Babu Chottelal Jain Smruti Granth

Author(s): A N Upadhye, Others
Publisher: Babu Chottelal Jain Abhinandan Samiti
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/010079/1

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vIra sevA mandira dillI krama samyA kAla na0 khaNDa 4156 061. 6 dhana lAla ettel XX-XXX

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d RAI 9 zraddheya bAbU choTelAla jI jaina ( janma 16 pharavarI, 1866) / mRtyu 26 janavarI, 1966)

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti graMtha sampAdaka marADala : DA0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla jayapura paM0 cainasugvadAsa nyAyatIrtha jayapura DA0 e ena. upAdhye kolhApura paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI bAgagAmI DA0 satyaraMjana banarjI kalakatA paM0 bhaMvaralAla polyAkA jainadarzanAcArya jayapura zrI agaracanda nAhaTA bIkAnera prakAzaka: bAbU choTelAla jaina abhinandana samiti kalakattA san 1967] [mUlya 20 rupaye

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prApti sthAna : 1. paM0 banzIdhara zAstrI saMyojaka bAbU choTelAla jaina abhinandana samiti C/o zrI jugamandiradAsa jI jaina 157, netAjI subhASa ror3a kalakattA- 1 2. paM0 cainasukhadAsa nyAyatIrtha adhyakSa zrI di0 jaina saMskRta kaoNleja jayapura-3 [ prathama saMskaraNa mudraka : ajantA prinTarsa ghI vAloM kA rAstA jayapura - 500 ]

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anukramaNikA ..'ka prAkkathana prakAzakIya vaktavya sampAdakIya hindI bhAga prathama khaNDa ( vyaktitva, kRtitva, saMsmaraNa evaM zraddhAJjaliyA~) 1. aise upakArI jIvana ko zraddhA sahita praNAma, (kavitA) kalyANa kumAra jaina 'zazi' 2. udAramanA zrI bAbu choTelAla jI jaina ___banzIdhara zAstrI 3. preraNAdIpa bAbU choTelAla jI DA. jyotipramAda jaina 4. bAya choTelAla jI : mRka sAdhaka DApremamAgara jaina 5. camana meM inase ibarata hai namIcandra zAstrI 6. zraddhAspada bAbUjI nIraja jaina 7. bayAnA jaina samAja ko bAbUjI kA apUrva sahayoga kapUracandra narapatyelA 8. bAbU choTelAla jI aura syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya kailAzacandra zAstrI, vArANasI 6. bAbUjI kI madhura smRtiyAM svAmI satyabhakta 10. purAtattva premI bAbUjI zAradA prasAda eka

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11 smaraNAJjali DA. rAjArAma jaina 12. manIpI bAbU choTelAla jI (kavitA) namIca-da paToliyA 13. bAbUjI V paM0 cainasukhadAsa nyAyatIrtha 14. eka sahaja preraka vyaktitva DA. devendrakumAra zAstrI 15. purAtattva vettA zrI bAbUjI paM0 nanhelAla zAstrI 16. Adarza vyaktitva ke pratIka vimala kumAra jaina 17. tIna puzta kA samparka subodha kumAra jaina 18. zraddhe ya bAbUjI __ murendra goyala 16. zrI bAbU choTelAla jI--eka mUka sevaka bhavaralAla nyAyatIrtha 20. bAbUjI kI amara sevAe~ satyaMdhara kumAra meThI 21. bAbUjI kA vIra sevA madira ko yogadAna premacanda jaina, bI0e0 22. bAvR choTelAla jI aura unakA vyaktitva zrI svatantra, sUrata 23. zraddhAjaliyA~ dvitIya khaNDa ( itihAsa, purAtatva evaM zodha ) . 1. prAcIna bhAratIya vastra aura vezabhUSA gokulacandra jaina. ema0 e0 2. 'bApaTTi carit' aitihAsika mahattva hari ananta phar3ake

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3. mahAkavi raidhU yugIna avAloM kI sAhitya sevA DA0 rAjArAma jaina, ema0e0pI0eca0DI0 4. hindI Adi kAla ke jaina prabandha kAvya zyAma varmA, ema0esa0mI0 ema0e0 sAhitya ratna 5. jaina saMskRti meM nArI ke vividha rUpa premasumana jaina 6. jaina samAja ke Andolana svAmI satyabhakta 7. mathurA kI prAcIna kalA meM samanvaya bhAvanA kRSNadatta vAjapeyI 8. bhaTTAraka yugIna jaina saMskRta sAhitya kI pravRttiyAM DA0 nemIcandra zAstrI V 6. paMca kalyANaka tithiyAM aura nakSatra milApacandrajI kaTAriyA 10. jaina prathoM meM rASTrakUToM kA itihAsa rAmaballabha saumAnI 11. bhAratIya sAhitya meM sItA haraNa prasaga DA0 choTelAla varmA ema0e0 pI0eca0 DI0 12. yAcArya hemacaMdra kI dRSTi meM bhAratIya samAja DA0 jayazaMkara mizra ema0e0pI0eca0 DI0 13. 5 vIM zatI ke prantha basudeva hindI kI rAmakathA agaracandra nAhaTA 14. amavAloM kA jainadharma meM yogadAna paramAnanda zAstrI 14. hindI kA Adi kAla aura jaina sAhitya DA0 chavinAtha tripAThI 16. do aitihAsika racanAe~ bhavaralAla nAhaTA 17. rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya meM madhyakAlIna jaina prastara pratimAe~ bRjendranAtha zarmA, ema0 e0 18. AcArya jinezvara aura kharatara gaccha ma0 vinayasAgara sAhityamahopAdhyAya, sAhityAcArya, janadarzana zAstrI, sAhityaratna zAstra vizArada tIna .... 75 .... 83 61 ....101 ....107 ...111 121 ....126 ....135 ....141 ....153 161 ....173 .....176 183 ....187

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....167 16. jainadharma kI prAcInatA aura sArvabhaumikatA DA. devendrakumAra zAstrI ema0e0pI0eca0DI0 .... 20. bIsavIM sadI vikramI ke jaina santa yogI zrImad rAjacandrajI zrI kastUramala bAMThiyA 21. jaina jyotipa ke prAcInatamatva para sakSipta vivecana vaidya prakAza candra pAMDyA, prAyurvedAcArya 22. rAjasthAna ke katipaya pramukha digambara jaina maMdira anUpacandra nyAyatIrtha, sAhityaratna 23. jaina darzana ke pramukha pravaktA prAcArya samantabhadra pro0 udayacandra jaina ema0e. 24. prAtaH smaraNIya santa gaNeza varNI nIraja jaina 25. AgamoM aura tripiTakoM ke saMdarbha meM abhayakumAra muni zrI nagarAjajA 26. bhArata kI jaina jAtiyA~ bhaMvaralAla polyAkA jainadarzanAcArya tRtIya khaNDa ( sAhitya, dharma aura darzana ) ...265 ..."287 1. jainadarzana, pAzcAtya darzana aura vijJAna meM : AkAza aura kAla ___ muni zrI mahendra kumAra jI dvitIya 2. bhUdharadAsa kRta pArzvapurANa aura usameM pazu-pakSi varNana ___ DA. mahendra sAgara pracanDiyA, ena0e0 pI0eca0 DI0 3. samAdhi yoga prAcArya zrI rajanIzajI 4. AcArya somadeva aura unakA yazastilaka campU muni zrI vidyAnandajI mahArAja ..."261 1. jaina sAhitya meM zAnta rasa DA0 narendra bhAnAvata ema0e0pI0eca0DI0 ... 267 6. sAhitya; vyutpatti aura paribhASA DA0 ravIndra kumAra ema0e0pI0eca0DI0 ... 305 cAra

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7. phAgu kAvya kI navopalabdha kRtiyA~ DA0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla, ema0e0pI0eca0DI0 8. jainadarzana meM arthAdhigama cintana darabArIlAla koThiyA 6. darzana aura vijJAna meM AtmA 'udaya' nAgorI jaina bI0 e0 siddhAnta 10. dRSTikoNoM kA dRSTikoNa kanhaiyAlAla mizra 'prabhAkara' 11. gaMganareza mArasiMha kI sallekhanA 4 vidyAbhUSaNa paM0 ke0 bhujabalI zAstrI 12. bhAratIya jIvana nada ke do kinAre sva0 zrI satyadeva vidyAlaMkAra 14. saMskRta ke jaina sandeza kAvya gopIlAla zramara ema0 e0 'sAhityaratna'. 15, vAgbhaTAlaGkAra eka parizIlana amRtalAla zAstrI 16. siddhasena kA abhedavAda aura digambara paramparA siddhAMtAcArya paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI 17. hindI jaina bhakta kaviyoM kI madhura bhAvanA zrI raMjanasUri deva 13. apabhraMza sAhitya aura maNidhArI zrI jinacandra sUri kRta 'vyavasthA zikSA kulakam' DaoN0 hIrAlAla mAhezvarI, ema0e0, ela0ela0bI0, Di0 phil 18. nisIhiyA yA nasiyA~ hIrAlAla siddhAMtazAstrI pA~ca ....313 .... ....325 ....331 '''341 ....345 346 .....355 363 ....366 381 ....387 ....363

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prAkkathana prabhinandana evaM smRtigranthoM kI prakAzana paramparA isa yuga kA eka mahatvapUrNa prAyojana hai / jinhone apane mAvana jIvana ko jJAnArAdhanA, Atma-sAdhanA, sAhityasevA, paropakAra, dayA aura sahAnubhUti pAdi lokahitakArI kAryoM se punIta evaM anukaraNIya banA diyA hai unakA matkAra- samAdara to aise prAyojanoM se hotA hI hai kintu unase eka lAbha aura bhI hai| aise prakAzanoM ne darzana, purAtatva, itihAsa, samAjazAstra, rAjanIti, arthazAstra, dharma evaM vibhinna kalAoM para bhinna-bhinna lekhakoM dvArA likhe hue lekha eka hI jagaha anAyAsa ho upalabdha ho jAte hai / pAThakoM ko apanA jJAna bhaNDAra bharane ke lie yaha upalabdhi vastutaH asAdhAraNa hai| isase naye evaM udIyamAna lekhakoM ko protsAhana evaM preraNA bhI milatI hai / yaha lAbha bhI kama nahIM hai / jahAM taka merA khyAla hai hindI meM isa paramparA kA zrI gaNeza hindI ke parama unnAyaka sva0 zrI mahAvIra prasAda dvivedI ke abhinandana grantha me prArambha huaa| jina loka hitaiSiyoM kA apane jIvana kAla meM abhinandana nahIM ho sakA unakA unakI mRtyu ke bAda aise prakAzanoM dvArA samAdara kiyA gayA aura aba to yaha paramparA bar3I tejI se pallavita ho rahI hai aura aise logoM ke abhinandana evaM smRti grantha bhI prakAzita hue haiM jo unake yogya nahIM the phira bhI saba milAkara yaha kahanA hogA ki yaha para mparA jJAnArAdhanA yAdi kI dRSTi meM vAstava meM upAdeya hI hai| 1 jaina samAja meM bhI aise aneka ullekhanIya grantha prakAzita ho cuke haiN| aisA yAda par3atA hai ki sabase pahile prabhAta itihAsajJa sva0 zrI nAthUrAmajI premI kA abhinandana grantha prakAzita huA thaa| isake bAda zrI varNI prabhinandana grantha zrI candAvAI abhinandana grantha zrI mahAtmA hajArIbAla prabhinandana grantha, vijayavallabha sUri smAraka grantha zrI rajissUri smAraka grantha, tulasI abhinandana grantha, kAnajI svAmI abhinandana grantha bhAdi bhaneko abhinandana grantha prakAzita hue jo aneka dRSTiyoM se mahatvapUrNa aura saMgraha yogya hai| eka lambe meM me merA vicAra thA ki bAbU choTelAlajI kA bhI eka aisA hI abhinandana grantha prakAzita kiyA jaay| yaha vicAra mene mere priya ziSya zrI vaMzIdhara zAstrI ema0 e0 ke sAmane rakhA aura unhoMne isa vicAra ko Age bddh'aayaa| isake phalasvarUpa kalavala meM zrI choTelAla abhinandana samiti

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kA nirmANa kiyA gayA aura abhinandana grantha kI sArI prArtha-vyavasthA kA bhAra zrImAna seTha jugamaMdira lAlajI jaina ne apane Upara liyaa| eka sampAdaka maNDala cunA gyaa| hindI aura aMgrejI meM adhikArI vidvAnoM se lekha maMgAye gaye / lekha aura saMsmaraNa ekatrita ho jAne ke bAda yaha prazna sAmane pAyA ki usakA prakAzana kalakattA, jayapura yA vArANasI ina tIna sthAnoM meM se kahAM karavAyA jAya isa udher3abuna ne kAphI samaya le liyaa| meM bArabAra takAjA karatA rahA ki abhinandana grantha ke prakAzana meM vilamba karanA ThIka nahIM hai kintu mere takAjoM kA koI phala nahIM niklaa| unakA svAsthya dinoM dina giratA jArahA thaa| maiM hI nahIM aneka dUsare sajjana bhI unake svAsthya ke viSaya meM citita the| ve to cira rogI the| ekAeka roga kA prakopa bar3hA aura usane unake jIvana ko sadA ke lie prasta kara diyaa| yaha samAcAra sabhI ne mamantika vedanA ke sAtha munaa| isa ghaTanA ne abhinandana kI sArI yojanA ko asta-vyasta kara diyaa| kitanA acchA hotA ki unake jIvanakAla meM yaha abhinandana grantha prakAzita ho jaataa| kintu svAmI samantabhadra ke zabdoM meM "alaMdhyazaktirbhavitavyateyam" ke anusAra hotA vahI hai jo honA hotA hai / bhavitavya ke vidhAna ko kauna TAla makatA hai| aisI sthiti meM hamAre sAmane isake sivAya dUsarA koI vikalpa hI nahIM raha gayA thA ki unake isa abhinandana grantha ko unake smRtigrantha ke rUpa meM prakAzita kiyA jAya / unake anukaraNIya jIvana se hameM unake dehAvasAna ke bAda bhI preraNA milatI rahe yahI isa smRti grantha ke prakAzana kA uddezya hai| isa prasaMga meM unake mahAn vyaktitva ke viSaya meM bhI yahAM hama do zabda likha denA apanA kartavya samajhate haiN| bAbUjI vastutaH parahitaniratavRtti the / ve sahAnubhUti, sevA aura sahayoga ke mUrtimAna samanvaya the| unakI isa samanvayatA kA patA unake jIvana ke adhyayana se calatA hai| vAstava meM to manuSya ajJeya hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki vaha ananta cisavRttiyoM kA kendra hai aura ve cittavRtiyAM atyanta parokSa hone ke kAraNa auroM kI kauna kahe svayaM manuSya kI anamati meM nahIM paatiiN| jaba be kadAcita jAgRta hotI hai taba usako unakA anubhava hotA hai| kintu adhikAMza bhAva to grazuddha hI rahate haiN| jo cittavRtiyA jAgRta hokara manuSya kI anubhUti meM prA jAtI hai unheM bahuta bAra vaha mAyA kA prAdhaya lekara bAhara nahIM mAne detA; isalie ki usakI kamajorI kA dUsaroM ko patA na laga jAya, aura vaha aparijeya hI banA rahatA hai| yaha saca hai ki manuSya jitanA manuSya se DaratA hai utanA dUsare vimo se bhI nahIM DaratA isalie usake sAmane baha apane asalI rUpa meM bahuta kama prAtA hai| koI bhI manuSya kimI dUsare manuSya ke bAhya kAryoM ko dekha kara hI usake prazasta evaM prazasta hone kA anumAna karatA hai, isa kA niSkarSa yaha hai ki manuSya meM yadi mAyA kA bAhulya ho to usakA ThIka rUpa se adhyayana karanA bahuta kaThina ho jAtA hai| kAraNa yaha hai ki usa para lokaMSaNA kA bhUta burI taraha savAra rahatA hai| yaha choTI sI bhUmikA hameM isa saMsmaraNa ko ThIka samajhane meM sahAyatA degii| kahanA yaha hai ki bAva choTelAlajI meM maiMne jo sabase bar3I bAta dekhI vaha hai unakI niHshlyvRtti| maiM ise hI ma muNyatA kI

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(ga) kasoTI samajhatA huuN| jaina-darzana ko bhI yahI mAnyatA hai / zalya kA artha hai maayaa| jahAM mAyA hai vahAM sacAI kI thAha pAnA muzkila hai| maiMne bAbUjI ko isa kasauTI para kasA thaa| unameM jo dayA aura karuNA kA srota bahatA thA usameM pradarzana kA svAMga nahIM thaa| mujhe bAhara bhItara eka se jAna pdd'e| duniyAM meM vidvAnoM kI kamI nahIM, dAniyoM kI bhI vikalatA nahIM aura kAryakSama loga bhI yatra-tatra bahata hai| ye sArI cIjeM pradarzana ko prAdhAra banAkara bhI duniyAM ko mAMkhoM meM dhUla jhoMka sakatI haiN| isalie inase kabhI mAnavatA nahIM nikhara sktii| bAbUjI ko maiMne kAphI nikaTa se dekhA thaa| ve do bAra jayapura prAye / dUsarI bAra to kevala tIna dina hI rahe; kintu jaba ve pahalI bAra cikitsA ke lie yahAM Aye to eka lambe arse taka tthhre| isake pahale 'bIravANI' ke prakAzana ke bAda vyaktigata patroM ke mAdhyama se Apake sAtha merA saMparka sthApita ho gayA thA; kintu kabhI sAkSAtkAra nahIM huA thaa| bAbUjI jaba mujhe pahalI bAra mile to unake vyaktitva kA mujha para kAphI prabhAva par3A / jayapura meM kucha dina cikitsA karA lene ke bAda svargIya seTha bhadIcaMdajI jayapura dvArA nirmApita vedI vI pratiSThA ke avasara para jaba ve mahAvIrajI gaye taba hama karIba pAMca dina eka hI jagaha rahe, eka hI jagaha khAyA-piyA, uThe baiThe aura soe; eka hI sAtha kAra meM gaye mora eka hI sAtha vahAM se vApisa aaye| usa samaya sAmAjika evaM dUsare viSayoM para unase merI khulakara bAteM hotI thii| usa prasaMga meM maiM unake vyaktitva kA avikala rUpa meM adhyayana kara sakA thaa| bAvUjI vastRtaH sAhityika purAtatva premI, sevAbhAvI evaM sAmAjika kAryakartA the| jayapura meM cikitsA ke daugana bhI maine dekhA ki ve svAsthya kI binA paravAha kiye ghaNToM taka avirata bhAva se kAma karate rahate the / jayapura ke zAstra bhaNDArI ke ullekhanIya prAcIna evaM sacitra granthoM ko maMgAkara ve dekhate. unake phoTo livAne kA prabandha karate aura aise hI punIta prayatno meM ve lage rhte| maiM bImArI ke samaya itanA adhika kAma karane ke lie unheM manA karatA para unhoMne isa ora kabhI dhyAna hI nahIM diyaa| jaina sAhitya evaM purAtattva ke pracAra ke lie aisI lagana, aisI zraddhA aura prAsthA maine anyatra kahIM nahIM dekhii| eka dhanI kula meM utpanna evaM saMpanna vyakti meM mAnopAsanA ke prati itanI lagana hone ke udAharaNa hamAre deza meM kama ho mileNge| bAbUjI ne yahAM kI kucha saMsthAnoM aura vIravANI ko apane jayapura pravAsa ke samaya kitanI aArthika sahAyatA dI, isakA ullekha yahAM nahIM karUgA; kintu maiM isa prasaMga meM unakI eka ullekhanIya mAnava vatti ke upasthita karane kA lobha saMvaraNa nahIM kara sktaa| jaba bAbUjI apanI cikitsA ke lie yahAM pAye taba purAtatva premI evaM anusaMdhAnapriya sthAnIya vidvAna zrI zrIprakAza zAstrI kSaya roga se grasta the| bAvajI vIravANI meM prakAzita unake khojapUrNa lekhoM se prabhAvita the| jaba unheM inake rogagrasta hone kA patA calA to bAbUjI bahuta vitita hue aura mujhe kahane lage ki isa honahAra yuvaka ko jaise ho vaise bacAiye / inheM mainIToriyama meM bhartI karA dIjie / vahAM kA sArA kharcA maiM detA rahUMgA / bAbUjI ne apanI bAta anta taka nibhAI kintu vidhi ke vidhAna ko kauna TAla sakatA hai ? sainIToriyama kI cikitsA se koI lAbha nahIM hayA aura eka lambI avadhi ke bAda unakA dehAnta ho gyaa| maine dekhA ki bAbUjI meM dharma ke mAnava rUpa kA prakAza jala rahA thaa| unakI kRpA jahAM bhI prasphuTita hotI kucha karake ho vizrAma letii| unakI dayA bhI dAna rahita nahIM hotI thii| ve anukaMpA

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(gha) se kisI bhI duHkha kaMpita ko dekhakara svayaM kA~pane lagate aura usakI avazya sahAyatA karanA apanA kartavya smjhte| aisA jAna par3atA jaise ye sAre hI punIta kArya unake jIvanavrata bana gaye hoN| maiMne unheM jaba kabhI kisI yuvaka ko usake yogya koI kAma dilAne ke lie likhA unhoMne use kAma dilAphara hI Ina lii| mai samajhatA hUM ki ve mAnava hita ke lie kabhI thakAna kA anubhava nahIM karate the / roga zayyA para par3e-par3e bhI ve janahita ke kAryoM meM lage rahate aura prAyaH saphala bhI hote / bAjo svataMtra vicAraka the / ruDhiyoM ke gulAma nahIM the| ve yugAnumArI vicAradhArA ke kaTTara samarthaka the| uname mAdamI ko hI nahIM usakI liyAkata ko parakhane kI bhI kSamatA gho| yadyapi ve mAvaka the; kintu usa bhAvukatA kA upayoga dUsaroM ke upakAra ke lie hI hotA thaa| upakAra kI jahAM prAvazyakatA hoto vahIM unakI kSamatA kA upayoga hotA / mujhe unakI dAnavRtti ke viSaya meM bhI kucha kahanA hai| merA khavAla hai ki unake dAna meM tAmasikatA aura rAjasikatA kI apekSA sAtvikatA kI adhika preraNA hotI thii| deza, kAla aura pAtratA kA vicAra karake hI be dAna meM pravRtta hote the| unheM apane dAna kA zora kataI pasaMda nahIM thaa| unhoMne mujhe kaI bAra likhA thA ki unako kisI bhI upakRti kI khabara dramaroM ko na ho| isameM koI zaka nahIM hai ki aisI mAnava vRtti duniyAM meM bahuta durlabha hai| ve lokaMSaNA se sadA ho dUra rahanA cahate the| maine cAhA ki bAbUjI ko jayapura bulAkara unakA yahAM sArvajanika abhinandana kiyA jAya; kintu jaba unheM mere isa irAde kA patA calA to unhoMne jayapura prAne kA vicAra hI chor3a diyaa| bAvajI se jaina samAja kA hara kSetra prabhAvita thaa| pUMjIpati, vidvAna, sAmAjika kAryakartA, le.ka.pUrAtatva premI aura kalAkAra prAdi mabhI para unakI dhAka thii| jaisA ki pahale kahA hai unakI sabase bar3I vizeSatA thI unakI parahita niratavRttitA aura isI kAraNa ve saba ke prAkarSaNa ke kendra bane hae the| yapa ve cirarogI the phira bhI apanI pahitanirata vattitA ko sajIva banAe hae the| usameM kabhI vyavadhAna nahIM Ane dete the| sacamuca be jIvanta sAhasa ke putale the| roga ke pra.kramaNakArI dauroM kI jaise unhe paravAha ho nahIM thii| isa rogI zarIra se ve apane prakSaya yazaH zarIra kA nirmANa kara deza kI bhAvI pIDhI ke lie eka prAdarza upasthina kara rahe the| aise asAdhAraNa vyaktitva kA thor3A bahata paricaya aise smRti prathoM ke prAdhAra se hI mila sakatA hai aura yahI isake prakAzA kA uddezya bhI hai| isa smRti pratha ko yathAzakti upayogI banAne kA prayatna kiyA hai| phira bhI isameM kamiya evaM truTiyAM rahanA samava hai| manuSya to prazakta evaM akSama hai isalie usakI akSamatAeM kSamA karane ke yogya haiN| isa smRti atha kI saphalatA kA sArA zreya khAsakara una vidvAna lekhakoM ko hai jinhone isake lie apanI komatI racanA bhejakara hameM anugRhIta kiyA hai| -cainasukhadAsa

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prakAzakIya vaktavya suprasiddha samAja sevI, purAtatvavettA, udAramanA bAbU choTelAlajI jaina samAja ke pramukha vyatti the / unhoMne samAja saMgaThana aura sudhAra tathA saMskRti ke saMrakSaNa meM mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyA hai / bhArata kI rAjadhAnI dehalI sthita vIra sevA maMdira unake athaka zrama evaM purAtatva prema kA pratIka hai / unakA sAhitya prema evaM vidvAnoM ke prati zraddhAbhAva anukaraNIya hai| ve apane vyApArika kAryoM kA uttaradAyitva nibhAte hue niraMtara asvasthatA ke kAla meM bhI samAja sevA, saMskRti, purAtattva, vyAvasAyika saMgaThanoM mAdi ke lie apanA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna dete rahate the| aneka mitra prApa jaise mamAja sevI kA abhinandana karane kA vicAra prakaTa karate rahate the kiMta prApane abhinandana karAnA kabhI svIkAra nahIM kiyA kyoki pApa vijJApana ke binA sevA meM jyAdA vizvAsa karate the| zraddhaya paM0 cainasukhadAsajI adhyakSa jaina saMskRta kAleja, jayapura mujhe unake prabhinandana ke lie preraNA karate rahate the lekina bAbUjI se jaba kabhI isakI carcA cher3atA ve aisA virodha karate ki kaI dina taka isa vicAra ko punaH uThAne kA sAhasa hI nahIM hotA thA / sana 64 kI rakSA baMdhana ke pAvana divasa para hama kucha mitroM ne bAbUjI ko asvasthatA evaM vAkya ko lakSya meM rakhakara unake abhinandana kA nizcaya kiyA aura usa nizcaya ko unakI jAnakArI bimA hI kriyAnvita karanA prArambha kara diyaa| isa kArya ke lie zrI choTelAla jaina abhinandana samiti kA gaThana kiyA gyaa| jisakI sadasya sUcI prAge dI gaI hai ) samAja ke pramukha vyaktiyoM ne bAbUjI kA abhinandana karane ke nizcaya kI prazaMsA kI evaM apanA sahayoga dene kA prAzvAsana diyaa| samiti kI prathama baiThaka 28 pharavarI san 65 ko bailagachiyA upavana meM udyoga pati zrI mizrI. lAlajI jaina kI adhyakSatA meM huii| samiti ne bAbUjI ke abhinandana ke pratIka svarUpa abhinandana

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samarpaNa karane kA nizcaya kiyaa| pratha ke saMpAdanArtha nimnalikhita vidvAnoM kA saMpAdaka maNDala gaThita kiyA gayA: zrI paM0 cainasukhadAsajI nyAyatIrtha, jayapura / ., DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhyAya, kolhApura / ,, paM0 kailAzacandajI zAstrI; vaaraannsii| , agaracandajI nAhaTA; bIkAnera / DA. kastUracanda kAzalIvAla; jayapura / DA. satyaraMjana banarjI; kalakattA / kAlIdAsa nAga / graMtha meM hindI evaM aMgrejI ke lekha rakhanA svIkAra kiyA gyaa| kheda hai ki inameM se thI kAlIdAsa nAga kA dehAvasAna hogyaa| ' samiti ne nizcaya kiyA ki grantha ke mudraNa prAdi kA kArya paM0 cainasukhadAsa jI ke sAnidhya meM jayapura meM hI ho| etaddhetu eka aise vyakti ko AvazyakatA anubhava kI gaI jo prUpha rIDiMga prAdi evaM anya kAryoM meM unheM sahayoga de sake aura jo saMskRta, aMgrejI kA vidvAn ho / ataH etadartha paM0 bhaMvaralAlajI polyAkA, jainadarzanAcArya, kI niyukti ko gaI aura unhoMne yaha kArya karanA svIkAra kara liyaa| phalasvarUpa zrI nAga ke sthAna para unakA sahavaraNa kiyA gyaa| ukta nizcayAnusAra abhinandana graMtha kI taiyArI kI jAne lgii| paM0 cainasukhadAsajI evaM DA0 upAdhyAyajI ne kramazaH hindI, evaM aMgrejI ke lekhoM kA saMpAdana kiyA hai| saMpAdaka maNDala ke anya sadasyoM ne yathAzakya sahayoga diyA hai| isake lie samiti ina vidvAnoM ke prati hAdika prAmAra prakaTa karatI hai| jina vidvAnoM evaM mahAnubhAvoM ne grantha ke lie lekhAdi dekara sahayoga diyA unakI bhI samiti bahuta bhAbhArI hai| abhinandana grantha kI sAmagrI ke saMkalana evaM saMpAdana ho jAne ke bAda bhI kinhIM kAraNoM se usakA prakAzana prArambha nahIM huaA thA ki bAbUjI kA svAsthya acAnaka adhika kharAba ho gayA aura unheM 11 disambara san 65 ko aspatAla meM le jAyA gyaa| vahAM kabhI unake punaH svastha hone ko pAzA dikhatI aura kabhI vaha pAzA kSINa hotI thii| ve usa avasthA meM bhI sAhitya evaM samAja tathA vidvAnoM kI carcA meM pUrNa rasa lete the| . mRtyu se 10 dina pUrva unhoMne kahA thA "dekho ! paM0 lAlabahAdura zAstrI kI mRtyu ke bAda hI rASTrapati ne unako bhArataratna kI upAdhi dI hai| vyakti kI mRtyu ke bAda hI usakA abhinandana honA

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zreyaskara hai / merA bhI abhinandana yA jo kucha karanA ho merI mRtyu ke bAda karanA / " unakI hAdika bhAvanA pUrI huI aura hamArA abhinandana na lete hue ve 26 janavarI 66 ke dina hamase hamezA ke lie bichur3a ge| isa yojanA meM sahayoga dene vAle sabhI dhImAnoM evaM zrImAnoM ke prati samiti prAbhAra prakaTa karatI huI kAmanA karatI hai ki bAbUjI kI prAtmA samAja kI bhAvI pIDhI ke pathapradarzana ke lie prakAza stambha kA kArya karatI rhe| - sadasya-sUcI kalakattA 1. sAhU zAMtiprasAdajI jaina 2. zrI vijayasiMhajI nAhara 3. .. sohanalAlajI dUgar3a 4. , narendrasiMhajI siMdhI 5. ,, yazapAlajI jaina dehalI 6. ,, jugalakizorajI mukhtAra , 7. ,, jugamaMdiradAsajI jaina kalakattA 8. ,, premacandajI jaina dehalI 6. ,, jainendrakumArajI , 10. ,, paM0 cainamukhadAsajI nyAyatIrtha, jayapura 11. ., mUlacanda kisanadAsa kApar3iyA sUrata 12. , dharmacandajI sarAvagI phalakattA 13. , indra dUgar3a, 14. ,, zrIcandajI rAmapuriyA , 15. ,, gopIcandajI caupar3A , 16. ,, satyabhaktajI, vardhA 17. ., navaratanamalajI sugaNA kalakattA 18. zrI lAbhacandajI surANA 16. , mizrIlAlajI 20. , nathamalajI seThI 21. , mohanalAlajI sAha 22. DA0 e0 ena upAdhyAya, kolhApura 23. zrImatI caMdAbAI jI pArA 24. DA0 nemIcaMdajI jaina, pArA 25. paM0 kailAzacandajI zAstrI, vArANasI 26. paM0 jagamohanalAlajI kaTanI 27. zrI bhagavatarAyajo jaina dehalI 28. , agaracandajI nAhaTA bIkAnera 26. ,, nathamalajI TAMTiyA vaizAlI 30. , bAbUlAlajI jaina kalakattA 31. , lakSmIcandajI jaina , 32. , DA. kastUracaMdajI kAsalIvAla jayapura 33. ,, baMzIdhara zAstrI kalakattA 34. ,, gajarAjajI gaMgavAla kalakattA

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35. zrI amaracandajI pahAr3iyA kalakattA 36. .. madanalAlajI kAlA 37. , madanalAlajI pANDayA 38. ,, himmatasiMhajI jaina 36. , bAbUlAlajo pATaNI 40. , zikharacandajI pahAr3iyA 41. ,, kisanalAlajI kAlA 42. , indracaMdajI pATaNI 43. pro0 kalyANacaMdajI lor3hA 44. zrI surajamalajo bacchAvata 45. , gajAnandajI pAMDyA gayA / 46. rA0 ba0 harakhacaMdajI rAMcI 47. zrI mohanalAlajI pATaNI kalakattA 48. ,, jagannAthajI pANDyA koDaramA 46. ,, sAgaramalajI girar3I 50. nemIcandajI pAMkhyA gauhATI 51. ,, cAMdamalajI pAMcyA 52. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI bAkalIvAla manIpura 53. ,, bhAgacandajI sonI ajamera 54. , rAjakumAra siMhajI iMdaura 55. , maTarUmalajI banAr3A mAgarA 56. ,, mahendrajI mAgarA 57. , pracasiMhajI 58. , chidAmIlAlajI phIrojAbAda 56. , vimala candajI kharakharI 60. , badrIprasAdajI sarAvagI paTanA 61. ,, dIpacandajI nAhaTA kalakattA 62. ,, subodhakumAjI pArA 63. , sItArAmajI sekasariyA kalakattA 64. , rAmezvarajI TATiyA 65. DA0 banArasIdAsajI keDiyA , 66. zrI nandalAlajI 67., bajaraMgalAlajI jaina banzIdhara zAstrI saMyojaka zrI choTelAla jaina abhinandana samiti

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sampAdakIya jinake jIvana meM karuNA, anukaMpA evaM sahAnubhUti zrAdi aneka mAnavIya sadvRttiyoM kI prajA dhArA bahatI rahatI hai ve sabhI ke lie anukaraNIya hote haiN| aisA jIvana hara eka ke lie preraNA kA srota bana sakatA hai aura usakI vizeSatAe~ vartamAna evaM prazranAgata manuSya ke jIvana nirmANa ke lie sahAyaka ho sakatI haiN| svargIya bAba choTelAlajI jaina kalakattA aise hI mAnavo cita guNoM ke dhanI the grataH unake prati sAmUhika kRtajJatA prakaTa karane ke lie isa smRti graMtha kA prakAzita karanA atyanta zrAvazyaka thaa| isa smRtigraMtha meM unake jIvana paricaya evaM saMsmaraNa zraddhAMjaliyoM ke atirikta aneka mahattvapUrNa nibandha bhI haiM jo pAThakoM ko vibhinna viSayoM ke jJAnArjana meM sahAyaka siddha hoNge| isa graMtha meM cAra khaNDa hai / isa smRti graMtha ke prathama khaNDa meM svargIya bAbU choTelAlajI jaina ke preraNAspada vyaktitva kI jhAMkI prastuta karane ke sAtha sAtha unake bhAva bhare saMsmaraNa aura vinamra zraddhAMjaliyAM haiM dvitIya khaNDa meM itihAsa, purAtattva evaM zodha sambandhI sAmagrI hai| tRtIya khaNDa meM sAhitya, dharma aura darzana sambandhI lekha haiM / caturtha khaNDa meM aMgrejI meM likhe hue vivaraNA pUrNa lekha haiN| pAThakoM kI suvidhA hetu prathamakhaNDa ko chor3akara zeSa khaNDoM kI sAmagrI kI saMkSipta sI sUcanA yahAM dI jA rahI hai / 'prAcIna bhAratIya vastra aura vezabhUSA" ke lekhaka zrI gokulacandra jaina haiM / Apane zrAcArya somadeva kRta 'yazastilaka cammU' jo dasavIM zatAbdI kI prasAdhAraNa, mahatvapUrNa evaM ullekhanIya racanA hai, ke AdhAra para tatkAlIna bhAratIya vastra evaM vezabhuSA para prakAza DAlA hai / lekha meM sAmAnya vastroM kA hI nahIM sile hue vastroM kA bhI varNana hai| lekha se kevala tatkAlIna bhAratIya aura videzI vastroM aura vezabhUSA kA hI jJAna nahIM hotA zrapitu usa samaya ke vastrodyoga aura bhArata ke videzoM ke sAtha sambandhoM kA bhI paricaya milatA hai / " bappabhaTTa carita : aitihAsika mahatva" kurukSetra vizva vidyAlaya ke itihAsa vibhAga ke adhyakSa zrI harizrananta phar3ake kI kRti hai / 'babhaTTi carit' prAcArya prabhAcandra ke prabhAvaka carita' kA eka aMza hai| graMtha kI racanA samApti I0 sa0 1277 meM huI thii| lekhaka ke anusAra usameM rAjA zrAma nAgAvaloka ke sabhA paMDita zrAcArya vappamaTTi kA jo jIvana-carita hai usakA kevala dhArmika hI nahIM apitu aitihAki mahatva bhI hai| 'bappabhaTTi carit' meM variNata aitihAsika

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itivRtta kA samarthana anya pramANoM se bhI hotA hai / lekha itihAsa ke vidvAnoM aura chAtroM ke lie atyanta upayogI hai| "mahAkavi raidhU yugIna agravAloM kI sAhitya sevA' DA0 rAjArAma jaina ema. e. pI. eca. Do. kI racanA hai| isameM agravAla jAtIya mahAkavi raidhU aura unake samasAmayika agravAla bandhumoM ko sAhityasevA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| lekha se agravAla jAti ke itihAsa ke eka pariccheda kA paricaya prApta hotA hai|" vAstava meM jaina graMthoM kI prazastiyAM kevala jaina itihAsa ke lie hI nahIM bhAratIya itihAsa ke liye bhI mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI prastuta karatI haiM aura unake adhyayana se itihAsa ko kaI vilupta kar3iyAM jor3I jA sakatI haiM / lekha saMgraha yogya hai| "hindo AdikAla ke jaina prabandha kAvya" ke racanAkAra zrI zyAma varmA, ema. esa. sI. ema. e. (saMskRta, aMgrejI evaM hindI) haiN| prastuta nibandha meM vikrama kI AThavIM zatAbdI se lekara caudahavIM zatAbdI taka ke jaina prabandha kAvyoM kA saMkSipta paryAlocana kiyA gayA hai| lekhaka ne mahAkavi svayaMbhUdeva, mahAkavi puSpadanta, aura haribhadrasari kI racanAoM para eka pAlocanAtmaka dRSTi DAlate hue kahA hai ki inakI vidhAnoM, zailiyoM, kAvyarUr3hiyoM Adi kI pUrva paramparA aura paravartI kAvya para prabhAva vistRta adhyayana ke viSaya haiM / hindI sAhitya ke itihAsa ke adhyetAoM ke lie nibandha kA mahattva spaSTa hai / ___ "jaina saMskRti meM nArI ke vividha rUpa" zrI premasumana ema. e. risarcaskAlara kI racanA hai jisameM jaina saMskRti meM nArI kI sthiti, vaivAhika paramparA, bauddhika nAriyAM, kalAvizArada, vIrAMganA, satI prathA, vidhavA vivAha, bahupatnItva prathA pardAprathA, gaNikAeM, sAdhvI nAriyAM, evaM striyoM kI nindA aura prazaMsA Adi viSayoM para vividha rUpoM aura dRSTikoNoM se nArI kA adhyayana prastuta kiyA gayA hai| 'jaina samAja ke prAndolana" meM satyasamAja ke saMsthApaka svAmI satyabhakta ne jainasamAja ke pichale sATha sattara varSoM ke AndolanoM kA eka vihaMgama siMhAvalokana prastuta karate hue apane sAtha bAba choTelAlajo ke sambandhoM para prakAza DAlA hai| "mathurA kI prAcIna kalA meM samanvayabhAvanA' ke lekhaka zrI kRSNadatta vAjapeyI haiM / lekha meM lekhaka ne mathurA se prApta prAcIna aitihAsika sAmagrI kA vivecana prastuta karate hue niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki yahAM ke kuzala kalAkAra aneka dezI aura videzI tatvoM tathA bhAratIya dharma evaM darzana ko vividha dhArAoM kA samanvita rUpa prastuta karane meM saphala hue haiN| purAtatva premiyoM aura zodhakartAoM ke lie lekha kA mahatva spaSTa hai| "bhaTTAraka yugIna jaina saMskRta sAhitya kI pravRttiyA~"-lekhaka-DA0 nemIcandra zAstrI, ema. e. DI. liT pArA haiN| adhyayanazIla aura vidvAna lekhaka ne isa nibandha meM 13vIM zatI se 18vIM zatI taka ke bhaTTAraka yugIna 'paurANika caritakAvya," "ladhuprabandhakAvya," "saMdeza yA dUtakAvya" prAdi pandraha pramukha sAhityika pravRttiyoM ke vikAsa prAdi para manana karane yogya evaM

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gaveSaNApUrNa vicAra kiyA hai| vAstava meM lekhaka kA yaha kathana ki granyabAhulya ko dRSTi se to isa yuga kA mahatva hai hI, para vividha viSayaka racanAyo kI dRSTi se bhI isa yuga kA kama mahatva nahIM hai, akSarazaH satya hai| ___ 'paMca kalyANaka tithiyAM aura nakSatra' lekhaka-zrI milApacanda kaTAriyA, kekdd'ii| prastuta nibaMdha meM lekhaka ne uttarapurANa, apabhraMza mahApurANa aura kalyANa mAlA ina tInoM graMthoM kI paMcakalyANaka tithiyoM ke matabheda ko jyotiSazAstra ke pramANAnumAra zuddha karake samanvita kiyA hai aura anta meM paMcakalyANakoM ko zuddha tithiyoM aura nakSatroM kA eka cArTa diyA hai / lekhaka ko yuktiyAM akATya mAlUma hoto haiM aura etad sambandhI vivAda ko samApta karane meM sakSama haiN| lekhaka ne yaha lekha bar3e adhyayana aura parizrama se likhA hai| "jaina graMthoM meM rASTrakUToM kA itihAsa' lekhaka-zrI rAmaballabha somaanii| jaina granthoM kI prazastiyA~ aitihAsika dRSTi se bar3I mahattvapUrNa haiN| yadi inakA parizrama pUrvaka adhyayana kiyA jAve to bhArata ke itihAsa kI kaI vilupta kar3iyAM sahaja hI jor3I jA sakatI haiN| prastuta lekha meM lekhaka ne jaina grathoM se rASTrakUToM ke itihAsa kA varNana kiyA hai jo zlAghanIya hai| "bhAratIya sAhitya meM sItA haraNa prasaMga" lekhaka-DA0 choTelAla zarmA ema. e. pI. eca. DI. / prastuta lekha meM bhAratIya vAGmaya meM sItA haraNa prasaMga se sambandhita jitane bhI prakAra kI dhArAeM upalabdha hotI hai una sabakA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| 'prAcArya hemacandra kI dRSTi meM bhAratIya samAja" lekhaka-DaoN0 jayazaMkara mizra ema. e. pI. eca. DI. prastuta nibaMdha meM prAcArya hemacandra ke graMthoM ke aAdhAra para bhAratIya samAja sambandhI ullekhoM kA vizleSaNa aura mUlyAMkana kiyA gayA hai / varNavyavasthA kesI thI, brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya evaM zUdroM kA samAja meM kyA sthAna thA, zUdroM kI utpatti kaise huI, prAdi viSayoM dvArA tayugIna samAja ke svarUpa ko samajhane meM lekha se bar3I sahAyatA milatI hai| 5vIM zatI ke prAkRta grantha vasudeva hinDI kI rAmakathA"-lekhaka zrI agara canda nAhaTA / prastuta lekha meM lekhaka ne yaha siddha kiyA hai ki sItA rAvaNa kI putrI thI athavA janaka kI, etada sambandhI vivAda bhArata meM 5vIM zatI se bhI prAcInatara hai| graMtha ke nAma ke sAtha jo hindI zabda lagA hai hamAre vicAra me vaha hindI kA hI pUrva rUpa hai / vasudeva hinDI arthAt vasUdeva bhASA athavA hindI bhASA meM vasudeva caritra / agara hamArA yaha vicAra satya hai to hindI zabda aura hindI bhASA kA prAdurbhAva 5vIM zato se bhI adhika pUrva meM calA jAtA hai| bhASA sambandhI zodha kartAmoM ke liye 'vasudeva hinDI' vAstava meM eka mahattvapUrNa kar3I siddha ho sakatA hai| 'agravAloM kA jaina dharma meM yogadAna' lekhaka-zrI paramAnanda shaastrii| prastuta lekha me bArahavIM zatAbdI se lekara Aja taka agravAla jAti kA jaina dharma ke pracAra aura vikAsa meM kyA paura kitanA yoga rahA hai isa para aitihAsika dRSTi se saMkSipta vivecana kiyA hai| agravAla jAti kA yadi itihAsa likhA jAve to yaha nibandha lekhaka ko mahattvapUrNa sUcanAeM pradAna karane meM samartha hai| hindI kA AdikAla aura jaina sAhitya' lekhaka-DA0 chavinAtha tripAThI ema. e.pI. eca. ddii.| prAdikAlIna jaina sAhitya kI upekSA kara hindI sAhitya ke prAdikAla ke svarUpa aura

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( Dha ) usake sarvAgINa mahattva kA Akalana kara pAnA saMbhava nahIM hai, yaha hai vaha niSkarSa jo lekhaka ne hindI ke prAdikAla ke jaina graMthoM kA rAsaka, muktaka prAdi zIrSakoM ke antargata paricaya de nikAlA hai / lekhaka ne jo kucha kahA hai usake viSaya meM do mata nahIM ho sakate / kheda hai ki idhara isa sambandhI zodha kArya bahuta kama huA hai| jaba taka tatkAlIna prApta jaina grantho kA isa dRSTi se adhyayana na kiyA jAye hindI sAhitya ke AdikAla ke itihAsa ke panne bhare nahIM jA sakate / 'do aitihAsika racanAeM' lekhaka - zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA / isa lekha meM 'zrI pUjya zrI cintAmaNijI janmotpatti svAdhyAya, tathA 'gaNanAyaka zrI khemakaraNajI janmotpatti saMthArA vidhi' nAmaka do racanAoM kA paricaya diyA gayA hai jo 18vIM zatAbdI kI haiM aura aba taka prakAzita haiM / "rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya meM madhyakAlIna jaina prastara pratimAe~" lekhaka - zrI bRjendranAtha zarmA ema. e. prastuta nibandha meM rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya meM saMgRhIta katipaya jaina prastara pratimAnoM kA, jo madhyakAlIna haiM, paricaya diyA gayA hai| jinakA paricaya prastuta lekha meM hai ve pratimAe~ RSabhanAtha, supArzvanAtha, pArzvanAtha, pArzvanAtha, tIrthakara, gomedha zrIra ambikA tathA ambikA kI haiN| lekha sacitra hai / " zrAcArya jinezvara zrIra kharataragaccha " lekhaka - sAhitya mahopAdhyAya zrI vinayasAgarajI / isa lekha meM kharataragaccha ke udbhAvaka prAcArya jinezvara sUri ke jIvana darzana para vivecana karate hue kharataragaccha zabda para vicAra kiyA gayA hai tathA kharatara gaccha kA utpatti kAla saM0 1066 se 1078 ke madhya mahArAjA durlabharAja ke rAjyakAla me siddha kiyA hai| "jainadharma kI prAcInatA evaM sArvabhaumikatA" lekhaka - DA0 devendrakumAra zAstrI | lekha meM aneka puSTa pramANoM aura yuktiyoM dvArA jaina dharma ko prAcIna zraura sArvabhauma pramANita kiyA gayA hai / lekha parizramapUrvaka likhA gayA hai aura jaina itihAsa kA adhyayana karane vAloM ke lie isakI mahattA svayaMsiddha hai / "bIsavIM sadI vikramI ke jainasaMta yogI zrImadrAjacandrajI" lekhaka - zrI kastUramala bA~ThiyA | zrImadrAjacandra se prAyaH pratyeka svAdhyAya premI pAThaka paricita hogaa| zrImad kA prabhAva gAMdhIjI ne svayaM apane Upara honA svIkAra kiyA thA / lekha pAThaka ko sadAcAra kI preraNA detA hai| 'jaina jyotiSa ke prAcInatamatva para saMkSipta vivecana" lekhaka- vaMdya prakAzacandra pAMDyA zrAyurvedAcArya / jaisA ki lekha ke zIrSaka se svayaM prakaTa hai prastuta lekha meM jaina jyotiSa ko prAcInatama siddha kiyA gayA hai| isa viSaya meM ruci rakhane vAle vidvAnoM ke liye lekha mahatvapUrNa hai aura parizramapUrvaka likhA gayA hai| "jaina darzana ke pramukha pravaktA zrAcArya samantabhadra" lekhaka-pro0 udayacandra jaina ema. e. / ukta lekha meM prAcArya samantabhadra ke dArzanika vicAroM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| darzana kA kyA

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artha hai ? jaina darzana ke itihAsa meM samantabhadra kA kyA sthAna hai ? unake samaya kI dArzanika vicAradhArA kyA thI? unhoMne sarvajJa aura vastu meM utpAda vyaya dhrauvya kI siddhi kisa prakAra kI hai ? Adi viSayoM kA vivecana hai jisase pAThaka ko samantabhadra kI dArzanika vicAradhArA kA to bhAna hotA hI hai, sAtha hI jaina darzana kI mukhya-mukhya bAtoM kA bhI jJAna ho jAtA hai| __"prAtaH smaraNIya santa gaNeza varNI" lekhaka-nIraja jaina / nIrajajI hindI ke jAne mAne lekhaka haiM / gaNezaprasAdajo varNI ke nAma se bhI zAyada hI koI jaina aparicita ho / una jaise sarala svabhAvI sAdhu kama hI dekhane meM pAte haiN| "pAgamoM va tripiTakoM ke saMdarbha meM abhayakumAra" lekhaka muni zrI nagarAja jI / zreNika ke putra abhayakumAra kA varNana jaina aura bauddha donoM hI sAhitya meM pAyA hai kintu usakA jIvana vRttAnta bhinna-bhinna prakAra se variNata hai| muni zrI ne pramANa sahita siddha kiyA hai ki jaina aura bauddha abhayakumAra eka hI vyakti na hokara do pRthaka-pRthaka vyakti haiN| lekha kI apanI aitihAsika vizeSatA hai| "bhArata kI jaina jAtiyAM" lekhaka-bhaMvaralAla polyAkA / prastuta lekha meM lekhaka ne vibhinna mUciyoM ke aAdhAra se 350 se bhI adhika jAtiyoM ke nAma ginAye haiM jaba ki pracalita jana zruti ke anusAra inakI saMkhyA 84 hI kahI jAtI hai pratyeka mUcikAra ne bhI yaha saMkhyA 84 hI rakhI hai| lekha meM kucha jAtiyo ke prApta prAcInatama ullegvoM kA bhI varNana hai / lekha khoja pUrNa hai| tRtIya khaNDa "jaina darzana, pAzcAtya darzana aura vijJAna me AkAza aura kAla" lekhaka-muni mahendrakumAra jI dvitIya / prastuta lekha meM prAkAza aura kAla sambandhI jana aura pAzcAtya darzanoM evaM vaijJAnika mAnyatAoM kA tulanAtmaka vivecana prastuta kiyA gayA hai aura anta meM niSkarSa nikAlA gayA hai ki vaijJAnika prApekSikatA kA siddhAnta aAkAza aura kAla sambandhI jina dhAraNAmoM ko upasthita karatA hai unakI satyatA asaMdigdha evaM unakA dArzanika pratipAdana sarvasammata nahIM hai| AkAza, kAla aura vizva kI gatisthiti sambandhI samasyAoM kA hala karane vAle jaina darzana ke siddhAMta eka samyak dArzanika praNAlI aAja ke vaijJAniko ke samakSa upasthita karate hai| muni zrI svayaM bI. esa. sI hai ataH unakA vivecana vaijJAnika evaM adhikRta hai| yAja ima hI prakAra ke vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa se jainadarzana ke siddhAnta vizva ke samakSa rakhane kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai| bhUdharadAsa kRta pArzvapurANa aura usameM pazu-pakSi varNana" lekhaka-DA. mahendrasAgara pracaMDiyA ema. e. pI eca. DI. / lekha meM kavi bhUdharadAsa ne apanI bhAvanAoM ko abhivyakti hetU pArzva pUrANa meM jina pazu-pakSiyoM kA AdhAra liyA hai unakA adhyayana karate hue niSkarSa nikAlA gayA hai ki yadyapi kavi kA jIvana dhAmika maryAdAoM meM niyamita aura sImita thA tathApi unhoMne jIvana kI aneka sthiti-paristhitiyoM kA sUkSmAtisUkSma jJAna thaa| "samAdhiyoga" lekhaka-AcArya zrI rajanIza / lekhaka ke anusAra satya kI khoja ke do mArga haiN| eka vaicArika aura dUsarA dArzanika / vaicArika mArga tarka para AdhArita hone se

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mithyA aura dizA bhrAmaka hai aura usase satya ko prApti nahIM ho sktii| tatva cintana anyoM dvArA prakAza kI vicAra aura vivecanA hai jaba ki yoga svayaM ko aAMkheM detA hai aura satya ke darzana kI sAmarthya aura pAtratA utpanna karatA hai| citta kI zanya aura pUrNa jAgRta avasthA hI samAdhi hai / samAdhi satya kI cakSu hai| saccidAnanda svarUpa kI anubhUti hI vAstavika jIvana hai| usake pUrva mAnava mRtaka ke samAna hai| "prAcArya somadeva aura unakA yazastilaka campU lekhaka- muni zrI vidyAnandajI mahArAja / prastuta lekha meM muni zrI ne prAcArya somadeva ke vyaktitva aura unakI bahucarcita kRti yazastilaka cammU kA adhyayana karate hue yaha pariNAma nikAlA hai ki prAcArya somadeva loka vyavahAra ke prabala pakSapAtI the aura isI vyavahAra mArga se nizcaya mArga kI ora agrasara honA unheM abhISTa thaa| vAstava meM jaisA ki lekhaka mahodaya ne kahA hai isa dRSTi se prAcArya ke kRtitva kA mUlyAMkana niHsaMdeha apekSita hai| "jaina sAhitya meM zAnta rasa'' lekhaka-DA. narendra bhAnAvata ema.e. pii.ec.ddii.| "jaina dharma aura darzana kA mUla svara prAtmA para par3e hue vibhinna karma pudgaloM kA prAvaraNa haTA kara use apane vizddha sahaja rUpa meM dekhanA hai| yahI manobhUmi use sAhitya sarjana kI ora prerita karatI hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina sAhitya me jIvana ke vibhinna pakSo kA nirUpaNa hote hue bhI usakI antima pariNati zAMta rasAtmaka hai ....... " isa pRSTha bhUmi meM lekhaka ne sAhitya meM rasa zabda ke vibhinna prayogo kA digdarzana karAte hue jaina dRSTikoNa se zAMta rasa kI pramukhatA siddha karate hue evaM rasa sambandhI navIna dRSTikoNa me vicAra karate hue zAMta rasa kA rasa rAjatva pramANita kiyA hai tathA jaina sAhitya meM zAMtarasa kI pramukhatA dekhakara jo loga ise vartamAna jIvana ke liye anupayogI mAnate haiM aura use sAmAjika hita meM bAdhaka mAnate haiM; kyoki unake anusAra zAMtarasa kI pramukhatA jIvana ko nirAzA kI ora le jAtI hai aura abhivyakti ko akarmaNya banA detI hai, unakI isa mAnyatA kA yuktipurassarapUrvaka khaNDana kiyA hai| "sAhitya, vyutpatti aura paribhASA" lekhaka-zrI ravIndra kumAra jaina, ema.e. pI.eca.DI. / prastuta lekha meM lekhaka ne sAhitya zabda kI vyutpatti aura paribhASA kA bhAratIya, pAzcAtya evaM urdU bhASA ke vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se adhyayana karate hue sthApanA kI hai ki sAhitya antatogatvA sampUrNa mAnava jagata ko usakI vividhatAoM meM dekhate hue bhI use eka maitrIpUrNa sahaastitva ke sUtra meM Abaddha karanA cAhatA hai| lekhaka ke isa vicAra me ki sAhitya mUlataH jIvana niSThA ke prakAzanArtha honA cAhie amahamata honA kaThina hai| "phAgu kAvya kI nabopalabdha kRtiyA~" lekhaka-DA0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla ema.e. pI.eca.DI. / rAsa, beli prAdi kI bhA~ti hI phAgu bhI prAcIna sAhitya kA eka kAvya rUpa rahA hai / prastuta lekha meM lekhaka ne apane zodha saMdarbha meM upalabdha chaha navIna phAgu kAvyoM kA vivaraNa prastuta kara prApta phAgu kAvyoM kI saMkhyA meM vRddhi kI hai| "jaina darzana meM arthAdhigama cintana" lekhaka-zrI darabArIlAla jo kotthiyaa| jainadarzana meM artha ke adhigama kA sAdhana pramANa aura naya ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai jabaki jenetara darzanoM

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( da ) meM kevala pramANa ko / vidvAn lekhaka ne yukti purassarapUrvaka zrAgama pramANoM ke sAtha jaina darzana kA pakSa siddha kiyA hai / " darzana aura vijJAna meM zrAtmA" lekhaka - zrI udaya nAgaurI, bI.e. siddhAMta / zrAtmA hai yA nahIM, yaha prazna bahuta prAcIna kAla se UhApoha kA viSaya banA huA hai / prastuta lekha meM paurvAtya aura pAzcAtya dArzanikoM kA zrAtmA ke sambandha meM jo vicAra hai unako ekatra kara anta vijJAna kA isa sambandha meM kyA abhimata hai yaha batAyA hai / lekha kAphI adhyayana aura manana pazcAt likhA gayA hai| yaha lekha ke anta meM sahAyaka graMthoM kI dI gayI sUcI se hI prakaTa hai / " dRSTikoNoM kA dRSTikoNa" lekhaka-zrI kanhaiyAlAla mizra 'prabhAkara' / lekhaka hindI saMsAra ke jAne mAne haiM / viSaya ko prakaTa karane kI unakI apanI eka viziSTa ho zailI hai / prastuta lekha meM bhI unhoMne apanI usa hI viziSTa zailI meM bar3e hI rocaka DhaMga se anekAnta kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| "hama apanI rAya para dRr3ha raheM, para dUsare kI rAya para apanI rAya na car3hAveM, use nagaNya na maaneN| isase matabheda ke Age eka dIvAra khiMca jAtI hai aura krodha, hiMsA, pratihisA zraura yuddha nahIM ho paate| yaha bhI eka dRSTikoNa hI hai / 'dRSTikoNoM kA dRSTikoNa' bhArata ke jJAnakoSa ko bhagavAn mahAvIra kA premopahAra hai / " yaha hai lekha kA niSkarSa zrora gRha, deza aura vizvazAMti vA zramogha upAya / mAMga nareza mArasiha kI sallekhanA " lekhaka- paM. ke. bhujabalI shaastrii| gaMganareza mArrAsaha ne I0 san 974 meM prAcArya zrajita sena ke pAdamUla meM sallekhanA dvArA zarIra tyAga kiyA thA / gaMga nareza ke pratApa kA varNana zravaNabelagola ke lekha saM. 38 aura 56 meM hai / usa hI vRttAnta ko lekhaka ne apanI bhASA meM kathopakathana zailI meM likhA hai / "bhAratIya jIvana mahAnada ke do kinAre" lekhaka- sva0 zrI satyadeva vidyAlaMkAra | zAyada hI hindI kA koI aisA pAThaka ho jo zrI satyadeva jI ke nAma se paricita na ho| ve kaI dainika patroM ke saphala sampAdaka rahe the| prastuta lekha unhIM kI yazasvI lekhanI se udbhuta hai / " zramaNa saMskRti kA mUla AdhAra zrama hai jisake dvArA Atma vikAsa meM saMlagna vyakti aNuvratoM aura mahAvratoM kA pAlana karate hue bhagavAn pada kI prApti kara sakatA hai / '' apane zrama ke anusAra hara vyakti ko usakA pariNAma bhoganA hI hogA . "hara vyakti kI zrAtma sAdhanA usake apane zrama para nirbhara hai / vaha usake liye kisI dUsare ko dAna dakSiNA dekara kamIzana ejeNTa athavA ThekedAra nahIM banA sktaa| yaha donoM saMskRtiyoM (zramaNa aura vaidika) meM mUlabhUta antara hai / ... jaina dharma kA vartamAna rUpa mAnava jIvana meM yugoM taka kiye gaye sAMskRtika prayogoM kA sAra athavA nicor3a hai Adi / " batAte hue unhoMne parAmarza diyA hai ki jaina dharma ke mUla tattvoM kI vyAkhyA isa rUpa meM zravazya hI kI jAnI cAhie ki ve vartamAna kAlIna rASTrIya aura antarrASTrIya samasyAoM kA sarvasammata hala upasthita kara ske| anta meM unhone cetAvanI dI hai ki vyAvahArika rUpa meM jainadharma kI kSamatA asIma hai| durbhAgya yaha hai ki jaina dharma ke abhimAnI logoM meM hI vizvAsa, zraddhA tathA niSThA kI kamI usakI kSamatA ke liye ghAtaka siddha

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ho raho hai / bhAratIya jovana mahAnada ke donoM kinAroM ko puSTa karane ke bajAya hana unako kamajora karane meM lage haiM / isa vastusthiti ko jitanI jaldI samajhA jAvegA, utanA hI hamArA kalyANa sunizcita aura surakSita hai| prAzA hai samAja ke netA, vidvAn aura dharma ke ThekedAra svargIya prAtmA kI isa cetAvanI ko sunege| "apabhraMza sAhitya aura maNidhArI zrI jinacandra sUri kRta vyavasthA zikSA kulkm',|" lekhaka-DA0 hIrAlAla mAhezvarI, ema.e. po.eca DI. ela.ela.bI. Di-phila, prAdhyApaka rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya / vyavasthA zikSA kunakam' maNidhArI zrI jinacandra sUri kI apabhraMza bhASA kI upadeza pradhAna muktaka racanA hai| racanAkAla vikrama ko terahavIM zatAbdI hai / imI racanA kA vavecana lekha kA viSaya hai| lekha parizrama se likhA gayA hai| 'saMskRta ke jaina saMdeza kAvya" lekhaka - zrI gopIlAla amara, ema.e. sAhityaratna / jaina saMdeza kAvyoM kI itara saMdeza kAvyoM se vizeSatA batAte hue lekhaka ne pArvAbhyudaya, nemidUta, jaina meghadUta, zIladUna, pavanadUta, cetodUta, indudUta, meghadUta samasyA lemva ina aATha ra deza kAvyoM kA vistAra se varNana batAte hue indudUta, candradUta, candradUta, manodUta aura mayUradUta ina pAMca sandeza kAvyoM kA kevala nAma mAtra hI ullekha kiyA hai| jaina mandeza kAvyoM kA paricaya prastuta karanA lemvaka kA uddezya rahA hai| __ "vAgbhaTAlaMkAra : eka parizIlana" lekhaka-zrI amRtalAla shaastrii| saMskRta alaMkAra anyoM meM vAgbhaTAlaMkAra kA apanA eka vizeSa sthAna hai / yadyapi prApta alaGkAra granthoM meM yaha sabase choTA hai kintu alaGkAra sambandhI sampUrNa viSayo kI jAnakArI prastuta grantha se ho jAtI hai / anya kA racanA kAna vikrama ko 12vIM zatAbdI hai / lekhaka ne isa lekha meM ukta graMya kA parizIlana kiyA hai| 'siddhamena kA abhedavAda aura digambara paramparA" lekhaka-siddhAMtAcArya paM0 kailAza candra jo shaastrii| kevI ke jJAnopayoga ko lekara jainAcAryoM meM matabheda hai| eka mata ke anusAra darzanopayoga pUrvaka hI jJAnopayoga hotA hai| dUsare mata ke anusAra donoM upayoga yugapat hote hai| tosare mana ke anusAra jJAna aura darzana meM koI bheda hI nahIM hai| yaha tIsarA mata hai sanmati tarka ke kartA prAcArya siddhamena kaa| lakhaka ne jo isa viSaya ke adhikArI vidvAn haiM siddhamena kI una tamAma yuktiyoM kA jo ki unhone prathama dono matoM ke khaNDana meM dI hai, digdarzana karAte hue dvitIya mata ke sAtha usakA samanvaya kiyA hai aura batalAyA hai ki dvitIya mata meM nizcaya dRSTi me kevalI ke jJAna aura darzana abhinna hai jabaki siddhasena kI tAkika dRSTi meM abhinna hai| kevala dRSTikoNa kA hI antara ina donoM meM hai| isIliye siddhasena ke abhedavAda kA dvitIya mata ke anuyAyiyoM ko paramparA meM prabala virodha nahIM milatA, apitu prakArAntara se samarthana hI milatA hai / kahanA nahIM hogA ki lekhaka ne isa sambandha meM nayA dRSTikoNa vidvAnoM ke samakSa upasthita kiyA hai jo vicAraNIya aura mananIya hai| "hindI jaina bhakta kaviyoM kI madhura bhAvanA" lekhaka-zrI raMjana sUri deva, paTanA / lekhaka ne udAharaNapUrvaka batAyA hai ki jaina kaviyoM ne dAmpatya rati ko bhautika dharAtala para

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nahIM utArA kyoMki jaina kavi gRhastha hote hue bhI prAcaraNa meM sAdhu hI ke samAna hote the| ataH jo kucha unhoMne kahA vaha prAdhyAtmika stara para hI khaa| unhoMne apanI kavitA ko vilAsitA ke stara se pare hI rakhA / unako dRSTi meM vilAsitA yA madhura bhAvanA hI azAMti kA kAraNa hai| phira bhI jaina kavi madhura bhAvanA se sarvathA achUte rahe aisA bhI nahIM kahA jA sktaa| 'nisIhiyA yA naziyAM" lekhaka-- zrI hIrAlAlajI siddhAnta zAstrI, byAvara / bhArata meM bahuta se nagara evaM grAma aise haiM jinake bAhara jaina maMdira bane hue haiM jo naziyAM kahalAte haiM / ina maMdiroM meM paryApta aisA sthAna hotA hai jahAM sAdhu santa Adi raha skeN| yaha naziyAM zabda kaise banA, imakA pUrva rUpa kyA thA Adi para vicAra karanA hI isa lekha kA viSaya hai| lekhaka ne kaI pramANoM aura yuktiyoM ke AdhAra para yaha siddha kiyA hai ki naziyAM nisihiyAM kA hI bigar3A huvA rUpa hai| "OM jaya jaya jaya, nissahI nissahI nissahI, namo'stu namo'stu namo'stu" pATha kA jo artha vartamAna meM prAyaH pracalita hai lekhaka ne usase bhI apanA virodha prakaTa kiyA hai aura unhoMne sayuktika batalAyA hai ki yaha pATha azuddha hai| zuddha pATha 'niSIdhikArI namo'stu', athavA 'Namotthu misIhiyAe" honA cAhiye / lekhaka kI yuktiyAM vidvAnoM ke liye vittAraNIya haiN| caturtha khaNDa "Jainism as I understand." lekhaka-zrI narendrasiMha siNghii| prastuta lekha meM lekhaka ne jaina dharma meM Izvara, jaina sAdhu aura gRhasthoM kA prAcAra, dharma evaM vibhinna dezoM meM rahane vAle jainoM ko ekatA meM bAMdhane vAle sAdhanoM Adi kI ati saMkSipta jAnakArI do hai jisase jainadharma ke moTe 2 siddhAMtoM kA jJAna pAThaka prApta kara sakatA hai| "Jainism in the eye of Swami Vivekanand." lekhaka-zrI samareza baMdopAdhyAya, ema. e. / vartamAna yuga ke prasiddha vedAntI santa svAmI vivekAnanda kA jainadharma ke sambandha meM kyA vicAra thA, yaha isa lekha ke par3hane se jJAta hotA hai| yadyapi jena vedoM ko pramANa aura IzvarakRta nahIM mAnate tathApi ve hindU haiM aimI svAmIjI kI mAnyatA thii| "Ahimsa in Indian Thought." lekhaka-DA0 sukumAra sena / ahiMsA siddhAMta bhAratIya dharmoM kA prANa hai| prAyaH sabhI dharmoM ne isa para jora diyA hai| itanA hone para bhI jaina, bauddha aura hindU ina tIna pramukha dharmoM ke ahisA sambandhI dRSTikoNa meM maulika antara hai| isa antara ko saMkSepa meM spaSTa karanA hI isa lekha kA uddezya hai jisameM lekhaka saphala huA hai| "Place of Jain Philosophy in Indian Thought." lekhaka-mahAmahopAdhyAya DA0 umeza mizrA / sarvocca satya arthAt mokSa kI prApti ke upAya ko khoja karanA prAyaH saba hI bhAratIya dharmoM kA mUla uddezya rahA hai| vibhinna RSi mahaSiyoM ne vibhinna upAyoM kI khoja kI hai athavA yoM kaheM ki uddezya to sabakA eka hai kintu usakI prApti ke mArga sabake bhinna bhinna haiN| jainoM kA bhI apanA eka mArga hai| bhAratIya darzanoM meM jaina dharma kI sthiti aura

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mahattva ko spaSTa karanA hI lekha kA viSaya hai / lekha niSpakSa dRSTi se likhA gayA hai aura paThanIya hai| 'The Bold Jaina Conception of the Nature of Reality" ke lekhaka DA. bhaktI bhaTTAcArya ema.e. pI. eca. DI. haiM / satya kA sthApana anubhavoM kI bhitti para hotA hai| koI bhI bAta kevala isaliye satya nahIM hai ki zAstroM meM aisA likhA hai athavA paramparA se aisA calA pA rahA hai apitu, anubhava se bhI vaha bAta satya bhAsita honI cAhiye aura vaha anubhava tarka kI kasauTI para kharA utaranA cAhiye / jaina darzana kI isa vizeSatA para prakAza DAlate hue padArtha aneka dharmAtmaka hai. vaha utpAda, vyaya aura ubhayAtmaka hai, paraspara tIna aura chaha kA virodha rakhane pAle dharma bhI eka hI padArtha meM eka hI samaya vibhinna haSTi koNoM se raha sakate haiM, jaina darzana ke isa anekAnta vAda kA pratipAdana lekhaka ne bar3e hI sundara aura rucipUrNa DhaMga se isa lekha meM kiyA hai| jena darzana ke isa vAda jo ki kevala usakI hI dharohara hai, ko samajhAne meM lekha pUrNataH sakSama hai| "The Basic Idea of God" lekhaka- DA. harIza bhaTTAcArya, ema. e. bI. ela., pI. eca. DI. / vizva ke jitane bhI vartamAna aura bhUtakAlika dharma haiM unakI Izvara saMbaMdhI mAnyatA alaga alaga haiN| koI eka Izvara mAnatA hai koI do aura koI isase bhI adhika, koI Izvara ko sRSTi kartA batAtA hai to koI isakA khaNDana karatA hai| kintu vaha sarvazaktimAna hai, pUrNa jJAnI hai, sampUrNa rUpa se sukhI hai aura nirbhaya hai Izvara ke isa svarUpa para saba eka mata haiM / lekhaka ne Izvara saMbaMdhI vibhinna mAnyatAnoM kA digdarzana karAte hae batAyA hai ki kisa prakAra jaina Izvara ke sarvamAnya svarUpa se sahamata hote hue bhI unase isa viSaya meM asahamata haiM ki vaha eka hai, sRSTi kartA hai aura sukha dukha kA dene vAlA hai| jaina pratyeka prAtmA meM Izvara hone kI zakti mAnatA hai| cAra ghAtiyA karmoM ke naSTa hone para usameM ve cAroM zaktiyA A jAtI haiM jo Izvaratva ke prAvazyaka guNa haiM / ise hI jainI ananta catuSTaya kI prApti kahate haiM / 'Omniscience, a Fiction or a Fact'' lekhaka-prophesara jI. Ara. jaina / jaina mAnyatAoM ke anusAra pradeza kI avgaahn| zakti aura vaijJAnika prAdamsa aura eDigTana kI mAnyatAoM ko eka rUpatA, padArtha aura usakI zakti ke sambandha meM AIsTIna ke siddhAnta ke sAtha jainoM ke batAe hue padArtha ke sthUlatva sUkSmatva prAdi guNoM ke sAtha samatA, pudgala kI pUrayanti aura gAlayanti kriyA kA vartamAna padArtha vijJAna ke sAtha samatva batAte hue batAyA hai ki eTama bama pudgala kI gAlayanti kriyA kA aura hAIDrojana bama pUrayanti kriyA kA udAharaNa hai| paramAraNa kI vaidya tika zakti ke sambaMdha meM bhI jainiyoM ko zAna thaa| jainiyoM ke paramANu meM mAne hae snigdhatva aura rUjhatva guNa vartamAna meM vaijJAnikoM dvArA vidya ta meM mAnI huI RNa aura dhana zaktiyA~ hI haiN| vizva kI sthiti, usakI parimiti ke sambandha meM jaina mAnyatA aura vartamAna meM vaijJAnika mAnyatA kI parivartanazIlatA batAte hue prasiddha vaijJAnika dIpaka vasu ke mata kA ullekha kiyA hai jisake anusAra vijJAna vizva kI sthiti, nirmANa prAdi ke sambandha meM usa hI pariNAma para pahuMcegA jisa para ki jaina pahuMce the| jenoM ke dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya ke sAtha vaijJAnikoM ke Ighara aura phIlDa kI tulanA karate hue tarkAnusAra jaina

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mAnyatA kA maNDana kiyA hai| isa prakAra jainoM ko chaha mAnyatAmoM kA vaijJAnika siddhAntoM ke sAtha mela baiThAte hue lekhaka ne pAThakoM se yaha nirNaya mAMgA hai ki prAja ke vaijJAnika asaMkhya dhanarAzi kharca karake evaM dina rAta parizrama karake jina siddhAntoM kA nirmANa kara rahe haiM ve jaina tIrthaMkaroM ne pahale hI prAja se hajAroM varSa pUrva sthApita kara diye the| aimI avasthA meM ve kevalajJAnI the yA nahIM athavA jainoM kA kevalajJAna kevala eka DhakosalA hI hai ? lekhaka ne apane lekha kI svastha pAlocanA bhI AmaMtrita kI hai / Aja vAstava meM aise hI lekhoM kI AvazyakatA hai| kintu kheda hai ki idhara jainoM kA dhyAna hI nahIM hai| jaina prati varSa lAkhoM rupayA meloM-TheloM meM kharca karate haiM kintu abhI taka bhI kisI dhanI mAnI kA dhyAna isa ora nahIM gayA ki eka aisI vaijJAnika prayogazAlA kI sthApanA kI jAya jahA~ prayogoM dvArA jaina mAnyatAoM ko kasA jAve aura vartamAna vaijJAnika anusaMdhAnoM ke sAtha unake sAmya aura vaiSamya kA patA lagAyA jaave| yadi hameM vizva meM jainadharma kA pracAra karanA hai aura duniyA ko yaha batA denA hai ki jaina dharma pUrNa rUpa se eka vaijJAnika dharma hai to hameM eka na eka dina aisA karanA hI hogaa| yaha kArya jitanA zIghra ho sake utanA hI hitakara hai| ___ "Essentials of Jaina Metaphysics and Epistemology." lekhakazrI harimohana bhaTTAcArya, ema. e. (darzana evaM sNskRt)| padArtha vijJAna aura adhyAtma vijJAna kA vAstavika jJAna prApta karane ke liye kevala syAvAda athavA anekAnta hI sakSama hai yaha lekhaka ne bar3e hI tArkika DhaMga se siddha kiyA hai| jaisA ki lekhaka ne svayaM hI kahA hai aura hama bhI usase sahamata haiM lekhaka kA isa viSaya ke adhyayana aura manana meM paryApta zakti aura samaya vyaya humA hai| "The Jaina Architecture-Ancient and Mediaeval." lekhaka-DA. jyoti prasAda jaina, ema.e., ela.ela.bI., pii-ec.ddii.| prAcya aura madhyakAlIna jaina zilpakalA, stUpa, guphA aura mandira Adi kA ati saMkSipta paricaya dete hue lekhaka ne batAyA hai ki jainoM ne kevala nirmANa hI nahIM kiyA apitu isa viSaya ke graMtha bhI likhe / arthAt zilpakalA ke vyAvahArika aura bhautika donoM hI pakSoM ko jainoM ne samRddha kiyA yaha digdarzana karAnA ho lekha kA uddezya hai| Religious Syncretism as Revealed in the Jaina Sculpture Art of the Eastern India." lekhaka-zrI DI. ke. cakravartI em.e.| pUrvIya bhArata kI jena mUrtikalA ke udAharaNa dekara lekhaka ne siddha kiyA hai ki prAcIna samaya meM bhArata meM dhAmika sahiSNutA apane caramotkarSa para thI aura vibhinna sampradAyoM kI mAnyatAmoM kA prabhAva jaina mUrti kalA para bhI par3A hai / lekha citanapUrNa hai aura apane viSaya para paryApta prakAza DAlatA hai| lekhaka svayaM pazcima baMgAla sarakAra ke adhIna Arkiyolojikala vibhAga ke adhyakSa haiM ataH isa viSaya para unake niSkarSa eka adhikRta vyakti ke niSkarSa haiN| 'Mathura-The Centre of Jaina Art." lekhaka- zrI mihira mohana mukho. pAdhyAya / mathurA se prApta jainakalA avazeSoM kA paricaya dete hue lekhaka ne batAyA hai ki bauddhoM

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( bha ) aura hinduoM ke samAna hI jainoM kI bhI kalA ke kSetra meM eka bahuta bar3I dena hai aura jaina kalA apanI eka alaga vizeSatA rakhatI hai| * The Early Phase of Jaina Iconography.' lekhaka- zrI prAra. sI. zarmA / lekhaka sTeTa myUjiyama, lakhanaU ke kyUreTara haiN| varAhamihara dvArA pratipAdita jaina mUrtiyoM kI vizeSatA kA varNana karate hue lekhaka ne aitihAsika dRSTi se jaina mUrtipUjA kA prAvirbhAva kAla khojane kA prayatna kiyA hai| vartamAna meM prApta avazeSoM ke anusAra yadi lohAnIpura paTanA se prApta nagna pratimA ke bhAga ko jaina sanyAsI kI pratimA mAnI jAve to yaha kAna IsA pUrva dvitIya tRtIya zatAbdI mAnA jA sakatA hai kintu isakA kramika itihAsa IsA kI prathama zatAbdI se cAlU hotA hai / DA0 smitha ke mata kA ullekha karate hue lekhaka ne batAyA hai ki mathurA kA devanirmita stUpa bhArata ke jJAta bhavanoM meM prAcInatama hai| jaina mUrtikalA ke vikAsa kA adhyayana karane vAloM ke liye lekha kI upAdeyatA svIkArya hai / * The Iconography of Sacciya Devi. " lekhaka M. A. Dhaky / sacciyA devI zrosavAla jaino kI gRha devatA hai / ve pratyeka zubha kArya ke prArambha meM usakI pUjA karate haiN| lekhaka ke matAnusAra ukta devI kI pUjA brAhmaNa bhI karate haiM / zrApane hemAcArya ke ziSya ratna prabhusUri ke kathAnaka para vistAra se dRSTikSepa karate hue siddha karane kA prayatna kiyA hai ki zrosiyA, jahA~ se ki zrosavAloM kA nikAsa huA hai, meM sthita saciyA devI kI mUrti kA pUrvarUpa parivartita kiyA huA hai| lekhaka ne kathAnaka ke atirikta apane mata ke pratipAdana meM zilAlekha evaM anya tarka bhI prastuta kiye haiM / lekha gaveSaNApUrNa hai kintu usameM prastuta tarka vicAraNIya haiM / "A Jaina Cameo at Chittoregarh." lekhaka- zrI prAdRzabanarjI / cittor3agar3ha apane yahA~ samaya samaya para hue yuddhoM aura jauhara ke liye hI prasiddha nahIM hai apitu yaha vibhina sampradAyoM kA saMgama sthala bhI rahA hai| yahAM para sthita zeva vaiSNava, jaina, saura zraura boddha maMdira isake pramANa haiM / lekha meM 'zRGgAra ca~varI" nAmaka jaina mandira kI kalA aura nirmANa zailI kA jisameM aba pratimA nahIM hai kintu jo kalA kI dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa hai aura jisakA nirmANa mahArANA kumbhA ke samaya meM pandrahavIM zatAbdI meM huA thA, vistRta varNana hai / "An Introduction to the Iconography of Padmawati, The Jain Sasandevata " lekhaka - zrI e. ke. bhaTTAcArya, ema. e. pI. Ara. esa. e. ema. e. ( laNDana ) / padmAvatI prAraMbha meM yadyapi 23 veM tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha se saMbaMdhita zAsana devatA rahI hai kintu kAlAntara meM kisa prakAra vaha eka viSahArI evaM mAragA uccATana zrAdi kAryoM ke lie svatantra devatA ke rUpa meM pUjI jAne lagI isakA kramika itihAsa tathA usakA prAcIna nAga pUjA evaM hindU devI sarasvatI, lakSmI evaM bauddha devI tArA se usakA saMbaMdha zrAdi viSayoM para mahatva pUrNa prakAza isa lekha meM DAlA gayA hai| lekha meM sthApita tathya tarkoM aura pramANoM kI bhitI para zrAdhArita hai aura isa viSaya meM ruci rakhane vAle vidvAnoM ke liye vaha mahatvapUrNa sAmagrI prastuta karatA hai /

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"Jain Art of Mathura." lekhaka-DA. vI. esa. agravAla / mathurA jaina kalA kA kendra rahA hai prastuta lekha mathurA meM prApta jaina kalA ke bhagnAvazeSoM para eka saMkSipta paricaya prastuta karatA hai| "The Image of Heaven in the Ceiling of the Adinath Temple at Ranakpur," lekhaka-DA0 Klans Fisher, Bonn. prastuta lekhameM bhArata prasiddha rANakapura ke prAdinAya jaina maMdira ko vAstukanA, khudAI kanA Adi para kalA kI dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa prakAza DAlA gayA hai / leva kA mahatva isa kAraNa bhI hai ki vaha eka videzI vidvAna dvArA likhA gayA hai| "Gandhawal A Rare Jaina Site of Malva." lekhaka-zrI ema.pI. guptA / madhya pradeza ke devAsa jile kI tahasIla sonakacha meM gaMdhAvala eka choTA sA gAMva hai jahAM bahumUlya mUtikalAkA svajAnA hai kintu aba taka yaha gAva sarakAra aura vidvAn donoM kI ora se prAyaH upekSita rahA hai| yahA~ prApta mUrtiyAM kalA kI dRSTi se gvAliyara ke anya sthAnoM meM prApya vIM 10 vIM zatAbdI kI mUtiyoM se sAmya rakhatI haiN| prastuta lekha meM vahA~ se prApta katipaya mUrtiyoM kI kalA dRSTi se vivecanA karate hue macitra jhAMkI prastuta kI gaI hai / 'Temples of Orissa and Bundelkhand." lekhaka-padmabhUSaNa zrI TI. ena. rAmacandrana / lekha meM jaisA ki zIrSaka se prakaTa hai ur3IsA aura bundelakhaNDa ke koNArka aura khajurAhoM ke maMdiroM kI kalA kI samIkSA karate hue nAgara zailI ke kramika vikAsa para vicAra kiyA gayA hai| _ "Nayanar Temple." lekhaka-zrI jIvabaMdhu zrIpAla / jaisA ki lekhaka ne svayaM kahA hai, prasiddha graMtha thira kurala ke lekhaka kI smRti meM madrAsa. mAilApura meM sthita eka prAcIna jaina maMdira kA itihAsa prastuta lekha meM citrita kiyA gayA hai / lekha khojapUrNa hai| "Some Thoughts on Jain Wall Paintings." -1.. Goofsaa ema0 e0 DI0 esa0 sI0 / prastuta legya meM sittanavAsana ke jaina maMdira, alaurA kI guphAoM, tarumalaI ke jaina maMdira aura tIrU paruTTI karam ke jaina maMdira ke bhitti citroM kA kalA dRSTi se mUlAGkana karate hue unakI dIrghakAla taka sthiti raha sake isake lie vaijJAnika upAyoM para vicAra prastuta kiyA gayA hai| kalAtmaka citroM ko dIrghakAla taka ThIka avasthA meM rakhane kI eka vikaTa samasyA hai jisa para prAdhunika vaijJAnika vicAra kara rahe haiM aura iTalI Adi meM etabaMdhI prayoga hue haiM / lekhaka kI dRSTi meM isake liye Stripping and mounting kI vidhi zreSTha hai / anya vaijJAnikoM ko isa para vicAra karanA cAhiye aura aisI vidhi khojane kA prayatna karanA cAhiye jisase kalA kI aisI amUlya nidhiyAM kAla ke thapeDo se surakSita raha skeN| "Jain Mythology and Rituals.'' lelaka-pro0 cintAharaNa cakravartI ema. e. kAvyatIrtha / jaina rAmAyaNa aura hindU rAmAyaNa meM rAkSasoM vAnaroM Adi ke saMbaMdha meM dRSTibheda,

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rakSAbaMdhana aura dIvAlI ke prasiddha tyauhAroM kI utpatti ke sambandha meM hindU aura jaina kapAnakoM meM bheda, jainoM ke dainika SaDAvazyaka aura hinduoM ke pAMca mahAyajJa ko samAnatA mAdi para saMkSipta carcA kI gaI hai| ___ "The Sociological Approach of the Jaip Ritualistic study......" lekhaka-zrI ela0 ke0 bhAratIya, ema0 e0| "purANa aura dhArmika sAhitya jahAM unako mAnane vAlI jAti vizeSa meM ekatva sthApita karate haiM vahAM ve anya jAtiyoM ke sAtha jo usa sAhitya ko nahIM mAnate anaikya bhI phailAte haiM," yaha batAte hue lekhaka ne jainoM kI maMtra vidyA, mUrti pUjA, yajJopavIta, chaTIpUjA, vaivAhika saMskAra, Izvara saMbaMdhI mAnyatA, prAdi dhArmika aura sAmAjika rItirivAjoM kA varNana kiyA hai aura Age batAyA hai ki ina sabase bhI mahatvapUrNa bAta jainoM kI yaha hai ki ve cAritra para sarvAdhika bala dete haiN| lekhaka ke vicAra se pAja jo jaina kevala vyApArika samAja ke rUpa meM hI raha gaye hai usakA bhI eka kAraNa yaha hai ki jaina apanI dharma pustakoM meM batAye hue prAcAra vicAra ko kevala vyApAra karate hue hI surakSita rakha sakate haiM yoddhA bana kara nhiiN| anta meM yaha niSkarSa lekhaka kA hai ki ahisA aura samatva kI nirmANa zakti taba taka phalIphUta nahIM ho sakatI jaba taka ki eka sampradAya vizeSa kI sImA meM vaha kaMda hai kyoMki aisI sthiti meM mAnava mAtra usakA pAlana nahIM kara sktaa| lekhaka ke kucha vicAroM se kisI kA virodha ho sakatA hai kintu usane jo niSkarSa nikAlA hai vaha dhyAna dene yogya hai| "Jaina Tradition Regarding Yasovarman's Lineage." lekhaka-zrI DI0 ema0 sarakAra / 728 se 753 IsvI taka kannauja para rAjya karane vAle pratApI rAjA yazo-varmana ke vaMza ke sambandha meM itihAsakAroM meM matabheda calA rahA hai| lekhaka ne jaina aura jainenara pramANoM se siddha kiyA hai ki vaha maurya samrATa candragupta kA baMzaja thA / lekha aitihAsika mahattva kA hai| 'Simapati plates of Chahaman Prince Jayatsiha-Smvt. 1238" lekhaka-zrI ke0 vI0 saundra rAjan, ema0 e0 supa0-pAkimolojIkala sarve Apha iNDiyA / rAjasthAna ke pAlI jile ke nAdola grAma se lekhaka ko prApta do tAmra patroM kA vivaraNa prastuta lekha meM hai| tAmrapatra samvat 1238 kI vaizAkha 7, zanivAra kA hai jo 25 aprela san 1181 ke samakakSa hai / tAmrapatra analapurA ke pArzvanAtha maMdira ko 4 sthAnIya vyaktiyoM dvArA diye gaye dAna se sambandhita hai / lekha ke anta meM donoM tAmra patroM kI romana lipi meM nakala bhI hai| lekha se sImApaTI grAma aura cauhAna (cahamAna) rAjA jayasiMha ke sambandha meM mahatvapUrNa aiti. hAsika jAnakArI prApta hotI hai / Jainism in Bengal.' lekhikA-zrImatI vandanA sarasvatI, ema0 e0 / zrI rAmakRSNa gopAla bhaNDArakara. prasiddha aitihAsika vidvAna kA mata hai ki baMgAla pahale pArya kSetra meM nahIM thA kintu vaha jainoM ke antima tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra aura anya jaina vidvAnoM aura sAdhuoM dvArA apane dharma ke pracArArtha vahAM vihAra karane ke phalasvarUpa bAda meM prArya kSetra meM sammilita kiyA gayA thA / vidvAna lekhikA ne aitihAsika aura paurANika pramANoM ke AdhAra para bhaNDArakara ke isa mata ko sahI pramANita kiyA hai / lekha paThanIya hai|

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"Cultural Heritage of Bengal in Relation to Jainism." lekhakaDA0 esa0 sI0 mukarjI / jainadharma se sambandhita jo virAsata baMgAla ko milI hai usakI mahatvapUrNa jAnakArI pradAna karAmA hI isa lekha kA uddezya hai jisameM lekhaka paryApta sImA taka saphala huprA hai / "Social and Cultural Glimpses from the Kuvalayamala." lekhakapro0 DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye / kuvanayamAlA zrI udyotana sUrI kI prAkRta bhASA kI eka racanA hai| isa racanA kA mahatva isa kAraNa se bar3ha jAtA hai ki isake adhyayana se tatkAlIna sAmAjika aura sAMskRtika gatividhiyoM, rIti rivAjoM prAdi kA varNana milatA hai / isake adhyayana se kaI rocaka bAtoM kA patA calatA hai| udAharaNataH usa samaya soppArya nAmaka nagara meM vyApAriyoM kA eka klaba thA jahAM videzI vyApArI apanI yAtrA ke anubhava va vRttAnta dUsare vyApAriyoM kI sunAte the bhaura ve isa prakAra kI jAnakArI bhI dUsaroM ko pradAna karate the ki vibhinna sthAnoM para kyA kyA vastueM prApya haiM aura kauna vastu kisa jagaha adhika mUlya para becI jA sakatI hai jaise :- palAsa ke phUloM kI evaja svaraNa dvIpa se sonA mila sakatA thaa| nIma kI pattiyAM beca kara ratna dvIpa se ratna prApta kiye jA sakate the| prAdi / ___ "Jainism in Kongunadu." lekhaka-zrI vI0 ena0 zrInivAsa ema0e0, bI0 e0 (mAnarsa) / isa meM dakSiNa ke koMgUnADU pradeza se saMbaMdhita jaina itihAsa kI mahatvapUrNa sAmagrI kI carcA karate hue yaha siddha kiyA gayA hai ki koMgUnADU jo ki vartamAna koyambaTUra jile kA hI eka bhAga hai IsvI san se tIna zatAbdI pUrva bhI jaina dharma kA eka mahatvapUrNa kendra sthala thaa| itihAsa ke vidvAnoM ke liye lekha mahatvapUrNa jAnakArI pradAna karatA hai| 'A Note on Jainism in Orissa." lekhaka-zrI K.S. Behira / lekhaka utkala yUnivarsiTI ke itihAsa vibhAga kI snAtakottara va kSAtroM ke vyAkhyAtA haiM ataH unake niSkarSa eka adhikRta vyakti ke niSkarSa haiN| lekhaka ke matAnusAra ur3IsA meM jaina dharma kA astitva bhagavAna mahAvIra se bhI pahale kamase kama IsA se pATha zatAbdI pUrva taka thA aura vahAM isa dharma ko kaI bAra utthAna aura patana kA sAmanA karanA par3A tathA jaina dharma kI ur3IsA ko dharma, kalA, bhavana nirmANa, bhASA aura sAhitya ke kSetra meM bar3I mahatvapUrNa dena hai| __"The Electro Magnetic Field in Man." lekhaka-zrI jJAnacanda jaina, ema. e.| jaina siddhAnta ke anusAra pratyeka sAMsArika prANI ke bhautika zarIra ke atirikta tejasa aura kArmANa ye do zarIra aura hote haiM / kArmANa zarIra meM prAkarSaNa zakti hotI hai jo apane kAryoM se bhAvI jIvana ke liye pudgaloM kA AkarSaNa karatA rahatA hai aura tejasa zarIra kA kArya jIvana zakti pradAna karanA hai / lekha meM DA0 kAsavIvAla ke mata kI AlocanA karate hue vartamAna gaijJAnika AdhAra para jaina dharma ke isa siddhAnta kI puSTi kI hai / lekha gaijJAnika mahatva kA hai aura vaijJAnikoM ko zodha ke liye eka naI dizA pradAna karatA hai| aise lekhoM se patA calatA hai ki jainadharma ke siddhAnta kitane gaijJAnika haiN|

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"Growth and Development of Urban life in Rajasthan." lekhakaDA0 ke nAzacanda jaina, ema. e. pI. eca. DI. DI. liT / rAjasthAna meM nAgarika jIvana ke vikAsakrama kA adhyayana karate hue lekhaka ne batAyA hai ki rAjasthAna ke vibhinna nagaroM ke nAmakaraNa ke prAdhAra bhinna bhinna haiN| jaise cittaur3a, vizAlapura, ajamera Adi kA nAma una nagaroM kI sthApanA karane vAle rAjAoM ke nAma para hai| Amera zAkambharI prAdi nagara kisI devI athavA devatA ke maMdiroM ke cAroM ora basa gae aura unakA nAma karaNa usa devI athavA devatA ke nAma para hI hogayA / mANDavyapura (maNDora) aura vaziSThapura Adi grAma vahAM rahane vAle santoM ke nAma se haiM / kUcha nagara jAtiyoM ke nAma se bhI haiM-jase bhIlamAla, (bhIloM kA), nAgaura (nAgoM kA), takSakagaDha (takSakoM kA) Adi / kucha nagaroM ke prArambhika nAma apabhraMza me the kintu bAda meM vidvAnoM ne unheM saMskRta rUpa de diyA / yadyapi lekha kevala rAjasthAna ke nagaro ko dRSTi meM rakha kara hI likhA gayA hai kintu hamArA vizvAsa hai ki jo kAraNa lekhaka ne rAjasthAna ke grAmoM ke nAmakaraNa ke saMbaMdha meM ginAe haiM ve sAre bhArata ke nagaroM ke saMbaMdha meM pUrNataH lAgU hote haiN| "Salient Common Features between Jainism and Buddhism" lekhaka- DA0bI0 eca0 kaapddiyaa| zrI kApaDiyA saradAra vallabha bhAI vidyApITha meM saMskRta ke rIDara haiN| jaisA ki lekha ke zIrSaka se vidita hai jaina aura bauddha dharmoM ke siddhAnta aura prAcAra vicAra meM jo sAmya hai usakA savistAra paricaya isameM hai| "Gujarati Society and the Jainas." lekhaka-. DA0 ema. prAra. majUmadAra ema0 e0 pI. eca. DI., ema0 e0 ela0 ela0 bii0| yogya vyApArI, vittIya buddhi ke dhanI, mudrA vinimaya meM unakA netRtva, madhyakAla, lokakathAnoM meM vyApArI rAjA, videzI vyApAriyoM ke sAtha unakA vyavahAra, dhArmika sahiSNutA aura samAnatA, gujarAta meM mahAjanoM kA prabhAva, dhanI. garIba aura madhyama varga, unakA sAhitya aura saMgIta, gujarAta kI unnati meM jaina dharma kA yogadAna, Adi zIrSakoM ke antargata gujarAtI samAja kA adhyayana karate hue lekhaka ne batAyA ke majarAtI pradhAnataH prAthika dRSTikoNa vAle, vizAla hadaya vAle aura paDausiyoM meM melajola rakhane vAle hote haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki gujarAtI sabhyatA brAhmaNa, kSatriya athavA naizyoM ko sabhyatA na hokara bhAratIya sabhyatA hai aura bhAratIya hote hue bhI usameM vizvamaMtrI ke guraNa haiN| "Some Forms of the Obligatory Participle in Prakrit." lekhaka-zrI L. A. Schwrizschild, Australia / eka videzI vidvAn dvArA likhe gaye isa lekha meM prAkRta bhASA meM vidhivAcaka kRdanta zabdoM ke vikAsa para mahatvapUrNa zodha sAmagrI prastuta kI gaI hai jo stutya aura spRhaNIya hai| "Jaina Arungalam in Tamil Literature." lekhaka--zrI ke. jI. kRSNana, ema0 e0, supa. phAra IpIgrAphI UTakamANDa / madrAsa ke uttarI arkoTa jile ke vAndIvAsa tAluke ke siyAmaMgalam grAma ke sthambhezvara maMdira se uttara pazcima kI tarapha do phAga dUra eka zilAlekha hai / jainoM meM aruMgalAnvaya bhI eka anvaya hai / lekhaka kI kalpanA anusAra guNa

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sAgara ke ziSya amita sAgara jinhoMne tAmila bhASA ke do mahatvapUrNa graMthoM ko (yappa ruMgalam aura yappamaMgalakArike) racanA kI ve isI angaya ke the / lekhaka kI yuktiyAM anya gidvAnoM ke liye vicAraNIya haiN| "Jaina Philosophy of Nodabsolutism and Omniscience." lekhaka-prophesara rAmajIsiMha / lekhaka bhAgalapura yUnivarsiTI meM darzana vibhAga ke prophesara haiN| lekhaka ne bar3e hI vidvattApUrNa DhaMga se syAdvAda aura sarvazatA meM bheda batAte hue vedAntiyoM ke uccatara aura nimnatara jJAna se tulanA karate hue batAyA hai ki yaryApa bahuta sI bAtoM meM dono siddhAntoM meM sAmya hai kintu eka bahuta bar3A matabheda bhI hai / lekha bar3e parizrama se likhA gayA hai aura isa viSaya para jainadarzana aura vedAntadarzana ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana ke liye paryApta sAmagrI prastuta karatA hai| ___ "An Analysis of the Contents of the Kalkacharya Kathanak." lekhaka-dvA0 bI0 ena0 mukarjI / lekhaka ne kAlakAcArya kathAnaka kI aitihAsika dRSTi se vivecanA karate hue sthApanA kI hai ki usameM variNata loara iNDasa ke pazcimI. kinAre para zaka bastI kA astitva, usa prAnta para pAthiyansa kA adhikAra aura surASTra meM zakoM kI halacala to aitihAsika tathya mAne jA sakate hai kintu murASTra meM zakoM kI halacala se jainAcArya kAlaka kA koI sambandha thA yA nahIM yaha saMdigdha hai / vidvAnoM ko lekhaka kI isa sthApanA para gambhIratA se vicAranA caahiye| "The Conception of Dravyas in Jain Philosophy." lekhakaDA. kamalacaMda saugaannii| lekhaka udayapura yUnivarsiTI meM darzana viSaya ke vyAkhyAtA haiN| jaina darzana meM jo jovAdi 6 dravya mAne gaye haiM una para unhoMne jaina dRSTikoNa se gahana citana kara apane vicAra prastuta kiye hai| "The Nasal's Influence upon the Neighbouring Syllables." lekhakaDA0 esa. ena. ghopAla, vyAkhyAtA kalakattA yuunivrsittii| anunAsika varNa kA apane samIpastha varNa ke uccAraNa para kyA prabhAva par3atA hai isa para sodAharaNa vistAra se vicAra karate hue jekovI ke mata kI samIkSA kI gaI hai, jo tarkapUrNa hai| "The Spirit of Jaina Prayaschitta.' lekhaka-zrI Colette Caillat. perisa / isa lekha dvArA jenoM meM prAyazcita kI jo pravRtti hai aura usake pIche jo mUla bhAvanA hai usase yaha Thoka ho anumAnita kiyA gayA hai ki jana prArambha se hI apane doSoM kI ora dRSTipAta karake unako dUra karane ke liye aura AdhyAtmika unnati ke liye prayatnazIla rahe haiN| vAstava meM prAyazcita ke mana meM aparAdhI ko daNDa dene kI bhAvanA utanI nahIM hai jitanI ki apane aparAdha ko svIkAra kara bhaviSya meM use na duharAne kii| "On the Jaina School of Mathematics." lekhaka-zrI ela0 sI0 jaina / lekhaka gavarnameMTa kAleja sIhora meM gaNita vibhAga ke prophesara aura hair3a haiN| jana gariNata ke sambandha meM bar3e parizrama se likhA gayA yaha lekha bar3A hI mahattvapUrNa hai / pothAgorIya gaNita aura

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jaina gaNita ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana se yaha niSkarSa sahaja hI nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki jaina pIthAgorasa ke gaNita siddhAnta se paricita the athavA sambhava he pothAgorasa ne yaha jJAna jainoM se hI liyA ho| bhagavAna mahAvIra aura pothAgorasa. ke kAla meM bahuta kama antara hai| lekhaka ke anasAra yA to donoM samakAlIna the yA mahAvIra pIthAgorasa se kucha hI pahale hae the| kucha bhI ho lekha gariNata viSaya meM bar3e hI rocaka tathya upasthita karatA hai aura gaNita viSayaka anusaMdhitsuoM ke liye bar3e vAma kA hai| anta meM do zabda grantha kI chapAI prAdi ke bAre meM bhI kahanA hai| chapAI karate samaya kahIM kahIM kucha TAipa Ta jAne se kaI sthAnoM para ve akSara chapane meM nahIM Ae haiM / aMgrejI ke kucha lekhoM meM cinhita TAipa kI presa meM kamI ho jAne se kahIM kahIM ve TAipa hI nahIM lagAye jA sake haiM aura sAdhAraNa TAipa lagA kara hI vahA~ kAma calAyA gayA hai| vizeSakara 'The Nasal's Influence upon the Neighbouring syllables' meM aisA huA hai / kaI lekhoM kI TAipa kApiyoM meM spelling kI paryApta azuddhiyA~ thIM jinheM ThIka karane para bhI kucha azuddhiyAM raha hI gaI hai| prapha par3hane meM asAvadhAnI ke kAraNa bhI kucha azuddhiyA~ rahI haiN| samayAbhAva se aura grantha zIghra pAThakoM ke hAtha pahuMca sake isa vicAra se kyoMki pahale hI paryApta vilamba ho cukA hai, grantha ke sAtha zuddhi-patra nahIM lagAyA jA sakA hai| isa sabake liye hama pAThakoM se kSamAprArthI haiN| jayapura 31 akTabara, 1967 -cainasukhadAsa

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bAbUchoTelAla jaina smRtigraMtha khaNDa vyaktitva kRtitva, saMsmaraNA evaM zraddhAMjaliyAM

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Namo arihaMtANaM Namo siddhANaM Namo AiriyANaM Namo uvajjhAyANaM Namo loesabbasAhUNaM

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RRR aise upakArI jIvana ko zraddhA sahita praNAma le0 kalyANa kumAra jaina 'zazi' rAmapura diyA rASTra sevAoM meM, zrajita, bahucarcita yoga / diyA satat sAhityonnati meM hitakArI sahayoga / zrola rakhA dRSTi se, phala kI icchA kA viniyoga | goraNa samajhate rahe svayam kA, zArIrika sukha bhoga / apane zrama se diyA niraMtara zrauroM ko vizrAma | aise upakArI jIvana ko zraddhA sahita praNAma / koTi koTi vipadAnoM meM bhI dikhe nahIM bhayabhIta / karmaThatA se bharA purA, sahakArI rahA pratIta / svArtha rahita sakriya jIvana se, banatA prAraNa punIta / hita cintana ke dRSTi koNa se, jIvana kiyA vyatIta / karate rahe samasyAoM se, jIvana bhara saMgrAma | aise upakArI jIvana ko zraddhA sahita praNAma hara sudhAra Andolana meM nita rahA pramukhatara hAtha / bar3hate rahe sadA sakriya praga, naI pragati ke sAtha / zumAcaraNa ke pAlana meM dIkhe nita unnata mAtha / yahAM anekoM bhaTake jIvana, banate rahe sanAtha / jIvana vaha hai joki prakAraraNa Aye sabake kAma 1 aise upakArI jIvana ko zraddhA sahita praNAma / bar3hA prayatnoM dvArA inake purAtatva kA mAna / purAtatva hI saMskRtiyoM kA ujjvala gaurava-gAna / zodha kArya meM kiyA isa taraha apanA yoga pradAna / jisake dvArA bar3hA rukA paga nUtana anusandhAna / jIvana vaha jo prAdarzo para bar3he nitya zravirAma / aise upakArI jIvana ko zraddhA sahita praNAma / FAR WAS WE WERE SEA WA WV W&Wwwwww Fagg p

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udAramanA zrI bAbU choTelAla jI jaina le baMzIdhara zAstrI 0666 kA janavarI mAsa bhAratIya itihAsa meM bhI unhoMne upayoga nahIM kiyA, anya vastuoM kI azubha mAha samajhA jaavegaa| jisameM DA0 bhAmA to bAta hI kyA / ve bAjAra meM banI huI cIja jaise mahAna aNu vaijJAnika evaM zrI lAla bahAdura jI kabhI nahIM khAte the, cAhe bhayaMkara garmI hI kyoM na zAstrI jaise pradhAnamaMtrI pAkasmika matya ke zikAra ho pAnI bhI bAjAra meM na pIkara ghara meM hI pAkara bane / inakI kSati pUti honA nikaTa bhaviSya meM pIte the| saMbhava nahIM lagatA / yaha mAha jaina samAja ke lie Apa prArambha se hI borA ke vyApAra meM lage, bhI vizeSa taura para prazubha rahA jisameM 26 janavarI 6 janavarA jahAM mApane apane buddhi kauzala se dhana kamAne ke ko prAtaH zrI choTelAla jI jaina jaise purAtatva saMskRti sAtha-sAtha apane sahaja nirmala vyavahAra se pratiSThA ke premI evaM nirbhIka kAryakartA kA dehAvAsana ho bhI ajita kI / usa samaya borA bAjAra meM aMgreja, gyaa| mAravAr3I, gujarAtI, nAkhUdA tathA baMgAlI prAdi una jaise vividha pravRttiyoM meM lIna vyakti kii| vibhinna jAtiyoM ke vyApArI the, kintu ve saba jIvana gAthA pAne vAlI pIr3hI ke lie hamezA preraNA / unako atyanta sammAna dete the| unakI jaina samAja spada rahegI / ve vAstava meM mahAna the| ve vyApAra , meM bhI bahuta pratiSThA thI, ve kaI digambara jaina vyavasAya meM vyasta rahate hue bhI purAtatva, zikSA, mandiroM ke TrasTI the| ve AvazyakatA par3ane para apane sAhitya, saMskRti, samAja sudhAra saMgaThana tathA prANoM kI paravAha na karate hue mandiroM kI rakSA meM abhAvagrasta evaM pIr3ita mAnavoM kI sevA prAdi meM tatpara rahate the| eka bAra hindU-muslima daMge ke apanA mahatvapUrNa yogadAna dete rahate the| samaya nayA mandira kI sthiti bahuta bhayAvaha ho gaI thI, vahAM bhaya ke kAraNa koI bhI nahIM jAnA cAhatA zrI choTe lAla jI jaina kA paricita varga unheM thA; kintu ve saba ke manA karane para bhI vahAM gaye "bAbU jI," "jaina jI," "sarAvagIjI" prAdi aura mandira kI surakSA kI pUrNa vyavasthA karake ho nAmoM se pukAratA hai, kintu ina nAmo meM unakA lauTe / isa para bhI jainI bhAI vahAM pUjana pRkSAla ke 'bAbU jI' nAma hI adhika pracalita hai| lie jAne meM Darane lage taba zrI rAmajIvanadAsa jI prApake pUrvaja rAjasthAna ke phatahapura (sIkara svayaM apane donoM putroM ko lekara bahA gae jinameM zrI choTelAla jI bhI the| vahAM pUjana pRkSAla kI jayapUra) se mAe the| mApake pitA zrI rAmajIvana samucita vyavasthA krvaaii| dAsa sarAvagI kalakattA jaina samAja ke pratiSThita vyaktiyoM meM se the / ve dIna dukhiyoM kI gupta rIti se kalakattA jaina samAja ke pramukha vyakti hone ke sahAyatA karate the| ve mandira jo meM prAtaH aura kAraNa unakA bhArata ke pramukha jaina baMdhunoM se paricaya sAyaM niyamita rUpa se zAstra sabhA meM upasthita rahate thaa| ve sasthAnoM ke paise ko nijI kAma ke lie unhoMne hamezA sAdA jIvana aura ucca vicAra kabhI upayoga meM nahIM lAte the| yahAM taka ki mandira ko apanA mUla maMtra rakhA / kalakattA jaise bar3e zahara ke koSa se apane rupaye khudarA karAnA bhI pApa meM rahate hae bhI sAbuna aura barpha jaisI vastuoM kA samajhate the|

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4 bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti graMtha aise prAdarza sAtvika vRtti vAle zrI rAmajIvana dAsa jI ke zikhara canda, phUlacanda, gulajArI lAla, dInAnAtha, choTelAla, nandalAla, lAlacanda maura dulIcanda (jinakA 17 varSa kI avasthA meM hI dehAvasAna ho gayA thA) nAmaka 8 putra tathA ratana bAI evaM nAnIbAI nAmaka do putriyAM huii| isa prakAra apane sahodaroM meM zrI choTelAla jI kA 5 vAM sthAna thA / aba ina dasa bhAI bahanoM meM zrI nandalAla jI evaM do bahaneM hI jIvita haiM / bAbU jI kA janma 70 varSa pUrva 16 pharavarI san 1816 tadanusAra phAlguna zuklA 2 vi0 saM0 1952 ko huA thaa| Apa bacapana se hI apane pitA jI ke adhika samparka meM rahe the| pitA jI ke pAsa pAne vAle vyApAriyoM evaM vidvAnoM kI carcA dhApa rucipUrvaka sunA karate the evaM kabhI kabhI mApa carcA meM bhAga bhI lete the / ina sabakA pariNAma yaha huA ki bAbU jI prArambha se hI sArvajanika va sAmAjika kSetra meM prabhiruci lene lge| isa abhi ruci ne hI inheM mUka sevaka banane kI preraNA dii| rivet prArambhika zikSA sthAnIya digambara jaina pAThazAlA meM huii| yahAM paM0 kalAvara jI ne pApa ko akSarAbhyAsa kraayaa| cApake sAtha hI kalakattA ke suprasiddha paM jayadeva jI bhI par3hate the / zrApane maiTrika parIkSA bhI vizuddhAnanda sarasvatI vidyAlaya se pAsa kii| tatpazcAt kAleja meM par3hanA jArI kiyA, kintu kucha vizeSa kAraraNoM se prApa pradhyayana chor3akara vyApAra meM laga gaye / prApakA vivAha 14-15 varSa kI alpAyu meM hI seTha setasIdAsa jI agravAla ko suputrI mUMdA bAI se huA thaa| pApa kI dharma patnI hamezA patibhakti ko sarvoccasthAna detI rahIM / bAbU jI ke yahAM prAyaH pratithiyoM kA niyamita rUpa se Agamana hotA rahatA thaa| Apa unakI sevA meM utsAha pUrvaka lagI rahatI thii| prApa 1939 I0 meM bImAra huii| yaha bImArI dhIre-dhIre bar3hatI gyii| anekAneka upacAra kiye gae kintu saphalatA nahIM milii| anta meM 16-8-40 ko vaha kAla-kavalita ho gaI / bAbU jI 14-15 varSa kI umra se hI sAmAjika kAryoM meM ruci lene lage the| ve kalakalA suprasiddha rathayAtrA kI vyavasthA hetu svayaMsevaka rUpa meM bhAga lete the / jisa samaya kA upayoga nikoM ke putra prAyaH khela kUda, sinemA, nATaka prAdi meM vyatIta kara diyA karate haiM usI samaya kA upayoga bAbU jI samAja hita meM karate the / mApane vyavasAya se san 1952 ke disambara meM hI nivRttilekI thii| sabase Apa apanA pUrNa are sAhitya purAtatva evaM samAja sevA meM dene lge| jaba kisI sahA vyakti ke bImAra hone kA samAcAra milatA to bAbU jI ke pitAzrI svayaM jAkara usakI sevA suzruSA kI vyavasthA karate the, ve apane anya putroM ke sAtha bAbU jI ko bhI rogo ke pAsa le jAte the / Apa kI nisvArtha sevA se rogI apanI bImArI ke sAre dukha bhUla jAtA thaa| pApa bImAra ke masamUtrAdi sApha karane meM bhI nahIM hicakate the| 1 svargIya kumAra devendra prasAda jI se bAbU jI kA ghaniSTa sambandha thaa| kumAravI jaba bhI kalakattA Ate the inhIM ke yahAM Thaharate the / ve eka bAra inake ghara para bAkara bImAra par3a gye| unakA vara bar3atA hI gayA, jo anta meM bhayaMkara vecaka ke rUpa meM parivartita ho gyaa| unake sAre zarIra para becaka ke dAga ho ge| bAbU jI va unake bhAiyoM ne unakI cikitsA vizeSajJoM se kraaii| kintu isa cikitsA se bhI baDha kara bAbU jI ne unakI jo paricaryA kI vaha cirasmaraNIya rhegii| bAbU jI unako leTe-leTe hI pAkhAnA aura pezAba karavA kara apane hAthoM pheMkate rahe aura vaidyoM dvArA roga ko pora saMkrAmaka batAne para bhI unakI sevA ve hI nahIM unake sAre bhAI bhI karate rhe| dvArA se kumAra jI ke bhAvA

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SENTER FASHAMSHUNT RSSPIN PLAM Bh mva0 zrImatI mRgAbAI, dharmapannI bAbU choTalAma jo

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zrI bAbU choTelAla jI jaina udAramanA gye| ina bahuta hI jI, mAmA jI prAdi parijana bhI A bhAiyoM kI nisvArtha sevA vRtti se ve prabhAvita hue| aMtima dina unake mAmA ke suputra bhI mA ge| jaba ve kumAra sAhaba se milane kamare ke bhItara jAne lage to badabU ke mAre unakA jI ghabarA gayA aura ve unake zarIra kI bhayaMkara sthiti dekha kara bAhara hI raha gae tathA unase mile bhI nahIM / aisI paristhiti meM bhI bAbU jo unakI prathaka paricaryA yathAvata karane rahe / isI prakAra bihAra bhUSaNa dayAnidhi, rAyabahAdura bAbU sakhIcandra jI ko bhI, haijA hone para, pAMca dina taka bAbU jI anavarata sevA karate rhe| inhoMne unakI viSThA, pezAba Adi sApha karane meM bhI saMkoca nahIM kiyA / isa prakAra ko paricaryA bAbU jI kevala sambandhI yA paricita kI ho karate hoM, aisA nahIM thaa| san 1918 disambara meM kalakattA meM hue inphalyUenjA ke samaya bar3A bAjAra meM garIboM ko DhUMDha 2 kara bAbU jo unakI cikitsA, pathya prAdi kI vyavasthA karavAte the| unhoMne kalakatA kAraporezana se likhA par3hI kara eka cikitsaka kI vyavasthA kraaii| isa prakAra rogAkrAMta mAnavoM kI sevA meM grApa eka mAha taka lage rahe / Apa prArambha se hI seTha padmarAja jI rAnI vAloM ke samparka meM paae| unake pitA seTa phUlacanda jI se Apake pitA jI kA ghaniSTha sambandha thA, isalie ApakA unake yahA~ barAbara mAnA jAnA banA rahatA thaa| Apa unakI samAja sudhAra evaM rAjanaitika vicAradhArA se bahuta prabhAvita the| siddhAMta bhavana dhArA ke bAbU karoTIcanda jI kalakattA mAte rahate the| ve rAnI vAloM ke yahAM Thaharate the ataH bAbU jI kA bhI unase paricaya humA jo Age calakara paniSThatA meM parivartita ho gayA / grApameM purAtasya evaM sAhitya ke prati ruci jAgRta karate meM zrI karor3o 2 canda jI kA bahuta bar3A hAtha thaa| yaha ruci bhApake jIvana kA mukhya aMga bana gaI / Apa kalakattA jaina samAja kI hI nahIM apitu bAhara kI aneka sArvajanika saMsthAoM meM bhI sakriya bhAga lete rahe the jinameM se kucha kA saMkSipta varNana isa prakAra hai ; 1 - ve sthAnIya mahAvIra di0 jaina vidyAlaya ke 25-30 varSa taka mantrI rhe| Apa apane kAryakAla meM baccoM kI dhArmika zikSA evaM saMskAroM para vizeSa jora dete the / jaina baccoM ke lie dhArmika viSaya meM saphala honA viSaya meM saphala honA anivArya rakhate the, jisakA pariNAma huA ki usa kAla ke vidyAlayoM ke vidyArthiyoM meM dhArmika ruci adhika thI / 2- apane pitA zrI ke TrasTI hone ke kAraNa Apa bhI prArambha ho se digambara jaina mandiroM kI vyavasthA Adi meM sakriya bhAga lete rhe| jIvana ke anta taka ve digambara jaina mandiroM evaM ratha yAtrA kameTI ke TrasTI rhe| 3 - prApane jaina bhavana ke nirmANa meM pramukha bhAga liyA / 4- ve mahisA pracAra samiti ke saMsthApakoM meM se the evaM uddezyoM kI pUrti ke lie sakriya bhAga lete rahe / 5- kalakattA meM san 1944 meM vIra zAsana jayantI mahotsava vizAla stara para manAyA gyaa| usa samaya vIra zAsana saMgha evaM vidvat pariSad kI sthApanA zrApa hI ke prayatnoM se huI thI / 6 - Apa kalakattA meM zvetAmbara va digambara samAjoM kI saMyukta rUpa se mahAvIra jayantI manAne ke pakSa meM prArambha se hI rhe| Apa jaina samAja ke sabhI sampradAyoM meM aikya cAhate the| jaise prApa digambara samAja meM priya evaM sammAnita the vaise hI zvetAmbara samAja meM bhI the| dhApa jaina samAja kI ekatA kI pratIka jaina sabhA kalakatA meM kArya karate rhe| bhApa

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti graMtha 1947-48 meM isake sabhApati cune gae the / Apake kAryakAla meM sabhA kI ora se rAjagRha meM zrauSadhAnaya kI sthApanA kI gii| isI varSa meM sabhA ko bhora se mahAvIra jayantI utsava manAyA gayA jisameM jaina evaM jainetara samAjoM ke ucca koTi ke vidvAna sammilita hue the| usake bAda se sabhA kI kArya samiti meM Apa barAbara rhe| Apane sadaiva jaina samAja kI sabhI zAkhAoM kI ekatA para bala diyaa| 7- zrI digambara jaina yuvaka samiti kalakattA kI eka mahattvapUrNa saMsthA hai / isakI sthApanA evaM prArambhika kAryoM meM bAbU jI kA vizeSa hAtha rahA hai| isa samiti kI ghora se mahAvIra pustakAlaya saMcAlita hotA hai, usameM thApane apanI saMgrahIta bahumUlya pustakeM dI thii| samiti kI ghora se san 1921 meM jaina vijaya nAmaka patra prakAzita huA thA, usameM bApa sahAyaka saMpAdaka niyukta kie gae the| san 1922 meM bAr3ha pIr3itoM kI sahAyatA ke lie jo candA huA usake lie bhI prApane prayatna kiyA thaa| 8- san 1917 meM seTha padmarAjajI rAnI vAloM evaM bAbU jI ke prayatnoM se jaina samAja kI ekatA va unnati ke lie zrI mahAvIra jaina samiti kI sthApanA kI gaI, jisake sabhApati ukta rAnI vAle evaM mantrI bAbU jI the / samiti kI ora se mAsika sabhA prAyojita karane tathA vizeSataH striyoM meM vidyA kA pracAra karane Adi kA taya kiyA gyaa| samiti kI ora se 1917 meM jaina dharma bhUSaraNa svargIya bra0 zItalaprasAda jI ke sabhApatitva meM bhArata jaina mahAmaMDala kA adhivezana humA, jisameM prAyaH sabhI prAntoM ke pratinidhiyoM ne bhAga liyA thaa| samiti kI ora se kAMgresa adhivezana ke samaya 27-1217 ko All India Jain Association va Political Jain Conference kA bhI prAyojana kiyA gayA thA, jisameM lokamAnya bAla gaMgAdhara tilaka va dezapUjya dAdAsAhaba khApoM bhI sammilita hue the / dAdA sAhaba khAparDe jaina poliTikala kAnphreMsa sabhApati the lokamAnya tilaka ne kahA thA ki "svarAjya prAndolana ke sAtha hI merA dUsarA kArya paNDita arjunalAla jI seThI ko chur3AnA hogA / " samiti 1617 meM kAMgresa dvArA Affiliated ho gaI thI aura usa ko pratinidhi bhejane kA adhikAra mila gayA thaa| bAbU jI bhI aneka varSoM taka kAMgresa ke pratinidhi niyukta hote rahe the| jaina tIrtha kSetra kameTI ke aneka varSoM taka mantrI rahe / 6 - baMgAla, bihAra evaM ur3IsA digambara bihAra prAntIya digambara jaina tIrtha kSetra kameTI kI evaM akhila bhAratIya di0 jaina tIrtha kSetra kameTI kI prabandhakAriNiyoM meM aneka varSoM taka ve sammAnita sadasya ke rUpa meM rahe the / 10 - Apane khaNDa giri, udayagiri kA itihAsa samAja ke sAmane rkhaa| bha0 mahAbIra ke phUphA jitArI kA nirvANa sthala siddha kara ise siddhakSetra ghoSita kiyaa| isa kSetra ko prasiddhi meM lAne kA zraya prApako hI hai| 11 - pApa kalakattA ke ganI TreDa esosiezana ke sthApanAkAla (san 1925) se hI sakriya kAryakartA rhe| pa 32 varSa taka isakI kArya kAriNI samiti ke sadasya rahe / dasa varSa taka avaitanika saMyukta maMtrI ke pada ko suzobhita karate rahe / tIna varSa taka Apa esosiezana ke upa-pradhAna evaM do varSa taka pradhAna pada para bhI prAsIna rahe / apanI niSpakSatA ke AdhAra para chApane jo khyAti prApta kara lI thI, usake kAraNa zrApakA nirNaya saharSa svIkAra hotA thaa| Apake maMtritva kAla meM esosiezana ko vyApArika kAryoM ke pratirikta jana-kalyANa kI ora bhI pravRtta kiyA gayA, jisameM lagabhaga pA~ca lAkha rupae kharca kie gae Apa isa esosiezana kI ora se aneka vyApArika saMsthAoM ke pratinidhi bhI rahe the /

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udAramanA zrI bAbU choTelAla jI jaina 12-Apa jaina saMskRti kI surakSA evaM utthAna 15-~-pApa jaina saMskRti ke purAtatva vibhAga se ke lie hamezA aprasara rahate the| pApa paM0 jugala- prema rakhate the, isalie purAtana jaina sAmagrI kI kizora kI mukhtAra kI lekhanI se prabhAvita hue| khoja meM vibhinna sthAnoM para jAte rahate the| prApa unake kAryoM ke prakAzana prAdi ke lie hajAroM vahA~ se sAmagrI bhI ekatrita karate the / mApa ke pAsa rupaye dAna meM dete rahate the| bIra sevA mandira ko purAtatva ko durlabha sAmagrI ke aneka bahumUlya citra sarasAvA jaisI choTI jagaha se lAkara dehalI jaise the jinameM se kucha ko vistRta karA kara sthAnIya belagakendrIya sthAna meM lAne kA zreya prApa hI ko hai| chiyA upavana ke hAla meM sarva sAdhAraNa ke pradarzanArtha prApane svayaM va pauroM se hajAroM rupayA dilA kara rakha diyA gayA hai / prApa kI icchA pUre hAla meM isa saMsthA ko sthAyitva pradAna kiyaa| mandira kA aise citra lagAne kI thI jisase ki darzanArthI jaina apanA bhavana banA jomAne vAlI pIr3hiyoM ke lie saMskRti ke prAcIna gaurava se paricita ho skeN| preraNA srota evaM jaina itihAsa va saMskRti ke vidyA- kintu kheda hai ki apanI asvasthatA ke kAraNa prApake thiyoM ke lie mahattvapUrNa kendra siddha hogaa| Apane jIvana kAla meM unakI yaha icchA pUrNa na ho sakI / isa saMsthA kI ora se prakAzita "anekAMta" patra ko prApa ke pAsa 2500-3000 ke lagabhaga bahumUlya mahattvapUrNa sahayoga diyaa| pApa apanI rumNAvasthA pustakeM thIM / prApakA purAtatva ke aneka vizeSajJoM meM bhI isa patra ke lie citita rahate the evaM evaM adhikAriyoM se ghaniSTa saMparka thA / pApa yathAise samaya para nikAlane kI prAvazyaka vyavasthA bhI vasara jaina purAtatva para lekha bhI likhate the| Apane karate the / lekhAdi ke lie vidvAnoM ko prerita kalakattA ke jaina mandiroM kI mUrtiyoM aura yaMtroM ke karate the| lekhoM ko bhI pustakAkAra prakAzita karAyA thaa| mApane jaina bibiyolojI kA prathama bhAga prakAzita 13-sAhU zAMtiprasAda jI ne sAhityika karAyA thA / pApa dUsarA bhAga taiyAra kara rahe the jo vikAsa unnayana evaM sAMskRtika anusaMdhAna tathA lagabhaga prAyaH pUrNa ho cukA thA kintu prApako prakAzana ke uddezya se san 1944 meM bhAratIya jJAna- niraMtara bImArI ke kAraNa vaha unake jIvana kAla meM pITha kI sthApanA kI / isakI sthApA ko preraNanA prakAzita nahIM ho sakA / prAzA hai vaha aba prakAmeM bhI bAbUjI kA pramukha hAtha thA / mApa isake TrasTI zita ho skegii| evaM saMcAlana samiti ke sadasya the / mApa isake jana prApa kA vidvAnoM ke prati apAra prema-bhAva prakAzanoM ke sambandha meM mahattvapUrNa sujhAva dete rahate rahatA thaa| mApa yuvakoM ke prati asIma sneha rakhate the| svargIya paM0 nAthUrAma jI premI ke anurodha para the| unake patha pradarzana evaM sahAyatA ke lie pApa pApane hI mANikacandra graMtha mAlA kA kArya bhAra saba kucha karane ko taiyAra rahate the| ina paMktiyoM jJAnapITha ko svIkAra karane kI preraNA dI thii| ke lekhaka ne gata 10 varSoM meM unase jo asIma sneha 14-mApa svAmI satya bhaktajI evaM bra0 zItala ho pAyA usakA varNana nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| prasAdajI se bahata prabhAvita the| bhApa ne satya bhakta jI Apa rAyala esiyATika sosAiTI ke sammAnita ke prAzrama ke saMcAlana evaM sAhitya prakAzana ke lie sadasya the / aApa isake pratinidhi ke rUpa meM hisTrI hajAroM rupayA dAna diyA thaa| mApa zItala prasAda kAMgresa meM bhI kaI bAra gae the| Apa ku0candAbAI jI jI kI dharmapracAra-bhAvanA evaM sAhitya-sRjana kI ke jaina-bAla-vidhAma mArA se bhI sambandhita prathaka vRtti se bahuta prabhAvita the| Apa unheM hara rahe haiM / Apa vahAM kI vyavasthA, zikSA mAdi se bahuta prakAra kA sahayoga dete rahate the| prabhAvita the| kisI bhI kanyA kI par3hAI kA jikra

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vAyU iMTelAla jI ( navambara san 1613, zrI nandalAla jI ke vivAha meM, chaparA meM )

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bAbU choTelAla jI (navambara san 1613, zrI nandalAla jI ke vivAha me. khaparA meM )

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udAramanA zrI bAbU chodelAla jI jaina saba ke jariye Apa jana sAmagrI prApta karane ke lie prabhAvoM kI anubhUti antaH karaNa se karate the isaliye hamezA prayatnazIla rahate the / prApakI purAtattva kI hamezA unake duHkho ko dUra karane ke lie tana, mana, abhiruci evaM sevAoM ke sammAnArtha bhArata sarakAra dhana se tatpara rahate the| ne pApako san 1952 meM purAtattva vibhAga kA avaita bAbUjI ne svayaM baMgAla ke prasiddha 42-43 ke nika Correspondent banAyA thaa| akAla meM pIDita prabhAvagrasta garIboM kI sahAyatA Apane jaina yuvakoM ko purAtatva kI ora abhi- kI / ve ganI TreDa esosiyezana kI tarapha se mAraruci lene ke lie prerita kiyA thaa| eka bAra san vAr3I rilIpha sosAiTI ke tatvAvadhAna meM baMgAla ke 1923 meM prApane hajAroM patra likha kara jana paMcAyatoM nogrAkhAlI kANDa ke samaya hinduoM kI sahAyatArtha ko hastalikhita jaina granthoM kI sUcI taiyAra karane kI vahA~ gae the| vahA~ mahInoM raha kara asahAya alpa preraNA dI thii| marUpakoM kI hara prakAra se mahAyatA karate rhe| ve nirbhIka hokara mumalamAnI muhalloM va gAMvoM meM pahu~ca 18-grApa deza-videza ke jaina-prajana vidvAno ko jAte the evaM asahAya aura lIgI nAdirazAhI ke jaina sAhitya evaM saMskRti sambandhI mahatvapUrNa sAmagrI zikAra alpa-saMkhyako kI mahAyatA evaM rakSA kara ke dete rahate the evaM unheM jaina viSayoM ko prakAza meM kRtakRtya hote the| lAne ke lie prerita bhI karate rahate the| DA0 vinTara niTaja, DA0 glAminava, zrI pAra DI. banarjI, rAya prApa jaise dIna dumvI sevakoM ke kAraNa jaina bahAdura prAra.0 pI0 banarjI, zrI ena0 jI0 banarjI. samAja hI nahIM apitu pratyeka bhAratIya kA sira zrI ena0 jI0 majumadAra, zrI ke0 ena0 dIkSita, gaurava meM U~cA ho uThatA hai| aise niHsvArtha sevaka amUlyacandra vidyAbhUparaNa, DA0 vibhUtibhUSaNa datta, kI yAda hamezA banI rhegii| DA0 e0 prAra0 banarjI, DA0 e0 Ara0 bhaTTAcArya, lakSAdhika dAna dekara bhI prApa apanI vijJApanaDA0 kAlidAma nAga Adi aneka vidvAna jaina viSayoM bAjI se hamezA dUra rhe| pApa hamezA kRtya ko para prApasa jAnakArI prApta karate rhe| pradhAnatA dete the, nAma ko kabhI cintA nahI karate prApakA jaina vidvAnoM se to bahuta hI nikaTa kA the| pApane dAna kabhI pracAra kI bhAvanA se nahIM sambandha rahatA thaa| prApa unakI sevA evaM sammAna diyA thA kyoMki prApa mAnate the ki 'parigraha pApa kA koI avasara hAtha se nahIM jAne dete the| prApakA hai usa pApa kA prAyazcita dAna hai kintu yaha dAna paM0 nAthUrAma jI premI, paNDita jugalakizora jI khyAti lAbha pUjA ke liye nahIM honA cAhie / mukhtAra a0 zItalaprasAda jI, bairisTara campata rAya prAyazcita kI dRSTi apane pApa kA saMzodhana athavA jI. paNDita mahendrakumArajI nyAyAcArya, DA0 hIrA- aparAdha kA parimArjana karake prAtma zuddhi karane kI lAla jI jaina, DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhyAya, pro0 pora hotI hai / cakravartI, paNDita kailAzacanda jI, paNDita cainasukha Apa aneka saMsthAoM meM vibhinna padoM para rhe| dAsa jI nyAyatIrtha prAdi se niyamita evaM madhura ApakA sabhI prakAra ke vargoM se niyamita samparka samparka rahatA thA / rahatA thA kintu mApane svAbhimAna ko hamezA pramabAba jI jahA~ purAtattva, saMskRti aura zikSA ke khatA dii| kisI dhanI yA bar3e prAvamI ke sAmane premI the vahA~ dIna dukhiyoM ke dukhoM se jaldI ho dravita kabhI nahIM jhuke, inhe Thakura muhAtI kahanA yA sunanA ho jAte the / dhanI hote hue bhI ve unake dumvoM aura pasanda nahIM thA, kintu sAtha hI yogya pAtroM ke

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preraNAdIpa bA0 choTelAlajI DaoN. jyoti prasAda jaina ema.e., ela.ela.bI., pI.eca Do., lakhanaU kalakanA nivAsI prAdaraNIya bAbU choTelAla jI thA, nathApi eka ne dUsare ko sahamA pahicAna liyA. jaina akhila bhAratavarSIya jaina samAja ke to eka mAtra do zabda 'jyotiprasAdajI hai| unhoMne kahe aura amUlya ratna the ho, ve sampUrNa rASTra ke bhI eka prati- sAkSAt paricaya ho gyaa| sTezana se bAhara nikalaSThita nAgarika evaM mahAna mevAbhAvI sajjana the / mega kara apanI gAr3I meM lekara jaina bhavana pahu~ce, mere samparka zraddhaya paM0 jagala kizogjI mukhtAra tathA unake Thaharane grAdi kI vyavasthA kI ora cale gye| phira vora sevA mandira sarasAvA evaM anekAnta mAsika to nitya unase bheTa hoto, ghaMToM vicAra vinimaya bhI patra ke sAtha lagabhaga tIsa varSa pUrva humA aura inhI ke hotA unake svayaM ke nivAsa sthAna para bhI, vyAvasAdvArA zane : zanaM bAbUjI ke sAtha bhI parokSa samparka yika daphtara aura jaina bhavana ke mere kamare meM bhI / sthApita hone lgaa| mukhtAra sAhaba kI preraNA aura eka-Der3ha mAsa mai vahI unaka sarvathA nikaTa prAtmIya bAbUjI ke satprayatnoM evaM pradamya utsAha se 1944 kI bhA~ti ho rahA / apane sAtha ve mujhe apane sahameM rAjagRha ke punIta vipulAcala parvata para vIra yogiyo yathA-sva. bAbU nimaMta kumAra jI, sva0 zAsana kA mAddha-ti sahastrAbdI mahotsava va hI dhUma- meTa baladevadAsajI sarAvagI, Adi meM milAne ke dhAma se manAyA gayA aura umI avasara para vIra liye bhI jaba taba le jAte / zItra hI kArtika zAmana saMgha kI sthApanA hii| yaha mAtra eka mahotsava kA avasara thA jise dekhane ke liye bagAla ke maMsthA na thI varana isake pIche eka mahatvapurNa tatkAlIna pragreja gavarnara tathA anya ucca padAdhikArI yojanA thI jisake liye bAbajI ne bar3e grAmantrita kiye gaye the| bAbUjI kI preraNA para prayatnapUrvaka lagabhaga dasa lAkha rupayoM kI sahAyatA ke maMne ukta mahotsava kI eka choTI sI sanitra vivavacana vibhinna dharma premI zrImAnoM se prApta kara liye| rarigakA agrejI meM taiyAra kI, jo mudrita hokara saMgha kA kendra kalakattA mahAnagarI nizcita huI aura viziSTa prAmantrita ajaina evaM videzI darzakoM meM usakA kArya prArambha karane ke liye upayukta vyakti kI vitarita huI / khoja hone lgii| antataH zraddhaya munnAra sAhaba ke parAmarza se bAbUjI ne isa kArya ke liye bAbUjI kA svAsthya usa samaya bhI acchA nahIM mujhe cunA / vidyAvyasana to thA hI, saMskRti sevA rahatA thA / mahotsava ke kucha hI dinoM bAda kalakattA meM kI bhI AkAMkSA thI aura kucha yauvanAvasthA kA bhayaMkara daMgA huA aura usa do ke bIca hI mukhtAra utsAha thA, amtu kiMcita uhApoha ke uparAnta maine sAhaba bhI vahAM jA pahu~ce / unake Agamana kA uddezya svIkati de dI aura sana 1645 ke aktUbara mAma bhI maMgha kI vyavasthA ke sambandha meM sannopa prApta meM eka dina meM hAvar3A sTezana jA pahu~nA / Trena se karanA thaa| usa dage ke samaya goliyo kI bauchAra utarate hI TopI, banda gale ke boTa aura dhotI meM eka se bacate hue mukhtAra sAhaba ko sTezana livA lAne zAnta bhavya mUrti ke darzana hue / maine vAbU jI ko ke liye jAne kA romAMcaka prasaMga yahA~ varNana nahIM pahale kabhI nahIM dekhA thA, na unhoMne hI mujhe dekhA kruuNgaa| aneka kaarnnN| ge vIra zAmana saMgha kA kArya

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti patha svAgata ke lie ve tana, mana, dhana se taiyAra rahate the / Apa spaSTavAditA meM bhI apUrva the| prApakA cAhe koI kitanA hI nikaTa kA kyoM na ho, prApa usake doSa dekhane para use kahane meM nahIM hicakate the / apane matabheda ko prakaTa karane meM saMkoca nahI karate the, isI kAraNa kaI vyakti inase santuSTa nahIM raha pAte the / ye apane virodhI ko bhI zrAvazyakatA par3ane para sahayoga dene meM AnAkAnI nahIM karate the| Apa premI jI evaM mukhtAra sA0 jaise parIkSA pradhAnI sAhityAnveSiyoM ke maMtavyoM se paricita the isalie Apa pratyeka kriyA kI bhUmikA, prAdhAra kA pUrA adhyayana kara hI usakI vidheyatA yA avidheyatA svIkAra karane the| Apa kabhI galatarudi ko svIkAra nahIM karate the| jo bhI rUr3hi yA graMthazraddhA janitA kArya karatA usakA mApa virodha karane the / grApa kabhI dUsaroM kI prasannatA kI khAtira apane siddhAMta kI bali nahIM karate the| Apane jaina samAja ke sudhArakoM kI yathA saMbhava sahAyatA kara sudhAra kA mArga prazasta kiyA thA / navayuvaka kA hamezA patha pradarzana karane ye kisI bhI navayuvaka kI mArga meM lagAne, use vyavasAya sAdhana juTAne meM hamezA sahAyatA karate the| Apa vidyArthiyoM evaM vidvAnoM ko adhyayana kI preraNA dete rahate the / ve svayaM rugNAvasthA meM bhI thor3I sI hone para adhyayana meM laga jAte the| Apane kitane hI vyaktiyoM ko nava-sAhitya sRjana kI preraNA dI aura unakI racanAoM ke prakAzana meM bhI sahayoga diyA / Apako jaina gamkRti ke sarakSaNa evaM vikAsa kI hamezA manA banI rahatI thii| prApa vidvAnoM netAoM evaM samAja ke kAryakartAoM se apanI citA vyakta karate rahate the| isake lie unhoMne apane DhaMga se aneka kArya kie| bhApa purAtatva sAmagrI kA snAiDale mpa se pradarzana bhI yathAvasara karate the| zrApane kalakattA, dehalI zrAdi kendrIya sthAnoM para jaina kalA evaM saMskRti kI pradarzaniyAM bhI lagAI thI jisakI sabhI ne mukta kaMTha se prazaMsA kI thii| aise nirbhIka samAja sevI kA abhinaMdana karane kI yojanA cala hI rahI thI ki karAna kAla ne unheM hamezA ke lie chI liyaa| ve hamezA abhinandana kA virodha karate rahate the| unhone kahA ki hamane jo kucha bhI kiyA thA sevA va kamavya samajha kara kiyA thA usake lie sammAna yA abhi nandana kaisA ? aise mUka sevaka, nirabhimAnI dAnI, udAramanA bAbUjI ko apanI zraddhAMjali arpita karanA apanA parama kartavya samajhatA hU~ / gata navambara-disambara mAha meM Apa vizeSa rUpa se pIr3ita rhe| disambara ke dvitIya saptAha me sthAnIya mAravAdI rilIpha sosAiTI ke aspatAla meM zrApa ko bhartI karAyA gayA thA / Apa itanI bhayaMkara bImArI meM bhI sAMskRtika va sAhitya kI carcA meM ruci lete the| Apane isa zayyA para rahate hue bhI vIra zAsana saMgha kI ora se prakAzita hone vAlI jaina nibaMdha ratnAvalI kA prakAzakIya vaktavya likhavAyA jo ApakA atima vanya kahA jA sakatA hai / isa rugNazayyA para hI Apane zrI agaracanda jI nAhaTA ke nibaMdhoM ko prakAzita karane kI yojanA banAI thii|

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti pratha 12 prArambha nahIM ho pA rahA thaa| mukhtAra sAhaba ama ntuSTa hokara cale prAye meM dasa pAMca dina zraura vahI rahA aura tadanantara lakhanaU vApasa calA AyA / kintu usa pravAsa meM bAbU choTelAla jI ko jitanA nikaTa se dekhane va samajhane kA avasara milA utanA phira nahI milaa| mujhe to yahI lagA ki isa bhadra puruSa meM manasvitA hai, mamAjahita aura saMskRti saMrakSaraNa ko utkaTa lagana hai, upayukta yojanAyeM banAne aura unakA OM namaH karane kI nipuragatA hai, dUmaroM meM utsAha phUMkane aura preraNA dene kI bhI kSamatA hai, kintu kucha apanI sthAyI asvasthatA evaM tajjanya mAnasika udvignatA ke kAraNa tathA bahuta kucha sahayogiyoM evaM mitroM kI upekSA evaM DhIla se zIghra hI asantuSTa ho jAne ko pravRtti ke kAraNa unakI zraneka mahatvapUrNa yojanAyeM kAryAnvita na sakI / prazA zraura nirAzA ke bIca unheM bahuta bhUlanA par3A tathApi apanI zakti, samaya aura prabhAva kA upayoga ve yathAzakya samAja aura saMskRti ke hita meM nirantara karate hI rahe / ukta kalakattA pravAsa ke pazcAt bAbUjI se patra-vyavahAra calatA rahA / kabhI-kabhI ve kiMcit ruSTa aura asantuSTa bhI pratIta hue-vizeSakara prArambha meM, ukta yojanA ke saphala na ho pAne ke kAraNa, kintu do tIna varSa bAda se phira unakA sneha evaM sadbhAva pUrva kI apekSA bhI kucha adhika pratubhUta huA / san 1963 ke disambara meM jaina siddhAnta bhavana prAga kI hIraka jayantI ke avasara para unase phira sAkSAtkAra evaM vArtAlApa huA jisane unake saujanya evaM sneha bhAvakI madhura chApa naye sire se hRdaya para chor3I / bAbU choTelAla jI jaise vidvatpremI, saMskRti prabhAvaka evaM samAjasevI, dharma aura deza ke bandhu prati apanI hArdika zraddhAMjali arpita karatA hU~ / vieNa vippahUNassa havadi sikkhA ritthiyA savvA / viegro sikkhAe phalaM viyaphalaM savvakallA // vinaya rahita manuSya kI sArI zikSA nirarthaka hai / vinaya zikSA kA phala hai aura vinaya ke phala sAre kalyANa haiM / jJAna kA mahatva gAjjovo jovo gAgujjovassa patthi paDighAdo / i khettama paM sUro lAeM jagamamesaM // jJAna kA udyota hI saccA udyona hai; kyoki usake udyota kI kahI rukAvaTa nahIM hai| sUraja bhI usakI samatA nahIM kara sakatA kyoMki vaha prakSetra ko prakAzita kintu jJAna sampUrNa jagata ko / karatA

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bAbU choTelAla jI : mUka sAdhaka __ DaoN. premasAgara jaina adhyakSa : hindI vibhAga, di0 jana kaoNlija, bar3auta prA" jise vo-pUrva kI bAta hai| jarmanI ke kauna jAnatA hai ki isake pazcAta DaoN0 gnAsinava, kA prasiddha vidvAna TaoN viNTanitma kalakanA zrI pAra0 DI0 banarjI, gayabahAdura Ara0 pI0 vizvavidyAlaya meM Thahare the| usa samaya hisTrI prAMva candrA, zrI ena0 mI0 majUmadAra, DaoN00 Ara0 iNDiyana liTarecara' kI racanA kA kArya cala rahA bhaTTAcArya, DA0 ema0 prAra. banarjI aura amUlyacandra thaa| eka dina kalakanA kA eka yuvA jaina uname vidyAbhUpaNa grAdi ke jaina sAhitya aura purAtattva milane prAyA / umane bAtacIta ke milamile meM sambandhI anuSThAna meM bAbU choTelAla jI ne mahattvapUrNa projasvitA- pUrvaka kahA ki bhAratIya itihAsa ke yogadAna kiyA hai / unhoMne apanI sahAyatA kA pratyeka pahala meM jainoM kA mahatvapUrNa yogadAna hai, ullekha taka nahIM kiyA / nAma ke pIche manavAlA usa para likha binA prApakA yaha grantha adhUga hI yAja kA vidgajjagata, unakI isa mauna sAdhanA kA rahegA / DAkTara mAhaba ne ugI tejI ke mAtha unara sahI prAkalana kara sake. aisA maiM caahtaa| diyA ki jaina loga apane sAhitya ko chipAye rahate Aja se 40 varSa pUrva ke kalakattA ke nivAsI hai, digvAle nahIM, usa para hama kaise likha sakate haiN| eka aise yuvA vyApArI se paricita the, jo dina-rAta naujavAna kucha kSagaNa mauna khar3A rahA, phira eka saptAha vahA~ kI 'pablika lAyabrarI' meM par3A rahatA thaa| bAda milane kA vAyadA kara zIghratA se calA gyaa| usane zatazaH nahIM sahasrazaH grantha aura patra-patrikAmoM yathA mamaya vaha lauTA, usake hAtha meM kAgajoM ko lottaa-plttaa| uname jaina sAhitya itihAsa kA eka baNDala thA / DaoN. viNTaranitma kI aura purAtattva-paraka uddharaNa saMkalita kiye| unheM yora pheMkate hae usane kahA ki isa AdhAra para vyavasthita aura sampAdita kiyA / unakA eka aMza pApa apane itihAsa kA 'jaina khaNDa pUrA kara jaina viDilayogrAphI ke pahale khaNDa meM prakAzita ho cukA makeMge, aura proTo para muskAna liye bidA ho hai| vizva ke khyAtiprApta vidvAnoM ne isa pastaka gayA / DaoNkTara mahodaya prAzcaryAnvita ho use kI prazaMsA kI hai| rAyala eziyATika sosAiTI kI dekhate rahe / Azvasta ho baNDala uThAyA / eka baiThaka meM aneka vidvAnoM ne isake dUsare khaNDa ke 'hisTI prAva iNDiyana liTarecara' ke tIsare khaNDa kA zIghra prakAza meM Ane kA prAgraha kiyA thA / jainadharma-sambandhI vibhAga, jisameM lagabhaga 250 pRSTha khaNDa bhI rapha pepasaM para likhA par3A hai, usako haiM, aneka paurvAtya aura pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ne par3hA vyavasthita karanA-bhara hai / kintu bAbU jI ke prtyhai| merI dRSTi meM jaina sAhitya kA vaMsA itihAsa dhika asvAsthya ke kAraNa yaha kArya pUrA nahIM ho koI jaina vidvAna nahI likha sakA / vaha apane meM skaa| eka aine vyakti kI aAvazyakatA hai, jo yaha pUga prAmANika aura anUThA hai / Aja DaoN. viNTara- kAma kara sake / koI AMglabhASA kA jAnakAra nitya ko mamUcA vizva jAnatA hai, kintu usa jaina niSThAvAna vyakti abhI taka prApta nahIM hmaa| naujavAna ko voI nahIM, jisane yaha mAmagrI saMjoyI kAza, aisA ho sake / bAbU jI kA yaha jaina-saMkalanathI / usakA nAma thA bAbU choTelAla jaina / prAja kArya itanA mahatvapUrNa hai ki use unakI jIvana

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bAbU choTelAla jana smRti pratha 14 sAdhanA kaheM to dhanupayukta na hogaa| isake lie unheM bar3e-bar3e mUlya cukAne par3e hai| unameM patnI kA divAvamAna aura vyApAra kI kSati mukhya hai / para vAloM kA ropa bhI apanA eka sthAna rakhatA hai / usa dina vIra sevA mandira, dillI ke eka kakSa meM, maiMne unheM apanI patnI kI antima asvastha dazA kI smRti meM hilate dekhA thaa| varSo pUrva kA eka hRdaya unakI prA~khoM meM bAra-bAra tarala ho uThatA thA / unhoMne kahA ki jaina vibliyogrAphI ke kArya meM meM itanA saMlagna rahatA thA ki apanI patnI ke svAsthya para ThIka dhyAna na de pAyA / usa mAnavI ne isakI eka kSaNa ko bhI zikAyata na kI / marate samaya bhI usane yaha hI cAhA ki merI sAdhanA pUrI ho paura prAnanda tathA sukha kA anubhava kara sakU~ / bhAratIya nArI kI yaha pratimA aura kisa deza meM upalabdha hogii| yadi bAbUjI usake dhyAna meM dravita ho uThane the to yaha unakA mAnavIya rUpa hI thA / yadi koI sAdhaka mAnava nahIM to usakI sAdhanA pakSAghAta me prapIDita rhegii| jaMnadharma isI kAraNa mAnava ko mokSa pAne ke yogya mAnatA hai aura kisI ko nahIM / sAhitya sAdhanA ke mUla gugNa bhI mAnava kI mUna vRniyoM ne hI sambaddha haiM 'brahmAnanda' aura 'brahmAnanda sahodara eka hI prAvAra para Tike haiN| dono kA mUla eka hI hai / bAbUjI ne use samajhA aura anubhava kiyA thA / bhAratIya purAtattva vizva kA eka mUlyavAna adhyAya hai| dhaneka videzI purAtatvajJoM ne use samIpa se dekhA aura parakhA hai / ve usako prazaMsA karane se apane ko roka nahIM ske| unakA mata hai ki yadi usame se jaina khaNDa pRthaka kara de to usakA mahattva adhUrA raha jAyagA / bAbU choTelAla jo jaina purAtatva ke priya vidyArthI the / anta taka usake prati unakI jijJAsA satata jAgRta rahI isIlie vidyArthI zabda kA prayoga kiyA, anyathA maine apanI A~khoM ma bhArata ke sarvokRSTa purAtatvI ko unakI pAdabandanA karate dekhA hai abhI usa dina meM unake ! sAtha dillI ke nezanala myUjiyama meM calA gyaa| usakI imArata dillI kI zAna ke anurUpa hI hai / aneka mUrti aura stambhoM ko pAra karate hama eka kakSa meM pahuMce / nitAMta sAdagI dekhI vahA~ aura eka bar3I meja ke sAmane kursI para baiThe sAdA mAnava ke darzana kiye sadara ke kapar3e, bAla ur3ane hue bhAta para Ar3A tilaka, kucha sthUla zarIra hama logoM ko dekhate hI unakA zarIra avilamba hilA aura unhoMne bAbUjI ke caraNasparza kiye / paricaya ke uparAnta vidita huA ki ve hI ve zivarAma mUrti haiM, jinake purAtAtvika nivandha 'enasAiklopiDiyA oNva varlDa bhAkiyolAjI meM prakAzita hue haiM duniyA~ ke coTI ke vidvAnoM ne unhe punaH punaH par3hA hai / meM Azcarya cakita thA / jaina caityoM ke sambandha meM kucha purAtAttvika jAnakArI bar3hAne gayA thA vahA~ / jo kucha jAnA vaha mere yAgAmI nibandha meM prakAzita hogA | do ghaNTe vahAM rahA, abhibhUta -sA, eka vinIya vidyArthImA | bhAratIya jJAna kA vaha prakAza stambha kitanA anUThA aura vismayakArI thA / unakI yaha vinamra svIkAroki unake sarala hRdaya kI pratIka hI thI ki bApUjI (choTelAlajI) ke Toga jJAna meM bahuta kucha kara hI meM isa dizA meM Age bar3ha sakA hai| to phira samIpa baiThA dubalA patalA mere hRdaya meM preraNA jasA samAhina ho utthaa| bAbUjI kisI myUjiyama ke kyUreTara nahIM bane; kintu na jAne kitane kyUreTarsa unake AzIrvAda ke abhilApI rahe hai| ise zAyada bahuta se loga na jAnate hoM / isI bhAMti bhArata ke prasiddha purAtatvajJa TI0 rAmacandra bAbUjI ke prati zraddhA hI nahI, bhakti-bhAva saMjoye rahate hai / maiMne unheM dillI meM bAbUjI ko sadaiva zraddhAnavata ho praNAma karate dekhA hai| TI0 rAmacandra eka jaMvatA hA vyaktitva zodha-khojoM meM tapA niz2arA sAdhaka dinakara kauna prabhAvita na ho| pratimA ghora parizrama kI gajaba kahAnI hai ve /

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bAbU choTelAla jI : mUka sAdhaka 15 bhAratIya dhaga aise nara ratna sadaiva ugalatI rahI devA / kucha varSa pUrva mohanajodar3o kI khudAiyoM meM hai / aise hI logoM ko prAcIna yuga meM mantra-dRSTA prApta ziva kI mUrtiyA~ bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI mAna kahA jAtA thaa| unake jaina viSayoM me sambandhita lI gii| ve jainoM ke prathama tIrthakara hai| banArama nibandha yadi eka aora anusandhAna paraka hai to dUsarI vizvavidyAlaya ke DaoN.prANanAtha ne una maniyoM para pora niSpakSa hRdaya ke dyotaka / ve bAbU choTelAlajI 'jinAya namaH' par3hA aura usI prAdhAra para upayukta ko uccakoTi kA pugatanvajJa mAnate the| bambaI ke mAnyatA cala pdd'ii| bAbU choTelAlajI ne usakA nezanala myUjiyaga ke cIpha kyUreTara DaoN. motIcandra saprAmANika khaNDana kiyaa| mujhe jahA~ taka smaraNa to yadi dillI yA kalakattA prAyeM aura vahA~ bAbU hai, unake kathana ko kisI ne nunautI nahIM dii| choTelAlajI hoM to uname avazya milate the| DaoN0 vidvAnoM ke madhya bAbU choTelAlajI ke purAtAtvika motIcandra ne aneka grantho kI racanA kI hai / hindI nibandhoM ko sadaiva pratiSThA huI hai / san 1923 meM grantha ratnAkara kAryAlaya bambaI se prakAzita unakA unakI eka choTI-sI pustaka 'jaina pratimA-yaMtra lekha 'zRgAra hATa' eka prasiddha grantha hai / prAcIna saMgraha' kalakattA kI 'purAtattvAnveSigaNI paripada' se pApAgoM meM rAjA yaha 'zRgAra hATa' bhAratIya prakApita huI thii| isameM bAbUjI ne kalakattA ke saMskRti ke madhyarAtri ke bAjAge kI kahAnI hai| mandiroM meM virAjamAna pratimAnoM aura yantroM para sAhitya aura purAtattva kA aimA anUThA samanvaya bude lekhoM kA saMkalana mora sampAdana kiyA thaa| anyatra dekhane ko nahIM miltaa| DaoN. motIcandra bhI isa viSaya para kArya karane vAloM ko saMskRta kA mAhitya aura purAtatva ke samanvita rUpa hai, mAtha- jJAna atyAvazyaka hotA hai / bAbUjI usameM pIche nahIM hI-sAtha mAnava pravRttiyoM ke paarkhii| unakI zraddhA the| isa pustaka ne aneka vidvAnoM kA mArga darzana samtI nahI ho sakatI / jisake prati maMjoyeMge, vaha kiyaa| Aja vividha patra-patrikAoM meM jo yaMtra aura unakI kasauTI para pahale hI kharA utara cukA hogaa| pratimA-lekha saMgraha prakAzita hote haiM, unake pIche bAva cholAlajI unake zraddhAspada the / bAbUjI kI preragA hI thI / unhoMne paM0 paramAnanda zAstrI ko dillI ke mandiroM ke mUtti aura yantra pasI jAna lekhoM ko saMkalita kara anekAnta meM prakAzita karane kucha varSa pahale dillI meM eka vizAla jaina kA Adeza diyA thaa| isa viSaya meM bAbUjI kI tIvra myUjiyama sthApita karane kA Ayojana kiyA gyaa| kaci pora vaijJAnika jAnakArI suvidita hai| bhArata ke rASTrapati ke pada para prAsIna hote hI DaoN0 rAdhAkRSNana meM usake udghATana kI bAta bhI soca san 1962 meM bAbUjI vIra-sevA-mandira meM lI gaI / bhAratIya purAtatva ke eka vizeSajJa, jinheM Thahare the / 'anekAnta' ke punaH prakAzana kA vicAra DAyarekTara ke rUpa meM niyukta kiyA thA, rAjasthAna uThA, to prArambha kara diyA / kisI patra kA aura madhyapradedA meM jaina pugatAnvika sAmagrI le praaye| nikAlanA prAsAna kArya nahIM hai aura vizeSakara taba. usa sAmagrI se saje bhavana kA nirIkSaNa karane pahu~ce jaba vaha eka zodha patra ho / bAbUjo ne akele hI, paattottelaaljii| maine dekhA ki unhoMne eka-ke- asvastha dazA meM saba kucha kiyaa| saba kucha kA bAda-eka dama prazaddhiyA~ banAI, jinakA samAdhAna artha hai-artha kA prabandha, sAmagrI kA saMkalana. DAyarekTara mahodaya na kara sake / mAmagrI ke saste sampAdana, prakAzana, prUpha-roDiMga aura phira yathArUpa ko dekha kara prAyojana roka diyA gayA / usa sthAna bhejanA, grAhaka banAnA, candA ikaTThA krnaa| samaya maiMne bAbUjI ke sUkSmAvalokana ko sAkSAt eka yA do aMka uparAnta mujhe bulaayaa| sacinta

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bAyU choTelAla jaina smRti graMtha hokara kahA ki maiM aba kalakattA jAnA cAhatA hU~, tIya jJAnapITha ko sthApanA, jaina sAhitya ko zodhakoI 'anekAnta' ke sampAdana kA uttaradAyittva le khoja, sampAdana aura prakAzana ke lie hI huI thii| to mujhe zAnti mile / grISmAvakAza ho nukA thA, jJAnapITha ne varSoM isa kartavya kA nirvAha ImAnadArI meM vIra-sevA-mandira meM jAkara Thahara gyaa| unhoMne se kiyaa| svargIya paM0 mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya mujhe kArya samajhAyA / kucha vidvAnoM ke nibandha ke nirdezana meM jo kArya huA, usakA apanA eka prakAzana hetU pAye hue the| bAvajI ke sAtha vicAra- prathaka mahattva hai| zrI ayodhyAprasAdajI goyaloya vinimaya hotA thaa| taba maine jAnA ki unakI pakar3a bhI isa dizA meM sajaga, sAvadhAna aura ruci sampanna kitanI painI hai aura vidvattA ke kSetra meM kitanI bane rhe| kintu jaina granthoM ke vikraya kI vikaTa sUkSma peMTha hai / sastI vidvattA unheM kabhI nahIM ructii| samasyA ne bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke jaina vAGamaya ke kalakattA jAne ke uparAnta bhI unakI sammatiyAM prakAzana taka hI sImita rahane ke saMkala ko DigA aura nirdezana satata milate rahe / bAbUjI ko tItra diyA / zrI lakSmInandra jaina ke sekreTarI banate hI abhilASA thI ki anekAnta eka uttama zodha patrikA lokodaya granthamAlA kA janma hmaa| usase naI ke rUpa meM prakAzita ho, kintu usake sAtha kucha aisI vidhAnoM aura vicAroM ko saMjoye hindI kA sRjanAparisthitiyAM sambaddha thI jinase bAbUjI vivaza the tmaka sAhitya prakAzita ho utthaa| ekAkI nATaka, aura mai to ninAMna paravaza huuN| bAbUjI ne bAbU choTI-choTI kahAniyAM, upanyAsa aura kavitA-saMkalana jayabhagavAna jI, jo usa samaya vIra-mevA-mandira dhaDalle se nikale / unakI bikrI hotI hai / aba jJAnake sekraTarI the. ko likhA thA ki DaoN0 premasAgara ke pITa hindI sAhitya aura sAhityakAroM ko eka sAtha vicAra-vimarza kara 'anakAnta' ko eka zreSTha pramukha saMsthA hai| mujhe yA kisI jaina vidvAna ko patrikA kA rUpa deN| usI samaya ke pAsa-pAma bAbU umake aimA hone meM koI mApana nahIM hai| kintu jayabhagavAna ke divAvasAna se vaha kArya sampanna na ho sAtha hI usakA mUla uddezya bhI dhUmila nahIM sakA / 'pranakAnta' jaise rUpa meM cala rahA thA, honA cAhie / prava dekhA jAtA hai ki jaina-granthoM ke bAbajI usase santuSTa nahIM the / use eka unama kA prati na vaha raci hai aura na sajagatA / maine bAbU prApta ho. merI bhI abhilASA hai, mere Thosa sujhAva choTelAlajI ko ekAdhika bAra bhAratIya jJAnapITha haiM, jinheM bAbUjI ThIka mAnate the, kintu unake kAryA- kI isa pravRti ke prati gambhIra rUpa se sacinta hote nvayana meM vicitra kaThinAiyA~ haiM, ataH eka hamasa- dekhA hai| sabhI do-cAra varSoM meM bhAratIya jJAnapITha bharI vivazatA hai| phira bhI 'anekAnta' meM prakAzita meM prakAzita katipaya aise jaina grantha hai jinake liye meTara se vidvAna mantuSTa haiM aura anumanyitsuno ko yadi bAbUjI kA kar3A Adeza na hotA to zAyada vahAM paryApta sAmagrI upalabdha ho jAtI hai| isI kAraNa se prakAzita hI na ho pAte / bAbUjI cAhate the ki bAbUjI usake saMcAlana se sahamata the aura 'anekAnta' bhAratIya jJAnapITha kevala bhArata meM hI nahIM, apitu nikala rahA hai / isa anuccheda kA tAtparya itanA hI samasta eziyA mahAdvIpa meM jaina sAhitya kA mAnastambha hai ki bAbUjI 'anekAnta' ko jainazodha kA eka rocaka bana sake / mujhe pUrA vizvAsa hai ki yadi ve bhAja patra banAnA cAhate the| unakI yaha bhAvanA jaMna isa maMmAra meM hote to use isa rUpa meM pariNata kara godha-khoja meM satata lage rahane kA pariNAma thii| hI dama lete / yadi bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke sekreTarI mahodaya hindI sAhitya aura jaina sAhitya ke madhya bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI ke DAyarekTarsa meM bAbU apanI kaci niSpakSa bhAva se mantulita rakha sake to choTelAlajI kA nAma sabame Upara thA / mUlataH bhAra- bhI bAbUjI kI abhilApA ke pUrNa hone ke cinha

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gana TreDarsa pramosiezana, kalakatA dvArA bAbU jI ke abhinandana samAroha ke avasara para prAyojita TI pArTI kA eka dRzya / ( 11-10-1958 )

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bAbU choTelAla jI mUka chAka dRSTigocara ho sakate haiM meM bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke saMcAlaka sAhU zAntiprasAda jI ke vicAroM se paricita hai, ve use lekara koI vyApAra nahIM karanA cAhate aura na use ghAva kA sAdhana samajhate haiN| phira to hindI sAhitya se prApta prAya jaina sAhitya meM khapAI jA sakatI hai| yahA~ merA uddezya bAbU choTelAlajI kI, jaina sAhitya ke saMzodhana, sampAdana ute vizvavyApI prakAzana ke prati balavatI AkAMkSA ko pragaTa karanA hI hai / manuSya svayaM vidvAna bana sakatA hai aura vidvattA ke usa para bhI car3ha sakatA hai, kyoMki yaha usake nija se sambandhita bAta hai. kintu dUsaroM ko banAnA aura unheM bhAge bar3hAnA ghAsAna kArya nahIM hai / yaha ve hI kara sakate haiM, jo mahAsattva hai, jinakA dila saveSu maitrI guNaSu pramodam se banA hai| prAja jaina samAja meM aneka vidvAna haiM, jinakI vidvattA aura rUpAti kI taha meM bAbUjI kI preraNA zraura sahAyatA ke hI darzana hote haiN| bAbUjI ne kabhI usakA ullekha bhI nahIM kiyaa| ullekha to taba karate jaba unhoMne yaha kArya apane nAma ke lie kiyA hotA / unakA yaha svabhAva thaa| svabhAva-vazAt hI ve aisA karate the| saubhAgya se unake pitA ne unake isa svabhAva ko nikhArane ke avasara bhI diye| bAbUjI ne mujhe sunAyA "jaba bhI koI vidvAna kalakattA mAtA to mere pitAjI mujhe usa vidvAna ko kalakattA ghumAne ke lie bheja dete| isa bhAMti prArambha se hI maiMne vidvAnoM ke prati zraddhAbhAva saMjoyA hai|" isI bhAva ne unheM svayaM vidvattA kI ora unmukha kiyaa| visA upArjita kara bhI vaha zraddhA bhAva tadavastha banA rhaa| isI bhAva ke kAraNa apane se choTe yuvA vidvAnoM ke prati unakA zraddhA-gabhita prema umar3a uThatA thA ye vidvAna prAyaH aise hote ki unake hote ki unake kadama lar3akhar3Ate, dila kA~patA aura kucha paristhitiyoM se vivasa se hue jArahe hote| bAbUjI kA pragAtha sneha aura pratyeka prakAra kA sahAyya unheM majabUta banA detA / prabhI vigata varSa hI dillI meM 'Inter 1 national oriental conference' kA prAyojana thA / vIra-sevA-mandira kI tIsarI maMjila ke eka kakSa meM kalakatA ke eka yuvA vidvAna Thahare ye paricaya huA to bAbUjI ke sneha kA smaraNa kara gadgad ho uThe, kaNTha bhavaruddha ho gyaa| kevala ve hI nahIM usa samaya vahA~ Thahare dakSiNa ke eka vRddha bhaTTAraka, DaoN0 e0 ena0 upAdhye, DaoN0 kalApAcandra, DaoN0 kamalacanda sogAnI, bAbU jayabhagavAna jI prAdi sabhI eka hI sneha-sUtra meM baMdhe the| sabhI ke hRdaya bAbUjI ke pAvana smaraNa se prota prIta the meM gharoM ko chor3a apanI kahatA huuN| san 1969 ke jUna ke madhyAnha meM maiMne saba se pahalI bAra bAbUjI ke darzana vIrasevA mandira dillI ke mukhya bhavana meM kiye / mere hAtha meM apane zodha-prabandha 'hindI ke bhakti kAvya meM jaina sAhityakAroM kA yogadAna' kI pANDulipi thii| unhoMne use par3hA aura sraahaa| turanta bhAratIya jJAnapITha se prakAzana hetu svIkAra kara liyA / merI eka bahuta bar3I samasyA hala hogii| Aja vaha grantha 'jaina bhakti kAvya kI pRSTha bhUmi' aura 'hindI jaina bhakti kAvya aura kavi' zIrSaka se prakAzita ho cukA hai| prakAzana ke samaya isa grantha ke saMzodhana meM bAbU jI ke Thosa sujhAva kAryAnvita kiye gaye haiM / yaha unakA sneha hI thaa| unakA sneha yahA~ taka bar3hA ki jaba ve kalakatA gaye to pUre vIra-sevA-mandira kI dekhabhAla aura 'anekAnta' kI jimmedArI mujhe sauMpa gaye / maiM unakA vizvAsa prApta kara sakA, isase gauravAnvita huuN| unakI satata preraNA se prerita hokara hI jaina zodha ke kSetra meM merI ruci bar3hatI gaI aura meM usa patha para agrasara haiM / vIra-sevA mandira bAbU choTelAla jI kI mUka sAdhanA kA pratIka hai| yadyapi isa mandira kI sthApanA bAbU jugalakizora jI bAbU jugalakizora jI mukhtAra ne sarasAvA meM kI thI, kintu use pallavita aura puSpita karane kA samUcA zreya bAbU choTelAla jI ko hI hai| isa saMsthA ko unhoMne vipula prArthika sahAyatA svayaM dI aura dilavAI / pranekAnta ke saMcAlana kA samUcA zreya unhIM

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti graMtha 15 ko diyA jA sakatA hai| pahale bhI unhoMne isako janma diyA thA aura aba bhI unhoMne isako punaH prArambha kiyaa| pahale to ve isake sampAdaka bhI rahe aura aneka zodha-yoja pUrNa nibandha isameM prakAzita hue| paisA unhoMne diyA aura sampAdana, nibandha lekhana saba kucha bhI unhoMne kiyaa| kabhI khyAti kI AkAMkSA nahIM kI / khyAti unheM milI bho nahIM, vaha kisI aura ko upalabdha hotI rahI / vintu bAbU jI ko isase hArdika prasannatA milI, ve aisA hI cAhate the / isa bAra 'anekAnta' kA saMcAlana unake zradvitIya sAhasa aura lagana zIla hRdaya kA pratIka thA, unhoMne vidvAna lekhakoM kI sUcI banAI, unase sambandha sthApita kiyA, zrImanta seThoM ko dAna ke lie anuprANita kiyA, grAhaka banAye, prasa tai kiyA, mukha pRSTha kI rUparekhA svayaM banAI / saMkalita lekhoM ko par3A aura sampAdita kiyaa| samUcI prapha rIDiMga kI / jaba chapakara bhAyA to apane hAtha se Dispaica kiyA / leI se kAgaja taka cipkaaye| yaha saba kArya usa samaya kiyA jaba ki ve asvastha the / isa para bhI na to ve prakAzaka the aura na unakA nAma sampAdaka maNDala meM thaa| dUsare aMka ke pazcAt jaba ve kalakanA cale gaye to eka sajjana yaha kahate sune gaye "naukara taka ke kAma unhoMne khuda apane hAtha se kiye isakI kyA jarUrata thI, phira kahate haiM ki maiMne itanA kAma kiyA, utanA kAma kiyA / " meM unakI bAta suna bhinna rucihi lokaH' para vicAra karatA rahA / bhalA ve sajjana kaise soca sakate the usa bhAva bhIne prema aura uttaradAyitva ko jo unake dina meM 'anekAnta' ke prati bharA thaa| isa bAra bhI sampAdaka maNDala meM bAbUjI kA nAma nahIM thA kintu unake sujhAva aura nirdezana itane Thosa hote the ki koI bhI sampAdaka binA virodha ke unheM kArya rUpa meM pari ragata karane ko udyata ho jaataa| mujhe jahA~ taka smaraNa hai, unhoMne apanA koI sujhAva thopA nahIM aura na 'anekAnta' kI gati meM koI hastakSepa kiyA / 'anekAnta' eka uttama patrikA bana sakatA hai, yadi 'anekAnta' se sambandhita vyakti bAbUjI kI AtmA ko samajha sakeM / vidvattA ke pariprekSya meM bAbUjI kA yaha saMkSipta prAkalana hai / vidvAna vidvadmanyaH ho jAte haiM, ahaMkAra unakA sahacara bana jAtA hai| bAUjI ina donoM hI se mukta rhe| dhanta taka ve apane ko na kucha mAnate hue vidvAnoM kA mAdara-sammAna karate rhe| vidvAnoM meM sabase bar3A duguraMga hotA hai yazaH kAMkSA / ve isake lolupa hote hote haiM, dhanikoM ke dhana se bhI adhika / bAbUjI yaza ke samUce sthala udAratA-pUrvaka dUsaroM ko dete rahe yA milA unheM bhI, kintu usakI gati dhImI aura Thosa hai / yadi hama mi0 sTIvensana ke zabdoM meM kaheM to unakI 'populariTI' 'inTImeTa' hai 'loga' nahIM / arthAt samAcAra patroM meM apanA nAma granthoM para nAma aura vyAkhyAnoM ke lie apane nAma kI icchA unheM kabhI nahIM huii| ina prAdhAroM para nAma kamAne kI unhoMne kabhI ceSTA bhI nahIM kii| jo bhI vyakti unake pAsa jAkara rahA, vaha avazya hI yaha prabhAva lekara gayA ki hamane eka vidvAna ke darzana kiye aura usase bhI pUrva eka mAnava ke / mAnavatA ke zavoM para ugane vAlI vidvattA ko hI mi0 sTIvensana ne 'loga populariTI' kI saMjJA se abhihita kiyA thaa| bApUjI kI mUka sAdhanA ne unheM 'inTImeTa populariTI kA pratIka hI banA diyaa| unameM vidvattA aura mAnavatA kA prabhuta samanvaya thA /

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camana meM inase ibarata hai nemIcandra zAstrI, ema.e., pI.eca.DI., prAdhyApaka eca. DI. jaina kaoNleja, dhArA (magadha vizvavidyAlaya) dina pAte haiM aura cale jAte hai, para ve apanI madhura smRtiyA~ mAnasa paTala para sadA ke lie aMkita kara jAte haiM / jo ghaTanA marma ko chU jAtI hai, vaha sarvadA ke lie TaMkotkIrNa ho jAtI hai| zrAdaraNIya zrI bAbU choTelAlajI kA prathama darzana Aja se 22 varSa pUrva huA thA, para unake prathama sAkSAtkAra kA prabhAva prAja bhI tadavastha hai / bAbUjI kA vyaktitva vastra, vAyu, vAk, vidyA aura vibhUti rUpa paJcavakAra se nahIM grAMkA jA sakatA hai, balki mahaniya kI pratyeka kAryavAhI unake vyaktitva kI mahattA sUcaka hai| jIvana ke pratipala ko pratyeka ghaTanA dIpAvalI kI vidyavallarI ke samAna apane loka kI snigdhakiraNoM ko vikIra karatI hai| samAja saMskRti, sAhitya aura dharmotthAna kI bhAvanA bAvujI meM pUrNatayA vyApta thii| unakA vyaktitva himAlaya kI himadhavala gaganasparzI coTiyoM ke samAna umrana aura zraddhAspada thaa| himAlaya kI karuNA jisa prakAra agaNita nirjharoM aura saritAoM ke rUpa meM vigalita hotI hai, usI prakAra bAhujI kI karuNA bhI asahAya dhaura nirAdhayoM ko AjIvikA dilAne meM bAbUjI ke vyaktitva kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yaha thI ki unhoMne dIpazikhA kI bhAMti apane jIvana ko tila-tila kara jalAyA thA, mAtra isalie ki sAhitya, saMskRti, kalA aura samAja kA utthAna ho / unameM dayA, kSamA, zAlInatA, namratA aura sahanazIlatA mAdi gugNa vartamAna the / jIvana bhara rogoM se bhane para bhI kArya karane kI kSamatA jyoM kI tyoM thI unakA adamya utsAha kAsa aura zvAMsa ke prabala vega se bhI dhUmila na ho sakA thaa| ve jIvana kA eka-eka kSaNa sarasvatI / ko mArAdhanA meM samarpita karate the| yadyapi unhoMne mukta hapta se samAja aura sAhitya ke vibhinna kSetroM meM lAkhoM rupayoM kA dAna diyA thA, para ve nAmAGkana se sadA dUra rhe| vizva meM aisI vibhUtiyAM kama hI parilakSita hotI hai, jisameM sarasvatI aura lakSmI kA eka sAtha samavAya pAyA jAya / yaha satya hai ki bAbUjI kA tana, mana dhaura dhana dUsaroM kI sevA ke lie sadA prastuta rahatA thaa| ve sAhityika, vicAraka aura sArvajanika kAryakartA hone ke sAtha 2 badAnyavareNya bhI the, jo vyakti jisa sAtha yA icchA ko lekara unake samakSa upasthita hotA, usakI vaha sAdha yA icchA avazya pUrNa ho jaatii| udAra cetA bAbUjI kA para vidvAnoM ke lie dhanalasa pratithizAlA thA, binA sUcanA ke pahu~ca jAne para bhI samucita pratithisatkAra prApta hotA thaa| bAbUjI durdAnta dame se mallayuddha karate hue atithi ko samasta sukha-suvidhAe~ pahu~cAne kA prayAsa karate the| bhojana, snAna prabhRti samasta prAvazyakatAoM ko ve svayaM hI bhAge bhAkara pUrNa karate the| unakA saujanyamaya vyavahAra pratyeka atithi ko mugdha kara detA thA / . hA~, to maiM apane prathama sAkSAtkAra ke prabhAva kA aMkana karane kA prAbhAsa kara rahA hU~ / saMbhavataH san 1943 kA julAI mAsa thaa| nayA satra dhArambha ho cukA thA / vidyArthIgaNa mahatvAkAMkSAoM ke kuhAse se ghire hue apanI 2 kakSA meM praviSTa ho rahe the meM jaina bAlAvidhAma dhArA meM dharma-saMskRtAvyApaka thA / sahag2A eka dina jJAta huA ki kala isa saMsthA ke sabhApati kalakattA nivAsI dAnavIra bAbUjI zrI choTelAlajI dhAne vAle haiN| sarvatra eka 1

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20 bAbu choTelAla jaina smRti maMdha nayI cahala pahala thii| saphAI svacchatA ke nirdezoM ke sAtha chAtrAoM ko sAvadhAnI sambandhI anya prakAra ke nirdeza bhI diye jA cuke the| 1 prAtaH kAlIna kakSAe~ cala rahI thIM, jinameM prameyakamala mArttaNDa, praSTasahastrI aura gommaTasAra ke adhyApana kI vyavasthA thI meM smAvatIcaM parIkSA meM praviSTa hone vAlI chAtrAoM ko 'mArtaNDa' par3hA rahA thA ki eka gauravarNa, kSINakAya, madhyamakada, upatalalATa, prAjAnabAhu aura dUdha jaisI dhavala meSabhUSA se vibhUSita vyakti ne praveza kiyaa| ziSTAcAra pradarzana ke anantara ke baiTha gaye aura mujhe pATha cAlU rakhane kA bhAveza diyA / prakaraNa kAraka sAkalya kA cala rahA thaa| kucha paMktiyoM ke adhyApana ke pazcAt unhoMne chAtrAoM se pUchA- 'naiyAyikAdi ke yahA~ pramA meM kisa vastu ko sAdhakatama bhAnA gayA hai ? chAtrAoM dvArA indriya aura sannikarSa ke uttara diye jAne para unhoMne unakI zrapramANatA siddha karane ke lie prAdeza diyA, para jaba chAtrAe~ mauna dikhalAyI par3I to vAvujI ne batalAyA ki jAnanA yA pramApa kriyA ke cetana hone se sAdhakatama jJAna hI ho sakatA hai, pracetana sannikarSAdi nahIM / sabhikarNAdi ke rahane para bhI jJAna utpanna nahIM hotA aura sannikarSAdi ke prabhAva meM bhI jJAna utpanna ho jAtA hai| bhrataeva jAnane rUpa kriyA kA sAkSAt avyavahita kAraNa jJAna hI hai, sannikarSAdi nhiiN| pramiti yA pramA ghajJAna nivRttirUpa hotI hai aura isa ajJAna nivRtti meM prajJAna kA virodhI jJAna hI kAraNa ho sakatA hai, jaise andhakAra kI nivRtti meM andhakAra kA virodhI prakAza indriya sannikarSAdi svayaM pracetana hai, ataH bajJAna rUpa hone ke kAraNa pramiti meM sAkSAtkAra nahIM haiN| yadyapi kahIM-kahIM di jJAna kI utpAdaka sAmagrI meM sammilita hai, para sArvatrika aura sArvakAlIna anvayavyatireka na milane se unakI kAraNatA zravyApta ho jAtI hai| jJAna kA sAmAnya dharma apane svarUpa ko jAnate hue para padArtha ko jAnanA hai / vaha avasthA vizeSa meM para ko jAne yA na jAne para apane svarUpa ko hara sthiti meM jAnatA hai| svasaMvedI honA jJAna kA svabhAva hai| isa prakAra apane jAnane rUpa kriyA meM sAdhakatamatA - zravyavahitakAraNatA jJAna ko ho pratipAdita hai / Ayojita sabhA meM zikSA ke sambandha meM vicAra vyakta karate hue unhoMne kahA- "vartamAna meM hamAre vidyAlayoM kA paThana krama sadoSa hai / adhyayana aura adhyApana granthAnusAra kiyA jAtA hai, jisase eka hI viSaya kaI bAra punarAvRta hotA hai, phalataH chAtroM kA sarvAGgINa vikAsa nahIM hotaa| prAcAryoM ne granthoM kA praNayana svAdhyAya ke hetu kiyA hai, pAThya krama ko dRSTi meM rakhakara grantha nahIM likhe gaye haiM, ata: jaina vidyAlayoM meM vipayAnusAra katipaya zIrSaka nizcita kara dharma aura nyAya kI zikSA dI jAnI caahie| pravezikA prathama khaNDa se lekara zAstrIya parIkSA ke antima khaNDa taka dharma aura nyAya ke aneka viSaya bAra-bAra doharAye jAte haiM, ataeva bhA0 da0 jaina parIkSAlaya ko apane pAThyakrama ko Thosa aura vyApaka banAnA caahie| dhArmika zikSA jIvana vikAsa kI dRSTi se atyAvazyaka hai, isakI upekSA karane se samAja ko unnati nahIM ho sktii| mataH dhana ke binA bhI manuSya uTha sakatA hai. vidyA ke binA bhI bar3A bana sakatA hai, para caritra bala ke binA manuSya sarvacA hIna aura paMgu hai| prAvaraNahIna zAna pAkhaNDa hai / naitika vyakti hI apane prati saccA evaM ImAnadAra ho sakatA hai| ataeva kalija bhaura skUloM meM bhI dharma zikSA kA prabandha honA caahie| mujhe yaha jAnakara prasannatA hai ki yahA~ kI chAtrAe~ prameyakamala mAsaSTa dhaura praSTa sahastrI jaise uccakoTi ke granthoM kA adhyayana karatI haiN| AdaraNIya bAIjI ( 0 paM0 candAbAIjI) ne dAsatva kI zrRMkhalA meM jakar3I, ghU~ghaTa meM chipI ajJAna aura kurItiyoM se pratAr3ita nArI ko prAtmabodha hI nahIM karAyA,

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manI TreDama esosiyezana, kalakasA dvArA bAbU jI ke abhinandana samAroha ke avasara para prAyojita TIpArTI kA eka dUsarA dRzya / ( 11-10-1956 )

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camana meM inase ibarata hai balki usake lie uccazikSA kA prabandha kara use pIr3ita the, khA~sI bahuta parezAna kara rahI thI; para ucca pada para pratiSThita kiyA hai / candanA, prAzcarya kI bAta yaha thI ki utsava prArambha hote khelanA aura sItA jaisI satI nAriyA~ jJAna ke kSetra hI prApakA damA na mAlUma kahA~ calA gayA / prApa meM prAzAtIta unnati kara rahI haiN| merA to yaha itumata sabhAmoM meM tIna-cAra ghaNTe lagAtAra baiThe rahate hai ki nAriyAM hI deza ke kalevara kA pariSkAra kara the, para eka bAra bhI khA~sI nahIM bhAtI thii| aisA sakatI haiN| vaha samAja, jo apanI nAriyoM ko prati- mAlUma par3atA thA mAno mApane kisI yoga kriyA ke SThita karane kI bAta nahIM soca sakatA, kabhI bhI bala se damA ko jIta liyA ho / mApakI lagana, vikAsa kI pora nahIM bar3ha sakatA / maiM bAIjI ke tatparatA aura pratyeka kArya ko sUndara DhaMga se sampAdana kAryoM ko punaH punaH prazaMsA karatA huuN|" karane kI kSamatA darzanIya thii| jisa sthAna para sabhA meM mApane purAtattva aura itihAsa kI vidvAna Thahare hae the, usa sthAna para pApa kaI bAra mahattA para bhI prakAza ddaalaa| kalApUrNa mUttiyoM padhAre aura una se milakara evaM carcA kara bar3e aura mandiroM ke citra bhI dikhalAye / ApakA prasanna he| mata hai ki atIta ke gaurava kI gandha hI samAja ko utsava samApta hone ke anantara prApa jaina uttejina kI hai aura isI gandha ko mastI use sidvAnta bhavana kI unnati ke hetu kaI dinoM taka carcA nayA jIvana dAna detI hai| prAcIna khaMDaharoM meM hamArA karate rhe| samAja aura sAhitya ke kAryoM meM Apa pratIta chipA hai. hama use Dhaha kara apane bhaviSya vizeSa ruci lete the tathA choTe-bar3e sabhI prakAra ke ko svarNamaya banAnA hai| abhI taka jaina sAhitya lekhakoM ko utsAhita karate the / ApakI preraNA se kA itihAsa nahI likhA gayA hai| digambara jaina kalakattA meM kitanaM hI vidvAna jaina sAhitya ke sAhitya bhaNDArI meM uddhArako kI pratIkSA kara rahA adhyetA bana gaye haiN| vIra-zAsana-jayantI mahotsava he / sahastrAM prantha naSTa ho cuke hai, ataeva hameM isa ko sampanna karane meM Apane jo athaka parizrama kiyA aura bhI dhyAna denA hai vastutaH sAhitya jIvana kI thA, use samAja sadaiva yAda rkhegaa| itane bar3e satata gatizIla preraNAmoM meM se eka hai| samAja utsava kI saphalatA kA zreya vAvajI ko hI thA / kA astittva sAhitya para hI pravalambita hai| ApakI bahumukhI pratibhA, dUsaroM ke sukha ke lie prathama sAkSAtkAra ke pazcAt to bAbUjI ke sarvasva vitaraNa karane kI bhAvanA, rASTra aura deza nikaTa samparka meM pAne kA aneka bAra avasara milaa| sevA kA saMkalpa evaM paropakAra karane kI sata-baddhi ve atyanta karmaTha, paropakArI, sevAbhAvI evaM samAja aise guNa the, jinake kAraNa ApakI gaNanA vizva aura sAhitya ke lie satata cintita rahate the| jaba ke mahAna vyaktiyoM meM kI jA sakatI hai| bAbu koI bhI vidvAna unake pAsa pahuMcatA, to ve ghaNToM choTelAlajI jaise lAla kimI bhI samAja ko do baiThakara usake sAtha samAja aura sAhityotthAna kI pUNyodaya se hI prApta hone haiN| pra.pako sasa-preraNA carcA karate rahate / vidvAn ke pahuMcane se unheM apUrva se aneka netara vidvAn aura zrImAn jaina sAhitya prasannatA hotI / zAstrIya aura aitihAsika carcA ke maNi-mANikyoM se paricita ho gaye haiN| meM unheM itanA rasa pAtA ki carcA ke samaya meM kalakattA meM gayA bAhara kA koI bhI jana Apake unakA cira sahacara damA bhI na mAlUma kahA~ calA pAsa pahu~ca kara sukhasuvidhAe~ to prApta karatA hI, jAtA / zrI anasiddhAnta bhavana mArA ke hIraka use rojI-roTI dilAne meM bhI bhApa pUrNa sahAyatA jayantI mahotsava ke bAbUgI svAgatAdhyakSa hokara krte| prApakA jIvana vAstava meM prAdarza, anukaraNIya pdhaare| jaba pApa mArA meM pAye to damA se evaM abhinaMdanIya thaa|

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pravAspada bAbU jI sAtha bhejI gaI thI / bAbU jI ke sneha aura mamatA aneka pUrvAgrahoM aura kadAgrahoM kA prAvaraNa cIra kara kI miThAsa kA svAda una grAmoM meM hama loga lete hamAre prAcIna vaibhava ke kalApakSa kI jo mAnyatAeM rhe| prAtmIyatA kI yaha athAha gaharAI ? socatA sthApita ho sakI haiM ve hamArI pIr3hiyoM ko sIr3hiyoM kA haiM zabdoM kI patavAra ke sahAre me nApanA kyA kAma deNgii| unakI nirantara aura balavatI preraNA se mUrkhatA nahIM hai ? isa dizA meM TI0 ena0 rAmacandran aura zrI. sI. zivarAma mUrti jaise katipaya vidvAnoM pUjya varNI jI ke anta samaya meM bAbU jI ke dvArA jo sAhitya prastuta huA hai vaha jainasAtha maiM bhI lagabhaga bIsa dina vahA~ rhaa| isa bIca kalA ke anusandhAna patha para prakAza stambha bAbU jI kI aneka vizeSatAeM dekhane-jAnane ko bana kara rhegaa| unhoMne svayaM bhI jo likhA milI / varNI jo ke prati unakI dRr3ha aura gahana hai vaha yadyapi bahuta adhika nahIM haiM tathApi unake bhAsthA, samAdhi-maraNa ke samaya antima kSaNI saka jJAna aura anubhava kA paricAyaka hai / unake barI jI kI sevA-samhAla, aura bhArI bhIr3a meM dvArA saMyojita "jaina bibaliyogrAphI" kA dUsarA unakI prabandha-paTatA, bIca bIca meM vidvAnoM meM carcA bhAga yadi prakANita hokara sAmane A sakA to vaha ke samaya unakA gahana gambhIra jJAna aura katipaya unakI dIrgha, ekAnta, mauna sAdhanA kA pramANa pravAMchanIya prasaMgoM para unakA mAdhyastha tathA hama hogaa| vIra sevA mandira ke prati unakA maudArya sabake prati unakI mamatA aura aneka vizeSatAoM tathA vIra zAsana saMgha ke prati unakI sevAeM unakI kA prAgAra unakA sammohaka vyaktitva prAyaH pratyeka yA-patAkA kA meru-daNDa banakara bahuta samaya taka usa vyakti para jo bAbU jI ke samparka meM pAyA. hamAre bIca rahane vAlI haiM / ve svayaM mahAna the aura eka amiTa chApa chor3atA hai aneka mahAna kAryoM kA sampAdana unake prayAsa se, bAva jo apane Apa meM eka sampUrNa saMsthA the| unake vitta se aura unakI lagana me hayA hai| prAne jaina purAtattva kI anaginata anajAnI nidhiyoM ko vAle kalake liye kucheka bahata upayogI aura prakAza meM lAne kI dizA meM unhoMne jo zrama-sAdhya mahatvapUrNa yojanAoM kI saMbhAvanAe~ abhI unake sAdhanA kI hai tathA usa dizA meM unakI jo ura- sapanoM meM taira rahI thIM ki karAla kAla ne unheM hamase labdhiyAM hai unakA mUlyAMkana karane ke prayAsa prabhI chIna liyaa| hamArI kAmanA hai ki unake jIvana se prArambha nahIM haye / deza ke vartamAna gaNyamAnya pUrA- preraNA lekara hama unake kAryAnvayana kAzIghra hI statva vizAradoM se unakI ghaniSTatA ke phalasvarUpa prayAsa kreN| - saba logoM kI praucitya kI dhAraNA eka sI nahIM hotii| + ghaTanA kA jo pahalU bAhara se dikhAI detA hai vahI usakA pUrNa rUpa nahIM hotA / + vipatti meM rAhagIra ko bhI prAzraya diyA jAtA hai| -bAbU jI kI gAyarI se

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zraddhAspada bAbU jI nIraja jaina jAta pATha varSa pahale kI bAta hai| pUjya varNI jI zAradA prasAda jI se jaba isakI carcA huI taba bAba "kI jayantI para unakI caraNa raja lene hama loga choTelAla jI kA mAnoM eka nayA hI paricaya mujhe IsarI gaye the| jaba taka bAbA jI IsarI prAthama meM milaa| isI bIca bhAI amaracanda ke mAdhyama se kucha rahe taba taka prativarSa unake janma dina para eka acchA aura unheM jAnA aura kalakattA meM jaba pahalI bAra khAsA melA vahA~ laga jAtA thaa| usa varSa bhI unake ghara jAne kA avasara milA usake pUrva hI bhaktoM kI bhIr3abhAr3a khUba thI aura eka bar3e tathA unake sneha ko dhArA kA pravAha mere mana ko chU cukA sajjita paNDAla meM sabhA kA Ayojana thaa| thaa| sneha kI yaha saritA bAbU jI ke pAsa se dhArA pravAha hokara bahatI hI rahatI thii| na jAne kitanA rAtri meM usI sthAna para jaina tIrthoM ke sinemA gambhIra thA vaha ajasra srota jo itanI prAtmIyatA, slAiDa dikhAye jAne kI yojanA kI gaI aura usI anukampA aura sadbhAva kA udgama banA unakI kAryakrama meM sarvaprathama zrImAna bAbU choTelAla jI kA dUvarI deha ke kimI kone meM chipA thA / usake mAdhurya darzana mujhe prApta hyaa| ve projekTara para slAiDa kA, usakI zItalatA kA anubhava mere jaise aneka dikhalAte the aura unakA vivaraNa dhvani-vistAraka kRpA pAtroM ko samaya-samaya para hotA rahatA thaa| para prastuta karate jAte the / deza ke aneka prasiddha pUjya vargI jI ke ayamAna ke kucha samaya pUrva aura aprasiddha tIrthasthAnoM kI sundara aura mahattvapUrNa rakSA-bandhana ke dina kI bAta hai| maiM makuTumba IsarI vividha zilpa sAmagrI kI eka saMkSipta parantu avismaraNIya jhA~kI usa dina dekhane ko milii| bAbU meM thaa| bAbU jI pahile se vahA~ bAbA jI kI mevA meM maMlagna dhe| baccoM ne sAvana kA parva manAyA aura choTelAla jI kI prasiddhi aura unake nAma ke biTiyA kI eka rAkhI mero kalAI taka pahuMca gii| "bAta" zabda kA prAdhAra lekara unakI bahuta 'Tipa hama mava magana the para marI palalI kucha nyUnatA kA TApa' aura bhArI-bharakama zarIra ko kalpanA maine kara anubhava kara rahI thii| vAcU jI kI anubhavI dRSTi se rakhI thI, para usake ekadama viparIta ikaharI deha para usakI vaha udAmI chipI na raha sakI aura eka sAdhAraNa dhotI kamIja kA pahirAvA aura pragAgha pyAra bharA prAdeza dekara tatkAla unhoMne merI patnI jJAna-garimA ke bAvajUda atyanta sahaja aura namratA meM na kevala rAkhI baMdhavAI varan ucita sambodhana bharA vyavahAra pAkara mujhe kucha aura hI anubhava dekara usakI anamanaskatA bhI do hI kSaNa meM dUra humaa| usa varSa unako vyastatA (yA apanI paravazatA) ke kAraNa yadyapi vaha paricaya parokSa hI krdii| eka bAra bhAI pramaracanda satanA mA rahe the| unake hAtha bAbu jI ne hama logoM ke liye kalakattA rahA parantu zraddhAspada vyaktiyoM kI tAlikA jo mere mAnasa-paTala para thI usameM yaha eka nAma aura usa se kucha grAma bheje / banAyA gayA ki bar3I ruci pUrvaka do tIna prakAra ke grAma svayaM pasanda karake dina aMkita ho gyaa| unhoMne kharIde the aura na kevala una grAmoM ke nAma satanA lauTakara rAmavana prAzrama ke saMsthApaka varan unake pakane ke hisAba se unheM upayoga meM lAne aura vindhya-kSetra ke ekameva purAtatyAnveSaka bAbU ke liye dina tathA tArIkhoM taka kI hidAyata unake

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bayAnA jaina samAja ko bAbUjI kA apUrva sahayoga kapUracandra narapatyelA mAna 1928 I0 meM bayAnA jaina samAja dinAMka tinake ke sahAre ke samAna baMgAla-bihAra-ur3IsA 6-1228 se 1-12-28 taka "rathotsava digambara jaina tIrtha kSetra kameTI ke maMtrI zrImAna vAba melA" karane kI bharatapura marakAra se svIkRti choTe lAla jI jaina kalakattA kA tana-mana-dhana se prApta kara cukA thaa| mele kI samasta taiyAriyAM pUrNa sahayoga dene kA AzvAsana prApta hubhA / isa bar3e samAroha aura dhamadhAma se kI jA cukI thii| prAzvAsana ke prApta hote hI hama logoM meM usI kintu samAja virodhI tatvoM ke kAraNa isameM prakAra zakti jAgRta ho gaI jaise ki lakSmaNa jI meM saphalatA nahIM mila sakI thii| vizalyA ke sparza se huI thii| praba kyA thA hama dhImAn choTelAlajI kalakattA melA na hone meM hamArI pAMvoM tale jamIna ke isa prasAdhAraNa bala aura sahayoga ko pAkara khisaka gaI / hama kiMkartavya vimUr3ha ho gaye / hamArA mukadamA lar3ane meM pUrNa rUpa se suTa pdd'e| kalakattA samasta utsAha eka uphAna kI taraha thor3I hI dera meM aura bayAnA ke bIca bar3A phAsalA hai| magara bAbUjI ThaMDA ho gyaa| hameM cAroM ora ghora andhakAra ho ne isa phAmale ko miTA diyaa| unake aura hamAre andhakAra dikhAI dene lgaa| hamAre liye apane isa ghora apamAna ko bardAzta karanA asahA ho gayA bIca prati dina tAroM, patroM, rajisTarDa patroM aura pArmalA evaM samAcAra patroM dvArA vArtAlApa hotA aura isaliye tatkAla hI hamane rathotsava na hone dene vAlI ghaTanA ko dharma aura samAja para kalaMka laganA __ thaa| hama yahI mAlUma na par3A ki bAbUjI hamAre pAsa na hokara kalakattA meM raha rahe haiN| mApane hameM samajha kara mukadamA lar3ane kA nizcaya kara liyaa| yaha pUrNa vizvAsa dilA diyA ki yaha vipati mAnoM lekina mukadamA dAyara karane ke pazcAt hameM mAlUma par3A ki hamArI paristhiti bar3I hI kamajora aura hama para na pAkara svayaM bAbUjI hI para pAI hai| dayanIya hai / jainetara samAja ke sanmukha saphalatA hama apane sAtha aise udAra-tyAgI-karmaThamilanA aAkAza kusuma tor3anA hai| jaise mukha ke sevAbhAvI, paradaHkhahartA, parama vidvAna, dharmAtmAprandara battIsa dAMtoM se ghirI huI jIbha rahatI hai usI karmavIra aura mahAna utsAhI vyakti ko pAkara prakAra hama bhI una ke bIca meM ghire hae the| hama nihAla ho gye| apane kamajora pairoM ko dekha kara burI taraha ghabar3A utthe| pAkhira, hamane samasta jaina samAja ke kagaMdhAroM prApane isa mukadame ke sambandha meM hameM jo se apanI dukhabharI apIla kI tathA samAja se sahayoga sahAyatA dI vaha nimna prakAra hai :--- dene kI mAMga kI / lekina bigar3I meM kauna kisakA 1-duHkha aura nirAzA ke bhayaMkara garta se hameM sAthI hotA hai| hameM kahIM se bhI sahayoga na milaa| nikAla kara prApane samaya samaya para hamArA utsAha usa samaya hameM jo marmAntaka pIr3A ho rahI thI use varddhana kiyA evaM hameM apanI pramUlya sammati dete hama hI bAna rahe the / kintu acAnaka hI hovo ko rahane kI mahAna kRpA kii|

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bayAnA jaina samAja ko bAbUjI kA apUrva sahayoga 2--Apane jaina evaM bharjana zrImAnoM, dhImAnoM, netAoM, padAdhikAriyoM, bakIla-risTaroM maura sampAdakoM se hamArA sambandha sthApita karAkara unheM hameM sahayoga dene ko bAdhya kiyaa| 3 -- bharatapura rAjya ke dIvAna sAhaba kI sevA meM jaina-arjanoM kI tarapha se kAphI saMkhyA meM sthAna sthAna se tAra evaM mahatvapUrNa patra bhijavAye / 4 -- hindI, urdU aura pragrejI ke anekoM patroM meM Apane rathotsava ko virodhiyoM dvArA roke jAne para isake virodha meM anekoM jaina-arjana vidvAnoM, netAoM evaM padAdhikAriyoM dvArA lekhAdi prakAzita karAye / 5- hindU mahAsabhA ke kAryakartAyoM se samparka sthApita karake Apane hamAre isa rathotsava ke sambandha meM eka mahAna mahatvapUrNa dhaura upayogI prastAva hindU mahAsabhA ke sUrata adhivezana meM pAsa kraayaa| 6hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM "bayAnA kAMDa" nAmaka eka mahAna mahatvapUrNa aura saphalatAprada TraeNkTa chAvAkara virodhiyoM meM bNttvaayaa| 7- bharatapura rAjya ke dIvAna sAhaba se milane ke liye jaina samAja ke zrImantoM va vidvAna bairisTaro kA eka ziSTa-maNDala taiyAra karAyA / 8- hamAre isa mukadame sambandhI samasta kAgajAta zrImAn bAnU bhajItaprasAdajI vakIla lakhanaU evaM vidyA vAziSa jaina darzana divAkara bairisTara campatarAyajI sAhaba ke pAsa bhijavAye / jinako dekhakara donoM mahAnubhAvoM ne hameM mukadamA lar3ane ke bAre meM ucita parAmarza diyaa| / E-hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM prabhAvazAlI paimphaleTa chapavAkara virodhiyoM meM samaya samaya para vitaraNa karavAye / 25 bharatapura evaM bayAnA dhAye para isa mukadame ke sambandha meM samasta jAnakArI prApta kI / Apane hamAre yahA~ ke rathotsava nikalavAne ke sambandha meM jo prayatna kiye va parizrama kiyA evaM hameM tana-mana-dhana se jo sahayoga diyA vaha kahane aura likhane meM pAne vAlI bAta nahIM hai| samaya samaya para Apake hameM anekoM patra prApta huye jinameM kucha patroM kA saMkSipta sAra meM isaliye de rahA hU~ ki loga yaha jAna jAya ki ApakA dharma va samAja ke prati kitanA agAdha prema va sevA bhAva thA tathA maiMne Upara jo kucha bhI Apake viSaya meM likhA hai vaha kahA~ taka ucita hai | dinAMka 16-2-26 ke patra meM Apane hameM nisA rathotsava sthagita hone ke mamaM bhedo samA cAroM ke bAre meM maine dhApase bhAvazyaka bAteM pUcha thiiN| nihAyata seda kI bAta hai ki abhI taka prApakA kisI prakAra kA uttara nahIM milA hai| kaI patroM meM lekha nikala cuke haiM aura prayatna karane se jaina jIvana para yaha ghora kalaMka dUra ho sakatA hai|" dinAMka 20 -2-26---" pratApa kAnapura, jaina mitra, kRSNa sandeza Adi Adi patroM meM prathama lekha prakAzita karAyA gayA hai| hama prApake sahayoga se aura prabala bhAndolana kara sakeMge / isa sambandha meM kauna aisA jainI hogA jisakA hRdaya dukha se na bharA ho isa rASTrIyatA aura saMgaThanavAda ke yuga meM jaina janatA para yaha atyAcAra dUra karane meM yadi Dhola kI jAyagI to bhArI aprabhAvanA kA kAraNa hogaa| mAmalA kevala bayAnA kA nahIM kintu sArI bharatapura sTeTa dhaura anya dveSa bhare sthAnoM meM aMna jAti ke dhArmika svatva rakSA se sambandha rakhatA hai| yaha kalaMka bayAnA ke sira para na rahe isake liye zrApa cintAzIla haiM yaha jAnakara santoSa hai| isa sambandha meM prakAra kI zakti bhara sevA karane 10. zrImAn bairisTara campatarAyajI, zrI rAma svapanI bhAratIya evaM anya netAoM ke sAtha svayaM Ahe hilera

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti graMtha / dinAMka 6-3-26-"maiM pApako vizvAsa hai usako jAnakara mahAsabhA apanA kheda prakaTa karatI dilAnA cAhatA hai ki hamArI kameTI aura hamArI hai tathA deza meM paraspara prema va saMgaThana kI samAja tana-mana-dhana se isa kArya meM sahAyatA prAvazyakatA dekhakara bayAnA ke hindU bhAIyoM se yaha karane ko taiyAra hai| mApa loga yahA~ kA pUrA bharosA anurodha karatI hai ki ve jainiyoM ke rathotsava va anya rkheN| sAtha sAtha bhApa loga bhI pUrI taraha kaTibaddha dhArmika kAryoM meM kisI prakAra kA virodha na raheM to saMsAra kI koI bhI zakti hamArI pavitra DAlakara hara taraha kI sahAnubhUti dikhAveM / hindU yAtrA ko nahIM roka skegii| pApa logoM kI rAya mahAsabhA ke maMtrI isa sambandha meM ucita yojanA pahile jora se prAndolana karane kI nahIM thI aura kreN|" ThIka bhI thA, nahI to maiM itane jora se prAndolana dinAMka 8-5-26-"yahA~ maiM yaha sUcanA kara ko uThAtA ki sAre bhArata meM hala cala maca jaatii| denA munAsiba samajhatA hU~ ki hameM zrI 1008 hindI-urdU akhabAroM meM to khUba likhA gayA hai, para jinendra bhagavAna kI savArI nikAlane kA janmasiddha abhI aMgrejI akhabAroM meM maiMne kucha bhI nahIM likhA pradhikAra hai aura usase raMca mAtra bhI haTanA apane hai / Aja bAbU ajItaprasAdajI kI rAya magA rahA pairoM meM kulhAr3I mAranA hogaa|" haiM phira joroM se isakI taiyArI kI jAyagI / dIvAna sAhaba ke pAsa aMgrejI kI ciTriyA~ sAre bhAratavarSa dinAMka 6-6-26-"prastu ima patra ko prApa se pahu~cAne kA prabandha kara rahA hai| sAtha hI sAtha tAra samajha kara turanta kucha sajjana zimalA padhAreM / jahA~ jahAM se aisI ciTTiyAM jAyeMgI unakI sUcanA vahA~ Apa logoM ko Thaharane prAdi kA kaSTa nahIM pApako bheja dI jaaygii|" hogA / prAzA hai. Apa loga yaha maukA aura dinAMka 17-3-26-"hindU netAoM ke pAsa bairisTara sAhaba kA sahayoga nahIM cuukeNge| saphalatA jo patra bheje gaye hai eka merI tarapha se dUsarA bAbU kI pUrI prAzA hai| kevala patroM se kucha lAbha nahIM ajItaprasAdajI kI tarapha se| unakI nakala kala hogaa| yahI mUrata kAmayAba hogI / vizeSa kyA mApako bheja dI jAyagI / inakA javAba mAne se likheN| pApa loga avazya ravAnA hokara sUcanA patroM meM prakAzita kiyA jAyagA aura mApako sUcita kara diyA jaayegaa|" dinAMka :-6-26-"hindu mahAsabhA ke pradhAna dinAMka 27-3-26-"mAja rAya bahAdura seTha maMtrI ne dIvAna sAhaba, juDIzala saMkreTarI sAhaba campAlAlajI, rAmasvarUpajI vyAvara, rA0pa0 seTha aura pulisa supari0 sAhaba ko jo khata ravAnA TIkamacandajI sonI ajamera aura sara seTa hukama kiye haiM unakI nakala pApakI sevA meM bhejI jAtI candajI indaura ko patra likha diye gaye haiN| hama isI hai| hamArI sammati meM praba acche majamUna kI prayala kI vizeSa ceSTA meM haiM ki kisI taraha ratha darakhyAsta banavAkara mahataM sudavAkara rathotsaba kI yAtrA nikala jAya / prAjJArtha punaH rAjya se nivedana karane kA samaya mA dinAMka 14-4-26-hindU netAoM ke pAsa gayA hai| prANa masaudA darakhvAsta kA mAnanIya patra bheje gaye the| inake phalasvarUpa hindU mahA sabhA vidyAvAridhi jaina darzana divAkara bairisTara campatarAya ne sUrata meM eka mata se nimnalikhita prastAva pAsa jI se banavAiyegA aura hindU mahAsabhA ke maMtrI jI kiyA hai : ke patra kI nakala bhI unake pAsa bheja diijiyegaa| 'bayAnA (bharatapura) ke sanAtanI hindU bhAIyoM acchA ho yadi pApa sAhaba meM se eka yogya sajjana niyoM ke rathotsava nikAlane meM jo vighna kiyA jarUrI kAgajAta lejAkara unase masavidA banavA leN|

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27 bayAnA jaina samAja ko bAbUjI kA bhapUrva sahayoga isa sambandha meM pApa zIghra kAryavAhI kareM aura hameM unake ba~Ta jAne ke 10-12 ghanTe bAda yaha noTisa turanta apane vicAra se sUcita kreN|" bhI jarUra jarUra bhijavA deN| prasiddha patra iMgaliza maina ne bhI hAla chApA hai| dinAMka 10-8-26-"kRpA kara 27 tArIkha taka rojAnA eka liphAphA bhejate rahiye, jisameM kaTiMga bhejate haiN|" nitya kA samAcAra mAlUma hotA rhe| yahAM iMgaliza dinAMka 26-8-26-"najIreM dikhAne ke liye kA baMgAlI eka prasida dainika patra hai| sarakAra bhI hamane eka sthAnIya bairisTara se taya kara liyA hai, isa patra kA khyAla karatI hai| isameM bayAna ke prApako likheMge / jo loga virodha ko pahu~ce hoM ve sambandha meM lekha chapA hai| sampAdaka ne bhI TippaNI ve hI hone cAhiye jo samaya samaya para prApako likhI hai / so prApake pAsa bhejate haiN| dhamakI dete rahe hoMge aura jinase apane ko khatarA ho sakatA hai| sAlabhara ina logoM ko neka calanI 15 tArIkha ke lIDara ne bhI isa sambandha meM ke rAja mucalake le le, aisI darakhvAsta phaujadArI "jainiyoM kA duHkha" zIrSaka sambAda chApA hai / " . adAlata meM prApako kara denI caahiye|" dinAMka 17-8-26-"aAja buka posTa se dinAMka 6-6-26-"zrI cAMdakaraNajI zAradA 25 va anarajisTarDa pArsala se 100 TraikTa ravAnA ko patra DAla diyA gayA hai aura prAzA hai usameM bhI kiye jAte haiM / khAsa khAsa virodhiyoM ke gharoM meM, apane ko saphalatA milegii|" dukAnoM meM jahA~ mile jaldI se jaldI pahuMcA deN|" prApake sabhI patra vistAra ke sAtha likhe haye haiN| kintu maine to kevala kucha patroM kI kucha paMktiyA~ hI dinAMka 20-8-26-"200 kApiyA~ kala dina rajisTarDa pArsala se aura bhejI haiN| hamane kAphI dene kA prayAsa kiyA hai| Apake adamya utsAha aura apAra sahayoga ko pAkara hI hamArI samAja kI saMkhyA meM chapAI haiM, so acchI taraha bAMTiyegA / eka bhI virodhI aisA na rahanA cAhiye jisa taka isakI vijaya huI aura zIghra hI hamAre yahA~ bar3e samAroha prati na phuNce|" aura dhUmadhAma ke sAtha jaina rathotsava melA huprA / bayAnA jaina samAja prApakI cira RNI hai / prApakI dinAMka 22-8-26-"prAja buka posTa se smRti svarUpa bhAratavarSIya jaina samAja kI pora se 200 vijJApana bheje haiN| dakTa mApane baMTavA diye jo graMtha nikAlA jA rahA hai vAstava meM hI ve usake hoNge| na ba~TavAye hoM to turanta baMTavA dIjiye aura adhikArI the|

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bA0 choTelAla jI aura syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya kailAzacandra zAstrI, vArANasI bAra choTelAlajI ke pitA seTha rAmajIbanajI * sarAvagI vidvAnoM ke bar3e premI the / unakA syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya vArANasI para asIma anurAga thA / mere vidyArthI jIvana kAla meM vidyAlaya ke chAtra saMskRta kI parIkSA dene prati varSa kalakattA jAte the / usa samaya seThajI saba chAtroM ko apane ghara para AmaMtrita karake prAtithya satkAra karate aura unheM kalakattA ghUmane ke liye apanI ghor3A gAr3I de dete the / jaba unakA svargavAsa hunA to unhoMne pAMca hajAra rupayA syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya ko pradAna kiyA / unake svargavAsa ke pazcAt unake suputroM kA vizeSataH bAbU choTelAlajI kA jIvana ke aMtima kSaraNa taka isa vidyAlaya para bahI anurAga rahA jaisA ki unake svargIya pitAjI kA thaa| uneka dvArA bAMdhI gaI 5) mAsika kI sahAyatA prati varSa barAbara AtI hai / ise prAte hue prAdhI zatAbdI bIta cukI hai / jaba inake eka bhAI seTha gulajArIlAlajI bImAra hue to bAbU choTelAlajI kI preraNA se unhoMne spAdvAda vidyAlaya ko 25000) rupayA pradAna kiyA thA / usI taraha dUsare bhAI seTha dInAnAthajI ne bAbU choTelAlajI kI preraNA se 15000 ) vidyAlaya ko pradAna kiyA thaa| ye to mukhya dAna haiN| samaya samaya para hajAra do hajAra kA dAna to kitanI hI bAra isa parivAra se milatA rahA hai / ataH syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya svargIya seTha rAmajIvanadAsajI aura unake kuTumba kA bar3A RNI hai / dAnavIra sAhU zAntiprasAdajI ke bAda vidyAlaya ko dAna dene vAloM meM dUsarA nambara isI parivAra kA hai / vidyAlaya ko kArya karate hue pacAsa varSa pUrNa hone para jaba svarNajayantImahotsava manAne kA vicAra maiMne bAbU choTelAlajI para prakaTa kiyA to ve prasannatA se tatkAla sahamata ho gaye aura kalakattA meM mere sAtha ghara ghara ghUmakara unhoMne lagabhaga paccIsa hajAra kA candA kraayaa| sAhU zAntiprasAdajI, seTha gajarAjajI, seTha mizrIlAlajI kAlA prAdi ko preraNA dI aura sammeda zikhara para pUjya kSullaka zrI gaNezaprasAdajI vargIjI kI chatra chAyA meM vidyAlaya kA svarNa jayantI mahotsava zAna se huA tathA vidyAlaya ko eka lAkha se bhI adhika rupayoM kI sahAyatA prApta huii| usa mahotsava ke svAgata maMtrI 'bAbU choTelAlajI hI the| svAsthya ke pratyanta kharAba va kamajora hote hue bhI unhoMne jo zIta Rtu meM rAta dina zrama kiyA use meM kaise bhUla sakatA hU~ / hAr3a cAma ke mU se kalevara meM aisI dRr3ha nizcayo, vidyA aura sAhitya kI premI grAtmA kA pravAsa dekhakara mastaka zraddhA se nata ho jAtA thaa| bAbU choTelAlajo jaisA vyaktitva durlabha haiM / prazaMsA prAkAMkSA se sarvathA dUra rahakara kArya karanA unako vizeSatA thI / kahAvata hai-guNa nA hirAno guuires hirAno hai| kintu bAbu choTelAlajI sacce guNagrAhI the| aise AdaraNIya vyaktitva kA sammAna karane vAle svayaM sammAnita hote haiM / isameM koI pratizayokti nahIM hai /

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bAbU choTelAla jI jaina ( bAMye); zrI zivarAma mUrti DAirekTara janaralamA calojikala DipArTamenTa (bIca meM) tathA zrI TI. ena. rAmacandrana (dAeM) ke sAtha

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bAbUjI kI madhura smRtiyAM svAmI satyabhakta karIba tetIsa varSa purAnI bAta hai / maiM una dinoM bAbUjI ne pAzcarya se kahA-pAMca varSa ! yaha bambaI meM rahatA thA aura subaha tAradeva se to bahuta lambA samaya hai / jIvana kA kyA ThikAnA ! paupATI pUmane jAyA karatA thA / vahI seTha tArAcanda mANake ye vicAra Apake sAtha hI samApta ra jo kA baMgalA thaa| seTha tArAcanda mI mere hara pAndo- to yaha to samAja kI bar3I hAni hogii| lana meM sahayogI rahe the, aura pIche to ye satya maiMne kahA---yaha to ThIka hai / parantu pAja taka samAjI bhI bana gaye the isaliye unase kAphI ghaniSThatA jo bhI prAndolana mene kiye hai ve tabhI kiye haiM jaba thI aura isI nAte kucha samaya unase gapazapa bhI ho anta taka samarthana karane kI kSamatA apane meM jAyA karatI thii| eka dina jaba maiM unake yahA~ gayA dekhalI hai| to yahA~ bAba choTelAlajI bhI baiThe the| eka dUsare kA bAbUjI bole-yaha to ThIka hai| parantu koI parokSa paricaya to thA hI, ekAdha bAra milanA bhI bAta samAja meM vicAra karane ke liye peza karane meM ho gayA thA, para nikaTa paricaya kA yaha pahilA hI kyA burAI hai ! prApa ghoSita kara deM ki ye vicAra prabasara thaa| bAbU choTelAlajI ne kucha prazna puuch| mere nizcita yA antima vicAra nahIM hai kintu satya maiMne kahA-eka jaina paMDita kI haisiyata se pracalita kI khoja ke liye vicAraNIya sAmagrI ke rUpa meM mAnyatA ke anusAra uttara dUM yA merA jo svataMtra haiN| ina para jo carcA hogI usake AdhAra se cintana hai usake anusAra uttara dU / mApane kahA- nizcita vicAra baneMge' isa prakAra kI ghoSaNA karake pracalita mAnyatA ke anusAra to uttara bahuta muna aApa apane vicAra samAja ke sAmane rkhdeN| cukA hU~ prApakA svataMtra cintana hI munanA cAhatA huuN| isake bAda sarvajatA, utmapiMgI pravasarpiNI, jaina ___ meM kucha dera socatA rahA / svIkAratA hU~ ki na dharma kI prAcInatA, jaina purANoM kA rUpa mAdi para hU~ isI cintA meM rahA ki prApane phira jora diyaa| anta meM maiMne svIkAratA dedI / kaI ghaMTe carcA hotI rahI aura maiMne apane vicAra ni saMkoca bhAva me rakhava / carcA ke upasaMhAra meM ve mia svIkAratA korA ziSTAcAra na thii| usake bole-aApake pAsa aise asAdhAraNa vicAroM kA pIche bar3I bhArI jimmedArI thii| dina rAta kI ghora sajAnA hai para aAphna use chipA kyo rakkhA hai ? tapasyA, jaina samAja meM nindA aura virodha kA ___ maiMne kahA- ye vicAra jaina samAja ke liye itane / tUphAna, naukarI se chur3AyA jAnA, jIvikA kI cintA, bImAra patnI ke sAtha yaha saba bojha uThAnA, kAntikArI haiM ki inase sAre samAja meM tahalakA itanA saba bavaMDara usa svIkAratA ke pIche thA jo maca jAyagA / jaina samAja-khAsakara jaina paMDina-mujha bAda meM saba sahana karanA par3A para isase jIvana nikhara para TUTa pdd'eNge| aisI avasthA meM mujhe saba kA gyaa| jisa devatA ke caraNoM para yaha jIvana caDhamA sAmanA karanA pdd'egaa| isaliye meM apane ina vicAroM cAhiye thA vahIM car3ha gayA, jIvana saphala ho gyaa| para itanA manana cintana kara lenA cAhatA hU~ ki jisase meM unake sAmane Tika skuu| isaliye meM ina agara usa dina bAbU choTelAlajI se yaha parvA para pAMca varSa aura cintana karanA cAhatA huuN| na hotI aura unhoMne mujha se svIkAratA na lelI hotI

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti pratha to bhI satyasamAja sthApita hotA, kyoMki san 24 2-dAna ke liye anurodha prAgraha prAdi kI meM hI isa prakAra kA saMkalA apanI DAyarI meM likhA apekSA nahIM karate the| thA parantu usameM pAMca varSa kI aura kadAcita dasa 3-dAna ke liye unheM apane nagara Adi kA varSa kI dera hotI aura isa samaya bheda se kauna kauna moha nahIM thA / jahA~ bhI kahIM janasevA kI dRSTi se sI ghaTanAeM ghaTatI kaha nahIM sktaa| hA~ ! itanI upayogitA dikhasI ki unane zakti bhara dAna diyaa| bAta to nizcita hai ki satya sAdhanA kI tapasyA ke 4-dAna ko ve upakAra nahIM samajhate the kintu liye itane varSa kama mile hote / aura isakA hisAba adhika dhana paidA karane meM jo thor3A bahuta pApa ho jaba meM prAja dekhatA hU~ taba satya sAdhanA kI zIghratA jAtA hai usakA prAyazcita samajhate the| ke liye bAbU choTelAlajI ne jo preraNA dI usakA 5-dAna dene para nAma prakaTa honA cAhiye, mUlyAMkana bahuta UMcA hotA hai / unakA citra nikalanA cAhiye, unakI tArIpha chapanI usa samaya na unheM patA thA, na spaSTa rUpa meM cAhiye, isa prakAra kA koI bhAva ve prakaTa nahIM mujhe patA thA ki isakA paryavamAna satya samAja kI karate the| sthApanA meM hogaa| para unakI preraNA amogha sAbita huI / unake jIvana ke aneka puNya kAryoM meM yaha ye vizeSatAeM bahuta kama dAniyoM meM pAI jAtI bhI eka mahAna puNya kA kArya thA / haiM / satyAdhama ko unase bIsa hajAra se bhI adhika pavitratama dAna rupayoM kA dAna prApta huA hai / aura yaha saba binA mAMge yA binA kisI preraNA ke humA hai| durbhAgya isa deza meM lAkhoM dAnI paDe haiM aura ve lAkhoM yA saubhAgya se maiM dAna mAMgane meM bahuta kaccA hU~ / rupayoM kA dAna karate haiN| parantu adhikAMza dAna sAdhAraNata; satyAzrama ke liye kabhI kisI se mAMgA kisI na kisI taraha kalaMkita rahate haiN| koI dAnI nahIM huuN| phira bhI samaya samaya para binA mAMge hI apane nagara meM hI dAna karate hai aura dAna kI bAbU choTelAlajI se hajAroM rupayA milatA rahA hai| haI sampati ke pUrNa saMcAlaka bane rahakara usa dAna ke ThIka upayoga meM bAdhaka bane rahate haiN| koI sirpha eka bAra, san 45 meM, jaba ve vardhA prAye taba mAna pratiSThA kharIdane ke liye dAna karate haiM, arthAt dama hajAra rupaye kA DrAphTa mere nAma kA lete paaye| pratiSThA kA mUlya cukAte hai| koI koI to aise maiMne kahA-itanI bar3I rakama pApa lAyeMge isakI to hote haiM ki unakI mAna pratiSThA meM kucha kamI raha maiMne kalpanA bhI nahIM kI thii| bole-pApake patroM kI jAya to dAna kI rakama roka lete haiN| koI dAna phIsa bhI to nahI hai| kI upayogitA kA vicAra hI nahIM karate jahA~ ho sakatA hai ki mere patroM meM unheM kucha prAnanda adhika vAhavAhI milatI ho vahIM dAna dete haiN| koI milA ho. mana ko sAntvanA milI ho, para hara dina bhikSuSoM ke anurodha se vivaza hokara dAna dete haiN| dasa pAMca patra ghasITane vAlA meM hajAroM patra likha isa prakAra dAna meM nAnA taraha kI apavitratAeM haiN| cukA hai, aura unameM bhI aneka patra vaise mahatvapUrNa parantu bAbU choTalAlajA ka dAna maya apAvatratAe raheM hoMge parantu isa taraha mere patroM kI phIsa sukAne kabhI nahIM dikhAI dIM / unake dAna kI ye vizeSatAe~ vAlI kitane haiM / yaha saba bAbU choTelAlajI kI asAdhAraNa kRtajJatA, udAratA, dAnazIlatA kA 1-janahita kI upayogitA dekhakara hI ve dAna / pariNAma haiM / sacamuca unako dAnazIlatA pavitratama karate the| thii| jo unase kaI guNA dAna karane vAloM meM bhI

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bahumUlya anurodha nahIM pAI jAtI / yoM unakA dAna bhI kama nahIM hai / lAkhoM para to pahu~cA hI huA hai / unake dAna meM eka vizeSatA aura thI ki dAna dene para phira usa rakama se moha nahIM rakhA jAtA na usa rakama vo apane upayoga meM lAyA jAtA hai / yA to vaha rakama jahAM ke liye hotI vahIM pahu~cA dI jAtI, yA prantana karake usakA vyAja cAlU kara diyA jAtA / dAna kI yaha ImAnadArI bhI asAdhA hai| 31 hI pracche vidvAna bhI the pragrejI ke lekhaka bhI the / phira bhI unheM kisI bAta kA abhimAna nahI thA / zrAtmagaurava kA pUrA dhyAna rakhate hue bhI ve bar3e vinIta the| kaI bAra mere kalakattA prAne para bImAra rahane para bhI ve svAgata ke liye sTezana para Aye / jaba satyAzrama bhAye taba meM vidA karane ke liye sTezana taka sAtha calane lagA para unane kisI taraha na mAne diyA / tAMge meM isa taraha sAmAna jamA diyA ki meM pahu~cane ke liye tAMge meM baiTha bhI na skuuN| sabhI ke sAtha unakA yathocita vinIta vyavahAra thA / itane zrImAna vidvAna aura dAnI hone para bhI unakI aisI vinItatA asAdhAraNa thI / vinayazIlatA bAbU choTelAlajI, zrImAna the dAnI the, sAtha deva Ter3hA ho to AdamI kI caturAI kAma nahIM detI / asaMbhava ghaTanA bhI taba saMbhava ho ghaTa jAtI hai / X X X manuSya jhUTha ke sAtha samajhautA karake jIvana kI kinanI sampadA naSTa kara DAlatA hai / X X 5 frer aura vyavahAra meM matabheda hote hue bhI kisI para zraddhA kI jA sakatI hai / X X X se grahaNa kiye hue duHkha ko aizvarya ke samAna bhogA jA sakatA hai| X X X bahu parigraha ke bhItara jIvana tuddha hone lagatA hai / duHkha dainya aura abhAva meM se gujara kara manuSya kA caritra mahAna aura satya ho jAtA hai| X X X saMsAra meM apane parAye kA jo vyavahAra cala rahA hai vaha artha hIna hai| yahA~ na koI apanA hai na praayaa| yaha koI nahIM jAnatA ki saMsAra ke isa mahA samudra ke pravAha meM par3akara kauna kahA~ se bahatA huA pAsa bhA jAtA hai aura kauna bahakara dUra calA jAtA hai|" - bAbU jI kI DAyarI se

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purAtatva premI bAbUjI zAradA prasAda pAsanA ke zrI choTelAla mAravAr3I kA apanA itanA rupayA nahIM hai ki isako kharIda sake / maiM puztainI gharopA thA / unakI laDakI kA mApase bhikSA mAMgatA hai| maiMne usara diyA, "maiMne to vivAha kalakattA ke zrI lAlabanda jaina ke sAtha ise apane liye saMgraha kiyA hai / " "to pApa badalA hmaa| maiM apane moTara ke vyApAra krama meM bahudhA kara lIjiye / saMgrahAlaya meM pradarzita saba mUtiyA~ kalakattA jAyA karatA thA aura nAte ke apane Apane dekhI haiM / godAma kI bhI dekha lIjiye / pitAmaha ke yahA~ muktArAma bAbU sTrITa meM ThaharA inameM se koI bhI do bhApa le lIjiye aura yaha hameM karatA thaa| samIpa hI cittaraMjana evenyU meM thI de dIjiye / " unhoMne kahA godAma dekhane kA lAlacanda kA ghara thaa| hara yAtrA meM inase bheMTa avasara cUkanA to aba ucita thA hI nahI / jAkara hotI thI / inhone hI apane bar3e bhAI bAbU maine dekhA vahA~ bhI bharahuta kI mUrtiyAM rakhI haiN| choTelAlajI jaina se bheMTa karA dii| bahuta mUrtiyAM thI godAma meN| inheM pradarzita karane purAtatva meM unakI vizeSa abhiruci thI aura kA sthAna bhavana meM nahIM thA / zrI majumadAra sAhaba eka eka mUti dikhalA kara kahate the pApa yaha meM prAcIna mUttiyoM kA saMgraha kara hI rahA thaa| hara yAtrA meM unase milane lgaa| sama abhiruci ke| le lIjiye, yaha le liijiye| maiMne kahA, "prApa to svayaM hI svIkAra kara rahe haiM ki prApake yahAM saMgrahita viSayoM para vArtAlApa hotA thaa| kinhIM do mUrtiyoM se merI mUrti zreSTha hai / " "bAbU purAtattva premI ke liye kalakattA kA jAdUghara choTelAlajI ne kahA, ye svayaM premI haiM, deMge nhiiN|" taba (saMgrahAlaya) to eka tIrtha svarUpa hI hai / hara yAtrA zrI majumadAra sAhaba ne anya prasaMgoM para bAteM kI / meM maiM vahA~ jAne kA avasara nikAlatA hI thaa| eka isake padayAt bAbU sAhaba ke darzana nahIM mile bAra bAbU choTelAlajo mujhe apane mAtha vahA~ para zrI nIraja jaina se yaha jAnakara saMtoSa humA ki le gaye / unakA pUrNa paricaya tatkAlIna supariNTeNDeTa zrI ena0 jI0 majumadAra se thaa| ve mujhe bhUle nhiiN| hama loga unase mile / maine apane saMgraha kI kucha unake prAkasmika dehAvasAna ke kAraNa unake mUttiyoM ke phoTo unheM dikhalAye / bharahuta ke cakkara punadarzana kI kAmanA yoM hI raha gii| prabhu se ko dekhakara ve uchala par3e / jhukakara donoM hAtha mere prArthanA hai ki unako prAtmA ko zAMti evaM sadgati sAmane pasAra diye / "bhArata sarakAra ke pAsa lAbha ho /

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smaraNAJjali pro0 DaoN0 rAjArAma jaina M.A. Ph.D., ArA nAma to chuTapana se hI suna rakhA thA kintu san 1954 ke navambara yA disambara mAsa meM jJAnodaya (mAsika) kA sahAyaka sampAdaka hokara jaba kalakatte meM rahane kA suavasara mujhe milA taba maiMne pUjya bAbUjI ke pratyakSa darzana kiye the / kalakatte jaisI vizAla, pratyanta vyasta evaM vaibhavapUrNa nagarI ko dekhane, naukarI karane evaM rahane kA yaha merA sarvaprathama avasara thaa| kalakatte kI bhIr3abhAr3a meM bhI maiM akelepana kA anubhava kiyA karatA thaa| vahAM ke jIvana se Ubakara meM zIghra hI bhAgane kI soca rahA thA ki mahamA hI mujhe bAbUjI ke kalakattA nivAsa kA smaraNa ho dhAyA aura atyanta saMkoca bhAva se unake ghara begachiyA pahu~cA phoTo kI raunaka, apanI daridratA tathA eka raIsa ke sambhAvita upekSA pUrNa vyavahAra kI kalpanA karake dastaka dene kA mAhama na kara sakA aura daravAje se meM vApisa lauTane ko hI thA ki bAbUjI kisI kAryavaza bAhara nikale aura mujhe dekha merA paricaya pUchane lage / merI sAmAnya jAnakArI prApta kara ve mujhe bhItara le gaye aura sarvaprathama bhojana karane kA prAdeza diyaa| mujhe svIkRti sUcaka sira hilAne ke alAvA zraura koI cArA hI na rhaa| vaise meM svabhAvataH hI saMkocI hU~, kintu unakI prAsmIyatA se merA sArA saMkoca kAphUra ho gayA aura tabhI se meM unheM 'bAbUjI' kahakara pukArane lagA / kalakatte meM unake paricaya ke bAda jo 5-6 mAha raha sakA, vaha mAtra unake sneha evaM prema ke kAraNa hI, anyathA meM zAyada hI vahA~ raha pAtA meM kyA khAtA hU~, kahA~ khAtA / hU~, kahA~ rahatA hai, ghara ke loga kahA~ haiM, mAphisa se lauTakara bAkI samaya kA kyA upayoga karatA hU~, kyA par3hA karatA hU~, Adi prazna ve mujha se karate aura mere utaroM se yadi unheM santoSa nahIM hotA to tajjanya parezAnI unake mAthe se spaSTa jhalakane lgtii| maiM apanA saubhAgya mAnatA hU~ ki kalakata jaisI svArthapUrNa nagarI meM unhoMne mujhe pitRvat sneha. guruvat jJAna aura vayovRddha hone ke nAte patha pradarzana evaM AzIrvAda diyA / sAdhanahIna jijJAsu navayuvaka ke hRdaya para vijaya prApta karane ke liye aura kyA cAhiye ? san 1955-56 meM jaba meM gavarnameNTa kAleja zahaDola (vindhyapradeza ) meM hindI prAdhyApakA meM soca rahA thA ki sthAnAntarita hone ke bAda bAbUjI mujhe bhUla cuke hoNge| ataH hamArA patravyavahAra banda ho gyaa| pracAnaka hI eka dina dekhatA hU~ ki posTa mAphisa kI kitanI hI sIla muharoM se ThukA-piTA eka patra mujhe milaa| par3hane para meM zarma se jhuka gyaa| vaha patra bAbUjI kA thA jisameM mujhe hitacitApUrNa ulAhane evaM DAMTa-phaTakAra ke bAda merI pragati prAdi ke sambandha meM jAnakArI cAhI gaI thii| samAja ke udIyamAna navayuvakoM ke prati aisA sneha thA unakA muprasiddha subhASita grantha bajja laggaM kI yaha ukti unake Upara kitanI phalatI hai:-- dUradviyA na dUraM sajja citArApuva miliyANaM / gayATThiyo vi cando suNin kuzAda kumuyAgAM // kaso umgamai ravI katto visanti paMkayavaNAI | suragANA jattha neho na cala dUraTTiyAraNaM pi // san 1956 se 61 taka rAjakIya prAkRta zoSa saMsthAna vaizAlI mujaphpharapura ke sevAkAla meM to merA unase nirantara patra vyavahAra rahA aura pitA evaM guru ke samAna sadaiva hI mujhe unakA pathapradarzana milatA rahA, kintu mujhe isa bAta kA nirantara dukha banA rahA ki kaI bAra unakA prAdeza milane para bhI meM unase dUsarI bAra bheMTa na kara sakA /

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34 bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti graMtha prataH 28 / 29-12-63 ko jaina siddhAnta bhavana kI hIraka jayantI ke avasara para dhArA meM punaH unase bheMTa huI to unakI zArIrika sthiti dekhakara atyanta khinna ho uThA / ve svayaM usase parezAna the| bole| bhAI, prApa logoM ke dhAgraha ko na TAla sakA, mataH prasamartha hote hue bhI yahA~ jisa kisI prakAra prA gayA hU~, aba sambhavataH kalakala se bAhara jAne kA yahI bhAtirI avasara hogaa| nahIM kaha sakatA ki kaba meM jagata se vidA ho jAU~ / lambI sAMsa khIMcane 'jAU~ / lambI sAMsa khIMcane ke sivAya aura kucha na bola skaa| bhAI badrIprasAda jI paTanA zrAdi kaI sajjana vahA~ baiThe the / vAtAvaraNa itanA gambhIra ho uThA ki koI bhI pratyuttara meM kucha kaha na sakA / dhArA-pravAsa meM ve zrI jaina bAlA vizrAma meM Thahare the / kalakattA vApisa lauTane ke pUrva meM punaH unase bheMTa karane gyaa| bAtacIta ke daurAna mere zodha prabandha kI bAta chir3a gaI / mahAkavi raghU kI racanAoM ke paricaya ke prasaMga meM maiMne sacitra "jasahara cariu (yazopara caritra) kI hastalikhita grantha kI carcA unase kii| yaha bhI batAyA ki sAdhanAbhAva meM meM usakI phoTo kApI bhI nahIM karA sakA hU~ yaha sunakara ve bar3e cintita ho gaye / turanta hI mujhe paTanA calane kA Adeza diyA / yadyapi tatkAla kArya honA sambhava na huA haphtoM bAda thor3A sA huA, kintu mUla preraNA unhIM kI thI jo dhAja mere adhyayana kara sakane lAyaka vaha prati bana sakI / pharavarI 1965 meM acAnaka hI mujhe zAntiniketana (baMgAla) jAnA par3A, tabhI socA ki kalakatte meM tIrthasvarUpa pUjya bAbUjI se bhI bheMTa karatA calUM / unake ghara pahu~cA to mAlUma par3A ki lagabhaga chaha mAha se unakI sthiti bahuta hI kharAba hai / haphtoM se cArapAI se nIce nahIM utara sake haiN| unake kamare meM praviSTa huA to dekhA ki ve takiye ke bala para jhuke baiThe the, prayAsa karane para bhI lagabhaga mApe ghaNTe taka eka bhI zabda na bola ske| jaba kucha tAkata bhAI taba kuzalavRtta pUchane ke bAda unase mere zodha-prabandha kI carcA huii| maiMne kucha sUcanAe~ unase cAhIM / merI jijJAsA zAnta karane hetu patA nahIM unameM kahA~ se bala bhA gyaa| ve turanta hI palaMga se nIce utare, bagala ke kamare se cAbhiyoM kA gucchA khojA aura apane adhyayana kakSa meM pahu~ca kara AlamArI kholI evaM zodha patrikAe~, itihAsa grantha, riporTasa yAdi eka ke bAda eka nikAlakara lage mujhe sUcanAeM dene merA dhyAna upalabdha sAmagrI kI / aura utanA adhika na thA jitanA bAbUjI ke acAnaka prApta zakti evaM utsAha kI thora / ve bole" zrApako zrAzcarya kyoM ho rahA hai ? meM bhAratIya saMskRti, sAhitya evaM purAtattva kA pujArI huuN| inakI maiMne satat sevA kI hai aura inakI sevA ke liye hI meM abhI kucha samaya aura jIvita rahanA cAhatA hU~ / mujhe yadi koI bacchA sahayogI mile to meM punaH kucha zodha kArya prArambha karanA cAhatA hU~ / sAhitya sevA evaM purAtatvAtyepaNa mere parama abhiruci ke viSaya haiN| ina kAryoM meM DUbane se merI jIvanI pAti meM vRddhi hotI hai / " vRddhayuvA bAbUjI ke jIvana kA yaha gUr3ha rahasya mujhe usI dina jJAta huaa| meM avAk raha gayA / - - zraddhaya bAjI samAja, sAhitya evaM purAtatva kI amUlya nidhi the| samAja meM jaba bhI koI Andolana huA, saMgharSa chir3A, yojanA banI athavA kahIM koI prakAna mAdi par3A, ve usake dhaguSoM meM rahate / sevA kI lagana ne unheM ArAma harAma banA diyA thaa| navayuvakoM ke ve sacce hitaiSI the| sAptapadIna maMtrI kA nirvAha bhI ve bar3e hI uttaradAyitva ke sAtha karate the| sarasvatI kA varadahasta to una para thA hI, lakSmI ko bhI aTUTa kRpA una para thii| sarasvatI aura lakSmI kA aisA apUrva samanvaya unheM milA thaa| unake bhAgya para kisI ko bhI IrSyA ho sakatI thii| ve saccI zraddhA ke pAtra the / unakI pavitra smRti meM zraddhA ke ye kucha sumana bheMTa car3hA rahA hU~ /

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lakSmI usameM manISI bAbu choTelAlajI ( nemIcaMda paToriyA M. A. L. L. B. kalakattA ) ( 1 ) varSAI vibhUti, para usase kabhI nahIM, ve bahake vANI ke the ve usake pada para inake khoje kucha maMdira, usake na ( 2 ) yuga-yuga taka tana nazvara, usake hI DhUMDhA pratIta bA jisase ki purAtana camaka uThA, itihAsa pA gayA ( 4 ) kucha zilA lekha, kabhI ve kRpA-putra, saba usake ArAdhana meM nizi - dina / car3hA diyA, ajita dhana, yaza, yauvana, jIvana // ( 3 ) iMgita para inane, sadA udAma AAMKARANA ( 6 ) kitanI saMsthA ko janma diyA, kucha chipI mUrti, kucha graMtha rAja / kucha giri guphAaiM. rahe / dAsa rahe || kahatI pratIta - itihAsa zrAja // ( 5 ) inakI khojeM hI, gAveMgI inakA pracura gAna / kintu anazvara hai, inakI khojoM kA yaza-mahAna // kitanoM ko zrAzraya milA madhura, vAtsalya zraMga kI vaha pravAha / naI rAha // kitanI saMsthA ko prANa mile / ve svarga gaye hA ! chor3a hameM, sammAna kitanoM ko nizcaya zrAraNa mile || ( 7 ) svayaM mUrti, ye bar3e kintu kahate kIrti vaibhava choTe / rote // WEWE MERE WHO WERE WERE REESE'RE VENUE WAS a www wwwW HW W WWW Gre

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jI bAbU paM0 cainasukhadAsa nyAyatIrtha divaMgata vaMgata bAbU choTelAla jI jaina kI gaNanA deza ke pramukha samAja evaM sAhitya seviyoM meM kI jAtI hai / deza kI vibhinna saMsthAoM se unakA nikaTa sambandha thA aura unake mAdhyama se ve gata 50 varSoM se deza, samAja evaM sAhitya sevA meM anubaddha the / san 1917 meM kalakattA meM jaba ija kA bhISaNa prakopa huA taba unhoMne pIDita vyaktiyoM kI bhojana, zrauSadhi zrAdi kI vyavasthA kara bharapUra sahAyatA kI bhI aura yahI sArvajanika sevA meM praveza kA sarvaprathama avasara thA / san 1943 meM baMgAla meM jo bhIvaraNa akAla paDA thA dhaura jimane lAkhoM insAnoM kI jAna le lI thI usa samaya bAbU jI ne sAre baMgAla meM ghUma ghUma kara akAla pIDitoM kI tana mana dhana se jo sevA kI thI vaha avismaragIya rahegI / isI taraha pUrvI pAkistAna ke nopAkhAlI kSetra meM jaba bhISaNa sAmpradAyika daMge huye aura manuSya manuSya kA duzmana bana gayA usa samaya bhI apane jIvana kA khatarA mola lekara vahA~ rilIpha kaMmpa kholeM aura saikar3oM hindUddhoM ke jIvana kI rakSA kI / kalakattA meM hindU musalima daMgoM ke samaya bhI bAbU jI ne svayaM pIDitoM ko prazaMsanIya sevA kii| saradAra paTela ko apIla para somanAtha mandira ke punaruddhAra ke liye kalakattA nagara ke ganI TreDa esosiezana dvArA jo do lAkha kI bhArI rakama ekatra huI thI usameM bhI bAbU jI kA pUrA sahayoga thA / san 1917 meM Apa kAMgresa ke sakriya sadasya bane aura kAMgresa ke vizeSa adhivezana para mApane akhila bhAratIya jaMna rASTrIya kAnphreMsa kA kalakattA meM adhivezana AmaMtrita kiyaa| zrI bI0 khAparDe isa kAMphreMsa ke adhyakSa the tathA lokamAnya tilaka jaise ucca netAoM ne isa meM bhAga liyA thaa| bAbUjI sI0 prAra0 dAsa ke anuyAyiyoM meM se the / isa kAraNa unheM kAphI parezAniyAM bhI uThAnI par3I thI para Apane kabhI bhI dAsa bAbU kA sAtha nahIM chodd'aa| P kalakatta ke sampanna jaina parivAra meM ApakA 70 varSa pUrva janma humA dhaura zikSA prApti ke padacAt prApakA jIvana kAravAM yAtrA kI ora baDhane lgaa| apane vyApArika kAryoM ke pazcAt jo bhI samaya Apako milatA use pApa samAja evaM deza sevA meM vyatIta karane lage zarmaH zanaiH bhApa sevA ke kSetra meM adhika tatparatA se bar3hane lage aura budha samaya padacAt zrApa pUre samAja sevo hI bana gaye / ApakA sArA jIvana hI deza evaM samAja sevA meM samApta ho gayA / bAbU jI kitanI hI saMsthAnoM ke pradhyakSa, maMtrI evaM TrasTI the Apa kalakatA jaina mandira ke TrasTI, kArmika mahotsava kameTI evaM [a0] bhA0 tIrtha kSetra kameTI ke sakriya sadasya jIvana ke anta taka rhe| isase pUrva se baMgAla bihAra uDIsA tIrtha kSetra kameTI ke maMtrI bhI rahe samAja ke sabhI sudhAra Andolano evaM sammelanoM me zrApakA pramukha hAtha rahatA thaa| samAja meM bahuta se vikAsa kArya Apake nirdezana meM calate the| sAhitya evaM purAtatva ke dhApa vizeSa premI the| deza kI pramukha sAhityika saMsthA vIra sevA mandira dehalI ke bhApa varSoM se adhyakSa the| dhanekAnta patra ke saMcAlana meM prApakA pramukha hAtha thA aura ve usake kAphI samaya taka sampAdaka bhI rhe| rAyala eziyATika sosAiTI ke zrApa san 1621 se sammAnita sadasya the / khaNDagirI udayagirI ke purAtatva mahatva ko prakAza meM lAne meM ApakA

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bAbU jI ( bAeN sabase pahale khar3e hue ) baMgalora meM molojikala pramaroM kI mITiMga ke pazcAt liye gaye grupa phoTo meM (27-6-56 ) bAbU jI mahAbalipuram meM zrI TI. ena. rAmacandrana aura grAphisara ina cArja TUrisTa menTara madrAsa (mahilA) ke mAtha ( 3-3-56) bAbU jI ( dAe~) kA mahAbAlipurama meM zrI TI. ena. rAmacandrana (bAe~) tathA grAphIsara ina cArja TUrisTara menTara, madrAsa ( mocameM) ke sAtha eka aura citra ( 3-3-56 )

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bAbUjI 37 prApa varSo taka maMtrI evaM pradhyakSa bhI rahe / zrApakI vyAvasAyika yogyatA dekhakara baMgAla caMmbara zrApha kAmarsa eNDa inDrasTrIja tathA iNDiyana caimbara grApha kAmarsa eNDa inDasTrIja ne apanI zrora se prApako paMca (Arbitrator) niyukta kiyA / vizeSa hAtha thA / purAtatva kI khoja meM Apane dakSiNa bhArata ke atirikta bihAra, uDIsA, baMgAla, rAjasthAna prAdi pradezoM meM bhramaNa kiyA thA aura vahAM se mahatvapUrNa sAmagrI khoja nikAlI thI / prApa kI sarva prathama pustaka 'kalakattA jaina mUrti yaMtra saMgraha ' san 1923 meM prakAzita huii| phira jaina fafa liyogrAphI kA prathama bhAga san 1945 meM prakAzita huA aura dUsarA bhAga bhI zIghra prakAzita hone kI sthiti meM thA ki prApakA svargavAsa ho gayA / purAtatva evaM zilA lekhoM ke sambandha meM prApane eka mahattvapUrNa pustaka kA saMgraha kiyA hai jisakA prakAzana Avazyaka hai / deza videza ke vidvAnoM ko jaina sAhitya para zodha kArya meM prApa barAbara sahayoga dete rahate the| DA0 vinTara niTja DA0 gvAsinava, zrI prAra0 DI0 banarjI, rAyabahAdura zrAra0 pI0 candrA, zrI ena0 jI0 majUmadAra, zrI ke0 ena0 dIkSita, zramUlya caMdra vidyAbhUSaNa, DA0 vibhUtibhUSaragadatta, DA0 e0 prA0 bhaTTAcArya, DA0 esa0 prA0 banarjI Adi saikar3oM vidvAnoM ne zrApame jaina sAhitya evaM purAtatva meM pUrA sahayoga liyA thA / bAbU jI sadaiva saphala vyApArI rahe / eka lambe samaya taka Apa kalakattA kI prasiddha gatI TreDa esosiyezana ke pramukha sadasya rahe / isa saMsthA ke ina sabake atirikta prApa dAnI, paropakArI, evaM karmaTha kAryakartA the / Apane vibhinna sAmAjika saMsthAoM ko saba milA kara lAkhoM rupaye kA dAna diyA hogA / grApako samAja ke navayuvakoM kA bar3A khayAla thA / unheM mArga darzana dene tathA vyavasAya dhandhe meM lagAne meM pApa satat prayatnazIla rahate the / kalakata ke baMgAlI evaM jainetara samAja meM bhI prApa vizeSa priya the tathA vahAM ke pratiSThita sAhitya seviyoM evaM samAja seviyoM se prApakA vizeSa sambandha thA / prApakA svAsthya ApakA sAtha nahIM detA thA aura bImArI cAhe jaba zrApako parezAna karatI rahatI thI / asvastha rahane para bhI utsAha evaM lagana ke sAtha grApa samAja evaM deza kI sevA meM vyasta rahate the| aise deza se vI samAja sevI, sAhitya sevI, sAdhaka evaM saMskRti ke ananya sevaka kA smaraNa deza aura samAja ke logoM ko nizcaya hI preraNA aura sphUrti pradAna karatA hai / unake caraNoM meM zraddhA ke ye kucha puSpa arpita haiM / isa pRthvI ke nIce bahuta se aise loga gAr3e gaye haiM jinake astitva kA koI bhI cinha isa duniyA~ meM aba zeSa nahIM hai| nauzeravAM kI vRddha lAza ko jamIna ne aisA khAyA ki usakI eka haDDI bhI aba bAkI nahIM rahI magara usakA nAma Aja bhI jIvita hai / yadyapi aura bhI bahuta se manuSya isa pRthvI para Aye aura mara gye| svayaM nauzeravA bhI nahIM rahA / zrataH ai manuSya, yaha AvAja Ane se pUrva ki amuka vyakti mara gayA nekI kara aura apanI umra ko ganImata samajha / - zekha sAdI

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eka sahaja preraka vyaktitva DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI bAra choTelAlajI kA vyaktitva usa sarala, snigdha evaM svaccha cAMdanI kI bhAMti thA jisane apane zItala kara nikaroM se sahaja hI bhAratIya jana-mAnasa ko prApyAyita kiyA hai| jisa meM mAnasa sI pavitratA, jJAna- razmiyoM sI prakharatA aura hima-sIkaroM sI taralatA evaM-dIpti thI aura jo apane lie kucha nahIM para dUsaroM ke lie saba kucha the| jisa ne aneka bAdhAoM ko jhela kara apanA nirmANa kiyA aura jo deza tathA samAja kI sevA meM vikIrNa ho gyaa| jo samAja evaM saMskRti kA sajIva vigraha thaa| jisa meM zrAtmaniSThA, tatparatA evaM lagana thI / aise satya zodhaka tathA pranveSaka ke rUpa meM tyAgamUrti bAbU choTelAlajI kA jIvana citra mere antarmana meM ubhara kara yAtA hai| san 1661 kI bAta hai| maI kA mahInA thA / maiM zodha kArya ke silasile meM dillI gayA thA / tabhI bAbUjI se merA prathama paricaya vIra sevA mandira ke vizAla bhavana meM huA / mere kArya zrIra utsAha ko dekha kara bAbUjI ko bar3I prasannatA huI / aura usase merA mana bhI AlhAdita huA ki samAja meM abhI aise satsevI tathA pArakhI vidyamAna haiM jo sAhitya evaM saMskRti viSayaka zodha kArya kI sarAhanA kara usakA vAstavika mUlyAMkana karane vAle haiN| dhIredhIre mujhe yaha bhI patA calA ki bAbUjI bhAratIya sAhitya, saMskRti evaM purAtattva Adi viSayoM meM kevala ruci hI nahIM rakhate varan svayaM gambhIra jayana karate aura anya vidvAnoM ko usake lie prerita karate the| yahI nahIM, sabhI prakAra ke Adhunika sAdhana evaM tatsaMbaMdhI sAmagrI juTAne aura anya sahAyatA pahuMcAne meM bhI sakriya bhAga lete hai / unako isa mUka lagana tathA sevA se prabhAvita honA svAbhAvika hI thaa| maiM kyA, mere jaise anya navayuvaka bhAja deza, samAja tathA saMskRti kI surakSA evaM uddhAra ke lie kaI prakAra kI saMvidhAnoM meM kArya karanA cAhate haiM para ucita nirdezana, paryApta sAmagrI kA prabhAva tathA kisI prakAra kA sAhAyya evaM protsAhana na milane ke kAraNa unakA utsAha bikhara jAtA hai / mujhe bhalIbhAMti smaraNa hai ki una dinoM asvastha hone para bhI bAbUjI adhyayana aura manana meM apanA adhika samaya lagAte the aura kendrIya pustakAlaya kA bharapUra upayoga karate the| mujhe bhI una se preraNA prApta huI aura jJAna-saMvarddhana tathA vikAsa meM bahuta kucha yoga milaa| meM kaI dinoM taka una ke sAtha rahA / maine dekhA ki ve bhItara aura bAhara se samAna hai tathA vividha prAdhivyAdhiyoM se saMtrasta rahane para bhI ve dUsaroM kI bhalAI aura sahAyatA ke lie tatpara rahate haiM tathA vidvAnoM kI sahAyatA ke lie to sabhI prakAra se prastuta rahate hai / prataeva mere lauTane ke prAgraha karane para bhI ve kucha dinoM taka mujhe roke rahe aura apane jJAna tathA anubhavoM kA lAbha pradAna karate rhe| unhoMne mujhe eka yaha sujhAva bhI diyA ki maiM hindI ke sAtha hI aMgrejI meM bhI likhanA prAraMbha kara dUM, kyoMki baMgAla tathA dakSiNa evaM anya dezoM ke vidvAn jaina sAhitya ke sambandha meM naI jAnakArI pAne ke utkaTa abhilASI haiM para hindI na jAnane se ve loga isase vaJcita rahate haiM / bAbUjI kA yaha paramopayogI sujhAva bhAja bhI mere hRdaya paTala para aMkita hai aura usake lie yaha jana kRtajJa hai / yathArtha meM bApUjI kA vyaktitva bahumukhI thA / zrApane sarala tathA nizchala bhAva se samAja kI jo

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eka sahaja preraka vyaktitva 36 ananya sevA kI usase lagabhaga ardha zatAbdI kA preraka vyaktitva / usake utsAha pradAna evaM satpreraNA dIrgha kAla parivyApta hai / mApa kA tyAga evaM se prAja samAja meM anusandhitsutroM ko saMkhyA utsarga anukaraNIya tathA abhinandanIya hai / bahuta kama vRddhigata hotI jA rahI hai / vAstavikatA to yaha logoM ko yaha patA hai ki zravaNabelagolA meM saMsthita hai ki jainetara vidvAnoM meM jaina-sAhitya ke anuzIlana gomaTezvara bAhubali kI vizAla pratimA ke jIrNo* evaM anusandhAna kI jo ruci jAgRta huI usakA dvAra tathA dakSiNa bhArata meM sthita jaina bhaNDAroM kI adhikAMza zreya bAbUjI ko thaa| ve satyaniSTha mUka grantha-sUcI taiyAra karAne meM bAbU choTelAlajI kA prArAdhaka kI bhAMti svasaMcAlita sUtra se jJAna-vijJAna vizeSa yogadAna thA / sAhityasevI tathA purAtattvavettA ko prAhutiyoM kA prakSepaNa karate rahe aura unhoMne ke rUpa meM bhI prApa ke kArya ullekhanIya haiM / svayaM phala prApti kI kabhI kAmanA taka nahIM kii| aise saphala vyApArI rahate hue bhI prApane jo sAhitya- samAjasevo birale hI hote haiN| bhAratIya zramaraNa racanA kI vaha mahattvapUrNa evaM gauravAspada hai| saMskRti kI surakSA ke lie Apa ne samaya samaya para samAja, rASTra evaM sAhitya sevA jaise mahattvapUrNa apanI sUjha-bUjha se samAja kI amita sevA kI / kAryoM meM pApa barAbara sahayoga dete rahe / ina saba itanA hI nahIM, videzoM ko jaina-sAhitya sambandhI rUpoM meM bAbUjI kA apanA vyaktitva thA-kisI meM amUlya sUcanAeM evaM-sAhitya preSita kara prApa ne kama aura kisI meM adhika / kisI meM komala to una zodha-vettAoM ko bhI prerita kara apane sahaja kisI meM kaThora / parantu ina saba se Upara unakA preraka vyaktitva ko caritArtha kiyA / jisa ne apanI sahaja preraka vyaktitva hI mere antarmana para apanI surakSA evaM pragati ke caraNoM ko kaI dizAmoM meM chApa chor3a sakA hai aura jo amiTa hai| gatimAna kiyaa| aise udAra vyaktitva sampanna vyakti ___ jo bhI snAtaka yA vidvAn bAbUjI ke samparka ko zraddhAJjali apaMga karanA pratyeka vyakti kA meM pahu~catA vaha unase prabhAvita hue binA nahIM kartavya hai / rahatA / isakA eka mAtra kAraNa thA unakA sahaja maiM dUsaroM ke dRSTikoNa ko bhI utanA hI mahatva detA hU~ jitanA ki apane dRSTikoNa ko| -sara henarI phorDa hama isa prakAra kA jIvana vyatIta karane kA prayatna kareM ki hamArI mRtyu ke pazcAt hameM daphanAnevAlA bhI do bUMda AMsU bahA de| -peTrArka

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purAtattva vettA zrI bAbU jI paM0 nanhelAla zAstrI, rAjAkher3A sAra meM bhAgyazAlI puruSoM ko hI prAkarSaka prApako vidvAnoM aura dharmAtmA puruSoM se bahuta hI vyaktitva prApta hotA hai / hajAroM vyaktiyoM meM sneha thA / unakI mukha-muvivAnoM kA dhyAna rakhanA, apanI projasvI vANI, pratibhA mora prAmANikatA unake satsaMga meM apanA samaya vyatIta karanA evaM ke kAraNa jisa nararatna kA vyaktittva camakatA humA unake mAna sammAna kA dhyAna rakhanA pApa kA najara AtA hai vaha manuSya viziSTa, puNyazAlI aura svAbhAvika kArya thaa| bhAgyavAna hI nahIM balki sabakA prAdarza hotA hai| jaina saMskRti ko akSuNNa banAye rakhane ke liye zrImAna bAbU choTelAlajI agravAla kalakattA prApane purAtattva viSayoM kI khoja kI aura usameM se kauna paricita nahIM hai| prApakA gharAnA kalakattA apanA amUlya samaya lagAyA / zArIrika dazA kamajora samAja meM hI nahI prAya : sabhI jaina samAja meM hone para bhI prApane apane gantavya mArga ko nahIM chor3A prasiddha hai / isa parivAra ne lAkhoM kA dAna dharmAyatanoM aura aneka viSayoM meM acchI saphalatA prApta kii| evaM dharma saMsthAnoM ko samaya samaya para diyA hai| samaya samaya para prApake isa viSaya ke lekha samAcAra bAbU choTelAla jI ne bhI apane hAthoM se kaI saMsthAnoM patroM meM nikalate rahate the| ve isa kArya ke liye sadA ko bharapUra dAna dekara khUba khyAti prApta kI thii| prayatna zIla rahate the aura anna taka rhe| prApakI pApa jaina samAja ke pramukha stambha the| mUka sevA, isa isa lagana kI jitanI prazamA kI jAya thor3I hai| nirbhIkatA evaM adamya utsAha Apake vyaktitva kI aneka dIna-dakhiyoM, nirAzrita prANiyoM evaM pradhAna vizeSatAyeM thiiN| prApakA vyaktitva logoM ke bahinoM ko prAthika mahAyatA dekara apane paise kA mastiSka ko kama parantu hRdaya ko adhika prabhAvita sadupayoga karanA virale janoM meM hI hotA hai| bAbUjI karatA thaa| kI aise kAryoM meM bhI dilacaspI tho / ApakA hRdaya dharma yA samAja ke viSaya meM kaThina se kaThina bar3A komala aura dayAlu thA / yahI kAraNa thA ki ulajhane upasthita hone para unheM bar3I kuzalatA ke arthavihIna dukhiyoM ko dukha se vimukta karanA pApakA sAtha nibaTA dene meM mApakI prakhara buddhi jo kArya karatI thI vaha dekhate hI banatI thI / kisI vicAre jaina samAja aura dharma kI sevA karane meM Apane hRye viSaya meM bAdhAyeM Apako nirAza nahIM kara jIvana apaMga kara diyA thaa| bAbUjI bar3e dhairyavAna sakatI thI / jisa kArya ko karanA soca lete the use puruSa the| jaina dharma ke utthAna ke liye evaM purAtattva karake chor3ate the| kAryoM kI khoja aura unheM pracAra meM lAne ke liye jijJAsA pravRtti bhI prApa meM kUTa-kUTa kara bharI huI prApake prayatna bhulAye nahIM jA skte| thI / grAmyo dekho bAta hai / aneka bAra payUSaNa parva mApake ina guNoM evaM unakI sAmAjika, aitimeM me kalakattA gayA / usa samaya jahA~ bhI merA yA hAsika evaM sAhityika sevApro ke liye samAja anya prAgantuka vidvAnoM kA zAstra pravacana hotA unakI jitanI kRtajJatA jJApana kare thor3I hai|. usame bhAga lenA prApakA sadA kA kArya rhtaa|

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Adarza vyaktitva ke pratIka vimala kumAra jaina sorayA, mar3AvarA (jhA~sI) vyakti kti ke vyaktitva pUrNa kArya hI usake sammAna ke kAraNa hote haiM / zrImAna bAbU choTelAlajI kalakattA abhinandana se bhI adhika zrAdara aura sammAna ke pAtra the / yadyapi bAbUjI ko me nikaTa se nahIM ke barAbara jAnatA thA, lekina unakA pradarzapUrNa vyaktitva, saccI karma niSThA, aura vyApaka adhyavasAya mujhe unake pratyaMta samIpa lA detA thA / bAbUjI ne jaina purAtatva ko prakAza meM lAne kA satat prayatna kiyA / etadarthaM prApane deza ke vibhinna prAntoM meM bhramaNa kiyA, aura khaNDagirI- udayagiri jaise jaina saMskRti se paripUrNa purAtatva sthAnoM ko prakAza meM laae| jaina saMskRti ke utthAna meM ApakA jo saphala sahayoga rahA usake kAraNa hI unako purAtattva vizeSajJa ke rUpa meM jAnate haiM / anekoM vidvAnoM ne jaina sAhitya evaM purAtattva kI khoja meM Apase icchita sahayoga pAkara vizeSa saphalatAe~ prApta kii| prAcIna jaina saMskRti ke utthAna meM ApakA siddhahasta yoga rhaa| ApakA dhyeya purAne sAhitya evaM saMskRti kI zodha, asahAyoM kI sahAyatA, navIna lekhakoM evaM anveSakoM ko protsAhana, zrAgantukoM ko satparAmarza denA evaM satya kA anveSaraNa karate rahanA thA / "pranekAnta" patrikA ke saMcAlana evaM sampAdana ke gurutara kArya ko Apane apanI saccI lagana evaM athaka pradhyavasAya ke dvArA saMcAlana kara samAja jAgRti meM prazaMsanIya yoga diyA / praneka saMsthAoM ke gaNamAnya padAdhikArI hone ke sAtha ho Apa "vIra sevA maMdira" jaisI ucca koTi kI saMsthA ke varSo taka adhyakSIya pada para rahakara usako unnati ke zikhara para lejAne vAle eka anavarata sAdhaka siddha hue / ApakI pratibhA cahumukhI thI / Apake dvArA pratyeka kSetra meM uThAe gae kadama anukaraNIya hai / san 1917 meM kalakattA meM phaile bhISaNa inphluyenjA ke prakopa se pIr3ita vyaktiyoM, tathA 1943 meM baMgAla ke bhISaNa akAla meM Apane tana mana aura dhana se jo udAratApUrNa sahAyatA evaM sevA kArya kiyA usake lie zrAja bhI hajAroM vyakti ApakI gaurava gAthA gAte haiM / noAkhAlI ke bhISaNa sAmpradAyika daMge ke samaya Apane hindunoM kI jo sahAyatA kI vaha prazaMsanIya evaM anukaraNIya hai / ApakA apanA nijI vyaktitva thA / kalakatte ke eka saphala vyavasAyI hone ke sAtha hI Apane rAjanaitika kSetra meM kAphI samparka rakhA / 'rAyala esiyATika sosAyaTI ke sammAnita sadasya hone ke sAtha hI 'inDiyana cembara grApha kAmarsa' jaisI vyApArika saMsthAnoM kI manonIta sadasyatA kA pAnA prApakI vizAla pratibhA kA dyotaka hai / anveSaNa ke kSetra meM kie gae prApake kArya ApakI kAryakSamatA, zramazIlatA aura prasAdhAraNa saphalatA ke pratIka haiN| aise sAdhaka, purAtatva sevI, evaM samAja hitaiSI vyakti kI sevAnoM ke kRtajJatA svarUpa jo bhI zraddhAMjali arpita kI jAya thor3I hai /

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tIna puzta kA samparka subodha kumAra jaina, pArA kauna puzta kA samparka aura vaha bhI bilkula apane sukha-dukha meM loga inakA sahayoga sahaja meM pA lete // nirdoSa rahe yaha kama prAzcarya kI bAta the| yaha nizcita rUpa se kahA jAsakatA hai ki inake nahIM hai ? lekina zraddhaya bAbU choTelAla jI ne jinheM vyaktitva se inake parivAra kI zAna baDhI aura sabhI hama pyAra se cAcA jI kahate the yaha saMbhava kara saMsthA vAle inakA nAma apanI saMsthA meM jor3ane para dikhaayaa| hamAre prAtaH smaraNIya pU0 dAdA jI, gaurava kA anubhava karate the| rAjarSi deva kumAra jI, jisa samaya pratyaMta bImArI kI hAlata meM ilAja ke liye kalakatte pahace. usa jana vAGmaya aura purAtattva ke zodha aura samaya choTelAlajI ne saparivAra unakI jo sevAeM kI prakAzana kI mApakI jo lagana thI vaha manukaraNIya use Aja bhI hamAre parivAra vAle yAda karate haiN| hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadezoM ke pracAra kI aisI hamAre pUjya pitA jI, bA. nirmalakumAra jI se lagana unheM thI ki hama yuvakoM ko bhI apanI bhI inakI maMtrI atyanta ghaniSTha aura anukaraNIya akarmaNyatA para jhepa prAtI hai / vIra zAsana rhii| mujhe bhI unakA atyadhika prema aura pAzIrvAda jayantI kA jo avismaraNIya utsava kalakatta meM prApta thaa| hamA thA, usake pIche eka mAtra inhIM kI zakti aura utsAha kArya karatA thaa| maiMne apanI prAMkhoM unheM zrI jaina vAlA vidhAma ArA meM unhoMne svayaM dina-rAta eka karate hue dekhA hai| evaM unakI preraNA se unake parivAra vAloM ne pracura mAtrA meM dhana lagAkara strI zikSA ke kSetra meM pradbhuta aise guNI, premI, dharma vatsala sajjana kA yoga dAna diyA / anta taka ve bAlA vizrAma kI guNasmaraNa jitanA bhI ho thor3A hai / aise vyakti to prabandha kAriNI samiti ke adhyakSa the aura prati samAja ke liye, deza ke liye aura deza ke navayuvakoM samaya ve isa saMsthA kI unnati ke liye prayatnazIla ke liye jIte jAgate udAharaNa hote haiN| rahate the| eka saMsmaraNa aura ullekhanIya hai / dillI meM pArA kI dUsarI saMsthA jisase unakA anurAga kucha varSa huye eka aisA prAyojana kiyA gayA thA, thA aura jo unakI sAhityika ruci kA digdarzana jisameM disambara jainoM kI pramukha saMsthAnoM meM ekatA karAtI hai-"zrI jaina siddhAnta bhavana pArA" hai| ke liye bar3A bhArI prayAsa hayA thA / choTelAlajI kucha samaya pUrva jaba ki isa saMsthA kI hIraka jayaMtI kA rola isa prAyojana meM maiMne bahana nikaTa se dekhA bihAra ke rAjya pAla kI adhyakSatA meM manAI gaI thaa| kyA yaha kama pozcarya kI bAta hai ki vo thI, Apa asvastha hote huye bhI usameM zAmila huye ekatra saikar3oM vyaktiyoM meM inake jaisA aimA vyakti bhI the aura sabhI samArohoM meM prApane sotsAha bhAga ho jime donoM hI na.poM kA vizvAma prApta ho| liyA thaa| isa mahotsava ko saphalatA biSayaka na jAne kaise isa dubale-patale, kamajora, bImAra Apa ke udgAra abhI taka mere kAno meM gUMjate bhaura vyakti meM itanI karmaThatA vidyamAna thii| utsAha pradAna karate haiN| hamArI kAmanA hai ki pUjya cAcA jI kA apane parivAra aura apanI mitra maMDalI meM jIvana hama logoM ko prakAza stambha kI bhAMti unheM sadA mAdara kI dRSTi se dekhA jAtA thaa| satkAryoM ke liye prerita karatA rhe| .

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zraddhaya bAbU jI surendra goyala, dhArA dinAMka 1 28-12-63 kA suhAvanA prabhAta / manda manda surabhita vAyu jana-jIvana meM prANa kA saMcAra kara rahI thii| usa dina meM prAtaHkAla se hI bahuta prasanna thA kyoMki jaina siddhAnta bhavana dhArA ke pAzvavartI zAntinAtha maMdira ke vizAla prAGgaNa meM bhavana kI hIraka jayantI mahotsava kA prAyojana kiyA gayA thA 1 hIraka jayantI ke sammAnanIya atithi the bihAra ke rAjyapAla zrI anantazayanama AyaMgAra aura svAgatAdhyakSa ke pada ko suzobhita kara rahe the kalakatte ke suprasiddha raIsa evaM purAtatvavida svanAmadhanya zrImAna bAbU choTe lAla jI / maiMne unakA nAma to pahale bhI sunA thA kintu darzana kA avasara prAja hI prApta ho rahA thaa| yaha mere lie eka mahAna saubhAgya kI bAta thI / prathama jhAMkI meM hI meM bAbU jI kI ora AkRSTa ho gayA / unakI kRza kAyA sapheda dhotI aura kurate meM khUba phaba rahI thii| sira para rakhI gola TopI unakI raIsI kI paricAyikA thI / abhI taka mujhe sirpha yahI avagata thA ki bhApa eka dhanI mAnI raIsa haiM, kintu ApakI pratibhA kI jhalaka maine ukta mahotsava meM hI dekho aura mujhe lagA ki lakSmI aura sarasvatI kA praddbhuta samanvaya yadi kahIM hai to bAbU choTe lAla jo meM / prAcIna kAla se hI yaha lokokti calI zrA rahI hai ki lakSmI aura sarasvatI donoM eka sAtha nivAsa nahIM karatI, unakA samanvaya saMbhava nahIM / kintu bAbU choTelAla jI isake apavAda the| jaba vaha vyakti maMcapara apane prAsana se bolane ke lie uThA to mAnoM sarasvatI jihvA para hI bhAkara baiTha gayI / bhApa lagAtAra apanA vidvattA pUrNa projasvI bhASaNa dete rhe| sabhI kI isa sarasvatI ke pujArI para TikI rahIM / maiM to mAnoM mugdha hI thA / sabase viziSTa bAta yaha thI ki bAbU jI una dinoM asvastha the / damA ne unheM burI taraha pIDita kara rakhA thA aura unakA pA~ca minaTa bolanA bhI kaThina thA / kintu jaba ve sabhAmaMca se tArasvara meM apanA bhASaNa karate rahe taba kucha nikaTa ke logoM ke vismaya kA ThikAnA na rahA / kahA jAtA hai ki sAhityacarcA ke samaya ve vyAdhi mukta ho jAte the| aisI lagana thI unameM sAhitya sevA zrara carcA ke prati / usI avasara para eka dina aura mujhe pradhika nikaTa se unake darzanoM kA supravasara prApta huA / zrApa zrI jaina bAlA vizrAma ke vizrAnti bhavana meM Thahare the| maiM pUjya guru deva DA0 nemicandra zAstrI ke kArya hetu unake pAsa gayA thaa| mujhe svayaM bhI unase milane kI tIvra utkaNThA thI / usI samaya unase vArtAlApa kA sobhAgya bhI mujhe milA / vArtAlApa ke krama meM mujhe aisA zravagata huA ki Apa mAnavatA ke prabala samarthakoM meM se eka haiM / zrApa jaise mahAnubhAvoM ke bala para ho Aja jaina dharma sAhitya evaM saMskRti ko sarvatra gauravapUrNa sthAna prApta ho rahA hai / prApa apanI rugNa zaiyyA para par3e-par3e bhI jaina sAhitya evaM purAtattva ke prabhyutthAna ke bAre meM socate rahate the / jaina dharma, mAcAra, saMskRti evaM purAtattva saMbaMdhI adhikAMza carcA prAkRta bhASA meM hai / meM prAkRta bhASA kA vidyArthI thA ataH unakI bAteM mujhe bar3I hI rucikara laga rahIM thIM / I bAnU jI meM kevala sAhitya pra ema hI nahIM balki bhAratIya saMskRti kI pramukha pratIka sacAI, sahAnubhUti evaM sahRdayatA prAdi bhI kUTa-kUTa kara bharI

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti graMtha 44 huI thI / dIna vyaktiyoM kA duHkha dekhakara ve zIghra hI dravita ho jAte the aura ve unakI sahAyatA hetu sadA taiyAra rahate the / "jo rahIma dInahi lakhe attery sama hoya" bAbU jI " dInabandhu sama" the / 'dInabandhu sama' hone ke kAraNa hI unhoMne hamAre praja ke jarA se anurodha para unakI pUrNa rUpa se saphala sahAyatA kI thii| jisake lie ve hamezA unake kRtajJa raheMge / aise hI na jAne kitane baMdhughoM kI sahAyatA unhoMne kI hogii| kintu isa sambandha meM viziSTa bAta yaha hai ki sabhA athavA anya kisI vyakti se ve apanI sahAyatA kI bAta nahIM kahate the / unakI sahAyatA mUka hotI thI jo unake caritra kA sabase bar3A guNa thA / bAbU jI ke mAdhyama se jaina sAhitya kI aneka aprakAzita racanAeM prakAza meM AI haiN| ve hamezA hI lekhakoM bhaura zodha karttA ko protsAhita karate rahate the / unake vyaktitva se kAlidAsa ke ye zloka smaraNa ho bhAte haiM :-- jJAne maunaM kSamA zaktI tyAge zlASA viparyayaH / guNA guraNAnubandhitvAt tasya saprasavA iva // anAkRSTasya viSaye vidhAMnA pArahazvana : / tasya dharmaraterAsId vRddhatvaM jaramA vinA // kheda hai ki aisA mahAn vyakti, sAhitya premI, samAja sevI, purAtatvavid evaM sarasvatI kA ananyatama pujArI prAja hamAre bIca nahIM rhaa| unake chor3e hue kAryoM ko Age bar3hAnA hI unake prati saccI zraddhAJjali hai / bAta soca kara mu~ha se nikAla aura logoM ke 'basa khatma kara' kahane se pahale hI bolanA baMda kara de / vAk zakti ke kAraNa hI manuSya pazu zreSTha hai, yadi tuma acchI bAta nahIM karate to tumase to pazu hI bhale / + + + billI cUhe ke pakar3ane meM to zera hai lekina cIte ke sAmane svayaM cUhA bana jAtI hai / - mahAtmA zekha sAdI

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zrI bAbU choTelAlajI-rAka mUka sevaka ____ bhaMvaralAla nyAyatIrtha, jayapura gaha kisako patA thA ki jisa mahAna vyakti ke hI bhAmera jAne kA unhoMne nizcaya kiyaa| DA. lie abhinandana kI taiyAriyAM kI jA rahI satyaprakArAjI-DAIrekTara purAtattva vibhAga rAjahai-vaha ina zraddhA sumanoM ko grahaNa karane se pUrva sthAna se usI dina saMparka sthApita kiyA aura unheM hI hamArI prAzAnoM para pAnI phera sadA ke lie sAtha le meM evaM bAvUjI pAmera gaye / karIba 500 hama se vidA le legA / jaba choTelAlajI ne sunA varSa kachavAhoM kA rAjya vahA~ rahA hai / isa rAjya ki unake abhinandana kI koI yojanA cala rahI hai vaMza ke sAtha jainoM kA vizeSa samparka rahane se yahA~ to unhoMne isase apanI prasahamati prakaTa kI aura jainoM kA bhI acchA prabhAva rahA hai| Amera meM kahA ki mujha jaise choTe se prAdamI ke lie aisA maTTArakoM kI gaddI thI / bhaTTArako meM bahuta se vidvAna prAyojana ucita nahIM hai / ve mUka sevaka the-prataH the jinane mahatvapUrNa sAhitya saMgraha evaM racanAe~ kI unheM yaha abhinandana nahIM javA aura huA bhI yhii| thii| vahA~ kA zAstra bhaMDAra vizAla thaa| Amera meM ve cale gaye binA abhinandana svIkAra kiye hii| kaI vizAla maMdiroM kA nirmANa huA thA / vahA~ ke aba to yaha abhinandana graMtha smRti maMca ke svarUpa khaNDaharoM meM pratIta kA vaibhava chipA par3A hai| meM hI parivartita ho gayA hai| sacamuca bAbUjI mahAna the-unakI sevAeM, unake vicAra aura unake hama logoM ne karIba do tIna ghanTe taka ghUmakara kaI sthAnoM ke citra lie magara hamArI ora se prAdarza mahAna the / ve karmaTha aura mizanarI spriTa yaha prAgraha hote hue bhI ki grApa kI tabiyata ThIka se kArya karane vAle eka lagana zIla vyakti the / nahIM hai, pApa eka jagaha baiThie hama citra le pAte apane kArya kalApoM se ve apanI smRti ko sthAyI haiM bAbUjI hamAre sAtha hI rahe / aisA lagatA thA banA gaye haiM / unake saMsmaraNa vAstava meM preraNA jaise unameM bahuta joza A gayA haiM / ve jarA bhI thakAna mahasUsa nahIM kara rahe the| yaha thA unakA zrI bAbU choTelAlajI se merI bheMTa sarva prathama utsAha, lagana aura kArya ke prati niSThA / bImArI karIba 15-16 varSa pUrva huI jaba pApa jayapura padhAre kA hara vyakti dhyAna rakhatA hai aura dhanADhya ke ye mora svAsthya lAbha ke lie yahA~ Thahare the| vaise yadi sAdhAraNa sardI jukAma bhI ho jAtA hai to nAma pahale se sunA thA-para sAkSAtkAra digambara DAkTaroM kA tAMtA laga jAtA hai, vaha palaMga se bhI jaina saMskRta kAleja meM pUjya guruvayaM paM0 cainasukha nahIM utthtaa| para bAbUjI isake apavAda the / apane dAsajI ke samakSa humA thaa| carcA cala rahI thI ki zarIra aura svAsthya ko parvAha na karate hue purAtattva jayapura ke vibhinna sthAnoM para bikharI purAtatva sambandhI zuSka kAya meM itanI lagana rakhanA sacamuca sambandhI sAmagrI kA saMkalana kiyA jAya / unake prazaMsanIya hai| bAta yaha hai ki isake mahatva ko vicAroM se yahI preraNA mila rahI thI ki jo kAma ve khUba samajhate the / jayapura meM hI nahIM, isI kArya karanA hai-dhIna kiyA jAya, usameM vilamba nahoM ke liye ve sAre bhArata meM dhUme mora kAphI sAmagrI honA cAhie / asvastha hote hue bhI dUsare dina kA saMkalana kiyA jo prAja unakI thAtI hai|

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46 bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti pratha . vIravANI meM jayapura ke jaina dIvAnoM ke de aura jo kucha karanA hai vaha yoM hI raha jAya ? prataH sambandha meM maiMne eka lekha mAlA calAI thii| una jitanA jaldI ho sake kAma karanA cAhie / halkI lekhoM ko par3hane kI unakI bar3I vijJAsA rahatI thii| sI haMsI haMsate hue punaH kahA ki yaha bImArI eka do maka meM tatsambandhI lekha yadi nahIM rahate merI sahacarI hai, mujhe akelA nahIM choDegI-sAtha to phaurana bAbUjI kA lambA cauDA para preraNAspada lekara hI jaavegii| sacamuca isa prakAra kA karmaTha patra mA jAtA ki lekha mAlA kA krama kyoM TUTa vyakti honA baDA muzkila hai / 'choTe' zarIra 'choTe' rahA hai, kyoM nahIM jaldI jaldI sAmagrI kA saMkalana nAma aura kArya unake mahAna the| kiyA jAkara prakAza meM lAyA jAtA / unake patroM ___unakA sAhityikoM ke prati bhI utanA hI prema ne sacamuca kaI bAra mujhe preraNA aura sphUti thA jitanA apane mAtmIyajanoM ke prti| ye sAhitya pradAna kI hai| aura sAhityikoM kI sevArtha sadA tatpara rahate the / ___eka bAra jaba maiM kisI kAryavaza kalakattA gayA kisI ko patA taka nahIM ki sAhitya evaM anya upayogI to mApase bhI milA usa vakta ve asvastha the| kuzala mAvazyaka kAryoM ke lie ve kitanA mUkadAna karate the| magala va svAsthya sambandhI bAtacIta muzkila se eka unakA sadA yahI kahanA thA ki merA nAma prakAza meM minaTa huI hogI para vaha eka ghanTe kA samaya unake lAne kI prAvazyakatA nahIM, kAma honA cAhiye / priya viSaya purAtattva sambandhI carcA meM gyaa| rumNa apane jayapUra pravAsa kAla meM sthAnIya kaI saMsthAnoM zaiyyA para hote hue bhI ve svayaM uThe, jo alabama ko mArthika sahAyatAyeM unhoMne dI thI / baMgAla ke dakSiNa ke citroM kA unhoMne taiyAra karAyA thA dikhAne prakhyAta kAryakartA zrI sI0 mAra0 dAsa ke prApa lage aura kahane lage ki amuka 2 sthAnoM para jAkara sahayogI rahe haiN| isa prakAra lagabhaga prAdhI zatAbdI citra mAvi lenA bAkI hai jaldI hI jAne kA vicAra taka janatA janArdana evaM sAhitya-purAtattva kI jo kara rahA hU~ / maiMne kahA-bAbU sAhaba ! pahale sevA mApane kI hai-vaha hamAre lie Adarza hai aura svAsthya lAbha kIjie, phira jAne kI socnaa| preraNA detI hai ki hama bhI unake padacinhoM para cleN| unane tatkAla uttara diyA ki yaha rugNa zarIra hI yahI unake prati hamArI saccI zraddhAMjali hai| . mujhe preraNA detA hai / na jAne kaba yaha sAtha choDa jo vyakti apane kartavya kA paripUrNa zakti se nirvAha karatA hai vaha kisI bhI dezabhakta se kama nahIM cAhe phira vaha dhobI, darjI athavA maMgI hI kyoM na ho| -zrI prakAza jI

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bAbU jI kI amara sevAyeM satyadhara kumAra seThI, ujjaina daraNIya bAbU choTelAlajI jaina jaise tapaH pUta sevaka kA smRti graMtha prakAzita karanA jaina samAja ke lie gaurava kI bAta hai / vAstava meM bAbU choTelAlajI isake yogya the / dhanika parivAra meM janma lene para bhI unakI sevAyeM vividha kSetroM meM rhiiN| isI lie isa mahAn sevaka kI gaNanA deza ke pramukha samAja, sAhitya aura itihAsa seviyoM meM kI jAtI hai| jagata meM kaI mAnava janma lete haiM aura yoM hI cale jAte haiM lekina kaI aise bhI isa vasuMdharA para avatarita hote haiM, jo sevA tyAga aura sadAcAra ke bala para isa vasuMdharA ko pavitra kara bhramara bana jAte haiN| bAbU choTelAlajI jaina kI gaNanA bhI yadi aise vyaktiyoM meM kI jAya to koI atyukti na hogI / bAbUjI kA janma eka dhanika parivAra meM huA / kalakata jaise mahAnagara meM unhoMne apane jIvana kA bahu bhAga vyatIta kiyA / bAbUjI ne apane jIvana kA nirmANa itanA sundara DhaMga se kiyA thA ki dekhakara prAzcarya hotA thA / mujhe unake saMsarga meM pAne kA kaI bAra saubhAgya prApta huA thaa| unakA vyavahAra aura unake kArya hamezA mArga darzaka ke rUpa meM rheNge| unhoMne vaibhava kA kabhI garva nahIM kiyA zraura apane Apako eka sevaka ke rUpa meM dekhA / Apake jIvana kI kaI ghaTanAyeM aisI haiM jo bhAja bhI hama sabako preraNA detI haiM / jaise san 1917 meM kalakatA meM inphlueMjA ke prakopa ke samaya ko gaI unakI sevAeM | yaha prakopa bar3A bhISaNa thA / isase pIr3ita vyaktiyoM kA kaSTa bhApa dekha nahIM ske| ApakI kararaNA umar3a par3I aura ve saMtapta prANiyoM kI sevA ke lie Age bddh'e| isI taraha kalakattA meM jaba san 1943 meM bhISaNa akAla par3A, jisakI kahAnI bar3I lomaharSaka rahI hai to usameM bhI bAbUjI ne sevA kArya meM bar3I tatparatA dikhalAI aura unhoMne ghara ghara meM ghUma kara akAla pIr3itoM kI khoja kI / aura unakI tana mana dhana se sevA karake aisA prAdarza upasthita kiyA jo kalakatte ke itihAsa meM cirasmaraNIya rhegaa| baMgAla meM noprAkhAlI kA aitihAsika daMgA huA aura mahAtmA gAMdhI ko bhI vahAM tatkAla jAnA pdd'aa| usa samaya hamAre mAnanIya bAbU choTelAlajI bhI pIche nahIM rahe / grApa bhISaraNa daMge meM vahA~ gaye aura bar3e sAhasa ke sAtha zrApane vahA~ para bhrAtR bhAva kA pracAra kiyA / isI taraha kalakata ke hindU-muslima daMge meM bhI Apane zera kI taraha niDara raha kara pIr3itoM kI sevAyeM kI / bAbUjI ke sArvajanika jIvana ke aise kaI udAharaNa hai / sArvajanika kSetra kI taraha ApakA sAmAjika aura dhArmika jIvana bhI camatkRta rhaa| prAraMbha se hI Apake vicAra rUDhivAda bhaura saMkIrNatA se dUra rhe| zrApane sAmAjika krAMtiyoM meM sAhasa ke sAtha kadama bar3hAyA -- vijAtIya vivAha aura vilAyata yAtrA ke prApa prAraMbha se hI samarthaka rahe / zrI dharma candajI sarAvagI kI vilAyata yAtrA ke virodha ke prasaMga meM Apane jo sAhasa dikhAyA vaha cira smaraNIya rhegaa| saca kahA jAya to bAbUjI sevA ke pratibiMba maura sAdagI ke pratIka the / bhApakI sevAeM zramara raheMgI aura hameM sadA preraNA detI raheMgI /

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bAbU jI kA vIra sevA mandira ko yogadAna premacanda jaina, bI0 e0 saM0 mantrI, vIra sevA mandira bAra choTelAla jI jaina ko bAba choTelAla jI jaina kI gaNanA jaina samAja ke sana 1644 ke akTUbara-navambara meM jaba vIra una pramukha sAhitya aura samAja seviyoM meM ko zAsana kA praddhazatAbdI mahotsava phalakaptA ke kAtijAtI hai, jinhoMne nisvArtha bhAva se rASTra, dharma aura kIya mele para manAne kA nizcaya kiyaa| gayA taba samAja kI sevA nirbhIkatA aura utsAha ke sAtha Apane usake liye rAta-dina eka kara diyaa| itanA kI / gata pacAsa varSoM meM bATUjI ne deza, samAja aura adhika parizrama kiyA ki utsava ke sampanna hote hI sAhitya kI jo sevA kI hai vaha cirasmaraNIya rhegii| Apako bhasvasthatA ne prA gherA, aura prArogya prApta prApa agnavAla kulAvataMza seTha rAmajIvanadAsa sarAvagI karane ke liye kalakattA se bAhara kaI mahInoM kA ke paMcama putra the / mApa aneka saMkaTApanna dazAoM meM samaya vyatIta karanA par3A / unake vicAroM meM har3atA bhI apane svAsthya kI cintA na kara sevA ke kSetra meM aura adamya utsAha thA jisase ve saphalatA prApta agrasara rahe / prApako jaina purAtatva, sthApatya aura kiye binA kisI bhI kArya ko kabhI nahIM chor3ate the| citrakalA prAdi se adhika prema thaa| jaina sAhitya vIra sevA mandira eka aitihAsika saMsthA hai ke vizeSajJa the| pApa aneka saMsthAtroM kA prati- jisake saMsthApaka paM0 jugalakizora jI mukhtAra haiM / nidhittva bhI karate the| unameM vIra sevA mandira ke to isa saMsthA meM zodha-khoja kA kArya hotA hai / jaina prApa prANa hI the| ve usake adhyakSa aura granthamAlA sAhitya aura itihAsa ke sambanyoM meM anveSaNa karane ke saMrakSaka the / mApa akAla, roga tathA prApatkAla vAlI yaha eka pramakha prAcIna saMsthA hai jisakI meM apane prAraNoM kI bAjI lagA kara bhI janatA janA sthApanA san 1627 meM huI thii| yaha saMsthA rajidena ko sevA karate the / sAdharmI vAtsalya kI prApa sTarDa hai| aba taka jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa ke meM kamI nahIM thii| atithi satkAra ke lie Apa sambandha meM isane bahuta-kucha chAna-bIna kI hai / pariprasiddha hI the| pApako jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa raNAmasvarUpa bahuta se lupta aura aprakAzita granthoM se itanA anugaga thA ki ve use apanI bImArI kI kI khoja hokara ve prakAza meM prA cuke haiM / kitane hI avasthA meM bhI kama nahIM kara sake-usakA kucha na prAcAryoM ke samaya nirNaya meM bhI zodha-khoja huI hai| kucha kAma karate hI rahe / pApa eka muyogya bAbUjI isa saMsthA ke maraNaparyanta adhyakSa rahe aura lekhaka the| prApake kaI mahatvapUrNa lekha bhanekAnta usakI pragati ke nimitta aneka yojanAoM kA prAdipatroM meM prakAzita huye haiM / prApa dAnAdi satkAryoM nirmANa kiyA tathA salAha mazavirA dete rahe / meM apane dravya ko lagAte rahate the| pApa eka saphala jaba kabhI 4-4, 5-5 mahine Thahara kara saMsthA ke vyApArI aura anusandhAnakartA bhI the| saMcAlana evaM vikAsa meM yogadAna dete rahe / saMsthA prApakI sevAnoM kA kSetra kevala jaina samAja kI prArthika sthiti ko sudhArane ke liye bAjI taka hI sImita nahIM thaa| ve sevA ko dharma aura satat prayatnazIla rahate the aura svayaM tathA apane iSTa kartavya mAnate the aura use nirapekSa bhAva se karate mitroM ko ucita preraNA dekara billiga, anekAnta the| ve sevA kArya meM itane tanmaya ho jAte ki zarIra mAsika aura anya prakAzana ke lie samucita prArSika kI asvasthatA kA dhyAna bhI nahIM rakha paate| sahayoga dete dilAte rahate the| isI se mukhtAra sAhaba

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bAbU jI kA bIra sevA mandira ko yogadAna ne san 1953 meM anekAnta meM likhA thA ki- "bAbU choTelAla jI se yadyapi zrArthika sahAyatA abhI taka mATha hajAra se Upara hI prApta huI hai parantu prApa saMsthA ke pradhAna haiM-prANa haiM, aura ApakA sabase bar3A hAtha isa saMsthA ke saMcAlana meM rahA hai / saMsthApaka sadA hI Apake satparAmarzo kI apekSA rakhatA bhAyA hai / saMsthA ko kitano hI prArthika sahAyatA Apake nimitta se tathA bhApakI preraNAoM se prApta huI hai| Apa sacce sakriya sahayogI haiM aura saMsthA ke viSaya meM Apake bahuta hI UMce vicAra hai / hAla meM Apane aura Apake choTe bhAI nanda lAla jI ne apanI svargIyA mAtAjI kI ora se vIra sevA mandira ko eka jamIna dariyAgaMja dehalI meM ansArI roDa para kharIdavA kara dI hai| jisa para bilDiMga banane ke liye samAja kA sahayoga khAsa taura se vAMchanIya hai / " bAbUjI ne bilDiMga ke nirmANa meM acchA sahayoga hI nahIM diyA kintu sAhU zAnti prasAda jI se usake liye acchI rakama bhI dilvaaii| itanA hI nahIM apanI zArIrika asvasthatA kA dhyAna na karate huye bhI grISma Rtu kI camacamAtI dhaura kar3akatI dhUpa meM bilDiMga nirmANArtha injIniyaroM dhAdi se unhoMne parAmarma kiyA aura svayaM baiTha kara icchAnusAra nirmANa kArya kraayaa| garmI kI isa bhISaNa tapana meM jabaki prAyaH sabhI dhanika varga ThaMDe aura zItala sthAnoM (masUrI bhAdi) meM jAte hai taba bAbUjI una khudhoM meM binA kisI svArtha ke vIra sevA mandira ke bhavana nirmANa meM dalavita rhe| prApako yaha mahAna sevA sacce samAja sevakoM meM satyaya pradarzana kA kAma karatI hai / isase pAThaka bAbUjI kA vIra sevA mandira ke prati hone vAlA sahaja nisvArtha praturAga tathA sevA kA mUlya grA~ka sakate haiN| unakA yaha mahAna sevA kArya yoM hI bhulAyA nahIM jA sakatA / vaha sadhye sevakoM ko preraNAdAyaka hai, aura rhegaa| vIra sevA mandira ke kAryoM se samAja meM jAgRti aura utsAha kA jo saMvardhana huA hai, aura jo zodha 46 khoja ko prazraya milA hai usa sabakA zreya bAbUjI ko hI prApta hai| 'anekAnta' meM bAbUjI kA sahayoga vIra sevA mandira (samantabhadrAzrama) kA mukhapatra anekAnta hai / usakA prakAzana san 26 meM mukhtAra sAhaba ne karola bAga dillI se kiyA thaa| patra ne eka varSa ke alpa samaya meM hI apanI rUpAti aura pratiSThA prApta kara lii| yaha eka zodha-patra hai. jisameM sAhityika aitihAsika dArzanika aura tulanAtmaka mahatvapUrNa lekha prakAzita hote haiN| eka varSa ke pazcAt anekAnta kA prakAzana makAna kI killata aura prArthika kaThinAI ke kAraNa banda karanA par3A / maura samantabhadrAzrama ko sarasAvA le jAnA pdd'aa| isI bIca bAbU choTelAlajI ne anekAnta kA prakAzana banda huA jAna kara mukhtAra sAhaba ko eka patra likhA thA ki "maiM anekAnta ke ghATe kI kula rakama 3600) rupayA apane pAsa se de dUMgA, Apa anekAnta kA prakAzana sthagita na kareM, aura apane aitihAsika kArya meM saMlagna rheN| mujhase jitanA bhI bana sakegA ApakI sevA ke lie prastuta rhuuNgaa|" parantu mustAra sAhaba usa samaya sarasAvA meM sevA mandira kI bilDiMga kA nirmANa karA rahe the dhataH uttara meM likhA ki meM Apake isa saujanya ke lie AbhArI huuN| abhI bilDiga ke nirmANa kArya meM vyasta hai / usake bAda anekAnta nikAlane kA prayatna kruuNgaa|" san 1941 meM anekAnta kA punaH prakAzana zurU ho gayA / yadyapi use bIca meM eka do bAra aura bhI mArthika kaThinAiyoM ke kAraNa kucha samaya ke lie banda karanA par3A / parantu bAda meM vaha punaH cAlU ho gayA / sana 1957 meM prArthika kaThinAI ke kAraNa anekAnta kA prakAzana banda karanA par3A; aura vaha 5 varSa taka barAbara banda rhaa| bAda meM kucha mitroM kI preraNA se bAbUjI ne aArthika sahayoga dilA kara san 62 meM prakAzita kiyaa| taba se praba taka usakA barAbara prakAzana ho rahA hai| bAbUjI

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti pratha anekAnta ke sampAdaka bhI rahe haiM aura lekhaka bhI. saba bAbUjI kI sojanya aura udAratA kA hI ApakA anekAnta ke 11veM varSa meM 'udagiri-khaNDa- pariNAma hai| giri paricaya' nAma kA sacitra lekha prakAzita hamA jaina lakSaNAvalI (lakSaNAtmaka jaina pArihai / ApakI anya mahatvapUrNa racanAe bhI anekAnta bhASika zabdakoSa) lakSaNa saMgraha kA yaha kArya lagameM prakAzita huI haiM / anekAnta ke prakAzana meM bAbUjI bhaga do sau digambara aura do sau zvetAmbara granthoM para kA bar3A yogadAna rahA hai| ve usakI mArthiva kaTi se huA hai aura unheM kAla krama se diyA gayA hai / nAI ko dUra karanA cAhate the aura use bahuta hI usa para se lakSaNa dAbdoM ke kramika vikAsa kA acchA uccakoTi kA zodha-patra banAnA cAhate the| anekAnta / parijJAna hotA hai, sAtha hI una una granthakartAmoM ke prakAzana meM unakA anta taka sahayoga rhaa| ke maulika, saMgRhIta evaM anukaraNAtmaka lakSaNoM kA unakA chor3A humA yaha mahAna kArya aba samAja ke sahI patA cala skegaa| adhikAMza granthakartAoM ke vidvAnoM aura dhanImAnI sajjanoM ke sakriya sahayoga samaya sambandha meM bhI prastAvanA meM vicAra kiyA me hI pUrNa ho sakatA hai| jAyagA / isase yaha grantha eka maulika kRti ke rUpa meM pratyeka vidvAna, risarca skaoNlara, lAiriyoM aura dhavalAdi siddhAnta granthoM kA samuddhAra svAdhyAya premiyoM ke lie bahamUlya siddha hogaa| mUDa bidrI ke 'siddhAnta vasadi bhaNDAra, kI svAdhyAyI janoM ko to tatva nirmANa meM isase vizeSa dhavalAdi granthoM kI tADapatrIya pratiyAM jINa-zIrNa mahAyatA milegii| isa grantha kA prathama bhAga prAyaH ho rahI thii| bAbU choTelAlajI ke satat prayatna me ve taiyAra hai| isake lie vAyU sAhaba varSoM taka pratiyAM zrImAna dharmasAmrAjya dvArA dillI lAI gaI nirantara preraNA karate rhe| unhoMne chapAI kI vyaaura unakA vIra sevA mandira kI ora se jIrNo- vasthA kA bhI prabandha kara diyA thaa| parantu ve dvArakArya nezanala pArkAIbja meM karAyA gayA aura apanI asvasthatA ke kAraNa dillI nahI pA ske| mUDabadrI meM una granthoM kA phoTo kArya sampanna kiyA unake Ane para grantha prema meM diyA jaataa| ve isa gyaa| yaha saba kArya bAbU sAhaba ke nirdezAnusAra mahatvapUrNa grantha ke prakAzana ke lie bahuta hI unake Arthika sahayoga me hI sampanna havA hai / utkauTita the| saMda hai ki unakI yaha abhilASA unake jIrNodvAra kA yaha kArya atyanta prAvazyaka thaa| jIvana kAla meM pUrNa na ho gakA / aba zIghra hI isase una granthoM ko prAyu kaI sau vaSoM taka ko pUrNa hogI ainI mAnA hai| aura bar3ha gaI hai| sevA kArya kI mahattA dhIra sevA mandira-grantha mAlA vIra sevA mandira unakI prANapriya saMsthA thii| vIra sevA mandira granthamAlA ke prakAzana meM bhI use apane prAdhika sahayoga ke mAtha apane ucca bAbu sAhaba kA pUrNa sahayoga thaa| ve usakI prAdhika vicAroM aura katavya parAyaNatA ge saMrakSita tathA kaThinAI ko dUra karane meM prayalagIla rahe hai| pari. saMcAlita kiyA thaa| yaha unakI sabase baDI dena hai| raNAmasvarUpa vahAM se 20-25 granthoM kA prakAzana prartha sahayoga prApta ho sakatA hai, parantu hara samaya hamA hai| prakAzita grantha bar3e hI mahatvapUrNa haiM aura saMsthA kI unnati kA dhyAna aura upayukta yojanAoM anamandhAnakartAmoM ke lie upayogI hai| saMsthA ko dvArA pallavita karane kI bAta alaga hai| jIvana prAdhika mahayoga ke mAtha samaya-samaya para bAbUjI aura dhana kA ni:svArtha upayoga karanA bar3A kaThina kA ucita parAmarza bhI milatA rahA hai / yaha hai| aise birale hI sabaka hote haiM jo jIvana ko

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bAbU jI kA vIra sevA mandira ko yogadAna dhArmika yA sAhityika sevA kArya meM khapA dete haiN| ve nispRha mUka samAja sevaka the| unakI bhAvanA bar3I uccakoTi kI thii| unhoMne thora sevA mandira ke atirikta jaina bAlAzrama dhArA, syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya, banArasa ko bhI aArthika sahayoga svayaM pradAna kiyA dhIra karAyA hai| itane sabhI kAryoM ko pharake bhI bAbUjI ne kabhI apanI prasiddhi nahIM pAhI / yaha saba kArya unhoMne niHspRha vRtti se sampanna kiye haiM jaba unase vivAda mAMgane gaye taba unhoMne 1 51 "Apane bhAI phUlacanda jI kA citra maMgAyAso mustAra sAhaba bhApa jAnate haiM hama loga nAma se sadA dUra rahe haiN| citra to unakA laganA cAhie jo dAna kreN| hama loga to mAtra parigraha kA prAyazcita-adhUrA hI karate haiM, phira bhI jarA jarA sI sahAyatA dekara itanA bar3A nAma karanA pApa nahIM to dambha zravazya hai / zrastu kSamA kreN| zrAnako zAyada yAda hogA inhIM bhAIsAhaba ko utsAhita kara zrArAma (jaina bAlA vizrAma) ko tIsa hajAra dinavAye the aura usa sahAyatA ke sambandha meM bhAja taka maine patroM meM jika taka na hone diyaa| vAstava meM dAna vahI hai jo binA kisI vijJApana ke diyA jAtA hai| usI gAtvika dAna kA phala loka meM uttama batalAyA gayA hai|" / spaSTa zabdoM meM inkAra kara diyA / ve nAmavarI me konoM dUra bhAgate the| unakI yaha hi vRti unake vyaktitva kI mahanA kA dyotaka hai / bAbujI dAna ko mAtra parigraha kA prAyazcina mAnate the / parigraha meM hotI hai usake prAyazcita kI bhAvanA kA barAbara banA rahanA unake viveka aura nAma kA sUcaka hai| isa sambandha me bAbU choTe vIra sevA mandira ko bAbU boTelAla jI kI lAlajI ke man 1941 ke patra ko nimna pani yahI mahatvapUrNa hai aura vaha sadA itihAsa taura se usanIya hai kI unhoMne mustAra gA0 ke nAma likhI thii| usase unakI mAnasika vicAravArA kA sahaja hI patA cala jAtA hai evaM gAhitya jagata meM svaroM meM pati raheMgI / samAja bAjI kI mUlyoM ke prati kRtaja rahegA | "saMsAra meM kyoM itanI khIMcA tAnI, bAMdhAbAMdhI aura bhale bure kA vivAda calatA hai| kyoM manuSya apane cAroM ora bahuta sI bhUloM aura vacanoM ko jamA karake svecchA se aMdhA bana rahA hai| dAridraya kA niSThura duHkha, dharma hInatA kI gaharI glAni thora nirbalatA se utpanna bhIrutA meM bhI badda chalanA aura abhimAna kA sAmAna hU~Dha letA hai|" Zhan Tuo Tai sari AdamI kI AvazyakatA AsAnI se nahIM miTatI / - pAbUjI kI DAyarI se

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bAbU choTelAla jI aura unakA vyaktittva bhI 'svatantra' sUrata choTA ho yA bar3A yadi vaha gudar3I meM lAla choTA ho yA bar3A yadi vaha gudar3I meM chipA hai taba bhI vaha camakatA hai / zrI bAbU choTelAla jI kalakattA isI taraha ke lAla the| unakA vyaktitva samAja para chAyA rahatA thaa| bAbUjI meM aneka vizeSatAyeM thI; ve kisI se mileM yA koI uname mile vaha choTA ho yA bar3A, raMka ho yA rAva, para Apa apanA prema, vAtsalya sauhArda milane vAle para ur3ela dete the| taba milane vAle ko lagatA thA ki mAnoM bAbUjI hamAre hI parivAra ke eka ananya sadasya haiM / bApUjI paMcavAda kI cAhAra dIvAroM, saMkoca vRti, sampradAyavAda kaumavAda, padalipsA, inase bahuta UMce uThe hue the| itanA hI nahIM, ina viSamatAoM ko gaharI khAI ko pATane kA bharasaka prayatna samaya-samaya para kiyA bhI thA / yaha satya hai ki zrApa nAma se patrakAra nahIM the para merI dRSTi meM Apa patrakAroM ke bhI patrakAra the / anekAnta patra ke to Apa saMcAlaka, vyavasthApaka evaM sampAdaka Adi sabhI kucha the| hamAre samAja meM aneka patrakAra haiN| jinameM kucha patrakAra nikamme, bhoDe, svArthI evaM prapAtra haiM aura patrakAritA ke nAte apanA ullU sIdhA karate haiN| kucha patrakAra aise haiM jo kevala apanI mAna pratiSThA ho cAhate haiM, jAnane kucha nahIM para unakA nArA hai ki hama hI saba kucha haiM hama jaisA koI sevaka ho hI nahIM sktaa| unakA durabhimAna bAlU ke pahAr3a para khar3A hokara ThahAkA mAratA hai aura sevA ke nAma para khA kamA jAnA unakA sAdhAraNa sA kAma hai| lekhaka kA mata hai ki aise patrakAra hamAre bAbUjI meM mArgadarzana lekara apane Apa meM paryApta sudhAra kara sakate haiM aura patra kAritA meM jo jagane vAle kalaMka haiM unase ve sahaja hI baca sakate haiM / bAbUjI san 1947 meM sUrata prAye the| Apake sAtha prApakI bhatIjI bhI thii| bhApa mere lekhoM dvArA apratyakSa rUpa se to jAnate hI the, sUrata ghAte hI Apane mujhe yAda kiyA aura meM prApase usI samaya milane gayA / dubalA patalA ikaharA gorAMga dArIra, cadame dvArA gaharAI se bhAMkate huye, hRdaya meM eka TIsa dabAye, prasanna mudrA, isa rUpa meM sarvaprathama maine bAbUjI ke darzana kiye the / yaha saca hai ki bAbUjI ne mujhe kabhI nahIM dekhA yA aura na maiMne bAbUjI ko dekhA thA mere mAte hI bApUjI ne kahA- mAiye svatantra jI bhAjakala to zrApa bahuta acchA likha rahe haiN| mAnava jIvana ko gati meM moDa dene ke liye dhApake lekha bar3e upayogI haiN| maine vinamratApUrvaka kahA- bAbUjI yaha saba grApa jaise mahAnubhAvo ke pavitra AzIrvAda aura sadbhAvanAoM kA pariNAma hai meM kicana isa yogya kahA~ ? jaisA ki Apa mujhe mAna rahe haiN| yaha vAkya meM pUrA nahIM kara pAyA thA ki Apane merA hAtha pakar3a kara apane pAsa baiThA liyaa| pArivArika paricaya ke bAda Apame sAmAjika evaM dhArmika paryAyeM hotI rahI carcAdhoM ke daurAna mujhe lagA ki bAbUjI kI vidvatA kisI bahu tajJa anubhavI karmaTha vidvAna se kama nahIM hai| sAmAjika prAndolanoM kA bhI prApako gaharA anubhava thA / itanA hI nahI, kisI prAndolana ke zrApa sUtradhAra zraura kisI Andolana ke zrApa saMcAlaka bhI rahe the / Apane mujhase eka bar3I mArmika bAta kahI jo merI dRSTi meM eka sUtra kI taraha hai / zrApake zabda nimna prakAra hai

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bAbU choTelAla jI aura unakA vyaktitva "bhAI svatantrajI ! loga sudhAra kI bAteM karate haiM, para ve apanA svayaM sudhAra nahIM krte| jo / jitanA kahatA hai utanA karane lage to vartamAna meM jo kucha bhI kaluSita gaMdA vAtAvaraNa dekha rahe haiM vaha kabhI kA naSTa ho jAye / " bAbUjI purAtatva ke khojI the| kAryoM meM Apa vizeSa ruci rakhate the / kAra bhI the aura sAhitya sevI bhI / zodha khoja ke Apa sAhitya bAbUjI apane sAtha tIrtha kSetroM kI philma bhI lAye the| mUrata meM navApurA sthita phUlavAr3I meM jaina samAja kI upasthiti meM philma pradarzana kiyA thA, sAtha meM bApa TippaNI bhI karate jAte the| TippaNI to nAma thA para vAstavikatA to yaha thI TippaNI ke rUpa meM ApakA bhASaNa aitihAsika tathyoM para prAdhAra rakhatA thA / sAdhAraNa janatA nahIM jAnatI hogI ki bAbUjI lekhaka the, aisA meM mAnatA hU~ para bAbUjI pacche khAne aitihAsika lekhaka the| sarvaprathama ApakI pustaka san 1923 meM " kalakatA jaina mUrti yantra saMgraha " prakAzita huI thI / phira san 1945 meM "jaina vibiliyo grAphI" prathama bhAga prakAzita huA thaa| zodha khoja ke kAryoM meM pApa bhAratIya vidvAnoM ko hI nahIM pitu pAzcAtya dezoM ke vidvAnoM ko bhI barAbara sahayoga dete rahate the / prAja aneka vidvAna pI0 eca0 DI0 hue haiM unameM adhikAMza vidvAnoM ne jana sAhitya aura itihAsa ke sambandha meM pUrA-pUrA sahayoga mahakAra bAbUjI se hI liyA hai / bAbUjI svayaM pI0 eca0 Do0 na hoM para bhApane anekoM 53 vidvAnoM ko pI0 eca0 DI0 banA diyA, yaha nissaMdeha kahA jA sakatA hai| bAbUjI kA jIvana mahAna thA aura bAbUjI mahAna the| prApakI karanI dhaura kathanI meM samAnatA thI aura usameM lekhaka ko mAnavatA ke darzana hote the| san 1960 ke akTUbara mAsa meM prAtaH smaraNIya pUjyapAda kSu0 gaNezaprasAda jI varNI kI janma jayantI IzarI me ThATabATa evaM zAna zaukata ke sAtha manAI gii| usa samaya sUrata se meM bhI gayA thA, mujhe mAlUma huA ki bAbU choTelAlajI ko TAIphAiDa cala rahA hai| meM usI samaya bAbUjI se milane gayA to dekhA ki bAbUjI ko 103 DigrI buvAra hai aura leTe hue 'paMca saMgraha prantha' (bhAratIya jJAna pITha kA prakAzana) par3ha rahe haiN| mene kahAbAbUjI grApa samaya kA ThIka-ThIka upayoga kara rahe haiN| bAbUjI ne kahA- hAM bhAI svatantra jI ! jaba upayoga dUsarI ora lagA rahatA hai taba vara kA dAha aura vedanA mAlUma hI nahIM hotii| bAbUjI ke isa uttara se mujhe mahAna prasannatA huii| zAma ko dekhA to Apa sTeja para bhASaNa dete hue vargIjI ke caraNoM meM zraddhAMjali arpaNa kara rahe the, dulAra isa samaya bhI thaa| bAbUjI kI yaha ghaTanA batAtI hai ki ve sahanazIla aura kaSTasahiSNu the / sahanazIlatA prora kaSTa sahiSNutA meM hI prApake jIvana kA nirmANa huA thaa| bAbUjI bahumukhI pratibhA ke dhanI the aura ApakA samUcA jIvana sAhitya evaM samAja kI sevA meM hI vyatIta hudhA /

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zraddhAMjaliyA gata 15 varSoM se zrI choTelAlajI se merA nikaTa samparka rahA thaa| unakI vicAradhArA kAryazailI evaM dUradarzI nirNayoM se meM prabhAvita rahA hai| pApake vyaktitva meM eka alaukika evaM bejor3a pratibhA kA prabhAsa milatA thA / zrApakI nirbhaya evaM spaSTa manovRtti kA digdarzana Apake dvArA anuprANita una katipaya sAmAjika samArohoM se hotA hai jiname Apane apanI maulika vicAradhArAoM ke AdhAra para, vyApta kurItiyoM ke unmUlana hetu aneka kAryakrama apanAe the| sAmAjika saMgaThana tavaM sAmUhika kAryapraNAlI meM prArambha se hI grApakA aTala vizvAsa thA evaM Apane apane jIvana meM aise aneka kArya kiye the jinage jaina samAja meM pArasparika prema evaM sadbhAvanA kI abhivRddhi huI hai| ApakA dRSTikoNa sadA hI sudhAravAdI evaM sAmaMjasya yukta thaa| prApako saumya prakRti ne to samAja ke pratyeka sadasya ke hRdaya meM Apake prati abhUtapUrva zraddhA utpanna kara dI thii| zrApake mAnasa meM maina kevala samAja prema hI nahIM varan mAnava mAtra ke prati sarAhanIya sneha kA dhanubhava kiyA hai| kaI sAmAjika saMsthAoM kI vyavasthA Apake saMcAlana meM sucAru rUpa se cala rahI thI / aise karmaTha kAryakartA ke nidhana se deza aura samAja kI mahAna kSati huI hai| mizrIlAla jaina meM zrImAn bAlAnajIko 40 varSoM se jAnatA huuN| bAbUjI ke nikaTa zrAne kA jinheM bhI avasara mila sakA hai ve unakI vidvattA aura saujanya se prabhAvita hue binA na raha ske| unake prabhAvazAlI vyaktitva se kauna aisA hai jo prabhAvita zrIra camatkRta na huA ho| zrApa jaina samAja ke una ratnoM meM se the jinakA prakAza vartamAna meM hI nahIM varan bhaviSya meM bhI sadaiva samAja ke navayuvaka kAryakartAoM kA patha pradarzana karatA rhegaa| / bAbUjI gata 50 varSoM se deza samAja evaM sAhitya kI sevA meM saMlagna the purAtattva sambandhI prApakA adhyayana tathA pranubhava bar3A gaharA thaa| bhArata ke bhinna-bhinna pradezoM meM bhramaNa karake prApane vahA~ se aneka mahattvapUrNa jaina purAtattva kI sAmagrI ko khoja nikAlA thaa| Apa khAsakara deza-videza ke jaMnaMtara vidvAnoM ko jaina sAhitya para zodhakArya meM barAbara sahayoga dete rahate the| Apa eka dAnIparopakArI evaM karmaTha kAryakartA the / / kaI avasaroM para Apane upakAra pAne kA saubhAgya mujhe bhI prApta huA hai| mujha para ApakI baDI kRpA thii| Apa apane patra me sadA mujhe 'pramabandhu' zabda se hI saMbodhita karate rahate the / yadyapi ApakA svAsthya hamezA kharAba rahatA thA to bhI pApa utsAha aura lagana ke sAtha samAja, deza evaM sAhitya kI sevA meM vyasta rahate the merI hArdika zubha bhAvanA hai ki prApakA saphala tathA pradarza jIvana sadaiva hI logoM ko apanA jIvana mAnava sevA meM vyatIta karane kI preraNA detA rhe| 1 ke0 bhujavatI zAstrI saM0 gurudeva' mUDabadrI (maMsUra ) 30 janavarI 66 ko prAtaH grahamA pracAra samiti hAla meM thI jaina sabhA ke tatvAvadhAna meM zrI lakSmIcandajI jaina kI pratyakSatA meM samasta jana samAja kI ora se eka zoka sabhA kA prAyojana kara jaina samAja ke netA zrI choTelAla jI jaina kI divaMgata dhAramA ke prati nimna prastAva dvArA zraddhAM jaliyAM arpita kI gaI

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zraddhAMjaliyA~ "kalakattA jaina samAja kI yaha sArvajanika sabhA jaina samAja ke netA dharmAnurAgI purAtatvavettA, ekatA ke samarthaka zrI choTelAlajI jaina ke prAka free fart para zoka prakaTa karatI hai| zrI choTelAla jI jaina ne grapane samaya meM sAmAjika, dhArmika sAMskRtika, tIrthakSetra, zikSA purAtatva tathA samAja sudhAra ke kSetroM meM ghapanA sakriya yogadAna diyA thaa| ve kalakattA jaina samAja kI prAyaH sabhI saMsthAoM meM apanA mahatvapUrNa sahayoga de rahe the jinake lie samAja unakA AbhAra mAnatA hai / jaina samAja unake prati hArdika zraddhAMjali arpita karate hue unake viyoga meM saMtapta parivAra ke prati saMvedanA prakaTa karatA hai, evaM unako mahAna AtmA kI zAMti ke liye prArthanA karatA hai|" zraddhaya bhAI jI ke nidhana ke samAcAra se bar3A duHkha humA paryApa unakA svAsthya pichale kucha samaya se hogA cala rahA thA, tathApi vaha kalpanA bhI nahIM thI ki unameM itanI jaldI bichoha ho jAyegA / unake nidhana se eka bahuta UMcA vyakti uTha gayA unakI sevAyeM aura unake gugA samAja evaM hama saba ko cirakAla taka anuprANita karatI raheM, aisI merI kAmanA zrIra prabhu se prArthanA hai| meM unheM apanI zraddhAMjali arpita karatA hU~ / yazapAla jana, sastA sAhitya maMDala ena-77 kanATasa naI dillI 55 ko vartamAna rUpa dene kA gamyataH unhIM ko hai / isa saMsthA ke dvArA unhoMne aneka lokopayogI pravRttiyoM kA saMcAlana kiyaa| vIra sevA mandira kI yaha grAma sabhA jaina dharma aura jaina samAja ke ananya sevI tathA jaina purAtatva ke vidvAna bAbU choTelAla jaina ke nidhana para gaharA zoka prakaTa karatI hai, aura bAbU choTelAla jI una ine-gine vyaktiyoM meM se the, jinhoMne apane jIvana ke bahuta se varSa sevA meM vyatIta kiye| vIra sevA maMdira hai samAja para bAbU bAbU choTelAla jI ke nidhana se jaina samAja kI vizeSa kara vIra sevA mandira kI jo kSati huI usakI pUrti kadApi nahIM ho sktii| vIra sevA mandira ke rUpa meM dillI jaina choTelAlajI kA bhArI RNa hai, aura yaha sabhA vizvAsa prakaTa karatI hai ki jaina samAja usake saMcAlana kI aisI vyavasthA karegI ki jaina dharma kI prabhAvanA kI dizA meM unakI UnI bhAvanAeM pUrNa ho ske| yaha sabhA divaMgata AtmA ke prati apanI hArdika zraddhAMjali arpita karatI hai aura prabhR se prArthanA karatI hai ki unakI dhAramA zAnta ucca pada prApta kare aura unake parivAra ke sAtha yaha sabhA sahAnubhUti prakaTa karatI hai| vIra gaMvA mandira dehalI zraddheya zrI bAbU choTelAla jI ke svargavAsa kA samAcAra sunakara stabdha raha gayA / vidhi kA vidhAna hI aisA hai, usa para kimI mAvA nhiiN| zrava bAhUjI ke cale jAne se bar3A jabardasta dhakkA lagA hai| aba dharya ke sivA koI cArA nahIM hai / ataH jinendra deva se prArthanA hai ki mRtAtmA ko zAnti evaM samasta samAja ko unake abhAva kA duHkha sahana karane kI zakti pradAna kreN| - bAbUlAla jaina, phAgulla, vArANasI zrI vAyu choTelAla jI jaina ke acAnaka viyoga kA hRdaya vidAraka duHkhada samAcAra pAkara cita bahuta hI dukhita ho rahA hai| dukhita hRdaya jugalakizora eTA

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti graMtha 56 hRdaya vidAraka samAcAra ko sunakara bahuta duHkha huA / bAnU choTelAla jI kA nidhana kuTumba ke liye hI nahIM, apitu samAja ke liye bhI prati duHkhadAyI hai / ApakI sAhitya sevA sadaiva amara rahegI / - candAbAI jaina jaina bAlA vizrAma, ArA, bihAra / zrI bAbU choTelAla jI jaina prava isa saMsAra meM nahIM rahe / yaha samAcAra samAja ke lie vajrAghAta ke samAna thA / bAbUjI ke prati zraddhAMjali arpita karane ke lie jaina saMskRta kAleja meM sabhA kara zoka prastAva pArita kiyA gayA evaM jayapura jaina samAja kI prora se bhI bar3e dIvANajI ke mandira meM eka zoka prastAva pArita kiyA gayA / cainasukhadAsa adhyakSa, zrI digambara jaina saMskRta kAleja jayapura (rAjasthAna) tyAga aura visarjana kI dIkSA meM siddhi prApta karanA hI hamArI saba se bar3I saphalatA hai / isI mArga kA avalambana lekara hamArI kitanI hI vidhavA bahineM jIvana kI sarvottama sArthakatA kA anubhava kara gaI haiN| + + + atr aura duHsaha nairAzya ke bIca aise bahuta dukha, bahuta manuSyoM ke bhAga meM, bahuta bAra Ae haiN| sukha-dukha kI isa paramparA meM koI navInatA nahIM hai| yaha utanI hI sanAtana hai jitanI ki sRSTi / uphanate hue zoka-sAgara kI laharoM ko saMsAra bhara meM phailA dene meM, na to koI pauruSa hai aura na hI isakI koI AvazyakatA hai| + + pati ko tyAga denA koI bar3I bAta nhiiN| use phira se pAne kI sAdhanA hI strI ke lie parama sArthakatA hai| apamAna kA badalA lene kI hor3a meM hI strI kI vAstavika maryAdA naSTa hotI hai. anyathA vaha to kasauTI hai jisa para kasa kara prema parakhA jAtA hai / anta taka sarvasva dAna karake hI AdamI yathArtha meM apane Apako pAtA hai / svecchA se duHkha svIkAra karane meM hI AtmA kI yathArtha pratiSThA hai / - bAbU jI kI DAyarI se

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bAbUjI : eka saMsmaraNa sAhU zrI zAntiprasAdajI jaina bAbU choTelAla jI ke sambandha meM likhane ke samasyAmoM kI carcA karate, pratyeka dizA meM jo kAma lie jaba-jaba udyata hamA vizeSa kara bhanekAnta' ke hamA hai aura jo karanA hai usakI vyavasthA prAdi ke smRti aMka ke lie. to unake sAtha ghaniSTa saMparka ke bAre meM vicAra vinimaya karate aura prAvazyaka bAtoM pichale paccIsa-tIsa varSoM ke itihAsa para mana-hI- kI ora dhyAna dilaate| unakI bAtacIta sadA hI mana vicAra karatA rahA aura likhane ke yogya aneka eka jharokhA thI jisake dvArA sthAnIya tathA bAhara ghaTanAeM, saMsmaraNa aura vicAroM kA prAdAna-pradAna kI sAmAjika gatividhiyoM kA saMpUrNa citra merI dikhAI diyA kintu vaha saba sthira hokara likhanA dRSTi meM prA jAtA thaa| vyavasAya ke kAmoM se maMbhava nahIM humA / smRti grantha ke lie saMkSepa meM virakta hone ke bAda apane jIvana ke antima 15 varSa apanA abhinandana pora zraddhAMjali vyakta kara rahA huuN| unhoMne jaina samAja aura jaina saMskRti kI sevA meM pUrI lagana ke sAtha arpita kara diye / mujhe barAbara bAya choTalAlajI ke prati mere mana meM jitanA lagA hai ki bAbU choTelAlajI ke svAsthya ne unakA prAdara hai, aura unheM mujhase, mere parivAra se jitanA sAtha diyA hotA, yadi una-jaisI lagana ke do cAra sneha thA vaha avismaraNIya hai| ve snehI the. hita kAryakartA unheM mila jAte to samAja kI aneka cinnaka the, aura satata sahayogI the| sana 1944 meM mahattvapUrNa yojanAmoM kA saphala-rUpa sAmane prAyA vIra zAsana jayantI ke avasara para kalakase meM hotA aura samAja kA, saMskRti kA, hita kaI gunA eka bar3e pAyojana meM unake sAtha dAyitva lene adhika humA hotA / apane bala-bUte para apanI ekAMta kA merA pahalA avasara thaa| usa avasara sAdhanA para unhoMne jo kiyA, jo ve kara sake, vaha para sara seTha hakamacandajI sabhApati the, maiM svAga kAma mahattva kA hai| jaina sAhitya ke saMdamoM kA tAdhyakSa thA aura ve saMyojaka tathA mntrii| usa saMkalana, 'jana cibliyogrAphI' ke rUpa meM svayaM itanA samaya se unakI lagana, kartavya niSThA. vidvAnoM ke bar3A kAma hai jo akele vyakti ke lie bahuta bar3I prati vAtsalyabhAva, jaina darzana, jaina purAtatva, jaina upalabdhi hai| udayagiri khaMDagiri ke mahattva ko sAhitya ke pracAra-prasAra, zodha-khoja ke lie unakI aitihAsika prAdhAra para pratiSThita karane aura isa cintA tathA mananazIla svabhAva kI jo chApa mere mana tIrtha ko bhAratavarSa ke mAnacitra para ujAgara karane para par3I vaha sadA pamiTa rhii| yaha ThIka hI hai ki kI dizA meM bhI unhoMne advitIya kAma kiyaa| ve vyakti nahIM, eka saMsthA the| jaba-jaba ve milate-pora kalakatte meM rahate hue aisA koI saptAha sAmAjika aura sAMskRtika kAryoM ke lie nahIM bItatA thA aba eka-do bAra ve mila na lete unake mana meM jo lagana thii| vaha unheM rAta-dina hoM taba-taba ye aneka sAmAjika aura sAMskRtika vyasta rakhatI thii| samAja kI pramukha saMsthAnoM

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bAbUjI : eka saMsmaraNa kI unnati kaise ho, unakI tAtkAlika samasyAyeM dharma-prabhAvanA kI hI bhAvanA nahIM hai, unakA apanA kyA haiM aura unake samAdhAna ke liye kyA karanA jJAna aura manana bhI kriyAzIla hai| nAhie amuka amuka vidvAna yA zodhachAtra kisa vicAroM meM ve bar3e udAra the| samAja meM viSaya para kAma kara rahA hai aura usakI prAvazya- ghAmika prAsthA bar3he, tatvajJAna kA pracAra aura jaina katAyeM kyA haiM. pUrvI tathA uttarI bhArata ke hI nahIM, kalA kA paricaya vyApaka ho isa prayAsa ke sAthadakSiNa bhArata ke tIrtha kSetroM para vahA~ kyA mahattvapUrNa sAtha vaha yuga ke anukUla samAjika sudhAroM ke bhI hai aura vahAM kI jaina samAja kI sthiti kyA hai isa saba kI ve khoja khabara rakhate the| samAja ke sarva- mahayoga dete rahanA, unakA sahayoga prApta karanA sAdhAraNa vyakti bhI unheM itanA prAtmIya mAnate the aura dhIre-dhore nayI jAgRti, naye cintana ko mora ki nijI athavA sthAnIya samasyA nissaMkoca unake unheM pragrasara karanA tathA jaina dharma kI mAtmA ko sAmane rakhate the aura AzA karate the ki ve apane ruDhi-mukta karanA ye saba bar3I sahanazIlanA bhora nijI sAdhanoM athavA apane saMpakoM ke pradhAra para dhoraja kA kAma hai| unake mana kI sahaja gati isI avazya koI hala nikAleMge koI sahAyatA deMge yA prakAra kI thii| yahI kAraNa hai ki unake mAtha mere prApta kara deMge / jaba-jaba be milate saba prakAra kI vicAroM aura bhAvanAmoM kA sAmaMjasya baiThatA thA samasyAoM ko bar3I sahAnubhUti pUrvaka mere sAmane aura hama loga mila kara sAmAjika kSetra meM itanA rakhate / isa prakAra dUra kI samasyAyeM bhI mere lie kucha kara sake / nikaTa kI bana jAtI aura yathA-sAdhya unake nivAraNa bAba choTelAla jI prArambha se hI bhAratIya kA prayatna hotA rhtaa| jJAnapITha ke dugTI the aura saMcAlaka samiti ke sadasya / jJAnapITha ke sAMskRtika-dhArmika prakAzanoM jaina vidvAnoM meM to unake nikaTa-tama saMparka ye ke kAryakrama meM unhoMne madA vyaktigata ruci lI aura hI, ve una jainaitara vidvAnoM se prAtmIyatA bar3hAte bhAratIya sAhitya kI unnati kI dizA meM jo yojajo jana sAhitya, jaina darzana yA jaina kalA ke kSetra meM nAyeM jJAnapITha ne banAI una sabako hArdika samarthana kAma karate the| ina vidvAnoM para bAda choTelAlajI diyaa| ve eka aimA prabhAva choDa gaye jisako prati kA preraNA prabhAva isalie vizeSa rUpa se par3atA thA maba asaMbhava laga rahI hai| unake madhura vyaktila ki ve jAnate the ki unakI isa lagana ke pIche kevala aura unake akapaTa sneha kI smRti amara rhegii|

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sAhitya aura purAtattva premI, bAbUjI trijayasiMha nAhara, ema. ela. e., kalakattA sAhitya aura purAtatva ke premI vidvAn bAta choTelAlajI jaina ke nidhana se kevala jaina samAja ne hI eka ujjvala ratna ko nahIM khoyA parantu sAre purAtatva jagata ko hAni pahu~co / sarala svabhAva, sadA mamukha farar choTelAlajI se jo bhI milatA unake caraNa se gadgad ho jaataa| mujhe yAda AtA hai jaba meM chAtra thA bAbU choTela lajI hamAre parama pUjya pitAjI sva0 pUraNacandajI nAhara ke pAsa Ate aura jaina zodha khoja kI vAteM hotI / mujhe ho unako sAtha lekara pitAjI ke pustakAlaya "zrI gulAba kumArI lAyabrerI" meM unako kitAba dikhAne le jAnA hotA / zratyanta zraddhA se, manana se pustakeM dekhane aura unase apane khAne meM naMTa krte| hame samajhAte ki jaina sAhitya meM samudra aimA gaMbhAra hai. khoja ke nikAlane se hara viSaya kA pAMDityapUrNa samAdhAna prApta hogA / san 1933 ko bAta hai, meM kalakattA kAraporedAna ke cunAva meM khar3A huyA / bAbU choTelAla jI eka dina prAye | mujha se kahA ki tumheM karA madada caahie| unhoMne kaI gAr3iyA~ bheja do aura unake paricita kaI voTaroM ke pAsa mujhe le gye| ve svayaM zrAye / maiMne unase koI nivedana nahIM kiyA thA / kyoMki ve hamAre cunAva ilAke se bAhara rahate the / kitanA prema thA eka samAja ke navayuvaka ke prati / kaI sAla hue jaba meM baMgalora jA rahA thA unase bAta huii| unhoMne mujhe mUlavitrI darzana karane ko kahA aura vahAM jo alaga-alaga javAharAta kI prAcIna jaina pratimAyeM hai usakA varNana kiyaa| khuda kaSTa kara kaI mitro ko patra likhA jisase mujhe sahUliyata rhe| zarIra svastha hote hue bhI utsAha kA prabhAva nahIM / unheM dekhA hai jaba-jaba koI vidvAn unake pApa prAye aura koI pustaka kI jarUrata par3I to mujhe TelIphona karate aura svayaM hI una vidvAn ko lie pahu~ca jAte aura pustakeM dilAte / koI zrAlam unake pAsa nahIM thA / purAtatva viSaya kI kaI pustakeM unakI likhI huI haiM / aisiyATika sosa. ITI ke hI sadasya the| prAcIna jaina lekhoM se unakA pra ema thA aura unheM prakAzita karate rahane / deza videzoM ke aneka vidvAno se unakA paricaya thA / patra prAte rahate aura mitroM ko ve saba patra dikhAte aura una patroM ke viSaya meM mAlocanA bhI karate tAki unakI jijJAsA ko pUrNa karake uttara dene meM sahUliyata ho / sva0 bAnU choTelAlajI jaina 'mRti graMtha prakAzita ho rahA hai / zrAzA hai isase jaina vidvAnoM ko eka rAstA milegA, preraNA prApta hogI / meM usa divaMgata AtmA ke prati apanI hArdika zraddhAMjali nivedana karatA hU~ /

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zraddhAJjali sva0 bAbU choTelAlajI jaina kI sevAoMoM ke prati zraddhAMjali prakaTa karane ke lie zrI choTelAla jaina smRti grantha samiti, eka smRti grantha kA prakAzana kara rahI hai / eka dAnI, paropakArI, sAhitya evaM samAja kI sevAdhoM meM apanA sArA jIvana samarpita karane vAle mahAnubhAva ke saMsmaraNa zraura unake prati kRtajJatA jJApana kA yaha prAyojana sarAhanIya hai / pracchA hotA yadi yaha unake jIvanakAla meM ho abhinandana ke rUpa meM sampanna ho jAtA / digambara jaina samAja kalakatA aura vIra sevA mandira dillI tathA tIrtha kSetra kameTI ke pramukha kAryakartA hone ke nAte merA aura mere gharAne kA unase saMparka rahA hai| purAtatva ke anveSaNa meM sva0 bAbUjI ne saphala prayatna karate hue saikar3oM vidvAnoM ko isa sambandha meM sahayoga diyA hai| unake protsAhana ke phalasvarUpa madhyapradeza ke pratibhAzAlI purAtatvajJa zrI nIraja, satanA apane pradeza ke purAtatva evaM zilAlekhoM ke anveSaNa meM prayatnazIla haiM / mai sva0 bAbUjI kI sArvajanika, sAmAjika evaM sAhityika sevAoM kA hRdaya se samAdara karate hue isa avasara para unake prati zraddhAMjali arpita karatA hU~ / - rAjakumAra siMha MA. LLB F.R.E.S.; F. R.G.S. indaura

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jyoti-zikhA ko antima praNAma lakSmIcanda jaina janavarI 1666 ke tIsare saptAha kI bAta hai; dekha lIjie, kyA hai|" maiM vicalita ho gyaa| bAbU choTelAlajI bImAra the aura kalakatta ke mAra- maiMne unheM prAzvasta karane kA prayatna kiyA / 'bhAI vADI rilIpha mosAyaTI ke haspatAla meM upacArArtha sAhaba, mApane itanA kucha kiyA hai akele, ki ve eka prAiveTa kaibina meM lagabhaga ardha caitanya prApakA kRtitva sadA smaraNa rhegaa| pApa vyAkUla avasthA meM leTe hA the| maiM umI zAma dillI jA na hoN| pApa jo bIja bo gaye haiM. aura pAla-posa rahA thA aura jAne se pahale unake darzana avazya kara gaye haiM vaha phUla de rahA hai| phana de rahA hai / prAja lenA cAhatA thaa| kyoMki bImArI usarottara bar3ha jaina sAhitya kA pracAra-prasAra adhika sugama ho gayA rahI thI aura kucha ThikAnA nahIM thA ki kyA ho hai| sAhitya sRjana kI aora bhI logoM kI ruci huI jaaye| meM pahu~cA to kamare meM parivAra kI kevala hai| jainetara vidvAnoM meM jaina dharma ko jAnane-samajhane eka mahilA hI thiiN| bheTa kA vaha samaya bhI nahIM kI vAstavika jijJAsA hai| virodha bhAva prAyaH nahIM thA ki bhIr3abhAr3a hotii| bAbU choTelAlajI prAMkheM hai| isa saba meM ApakA vizeSa hAtha hai|" / banda kiye par3e the| vedanA kitanI tho yaha to spaSTa maiM cAhatA nahIM thA ki bAta lambI bar3he aura nahI thA kintu use sahana karane ke prayatna kI chApa bAba choTelAlajI ko adhika thakAna ho| bIca-bIca muskha para aMkita thii| phira bhI cehare kA bhAva mudu meM unheM khAsI bhI uTha rahI thii| maiMne kahA-"prAja aura zAnta thaa| maiM pAsa kI kursI para cupacApa baiTha rAta kI gAr3I se meM dillI jA rahA huuN| lauTa kara gyaa| do-cAra miniTa meM hI unhoMne prA~kheM kholI darzana kruuNgaa| taba taka prApakI tabiyata bhI kAphI aura mujhe dekha kara apanA dukhadarda bhUla kara harSa se kucha ThIka ho jAyegI / " ve eka phIkI haMsI muskagadgat dikhe aura bole-'pApa kitanI dera se baiThe haiM, rAye / bole-acchA prApako phira dera ho rahI hogii| maiM zAyada so rahA hUM, aisA prApako lagA hogA, prApa jaba prAyeMge taba"", dekhie|' maiMne pahalIbAra lekina meM mo nahIM pAtA : prApako cAhie thA unake caraNa chaye.."aura antima baar| ve vicamujhe jagA lete|' itanA kaha kara unhoMne pAnI mAMgA. lita ho gae...'pApa yaha kyA kara rahe haiM ?' me bAta karane kA utsAha jitanA prAkula thA, durbalatA jaldI-jaldI jIne se utara gyaa| lagA jaise kisI utanI hI mukhara / bole-lakSmIcandajI, jIvana kA tIrtha kI vandanA kI ho, kisI sAdhu ke caraNa chuye kucha bharosA nhiiN| koziza kara rahA hUM ki pari- hoM; kyoMki jIvana kI antima sandhyA meM vaha mahANAma zAnta raheM aura roga kA prabhAva vyAkula na puruSa 'bAbU choTelAla' ko saMjJA se kahIM bahuta Upara kre| kitanA kucha kAma karane ko par3A raha gayA; uThakara roga-zaiyA ko aura roga kI vedanA kI mere svAsthya ne sAtha nahIM diyA aura aba to hAlata sImAnoM ko pAra karake nirAkula, nirvikalpa jJAna

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jyoti-zikhA ko antima praNAma aura cintana kI dIpa-zikhA sA udbhAsita thA- karanI hotii| usameM se kucha aMza par3ha dete paura patra- . sneha-tarala ! lekhaka kI samasyA ko apanI banA kara isa prakAra jaba pahalI bAra vIrazAsana jayantI ke avasara prastuta karate ki jisase jo kucha bana par3atA baha para kalakatte meM unase bheMTa huI thI to apratyakSa karane ko taiyAra ho jaataa| svayaM unhoMne kyA-kucha paricaya kI zraddhA meM pratyakSa sAkSAtkAra kI gahana kara diyA hai yaha ve prAyaH nahIM batAte-prAtmazlAghA prAtmIyatA prA-jaDI thii| pahale se hI ve eka unakA guNa kabhI bhI nahIM rhaa| kaI bAra merA 'lIjeMDa' the, 'eka purA-kathA ke se paatr|' jaisAhitya mana hotA ki jisa patra meM se vaha aMza par3ha rahe haiM aura jaina purAtatva ke kSetra meM niSThApUrvaka kAma vaha pUrA patra meM dekha pAtA kyoMki usa pramaka vyakti karane vAle vidvAna aura preraka ke rUpa meM unheM jAnA na sAhU zAntiprasAdajI ko bhI patra likhA hotA thA. thA / aba unake prAkarSaka vyaktitva ke aneka grAyAma yA kabhI-kabhI mujhe bhI, aura samasyA ko kimI pratyakSa hue| jisa kisI vyakti meM unheM jJAna kI dUsara pahalU se prastuta kiyA hotA-jo svAbhAvika camaka yA kSamatAnoM kI saMbhAvanA yA kucha bhI prasA- bhI thA-; kintu patra mAMgane meM mujhe saMkoca hotA dhAraNa-sA dikhA, use ve samasta hRdaya se apanA lete| mora unheM dene meN| kAraNa donoM bhora se samAna the| unake isa apanAne kA artha eka prora to hotA thaa| hotA-maiM jAnanA cAhatA thA ki itane lambe patra akRtrima sneha aura dUsarI pora eka vizeSa prakAra kA meM aura kyA-kyA likhA hai jo samasyA ke anya dAyitva-boSa ki bAya choTelAlajI ke saMparka meM meM pahalumoM se saMdarbhita hai, aura ve nahIM cAhate hote pahalumA sa sadAbhata Ane aura unakA sneha pAne kA artha hai usake yogya ki jisa vyakti ne khula kara aneka-aneka bAteM apanI banane aura bane rahane kA prayatna / ve yoM to itane parAI likhI hai ve saba dUsaroM taka phuNceN| unakI nirabhimAnI aura niHzalya the ki yadi koI unake isa mahimA kI gaharI chApa mere mana para par3I hai| sneha se aura usa sneha ke adhikAra se mukta honA dhI sAhU zAntiprasAdajI kI aneka sAmAjikacAhe, ucchaM khala honA cAhe, yA upakAra ke prati sAhityika pravRttiyoM se sambandhita hone kA prartha mere apakArI honA cAhe to ho le-kahIM koI rukAvaTa lie yaha thA ki bAbU choTelAlajI kA satata sAnidhya nahIM thii| unake pAsa koI daMDa-pAza thA hI nahIM pAU~ / jJAna aura anubhava ke aneka khAlI kakSoM ko sakriya virodha bhI nahIM thA-eka sarala sI pratikUla ve apane vyaktitva kI samRddhi se bharate the| merA pratikriyA bhI una para bhArI par3atI thii| sArI jaina yaha saubhAgya rahA hai ki sAhUjI ne mujhe nirdezana samAja se unake saMparka the| saba koI apanI samasyAyeM bhI diyA hai aura kArya karane kI svataMtratA bhii| kaI bejhijhaka unake pAsa likha bhejane the-pradhikatara bAra aise avasara bhI prAte the jaba kisI vipaya yA prAthika yA vyaktigata kaTinAI kI yA kisI vyakti ke sambandha meM, eka vizeSa pRSThabhUmi ke mAdhyama se apanA koI kAma sAdhane kA anurodha / aAdhAra para likhA gayA nirNaya bAbU choTelAlajI ina saba cintAmoM ko ve apane Upara pror3ha lete the| kI sammati ke sAtha mela nahIM khAtA thaa| vizeSa unakA daphtara unake sAtha calanA thaa| bAta karate. kAraNa yaha hotA thA ki unakI dRSTi meM sadA hI karate va jeba meM hAtha DAlate-eka liphAphA nikA. pratyeka vyakti ke prati sahAnubhUti kA prAtareka rahatA lane jimameM Dhera sArI ciTriyA~ hotii| saba milI- thA ataH anuzAsana kA vyakti-nirapekSa rukha be julI aura phira dhIre-dhIre saMbhAla kara eka-eka bahuta kama samajhanA cAhate the| yUbI yaha ki apane kAgaja banda kA banda chA~Tane jAte aura koI eka yA vicAra yA apanI asahamati pragaTa kara dene ke bAda do kAgaja nikAla lete| jinake bAre meM unheM carcA sAmUhika nirNaya ke sAtha ho jAte the| lekina

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti grantha samUha mujhe lagatA hai aise avasaroM para kartavyoM kI dvividhA meM ke nirNaya ko mAnyatA dete hue bhI vAsta vika sahAnubhUti unakI vyakti ke prati hI rahatI thii| yojanAyeM unakI bar3I-bar3I hotI thIM kyoMki na utsAha kI kamI hotI thI, na sAdhanoM kI, na parikalpanA ke vivaraNoM ko lagatA thA ki eka mahatva pUrNa kadama uThA liyA gayA, eka bahuta bar3I bAta hone vAlI hai, kadama ThIka dizA meM bar3ha rahe haiM kintu maMjileM dUra raha jAtI thIM. mAdamI pIche chUTa jAte the--gAmI rahane the to kevala bAbU choTelAlajo apanI bhAvanAoM meM sadA hare-bhare / kAraNa ki unakA mana prakAza ke mahat vistAra meM tairatA thA lekina roga jarjara zarIra dharA para uThAye gaye pagoM kA saMtulana nahIM bhAna pAtA thaa| roga jitanA hI . 56 cha prAkrAmaka hotA, usase jUjhane kA unakA pAgraha utanA ho prabala ho uThatA aura jaba jIta roga kI hotI to svastha hone kI pratIkSA dUbhara ho uThatI aura adhUre kAryakramoM ko svAsthya ke agale caraNa meM jaldI se jaldI pUrA kara lene kI vyagratA tana-mana ko phira jhakajhora jAtI / roga kI tIvratA aura kArya kara DAlane kI vyapatA kI hor3a kA pariNAma hotA adhika roga, adhika durbalatA aura yaha krama calatA rahatA / unake kRtitva ke aneka AyAmoM ko carcA abhinandana grantha meM hogI hI usa sabake, paripekSya meM merI paloM ke sAmane taira jAtI hai janavarI 1966 kI saMdhyAkI vaha jyoti zikhA jise maiMne zraddhApUrvaka praNAma kiyA thA aura jisake bAloka meM sneha - sikta hone kA saubhAgya mujhe milA thaa| /

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gAyanti devAH kila gItakAni dhanyAstu te bhAratabhUmi bhaage| svargApavargAspadahetubhUte bhavanti bhUyaH puruSAH suratvAn // -viSNupurANa 111114

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SABRETO bAbuchoTelAla jaina smRtigraMtha khaNDa itihAsa, purAtattva evaM zodha

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prAcIna bhAratIya vastra aura veza-bhUSA gokula candra jaina, ema0 e0 prAcArya, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, vArANasI somadevakRta yazastilaka (656 I0) meM bhAratIya tathA videzI vastroM ke aneka ullekha haiM / ina ullekhoM se eka pora prAcIna bhAratIya vezabhUSA kA patA calatA hai, dUsarI dhora prAcIna bhArata ke samRddha vastrodyoga evaM videzI vyApArika sambandhoM para bhI prakAza par3atA hai| bhAratIya sAhitya meM vastroM ke paryApta ullekha milate haiM / kintu yazastilaka ke ullekhoM kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki unase kaI - eka vastroM kI sahI pahacAna pahalI bAra hotI hai / ina vastroM ko mukhyatayA do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai 1. sAmAnya vastra 2. sile hue vastra sAmAnya vastroM meM netra, cIna, citrapaTI, paTola, rallikA, dukUla, prAMzuka aura kauzeya Ate haiM / pozAkoM meM kaMcuka, vAravAraNa, caulaka, caNDAnaka. paTTikA, kaupIna, vaikakSyaka, uttarIya, paridhAna, upasaMkhyAna, nipola, uSNISa, bhAvAna, covara aura kapaTa kA ullekha hai / kucha anya gRhopayogI vastroM meM haMsatulikA, upadhAna, kanthA, namata, vitAna, celacorI mAye haiM. ina vastroM kA vizeSa paricaya nimna prakAra cIna, citrapaTI, paTola aura rallikA kA ullee for meM eka sAtha huA hai / sabhA maNDapa meM jAte samaya samrAT yazodhara ne dekhA ki ghor3oM ko ukta vastroM kI joneM pahanAI gaI haiM / ' yazastilaka ke ullekhoM se ina vastroM para vizeSa prakAza nahIM par3atA, isalie inakA sahI paricaya somadeva ke pUrvAnarakAlIna sAhitya se prApta karanA hogA / netra - zrutadeva ne netra kA artha patalA paTTakUla kiyA hai| isase adhika jAnakArI yaza* talaka se se nahIM milatI / netra ke viSaya meM DA0 vAsudeva zaraNa agravAla ne harSacarita eka sAMskRtika adhyayanaH tathA jAyasI ke 'padamAvata' meM sarvaprathama vizeSa rUpa se prakAza DAlA hai| isake pUrva kisI bhI hindI yA pragrejI grantha meM netra kA itanA vizada vivecana nahIM kiyA gyaa| usI sAmagrI ke prAdhAra para taMtra kA paricaya isa prakAra hai netra eka prakAra kA mahIna rezamI vastra thA / yaha kaI raMgoM kA hotA thA / isake thAnoM meM se kATa kara taraha-taraha ke vastra banA liye jAte the / sAhitya meM netra kA ullekha sabase pahale kAlIdAsa ne kiyA hai / 3 bAra ne netra ke bane vibhinna prakAra ke vastroM kA kaI bAra ullekha kiyA hai / mAlatI dhule hue sapheda netra kA banA keMculI kI taraha halakA kaMcuka pahane thI / harSa nirmala jala se 1. netracIna citrapaTIpaTolarallikAdyA vRtadehAnAM vAjinAm, yaza0 saM0 pU0 pU0 368 2. netrANAM sUkSmapaTTkUlavAralAnAm, yazaH saM0 pU0, pR0 368. saM0 TIkA 3. netrakrameoparurodhasUryam, raghuvaMza 7/26 4. starvalanetranimitena nirmokalaghutareNAprapadIna-kaMcukena, harSacarita, pR0 31

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti graMtha 58 dhule hue nevasUtra kI paTTI bAMdhe hue eka adhovastra pahane the| bANa ne anya prasaMga para anya vastroM ke sAtha netra ke lie bhI aneka vizeSaraNa diye haiMsAMpa kI keMculI kI taraha mahIna, komala kele ke gAme kI taraha mulAyama, phUMka se ur3a jAne yogya halake tathA kevala sparza se jJAta hone yogya bANa ne likhA hai ki ina vastroM ke sammilita prAcchAdana se hajAra-hajAra indradhanuSo jaisI kAnti nikala / rahI thii| isa ullekha se raMgIna netra kA patA lagatA hai| vANa ne chApedAra netra ke bhI ullekha kiye haiN| rAjyadhI ke vivAha ke avasara para khambhoM para chApedAra maMtra lapeTA gayA thaa| eka anya sthAna para chApedAra netra ke bane sUcanoM kA ullekha hai| sambhavatayA netra kI vinAvaTa meM hI phUlapattiyoM kI bhAMta DAla dI jAtI ho| nAkara meM caudaha prakAra ke netroM kA ullekha hai / 10 caudahavIM zatI taka baMgAla meM netra athavA neta eka majadUta rezamI kapar3e ko kahate the| isakI pAcUr3I pahanI aura bichAI jAtI thii|" padamAvata ke ullekhoM se jJAta hotA hai ki solahavIM zatI taka netra kA pracAra thA, jAyasI ne tIna bAra netra athavA neta kA ullekha kiyA hai / ratanasena ke zayanAgAra meM agara candana potakara neta ke parade lagAye gaye the / 12 padamAvatI jaba calatI thI tI nela ke pAMvar3e bichAye jAte the| eka anya prasaMga meM bhI mArga meM neta bisAne kA ullekha hai / 14 / maNDita hai bhojapurI lokagItoM meM neta kA ullekha prAyaH bhAtA hai| 14 baMgalA meM bhI neta ke ullekha milane (netara yAMcate carma mati kariyA ghara para vAzini pole, arthAta neta ke prAMta meM camar3e se DaMkI huI strI rUpI vyAghrI para ghara meM posI jA rahI hai, dhamaMmaMgala meM gorakhanAtha kA gIma) 16 cIna - cIna kA prarthava tadeva ne cIna deza meM hone vAle vastra kA kiyA hai| 17 somadeva ke bahuta samaya pahale se bhAratIya jana cIna deza meM bhAne vAle vastroM se paricita ho cuke the| DA0 motIcanda ne "bhAratIya vezabhUSA" meM cIna deza meM mAnava me va ke viSaya meM paryApta jAnakArI dI hai| usake AdhAra para una yatroM kA paricaya yahAM diyA gayA hai| 5. vimalapayo dhonena netrasUtranivezazIbhinAdharavAmasA, vahI, pR0 70 6. nirmokanimaiH, akTorarambhAgarbhakomalaiH, nizvAsahAyeM, sparzAnumeye: vAmobhiH vahI, pR0143 7. sphuradvibharindrAyudhamaha riva saMcAditam vahI, pRSTha 143 8. citrapaTaveSTyamAnaMzca stambhaH, vahI pRSTha 143 , 1. utrinetrakumArasvasthAnasthagita jaMpAkANDe vahI, pRSTha 206 10. hariNA, veganA, nakhI, sarvAga, garu, sucIna, rAjana, paMcaraMga, nIla, harita, pIta, lohita, citravarNa evambidha caturdaza jAti neta deyu // ratnAkara, pRSTha 22 11. tamonAzacandradAsa -grAsapaikTasa zrApha baMgAlI sosAyaTI phAma baMgAlI liTarecara, pRSTha 180-181 12. vara jUDi tahAM sovanArA agara pati sukha neta mohArA / pravAla- padmAvata 3364 13. pAlaka pAMva ki mAhipATA netA jona vATA / vahI 4857 14. neta vidyAvA vATa, vahI, 64118 15. rAjA dazaratha dvAre citra urehana, Upara neta phaharAmu hai| janapada, varSa 1 a 3, apraila 1936, pR0 52 / 16. udbhuta, agravAla, padmAvata, pRSTha 336 17. cInAnAM cInadezotpannavastrANAm yaza0 maM0 pU0 0 336, maM0 TI0

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prAcIna bhAratIya vastra aura veza-bhUSA madhya aiziyA ke prAcIna patha para bane hue eka hote haiM, jinameM bunAvaTa meM hI phUlapattiyoM kI bhAMta cInI rakSAgRha se eka rezamI thAna milA, jisa para DAla dI jAtI thI / baMgAla ina vastroM ke lie sadA I0 pU0 pahalI zatAbdI kI brAhmI meM eka purajA se prasiddha rahA hai / vANabhaTTa ne likhA hai ki prAgjyo. lagA humA thaa| yaha isa bAta kA dyotaka hai ki tiSezvara (mAsAma) ke rAjA ne zrIharSa ko upahAra bhAratIya vyApArI cInI-rezamI kapar3e ko khoja meM meM jo bahumUlya vastuyeM bhejI unameM citrapaTa ke takiye cIna ko sImA taka itane prAcIna kAla meM pahu~ca gaye bhI the, jinameM samUra yA pakSiyoM ke bAla yA roe the|15 bhare the|23 cIna deza se Ane vAle vastroM meM sabase adhika ullekha cInAMzuka ke milate haiM / 16 yaha eka rezamI paTola-paTola kA artha yazastilaka ke saMskRta vastra thA / vRhat kalpasUtra bhASya meM isakI vyAkhyA TIkAkAra ne paTTa kUla vastra kiyA hai / 24 gujarAta meM kozakAra nAmaka kIDe se athavA cIna janapada ke abhI bhI paTolA nAmaka sAr3I banatI hai tathA isakA bahuta patale rezama se bane vastra se kI gaI hai / 20 vyavahAra hotA hai| isa sAr3I ko lar3akI kA mAmA vivAha ke avasara para use bheMTa karatA hai / yaha sAr3I cInAMzuka ke atirikta cIna aura vAha lIka se bAMdha raMgane kI vidhi se raMge gaye tAne-bAne se bher3oM ke Una, pazma (gaMkava), rezama (kITaja) aura vanatI hai| isakI binAvaTa meM sakarapAre par3ate haiM, paTTa (paTTaja) ke bane vastra mAne the| ye ThIka nApa ke, jinake bIca meM tipatiye phala hote hai| kabhI kabhI khuzanumA gaMgavAle tathA sparza karane meM mulAyama hote alaMkAroM meM hAthiyoM ko paMkti, per3a-poce, manuSyathe / ina dezoM se namade (kTrIkRta) kamala ke raMga ke prAkRtiyAM aura cir3iyA bhI hotI haiM / 25 hajAroM kapar3e, mulAyama rezamI kapar3e tathA memanoM kI khAleM bhI pAtI thii|21 rallikA-rallikA kA artha yagastilaka ke citrapaTo-yazastilaka ke saMskRta TIkAkAra saMskRta TIkAkAra ne rakta kabala kiyA hai| ne citrapaTo kA artha raMga-biraMge sUkSma vastra kiyA ratnaka eka prakAra kA mRga hotA thA jisake Una hai| 22 citrapaTI yA citrapaTa ve jAmadAnI vastra jJAta se yaha kapar3A banatA thaa| somadeva ne jaMgala kA 18. sara pArala sTAhana-eziyA mejara, hartha enivarsarI bAnuma 1923, pR0 367-372 16. prAcAroga, 2,14,6 / bhgvtii,33,9| anuyogadvAra 36, nizItha 7,11 / praznavyAkaraNa 4,4 20. kozikArAkhyA.kRmiH tasmAjjAtama , athavA cInAnAm janapadaH tatra yaH zlakSaNatarapaTa.tasmAjjAtam vRhatvalpa0 4,3662 / 21. pramANarAgasparzAdayaM bAlhIcInasamudbhavam / auraNaM ca rAMkavaM caiva kITa paTTa tathA // kuTIkRtaM tathaivAtra kamalAbhaM sahasrazaH / ilakSaNaM vastramakasapAmAvikaM mRducAjinam / mahAbhA0 sabhA parva 51127 22. citrA nAnAprakArA yAH paTyaH sUkSmavastrANi, yaza saM0 pU0 pR0 368, saM0 TI0 23. agravAla-hArataH eka sAMskRtika adhyayana, pR0 168 24. paTolAni ca paTTayUlavastrANi, yaza0 saM0 pU0. pR0 368 25. vATa-iDiyana ArTa eTa do dehalI ekjivizana, pR0 256-256 / uddhata, motIcandra bhAratIya ____ vezabhUpA, pR0 65 26. rallikAraca raktAdikaMbala vizeSAH, yaza 0 saM0 pU0 pRSTha 368, sa0 TI /

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bAyU choTelAla jaina smRti graMtha varNana karate hue sehI ke dvArA parezAna kiye jAte pahine / 4 anya prasaMgoM meM bhI dukUla ke ullekha rallakoM kA ullekha kiyA hai|27 haiM / DA. motIcandra ne dukala kA parA paricaya nimna rallikA yA raslaka ko amarakoSa kAra ne bhI prakAra diyA haieka prakAra kA kambala kahA hai| jisa samaya prAcAroga ke saMskRta vyAkhyAkAra zIlAMkAcArya yuvAMgacvAMga bhArata mAyA usa samaya bhArata. ne dukUla ko baMgAla meM paidA hone vAlI eka vizeSa varSa meM isa vastra kA khUba pracAra thaa| usane prakArako ruI se banane vAlA vastra kahA hai.35 apanI yAtrA vivaraNa meM holAlI arthAt rallaka kA kintu yaha vyAkhyA bArahavIM zatI kI hone se vizva. ullekha kiyA hai| usane likhA hai ki yaha vastra sanIya nahIM hai / nizItha ke cUNikAra ne dukUla ko kisI jaMgalI jAnavara kI Una se banatA thaa| yaha dukUna nAmaka vRkSa kI chAla ko kUTa kara usake kana bhAsAnI se kata sakatA thA tathA isase bane reze se banAyA jAne vAlA vastra kahA hai| vastroM kA kAphI mUlya hotA thaa|26 arthazAstra se dukUla ke viSaya meM kucha aura bhI somadeva ne eka anya prasaMga para praura adhika jAnakArI milatI hai| isake anusAra baMgAla meM m: hiA hai ki rallakoM ke rogoM se kambala banane vAlA dukUla safeda aura mulAyama hotA thaa| banAye jAte the, jinakA upayoga hemanta Rtu meM kiyA pauMDa deza ke dukUla nIle aura cikane hote the tathA jAtA thaa|30 suvarNakuiyA ke dukUla lalAI liye hote the| . dukUla-somadeva ne dukUla kA kaI bAra ullekha kauTilya ne yaha bhI likhA hai ki dukUla tIna taraha kiyA hai| rAjapura meM dukUla aura aMzuka kI vaijayantiyAM se vinA jAtA thA tathA binAI ke anusAra usake (patAkAyeM) lagAyo gayI thI / 31 rAjyAbhiSeka ke ekAMzuka, arSAzuka, dayaMzaka tathA vayaMzuka ye cAra bAda samrATa yazodhara ne dhavala dukUla dhAraNa bheda hote the|36 kiye|32 basantotsava ke avasara para gorocanA se DA0 agravAla ne dukUla ke viSaya meM eka prazna piMjarita dukUla dhAraNa kie 3 tathA sabhAmaNDapa uThAyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki "sambhavataH dukala (darabAra) meM jAte samaya udagamanIya maMgala-dukUla kA artha dezya yA prAdima bhASA meM kapar3A thA, 27. kvaciniH zalyazallakazanAkAjAlakolyamAnarallakalokalokam yaza0 utta010200 / 28. amarakoSa 3 // 6 // 116 26. vATasa-yuvAMgacyAMgama TrAvalsa ina iMDiyA, bhAga 1, landana 1904 / prA020 uData, DA. motIcandra bhAratIya vezabhUSA, pR0 30. rallakaromaniSpannakambalalokalIlAvilAsinI-haimane mahati / yaza0 saM0 pU0 575 31. dukUlA~zukavaijayantIsaMtatibhiH, yaza0saM0pU01016 32. dhRtadhavaladkUlamAlyavilepanAlaMkAraH, vahI, pR0323 33. tvaM deva dehe'bhinave dadhAno, gorocanA pijarine dukUle / vahI, pR0 592 34. gRhItodgamanIyamaMgaladukUla, vahI, una0 pR081 35. dukUlaM gauNaviSayaviziSTakAmikam, prAcArAMga 2, vastra0 sU0 368 saM0 TI0 / 36. dugullo rukkho narasa vAgo dhetu udUkhale kuTTijati pAgieNa tAva jAva bhUsIbhUto tAhe kajjati etesu dugullo / nizItha 7, 10-12 / 37. vAMgakaM zvetaM snigdhaM dukUlaM, pauNDakaM zyAmaM maNisnigdha, sauvarNakuDyaka sUryavarNam, arthazAstra 2011 38. maNisnigyaudakavAnaM caturatravAnaM vyamitravAnaM ca / eteSAmekAMzukamadhyarSadvitricaturaMzukamiti / vahI2.11

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prAcIna bhAratIya vastra aura veza-bhUSA jisase kaulika (hi. kolI) zabda banA / doharI bANa ne likhA hai ki zUdraka ne jo dukUla pahana rakhe bAdara yA pAna ke rUpa meM vikrayArtha pAne ke kAraNa ve amRta ke phena ke samAna sapheda the. unake kinAroM yaha vikUla yA dukUla kahalAne lgaa|" sAhi- para goroMcanA se haMsa mithuna likhe gaye the tapA tyika sAmagrI kI sAkSIpUrvaka isa viSaya para vicAra unake chora kamara se nikalI huI havA se phar3aphar3A karane se DA0 sAhaba ke isa kathana kA samarthana rahe the|44 yuddhakSetra ko jAte samaya harSa ne bhI haMsahotA hai| mithuna ke cinhayukta dukUla kA jor3A pahanA thaa|" somadeva ne tIna bAra samrATa yazodhara ko dukUla prAcArAMga (2, 15, 20) meM eka jagaha kahA gayA pahanane kA ullekha kiyA hai| basantotsava ke samaya hai ki pAka ne mahAvIra ko jo haMsa dukUla kA jor3A to nizcita rUpa se samrATa ne do dukUla dhAraNa pahanAyA thA, vaha janA pahanAyA thA, vaha itanA patalA thA ki havA kA kiye the, kyoMki yahAM para somadeva ne 'dakale' isa mAmUlI jhaTakA use ur3A le jA sakatA thaa| usakI dvivacana kA prayoga kiyA hai|4. banAvaTa kI tArIpha kArIgara bhI karate the| vaha kalAbatU ke tAra se milA kara banA thA aura usameM dUsare prasaMga meM udgamanIya maMgala kahA hai|" ha~sa ke pralaMkAra the| antagar3hasadAmo (pRSTha 32) ke amarakoSakAra ne likhA hai ki dhule hue vastroM ke anusAra daheja meM kImatI kapar3oM ke sAtha dukUla ke jor3oM ko (do vastroM ko udgamanIya kahate haiM / 42 jo bhI diye jAte the| kAlidAsa ne bhI iMsa isase yahI tAtparya nikalatA hai ki samrATa ne isa cinhita dukUla kA ullekha kiyA hai| kintu usase prasaMga meM bhI dukUla kA jor3A pahanA thaa| tIsare yaha patA nahIM calatA ki dukUla eka thA yA jor3A sthala para phUla kA vizeSaNa dhavala diyA hai| thaa| isI taraha bhaTTikAvya meM bhI do bAra dukUla isa samaya bhI samrATa ne dukUla kA hI jor3A pahanA zabda pAyA hai,46 parantu usase bhI isake jor3e hone hogA / anyathA somadeva adhovastra ke lie kisI yA na hone para prakAza nahIM pdd'taa| gItagobinda anya vastra kA ullekha avazya krte| meM karIba cAra bAra se bhI adhika dukUla kA ullekha gupta yuga me to kinAroM para haMsa mithuna likhe humA hai, usI meM eka bAra "dukUla" isa dvivacana hue dukUla ke ghor3e pahanane kA mAma rivAja thaa| kA bhI vyavahAra hamA hai| 36. agravAla-harSacarita : eka sAMskRtika adhyayana-5076 40. gorocanApiMjarite dukUle, yaza0 saM0 pU0, pR0 562 41. gRhItodgamanIyamaMgaladukUlaH, yaza 2 utta0 pR0 81 42. tatsyAdudgamanIyaM yaddhautayorvastrayoyugam, pramarakoSa 2, 6, 113 / 43. dhRtadhavaladukUlamAlpavilepanAlaMkAraH, yaza0saM0pU0, e0323 44. pramataphenadhavale gaurocanAlikhitahasamithunasanAthaparyante cArucamaravAyUpratitAntadeze dUkUle vasAnama, kAdambarI, pR017 45. paridhAya rAjahaMsamithunalakSmaNi sadRze dukUle, pR. 202 46. uddhata, motIcandra, bhAratIya vezabhUSA, pR0 147-148 47. prAmuktAbharaNaH sagbI haMsacihnadukUlavAn. raghuvaMza 17425 48. udakSipanyadukUlaketUna, bhaTikAvya, 3 // 34 // atha sa valkadukUlakupAdibhiH, vahI 111 46. zithilIkRtajaghanadukUlam, gItagovinda 2,6, 3 / zyAmalamRdulakalevaramaNDalamadhigatamorakUlam, vahI 11, 22, 3 / virahamivApanayAmi payodhararodhakasurasidRkUlam, vahI, 12, 23, 3 50. maMjulavaMbulaku jagataM vicakaSaM kareNa dukUle, vahI 1, 4, 6 /

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti graMtha 62 isa vivaraNa se itanA to nizcita rUpa se jJAta ho jAtA hai ki dukUla jor3e ke rUpa meM prAtA thA / isakA eka cAdara pahanane aura dUsarA pror3hane ke kAma meM liyA jAtA thaa| dukUla ke pAna ko kATa kara anya vastra bhI banAye jAte the| bANa ne dukUla ke bane uttarIya, sADiyAM, palaMgapoza, takiyoM ke gilApha prAdi kA varNana kiyA hai|" dukUla ke viSaya meM eka bAta aura bhI vicA raNIya hai / bAda ke sAhityakAroM tathA kopakAroM ne kSoma aura dukUla ko paryAya mAnA hai| svayaM yazastilaka ke TIkAkAra ne dukUla kA artha kSomavastra kiyA hai / 52 amarakoSakAra ne bhI dukUla ko paryAya mAnA hai| vAstava meM dukUla aura kSIma eka nahIM ye / kauTilya ne inheM alaga-alaga mAnA hai / 54 bANa ne kSoma kI upamA dUdhiyA raMga ke kSIra sAgara se tathA prAMzuka kI sukumAratA kI upamA dRphUla kI komalatA se dI hai / 55 53 isa taraha yadyapi kSoma aura dukUla eka nahIM the phira bhI inameM antara bhI adhika nahIM thaa| dukUla / aura kSoma donoM eka hI prakAra kI sAmagrI se banate the| inameM antara kevala yaha thA ki kucha moTA kapar3A banatA vaha kSoma kahalAtA tathA jo mahIna banatA vaha dukUla khlaataa| dukUla kI vyAkhyA karane ke bAda kauTilya ne likhA hai ki isI se kAchI dhaura poTadeza ke soma kI bhI vyAkhyA ho gyii| gaNapati zAstrI ne isakA khulAsA karate hue likhA hai ki moTA dukUla hI zoma kahalAtA thaa| hemakSoma / 57 candrAcArya ne ise aura bhI adhika spaSTa karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki zubhA pratasI kSumA (alasI) ko kahate haiM, usase banA vastra kSoma kahalAtA hai| isI taraha zumA se (alasI se ) re nikAla kara jo vastra banatA hai vaha dukUla kahalAtA hai|" sAdhumundara garie ne bhI likhA hai ki dukUla alasI se bane kapar3e ko kahate haiM / pUrvI bhAgoM meM (ghAsAma baMgAla) - alasI nAmaka ghAsa bahutAyata se hotI thii| baMgAla meM ise kAMsura kahA jAtA thaa|" dukUla maura soma kSoma isI ghAsa ke rezoM se banane vAle vastra rahe hoMge / bhAratavarSa ke meM yaha kSugA yA somadeva ne dukUla kA kaI bAra ullekha kiyA hai, kintu kSoma kA eka bAra bhI nahIM kiyaa| saMbhava hai somadeva ke pahale se hI dukUla dhora kSoma paryAyavAcI mAne jAne lage hoM aura isI kAraNa somadeva ne kevala dukUla kA prayoga kiyA ho / somadeva ke ullekha se itanA avazya mAnanA cAhiye ki dAvI zatAbdI taka dukUla kA khUba pracAra thA tathA yaha vastra sambhrAnta aura bezakImatI mAnA jAtA thA / 51. pragravAla - haritaH eka sAMskRtika adhyayana 276 52. dukUlaM kSomavastram, yaza0 saM0 pU0 pR0 562 saM0 TIkA 52. kSaumaM dukUlaM syAt / bhramarakoSa 2,6,113 // 54. arthazAstra 2, 11 55. kSIrodAyamAnaM kSomaiH, harSacarita, pR0 60 / cInAMzukasukumAre- dukUlakomale, vahI pR0 36 56. te kAmikaM pauNDakaM ca kSaumaM vyAkhyAtam pazAstra 2, 11 57. skUlameva hi kSaumamiti vyapadizyate, vahI saM0 TI0 58. dhumA tamI tasyA vikAraH kSomam, duhyate kSumAyA zrakRSyate dugUlam abhiyAnacintAmaNa, 3 / 333 56. dukUlantasIpaTe, zabdaratnAkara 3211 60. DinarI grApha ikonomika proDakTasa, bhA0 1 0 468466 uddhata, DaoN0 vAsudevazaraNa 3 agravAla paMcaritaH eka sAMskRtika adhyayana, pR0 76-77

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prAcIna bhAratIya vastra aura veza-bhUSA 61 aMzuka - yazastilaka meM kaI prakAra ke aMzuka kA ullekha hai yathA - aMzuka sAmAnya yA sapheda aMzuka, " kusumAMzuka yA lalAI liye huye raMga kA zuka, 2 kAmikAMka arthAt nIlA yA maTamaile raMga kA aMzuka aMzuka bhArata meM bhI banatA thA tathA cIna se bhI prAtA thaa| cIna se mAne vAlA aMzuka cInAMzuka kahalAtA thaa| bhAratIya jana donoM prakAra ke aMzukoM se bahuta prAcIna kAla se paricita ho cuke the / arrige ke viSaya meM Upara cIna vastra kI vyAkhyA karate hue vizeSa likhA jA cukA hai, prataeva yahA~ kevala aMzuka yA bhAratIya aMzuka ke viSaya meM vicAra karanA hai / 67 68 kAlidAsa ne sitAMzuka, 64 praruNAMzuka, 65 raktAMzuka, 6 6 nIlAMzuka, tathA zyAmAMzuka, kA ullekha kiyA hai / sambhavataH aMzuka pahale sapheda banatA thA, bAda meM usakI vibhinna raMgoM meM raMgAI kI jAtI thI / kArdamikAMzuka kA artha yazastilaka ke saMskRta TIkAkAra ne kastUrI se raMgA huA vastra kiyA hai| kAtyAyana ke anusAra bhI zakala dhaura 66. RtusaMhAra, 6,4,26 67. vikramorvazI, pR0 60 63 kardama se vastra raMgane kA rivAja thA, jinheM zAkalika yA kAdamika kahate the / (4 / 2 / 2 vA0 ) 70 1 bAga ne aMzuka kA kaI bAra ullekha kiyA hai / ve ise atyanta patalA aura svaccha vastra mAnate the / eka sthAna para mRNAla ke rezoM se aMzuka kI sUkSmatA kA digdarzana karAyA hai / 72 bAraNa ne phUla pattiyoM aura pakSiyoM kI prAkRtiyoM se suzobhita sire kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai / 73 prAkRta granthoM meM 'aMsuya' zabda AtA hai / prAcArA~ga meM aMzuka aura cInAMzuka donoM kA pRthaka pRthaka nirdeza hai / 74 vRhat kalpasUtra bhASya meM bhI donoM ko alaga-alaga ginAyA hai / 75 prAcIna bhAratavarSa meM dukUla ke bAda sabase adhika vyavahAra aMzuka kA ho dekhA jAtA hai / somadeva ke ullekho se jJAta hotA hai ki dazavIM zatAbdI meM zraMzuka kA paryApta pracAra thA / kauzeya kauzeya kA ullekha somadeva ne vibhinna dezoM ke rAjAoMoM dvArA bheje gaye upahAroM meM kiyA hai / kauzala nareza ne samrATa yazodhara ko kauzeya vastra upahAra meM bheje| 61. sitapatAkAMka, yaza0 utta0, pR0 13 62. summAMzukapihitagaurIpayodhara, vahI, pR0 14 63. kArdamakAMzukAdhikRtakAyaparikaraH, vahI, pR0 220 64. sitAMzukA maMgalamAtra bhUparaNA, vikramorvazI, 3, 12 65. aruNa rAganiSedhibhiraMzukaiH, raghuvaMza, 6,43 68. meghadUta, pU0 41 66. kArdamika kardameNa raktam, yaza0 utta0, pR0 220, saM0 TI0 70. uData agravAla- pANinIkAlIna bhAratavarSa, pR0 225 71. sUkSma vimalena prajJAvitAnene vAMzukai nAcchAditazarIrA, harSacarita, 72. viSatantumayenAMzukena, vahI, pR0 10 / 73. bahuvidhakusumazakunizatazobhitAdatisvacchAdaMzukAt. vahI, pR0 114 74. suyANi vA zrImupANi vA, prAcArAMga, 2, vastra0 14, 6 75. aMga cI ca vigalaMdI, bRhat kalpasUtra 04, 3661

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64 nAma thA / kauzeya zahatUta kI pattI khAkara kauvA banAne vAle kIr3oM ke rezama se banAe jAne vAle vastra kA 76 dezI bhASA meM aba isakA "kozA" nAma zeSa raha gayA hai| kozA taiyAra karane kI vahI purAnI prakriyA aba bhI apanAI jAtI hai| kauzA maMhagA, khUbasUrata tathA cikanA vastra hotA hai mahaMgA hone ke kAraNa jana sAdhAraNa isakA sadA upayoga nahIM kara pAte, phira bhI vizeSa avasaroM ke lie kauyo ke vastra banavA kara rakhate haiN| sunbela khaNDa meM abhI bhI kono ke sAphe bAMdhane kA rivAja hai| bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti maMca kauzeya ke viSaya meM kauTilya ne kucha adhika jAnakArI dI hai| arthazAstra meM likhA hai ki patro kI taraha kauzeya kI bhI bAra yoniyAM hotI haiM arthAta kauzeya ke kIr3e nAgavRkSa, likuca, vakula tathA vaTa ke vRkSoM para pAle jAte haiM dhaura tadanusAra kauzeya bhI cAra prakAra kA hotA hai| nAgavRkSa para paidA kiyA gayA potava, lakuci para paidA kiyA gayA rehudhA raMga kA vakula para paidA kiyA gayA sapheda tathA baTa para paidA kiyA gayA navanIta ke raMga kA hotA hai| kauzeya cIna se bhI prAtA thaa| 77 2. sile vastra kaMcukacuka eka prakAra kA koTa thA, kintu somadeva ne colI artha meM kaMcuka kA prayoga kiyA 76. kauzeyaH kauSalendraH yaza0 saM0 pU0 pR0 470 77. motIcandra - bhAratIya vezabhUSA, pR0 15 78 nAgavRkSI likucau vakulo vaTavaca yaunayAH vAkulI, zeSA navanItavarNA / - tathA kauzeyaM 2, 11 / 79. dekho - uddharaNa saMkhyA 78 1 hai| "khetoM meM jAtI huI kRSaka vae kaMcuka pahane thIM, jo ki unake ghaTastanoM ke kAraNa phaTe jA rahe the| 78 yazastilaka ke saMskRta TIkAkAra ne kaMcuka kA artha kUrpAsaka kiyA hai / 70 darabArA vAravAraNa kA ullekha yazastilaka meM amRtamati ke varNana ke prasaMga meM dhAyA hai| pramRtamati jaba ghaNTavakra ke sAtha rati karake lauTI aura jA kara yazodhara ke sAtha leTa gayI, usa samaya jora jora se cala rahe usake zvAsocchavAsa se usakA vAravAraNa kaMpita ho rahA thA / * zrutadeva ne vAravANa kA artha kaMcuka kiyA hai| 59 bhramarakoSakAra ne bhI kaMcuka aura vAravANa ko eka mAnA hai / 82 kintu vAstava meM vAravANu maMjuka kI / taraha kA ho kara bhI kaMcuka se bhinna thaa| yaha kaMcuka kI apekSA kucha kama lambA, ghuTanoM taka pahu~cAne vAlA koTa thaa| DA0 agravAla ne isakA paricaya nimn| prakAra diyA hai- kAbula se lagabhaga 20 mIla uttara kherakhAnA se cauthI zatI kI eka saMgamaramara kI mUrti milI hai / vaha ghuTane taka lambA koTa pahane haiM, jo vArabAga kA rUpa hai| ThIka vaisA hI koTa pahane mahiSyatA ke khilaunoM meM eka puruSa mUrti minI hai / 4 -- pItikA nAgavRkSikA, godhUmabarga laukucI, zvetA caunapaTAraca cInabhUmijA vyAkhyAtAH / prarthazAstra, 80. kaMcukAni kUrpAsakAH, yaza0 saM0 pU0 pR0 16 saM0 TI0 / 81. nirundhAnA cautkampotAlitavAravAraNam, yaza0 uta0, pR0 51 82. bAravANaM kaMcukam, vahI, saM0 Ta0 1 83. kaMcukI vArabANoM strI, bhramarakoSa, 2, 8, 64 1 84. agravAla harSacaritaH eka sAMskRtika adhyayana, pR0 150

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prAcIna bhAratIya vastra aura veza-bhUSA mathurA kalA meM prApta sUrya aura unake pAvaMcara aMgarakSaka sapheda vArabANa pahane thaa| 1 kAdambarI daNDa aura piMgala kI vezabhUSA meM jo UparI koTa meM bhI bANabhaTTa ne vArabAraNa kA ullekha kiyA hai| hai vaha vArabANa hI jJAta hotA hai / mathurA saMgrahAlaya, candApIDa jaba zikAra khelane gayA taba usane vAramUrti saM0 1256 kI sUrya ko mUrti kA koTa upayukta bANa pahana rakhA thA / mRga-rakta ke saikar3oM choTe par3ane khairakhAnA ko sUrya-mUrti ke koTa jaisA hI hai| mRti se usakI zobhA dviguNita ho gayI thii| 2 mRgayA saMkhyA 513 ko piMgala mUrti bhI ghuTane taka nIcA se lauTa kara candApIDa parijanoM dvArA lAye gaye koTa pahane hai / mathurA meM aura bhI prAdhI darjana mUrtiyoM prAsana para baiThA aura vArabANa utAra diyaa| 3 meM yaha vezabhUSA milatI hai / 65 upayukta ullekhoM se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki ___ bArabAraNa bhAratIya vezabhUSA meM sAsAnI IrAna vAravAraNa kevala jiraha bastara ke liye nahIM, balki kI vezabhUSA se liyA gyaa| vAravAraNa pahalavI zabda sAdhAraNa vastra ke liye bhI prAtA thA / kauTilya ke kA saMskRta pa hai| isakA phArasI rUpa "varabAna" / ullekhAnusAra to vArabAga UnI bhI banate rahe hoNge| praramAika bhASA meM "varapAnaka (Varpanak) bAgabhaTTa ko vArabAraNa kI jAnakArI harSa ke darabAra sIriyA kI bhASA meM inhIM se milatA julatA meM huI hogii| bhAratavarSa meM yaha vastra kaba se mAyA, "guramAnakA" (gurmanaka) aura arabI meM yaha kahanA muzkila hai kintu isake atyalpa ullekhoM "juramAnakaha" (Gurmanaqah rUpa milate haiM, se lagatA hai ki vArabAraNa kA prayoga rAjagharAnoM jo saba kisI pahalavI mUla zabda se nikale hone taka hI sImita rahA / sambhava hai adhika maMhagA hone caahiyeN|86 se isakA pracAra janasAdhAraNa meM na ho pAyA ho| somadeva ke ullekha se itanA nizcaya avazya ho jAtA bhAratIya sAhitya meM cArabAga ke ullekha kama hai ki dazavIM zatAbdI taka bhAratIya rAjya-parivAroM milate haiM / kauTilya ne UnI kapar3oM meM vArabANa kI meM vArabAga kA vyavahAra hotA AyA thA tathA gaNanA yI hai| 87 kAlIdAsa ne raghu ke yoddhAnoM ko kaMcaka kI taraha vArabAga bhI strI-puruSa donoM vAravAraNa pahane hue batAyA hai|88 mallinAtha ne pahanate the| vArabAga kA artha kaMcuka kiyA hai| vAraNabhaTTa ne senA meM sammilita hae kucha rAjAoM ko stavaraka bolaka-colaka kA ullekha somadeva ne senAmoM ke bane vArabAraNa pahane batAyA thaa|. dadhIca kA ke varNana ke prasaMga meM kiyA hai / gauNa sainika pairoM 84. agravAla-pahicchatrA ke khilaune, citra 305, pR0 173, aingeNTa iMDiyA 85. agravAla-harSavaritaH eka sAMskRtika pradhyayana, pR0150, phuTanoTa 86 86. TrAMjekzana mApha do philolAjikala sosAyaTI mApha landana, 1945, pR0 154, phuTanoTa, heniMga / uddhata, agravAla-harSacaritaH eka sAMskRtika adhyayana, pR0 151 87. pArabANaH paristomaH samantabhadrakaM ca prAvikam, arthazAstra, 26, 11 88. tadyoSavArabAraNAnAm, raghuvaMza 4 / 55 86. vAravANAnAM kaMcukAnAm, vahI, saM0 TI. 60. sAramuktAstavaktistavarakabArabArazca, harSacarita, pR. 206 61. dhavalavArabAradhAriNam, vahI, pR0 24 12. mRgaruviralavazatazavalena vArabANena, kAdambarI, pR0 215 /

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bAbU choTelAsa jaina smRti grantha taka lambA (mAprapadIna) colaka pahane the| saMskRta dhura sAmane se khulA humA eka koTa dikhAyA gayA hai, TIkAkAra ne colaka kA prarSa kUrpAsa kiyA hai|5 jisakI pahacAna colaka se kI jA sakatI hai| kintu dekhanA yaha hai ki TIkAkAra ina vastroM ke mathurA se prApta huI sUrya kI kaI mUrtiyoM meM bhI isI vAstavika svarUpa ko spaSTa kiye binA hI kucha bhI prakAra ke khule gale kA UparI paharAvA pAyA jAtA artha kara detA hai| Upara kaMcuka ke lie kUrpAsaka hai| baSTana kI mUrti kA bhI UparI lambA veza colaka kahA hai yahAM colaka ke lie| vAstava meM ye sabhI hI jJAta hotA hai / isakA galA sAmane se tikonA vastra alaga-alaga taraha ke the| khulA hai / kaniSka aura caSTana ke gholakoM meM antara colaka ke viSaya meM DA. agravAla ne nimna hai| ye donoM do prakAra ke haiN| kaniSka kA dhurAdhura prakAra jAnakArI dI hai bIca meM khulane vAlA hai aura caSTana kA duparatA jisakA Upara kA parata bAyIM tarapha se khulatA hai colaka eka prakAra kA baha koTa thA, jo kaMbuka tathA bIca meM gale ke pAsa tikonA bhAga khulA dikhAI yA anya sabhI prakAra ke vastroM ke Upara pahanA jAtA detA hai| kaniSka kI zailI kA bolaka mathurA sNgrthaa| yaha eka sammAnta yA bhAdara-sUcaka bastra samajhA jAtA thaa| uttara-pazcima bhArata meM sarvatra moze ke hAlaya kI TI046 saMjJaka mUrti meM aura bhI spaSTa lie isa veza kA rivAja loka meM abhI bhI hai. jise colA kahate haiM / colA DhIlA-DhAlA gulphoM taka sambA madhya eziyA se lagabhaga sAtavIM zatI kA eka khule gale kA pahanAvA hai, jo saba vastroM se Upara aisA hI puruSa polaka prApta hayA hai, jisakA galA pahanA jAtA hai / tikonA khulA hai| kasTana zailI ke colaka kA madhya eziyA se pAne vAle zaka loga isa beza eka sundara namUnA lApa marubhUmi se prApta mRNmaya ko bhArata meM lAye hoMge aura unake dvArA pracArita mUrti ke colaka meM upalabdha hai| yaha usarI vAIvaMza hokara yaha bhAratIya vezabhUSA meM samA gyaa|7 (386-525) ke samaya kA hai|01 mathurA saMgrahAlaya meM jo kaniSka kI mUrti hai, bANabhaTTa ne rAjAoM ke veza-bhUSA meM cIna-colaka usameM nIce lambA kaMcuka aura Upara sAmane se dhurA- kA ullekha kiyA hai|02 63. parijanopanIta upavizyAsane vArabAraNamavatAyaM, vahI, pR0 216 14. pra.prapadInacolakaskhalitagativalakSya, yaza0saM0pU0. pR0 466 15. caulakaH kUrpAsakaH, vahI, saM0 TI0 / 16. agravAla-harSacaritaH eka sAMskRtika adhyayana, pR0 152 67. agravAla-vahI, pR0 151 motIcandra-bhAratIya vezabhUSA, pR0 161 68. mathurA myujiyama haiMDabuka, citra 4, uddhata, agravAla-harSacaritaH eka sAMskRtika adhyayana, pR0 151 66. agravAla-vahI, pR0 152 100. vAyavI silavAna-invesTigaMzana prApha silka phAma eDasana gaula eNDa lApanAra (sTAkahoma, 1646) ple08-e / uddhata, agravAla-vahI, pR. 152 101. vAyavI silavAna-vahI, pR.83, citra saM0 32 / uddhataM, agravAla-vahI, pR0 152 102. cAcitacInacaulakaiH, harSacarita, pR0 206

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prAcIna bhAratIya vastra aura veza bhUSA paNDAlaka-caNDAtaka kA ullekha somadeva ne se ekadama saTA hA vastra pahane the, jisase ve kaupInaghaNhamArI devI kA varNana karate hue kiyA hai / gIlA dhArI thebAnala kI taraha lagate the|07 camar3A hI usa devI kA caNDAyaka thaa| kaupIna eka prakAra kA choTA cAdara kahalAtA caNDAtaka kA artha amarakoSakAra ne jAMghoM taka thA jisakA upayoga sAdhu pahanane ke kAma meM pahuMcane vAlA pradhovastra kiyA hai| yaha eka karata c| prakAra kA jAMghiyA yA ghaMgharInamA vastra thA. jise ustarIya-uttarIya kA ullekha bhI tIna bAra strI aura puruSa donoM pahanate the|104 humA hai / munikumAra yugala zarIra hI zumra prathA ke kAraNa aise pratIta hote the, jaise unhoMne dUkUla kA __uSNIva - zirovastra meM somadeva ne uSNISa uttarIya pror3ha rakhA ho|'08 kumAra yazodhara ke aura paTTikA kA ullekha kiyA hai| uttarApatha ke rAjyAbhiSeka kA muhUrta nikAlane ke lie jo jyotiSI sainika raMga-biraMgA uSNISa pahanate the|05 dakSiNApatha loga ikaTThe hue the. ve dukUla ke uttarIya se apane muha ke sainikoM ne bAloM ko paTTikA se kasa kara bAMdha Dhake the| " rakhA thaa| rAjamAtA candramati ne saMdhyArAga kI taraha somadeva ke ullekha se uSNISa ke prAkAra prakAra halake lAla raMga kA uttarIya proDha rakhA thA (saMdhyAyA bAMdhane ke DhaMga para koI prakAza nahIM par3atA, kevala rAgottarIyavasanAm, utta. 82) / por3ane vAle itanA jJAta hotA hai ki uSNISa kaI raMga ke banate cAdara ko uttarIya kahA jAtA thaa| amrkossthe| sambhava hai inakI raMgAI bAMdhane ke DhaMga se kI kAra ne utarIya ko proDane vAle vastroM meM ginAyA jAtI ho / bundelakhaNDa ke lokagItoM meM paMcaraMga pApa hai|" (uSNISa) ke ullekha pAte haiN| cIvara-eka upamA alaMkAra meM cIvara kA DA. motIcandrajI ne sAhitya kA marahata, sAMcI ullekha hai| cIvara kI lalAI se anta karaNa ke aura amarAvatI kI kalA meM akita aneka prakAra anurAga kI upamA dI gayI hai| 12 kI pagar3iyoM kA varNana 'bhAratIya vezabhUSA' pustaka meM bauddha bhikSumoM ke pahinane mor3hane ke kASAya varNa kiyA hai| ke cAdara cIvara kahalAte the| mahAvagga meM covarakopona-kopIna kA ullekha somadeva ne eka pakhandhaka nAma kA eka svatantra prakaraNa hai. jisameM upamAlaMkAra meM kiyA hai / dAkSiNAtya sainika jAMghoM bhidhunoM ke lie taraha taraha kI kathAoM ke mAdhyama 103. caNDAtakamA carmAriNa, yaza0saM0pU0, pR0 150 104. morakaM varastrINAM syAJcaNDAtakamastriyAm, amarakoSa, 2, 6, 116 / 105. motIcandra-bhAratIya vezabhUSA, pR0 23 106. bhAgabhAgApitAnekavarNavasanaveSTitoSNISam, yaza0 saM0pU0, 465 107. paTTikApratAnaghaTitodbhaTaTma, vahI, pR0 461 / / 1.8. prAvaMkSaNozviptanibiDanivasanaM sakopInaM vaikhAnasavRndamiya, yaza* saM0 pU0, pR0 462 116. vapuprabhApaTaladukUlItarIyam, yaza. sa. pU., pR0, 156 11. uttarIyadukalAMcalapihitavimbinA, vahI, pR0 316 111. saMvyAnamuttarIyaM ca, amarakoSa, 2, 6, 118 112, cIvaroparAganiratAntaHkaraNena, yaza utta0, pR.8

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vAbU choTelAla jaina smRti pratha se covaroM ke viSaya meM jJAtavya sAmagrI prastuta kI yUkhonmukharAjiraMjitopasadhyAnAm, utta0 82) yahAM gayI hai|13 cIvara kapar3oM ke aneka Tukar3oM ko saMskRta TIkAkAra ne adhovastra hI prartha kiyA hai| eka sAtha silakara banAe jAte haiN| paridhAna aura upasaMkhyAna meM kyA antara thA, abAna-pAzramavAsI tapasviyoM ke vastroM yaha spaSTa nahIM hotaa| amarakoSakAra ne donoM ke lie yazastilaka meM pravAna zabda pAyA hai|14| ko adhovastra kahA hai| hemacandra ne bhI donoM ko paridhAna-adhovastroM meM somadeva ne paridhAna adhovastra kahA hai / 12deg yazastilaka ke saMskRta aura upasaMkhyAna zabdoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / eka TIkAkAra dvArA eka sthAna para pradhovastra aura eka ukti meM somadeva kahate haiM ki jo rAjA apane deza sthAna para uttarIya prathaM karane se pratIta hotA hai kI rakSA na karake dUsare dezoM ko jItane kI icchA ki TIkAkAra ko upasaMkhyAna ke partha kA ThIka patA karatA hai vaha usa puruSa ke samAna hai jo dhotI khola nahIM thaa| amarakopakAra ne adhovastra ke lie kara sira para sAphA bAndhatA hai|'15 amarakoSa- upasaMvyAna aura uttarIya ke lie saMjyAna 21 pada kAra ne nIce pahanane vAle vastroM meM paridhAna kI diyA hai| sambhavatayA isI zabda vyavahAra se pramita garaNanA kI hai| bundelakhaNDa meM abhI bhI ghotI ho kara TIkAkAra ne yaha prartha kara diyaa| ko pardanI yA paradaniyA kahA jAtA hai, jo isI guhyA-guhyA kA ullekha zaMkhanaka nAmaka paridhAna gabda kA bigaDA huaA rUpa hai| dUta ke varNana meM huaA hai / zaMkhanaka ne purAne gona upasaMtryAna-upasaMvyAna kA dobAra ullekha kI guhyA pahana rakhI thI / / 22 guhyA . kA artha hai| eka kathA ke prasaMga meM eka pradhyApaka bakarA zrutasAgara ne kacyoTikA kiyA hai / 123 kharIdatA hai aura apane ziSya se kahatA hai ki ise bundelakhaNDa meM binA sile vastra ko laMgoTa kI upasaMdhyAna se acchI taraha bAMdha kara laanaa|" sarada pahanane ko kachaTiyA lagAnA kahate haiN| yahAM para saMskRta TIkAkAra ne upasaMvyAna kA artha yahAM guhyA se momadeva kA yahI tAtparya pratIta yo para uttarIya vastra kiyA hai|18 hotA hai| rAjamAtA ne sabhA maMDapa meM jAte samaya upa- haMsatUlikA--haMsatUlikA kA ullekha somadeva maMvyAna dhAraNa kiyA thaa| (aruNamaNimaulima- ne amRtamati mahArAnI ke bhavana ke prasaMga meM kiyA 113. mahAvagga, cIvarakkhandhakaM / 114. aparagirizikharAzrayAzramavAsatApasAvAnavitAnitadhAtujalapATalapaTapratAnasmRzi, yaza0 utta. pR05 115. prakRtvA nijadezamya rakSA yo vijigISate maH nRpaH paridhAnena vRttamoliH pumAniva / / . yaza. sa. pU.,pR. 74 / 116. antarIyopasaMvyAnaparidhAnAnya ghoM zuke / amarakoSa, 2, 6, 117 / 117. tadatiyalamupasaMvyAnana baddhavAnIyatAm , yaza. utta. pR. 132 118. upasaMvyAnana uttarIyavasbharaNa, vahI, sN.ttii.| 116. dekhie-uddharaNa 116 120. paridhAnaM tvadhoMzakae, antarIyaM nidasanamupasaMvyAnamityapi / prabhidhAna cintAmaNi 121. saMvyAnamuttarIyaM ca, amarakoSa, 2, 6,118 122. paTaccaraparyAgagoragIgRha yApihitamehanaH, yaza. saM. pU., pR. 398 123. gRha yA kacchoTikA, vahI, saM. TI.

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prAcIna bhAratIya vastra aura veza-bhUSA / pramRtamati ke palaMga para haMsatulikA bichI thI, jisa para taraMgita dukUla kA cAdara bichA thA / 114 saMskRta TIkAkAra ne haMsatulikA kA prathaM prAstaraNa vizeSa kiyA hai / 124 upadhAna - takie ke lie somadeva ne pratyanta pracalita saMskRta zabda upadhAna kA prayoga kiyA hai / amRtamati ke antaHpura meM palaMga ke donoM aura do takie rakhe the, jisase donoM kinAre UMce ho gaye the / 126 kanthA - yazastilaka meM kanthA kA ullekha do vAra zrAyA hai| zItakAla ke vana meM somadeva ne likhA hai ki itane joroM kI ThaMDa par3a rahI thI ki garIba parivAroM meM purAnI kanyAeM vithar3A huI jA rahI thIM / 127 eka anya sthala para du.svapna ke kAraNa rAjya chor3ane ke lie tatpara samrATa yazodhara ko rAjamAtA samajhAtI hai ki jU ke bhaya se kyA kanyA bhI chor3a dI jAtI hai / 126 kanyA, jise dezI bhASA meM katharI kahA jAtA hai, aneka purAne jIMzI kapar3oM ko eka sAtha sila kara banAe gaye gadde ko kahate haiN| garIba parivAra jo ThaMDa se bacAva ke lie garma yA rUI bhare hue kapar3e nahIM kharIda sakate ve kanthAeM banA lete haiN| 66 pror3hane aura bichAne donoM kAmoM meM kanyAoM kA upayoga kiyA jAtA hai| moTI hone se inheM jaldI se dhonA bhI muzkila hotA hai, isI kAraNa inameM hU bhI par3a jAtI hai| namata 126 - yazastilaka meM namata (hi0 namadA) kA ullekha eka grAma ke varNana ke prasaMga meM prAyA haiN| ujjayinI ke samIpa meM eka grAma ke loga namade aura camar3e ko jIneM banA kara apanI bhAjIvikA calAte the / 130 saMskRta TIkAkAra ne namata kA artha UnI khela yA cAdara kiyA hai / 131 namade bher3oM yA pahAr3I bakaroM ke roeM ko kUTa kara jamAe hue vastra ko kahate haiN| kAzmIra ke namade prabhI bhI prasiddha haiM / nicola --- yazastilaka meM nicola ke lie nivala zabda zrAyA hai / 132 saMskRta TIkAkAra ne eka sthAna para nicola kA artha kaMcuka kiyA hai 33 tathA dUsare sthAna para prAvaraNavastra kiyA hai / 134 sundaralAla zAstrI ne bhI isI ke AdhAra para hindI anuvAda meM bhI ukta donoM hI artha kara diye haiM / 115 prasaMga kI dRSTi se nicala kA artha kaMcuka yahAM ThIka nahIM baiThatA / zramarakoSakAra ne 124. taraMgita dukUlapaTa prasAdhitaMtUlikam yaza0 utta0, pR0 30 125. haMsatulikA prAstararaNavizeSaH, vahI, saM0 TI0 / 126. upadhAnadvayautammitapUrvApara bhAgam. yaza0 urata0, pR0 30 127. zithilayati durvicakuTumbeSu jaratkanthApaTaccarANi yaza0 saM0 pU, pR0 57 128, mayena kiM mandavisarpiNInAM kanyAM tyajanko'pi nirIkSito'sti / yaza0 utta0, pR0 8 126. mudrita prati kA tamata pATha galata hai / 130. namatAjinajeraNa jIvanoTajAkule, yaza0 utta0 pR0 218 131. namatam UmiyAstaraNam, vahI, saM0 TI0 / 132. jagadvalayanIlanicaleSa, nizcalasanAthanupaticApasapAdipu, yaza0 saM0 pU0 pR0 71-72 133. nIlanimcila: kRSNa varNanicolakaH, kucukaH, vahI, saM0 TI0 / 134. nicalasanAthAni prAvaraNavastrasahitAni, vahI, saM0 TI0 / 135. sundaralAla zAstrI - hindI yazastilaka, pR0 40

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bAyU bodalAla jaina smRti pratha nicola kA artha pracchada paTa arthAta bichAne kA prAkAza-sakSmI ke bhavana meM candovA sA bana rahA cAdara kiyA hai| 13 kSIrasvAmI ne ise pora thaa| bhI adhika spaSTa kiyA hai ki jisase zayyA mAdi eka dUsare prasaMga meM somadeva ne likhA hai ki pracchAdita kI jAe use nicola kahate haiN| 137 prasUtAcala para rahane vAle sAdhuoM ne apane pravAna zabdaratnAkara meM bhI nicolaka, niculaka, nicola sUkhane ke lie vitAna (candovA) kI taraha DAla nicoli aura nicula ye pAMca zabda pracchAdaka vastra rakhe the| caNDamArI ke mandira meM purAne ke lie bhAe haiN| 138 yahI bhayaM yazastilaka meM camar3e ke bane vitAna kA ullekha hai / bhI upayukta baiThatA hai| somadeva ne likhA hai ki amarakopa meM ulloca aura dhitAna samAnArthI kAle kAle medha pRthvI-maNDala para isa taraha chA shtt| gaye, jaise nIlA pracchadapaTa bichA diyA ho| 13 // isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki prAcIna bhAratIya candauvA-candauvA ke lie yazastilaka meM vastra evaM veza bhUSA ke adhyayana ke liye yazassilaka sicayolloca tathA vitAna zabda pAe haiN| somadeva campU eka atyanta mahatvapUrNa graMtha hai jisase tatkAlIna ne likhA hai ki rAjapura meM gaganacumbI zikharoM para bhAratIya evaM videzI veza bhUSA para paryApta prakAza lage hue suvarNa-kalazoM se nikalane vAlI kAnti se par3atA hai / 136. nicolaH pracchadapaTaH, amarakoSa, 2, 6, 115 137. nicolate anena nicolaH yena tUlazayAdi pracchAdyate, vahI, saM0 TI0 / 138. nicolako nijalako nicaulaM ca nicaulypi| niculo vasatdhikAyAM smRtA paryastikAyutA / / zabUdaralAkara 3, 225 / 136. payodharonnatijanitajagadvalayanolanicaleSu, yaza0 saM0 pU0, pR071

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'bappabhaTTicarit' : aitihAsika mahattva hariananta kar3ake itihAsa vibhAga kurukSetra vizvavidyAlaya nAcArya prabhAcaMdra likhita prabhAvakatrarita jainiyoM upayukta aura sundara viSaya ana prAcAryoM kA jIvana " kA eka mahatvapUrNa graMtha hai| vikrama kI hI ho sakatA hai| ise hI mAdhyama banAkara 1lI zatI se lekara 13vI zatI ke pUrvabhAga taka ghaTanAmoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / aitihAsika ke jainadharma ke aneka prAcAyoM ke jIvana kA itihAsa ghaTanAoM ko bhI isa taraha ghumAyA gayA hai jisase isa graMtha meM saMkalita kiyA gayA hai| isakA ki jainadharma kI mahimA prakaTa ho| isaliye hamArI prAdhAra jaisA ki graMthakAra ne prastAvanA meM likhA mAdhunika dRSTi meM yadi isa paMtha kA aitihAsika hai prAcIna graMtha aura bahuta vidvAnoM se sunI huI mahatva kama ho jAtA hai to isameM pAzcarya nhiiN| paramparAeM haiN| ' I0 sa0 1277 meM isa patha kI parantu hameM yaha dhyAna rakhanA hai ki pratha kA svarUpa racanA pUrI huI imaliye katipaya mAdhunika vidvAn dhArmika hote hue bhI prasaMgavaza isameM aneka aitibhArata ke prAcIna itihAsa ko jAnane ke liye isakA hAsika tathyoM kI bhora saMketa kiyA gayA hai jisake prAmANya svIkAra karane ke liye taiyAra nhiiN| 2 sUkSma adhyayana se usa samaya ke itihAsa ko spaSTa lekhaka ke vicAra meM isa graMtha meM bhI aitihAsika karanA saMbhava hai| pAzcarya to yaha hai ki bappabhaTTi sAmagrI bharI par3I hai| pratha kucha bAda kA hone se carita meM variNata ghaTanAmoM kI puSTi skandapurANa usakI prAmANikatA ke bAre meM hameM saMdeha nahIM aura pratihAra samrATa mihirabhoja kI gvAliyara honA cAhiye / bRhatkathA aura mudrArAkSasa kA prazasti se ho jAtI hai jo isa graMtha ke mahatva ko adhyayana kyA hama maurya sAmrAjya ke itihAsa ke spaSTa karane ke liye paryApta hai| isa dRSTi ko dhyAna liye nahIM karate ? graMtha meM variNata aitihAsika meM rakhakara hI isa graMtha meM sUcita aitihAsika ghaTaghaTanAoM kA dUsare aitihAsika sAdhanoM ke sAtha nAmoM kI vivecanA prastuta nibaMdha meM kI gayI hai| tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane se yadi usakI sasyatA 'bappaTTicarit' prabhAvakacarita kA eka aMza hai| pramANita hotI hai to use svIkAra karane meM hameM kannauja ke rAjA prAma-nAgAvaloka ke sabhA paMDita koI Apatti nahIM honI caahie| prAcArya bappabhaTri kA jIvanacarita isakA viSaya hai| jainadharma ke mahatva ko sthApita karanA isa isa mAma-nAgAbaloka kA samIkaraNa itihAsamaMtha kA pradhAna uddezya hai / isake liye pratyanta kAroM 3 ne kannauja ke pratihAra samrATa nAgabhaTa 1. bahuca tamunIzebhyaH prAggranthebhyazca kAnicit / upatyetivRttAni varNayiSye kiyantyapi / 1 / -prabhAvakArita ( siMdhI janaapamAlA ) prastAvanA, saMvat 1667 / / 2. rA. ramezacandra mujumadAra "hisTrI praoNpha baMgAla" pR0 111-13, sinahA DiklAina maoNpha da kiMgaDama paoNpha magadha pR. 365 / 3. iMDiyana iMTIkverI, 1611, pR0 236-40, DA. tripAThI, 'hisTrI prApha kannauja, pR. 235 DA. alasekara, rASTrakUTAja eNDa deyara TAimsa' pR063, epi* iMDi0, bhA. 2, pR0 121-26 /

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti pratha 73 dvitIya ke sAtha kiyA hai| pratihAroM kA mUlasthAna rAjasthAna meM thA aura unakI rAjadhAnI saMbhavataH jAlaura thii| nAgabhaTa dvitIya ke samaya meM 4 pratihAroM ne kannauja jItA aura vahIM apanI rAjadhAnI badalI / sambhavataH isa aitihAsika tathya ko dhyAna meM na rakhane ke kAraNa hI bappabhaTTivarita meM grAma-nAgAvaloka ko kannauja ke rAjA yazovarmana kA putra aura uttarAdhikArI batAyA hai| aitihAsika dRSTi se yaha bAta satya jAna par3atI hai kyoMki nAgAvaloka kA zAsanakAla isI graMtha ke AdhAra para lagabhaga 792-833 60 sa0 taka rahA hai| yaha samaya kannauja ke zAsaka yazovarmana ( I0 sa0 724 -752) ke bahuta bAda kA hai prataH ise svIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA paThArI stambhalekha ke dhanusAra rASTrakUTa karka ne nAgAvaloka ko parAjita kiyA thaa| sambhavataH usane gobinda tRtIya ke sAtha uttarabhAratIya yuddhoM meM bhAga liyA jisameM nAgabhaTa dvitIya kI parAjaya huI thii| isI nAgabhaTTa ke prapitAmaha nAgabhaTa prathama ko bhI usake bhaDoMca / 6 ke sAmanya rAjA bhatRvaSya dvitIya ke hansoTa abhilekha meM nAgAvaloka kahA hai / ataH yaha saMbhava hai ki kucha pratihAra samrAToM ne nAgAvaloka kI upAdhi dhAraNa kI ho / bappabhaTTicarita meM bhI ise upAdhi ke rUpa meM hI batAyA gayA hai| isake atirikta skanda purANa ke dharmAraNya mahAtmya meM kannauja ke grAma-nAmaka rAjA kA varNana hai jo sArvabhauma rAjA thA aura jisake samaya meM jainadharma kA pracAra huA thaa| yaha vana cappabhaTTi ke grAmanAgAvaloka se bahuta milatA hai| E 8vIM-havIM aura 10vIM zatiyAM bhAratIya itihAsa meM pratyanta mahatva kI hai / kannauja ke pratihAra baMgAla ke pAla tathA dakSiNa ke rASTrakUToM meM khila bhAratIya pramukha ke liye eka bhayaMkara saMgharSa isI samaya huA thA / kannauja ke pratihAra bhora baMgAla ke pAla gaMgAghATI para adhikAra karane liye kisa taraha nirantara yuddharata rahe the isakA pramANa unake zatru rASTrakUToM ke abhilekhoM se bhI prApta hotA 4. jaina grantha kuvalayamAlA ke anusAra I0 sa0 778 meM vatsarAja jAbAlipura (jAlora) kA zAmaka thaa| isa vatsarAja ko vidvAnoM ne pratihAra rAjA vatsarAja mAnA hai| 6. vahI. bhA0 12. pR0 202 / 5 epi0 iMDi0 bhA0 6, pR0 255 / 7. idAnI ca kalau prApte dhAmo nAmnA vabhUva hi kAnyakubjAdhipaH zrImAna dharmo nItitataraH // 11 // esattvA guroreva kAnyakubjAdhipo bali rAjyaM prakurute tatra mAmI nAmnAhi bhUtale ||34|| sArvabhaumatvayApatraH prajApAlanatatparaH / prajAnAM kalinA tatra pApe buddhirajAyata ||35|| vaiSNavaM dharmamutsRjya bauddhadharmamupAgatAH / prajAstamanurvAtanyaH kSapaNaiH pratibodhitAH // 36 // adhunA vADava ghaSTa grAmo nAma mahIpatiH zAsanaM rAmacandrasya na mAnayati durmatiH jAmAtA tasya duSTo vai nAmnA kumArapAlakaH pANDaveSTito nityaM phAladharmeNa sammataH indra jainena prerita bauddhadharmaNA / 164-66 / skandapurANa brahmakhaMDa-dharmAraNya mahAtmya | aisA pratIta hotA hai ki isa purANa meM jaina dharma aura bauddha dharma meM aMtara nahIM rakhA gayA hai| donoM kA hI eka sAtha ullekha isa prasaMga meM kiyA gayA hai| eka dUsare prasaMga meM isa purANa meM moheraka nAmaka nagara kI carcA hai| prabhAvaka parit ke anusAra vappamaTTi ke guru siddhasena moDeraka ke nivAsI the kyA ina dono meM zrabhinnatA saMbhava nahIM ? prazna vicAraNIya hai / lekhaka ke vicAra meM inakI samAnatA gujarAta ke moDherA se ho sakatI hai| dhAma nAgAvaloka kA prabhAva gujarAta taka thaa| gvAliyara prazasti meM usake dvArA bhAvarta ke apaharaNa kA ullekha hai / vappabhaTTicarita ke anusAra bhI usane somanAtha kI yAtrA kI thii|

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arrafTTacarita' : aitihAsika mahatva hai | usa yuga kI isa mahatvapUrNa ghaTanA ko vismRta kara denA kisI bhI pratibhAzAlI lekhaka ke liye saMbhava nahIM thA / bappabhaTTicarita meM baMgAla ke rAjA dharmapAla prora kannauja ke grAma nAgAvaloka ke bIca cira zatrutA kA saMketa hai / 8 isakA upayoga bhI jaina siddhAntoM kI sarvoccatA dikhAne ke liye karanA thA isIliye sambhavataH yaha saMgharSa isa graMtha meM dharmapAla ke sabhA paMDita saugatAcArya vardhana kuMjara aura jainAcArya bappabhaTThi ke bIca dArzanika yAdavivAda kA svarUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai / " vijaya aMta meM baNabhaTTa kI hotI hai| pratihAra zAsaka bAuka kI jodhapura prayAsti se jJAta hotA hai ki usake pUrvavartI zAsaka kavaka ne mudgagirI meM gaur3oM ko parAsta kara yaza prApta kiyA thaa| 11 yaha zAsaka samrATa nAgabhaTa kA samakAlIna maura pradhIna zAsaka pratIta hotA hai| usake liye dhakele 73 ho gaur3oM ko harAnA sambhava nahIM jAna par3atA sambhavataH usane apane samrAT nAgabhaTa kI bhora se pAloM ke virUddha saMgharSa meM bhAga liyA ho / Upara vAraMgata dArzanika vAda-vivAda bhI donoM rAjyoM kI sImA para huA thaa| kyA yaha saMketa mudgagiri ke saMgharSa kI ora nahIM ? isa vivAda ke pariNAma svarUpa dharmapAla ko parAjaya varita hai| gvAliyara prazasti 12 meM bhI nAgabhaT aura baMgapati ke bIca bhayaMkara saMgharSa kA varNana hai jisameM vaMgapati kI burI taraha hAra huI thii| baMgAla jAne ke pUrva / bappamaTTicarita ke anusAra grAma nAgAvaloka godAbarI 13 ke taTa para gayA thaa| gvAliyara prazasti ke anusAra mAMdhra, saindhava, kaliMga aura vidarbha ne usake sammukha AtmasamarpaNa kara diyA thaa| jaisA di DA0 majumadAra mahodaya ne likhA hai nAgabhaTa ne ina rAjyoM kA baMgAla ke viruddha eka saMgha banAyA caMDIgar3ha ke samIpa piMjaura nAmaka eka sthAna hai| prAcIna jaina maMdiroM ke avazeSa mAja bhI vahAM dikhAI dete haiM / manuSya ke kada kI jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI pratimAyeM vahAM vidyamAna haiM / alaverunI ne piMjaura kA ullekha kiyA hai| kyA ina mandiroM kA isa samaya ke itihAsa se koI sambandha hai ? lekhaka ke mana meM aneka zaGkAyeM haiN| ina purAtana avazeSoM kA pradhyayana isa dRSTi se zrAvazyaka hai / apane mitra DA0 mizrA ke hama kRtajJa haiM jinhoMne vahAM svayaM jAkara yaha sUcanA prApta kI hai| 8. rAdhanapura vANI DiDorI tathA saMjAna tAmrapatra 9. paraMmestyAmarAjena dupaho vigrahAgrahaH tadArakhAnAd yadA pazcAt yAti tanme tiraskRtiH / / 168 / / gRhAgato nRpaH navito na ca sAdhitaH / dvidhApi ciravaMrasya nivRtinaMpravartitA // 261 // 10. rAjye naH saugato vidvAn nAmnA vardhanaku jaraH / bappabhaTTivarit / mahAvAdI dRr3haprajJo jitavAdI zatolataH || 362 || deza sandhI samAgatya vAda mudrAM kariSyati / samyai saha vayaM tatra sameSyAmaH kutUhalAt / / 363 / / dharmapAla bauddha thA / pAla prabhilekhoM meM use 'parama saugata' kahA gayA hai / tibbatI paramparA ke anusAra vikramazilA ke bauddha maTha kI sthApanA usane hI kI thI, jo 6 vIM se 12 vIM zatI taka vidyA kA mahatvapUrNa kendra rahI / virUpAta bauddha vidvAn haribhadra usakI sabhA meM the| isameM koI Azcarya nahIM ki arraft meM varNita bauddha vidvAna vardhanakuMjara bhI usake dabAva meM rahA ho / 11. tato'pi zrIyutaH kavakaH putro jAto mahAmatiH yazo mudgAgirI labdha yena gauDe saMbha rahe ||24|| epi. I, bhAga 18, 1068 12. gvAliyara prazasti zloka 1-10 / 13. gacchan godAvarItIre grAma kaMvidhavApa saH // 223 // bhaTTivarita tathA yAniyara prathAsti, phlo08

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti grantha Ge yA aura saMbhava hai isI kAraNa use godAvarI ke pradezoM se sambandha sthApita karanA par3A ho / isa graMtha meM bariMgata eka dhamma ghaTanA rAjagiridurga 14 kI vijaya hai / yaha grAma-nAgAvaloka kI aMtima vijaya thI / rAja giridurga eka durbhedya kilA thA jise jItane ke liye nAmAvaloka ko bahuta patna karane par3e the / usake pautra bhoja ke janma ke bAda ho vaha use jItane meM samartha ho sakA thA / isa rAjagiridurga kI sthiti eka vivAdya viSaya hai / prastuta lekhaka ne anya yaha karane kI ceSTA kI hai ki isa rAjagiridurga kA samIkaraNa gvAliyara prazasti meM ullikhita rAjagiridurga se ho sakatA hai jo saMbhavataH paMjAba meM thA mora gharaba itihAsakAra alabarUnI dvArA ullikhita hai / yaha saMbhava hai ki isa giridurga kI vijaya grAma nAgAvaloka ne apane sAmrAjya kI surakSA ke liye kI ho kyoMki jaisA ki isa samaya ke abhilekhoM se vidita hotA hai uttarI pazcimI sImA para araboM ke AkramaNa ho rahe the aura pratihAroM ne unheM roka kara deza kI rakSA kI thii| gvAliyara prazasti meM bhI nAgabhaTa kI vijayoM meM saindhava aura turuSka kI vijaya varita hai / skandapurANa 16 se hameM mlecchoM ke zAsana kA patA calatA hai| isake anusAra brahmAvarta taka grAma-nAgAvaloka ke prabhAva kI bhI jAnakArI prApta hotI hai| vahAM kA rAjA kumArapAla grAma kA jAmAtA thA aura usake samaya meM paMjAba meM jainadharma kA prabhAva bar3ha rahA thA / bappabhaTTirita se jJAta hotA hai ki gopAgiri 17 (gopAlaniri) yA gvAliyara grAma-nAgAvaloka ke adhikAra meM thaa| eka dUsare jaina lekhaka rAjazekharasUri ke prabandhakoza se bhI isa bAta kI puSTi hotI hai / mihira bhoja kI gvAliyara prazasti se usa pradeza kA usake adhikAra meM rahanA siddha hai / saMbhava hai vaha usake pitAmaha nAgabhaTa ke bhI adhikAra meM rahA ho| isI graMtha ke anusAra grAma nAgAvaloka kA putra dunduka thaa| gvAliyara prazasti meM usakA nAma rAmabhadra diyA huA hai / sambhava hai rAmabhadra kA dUsarA nAma dunduka rahA ho| nAma meM hone para bhI usakI prayogyatA ke viSaya meM paTTikara aura abhilekha ekamata haiM / 1 isake durAcArI zAsana meM dUra ke pradeza sAmrAjya se alaga ho rahe the aura zatrunoM ke prAkramaraNa ho rahe the| usake putra mihira bhoja ne isa pravyavasthA ko dUra kara zAsana kiyaa| isa graMtha ke anusAra bhI bhoja ne apane pitAmaha nAgAvaloka se bhI adhika pradeza jIte, bhraSTa rAjyoM para apanI prabhutA phira se sthApita kI / 16 uparokta vivecana se vaha spaSTa hai ki bappabhaTTicarit bhI prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa kI jAnakArI ke liye kitanA mahatvapUrNa sAdhana hai / isakI upAdeyatA prabhilekhoM aura dUsare sAhityika pramANoM se isake tulanAtmaka adhyayana se spaSTa ho jAtI hai / 14. bappabhaTTicarita || zlo0 661-675 / 15. nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA, saMva0 2021, aMka 0 1 2, pR0 182-83 / akhila bhAratIya prAcya pariSad-gauhATI adhivezana 'sArAMza' / - 1964 16. skandapurANa, brAhmakhaMDa dharmAraNya mahAtmya, zlo0 31 / 17. tathA gopagirI lepyamayavimvayutaM nRpaH ! zrI vIramaMdira tatratnayoviMzatihastakam // 140 // 18. eDi0 iMDi0 bhA0 16, pR0 16-16, bhA0 5, pR0 213, bappabhaTTicarita, pR0 106 - 110 / 16. bhoja rAjastato neka - rAjyabhraSTagrahaH / grAmAdapyAdhiko jaza jaina pravacanonnatI // 765 //

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mahAkavi raidhayugIna agravAloM kI sAhitya sevA pro0 dA0 rAjArAma jaina M. A., Ph. D. bhArA. mahAkavi raidhU sAhitya-gagana ke aise ujjavala uttarabhArata-vizeSataH madhyabhArata-kI Rddhi-samRddhi nakSatra the, jinhoMne apanI daivI-pratibhA se mAdi kI prAmANika jAnakArI ke liye raidhU-sAhitya madhyakAlIna samAja evaM rASTra ke antartama ko pradIpta kA mahatva eka vizvakoSa se kama nahIM ThaharatA / kiyA thaa| vividha rAjanaitika prAkramaNoM kI bochAroM ___ mahAkavi rahabU tathA unake sAhitya ke smaraNa se santapta, trasta evaM utpIr3ita mAnava-krandana kI ke samaya usa varga ko nizcaya hI vismRta nahIM kiyA karuNa pukAra para lokanAyaka kI taraha unhoMne apane jA sakatA. jisake sneha meM pagakara raidhU kI pratibhA ko sajaga kiyA aura sarasvatI ke varada putra banakara mukharita haI, bhAvanA ko projasvI vANI milI aura jo amRtatva kA dAna diyA vaha bhAratIya sAhitye nirantara prApta huI preraNAoM se jise vistAra tihAsa ke eka viziSTa pradhyAya ke rUpa meM sadA sura milatA rhaa| yaha vaha varga hai jo Aja "agravAla kSita rhegaa| jAti" ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| raidhU ne ise ___raidhU, jinakA ki samaya vi.saM. 1450-1546 "agoya' (bhaprota) "prayaravAla" (prapravAla) mAdi ke lagabhaga nirdhArita kiyA gayA hai, ne apane jIvana- nAmoM se sUcita kiyA hai / isa jAti ke udbhava aura kAla meM kaI granthoM kA praNayana kiyA thA. jinameM se vikAsa ke sambandha meM vividha mata-matAntara haiM lekina lagabhaga tIsa granthoM kA patA cala sakA hai aura abhI niSkarSa rUpa meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki isake taka caubIsa racanAeM upalabdha ho cukI haiM, jo kAryoM ne rASTrIya evaM sAmAjika kSetra meM sadaiva cAra purANa, carita, prArupAna, sivAnta, prAcAra, adhyAtma cA~da lagAe haiN| samAja evaM rASTra kI hara paristhiti evaM darzana prAdi viSayoM se sambaddha haiN|' ukta samasta meM isa varga ke netA apavA anuyAyI banakara pratyakSataH sAhitya padyamaya hai aura kAvyazAstra kI prAyaH sabhI athavA parokSataH tana, mana evaM dhana sabhI dRSTikoNoM vidhAmoM se alaMkRta hai| unakI bhASA sandhikAlIna se yathAzakti sakriya sahayoga kiyA hai| apabhraMza hai, kintu kucha grantha prAkRta evaM hindI tathA mahAkavi raidhU kA sAdhanA kendra gvAliyara thaa| kucha pA saMskRta ke bhI upalabdha haiM / samagra raidhU- use kavitva zakti evaM prabhAva paitRka virAsata ke sAhitya prabhI aprakAzita hI hai aura hastalikhita rUpa meM upalabdha hue the; kintu sAdhanAbhAva meM prasta rUpa meM uttara bhArata ke zAstra maNDAroM meM yatra-tatra kavi pratibhA ke pravaroSa kI sthiti gvAliyara tathA surakSita hai / bhAratIya madhyakAlIna itihAsa, saMskRti, sudUra dezavAsI vidyArasika bhagavAloM se chipI na pUrvavartI, evaM samakAlIna sAhitya tathA sAhityakAroM, rahI / zIghra hI agravAla kula ziromaNi kamalasiMha bhaTTArakoM, madhyakAlIna rAjanaitika, Arthika evaM saMghavI, jaina kulAvataMsa khemasiMha, agravAla kulakumudasAmAjika paristhitiyoM, samakAlIna rAjAmoM, gyA- candra harasI (harisiMha) sAhU prabhRti paricita evaM liyaranagara evaM durga kA namUtti kalA vaibhava evaM aparicita kaI pratiSThita nAgarika evaM nagaraseTha unake - - - 1. raidhU ke vyaktitva evaM kRtisva kI vistRta jAnakArI ke liye "apanaza bhASA ke sandhikAlIna mahAkavi raidhU" nAmaka hamArA nibandha, jo ki 'bhikSu smRti andha' kalakattA (1961) meM prakAzita

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bAbU choTelAlabAbU jaina smRti pranya pAra pahuMcane lage aura apane yahA~ hara prakAra kI pavitrAtmA kI upamA kailAza parvata sthita sarovara suvidhAeM prahaNakara sAhitya praNayana ke liye unase ke bimala jala se dI hai:bhAgraha karane lge| saMghavI kamalasiMha, jo ki gvA- paikiu baraticchu govAyali / jiha bharahe kailiyara ke, tomarayaMzI rAjA hUMgarasiMha (vi. saM. lAseM vimala ali / / 1451-:510) ke visa evaM gRhamaMtrI the, sarvaprathama (smmtt01||15||4) raidhU kI sevA meM pahuMcate haiM aura kahate haiM 2 "he tIrtha nirmAtA ke rUpa meM kamalasiMha kA smaraNa mahAkavi, mere pAsa zayanAsana, chatra, camara, dhvajA, yathArtha hI hai / gvAliyara meM jo sahasroM jana mUrtiyA~ 4 hAthI, ghor3e, ratha, prAma, nagara, deza, maNi, motI, nirmita huI haiM, unameM se adhikAMza kA nirmANa ukta bandhu-bAndhava mAdi sabhI bharapUra upalabdha hai, bhautika kamalasiMha kI kRpA se hI hamA hai| gommadezvara kI sAmagrI kI koI bhI kabhI nahIM hai, kintu mujhe yaha bAhubali-pratimA kA smaraNa karane vAlI 57 phITa sArA kA sArA vaibhava phIkA-phIkA lagatA hai kyoMki UMcI prAdinAtha kI mUrti ke nirmAtA evaM pratiSThApaka mere pAsa kAvyarUpI mundara mariNa nahIM hai (lalbhaiNa bhI sambhavataH yahI kamalasiMha haiM aura raidhU usake kanva mANikku bhvvu)|" phira Age ve punaH kahate pratiSThAcArya / caturvidha saMgha kA bhAra grahaNa karane se haiM 3 "manuSya kI prAyu mau varSa kI hotI hai, jisameM unheM siMghaI, saMvavI prathavA saMghapati pada se bhI se prAdhI prAyu sone meM aura bAkI kI mAyu khAna vibhUSita kiyA gayA thaa| gvAliyara ke sAMskRtika pIne meM dhanArjana karane meM, vividha manoraMjana karane utthAna meM nissandeha hI kamalasiMha saMghavI kA bar3A meM, roga, zoka, cintA prAdi meM samApta ho jAtI hai bhArI yogadAna hai usane svargoM ke sabhI sukhoM ko vahA~ aura dharma sAdhana kI bAta mana meM prA hI nahIM paatii| lAkara upasthita kara diyA thA, isIliye kavi ne use prataH mujha para prApa mahAna kRpA kIjiye tathA aisI bharata kSetra kI indrapurI evaM svarga-guru kI saMjJA racanA kA praNayana kara dIjiye jisameM 'samyaktva' kI dI hai| cacoM rocaka zailI meM ho| isa puNya kArya ko karake prApa merI sampatti kA sadupayoga karA diijiye|" ecchu ji bhArahi khetti ariga pasiddharaNaM iMdauru / govAyalu gAmeNa taM jaivaraNai tiyassa guru // ukta kamalasiMha saMghavI gvAliyara-rAjya kI sammatta. zarA-10 rAjanIti ke vidhAyaka to the hI kintu agravAla kamalasiMha ke prAgraha se kavi ne sammatta guNajAti ke gaurava evaM jaina samAja sAhitya evaM kalA gihANakavya (samyaktva guNanidhAna kAvya) kI ke mahAna saMrakSaka bhI the| raidhU ne unheM gopAcala racanA kI usameM kula cAra sandhiyAM evaM 104 karako zreSTha tIrtha banA dene vAlA kahA hai aura unakI vaka haiN| raidhu ne prabandhAtmaka paddhati ko lekara jisa 2-sammatta guNa gihANa kavva 1/7 3-sammatta guNa mihAga kanda 1/8 4-gvAliyara durga kI jaina mUrtiyoM ke sambandha meM vistRta jAnakArI ke liye zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya (bambaI) smRti grantha meM prakAzita 'gvAliyara-durga ke kucha jaina mUrti nirmAtA evaM mahAkavi raidhU" nAmaka merA zodha-nibandha par3hiye / 5-sammana 1 / 13 / 7. 6-yaha pratha ai010 sarasvatI bhavA vyAvara meM hastalikhita rUpa meM surakSita hai!

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mahAkavi raidhU yugIna agravAloM kI sAhitya sevA pradhyAtma aura prAcAramUlaka sAhitya kA nirmANa evahiM mahu viraNatti pamANahiM / kiyA hai usameM ukta racanA sabase adhika mahatvapUrNa saccha di gAmakkhA ThANahi // hai| isa grantha kI zailI nayasenAcArya ke kaDa grantha (sammatta0 1 / 14 / 8-12.) 'dharmAmaya ke samAna hai nayasena ne samyagdarzana aura paMcAravatoM kA kathana prabandhAtmaka pati para kiyA saMghavI kamalasiMha mudgala gotra ke the| inake bAbA hai| raidhU kI zailI yaha hai ki prArambha meM vaha viSaya kA nAma bhopA sAha thA, jo gvAliyara ke nivAsI kA svarUpa bizleSaNa, mahatva prAdi ke kathana ke the| inake cAra putroM meM se jyeSTha putra khemasiMha hI manantara kisI pAkhyAna ke mAdhyama se vizeSatAmoM kamalasiMha ke pitA the| kamalasiMha kA eka choTA kA pradarzana karatA hai tathA bAda meM apanA niSkarSa bhAI bhI thA jisakA nAma bhojarAja thaa| yaha pariupasthita karatA hai / racanA bar3I hI sarasa evaM vAra vidyAvyasanI evaM sAhityarasika thaa| kamalamAmika hai| siMha ne to ukta "sammattaguNariNahAraNakaca" ke liye "sammatta gurapaggihAragakavva" kI mAdyanta praza kavi ko prerita piyA hI, choTe bhAI bhojarAja ne sti meM kavi ne kamalasiMha ke liye agravAla kula bhI apane pitA kI anumodanA se kavi se anunayakumudacandra' evaM vijJAnakalAguNazreNIyukta' kahA vinaya karake apane liye prAkRta-gAthA nibaddha "siddhhai| ina vizeSaggoM meM tathA kamalasiMha ke upayukta tatpasAra" 4 nAmaka eka vizAla siddhAnta prAcAra kAryoM meM paryApta samAnatA hai| raidhu kI hara kRpA adhyArama evaM darzana viSayaka grantha kA praNayana ke prati kamasiha prAbhArI the| ve atyanta gadagada karAyA thaa| prastuta grantha meM 13 aMka evaM 1633 hokara tathA 'bAlamitra' kahakara unase nivedana / gAthAeM haiN| isameM kavi ne prasaMgavaza saMskRta-prAkRta karate haiM: ke kucha aise netara uddharaNa bhI diye haiM jinake sandarbha kA kucha bhI patA nahIM cltaa| isa grantha meM tuhu puNu kabarayaraNa rayaraNAyaru / kavi ne samyagdarzana, jIva-svarUpa, gugNasthAna, kriyAbAlamitta pramhahaM raNehAuru // bheda, karma, zrutAMga, labdhi, anuprekSA, dharma evaM dhyAna tahu mahu saccau pugNa mahAyau / ina daza viSayoM para mundara evaM mArmika vivecana mahu mariNaccha pUraNa bhrguraayu|| kiyA haijiNa payaTTha mahu Nirupaya hoti / caDiya pavAraNa guNeraNa mahaMti // dasaNa jIvasarUvaM guNa ThANANaM pi bheya kiriyAya / pai purA virayai saccha bhrnneyii| kammaM suyaMga ladI parazuvehA dhamma jhAraNaM va // pariya purANAgama bahumeyaI // siddhAnta. 115. 4-DaoN0 nemicandra zAstrI dvArA sampAdita evaM sarasvatI mandira prorA dvArA prakAzita. 1-sammatta gurapariNahAraNa kvv.4|35| 3. 2-vahIM 4 / 35 / 11. 3-zilAlekha saMgraha (mANika* sIrIja) tRtIya bhAga ke lekhAkU 633 (pR. 483) meM prApta vaMzAvalI meM bhopA sAhU ke pAMca putroM kA ullekha hai| usake pAMcaveM putra 'pAlkA' ko raidhU ne caturtha putra kahA hai tathA zilAlekha ke caturtha putra dhanapAla kA raidhU ne ullekha nahIM kiyaa| 4-yaha prati hastalikhita rUpa meM rAjasthAna jaina zAstra bhaNDAra jayapura meM surakSita hai|

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bAbU boTelAla jaina smRti anya ___siddhAntArthasAra' kA prazastibhAga truTita hai hai| isako lokapriyatA kA anumAna isIse lagAyA prataH yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki usake praNayana ke bAda jA sakatA hai ki bhArata ke kone-kone meM kavi kA kyA sammAna kiyA gayA, kintu yaha spaSTa jaina samAja isakA pATha karatI huI mAnanda vibhora hai ki 'sammattaguNariNahANa kavva' ko parisamApti ke ho uThatI hai / isakA mahatva gItA evaM bAibila se bAda kamalasiMha ne kavi ko bahuta prakAra se sammA- kisI bhI prakAra kama nhiiN| "mehesara parisa" meM nita kiyA thaa|' kula 13 sandhiyAM evaM 304 kaDavaka haiN| isameM mahAkavi raidhU ke dUsare preraka evaM mAtrayadAtA kavi ne bharata cakravatti ke senApati meghezvara ke the zrI kheU sAhU (khemasiMha sAhU), jinheM raidhU ne carita kA bar3A hI hRdayagrAhI varNana kiyA hai| dAna dene vAloM meM rAjA zreyAMsa kI upAdhi dI hai| kAvyakalA kI dRSTi se yaha racanA uccakoTi kI sAtha hI use pAgamarasa kA rasika', agravAla kula- hai| kavi ne isameM dubaI, gAhA, cAmara, pattA, pararUpI kamaloM ke liye candramA,kalAvatAra, kavi- DiyA, samAmikA, mattagayaMda prAdi vividha chandoM meM saMgI, evaM saMgapati' jaise vizeSaNoM se saMyukta zRgAra, vIra, vIbhatsa, raudra evaM zAnta prAdi rasoM kiyA hai| ye aiMDisa gotra ke the tathA yoginIpura inakA kI prasaMgavaza sundara udbhAvanAeM kI haiN| isakA nivAsa sthAna thaa| kavi ne kheU sAhU kI pATha kathA-bhAga paramparA se prApta hone para bhI kavi ne pIr3iyoM kA vistRta vitaraNa likhA hai| prathama apanI navIna holI tathA utprekSA, upamA, rUpaka pIr3hI dedA sAhU se prArambha hotI hai| usameM kheU sAhU prAdi alaMkAroM kI yojanA karake use kAphI sarasa chaThavIMpIr3hI ke the / inhoMne kavi ko prerita kara 'mehesara evaM mAkarSaka banA diyA hai / cariu' (meghezvara carita) evaM 'pAsaNAha pariu'' (pArzvanAtha carita) jaise mahAkAvyoM kA praNayana kheU sAhU kI anunaya-vinaya para jaba raidhU ne karAyA thaa| kheU ke caturtha putra honu sAha ne kavi pAsaNAha pariu ke praNayana kI svIkRti de dI taba ko "dasalakkharaNajayamAla"" ke likhane kI preraNA gheU sAhU kA mAnanda dekhate hI banatA hai / ve mAnanda kI thii| yaha jayamAla adhyAtmarasa kI anupama kRti vibhora ho nAcane lagate haiM aura kavi kI ukta 1-sammattaguNaNihANa kavya 4 / 34 / 11. 2-pAsaNAha cariu 718 / 4. 3-paasnnaah01|5 / 11 4-mehesaracariu 1 / 10 / 1. 5-mehesr05|1 saMskRta zloka. 6-mehesr06|1 saMskRta zloka. 7-pAsaraNAha. 1 / 5 / 11 8-mehesara0 718-10 1-isakA praparanAma mAdipurANa hai / yaha graMtha hastalikhita rUpa meM jaina siddhAnta bhavana pArA meM surakSita hai| 10-yaha praya hastalikhita rUpa meM rAjasthAna jaina zAstra bhaNDAra jayapura meM surakSita hai| 11-jaina pratha ratnAkara kAryAlaya bambaI (1923) se prAzita. 12--kaDavakachanda ke udbhava evaM vikAza para bhAratIya sAhitya saMsad pArANasI (1965) se prakAzita saMsad smArikA meM merA vistRta nibandha paDhiye /

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mahAkavi raI yugIna agravAloM kI sAhitya sevA svIkRti ko kalpavRkSa evaM kAmadhenu kI saMjJA dete hue kahate haiM ziyagehi uvam kaSpasvaSu / taha phala ko udhara sasukkhu // puSpeNa patra jara kAmadhe / ht freates puray vi gayareNu // taha para pura mahU ki saI pasAu maha jammu saphalu maTha dhanna jAu // saha dhaSNu jAsu erisa cittu / kazyaNa guraNu dulhU jeraNa patta // ( pAsaraNAha 1 / 8 / 1-4.) kavi ne jaba 7sandhiyoM evaM 138 kavakoM bAle 'pAsaragAha pari' ko likhakara samApta kiyA tathA use kheU sAhU ko sauMpA, taba vaha harSAtireka se gadagada ho uThe tathA dvIpa dvIpAntara se maMgavAe hue viviSa hIrA, motI, vastrAbhUSaraNa prAdi ko sasammAna samarpita kiyaa| kavi ne likhA hai: saMpuSNa kareNpira pat / ve sAhU grappiya satyu || dInaMtara bhAgaya viviha vatthu / pahirAvivi masohA parAtpu // grAharaNa saha maMDita pu pavitta / icchAdAroM raMjiyaDa pillu || saMtuTuDa paMDita yi mammi prAsIbAu bidiSNau kharAmmi || ( pAsaraNAha0 7|10|3-8) mahAkavi rahana ke eka prananya bhakta harasI sAhU the| unakI tIvra icchA thI ki unakA nAma candra vimAna' meM likhA jAya 'rAmacarita' (papacarita) ko binA likhavAye tathA usakA svAdhyAya kiye JE binA ukta lakSya kI pUrti sambhava nahIM, aisA unakA dRr3ha vizvAsa thA / ataH ve kavi se sAgraha anurodha karate haiM ki usake nimitta vaha 'rAmacarita' kI racanA avazya karade, kintu use sunakara kavi apanI prasamatA prakaTa karate hue kahatA hai ki "bhAI, 'rAmacarita' kA likhanA kyA grAsAna bAta hai ? usake likhane ke liye mahAna sAdhanA, kSamatA evaM zakti kI bhAvazyakatA hai / Apa hI batAiye bhalA, ki ghar3e meM samudra ko koI bhara sakatA hai ? sA~pa ke sira para sthita mariNa ko koI sparza kara sakatA hai ? prajjyalita paJcAgni meM koI apanA hAtha DAla sakatA hai ? binA dhAge ke ratnoM kI mAlA koI graMtha sakatA hai ? nhiiN| ThIka isI prakAra binA buddhi ke isa vizAla rAmakAvya kI racanA karane meM maiM kaise pAra pA sakUMgA ?" isa prakAra kA uttara dekara kavi ne sAhU kI bAta ko sambhavataH TAla denA cAhA, kintu sAhU sAhaba bar3e catura the| unhoMne aise mauke para vaNik buddhi se kAma liyaa| unhoMne kavi ko apanI pUrva maMtrI kA smaraNa dilAte hue kahA- tu kamyu puraMdhara dosahAri / satyatya sasu bahU viraNaya dhAri / kari kathyu cita paraharahi mitta || tuha muhi bisai sarasai pavitta // // ( balahadda0 11515- 6, ) arthAt kavivara dhApa to nirdoSa kAvya racanA meM ghurandhara haiN| zAstrArtha prAdi meM kuzala haiM, vinayabAna evaM udArahRdaya hai| ApakI jihvA para sarasvatI kA vAsa hai prata: isa kAvya kI racanA avazya hI karane kI kRpA kIjiye / " antataH kavi taiyAra ho jAtA hai aura 'rAmacarita" kI racanA prArambha kara detA hai / 1bala pri1|4 / 12. baha0 1 / 4 / 1-4. 3- isa racanA ke aparanAma balahRda carita ( balama carita) evaM paumacariu (padmacarita bhI hai / rakRta yaha racanA prakAzita hai aura dillI ke caina zAstra bhaNDAra meM truTita rUpa meM surakSita hai|

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bAbU boTelAla jaina smRti anya grantha kI racanA samApti para jaba "kavi ne humA thA' / mahApuruSoM ke carita inheM bahuta hI apanA rAmacarita samapita kiyA taba harasI sAha rucikara lagate the prataH kavi ko prerita karake inhoMne ke harSa kA pArAvAra na rhaa| ve kavi ko sammukha 12 sandhiyoM evaM 246 kar3avakoM vAlA rAma carita mAyA dekha apanA mAsana chor3akara turanta daur3e tathA athavA bala bhadra carita to likhAyA hI thA, sAtha viziSTa prAsana lAkara sarvaprathama kavi ko usa para hI "sirivAla cariu"2 (zrIpAla carita) kA baiThAyA aura sabhI prakAra ke gauravoM se use sammA- praNayana bhI unhoMne apane prAzraya meM karAyA thaa| isameM nita kiyaa| phira sundara-sundara bezakImata vastra, dasa sandhiyA~ evaM 202 kaDavaka haiN| rAca-carita kuNDala, kaMkaraNa, alaMkRta aMgUTI prAdi pAbhUSaraNoM se kI prazasti ke anusAra ukta harasI: sAhU kI use pralakRta kiyaa| punaH usane eka atyanta sundara divahI evaM volhA hI nAma kI do paliyAM thIM / saje hue ghor3e para baiThAkara bar3e hI utsava ke unakA karamasiMha' nAma kA eka putra thA jise sAtha kavi ko vApisa bhejaa|" rAjaraMgarasiMha se rAjyAsammAna prApta thA / vaha ................ ....... mammi (2) / apane pitA ke samAna hI sAhityarasika thaa| paMDiu prAsaNi dhAviyau ternn| mahAkavi raidhU ke eka ananya bhakta the khelhA puNu sammANiu cahugauraveNa // sAhU' jinakI preraNA se kavi ne 'harivaMzapurANa' varavacchahi kuDala kaMkaNehi / 'evaM' sammaijiraNa cariu', (sanmati jina carita) aMguliyahi mudidaya gimmalehiM / / kI racanAeM kI thiiN| 'harivaMza purANa' meM 14 pujivi pAharaNa hiM pRNu turaMgi / sandhiyAM evaM 302 kaDavaka haiM, tathA 'sammai jiNa pAropivi sajjiu caMcalaMgi / / cariu' meM dasa sandhiyAM evaM 246 kaDayaka haiN| gauriNaya gihi paMDiu sacchaterae / ukta khelhA yoginIpura (dillI) kI pazcimajiNagehi gayau mumahuchaveNa || dizA meM sthita hisArapiroja ( sambhavataH phIroja zAha dvArA basAe gaye hisAra nAmaka nagara ) ke raghu ne ukta harasI sAhU kI chaha poliyoM kA nivAsI agravAla vaMza ke goyala gotra meM utpanna ullekha kiyA hai| isameM prAdi puruSa kA nAma chage zrI tosau sAhU ke jyeSTha putra the|' svAdhyAya sAha thaa| inakI caturtha pIr3hI meM harasI sAha kA janma premI hone ke kAraNa ve siddhAnta eva prAgama gratho 1-sirivAla cariu 10 / 24-25. 2--isa racanA kA aparanAma siddhacakka mAhayya (siddhacakra mAhAtmya) bhI hai / yaha racanA aprakAzita hai aura rAjasthAna jaina zAstra bhaNDAra jayapura meM surakSita hai| 3-sirivAla. 10 / 25 / 5. 4-vistRta jAnakArI ke liye anekAnta varSa 15, kiraNa 1 pR. 16-20 (apraila 1962) meM prakAzita "mahAkavi raidhU dvArA ullikhita khelhA brahmacArI" nAmaka merA zoSa-nibandha dekheN| 5- isa racanA kA aparanAma mipurANa bhI hai| pramudrita rUpa meM jaina siddhAnta bhavana pArA meM surakSita hai| 6-isa racanA ke bhI aparanAma vardhamAna carita, vIracarita evaM mahAvIra carita haiM / racanA prakAzita hai aura dillI ke jaina zAstra bhaNDAra meM surakSita haiM / 7-sammai.1. 31-34.

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mahAkaSi raIdhU yugIna apravAloM kI sAhitya sevA ke acche jAnakAra / ' khelhA kA vivAha kurukSetra sAtha hI sudUravartI dakSiNa meM bhI bhaTTArakIya gaddiyoM ke jaina dharmAnurAgI seThiyAvaMza ke zrI sahajA sAhU ke mAdhyama se unhoMne ma ta pracAra evaM sthAyI ke putra zrI tejA sAhU ko jAlapA nAmaka patnI se kArya kiye haiM / sAhitya ke kSetra meM agravAloM ne utpanna khImI nAmaka putrI se huA thaa| 2 santAna vidvAnoM evaM sAbunoM ko ucita zraddhA, sammAna hIna hone ke kAraNa khelhA ne apane bhAI ke putra evaM sAdhana dekara unheM samAja ke zIrSa para pAsIna hemA ko goda le liyA tathA gRhasthI kA bhAra use kiyA / madhya kAlIna jaina-mUrtiyAM, mandira, sauMpakara muni yaza.kIrti ke pAsa aNuvrata dhAraNa sAhitya evaM zAstra bhaNDAra nissandeha hI isake kara liye the aura tabhI se phira ve brahmacArI kahalAne jIte-jAgate udAharaNa haiN| lage the| 3 khelhA brahmacArI me gvAliyara-durga meM rAdhU-sAhitya meM sAhitya likhavAne vAle candraprabhu bhagavAna kI eka sundara vizAla mUrti kA prathayA zAstroM ko pratilipi karane athavA karAne nirmANa karAyA thA / 4 gvAliyara ke suprasiddha bAloM kA mahatva bhI sAhitya lekhaka se kama nahIM saMghapati kamalasiMha inake ghaniSTha mitra the aura unhI mAnA gayA / sAhitya-sevA ke kSetra meM isa prakAra ke sahayoga evaM sahAyatA se khelhA ne ukta mUrti kI ukti nizcaya hI agravAla jAti ko sAhitya evaM eka vizAla zikharabanda mandira kI pratiSThA sevA sambandhI eka sphUti, sAhitya pracAra maura bhI karAI thii| mUti-niriNa ke prAsapAsa hI prasAra ke prati lagana evaM prAsthA kA dyotana ve ekAdaza-pratimA ke dhArI bana gye|| karatI hai| vistAra-bhaya evaM pRSTha-sImA ko vivazatA ke isI prakAra kavi ne raNamala sAhU, prADU sAhU, kAraNa yaha nibandha yahAM samApta karatA hUM, kintu loNA sAha, tosau sAhU, kunthudAsa, hemarAja prabhRtti kAlIna agravAloM kI vividha sevAnoM kI sImA agravAloM ke bhI ullekha kiye haiM / jinhone usa hara rekhA yahI nahIM hai isase kahIM adhika dUra hai / vastutaH prakAra kI sahAyatA, sammAna evaM prAzrayadAna dekara samAja, sAhitya evaM rASTra kA aisA koI bhI pragatiusase eka vizAla sAhitya kA nirmANa karAyA thaa| zIla evaM racanAtmaka kArya nahIM hai jisase agravAloM inake atirikta mahAkavi raddhU ne apanI kA sakriya sambandha na ho / yadi madhyakAlIna samagra vistRta prazastiyoM meM bahuta se saMghapatiyoM, mUrti- sAhitya ko na bhI leM aura akele raidhU-sAhitya ke nirmAtAnoM, mUtipratiSThApakoM, giranAra mAdi tIyoM prazasti khaNDoM meM ullikhita agravAloM ke kAryoM kA kI yAtrA karane vAloM, rAjanayikoM, bhadrArakoM prAdi lekhA-jokhA kiyA jAya to bhI usase isa jAti ke ke bhI vistRta ullekha kiye haiM jinakI carcA isa gauravapUrNa kAryoM kA eka sundara prAmANika itihAsa nibandha meM nahIM kI gaI hai ina ullekhoM se yaha spaSTa anya taiyAra ho sakatA hai| rAdhU-sAhitya nizcayataH vidita hotA hai ki madhyakAla meM jainadharma, sAhitya, hI agravAla-jAti ke svarNamaya pratIta ke gaurava mUti evaM mandiranirmANakalA Adi ke kSetra meM jo kA eka advitIya udAharaNa hai| yadi yaha sAhitya pracAra-prasAra huA usameM prasavAloM kA hI pramukha prakAzita ho jAya to usakA yaza caturdika vikIrNa hAtha rahA hai| samagra uttara bhArata meM to unhoMne hokara samAja evaM rASTra ko surabhita karegA, isameM tana-mana evaM dhana se anavarata kArya kiyA hI, koI sandeha nahIM / 1. smmi01|3 / 2. 2. smmi010|34 | 18-27. 3. smmi010|34 / 28-34. 4. sammai.114 / 11-12 5. smmi.1|4|16-18, 6. smmi01|4|6.

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-- koyale ko dhone se usakA raMga nahIM badalA jA sakatA, use| Aga meM jalAnA par3atA hai| duSTa isI prakAra sudhAre jA sakate haiM, bAtoM se nhiiN| Aja jo bAta kaThina jAna par3atI hai, vahI kisI dina sIdhI aura sahaja ho jaaygii| ___x xxx bhAga aura pApa bahuta dinoM taka nahIM chipate / Aja kA amanala kala nahIM rhtaa| manuSya kA svabhAva kucha aisA hI hai ki tanika sA doSa dekhate hI, kucha kSaNa pUrva kI sabhI bAteM bhUlate use dera nahIM lgtii| -bAbUjI kI DAyarI se

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hindI AdikAla ke jaina prabandha kAvya zyAma varmA ema0esasI0, ema0 e0 (saMskRta, aMgrejI, hindI ) sAhityaratna, mAyurvedaratna apabhraMza bhASA ke garbha se hindI kA udaya kaba ho gayA yaha jAnane ke lie koI nirvivAda praNAlI Aja upalabdha nahIM hai| apabhraMza ke yahA kavi svayaMbhudeva ko hindI kA mahAkavi ghoSita kiyA jA cukA hai kyoMki unakI bhASA vAstava meM prAcIna hindI kA rUpa hI hai / vikrama kI prAThavIM zatAbdI ke isa mahAkavi se caudahavIM zatAbdI taka ke kAla meM jaina kaviyoM dvArA racita prabandha kAvyoM kA saMkSipta paryAlocana prastuta nibandha meM kiyA jAyagA / zrI nAthUrAma premI kI eka TippaNI svargIya zrI nAthUrAma premI ne 'hindI jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa' meM usa samaya upalabdha hindI jaina sAhitya ke viSaya meM vicAra karate hue likhA thA - " yaha hameM mAnanA par3egA ki jaina kaviyoM meM ucca zreNI ke kavi bahuta hI thor3e hue haiM |....jo ucca zreNI ke kavi hue haiM unhoMne prAyaH aise viSayoM para racanA kI hai jinako sAdhAraNa buddhi ke loga bahuta kaThinAI se samajha sakate haiN|.... sAdhAraNopayogI prabhAvazAlI caritakAvyoM kA jainasAhitya meM prAya prabhAva hai mora jaina samAja tulasIkRta rAmAyaNa jaise utkRSTa granthoM ke mAnanda se vaMcita hai / zIlakA aura khuzAlacaMdajI ke padmapurANa zAdi kI niHsatva kavitA ko par3hate-par3hate janasamAja zAyada yaha bhUla hI gayA hai ki acchI kavitA kaisI hotI hai / " yaha sAhitya mahatvapUrNa hai parantu yaha mArmika bAta vikrama saMvat 1974 meM likhI gaI thii| aura tadanaMtara anekAneka sundara jainakAvyoM ke prakAza meM bhAne se hindI kAvya ke kSetra meM jainapratibhA ke prati lokazraddhA meM vRddhi huI hai / DA0 haramana yAkobI, zrI cimanalAla DAhyAbhAI dalAla muni jina vijaya, prophesara hIrAlAla jaina, DA0 parazurAma vaMdya, paM0 lAlacanda gAMdhI, DA0 jagadIzacandra jaina, DA0 pralsaphorDa, zrI rAhula sAMkRtyAyana, zrI nAthUrAma premI, zrI kastUracaMda kAsalIvAla prabhRti vidvAnoM ke parizrama se jaina sAhitya bahuta kucha anveSita, susampAdita evaM prakA zita huA hai| aba to jaina prabandha-kAvyoM kA prabhAva jAyasI, tulasI prAdi mahAkaviyoM para siddha karane ke prayatna kie jA rahe haiN| aise dAvedAroM meM zrI rAhula sAMkRtyAyana kA nAma vizeSa ullekhya hai / unhoMne na kevala svayaMsudeva ko hindI kA sarvottama kavi hI ghoSita kiyA apitu tulasI ko svayaMbhu kA dhanukartA bhI mAnA hai| isa pratizayokti para TippaNI nirarthaka hai / dalavizeSa yA sampradAya vizeSa reat vicAradhArA vizeSa se baMdhakara yadi na socA jAya to upanirdiSTa 600 varSoM ke upalabdha hindI jaina prabandha kAvyoM kA paryavekSaraNa kara niSpakSa sahRdaya mAlocaka yaha kahane ko bAdhya hogA ki yaha sAhitya vizAla na hote hue bhI mahatvapUrNa hai / ina prabandhakAvyoM meM saundarya, sneha, sAdhanA, saMnyasta jIvana, saMgrAma bhAdi vividha vyApAroM ko chandoM ke kalAtmaka paridhAna, alaMkAroM kI kamanIya chaTA evaM bhASA ke pariSkRta rUpa ke sAtha sarasatA pUrvaka citrita kiyA gayA hai| prabandhakAvyoM ke do bheda prabandhakAvyoM ke do bheda mAnya haiM--mahAkAvya

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti pranya pora khaNDakAvya ! mahadezya, mahAna caritra, sampUrNa 'paumacariu' tathA rihanemi caritra tathA 'paMcamipugajIvana kA citraNa, garimAmayI evaM udAtta zailI cariu' tIna prabandhAkavya haiM / antima grantha eka ityAdi guNoM se bhaNDita hotA hai vizAlakAya khaNDakAvya hai jo abhI anupalabdha hai; isameM mahAkAvya / aura khaNDakAvya hotA hai aprAsaMgika nAgakumAra caritra variNata rahA hogaa| kathAnoM se muktaprAya, kathA meM ekadezIyatA yukta, paumacarita kathAvikAsa meM varNanavistAra kama tathA bhAvapravaNatA 'paumacarita' meM rAmacaritra variNata hai| isameM adhika lie hue| pAMca kANDa haiM-vidyAdharakANDa. ayodhyAkANDa jaina prabandhakAvyoM kI lokapriyatA kA prazna sundarakANDa, yuddhakANDa mora uttarakANDa / inameM saMskRta ke jaina kaviyoM ne aitihAsika mahA- kramazaH 20,22, 14, 21, mora 13 sandhiyAM haiN| kAvyoM kI racanA meM ruci evaM dakSatA dikhAI hai. sAndhasaga] / prathama 83 sandhiyAM svayaMbhudeva dvArA yadyapi inakA sAhityika tathA aitihAsika bhalya racita haiM aura unameM grantha pUrNa hai / aMtima 7 saMdhiyoM mAsthira hai| isake viparIta hindI jainakaviyoM ne ko svayaMbhudeva ke putra tribhuvana ne pitRdehAvasAna apane prabandhakAvyoM meM mahAkaviyoM kI apekSA khaNDa- ke uparAnta jor3a diyA thaa| graMtha kA prAraMbha namra kAvyoM aura zAstrIya zailI kI apekSA carita zailI prAtmanivedana tathA prAtmavizvAsAbhivyakti ke sAtha meM hI racanA adhika kI hai| eka viziSTa pAta hotA hai kavi 'sAmAraNa bhAsa' ko tyAgane meM asamartha yaha bhI hai ki saMskRta ke jainakaviyoM meM sAmpradAyika hai aura 'gAmela bhAsa' ko tyAgakara kucha bhAvanA se mukta hokara racane kA jo garaNa pAyA jAtA 'bhAgama-jutti' gar3hane meM use rUci nahIM hai / "puraNa hai vaha hindI ke jaina kaviyoM meM kama hI dikhAI par3atA appaNauM pAyaDIna rAmAyaNa kAve" ke anusAra kavi hai / prAyaH sabhI prabandhakAvya jaina vAtAvaraNa se kI kRti svAntaH sukhAya racita hai| paripUrNa haiM / prAyaH jainamandiroM meM, aura bahuta huA mAnavIya zakti aura durbalatA donoM se yukta to janasamAja ke eka graMza ke madhya taka, sImita rahane rAma ko citrita karane meM kavikozala pAkara bhI hama vAle ina granthoM ko majaina samAja ne to saMbhavataH yaha kahane ko bAdhya haiM ki kavi kI mahAnubhUti rAma isa kAla meM hI dekhA hai, aura abhI bhI bahuta kama se na hokara sItA se hai| jahAM jahAM sItA kA varNana hI / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki prAyaH kavigaNa sarasa yA sItA dvArA kisI kathana kA prasaMga prAtA hai, sthaloM meM (mane kI apekSA naraka, svarga, lokya, kavi kI lekhanI thiraka uThatI hai-agniparIkSA se karmaprakRti, gaNasthAnAdi ke vistRta varNanoM meM pUrva sItA varAsana para virAjamAna kaisI lagatI hai? hI phaMse rahe haiM aura darzana se bojhila sAhitya loka- 'sAsaNa-devae jaMjiraNa-sAsaNa' (jaise jina-zAsana priya nahIM ho sktaa| jainaprabaMdhakAvyoM kI loka- para jina devtaa)| usa samaya sItA ko rAma ne kaise priyatA ke prazna para vicAra karate samaya yaha dekhA ? 'siya-pakkha ho divase pahillae caMda-leha eNaM mahattvapUrNa bAta bhI dhyAna meM rakhanI hogI ki sAyareNa' (arthAt jaise sAgara zuklapakSa ke prathama ina kaviyoM ke sAmane rASTrIyatA kI preraNA dene divasa para candrarekhA ko dekhe) / jaba rAma ne sItA kA lakSya nahIM rahA, prAyaH sampradAya-bhakti hI ko azuddhatA va nirlajjatA ke lie dhikkArA to preraNA evaM uddezya rhaa| nirbhIka evaM satItva ke garva se yukta sItA kI mahAkavi svayaMbhudeva uktiyAM bahuta mArmika bana par3I haiM yathAmahAkavi svayaMbhudeva sAmpradAyika unmAda se "purisa NihINa hoti guNavata vi rahita the| ve mahAkaviyoM meM agragaNya haiN| unake tiyahe raNa panti jati maraMta vi"

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hindI ke mAdikAla ke jaina prabandha kAvya [ puruSa guNavAna hokara bhI hIna hote haiM jo maratI ___ "jahi dakkhA-maMDava pariyalaMti huI strI kA bhI vizvAsa nahIM karate / ] puNu paMthiya rasa-salilai piyaMti" "gara-NArihiM ebahuu aMtara arthAta vahAM drAkSA ke maNDapa laharAte rahate haiM maraNa vi vellie bhellai tasvaru" paura pathika jala na pIkara drAkSA rasa hI pIte haiN| [mara aura nArI meM yahI aMtara hai ki marane para bhI bhagadha kI samRddhi kI kaisI sundara vyaMjanA hai| latA taruvara kA tyAga nahIM krtii| isI prakAra kAmerI pradeza meM indranIlamaNiyoM kA bAhulya bhI sundara vidhi se vyaMgya hai-vahAM indra aura taba sItA agni ko cunautI detI hai ki nIla kI kiraNoM se bhidyamAna zazi jIrNa darpaNa ke vaha jalA sake to jalAe / pragni-parIkSita sItA samAna ho gayA hai| se rAghava kSamAyAcanA karate haiM to sItA kA caritra eka vicitra mor3a letA hai / mora vaha dArzanika bhASA upamAnoM ke samAyojana meM bhI svayaMbhUdeva kA bolakara antavyathA kI mArmika abhivyakti karatI apanA vaiziSTya hai| navIna evaM rUr3ha upamAnoM kI haiM-he rAghava ! na tumhArA doSa hai, na janasamUha kA, mAlA se ve pratyeka citra ko saTIka upasthita karanA doSa to duSkarma kA hai ! aura isase mukti jAnate haiN| vana kI mora prasthAna karatI sItA kA upAya yahI hai ki aisA upAya kiyA jAe (rAmagamana prasaMga meM ) rAjabhavana se nikala rahI jisase phira strIyoni meM janma na lenA pdd'e| hai to kavi ko aisI lagA mAno himavAn se gaMgA, veda se gAyatrI athavA zabda se vibhakti nikala par3I sampUrNa mahAkAvya hI karuNa prasaMgoM se aotaprota ho| yahAM para bhAvanA ko mukharatA dRSTavya hai / hai| rAmavanagamana ke avasara para mAtA kA vilApa lokagItAtmaka bhASA meM pratyanta mAmika hai| daza pratApI rAvaNa ke maraNa para vibhISaNa vilApa ratha vilApa bhI hRdayasparzI hai / yuddha meM mAhata lakSmaNa meM alaMkAra mAvonayana meM sahAyaka haiM-yaha tumhArA ke liye vilApa karate marata kI uktiyAM-'maha hAra nahIM TUTA par3A hai, tArAgaNa hI TUTe par3e riNavaDiUsi dAhiNau pANi' tathA 'prAyai sabbai haiM; tumhArA hRdaya viddha nahIM huA hai, vizvavyApI lambhati jai, gavaraNa lagbhai bhAivaru" ityAdi- gagana hI vida huA hai| tumhArI prAyu samApta nahIM atyanta sundara haiN| rAvaNa maraNa para vibhISaNa evaM huI hai, ratnAkara hI rItA ho gayA hai| tuma nahIM gae. mandodarI dvArA bilApa bhI svAbhAvika evaM __ merI mAzAmoM kI poTalI hI calI gaI hai| tuma nahIM karaNa haiN| so rahe ho, mAja sampUrNa bhUmaNDala hI so gayA hai| svayaMbhudeva ne yuddhavarNana meM bhI bar3I kuzalatA godAvarI nadI ke varNana meM kavi kI sUjha dikhAI hai| yuddha yAtrA varNana, zUravIroM kI utsAha- dekhiepUrNa bhAvanAmoM kA citraNa tathA yuToM kA varNana "pheraNAli baMkima-balayAlaMbiya mahi bahu pratyanta projasvo bhASA meM kiyA gayA hai| prahe trinnyaa| 'paumacariu' meM manohara prAkRtika dRzya bhI jala-Nihi mattAraho mottiya-hAraho vAha citrita hai| magadha deza meM pake dhAna kI phalamoM, zuka pasAriya dAhiNiyA // " paMkti, nandanavana prAdi kA varNana karane ke uparAnta arthAt godAvarI baMkima-phenAvalirUpI valaya se kavi kahatA hai pralaMkRta jalanidhi kI vadhU pRthvI ko dakSiNa bhujA hai

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti prantha 5dii jo usane muktAhAra se suzobhita prapane pati kI prora prasArita kara dI hai| samudra kI gaharAI kI upamA mahAkAvya kI gaharAI se, zrAkAza meM megha vistAra kI upamA mahAkAvya ke vistAra se tathA samudra ke kandana kI upamA kisI nirdhana vyakti kI prapramANa cIkhapukAra dekara mahAkavi ne navInatA dikhAI hai / paumacariu ke adhyayana ke uparAnta isa mahAkAvya ko amarakAvya tathA svayaMbhudeva ko yazaskAya kahe binA rahA nahIM jA sakatA / rimicariu svayaMbhudeva kRta 'riTThamicariu' yA harivaMza purANa' 18000 zloka pramANa mahAkAvya hai jabaki paumacariu kevala 12000 zloka pramANa hai| isameM yAdava, kuru aura yuddha nAmaka tIna kANDa haiM jinameM 13, 16 aura 80 sandhiyA~ haiM / prAraMbhika 69 sandhiyoM ke racayitA svayaMbhudeva haiM, grantima 2 sandhiyAM 6 zatAbdI bAda hone vAle jasakitti kavi kI kRti haiM tathA zeSa tribhuvana kI / nissandeha graMtha 66 sandhiyoM meM pUrNa thA / isa mahAkAvya meM svayaMbhudeva kI sarvAdhika sahAnubhUti draupadI ke sAtha hai| kocaka dvArA apamAnita draupadI ko dekhakara striyoM ko TippaNI bahuta sundara hai / para rAtri ko draupadI jaba bhIma se apanA duHkha vyakta karatI hai to krUrakarmA bhIma dArzanika bhASA meM draupadI ko samajhAtA hai-"tuma saMsAra dharma nahI nirakhatIM / kahIM sukha hai, kahI du.kha / pUrvakarmoM kA vRkSa ye do phala hI detA hai ! dekho rAvaNa dvArA sItA ko kyA thor3A duHkha huA thA ?" pAThaka ise kAvyApakarSa ho mAnegA / tribhuvana ne apanI racita sandhiyoM meM dArzanikatA bar3hAkara bhASA ko bojhila aura graMtha ko nIrasa hI zradhika banAyA hai, bhale hI usake dvArA dhArmikatA bar3ha gaI ho / prati prAcIna evaM udAra 'yApanIya saMgha' ke anuyAyI mahAkavi svayaMbhudeva paravartI jaMna kaviyoM kI apekSA adhika udAra the yaha bAta riTTharomicari meM pratyanta spaSTa ho jAtI hai / prabhimanyu marate samaya jisa saveciva deva kI vandanA karatA hai vaha jaina sampradAya kI mAnyatA ke anusAra variMgata na hokara eka sarvaprabhAvI rIti se variMgata hai - " jo niSkala, satat, parAtpara hai, jo nArAyaNa, dinakara viSNu ziva, varuNa, hutAzana, zazi aura pavana hai, vaha cAhe jo ho use ekAnta bhAva se smaraNa karatA huA abhimanyu mRtyu ko prApta huA / " kitanI sundara ukti hai ! antima paMkti ko kavi ke zabdoM meM hama doharAyeM - " jo hou su hou puraNantu thiu, ekkante kareppira kAlu kintu / " apane nijI vicAroM ko apane pAtroM para thopane kA roga svayaMbhudeva ko nahIM lagA thaa| mahAkavi puSpadaMta vikrama kI gyArahavIM zatI ke mahAkavi puSpadanta kI bhoja pravAha, saundarya aura rasa se paripUrNa racanAoM ke kAraNa unakA nAma smaraNa svayaMbhudeva ke pazcAta atyanta bhAdarapUrvaka kiyA jAtA hai / mahAkavi ne svayaM ko 'abhimAnameru' 'kavikulatilaka' 'kAvya pisalla' 'sarasvatInilaya' zrAdi nAma yathArtha hI die the / unake tInoM prabandhakAvya mUlyavAna haiM / 'tisaTThimahApurisaguNAlaMkAru' mahAkAvya hai / 'gAyakumAra cariu' va 'jasaharacarija' khaNDakAvya haiM / tisaTThimahApurisaguNAlaMkAru 'tisaTThi mahApurisa guNAlaMkAra' kI prasiddha 'mahApurANa' ke nAma se hai| isake do khaNDa haiMzrAdipurANa aura uttara purANa / jaina mahApuruSoM -- 24 tIrthakara 12 cakravartI, baladeva, 6 vAsudeva aura 6 prati vAsudeva - prarthAt 63 zalAkApuruSoM ke caritra isa graMtha meM variMgata haiN| mAdipurANa meM bhagavAna RSabhadeva kA aura uttarapurANa meM zeSa

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hindI ke AdikAla ke jaina prabandha kAvya tIrthaGkaroM va unake samakAlInoM kA caritra nibaddha hai| mArga-purANa meM 80 saMdhiyAM haiM aura uttarapurANa meM 42 / 20000 zloka pramANa kA yaha graMpa vAstava meM manohara hai| prAdipurANa kA prAraMbha rUr3hi ke anusAra hI vinamra prAtmanivedana, AzrayadAtA ( mahAmAtya bharata ) kI prazaMsA, khala-nindA, sajjana- prazaMsA, ranoddezyavana tathA zrI RSabhadeva ke avatAra grahaNa kI bhUmikA prastuti se hotA hai / RSabhadeva ke janma ke varNana uparAnta unakI bAlalIlA kA varNana kavi ne atyanta manoyoga se kiyA hai / yathA "sesavalIliyA kolamasIliyA / pahaNAdAviyA keraNa NA bhAviyA || dhUlI dhUsaru arresDillu / sahAyaka vilakainlu jaDillu ||" ityAdi tadanantara bhagavAna ke vivAha, santAnotpatti vairAgya evaM mahAnirvANa kA varNana kara prAdipurANa samApta hotA hai / nissandeha bhAdipurANa kI kathAvastu mahAkAvyocita prabandha kauzala se nibaddha hai / uttarapurANa meM 23 kathAe~ haiM aura unameM ekatAnatA kA spaSTa prabhAva hai para caritroM ke prasaMga meM yuddhoM evaM dezavideza ke varNana ke sAtha hI jJAnavijJAna, darzana rAjanIti prAdi kI gaMbhIra bAtoM ko rakhakara 'mahAbhArata' ke anukaraNa para hI graMtha ko faraste banAne kI ceSTA mahAkavi ne kI hai / vyAsa ne apane kAvya ke lie kahA thA / "jo yahAM hai vahI anyatra hai, jo yahA~ nahIM hai, vaha kahIM nahIM hai / " para abhimAnameru ne usase bhI bar3I ghoSaNA kI hai" isa racanA meM prakRta ke lakSaNa, samasta nIti, chanda, alaMkAra, rasa, tatvArtha- nirNaya sabhI kucha bhA gayA hai aura jo yahAM hai vaha anyatra kahIM nahIM hai. dhanya haiM ye puSpadaMta aura bharata jinheM aisI siddhi prApta huI / " uttarapurANa meM rAmacaritra aura mahAbhArata bhI hai / puSpadanta ne vAlmIki aura vyAsa kI bhartsanA kI hai aura lagatA hai ki mahAkavi jo svayaM zaiva rahe the aura zivamahimnastotra ke racayitA thebrAhmaNa virodhI bhAvanA se yukta the / rAmakathA kI apekSA kRSNakathA meM mahAkavi ne adhika ruci lI hai aura naTakhaTa kRSNa va pragalbha gopiyoM kI lIlA unhoMne premapUrvaka citrita kI hai| kabhI mathAnI tor3ate aura kabhI prAdhA viloyA dadhi lur3hakAte kRSNa se TUTI mathAnI kA mola prAliMgana mAMgato gopiyAM bAjI mAra le gaI haiM- 'ela mahArI maMeft bhaggI, e yahi mollu deu prAliMga, kAle kRSNa ke prAliMgana se golI colI ke kAlI hone para 'mUTa jalena jAMi pakkhAlas, kahakara navInatA pradarzita kI gaI hai| para kRSNa kI kAliyadamana aura govarddhana dhAraNa sahA pauruSapradhAna lIlAoM meM unakI lekhanI adhika sazakta ho uThI hai / govarddhana dhAraNa se pUrva ghanaghora varSA kA nAdAnuraMjita citra dekhie * 'jalu galai bhAlabhalada / daribharai sarasarai / asues afsues | giriphuDara, sihigaDai | notes reges | jalu thalu vi goDala vi|" ityAdi gAyakumAracari 'lAyakumAra cariu' puSpadaMta kA 6 sandhiyoM kA manohara khaNDakAvya hai| 'zruta paJcamI vrata' kI mahimA batAne ke uddezza se racita yaha kAvya yadyapi pAtAlapurI bhAdi sAmpradAyika va pralaukika sthAnoM va ghaTanAoM ke bAhulya se yukta hai para kahIM kahIM yathArtha citraNa kI jhalaka bhI mila jAtI hai / jaise vezyAhATa ke vana meM / yahA~ kavi kI bhASA kA pravAha dekhie--- "kavi vesa graha raggu sayapyaI / jhijjara khijjai tappas kaMpai /

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bAbU boTehAla jena smRti pranya kAvibesa rasa salileM siMdhiya kupa dohara bhuya juyala bayaNa sasi jiya kamala uppala / vevai valai dhulai romaMciya / paDama. dalAruNa karavalagu, tabiya kaNaya. goraMgu / isa kAvya meM kavi kA vastRvarNanakauzala evaM prava parisa bau paha huyau samahiya vijiya maNagu / prabandhapaTuvA darzanIya hai| jasaharacariu prakRtivaNana paramparAnusAra hote hue bhI bhASA 'jasahara cariu' puSpadanta racita cAra saMdhiyoM meM saundarya pravakSya hai-'tAraya-vasaNa kalayalaMta kA eka laghu khaNDakAvya hai jisameM yazovara rAjA kA varu sihara pasthiya / caritra vaNita hai| isameM kApAlika mata ke Upara parisaMdira kusuma-mahu-vidu misiNae paI bahujainadharma kI vijaya janmajanmAntaroM kI atyanta kkhiy|" jaTila kathA ke prAzraya se kahI gaI hai| rAjAnoM ke parthAt prabhAtakAla meM tArakarUpI vastra khisaka gae, chala-kapaTa, parastrI aura puraSa meM anurakti, satyA, varUzikharoM para pakSo kalarava karane lage aura vizAla pravaMcanA, corI Adi ke bolate citra bar3e kie gae netroM jaise kamaloM se madhubiMdu Tapakane lge| haiM / udAharaNArtha kApAlika bhairavAnaMda.kA.bakhana rAgarajita varNana meM bhASA bhI raMgIna ho dekhie-"vava vAlI TopI sira para de rakhI uThatI haihai jisase donoM karaNa laeNka gae haiM: hAya meM 32 baMgula - "vajjata gajjata bahu-bheya tUraM . kA daNDa hai gale meM vicitra ponapaTA hai| galI galI labhijjataM dijjata kappUra pUra caMga khaDakAte aura siMgA bajAte bhairavAnava dambhapUrvaka paNa ccaMta gaccaMta vesA samUha ghUmatA hai|" dasijjata hiDData vAkyaraNatUhaM / " ityAdi haribhadrasUri haribhadrasUri kA kAla abhI niNIta nahIM hai- 'prabandharSitAmaNi' aura 'kumArapAlapratibodha' mani jinavijaya ke anusAra inakA samaya saMvata vikrama kI gyArahavIM zatI meM merutagata 757 praura 827 ke madhya rahA hogA aura rAhala 'prabandhacitAmaNi' aura somaprabhakRta "kumArapAlasAMkRtyAyana ke anusAra saMvat 1216 ke maaspaas| pratiboSa' donoM hI zithila prabandhakAdhya haiN| donoM unake do khaNDakAvya 'miNAha parita' aura meM kathAghoM kA vistRta saMcaya hai aura sAhityika 'jasahara cariu' sundara racanAeM haiN| saundarya kama hai| nIti vAkyoM meM donoM graMtha sampanna 'jasaharacariu' aura 'NemiNAhacarita' haiM / prabandhacitAmaNi kA adhika mUlya usameM nihita ra aitihAsika vRttoM ke kAraNa hai| ___ 'jasahara cariu' sundara hote hue bhI nAvInya se patA rahita hai aura puSpadanta kI kRti usase adhika par3hatA sudaMsaNa cariu se nibaddha hai para 'raNamiragAha cariu' meM tIrthakara - vikrama ko bArahavI zatI me raNayaraNa di muni neminAthajI ke caritra kA varNana kara kavi ne dhavala na kI kRti sUdaMsaraNa cariu mahattvapUrNa hai / bAraha yaza ajita kiyA hai| sAta sandhiyoM aura 803 saMdhiyoM meM racita isa sudarzana caritra meM pacanamaeloka pramANa ke isa khaNDakAvya kI bhASA prati skAra-pratidina prahanta, siddha, prAcArya, upAdhyAya alaMkRta aura samAsabahalA hai| sA PanoTI aura sarvasAdhu ko-kA mahatva pradarzita hai| prema sampanna isa kRti meM puruSasaundarya kA eka citra kathA ko lekara likhe gae isa maMca meM zugAra rasa dekhie kI pradhAnatA hote hue bhI kAmya kA paryavasAna zAMta nIla kutala kamala napaNillu bibAharu sipdse| rasa meM hI huA hai| isameM nAyikAbheda, nakhazikhakabuggIvupura arari urayalu / varNana, prAdi ke sAtha hI prakRti ke bho suramya citra

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hindI ke AdikAla ke jaina prabandha kAvya milate haiN| dhamayA' kI unmukta praNaya yAcanA aura saMsAra kI samasta sundara vastuoM ke sAra se vinimita sudarzana dvArA zIla kI rakSArtha usakI prasvIkRti meM bhAvoM kA anta mA citrita kiyA gayA hai| dharma ke kroDa meM poSita premakAvya ke rUpa meM 'sudaMsaNa carita' kA jainaprabaMdhakAvyoM meM anupama mahatva hai| jambUsvAmI rAsA terahavIM zatAbdI meM dharmasUri dvArA racita 'jambUsvAmI rAsA' kathAvastu zaithilya evaM saMvAdoM ke prabhAva ke kAraNa sAhityika saundarya se bahuta kucha hIna hai para phira bhI bhagavAn mahAvIra ke sama kAlIna jambUsvAmI ke caritakAvya ke rUpa meM usakA apanA mahatva hai / para usame bhI bar3hakara hai usakA bhASAvaijJAnika mahatva kyoMki gujarAtI aura hindI ke mUla sambandha ko vyakta karane vAlA yaha bhI eka graMtha hai jo donoM bhASAoM meM samAna mahatvapUrNa hai| bAhubalisa zAlibhadrasUrikRta 'bAhuvanirAsa' laNDakAvya bhI terahavIM zatAbdI kI mahatvapUrNa racanA hai| isa zaurya se paripUrNa kAvya meM RSabhadeva ke putra bAhubali ko vijayavAhinI kA itanA brojasvI varNana hai jo janasAhitya meM dhanyatra durlabha hai| baMcala gharoM kI caMcala gati kA varNana dekhie--- 1 'hosaI hasimisi hagaharAI, taravara tAra toyAra / khaMDa burala seDaviya, mana mAna asavAra / / " 'neminAtha upaI' 'mallinAtha kAvya' aura 'pArzvanAtha carita' terahavIM zatAbdI ke sabase mahatvapUrNa janakaviyoM meM vinayacandra sUri kI gaNanA hotI hai| unake 3 prabandhakAvya haiM - 'neminAtha caupai,' 'mallinAthakAvya' aura 'pArzvanAtha carita' bhantima do / ausatori kI apekSA 'neminAtha caupada' ko sAhityika jagata meM adhika mahatvapUrNa sthAna milA hai| isake do kAraNa haiM- prathama to yaha ki yaha CE sampUrNa kAvya caupAiyoM meM likhA gayA hai jo saubhAgya sarvaprathama isI graMtha ko prApta huA hai aura dvitIya yaha ki 'bArahamAsA' sarvaprathama yahI milatA hai| neminAtha ke vairAgya prahaNa karane para unakI patnI rAjala devI kA vilApa zrAvaNa se prAsAda taka 'bArahamAsA' ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai / dhAvaNa meM 'biDa bhakkada', bhAdra meM 'bhariyA sara pillevi sakavaNa roja rAjana devi', 'kArtika meM khittiga ummaI saMjha, phAlguNa meM 'vAli panapaMDati rAjala dukkha ki taka royati', kSetra meM 'bali vakhi koyala TahakA karai' prAdi meM kavi ne nArI hRdaya kI vyathA kA mArmika varNana kara isa khaNDakAvya ke sauSThava ko bahuguNita kara diyA hai| 'saMghapatisamarA rAsA' dhambadeva kRta 'saMghapatisamarArAsA' khaNDakAvya saMvat 1300 kI racanA mAnI jAtI hai| zAha samarA saMghapati dvArA zatruJjaya tIrtha kA uddhAra hone para kavi ne yaha graMtha likhA thaa| inakI bhASA saralatA se bhAja ke hindI pAThaka kI samajha meM Ane yogya hai| eka udAharaNa dekhie--- vAjiya saMkha asaMkha nAdi kAna duiduDiyA ghor3e car3ara sallArasAra rAuta sIMgar3iyA / tara devAlau jotri vegi vegi ghAghari khu jhamakai / samasima navi garAi koI nava vAriu pakkada // 'revantagirirAsA' aura saptakSetri rAsa terahavIM zatI meM racita vijayamUri kRta 'revanta girirAsA' dhaura caudahavIM zatI meM racita 'saptakSetrirAsa, ( kavi prajJAta) kA sAhityika mUlya kama aura dhArmika adhika hai| vistRta adhyayana kI AvazyakatA isa prakAra hindI ke prAdikAla ke katipaya jaina prabandhakAvyoM kA eka saMkSipta avalokana yahA~ prastuta kiyA gayA hai| inakI vidhAoM, zailiyoM, kAvya rUr3hiyoM Adi kI pUrvaparamparA evaM paravartI kAvya para prabhAva vistRta adhyayana ke viSaya hai| ..

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jIvana kI bahuta sI bar3I bAtoM ko hama taba pahicAna pAte haiM / jaba unheM kho dete haiN| X X X X burA to acche kA duzmana nahIM huvA krtaa| acche kA duzmana to vaha hai jo usase aura bhI acchA hai| vaha "aura bhI acchA" jisa / dina acche ke samakSa upasthita hokara prazna kA uttara cAhatA hai usa * dina usI ke hAtha meM rAjadaNDa soMpakara isa 'acche' ko alaga ho jAnA par3atA hai| X X X saMsAra meM jitane pApa haiM una sabase bar3A pApa deza droha hai| X X X X isa saMsAra meM bhalAI karane kA bhAra jisane bhI apane Upara // liyA hai usake zatruoM kI saMkhyA sadA hI bar3hatI rahI hai| kintu isa bhaya se jo loga pIche haTa jAte haiM, agara unhIM meM tuma bhI jAkara mila jAoge to kaise kAma calegA ?" -bAbUjI kI DAyarI se

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jaina saMskRti meM nArI ke vividha rUpa premamumana jaina jana saMskRti yama-niyama praura saMyama kI saMskRti kanyA kI sthiti "hai| usake svabhAvataH do pakSa hamAre sAmane putriyAM samAja ke lie bojha nahIM hotI thIM upasthita hote haiN| prathama dArzanikapakSa jisake sahAre bhaura na mAM-bApa ke liye abhizApa hii| pitA jaina saMskRti apanI mAtmA naivartaka pravRtti ko sura- sAkSAt kalA rUpa putrI ko dekha kara Anandita kSita rakha sakI hai aura dUsarA pakSa vyAvahArika hai, hotA thaa|' kanyAgoM ke janma para bhI utsava jisake dvArA vaha anya bhAratIya saMskRtiyoM ke sAtha manAye jAte the| mAtA ke gabhiraNI hone para jaise kadama milAkara cala sakane meM samartha huI hai| hindU saMskAroM meM pusavana saMskAra karane kA nirdeza hai, jisameM mAtra putra utpanna hone kI kAmanA kI jaina saMskRti ne apane ina donoM pakSoM kI raSTi se jAtI hai| aisA koI saMskAra jaina sAhitya meM dikhAI bhAratIya nArI kI vyAkhyA kI hai| darzanapakSa ne jahAM nahIM par3atA / prataH jaina saMskRti putra mora putrI ko nArI ko mokSamArga meM bAdhaka tathA eka parigraha ke rUpa samAna dRSTi se dekhatI hai| meM dekhA hai, vahAM maMskRti ke vyAvahArika pakSa ne nArI ko itane Upara jA baiThAyA hai, jahAM anya bhAratIya kanyAoM kA lAlana-pAlana DhaMga se karane ke bAda saMskRtiyoM meM svIkRta nArI nahIM pahuMca paatii| jaina unheM ucita zikSA denA, causaTha kalAmoM meM pAraMgata saMskRti meM hameM nArI ke donoM rUpoM kA sammizraNa karAnA gRhastha kA kartavya thA / yahI kAraNa hai ki prApta hotA hai| jaina saMskRti meM nArI ko heya dekhane kanyAyeM itanI hoziyAra maura viduSI ho jAtI thIM kI bhAvanA anya saMskRtiyoM kA tAtkAlika prabhAva ki ve aisI aneka samasyAyeM jo unake pitA nahIM hai to nArI ko tapasyA ke ucca zikhara para pArUr3ha salajhA pAte the.caTakI mArate salajhA detI thiiN| 3 kara pUjanA jaina saMskRti ke hRdaya ko pukaar| bhagavAna RSabhadeva ne apanI donoM putriyoM brAhmI nArI ke vividha rUpoM kA jaina saMskRti meM aura sundarI ko aisI zikSA kA prabandha kiyA thA citraNa hamA hai| usake janma se lekara matyu taka ki ve donoM aMka vidyA aura akSarazAstra kI madhikI kahAnI vahAM vibhinna raMgoM meM citrita hai| ucita SThAtrI thii|" yahI hogA, nArI ke samasta pahalunoM para vikAsa-krama kanyAyeM usa samaya mAtA-pitA ko kRpA para kI dRSTi se vicAra kiyA jAya / nirbhara nahIM rahatI thIM / unakA paitrika sampatti meM -- - 1. bhAdipurANa parva 6 zloka 83. 2. pumAn pramUyate yena karmaNA tat puMsavanamIritam / -hindU saMskAra pRSTha 73 3. prAvazyaka cUNi 6. pRSTha 522 4. prAvipurANa parva 16, zloka 103-104

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti pranya bhI pUrNa hissA rahatA thaa| kintu phira bhI vaha kanyAyeM hai jinhoMne prAjanma brahmacarya pAlana kara apanI nAnA kalAmoM dvArA dhanopArjana kara parivAra dharma sAdhA thaa| ko Arthika lAbha karAtI thiiN| bhAjapaMsA unheM jainAgamoM meM bariNata svayambaroM ke dRzya isa parivAra ke prAzrita hokara nahIM rahanA par3atA thaa| mAtA pA ra sanane meM jaina kathAnoM kI kanyAyeM to rAja darabAra taka meM svatantra thii| vaivAhika kriyAye kisa prakAra sampanna apanA sthAna banA cukI thiiN| hotI thI yaha praura bAta hai| nAbhirAya isake prathama parivAra meM kanyA ke utpanna hone kA artha thA sampannakartA the| usa samaya ke vivAha kama umra meM usa gRhastha ke trivargoM kI siddhi / apanI suyogya kanyA nahIM hote the| jaina zAstroM ke anusAra jisakA kA ucita samaya para satpAtra ke sAtha vivAha kara bAla bhAva samApta ho gayA ho jisake zArIrika dene se gRhastha ko dharma, artha aura kAma ina tInoM nau aMga jAgRta ho gaye hoM tathA jo bhoga karane meM ko sAdhane kA phala milatA hai| kyoMki jisa ghara samartha ho aise vyakti vivAha ke yogya samajhe jAte meM kanyA jAtI hai, vahAM kI gRhasthI pUrNa ho jAtI haiN| isa mAnyatA ke anusAra bAla-vivAha ko hai / dharma, santAna aura kula kI unnati ke lie jaina saMskRti svIkAra nahIM krtii| ataH usa kanyA ko vivAha kara lAnA pratyeka gRhastha kA samaya kI nAriyAM cira vaidhavya jaise dAruNa dukha se kartavya hai| ataH kanyA samAja va parivAra ke liye dUra thiiN| jaina saMskRti meM usa dhurI ke rUpa meM svIkRta kI vaivAhika kriyAnoM se sambandhita kucha prasaMga aise gaI hai, jisa para sampUrNa gRhasthAzrama cUmatA hai| bhI milate haiM jinameM bahina ko apane sage bhAI se vivAha karanA par3atA thaa| yaha usa vaivAhika paramparA yadyapi jana saMskRti nivRtti kA mArga prazasta samaya kI sthiti hai jaba loga apanI kanyAe karatI hai, kintu phira bhI usameM sAMsArika vyavasthA ajJAta kuloM meM bhejanA pasanda nahIM karate the| sambandhI sAmagrI bhI kama nahIM miltii| gRhastha RSabha deva ne apanI bahina se zAdI kA prastAva jIvana kA prArambha vivAha ke bAda hotA hai| vivAha rakhA thaa| puSpaphetu ne apane putra aura patrI kA do viSama ligiyoM ke pArasparika usa mahatvapUrNa paraspara meM svayaM vivAha kiyA thaa| yaha prathA samajhaute kA nAma hai jisameM donoM eka dUsare ke bAda meM bauddhika vikAsa ke sAtha-sAtha lapta hokara baMdha jAte haiN| kanyA vivAha ke liye pUrNa ho gii| svatantra thii| use pitA tathA anya vyaktiyoM kI kabhI kabhI kanyAnoM ko vivAha ke bAda bhI ruci ke anusAra bAdhya nahIM honA par3atA thaa| yadi ghara para rahanA par3atA thaa| mAtA-pitA ko sthiti ve cAhatI thIM to unheM sampUrNa jIvana kvArA binA yadi acchI nahIM hotI thI athavA vara kI Arthika dene ke liye samAja kI pora se svIkRti thii| sthiti kamajora hotI thI to lar3akI mA~-bApa ko brAhmI, sundarI, candanA, jayantI prAdi ve pramukha chor3akara nahIM jAtI thii| apane pati ko para 1. prAdipurANa parva 7 2. pAvazyaka cUNi 2, pRSTha 57-60 3. sAgara dharmAmRta 2 a. zloka 56-60 4. umukka bAlabhAve, gavaMgasutta-paDivohie, pralaM bhoga samasthe / jJAtAdharmakathA mAdi 5. pAvazyaka cUNi 2, pRSTha 178

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jaina saMskRti meM nArI ke vividha rUpa jamAI banAkara rakhatI thI / " kucha aise vivAhoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai jinameM paraspara bahina badala kara loga vivAha kara lete the| devadatta ne apanI bahina kI zAdI ghanadasa se kI thI aura usakI bahina ko apanI patni banAyA thaa| isase yahI pratIta hotA hai, kanyAyeM parivAra kI bhalAI ke lie vivAha jaise mahatvapUrNa kAryoM meM bhI virodha nahIM karatI thIM / eka prora kanyAyeM jahA~ vivAha ke lie svataMtra thI vahA~ dUsarI prora unakA mapaharaNa bhI kama nahIM hotA thaa| vivAha kA eka yaha bhI prakAra thA / vAsavadattA udayana ke dvArA, suvarNa gulikA dAsI rAjA pradyota ke dvArA, rukmariNa kRSNa ke dvArA aura calanA rAjA zreNika ke dvArA apahRta kI gaI thIM / kintu ina kanyAoMoM ne, prapaharaNa dvArA lAdI jAne para bhI apane patiyoM kA jitanA sudhAra kiyA thA zAyada hI koI vyAhakara lAyI huI patnI karatI / vaivAhika paramparA ke avalokana se yahI pratIta hotA hai ki nArI ko aneka kaThinAIyoM se gujaranA zravazya par3A kintu usako pratiSThA meM koI kamI nahIM AI / yahA~ hameM nArI kI durbalatA kahIM dekhane ko nahIM milatI, bhale use paravazatA sahana karanI par3I ho / bauddhika nAriyAM jaina saMskRti ke nirmANa meM jitanA yogadAna puruSoM kA hai utanA nahIM, to bhI nAriyoM kA sahayoga kama nahIM hai| bhrAja nAriyAM puruSoM ke sAtha kaMdhA milAkara calane kI bAta karatI haiM, usa samaya ve calatI thiiN| unhoMne apane jIvana kI prAhuti mAtra pati kI sevA karane meM hI nahIM dedI balki samaya 1. nAyAdhammakA 16, pRSTha 166 2. pidhAnayukti pRSTha 324. 3. nAyAthamma kahA 16 pRSTha 186. 4. nAyAmma kahA 2, pRSTha 220-230 63 samaya para viduSI, dharmaparAyaNa, vIrAGganA zrIra kartavyaniSTha hokara yaha bhI sAbita kara diyA hai ki nArI caraNa dAbane ke pratirikta aura bhI bahuta kucha jAnatI hai; kara sakatI hai / 1 viduSI - vidvatA ke kSetra meM hama brAhmI, sundarI candanabAlA, jayantI zrAdi kA nAma gavaM pUrvaka le sakate haiM jinhoMne apanI vidvattA ke dvArA bhAratIya nArI kA mastaka U~cA uThAyA hai / candanabAlA vaha prathama bAlA hai jo prAjIvana brahmacarya kA pAlana kara kaI varSoM taka bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nArIsaMgha kI adhiSThAtrI rahI, jisameM karIba chattIsa hajAra dhAryikAeM thiiN| jaina kathA granthoM meM bhI aneka kuzala upadezikAoM aura adhyApikAoM kA ullekha milatA hai / soma zarmA kI putrI tulasA aura bhadrA vidvattA meM jagata prasiddha thiiN| aneka nAriyAM viduSI hone ke sAtha sAtha lekhikA aura kaviyitrI bhI huI haiN| lekhikAoM meM guNasamRddhi, padmazrI, hemazrI, siddhazrI, vinayacUla, hermAsaddhi, jayamAlA Adi pramukha nAriyAM haiM jinakI racanAe~ zvetAmbara sAhitya meM surakSita haiN| rAmati bhAryikA kA 'jasaha cariu' aura rAmamatI kA 'samakitasAra' me donoM grantha ina lekhikAmoM kI vidvatA pragaTa karate haiM / " kucha aisI mahilAmoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai jinhoMne svayaM to grantha nahIM likhe kintu praneka granthoM kI pratilipiyAM likha-likhA kara sAdhuoM mora vidvAnoM ko bheMTa kI thiiN| yaha kArya 14-15 vIM zatAbdI meM adhika huA hai| anulakSmI, prasuladhI, pravantI, sundarI, mAdhavI zrAdi jana sAhitya kI pramukha kaviyitriyAM haiM, jinhoMne prAkRta saMskRta bhAdi bhASAoM meM apanI lekhanI calAyI hai|" 5. harivaMza purANa pRSTha 326 6. paM. candAbAI abhinandana grantha pRSTha 481 7. vahI pRSTha 483 8. premI prabhinandana grantha pRSTha 670

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B a bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti graMtha dharmaparAyaNA: - dharma-karma dhaura vratAnuSThAna meM nArI kabhI pIche nahI rahI hai| aneka zilA lekhoM meM jaina nAriyoM dvArA banavAye jAne vAle dhaneka vizAla gagana cumbI mandiroM ke nirmANa dhIra unakI pUjAdi ke lie diye gaye dAna kA ullekha milatA hai / I. pU. chaThavIM zatAbdI meM beTaka kI rAnI bhadrA, zatAnI kI patnI mRgAvatI, udayana kI bhAryA vAsavadattA, dazaratha kI jAyA suprabhA, prasenajita ko vallabhA, mallikA tathA dArdhavAhana kI zrImatI prabhayA ne jaina maMdiroM kA nirmANa karAyA thA / " yaha paramparA 14-15 vIM zatAbdI taka dekhane ko milatI hai| isa taraha hameM aneka jainadharma kI sevA karane vAlI dhArmika mahilAbhoM kA ullekha milatA hai| kalA vizArada :- prAcIna nArI kI bauddhika kSamatA hameM hara kSetra meM dekhane ko milatI hai| jaina nAriyoM kA mUrtikalA se bhI bahuta sambandha rahA hai / mathurA kI jainamUrtikalA, jo bhAratIya mUrtikalA kI jananI hai, meM nArI kA prapUrva yogadAna haiM / vartamAna meM prApta avazeSoM meM kama se kama pacAsa aisI nAriyoM ke ullekha milate haiM jinhoMne apanI ruci ke anusAra maMdira, mUrti, guphA, caraNavedikA zrAdi banavAyI thIM / bhAbU kI maMdira kI jagata prasiddha vAstukalA seThAnI anupamA kI kalApriyatA kI nizAnI hai / ye samasta kalAkRtiyAM hamArI bahumUlya thAtI haiN| jaba taka ye raheMgI una udAracetA evaM kalA-premI nAriyoM kI madhura smRti jAgRta kiye raheMgI / 2 vIrAMganA : - prAcIna jaina nArI eka cora jahA~ sevA kI mUrti aura dharmaparAyaNA thIM vahAM nirbhaya aura vIrAGganA bhI / purANoM meM aise kitane hI udAharaNa milate haiM jinameM strI ne pati kI sevA karate hue usake kAryoM meM, rAjya ke saMrakSaNa meM 1. zravaNabelagolA ke zilAlekha naM. 491, prAdi 2. paM. candAbAI abhinandana grantha pRSTha 462 tathA yuddha ke kSetra meM bhI lar3akara pati ko sahayoga diyA hai| gaMga nareza ke vIrayoddhA 'vaddega' ( vidyAdhara) kI patni 'sAviyave' ne pati ke sAtha yuddha meM lar3ate hue vIragati prApta kI thii| vaha sItA, revatI prAdi jaisI jinendrabhaktina tathA dharmaparAyaNa bhI thI / 3 'jAkkiyavve' dUsarI sAhasI dhaura vIra nArI hai jisane pati ke bAda rAja kAja samhAla kara rAjyazAsana zrIra jaina zAsana donoM kI rakSA kI thii| isa avalokana se jJAta hotA hai ki jaina nArI ne hamezA apanA prAdarza jIvana faarne kI kofree kI hai| puruSoM kI bhAMti vaha bhI cahAra dIvArI se bAhara nikala kara dhAramasAdhana aura dharmasAdhana meM rata huI hai / usakI prapanI svatantra sattA kAyama thii| vaha rAdhA Adi nAriyoM kI taraha puruSoM kI anugAminI mAtra banakara nahIM raha gaI / isIlie jaina nAriyoM kA jIvana puruSoM ko bhI preraNA kA srota banA huA hai| bhAja kI nArI yadi usase kucha na sIkhe to yaha usakA durbhAgya hai / sAmAjika kurItiyAM aura nArI bhAratIya saMskRti kA itihAsa batalAtA ki koI bhI samAja kitanA hI acchA kyoM na rahA ho, kucha na kucha kurItiyAM usameM avazya praviSTa ho jAtI haiN| jaina saMskRti kI nArI ko bhI isa pravarathA se gujaranA par3A hai| kintu usake ye kucha doSa guraNoM kI bAhulyatA ke kAraNa chipa jAte haiM / satI prathA - jainAgamoM meM satI prathA kA koI vizeSa ullekha nahIM miltaa| isakA eka kAraNa yaha ho sakatA hai ki jaina nArI prabuddha aura nirbhara thI / use yaha Dara nahIM thA ki pati ke bAda usake zIla para koI grAMca grA sakatI hai| dhaura na vaha isa andha vizvAsa kI zikAra thI ki pati ke sAtha jala jAne se hI usake prati saccI bhakti pradarzita 3. candragiri parvata kA zilAlekha naM. 61 (139) 4. zravaNabelagolA zilAlekha naM. 486

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jaina saMskRti meM nArI ke vividha rUpa kI jA sakatI hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki jaina nArI saMskRti meM patibhakti ke kucha udAharaNa aise maujUda ke samakSa prAyikA bana dharma dhyAna meM zeSa jIvana haiM, jo bejor3a hai| bitA dene kA mArga prazasta thaa| ataH use pati ke vidhavAvivAha kI prathA na hone para bhI yadi sAtha apanA jIvana homa kara dene kI koI prAvazya- koI vidhavA nArI niHsantAna hotI thI, usake ghara pratIta nahIM huii| kevala mahAnizItha anya meM kA kAryabhAra samhAlane vAlA koI nahIM hotA thA eka rAjakamArI kA ullekha milatA hai jo satI hone to vaha apane nikaTa-sambandhiyoM meM se kisI ke liye saMkalpabaddha thI. kinta parivAra ke logoM ke sAtha sahavAsa kara patra kI prApti kara sakatI dvArA use bacA liyA gayA thaa|' thii| kintu yaha niyama sarvamAnya nahIM thaa| jainakathA anyoM meM eka ullekha aisA milatA hai jisameM vidhavA-vivAha-satI prathA ko rokane meM eka sAsa ne apanI cAra vidhavA bahuproM kA kisI vidhavA vivAha kAphI sahAyaka hote haiN| jina majJAta vyakti ko unakA devara batalAkara usase jAtiyoM meM vidhavAnoM ke vivAha hote haiM unameM sahavAsa karAyA thaa| aura vaha vyakti bAraha varSa nAriyAM pati ke sAtha kama hI bhasma hotI haiM / yA taka usa ghara meM rhaa| tadanantara cAroM striyoM se yoM kahanA cAhiye, jisa samAja meM vaidhamya ke eka eka putra utpanna hone ke bAda calA gyaa| dAruNa dukha ko sukha meM badalane vAlI saMsthAeM haiM isa kathAnaka ko sArvabhauma niyama ke rUpa meM nahIM vahAM bhI satI prathA nahIM panapa paatii| jaina nArI ke mAnA jA sktaa| lie punaH vivAha nahIM khulA thaa| use apanA sArA bahupatnitva prathA : bhAratIya saMskRti ke vaidhavya pati kI smRti meM hI bitAnA par3atA thA / pratyeka yuga kI nArI ne puruSoM kI isa jyAdatI ko unake lie phira saMsAra meM koI sukha nahIM raha jAtA sahA hai| jana nArI kaise chUTa jAtI ? usa samaya thA sivA isake ki ve apanA jIvana adhyAtma kI bahu palitva pratiSThA kA sUcaka thA / mahArAjA mora lgaayeN| ataH vidhavA vivAha jaina saMskRti meN| bharata rAjA zreNika bhAdi isake udAharaNa haiN|" na ke barAbara hai| aneka jagaha isa prathA kA virodha bar3e pAdamI kI pahicAna usake avarodhana meM dina prati kiyA gayA hai| dina vRddhi ke dvArA hotI thii| kucha nAriyAM puruSa jana vidhavA nAriyAM apanA samasta jIvana apane vilAsI jIvana ke lie ekatra karate the| kucha tapazcaraNa aura dharmadhyAna meM vyatIta karatI thiiN| unheM upahAra svarUpa prApta hotI thii| dhyAna rahe, ye dhanazrI aura lakSaNavatI aisI vidhavAe~ thI jinhoMne saba nAriyAM nimna koTi ko hI hotI thIM / dAsajinadIkSA lekara sacce hRdaya se samAja sevA kI dAsiyoM kI khule mAma vikI ne bhI bahupalitva ko thii| isa prasaMga meM rAjula kI pati bhakti ko nahIM bar3hAvA diyA thaa| kyoMki visastrI ceTakA ke rUpa mulAyA jA sktaa| usake sAmane to pahAr3a sI meM upabhoga meM lI jAtI thii| jindagI thI aura usakA vidhi se vivAha bhI nahIM puruSoM ke adhikAra usa samaya bar3e car3he the| ho pAyA thA phira bhI usane apane mana-maMdira ke boTI se choTI bAta para bhI ve patnI ko ghara se devatA ke patha kA hI anusaraNa kiyaa| prataH jaina nikAla dete the| subhadrA nAma kI eka strI kisI 1. mahAnisIya pRSTha 42 5. uttarAdhyayana 18, pRSTha 239 2. mahAnisIya pRSTha 24 6. vasumati caritra 3. dharma parIkSA zloka 11-12-13, 7. badhUpittastripo0-prAcArya somadeva 4. pAvazyakariNa 8. mAdipurANa parva 47

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti pratha 5 eta vyakti ko byAhI thI / eka dina pati ko anupasthiti meM eka jaina sAdhU subhadrA ke ghara dhAyA / usane vidhapUrvaka unheM dhAhAra diyaa| tabhI sAdhu kI yAM meM kirakirI par3a gii| unheM dukha meM dekha subhadrA ne vaha kirakirI apanI jIbha ke agrabhAga se nikAla dI, jisase sAdhU kI prAMkha meM por3A na ho / aisA karate samaya subhadrA kA mastaka sAdhU ke mastaka se chU gayA aura usake mAthe kI biMdiyA kA raMga sAdhU ke mAthe para laga gyaa| tabhI subhadrA kA kA pati bhA gayA / usane kucha aura hI samajhA / tathA subhadrA ko lAMchana lagA kara ghara se bAhara nikAla diyA / " prathA :-- pardA - jaina mArI parde kI dIvAra meM ghira kara kabhI nahI rahI / yaha usakI apanI maulika vizeSatA hai / jaina-sampradAya meM hamezA se samaya-samaya para dhArmika utsava hote zrAye haiM / jaina gRhastha pUre parivAra ke sAtha ina utsavoM meM sammi lita hote haiN| nara-nAriyoM kI sAmudAyika upasthiti pratyeka dhArmika sabhAoM meM eka sI hotI hai| jaina kathAoMoM ke prAdhAra para kahA jA sakatA ki jana-nAriyAM beroka-Toka janasamudAya meM jAtI thiiN| apane riztedAroM aura sakhI-saheliyoM ke yahA~ jAne kI bhI unheM chUTa thii| rAjA apane pUre avarodhana ke sAtha jaina muniyoM ke darzanArtha jAyA karate the| rAniyA~, seTAniyA~ va kanyAe~ sabake sAmane sAdhuyoM se prazna pUchatI aura vratAdi grahaNa karatI thIM / 2 gRhastha aurateM patiyoM ke sAtha athavA akele hI vana-bihAra ko jAyA karatI thiiN| ataH jaina nAriyAM parde kI prathA se prAyaH mukta thiiN| gaNikAe~: gaNikA athavA vezyA zabda se bhAja jo artha sAdhAraNatayA lagAyA jAtA hai tathA unheM jisa hIna 1. nAyAdhamma kahA 2, pRSTha 220-230 2. vyavahAra bhASya Adi 3. AdipurANa parva 4 zloka 86 4. prAdipurANa parva 17 zloka 86 prora upekSA kI bhAvanA se dekhA jAtA hai. vaha jaina saMskRti ke svarUpa meM kahIM dekhane ko nahIM miltaa| gariekAoM kI sthiti usa samaya meM acchI thii| ve samAja kA eka prAvazyaka aMga thiiN| gaNikAmoM ko mAlika mAnA gayA hai| bhagavAna RSabha deva kI dIkSA ke samaya dvAra para vAra yoSitAnoM ko maMgala dravya lie hue khar3A kiyA gayA thaa| gaNikA kA tAtparya eka usa gaNa (samUha) se yA jo janasamudAya kA nRtyagAnAdi dvArA manoraMjana karatA thaa| gaNikAmoM ko ratizAstra kI prAcAryAbhoM ke rUpa meM svIkRta kiyA gayA hai / ve viduSI, kalA-sampanna tathA madhura gAyikA hotI thiiN| jaina sAhitya meM campA nAma kI eka gariekA kA bahuta ullekha milatA hai / vaha causaTha kalAcoM meM pravINa aura ananya sundarI thii| eka hajAra svarNa mudrAe~ vaha eka rAta ke letI thii| eka gaNikA citrakalA meM itanI pravINa thI ki usake yahAM sahaja nAgarika kA pahu~canA kaThina thA / kalA pArakhI hI usake yahA~ jA pAte the| kyoMki vaha unakI ruci ke anusAra hI unakA svAgata karatI thii| colA nAma kI gaNikA cAra vedoM dhaura aneka lipiyoM meM usa samaya nArI kitane dhAge bar3hI huI thii| kI jAnakAra thii| isase spaSTa hai, vividha kalApoM 5 ina gaNikAoM kA jaina dharma se bhI bahuta sambandha rahA hai| kyoMki unake yahA~ mAne jAne vAle loga prAyaH seTha sAhUkAra hI hote the, jo praksara jaina hote the| vasanta senA dhaura cArudatta kI kathA jagat prasiddha hai| kucha gaNikAe~ aisI bhI thI jo mAtra kisI eka puruSa ko apanA zarIrArpaNa karatI thiiN| pATaliputra kI eka kozA nAma kI gaNikA mAraha varSa taka sthUlabhadra ke sAtha rhii| aura jaba vaha 4. nAyAthamma kahA yAdi 6. bRhatkalpa bhASya 7. nAyAdhamma kahA 8 pRSTha 108

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jaina saMskRti meM nArI ke vividha rUpa saMsAra se virakta ho muni ho gayA to kozA ne bhI jaba ve akelI bhikSA ke lie jAtIM to unheM jina dIkSA grahaNa kara lii|" ujjanI kI prAma ke manacaloM ke vyaMgabANoM ko sahanA par3atA devadattA ne bhI mUladeva ke sAtha zrAvaka dharma svIkAra thaa| kabhI kabhI aneka kAmI gRhastha apane ghara kI kiyA thaa|2 anya jaina dharmAvalambI gariekAmoM kA striyoM ko upadeza dene ke lie taruNa sundara bhI ullekha milatA hai, jinameM devadattA pramukha thii| sAdhviyoM ko prAmantrita kara unase manamAnI karate isake ghara devasaMgha ke muniyoM ne cAturmAsa kiyA the| kiMtu una tejasvinI tApasiyoM kA teja aura thaa| gaNikAnoM dvArA aneka jaina maMdira banavAne zIla hamezA unakI rakSA karatA thaa| kintu itane kA bhI ullekha milatA hai|4 bar3e saMgha meM kucha sAdhviyoM ke zIlabhaMga bhI ho jAte sAdhvI nAriyA~ the| unake lie koI riyAyata nahIM thii| saMgha kI prAcAryA patA par3ane para unheM saMgha se niSkAsita kara ___ jaina saMskRti ko nArI hamezA cAhe vaha gRhastha detI thiiN| isake atirikta kabhI-kabhI nArI saMgha jIvana meM ho athavA sanyAsa jIvana meM ma ko jaMgala meM rahane ke kAraNa cora DAkUmoM se bhI prAdhyAtmikatA kI ora unmukha rahI hai| hAni uThAnI par3atI thii| usakA jIvana tyAga aura tapasyA kA jIvana thaa| jaina saMskRti ke unnAyakoM ne nArI ko ina kaThinAiyoM ke bAvajUda bhI jaina nArI saMgha nirvANa prApti ke mArga meM prAne se kabhI nahIM prAtma-kalyANa ke mArga se vicalita nahIM hue| Atma-kalyANa ka mAga rokaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne nArI ko apane saMgha meM unhoMne apane dhArmika anuSThAnoM kA pAlana karate dIkSita kara unake prAtma-sAdhana kA mArga khola hue jainAcAryoM ke prAdarza ko kAyama rakhA tathA diyA thaa| inake pUrva ke 23 tIthaMkaroM ne bhI ise apane naitika jIvana ke stara ko hamezA U~ce uThAye kisI na kisI rUpa meM svIkArA hI thaa| prataH rkhaa| jaina saMskRti kI nArI ke prati udAra puruSoM kI bhAMti nAriyoM ko bhI prAtmakalyANa pravRtti kA hA yaha phala thA / ke lie mArga prazasta thaa| vizalyA, candanA, striyoM kI nindA aura prazaMsA rAjamati prAdi ve sAdhviyAM haiM jo tyAga jainasaMskRti va sAhitya meM strInindA ke aura tapasyA kI mUrti thI / unakA caritra prakaraNoM kA pAnA svAbhAvika hai| kyoMki prAyaH atulanIya hai| sabhI jaina sAhitya tyAga aura bairAgya ko uddezya meM aneka nArI saMghoM kA ullekha jaina sAhitya meM rakha kara likhA gayA hai / vaidika saMskRti meM nArI milatA hai| eka saMgha meM karIba chanIsa hajAra kA sthAna bahuta hI nimna mAnA gagA hai / use nAriyoM ke hone taka kA pramANa hai|' nArI saMghoM dAsI se Upara uThane hI nahIM diyA gyaa| isa taraha ko sAdhviyoM ko eka pora jahAM dhyAna ekAgra phara ke vAtAvaraNa meM hI jaina saMskRti kA janma huaa| mAtmA kA ciMtana karanA hotA thA, vahIM dUsarI ora prataH anya saMskRti ke prabhAva se bhI ho sakatA hai bAhma kaThinAIyAM bhI unheM kama nahIM thii| strI viSayaka nindA jaina sAhitya meM praviSTa huI - - 5. padamapurANa pRSTha 425-26. 6. vasumati caritra 1. uttarAdhyayana sUtra 2 pRSTha 26 2. nAyAdhamma kahA pRSTha 60 3. inDiyana enTekarI bhAga 20 pRSTha 346 4. vIra, varSa 4, pRSTha 302

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18 bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti graMtha ho / kintu jaina sAhitya meM striyoM kI nindA aura anya sAhitya kI strI kI nindA meM bahuta pharaka hai / jaina saMskRti meM strI kI nindA hamezA mokSamArga ke sAdhakoM ke prasaMga ke sAtha huI hai / sAdhAraNa gRhastha ne nArI ko kabhI heya nahIM samajhA / isa jaina kaviyoM ne jahAM nArI ke viSaya meM prazaMsA ke pula bAMdhe haiN| vahAM usakI nindA bhI kama nahIM kii| unhoMne strI kA mukha kapha kA bhaNDAra, netra do mala ke gaDhDe stana do mAMsa ke lothar3e tathA nitambAdi khUna aura haDDiyoM kA samUha hai, ' rUpa meM strI ke svarUpa ko bIbhatsa kiyA hai| aise varNanoM se kauna nahIM striyoM se mukti cAhegA / thor3I bahuta prAsakti huI bhI to vaha isase khaNDita ho jAyegI ki striyo rAkSasaniyAM haiM, jinakI chAtI para do mAMsa ke piSTa uge rahate ve hamezA vicAroM ko badalatI rahatI haiM aura manuSya ko lalacAkara gulAma banAtI hai / bhagni bhale zItala ho jAye, viSa cAhe pramRta ho jAya, kintu striyA~ kabhI apanI vakratA nahIM chor3a sktiiN| 3 chataH striyoM ke samparka meM nahIM bhAnA caahie| unake saMsarga se manuSya dharma kA pAtra nahIM raha jAtA caura na hI mokSa kA sAdhaka bana pAtA hai / kyoMki -- jisa ura pransara basata nirantara nArI prauguna khAna | tahAM kahAM sAhiba ko vAsA do khAMDe, ikamyAna // * zrataH vipavela rUpI nArI ko jaba bar3e bar3e jogIzvarA taka tyAga kara cale gaye haiM to hama kyoM 1. jIvandhara campU lamba 7, pRSTha 38 2. uttarAdhyayana sUtra 3. prAcArya somadeva 4. yazastilakacampU prathama bha. zloka 77-81 5. kavivara bhUdhara 6. jinavANI saMgraha - cAnata unake cakkara meM phaMseM ? kyoMki nArI zabda kA artha hI hai- 'na+mari' puruSa ke lie nahIM hai zatru, jisake samAna aisI nArI / zatra ko kauna nahIM tyAganA cAhegA / nArI vaise hI viSailI hotI hai yadi use adhika zikSita karA diyA jAya to sAMpa ko dUdha pilAtA jaisA hai" prAdi-Adi / nizcaya hI ye nindA viSayaka sAre kathana nArI ke kisI eka pahalU ko lekara kahe gaye haiN| yaha usakA sarvAGga citraNa nahIM hai| kyoMki yadi aisA hotA to gRhastha jIvana ke lie nArI kI itanI upayogitA na mAnI jAtI ki usake binA puruSa kA jIvana niSphala hai| vaha jIte hue mRtaka ke samAna rahatA hai| nArI ke binA ghara eka bhayaMkara praTavI-sA pratIta hotA hai|" kuzala nArI ho gRhastha ke prAdhyAtmika anuSThAna meM pUrNa sahayoga pradAna karatI hai / usake trivargoM ko sAdhane vAlI hotI hai / gRhiNI hI vAstava meM ghara hai, IMTa-patthara ke bane makAna mAdi nahIM 10 ityAdi / itanA hI nahIM nArI kI prazaMsA meM prAcArya jinasena ne yahAM taka kahA hai ki- 'nArI gurapavatI dhatte strI sRSTiragrimaM padam' guNavatI striyAM apane guNoM ke dvArA saMsAra meM zreSTha pada ko prApta hotI haiM / jaina sAhitya meM strI ko cakravartI ke caudaha ratnoM meM se eka mAnA gayA 1 dharmaparAyaNa patnI ke na hone para koI bhI rAjA abhiSeka ke yogya nahIM samajhA jAtA / 11 itanA ucca sthAna zAyada hI nArI ko kahIM milA ho / 7. tandula vaikAlika pRSTha 50 8. yazastilakacampU utta0 pRSTha 152 6. vahI pra. pra. kloka 121 10. sAgAradharmAmRta vi. ma. zloka 59-60 11. jambUdIpapattI

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jaina saMskRti meM nArI ke vividha rUpa nArI mAtA ke rUpa meM hamezA pUjI gaI hai| saMkSepa meM yadi kaheM to jaina saMskRti meM nArI ke jima nArI ne tIrthakura, cakravartI, balabhadra prAdi ve sabhI rUpa svIkRta haiM jinake binA mAnava samAja mahApuruSoM ko janma diyA ho vaha kyA kabhI hema ho kA koI bhI citra pUrA nahIM ho sakatA / kanyA ke sakatI hai ? bhAratIya saMskRti kI jo yaha sArvabhauma rUpa meM yadi nArI dulArI gaI hai to gRhasvAminI ke mAnyatA hai ki nAriyoM kI jahAM pUjA hotI hai vahA~ rUpa meM use mAna kama nahIM diyA gyaa| jana nArI devatA nivAsa karate haiM / vintu yaha mAnyatA kahIM ne samasta kalAproM meM pAraMgata ho apanI vidvattA mAnyatA hI na raha jAya yaha pAzakA hai / kyoMki aura sAmarthya kA jahA~ paricaya diyA hai, vahA~ dharmavartamAna samaya meM nArI jina rUpoM meM prastuta ho parAyaNa paura kartavyaniSTha hokara samAja aura dharma rahI hai yA kI pA rahI hai vaha rUpa pUjA ke yogya kI sevA bhI kama nahIM kI / pAtma sAdhanA, syAga to kabhI nahIM ho sktaa| evaM tapasyA kI to vaha adhiSThAtro rahI hai, jisane liMga cheda kara nirvANa ko bhI prApta kiyA hai| isa prakAra jaina saMskRti ke pAloka meM nArI isa prakAra yadi pratya saMskRtiyoM meM nArI ko heya ke samasta pahaluoM ko dekhane se yaha jJAta hAtA hai aura bhogya kI vastu samajha usakA apamAna kara ki nArIkA usase ghaniSTha sambandha rahA hai| yadyapi ghora aparAdha kiyA hai to nArI ke ujjavala aura prastuta nibandha ke sAtha yaha dAvA nahIM kiyA jA samunnata rUpa ko sarAhanA, use puruSoM ke samakakSa sakatA ki nArI ke samasta pahala aura sampUrNa mAnanA, yaha jana saMskRti kI nArI se pa isameM nihita hai, kintu phira bhI yaha kahane kSamAyAcanA hai| meM saMkoca nahIM hotA ki nArI ke viSaya meM kucha bhI socane aura samajhane ke lie isakI upayogitA nahIM haTAyI jA sktii| viSa kA viSa hI to amRta hai| koI bAta bahuta dinoM se calI A rahI hai, kevala isIse vaha macchI nahIM ho jAtI / sammAna ke sAtha cale mAne para bhI nhiiN| bIca bIca meM use jAMca karake dekha lenA cAhiye ki usakI upayogitA kahAM baka bhaduraNa hai| -pAbUjI kI DAyarI se

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karma hIna, uddezya hIna jIvana kA divArambha hotA hai prAnti meM ! aura zAma hotI hai abasana glAni meN| manuSya ke mana kA koI bharosA nhiiN| prAyazcita to pApa ke liye hotA hai| jisane pApa hI nahIM kiyA use prAyazcita kI kyA AvazyakatA? jaMgala meM rahane vAle pakSI kI apekSA, piMjar3e kA pakSI hI adhika phar3aphar3AtA hai| kucha na kucha doSa, kucha na kucha lajjA kI bAta hara eka ghara meM hai| -bAbUjI kI DAyarI se

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jaina samAja ke Andolana svAmI satyabhakta ho taka janasaMkhyA kA savAla hai, isa deza kI prAndolana aura inase paidA hone vAle bheda praba 'vizAla jana saMkhyA ko dekhate hue jana jana camaka nahIM rahe haiM / gauNa avasthA meM pahu~ca gaye haiN| saMkhyA bahuta choTI hai| mAdhA pratizata bhI nhiiN| ho / solahavIM zatAbdI meM musalamAnoM ke parantu sAmpatika avasthA, zikSA prAdi meM kAphI mUrtipUjA virodha se prabhAvita hokara jo aAndolana mahattvapUrNa hai| hindU samAja ko saraha yaha samAja bhI vividha jAtiyoM aura sampradAyoM meM baMTI huI hue ve kAphI prabhAvaka aura sthAyI bane / isase zvetAmbara jaina samAja do vizAla saMghoM meM baiTa hai| sau se adhika to jAtiyAM hai / aura pratyeka jAti ke choTe choTe bahuta se prAndolana haiM jo ki gayA / mUrti pUjaka aura sthAnakavAsI / mUrti " pUjaka loga mUrti pUjA karate haiM aura vItarAga kI prAyaH vivAha ke rIti rivAjoM ko lekara haiN| bar3e mRti ko bhI alaMkAroM se vibhUSita karate haiM / spaSTa bar3e mAndolana dhArmika vibhAga kI dRSTi se bane hue hI una para vaiSNava sampradAya kA pUrA prabhAva hai / kucha vizAla janasaMkhyA ke kSetra meM haiN| sthAnakavAsI samAja ne musalima prabhAva meM jaina samAja ke dhArmika dRSTi se do bheda haiN| zvetAmbara aura digmbr| ye do bheda karIba do prAkara mUtipUjA hI chor3a dii| aba ve apane hajAra varSa purAne hai / isakA matalaba yaha ki jaina sAdhunoM kI vandanA karake aura unake darzanArtha yAtrA samAja meM do hajAra varSa pahale hI Andolana shuruu| karake apanI mUrtipUjA kI pyAsa bujhA lete haiN| ho gaye the| isake bAda bhI samaya samaya para sthAnakavAsI samAja bhI kAphI saMkhyA meM hai aura prAndolana hote rahe aura samAja kI zAkhA prazAkhAeM usako jana saMkhyA 4-5 lAkha taka pahuMca gaI hai| phUTatI rahIM / digambara samAja meM kucha bAtoM ko . digambaroM meM bhI solahavIM zatAbdI meM eka lekara terApaMtha bIsapaMtha bne| mUrti ko phUla mati pUjA virodhI sampradAya tAraNa paMtha ke nAma se catAnA yA na car3hAnA, bhaTTAraka (jana mahanta) ko khaDA hvaa| isane mati haTAdI parantu vedI para mAnanA yA na mAnanA yahI isa prAndolana kA zAstra virAjamAna kara diye aura usI se mukhya viSaya thaa| lakar3I kI mUrti banAne tathA darzana pUjA ko pyAsa bujhaaii| para yaha saMpradAya vaha mUrti sUkha kara phaTa na jAya isaliye ghI, dUdha phaila na skaa| do hajAra prAdamI isa saMpradAya meM dahI prAdi cikanI cIjoM se abhiSeka karane prAdi / hoNge| nAnA taraha ke prAndolana aura unase paidA ko lekara kASThA saMgha bana gayA / isa prakAra hone vAle paMtha bhedoM se jaina samAja kA itihAsa digambara samAja kaI bhAgoM meM baMTA / zvetAmbara bharA par3A hai / parantu praba ye saba itihAsa kI bAteM samAja meM bhI aneka mAndolanoM se saMgha bheda / ho gaI haiN| hue| parahanta deva, zAstra aura sAghu ke sAtha zAsana devoM kI stuti nahIM karanA isa bAta ko parantu isa yuga meM pichale sATha-sattara varSoM meM lekara tristutika sampradAya camakA / parantu ye saba bhI kAphI prAndolana hue haiN| unase saMgha bheda to nahIM

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti grantha humA parantu unakA prabhAva avazya par3A aura unameM lanoM meM kyoMki merA janma di0 jaina samAja meM se kucha pAndolana kAphI mAtrA meM saphala hue| hukA paura kAphI samaya taka meM digambara bana samAja kA paMDita aura kAryakartA rahA hai| mujha se pahale para sthAnakavAsI samAja ke bhI do Tukar3e hue| di. jaina samAja ke cAra pAndolanoM kA to mujhe inameM se eka terApaMtha saMpradAya bhalaga nikalA jisane ThIka taraha se patA hai / dassoM ko pUjA kA adhikAra nivRttivAda kI parisImA para pahuMcane kI koziza dene ke bAre meM eka prAndolana khar3A huvA thI jisakA kii| saba jIva apane apane karmaphala kA bhoga kara netatva sva. paM. gopAladAsa jI baraiyA ne kiyA rahe haiM isaliye usameM hastakSepa kyoM karanA caahiye| thaa| praba kAphI aMzoM meM yaha saphala hai| " isaliye yadi koI bhAga meM phaMsa kara mara rahA hai| eka mAndolana zAstra chapAne ke bAre meM bhI thaa| to use kyoM bacAnA cAhiye, mAdi vidhAna bane / / hAlAM ki aisI bAtoM ke samarthana se aba bacA jAtA zAstra chapAne ke pakSa meM aneka loga the| virodha meM hai aura grAma janatA ke sAmane aisI bAteM nahIM kahI svargIya seTha jambUprasAda jI sahAranapura vAle the| jAtI phira bhI pathakatA kA prAdhArabhata siddhAMta yaha pAndAlana mA saphala huaa| vahI hai / jaina samAja meM yaha saMpradAya bhI kAphI : zAstra sudhAra mAdi ke kucha mAndolana svargIya prabhAvaka hai| jana saMkhyA meM bhI eka lAkha kI saMkhyA zrI sUrajabhAnajI vakIla ne kiye the jo daba gye| taka phailA huA hai / digambara samAja meM jo terApaMtha vidhavA vivAha ke pracAra ke liye svargIya hai usase isakA koI sambandha nahIM hai| tathA unakI zrIdayAcandajI goyalIya ne kiyA thA jo unhIM ke nIti meM bhI koI mela nahIM hai| sAtha samApta ho gayA thaa| ina bhAndolanoM ke sthAnakavAsI saMpradAya meM aneka prAcAryoM ko samaya meM bAlaka yA vidyArthI hI thaa| isaliye miTA kara eka prAcArya banAne kA prAndolana calA inameM merA koI hAtha nahIM thaa| aura vaha bAharI dRSTi meM saphala bhI hmaa| bhItara pharavarI sana 1916 meM maiM banArasa ke syAvAda hI bhItara dvandva hai phira bhI eka prAcArya bana gayA mahA vidyAlaya meM adhyApaka ke rUpa meM niyukta havA hai| mUrti pUjaka sampradAya meM bAladIkSA ko rokane aura usI varSa eka baMna patra kA saMpAdaka bhI bnaa| ke liye prAndolana khar3A hamA aura isa nimitta se san 1920 meM mere vicAroM meM jana zAstroM ke sUdhArakoM kA eka saMgaThana 'jaina yUvaka saMgha' ke nAma cintana manana ke phalasvarUpa krAnti haI aura usake se banA / jahAM taka vicAroM kA savAla hai bambaI meM vaha saMgha kAphI prabhAvaka hai| bAla dIkSAeM rukato bAda hI pAndolanoM kA prAraMbha huvaa| nahIM sakI haiM phira bhI kama ho gaI haiM aura unake pahile so mere pAndolana vivAha zAdI ke rIti virodha meM AvAja bhI uThatI hai| baDaudA jaba alaga rivAjoM ko lekara hae aura ve paravAra jAti meM rAjya thA taba bAladIkSA ke virodha meM kAnUna bhI the jo ki pUrI taraha saphala ho gye| banavA diyA gayA thaa| parantu sabase tIvra pAndolana di.jaina samAja mUrti pUjaka samAja aura sthAnakavAsI samAja meM jAti pAti tor3ane kA thA jo bhAga se karIba se bhI merA sambandha kAphI rahA hai / aura eka kArya- 42 varSa pahale zurU humA thA jisakA pUrA maura vArtA ke rUpa meM rahA hai| isaliye ina AndolanoM mukhya netRtva mujhe karanA par3A thaa| 'vijAtIya meM thor3A bahuta hissA merA bhI rahA hai| parantu vivAha mImAMsA' nAma se merA eka TrekTa dillI meM prabhAvaka hissA rahA hai di0 jaina samAja ke prAndo- joharImalanI sarrApha ne chapavAyA thA aura vaha pUrA

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jaina samAja ke Andolana usase yaha dhAnyo kA pUrA jainamitra meM bhI chpaa| mana bhar3aka utthaa| rUr3hipUjaka samAja kA sAdhAraNataH mere viruddha ho yaha svAbhAvika thA isa liye kucha paMDita samAja ke vakIla banakara mere viruddha khar3e ho gaye / mujhe isake liye sau se adhika lekha likhane pdd'e| paMcAyatoM aura paMDitoM se patra vyava hAra karanA pdd'aa| gAMva-gAMva ghUmanA par3A aura bhranta meM indaura kI naukarI bhI chor3anI par3I / zrama to bahuta huA hI paisA bhI kharca huvaa| kucha samaya jIvikA kI bitA se bhI parezAna hubA parantu jahA~ taka vicAra parivartana kA savAla hai yaha Andolana pUrI taraha saphala rhaa| bahuta se virodhI paMDitoM ke vicAra bhI badala gaye dhaura vyavahAra meM bhI kAphI saphala huvA / dakSiNI madhya pradeza aura mahArASTra meM darjanoM kI saMkhyA meM jAMti pAMti tor3akara vivAha hue aura kucha alpasaMkhyaka jAtiyA~ to eka taraha se Apasa meM mila hI gaI / / isake bAda kA prAndolana di. jaina muniyoM ke viruddha thA / sthitipAlaka jaina paMDitoM ne tarka se hAra kara apane bacAva ke liye di. jaina muniyoM ko Age kiyA thaa| isa prakAra eka to muni loga dalabaMdI ke zikAra the| dUsare unakI kucha harakatoM se samAja kI bar3I hAni ho rahI thI zUdra jala tyAga karAne se jaina samAja ko kAphI kSati uThAnI par3I thii| jAMta pAMta ke AdhAra se manuSya ko choTA samamane kA siddhAnta nyAya ke viruddha to thA hI jainadharma ke viruddha bhI thA tathA isake kAraNa kaI jagaha jainoM kA sAmAjika virodha bahiSkAra bhI huA thA isaliye prAtmaghAtaka bhI thA / isaliye di. jaina muniyoM kI pratIcanA kA eka jabardasta prAndolana bana gayA thaa| ajamera se nikalane vAle jaina jagata dvArA yaha prAndolana kiyA jAtA thA / bI phatahacaMdajI seThI isake prakAzaka the aura meM sampAdaka thA / usa samaya vi. jaina sAdhuyoM ke guptase gupta samAcAra jaina jagata meM pragaTa hote the / jaina samAja meM isa samaya jaina jagatakA bar3A prAtaMka 103 thaa| usa samaya eka kavi ne likhA thA: isa jaina jagata kI jarA himmata to dekhiye choTe se muMha se bama ke gole chor3a rahA hai| una dinoM di. jaina muniyoM ke virodha meM jo jaina jagata ne likhA usake kAraNa muniveSiyoM kI saMgha aDhA kAphI kama ho gaI aura samAja kAphI jaga gyaa| munIndrasAgara dala ke rahasyoM kA to itanA udghATana hudhA ki damoha kI jaina paMcAyata ne usa dala kI gaMgA bholI lekara usakA bahuta sA dhana chIna liyaa| taba vaha dala jabalapura calA gyaa| jabalapura kI paMcAyata ne bhI usa dala ke bhraSTAcAra kA DaTa kara mukAbalA kiyaa| taba yaha dala bhaMga ho gayA / tIna muniveSiyoM ne to dhAtma hatyA krtii| bAkI muniveSa chor3a kara bhAga gaye / usa samaya sthitipAlaka paMDita jaina jagata ko muni nindaka kahate the| kaI muni to dhAvakoM ko pratijJA dete the ki jaina jagata ko kabhI na chuyeNge| yadi chU gayA to tIna bAra miTTI se hAtha dhoyeMge / phira bhI ve muni loga hI ekAnta meM use svayaM par3hate the| usa samaya ke jaina jagata dvArA jo mAndolana cher3A gayA vaha itane aMza meM to saphala huA ki muniveSa lene ke kAraNa hI jo bhakti milA karatI thI aura ve loga jo dhAlocanA se pare ho jAte the vaha na rhii| yahA~ taka ki sthiti pAlaka dala bhI kisI na kisI muni kA mAlocaka bana gayA / isake bAda kA jabardasta Andolana vidhavA vivAha kA thaa| san 1920 meM cintana karate karate bhI vicAroM meM jo parivartana huvA usane mujhe vidhavA vivAha kA samarthaka banA diyA para isakA prAndolana meM cher3a na sakA / eka bAra brahmacArI zItala prasAda jI se merI carcA huii| mene vidhavA vivAha ke pakSa meM apanI dalIleM unheM sunAI / bolevidhavA vivAha ke samarthana meM mere bhI vicAra haiM parantu maiM unheM prakaTa nahIM kara sakatA / parantu marane ke pahale maiM likha jarUra jAU~gA ki meM vidhavA vivAha kA samarthaka thA aura zAyada aisA hI hotA /

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104 bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti pantha parantu jaina samAja ke kucha netA brahmacArI jI ke pIche par3e hue the| ve brahmacArI kI para jora DAlate the ki yA to dhApa vidhavA vivAha ke vicAra chor3a deM athavA khullama khullA vidhavA vivAha ke samarthaka bana jAMya / isa bAta ko lekara brahmacArI jI ko itanA dabAyA gayA ki icchA na rahane para bhI unheM vidhavA vivAha kA khullama khullA samarthana karanA pdd'aa| rAcArI jI ke virodhiyoM ko unheM jaina / brahmacArI samAja meM nindita karane kA avasara mila gayA / brahmacArI jI ne sanAtana jaina samAja nAma se eka alaga samAja khar3A kara liyaa| para brahmacArI jo bhItara se naTTara di0 jaina the| unheM isakA pUrA moha thaa| sirpha vidhavA vivAha ke samarthaka the aura usa viSaya meM unake vicAra purAne prAndolakoM- sva. sUrajabhAna jI vakIla, dayAcandajI goyalIya prAdi ke samAna the arthAt vidhavA vivAha ke viSaya meM ve kahA karate the ki bhale hI vaha jainadharma ke viruddha ho para samaya kI mAMga hai| usake binA jainoM kI saMkhyA ghaTa rahI hai bhAdi / aise hI tarkoM se vidhavA vivAha kA samarthana karate the unheM mAlUma thA ki meM vidhavA vivAha kA samarthaka hai| isaliye prati saptAha unakA eka patra mujhe milane lagA ki Apa isa prAndolana kA samarthana kIjiye, maiM asahAya hU~, isa Andolana ko bhApa hI joradAra banA sakate haiM / para merI bhI kucha parezAniyA~ thiiN| jina saMsthAnoM se merA sambandha yA vidhavA vivAha ke prAndolana se unako kSati pahu~catI yA mujhe unase sambandha chor3anA par3atA / meM ina donoM bAtoM ke liye taiyAra na thA / usa samaya meM jana jagata kA sampAdaka thA ho / isaliye maiMne yaha ghoSita kiyA ki jaina jagata meM vighayA vivAha ko lekara donoM pakSoM ke lekha nikleNge| samarthana meM bhI paura virodha meM bhii| jana jagata se sthiti pAlaka paMDita to bhar3akate hI the isaliye unake lekha to prAe hI nahIM / isaliye vidhavA vivAha ke virodha meM koI lekha jana jagata meM chapane nahIM zrAyA aura samarthana meM bhI lekha likhane kI himmata kisI meM na thI tathA yaha sArA nATaka mujhe hI karanA pdd'aa| kalpita nAmoM se maiMne vidhavA vivAha ke vizeSa aura samarthana meM lekha likhane zurU kiye | kabhI bayANI devI Adi ke nAma se viSayA vivAha kA virodha karatA kabhI savyasAcI ke nAma se vidhavA vivAha kA samarthana karatA / kaI varSo taka me savya sAdhI ke nAma se vidhavA vivAha ke samarthana meM lekha likhatA rhaa| virodhiyoM ko uttara detA rhaa| una lekhoM ko TrekTa ke rUpa meM dillI ke jauharIlAla jI sarrApha ne chpvaayaa| eka TrekTa to karIba 250 pejoM kA thaa| / vidhavA vivAha ke purAne samarthakoM se mere samarthana meM eka antara thaa| pahale ke loga vidhavA vivAha ko jainadharma ke viruddha mAnakara samaya kI jarUrata ke nAma se prApaddharma ke rUpa meM calAnA cAhate the jaba ki merA kahanA thA ki vidhavA vivAha janadharma kA aMga hai| vidhavA vivAha ke rivAja ke binA jainadharma kA brahmacaryAzuvata pradhUrA hai / brahmacaryAzuvrata kA matalaba hai ki manuSya kI uddAma kAma vAsanA eka puruSa yA eka nArI meM sImita ho jaay| yaha kArya vidhavA vivAha se bhI hotA hai / vidhavA ko bhI kAmavAsanA ko sImita karane kI jarUrata hai ko ki vivAha se hI saMbhava hai isaliye vidhavA vivAha brahmacaryAmpuvrata kA pUraka hai / isI prakAra koI puruSa yadi kisI vidhavA ke sAtha vivAha karake apanI kAma vAsanA vo sImita kara letA hai to usakA yaha vivAha bhI brahmacaryavrata kA sahAyaka bana jAtA hai| isa prakAra donoM ke liye vidhavA vivAha brahmacaryAvrata kA maMtra hai aura brahmacaryAravrata to jaina dharma kA mUla hai isaliye vidhavA vivAha bhI mUlata meM sahAyaka bannA isa prakAra dhArmika dRSTikoNa se maiMne vidhavA vivAha kA joradAra samarthana kiyA hAlAM ki yaha saba savyasAcI ke nAma se kiyA brahmacArI jI ko jaba bhI koI caleJja detA yA ye kaha dete the ki savyasAcI se "

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jaina samAja ke Andolana 105 zAstrArtha kare aura vaha saba likhita hogaa| kyoMki hI mujhe usake liye jaina samAja meM eka nayA samprameM apane nAma se sAmane prAnA nahIM cAhatA thaa| dAya hI khar3A kyoM na karanA pdd'taa| parantu eka savyasAcI ke nAma se hI sabako uttara detA thaa| dina cintana karate karate jo nayA prakAza milA isa prakAra brahmacArI jI kI DhAla bhI meM hI thA usane yaha moha char3A diyaa| paura talavAra bhii| ___ maiMne socA "maiM jainadharma ko bilkula zuddha karane savyasAcI ke lekhoM kA itanA asara jarUra humA ke liye usako saba kamajoriyAM haTA rahA hU~ aura ki vidhavA vivAha ko loga jainadharma kI bAta jo tra.TiyAM dekhatA hU~ vaha saba bhara rahA hU~ agara isI samajhane lage aura usake bAre meM jo ghRNA kA bhAva nIti se maiM saMzodhana anya ghoM kA karU to dharmoM meM antara kyA raha jAyagA taba maiM sirpha jaina thA vaha dUra ho gyaa| kucha vidhavA vivAha hue bhI / dharma kA hI saMzodhana kyoM kara rahA hai| isaliye to isa bAta kA mujhe darda hotA thA ki jainadharma ko bahata sI bAteM prAdhunika vijJAna se mela ki mere pitA jaina the / isaliye ki bAlyAvasthA se mujhe nahI khAtI / isake kAraNa prAja kA vidyArthI jana vahI dharma milaa| parantu jainadharma ko acchA dharma dharma ke bAre meM aruci aura prazraddhA vyakta karatA samajha kara janapitA ke yahA~ paidA hone ke liye kyA hai| isaliye mere mana meM vicAra prAyA ki jainadharma maine pitA cunA thA / akasmAta hI mujhe jaina pitA kA itanA saMzodhana kara diyA jAya ki yaha prAdhunika mila gayA / buddhi pUrvaka maiMne pitA cunA nahIM / aisI vijJAna se Takkara le sake / isI samaya bAba choTe- hAlata meM anya dharma kA bhI pitA mila sakatA thA lAlajI ne apane saba vicAroM ko prakaTa karane kii| . aura maiM usahI dharma ke gIta gAne lagatA / vAstava preraNA dii| isaliye 'jainadharma kA marma' zIrSaka meM yaha prAkasmikatA satya kI nirNAyaka nahIM hai| dekara maine eka lekha mAlA 'jaina jagata' meM prakaTa isake liye to bilkula nirmoha banakara niSpakSa dRSTi kii| yaha sAr3he tIna varSa taka likhI gaI aura bAda se vicAra karanA cAhiye / " basa ! isa vicAra matIna khaNDoM meM karIba bAraha sau pRSThoM meM 'jaina ne mujhe dhArmika pakSapAta se yA moha se mukta banA dharma mImAMsA' ke nAma se prakaTa hii| isake virodha diyaa| maiM sAdhAraNataH sabhI dharmoM meM samabhAvI niSpakSa mAndolaka bana gayA / aura inahI vicAroM meM bhI lekha likhe gaye aura unake uttara meM bhI eka lekha mAlA aura likhI gii| kA mUrtimanta rUpa banA 'satya smaaj'| yaha san 1634 kI bAta hai / isake bAda jaina jagata kA nAma khaira isa lekhamAlA meM meM do kArya karatA thaa| badalakara satyasandeza kara diyA gyaa| jaba maiMne jainadharma kI jo bAta mAdhunika vijJAna se mela nahIM vardhA meM satyAzrama banAyA taba 'satyasaMdeza' kA svAtI thI use meM nikAla detA thaa| aura jo kamI prakAzana bhI vahIM se hone lgaa| aura jaina samAja mAlama hotI thI use jor3a detA thaa| isa prakAra kA sambandha karIba karIba usI DhaMga se chUTa gayA jaisA jainadharma ko maiM paripUrNa aura zuddha banAtA jAtA thaa| kisI lar3akI kA sambandha vivAha ke bAda pIhara se yaha saba cikitsA meM jainadharma ke moha ke kAraNa jAtA karatA thA para jaina samAja mere isa prAcaraNa ko bAbU choTelAlajI nirmoha to nahIM ho paaye| nahIM samajha pA rahA thA isaliye merA virodhI thaa| mere vicAroM se pUrI taraha mela bhI baiThA nahIM pAye yadi merA yaha moha banA rahatA, to meM kisI ke bhI phira bhI mere vicAroM kI kadra karate rahe aura satyAvirodha kI paravAha na karake jIvana ke anta taka zrama ko bIsa hajAra se adhika ko bheMTa binA mAMge jainadharma saMzodhana kA kArya karatA rahatA / bhale hI mujhe dI aise kadradAM vAstava meM durlabha haiN| .

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! jo samAja dukhI kA dukha nahIM samajhatA, pApati vipatti meN| himmata nahIM baMdhAtA, vaha samAja merA nahIM, mujha jaise garIboM kA | nahIM hai| ! manuSya manuSya meM anaginata bheda hote hai, parantu manuSyatA eka / cIja hai jo kabhI-kabhI bheda kI ina sArI dIvAroM ko lAMgha jAtI hai| / 1 x x x x I apane sammAna kI Apa rakSA na karane se anyatra sammAna prApta ! nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| AdamI jisa jamIna para giratA hai, uThane ke lie use usIkA / sahArA lenA hotA hai| -bAbUjI kI sAyarI se

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mathurA kI prAcIna kalA meM samanvaya bhAvanA kRSNadatta vAjapeyI uttara pradeza ke pazcimI bhAga meM mathurA - prAgarA ke jile tathA unake samIpavartI kSetra braja ke nAma se prasiddha haiM / braja kA prAcIna nAma " sUrasena janapada" thA, jisakI rAjadhAnI mathurA thii| isI mathurA meM bhagavAn kRSNa ne janma lekara braja meM aneka lIlAeM kiiN| zaiva tathA zAkta matoM kA vikAsa bhI brajabhUmi meM bahuta prAcIna kAla se prArambha huA / dhIre-dhIre nagarI bhAgavata yA vaiSNava dharma kA mathurA pramukha kendra bana gaI / IsA se kaI zatAbdI pUrva mathurA meM eka bar3e jaina stUpa kA nirmANa huA, jisakA nAma "vodU" stUpa thaa| jisa bhUmi para yaha stUpa banAyA gayA vaha aba kaMkAlI TIlA kahalAtA hai| isa TIle ke eka bar3e bhAga kI khudAI pichalI zatAbdI ke maMtima bhAga meM huI thI, jisake phalasvarUpa eka hajAra se Upara vividha mUrtiyAM milI thii| hindU paura bauddha dharma sambandhI kucha safrat mUrtiyoM ko chor3a kara isa khudAI meM prApta zeSa sabhI mUrtiyA~ jaina dharma se sambandhita thIM / unake nirmANa kA samaya I0 pU0 200 se lekara 1100 I0 taka ThaharAyA gayA hai| kaMkAlI TIlA tathA vraja ke anya sthAnoM se prApta bahusaMkhyaka jaina maMdiroM evaM mUrtiyoM ke avazeSa isa bAta ke sUcaka haiM ki yahA~ eka laMbe samaya taka jaina dharma kA vikAsa hotA rahA / bauddhoM ne bhI mathurA meM apane kaI kendra banAye, jinameM tIna mukhya the| sabase bar3A kendra usa sthAna ke pAsa-pAsa thA jahA~ prAjakala kalakTarI kacaharI hai| dUsarA zahara ke uttara meM yamunA kinAre gokarNezvara dhIra usake uttara kI bhUmi para thA tathA tIsarA yamunA taTa para dhruvabATa ke prAsapAsa thA / praneka hindU devatAoM kI pratimAnoM kI taraha bhagavAna buddha kI mUrti kA nirmANa bhI sabase pahale mathurA meM hI mAnA jAtA hai / bhArata ke pramukha dharma bhAgavata, zaiva, jaina tathA bauddha braja kI pAvana bhUmi para zatAbdiyoM taka sAtha-sAtha pallavita puSpita hote rhe| unake bIca aikya ke aneka sUtroM kA prAdurbhAva lalita kalAoM ke mAdhyama se huA, jisase samanvaya tathA sahiSNutA kI bhAvanAoM meM vRddhi huI / dezI aura videzI kalA kA sammizraNa bhArata kA eka pramukha dhArmika tathA kalA kendra hone ke nAte mathurA ko bar3I khyAti prApta huI / IrAna, yUnAna aura madhya eziyA ke sAtha mathurA kA sAMskRtika samparka bahuta samaya taka rhaa| uttarapazcima meM gaMdhAra pradeza kI rAjadhAnI takSazilA kI taraha mathurA nagara vibhinna saMskRtiyoM ke pArasparika milana kA eka bar3A kendra ho gyaa| isake phalasvarUpa videzI kalA kI aneka vizeSatAoM ko yahA~ ke kalAkAroM ne grahaNa kiyA bhIra unheM dezI tatvoM ke sAtha samanvita karane kuzalatA kA paricaya diyA / tatkAlIna eziyA tathA yUropa kI saMskRti ke aneka upAdAnoM ko prAtmasAt kara unheM bhAratIya tatvoM ke sAtha ekarasa kara diyA gyaa| zatroM tathA kuSANoM ke zAsanakAla meM mathurA meM jisa mUrtikalA kA bahumukhI vikAsa huA usameM samanvaya kI yaha bhAvanA spaSTa rUpa se dekhane ko milatI hai / prAcIna mathurA meM maMdiroM tathA mUrtiyoM ke nirmANa meM prAyaH sAla balue patthara kA prayoga hotA thA / yaha patthara mathurA ke samIpa tAMtapura, phatehapura sIkarI, rUpavAsa Adi sthAnoM meM milatA hai aura mUrti gar3hane ke lie mulAyama hotA hai /

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108 bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti prantha hindU mUrtikalA ke vikAsa ko jAnane tathA buddha-mUrtiyoM kA zrIgaNeza vizeSa rUpa se paurANika devI-devatAoM ke mUrti- bhArata meM bhagavAna buddha kA pUjana kuSANa kAla vijJAna ko samajhane ke lie aja kI kalA meM bar3I se kaI zatAbdI pahale pArambha ho cukA thA, para vaha sAmagrI upalabdha hai / brahmA, ziva tathA viSNu ko unake cinhoM kI pUjA taka hI sImita thA / buddha bhaneka mUrtiyAM braja meM milatI haiM, jinakA samaya I0 ko mAnava-mUrti kA nirmANa nahIM huA thaa| zuga prathama zatI se lekara bArahavIM zatI taka hai / viSNu kAla ke aMta taka hama yahI sthiti pAte haiM / sAMcI, kI kaI guptakAlIna pratimAeM atyanta kalApUrNa haiN| bharahuta, bodhagayA, sAranAtha bhAdi sthAnoM se usa kaNa-balarAma kI bhI kaI prAcIna mUrtiyAM milI samaya taka kI jitanI boTa kalA-kRtiyAM prApta naI haiM / balarAma kI sabase purAnI mUrti I0 pUrva dUsarI hai una para bodhi-vRkSa, dharmacakra, stUpa, bhikSApAtra zatI kI haiM, jisameM ve hala aura mUsala dhAraNa kiye mAdi kA hI pUjana dikhAyA gayA hai| mUrta rUpa meM dikhAye gaye haiM / anya hindU devatA, jinakI mUrtiyA~ bhagavAna buddha kA pUjana kahIM nahIM huA / mathurA se mathurA kalA meM milI haiM, kArtikeya, gaNeza, indra, bhI aneka prAcIna mUrtiyAM milI haiM, jina para ina agni, sUrya, kAmadeva, hanumAna prAdi haiM / deviyoM meM cinhoM kA pUjana milatA hai| mathurA meM hinduoM ke lakSmI, sarasvatI, pArvatI, mahiSamadinI, siMhavAhinI, balarAma prAdi devoM tathA jaina tIrthakara kI pratimAnoM durgA, saptamArtRkA, vasudhArA, gaMgA-yamunA prAdi ke kA nirmANa prAraMbha ho cukA thaa| bauddha dharmAnumarta rUpa mile haiN| ziva tathA pArvatI ke samanvita yAyiyoM meM bhI apane deva ko mAnava rUpa meM dekhane rUpa ardhanArIzvara ko bhI kaI pratimAeM prApta kI umaMga uThanI svAbhAvika hI thii| mathurA ke huI haiN| kuSANa-zAsaka mUti-niriNa ke premI the aura usa samaya yahA~ bhakti-pradhAna mahAyAna dharma prabala ho uThA jaina mUrtiyA~ thaa| phalasvarUpa kuSANa kAla meM mathurA ke zilpiyoM braja meM prApta jaina avazeSoM ko tIna mukhya bhAgoM dvArA bhagavAn buddha kI mUrti kA nirmANa hmaa| meM bA~TA jA sakatA hai: tIrthakara pratimAeM, deviyoM idhara gaMdhAra pradeza meM bhI baudadha mUrtiyAM bar3I saMkhyA sInIkaroM meM se meM banAyI jAne lgii| mathurA se prApta badadha aura soniyoM kI kalA meM pala bodhisatva kI prAraMbhika pratimAyeM prAyaH vizAlaneminAtha kI yakSiNI prabikA tathA RSabhanAtha kI kAya milI haiM, jaisI phi yakSa-mUrtiyA~ milatI hai| yakSiNI cakrezvarI kI mUrtiyAM ullekhanIya haiN| kalA ke vikAsa ke sAtha hI mUrtiyA~ adhika sundara prAyAgapaTTa prAya. vargAkAra zilApaTTa hote the, jo banane lgiiN| mathurA meM guptakAla meM nirmita pUjoM meM prayukta hote the / unapara tIrthakara, stUpa, buddha ko kucha pratimAoM meM bAhya saundarya ke sAtha svastika, naMdyAvataM prAdi pUjanIya cinha utkIrNa mAdhyAtmika gAMbhIrya kA adbhuta samanvaya dekhane ko kiye jAne the| mathurA saMgrahAlaya meM eka sundara milatA hai| prAyAgapaTTa hai, jise usa para likhe hue lekha ke anu- buddha tathA bodhisatva kI mUrtiyoM ke atirikta sAra lavaNazomikA nAmaka eka gariNakA kI putrI mathurA -kalA meM buddha ke pUrva janmoM kI ghaTanAyeM bhI vasu ne banavAyA thaa| isa prAyAgapaTTa para eka aneka zilApaTToM para citrita milatI haiM, jinheM vizAla stUpa kA prakana hai tathA vedikAnoM sahita jAtaka kahate haiM / bauddha dharma ke anusAra buddha toraNa dvAra banA hai / mathurA ke kaI utkRSTa prAyAga- hone ke pahale bhagavAn kaI yoniyoM meM vicare the| paTTa lakhanaU saMgrahAlaya meM haiN| unhIM pUrva janmoM kI kahAniyA~ jAtaka-kathAeM haiM /

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mathurA kI prAcIna kalA meM samanvaya bhAvanA 106 mathurA meM isa prakAra ke dRzyoM vAle kaI paTTa haiN| sukha-samRddhi tathA vilAsa ke pratinidhi haiN| saMgIta, gautama buddha ke vartamAna jIvana kI mukhya ghaTanAeM- nRtya paura surApAna inake priya viSaya haiN| yakSoM kI yathA, janma, zAma-prApti, dharma-cakra-pravartana tathA pratimAeM mathurA kalA meM sabase adhika milatI haiN| parinirvANa---bhI mathurA kalA meM aMkita milatI haiN| inameM sabase mahatvapUrNa parakhama nAmaka gAMva se prApta lagabhaga I0pU0200 meM nirmita vizAlakAya yakSakalA meM nArI citraNa mUrti hai| eka dUsarI bar3I mUrti mathurA ke bar3audA madhurA ke vedikA staMbhoM para vividha manoraMjaka gAMva se prApta haI hai| ye mUrtiyAM cAroM ora se kora citraNa milate haiM : muktAprathita keza-pAza, karNa kara banAI gaI haiM, jisase unakA darzana sabhI dizAnoM kuDala, ekAvalI, gucchakahAra, keyUra, kaTaka, mekhalA, se ho sake / kuSANa kAla meM aisI hI mUrtiyoM ke nUpura mAdi dhAraNa kie hue striyoM ko vividha samAna vizAlakAya bodhisatva pratimAeM nimita pAkarSaka mudrAmoM meM dikhAyA gayA hai / kahIM koI kI gii| yuvatI udyAna meM phUla cuna rahI hai, koI kaMduka yakSoM meM kubera tapA unakI strI hArItI kA krIr3A meM lagna hai, koI prazoka vRkSa ko paira se smAna bar3e mahattva kA hai| inakI aneka mUrtiyAM tAr3ita kara use puSpita kara rahI hai, yA nijhara meM mathurA meM prApta huI haiM / kubera yakSoM ke adhipati snAna kara rahI hai athavA snAnoparAMta tana Dhaka rahI tathA dhana ke devatA mAne gaye haiN| bauddha, jaina tathA hai| kisI ke hAtha meM vINA yA vaMzI hai to koI hindU-ina tInoM dharmoM meM inakI pUjA milatI hai| pramadA nRtya meM tallIna hai / koI sundarI snAnAgAra kubera jIvana ke prAnandamaya rUpa ke dyotaka haiM aura se nikalatI haI apane bAla nicor3a rahI hai aura isI rUpa meM unakI adhikAMza mUrtiyAM milatI haiN| nIce haMsa giratI huI pAnI kI bUdoM ko motI samajha kara apanI coMca khole khar3A hai| kisI stambha para pakSoM kI taraha prAcIna bRja meM nAgoM kI pUjA veNI-prasAdhana kA dRzya hai, kisI para saMgItotsaba bahuta pracalita thii| nAga aura nAginiyoM kI bahakA paura kisI para madhupAna kA / isa prakAra loka- saMkhyaka mUrtiyA~ braja meM milI haiN| inakI pajA jIvana ke kitane hI dRzya ina stambhoM para citrita samRddhi aura saMtAna karane vAlI mAnI jAtI thii| haiM / kucha para bhagavAn buddha ke pUrva janmoM se sambandhita braja meM zaka bhaura kuSANa zAsakoM kI aneka vibhinna jAtaka kahAniyA~ aura kucha para mahAbhArata mahatvapUrNa mUrtiyA~ prApta huI haiM / isa prakAra kI prAdi ke razya bhI haiN| isake atirikta aneka mUrtiyAM bhArata meM anyatra nahIM milii| kuSANa rAjA prakAra ke paza-pakSI, latA-phUla prAdi bhI ina stambhoM vimarkaDa phisesa, kaniSka prAdi zAsakoM tathA zakapara utkIrNa kie gae haiN| ina vedikA stambhoM ko rAnI kaMbojikA kI pratimAeM aba taka prApta ho zRgAra aura saundarya ke jIte-jAgate rUpa kahanA cukI haiN| zAsaka laMbA koTa tathA salavAra ke DhaMga kA cAhie, jina para kalAkAroM ne prakRti tathA mAnava pAyajAmA pahane dikhAye gae haiN| kambojikA ko jagat ko sauMdarya rAzi bikhera dI hai / bhAratIya kalA bhAratIya sAr3I pahane dikhAyA gayA hai / IrAnI tathA meM ina vedikA-stambhoM kA vizeSa sthAna mAnA yUnAnI puruSa-pratimAnoM ke kaI sira bhI mathurA-kalA jAtA hai| meM prApta hue haiN| yakSAdi mUrtiyA~ lokajIvana kA citraNa mapurA-kalA meM yakSa, kibhara, gandharva, suparNa mathurA-kalA meM vividha dharmoM ke devoM kI aneka tathA apsarAmoM kI aneka mUrtiyAM milatI haiN| ye prakAra kI mUrtiyoM ke milane ke atirikta aisI

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110 bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti grantha kRtiyAM bahuta milI haiM jinakA sambandha mukhyatayA madhyakAla taka kI pAyI jAtI haiM / Isabo pUrva 200 lokajIvana se hai| inameM miTTI kI mUrtiyoM kA se lekara 60.I. taka kI mRmUrtiyoM kI saMkhyA sthAna bar3e mahatva kA hai / yadyapi miTTI kI kucha sabase adhika hai| inameM se kucha to lar3akoM ke khelane matiyAM devI-devatAnoM vizeSataH hindU devatAmoM ke lie banatI thoM, jaise hAthI, ghor3e, gAr3I mAdi kI bhI milI haiM, para unakI saMkhyA thor3I hai| khilaune / zeSa bhUtiyAM ve haiM jinameM jIvana ke vividha pavikAza miTTI kI mUrtiyAM nAgarika tathA maMgoM kA vaisA hI pradarzana hai jaisA ki hama pASANa grAmINa loka jIvana para prakAza DAlatI hai| para pAte haiN| mapurA saMgrahAlaya se inakI saMkhyA bahuta adhika hai| ye adhikatara TIloM meM se tathA yamunA nadI se mathurA kI pracura kalArAzi meM vastutaH bhAratIya prApta huI haiN| inake mukhya do prakAra haiM : eka to saMskRti ke adhyayana kI atyanta mUlyavAn sAmagrI ve jo mauryakAla meM yA usake pUrva mAtRdeviyoM mAdi upalabdha hai| yahAM ke kuzala kalAkAra aneka dezI kI mUtiyoM ke rUpa meM hAtha se gar3hakara banAI jAtI evaM videzI tatvoM tathA bhAratIya dharma-darzana kI pI bhaura dUsarI sAMcoM ke dvArA banI huii| dUsare vividha dhArAmoM kA samanvita rUpa prastuta karane meM prakAra kI mUrtiyAM zumakAla se lekara lagabhaga pUrva saphala hue| mAMkhoM dekhI bhI asaMbhava ghaTanA kisI se mata kaho, isa para sAija vizvAsa nahIM kiyA jaataa| jo sacamuca hI kSamA cAhatA ho use to kSamA karanA hI caahiye| dukha pAhe kitanA hI bar3A kyoM na ho, use sahane meM ho to manuSyatva hai| -bAbUjI kI DAyarI se

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bhaTTArakayugIna jaina saMskRta sAhitya kI pravRttiyA~ pro0 DaoN0 nemIcandra zAstrI, dhArA vi yA lekhaka prapane caturdika phaile hue vizva kRSi ko kevala bAhya netroM se hI nahIM dekhatA, balki pantazcakSu dvArA usake saundayaM evaM vAstavika rUpa kA pravalokana karatA hai dhIra jagata ke anubhava ke sAtha apanA vyaktitva milAkara jar3acetanAtmaka vizva kA nirIkSaNa karatA hai| vaha jIvana ke sarvotama kSaNoM kA sAkSAtkAra kara apane saundarya bodha ko bAhya jagata kI praneka rUpatA praura antarjagata kI rahasyamayI vividhatA abhivyakta karatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki sAhitya kisI bhI jAti yA sampradAya kA darpaNa hotA hai mIra usameM lokottara bhAlhAda utpanna karane kI kSamatA vidyamAna rahatI hai / jaina sAhitya meM saMskRta kAvya kA sUtrapAta prAcArya samanta bhadra ke stotra - sAhitya se hotA hai, para vikAsa kI carama sImA bhaTTAraka yuga meM pAI jAtI hai| vividha viSayaka vipula racanAeM isa yuga meM likhI gaI haiM / ucanA parimANa kI dRSTi se yaha yuga paryApta mahatvapUrNa hai| yaha satya hai ki isa yuga meM kucha hI bhaTTAraka pratibhAzAlI hue haiM / para grantha racanA aura grantha saMrakSaraNa ke kSetra meM pratyeka bhaTTAraka ne mogadAna diyA hai / saMskRta, prAkRta dhaura urse bhASA kA praur3a adhyayana bhale hI bhaTTArakoM me na kiyA ho para purAnI paramparA ke anukaraNa para uktabhASAdhoM meM paryApta sAhitya kA praNayana kiyA hai| darzana, siddhAMta, jyotiSa, prAyurveda, kAvya, alaMkAra prasUti viSayoM kI abhizatA bhaTTArakoM meM vartamAna thii| ye kevala maThAdhIza ke rUpa meM hI apanI vidhAga kA camatkAra jana sAdhAraNa ke samakSa upasthita nahIM karate the balki rAjA mahA rAjAoM aura seTha sAhUkAroM ko prerita kara svayaM sAhitya-sRjana ke pratirikta anya vidvAnoM dhaura kaviyoM se bhI grantha racanA karAte the / dharmapracAra karanA, jana sAdhAraNa ko dharma ke prati zraddhAlu banAnA, svayaM grantha likhanA, anya vidvAnoM se likhavAnA evaM sarasvatI kA saMrakSaraNa karanA bhaTTArakoM kA jIvana lakSya thA / kaI bhaTTArakoM ke kAryakAla meM prArya granthoM kI sahasroM pANDulipiyAM taiyAra karAI gayI haiM / vrata vidhAna, pUjA-pATha evaM jIvanopayogI prauSadhi tantrAdi viSayaka sAhitya kA praraNayana isa yuga meM nizcayataH sarvAdhika huA hai| bhaTTAraka sampradAya ke ullekha nayIM dAtI se hI upalabdha hone lagate haiM para isa yuga kA prArambha 13 vIM zatI se hotA hai| prataH 13vIM zatI se 18 vI zatI taka kA samaya bhaTTAraka yuga ke antargata parigaNita hai / ina chaha sau varSoM ke kAla meM sAhitya aura saMskRti ke pracAra kA dhvaja bhaTTAraka varga ke hI hAtha meM thA / prArambha meM yaha varga nizcayataH nispRhI, tyAgI, jJAnI dhaura jitendriya thA / hA~, uttarakAla meM bhaTTArakoM meM aise doSa avazya dRSTigata hote haiM jina doSoM ke kAraNa yaha varga apane kartavya se cyuta to hudhA hI, sAtha hI sAhitya ke stara aura dharma ke svarUpa vivecana meM bhI aneka kamiyA~ utpanna ho gii| dUsarI bhora isa kAla khaNDa meM zvetAmbara sampradAya meM muni dhaura yatiyoM kA varga bhI sAhitya sRjana meM pravRtta thaa| isa varga ke lekhaka dhaura kaviyoM ne bhI bhaTTAraka yugIna pravRttiyoM kA anusaraNa kiyA / sAtha hI kucha aisI sAhityika vidhAeM bhI prAdurbhUta huIM jinakA sAhityika mUlya pUrvayugIna sAhitya

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti grantha kI apekSA kucha bhinna thaa| yoM to bhaTTArakoM ke samAna hI zvetAmbara sampradAya ke kavi aura lekhaka bhI navIna bhAvoM aura sandarbhoM ke sthAna para samasyA pUraryAtmaka yA hemacandrAcArya jaise pratibhAzAlI prAcAryoM ke padacinhoM kA anusaraNa karate rahe / saMkSepa meM ukta chaha sau varSoM ke kAlakhaNDa ko jaina saMskRta sAhitya kA punarAvRttakAla bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| hama isa kAlakhaNDa ko bhaTTAraka yuga ke nAma se isa lie abhihita kareMge ki isa yuga meM bhaTTArakoM ne hI pramukha rUpa se bahusaMkhyaka racanAeM nibaddha kI haiN| isa yuga kI pramukha sAhityika pravRttiyAM nimnAMkita haiM -: 1. paurANika caritakAvya 2. laghu prabandha kAvya 3. sandeza yA dUtakAvya 4. prabandhAtmaka prazastimUlaka aitihAsika sAhitya 5. sandhAnakAvya 6. sUkti sAhitya 7. stotra evaM pUjA bhakti sAhitya 8. nATaka 6. caritra yA prAcAramUlaka dhArmika sAhitya 10. samasyAtmaka sAhitya 11. nyAya, darzana, aura AdhyAtmika sAhitya 12. saMhitA viSayaka vividha sAhitya 13. TIkA-TippaNI viSayaka vividha sAhitya 14. kathA aura purANa viSayaka sAhitya 15. kopa, chanda evaM alaMkAra viSayaka sAhitya 1- paurANika carita kAvya viSayaka pravRtti: jaina sAhitya meM parita nAmAnta kAvyoM kA prArambha jaTAsiMha nandi ke barAGga carita se hotA hai| isa sAhityika pravRtti meM eka sAtha carita, darzana, prAcAra, romAnya, prema, kAmatasva aura bhaktitatva kA samavAya pAyA jAtA hai, bhaTTAraka yugIna carita kAvyoM meM variSa vikAsa kI apekSA paurANikatA hI pramukha 1 isa koTi ke kAvyoM meM paurANika kathAoMoM ko 112 grahaNa kara varNana vistAra aura camatkAra ke binA hI kathA ke vikAsakrama meM caritoM ko nibaddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| pariNAma yaha nikalA hai ki isa yuga ke pauraNika carita kAvya sampradAya vizeSa kI sImA meM prAvaddha hokara dharmakama -kAvya bana gaye haiN| kAvya camatkAra evaM rasozedhana ke liye jisa saundaryAnubhUti ko AvazyakatA kavi ko rahatI hai aura jisa saundaryAnubhUti kI abhivyaJjanA se kavi paurANika itivRta ko kAvya banAtA hai usakA prAyaH prabhAva hI isa yuga ke kAvya meM raha gyaa| saMkSepa meM isa pravRtti kI pramukha vizeSatAeM nimnalikhita haiM: (1) kathAvastu meM gahanatA kI dhapekSA vyAsa kA samAveza aura kAvya ke sthAna para paurANika prAyAma kA vistAra (2) sUkSma bhAvoM kI abhivyaMjanA ke sthAna para upadeza sthApanA kA prayAsa kAvya ke praNetAoM ne kavi-dharma kA nirvAha na kara kathAvAcaka ke dharma kA nirvAha kiyA hai| phalataH kAvya-tatva ke sthAna para upadeza tatva hI pramukha hai / (3) ghaTanAoM, pAtroM yA pariveza kI sandarbha purassara vyAkhyA ke sthAna para kevala vAtAvaraNa ke saurabha kA hI niyojana mahAkAvyoM ke vastu varNanoM meM isa prakAra kA vyApaka camatkAra nihita rahatA hai, jisase pAThaka ghaTanAoM aura pAtroM ke sAtha sAdhAraNIkaraNa ko prApta ho jAtA hai| bhAva kisI pAtravizeSa ke na hokara janasAdhAraNa ke bana jAte hai, para bhaTTAraka-yuga ke carita-kAvyoM meM sAdhAraNIkaraNa kI prakriyA yathocita rUpa meM ghaTita nahIM ho sakI hai| isakA pradhAna kAraNa yahI hai ki usa yuga ke kaviyoM ne kAvya kA vAtAvaraNa na upasthita kara sIdhe kathA kA hI dhArambha kara diyA hai| phalataH kAvya rasa ke sthAna para pAThaka ko paurANika kathA kA rasa hI upalabdha ho pAtA hai / (4) kathAvastu ke pravAha evaM usakI mArmikatA ke nirvAha ke hetu kathAnaka gaThana meM saghanatA ke sthAna

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bhaTTAraka yugIna jaina saMskRta-sAhitya kI pravRttiyA~ 113 para zithilatA hI samAviSTa hai / kathAnaka meM jisa rakSA kI hai| pAThaka eka sAtha udAttacarita, bhakti prakAra kI zrRMkhalA morakrama baddhatA carita-kAvya ke pora bAritra prApta kara letA hai| liye apekSita hai, usakA samAveza isa yuga meM na (6) dArzanika sidhAntoM kI vyAkhyA bhora ho skaa| vizleSaraNa bhI sAmAnyarUpa meM nihita haiM,prataH kathAnaka 1) mAsmotthAna yA caritotthAna ke mUla kI rocakatA akSaNNa hai| siddhAntoM ko kAvya zailI meM rakhane kA prayAsa / varNanoM aura kArya vyApAroM ke vaiviSya ke prabhAvoM meM paurANika carita kAvyoM kI pravRtti kA mArambha ukta siddhAnta kAvyarUpa meM upasthita na hokara bhaTTAraka yuga meM kavi vardhamAna ke barAMgacarita se dharmazAstra ke rUpa meM hI pratusta hue haiN| prema, hotA hai / prArambhika paura bhaTTAraka yugIna isa pravRtti vivAha, misana, rAjyAbhiSeka, sainika-prasthAna, kA antara isa kAvya meM suspaSTa rUpa meM milatA hai| nagarAvarodha, yuddha, dIkSA, tapazcaraNa prAdi kA bhAvu- carita vizlepaNa kI zailI kA rUpAntara yahIM se katApUrNa varNana na hokara kevala kathAtmaka varNana bhaTTAraka ke varAGgacarita se hotA hai| inakA samaya hamA hai| karmaphala kI anivAryatA dikhalAne ke liye I0 san 1363 hai / ' pora ye dazabhaktyAdi mahAjanma-janmAntaroM kI kathAe bhI calate rUpa meM hI zAstra ke racayitA vardhamAna muni se bhinna haiM / isa prAyojita haiN| mahAkAvya meM 123 sarga aura 1145 padya haiN| 2 (6) caritra kAvyoM kA uddezya ratnatraya ko kavi ne anuSTup zlokoM meM 1383 zloka saMkhyA sAdhanA dikhalAnA hai| prArambha se hI isa vidhA ke batAyI hai / isa yuga ke carita kAvyoM meM yaha uttama lekhakoM ne ukta uddezya ko caritArtha kiyA hai| racanA hai / isa pravRtti ke anusaraNakartA kaI bhaTTAraka yuga ke kavi bhI carita kA udghATana rala- bhaTTAraka haiM / traya ke paripArzva meM karate rahe haiM / antara itanA hI vikrama ko pandrahavIM zatI meM bhaTTAraka sakalakIti rahA hai ki candraprabhacarita, pradhumnacarita prAdi grantha ne zAntinAtha carita, varddhamAnacarita, mallinAtha meM lakSaNa aura vyaJjanA ke prAdhAra para hI ratnatraya carita, dhanyakumAra carita, 3 sudarzana carita, 4 kI vyAkhyA prastuta kI thI; kintu bhaTTAraka yuga jamva svAmI carita aura zrIpAla carita kI racanA kI racanAmoM meM abhidhA pAkti kI hI mukhyatA hai| kI hai| ve sabhI paurANika carita kAvya haiN| inameM purAtana kathAnakoM kI punarAvRtti hone bhora kAvyaguNoM na to vastuvyApAra varNanoM kA vistAra hai aura na ke kSaNa hone ke kAraNa uzya kI vyaJjamA marmasparzI sandoM kI yojanA hI / kathA jIvana kAvyarUpa meM na ho skii| vyApI hai avazya, para usakA pravAha usa pahAr3I nadI (7) sandarbha aura pAkhyAnoM meM bahuta kama kI tejadhArA ke samAna hai, jo zIghra hI sthala ko navInatA kA samAveza hone se zailI meM camatkAra prAptakara letI hai / isI zatAbdI meM brahmajinadAsa paura mAkarSaNa kI kamI hai| itane para bhI kathArasa ne rAmacarita aura hanumaccarita kI racanA kI hai| kI sarasatA ne paritakAvya meM pravAha guNa kI pUrNa solahavIM zatI meM brahma nemidatta ne sudarzana carita, 1-jaina zilA lekha saMgraha prathama bhAga, bhAriNakacanda di. jaina granthamAlA, bambaI san 1928 I. da.223 2-rAMga caritra, solApura, san 1927 10 3-4mAnavarita aura sUdarzanaparita-rAvajI ekhArAma dozI, solApura dvArA kramazaH vI0 mi. sa. 245 aura pI. ni.sa. 2453 meM prakAzita / --

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti pratha 114 zrIpAla carita, dhanyakumAra carita aura prItikara mahAmuni carita kA praNayana kiyA hai| isI sadI meM zubhacandra dvitIya dvArA candraprabha carita, padmanAbha carita, jovandhara carita, zreNika carita bhaura karakaNDucarita kI racanA sampanna huI hai| anya carita kAvyoM meM bhAvadeva sUri kA pArzva nAtha carita, ( I0 san 1355 ), jayasiMha kA kumArapAla bhUpAla carita (san 1365 I0), padmanandi kA mAna carita ( I0 san kI caudahavIM zatI ), muni bhadra kA zAntinAtha carita ( I0 san kI codahavIM zatI), pUrNa bhadra ke dhanyazAlibhadra carita aura kRtapuNya carita ( I0 san terahavIM zata), dharmadhara kA nAgakumAra carita ( san 1454 I0 ), doDayya kavi kA bhujabali carita ( solahavIM zatI), jayatilaka ke sulasA carita aura hari vikrama carita ( san 1346 - 1413 I0 ), vAdicandra kA subhaga sulocanA carita ( san 1555 I0 ke lagabhaga ), jagannAtha kA suSeNa carita (san 1643 I0), padamasundara ke pArzvanAtha carita aura jambU carita ( vikrama 17vIM zatI) evaM somakIti ke prathamna carita aura yazodhara carita prasiddha paurANika carita kAvya haiN| paurANika carita kAvya kI pravRtti kA vistAra bhaTTAraka yuga meM khUba huA hai / yazodhara ke prAkhyAna ko lekara sundara carita kAvya likhe gaye haiN| ahiMsA dharma aura karmasaMskAroM kI prabalatA kA vizleSaNa karane ke lie hanumAna, sudarzana, zrIpAla auaura yazodhara kI kathA vastu meM kATa-chAMTa kara paurANika carita kAvyoM kA praNayana isa yuga kI eka pramukha sAhityika pravRtti hai / 2. laghuprabandha kAvya jina kAvyoM meM jIvana vyApI kathA ke hone para bhI kathA vibhAjana ATha yA khaH sargoM se kama meM ho, 1 laghu prabandha kAvya kahalAte haiM / khaNDa yA jIvana ke kisI aMza vizeSa kI kathAvastu ke na hone se inheM khaNDa kAvya nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai / laghu prabandha kAvyoM meM sarva zreSTha udAharaNa vAdirAja kA yazodhara carita hai / hamAre prabhISTa yuga meM cAritra sundara gaNi kA mahIpAla caritra (15 vIM zatI), bhaTTAraka ratnacandra ke subhauma cakravartI carita, aura bhadrabAhu varita 2 (vi0 saM0 1683), mANikya deva ke manohara carita, municarita dhaura yazodhara carita (vi0 saM0 1327-1375) evaM maNDalAcArya dharmacandra kavi kA gautama carita 3 (vi0 saM0 1726 ) acche laghu prabandha kAvya haiN| isa pravRtti kI pramukha vizeSatA yaha hai ki sAnubandha kathAvastu ke rahane para bhI kalpanAzakti kA virAT rUpa evaM vibhinna mAnasika dazAeM prasphuTita nahIM ho pAtI haiM / laghu prabandha kAvya aura paurANika carita kAvyoM meM antara itanA hI hai ki paurANika carita kAvyoM meM yatratatra alaMkAra, prakRti citraNa, kathA vistAra evaM paurANika mAnyatAoM kA nirdeza upalabdha hotA hai, para laghu prabandha kAvyoM meM kevala kathA kA vistAra hI upalabdha hotA hai pralaMkAra aura vastuvarNana pratyanta saMkSepa meM prAMkita rahate haiN| kaviyoM ne prAyaH anuSTup chanda kA hI vyavahAra kiyA hai| kathA kA vibhAjana chaH sagaM yA isase kama hI sargoM meM pAyA jAtA hai / 3. dUta yA sandeza kAvya vipralambha gAra yA viraha kI pRSTha bhUmi ko lekara isa koTi ke kAvya likhe gaye haiM / jaina kaviyoM ne dUtakAvyoM meM zrRMgAra rasa ke vAtAvaraNa ko nayI kAvya paramparA dvArA nayI dizA aura nayA mor3a diyA hai| tyAga dhaura saMyama ko jIvana kA pAtheya samajhane vAle kaviyoM ne apanI saMskRti ke utaravoM tathA pArzvanAtha aura neminAtha tIrthaMkara 1 - hindI anuvAda sahita di0 jaina pustakAlaya sUrata se 1953 meM prakAzita 2 - hindI anuvAda sahita di0 jaina pustakAlaya sUrata se vI0 ni0 saM0 2476 meM prakAzita 3 - upayukta saMsthA dvArA bI0 ni0 saM0 2453 meM prakAzita -

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bhaTTAraka yugIna jaina saMskRta-sAhitya kI pravRttiyAM ke jIvanavRttoM ko ina kAvyoM meM maMkita kiyA hai| zAsana thaa| isa samaya gujarAta meM bhayaMkara durbhikSa vikrama kA nemidUta / (I. san 13 vIM zatI kA pdd'aa| rAjA vIsaladeva ke pAsa anna kA prabha va mantima caraNa). merutaga kA jainameSadata (sana thA; ataH prajA bhUkha se tar3apane lgii| jagadazAha ne 1346-1414 I0), cAritra sundara gaNi kA zola- annadAna dekara rAjA aura prajA kI rakSA kii| dUta (15 vIM zatI), vAdicandra sUri kA pavana nayacandra ke hammIrakAvya meM hammIra aura alAuddIna dUta' (17 vIM zatI), vinayavijaya gariNa kA khilajI ke bIca sampanna hue yuddha kI aitihAsika induta (18 vIM zatI), meghaviSaya kA meghadrata ghaTanA kA varNana hai| bhaTTArakoM dvArA biracita granthoM samasyA lekha (18vIM zatI) evaM ajJAta nAma kI prazastiyA~ bhI aitihAsika dRSTi se kama mahattvavAle kavi kA ghetodUta' prApya hai| vimalakItti pUrNa nahIM haiN| prAyaH pratyeka kAvya yA purANa ke garaNa kA candradUta bhI. ukta vidhA sambandhI racanA anta meM mAMkita prazasti meM prAcAryoM aura paTToM kA hai / ina samasta sandeza kAvyoM meM sAhityika saundarya itihAsa pAyA jAtA hai / bhaTTArakoM dvArA nivaDa ke sAtha jIvA vyApI satyoM kI abhivyaJjanA huI paTTAvaliyAM aura gurvAvaliyAM bhI aitihAsika tathyoM hai| zIla, saMyama, tapa, tyAga, bhAvazuddhi aura sAdhanA kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa haiM / ardha aitihAsika tathyoM kA samanvaya ina kAvyoM meM pAyA jAtA hai / ghora se yukta devadatta dIkSita kRta svarNAcala mahAtmya zrRMgAra kI dhArA ko vairAgya kI ora mor3a denA (vi0 saM0 1845) kA antima pradhyAya bhI sAdhAraNa pratibhA kA kArya nahIM hai| bhadrAraka paramparA kA itihAsa pravagata karane ke lie upayogI hai| 4. prabandhAtmaka prazastimUlaka aitihAsika sAhitya 5. sandhAna kAvya aitihAsika tathyoM kA prAdhAra grahaNa kara saMskRta bhASA meM eka hI vastu ke aneka paryAyakAvya likhane kI paripATI saMskRtakAvyaparamparAmoM vAcI zabda aura eka hI zabda ke aneka prartha pAye meM koI nabIna nahIM hai / bhaTrAraka aura kaviyoM ne jAte haiM / sandhAnAtmaka kAvyoM ke sAtha anekA apane pAzrayadAtA athavA ananya bhaktoM kI kItti ko yakastotra bhI isa yuga meM race gye| kahA jAtA hai ki akSuNNa banAye rakhane ke lie unake tathya pUrNa eka bAra samrATa akabara kI vidvatsabhA meM janoM ke jIvanavRttoM ko rocaka bhASA meM nibaddha kiyA hai. kavi 'egassa suttasta mananto pratyo' vAkya kA kisI ne sarvAnanda ne apane jagaha carita meM batAyA hai ki upahAsa kiyaa| yaha bAta mahopAdhyAya samayasundara vi0 saM0 1312-1315 meM gujarAta meM bIsaladeva, ko burI lagI aura unhoMne ukta sUtravAkya kI mAlavA meM madanabarmA bhora kAzI meM pratApasiMha kA sArthakatA batalAne ke lie 'rAjAno dadate saukhyam' 4-jaina presa, koTA, vi0 saM0 2005 meM prakAzita 5-na mAtmAnanda sabhA. bhAvanagara.vi0 saM0 1980 meM prakAzita 6-yazovijaya prayayAlA, vArANasI 7-hiMdI jaina sAhitya prasAraka kAryAlaya, bambaI, san 1914 -jaina sAhitya varSaka sabhA, zirapura (pazcima khAnadeza) vi0 saM0 1946 -na pAtmAnaMda sabhA, bhAvaganara, vi0 saM0 1970 10-upayukta saMsthA dvArA vi.saM. 1980 meM prakAzita 11-mAtmAnanda jaina sabhA, pambAlA siTI, 1925 I.

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116 bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti maMtha . ke 1.22407 artha kiye / vi0 saM0 1646 kavi kA praznottara mAlA kAvya aura dibAkara muni zrAvaNa zuklA trayodazI ko jaba samrATa ne kAzmIra kA bhRgAravairAgyataraMgiNI kAvya (15 bI pAtI) kA prathama prayAsa kiyA to usane prathama zivira rucikara racanAeM haiN| bhaTTAraka saphalabhUSaNa viracita rAjA zrI rAmadAsa kI vATikA meM sthApita kiyaa| upadezaratnamAlA meM tapa, dAna, pUjA, svAdhyAya prAdi yahAM sandhyA ke samaya vidvatsabhA ekatra huI jisameM kA sundara citraNa kiyA gayA hai| unakA samaya samrATa akabara, zAhajAdA salIma, aneka sAmanta, vi. saM.kI 15vIM zato hai / jayasena sarikata kavi, vaiyAkaraNa evaM tArkika vidvAn sammilita dharmaralAkara bhI sUktikAmya hai / kulabhadra kA sArathe / kavivara samayasundara ne apanA yaha grantha par3ha- samuccaya, dharmanIti pradhAna sUktikAvya hai / kavi ne kara sunAyA jise sunakara sabhI sabhAsada mAzcarya nIti aura jJAna kI bAteM marmasparzI zailI meM vyakta cakita hue| kavi ne ukta proM meM se asambhava yA kI haiM:yojanAviruddha par3ane vAle proM ko nikAlakara isa nAstikAmasamo vyAdhirnAsti moha samo ripuH / prantha kA nAma 'praSTalakSI' rakhA / meghavijayagaNi nAsti krodhasamo banhirnAsti jJAnasamaM sukham // 27 // kA 'saptasandhAna, kAvya bhI isa yuga ko amUlya viSayoragadaSTasya kaSAya viSamohitaH / racanA hai / bhaTTArakoM ne sandhAnAtmaka-kAvya pravRtti saMyamo hi mahAmantrastrAtA sarvatradehinAm // 30 // kA anusaraNa nahIM kiyA hai| dharmAmRtaM sadA peyaM duHkhAtavinAzanam / -sUkti-sAhitya-pravRtti--upadeza, nIti aura yasmin pIte paraM saukhyaM jIvAnAM jAyate sadA // 63 // prema sambandhI kAvyoM ko sUkti yA subhASita kAvya kahA jAtA hai| lokavRtta athavA naitika zikSA kA 7. stotra aura pUjA-bhakti sAhityanirUpaNa kAvya kI anuraMjanakAriNI bhASA meM bhaTTAraka-yuga meM isa zreNI ke sAhitya kA sampanna hone se yaha kAvyavidyA bhI sahRdayoM ko sarvAdhika sRjana huA hai| isa prakAra ke sAhitya meM apanI mora prAkRSTa karatI hai / zarkarAmizrita paramAtmA, parameSThI yA anya devI devatAmoM kA prauSadhi ke samAna kAvya camatkAra utpanna karanA stavana, pUjana yA bhakti pAkhyAna variNata rahate haiN| sUkti kAvya kA lakSya hotA hai / yoM to mukti kAvya jaina darzana meM bhakti kA rUpa dAsya, satya aura mAdhurya ke aneka bheda-prabheda kiye jA sakate haiM, para pradhAna bhAva se bhinna hai| kyoMki koI bhI sAdhaka apanI rUpa se dhAmika muktikAvya, naitika sUktikAvya cikanI cupar3I prazaMsAtmaka bAtoM dvArA vItarAgI aura kAma yA prema paraka sUktikAvya ye tIna usake prabhU ko prasanna kara unakI prasannatA se apane kisI upabheda haiM / ina kAvyoM meM lokavRttAnukUla upadeza evaM lokika yA alaukika kArya ko siddha karane kA aihika jIvana ko mukhI banAne vAle siddhAnta kAyya uddezya nahIM rakhatA hai aura na parama vItarAgI deva camatkAroM ke sAtha nibaddha rahate haiN| sUktiyoM meM ke sAtha yaha ghaTita hI ho sakatA hai| yataH vItaisa kI samasta vizeSatAeM aura camatkRti ke samasta rAgI mAtmAnoM kI upAsanA yA bhakti kA upakaraNa samAhita pAye jAte haiM / zabda-camatkAra pAlambana pAkara mAnava kA paMcala cita kSaraNabhara ke aura arthacamatkAra kA jo samavAya mUktiyoM meM liye sthira ho jAtA hai aura dhArAvya ke guNoM kA upalabdha rahatA hai vaha prabandha meM nahIM / hamAre isa smaraNa kara bhakta apane bhItara bhI unhIM guNoM ko abhISTayuga meM arhadAsa kA bhavyajanakaNThAbharaNa vikasita karane kI preraNA prApta karatA hai| isa (13 vI zasI), somaprabha kA sUktimuktAvali kAvya yuga meM mahAkavi prAzAdhara kA jinayajJakalpa ( 13vIM (13 vIM zatI), padyAnanda kA vairAgyazataka, vimala zatI), brahmajinakSasa kI jammUdIpa pUjana, anantavrata

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bhaTTAraka yugInaM jaina saMskRta-sAhitya kI pravRttiyA~ 117 pUjana, meghamAlodyApana pUjana, ( 15vIM zatI ); praha- ina nATakoM meM navIna zailI yA navIna bhAvoM kA zrutasAgara kA ataskandha pUjana (16vIM zatI) samAveza nahIM ho sakA hai| guNacandra kA anantajinayata pUjana ( 17vIM zatI) / 1. caritra yA prAcAramUlaka dhArmika sAhityazivarAja kA SaTcaturviMzatijinArcana (17vIM zatI) pravRtticandrakIti ke paMcameru pUjana, anantavata pUjana aura / nandIzvara vidhAna (17vIM zatI) vidyAbhUSaNa ke isa pravRtti ke sAhitya-nirmAtAoM meM bhaTTAraka RSi maNDala pUjana, bRhat kaliMkuNDa pUjana aura sakalakIti, zubhacandra, sakalabhUSaNa, jJAnabhUSaNa, dharmakIti, medhAvI, somakIti, rAyamalla nemidatta, siddhacakra mantroddhAra stavana pUjana (17vIM zatI) budhavIru ke dharmacakra pUjana aura bRhat cakra pUjana jinadAsa aura jJAnakokti prAdi pramukha haiN| isa pravRtti meM zrAvakAcAra yA cAritrotthAnaka tattvajJAna (16vIM zatI) vizvasena kA SaNNavati kSetrapAla pajana (16vIM zatI) sakala kIti ke paMcaparameSThi sambandhI racanAe~ pAtI haiN| 'ralakaraNDa zrAvakA cAra' ke anukaraNa para adhikAMza racanAe~ nimita pUjana, aSTAnhikA pUjana, poThazakAraNa pUjana, aura huI haiN| paNDita prAzAdhara jaise svatantra-cintaka gaNadharavalaya pUjana ( 16vIM zatI ) evaM akSayarAma manISI bhI isa pravRtti ke anusaraNakartA haiM / inake kA caturdazIvratodyApana pUjana (19vIM zatI) sAgAradharmAmRta aura pranagAradharmAmRta isa yuga kI ullekhya haiN| stotroM meM padmanandi ke bItarAga stotra, pratinidhi racanAeM haiN| anya racanAoM meM sakalazAntijina stotra, rAvaNa pArzvanAtha stotra aura kIti ke dharma-praznottara zrAvakAcAra aura mUlAcAra jIrAvalI pArzvanAtha stavana ( 15vIM zatI ) brahma pradIpa ( 15vIM sadI ) brahmanemidatta kA dharmopadeza zu tasAgara ke pArzvanAtha stavana paura zAntinAtha pIyUSavarSI zrAvakAcAra (16vIM sadI ) padmanandI stavana (16vIM zatI ) jinaprabhamUri ke siddhAntAgama kA zrAvakAcAra sArodvAra (14voM sado) amradeva stava, pArzva stava, gautama stava, vIra stava, catu kA vratodyotana zrAvakAcAra (anumAnataH 14-15vI vizatijina stava, nirvANakalyANa stava, RSabhajina zatI) narendrasena kA siddhAntasAra (anumAnataH stavana, ajitajina stavana, nemi stavana, zrI mantra 13-14vI zatI) gobinda kA puruSArthAnuzAsana stavana, zrI zAradA stavana aura zAntijina stavana (15vIM zatI) zubhacandra kA pradhyAtma taraGgiNI (14vIM zatI ) evaM sakalakItti kA paramAtmarAja grantha (16voM rAto) jJAnabhUSaNa ke siddhAntasAra, stotra ( 15 vIM zatI) pramukha haiM / vratodyApana evaM paramArthopadeza aura prAtmasambodhana ( 13vIM sadI) vrata vidhAna sambandhI racanAeM bhI isa yuga meM evaM soma mena kA trivarNAcAra ullekhya haiN| nirmita huI hai| 10. samatyApUAtmaka sAhitya8. nATaka __bhaTTAraka-yuga meM zvetAmbara kaviyoM ne samasyAjaina saMskRta-sAhitya meM rUpakoM kA vikAsa patti ko lekara kaI sundara kAmya granthoM kA praNayana navamIM zatI se hamA hai| mATakoM ke vikAsa kA kiyA hai| kavi meghavijayagagi ne naiSadha mahAdRSTi se san 600-1300 I. taka svarNakAla kAvya ke prathama sarga ke sampUrNa zlokoM kI samasyAmAnA jA sakatA haiM / bhaTTAraka-yuga meM likhe gaye pUti kara zAntinAtha carita kI racanA kI hai / nATakoM meM bAdicandra kA jJAnasUryodaya (vikrama isa kAmya ke prathama caraNa meM naiSadha ke prathama caraNa saMvat 1948, mAgha zuklA aSTamI ) aura yazacandra ko, dvitIya caraNa ko, tRtIya ko tRtIya caraNa meM kA mudrita kumudacandra prasiddha haiN| yaha satya hai ki aura caturtha meM caturtha caraNa ko niyojita kara

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti grantha 118 sampUrNa prathama sarga ko samAviSTa kara diyA hai / isa kAvya meM yaha sarga haiN| isI kavi ne mAgha kAvya ke 'pratyeka zloka kA antima caraNa lekara aura tIna pAda svayaM naye racakara vijayadevasUri ke afrata ko nibaddha kara devAnanda kAvya kA praraNamana kiyA hai / kavi ne mAgha ke caraNoM kA nayA hI artha nikAlA hai| mASa meM jahA~ jahA~ zloka ke prathama, dvitIya, tRtIya aura caturtha caraNa meM yamaka hai vahA~ vahA~ samasyApUrtikAra ne yamaka rakhakara bar3I caturAI se paryAnusandhAna kiyA hai| bhaTTAraka kaviyoM ne bhaktAmara stotra aura kalyANa mandira stotra kI samasyA pUttiyAM kI haiM / 11. nyAya darzana viSayaka pravRtti bhaTTAraka yuga meM prameyaratnamAlA aura tasvArthasUtra para vRttiyAM likhane ke sAtha-sAtha nyAya aura darzana viSayaka ekAdha svatantra racanA bhI likhI gaI hai | bhaTTAraka dharmabhUSaraNayati kA nyAyadIpikA grantha bahuta hI upayogI aura sAragarbhita hai / bhaTTAraka pramocandra kA tatvArtharatnaprabhAkara ( 15 vIM zatI) tasvArthabodha ke liye pravezadvAra hai / bhaTTAraka zubhacandra kA saMzayavadanavidAraNa aura kAraNa ragacchIya zubhacandra kA paDdarzana pramANaprameyAnupraveza jaina nyAya kI sundara racanAeM haiM / 12. saMhitA vipayaka vividha sAhitya jaina sAhitya meM do prakAra ke jIvana mUlya dRSTi gocara hote haiM / prathama ve jIvana mUlya haiM jo bhautika, zArIrika sampatti tathA sukhabhoga ke tyAga se sambandha rakhate haiM aura dUsare aihika sukhabhoga ke sAdhanoM ko prApta karane ke liye tantra-mantra jyotiSa evaM zrArAdhanA ke upayoga para jora dete haiM / prakAntAtmaka jaina dRSTi ukta donoM prakAra ke jIvana-mUlyoM kA samanvaya prastuta kara antima lakSya tyAga yA nivRtti ko hI mahatva detI hai / vijayapa ke bhAI nemicandra kA pratiSThA tilaka ( prAnanda saMvatsara (vi0 saM0 13 vIM sadI ) vijayapa ke putra samantabhadra kA kevalajJAna praznacUr3AmaNi (13 vI zatI) prakalaMka deva kI prakalaMka sahitA (pranumAnasaH 15 vIM zatI) mASanandi kI mAdhanandi saMhitA ( anumAnataH 13-14 vI zatI) siMhanandi kA vratatithi nirNaya ( 17 vI zatI) candrasena suni kA kevalajJAna horA (dhanumAnataH 16 vIM zatI) bhadrabAhu saMhitA ( 15 vIM zatI) malliSeraNa ke kAma cANDAlI kalpa, jvAlAmAlinI kalpa maura bhairava padmAvatI kalpa (13 bIM zatI) dharmadeva kA zAntika vidhi grantha ( 15 vIM zatI) aimpapArya kA jinendra kalyANAbhyudaya ( vi0 saM0 1376 siddhArtha saMvatsara) isa pravRtti kI pratinidhi racanAeM haiM / yantra-mantroM ke kaI saMgraha bhI isa yuga ke bhaTTArakoM ne likhe haiM / jaina siddhAnta bhavana dvArA ne yantra-mantra saMgraha mantra anuSThAna evaM mantra samuccaya prabhRti kaI kaI racanAe upalabdha haiN| ina racanAoMoM ke racayitAoM ke sambandha meM itivRtta upalabdha nahIM haiM / 13. purANa aura kathA sAhitya - isa pravRtti kA pUrNa vikAsa bhaTTAraka-yuga meM huA hai / zruta sAgara sUri kI SoDazakAraNa kathA, muktAvali kathA, merupaMktikathA, lakSaNa paMkti kathA, meghamAlA, saptaparamasthAna, ravivAra, candanavaSThi, prAkAzapaMcamI, puSpAMjali, ni.zatya saptamI, zrAvaNa dvAdazI, ratnatraya prAdi 23 vrata-kathAeM inake vratakathAkoSa meM nibaddha haiM / zrutasAgara uttamazreNI ke kathAkAra haiN| inakA samaya vi0 saM0 1500-1575 ke madhya hai / kavi jinadAsa kA vrata kathA koSa (15-16 vIM zatI) brahmanemidatta kA prArAdhanA kathAkoSa (16 vIM zatI) aura lalita kIti kI nandIzvaravrata kathA, anantavrata kathA, sugandha dazamI kathA, ratnatraya vrata, prAkAza paMcamI kathA, dhanakalaza kathA, nirdoSa saptamI kathA. labdhi vidhAna kathA, purandara kathA, karmanirjarA kathA, mukuTa saptamI kathA, caturdazI kathA, daza lakSaNa vrata kathA, puSpAMjalivrata kathA, akSaya nidhi dazamI kathA niHzalyASTamI vrata vidhAna kathA, sapta paramasthAnakayA tathA SaTarasa kathAeM ullekhanIya haiN| inakA

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bhaTTAraka yugIna jaina saMskRta-sAhitya kI pravRttiyA~ samaya anumAnataH vikrama kI 19 vIM zatI hai / arrer kI maunavrata kathA ( 17vI zatI) somakIrti kI saptavyasana kathA samuccaya ( 16vIM zatI) bhI isa yuga kI pratinidhi racanAeM haiN| purANoM meM kezava sena kA karNAmRta purANa ( mAgha vi0 saM0 1688), sakalakIrti kA pArzvanAtha purANa (16vIM zatI) brahma kAmarAja kA jayapurANa (vi0 saM0) 1560, zubhacandra kA pANDava purANa (vi0 saM0 1608) brahma kRSNadAsa kA munisuvrata purANa (17vIM sadI) zivarAma kA bhraSTama jinapurANa saMgraha (17vIM sadI) candrakIti ke pArzvapurANa aura RSabhapurANa, zrIbhUSaNa ke pANDava purANa zAMtinAtha purANa vaMza purANa ( 17vIM sadI) dharmakItti kA padmapurANa evaM praruNamaNi kA ajitanAthapurANa (18vIM zatI), sundara paurANika kRtiyA~ haiM / 14. TIkA TipparaNa viSayaka sAhitya - bhaTTAraka yuga meM TIkA TippaNa viSayaka sAhitya pravRtti kA paryApta pallavana humA hai / sahasrakIti kI trilokasAra TIkA (15vIM zatI) prAzAdhara kI bhUpAlacatuvizati TIkA aura mUlarAdhanA darparaNa (13vIM zatI) somadeva kI tribhaMgosAra TIkA (17vIM zatI) nemicandra kI dvisandhAna kAvya kI padakaumudI TIkA (17vIM sadI) zubhacandra kI svAmi kArttikeyAnuprekSA saMskRta TIkA (vi0 saM0 1613 ) aura pAzrvanAtha kAvya paMjikA, yogadeva kI sukhabodha vRtti ( 17vIM sadI) jJAnabhUSaraNa aura sumatikIti kI karmakANDa TIkA (15vIM zatI) jJAna bhUSaraNa kI nemi nirvANa paMjikA (16vIM zatI) kamala kIrti kI tasvasAra TIkA (16vIM sadI) zrIdeva kI yazodhara kAvya paMjikA (15vIM sadI) kASThAnvayI prabhAcandra kI tasvArtharana prabhAkara TIkA ( 15vI sadI ) paNDita prabhAcandra kI paMcAstikAya pradIpa aura dravyasaMgraha- vRtti evaM tor3Anagara ke rAjA mAnasiMha ke maMtrI vAdirAja kI vAgbhaTAlaMkAra pravari 116 kavicandrikA (vi0 saM0 1429) prasiddha TokA racanAeM haiM / zrutasAgara sUri ne isa yuga meM yazastilaka 'candrikA tatvArthavRtti' jinasahasranAma TIkA, mahAbhiSeka TIkA, SaTapAhuDa TIkA, siddhabhakti TIkA, siddhacakASTa TIkA aura tatvatraya prakAzikA ye bhATha prasiddha TIkAeM likhI haiM / dharmazarmAbhyudaya zrIra candraprabhacarita para TippaNa bhI isa yuga meM likhe gaye haiM / 15. koSa, chanda aura alaGkAra alaMkAra, chanda aura koSa Adi viSayoM para isa yuga meM alpa racanAeM ho prastuta huI haiM / zrIdhara kA vizvalocana koSa (16 vIM zatI) koSa viSayaka uttama racanA hai / yaha apane viSaya meM bhramara koSa aura medinI se bhI uttama evaM bahumUlya kRtimAna jA sakatI hai / alaMkAra grantha meM vijayakIti ke ziSya vijayavargI kI zrRMgArAva candrikA (dhanumAnataH 13-14 vIM zatI) amRtanandi kA pralaMkAra saMgraha ( 13 vIM zatI), ajitasena kA alaMkAra cintAmariNa grantha ( 14vIM zatI), abhinava vAgbhaTa kA kAvyanuzAsana ( 14 vIM zatI) evaM bhAvadeva kA kAvyAlaMkAra sAra (15 vIM zatI) zra eSTha alaMkAra racanAeM haiN| chanda viSaya para vAgbhaTa kI eka racanA chando'nuzAsana nAma kI upalabdha hai / yaha racanA kAvyAnuzAsana ke pUrva meM hI likhI gaI hai / isa chanda grantha meM saMjJAdhyAya, samavRttAkhya, prardhasamavRttAkhya mAtrAmaka aura mAtrA chandaka ye pAMca adhyAya haiN| maMgalAcaraNa meM likhA hai: vibhuM nAmeyamAnamya chandasAmanuzAsanam / zrI mannemikArasyAtmajo'haM vacmi vAgbhaTaH / isa prakAra bhaTTAraka yuga meM vibhinna sAhityika pravRttiyoM kA vikAsa hotA rahA / grantha bAhulya kI dRSTi se to isa yuga kA mahatva hai hI, para vividha viSayaka racanAoM kI dRSTi se bhI isa yuga kA kama mahatva nahIM / 11:11

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anTAdaza purANeSu, vyAsasya vacanadvayam / paropakAraH puNyAya, pApAya parapIDanam / / artha-maharSi vyAsa ne apane aThAraha purANoM meM kevala do hI bAta kahI haiM / paropakAra se puNya hotA hai aura dUsaroM ko kaSTa dene se pApa hotA hai|

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paMcakalyANaka tithiyoM aura nakSatra bhI milApacadrajI kaTAriyA, kekar3I pIkaroM kI paMcakalyANakatithiyAM laMbe usameM garbhakalyANaka kI tithiyeM na honese isameM bhI // prarase se gar3abar3a meM calI pA rahI haiN| nahIM haiM / isa saMbhAvanA kI puSTi isase bhI hotI hai ina tithiyoM kI upalabdhi ke khAsa sthAna pUjApATha ki isahI harivaMzapurANa parva 16 meM bhagavAn ke natha haiN| kiMtu saMskRta meM likhI bIvIsatIrthakaroM munisuvrata kA caritra likhA hai vahAM unake kalyANakoM kI-pUjAyeM to pracalita haiM nahI, hiMdI padyoM meM racI kI jo tithiyeM dI haiM ve isake 6.3 parva meM dI huI bhASApUjAmoM kA hI isa samaya adhika pracAra hai| munimuvrata kI kalyANaka tithiyoM se nahIM milatI ina bhASApUjAmoM meM ullikhita kaI paMcakalyANaka- hai| yathAtithiyeM prApasameM eka dUsare se milatI nahIM haiM / yaha parva 60 meMto nizcita hai ki bhASApUjAmoM meM dI huI sithiyoM dIkSAtithi-vaizAkhabuda 6 (zloka-226) ke prAdhAra koI pracIna saMskRtaprAkRta ke pratha rahe jJAnatithi-phAguNabuda 6 (zloka-257) haiN| isaliye hama bhI prakRtaviSaya meM bhASApUjAnoM ko mokSatithi-phAguNabuda 12 (zloka-267) eka tarapha rakhakara isa saMbaMdha ke anya prAcIna janmatithi-pAsojasuda 12 (zloka-175) saMskRtaprAkRta ke graMthoMpara vicAra karanA ucita samajhate haiN| parva 16 meMhamArI jAnakArI meM ina tithiyoM ke prAcIna kAtI suda 7 (loka-12) magasarasuda 5 (zloka 64) ullekha trilokaprazapti, harivaMzapurANa aura uttara mAghasuda 13 (zloka-76) purANa ina 3 graMthoMme milate haiM / kiMtu tInoM hI mAghasuda 12 (zloka-12) graMthoMkI kaI tithiyeM bhI Apasa meM milatI nahIM haiN| inameM se trilokaprApti maura harivaMzapurANa meM sirpha isa prakAra eka hI prakAra ke eka hI paMcameM cAra hI kalyANakoM kI tithiyAM dI haiM, garbhakalyA- munisuvrata ke kalyANakoM kI bhinna bhinna tithiyoM eka kI tithiyoM kA koI ullekha hI nahIM hai| na kA kathana honA vidvAnoM ke socane kI cIja hai| jAne isakA kyA kAraNa hai / para harivaMzapurANa meM aisA bhI hai ki usake 60 veM parva meM jahAM ki tIrthaMkaroM harivaMzapurANa ke 60veM parva meM jisa prakAra ke aneka jJAtamya viSayoM kA vivaraNa diyA hai vahAM / sIkaroM ke aneka jJAtavya viSayoM kA vivaraNa to garbhakalyANaka kI tithiyoM kA yataI kathana nahIM diyA hai / usI prakAra padamapurANa parva 20 meM bhI hai| kiMtu isI prathameM jahAM RSabhadeva, munisuvrata, diyA hai| kiMtu padmapurANa meM vahAM kisI bhI naminAtha aura mahAvIra ina cAra tIrthakaroM kA tIyakarako kalyANaka tithiyoM kA koI ullekha caritra likhA hai vahAM ina kI garbhakI tithiye bhI ' nahIM hai| sirpha nakSatra diye haiN| lisadI haiN| isase aisA jAna par3atA hai ki 6 * ve paba hamako yaha dekhanA hai ki-kalyANakoM kI parvakA yaha kathana jinasena ne zAyada kisI anya pratha jo tithi ukta tInoM graMthoM meM bhinna bhinna rUpa se se prarya rUpa se jyoMkA tyoM udadhata kiyA hai| isaliye pAI jAtI haiN| unameM se kauna tithi pramANa yAnI

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122 bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti pranya sahI mAnI jAbe aura kauna nhiiN| isake liye nakSatra diye gaye haiN| garbhakalyANaka ke tithi nakSatra paura nahIM to bhI yaha to avazya vicAraNIya hai ki nahIM likhe haiM / isa prapa meM likhI tiSiyoM ke sAtha usa tithi ke sApa jo nakSatra likhA hai vaha usa aba hama isameM likhe nakSatroM kA milAna karate haiM to tithi se mela khAtA hai yA nhiiN| agara mela nahIM aneka jagaha tithiyoM ke sApa nakSatra nahIM milate khAtA hai to avazya hI yA to vaha tithi galata hai hai| namUne ke taura para nIce kI tAlikA dekhiyeyA vaha nakSatra galata hai / isameM koI saMdeha nhiiN| janma kalyANakakyoMki jyotiSazAstra kA yaha niyama hai ki hara saMbhavanAtha-magasara suda 15 jyeSThA / sumatimAthamAsa kI pUrNimA yA usake agale pichale dina meM bAvaraNa suda 11 maghA / usa mAsa kA nAma vAlA nakSatra jarUra bhAtA hai| dIkSA kalyANakajaise caitra mAsakI pUNimA yA usake agale pichale dharmanAtha-bhAdavAsuda 13 puSya / puSpadaMta-posa dina meM citrA nakSatra maavegaa| vaizAkha kI pUNimA sUda 11 anurAdhA / ko vizAkhA nakSatra praavegaa| jyeSThA kI pUrNimA jhAna kalyANaka-. ko jyeSThA nakSatra paavegaa| ityAdi / vAstava meM sumatinAtha-posa suda 15 hasta / vimalanAthamAsoM ke nAma hI mAsAMta meM mAne vAle nakSatroM ke posa suda 10 uttarASADha / kAraNa par3e haiM / jisa pUrNimA ko jo nakSatra hai usake prAge ke nakSatra jisa krama se unake nAma hai| mokSa kalyANakausI krama se agalI pratyeka tithi meM prAyaH pratyeka vimalanAtha-asADha muda 8 pUrvabhAdrapada / malli. nakSatra naMbara vAra mAtA jaavegaa| jaise caitra sada15 nAtha-phAgaNa buda 5 bhrnnii| ko citrA nakSatra hai to vaizAkha buda 10 ko yAtriloka prApti meM ria triloka prajJapti meM inake alAvA aura bhI usake agale pichale dina meM citrA ke bAda kA tithi nakSatra anamela hai| jinheM lekha vistAra ke 10 vA nakSatra zatabhiSA bhAvegA / isa hisAba se bhaya se yahAM hama likhanA nahIM cAhate / ukta sadA hI tithiyoM ke sAtha kinhI nizcita nakSatroM tithiyoM ke sAtha ukta nakSatroM kI saMgati kisI bhI kA sambandha pAyA jA sakegA / hA~ kabhI kabhI eka taraha nahIM baiTha sakatI hai| ataH triloka prApti kI yA do nakSatroM kA prAgA pIchA bhI ho sakatA hai| ye tithiyAM aura nakSatra paraspara avazya hI galata haiM isake lie koI sA bhI nayA purANA kisI bhI isameM koI sandeha nahIM hai / triloka prajJapti kI varSa kA paMcAMga uThAkara dekha lIjie / isa gaNanA tithiyoM ke galata hone meM eka dUsarA hetu bhI hai / ke anusAra hama jAna sakate hai ki pramuka mAsa kI vaha yaha hai ki triloka prajJapti meM thI mallinAtha pramuka tithi ko pramuka amuka nakSatra hI ho sakate svAmI kA dIkSA liye bAda chadamastha kAla 6 dina hai| dasare nhiiN| jabaki hamAre yahAM kalyANakoM kA batAyA hai| arthAta dIkSA liye bAda 6 dina meM kI haratithi ke sAtha nakSatra bhI diyA gayA hai to unako kevala jJAna hamA hai| kintu isI triloka isa kasoTIko lekara hama kyoM na jAMca karaleM ki prajJapti meM mallinAtha kI dIkSAtithi magasarasuda 11 kisa graMtha kI tithiyAM unake sAtha meM likhe nakSatroM kI aura kevala jJAna tithi phAgaNa buda bArasa kI se milatI hai aura kisakI nahIM ? ukta prathoM meM likhI hai| donoM meM prantara DhAI mAsa kA par3anA sabase prAcIna triloka prajJapti graMtha mAnA jAtA hai| hai jabaki antara par3anA cAhie 6 dina kA hii| prataH pahile isI ko jAMca karate haiM / isa graMtha meM isI taraha unameM likhA anya bhI kama tIrthaMkaroM kA cAra kalyANakoM kI tithiyAM aura unake sAtha yaha ghamasthakAla unakI tithiyoM ke sAtha mela nahIM

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paMcakalyAka tithiyoM aura nakSatra khAtA hai| triloka prazapti jaise prAcIna graMtha kA isa prakAra kA pUrvApara virodha kathana avazya hI cintanIya hai| isI taraha harivaMza purANa meM ullikhita tithinakSatra bhI kahIM kahIM dhanamela rahate haiN| jinakA vivaraNa sekhavRddhi ke bhaya se yahAM chor3A jAtA hai| harivaMzapurANa meM janma aura mokSa ina do kalyANakoM ke hI nakSatra diye haiN| zeSa kalyANakoM ke nakSatra zAyada isaliye nahIM diye ki unake nakSatra bhI ve hI haiM jo janma ke haiN| kalyANakoM ke nakSatroM kA anAyAsa hI kucha aisA yoga banagayA hai ki prAyaH pratyeka tIrthaMkara ke pAMcoM kalyANaka eka hI nakSatra meM hogaye haiM / jaise RSabhadeva ke sabhI kalyANaka uttarApATha meM huye haiN| ajitanAtha ke sabhI rohiNI meM huye haiM ityAdi / kahIM kucha mAmUlI pharka bhI jisakA vivaraNa lekhA ke anta meM diye nakze se jJAta kara sakate haiN| itImA vRSabhAdInAM puSyatkalyANamAlikAm karoti kaMThe bhUSAM yaH saH syAvAsAyareDitaH // 35 // 123 tithiyoM ke anukrama se kiyA hai jisase lipikAroM ke dvArA bhI koI galtI hone kI saMbhAvanA nahIM rahatI hai aura na kisI zabda ke vibhinna artha karane kI guMjAyA hI / isase nizcaya hI yaha paM0 prAzAvara kI kRti hai| isameM bhASAdhara ne paMcakalyANakoM kI jo mAsa pakSa tithiyA~ dI haiM meM saba uttarapurANa ke anusAra hI haiM aura khUbI yaha kI hai phi bana mAsa-pakSa ho kahIM 2 kalyANamAlA aura mudrita uttara purANa kI tithiyoM meM bhI kucha bhinnatA dRSTigocara hotI hai| usa para bhI yahAM vicAra kara lenA / samucita hai| donoM ko tithibhinnatA nimna prakAra hai caMdraprabha kA gokSa dharmanAtha kA garbha mallinAtha kA jJAna jaba hama AcArya guNabhadrakRta uttara purANa meM likhe tithi nakSatroM meM mela kI jAMca karate haiM to unheM hama eka dama sahI pAte haiN| yahAM tithiyoM ke sAtha jo nakSatra diye gaye haiM ve vyotiSa siddhAMta kI gaNanA ke anusAra barAvara baiThate cale jAte haiN| pArzvanAtha kahIM kucha bhI antara nahIM par3atA hai| ye mAsa pakSatithiyA~ itanI prAmANika hai ki paM0 prAzAghara jI ne inhIM ko apanAI hai| prazAdharajI ne eka kalyANamAlA nAmaka pustikA nirmANa kI hai jo sirpha 25 zloka pramANa hai| vaha mANika candra granthamAlA "siddhAMtasArAdisaMgraha" ke sAtha chapI hai / usakA dhantima padya yaha hai kA jJAna aranAtha kA garbha mudrita uttara purANa meM phAguNa suda 7 jyeSTA vaizAkha suda 13 revatI phAguNa buda 3 revatI magasara suda 11 tabuda 14 vizAlA kalpAraNamAlA meM phAguNa buda 7 vaizAkha buda 13 phAguNa suda 3 posa buda 2 tabuda 4 isameM se jo tithiyeM kalyANa mAlA kI haiM ve sahI haiN| kyoMki jo nakSatra Upara uttarapurANa meM diye haiM unakI saMgati kalyANamAlA kI tithiyoM ke sAtha baiThatI hai, mudrita usara purANa kI ukta tithiyoM ke sAtha nahIM / ataH utarapurANa kI ukta tithiyoM ke pratipAdaka zloka lipikAroM ke pramAda se zuddha likhane meM ghAgaye haiN| aisA jJAta hotA hai| isameM se zuklapakSa kA aMtara to ho jAnA ghAsAna hI hai aura jo mallinAtha ke jJAnakalyANa kI tithi / meM aMtara hai vahAM bhI posa buda 2 kI miti hI sahI hai kyoMki uttarapurANa meM mallinAtha kA saMyama avasthA kA dIkSA dina magasara suda 11 kA likhA

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti grantha / hai / prata dIkSA se 6 dina bAda posa buda 2 ko inhe! tithi nahIM likhI hai / aba rahI munisuvrata kI janmakevala jJAna hamA yaha siddha hotA hai dekho uttarapurAraNa tithi kI bAta so 3,5..18, 24 ina cAra tIrthaparva 66 phloka 51-52 / inakA hindI anuvAdakoM ke karoM ko chor3akara bAkI ke tIrthaMkaroM kI apanI saMgati pUrvaka ThIka artha nahIM dekara-janma kI taraha hI apanI tapa kI jo tithi hai vahI. janma kI tithi hai arthAt magasara sudI 11 partha kara diyA hai kintu isa taraha munisuvrata kI jo tapa kI tithi vaizAkha donoM zloka yugma haiM unakA artha yaha honA cAhie yudo 10 dI hai vahI janma tithi ho jAtI hai isalie ki janma kI taraha ke hI dinAdi (magasara sudI 11), use pralaga se nahIM diyA, ho|| meM chApasthya kAla ke 6 dina bItane para arthAt popa isa prakAra prAddha pAThoM kI vajaha se jo utara. vudI 2 ko kevala jJAna humaa| purANa kI kucha tithiyoM meM gar3abar3a par3I.haI thI ve rahA pArzvanAtha ke jJAna kalyANaka kI tithi zuddha to karalI gaI kintu phira bhI eka cIja kA meM aMtara so yahAM bhI mudrita uttarapurANa ke parva hala honA bAkI raha gayA ki uttara pUrANa kI 73 zloka 144 meM ullikhita caita budI 14 kI kucha eka tithiyoM kI saMgati unake sAtha meM likhe nakSatroM se nahIM baiThatI hai| nIce hama usI para miti vAlA "caturdazyAM" pATha azuddha hai isa tithi vivecana karate hai :ke sAtha vizAkhA nakSatra kA mela baiThatA nahIM hai isa vAste pATha bhI "caturyyA ca" cAhie ! caitabudI (1) praranAtha ke saba kalyANaka revatI nakSatra 4 ko vizAkhA nakSatra kI saMgati bhI bhalI prakAra meM hue haiM kintu jJAnapITha se prakAzita uttara purANa baiTha jAtI hai| pArzvanAtha ke sabhI kalyANaka parva 65 zloka 21-"mArgazIrSe site pakSe puSyavizAkhA nakSatra meM hue haiM ataH inake jJAna kalyANaka yoge caturdazI. arthAt praranAtha kA janma magasara meM bhI jo vizAkhA batAyA hai / vaha ThIka hai usakA sudI 14 puSya nakSatra meM likhA hai yahAM tithi ke mela cautha ke sAtha hI baiThatA hai 14 ke sAtha nahIM sAtha nakSatra kA mela baiThanA nahIM hai prataH yaha pATha prataH catabudI 14 hI jJAnakalyANaka kI tithi hai| prazuddha hai zuddha pATha 'puSyayoge' ke sthAna meM 'pUSa yoge' honA cAhie taba usakA artha revatI nakSatra isa prakAra kalyANa mAlA kI tithiyoM aura hotA hai kyoMki revatI' kA svAmI deva 'pUSA' mAnA uttara purANa kI tithiyoM meM jo mAmUlI phaka thA gayA hai| puSpadaMta kRta apabhrasa mahApurANa bhAga 2 vaha bhI raphA hokara donoM prathoM ko saba hI tithiyAM pR. 328 para bhI "pUsa joi cau daha mai bAsari" barAbara barAbara mila jAtI haiM / mudrita uttara pATha diyA hai aura TippaNa meM bhI "pUsa joi kA purANa meM saMbhavanAtha kI dIkSA tithi aura muni- artha "revatI" nakSatra hI kiyA hai| sUtrata kI janma tithi kA ullekha nahIM hai aisA hastalikhita pratiyoM meM ukta tithi sUcaka pATha chUTa jAne yahAM yaha bAta dhyAna meM rakhane kI hai ki uttara se huA hai| varnA guNa bhadra svAmI ne jaba sabakIhI purANa meM sabhI tIrthaMkaroM ke janma kalyANa ke kalyANaka tithiyeM dI haiM to ve ina do tithiyoM ko na nakSatra batAte hue nakSatra kA nAma na likhakara usake deM aisA kaise ho sakatA hai| prathavA isakA kAraNa svAmI deva kA nAma hI likhA gayA hai| yaha ho ki saMbhavanAtha kA mRgazira nakSatra to nizcita (1) naminAtha ke saba kalyANaka azvinI hai hI aura niyamataH yaha nakSatra magasara sudI 15 nakSatra meM hue haiM kintu mudrita uttara purANa meM inakA ko prAtA hI hai prata yaha tithi binA batAye svata: janma parva 69 zloka 30 meM 'pApADhe svAti yoge' hI siddha ho jAtI hai isa khayAla se graMthakArane yaha prarthAt prASADha vada 10 svAti nakSatra meM likhA haiM

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paMcakalyANaka tithiyA~ aura nakSatra 125 yahAM bhI tithi ke sAtha nakSatra kA mela isa taraha kI galtiyAM anya kaI hasta likhita banatA nahIM hai prataH yaha pATha prazuddha hai| zuddha pATha prathoM meM bhI dekhane ko milatI haiN| aura zuddha pATha 'pASA'zvinI yoge honA cAhie arthAt 'svAti, ko azuddha banA dilA jAtA hai / isakA eka udA. kI jagaha azvinI honA caahie| bhASADha bada 10 haraNa isa lekha meM Upara bhI batAyA gayA hai ki ke sAtha azvinI ko saMgati vaiTha jAtI hai| yahAM "prASA'zvinI yoge" yaha zava pATha thA jisakA yaha zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie ki prathakAra ne "bhASADhe svAtiyoge" aisA prazuddha banA diyA gayA janma nakSatroM meM to nakSatra ke svAmI deva ke nAma hai| yaha hama isa lekha meM Upara likha cuke haiM ki pavitI nAma diyA prAyaH pratyeka tIrthakara ke apane apane pAMcoM kalyANaka isakA utsara yaha hai ki pazvinI nakSatra ke svAmI adhikatara eka hI nakSatra meM haye haiN| isa prapekSA se deva kA nAma bhI azvinI hI hai|| bhI vAsupUjya ke garbhajanma kI taraha zeSa tIna kalyANaka bhI zatabhiSA meM hI hone caahiye| (3) vimalanAtha kA mokSa parva 56 zlo0 55 meM 'prASADhasyottarASADhe" arthAt prASADha budI 8 eka hI nakSatra meM pratyeka tIrthakara ke prAyaH uttarApAta meM likhA hai kintu zuddha pATha "prASADha- pAcakalyANaka hone ke saMbaMdha meM itanA aura samajha syottarA bhAdra honA cAhie kyoMki mASADha budI lenA cAhiye ki uttarapurANa meM kahIM 2 usa 8 ko uttara bhAdrapada hI par3atA hai aura yahI nakSatra nakSatra ke sthAna meM usake pAsa vAle nakSatra kA nAma vimalanAtha ke anya saba kalyAraNakoM meM hai| diyA hai| jaise zreyAMzanAtha ke cAra kalyANaka zravaNa nakSatra meM aura mokSa unakA dhaniSThA meM likhA hai| (4) bAsupUjya ke saba kalyANaka zatabhiSA pArzvanAtha ke cAra kalyANaka vizAkhA meM aura janma nakSatra meM hae hai kintu mudrita uttara purANa meM inakI unakA pranilayoga meM likhA hai| anila kahiye dIkSA tithi phAguNa budI 14 jJAnatithi mAghasudI pavanadeva yaha svAti nakSatra kA svAmI mAnA jAtA 2aura mokSa tithi bhAdavA sUdI 15 kI likhI hai hai| prataH yahAM pranila kA artha svAti nakSatra hotA aura tInoM kA nakSatra vizAkhA likhA hai lekina ina hai| caMdraprabha ke tIna kalyANaka anurAdhA meM aura tInoM tithiyoM ke sAtha vizAkhA kI saMgati kisI janma unakA zakrayoga meM likhA hai| zaka kA artha iMdra taraha baiThatI nahIM hai, 'zatabhiSA' ke sAtha baiThatI hai yaha jyeSThA nakSatra kA svAmI deva mAnA jAtA hai| yahA~ bhI pATha kI azuddhi hI jAna par3atI hai| tInoM ataH yahAM zakra kA artha jyeSThA nakSatra hotA hai| pAThoM meM vizAkhA vAkya azuddha hI jAna par3atI hai mokSa bhI inakA jyeSThA meM hI likhA hai / puSpadaMta tInoM pAThoM meM vizAkhA, vAkya prazuddha hai usake sthAna ke cAra kalyANaka mUlanakSatra meM mora janma inakA meM zuddha vAkya 'bhiSakA' athavA 'bhiSAkA' honA jaMtra yoga meM likhA hai / jaMtra kA artha iMdra yaha jyeSThA cAhie / zatabhiSA ke mAge kA pratyaya lagAne se kA svAmI mAnA jAtA hai| ataH yahAM jaMtra kA artha pAta bhiSakA' yA zata 'bhiSAkA' rUpa banatA hai- jyeSThA nakSatra hotA hai ityAdi isa prakAra kalyANakoM jisakA saMkSipta nAma bhiSakA yA bhiSAkA hotA hai ke eka samAna nakSatroM ke sAtha unake samIpa kA jaise satyabhAmA kA bhAmA, yaha saMkSipta nAma hotA nakSatra kA nAma kahIM kisI kalyANakoM meM diye jAne hai| prayakAra guNabhadra ne bhI yahAM "zatabhiSAkA" kA tAtparya yahI samajhanA cAhiye ki usa tithi ko isa vAkya kA saMkSipta nAma "bhiSAkA" kA prayoga ve donoM hI nakSatra krama se bhugata rahe the| pApa paMcAMga kiyA hai| pratilipi karane vAloM ne bhiSAkA prayoga uThAkara dekhiye to pApako bahuta bAra eka hI tithi ko azuddha samajhakara use vizAkhA banA DAlA hai| meM kramavAra do nakSatroM ke aMza bhugatate najara paayeNge|

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126 bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti prandha balki kabhI 2 to eka hI tithi meM do nakSatroM ke puSpadaMtakRta apabhraMza mahApurANa meM jo tithi makSatra graMza aura pUrA eka nakSatra isa taraha tIna nakSatra likhe haiM ve bhI saba usarapurANa ke anusAra likhe bhugatate mileNge| isaliye samIpa ke nakSatra kA nAma haiN| yahAM likhI tithiyAM bhI kalyANamAlA se milatI hone se use bhI eka taraha se anya samAna nakSatra ke haiN| ye puSpadaMta guNabhadrAcAryase karIba 175 varSa antargata hI ginanA cAciye aura eka hI nakSatra meM bAda hI huye haiN| isa taraha uttarapurANa, apabhraMza pAMcoM kalyANaka hone meM ise apavAda kathana nahIM mahApurANa aura kalyANamAlA ina tInoM kI tipiyeM samajhanA caahiye| eka samAna mila jAne se tathA nakSatroM kI saMgati unake sAtha likhI tithiyoM ke sAtha baiTha jAne se isa prakAra uttarapurANa kI saba tithiyoM aura unake sAtha likhe huye nakSatroM kI saMgati bhI praccho tithiviSayaka gar3abar3a jo laMbe arase se hamAre yahAM taraha se baiTha jAtI hai| yahAM meM yaha bhI sUcita kiye calI mA rahI thI vaha aba samApta ho gaI hai / prataH detA hai ki kavi puSpadaMtakRta apabhraMza mahApurANa meM paba hamako hamArI pUjApATha kI pustakoM kI tithiyoM ko isI mAphika zuddha karake kAma meM lenI caahiye| bhI kalyANakoM ke tithi nakSatra uttarapurANa ke kA anusAra hI likhe haiN| paM0 prAzAparajI ke sAmane isake alAvA mUla graMtha meM zuddha pATha hone para triloka prajJapti maura harivaMzapurANa ke maujUda hote bhI anuvAdakoM ne kahIM kahIM galata mAsa-tithI nakSatra huye bhI unhoMne svaracita kalyANamAlA meM ina donoM likha diye haiM prataH sahuliyata ke lie paMcakalyANaka panyoM kI tithiyoM kI upekSA karake eka uttarapurANa tithiyoM kA zava nakazA bhI hama sAtha meM diye dete kI kalyANakatithiyoM ko sthAna diyA hai| isase haiN| isa viSaya meM eka vizeSa jJAtavya bAta yaha uttarapurANa kI tithiyoM kI prAmANikatA para gaharA hai ki-mahApurANa kAra dakSiNI hote hue bhI prakAza par3atA hai| unhoMne paMcakalyANaka tithiyAM dakSiNI paddhati se isa sAre UhApoha kA phalitArtha yahI hai ki- nahIM dekara sabhI uttarI paddhati se hI dI haiM kyoMki uttarapurANa kI zuddhatithiyA~ vehI haiM jo paM. sabhI tIrthakAroM ke pAcoM kalyANaka uttara prAnta meM bhAzAdharajI ne kalyANamAlA meM likhI haiM / aura kavi hI hue haiN| koI bhI dukhI manuSya pRNA ke yogya nahIM ho sakatA cAhe vaha kitanA bhI hIna kyoM na ho ? samaya kA jAdUgara kabhI kabhI pAzcaryajanaka karizme dikhAtA hai| kisI nizcita lakSya ko jIvana samarpita kara dene vAle karmavIra ko apane jIvana meM anekoM balidAna dene par3ate haiN| -bAbUjI kI DAyarI se

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zrI paMca kalyANaka zuddha tithi aura nakSatra tIrthakara | garbha jhAna mokSa 1 RSabhanAtha 2 prajitanAtha 3 saMbhavanAtha 5 sumatinAtha 6 padmaprabha 7 mupArzvanAtha 8candraprabha 6 puSpadaMta 10 zItalanAtha 11 zreyAMsanAtha 12 vAsupUjya 13 vimalanAtha 14 anaMtanAtha 15 dharmanAtha 16 zAMtinAtha 17 kunthunAtha 18 paranAtha 16 mallinAtha 20 munisuvrata 21 naminAtha 22 neminAtha ASADha kR.2 ca . .catra kR. 9 phAlguna kR.11 mAgha kR. 14 uttarASADha jyeSTha kR.30 mAgha zu. 10 mAgha zu. 6 pauSa zu. 11 caitra zu. 4 rohiNI phAlguna zu.8 kArtika zu.1zamA.zo.zu.15 kArtika kR.4 caitra zu. 6 mRgazirA vizAkha zu.6 mAgha zu. 12 mAgha. zu. 12 pauSa zu. 14 vaizAkha zu. 6 punarvasu zrAvaNa zu.2 caitra zu. 11 vaizAkha zu. 6 patra zu. 11catra zu. 11 maghA mAgha kR. 6 kArtika kR.13 kArtika kR.13 caitra zu. 15 phAlguna kR.4 citrA bhAdrapada zu.6 jyeSTha zu. 12 jyeSTha zu. 12 phAlguna kR.6 phAlguna kR. vizAkhA catra kR. 5 poSa kR. 11 poSa kR. 11 phAlguna kR.7 phAlguna kR.7 anurAdhA phAlguna kR.6 mA.zI. zu.1 mA. zI. zu. 1 kArtika zu. bhAdrapada zu. mUla citra kR.8 mAgha kR. 12 mAgha kR. 12 pauSa kR. 14 pAzvina zubha pUrvASADha jyeSTha kR. 6 kA. kR. 11 phAlgunakR. 11 mAgha kR. 30 zrAvaNazu. 15 zravaNa pASAr3ha kR.6 kA. kR. 14 phAlgunaka. 14 mAgha zu. 2 mAda. zu. 14 zatabhiSA jyeSTha kR.10 mAgha zu.4 mAgha zu. 4 mAgha zu. 6 pASADha kR. uttarAbhAdrapada kArtika kR.1 jyeSTha kR. 12 jyeSTha kR. 12 caitra kR. 30 caitra kR. 30 rivatI vi.kR.13revatI mAgha zu. 13 mAgha zu. 13 pauSa zu. 15 jyeSTha zu. 4 puSya bhAdrapada kR. jyeSTha kR. 14 jyeSTha kR. 14 pauSa zu. 10 jyeSTa kR. 14 bharaNI AvaraNa kR.10 vaizAkha zu. 1 vaizAkha zu. 1vatra zu. 3 vaizAkha zu. 1 kRttikA phAlguna zu.3 mA.zI. zu 14(mA.zI.zu. 10 kArtika zu. 12 caitra kR. 30 rivatI | caitra zu. 1 mA.zI. zu.11 mA.zI.zu. 11 pI. kR. puSya 2 phAlguna zu. 5 prAzvinI zrAvaNa kR.2 zAkha kR. 10 vaizAkha kR. 10 vaizAkha kR. 6 kA. kR. 12 zravaNa pAzvina kR.2 bhASAkR. 10 mASAdakR. 1. ma. zI. zu. 1 baizAkha kR. 14/prAzvivI kArtika zu 6 zrAvaNa zu.6 zrAvaNa zu. 6 pAzvina zu. 1 ASADha zu. 7 citrA utarASAr3ha vizAkha kR. 2 pauSa kR. 11 poSaka. 11catra kR. 4 zrAvaNa zu. 7 vizAkhA bhASAr3ha zu. 6 caitra zu. 13 mA.zI.kR.10/vaizAkha zu. 10 kArtika kR.uttarAphAlgunI svAti 30 23 pAvanApa 24 mahAvIra - - -

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jagata meM vAstavika ghaTanAeM kalpanA ko bhI bahuta pIche, bahuta / (dUra, chor3a jAtI haiN| kisI bhI viSaya meM, sirpha isake bAharI rUpa ko dekhakara. kucha bhI nahIM kahA jA sktaa| manuSya kI zubha icchA yadi hRdaya se satya hokara bAhara nikalatI |hai to vyartha nahIM jaatii|

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jaina granthoM meM rASTra kUToM kA itihAsa * rAmaballama somANI dakSiNa bhArata ke rASTrakUTa rAjAoM ke gaurava aura isI AdhAra para zrI ke0 bI0 pAThaka ne inako pUrNa zAsana kAla meM jaina dharma kI prabhUtapUrva kRSNarAja prathama kA samasAmayika mAnA hai| isake unnati huii| baI prAcAryoM ne usa samaya kaI viparIta zravaNabelagolA kI malliSeNa prazasti mahatvapUrNa praboM kI saraMcanA kI jinameM samasAmayika meM inhoMne rAjA sAhasatuMga kI sabhA meM bar3e gaurava ke bhArata ke itihAsa ke liye ullekhanIya sAmagrI sAtha yaha kahA thA ki he rAjA! pRthvI para tere samAna milatI hai| to pratApI rAjA nahIM hai aura mere samAna buddhimAna rASTrakUTa rAjya kI nIMva govindarAma prathama ne bhI nahIM hai| "prakalaMka stotra" nAmaka eka anya cAlukya rAjAoM ko jIta kara DAlI thii| isakA graMtha meM kucha pada aise bhI hai jinheM kisI rAjA kI putra daMtidurga bar3A ullekhanIya hudhA hai / iskaa| sabhA meM kahA jAnA variMgata hai lekina isameM kaI sthaloM upanAma sAhasatuga bhI thA / jaina darzana ke mahAna para "devo'kalakalo" pada pAyA hai / prataeva pratIta vidvAna bhadra prakalaMka isake samaya meM haye the| inake hotA hai ki kisI anya ke dvArA likhA hamAre dvArA viracita graMthoM meM laSIyastraya, tasvArtha rAja haiM / malliSeNa prazasti ke ukta zloka saMbhavataH vAtika, praSTa zatI, siddhivinizcaya aura pramAgA-saMgraha janazca ti ke prAdhAra para likhe gaye haiM jo sahI pratIta prAdi bar3e prasita haiN| inake graMthoM meM yadyapi sama- hote haiN| sAmayika rAjApoM kA ullekha nahIM hai kintu kathA- zrI vIrasenAcArya bhI prasiddha darzana zAstrI the| koza nAmaka graMtha meM inakI saMkSepa meM jIvanI hai| ye pramoSavarSa ke zAsana kAla taka jIvita the| isameM inake pitA kA nAma puruSottama batalAyA hai inake dvArA viracita graMthoM meM ghavalA aura jayaghavalAjinheM rAjA zubhatuga kA maMtrI vaNita kiyA hai| TIkAeM bar3I prasiddha haiN| dhavalA TIkA ke hindI yaha rAjA zubhatuga nisaMdeha kRSNa rAja prathama hai sampAdaka DA0 hIrAlAla jI ne ise kAtika zakla 1. jaranala bambaI brAMca rAyala eziyATika sosAiTI bhAga 18 pR0 226 kathA koSa meM isa prakAra ullekha haipatra va bhavati mAnyakheTAkSya nagare vare / rAjA bhUcubhatu'gAravyasta na maMtrI puruSotamaH / iMDiyana eMTikvarI bhAga 12 pR0 215 2. rAjan sAhasatuMga aisaMti bahava zvetAtapatrAnRpAH / kintu svassahazA raNe vijayinassyAgonnatA durlabhAH / tatsanti budhA ma santi kavayo vAdizvarAH vAgmino / nAnAzAstravicAracAturaSiyAH kAle kalImadvidhAH / jaina lekha saMgraha bhAga 2 lekha 290 3. nyAya kumuda candra kI bhUmikA pR0 55

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130 bAyU choTelAla jaina smRti prandha 13 zaka saMvat 738 meM pUrNa honA variNata kiyA dhrava nirupama bhI zAsaka nahIM humA thaa| isake hai aura likhA hai ki jisa samaya rASTrakUTa rAjA atirikta harivaMzapurANa meM vIrasenAcArya kA jagatuMga rAjya tyAga cuke the aura rAjAdhirAja ullekha hai lekina unako isa ghabalA TIkA kA bodaNarAya zAsaka the ise pUrNa kiyaa| zrI jyoti ullekha nahIM hai| smaraNa rahe ki isa graMtha meM prasAda jI jaina ne ise asvIkRta karake likhA hai ki samantabhadra devanandi mahAsena prAdi bhAcAryoM ke pramoM prazasti meM spaSTataH "vikkama rAyAI" pATha hai prata- kA spaSTataH ullekha hai / ataeva yaha ghaTanA vi0 saM0. eva yaha vikrama saMvata honA caahie| prataeva unhoMne 705 ke pazcAt hI huI hai| yaha tithi 838 vikramI dI hai| bhAgya se jyotiSa ke jayaghavalA ke anta meM lambI prazasti dI ho anusAra donoM hI tithiyoM kI gaNanA lamabhaga eka hai| isase jJAta hotA hai ki vIrasenAcArya kI isa sI hai / lekina rAjanaitika sthiti para vicAra kareM apUrNa kRti ko jinasenAcArya ne pUrNa kiyA thaa| to prakaTa hogA ki yaha tithi vikramI ke sthAna para yaha TIkA zaka saMvat 759 meM mahArAjA amoghavarSa zaka saMvata hI honA caahie| isakA mukhya prAdhAra ke zAsana kAla meM pUrNa kI gaI thii| yaha hai ki vikramI saMvata kA pracalana itanA prAcIna nahI hai / isake pUrva isa saMvata kA nAma kRta aura bahucarcita harivaMza purANa kI prazasti ke mAlaba saMbata milatA hai / vikramI saMvata kA sabase anusAra zaka saM0 705 meM jaba dakSiNa meM rAjA prAcInatama lekha 818 kA dholapura se caNDa mahAsena ballabha, uttaradizA meM indrAyuddha, pUrva meM vatsarAja kA milA hai / lekina isakA pracalana uttarI bhArata pora sauramaMDala meM jayavarAha rAjya karate the taba meM adhika rahA hai / gujarAta aura dakSiNabhArata meM baDhavAla nAmaka grAma me ukta graMtha pUrNa huA thaa| usa samaya likhe gaye tAmrapatroM meM zaka saMvata yA zaka saMvat 705 kI rAjanaitika sthiti baDI ullekhavallabhI saMvat milatA hai| isameM ullikhita jagatuga nIya hai| dakSiNa ke rASTrakUTa rAjA kA jo ullekha niHsaMdeha rASTrakUTa rAjA govinda rAja tRtIya hai hai vaha saMbhavataH dhrava nirupama hai| govinda II kI aura boharAya prmodhvrss| agara vikramI saMvat upAdhi bhI "vallabharAja" thii| isI prakAra zravaNa838 mAnate haiM to yaha tithi 16 10780 I. belagolA ke lekha naM0 24 meM 6 stambha ke pitA ho pAtI hai| usa samaya movindarAja kA pitA dhrava nirupama kI bhI upAdhi vallabharAja hai| 4. aTTatIsamhi sAsiya vikkamarAyamhi emu sNgrmo.| sANAmo vA pAse muterasoe bhAva-vilagge dhavala pakar3e // 6 // jaga tuga deva-rajje riyamhi kumhi rAhaNA koNe / suranulAe saMte gurumhi kula villae hote // 7 // boddaNa rAya ride pariMda cUDAmariNamhi bhuMjate // 6 // dhavalA 1, 1, 1, prastA04-45 5. anekAMta varSa pR. 207-212 6. bhAratIya prAcIna lipI mAlA pR0 166 7. zAkeSvabda zateSu satyama dizaM paJcosapatarAM pAtIndrAyudha nAmni kRSNa nRpaje zrI vallabhe dakSiNAm pUrvA dhI madavanti bhUbhRti nRpe vatsAdi rAje parAM kAryANAmadhi maNDalaM jayagute vIre varAha'vati / / 52 // 8. altekara-rASTrakUTAja eNDa deyara TAimsa pR0 52-53

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"jaina graMthoM meM rASTrakUToM kA itihAsa 131 gobindarAjakA zAsanakAla pralpakAlIna hai aura vaha jinasenAcArya ke caraNa kamaloM meM mastaka rakha pAka saM0 70.1 ke dhUliyA ke dAnapatra ke pazcAt kara apane ko pavitra mAnatA thaa| 14 isakI banAI usakA koI lekha nahIM milA hai ataeva yaha dhrava huI praznottara ratnamAlA nAmaka eka choTI sI pustaka nirupama ke liye hI ThIka hai| uttara meM indrAyadha kA milI hai| isake prAraMbha meM "praNipatya vadamAnaM" ullekha hai| yaha bhaNDI vaMzI rAjA indrAyudha hai| zabda hai| yadyapi yaha vivAdAspada hai ki pramoghavarSa phlITa, bhaNDArakara prabhRti vidvAnoM ne bhI ise ThIka jaina dharma kA pUrNa anuyAyo pA athavA nahIM kintu mAnA hai| kucha ise govindarAja III ke bhAI yaha satya hai ki vaha jaina dharma kI ora bahata indra sema mAnate haiM jo usa samaya rASTrakUToM kI bhora prAkRpTa thaa| isI ke zAsana kAla meM likhI mahAvIrAse gujarAta meM prazAsaka thaa| svatantra rAjA cArya ko gaNitasAra saMgraha nAmaka pustaka meM prmoghnhiiN| prazasti meM to spaSTataH indrAyudha pATha hai varSa ke sambandha meM likhA hai ki usane samasta prataeva isa prakAra ke tor3a mor3a karane ke sthAna prANiyoM ko prasanna karane ke liye bahata 15 kAma para ise indrAyudha hI mAnA jAnA ThIka hai / pUrva meM kiyA thA jisakI cita vRti rUpa agni meM pApakarma vatsarAja kA ullekha hai| zaka saM0 700 meM likhI bhasma ho gayA thaa| prataeva jJAta hotA hai ki vaha gaI kuvalayamAlA meM isa rAjA ko jAlora kA bahuta hI dhArmika pravRti kA thaa| isameM spaSTataH zAsaka mAnA hai| pravanti pratihAra rAjApoM ke jaina dharmAvalambI bariNata kiyA hai / rASTrakUTa zAsana meM saMbhavataH daMtidurga ke zAsana kAla se zilAlekhoM se jJAta hotA hai ki pramoghavarSa kaI bAra rAjya chor3akara ekAMta kA jIvana vyatIta karatA 13. prAcArya jinasena jo prAdi purANa ke thA aura rAjya yuvarAja ko sauMpa detA thaa| saMjAna kartA pramoghavarSa ke guru ke nAma se vikhyAta haiN| ke dAnapatra ke zloka 47 va anyadAna patroM meM isakA uttarapUrANa kI prazasti meM spaSTataH variNata hai ki spaSTataH ullekha hai| praznotara ratna mAlA meM hI yo| - E. Epigraphica-Indica-Vol IV P, 195-196 10. DA0 gulAbacanda caudharI-hisTrI prApha nordanaM iMDiyA phroma jaina sorsesa pR0 33 11. sagakAle bolINe vIrasAraNa sattAI gehiN| sattara ____eka dina pUNehiM raiyA pravaraha velaae| ra para bhai bhiruhi bhegopaNa IyaNa rohiNI klaacNdo| siribaccharAya lAmo garahasthI patthivo jaiyA / / (kuvalaya mAlA ) 12. prattekara-rASTrakUTAja eNDa deyara TAimsa pR0 40 13. "ityamoghavarSa paramezvara paramaguru zrI jinasenAcArya viracita meghadUna veSTite pAmpuidaye......" (pArvAbhyudaya ke soM ke anta kI puSpikA) 14. yasya prAMzunalozujAlavisaradArAntarAvirbhava tpAdAmbhojarajaH pizaGga kumuTa pratyagraratnatiH / saMsmatI svamamoghavarSa nRpatiH pUtohamatyalaM sa zrImAn jinasena pUjya bhagavatpAdo jaganmaGgalam / / 8 / / uttara purANa ko prazasti 15. nApUrAma premI-jana sAhitya kA itihAsa pR0 152

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti grantha 132 pratima dinoM meM usakA rAjya se vizvata honA " varNita hai| magara amoghavarSa jaina dharma kI dhora bhAkRSTa nahIM hotA to nisaMdeha jinasenAcArya usakI prazaMsA meM sundara pada nahIM likhate / 17 / usameM likhA hai ki usake mAge gupta rAjAoMoM kI kIrti bhI phIkI par3a gaI thii| saMjAna ke dAnapatra meM bhI isI prakAra kA ullekha hai|" uttara purANa kI prazasti meM pramoghavarSa ke uttarAdhikArI rAjA kRSNa II kI prazaMsA kI hai kintu yaha nizcaya pUrvaka nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha rAjA jaina thA athavA nhiiN| kintu isakA sAmanta lokAditya jo vanavAsa deza kA rAjA thA avadayameva jaina thaa| isakI rAjadhAnI 10 ba~kApura thii| yaha jaina dharma kA bar3A bhakta thaa| zilAlekhoM aura tAmrapatroM meM bhI govindarAja aura amoghavarSa kA varNana milatA hai| gaMgavaMzI sAmanta cAkirAja ko prArthanA para zaka saM0 735 meM govindarAja III ne jAlamaMgala nAmaka grAma yApatIya saMgha ko diyA thA / yaha lekha govindarAja III ke zAsana kAla kA antima lekha hai / uttarapurANa meM varita lokAditya ke pitA zaMkeya ke kahane para amoghavarSa me jaina maMdira ke lie bhUmidAna meM meM dI thI aisA eka dAnapatra se prakaTa hotA hai| " mahAkavi puSpadaMta aura somadeva usa yuga ke mahAna vidvAna the| puSpadaMta kA eka nAma saha bhI thaa| ye mahAmAtya bharata dhaura unake putra nana ke mAthita rahe the| ye donoM rASTrakUTa rAjA kRSNarAja 111 ke sama sAmayika the| isane kRSNarAja ke liye "tuDigu" "ballabha narendra" ghora "kaNaharAya" zabda bhI prayukta kiye haiM / 22 tirukkasudana ram ke zilAlekha meM kanharadeya zabda isa rAjA ke liye prayukta 23 kiyA gayA haiN| yaha rAjA jaba melapATI ke sainika zivira meM thA taba somadeva ne yazastilaka cambU graMtha ko pUrNa kiyA thaa| 24 isa paMtha kI 16. lekara rASTrakUTAja eNDa devara TAimsa 10 89-90 17. gurjara narendra kIrterantapatitA zazokazubhrA yA / ma guptaMva gupta nRpateH zakasya muzakAyate kIrtiH // 12 // 18. hatvA bhrAtarameva rAjyamaharat devIM ca dInastathA / koTimalekhayat kilakilo dAtA saguptAnvayaH yenAtmAji tanu svarAjyamasakRta vAhArtha kaH kAkathA hastisyonnati rAsTrakUTa free dAteti kartyAmapi / 48 / [E. I Vol 18 P.2351 16. uttara purANa kI prazasti zloka 26-27 20. uttara purANa kI prazasti zloka 26 auaura 30 21. jaina lekha saMgraha bhAga 3 kI bhUmikA pR0 15 se 67 22. siri kamharA karama lagi hiya dhasi jalavAhiNi durgA pari / Adi purANa bhAga 3 kI bhUmikA pR0 16 23. E. I. Vol 3 Page 282 evaM sAutha iMDiyana iMsampisana bhAga 1076 24. "pAMDya siMhana cola perama prabhRtInmahIpatintrasAdhya melapATI pravarddhamAna rAjyaprabhAve zrI kRSNarAja deve"...evaM 88 zaka ke dAnapatra meM "taM dariNa dieNa dharaNa karaNayapa yada madiparima maMtu melA DiyAyaru" ullekhita hai /

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jaina graMthoM meM rASTra kUToM kA itihAsa prazasti se jJAta hotA hai ki parikezarI ke putra ullekhanIya mahAkavi pampa haiM / isake dvArA viracita baddiga kI rAjadhAnI gaMgadhArA meM yaha graMtha pUrNa mAdi-purANa campU paura vikramArjuna vijaya hamA pA / isameM spaSTataH variNata hai ki kRSNarAja graMpa prasiddha haiM pichale maMtha meM pari kesarI kI jo ne pAyA siMhala, cola, cera mAdirAjAmoM ko cAlukya vaMzIya thA, aura jo somadeva ke jItA thaa| isa bAta kI puSTi samasAmayika yazastilaka campU meM mo pariNata hai, vaMzAvalI dI tAmrapatroM se bhI hotI hai / puSpadaMta ke AdipurANa gaI hai| vikramArjuna vijaya aitihAsika graMtha hai| meM mAnyakheTapUra ko mAlave ke rAjA dvArA vinaSTa isameM rASTrakUTa rAjA govinda III ke viruddha karane kA ullekha hai|24 yazodhara carita kI prazasti se jAta hotA hai ki jisa samaya sArA janapada nIrasa ko vaddiga rAja ko sauMpane kA ullekha hai| vadidaga ho gayA thA, cAroM pora duHsaha duHkha vyApta ho pramogha varSa II kA hI upanAma pratIta hotA hai / 28 jagaha jagaha manuSyA kA khApar3iyA pAra zAsana vyavasthA kaMkAla bikhara rahe the, sarvatra karaka hI karaka dikhAI rASTrakUTa rAjAmoM ke rAjanaitika itihAsa ke de rahA thA usa samaya mahAtmA nanna ne mujhe sarasa sAtha sAtha samasAmayika rAjyavyavasthA kA bhI bhojana aura sundara vastra diye prataeva vaha cirAyu jaina graMthoM meM savistAra varNana milatA hai| prAdiho / 26 mahAkavi dhanapAla kI pAipa lacchI purANa, praura nItivAkyAmRta meM isakA spaSTa citra nAmamAlA ke anusAra yaha ghaTanA 1026 vi0 meM khIMcA gayA hai| rAjA aura maMtriyoM ko usa samaya ghaTita huI thI / rASTrakUTa rAjA boTTiga ke bAda vaMza paramparAgata adhikAra prApta the / 26 maMtriyoM karkarAja humA / paramAra prAkramaNa ke bAda rASTrakUTa kI saMkhyA sImita rakhane kA ullekha somadeva ne rAjya kA adhaHpatana prArambha ho gayA aura zIghra hI kiyA hai| maMtrimaMDala meM matriyoM ke atirikta cAlukyoM ne vApisa hastagata kara liyaa| pramAtya ( revenyU minisTara ) senApati, purohita saMskata aura prAkRta ke sAtha sAtha kannaDa bhASA daNDanAyaka bhAdi bhI hote the| gAvoM ke mukhiyoM kA meM bhAjadhAnapatra aura pratha likhe gye| inameM sabase ullekha prAdiparANa meM hai| salArA jo nagara 65. dInAnAthadhanaM sadA bahujana protphulla vallIvanaM, mAnyAkheTapuraM purandarapurI lIlAharaM sundaram / dhArAnAthanarendra kopazikhinA dagdhaM vidagdhapriyaM / kledAnI vasati karispati punaH zrI puSpadantaHkaviH / kara yaha pada saMdigdha hai pora kSepaka hai| pra0 zlo0 36 mahApurANa kI 50 vIM saMdhi 26, jI vaya norasi duriyamalImasi / kaiNi vAyari dusahe duiyAri / par3iyaka bAla iNa rakaMkAlai / bahukAlai.ahe hukkA li| pavarAgAri sarasAhAri / sahi ni ta boli mahu upayAriu puraNaM periu / guNabhattilauNau~Na mahallau // hou cirAusu'' yazodhara carita 4131-2.." 27. vikkama kAlassa gae prauNatIsuttare saahssmmi| mAlava nariMda ghADIe lUDie manna kheDammi // pAina lacchI nAmamAlA (bhAvanagara) pR0 45 28. mastekara rASTrakUTAja pR0 107-108 26. santAna kramato gatA'pi hi ramyA kRSTA prabhoH sekyA mahAmaMtrI bharata ne vaMzaparamparAgata pada ko jo kucha dinoM ke liye calA gayA thA pUnaH prApta kiyA [mahApurANa (prapa) bhAga 3 pR0 13 30. "bahabo maSiNaH parasparaM svamatIraktarSayanti 1073 //

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bAbU choTekhAla jaina smRti grantha adhikArI thA kA ullekha prAdipurANa nIti- the / rAjAnoM dvArA jalakrIDAeM aura kaI prakAra kI vAkyAmRta aura yazastilaka-bampU meM bhI hai| goSTiyAM kiye jAne kA bhI varNana milatA hai| aSTAdaza zreriNagaraNa pradhAnoM kA bhI ullekha yatratatra sAMskRtika sAmagrI milatA hai| nItivAkyAmRta meM kaI prakAra ke usa samaya sAMskRtika gatividhiyoM ke adhyayana guptacaroM kA ullekha hai / rAjya kara jo prAyaH dhAna ke liye jaina sAmagnI bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa hai| ke rUpa meM liyA jAtA thA yaha upaja kA 1 bhAga varNavyavasthA 32 varNAzrama dharma, 33 sAmAjika thaa| inake atirikta zulka maMDapikAnoM dvArA bhI saMskAra, 4 vezyAvRtti 35. bhojana vyavasthA, saMgRhIta kiyA jAtA thaa| rAjAmoM ke aizvarya kA zikSA, 37 citrakalA, 8 saMgIta, 6 mAbhUSaNa,. savistAra varNana hai / inake rAjyAbhiSeka ke samaya saundarya prasAdhana, " cikitsA sAdhana, 42 khetoM ko kiye jAne vAle utsavoM kA bhI prAdi purANa meM vyavasthA mAdi kA inameM sAMgopAMga vaNa'na varNana hai| rAjAmoM kA abhiSeka bhI eka viziSTa milatA hai| samasAmAyika bhArata ke vAstuzilpa paddhati dvArA karAyA jAtA thaa| rAjyAbhiSeka ke kA bhI savistAra vaNana milatA hai| maMdira mahala samaya "padra bandhana" hotA thaa| yaha paTTa bandhana prAdi ke vanoM meM isa prakAra kI sAmagrI yuvarAja pada para niyukta karate samaya bhI bAMdhA jAtA ullekhanIya hai| zrI maltekarajI ne apane caMya thaa| pAlana kA ullekha zilAlekhoM meM bhI milatA rASTrakUTAja eNDa deyara TAimsa meM isa sAmagrI kA hai| antaHpura kI vyavasthA kA bhI ullekha milatA adhika upayoga nahIM kiyA hai| isa sAmagrI kA hai / isakI gAra ke liye vRddha kaMcukIgaNa niyukta adhyayana vAMchanIya hai| 33, 31. "paTTabandhApadezena tasmin prAdhvaGa, kRte vasA [mA0 pu. 11642 rAjya paTTabandhazva jyAyAn samavadhIrayan / pA0 pu0 5 / 207 " maraNaraNa ke zaka saM0 716 ke lekha meM" rASTrakUTa pallavAnvayatilakAmyAM mUrdAbhiSikta govindarAja nandivarmAbhidheyAmyAM samuniSThita-rAjyAbhiSekAmyAM nijakara ghaTita paTTavibhUSita lalATa-paTTo vikhyAta" isIprakAra paTTabandho jagabandhoH lalATe vinivezitaH / 16233 prA0 pu0, ullekha hai / puSpadaMta me rAjApro ke abhiSeka aura dhamaroM kA ullekha vyaMga ke sAtha kiyA hai "camarANila uDDAviya gunnaai| maTTi seya dhoya suyaNataNAi" 3. prAdi purANa 16181-188,242-246, 247, 26 / 142 38 / 45-48 aura 42 vA parva 40 praura 36vAM parva 4 / 73 31186-188-203, 1673 14 | 190-191], 168 105-128] 6 [ 170-161] 14 [ 104-150 12 [203-201] 16 [44-71 ] 1581-84 ] 12 [ 174 | 11 [131630-32 1 1115.6, 11358, 111166 111174-76, 28 [38, 4.] 26 [ 112-115 ] 26 [ 48] 26 / 123-127 ] 28 (32-36 1157]

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bhAratIya sAhitya meM sItAharaNa prasaMga DA0 choTelAla zarmA ema0 e0 pI-eca. DI. bhArata meM rAma kathA kI pradvitIya vyApakatA dikha- kiyaa| khara ko bhI RSiyoM kA nirbhaya vicaraNa "lAyI par3atI hai| saMskRta sAhitya meM hI nahIM, phUTI prAMkha nahIM suhAtA thaa| usane vizirA aura . bhArata kI anya janapadIya bhASAoM tathA nikaTavartI dUSaNa ko bulAkara yuddha kA DaMkA bajavA diyaa| dezoM ke sAhitya meM bhI rAma kathA kA eka mahatva aneka apazakunoM ko dekhakara khara kA mana baiThane lagA pUrNa sthAna hai| sAhitya kI pratyeka vidhA meM isakA lekina anya koI cArA ma dekha kara yuddha cher3a diyA rocaka anusaMdhAna huA hai / vaiSNava dharma meM rAma ko gayA / udhara rAma ne. sItA ko lakSmaNa ke sAtha viSNu kA avatAra mAnA gayA hai, bauddhadharma meM bodhi- giri-gahA meM bheja diyaa| donoM prora se tumula yuddha sattva kA aura jaina dharma meM prAThaveM baladeva kaa| vastutaH hmaa| RSi, deva. gaMdharva cAraNa prAdi saba rAma ke rAma kathA kAlAnukrama se jana sAmAnya ke sAMskRtika svastivAcana ke lie. ekatra he| raNa meM caudaha vyaktitva kA anusaMdhAna hai| cAroM hI puruSArtha sahasra rAkSasa kheta rhe| prapana ne rAvaNa ko rAma gRhasthAzrama meM samanvita hote haiM / sItA haraNa prasaMga ke parAkrama aura sItA ke saudayaM se paricata karAyA kA saMbaMdha gRhasthAzrama ke viziSTa mUlyoM se hai / isa aura yaha sujhAva bhI diyA ki rAma kA badha sItAdRSTi se bhI prastuta prakaraNa kA mahattva hai| haraNa se saMbhava hai| rAvaNa turaMta mArIca ke pAsa gayA aura samajhAne-bujhAne para loTa paayaa| itane meM rotI. prastuta prakaraNa kA rocaka evaM vistRta vivaraNa bilakhatI zUrpaNakhA paaii| usane kahA ki sItA bAlmIki rAmAyaNa meM prApta hotA hai jo nIce usake yogya bhAryA hai| yaha dekha vaha usase vArtAlApa diyA jA rahA hai| ke liye jaise hI udyata huI vaise hI karakarmA lakSmaNa hemaMta ke dina the| rAma, lakSmaNa aura sItA ne usako virUpa kara diyaa| rAvaNa ke mana meM phira godAvarI se lauTa rahe the| bharata aura kaikeyI unake khalabalI paidA hyii| aura vaha pUnaH mArIca ke pAsa vArtAlApa kA viSaya the| sahasA unheM rAvaNa kI phcaa| mArIca usako dekhakara. ghabar3A gyaa| usane vidhavA bahina zUrpaNakhA dikhAI pdd'ii| vaha sundarI rAma ke rAja-lakSaNoM, sItA ke pAtivratya mora para* ke veza meM thii| usane pAte hI mugdha hokara rAma se strI-ramaNa ke pApa kA saketa kara use isa kArya se vivAha kA prastAva kiyaa| unhoMne usako lakSmaNa vimukha karane kA prayatna kiyA lekina usane eka na ke pAsa bheja diyaa| ve usase ThaTholI karane lge| suunii| paM0 vizvAmitra ke yajJa prora paMcavaTI kI prApa vaha palaTa kara sItA para jhapaTI, rAma ne hu~kAra kI, bItI usane bhI sunAI / usane yaha bhI batAyA ki vaha ThiThakI aura lakSmaNa ne usake nAka-kAna kATa usako sarvatrarAma hI dikhAI par3ate haiM aura rakAra hI lie| vaha rotI-bilakhatI khara ke pAsa pahu~cI aura sunAI par3atA hai| rAvaNa ne pahale to usako bhatsanA una tInoM kA rakta pIne kI icchA prakaTa karane kI aura phira mukti tathA mAghe rAjya kA pralobhana lgii| khara ne apane caudaha prakhyAta rAkSasoM ko usake diyaa| rAvaNa ne use mAjhA na mAnane kI avasthA sAtha kara diyaa| paMcavaTI meM ve saba mauta ke ghATa meM prANa daNDa dene kA bhI bhaya dikhaayaa| mArIca utAra diye gye| yUpaNakhA ne pUnaH khara ko prerita ko prANa daMDa kI apekSA vIratA pUrvaka prANa tyAga

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti grantha 136 rucikara pratIta huaa| ataH vaha rAvaNa ke sAtha ho gayA aura vaha sone kA mRga banakara sotA do subhAne lgaa| sotA ko isase kutUhala huA aura usane use prApta karane kI icchA prakaTa kI / rAma ko usake bagha kI icchA huI lakSmaNa ne usako sA liyA lekina rAma ruka na sake aura sItA kI rakSA kA bhAra lakSmaNa aura jaTAyu ke kandhoM para DAlakara usake pIche ho lie dUra jA kara usakA brahma-bAra se badha kiyA / usane bhI prANa tyAga ke samaya apanA rUpa prakaTa kiyA aura rAma kI bhAvAja meM sotA aura lakSmaNa ko pukArA / yaha dekhakara rAma kI bhI khulI aura lakSmaNa kI bAta yAda prANI / ve sItA kI ciMtA se zrAzrama I kI ora cala pdd'e| idhara sItA bhAI kI sahAyatArtha Ane ke lie lakSmaNa ko ukasAne lgii| usane usako banAyeM, nirdayI, kulAMgAra, bharata kA guptacara Adi sabhI na kahane yogya kahA / lakSmaNa bhI roSa kA ghUMTa pIkara sazaMka mana se usa ora cale gye| isI bIca prAzrama ko sUnA dekhakara rAvaNa ne vana meM praveza kiyaa| usane mukta kaMTha se sItA ke sauMdarya kI prazaMsA kI aura bAda meM bhaya, praraNAya aura rAjanaya kI baateN| phira usane apanA praveza tyAga kara usako bAlAt gadhoM se jute ratha meM baiThA liyA / sItA kA ronA-cillAnA sunakara jaTAyu ko nIMda TUTI usane pahale zAstra carcA cher3I aura bAda meM vastra tathA usakA ratha kavaca aura dhanuSa tor3a DAlA sArI aura garyo ko bhI mAra ddaalaa| rAvaNa, maukA pAkara sItA ko goda meM uThA zrAkAza kI ora bhaagaa| jaTAyu ne phira pIche se dhakramaNa kiyA lekina asi prahAra se bhUlu Tita ho gyaa| sItA maraNAsanna kaTAyu ko pakar3akara rone lagI / rAvaNa use goda meM uThAkara zrAkAza mArga se laMkA le gyaa| 2 brahmA aura RSiyoM ne aba apanA kAma siddha smjhaa|' adhyAtma rAmAyaNa kI kathA meM kucha saMkoca mAyA hai aura usakA svara bhI badalA hai| usameM caudaha rAkSasoM kA saMgrAma chUTa gayA hai aura prakaMpana kA iti vRtta bhI mArIca ke pAsa bhI rAvaNa eka hI bAra jAtA hai| ve donoM hI rAma ke brahma svarUpa se avagata haiM aura paramapada pAne kI abhilASA karate haiM- eka bhakti se aura dUsarA virodha se / mArIca rAvaraNa ko bhakti kA upadeza detA bhI hai| rAvala bhI sItA haraNa ke samaya usa kA sparza nahIM karatA / vaha dharatI kuredakara bhUmi sahita sItA ko uThA letA hai aura ratha meM baiThA letA hai / jaTAyu ke ratha tor3a dene para vaha dUsare ratha ke dvArA sItA ko laMkA le jAtA hai| zurpaNakhA bhI rAma ke caraNa cinhoM meM rAjakIya nizAna dekhakara unakA anugamana karatI hai| idhara rAma ko bhI rAvaNa ke prayatnoM kA prAbhAsa hai / ve sItA se kahate haiM ki vaha yahAM parivrAjaka ke veza meM bhaavegaa| ataH use apanA pratibiMba chor3akara dhamni ke praveza kara jAnA caahie| dhAnaMda rAmAyaNa meM rAma caudaha sahasra rAkSasoM kA rUpa dhAraNa kara 3 unakA vadha karate haiN| nRsiha purANa meM pahale pahala rAma ke patra kI carcA hai usa racanA meM dUkhamA rAma ko pralobhana detI hai aura ThukarAyI jAne para lakSmaNa ke nAma eka patra mAMgatI hai| bhaTTikAvya meM rAma lakSmaNa donoM hI rAkSasoM ke badha meM bhAga lete hai / AzvayaM cUr3AmaNi meM zUrpaNakhA chadmaveza meM sItAharaNa meM sahAyaka hotI hai| niSkarSa:- bAsmIki rAmAyaNa kI dRSTi vastuparaka evaM vyAvahArika hai| usameM jAti ko viziSTatA pradAna kI gayI hai| mAdhyAtmika svara 1. vAlmIki rAmAyaNa zraraNyakANDa sarga 16-52 2. adhyAtma rAmAyaNa araNyakANDa sagaM 5-7 3. zrAnanda rAmAyaNa 1 / 7 / 62 4. nRsiMha purANa adhyAya 461 5. bhaTTikAvya 4949

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bhAratIya sAhitya meM sItAharaNa prasaMga kA prabhAva hai lekina yajJa kA mAna hai| parastrIramaNa sAmAjika anuzAsanavihInatA kA kAraNa samajhA gayA hai| sAhityika dRSTi se prAdi rAmAyaNa kI kathA vikharI bikharI hai / usameM varNana priyatA kA prAgraha hai | caritra kI dRSTi se lakSmaNa adhika dUradarzI haiM aura rAma adhika parAkramI / prAge kathA meM saMgaThana mAyA hai aura kutUhala kI utpatti huI hai| rAma kA caritra prAdhyAtmika dRSTikoNa se citrita kiyA gayA hai| prAdhyAtmika cetanA ubharI hai aura vyakti ko pradhAnatA milI hai| jana sAmAnya kI karmacetanA bhAva maya ho gaI hai| karma kA sthAna bhakti ne le liyA hai| rAmacarita mAnasa meM kathA kucha para simaTI hai / usameM vaha prasaMga bhI nahIM hai| jahAM mArIca mRga rUpa meM rAma para AkramaNa karatA hai| pUrva gAlA apane pravigalita kaumArya kI duhAI dekara vivAha kA dhAgraha karatI hai aura donoM bhAIyoM ke bIca bhaMbara kI nAva bana jAtI hai| mAnasakAra ne usako rAjanaya meM hI nahIM, dharmanaya meM bhI niSNAta batAyA hai (yadyapi yaha pAtra doSa hai ) / idhara kharAdi bhI rAma kI rUpa mAdhurI se abhibhUta hote haiM aura rAvaNa bhI 'prabhR sara-tIratha' Upara meM prAraNa chor3anA cAhatA hai / vaha sItA para kruddha hokara bhI caraNa vaMdana meM sukha mAnatA hai / mArIca ne rAma ke koca ko mukti pradAyaka aura bhakti ko vazakarI batAyA hai| rAma bhI mRga kA pIchA deva kArya kI preraNA se karate haiM / ve naralIlA ke lie sItA ko pragni praveza kA pradeza bhI dete haiM / lakSmaNa sItA ko 'vana visi deva' sabhI ko sauMpa jAte haiM aura eka rekhA bhI banA jAte haiN| rAma prasura ko bhI paramapada dete haiN| unhoMne khara kI senA meM bhI eka kautuka kiyA hai ki saba kI dRSTi phera dI hai| ve eka dUsare ko rAma samajhate haiM, bar3ate haiM paura marate haiM / ' 1. mAnasa praraNya kANDa do0 17-26 130 paMcavaTI aura sAta meM bacA bhI badalI hai paura svara bhI badalA hai| paMcavaTI kI gathA sAmAnya hindU gRhastha ke saMdarbha meM prAraMbha hotI hai / usakA DhaMga pratyanta nATakIya hai aura viSaya saMkrAtikAlIna jIvana mUlyoM kA saMgharSa lakSmaNa naisagika dhora nAgarika jIvana ke vizleSaNa kI udher3abuna meM lage dikhalAyI par3ate haiM / zUrpaNakhA nagara kI kRtrima sabhyatA ke sabhI guNa doSoM ke sAtha unake sAmane prakaTa hotI hai| ataH bhAratIya saMskRti ke mUlyoM ko lekara khIMcAtAnI prArambha ho jAtI hai dhIre-dhIre mahArya sabhyatA kA bheda khulane lagatA hai| usameM samAyojana kA sabase adhika prabhAva hai| sAketa meM pArthiva raMga kucha halakA hai| sara se yuddha karate samaya rAma apane yuddha kauzala ke kAraNa asaMkhya rUpoM meM dikhalAyI par3ate haiN| mAyAvI mRga kA rahasya bhI calate DhaMga se saMketita kara diyA gayA hai| rAmAdi ke viruddha zUrpaNakhA kI eka Apatti yaha bhI hai ki ve usako patita kahate haiN| sItA bhI mRga kI AvAja sunakara lakSmaNa ke kSAtra dharma ko jAgRta karane ke lie svayaM sahAyatArtha sAtha jAne ko taiyAra ho jAtI hai / sAraladAsa ke mahAbhArata ke anusAra bhI sItA ko eka sakhI kI icchA hai aura ve cAhatI haiM ki lakSmaraNa zUrpaNakhA se vivAha karaleM, lekina lakSmaNa isako svIkAra nahIM karate / 3 niSkarSa: tulasI ne rAmakathA ko bhAvastara se uThAkara eka UMce prAdhyAtmika sAdhAra para TikA diyA hai / karmasauMdarya bhAvodvelana kA upakAraka mAtra hai / mAnasa kA svara bhI paurANika hai aura sarvatra videhamukti kA prAgraha hai| samUce graMtha meM isa bAta kA dhanusaMdhAna dRSTigocara hotA hai ki zraddhA, baira. IrSyA aura bAlasya se bhagavad smaraNa karane para zivatva kI upalabdhi hotI hai| mAnasakAra ne vyakti ko pradhAnatA pradAna kI hai aura jAti ko usake sImaMta meM rakha diyA hai / sarvatra 2. sAketa - sarga 11 3. mahAbhArata vana parva

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138 bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti grantha rAma-syagrodha kI zItala cha.4 phailI huI hai| sakeM, to bar3A saubhAgya ho / rAma-lakSmaNa taiyAra maithilIzaraNa gupta meM pArivArika miThAsa hai| unhoMne nahIM hue| vaha bar3abar3AtI ghara calI gayI / lakSmaNa punaH jAti ko ubhArA hai aura ekatA kA prayatna usa divya strI ke rUpa evaM guNa para anurakta ho kiyA hai| unake graMthoM meM bhI bhAvanA pratiSThA kI cuke the| ve anya kisI vyAja se usako DhUDhane bhI hI hai aura mAmaha bhI vyakti-sudhAra para hai lekina gaye lekina khAlI hAtha lauTa paaye| candranakhA ne bhI karma-sauMdarya ke pariveza kA prabhAva nahIM hai / mArga meM nakhoM se prapA pArzva aura uru pradeza bAlmIki ke rAma meM mRgayA kI bhAvanA jAti gata vidIrNa kara liyaa| usake keza vikhare the aura netra hai. talasI ke rAma meM devakArya kA prAgraha vyaktigata vANpA kula usane apane pati svara ko saba vRttAMta hai lekina gapta jI ke rAma donoM ko sameTa kara sunAyA aura kahA ki jaba maiM apane putra ke ucchinna cale haiN| sira ko goda meM lekara ro rahI thI, taba zatra ne jaina rAmAyanoM kA rUpa bhI bhinna hai aura svara balAt merA AliMgana kiyA aura merI yaha duravasthA bhii| vimala sUri kI eka alaga paraMparA hai| unake kara dI hai| kharane usake bhAI rAvaNa ke pAsa para mahAbhArata-vana parva / bhejA aura svayaM caudaha sahasra bhaToM ko lekara rAma - paumacariyoM ke anusAra kathA-sUtra isa ko kuTI para mAkramaNa kara diyaa| dizAe senA ke prakAra hai:- .... kalarava se bhara gyiiN| rAma ne pahale unheM haMsa samajhA zarata Rtu thI / bana-vicaraNa ko nikalate hI aura nIce utarane para deva / lakSmaNa ne yuddha kA lakSmaNa ko gaMdha yukta pavana ne sparza kiyaa| ve utkaMThA dhurA pakar3A aura rAma se siMhanAda kI bAta kahakara pUrvaka usa ora mur3a cale aura krauMca ravA ke taTastha ve tumula saMgrAma meM kUda pdd'e| usI samaya puSpaka vaMzastha vana meM pahuMce / vahAM candranakhA kA putra zaMbUka vimAna meM sthita rAvaNa bhI vahAM pAyA aura sItA saryahAsa khar3aga ke lie tapasyA nirata thA lakSmaNa ko dekhakara saMyama chora baiThA / usane pravalokinI ne sUryahAsa khaDga ko uThAkara jijJAsApUrvaka bAMsa ke vidyA kI sahAyatA se siMhanAda kiyaa| rAma ne bIDe para calA diyA aura phUDalAlaMkRta mastaka ko sItA ko jaTAyu ke saMrakSaNa meM chor3A aura dratagati girate dekhaa| ve khaDaga grahaNa kara rAma ke pAsa loTa se lakSmaNa kI sahAyatA ko cala pdd'e| rAvaNa ne mAye aura unheM samasta ghaTanA se avagata kraayaa| nIce utara kara sItA ko uThAyA aura jaTAyu ko udhara candranakhA ne apane putra kA bhU luThita sira cUrNa-vipUrNa kara laMkA calA gyaa| mArga meM sItA dekhA to vaha machita ho gayI aura saMjJA lauTane para rone-vilakhane lgiiN| rAvaNa bhI apane abhigraha se karuNa-dana karane lagI tathA vAtsalya rati kA vicuta nahIM humA aura yaha socakara saMtuSTa rahA ki paricaya detI huI zatra, ko DhUDhane lagI / usakI samaya pAkara saba ThIka ho jAvegA / siMhanAda kA dRSTi rAma-lakSmaNa para pdd'ii| usakA krodha havA rahasya jAnakara rAma zIghra hI lauTe aura kaTIko hogayA aura kAmane use prA dbaayaa| varaNecchA se sUnA dekhakara mUchita ho gye| papa caritra paramausane kanyA kA rUpa dhAraNa kiyA aura punnAga pariyaM kA chAyAnuvAda hai| 'svayaMbha ke paumacarita vRkSa ke nIce baiThakara mAMsU bahAne lgii| sItA se meM apekSAkRta kAvya sauMdarya hai / lakSmaNa 'matta gajoM usane kahA ki mere mAM-bApa mara cuke haiM aura pari- ke pakar3ane meM dattacitta haiM ki ekAeka surabhita janoM ne mujhako nikAla diyA hai, prANa-tyAga ke pUrva pavana unheM vaMzasthala kI ora le jAtA hai| zaka merI varasecchA zeSa hai, agara aApa anugRhIta kara vadha kI prakAMDa ghaTanA se lakSmaNa saMtapta hote hai 1. paumacariyaM-43-44 vAM sarga -

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136 bhAratIya sAhitya meM sItAharaNa prasaMga aura sItA bhaya-vihvala / unakI vigraha mUlaka yahAM candranakhA hai| donoM hI rAvaNa kI bahine haiM prakRti ke lie ve unheM biuMvita bhI karatI haiN| eka sadhavA bhaura dUsarI vidhavA lekina donoM hI candranakhA bhI pratizodha ke lie savyasAcI ke svrinnii| vikalAMga karane kA prasaMgana rAmAyaNoM sahaza pratijJA karatI hai| lakSmaNa sAmudrika zAstra meM nahIM hai| hindU rAmAyaNoM meM raNabhAra rAma ke ke zAtA hai aura candranalA ko kulakSiNI mAnate haiM, kaMdhoM para hai aura jaina rAmAyaNoM meM lakSmarasa ke kaMSoM isa kAraNa usakA varaNa nahIM karate / lekina para / sUryahAsa kI upalabdhi samarAnukrama ko pUrA usake pracAraNa para ve apane pauruSa ko saMyata bhI nahIM karatI hai--eka pora candrahAsa khaDga hai aura dUsarI rakha pAte / rAja parivAra kI anya striyAM candranakhA bhora sUrya hAsa / yahI vAsudeva prativAsudeva kA aMtara ke rahasya ko tAr3a jAtI haiM aura dUSaNa yuddha kA prati hai| sabhI varNana jAtigata vaiziSTya se pUrNa hai Sedha karatA hai| rAvaNa ke lekha meM sItA ke sauMdarya aura samUcA kAryakalApa vaiyaktika mukti tathA kA bhI varNana hai| rAvaNa lakSmaNa ke parAkrama kI dhArmika prAgraha se saMcAlita / hindU gRhastha kAma mukta kaMTha se saMstuti karatA hai aura rAma kI sItA mora artha ko dharmamaya banA kara mokSa kA mArga rI ke kAraNa prsaa| pravalokinI vidyA bhI prazasta karatA hai| vahAM unnayana hai aura videha mukti| rAvaNa ko samajhAtI hai lekina rAvaNa sItA para jaina gRhastha dharma kI chatra chAyA meM kAma kA prazamana pavata ziva rUpa ko nyauchAvara kara detA hai| mArga kara jIvanamukti kA prayatna kara rahA hai| ataH jaina meM rAvaNa ko nAmaNDasa ke anucara se bhI yuddha karanA kathAkAra karma aura bhAva donoM kA samanvaya kara paDatA hai| vaha sItA ko naMdanavana meM bhAvAsita kara calate haiN| nagara ko calA jAtA hai|' uttara purANa kI eka pratirikta digaMbara paraMparA . brahma vaivarta purANa meM bhI lakSmaNa dvArA khara hai| isake anusAra kaMthA sUtra nimna prakAra hai:dUSaNa ke vadha aura zUrpaNakhA ke pUrva janma kA nArada se sItA ke sauMdarya kA varNana sunakara ullekha hai| udAttarAthava meM sItAharaNa kA rUpa rAvaNa use hara lAne kA saMkalpa karatA hai| sItA isa prakAra hai ki lakSmaNa kanaka mRga kI khoja meM ke mana kI parIkSA ke lie zUrpaNakhA (candranakhA) ko cale jAte haiM aura rAvaNa prAzrama ke kulapati kA banArasa bhejA jAtA hai| vaha sItA kA satItva rUpa dhAraNa kara rAma aura sItA ke pAsa pahuMcatA dekhakara rAvaNa dekhakara rAvaNa se kahatI hai ki sItA kA mana hai tathA rAma kI nidA karatA hai ki unhoMne lakSmaNa calAyamAna karanA asaMbhava hai / jaba rAma aura sItA calAyamAna karata ko maga ke pIche bheja diyA hai| usI samaya eka vArANasI ke nikaTa mitrakaTa vArikA meM badamavezI rAkSasa pAkara yaha samAcAra detA hai ki karate haiM, taba maMtrI mArIca svaNa muga kA rUpa kanaka mRga rAkSasa rUpa meM badala kara lakSmaNa ko dhAraNa kara rAma ko dUra le jAtA hai aura rAvaNa le jA rahA hai / isa para rAma sItA ko rAvaNa ke rAma kA rUpa dhAraNa kara sItA ke pAsa pahuMcatA saMrakSaNa meM chor3akara lakSmaNa kI sahAyatA ke lie hai aura kahatA hai ki maiMne mRga ko mahala bheja diyA cale jAte haiN| hai aura unako pAlakI para car3hane kI mAzA detA niSkarSaH- yahAM bhI samagra praraMga rasAbhAsa se hai| yaha pAlakI vAstava meM puSpaka hai jo sItA ko upakRta hai| hindU rAmAyaNoM meM zUrpaNakhA thI aura laMkA le jAtI hai| rAvaNa sItA kA sparza nahIM 1. paumapariu-36-38 sarga 2. brahmavarta purANa kRSNa janma khaNDa pradhyAya 62

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140 karatA kyoMki use pativratA ke sparza se usakI prakAza gAminI vidyA ke naSTa ho jAne kA maya thA / " bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti grantha puSpadaMta ke mahApurANa kA praNayana bhI isI bhAdhAra para huA hai lekina usameM sarasatA dhaura rocakatA hai| isameM mArIca maMtrI kanaka-mRga kA rUpa dhAraNa karatA hai / usa samaya usakA mAnasika maMcana hindU rAmAyaNoM ke anurUpa hai| uttarapurANa meM rAma kanaka-mRga ko mAyA-mRga samajhakara usakA anusaraNa karate haiM aura mahApurANa meM usakA kAraNa sItA kA manaHprasAdana batAyA gayA hai| uttarapurANa meM rAvaNa mRga ko lekara nahIM jaataa| yahAM usake hAtha meM mRta mRga hai / prAzcarya-cUr3AmariNa meM rAma aura lakSmaNa donoM hI mRga ke pIche cale jAte haiN| rAvaNa prora usakA sArathI una donoM kA rUpa dhAraNa kara sItA ke pAsa pahuMcate haiN| ratha ko dikhalAkara lakSmaNa ( sArathI) rAma (rAvaNa) se 1 kahate haiM ki bharata kA rAjya saMkaTa meM hai| unakI sahAyatArtha bhApako lAne hetu tapasviyoM ne yaha raca bhejA hai| anaMtara tInoM ratha para car3hakara cale jAte haiN| udhara pUrpaNakhA sItA ke deza meM rAma ke sAtha bAtacIta kara rahI hai tathA mArIca rAma ke veza meM lakSmaNa ke sAtha | niSkarSa - uttarapurANa kA sItAharaNa prakaraNa vAtsAyana kAmasUtra ke vyAvahArika rUpa para khar3A kiyA gayA hai| isase jIvana kA vyAvahArika rUpa bhI pratyakSa huA hai aura ahiMsA dharma kI pratiSThA bhI rahI hai| samagra prakaraNa rAjakIya saMdarbha se prAcchAdita hai / isake saMcAra meM zaurya aura sauMdarya kI mUla vRttiyAM sajaga dikhalAyI par3atI haiN| sarvatra vidyAnoM kA adbhuta raMga hai lekina rasAbhAsa nahIM hai / ataH uttarapurANa kI prabaMdhayojanA praSika nATakIya aura vyAvahArika hai| isakA vAtAvaraNa bhI sarvatra udAtta hai aura kAbhyamaya hai / 1. uttara purANa (jJAnapITha saMskaraNa) pR0 285 - 213 2. mahApurANa- 71-72 pariccheda manuSya jaba marane para utArU ho jAtA hai taba kyA vaha isa bAta kA vicAra karane baiThatA hai ki viSa kar3avA hai yA mIThA ? X X X AdamI kA mana AzcaryapUrNa hai| kisa bAta se kara legA so kucha kahA nahIM jA sktaa| X vaha kyA taya

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AcArya hemacandra kI dRSTi meM bhAratIya samAja DA. jayazaMkara mizra ema. e. pI. eca. DI. kalikAla sarvajJa jaina prAcArya hemacandra (janma vi0 saMgraha prAdi unake pramukha anya haiN| ina granthoM meM " saM0 115, mRtyu vi0 saM0 1226) apane yuga inhoMne sAhitya ke vibhinna zAkhAoM-prazAkhAnoM para ke prakAMDa paMDita aura apratima vidvAn the / 12 vI nae sire se vicAra to kiyA hI hai, sAtha hI tatkA. sadI ke bhAratIya sAhitya aura saMskRti ke ve lIna bhAratIya samAja para bhI apanI dRSTi se yatra-tatra ekamAtra pratinidhi the / sAhitya aura bhASAzAratra prakAza DAlA hai, jo tatkAlIna samAja-citraNa kI ke vibhinna viSayoM ke atirikta tarphazAstra mImAMsA navIna upalabdhi hai / mAja taka hemacandra ke bhAratIya maura itihAsa-saMskRti ke bhI samAna vicAraka the| samAja-saMbaMdhI vivaraNa upekSita se rahe haiN| yahAM taka caulukya nareza jayasiMha, siddharAja pora kumArapAla ki, DA0 e0 ke0 majumadAra ne apane 'caulukyAja kI rAjyasabhA ke ye agraNI aura sarvazreSTha sAhityaka prAva gujarAta' graMtha meM, isa saMbaMdha meM, kucha bhI prakAza pe| saMskRta, prAkRta aura apabhraMza bhAdi bhASAnoM nahIM DAlA hai| prastuta nibandha meM tatsaMbaMdhI ullekhoM para inakA samAna adhikAra thA ataH inhoMne vibhinna kA vizleSaNa aura mUlyAMkana kiyA jA rahA hai| viSayoM para vibhinna bhASAmoM meM racanA kI / prAkRta varNa-vyavasthA dvadhAzraya bhora kumArapAlacarita, siddhahemazabdAnuzAna, chandonuzAsana, liMgAnuzAsana, uraNAdigaNasUtra, dezI. bhAratIya samAja meM varNavyavasthA kA astitva nAmamAlA, abhidhAnacintAmaNi, triSaSTizalAkA- prAcInatama hai| ye varNa cAra pe, brAhmaNa, kSatriya, puruSacarita, yogazAstra, pramANamImAMsA, anekArtha vaizya aura zUdra / ' prAcArya hemacandra ke samaya meM bhI noTa-pUrvamadhyayugIna bhAratIya samAja kI sAMskRtika avasthA kA aneka bhAratIya praura videzI bhASAmoM meM likhe gae tatkAlIna sAhityika graMthoM aura videzI yAtriyoM ke vivaraNoM ke mUla kA adhyayana kara-prophesara DA0 buddha prakAza (adhyakSa, itihAsa vibhAga, prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa. saMskRti mora purAtatva vibhAga, DAyarekTara iMsTITyUTa prAva iMDika sTaDIja tathA DIna phaikalTI aba pArTasa kurukSetra vizvavidyAlaya, paMjAba) ne sarva prathama samyakarUpeNa vizleSaNa prastuta kiyA hai. jo paMjAba vizvavidyAlaya, caMDIgar3ha se risarca buleTina ke svatantra pustaka rUpa meM Some Aspect of Indian Cul in the Eve of muslim Invasions "zIrSaka se prakAzita hai| unhoMne aneka aise graMthoM kA upayoga kiyA hai jinheM itihAsakAroM ne abataka upekSita rakhA thaa| una graMthoM ke upayoga se vidvAna itihAsakAra ne tatkAlIna samAja para navIna prakAza DAlA hai jisase tayugIna samAja para vicAra karane kI preraNA milatI hai tathA tatta itihAsa ke, eka bahuta bar3e prabhAva kI pUrti hotI hai| prastuta nibandha meM ukta pustaka se aneka sthaloM para sahAyatA lI gaI hai| 1. zatapatha brAhmaNa, 5, 5, 46, nirukta 38, "apaNDaka jAtaka" bhadaMta pAnanda kauzalyAyana, prathama khaMDa, pR0 136, 1641 pANiniH brAhmaNa, kSatriyaviTazUdrAH vanAmAnupUrveNa pUrvanipAtaH 2 / 2 / 34 vA0 )

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti prantha 142 cAra varNa the| inakA kathana hai ki cAra varNa meM brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra haiM / 2 hemacandra ke samaya se kucha pUrva bhArata kI yAtrA karane vAle araba here meatvit (mRtyu 1048 I0) ne bhArata ke inhIM cAra vargoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| vastutaH ye cAra varNa prAcInakAla se cale bhA rahe haiN| isa aforeter kA preraka tatva nizcaya hI vyakti kA vyavasAya aura karma hI thA, jisa para samAjafrzleSakoM kI dRSTi thI / prAcIna kAla se cAra vargoM meM vibhAjita bhAratIya jAti madhyayuga meM bhI tadanurUpa hI thI / yadyapi varNa-vibhAjana meM janmagata AdhAra kA bIja "kula" aura "vaMza' nAma se thA gayA thA, ' tathApi varNa-vyavasthA meM vyakti ke vyavasAya praura karma kA mahatva apekSAkRta adhika thA / " brAhmaNa hindUsamAja meM brAhmaNoM kI sthiti sarvapramukha thI / sAmAjika, dhArmika, rAjanItika prAdi sabhI pakSoM meM unakI pradhAnatA mAnya thI / prAcIna dharmazAstroM ne inakI utpatti brahmA ke mukha se mAnI hai / kadAcit isI kAraNa inakI maryAdApUrNa sarvoccatA hindU samAja meM thii| prAcArya hemacandra kA kathana hai ki brAhmaNa brahmA kI saMtAna haiN| yahAM "brahmA" se unakA tAtparya hindunoM ke paurANika 'brahmA' se nahIM hai, balki prAdhyAtmika guNa-saMpatti yukta aura sadcaritratA se vibhUSita vyakti "brahmA" ke nAma se saMbodhita kiyA gayA hai| bhrataH "brAhmaNa" zabda unake lie prayukta hotA thA / 5 hemacandra kA dRr3ha mata hai ki jo brAhmaNa sacaritratA, mananazolatA prAdi guNoM se rahita hai tathA apane maulika kartavyoM ko tyAga kara "prAyudhajIvI" (prarthAt astra-zastra se jIvikopArjana karatA hai) ho jAtA hai, vaha mAtra nAma kA hI brAhmaNa hotA hai / # brAhmaNoM ke anya paryAyavAcI nAmoM meM unhoMne " SaTkarmA nAma bhI diyA hai / 10 zukra ke anusAra jo jJAna, karma, devatA yAdi kI upAsanA devatA ke prArAdhana meM tatpara, zAMta, dAMta aura dayAlu thA, vahI brAhmaNa thA / " "SaTkarmoM meM ye karttavya the / 1- veda par3hanA, 2 veda par3hAnA, 3-yajJa karanA 4-yajJa karAnA, 5- dAna lenA, prora 6-dAna 1. catvAra eva varNAzcAturvaNyaMm siddha hai mazabdAnuzAsana, 7 / 2 / 164 / 2. " cAtuvarNya dvijakSatravaizyazUdra nRNA bhidaH " prabhidhAna vintAmaNi, 3 / 807 / 3. "alabarUnI kA bhArata pravAsa dhaura bhramaNa " -- kAzI nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA, varSa 66, aMka 1, saM0 2018, pR0 68-78 4, tahakIka- mAlila - hiMda, pR0 50 ( anuvAdaka, saMkhAu alabarUnIja iMDiyA ) 5. " pUrvamadhyayugIna bhAratIya varNavyavasthA ", banArasa hiMdU yUnivarsiTI jarnala varSa 8, aMka 1, pR0 223-34, 62 6. mahA0, zAMti0, 72. 17-18 brAhmaNAH kSatriyAH vaizyAH zUdrAzca dvijasattamAH / pAdorupakSaH sthalatA mukhatazca samudgatAH / viSNupurANa, 1.6.6 / 7. "brAhmaNo'patyaM brAhmaNaH, siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana, 74|56 / 8. prabhidhAna cintAmaNi, 6, 1416, liMgAnuzAsana, pR0 142, paMkti 20 / E, brAhmaNAnAmni - " yatrAyudhajIvinaH kANDaspaSTA nAma brAhmaNAH bhavanti / prAyudhajIvI brAhmaNa eva brAhmaNaka ityanya | siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana, 7 / 1 / 184 10. " avadAnaM karma zuddha brAhmaNastu trayImukhaH / vara jyeSThaH sUtrakaNThaH SaTakarmA 'mukhasambhavaH bhUdevo vADavo vipro dvayAmyAM jAti-janmajAH abhiyAna cintAmaNi, 3, 1811-11 / 11. jJAna karmopAsanAbhidevatArAdhanerataH / zAMtodAMtodayAnuzca brAhmaNazcaguNoM kRtaH // zukra0 4 //

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denA / " alabarUnI ne bhI brAhmaNoM ke kucha isI prakAra ke kAryoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai| vaha likhatA haiM ki brAhmaNa ke saMpUrNa jIvana meM puNya ke kArya dAna denA hai| vaha nirantara par3he, yajJa kare 2 tathA veda ko par3hAe 13 zukra kA yaha vikalpa hai ki brAhmaNa dAMta ( jitendriya ), kulIna, madhyastha ( samabuddhi), manudvegakArI (komala vacana) ghaTala, paraloka se bhIru ( DaranevAlA), dhArmika, udyogo maura krodharahita ho / hemacandra ne brahmateja unhIM brAhmaNoM meM vartamAna batAyA hai, jinameM AdhyAtmika bala hai / 5 prataH yaha nirvidhAdarUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki samAja meM brAhmaraNoM se sadmAcAra sadvyavahAra, savRtti aura sadbhAva se nivAsa karane kI apekSA kI jAtI thI / "sabhAzRMgAra" nAmaka graMtha meM brAhmaNoM ke lie yaha nirdeza kiyA gayA hai ki jo dhotI aura uttarIya dhAraNa kare, sira bhadra rakhe tathA zikhA phaharAe, bhAla para tilaka lagAe, gAyatrI maMtra kA japa kare, dina meM tIna bAra saMdhyA kare, prAtaH snAna kare, veda par3he, vedAnta kA jJAtA ho, siddhAMta para carcA kareM, deva, guru, RSi aura mitra kA tarpaNa kare, vahI naiSThika brAhmaNa 1. pradhyApanamadhyayanaM yajana yAjanaM tathA / 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. AcArya hemacandra kI dRSTi meM bhAratIya samAja 7. 8. hai / 6 ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki uparilikhita nirdezoM ke viparIta calane vAlA prakRtataH brAhmaNoM kI zreNI meM nahIM zrAtA thA / aisA lagatA hai ki hemacandra ke kAla meM brAhmaNa apane svAbhAvika kattavyoM se vimukha hone lage the tathA vibhinna prakAra ke vyavasAyoM meM ruci lene lage isI lie heMmacandra ne unheM kevala nAma kA brAhmaNa kahA hai aura unake brAhmaNetara kattavyoM kI bhartsanA kI hai| hemacandra svayaM kahate haiM ki kaliMga meM brAhmaNoM ko pratiSThA nahIM hai / 7 isa pratiSThA kA kAraNa apane kartavyoM se cyuta honA to hai hI, sAtha hI unakI vaimanasyatA bhI hai / ve eka dUsare dharmAvalaMbiyoM ke prati dveSa-bhAva rakhate the, kyoMki hemacandra ne 'brAhmaNazramaNam' kA udAharaNa dekara unake manomAlinya kA saMketa kiyA hai / 8 brAhmaNoM ko prAcInakAla se kucha vizeSAdhikAra bhI prApta the, jo rAjanItika, dhArmika, sAmAjika aura bauddhika sabhI prakAra ke the| isa yuga meM bhI brAhmaNoM ko aisI suvidhAeM prApta thIM, jisase ve samAja meM anya vargoM kI apekSA zreSTha samajhe jAte dAnaM pratigrahacaiva brAhmaNAnAmakalpayata || manu0 1.88 / tahakIkamA lihida, pR0 261 / vahI, pR0 270 / dAMtaM kulInaM madhyasthama na gakArasthiram / paratra bhIru dharmiSThAmuktakrodhavajitam / / zukra0 4.436 // sUtra - 'bramhAvacaMsama' - siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana, 7 / 3 / 83 / uttarAsaMga dhotI, saUtarika janoi, hAthi prabItI, 143 fee bhadriyajaM, sikhA pharaharatI, tilaku badhAriyau, gAtrI sAya, trikAla saMdhyArAdhanu, prabhAta snAnu nityadAtu / veda par3hAI, vedAnta jAgara, siddhAMta bakhAi, deva tarpaNu, guru tarparaMtu RSi tarpaNa, pitR tarpaNu, isa una STiku brAhma / 'sabhAvaGgAra' zabdAnuzAsana kA0 nA0 pra0 sabhA, pR0 148 // "na kaligeSu brAhmaNa mahatamam siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana, 502111 / "nirayavairasya", vahI, 3 / 1 / 141 / A

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144 the / prophesara DAkTara buddha prakAza ne prAcArya hemacaMdra kA uddharaNa dete hue brAhmaNoM kI vizeSa suvidhAoMoM prAraNa daMDa, zArIrika daMDa Adi kI samIkSA kI hai / " bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti graMtha brAhmaNoM ko prApattikAla meM jaba kartavya se cyuta honA par3atA thA, taba unheM poSaNa ke lie brAhmaNetara vyavasAya apanAnA par3atA thA / isa taraha ke prApattikAlika karmoM kA nirdeza bhAratIya dharmazAstrakAroM ne kiyA hai| aisI avasthA meM itara karma ko grahaNa karane vAlA brAhmaraNa kevala nAma kA brAhmaNa hotA thA, karma se vaha brAhmaNa nahIM hotA thA / prApattikAla meM brAhmaNa 'AyudhajIvI', 'vyApAroparja vI' 3 tathA 'byAjopajIvI' ho sakatA thA / kintu prAcArya hemacandra ne brAhmaNoM kA itara karma nidya mAnA hai aura sAmAjika dRSTi se anucita niddiSTa kiyA hai| unakA mata hai ki jo brAhmaNa soma kA vikraya karatA hai, dho kA vikraya karatA hai tathA tela kA vikraya karatA hai vaha niMdanIya hai / 5 nizcaya hI prAcArya hemacaMdra kA vicAra brAhmaNoM ke prati taTastha sA hai / unake vicAra se 4 3. manu0 10.86 / 4. kRtyakalpataru, gRhasthakAMDa, 214 - 21 / the the, 7 the, pratyeka varNa ko apanA karma karanA caahie| kintu isI yuga ke kucha aise udAharaNa milate haiM jinase spaSTa hotA hai ki brAhmaNa vibhinna karmoM ko karate / brAhmaNa maMtrI hote the, nagara pramukha hote daMDanAyaka hote the, mUrtikAra hote abhilekhoM ke racayitA hote the / 10 ve rASTra aura rAjA kI rakSA apanI salAha dekara karate the / 51 vikrama saMvat 1213 ke kumArapAla ke nADIla abhilekha meM usake maMtrI kA nAma vahar3adeva likhA hai, jo saMbhavataH usake prAraMbhika rAjyakAla meM udayana kA putra thaa| vaha daMDAdhipati ke sAthasAtha mahAmAtya bhI thA / 12 1. Buddha Prakash: Some Aspects of Indian Culture of Muslim Invasions, P. 39. 2. EI, II, 301. hemacaMdra ne vibhinna pradezoM ke brAhmaNoM ke lie usa pradeza ke nAma ke sAtha unako saMbodhita kiyA hai, jaise saurASTra meM nivAsa karane vAle brAhmaNa 'saurASTrika' athavA 'surASTra brAhmaNa' kahe jAte the, avaMti meM nivAsa karane vAle 'avaMti brAhmaNa' se jAne jAte the tathA kAzI deza meM basane vAle 'kAzI brAhmaNa' se abhihita the / 13 'pAMcAla brAhmaNoM on the Eve 11.EI., I, P. 293. 5. zabdAnuzAsana, 5 / / 156 / 6. rAjataraMgiNI, 8, 108, BI, 332; IHQ., XV, p. 581. 7, rAjatara giraNI, 7. 108 / 5. EI., II, 301, 6. bakulasvAmI ( giranAra abhilekha, RLARBP. 322) 10. kamolI pleTa meM manoratha, EI, II, 394; somezvara gujarAta meM EI I, 31; cAlukya zIma dvitIya ke antargata mAdhava EI, XV, 57. 12. rAsamAlA, pratyAya 13, pR0 231 / 13, surASTre brahmA surASTraH yaH surASTre vasati sa saurASTrako brAhmaNa ityarthaH evamavanti brAhmaNaH kAzi brAhmaNa:- siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana, 73|107 /

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bhAcArya hemacandra kI dRSTi meM bhAratIya samAja 145 kA bhI ullekha hemacaMdra ne kiyaa| hai' prataH' zabda ko 'kSatrAttrANama' se niHsRta mAnA hai| 4 hemacaMdra dvArA die gae, vibhinna pradezoM ke brAhmaNoM 'kSatAttrANama', arthAt unakA karma thA anya tIna ke ina ullekhoM se unakI vyApakatA aura unakA varNoM ke logoM ko hAni athavA bhaya se rakSA vistAra prakaTa hotA hai / sAtha hI yaha bhI spaSTa krnaa| hemacaMdra ne 'kSatriya' aura 'rAjana' zabda para hotA hai ki una pradezoM ke brAhmaNoM kA samAja meM vicAra karate hue likhA hai ki kSatriya jAti ke utkRSTa sthAna thaa| mabhiSikta vyakti 'rAjanya' ke nAma se abhihita maura kSatriyetara jAti ke prazAsaka vyakti "rAjanya' ke nAma se saMbodhita kie jAte the| yahI nahIM. rAjanItika dRSTi se kSatriyoM kA mahatva hiMdU hemacaMdra ne saghIya zAsama meM bhAga lene ke adhikArI samAja meM pramukha thaa| samAja ke paripoSaNa aura kSatriya' kula ke vyaktiyoM ko bhI 'rAjanya' nAma rakSaNa meM unakA abhUtapUrva yoga thA / deza pora diyA hai| mAH isa vivecana se spaSTa hai ki janatA kI vyavasthA kA rakSAtmaka aura nirdezAtmaka kSatriya varNa ke aMtargata 'rAjana' aura 'rAjanya' bhAra kSatriya samudAya para thaa| madhyakAla meM hI donoM pAte the| nahIM, prAcInakAla meM bhI jaba-jaba deza para zatra moM karma kI dRSTi se kSatriyoM kA karma atyaMta kA bhAkramaNa humA, kSatriyoM ne ekaniSThatA aura mahatvapUrNa thaa| zaka ke anusAra jo loka kI rakSA sAhasa ke sAtha deza aura prajA kI rakSA kii| prataH karane meM dakSa, bIra, dAMta, parAkramI paura duSToM ko zUratA mora vIratA kI dRSTi se kSatriyoM kA mAna daMDa dene vAlA ho, vahI kSatriya hai / . prAcArya samAja meM brAhmaNoM kI apekSA kama nahIM thaa| navI hemacandra ne kSatriyoM ko "zaratA"ko hI "paruSArtha" zatI ke arabI lekhaka inakhurdAjyA ne likhA hai ki mAnA hai / aisA lagatA hai hemacandra ne kSatriyoM kSatriyoM ke samukha sabhI sira jhukAte haiM, lekina ve ke "puruSArtha" ke aMtargata sabhI karmoM ko nihita kara kisI ko sira nahIM mukAte / 2 isa kathana se liyA / hemacandra ke pUrvavartI samrAT bhoja kI yaha itanA spaSTa hai ki unakA samAja meM bhAdarAtmaka vyavasthA hai ki "jo bIra, utsAhI zaraNa dene aura sthAna thaa| rakSA karane meM samartha, hada aura vizAla zarIra vAle hemacaMdra ne 'kSatriya' zabda ko' kSatra 'zabda se the, ve saMsAra meM kSatriya hue| unakA kAma brAhmaNoM vyutpanna 'iya' pratyaya ke sAtha jAti partha meM prayukta ke lie nirdiSTa kAryoM ke pratirikta vikrama. prajA honA btaayaa| kiMtu lakSmIpara ne 'kSatriya' kI rakSA, unake bhAga prAdi kA prabandha aura vyavasthA - - 1. paMcAlasya brAhmaNasya rAjA pAMcAla. paMcAlasya brAhmaNasyApatyaM vA pAMcAlaH vahI, 6 / 1 114 2. kitAbula-masAlika-bal mamAlika, pR071, lIDana, 1886 3. 'kSatrAdityaH 'kSatrasthApatyaM kSatriyaH bAtizceta 'siuhemazabdAnuzAsana, 6 // 1 / 63 / 4. kRtyakalpataru, gRhastha0, pR0 252 / 5. 'jAtau rAmaH-''rAjan zabdAdapatyai jAto gamyamAnAyAM ya: pratyayo bhavati, yathA-rAmo'patyaM ___ rAjanyaH kSatriyajAtizcet / rAjano'nyaH |-sibhemshbdaanushaasn, 6 / 1692 / 6. 'rAjanyAvimyo'kam'-vahI, 6 / 2 / 66 // 7. zuka0, 1.41 // 8. kSatriyaH puruSANAM puruSeNu vA dhUratam '-siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana, 222 // 10 //

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti graMtha karanA thaa| prataH hemacandra dvArA nirdiSTa hai| kintu, 'sabhAzrazrRMgAra' nAmaka graMpa se "kSatriya" varga ke puruSArtha kA bhASya bhoja ke upari- rAjapUta kSatriyoM ke chatIsa varga milate haiM / jo isa likhita kathana se bhale prakAra ho jAtA hai / eka prakAra haiM : "paramAra, rAThaura, cauhANa, (cauhAna sthala para prAcArya hemacandra ne kSatriyoM ke pAMca nAma yA cAhamAna), gahilota (gihalota) dahiyA, sevA, die haiM, jo isa prakAra haiM- "kSatram, kSatriya, rAjA, borI, bagachA, solaMkI, sIsodiyA, kheramArI, rAjanya aura bAhu saMbhava / 2 lekina itanA nAkubha, gohila, cAvar3A, jhAlA. chUra, kAgavA, avazya hai ki kSatriya varga kA mukhya kArya prajA aura jeThavA, rohara, vasa, borar3a. khocI, kharavar3a, zAsana kI dekhabhAla karanA thaa| isa sambandha meM DoDiyA, haripar3a, DAbhI, taMbhara, korar3a, goDa, bharavayAtrI alabIrUnI kA kathama yuktiyukta hai:- makavAr3A, yAdaba, kachavAhA, mATI, sonigarA. "kSatrIya veda ko par3hatA hai par3hAtA nahIM / vaha yajJa devar3A, caMdrAvata / " ye chattIsa, rAjakula the jo karatA hai, purANoM ke niyamAnusAra pAcaraNa karatA bhArata ke vibhinna pradezoM meM nivAsa karate the| hai| vaha prajA para zAsana karatA hai aura unakI rakSA Upara ke vizleSaNa se spaSTa hai ki hemacandra ke karatA hai| kyoMki vaha isI nimitta paidA kiyA samaya kSatriyoM kA pradhAna karma pUrva-nirdiSTa thA tathA gayA hai| 3 deza ke vibhinna bhAgoM meM vAsa karane se unake vibhinna prAcArya hemacandra ne vibhinna pradezoM meM rahane nAma ho gae the, jo kAlAMtara meM jAkara aneka vAle kSatriyoM ko pradeza nAma ke sAtha jor3a kara zreNiyoM meM ho gae tathA usI prakAra unake nAma navIna mAma diyA hai| unake anusAra magadha meM bhI parivartita ho ge| "mAgagha jAti" ke kSatriya vAsa karate the| 4 isI prakAra yaudheya, mAlava, pAMcAla Adi jAti ke vezya kSatriya usa pradeza meM basate the / hemacandra ne bhAratIya samAja meM rASTra kI arthanIti "ikSvAku vaMza ke kSatriyoM ko "mAdi kSatriya" mAnA vyApAra-praNAlI kA sarvathA bhAra vaizyoM ke hAtha hai| bhoja paramAra ke nAma para mAlavA ke thaa| deza aura samAja kI prArthika sthiti ko sAta paramAra kSatriyoM ko inhoMne 'bhojavaMzajA' mAnA aura susaMgaThita banAne ke lie vaizya varga ko niyojita 1. yetu zurA mahotsAhAH zaraNyA rakSaNa kSamAH // havyAyata dehAzca kSatriyAstu ihAbhavan / vikramolokasarakSA vibhAgo vyavasAyitA / / samarAMgaNamUtradhAra, 7. 11-12 / 2. 'kSatra tu kSatriyoM rAjA, rAjanyo vAhusaMbhavaH' / abhidhAnacintAmaNi, 3.863 / 3. tahakIka-mAli-hiMda, pR0 274 / 4. 'magadhAnAM rAjA, magadhasyApatyaM vA mAgadhaH-' siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana, 6 / 1 / 116 // 5. 'ikSvAkuH Adi kSatriyaH'-uraNAdisUtravRtti, 756 / 6. 'bhojyA-bhojavaMzajA kSatriyAH'-siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana, 2 / 4 / 1 / 7. sabhAzRMgAra, pR0 146 // noTa:-kalhaNa ne apanI "rAjataraMgiNI" (7.1617) meM bhI rAjapUtoM ke 36 kuloM kA nirdeza kiyA hai, jisase spaSTa hotA hai ki ye 'kula' 12 vIM sadI ke bahuta pahale sarvavidita the|

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AcArya hemacandra kI dRSTi meM bhAratIya samAja kiyA gayA thaa| prataH rASTra ke pArthika vyavahAra vaizya kA dharma hai ki khetI kare, bhUmi ko jote, pazu kA saMcAlana vazya karate the| pAle pora brAhmaNoM kI prAvazyakatA ko pUrI prAcArya hemacandra ne "vaizya" ke lie "prayaM" kare / 7 vaizyoM ke vyApAra karane kA nirdeza zabda kA prayoga kiyA haiN| unakA yaha zabda alabIrUnI ne nahIM kiyA hai / alabIrUno ke pUrvavartI prayoga. pANini ke prAdhAra para hai| pANini ne bhI bharavalekhaka inakhurdAgbA ne vaizyoM ko kArIgara aura "vazya" ke lie "bhayaM" vyavahata kiyA hai| 2 ghara-gRhasthI ke kAryoM meM nipuNa batAyA hai / 8 aisA pratIta hotA hai ki hemacandra ne pANini ke hemacandra se kucha hI pahale hone vAle parabalekhaka tatsaMbaMdhI satra ko thor3e parivartana ke sAtha grahIta kara mala-idarIsI ne vaizyoM ko kalA-kauzala meM nipuNa liyaa| hemacandra ne vaizyoM ke chaH nAma die haiN| "maryA. tathA misrI nirdiSTa kiyA hai| prataH spaSTa bhamisparzaH, vaizyA, UravyA UrujAH paura vishH|| hai ki prAcArya hemacandra ke kAla taka pAte-pAte isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki hemacandra ke kAla taka vaizyoM vaizyoM ke karmoM meM kAphI parivartana hotA gyaa| ke lie uparilikhita chahoM nAma pracalita the| kevala vyAvasAyika kArya se hI ve sambaddha the| vaizyoM kA pramukha kArya thA, pazuJoM kI rakSA hemacandra ne vyApAra karane vAle vaizyoM ko pATha karanA, dAna denA, yajJa karanA, veda par3hanA, vyAja prakAra kA batalAyA hai : "vArigajaH, vaNika, lenA aura khetI karanA / isa sambandha meM krayavikrayika, paNyAjIbI, bhApaNika, naigamaH, hemacandra kA kathana hai ki vANijya, pazupAlana aura Ryika, paura kryii| 10 vastue kharIdane vAloM kRSi vaizyoM ko pradhAna vRttiyAM haiN| unhoMne ko unhoMne tIna nAma die haiM, krAyaka, Ryika aura inake chaha AjIvikA kA bhI nirdeza kiyA hai, kryii|" isI taraha tIna nAma vastueM becane jo isa prakAra hai 'prAjIva, jIvanama, vArtA, jIvikA, vAle ko bhI die haiM : vikrAyaka, vikrayika paura vRtti aura vetana / 6 pralabIkhnI kA kathana hai ki vikrayI 12 / 1. 'svAmivazye'rya:'-siraheMmazabdAnuzAsana, 511 / 33 / 2. aryaH svAmi vaizyayo - pANini0, 3. 10. 103 / 3. "praryA bhUmispazoM vaizyA, UravyA UrujA viza:'-prabhidhAna cintAmaNi, 3.864 / 4. manu0 160. ko0 ma0, 1.37, zukra0 1.42 / 5. "vANijyaM pAzupAlyaM ca, karSaNa ceti vRttayaH / "mabhidhAna cintAmaNi, 3.864 / 6. 'prAjIvo jIvanaM vArtA, jIvikA vRtti vetana-vahI, 3.865 / 7. tahakIka-mAlil-hiMda, pR0 271 / / 8. E., Vol. II, p. 16. 6. Ibid., p. 76. 10. 'satyAnRtaM tu vAriNajyaM vANijyA pariNajo vaNika / krayavikrayikaH paNyAjIvA''pariNakanaMgamAH // abhidhAnacintAmaNi, 3.867 / 11. vahI 3.868 / 12. vahI /

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140 : bAbU choTekhAla jaina smRti pranya ___DA0 prattekara ' aura dhurye 2 kA mata sUryavaMzIya. harivaMzIya upakulI, bhogakulI, solaMkIya hai ki vaizya kAlAntara meM pAda kI sthiti taka mA guhilla, ucca, paramAra, pratihAra, caulukya, sakala gae / kintu hemacandra ke uparilikhita vivaraNa ke pramukha kSatriya; zilpakAra, svarNakAra, pramukha vaizya vivecana se yaha spaSTa parilakSita hotA hai ki madhya- varNa; pramukha, saudra / " kAla meM pezyoM kI sthiti zUdroM ke samAnAntara nahIM isa varNana se vaizyoM kI nimnatA nahIM jhalakatI thI, balki prAcIna kAla se unakA jo sthAna samAja meM hai| grAma prapavA nagara meM ye eka sAtha rahate the aura meM thA, vaha aba bhI thaa| maMtara kevala eka bAta apane vyavasAya kA pAlana karate the| vastutaH vaMzyoM kA thA, vaha yaha ki unako prAcIna kAla meM jo ke stara ke sambandha meM DA. altekara aura DA. adhikAra veda par3hane kA thA, vaha isa kAla meM dhurye kA kathana yuktiyukta nhiiN| mAcArya hemacandra sambhavataH grAbaddha sA ho gayA thaa| kintu isakA kA kathana hI vaizyoM ke vyavasAya aura unakI sthiti yaha partha nahIM ki unakI avasthA zUdroM ke samakakSa kA sarva prakAreNa pratinidhitva karatA hai, jisakI thI / bhAratIya grAma vibhinna jAti ke logoM ke saMpuSTi "sabhAtha gAra" ke upayukta vana se pAvAsa se sarvathA paripUrNa hote the / grAma athavA hotI hai| zahara kI prAvazyakatAmoM kI prati karane vAle sabhI vyavasAya ke loga usameM rahate the jisameM kevala vaizya zUdra aura zUdra hI nahIM brAhmaNa aura kSatriya bhI zAmila bhAratIya sAmAjika prAcAra-vicAra aura the| prataH vaizya kAlAntara meM zUdroM ke stara taka pA vyavahAra-krama meM zUdroM kA sthAna anya boM kI ge| yuktisaMgata nhiiN| "sabhAtha gAra" ke eka tulanA meM cauthA sthAna thaa| samAja ke anya vaNoM varNana se vidita hotA hai ki nagara meM aneka vyava- ke karmoM aura adhikAroM kI apekSA inake adhikAra sAyoM ko karane vAle tathA sabhI varNa ke loga aura karma sImita the / na unheM beda paDane kA nivAsa karate the adhikAra thA, na vyApAra karane kaa| samAja kI sarvavidhipUrvaka sevA karanA hI unakA mukhya karma tathA mahAsArthavAha, imya zreSTi, vyavahArika, thaa| Izvara kI bhora se zUdra kA ekamAtra karma dIpika, naistika; pramukha prastoka, kavi araNaloka; brAhmaNa, kSatriya aura vaizya, tInoM varaNa kI sudha SA tathA suvarNakAra, kAMsyakAra, daMtakAra, lohakAra, karanA hI prAcIna dharma zAstroM meM batAyA gayA hai| 4 zilpakAra; rathakAra, sUtradhAra, sUpakAra, citrakAra, kubhakAra, mAlAkAra rUpa pramukha basaI; nagara hemacandra ne do prakAra ke zUdra 5 vatalAe zAtIya, zrImAlajJAtIya, DIDavAla, saDeravAla, haiM, eka AryAvarta meM rahane vAle aura dUsare mAryAvarta jAlaMdharIya, satyapurIya, pramukha brAhmaNa ; somavaMzIya, ke bAhara rahane vAle / AryAvarta meM rahane vAle zUdroM 1. The Rashtrakutas and their Times, pp. 332-33. P. Caste and class in India, pp. 57,64, 88, 96. 3. sabhAgAra, pR0 11 / 4. ekamevatu, zUdrasyA prabhuH karmasamAdizat / eteSAmeva varNAnAM zuzraSAmanasUyayA // manu0 2.61, yAjJa0 51.20, mahA0 zAMti0, 72.8 / 5. "pAtra yazUdrasya'-sibahemazabdAnuzAsana, 3 / 1 / 43 /

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prAcArya hemacandra kI dRSTi meM bhAratIya samAja - 146 ke do varga the, pAtra yA paura apAtra yA / jo zUdra rakhakara 'prArya' ho sakate the| agara aitihAsika abhijAtya varga ke bartanoM meM bhojana-pAna kara sakate tathyoM ko dekhA jAya to prAcArya hemacandra kA kathana the tathA mAMjane se vartana zuddha ho jAte the,' ve sarvAzataH kharA utaratA hai / giri-pazcima zAsana pAna yA nAma se saMbodhita kie ge| paura jo ke durjaya parivAra aura velanAMhu ke pradhAna, mahAzUdra isa yogya nahIM the ve apAtra yA kahe ge| maMDalezvara pada taka pahuMca gae the, jo zUdra the / / zUdroM ke viSaya meM samrAT bhoja kA vikalpa hai ki yadyapi DA0 ghoSAla kA yaha mata hai ki isa kAla ne mAna kA khyAla na karane vAle, pUrNa rUpa se (1000I0 se 1300 I.) kI kRtiyAM aura pavitra na rahane vAle, cugalakhora aura dharma se virata TIkAeM zUdroM ke vyavasAya aura stara ke sambandha meM rahane vAle zUdra jAti ke aMtargata he| kauzala purAkAlIna smRtiyoM kA anusaraNa karatI hai| dikhAkara, mukha se vizeSa prakAra kI AvAja nikAla parantu yaha kathana pUrNataH ekAMgI hai| isa sara kara. kArIgarI aura paza-pAlana se jIvikA calAnA meM prophesara DA. buddha prakAza ne lakSmIvara kA tathA brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya-tInoM varNa kI sevA uddharaNa dete hue isa mata kI sthApanA kI hai ki karanA unakA pradhAna dharma hai / 2 bhoja ke isa zuddha mastiSka vAlA ( athavA sacaritra) zA. kathana se spaSTa hotA haiM ki jo zUdra mAnI aura bhraSTa brAhmaNa kSatriya aura vaizya se acchA pavitra the tathA dharma-pAlana karate the, ve zUdra varga se thA / 7 nizcaya hI isa yuga ke lekhakoM ne UMce rahate the| prAcArya hemacandra ne bhI isa para purAnI lIka kA anusaraNa na kara yuga kI mAMga kA vicAra kiyA hai| unakA yaha dRr3ha mata hai ki samarthana kiyA hai| jaisA ki Upara nirdiSTa kiyA zIlavAna vyakti hI 'prArya hai| jo vyakti gayA hai prAcArya hemacandra aura samrAT bhoja kA jJAna, darzana aura caritra rakhatA hai, vahI bhArya yaha mata hai ki zUdra pavitratA, dharmAnusaraNa, jJAna, hai / isa prakAra zUdra bhI inhIM guNoM ko aura darzana se 'mArya' pada ko prApta kara sakatA hai| 1. "yabhukta pAtra saMskAreNa zuddhayati te pAtramahantIti pAtra yAH", vahI, 3 / 1 / 143 / 2. nAtimAnabhRto nAti zucayaH pizunAzca ye| te zUdrajAtayo jAtA nAti dharmaratAzcaye / kalArambhopajIvityaM zilpitA pazupoSaNam / varNAtritayazuzruSA dharmasteSAmudAhRtaH // samarAMgaNasUtradhAra, 7. 15 16 / 3. 'zIlamasmAkaM svam'-siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana, 2 / 1 / 21 / 4. 'praryati guNAn prApnotIti mAryaH' / vahI / %. Ganguly, D. C.: The Eastern Calukyas, p. 170 6. "The description of Sudra's occupation and Status in the come ntaries and digests of this period followed the old Smriti lines." The Struggle for Empire p. 475. 7 "Inspite of these caste-complexes, the position of the lower classes improved during this period. Laksmidhara held that a pure-minded Sudra was better than a notorious Brahmana, Ksatriya or Vaisya. Some Aspects of Indian Culture on the eve of Muslim Invasions. p. 39.

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti grantha 150 'yahI nahIM, meghAtithi ke kAla meM zUdroM kI sAmAjika sthiti aura unakA vyavasAya sadbhAvanA kI dRSTi se dekhA gayA hai / medhAtithi aura vizvarUpa donoM ne yaha AdhAra liyA hai ki zUdra na sevaka banAe jA sakate haiM, na brAhmaNa para nirbhara kie jA sakate haiM / ve vyAkaraNa tathA anya vidyAoM ke zikSaka ho sakate haiM, smRtiyoM dvArA nirdiSTa una sabhI kRtyoM ko sampanna kara sakate haiM, jo granya varaNoM ke lie haiM / 1 ataH yaha samIkSA DA0 ghoSAla ke mata kA svayaM khaMDana kara detI hai tathA madhyakAlIna zUdroM kI sthiti aura samAja meM unake sthAna kI uccatA digdarzita karatI hai / ra prAcArya hemacandra ne kumhAra, nApita, bar3haI, lohAra, tantubAya- bunakara, rajaka dhobI, takSa, prayaskAra, prAdi varga ke logoM ko zudra ke aMtargata mAnA hai / unake anusAra zUdroM ke chaha nAma the, zUdra, anya varNa, vRSala, padyaH, pajjaH zraura jaghanyaja / 'prAbhIra' jAti ko hemacandra ne 'mahAzUdra' kahA hai| kAtyAyana ne bhI 'mahAzUdra' svIkAra kiyA hai / isa prakAra zUdroM meM bhI mahAzUdra the, jo sambhavataH zaka, hUraNa aura yavana jaisI videzI jAtiyoM ke logoM kI taraha the / 3 * 5 anya nimna jAtiyAM 6 7 ina cAra kaNoM ke atirikta samAja meM dhIra bhI aneka jAtiyAM thIM, jo ina vargoM kI apekSA nimna thIM, jinakA kArya bhI nimna thA prAcArya hemacandra ne pradhAnataH teraha jAtiyAM batAI haiM, jo anuloma-pratiloma ke kAraNa banI thIM, jinheM ve mizra jAti kahate haiM / mizra jAtiyAM ye thiiN| "mUrdhAvasikta, ambaSTha, parAzaya, niSAda, mAhiSya, ugra, karaNa, prAyogava, kSatA, caNDAla, mAgagha, vaidehaka, sUta bhaura rathakAraka / aisI jAtiyoM ke viSaya meM aparArka kA kathana hai ki cAMDAla, pukkasa, bhilla, pArasI, mahApAtakiyoM se chU jAne para savastra ( sacaila ) snAna kare / 5 ataH isa kathana se spaSTa hotA hai ki ye jAtiyAM aspRzya thIM / AcArya hemacandra ne "dhobI" ko "zUdra" ke aMtargata rakhA hai jabaki saMvarta kA kathana hai ki kaivarta (ve. baTa yA mallAha), mRgayu (mRga mArane vAlA), vyAdha ( baheliyA), zauni (kasAI), zAkunika (cir3ImAra ) tathA rajaka (dhobI) praspRzya haiN| alabarUnI ne ina praspRzya jAtiyoM ke prATa varga batAe haiN| dhovI, mocI, madArI, TokarI, maura DhAra banAne vAle, mAjhI (nAvika ) machumrA ( machalI mArane vAle), pazu-pakSI hiMsaka aura bunkr| vaha 1. medhAtithi - manu0 3.67, 121, 156, 10. 127 / 2. siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana, 6 / 1 / 102 / 3. zUdro'ntyavarNo vRSalaH padyaH pajjo jaghanyajaH / abhidhAnacintAmaNi, 3864 / 4. ' kathaM mahAzUdro - zrAbhIjAti: nAtra zUdra zabdo jAtivAMcI ki tahi mahAzUdrazabdaH / yatra tu zUdra eva jAtivAcI tatra bhavatyeva DIniSedha: / mahatI cAsau zUdrA ca mahAzUdreti siddha hemazabdAnu zAsana, 2|4|54 / 5. 41174 | . Some Aspects of Indian Culture on the Eve of Muslim Invasions, pp. 40, 111-17. 7. zrabhidhAnaciMtAmaNi, 3. 864-66 / 8. praparArka, pR0 263 / 9. savata- vahI, pR0 1166 /

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151 bhAcArya hemacandra kI dRSTi meM bhAratIya samAja mAge kahatA hai ki hAr3I, Doma, cAMDAla aura badhatI 8. kSatA : jinakI utpatti zudra puruSa aura nimnatama kArya karate haiN|' kSatriya strI se huI thI ve "kSattA" kahe ge| hemacandra 2 ne ina jAtiyoM kI utpatti ke . caNDAla : zUdra puruSa pora brAhmaNa strI se viSaya meM prakAza DAlA hai, jinase yaha vidita hotA jinakA janma humA ve "caNDAla" kI zreNI meM hai ki ye jAtiyAM kaise utpanna huii| prAe / 10. mAgadha : inakA janma vaizya puruSa paura 1. mUrdhAvasikta : jo vyakti brAhmaNa puruSa kSatriya strI se humA thA, isa kAraNa inakA nAma paura kSatriya strI ke saMyoga se utpanna huA, vaha, "mAgadha" humA / "mUrdhAvasikta"kahA gyaa| 11. vaidehaka: jo vyakti vaizya puruSa aura 2. ambaSTha: ve the jo brAhmaNa puruSa aura bAdAya strI se paidA hae ve "vaidehaka" kI zreNI vazya strI se paidA hue the| meM paae| 3. parAzava niSAda : jo bhAdamI brAhmaNa 12. sUta : isa nAma se ve loga abhihita puruSa zUdra strI ke milana se utpanna humA thA, vaha hue jo kSatriya puruSa paura brAhmaNa strI ke saMyoga se "parAzava niSAda" kahA gyaa| utpanna hue| 4. mAhidhya : varga ke loga ve the jo kSatriya 13. rathakAraka : jo vyakti mAhiSya puruSa puruSa aura vaizya strI se utpanna hue the| (kSatriya puruSa aura vaizya strI se jo utpanna the) aura karaNI strI (jo strI vaizya puruSa aura zUdra 5. ugra : kSatriya puruSa aura zudra strI se jo strI ke saMyoga se paidA huI thI ) se utpanna humA ho, utpanna hue ve "ugra" khlaae| vaha rathakAraka kahA gyaa| 6. karaNa : ve the jo vaizya puruSa aura zUdra isa taraha prAcArya hemacandrakA upayukta vivaraNa strI se paidA hue the| tatkAlIna samAja ko navIna upalabdhi hai tathA 7. Ayoga : jo zUdra puruSa paura vaizya strI tayugIna samAja tadayugIna samAja ke svarUpa ko vyakta karane meM naI ke saMyoga se utpanna hue, ve prAyogava khlaae| dizA pradAna karatA hai / / 1. tahakIka-mAlil-hiMda, pR0 50 / 2. kSatriyAyAM dvijAd mUrdhAvasikto vistriyAM punH|| ambaSTho'tha pArazavaniSAdI zUdrayoSiti / kSatrAd mAhiSyo vaizyAyAmugrastu vRSalastriyam // vaizyAt tu karaNaH zUdrAt tvAyogavo vizaH striyAm / kSatriyAyAM punaH kSatrA, caNDAlo brAhmaNastriyAm / / vaizyAt tu mAgadhaH kSatra yAM, vaideha ko dvistriyAm / sUtastu kSatriyAjjata, iti dvAdaza tadbhidaH / / mAhiSyeNa tu jAtaH syAt, karaNyAM rathakArakaH / prabhidhAnacintAmaNi, 3.865-66 / 3. manu ke anusAra bhI cAMDAla kI utpatti zUdra pitA aura brAhmaNI mAtA se huI thI manu0 10.12 /

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azanaM me vasanaM me jAyA me baMdhuvargo me / iti me me kurvANaM, kAlavRko inti puruSAjam || artha -- yaha merA bhojana hai, yaha merA kapar3A hai, yaha merI strI hai, ye merI kuTumbI gae haiM; isa taraha me me karane vAle bakare ko kAla / (mauta) rUpI bher3iyA mAra DAlatA hai| anugantu satAM vartma, kRtsnaM yadi zakyate / svalpamapyanugantavyaM mArgastho nAvasIdati / / yadi sajjana puruSoM ke kAryakalApoM kA pUrNa rUpa se anugamana nahIM kara sakate ho to thor3A-thor3A hI karo kyoM ki rAste para lagA huvaa| manuSya eka na eka dina avazya hI ThikAne pahuMca jAtA hai, idhara-udhara / bhaTakatA nahIM /

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5vIM zatI ke prAkRta grantha vasudeva hinDo kI rAma kathA . (sItA rAvaNa kI putrI thI, isakA sabase prAcIna pramANa ) * agara canda nAhaTA bhAratIya jana-mAnasa meM vaise to bhaneka devI-deva- matabheda hai| zrI bulke ne una mata bhedoM ko 4 tAmoM ke prati mAdara kI bhAvanA dikhAI detI vibhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| hai, para unameM se sabase adhika prAdara loka jIvana meM 1-"janakAtmAjA-mahAbhArata, harivaMza, paumajina mahApuruSoM ke prati dikhAI detA hai ve haiM, rAma cariya, mAdirAmAyaNa / paura kRSNa / bhAratIya janatA kA sabase pahalA, mukAva 2-bhUmijA-vAlmIki rAmAyaNa tathA bhadhito prakRti devatA sUrya, agni prAdi ke prati dikhAI . kAMza rAma kthaaeN| detA hai-phira indra prAdi devoM ke prati / anta meM (2) dazaratha tathA manakA kI mAnasI putrI%B manuSyoM ko hI unake viziSTha guNoM ke kAraNa bAlmIki rAmAyaNa ke uttarIya pATha avatAra mAnate huye unakI pUjA karane lage / rAma (3) devavatI tathA lakSmI kA avatAra / paura kRSNa tathA mahAvIra aura buddha aise hI mahApuruSa 3-sItA mora laMkA-rAvaNAtmajA-(1) guNape jinakI loka mAnasa para gaharI chApa hai / rAma kA bhadra kRta uttara purANa, mahAbhAgavata purANa paritra vAstava meM hI eka prAdarza rahA hai bhataH unake (2) kAzmIrI rAmAyaNa pAzcAtya vRtAnta carita kA jitanA bhI pracAra ho, acchA hI hai| naM. 16 (3) tibbatI tathA khotAnI rAmAyaNa rAma kathA ko lekara deza aura videzoM meM itane (4) serata kANDa, serI rAma kA pAtAnI pATha madhika sAhitya kA nirmANa huvA hai ki una savakI (5) rAmakiyena (re prAma kera ?) / pUrI jAnakArI prApta kara lenA bahuta kaThina hai| (prA) padamA-dazAvatAra caritra (11 vIM ga. rebareMDa phAdara kAmila bulke ne isa sambandha meM jo za. I.) (2) govinda rAja kA vAlmIki rAmAyaNa mahatvapUrNa khoja kI hai| usase-'rAma kathA saMbaMdha sAhitya kI yadyapi kucha jhAMko mila jAtI hai tathApi (i) raktajA-adbhuta rAmAyaNa (15 vIM abhI bahuta se aise graMpa haiM, jinakI mora unakA za. I.) (2) siMhala dvIpa kI rAma kathA evaM anya dhyAna hI nahIM gyaa| aise hI eka mahatvapUrNa prAkRta vividha bhAratIya vRttAnta / bhASA ke jaina kathA graMtha 'vasudeva hinDI' meM varNita (I) agnijA-(1) prAnanda rAmAyaNa (15 rAma kathA ko yahAM prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai| vIM za. I.) (2) pAzcAtya vRttAnta naM. 16 (3) pahapraya saMghadAsa gaNi vAcaka ne 5 vIM zatAbdI meM pAzcAtya vRttAnta nN.1| banAyA thaa| vaise isameM zrI kRSNa ke pitA vasudeva kI (4) dazarathAtmajA-(1) dazaratha jAtaka (2) bhramaNa vRttAntoM kA varNana pradhAna hai para anya jAvA ke rAma kaliMga, malaya ke serI rAma tathA bhaneka kathAeM va prasaMga bhI isameM variNata haiN| hikAyata mahArAja rAvaNa / " rAma kathA meM sItAjI kA pramukha sthAna hai| pAThakoM ko yadyapi yaha vicitra sA lagegA para unakI utpatti ke sambandha meM kAphI vivAda yA kintu yaha eka tabhya sA lagatA hai ki sItA vastutaH

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti grantha banaka kI putrI nahIM thii| use to cAhe vaha kisI pAyA hai ki-vetAr3ha ya parvata kI dakSiNa zreriNa meM hI rUpa meM prApta huI ho, saMyoga se mila gaI thii| parijayapura nAma ke nagara meM meghanAda nAmaka rAjA bAta cAhe aura bhI vicitra lage para bauddha jAtakoM meM thaa| usakI rAnI zrI kAntA ke garbha se padmazrI to sItA ko dazaratha kI putrI aura rAma kI bahana nAma kI eka rUpavatI kanyA janamI / yauvana avasthA taka batAyA gayA hai| prApta hone para usake rUpa ko carcA vidyAvaroM meM sva. zrI nAthUrAmajI 'premI' ne apane jana sarvatra phaila gii| meghanAda ne padama zrI ke vivAha ke sAhitya aura itihAsa meM rAma kathA kI vividha sambandha meM naimittika se pUchA to usane kahA ki yaha ghArAmoM kA ullekha karate haye prabhRta rAmAyaNa, kanyA to kisI cakravartI kI mAnItA rAnI hogii| bauddha jAtaka aura jaina uttara purANoM kI kathA anta meM kanyA kA vivAha usa 'subhama' nAmaka saMkSepa meM dI hai| uttarapurANa ke anusAra bhI sItA cakravartI ke sAtha hotA hai, jisane parazarAma se mandodarI kI kukSi se utpanna huI thii| premIjI ne apane pitA kI mRtyu kA baira lete huye 21 bAra isa likhA hai ki "jahA~ taka maiM jAnatA hU~ yaha uttara- bhUmi ko brAhmaNoM se rahita kara dI thii| jisa purANa kI rAmakathA zvetAmbara sampradAya meM pracalita prakAra parazurAma ne kSatriya vaMzakA saMhAra karanA apanA nahIM hai|" para bAta vAstava meM aisI nahIM hai| uddezya banA liyA thA usI taraha subhUma cakravartI digambara sAhitya kI taraha zvetAmbara sAhitya meM ne bhii| use jitane bhI brAhmaNa mile, saba ko mAra bhI rAma kathA ke do rUpAntara saMgrahIta milate haiM DAlA ye hI brAhmaNa baca pAye jinhoMne apanA brAhmaNa jinameM se pauma cariu aura triSTIzalAkA puruSa carita (honA) nahIM batalAyA / subhUma ke sasura rAjA meM variNata rAma kathA ne to kAphI prasiddhi prApta meghanAda ke baMza meM bali nAma kA rAjA hamA aura karalI para "vasudeva hinDI" kI rAma kathA kI pora usI ke vaMza meM prAge calakara 'rAvaNa' humA / isI vidvAnoM kA dhyAna hI nahIM gyaa| kyoMki eka to prasaMga meM "vasudeva hinDI" meM rAmAyaNa kI kathA 'vasudeva hinDI' zrIkRSNa ke pitA vasudeva ke bhramaNa dI hai| vRttAnta saMbaMdhI graMtha hai / dUsarA rAmAyaNa kI kathA vasudeva hinDI kI rAma kathA bahuta hI saMkSipta usameM prasaMgavaza bahuta hI saMkSepa meM prAI hai / aura haiM ata: bahuta se prasaMgoM kA to usameM ullekha hI usa kathA kA pracAra kama rahane se paravartI prathakAroM nahIM huA hai aura jo mukhya mukhya bAteM isa kathA meM 'pauma cariu' kI kathA ko hI adhika prapa- meM pAI haiM unameM se kucha anya granthoM meM dUsare prakAra nAyA / vaise prAkRta bhASA meM eka prasiddha vistRta se bhI milatI haiN| jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra lakSmaNa sItA caritra prApta huA hai| usake sambandha meM bhATha bAsudeva ke huye aura unhIM ke hAtha se rAvaNa hamArA eka lekha chapa bhI cukA hai para vistRta mArA gayA / mUla kathA nIce dI jA rahI hai| mAlocanA to graMtha ke prakAzita hone bAda hI rAvaNa kA vaMza kI jA sakatI hai| bali rAjA ke vaMza meM sahasragrIva rAjA humA ____ 'vasudeva hinDI' ke prathama khaNDa ke 14 veM madana thA usake pacazatagrIva nAmaka putra humA usake bAda vezyA lambhaka meM rAma kathA kA prasaMga isa rUpa meM zatagrIva, bAda meM viMzatigrIva aura tatpazcAt daza* jana mAnyatA ke anusAra 63 rAjA-mahApuruSoM meM 24 tIrthakara 12 cakravartI vAsudeva , baladeva paura 6 prati vAsudeva hote haiM / prati vAsudeva kA vadha vAsudeva karake 3 khaMDa sAmrAjya ke bhoktA banate haiM vAsudeva ke bar3e bhAI baladeva kahalAte haiM rAma baladeva the, lakSmaNa basudeva aura rAvaNa prati vAsudeva the|

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basudeva hindI kI rAma kathA grIva jo rAvaNa ke nAma se prasiddha hai, vizati grIva rAjA ke 4 paliyAM thI devavarAMnI, bakA, kaikeyI aura pusspkuuttaa| devavane ke cAra putra the soma, varuNa, yama aura vaidhamaNa, kaikeyI ke rAvaNa, kumbhakaraNa aura vibhISaNa ( ye tIna putra) tathA ciTA aura sUrpaNakhA ye 2 putriyAM thIM, vakrA ke mahodara, mahArtha, mahApAza aura khara (ye 4 putra) tathA bhAzAlikA putrI thI, puSpakUTA ke trisAra, dvisAra aura vidyuddhi me putra dhaura kaMbhunAstA kanyA thI / rAvaNa soma-yama Adi ke sAtha vaira karake saparivAra nikala gayA aura laMkA dvIpa meM jA basA / vahAM usane prazIta vidyA kI sAdhanA kI aura pariNAmasvarUpa vidyAdyara sAmaMta use namana karane lge| isa prakAra laMkA purI hI usakA vAsasthAna ho gayA vahAM rahate hue vidyAdhara loga usakI sevA karane lage / maMdodarI kA rAvaNa se vizaha eka bAra mana nAmaka vidyAdhara apanI maMdodarI nAmaka putrI ke sAtha sevArtha rAvaNa ke pAsa pahu~ca gyaa| vaha kanyA lakSaNa jAnane vAloM ko batalAI gii| unhoMne kahA isakA prathama garbha kula ke kSaya kA kAraNa banegA / parantu atyanta rUpavAna hone se rAvaNa ne usakA tyAga nahIM kiyaa| 'pahale paidA huve bAlaka kA tyAga kara dUMgA' yaha vicAra karake usake sAtha vivAha kara liyA / dhIre dhIre vaha maMdodarI ( rAvaNa kI rAniyoM) meM pradhAna (paTa rAnI) ho gii| rAma parivAra idhara, ayodhyA nagarI meM dazaratha rAjA thaa| usake 3 patniyAM thI kauzalyA, kaikeyI bhora sumitrA | kauzalyA ke rAma, sumitrA ke lakSmaNa zrIra kaikeyI ke bharata aura zatrughna nAma ke putra utpanna hue deva jaise sundara me dhIre dhIre bar3he hue| 155 maMdodarI kI kukSi se sInA kI utpatti va janaka dvArA praNa rAvaNa kI paTarAnI maMdodarI ke putrI huii| usa putrI ko ratnoM se bharI peTI meM rakhA gayA / maMdodarI ne maMtrI se kahA, 'jAo, ise chor3a bhAbho / " usane mithilA meM janaka rAjA kI udyAna bhUmi jaba ThIka kI jA rahI thI taba tiraskAriNI vidyA se saMtrastra karake kanyA ko hala ke agra bhAga para DAla diyaa| bAda meM 'yaha kanyA hala dvArA jamIna se nikAlI gaI hai' isa prakAra kA rAjA se nivedana kiyA gayA / vaha kanyA dhAriNI devI ko prapita kI gaI aura caMdralekhA kI taraha bar3hane vAlI vaha logoM ke nayanoM aura mana kA haraNa karane vAlI banI | sItA kA rAma se vivAha bAda meM 'vaha rUpavatI hai' yaha vicAra kara pitA janaka ne svayaMvara kA Adeza diyaa| bahuta se rAjaputra ekatra hue| usa samaya ( usa kanyA ) sItA ne rAma ko vraa| dUsare kumAroM ko bhI dhana sampatti sahita kanyAeM dI gaI unheM lekara dazaratha apane ghara ko mAye / kaikeyI ko prApta dazaratha se 2 baradAna prasaMga pahale svajanopacAra meM kuzala kaikeyI se saMtuSTa rAjA ne usase kahA thA ki, 'tU vara mAMga' usane kahA - " abhI merA vara rahane do kAma par3ane para mAMyUMgI." eka bAra dazaratha kA sImA ke rAjA ke sAtha virodha ho gyaa| usake bIca yuddha meM dazaratha pakar3e gaye | devI kaikeyI ko kahalavAyA gayA ki, 'rAjA pakar3a lie gae haiM, isalie tuma calI arut / " vaha bolI, 'zatra yadi prayatna karegA to bhAga jAne para bhI mujhe pakar3a liyA jAyegA isalie meM khuda bhI yuddha kruuNgii| mai hArU nahIM taba taka kauna bhAgA ginA jA sakatA hai ?" isa prakAra kaha kara kavaca pahana, ratha meM baiTha, chatra se yukta ho vaha yuddha karane calI / 'jo vApisa mur3e use mAra

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti graMtha ; DAlo' isa prakAra kahatI huI vaha zava senA kA nAza satyavAdI ho to ye hI varado dUsarA kucha bhI mujhe karane lgii| phira anurAga sahita apanA parAkrama nahIM cAhiye jo pApakI icchA ho vaha karo / ' taba . dikhalAte hue yoddhA yuddha karane lage / yoddhAnoM ko use bahuta hI bhalA burA kahakara rAjA ne rAma ko vaha premopahAra saropAva dene lagI / isa prakAra bulAyA aura prazra biralita kaMTha se bole 'kaikeyI devI dvArA zatra sainya ko parAjita karane para mukta pUrva meM mujha se prApta do vara mAMga rahI hai / ' rAjya hae dazaratha kahane lage, 'devI ! tumhArA kAma mahAna bharata ko mile aura tU vana meM jAya / isa lie puruSa ke jaisA hai; isaliye vara maaNgo|' vaha bolI, tU aisA kara jisase meM jhUThA na bnuu|" rAma ne merA dUsarA vara bhI abhI rahane dIjiye, kAma par3ane natamastaka ho vaha svIkAra kara liyaa| phira sItA para le luugii| maura lakSmaNa sahita rAma bora vezadhArI hokara rAmarAjyAbhiSeka kI taiyArI kA varNana logoM ke mana, nayana praura mukha kamala ko mlAna karate hue, kamalavana ko saMkucita karatA huA jisa aura banavAsa : taraha sUrya prastAcala ko jAtA hai, usa prakAra prajA : bahuta varSa bIta jAne ke bAda tathA putroM ke yuvA ko vilakhate hue chor3a rAma bana ko ravAnA ho gye| : ho jAne para vRddha dazaratha ne rAma ke rAjyAbhiSeka kI prAjJA dI / kubajA maMtharA ne yaha khabara kaikeyI ko hA putra ! hA zruta nidhi ! hA sukumAra ! hA pradu.khocita! mujha maMdabhAgI ke lie bhakAraNa hI dI / prasanna ho usane maMtharA ko prItisUcaka prAbharaNa deza niSkASita ! tU bana meM kisa prakAra samaya prAbharaNa diyA / maMtharA ne devI kaikeyI se kahA, dukhadAyinI velA se tuma prasanna ho rahI ho, mai to bitAyegA ? isa prakAra vilApa karate hue dazaratha apamAna sAgara meM DUba rahI hai, yaha ta jAnatI mRtyu kA prApta hue| nahIM / kauzalyA mora rAma kI tumheM cirakAla taka bharata ko rAma pAdukAoM kI prAptisevA karanI par3egI; unakA diyA huA khAnA pdd'egaa| pIche se bharata apane mAmA ke deza se paayaa| isaliye moha tyAga rAjA dvArA tumheM pahale se jo saccI ghaTanA sunakara usane mAtA ko phaTakArA aura do vara prApta haiM; unase bharala kA abhiSeka aura apane sage saMbandhiyoM sahita vaha rAma ke pAsa pahuMcA / .rAma kA vanavAsa mAMga leN|" maMtharA ke vacana mAna usane rAma se pitRmaraNa kA samAcAra sunaayaa| kaikeyI kUpitAnanA-kupita muha vAlI banakara kopa rAma dvArA uttara kriyA kara lene ke bAda unheM bhavana meM calI gii| dazaratha ne yaha sunA to vaha prAzAmoM se bhare muha vAlI bharata kI mAM kaikeyI ne vaha use manAne gyaa| parantu usane kopa nahIM kahA-"pUtra, tumane pitA kI prAjJA kA pAlana soDA / dazaratha ne use kahA, 'bola. kyA karUM, kiyA / aba tumheM apayaza ke kardama se merA udAra kaikeyI ne kahA, 'tumane 2 vara diye the, yadi satyavAdI tathA kula kramAgata rAjya lakSmI aura bhAiyoM kA ho to mujhe do|' rAjA ne kahA,-'bola. kyA pAlana karanA hI zobhA degaa|" rAma ne kahA 1?,' taba saMtoSa se vikasita vadana ho vaha kahane "mAtA ! tumhArA vacana TAlA nahIM jA sakatA: lago-eka vara se bharata rAjA bane aura dUsare vara parantu usake ullaMghana karane kA kAraNa sunose rAma 12 varSa taka bana meM rhe|" taba duHkhI ho rAjA satyapratiza hokara hI prajApAlana meM samartha ho rAjA ne kahA, devI ! aisA burA haTa mata kara / ' sakatA hai; satya se bhraSTa ho pAya to apanI patti bar3A putra (rAma) guNoM kA bhAgAra hai; yaha rAma hI ke pAlana meM bhI prayogya hotA hai| pitA ke vacana pRthvI kA pAlana kara sakatA hai prataH isake atirikta pAlanArtha hI maiM ne vanavAsa svIkAra kiyA dUsarA jo kahe vaha dehU~ / 'kaikeI bolI,'-yadi mujhe vApisa lauTane kA prAgraha mata kro|" rAma ne

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basudeva kI hindI rAma kathA 150 bharata ko prAjJA dI, 'yadi merA tujha para adhikAra gaye / unhoMne yuddha meM zastrabala aura bAhubala se hai aura maiM tumhAre se bar3A hU~ to tumheM merI mAjJA khara-dUSaNa kA nAza kara diyaa| kA pAlana karanA hai aura mAtA ko phaTakAranA nahIM hai|"paakhoN meM mAMsU liye bharata hAtha jor3akara prArthanA ____ usake bAda putra vagha se ruSTa sUrpaNakhA rAvaNa ke pAsa gii| use apane nAka-kAna kaTane aura pUtroM karane lagA-'mArya ! prajApAlana ke kArya ke liye yadi ziSya kI taraha mujhe niyukta kiyA gayA hai to ke maraNa kA hAla sunAyA aura kahane lagI-deva ! mujhe pAdukAeM dene kI kRpA kreN|" rAma ne 'ThIka vaha mAnava ko strI hai| mujhe to aisA laga rahA hai ki saMpUrNa puvatiyoM ke rUpa kA maMthana karake logoM hai' kaha kara vaha bAta mAna lI-pAdukAeM de dii| ke locanoM ko prAnaMdadAyI usa nArI kA nirmANa bharata punaH prayodhyA calA gyaa| kiyA gayA hai / vaha tumhAre aMtaHpura ke yogya hai| sItA haraNa kI pUrva bhUmikA___isa taraha sItA lakSmaNa sahita rAma tapasviyoM sItA haraNake mAzrama dekhate tathA dakSiNa dizA ko avalokana isa prakAra sItA ke rUpa zravaNa se unmata hae karate-karate eka nirjana sthAna para pahuMce, vahAM ekAMta rAvaNa ne apane pramAtya mArIca ko sUcanA dI, 'tU vana pradeza meM ve sItA ke sAtha rahe / kamala ke prAzrama meM jA vahA~ ratnajar3ita mRga kA rUpa banA kara samAna nayana vAle aura devakumAra sadRza rAma ko tApasavezadhArI yoddhAoM ko lubhA jisase merA kAma dekhakara kAmavaza huI rAvaNa kI bahana sUrpaNakhA ho jAya / " tadanaMtara mArIca ratnajar3ita mRga kA rUpa prAkara kahane lagI, "deva ! mujhe svIkAra kreN|" dhAraNa kara ghUmane lgaa| use dekha kara sItA ne rAma taba rAma ne kahA, 'aisA na kaha, tapovana meM rahatA se kahA-'mArya putra ! apUrva rUpa vAle isa mRga huprA mai parAI strI kA sevana nahIM krtaa|" phira zAvaka ko pakar3iye, vaha mere liye khilaunA hogaa| janakadulArI sItA ne kahA,-"parapuruSa kI jabara- phira rAma 'ThIka hai, aisA hI hogA" yaha kaha kara dastI prArthanA kara rahI hai, "isaliye tU maryAdA kA dhanuSa hAtha meM lekara usake pIche 2 jAne lge| vaha ullaMghana karane vAlI nirlajja hai / " taba kupita ho mRga bhI dhIre 2 prArambha karake phira jora se calane bhISaNa rUpa dhAraNa kara vaha sotA ko DarAne lagI lagA / 'tU kahA~ jAyagA ?' yoM kahate 2 rAma bhI 'tumhAre satItva kA mai nAza kara dUMgI; tU mujhe nahIM usake pIche daur3ane lage / isa prakAra dUra taka jAne ke pahacAnatI ? phira rAma ne 'yaha strI hone ke kAraNa bAda rAma ne jAna liyA ki 'jo vega meM mujhe bhI pravadhya hai' yaha vicAra kara usake nAka kAna kATa jota rahA hai vaha mRga nahIM ho sakatA, yaha to koI liye / sUrpaNakhA kharadUSaNa ke pAsa gaI / nira- mAnavI hai" yaha vicAra kara unhoMne bANa pheMkA taba parAdhinI ko dazaratha ke putra rAma ne isa prakAra mArIca ne marate 2 vicArA ki 'svAmI kA kAma kara dukhI kiyA hai yaha jAna ve kahane lage, "mAtA! duuN|" usane 'he lakSmaNa ! mujhe bcaano|' isa taraha dakhI mata ho hamAre bANa se viddha hue rAma aura se jora kI cIkha mArI / yaha sunakara sItA ne lakSmaNa kA rUdhira mAtra gioM ko pilaayeNge| itanA lakSmaNa se kahA 'jaldI jAmo, bhayabhIta svAmI ne kahakara ve rAma ke pAsa pahuMce / sUrpaNakhA ke nAka- hI yaha cIkha mArI hai| nizcaya hI zatra. senA kAna kATe jAne kI bAta kii| inhoMne rAma se hogii|" taba lakSmaNa ne kahA, "prANa bhaya nahIM kahA-'bhaTa, yuddha ke liye taiyAra ho / 'taba yama hai tuma kaha rahI ho isaliye hI jArahA huuN|" phira vaiSamaNa ke samAna parAkramI rAma aura lakSmaNa vaha bhI hAtha meM dhanuSa lekara jisa mArga se rAma gaye donoM bhAI dhanuSa para pratyaMcA caDhA kara khar3e ho ye usI mArga para tejI se bhaage|

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti pranya yaha abasara pAkara vizvasanIya tApasa kA rUpa lakSmaNa ne kahA "hama ikSvAku vaMza meM utpanna dazaratha dhAraNa kara rAvaNa sItA ke pAsa praayaa| sItA ke putra rAma-lakSmaNa haiM, aura pitA kI prAjJA se ko dekhakara usake rUpAtizaya se mugdha rAvaNa ne vana meM Aye haiM / mRga ke dvArA hameM bhramita karAke binA kisI bighna kI paravAha kiye vilApa karatI sItA kA haraNa kara liyA gayA hai| usakI khoja huI sItA kA haraNa kara liyaa| udhara rAma aura meM hama ghUma rahe haiN| parantu bhApa kauna haiM ? aura lakSmaNa ne vApisa lauTakara sItA ko nahIM pAkara kisa kAraNa vana meM rahate haiM ?" hanumAna ne batalAyA dukhita ho usakI khoja karanI prAraMbha kii| rAvaNa 'hama vidyAdhara haiM / hamAre svAmI sugrIva haiN| apane ko mArga meM jaTAyu vidyAdhara ne roka liyA thaa| balavAna bhAI bAli se parAjita hue ve hamAre sAtha use harA kara kiSkiMdhAgiri para se hotA huA vaha jinAyatana kA prAzraya lekara raha rahe haiN| pApako laMkA phuNcaa| sItA ke lie vilApa karate hue unake sAtha mitratA karanI caahie|" rAma ne yaha rAma ko lakSmaNa ne kahA, 'prArya ! strI ke liye bAta mAna lii| bhagni kI sAkSI se ve maitrI baMdhana meM zoka karanA Apako zobhita nahIM hotaa| yadi baMdha gaye / bala kI parIkSA kara lene ke bAda sugrIva maranA cAhate haiM to zatra, kI parAjaya ke liye ne rAma ko bAli ke vadha ke lie niyukta kiyaa| prayatna kyoM nahIM krte|' mArga meM jaTAyu ne khabara ve donoM bhAI samAna rUpa raMga vAle the| unameM vizeSa dI ki 'rAvaNa ne sItA kA haraNa kiyA hai|" aMtara nahIM jAnate hue rAma ne bANa chor3A / bAli phira yuddha karane vAle ke liye to jaya athavA maraNa ne sugrIva ko parAjita kiyaa| phira donoM meM bheda hai; viSAda pakSa kA anusaraNa karane vAle nirutsAhI jAnane ke lie sugrIva ko mAlA pahanAI gii| ke liye to kevala maraNa hI hai, isa prakAra rAma aura taba eka hI vAraNa se bAli ko mArakara rAma aura lakSmaNa donoM ne vicAra kiyaa| ne sugrIva ko rAjA banA diyaa| sugrIva maitrI, vAli badhaH tatpazcAta sItA kA vRttAnta jAnane ke liye hanumAna gye| vApisa prAkara unhoMne sItA kI tatpazcAt rAma aura lakSmaNa kiSkidhAgiri sthiti btlaaii| tadanaMtara rAma kI sUcanA se para pahu~ce, vahAM bAli aura sugrIva nAmaka do vidyA sugrIva ne bharata ke pAsa vidhAghara bheje / bharata ne ghara bhAI parivAra sahita rahate the| unake bIca caturaMga senA bhejii| sugrIva ke sahita aura vidhAgharoM strI ke kAraNa virodha ho gayA thaa| bAli dvArA dvArA saMcAlita vaha senA samudra ke kinAre phuNcii| parAjita sugrIva hanumAna aura jAMbavAna ina do maMtriyoM ke sAtha jinAlaya kA pAzraya lekara raha vahAM samudra ke madhya bhAga kI saMdhi meM setu bAMdhA gyaa| senA laMkA ke samIpa utarI aura zubha rahA thA / deva kumAra sadRza sundara aura hAtha meM muharta meM par3Ava DAlA gyaa| apane parivAra aura dhanuSa dhAraNa kiye hue rAma aura lakSmaNa ko dekha senA sahita rAvaNa bhI senA sahita rAma ko nagaNya hanumAna ne bhAgate hue sugrIva ko kahA, 'binA samajha rahA thaa| kAraNa jAne mata bhAgo, pahale yaha jAnanA cAhiye ki ve kauna haiM phira jo ucita hogA kregeN|" vibhISaNa dvArA rAvaNa ko hita-zikSA usake bAda vibhISaNa ne vinayapUrvaka praNAma usake bAda saumya rUpa dhAraNa karake hanumAna karake rAvaNa se prArthanA kI "rAjan ! hita kI unake pAsa gayA / usane yukti pUrvaka rAma-lakSmaNa bAta yadi apriya bhI ho to vaha choTe-bar3e sabhI ko se pUchA-"pApa kauna haiM ? aura kisa kAraNa vana meM kaha denI cAhiye / rAma kI pani sItA kA haraNa mAye haiM vana ke yogya to pApa haiM hI nhiiN|" taba karake prApane acchA kAma nahIM kiyA hai / saMbhavataH

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basudeva hindI kI rAma kathA 154 yaha bhUla se hI humA hogA, parantu aba to sItA ko nubhAvatA ke prabhAva se vaha cakra usake vakSasthala para vApisa lauTA deN| kula kA nAza mata karAiye / khara- dhAra kI bhora se nahIM par3A, TeDhA par3a gyaa| lakSmaNa dUSaNa aura bAli ke vidyA yukta hote hue bhI rAma ne vahI cakra rAvaNa ke vadha ke liye pheMkA / devatA ne unakA anAyAsa hI nApA kara diyA hai| svAmI dvArA adhiSThita vaha cakra kuMDala aura mukuTa sahita ko to sevaka kI patni kI bhI icchA nahIM karanI usake mastaka kATakara punaH lakSmaNa ke pAsa paayaa| cAhiye, phira balavAna aura anya puruSa kI parina kI mAkAza meM rahane vAle RSivAdita maura bhatavAdita to bAta hI kaisI? rAjAbhoM kI to indriya nigraha devatAmoM ne puSpa vRSTi kI aura gagana maMDala meM meM hI jaya hotI hai| medhAvI puruSoM ne 4 prakAra nAda kiyA ki bhArata varSa meM yaha pAThavAM vasudeva kI buddhi batalAI hai-medhA, zruti, vitarka, paura utpanna huA hai| pazubha kAryoM meM har3a saMkalpa / bhApa medhAvI paura mati- sItA prApti va rAma kA rAjyAbhiSeka:mAna haiN| ataH hara prakAra se kArya siddha kara sakate __patpazcAt yuddha samApti para vibhISaNa sItA ko haiN| parantu prApakA abhiniveza (dRr3ha saMkalpa) to lAyA aura rAma ko sauNpii| rAma kI prAjJA milate prakRtya meM hai / isase prApase prArthanA karatA huuN| jo hI vibhISaNa ne rAvaNa kA saMskAra kiyaa| phira kaura khAyA jA sake, khAne ke bAda paca jAya. aura rAma-lakSmaNa ne arijaya nagara meM vibhISaNa kA pacane ke bAda pathya bana jAya, vahI khAnA caahiye| aura vidyAdhara zreNI ke nagara meM sugrIva kA abhiSeka isa para vicAra kara mApa rAmabhAryA ko vApisa / kiyaa| phira apane parivAra sahita sugrIva, sItA lauTA deN| isase parijanoM kA bhI kalyANa hai|" aura rAma ko puSpaka vimAna meM prayodhyA nagarI le rAma-rAvaNa yuddhaH gayA / prajAjana aura maMtriyoM sahita rAma kA rAjA isa prakAra nivedana karane para bhI jaba rAvaNa ke rUpa meM abhiSeka kiyaa| phira atyanta prabhAvazAlI ne sunA nahIM taba vibhISaNa 4 maMtriyoM ke sAtha tathA sugrIva sahita rAma ne praghaM bhArata ko vijaya rAma ke pAsa calA gyaa| sugrIva ke parAmarza ko kiyA / vibhISaNa rAjA parijaya nagara meM rahane mAnakara rAma ne vibhISaNa kA sammAna kiyaa| vibhISaNa ke parivAra meM jo vidhAghara the ve senA meM vibhISaNa ke vaMza meM vidya tavega nAma kA rAjA mila gaye / phira rAma aura rAvaNa ke pakSa vAle humA / usakI rAnI vidyutprabhA thI / usase dadhi vidhAdhara aura rAkSasoM kA yuddha prArambha huvaa| mukha, daNDavega, aura caNDavega nAmaka putra maura dinoM dina rAma kA sainyavala baDane lgaa| mukhya madanavegA nAma kI putrI huii| usa madanavegA kA yovAnoM ke naSTa hone para vijayAkAMkSI rAvaNa vivAha zrI kRSNa ke pitA vAsudeva ke sAtha humA / saba vidyAnoM ko naSTa karane vAlI jvAlavatI vidyA usI kA prasaMga varNana karate hue saMghadAsa gaNi ne kI sAdhanA karane lgaa| rAvaNa ko vidyA sAdhanA bIca meM uparokta rAma kathA bhI de dI hai isa kathA meM lagA jAnakara rAma ke yoddhA nagara meM praviSTa meM rAma ke rAjyAbhiSeka evaM sItA ke zeSa jIvana hokara nagara kA mAvA karane lge| isase kaba humA kA koI uslekha nahIM kiyA gayA hai| graMthakAra ne rAvaNa kavaca dhAraNa karake sajjita ho ratha meM saMkSepa meM jitanI kathA denI prAvazyaka samajhI, baiTha kara niklaa| bhayaMkara yuddha karake vaha lakSmaNa utanI hI vasudeva hinDI meM likha dii| kyoM ki ke sAtha bhir3a gyaa| jaba saba zastra niSphala ho yaha koI svatantra rAma carita sambandhI paMtha nahIM gaye taba kucha ho rAvaNa ne lakSmaNa kA vadha karane hai isaliye isakI adhika apekSA bhI nahIM kI jA ke liye cakra calAyA / parantu lakSmaNa kI mahA- sktii|

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160 bAbU boTelAla jaina smRti prantha rAma kA nAma prAcIna jainAgamoM ne 'pauma' vAlA basudeva hindI ke pahale kA koI anya anya yAnI 'padma' milatA hai| unake saMbaMdha meM samavA- prApta nahIM hai| yAMgasUtrAdi meM saMkSipta ullekha hai / vimala sUri ke sItA rAvaNa aura maMdodarI kI putrI thI, paumariyaM meM hI sarva prathama jaina-mAnya rAma isase sambandhita jitane bhI graMtha praba taka prApta kathA pUre rUpa meM dI gaI hai / vasudeva hinDI se jJAta hue haiM vasudeva dinDI una sabase prAcIna hai| mAlama hotA hai ki vimala sUri ke 'pauma cariya isase sItA saMbaMdhI uparokta pravAda kI prA meM kI paramparAko saMghadAsa gaNi ne nahIM apnaaii| 5 vIM zatAbdI ke pahile kI siddha hotI hai| isI unake sAmane rAma saMbaMdhI loka-kathA kI koI anya bAta ko prakAza meM lAne ke lie yaha lekha pAThakoM hI paramparA rahI hogii| para mAja usa paramparA ke sAmane upasthita kiyA gayA hai| zraddhA ke binA prema nahIM rhtaa| dhana upArjana aura unnati donoM eka nahIM haiN|

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agravAloM kA jaina dharma meM yogadAna * paramAnanda jaina zAstrI 'avAla' zabda kA vikAsa pragrohA yA pragrodaka se huA hai / vartamAna hisAra jile meM agrohA nAmaka eka prAcIna aitihAsika nagara thA / yahAM eka TIlA 60 phuTa UMcA thA, jisakI khudAI san 1939 yA 40 meM huI thii| usase prAcIna nagara ke avazeSa aura prAcIna sikkoM prAdi kA Dhera prApta huA thA / 26 phUTa se nIce grAhata mudrA kA namUnA, cAra yUnAnI tikke aura 51 caulUTe tAMbe ke sikke bhI mile the| tAMbe ke sikkoM meM sAmane kI ora 'vRSabha' aura pIche kI ora siMha yA caityavRkSa kI mUrti aMkita hai| sikkoM ke pIche brAhmI prakSaroM meM- 'pragoda ke pragaca janapadasa' zilAlekha bhI aMkita hai, jisakA artha 'pragrodaka meM magaca janapada kA sikkA' hotA hai / agrohe kA nAma modaka bhI rahA hai| ukta sikkoM para aMkita vRSabha, siMha yA caitya vRkSa kI mUrti jaina mAnyatA kI ora saMketa karatI haiM / kahA jAtA hai ki agrohA meM agrasena nAma ke eka kSatriya rAjA the| unhIM kI santAna paramparA agravAla kahe jAte haiM / agravAla zabda ke maneka partha haiM kintu yahAM una grathoM kI vivakSA nahIM haiM, yahAM pradeza ke rahane vAle prartha hI vivakSita hai / agravAloM ke 18 gotra batalAye jAte hai, jinameM garga, goyala, mittala, jindala, siMhala yA saMgala prAdi nAma haiN| inameM do dharmoM ke mAnane vAle pAye jAte haiN| eka jaina agravAla dUsare bhajaina mravAla / zrIlohA cArya ke upadeza se usa samaya jo jaina dharma meM dIkSita ho gae the, ve jaina bhagravAla kahalAye zraura zeSa prajaina / parantu donoM meM roTI-beTI vyavahAra hotA hai, rIti1. epigrAphikA iMDikA ji0 2 0 244 / va motaka vaizyoM kA varNana diyA huA hai / rivAjoM meM bahuta kucha samAnatA hote hue bhI unameM apane apane dharma paraka pravRtti pAI jAtI hai| hAM sabhI ahiMsA dharma ke mAnane vAle haiN| yadyapi upajAtiyoM kA itivRta 10 vIM zatAbdI se pUrvakA nahIM milatA para lagatA hai ki kucha upajAtiyA~ pUrvavartI bhI rahI haiM / jaina agravAloM meM apane dharma ke prati vizeSa zraddhA evaM prAsthA pAI jAtI hai, usase unakI dhArmika dRDha zraddhA kA sama dhaMna hotA / pragravAloM ke jaina paramparA sambandhI 12 vIM zatAbdI taka ke pramANa mere avalokana meM bhAe / yaha jAti pUrva kAla meM khUba sampanna, rAjya mAnya aura dhArmika rahI hai| aura vartamAna meM ye loga dharmaza prAcAra niSTha, dayAlu aura janadhana se sampanna pAye jAte haiM / agravAloM kA nivAsa sthAna agrohA yA hisAra ke pAsa-pAsa kA hI kSetra nahIM rahA hai, apitu uttara pradeza, madhya pradeza, rAjasthAna, dillI zrIra usake pAsa-pAsa ke kSetra bhI rahe haiM kyoMki agravAloM dvArA nirmita mandira, udayapura, jayapura prAdi sthAnoM meM bhI pAye jAte haiN| phariNapada yA pariNapada (pAnIpata), refrpada prathavA suvaraNa patha, sonipata karnAla, ambAlA, sahAranapura, mujaphphara nagara, meraTha, AgarA dillI, dhArA, kalakattA, najIbAbAda aura banArasa prAdi bar3e nagaroM evaM choTe choTe upanagaroM meM isa jAti ke loga base hue haiM / isase isa jAti kI mahatA kA bhAna svataH ho jAtA hai / agravAla jaina samAja dvArA aneka mandiroM, mUrtiyoM, vidyA saMsthAnoM, prauSadhAlayoM, lAyabreriyoM aura sAhityika saMsthAnoM iMDiyana eNTIkverI bhAga 15 ke pRSTha 343 para

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162 bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti prantha mAdi kA nirmANa kiyA gayA hai / inakA vaimava caturvidha saMgha ko dAna meM sadA tatpara rahatA thaa| rAjApoM ke sadRza rahA hai| zAhI khajAMcI, mantrI, usa samaya dillI ke jaimiyoM meM vaha pramukha thA, salAhakAra prAdi aneka ucca padoM para ye niyukta vyasanAdi se rahita ho zrAvaka ke vratoM kA anuSThAna rahe haiM / zAstradAna meM inakI ruci rahI hai / usIkA karatA thaa| sAhu naTTala kevala dharmA mA hI nahIM pariNAma hai ki dillI ke grantha bhaMDAroM meM graMthoM thA papitu uccakoTi kA vyApArI bhI thaa| usa kA acchA saMgraha pAyA jAtA hai| vIra sevA madira, samaya usakA vyApAra maMga, baMga, kaliGga, karnATaka, pArA kA jaina siddhAMta bhavana, mora bhAratIya zAna nepAla, bhoTa, pAMcAla, cedi, gaur3a, Thakka (paMjAba) pITha kAzI, tathA dillI kA pakSiyoM kA haspatAla kerala, marahaTTa, bhAdAnaka, magadha, gurjara, soraTha paura mAdi saMsthAeM prAja bhI gaurava kA viSaya banI huI hariyAnA prAdi dezoM aura nagaroM meM cala rahA thaa| haiM / sAhityika saMsthAnoM se jo sAhitya prakAzita yaha kevala vyApArI hI nahIM thA; apitu rAjanIti huprA hai, yA jo anusandhAna kAma kiyA gayA hai vaha kA catura paMDita bhI thaa| kuTumbI jana to nagara apane viSaya kA mahatvapUrNa kArya hai| isa sabase jana seTha the aura pApa svayaM tomaravaMzI anaMgapAla sAdhAraNa agravAloM kI dharmapriyatA zra tasevA prAdi (tRtIya) kA pramAtya thA / mApane kavi zrIdhara se kA paricaya sahaja hI pA sakate haiN| jana agravAloM jo hariyAnA deza se yamunA nadI ko pAra kara usa ne jaina dharma ko kyA dena dI hai athavA usake vikAsa samaya dillI meM pAe the prantha banAne kI preraNA meM kyA kucha yoga dAna diyA hai yahI isa lekha kA kI po| taba kavi ne 'pAsaNAha cariu' nAmaka pramukha viSaya hai| sarasa khaNDa kAvya kI racanA vi0 saM0 1989 agahana vadI aSTamI ravivAra ke dina samApta saMvat 1186 ( san 1132 I0 ) se pUrva sAhu kI thii| naTala ke pUrvaja pitA vagairaha dillI (yoginIpUra) ke nivAsI the| inakI jAti agravAla thii| naTTala naTTala sAha ne usa samaya dillI meM prAdinAtha sAha ke pitA sAha jejA zrAvakocita dharma-karma kA eka prasiddha jaina mandira bhI banavAyA thA. jo meM niSTha the| ina kI mAtA kA nAma 'memaDiya' thA. pratyanta sundara thA, jaisA ki anya ke nimna vAkyoM jo zIla rUpI sat prAbhUSaNoM se alaMkRta thI, paura se prakaTa hai :vAMdhavajanoM ko sUkha pradAna karatI thii| sAhu naTTala "kArA veviNAhaya ho zikera ke do jyeSTha bhAI aura bhI the, rAghava aura soDhala / paviiNA paMca vaNaM sukeu / inameM rAghava baDA hI sundara aura rUpavAn thaa| paiM paNa paiTra paviraiya jema, use dekhakara kAmaniyoM kA citta dravita ho jAtA pAsa ho caritta jai pugNa vi tema // " thA / aura soDhala vidvAnoM ko mAnanda dAyaka, gurubhakta tathA prarahaMta deva kI stuti karane vAlA thA. prAdinAtha ke isa mandira ko unhoMne pratiSThA usakA zarIra vinayarUpI prAbhUSaNoM se alaMkRta thA, viSi bhI kI thI, usa pratiSThotsava kA ullekha tathA vaha var3A buddhimAna aura dhIra-vIra thA / sAha ukta graMtha kI pAMcavIM saMdhi ke bAda diye hue nimna naTTala isa saba meM laghu, puNyAtmA, sundara aura jana paca se prakaTa hai :ballabha thA / kularUpI kamaloM kA pAkara pora pApa- yenArAdhya vizuddhagha dhIramatinA devAdhidevaM jinaM / rUpI pAMzu (raja) kA nAzaka, tIrthaMkara kA pratiSThA- satpuNyaM samupAjitaM nijaguNaiH santolitA bAndhavAH / paka, vandIjanoM ko dAna dene vAlA, paradoSoM ke jaina caityamakAri sundarataraM jainI pratiSThA tathA, prakAzana se virakta, ratnatraya se vibhUSita aura sa zrImAnviditaH sadaiva jayatAtpRthvItane namaH / /

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agravAloM kA jainadharma meM yogadAna isase naTTala mAhu kI dhArmika parigati kA prauSadha, abhaya tathA jJAnAdi cAroM dAna diyA sahaja hI patA cala jAtA hai| prAdinAtha kA ukta karate the| sAhU khetala ne giranAra kI yAtrA kA mandira kutubamInAra ke pAsa banA huaA thA, bar3A yAtrotsava kiyA thA / vaha apanI dharmapatnI hI sundara mora kalApUrNa thA / vartamAna meM yahA~ kAkalehI ke sAtha yoginIpura (dillI) meM pAyA kuvvatula islAma masjida banI huI hai jo 27 thaa| kucha samaya sukhapUrvaka vyatIta hone para sAhU mandiroM ko tor3akara banAI gaI thii| pherU kI dharmapatnI ne kahA ki svAmina ! zratapaMcamI isake atirikta dillI meM saM0 1328, 1370. kA udyApana kraaiye| ise sunakara pherU atyanta 1361. paura 1366 meM kramaza. paMcAstikAya kunda- harSita humA aura usane mUlAcAra nAmaka grantha kunda, tatvArthavRtti pUjyapAda krayAkalApa TIkA aura zrutapaMcamI ke nimitta likhA kara muni dharmakIrti uttarapurANa puSpadanta kA prAdi graMtha likhAkara bheMTa ke liye prapita kiyA / dharmakIti ke divaMgata hone para kiye gye| usake bAda saM0 1416 meM bhagavatI unake pramukha ziSya yama niyama meM nirata tapasvI mArAdhanA kA TippaNa aura vRhadadravya saMgraha kI TIkA malayakIti ko sasammAna arpita kiyaa| ukta kI pratiyA~ likhAkara bheMTa kI gii| isa taraha prazasti malayakIti dvArA likhI gaI hai, jo aitizAstra dAna ko protsAhana diyA jAtA rhaa| hAsika vidvAnoM ke liye bahuta upayogI hai / ' vikrama saMvat 1463 meM yoginIpura (dillI) agravAla vaMzI sAhU vIlhA aura dhenA hI ke ke samIpa bAdazAha phIrojazAha tugalaka dvaaraa| putra hemarAja ne jo vAdazAha mumArakha (mubArika vasAye gae phIrojAbAda nagara meM, jo usa samaya zAha zaiyyada) kA maMtrI thA, yoginIpura (dillI) meM bharahatadeva kA jina caityAlaya banavAyA thA, aura jaba dhana, vApI, kUpa, taDAga, udyAna prAdi se| vibhUSita thA, pragravAla vaMzI garga gotrI sAha lAkhU bhadrAraka yazakIti se pANDaba purANa vi0 saM0 nivAsa karate the| unakI premavatI nAma kI eka 1467 meM banavAyA thaa| dharma patnI thI, jo pAtivratyAdi guNoM se pralaMkRta ukta purANa bhaTTAraka yazaHkIti ne hisAra thI / inake do putra the sAhu khesala aura madana / khetala nivAsI pragravAla vaMzI garga gotrI sAha divaDaDhA ke kI dharmapatnI kA nAma saro' thA, jo sampati- anurodha se, jo indriya-viSaya-virakta, saptavyasana saMyukta bhaura dAna zIlA thii| khetala aura saro se rahita, aSTamUlaguNadhAraka, tattvArthazraddhAnI, praSTa graMga pherU, palhU maura bIdhA nAma ke tIna putra hue the| paripAlaka gyAraha pratimA mArAdhaka aura bAraha vratoM aura ina tInoM kI kAkalehI. mAlhAhI praura kA anuSThApaka thA, vi0 saM0 1500 meM bhArapaTa harIcandahI nAma kI kramaza: tIna dharmapatniyA~ zuklA ekAdazI ke dina 'iMdauri' paraganA tijArA thIM / sAhe lAkha ke dvitIya putra madana kI meM jalAlakhAM (zayyada mubArika zAha) ke rAjya meM ? dharmapatnI kA nAma 'rato' thA, usase 'haradhU' nAma samApta kiyA thaa| kA putra utpanna humA thaa| usakI strI kA nAma joyariNapura nivAsI agravAla kula bhUSaNa garga 'mandodarI' thA / sAhu khetala ke dvitIya putra palhU gotrIya sAhu bhoja rAja ke 5 putroM meM se jJAnacandra ke ke 'maMDana, jAlhA, ghirIyA aura harizcanda nAma ke vidvAna putra sAdhAraNa zrAvaka kI preraNA se illarAja cAra putra the / isa sAre hI parivAra ke loga vidhi- suta mahindu yA mahAcandra ne saM0 1587 ko kArtika pat jainadharma kA pAlana karate the aura mAhAra, kRSNA paMcamI ke dina mugala bAdazAha bAbara ke 1. dekho, malaya kIrti aura mUlAcAra prazasti. bhanekAnta varSa 13 ki0 4

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti grantha 164 ke rAjya kAla 1 meM samApta kiyA thA / jJAnacandra ke tIna putra the, unameM jyeSTha putra sAraMga sAhune sammeda zikhara kI yAtrA kI thI, aura dvitIya putra sAdhAraNa ne, jo guNI aura vidvAna thA evaM jisa kA vaibhava bar3A car3hA thA, 'zatru'jaya' kI mAtrA kI thI, jina mandira kA nirmANa karAkara hastinAgapura kI yAtrArthaM saMgha calAyA thA / sAhU ToDara guNI, kartavya parAyaNa maura TakasAla ke kArya meM atyanta dakSa the aura saMbhavataH ve prakabara kI TakasAla kA kAryabhAra bhI sampanna karate the / inakI jAti pragravAla aura gotra garga thA / yaha bhaTAniyA kola (alIgar3ha) ke nivAsI the, aura kASThAsaMgha ke bhaTTAraka kumArasena kI mAmnAya ke zrAvaka the, kisI samaya vahAM se prAkara prAgarA meM basa gaye the, jainadharma ke anuyAyI the| bhAgyazAlI, kuladIpaka aura pratyanta udAra the| inake pitAmaha kA nAma sAhu rUpacanda thA aura pitA kA nAma sAhU pAsA thA / sAhu ToDara deva-zAstra-guru ke bhakta ye dharmavatsala vinayI, paradAra vimukha, dAnI, kartavya parAyaNa, para doSa bhASaNa karane meM mauna rakhane vAle kRpAlu dhaura dharmaphalAnurAgI the / kASThAsaMgha ke vidvAna pAMr3e rAjamala ko nAgarA meM inake samIpa rahane kA saubhAgya zapta huA thaa| ve ina kA bahuta mAdara karate the maura inake prAjJAkArI the| rAjamala ko vahAM raha kara sAhU ToDara dhaura kabara bAdazAha ko naz2adIka se dekhane kA pravasara milA thA / isIse unhoMne apane jaMbUsvAmI carita meM, jo sAhU ToDara kI preraNA se racA gayA thA, akabara kI khUba prazaMsA kI hai mIra use zarAba bandI karane vAlA tathA 'jijiyA' kara chor3a dene vAlA 3 likhA hai| ma sAhu ToDara akabara ke priya pAtra tathA rAjya saMcAlana meM sahayoga dene vAle rama jAtI putra sAhU gar3hamala aura kRSNAmaMgala caudharI donoM kA prIti pAtra thA aura kRSNAmaMgala caudharI kA suyogya maMtrI thaa| pAMDe rAjamala sAhU ToDara ke to atyanta najadIka ye hI unhoMne unakI kevala prazaMsA hI nahIM kI hai apitu unake dhArmika kAryoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai aura AzIrvAda prAdi dvArA unakI maMgala kAmanA bhI prakaTa kI hai / sAhu ToDara kI dharmapatnI kA nAma kasubhI thA, usase tIna putra hue the| riSIdAsa yA RSabhadAsa, mohanadAsa aura rUpamAMgada / 5 unameM prathama putra RSabhadAsa apane pitA ke samAna hI dharmaniSTha, jinavANI bhakta aura guNI thaa| sAhU ToDara ne 1. bAbara ne san 1526 IsvI meM pAnIpata kI lar3AI meM dillI ke bAdazAha ibrAhIma lodI ko parAjita aura divaMgata kara dillI kA rAjya zAsana prApta kiyA thaa| usake bAda usane prAgarA para adhikAra kara liyA thA, aura san 1530 (vi0 saM0 1587) meM zrAgarA hI meM usakI mRtyu ho gaI thii| yaha kevala 5 varSa ho rAjya kara pAyA thA / 4. ugrAgrotakavaMzotyaH zrI pAsAtanayaH kRtI / vardhatA ToDaraH sAdhU rasiko'ja kathAmRte / / 5. jaMbU svAmi carita 73 se 77 zloka pR0 1 2. jaMbUsvAmIcarita 27 26 pR0 4-5 2. zAzvata sAhi jalAladonapurataH prApta pratiSThodayaH, zrImAn mugalavaMza zArada zabafraNa svopakArodyataH nAmnA kRSNa iti prasiddhi rabhavat sakSAtra dharmote, tanmaMtrIzvara ToDaro guNavRtaH sarvAdhikArAdhitaH // jJAnAvaTIkAprazasti jaMbusvAmI caritra saM0 4

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agravAloM kA jaina dharma meM yogadAna 165 prAgarA meM eka jina maMdira kA nirmANa karAyA panA kI / inakI pratiSThA kA kArya vi0 saM0 pA, jisakA ullekha kavivara bhagavatIdAsa agravAla 1630 ( I0 san 1573 ) meM dvAdazI budhavAra (saM0 1651-1700) ne apanI vi0 saM0 1651 ke dina prAtaH 6 ghar3I vyatIta hone para sUri mantra san 1564 meM racI jAne vAlI 'argalapura jina- pUrvaka kiyA / usa samaya sAhu ToDara ne caturvidha vandanA' nAma kI kRti meM kiyA hai| isase saMgha ko prAmantrita kiyA thA aura sabhI ne sAha spaSTa hai ki sAhu ToDara ne ukta mandira saM0 1651 ToDara ko zubhAzIrvAda diyA thaa| saMvat 1632 se pUrva hI banAyA thaa| unake usa mandira meM usa meM inhoMne kavirAjamala jI se jambUsvAmicarita samaya prAtma-sAdhikA hamIrI bAI nAma kI eka kI racanA karavAI thI / anveSaNa karane para brahmacAriNI rahatI thI, jisakA tapazcaraNa se sAha ToDara ke aura bhI dhArmika kAryoM kA paricaya zarIra kSINa ho rahA thA aura jo sammeda zikhara mila sakatA hai| ko yAtrA karake vApisa prAI thii| sAha ToDara ke jyeSTha putra riSIdAsa yA RSabhamatharA ke 514 stapoM kA jIrNoddhAra kArya dAsa ne apane sunane ke lie jJAnArNava kI saMskRta eka samaya sAha ToDara siddha kSetra kI yAtrA TIkA prAgarA ke tAtkAlika vidvAna paM0 nayavilAsa karane mathurA gaye the| vahAM unhoMne madhya meM banA se banavAI thii| paM0 nayavilAsa jo saMskRta ke huprA jambU svAmI kA stUpa dekhA, aura usake caraNoM suyogya vidvAna the, aura usa samaya prAgarA meM meM vidya ccara muni kA stUpa dekhA, tathA pAsa-pAsa bane ho rahate the| prAgarA meM aneka vidvAna, bhaTTAraka hA rahata hue anya sAdhunoM ke stUpa dekhe, jinakI saMkhyA kahIM aura dhaSThijanoM kA prAvAsa thA, jo nirantara pAMca, kahIM pATha, kahIM 10 aura kahIM 20 bhI thii| apane dharma kA anuSThAna karate huye jIvana yApana sAhu ToDara ne unakI jIrNa-zIrNa dazA dekhI, jisase karate the| unheM duHkha humA mora tatkAla hI unake samuddhAra pAMDe rAjamala ne sAhu ToDara ke jyeSTha putra kI bhAvanA balavatI ho uThI / phalataH unhoMne RSabhadAsa ke liye paMcAdhyAyI ke nirmANa karane zubha dina zubha lagna meM unake samuddhAra kA kArya kA vicAra kiyA thA, kintu unake divaMgata ho prArambha kara diyA / sAha ToDara ne isa punIta kArya jAne se vaha kArya pUrNa na ho sakA / isa taraha meM bahuta bhArI dravya vyaya kiyA aura 501 sAhu ToDara aura unake parivAra meM jaMna dharma kI stUpoM kA eka samUha aura teraha stUpoM kA dUsarA prAsthA aura dharmAnuSThAna hotA rahA / isa taraha kula 514 stUpoM kA nirmANa kraayaa| bhAdAnaka deza ke zrI prabhunagara meM agravAla vaMzI ina stUpoM ke pAsa hI 12 dvArapAla prAdi kI sthA- mittala gotrIya sAhu lakhamadeva ke caturtha putra 1. ToDarasAhu karAyo jinahara raha hamIrI bAI ho| tapalaMkRta vapu prati kRzakAyA jAta zikhari kara pAI ho| jAta zikhari kara pAI vatikA vihi thala pUja karAI, baMdho deva jineza jagatpati mastaka meiNi laaii| dekho jaina saMdeza zoSAMka bhI0 23 saM0 25 pR0 161 2. zatAnA paMca cApaikaM zukhaM cAdhitrayodaza / stUpAnAM tatsamIpe ca dvAdazakArikAdikam / / saMvatsare gatAbdAnAM zatAnAM SoDazaM kramAta / zuddha striza sAdhikaM dadhati sphuTam // -jaMbU svAmi carita 115, 116 pR013

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166 bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti prantha polhA hue / inakI mAtA kA nAma mahAdevI spaSTa bhAna hotA hai / unakA paricaya bhanekAnta meM thaa| prapama dharmapasnI kA nAma kolhAhI pora diyA gayA hai / hastinApura ke vizAla mandira kA dUsarI kA nAma prAsAhI thaa| pAsAhI se nirmANa bhI una jaise sAhasI paura bhadra pariNAmI vibhavanapAla aura raNamala nAma ke putra utpanna nararatnoM kA hI kArya thaa| itanA saba dhArmika hae the| tholhA ke pAMca bhAI aura bhI the| jo kArya karane ke pazcAt bhI unhoMne apanA nA khiusI, hola , divasI, mallidAsa aura kundAdAsa kahIM aMkita nahIM kraayaa| unake dvArA nirmita nAma se prasiddha the| ye sabhI jaina dharma ke upAsaka dhArmika sthAna unakI udAratA evaM nispRhatA ke paura zrAvakocita kartavya kA pAlana karate the| dyotaka haiN| ___ lakhamadeva ke pitAmaha sAhu hola ne jina bimba ___lAlA jaMvU prasAdajI sahAranapura, bar3I hI bhadra pratiSThA karAI thii| unhI ke vaMzaja thIlhA ke prakRti ke mAnava the| unakI dhArmika pariNati prasaMzA anurodha se kavi tejapAla ne ukta 'saMbhavanAtha carita' ke yogya thii| unhoMne mandira nirmANa ke sAtha kI racanA saMvata 1500 ke pAsa-pAsa kI thii| acchA zAstra bhaMDAra bhI banAyA thA, dhavalAdi graMthoM rohataka nivAsI caudharI devarAja jinako kI pratiyAM dasa hajAra rupayA meM kharIda kI thI, jAti agravAla aura gotra siMgala ( saMgala) thA aura tatvArtha rAjavAtika kI TokA paMDita pannAlAlajI pitA kA nAma sAha mahaNA thA, saM0 1576 caitra nyAyadivAkara se banavAI thI aura dasa hajAra zuklA paMcamI zanivAra ke dina kRtikA nakSatra ke rupayA upahAra svarUpa bheTa kiyA thaa| unake putra zubhayoga meM pArzvanAtha ke mandira meM kavi mAriNakya pradya mnakUmAra ne bhI paM0 mANikacandajI nyAyAcArya rAja se amarasena caritra kA nirmANa karAyA thaa| se zlokavAtika kI TIkA vanavAI, aura usake liye kavi raidhU ne to agravAla vaMzo zrAvakoM kI yatheSTa dravya kharca kiyaa| vartamAna meM zrAvaka ziropreraNA se aneka graMthoM kI racanA kI, tathA prati- maNi sAha zAMtiprasAdajI kA sAMskRtika kArya bhI SThAdi kArya sampanna kiye jinakA unake dvArA prazaMsanIya evaM anukaraNIya hai / maMdiroM kA jIrNoracita graMtha prazastiyoM meM vistRta paricaya diyA dvAra kArya, aura saMsthAoM ke saMcAlana meM artha kA hamA hai| inake atirikta isa sambandha meM vizeSa sahayoga, sAdharmI vAtsalya sahayoga prAdi kArya unakI anusaMdhAna kiyA jAya to eka bar3e pratha kA nirmANa udAravRtti ke paricAyaka haiN| dillI, pAnIpata, kiyA jA sakatA hai| dillI ke rAjA harasukharAya sunapata, karanAla, hisAra, hAMsI, sahAranapura, meraTha, paura suganacanda ne jo zAhI khajAMcI, rAjyamAnya mujaphpharanagara, prAdi bhaneka zaharoM aura kasboM mAvi aura samAja meM pratiSThita vyakti the, hisAra ke meM nivAsa karane vAle adhikAMza agravAla hI haiM una nivAsI the.usa samaya jainadharma aura janasamAja kI saba kI dhArmika pariNati mAdi kArya ullekhanIya haiN| pratiSThAke / aneka mahanIya kArya kiye / jinamandiroM isa taraha agravAloM kA jainadharma ke pracAra tathA prasAra kA nirmANa karAyA aura paropakAra prApi ke mahatva meM pracchA yogadAna rahA hai| usakA kucha prAbhAsa pUrNa kArya kiye / 2 jinase unakI mahattA kA Upara ke kucha paricaya para se mila sakatA hai| 1. dekho, jaina grantha prazasti saMgraha dUsare bhAga ko prastAvanA 2. anekAntavarSa 15 kiraNa 1 3. anekAntavarSa 13 kiraNa

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amavAloM kA jainadharma meM yogadAna pravAla jaina kaviyoM kI sAhitya sevA jaina saMskRti ke prasAra aura pracAra meM kevala bhAvakoM ne hI yoga nahIM diyA hai kintu samaya samaya para aneka agravAla jainakaviyoM ne apanI racanAoM dvArA loka kalyANa kI bhAvanAoMoM ko prosejana diyA hai / itanA hI nahIM kintu tAtkAlika rItirivAjoM ke sAtha apanI dhArmika bhAvanAtroM ko vRddhigata kiyA hai| kavi zrIdhara hariyAnA deza ke nivAsI the aura the / Apake pitA kA pravAla kula meM utpanna hue nAma 'golha' aura mAtA kA nAma 'bIlhA devI' thA / kavi ne apanI guru paramparA aura jIvanAdi kI ghaTanA kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA / kavi hariyAnA se jamanA ( yamunA ) nadI ko pAra kara yoginIpura (dillI ) dhAyA thA aura usane dhanaMgapAla tRtIya ke maMtrI naTTala sAhU ke anurodha se saMvat 1989 meM 'pAsaragAha cariu' kI racanA kI thii| isa graMtha meM kavi ne apanI eka anya racanA 'candraprabhacarita' kA ullekha kiyA hai / isa khaNDa kAvya meM pArzvanAtha kA jovana-paricaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai aura antima prazasti meM graMtha nirmANa meM preraka naTTala sAhU ke parivAra kA paricaya karAyA gayA hai| kavi kI eka anya racanA 'baddamAvariGa' nAmaka khaNDa kAvya hai jisameM jainiyoM ke antima tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA jIvanacarita diyA huA hai, jise kavi ne saM0 1990 meM banAkara samApta kiyA thaa| isa graMtha kI eka prati byAvara ke ai0 pannAlAla di0 jaina sarasvatI bhavana meM maujUda hai| dUsare kavi sadhArU haiM / inake pitA kA nAma sAha mahArAja aura mAtA kA 'sudhanu' thA, jo guNavatI thI / kavi erancha nagara ke nivAsI the / inakI banAI huI ekamAtra kRti 'prathamna carita' hai jisameM yAdava vaMzI zrI kRSNa ke putra pradyumna kA 167 varita 'kita kiyA gayA hai| yaha eka sundara carita kAvya hai, yaha grantha zrI mahAvIra atizaya kSetra kI ora se paM0 cainapukhadAsa jI dhaura DA0 kastUra caMdajI ke saMpAdakatva meM prakAzita ho cukA hai| tIsare kavi budhatrIsa haiM jo sAha totU ke putra the, tathA bhaTTAraka hemacanda ke ziSya the / inhoMne dharmacakra pUjA saM0 1586 meM rohataka nagara ke pArzvanAtha mandira meM banAkara samApta kI thI / inakI dUsarI racanA 'vRhatsiddhacakra pUjA' hai jise kavi ne vi0 saM0 1584 meM dehalI ke mugala bAda zAha bAbara ke rAjya kAla meM rohataka ke ukta pArzvanAtha mandira meM banAI thI / inakI do kRtiyoM ke nAma aura milate haiM / 'nandIzvara pUjA' aura RSimaMDala yatra pUjA-pATha / ye donoM hI graMtha dhabhI mere dekhane meM nahIM Aye isa kAraNa unake sambaddha meM yahAM kucha kahanA saMbhava nahIM hai / cauthe kavi prathvIpAla hai, jo gagaMgotrI aura pAnIpata ke nivAsI the| inhoMne saM0 1662 meM 39 padyoM meM 'zrutapaMcamIrAsa' kI racanA thI / pAMcaveM kavi 'nandalAla' yA nanda haiM, jo AgarA ke pAsa gosanA nAmaka sthAna ke nivAsI the| inakA gotra gola thaa| pitA kA nAma bhairoM yA bhairoMdAsa aura mAtA kA nAma candA devI thA / " kavi kI do kRtiyAM mere dekhane meM bhAI haiM aura donoM hI racanAeM sundara haiM / prathama racanA yazodhara caritra meM mahArAja yazoghara kA carita variNata varita hai| kathAnaka purAnA hote hue bhI usameM kAvyatva kI dRSTi se nayApana lAne kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| bhASA meM prasAda dhaura gatizIlatA hai| kavi ne ise saM0 1670 meM zrAvaNa zuklA saptamI ke dina banAkara samApta kiyA thaa| inakI dUsarI kRti 'sudarzana carita' hai jisameM sudarzana ke caritra kA citraNa kiyA gayA hai| kathAnaka para navanandI 1. agaravAla varavaMza gomunA gAMva ko goila gota prasiddha tA ThAMva ko mAtA bandA nAma pitA bhairoM bhanyo, 'nanda' kahI mana moda gunI gunana ginyo |

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti prantha ke 'sudaMsaraNa caritra' kA prabhAva spaSTa hai| bhASA bUDhiyA, kapisthala, saMkisA prAdi sthAnoM meM likhI mora bhAva donoM kA cayana sundara hai| natha copAI gaI haiM / kavi ko sabase prathama racanA 'argalapura chanda meM likhA gayA hai| kavi ne isa pratha ko saM0 jina vandanA' hai jise kavi ne saM0 1651 meM 1663 meM mAgha eklA paMcamI guruvAra ke dina pra.garA meM banAI thI. usameM prAgare kI yAtrA kA banAkara samApta kiyA thaa| donoM hI grantha akabara samAcAra aMkita hai / mukti ramaNI cUnar3I saM0 ke putra jahAMgIra ke rAjya meM race gae haiN| 1680, vRhat sItA satu saM0 1684, laghusItA satu chaThaveM kavi 'bhagavatIdAsa' haiN| inakA gotra saM0 1687, anekArtha nAmamAlA saM0 1687, 'vasala' thaa| yaha bUDhiyA ' jilA ambAlA ke mRgAMkalekhA carita saM0 1700 / ina racanAmoM nivAsI the| inake pitA kA nAma kisana ke atirikta anya racanAmoM meM racanA saMvata diyA dAsa thA. unhoMne caturthavaya meM munivrata dhAraNa kara humA nahIM hai / isase unake sambandha meM kucha nahIM liyA thaa| yaha buDhiyA se joginIpura (dillI) kahA sakatA / manakarahArAsa, jogIrAsa, TaMDANA cale gae the| usa samaya dehalI meM akabara ke putra rAsa, catura vanajArA, Adityavrata rAsa, dazalakSaNa jahAMgIra kA rAjya thA / usa samaya dehalI kI rAsa, sAdhusamAdhirAsa, rohiNIvratarAsa, dvAdazAbhaTTArakIya gaddIpara bhaTTAraka sakalacandra ke paTTa nuprekSA, sugaMdhadazamIkathA, anathamIkathA, samAnIziSya mani mahendrasena virAjamAna the, jo bha. DhamAla, AdinAthastavana, zAntinAtha stavana, dillI gaNacandra ke praziSya the| dillI ke motI bAjAra meM ko rAjAvalI, rAjamatI nemIzvara DhamAla, sAMvalAjina mandira thA, jisameM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI gIta, manasUvAgIta, vIrajinidagIta, caumAsAgIta, mati virAjamAna thii| 2 kavivara vahIM para rahate madhukaragIta, vaNajArA gIta, muktAvalIrAsa, the / kadhi kI aneka kRtiyA~ upalabdha hai| unameM divAlI DhAla gIta, karmacetanahiMdolA, karmaprakRti kucha to itanI bar3I haiM ki ve svayaM eka svataMtra hiMdolA, rutinavelI vArahamAsA, vairAgIlAla bArahagrantha kA rUpa le latI haiM / aura choTI choTI aneka mAsA, bArahamAsA aura aneka pada, manaharaNagIta, phUTakara racanAe hai jo samaya samaya para racI gaI bhamarAgIta, bAvatI, mAdi aneka phaTakara racanAeM haiN| ye saba racanAeM eka hI sthAna para nahIM racI ajamera ke eka gucchaka meM saMgRhIta haiN| vaidyavinoda gaI'; kintu dillI, AgarA, hisAra, sahajAdapura, aura jyotiSasAra ye donoM graMtha kAraMjA bhaMDAra meM 1. dhUr3hiyA pahale eka choTI sI riyAsata thI, jo dhana dhAnyAdi se khUba samRddha nagarI thii| jagAdharI ke basa jAne se bUDhiyA ko adhikAMza prAbAdI vahAM se calI gaI, prAja kala vahAM khaMDahara adhika ho gae haiM, jo usake gata vaibhava ko smRti ke sUcaka haiN| 2. guru muni mAhiMdasena bhagautI, tisa pada paMkaja raMna bhgotii| kizanadAsa variNa tanuja bhagautI, turiye gahiu vrata muniju bhagautI // 2 nagara bUDhie vasaM bhagautI, janmabhUmi hai pAsi bhgotii| agravAla kula vaMsala gotI, paMDitapada jana nirakha bhagautI // 3 joganipura rAja, rAya-khori nita naubata baaje| pratimA pArzvanAtha dhanabaMtA, nAgaranara pavara matiyatAM // 4 motIhaTa jina bhavana virAja, pratimA pArzvanAtha kI sAja / zrAvaka sugana sujAna dayAla, SaTa jiya jAma kara pratipAla // 5 -vRhat sItA satu

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apravAloM kA jaina dharma meM yogadAna 166 sthita haiM kavi kI samasta racanAeM sundara, svapara- kavi kA samaya 16 vI 17 vIM zatAbdI jAna sambodhaka aura upadezaka haiN| par3atA hai| sAtaveM kavi pADe rUpacanda haiM / inakA gotra nauveM kavi jagajIvana haiM-yaha mAgarA ke 'garga thaa| inakA janma kuru deza ke salemapura' nivAsI mora saMghavI pramayarAja tathA mohanade ke nAmaka sthAna para huA thaa| inake pitAmaha kA putra the| saMghavI abhayarAja ne prAgarA meM jina maMdira nAma 'mAmaTa' aura pitA kA nAma bhagavAnadAsa thaa| kA nirmANa karAyA thA / jagajIvana vidvAna aura bhagavAnadAsa kI dUsarI patnI se rUpacanda kA janma kavi the aura jApharakhAM ke dIvAna the| jApharakhAM hanA thA / inake cAra bhAI aura bhI the harirAja, zAhajahAM kA umarAva thA jo paMcahajArI manasava bhUpati, abhayarAja aura kIrticanda / inhoMne vanArasa ko prApta thaa| jaga jIvana para lakSmI kA varadameM zikSA pAI thii| yaha vidvAna kavi the aura hasta thaa| yaha vidvAnoM kI gati meM baiThate aura pradhyAtma ke premI the| inakI kRtiyAM paramArthI tattva carcA karate the| pAMDe hIrAnanda jI se inakA dohAzataka, maMgala gIta prabandha, neminAtharAsA, ghaniSTha saMbaMdha thaa| saMvat 1701 meM inakI preraNA khaTolanAgIta aura prAdhyAtmika pada haiM samavasaraNa se samavasaraNa pATha banAyA thA usakI eka prati pATha (kevalajJAna kalyANArcA) inakI saMskRta kI ukta saMvata 1701 kI dillI ke naye mandirajI racanA hai, jise unhoMne saMvat 1662 meM banAkara meM maujUda hai / paMcAstikAya kA padyAnuvAda bhI samApta kiyA thaa| inakI mRtyu saM0 1664 meM huI banavAyA thA / jagajIvana ne saM0 1701 meM thii| yaha prAgare meM pAye the prora tihuna sAhu ke banArasIdAsa kI kavitAoM kA saMkalana kara maMdira meM Thahare the| kavivara bhagavatIdAsane apanI banArasI vilAsa nAma diyA thaa| bhApake praneka 'pralapara jinavandanA' meM isakA ullekha kiyA hai| pada aura ekIbhAvastotrAdi ke padyAnuvAda milate haiN| kavi rUpacanda jI se saba adhyAtamiyoM ne gommaTa dazaveM kavi baMzIdAsa haiM, jo phAtihAbAda sAra vaMcavAyA thA, usI se banArasIdAsa aura unake sAthI jaina dharma meM hada haie the aura unakA nagara ke nivAsI the| bhadrAraka vizAla kIti ke pradhyAtmaroga dUra huprA thaa| ziSya the kavi ne saM0 1665 jyeSTha kRSNA dvitIyA ke dina 'rohiNI vidhi kathA' kI racanA kI hai| pAThaveM kavi bhAU haiM, jo nahanagar3ha yA tribhuvana- gyAraha veM kavi hemarAja haiM, jo 'garga' gotI giri ke nivAsI the| inake pitA kA nAma 'manU' aura mAgarA ke nivAsI the / ye acche vidvAna TIkAsAha thaa| inakA gotra 'garga' thaa| isa samaya taka kAra aura kavi the aura adhyAtma kI carcA karane meM inakI tIna cAra racanAoM kA patA calA hai inameM nipuNa the| inhoMne apanI putrI jainulade ko, jo guNa se mAdityavAra kathA to mudrita ho cukI hai| zIla se sampanna aura rUpavAna thI, khUba vidyA paDhAI dUsarI racanA neminAtha rAsa hai, jisameM neminAtha kii| hemarAja ne usakA vivAha nandalAla se kiyA paura rAjula kA jIvana-paricaya maMkita hai| tIsarI thA jo usa samaya vayAnA se pAkara prAgarA meM raha racanA pAzvanAtha kathA hai jo jayapura ke terApaMthI rahe the| inhoMne pravacanasAra kI TIkA saM0 1700 bar3e mandira ke gucchaka naM0 163 meM darja hai lipi meM, zAtA kuMvarapAlana ke anurodha se banAI thii| 1704 hai (grantha sUcI pra0 2 pR0 355) cauthI racanA mora paMcAstikAyakI TIkA saM0 (1721) meM rUpapuSpadanta pUjA hai kavi ne racanAkAla nahIM diyA / candrajI ke prasAda se banAI thI / paramAtmaprakAza kI

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti pranya TIkA saM0 1717 meM bhaktAmarastotra kA padyAnuvAda kA nAma vinodIlAla thaa| Apake banAye hue pada bhI prApakI kRti hai, karmaprakRti ko hindI TokA aura jakar3I haiM jo sva-para-sambodhaka haiN| jakar3I (saM0 1717 ) meM maura zvetAmbara caurAsI bola bhI prakAzita ho cukI haiN| mApane banAye the| ___caudahaveM kavi vinodIlAla haiM, inake paradAdA bArahaveM kavi bulAkIdAsa yA bUlacanda haiM, jo kA nAma 'masra' aura dAdA kA nAma 'pArasa' thA nandalAla paura jainulade ke putra the / inake pitAmaha aura pitA kA nAma 'darigahamalla' thA / vinodIlAla kA nAma zravaNadAsa aura mAtA kA nAma jainulade jaina siddhAnta ke acche vidvAna aura kavi the| yA jainI thA jo pratyanta viduSI thii| paM. unhoMne likhA hai ki-"daMpana pAyu vRSA mujha bUlacanda ne dillI ke jayasiMhapurA meM paMDita aruNa- gaI, tIje pana kucha zubhamati bhaI / " isase spaSTa maNi se vidyA prApta kI thii| parunmariNa ne inheM hai ki kavi kI Ayu ke do bhAga bIta jAne para hita ke mAtha vidyA par3hAI kI / inhoMne apanI mAtA jaina dharma kI pora vizeSa prAkRSTa hue the aura tabhI kI prAjJA se 'pANDavapurANa' saMvata 1754 meM racanAmoM kI pora citta lagAyA thaa| unakI jo banAyA thA, aura praznottara zrAvakAcAra ke tIna racanAe mere pravalokana meM pAI hai, unakA ullekha hisse jahAnAbAda meM saM0 1747 meM aura cauthA nimna prakAra haihissA pAnIpata meM saM0 1766 meM samApta 1 bhaktAmara kathA sa0 1747,2 samyaktva kiyA thA / kaumudI saM0 1746,3 siddhacakra kathA saM0 1750 terahaveM kavi darigaha mala haiM, jo vassadezAnta- meM auraMgajeba ke rAjyakAla meM banAkara samApta rgata 'sahajAdapura' nAmaka nagara ke nivAsI the, kI hai / yadyapi yaha saMskRta racanA kA padyAnuvAda jo gaMgA ke taTa para basA hayA thaa| inakA gotra mAtra hai, phira bhI usameM sarasatA hai dohA. caupAI 'garga' thaa| ye kASThAsaMgha mAthura gaccha puSkaragaNa soraThA, maDilla, troTaka Adi aneka chandoM meM ke bhaTrAraka kumAra sena kI mAmnAya ke vidvAna the, racI gaI hai| kavi ne usakI prazasti meM apanA jo seTha sudarzana ke samAna dRr3hatI the / inake putra paricaya bhI aMkita kiyA hai| 4 rAjula paccIsI 1. prastuta sahajAdapura prayAga yA ilAhAbAda ke pAsa gaMgA nadI ke taTa para basA hamA thaa| vahAM agravAla zrAvako ke aneka ghara the, jaina mandira thaa| 17vIM zatAbdI ke kavi bhagavatIdAsa agravAla naM bhI vahAM raha kara racanA kI thii| 2. nAmaka thA zrIpAla dinoda, paDhata sunata mana hoya pramoda / jAti vAniyA aggaravAra, gota aThAraha meM siradAra // manakhacUna mujha alli mahAna, garga gotra javaMza pradhAna / para dAde ko 'maMDana' nAma, kula maNDana huo so dhAma / / dAdo 'pArasa' tAsu samAna, yathA nAma taise guNa jAna / darigahamalla tAta mujha tanoM, zIla sumeru sudarzana mano / tAko anuja vinodIlAla, meM yaha racanA racI vizAla / saMvata satraha se pacAsa, dveja ujArI agahana mAsa / ravi vAsara pAI zubha dharI, nA dina kathA saMpUrana bhaI /

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bhAvAloM kA jaina dharma meM yogadAna surucipUrNa haiN| 5 neminAtha vyAhalA, 6 phUlamAla paccIsI smarasa kI sarasa carcA navAgantuka vyakti para 7 neminApa bArahamAsA aura aneka pada bhI apanA prabhAva achUtA nahIM chor3atI thii| vaha unake banAye hue haiM / sabhI racanAe' sambodhaka aura sarasa vyavahAra aura tatvacarcA se bhAtma-vibhora hue binA nahIM rahatA thA / usakI abhilASA pandrahaveM kavi dyAnatarAya hai,' jo prAgarA satsamAgama se lAbha uThAne kI prati samaya rahatI ke nivAsI the| inakA gotra 'goyala' thaa| kavi thI / pariNAmasvarUpa usakA dhArmika zaithilya dara ke pUrvaja jalAlapura se bhAkara bhAgarA meM base the| hokara zraddhA meM dRr3hatA lA detA thaa| vaha jaina dharma kavi ke pitAmaha kA nAma vIradAsa aura pitA kA kA zraddhAlu aura apane mAnava jIvana ko UMcA nAma zyAmadAsa thaa| kavi kA janma saM0 1733 uThAne kI bhAvanA ko hRdayaMgama kara letA thaa| meM humA thaa| bAla avasthA meM inakA lAlana-pAlana dyAnanarAyajI una donoM kI zikSA se mAnava jIvana bar3e prema se hamA, aura prArambhika zikSA bhI kI saphalatA ke rahasya ko pAgaye aura prAkRta milI / usa samaya unakI jainadharma meM koI ruci saMskRta ke acche vidvAna bana gye| ve jaina dharma kA nahIM thI, kintu ve pitA se bhAgata dharma kA hI parijJAna kara usakI zaraNa meM bhAgae / saM0 1748 prAcaraNa karate the| daivayoga se kavivara ke pitA me 15 varSa kI avasthA meM kavi kA vivAha ho kA saM01742 meM pracAnaka svargavAsa ho gyaa| gayA, aura ve gRhastha jIvana kI sUhaddha sAMkaloM se usa samaya kavi kI avasthA 6 varSa kI thii| jakar3a diye gaye, jisameM rAjI hokara jIva apane pitA ke svargavAsa kA unake jIvana para bar3A katavya ko bhUla jAte haiN| kavi ne 16 varSa kI prabhAva par3A, aura ghara-gRhasthI kA sArA bhAra alpa avasthA ma athAt sa0 1 avasthA meM arthAt saM0 1752 meM kArtika vadI avasthA meM uThAne ko majabUra honA pdd'aa| parantu prayodazI ke dina prAgarA meM 'sUbodha paMcAsikA' mAtmIyajanoM aura dUsare sAdharmIjanoM ke sahayoga banAI, bhora saM0 1758 meM upadeza zataka, chahalar3hA se kucha samaya apanA kArya karate hue bhI zikSA saM0 1758, aura saM0 1780 meM dharma vilAsa, kI ora agrasara rahe / teraha varSa kI umra meM jisameM 45 racanAoM kA saMkalana kiyA gayA hai| inakA paricaya paM0 bihArIlAla aura zAha mAnasiMha 333 bhAdhAtmika sva-para-sambodhaka pada, carcA zataka jI se ho gyaa| donoM hI mahAnubhAva jainadharma ke bar3I sundara kRti hai / saM0 1781 meM mAgama vilAsa pacche jAnakAra the aura zaktyanusAra usa para amala kI racanA huI, jisameM 152 sarvayA tathA 55 pranya bhI karate the| usa samaya mAgarA meM adhyAtma zaMlI choTI-choTI racanAmoM kA saMgraha hai| jinameM pratimA kA bahuta jora thaa| yatra-tatra jaina dharma kI carcA vahatarI saM. 1781 meM dillI meM banAkara samApta khUba calatI thI / prAgarA vidvAnoM ke samAgama kI hai / saMvat 1783 me kArtika zuklA caturdazI ke paura tatvacarcA kA kendra sA bana gayA thaa| phalataH dina kavi ne sAmyabhAva se apane jar3a zarIra kA vahAM usa samaya yadi koI hAkima yA sadgRhastha parityAga kiyA thaa|' kavi kI mRtyu ke bAda pahu~ca jAtA thA to vaha una vidvAnoM kI satsaMgati unakI kRtiyoM kA ciTThA unake putra lAlajI ne se jarUra lAbha uThAne kA prayatna karatA thA / pradhyA- pAlamagaMja vAsI kisI jhAjhU nAmaka vyakti ko de 1. vizeSa paricaya ke liye dekhoM anekAnta varSa 11 kiraNa 4-5 pR0 161 1. saMvata vijhamanTapati ke guNa vasu zaila sitaMza / kArtika sukala caturadazI yAnata sura gaMtUza //

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bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti grantha 172 diyA thaa| mAlUma hone para paM0 jagatarAma ne usase dhInakara motIkaTane meM rakkhA, maura racanAoM ke naSTa hone ke bhaya se saM0 1784 meM mAgha sudI 14 ko mainapurI meM samApta kiyA hai| 1 solahaveM kavi bAsIlAla hai, jo dillI ke nivAsI the inhoMne seTha suganacanda jI ke vidvAna putra giradharalAlajI se, jo prAkRta saMskRta ke acche vidvAna the aura naye mandira jI meM zAstra pravacana kiyA karate the| prAkRta vairAgya zataka kA hindI ghayaM jAnakara jIvamukharAya kI preraNA se unhIM ke paThanArtha hindI bhASA meM padyAnuvAda kiyA thA / kRti kA racanA kAla saM0 2004 poSamudi dIija hai| dohe rocaka dhaura bhAva pUrNa hai| satrahaveM kavi jagatarAya haiM jo siMghala gotrI the| inhoMne saMvat 1722 meM padmanaMdi paccIsI kA padyAnuvAda kiyA thA / aThArahaveM kavi santalAla haiM jo nakur3a jilA sahAranapura ke vAsI the| inhoMne siddhacakra kA pATha hindI padyoM meM banAyA hai / inakA janma saM0 1834 meM huA thA aura mRtyu [saM0 1886 meM ye aMgrejI bhASA ke bhI vidvAna the| inake atirikta paM0 iragulAlajI khataulI, bAvaralA ratnalAlajI dillI, paM0 meharacandajI sunipata paM0 RSabhadAsajI cilakAnA ( mithyAtimiranAzaka nATaka ke kartA ) paM0 maMgatarAya jI prAvi dhaneka vidvAna hai, jinakA paricaya lekha vRddhi ke bhaya se chor3A jAtA hai / paM0 nihAlacandajI agravAla ne saM0 1867 meM nayacakrapara bhAvaprakAzinI TIkA likhI thii| nandarAma goyala gotrI ne saM0 1904 meM yogasAra TIkA phAlguna sudI 1 vI candravAra ke dina ) dhAgarA ke tAjagaMja ke pArzvanAtha caityAlaya meM zrAvakottama ThAkoradAsa, riSabhadAsa bhora pannAlAla ke upadeza se banAI thI / isa taraha apravAsa samAja dvArA jainadharma kI sevA, usake vistAra evaM pracAra Adi kA kArya kiyA jAtA rahA hai| isa lekha meM saM0 1989 se aba taka ke samaya meM hone vAlI dharma dhaura sAhitya sevA kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| kitane hI vidvAnoM kA paricaya lekha vRddhi ke bhaya se nahIM diyA jA skaa| isase pAThaka sahaja hI vAloM ke jainadharma agravAloM ke pracAra tathA prasAra meM yogadAna kA paricaya prApta kara sakate haiN| vartamAna meM bhI savAloM kI jainadharma ke prati ruci paura jaina saMskRti ke pracAra-prasAra kA kArya cala rahA hai| sAhityika kSetra meM vIra sevA mandira dillI jaina siddhAMta bhavana dhArA, dhaura bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI apanA kArya kara hI rahe haiM / jJAnadAna aura zrISadhidAna meM aneka saMsthAoM ke atirikta dillI kA parindoM kA hampatAla bhI ullekhanIya hai / vartamAna meM bhI isa samAja meM aneka gaNyamAna puruSa haiM jina kA adhikAMza jIvana samAja aura sAhitya sevA meM vyatIta huA hai athavA ho rahA hai jinameM bAbU choTelAla jI kalakattA tathA paM0 jugala kizora jI mustAra yAdi ke nAma se sArA samAja paricita hai / vAstava meM hI agravAla samAja kA jainadharma aura sAhitya ke pracAra tathA prasAra meM jo yogadAna rahA hai vaha prazaMsanIya evaM anukaraNIya hai / X X X X

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hindI kA AdikAla aura jaina - sAhitya * DA0 chavinAtha tripAThI hindI sAhitya kA zrAdikAla sAmAnya rUpa se dasavIM se caudahavIM zatAbdI taka mAnA jAtA hai / isa kAla ke aneka nAma hindI ke prAcAryo dvArA prastuta kiye gaye haiN| sabake pAsa tatkAlIna upalabdha sAmagrI thI apane tarka the| kisI ne use vIra gAthA kAla kahA, kisI ne siddha sAmanta kAla aura aba use uttara apabhraMza kAla kahA jAtA hai / sarva prathama paM0 candradhara zarmA gulerI ne batAyA ki vikrama kI sAtavIM se gyArahavIM zatAbdI taka apabhraMza kI pradhAnatA rahIM aura phira vaha purAnI hindI meM pariNata ho gii| isameM dezI kI pradhAnatA hai. vibhaktiyAM ghisa gaI haiM, khira gaI haiN| eka hI vibhakti 'haeN' yA 'prA' kaI kAma dene lagI / ' isI vicAra kA samarthana karate hue prAcArya hajArIprasAda dvivedI ne likhA hai ki 'dasavIM se caudahavIM zatAbdI kA kAla jise hindI kA Adi kAla kahate haiM, bhASA kI dRSTi se apabhraMza kA hI bar3hAva hai / isI prapabhraMza ke bar3hAva ko kucha loga uttara kAlIna prapabhraMza kahate haiM aura kucha loga purAnI hindI / " 'bArahavIM zatAbdI taka nizcita rUpa se paza bhASA hI purAnI hindI ke rUpa meM calatI thI, yadyapi usameM naye tatsama zabdoM kA prAgamana zuru ho gayA thA / " 'bolacAla kI bhASA meM tatsama zabdoM kA pracAra bar3hane lagA thA, para padya meM apabhraMza kA hI prAdhAnya thA / isa liye isa kAla ko pAza kA bar3hAva kAla kahanA hI ucita hai / 2 ina vicAroM kI abhivyakti ke uparAnta bhI anusaMdhAna kArya calatA rahA hai; aneka aisI kRtiyAM 1. draSTavya - hindI sAhitya kA bhAdi kAla pR0 22 2. bahI - 10 24 / prakAza meM A cukI haiM jo hindI sAhitya ke zrAdikAla ke svarUpa, nAma, bhASA Adi para pracura prakAza DAlatI haiM / prAcArya zukla ke samaya pRthvIrAja rAso bIsaladeva rAso, vidyApati kI padAvalI tathA kucha anya aisI racanAyeM upalabdha thIM jo prapUrNa aura ardha prAmANika thIM / prAcArya hajArIprasAda dvivedI ne isa sUcI meM kucha aura vRddhi kI aura saMdeza rAsaka ke mahatva para prakAza ddaalaa| isa kAla ke granthoM kI sUcI nirantara bar3hatI gaI hai aura naye anusaMdhAna ke sAtha sAtha uttarottara bar3hatI jA rahI hai / hindI sAhitya ke zrAdikAla ko prapabhraMza kA bar3hAva mAna lene para dasavIM se codahavIM zatAbdI taka kI sampUrNa kRtiyoM kA, cAhe ve apabhraMza meM hoM yA DiMgala meM, prAcIna gujarAtI meM hoM yA maithilI meM, vivecana prapekSita hai aura yaha nirNaya karanA adhikArI vidvAnoM kA kArya hai ki kina kina kRtiyoM ko hindI sAhitya ke AdikAla meM samAviSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai yA kiyA jAnA cAhiye / yaha kArya abhI zeSa hai aura kheda kI bAta hai ki isa para kArya nahIM ho rahA hai / hindI sAhitya ke prAdikAla kI upalabdha sAmagrI ko pAMca vargoM meM rakhA jA sakatA hai - (1) nAtha paMthI aura siddha sAhitya (2) rAso aura rAsa yA rAsaka kAvya (3) uttara apabhraMza kA jaina sAhitya (4) hindI kI upabhASAoM kA sAhitya tathA (5) prAcIna gujarAtI sAhitya ( yadi ve DiMgala yA prAcIna hindI ke samIpa hoM ) / ina vargoM meM se

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174 bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti prantha hindI kI upabhASAmoM meM kevala maithilI kI racanAyeM antargata prakSya-geya (prAjakAla kA gIti-nATya) upalabdha haiN| nAtha paMthI aura siddhoM kA sAhitya prAdi- ko rakhA gayA hai aura rAsaka usakA eka rUpa hai| kAla kI mahatvapUrNa sAmagrI hai| zeSa tIna vargoM kI hemacandra ke pUrva rAsaka ke kaI rUpa pracalita the| kRtiyAM yA to jaina sAhitya ke antargata pAtI haiM tAla rAsa, lagaDa rAsa, carcarImAdi usake vividha yA isa dhArA se pUrNataH prabhAvita haiN| rUpoM kI carcA hI nahIM milatI, para apabhraza ke mahAkavi svayaMbhU ne apane prabandhakAvya pauma cariu rAsa yA rAsaka meM usakA prayoga bhI kiyA hai / unake prayoga se rAsa yA rAsaka ke sambandha meM vividha mata | yaha bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki rAsa kevala pracalita hai| hindU paramparA 'rAsa' se maMDalAkAra ___ maMDalAkAra nRtya mAtra nahIM thA / unake samaya yaha natya kA bodha karatI hai aura kRSNa se isakA sambandha dhruvaka yukta lokagItinATya thA / mAvazyakatAjor3a letI hai| rAsa, carcarI prAdi ke prAcIna nusAra prabandha kAvya meM use aMga rUpa meM prayukta kiyA ullekhoM se isakA sambandha loka jIvana aura loka / jA sakatA thaa| laguDa rAsa kevala DaMDA lekara hI nRtyoM se jor3a liyA jAtA hai| DA0 dazaratha projhA nahIM, koI bhI zastra lekara do vyakti (puruSa-puruSa, sAtavIM zatAbdI meM isakA pracura pracAra svIkAra yA puruSa-strI) saMpanna kara sakate the, hAM gAne ke karate haiN|' ripudAraNa rAsa ke prAdhAra para liye sAtha meM anya vyaktiyoM kI prAvazyakatA hotI dhruvaka yuktatA isakA eka guNa bhI siddha karate haiN| ' thii| abhinaya (gIta ke bhAvAnusAra) do vyaktiyoM yaha bhI unhoMne likhA hai ki 8vIM zatAbdI se 15vIM kA hI cala sakatA thaa| zatAbdI taka ke madhya kRSNa rAsa lIlA kA prAyaH ___hemacandra ke samaya taka rAsaka kA bhI pAThya prabhAva sA pratIta hotA hai| ataH dasavIM se paura geya bheda nahIM bana sakA thA apitu-geya-prekSya caudahavIM zatAbdI taka jo rAsa kAvya likhe gaye unakA sambandha kisI bhI prakAra se kRSNa rAsa se (bhabhinaya yukta) aura geya mAtra (mabhinaya yukta) bheda avazya bana cukA thA aura isakA prathama udAharaNa nahIM jor3A jA sakatA hai| upalabdha rAsa kAvya bhI jinadatta sUrikA 'upadeza rasAyana rAsa' hai jo geya isakI sAkSI nahIM dete| ye rAsa kAvya adhikatara mAtra to hai para geyAbhineya nhiiN| yahI sthiti jaina kaviyoM dvArA likhe gaye haiN| prataH inakI rAsa unakI carcarI kI hai| sambandhI dhAraNA kA nirNAyaka mahattva hai / hemacandra ne prekSya kAvya ke do bheda kiye haiM pAThya aura reya / apabhraMza ke jitane bhI rAsa kAvya upalabdha haiM pATya meM unhoMne-nATaka, prakaraNa, nATikA, samava- unameM vahamANa kRta 'saMdeza rAsaka' ko choDakara kAra ihAmRga, Dima, vyAyoga, utpaSTikoka, prahasana, sabhI jaina kaviyoM kI racanAyeM haiN| saMdeza rAsaka bhANa, vIthI aura sahaka prAdi / geya meM unhoMne- vipralaMbha zRgAra kA rAsaka (gIti nATya ) hai aura DombikA, bhAraNa, prasthAna, ziMgaka, bhAriNakA, preraNa, bharatezvara bAhubalI rAsa vIrAnuprANita zAnta rasa rAmAkrIDa, hallIsaka, rAsaka, goSThI, zrIgadita rAga kA rAsaka / upadeza rasAyana rAsa isa prakAra ke kAmyAdi / isa vibhAjana se spaSTa hai ki prekSya caritoM ko jinameM saMsAra se vairAgya dikhAyA gayA to donoM bayoM kI kRtiyAM haiM para dvitIya varga ke ho nATya paura nRtya rUpa meM prastuta karane kI anumati 1. draSTavya-rAsa aura rAsAnvayI kAvya-pR. 36 2. vhiiN| 3 vahI pR041 4. drssttvy-kaavyaanushaasn-813,4||

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hindI kA AdikAla aura jaina-sAhitya 175 detA hai jaba ki vaha sAmAnya rUpa se jaina mandiroM meM rAsa bhI choTe carita kAvya hI hai jo rAsa ke rUpa rAsa kA virodha karatA hai / ' bharatezvara bAhubali- meM prastuta kiye gaye haiN| ghora rAsa (vajasena sUri ) buddhi rAsa (zAlibhadra sUri ), jIva dayA rAsu ( mAsiga ), neminAtha rAsa carita aura rAsa kAvyoM kA yoga-. (sumati gariNa), revaMta girirAsa (vijaya sena sUri), carita kAvyoM kI paramparA prAcIna kAla se hI gayakumAra rAsa (devendra sUri), mAbU rAsa (prajJAta) calI mA rahI thii| carita nAmadhArI kAvyoM ke kacchulI rAsa (prajJA tilaka ), sthUla bhadra phAga likhe jAne ke pUrva ke sabhI mahAkAvya, carita kAvya (prAcArya jinapadama), paMcapaMDava carita rAsa (zAli- hI hai| prazvaghoSa kA buddha carita mahAkAvya bhI hai aura bhadra sUri), neminAtha phAga ( rAjazekhara mUri), caritanAmadhArI bhii| jaba kathA aura pAkhyAyikA gautama svAmI rAsa ( vinaya prabha ), basanta vilAsa kA pracalana huA taba 'harSacarita' jaisI kRtiyoM kI phAgu (prajJAta) tathA carcarikA (prajAta) prAdikAla racanA huii| papagupta kA nava sAhasAMka carita, ke ve rAsa kAvya hai jo mukhyataH jana kaviyoM kI kSemendra kA dazAvatAra carita, vilhaNa kA vikramAGa dena haiM aura jinakI paramparA meM hI pRthvIrAja rAso, deva carita, hemacandra kA kumArapAla carita, jayAnaka vIsaladeva rAso tathA khumAna rAso mAdi racanAyeM kA pRthvIrAja vijaya prAdi carita kAvya saMskRta meM prakAza meM pAI haiN| isI paraMparA meM praba deva ke bhI likhe gaye / jaina paramparA meM triSaSTi zalAkA puruSoM samarA rAsa kI bhI gaNanA kI jA sakatI hai jo ke carita ko kAgya kA prAdhAra banAnA eka apratyakSa eka bana kavi kI hI racanA hai| isameM saMghapati nirdeza mAnA jAtA thaa| isa liye vistata paurA. samarA kA carita variNata hai| Nika kAvyoM se lekara sAmAnya jaina muniyoM ke pRthvIrAja rAsoM kA saMyogitA svayaMvara mAsa carita taka saMskRta prAkRta aura apabhraza meM jainacarita vadha bhaura pRthvIrAja zahAbuddIna saMgharSa prasaMga aiti- kAvya prastuta kiye gaye / pauma carau, rihaNemi hAsika mora prAmANika mAnA jAtA hai| prAmANi- mahAvIra cariu, pAsanAha cariu, manoramA cariya, katA kA prAdhAra itihAsa ko banAyA jAtA hai para prAdinAha cariya, nemInAha cariya, supAsanA cariya isa bAta kI pracura saMbhAvanA vidyamAna hai ki surasundarI cariya, jasahara cAriu, raNAyapRthvIrAja ke carita ko prAdhAra banAkara choTe choTe kumAra cariu, bevalI cariu, saMtinAha cariu, rAsa kAvya likhe gaye hoMge aura unakA eka sthAna puhavIcaMda cariu, rayaNacUDarAya cariya, muni suvvaya para saMkalana kara diyA gayA hogA / ye rAsa kAlpa- cariya, saNa kumAra cariya prabhRti saiMkar3oM carita nika ghaTanAmoM ko prAzrita kara likhe jAne ke kAraNa kAvya jaina muniyoM aura kaviyoM dvArA prastuta kiye yadi itihAsa kI kasauTI para khare nahIM utarate to gaye / jahAM prAkRta bhora mapabhraza ke carita kAvya isameM unakA doSa hI kyA hai ? vIra rasetara rAsa bar3I saMkhyA meM likhe jA rahe the, vahAM saMskRta kAvyoM kAvyoM kI upasthiti ke kAraNa vIsaladeva rAso kI racanA bhI samAnAntara rUpa se hI cala rahI thI ke sImita cAra khaNDoM ko bhI pUrNa mAnA jA sakatA ina carita kAvyoM kA uddezya kevala kAvya kuzalatA hai| zrRMgAra parakatA use rAso paramparA se pRthaka pradarzita karanA mAtra nahIM thA, unameM dhArmika dRSTi nahIM kara sktii| mayaNa rehA rAsa, candana bAlA sannihita thI / udAharaNa ke liye mahAsena ko bahu 1. pammiya nADaya para naccijahi, bharaha sagara nikkhamaNa kahijahiM / pakkabahi-bala-rAyaha cariyAI, macciva ati huti -pavyayaI / u0 rA0 37 //

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bAbU choTekhAta jaina smRti prantha vacita kRti pradya mna carita ko liyA jA sakatA raNamalla chanda, mayaNa rehA rAsa prAdi kI varNana hai| kavi ke zabdoM meM yaha vicitra pradarbhAta kAvya bhI prakriyAmoM meM ina donoM paramparAoM kA pRthaka pRthaka hai aura zraddhA sahita paThyamAna bhii| jaina muniyoM darzana bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai aura sAmya bhI DhUMDhA ke carita lekhana dArA 'triSaSThi puruSa carita kI jA sakatA hai| mAdi kAla ke bAda bhI satrahavIM sImA kA vistAra kiyA gyaa| yaha sImA vistAra taka kI rAsa nAmadhArI aneka kRtiyAM prakAza meM saMskRta ke carita kAvyoM ne hI prArambha kara diyA prA cukI haiN| thaa| udAharaNa ke liye guNabhadra ke jinadatta carita DA. projhA ne yaha lakSya kiyA hai ki 'vaiSNava kA ullekha kiyA jA sakatA hai / jinadatta kI kathA kisI kayAkoza yA purANa meM upalabdha nahIM hai| aura jaina donoM prakAra ke rAsakoM meM vizva-vijaya kI kAmanA se prerita kAmadeva kisI yogI mahAtmA jaba rAsa yA rAsaka kAvya racanA kI pravRtti para abhiyAna kI taiyArI karatA dikhAI par3atA bar3I to sarva prathama jaina kaviyoM ne hI triSaSThi puruSa hai|' anta meM usakI parAjaya bhI dikhalAI gaI sahita anya varNya caritoM ko yA una caritoM kI hai| isa pravRtti ke jaina kAvyoM meM 'mayaNa jujjha' pramukha ghaTanAoM ko rAsa yA rAsaka rUpa denA prAraMbha tathA mayaNa parAjaya cariu ullekhanIya haiM / mamaraNa kara diyaa| bharatezvara bAhubalI sambandhI rAsa parAjaya kI racanA zubhacandra ke jJAnArNava ke isake pramANa haiN| jaba isa sImA se pare bhI rAsa prAdhAra para huI hai / isameM jinendra para kAma kA kAvyoM kA sRjana prArambha huA to aitihAsika prAkramaNa aura usakI parAjaya kA varNana humA puruSa aura jaina muni bhI vayaM viSaya bane / kAlpanika hai| yaha do sandhiyoM aura kula eka so aThAraha rAsa bhI prastuta hue aura hindI sAhitya ke prAdi padya khaMDoM meM samApta ho gayA hai| kahane ke lie kAla ke prAkRta, apabhraMza carita kAvyoM kA prabhAva yaha 'cariu' hai para isameM rAsaka ke guNa hI adhika rAsa yA rAsaka kAvyoM para bhI par3A aura unhoMne haiN| isa sambandha meM DA. hIrAlAla kA yaha vicAra usakI sampUraNaM sImAnoM ko apanA liyaa| isa draSTavya hai-'yathArthataH yaha racanA apane svarUpa prakAra carita aura rAsa kAvya racanA ko do meM anya sUjJAta apabhraMza caritoM se viSaya va zailI pravRttiyAM mAtra raha gaI / varNya ke kSetra meM donoM kA meM kucha bhinna hai| isameM usa prakAra nAyaka kA sammilana ho gyaa| hindI sAhitya ke prAdi kAla caritra varNana nahIM pAyA jAtA hai, jaisA anya ke prathvIrAja, vIsaladeva bhAdi rAso kAvyoM kI caritroM meN| yahAM kA samasta ghaTanAcakra bhAvAtmaka pRSTha bhUmi yahI rahI hai| caudahavI zatAbdI kI aura kalpita hai| yadyapi pariccheda vibhAga parita kRtiyoM pajjuraNa cariu, jiNadatta cariu, bAhubala anyoM ke sadRza sandhiyoM meM kiyA gayA hai, tathApi cariu, caMdapapa cariu, mayaNa parAjaya cariu tathA unameM vastu. dvipadI. praDillaha aura ghaDaDiyA kachalI rAsa, gautama svAmI rAsa, samarA rAsa, chandoM kA prAyaH barAbara kA prayoga adala badala 1. zrImatkAmamahAnarasyacaritaM saMsAravicchedinaH / zraddhAbhaktiparAprabuddhamanasA zRNvaMti ye sattamAH / / saMvegAtkathayanti ye pratidinaM yo'dhIyate saMtatam / bhUyAsuH sakalAstrilokamahitAH zrIvallabhendu zriyaH / / praca05 / / zrI bhUpateranucaro maghano vivekI zRgArabhAvadhanasAgara rAga saarN| kAvyaM vicitraparamAdbhutavarNagumpha salekSya kovidajanAya dadau saMvRttam // 6 //

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hindI kA prAdikAla aura jaina-sAhitya 177 kara kiyA gayA hai| isase kAvya meM eka tAna kI Uba prasAda dvivedI ne dohA paramparA ke nirdeza meM vikranahIM mAne pAI tathA usakI geyAtmakatA spaSTa ho movaMzI, siddhoM ke dohoM, gAya kumAra cariu, karagaI hai| isa dRSTi se yadi isa racanA ko rAsaka kaMDU cariu, thUla bhaha phAga, prAkRta peMgalam, prAdi kahA jAya to manucita na hogaa|"5 mayaNa parA- kA ullekha kiyA hai| vastutaH mAtrika chandoM kA jaya eka rUpaka kAvya hai / jaisA ki maiMne Upara kA prayoga vikramorvazI ke nirmANa kAla se bhI spaSTa kiyA hai 2 rAsa, rAsaka aura carita kAvyoM bahata pUrva se hotA pA rahA thA aura dhammapada meM bhI kA maulika antara unakI geyAtmakatA ke AdhAra para caupAI ke udAharaNa mila jAte hai| svayaMbhU ke hI spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai / ye rAsaka prekSya bhI samaya taka mAtriyaH chandoM ke na kevala vividha rUpa haiM jaisA ki hemacandra ne spaSTa kiyA hai / bIsaladeva vikasita ho cuke the apitu dohA, caupAI, rolA rAso geya hai| pRthvIrAja rAso ke pRthaka pRthaka prAdi kA prabandha kAvyo meM pUrA upayoga bhI hugrA ghaTanAzrita khaMDa bhI apane mala rUpa meM geya hoNge| hai / paumacariu meM ina sabake udAharaNa bar3I mAtrA jahAM taka madana parAjaya kA rAsa yA rAsaka meM mila jAte hai / isa niSkarSa kA prAdhAra, ki se sambandha jor3ane kA prazna hai yaha vaiSNava (nandadAsa pUrva meM dohA, caupAI aura pazcima meM paddhaDiyA. kI rAsa paMcAdhyAyI yA bhAgavata ) bauddha, aura na ghattA adhika lokapriya chanda dhe, eka vihaMgama dRSTiparampaga meM eka sAdhaka ke vighnoM meM variNata ghaTanA kSepa mAtra hai| mAtra hai jo malataH eka hI saMskRti kI tridhArA hindI sAhitya ke prAdi kAla meM siddhoM. nAthameM samAna rUpa se upalabdha hai aura madana parAjaya paMthiyoM Adi kI muktaka, jJAna paraka racanAtroM ke kI yaha ghaTanA jaina aura vaiSNava rAsa kAyoM meM atirikta jaina-muttaka racanAoM kA bhI mahatva pUrNa samAna rUpa meM varNana kA viSaya banI hai| dhArmika yogadAna rahA hai / jaina-sAhitya ke isa yogadAna meM mahattA aura sarasatA isake mukhya kAraNa hai| paramAtmA prakAza, yogasAra, vairAgyasAra, prAnandAjaina kathA gantha nanda stotra, pAhuDa dohA, sAvaya dhamma dohA, kumAra hindI sAhitya ke prAdi kAla meM jaina kathA pAla pratibodha, prabandha cintAmaNi, prabandha granthoM kA bhI eka viziSTa sthAna hai, yadyapi inakI koza-prAdi kA mahatva pUrNa sthAna hai / inameM una upekSA adhika huI hai / lIlAvatI aura kuvalaya mAlA muktaka racanAmoM kA pUrva rUpa upalabdha ho jAtA hai prabhati prAkRta granthoM kA paravatI sAhitya para jo grAdi kAla kI antima zatAbdI aura usake pracura prabhAva par3A hai| isI paramparA meM bhavisayatta bAda prakAza meM AI haiM aura jinhoMne hindI sAhitya kahA, jIva manaH karaNa saMlApa kathA, dhamma parikkhA, kI zrI vRddhi meM mahatvapUrNa yoga diyA hai| kathA koSa, ratnakaraNDa zAstra, sthUlibhadra kathA, aNuvrata ratna pradIpa, sulasAkhyAna prAdi kRtiyAM bhI isa sakSipta vihaMgama dRSTipAta se yaha niSkarSa pAtI haiM jinakA hindI sAhitya ke Adi kAla ke sahaja hI nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki prAdi kAlIna pradhyayana meM mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai| jaina-sAhitya kI apekSA kara hindI sAhitya ke jaina muktaka kAvya prAdi kAla ke svarUpa aura usake sarvAgINa mahattva prAdi kAla kI adhikAMza jaina racanAyeM apabhraMza kA prAkalana kara pAnA saMbhava hI nahIM hai| yA pratyadhika apabhraMza prabhAvita haiN| prAcArya hajArI1. dRSTavya-mayaNa parAjaya kI bhUmikA pR0 67 // 2, vahIM-pRSTha 70 // 3. dRSTavya-hindI sAhitya kA prAdikAla 101 se 103 taka

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- - - - sadbhireva sahAsIta sadbhiH kurvIta saMgatim / / sadbhivivAdaM maitrI ca, nAsadbhirkicidAcaret // sajjanoM ke sAtha hI baiTho, sajjanoM ke sAtha hI raho, sajjanoM ! | ke sAtha hI dostI karo, sajjanoM ke sAtha hI jhagar3A karo, tAtparya jo| kucha bhI AcaraNa karo kevala sajjanoM ke sAtha hI karo, asatpurUpoM / ke sAtha jarA sA bhI kisI bhI prakAra kA samparka mata rkho| vRtta yatnena saMrakSet , vittamAyAti yAti c| akSINo vittataH kSINo, vRttatastu hato hataH // apane caritra kI prayatna pUrvaka rakSA karanI cAhiye kyoMki dhana , cale jAne para bhI manuSya kSINa nahIM hotA, usakA kucha nahIM bigdd'taa| / kintu jisakA caritra naSTa ho jAtA hai yaha manuSya to mare hue ke samAna !

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do aitihAsika racanAeM bha~varalAla nAhaTA racanAoM ke saMrakSaNa aura nirmANa kA barAbara banA rahA hai| isaliye vividha prakAra kI bahuta-sI aitihAsika racanAyeM prAja bhI prApta haiN| paTTAvaliyoM, zrAcAryoM ke rAsa, gIta, tIrthaM mAlAyeM, aitihAsika prabandha va kAvya prAdi kAphI milate haiM / una sabake AdhAra se tathA prazastiyoM aura mUrti lekhoM ke AdhAra se madhyakAlIna jaina itihAsa bar3e acche rUpa meM likhA jA sakatA hai / para yaha sAmagrI bahuta hI vivarI huI hai / una sabakA saMgraha karanA bhI bahuta hI kaThina hai / gat 30-40 varSoM meM jaina itihAsa kI sAmagrI kA saMgraha evaM prakAzana hotA rahA hai para aisI racanAoM kI khapata nahIM ho pAtI isaliye Age kAma ruka jAtA hai / zvetAmbara samAja ne kucha varSa pahale taka isa dizA meM kAphI kAma kiyA aura aba digambara samAja kI ora se bhI acchA prayatna ho rahA hai / praneka zAstra bhaNDAroM ke sUcI patra idhara kucha varSoM meM taiyAra huye haiM aura kucha prakAzita bhI ho cuke haiN| isase zve0, diga0 aura tara bahusaMkhyaka prajJAta racanAoM kI jAnakArI prakAza meM AI hai / yadyapi bahuta se zAstra bhaNDAra abhI taka prajJAta avasthA meM par3e hai| jaba taka una sabakI sUciyAM na bana jAya taba taka jaina sAhitya kA mahatvapUrNa rUpa se prakAza meM nahIM lA sakatA / madhyakAlIna jaina vidvAnoM kA dhyAna aitihAsika meN| inameM se kaI racanAyeM to aisI bhI hotI haiM jo sarvathA prajJAta hone ke sAtha-sAtha vizeSa mahatva kI haiM / kucha racanAoMoM kI to kevala eka-eka prati baca pAI hai| aisI hI do zve0 aitihAsika racanAyeM jayapura ke di0 zAstra bhaNDAra meM prApta eka guTake meM milI haiN| una racanAoM kA aitihAsika sArAMza prastuta lekha meM prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai / ye donoM racanAyeM zve0 gujarAtI lokAgaccha ke prAcAryo saMbaMdhI haiM aura inakI koI dUsarI prati zvetAmbara bhaNDAra meM abhI taka nahIM milI hai| ina do prAcAryoM ke nAma kramazaH 'cintAmaNI' aura 'khemakaraNa' hai / khemakaraNa, cintAmaNI ke ziSya aura paTTaghaTa the / donoM kA ho janma rAjasthAna ke zrAUvA zahara meM huA thA | AcArya 'cintAmaNI' saMbaMdhI racanA kA nAma zrI pUjya zrI cintAmaNI jI janmotpatti svAdhyAya racanA ke anta meM likhA huA hai / isameM unake janma se lekara svargavAsa taka kA vRttAnta pAyA jAtA hai| dUsarI racanA kA nAma "gaNanAyaka zrI khemakaraNa jI janmotpatti saMthArA vidhi" pranta meM likhA gayA hai| isameM khemakaraNa ke janma se svargavAsa taka kA vRttAnta hai / donoM racanAnoM * kA aitihAsika sArAMza nIce diyA jA rahA hai / vaise to sAdhAraNatayA di0 zAstra bhaNDAroM meM fermbara grantha hI adhika milate haiM isI taraha zve 0 bhaNDAroM meM zvetAmbaroM ke| phira bhI kucha grantha va mahatvapUrNa pratiyAM zvetAmbaroM kI digambara bhaNDAroM meM mila jAtI hai aura digambaroM kI zve0 bhaNDAroM (1) zrAUpA zahara meM zrAvaka bhImAsAha ke putra cImAsAha kI patnI caturaMga de kI kUkSI meM cintAmaNi kumAra avatarita hue| saMvat 1684 mitI pauSa zuklA 7 gurUvAra ko janma lekara kramaza: yuvAvasthA ko prApta hue| zrI vasurAjajI kI vANI sunakara vairAgyavAsita ho mAtA-pitA se dIkSA lene kI dhanumati mAMgI | caritra kI durddharSatA batAne para * donoM racanAtroM kI pratinidhi mahAvIra jI tIrtha kameTI se varNita jaina sAhitya zodha saMsthAna se prApta huI haiM isake liye saMsthA saMsthAna ke kAryakartAnoM kA AbhAra mAnatA hai /

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180 bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti prantha bhI kumAra kA pakkA vairAgya raMga jJAta kara mAtA- cAtamasi ghata bhAjanapUra, tAla pIpAr3a batIsavAM, pitA ne Adeza diyA aura cularAja (cintAmaNi) do cAturmAsa tetIsA-cautIsavAM uvraNa meM, kA dIkSA mahotsava prArambha kiyaa| caturvidha saMgha paMtIsavA ratanAvatI meM kiyaa| chattIsavA~ ujjana, milA / zrI dhanarAja jI sAdhu parivAra sahita setIsavAM dillI, ar3atIsavA~ noraMgapura, unacAlIsA pdhaare| saMvat 1704 mitI jyeSTa badi 5 gurUvAra verInagara, cAlIsavA~ alavara, ikacAlIsavAM siloraNe ko zrI cintAmariNajI ne guru zrI dhanarAja jI ke pAsa / bayAlIsavAM parabatasara, teMyAlIsavAM sojata cAturmAsa sayama mArga svIkAra kiyaa| huprA / saMvat 1746 kA cAturmAsa sojata karake inakA prathama cAturmAsa jayatAraNa, dUsarA phira paravatasara pAye / dopacanda ne guru zrI se vagar3I, va cauthA ratalAma, pAMcavA surata, zrI khemakaraNajI ko gacchabhAra sauMpane kI prArthanA tIsarA chaLA kRSNagar3ha, sAtavAM puSpAvatI, pAThavAM kii| nimaMDala aura zrIsaMgha ekatra humA / rUpanagara sojhata, navAM viSNupura, dasavAM gyArahavAM sUrata; aura kRSNagaDha ke saMgha ne bahuta-sA artha vyaya kiyaa| bArahavAM sudhadaMtI (sojata), terahavAM rakhInagara dIpacanda ne tathA nagasiMha ne svadharmI vAtsalyacaudahavAM hAMsI. pandrahavAM dillI solahavAM jImaNavAra kiye / rUpanagara va paravatasara ke saMgha argalapura (AgarA) satarahavAM harasora meM huA / ne muniyoM ke saMdhAr3e meM pahirAvaNI kI / isa prakAra ye saba caumAse guru zrI ke sAtha hI hue| zrIdhana- bar3I mahimA huI aura gacchanAyakoM kI jor3I rAjajI dharmopadezoM dvArA dharma kI mahimA bar3hAte sUrya-candra jaisI suzobhita lagane lagI / saMvat 1747 hue mAravAr3a pAye / prAuvA padhArane para saMgha ne bar3A kA 44 vAM cAturmAsa kisanagar3ha huaA / phira svAgata kiyaa| rAva mahezadAsa ne yahIM para (cintA- rUpanagara, ahipura, dhauSaM dA, dillI, kulathapurI meM maNijI) ko paTTadhara sthApita karane kI prArthanA tIna prakabarAbAda me do cAturmAsa karake 54 vAM kii| utsava prArambha huA | rAva mahezadAsa ke dillI meM kiyA. 55 vAM vaparaNIya karake muhatA nathamala ne pada mahotsava kiyaa| svadharmI kisanagaDha padhAre / saMgha ne bar3e samAroha pUrvaka vAtsalya hue, rAThaura kamadhaja rAvajI kI marja thI svAgata biyA aura vinatI karake gaccharAja ko paura cintAmaNi jI kI yogyatA jJAta kara vahIM rakhA / pAna cAturmAsa kiye pAMcaveM caumAse zrI dhanarAjajI ne saMvat 1721 jyeSTha vadi 5 ko meM paTTaghara ko apane pAsa rakhA / phira sAThavAM unhe svayaM paTTa para sthApita kara gaccha bhAra cAturmAsa mukaMdagar3ha kiyA, dhAvako ne bar3I sevA sNbhlaayaa| kI / saMvat 1763 mitI kAtI badi 2 zanivAra isake bAda munimaNDala sahita vicarate hae ke dina zrI cintAmariga ne saMthArA kiyA / caurAsI dhRtapura Aye / aThArahavAM caumAsA karake unnIsavAM lakSa jIvAyoni se kSAmaNApUrvaka sAta prahara kA rUpanagara, bosayA~ jAlale, ika savA ghRtapura, bAI. anazana pUrNa kara tRtIyA ke dina ravivAra ko gurUzrI savAM bagahI cAturmAsa humA / saMvat 1722 (16) nirvANa prApta hue / saMgha ne navakhaNDI maMdI ko meM reyA nagara padhAre / yahAM prAsoja mudi 11 ke paMcavarNI dhvajAnoM se susajjita kara vAjika prAdi dina garU zrI kA nirvANa hA / zrI citAmaNijI ke sAtha paise uchAlate hue gurU kI antyeSThi kriyA na cauvIsavAM cAturmAsa sAdaDI. pacIsavAM kizanagar3ha. sampanna kI / zrI cintAmariNajI apane nAmake pranarUpa chabIsavA nohalAI, sattAvIsavAM ratanapurI, aThAIsavAM saMgha kI kAmanAeM pUrNa kreN| vrahAnapura, unnatIsavAM malakApUra, cAturmAsa kiyaa| saMvat 1763 kAtI badi 13 pAzisutavAra abhairAja va dodarAja ne khuba sevA kii| tIsavAM ke dina zrI cintAmaNijI ke paTTadhara zrI khemakaraNajI

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do aitihAsika racanAyeM ke prasAda se ziSya sukhakara ne yaha racanA ( sadagurU zrI pUjya zrI cintAmaNijI janmotpatti svAdhyAya) ko jo nara nArI sthira citta se stuti kareMge, sunege ve lIlAmroM ko prApta kreNge| } pa 8 & 11 prAcArya cintAmariNa ke gurU kA nAma dhanarAja to cintAmaNi janmotpatti svAdhyAya meM diyA hai| para isase pahale kI paramparA gujarAtI tapAgaccha kI paTTAvalI se jJAta hotI hai| jisakA sArAMza jaina / jisakA sArAMza jaina gurjara kaviyoM bhAga : 3 ke pariziSTa naM0 2 meM prakAzita huA hai / usake anusAra lokAzAha ke mata meM sarvaprathama bhAgAjI dIkSita hue| tadanantara mIdAjI, nUnA jI bhImA jI, jagamAla jI, 'saravA jI, rUpajI, jIva jo baDAvaraniha "laghu varasiMha, jasavanta jI, rUpasiMha jI, aura dAmodara jI kramazaH gujarAtI lokAgaccha ke prAcArya bane / dAmodara ke zivya panarAja jI hue unakI zAkhA jayatAraNa se alaga ho gii| 17 varSa ke bAda saMvat 1713 meM sUrata meM borA bIrajI ne punaH gaccha kI ekatA kA prayatna kiyA / para inakI ziSya saMtati to alaga banatI hI rhii| dhanarAja ke bAda 'cintAmaNi' gaccha nAyaka bane / zrIra unake paTTa para semakaraNa vaiThe / jinakA vivaraNa semakaraNa janmotpatti saMdhArA vidhi nAmaka dUsarI racanA meM prApta hai jisakA aitihAsika sArAMza nIce diyA jA rahA hai 1 (2) zrAuvA zahara meM saMgha ziroga riNa cImAsAha nivAsa karate the / unake putra rAmasAha kI strI kA nAma rAnA de thA jo rUpavAna, puNyavAna aura zIlavatI thii| saMvat 1701 mitI mAtra mudi 13 ke dina zubha velA nakSatra meM zubha svapna sUcita bAlaka kA janma huaa| jisakA nAma zrI samakaraNa rakhA gayA kramazaH vRddhi pAtA huA kumAra tarUNa avasthA ko prApta hudhA eka bAra bhAuvA nagara meM guruzrI cintAmaNi jI pdhaare| jinake upadeza se vairAgyavAsita ho kumAra ne mAtA-pitA se dIkSA lene kI anumati mAMgI / phira bar3e mahotsava ke 1 1 181 sAtha saMvat 1725 mAgha sudi 13 bRhaspativAra ke dina guru zrI se saMyama grahaNa kiyaa| tadanantara saMvat 1726 kA prathama cAturmAsa zrIpUjya jI ke sAtha reyAnagara meM huaa| dUsarA caumAsA sAdar3I, tIsarA sirIyArI, pIyA nohalAI pAMcavA ratanapurI, DA brahAnapura, sAtavAM malakApura, prAThavAM ghRtabhAjanapura, nayAM tAla, dasavAM pIpAr3a meM huaa| phira ujjaina meM do cAturmAsa do cAturmAsa hue abhairAja va dodarAja ne bar3I sevA kI / terahavAM cAturmAsa bar3audA, caudahavAM ujjaina, pandrahavAM dillI, solahavAM noraMgapura, satarahavAM berI nagara, zraThArahavAM rUpa nagara va unnIsavAM cAturmAsa milA huaa| bIsavAM cAturmAsa paravatasara, ikkIsavAM sojitapura kiyA / samasta zrAvakoM ne sevA kara apane manoratha pUrNa kiye| sojata caturmAsa kara zrI cintAmaNi gacchati ke sAtha umra bihAra karate hue parabatasara pAe / dIpacanda zAha ne pratyasa bhaktipUrvaka gacchanAyaka se prArthanA kI ki semakaraNa jI kA padotsava parabatasara meM hI honA cAhiye / phira svIkRti milane para bar3e samArohapUrvaka padotsava kI taiyAriyAM hone lagI / rUpanagara va kRSNagar3ha kA saMgha ekatra huaa| jIvanabAra hue bahuta-sA artha vyaya kiyaa| kRSNagar3ha ke lagAyata gotrIya jasavaMta thAyaka va rUpanagara-parabatasara ke koTecA jinadAsa ke vaMzajoM meM pradhAna dIpacaMda the bahuta se utsava vijinadAsa ke sabhI parivAra vAloM ne artha vyaya kiyaa| munivaroM ko pahirAvaraNI dI / kukuma ke svastika va motiyoM se cauka / pUre gae nAnA prakAra kI vAjitra dhvani ke bIca saMvata 1742 mAgha sudi 13 ke dina zrI pUjya cintAmaNi jI ne zrI samakaraNa jo ko bhAvArya pada pradAna kiyaa| / zrI samakaraNa jI kA 22 va caturmAsa kRSNagar3ha, teIsavAM silAeM, phira dillI, kulaMgapurI meM tIna caumAse karake mukundagar3ha, zrAUyA padhAre / zrAvaka logoM ne nAnA prakAra se sevA kii| phira ratnapurI tadanantara kalyANapura padhAre, koThArI kacarAzAha ne

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182 bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti grantha khUba bhakti kI / chattIsavAM caumAsA parabatasara phira stotra, svopaja TIkA, aura gujarAtI anuvAda kAvyasojata, kezavagaDha va punaH sojata caumAsA kiyaa| saMgraha dvitIya bhAga meM 38 varSa pUrva prakAzita ho cukA phira varAMTiya, lAMbIyA caumAsA karake saMvata 1763 hai| svopajJa TIkA meM bhI dharmasiMha ne apane gurU meM kRSNagar3ha cAturmAsa kiyaa| mitI kAtika badi 3 khemakaraNa sambandhI nimnokta ullekha kiyA haike dina pUjya zrI cintAmaNi jI kA svargavAsa "gurU khemakarNa pAdaprasAdamuditaH svayaM zikSApitatvAt huaa| svahastadIkSApradAnAt svapadasthApitatvAtguruH-mahAn saMvat 1764 kA cAturmAsa reyAMnagara karake gururmadIya dharmopadeSTA zrI pUjya: khemakarNAbhidheyaH dillI pdhaare| zrAvaka saMgha pratyanta harSita huaaa| teSAM (tasya)pAda prasAdena-caraNaprabhAveNa mudito una dinoM bAdazAha kA pratApI rAjya thaa| rAja haSitaH garu khemakarNa pAda prasAda mudritaH, darabAra meM zrAvaka saMgha kA bar3A mAna sammAna thaa| zrImadgurupAdAnugrahapravRddhaharSa ityarthaH / atra khemakarNa agravAla vaMzaja puNyAtmA zrAvaka dIvAna pada para zabdasya zravaNa nakSatrasya ca caturthapAde janmatvAnmUrdhanya suzomita the / guru zrI samAroha pUrvaka svAgata-sAmelA SakArAdika ucita eveti nirgIya likhIto'sti / lAhaNa prabhAvanAdi khUba satkArya hue / paySaNa parvA- athavA grAmanAmnoH saMskArAbhAvAnnAtra vitarkaH / " rAdhanA, lAharaNa, saMvatsarI pAraNAdi se mahimA khemakaraNa ke zAsanakAla meM vartamAna ke ziSya bar3hI / saMvat 1765 kA cAturmAsa dillI meM pUrNa RSi dIpa ne gugaNakaraNDaguNAvalI caupAI ko racanA kara phAlguna taka yahI virAje / anta meM apanA prAyu saMvata 1757 kI vijayAdazamI ko kii| dIpa kavi kI zeSa jJAta kara antima dezanA dekara cauvihAra anya do racanAyeM dharmasiMha ke dharmazAsana me racI gaI saMthArA grahaNa kara liyaa| pApa pAlocanA kara pa pAlocanA kara haiN| eka paMcamI caupAI dUsarI sudarzana seTa kavitta / caurAsI lakSa jIvA yoni se kSamatakSAmaNApUrvaka ye racanAyeM bahata hI sundara haiN| zIla rakSA bhAga 2 cAra dhar3I kA saMthArA pUrNa kara phAlguna badi 8 meM kaI varSa pUrva prakAzita bhI ho cukI haiM / ina donoM zanivAra ke dina pUjya gurU zrI khemakaraNa jI svarga- kI hastalikhita pratiyAM hamAre saMgraha meM hai| vAsI hue| isa anazana ke avasara para dillI ke zrAvakoM ne nAnA utsava va 84 gaccha ke sAdhunoM ko jisa guTake meM cintAmariNa aura khemakaraNa pratilAbha diyA / guru zrI ko stavanA suprabha yA paTTa- saMbaMdho aitihAsika racanAyeM milI haiM vaha jayapura ke ghara dharmasiMdha mUri ne saMvat 1766 zrAvaNa zuklA 7 TholiyoM ke mandira ke zAstra bhaNDAra meM guTakA naM0 somavAra ke dina vayaraNIya grAma caumAsA karake kii| 67 ke rUpa meM hai / isa guTake meM cintAmariNa bhAsa, sadA ise sunane gunane vAle saMgha kA jayajayakAra ho| dharmasiMha gIta tathA cintAmariNaracita zItala stavana (saM 1716 ) Adi racanAyeM bhI haiN| uparokta racanA ( sArAMza ) se spaSTa hai ki . khemakaraNa ke bAda dharmasiMha paTTadhara hue| ye acche dharmasiMha gIta ke anusAra unake pitA kA nAma vidvAna the| inake racita bhaktAmara stotra ke caturtha naiNacanda aura mAtA kA nAma rAjula de thaa| dharma pAda pUti rUpa 'sarasvatI bhaktAmara' svopajJa TIkA siMha ke bAda paTTadhara kauna bane aura inakI paramparA sahita prApta hai| zrI pAgamodaya samiti dvArA yaha kaba taka calatI rahI, anveSaNIya hai|

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rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya meM madhyakAlIna jaina prastara pratimAe~ vRjendranAtha zarmA, ema0 e0 bhAratavarSa meM sabase pUrva jana pratimAeM kaba para aSTamaMgala ( matsya, divyamAna, zrIvatsa, ratna "nirmita huI isa para vidvAnoM meM bar3A matabheda mAMNDa, triratna, kamala, bhadrapITha athavA indrayaSThi hai|' kucha jaina vidvAnoM ne har3appA ( 3000 I0 bhaura pUrNa kalaza) tathA trirala (samyak darzana pU0 ) se prApta eka manuSya ke nagna dhar3a ko jo samyak jJAna, aura samyak cAritra ) ke atirikta aba rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya meM hai tIrthaMkara pratimA prArambha meM pratimA ke sthAna para kevala kucha pratIkoM ghoSita kiyA hai parantu yaha mata ucita pratIta nahIM kA hI prayoga hotA thaa| parantu bAda meM dhyAna mudrA hotA / 2 sambhavataH sabase prAcIna jaina pratimA meM jina pratimA banane lgii| 3 kuSANa kAla ke lohAnIpura (bihAra) se hai jo aba paTanA saMgrahAlaya antima samaya taka tIrthakaroM ke pUrNAga citra prApta meM hai / isa nagna mUrti ko jisake hAtha kAyotsarga hone lagate haiM jinake vakSasthala para hameM "zrIvatsa" bhUdrA kI bhAMti pratIta hote haiM, usake Upara kI gaI cinha milatA hai| guptakAlIna kalA meM hameM na vizeSa pAliza va camaka ke prAdhAra para mauryakAlIna kevala jaina mUrtiyoM ke uccatama udAharaNa hI milate (300 I0 pU0) mAnA gayA hai| kaliMga samrATa haiM varan pratyeka tIrthaMkara kA apanA lAMchana (paza, khAravela ( prathama 10 I0 pU0 ) ke hAthI gumphA pakSI, puSpa athavA zaMkha prAdi ) bhI milatA hai lekha "bAra same ca vase......nandarAja nItaM ca kA jisase tIrthaMkara pratimAnoM meM bheda kiyA jA sakatA (li) gaM jina saMnivesa" meM jina pratimA kA hai| isake atirikta yakSa va yakSaNI prAdi kI kaI spaSTa varNana hai| ur3IsA sthita udayagiri aura anya pratimAeM bhI pramukha pratimA ke sAtha nirmita khaNDagiri kI prAcIna guphAoM meM prArambhika kAla hone lagatI hai / aura madhyakAla ke prAgamana ke sAtha kI aneka jaina matiyAM nirmita haiN| hI upayukta bAtoM ke pratirikta "praSTa prAtihAryo" (divyataru, prAsana, cAmara, bhAmaDala, divya mathurA kalA meM jaina pratimAnoM kA kramika dundubhi, surapuSpavRSTi, divyadhvani tathA chatratraya ) vikAsa dekhane ko milatA hai| yahAM se prApta kA bhI citraNa prApta hotA hai / sAMpradAyika bheda prAyAgapaTToM ( prathama za0 I0 pU0 se prathama za0 I0) ina pratimAnoM meM bhI milegaa| digambara pratimAeM 1. isa sambandha meM merA lekha dekheM, "jaina pratimAoM ke vikAsa meM narahar3a kI matiyAM," marubhAratI, pilAnI, janavarI, 1962, pR0 14 va bhaage| 2. suprasiddha vidvAna umAkAnta premAnanda zAha bhI isa mata se sahamata nahIM hai| unake anusAra yaha sambhavataH prAcIna yakSa kA hI citraNa pratIta hotA hai / dekheM: IsTaiMDIz2a ina jaina mArTa, pR04 3. mathurA se prApta eka aisA hI mAyAgapaTTa (je0 246 ) rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya meM hai, jisake nicakhe bhAga para khude lekha se vidita hotA hai ki siMhanAdika nAmaka eka vyApArI ne mahatoM kI pUjA ke lie ise pratiSThApita kiyA thA / vistRta vivaraNa ke lie dekheM : DA. vAsudeva zaraNa agravAla, mathurA pAyAgapaTTa, jarnala mApha dI yU0pI0 hisTorikala sosAITI, xvi, bhAga!, julAI 1943.