje taka gaur3a sAraMga, triveNI, vRndAvanI sAraMga Adi rAgoMke gAnekA vidhAna kiyA hai / madhyarAtrimeM sindUrA saindhavI, vihAga, mAlakoSa Adike gAnekA vidhAna hai /

Page #295

Page #296
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 1. jaina jyotiSakI pramukha vizeSatAe~ 2. jaina jyotiSa sAhitya 3. grIkapUrva jaina jyotiSa vicAra-dhArA 4. aMga-vidyA : prAdurbhAva aura vikAsa 5. jaina paJcAMga 6. jAtaka tattva arthAt prArabdha vicAra 7. jainAcArya RSiputra aura unakA jyotiSa zAstrako yogadAna 8. mahAn jyotivid zrIdharAcArya 9. AcArya nemicandra aura jyotiSa zAstra 10. jainAcAryoM dvArA prastuta gaNita sambandhI katipaya maulika udbhAvanAe~ 11. jaina gaNita kA mahattva 12. tiloyapaNNattike zreNI vyavahArake dasa sUtroMkI upapatti 13. saMskRta sAhitya tribhuja gaNita 14. svapna aura usakA phala

Page #297

Page #298
jaina jyotiSakI pramukha vizeSatAe~ prAstAvika jyotiSa, Ayurveda, gaNita jaise lokopayogI viSayoMmeM jaina-ajaima kA prazna uThAnA sAdhAraNataH vaisA hI pratIta hotA hai, jaisA gehU~, jo aura cAvalako brAhmaNa, kSatriya evaM zUdra kA kahanA / jyotiSakA sambandha jana-jIvanake sAtha hai| pratyeka vyakti apane bhAvI-zubhAzubha phalako avagata kara apane kAryoMmeM satarka yA sAvadhAna rahatA hai / ataH jyotiSake siddhAntoMkA vivecana sabhI bhAratIya manISiyoMne zubhAzubha phalake rUpameM samAna rUpase kiyA hai| AryabhaTTa, varAhamihira, bhAskara prabhRti vaidika jyotividoMke samAna hI bhadrabAhu, kAlakAcArya, zrIdhara, malliSeNa, bhaTTavosari Adi jainAcAryoMne bhI jyotiSake siddhAntoMkA vivecana kiyA hai| grahagaNita aura graha-gaNitase sambaddha aGkagaNita, bIjagaNita, rekhAgaNita, pratimAgaNita, trikoNamiti-gaNita Adike siddhAnta vaidika aura jainAcAryoM dvArA tulya rUpameM pratipAdita haiN| isI prakAra phalita-jyotiSameM jAtaka, saMhitA, muhUrta AdikA kathana bhI samAna rUpameM milatA hai| jyotiSake siddhAntoMmeM phalita aura gaNitakI samAnatAoMke hone para bhI jaina-jyotiSajainAcAryoM dvArA pratipAdita siddhAntoMmeM katipaya pramukha vizeSatAeM upalabdha hotI haiN| ina vizeSatAoMkA kAraNa dArzanika mAnyatAoMmeM tAttvika antarakA honA hai| hama yahA~ jainajyotiSakI una pramukha vizeSatAoMkA pratipAdana kareMge jo vizeSatAe~ vaidika cintakoM dvArA pratipAditaM jyotiSa siddhAntoMmeM upalabdha nahIM hotI athavA jina mAnyatAoMmeM tAttvika antara hai| vicAra-saraNi nimnalikhita siddhAntoM para AdhRta rahegI 1. graha-bhramaNakA kendra 2. grahoMke mArga 3. graha-gatiyAM 4. grahoMke madhyamamAna aura spaSTa mAna 5. grahaNa-siddhAnta 6. grahoMkA svarUpa-guNa, tattva, prakRti Adi 7. phala-pratipAdanake AdhArabhUta siddhAnta-karmodaya, kSayopazama, kSaya Adi 8. jAtaka-sidAnta 9. saMhitAke varNya viSaya 10. prazna-siddhAnta 11. muhUrta-sivAnta 12. aGga-vidyA 13. svapna-siddhAnta 14. AkAzIya nimitta-siddhAnta 15. roga-vijJAna

Page #299
254 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna 1. graha-bhramaNakA kendra jainAcAryoMne graha bhramaNakA kendra sumeru parvatako mAnA hai, jabaki anyatra dhruva deza yA nirakSako kendra mAnA hai| jahA~ vaidika AcAryoM dvArA sampUrNa gaNita aura phalita dhruva kendrake AdhAra para pratiSThita hai, vahAM jainAcAryoMkA graha gaNita sumeru kendra ke AdhAra para sthita hai| graha nitya gatizIla hote hue merukI pradakSiNA karate haiN| grahoMkI gati dvArA hI kAlakI sthiti mAnI jAtI hai| jaina mAnyatAke anusAra isa jambU dvIpameM do sUrya aura do candramA mAne gaye haiN| eka sUrya jambU dvIpakI pUrI pradakSiNA do ahorAtrameM karatA hai / sUrya pradakSiNAkI gati uttarAyaNa aura dakSiNAyana ina do bhAgoMmeM vibhakta hai aura inakI vIthiyA~gamana mArga 183 se kucha adhika hai, jo sumerukI pradakSiNAke rUpameM gola, kintu bAharakI ora phailate hue haiN| ina mArgoMkI caur3AI 46 yojana hai, tathA eka mArga se dUsare mArgakA antara do yojana batalAyA gayA hai| isa prakAra kula mArgoMkI caur3AI aura antarAloMkA pramANa 510 yojana hai, jo ki jyotiSazAstrako paribhASAmeM cAra kSetra kahalAtA hai / 510 yojana meM se 180 yojana cAra kSetra jambU dvIpameM aura avazeSa 330 yojana lavaNa samudra meM haiM / sUrya eka mArgako lagabhaga do dinameM pUrA karatA hai, jisase 366 dina yA eka varSa use pUrA karane meM lagatA hai| ___ sUrya jaba jambUdvIpake antima Abhyantara mArgase bAharakI ora nikalatA huA lavaNa samudrakI ora jAtA hai, taba bAhya lavaNa samudrake antima mArga para calane takake kAlako dakSiNAyana aura jaba sUrya lavaNa samudrake bAhya antima mArgase bhramaNa karatA huA Abhyantara jambUdvIpakI ora AtA hai, use uttarAyaNa kahate haiN| isa prakAra uttarAyaNa aura dakSiNAyana varSamAna, yojanAtmikA gati evaM bhramaNa mArgoMkI sthiti sumeru ke AdhAra para hI varNita hai| ___ itanA hI nahIM 'viSuva' kA vicAra bhI sumeru ke anusAra hI batalAyA gayA hai / yahA~ yaha smaraNIya hai ki 'trilokasAra' aura 'jambUdvIpapaNNatti' meM 'viSuva' kA vicAra ukta kendrAnusAra hI kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ isa vicArako spaSTa karaneke liye nAkSatra, cAndra, sAvana aura saura mAnoMkA pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai| jaina cintakoMne paJcavarSAtmaka yugakA mAna zrAvaNa kRSNA pratipadAse mAnA hai| eka nAkSatra varSa = 32713 dina eka cAndra varSa = 35413 dina eka sAvana varSa = 360 dina eka saura varSa = 366 dina adhika mAsa sahita eka cAndravarSa = 383 dina 2166 mu0 / 1-2. tattvArthasUtra, 413 3. vahI 4 / 14 4. tiloyapaNNatti 7 / 117 5. sAvaNa bahula paDivaye-sUraprajJapti

Page #300
jyotiSa evaM gaNita . 255 sumeru kendrAnusAra eka paMcavarSIya yuga meM candramA abhijita nakSatrakA bhoga ( saMyoga) 67 bAra karatA hai| ye hI 67 candramAke bhagaNa kahalAte haiN| ataH paMcavarSIya eka yugake dinAdi kA mAna isa prakAra hogA eka yugameM saura dina = 1800 ,,, cAndra mAsa = 62 ,, , cAndra dina = 1860 ,, ,, kSaya dina = 30 bhagaNa yA nakSatrodaya = 1830 cAndra bhagaNa = 67 cAndra sAvana dina - 1768 eka saura varSa meM nakSatrodaya = 367 eka ayanase dUsare ayana paryanta saura dina = 180 eka ayanase dUsare ayana taka sAvana dina = 183 cAndra varSa = 2933 x 12=35413; adhika mAsa sahita cAndra varSa = 38333 dina saura varSa = 303 4 12 = 366 dina; yahA~ 3 mAna gaNitake anusAra pUrA nahIM AtA hai; kintu uha muhUrtakA antara AtA hai| ataeva varSa 365 dinase kucha adhika hotA hai, jo ki Ajakalake varSamAnake tulya hai| jaina manISiyoMne tithikA Anayana bhI ukta prakriyA dvArA hI kiyA hai, jo isa prakAra hai-jo cAndra saMvatsarameM 35413 dina hote haiM; ataeva eka cAndra mAsameM 35433 - 2963 dina hote hai aura eka candramAsameM do pakSa hote haiM / isaliye 2933 dina = 2963 dina = 2933 4 15 muhUrta = 44266 muhUrta zukla pakSa aura itane hI muhUrta kRSNa pakSake bhI hote haiN| isI hisAbase eka tithikA mAna = 2933 dina = 63, dina = 63 x 30 = 2533 muhUrta / tithike bhI dina aura rAtrike bhedase do bheda haiM / saura dinakI apekSAse dina tithi aura rAtri tithike pAMca-pAMca bheda hai| isa prakAra parva tithiyoM, dainika tithiyoM evaM saura tithiyoMkA Anayana bhI meru kendrake AdhAra para kiyA hai| paJcavarSAtmaka yugakA mAna mAnakara paJcAGga gaNita aura graha gaNita donoMko sAdhanikA ukta gaNanAnusAra ghaTita kI gayI hai| tulanAtmaka dRSTise vicAra karane para jaina cintakoM dvArA nirUpita mAnameM kiMcit sthUlatA hai, aura uttarakAlIna jyotiSiyoM dvArA pratipAdita mAnameM sUkSmatA hai| isa sthUlatAkA parihAra mahendrasUrine nAr3I vRttake dharAtalameM gola pRSThastha sabhI bRttoMkA pariNamana karake nayI vidhi dvArA kiyA hai / inake isa granthakA nAma yantrarAja hai| isa grantha para malayendu sUrikI saMskRta TIkA bhI hai| sumeru kendra mAnane para bhI paramA krAnti teIsa aMza paiMtIsa kalA mAnI gayI hai| isameM kramotkramajyAnayana, bhujakoTiyAkA cApa sAdhana, krAntisAdhana, dhujyAkhaNDasAdhana, dhujyAphalAnayana, akSAMzase unnatAMza sAdhana, abhISTa varSake dhruvAdikA sAdhana, dRkkarma sAdhana, dvAdaza rAziyoMke vibhinna vRtta sambandhI gaNitoMkA sAdhana,

Page #301
256 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna iSTazaMkuse chAyAkarNa-sAdhana, yantra zodhana prakAra aura usake anusAra vibhinna rAzi aura nakSatroMke gaNitakA sAdhana, dvAdaza bhAva aura navagrahIMke spaSTIkaraNakA gaNita evaM graha sAdhana dvArA tithi nakSatrAdi gaNitakA sAdhana kiyA gayA hai| ataeva saMkSepameM yahI kahA jA sakatA haiM ki meruko kendra mAnane para bhI grahoMke sAdhanameM vizeSa antara nahIM AtA hai| spaSTa grahoMke AnayanArtha jo RNAtmaka yA dhanAtmaka saMskAra kiye jAte haiM, unakA varNana bhI 'sUryapaNNatti' jyotiSkaraNDaka evaM yantrarAja Adi granthoMmeM AyA hai| graha-kakSA evaM graha-gati sambandhI vizeSatAe~ graha kakSAoMkA varNana sUrya siddhAnta, siddhAnta ziromaNi, siddhAnta tattva viveka Adi jainetara granthoMmeM AyA hai| jaina granthoMmeM bhI graha kakSAoMkA nirdeza sarvatra milatA hai / sarvArthasiddhi, rAjavAttika, tiloyasAra, tiloyapaNNatti evaM jambUdIvapaNNatti jaise granthoMmeM bhI vidyamAna hai| jaina manISiyoMne batalAyA hai ki isa samAna bhUmitalase 790 yojana ora tArAgaNa vicaraNa karate haiN| isase dasa yojana Upara jAkara sUryako kakSA hai| isase assI yojana Upara candramAkI kakSA hai / candrakakSAse cAra yojana Upara nakSatra kakSA hai aura isase cAra yojana Upara budha kakSA hai / budha kakSAse tIna yojana Upara zukra kakSA, zukra kakSAse tIna yojana Upara bRhaspati kakSA aura bRhaspati kakSAse tIna yojana Upara bhaumakakSA aura isase tIna yojana Upara zanizcara kakSA hai| isa prakAra grahoMkI kakSAe~ tiryak rUpameM avasthita haiN| siddhAntaziromaNimeM bhUpiNDa, candra, budha, zukra, ravi, maMgala, bRhaspati, zani aura nakSatra kakSAeM Upara-Upara batalAyI gayI haiN| ye sabhI graha apanI-apanI AkarSaNa zaktise sthita hai| bhUmikA koI dUsarA AdhAra nahIM hai / yaha svayameva apane AdhArapara sthita hai| jaina mAnyatAmeM bhI vAtavalayoMke AdhArapara bhUmi aura graha kakSAoMko avasthita mAnA hai / lokako vAtavalaya veSTita kiye hue haiM aura graha kakSAe~ pRthvIko AkarSaNa zakti dvArA avasthita hai| graha kakSAoMkI sthitimeM jo antara dikhalAI par3atA hai, usa antarake rahanepara sUkSma gaNita mAnameM koI vizeSa bheda nahIM AtA hai| ataeva graha kakSAoMkI dRSTise jaina jyotiSakI apanI vizeSatA hai / grahagati sambandhI vizeSatA jainAcAryone gagana khaNDa kara grahoMkI gatiyoMkA Anayana kiyA hai| yaha gati tIna prakArako hai-(1) gagana khaNDAtmaka (2) yojanAtmaka aura (3) aMzAtmaka / gaganakhaNDAtmaka gatikA Anayana trilokasArameM kiyA gayA hai| isI granthake AdhArapara yojanAtmikA gati bhI nikAlI jA sakatI hai / aMzakalAtmaka gati AnayanakI vidhi jyotiSkaraNDaka aura yantrarAjameM varNita hai| yoM to sUryAdi grahake gamana mArga dIrgha vRttAkAra haiM / ataH usase aMzAtmaka gatike 1. tiloyasAra, gAthA 332 tathA sarvArthasiddhi, jJAnapITha saMskaraNa pR0 245 / 2. bhUmeH piNDaH zazAGkajJakaviravikujejyAkinakSatrakakSA, siddhAntaziromaNi, golAdhyAya, bhuvanakoSa, padma 2 /

Page #302
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 257 nikAlane meM kisI bhI prakArakI kaThinAI nahIM AtI hai / Arambha meM yojanAtmikA gatiko kAtmikA gati banAnekI yukti dI gayI hai / gaganakhaNDoMko prativikalAtmaka mAnA gayA hai / candra gagana khaNDa = 1768 ) ye gamana karaneke kalAtmaka khaNDa haiM, sUkSma gaNitake ravi gagana khaNDa = 1830 nakSatra gagana khaNDa = 1835 anusAra inakA cApAtmaka mAna prativikalAtmaka hai / abhijitakA mAna 630 gaganakhaNDa, jaghanya nakSatroMkA 1805 gagana khaNDa, madhyama nakSatroMke 2010 gagana khaNDa, uttama nakSatroMke 3015 gagana khaNDa haiM / yaha nakSatroMkI kalAtmaka maryAdAkA mAna hai / isaparase candramAke pratyeka nakSatrakA gatyAtmaka mAna nimna prakAra hogA / ( 1835 - 1768 ) = 67 candramAkI kalAtmaka svatantra gati hai / isa gatikA candramAke maryAdA mAna meM bhAga denese dainika nakSatra athavA candramAke nakSatrakA mAna hotA hai / abhijitkA mAna huA / 16 x 1 = .".6 x 1 = 9 1 ''. 15 muhUrta candramAke pratyeka jaghanya nakSatrakA madhyama mAna huA / 1 X 2090 = 30 muhUrta yaha candramAke pratyeka madhyama 75 = 45 muhUrta * yaha candramAke pratyeka uttama nakSatrakA mAna huA / = 6 3094 1 X == 3015 (1835 - 1830 ) = 5 kalAtmaka madhyama sUrya gati huI, jo ki Ajakala ke mAnase 59 8" ke barAbara hotI hai| isakA nakSatroMkI maryAdAmeM bhAga denese sUrya nakSatra mAnakA pramANa AtA hai / 630x1 = 630 = 126 muhUrta arthAt 4 dina 6 muhUrta sUrya abhijit nakSatra ke sAtha rahatA hai / dezAntara saMskAra aura kAlAntara saMskAra dvArA gatike spaSTatvakA vivecana bhI AyA hai / kisI bhI dezakI palabhAkA jJAna karake usakA tIna sthAnoM meM rakhakara prathama sthAnameM dazase, dUsare meM AThase aura tIsare meM dazase guNA karanA caahie| tIsare sthAnake guNanaphalameM tInakA bhAga dekara labdhigrahaNa karanA caahie| isa prakAra carakhaNDa Aya~ge / punaH sAyanasUryakA bhuja banAkara usameM rAzi saMkhyA tulya cara khaNDoM kA yoga karake, usameM aMzAdise guNe hue bhogakhaNDakA tIsavAM bhAga jor3a denese cara hotA / tulAdi chaH rAziyoMmeM sUrya ho, to isakA dhana saMskAra tathA meSAdi chaH rAziyoMmeM sUrya ho to RNa saMskAra hotA hai / isa carakA madhyama ravikI vikalA meM saMskAra karanese ravi spaSTa AtA hai aura carako dose guNAkara navakA bhAga denepara jo labdhi Aye, usakA dezAntara saMskRta madhyama candramAkI vikalAme saMskAra karane se candramA spaSTa hotA hai / Azaya yaha hai ki candramAmeM dezAntara, bhujAntara aura carAntara ye tIna prakArake saMskAra kiye jAte haiM, taba candramA spaSTa hotA hai / isI mAnyatAnusAra budhAdi grahoMkA bhI sAghana kiyA jA sakatA hai / yojanAtmikA gati nikAlaneke liye Abhyantara candravIthikI paridhi tathA trijyA aura dokA guNA karanese phala prApta hote haiM / candramA antaHvIthimeM sthita hone para eka muhUrta meM arthAt 48 minaTameM candravIthi paridhayAtmaka calatA hai, to eka minaTameM kitane yojanAtmaka calegA / isa anupAta vidhise candramA tathA anya grahoMkI bhI yojanAtmikA gati nikAlI jA sakatI hai / yathA 33

Page #303
48 258 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna abhyantara candravIthikI paridhi 315089 yojana tathA trijyA-jambUdvIpake madhya binduse 49820 yojana hai, yadi kA mAna /10 athavA prAyaH 3.16 liyA jAya to paridhi (49820)x2x 3.16 = 311702.4 yojana AtI hai| bAhyamArgakI paridhikA pramANa 318313434 yojana hai / jaba trijyA bar3hatI hai, taba paridhi patha bar3ha jAtA hai aura niyata samayameM hI vaha patha pUrNa karaneke lie candra aura sUrya donoMkI gatiyAM bar3hatI jAtI haiM / jisase ve samAnakAlameM asamAna paridhiyoMkA atikramaNa kara sakeM / unakI gatikAlake asaMkhyAtaveM bhAgameM samAnarUpase bar3hatI huI agrasara hotI hai aura yaha gatisamatvaraNa (uniform acceleration) kahalAtI hai, tathA antaHmArgakI ora Ate hue grahoMkI gati samavimandana (uniform retarcation) kahI jAtI hai / candramAkI rekhIya gati (Jinear Velocity) antaHvIthimeM sthita honepara 48 minaTa meM 315089 : 62335 - 507317435 yojana hotI hai| ataH eka minaTakI gati 20744.4945= 4804402 mIla jaba candramA bAhya paridhimeM sthita rahatA hai, taba gAta 48 usakI gati eka minaTameM prAyaH-512544545 = 48527321 mIla rahatI hai| grahaNa viSayaka vizeSatA grahaNake sambandhameM prAcIna kAlase hI vicAra ho tA A rahA hai| jisa prakAra megha sUryako DhaMka detA hai, vaise hI rAhu candra ko aura ketu sUryake vimAnako AcchAdita kara detA hai / isa mAnyatAko samIkSA uttarakAlIna jyotiSiyoMne karate hue grahaNakA yathArtha kAraNa avagata kara gaNita dvArA AnayanakA prayAsa kiyA hai| chAdaka, chAdaya, chAdanakAla aura chAdanakI sthitikA Anayana gaNita prakriyA dvArA kiyA gayA hai / tiloyapaNNattImeM rAhu aura ketu ko grahaNakA kAraNa batalAyA hai tathA gaNita vidhi dvArA grahaNakI Anayana vidhiko prastuta kiyA hai| yantrarAjameM sUryagrahaNa aura candragrahaNakA vivecana karate hue lambana, aura natikA Anayana kara grahaNakI sthiti jJAta kI hai / tiloyapaNNattImeM candramAkI kalAoM aura grahaNako avagata karaneke lie candra bimbase cAra pramANAMguli nIce kucha kama eka yojana vistAra vAle kRSNa varNake do prakAra ke rAhuoMkI kalpanA kI gayI hai| inameM eka to dina rAhu aura dUsarA parva rAhu hai| rAhuke vimAnakA bAhulya 350 yojana hai / dina rAhukI gati candramAkI gatike samAna mAnI gayI hai aura use hI candrakalAoMkA kAraNa kahA hai| parva rAhu candragrahaNakA kAraNa hai| rAhukA isa sthitimeM AnA gati vizeSake kAraNa niyamita rUpa se hotA hai / sUryake 184 valaya mAne haiN| pratyeka valaya kA vistAra sUrya vyAsake samAna hai, tathA prathama valaya aura meruke bIcakA antarAla 44820 yojana hai / candrakA bhI itanA hI antarAla mAnA gayA hai / pratyeka valaya vIthikA antarAla do gojana hai| jambUdvIpa 1. tiloyapaNNatti, gAthA 7 / 189 tathA 7 / 178 2. vahI 186 3. tiloyaNaNNatti 7 / 201, 4. vahI, gAthA 7 / 216, -215

Page #304
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 259 ke madhya binduko kendra mAnakara sUryake prathama patha trijyA (50000 - 100 ) = 49820 yojana hai ! donoM sUrya aura candra sammukha sthita rahate haiM / antima valaya vRttameM sthita rahane para donoM sUryoke bIcakA antara 2 (500330) yojana rahatA hai / sUryake valaya vRtta bhI candrake valaya vRtta ke samAna samApana ( Winding ) aura asamApana ( unwinding ) kuntala (Spiral) ke samAna hotA hai / isa prakAra candramAke pandraha valaya aura sUryake 184 valaya hote haiM / apanI gaganakhaNDAtmaka gatike anusAra jaba rAhu aura candra eka samAna sUtrameM baddha jaise pratIta hote haiM, to candragrahaNa lagatA hai, aura ketu jaba sUryake gamana valaya meM samAna sUtra meM A jAtA hai, to sUrya grahaNa hotA hai / bhinna-bhinna dezoM ora bhinna-bhinna nagaroMmeM ye grahaNakI sthiti kaba aura kisa prakAra ghaTita hogI isakI jAnakArI paridhiyoMke Anayana dvArA kI gayI hai jise AjakI bhASA meM akSAMza aura rekhAMza kahate haiM / nagariyoMkI paridhikA vikAsa krama uttarottara 71578 aura 14786 yojana bar3hatA huA batalAyA hai / paridhiyoMkA asamAnatva bhI hai / isa asamAnatva kA Anayana samatvaraNa gati dvArA kiyA jAtA hai / udAharaNa ke lie yoM kahA jA sakatA hai ki 48 minaTa meM prathama vala kI gati 52516 hai, to eka minaTameM kitanI yojana hogI / isa prakAra yojanAtmaka gati nikAla kara grahaNake samayakA Anayana kiyA hai / isa vidhi se sUrya aura candra grahaNoMkA samaya pratyeka nagara aura sthAnameM jAnA jA sakatA hai / yahA~ yaha smaraNIya hai ki paurANika yuga meM isa gaNita vidhikA upayoga Azcarya cakita karane vAlA hai / to gaNitakA vikAsa huA aura parva tithiyoMmeM pUrNimA aura amAvAsyAmeM grahaNakI sthiti nizcita ho gayI, to yantrarAja grantha meM lambana, nIti aura dRkka karma dvArA grahaNoMke samayakA Anayana kiyA hai / yantrarAjameM batAyA hai ki jisa samaya sUrya aura candrakI sphuTa kalA samAna hotI hai, usa samaya rAhu-bhUbhA candrabimba meM praveza karatI hai, isase candrabimba malina nisteja dikhalAI par3atA hai / lambana aura natike kAraNa candragrahaNa saba dezoM meM samAna dikhalAI nahIM detA / candra pUrvAbhimukha gamana karatA huA bhUbhAmeM praveza karatA hai / isalie candragrahaNa meM prathama pUrva dizAmeM grahaNakA prArambha aura pazcima dizAmeM mokSa hotA hai / sUrya bimbake bar3e aura bhU bimbake choTe hone se bhUmikI chAyA sUcIke samAna sUkSmAgra hotI hai aura lambI hone ke kAraNa candrakakSAke bAhara dUra taka calI jAtI hai / isa bhUbhA kI lambAI aura candrakakSA meM bhUbhA kA pramANa anupAta se nikAlA jAtA hai / candramAse viparIta dizAmeM bhUbhA hotI hai, ataeva zarakA jJAna viparIta hotA hai / bhUbhAkA koSAtmaka vyAsa nikAlakara grahaNakA sAghana hotA hai / yahA~ udAharaNArtha eka citra diyA jAtA hai jisase lambana AdikA jJAna prApta kara grahaNako sthiti jAnI jA sakatI hai 13 aba, a = bhUkendra | pa = sUryakA paramalambana bha a ka / pa = candrakA parama lambana bha ma ba, vA, bha ka ba / sa = sUrya vyAsAdha'se utpanna bhUkendraga koNamAna sa ma a / 6 = bha va ba, bhUchAyA koNArdhamAna / 9. vahI, 7 / 228 2. tiloyaNaNNatti, gAthA 7 / 246 3. udAharaNa-citra anupalabdha hai /

Page #305
260 a + c = pe; e bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna .:. a = pe-e . isI kAraNa se, e = sa -pa; .. a = pe - ( sa - pe ) = ve + pa-sa parantu 'pa' va aura sa kA mAna jJAta hai, isalie 2a, ma na cApa kA sammukha bhUkendraga koNa nizcita huA / isI prakAra candra pravezakAla sambandhI bhUchAyAkA vyAsArtha arthAt 'kaya' bhI siddha ho sakatA hai / vaha vyAsArdha 'pa-pa + sa' ke samAna hai / kyoMki rekhAgaNita ke anusAra ka bha sa = pai + 8 = pa + sa - uparyukta kSetrameM bha va arthAt bhU kendra se chAyAgra tathA bhUbhAkI lambAI hai / isakA mAna bhI bhUvyAsArtha aura bhU chAyA koNArdha mAna jJAta hone se sugama hai / yahA~ yaha dhyAtavya hai ki bhUvyAsArdha kisI vRttake cApake tulya hai, jisakA kendra aura vyAsArdhaM va, aura va bha hai / isa prakAra bhUbhAkA mAna nikAla kara lambana aura nati dvArA zara jJAta hone se grahaNako sthitikA jJAna kiyA jA sakatA hai / yantrarAja meM sphuTa lambanakA sAdhana kaI rUpoMmeM kiyA hai / tathA valana ke gaNita dvArA Ayana valana, AkSavalana aura spaSTavalanakA Anayana kiyA hai| vistArake bhayase yahA~ sabhIkA nirUpaNa karanA zakya nahIM hai / yoM to kAlagaNanA ahargaNa sAdhana, dinamAna sAdhana AdimeM bhI paryApta antara hai / jaina mAnyatA saMsArakA koI sraSTA svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| yaha saMsAra svayaMsiddha hai, anAdinidhana hai, kintu bharata evaM airAvata kSetroM meM avasarpaNa kAlake anta meM khaNDa pralaya hotA hai, jisase kucha puNyAtmAoM ko, jo vijayArddha kI guphAoM meM chipa gaye the, chor3a sabhI jIva naSTa ho jAte hai / upasarpaNa ke duHSama duHSama nAmaka prathama kAlameM jala, dugdha aura ghRta kI vRSTi se jaba pRthvI snigdha rahane yogya ho jAtI hai, to ve bace hue jIva Akara punaH basa jAte haiN| aura unakA saMsAra calane lagatA hai / jaina mAnyatAmeM bIsa kor3A kor3I addhA sAgarakA kalpa kAla batAyA gayA hai / isa kalpa kAla ke do bheda haiM- eka avasarpaNa aura dUsarA utsarpaNa / avasarpaNa kAlake suSama- suSama, suSama, suSama- duHSama, duSama-suSama, duHSama aura duHSama duHSama ye cha: bheda tathA utsarpaNa ke duHSama- duHSama, duHSama- suSama, suSama- duHSama, suSama aura suSama- suSama ye chaH bheda mAne gaye haiM / suSama- suSamakA pramANa cAra kor3Ikor3I sAgara, suSama kA tIna kor3Akor3I sAgara; suSama- duHSamakA do kor3A - kor3I sAgara; duHSama- suSamakA bayAlIsa hajAra varSa kama eka kor3Akor3I sAgara; duHSama kA ikkIsa hajAra varSa hotA hai| prathama aura dvitIya kAlameM bhogabhUmikI racanA; tRtIya kAlake AdimeM bhogabhUmi aura antameM karmabhUmiko racanA rahatI hai / isa tRtIya kAlake antameM caudaha kulakara utpanna hote haiM, jo prANiyoMko vibhinna prakArakI zikSAe~ dete haiM / prathama kulakara pratizruti ke samayameM jaba manuSyako sUrya aura candramA dikhalAyI par3e, to ve inase sazaMkita hue aura apanI zaMkA dUra karaneke lie unake pAsa gaye / unhoMne sUrya aura candramA sambandhI jyotiSaviSayaka jJAnakI zikSA dI / dvitIya kulakarane nakSatra viSayaka zaMkAoM kA nivAraNa kara apane yuga ke vyaktiyoMko AkAza maMDalakI samasta bAteM batalAI /

Page #306
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 261 ThANAMga' aura praznavyAkaraNa aMgameM paJcavarSAtmaka yuga evaM yugAnusAra graha nakSatra AdikI Ayana vidhi pratipAdita hai / isa prakAra jaina cintakoMne nakSatroMkA kula, upakula aura kulopakuloMmeM vibhAjana kara varNana kiyA hai / candramAke sAtha sparza karane vAle evaM usakA vegha karanevAle nakSatroMkA bhI kathana AyA hai / ataeva isa Aloka meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki grahagaNita sambandhI aneka vizeSatAe~ jaina jyotiSa meM samAhita haiM / bhAratIya jyotirgranthoMmeM jyotiSkaraNDaka pahalA jaina grantha hai jisameM lagnakA vicAra kiyA gayA hai / rAzi aura lagna ke sambandhameM phailI huI bhrAnta dhAraNA ki bhAratIyoMne ina siddhAntoMko grIkase apanAyA hai, I0 pUrva zatAbdImeM race gaye ukta granthase nirasta ho jAtI hai / jAtaka phala nirUpaNa sambandhI vizeSatAe~ jaina mAnyatAmeM graha karmaphalake sUcaka batalAye gaye haiM / kuvalayamAlA meM likhA hai"pubva-kaya-kamma-raiyaM suhaM ca dukkhaM ca jAyae dehe" arthAt pUrvakRta karmoMke udaya, kSayopazama Adike kAraNa jIvadhAriyoMko sukha aura duHkha kI prApti hotI hai / sukha-duHkhakA denevAlA Izvara yA anya koI divya zakti nahIM hai / graha karmaphalakI sUcanA dete haiM / ataH ve sUcaka nimitta haiM, kAraka nimitta nahIM / jisa prakAra Trenake Aneke pUrva siganala DAuna ho jAtA hai aura Trena AnekI sUcanA mila jAtI hai, siganala Trenako lAnevAlA nahIM hai, Trenake AnekI sUcanA denevAlA hai / isI prakAra nizcita rAzi aura aMzoMmeM rahanevAle graha vyaktiyoMke karmodaya, karmakSayopazama yA karmakSayakI sUcanA dete haiM / jaina mAnyatAmeM aTThAsI graha, agaNita nakSatra aura tArikAe~ batalAyI gayI haiM, para inameM pradhAna navagraha hI haiM, aura ye jJAnAvaraNAdi karmoMke sUcaka haiM / bRhaspatiko jJAnAvaraNIya karmake kSayopazamakA pratIka mAnA jA sakatA hai| isakA vicAra rAzi aMza Adike anusAra kara, bAhya vyaktitva aura antaraMga vyaktitvakA nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai / bAhya vyaktitvakI apekSA rakta, snAyumaMDala, mastiSka zakti, smRti, anubhava, pratyabhijJA, AdikA vicAra hotA hai / antaraMga vyaktitvakI apekSA kSayopazama janya jJAnazaktikA vizleSaNa kiyA jAtA hai / isI kAraNa vyApAra, kAryakuzalatA, utsava, dAna, sahAnubhUti evaM vyavasAya sambandhI praur3hatA AdikA vicAra bhI bRhaspati dvArA kiyA jAtA hai / manobhAva evaM manakI vibhinna sthitiyoMse utpanna saundarya, prema, zakti, bhakti, vyavasthA, udAratA ke sAtha paira, jaMghA, jigara, pAcanakriyAkA vicAra bhI bRhaspatikI sthitike Aloka meM kiyA jAtA hai / mokSagAmI vyaktike vyaktitvakA vizleSaNa pradhAna rUpase bRhaspati dvArA hI sambhava hai / yaha smaraNIya hai ki phala- pratipAdanameM eka grahakI pradhAnatAkA vicAra karate samaya anya grahoMke gauNa sambandhoMpara bhI dhyAna rakhanA Avazyaka hotA hai / anekAntavAda kI saraNikA 1. ThANAMga 5 / 3 / 10 tathA samavAyAMga 61 sUtra / 2. tahA kahante kulA uvakulA kulAvakulA Ahitotti vadejjA,- -prazna vyAkaraNa 10 / 5 / 3. ThANAMga 8 / 100 /

Page #307
262 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna avalambana liye binA graha phalakA kathana karanese pada-padapara bhrAnti hotI hai| ataeva graha aura rAziyoMke sabhI prakArake sambandhoMko dhyAnameM rakhate hue kisI pramukha grahakI vizeSa sthitipara jora diyA jAtA hai / dazA, antardazA, pratyantardazA, sUkSmadazA aura prANadazAoMke sambandhoM dvArA phalAdezakA kathana karanA ucita hotA hai / darzanAvaraNIya karmake kSayopazamAdikA pratIka budha hai| isa graha dvArA budha sambandhI cAMcalya, vAk-cAturya, netrajyoti, Ananda, utsAha, vizvAsa, ahaMkAra Adi bAtoMkA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| sAdhAraNataH yaha AdhyAtmika zaktikA pratIka hai| isake dvArA Antarika preraNA, sahetuka nirNayAtmaka buddhi, vastu parIkSaNa zakti evaM samajhadArI AdikA vizleSaNa kiyA jAtA hai / isa pratIkameM vizeSatA yaha rahatI hai ki gambhIratA pUrvaka kiye gaye vicAroMkA vizleSaNa bar3I khUbIse isake dvArA kiyA jA sakatA hai| ___anAtmika dRSTikoNakI apekSA guru aura budha ina donoM pratIkoM dvArA (jJAnAvaraNIya aura darzanAvaraNIya karmoke kSayopazamase utpanna mizrita) skUlIya zikSA, kaoNleja zikSaNa, vaijJAnika pragati, sAhityika zakti, lekhana kSamatA, prakAzana kSamatA, dhAtuoMke parakhanekI buddhi, khaNDana-maNDana zakti, citra aura saMgIta kalA AdikA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / zArIrika dRSTikoNase isa pratIka dvArA mastiSka, snAyu kriyA, jihvA, zravaNazakti, jJAnendriyoMkI antaraMga aura bAhyakSamatA AdikA vizleSaNa vivecana kiyA jAtA hai / vedanIya karmodayakA pratIka zukra hai / zukrakI zubha dazA sAtA vedanIyakI sUcaka hai aura azubha dazA asAtA vedanIya kii| yaha Antarika vyaktitvakA bhI pratIka hai| sUkSma mAnava cetanAoMko vidheya kriyAoMkA pratinidhitva bhI isake dvArA hotA hai / prANIko bhogazaktikA parijJAna bhI zukrase prApta kiyA jAtA hai| anAtmika dRSTikoNakI apekSAse sundara vastue~, AbhUSaNa, AnandotpAdaka padArtha, sajAvaTakI vastueM evaM kalAtmaka sambandhI sAmagrIkA vicAra bhI zukrase hotA hai / Atmika dRSTikoNakI apekSAse isakA sundara vastuoMke prati Asakti, sneha, saundaryajJAna, ArAma, Ananda, svacchatA, kAryakSamatA, parakhabuddhi Adipara isakA prabhAva par3atA hai / zArIrika dRSTi se galA, gurdA, jananendriya, AkRti, varNa, keza, zarIra saMcAlita karanevAle aMga-pratyaMga Adipara prabhAva par3atA hai / zukra aura gurukI dazA evaM antardazAke sambandhase AjIvikAkA vizleSaNa bhI kiyA . jAtA hai / jJAnAvaraNIya aura antarAya karmake kSayopazamake sAtha sAtAvedanIyakA udaya pratIka rUpameM guru, maMgala aura zukrake sambandhoM dvArA, avagata kiyA jAtA hai / jo vicAraka ina sambandhoMkA jitanI sUkSmatAke sAtha vibhinna dRSTiyoMse vicAra kara sakatA hai, vaha phala kathanameM utanA hI saphala mAnA jAtA hai / antarAya karmake kSayopazamako maMgalakI sthitiyoM dvArA avagata kiyA jAtA hai / yaha mAnava jAtike kalyANakA pratIka hai, aura he vibhinna prakArako vipattiyoM aura bAdhAoMkA sUcaka / yoM ise bAhya vyaktitvake madhyama rUpakA vyaJjaka mAnA hai| yaha indriya jJAna aura AnandecchAkA pratinidhitva karatA hai / jitane bhI uttejaka aura saMvedanA janya Avega hai, unakA

Page #308
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 263 yaha pradhAna kendra hai / bAhya AnandadAyaka vastuoMke dvArA yaha kriyAzIla hotA hai aura pUrvakI AnandadAyaka anubhavoMkI smRtiyoMko jAgRta karatA hai / vAMchita vastukI prApti tathA una vastuoMkI prApti ke upAyoMke kAraNoMkI kriyAkA pradhAna udgama hai / yaha pradhAna rUpase icchAoMkA pratIka hai / anAtmika dRSTikoNa se yaha sainika, DAkTara, rasAyanazAstravettA, nApita, bar3haI, luhAra, mazInakA kArya karanevAlA, makAna banAnevAlA, khela evaM kheloMke sAmAna AdikA bhI pratinidhi hai / zArIrika dRSTikoNase bAharI sira- khopar3I, nAka evaM gAlakA pratIka hai / isake dvArA saMkrAmaka roga, dhAva, kharoMca, oNparezana, raktadoSa, darda, udarapIr3A AdikA bhI vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / AtmavizvAsa, krodha, yuddhavRtti evaM prabhutA AdikA bhI pratinidhi hai / darzana mohanIya upazama, kSaya yA kSayopazamakA pratIka zani hai / yaha samasta grahoM meM vizeSa mahattvapUrNa hai / mAnava prANI sAMsArika viSayabhogoMmeM Asakta ho, Adhibhautika aura Adhidaivika sAdhanoM se trasta ho jaba vaha AtmAkI ora unmukha hotA do darzana mohanIya karmake pratIka zanikA phalAdeza mAnA jAtA hai / isa grahakI dazA, mahAdazA, antardazA AdimeM kleza, duHkha evaM vipattiyA~ prApta hotI haiM / ataH darzana mohanIyake pratIka zanidvArA bAhya aura Antarika cetanAkA parijJAna prApta kiyA jAtA hai / pratyeka navajIvana meM Antarika vyaktitvase jo kucha prApta hotA hai aura jo manuSyake vyaktigata jIvanase milatA hai, usase yaha manuSyako vRddhigata karatA hai / yaha pradhAna rUpase aham bhAvanAkA pratIka hotA huA bhI vyaktigata jIvanake vicAra, icchA aura kAryoMke santulanakA pratinidhi hai / vibhinna pratIka - grahoMke saMyogoM dvArA nAnA tarahase jIvana ke rahasyoMko abhivyakta karatA hai / ucca sthAnakA zani samyaktvakA sUcaka hai / anAtmika dRSTikoNa se kRSaka, halavAhaka, patravAhaka, caravAhA, kumhAra, mAlI, maThAdhIza, pulisa oNphisara, upavAsa karanevAle sAdhu-saMnyAsI AdikA pratinidhi hai / Atmika dRSTise tattvajJAna, vicArasvAtantrya, nAyakatva, mananazIlatA, kAryaparAyaNatA, AtmasaMyama, dhairya, dRr3hatA, gambhIratA, Atmacintana, satarkatA, vicArazIlatA evaM kAryazIlatAkA pratIka hai / zArIrika dRSTise haDDiyA~, nIceke dA~ta, bar3I AMteM evaM mAMsapeziyoMpara prabhAva DAlatA hai / cAritra mohanIyake upazama, kSaya, yA kSayopazamakA sUcaka rAhu hai / yaha vicArazakti aura kriyAzaktikA bhI dyotaka hai / jisa vyaktipara rAhukA pUrNa prabhAva rahatA hai, vaha vyakti saMsAra tyAgI banatA hai athavA gharameM udAsIna rUpase nivAsa karatA hai / bhaktiyoga, asamprajJAta samAdhi, anAsakta yoga, dhyAnAvasthA, AtmAnubhUti AdikA pratinidhi bhI ise mAnA gayA hai / isake dvArA AjIvikA, vyavasAya, vidyAdhyayana, videzagamana AdikA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / AyukarmodayakA pratIka candramA hai / candramAke dvArA manuSyakI Ayu, ariSTa, mAnasika kSamatA, Antarika zakti AdikA jJAna kiyA jAtA hai| zarIrapara isakA prabhAva vizeSa rUpase par3atA hai / yaha anAtmika dRSTikoNakI apekSAse zvetaraMga, jalapAna, bandaragAha, matsya, jala, taralapadArtha, narsa, dAsI, bhojana, rajata evaM baiganI raMga ke padArthoMpara prabhAva DAlatA hai / kalpanA, Atmika dRSTikoNakI apekSAse yaha saMvedana, Antarika icchA, utAvalApana, bhAvanA, satarkatA evaM lAbhecchApara prabhAva DAlatA hai| zArIrika dRSTikoNakI apekSAse isakA

Page #309
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna peTa, pAcanazakti, A~teM, stana, garbhAzaya, yonisthAna, A~kha evaM nArIke samasta guptAMgoMpara prabhAva DAlatA hai| ___ gotra karmakA pratIka ketu graha hai| yaha jIvanako ucca evaM nIca bhAvanAoMkI abhivyaMjanA karatA hai / isake dvArA kula, jAti evaM rahana-sahanakI jAnakArI prApta kI jAtI hai / ketuko kaSTa aura vipattiyoMke vizleSaNakA pratIka bhI mAnA gayA hai| nAmakarmodayakA pratIka ravi yA sUrya hai| isakI sAta kiraNeM mAnI gayI haiM, jo mohanIya aura gotrakarmako chor3a zeSa karmoMkI abhivyaJjanA karatI haiN| manuSyake vikAsameM sahAyaka icchA zakti, jJAnazakti aura kriyAzakti ina tInoMkI sUcanA sapta kiraNoM dvArA prApta hotI hai| anAtmika dRSTikoNakI apekSAse jo vyakti dUsaroMpara apanA prabhAva rakhate hoM, aise rAjA, maMtrI, senApati, saradAra, AviSkAraka, purAtattvavettA, dArzanika Adipara apanA prabhAva DAlatA hai / Atmika dRSTikoNakI apekSAse yaha prabhutA, aizvarya, prema, udAratA, mahattvAkAMkSA, AtmavizvAsa, AtmaniyantraNa, vicAra aura bhAvanAoMkA santulana evaM sahRdayatAkA pratIka hai / zArIrika dRSTise hRdaya, raktavAhaka choTI-choTI naseM, zarIrakA kada, rUpa-raMga AdikA bhI pratinidhi hai / isa prakAra jaina cintakoMke anusAra grahoMkA phalasUcaka nimittake rUpameM upasthita hotA hai| vyakti apane prabala puruSArtha dvArA, grahoM dvArA, sUcita phalAdezameM utkarSa, apakarSa, saMkramaNa Adi kara sakatA hai / praznazAstra viSayaka vizeSatA praznazAstra phalita jyotiSakA mahattvapUrNa aGga hai / isameM praznakartAke praznAnusAra binA kuNDalIke phala batAyA jAtA hai / tAtkAlika phala batalAneke lie yaha zAstra bahuta upayogI hai| isa zAstrameM jainAcAryoMne jitane sUkSma phalakA vivecana kiyA hai, utanA jainetara prazna granthoMmeM nahIM / praznakartAke praznAnusAra praznoMkA uttara tIna prakArase diyA jAtA hai 1 praznakAlako jAnakara usake anusAra zubhAzubha phala batalAnA hai / isa siddhAntakA mUlAdhAra samayakA zubhAzubhatva hai-prazna samayAnusAra tAtkAlika praznakuNDalI banAkara usase grahoMke sthAna vizeSa dvArA phala pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai| 2. svara siddhAnta hai / isameM phala batalAne vAlA apane svara (zvAsa kriyA) ke Agamana aura nirgamanase iSTAniSTa phalakA pratipAdana karatA hai / isa siddhAntakA mUlAdhAra praznakartAkA adRSTa hai; kyoMki usake adRSTakA prabhAva tatsthAnIya vAtAvaraNapara par3atA hai, isase vAyu prakampita hokara praznakartAke adRSTAnukUla bahane lagatI hai aura candra evaM sUrya svarake rUpa meM parivartita ho jAtI hai| - 3. praznakartAke praznAkSaroMse phala batalAnA hai| isa siddhAntakA mUlAdhAra manovijJAna hai, kyoMki vibhinna mAnasika paristhitiyoMke anusAra praznakartA bhinna-bhinna praznAkSaroMkA uccAraNa karate haiM / uccarita praznAkSaroMse mAnasika sthitikA patA lagAkara zubhAzubha phalakA pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai| ina tInoM siddhAntoMkA jainAcAryoMne pratipAdana kiyA hai, para unhoMne vizeSatA praznAkSara vAle siddhAntako dI hai| yaha siddhAnta ukta donoM siddhAntoMse adhika satya aura avyabhicarita

Page #310
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 265 udAharaNake liye mAna liyA jAya ki sau vyakti eka hI sAtha, eka hI samaya aura sthAnameM, praznoMkA uttara pUchane ke liye aaye| isa samayakA prazna lagna sabhI vyaktiyoMkA eka hI hogA, tathA graha bhI prAyaH ekase hI rhegeN| ataH sabhIkA phala sadRzya AyegA / hA~, eka-do sekiNDa yA minaTakA antara par3ane se navamAMsa, dvAdazAMza AdimeM antara A jAyegA, para isa antarase sthUla phalameM vizeSa bhinnatA ghaTita na hogii| praznAkSara vAle siddhAntake anusAra sabhI vyaktiyoMke praznAkSara tulya nahIM hoMgeM / bhinnabhinna mAnasika paristhitiyoMke anusAra, deva, puSpa, phala, nadI, parvata AdikA nAma bhinna-bhinna rUpameM uccarita kreNgeN| ataH sabhIkA phalAdeza pRthak-pRthak hogaa| ___jaina prazna zAstrameM mukhyataH praznAkSaroMsehI phalakA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| isameM lagnAdikA prapaMca nahIM hai / isakA mUlAdhAra manovijJAna hai / bAhya aura Abhyantarika donoM prakArako vibhinna paristhitiyoMke adhIna mAnava manakI bhItarI tahameM jaisI bhAvanAeM chipI rahatI haiM, vaisehI praznAkSara nikalate haiN| manovijJAnake vidvAnoMkA kathana hai ki mastiSkameM kisI bhautika ghaTanA yA kriyAkA uttejana pAkara pratikriyA hotI hai / yahI pratikriyA mAnavake AcaraNameM pradarzita ho jAtI hai; yataH abAdha bhAvAnusaMgase hamAre manake aneka gupta bhAva bhAvI zakti, azaktike rUpameM prakaTa ho jAte haiM, tathA unase samajhadAra vyakti sahaja meM hI manakI dhArA aura usase ghaTita hone vAle phalako samajha letA hai / Adhunika manovijJAnake suprasiddha paMDita phrAyaDake matAnusAra manakI do avasthAe~ haisajJAna aura nirjJAna / sajJAna avasthA aneka prakArase nirjJAna avasthAke dvArA niyantrita hotI rahatI hai / prazna zAstrake anusAra phala, puSpa, nadI, parvata AdikA nAma pUche jAne para mAnava nirjJAna avasthA vizeSake kAraNa hI jhaTita uttara detA hai aura usakA pratibimba sajJAna mAnasika avasthA para par3atA hai| ataeva praznake mUlameM praveza karane para, saMjJAta icchA, asaMjJAtaicchA, antarjAtaicchA aura nitiicchA ye cAra prakArakI icchAe~ milatI haiN| ina icchAoMmeMse asaMjJAta icchA bAdhA pAne para nAnA prakArase vyakta honeko ceSTA karatI hai tathA isI kAraNa ruddha yA avadamita icchAe~bhI prakAza pAtI haiM / yadyapi hama saMjJAta icchAke prakAza kAlameM rUpAntara jAna sakate haiM, kintu saMjJAta yA asaMjJAta icchAke prakAzita honeparabhI haThAt kArya dekhanese use nahIM jAna pAte haiN| vizeSajJa yA jyotiSI praznAkSaroMke vizleSaNasehI asaMjJAta icchAkA patA lagA lete haiM, tathA usase sambaddha bhAvI ghaTanAoMkobhI avagata kara lete haiM / isa siddhAntakA phrAyaDakI dRSTise vivecana karanepara jJAta hotA hai ki mAnava manakA saMcAlana pravRtti mUlaka zaktiyoMse hotA hai, aura ye pravRtiyA~ sadaiva usake manako prabhAvita karatI haiM / manuSyake vyaktitvakA adhikAMza bhAga acetana manake rUpameM hai, jise pravRtiyoMkA azAnta samudra kaha sakate haiN| ina pravRttiyoMmeM pradhAna rUpase kAma aura gauNa rUpase anya icchAoMkI HT uThatI rahatI haiN| manuSyakA dUsarA aMza cetana manake rUpameM hai, jo ghAta-pratighAta karane vAlI kAmanAoMse prAdurbhUta haiM aura unhIMko pratibimbita karatA rahatA hai / buddhi mAnavakA eka pratIka hai, usIke dvArA vaha apanI icchAoMko caritArtha karatA hai / ataH siddha hai ki hamAre vicAra, vizvAsa, kArya aura AcaraNa jIvanameM sthita vAsanAoMkI praticchAyA mAtra haiM / sArAMza 34

Page #311
266 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna yaha hai ki saMjJAta icchA pratyakSa rUpa se praznAkSaroMmeM prakaTa hotI hai, jisase asaMjJAta aura nirjJAta icchAoM kI jAnakArI kI jAtI hai| jainAcAryoMne prazna zastrameM asaMjJAta aura nirjJAta icchA sambandhI siddhAntoMkA pAribhASika zabdAvali dvArA vivecana kiyA hai| ataH adharottara, vargottara evaM varga saMyukta adharottara isa vargatrayake saMyoga dvArA uttarottara, uttarAghara, adharottara, adharAdhara, vargottara, akSarottara, svarottara, guNottara aura Adezottara ina nava bhaMgoM dvArA praznoM ke zubhAzubhatvakA vivecana kiyA hai / vAcika vidhise praznoMkA phala vivecana karane ke sAtha-sAtha mAnasika vidhise praznAkSaroM kI jIva, dhAtu aura mUla saMjJAe~ kalpita kara lAbhA lAbha, jIvana-maraNa, kArya siddhi-asiddhi, prabhUti nAnA tarahake praznoM ke uttara diye gaye haiM / a A i e o aH ka kha ga gha ca cha ja jha TaThaDar3ha yaza ha ye ikkIsa varNa jIvAkSara; u U aM ta tha da dha pa pha ba bha va sa ye teraha varNa dhAtvakSara evaM I ai au na Ga Na na ma ra la Sa ye gyAraha varNa mUlAkSara saMjJaka kahe gaye haiM / praznAkSarAMmeM jIvAkSaroM kI adhikatA hone para jIva sambandhinI cintA, dhAtvaroMkI adhikatA hone para dhAtva sambandhinI cintA aura mUlAkSaroMkI adhikatA hone para mUlAkSara sambandhinI cintA hotI hai / sUkSmatAse phala pratipAdana ke hetu jIvAkSaroMke dvipada, catuSpada, apada aura pAdasaMkula ye cAra bheda kiye haiM / dhAtvakSara aura mUlAkSaroMmeMbhI aneka prakAra ke bheda - prabhedakara praznoMkA phala batalAyA gayA hai / arddhaccUDAmaNisAra, kevala jJAna prazna cUr3AmaNi aura candronmIlana prazna Adi granthoM meM praznAkSaroM ko saMyukta, asaMyukta abhihita, anabhihita aura abhighAtita ina pA~ca vargoM ke sAtha AliMgita, abhidhUmita aura dadha ina tIna kriyA vizeSaNoM meM vibhakta kara praznottara kI vidhi pratipAditako gayI hai / bhaTTavosari aura malliSeNane AyajJAna tilaka aura AyasadbhAva prakaraNa meM praznAkSaroM ko dhvaja, dhUma, siMha, zvAna, vRSa, khara, gaja aura vAyasa saMjJAoM meM vibhaktakara praznoMkA phalAdeza batalAyA hai| prazna praNAlIkA itanA vistAra aura gahana adhyayana anyatra upalabdha nahIM hotA / svapna zAstra evaM nimitta zAstra sambandhI vizeSatAe~ jaina mAnyatAmeM zarIrake svastha rahane para svapna karmodaya ke anusAra ghaTita hone vAle zubhAzubha phalake dyotaka batalAye gaye haiM / svapnakA antaraMga kAraNa jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya aura antarAyake kSayopazamake sAtha mohanIyakA udaya hai / jisa vyakti ke jitanA adhika ina karmoMkA kSayopazama hogA, usa vyakti ke svapnoMkA phalabhI utanA hI adhika satya nikalegA / tIvra karmoke udaya vAle vyaktiyoMke svapna nirarthaka evaM sArahIna hote haiM / isakA mukhya kAraNa jainAcAryoMne' yahI batalAyA hai ki suSuptAvasthAmeM bhI AtmA to jAgRtahI rahatI hai, kevala indriyoM aura manakI zakti vizrAma karaneke lie suSupta sI ho jAtI hai, para jJAnakI ujjvalatAse kSayopazama janma zaktike kAraNa nidrita avasthAmeM jo kucha dekhate haiM, usakA sambandha hamAre bhUta, vartamAna aura bhAvI jIvanase rahatA hai / isa prakAra svapna sambandhI vizeSatAe~ prApta hotI haiM / dRSTa, zruta, anubhUta, prArthita, kalpita, bhAvika aura vikRta ye sAta prakArake svapna vistRta 1. bhadravAha saMhitA, bhAratIya jJAnapITha saMskaraNa, 26 / 3-4 /

Page #312
jyotiSa ebaM gaNita 267 phalAdeza sahita nirUpita kiye gaye haiM / kisa svapnakA phala kitanA kisa avasthAmeM ghaTita hotA hai, isakAbhI vicAra kiyA gayA hai / bAhya nimittoMko dekhakara Age hone vAle iSTAniSTa phalakA nirUpaNa nimitta zAstrameM AyA hai / nimitta zAstra viSayaka svatantra racanAeM jainAcAryoMkIhI upalabdha hotI haiM / jainetara jyotiSameM saMhitA zAstrake antargata nimittake katipaya viSayoMkA vivecana avazya kiyA gayA hai para kucha viSaya aise haiM, jisakA vivecana kevala jaina jyotiSameMhI prApta hotA hai| vyaJjana, aMga, svara, bhauma, chinna, antarikSa , lakSaNa aura svapna ina ATha nimittoMmeMse chinna, lakSaNa aura svarakA jitanA aura jaisA vivecana jaina jyotiSameM pAyA jAtA hai, vaisA anyatra nahIM / antarikSa, aMga, bhauma aura svapnakA saMhitA granthoMmeM kathana AyA hai, para chinna aura svara nimitta ke sambandhameM saMhitA grantha mauna haiN| RSi putra nimitta zAstra, aura bhadravAhu nimitta zAstrake sAtha jJAna dIpikAmeM chinna aura svarakA vistAra pUrvaka nirUpaNa AyA hai / ataeva nimitta varNanakI dRSTi se bhI jaina jyotiSakA pRthak sthAna hai| ___ jyotiSake pratipAdanakA kAraNa batalAte hue bhadravAhu saMhitAke prArambhameM batAyA hai ki muniyoMkI nirvighna caryA, zrAvakoMke kalyANa evaM rAjAoM ke rAjya vyavasthAke parijJAnArtha isa zAstrakA nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai| vItarAgI sAdhu isa zAstrakA adhyayanakara saMghake nirvighna vicaraNa hetu vicAra karate haiM, aura zrAvaka apane kartavya aura dharmake nirvAhake hetu pariveza aura paristhitikA vicAra karate haiM / isa taraha jyotiSakA upayoga dharma, saMskRti aura samAja sevAke liye kiyA gayA hai| varSA evaM kRSi-vijJAna sambandhI vizeSatAe~ jainAcAryoMne jyotiSakA upayoga rASTra sevAke lie bhI kiyA hai / vIra sevA mandira TrasTase prakAzita grantha lokavijayayantra dvArA vRSTi-vijJAna, kRSikI unnati aura pragati, ativRSTi, anAvRSTi, svadezakI sthiti, rASTroMke sAtha sambandha, roga-zokakA bhaya, dhAnyakI utpatti aura vinAza, svacakra-paracakramaya, phasalako naSTa karane vAle roga, Antarika aura pararASTra vidroha AdikA vicAra vistAra pUrvaka kiyA gayA hai / dezakI vibhinna nagara aura grAmoMkI dazAe~ nikAlakara loka vijayayantrako saraNi dvArA phalAdezakA vivecana kiyA hai| nissandeha rASTrIya phalAdezako avagata karaneke lie yaha grantha advitIya hai / jainetara jyotiSameM isa viSayase sambaddha anya koI grantha abhI taka mere dekhane meM nahIM AyA hai| ataeva saMkSepameM siddhAntoMkI pratipAdana prakriyA, unakI vyavahAra vidhi evaM unake vistRta varNana AdikI dRSTise jaina jyotiSakI apanI kucha vizeSatAe~ haiM / 1. bhadravAhu saMhitA, bhAratIya jJAnapITha saMskaraNa 118-14 /

Page #313
jaina jyotiSa sAhitya "jyotiSAM sUryAdigrahANAM bodhakaM zAstra"-sUryAdigraha aura kAlakA bodha karAnevAlA zAstra jyotiSa kahalAtA hai / atyanta prAcIna kAlase AkAza-maNDala mAnavake lie kautUhalakA viSaya rahA hai / sUrya aura candramAse paricita ho jAneke uparAnta tArAoM, grahoM evaM upagrahoMkI jAnakArI bhI mAnavane prApta ko| jaina paramparA batalAtI hai ki Ajase lAkhoM varSa pUrva karma bhUmike prArambhameM prathama kulakara pratizrutike samayameM, jaba manuSyoMko sarvaprathama sUrya aura candramA dikhalAyI par3e, ve to itane sazaMkita hue aura apanI utkaMThA zAnta karaneke lie ukta pratizruti nAmaka kulakara manuke pAsa gye| ukta kulakarane saura jagatakI vyAvahArika jAnakArI batalAyI aura inhIMse logoMne saura maNDalakA jJAna prApta kiyA tathA yahI jJAna lokameM jyotiSake nAmase prasiddha huaa| Agamika paramparA anavachinnarUpase anAdi honepara bhI isa yugameM jyotiSa sAhityakI nIMvakA itihAsa yahIMse Arambha hotA hai| yoM to jo jyotiSa-sAhitya Ajakala upalabdha hai, vaha pratizruti kulakarase lAkhoM varSa pIchekA likhA huA hai / jaina jyotiSa sAhityakA udbhava aura vikAsa-Agamika dRSTise jyotiSa zAstrakA vikAsa vidyAnuvAdaMgameM kiyA gayA hai / SaTakhaMDAgama dhavalATIkA' meM raudra, zveta, maitra, sArabhaTa, daitya, vairocana, vaizvadeva, abhijita, rohaSa, bala, vijaya, naiRtya, varuNa, aryamana aura bhAgya ye pandraha muhUrta Aye haiM / muhUrtoMkI nAmAvalI vIrasena svAmIkI apanI nahIM hai, kintu pUrva paramparAse prApta zlokoMko unhoMne uddhRta kiyA hai / ataH muhUrta carcA paryApta prAcIna hai| ___ praznavyAkaraNameM nakSatroMkI mImAMsA kaI dRSTikoNoMse kI gaI hai| samasta nakSatroMko kula, upakula aura kulopakuloMmeM vibhAjana kara varNana kiyA gayA hai| yaha varNana praNAlI jyotiSake vikAsameM apanA mahattvarUrNa sthAna rakhatI hai / dhaniSThA, uttarAbhAdrapada, azvinI, kRtrikA, mRgazirA, puSya, maghA, uttarA phAlgunI, citrA, vaizAkha, mUla evaM uttarASAr3ha ye nakSatra kulasaMjJaka; zravaNa pUrvAbhAdrapada, revatI, bharaNI, rohaNI, pUnarvasu, azleSA, pUrvAphAlgunI, hasta, svAti, jyeSThA evaM pUrvASAr3hA ye nakSatra upakulasaMjJaka aura abhijita, zatabhiSA, ArdrA evaM anurAdhA kulopakula saMjJaka hai| yaha kulopakulakA vibhAjana pUrNamAsIko honevAle nakSatroMke AdhArapara kiyA gayA hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki zrAvaNa mAsake dhaniSThA, zravaNa aura abhijit bhAdramAsake uttarAbhAdrapada, pUrvAbhAdrapada aura zatabhiSA; AzvinamAsake azvinI aura revatI, kAttikAsake kRttikA aura bharaNI, agahana yA mArgazIrSa mAsake mRgazirA aura rohaNI, pauSa mAsake puSya, punarvasu aura ArdrA, mAghamAsake maghA aura azleSA, phAlgunamAsake uttarAphAlgunI aura pUrvAphAlgunI, caitramAsake citrA aura hasta, vaizAkhamAsake vizAkhA aura svAti, jyeSTha mAsake jyeSThA, mUla aura anurAdhA evaM ASAr3hamAsake uttarASAr3hA aura pUrvASAr3hA nakSatra batAye gaye haiN| 1. dhavalATIkA, jilda 4, pR0 318 / 2. praznavyAkaraNa, 105 /

Page #314
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 269 pratyeka mAsako pUrNamAsIko usa mAsakA prathama nakSatra kulasaMjJaka, dUsarA upakulasaMjJaka aura tIsarA kulopakula saMjJaka hotA hai / isa varNanakA prayojana isa mahInekA phala nirUpaNa karanA hai / isa graMtha meM Rtu, ayana, mAsa, pakSa aura tithi sambandhI carcAeM bhI upalabdha haiM / samavAyAGgameM nakSatroMkI tArAe~, unake dizAdvAra AdikA varNana hai / kahA gayA hai-- "katti AiyA sattaNamavattA puvvadAriyA / marAiyA sattaSamavattA dAhiNadAriA / aNurAhA-iyA sattaNakkhattA / dhANiTThAiyA sattaNakkhattA uttaradAriyA / ' arthAt kRttikA, rohaNI, mRgazirA, ArdrA, punarvasu, puSya aura azleSA ye sAta nakSatra pUrvadvAra, maghA, pUrvAphAlgunI, uttarAphAlgunI, hasta, citrA, svAti aura vizAkhA ye nakSatra dakSiNadvAra, anurAdhA, jyeSTha, mUla, pUrvASAr3hA uttarASAr3hA abhijit aura zravaNa ye sAta nakSatra pazcimadvAra evaM dhaniSThA, zatabhiSA pUrvAbhAdrapada, uttarAbhAdrapada, revatI, azvinI aura bharaNI ye sAta nakSatra uttara dvAravAle haiM / samavAyAMga 1 / 6, 2 / 4, 32, 43, 5 / 8 meM AyI huI jyotiSa carcAe~ mahattvapUrNa haiM | ThANAMga meM candramAke sAtha sparza yoga karane vAle nakSatroMkA kathana kiyA gayA hai| vahA~ batalAyA gayA hai-- kRttikA, rohaNI, punarvasu, maghA, citrA, vizAkhA, anurAdhA, aura jyeSThA ye ATha nakSatra candramAke sAtha sparza yoga karane vAle haiM / isa yogakA phala tithiyoMke anusAra vibhinna prakArakA hotA hai / isI prakAra nakSatroMkI anya saMjJAe~ tathA uttara, pazcima, dakSiNa aura pUrva dizA kI orase candramAke sAtha yoga karanevAle nakSatroMke nAma aura unake phala vistAra pUrvaka batalAye gaye haiM / ThANAMga meM aMgAraka, kAla, lohitAkSa, zanaizcara, kanaka, kanakakanaka, kanaka vitAna, kanaka- saMtAnaka, somahita, AzvAsana, kajjovaga, karvaTa, ayaskara, daMduyana, zaMkha, zaMkhavarNa, indrAgni, dhUmaketu, hari, piMgala, budha, zukra, vRhaspati, rAhu, agasta, bhAnavakra, kAza, sparza, ghura, pramukha, vikaTa, visandhi, vimala, pIpala, jaTilaka, aruNa, agila, kAla, mahAkAla, svastika, sauvAstika, varddhamAna, puSpamAnaka, aMkuza, pralamba, nityaloka, nityodayita, spayaMprabha, usama, zreyaMkara, preyaMkara, AyaMkara, prabhaMkara aparAjita, araja, azoka, vigatazoka, nirmala, vimukha, vitata, vilasta, vizAla, zAla, suvrata, anivartaka, ekajaTI, dvijaTI, karakarIka, rAjagala, puSpaketu evaM bhAvaketu Adi 99 grahoMke nAma batAe gaye haiM / samavAyAMgameM bhI ukta 99 grahoMkA kathana AyA hai / '"egamegassaNaM caMdima sUriyassa laTThAsIi mahaggahA parivAroM" " arthAt eka-eka candra aura sUryake parivAra meM aTThAsI aTThAsI mahAgraha hai / praznavyAkaraNAMga meM sUrya, candra, maMgala, budha, guru, zukra, zani, rAhu aura dhUmaketu ina nau grahoMke sambandha meM prakAza DAlA gayA hai / samavAyAMga meM grahaNa ke kAraNoMkA bhI vivecana milatA hai / isameM rAhuke do bheda batalAye gaye haiM - nitya rAhu aura parvarAhu / nityarAhuko kRSNapakSa aura zuklapakSake kAraNa tathA parva rAhu 1. samavAyAMga, sa0 7, saM0 5 / 2. ThANAMga, pU0 98-1000 / 3. samavAyAMga, sa0 99. 1 / 4. samavAyAMga, sa0 15.3.

Page #315
270 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna ko candragrahaNakA kAraNa mAnA hai| ketu, jisakA dhvajadaNDa suryake dhvajadaNDase U~cA hai, bhramavaza vahI ketu sUryagrahaNakA kAraNa hotA hai| dinavRddhi aura dinahrAsake samambandhameM bhI samavAyAMga meM vicAra-vinimaya kiyA gayA hai| sUrya jaba dakSiNAyanameM niSadhaparvatake abhyAMtara maNDalase nikalatA huA 44 veM maNDala-gamana mArgameM AtA hai, usa samaya 61 muhUrta dina kama hokara rAta bar3hatI hai-isa samaya 24 ghaTIkA dina aura 36 ghaTIkI rAta hotI hai| uttara dizAmeM 44 veM maMDala-gamana mArgapara jaba sUrya AtA hai, taba 63 muhUrta bar3hane lagatA hai aura isa prakAra jaba sUrya 93 veM maNDalapara pahuMcatA hai, to dina paramAdhika 36 ghaTIkA hotA hai / yaha sthiti ASADhIpUrNimAko ghaTatI hai / ' ___ isa prakAra jaina Agama graMthoMmeM Rtu, ayana, dinamAna, dinavRddhi, dinahrAsa, nakSatramAna, nakSatroMkI vividha saMjJAe~, grahoMke maNDala, vimAnoMke svarUpa jaura vistAra, grahoMkI AkRtiyoM AdikA phuTakara rUpameM varNana milatA hai| yadyapi Agama graMthoMkA saMgrahakAla I0 san kI Arambhika zatAbdI yA usake pazcAt hI vidvAn mAnate haiM, kintu jyotiSakI uparyukta carcAe~ paryApta prAcIna haiM / inhIM maulika mAnyatAoMke AdhArapara jaina jyotiSake siddhAntoMko grIkapUrva siddha kiyA gayA hai / aitihAsajJa vidvAn gaNita jyotiSa se bhI phalita ko prAcIna mAnate haiM / ataH apane kAryoM kI siddhi ke liye samayazuddhi kI AvazyakatA Adima-mAnava ko bhI rahI hogI / isI kAraNa jaina Agama granthoM meM phalita jyotiSake bIja-tithi nakSatra, yoga, karaNa, vAra, samayazuddhi, dinazuddhi AdikA carcAeM vidyamAna haiN| jaina jyotiSa-sAhityakA sAMgopAMga paricaya prApta karaneke liye nimna cAra kAlakhaNDoMmeM vibhAjita kara hRdayagama karane meM saralatA hogii| AdikAla-I0 pU0 300 meM 600 I0 taka / pUrvamadhyakAla-601 I0 se0 1000 I0 taka / uttara madhyakAla-1001 I0 se 1700 I0 taka / arvAcIna kAla-1701 se 1960 I0 taka / AdikAlakI racanAoM meM sUrya prajJapti, candraprajJapti, aMgavijyA, lokavijayayantra evaM jyotiSkaraNDaka Adi ullekhanIya hai| sUryaprajJapti prAkRta bhASA meM likhita eka prAcIna racanA hai / isapara malayagirikI saMskRta TIkA hai| I0 san se do dau varSa pUrvakI yaha racanA nirvivAda siddha hai / isameM paMcavarSAtmaka yuga mAnakara tithi, nakSatrAdikA sAdhana kiyA gayA hai / bhagavAna mahAvIrakI zAsana tithi zrAvaNakRSNa pratipadAse, jabaki candramA abhijit nakSatrapara rahatA hai, yugArambha mAnA gayA hai| 1. vahirAo uttarAaSaM kaTThAo sUrie paThamaM ayamANe coyAlisa ime maMDalagate aTThAsIti egasaTThi bhAge muhuttassa divasakhettasa mivuDar3he ttA rayaNikhettassa aminivuThettA sUrie cAraM carai-sa0 92-7 / 2. candAbAI abhinandana granthake antargata 'grIkapUrva jaina jyotiSa vicAradhArA' zIrSaka nibandha, pR0 462 /

Page #316
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 271 sUryaprajJapti meM sUrya ke gamanamArga, Ayu, parivAra Adike pratipAdanake sAtha paMcavarSAtmika yuga ke ayanoMke nakSatra, tithi aura mAsakA varNana bhI kiyA gayA hai / candraprajJaptikA viSaya prAyaH sUryaprajJapti ke samAna hai / viSayakI apekSA yaha sUryaprajJapti se adhika mahattvapUrNa hai isameM sUryakI pratidina kI yojanAtmikA gati nikAlI gayI hai tathA uttarAyaNa aura dakSiNAyanakI vIthiyoMkA alaga-alaga vistAra nikAla kara sUrya aura candra kI gati niz-i cata kI gaI hai / isake caturtha prAbhRta meM candra aura sUryakA saMsthAna tathA tApakSetrakA saMsthAna vistAra se batAyA gayA hai / isameM samacatusra Adi vibhinna AkAroMkA khaNDana kara solaha vIthiyoMmeM candramAko samacatusra gola AkAra batAyA gayA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki suSamA * suSama kAlake AdimeM zrAvaNakRSNa pratipadAke dina jambUdvIpakA prathama sUrya pUrva dakSiNa-agnikoNameM aura dvittIya candramA pazcima-dakSiNa naiRtya koNa meM calA / ataeva yugAdimeM sUrya aura candramA kA samacatusra saMsthAna thA, para udaya hote samaya graha vartulAkara nikale, ataH candramA aura sUryakA AkAra ardhakapITha ardha samacatusra gola batAyA gayA hai / candraprajJapti meM chAyA sAdhana kiyA gayA hai aura chAyA pramANaparase dinamAna bhI nikAlA gayA hai / jyotiSakI dRSTise yaha viSaya bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai / yahA~ prazna kiyA gayA hai ki jaba ardhapuruSa pramANa chAyA ho, usa samaya kitanA dina vyatIta huA aura kitanA zeSa rahA ? isakA uttara dete hue kahA hai ki aisI chAyA kI sthiti meM dinamAnakA tRtIyAMza vyatIta huA samajhanA cAhie / yahA~ vizeSatA itanI hai ki yadi dopahara ke pahale ardhapuruSa pramANa chAyA ho to dinakA tRtIya bhAga gat aura do tihAI bhAga avazeSa tathA dopaharake bAda ardhapuruSa pramANa chAyA ho to do tihAI bhAga pramANa dina gata aura eka bhAga pramANa dina zeSa samajhanA caahie| puruSa pramANa chAyA honepara dinakA cauthAI bhAga gata aura eka bhAga pramANa dina zeSa samajhanA cAhie / puruSa pramANa chAyA honepara dinakA cauthAI bhAga gat aura tIna cauthAI bhAga zeSa, Der3ha puruSa pramANa chAyA hone para dinakA paMcama bhAga gata aura cAra paMcama bhAga (bhAga) avazeSa dina samajhanA cAhie' ihe graMtha meM sola, trikoNa, lambI, caukora vastuoMkI chAyA parase dinamAna kA Ayana kiyA gayA hai / candramAke sAtha tIsa muhUrtta taka yoga karane vAle zravaNa, dhaniSThA, pUrvAbhAdrapada, revatI, azvinI, kRttikA, mRgadhira, puSya, maghA, pUrvAphAlgunI, hasta, citrA, anurAdhA, mUla aura pUrvASAr3ha ye pandraha nakSatra batAe gaye haiM / paiMtAlIsa muhUrtta taka candramAke sAtha yoga karane vAle uttarA bhAdrapada, rohaNI, punarvasu, uttarAphAlgunI, vizAkhA, aura uttarASAr3hA ye chaH nakSatra evaM pandraha muhUrtta taka candramAke sAtha yoga karane vAle zatabhiSA, bharaNI, ArdrA, azleSA, svAti aura jyeSThA ye chaH nakSatra batAye gaye haiM / candra prajJaptike 19 veM prAbhRtameM candramA ko svataH prakAzamAna batalAyA hai tathA isake ghaTane bar3hanekA kAraNa bhI spaSTa kiyA hai / 19 veM prAbhRta meM pRthvI talase sUryAdi grahoMkI U~cAI batalAyI gayI hai / -- jyotiSkaraNDa eka mahattvapUrNa grantha hai / isameM ayamAdike kathanake sAtha nakSatra lagnakA bhI nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / yaha lagna nirUpaNakI praNAlI sarvathA navIna aura maulika hai:1. gae vA sese vA jAva caU bhAga gae sese vA / candra prajJapti 9-5 2. aMgavijjA 10 206-209 /

Page #317
272 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna laggaM ca dakkhiNAya visuve suvi assa uttaraM ayaNe / laggaM sAIvi suvesu paMcasu vi dakkhiNe ayaNe | arthAt azvinI aura svAti ye nakSatra viSuva ke lagna batAye gaye haiM / jisa prakAra nakSatroM kI viziSTa avasthAko rAzi kahA jAtA hai, usI prakAra yahA~ nakSatroMkI viziSTa avasthAko lagna batAyA gayA hai| isa grantha meM kRttikAdi, dhaniSThAdi bharaNyAdi, zravaNAdi evaM abhijit Adi nakSatra gaNanAoM kI vivecanAkI gayI hai / jyotiSkaraNDakA racanAkAla I0 pU0 300 ke lagabhaga hai / viSaya aura bhASA donoM hI dRSTiyoMse yaha grantha mahattvapUrNa hai / aMgavijjAkA racanAkAla kuSANa- gupta yugakA sandhikAla mAnA gayA hai| zarIrake lakSaNoM se athavA anya prakArake nimitta yA cinhoMse kisIke lie zubhAzubha phala kA kathana karanA hI isa granthakA varNya viSaya hai / isa grantha meM kula sATha adhyAya haiM / lambe adhyAyoMkA mAhAtmya prabhRtti viSayoMkA vivecana kiyA hai| gRhapraveza, yAtrArambha, vastra, yAna, dhAnya, caryA, ceSTA Adi dvArA zubhAzubha phalakA kathana kiyA gayA hai / pravAsI ghara kaba aura kaisI sthiti meM lauTakara AyegA, isakA vicAra 45 veM adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai / 52 veM adhyAyameM indra dhanuSa, vidyuta, candragraha, nakSatra, tArA, udaya, astra, amAvasvA, pUrNamAsI maDaMla, vIthI, yuga, saMvatsara, Rtu, mAsa, pakSa, kSaNa, lava muhUrta, ulkApAta, dizAdAha Adi nimittoMse phalakathana kiyA gayA hai / sattAIsa nakSatra aura unase hone vAle zubhAzubha phalakA bhI vistAra se ullekha hai / saMkSepameM isa granthameM aSTAMga nimittakA vistArapUrvaka vibhinna dRSTiyoMse kathana kiyA gayA hai / lokavijaya-yantra bhI eka prAcIna jyotiSa racanA hai / yaha prAkRta bhASAmeM 30 gAthAoM meM likhA gayA hai / isameM pradhAnarUpa se subhikSa, durbhikSakI jAnakArI batalAyI gayI hai / ArambhameM maMgalAcaraNa karate hue kahA hai : -- paNa maya payAraviMde tiloyanAhassa jagapaIvassa / pucchAmi loyavijayaM jaMtaM jaMtUNa siddhikayaM // jagatpati - nAbhirAya ke putra trilokanAtha RSabhadevake caraNa kamaloMmeM pramANa karake jIvoM kI siddhike liye lokavijayayantrakA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / kRSizAstra kI dRSTi se bhI graMtha mahattvapUrNa hai / kAlakAcArya:- yaha bhI nimitta aura jyotiSa ke prakANDa vidvAn the / inhoMne apanI pratibhAse zakulake sAhiko svavaza kiyA thA tathA gardabhillako daNDa diyA thA / jaina paramparA meM jyotiSa ke pravartakoM meM inakA mukhya sthAna hai, yadi yaha AcArya nimitta aura saMhitAkA nirmANa na karate, to uttaravartI jaina lekhaka jyotiSako pApa zruta samajhakara achUtA hI chor3a dete / varAhamihira ne vRhajjAtakameM kAlaka saMhitAkA ullekha kiyA hai / inake mata se grahoMkA kendra samaMru parvata hai, yaha nitya gatizIla hote hue merukI pradakSiNA karate rahate haiM / cauthe adhyAya meM graha-nakSatra prakIrNaka aura tAroMkA bhI varNana kiyA hai / 1. bhAratIya jyotiSa, pR0 107

Page #318
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 273 pUrvamadhyakAlameM gaNita aura phalita donoM hI prakArake jyotiSakA yatheSTa vikAsa huaa| isameM RSiputra, mahAvIrAcArya, candrasena, zrIdhara prabhati jyotirvidoM ne apanI amUlya racanAoMke dvArA sAhitya kI zrI vRddhikii| bhadrabAhuke nAmapara arhaccUDAmaNisAra nAmaka eka praznazAstra sambandhI 74 prAkRta gAthAoMmeM racanA upalabdha hai / yaha racanA caturdaza pUrvadhara bhadrabAhukI hai, isameM to sandeha hai / hameM aisA lagatA hai ki yaha bhadrabAhu varAhamihirake bhAI the, ataH saMbhava hai ki isa kRtike lekhaka yaha dvitIya bhadrabAhu hI hoMgeM / ArambhameM varNokI saMjJAe~ batalAyI gayI hai / a i e o, ye cAra svaraM tathA ka ca Ta ta pa ya za ga ja Da da ba la sa ya caudaha vyaMjana AliMgita saMjJaka hai| inakA subhaga, uttara aura sakaMTa nAma bhI hai / A I ai au, ye cAra svara tathA kha cha Tha tha pha e Sa dha ma Dha, dha bha va ha ye caudaha vyaMjana dagdha saMjJaka hai / inakA vikaTa, saMkaTa, adhara aura azubha nAma bhI hai / praznameM sabhI AliMgita akSara hoM, to praznakartAko kArya siddhi hotI hai / praznAkSaroMke dagdha honepara bhI kAryasiddhikA vinAza hotA hai| uttara saMjJaka vyaMjanoMmeM saMyukta honese uttaratama aura uttarAdhara tathA adhara svaroMse saMyukta honepara uttara aura adhara saMjJaka hote haiN| adhara saMjJaka svara dagdhasaMjJaka vyaMjanoMmeM saMyukta honepara adharAparatara saMjJaka hote haiM / dagdhasaMjJaka svara dagdhasaMjJaka vyaMjanoMse milanese dagdhatama saMjJaka hote hai| ina saMjJAoMke pazcAt phalAphala nikAlA gayA hai / jaya-parAjaya, lAbhAlAbha, jIvana-maraNa AdikA vivecana bhI kiyA gayA hai| isa choTIsI kRtimeM bahuta kucha niddha kara diyA gayA hai| isa kRtikI bhASA mahArASTrI prAkRta hai / isameM madhyavartI ka ga aura ta ke sthAnapara ya zruti pAyA gayI hai| karalakkhaNa-yaha sAmudrika zAstrakA choTAsA grantha hai| isameM rekhAoMkA mahattva, strI aura puruSake hAthoMke vibhinna lakSaNa, aMguliyoMke bIcake antarAla, parvoke phala, maNibandha, vidyArekhA, kula, dhana, urdhva, sammAna, samRddhi, Ayu, dharma, vrata Adi rekhAoMkA varNana kiyA hai / bhAI, bahana, santAna Adiko dyotaka rekhAoMke varNanake uparAnta aMguSThake adhobhAgameM rahane vAle yavakA vibhinna paristhitiyoMmeM pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / yavakA yaha prakaraNa nau gAthAoM meM pAyA jAtA hai / isa granthakA uddezya granthakArane svayaM hI spaSTa kara diyA hai / iyaM karalakkhaNameyaM samAsao daMsiaM jijnnss| puvAyariehiM NaraM parikkhauNaM vayaM dijjA // 61 / / yatiyoMke lie saMkSepameM karalakSaNoMkA varNana kiyA gayA hai / ina lakSaNoM dvArA vrata grahaNa karanevAlekI parIkSA kara lenI cAhie / jaba ziSyameM pUrI yogyatA ho, vratoMkA nirvAha kara sake tathA vratI jIvanako prabhAvaka banA sake, tabhI use vratoMkI dIkSA denI caahie| ataH spaSTa hai ki isa graMthakA uddezya janakalyANake sAtha navAgata ziSyakI parIkSA karanA hI hai / isakA pracAra bhI sAdhuoMmeM rahA hogaa| RSiputrakA nAma bhI prathama zreNIke jyotirvidoM meM parigaNita hai / inheM gargakA putra bhI kahA gayA hai / garga muni jyotiSake dhurandhara vidvAn the, isameM koI sandeha nahIM / inake sambandhameM likhA milatA hai| 1. mahacUr3AmaNisAra, gAthA 10-8 / 35

Page #319
274 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna jaina AsIjagavaMdyo garganAmA mahAmuniH / tena svayaM nirNIta yaM satpAzAstra kevalI // etajjJAnaM mahAjJAnaM jainarSibhirudAhRtam / prakAzya zuddhazIlAya kulInAya mahAtmanA / sambhavataH inhIM gargake vaMzameM RSiputra hue hoNge| inakA nAma hI isa bAtakA sAkSI hai ki kisI RSike vaMzaja the athavA kisI munike AzIrvAdase utpanna hue the / RSiputrakA eka nimitta zAstra hI upazalabdha hai| inake dvArA racI gaI eka saMhitAkA bhI eka madanaratna nAmaka granthameM ullekha milatA hai| RSiputrake uddharaNa vRhatsaMhitAkI mahotpalI TIkAmeM upalabdha hai| RSiputrakA samaya varAhamihirake pahale honA cAhie / yataH RSiputrakA prabhAva varAhamihirapara spaSTa hai / yahA~ do eka udAharaNa dekara spaSTa kiyA jAyagA / sasalohivaNNahovari saMkUNa itti hoi nnaaybbo| saMgAmaM puMNa dhoraM khaggaM sUro NivedaI / / -RSiputra nimittazAstra ziza rUdhikaranibhe bhAno nabhasthale bhavanti sNgraamaaH| -varAhamihira apane nimitta zAstrameM pRthvIpara dikhAI denevAle, AkAzameM dRSTigocara honevAle aura vibhinna prakArake zabda zravaNa dvArA pragaTa hone vAle ina tona prakArake nimittoM dvArA phalAphala kA acchA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| varSotpAta, devotpAta, rAjotpAta, ulkotpAta, gandharvotpAda ityAdi aneka utpAdoM dvArA zubhAzubhatvakI mImAMsA bar3e sundara DhaMgasekI hai| lagnazuddhi yA lagnakuMDikA nAmakI racanA haribhadrako milatI hai| haribhadra darzana, kathA aura Agama zAstrake bahuta bar3e vidvAn the / inakA samaya AThavIM zatI mAnA jAtA hai| inhoMne 1440 prakaraNa-graMtha race haiN| inakI aba taka 88 racanAoMkA patA muni jina-vijayajIne lagAyA hai / inakI 26 racanAeM prakAzita ho cukI haiM / ___lagnazuddhi prAkRta bhASAmeM likhI gayI jyotiSa racanA hai| isameM lagnake phala, dvAdaza bhAvoMke nAma, unase vicAraNIya viSaya, lagnake sambandhameM grahoMkA phala, grahoMkA svarUpa, navAMza, uccAMza AdikA kathana kiyA gayA hai| jAtakazAstra yA horAzAstrakA yaha grantha hai| upayogitAkI dRSTise isakA adhika mahattva hai| grahoMke bala tathA lagnakI sabhI prakArase zuddhipApagrahoMkA abhAva, zubhagrahoMkA sadabhAva varNita hai| ___ mahAvIrAcArya-ye dhurandhara gaNitajJa the / ye rASTrakUTa vaMzake amoghavarSa nRpatuMgake samayameM hue the / ataH inakA samaya I0 san 850 mAnA jAtA hai| inhoMne jyotiSa-paTala aura gaNitasAra-saMgraha nAmake jyotiSa graMthoMkI racanAkI hai| ye donoM hI grantha gaNitajyotiSake haiM ? ina granthoMse inakI vidvatAkA jJAna sahaja hI meM AMkA jA sakatA hai| gaNitasArake prArambhameM gaNitakI prazaMsA karate hue batAyA hai ki gaNitake binA saMsArake kisI bhI zAstrakI jAnakArI nahIM ho sakatI hai / kAmazAstra, gAndharva, nATaka, sUpazAstra, vAstuvidyA, chandazAstra,

Page #320
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 275 alaMkAra, kAvya, tarka, vyAkaraNa, kalA prabhRtikA yathArtha jJAna gaNitake binA sambhava nahIM hai; ataH gaNita vidyA sarvopari hai / isa graMthameM saMjJAdhikAra, parikarmavyavahAra, kalAsavarNavyavahAra, prakIrNavyavahAra, trairAzikavyavahAra, mizrakavyavahAra, kSetra-gaNita vyavahAra, khAtavyavahAra evaM chAyAvyavahAra nAmake prakaraNa hai / mizrakavyavahArameM samakuTTIkaraNa, viSamakuTTIkaraNa aura mizrakuTTIkaraNa Adi aneka prakArake gaNita haiN| pATIgaNita aura rekhAgaNitakI dRSTi se isameM aneka vizeSatAeM haiM / isake kSetravyavahAra prakaraNa meM Ayatako varga aura vargako vRttameM pariNita karaneke siddhAnta diye gaye haiM / samatribhuja, viSamatribhuja, samakoNa, caturbhuja, viSamakoNa, caturbhuja, vRttakSetra, sUcI vyAsa, paMcabhujakSetra evaM bahubhuja kSetroMkA kSetraphala tathA ghanaphala nikAlA gayA hai / jyotiSapaTalameM grahoMke cAra kSetra, sUryake maNDala, nakSatra aura tArAoMke saMsthAna, gati, sthiti aura saMkhyA AdikA pratipAdana kiyA hai / candrasena ke dvArA 'kevalajJAna horA' nAmaka mahatvapUrNa vizAlakAya grantha likhA gayA hai / yaha grantha kalyANavarmAke pIche racA gayA pratIta hotA hai / isake prakaraNa sArAvalose milate julate haiM para dakSiNameM racanA hone ke kAraNa karNATaka pradezake jyotiSakA pUrNa prabhAva hai / inhoMne granthake viSayako spaSTa karane ke liye bIca-bIca meM krannar3a bhASAkA bhI Azraya liyA hai| yaha anya anumAnataH cAra hajAra zlokoM meM pUrNa huA hai / granthake prArambhameM kahA hai horA nAma mahAvidyA vaktavyaM ca bhavaddhitam / jyotirjJAnakasAraM bhUSaNaM budhapoSaNam / / inhoMne apanI prazaMsA bhI pracura parimANameMkI hai| AgamaH sadRzo jainaH candrasena samo muniH / kevalI sadRzI vidyA durlabhA sacarAcare / isa granthameM hemakaraNa, dAmyaprakaraNa, zilAprakaraNa, mRttikAprakaraNa vRkSaprakaraNa, kArpAsagulma-valkala-tRNa-roma-carma-paTaprakaraNa, saMkhyAprakaraNa, naSTadravya prakaraNa, nirvAha prakaraNa, apatyaprakaraNa, lAbhAlAbhaprakaraNa, svaraprakaraNa, svapanaprakaraNa, vAstu prakaraNa, bhojana prakaraNa, dehalohadIkSA prakaraNa, aMjanavidyA prakaraNa evaM viSa vidyA prakaraNa Adi haiM / granthake AdyopAnta dekhanese avagata hotA hai ki yaha saMhitAviSayaka racanA hai, horA viSayaka nhiiN| zrISara-ye jyotiSa zAstrake marmajJa vidvAn haiN| inakA samaya dazavIM zatIkA antima bhAga hai / ye karNATaka prAntake nivAsI the| inakI mAtAkA nAma abbokA aura pitAkA nAma baladeva zarmA thaa.| inhoMne bacapana meM apane pitAse ho saMskRta aura kannar3a sAhityakA adhyayana kiyA thaa| prArambhameM ye zaiva the, kintu bAdameM jaina. dharmAnuyAyI ho gaye the| inakI gaNitasAra aura jyotirjJAnavidhi saMskRta bhASA tathA jAtakatilaka kannar3a-bhASAmeM racanAeM haiN| gaNitasArameM abhinna guNaka, bhAgahAra, varga, vargamUla, ghana, ghanamUla, bhinna, samaccheda, bhAgajAti, prabhAgajAti, bhAgAnubandha, bhAgamAtrajAti, rAzika, saptarAzika, navarAzika, bhANDapratibhANDa, mizrakavyavahAra, bhAvyakavyavahAra, ekapatrIkaraNa, survaNagaNita, prakSepaka, gaNita, samakraya vikraya,

Page #321
276 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna zreNIvyavahAra, kSetravyavahAra, khAtavyavahAra, citrivyavahAra, kASThakavyavahAra, rAzivyavahAra evaM chAyAvyavahAra Adi gaNitoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / jyotirjJAnavidhi prArambhika jyotiSakA grantha hai| isameM vyavahAropayogI mahUrta bhI diye gaye haiM / ArambhameM saMvatsaroMke nAma, nakSatra, nAma, yogakaraNa nAma tathA unake zubhAzubhatva diye gaye haiN| isameM mAsazeSa, mAsAdhipatizeSa, dinazeSa evaM dinAdhipati zeSa Adi gaNitAnayanakI adbhuta prakriyAeM batAyI gayI haiM / jAtakatilaka kannar3a-bhASAmeM likhita horA yA jAtakazAstra sambandhI racanA hai| isa graMthameM lagna, graha, grahayoga evaM janmakuNDalI sambandhI phalAdezakA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / dakSiNa bhAratameM isa graMthakA adhika pracAra hai / candronmIlana prazna bhI eka mahattvapUrNa praznazAstrakI racanA hai / isa graMthake kartAke sambandhameM bhI kucha jJAta nahIM hai / graMthako dekhanese yaha avagata avazya hota. hai ki isa prazna praNAlIkA pracAra khUba thaa| praznakartAke praznavarNoMkA saMyukta, asaMyukta, abhihata, anabhihata, abhighAtita, abhidhUmita, AliMgita aura dagdha ina saMjJAoMmeM vibhAjana kara praznoMkA uttarameM candronmIlanakA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| "proktaM candronmIlanaM zuklavastrastaccAzuddham" isase jJAta hotA hai ki yaha praNAlI lokapriya thii| candronmIlana nAmakA jo grantha upalabdha hai, vaha sAdhAraNa hai| uttaramadhyamakAlameM phaliya jyotiSakA bahuta vikAsa huA / muhUrtajAtaka, saMhitA, prazna sAmudrikazAstra prabhRti viSayoMkI aneka mahattvapUrNa racanAe~ likhI gayI haiM / isa yugameM sarvaprathama aura prasiddha jyotiSI gurudeva hai| durgadevake nAmase yoM to aneka racanAeM milatI haiM, para do racanAe~ pramukha haiM-riTThasamuccaya aura ardhakANDa / durgadevakA samaya san 1032 mAnA gayA hai / riThThasamuccayakI racanA apane guru saMyamadevake vacanAnusArakI hai / granthameM eka sthAnapara saMyamadevake gurU saMyamasena aura unake gurU mAdhavacandra batAe gae haiN| riTThasamuccaya zaurasenI prAkRtame 261 gAthAoMmeM racA gayA hai / isameM zakuna aura zubhAzubha nimittoMkA saMkalana kiyA gayA hai / lekhakane riSToMke piNDastha, padastha aura rUpastha nAmaka tIna bheda kiye haiN| prathama zreNImeM aMguliyoMkA TUTanA, netrajyotikI hInatA, rasajJAnakI nyUnatA, netroMse lagAtAra jalapravAha evaM jihvA na dekha sakanA Adiko parigaNita kiyA hai| dvitIya zreNImeM sUrya aura candramAkA anekoM rUpoMmeM darzana, prajvalita dIpakako zItala anubhava karanA, candramAko tribhaMgI rUpameM dekhanA, candralAMchanakA darzana na honA ityAdiko grahaNa kiyA hai / tRtIyameM nijachAyA, paracchAyA tathA chAyApuruSakA varNana hai| praznAkSara, zakuna aura svapana AdikA bhI vistAra pUrvaka varNana kiyA gayA hai| ___ ardhakANDameM tejI-mandIkA graha yogake anusAra vicAra kiyA gayA hai / yaha grantha bhI 149 prAkRta gAthAoMmeM likhA gayA hai| mallisena-saMskRta aura prAkRta donoM bhASAoMke prakANDa vidvAn the| inake pitAkA nAma jinasena sUri thA, ye dakSiNa bhAratake dhAravADa jileke antargata gadagatAlukA nAmaka sthAnake

Page #322
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 277 rahane vAle the| inakA samaya I0 san 1043 mAnA gayA hai| inakA AyasadbhAva nAmaka jyotiSa grantha upalabdha hai / ArambhameM hI kahA gayA hai / sagrIvAdimunIndraH racitaM zAstraM yadAyasadbhAvam / tatsampratyArthAbhirviracyate malliSeNena // dhvajadhUmasiMhamaNDala vRSazvaragajavAyasA bhavantayAyAH / jJAyante te vidvadbhirihaikottaragaNanayA cASTau / ina uddharaNoMse spaSTa hai ki inake pUrva bhI sugrIva Adi jaina muniyoMke dvArA isa viSaya kI aura racanAeM bhI huI thIM, unhIMke sArAMzako lekara AyasadbhAvakI racanA kI gaI hai / isa kRtimeM 195 AryAe~ aura antameM eka gAthA, isa taraha kula 196 padya haiN| isameM dhvaja, dhUma, siMha maNDala, vRSa, khara, gaja aura vAyasa ina AThoM AryoMke svarUpa aura phalAdeza baNita hai| bhaTTavosari-AyajJAnatilaka nAmaka granthake racayitA digambarAcArya dAmanandIke ziSya bhaTTavosari hai / yaha prazna-zAstrakA mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| isameM 25 prakaraNa aura 415 gAthAeM haiM / granthakartAko svopajJa vRtti bhI hai| dAmanandIkA ullekha zravaNavelgolake zilAlekha naM0 55 meM pAyA jAtA hai / ye prabhAcandrAcAryake sadharmA yA guru bhAI the| ataH inakA samaya vikrama saMvatkI 11 vIM zatI hai aura bhaTTavosarikA bhI inhIMke Asa-pAsakA samaya hai / isa pranyameM dhvaja, dhUma, siMha, gaja, khara, zvAna, vRSa, dhvAMsa ina AThoM AryoM dvArA praznoMke phalAdezakA vistRta vivecana kiyA hai| isameM kArya-akArya, hAni-lAbha, jaya-parAjaya, siddhi-asiddhi AdikA vicAra vistArapUrvaka kiyA gayA hai| prazna zAstrakI dRSTise yaha grantha atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai| udayaprabhadeva-inake gurukA nAma vijayasena sUri thaa| inakA samaya I0 san 1220 batAyA jAtA hai| inhoMne jyotiSa viSayaka Arambha siddhi aparanAma vyavahAra caryA granthakI racanA kI hai| isa granthapara vi0 sa0 1544 meM ratnazekharasUrike ziSya hemahaMsagaNine eka vistRta TIkA likhI hai| isa TIkAmeM inhoMne muhUrta sambandhI sAhityakA acchA saMkalana kiyA hai / lekhakane granthake prArambhameM granthoktaH adhyAyoMkA saMkSipta nAmakaraNa nimna prakAra diyA hai| daivajJadIpakAlikAM vyavahAracaryAmArambhasiddhimudayaprabhadevAnAm zAstikrameNa tithivAramayogarAzi gocaryakAryagamavAstuvilagnabhiH / hemahaMsagaNine vyavahAracaryA nAmakI sArthakatA dikhalAte hue likhA hai "vyavahAra ziSTajanasamAcAraH zubhatithivAramAdiSu zubhakAryakaravAdirUpastasyacaryA / " yaha grantha muhUrta cintAmaNike samAna upayogI aura pUrNa hai| muhUrta viSayakI jAnakArI isa akele granthake adhyayanase kI jA sakatI hai| rAjAditya-inake pitAkA nAma zrIpati aura mAtAkA nAma vasantA thaa| inakA janma koMDimaNDalake "yUvinabAga" nAmaka sthAnameM huA thaa| inake nAmAntara rAjavarma, bhAskara 1. prazasti saMgraha, prathama bhAga, saMpAdaka-jugalakizora mukhtAra, prastAvanA, pR0 95-96 tathA purAtana vAkya sUcIko prastAvanA, pR0 101-102 /

Page #323
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAnaM aura vAcirAja batAye jAte haiM / ye viSNuvardhana rAjAkI sabhAke pradhAna maNDita the ataH inakA samaya san 1120 ke lagabhaga hai / yaha kavi hone ke sAtha-sAtha gaNita aura jyotiSake mAne hue vidvAn the / 'karNATaka kavi carite' ke lekhakakA kathana hai ki kannar3a sAhitya meM gaNitakA grantha likhane vAlA yaha sabase bar3A vidvAn thA / inake dvArA racita vyavahAra gaNita, kSetragaNita, vyavahAraratana tathA jaina- gaNita sUtraTIkodAharaNa aura lIlAvatI ye gaNita grantha upalabdha haiM / 278 padam prabha sUri-nAgaurakI tapAgacchIya paTTAvalIse patA calatA hai ki ye vAdideva sUrike ziSya the / inhoMne bhuvanadIpaka yA grahabhAvaprakAza nAmaka jyotiSakA grantha likhA hai / isa grantha para siMhatilaka sUrine vi saM0 1306 meM eka vivRti likhI haiM / " jaina - sAhitya no itihAsa" nAmaka granthameM inhoMne inake gurukA nAma vivudhaprabha sUri batAyA hai / bhuvanadIpakakA racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1244 hai / yaha grantha choTA hote hue bhI atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai isameM 36 dvAra prakaraNa haiM / rAzi svAmI, uccanIcadatva, mitra-zatru, rAhukA graha, ketusthAna, grahoMke svarUpa, dvAdaza bhAvoMse vicAraNIya bAteM iSTakAlajJAna, lagna sambandhI vicAra, vinaSTagraha, rAjayogakA kathana, lAbhAlAbha vicAra, lagnezakI sthitikA phala, prazna dvArA garbha vicAra, prazna dvArA prasavajJAna, yamajavicAra, mRtyuyoga, caurya jJAna, dreSkANAdike phaloMkA vicAra vistArase kiyA hai / isa grantha meM kula 170 zloka haiM / isakI bhASA saMskRta hai / naracandra upAdhyAya--ye kAsa duhagacchake siMhasUrake ziSya the / inhoMne jyotiSa zAstra ke kaI granthoMkI racanA kI hai| vartamAnameM inake ber3A jAtaka vRtti, praznazataka, prazna caturviMzatikA, janmasamudra TIkA, lagnavicAra aura jyotiSa prakAza upalabdha haiM / naracandra saM0 1324 meM mAgha sudI 8 ravivArako ber3AjAtaka vRttikI racanA 1050 zloka prabhAva meM kI hai / jJAnadIpikA nAmakI eka anya racanA bhI inakI mAnI jAtI hai / jyoti prakAza, saMhitA aura jAtaka sambandhI mahattvapUrNa racanA hai / aTThakavi yA arhadAsa--ye jaina brAhmaNa the / inakA samaya I0 san 1300 ke AsapAsa hai / arhadAsa ke pitA nAgakumAra the / arhadAsa kannar3a bhASAke prakANDa vidvAn the / inhoMne kannar3ase aTThagata nAmaka jyotiSakA mahatvapUrNa grantha likhA hai / zaka saMvatkI caudahavI zatAbdI meM bhAskara nAmake Andhra kavine isa granthakA telagU bhASAmeM anuvAda kiyA thA / aTThamata meM varSA ke cihna, Akasmika lakSaNa, zakuna, vAyucakra, gRhapraveza, bhUkUmpa, bhUjAtaphala, utpAta, lakSaNa, pariveSalakSaNa, indradhanurlakSaNa, prathamagarbhalakSaNa, droNasaMkhyA, vidyutalakSaNa, pratisUryalakSaNa, saMvatsaraphala, grahadveSa, meghoM ke nAma, kulavarNa, dhvanivicAra, dezavRSTi, mAsaphala, rAhucandra 14 nakSatraphala, saMkrAnti phala Adi viSayoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / mahendrasUri---ye bhRgupura nivAsI madana sUrike ziSya phiroja zAha tugalakane pradhAna sabhApaNDita the / inhoMne nAr3Ivratake dharAtalameM golapRSThastha sabhI vRtoMkA pariNamana karake 1 abhUdbhugapure vare gaNakacakracUr3AmaNi : kRtI nRpati saMstuto madanasUrinAmA guruH tadIyapadazAlinA viracite suyantrAgame, mahendraguruNoddhRtAjani vicAraNA yantrajA / yantrarAja, a0 5 zloka 67 |

Page #324
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 279 yantrarAja nAmaka graha gaNitakA upayogI grantha likhA hai| inake ziSya malayendu sarine isapara sodAharaNa TIkA likhI hai / isa granthameM paramAkrakti 23 aMza 35 kalA mAnI gayI hai| isakI racanA zaka saMvat 1292 meM huI hai| isameM gaNitAdhyAya, yantraghaTanAghyAya, yantraracanAdhyAya yantrazodhanAdhyAya aura yantravicAraNAdhyAya ye pAMca adhyAya haiM / kramonkramajyAnayana, bhujakoTijyAkA cApasAdhana, krAntisAdhaka dhujthAkhaMDasAdhana, dhujyAphalAnayana, saumya gaNitake vibhinna gaNitoMkA sAdhana, akSAMzase unnatAMza sAdhana, graMthake nakSatra dhruvAdikase abhISTa varSake dhruvAdikakA sAdhana, nakSatroMke hakkarmasAdhana, dvAdaza rAziyoMke vibhinnakRta sambandhI gaNitoMkA sAdhana, iSTa zaMkuse chAyAkaraNa sAdhana yantrazodhana prakAra aura usake anusAra vibhinna rAzi nakSatroMke gaNitakA sAdhana, dvAdaza bhAva aura navagrahoMke spaSTokaraNakA, gaNita evaM vibhinna yantroM dvArA sabhI grahoMke sAdhanakA gaNita bahuta sundara Dhagase batAyA gayA hai| isa granthameM paMcAMga nirmANa karanekI vidhikA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / .. bhadrabAhusaMhitA aSTAMga nimittakA eka mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| isake Arambhake 27 adhyAyoMmeM nimitta aura saMhitA viSayakA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| 30veM adhyAyameM ariSToM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / isa granthakA nirmANa zrutake valI bhadrabAhuke vacanoMke AdhAra para huA hai| viSayanirUpaNa aura zailIkI dRSTise isakA racanAkAla 8-9vIM zatIke pazcAt nahIM ho sakatA hai / hA~, lokopayogI racanA honeke kAraNa usameM samaya-samaya para saMzodhana aura parivartana hotA rahatA hai| isa granthameM vyaMjana, aMga, svara, bhauma, channa, aMtarIkSa, lakSaNa evaM svapana ina AThoM nimittoMkA phalanirUpaNa sahita vivecana grahayuddha, svapana, muhUrta, tithi, karaNa, zakuna, pAka, jyotiSa, vAstu, indrasampadA lakSaNa, vyaMjana, cinha, lanna, vidyA, auSadha, prabhRti sabhI nimittoMke balAbala, virodha aura parAjaya Adi viSayoMkA vistArapUrvaka vivecana kiyA gayA hai| yaha nimittazAstrakA bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa aura upayogI grantha hai| isase varSA, kRSi, dhAnyabhAva evaM aneka lokopayogI bAtoMkI jAnakArI prAptakI jA sakatI hai| kevalajJAnapraznacUr3AmaNike racayitA samantabhadrakA samaya 13vIM zatI hai / ye samantabhadra vijayapake putra the| vijayapake bhAI nemicandrake pratiSThAtilakakI racanA Ananda saMvatsarameM caitramAsakI paMcamIko kI hai / ataH samantabhadrakA samaya 13vIM zatI hai / isa granthameM dhAtu, mUla, jIva, naSTa, muSTi, lAbha, hAni, roga, mRtyu, bhojana, zayana, zakuna, janma, karma, astra, zalya, vRSTi, ativRSTi, anAvRSTi, siddhi, asiddhi Adi viSayoMkA prarUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / isa granthameM a, ca Ta ta pa ya za athavA A e ka ca Ta pa ya za ina akSaroMkA prathama varga, A ai kha cha Tha tha pha ra pa ina akSaroMkA dvitIya varga, i o ga ja Da da ba la sa ina akSaroMkA tRtIya varga I au dha jha bha va ha na akSaroMkA caturtha varga aura u U Na na ma aM aH ina akSaroMko paMcama varga batAyA gayA hai| praznakartAke vAkya yA praznAkSaroMko grahaNa kara saMyukta, asaMyukta, abhihita aura abhighAtita ina pAMcoM dvArA tathA AliMgita abhUdhUmita aura dagdha ina tInoM kriyAvizeSaNoM dvArA praznoMke phalAphalakA vicAra kiyA gayA hai / isa graMthameM mUka praznoMke uttara bhI nikAle gaye haiM / yaha prazna zAstrakI dRSTise atyanta upayogI hai|

Page #325
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna hemaprabha - inake gurUkA nAma devendra sUri thA / inakA samaya caudahavIM zatIkA prathama pAda hai / saMvat 1305 meM trailokyaprakAza racanAkI gayI hai / inakI do racanAe~ upalabdha hai-- trailokyaprakAza aura meghamAlA / ' 280 lokyaprakAza bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa grantha hai / isameM 1960 zloka hai / isa eka graMthake adhyayana se phalita jyotiSakI acchI jAnakArI prAptako jA sakatI hai / Arambha meM 110 zlokoM meM lagna jJAnakA nirUpaNa hai / isa prakaraNa meM bhAvoMke svAmI, grahoMke chaH prakArake bala, dRSTivicAra, zatru-mitra, vakrI- mArgI, ucca-nIca, bhAvoMkI saMjJAe~, bhAvarAzi, grahabala vicAra AdikA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / dvitIya prakaraNa meM yogavizeSa-dhanI sukhI, daridra, rAjyaprApti, santAnaprApti, vidyAprApti AdikA kathana hai / tRtIya prakaraNa meM vidhiprApti ghara yA jamInake bhItara rakhe gaye dhana aura usa dhanako nikAlane kI vidhikA vivecana hai / yaha prakaraNa bahuta hI mahattva - pUrNa hai / itane sarala aura sIdhe DhaMgase isa viSayakA nirUpaNa anyatra nahIM hai / caturtha prakaraNa yoga aura paMcama grAmapRcchA hai / ina donoM prakaraNoMke nAmake vibhinna prApti AdikA kathana hai / saptama prakaraNa meM chaThe bhAvase vivecana, aSTama meM saptama bhAvase dAmpatya sambandha aura navammeM vibhinna dRSTiyoMse strI sukhakA vicAra kiyA gayA hai / dazama prakaraNa meM strI jAtaka - striyoMkI dRSTiyoMse phalAphalakA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| ekAdaza meM paracakragamana, dvAdazameM gamAnAmana, trayodazameM yuddha, caturdazameM sandhi vigraha, paMcadazameM vRkSa jJAna, SoDazameM graha doSa-graha pIr3A, saptadaza meM Ayu, aSTAdaza meM pravahaNa aura ekonaviMza meM pravRjyAkA vivecana kiyA / bIsaveM prakaraNa meM rAjya yA padaprApti ikkIsaveM meM vRSTi, bAIsaveM meM ardhakANDa, teIsaveM meM strIlAbha, caubIsaveM meM naSTa vastukI prApti, evaM paccIsaveM meM grahoMke udayAsta, subhikSa durbhikSa, maharSa, samarpa aura vibhinna prakArase tejI - mandIkI jAnakArI batalAI gayI hai / isa graMthakI prazaMsA svayaM hI inhoMneko hai / 2 anusAra vibhinna dRSTiyoMse vibhinna prakArase rogoM kA zrImaddevendrasUrINAM ziSyeNa jJAnadarpaNaH / vizvaprakAza kazcakre zrI hemaprabhasUriNA // zrI devendra sUrike ziSya zrI hemaprabha sUrine vizvaprakAzaka aura jJAnadarpaNa isa granthako racA / meghamAlAkI zloka saMkhya 100 batAyI gayI hai| pro0 eca0 DI0 vethaMkarane jainagraMthAvalI meM ukta prakArakA hI nirdeza kiyA hai / ratnazekharasUrine dinazuddhi dIpikA nAmaka eka jyotiSa grantha prAkRta bhASAmeM likhA hai / inakA samaya 15vIM zatI batAyA jAtA hai / isa granthake anta meM nimna prazasti gAthA milatI hai / sirivayaraseNagurupaTTa- nAhi sirihematilaya sUrINaM / pAyasAyA esA rayaNa siharasUriNA vihiyA // 144 // 1. jaina graMthAvalI, pR0 356 2. trailokya prakAza, zloka 430

Page #326
jyotiSa evaM gaNita ___281 vajasena gukke paTTadhara zrI hematilaka sUrike prasAdase ratnazekhara sUrine dinazuddhi prakaraNa kI racanA kii| ise 'munimaNabhavaNapayAsaM' arthAt muniyoMke mana rUpI bhavanako prakAzita karaneko kahA hai| isameM kula 144 gAthAe~ haiM / isa granthameM vAradAra, kAthahorA, vAraprArambha kulikAdiyoga varNyaprahara nandabhadrAdi saMjJAe~, krUratithi, varNyatithiyoga amRtasiddhiyoga, utpAdiyoga, lagnavicAra, prayANakAlIna zubhAzubhaM vicAra, vAstu muhUrta, SaDaSTakAdi, rAzikUTa, nakSatrayonivicAra, vividha muhUrta, nakSatra doSa vicAra, chAyAsAdhana aura usake dvArA phalAdeza evaM vibhinna prakArake zakunoMkA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / yaha grantha vyavahAropayogI hai| caudahavIM zatAbdImeM Thakkara pherukA nAma bhI ullekhanIya hai / unhoMne gaNitasAra aura joisasAra ye do mahattvapUrNa grantha likhe haiN| gaNitasArameM pATIgaNita aura parikarmASTakakI mImAMsAkI gaI hai / joisasArameM nakSatroMkI nAmAvalIse lekara grahoMke vibhinna yogoMkA samyak vivecana kiyA gayA hai| ___ uparyukta granthoMke atirikta harSakIrti kRta janmapatrapaddhati, jinavallabha kRta svapnasaMhita, jayavijaya kRta zakuna dIpikA, puNyatilaka kRta grahAyusAdhana, garga muni kRta pAsAvalI, samudra kavi kRta sAmudrika zAstra, mAnasAgara kRta mAnasAgarIpaddhati, jinasenakRta nimittadIpaka Adi grantha bhI mahattvapUrNa haiM / jyotiSasAra, jyotiSasaMgraha, zakunasaMgraha, zakunadIpikA, zakunavicAra, janmapatrI paddhati, grahayoga, grahaphala nAmake aneka aise saMgraha grantha upalabdha haiM, jinake kartAkA. patA hI nahIM calatA hai / arvAcIna kAlameM kaI acche jyotivid hue haiN| jinhoMne jaina jyotiSasAhityako bahuta Age bar3hAyA / ' yahA~ pramukha lekhakoMkA unakI kRtiyoMke sAtha paricaya diyA jAtA hai / isa yugake sabase pramukha meghavijayagaNi jyotiSa zAstrake prakANDa vidvAn the| inakA samaya vi0 saM0 1737 ke Asa-pAsa mAnA gayA hai / inake dvArA racita meghamahodaya yA varSaprabodha, udayadIpikA ramalazAstra aura hastasaMjIvana Adi mukhya hai / varSa-prabodhameM 13 adhikAra aura 35 prakaraNa hai| isameM utpAtaprakaraNa, karpUracakra, padminIcakra maNDalaprakaraNa, sUrya aura candragrahaNakA phala, mAsa-vAyu vicAra, saMvatsarakA phala, grahoMke udayAsta aura vakrI-ayana mAsa-pada vicAra, saMkrAntiphala, varSake rAjA, maMtrI, dhAnyeza, raserA AdikA nirUpaNa, Ayavyaya vicAra, sarvatobhadracakra evaM zakuna Adi viSayoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| jyotiSa viSayakI jAnakArI prApta karaneke lie yaha racanA upayogI hai| hastasaMjIvanameM tIna adhikAra hai| prathama darzanAdhikArameM hAtha dekhanekI prakriyA, hAthakI rekhAoM parase hI mAsa, dina, ghaTI, phala AdikA kathana evaM hastarekhAoMke AdhAra para hI lagnakuNDalI tathA usakA phalAdeza nirUpaNa karanA varjita hai / dvitIya sparzanAdhikArameM hAthako rekhAoMke sparza parase hI samasta zubhAzuma phalakA pratipAdana kiyAgayA hai / isa adhikArameM mUka praznoMke uttara denekI prakriyA bhI varNita hai / tRtIya vimarzanAdhikArameM rekhAoM parase hI Ayu, saMtAna, strI, bhAgyodaya, jIvanakI pramukha ghaTanAeM, sAMsArika sukha, vidyA, buddhi, 1. kevalajJAnapraznacUr3AmaNikA prastAvanA bhAga /

Page #327
282 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna rAjyasammAna aura padonnatikA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / yaha grantha sAmudrika zAstrako dRSTise mahattvapUrNa aura paThanIya hai| ubhayakuzala-kA samaya 18vIM zatIkA pUrvArddha hai| ye phalita jyotiSake acche jJAtA hai / inhoMne vivAhapaTala aura camatkAra ciMtAmaNi TabA nAmaka do graMthoMkI racanA kI hai / ye muhUrta aura jAtaka, donoM hI viSayoMke pUrNa paMDita the / ciMtAmaNi TabAmeM dvAdaza bhAvoMke anusAra grahoMke phalAdezakA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / vivAhapaTalameM vivAhake muhUrta aura kuNDalI milAnakA sAMgopAMga varNana kiyA gayA hai| labdhacandragaNi-ye kharataragacchIya kalyANanidhAnake ziSya the| inhoMne vi0 saM0 1751 meM kAttika mAsameM janmapatrI paddhati nAmaka eka vyavahAropayogI jyotiSakA grantha banAyA hai| isa granthameM iSTakAla, bhayAta, bhabhoga, lagana, navagrahoMkA spaSTIkaraNa, dvAdazabhAva, tAtkAlika cakra, dazabala, viMzottarI dazA sAdhana AdikA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / bApatI muni-ye pArzvacandragacchIya zAkhAke muni the / inakA samaya vi0 saM0 1793 mAnA jAtA hai / inhoMne tithi sAraNI nAmaka jyotiSakA mahattvapUrNa anya likhA hai / isake atirikta inake do tIna phalita-jyotiSake bhI muhUrta sambandhI upalabdha grantha haiM / inakA sAkhI grantha, makaranda sAkhIke samAna upayogI hai| yazasvatasAgara-inakA dUsarA nAma jasavaMta sAgara bhI batAyA jAtA hai / ye jyotiSa, nyAya, vyAkaraNa aura darzana zAstrake dhurandhara vidvAn the| inhoMne grahalAghavake Upara vAttika nAmakI TIkA likhI hai / vi0 saM0 1762 meM janmakuNDalI viSayako lekara 'yazorAja-paddhati' nAmaka eka vyavahAropayogI grantha likhA hai| yaha grantha janmakuNDalIkI racanAke niyamoMke sambandhameM vizeSa prakAza DAlatA hai| uttarAddha meM jAtaka paddhatike anusAra saMkSipta phala batalAyA hai| inake atirikta vinayakuzala, harikuzala, megharAja, jinapAla, jayaratna, sUracandra Adi kaI jyotiSiyoMkI jyotiSa sambandhI racanAeM upalabdha haiN| jaina jyotiSa sAhityakA vikAsa Aja bhI zoSa TIkAoMkA nirmANa evaM saMgraha granthoMke rUpameM ho rahA hai / ' saMkSepameM aMkagaNita, bIjagaNita, rekhAgaNita, trikoNamiti gaNita, pratibhAgaNita, paJcAMga nirmANa gaNita, janmapatranirmANa gaNita Adi gaNita jyotiSake aMgoMke sAtha horAzAstra, saMhitA, muhUrta, sAmudrika zAstra, praznazAstra, svapnazAstra, nimittazAstra, ramalazAstra, pAsakevalI prabhRti phalita aMgoMkA vivecana jaina jyotiSameM kiyA gayA hai / jaina jyotiSa sAhityake aba taka pAMca sau granthoMkA patA laga cukA hai| 1. bhAdrabAhu saMhitAkA prastAvanA aMza / 2. mahAvIra smRtigranthake antargata 'jainajyotiSakI vyAvahArikatA' zIrSaka nibandha, - pR0 196-197 / 3. varNI abhinandana granthake antargata 'bhAratIya jyotiSakA poSaka jaina jyotiSa', pR0 478-484 /

Page #328
grIkapUrva jaina-jyotiSa vicAra-dhArA prastAvanA jainAcAryoMne I0 san kI kaI zatAbdiyoMke pUrva hI jyotiSa viSayapara likhanA Arambha kiyA thaa| inake sUryaprajJapti, candraprajJapti, jyotiSkaraNDaka Adi mahattvapUrNa grantha haiN| ina graMthoMmeM pratipAdita siddhAntoMpara grIka jyotiSakA bilakula bhI prabhAva nahIM hai / ina graMthoMmeM pratipAdita jyotiSa siddhAnta maulika haiM tathA kathana karanekI praNAlI bhI apanI nijI hai / zrI zyAma zAstrIne apanI vedAMga jyotiSakI prastAvanAmeM jaina jyotiSakI I0 pUrva kAlIna mahattAko svIkAra karate hue batAyA hai ki jaina jyotiSa brAhmaNa graMthoMkI apekSA adhika mahattvapUrNa haiM / sUryaprajJaptikA yugamAna vedAMgako apekSA adhika pariSkRta hai| yadi tulanAtmaka dRSTise prAcIna jaina-jyotiSa graMthoMkA Alor3ana kiyA jAya to avagata hogA ki grIka jyotiSake siddhAntoMse bhinna maulika rUpameM mAsagaNanA, yugagaNanA tathA lagna AdikA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| grIka aura bhAratIya jyotiSa niSpakSa anveSaka vidvAnoMne isa bAtako mukta kaMThase svIkAra kiyA hai ki prathama AryabhaTTa se lekara barAhamihira taka bhAratIya AcAryoMke jyotiSa siddhAntoMpara grIka jyotiSakA prabhAva hai| isI kAraNa katipaya mAnya vidvAnoMne bhAratIya jyotiSako grIka jyotiSase pUrNa prabhAvita mAnA hai / pramANameM horA, hibuka, dreSkANa, kaMTaka, munthA, yamayA, maNau Adi zabdoMko uddhRta karate haiM / bhAratIya jyotiSameM ina pAribhASika zabdoMkA prayoga pracuratAse huA hai / rAzi tathA cAndramAsa aura nakSatrAMta lagnakI gaNanA bhI grIka jyotiSake prabhAvase AyI haiN| yoM to donoM hI jyotiSoMke mUla siddhAnta pRthak-pRthak haiM tathA grahoMke sthAna nirdhAraNa aura kAla nirUpaNakI praNAlI bhI bilakula bhinna hai| sUryaprajJaptike siddhAntoMkI maulikatA ___ I0 san se do sau varSa pUrvakI yaha racanA nirvivAda siddha hai| isameM paMcavarSAtmaka yuga mAnakara tithi nakSatrAdikA sAdhana kiyA gayA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIrakI zAsanatithi zrAvaNa kRSNa pratipadAse jaba ki candramA abhijita nakSatra para rahatA hai; yugArambha mAnA gayA hai| dinamAnakA nirUpaNa karate hue likhA hai-"tasse Adi ccarassa saMvaccharassa saI aTThArasa muhutte divase bhavati / saiM aTThArasa muhuttA rAto bhavati saiMduvAli samuhute divase bhavati saiMdubAla samuhuttA rAtI bhavati / paDha me chammAse atthi aTThArasamuttA rAtI bhavati / docca chammAse aTThArasamuhute divase Natthi aTThArasa muhuttA rAtI asthi duvAlasamuhutte divase paThame chammAse docce chammAse nntthi"| _arthAt-uttarAyaNameM sUrya lavaNa samudrake bAharI mArgase jambUdvIpakI ora AtA hai aura isa mArgake prArambhameM sUryakI cAla siMhagati, bhItara jambUdvIpake Ate-Ate kramazaH manda hotI huI gaja gatiko prApta ho jAtI hai / isa kAraNa uttarAyaNake ArambhameM bAraha muhUrta

Page #329
284 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna 24 ghaTIkA dina hotA hai, kintu uttarAyaNakI samApti paryanta gatike manda ho jAnese 18 muhUrta - 36 ghaMTekA dina hone lagatA hai aura rAta 12 muhUrta kI - 9 ghaMTA 36 minaTakI hone lagatI hai / isIprakAra dakSiNAyanake prArambhameM sUrya jambUdvIpake bhItarI mArgase bAhara kI ora - lavaNa samudrakI ora manda gati se calatA huA zIghra gatiko prApta hotA hai jisase dakSiNAyana ke ArambhameM 18 muhUrtta -- 14 ghaMTA 25 minaTakA dina aura 12 muhUrtta kI rAta hotI hai, parantu dakSiNAyana ke anta meM zIghra gatike kAraNa sUrya apane rAsteko zIghra taya karatA hai jisase 12 muhUrttakA dina aura 18 muhUrtta kI rAta hotI hai / madhya meM dina mAna lAne ke lie anupAtase 18-12 - 6 mu0 aM0, pahane mu0kI pratidinake dinamAna meM uttarAyaNa meM vRddhi aura dakSiNAyanameM hAni hotI hai / = yaha dinamAna saba jagaha samAna nahIM hotA kyoMki hamAre nivAsa rUpI pRthvI, jo ki jambUdvIpakA eka bhAga hai samatala nahIM hai / yadyapi jaina purANoM aura karNAnuyoga meM jambUdvIpako samatala mAnA gayA hai para sUryaprajJapti meM pRthvIke bIca meM himavAna, mahAhimavAna, niSadhanIla rukmi aura zikhariNI ina chaH parvatoMke A jAne se yaha kahIM U~cI aura kahIM nIcI ho gayI hai| ataH U~cAI aura nicAI arthAt akSAMza aura dezAntarake kAraNa dinamAnameM antara par3a jAtA hai / sUryaprajJapti meM chAyAsAdhana tathA paMcavarSAtmaka yugake nAkSatra Adike pramANa varttamAna yA grIka mAnoM kI apekSA sarvathA bhinna hai / sUryaprajJapti meM paMcavarSAtmaka yugameM candramAke 67 bhagaNa tathA sUrya 62 bhagaNa hote haiM / pUrNimAke dina sUryase candramA 409 muhUrtta 43 vasti pramANa antarapara rahatA hai / jisa samaya yugArambha hotA hai usa samaya zravaNa nakSatra 278 DigrIpara rahatA hai| abhijitkA Agamana prAyaH sarvadA hI ASAr3hI pUrNimAke antima bhAga yA zrAvaNa kRSNa pratipadAke pUrva bhAga meM hotA hai / pA~ca varSoMke nAkSatra Adi varSoMke dinoMkA pramANa nimna prakAra haiM : -- (1) nAkSatra varSa - 327 dina (2) cAndravarSa - 354 3 dina (3) RtuvarSa - 360 dina (4) abhivarddhana varSa - 3834 dina (5) sUrya varSa - 366 dina kula paMca varSoMkA yoga 1791 dina 19 muhurta aura 57 vasti hai / uparyukta vivecanako dhyAna meM rakhakara yadi vicAra kiyA jAya jo sUryaprajJapti meM nimna siddhAntoM kA maulika rUpase pratipAdana huA hai jinakI grIka jyotiSase koI samatA hI nahIM / (1) grIka jyotiSa meM paMcavarSAtmaka yugakA mAna 1767 dina mAnA gayA hai, jabaki sUrya prajJapti meM 1791 se kucha adhika mAna AyA hai / (2) grIka jyotiSa meM chAyAkA sAdhana madhyAhnakI chAyAparase kiyA gayA hai para sUrya - prajJapti meM pUrvAhna kAlIna chAyAko lekara hI gaNita kriyA kI gaI hai| sUryaprajJapti meM madhyAhna kAlIna chAyAkA nAma pauruSI batalAyA gayA hai| likhA hai ki 24 aMgula pramANa zaMku yA kI chAyA madhyAhna garmIke usa dina jaba ki sUrya bhUmadhyarekhAse ati dUra hotA hai, 8 aMgula

Page #330
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 285 ho jAtI hai arthAt pratyeka mahIne meM 4 aMgulake hisAbase yaha chAyA kramazaH bar3hatI aura ghaTatI rahatI hai| (3) grIka jyotiSameM tithi nakSatrAdikA mAna saurya varSa praNAlIke AdhArapara nikAlA jAtA hai aura paMcAMgakA nirmANa Aja bhI isI praNAlIpara hotA hai / kintu sUryaprajJaptimeM paMcAMgakA nirmANa nakSatra varSake AdhArapara kiyA gayA hai| sUryaprajJaptimeM samayakI zuddhi nakSatraparase hI grahaNakI gaI hai| (4) yugArambha aura ayanArambha bhI sUryaprajJaptike grIka jyotiSase bilakula bhinna hai / mAsa gaNanA, amAnta na lekara pUrNimAnta lI gaI hai| ataH saMkSepameM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki sUryaprajJaptike jyotiSa siddhAnta grIka jyotiSase bilakula bhinna aura maulika hai tathA I0 sa0 se kamase kama 300 varSa pUrvake haiN| candraprajJapti aura jyotiSa karaNDaka ina granthoMkA viSaya prAyaH sUryaprajJaptise milatA hai| parantu candraprajJaptimeM kIlaka chAyA aura puruSa chAyAoMkA pRthak pRthak nirUpaNa hai / isa graMthameM 25 vastuoMkI chAyAoMkA vistRta varNana hai / isa graMthameM candramAkI 16 tithiyoMmeM samacaturasra viSamacaturasra, Adi vibhinna AkAroMkA khaMDanakara samacaturasra golAkArakA varNana kiyA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki suSama suSumA kAlake AdimeM zrAvaNa kRSNa pratipadAke dina jambU dvIpakA prathama sUrya pUrva dakSiNa koNaagnikoNameM aura dvitIya sUrya pazcimottara-vAyavya koNameM calA thaa| isI prakAra prathama candramA pUrvottara-IzAna koNameM aura dvitIya candramA pazcima dakSiNa-nairRtya koNameM calA; ataeva yugAdimeM sUrya aura candramAkA samacaturasra saMsthAna thaa| para udaya hote samaya ye graha varttalAkAra nikale / ata candra aura sUryakA AkAra arddhakapITha-arddha samacaturasra gola batAyA hai / chAyA parase dinamAnakA sAdhana karate hue batAyA hai: tA avaDDha porisiNaM chAyA divasassa kiMgate vA sese vA tA ti bhAge gae vA tA sese vA, porisiNaM chAyA divasassa kiM gae vA sese vA jAva cau bhAga gae vA sese vA, tA divaDha porisiNaM chAyA divasassa kiM gate vA sese vA, tA paMca bhAga gae vA sese vA evaM avadaDDha rorisiNaM chAyA pucchA divasassa bhAgaM choTTavA garaNaM jAva tA aNulaTThi porisiNaM chAyA divasasya ki gae vA sese vA tA ekkUNa vIsa sataM bhAge vA sese vA sAtirega aguNasaTThi porisiNaM chAyA divasassa kiM gae vA sese vA tANaM kiM gae kiMci vigae vA sese vaa| caM0 pra0 95 arthAt- jaba ardha puruSa pramANa chAyA ho usa samaya kitanA dina vyota huA aura kitanA zeSa rahA ? isa praznakA uttara dete hue kahA hai ki aisI chAyAkI sthiti meM dinamAnakA tRtIyAMza vyatIta huA samajhanA cAhiye / yahA~ vizeSatA itanI hai ki yadi dopaharake pahale ardha puruSa pramANa chAyA ho to dinakA tRtIya bhAga gata aura do tihAI bhAga avazeSa tapA dopaharake bAda ardha puruSa pramANa chAyA ho to tihAI bhAga pramANa dina gata aura eka bhAga pramANa dina zeSa samajhanA cAhiye / puruSa pramANa chAyA honepara dina kA cauthAI bhAga gata aura tIna cauthAI bhAga zeSa, Der3ha puruSa pramANa chAyA honepara dinakA paMcama bhAga' gata aura cAra

Page #331
286 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna paMcama bhAga-6 bhAga avazeSa dina samajhanA cAhiye / isI prakAra dopaharake bAdakI chAyAmeM viparIta dinamAna jAnanA cAhiye / isa granthameM gola, trikoNa, lambI, caukora vastuoMkI chAyA parase dinamAnakA jJAna kiyA gayA hai / candraprajJaptimeM candramAke sAtha tIna muhUrta taka yoga karane vAle zravaNa, dhaniSThA, pUrvAbhAdrapada, revatI, azvinI, kRttikA, mRgasira, puSya, maghA, pUrvAphAlgunI, hasta, citrA, anurAdhA, mUla aura pUrvASAr3hA ye pandraha nakSatra, 45 muharta taka candramAke sAtha yoga karane vAle pUrvA bhAdrapada, rohiNI, punarvasu uttarAphAlgunI, vizAkhA aura uttarASAr3hA ye cha: nakSatra hai evaM pandraha muhUrta taka candramAke sAtha yoga karane vAle zatabhiSA, bharaNI, ArdrA, azleSA, svAtI aura jyeSThA ye chaH nakSatra batAye gaye haiM / ___jyotiSa karaNDakameM yoM to aneka vizeSatAeM haiM para nakSatra lagga sambandhI vizeSatA vizeSa ullekhayogya hai / isa graMthameM lagna nirUpaNakI yaha praNAlI sarvathA navIna aura maulika hai: laggaM ca dakkhiNAyavisuve suvi assa uttaraM ayaNe / lagga sAI visuyesu paMcasu vi dakkhiNe ayaNe / / arthAt assA yAnI azvinI aura sAI-zvAti ye nakSatra viSuvake lagna batAye gaye haiN| yahA~ viziSTa avasthAkI rAzike samAna viziSTa avasthAke nakSatroMko lagna mAnA hai| tulanA grIka jyotiSa aura candraprajJapti tathA jyotiSakaraNDakake siddhAntoMkI tulanA karanese nimna niSkarSa nikAlatI haiM / (1) jyotiSakaraNDakakI lagna praNAlI jisakA AdhAra nakSatra mAna hai grIka praNAlIse bilakula bhinna hai / grIka jyotiSa meM lagnakA mAna rAzya aMza kalAtmaka rUpase mAnA gayA hai| yadi gaharAIse jyotiSa karaNDakakA avagAhana kiyA jAya to nakSatroMkI AkRtiyA~ unakI tArAoMkI saMkhyA grIka jyotiSa kI apekSA sarvathA bhinna hai| (2) candraprajJaptimeM pratipAdita chAyAparase dinamAna sAdhanakI prakriyA grIka jyotiSase to bhinna hai hI para yaha samaya bhAratIya jyotiSa meM prAcInatAkI dRSTise eka maulika praNAlI hai| isa praNAlIkA vistRta vikasita rUpa hI yujyA, trijyA, kujyAke rUpameM siddhAnta jyotiSameM AyA hai / graha-gaNitake jina bIja sUtroMkA ullekha isa granthameM kiyA gayA hai unakA nirUpaNa poka jyotiSa meM kamase kama 200 varSa bAda huA hai / nakSatrAMta pUrNimAkA nirUpaNa grIka jyotiSa meM I0 sa0kI pahalI dUsarI zatAbdImeM huA hai / Aja kala bhI grIka paMcAMga sUrya nakSatrake AdhAra para hI pUrNimA tathA amAvasyAkA pratipAdana karate haiM para candraprajJaptimeM cAndra nakSatroMke upabhoga aura muhUrtoMke pramANAnusAra hI pUrNimA aura amAvasyAkI siddhikI gayI hai / paMcavarSAtmaka yuga parase samaya zuddhike nimitta paMcAMga taiyAra karanA aura unake sthUla mAnoM dvArA samaya zuddhikA kathana karanA candraprajJapti aura jyotiSakaraNDakakA pradhAna varNya viSaya hai / ataH pratyeka gaNitameM

Page #332
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 287 sUryakI pradhAnatA na kara candramAko hI prAdhAnya diyA gayA hai| para grIka jyotiSameM yaha bAta nhiiN| (3) grahoMkI vIthiyoMkA nirUpaNa kevala ukta prAcIna granthoMmeM hI milatA hai groka jyotiSa meM nahIM / nAr3I vRtta, khamaMDala, AdikA upayoga grIka jyotiSameM avazya kiyA gayA hai para yaha praNAlI prahavIthiyoMse bilakula bhinna hai| hA~, graha vIthiyoMkA vikasita rUpa pracalita bhacakrako mAnA jA sakatA hai / isa prakAra I0 sa0 se kaI zatAbdI pUrva jaina AcAryoMko eka maulika jyotiSa vicAra dhArA dhI jo ki grIka jyotiSase sarvathA bhinna hai|

Page #333
aMgavidyA : prAdurbhAva aura vikAsa aMgavidyA bhAratakI prAcIna vidyA hai| isakA kSetra vartamAna sAmudrika zAstra se bahuta vistRta hai| upaniSadoMmeM isa vidyAkA saMketa prApta hotA hai / ' mahAkAvyoMmeM bhI isa vidyAke srota milate haiM / mahAbhArata meM hAtha-pA~va kI rekhA, mukhAkRti, kaNThasvara, lalATa AkRti AdikA vicAra vidyamAna hai| virATa parva aura udyoga parvameM isa prakArake aneka ullekha Aye haiM jinase strI puruSoMke aMgoM dvArA phalAphalapara prakAza par3atA hai / pANinine apane vyAkaraNameM 'patighnI pANirekhA' jaise padoMkA prayoga kiyA hai| divyAvadAnameM bhI aMgavidyAke mahatvapUrNa nirdeza prApta haiN| batAyA hai ki aMguSThake mUlase jAnevAlI eka Urdhva rekhA vyaktiko sukhI banAtI hai, yadi isI sthAnase dUsarI rekhA nikalatI hai to jJAnI honekI sUcanA prApta hotI hai aura isI sthAnase yadi tIsarI rekhA nikalatI hai to hetu zAstrake pANDityakA bodha karAtI hai| isI prakAra Ayu-rekhA UrdhvarekhA, prabhRti rekhAoMke sAtha yava, tila, vyaMjana Adike zubhAzubha phaloMkA varNana kiyA hai| rekhAoMke varNa, AkRti, gAmbhIrya, dIrghatA, alpatA Adike vivecana dvArA vizeSa-vizeSa phaloMkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| kanyA parIkSaNa prasaMgameM batAyA hai ki hasta, pAda, nakha, aMgulI, pANirekhA, jaMghA, kaTi, nAbhi, Uru, oSTha, jihvA, danta, kapola, nAsikA, akSi, bhU, lalATa, karNa, keza, romarAji, svara, varNa Adike saMsthAna vizeSa dvArA zubhAzubhatvakA vicAra karanA caahie| isa prasaMgameM aMgaparijJAna parIkSaNa vidhise kanyAMke bhaviSyakA atyanta vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA hai / lagabhaga sau padoMmeM yaha prasaMga samApta huA hai aura isameM Ajake sAmudrika zAstra kI apekSA aneka maulika aura navIna siddhAnta Aye haiM / likhA hai hastau pAdau nirIkSata nakhAni aaNgulostthaa| pANilekhAzca jaMgheca kaTi nAbhyarUmevaca // oSThau jihvAM ca dAntAMzca kapolo nAsikAM tathA / akSibhruvau lalATaM ca karNau kezAMstathaiva ca // mItaM satvaM samIkSeta kanyAnAM shaastrkovidH| tatra pUrva parIkSeta svayameva vicakSaNaH // haMsa svarA meghavarNA nArI mdhurlocnaa| aSTau putrAn prasUyeta, dAsIdAsaiH samAvRtA / uru jaMghe ca pArve ca vikramaH saMsthitaH / raktAnte vipule netre sA kanyA sukhamedhate // mRgAkSI mRgajaMghA ca mRgagrIvA mRgodrii| yuktanAmA tu yA nArI rAjAnamupatiSThate // 1 // 1. chAndogya upaniSad, saptama adhyAya, khaNDa 1, sUtra 2 /

Page #334
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 289 aMga vidyAke vikAsapara aitihAsika dRSTise vicAra karanepara jJAta hotA hai ki isa vidyAkA prArambha bhAratavarSameM IsvI san se 500 varSa pUrvahI ho cukA thaa| 'rAmAyaNa aura 'mahAbhArata' meM aMgavidyAke nirdezoMke sAtha prAkRta aura pAli granthoM meM isa viSayake aneka ullekha milate haiM / 'aMgutta ra' nikAyameM lalATa, vakSasthala, hastapAda, nAsikA evaM karNake hrasva dIrgha vicAra dvArA bhAvI phaloMkA varNana kiyA hai| samavAyAMgameM bhI aMgopAMgoMkA nirdeza AyA hai / 'rAyapaseNIya suttameM striyoM, puruSoM aura pazuoMkI aMgAkRtikA vivecana AyA hai tathA isI granthameM ullikhita bahattara kalAoMmeM aMgavidyAkIbhI gaNanA samAviSTa hai / prAkRta grantha 'vasudevahiNDI' ke satrahaveM lambameM aMgavidyAke aneka siddhAnta Aye haiM / aSTAdaza lambameM priyaMgasundarIke aMgavarNana prasaMgameM aMgoMkI AkRtikA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / isa vivecanase aMgavidyA prAcIna siddhAntoMkI jAnakArI saralatApUrvaka prAptakI jA sakatI hai| 'samarAicakahA' aura 'kuvalayamAlA' meM isa vidyAke siddhAntoMkA vistArapUrvaka vivecana AyA hai| 'kuvalayamAlA' meM batAyA hai ki pUrvopArjita karmoke kAraNa jIvadhAriyoMko sukha-dukhakI prApti hotI hai / isa sukha duHkhAdiko zArIrika lakSaNoMke dvArA jAnA jA sakatA hai| zarIra aMga, upAMga aura AMgopAMga ina tIna vargoMmeM vibhakta hai / ina tInoMke lakSaNoMse manuSyoMkA zubhAzubhatva jJAta hotA hai / jisa manuSyake pairakA talavA lAla, snigdha aura mRdula ho tathA sveda aura vakratAse rahita ho, vaha isa pRthvIkA netA yA zAsaka hotA hai / paira meM candramA, sUrya, vajra, cakra, aMkuza, zaMkha aura chatrake cinha honepara vyakti netA yA tattulya hotA hai / snigdha aura gaharI rekhAe~bhI zAsakake pairake talavemeM hotI haiM / zaMkhAdi cinha, bhinna, apUrNa yA spaSTa athavA yatkicit spaSTa hoM to uttarArdha avasthAmeM sukha bhogoMkI prApti hotI hai / khara, gardabha, varAha, zUkara jambuka, zRgAlakI AkRtike cinha hoM to vyaktiko kaSTa hotA hai| samAna padAMguSThoMke hone para manonukUla patnIkI prApti hotI hai / isa prakAra kuvalayamAlAmeM cihna, aguliyoMkA hasva-dIrghatva, varNa AkRti sparza Adike dvArA phalAphalakA kathana AyA hai| zarIrako unmata avasthA, madhyama parimANa aura jaghanya parimANoMkA kaI STiyoMse vivecana kiyA hai aMgulI aura aMguSThake vicArake pazcAt hathelIke sparza, rUpa, gandha evaM AyatanakA vicAra kiyA hai / vRSaNa, vakSasthala, jihvA, danta, oSTha, kAna, nAka Adike rUpa raMga, AkRti, sparza, AyAma, gAmbhIrya prabhatike dvArA zubhAzubha phala vivecita haiN| AyukA vicArabhI isa granthameM vistArapUrvaka AyA hai / dIrghAyu, madhyamAyu, alpAyu, ariSTa, akAla, maraNa AdikA aMgoMke parIkSaNa dvArA vivecana kiyA hai / dIrghAyukA vicAra karate hue likhA hai kaNThaM piTThI liMgaM jaMghe ya havaMti hassayA ee / pihulA hattha pAyA dIhAU sutthio hoi / / cakkhu-siNehe suhao daMta siNehe ya bhoyaNaM miLeM / taya-NeheNa u sokkhaM Naha-Nehe hoi parama-dhaNaM / / -kuvalayamAlA, pR0 131, anu0 216 / arthAt kaMTha, poTha, liMga aura jaMghAkA hrasva (laghu) honA zubha hai| hAtha aura pairakA dIrgha honAbhI zubhaphala sUcaka hai / A~khoMke snigdha honese vyakti sukhI, dA~toMke snigdha honese 1. divyAvadAna, mithilA vidyApITha, saMskaraNa, zArdUla karNAvadAnam, pRSTha 411 /

Page #335
290 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna miSTAnna priya, tvacAke snigdha honese sukhI aura nAkhUnoMke snigdha honese dhanI hotA hai| isa prakAra netra, nAkhUna, daMta, jAMgha, hAtha-paira Adike rUpa-raMga, sparza, saMtulana, pramANa, mAna-vajana evaM AkAra prakArake dvArA zubhAzubhatvakA varNana kiyA hai / aMgavidyA sambandhI svatantra racanAe~ bhAratIya sAhityake AloDana se jJAta hotA hai ki varAhamihirake samaya taka aMgavidyAkA kathana yA varNana anya viSayaka granthoMmeM hotA rhaa| isa vidyApara svatantra grantha likhanekI paramparAkA Arambha aMga vijjA nAmaka prAkRta granthameM hotA hai| aMgavidyApara yaha sarvaprathama svatantra grantha hai| isa granthake varNyaviSayake adhyayanase jJAta hotA hai ki isameM aMga-jJAnake sAtha aSTAMga nimittabhI sammilitaho gayA thA / isa granthameM aMga-nimittakA mahatva batalAte hue likhA hai ki aMgavidyA jyotiSa viSayaka sabhI zAkhAoMmeM zreSTha hai / jisa prakAra samasta nadiyA~ samudrameM mila jAtI haiM, usI prakAra svara, vyaMjana, lakSaNa, svapna, chinna, bhauma aura antarikSa nimitta aMga-vidyA rUpI samudrameM mila jAte haiM / isa vidyAse jaya-parAjaya, lAbha-hAni, jIvanamaraNa, sukha-dukha, subhikSa-durbhikSa, dhana-hAni, dhana-prApti AdikA sahajameM jJAna prApta hotA hai / zArIrika lakSaNoMko jAnakara mAnasika aura AdhyAtmika vikAsakA parijJAna prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai / jisa prakAra manovijJAnakA sambandha cittavRttiyoM aura saMvedanAoMke vikAsase hai, saSTi-vijJAnakA sambandha mana. baddhi aura zarIrake nirmANaka tattvoMke vizleSaNa aura anupAtase hai| usI prakAra aMga-vidyAkA sambandha manuSyake Antarika aura bAhya vyaktitvake vizleSaNa yoM to sabhI prANiyoMke zarIrakA nirmANa paudgalika paramANuoMse hotA hai aura sabhIkI AkRti eka samAna dikhalAI par3atI hai, para isa ekatAke bIcabhI vividhatA aura viSamatAkA samavAya rahatA hai| ataH jo vibhinna janma-janmAntarake saMskAroMse vajita isa vividhatAko avagata kara letA hai, vahI aMgavidyAkA jJAtA bhAvI zubhAzubha phaloMkA nirUpaNa karane meM samartha hotA hai / vastutaH aMgavidyA eka vaijJAnika, adhyAtmika vidyA hai, jisake adhyayana aura manana se bhAvI ghaTanAoMke sAtha vyaktike vartamAna aura atItakI bhI jAnakArI prAptakI jAtI hai / yahA~ yaha smaraNIya hai ki aMga parIkSaka ko aMgoMkI kriyA-pratikriyA, gati-sthiti Adike sAtha anya nimittoMkI jAnakArIbhI apekSita hai / batAyA hai jathA NadIo savvAo ovaraMti mahodadhiM / evaM aMgodadhiM savve NimittA otaraMti hi // 1 // aNuratto jayaM parAjayaM vA rAjamaraNaM vA AroggaM vA rnno| AtaMkaM vA uvaddhavaM vA mA puNa sahasA viyAgarijja pANI // 2 // spaSTa hai ki aMga vidyAke racayitA AcAryane kevala aMgavidyAkA svarUpahI nahIM batalAyA, kintu karma siddhAntAnusAra pUrva janmake karmoMke prabhAvakAbhI vizleSaNa kiyA hai / AcAryakA vizvAsa hai ki jIvoMkI prakRti unakI prakRtipara nirbhara hai aura yaha prakRti pUrva 1. aMga vijjA, 1, 6, pR0 1 / 2. vahI, pR07|

Page #336
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 291 janmake karmoMke saMskArase nirmita hotI hai| ataH jaise pUrvajanmake karma saMskAra hote haiM, vaisIhI pravRttiho jAtI hai / phalataH kucha vastuoMke prati AkarSaNa hotA hai aura kuchake prati vikarSaNa / isa prakRtiko paitRka yA vaMza paramparAke dvArA Agata nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai / yataH ekahI pitAke kaI zizuoMkI bhinna-bhinna prakRti dekhI jAtI hai| eka jisa kAryameM ruci rakhatA hai, dUsarA usase ghRNA karatA hai aura tIsarekI kucha aura hI ruci rahatI hai / ataeva karma saMskAroMko vividhatAke kAraNa pratyeka vyaktiko zarIrAkRti pRthak-pRthak hotI hai, jisase jIvanakI kriyA, gati aura phala bhinna-bhinna rUpoMmeM ghaTita hote haiN| yaha grantha sATha adhyAyoM meM samApta huA hai aura isakA parimANa nau hajAra zloka pramANa hai / gadya aura padya donoMkA hI prayoga kiyA gayA hai| isa granthake navama adhyAyameM zarIra-sambandhI pacahattara aGgoMke nAma Aye haiM / mastaka, zira, sImantaka, lalATa, netra, karNa, kapola, oSTha, danta, mukha, masUr3hA, skandha, bAhu, maNi-bandha, hAtha, paira, jihvA, kaTi, jAnu, karatala, pAdatala, aMguSTha prabhRti aMgoMke varNa, sparza, AkRti, cihna-vizeSa, parimANa, AyAma, Ayatana AdikA vistArapUrvaka vicAra kiyA gayA hai / niHsandeha isa granthameM aMga vidyAke sAtha prazna-zAstra sambandhI bhI aneka carcAe~ Ayo haiM / prazna-prakriyAkA sAMgopAMga vivecana lagabhaga do hajAra padyoMmeM kiyA gayA hai / prastuta 'aMgavijjA' ke saMskaraNa ke sAtha pariziSTa rUpameM eka saTIka saMskRtakA 'aMga vidyA zAstra' bhI aMkita hai| isameM saMskRta bhASAmeM likhe gaye kevala 44 padya haiM aura sAthameM saMskRta TIkA bhI hai / TIkAkArane likhA hai___kAlo'ntarAtmA sarvadA sarvadarzI zubhAzubhaiH phalasUcakaH savizeSeNa prANinAma parAMgeSu sparza-vyavahAreGgitaceSTAdibhiH nimittaiH phalamabhidarzayati / arthAt-aMga-sparza, vyavahAra, caryA-ceSTA, aMgAkRti Adike dvArA zubhAzubha phalakA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / isa laghukAya granthameM aMgoMkI vibhinna saMjJAeM varNita haiM, jinase phalAdezake adhyayanameM vizeSa suvidhA prApta hotI hai| ___ ina donoM granthoMke adhyayanase yaha spaSTa hai ki isa viSayakA vistAra kevala aMgoMkI AkRti, rekhAe~ Adike adhyayana taka hI sImita nahIM thA, kintu isake antargata AkAzakI rUpAkRti, utpAta, ulkA, gandharva, nagara, tArAoMkI vizeSa AkRti, bhUgarbhazAstra Adi bhI isa vidyAke varNya-viSayameM sammilita ho gaye the / prastuta graMtha 'aMgavijjA' ke racanA kAla aura lekhakakA nizcita rUpase parijJAna prApta karanA kaThina hai| para bhASA zailI, varNya viSaya evaM viSayavistAra AdikI dRSTise vicAra karanepara isa graMthakA racanA kAla I0 san kI cauthI-pA~cavIM zatI pratIta hotA hai / yaha satya hai ki aMga-vidyAne isa samaya taka svayaM eka zAstrakA rUpa prApta kara liyA thA / isa viSayake anya granthoMmeM kara-lakkhaNa aura jJAna-pradIpikA bhI isI samayakI racanAe~ haiM / kara-lakkhaNake prArambhameM hasta rekhApara vicAra kiyA hai aura batAyA hai ki manuSya isa jIvalokameM lAbha-hAni, sukha-duHkha, jIvana-maraNa aura jaya-parAjaya rekhAoMke balase prApta karatA hai / ataH puruSoMke dAhine hAtha aura striyoMke bAyeM hAthakI rekhAoMse zubhAzubha phalakI jAnakArI prApta karanI cAhie / yathA

Page #337
292 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna pAvai lAhAlahaM suhadukkhaM jIviraM ca maraNaM ca / rehAhiM jIvaloe puriso vijayaM jayaM ca tahA // 1 61 gAthAoMmeM lekhakane hastarekhAke sAtha aMguliyoMkI AkRti, unakA viralatva aura saghanatva, mAMsalatA, varNa, sparza AdikA bhI vicAra kiyA hai| isa choTese graMthameM aMga vidyA viSayaka vibhinna viSayoMkA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra 'jJAna-pradIpikA' meM aGga vidyAkA vistRta vivecana hai| isa granthake kucha padyoMmeM dArzanika dRSTise bhI aGga vidyAkA vizleSaNa kiyA hai / AtmA, karma aura ina donoMke sambandhakI dArzanika carcA bhI isa granthameM AyI hai / AtmAke svarUpa, guNa, zakti evaM unakI paryAyoMkA vividha dRSTiyoMse vivecana kiyA hai / AtmA eka akhaNDa, ananta, caitanya piNDa hai| yaha svatantra aura maulika dravya hai / caitanya pariNati isakA sAmAnya lakSaNa hai aura yaha isakA asAdhAraNa guNa hai / bAhya aura Abhyantara kAraNoMse isa caitanyake jJAna aura darzana rUpa pariNamana hote haiN| jaba AtmA svase bhinna kisI jJeyako jAnatA hai taba usakI caitanya pariNati jJAna kahalAtI hai| yaha jJAna jitanA spaSTa aura nijarUpa hotA hai, karmakI pariNati utanI hI anumAtrakI dRSTise kSINa hotI hai / AtmA paudgalika karmoke vilakSaNa sambandhake kAraNa vibhinna prakArake zubhAzubha saMskAroMkA arjana karatA hai aura aMga vidyA ina ajita saMskAroMkI abhivyakti dIpavat karatI hai| jisa prakAra dIpakake prakAzameM ghaTa-padAdi padArthoMko jAnakArI prApta hotI hai, usI prakAra aGga vidyA dvArA ajita saMskAroMkI jAnakArI prAptakI jAtI hai / jJAna pradIpikAmeM AtmA aura karma-sambandhakA bhI saMkSepameM vivecana AyA hai| ___chaThavIM aura sAtavIM zatAbdImeM isa vidyApara svatantra grantha to likhe ho gaye haiM, para 'varAhamihira', 'nArada' Adike dvArA racita saMhitA granthoM meM bhI aGga vidyAke aneka mahatvapUrNa siddhAnta nibandha haiM / varAhamihirane vArAhI saMhitAke 67-68 aura 69veM adhyAyoMmeM isa vidyAke viSayoMkA nirdeza kiyA hai / unhoMne batAyA hai ki unmAna-aMgulAtmaka uccatA, mAna, parimANa yA taula, gamana saMhati-aGga sandhiyoMkI suzliSTatA, sAra, varNa, zabda, prakRti, pravRtti, satva, dazAMga mRjA zarIracchAyA Adike dvArA phala pratipAdana kiyA jA sakatA hai| sAmAnya siddhAntoMke pazcAt rekhAkRti, nakha, aMguli, nADI, roma, Uru, jAnu, liMga, vRSaNa, gandha, Avali, vakSasthala, skandha, grIvA, kaNTha, kapola Adike parIkSaNa dvArA zubhAzubha phaloMkA varNana kiyA hai / oSTha aura cibukake varNana sandarbha meM batAyA hai ki jisa vyaktikA cibuka bahuta kRza aura lambA ho vaha nirdhana hotA hai / mAMsala aura puSTa cibuka vAlA dhanika, raktavarNake cibuka vAlA pratApI, saghana aura kRSNa kezoMse yukta cibuka vAlA vyakti prasiddha, mandabuddhi evaM alpadhanI evaM snigdha aura samAna AkRtike cibuka vAlA vyakti prasiddha hotA hai| isI prakAra kandUrIke samAna raktavarNake adhara vAlA vyakti zAsaka, netA aura saMgaThana kartA hotA hai| choTe adharakA vyakti nirdhana, sthUla adharakA vyakti krUra aura kartavya parAyaNa, rakta aura snigdha varNake adhara vAlA vyakti prasiddha, sukhI aura zAsaka hotA hai / rukSa, vakra, khaNDita aura bhaddI AkRtike aghara vAlA vyakti nirdhana hotA hai / rakta varNa, lambI, zlakSaNa aura samAna jihvA vAlA vyakti bhogI hotA hai / zveta, kRSNa aura rukSa jihvA vAlA. vyakti dhanahIna hotA hai / saumya, samavRtta, nirmala, lakSaNa evaM vakra jihvA vAlA vyakti jIvanameM Ananda

Page #338
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 293 prApta karatA hai| isakA prabhAva sabhI prANiyoMpara par3atA hai| isa prakAra 68veM adhyAyake 117 zlokoMmeM aGgavidyAke vizeSa siddhAntoMkA varNana AyA hai| isa granthake 70veM adhyAyameM striyoMke lakSaNoMpara prakAza DAlA gayA hai / isI prakAra 'nArada saMhitA' meM aGgoM aura rekhAoMkI vizeSatAoMkA varNana kiyA hai| navama aura dazama zatAbdImeM likhita 'aMga dIpaka', 'aMga pradIpikA' aura 'aMga zAstra' nAmaka svatantra racanAe~ prApta hotI haiM / ina racanAoMmeM zarIrake chattIsa aMgoM pAMgoMkA vistArapUrvaka vivecana kiyA hai| karatalakA varNana aura phalAdeza 16 dRSTi binduoMse kiyA gayA hai| isa varNanase aisA jJAta hotA hai ki aMga vidyAke viSayoMkA uttarottara vistAra hotA jA rahA thA aura antarikSa sambandhI nimitta bhI isa vidyAmeM samAviSTa ho gaye the| aMga pradIpikAmeM aMgoMkA vivecana rekhAgaNita ke sUtroM dvArA kiyA gayA hai| phira zira aura lalATakI racanAko trikoNakI AkRti mAnakara lamba, AdhAra aura bhujAoMke gaNitase aMgoMke mAna nikAle gaye haiM aura inhIM mAnoMke AdhArapara bhaviSya phalakA pratipAdana kiyA hai / mukhAkRtike atirikta netra, lalATa, karNa, bhauMhake kSetra phaloMkA bhI Anayana kiyA hai aura isa prakriyAko rekhAgaNitakA AdhAra dekara bIjagaNitakI pratIkazailImeM bhaviSya phaloMkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / hastamudrAoMke varNana bhI Aye haiN| 11 vIM zatAbdIse 15 vIM zatAbdI taka likhe gaye granthoM meM aMgavidyAkI viSaya vastume koI vistAra yA vikAsa prApta nahIM hotA hai / ina zatAbdiyoMmeM isa vidyAke sAmudrika zAstrakA rUpa grahaNa kara liyA pratIta hotA hai / sAmudrika zAstrakA tAtparya samudra RSi dvArA praNIta zarIra cihnoM se hai| ina zatAbdiyoMkI racanAoMmeM 'hasta-saMjIvana', 'sAmudrika zAstra', 'mukha pradIpikA', 'hasta pradopikA' Adi pradhAna hai| ina granthoM meM hastapAda aura lalATakI rekhAoMke sAtha aMgoMkI AkRtiyoMke vivecana bhI aMkita haiN| prabhAvazAlI vyaktitvake hetu kriyAzIla, kRza, durbala evaM sugaThita zarIrAvayavoMkA vivecana kiyA hai / tila, massA, vyaMjana Adi cihnoMkA nirUpaNa bhI kiyA gayA hai / yadyapi saiddhAntika dRSTise ina zatAbdiyoMmeM racita aMga-vidyA sambandhI granthoM meM maulika siddhAntoMkA vivecana nahIM AyA hai, to bhI yugAnukUla vyAkhyAoMkI dRSTise ina granthoMmeM viSaya-vastukA paryApta spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai / yadi viSayAnusAra vizleSaNa kiyA jAe to ina granthoMmeM pratipAdita viSayoMko saMkSepameM nimnalikhita vargoM meM vibhAjita kara sakate haiM 1. avayavAkRti / 1. avayavoMke varNa, sparza evaM mAna / 3. aMga-upAMga aura AMgoMpAMgake saMsthAna vizeSa / 4. hasta-pAda aura lalATakI rekhAe~ / 5. vyaMjana, tila, massA, caTTA AdikA zubhAzubhatva / 6. svara nimitta-svara vijJAna evaM zabda aura dhvanikA zubhAzubhatva / 7. lakSaNa nimitta-svastika, kalaza, zaMkha, cakra Adi cihnoM dvArA zubhAzubhatva / adhaSavAkRti vicAra hAtha-pAMva, salATa,mastaka aura vakSasthalakI AkRtikA adhyayana kara zubhAzubha phalakA

Page #339
294 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna pratipAdana karanA avayavAkRti hai| nAsikA, netra, danta, lalATa mastaka aura vakSasthala ina cha: avayavoMke unnata honese manuSya sulakSaNayukta hotA hai / karatala, padatala, nayanaprAnta, nakha, tAlu, adhara aura jihvA ina sAta aMgoMke rakta honese jIvana meM unnati hotI hai| jisakI kamara vizAla ho, vaha bahuputravAn hotA hai / bhujAeM lambI honese zreSTha vyaktitvake sAtha parAkramakI prApti hotI hai / jisakA vakSasthala vistIrNa hai vaha dhana-dhAnyazAlI aura jisakA mastaka vizAla hai vaha pUjanIya hotA hai / jisa vyaktikA nayana prAnta lAla hai vaha kabhI nirdhana nahIM hotA hai| tapta kAMcanake samAna dopta varNavAlA vyakti aizvaryazAlI, pratApI aura mAnya hotA hai| jisakA zarIra dhUmila varNakA hai vaha nirdhana hotA hai tathA adhika romavAlA vyakti sukhI nahIM hotA / jisakI hathelI cikanI aura mRdula ho, vaha aizvarya bhoga karatA hai / jisake pairakA talavA lAla hotA hai, vaha savArIkA upabhoga sadA karatA hai| pairake talavoMkA cikanA aura aruNa varNakA honA zubha mAnA gayA hai| jisa vyaktike keza tAmravarNa aura lambe tathA ghane hoM vaha paccIsa varSakI avasthAmeM pAgala yA unmatta ho jAtA hai| isa prakArake vyaktiko 40 varSako avasthA taka aneka kaSTa sahana karane par3ate haiM / jisa vyaktikI jihvA itanI lambI ho jo nAkakA agra bhAga sparza kara sake, to vaha yogI yA mumukSu hotA hai / jisakI bAhu ghuTanoMkA sparza karatI hoM yA usase bhI kucha lambI hoM, vaha atyanta prabhAvazAlI, zAsaka, mumukSu yA yogI hotA hai| ghuTanoMse choTI bAhoM vAlA vyakti dhUrta, kapaTI, kucAla aura prabhAvahIna hotA hai / sthUla bhujAoM vAlA dhanika aura parAkramazAlI hotA hai| jisakI bhujAeM kRza, laghu aura asantulita hotI haiM, vaha dhUrta, cora, DAkU yA dhokhebAja hotA hai| isI prakAra jisa vyaktike dA~ta virala-alaga-alaga hoM aura ha~sanepara tAlubhAga dikhalAI de, usa vyaktiko anya kisIkA dhana prApta hotA hai aura aisA vyakti durAcArI hotA hai / avayavAkRtike antargata hastAkRti aura lalATAkRti bhI sammilita hai / hastAkRtimeM sAta prakArake hAthoMkA varNana AyA hai1. samakoNa 5. nikRSTa 1. camaSAkAra 6. viSaya 3. dArzanika 7. mizrita 4. zilpI hastakAroMkA nirUpaNa samakoNa hAtha sabase zreSTha hai| isakA dUsarA nAma catuSkoNa bhI hai| isameM kalAI aura aMguliyoMke bIcameM hathelI aura aMguliyAM alaga-alaga nApameM samakoNAkAra hotI haiN| isa hAthake nAkhUna catuSkoNa yA caukona hote haiN| madhyamA aMgulIkI bIcako gA~Tha AkArameM kucha bar3I hotI hai| isa prakArake hAtha vAlA vyakti adhyavasAyI, sUkSmabuddhivAlA, rAjanItika, kartavyaparAyaNa, gambhIra, kalpanA-pravINa, niyamita kArya karane vAlA, vidyA vyasanI, sadAcArI, ziSTa aura kriyAniSTha hotA hai| isa prakArake hAthavAle vyakti zikSaka, vakIla, vyavasAyI, pranthakAra, masijIvI, nyAyAdhIza Adi hotA hai / camaSAkAra hAthakI aMguliyA~ mur3I huI, Ter3hI sIdhI hotI haiM / hathelI kalAIke pAsa adhika aura aMguliyoMke pAsa kama caur3I hotI hai| kisI-kisI hAyameM aMguliyoMke pAsa adhika

Page #340
jyotiSa evaM gaNita aura kalAIke pAsa kama caur3I bhI hathelI dekhI jAtI hai / yadi camaSAkAra hAtha aMguliyoMke mUlameM caur3I ho to vyakti kAryazIla aura vyavahAra pravINa hotA hai / kavi yA kalpanAzIla bhI isa prakArake hAthavAle hote haiM / ye jIvana meM upayogI padArthoMkA AviSkAra bhI karate haiM / yadi hAtha maNibandhakI ora jyAda bar3A ho to aise vyaktiyoMkI buddhi saMsArake kAryoMmeM adhika gatizIla hotI hai ora ye saMsAra meM nayI krAnti karate haiM / aMguliyoMke gAMThadAra honepara manuSya parizramI hotA hai / yadi camaSAkAra hAthakI aMguliyA~ gA~ThadAra na hoM aura cikanI hoM to vyakti hastakalA meM atyanta pravINa hotA hai / cikanI hone ke sAtha lambI aMgulI vAlA vyakti per3a-paudhoM aura khetI-bArI ke kAma meM vizeSa ruci letA hai / 295 dArzanika hAtha prAya lambA, gaThIlA, koNAkAra aura bIcameM jhukA huA hotA hai / aMguliyoM ke jor3a ubhare hue tathA nAkhUna be hote haiM / dArzadika hAthavAle vyakti bhAvuka, vivekI, AdhyAtmika, tatvajJAnI, vaijJAnika, cikitsaka, rAsAyanika, gaveSaNApriya, kartavya parAyaNa, kAryakuzala, yogI, jJAnI aura netA hote haiM / dArzanika hAthavAle svAbhimAnI aura prakRti se gambhIra hote haiM / ye adhika dhanI nahIM hote / yadi dhana prApta bhI huA to use ye zIghra hI kharca kara DAlate haiM / vyAvasAyika yA zilpI hAtha kI aMguliyA~ Upara ke sirepara patalI, mUlameM bharI huI aura moTI hotI haiM / hAthakI lambAI, caur3AI, madhyama prakArakI hotI hai / isa prakArake hAtha vAle vilAsI, zaukIna, bhAvuka, guNavAna, adhIra, AlasI, dezATana premI, vaktA, kalpanApriya evaM dharyahIna hote haiM / kisI kAmako karanemeM zIghratA karanA aura phira use binA samApta kiye hI bIca meM chor3anA unakA svabhAva hotA hai / inapara dUsaroMkA prabhAva bahuta jaldI par3atA hai / zilpI hAtha- hAtha kI pramukha vizeSatA aMguliyoMpara Azrita hai / gAMThadAra aMguliyoMke rahanese isa hAtha vAlA saundaryapremI aura aizvaryavAna hotA hai / , nikRSTa hAtha AvazyakatAse adhika moTA, bhArI aura bhadde AkArakA hotA hai / isa prakArakA hAtha khuradurA hotA hai tathA aMguliyA~ aura nAkhUna choTe evaM rekhAe~ bhI kama hotI haiM / aMgUThA choTA moTA aura caukora hotA hai / aMguliyoMkI lambAIke AdhArapara isa prakAra ke hAtha ke aneka bheda ho sakate haiM / nikRSTa hAthavAlA mandabuddhi aura duSTa prakRtikA hotA hai / pAzavikatAkI aura adhika pravRtti dekhI jAtI hai / svabhAvataH krodhI, bhIru, vAsanApriya, dhanapipAsu aura lobhI hotA hai / yaha vAsanAoM kI tRpti meM pazuoM jaisA jIvana vyatIta karatA hai / jitanI adhika bar3I hathelI hotI hai pAzavikatAkA saMketa utanA hI adhika prApta hotA hai / nikRSTa hAtha vAle zikSita ho sakate haiM kintu unakI zikSAkA upayoga svArtha sAdhanake lie hI hotA hai / viSama hAthakI saMjJA AdarzavAdI hAtha bhI prApta hotI hai / yaha hAtha dekhanemeM sundara, lambA, aMguliyA~ sirapara adhika patalI, nokadAra, mRdula, zirapara ubharI huI evaM nAkhUna lambe tathA bAdAmakI AkRtike hote haiM / isa hAthakI pramukha vizeSatA yaha hai ki aMguliyA~ Uparase patalI aura lambI hokara nIce kI orase moTI hotI haiN| isa prakArake kalpanAzIla, mahatvAkAMkSI aura adhairyazIla hote haiM / parizrama aura udyoga hAtha vAle vyakti karanese dUra rahanA

Page #341
296 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna cAhate haiN| ye svabhAvataH zAnta aura santoSI hote haiM / inapara jo bhI kRpA karatA hai, usakA ye vizvAsa karate haiM / viSama hAtha vAle vyakti na to vyavahAra kuzala hote haiM aura na tArkika hii| samaya aura niyamoMkA pAlana ye nahIM karate / rAga, raMga, zoka, duHkha, Adi to inheM prabhAvita karate hI haiM, para pUjA-arcA, bhajana, saMgIta utsava ityAdise bhI prabhAvita hote haiM / isa hAtha vAle vyaktiyoMkI eka vizeSatA yaha hai ki jisa kAmameM laga jAte haiM usa kAmako kabhI pUrA nahIM kara pAte aura bIcameM hI chor3akara apanI parAjaya svIkAra kara lete haiM / mizrita hAthameM prAyaH uparyukta samasta hAthoMke lakSaNa pAye jAte haiN| isa hAthameM tarjanI aMgulI nokadAra, madhyamA jhukI huI, anAmikA samakoNa aura kaniSThA samakoNa yA nokadAra hotI hai / ve kaThora aura zrama sAdhya kArya karanese dUra bhAgate haiN| inake jIvanakA uttarArdha adhika saphala hotA hai| jisa mizrita hAthakI aMguliyA~ samakoNa hokara Upara nokadAra hoM aura hAthakI hathelI kucha vistRta ho, to aise hAtha vAlA vyakti asthira cittake netA hote haiM aura unheM AjakI bhASAmeM dala-badalU kahA jA sakatA hai / svArthasiddhi unakA pradhAna lakSya hotA hai| ye parizrama aura udyogako apekSA chala, kapaTa aura ghUrtatAko mahatva dete haiM / ___ mRdula hAtha tathA lambI aura patalI aMguliyoM vAle vyakti ArAma pasanda, AlasI aura mahattvAkAMkSI hote haiN| inakA bAlyakAla AnandapUrvaka vyatIta hotA hai / yuvAvasthAmeM inheM akasmAta dhana aura abhyudaya prApta hote haiM / hathelIke varNa aura sparzakA bhI vicAra karanA isa sandarbha meM Avazyaka hai| isa prakAra avayavAkRtikA vivecana aura vizleSaNa vistAra pUrvaka prApta hotA hai| saMsthAna vicAra dvitIya aura tRtIya siddhAntameM avayavoMke varNa sparza mAna evaM saMsthAnakA nirUpaNa AyA hai / varNa aura sparzake vicArakI apekSAse mahatvapUrNa saMsthAnakA vicAra karanA hai / ataeva hama saMsthAnake sambandhameM do eka Avazyaka tathyoMkA nirUpaNa kareMge / saMsthAnase hamArA tAtparya aMgoM ke natonnata, vistAra evaM unakI yathAsthAna sthitise hai / udAharaNArtha sirako liyA jA sakatA hai / isake cAra bhAga haiM-(1) mastaka, (2) mUrdhA, (3) kapola aura (4) sirakA pArzva bhaag| mastakake saMsthAnase buddhi, mUrdhA ke saMsthAnase dhArmika aura tAtvika vicAra, kapolase zarIra rakSA aura prabandha zakti evaM sirake pArzva bhAvase sAmAjika aura gArhasthika premakA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / uparyukta sira bhAga jitane paripuSTa, yathAsthAna sthita aura snigdha hote haiM, bhaviSyatkAlIna ghaTanAoMko sUcanA utanI hI spaSTa hotI hai| sirake saMsthAnakA spaSTIkaraNa rekhAgaNita dvArA prastuta kiyA jAtA hai| kalpanAkI ki zirameM tIna bindu haiM / 'a' bindu trikuTI, para 'ba' bindu zikhApara aura 'sa' bindu karNapara hai| ina tInoM binduoMke milAnese a, ba, sa eka tribhuja banA / jisakI AdhAra rekhA a-ba trikuTI aura zikhAko milA denepara hogI / yahA~ mastaka samApta ho kara keza prArambha hote haiM / isa trikuTI sthAnapara eka 'da' bindu mAna liyA aura isa binduse zirake Asa-pAsako golAI nApI jA sakatI hai| isa tribhujakI donoM bhujAeM a-sa aura ba-sa prAyaH mamAna honI cAhie / ba-sa se sira kA unnata bhAga bhora bha-sa se sirakA AyAma nAnA jaaegaa| yadi ba-sa rekhA a-sa se bar3I ho

Page #342
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 297 to isa saMsthAna vAlA vyaMkti AviSkAraka, maulika, pratibhAvAna, tAtvika aura bauddhika guNoMse sampanna hotA hai / yadi ba, sa se a-sa rekhA eka iMcase adhika bar3I ho to isa saMsthAnakA vyakti uccakoTikA nyAyazIla aura rASTrakA mahAn netA hotA hai / pUjya rASTrapitA mahAtmA gAdhI ke mastakakA saMsthAna uparyukta hI thA / yadi a-sa rekhA ba-sa rekhAse adhika hai, arthAt Ayatana unnata bhAgase adhika hai to vyakti vyavahAra kuzala, dakSa aura zAsanapaTu hotA hai / isa prakArakA saMsthAna pradhAnamaMtrI thA mukhya mantrI honekA sUcaka hai / yahA~ yaha dhyAtavya hai ki caur3AIse U~cAImeM kamase kama eka iMcakA antara apekSita hai / isa antarake nyUnAdhika hone se phalAdeza meM bhI antara ho jAtA hai / yadi U~cAI aura nicAI samAna haiM yA unameM bahuta hI antara hai athavA AdhAra rekhAse arthAt Ayatanase karNa rekhA arthAt unnata rekhA lambI ho to vyaktike caritrameM una rekhAoMke anupAtAnusAra guNoMkA bodha hotA hai / isa prakArase saMsthAnakA vicAra vividha rUpoMmeM kiyA gayA hai / suvyavasthita saMsthAnake lie Ayatana aura unnata bhAgakI samAnatA apekSita hai / isameM jitanI hInAdhikatA rahatI hai, utanA hI vyaktikA caritra asthira mAnA jAtA hai / hamane pUrva meM jisa tribhujakI carcAkI hai usakI aba rekhAmeM da bindupara do bhAga kiye gaye haiM / yadi a da barAbara da ba ke ho to dhAraNAzakti aura prabandha zaktikI vizeSatA prakaTa hotI hai| Adarza sirakI paridhi sAmAnyataH 22 / / iMca mAnI gayI hai / yaha paridhi da binduse ghUma kara punaH da bindu taka honI cAhie / saMsthAna ke sambandha meM aMga, upAMga aura AMgopAMga ina tInoMkA vicAra kiyA hai / pUrvokta tribhujakI AkRti nimna prakAra hai va da sa spaSTa hai ki saMsthAna meM Ayatana, AyAma, natonnata aura gAmbharya sammilita haiM / mastaka, nIce kI ora caur3A ho aura UparakI ora choTA ho to vyakti jhakkI hotA hai| nIce, capaTe aura caur3e mastaka meM vicAra, kAryazakti aura kalpanAkI kamI aura udAratAkA abhAva rahatA hai / cor3A aura DhAlU mastaka honese vyakti cAlAka, catura aura gambhIra hotA hai| unnata aura caur3e lalATa vAle vyakti vidvAn hote haiM / U~cA sIdhA aura AbhApUrNa lalATa honepara lekhaka, kavi, rAjanItijJa aura arthazAstrI honekI sUcanA prApta hotI hai / AbhA vicAra isa siddhAntake antargata avayavoMkI AbhAkA bhI vicAra kiyA gayA hai / AbhAkA vahI mahatva hai jo sundara aura bhavya bhavana meM raMgAI aura putAIkA haiM AbhA rahanese vyaktike vyaktitva 38

Page #343
298 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna kA vikAsa dRSTigocara hotA hai / jisa vyaktike AMgopAMga AbhArahita hote haiM vaha daridra, dukhI aura nAnA prakArake rogoMse pIDita rahatA hai / AbhA kA parijJAna bIja gaNitake siddhAntoM ke AdhArapara bhI kiyA jAtA hai / AcAryoMne AbhAkA madhyama mAna 'ka' arthAt zarIra ke tApamAna 99 ke tulya mAnA hai / AbhA ke parijJAnake lie prAcIna bhAratameM eka yantra vizeSa banatA thA / jisameM madhyamAna aMkita rahatA thA aura spaSTa mAnake lie gaNita kriyAkI jAtI thI / yaha yantra vartamAna tharmAmITarake samAna hI thA / isakA prayoga AbhAjJAnake lie pratyeka avayavake mUlAdhAra cakrapara kiyA jAtA thA / jyotiSa ke siddhAntoMke anusAra zarIrake pratyeka avayava meM mUlAdhAra cakrakI sthiti hai / anya cakra bhI pratyeka avayava meM sthita rahate haiM / vyaJjana nimitta vicAra vyaMjana nimittakA varNana aMga vidyAke antargata hai / vyaMjanoM meM tila, massA cihna vizeSa AdikI gaNanA kI gayI hai / ye puruSake zarIra meM dAhinI ora aura nArIke zarIra meM bAyIM ora zubha mAne jAte haiM / puruSakI hathelI meM tila honese usake bhAgya kI vRddhi hotI hai / pAdatala meM honese vyakti zAsaka hotA hai / kapAlake dakSiNa pArzva meM tila hone se vyakti dhanavAna aura sambhrAnta vAmapArzva yA bhauMha meM tila hone se kArya nAza aura AzAbhaMga, dAhinI orakI hameM tila hone se do vivAha, netrake kone meM tila honese adhyavasAya kI siddhi evaM gaNDasthala yA kapola meM tila hone se vyakti madhyama vitta vAlA hotA hai / tilake sambandha meM vicAra karate samaya usake varNa, sparza gAmbhIrya, AyAma, paridhi evaM vyAsa AdikA bhI vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai / jisa tilakI paridhi, jisa aMga para tila hai usakI paridhikA jitanevAM aMza hotI hai, utane hI aMza pramANa mUla phalakI prApti hotI hai / yadi aMgako paridhise tilakI paridhi pacAsava aMza ho to tilakA phala jIvanake pUrvArdha meM prApta hotA hai aura pacAsaveM aMzase jitanA aMza adhika baDhatA jAtA hai utane aMza pramANa phalakI prApti jIvanake uttarArdha meM hotI hai / isa prakAra AcAryoMne kAna, kapola, kaNTha, hasta, pAda, jAMgha, nitamba, bhauMha, vakSasthala, udara, stana, guha, yapradeza, nAsikA, netra, gaNDasthala Adi sthAnoMpara hone vAle tiloMkA vyAsa, paridhi aura koNAMzoMkA Anayana kara vivAha, prema, dhana, zikSA, abhyudaya, sammAna, sukha-dukha, roga, ariSTa, mRtyu Adi phaloM ke AnayanakI vidhikA ullekha kiyA hai / svaranimitta vicAra svaranimittakA vicArabhI aMga vidyAke antargata hai / isameM cetana prANiyoM aura acetana vastuoM ke zabda suna kara zubhAzubhakA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| isake antargata mukhya rUpase svadhvanike atirikta kAka, ullU, billI, kuttA Adike zabdoMkA vicAra bhI kiyA jAtA hai / yadyapi aMga vidyAke sAtha para-svarakA sambandha ucita pratIta nahIM hotA, para sva svarake varNana sandarbha meM para-svara kA bhI vicAra kiyA gayA hai / vyaktikA zabda jitanA komala, kaThora, madhura, kaTu aura rukSa rahatA hai, usIke anusAra usake svabhAva, guNa aura caritrakA bodha hotA hai / nAracandrane svarakI madhuratAkA mAna gaNita dvArA nikAlA hai / madhyama mAna dhaivata svarake tulya hai / isa madhyama mAnase jitanA adhika yA kama svarameM mAdhuryaM rahatA hai vyaktike caritrameM utanA hI utthAna aura patana hotA hai| svara nimittakA mUla uddezya vyaktike caritrakA vizleSaNa

Page #344
jyotiSa ebaM gaNita 299 karanA hai / aura isa vizleSaNa kramameM bAhya aura Antarika vyaktitvase sambandhita guNoMpara vicAra kiyA hai / audyogika aura vyAvasAyika pragati, zikSA, zramazIlatA, vikAsa, unnatike avasaroMkI prAptikA nirNaya svarake gaNita dvArA kiyA gayA hai / svara-dhvani vijJAnake sambandha meM tIna prakArake gaNita mAna pracalita haiM 1. mAdhurya-madhyama mAna dhaivata = dha, gha, gha, dha, dha,............dhaa = dhaka = dhaivata + gha....""ghaa, dhaka = 1. komala-madhyamAna-kokilako kUja = ka = ka + 1 + ka 1 + .... 3. utkSepaNa-dUra pahu~canekI zakti-madhyama mAna-zAnta sarovarakI lahara, pratilava 10 hAtha svara siddhAntakA eka anya pahalU nAsikA chidrase Ane vAlA zvAsa-nizvAsa bhI hai| dinarAtameM manuSyake zvAsa niHzvAsa ikkIsa hajAra cha: sau calate haiN| aura DhAI-DhAI ghaTIke antarase zvAsa niHzvAsoMmeM parivartana hotA hai / eka bAra dakSiNa nAsikA chidrase DhAI ghaTI to dUsarI bAra vAma nAsikA chidrase DhAI ghaTo zvAsa calatA hai| isa prakAra eka hajAra ATha sau zvAsa dakSiNa nAsikA chidrase aura itane hI zvAsa vAma nAsikA chidrase nikalate haiM / dakSiNa nAsikA chidrase calane vAle zvAsoMko piMgalA nADI kahA jAtA hai| yaha nADI atiuSNa rahatI hai / yaha sUryakA sthAna hai| yogazAstrameM maNipura cakra sIdhe nAbhike nIce hai aura isI cakrapara sUryakA adhiSThAna mAnA gayA hai| isI prakAra vAma nAsikA chidrase nikalane vAle vAyukI nADI iDA mAnI jAtI hai| ise candranADI bhI kahA hai| manuSyake sirake vAma bhAgameM vAma netrake UparI bhAgameM candrakA sthAna mAnA gayA hai| yahAM amRtakA nirmANa hotA hai / yaha amRta eka prakArakA drava padArtha hai, jisase manuSyakI jIvana zakti calatI hai| jaba vAma nAsikA chidrase zvAsa anAhata cakra taka jA kara punaH vApasa lauTa AtA hai taba tIsarI suSumnA nADI arthAt sUrya aura candra nADIkA sandhi sthAna AtA hai| yahA~para maMgala grahakI sthiti hai| ina tInoM svaroMse sva zarIra evaM svake bhaviSya parijJAnake sAtha anyake zubhAzubhatvako bhI jAnA jAtA hai / svarake sambandhameM anya graha guru, budha, zukra, rAhu aura ketukA vicAra bhI kiyA hai / yoga kriyAnusAra mUlAdhArapara budha aura rAhukI sthiti hai| svAdhiSThAnapara zukra, maNipUrapara ravi, anAhatapara maMgala, vizuddhapara candra, AjJApara guru aura sahasrArapara zanikI sthiti hai| svarako ucita kriyA dvArA nADiyoMke parijJAnase vizeSa-vizeSa phaloMkI jAnakArI hotI hai / budha aura rAhu mokSamArgakI ora pravRtta aura jAgRta karate haiM / zukrase kAma vAsanAoMke utAra car3hAva, sAMsArika, abhyudaya, vivAha, zikSA evaM pragatikI jAnakArI hotI hai| maNipura sthita ravi sAmAjika aura rAjanItika pragatikI sUcanA detA hai / anAhata sthita maMgalase bhUmi, gRha, adhikAra evaM pezekI sUcanA milatI hai / vizuddha cakrapara sthita candra Ayu, sukha dukha evaM pArivArika sukhakA sUcaka hai / svara dvArA jJAta guruse vicAra, tarka, tAtvika-cintana, vyaktitva evaM jIvanameM ghaTita honevAle mahatvapUrNa abhyudayoMkI sUcanA prApta hotI hai| zani saMgharSakA sUcaka hai / isa prakAra aGgavidyAke antargata svara-nimitta kA vicAra kiyA hai| lakSaNa nimittakI gaNanA bhI aGga vidyAmeMkI gayI hai| aGgoM yA rekhAoMmeM rahane vAle svastika, kalaza, zaMkha, cakra, matsya Adi cihna vyaktike svAsthya abhyudaya evaM caritrake

Page #345
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna sUcaka hote haiM / aise zubha lakSaNoMko dekhakara phala nirUpaNa to kiyA hI gayA hai / para ina zubha lakSaNoM kA gaNita dvArA pariNAma nikAla kara sUkSma phalAdezakA kathana bhI kiyA hai| zaMkha ke cihnakA gaNita dIghra vRttake anusAra nikAlA gayA hai / rekhAoMkA vicAra 300 hastapAda aura lalATakI rekhAoMkA siddhAnta bahuta vistRta hai / hasta rekhAoMmeM Ayu yA bhoga rekhA, mAtR rekhA, pitR rekhA, Urdhva rekhA yA bhAgya rekhA, maNibandha rekhA aura zukra nibandhinI rekhAe~ pradhAna haiM / jo rekhA kaniSThA aMgulise Arambha kara tarjanI ke mUlAbhimukha gamana karatI hai, usakI saMjJA Ayu rekhA hai / kucha AcArya ise bhoga rekhA bhI kahate haiM / bhoga rekhAkA madhyamamAna eka sau bIsa varSa mAnA gayA hai / yaha rekhA chinna-bhinna na ho, susnigdha, sarala aura spaSTa rUpameM tarjanI taka vyApta ho to pUrNa Ayu hotI hai / kaniSThA aMgulike mUlase anAmikA mUla taka isake vistRta honepara 62 varSakI Ayu mAnI jAtI hai / isa rekhAko jitanI kSudra rekhAe~ kATatI haiM utanI hI Ayu kama ho jAtI hai / isa rekhAke choTI aura moTI honepara bhI vyakti alpAyu hotA hai / isa rekhA ke zrRMkhalAkAra hone se vyakti lampaTa aura utsAhahIna hotA hai / yaha rekhA jaba choTI-choTI rekhAoMse kaTI huI ho to vyakti jIvana meM asaphala rahatA hai / isa rekhA ke mUla meM budha sthAna meM zAkhA na rahane se santAna nahIM hotI / zani sthAna ke nimna dezameM mAtR rekhAke sAtha isa rekhA ke saMyukta ho jAnepara akasmAt durghaTanA dvArA mRtyu hotI hai / yadi yaha rekhA zrRMkhalAkAra hokara zani sthAna meM mila jAe to vyakti kI hatyA kisI strI premake kAraNa hotI hai / zani sthAnake dakSiNa meM mAtR rekhAke milanese dhanake kAraNa vyakti kI hatyA kI jAtI haiM / jJAna pradIpikAmeM gaNita dvArA Ayu rekhAparase vyaktikI AyukA parijJAna prApta kiyA gayA hai / Ayu rekhA pArzva meM jo dUsarI tarjanIke nimna dezameM gayI hai, usakI saMjJA mAtR rekhA hai / yaha rekhA zani sthAna yA zanisthAnake nIce taka lambI ho to akAla mRtyu hotI hai / jisa vyaktikI mAtR aura pitR rekhAe~ milatI nahIM, vaha vizeSa vicAra karane meM asamartha rahatA hai aura kArya meM zIghra hI pravRtta ho jAtA hai / isa prakArakI rekhAvAlA vyakti AtmAbhimAnI, abhinetA, satparAmarzadAtA aura ghanika hotA hai tathA isa prakArake vyaktiko paitRka sampatti kI prApti hotI hai / yadi yaha rekhA TUTa jAe to mastaka meM coTa lagatI hai tathA vyakti aMgahIna hotA hai| yaha rekhA lambI ho aura hAthameM anya bahuta sI rekhAe~ hoM to vyakti vipattikAlameM Atmadamana karanevAlA hotA hai| isa rekhAke mUlameM kucha antara para yadi pitR rekhA ho to manuSya paramukhApekSI aura Darapoka hotA hai / mAtRrekhA sarala na hokara budha ke sthAnAbhimukhI ho to vANijya-vyavasAya meM lAbha hotA hai / yadi yaha rekhA kaniSThA aura anAmikA bIcakI ora Ave to zilpa dvArA unnati hotI hai / yaha rekhA ravike sthAna meM jAe to zilpo, vidyAnurAgI aura yazaH priya vyakti hotA hai / yaha rekhA bhAgya rekhAko chedakara zani sthAnameM jAtI hai to mastaka meM coTa lagane se mRtyu hotI hai / Ayu rekhAke samIpa isake honese zvAsa roga hotA hai / isa rekhAke Upara yava cihna honese vidvAn aura tyAgI hotA hai / mAtR aura pitR donoM rekhAoM ke atyanta choTe honese vyakti alpAyu hotA hai /

Page #346
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 301 jo rekhA karatala mUlake madhya sthAnase nikalakara sAdhAraNataH mAtR rekhAke Urdhva dezakA sparza karatI hai athavA usake nikaTa pahu~catI hai usakI saMjJA pitR rekhA hai / kucha vicAraka ise Ayu rekhA bhI kahate haiM / yaha rekhA caur3I aura vivarNa ho to manuSya rugNa, nIca svabhAva, durbala aura IrSyAlu hotA hai / donoM hAthoMmeM pitR rekhAke choTI honese alpAyu sUcita hotI hai| pitR rekhAke zrRMkhalAkRti honese vyakti rugNa, durbala aura madhyamAyu hotA hai / do pitR rekhA honese vyakti dIrghAyu, vilAsI, sukhI aura kisIke dhanakA uttarAdhikArI banatA hai / pitR rekhAmeM zAkhAoMke nikalanese nasa jAla kamajora rahatA hai / candra sthAna taka jAnevAlI pitRrekhA saMgharSa, kaSTa aura uttara jIvanameM vipattikI sUcanA detI hai / pitR rekhAkI koI zAkhA budha kSetrameM praviSTa ho to vyavasAyameM unnati, zAstra cintana, khyAti, lAbha evaM aizvarya prApti hotI hai / pitR rekhAse do rekhAe~ nikalakara eka candra aura dUsarI zukra sthAnameM jAe to manuSya videzameM pragati karatA hai| candrasthAnameM koI rekhA Akara pitR rekhA ko kATe to 35 varSa kI avasthAmeM pakSAghAtakI sUcanA prApta hotI hai| jaba mAtR, pitR Ayu ye tInoM rekhAe~ eka sthAna para milatI haiM to durghaTanA dvArA mRtyukI sUcaka hotI hai| pitR rekhAmeM choTI choTI rekhAe~ Akara catuSkoNa utpanna kareM to svajanoMse virodha utpanna hotA hai| aura jIvana meM aneka sthAnoM para asaphalatAe~ prApta hotI haiM / __ jo sIdhI rekhA pitR rekhAke mUlake samIpa Arambha hokara madhyamA agulikI ora gamana karatI hai use Urdhva rekhA kahate haiN| jisakI Urdhva rekhA pitR rekhAse nikalatI hai vaha apanI ceSTAse sukha aura saubhAgya lAbha karatA hai| Urdhva rekhA hastatalake bIcase nikalakara budha sthAna taka jAe to vANijya vyavasAyameM athavA vakratA aura vijJAna meM unnati hotI hai / ravi sthAna taka jAnevAlI Urdhva rekhA sAhitya aura zilpameM unnatikI sUcanA detI hai| yaha rekhA madhyamA aMgulise jitanI Upara uThegI utanA hI zubha phala prApta hogaa| Urdhva rekhAse unnati, avanati, bhAgyodaya, avasthA vizeSa meM kaSTa, sukha, durghaTanAe~, akasmAt, vastulAbha Adi bAtoM kI sUcanA prApta hotI hai| jisake hAthameM Urdhva rekhA nahIM rahatI hai, vaha vyakti zithilAcArI udyamahIna evaM kaThinAIse saphalatA prApta karanevAlA hotA hai| tarjanIse lekara mUla taka Urdhva rekhAke spaSTa honese vyakti rAjadUta hotA hai / madhyamA aMgulike mUla taka jisakI Urdhva rekhA dikhalAI par3e vaha sukhI, vaibhavazAlI aura putra pautrAdi samanvita hotA hai| jisa vyaktike maNibandhameM tIna suspaSTa sarala rekhAe~ hoM, vaha dIrghajIvI, svastha zarIra aura saubhAgyazAlI hotA hai| maNibandha rekhAe~ kalAI para hotI haiM, aura inakA phalAphala grahoMke sthAnoMke anusAra nizcita kiyA jAtA hai / maNibandha rekhAoMkA vistArapUrvaka vivecana aMga vidyAke granthoMmeM milatA hai| tarjanI aura madhyamA aMgulIke bIcase nikalakara anAmikA aura kaniSThAke madhya sthala taka jAnevAlI rekhA zukra nibandhinI kahalAtI hai / isa rekhAke bhagna yA bAhu zAkhA viziSTa honepara hRdaya rogoMkA adhyayana kiyA jAtA hai| bRhaspati sthAnase ardha candrAkAra rekhA budha sthAna taka jAtI hai to vyakti ema0 pI0 yA ema0 ela0 e0 hotA hai| ___ ukta pramukha rekhAoMke varNanake sAtha sUrya rekhA, mastaka rekhA, hRdaya rekhA, jJAna rekhA, zilpa rekhA jaisI aneka choTI choTI rekhAoMkA bhI vivecana AyA hai / ina choTI rekhAoMkI saMkhyA kula milAkara 108 hai /

Page #347
302 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna grahoMkA nirdeza aura unakA phala rekhAoMke varNanake atirikta hAthameM grahoMke sthAnoMkA nirdeza bhI kiyA gayA hai / tarjanIke mUlameM gurukA sthAna, madhyamA aMgulike mUlameM zanikA sthAna, anAmikAke mUla pradezameM ravi-sthAna, kaniSThakAke mUlameM budha sthAna aura aMguSThake mUla pradeza meM zukra sthAna hai / maMgalake do sthAna hai-prathama tarjanI aura aMgUTheke bIca meM pitR rekhAke samApti sthAnake nIce dvitIya budha sthAnake nIce aura candra sthAnake Upara Urdhva rekhA tathA pitR rekhAke nIce vAle sthAna meM hai / maMgala sthAnake nIce maNibandhake Upara taka karatalake pArzva bhAgake sthAnako candrasthAna kahate haiM / sUryake sthAnake unnata honese vyakti caMcala hotA hai / saMgIta tathA anyAnya kalAoMkA vidvAn evaM naye viSayoMkA AviSkAraka hotA hai / ravi aura budhakA sthAna ucca honese vyakti vijJa, zAstra-vizArada aura suvaktA hotA hai / yadi ina donoM grahoMke sthAna ati ucca hoM to abhyudaya adhika prApta hotA hai para durvyasanoMmeM usakA upabhoga hotA hai / isa prakAra AcAryoMne grahoMke sthAna, unakA uccatva, una para gayI huI rekhAeM, grahoM para sthita cihna vizeSa Adi sambandhoMse vibhinna prakArake phalAdezoMkA aMkana kiyA hai / itanA hI nahIM, rekhAoM aura grahoMke sambandhase svabhAva, caritra, gaNa, svAsthya, lAbhAlAbha. unnatike avasara, ghaTita honevAlI ghaTanAeM' pArivArika sukha AdikA bhI vivecana kiyA hai| hasta-saMjIvanameM pAMca rekhAoMko pradhAnatA dI hai / mada rekhA, dhana rekhA, prArabdha rekhA, madhyarekhA aura Urva rekhA, naya rekhA maNibandhase nikalakara zani-kSetra taka jAtI hai| isI prakAra maNibandha sthAnase nikalane vAlI jIvana rekhA evaM bhAgya rekhAoMkA bhI vicArakara janmatithi, janmamAsa, janma laganakA bhI vicAra kiyA hai| isa vicArake lie dhruvAMka sthira kiye haiM jinake AdhArase varSa phala aura janma-kuNDalI AdikA nirmANa sambhava hai| abhI taka ina dhruvAMkoMkI niSpattikA koI kAraNa jJAta nahIM ho sakA hai| inakI kalpanAkA kyA kAraNa hai aura kyoM ye dhruvAMka nizcita kiye gaye haiM, yaha ajJAta hai / para itanA tathya hai ki ina dhruvAMkoM parase gaNita vidhi karanepara phalAdeza janma kuNDalIke samakakSa hI prApta hotA hai / isa prakAra aMga vidyAkA uttarottara vikAsa hotA rahA hai aura isakA viSaya kSetra Adhunika sAmudrika zAstrase adhika vikasita hai|

Page #348
jaina paJcAMga jaina paJcAMgakI praNAlI bahuta prAcIna hai| jisa samaya bhAratavarSameM jyotiSake gaNita sambandhI granthoMkA pracAra vizeSa rUpase nahIM huA thA, usa samaya bhI jaina jyotiSa bahuta pallavita aura puSpita thaa| tithi, vAra, nakSakSa, yoga aura karaNa ina pAMcoMkA hI nAma paJcAGga hai / inakI prakriyA jaisI jaina gaNita-jyotiSake granthoM meM hai vaisI anyatra ekAdha granthameM hI dekhaneko milegii| tithi-sUrya aura candramAke antarAzoMse tithi banatI hai, aura inakA mAna 12 aMzoMke barAbara hotA hai| kyoMki sUrya aura candramA apanI gatise gamana karate hue 30 dinameM 360 aMzoMse antarita hote haiM / madhyama mAnase tithikA mAna 12 aMza arthAta 60 ghaTI athavA 30 muhUrta hotA hai| nakSatra-pratyeka grahakA bhinna-bhinna nakSatra mAna hotA hai| kintu paJcAGgake liye candra nakSatrako hI liyA jAtA hai / isIko dainika nakSatra bhI kahate haiM / jaina AcAryoMne gagana-khaNDa mAnakara pratyeka grahake nakSatrakA sAdhana sugama rItise kiyA hai| jaina AcAryoMkI mAnyatAse sUrya nakSatrakA madhyama mAna 14 dinase adhika aura 15 dinase kama AtA hai| budha guru Adike nakSatroMkA mAna to madhyama rItise 13 dinake lagabhaga AtA hai / yoga-yaha sUrya aura candramAke yogase paidA hotA hai / prAcIna jaina granthameM muhUrta Adi ke liye isako pradhAna aGga diyA gayA hai| vyatIpAta, parigha, gaNDa-inakA tyAga to pratyeka zubhakAryameM kahA gayA hai| gaNita-zAstrakI rItise sUrya candramAke dainika gagana-khaNDake yogameM 800 kA bhAga denese labdha ghaTikAdi rUpa yoga AtA hai| karaNa-yaha tithikA AdhA bhAga hotA hai / kula 11 karaNa hote haiM, jinameMse 7 karaNa cara saMjJaka hai, aura zeSa cAra karaNa sthiti saMjJaka haiM jo nizcita tithiyoMmeM hI Ate haiN| parantu cara saMjJaka karaNoMmeMse eka karaNa pUrvArdha tithimeM aura dUsarA uttarArddha meM AtA hai| jaina paJcAGgameM yugakA mAna 5 varSa liyA gayA hai| isI paJcavarSAtmaka yugaparase candranakSatra evaM sUryAdi nakSatra, yoga AdikA sAdhana kiyA hai| isa yugakA Arambha abhijit nakSatrase hotA hai / eka cAndra varSa meM 354 dina 553 muhUrta hote haiM, aura eka yugase 60 saura mAsa, 61 sAvana mAsa, 62 cAndra mAsa aura 67 nAkSatra mAsa hote haiM / eka nAkSatra varSa = 32751 dina eka cAndra varSa = 35413 dina eka sAvana varSa = 360 dina eka saura varSa = 366 dina adhikamAsa sahita eka cAndra varSa = 383 dina 2116 mu0 / eka 5 varSIya yugameM candramA abhijit nakSatrakA bhoga 67 bAra karatA hai, ye hI 67 candramAke bhagaNa kahalAte haiM / ataH paMcavarSIya eka yugake dinAdikA mAna isa prakAra hogA :

Page #349
304 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna eka yugameM saura dina = cAndra mAsa = cAndra dina kSaya dina bhagaNa vA nakSatrodaya " 11 2 bhAdrapada 3 Azvina 4 kArtika 5 mArgazIrSa 6 pauSa 30 1830 cAndra bhagaNa = 67 1768 cAndra sAvana dina = eka saura varSa meM nakSatrodaya eka ayanase dUsare ayana paryanta saura dina = 180 367 eka ayanase dUsare ayana taka sAvana dina = 183 "1 vartamAna mahInoMke nAma 1 zrAvaNa phAlguna = = = prAcIna jaina mahInoMke nAma bhI vartamAna mahInoMke nAmoMse bhinna milate haiM / unakA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai : 1800 62 1860 = prAcIna jaina mahInoMke nAma abhinanda sapratiSThA vijayA prativardhana zrIyAn ziva 7 mAgha 8 9 caitra 10 vaizAkha 11 jyeSTha 12 ASAr3ha jaina Agama meM saMvatsarakA mAna cAra prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai / (1) nAkSatra saMvatsara = 12 nAkSatra mAsa = 12 x 2737 dina = 32767 dina (2) yugasaMvatsara (3) pramAna saMvatsara (4) zani saMvatsara zizira haimavAn vasanta kusumasaMbhava nidAgha dAna-virodhI inameM se pahale nAkSatra samvatsarake 12 bheda haiM / zrAvaNa, bhAdrapada Adi / jaba bRhaspati sabhI nakSatra samUhako bhogakara punaH abhijit para AtA hai taba yaha mahAnAkSatra saMvatsara hotA hai / isakA samaya 12 varSakA hai / = cAndravarSa = 2933 x 12 = 354 + 3 dina adhika mAsa sahita cAndravarSa : 3836 dina sauravarSa = 12 x 30 = 366 dina /

Page #350
jyotiSa evaM gaNita eka paMcavarSIya yugameM 24 parva hote haiM / dhamAna saMvatsarake pAMca bheda haiM : 305 (1) sAbana (2) saura (3) cAndra (4) bArhaspati (5) nAkSatra / inameMse sAvana saMvatsara ko karma-saMvatsara bhI kahate haiM / isake karma saMvatsara nAma par3anekA yaha kAraNa mAlUma par3atA hai ki sAdhAraNa kAmakAjI loga 360 dinameM hI apane varSake kAryako pUrA karate haiM / isIse isa saMvatsarakA nAma karma saMvatsara par3A hogA / 12 eka cAndra saMvatsarameM 35413 dina hote haiM; ataeva eka cAndra mAsameM 35413 2933 dina hote haiM aura eka cAndramAsameM do pakSa hote haiM / isIlie 2933 dina = 2933 dina - 2933415 mUhUrta - 44233 muhUrta zukla pakSa aura itane hI muhUrta kRSNa pakSake bhI hote haiN| isa hisAba se eka tithikA mAna - 29 dina here, dina- 30=2913 muhUrta / tithike bhI dina aura rAtrike bhedase do bheda haiN| saura dinakI apekSAse dina tithi aura rAtri tithike pAMca-pAMca bheda hai| unakA krama isa prakAra hai / D (1) nandA (2) bhadrA (3) jayA (4) tukA (5) pUrNA / aura rAtri tithike ye bheda hai (1) anAvartI (2) bhogavartI (yA somato ) (4) sarvasiddhA (5) zubhanAmanI / jaina jyotiSakI gaNanAse eka varSa meM 5 Rtue~ hotI haiM (1) varSA (2) zarada (3) zizira ( 4 ) vasanta ( 5 ) grISma / ye Rtue~ bhI cAndra aura saura donoM hI prakArakI hotIM haiM / jaina gramboMke uttarAyaNa aura dakSiNAyanakA vicAra bhI prAcIna tathA arvAcIna hindU jyotiSa granthoMse bhinna hai| sUrya prajJapti meM ayanakA vicAra bhI isa prakAra likhA hai : sAvaNa bahula paDivae bAlavakaraNe abhijinnakSatre / samvattha paDamasamaye juassa Adi viyANAhi // tatra uttarAyaNaM kurvan sUryaH sarvadaiva abhizA nakSatreNa saha yogamupAgacchati / dakSiNAyanaM kurvan puSyeSeti ca / 39 arthAt zrAvaNa badI pratipad bAlavakaraNa, abhijita nakSatra meM dakSiNAyana prArambha hotA hai / yaha yugakA pahalA dakSiNAyana hai| eka yugake zeSa ayanoMkA varNana isa prakAra hai :prathamA bahula paDivara viiyA bahulassa terisIdivase / suddhassa ya dasamIe bahulassa ya saptamIe u // suddhassa cautthIe pavattaye paMcamI u AuTTI / emA AbuddhIyo savvAo sAvaNe mAse / bahulassa sattamIe paDamA suddhassa to cautthIe ! bahulassaya paDivae bahulassa ya terisI divase // suddhassa ya dasamIe pavattae paMcamI AuTThI / enA AuThThIo sabbAo mAhamAsammi //

Page #351
306 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna ataH eka yugameM ayana isa prakArake hoMge sUrya prajJapti ke anusAra ayanavRtti tithi ayana mAsa aura pakSa nakSatra dakSiNAyana zrAvaNakRSNa pratipat uttarAyaNa mAgha kRSNa | saptamI dakSiNAyana zrAvaNakRSNa trayodazI uttarAyaNa mAgha zukla caturthI dakSiNAyana zrAvaNa zu0 dazamI uttarAyaNa | mAgha kRSNa pratipat puSya dakSiNAyana zrAvaNakRSNa saptamI revatI uttarAyaNa mAgha kRSNa trayodazI mUla dakSiNAyana zrAvaNa zu0 navamI pUrvAphA0 uttarAyaNa mAghakRSNa trayodazI kRttikA vedAGgajyotiSa ke anusAra ayanavRtti mAsa aura pakSa tithi nakSatra ayana abhijit uttarAyaNa mAgha zukla pratipat dhaniSThA hasta | dakSiNAyana | zrAvaNa zukla saptamI citrA mRgazira uttarAyaNa mAgha zukla trayodazI ArdrA zatabhipa dakSiNAyana zrAvaNa zukla caturthI vizAkhA uttarAyaNa mAgha kRSNa dazamI dakSiNAyana | zrAvaNa zukla pratipat uttarAyaNa mAgha zukla saptamI dakSiNAyana | zrAvaNa zukla trayodazI pUrvASAr3hA uttarAyaNa mAgha kRSNa caturthI uttarAphAlgunI dakSiNAyana zrAvaNa kRSNa dazamI rohiNI pUrvAbhAdrapad anurAdhA AzleSA azvinI isa cakra se bhI pratIta hotA hai ki jaina zAstroMkI ayanavRtti hindU jyotiSa granthoMse nahIM milatI hai / kyoMki hindU jyotiSa granthoM meM sabase prAcIna jyotiSa grantha 'vedAGga jyotiSa' hai aura isakI avanapravRtti jaina prakriyA se bhinna hai, ataeva yaha mAnanA par3egA ki jaina jyotiSa svatantra hai / parantu bAdameM vikasita nahIM huA hai aura isIse yaha pichar3a gayA hai / parva aura tithiyoM meM nakSatra lAnekA jaina jyotiSakA prakAra yaha hai : nakSatrANAM parAvarta candrisambandhinAmatha | brUmahe pratyahorAtraM sUrya sambandhinAmapi // bhavatyabhijidArambho yugasya prathamakSaNe / asya pUrvoktA zItAMzu bhogakAlAdanantaram // zrAvaNaM syAttasya cendubhogakAlanatikrame / dhaniSThetyevamAdIni jJeyAni nikhilAnyapi // athendunA bhujyamAnamahorAtre vivakSate / iSTe tithau ca nakSatraM jJAtuM karaNamucyate // ityAdi kAla loka prakAza pR0 114 / arthAt yugAdimeM abhijit nakSatra hotA hai / candramA abhijitko bhoga kara zravaNase zurU hotA hai aura agrima pratipatko maghA nakSatra para AtA hai| isa prakAra se sampUrNa parva aura tithiyoM meM nakSatra lAne caahie| isake gaNitakA niyama isa prakAra hai - parvakI saMkhyAko 15 se guNAkara gata tithi saMkhyAko jor3akara jo ho usameM 2 ghaTA kara zeSa meM 82 kA bhAga dene se jo zeSa rahe usameM 27 kA bhAga denepara jo zeSa Ave, utanI hI saMkhyA vAlA nakSatra hotA hai, parantu nakSatra gaNanA kRttikAse lenI cAhiye /

Page #352
candra gagana khaNDa = 1768 ravi gagana khaNDa = 1830 nakSatra gagana khaNDa = 1835 630x1 67 madhyama abhijitakA mAna 630 gagana khaNDa, jaghanya nakSatroMkA 1805 gagana - khaNDa, nakSatroMke 2010 gagana-khaNDa, uttama nakSatroMke 3015 gagana khaNDa haiM / yaha nakSatroMkI kalAtmaka * maryAdAkA mAna hai / isa parase candramAke pratyeka nakSatrakA mAna isa prakAra hogA (1835-1768) = 67 candramAko kalAtmaka svataMtra gati hai / isa gatikA candramA kI maryAdAmeM bhAga denese dainika nakSatra athavA candramA ke nakSatrakA mAna hogA / 3015 67 27 = 9 '67 jyotiSa evaM gaNita for grahoM ke nakSatroMkA krama } a ye gamana karaneke kalAtmaka Tukar3e haiM / abhijitakA mAna huA / ke pratyeka jaghanya nakSatra kA sadhyama mAna huA / 2010 X 1 67 2010 67 = 1005x1 1005 = 15 muhUrta candramA 67 67 = 307 = 30 muhUrta yaha candramA ke pratyeka madhyama, 3015x1 67 = 45 muhUrta yaha candramA ke pratyeka uttama nakSatra kA mAna huA / (1835-1830) = 5 kalAtmaka madhyama sUrya gati huI, jo ki Ajakala ke mAna se 59deg8" ke barAbara hotI hai / isakA nakSatroMkI maryAdA meM bhAga denese sUrya nakSatra mAnakA pramANa AtA hai / 630x1 630 5 5 nakSatra ke sAtha rahatA hai / jaina graMthoM kI mAnyatA ke anusAra uttama, madhyama aura jaghanya nakSatroMkA vibhAga isa prakAra hai = 126 muhUrta arthAt 4 dina 6 muhUrtta sUrya abhijit uttama nakSatra - rohiNI, vizAkhA, punarvasu, uttarAphAlgunI, uttarASAr3hA, uttarAbhAdraye 6 nakSatra uttama saMjJaka haiM / pad, madhyama nakSatra - azvinI, kRttikA, mRgazira, puSya, maghA, hasta, citrA, anurAdhA, pUrvASAr3hA, pUrvAbhAdrapad pUrvAphAlgunI, mUla, zravaNa, dhaniSThA, revatI, ye pandraha nakSatra madhyama saMjJaka haiM / jaghanya nakSatra - zatabhiSa, bharaNI, ArdrA, svAti, AzleSA, jyeSThA, ye chaha nakSatra jaghanya saMjJaka haiM / ina nakSatroMkI siddhi uparyukta prakArase hI jAnanI cAhiye / parantu yaha paJcAGga praNAlI madhyama mAnase hai / isako spaSTa banAneke liye dezAntara, kAlAntara saMskAra avazya karane par3eMge, tabhI grahoMkA spaSTa mAna AyegA / di0 jaina granthoMmeM dezAntara, kAlAntarakA vidhAna mujhe abhI taka dekhane ko nahIM milA hai, saMbhava hai kisI granthameM ho / parantu zvetAmbara mAnyatA ke AdhArapara se dezAntara saMskAra nimna prakArase kiyA jAtA hai /

Page #353
308 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna pahale kisI bhI dezakI palabhAkA jJAna karake usako tIna sthAnameM rakhakara pahale sthAnameM 10 se, dUsaremeM 8 se aura tIsaremeM 10 se guNA karanA caahiye| tIsare sthAnake guNanaphalameM tInase bhAga denA cAhiye / isa prakAra pUrvokta tIna cara khaNDa aayeNge| punaH sAyana sUryakA bhuja banA kara usameM rAzi saMkhyA tulya cara khaNDakA yoga karake usameM aMzAdise guNe hue bhoga khaNDakA 30vA bhAga jor3anese ghara hotA hai| vaha tulAdi 6 rAzimeM sUrya ho to dhana tathA meSAdi 6 rAzimeM sUrya ho to RNa hotA hai / isa cara kA madhyama raviko vikalAmeM saMskAra karanese ravi spaSTa hotA hai aura carako 2 se guNA kara 9 kA bhAga denese jo landha Ave, usakA dezAntara saMskRtamadhyama candramAko vikalAmeM saMskAra karanese candramA spaSTa hotA hai / candramAke phalameM dezAntara, bhujAntara, carAntara ye tIna saMskAra kiye jAte haiM taba candramA spaSTa hotA hai| isI mAnyatAke anusAra anya budhAdika grahoMkA bhI sAdhana kiyA jAtA hai| isa prakArase saMkSepameM paJcAGga praNAlIpara prakAza DAlA gayA hai / kabhI avakAza milanepara graha aura nakSatroMke spaSTIkaraNako prakriyAko bhI pAThakoMke sAmane rktuuNgaa|

Page #354
jAtaka-tattva arthAt prArabdha vicAra rAjA raviH zazadharastu budhaH kumAraH senApatiH kSitisutaH sacivau sitejyo| bhRtyAstayozca ravijaH sabalA narANAM kurvanti janmasamaye nijameva rUpam ||saaraavlii|| triskandhAtmaka jyotiSa zAstrakA horA eka Avazyaka avayava hai aura isa horA avayavakA nAma hI jAtaka zAstra hai / kalyANa varmAne likhA hai jAtakamiti prasiddha yalloke tadiha kIya'te horaa| athavA devavimarzanaparyAyaH khalvayaM shbdH'| arthAt-lokameM prasiddha jAtaka zAstrako horA kahA jAtA hai / yaha prArabdha vicArakA paryAya hai| isake adhyayana dvArA jIvanameM ghaTita hone vAlI iSTAniSTa sUcaka ghaTanAoMkA parimAna prApta hotA hai / jAtakakA vyutpattigata artha 'jAtaM janma tadadhikRtya kRto granthaH vA jAtena zizorjanmanA kAyatIti' arthAt jAta yA utpanna hue vyaktike zubhAzubhatvakA nirNaya karane pAlA zAstra jAtaka hai| horAkI vyutpatti 'mahorAtra' zabdase hai| Adi varNa 'a' aura antima varNa 'tra' kA lopa honese horA zamba banatA hai| janma kAlIna grahoMkI sthiti, kriyA, gati evaM yuktike anusAra vyaktike bhaviSyakA nirUpaNa horA yA jAtakameM kiyA jAtA hai| yaha karma-phala sUcaka hai| varAhamihirane horAkI vyutpattike sAtha isake karmaphala sUcakatvakI ora saMketa kiyA hai horetyahorAtravikalpameke vA chanti pUrvAparavarNalopAt // karmANitaM pUrvabhave sadAdi yattasya paMkti smbhivynkti|| arthAt-lagna, horA aura jAtaka ye tInoM eka dRSTise paryAyavAcI haiN| dina yA rAtri meM krAntivRttake kisI vizeSa pradezako kSitijameM laganeke kAraNa lagna-sthAnakI saMjJA bhI horA yA jAtaka mAnI gayI hai| jAtaka vyaktike karmaphaloMkA pratipAdana karatA hai / ataeva jAtaka tasvase hamArA abhiprAya vyaktiko gati kriyA aura zIlake vivecanase hai| yahAM gati, kriyA aura zIla ye tInoM zabda pratIka yA lAkSaNika hai| ataH gati zabdase jAtakakI gatividhiyoM, jIvanake unnata-avanata, Aroha-avarohoM evaM usakI bhaviSNutAke sambandhameM vivecana karanA hai / kriyA zabda puruSArthakA sUcaka hai| vyakti apane jIvanameM kisa samaya kaisA puruSArtha kara sakegA tathA usake puruSArthameM kaba kaisI vighna bAdhAeM utpanna hoMgI AdikA vicAra kriyA dvArA kiyA jAtA hai / zIlase tAtparya bAhya aura Antarika vyaktitvase hai / 1. sArAvalI : 2 / 4 prakAzaka, mAsTara khelAr3IlAla eNDa sansa, vArANasI, san 1953 I0, 2. bRhanyAtaka, lakhanaU saMskaraNa, adhyAya 1, zloka 3

Page #355
310 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna ataH zarIrAkRti, rUparaMga, saMsthAna, roga, vyAdhiyA~, zArIrika sukha, pArivArika sukha, mAnasika sukha, santoSa, zAnti, Arthika sthiti, zikSA, pratibhA Adi kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| grahoMkA jIvadhAriyoM ke sAtha kyoM aura kaisA sambandha hai ? prANiyoMkI gati, kriyA aura zIlakI abhivyaJjanA grahoMke dvArA kisa prakAra sampanna hotI hai ? jIvanakA rahasyodghATana grahoMkI saMyogI sthitiyoM dvArA kisa prakAra sambhava hotA hai ? Adi praznoMpara jAtakatattvake vivecana prasaMgameM vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai| ___bhAratIya jyotiSa paramparAkI dRSTise jAtaka-jIvana eka bhacakra hai aura cakravat hI isakA samucita adhyayana ho sakatA hai / bhacakrake gaNitIya adhyayanakI prakriyAma piNDa aura brahmANDIya aura maNDalakI vidyamAna samatA aura santulanako dhyAnameM rakhakara bhAratIya RSiyoMne bAraha rAziyoMke samAna jIvanako bhI dvAdazAtmaka vRttameM bA~TA hai| isI dvAdazAtmaka bhacakrake pUrNa aura aMzAtmaka nAmi rUpa binduoMpara grahoMke tAttvika bhogoMke pariNAma jIvanake bhinna-bhinna samayoMmeM kauna-kaunase parivartana lA sakeMge, yahI jAnanekI prakriyA jAtakazAstra hai| jAtaka aura karma sambandha jAtaka zAstrako avagata karaneke hetu AtmA aura karma ke sambandhameM jAna lenA Avazyaka hai| jAtaka tattvakA samyak jJAna karmasambandho mAnyatAko avagata kiye binA sambhava nhiiN| zrI ke0 esa0 kRSNamUrtine jyotiSako karma-phala dyotaka zAstra batalAte hue likhA hai___Karma is a sanskrit word. 'Kri' means 'action' or deed'. Daymental or physical action in called 'Karma', every action produces its reaction or result which is known as Karma. Thus Karma includes both the action and the result governed by the irresistible law of Causation. So under the law of Karma. There is nothing as a chonce or an accident. The so called chances and accident are in reality the praducts of some difinite couses which may not be aware of before hand. That which appears to be tccidental or providental to a non-astrological mind is a natural and in-evitable incident to an ashologer. Hence chances. luck or misfortune ar governed absolutely by the low of causation or Karma. 9 arthAt-'karma' saMskRta zabda hai aura yaha kR dhAtuse niSpanna hai, jisakA artha kriyA karanA yA kArya karanA hai / koI bhI mAnasika yA zArIrika kriyA karma kahI jAtI hai| pratyeka kriyAse koI na koI pratikriyA yA pariNAma utpanna hotA hai, jise karma, bhAgya yA adRSTa kahate haiM / isa prakAra karmake antargata kriyA aura pariNAma donoM hI sammilita haiM, jo avazyambhAvI kArya-kAraNa-siddhAntake dvArA niyantrita hote haiN| ataeva karma siddhAntake antargata sahayoga yA ghaTanA kA koI sthAna nahIM hai / ye tathA-kathita saMyoga aura ghaTanAeM kisI nizcita kAraNake pariNAmake svarUpa hai, jisakI jAnakArI hameM nahIM rahatI / jyotiSa jJAnase hIna sAdhAraNa vyaktike lie jo saMyoga hotA hai, vahI jyotiSIke lie nizcita prAkRtika ghaTanA hotI hai / 1. kRSNamUrti paddhati, madrAsa saMskaraNa, pRSTha 17

Page #356
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 311 ataH saMyoga-viyoga, sukha-duHkha, saubhAgya- durbhAgya nirapekSa rUpase kArya-kAraNa siddhAnta dvArA paricAlita hote haiM / yahA~ yaha smaraNIya hai ki manuSya kI kriyA-pratikriyA, ghaTanA aura phalake viSayameM Izvara yA anya parokSa sattA hastakSepa nahIM karatI / pratyeka ghaTanA vyaktike pUrva janmake saMskAravaza hI ghaTita hotI hai / ataH karma aura punarjanma usa bIjake samAna haiM jo svayaM vRkSa rUpameM prasphuTita hotA hai, jisameM phala lagate haiM aura ve punaH bIjoM ko utpanna karate haiM, jinase naye vRkSoM kA janma hotA hai | ataH karma saMskAra bIja rUpa hai / yaha bIja aura vRkSako paramparA anAdikAlIna hai vizleSaNa karatA hai / aura jIvadhArI kA jIvana vRkSa rUpameM jAtaka tattva isa paramparAkA hI / jAtaka tatvako avagata karaneke lie karma siddhAntakA aura adhika spaSTIkaraNa apekSita hai / darzanakA yaha siddhAnta hai ki ajara, amara AtmA karmoMke anAdi pravAhake kAraNa paryAyoM ko prApta karatA hai / hamArI dRzya sRSTi kevala nAma rUpa yA karma hI nahIM hai, kintu isa nAmarUpAtmaka AvaraNa ke lie AdhArabhUta eka arUpI, svatantra aura avinAzI Atma tattva hai / tathA prANI mAtra ke zarIra meM rahanevAlA yaha tattva nittya evaM caitanya hai, para karmabandha ke kAraNa yaha paratantra aura nAzavAna dikhalAI par3atA hai / karmake tIna bheda haiM- prArabdha, saMcita aura kriyamANa / kisIke dvArA vartamAna kSaNa taka kiyA gayA jo karma hai - cAhe vaha isa janmameM kiyA gayA ho yA pUrva janmoMmeM saba saMcita kahalAtA hai / aneka janma-janmAntaroMke saMcita karmoMko eka sAtha bhoganA sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki inase milanevAle pariNAma svarUpa phala paraspara virodhI hote haiM / ataH inheM kramaza: bhoganA par3atA hai / saMcita meM se jitane karmoMko pahale bhoganA Arambha kiyA jAtA hai, utaneko prArabdha kahate haiM / tAtparya yaha hai ki saMcita arthAt samasta janma-janmAntaroMke saMgrahameM se eka choTe bhedakI saMjJA prArabdha hai / yahA~ yaha dhyAtavya hai ki samasta saMcitakA nAma prArabdha nahIM / kintu jitane bhAgakA bhoganA Arambha ho gayA hai, prArabdha hai, jo abhI ho rahA hai yA jo abhI kiyA jA rahA hai, vaha kriyamANa hai / isa prakAra ina tIna tarahake karmoMke kAraNa AtmA aneka janmoM, paryAyoMko dhAraNa kara saMskAroMkA arjana karatA calA A rahA hai / AtmA ke sAtha anAdikAlIna karma pravAhake kAraNa liMga zarIra aura bhautika sthUla zarIrakA sambandha hai / jaba eka sthAna se AtmA isa bhautika zarIrakA tyAga karatI hai, to liMga zarIra yA sUkSma zarIra use anya sthUla zarIrakI prApti meM sahAyaka hotA hai / isa sthUla bhautika zarIrameM yaha vizeSatA hai ki isameM praveza karate hI AtmA janma-janmAntaroMke saMskAroMkI nizcita smRtiko kho detA / yahI kAraNa hai ki jyotiSameM prAkRta jyotiSa ke AdhArapara batAyA gayA hai ki yaha AtmA manuSyake vartamAna sthUla zarIrameM rahate hue bhI eka se adhika jagat ke sAtha sambandha rakhatA hai / mAnavakA bhautika zarIra pradhAnataH jyotiH, mAnasika aura paudgalika ina tIna upazarIroMmeM vibhakta hai / yaha jyotiH upazarIra dvArA nAkSatra jagatse, mAnasika upazarIra dvArA mAnasika jagatse aura paudgalika upazarIra dvArA bhautika jagatse sambaddha hai / ata manuSya pratyeka jagatse prabhAvita hotA hai aura apane bhAva, vicAra aura kriyA

Page #357
112 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna dvArA pratyeka jagatko prabhAvita karatA hai| bataeva karma saMskAroM ke kAraNa paTita honevAlI ghaTanAboM evaM anya sambhAvanAoMkA adhyayana karaneke lie jAtaka zAstra meM vyaktike vyaktitvako bAha aura Antarika do bhAgoMmeM vibhakta kiyA hai / bAhya vyaktitva ke antargata zarIra, zArIrika roga, zarIrajanya prabhAva Adi parigaNita hai| yaha vyaktitva bhautikatAke sAtha sambaDa honepara bhI AtmA kI caitanya kriyA ke sAtha isa prakAra sambada hai jisase pUrva janmameM kiye gaye saMskAroMke phalasvarUpa vicAra bhAva aura kriyAoMkI abhivyakti hotI hai tathA vartamAna jIvanake anubhavoM aura kriyA-pratikriyAoM dvArA ghaTita honevAle saMyoga aura ghaTanAoMkI sUcanA prApta hotI hai| zanaiH zanaiH yaha vyaktitva vikasita hokara Antarika vyaktitvameM milanekA prayAsa karatA hai / Antarika vyaktitvameM aneka bAhya vyaktisvoMkI smRtiyoM, anubhavoM aura pravRttiyoMkA saMzleSaNa rahatA hai, jisase vibhinna prakArake saMyoga, ghaTanAeM evaM phalopabhoga prApta hote hai| vyaktitva ke pratIka graha manuSyakA antaHkaraNa ina donoM vyaktiyoMke milAnekA kArya karatA hai / jAtaka meM bAhya vyaktitvake tIna bheda mAne gaye hai-vicAra, bhAva aura kiyaa| isI prakAra Antarika vyaktisvake bhI ye tIna bheda svIkAra kiye gaye hai| bAhya vyaktitvake ukta tIna bheda ora Antarika vyaktitvake ukta tInoM bhedoMko santulita rUpa denekA kArya antaHkaraNake dvArA hotA hai / dUsare zabdoMmeM yoM kahA jA sakatA hai ki pratyeka vyaktitvake tInoM rUpa eka maulika avasthAmeM AkarSaNa aura vikarSaNakI pravRtti dvArA antaHkaraNakI sahAyatAse santulita rUpako prApta hote haiN| manuSyako unnati aura avanati isa santulanake AdhArapara hI nirNIta kI jAtI hai| jAtakazAstra anusAra mAnava jIvanake bAhya vyaktitvake tIna rUpa aura Antarika vyaktitvake tIna rUpa aura eka antaHkaraNa ina sAtake pratIka nimnalikhita sAta graha hai 1-bRhaspati 2-maMgala 3-candramA 7-zani 4-zukra ukta grahoMke anusAra manuSyoMke bhAvI phala bhinna-bhinna rUpameM abhivyakta hote haiM / ataH pratyeka prANIke janma-janmAntaroMke saMcita prArabdha aura kriyamANa karma vibhinna prakAra ke hai / ataH pratIka rUpa graha apane-apane pratirUpyake sambandhameM vibhinna prakArake tathya prakaTa karate hai| pratirUpyoMkI saccI avasthA bIjagaNitakI avyakta mAna kalpanA dvArA niSpanna aMkoMke samAna prakaTa ho jAtI hai| bAe vyaktitvake prathama rUpa vicArakA pratIka bRhaspati hai / yaha prANImAtrake zarIrakA pratinidhitva karatA hai aura zarIra saMcAlanake lie rakta pradAna karatA hai / jIvita prANIke rakta meM rahanevAle kITANuoMkI cetanAse isakA sambandha hai| guru dvArA manuSyakI Atmika, manAsmika aura zArIrika kArya gatiyoMkA vizleSaNa kiyA jAtA hai, kyoMki manuSyake vyaktitvake kisI bhI rUpakA prabhAva zarIra, AtmA aura bAhya jar3a cetana padArtha, jo zarIrase bhinna hai, para par3atA hai, udAharaNArtha bAhya vyaktitvake prathama rUpa vicArako liyA jA sakatA hai|

Page #358
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 113 manuSyake vicArakA prabhAva zarIrake sAtha usakI cetana zaktiyoMpara bhI par3atA hai| itanA hI nahIM usake vicArase gRha, kAryAlaya, vyavasAya, zikSAlaya bhI prabhAvita hue binA nahIM rahate haiN| ataeva prathama rUpake pratIka bRhaspatise nimnalikhita tathyoMkI jAnakArI prApta karanI caahie| anAtmA-isa dRSTi binduse bRhaspati vyApAra kArya, ve sthAna aura vyakti, jinakA sambandha dharma aura kAnUna se hai --mandira, pujArI, mantrI, nyAyAlaya, nyAyAdhIza, vizvavidyAlaya, dhArAsabhAeM, janatAke utsava, dAna, sahAnubhUti AdikA pratinidhitva karatA hai| ataeva jAtakazAstrameM sAmAnyataH bRhaspatise uktatathyoMkA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| AtmA-isa dRSTikoNa se yaha graha vicAra manobhAva aura ina donoMke mizrita rUpa udAratA, svabhAva, saundarya-prema, zakti, bhakti evaM vyavasthA-buddhi ityAdi Atmika bhAvoMkA pratinidhitva karatA hai| zArIrika dRSTise bRhaspatikA prabhAva paira, jaMghA, jigara, pAcana kriyA, rakta, snAyusaMsthAna AdikA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| sAmAnyataH jaTharAgnikA vicAra bhI guru dvArA hotA hai| bAhya vyaktitvake dvitIya rUpakA pratIka maMgala hai| yaha indriya jJAna aura Ananda icchAkA pratinidhitva karatA hai| jitane bhI uttejaka aura saMvedanA janya Avega haiM unakA yaha pradhAna kendra hai / bAhya AnandadAyaka vastuoM ke dvArA yaha kriyAzIla hotA hai aura AnandadAyaka anubhavoMkI smRtiyoMko jAgRta karatA hai| vAMchita vastuoMkI prApti tathA una vastuoM kI prAptike upAyoMke kAraNoMko kriyAkA sUcaka hai| pradhAna rUpase maMgalako icchAoMkA pratIka mAnA gayA hai| ___anAtmika dRSTikoNase yaha sainika, DAkTara, rasAyanazAstrI, nAI, bar3haI, lohAra, mazInakA kArya karanevAle, mazIna banAnevAle rAja aura majadUra, khela evaM khelake sAmAna Adi kA pratinidhi hai| ___Atmika dRSTikoNase yaha bahAdurI, dRr3hatA, Atma vizvAsa, kroSa, yudha-vRtti evaM prabhutva prabhRti bhAvoM aura vicAroMkA pratinidhi hai| zArIrika dRSTikoNase yaha bAharI sira--khopar3I, nAka, evaM kapolakA pratIka hai| isake dvArA saMkrAmaka roga, ghAva, kharoMca, Aprezana, rakta doSa, udara-pIr3A Adi abhivyakta hote haiN| bAhya vyaktitvake tRtIya rUpakA pratIka candramA hai| yaha mAnavapara zArIrika prabhAva malatA hai aura vibhinna aMgoM tathA unake kAryoM meM sudhAra karatA hai| mAnasika vikAsa aura caritragata vizeSatAoMko sUcanA bhI isIke dvArA prApta hotI hai| anAsmika dRSTikoNakI apekSAse yaha zveta raMga, jahAja, bandaragAha, machalI, jala, tarala padArtha, muktA, pASANa, narsa, dAsI, bhojana, rajata evaM baigalI raMgake padArthoM para prabhAva malatA hai| bAtmika dRSTikogakI apekSAse yaha saMvedana, Antarika icchA, utAvalApana, bhAvanA, vizeSataH gRha-jIvana sambandhI bhAvanA, kalpanA, satarkatA evaM lAma icchApara prabhAva sakatA hai|

Page #359
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna zArIrika dRSTise udara, pAcana saMsthAna, AMteM, stana, garbhAzaya evaM aMgoMpara isakA prabhAva par3atA hai| Antarika vyaktitvake prathama rUpa vicArakA pratIka zukra hai / yaha sUkSma mAnava cetanAoM kI vidheya kriyAoMkA pratinidhitva karatA hai / pUrNabalI zukra niHsvArtha premake sAtha prANI mAtrake prati bhrAtRtva bhAvanAkA vikAsa karatA hai / ___anAtmika dRSTi bindukI apekSAse sundara vastueM AbhUSaNa, manoraMjana kI sAmagrI, nRtya- gAna, vAdya, zRMgArika padArtha, kalAtmaka vastue~ evaM bhogopabhogako sAmagrI Adi para prabhAva par3atA hai| Atmika dRSTise sneha, saundarya-bodha, AnandAnubhUti, parakhabuddhi, kArya-arhatA evaM jijJAsA Adi para isakA prabhAva par3atA hai| zArIrika dRSTise galA, gurdA, AkRti, varNa, keza, vIrya, zakti prabhRtise sambaddha hai / sAdhAraNataH zarIra saMcAlita karanevAle aMgoMpara isakA vizeSa prabhAva par3atA hai / Antarika vyaktitvake dvitIya rUpakA pratinidhi budha hai / yaha pradhAna rUpase AdhyAtmika zaktikA pratIka hai| isake dvArA Antarika preraNA sahetuka nirNayAtmaka buddhi, vastu parIkSaNa zakti, samajha aura buddhimAnI AdikA vizleSaNa kiyA jAtA hai / budha dvArA Antarika vyaktitvakA gambhIra adhyayana kiyA jA sakatA hai / anAtmika dRSTi se vidyAlaya, mahAvidyAlaya sambandhI zikSaNa, vijJAna, vaijJAnika aura sAhityika sthAna, prakAzana-sthAna, sampAdaka, lekhaka, prakAzaka, posTa mAsTara, vyApArI evaM buddhijIviyoMpara isakA vizeSa prabhAva par3atA hai / pIta raMga aura pArA dhAtukA bhI yaha pratIka mAnA gayA hai| Atmika dRSTise viveka smaraNa zakti, tArkika pratibhA, kalA, kalA utpAdanako zakti evaM medhAkA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| __zArIrika dRSTise yaha mastaka saMsthAna, snAyu kriyA, jihvA, vANI, hAtha evaM aMguliyoM ke AkAra-prakArakA pratinidhi hai / ___ Antarika vyaktitvake tRtIya rUpakA pratIka sUrya hai| isakI sAta kiraNeM mAnI gayI haiM, jo kArya rUpase bhinna-bhinna hotI huI bhI icchAke rUpameM pUrNa hokara prakaTa hotI haiN| manuSyake vikAsameM sahAyaka tInoM prakArakI cetanAoMke santulita rUpakA yaha pratinidhi hai / pUrNa icchA zakti, jJAna zakti, sadAcAra, vizrAma, zAnti, jIvanakI unnati evaM vikAsakA dyotaka hai| ___anAtmika dRSTikoNakI apekSAse prabhAvaka vyakti-zAsaka, e0 pI0, ema0ela0e0, senApati, nyAyAdhIza, maNDalAdhikArI, AviSkAraka, purAtattvavettA, ucca zikSAdhikArI Adi para apanA prabhAva DAlatA hai| Atmika dRSTise yaha prabhutA, aizvarya, prema, udAratA, mahattvAkAMkSA, AtmavizvAsa, AtmaniyantraNa, vicAroM aura bhAvanAoMkA santulana evaM sahRdayatAkA pratIka hai|

Page #360
315 jyotiSa evaM gaNita zArIrika dRSTise hRdaya, rakta-saMcAlana, netra, raktavAhikA choTI choTI nase, dAMta, kAna Adi aMgoMkA pratinidhi hai / antaHkaraNakA pratIka zani hai| yaha bAhya cetanA aura Antarika cetanAko milAnemeM pulakA kAma karatA hai| pratyeka navajIvanameM Antarika vyaktitvase jo kucha prApta hotA hai aura jo manuSyake vyaktigata jIvanake anubhavoMse milatA hai usase yaha manuSyako vRddhiMgata karatA hai| yaha pradhAna rUpase ahaMbhAvanAkA pratIka hotA huA bhI vyaktigata jIvanake vicAra icchA aura kAryoMmeM santulana karatA hai| anAtmika dRSTise kRSaka, halavAhaka, patravAhaka, caravAhA, kumhAra, mAlI, maThAdhIza, kRpaNa, pulisa aphasara, upavAsa karanevAle sAdhu-saMnyAsI Adi vyakti tathA pahAr3I sthAna, caTTAnI-pradeza, baMz2arabhUmi, guphA, prAcIna dhvasta sthAna, zmazAna ghATa, kabrasthAna evaM caurasa maidAna AdikA pratinidhi hai| __ Atmika dRSTise tattvajJAna, vicArasvAtantrya, adhyayana, manana-cintana, kartavya-buddhi, Atma-saMyama, dhairya, dRr3hatA, gambhIratA, nirmalatA, satarkatA evaM vicArazIlatAkA pratIka hai| zArIrika dRSTise asthi-samUha, bar3I AMteM, mAMsa-peziyAM, ghuTanese nIce ke aMga Adi para isakA prabhAva par3atA hai / isa prakAra jAtaka paddhatimeM saura jagatke ukta sAta grahoMko mAnava-jIvanake vibhinna aMgoMkA pratIka mAnA gayA hai| ina grahoMmeM sUrya aura candrako pradhAnatA hai| ye donoM mana aura zarIrake vikAsa para prabhAva DAlate haiN| sUrya siddhAnta aura varAhamihirake siddhAntoMse jJAta hotA hai ki zarIra kakSA-vRttake dvAdaza bhAga-mastaka, mukha, vakSa-sthala, hRdaya, udara, kaTi, vasti, liMga, jaMghA, ghuTanA, piMDalI aura paira kramazaH meSa, vRSa, mithuna, karka, siMha, kanyA, tulA, vRzcika, dhanu, makara, kumbha aura mIna saMjJaka haiN| ina 12 rAziyoMmeM bhramaNa karanevAle grahoMmeM AtmA ravi, mana candramA, dhairya maMgala, vANI budha, viveka guru, vIrya zukra aura saMvedana zani hai| isa prakAra varAhamihirake anusAra sapta graha aura dvAdaza rAziyoMkI sthiti dehadhArI prANiyoMke zarIrake bhItara hI pAyI jAtI hai / zarIra sthita isa saura-cakrakA bhramaNa AkAza sthita saura maNDala ke samAna hI hotA hai / ataeva vyakta aura jagatke grahoMkI gati, sthiti, kriyA Adike anusAra avyakta zarIra sthita saura jagatke grahoM kI gati, sthiti, kriyA Adike anusAra avyakta zarIra sthita saura jagatke grahoMkI gati, sthiti kriyA Adiko abhivyakta karate haiM / batAyA hai ete grahA baliSThAH prasUtikAle nRNAM svamUttisamam / kuyurdehaM niyataM bahavazca samAgatA mizram // kAlapuruSa aura jAtaka jAtaka zAstrameM kAla-samayako puruSa yA brahma mAnA gayA hai aura graha razmiyoM vaza isa puruSake uttama, madhyama, udAsIna evaM adhama ye cAra aMga vibhAga kiye haiN| triguNAtmaka prakRtike dvArA nirmita samasta jagat sattva, rajas aura tamomaya hai| jina grahoMmeM sattva guNa

Page #361
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna adhika rahatA hai unakI kiraNeM amRtamaya hai, jisameM tamoguNa adhika rahatA hai usakI viSamaya jisameM rajoguNa adhika rahatA hai usakI kiraNeM ubhaya guNa mizrita evaM jinameM tInoM guNoMkI alpatA rahatI hai una grahoMkI guNahIna kiraNeM mAnI gayI haiM / grahoMke zubhAzubhatvakA vibhAjana bhI kiraNoMke guNoMke AdhAra para hI huA hai| AkAzameM pratikSaNa amRta razmi saumya graha apanI gatise jahA~-jahA~ gamana karate hai unakI kiraNeM bhUmaNDalake una una pradezoMpara par3akara bA~ke nivAsiyoMke svAsthya buddhi Adi para apanA saumya prabhAva DAlatI haiM / viSamaya kiraNoMvAle krUra graha apanI gati se jahAM vicaraNa karate haiM vahA~ ve apane duSTa bhAvase vahA~ke nivAsiyoM ke svAsthya aura buddhi para apanA kuprabhAva DAlate haiM / mizrita razmi grahoMke prabhAva mizrita evaM guNahIna razmi-grahoMke prabhAva akiMcitkara hote haiM / janmake samaya jina jina razmi grahoMkI pradhAnatA hotI hai, jAtakakA mUla svabhAva vaisA hI bana jAtA hai| AcArya varAhamihirane batAyA hai ki jina vyaktiyoMkA janma kAla puruSake utta mAMgaamRtamaya razmiyoM ke prabhAvase hotA hai, ve buddhimAna, satyavAdI, apramAdI, svAdhyAyazIla, jitendriya, manasvI evaM saccaritra hote haiM, jinakA janma kAla-puruSake madhyamAMga--rajoguNAdhikya mizrita razmiyoMke prabhAvase hotA hai, ve madhyama buddhi, tejasvI, zUravIra, pratApI, nirbhaya, svAdhyAya zIla, sAdhu anugrAhaka evaM duSTa nigrAhaka hote haiN| jinakA janma udAsIna aMga guNatraya kI alpatAvAlI graha-razmiyoMke prabhAvase hotA hai ve udAsIna buddhi, vyavasAya kuzala, puruSArthI, svAdhyAyarata evaM sampattizAlI hote haiM, evaM jinakA janma adhamAMga-tamoguNAdhikya razmivAle grahoMke prabhAvase hotA hai be vivekazUnya, durbuddhi, vyasanI, sevAvratI evaM honAcaraNavAle hote haiM / ataeva spaSTa hai ki manuSyake guNa svabhAva kA aMkana pUrvopArjita karma saMskArake anusAra graha razmiyoMke prabhAvase ghaTita hotA hai jisa graha nakSatra ke vAtAvaraNa kI prayAnatA rahatI hai athavA jinake tatva vizeSake prabhAva meM vyakti utpanna hotA hai usa vyakti meM grahake anusAra usI tatva ko pramukhatA samAviSTa ho jAtI hai / dezakRta aura kAlakRta grahoMke saMskAra isa bAtake sUcaka hai ki kAla yA kisI sthAna vizeSake vAtAvaraNa meM utpanna evaM puSTa honevAlA prANI usa kAla yA usa sthAnapara par3ane vAlI praharazmiyoM ko apanI nijI vizeSatA rakhatA hai / ataeva vyaktitva meM samAviSTa praha vizeSa vaiyaktika vizeSatAoM ko spaSTa karate haiM / graharazmiyoM kA prabhAva kevala manuSyapara hI nahIM par3atA, kintu vanya, sthalaja evaM udbhija bAdipara bhI par3atA hai| amRtarazmiyoMke prabhAvase jar3I bUTiyoM meM roganivAraNa kI zakti utpanna hotI hai tathA muktA Adi kI utpatti kA kAraNa bhI praharazmiyAM hai| ataeva jAtaka paddhati meM kAlapuruSake vicArake antargata graharazmiyoM aura bhacakra kA vizleSaNa kiyA jAtA hai / jAtakatatvake antargata nimnalikhita siddhAntoMpara vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai : 1-lagna-navAMzAdi SoDaza varga yA SaDvarga / 2-prahayoga-prahoM ko vibhinna sthitiyoMse utpanna yogavizeSa / 3-paha-pati-prahoM ke dvisaMyogI, trisaMyogI, catuHsaMyogI Adi bheda aura unakA phala / 4-dRSTi-hadRSTike anusAra phalAdeza / 5 lAvala-paDhbala vicAra

Page #362
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 117 6-mahAdazA vicAra 7-antarmukti vicAra lagna-navAMzAdike vicArake pUrva rAzi aura grahoM kA svarUpa, unakI vibhinna saMjJAe~ evaM lagnAdi dvAdaza bhAvoMke svarUpa kA parijJAna prApta karanA Avazyaka hai / ataeva jAtakatatva ko avagata karaneke lie kendra, paNaphara, Apauklima, trikoNa, upacaya, caturana, mAraka evaM netratrika saMjJAoM ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai| phalapratipAdanake lie athavA jAtaka siddhAntoM ko mAta karaneke lie prArambhika bAtoM kI jAnakArI apekSita hai| jAtaka phalAdezake mUlabhUta siddhAnta jisa bhAva meM jo rAzi ho, usa rAzikA svAmI hI, usa bhAva kA svAmI yA bhAveza kahalAtA hai| SaSTha, aSTama aura dvAdaza bhAvake svAmI jina bhAvoM sthAnoM meM rahate hai, aniSTakAraka hote haiN| kisI bhAva kA svAmI svagRhI ho to usa sthAna kA phala acchA hotA hai / gyArahaveM bhAva meM sabhI phala zubhadAyaka hote haiN| kisI bhAva kA svAmI pApagraha ho aura vaha lagnase tRtIya sthAna meM sthita ho to zubha phala kAraka hotA hai kintu jisa bhAva kA svAmI zubhagraha ho aura vaha tRtIya sthAna meM sthita ho to madhyama phala detA hai| jisa bhAvameM zubhagraha rahatA hai usa bhAvakA phala uttama aura jisameM pApa graha rahatA hai usa bhAvake phalakA hrAsa hotA hai| 14.5 / 7 / 9 / 10 sthAnoM meM zubhagrahoMkA rahanA zubha hai / jo bhAva apane svAmI zukra, buddha aura guru dvArA yukta athavA dRSTa hoM athavA anya kisI grahase yukta athavA dRSTa na hoM to vaha zubha phala detA hai / jiga bhAvakA bhAveza zubhagrahase mukta athavA dRSTa ho athavA jisa bhAvameM zubhagraha sthita ho yA jisa bhAva ko zubhagraha dekhatA ho usa bhAvakA zubhaphala hotA hai| jisa bhAvakA svAmI pApa grahase yukta athavA dRSTa ho yA pApa graha sthita ho to usa bhAvake phalakA hrAsa hotA hai| ___ bhAvAdhipati mUla trikoNa, svakSetragata mitragRhI aura uccakA ho to usa bhAvakA phala zubha hotA hai / kisI bhAvake phalavizeSa ko jJAta karane ke lie yaha dekhanA Avazyaka hai ki usa bhAvakA bhAveza kisa bhAvameM sthita hai aura kisa bhAvake bhAvezakA kisa bhAvameM sthita rahanese kyA phala hotA hai / sUrya, maMgala, zani aura rAhu, kramazaH adhika adhika pApagraha hai| ye graha apanI pApagrahoM kI rAziyoMpara rahanese vizeSa aniSTakara evaM zubhagraha aura mitragrahoM kI rAziyoMmeM rahanese alpa-aniSTakAraka tathA apanI uccarAziyoMmeM sthita rahanese sAmAnyataH zubhaphaladAyaka hote haiN| candramA, budha, zukra, ketu aura guru ye kramazaH adhika adhika zubhagraha mAne gaye hai| ye zubhagrahoM kI rAziyoM meM rahanese adhika zubha tathA pApagrahoM kI rAziyoM meM rahanese alpazubhaphala ko sUcanA dete haiM / ketu phala vicAra karanemeM prAyaH pApagraha mAnA gayA hai| aSTama aura dvAdaza bhAvoM meM sabhI graha aniSTakAraka hote hai| guru, SaSTha bhAvameM zatrunAzaka, zani, aSTamabhAvameM dIrghAyukAraka evaM maMgala dazama sthAnameM uttama bhAgyakA sUcaka hotA hai| rAhu, ketu aura aSTameza jisa bhAvameM rahate hai usa bhAva ko bigAr3ate haiN| guru akelA, dvitIya, paMcama aura saptama bhAvameM sthita ho to dhana, putra bora strI ke lie sarvadyA baniSTakAraka hotA hai| jisa bhAva kA bo gRha kAraka

Page #363
318 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna mAnA jAtA hai yadi vaha akelA usa bhAvameM sthita ho to usa bhAvako naSTa karatA hai / jAtaka tatSake parijJAnArtha gaNitamAna dvArA dezAntara aura kAlAntara saMskArakara sarvaprathama lagnakA sAghana karanA cAhie / eka lagna utane kAla khaNDakA nAma hai jitanemeM kisI eka rAzi kA udaya hotA hai / ahorAtra meM bAraha rAziyoMkA udaya hotA hai / ataeva eka, dina-rAta meM bAraha lagnoM kI kalpanA kI gayI hai / lagna sAdhana ke hetu sarvaprathama apane sthAna kA udayamAna nikAlanA Avazyaka hai / sAyana - meSa saMkrAnti yA sAyana-tulA saMkrAMti ke dina madhyAhna kAlameM dvAdaza aMgulAtmaka zaMku kI chAyA jitanI ho, utanA hI apane sthAnakI palabhAkA pramANa hotA hai / isa palabhA ko tIna sthAnoMmeM rakhakara prathama sthAna meM dasase dvitIya meM AThase aura tRtIya sthAnameM 10 / 3 se guNA karane para tIna rAziyoMke carakhaNDa hote haiM / inako meSAdi, tIna rAziyoMmeM RNa, karkAdi tIna rAziyoM meM dhana, tulAdi tIna rAziyoMmeM dhana evaM makarAdi tIna rAziyoM meM RNa karanese udayamAna AtA hai / lagna-sAdhana aba jisa samayakA lagna banAnA ho, usa samaya ke spaSTa sUryameM tAtkAlika spaSTa ayanAMza jor3a dene se tAtnuAlika sAyana sUrya hotA hai / isa tAtkAlika sAyana sUryake mukta yA bhogya aMzAdi ko svadezI udayamAnase guNA karake tIsa kA bhAga denepara labdhapalAdi mukta yA bhogya kAla hotA hai - muktAMza ko sodayase guNAkara tIsakA bhAga denepara muktabAla aura bhogyAMza ko sodayase guNakara tIsakA bhAga denepara bhogyakAla AtA hai / isa mukta yA bhogyakAla ko iSTaghaTI paloM meM ghaTAnese jo zeSa rahe usameM mukta yA bhogya rAziyoMke udayamAnoM ko jahA~ taka ghaTA sakeM ghaTAnA cAhie / zeSa ko tIsase guNAkara azuddhodaya mAnase bhAga denepara jo aMzAdi phala prApta ho usako kramase azuddha rAzimeM ghaTAne aura zuddha rAzimeM jor3anese sAyana spaSTa lagna hotA hai / isameM se ayanAMza ghaTAnepara spaSTa lagna AtA hai / isaprakAra lagnamAna nikAla kara prANapada aura gulika dvArA lagna kI zuddhikA bhI vicArakara lenA cAhie / jAtakatatva kA pramukhakendra lagna hai / yadi lagna ThIka na ho to kuNDalI kA samasta phala mithyA hotA hai / ataeva lagna-sAdhana meM sabase adhika satarka rahane kI AvazyakatA hai / bhAratIya cintakoMne lagna kI zuddhi ko jA~ca karane ke lie nimnalikhita siddhAnta pratipAdita kiye haiM 1 - prANapada evaM gulika ke sAdhana dvArA iSTakAla ke zuddhAzuddha kA nirNayakara gaNitAgata laganake sAtha tulanA karanI cAhie / 2 - iSTakAla sUrya-sthita nakSatra, janmakAlIna candramA, mAndi evaM strI-puruSa janmayoga dvArA lagna kA vicAra karanA apekSita hai / 3 - prasUti kA gRha, prasUti kA vastra evaM upasUtikA saMkhyA Adi utpattikAlIna vAtAvaraNa ke nirNaya dvArA lagnakA nizcaya karanA cAhie / 4 - jAtakake zArIrika cihna, gaThana, rUpa-raMga, ityAdi zarIrakI banAvaTa dvArA bhI lagna kA nirNaya kiyA jAtA hai / jinheM jyotiSa zAstrakI lagna praNAlIkA anubhava hotA hai| ve jAtakake zarIrake darzana mAtrase lagnakA nirNaya karate haiM /

Page #364
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 5-prANapada kriyA dvArA Ae hue prANapadake aMza lagnAMzoMke tulya hoM to lagna zuddha hotA hai / aMzoMmeM asamAnatA hote hue bhI iSTakAlako saMzodhita karanA Avazyaka hai| 6-iSTakAlameM do kA bhAga denese jo labdhi Ae usameM sUrya jisa nakSatrameM ho usa nakSatra kI saMkhyA ko jor3a deN| isa yogameM 27 kA bhAga denese jo zeSa rahe, usI saMkhyaka nakSatra kI rAzimeM lagna hotA hai / yadi yaha lagna aura gaNitAgata pUrva lagna samAna ho to lagna zuddha mAnA jAtA hai| ___7-iSTa kAlako chaH se guNA kara guganaphalameM janmadinake sUryake aMza jor3a deN| isa yogaphalameM 30 kA bhAga dekara labdhi grahaNa kara le / tathA 15 se adhika zeSa rahane para labdhimeM eka aura jor3a denA caahie| yadi 30 se bhAga na jAe to labdhi eka mAna lenI cAhie / sUrya-rAzikI agalI rAzise bhAgaphalake aMkoMkI gaNanA kara lenese jo rAzi Ave vahI lagnakI rAzi hogii| yadi yaha rAzi gaNitAgata lagnase mila jAe to lagnako zuddha samajhanA caahie| 8-yadi dinameM dinamAnake addhabhAgase pahale janma ho to janma-kAlIna ravigata nakSatra se sAtaveM nakSatrakI rAzi, dinake avazeSa bhAgameM janma ho to ravigata nakSatrase bArahaveM nakSatrakI rAzi evaM rAtrike pUrvArdhameM janma honese satrahaveM nakSatrakI rAzi aura zeSa rAtrimeM janma honese caubIsaveM nakSatrakI rAzi lagnarAzi hotI hai / yaha rAzi yadi gaNitAgata lagnakI rAzike tulya ho to lagna zuddha mAnA jAtA hai / 1-candramAse paMcama yA navama sthAnameM lagna-rAzikA honA sambhava hai / candramAke navamAMzake saptama sthAnase navama aura paMcama sthAnameM prAyaH lagna-rAzi sthita rahatI hai / candramA jisa sthAnameM sthita ho usa sthAnake svAmose viSama sthAnoMmeM lagnakA honA sambhava hai / lagnameM bhI candramA raha sakatA hai| isa prakAra lagnakA nizcaya karaneke uparAnta kSetra, horA, dreSkANa, navamAMza, dazamAMsa, saptAMza, dvAdazAMza, triMzAMza, SoDazAMza aura SaSThyAMzakA Anayana karanA Avazyaka hai| yadi sampUrNa rAziko eka mAnA jAe aura usake do hisse kiye jAeM to pratyeka aAza horA kahalAtA hai| yadi rAzike tIna samAna aMza kiye jAe~ to pratyeka bhAga dreSkANa khlaaegaa| jo graha jisa rAzikA svAmI hotA hai vahI usa rAzike prathama dreSkANakA adhipati kahalatA hai / usa rAzise paMcama rAzikA aghozvara graha dvitIya dreSkANa kA adhipati aura usase navama rAzikA adhIzvara graha tRtIya dreSkANa kA adhipati hotA hai / isa prakAra pratyeka rAzike dreSkANa aura unake adhipatiyoMko jJAta karanA caahie| navamAMza ___ rAzike navabhAgoMmeM se eka bhAgako navamAMza kahate haiM / arthAt pratyeka rAzimeM tIna aMza bIsa kalAkA eka navamAMza hotA hai| ataeva pratyeka rAzimeM nava rAziyoMke navamAMza hote haiM / yahA~ yaha vicAraNIya hai ki pratyeka rAzimeM rahanevAle navamAMza kina-kina rAziyoM ke hoMge ? isa praznakA samAdhAna karate hue batAyA hai ki meSameM prathama navamAMza meSakA, dvitIya vRSakA, tRtIya mithunakA, caturya karkakA, paMcama siMhakA, SaSTha kanyAkA, saptama tulAkA, aSTama

Page #365
120 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna vRzcikakA aura navama dhanu rAzikA navAMza hotA hai / antima navama navAMzameM meSa rAzikI samApti aura vRSa rAzikA prArambha ho jAtA hai / ataH vRSa rAzimeM prathama navAMza meSa rAzike antima navAMzase AgekA AtA hai| isa prakAra vRSameM prathama navAMza makarakA, dvitIya kuMbhakA, tRtIya mInakA, caturtha meSakA, paMcama vRSakA, SaSTha mithunakA, saptama karkakA, aSTama siMhakA aura navama kanyAkA hotA hai| mithunameM prathama navAMza tulAkA, dvitIya vRzcikakA, tRtIya dhanukA, caturtha makarakA, paMcama kuMbhakA, SaSTha mInakA, saptama meSakA, aSTama vRSakA aura navama mithunakA hotA hai / karka meM prathama karkakA, dvitIya siMhakA, tRtIya kanyAkA, caturtha tulAkA, paMcama' vRzcikakA, SaSTha dhanukA, saptama makarakA, aSTama kumbhakA aura navama mInakA hotA hai| siMhameM prathama meSakA, dvitIya vRSakA, tRtIya mithunakA, caturtha karkakA, paMcama siMhakA, SaSTha kanyAkA, saptama tulAkA, aSTama vRzcikakA aura navama navAMza dhanukA hotA hai| kanyA prathama makarakA; dvitIya kumbhakA, tRtIya mInakA, caturtha meSakA, paMcama vRSakA, SaSTha mithunakA, saptama karkakA, aSTama siMhakA aura navama kanyAkA navAMza hotA hai / tulAmeM prathama tulAkA, dvitIya vRzcikakA, tRtIya dhanukA, caturtha makarakA, paMcama kumbhakA, SaSTha mInakA, saptama meSakA, aSTama vRSakA aura navama navAMza mithunakA hotA hai / vRzcika rAzimeM prathama navAza karkakA, dvitIya siMhakA, tRtIya kanyAkA, caturtha tulAkA, paMcama vRzcikakA, SaSTha dhanukA, saptama makarakA, aSTama kumbhakA aura navama mInakA navAMza hotA hai / isI kramAnusAra AgekI rAziyoMmeM bhI navAMzakI gaNanAkI jAtI hai / gaNita vidhise navamAMza nikAlanekA niyama yaha hai ki abhISTa saMkhyAmeM rAzi aMkako nause guNA karane para jo guNanaphala prApta ho usameM tIna aMza bosa kalAkA bhAga denese jo phala prApta ho use abhISTa saMkhyAmeM jor3a denese navAMza A jAtA hai / cara rAzikA prathama navAMza, sthira rAzikA paMcama navAMza aura dvisvabhAva rAzikA antima navAMza vargottama navAMza kahalAte haiN| saptamAMzAdi vicAra saptamAMza nikAlanekI vidhi yaha hai ki cAra aMza, satraha kalA, ATha vikalA pramANa eka saptamAMza hotA hai| samarAzimeM usa rAzikI saptama rAzise aura viSama rAzimeM usI rAzise saptamAMzakI gaNanA kI jAtI hai / lagna aura grahoMke saptamAMza nikAla kara unameM grahoMkA sthApana karanese saptamAMza kuNDalI bana jAtI hai / . eka rAzimeM daza dazamAMza hote haiM arthAt tIna aMzakA eka dazamAMza hotA hai / viSama rAzimeM usI rAzise aura sama rAzimeM navama rAzise dazamAMzakI gaNanA hotI hai / vazamAMza kuNAlI banAnekI vidhi yaha hai ki lagna spaSTa jisa dazamAMzameM ho vahI dazamAMza kuNDalIkA lagna mAnA jAtA hai aura graha spaSTa dvArA grahoMko mAta kara jisa dazamAMzakA jo graha ho usa mahako usa rAzimeM sthApana karanese dazamAMza kuNDalI banatI hai / rAzike bAraha bhAgoMmeM se usakA eka bhAga dvAdazAMza kahalAtA hai| gaNitAnusAra yaha do baMza tIsa kalA kA hotA hai| dvAdaza gaNanA apanI rAzise lI jAtI hai / yathA mepameM

Page #366
jyotiSa evaM maNita 321 meSase, vRSameM vRSase, mithunameM mithunase Adi / dvAdazAMza kuNDalI pUrvavat lakSya spaSTa meM dvAdazAMza nikAlakara dvAdazAMza lagna evaM spaSTa grahoMmeM dvAdazAMza nikAla kara dvAdazAMza kuNDalI ke graha Ate haiM / eka rAzimeM solaha SoDazAMza hote haiM / eka SoDazAMza eka aMza, bAvana kalA aura tIsa vikalA kA hotA hai / SoDazAMzakI gaNanA cAra rAziyoM meM meSAdi se, sthira rAziyoM meM siMhAdise aura dvisvabhAva rAziyoM meM dhanu rAzisekI jAtI hai / lagna spaSTa jisa SoDazAMzameM AyA ho vahI SoDazAMza kuNDalIkA lagna evaM graha - spaSTa ke anusAra SoDazAMza nikAla kara graha sthApita kiye jAte haiM / viSama rAziyoM meM - meSa, mithuna, siMha, tulA, dhanu aura kumbhameM prathama pA~ca aMza vAlA trizAMza maMgalakA, dvitIya pA~ca aMza zanikA, tRtIya ATha aMza bRhaspatikA, caturtha sAta aMza budhakA aura paMcama pA~ca aMza zukrakA trizAMza hotA hai / sama rAziyoM-- vRSa, karka, kanyA, vRzcika, makara aura mInameM prathama pA~ca aMza zukrakA, dvitIya sAta aMza budhakA, tRtIya ATha aMza vRhaspatikA, caturtha pA~ca aMza zanikA aura paMcama pA~ca aMza maMgala kA trizAMza hotA hai / maitrI- vicAra eka SaSTha aMza tIsa kalAkA mAnA gayA hai / lagna aura grahoMke SaSTha aMza nikAla kara pUrvavat SaSTha aMza kuNDalI taiyAra kI jAtI hai / SaDvarga, dazavarga aura SoDazavarga vicAra krama meM graha maitrI aura svAMza evaM kArakAMzakA jJAna bhI Avazyaka hai / nisarga maitrIkA vicAra karate hue AcAryoMne batAyA hai ki sUrya ke maMgala, candramA aura bRhaspati nisarga mitra, zukra aura zani zatru evaM budha sama hai / candramAke sUrya aura budha mitra, bRhaspati, maMgala zukra aura zani sama haiM / maMgala ke sUrya, candramA aura bRhaspati mitra, budha zatru, zukra aura zani sama haiM / budhake zukra aura sUrya mitra, zani, bRhaspati aura maMgala sama evaM candramA zatru hai / bRhaspati ke sUrya, maMgala aura candramA mitra, zani sama evaM zukra aura budha zatru haiM / zukra ke zani, budha mitra, candramA, sUrya zatru aura bRhaspati maMgala sama hai / zanike sUrya, candramA aura maMgala zatru, bRhaspati sama evaM zukra aura budha mitra haiM / tAtkAlika maitrIkI dRSTise jo graha jisa sthAnameM rahatA hai vaha usase dUsare, tIsare, cauthe, dazaveM, gyArahaveM aura bArahaveM bhAvake sAtha mitratA rakhatA hai- tAtkAlika mitra hotA hai / anya sthAnoM - 115 6 7 8 9 ke graha zatru hote haiM / naisargika aura tAtkAlika maitrI ina donoMke sammizraNase pA~ca prakAra ke mitra zatru hote haiM - 1 - ati mitra, 2 - atizatru, 3- mitra, 4 - zatru aura 5 - udAsIna - sama / tAtkAlika aura naisargika donoM sthAnoMmeM mitratA honese atimitra, donoM sthAnoMmeM zatru honese atizatru, eka meM mitra aura dUsare meM sama honese mitra, eka meM sama aura dUsaremeM zatru evaM ekameM zatru aura dUsaremeM mitra honese sama-udAsIna graha hote haiM / kAraka aura svAMza-vicAra sUryAdi sapta grahoM meM jisake aMza sabase adhika hoM vahI AtmakAraka graha hotA hai / yadi aMza barAbara hoM to unameM jisakI kalA adhika hoM, vaha, kalAkI samatA honepara jisakI 41

Page #367
322 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna vikalA adhika hoM vaha AtmakAraka hotA hai / vikalAoM meM bhI samAnatA honepara jo balI graha hogA vahI jAtakakA AtmakAraka graha mAnA jaaegaa| AtmakArakase alpa aMza vAlA bhrAtRkAraka, usase nyUna aMza vAlA mAtRkAraka, usase nyUna aMza vAlA putrakAraka, usase nyUna aMza vAlA jAtikAraka aura usase nyUna aMza vAlA strIkAraka hotA hai / kArakAMza kuNDalI nirmANa kI prakriyA yaha hai ki AtmakAraka graha jisa rAzike navamAMzameM ho usako lagna mAnakara sabhI grahoMko yathAsthAna sthApita kara denese kArakAMza kuNDalI banatI hai / svAMza kuNDalIkA nirmANa prAyaH kArakAMza kuNDalI ke samAna hI hotA hai / isameM lagnarAzi kArakAMza kuNDalIkI hI mAnI jAtI hai, kintu grahoMkA sthApana apanI apanI navAMza rAzimeM kiyA jAtA hai / arthAt navAMza kuNDalIme graha jisa jisa rAzime Aye haiM svAMza kuNDalI meM bhI usa usa rAzimeM sthApita kiye jAte haiM / grahayoga graha yogoMkA vicAra tRtIya siddhAntake antargata hai ! graha yogoMkI saMkhyA pA~ca-chaha sau se kama nahIM hai, para pradhAnataH rAjayoga, rajjuyoga, musala yoga, nala yoga, mAlA yoga, sarpayoga, gadAyoga, zakaTayoga, pakSIyoga, zRMgATaka yoga, halayoga, vajra yoga, kamala yoga, bApI yoga, zaktiyoga, daNDa yoga, naukA yoga, kUpa yoga, kSatrayoga, cApayoga, cakrayoga, gaja kesarI yoga, zarada yoga Adi yoga pradhAna hai| yogoMka vicAra hA jAtakake vAstavika phalakA parijJAna hotA hai / jisa janma kuNDalI meM tIna athavA cAra graha apane ucca yA mUla trikoNameM balI hoM to pratApazAlI vyakti mantrI yA rAjyapAla hotA hai, jisa jAtakake pA~ca athavA chaH graha ucca yA mUla trikoNameM sthita hoM, to vaha daridra-kulotpanna honepara bhI rAjya zAsanameM pramukha adhikAra prApta karatA hai| jisa jAtakake janma samaya meSa lagnameM candramA, maMgala aura guru hoM athavA ina tInoM grahoMmeMse do graha meSa lagna meM hoM to vaha nizcaya hI mantrI pada prApta karatA hai| meSa lagnameM ucca rAzike grahoM dvArA dRSTa guruke sthita honese zikSA mantrI pada prApta hotA hai / meSa lagnameM uccakA sUrya ho dazamameM maMgala ho aura navama bhAvameM guru sthita ho to vyakti prabhAvaka, mantrI yA rAjyapAla hotA hai / guru apane ucca meM tathA maMgala lagnastha ho aura isa sthAnameM meSa rAzi ho to gRha mantrI yA videza mantrIkA pada-prApta hotA hai / meSa lagnameM janma grahaNa karanevAlA vyakti nirbala grahoMke hone para pulisa adhikArI hotA hai / yadi isa lagnake vyaktikI kuNDalImeM krUra graha-zani, ravi aura maMgala ucca yA mUla trikoNameM hoM aura guru navama bhAvameM sthita ho to rakSA mantrIkA pada prApta hotA hai / ekAdaza bhAvameM candramA zukra aura guru hoM, meSameM maMgala ho, makarameM zani ho aura kanyAmeM budha ho to vyakti ko rAjAke samAna sukha prApta hotA hai / rAjayogoMke vicArake lie ucca, mUla trikoNa navAMza aura svarAzikA vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai / janma kuNDalI meM samasta graha apane apane paramocca meM hoM aura budha apane ucca navAMzameM ho to jAtaka cunAva meM vijayI hotA hai tathA use rAjanItimeM yaza aura ucca prada prApta hotA hai| ucca grahake rahanese rASTrapatikA pada bhI milatA hai / candramA, maMgala aura bRhaspatike uccAMzoM dvArA rASTrapati pada, mantrI pada, ema0 ela0 e0, ema0 pI0 Adi kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / uccakA guru kendra sthAnameM aura zukra dazama bhAva

Page #368
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 323 meM ho to vyakti rAjanItimeM saphalatA prApta karatA hai / pUrNa candramA karphameM ho tathA balI budha, guru aura zukra apane apane navAMzameM sthita ho kara caturtha bhAvameM hoM aura grahoM para sUryakI dRSTi ho to sAdhAraNa vyakti bhI mantrI pada prApta karatA hai / maMgala, sUrya, candra aura guruke ucca rAziyoMmeM rahane para rAjyAdhikArIkA pada prApta hotA hai / samasta zubha graha 114 / 7 meM hoM aura maMgala ravi tathA zani 3 / 6 / 11 bhAvoM meM ho to jAtakako nyAyI yoga hotA hai / isa yogameM janma lenevAlA cunAva meM vijayI hotA hai| samasta zubha graha 9 aura 11veM bhAvoM meM hoM to kalaza nAmaka yoga hotA hai / isa yoga vAlA vyakti rAjyapAla yA rASTrapati hotA hai / yadi tIna graha 3 / 5 / 11 veM bhAvameM hoM, do graha SaSTha bhAva meM aura zeSa do graha saptama bhAva meM hoM to pUrNa kumbha nAmaka yoga hotA hai / isa yoga vAlA vyakti ucca zAsanAdhikArI athavA rAjadUta hotA hai / jaba sabhI graha cara rAziyoMmeM sthita rahate haiM to use rajju yoga kahA jAtA hai / isa yogameM utpanna manuSya bhramaNazIla, sundara, paradeza jAne meM sukhI, krUra, duSTa-svabhAva evaM sthAnAntarameM unnati karane vAlA hotA hai| ____ samasta graha sthira rAziyoMmeM hoM to musala yoga hotA hai / isa yogameM utpanna hone vAlA jAtaka mAnI, jJAnI, dhanI, rAjamAnya, prasiddha, bahuta putravAlA, maNDalAdhIzvara, zikSaka, dhArA-sabhAoMkA sadasya pavaM zAsanAdhikArI hotA hai / samasta graha dvisvabhAva rAziyoMmeM hoM to nala yoga hotA hai / isa yoga vAlA jAtaka hIna yA adhika aMgavAlA, dhanasaMgrahakartA, aticatura rAjanaitika dAMva-pecoMmeM pravINa evaM nirvAcanameM saphalatA prApta karatA hai| buddha, guru aura zukra 4 / 7 / 10 veM sthAnameM hoM aura zeSa graha ina sthAnoMse bhinna sthAnoMmeM hoM to mAlA yoga hotA hai / mAlA yoga honese jAtaka dhanI, vastrAbhUSaNayukta, sampanna zikSita evaM mAnya hotA hai / mAlA yoga vAle jAtakako 35 varSako avasthAse jIvanameM saphalatA prApta hotI hai / ravi, zani aura maMgala 4 / 7 / 10 veM sthAnameM hoM aura candra, guru, zukra evaM budha ina sthAnoMse bhinna sthAnoMmeM sthita hoM to sarpa yoga hotA hai / isa yogake honese jAtaka kuTila, nirdhana, dukhI, dIna, bhikSATana karane vAlA, candA mAMgakara khA jAne vAlA evaM sarvatra nindA prApta karanevAlA hotA hai| lagna aura saptama meM samasta graha hoM to zakaTa yoga hotA hai| isa yogavAlA rogI, mUrkha, DrAivara, svArthI evaM apanA kAma nikAlane meM bahuta pravINa hotA hai / caturtha aura dazama bhAvameM samasta graha hoM to vihaga yoga hotA hai / isa yogameM janma lenevAlA jAtaka rAjadUta, guptacara, bhramaNazIla, kalahapriya aura dhanI hotA hai| zubha graha ukta sthAnoMmeM hoM aura pApagraha tRtIya, SaSTha aura ekAdaza bhAvameM sthita hoM to jAtaka nyAyAdhIza aura maNDalAdhikArI hotA hai / samasta graha lagana paMcama aura navama sthAnameM hoM to zRMgATaka yoga hotA hai / isa yogavAlA jAtaka sainika, yoddhA, kalahapriya, rAjakarmacArI, karmaTha evaM jIvanameM unnati karanevAlA hotA hai / vIratA ke kAryoM meM ise saphalatA prApta hotI hai| isa yogavAlekA bhAgya 23 varSako avasthAse udita hotA hai| samasta zubha graha lagna aura saptama sthAnameM sthita hoM avathA samasta pApa graha caturtha aura dazama bhAva meM sthita hoM to vajra yoga hotA hai| isa yogavAlA bAlya aura bAkya avasthAmeM sukhI, zUravIra, sundara, nispRha, manda bhAgyavAlA, pulisa yA senAmeM naukarI karane

Page #369
324 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna vAlA evaM khala-prakRti kA hotA hai / samasta graha lagna, caturtha, saptama aura dazama bhAva meM sthita hoM to kamala yoga hotA hai| isa yogakA jAtaka dhanI, guNI, dIrghAyu, yazasvI, sukRta karanevAlA, vijayI, mantrI yA rAjyapAla hotA hai / kamala yoga bahuta hI prabhAvaka yoga hotA hai / isa yoga meM janma lenevAlA vyakti zAsanAdhikArI avazya banatA hai / kAnUna zAstrakA vizeSajJa honeke kAraNa bar3e bar3e vyakti usase salAha leneke lie Ate haiM / lagnase lagAtAra cAra sthAnoM meM saba graha hoM to yUpayoga hotA hai / isa yogavAlA AtmajJAnI, dharmAtmA, sukhI, balavAna, vrata-niyamakA pAlana karanevAlA aura viziSTa vyaktitvase yukta hotA hai / yUpa yoga meM utpanna huA vyakti paMcAyatI hotA hai aura ApasI vivAdoM aura jhagar3oMko nipaTA dene meM use apUrva saphalatA prApta hotI hai / caturtha sthAnase Age cAra sthAnoMmeM graha sthita hoM to zara yoga hotA hai / isa yogavAlA vyakti jelakA nirIkSaka, zikArI, kutsita karma karanevAlA, pulisa adhikArI evaM nIca karmarata durAcArI hotA hai| saptama bhAvase Ageke cAra bhAvoM meM samasta graha hoM to zakti yoga hotA hai aura dazama bhAvase Ageke cAra bhAvoMmeM samasta graha hoM to daNDa yoga hotA hai / zakti yoga me janma lenevAlA jAtaka dhanahIna, niSphala jIvana, dukhI, AlasI, dIrghAyu, dIrghasUtrI, nirdaya aura choTA vyApArI hotA hai / zakti yogameM janma lenevAlA vyakti naukarI bhI karatA hai para use jIvana meM kahIM bhI saphalatA nahIM milatI / daNDa yogameM janma lenevAlA vyakti nIca karma-rata hotA hai, para saMsArake kAryoMmeM use saphalatA milatI hai / yaha udyoga dhandhe kArya nahIM kara sakatA hai, naukarI hI isake jIvanakA pezA hotI hai / lagnase lagAtAra sAta sthAnoM meM sAtoM graha hoM to naukA yoga hotA hai / isa yogameM janma lenevAlA vyakti nau senAkA sainika, sTImara yA jalIya jahAjakA cAlaka, kaptAna, panaDubbI meM pravINa aura motI, sIpa Adi nikAlane kI kalAmeM kuzala hotA hai / naukA yogavAlA jAtaka dhanI hotA hai aura jIvanameM durghaTanAoM kA zikAra nirantara hotA rahatA hai / caturtha bhAvase Ageke sAta sthAnoM meM sabhI graha hoM to kUTa yoga aura saptama bhAvase Agese sAta sthAnoM meM samasta graha hoM to chatra yoga hotA hai / kUTa yoga meM janma lenevAlA vyakti jela - karmacArI, dhanahIna, zaTha, krUra, iMjIniyara yA anya kisI kalA meM pravINa hotA hai| chatra yoga vAlA vyakti dhanika, lokapriya, rAjakarmacArI, ucca padAdhikArI, sevaka, parivAra ke vyaktiyoMkA bharaNa-poSaNa karanevAlA evaM apane kArya meM ImAnadAra hotA hai / graha yogakA yaha vicAra kisI sthAna vizeSase Age athavA kisI sthAna vizeSapara grahoM ke sthita rahane se kiyA gayA hai| sabhI graha eka rAzimeM sthita hoM, do rAziyoM meM sthita hoM, tIna rAziyoM meM sthita hoM, cAra rAziyoM meM sthita hoM, pAMca rAziyoMmeM sthita hoM, chaH rAziyoM meM sthita hoM aura sAta rAziyoM meM sthita hoM to kramazaH gola-yoga, yuga-yoga, zUla-yoga, kedArayoga, pAza-yoga, dAma-yoga evaM vINAyoga hote haiM / ina yogoMkA vicAra bahuta hI vistArapUrvaka kiyA gayA hai / grahayuti grahayutike antargata dvisaMyogI, trisaMyogI, catuHsaMyogI Adi grahoMke phala batalAe haiM / ravi-candra, ravi- maMgala, ravi-budha, ravi- guru, ravi-zukra, aura ravi-zanikI yutiyoMke sAtha candra

Page #370
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 325 maMgala, maMgala-budha, budha-guru, guru-zukra, zukra-zani grahoMkI yutiyoMke phala bhI Aye haiN| visaMyogiyoMmeM ravi-candra-maMgala, candra-maMgala-budha, maMgala-budha-guru, guru-zukra-zanike phalAdezoMkA nirUpaNa AyA hai / catussaMyogiyoMmeM ravi-candra-maMgala-budha, candra-maMgala-budha-guru, maMgala-budha-guru-zukra, budha-guru-zukra-zani, guru-zukra-zani-ravike sthAna vizeSake AdhArapara saMyogI phaloMkA kathana kiyA gayA hai / isa saMyogI vicAroMko avagata karaneke lie nimnalikhita niyamoMkI jAnakArI apekSita hai-- 1-sthAna-sambandha 2-dRSTi-sambandha 3-rAzi-svAmiyoMkA sambandha 4-balAbala-sambandha 5-mitra-zatrutva-sambandha ukta niyamoMke anusAra graha yutikA vicAra karanese jAtaka sambandho phalAdezakA jJAna prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| graha dRSTike sambandhameM sAmAnya niyamoMke vivecana prasaMgameM ho liyA jA cukA hai| SaDbala vicAra jAtaka-tatvakA pramukha avayava SaDbala hai| bala-vicArake abhAvameM jAtaka-tatvakA pUrNa vivecana sambhava nhiiN| ataeva grahoMke balAbalapara vicAra karanA paramAvazyaka hai| jAtaka zAstrameM grahoMke chaH prakArake bala batalAye gaye haiM:-(1) sthAna bala, (2) digbala, (3) kAlabala (4) ceSTAbala (5) naisargika bala aura (6) dRgbala / ___ sthAna balameM uccabala, yugmAyugma bala, saptavagaikya-bala, kendra-bala aura dreSkANa-bala ye pA~ca sammilita haiN| ina pAMcoM baloMkA yoga karanese sthAnabala hotA hai| sAmAnyataH graha apanI uccarAzi, svakSetra, mUlatrikoNa, svanavamAMza yA atimitrake kSetrameM rahanese sthAnabalI hotA hai| zanimeMse lagnako, sUrya aura maMgalameMse caturtha bhAvako, candramA aura zukrameMse dazama bhAvako, budha aura gurumeMse saptama bhAvako ghaTA kara zeSameM chaH rAzikA bhAga denese grahoMkA digbala AtA hai / yadi zeSa chaH rAzise adhika ho to bAraha rAziyoMse ghaTAkara taba bhAga denA cAhie / dUsarA niyama yaha hai ki zeSakI vikalAoM meM 10800 kA bhAga denese kalA vikalAtmaka digbala hotA hai / budha aura guru lagnameM rahanese, zukra aura candramA caturthameM rahanese, zani saptama bhAvameM rahane se evaM sUrya aura maMgala dazama sthAnameM rahanese digbalI hote haiN| ataH lagna pUrva, dazama, dakSiNa, saptama pazcima aura caturthAbhAva uttara dizAmeM mAne gaye haiN| isI kAraNa ina sthAnoMmeM grahoMkA rahanA digbala kahalAtA hai| budha aura guru lagnameM rahanese, zukra aura candramA caturthameM rahanese, zani saptama bhAvameM rahanese evaM sUrya aura maMgala dazama sthAnamai rahanese digbalI hote haiM / yataH lagnapUrva, dazama

Page #371
326 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna dakSiNa, saptama pazcima aura caturthAbhAva uttara dizAmeM mAne gaye haiN| isI kAraNa ina sthAnoMmeM grahoMkA rahanA digbala kahalAyA hai / natonnata bala, pakSabala, ahorAtra vibhAga-bala, varSezAdibala ina cAroM baloMkA yogakara denepara kAlabala AtA hai| phalita kI dRSTise rAtrimeM janma honepara candra, zani aura maMgala * yathA dinameM janma honepara sUrya, budha aura zukra kAlabalI hote haiN| matAntarase budhako sarvadA kAlabalI mAnA gayA hai| zani, maMgala, budha, guru, zukra, candra aura sUryako uttarottara naisargika balI mAnA jAtA hai| makarase mithuna paryanta kisI rAzimeM rahanese sUrya aura candramA tathA maMgala, budha, guru, zukra aura zani candramAke sAtha rahanese ceSTAbalI hote haiM / zubha grahoMse duSTa graha dRgbalI hote haiN| balavAn graha apane svabhAva ke anusAra jisa bhAvameM rahatA hai, usa bhAvakA phala detA hai / rAzi svabhAva aura graha svabhAvake adhyayanake AdhArapara phalAdezakA nirNaya karanA cAhie / grahoM kA svabhAva ___ grahoMke svabhAvake sambandhameM yaha smaraNIya hai ki guru aura zukra donoM zubha graha hai, para zukrase sAMsArika aura vyavahArika sukhoMkA aura bRhaspatise pAralaukika evaM AdhyAtmika sukhoM kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| zukrake prabhAvase manuSya svArthI aura bRhaspatike prabhAvase pAramArthI hotA hai| zani aura maMgala ye donoM pApagraha haiM, para donoMmeM antara yahI hai ki zani yadyapi krUra graha hai, lekina usakA antima pariNAma sukhada hotA hai / zani durbhAgya aura yantraNAke pherameM DAlakara manuSyako zuddha banA detA hai| parantu maMgala uttejanA denevAlA, umaMga aura tRSNAse paripUrNa kara dene ke kAraNa sarvadA duHkhadAyaka hotA hai / grahoMmeM sUrya aura candramA rAjA, budha yuvarAja, maMgala senApati, zukra-guru mantrI evaM zani bhRtya haiM / sabala graha jAtakako pUrNa sukha dete haiM / jAtaka tatvakI jAnakArIke lie grahasvarUpa, grahabala, grahoMkI dRSTi, unake mUlatrikoNa, svakSetra AdikA vizleSaNa Avazyaka hai / grahoMkI avasthAe~ jAtaka tatvake antargata mahAdazA vicAra AtA hai; para isake pUrva grahoMkI avasthAoM kA vivecana karanA Avazyaka hai / jAtaka zAstrameM grahoMkI avasthA tIna prakArakI mAnI gayI hai-(1) doptAdi, (2) bAlyAdi aura (3) shynaadi| graha apane uccameM dIpta, svakSetrameM svastha, mitrakI rAzimeM harSita, zubhagrahake vargameM zAnta, SaDbala yA SoDasa vargameM candanAdi bheda gata graha zakta, ravise yukta graha lupta (asta), apanI nIca rAzimeM dIna, pApa graha tathA zatrU grahakI rAzimeM pIr3ita hote haiN| jo graha dIpta, svastha, harSita, zAnta aura zakta avasthAmeM hoM, ve uttama mAne jAte haiM /

Page #372
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 327 viSama rAzi-1,3,5,7,9,11 meM chaH aMza taka bAlaka, bAraha aMza taka kumAra, aThAraha aMza taka yuvA, caubIsa aMza taka vRddha aura tIsa aMza taka mRta avasthAmeM rahatA hai / smraashi-2|4|6|8|10|12 meM chaH aMza taka mRta, bAraha aMza taka vRddha, aThAraha aMza taka yuvA, caubIsa aMza taka kumAra aura tIsa aMza taka bAlyAvasthAmeM rahate haiN| jisa avasthAmeM graha ho, usI avasthA tulyakAlameM kArya hotA hai / vRddha aura mRta avasthAmeM graha uttama nahIM hote| jisa nakSatrameM graha sthita ho usa nakSatrakI saMkhyAko grahako saMkhyAse guNA kare aura guNanaphalako grahake mutAMzase guNA kare aura janmalagnakI saMkhyA aura iSTa ghaTIko jor3a de| isa yogaphalameM bArahakA bhAga denepara eka zeSa rahane para zayana, do zeSa rahane para upavezana, tIna zeSa rahanepara netrapANi, cAra zeSa rahe to prakAza, pA~ca zeSa rahe to gamana, chaH zeSa rahane para Agamana, sAta zeSa rahanepara samA, ATha zeSa rahanepara gama, nau zeSa rahanepara bhojana, dasa zeSa rahanepara vilAsa, gyAraha zeSa rahanepara kautuka aura zUnya zeSa rahanepara nidrA avasthA jJAta karanI cAhie / inameM upavezana, prakAza, sabhA, vilAsa aura kautuka avasthAgata graha uttama hotA hai| ___ jAtakakI kriyA, gati aura phalakA pUrNa jJAna prApta karaneke lie aSTottarI, viMzottarI aura yauginI Adi dazAoMkA vizleSaNa Avazyaka hotA hai / grahoM ke zubhAzubhatvakA samaya dazAke dvArA hI jJAta hotA hai| mArakezakA nirNaya bhI dazA jJAnake binA sambhava nahIM hai| dakSiNa bhAratameM aSTottarI dazAkA aura uttara bhAratameM viMzottarI dazAkA pracAra hai / dazAvicAra ___viMzottarI dazAmeM 120 varSakI Ayu mAnakara grahoMkA vibhAjana kiyA gayA hai / sUryakI dazA chaH varSa, candramAkI daza varSa, bhaumakI sAta varSa, rAhukI aThAraha varSa, gurukI solaha varSa, zaniko unnIsa varSa, budhakI satraha varSa, ketukI sAta varSa evaM zukrakI bIsa varSakI dazA batAyI gayI hai| dazA jJAta karane kI vidhi yaha hai ki vyaktikA, uttarA phAlgunI aura uttarASADhAmeM janma honese sUryakI, rohiNI, hasta aura zravaNameM janma honese candramAkI, mRgazirA, citrA aura ghaniSThA nakSatrameM janma honese maMgalakI, ArdrA, svAti aura zatamiSAmeM janma honese rAhukI, punarvasu, vizAkhA aura pUrvAbhAdrapadameM janma honese gurukI, puSya, anurAdhA aura uttarAbhAdrapadameM janma honese zanikI, AzleSA, jyeSThA aura revatImeM janma honese budhakI maghA, mUla aura azvinImeM janma honese ketukI evaM bharaNI, pUrvAphAlgunI aura pUrvASADhAmeM janma honese zukrakI dazA hotI hai / bhayAta aura bhabhogako palAtmaka banAkara janma nakSatrake anusAra jisa grahakI dazA ho, usake varSoMse palAtmaka bhayAta ko guNA kara palAtmaka bhabhogakA bhAga denese labdha varSAdi Ate haiN| isa varSAdiko bhuktamAna kahA jAtA hai aura ise dazA varSamese ghaTAnepara bhogya varSAdi mAna hotA hai| bhAvezoMke anusAra viMzottarI dazAkA phala jAnanekI nimnalikhita vidhiyA~ haiM 1-lagnezakI dazAmeM zArIrika sukha aura dhanAgama hotA hai| parantu strIkaSTa bhI dekhA jAtA hai|

Page #373
128 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmaya kA avadAna 2-dhanezako dazAmeM dhanalAbha, para zArIrika kaSTa hotA hai| yadi dhaneza pApagrahase yukta ho to isa dazAmeM mRtyu bhI hotI hai| 3-tRtIyezakI dazA kaSTakAraka, cintAjanaka aura sAdhAraNa AmadanI karAne vAlI hotI hai / ___4-caturthezakI dazAmeM ghara, vAhana, bhUmi Adike lAbhake sAtha mAtA, mitrAdi aura svayaM apaneko zArIrika sukha hotA hai| caturtheza balavAna, zubha grahoMse dRSTa ho to isakI dazAmeM nayA bhavana banatA hai| lAbheza aura caturtheza donoM dazama yA caturtha meM hoM to isa grahakI dazAmeM mila yA bar3A kArobAra jAtaka karatA hai lekina isa dazAkAlameM pitAko kaSTa rahatA hai| vidyAlAbha, vizvavidyAlayoMkI bar3I upAdhiyA~ isa dazAmeM prApta hotI hai| yadi jAtakako yaha dazA apane vidyArthIkAlameM nahIM mile to anya samayameM isa dazAke kAlameM unnati tathA vidyA dvArA yazakI prApti hotI hai / 5-paMcamezakI dazAmeM viNAprApti, dhanalAbha, sammAnavRddhi, subuddhi, mAtAkI mRtyu yA mAtAke pIr3A hotI hai / yadi paMcameza puruSa graha ho to putra aura strI graha ho to kanyA santAnakI prAptikA yoga rahatA hai / santAna yogakA vicAra karane para hI isa yoga kA phala jAnA jA sakatA hai| 6-lagneza aSTamameM, aSTameza lagna meM hoM, chaThe sthAnameM zani, sUrya aura candramA ekatra hoM tathA pApa grahoMse iSTa candramA 6 / 8 / 12 veM bhAvameM ho, lagneza aSTamameM pApa grahoMse iSTa yA yuta ho to 18-20 varSa taka Ayu hotI hai / 7-lagnameM vRzcika rAzi ho aura usameM sUrya, guru sthita hoM tathA aSTameza kendrameM ho, candramA aura rAhu saptama, aSTama bhAvameM hoM, pApa grahake sAtha guru lagnameM ho, aSTama sthAnameM koI graha nahIM ho, aSTameza dvitIyeza aura navameza eka sAtha hoM tathA lagneza aSTamameM ho to jAtakako 22-24 varSakI Ayu hotI hai / 8-zani dvisvabhAva rAzigata ho kara lagnameM ho aura dvAdazeza tathA aSTameza nirbala hoM to 25-30 varSakI Ayu hotI hai / yaha phala dvitIyeza, tRtIyeza yA saptamezakI dazAmeM ghaTita hotA hai| 9-lagneza nirbala, aSTameza dvitIya yA tRtIyameM ho, lagneza, aSTameza kendravatI hoM tathA kendrameM anya koI zubha graha nahIM ho to alpAyu hotI hai, aSTamezakI dazAmeM mRtyubhaya, strI mRtyu evaM nAnA prakArako vyAdhiyA~ utpanna hotI haiM / 10-navamezakI dazAmeM tIrthayAtrA, bhAgyodaya, dAna, puNya, vidyA dvArA unnati, bhAgyavRddhi, sammAna, rAjyase sahayoga evaM kisI bar3e kAryako saphalatA prApta hotI hai / dazameza ko dazAmeM rAjAzrayakI prApti, dhanalAbha, sammAnavRddhi aura sukhodaya hotA hai / 11-ekAdazezako dazAmeM dhanalAbha, khyAti, vyApArase pracura lAbha evaM pitAkI mRtyu hotI hai / yaha dazA sAdhAraNataH zubha-phaladAyaka hotI hai / yadi ekAdazeza para krUra grahakI dRSTi ho to yaha dazA rogotpAdaka hotI hai /

Page #374
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 329 12- dvAdazezakI dazAmeM dhanahAni, zArIrika kaSTa, cintAeM, vyAdhiyA~ aura kuTumbiyoMko kaSTa hotA hai / graha dazAkA phala sampUrNa dazAkAla meM eka sA nahIM hotA, kintu prathama dreSkANameM graha ho to dazAke prArambhameM dvitIyake dreSkANa meM ho to dazAke madhyameM aura tRtIya dreSkANameM graha ho to dazAke antame phalako prApti hotI hai / vakrI graha ho to viparIta arthAt tRtIya dreSkANa meM grahake honepara prArambhameM, dvitIya dreSkANameM grahake honepara madhyameM aura prathama dreSkANameM ho to antameM phala prApta hotA hai / vakrI grahakI dazAmeM sthAna, dhana aura sukhakA nAza hotA hai, aura paradezagamana evaM sammAnakI hAni hotI hai / mArgI grahakI dazAmeM sammAna, sukha, dhana, yazakI vRddhi, lAbha, netAgirI aura udyogakI prApti hotI hai / yadi mArgI graha 6 / 8 / 12 veM bhAvameM sthita ho to abhISTa siddhimeM bAdhA AtI hai / moca aura zatrugrahakI dazAmeM paradezameM nivAsa, viyoga, zatruoMse hAni, vyApArase hAni, durAgraha, roga, vivAda aura nAnA prakArakI vipattiyA~ AtI haiM / yadi ye graha saumya grahoM se yuta yA dRSTa hoM to azubha phala kama ho jAtA hai / isa prakAra graha dazAke phalAdezakA vicAra karanA jAtaka tatvakA pramukha aMga hai / antarmukti antarmukti ke antargata antardazA, pratyantardazA, sUkSmadazA, prANadazA aura mahAprANadazAkI gaNanA kI jAtI hai / pratyeka grahakI mahAdazA meM nau grahoM kI antardazA hotI hai / antardazA nikAlane kI vidhi yaha hai ki dazA, dazAkA paraspara guNA kara dazAse bhAga denese labdha mAsa aura zeSako tInase guNA karanepara dina hoMge / antardazAke AnayanakA eka anya niyama yaha hai ki dazA, dazAkA paraspara guNA karanese jo guNanaphala prApta ho, usameM ikAIke aMkako chor3a zeSa aMka mAsa aura ikAIke aMkako tInase guNA karanepara dina saMkhyA AtI hai / antardazA ke Anayana ke pazcAt usake phalAdezapara bhI saMkSepa meM vicAra kara lenA Avazyaka hai pApa grahakI mahAdazA meM pApa grahakI antardazA dhanahAni, zatrubhaya aura kaSTa denevAlI hotI hai / jisa grahakI mahAdazA ho usase chaThe yA AThaveM sthAna meM sthita grahoMkI antardazA sthAnacyuti, bhayAnaka roga, mRtyutulya kaSTa yA mRtyu-dAyaka hotI hai / pApa grahakI mahAdazA meM zubha grahakI bhAga kaSTadAyaka aura AkhirI AdhA bhAga zubha grahakI mahAdazA meM zubha grahakI zArIrika sukha pradAna karatI hai / antardazA ho to usa antardazAkA pahalA AdhA sukhadAyaka hotA hai / antardazA ghanAgama, sammAna vRddhi, sukhodaya aura zubha grahakI mahAdazA meM pApa grahakI antardazA ho to antardazAkA pUrvArddha sukhadAyaka aura uttarArddha kaSTakAraka hotA hai / pApagrahakI mahAdazA meM apane zatru grahase yukta pApa grahako antardazA ho to vipatti AtI hai / zani kSetrameM candramA ho to usakI mahAdazAmeM saptamezakI mahAdazA parama kaSTadAyaka hotI hai / 42

Page #375
330 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna zani kSetrameM candramA ho to usakI mahAdazAmeM saptamezako antardazA parama kaSTakAraka hotI hai / zanimeM candramA aura candramAmeM zanikA dazAkAla Arthika dRSTi se kaSTakAraka hotA hai / zanimeM bRhaspati aura bRhaspatimeM zanikI antardazA ariSTakAraka hotI hai| isI prakAra maMgalameM zani aura zanimeM maMgalakI dazA rogotpAdaka hotI hai| zanimeM sUrya aura sUryameM zanikI antarmukti gurujanoMke lie kaSTadAyaka tathA apane lie cintAkAraka hotI hai| rAhu aura ketukI antarmukti dazAe~ prAyaH azubha hotI haiM, kintu jaba rAhu 3 / 6 / 11 veM bhAva meM ho to usakI antarmukti acchI mAnI jAtI hai / antarmuktikA vicAra karate samaya samasta grahoMkI antarmuktiyoMkA svarUpa, svabhAva, ucca, mUlatrikoNa Adike AdhArako avazya grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| dvAdaza bhAvoMke prasaMgameM prathama bhAvase zarIrako AkRti, rUpa AdikA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| isa bhAvameM jisa prakArakI rAzi aura graha rahate haiM, jAtakakA zarIra aura rUpa bhI vaisA hI hotA hai| zarIrakI sthitiko jJAta karane ke lie graha aura rAziyoMke tatvoMkI jAnakArI apekSita hai| dvitIya bhAvase dhanakA vicAra karate samaya dvitIyeza, dvitIya bhAvakI rAzi aura dvitIya sthAnapara dRSTi rakhanevAle grahoMke sambandhase kiyA jAtA hai / tRtIyabhAvase bhAI aura bahanoMkA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / janma-kuNDalIke gyArahaveM bhAvase bar3e bhAI aura bar3I bahanoMkA tathA tRtIya sthAnase choTe bhAI bahanoMkA vicAra karanA apekSita hai / caturtha bhAvase bhavana, pitA, mitra Adike sambandhameM vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / caturtha aura paMcama bhAva ina donoMke sambandhase vidyA aura buddhikA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / dazama sthAnase vidyAjanita yazakA aura vizvavidyAlayoMkI ucca parIkSAoMmeM uttIrNatA prApta karanekA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| candrakuNDalI aura janmakuNDalIke paMcama sthAnase santAnakA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / paMcamabhAva, paMcameza guru zubha graha dvArA dRSTa yA yuta honese santAna yoga rahatA hai| 6 / 8 / 12 bhAvoMke svAmI paMcama bhAva meM ho yA paMcameza 6 / 8 / 12 veM bhAvameM ho, paMcameza nIca yA astaMgata ho to santAnakA abhAva rahatA hai| SaSTha bhAva se roga aura zatrukA vicAra, saptama bhAvase vivAhakA vicAra aura aSTama bhAvase AyukA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| saptama sthAnameM zubha graha rahanese, saptama yA zubha grahoMkI dRSTike honese tathA saptameza ke zubha yuta yA dRSTa honese vivAha hotA hai| navama bhAvase bhAgya aura pharmake sambandhameM vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| isI bhAvake sAtha anya grahoMke sambandhase naukarI yoga, vyApAra yoga, kRSi yogakA bhI nirNaya kiyA gayA hai / ekAdaza bhAvase AmadanI aura dvAdaza bhAvase vyaya evaM roga, zoka AdikA vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai| grahoMke balAbalake anusAra mArakezakA bhI nirNaya karanA caahie| sUrya aura candramA mAraka nahIM hote| mAraka grahakI mahAdazA, antardazAmeM mRtyu nahIM hotii| kintu pApa grahoMkI antardazA athavA pratyantardazA honepara mRtyu hotI hai| mAraka graha zubha grahakI antadazAmeM mRtyukAraka nahIM hotaa| pAMcoM hI dazAeM pApa grahako honepara athavA mAraka grahakI dazA honepara mRtyu avazyambhAvI hai| isa prakAra jAtaka tatvake antargata grahoM aura rAziyoMke sambandhoMkA bhI vicAra karanA apekSita hai /

Page #376
AcArya nemicandra aura jyotiSa zAstra AcArya zrInemicandra jyotiSa-zAstrakebhI marmajJa vidvAn the / inake trilokasArAntargata jyotiSa-sambandhI viSayoM para prakAza DAlanA hI prastuta lekhakA uddezya hai| viSupa-vicAra AcArya nemicandra ne viSupa dinakA vicAra bahuta sUkSmadRSTise kiyA hai / jisa dina dinarAtri donoM samAna hoM vaha viSupa dina kahalAtA hai| yaha varSa meM do bAra AtA hai / AcAryake matase pratyeka ayanake ardhabhAga meM viSupa dina AtA hai / jyotiSa zAstrake niyamase bhI yaha dina sAyana meSAdi aura sAyana tulAdimeM par3atA hai; isakA bhI artha vahI hai jo AcAryane ayanArdha bhAgameM batalAyA hai / kyoMki karkase lekara dhanu-paryanta dakSiNAyana hotA hai / isameM tulAke sAyana sUryameM viSupa dina par3egA / yahA~ para bhI ayanake ardhabhAgameM hI viSupa dina mAnA gayA hai / isI prakAra makarase lekara mithuna taka uttarAyaNa hotA hai| isameM bhI meSake sAyana sUryameM viSupa dina mAnA gayA hai-arthAt ayana ke ardhabhAgameM hI viSupa dina par3atA hai| yahI anya jyotiSa granthoMmeM bhI milatA hai| jaise AcAryane paJcavarSAtmaka yuga mAna kara usa yugameM viSupa dinakI tithi tathA nakSatra lAnekA karaNa-sUtra batalAyA hai| usI prakAra vedAGga jyotiSa meMbhI paJcavarSAtmaka yuga mAna kara viSupa dinake tithi nakSatrakA sAdhana kiyA gayA hai / AcArya-kRta-karaNasUtra yaha hai : viguNe sagiTTa isupe ruUNe chagguNe have pampa / tappavvadalaM tu tithi pavaTTamANassa isupassa / / 427 // artha-viSupa-saMkhyAko dUnA karake usameMse eka ghaTA kara zeSako chaH se guNA karanese parvakA pramANa AyegA aura parvakA AdhA tithi-saMkhyA AyegI / isI AzayakA vedAGga jyotiSa meM bhI nimnAMkita karaNa-sUtra hai : viSuvat tadvirabhyastaM rUponaM SaDguNIkRtam / pakSAH yadAdhaM pakSANAM tithiH sa viSuvAn smRtaH / / yaha ati prAcIna hindU grantha vedAGga jyotiSakA bAvIsavAM zloka hai / isakA artha bhI vahI hai jo AcAryake karaNa-sUtrakA hai / arthAt viSupa saMkhyAko do se guNA karake guNanaphalameMse eka ghaTA zeSako chaH se guNA karane para viSupakI parva-saMkhyA AyegI aura parvakA AdhA tithisaMkhyA hogii| isa prakArakA mata anyAnya ajaina jyotiSa granthoMmeM pAyA jAtA hai aura AcArya ke karaNa-sUtrakI vAsanA bhI siddha hotI hai| jaba-taka kisI bhI sUtrakI vAsanA siddha na hove taba-taka vaha sarvamAnya nahIM ho sakatA hai / vAsanA isa prakArase hai mAgha zukla ke Adise tIna sauramAsa ke antarAlameM pahilA viSupa dina par3egA / kyoMki viSupa dina sAyana meSAdi aura sAyana tulAdimeM hI par3atA hai| isaliye yugAdise 60 saura

Page #377
332 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna 6. 5 mAsoMmeM 124 cAndrapakSa hote haiM to 3 sauramAsameM kitane hue ? isa prakAra anupAta karanese yaha natIjA nikalatA hai| 34124 = 31yaha zeSa rkhaa| dUsare viSupameM chaH sauramAsa hoMge, isaliye usake antargata pakSa x 3 do viSupameM kSepa eka guNA aura tInameM dviguNa tathA cArameM tiguNA isa prakArase iSTa viSupameM eka kama guNA mAnanA pdd'egaa| ataH (vi-1) isako pakSoMse guNA kara denese abhISTa viSpa saMkhyA A jaayegii| ataH abhISTa viSupa saMkhyA = vi-(antargata pakSa) pakSa = 62 (vi-1) = 62vi. - 62 isameM kSepako jor3a dene para yugAdise viSupa saMkhyA A jaavegii| 2 = 12 vi.-6 + ravi.-.6(2 vi.-1)pakSa + (2vi...) 415 tithi = 6(2 vi.-1) pakSa + 3 (2 vi.-1) tithi / yahA~ para do guNA karake do se hI bhAga dene para rAzimeM koI bhI antara nahIM hogA, isaliye 6(2-vi.-1)pakSa + 6(2vi.-1) isa prakAra se AcArya-kRta karaNa-sUtra niSpanna ho gyaa| isI abhiprAyakA Arya jyotiSameM bhI eka karaNa-sUtra hai viSuvat tadguNaM dvAbhyAM rUpahInaM tu SaDguNam / yallabdha tAni sarvANi tadardhaM sA tithirbhavet // isa prakArase AcAryane yugameM viSupa kA sAdhana kiyA hai / uttarAyaNa aura dakSiNAyanameM tithi nakSatra lAne kA vicAra vegAuTTiguNaM tesIdi sadaM sahida tiguNaguNarUve / paNNarabhajide pavvAsesA tihimANamayaNassa / / artha-vivakSita AvRtti meMse eka ghaTAkara zeSako 183 se guNA karake guNanaphalameM guNAkArako tInase guNAkara jor3a deM aura yogaphala meM eka aura milAnese jo ho usameM 15kA bhAga denese labdha parva aura zeSa tithi aayegii| isa prakArase AcAryane tithi aura parvakA ayanameM sAdhana kiyA hai / vedAGga-jyotiSa aura gargasaMhitAmeM bhI isI AzayakA sUtra hai| kyoMki vahA~para bhI paJcavarSIya yuga mAnakarake hI uttarAyaNa aura dakSiNAyanameM parva aura tithikA mAna nikAlA hai| AcAryakRta sUtrakI upapatti bahuta AsAnIse siddha hotI hai / ataeva AcAryakI yukti mahattvapUrNa pratIta hotI hai| kyoMki jyotiSa zAstrameM jisakI vAsanA sarala evaM sahajameM siddha ho vaha sUtra sarvamAnya hotA hai| AcAryakI vAsanA nimna prakArase hai-inake matase eka ayanase dUsare ayana-paryanta tithiko saMkhyA 6 adhika hotI hai / ataeva eka ayanase dUsare ayana-paryanta cAndra dina - cAndra varSa 372 2. 186 tithi ....

Page #378
40 jyotiSa evaM gaNita athavA cAndra dina eka ayanase dUsare ayana-paryanta hote haiM / cAndra dinameM 30 se bhAga deM to labdha mAsa aura zeSa tithi aayegii| ataH 186 : 30 - 6 + 6 yahAM para mAsoMko chor3a diyA, kyoMki prayojana nahIM hai; isaliye 6 tithikA grahaNa kiyaa| isase siddha huA ki prathama tithise dvitIya tithi 6 adhika hotI hai| ataH 1 + 6 = 7, 7+ 6 = 13, 13 + 6 - 19, 19 + 6 = 25, krama se 1, 7, 13, 19, 25, 1, 7, 13, 25 yahA~ para jo saMkhyA 15 se adhika hai usameM 15 kA bhAga dekara labdhako chor3a diyA aura zeSako grahaNa kiyA to 1, 7, 13, 4, 10, 1, 7, 13, 4, 10 yaha huaa| aba dakSiNAyanase gaNanAko jAya to prathama tithi-saMkhyA dakSiNAyanameM aura dUsarI uttarAyaNameM AyegI / nakSatra lAnekI upapatti ___eka saura varSa meM cAndra dina 372 aura eka yuga 5 varSakA hotA hai, isaliye isameM ravi bhagaNa 5 saura mAsa 60 saura dina 1800, cAndra mAsa 62, cAndra dina 1860, kSaya dina 30 bhabhrama vA nakSatrodaya 1830, cAndra bhagaNa 67, cAndrasAvana dina 1768, eka saura varSame sAvana dina 366, eka varSa meM nakSatrodaya 367, eka ayanase dUsare ayana-paryanta saura dina 180, eka ayanase dUsare ayana taka sAvana dina 183, 27 nakSatroMkA bhoga eka hI bhagaNameM hotA hai| 360 bhagaNa .. 27 - gaNa - saurAMza = 1 nakSatra-10-14. = 132. yaha dvitIya ayanakA nakSatra-bhAga huaa| isa prakArase dvitIya ayana puSyArdhameM upapanna huA / isa prakArase AcAryakI nakSatra-vAsanA yukti-saMgata hai aura isI prakArase nakSatra-AvRtti ayana kI vAsanA saMgata-siddha hotI hai| yadi isI paJcavarSAtmaka yugako mAnakara Ajakala bhI AcAryakRta karaNa-sUtroMke AdhArase sAriNI banAI jAye to paJcAMga AsAnIse bana sakatA hai / Adhunika pracalita paJcAMga prAyaH vedAGga-jyotiSake AdhArapara hai / parantu vedAGga-jyotiSa kI mUla bhittiko hI lekara bAdake ajaina RSiyoMne usameM bar3A sudhAra kiyA hai| isI prakAra jaina jyotiSake niyamoMse bhI yadi sAraNI banAnekA parizrama kiyA jAya to jaina jyotiSa bhI vikasita hokara mahattvapUrNa hI nahIM kintu samasta phalita, gaNita, siddhAnta-sambandhI jyotiSazAstrameM gaNamAnya sthAnako prApta ho jaayegaa| hamAre jaina jyotiSameM phalitake aneka grantha mahattvapUrNa hai| nimitta-zAstra jinakA phala bahuta ThIka ghaTatA hai aise aneka grantha jainiyoMke bhI maujUda haiM / kucha grantha nimitta-zAstra-sambandhI jaina siddhAnta-bhavana ArAmeM bhI maujUda haiN| inapara punaH samaya milanepara prakAza DAlA jAyagA / gati-vicAra __ AcArya ne sUrya-candramAkI gati prathama yojanAtmaka batalAI hai| phira usako kalAtmaka karanekI yukti bhI batalAI hai| isa prakArase AcAryane grahagaNitakI upayogitAke liye do tarahakI gati nikAlI hai| phira kramase pratidinake gatimAnake vRddhi-hAsako bhI batalAyA hai| unhoMne sUryakI 184 vIthI mAnI hai| pratidina sUrya apanI gatise eka vIthIko taya karatA hai-yaha yojanAtmaka gati hai aura jo gagana-khaNDa mAna kara sUryAdi grahoMkI gati 4040

Page #379
334 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna batalAI hai vaha kalAtmaka gati hai| isI prakAra ajaina jyotiSazAstrameM bhI sUryAdi grahoMkI gati do prakArako batalAI hai| eka yojanAtmaka dUsarI kalAtmaka / jyotiSa-zAstrake matase sUrya krAnti-vRtta meM calatA hai aura candramA vimaNDalameM / sUrya ke ghUmaneke mArgakA nAma ahorAtra vRtta hai| pratyeka dinakA ahorAtra vRtta alaga-alaga hotA hai| isa prakArase eka ayanameM 183 aura kucha adhika arthAt 184 ahorAtra vRtta hote haiN| ajaina jyotiSa-zAstra meM bhI 184 vIthI; ghaTita hotI haiN| kevala unhoMne usakA nAma vRtta rakkhA aura AcAryane vIthI parantu vIthI aura vRttakA artha paribhASAke anusAra eka hI hai| yahA~ para vRtta zabdase dIrghavRttAkAra liyA jAtA hai| yA yoM kahiye ki Dholakake AkArakA mArga vRtta zabdase liyA jAtA hai| saba grahoMkI kakSA dIrghavRttAkArakI lI jAtI hai| AcAryakI yahI yojanAtmaka gati ajaina jyotiSa-granthoM meM pAyI jAtI hai| jaise AcAryane gaganakhaNDa-rUpa gati batalA kara sUrya-nakSatra aura candra-nakSatrakI siddhikI hai usI prakArase Adhunika jyotiSake niyamoMse bhI sUrya-nakSatra aura candra-nakSatrakA mAna AtA hai / kyoMki siddhAnta-ziromaNike gaNitAdhyAyameM nakSatrAnayana prakaraNameM AcAryakI vyavasthA hI dRSTigata hotI hai sthUlaM kRtaM bhAnayanaM yadetajjyotirvidAM saMvyahArahetoH / sUkSma pravakSye'tha muni-praNItaM vivAhayAtrAdiphala-prasiddhye // adhyardha-bhogAni (1985/52) SaDatra tajjJAH procurvizAkhAditi bhadhruvANi / SaDabhogAni ca (395 / 17) bhogirudravAtAntakendrAdhipavAruNAni / / zeSANyataH paJcadazakabhogAnyukto bhabhogAH zazimadhyamuktiH (790 / 35) / isa prakArase cakra kalA mAnakara ajaina jyotiSameM kalAtmaka gatiko hI sUkSma batalAyA hai jo AcAryakI batalAI gayI gatise milatI hai| paridhi-vicAra paridhike Anayanake lie bhinna-bhinna AcAryoMke bhinna-bhinna mata haiM / parantu jisakI vAsanA yukti-yukta ho vahI sarvamAnya jAnanA cAhiye / trilokasArameM jo AcAryane paridhi lAnekA niyama batalAyA hai vaha sarvazreSTha hai kyoMki usakI vAsanA ThIka hai niyama-vikkhaMbha vaggadaha guNakaraNI vaTTassa parirayohodi / artha-vyAsake vargako 10 se guNA kara jo guNanaphala ho usakA vargamUla nikalAlanepara paridhikA mAna AtA hai| vAsanA-kisI bhI vRttakI paridhike ananta hisse kiye jAyeM aura usI mApake hisAbase vyAsake bhI Tukar3e kiye jAyeM to rUpa-vyAsameM paridhikA mAna /10 karaNI AyegA / yahA~para zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki paridhi to cApAkAra hotI hai aura vyAsa saralAkAra / phira ina donoMkA anupAta karake rUpa-vyAsameM/10 karaNIkA jJAna kaise kiyA ? isakA uttara yaha hai ki kisI bhI vRttakA 96 vA bhAga cApAkArako chor3akara saralAkAra ho jAtA hai / isa niyamako sabhI gaNitajJa svIkAra karate hai kyoMki uparyukta niyama mAnanese ho prathama jyAkA sAdhana kiyA jAtA hai, anyathA prathama jyAkA sAdhana nahIM ho sakatA / kyoMki prathama jyA prathama

Page #380
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 335 cApa-tulya mAnI jAtI hai / isaliye yaha nirvivAda siddha hai ki rUpavyAsameM V10 karaNI paridhikA mAna mAnA jAtA hai| aba iSTa paridhike liye iSTa vyAsase guNA kara deM to iSTa paridhi A jaayegii| parantu jaba iSTa vyAsako /10 se guNA kareMge to vyAsakA bhI varga ho jAyegA / kyoMki 'varga vargeNa guNayet' yaha niyama hai / isaliye yaha siddha huA ki vyAsake vargako 10 se guNA karake vargamUla nikAleM to paridhi aayegii| sUrya siddhAntameM bhI isI phalake anukUla niyama banAyA gayA hai-'vyAsavargato dazaguNAtpadaM bhUparidhiH" yaha niyama hai; parantu navIna AcAryoMne isakA pariSkAra dUsare rUpase kiyA hai / sudhAkara dvivedIjIkA mata hai ki "vyAsavargato'dazAtpadaM bhUparidhiH" isa prakArakA pariSkAra mAnanA cAhie aura vyAkhyAmeM bhI isa prakArakA parivartana kiyA hai ki "na dazenyadaza kiJcinnyUnA dazataiguNAtmakaM bhUparidhiH" isa prakAra kI vyAkhyA karate haiM / parantu yaha vyAkhyA ThIka nahIM hai / siddhAntatattvavivekake avalokanase mAlUma hotA hai ki usameM saMbhavataH AcAryakRta niyamakA hI anusaraNa kiyA gayA hai vyAsavargAddazaguNAtpadaM bhUparidhibhavet / vyAsaH syAt paridhervargAddigamattAcca pdNtvih|| isakI upapatti ke lie bhI yaha pramANa diyA hairudrAhatavyAsadalotthavRttAsotkramajyAvazataH krmjyaa| yA tatsamo'yaM paridhiH susUkSmo vyAsaikamAnAdazamUlarUpA / / vyAkhyA-rudrAhato yo vyAsastasya dalenotthaM tasmin, vyAsatulyA yA utkramajyA tadvazataH kramajyA'rdhajyA yA tatsama evAyaM sUkSmaparidhiH syAt / jaise yahA~para a gha ca vRttakSetra liyA jisakA ki kSetradarzana vyAsa a ca hai aura paridhi adha ca ka tathA utkramajyA a ga hai a '.. 114 vyAsa = a ca aura a ga = vyAsa (utkramajyA) , yahA~ para utkramajyA zabdase vyAsa jAnanA caahie| .:. ga ca-104 vyAsa / ataH a ga x ga ca = ka ga x ga gha (re0 3 adhyAya 34 ke) yadi vRttameM do pUrNa jyA saMpAta karatI hoM to ekake donoM khaNDoMkA guNanaphala dUsarIke donoM khaNDoMke guNanaphalake barAbara hotA hai| Upara kSetrameM a ca kendraga pUrNa jIvA hai aura yaha jovA ka gha akendraga pUrNa jIvApara lamba-rUpa hai tathA ga bindupara saMpAta bhI karatI hai| ... ka ga = ga gha (re0 3 a0 3 pra0) tayA a ca rekhAke na vindupara sama aura ga asama khaNDa haiN| yA .:.ga ca x a ga + na ga = na ca' (re0 2 a0 5 pra0) athavA a ga x ga ca + na ga' = na kreN|

Page #381
336 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna .:.naka = ka ga + na ga (re0 1 a0 47 pra0) aba yahA~para donoMmeM se na gare ko alaga kara diyA to ka ga = ga ca x a ga athavA ka ga - ka ga x ga gha .:. ka ga x ga gha = ga ca x a ga .:. ga ca 5 a ga = ka ge= vyAsa x 10 vyAsa = ka ge - vyAsa 410 isakA vargamUla paridhi hogaa| isa prakArase kamalAkarake sUtrakI vAsanA siddha hotI hai / parantu kamalAkara aura AcArya ke sUtrameM koI bhI bheda nahIM hai| donoMkA artha eka hai| isaliye saMbhavataH yaha siddha huA ki AcAryakA anusaraNa kamalAkara bhaTTane kiyA ho / kyoMki kamalAkarakA janma 1580 zakAbdameM huA hai; aura nemicandrAcArya inase bahuta pahale hue haiN| isalie saMbhavataH yaha mAnanA par3atA hai ki AcAryakI mAnyatAkA hI anukaraNa kalAkAra bhaTTane kiyA ho / Adhunika graha-gaNitakI upayogitAmeM bhI grahakakSAkI paridhi lAne ke lie isI niyamako AvazyakatA hotI hai / kyoMki sUkSma paridhi isI niyamase nikalatI hai tathA vRtta-kSetrakA gaNita bhI jyotiSa-zAstrameM bahuta Avazyaka hai / binA jyA-cApa aura paridhi gaNitake graha sphuTa nahIM ho sakate haiN| isaliye ho AcAryane paridhi-niyamako sUkSma batalAyA hai| yaha eka mahattvakA viSaya hai / isakI prazaMsA Adhunika aura prAcIna grahagaNitake jAnanevAle jyotirvidoMne kI hai / siddhAnta-ziromaNi golAghyAyameM bhAskarAcAryane pacAsoM zloka isakI prazaMsAmeM likha DAle haiM tathA Age jAkara bhU-paridhikA madhyama aura sphuTa mAna nikAlate samaya bhI isI niyamakA Azraya liyA hai / ata eva AcAryakRta paridhi lAnekA karaNa-sUtra bahuta hI upayogI hai / bANa-jyA-cApa-vicAra AcAryane bANa-jyA-cApa ke gaNita ko nikAlaneke liye kaI karaNa-sUtra batalAye haiM; jinakI vAsanA bhI yuktiyukta hai aura sUtroMmeM bhI lAghava kiyA hai / ata eva gaNita-jyotiSake viSayako jyA-cApa kA gaNita bahuta hI kaSTa karatA hai / gaNita-zAstrameM jo niyama lAghavakA ho vahI mahattvapUrNa samajhA jAtA hai; isaliye AcAryakRta jyA-cApa-bANakA gaNita bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai| lIlAvatI, bIjasiddhAnta AdimeM itane lAghava-pUrNa evaM sUkSma viSayako pratipAdana karanevAle sUtra nahIM mila sakate haiN| udAharaNake liye ekAdha namUnA pAThakoMke sAmane rakhatA huuN| bANa nikAlaneke liye AcAryakA sUtra : jIvAvikkhaMbhANaM vaggavisesassa hodi jammUlam / taM vikkhaMbhA sohaya sesaddhamisuM vijANAhi // artha-jIvAke vargako vRttake vyAsake vargamase ghaTA kara jo zeSa rahe usakA vargamUla jo Ave usameMse vyAsako ghaTA deveM to zeSakA AdhA karanese bANa AjAyegA / lIlAvatIkA bANa lAnekA sUtra jyAvyAsayogAntaraghAtamUlaM vyAsastadUno dalitaH zaraH syAt / / artha-jyA aura vyAsako yoga aura antara karake donoMkA ApasameM guNA kara le; phira usakA varga-mUla nikAleM bAda usameM se vyAsa ghaTA dene aura zeSako AdhA kara dene para bANa bAjAyegA / aba vicAra kIjiyegA ki isa sUtrake gaNitameM kitanA gaurava hai; kyoMki yoga aura antara pRthaka-pRthak karake phira guNA kareM taba guNanaphala vargAntara-tulya hogaa| kintu AcAryane

Page #382
jyotiSa evaM gaNita sIdhA vargAntara hI batalAyA hai| ata eva jisameM thor3I kriyA ho vaha lAghava aura jisameM jyAdA ho vaha gaurava kahA jAtA hai| isase Acarya kI kitanI gaNitajJatA prakaTa hotI hai isa bAtako gaNitazAstrake jAnakAra ho samajha sakate haiN| AcArya kRta sUtra kI vAsanA nimna prakArase siddha hotI hai| yahA~ para jyA zabdase pUrNa jyA hI jAnanA cAhiye / kalpanA kI ki a ka jyAke vRttakendra / ga pa=za raza, ga-dha vRttavyAsa vyA0 / - a aba kSetramitike niyamase ke ake2 - aya-(ake + apa) (ake - apa) isako 4 se guNA kiyA aura 4 se hI bhAga diyA taba =4x (ake + apa) (ake - apa) . / vA (2 ake x 2 apa) (2 ake - 2 apa) (vyA + jyA) (vyA - jyA) vyA - jyA' = kyoMki 4 yogAntara ghAta vargAntara-tulya hotA hai / isakA vargamUla liyA to ke pa-ma . gapa-kega - kepa-3vyA = - vyA-bhU = za isa prakArase AcAryakA sUtra niSpanna ho gyaa| jIvA-cApakA gaNita bhI AcAryakA mahattvapUrNa hai bhAskarAcArya jo ki gaNita-zAstrake advitIya jJAtA mAne jAte haiM unhoMne bhI sthUla jIvAko hI nikAlA hai| jaise-lIlAvatImeM likhA hai ki "sthUlajIvAjJAnArthamAha"-'cAponanighnaparidhiH prthmaahvysyaadityaadi'| kintu AcAryane sUkSmatA batalAneke liye karaNI-dvArA jIvA tathA cApako nikAlaneke liye karaNasUtra batalAye haiM / jo gaNita karaNIse nikAlA jAtA hai vaha bahuta hI sUkSma AtA hai / AcAryakRta karaNa sUtroM kI sUkSmatAko puSTa karaneke liye kevala vAsanA ho pramANarUpa hai, jo ki sarvathA gaNitazAstrake mAnya hai| brahma-siddhAnta jo ki gaNita-jyotiSa meM bahuta prAcIna mAnA jAtA hai, usakI jIvAnayana-kriyA bhAskarAcAryase bhI sthUla hai; kyoMki usakI vAsanA svalpAntarase hI siddha hotI hai tathA bhAskara-vApanAmeM bhI svalpAntarakI AzyakatA par3atI hai / parantu AcAryakRta karaNa-sUtrakI vAsanAmeM svalpAntarako AvazyakatA nahIM par3atI hai / ata eva AcAryakRta jyA-cApakA gaNita sarvazreSTha hai / isa gaNitakI jyotiSazAstrameM bahuta hI AvazyakatA par3atI hai / ajaina jyotiSameM grahoMkI kakSA dIrghavRttAkAra hai, aura calanekA mArga bhI vRttAkAra hai; isaliye madhya grahako mandasphuTa athavA sphuTa banAnemeM jIvA-tulya saMskAra karanA par3atA hai, isaliye grahaNa Adiko siddha karane ke liye jIvAcApake gaNitakI nitAnta AvazyakatA hotI hai / jaina jyotiSa meM bhI jIvA-cApake gaNitakI atyAvazyakatA hai, kyoMki pratyeka vIpIke vinA jIvA-cApakA jJAna kiye grahoMkI gatikA jJAna nahIM ho sakatA hai| ata eva jIvA-cApakA gaNita jyotiSazAstrase sambandha rakhatA hai / isa prakArase AcAryane jyotiSa zAstra para prakAza DAlA

Page #383
338 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna hai / vedAGga-jyotiSakI mAnyatA aura AcAryako mAnyatAmeM bahuta kama antara hai / vedAGgajmotiSase jJAta hotA hai ki zraviSThA (ghaniSTha) nakSatrake Adise sUryakA uttarAyaNa aura azleSAke ardhase dakSiNAyana hotA hai| yaha uttara aura dakSiNa gatikA samaya mAgha aura zrAvaNa mAsameM hotA hai| uttarAyaNa aura dakSiNAyanameM dinakI bar3hatI aura ghaTatI eka prastha jala ke barAbara mAnI gaI hai / ukta donoM ayanoMmeM dina-rAtrike mAnameM 6 muhUrttakA bheda par3atA hai| ghaniSThAke AdimeM vatsarArambha mAnA gayA hai| isake pUrvakAlameM kabhI vAsaMta viSuvaddinase kabhI sUryake uttarAyaNake antase varSAraMbha ginA jAtA thaa| kintu Ajakala amAvasyAse liyA jAtA hai / taittirIya saMhitAke samayameM varSAraMbha mAghI pUrNAse hotA thaa| parantu vedAGga-jyotiSameM amAse mAnA gayA hai / vedAGga-jyotiSake niyamase paJcavarSIya yuga mAnakara paJcAGgako mAnyatA bhAratavarSameM bahuta samaya taka rahI hai / zakakI pAMcavIM zatAbdImeM varAhamihirane paJcAGgakI saMskRtimeM parivartana kara diyA, kintu ayana-pravRtti tathA saura varSa aura cAndra varSake mAnako vedAGga jyotiSake anusAra hI rkkhaa| apanI vRhatsaMhitAmeM ayana-pravRtti likhate hue varAhamihirane likhA hai : AzleSAdikSiNamuttaramayanaM raverdhaniSThArddham / nUnaM kadAcidAsIyenoktaM pUrvazAstreSu // isa AryAse jJAta hotA hai ki 'pUrvazAstreSu' se vedAGga-jyotiSakA smaraNa kiyA hai / pArAzarataMtra jo ki bhAratIya jyotiSa-zAstrameM bahuta prAcIna mAnA jAtA hai, usakI mAnyatA bhI paJcavarSIya yugako lekara ayana, nakSatra, tithi, parva, viSapa, dina tathA cakrakalA mAnakara nakSatrabhukti Adiko mAnyatA AcAryake hI anurUpa hai / pUvalikhita prAcIna bhAratIya jyotiSa kI mAnyatAse mAlUma hotA hai ki AcAryakI mAnyatA prAyaH milatI-julatI hai kevala uttarAyaNa aura dakSiNAyanakI nakSatra-mAnyatAmeM hI bheda hai| kyoMki AcAryane abhijit nakSatrase dakSiNAyana aura hasta nakSatra se uttarAyaNako mAnA hai / zeSa dina-rAtrikA vRddhi-hrAsa aura nakSatra, parva, dina Adi vyavasthA pArAzara-taMtra, Arya-yotiSa, atharva-jyoti, vedAGga-jyotiSa Adi suprAcIna pranthoMse prAyaH milatI hai| kintu gaNita-viSayakA pratipAdana AcAryakA ina granthoMse bhI sUkSma evaM mahattvapUrNa hai / yadi vedAGga-jyotiSake sUtroMke anusAra trilokasArameM 45 gAthA jo gaNitajyotiSa zAstrase sambandha rakhatI haiM, sudhAra ho jAye to usase adhika mahattvapUrNa ho sakatA hai / kyoMki vedAGga-jyotiSameM kevala 36 hI kArikAyeM haiN| unakI hI mUlabhittise Adhunika jyotiSazAstra isa rUpameM hai / isa prakArase nemicandrAcAryakA jyotiSa zAstrase bahuta hI sambandha aura Apa gaNitajyotiSake eka acche vidvAn the isameM jarA bhI sandeha nahIM hai|

Page #384
jainAcArya RSipatra aura unakA jyotiSa zAstrako yogadAna jainAcArya RSiputra jyotiSake prakANDa vidvAn the / inake vaMzAdikA samyak paricaya nahIM milatA hai, para Catalogus Catalagorum meM inake sambandhameM batAyA gayA hai ki "This is Kraushtuki, The son of Garga." isase spaSTa hai ki yaha jainAcArya gargake putra the| jainAcArya garga jyotizAstrake prakANDa vidvAn the| paTanA khudAbakhzakhAM pablika lAibrerImeM mujhe vahA~ inhIM gargAcAryakA eka jyotiSa-grantha "pAzakevalI" nAmakA milA hai / yadyapi yaha grantha atyanta azuddha hai, para isase jaina jyotiSa para paryApta prakAza par3atA hai / usake antameM likhA hai ki "jaina AsIjjagadvaMdyo garganAmA mahAmuniH / tena svayaM nirNIteyaM satpAzAtrakevalI // etajjJAnaM mahAjJAnaM jainarSibhirudAhRtam / prakAzya zuddhazIlAya kulInAya mahAtmanA / zanI guhalikAM dattvA pUjApUrvakamaghavAkumArI bhavyAsthAsane sthApayitvA pAzako DhAlApyate pazcAcchubhAzubhaM bravIti-iti garganAmAmaharSiviracitaH pAzakevalI sampUrNaH // " ina paMktiyoMse spaSTa hai ki gargAcArya jyotiSazAstrake bar3e bhArI vidvAn the, isaliye bahuta kucha saMbhava hai ki inhIMke vaMzameM AcArya RSiputra bhI hue hoN| lekina nizcita pramANake abhAvameM unake vaMzakA nirNaya karanA jarA Ter3hI khIra hai| jainetara jyotiSa-grantha, vArAhIsaMhitA aura adbhutasAgarameM inake jo vacana uddhRta kiye gaye haiM, unase inakI jyotiSa sambandhI vidvattA aura samaya nirNaya para paryApta prakAza par3atA hai / jyotiSazAstrake vibhinna aGgoMmeMse AcArya RSiputrane nimittazAstra-zakunazAstra aura saMhitAzAstra-grahoMkI sthiti dvArA bhUta, bhaviSya aura vartamAnakAlIna phala, bhUzodhana, dikzodhana, zalyoDhAra, melApaka, AyAdyAnayana, gRhopakaraNa, gRhapraveza, ulkApAta, gandharvanagara evaM grahoMke udayAstakA phala Adi bAtoMke pratipAdaka zAstrakA praNayana kiyA hai| Catalogus Catalagorum meM inakI eka saMhitAkA bhI ullekha hai| usameM batAyA hai ki "RSiputra saMhitA-quoted in Madanaratna." arthAt madanaratna nAmaka granthameM RSiputra saMhitAkA ullekha hai, para Aja vaha grantha upalabdha nahIM hai| jaina-sidvAnta-bhavana ArAmeM kaI saMskRta graMthoMke sUcIpatra (Catalogues) haiM, unameM kisI bhI RSiputra saMhitAkA nAma nahIM hai, isase mAlUma par3atA hai ki vaha amUlya nidhi naSTaprAya hai / bhAratIya jyotiSazAstrake itihAsapa' dRSTipAta karanese mAlUma hogA ki zakunazAstra aura saMhitAzAstrakA pracAra IsvI sanko 1 vIM zatAbdI aura 11 vIM zatAbdIke madhyameM

Page #385
340 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna vizeSarUpase huA hai| isa kAlameM svatantra grantha to likhe hI gaye para ukta viSayake kaI saMgraha graMtha tathA bhASya bhI likhe gaye; jinameM Aja kevala do-cAra hI upalabdha haiN| AcArya RSiputrake anyatra upalabdha uddharaNoMse patA calatA hai ki inake bhI uparyukta viSayoMke kaI grantha the; lekina abhI taka inakA eka nimittazAstra hI upalabdha huA hai, jisakA prakAzana evaM sampAdana paM0 vardhamAna zAstrI zolApurane kiyA hai| vArAhI-saMhitA aura adbhutasAgarameM prApta inake vipula uddharaNoMse spaSTa hai ki inhoMne saMskRta aura prAkRta donoM hI bhASAoM meM grantha racanA kI hai| jainAcArya RSiputrake mahattvapUrNa uddharaNa bRhaspatisaMhitAkI bhaTTotpalI TIkA hai aura bhaTTotpalane bRhajjAtakakI TIkAmeM apane sambandhameM batAyA hai ki "phAlgunasya dvitIyAyAmasitAyAM gurodine / vasvaSTASTamite zAke kRteyaM vivRttirmayA / " arthAt zaka 888 meM bRhajjAtakakI TIkA racI hai, tathA bRhatsaMhitAko TIkA isase bhI pahale banAI gaI hai / saMhitAkI TIkA inhoMne AryabhaTa, kaNAda, kAzyapa, kapila, garga, parAzara, balabhadra, RSiputra, bhadrabAhu Adi kaI jainAjaina AcAryoMke vacana uddhRta kiye haiM. isa TIkAse spaSTa mAlUma par3atA hai ki bhaTTotpalane apane pUrvavartI prAyaH sabhI saMhitAkAroMkI racanAoMkA adhyayana kara ukta TIkA likhI hai| AcArya RSiputrake vacana rAhucArake pratipAdanameM nimna prakAra uddhRta kiye gaye haiM yAvato'zAn grasitvendorudayatyastameti vaa| tAvato'zAn pRthivyAstu tama eva vinAzayet / / udaye'stamaye vApi sUryasya grahaNaM bhavet / tadAnRpabhayaM vidyAt paracakrasya cAgamam // ciraM gRhNAti momAkoM sarva vA asate ydaa| hanyAt sphItAn janapadAn variSThAMzca janAdhipAn // graMSmeNa tatra jIvanti narAznAmbuphalena vaa| bhayadubhikSarogaizca sampIDyante prjaastthaa| *-savi0 bR0 pR0 134-135 uparyukta padya AcArya RSiputrake nAmase adbhutasAgarake 'rAhoraddhRtavArtaH' nAmaka adhyAyameM "atha ciragrAsasarvagrAsayoH phalam tatra RSiputraH" isa prakAra likhakara do sthAnoMmeM. uddhRta kiye gaye haiN| ina zlokoMmeM "zasyairna tatra jIvanti narA mUlaphalodakaiH" itanA aura adhika pATha milatA hai| inhIM padyoM se milatA-julatA varNana inake "prAkRta nimitta-zAstra" meM hai; para vahA~kI gAthAe~ chAyA nahIM hai| astu, uparyukta kathanase itanA spaSTa hai ki AcArya RSiputra bhaTTotpalake pUrva arthAt zaka saM0 888 ke pahale vidyamAna the aura zaka saM0 kI 8voM tathA 9vIM zatAbdImeM inakI racanAe~ atyanta lokAdRta thIM / sarvatra unakA pracAra thaa| isakA eka sabala pramANa yaha bhI hai ki zaka saM0 1082 meM rAjagaddI pAnevAle mithilAdhipati mahArAja lakSmaNasenake putra mahArAja ballAlasena dvArA zaka saM0 1090 meM saMgrahIta adbhutasAgarameM varAha, vRddhagarga, devala, yavanezvara, mayUracitra, rAjaputra, RSiputra, brahmagupta, balabhadra, puliza,

Page #386
341 jyotiSa evaM gaNita viSNucandra, prabhAkara' Adi aneka AcAryoMke vacana saMgrahota hai| ata: yaha nirvivAda siddha hai ki AcArya RSiputrakA samaya zaka saM0 kI 9 vIM zatAbdIke pahale hai; para vicAraNIya bAta yaha hai ki kitanA pahale mAnA jAya / - AcArya RSiputrake samaya nirNayameM bhAratIya jyotiSazAstrake saMhitA sambandhI itihAsase bahuta sahAyatA milatI hai, kyoMki yaha paramparA zaka saM0 400 se vikasita rUpa meM hai / varAhamihirane, jinakA samaya lagabhaga zaka saM0 427 ke mAnA jAtA hai, bRhajjAtakake 26 veM adhyAyake 5 veM padyameM kahA hai ki-"munimatAnyavalokya samyagdhorAM varAhamihiro rucirAM cakAra / " isase spaSTa hai ki varAhamihirake pUrva saMhitA aura horA sambandhI paramparA vartamAna thii| isIliye unhoMne bRhajjAtakameM maya, yavana, viSNugupta, devasvAmI2, siddhasena', jIvazarmA, satyAcArya Adi kaI maharSiyoMke vacanoMkA khaNDana kiyA hai| saMhitAzAstrakI praur3ha racanAe~ yahIMse Arambha huI haiM / varAhamihirake bAda kalyANavarmAne zaka saM0 500 ke Asa-pAsa sArAvalI nAmaka horA grantha banAyA; jisameM inhoMne varAhamihirake samAna aneka AcAryoMke nAmollekhake sAtha kanakAcArya aura devakItirAjakA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| saMhitA saMbaMdhI aneka bAteM sArAvalImeM pAI jAtI haiN| isa kAla meM aneka jaina aura jainetara AcAryone saMhitA zAstrakI praur3ha racanAe~ svatantra rUpameM kI haiN| ina racanAoMkI paraspara tulanA karanepara pratIta hogA ki inameM ekakA dUsare para bar3A bhArI prabhAva hai / udAharaNake liye garga, varAhamihira aura RSiputrake eka-eka padya nIce uddhRta kiye jAte haiM: zazazoNitavarNAbho yadA bhavati bhAskaraH tadA bhavanti saMgrAmA, ghorA rudhirkrdmaaH|| -garga zazarudhiranibhe bhAno nabhaHsthale bhavanti saMgrAmAH / -varAhamihira sasalohivaNNahovari saMkuNa itti hoi nnaayvvo| saMgAmaM puNa ghoraM khaggaM sUro NivedeI // -RSiputra isI prakAra candramAse pratipAdita phalameM bhI bahuta sthaloMmeM samAnatA milatI hai| RSiputrake nimitta zAstrakA candraprakaraNa saMhitAke candrAcAra adhyAyase lagabhaga milatA julatA hai| isa prakArake phala pratipAdanakI prakriyA zaka saM0 kI 5-6vIM zatAbdImeM pracalita thii| vRddhagargake nimna padya nimittazAstrakI nimna gAthAoMse ekadama milate haiM 1. yaha pratiSThAkalpake racayitA prabhAkara deva mAlUma par3ate haiM / 2. yaha AcArya jaina mAlUma par3ate haiN| mujhe sandeha hai ki yaha prasiddha devasena svAmI hI to nahIM haiM ? 3. yaha AcArya namaskAra mAhAtmyake racayitA mAlUma par3ate haiM /

Page #387
342 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna kRSNe zarIre somasya zUdrANAM vadhamAdizet / pIte zarIre somasya vaizyAnAM vadhamAdizet // rakte zarIre somasya gajJAM ca vadhamAdizet / -vRddhagarga, vippANaM dei bhayaM vAhiraNNo tahA NivedeI / polo khattiyaNAsaM dhUsaravaNNo ya vayasAnaM // 38 // kiMNNo sudda viNAso cittalavaNoya havai pyiiuu| dahikhIrasaMkhavaNNo savvamhiya pAdihado caMdo // 39 / / -RSiputra upayukta tulanAtmaka vivecanakA tAtparya yahI hai ki saMhitAkAlakI prAyaH sabhI racanAe~ milatI julatI haiM / isa kAlake lekhakoMne navIna bAteM bahuta thor3I kahI haiM / tathA phala pratipAdanako praNAlI bhI gaNitapara Azrita nahIM hai, kevala grahoMke bAhya nimittoMko dekhakara phala batAyA gayA hai| isa kAlameM bhauma, divya, aura antarikSa, ina tIna prakArake nimittoMkA vizeSa rUpase varNana kiyA hai / yathAdivyAntarikSa bhaumaM tu trividhaM parikIrtitam / -adbhutasAgara, pR0 6 varAhIsaMhitAmeM ina tInoM nimittoMke sambandhameM likhA hai ki "bhImaM cirasthirabhavaM tacchAntibhirAhataM zamamupaiti / nAbhasamupaiti mRdutAM rakSati na divyaM vadantyeke / " isI prakAra AcArya RSiputrane "je diTThabhuvirasaraNa je diTThA kuhameNakattANaM / sadasaMkulena diTThA vaUsaTThiya aiNa NANadhiyA ||"-ityaadi varNana kiyA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki saMhitAkAlako isa prakArakI racanAoMkA samaya IsvI san kI 5 vIM aura 6 vIM zatAbdI hai, kyoMki isa kAlakA saMhitAkA viSaya jyotiSa-zAstrakI marmajJatAko dRSTise avikasita rUpameM hai / hAM, varAhamihirakI racanAe~ avazya parimArjita haiN| varAhamihirase pahalekI racanAeM saMkSipta sUtrarUpameM likhI gaI thIM, para 7 vIM zatAbdIse ina granthoM para TIkAe~ likhanA Arambha huA hai tathA isa viSaya ko vistRta racanAe~ bhI prArambha huI hai| ataH RSiputrakA samaya saMhitAkAlako zatAbdiyoMmeM hai / inakI racanAko saMkSiptatAko dekhakara anumAna hotA hai ki inakA samaya varAhamihirase pUrva honA caahiye| ___ AcArya RSiputrake nAmase adbhutasAgarameM jo nimna zloka Aye haiM, unase inake samaya nirNaya para aura bhI adhika prakAza par3atA hai gargaziSyA yathA prAhustathA vakSyAmyataH param / bhaumabhArgavarAhvarkaketavo yAyino grhaaH| AkrandasAriNAmindurye zeSA nAgarAstu te| gurusaurabudhAneva nAgarAnAha devalaH / / parAn dhUmena sahitAn rAhubhArgavalohitAn /

Page #388
jyotiSa evaM gaNita ina padyoMmeM gargaziSya aura devala do vyaktiyoMke nAmoMkA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ gargaziSyase AcAryako kauna abhipreta hai ? yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA, para dvitIya vyakti devalakI racanAoMko dekhanese pratIta hotA hai ki yaha varAhamihirase pUrvavartI hai| kyoMki adbhutasAgarake prArambhameM jyotiSake nirmAtA AcAryoMko nAmAvalI kAlakramake hisAbase dI gaI pratIta hotI hai / isameM vRddhagarga, garga, pArAzara, vaziSTha bRhaspati, sUrya, bAdarAyaNa, pIlukArya, nRpaputra, devala, kAzyapa, nArada, yavana, varAhamihira, vasantarAja Adi AcAryoMke nAma diye gaye haiM / isase dhvanita hotA hai ki AcArya RSiputra devalake pazcAt aura varAhamihira ke pUrvavartI haiM / donoMkI racanA paddhatise bhI yaha bheda prakaTa hotA hai| kyoMki viSaya pratipAdana kI jitanI gambhIratA varAhamihirameM pAI jAtI hai, utanI unake pUrvavartI AcAryoM meM nhiiN| yadi Catalogus Catalagorum ke anusAra AcArya RSiputrake pitA jainAcArya garga mAna liye jAya~ taba to unakA yaha samaya nirvivAda siddha ho jAtA hai; kyoMki gargAcArya varAhamihirase bahuta pUrva hue haiM / vaMza paricaya yadyapi prAmANika sUtroMse AcArya RSiputrake vaMzake sambandhameM kucha bhI nahIM jJAta hai. para yatra-tatra upalabdha inake uddharaNa tathA inakI samaya sambandhI jyotiSa paramparAke AdhArapara vaMzake sambandhameM kucha vicAra kiyA jaaygaa| jaina-ajaina sabhI sampradAyoMmeM 5vIM 6vIM zatImeM saMhitA viSayaka racanAe~ huI; ye sabhI racanAe~ kAzyapa, vatsa aura vaziSTha gotrIya brAhmaNoMke dvArA huI haiM / RSiputrakA saMhitAkAroMmeM agraNIya sthAna haiM, isI kAraNa inake uttaravartI saMhitAkAroMne inake vacanoMko uddhRta kiyA hai, ataeva RSiputrako uparyukta tIna gotroM se kisI eka gotrakA brAhmaNa mAnanA cAhiye / RSiputra vAstava meM gargake ziSya the, kyoMki adbhatasAgarameM inakA ullekha gargaziSyake nAmase AyA hai / ho sakatA hai ki yaha AcArya gargake putra aura ziSya donoM hI hoN| gargAcAryako pAzAkevalImeM jyotiSakA dhurandhara vidvAn, nimittajJa kahA gayA hai,' sAtha hI inheM jainamuni bhI batAyA hai| ataeva RSiputrako inake AzIrvAdase utpanna, vidyAziSya mAnanA adhika yukti saMgata jaMcatA hai| inakA RSiputra nAma bhI isa bAtakA sAkSI hai ki yaha kisI munike AzIrvAdase utpanna hue the| kyoMki prAcInakAlameM yaha paripATI thI ki jo santAna kisI deva yA devIkI upAsanAse yA kisI muni-RSike AzIrvAda se utpanna hotI thI. usakA nAma prAyaH devaputra, RSiputra yA aisA hI kucha rakhA jAtA thaa| RSiputrake upalabdha nimittazAstrameM prazasti kucha bhI nahIM hai, parantu granthArambhameM apanA nAma likhakara grantha 1. jaina AsIjjagadvaMdyo garganAmA mahAmuniH, tena svayaM nirmitaM yaM satpAzAtrakevalI ? etajjJAnaM mahAjJAnaM jainarSibhirudAhRtam, prakAzya zuddhazIlAya kulInAya mahAtmanA / / -pAzAkevalI, pR01 iti garganAmA maharSiviracitaH pAza kevalIsampUrNaH

Page #389
34 . bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna racanA kI pratijJA kI hai| isa pratijJAmeM yaha bhI batAyA gayA hai ki cAraNa muniyoM ne jaisA dekhA aura apane divya jJAna dvArA jaisA zubhAzubhoMkA varNana kiyA hai, maiM bhI vaisA hI varNana karatA hU~ / itanA nizcaya hai ki gargAcAryase inakA sambandha avazya thA / vArAhI saMhitAmeM garga nAmake do vyaktiyoMke ullekha hai| vahA~ ekako vRddha garga aura dUsareko garga kahA hai| viSaya aura racanA zailIse dUsare garga ho jaina muni pratIta hote haiM, inhIMse RSiputrakA sambandha guru yA pitAkA rahA hai| AcAya RSiputrakA jyotiSa-jJAna AcArya RSiputra phalita jyotiSake vidvAn the, gaNita sambandhI inakI eka bhI racanAkA patA aba taka nahIM lagA hai tathA inako upalabdha racanAoMse bhI inakI gaNita viSayaka vidvattA kA patA nahIM calatA hai| inhoMne triskandhAtmaka jyotiSase kevala saMhitA viSayake Upara hI racanAe~ kI hai| prArambhika racanAeM honeke kAraNa viSayako gambhIratA nahIM hai, para to bhI sUtrarUpameM saMhitAke sabhI viSayoMkA pratipAdana kiyA hai / zakunazAstra ke bhI ye nirmAtA haiM, inhoMne apane nimittazAstrameM pRthvI para dikhAI denevAle, AkAzameM dRSTigocara honevAle aura vibhinna prakArake zabda sunAI par3ane vAle, ina tIna prakArake nimittoM dvArA phalAphalakA acchA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / RSiputrane AkAza sambandhI nimittoMko batalAte hue likhA hai ki "sUrodaya acchamaNe caMdamasarikkhAmagahacariyaM / taM pacchiyaM NimittaM savyaM AesiMha kuNahaM / / " arthAt sUryodayake pahale aura sUryAstake pIche candramA, nakSatra aura tArAboMke mArgako dekhakara phala kahanA cAhiye / varSotpAta, devotpAta, rAjotpAta, ulkotpAta, gandharvotpAta ityAdi aneka utpAtoMke zubhAzubhatvakA bar3A sundara varNana kiyA hai / AcArya RSiputrake nimittazAstrameM sabase bar3A mahattvapUrNa viSaya 'meghayoga' kA hai| isa prakaraNameM nakSatrAnusAra varSAke phalakA acchA vivecana kiyA hai / AcArya likhate haiM ki prathama vRSTi kRtikA nakSatrameM ho to anAjakI hAni, rohiNI meM ho to dezakI hAni, mRgazirAmeM ho to subhikSa, ArdrAmeM ho to khaNDavRSTi, punarvasumeM ho to eka mAha vRSTi, puSyameM ho to zreSTha varSA, AzleSAmeM ho to anna hAni, maghA aura pUrvAphAlgunI meM ho to subhikSa, uttarAphAlgunI aura hastameM ho to subhikSa aura sarvatra prasannatA, vizAkhA aura anurAdhAmeM ho to atyadhika varSA, jyeSThAmeM ho to varSAko kamI, mUlameM ho to paryApta varSA, pUrvASAr3hA, uttarASAr3hA aura zravaNameM ho to acchI varSA, dhaniSThA, zatabhiSA, pUrvAbhAdrapada aura uttarAbhAdrapadameM ho to adhika vRSTi aura subhikSa evaM revatI, azvinI aura bharaNImeM ho to paryApta vRSTi ke sAtha anna bhAva zreSTha rahatA hai aura prajA saba tarahase sukha prApta karatI hai / vArAhI-saMhitAkI bhaTTotpalI TIkAke uddharaNameM saptamastha guru, zukrake phalakA pratipAdana RSiputrakA bar3A mahattvapUrNa hai, kyoMki vahA~ guru, zukrakI ubhaya dRSTise phala batalAyA gayA hai / isase unake asAdhAraNa jyotiSa jJAnakA anumAna sahajameM hI kiyA jA sakatA hai| inheM sUryagrahaNa aura candragrahaNakA bhI jJAna thA, para inhoMne sirpha unakA phala hI batalAyA hai| isa prakAra jyotiSa zAstrako samujjvala samRddha karanemeM AcArya RSiputrakA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna hai| 1. jo cAraNeNa diTThA aNaM do sAyasahammaNANeNa / jo pAhuNeNa bhaNiyA taM khalu tiviheNa voccAmi //

Page #390
mahAn jyotirvid zrIdharAcArya kAzI vidyApIThase prakAzita abhinandana graMtha meM vidvadvara zrIbaladeva mizrakA eka nibandha gaNitajJa zrIdharAcArya ke sambandhameM prakAzita hai, jisameM inhoMne ukta AcAryako jainetara uttara bhAratakA nivAsI batalAyA hai / lekina zrIdharAcAryakI prApta racanAoM evaM unake sambandhameM upalabdha ullekhoMse spaSTa siddha hotA hai ki yaha AcArya dakSiNa karNATaka nivAsI jaina matAnuyAyI the / inakA prasiddha gaNitakA grantha gaNitasAra yA trizatikA hai, jisakA sampAdana mahAmahopAdhyAya paM0 sudhAkara dvivedIne kiyA hai / kucha dina pahale bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzIkI karNATaka zAkhA mUDabidrIkI orase karNATaka prAntake jaina granthAlayoMke hastalikhita granthoMkI savivaraNa grantha sUcI taiyAra kI gaI thI / isI anveSaNameM aneka saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza evaM kannar3ake aprakAzita jaina grantha dRSTimeM Aye / inhIM granthoM meM kannar3a lipimeM likhita zrIdharAcArya ke gaNitasAra yA trizatikAkI bhI eka purAnI prati milI hai / isa prati meM 451 tAr3apatra haiM, prati patrameM 6 paMktiyAM aura prati paMkti meM 85 akSara haiM / isa pratiko dekhanese mAlUma hotA hai ki prastuta gaNitasAra yA trizatikA kA maMgalAcaraNa mudrita pratimeM badala kara chApA gayA hai / - prApta huI hastalikhita pratikA maMgalAcaraNa nimna prakAra hainatvA jinaM svaviracitapATyA gaNitasya sAramuddhRtya / lokavyavahArAya pravakSyati zrIdharAcAryaH // mudrita pratikA maMgalAcaraNa natvA zivaM svaviracitapATyA gaNitasya sAramuddhRtya / lokavyavahArAya pravakSyati zrIdharAcAryaH // uparyukta maMgalazloka meM 'jina' ke sthAnapara 'ziva' likhA gayA hai| yaha maMgalAcaraNa badalane kI prathA kevala isI grantha taka sImita nahIM hai, kintu aura bhI kaI lokopayoga jaina jyotiSa evaM Ayurveda granthoMmeM milatI hai / kyoMki jyotiSa aura Ayurveda ye donoM viSaya sarva sAdhAraNa ke liye eka sarIkhe hI haiM; isaliye kisI mata yA sampradAya meM do-eka bAtoMko chor3a anya bAtoMmeM samAnatA hI pAyI jAtI hai / mAnasAgarI jisakA ki jyotirvidoM kI maNDalImeM khUba pracAra hai, jaina grantha hai aisI koI bAta nahIM hai ki upayogI jyotiSa yA vaidyakake jaina granthoMko jainetaroMne apanAnese iMkAra kiyA ho; balki anveSaNa karanepara pramANa milate haiM ki aneka jyotiSake granthoMkA paThana-pAThana sarva sAdhAraNameM binA kisI bheda-bhAva ke pracalita thA / mAnasAgarIke jaina honeko usake vidvAn, udAracetA sampAdakane bhUmikAmeM svayaM svIkAra kiyA hai / 1. dekheM - jaina siddhAnta - bhAskara bhAga 12, kiraNa 2, 10113 // r

Page #391
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna "evaM mAnasAgarI nAmnA sArthakagraMthanAmakalpanayA 'mAnasAgara' nAmnA kenApi vyaracIti vaktuM zakyate, yaH ko'pi karttA bhavatu, jainamatAvalambinA'vazyaM bhavitavyam, bahutra 'zrI AdinAtha pramukhA jinezAH sa ca jinaprasAdAddIrghAyurbhavatu, ityAdi jinastutilekhasasvAt" / 346 ataH spaSTa hai ki prAcIna kAlameM laukika jaina granthoMkA pracAra sarvasAdhAraNa meM thA; jisase kucha saMkIrNa vicAra vAloMne katipaya jaina granthoMko maMgalAcaraNa badala kara apane meM milA liyA / zrIdharAcAryakI anya jyotiSaviSayaka upalabdha racanAoM meM tIna grantha haiM - eka jyotirjJAnavidhi yA zrIkaraNa, dUsarA kannar3a bhASA meM likhita jAtaka tilaka yA horAzAstra aura tIsarA isI bhASAmeM likhita lIlAvatI nAmaka grantha hai / jAtakatilaka ke sambandha meM karNATaka bhASA ke marmajJa vidvAnoMkA kathana hai ki yaha grantha jyotiSakA mahattvapUrNa hai / zrI hIrAlAla kApar3iyAne gaNitatilakakI aMgrejI bhUmikA meM jaina gaNita aura jyotiSakA varNana karate hue isa grantha' ke sambandha meM batAyA hai-- Besides these works in Prakrit and Sanskrit there are some works of Jaina authorship, written in Kanarese language, for instance Sridharacarya has composed in verses Jatakatilaka, a work of an astrological nature. ina paMktiyoMse spaSTa hai ki jAtakatilaka jainAcArya zrIdharakA eka mahattvapUrNa jyotiSakA grantha hai | jyotirjJAnavidhikI eka adhUrI prati mUDabidrIke jaina zAstrAgArase pratilipi karAke zrI jaina siddhAnta bhavana ArAmeM ma~gAI gaI hai / isa granthake kevala dasa prakaraNa upalabdha haiM - saMjJAdhikAra, tithyadhikAra, saMkrAnti-RtvahorAtripramANAdhikAra, grahanilayAdhikAra, grahayuddhAdhikAra, grahaNAdhikAra, lagnAdhikAra, gaNitAdhikAra evaM muhUrttAdhikAra | isakA maMgalAcaraNa nimna prakAra hai praNipatya vardhamAnaM sphuTakevaladRSTatatvamIzAnam / jyotirjJAnavidhAnaM samyak svAyaMbhuvaM vakSye // gopaka bAlastrI vRddhamativihInAnAm / manasA neyaM tathyaM zrIkaraNamidaM tato vakSye // isa granthake pratyeka prakaraNAntameM Aye prazastivAkyameM zrIdharAcArya hI kartA batAye gaye haiM iti zrIdharAcAryaviracite jyotirjJAnavidhI dhruvAdhikAro nAma dvitIyaH paricchedaH / 1. dekheM - Ganetatilaka's Introduction P X tathA vizeSake liye karNATaka kavi carite bhAga 1, pR0 75 /

Page #392
jyotiSa evaM gaNita kisI-kisI paricchedake amtameM jyotirjJAnavidhiko vizeSaNa aura zrIkaraNako vizeSya tathA kisI-kisIke antameM jyotirjJAnavidhi yA zrIkaraNa aisA bhI milatA hai iti zrIdharAcAryaviracite jyotirjJAnavidhI zrIkaraNe saMjJAdhikAraH prathamaH paricchedaH / tathA iti zrIdharAcAryaviracite jyotirjJAnavidhau vA zrIkaraNe lagnaprakaraNaM nAma aSTamaH pricchedH| ataH yaha suspaSTa hai ki jyotinividhike kartA hI gaNitasAra yA trizatikAke racayitA zrIdharAcArya haiN| jainAjaina sAhityameM isa nAmake jitane AcArya milate haiM unakA vivaraNa prastuta kiyA jAtA hai tathA isa vivaraNaparase pAThaka svayaM nizcaya kara sakeMge ki gaNitajJa zrIdharAcArya kauna hai ? zrIdharAcArya nAmake jainetara vidvAnoMkA vivaraNa ajaina sAhityameM zrIdhara nAmake ATha vidvAnoMkA ullekha milatA hai 1-yaha zrIdharapaddhati, pAzuvapratApa, kAla vidhAna paddhati evaM amarakoSakI TIkA Adi granthoMke racayitA haiM / sundaragaNikRta dhAturatnAkarameM inakA ullekha milatA hai / 2-inakA pUrA nAma zrIdharAcArya yajvan batAyA gayA hai| yaha smRtyarthasAra aura zrIdharIya dharmazAstra nAmaka granthoMke raciyatA hai / smRtyarthasArameM inhoMne govindarAja aura tIrthasaMgrahakArakA mata uddhRta kiyA hai / hemAdrine apane granthameM inakA Adara sahita ullekha kiyA hai / inake pitAkA nAma viSNu bhaTTa upAdhyAya batAyA gayA hai / 3-inake nAmake antameM 'dAsa' zabda bhI milatA hai| inhoMne IsvI san 1204 meM saduktikarNAmRtakI racanA kI hai| inake pitA baTudAsa baMgezvara lakSmaNasenake senApati aura parama suhRd the| 4-zrIdhara dIkSita-yaha prayogavRtti aura sAmaprayoga paddhatike praNetA hai / 5-zrIdharAcArya--padArtha-dharma-saMgrahakI TIkA nyAyakandalIke racayitA haiM / inhoMne vyavahAra dazazlokI, sapiNDadIpikA ye do grantha aura banAye haiN| inake nAmake antameM bhaTTa zabda bhI milatA hai| nyAyakandalImeM inake pitAkA nAma baladeva, mAtAkA avvokA aura pitAmahakA vAcaspati batAyA hai| isa granthako inhoMne pANDudAsa nAmaka eka hindU rAjAke utsAhase IsvI san 991 meM racA hai / inakA nAma bhUrisRSTi batAyA gayA hai| ___ mahAmahopAdhyAya paM0 sudhAkara dvivedIne gaNitasArake' kartA jyotirvida zrIdharAcAryako aura nyAyakandalIke kartA zrIdharAcAryako eka mAnA hai aura isI AdhArapara inhoMne apanI gaNakataraMgiNImeM bhaTTa zrIghara, zrIdhara aura zrIdharAcArya ye tInoM nAma eka hI vyaktike batalAye hai / parantu eka bhI aisA pramANa nahIM, jisase gaNaka zrIdharAcAryako nyAyakandalIkA kartA mAnA jA sake / gaNitasAra yA triMzatikAke antameM jyotividke rUpameM hI inakA paricaya milatA hai, 1. 'gaNitasAra'meM jainAcAryoMkA diyA nAma hai, jainoMmeM isa nAmake gaNita sambandhI kaI grantha likhe gaye haiN|

Page #393
348 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna naiyAyikake rUpameM nhiiN| aura na nyAyakandalIse hI kahIM vyakta hotA hai ki ye hI prasiddha gaNitajJa zrIdharAcArya hai| isake alAvA aise aneka sabala pramANa hai jinase jyotivid zrIdharAcAryakA astitva pRthak siddha hotA hai / ataeva nyAyakandalIkAra bhaTTa zrIdharAcAryase bhinna gaNitasArake racayitA haiN| 6-zrIdhara mizra-dAnaparIkSA, bhraSTavaiSNavakhaNDana, zuSkajJAna nirAdara aura vaidyamanotsava nAmaka granthoMke racayitA haiN| 7-puruSottama sarasvatIke guru tathA rAmazrIpAda ziSya hariharAnandake ziSya eka zrIdharAcArya haiN| inakA banAyA huA siddhAnta tattvabindu-sandIpana nAmaka grantha batAyA gayA hai| chAna-bIna karanepara zrIdharAcArya nAmaka ajaina vidvAnoMmeM se koI bhI gaNitasAra, jAtaka tilaka, jyotinividhi Adi jyotiSa viSayaka granthoMke racayitA nahIM jaMcate haiN| zrIdharAcArya nAmake anyAnya ullekha 1-zrI premIjI dvArA likhita digambara jaina granthakartA aura unake pranya' nAmaka pustakase eka zrIdharAcAryakI sUcanA milatI hai, jo ki zrutAvatAra gadya aura bhaviSyadatta caritra nAmaka granthoMke racayitA hai| 2-sukumAla cariuke racayitA' zrIdharAcArya apabhraMzake prasiddha kavi haiM / isa granthakI racanAkA kAraNa isa prakAra batAyA hai ki eka dina balada (balaDai) ke jaina mandira meM, jahA~ke zAsaka govindacandra the; papracandra nAmaka eka muni upadeza de rahe the| upadezameM unhoMne sukumAla svAmIkA bhI ullekha kiyA / zrotAoMmeM pIche sAhukA putra kumAra nAmaka eka vyakti thA, jisane ki sukumAla svAmIkI kathAke viSayameM adhika jAnanekI icchA prakaTa kI thii| kintu munirAjana kumArako zrIdharAcArya nAmaka kavikI abhyarthanA karaneko kahA, jo ki usakI jijJAsA zAnta kara sakate the| ataH zrIdharAcAryako kumArane sukumAla caritakI racanA karaneko prerita kiyaa| kumAra sAhuko puravADa kulakA batAyA hai / kavine apanI kRti bhI inhIMko samarpita kI hai / grantha samAptiko tithi nimna prakAra dI gaI hai bArahasayaiM gayaiM kayaharisaiM / aTrottarai mahIyale vrisii| kasaNapakkhe aggahaNe jaaye| tijjadivase sasivAri smaape| arthAt 1208 varSa vyatIta hone para mArgazIrSa kRSNA tRtIyA candravArako samApta kiyaa| 3-sena saMghameM zrIdhara nAmake eka prasiddha AcArya hue haiM, yaha kAvya-zAstrake marmajJa, nAnA zAstroMke pAragAmI vizvalocana kozake kartA haiM / inake gurukA nAma munisena batAyA jAtA hai| 1. inakI sUcanA mujhe zrI rAmasiMha tomara ema0 e0 risarca skAlara zAnti niketana (baMgAla) se milI hai| lekhaka

Page #394
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 341 4-zrIdharadeva--zravaNabelgolake zilAlekha naM. 42 aura 43 meM isa nAmake do AcArya Aye haiN| eka AcArya dAmanandike ziSya aura dUsare malladhAri devake ziSya / isa nAmake eka AcArya vaidyAmRtake kartA bhI mAne gaye haiM / zAstrasArasamuccayake TIkAkAra mAghanandIne apanI guruparamparAmeM bhI zrIdharadevakA nAma batAyA hai| gaNitasArake racayitAkA pUrA nAma zrIdharAcArya hai, AcArya zabda bhI inake nAmake sAtha jur3A huA hai ataH prasiddha gaNitajJa zrIdharAcArya uparyukta vidvAnoMse bhinna haiM / nandisaMgha balAtkAragaNake AcAryoMmeM zrIdharAcAryakA nAma yathAvat milatA hai / dazabhaktyAdi mahAzAstrameM kavivara vardhamAnane nandisaMgha balAtkAragaNakI gurvAvalI nimna prakAra dI hai :- . __ varddhamAna bhaTTAraka, padmanandI, zrIdharAcArya', devacandra, kanakacandra, nayakIti, ravicandradeva, zrutakIttideva, vIranandI, jinacandradeva, bhaTTAraka vardhamAna, zrIdhara paMDita, vAsupUjya, udayacandra, kumudacaMdra, mAghanaMdI, varddhamAna, mANikyanaMdI, guNakIti, guNacaMdra abhayanaMdI, sakalacaMdra, tribhuvanacaMdra, caMdrakotti, zrutakIti, varddhamAna, vidya vAsupUjya, kumudacaMdra aura bhuvncNdr| uparyukta gurvAvalImeM zrIdharAcArya aura zrIdhara paMDita ye do vyakti Aye haiN| inameM zrIdharAcArya gaNitasAra, jAtaka tilaka, kannar3a lIlAvatI Adi jyotiSa viSayaka graMthoMke racayitA aura zrIdhara paMDita jayakumAra caritake racayitA haiM / zrIdharAcAryakA samaya ___ 'karNATaka kavi carite' ke eka uddharaNase patA lagatA hai ki zrIdharAcArya ke 'jAtakatilaka' kA racanAkAla 1049 IsvI hai| mahAvIrAcArya ke gaNitasArameM "dhanaM dhanarNayorvargo dhule svarNa tayoH kramAt / RNaM svarUpato'vargo yatastasmAnna tatpadam // " yaha zrIdharAcAryakA sUtra AyA hai, isase spaSTa hai ki zrIdharAcArya mahAvIrAcAryake pUrvavartI haiM / mahAvIrAcAryane apane gaNitasArameM amoghavarSakA nimna prakAra smaraNa kiyA hai : zrINitaH prANizasyogho nirItiniravagrahaH / zrImatAmoghavarSeNa yena sveSTahitaiSiNA / / vidhvastaikAntapakSasya syAdvAdanyAyavAdinaH / devasya nRpatuGgasya vaddhatAM tasya zAsanam // . isase spaSTa hai ki amoghavarSake zAsanakAlameM gaNitasArakI racanA huI hai| isa rASTrakUTavaMzI rAjAkA samaya IsvI san 815 se 865 taka mAnA jAtA hai| isIliye .. 1. tasya maukhaSpagranandI vidyazo guNAlayaH / abhavacchrIdharAcAryastatsadharmA mahAprabhaH // -dazabhaktyAdi mahAzAstra, pR0 101 2. dekheM 'prAcIna bhAratake rAjavaMza' bhAga 3, pR0 12 /

Page #395
350 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna aitihAsika vidvAnoMne gaNitasArakA racanAkAla navIM zatAbdIkA madhya bhAga mAnA hai| ataeva zrIdharAcAryakA samaya IsvI san 850 ke pahale mAnanA pdd'egaa| . ina gaNitajJa AcAryakA ullekha bhAskarAcArya', kezava, divAkara' daivajJa Adine Adara sahita kiyA hai / ___ zrIdharAcArya dvArA viracita jyotirjJAnavidhimeM eka prakaraNa pratiSThA muhUrtakA hai, isa prakaraNake samasta zloka vasunaMdI pratiSThApAThameM jyoMke tyoM uddhRta haiN| jyotirjJAnavidhi jyotiSakA svataMtra graMtha hai, ataH pratiSThApAThake muhUrta viSayaka zloka isameMse liye gaye haiM / jaina sAhityameM vasunaMdI nAmake tIna vidvAn hue hai-eka kA sayaya vi0 saM0 536, dUsarekA vi0 saM0 704 aura tIsarekA vi0 saM0 1395 hai| merA anumAna hai ki aMtima vasunaMdI hI ukta pratiSThApAThake racayitA haiM / ataH yaha mAnanA par3egA ki vi0 saM0 1395 meM zrIdharAcAryake pratiSThA muhUrta zlokoMkA saMkalana vasunaMdIne kiyA hogaa| zrIdharAcArya ke samaya nirdhAraNake liye eka aura sabala pramANa jyotirjJAnavidhikA hai / isa granthameM mAsadhruvA sAdhanakI prakriyA karanemeM vartamAna zakAndameM se eka sthAnapara 720 aura prakArAntarase punaH isa kriyAke sAdhanameM 721 ghaTAye jAnekA kathana hai| jyotiSa zAstrameM yaha niyama hai ki ahargaNa sAdhanake liye pratyeka gaNaka apane gata zakAbdake varSoMko yA vartamAna 1, yat punaH zrIdharAcArya brahmaguptyAdibhirvyAsavargAddazaguNAtpadaM paridhiH sthUlo'pyaGgI kRtaH sa sukhArtham / nahi ne jAnantIti-siddhAnta zi0 go0 bhuvanakoSa zlo0 52 TIkA / 2. zreSThaM riSTahatI dazAktam ihaujaH zrIdharAdayoditam / kaSTeSTanabalAntarAt kva ca kRtaM tadyukti zUnyaM tvasat // -kezavIya paddhati zlo0 32 3. ya tu zrIpatineSTakaSTa guNita balayorantarAdvalamityukta tatra yatastathA lati riSTakarasyabhaGgakarasyetyAdi / -kezavIya paddhati zlo0 32 kI TIkA / 4. paJcAMgAtithisaMzuddhirlagnaM SaDvargagocaram / zubhAzubhanimittaM ca lagnazuddhistu paMcadhA / / vArAstithibhayogAzca maraNaM pacadhA tithi / tyattvA kujaM raviM sauri vArAH sarve'pi zobhanAH // siddhAmRtAdiyogeSu kuryAtteSvapi maMgalam / tyaktvA riktAmamAvasyAM sarvAstu tithayaH zubhAH // riktAsvapi samAzritya yogaM kAryANi kArayet / siddhayogamapi prApya sinivAlIM vivarjayet // punarvasUttarApuSyahastazravaNarevatIrohiNyAzvimRgakSeSu pratiSThA kArayetsadA // citrAsvAtimaghAmUle bharaNyAM tadabhAvataH nakSatreSvavazeSeSu pratiSThAM naiva kArayet / / . -vasunandI pratiSThApATha pariccheda 1 zloka 1-6 paJcAGgatithisaMzuddhilagnaM SaDvargagocaram / zubhAzubhanimittaM ca lagnazuddhistu paJcadhA / vArAstithibhayogAzca karaNaM paMcadhA tithi| tyattvA kujaM raviM sauri vArA sarve'pi zobhanAH / / siddhAmRtAdiyogeSu kuryAtteSvapi maMgalam / tyaktvA riktAmamAvA sarvAstu tithayaH zubhAH / / riktAsvapi samAzritya yogaM kAryANi kArayet / siddhiyogamapi prApya zanivAre vivarjayet // -jyotiniviSi pu0 26 /

Page #396
jyotiSa evaM gaNita zakAbdake varSoMko kriyA karate samayake zakAbdake varSoM meMse ghaTAkara anya kriyAkA vidhAna batalAtA hai / udAharaNArtha grahalAghava Adi karaNa granthoMko liyA jA sakatA hai| ina granthoMke racayitAoMne apane samayake zakAbdako ghaTAnekA vidhAna batAyA hai| ataeva yaha nizcita hai ki zrIdharAcAryane bhI apane samayake gata zakAnda aura vartamAna zakAndako ghaTAne kA vidhAna kahA hai| jahAM inhoMne kriyA karate samayake zakAbdameMse 720 ko ghaTAne kA vidhAna nirdeza kiyA hai, vahA~ vaha gata zakAbda mAnA jAyagA aura jahA~ 721 ke ghaTAne kA kathana hai, vahA~ vaha vartamAna zaka hai / isake alAvA eka anya pramANa yaha bhI hai ki prakArAntarase mAsadhUvAnayanameM 721 ko karaNAbdakAla batalAyA hai, jisase nizcita hai ki 721 zakameM jyotirjJAnavidhiko racanA karathi nyUnaM zakAbdaM karaNAbdaM rayaguNaM dvisaMsthApya / rAgahRtamadolabdhaM gatamAsAMzcopari prayojya punaH // 1 // saMsthApyAdho rAdhAguNite khaguNaM tu varSarekhAdi ? saMtyAjye nIcApte labdhA vArAstu zeSAH ghaTikAH syuH / / 2 / / jyo0 pR0 5 arthAt-karathi-721 karaNAbda zakako vartamAna zakameMse ghaTAkara 12 se guNA kara guNanaphalako do sthAnoMmeM rakhanA cAhiye / eka sthAnapara 32 se bhAga denese jo labdha Aye use gatamAsa samajhanA aura ina gatamAsoMko anta sthAnavAlI rAzi meM jor3a denA cAhiye / punaH tIna sthAnoMmeM isa rAziko rakhakara eka sthAnameM 92 se, dUsare) 2 se aura tIsaremeM 22 se guNAkara kramazaH eka dUsarekA antara karake rakha lenA / jo saMkhyA ho usameM 62 se bhAga denepara labdha vAra aura zeSa ghaTikAeM hotI haiM / yahA~para 721 zaka saMvat prantha racanAkA samaya batAyA gayA hai| mahAvIrAcAryane isIliye apane pUrvavartI jaina dharmAnuyAyI ghoSarAcAryakA anusaraNa kiyA hai| hA~, yahA~para eka zaMkAspada bAta yaha raha jAtI hai ki 'jAtaka tilaka' kA jo racanAkAla mAnA hai, usake sAtha kaise samanvaya hogA? isa zaMkAkA uttara yaha hai ki jahA~ taka mujhe mAlUma hai 'jAtaka tilaka' meM granthakartAne racanAkAla nahIM diyA hai, kevala bhASA Adike AdhArapara usakA racanAkAla nizcita kiyA gayA hai / ataeva inakA samaya 1049 IsvI nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| inako prAcInatAkA eka anya pramANa yaha bhI hai ki gaNitasArake gaNita sambandhI jo siddhAnta haiM, unakA jaina sampradAyameM IsvI san 3 rI aura 4 thI zatAbdImeM khUba pracAra thaa| prAcIna gaNitake anveSaka vidvAnoMne isa bAtako svIkAra kara liyA hai ki vRttakSetrakI paridhi nikAlanekA niyama "vyAsa vargako dasase guNAkara vargamUla parici hotI hai" jaina sampradAya kA hai / vartamAnameM upalabdha sUrya siddhAntase pahaleke jaina granthoMmeM yaha karaNa sUtra pAyA jAtA hai| jainetara prAyaH sabhI jyotirvidoMne isa siddhAntako samAlocanA kI hai tathA kucha logoMne joradAra khaNDana bhii| zrIdharAcAryane jaina mAnyatAke isI sUtrakA anusaraNa kiyA hai tathA prAcIna jaina gaNitake mUla tattvoMkA vistAra kiyA hai / ataeva yaha mAnanA par3egA ki inakA samaya isvI san kI 8bI sadIkA antima pAva hai|

Page #397
352 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna zrIdharAcAryake jyotirgrantha aura unakA paricaya dakSiNa bhAratameM aneka zatAbdiyoM taka jyotiSa jJAnako dhArA abAdhita rUpase pravAhita hotI rahI hai / IsvI san kI 4 thI zatAbdIse lekara 12 vIM zatAbdI taka aneka dhurandhara jyotirvida dakSiNameM hue haiN| jaina gaNita aura jyotiSakA pracAra bhI jitanA dakSiNameM thA, utanA uttarameM nahIM / phalataH zrIdharAcAryake bahuta hI kama granthoMkA pracAra uttarameM huA hai / jo do-eka grantha dakSiNase pratilipi ho uttarameM Aye bhI, unheM apanemeM pacAneke liye sampradAya vizeSake cinha bhUta maGgala zloka badala diye gaye / athavA yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki pratilipi kartAko anya sampradAake dRSTadevakA nAma likhanA abhISTa na ho, isaliye AsAnIse nAma badala kara apane iSTadevakA nAma usa sthAnapara likha diyA ho / astu, ____ gaNitasArake antameM eka zloka milatA hai jisase inakI vidvattAkA anumAna sahajameM hI lagAyA jA sakatA hai : uttarato himanilayaM dakSiNato malayaparvataM yAvat / prAgaparodadhimadhye no gaNaka: zrIdharAdanyaH / / isase spaSTa hai ki zrIdharAcAryakI kItti kaumudI usa samaya samasta bhAratameM vyApta thI / jyotiSazAstrake marmajJa mahAmahopAdhyAya paM0 sudhAkara dvivedIne inakI prazaMsA karate hue kahA hai ki : _ "bhaaskrennaa''syaanekeprkaaraastskrvdphRtaaH| aho suprasiddhasya bhAskarAdito'pi prAcInasya vidUSo'nyakRtidarzanamantarA samaye mahAn saMzayaH / prAcInA eka zAstramAtrakavedino nA''san te ca bahuzrutA bahuvi SayavettAra Asannatra na saMzayaH / " __ina paMktiyoMse spaSTa hai ki zrIdharAcAryake aneka niyamoMko bhAskara jaise dhurandhara gaNakoMne jyoMkA tyoM apanA liyA hai| inake upalabdha cAra granthoMmeMse do grantha mujhe dekhaneko mile haiN| kucha dina pahale gaNitAra yA viMzatikAko nAgarI akSaroMmeM likhI prati bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzIke tatkAlIna adhyakSa zrImAn paM0 mahendrakumAra jI nyAyAcArya dvArA prApta huI thii| yadyapi isa samaya vaha prati mere samakSa nahIM hai, kevala saMkSipta noTsa haiM / ina saMkSipta noTsoMke AdhArapara itanA kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha grantha gaNita zAstrakA adbhuta hai / isameM abhinna . guNana, bhAgahAra, varga, vargamUla, ghana, ghanamUla, bhinnasamaccheda, bhAgajAti, prabhAgajAti, bhAgAnubandha, bhAgamAtRjAti, pairAzika, paMcarAzika, saptarAzika, navarAzika bhANDa-pratibhANDa, mizra vyavahAra, bhAjaka vyavahAra, eka patropakaraNa, suvarNagaNita, prakSepaka gaNita, samakraya-vikraya gaNita, zreNIvyavahAra, kSetravyabahAra, evaM chAyAvyavahArake gaNita. udAharaNa sahita diye gaye haiM / isa granthakA jaina evaM janetaroMmeM bar3A bhArI pracAra rahA hai| gaNita tilakakI saMskRta bhUmikAmeM kahA gayA hai ki.... 1. dekheM gaNakataraMgiNI, pR0 24 /

Page #398
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 353 'gIrvANagI gumphito manoramavividhacchandonibaddhaH sapAdazatapadyapramito gaNitatilakasaMjJako'yaM granthaH zrIdharAcAryakRta trizatyAdhAreNa nirmita ityanumIyate katipayAnAM padyAnAM sAmyAvalokanena / ina paMktiyoMse spaSTa hai ki zrIpatine inake gaNitasArake anukaraNapara hI apane gaNita grantha kI racanA kI hai| zrI siMhatilakasUrine apanI tilaka nAmaka vRttimeM gaNitasArakA AdhAra lekara gaNita viSayaka mahattAoM kA pradarzana kiyA hai / inhoMne apanI vRttimeM zrIdharAcAryake siddhAntoMko dUdha - pAnI kI taraha milA diyA hai / zrIdharAcAryake eka bIja gaNitakI sUcanA bhAskarAcAryane dI hai, parantu vaha abhI taka milA nahIM hai| merA vizvAsa hai ki dakSiNa ke kisI jaina granthAgArameM vaha avazya hogA / yadi samyak anveSaNa kiyA jAya to usake milanepara bIja gaNitake vidvAnoMke sammukha aneka prAcIta siddhAnta A jAya~ge, jinase bhAratIya gaNitakI aneka samasyAoMkI ulajhana sulajha jaaygii| kyoMki Adhunika bIjagaNitake eka varNa madhyamAharaNa meM 'zrIdhara maithaDa' ke nAmase kucha niyama pAye jAte haiM / yaha AcArya kevala gaNitake ho marmajJa nahIM the, kintu triskandha jyotiSa paNDita the / saMhitA, horA aura siddhAnta ina aMgoMpara inakA pUrNa adhikAra thA / jAtaka viSayako spaSTa karane ke liye inhoMne kannar3a bhASA meM jAtaka tilakakI racanA kI hai / isa granthakA viSaya nAmase hI spaSTa hai / yatra-tatra upalabdha granthake sArAMzako dekhanese mAlUma hotA hai ki bRhajjAtakake samAna hI isakA viSaya vistRta hai tathA janmakuNDalIke phalAdezakA kathana bahuta anUTheDhaMgase kiyA gayA hai / kannar3a lIlAvatI nAmaka eka granthakI sUcanA bhI milatI hai, isa graMtha meM pradhAnarUpase aGkagaNita aura mensyUrezanake gaNitakA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / jyotijJa nividhi--yaha jyotiSa zAstrakA mahatvapUrNa grantha hai / isameM karaNa, saMhitA aura muhUrta ina tInoM viSayoMkA samAveza kiyA gayA hai / yadyapi mere samakSa isakI adhUrI prati hai, lekina jitanA aMza hai, utanA vizeSa upayogI hai / isa granthakI racanA zailI gaNitasAra athavA triMzatikAke samAna hai| donoM granthoMke dekhanese pratIta hotA hai ki jyotirjJAnavidhi gaNitasArase pahalekI racanA hai| vaise upalabdha grantha atyanta bhraSTa hai, azuddhiyoMse bharA par3A hai / isake prArambha meM sATha samvatsara, tithi, nakSatra, vAra, yoga, rAzi, evaM karaNoMke nAma tathA rAzi, aMza, kalA, vikalA, ghaTI, pala AdikA varNana kiyA gayA hai| dUsare pariccheda meM mAsa aura nakSatra dhruvAkA vistAra sahita vivecana hai / isa prakaraNake prArambha meM zaka saMvat nikAlanekA eka sundara karaNa sUtra diyA hai SaSTiH SoDazaguNitaM vyapagatasamvatsarazca sammizram / navazUnyAbdhisametaM zakanupakAlaM vijAnIyAt // 1. dekheM gaNita tilaka, pR0 72 / 2. dekheM gaNita tilaka vRti, pR0 4, 9, 11, 17, 39 Adi / 45

Page #399
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna arthAt bItI huI samvatsara saMkhyAko 16 se guNA kara 60 jor3a denepara jo saMkhyA bAbe, usameM 409 aura yukta kara denepara zaka saMvat A jAtA hai| tRtIya tithyAdhikArameM madhyama ravi, candra aura spaSTa ravi, candrake sAdhanake pazcAt antarAMzoMpara se tithi sAdhanakI prakriyA batAI gaI hai| isameM mAsa -zeSa dhruvAparase bhI tithikA sAghana kiyA hai, yaha prakriyA jyotiSazAstra kI dRSTise mahattvapUrNa hai / caturtha paricchedameM saMkrAntike sAdhana kI kriyAkA sundara varNana hai / prArambhakA zloka nimna prakAra hai| 400 nonavaguNa karaNAbdaM varSonaM sukaloddhRtaM 17 vAram / naca guNavRtazeSaM ghaTikA zrIdharayukta tena saMkrAntyA // yahA~ zrIdhara zabda dvayArthaka hai; granthakarttAne apane nAmakA nirdeza kara zrIko ghara zabdase pRthak kara 29 jor3e jAnevAlI saMkhyAko bhI batA diyA hai| dina-rAtakA pramANa nikAlanekI nimna vidhi batalAI gaI hai : 354 diyA hai tathA isa prakaraNa meM makarAdi-karkaTAdi jJAtvA rAzyaMzabhuktiriha khaguNA' / tatra 120 narAtapa yuktaM " nIcahRtaM divasarAtripramANam // arthAt -- makarase lekara mithuna taka abhISTa sUryake rAzyAdi jJAta kare / isa rAzyAdike aMza banAkara aMzoMko do se guNAkara, guNanaphalameM 1620 jor3e aura yogaphalameM 60 kA bhAga dene se paTyAtmaka dina pramANa AtA hai / karkase lekara dhanu taka abhISTa sUryake rAjyAMzoMke aMza banAkara do se guNA karanepara jo Ave, usameM 1620 jor3akara vayAtmaka rAtri pramANa AtA hai / yogaphalameM 60 kA bhAga denese chaThaveM pariccheda meM grahoM ke yuddhakA varNana kiyA gayA hai, prArambhameM grahayuddhakI paribhASA dete hue kahA hai / rAzyaMzakalAH sarvAH yadA bhaveyuH samA dvayogra hayoH / yogastayostadA jAyate ca tadyuddhamiti vAcyam / / arthAt jaba do grahoMke rAzi, aMza, kalA samAna hoM usa samaya una donoMkA yoga yuddha saMjJaka hotA haiM / isa yuddha ke pradhAnataH purataH dRSTa yuddha aura parataH dRSTa yuddha ye do bheda batalAye haiM tathA inakA vistAra sahita varNana bhI kiyA hai| isake pazcAt sAta pariccheda grahaNAdhikAra nAma kA hai isameM vikSepa, lambana, nati Adike sAmAnya gaNitake sAtha grahaNakI dizA, grAsa, sparza, mokSakI madhyama ghaTikAoMkA Anayana kiyA hai / AThava prakaraNa lagna sAdhana kA hai, isameM zaMkucchAyA, padacchAyA Adi nAnA prakAroM parase lagna sAdhana kiyA hai| grahoMke saMskAra bhI isa prakaraNameM batAye gaye haiN| yaha prakaraNa kAphI bar3A hai, isameM gaNitake kucha karaNa sUtra bhI diye haiM / isake anantara lagna zuddhi prakaraNa hai jisameM pratiSThA muhUrtta, yamaghaNTaka, kulika, praharArdhapAt, krakaca, utpAta, mRtyu, kANa, siddha, amRta Adi yogoMke lakSaNa diye gaye haiM / yadyapi yaha prakaraNa choTA hai, para Avazyaka mUhUrta sabhI A gaye haiM / dasaveM prakaraNameM nakSatroMke vRkSa, devatA, evaM zubhAzubhatvakA pratipAdana kiyA hai / isase Age prakaraNa nahIM milate haiM / zrIdharAcArya ke granthoMko dekhanese inakI vidvattAkA anumAna sahajameM hI kiyA jA sakatA hai / bAhya aura antaH sAkSyake AdhArase yaha nizcita hai ki yaha janamatAvalambI dakSiNa bhAratake nivAsI the /

Page #400
jainAcAryoM dvArA prastuta gaNita sambandhI katipaya maulika udabhAvanAe~ gaNitake do pradhAna tattva haiM saMkhyA aura AkRti / saMkhyAse aMkagaNita aura bIjagaNitakI utpatti huI hai tathA AkRttise jyAmiti aura kSetramiti kI / bebIlona aura sumera sabhyatAke samAnAntara hI bhArata varSa meM bhI jyotiSa tathA gaNitake siddhAnta pracalita the / vaidika yajJa aura kuNDamAnake sampAdanArtha zulvasUtra evaM vedAMga jyotiSakA pracAra IsvI san se 800 varSa pUrva hI ho cukA thA / karmakANDako zubha samayapara sampanna karanA Avazyaka mAnA jAtA thA, ataH samaya zuddhiko jJAna karaneke hetu paMcAMga ( Calendar) banane lage the / jaina prantha jyotiSakaraNDaka meM grIka pUrva lagna praNAlI upalabdha hotI hai| jainAcAryoMke triloka prajJapti, sUrya prajJapti, candra prajJapti prabhRti granthoMmeM gaNitake aneka aise maulika siddhAnta nibaddha haiM, jo bhAratIya gaNita meM anyatra nahIM milate / bhAratIya gaNita evaM jyotiSake adhyayanake AdhArapara jainAcAryoM dvArA prastutakI gayI gaNita sambandhI maulika udbhAvanAoMko nimnAMkita rUpameM upasthita kiyA jA sakatA hai-- (1) saMkhyA svarUpa nirdhAraNa evaM saMkhyAoM kA vargIkaraNa / (2) sthAnamAna siddhAnta / (3) ghAtAMka siddhAnta / (4) laghugaNaka siddhAnta (Logarithms) / (5) apUrvaka bhinna rAziyoMke vibhinna upayoga aura prakArAntara / (6) gati sthiti prakAza pyavamAna gaNita sambandhI siddhAnta / (7) jyAmiti aura kSetramiti sambandhI vibhinna AkRtiyoMke prakAra parivartana evaM rUpAntaroMke gaNita | (8) alaukika gaNitakA nirUpaNa / (9) gaNita siddhAntoMke AdhyAtmika upayoga evaM vyAvahArika prayogoMkA vivecana / saMkhyA-svarUpa jisase jIva, ajIva Adi padArthoMkA jJAna prApta kiyA jAya, use saMkhyA kahate haiM' / jainAcAryoMne ekase gaNanA to mAnI hai, para ekako saMkhyA nahIM maanaa| AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartIne likhA hai eyAdIyA gaNaNA bIyAdIyA dRvaMti tIyAdINaM NiyamA kaditti saNNA saMkhejjA / muNedavvA // -- trilokasAra gAthA 16 1. saMkhyAyante paricchidyante jIvAdamaH padArthA yena tajjJAnaM saMkhyetyucyeta / samyaka syApyate prakAzyate'nayeti saMkhyA - abhidhAna rAjendra koza, bhAga 7 saMkhyA zabda /

Page #401
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna ekAdikA gaNanA dvacAdikA saMkhyAtA bhavanti yAdInAM niyamAt kRtiriti saMjJA jJAtavyA / yasya kRtau mUlamadanIya zeSe vargite varSite sAkRtiriti / ekasya dvayozca kRtilakSaNAbhAvAt ekasya no kRtitvaM dvayoravaktavyamiti kRtitvaM tryAdInAmeva tallakSaNayuktatvAt kRtitvaM yuktam / - mAghavacandra TIkA 356 arthAt ekAdiko gaNanA, do Adiko saMkhyA evaM tIna Adiko kRti kahate haiM / eka aura do meM kRtitva nahIM hai, yataH jisa saMkhyAke varga meM se mUlako ghaTAnepara jo zeSa rahe, usakA varga karanepara usa saMkhyAse adhika rAzikI upalabdhi ho vahI kRti hai / yaha dharma tIna Adi saMkhyAomeM hI pAyA jAtA hai| ekake saMkhyAtvakA niSedha karate hue likhA hai "dUhe ko gaNanA saMkhyA na labhate yataH ekasmin ghATA do dRSTe ghaTAdi vastu dUdaM tiSThati ityameva prAyaH pravItirupapadyate, naika saMkhyA viSayatvena athavA dAna samarpaNAdi vyavahAra kAle ekaM vastu na prAyaH kazcit gaNapati yato'saM vyavahArAryatvAdalpatvAdvA naiko gaNana saMkhya labhate tasmAd dviprabhRtireva gaNanasaMkhyA / "" arthAt -- ekakI ginatI gaNanAsaMkhyAmeM nahIM hai, yataH ghaTako dekha kara yahA~ ghaTa hai, isakI pratIti hotI hai, usakI tAdAdake viSayameM kucha jJAna nahIM hotA athavA dAna, samarpaNAdi kAlameM eka vastukI prAyaH ginatI nahIM kI jaatii| isakA kAraNa asaMvyavahAra samyak vyavahArakA abhAva athavA ginanese alpatvakA bodha honA hai| uparyukta vaktavyakA parIkSaNa karanepara jJAta hotA hai ki saMkhyA 'samUha' kI jAnakArI prApta karaneke hetu hotI hai / manuSyako usake vikAsakI prArambhika avasthAse hI isa prakArakA Antarika jJAna prApta hai, jise hama sambodhana ke abhAva meM saMkhyA jJAna kahate haiM / ataeva samUhagata pratyeka vastukI pRthaka pRthaka jAnajArIke abhAva meM samUhake madhya meM honevAle parivartanakA boSa nahIM ho sakatA hai / samUha bodhakI kSamatA aura ginanekI kSamatA ina donoMmeM paryApta antara hai / ginanA sIkhanese pUrva manuSyane saMkhyA jJAna prApta kiyA hogA yataH isa kriyAke lie mAnava maStiSka ke paryApta zrama karanA par3A hogA / manuSyane samUhake bIca rahakara saMkhyAkA bodha prApta kiyA hogaa| jaba use do samUhoM ko jor3ane kI AvazyakatA pratIta huI hogI to dhana - cihna aura dhanAtmaka saMkhyAe~ prAdurbhUta huI hoMgI / saMkhyA jJAnake anantara manuSyane ginanA sIkhA aura ginaneke phalasvarUpa aMkagaNitakA prArambha huA / aMkakA mahatva tabhI vyakta hotA hai, jaba hama kaI samUhoM meM eka saMkhyAko pAte haiN| isa avasthAmeM usa aMkakI bhAvanA hamAre hRdayameM vastuoMse pRthak aMkita ho jAtI hai / 1. abhidhAna rAjendra koza, bhAga 7, pR0 67 / se kiM taM gaNanA saMkhyA 1 ekkogaNanaM na ubei, dupyabhi saMkhyA - anuyoga dvAra sUtra 146 / eyAdIya gayA do AdIyA vi jAya saMkhetti / tIyAdInaM niyamA kavitI sapNAvu bodavvA // dhavalA TIkA 9, 10 276 /

Page #402
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 357 isa prakAra hama vastuoMkA bAra-bAra nAma na lekara unakI saMkhyAko prakaTa karate haiM / ythaa2+1-3| jainamanISiyoMne gaNitake tarka-jJAna dvArA gaNanA aura saMkhyAmeM antara vyakta kiyA hai| saMsthAkA mUlAdhAra tatva 'samUha' hai aura samUha 'eka' vastuse nahIM bntaa| samUhakA nirmANa do Adi bastuoMse hI hotA hai, ataH ekako saMkhyA nahIM kahA jAtA / anumAna yaha hai-'do Adi rAziyAM saMkhyA hai, kyoMki inase samUhoMkA nirmANa hotA hai / jisase samUhakA nirmANa sambhava na ho, vaha saMkhyA nhiiN| eka rAzimeM samUha nirmANakI kSamatA nahIM hai, ataH eka rAzi saMkhyA nahIM hai|" aMka vijJAnakA kArya ekake binA sambhava nahIM hai, yataH gaNanA-ginatI ekase mAnI jAtI hai aura gaNitakI samasta kriyAe~ isI aMka se Arambha hotI hai / isa prakAra gaNanA aura saMkhyAke sUkSma bhedakA vizleSaNa kara gaNita sambandhI tArkika pratibhAkA paricaya diyA hai| Aja gaNita vijJAnameM tarkakA upayoga kiyA jA rahA hai aura tarkakA AdhAra gaNitako svIkAra kiyA jA rahA hai / yathA kamsa kha-ga ataeva nigamana tarka paddhati dvArA ka = g| ka, kha, aura ga kA koI bhI mUlya rakhA jAya para pariNAma pUrvokta hI A jAyagA / saMkhyAkI utpatti evaM usake likhaneke prakAra saMkhyAkI utpattike do kAraNa haiM-(1) vyavahArika yA vyAvasAyika aura (2) pArmika / saMkhyA jJAnake binA lena-dena sambandhI koI bhI vyavahArika kArya sampanna nahIM ho sakatA hai / dharmake sAtha bhI saMkhyAkA sambandha hai / jainAcAryoMke AtmAnusandhAnake lie saMkhyAkA anveSaNa kiyA hai| vyakta vastuoMke pUrNa jJAna dvArA AtmAkI zaktike vikAsako avagata kiyA jAtA hai| jainavAGmayameM saMkhyAoMke likhaneko tIna praNAliyAM pracalita haiM1. aMkoM-dvArA 2. akSara saMketoM-dvArA 3. zabda saMketoM-dvArA akSara saMketoM dvArA saMkhyAkI abhivyakti AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta-cakravartIke gommaTasArameM upalabdha hotI hai| chedAgama aura cUNiyoMmeM bhI yaha praNAlI pAyI jAtI hai / isa kramAnusAra aMkoMkA parijhAna nimna prakAra kiyA jAtA hai' :1. kaTapayapurasthavarNe navanavapaMcASTakalpitaH kramazaH / svaramanazUnyaM saMkhyAmAtropArimAkSaraM tyAjyam ||-jiivkaanndd gAthA 157 kI TIkA ubta / ka se lekara 8 taka nava akSaroMse kramazaH nava aMka; Ta se lekara Ageke nava akSaroMse kramazaH nava aMka; se lekara ma taka pAMca akSaroMse kramazaH pAMca aMka evaM ca se lekara ATha akSaroMse kramazaH ATha aMka; solaha svara, ba, na, se zUnya samajhanA cAhiye / mAtrAse aMka nahIM liyA jaataa|

Page #403
358 yathA ka 1 kha = 2 ga = 3 6 = 4 Ga = 5 ya - 1 ra-2 la = 3 va - 4 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna ca - 6 Ta - 1 ta - 6 cha = 7 Tha - 2 tha = 7 ja = 8 ra=3 da = 8 jha - 9 Dha =4 gha - 9 Na = 5 na 0 a = 0 A = 0 8=0 za = 5 Sa = 6 sa = 7 ha = 8 i=0 I = 0 3=0 U = 0 e = 0 <=0 aM = 0 a: = 0 o = 0 o =0 talalInamadhugavimalaM dhUmasilAgAvicArabhayamerU / taTaharikhajhasA hoMti hu bhANusapaJjattasaMkhaMkA | pa - 1 pha = 2 ba - 3 bha -4 ma = 5 gAthA 157 jIvakANDa uparyukta akSara kramAnusAra saMkhyAkA vicAra karanepara paryApta manuSyoMkI saMkhyA79228162514264337593543950336 AtI hai / gommaTasAra jIvakANDakI zrutamArgaNAmeM ajoM aura pUrvokI padasaMkhyA bhI ukta akSara kramase fleanii gayI hai / zabdasaMketoM dvArA saMkhyAko abhivyaMjanA nAmAGka aura zabdAGkoMke vyavahArase kI hai / kisI vastu yA vyaktikA nAma hI saMkhyA prakaTa karatA hai| apane varga meM vastu yA vyaktikI jo saMkhyA hotI hai, usI saMkhyAkA vAcaka vaha nAma mAnA jAtA hai| jaise tIrthakura caubIsa hote haiM, inameM candraprabhakA AThavAM ora pArzvanAthakA teIsava krama hai, ataH candraprabhase 8 aura pArzvanAthase 23 saMkhyA grahaNakI jAtI hai / katipaya padArthoMmeM unakI ginatI ke AdhArapara una padArthoMke vAcaka zabdoM dvArA saMkhyAeM sUcita kI haiM / jaise dravya zabdase 6, tattvane 7, jinase 24 evaM guNasthAnase 14 kI saMkhyA grahaNa kI gayI hai / yaha yahA~ smaraNIya hai ki isa prakArako saMkhyA abhivyaMjanAmeM pAribhASika zabdAvalIko hI svIkRta kiyA hai / sthAnamAna aura usakI abhivyaMjanA ikAI, dahAI Adi kramAnusAra sthAnake mAnake AdhArapara saMkhyAoMko abhivyakta karanA, unakA sthAnamAna kahA jAtA hai / gaNitasAra saMgraha meM mahAvIrAcAryane caubIsa sthAna paryanta saMkhyAoM ke mAnakA pratipAdana kiyA hai / yathA pahalA sthAna eka (ikAI), dUsarA daza ( dahAI), tIsarA zata, cauthA sahasra, pA~cava daza sahasra, chaThA lakSa (lAkha), sAta dasa- lakSa ( dasa lAkha), AThavAM koTi, nauvA~ daza-koTi (dasa karor3a), dasavA~ zatakoTi (sau karor3a), gyArahavA~ arabuda ( araba), bArahavA~ myaburda ( dasa araba ) terahavA~ sarva ( kharaba), caudahavA~ mahAkharva (dasa kharaba), pandrahavAM padama, solahavA~ mahApakrama (vasa

Page #404
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 359 padama), satrahavAM kSoNI, aThArahavAM mahAkSoNI, unnIsavAM zaMkha, bIsauM mahA-zaMkha, ikkIsavAM kSityA, bAIsA mahAkSityA, teIsavAM kSobha aura caubIsavAM mahAkSobha kahalAtA hai / ' jaina lekhakoMne saMkhyAoMke sthAnamAnakA pratipAdana kaI prakArase kiyA hai / ve Adiantake aMkoMkA kathana kara anantara madhyavartI aMkoMko vyakta karate haiM / pradhAnataH abhivyaktIkaraNake ina prakAroMko nimnalikhita rUpoMmeM prayukta kiyA jA sakatA hai 1. dAhinI orase aMkoMkA pratipAdana tathA samasta aMkoMke sannivezase sthAnamAna viSayaka eka saMkhyAko sthitikA aMkana / vyatikrama mAna dvArA saMkhyA-nirUpaNa / 2. sthAnamAnake anusAra aMkoMkA pratipAdana / 3. Adi aura antake aMkoMkA kathana karaneke uparAnta madhyavartI tulya aMkoMkA eka sAtha nirupaNa / 4. zabdoM dvArA aMkoMkA kathana karate hue sthAna-kramAnusAra saMsthAoMkA sanniveza / 5. kisI saMkhyAke varga yA dhana pramANakA kathana kara anya saMkhyAkA saMsUcana / upayukta sthAnamAnakI abhivyajnAke udAharaNa nimna prakAra hai : dhavalaTIkA 3 jilda pR0 99 para uddhRta gAthA 52 meM viparIta krama saMkhyAkA nirupaNa AyA hai / yathAcauMsaTha, chaha sau, kyAsaTha hajAra, chyAsaTha lAkha tathA cAra karor3a-46666664 / (2) aDakoDieyalakkhA aThThasahassA ya eyasadigaM ca / paNNattari vaNNAo paiNNayANaM paMmA0 tu // ___ gommaTasAra (jIvakANDa) gAthA 350 arthAt : ATha karor3a, eka lAkha, ATha hajAra, eka sau pacahattara- 80108175 (3) sattAdo alaiMtA chaNNavamajjhA ya saMjadA svdhe| -gommaTasAra (jIvakANDa) gAthA 632 arthAt : prArambhameM 7 madhyameM chaha bAra 9 tathA anta meM 8 / 71999998 / 1. gaNitasAra saMgraha, jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, solApura, san 1963 I0, 1 / 63-68 pR08 isa sthAna mAnake lie bhAskarAcArya ke nimna padya tulanIya haiekadazazatasahastrAyutalakSaprayutakoTayaH kramazaH / arbudamabjaM kharvanikharvamahApadmazaGkavastasmAt / / jalAdhizcAntyaM madhyaM parAmiti dazaguNottarAH saMjJAH / saMkhyAyAH sthAnAnAM vyavahArArya kRtAH pUrva |-liilaavtii, mAsTara khelADIlAla eNDa sansa, vArANasI, saM0 1994 pR. 3 ina padyoMse spaSTa hai ki 16 sthAnoM taka hI saMkhyAkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai|

Page #405
360 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna (4) igi java java sagigigidugaNavatiSNaDacaupaNe kkati gikkaM / parachattosajurda harahidacaurI ya paDhamubhayaM // - trilokasAra gAthA 28 arthAt : 19971129384513163636363636363636363636363636360 (5) bAdala soMlakSakadisaMguNidaM duguNaNabasamabmatthaM / igitIsa suSNasahiyaM sarisavamANaM have paDhame / / -- trilokasAra gAthA 20 42x256 x 1840000000000000000000000000000000 = 197912092999680000000000000000000000000000000 / saMkhyAoM kA vargIkaraNa saMkhyAoMke mUlataH do bheda haiM - ( 1 ) vAstavika ( Real Numbers) aura (2) avAstavika (Imaginary Numbers) / vAstavika saMkhyAe~ bhI do prakAra kI haiM (1) saMgata (Ratinal Nnmbers) aura ( 2 ) asaMgata ( Irratinal Numbers) / prathama prakArako saMkhyAoM meM bhinna rAziyoMkA samUha pAyA jAtA hai aura dvitIya prakArakI saMkhyAoMmeM karaNIgata rAziyA~ nihita haiN| vAstavika rAziyoM meM ghanAtmaka, riNAtmaka, pUrNAGka, samUhAtmaka, sama, viSama, prabhRti aneka upabheda-upabheda sammilita haiM / saMkhyAkA eka samUha alaukika (Transcendental Numbers) kahA jAtA hai| saMgata saMkhyAoM meM zUnyAtmaka, ghanAtmaka evaM riNAtmaka upabheda kiye gaye haiM / vastutaH pratyeka saMkhyAke saMketAtmaka aura asaMketAtmaka do bheda haiM / jaise--'ka' ko ghanAtmaka yA riNAtmaka likhanA saMketAtmaka rAzi hai / + ka; acinhita ka - / dhavalATIkA, tiloyapaNNatti aura trilokasAra granthoMmeM saMkhyAke tIna bheda Aye haiM1. saMkhyAta = sa - gaNanA jahA~ taka kI jA sakatI hai / 2. asaMkhyAta = a gaNanAse AgekI rAzi - para antataH agaNanIya | 3. ananta = na - vyaya hote rahane para bhI ananta kAlase samApta na ho / (1) saMkhyAta ( gaNanIya) saMkhyAoMke tIna bheda haiM- (a) jaghanya saMkhyAta (alpatama saMkhyA), (ba) madhyama saMkhyAta (bIcakI saMkhyA) ora (sa) utkRSTa saMkhyAta ( sabase bar3I saMkhyA) / (2) asaMkhyAta (agaNanIya) ke parIta - asaMkhyAta, yukta asaMkhyAta aura asaMkhyAta saMkhyAta ye tIna mukhya bheda haiM / punaH jaghanya, madhya aura utkRSTake bhedase pratyekake tIna tIna bheda mAne gaye haiM / AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartIne ina bhedoMkA nimna prakAra vivecana kiyA hai / (a) jaghanya - parIta-asaMkhyAta = sa u + 1 (A) madhyama - parIta- asaMkhyAta - sa u 1 8 a yu u (i) utkRSTa-parIta-asaMkhyAta - a yuja - 1 1. trilokasAra gAthA 36-45

Page #406
jyotiSa evaM gaNita ( sa u + 1) (I) jaghanya-yukta - asaMkhyAta = ( sa u + 1 ) ( u ) madhyama - yukta asaMkhyAta - ( sa u + 1) ( sa u + 1) < ayu u (U) utkRSTa yukta asaMkhyAta = a yu u U U ja - 1 (ka) jaghanya- asaMkhyAtA saMkhyAta - ( a yu ja ) ' (kha) madhyama - asaMkhyAtA saMkhyAta - ( a yu ja ) Page #407
362 dhArA yA zreNI saMsthAe~ ( Kinds of Series) saMkhyAoM kA vaha samudAya jo kisI krama vizeSase likhA jAya, dhArA yA zreNI kahA jAtA hai / jaina lekhakoMne ukta prakArakI saMkhyAoMkA udAharaNa pUrvaka vicAra kiyA hai / 1. sarvadhArA bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna sarvadhArAko hama Adhunika zabdAvalI meM e. pI. ( Arithmatical Progression) kaha sakate haiM / isakA pahalA saMketa eka hai aura antara bhI eka hai / saMkhyAta se lekara anantAnanta saMkhyA paryanta sabhI sthAna sarvadhArAke antargata parigaNita haiM / isa dhArA meM samasta svAbhAvika saMkhyAeM grahaNakI jAtI haiN| yathA 1 + 2+3+4+ 5 anantAnanta / 2. samadhArA saMkhyAoMke kSetrameM svAbhAvika saMkhyAoMko do vargoMmeM vibhakta kiyA jAtA hai - sama aura viSama / samadhArAkA parijJAna prApta karaneke lie saMkhyAtakA utkRSTa pramANa 15 aura asaMkhyAtakA 255 mAnA hai / ye donoM hI saMkhyAe~ 1 ghaTAne yA jor3aneke pazcAt hI samatvako prApta hoMgI; isa saMkhyAkA antima mAna na mAna lenese dhArAkA svarUpa nimna prakAra hai2+4+ 6 + 8 + 10 + 12 + 14 + + na = samadhArA vi + - 1............ ka 8 na I 3. viSamadhArA isa dhArA meM viSama saMkhyaka rAziyAM parigaNita haiM / yathA - 2 + 1 = 3, 4deg1 = 5, 6deg1 = 7, 8deg1 = 9, 10deg1 = 11, 1deg 21 = 13, 14deg1 = 15, 16deg1 = 17, 18deg1 = 19,...............na + 1 = na 4. kRtidhArA / isa dhArA meM vargita saMkhyAe~ grahaNakI gaI haiM 41 = 16, 51 = 25, 62 = 36, 72 = 49, 112=121, 122 = 144, 132 = 196na: yathA - 1 thA - 12 = = 1, 22 = 4, 3 ' = 9, 82 = 64, 92 = 81, 102 = 100, || na = 5. akRtidhArA kRtidhArAkI saMkhyAoM meM ghana-riNAtmaka karanese akRtidhArAkI saMkhyAe~ niSpanna hotI haiM, ye saMkhyAe~ avargAtmaka hI hotI haiN| yathA 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17 "nare + - 1 na 6. ghanadhArA ghanadhArAkA saMkhyA samUha ghanarUpa rahatA hai| samatrighAtako ghana kahA jAtA hai| yathA

Page #408
363 jyotiSa evaM gaNita 1' = 1, 2 = 8, 33 = 27, 4 = 64, 57 - 125, 63 - 216,............ 7. aghanadhArA isa dhArAkA saMkhyA samUha aghanAtmaka hotA hai / sarvadhArAkI saMkhyAoM meM se dhanadhArAkI saMkhyAoMke ghaTAne para aghanadhArAkI saMkhyAeM AtI haiM / yathA 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 63........" sarvadhArA- na3 = naa. 8. kRtimAtakA yA vargamAtakA ___1, 2, 3 Adi saMkhyAoMkI gaNanA na paryanta kI gayI hai / isakA artha yaha hai ki isameM kRtike vargamUlake tulya saMkhyAe~ hotI haiM / yathA 1, 2, 3, 5..........."/na2 =na / 9. akRtimAtakA yA avargamAtakA isa dhArAkI saMkhyAoMkA samUha, isa prakArakA hai, jisakA vargamUla karaNIgata hotA hai / yathA mU + 1, mU + 3, /mU + 2, mU + 5, mU + na = 10. dhanamAtakA 1, 2 se lekara antima ghana saMkhyAke ghanamUla taka isa dhArAkI saMkhyAoMkA vistAra pAyA jAtA hai / isa dhArAmeM una sabhI saMkhyAoMkA sambandha pAyA jAtA hai, jinakA dhanamUla niHzeSa rUpameM nikalatA hai / yathA 1,2 "na 11. aghanamAtakA isa dhArAmeM aisI saMkhyAe~ parigaNita haiM, jinakA dhanamUla karaNIgata hotA hai| yathA 3/mU +1 3 mU+2 3 mU+3 .............ca 12. dvi. pavargadhAra

Page #409
bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna 22,(22) isakA cauthA, pAMcavA, chaThA, pada kramazaH paNNadvi, vAdAla aura ekAda kahalAte haiN| aMka dvArA-(2)" = 65536, (2)31 - (65536)2 yA 4294967296, (2) = (4294967296) - 18446744073709551616 .....(na)na -na 13. dvirupadhanadhArA isa dhArAkramakI saMkhyAeM ghanakramase sammilita hai / yathA (2), (4), (9),""(na')3 / 14. dvirupadhanAdhanadhArA isa dhArA kA pahalA pada [(2)"]3......"[(4)].........."[(na3)] ' adaccheda yA adaccheda zalAkA bar3I saMkhyAoMko choTI yA laghu saMkhyAoMmeM abhivyakta karaneke lie jaina vicArakoMne arddhaccheda yA aDhacchedazalAkA kA upayoga kiyA hai / tiloyapaNNaci, dhavalATIkA, trilokasAra, gommaTasAra prabhUti granthoM meM isa granthakA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai / isa gaNita kriyAko nimnalikhita paribhASika zabdoMke vizleSaNa dvArA avagata kiyA jA sakatA hai| adaccheda-eka saMkhyA jitanI bAra uttarottara AdhI-AdhI kI jA sakatI hai, usa saMkhyAke utane accheda kahalAte haiN| yathA-1 - na abaccheda = lari na vargazalAkA-kisI saMkhyAke acchedoMke avaccheda usa saMkhyAkI vargazalAkA hotI hai / yathA-na ko vargazAlAkA - vaza na = ache-ache na = lari-lari na / trikeccheda-eka saMkhyA jitanI bAra tInase uttarottara vibhAjita kI jAtI hai, usake utane trikaccheda hote haiM / yathA-na ke trikaccheda -trikena - lari 3 na / caturthaccheda-eka saMkhyA jitanI bAra cArase vibhAjita kI jA sakatI hai, utane hI usa saMkhyAke caturthaccheda hote haiM / yayA-na ke caturthaccheda - bache na = lari 4 na / anuccheda gaNitako 'laghugaNaka' siddhAnta bhI kahA gayA hai| isa siddhAntakI maulikatA ke sambandhameM gaNitake prasiddha vidvAn DA0 avadhezanArAyaNasiMhane likhA hai-"saMskRta gaNita anthoMmeM isa prakArake laghugaNaka niyama nahIM milate haiN| merI dRSTise yaha sarvathA jainiyoM kA mAviSkAra thA aura unhoMne isakA prayoga bhI kiyA thaa|"2 bacchedoM dvArA rAzijJAna prApta karaneke siddhAntakA vivecana karate hue likhA hai"deya rAzi parivartita rAzi (Substituted) ke arbacchedoMkA iSTarAzi ke acchedoMmeM 1. trilokasAra gApA 53-66 tathA 77-88 taka 2. vargI-abhinandana-prantha, prakAzaka zrI varNI hIraka jayantI mahotsava simati, sAgara, pR049.|

Page #410
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 365 bhAga dene para jo labdhi Ave usakA abhISTa arddhaccheda rAzimeM bhAga denese labdha pramANa iSTa 1.9 yathArAziko rakhakara paraspara guNA karane para arddhacchedoMse rAzikA parijJAna hotA hai| deyarAzi - 2 isakA addhaccheda 1, iSTarAzi 16, isake arddhaccheda 4, abhISTa arddhaccheda 8 ataH 4 / 1 = 4, 8/4 - 2, 16 x 16 - 256 ATha a cchedoMkI ukta rAzi / guNya rAzike arddhacchedoMko guNAkAra rAzike addhacchedoMmeM jor3a dene para guNanaphala rAzike arddhaccheda Ate haiM / aMkagaNitake anusAra 16 guNyarAzi, 64 guNAkAra rAzi aura guNanaphala rAzi = 16 x 64 = 1024 / 16 guNyarAzi = (2) 4, guNAkAra 64 = (2) T, (2) * x (2)T = (2)deg = guNanaphala 1024 = (2) 10 na-ma ma ma (ka) = ka / 1. 2. ka = ka bhAjya rAzike arddhacchedo meM se bhAjakake arddhacchedoMko ghaTAnese bhAgyaphala rAzike arddhaccheda Ate haiM | aMkagaNitAnusAra bhAjya rAzi 256 bhAjaka 4 aura bhAgyaphala 64 hai / ataH 256 = (2)8, 4 = (2) 2, 64 = (2); (2) ^ (2) / +- = (2) T, bhAgyaphala rAzi 64 = (2)' / na na 1. ma na a a ma X ghAtAGkasiddhAnta (Law of Indices) ghAtAta siddhAntakA prayoga bar3I-bar3I saMkhyAoMko sUkSmatA aura saralatA se vyakta karane ke lie kiyA gayA hai / jaba kisI saMkhyAkA saMkhyAtulya ghAta kiyA jAtA hai, to use vargitasaMvargita saMkhyA kahA jAtA hai / yathA ( 2 ) 2. - 4 (2) 222 - 44 = 256 = ka 256 3. [ ( 2 ) 22 ] [ (2)+- 22] = 256 na+ma ma-na bha ma na a a a ma-na ma ka = kareM,kana / ka 1. diSNacchedeNavahidavUThThacchedehiM payadaviralaNaM majide / laddhamidaTTharAsINaSNoSNahadIe hodi payadadhaNaM // - gommaTasAra ( jIvakANDa) gAthA 214

Page #411
366 ma na 3. (3T) dhavalA TIkAmeM ukta siddhAnta' ke prayoga pAye jAte haiM / varga - saMvarga ke uparyukta (1, 2, 3) sakatA hai / bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna = mana a (na) = na na na na na (na) punaH saMvargita karane para - na na { } { na (na na gaNita siddhAntoMko nimna prakAra avagata kiyA jA = yaha saMkhyA 'na' kA tRtIyavAra varga saMvarga hai = 35 / Adhunika bIja gaNita meM ise ghAtAMka siddhAMta kahA gayA hai| jaina lekhakoMkI yaha apane samayakI maulika udbhAvanA hai / gati - siddhAnta gati gaNita (Applied Mathematics) ke antargata samAviSTha hai / tattvArthasUtra, sarvArthasiddhi aura tattvArtha rAjavAttikameM gatikA niyama varNita hai, yaha niyama pUrNataH nyUTana ke prathama gati niyamase aura aMzataH usake tRtIya niyamase samatA rakhatA hai / AcArya pUjyapAdane likhA hai - 'karmarUpI zaktise saMsArI prANI gatimAna hotA hai, usa zakti ke samApta ho jAne para bhI utpannagati ke kAraNa ( madAvezapUrvaka) prANI gatimAna rahatA hai, jaba taka vaha saMskAra naSTa nahIM ho jAtA 2 / Azaya yaha hai ki karmake nimittase yaha saMsArI prANI saMsArameM paribhramaNa karatA hai, usa prayogase jo saMskAra banatA hai, usake vazIbhUta huA yaha jIva karmake nimittake chUTa jAnepara bhI gamana karatA hai / isa niyamakI tulanA nyUTanake nimnalikhita niyamase kI jA sakatI hai 'pratyeka vastu apanI sthira yA sIdhI rekhAmeM gatimAna avasthAko taba taka banAe rakhegI, jaba taka koI bAharI lagAyA huA bala use apanI isa hAlata ko badalane ke lie prerita na kare / "3 nyUTanake samAna hI pUjyavAda aura akalaMkadeva ke gatiniyamako do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai 1. ghavalATIkA jilda 3, pR0 253 / 2. uparate'pi parasminpUrvaprayogAdA saMskArakSayAd bhramati evaM bhavasthena / tyanA'pavarga prAptaye bahuzoyatpraNidhAnaM tadabhAve'pi tadavezapUrvakaM yuktasya gayanayavasIyate / - sarvArthasiddhi 10 / 7 kI vRtti / 3. mAdhyamika bhautika vijJAna-prakAzaka- mADarna buka ejeMsI prAiveTa limiTeDa, kalakattA san 1964 / [navA~ saMskaraNa ] pR0 83 | 4. dravyasya bAdhyAntara sannivAne sati dezAntara prApti hetu: pariNAmo gatirityucyate / tatvArtharAjabAttika, jJAnapITha saMskaraNa 5 / 17 da0 460 /

Page #412
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 367 (a) yadi koI vastu virAmAvasthAmeM hai to vaha usI avasthAmeM rahanA cAhatI hai, jaba taka usapara bAhya balakA prayoga nahIM hotA hai / (A) yadi koI vastu samarUpase sIdhI rekhAmeM gamana karatI hai, to vaha taba taka isI avasthAmeM gamana karatI rahegI, jaba taka bAharI balakA prayoga nahIM hotaa| __saMsArI jIvako gati karmasaMskAravaza hotI hai, para jaba saMkAra naSTa ho jAtA hai aura bAhya bala dharma-adharma dravyakA abhAva rahatA hai, to gati ruka jAtI hai| jIva aura puGgaloMkI gati lokake madhyase lekara Upara, nIce aura tirmaka kramase sthita AkAza pradezoMkI paMktike anusAra hotI hai| gati niyamakA spaSTIkaraNa karaneke hetu vastukI jar3atAko sthitikA parijJAna Avazyaka hai / jar3atAke niyamake anusAra koI bhI vastu apanI pUrva avasthAko sthira rakhanekA prayatna karatI hai, cAhe vaha virAmAtmaka avasthA ho athavA sIdhI rekhAmeM samarUpa gatiko avasthA ho / prathama prayatnako virAmAtmaka jar3atA (Inertia of rest) aura dUsareko gatyAtmaka jar3atA (Inertia of motion) kahate haiM / udAharaNArtha yoM kahA jA sakatA hai ki yadi kisI Tebulake eka kinArepara koI pustaka rakhI ho to vaha Tebulake dUsare kinArepara svayaM nahIM jA pAtI, vaha apanI virAmAvasthAko banAye rakhatI hai| yadi vaha Tebulake dUsare kinArepara calI jAtI hai, to usake vahA~ pahu~cane ke kAraNoMkA patA lagAnepara jJAta hotA hai ki pustakako kisIne apane hAthase haTAyA hai, yA vaha vAyuke jhoMkese vahA~ pahu~ca gaI hai| isase spaSTa hai ki pustaka apanI virAmAvasthAmeM svayaM nahIM badalatI kintu kisI bAhya kAraNake dvArA usameM parivartana sambhava hotA hai / yaha niyama samasta nirjIva vastumeM pravRtta hai, bAhyakaraNake abhAvameM vastumeM gati nahIM hotI hai / bAhyakaraNakA dUsarA nAma bAharI bala hai, yahI vastuko gatizIla honeke lie prerita karatA hai / umAsvAmI, pUjyapAda aura akalaMkadevake anusAra vastukI gati usakI vaha rAzi hai, jo vastu kI mAtrA aura usake nega donoMse utpanna hotI hai| isakA mAna usa vastukI mAtrA aura vegake guNanaphala tulya hotA hai / bala = mAtrA x tvaraNa = Avegake parivartana kI dara / Avega = mAtrA x vega tvaraNa-eka samayameM vastuke vegameM jo parivartana hotA hai, use vastukA tvaraNa kahate haiN| Avegake parivartanako dara lagAye gaye balakA samAnupAtI hotI hai aura yaha usI dizAmeM kArya karatI hai, jisameM bala kArya karatA hai / mAna liyA ki kisI vastukI mAtrA = ma vastukA prArambhika vega vastukA antima vega maka-make

Page #413
368 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna AvegameM parivartana make - maka / parivartanameM lagA diyA ho to na-make - maka |+mke - maka na make-maka_ma (ke-ka) bala pa-yAna mAtrA tvaraNa virAtmaka aura gatyAtmaka jar3atAko sthiti sidi "gatipariNAminAM jIvapudgalAnAM gatyupagrahe kartavya dharmAstikAyaH, sAdhAraNazrayo jalavanmatsyagamane, tathA sthiti pariNAminAM jIvapudgalAnAM sthityupagrahe kartavya adharmAstikAyaH sAdhAraNAzrayaH / " arthAt gatimAna jIva aura pudgaloMkI gatimeM dharma dravya, sthitimAna jIva aura pudgaloMkI sthitimeM adharmadravya upakAraka hai| isa kathanase yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki vastuoMkI avasthA vizeSa bane / inakA koI bAhyakAraNa bhI hai, bAhyakAraNakA dUsarA nAma 'bala' hai, jo samAnupAtI hai, sthAnagata zakti (Potential energy) kA varNana yatvArtha sUtrake "gatizarIra parigrahAbhimAnato hInAH" 4 / 21 kI vyAkhyAmeM batAyA gayA hai "tataH parato jaghanyAsthitInAme kaikahInA bhUmayo yAvatutIyeti / gatapUrvAzca gamizyanti ca tRtIyAM devAH paratastu satyApi gativiSaye na gata pUrvA nApi gamiSyanti / mahAnubhAvakriyAtaH audAsInyAccoparyupAri devAna gatiratayo bhavanti / "2 jinakI gatikA viSaya bhUtakSetra tIsarI pRthvIse adhika hai ve, gamana zaktike rahanepara bhI vahAM taka gamana nahIM karate / na pUrva kAlameM kabhI gamana kiyA hai aura na bhaviSyameM kabhI kareMge / unakI gatiko batalAnekA artha kevala unakI kAryakSamatA batAnA hai| unakI zaktikA vyaya nahIM hotA, vaha kArya rUpameM pariNata nahIM hotI, para ve utanA kAma karanekA sAmarthya rakhate haiM / pariNAmoMko zubhatAke kAraNa ve idhara udhara jAnemeM udAsIna rahate haiN| uparyukta vaktavyase 'gati siddhAnta'meM nihita 'jar3atva' kA niyama abhivyakta hotA hai| 'bala' kA saMyoga na honese virAmAvasthA banI rahatI hai| yadyapi gamana zakti hai, para pravatti balake abhAvameM sambhava nhiiN| isa prakAra gatyAtmaka aura virAmAtmaka jar3atAkI siddhi hotI hai| prakAza siddhAnta ___jaina granthoMmeM prakAza zaktiko do bhAgoMmeM vibhakta kiyA jAtA hai-1. AtApa aura 2. udyota / ina donoMko pudgala dravyake paryAya mAnA hai| AtApake antargata sUryakA prakAza, agnikI rozanI aura bijalI battIkA prakAza grahaNa kiyA gayA hai aura udyotameM candramAkA 1. sarvArthasiddhi, jJAnapITha saMskaraNa 5 / 77, pR. 282 / 2. paM0 khUbacandra zAstrI dvArA sampAdita-tatvArthadhigamabhASya, bambaI 1932 I0, pR0 223 /

Page #414
jyotiSa evaM gaNita prakAza, ratnoMkI camaka evaM mahanIya vastukI AbhA parigaNita hai / AtApameM garma razmiyAM aura udyAtameM zItarazmiyAM nihita haiM / vAstavameM prakAza eka prakArakA UrjA (Energy) hai / prakAza srota UrjA vikIrNa karatA hai aura isa UrjAkA kucha bhAga, jo A~khoMpara prabhAva DAlatA hai, prakAza kahalAtA hai / prakAzake UrjA hone ke kAraNa usakA mApana bhI ikAiyoMmeM sambhava hotA hai| AcArya akalaMka devane prakAzake AvaraNabhata zarIrako chAyA batAyA hai / chAyAke do bheda haiM tadvarNa pariNata chAyA aura pratibimba / darpaNa Adi svaccha dravyoMmeM Adarzake raMga AdikI taraha mukhAdikA dikhAnA tadvarNa pariNata chAyA kahalAtI hai / AjakalakI bhASAmeM yo kahA jA sakatA hai ki yadi kisI srotase apasArI kiraNeM (Divergent Rays) eka prijma (Prism) para par3atI haiM to prijmase nikalane ke bAda unakA apasaraNa (Divergence) parivartita ho jAtA hai / kevala eka prijmase varNa vikSepaNa honeke sAtha hI kiraNe vicalita bhI ho jAtI hai arthAt ve AyatanakI dizAse bhinna dizAmeM jAtI hai / prakAza kiraNoMkI dizA sadaiva bAyoMse dAhinI ora hotI hai|' akalaMka devake prakAza siddhAnta "prAGamukhasya pratyaGamukhA chAyA dRzyate iti ? prasannadravyapariNAma vizeSAdbhavati"-prasanna dravyake pariNamana vizeSase pUrvamukha padArthako pazcimamukhI chAyA par3atI hai se jJAta hotA hai ki prakAzakI anudairya aura anuprastha ina donoM gatiyoMkA unheM parijJAna thaa| anudairya anuprastha plAvamAna siddhAnta ___ jalake Upara santaraNazIla vastuoM aura unakI saMtaraNa gatikA varNana bhI jaina gaNitajJoMne kiyA hai / yadyapi ina varNanoMkA uddezya zuddha gaNitake siddhAntoMkA nirUpaNa karanA nahIM haiM, para prasaMgavaza isa prakArake tathya A gae haiN| kumudacandrane kalyANamandira strotameM vAyupUrita masakake jalameM saMtaraNa karane kA ullekha kiyA hai| tvaMtArako jina ! kathaM bhavinAM ta evatvAmudvahanti hRdayena yaduttarantaH / yadvA dRtistarAti yajjalameSa nUnamantargatasya marutaH sa kilAnubhAyaH // -kalyANa mandira padya 10 santaraNa siddhAnta taraMga niyama (Wave theory) para avalambita haiM / gaNitakI dRSTise taraMgoMkI gati caMcala vakra rekhA (AvarNa karatI huI) ke rUpameM hotI hai / isakI 1. Atapa uSNa prakAzalakSaNaH-Atapa Adityanimitta uSNaprakAzalakSaNaH pudglprinnaamH| udyotaiJcandramaNikhadyotAdiviSayaH-candramaNikhadyotAdInAM prakAza udyoga udyate / tatvArtha rAjavArtika, jJAnapITha saMskaraNa 5 / 24 / 18-19 2, vahI, 5 / 24 / 17, pR0 489 / 47

Page #415
bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna kriyAoMkI vyAkhyA bhI anudAnake niyamoMpara AdhArita hai| vastu + vAyubhAra + jalataraMgasaMtAraNazIla vastu vega / isa vegakA Anayana _ vAyubhAra 4 vastu X jalataraMga taraMgavega = ka = taragavana, bAhya kriyAoMkA prabhAva isa gaNitakA Anayana prakAza-saMcAraNake siddhAntake samAna hI kiyA jAtA hai| vitata bhinna siddhAnta jaina lekhakoMne bhinnake vividha rUpoMkA prayoga IsvI sankI Arambhika zatAbdiyoMmeM ho kiyA hai / 'dhavalA' tIsarI jildameM bhinnake kaI rocaka niyama upalabdha hote haiM, jo anya gaNita granthoMmeM nahIM hai| na ka (1) nana/pa) = na = (2) damaba - (kA) - 1(kAko (3) yadi 8 kAtathA ke, ____ to- da (ka - ke) + me = ma a ghavalA TIkAmeM karaNIgata vagita rAziyoMke vargamUlake AnayatameM vitata bhinnakA bahuta sundara prayoga kiyA gayA hai / yathA ____ "asaMkhejjabhAgakahiyasavvasajIvarAsiNA taduvarimavagge bhAge hide kibhAgacchadi ! asaMkhejjamAgahINa savvajIvarAsI Agacchadi / ukkassa asaMkhejjAsaikhejjabhAgavyahiya savvajIva rAsiNA taduvarimavagge bhAge hide kimAgacchadi ! jahaNNaya sittANaMta bhAga hoNasavvajIvarAsI Agacchadi / aNaMtabhAgammahiya savvajIvarAsiNA taduvarimavagge bhAge hide kibhAgacchadi ! aNaMtabhAgahINasavvajIvarAsI Agacchadi / samvatthakAraNaM yugvaM ca vaktavvaM / ettha uvajjatIo . gAhAmao avahAravaDhirUvANavahArAdo hu laddha avhaaro| rUvahio hANIe hIdi hU~ vaDDhIe vivriido|| avahAraviseseNa ya chiNNavahArAdu lddhruvo| rUkAhiya UNA vi ya avahAro hANivaDDhINaM / laDhavisesacchiNNaM laddhaM rUvAhiUNa yaM caaNbi| avahAra hAmi vaDDhINavahAro so muNeyavvo / / -dhavalA 3 jilda, pR0 45-46

Page #416
jyotiSa evaM gaNita arthAt-asaMkhyAtavA bhAga adhika sampUrNa jIvarAzikA sampUrNa jIvarAzike upakti varga meM bhAga denepara asaMkhyAtavoM bhAgahIna sampUrNa jIvarAzi AtI hai / utkRSTa asaMkhyAtA saMkhyAtavA~ bhAga adhika sampUrNa jIvarAzikA sampUrNa jIvarAzike uparima vargameM bhAga denepara jaghanya parItAnantavA~ bhAgahona sampUrNa jIvarAzi Ato hai / anantavA~ bhAga adhika sampUrNa jovarAzikA sampUrNa jIvarAzike uparima varga meM bhAga denese anantavA bhAgahIna sampUrNa jIvarAzi AtI hai| ___ uparyukta rAziyoMke Anayana kI prakriyA vitata bhinna kI hai| isa bhinnakI saMsRti dvArA uparyukta rAziyAM nikAlI jA sakatI haiN| vIrasenAcAryane isa saMdarbha meM prAcIna gAthAe~ uddhRta kara vitata bhinnakI saMsRti para prakAza DAlA hai| ukta sandarbhase bhinna sUtra niSpakSa hote haiM-1. bhAgahArameM usIke vRddhi rUpa aMzake rahanepara bhAga denese jo labdha bhAgadAra AtA hai, vaha hAnimeM rUpAdhika aura vRddhi meM isake viparIta rUpahIna hotA hai / 2. bhAgadAra vizeSase bhAgadArake chinnabhAjita karanepara jo saMkhyA AtI hai, use rUpAdhika athavA rUpanyUna kara denepara vaha kramase hAni aura vRddhikA bhAgahAra hotI hai| 3. labdha vizeSase labdhako chinna-bhAjita karanepara jo saMkhyA utpanna ho, usameMse eka adhika yA eka kama kara denepara vaha kramase bhAgahArakI hAni aura vRddhikA pramANa hotA haiN| pUrvokta samIkaraNake anantaraH-- to - a ---- ba + sa - aura + 9 - yAda yadi 27 - --kaaura . ba --ka+sa, sa - 1 to -ba hoe aura yadi sa+ . -1, al -sa to baba+ sa+ -1 bhAratIya gaNitameM isa bhinnakA vyavasthita rUpa bhAskarAcArya meM milatA hai / Aryamaya aura brahmaguptake granthoMmeM isa siddhAMtake kevala bIja sUtra hI upalabdha hote haiM / dhavalAmeM uddhRta prAcIna gAthAe~ isa siddhAntakI prAcInatApara prakAza DAlatI hai| vartamAna gaNitajJoMmeM isa bhinnake AviSkArakA zreya iTAliyana gaNitajJa miTro enaToniyA kATAlaDI ko hai, isakI mutyu

Page #417
372 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna I0 san 1626 meM huI hai / isake vargamUla kriyAke lie vitata bhinnakA upayoga kiyA hai / yathA 1/28 = 5 +3+3+3+ +3+3+3........... ukta Avarta vitata bhinna rUpa hai / I0 san 1579 ke vidvAn rAkelo vAmbolIke bIja gaNitameM bhI isa bhinnakA nirdeza milatA hai / Deniyala-zvInaTarane 1585-1636 I0 meM Geometrica Practica meM isa bhinnakA upayoga kiNa hai| lArDa brAnakarake nimnalikhita samIkaraNameM bhI isa bhinnakA svarUpa pAyA jAtA hai isa samIkaraNakA AdhAra vAlisa (wallis) kA nimna siddhAMta hai A 33557799 h 2446.688 ..... vAlisane pATI gaNitake niyamoMmeM vitata bhinnakI saMsRtiyAM aMkita kI haiN| vAstavameM nissIma rAziyoMke Anyanake lie isa bhinnakA upayoga kiyA jAtA hai / kSetramiti sambandho avadhAraNAeM kSetramiti yA pAToya jyAmitike sambandhameM jaina lekhakoMkI aneka maulika udbhAvanAeM milatI hai| SaT khaNDAgamakI dhavalA TIkAke kSetrAnugama, tiyoyapa'NNatti evaM trilokasAra Adi granthoM meM kSetramiti sambandhI siddhAMtoMkA varNana AyA hai| grIka siddhAMtoMko apekSA ina siddhAMtoMmeM kaI vizeSatAeM nihita haiM / grIkone bhuja aura koNako apekSAse tribhujoMke chaH bheda mAne haiM, para mahAvIrAcAryane gaNitasAra saMgrahameM kevala bhujAkI apekSAse tribhujake tIna hI bheda pAye jAte haiM / samakoNakA gaNita avazya hai para koNApeza yA tribhujoMke bheda-prabhedoMkA ullekha nahIM hai / kSetraphala do prakArakA batAyA hai-1. vyAvahArika prayojanoMkI siddhike hetu anumAnataH phala pratipAdaka aura sUkSma rUpase zuddhaphala pratipAdaka / tribhujakA kSetraphala = sa 1 sa2 = (sa - ba) 43 aura la-/a-sara 1 athavA /ba-sa22 hotA hai sa 1. vizeSa jAnaneke lie dekheM-pro. zrI lakSmIcandra jaina ema. esa. sI. dvArA likhita __"tiloyapaNNatti gaNita" prakAzaka jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, solapura, san 1958 I0. 2. kSetraM jinapraNItaM phalAzrayadvayAvadArika sUkSmamiti / bhedAd dviSA vicintya vyavahAra spaSTametadabhidhAsye / / -gaNitasAra saMgraha, zolApura saMskaraNa kSetra gaNita pa. 2, pR0 181 /

Page #418
37. jyotiSa evaM gaNita tribhuja a. sa1 sa sA athavA kSetraphala = /ya (ya - a) (ya - ba) (ya-sa), yahA~ ya bhujAoMke yogakI Adho rAzi hai aura a, ba, sa, tribhujako bhujAe~ hai / gaNitasAra saMgrahameM tribhujako Properties kA pUrA vivecana AyA hai| udAharaNArtha a ba sa saka vattagata tribhuja hai aura a I usakA lamba hai, to vattake vyAsake lie nimna. likhita sUtra prayukta hotA hai| vyAsa = 4 = a ba + basa yahAM jJAtavya hai ki vyApIya tribhujoM aura caturbhujoMke patara (Plane) tribhuja aura caturbhujoMke niyama vyavahRta kie gae haiM / hAthI dAMtakA kSetraphala evaM sUcyAkAra kSetroMke kSetraphala AnayanameM maulika pratibhAke darzana hote haiM / gaNitasAra saMgrahameM [1] varga [2] Ayata (3) dvisama caturbhuja aura (4) trisama caturbhuja aura (5) viSama caturbhuja, isa prakAra pAMca tarahake caturbhujoMkA ullekha milatA hai| sAmAnyataH caturbhuja kSetraphala nimna prakAra siddha hotA hai / a ba sa da caturbhujake a ba = a, ba sa = ba, sa da = sa, ada-da isa sthitimeM sthUla phala = a + sa - ba+da 2 yahA~ yaha smaraNIya hai ki ukta phala tabhI ThIka hogA, jaba caturbhuja varga yA Ayata ho / anya sthitiyoMmeM ukta phala bhrAmaka bhI ho sakatA hai / sUkSma mAnake lie nimna sUtra upalabdha haiM :(1) catukSetra = V(sa-a) (sa-ba) (sa-se) (sa-da); yahA~ sa = parimitikI arddharAzi tathA aba sa da bhujAoMke mApa haiN| (2) catukSetra - (va+da)

Page #419
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna caturbhujake koMke liekarNa - V (a sa + ba da) (a ba + sa da) ada+ba sa a - /(a sa + ba da) (a ba + sada) aba+sada bhAratIya gaNita paramparAmeM mahAvIrAcArya hI ekamAtra aise gaNitAcArya haiM, jinhoMne antargata (Re-entrant) caturbhujoMkA gaNita nibaddha kiyA hai / ' vRttAntargata caturbhujakA ullekha atyanta vistArake sAtha prApta hotA hai / rimita abhapArAmata vyAsa = kSetra -Isocesiles Trapezilum ke sambandhameM trilokasArameM tIna niyama upalabdha hote haiM / (1) kSetraphala = 1 la (a + ba) jahA~ a, ba samAnAntara bhRjAoM ke mApa haiM, vahAM inheM evaM AdhAra aura mukha ko bhujAeM mAnA jAyagA / samalamba caturbhuja ke lie yaha niyama satya hai / (2) ba kI hAni yA a kI vRddhi a-ba- ke anusAra hotI hai| (3) kisI UMcAI la para samAnAntara bhujA ke mApa ko nikAlane kA niyama b-a| mahAvIrAcAryane gaNitasAra saMgrahameM kisI tribhuja caturbhuja aura vRttako samAnupAtI kSetrameM vibhakta karane ke niyama bhI nibaddha kiye haiN| udAharaNArtha eka niyama prastuta kiyA jAtA hai| 1. AyatavRtta-kSetra gaNitamAra 7 / 62 pR0 196, bahizcakravAlavRtta kSetra antazcakravAlavRtta kSetrake niyama 7 / 674 pR0 197 2. vahI 784, 85 pR0 202-203 3. muhabhUmINa visese udayahide bhUmuhAdu hANicayaM / jogadale padaguNide phalaM dhaNo vedha guNidaphalaM |-triloksaar gAthA 114 4. khaMDayutibhaktatalamukhakRtyantara guNita khaMDamukhavargayutam / mUlamaghastalamukhayutadala hRtalabdhaM ca lambakaH kramazaH / / gaNitasAra saMgraha 7 / 1754 0 234

Page #420
jyotiSa evaM gaNita FF----- ------ --- --- - bhaA ## - - / ca cha ja jha do barAbara bhujAoMkA caturbhuja hai aura i pha, ga ha tathA ka la rekhAeM caturbhujako isa taraha vibhAjita karatI haiM ki vibhAjita bhAga kSetraphalake sambandhameM kramazaH ma na pakha ke anupAtameM ghaTita hote haiM / ca cha = a, cha ja = da, ja jha = sa, jha ca = ba, ataeva da -bara i pha=NE -xma+ba'; ma+na+ +kha gaha = Vda - bare -x (ma + na) + ba2, ma+na+pa+kha kala ka la = x (ma + na + pa) +4' ityAdi kramase Age bhI kriyA kI jA sakatI hai| . bha+na+pa+kha ipha+ca pha (a+da+ba) mA ma+na+pa+kha iga iga gaha+ipha 2 (a + daba )x ma+na+pa maka- - ka la + ga ha ityAdi

Page #421
176 TE ca cha (khaja + cajha) ca i (ipha + cajha) parantu cacha (chaja + cajha ) cai (ipha + cajha) 2 2 (ja) 2 - (caja) - (ipha) - cata .. (ipha) aura ipha - chaja + ca za ipha + ca pha butakSetra bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna ma - chaja ma (chaja ma + na + pa + kha - cala 2 - pa+sa tulanAtmaka kamI ma+na+pa + kha ma ma + na + pa + kha ma - [vi] vyAsa = da = | cakSa = pada [ i ] paridhi = pa [ii] kSetraphala = a = [iii] jISA = pa [iv] vRtta khaNDakA cApa = a V6 u + [ v ] u = I (ya - V2 - 12) = 3 6 + (ca) X ma + ba vRttakSetrakA gaNita tattvArthasUtra, sarvArthasiddhi, tattvArtharAjyAtika, trilokasAra, ghavalA - TIkA, triloyapaNatti evaM gaNitasAra saMgraha meM vistArapUrvaka AyA hai / granthakAroMne zuddhatama rUpameM nikAlanekA prayAsa kiyA hai| yahAM katipaya sUtra kiyA jAvegA / pAIkA mAna jaina denekA hI prayAsa (ura + / 10 sa da = vyAsa - para - ba ma+na+pa + kha / 4u (da - u ); u = cApa kI UMcAI / = 10 yaha mAna grIsa dezIya mAnase prathama dazamalava bindu taka milatA hai / 10 = 3*162 } tIna dazamalaba bindu taka T = 3142 20 02 3.142 3142 paridhike lie - / 1082 = da / 10 yaha Adhunika niyama ke tulya hai / SaT khaNDAgamakI dhavalA TIkAmeM vyA0 x 16 + 16 113 pariSi ho isakI prAcInatA vyakta karatI hai / C - x ma + bare; = atyalpa kamI hai / + 3 vyA0 yaha niyama sthUla hai aura isakI sthUlatA

Page #422
377 370 jyotiSa evaM gaNita kSetraphalake lie trilokasAra (gAthA 762) meMa%3 (+ vyA) u; yaha mAna sUkSma hai / cApa = V4u (byA - u) -yaha niyama Ajakala bhI pracalita hai / jIvAke lie trilokasAra (gAthA 766) meM batAyA hai jIvA = VbANa2 - 6u cApake lie niyama(i) cApa = V 6 u +12 (2) (ii) cApa = 4 u (u+ 1 trilokasArake niyamoMke adhyayanase aisA pratIta hotA hai ki AcAryane cApArgha jIvA aura cApAmeM kisI prakArakA anupAtita sambandha prApta kiyA hai cApArgha jIvA = / +u dvitIya kalpanA bhI sambhava haiardha paridhi - /10 vyAsAI - 1.vyA* N -/6 vyAsAddha + 4 vyAsAdara trilokasArameM vyAsArddhake sambandhameM eka samIkaraNa upalabdha hotA hai / yathAvyAsAddha = 1-sa -usa vRttakA vyAsAddha hai, jo sa bhujIya varga ke barAbara hai| ataeva ga = (16) / gaNitasAra saMgrahameM vRtta sambandhI gaNitakA paryApta vistAra milatA hai / isameM parasparameM sparza karanevAle tIna aura cAra barAbara vRttoMke bIcakA kSetra nikAlA gayA hai / yathA(i) C+Cg + h , bAdhya vRtta paridhi C, antaHvRtta paridhi (ii) Cy + Cg xh /P. " caur3AI CH + Cy xh = (2Pr, + 2rry) (r, - r) 1. te NavasoDasa mAjidAvaDheM-trilokasAra gAthA 18 2. viSkamyavargarAzervRttasyakasya sUkSmaphalam / tyaktvA samavRttAnAmantarajaphalaM caturNA syAta // gaNitasAra, 71823 pR. 201 48

Page #423
378 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna " (F12 - 1.2) jaba 11 = bAdhyavRtta vyAsAda rh = anta vRtta vyAsAI UTATA (Ellipse) gaNitasAra saMgrahameM Ayata vRttakA kSetraphala' = 2 a b+b' / a = Semi major axis b = Semi minor axis aura paridhike lie 4a + 2b / jaina granthoMmeM dvidhA vistRta kSetra aura dvidhAvistRta kSetroMkA varNana bhI milatA hai| ina kSetroMke gaNita aura parimitiyAM bhI varNita haiM / dhanatrayasra-Triangular Pyramid ghana caturana-Cube ghanAyata - Rectagular Parallelopiped ghanavRtta-Sphere dhana parimaNDala-Elliptic Cylinder ina samasta kSetroMkA gaNita bhI gaNitasAra saMgrahameM diyA gayA hai| zaMkha, mRdaMga, zaMku, bhavakAra, paNavAkAra evaM vajrAkAra kSetroMke kSetraphala bhI diye gaye haiN| isa prakAra jainAcAryoMne gaNita sambandhI aneka maulika udbhAvanAeM kI hai| janyavyavahAra aura paizAcika vyavahAra gaNita kalpanA para Azrita hai / boja saMkhyAoMke varga, vargAntara, lamba, bhuja-saMracanA, karNa evaM kSetra-parivartana sambandhI aneka siddhAnta ukta gaNita niyamoMmeM Aye hai| inapara pRthak prakAza DAlanA hI upayukta hogaa| 1. vahI 773-64 pR. 196

Page #424
jaina gaNita kA mahatva bhagavAn mahAvIra kI vANI prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga ora dravyAnuyoga, ina cAra anuyogoM meM vibhAjita hai| karaNAnuyoga meM alaukika aura laukika gaNita-zAstra sambandhita tattvoM kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai / prastuta nibandha meM kevala laukika gaNita para hI prakAza DAlA jaayegaa| laukika jaina gaNita kI maulikatA aura mahattA ke sambandha meM aneka vidvAnoM ne apane vicAra prakaTa kiye haiN| bhAratIya gaNita-zAstra para dRSTipAta karate hue DaoN0 hIrAlAla kApar3iyAne 'gaNita-tilaka' kI bhUmikA meM likhA hai "In this connection it may be added that the Indian in general and the jains in Particular have not been behind any nation in Paying due attention to this subject. This is borne out by Ganita Sarsangraha (V.I. 15) of Mahaviracharya (850.A.D.) of the Southern School of Mathematics. There in the Points out thc usefulness of mathematics or the Scince of Calculation regarding the study of various Subjects like music, logic, drama, medicine, architecture, cookery, prosody, grammar, Pocties, erotis etc." ina paMktiyoMse spaSTa hai ki jainAcAryone kevala dhArmikonnatimeM hI jaina gaNitakA upayoga nahIM kiyA, balki aneka vyAvahArika samasyAoMko sulajhAneke liye isa zAstrakA praNayana kiyA hai / bhAratIya gaNitake vikAsa evaM pracAra meM jainAcAryoMkA pradhAna hAtha rahA hai / jisa samaya gaNitakA prArambhika rUpa thA, usa samaya jainoMne aneka bIjagaNita evaM mensurezana sambandha samasyAoMko hala kiyA thaa| ___ DaoN0 jI0 thIbo (Dr. G. Thibaut) sAhabane jaina gaNitakI prazaMsA karate hue apane "Astrologie ond Mathematik" zIrSaka nibandhameM sUryaprajJaptike sambandhameM likhA hai "This work must have been composed before the greeks came to India' as there is no trace of greek influence in it." isase spaSTa hai ki jaina gaNitakA vikAsa grIkoMke Agamanake pUrva hI ho gayA thaa| Apane Age calakara isI nibandha meM batAyA hai ki jaina gaNita aura jaina jyotiSa IsvI sanase 500 varSa pUrva aMkurita hI nahIM, apitu pallavita aura puSpita bhI the| pro0 vebara (weder) ne inDiyana enTIkvairI nAmaka patra meM apane eka nibandha meM batalAyA hai ki jainoMkA 'sUryaprajJapti' nAmaka grantha atyanta mahatvapUrNa gaNita-anya hai / vedAGga jyotiSake samAna kevala dhArmika kRtyoMke sampAdanake liye hI isakI racanA nahIM huI hai, balki isake dvArA jyotiSakI aneka samasyAoMkI sulajhA kara jainAcAryoMne apanI prakhara pratibhAkA paricaya diyA hai|

Page #425
38. bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna ___ maithika sosAiTI ke janarala meM DaoN0 zyAmazAstrI, pro0 ema0 vinTaranitsa, pro0 eca0 bI0 glAsanepa aura DaoN0 sukumAraraMjana dAsa ne jaina gaNita kI aneka vizeSatAeM svIkAra kI hai| DaoN0 bI0 datta ne kalakattA maithemeTikala sosAiTI se prakAzita bosaveM buleTina meM apane nibandha "On Mahvira's Solutions of Ratinal Triangles and Quadrilaterals" meM mukhya rUpase mahAvIrAcAryake tribhuja evaM caturbhujake gaNitakA vizleSaNa kiyA hai / hameM jainAgamoMmeM yatra-tatra bikhare hue gaNitasUtra milate haiM / ina sUtroMmeM se kitane hI sUtra apanI nijI vizeSatAke sAtha vAsanAgata sUkSmatA bhI rakhate haiM / prAcIna gaNitasUtroMmeM aise bhI kaI niyama haiM, jinheM hindU gaNitajJa 14 vIM aura 15vIM zatAbdIke bAda vyavahArameM lAye haiM / gaNitazAstrake saMsthA sambandhI itihAsake Upara dRSTipAta karanese yaha bhalIbhAMti avagata ho jAtA hai ki prAcIna bhAratameM saMkhyA likhaneke aneka kAyade the-jaise vastuoMke nAma, vargamAlAke nAma, Deniza DhaMgake saMkhyA nAma, muhAvaroMke saMkSipta nAma / aura bhI kaI prakArake vizeSa cihnoM dvArA saMkhyAe~ likhI jAtI thiiN|' jaina gaNitake phuTakara niyamoMmeM uparyukta niyamoMke atirikta dAzamika kramake anusAra saMkhyA likhanekA bhI prakAra milatA hai| jaina gaNita anyoMmeM akSara saMkhyA kI rItike anusAra dazamalava aura pUrva saMkhyAeM bhI likhI huI milatI haiM / ina saMkhyAoM kA sthAna-mAna bAI orase liyA gayA hai| zrIgharAcArya kI jyotirzAna vidhimeM AryabhaTTake saMsthAkramase bhinna saMkhyAkrama liyA gayA hai| isa granthameM prAyaH aba taka ke upalabdha sabhI saMkhyAkrama likhe hue milate haiM / hameM varAhamihira viracita "bRhatsaMhitA" kI bhaTTotpalI TIkAmeM bhadrabAhu kI sUryaprajJapti-TIkAke kucha avataraNa mile haiM / jinameM gaNita sambandhI sUkSmatAoM ke sAtha saMkhyA likhaneke sabhI vyavahAra kAma meM lAye maye hai / bhaTTotpalane RSiputra, bhadrabAhu aura garga (vRddha garga) ina tIna jainAcAryoMke paryApta vacana uddhRta kiye haiM / isase spaSTa siddha hotA hai ki bhaTTotpalake samayameM jaina gaNita bahuta prasiddha rahA thA, anyathA ve ina AcAryoMkA itane vistArake sAtha svapakSakI puSTike liye ullekha nahIM karate / anuyoga dvArake 142veM sUtrameM dazamalava kramake anusAra saMkhyA likhI huI milatI hai| jaina zAstroMmeM jA kor3Akor3IkA kathana kiyA gayA hai, vaha vargikakramase saMkhyAe~ likhaneke kramakA botaka hai / jainAcAryone saMkhyAoMke 29 sthAna taka batAye haiM / 1 kA sthAna nahIM mAnA hai, kyoMki 1 saMkhyA nahIM hai| anuyogadvArake 146 veM sUtrameM isIko spaSTa karate hue likhA hai-"se kiM taM gaNaNAsaMkhA? ekko gaNaNaM na uvai, duSpabhii sNkhaa"| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki jaba hama eka vartana yA vastuko dekhate haiM, to sirpha eka vastu yA vartana, aisA hI vyavahAra hotA hai, gaNanA nahIM hotii| isIko maladhArI hemarandrane likhA hai-"Thus the Jainas begin with Two and, of course, with the highest possible type of infinity." jaina gaNitazAstrakI mahAnatAke dyotaka phuTakara gaNitasUtroMke atirikta svatantra bhI kaI gaNita-grantha hai| inameM trailokyaprakAza, gaNitazAstra (zreSThacandra), gaNita sAThasau 1. saMsthA sambandhI vizeSa itihAsa jAna ke liye dekhiye 'gaNita kA itihAsa' prathama bhAga 10 2-54

Page #426
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 381 (mahimodaya), gaNitasAra, gaNitasUtra (mahAvIrAcArya), lIlAvatI kannar3a (kavi rAjakuMvara), lIlAvatI kannar3a (AcArya nemicandra) evaM gaNitasAra (zrIdhara)Adi grantha pradhAna haiN| abhI hAlameM hI zrIdharAcAryakA jo gaNitasAra upalabdha huA hai, vaha atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai| pahale mujhe sandeha thA ki kahIM yaha ajaina grantha to nahIM hai, para idhara jo pramANa upalabdha hue haiM unake AdhAra se yaha sandeha bahuta kucha dUra ho gayA hai / eka sabase prabala pramANa yaha upalabdha huA ki mahAvIrAcAryake gaNitasAra meM "dhanaM dhanarNayorvargo mUle svarNe tayoH kramAt ! RNaM svarUpato'vargo yatastastasmAnna tatpadam'-yaha zloka zrIdharAcAryake gaNitasArakA hai / isase yaha jainAcArya mahAvIrAcAryase pUrvavartI pratIta hote haiM / zrIpatike 'gaNitatilaka' para siMhatilaka sUrine eka vRtti likhI hai / isa vRttimeM zrIdharake gaNitasArake aneka uddharaNa diye gaye haiM / isa vRtti kI lekhana-zailI jaina gaNitake anusAra hai; kyoMki sUrijIne jaina gaNitoMke uddharaNoMko apanI vRttimeM dUdha-pAnIkI taraha milA diyA hai / jo ho, itanA avazya kahA jA sakatA hai ki jainoMmeM zrIdharake gaNitasArako paThana-pAThana praNAlI avazya rahI thii| zrIdharAcAryakI jyotiAnavidhiko dekhanese bhI yahI pratIta hotA hai ki ina donoM granthoMke kartA eka hI hai / isa gaNitazAstrake pATIgaNita, triMzatikA aura gaNitasAra bhI nAma batAe gaye haiN| isameM abhinna guNana, bhAgahAra, varga, vargamUla, ghana, ghanamUla, bhinna-samaccheda, bhAgajAti, prabhAgajAti, bhAgAnubandha, bhAgamAtRjAti, pairAzika, paMcarAzika, saptarAzika, navarAzika , bhANDa-pratibhANDa, mizravyavahAra, bhAvyakavyavahAra, ekapatrIkaraNa , suvarNagaNita, prakSepakagaNita, samakrayavikrayagaNita , zreNIvyavahAra evaM chAyAvyavahArake gaNita udAharaNa sahita batalAye gaye haiM / sudhAkara dvivedI jaise prakANDa gaNitAne inako prazaMsA karate hue likhA hai "bhAskareNA'syAne ke prakArAstaskaravadapahRtAH / aho asya suprasiddhasya bhAskarAdito'pi prAcInasya viduSo'nyakRtidarzanamantarA samaye mahAn saMzayaH / prAcInA ekazAstramA kavedino nAsan te ca bahuzrutA bahuviSayavettAra Asanna na sNshyH|" isase spasTa hai ki yaha gaNitajJa bhAskarAcAryake pUrvavartI prakANDa vidvAn the / svatantra racanAoMke atirikta jainAcAryone aneka ajaina granthoM para vRttiyA~ bhI likhI hai / siMhatilaka sUrine 'lIlAvatIke' Upara bhI eka bar3I vRtti likhI hai / inakI ekAdha svatantra racanA gaNita sambandhI bhI honI caahiye| laukika jaina gaNitako aMkagaNita, rekhAgaNita, aura bIjagaNita ina tIna bhAgoMmeM vibhakta kara vicAra karanekI ceSTAkI jaayegii| jaina aMkagaNita-isameM pradhAnatayA aMka sambandhI jor3a, bAkI, guNA, bhAga, varga, vargamUla, dhana aura ghanamUla, ina ATha parikoM kA samAveza hotA hai / bhAratIya gaNitameM ukta bATha parikarmoM kA praNayana jainAcAryoM kA ati prAcIna hai| AryabhaTTa, brahmagupta aura bhAskara mAdi jainetara gaNitajJoMne bhI uparyukta parikarmASTakoM ke sambandha vicAra-vinimaya kiyA hai, kintu jainAcAryoke parikarmoM meM aneka vizeSAtAeM haiM / gaNitasaMgraha kI aMgrejI bhUmikAmeM DeviDa yUpIna smitha (David Eugine Smith) likhate hai-"The shadaw Problems, Primitive cases of trignoretry and gnomonits, suggess a similarity

Page #427
382 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM na vAGmayakA avadAna amongss these three great writers, and yet those of mahavirachaya art much belter then the one to be found in either Brahmagupta or Bhaskara. ina paMktiyoMmeM vidvAn lekhakane mahAvIrAcArya kI vizeSatA ko svIkAra kiyA hai| mahAvIrAcAryane varga karane kI aneka rItiyAM batalAI hai| inameM nimnalikhita maulika aura ullekhanIya haiM-"antya' aMkakA varga karake rakhanA, phira jisakA varga kiyA hai usI aMka ko dUnA karake zeSa aMkose guNA karake rakhanA, phira jisakA varga kiyA hai usI aMka ko dUnA karake zeSa aMkoMse guNAkara eka aMka Age haTAkara rakhanA / isa prakAra anta taka varga karake jor3a denese iSTarAzi kA varga ho jAtA hai " udAharaNa keliye 132 kA varga karanA hai 142 = 2, 243 = 142 = 2,242 = (32)342 = 6,6 (22) = isa varga karane ke niyamameM upapatti (vAsanA) antanihita hai, kyoMki maiM = (ka + ga)2 . = (ka + ga) (ka + ga) = ka (ka + ga)+ga (ka + ga) = ka + ka ga + ka ga + gii| = ka + 2 ka . gare / uparyukta rAzimeM antya akSara (ka) kA varga karake gaNita akSara (ka) ko dUnA karake Age vAle akSara (ga) se guNA kiyA gayA hai tathA Adi akSara (ga) kA varga karake sabako jor3a diyA gayA hai / isa prakAra uparyukta sUtrameM bIjagaNita gata vAsanA bhI sannibaddha hai / mahAvIrAcArya ke uttaravartI gaNitajJoM para isa sUtra kA atyanta prabhAva par3A hai| isI prakAra "antyaujAdapahRtakRtimUlena" ityAdi vargamUla nikAlane vAlA sUtra bhI jainAcAryokI nijI vizeSatA hai / yadyapi Ajakala guNA, bhAgake bhayase gaNitajJa loga isa sUtra ko kAmameM nahIM lAte haiM, tathApi bIjagaNitameM isake binA kAma nahIM cala sktaa| ghana aura ghanamUla nikAlane vAle sUtroMmeM vAsanA sambandhI nimna vizeSatA pAyI jAtI hai a. a. a = a (a + ba) (a - ba) + ba (a - ba) + 2 = a / isa niyamase bojagaNitameM ghanamUla nikAlanemeM bahuta saralatA rahatI hai| Aja vaijJAnika yugameM jisa phAramulA (Formula) ko bahuta parizramake bAda gaNitajJoMne prApta kiyA hai, usI ko jaina gaNitajJa saikar3oM varSa pahalese jAnate the / vartamAnameM jina varga aura ghana sambandhI bAtoM kI gUr3ha samasyAoM ko kevala bIjagaNita dvArA sulajhAyA jAtA hai unhIM ko jainAcAryone aMkagaNitake mAdhyamase saralatApUrvaka hala kiyA hai / inake atirikta jaina aMkagaNitameM sAdhAraNa aura dazamalava bhinna1. kRtvAntyakRti hanyAccheSapadaidviguNamantyamutsArya / zeSAnutsAyevaM karaNIyo vidhirayaM varge / yahA~ antya akSarase tAtparya ikAI, dahAIse hai prathama, dvitIya aMkase nahIM-parikarma vyavahAra zlo. 31

Page #428
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 383 ke parikarmASTaka, sAdhAraNa, aura mizra vyavahAra gaNita, mahattama aura laghuttama samApavartaka, sAdhAraNa aura cakravRddhi byAja, samAnupAta, aikika niyama, pairAzika, paMcarAzika, rAptarAzika, samaya aura dUrI sambandhI mahattvapUrNa prazna bhI diye gaye haiN| jaina aMkagaNitameM gaccha, caya, Adya aura saMbaddhana saMkhyA Anayana sambandhI sUtroM kI vAsanAgata sUkSmatA gaNitajJoMke liye atyanta manoraMjaka aura Anandaprada hai| "tiloyapaNNatti" meM saMkalita dhana lAne vAle sUtra 1-2 nimnalikhita prakArase banAye gaye hai 1. padake vargako cayase guNA karake usameM dugane padase guNita mukhako jor3a denepara jo rAzi utpanna ho usameMse cayase guNita pada pramANako ghaTA kara zeSako AdhA kara denepara prApta huI rAzike pramANa saMkalita dhana hotA hai / 2. padakA varga kara usameMse padake pramANako kama karake avaziSTa rAziko cayake pramANase guNA karanA cAhiye / pazcAt usameM padase guNita Adyako milA kara aura phira usakA AdhA kara prApta rAzimeM mukhake addha bhAgase guNita padake milA denepara saMkalita dhanakA pramANa nikalatA hai| gaNita-pada 5, caya 4 aura mukha 8 hai / prathama niyamAnusAra saMkalita dhana = (5)25 4 4 = 100, 54 2 = 10, 1048 = 80, (100 + 80)- 180, 5 x 4 = 20, (180 -20)-160, 1602080 dvitIya niyamAnusAra saMkalita dhana = (5)2 = 25, 25 - 5 = 20, 2044-80, 548 = 40, (80 + 40)- 120, 120 2 = 60, 8:2= 4, 445-20, (20 + 60) = 80 / uparyukta donoM hI niyama sarala aura mahattvapUrNa haiM / AryabhaTTa, brahmagupta aura bhAskara jaise gaNitajJa bhI zreNI vyavahArake cakrameM par3a kara sarala niyamoMko nahIM pA sake haiN| vastutaH gaccha, caya, Adya aura saMvarddhana sambandhI prakriyA jainAcAryoMkI atyanta maulika hai / aMkagaNitake niyamoMmeM addhaccheda sambandhI siddhAnta formula) mahattvapUrNa aura maulika hai / prAcIna jainetara gaNitajJoMne ina jaTila siddhAntoMke Upara vicAra bhI nahIM kiyA hai| Adhunika gaNitajJa addhaccheda prakriyAko laghuriktha (Logarithm) ke antargata mAnate haiM, para isa gaNitake lie eka aMkaTebula sAtha rakhanI par3atI hai / parantu jainAcAryone binA bIjagaNitakA Azraya lie aMkoM dvArA hI addhacchedoMse rAzikA jJAna kiyA hai / (1) deya rAzi-parivartita rAzi (Substituted) ke addhacchedoMkA iSTa rAzike arddhacchedoMmeM bhAga denepara jo labdha Ave usIkA abhISTa arddhaccheda rAzimeM bhAga denese jo lagdha Aye, utanI hI jagaha iSTarAziko rakhakara paraspara guNA karanese acchedoMse rAzikA jJAna ho jAtA hai / udAharaNa1. padavaggaM cayapahadaM duguNigaccheNa guNidamuhajuttaM / __ var3idahadapadavihINaM dalidaM jANijja saMkalidaM / / -tiloyapaNNatti pR0 62 2. padavaggaM padarahidaM ityAdi-tiloyapaNNatti, pR0 63 3. diNNacchedeNavahidaiTTacchedehiM payaraviralaNaM bhajide / laddhamidaiTTharAsINaNNoNNahadIe hodi payavadhanaM ||-gommttsaar jIvakAma gAthA naM0 214

Page #429
bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM na vAGmayakA avadAna svarAzi (2) isakI anda rAzi 1, iSTa rAthi 16, isakI acheda rAzi 4, abhISTa banda rAzi :-ina bacchedoMse rAzi nikAlatI hai| 4:1-4, 8.4-2, 16416 - 256 rAzi ATha acchadoM ko hai| bacchedake gaNitase nimnalikhita siddhAnta aura bhI mahatvapUrNa nikalate hai $2 x'=', " x =++maguNya rAzike acchedoMko guNAkAra rAzike gaInchedoMmeM jor3a denese guNanaphala-rAzike baccheda bA jAte haiN| uparyukta siddhAnta isI varSakA ghotaka hai / aMkagaNitake anusAra 16 guNyarAzi, 64 guNAkAra rAzi aura guNanaphalarAzi 1024 hai / 16 guNyarAzi = (2), guNAkAra 64 - (2), (2) 4 (2)'. (2)deg- guNanaphalarAzi 1024 - (2)" / (ka)' karaka, kana-kA--" bhAgya rAzike acchedoMmeMse bhAjakarAzike acchedoMko ghaTAnese bhAgaphala rAzike accheda hote hai| aMkagaNitake anusAra bhAjyarAzi 256, bhAjaka 4 aura bhAgaphala 64 hai / 256 bhAjyarAzi = (2), bhASaka (2), (2) : (2) = (2)', bhAgaphalarAzi 64 = (2)' / T (kama)na.kama.na isa siddhAntako jainAcAryone aDhacchedake gaNitameM likhA hai ki viralanarAzi-vibhAjitarAzi ( Distributed number ) ko deyarAzi-parivartitarAzi (Substituted number) ke acchedoMke sAtha guNA karanese jo rAzi AtI hai vaha utpanna rAzi (rosulting number) ke acchedoMke barAbara hotI hai| vyAsaHvibhAjitarAzi, parivartitarAzi'6, utpannarAzi 65536 hai| parivartitarAzi 16 - (2)', (2)-(2), utpannarAzi 65536 - (2) / ka)2 (ka)' ka', viralana-vibhAjitarAzike achedoMko deyarAzike bacchedoMke avacchedameM jor3anese utpanna rAzikI vargazAlAkA pramANa AtA hai / vibhAjitarAzi 4, parivartita rAzi 16 aura utpannarAzi 65536 hai| vibhAjitarAzi 4 = (2)2, parivartitarAzi 16, (22)3 = (2), 65536 utpannarAzi = (42) / __uttarAdhyayana sUtrameM dvitIya, tRtIya, caturtha SaSThama aura dvAdazama vargAtmaka zaktiyoM (Powers) ke lie varga, dhana, varga-varga, dhana-varga, aura dhana-varga-varga zabdoMkA prayoga milatA $ guNayAraracchedA guNijjamANassa avacchedajudA / lamsavacchedA ahiyassa chedaNA gasthi ||-triloksaar gAthA naM0 105 * majjassalacchedA hAraracchedaNAhiM parihINA / aDacchedasalANA lavassa havaMti sambatya ||-triloksaar gApA naM. 106 T viralijjamANArAsi digNassacchidIhiM sNgunnide| gacchedA hoMti du sambatyuppaNNa rAsissa ||-triloksaar gASA naM0 107 / viralidarAsicchedA viSNaIcchedachedasaM miladA / baggasalAgapamANaM hoMti samuppaNNa rAkhi ||-triloksaar gApA naM0 108

Page #430
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 385 (ka) 4 ityAdi ka ka hai / anuyogadvAra sUtra 142veM ke anusAra ( ka ) 2, (kara) 3 kareM, (kaeN) 2, vargAtmaka zaktiyoMkA vizleSaNa hotA hai / isI prakAra vargamUlAtmaka ka _1/2, 1/4, 1/ ityAdi zaktiyoMkA ullekha bhI jaina gaNitameM kiyA gayA hai / gaNitasAra saMgrahameM vicitra kuTTIkAra, eka gaNitakA prakAra AyA hai, yaha siddhAnta aMkagaNitakI dRSTise atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai / isake anusAra bIjagaNitake bar3e-bar3e prazna sulajhAye jA sakate haiM / anya bhAratIya gaNitajJoMne jina praznoMko cakravAla aura varga prakRtike niyamoMse nikAlA hai, ve prazna isa vicitra kuTTIkArakI rItise hala kiye jA sakate haiM / aMkagaNitameM jahA~ koI bhI kAyadA kAma nahIM karatA, vahA~ kuTTIkArase kAma saralatApUrvaka nikAlA jA sakatA hai / phuTakara saralatA gaNita meM trilokasArAntargata 14 dhArAoMkA gaNita uccakoTikA hai, isa gaNitaparase aneka bIjagaNita sambandhI siddhAnta nikAle jA sakate haiM ' / saMkSepameM jaina gaNitakI vizeSatA bIjagaNita sambandhI siddhAntoMke sannivezakI hai, pratyeka parikarma sUtrase aneka mahattvapUrNa bIjagaNitake siddhAnta nikalate haiM / jena rekhAgaNita - yoM to aMkagaNita aura rekhAgaNita ApasameM bahuta kucha 1 mile hue haiM, phira bhI jaina rekhAgaNitameM kaI maulika bAteM haiM / upalabdha jaina rekhAgaNita ke adhyayana se yahIM mAlUma par3atA hai ki jainAcAryoMne mainsyUrezanakI hI pradhAnatA rakhI hai, rekhAoMkI nahIM / tattvArthasUtrake mUlasUtroMmeM valaya, vRtta, viSkambha evaM kSetraphala Adi mainsyUrezana sambandhI bAtoMkI carcA sUtrarUpase kI gayI hai / isake TIkA grantha bhASya aura rAjavArtika meM jyA, cApa, bANa, paridhi, viSkambha, vistAra, bAhu evaM dhanuSa Adi vibhinna mainsyUrezanake aMgoMkA sAMgopAMga vivecana kiyA gayA hai / bhagavatIsUtra, anuyogadvArasUtra, sUryaprajJapti evaM trailokya prajJapti meM tribhuja, caturbhuja, Ayata, vRtta aura parimaNDala (dIrghavRtta) kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / ina kSetroMke pratara aura ghama, ye do bheda batAkara anuyogadvArasUtrameM inake sambandhameM bar3I sUkSma carcA kI gayI hai / sUryaprajJapti samacaturasra, viSamacaturasra, samacatuSkoNa, viSamacatuSkoNa, samacakravAla, viSamacakravAla, cakrArdhacakravAla aura cakrAkAra, ina ATha bhedoMke dvArA caturbhujake sambandha meM sUkSma vicAra kiyA gayA hai| isa vivecanase patA calatA hai ki prAcInakAlameM bhI jainAcAryoMne rekhAgaNitake sambandhameM kitanA sUkSma vizleSaNa kiyA hai gaNitasAra saMgraha meM tribhujoMke kaI bheda aura kSetraphala bhI nimnAMkita prakArase nikAle gaye haiM ga a batalAye gaye haiM tathA unake bhuja, koTi, karNa ma ka 1. dekhiye - 'zrI nemicandrAcAryakA gaNita' zIrSaka nibandha jainadarzana varSa 4, aMka 1-2 meM / 49

Page #431
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna aga tribhuja, aga, bhuja aura koTi haiM, ka ga karNa hai tathA 4 kAga samakoNa hai; a samakoNa binduse ka ga varNake Upara a ma lamba girAyA hai / . a kare = ka ga ka ma ka ma; agara ka ga ga ma C = ka ga .. a ka + aga e = kaga, kama + kaga, ga ma ka ga ( kama + gama) = ka ga = ka gare ka na e = / a ka + a gare bhu' + ko? = V,ka e; ka -- bhure = /kora; : bhura kSetraphala -- 386 =3 a i u tribhujameM choTI bhuja = bhu, bar3I bhuja = bhu, bhUmi = bhU a ka = lamba, choTI, * = q - { x2 - - = - { x + - = (12 = (2 1 bhU bhU + = - AbAdhA ika = bhU - (bhu-bhuM) 2 bhU - (y 2 - y 2 ) 2 } (bhu bhu 2 bhU - - - (+2 2 bhU - -- (bhU + bhu) 2 - bhu 2 bhU bhUre+bhure - bhure 2 bhU ) a'2)) } x = (bhU bhu bhuM) - (1 + * + *) x ( 1 + 7 + (bhU+bhu X 2 = X ) X ka { x - (y2 - 42-*2)) } 2 bhU (bhuM - (bhU - bhu) 2 - x (11) (2.bhU.sa - bhUka *-* ) (bhU + bhu+bhuM ) x bhU + bhu-bhuM) * 2 bhU (bhU + bhu + bhuM) x (bhUM + bhu-bhuM) (bhU + bhuM - bhu) (bhu + bhuM--bhU) X. x x 2 2 2 2 = ) 31 2 bhU (bhuM + bhU-bhu) X (bhuM + bhu-bhU) 2 bhU u * - * ) x (1+1+1 - ) x (1+1+1 - q ) bhu _ X 2 2 isakA vargamUla tribhujakA kSetraphala hogA / yoM to uparyukta niyama' ko prAyaH sabhI gaNitajJoMne kucha idhara-udhara karake mAnA hai para vAsanAgata sUkSmatA aura saralatA jainAcAryoM kI mahattvapUrNa hai / vRttakSetrake kSetra meM prAcIna gaNitameM jitanA kArya jainAcAryoMkA milatA hai utanA anya logoMkA nahIM / AjakalakI khojameM 'vRtta'kI jina gUr3ha gutthiyoMko muzkilase gaNitajJa sulajhA rahe haiM, unhIMko jainAcAryoMne saMkSepameM saralatA pUrvaka aMkoMkA AdhAra lekara samajhAyA hai / vRttake sambandha meM jainAcAryoMkA pradhAna kArya antaH vRtta, parivRtta, bAhyavRtta, sUtrIvyAsa, valayavyAsa, samakoNAkSa, kendra, paridhi, cApa, jyA, bANa, tiryak tathA koNIya niyAmaka, parivalaya vyAsa, 1. tribhujacaturbhuja bAhuprati bAhusamAsadalahataM gaNitam / nemerbhujayutyarthaM vyAsaguNaM tatphalArthamiha bAlendoH / / - gaNitasAra saMgraha - kSetrAdhyAya zlo0 7 10 182

Page #432
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 187 dIrghavRtta, sUtrIstambha, vRttAdhAravelana, cApIyatrikoNAnupAta, koTisparza, sparzarekhA, kSetraphala aura ghanaphalake viSayameM milatA hai| jaina bIjagaNita-jaina aMkagaNitake karaNasUtroMke sAtha bIjagaNita sambandhI siddhAnta (formulae) vyApaka rUpase milate haiN| jainAcAryoMne apanI prakhara pratibhAse "aMkagaNitake karaNasUtroMke sAtha bIjagaNitake niyamoMko isa prakAra milA diyA hai ki gaNitake sAdhAraNa premI bhI bIjakriyAse paricita ho sakate haiN| jaina bIjagaNitameM ekavarNa samIkaraNa, aneka varNa samIkaraNa, karaNI, kalpitarAziyAM, samAnAntara, guNottara, vyutkrama, samAnAntara zreNiyA~, krama-saMcaya, ghAtAGka aura ladhu-ghAtAGka aura laghu-guNakoMke siddhAnta tathA dvipada siddhAnta Adi bIjakriyAe~ haiN| uparyukta bIjagaNitake siddhAnta dhavalATIkA, trailokyaprApti, lokavibhAga, anuyogadvArasUtra, uttarAdhyayanasUtra, gaNitasArasaMgraha aura trilokasAra Adi granthoMmeM phuTakara rUpameM milate haiN| dhavalAmeM bar3I saMkhyAoMko sUkSmatAse vyakta karaneke liye ghAtA-niyama (varga-saMvarga) kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / bIjakriyAjanya ghAtAGkakA siddhAnta atyanta mahatvapUrNa aura maulika hai| DaoNkTara avadhezanArAyaNa "dhavalA"kI caturtha jildakI aMgreDI bhUmikAmeM likhate haiM "The theory of the indices as described in the Dhavala in Somewhat different from what is found in the mattemntical works. This theory is certainly primitive and is earlier than 500 A. D. The fundamental ideas seem to be those of (i) the Sguare, (ii) the cube (iii) the Successive Square (iv) the Successive cube (v) the raising of a number to itsown power, (vi) the Square root, (vii) the cube root, (viii) the Successive Square root (ix) the Successive crbe root etc." ghAtAGka siddhAntake anusAra maI ko a ke ghanakA prathama vargamUla mAnA jaayegaa| dhavalAke siddhAntoMke anusAra uttarottara varga aura ghanamUla nimnaprakAra siddha hote hai a kA prathama varga arthAt (a)2 = are ,,, dvitIya varga ,, (a)2 = a = are ,, ,, tRtIya varga ,, (a) = a = are ,,, caturtha varga ,, (a) = a - a ,, ,, paMcama varga ,, (a) = = ,, SaSTha varga ,, (a)vRtta sambandhI ina gaNitoMkI jAnakArIke liye dekhiye'tiloyapaNNattI' gAthA naM0 2521, 2525, 2561, 2562, 2563, 2617, 2619, 2815 se 2915 taka / 'trilokasAra' gAthA naM0 309, 310, 315, 760, 761, 762, 763, 764, 766 gaNitasAra evaM gaNitasArakA kSetrAdhyAya / 'vAcArya nemicandra aura jyotiSazAstra' zIrSaka nibandha bhAskara, bhAga 6, kiraNa 2 evaM 'bhAcArya nemicandrakA gaNita' zIrSaka nibandha; jainadarzana varSa 4 aMka 1-2

Page #433
388 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna isI prakAra are kA dRSTAGka varga = (a) i = a i ghAtAGka ke anusAra (1) ka - + va (2) mana-ma- na (3)(ma) = amana bIjagaNitake ekavarNa samIkaraNa siddhAntake AviSkartA, aneka vidvAnoMne jainAcArya zrIdharako mAnA hai / yadyapi inakA niyama pariSkRta evaM sarvavyApI nahIM hai phira bhI prAcInatAke syAlase mahattvapUrNa hai| zrIdharAcAryake niyamAnusAra eka ajJAta rAzikA mAna nimnalikhita prakArase nikAlA jAtA hai __ kaba:kha ba = ga / isa gaNitameM ka, kha, ga, ye jJAta rAziyAM aura ba ajJAta rAzi hai / kiyAmeM zrIdharAcAryane samaguNana aura bhajanakA niyama nikAla kara isa prakAra rUpAntara kiyA hai- +9 ba = donoM rAziyoMmeM samajor3a denese bhI samatva rhegaa| -+-4 ga ka ! yahA~ donoM pakSoM ka ghaTA diyA to ..kha+ 4 ga ka kha ra+4 ga ka . 2ka ___isa prakAra jainAcAryone ajJAtarAzikA mAna nikAlA hai| gaNitasArasaMgrahameM aneka bIjagaNita sambandhI siddhAntoMkA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ udAharaNArtha mUladhana, vyAja, mizradhana aura samaya nikAlaneke sambandhame kucha mahatvapUrNa sUtra diye gaye haiN| mUladhana-sa, mizradhanama, samaya-Ta, vyAja-i, ma= sa.x A 1. (i) sa-1 1+IxexI / Ama-sa Ta+sa (i) sa = 2+ 1 Tarsa . (iii) A = aneka prakArake mUladhana 2. vA XTa 1 mA Ixsa XTa (RV ma - Xxxx A + - ma / rama=sa+Ta (ii) saMx,xma Ta,xTa, + sa24Ta+sa.xTa+........ = A, 1. chaTvaggassa uvari sattamavaggassa heDhadotti vutte atthavattINa joitti.. "dhavalATokA jilda 3 pR. 253

Page #434
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 389 sa.x.xma sa.XTa, +2 saMXTa: + saxTa, + ...... - A vyAjake liye sUtra (formula) Aja Ta ma- sa, + sa2 + sa + samaya nikAlaneke lie sUtra (formula)4. (i) A12* ma-Ta 131 +Ta.+23 sa sara sa /sa (i) Jsa xx x ma + (2x2) 2 - saha-6-sa saXTa xma+ XT x Ta maTa ___sa, XTa, sa3483..... - -- - jaina gaNitameM bhinna sambandhI bIjagaNitakI kriyAeM mahattvapUrNa aura navIna haiM / mujhe bhinna (fraction) ke sambandhameM zeSamUla, bhAgazeSa, mUlAvazeSa aura zeSa jAtike aise kaI niyama mile haiM jo merI buddhike anusAra prAcIna aura Adhunika gaNitameM mahattvapUrNa haiM / namUneke lie zeSamUla'kA niyama nIce diyA jAtA hai ____sakula saMkhyA, sa = sa' ke vargamUlase guNita-rAzi, ba = bhAjita rAzi, a = avazeSa jJAtarAzi hai| ma - - + N1-ba (i) sa - ya sa - 1 (at) sa- isa (5) /(5)+aba} .. 1. mUlAgre chindhAdazau naikena yuktamUlakRtaH / dRzyasya padaM sapadaM vagitamiha mUlajAtI svam / / -gaNitasArasaMgraha, prakIrNakAyAya zlo. 33

Page #435
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna dhavalATIkAmeM bhI bhinnoMkI aneka maulika prakriyAeM haiM, sambhavatayA ye prakriyAeM anyatra nahIM milatIM / udAharaNArtha kucha nIce dI jA rahI hai 1. na(nAma=na eka dI saMkhyAmeM do bhAjakoMkA bhAga denese pariNAma nimnalikhita hotA hai (laka athavA ravAnA yadi = ka aura ma'ka' to da (ka - ka') + ma' = ma yadi ka, to - -- tathA --- - -ka, to =ka - ba - + - - ba+ ba ba - - ra isa prakAra aneka bhinna sambandhI mahattvapUrNa niyama diye gaye haiN| sabhI karaNoMke prakaraNameM bhI aise kaI niyama haiM jinake dvArA adhika guNA bhAgake cakrameM binA par3e hI saralatApUrvaka samIkaraNa (Equation) hala kiye jA sakate haiM /

Page #436
tiloyapaNNattike zreNI vyavahArake dasa sUtroMkI upapatti tiloyapaNNatti karaNAnuyogakA prasiddha grantha hai / isameM saiddhAntika bAtoMke spaSTIkaraNake lie gaNitakA avalambana liyA gayA hai / jainAcAryoMne AdhyAtmika viSayoMkA nirUpaNa gaNitake niyamoMke AdhArapara kiyA hai| gaNitakA sthAna jaina sAhityameM mahattvapUrNa hai| isakA sambandha mahAvIrAcAryane saMgIta, tarkazAstra, nATaka, Ayurveda, kalA-kauzala, vyAkaraNa Adike sAtha sthApita kiyA hai| inakA to yahA~ taka kahanA hai ki saMsAra kA koI bhI jJAna-vijJAna gaNita zAstrake parijJAnake binA adhUrA hai| dharmazAstrako paribhASAe~, dravya aura guNoMkI vyavasthAe~ evaM vizvake rahasyako prasphuTita karanevAle bhaugolika siddhAnta gaNita sambandhI toM para pratiSThita haiN| kyoMki aneka vastueM jinheM hama A~khoMse nahIM dekha pAte haiM, ve tarkake dvArA hI siddha kI jA sakatI hai| para yaha satya hai ki gaNitake kSetrameM tarkakA prayoga karanA duSkara hai / isake lie pravINatA aura kSamatA donoM hI zaktiyoMkI AvazyakatA hotI hai| tarkake do bheda haiAgamana aura nigamana / jaba do vaktavya eka dUsarese itanA ghaniSTha sambandha rakhate hoM ki pahaleke satya honepara dUsarekA satya honA Azrita ho to ise nigamana praNAlIkA tarka kahA jAtA hai| jaise ka-2, kha = 5, to anumAna dvArA ka + kha - (5+2) =7, nigamana zailIke tarka dvArA anumAnako ulaTa dene para hama isa satyako bhI pAte haiM ki ka = 3 aura kha = 4; ka +kha -(4+3) =7 / nigamana zailI dvArA pariNAma nikAlA gayA-ka-kha tathA kha = ga ka - ga / yahA~ ka, kha aura ga kA kucha bhI mAna rakhA jAya para pariNAmoMmeM kisI bhI prakArakA antara nahIM hogaa| nigamana zailImeM kisI bhI anumAnakA AdhAra usake nigamanase adhika vyApaka hotA hai; nigamanakI vyApakatA AdhArakI vyApakatAke barAbara ho sakatI hai, para usase adhika kabhI nahIM hogii| para Agamana zailI meM Agamana apane AdhArase sarvadA adhika vyApaka hotA hai / Agamana praNAlIke tarkakI paribhASA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki kaI viziSTa sthitiyoMke AdhArapara yadi hama kisI saMbhava vaktavya para pahuMcate haiM to use Agamana zailIkA tarka kahA jAtA hai| isa praNAlImeM sAmAnyase vizeSako prApta kiyA jAtA hai tathA nigamanameM vizeSake kathana dvArA sAmAnyako prApta kiyA jAtA hai / uparyukta donoM hI tarka zailiyAM gaNita sUtroMkI upapattiko avagata karaneke lie Avazyaka haiN| inake prayogake binA upapatti (vAsanA) nikAlI nahIM jA sakatI hai / ataH tarkakI zailI paribhASAoMkA saMkSepameM ullekha kara denA Avazyaka hai| yoM to gaNita zAstrameM vAsanAkA mUla buddhi hai / isIke upayoga dvArA sUtroMkI upapattiyAM niSpanna kI jAtI hai| prastuta nibandhameM zreNI vyavahArake dasa sUtroMko upapatti dI jA rahI hai| isa gaNitameM prathama sthAnameM jo pramANa hotA hai, use Adi, mukha, vadana yA prabhava kahate haiN| aneka sthAnoMmeM samAna rUpase honevAlI vRddhi athavA hAnike pramANako caya yA uttara tathA jina sthAnoMmeM samAnarUpase vRddhi yA hAni huA karatI hai, unheM gaccha yA pada kahate haiM /

Page #437
392 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna mukha, caya, gaccha aura saMkalita dhanoMkA pramANa nikAlaneke lie nimna sUtra Aye haiM / 1. sUtra cayahadamicchRNapadaM rUNicchAe guNidacayajuttaM / duguNidavadaNeNa judaM padadalaguNidaM havedi saMkalidaM // 264 artha-icchAse hIna gacchako cayase guNA karake usameM eka kama icchAse guNita cayako jor3akara prApta hue yogaphalameM dUne mukhako jor3a deneke pazcAt usako gacchake Adhe bhAgase guNA karane para saMkalita dhanakA pramANa hotA hai| . aMka udAharaNa-gaccha 11, icchA 2, caya 8, Adi 205 / = 11 -2 = 948- 72,2-1 = 148,72 + 8-80,2054 2 = 410, 410 + 80 = 490, 11 : 2 = 114490 = 2695 saMkalita dhana / upapattimAna liyA sa = s = sarvadhana, mu = a = mukha, ca = b = caya, i = c = icchA, ga = n = gaccha mu mu ca ma ca mu mu ga c| sa = a + (a + b) + (a + 2b) + a+ 3b + ...... + { a+ (n - 1) b} s = { a + (n - 1) b } + { a+ (n- 2) b} + { a+ (n + 3) b } + {a+ (n-4) b } + - +a :::25 = { 2a + (n-1) b } + { 2a + (n- 1) b} + {2a + (n-1) b} + {2a + (n- 1) b + .... + {2a + (n- 1) b} ={2a+ (n- 1) b} n..............(ka) ga i i ca mu ga -{(n-c+c- 1) b + 2a} n ={ (n-c) b + (c- 1) b+ 2a} n ga ica i ca mu ga : sa = {(n-c) b + (c - 1) b + 2a} n ..sa - {(ga-i) ca + (i - 1) ca + 2muha ..............(kha)

Page #438
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 393 2. sUtra mAna liyA A = na saMkhyaka pRthvIkI Adi saMkhyA (sAtavIM pRthvIko pahalI mAnakara ulaTA calane pr)| A = 5 Ara = 13 =5+1ca A3 = 37 =5+1ca+3ca A. = 77 = 5+1ca+3 +5ca A5 = 133 =5+1ca + 3ca+5+7ca isI prakAra ..A, = 5 A2 - A, = 8 = ca = (242-3) ca A3 - A2 = 3ca (24 3-3) ca A - AI = 5ca = 244-3) ca A- A4 = 7ca = (245-3) ca a"""" A na - A na - (24 na - 3) ca jor3anese A na = 5 +{2 (2+3+4+ ........ + na)- (na - 1)3}ca =5+{2 - (1+2-3+4+ ............+na)- 3na+1}na 5+2 (na) (na + )- 3na + 1}ca =5+ina+na - 3na + 1}ca -5+ na2 - 2na + 1) cana saMkhyaka pRthvIkA gaccha ga = 2 (na-1) + 1 = 2na-2+1 = 2na-1 (2) kA mAna (1) meM rakhane seA.na = 5 + (11) - ga+ 1 - 1}ca = 5+ (-1) isako (ka) meM rakhane para sa = 65 + (-1) ca +(" - 1)caga __-(-2) + (-1) ca+ca 5]

Page #439
394 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna isa upapattike AdhAra para ekkoNamavaNiiMdayamaddhiya vaggijja mUlasaMjuttaM / aTThaguNaM paMcajudaM puDhavidayatADidammi puDhavidhaNaM // 2-65 __ arthAt-gacchake pramANameM se eka ghaTAkara AdhekA varga kara denese jo Ave ise gacchameMse eka ghaTAkara AdhA kara jor3a denA cAhie / pazcAt ise cayase guNAkara guNanaphalameM paMcaguNita caya jor3a denepara sarvaghanakA pramANa prakArAntarase AtA hai / 1)xca0 + 54 ga0 yathA ga0 13, caya 8 13-1) ) = 36 + 6%D42483336+5= 341x13 - 1 /ga -11 - . - -. 36+ 4433 ru. uparyukta upapattise yaha sUtra niSpanna ho gayA3 sUtra--saMkalita dhana lAne kA prakArAntara ___ cayahadamiTThAdhiyapadamekkAdhiyaiTThaguNidacayahINaM / duguNidavadaNeNa judaM padadalaguNidammi hodi saMkalidaM / / 2-70 artha-iSTase adhika padase cayako guNA karake usameM se eka adhika iSTase guNita caya ko ghaTA dene para jo zeSa rahe usameM dugune mukhako jor3akara gacchake Adhese guNA karanepara saMkalita dhana hotA hai| udAharaNa-(ga+ i) ca - (i + 1) ca + 2 mu0; gaccha 49, iSTa 7, caya 8, mukha 5 = {(49 + 7)- 8} - {(7 + 148) + (5 x 2)}x 59 =9653 upapatti prathama sUtrakI upapattimeM Aye hue (ka) phalake AdhArase / sa = {{ga - 1) ca + 2mu = {(ga+ i - i - 1)ca + 2mu} : = {(ga+ i)ca - (i + 1)ca + 2mu 4 sUtra-saMkalita dhana lAnekA anya prakAra-- advattAlaM dalidaM guNidaM aTrehi paMcarUvajadaM / uNavaNNAe pahadaM savvadhaNaM hoi puDhavINaM / / 2-71 artha-ar3atAlIsake Adheko AThase guNA karake usameM pAMca milA denepara prApta huI rAziko 49 se guNA karanepara sarvadhanakA pramANa hotA hai / gaNita sUtra-3848+ 5}49=9653

Page #440
jyotiSa evaM maNita 395 upapatti ___ (ka) se sa= {(ga - 1) ca + 2muI ga = 49, ca-8, mu=5 vargoM ke sthAnapara aMka saMkhyA rakha denese _ ={" x 8+ 5}49 5 sUtra--saMkalita dhana nikAlanekA anya niyama-- padavaggaM cayapahadaM duguNidagaccheNa guNidamuhajuttaM / vaDDhihadapadavihINaM dalidaM jANijja saMkalidaM // 2-76 artha-padake vargako cayase guNA karake usameM duguNita padase guNita mukhako jor3a dene para jo rAzi utpanna ho usameMse cayase guNita pada pramANako ghaTAkara zeSako AdhA kara dene para prApta huI rAzike pramANa saMkalita dhana hotA hai| ___ gaNita sUtra-(pada x caya) + (pada x 24 mukha)-(caya x pada) saMkalita dhana udAharaNa-pada 13, caya 8, mukha 292 ataH (13248) + (13 424 292)- . (8413) 4420 upapatti(ka) sa= {(ga- 1)ca + mu} ___= (gaxca - + 2mu)ga -gaxca+gax2xma-caxga 2 6 sUtra-saMkalita dhana nikAlanekA anya prakAra padavaggaM padarahidaM cayaguNidaM padahadAdijudamaddhaM / ___muhadalapahadapadeNaM saMjuttaM hodi saMkalidaM // 2-81 artha-padake varga se padake pramANako ghaTAkara avaziSTa rAziko caya pramANase guNA karanA cAhie / pazcAt isameM pada guNita Adiko jor3anepara jo yogaphala ho usake AdhemeM mukhake ardhabhAgase guNita padako jor3a deneke saMkalita dhana hotA hai / gaNita sUtra{(pada-pada)x caya + (pada x Adi)} . 1-saMkalita dhana + (pada X Adi)} + ( Adi x pada ) - saMkalita dhana / Adi -Xpada

Page #441
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna udAharaNa-pada : 9, caya 8, Adi 4. {149 - 49) x 8+ (4944)} + (2 449) = 9604 saMkalita dhana upapatti(ka) se sa= {(ga 1) ca + 25 = (ga x ca - ca + mu + mu) = ga2x ca-gax ca + mumu + muga = gare 4 ca - ga X ca + ga X mu, mRga = (ga2 - goca' + ga X mu + mu x ga 7 sUtra--Adi dhanake nikAlanekA niyama padadalahidasaMkalidaM icchAe guNiyadacayasaMjuttaM / rUUNicchAdhiyapadacayaguNilaM avaNiyaddhide AdI // 2-83 artha-saMkalita dhanameM padake AdhekA bhAga denepara jo labdha Ave usameM icchA-guNita cayako jor3a denA cAhie / isa yogaphala rAzimeM caya guNita pada tathA eka kama icchA rAziko ghaTAnepara jo avazeSa Ave usakA AdhA kara denese AdikA pramANa hotA hai / gaNita sUtra {(saMkalita dhana :-) + (caya x icchA) - (icchA - 1 + pada x caya)} . 2 udAharaNa-saMkalita dhana 9604, pada 49, caya 8, icchA 7 ::{(9604 : 43) + (847) - (7 - 1 +.4948) _ upapatti (ka) se sa= {(ga - 1)ca + 2mu}} 7 .. (ga- 1)ca + 2 mu = sa' .. 2mu = (sa: )- (ga- 1)ca __-(sa )-(i-i- 1 + ga)ca

Page #442
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 397 - + ix ca - (i - 1 + ga)ca :- + ga + ca - (i -- 1 + ga)ca mu =8 sUtra--cayadhanake nikAlanekA niyama padadalahadavekapadAvaharidasaMkalidavittaparimANe / vekapadaddheNa hidaM Adi sohejja tattha sesa cayaM / / 2-84 artha-padake addha bhAgase guNita jo eka kama pada, usase bhAjita saMkalita dhanake pramANa meMse eka kama padake ardha bhAgase bhAjita mukhako kama kara denepara zeSa cayakA pramANa hotA hai| gaNita sUtra-saMkalitadhana : (pada - 1 : Adi : caya udAharaNa-saMkalitadhana 9604, gaccha 49, Adi 4 . 9604 + ( 49 - 1 + 46 )-(4449-1) - 8 caya upapatti(ka) se sa= {(ga- 1)ca+2mu = (ga- 1) ca + muga pada-1 .:. (ga-1 mu .. ca = sa' (ga- 1) - muga' (ga- 1) 3 = sa' (ga + 1) 2 + muga9 sUtra--pada ke nikAlane kA vidhAna cayadalahadasaMkalidaM cayadalarahidAdi addhakadijuttaM / mUlaM parimUlUNaM pacayaddhahidammi taM tu padamathavA // 2-85 artha-cayake ardhabhAgase guNita saMkalita dhanameM cayake ardhabhAgase rahita mukhake ardhabhAgake vargako milA denepara jo rAzi utpanna ho usakA vargamUla nikAle; pazcAt usameMse pUrvamUlako-jisake vargako saMkalita dhanameM jor3A thA, ghaTAkara avaziSTa rAzimeM cayake ardhabhAga kA bhAga denepara padakA pramANa nikalatA hai| gaNita sUtra-/' x saMkalita dhana) + ( (Adi - caya/2)2 . 2 - pUrvamUla = pada caya

Page #443
bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna udAharaNa-saMkalita dhana 4420, caya 8, Adi 292 / upapatti ..' (6x420) + (292-6)_ (292-6 : 1) = 13 pada (ka) se sa = [(ga- 1) ca+ 2mA gacAma , 5 x sa ga va ga na , magaca (I se guNA karane para - (ga) + 2 4 gama (-) + (-1) - (-1) - (+-)-F-5) dw sh sh lh ...ka +2 ka kha+ gaca ca sa + 2 MAKIAKIA .. gaca + (-) = "5 x sa + (-1) .. (gaca - 4 ca sa + (-4) -(--) -isa + (-2) - Y - cari (kha) ga-( i sa + (-bAra") ma-pari 10 sUtra pada yA gaccha nikAlanekA anya niyama ducayahadaM saMkalidaM cayadalavadaNaMtarassa vaggajudaM / mUlaM parimUlUNaM cayabhajida hodi taM tu padaM // 2-86 artha-saMkalita dhanako dviguNita cayase guNAkara guNanaphalameM cayake adabhAga aura mukha ke antararUpa saMkhyAke vargako jor3akara usakA vargamUla nikAlanepara jo saMkhyA prApta ho usameMse pUrvamUlako ghaTAkara zeSameM cayakA bhAga denepara labdha pramANa pada yA gaccha hotA hai / gaNita sUtra{.'(caya x 24 sarvadhana) + mukha - - (mukha - 3}caya = pada gaNita-caya 8, sarvadhana 4420, mukha 292 :V(24844420) + (292-3)2-(292 -1 8 = 13 pada caya caya

Page #444
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 399 upapatti (kha) se gaca - 6 sa+ (mu-cari)2 _ mu-cAra ..gaca = 264 6 sa + (mU-bAza) - (F- 5 )} 2 se guNA karanepara = Vcasa + (mu - --i) .. ga ={/2casa + (mu - 3) - (mu-3)}' ca isa prakAra saMkSepameM zreNI vyavahArake daza sUtroMkI upapatti yahA~ dI gaI hai|

Page #445
saMskRta-sAhitye tribhujagaNitam saMskRta-sAhitye vividha jJAna-vijJAnAnAM bhANDAraM prApyate / Ayurveda - gaNita - jyotiSamantra-tantrAdivividhaviSayAH saMskRtavAGmaye nibaddhAH santi / vaidikavAGmaye jyotiSagaNitayoranekasUtrANi labhyante / yajJIyakuNDAnAM gaNita hetave tathA taskuNDAnAM zuddharUpeNa nirmANAya tribhujagaNitopayogo vaidikakAle'pi kriyamANa AsIt / yajJavidhi - sampannatAyai catuSkoNatrikoNa-vRttAkAra - SaDbhujarUpa - bahubhuja rUpAdyanekaprakArANi kuNDAni nirmIyante sma / eteSAM kuNDAnAM kSetraphalaniSkAsanAya tribhujagaNitasyAviSkAro vihitaH / yadyapi Rgvede tribhujagaNitasya spaSTanirdezo nAsti, parantu pRthvI sUrya bhuvanAnAM kathanakrame tribhujasamAvezI jAyate / pRthvyAH dazapaTalAnAmullekhatvAt bhujazabdo'tropalakSaNatvena kSetrabhujAnAM sUcako vidyate / evameva sakalabhuvanAdhArasya sUryasya kathanaM kurvan 'trinAbhi 'zabdaH tribhujasyApi sUcako'sti / mantro nimna prakAro'sti - yadinvindra pRthivI dazabhujirahAni vizvA tatanaMtakRSTyaH / atrAha te maghavan vizrutaM saho dyAmanu zavasA barhaNA bhuvat // 1 X X X sapta yujaMti rathamekacakrameko azvo vahati saptanAma // trinAbhicakramajaramanarvaM yatremA vizvA bhuvanAdhitasthuH // 2 Rgvede sUryagatyanusAraM rAzicakrasya dvAdazabhAgeSu vibhAjanena 'viSuvasampAtasya vArSikagatisadRzaM pRthvyAH tulanAyAM sUryacandramasoH sApekSAkArasya, sUryasya paramamandaphalasya mAnAdezca parijJAnaM tribhujagaNitaM binA sambhavaM nAsti / ataeva grahANAM bhogAMza niSkAsanAya tribhuja - gaNitasya jJAnapracAro vaidikakAle'pyabhaviSyat / taittirIya brAhmaNe taittirIyasaMhitAyAJca ya' jyotiSacarcAdhigamyate, tasyAM kSetra gaNitamapi sammilitamasti / zulvasUtre tribhujagaNitasyAneka prakArAH dRzyante / svatantrarUpeNa tribhujagaNitasyArambhaH prathamAryabhaTTAjjAyate / AryabhaTTene prathamena grahANAM bimbIyakaraNAnAM jJAnamavApya bimbagrahayorAnayanavidhiraGkitaH / ato grahaNaNitena saha tribhuja - gaNitasya kathanaM kRtaM varttate / dvitIyAryabhaTTena tribhujavivecanaM svatantrarUpeNa kurvatA likhitam - tribhujasya phala zarIraM samadalakoTI bhujArdhasaMvargaH / UrdhvabhujA tatsaMvargAdhaM sa ghanaH zrariti // 3 " samadalakAriNI yA koTiH tribhujazIrSAdAdhAropari lamba ityarthaH / tasyAH koTe: arthAt lambasya bhujArdhasya AdhArArghasya yaH saMvarga guNanaM tat tribhujasya tribhujarUpakSetrasya 1. Rgveda : saM0 1 52 / 11 2. vahI, 1 / 164 / 14 3. AryabhaTIyam bihAra risarca sosAiTI, paTanA, zloka 6, pR0 15

Page #446
jyoSita evaM gaNita 401 phalazarIraM phalarUpaM zarIraM kSetraphalamityarthaH bhavati / samadvibhuje samatribhuje ca tribhuje AdhAro - pari lambaH AghArASaM karoti tatrAdhArasya lambAdubhayadizi samo dalo bhAgo bhavati / viSamatribhuje'pi upacArAttasyaiva lambasyAghArArdhasya ca ghAtaH kSetraphalaM bhavati tatra tribhuje / " evaM prakAreNAryabhaTTavihitasya graha gaNita kuNDagaNita - chAyAgaNitAderAnayanAya tribhuja - gaNitasya vidhAnamAvazyakamasti / AryabhaTTAnantaraM varAhamihireNa svapaJca siddhAntikAyAM grahagaNitasya vidhAnena saha madhyamagraha-mandocca - zIghrocca zIghrapariSyAderAnayanAya pauliza - romakavAziSTha- saura- paitAmaha siddhAntAnAM saMgraho vihitaH / eSu siddhAnteSu tribhuja sambandhyanekavizeSatAH pratipAditAH vidyante / sUryasiddhAnte grahANAM vakrAtivakravikalamandamandatarasamazIghrazIghrataragatInAM nirUpaNe tribhujagaNitasyAzrayo gRhIto'sti / grahANAM kIdRgapi gaNitaM tribhujaM binA sambhavaM nAsti / likhitamasti - grahaM saMzodhya mandoccAt tathA zIghrAdvizodhya ca, zeSaM kendrapadaM tasmAdbhujajyA koTireva ca / gatAdbhujajyA viSame gamyAt koTiH pade bhavet, yugme tu gamyAd bAhujyA koTijyA tu gatAd bhavet // 1 // kasyApi grahasya mandocca - zIghroccayoH sthAneSu tanmadhyamasthAnasyApacayena ye ziSyete, ta eva kramazaH mandakendranAmnA zIghrakendra nAmnA cAbhidhIyete / etAbhyAM padajJAnaM kRtvA jyAkoTijyAnayanaM kriyate / viSamapade yo bhAgo gato bhavati, tajjyA 'bhujajyA' tathA yo bhAgo gamyo bhavati, tajjyA 'koTijyA' kathyete / parantu samapAde gamabhAgajyA 'bhujajyA' tathA gatabhAgaNyA 'koTijyA' kathyete / etasyA bhujajyAyAH koTijyAyAzca cApIyatribhujasya gaNitadvArA gaNitasya paridhyAdeH parijJAnaM prApyate / evamakSAMzajJAne'pi tribhujagaNitasyopayogaH kriyate / sUryasiddhAntasyaitAdRzaM kimapi grahagaNitaM nAsti, yattribhujagaNitaM binA jJAyeta / candrasUryAdigrahANAM lambananatAMzayorapi tribhujasyAvalambanaM gRhyate / barAha mihirAnantaraM dvitIyAryabhaTTa H mahAryasiddhAntamalikhat / asmin 18 adhyAyAH ( aSTAdazAdhyAyAH ) 625 kArikAzca (paJcaviMzatyuttaraSaTzatakArikAzca) santi / kSetravyavahAragaNite kathitamasti yat tribhujagaNitaM vinA kasyApi kSetrasya gaNitAnayanaM kattu na zakyate / pATIgaNitAya yathA zUnyasya kasyAparasyAvazyakatAsti tathaiva kSetragaNitAya tribhujasya / bhujakoTi-koNasambandhenaiva vibhinna prakArakSetrANAM gaNitaM kriyate / lokazAstrayorubhayorapi kSetrIyagaNitaparijJAnaM tribhujagaNitena bhavati / ekaviMzatyuttaracaturazatasaMkhyA ke zakasaMvatsare lallAcAryeNa 'ziSyadhIvRddhi' nAmako graMtho vyalekhi | graMthe'smin tena gaNitaprakaraNe spaSTAdhikAra- tripraznAdhikAra- candragrahaNAdhikArasUryagrahaNAdhikAra - grahabhUtyadhikAra bhagrahayutyadhikArAdyadhikAreSu tribhujagaNitasya vidhAnaM kRtam / graMthasyAsyaiva golAdhyAye, chedAdhikAra - golabaMghAdhikAra-graha-bhramaNa-saMsthAdhyAyeSu tribhujagaNitasya mahattvaM kathitamasti / saralacApIyayorubhayorapi tribhujayonirdezaM kurvatA gaNitavidhInAM vivecanaM kRtamasti / lallAcAryeNAryabhaTTasya gaNita graMthasyAvalokanaM vidhAyaiva svasyAsya graMthasya praNayanamakAri / tena svayaM likhitam - 1. sUryasiddhAntaH, spaSTAdhikAraH, paca 29-30

Page #447
402 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna vijJAya zAstramalamAryabhaTapraNItaM tantrANi yadyapi kRtAni tadIyaziSyaiH / karmakramo na khalu samyagudIritastaiH karma bravImyahamataH kramazastu sUktam // bRhatsaMhitAyAM kuzaladaivajJAya pratipAditayogyatAyAM kSetragaNitasya vizeSataH tribhuja. gaNitasya jJAnamAvazyakaM kathitamasti / likhitamasti "tatra grahagaNite polizaromakavAziSThasaurapaitAmaheSu paJcaSveteSu siddhAnteSu yugavarSAyanartumAsapakSAhorAtrayAmamuhUrttanADIvinADI prANatruTitruThya vayavAdyasya kAlasya kSetrasya ca vettA / catuNNAM ca mAsAnAM saurasAvananAkSatracAndrANAmadhimAsakAvasambhavasya ca kAraNAbhijJaH SaSTyabdayugavarSamAsadinahorAdhipatInAM pratipattivicchedavit / saurAdInAJca mAnAnAM sadRzAsadRzayogyAyogyatvapratipAdanapaTuH / / siddhAntabhede'pyayananivRttI pratyakSaM samamaNDalarekhAsamprayogAdimyuditAMzakAnAJca chAyA jalayantradRggaNitasAmyena pratipAdanakuzalaH sUryAdInAJca grahANAM zIghramandayAmyottaranIcoccagatikAraNAbhijJaH / etenoddharaNena spaSTamasti yat tribhujasya tadavayavAnAJca parijJAnaM paramAvazyakamAsIt / etadvinA na grahagaNitasya jJAnaM sambhavamAsIt, na ca laukikaviSayANAmeva / varAhamihirAnantaraM pratibhAvAn gaNitajJaH brahmagupto bbhuuv| tajjanma paJcanadapradeze bhilanAlanAmakasthAne 558 khISTAbde'bhUt / triMzatvarSIyAyAmavasthAyAM tena 'brahmasphuTasiddhAnta' nAmakagranthasya praNayanamakAri / saptaSaSTi-varSIye vayasi 'khaNDakhAdya' nAmakagrantho'nena praNItaH / brahmasphuTasiddhAnte tribhujasya bheda-prabhedAnAM tathA teSAM gaNitavidhInAM varNanaM kRtamasti / zakasaMvatsare caturazItyuttarapaJcazatasaMkhyAka mujAlena laghumAnasagrantho vyaraci / yasmin granthe sUryagrahaNa-candragrahaNa zRMgonnati-grahayuti-prabhRtyaSTAdhikAreSu tribhujagaNitasya siddhAntAnAmapi samAvezaH kuto vidyate / samatribhuja-viSamatribhujayoranekavidhayo nirUpitAH santi / khISTAbdasya navamazatAbde mahAvIrAcAryeNa gaNitasArasaMgrahanAmakagrantho likhitaH / asya granthasyAdI kathitamasti yat kAmatantrArthazAstra-gAMdharva-nATaka-sUpazAstra-vaidyaka-vAstuvidyAchando'laMkAra-kAvya-tarka-vyAkaraNa-kalAguNAdiviSayeSu gaNitasya paramAvazyakatA bhavati tathA gaNite parikarmASTakeNa saha tribhujagaNitasya vRttagaNitasya ca pramukhatA pratipAditA vidyate / ' mahAvIrAcAryeNa tribhujakSetrasyAnekabhedAH kiirtitaaH| yavAkAra-murajAkAra-paNavAkAra-vajrAkAraprabhRti vibhinnAkRtidhArikSetrANAM gaNitasAdhanAya tribhujopayogitA varNitAsti / zaMkhAkRti kSetrasya phalAnayanAya vRttaNitena saha tribhujopayogitA kathitA vartate / jyAmitisambandhivibhinnaniyamAnAmAdhAro'pi tribhujagaNitaM pratipAditamasti / ___zrIpatiH strISTAbdasya dazamazatAbde jyAkhaNDAnAmAnayanAya tribhujamAdhArarUpeNa vyAkhyAtavAn / likhitamasti doHkoTibhAgarahitAbhihatAH khanAgacandrAstadIyacaraNo na zarArkadigbhiH, te vyAsakhaNDaguNitA vihRtAH phalaM tu jyAbhivinApi bhavato bhujakoTijIvAH / 1. gaNitasArasaMgrahaH, saMjJAdhikAraH, padya 9 se 18 taka /

Page #448
jyotiSa evaM gaNita zrIpateH pATIgaNitasya racanAzailI atyantasaralottamA ca vrtte| grahabhedaprakriyAdvArA prahagaNitasya jJAnamavApya siddhAntazekhara' nAmaka grantho'pi likhito'nena / pranye'smin grahAnayanaprakaraNe tribhujasya vibhinnaprakArANAM gaNitAnAM samAvezo'sti / zrIpatyanantaraM zrIdharAcAryasya nAmAyAti / anena 'gaNitasAra' granthaH praNItaH / yasmin kSetravyavahAra-khAtavyavahAra-citivyavahAra-kASThavyavahAra-rAzivyavahAra-chAyAvyavahArAdigaNitAnAM nirUpaNamasti / atredaM dhyAtavyamasti yat bhujakoTyanupAtena tribhujasambandhi-prakriyAdvArA gaNitavidhInAmAnayanaM kRtamasti / zrIdharAcAryasya bIjagaNitasambandhisUtrANi tu prasiddhAnyeva santi, paraM cApIya-saralatribhujayorapi gaNitaM paraM mahattvapUrNa vartate / katipayavipazcita matamasti yat zrIdharAcAryeNa gaNitakSetre katipayAni maulikatattvAni pradattAni / dvAdazazatakasya prArambhe prasiddhagaNitajJasya bhAskarAcAryasya nAma kIrtyate / bhAskarAcAryeNa lIlAvatIgranthe tribhujagaNitasambandhivividhavidhInAM nirdezo vihitaH / aTTakavirathavAhadAsaH 'kannaDagrantheSTumate' utpAta-pariveza-indradhanuSa-droNa-pratisUrya-grahadveSa-grahayuddhAdiprakaraNeSu vibhinnavidhidvArA tribhujagaNitasya nirUpaNaM kRtamasti / 'mahendrasUriNA 'yantrarAje' yantraracanAprasaGga tribhujagaNitasya vidhAnaM kRtamasti tathA vRttasambandhyanekavidhayaH tribhujagaNitadvArA niSkAsitAH santi / tribhujagaNitasya vikasitarUpaM cApIye saralatrikoNamitI va prApyate / evaM vaidikakAlAdArambha paJcadaza-SoDazazatakaparyantaM tribhujagaNite vikAsaH sampadyamAno vrtte| tribhujasya bhedAH tribhujasyAnekabhedAH sambhavAH santi / paraM koNa-bhujasambandhenAsya pradhAnAH SaTbhedAH santi 1. samatribAhutribhujam / 2. samadvibAhutribhujam / 3. viSamabAhutribhujam / 4. samakoNatribhujam / 5. adhikoNatribhujam / tathA 6. nyUnakoNatribhujam / etaduparyuktaSaTprakArakatribhujAtiriktAzcApIyasaralabhujabhedena pratyekatribhujasya SaDbhedatvAt dvAdazaprakArAH tribhujabhedAH bhavanti / anyabheda-prabhedAnAM gaNanA eSveva dvAdazatribhujeSa kriyate / tribhujagaNite koNabhujayoreva sarvAdhika mahattvaM vidyate / samatalarekhAgaNitasambandhisiddhAntasya, uccatararekhAgaNitasambandhisiddhAntasyaiva citrarekhAgaNitasambandhisiddhAntAnAM samAvezaH uktatribhujagaNiteSu snyjaayte| mahAvIrAcAryeNa vartulAdikSetrANAM tribhujamaNite pariNataH vidhiLalekhi / zrIdhareNa jyotiniviSo kadambapItavRtta-merucchinnapotavRtta-krAntivRttamADIvRttAdilaghu-mahatvRttAnAM pariNamanaviSiSu tribhujagaNitopayogaH kathito'sti / zaGka: gaNitasyacchAyAgaNitasyAdhAraH tribhujagaNitamevAsti /

Page #449
404 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna tribhujagaNitAnayana-vidhiH ___ tribhujagaNitAnayanavidhiH prAcInakAlataH Agacchannasti / vidhAvasmin bhujakoTyAdhArayorupayogaH kriyate / mahAvIrAcAryeNa tribhujagaNitasyAnayanaM dvAbhyAM vidhimyAM vihitam / yathA vyAvahArikavidhiH, sUkSmavidhizca / mahAvIrAcAryeNa likhitam tribhuja-caturbhujabAhupratibAhusamAsadalahataM gaNitam / ' neme jayutyadhaiM vyAsaguNaM tatphalArdhamiha baalendoH|| sammukhabhujAnAM yogAnAmadharAzInAM guNanaphalaM tribhujasya kSetraphalaM bhavati / atra tribhujametAdRzaM caturbhujaM kalpitaM, yadAdhArasya sammukhabhujatAvatI ladhvIbhavati, yat sopakSaNIyA jAyate / ___asyAM dazAyAM tribhujasya pArzvavatinyau bhuje sammukha bhuje jAyate / UrdhvavattinIbhajA mAne nagaNyA gRhyate / mato niyame tribhujIyakSetrasambadhe'pi sammukhabhujAnAmullekhaH kRto'sti / tribhujasya bhujayoH yogasyAdharAziH samastadazAsu uccatAyA Ayato bhavati / ataeva etanniyamAnusAraM prApta kSetraphalaM bhavituM zaknoti / ataevedaM vyavahAropayogi mataM vidyate / sUkSmakSetraphalakRte bhujakRtyantarabhUhRtabhUsaMkramaNaM tribAhukAbAdhe / tadbhujavargAntarapadamavalambakamAhurAcAryAH // bhujAnAM vargANAmAdhAradvArAvibhAjanena prAptarAzyAdhArayormadhye saMkramaNakriyayA tribhujasyAbAdhAnAM mAnAni (mApa) prApyante / etAsvAbAdhAsu ekasyAparasyAH saMvAdhAsannabhujAyAH vargANAmantarasya vargamUlamavalambanasya mAnaM bhavati / gaNitavidhinimnaprakAro'sti jAtyatribhujasya bhujakoTikarNakSetraphalAni ca a asmin tribhuje a ka, a ga, bhuja-koTIstaH, ka ga karNo'sti / ka a gasamakoNo'sti / asamakoNavindunA ka ga-karNopari lambo'sti kRtH|| :: ma ka = ka ga x ka ma, a ga = ka ga x ga ma :: aka+a ga = ka ga x ka ma+ ka ga ga ma = ka ga 1. gaNitasArasaMgrahaH, kSetragaNitavyavahAraH, jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, zolApura, zloka 7, pR0 1-2 2. vahI : zloka 49, pR0 192

Page #450
405 = ka ga / jyotiSa evaM gaNita (ka ma+ga ma) = ka ga x ka ga = ka ga = a ka + ka ga a ka + ka ga / koTi + bhuja' = karNa; * karNa - bhuja2 = koTi; / karNa2 - koTi2 = bhuja jAtyatribhujasya kSetraphalam u 'a i u' tribhuje laghubhujaH = bhu; bRhadbhujaH = bhu' a ka = lambaH, ladhvI AbAdhA ika = bhu - (bhu2- bhu) ladeg2 = bhu. 1 bhU - ()} = { bhu+ (bha- (bhu 2-y')} x 142 - (42 -*- ) bhAskarAcAryaH tribhujagaNitAnayanAya likhitavAn- . iSTo bhujo'smAd viguNeSTanighnAdiSTasya kRtyaikaviyuktayAptam / koTiH pRthak seSTaguNA bhujo nA karNo bhavet tryasramidaM tu jAtyam // iSTo bhujastatkRtiriSTabhaktA dviHsthApiteSTo na yutA'dhitA vA, to koTikarNAviti koTito vA bAhuzrutI cAkaraNI gate staH / 'yaH' iSTo bhujaH, asmAd dviguNeSTanighnAd-dviguNeneSTAntareNa guNitAt iSTasya kRtyA ekaviyuktayA'ptaM koTirbhavet / sA koTiH pRthagiSTaguNA bhujo nA karNo bhavet / idaM jAtaM tryasaM-jAtyaM tribhujaM jJeyam / athavA iSTo yo bhujastaskRtiH iSTabhaktA-kenacidiSTAntareNa bhaktA dviHsthApitA iSTena yutA'rSitA krameNa to koTikau~ bhavetAm / iti evaM rItyA koTito bAhuzrutI bhujakoM bhvtH| 340 - atra bhujaH = bhu / tathA koTikarNAntaram = bhu (3 - 1) 3+1 ato yogAntaraghAtasya vargAntarasamatvAt (ka+ko) x bhu (3 - 1) = kare - ko = maiM / 3+1. :.ka+ko = bhu2x (i+ 1) = bhu (+ 1) = yo / bhu (-1) i+1

Page #451
** bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna ato "yogAntaseNona yukto'dhita ityAdinA koTi: bhu (3+1) - bhu (3 - 1 ) = bhu ( i + 1 ) 2 - bhu (3 - 1 ) 2 2 ( i - 1) 2 ( i + 1) ( i - 1 ) x 2 = bhu (i e + 2i + 1) -- bhu (i e - 2i + 1 ) = bhux dda e - 1 ha e - 1 ityupapannaM koTyAnayanam / tathA karNaH = yo + bhu = bhu (i + 1) 1 ( i + 1) + bhu( i - 1) bhu ( i + 1)2 + bhu (i - 1) 2 2 ( i - 1 ) 2 ( i + 1) = bhu (dda e + 2 i + 1) + bhu (i e - 2i + 1 ) = bhu (i e + 1) (i - 1) 1 = bhu_i e+bhu = bhui'+bhu + bhu - bhu i - 1 i - 1 - bhuX i e 3 - bhu = (bhu X i3 ) i - bhu = ko x i - bhu = 1- 1 i 2 - 1 bhAskarAcAryeNa karNena bhujakoTerAnayanam, bhujakoTyA karNAnayanam, karNakoTadyA bhujAnayanaJca kRtAni ! bAhukarNayogakoTayoH jJAtayoH tayoH pRthakkaraNaM koTikarNAntaraM bhujAyAM jJAtAyAM tatpRthakkaraNaM tathA koTyekadezayut karNabhujayoH jJAtayoH koTikarNayorAnayanAni kRtAni / lambA bASAtribhujaphalAnayana viSayaH pratipAditAH santi / evaMprakAreNa saMskRtasAhitye tribhuja - gaNitasya vistArapUrvakaM varNanamAyAtamasti /

Page #452
svapna aura usakA phala rahasyakA udghATana karane ke rahasyakI taha meM pahuMcane vAle gambhIra hai ki isakI thAha vizvakA pratyeka aNu rahasyamaya hai / anAdikAlase Ajataka isa liye dArzanika jagat anavarata udyoga karatA A rahA hai, to bhI ine-gine kevalajJAnI hI ho sake haiM / yathArtha meM jJAnodadhi isa taraha virale hI lagA pAye haiM, phira bhI apane-apane DhaMgase pratyeka vicArakane siddhAnta nirNaya kiye haiM / prastuta svapna jagat bhI unake vivecana kSetrase pRthaka nahIM hai / inake rahasya aura mahattAkI bhI prAcya aura pAzcAtya dArzanikoMne gaharI khoja kI hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki svapna ke viSaya meM bhI do prakArakI pramukha vicAradhArAe~ pAI jAtI haiM, jinheM hama prAcya vicAradhArA aura pAzcAtya vicAradhArA kahate haiM / yaha bAta dUsarI hai ki inameMse bhI pratyeka meM kaI upadhArAe~ phUTa nikalI haiM / prAcya darzanAcAryoM aura pAzcAtya darzanAcAryoM kI vivecanApraNAlI ke mUlameM yahI antara hai, ki pahalI praNAlIkI nIMva AtmAkI amaratA para hai aura dUsarIkI nIMva bhautikatA para / isase svapna Antarika svarUpameM mahAn antara par3a jAtA hai / dvitIya praNAlIke vicArakoM kI vicAra sImA buddhi tattva taka hI sImita hai, Ajataka ve isake pare pahu~cane meM asamartha hI rahe haiM, aura anumAna bhI yahI kiyA jAtA hai ki vaijJAnika zakti Atmatattva taka pahuMcane meM asamartha ho rahegI / isI bhitti para sthita unakA svapna sambandhI vicAra bhI adhUrA hI raha gayA hai, yathArthataH svapnakA sambandha AtmAse hI hai, jaisA ki prAcya AcAryoMne subodha evaM vyAvahArika DhaMga se pramANita kara saMsArake sAmane upasthita kiyA hai / prAcya vivecanAnumodita AtmAkI amaratAke siddhAntase yaha spaSTatayA siddha hotA hai ki hamAre vartamAna jIvanakA sAMskArika sambandha pUrva bhavoMse bhI hai, isaliye yaha svayaM siddha hai ki svapnapara bhI pUrvabhavoM ke saMskAra zAsana karate haiM / pAzcAtya jagat meM svapnake Upara kAphI khoja kI gaI hai, aba taka aMgrejI meM 'anumAnata: 100150 pustakeM isa sambandha meM likhI jA cukI haiM / vaijJAnikoMne adhikAMza rUpameM svapna ke kAraNoM kI khoja kI hai, usake phalAphalakI nahIM / arastU (Aristotle) kAraNoMkA anveSaNa karate hue likhate hai ki jAgRta avasthA meM jina pravRttiyoMkI ora vyaktikA dhyAna nahIM jAtA haiM, ve hI pravRttiyA~ arddhanidrita avasthAmeM uttajita hokara mAnasika jagat meM jAgarUka ho jAtI haiM / ataH svapna meM hameM hamArI chupI huI pravRttiyoMkA hI darzana hotA hai| eka dUsare pazcimIya dArzanikane manovaijJAnika kAraNoMkI khoja karate hue batalAyA hai ki svapna meM mAnasika jagatke sAtha bAhya jagatkA sambandha rahatA hai, isaliye hameM bhaviSyameM ghaTanevAlI ghaTanAoMkI sUcanA svapnakI pravRttiyoM se milatI hai / DaoNkTara sI0 je0 hviTave' (Dr. C. J. whitby) ne manovizeSa jAnane ke liye dekheM 1. Dreams by Henri Berg son, 2, Theam Proble, Volume, second Part 1 P,309,

Page #453
bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA bhavadAna vaijJAnika DhaMgase svapna kAraNoMkI khoja karate hue likhA hai ki garmIko kamIke kAraNa hRdayakI jo kriyAe~ jAgRta avasthAmeM suSupta rahatI haiM, ve hI svapnAvasthA meM uttajita hokara sAmane A jAtI haiM / jAgRta avasthAyeM kArya saMlagnatAke kAraNa jina vicAroMkI ora hamArA dhyAna nahIM jAtA hai, nidrita avasthA meM ve hI vicAra svapna rUpase sAmane Ate haiM / pRthak goriyana siddhAntameM mAnA gayA hai ki zarIra AtmAkI kabra hai / nidrita avasthAmeM AtmA zarIrase svatantra hokara apane asala jIvanakI ora pravRtta hotI hai aura ananta jIvanakI ghaTanAoM ko lA upasthita karatI hai / isIliye hameM svapna meM aparicita vastuoMke bhI darzana hote haiM / zukarAta kahate haiM ki-jAgRta avasthAmeM AtmA baddha hai, kintu svapnAvasthA meM AtmA svatantra rahatI hai, isaliye svapna meM svatantratAkI bAteM socatI rahatI hai / isI kAraNa hameM nAnA prakAra ke vicitra spapna Ate haiM jo AtmAe~ kaluSita haiM unake svapna gande aura sAdhAraNa hote haiM, para pavitra AtmAoMke svapna adhika prabhAvotpAdaka evaM antarjagat aura bAhyajagat se sambandhita hote haiM / inake dvArA hameM bhAvI jIvanakI sUcanAe~ milatI haiM / neraMgAM' (Narrangga ) mAnate haiM ki jaise hama avakAza milanepara Amoda-pramoda karate haiM usI prakAra svapnAvasthAmeM AtmA bhI svatantra hokara Amoda-pramoda karatI hai aura vaha mRta AtmAoM se sambandha sthApita karake unase bAtacIta karatI hai, isIliye hameM svapna meM aparicita cIjeM bhI dikhAI par3atI haiM / pavitra AtmAoMke svapna unake bhUta aura bhAvI jIvanake pratIka haiM / vivaloniyana ( Bablylonin) kahate haiM svapna meM deva aura deviyA~ AtI haiM tathA svapnameM hameM unhI ke dvArA bhAvI jIvanako sUcanAe~ milatI haiM, isaliye kabhI-kabhI svapnakI bAteM saca hotI haiN| (Giljames ) gilajemsa nAmaka mahAkavya meM likhA hai ki vIroMko rAta meM svapna dvArA unake bhaviSya kI sUcanA dI jAtI thI / svapnakA sambandha devI-devatAoM se hai, manuSyoM se nahIM / devI-devatA hI svabhAvataH vyaktise prasanna hokara usake zubhAzubhakI sUcanA dete haiM / 408 Adhunika vaijJAnikoMne svapnake kAraNoMkA anveSaNa do prakArase kiyA hai| kuchane Facant kAraNa zArIrika vikAra aura kuchane mAnasika vikAra mAnA hai / zArIrika kriyAoM ko pradhAnatA dene vAle vidvAn mAnate haiM ki mastiSka ke madhyasthita koSake Abhyantarika parivartana ke kAraNa mAnasika cintA kI utpatti hotI hai / vibhinna koSa jAgRtAvasthAmeM saMyukta rahate haiM, kintu nidritAvasthA meM saMyoga TUTa jAtA hai, jisase cintAdhArA kI zRMkhalA naSTa ho jAtI hai aura svapnakI sRSTi hotI hai / mAnasika vikAsako kAraNa mAnanevAle ThIka isase viparIta haiM, unakA mata hai ki nidritAvasthA meM koSakA saMyoga bhaMga nahIM hotA, balki aura bhI ghaniSTha ho jAtA hai, jisase svAbhAvika cintAkI vibhinna dhArAe~ mila jAtI haiM, inhIM ke kAraNa svapna jagat kI sRSTi hotI hai / kinhIM kinhIM vidvAnoMne batalAyA hai| ki nidritAvasthA meM hamAre zarIra meM nAnA prakAra ke viSAkta padArtha ekatrita ho jAte haiM, jinase kriyA meM bAdhA pahu~catI hai, isaliye svapna dekhe jAte haiN| zArIrika vijJAnake vizleSaNase patA lagatA hai ki nidritAvasthA meM mAnasika vRttiyA~ sarvathA nisteja nahIM ho jAtI haiM / hA~, jAgatAvasthAmeM jo zrRMkhalA mAnasika vRttiyoMmeM dekhI jAtI hai vaha avazya naSTa ho jAtI 1. The Dream Problem by Ram Narayan L, M, S, P 105,

Page #454
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 409 hai / nAnA prakAra kI adbhuta cintAe~ aura dRzya manameM utpanna hote haiM / jAgRtAvasthAmeM darzana zravaNa sparzana evaM cAkSuSa Adi pratyakSAnubhUtiyoM ke pratirUpa vartamAna rahate haiM, kintu suSuptAvasthAmeM sirpha dArzana-pratyakSake pratirUpa hI vartamAna rahate haiN| cintAdhArA dina aura rAta donoMmeM samAna rUpase calatI hai, lekina jAgRtAvasthAkI cintAdhAga para hamArA niyantraNa rahatA hai, para suSuptAvasthA kI cintAdhArA para hamArA niyaMtraNa nahIM rahatA hai, isIliye svapna bhI nAnA alaMkAramaya pratirUpoMmeM dikhalAI par3ate haiN| svapnameM dArzana pratyakSAnubhUtike atirikta zeSAnubhUtiyoM kA abhAva hone para bhI sukha, duHkha, krodha, Ananda, bhaya, IrSA Adi saba prakArake manobhAva pAye jAte haiN| ina bhAvoMke pAye jAne kA pradhAna kAraNa ajJAta icchA hI hai / pAzcAtya vidvAnoMne kevala vijJAnake dvArA hI svapnake kAraNoMkI khoja nahIM kI, kyoMki vijJAna Adi kAraNakA anusandhAna nahIM karatA hai, Adi kAraNakA anusandhAna karanA darzana zAstrakA kAma hai| pAzcAtya darzanake anusAra svapna nidrAvasthAko cintAmAtra hai| hamArI jo icchAe~ jAgRta jagatmeM pUrI nahIM hotIM yA jinake pUre honemeM bAdhAeM rahatI haiM, ve hI icchAe~ svapnameM kAlpanika bhAvase paritRpta hotI hai / kisI cintA yA icchAke pUrNa na honese manameM jisa azAntikA udaya hotA hai, svapna meM kalpanA dvArA usakI zAnti ho jAtI hai / manakI azAnti dUra karaneke kAraNa svapna nidrAkA sahAyaka hai / uparyukta paMktiyoMmeM batAyA gayA hai ki ruddhaicchA hI svapnameM kAlpanika rUpase paritRpta hotI hai| aba yaha batalAnA hai ki ruddha-icchA kyA hai ? aura isakI utpatti kaise hotI hai ? dainika kAryoMkI AlocanA karanese spaSTa hai ki hamAre prAyaH sabhI kArya icchAkRta hote haiM / kinhIM-kinhIM kAryoM meM hamArI icchA spaSTa rahatI hai aura kinhIM-kinhIM meM aspaSTa evaM ruddha-icchA rahatI hai| jaise gaNita karanekI AvazyakatA huI aura gaNita karanekI icchA hote hI eka sthAna para gaNita karaneke liye jA baitthe| yahAM guNA, bhAga, jor3a, ghaTAva AdimeM bahuta-sI kriyAeM aisI raheMgI jinameM icchAke astitvakA patA nahIM lagegA, para vahA~ hama icchAoM ke astitvakA abhAva nahIM kaha sakate haiN| jJAta aura ajJAta icchAoMkA patA lagAneke liye manakA vizleSaNa karanA atyAvazyaka hai| kucha manovaijJAnikoMne icchAoMko pradhAna rUpase chaH bhAgoMmeM bAMTA hai-(1) spaSTa icchA-jina icchAoMkA astitvarUpa saralatAse jAnA jA sakatA hai / (2) aspaSTa-icchA-jo icchAeM manameM spaSTarUpase udita nahIM huI haiM, kintu jinake astitvameM sandeha nahIM hai aura jo jJAnake prAntameM avasthita haiN| (3) aparisphuTa-jo udita nahIM huI haiM, kintu jinakA astitva sahajameM hI jAnA jA sakatA hai| (4) anumAna-sApekSajina icchAoMke astitvakA manake vizleSaNa karanepara bhI patA na lage, kArya yA pahalI icchAse jinakA anumAna kiyA jA sake / (5) icchAbhAsa yA avizvAsika-icchA-jina icchAoMkA astitva anumAna sApekSa ho, vizleSaNase jinakI prakRtikA jJAna hone para bhI, manameM unakA honA itanA asaMbhava jaMcatA ho jisase vizvAsa bhI na kiyA jA sake / (6) ajJAta--jo icchA itanI sUkSma ho ki jJAnameM bhI na lAI jA ske| kisI-kisI pAzcAtya dArzanikane icchAke cAra hI pradhAna bheda batalAye haiM, ina cAroMko ajJAta-icchAke antargata rakhA jAya to anucita na hogaa| (1) saMjJAta--jo icchA

Page #455
410 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna jAnake adhikArake bhItara ho| (2) asaMjJAta-ceSTA dvArA jahA~ jJAnakA adhikAra vistRta kiyA jAya / (3) antarjAta-jJAnake adhikArake bahirbhUta hote hue bhI jisa icchAkA manameM kisI na kisI dina uThanA saMbhava ho / (4) ajJAta yA nirjAta-jo icchA kabhI na uTha sake, jisakA astitva kevala anumAna gamya ho / icchAke isa dArzanika vizleSaNase patA lagatA hai ki svapnameM nAmA prakArakI ajJAta-icchAe~ apanA jAla bichAtI rahatI haiN| isaliye svapnagata avadamitta-icchAe~ sIdhe-sAde rUpameM caritArtha na hokara jJAnake pathameM bAdhaka hotI haiN| tathA ajJAta ruddha icchA hI aneka prakArase manake praharIko dhokhA dekara vikRta avasthAmeM prakAzita hotI hai aura avadamita icchAoMke AtmaprakAzameM unakI ruddha icchAeM bAdhA pahuMcAtI haijaise maranekI icchAko jInekI icchA panapane nahIM detii| jisa samaya bhI maranekI icchA hamAre manameM prakaTa honekI ceSTA karatI hai, usI samaya jInekI icchA prakaTa hokara bAdhA pahuMcAtI hai / phalasvarUpa maranekI icchA sIdhe-sAde rUpameM manameM na uThakara taraha-tarahase prakAzita hotI hai| saMkaTapUrNa paristhitimeM utarakara bahAdurI dikhAnekI icchA kevala mRtyukI icchAkA hI rUpAntara hai| isa icchAke isa parivartita rUpako dekhakara nahIM samajha sakate haiM ki vaha yathArthameM maranekI icchA hai| yadi isa paristhiti meM jInekI icchAko praharI mAna lete haiM to yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki isa praharoke kAraNa hI mRtyu icchA apane asalI rUpameM prakAzita nahIM ho skii| mRtyu icchA vipatti ke kAryoM meM vAhavAhI lenekI icchAse chadmaveza dhAraNa kara letI hai aura isa prakAra praharIko sahajameM dhatA batA sakatI hai| ataH uparyukta vizleSaNase yaha spaSTa hai ki svapnameM ajJAta-icchAko dhokhA dekara nAnA rUpakoM aura uparUpakoMmeM hamAre sAmane AtI hai| svapnake arthaka vikRta hone kA pradhAna kAraNa avadamita icchA-jo icchA ajJAta hokara svapna meM prakAzita honekI ceSTA karatI hai, praharIkI-manake jo-jo bhAva ruddhaicchAke prakAzita hone meM bAdhA pahuMcAte haiM unake samaSTi rUpa praharIko dhokhA dene ke liye chadmavezameM prakAzita hokara zAnta nahIM hotI hai, balki pAkhaNDarUpa dhAraNa karake apaneko praharIkI najaroMse bacAnekI ceSTA karatI hai| isa prakAra nAnA icchAoMkA eka jAla bicha jAtA hai, isase svapnakA yathArtha artha vikRta ho jAtA hai| dArzana pariNati (Visuabmagery) abhikrAnti (Displacement), saMkSepana (Condensation) aura nATakIya pariNati (Dramtization) ye cAra artha vikRtike AkAra hai / manakA praharI jitanA sajaga hogA, svapna bhI utane hI vikRta AkArameM prakAzita hogA / praharIke kAryameM DhilAI honepara svapnakI mUla icchA avikRta avasthAmeM prakAzita hotI hai| manakA praharI jAgRtAvasthAmeM sajaga rahatA hai aura nidvitAvasthAmeM zithila / isI kAraNa nidritAvasthAmeM manakI apUrNa icchAeM svapna dvArA kAlpanika tRptikA sAdhana banatI haiM / isI prakAra vizvavizruta manovaijJAnika' phrAyaDane svapnake kAraNoMkI khoja karate hue 1. (a) dekheM-The interpretation of dreams. (b) Delusion & dream. Studies in Dreams by Mary Arnaldforster P. 8 to 30. Dreams Scientific & practical Interpretations by G. H, Miler P, 8 to 24,

Page #456
jyotiSa evaM gaNita batalAyA hai ki vahudhA svapna atyanta vikRta rUpameM hamAre sAmane Ate haiM aura arthahIna jAna paDate haiM, para manovijJAnake paNDita usa arthahInatAmeM bhI atyanta mahattvapUrNa artha khoja nikAlate haiM / pratyeka svapna hamArI kisI AzA yA AzaMkAkA rUpaka hotA hai| hamArI guptabhAvanA svapnameM yathArtha rUpameM apaneko prakaTa na karake guptavezameM nAnA rUpakoMke jAla bichAkara vyakta hotI hai / manuSya apane svabhAvagata asamarthatAko kSati pUrti jina-jina rUpoMmeM karatA hai, usake svapnoMkI bhI gaNanA unhIM meM kI jA sakatI hai| kyoMki svapnoMke dvArA vaha apanI una icchAoMkI pUtti karatA hai jinheM vaha vAstavika jagatmeM pUrA nahIM kara pAtA / svapna vAstavameM manuSyakI antarbhAvanAoMke darpaNa hote haiN| kisI manaSyake bhItarakI saccI bAta jAnanekI AvazyakatA ho to usake svapnoMko jAna lenA hI yatheSTa hogaa| eka bhAratIya vidvAn'ne eka jagaha likhA hai ki manuSya ke bhItara kamase kama do vyaktitva sadA, saba samaya vartamAna rahate haiM / usakA eka vyaktitva use apanI svAbhAvika icchAoMkI pUttike lie prerita karatA hai aura dUsarA vyaktitva samAjake kar3e niyamoMke pAlaneke liye utkaNThita rahatA hai| pahalA vyaktitva usako antabhUmimeM soI huI avasthAmeM dabA par3A rahatA hai, para dUsarA vyaktitva (mamAjake zAsanacakrako mAnakara calanevAlA vyaktitva) saba jagaha jAgatA rahatA hai, yahA~ taka ki hamArI nidrita avasthAse vaha pulisake caukIdArakI taraha caukannA rahatA hai / jaba svapna dekhate haiM taba hamAre donoM vyaktitva saceSTa rahate haiN| donoM vyaktitva eka dUsarepara kar3I nigAha rakhate haiM / pulisakA kAma karanevAlA vyaktitva svAbhAvika icchAoMkI ora jhukanevAle vyaktitvako dhara pakar3ane ke liye taiyAra rahatA hai, para dUsarA vyaktitva usa pulisa praharIko dhokhA dekara apanI sahaja icchAoMko veza badala kara caritArtha kara letA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki hamAre svapna hameM arthahIna aura vicitra jAna par3ate haiM para ve vAstavameM arthahIna nahIM hote, balki hamAre bhItara vartamAna pulisa praharIko dhokhA deneke liye nirAle rUpaka-maya rUpa dhAraNa kara lete haiM / isa prakAra hamAre mUla vyaktitvakI AkAkSAeM pUrI hotI haiM / jemsa elena likhate haiM ki mAnavake antastala meM jo sad bA asad icchAe~ vartamAna rahatI haiM ve svapnameM AtI hai| kalpanAoMke saMsArakA dUsarA nAma svapna unhoMne rakkhA hai / lilIne svapnakA manovaijJAnika vizleSaNa karate hue likhA hai ki jitane bhI U~ce svapna dekhanevAle hue haiM yA jinake UMce mantavya rahe haiM ve saMsArake muktidAtA hue haiN| svapna manuSyako antarbhAvanAoMke sacce pratIka haiM / jI0 eca0 milara sA0 ne apanI Dreams Scientific pustakameM likhA hai ki "A dream is an event transpiring in that world belonging to the mind when the objective senses have withdrawn into rest or oblivion. Than the syiritual man is ling alone in the future or ahead of cbjeetiu lifc and consequently lives man's firs developing conditions in a way that enables waking man to shape his actions by warnings, so as to make life a perfect existence". arthAt suSuptAvasthAmeM mastiSkakA Antarika 1. dainika jIvana aura manovijJAna / 2. Asyns Thinkett P. 18. H, H. Sayce P, 33.

Page #457
412 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna saMsArase sambandha rahane ke kAraNa vyaktimeM AdhyAtmikatA adhika rahatI hai / isa liye vyaktikA sambandha vAstavika arthAt bAhya saMsArase na rahakara Antarika saMsArase rahatA hai, ataH svapnake dvArA bhAvI jIvanakI ghaTanAoMkI sUcanA milatI hai / svapnase hI mAnava jIvana meM pUrNatA AtI hai / ataeva svapnoMko bhaviSyakI sUcanA denevAle mAnanA cAhiye / prAcya vicAradhArAko suvidhAke khyAlase vicAra karaneke liye pradhAnatayA tIna bhAgoMmeM bA~Ta sakate hai-(1) dArzanika dhicAradhArA (2) Ayurvedika vicAradhArA aura (3) jyotiSika vicaardhaaraa| dArzanika vicAradhArAkI tIna upadhArAe~ hai-(1) jaina, (2)bauddha aura (3) vaidika / jaina varzana-jaina mAnyatAmeM svapna saMcita karmoke anusAra ghaTita hone vAle zubhAzubha phalake dyotaka haiN| svapnazAstroMke adhyayanase spaSTa avagata ho jAtA hai ki karmabaddha prANI mAtrakI kriyAe~ sAMsArika jIvoMko unake bhUta aura bhAvI jIvanako sUcanA detI haiN| svapna kA antaraMga kAraNa jJAnAvaraNI, darzanA varaNI aura antarAyake kSayopazamake sAtha mohanIyakA udaya hai / jisa vyaktike jitanA ina karmoMkA kSayopazama hogA usa vyaktike svapnoM kA phala bhI utanA hI adhika satya niklegaa| tIvra karmoMke udaya vAle vyaktiyoMke svapna nirarthaka evaM sArahIna hote haiM, isakA mukhya kAraNa hai ki suSuptAvasthA meM bhI AtmA to jAgRta hI rahatI hai kevala indriyoM aura manakI zakti vizrAma karane ke lie suSupta-sI ho jAtI hai| jisake upayukta karmAkA bhayopazama hai usake kSayopazamajanya indriya aura mana sambandhI cetanatA yA jJAnAvasthA adhika rahatI hai| isaliye jJAnako mAtrAko ujjvalatAse nidrita avasthAmeM jo kucha dekhate haiM, usakA sambandha hamAre bhUta, vartamAna aura bhAvI jIvanase hai / isI kAraNa svapnazAstriyoMne svapnako bhUta, vartamAna aura bhaviSya jIvanakA dyotaka batalAyA haiM / paurANika aneka AkhyAnoMse bhI yahI siddha hotA hai ki svapna mAnava ko usake bhAvI jIvanameM ghaTanevAlI ghaTanAoMkI sUcanA dete haiN| baudarzana-bauddha mAnyatAmeM svabhAvataH padArthoMke kSaNika honeke kAraNa suSuptAvasthAmeM bhI kSaNa-kSaNa dhvaMsI AtmAkI jJAnasantAna calatI rahatI hai, para isa jJAnasantAnakA jIvAtmAke Upara koI sthAyI prabhAva nahIM par3atA hai na pUrva saMcita saMskAra hI vastubhUta haiM / isaliye svapnakA phala jIvAtmAse kucha sambandha nahIM rakhatA hai / kevala zArIrika vikArake kAraNa svapna Ate haiM, AtmA svapnase pRthak rahatI hai / bauddha granthoMke paurANika AkhyAnoMmeM kucha svapna sambandho kathAyeM avazya milatI hai, para dArzanikoMne svapnake sambandhameM vicAra nahIM kiyA hai / vaivika barzana--isa mAnyatAmeM pradhAnataH advaita, dvaita aura viziSTAdvaita ye tIna dArzanika siddhAnta haiM, avAntara vicAradhArAe~ inhIM ke antargata haiM / ata varzana--isa mAnyatAmeM pUrva aura vartamAna saMcita saMskAroMke kAraNa jAgRta avasthAmeM jina icchAoMkI pUrti nahIM hotI hai, svapnAvasthAmeM unhoM icchAoMko pUrti batAI gaI hai| svapna AnekA pradhAna kAraNa avidyA hai, isaliye svapnakA sambandha avidyA sambaddha jIvAtmAse hai, paramabrahmase nahIM / svapnake phalakA prabhAva jIvAtmAke Upara par3atA hai, para yaha phala bhI mAyArUpa bhrAnta hai|

Page #458
jyotiSa evaM gaNita huta darzana-isa darzanameM puruSa prakRtike sambandhake kAraNa vikRtAvasthAko dhAraNa kara letA hai / isa vikRta puruSameM hI janma-janmAntarake saMskAra saMcita rahate haiN| pUrva tathA vartamAna janmake saMskAroMke kAraNa vikRta puruSa svapna dekhatA hai / ataH svapnakA sambandha nirlepI puruSase na hokara prati mizrita puruSake bhUta, vartamAna aura bhAvI jIvanase hai| viziSThAta--isa mAnyatAmeM batAyA gayA hai ki saMcita, prArabdha, kAmya aura niSiddha ina cAra prakArake karmoM meM se saMcita aura prArabdha karmoM ke anusAra prANiyoMke svapna Ate haiM / svapnakA sambandha brahmake aMzabhUta jIvase hai / isa darzanakI mAnyatAke anusAra prANI saMcita karmoMkA phala bhI svapnameM bhoga sakatA hai| paurANika AkhyAnoMmeM mahArAja satya harizcandrakA udAharaNa bhI isI prakArakA hai, jinhoMne svapna meM aneka bhAvoMke saMcita "Domake yahA~ vikraya honeke" phalako prApta kara liyA thaa| Ayurvedika vicAradhArA'--isa mAnyatAke anusAra manake bahanevAlI nAr3iyoMke chidra jisa samaya ati balI tInoM doSoMse (vAta, pitta aura kapha) paripUrNa ho jAte haiM usa samaya prANiyoMko zubha aura azubha svapna Ate haiN| jisa samaya prANI na atyanta sotA hai aura na jAgatA ho arthAta addha nidrita avasthAmeM indriyoMke adhipati manake dvArA saphala aura niSphala aneka prakArake svapna dekhatA hai / isa mAnyatAmeM batAyA gayA hai ki vyaktiyoMko nAnA prakArake rogoMkI svapna dvArA cetAvanI dI jAtI hai / caraka aura suzra take AdhAraparase kuchakA ullekha kiyA jAtA hai| . jo manuSya svapnameM kuttA, UMTa aura gadhepara car3hakara dakSiNa dizAko jAtA hai, usako rAjayakSmA; jo svapna meM lAkha aura lAla vastrake samAna AkAzako dekhatA hai, use raktapitta; jise svapnameM zUlaroga, apharA, A~toMkA roga, atyanta durbalatAkA anubhava ho aura nakhoMkA raMga vikRta mAlUma ho, use gulma; jo svapna meM zarIrameM ghAva dekhe, nagna ho ghRta lagAve, jvAlA rahita agnimeM havana kare aura hRdayameM kamala prakaTa huA dekhe, use kuSTharoga; jo svapnameM cANDAla, karmakAra Adi nIca varNavAle vyaktiyoMke sAtha ghRta, taila Adi snigdha padArthoMkA pAna kare, use madhumeha; jo svapna meM aneka vyaktiyoM sahita nAcatA huA jalameM nimagna hotA dekhe, use unmAda; svapnameM kuttese prema karate hue dekhanese jvara; rAkSasoMke sAtha prIti karate hue dekhanese apasmAra; bandaroMke sAtha prIti karate hue dekhanese gupta roga; svapnameM canekI tila milI pUr3I khAnese mastaka aura chadi roga; svapnameM mArga calatA huA dekhanese zvAsa; svapnameM haldI mile padArthakA sevana karatA huA dekhanese pANDu roga aura svapnameM lAla tathA kAle vastravAlI strIke sAtha vArtAlApa karanese bhayAnaka roga hote haiM / vAgbhaTTa ne batAyA hai ki jisa manuSyakI vAta prakRti hotI hai, vaha svapnameM AkAzameM bhramaNa karanA, ur3anA tathA kAle raMgakI vastuoMko aura pracaNDa pavana-A~dhI Adi dekhatA hai / pittAdhika prakRti vAlA sone yA ratnoMkI mAlAoM, sUrya, agni aura bijalI Adi prakAzamAna padArthoMko dekhatA hai / kaphAdhika prakRti 1. manovahAnAM pUrNatvAddoSaratibalaistribhiH srotasAM dAruNAnsvapnAnkAle pazyatyadAruNAn / vizeSa jAnane ke liye dekho vAgbhaTTa zArIrasthAna 6vAM adhyAya

Page #459
414 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna ur3anA vAlA candramA, nakSatra zveta puSpa aura nadI, tAlAba Adiko dekhatA hai / apanI-apanI prakRti ke anukUla dekhe gaye svapna nirarthaka hote haiM arthAt vAtAdhika prakRtivAlA AkAza meM 'dekhe yA vAta prakRti sambandhI anya svapnoMko dekhe to aise svapnoMkA phala nahIM hotA hai / jyotiSika vicAradhArA - upalabdha jaina jyotiSameM nimittazAstra apanA vizeSa sthAna rakhatA hai| jahAM jainAcAryoMne jIvana meM ghaTanevAlI aneka ghaTanAoMke iSTAniSTa kAraNoMkA vizleSaNa kiyA hai, vahA~ svapna ke dvArA bhAvI jIvanakI unnati aura avanatikA vizleSaNa bhI atyanta mahattvapUrNa DhaMga se kiyA hai / yoM to prAcIna vaidika dharmAvalambI jyotiSazAstriyoMne bhI isa viSayapara paryApta likhA hai, para jainAcAryoM dvArA pratipAdita svapna zAstra meM kaI vizeSatAeM haiM / vaidika jyotiSazAstriyoMne Izvarako sRSTikarttA mAnA hai, isaliye svapnako bhI IzvarakI prerita icchAoMkA phala batAyA hai / varAhamihira, bRhaspati aura paulastya Adi vikhyAta gaNoMne IzvarakI preraNAko hI svapna meM pradhAna kAraNa batAyA hai / phalAphalakA vivecana jainAjaina jyotiSazAstra meM daza - pA~ca sthaloMko chor3akara prAyaH samAna hI hai / jaina svapna zAstra meM ' pradhAnatayA nimna sAta prakArake svapna batAye gaye haiM / (1) dRSTa jo kucha jAgRta avasthAmeM dekhA ho usIko svapnAvasthAmeM dekhA jAya; (2) zruta-soneke pahale kabhI kisIse sunA ho usIko svapnAvasthAmeM dekhA jAya; (3) anubhUta - jisakA jAgRtAvasthA meM kisI bhA~ti anubhava kiyA ho, usIko svapnameM dekhe; (4) prArthita - jinakI jAgRtAvasthAmeM prArthanA - icchA kI ho usIko svapna meM dekhe; (5) kalpita - jisakI jAgRtAvasthAmeM kabhI bhI kalpanA kI gaI ho usIko svapna meM dekhe; (6) bhAvika - jo kabhI na to dekhA gayA ho aura na sunA ho, para jo bhaviSya meM honevAlA ho use svapna meM dekhA jAya aura (7) doSaja - bAta, pitta aura kapha inake vikRta ho jAnese dekhA jAya / ina sAta prakArake svapnoMmeM se pahale ke pAMca prakArake svapna prAyaH niSphala hote haiM, vastutaH bhAvika svapnakA phala hI satya hotA hai / rAtrike praharake anusAra svapnakA phala -rAtrike pahale praharameM dekhe gaye svapna eka varSameM; dUsare praharameM dekhe gaye svapna ATha mahIne meM ( candrasena munike mata se 7 mahIne meM ); tIsare prahara meM dekhe gaye svapna tIna mahIne meM; bauthe prahara meM dekhe gaye svapna eka mahIne meM (varAhamihira ke matase 16 dinameM ); brAhma muhUrtta ( uSAkAla) meM dekhe gaye svapna dasa dina meM aura prAtaH kAla sUryodayase kucha pUrva dekhe gaye svapna ati zIghra zubhAzubha phala dete haiM / aba jainAjaina jyotiSa zAstra ke AdhArapara kucha svapnoMkA phala nIce uddhRta kiyA jAtA hai-- aguru - jainAcArya bhadrabAhuke matase--- kAle raMgakA aguru dekhanese niHsandeha arthalAbha hotA hai / jainAcArya candrasena munike matase sukha milatA hai| barAhamihirake matase dhana lAbha ke sAtha strI lAbha bhI hotA hai / bRhaspati ke matase--iSTa mitroMke darzana, aura AcArya mayUkha evaM daivajJavarya gaNapati ke mata se artha lAbhake liye videza gamana hotA hai / vizeSa jAnane ke liye dekho - 9. bhadrabAhu nimitta zAstrakA svapnAdhyAya aura kevalajJAnahorAkA svapna prakaraNa

Page #460
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 415 agni-jainAcArya candrasena munike matase dhUma yukta agni dekhanese uttamakAnti, varAhamihira aura mArkaNDeyake matase prajvalita agni dekhanese kArya siddhi; daivajJa gaNapatike matase agni bhakSaNa karanA dekhanese bhUmi lAbhake sAtha strI ratnakI prApti aura bRhaspatike matase jAjvalyamAna agni dekhanese kalyANa hotA hai / ____ agnivagdha-jo manuSya Asana, zayyA, yAna aura vAhana para svayaM sthita hokara apane zarIrako agnidagdha hote dekhe (matAntarase anyako jalatA huA dekhe aura tatkSaNa jAga uThe, to use dhana-dhAnyakI prApti hotI hai / agnimeM jalakara mRtyu dekhanese rogI puruSako mRtyu aura svastha puruSa bImAra hotA hai / gRha athavA dUsarI vastuko jalate hue dekhanA zubha hai / varAhamihirake matase agni lAbha bhI zubha hai / anna-anna dekhanese artha lAbha aura santAnakI prApti hotI hai| AcArya candrasenake matase zveta anna dekhanese iSTa mitroMkI prApti; lAla anna dekhanese roga; pIlA anAja dekhanese harSa aura kRSNa anAja dekhanese mRtyu hotI hai| alaGkAra-alaMkAra dekhanA zubha hai, para pahananA kaSTaprada hotA hai / astra-astra dekhanA zubha phalaprada; astra dvArA zarIrameM sAdhAraNa coTa laganA tathA astra lekara dUsarekA sAmanA karanA vijayaprada hotA hai / anulepana-zveta raMgakI vastuoMkA anulepana zubha phala denevAlA hotA hai| varAhamihirake matase lAla raMgake gandha, candana aura puSpamAlA Adike dvArA apaneko zobhAyamAna dekhe to zIghra mRtyu hotI hai| andhakAra--andhakAramaya sthAnoMmeM vana, bhUmi, guphA aura suraMga Adi sthAnoMmeM praveza karate hue dekhanA rogasUcaka hai| AkAza--bhadrabAhu svAmIke matase nirmala AkAza dekhanA zubha phalaprada; lAla varNakI AbhA vAlA AkAza dekhanA kaSTa prada aura nIla varNakA AkAza dekhanA manoratha siddha karane vAlA hotA hai / ____ ArohaNa - vRSa, gAya, hAthI, mandira, vRkSa, prAsAda aura parvatake Upara svayaM ArohaNa karate hue dekhanA yA dUsareko Arohita (car3hatA huA) dekhanA artha lAbha sUcaka hai / kapAsa-kapAsa dekhane se svastha vyakti rugNa hotA hai aura rogIkI mRtyu hotI hai / dUsareko dete hue kapAsa dekhanA zubha phalaprada hai / kabandha--nAcate hue chinna kabandha dekhanese Adhi, vyAdhi aura dhana nAza hotA hai| varAhamihirake matase mRtyu hotI hai / kalaza-kalaza dekhanese dhana, Arogya aura putrakI prApti hotI hai| kalazI dekhanese gRhameM kanyA utpanna hotI hai / kalaha-kalaha evaM lar3AI-jhagar3e dekhanese svastha vyakti rugNa hotA hai aura rogIkI mRtyu hotI hai|

Page #461
416 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna kAka-svapnameM kAka, giddha, ullU aura kukura jise cAroM orase gherakara trAsa utpanna kareM to mRtyu aura anyakA trAsa utpanna karate hue dekhe to anyakI mRtyu hotI hai| kumArI-kumArI kanyAko dekhanese artha lAbha evaM santAnakI prApti hotI hai / varAhamihirake matase kumArI kanyAke sAtha AliGgana karanA dekhanese kaSTa evaM dhana kSaya hotA hai / kUpa-gande jala yA paMka vAle kUpa (kUA) ke andara giranA yA DUbanA dekhanese svastha vyakti rogI aura rogIko mRtyu hotI hai| tAlAba yA nadImeM praveza karanA dekhanese rogIko maraNa tulya kaSTa hotA hai| mora'--nAIke dvArA svayaM apanA yA dUsarekA kSaura (hajAmata) karanA dekhanese kaSTake sAtha-sAtha dhana aura putrakA nAza hotA hai| gaNapati daivajJake matase mAtA-pitAkI mRtyu; mArkaNDeyake matase bhAryA maraNake sAtha-sAtha mAtA-pitAkI mRtyu aura bRhaspatike matase putra-maraNa hotA hai| khela2-atyanta Anandake sAtha khela khelate dekhanA duHsvapna hai| isakA phala bRhaspatike matase-ronA, zoka karanA evaM pazcAttApa karanA; brahmavaivarta purANake matase-dhana nAza, jyeSTha putra yA kanyAkA maraNa aura bhAryAko kaSTa hotA hai, nAradake matase santAna nAza aura pArAzarake matase-dhana kSayake sAtha-sAtha apakotti hotI hai| gamana-dakSiNa dizAkI ora gamana karanA dekhanese dhana nAzake sAtha kaSTa; pazcima dizAkI ora gamana karanA dekhanese apamAna; uttarako ora gamana karanA dekhanese svAsthya lAbha aura pUrva dizAkI ora gamana karanA dekhanese dhana prApti hotI hai| gata-ucca sthAnase andhakAramaya gartameM gira jAnA dekhanese rogIkI mRtyu aura svastha puruSa rugNa hotA hai / yadi svapna meM gartameM (gaDDhe) gira jAya aura uThane kA prayatna karanepara bhI bAhara na A sake to usako 10 dinake bhItara mRtyu hotI hai| - gAr3o-gAya yA bailoMke dvArA khIMce jAne vAlI gAr3Ipara baiThe hue calanA dekhanese pRthvIke nIcese cira saMcita dhanakI prApti hotI hai| varAhamihirake matase-pItAmbara dhAraNa kiye strIko eka hI sthAnapara kaI dina taka dekhanese usa sthAnapara dhana milatA hai / bRhaspatike matase-svapnameM dAhine hAthameM sA~pako kATatA huA dekhanese 100000) rupayekI prApti atizIghra hotI hai| ___ gAnA-svayaMko gAnA gAtA huA dekhanese kaSTa hotA hai / bhadrabAhu svAmIke matase svayaM yA dUsareko madhura gAnA gAte hue dekhanese mukaddamA vijaya, vyApArameM lAbha aura yaza prApti; bRhaspatike matase artha lAbhake sAtha bhayAnaka roga; nAradake matase-santAna kaSTa aura artha lAbha evaM mArkaNDeyake matase apAra kaSTa hotA hai / 1. vizeSa jAnaneke liye dekheM--muhUrtagaNapatikA 24vA prakaraNa / 2. brahmavaivarta purANa ke gaNezakhaNDakA 33vAM aura 34vA~ adhyAya /

Page #462
jyotiSa evaM gaNita gAya-duhane vAleke sAtha gAyako dekhanese kItti aura puNya lAbha hAtA hai| gaNapati daivajJake matase-jala pItI gAya dekhanese lakSmIke tulya guNa vAlI kanyAkA janma aura varAhamihirake matase-svapnameM gAyakA darzanamAtra hI santAnotpAdaka hai / giranA-svapnameM lar3akhar3Ate hue giranA dekhanese duHkha, cintA evaM mRtyu hotI hai| gRha-gRhameM praveza karanA, Upara car3hanA evaM kisIse prApta karanA dekhanese bhUmi lAbha aura dhana-dhAnyakI prApti evaM gRhakA giranA dekhanese mRtyu hotI hai / pAsa-kaccA ghAsa, zasya (dhAna) aura kacce gehU~ evaM caneke paudhe dekhanese bhAryAko garbha rahatA hai, parantu inake kATane khAnese garbhapAta hotA hai / ghRta-ghRta dekhane se mandAgni; anyase lenA dekhanese yaza prApti; ghRta pAna karanA dekhanese prameha aura zarIrameM lagAnA dekhanese mAnasika cintAoMke sAtha zArIrika kaSTa hotA hai| ghoTaka-ghor3A dekhanese artha lAbha, ghor3epara car3hanA dekhanese kuTumbavRddhi aura ghor3I kA prasava karanA dekhanese santAna lAbha hotA hai / cakSu-svapnameM akasmAt cakSu dvayakA naSTa honA dekhanese mRtyu aura eka A~khakA phUTa jAnA dekhanese kuTumbameM kisIkI mRtyu hotI hai / cAvara'-svapnameM zarIrakI cAdara, cogA yA kamIja Adiko zveta aura lAla raMgakI dekhanese santAna hAni hotI hai| citA-apaneko citApara ArUr3ha dekhanese bImArakI mRtyu aura svastha vyakti bImAra hotA hai| bala-svapna meM nirmala jala dekhanese kalyANa, jala dvArA abhiSeka dekhanese bhUmikI prApti; jalameM DUbakara bilaga honA dekhanese mRtyu; jalako tairakara pAra karanA dekhanese sukha aura jala pInA dekhanese kaSTa hotA hai / jUtA-svapnameM jUtA dekhane se videza yAtrA, jUtA prApta kara upabhoga karanA dekhanese jvara evaM jUtAse mAra-pITa karanA dekhanese 6 mahIne meM mRtyu hotI hai| tila-taila-tila, taila aura khalIkI prApti honA dekhane se kaSTa, pInA aura bhakSaNa karanA dekhanese mRtyu aura mAliza karanA dekhanese mRtyu tulya kaSTa hotA hai / baSi-svapnameM dadhi dekhanese prIti, bhakSaNa karanA dekhanese yaza prApti, bhAtake sAtha bhakSaNa karanA dekhanese santAna lAbha aura dUsaroMko denA lenA dekhanese artha lAbha hotA hai / ta-dAMta kamajora ho gaye haiM aura giraneke liye taiyAra haiM yA gira rahe haiM, aisA dekhanese dhanakA nAza aura zArIrika kaSTa hotA hai| varAhamihirake matase svapnameM nakha, dAMta aura kezoMkA giranA dekhanA mRtyu sUcaka hai / 1. vizeSa jAnaneke liye dekho-matsyapurANakA 242 vA adhyAya / 53

Page #463
418 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna dopaka-svapnameM dIpaka jalA huA dekhanese artha lAma, akasmAt nirvANa prApta huA dekhanese mRtyu aura Urdhva lo dekhanese yaza prApti hotI hai / dega-pratimA-svapnameM iSTadevakA darzana, pUjana aura AhvAnana karanA dekhanese vipula dhanakI prAptike sAtha paramparAse mokSa milatA hai| svapnameM pratimAkA kampita honA, girana hilanA, calanA, nAcanA aura gAte hue dekhanese Adhi, vyAdhi aura mRtyu,hotI hai| nagna-svapnameM nagna hokara mastiSkake Upara lAla raMgakI puSpamAlA dhAraNa karanA dekhanese mRtyu hotI hai| nRtya-svapna meM svayaMkA nRtya karanA dekhanese roga aura dUsareko nRtya karatA havA dekhanese apamAna hotA hai| varAhamihirake matase-nRtyakA kisI bhI rUpameM dekhanA azubha pakvAnna-svapnameM pakvAnna kahIMse prApta kara bhakSaNa karatA huA dekhe to rogIko mRtyu ho aura svastha vyakti bImAra ho / svapnameM pUrI, kacaurI, mAlapuA aura miSTAnna khAnA dekhanese zIghra mRtyu hotI hai| phala-svapnameM phala dekhanese dhanakI prApti, phala khAnA dekhanese roga evaM santAna nAza aura phalakA apaharaNa karanA dekhanese corI evaM mRtyu Adi aniSTa phaloM kI prApti hotI hai / phUla-svapna meM zveta puSpoMkA prApta honA dekhanese dhana lAbha, raktavarNake puSpoMkA prApta honA dekhanese roga; pItavarNake puSpoMkA prApta honA dekhanese yaza evaM dhana lAbha; haritavarNake puSpoMkA prApta honA dekhanese iSTa-mitroMkA milana aura kRSNavarNake puSpa dekhanese mRtyu hotI hai| bhUkampa'-bhUkampa honA dekhane se rogIko mRtyu aura svastha vyakti rugNa hotA hai / pandrasena munike matase-svapnameM bhUkampa dekhane se rAjAkA maraNa hotA hai| bhadrabAhu svAmIke manase-svapnameM bhUkampa honA dekhanese rAjya vinAzake sAtha dezameM bar3A bhArI upadrava hotA hai| mala-mUtra--svapnameM mala-mUtrakA zarIrameM lagajAnA dekhanese dhana prApti; bhakSaNa karanA dekhanese sukha aura sparza karanA dekhanese sukha aura sammAna milatA hai / mRtyu-svapnameM kisIko mRtyu dekhanese zubha hotA hai aura jisakI mRtyu dekhate haiM vaha dIrghajIvI hotA hai, parantu anya duHkhada ghaTanAeM sunaneko milatI hai| yava-sva meM jo dekhanese gharameM pUjA, homa aura anya mAGgalika kArya hote hai| pura-svapnameM yuddha meM vijaya dekhanese zubha; parAjaya dekhanese azubha aura yura sambandhI vastuoMko dekhanese cintA hotI hai| __pira-svapnameM zarIrameMse rudhira nikalanA dekhanese dhana dhAnyakI prApti; rudhirase abhiSeka karatA huA dekhanese sukha; snAna dekhanese artha lAbha aura rudhira pAna karanA dekhanese vidyA lAbha evaM artha lAbha hotA hai / 1. vizeSa jAnaneke liye dekho devIpurANakA 22vAM adhyAya aura kAlikApurANakA 8 manyAva /

Page #464
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 419 latA - svapna meM kaNTakavAlI latA dekhanese gulma roga; sAdhAraNa phala-phUla sahita latA dekhanese nRpa darzana aura latAke sAtha kror3A karanese roga hotA hai / lohA - svapna meM lohA dekhanese aniSTa aura lohA yA lo hese nirmita vastuoMke prApta karanese Adhi, vyAdhi aura mRtyu hotI hai / vamana - svapna meM vamana aura dasta honA dekhanese rogIkI mRtyu; mala-mUtra aura sonAcAMdI kA vamana karanA dekhanese nikaTa mRtyu; rudhira vamana karanA dekhanese 6 mAsa Ayu zeSa aura dUdha vamana karanA dekhanese putra prApti hotI hai / vivAha - svapna meM anyake vivAha yA vivAhotsava meM yoga denA dekhanese pIr3A, duHkha yA kisI AtmIya janakI mRtyu aura apanA vivAha dekhanese mRtyu yA mRtyu tulya pIr3A hotI hai / vINA -- svapna meM apane dvArA vINA bajAnA dekhanese putra prApti; dUsareke dvArA vINA bajAnA dekhanese mRtyu yA mRtyu tulya pIr3A hotI hai / zRGga - svapna meM zRGga aura nakha vAle pazuoMkA mAraneke liye daur3anA dekhanese rAjabhaya, mArate hue dekhanese roga hotA hai / strI - svapna meM zveta vastra parihitA, hAthoM meM zveta puSpa yA mAlA dhAraNa karane vAlI evaM sundara AbhUSaNoMse suzobhita strIke dekhane tathA AliGgana karanese dhama-prApti aura rogamukti hotI hai / parastriyoMkA lAbha honA athavA AliGgana karanA dekhane se zubha phala hotA hai / pItavastra parihitA aura pIta puSpa yA pIta mAlA dhAraNa karane vAlI strIko svapna meM dekhane se kalyANa; samavastra parihitA, muktakezI aura kRSNavarNake dAMta vAlI strIkA darzana yA mAliGgana karanA dekhanese 6 mAsake bhItara mRtyu aura kRSNavarNavAlI, pApinI, AcAra vihInA, lambakezI, lambe stanavAlI aura maile vastra parihitA strIkA darzana aura AliGgana karanA dekhanese zIghra mRtyu hotI hai / tithiyoMke anusAra svapnakA phala zuklapakSako pratipadA - isa tithi meM svapna dekhane para bilambase phala milatA hai / zuklapakSako dvitIyA - isa tithi meM svapna dekhane para viparIta phala hotA hai / apane liye dekhanese dUsareko aura dUsareke liye dekhanese apaneko phala milatA hai / zuklapakSako tRtIyA - isa tithi meM mI svapna dekhanese viparIta phala milatA hai, para kalakI prApti vilambase hotI hai / zuklapakSako caturthI aura paMcamI - ina tithiyoM meM svapna dekhanese do mahIne se lekara do varSake bhItara taka phala milatA hai / zuklapakSako SaSThI, saptamI, aSTamI, navamI aura dazamI - ina tithiyoM meM svapna dekhanese zIghra phalakI prApti hotI hai tathA svapna satya nikalatA hai / zuklapakSakI ekAdazI aura dvAdazI-ina tithiyoMmeM svapna dekhanese bilamba se phala hotA hai / zuklapakSa kI trayodazI aura caturdazI - ina tithiyoM meM svapna dekhane se svapna kA phala nahIM milatA / tathA svapna mithyA hote haiM /

Page #465
420 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna pUrNimA - -- isa tithike svapnakA phala avazya milatA hai / kRSNapakSako pratipadA - isa tithike svapna kA phala nahIM hotA hai / kRSNapakSako dvitIyA - isa tithike svapnakA phala vilambase milatA hai / matAntara se isakA svapna sArthaka hotA hai / kRSNapakSakI tRtIyA aura caturthI---ina tithiyoMke svapna kRSNapakSako paMcamI aura SaSThI -- ina tithiyoMke svapna do bhItara phala dene vAle hote haiM / mithyA hote haiM / mahIne bAda aura 3 varSake kRSNapakSako saptamI - isa tithikA svapna avazya zIghra hI phala detA hai / nor pakSako aSTamI aura navamI--ina tithiyoMke svapna viparIta phala dene vAle hote haiM / kRSNapakSako dazamI, ekAdazI, dvAdazI aura trayodazI ina tithiyoMke svapna mithyA hote haiN| kRSNapakSako caturdazI - isa tithikA svapna satya hotA hai tathA zIghra hI phala detA hai / amAvasyA -- isa tithikA svapna mithyA hotA hai / jaina nimittazAstra ke AdhAra para kucha viziSTa svapnoMke phala dhanaprApti sUcaka svapna svapna meM hAthI, ghor3A, baila aura siMhake Upara baiThakara gamana karatA huA dekhe to zIghra dhana milatA hai| pahAr3a, nagara, grAma, nadI aura samudra inake dekhane se bhI atula lakSmIkI prApti hotI hai| talavAra, dhanuSa aura bandUka Adi se zatruoM ko dhvansa karatA huA dekhanese apAra dhana milatA hai / svapna meM hAthI, ghor3A, baila, pahAr3a, vRkSa aura gRha ina para ArohaNa karatA huA dekhanese bhUmike nIcese dhana milatA hai / svapna meM bhakha aura semase rahita zarIrake dekhanese lakSmIkI prApti hotI hai / svapna meM dahI, chatra, phUla, camara, anna, vastra, dIpaka, tambAkU, sUrya, candramA, puSpa, kamala, candana deva- pUjA, vINA aura astra dekhanese zIghra hI lAbha hotA hai / yadi svapna meM cir3iyA para pakar3akara ur3atA huA dekhe tathA AkAza mArgameM devatAoMkI dundubhikI AvAja sune to pRthvIke nIcese zIghra dhana milatA hai / santAnotpAdaka svapna svapnameM vRSabha, kalaza, mAlA, gandha, candana, zveta puSpa, Ama, amarUda, kelA, santarA, nIbU aura nAriyala inakI prApti honese tathA deva, mUrti, hAthI, satpuruSa, siddha, gandharva, guru, suvarNa, ratna, jau, gehUM, sarasoM, kanyA, rakta-pAna karanA, apanI mRtyu dekhanA, kelA, kalpavRkSa, tIrtha, toraNa, bhUSaNa, rAjya mArga, aura maTThA dekhane se zIghra santAnakI prApti hotI hai / kintu phala aura puSpoMkA bhakSaNa karanA dekhanese santAna maraNa tathA garbhapAta hotA hai / maraNa sUcaka svapna svapnameM tela male hue, nagna hokara bhaiMsa, gadhe, U~Ta, kRSNa, baila aura kAle ghor3epara car3hakara dakSiNa dizAkI ora gamana karanA dekhanese; rasoI gRhameM, lAla puSpoMse paripUrNa vanameM aura sUtikA gRha meM aMgabhaMga puruSakA praveza karanA dekhanese; jhUlanA gAnA, khelanA, phor3anA, ha~sanA, nadIke jalameM nIce cale jAnA tathA sUrya, candramA, dhvajA aura tArA oMkA giranA dekhanese; bhasma, ghI, loha, lAkha, gIdar3a, murgA, bilAva, goha, nyolA, bicchU,

Page #466
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 421 makkhI, sarpa aura vivAha Adi utsava dekhanese evaM svapnameM dAr3hI, mUMcha aura sirake bAla muMDavAnA dekhanese mRtyu hotI hai| rogotpAdaka svapna--svapnameM netroMkA roga honA, kUpa, gar3ahA, guphA, andhakAra aura vilameM giranA dekhanese; kacaur3I, pUA, khicar3I aura pakvAnnakA bhakSaNa karanA dekhanese; garama jala, taila aura snigdha padArthoMkA pAna karanA dekhanese; kAle, lAla aura maile vastroMkA pahananA dekhanese; binA sUryakA dina, binA candramA aura tAroMkI rAtri aura asamayameM varSAkA honA dekhanese; zuSka vRkSapara car3hanA dekhanese; haMsanA aura gAnA dekhanese evaM bhayAnaka puruSako patthara mAratA huA dekhanese zIghra roga hotA hai| zoghra pANigrahaNa sUcaka svapna-svapnameM bAlikA, muragI ora krauMca pakSIke dekhanese; pAna, kapUra, agara, candana aura pIle phaloMkI prApti honA dekhanese, raNa, juA aura vivAdameM vijaya honA dekhanese; divya vastroMkA pahananA dekhanese; suvarNa aura cA~dIke bartanoMmeM khIrakA bhojana karanA dekhanese evaM zreSTha pUjya puruSoMkA darzana karanese zIghra vivAha hotA hai| pAzcAtya vidvAnoMke matAnusAra svapnoMke phala yoM to pAzcAtya vidvAnoMne adhikAMza rUpase svapnoMko nissAra batAyA hai, para kucha aise bhI dArzanika hai jo svapnoMko sArthaka batalAte haiN| unakA mata hai ki svapnameM hamArI kaI atRpta icchAe~ hI caritArtha hotI haiN| jaise hamAre manameM kahIM bhramaNa karanekI icchA honepara svapnameM yaha dekhanA koI AzcaryakI bAta nahIM hai ki hama kahIM bhramaNa kara rahe haiN| sambhava hai ki jisa icchAne hameM bhramaNakA svapna dikhAyA hai vahI kAlAntarameM hameM bhramaNa karAve / isaliye svapnameM bhAvI ghaTanAoMkA AbhAsa milanA sAdhAraNa bAta hai| kucha vidvAnoMne isa thyorIkA nAma Law of probability (sambhAvya gaNita) rakhA hai| isa siddhAntake anusAra kucha svapnameM dekhI gaI atRpta icchAe~ satyarUpameM caritArtha hotI hai, kyoMki bahuta samaya kaI icchAeM ajJAta honeke kAraNa svapnameM prakAzita rahatI haiM aura ye hI icchAe~ kisI kAraNase manameM udita hokara hamAre tadanurUpa kArya karA sakatI haiM / mAnava apanI icchAoMke balase hI sAMsArika kSetrameM unnati yA avanati karatA hai, usake jIvanameM utpanna honevAlI ananta icchAoMmeM kucha icchAe~ aprasphuTita avasthA ho vilIna ho jAtI haiM, lekina kucha icchAe~ paripakvAvasthA taka calatI rahatI haiM / ina icchAoMmeM itanI vizeSatA hotI hai ki ye binA tRpta hue lupta nahIM ho sakatI / sambhAvyagaNitake siddhAntAnusAra jaba svapnameM paripakvAvasthAvAlI atRpta icchAeM pratIkAdhArako lie hue dekhI jAtI hai, usa samaya svapnakA bhAvI phala satya nikalatA hai / abAdhabhAvAnusaGgase hamAre manake aneka guptabhAva pratIkoMse hI prakaTa ho jAte haiM, manako svAbhAvikadhArA svapna meM pravAhita hotI hai jisase svapna meM manakI aneka cintAe~ gupI huI pratIta hotI haiN| svapnake sAtha saMzliSTa manakI jina cintAoM aura gupta bhAvoMkA pratIkoMse AbhAsa milatA hai, vahI svapnakA avyakta aMza (Latent Content) bhAvI phalake rUpameM prakaTa hotA hai / astu, upalabdha sAmagrIke AdhArapara kucha svapnoMke phala nIce diye jAte haiM asvalpa-apane sivAya anya kisIko asvastha dekhanese kaSTa hotA hai aura svayaM apaneko asvastha dekhanese prasannatA hotI hai| jI0 eca0 milarake matameM svapna meM svayaM

Page #467
422 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna apaneko asvastha dekhanese kuTumbiyoMke sAtha mela-milApa bar3hatA hai evaM eka mAsake bAda svapnadraSTAko kucha zArIrika kaSTa bhI hotA hai tathA anyako asvastha dekhanese draSTA zIghra romI hotA hai / DAkTara sI0 je0 hviTaveke matAnusAra apaneko asvastha dekhane se sukha zAnti aura dUsareko asvastha dekhanese vipatti hotI hai| zukarAtake siddhAntAnusAra apane aura dUsareko asvastha dekhanA rogasUcaka hai / vivaloniyana aura pRthaga goriyanake siddhAntAnusAra apaneko asvastha dekhanA noroga sUcaka aura dUsareko asvastha dekhanA putra, mitrAdike rogako prakaTa karane vAlA hotA hai| AvAja-svapnameM kisI vicitra AvAjake svayaM sunanese azubha-sandeza sunaneko milatA hai, yadi svapnakI AvAja sunakara nidrA bhaMga ho jAtI hai to sAre kAryo meM parivartana hone kI saMbhAvanA hotI hai| anya kisokI AvAja sunate hue dekhanese putra aura strIko kaSTa hotA hai tathA apane ati nikaTa kuTumbiyoMkI AvAja sunate hue dekhanese kisI AtmIya kI mRtyu prakaTa hotI hai / DA0 jI0 eca0 milarake matase AvAja sunanA bhrama kA dyotaka hai| Upara-yadi svapnameM koI cIja apane Upara laTakatI huI dikhalAI par3e aura usake girane kA sandeha ho to zatruoMke dvArA dhokhA hotA hai / Upara gira jAnese dhana nAza hotA hai, padi Upara na girakara pAsameM giratI hai to dhana-hAnike sAtha strI, putra evaM anya kuTumbiyoM ko kaSTa hotA hai / jI0 eca0 milarake matase kisI bhI vastukA Upara giranA dhana nAza kAraka hai / DA0 sI0 je0 hviTaveke matase kisI vastuke Upara giranese tathA girakara coTa laganese mRtyu tulya kaSTa hotA hai| kaTAra-svapnameM kaTArake dekhanese kaSTa aura kaTAra calAte hue dekhanese dhana hAni tathA nikaTa kuTumbIke darzana, mAMsa bhojana evaM palose prema hotA hai| kisI-kisIke matase apanemeM svayaM kaTAra bhauMkate hue dekhanese kisIke rogI honeke samAcAra sunAI par3ate haiN| kanera-svapnameM kanerake phUle vRkSakA darzana karanese mAna pratiSThA milatI hai / kanerake vRkSase phUla aura pattoMko giranA dekhane se kisI nikaTa AtmIyakI mRtyu hotI hai| kanerakA phala bhakSaNa karanA roga sUcaka hai tathA eka saptAhake bhItara atyanta azAnti dene vAlA hotA hai / kanerake vRkSake nIce baiThakara pustaka par3hatA huA apaneko dekhanese do varSake bAda sAhityika kSetrameM yaza kI prApti hotI hai evaM naye-naye prayogoMkA AviSkartA hotA hai| kilA-kilekI rakSAke liye lar3AI karate hue dekhanese mAnahAni evaM cintAeM; kilemeM bhramaNa karanese zArIrika kaSTa; kileke daravAje para paharA lagAnese premikAse milana evaM mitroMko prApti aura kileke dekhane mAtrase paradezI bandhuse milana hotA hai tathA sundara svAdiSTa mAMsa bhakSaNako milatA hai| kelA-svapnameM kelAkA darzana zubha phaladAyaka hotA hai aura kelekA bhakSaNa aniSTa phala dene vAlA hotA hai / kisIke hAthase jabaradastI kelA lekara khAnese mRtyu aura keleke pattoM para rakhakara bhojana karanese kaSTa evaM keleke thambhe lagAnese dharameM mAGgalika kArya hote haiN| keza-kisI sundarIke kezapAzakA svapnameM cumbana karanese premikA milana aura kezake darzanase mukadamemeM parAjaya evaM dainika kAryoMmeM asaphalatA milatI hai / pala-svapnameM kisI khala (duSTa) ke darzana karamese mitroMse anabana aura lar3AI karanese mitroMse prema hotA hai / khalake sAtha mitratA karanese mAnA bhaya aura cintAe~ hotI hai / salake

Page #468
jyotiSa evaM gaNita sAtha bhojana-pAna karanese zArIrika kaSTa; bAtacIta karanese roga aura usake hAtha se dUdha lenese saikar3oM rupayoMkI prApti hotI hai| kisI-kisIke matase khalakA darzana zubha mAnA gayA hai| khela-svapnameM khela khelate hue apaneko dekhanese svAsthya vRddhi aura dUsaroMko khelate hue dekhanese khyAti lAbha hotA hai / khela meM apaneko parAjita dekhanese kArya sAphalya aura jaya dekhanese kArya hAni hotI hai / khelake maidAnakA darzana karanese yuddha meM bhAga lenekA saMketa hotA hai / khilAr3iyoMkA ApasameM mallayuddha karate hue dekhanA bar3e bhArI roga kA sUcaka hai / gAya-yadi svapnameM koI gAya dUdha duhanekI intajArImeM baiThI huI dikhAI par3e to sabhI icchAoM kI pUrti hotI hai| gAyakA darzana jI0 eca0 milarake matase premikA milana sUcaka batAyA gayA hai / cArA khAte hue gAyako dekhanese anna prApti; bachar3A pilAte hue dekhanese putraprApti; gobara karate hue gAyako dekhanese dhanaprApti aura pAgura karate hue dekhanese kAryameM saphalatA milatI hai| ghar3I-svapnameM ghar3I dekhanese zatru bhaya hotA hai / ghar3Ike ghaNToMkI AvAja sunamese duHkhada saMvAda sunate haiM yA kisI mitrakI mRtyukA samAcAra sunAI par3atA hai| kisIke hAyase ghar3I girate hue dekhanese mRtyu tulya kaSTa hotA hai| apane hAthakI ghar3IkA giranA dekhanese chaH mahIneke bhItara mRtyu hotI hai| cAya-svapnameM cAyakA pInA dekhanese zArIrika kaSTa, premikA viyoga evaM vyApArameM hAni hotI hai / matAntarase cAya-pInA zubhakAraka bhI hai| janma-yadi svapnameM koI strI bacce kA janma dekhe to usakI kisI sakhI sahelIko patra prApti hotI hai tathA use upahAra milate haiN| yadi puruSa yahI svapna dekhe to use yaza prApti hotI hai| sADU-yadi svapnameM nayA jhADU dikhAI par3e to zIghra hI bhAgyodaya hotA hai / purAne jhADUkA darzana karanese saTTe dhana hAni hotI hai / yadi strI isI svapnako dekhe to use bhaviSyameM nAnA kaSToMkA sAmanA karanA par3atA hai| TATa-agara svapnameM phaTe, maile TATake darzana hoM to aniSTa hotA hai aura svaccha TATapara svayaMko baiThate hue dekhanese dhana prApti hotI hai / jo0 eca0 milarake matase lATarI yA saTTemeM bahuta dhana evaM svAdiSTa bhojana milate haiN| Tona-svapnameM TInake dekhanese mitroMse zatrutA hotI hai| TImameM rakhI huI cikanI vastu kA darzana karanese miSThAnna evaM mAMsako prApti hotI hai tathA acAnaka mitroMse milana hotA hai / TInakA kATanA aura khAnA aniSTaka hotA hai / tAlAba-svapnameM tAlAba dekhanese AzAse adhika dhanakI prApti hotI hai tathA do varSa bAda vipula sampattikI prApti samajhanI cAhiye / dugyAlaya-svapnameM dugdhAlaya dekhanese avivAhitoMko zIghra hI premikA milatI hai aura vivAhitoMko sukha-zAnti milatI hai / kisI-kisIke matase yaha sAdhAraNa svapna hai, isakA koI vizeSa phala nahIM batAyA hai|

Page #469
424 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna durghaTanA-svapnameM durghaTanA dekhanese isa bAtakI cetAvanI milatI hai ki yAtrA karanA banda kara denA cAhiye, yAtrA tIna mahIne taka prANAnta karane vAlI hotI hai / dhanadaulata-svapnameM svayaM dhana daulata dekhanese prakaTa hotA hai ki apane dRr3ha adhyavasAyase udyogameM aparimita dhanakI prApti hogii| dUsare AdamIko dhana prApta karate hue dekhanese jvara AnekA bhaya rahatA hai / pA-svapnameM dhuMA dekhanA atyanta hAnikAraka hotA hai| isa svapnakA phala cintA, bhaya, premikA viyoga, dhana hAni evaM kArya-asaphalatA hai / naTa-nAcate hue naTako svapna meM dekhanese pitAko kaSTa evaM mitrakI mRtyu hotI hai| sAdhAraNa rUpase naTako dekhanese zubha phala hotA hai / pavaMta-svapnameM parvatake Upara car3hanA dekhanA zubha phaladAyaka hai; zikhara para car3hakara Upara hI raha jAnA dekhanese sahasroM rupayekI AmadanI hotI hai aura nIce gira kara dekhanese bahuta kaSTa hotA hai tathA vyApArameM saikar3oM rupayekI hAni hotI hai / bANa-svapnameM bANa dekhanese sukha, Adara, AtithyalAbha evaM tyohAra AdimeM AnandollAsa hotA hai / roga, duHkha evaM nirAzAkA nAza hotA hai| purAnA TUTA bANa dekhanese prema aura udyogameM bAdhA AtI hai tathA premikAse apamAna sahana karanA par3atA hai / bANa calAnA dekhanese gharelU yuddha hotA hai / bAlaka-svapnameM rote hue bAlakako dekhanese bImArI aura nirAzA hotI hai / matAntara se pAMca mAhakI lambI bImArIkA sAmanA karanA par3atA hai / tejasvI aura svastha bAlakako dekhanese premake badale prema milatA hai tathA mitroMse badhAiyA~ milatI haiM / yadi koI strI svapnameM kisI baccekA lAlana-pAlana karatI huI apaneko dekhe to use yaha samajhanA cAhiye ki jisapara vaha vizvAsa karatI hai usIse ThagI jAyegI evaM usakA premI gupta rUpase kisI anyake sAtha prema karatA hai jisakA bhaNDA-phor3a zIghra hI hone vAlA hai| matAntarase bacce ke sAtha prema karate hue apaneko dekhanA santAnadAyaka batAyA gayA hai / baila-yadi svapnameM sundara zveta varNake bailake darzana hoM to duzmanoMkI cAlabAjIse acche mitra rakSA karate haiM tathA zarIra nIroga rahatA hai| bailake sAtha krIDA karate hue apaneko dekhanese pandraha dinake bhItara lATarImeM dhana milatA hai / rupaye paisoMse bailakI pUjA karanA dekhanese jamInake mIcese dhanako prApti hotI hai| bhayabhIta-svapnameM apaneko bhayabhIta dekhanese pravAsa hotA hai tathA kisI bar3e kAryameM asaphalatA milatI hai / bandhuoM aura mitroMse virodha hotA hai mikSA-svapnameM kruddha hokara bhikSA denA yA lenA dekhanese nindA hotI hai| prasannatA pUrvaka bhikSA denA aura lenA dekhanese tIna dina Ananda pUrvaka vyatIta hotA hai; matAntarase yaha svapna sAdhAraNa hai, isaliye isakA koI vizeSa phala nahIM batAyA gayA hai / bhUtA-svayaM apaneko svapnameM bhUkhA dekhanA gharameM sukha aura santoSake abhAvako prakaTa karatA hai tathA premiyoM ke liye aisA svapna dekhanepara vivAhoparAnta zIghra hI vivAha viccheda hotA

Page #470
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 425 hai| bhUkhe vyaktiyoMko cAroM ora bhramaNa karate hue dekhanese premikAkA ruSTa honA prakaTa hotA hai tathA eka mahIneke liye Arthika kaSTa hotA hai / bhUkhase atyanta vihvala hokara bhikSA mAMgate hue apaneko dekhanese bhArI vipatti AtI hai / atyanta bhUkhase pIr3ita hokara ronA-cillAnA dekhanese kisI bar3e netAko mRtyu hotI hai| jI0 eca0 milarake matase bhUkhe manuSyakA svapnameM darzana karanese zoghra vivAha hotA hai / magara-svapnameM magara dekhanese yuddha kSetrameM 10 dinake bAda jAnA par3atA hai / yadi bhUlA magara khAneko daur3atA huA dRSTigocara ho to bhayaGkara bImArI bAtI hai / magarake sAtha krIr3A karate hue dekhanese nAnA prakArakI vipattiyoMkA sAmanA karanA par3atA hai| machalI-svapnameM machalIkA darzana zubha phaladAyaka hotA hai / yadi pAnImeM tar3aphar3AtI huI machalIkA darzana svapnameM ho to hAni; machalI becanevAlekI dukAnapara darzana ho to lAbha aura rAste meM le jAte hue anya vyaktiko dekhanese kAryameM saphalatA milatI hai| matAntarase machalI kA svapna vivAhakA sUcaka hai, para isa svapnameM do machaliyoMke darzana apekSita hai| makkila-svapnameM mavakkilake dekhanese gharameM santAna lAbha hotA hai| yadi rupaye dete hue kisI mavakkilako vakIlase bAteM karate hue dekhe to apamAna aura dhana hAni hotI hai| sAdhAraNayatA mavakkilakA svapna zubha phalaprada hotA hai / mavezI-svapnameM mavezI dekhanese bhAIkI unnati hotI hai / yadi mavezI svapna meM bImAra dikhalAI par3e to putrako bImArIkI sUcanA samajhanI cAhiye / gAya, hAthI, ghor3e Adi pAlatU mavezIke dekhanese zreSTha phala hotA hai / mazAna-svapnameM mazAna bhUmike darzana hoM to gharameM hone vAlI kalahakI sUcanA samajhanI cAhiye / yadi mazAna bhUmimeM adhika manuSyoMkI bhIr3a dikhalAI par3e to gharameM utsava hotA hai| masvira-svapnameM masjida dekhanese dhArmika kAryoMmeM utsAha hotA hai| yadi raMgIna, belabUToMse citrita masajida svapnameM dikhalAI par3e to kisI bar3I bhArI vipattikI sUcanA samajhanI caahiye| mastaka-yadi svapnameM mastakameM darda ho to zArIrika kaSTako sUcanA samajhanI pAhiye / Adhe mastakameM dardakA anubhava ho to AgAmI vipattikI sUcanA samajhanI cAhiye / mAtA-svapnameM Adarza mAke darzana hoM to kAryameM saphalatA milatI hai aura mAtAke sAtha vArtAlApa ho to yuddhameM vijaya, lATarIse dhana lAbha hotA hai / yadi mAtA mastakapara hAtha rakha kara kucha Adeza de to vaha yathArtha nikalatA hai / mAlA-svapnameM sundara mAlAke darzana hoM to kAminiyoMke darzana, AliMgana aura vArtAlApakA sukha prApta hotA hai / mAlA dhAraNa karanese vivAha zIghra hotA hai, naye utsavoM meM jAnA par3atA hai / yadi koI apane galekI mAlA utAra kara arpita kare to 10 mahIne ke bhItara mRtyukI sUcanA samajhanI cAhiye / murajhAI huI mAjhAkA darzana bImArIkI sUcanA detA hai|

Page #471
426 bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna mudrA-svapnameM mudrAkA darzana vipattisUcaka hai| yadi kisI sthAnase akasmAda bahuta-sI mudrAeM prApta honekA svapna Ave to yuddha kSetrameM jAnekA nimaMtraNa samajhanA caahiye| mudrA banAte hue svayaMko dekhe to premikA milana aura anya ko dekhe to talAka jAnanA caahiye| motI-svapnameM motIkA darzana vyapArameM lAbhakAraka hotA hai / yadi motiyoMkI mAlA dhAraNa karanekA svapna Aye to kisI jAsUsI kAryameM saphalatAkI sUcanA samajhanI cAhiye / samudrake kinArese motiyoMke nikAlanekA svapna Ave to gharameM santAna utpatti samajhanI caahiye| yantra-yadi svapnameM yantra dikhAI par3e to kisI mazInarIke kAryameM bar3I bhArI saphalatA samajhanI cAhiye deza-videzase vyApArika sambandha bar3hatA hai / kisI prayogazAlAmeM jAkara yaMtroMke AviSkArakA svapna dikhAI par3e to svapnadraSTA vijJAnakI unnatike sAtha-sAtha rAsAyanika aura vaijJAnika yaMtroMkA AviSkAraka hotA hai / jar3a vijJAnake atirikta vidyutaAloka aura jalake sAtha sambandhameM padArtha jJAna ghAtaka yantroMkA zreSTha AviSkartA banatA hai / yaMtrase kAma karate hue svayaMko dekhanese dhana prApti aura anyako dekhanese mitra samAgama hotA hai / matAntarase yaMtra saMcAlanakA svapna zoghra vivAhakA sUcaka hai| yahUdI-yadi svapnameM yahUdI jAtike loga apanI prAcIna bhASA hibrumeM bAtacIta karate hue dikhAI par3eM to unakI bhASAkI unnatikI sUcanA samajhanI cAhiye / matAntarase isa svapnakA phala kisI bhI prAcIna bhASAkA unnati ghotaka hai / yahUdI yuvatise svapna meM prema karate hue svayaMko dekhe to sundara, svastha aura suzikSita apanI jAtikI kanyAse vivAha aura anyako prema karate dekhe to sundara strI-do bAra vivAha kI gaI yuvatIse vivAha hotA hai / isa svanakA phala tIna mahIneke bAda aura pAMca mahIneke pahale milatA hai| yAtrA-yadi svapnameM kisI sthAnake lie yAtrA karate hue dekhe to yuddha aura mukaddame meM vijaya hotI hai| yadi yAtrAke lie saba sAmAna taiyAra kara calanekI taiyArI karate hue apane ko dekhe to vyApArameM lAbha, yuddhameM vijaya aura priyajanoMse milana hotA hai / yAtrAkI taiyArI nahIM huI, kintu yAtrA karaneke liye yadi utsukatA svapnameM dikhAyI par3e to kAlAntarameM yAtrA karanI par3atI hai, yadi sApameM kucha mitra aura pUjya loga yAtrA karate hue dikhAI par3e to tIna mahIneke bhItara kisI pavitra sthAnake lie yAtrA karanI par3atI hai, isa yAtrAmeM dhana-dhAnyake lAbhake sAtha aura bhI aneka prakArako sundara vastueM milatI haiN| matAntarase isa svapnakA phala jumA yA lATarIse dhana lAbha karAne vAlA batAyA gayA hai| yura-yadi svapnameM yuddha karate hue apaneko dekhe to zIghra hI yuddha ke liye prasthAna karanA par3atA hai| mallayuddhake svapnakA phala vijayotpAdaka aura astra yuddhake svapnakA phala kaSTake sAtha vijayadAyaka hotA hai / yuddha kSetrameM hAthI, ghor3e aura bandUkoMkI bhayaMkara AvAja sunAI par3e to svAmIkI vijaya aura sunasAna kSetra dikhAI par3e to parAjaya samajhanI cAhiye / popI-yadi svapnameM kisI yogIke darzana ho to dhArmika bhAvoMkI jApati, dhana evaM priya vastuNoMkI prApti hotI hai / yadi yogIse bAtacIta karate hue apaneko dekheM to sundara bastueM upayogake liye milatI hai tathA manoraMjanakI sAmagrIkI prApti hotI hai| pyAstra

Page #472
jyotiSa evaM gaNita yogIke darzana karanese laukika kAryoMmeM saphalatA milatI hai / upadeza sunAI par3e to yaza prApti tathA premikA milana hotA hai / 427 yadi svapna meM yogIkA rakta- yadi apane zarIrase rakta nikalatA huA svapna meM dikhAI de to dainika kAryoMmeM vyatikrama evaM anya ke zarIrase rakta nikalatA huA dikhAI par3e to dainika kArya sucAru rUpase sampanna hote haiM / sAdhAraNatayA rakta darzanakA svapna acchA hotA hai / matAntara se raktake darzana honese roga kI sUcanA samajhanI cAhiye / raMga - svapna meM raMgoMke dekhanese apamAna hotA hai / sAdhAraNatayA hare raMgakA darzana svapna meM sammAna sUcaka batAyA gayA hai / raMgake svapnakA sambandha mAnApamAnase hai / ronA - svapna meM apaneko rote hue dekhanese tIna mahIneke bhItara akasmAt coTa lagatI hai / aura dUsareko rote hue dekhanese kisI nikaTa sambandhIko bhayaGkara bImArI hotI hai jisase use bahuta kaSTa hotA | svapna meM bacceko rote hue dekhanese santati kaSTa aura vRddhako rote hue dekhane se kuTumbiyoM ko kaSTa hotA hai / lalitakalA -- yadi svapna meM apaneko lalita kalAoM - vAstu, mUrti, citra, kAvya aura saMgIta kalAoM kA nirmANa karate hue dekhe to kucha samaya ke bAda acchA kalAkAra hotA hai / kalAkArake liye yaha atyAvazyaka hai ki vaha svapna meM abhISTa kalAke darzana kre| prAcIna svapna siddhAnta ke anusAra adRzya zakti kalAkArako bhaviSyakI sUcanA dekara kalAvid honeke liye prerita karatI hai / lotho - yadi svapna meM lItho - pattharakA chApA jisapara hAthase likha kara akSara yA citra chApe jAte haiM, dikhAI par3e to manuSya kampojITara yA presa saMcAlaka banatA hai| isa svapnakA phala tabhI satya hotA hai jaba lagAtAra dasa-bAraha dina taka AtA rahe / luTiyA - yadi svapna meM jalase bharI huI luTiyAke darzana hoM to kahIM zIghra yAtrA karanI par3atI hai, jisameM nAnA prakArake kaSTa sahana karane par3ate haiM / matAntarase jala-bharI luTiyAkA darzana lATarI se dhana prApta karanekI sUcanA detA hai / luhAra - yadi svapnameM kAma karate hue luhArako dekhe to vAyuyAnake kArakhAne meM kAma karanekI sUcanA samajhanI cAhiye / sAdhAraNatayA yaha svapna sainika banane kI sUcanA detA hai / lUtA - yadi svapna meM lUtA - makar3I kATatI huI dikhAI par3e to bhayAnaka roga hotA hai / matAntarase koI vidveSI darzakako viSapAna karAtA hai / loha - yadi svapna meM lohA dikhalAI par3e to tIna mahIneke bAda suvarNakI prApti samajhanI cAhiye / loheke astra tathA lohekI anya cIMjoMke darzana hoM to dezake Upara kisI prakArakI vipattikI AzaMkA samajhanI cAhiye / vanagaja - yadi svapta meM vanagaja dikhAI par3e to gharameM santAnakI utpatti hotI hai / yadi madonmatta vanagaja idhara-udhara bhAgatA huA dikhAI par3e to garbha srAva ho jAtA hai / sAdhAraNatayA gajake darzana svapnameM zreSTha hote haiM /

Page #473
428 bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna bamalatA-yadi svapnameM vanalatAe~ harI-bharI dikhalAI par3e to do-tIna mahIneke bhItara aparimita dhana milanA hai tathA gharameM kanyAratnakI prApti hotI hai| bATikAkI latAoMkA yaha phala nahIM hotaa| banaspati-yadi svapnameM vanaspatiyoMke darzana hoM to mAlIkA kArya karanA par3atA hai| harI-bharI vanaspatiyoMke darzana premikAse milAnevAle hote haiM / varSA-svapnameM pAnIkI mUsalAdhAra vRSTi hote hue dikhAI par3e to vyApArameM lAbha, gharelU kAryomeM jhagar3A aura mitroMse viyoga hotA hai / sasya-yadi svapnameM sasya dikhAI par3e to apane kAryakI unnati samajhanI cAhiye / siMha-svapnameM siMhake dekhanese bala, pratApa aura pauruSakI vRddhi hotI hai / yuddha kSetrameM zatruoMke dAMta khaTTe karane yogya sAmarthya milatI hai| matAntarase pratApI santAnako utpatti hotI hai| paurvAtya aura pAzcAtya svapna-siddhAntakI tulanA yadi tulanAtmaka dRSTise paurvAtya aura pAzcAtya svapna siddhAntoMke Upara dRSTipAta kiyA jAya to avagata hogA ki paurvAtyoMke matAnusAra pratIka kalpanA hI saba kucha hai, para pAzcAtyoMne pratIka kalpanAke atirikta icchAoMkI svatantradhArAke kAraNa atRpta icchAoM ke udayako bhI svapna batAyA hai, isaliye jisa prakArako icchA svapnameM dikhalAI par3atI hai, usa icchA janita phala bhI ghaTa sakatA hai| jina icchAoMko sArthakatA mila cukI hai, yadi ve hI icchAeM punaH svapnameM AyeM to svapna nirarthaka hote haiN| isaliye pAzcAtya gaNakoMne adhikAMza rUpase atiraMjita icchAoMko hI svapna batAyA hai, ataH jAgRtAvasthAmeM bhI svapna santati cala sakatI hai / lekina jAgRtAvasthAko icchAeM saMjJAta icchAke AdhIna rahanese phalotpAdaka nahIM hotI haiM, kyoMki rukha yA avadamita icchAeM saMjJAta-icchAke dvArA zAsita kI jAtI hai, ataeva jAgRtAvasthAkI vicAradhArA svapna rUpase calatI rahatI hai, kintu icchAoMkI anekarUpatAke abhAva, nissAra hotI hai / paurvAtya svapna-siddhAntake anusAra jAgRtAvasthAkI vicAra santatiko svapnakA rUpa nahIM diyA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki isa siddhAntameM jAgRta, suSupta aura svapna ye tIna vyaktikI avasthAeM batalAI gaI hai / vyakti kevala svapnAvasthAmeM hI svapna dekhatA hai, kyoMki yaha avasthA jAgRti mora suSuptike madhyakI hai, isameM caitanya rUpa indriyajanya jJAna ajAgRta rahatA hai ataH svapna sambandhI kriyAe~ isI avasthAmeM ho sakatI hai| isaliye bhAratIya siddhAntake anusAra sabhI svapnoMkA phala eka sadRza nahIM ho sakatA hai / jisa vyaktikI AtmA jitanI adhika vikasita, pavitra aura ujjvala hogI, svapnakA phala bhI utanA hI adhika satya nikalegA / kyoMki jo vyakti durAcArI hogA, vaha nirantara nAnA prakArako cintAe~ karatA hI rahegA, ataH svapnameM unakA AnA svAbhAvika hai / zArIrika asvasthatAke kAraNa jo svapna Ate haiM, ve bhI nirarthaka hI hote hai kyoMki bImArIkI svapnAvasthA dUSita rahatI hai,. usakI indriyajanya jJAnadhArA adhUrI rahatI hai| ataH paurvAtyoMke matameM bAgRtAvasthAmeM svapna santati bana nahIM sakatI hai| paurvAtya aura pAzcAtyoMke svapna phalameM bhI antara hai kyoMki paurvAtyoMne AtmA evaM punarjanmAdikA astitva mAnA hai, ataH bahuta-se svapna bama

Page #474
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 419 janmAntarAjita saMskAroMke kAraNa hI Ate haiM, ina svapnoMmeM icchAoMkI anekarUpatA kAraNa vahIM rahatI hai, kintu adRSTa yA saMskAra hI kAraNa hote haiM / pAzcAtyoMne zarIrako eka yantrake samAna mAnA hai jisameM kisI bhautika ghaTanA yA kriyAkA uttejana pAkara pratikriyA hotI hai| svapna bhI zAnadhArAkI kriyA-pratikriyAke kAraNa Ate haiM, inakA sambandha saMskAroMse kucha bhI nahIM hai, jaise jar3a mazIna calate-calate kabhI manda aura kabhI teja calane lagatI hai, ThIka isI prakAra bAhya kAraNoMse prabhAvita hokara zarIrakI kriyAe~ kabhI manda aura kabhI teja hotI haiM / kriyAoMkI mandAvasthAkA nAma svapnAvasthA evaM vemAvasthAkA nAma sacetanAvasthA - jAgRtAvasthA hai / phrAyaDake matAnusAra manuSyakA saMcAlana karanevAlI zaktiyA~ vizuddha pravRtti mUlaka haiM, jo use sarvadA pUrNarUpa se bAhyAbhyantara prabhAvita karatI rahatI haiN| manuSya ke vyaktitvakA adhikAMza bhAga acetana manake rUpameM hai, jo pravRttiyoMkA bhANDAra hai / ina pravRttiyoM meM mukhya rUpase kAmakI aura gauNarUpase vibhinna prakArakI vAsanAeM saMghaTita rahatI haiN| ina mahAsamudrIya vAsanAoM meM kucha to tRpta ho jAtI hai aura kucha atRpta rahatI hai, ataH ve hI atRptavAsanAe~ vibhinna rUpa dhAraNa kara svapnake rUpameM bAtI haiM / isa siddhAnta ke anusAra buddhi bhI manuSyakI pravRttikA eka pratIka hai, isake dvArA vyakti apanI kAmanAoMko saphala karatA rahatA hai| cetana mana nAnA prakArakI kAmanAoMko utpanna karatA hai, ve kAmanAe~ buddhi dvArA caritArtha kI jAtI hai / kintu buddhi kaisI hI pracaNDa aura abhinava kyoM na ho, eka nimitta mAtra hai, ataH samasta vAsanAeM buddhi dvArA aucitya siddha nahIM kara pAtI haiM, kyoMki jaba pravRtti hI buddhikI preraNAtmikA zakti hai, taba usakI vaha dAsI sArI vAsanAoMko caritArtha karanemeM asamartha rahatI hai / ataH svapna dvArA ve samasta atRpta vAsanAeM pUrNa kI jAtI hai| paurvAtya siddhAnta meM vAsanAoMkI tRptike liye kevala svapna nahIM Ate, kintu AtmAkA pratibimba zarIrastha candramaNDalameM par3anese svapnAvasthA meM adhika caMcalatA rahatI hai, isIse Atmika kriyAe~ adhika tejIse hotI haiM, phalata: svapna aneka rUpameM pariNata ho jAte haiM / bhAratIya jyotiSa zAstra ke anusAra zarIrameM eka saura maNDala rahatA hai / tathA jisa prakAra AkAzasya saura maNDala bhramaNa karatA hai, ThIka usI prakAra pratyeka vyaktikA saura maNDala bhramaNa karatA hai / vyakti jaba paidA hotA hai, taba usake utpati kAlakI lagna hI usake zarIrake saura maNDalakI lagna hotI hai, isIliye jyotiSa zAstra sambandhI phalAdeza dotIna varSakI Ayu taka ThIka nahIM ghaTatA hai, kyoMki taba taka bacce ke zarIrakA saura maNDala svatantra rUpase bhramaNa nahIM kara sakatA hai / isakA pradhAna kAraNa yaha hai ki isa samaya taka baccekA svatantra rUpase vikAsa nahIM hotA hai; usakA rahana-sahana dUsaroMke Upara Azrita rahatA hai ataH cAra varSakI avasthAke bAda hI ThIka phala ghaTatA hai / svapna ke phalameM vizeSatA isI saura-maNDalake kAraNa hotI hai / jaina grantha jJAnapradIpikAqe svapnakANDa meM lagnAnusAra svapnoMkA phala batAyA gayA hai, isakA pradhAna kAraNa merI samajhase yahI hai ki zarIrastha saura maNDalakI AkAzagAmI saura-maNDalake sAtha tulanA kara krAnti vRttIya lagvoMkI samAnatA sthira kI gaI hai / jJAnapradIpikAkA svapna sambandhI prakAra yoga zAstrake zarIrastha saura maNDalIya prakArase milatA-julatA hai / AcAryane isIliye "caturthabhavanAt svapnaM brUyAt graha nirIkSakaH " isa padya meM caturtha bhavanako pradhAnatA dI hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki jahA~ pAzcAtya svapna siddhAntameM kevala

Page #475
430 bhAratIya saMskRtike vikAsameM jaina vAGmayakA avadAna acaritArtha bauddhika pravRttiyoMko svapnakA kAraNa batAyA hai, vahA~ paurvAtya siddhAntameM AtmAke candramaNDalIya pratibimbako kAraNa mAnA hai| yaha pratibimba sarvadA, sabake liye eka samAna nahIM hotA, balki AtmAkI azuddha athavA vizuddha avasthAke anusAra ghaTita hotA hai, yahI svapnakI satyAsatya avasthAoM ke honekA kAraNa hai| dUsarI vizeSatA paurvAtya aura pAzcAtya svapnoMke phalameM apanI-apanI saMskRtikI bhI hai| isI kAraNa kaI svapnoMke phala pAzcAtya sAhityameM svAdiSTa mAMsa bhojana, madirA sevana, premikA saMgama aura talAka Adi batAye gaye haiM, lekina paurvAtya svapnoMke phala meM mAMsAdikA sevana kahIM nahIM batAyA hai / saMskRtiko bhinnatAke kAraNa svapnoMke phala meM jamIna AsamAnakA antara par3a gayA hai| eka hI vastu ke darzanakA phala donoM siddhAntoMke anusAra pRthak-pRthak hogA, pAzcAtya siddhAntameM isa phala bhinnatAkA koI bhI kAraNa nahIM batAyA hai, lekina bhAratIya svapna siddhAnta ke anusAra sthAna vizeSake kAraNa saura-maNDala meM akSAMza, dezAntara vaza antara par3a jAtA hai, ataH eka videzIkA svapna eka bhAratIyake svapnako apekSA bhinna phaladAyaka hogaa| icchA atRptike siddhAntAnusAra svapna nirarthaka hote haiM, para saura-maNDalIya siddhAntake anusAra svapna prAyaH sArthaka hote haiM / yahA~ prAyaH zabdase merA tAtparya yaha hai ki AtmAkI vizuddha aura azuddha avasthAvaza candramaNDalameM par3ane vAle pratibimbameM halkApana aura ghanIbhUtapana jitanA adhika yA kama rahatA hai phalameM bhI vaisI hInAdhikatA hotI jAtI hai| pratibimda jitanA adhika caMcala hotA hai, svapna utane hI adhika nissAra hote haiM / jisa AtmAkA sthira pratibimba candramaNDalapara par3atA hai usake svapnoMkA phala satya nikalatA hai / svapnotpAdaka kAraNoMke atirikta kAraNa saMkhyA sambandhI tIsarI vizeSatA bhI hai / pAzcAtya jagat svapnotpattikA eka kAraNa nahIM mAnatA, kintu vibhinna vaijJAnikoMke matAnusAra kAraNoMkI bhinnatA svIkAra ko gaI hai / lekina bhAratIya sAhityameM svapnotpAdaka kAraNoMkI bhinnatA nahIM hai / prAyaH sabhI vicAraka eka hI niSkarSapara pahu~cate haiN| cauthI vizeSatA dAzanika dRSTise Atmatattvake viSayameM vicAra karaneke kAraNa caitanya aura bhautikavAda sambandhI haiN| pAzcAtya loga svapnotpattikA kAraNa bhautika hI mAnate haiM, tathA usakA phala bhI bhautika zarIrapara hI par3atA hai, ata: usakA saMskAra Ageke liye nAma mAtrako bhI zeSa nahIM rahatA hai / lekina paurvAtya siddhAnta meM AtmAkI amaratA mAnI gaI hai, isake sAtha janmajanmAntarake saMskAra calate rahate haiN| AtmA bhautikatAse pare jJAna, darzana, sukha evaM vIrya svarUpa hai tathA saMskAra jar3a haiM kintu ve anAdikAlase AtmAse saMbaddha haiM, AtmA aura saMskAra ina donoMkA ApasameM ati nikaTa saMyoga hai, para svabhAva-dRSTise donoM pRthak-pRthak haiM / inhIM 1. svapne yAni ca pazyanti tAni vakSyAmi sarvadA / zirodaye devagRhaM prAsAdAdIn prapazyati // paSThodaye dinAdhIze vidhau mAnuSyadarzanam / meSodaye dinAdhIze jJAtadehasya darzanam / / vRSabhasyodaye'rkArau vyAkulAnmRtadarzanam / mithunasyodaye viprAn tapasvivadanAni ca / kulIrasyodaye kSetraM zasyaM dRSTvA punargRham / tRNAnyAdAya hastAmyAM gacchantIti vinirdizet // siMhodaye kirAtaJca mahiSIM giripannagam / kanyodaye'pi cArUDhe mugdhastrIkanyakAvadhUH / / --jJAnapradIpikA pR0 44

Page #476
jyotiSa evaM gaNita 431 saMskAroMke kAraNa hamAre zarIrake saura-maNDalakA saMcAlana hotA hai| dUsare zabdoMmeM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki vyaktikA jaisA zubhAzubha adRSTa hotA hai, vaise hI sukha-duHkha use milate haiM / ataH svapna bhI usake adRSTakI preraNAse hI Ate haiM / adRSTakI isI preraNAke kAraNa nAnA pratIka svapnameM dRSTigocara hote haiN| kabhI-kabhI yaha bhI dikhalAI par3atA hai ki jaisA hama svapnameM dekhate haiM, vaisA hI phala zIghra ghaTatA hai / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki aise vyaktikI AtmA svapna dekhaneke samaya adhika vizuddhAvasthAmeM thI, isaliye AtmAkA pratibimba sthira rUpameM rahA / jaba pratibimba caMcala rahatA hai usI samaya adhika saMkalpa-vikalpa utpanna hote haiM jisase pratIkoMkI eka zreNI bana jAtI hai aura svapna bhI pratIkoMke rUpameM dikhalAI par3ane lagate haiM / bhAratIya jyotiSa zAstrameM jo prAtaHkAlake svapnoMko satya phaladAyaka batAyA gayA hai. usakA kAraNa bhI yahI hai ki prAtaHkAlake samaya saura-maNDalakI gati svabhAvataH sthira ho jAtI hai, arthAt rAtake 10 yA 11 bajese lekara rAtrike 2-3 baje taka zarIrastha sauramaMDalakI gatimeM ekarUpatA nahIM rahatI hai, kabhI vaha tIvra aura kabhI manda hotI hai jisase pratibimbameM caMcalatA rahatI hai phalataH svapna bhI nirarthaka ho jAte haiM / tAtparya yaha hai ki pAzcAtya svapna siddhAntakA sambandha kevala zarIrase aura paurvAtyakA sambandha AtmAse hai / isI kAraNa vedAntameM jAgRta, svapna, suSupti aura turIya ye cAra jIvAtmAko avasthAeM mAnI gaI hai / jaina darzanake anusAra darzanAvaraNI karmake kSayopazamakI honAdhikatA AtI hai / svapnotpattikA kAraNa pUrvopArjita adRSTa hI hai, jina svapnoMmeM zArIrika vikAra pradhAna kAraNa hote haiM ve nirarthaka aura jinameM adRSTa kAraNa hotA hai ve sArthaka hote haiM /

Page #477

Page #478
prAcya zramaNa bhAratI dvArA prakAzita evaM pracArita pustakeM 10/25/ 15/ 15/ 15/ 30/ 15/25/ 10/10/ 5/ 1. tI mahAvIra aura unakI A0 paramparA(4-bhAga) 400/- 49. zAkAhAra sarvottama AhAra 5/2. tiloyapaNNati (tInoM bhAga) 700/- 50. ahiMsA 5/3. DA. mahendrakumAra nyAyAcArya smRtigraMtha 150/- 51. Vegetarian Nutrition 4. pra. A. zAntisAgara (chANI) smRtigraMtha 100/- 52. jyotirdharA 5. ArAdhAnA kathA prabandha 30/- 53. samAja nirmANa meM mahilAoM kA yogadAna 25/6. mahAvIra rAsa 80/- 54. bhagavAna rAma 10/7. kunda kunda bhAratI sadu0 55. nAnI-nAnI kaho kahAnI 8. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra 40/- 56. baiTho-baiTho suno kahAnI 15/9. merI jIvanagAthA (bhAga do) 100/- 57. saphara kI hama saphara 10. jainadharma 80/- 58. jaga jA mere lAla 15/11. jainazAsana 75/- 59. DubakI lagAo motI pAo 12. prameya kamala mArtaNDa parizIlana 50/- 60. burAI kI vidAI 15/13. nyAyakumudacandra parizIlana 500/ 61. lur3hakana spaTana kampana kA sAthI 14. SaTkhaNDAgama lekhana-kathA 10/- 62. mana kI AvAja 15/15. SaTkhaNDAgama kI zAstrIya bhUmikA 495/63. jhopar3I se mahaloM taka 15/16. dharmaphala siddhAnta 764. abhivaMdanA puSpa 150/17. mAnavatA kI dharI 30/- 65. abhaya kI sAdhanA 18. madhyakAlIna jaina saTaka nATaka 24/ 66. DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 19. mukti patha kI ora 15/67. yaha hai jaina siddhAnta 10/20. bhA. vAGmaya meM pArzvanAtha viSayaka sAhitya 10/ 68. jana jana kI AsthA ke kendra 10/21. sarAka kSetra 50/ 69. jaina dharma svayaM jAniye | 22. sarAka sarvekSaNa 25/ 70. savinaya nAmostu 23. sarAkotthAna preraNA ke svara 10/71. zAkAhAra hI kyoM 10/24. sarAka jJAnAMjali 10/72. atizayoM kA bhaNDAra 10/25. sarAka pragati kI rAha para 73. smarNikA (DAyarI) 85/26. smArikA:sarAka vidvatsaMgoSThI dillI 25/ 74. jJAnasAgara kI kahAnI citroM kI ju0 'citrakathA' 25/27. smArikA:A.kunda kunda rASTrIya saMgoSThI 75. guNoM ke Agara-jJAna ke sAgara 100/28. smArikA:AcArya samantabhadra saMgoSThI meraTha 76. DaoN. kAmatAprasAda vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 60/29. jaina vijJAna rASTrIya saMgoSThI sahAranapura 25/ 77. paM0 jugalakizora vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 200/30. jaina nyAya ko A* akalaMkadeva kA avadAna 78. pArivArika zAMti aura anekAMta 100/31. tIrthakara pAzrvanAtha 125/79. jJAnAyanI 200/32. kSullaka vardhamAna sAgara jIvana paricaya 80. zAradA ke sapUta 10/ 30/33. A0 zAntisAgara (chANI) jIvana paricaya 81. kSaNabhaMgura jIvana 15/ 20/34. bhavya kalyANaka 82. jJAna darpaNa (bhAga-1 evaM 2) 15/ 10/35. khabaroM ke bIca 83. puSpAnjali (pra0pa0 gulAbacanda 'puSpa') 301/36. AzA ke suraH jIvana kA saMgIta 84. yuga yuga meM jaina dharma 60/20/37. ugatA sUraja 85. prAkRta evaM jaina dharma samIkSA 10/ 100/38. jina khojA tina pAiyAM 86. siddhAntasArasaMgrahaH 39. jvalaMta prazna zItala samAdhAna 10/ 87. anamola pravacana 40. pravacana par3ho tanAva bhagAo 88. mathurA kA sAMskRtika jaina purA-vaibhava 75/41. zAkAhAra eka jIvana paddhati 89. AcArya suryasAgarajI vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 3/ 10/42. zAkAhAra evam vizva zAnti 90. paMcakalyANaka bihArI kAlonI (zAhadarA) 43. vizva zAnti evam ahiMsA prazikSaNa 91. paMcakalyANaka darpaNa, sUrya nagara (gAjiyAbAda) 80/ sadu0 92. jJAna gaMgA varSAyoga-2001 meraTha 44. zAkAhAra vijaya 15/93. chahaDhAlA sadu0 45. zAkAhAra yA mAMsAhAra : phaisalA ApakA 94. svataMtratA saMgrAma meM jaina 200/46. mAdaka padArtha va dhUmrapAna 95. bhArata saMvidhAna viSayaka-jaina avadhAraNAyeM 25/47. garbhapAta ucita yA anucita : 3/ 96. bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina (bhAga-1) 300/48. dhUmrapAna jahara hI jahara 3/- 97. bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina (bhAga-2) 300/prAcya zramaNa bhAratI 12/e-premapurI, nikaTa jaina mandira, mujaphpharanagara-251 001(u.pra.) phonaH (0131) 2450228, 2408901 25/25/ 60/ 25/ 15/ 200/50/ 15/ 25/ sadu0 sadu0 5/