Jain Dharmano Pran

Author(s): Sukhlal Sanghavi, Dalsukh Malvania, Ratilal D Desai
Publisher: Rasiklal Dahyabhai Kora Mumbai
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/002157/1

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( Jain Education). merate dharmano prANa paMDita sukhalAlajI rary.org

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zrI jagamohanadAsa kerA mAraka pustakamALA-4 jainadharmano prANa lekhaka paMDita zrI sukhalAlajI saMpAdaka dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA ratilAla jayacaMda desAI nu m n m , nu n m i gu nu na prAptisthAnaH gUrjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya gAMdhI rasa : amadAvAda

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muMbaImAM prAptisthAna(1) azoka kAMtilAla kerA 48, sevAliyA Teka reDa, muMbaI 26 (2) medharAja jaina pustaka bhaMDAra geDIja bilDiga, pahele mALe 20, pAyadhunI, muMbaI2 pahelI AvRtti H ogasTa 1962 mahAvIra nirvANu saMvata 2488 vikrama saMvata 2018 kiMmataH be rUpiyA prakAzaka: rasilAla DAhyAbhAI kerA 48, gevAliyA TeMka reDa, muMbaI 26 muke: kAMtilAla motIlAla desAI caMdrikA prinTarI mirajApura roDa, amadAvAda

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paramapUjyapAda, prAtaHsmaraNIya muni mahArAja zrI puNyavijayajI mahArAjane sAdara samarpaNa - kAMtilAla keza

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ni ve da na vakhatane vItatAM zI vAra lAge che? jotajotAmAM bhAI jagamohanadAsane gujarI gayA cAra varSa pUrAM thayAM. enA puNyasmaraNa nimite zarU karelI graMthamALAnuM Aje cothuM pustaka pragaTa thaI rahyuM che. varSo varSe mALAne maNake pharate rahe che, ane bhAInA svargavAsa-smaraNanA saMvatsarane AgaLa vadhAratA rahe che ! A nAnI sarakhI zubha pravRttine svajano, sanehIo, mitro, murabbIo ane vidyApremI mahAnubhAvo taraphathI je mamatAbharyo AvakAra maLI rahyo che, tethI amAre utsAha vadhato rahe che. e sau mahAnubhAvo pratye amArI UMDI kRtajJatAnI lAgaNI vyakta karIe chIe. A vakhate A graMthamALAnA cothA pustaka tarIke ame paramapUjya paMDitavarya zrI sukhalAlajInI prajJA-prasAdI rajU karI zakyA chIe e amArA mATe vizeSa AnaMdane viSaya che. paMDitajI jevA bhAratavikhyAta tattvavettAnuM pustaka prakAzita thavAthI amArI A nAnI sarakhI graMthamALA gauravAnvita banI che. A graMthamALAno prAraMbha paNa teozrInA "cAra tIrthakara " pustakathI ja thayA hatA. pUjya paMDitajI te, emaNe vasAvelA vizALa kuTuMbanA vaDIla che, ane e kuTuMbamAM besavAnuM sadbhAgya amane paNa sAMpaDyuM che, eTale emane AbhAra te ame kevI rIte mAnI zakIe ? ame hamezAM emanI AvI mamatAnA adhikArI banI rahIe eTalI ja abhyarthanA karIe chIe. A pustakanuM prakAzana karavAnI anumati ApavA badala ame pU. paMDitajIe sthApela jJAnodaya TrasTa, ane enA TrasTI murabbIone hArdika AbhAra mAnIe chIe. A pustaka enA vAcakane jainadharmanI prANabhUta evI viziSTa mAhitI Apaze, emAM zaMkA nathI. pUjya paMDitajInA vipula sAhityamAMthI lekhenI pasaMdagI karavAnuM kAma bahu muzkela hatuM. paraMtu saujanyamUrti, paMDita zrIyuta dalasukhabhAI

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badale mALa, hayAta hatA AvI mAlavaNiyA tathA amArA mitra zrI ratilAla dIpacaMda desAIe enA saMpAdananuM kAma svIkArIne amArA kAryane saraLa banAvI dIdhuM. zrI. dalasukhabhAIe te pustakanA saMpAdana uparAMta graMthanI upayogitAmAM umero kare evI bhUmikA paNa lakhI ApI che. A bane te amArA nikaTanA mitro ane murabbIo che, eTale emane AbhAra mAnavAnA badale emanI lAgaNanI noMdha laIne ja ame saMtoSa mAnIe chIe. A graMthamALAnuM trIjuM pustaka "padmaparAga" pragaTa thayuM tyAre amArAM pUjya mAtuzrI hayAta hatAM. e pustaka teozrIne arpaNa karavAnI meM emane jANa karI tyAre emanA moM upara svargastha bhAI tema ja amArA taraphanI mamatAnI je rekhAo UpasI AvI hatI e Aje paNa yAda che. A cothuM pustaka pragaTa thAya che tyAre teone svargavAsI thaye (svargavAsa tA. 28-10-1961) dasa mahinA pUrA thavAmAM che. teonI beThaka amArA gharanA praveza dvArA pAsenA oraDAmAM hatI. gharamAM pesatAM pahelAM emanAM ja darzana thAya; ane bahAra jatI vakhate bA, bahAra jAuM chuM" ema kahIne bAnA " hA bhAI, vahele Avaje" e mamatAbharyA zabdo sAMbhaLIne ja bahAra jAuM. jIvanane e nityakrama thaI gayo hato. paNa Aje e sthAna sUnuM paDyuM che ane e zabdo sadAne mATe lupta thaI gayA che ! paNa saMsAra te saMga ane viyoganI phUlagUMthaNa che ! emAM aksesa zuM karo ? e parama upakArIne amArA saunA aMtaranAM praNAma ho! A pustakanuM sughaDa chApakAma samayasara karI ApavA badala caMdrikA prinTarInA saMcAlakone, bhAgyA samaye manohara kavara DijhAIna derI ApavA mATe jANItA kalAkAra zrI sI. narenabhAIne ane A kAryamAM sahakAra ApanAra anya sau koIne ame AbhAra mAnIe chIe. 48, gavAliyaTaka sara subaI-} kAMtilAla DAhyAbhAI kerA " tA. 20-8-1962

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saMpAdakIya amArA sahRdaya mitra bhAIzrI kAMtibhAI kArAe eka nAnI sarakhI zubha pravRtti zarU karI cheH peAtAnA svargavAsI nAnA bhAI zrI jagamohanadAsanI smRtimAM emaNe eka graMthamALA zarU karI che, ane emAM dara varSe te eka pustaka prakAzita kare che. emanA A zubha kAyamAM, A pustakanA sapAdana dvArA, ame amArA yatki Mcita sahakAra ApI zakayA chIe e amArA mATe AnaMdanA viSaya che. > pUjya paMDita zrI sukhalAlajIe dharma ane tattvajJAna tema ja khIjA paNa aneka viSayeA aMge, emanI viziSTa, vyApaka ane talasparzI, masparzI ane saspI dRSTie nAnA-moTA sakhyAbaMdha lekhA gujarAtI tema ja hiMdI bhASAmAM lakhyA che. e lekheAmAMnA moTAbhAganA lekhA gujarAtI darzana ane ciMtana'nA e bhAgAmAM tema ja hindI '- zana kaura cintana ' nAme graMthamAM saMgRhIta thaI gayA che. A pustakamAMnA zrahma ane sama' nAmaneA seALamA lekha bAda karatAM AkInA badhA lekhA uparyukta e . pustakAmAMthI ja pasaMda karavAmAM AvyA che. ane kayuM lakhANa kayA pustakamAMthI levAmAM AvyuM che, te sUcavavA mATe gujarAtI pustakanI ' aciM.' ane hindI graMthanI * dRauci.'nI saMjJA mUkI che. ' daauci'0 'nI sattAvALA mULa lekhA hindImAM hAI enu gujarAtI bhASAMtara karavAmAM AvyuM che. ' tattvajJAna jevA atigahana viSayane paNa vadhumAM vadhu spaSTatA ane saraLatApUrvaka lAkabhASAmAM rajU karavA, e paDitajInI vidvattA ane lekhanazailInI asAdhAraNa vizeSatA che. A pustakamAMnA lekhA te te pustakanAM saLaMga pRSThamAMthI eka ja sthaLethI uSkRta karavAmAM nathI AvyA; paraMtu te te viSaya aMge hindI ke gujarAtI pustakamAM je kAMI lakhAyelu che tenu, sAmAnya vAcakanI jijJAsA, ruci ane buddhine dhyAnamAM rAkhIne, navesarathI saMkalana karIne adhA lekhA taiyAra karavAmAM AvyA che.

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A rIte A pustakanuM saMkalana karavAnI pAchaLa mukhyatve amArI be dRSTi cheH eka te jaina tatvajJAna ke dharma aMgenI keTalIka viziSTa mAhitI jijJAsuo samakSa rajU karavI che. A mAhitI vAMcatAM jaina dharma ane darzananI itara bhAratIya darzana karatAM zI vizeSatA che, tema ja enI sAthe enuM kyAM maLatApaNuM che, ene paNa keTaleka khyAla jijJAsuone sahaja rIte AvI zakaze. ane bIjI daSTi, pUjya paMDitajInI satyazodhaka, tulanAtmaka, taTastha, samanvayagAmI ane maulika vidvattAne thoDoka paNa paricaya jijJAsuone karAvavo e che. samatva ane satyane kendramAM rAkhIne samasta bhAratIya darzane ane dharmone abhyAsa karanAra vidvAna tarIke pUjya paMDitajInuM sthAna ajoDa che, e kahevAnI jarUra nathI. - ahIM amAre eTaluM jaNAvavuM joIe ke jena dharmadarzananA prAthamika jijJAsuonI daSTie A pustaka taiyAra karavAmAM AvyuM nathI; paNa prAraMbhika jJAna dharAvatA jijJAsuo je eka abhyAsInI jema ciMtana-mananapUrvaka A pustakanuM vAcana karaze te temane aneka bAbatamAM no prakAza sAMpaDavAnI sAthe pUjya paMDitajInuM vadhAre sAhitya vAMcavAnI preraNA maLyA vagara nahIM rahe. A pustakanA eka pUraka tema ja purogAmI pustaka tarIke A graMthamALAnuM prathama pustaka-paMDitajInuM "cAra tIrthakara -vAMcavAnI ame sau jijJAsuone bhalAmaNa karIe chIe. A pustakamAM ApavAmAM Avela viSayo uparAMta jainadharma-darzanane lagatAM bIjA paNa aneka viSayo jANavA jevA che, paNa pustakanI pRSThasaMkhyAnI maryAdAmAM rahIne je kaMI yegya sAmagrI ApI zakAya te pasaMda karIne ApavAne ame prayatna karyo che. AzA che, jijJAsuo tema ja abhyAsIone e upagI thaI paDaze. paba, AnaMdabAga, amadAvAda-6 svAtaMtryadina : 1962 zrAvaNI pUrNimAH 2018 dalasukha mAlavaNiyA ratilAla dIpacaMda desAI

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bhUmi kA jainadharmanA prANa " pustakanuM A nAma nAmanA mudrita eka lekhane AdhAre ApavAmAM AvyuM sAOka che. pUjya paMDita zrI sukhalAlajInA lekhananI e ke teo kAI paNa viSayanu uparacoTiyuM nirUpaNa karavAmAM rAcatA nathI, paNa pratipAdya viSayanA hArdane pakaDIne ja tenuM nirUpaNa kare che. AthI A pustakamAMnuM saMskRti, dharma, darzana, jainadhama, jainadarzana, jaina AcAra jevA viSayAnuM pratipAdana te te viSayanA hArdane ja vizeSataH sparze che. dharmAM AdinA bAhya rUpane te sAmAnyapaNe sau jANatA hAya che, kAraNa ke te narI AMkhe dekhAya tevuM rUpa hAya che, paNa e badhA pAchaLanuM tattva zuM che tenI jANa ochA leAkAne hAya che, A pustakamAM jainadharmanA tattvanI, paramAMnI ke tenA hArdanI ja vizeSataH oLakha ApavAmAM AvI che. AthI A pustakamAM jainadha viSe tenA anuyAyIone paNa dhaNuM navuM jANavA maLaze ane temAM te ja che. ane te vizeSatA che

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temanA ghaNA bhrama bhAMgI jaze. jenetarone mATe te A pustaka jenadharmanA paricaya mATe dIvA jevuM che emAM zaka nathI. paMDitajInA lekhananI bIjI vizeSatA e che ke teo ItihAsa ane tulanAne mahatvanuM sthAna Ape che. dhArmika leke pitAnA dharma viSe UMDI samajaNa vinA ja ema kahetA hoya che ke amAro ja dharma sauthI prAcIna che ane zreSTha che. paNa paMDitajI ItihAsa ane tulanA dvArA dhAmikenI e samajane AMcake ApIne nirmala banAvavA prayatna kare che. AthI dharma vizenI niSThAmAM UNapa AvavAne badale te jAgarUka banI jAya che ane kharA tatvane pAmIne tenI niSThA vadhAre dRDha ja bane che. paMDitajInI nirUpaNapaddhatithI vAcakamAM vivekabuddhi jAgRta thAya che ane rUDha mAnyatAonuM parIkSaNa karIne heyopAdeyane viveka svayaM karavA e samartha bane che. Ama vAcakanI zraddhAne teo hacamacAvIne ekavAra tenAM mULiyAM halAvI nAkhe che, paNa tema karavAno emane uddeza vAcakane zraddhAhIna banAvavAno nahIM paNa tenI zraddhAnA mULane daDha karavAne heya che. vAcaka kharA arthamAM zraddhALu bane che ane tene kadAgraha dUra thaI jAya che. paMDitajInA lekhananI A be vizeSatAonA mULamAM temanuM vizALa vAcana te che ja, paNa uparAMta svataMtra ciMtana-manana karIne temaNe je eka viziSTa vRtti keLavI che te paNa che. te vRtti eTale dharmo ane darzanamAM bhale bheda dekhAte hoya, paNa e bheda chatAM temAM rahela abhedane zodhIne e badhAno samanvaya karavAnI vRtti. A samanvaya bhAvanAne kAraNe teo dharme bhale jaina rahyA ane emaNe jainadharmanA abhyAsI tarIke bhale prasiddhi meLavI, paNa temanA lakhANamAM sarvatra samabhAva najare caDe che. dharma jevA ALA viSayamAM samabhAva sAcavI lakhavuM e atyaMta kaThaNa che; chatAM temaNe kareluM jainadharmanA hArdanuM nirUpaNa eka taTastha vidvAnane chAje tevuM A pustakamAM maLe che. AmAM

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11 jema jainadharmanA bhakate karelI atiraMjanA nathI tema tenA virodhIo karela doSadarzana paNa nathI; paNa vivecake karela jaina dharmanA prANanuM nirUpaNa che. A pustaka temanA vizALa, lagabhaga aDhI hajAra pAnAMnAM hindIgujarAtI lakhANamAMthI cUMTaNuM karIne taiyAra karavAmAM AvyuM hoI vAcakanI badhI apekSAne e pUrI na paNa kare, paNa jainadharmanA hArdane te tenA kharA svarUpamAM pragaTa kare ja che. jainadharmanuM pravartana kaI eka puruSane nAme, zaiva, vaiSNava AdinI jema, nathI caDyuM paNa e jino-rAgadeSanA vijetAoe Acarela ane upadezela dharmanuM nAma che. AthI jainadharma koI eka vyakitathI pravartita thayo che ke kaI eka vyaktine ja temAM deva tarIke sthAna che ema nathI, paNa je koI rAga-dveSano vijetA hoya te jina che ane temane dharma te jainadharma. AvA jainadharmanA anuyAyIo jaina kahevAya che. teoe kALakrame jemanAmAM rAga-dveSane vijaya je temane pitAnA ISTadeva tarIke svIkAryA ane evA viziSTa devone "tIrthakara" evuM nAma ApyuM. AvA tIrthakaronI saMkhyA temane mate ghaNI moTI che. paNa A kALamAM-A yugamAM-vizeSataH RSabhadevathI mAMDIne vardhamAna sudhInA 24 tIrthakare prasiddha che. bIjA dharmonI jema teo IzvaranA avatAra nathI ke anAdisiddha Izvara paNa nathI. paraMtu sAmAnya manuSyarUpe janmela chatAM pUrva saMskArane kAraNe ane te janmamAM vizeSa prakAranI sAdhanA karIne tIrthakara padane pAmyA che. eTale ke tIrthakara e ApaNu manuSyamAMnA ja eka che. ane temano saMdeza che ke je koI temanI jema prayatna kare te tIrthaMkara padane pAmI zake che. manuSyajAtimAM A prakAranA AtmavizvAsanI preraNuM ApanAra e tIrthakara che. anya dharmamAM manuSyathI judI jAtinA devo pUjyatA prApta kare che, paNa jainadharmamAM manuSya evI zaktine meLave che jethI devo paNa

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temane pUje che- dhammo maMgalamukkiTTha ahiMsA saMjamo tvo| devA vi taM namasaMti jassa dhamme sayA maNo / manuSya jAtinuM pada utkRSTa che e matalabanuM mahAbhAratamAM kahyuM che--dhana mAnavAnuM zreSThataraM krizcita -(zAMtiparva ra99-20) manuSyathI kaI zreSTha nathI. manuSyanI AvI pratiSThA karavAmAM jaina tIrthakono phALe jevo tevo nathI. jyAM sudhI tIrthakarone prabhAva na hatA tyAM sudhI IndrAdi devonI pUjA-pratiSThA Aryo karatA hatA ane aneka hiMsaka yajJanuM anuSThAna karI temane rIjhavI badalAmAM saMpatti mAgatA hatA. tIrthakaree manuSyanI e dInatAne nivArIne manuSyanuM bhAgya manuSyanA ja hAthamAM sepyuM ane dhArmika mAnyatAmAM navajAgaraNa AvyuM; manuSya potAnA sAmarthyane oLakhate thayo ane eNe indrAdri devanI upAsanA choDI dIdhI. pariNAme vaidika AryomAM paNa rAma ane kRSNa jevA manuSyo pUjAvA lAgyA-pachI bhale kALakrame temane avatArI puruSo banAvI dIdhA. paNa mULa vAta eTalI sAcI che ke deva karatAM paNa manuSya mahAna che, e saMdeza te tIrthakaroe ja Aryone Ape che. tIrthakaroe pravartAvela dharmanuM svarUpa zuM che? tenuM hRdaya zuM che? -e eka zabdamAM kahevuM hoya te "ahiMsA" che. AcAramAM ahiMsAnAM be rU5 che : saMyama ane ta5. saMyamamAM saMvara-saMkoca Ave che- zarIrane, manane ane vANune. AthI te navAM baMdhanamAM paDatuM nathI ane tapathI te jUnAM upArjita baMdhanone kApI nAkhe che. Ama eka mAtra ahiMsAnA pAlanathI manuSya mukti meLavI zake che. jIvanamAM ahiMsAnuM pUrepUruM pAlana karavuM hoya te vicAramAM anekAMtane apanAvyA vinA cAle ja nahi. AthI ahiMsAmAMthI ja

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jainadharmane dArzanika siddhAMta anekAMta phalita thayo che. vicAranAM dvArA khullAM rAkhe, tamane badhAnA vicAromAMthI satya jaDI Avaze- A che anekAMtane artha. satyanA AgrahI mATe sarvaprathama pitAne e kadAgraha ke "mAruM te ja sAcuM ane bIjuM jUThuM'--e choDavo ja paDe e na choDe tyAM sudhI te bIjAne anyAya ja karaze ane te ja te hiMsA che. AthI ahiMsakane mATe anekAMtavAdI thavuM anivArya che. AthI jainadharmamAM je darzanane vikAsa thayo te ekAMtavAdI nahi paNa anekAMtavAdI darzanane thayo che. ahiMsAne jIvanavyavahAra mATe je AcAra te ja jainadharma; ane ahiMsAthI phalita thatuM darzana te jaina darzana. AthI jainadharmane anusaranAra zramaNanA jIvanavyavahAramAM sthULa jIvanI rakSAthI AgaLa vadhIne je sUkSma jIvo che, je narI AMkhe dekhAtA paNa nathI, temanI rakSAnI paNa bhAvanA che. ane e bhAvanAne AdhAre ja AcAranA vidhi-niSedhAnI hAramALA ghaDAI che. ene saMpUrNataH anusaravAno prayatna zamaNe ane aMzataH anusaravAno prayatna zrAvake kare che. AcAranI pAchaLa darzana na hoya to AcAranI sAdhanAmAM niSThA AvatI nathI. AthI dareka dharmo jIvanA baMdha ane mekSa tathA jIvana jagata sAtheno saMbaMdha tathA jagatanA svarUpa viSe anivArya rIte vicAra karavo paDe che. e anivAryatAmAMthI samagra jaina darzana UbhuM thayuM che. prathama kahevAyuM tema jainadarzananA vicAranI e vizeSatA che ke te satyanI zodha mATe tatpara che ane AthI ja sakala darzananA samUharUpa jaina darzana che-evo ulleSa AcArya jinabhadra jevA AcAryo karI gayA che. jaina darzananAM mULa to be ja cheH jIva ane ajIva. e bene vistAra pAMca astikAyarUpe, cha dravyarUpe athavA sAta tatva ke nava tatvarUpe varNavavAmAM Ave che. cArvA ke kevaLa avane pAMca bhUtarUpe

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14 mAnanArA hatA; ane upaniSadanA RSio kevaLa jIvane eTale ke AtmA ---puruSa--brahmane mAnanArA hatA. e banne tene samanvaya jIva ane ajIva mAnIne jaina darzanamAM thayA che. saMsAra ane siddhi-nirvANu ke baMdhana ane mukti e tA ja dhaTe jo jIva ane itara hoya. AthI jIva ane ajIva bannenA astitvanI tArkika saMgati jainAe siddha karI; ane puruSa ane prakRtinuM astitva mAnI prAcIna sAMkhyAe paNa e saMgati sAdhI. vaLI AtmAne ke puruSane kevaLa phUTastha mAnavAthI paNa budha-meAkSa jevI virAdhI avasthAo jIvamAM ghaTI zake nahi, AthI badhAM darzAnAthI judA paDIne, bauddhasamatA cittanI jema, AtmAne paNa eka apekSAe jaine e anitya mAnyA. ane badhAnI jema nitya mAnavAmAM paNa jaitene vAMdhA to che ja nahi. kAraNa ke baMdha ane mekSa ane punarjIvananuM cakra eka ja AtmAmAM che. Ama AtmA jaina mate pariNAmI nitya mAnavAmAM AvyA. sAMkhyAe prakRti-jaDa tattvane tA pariNAmI nitya mAnyuM hatuM, paNa puruSane kUTastha. paraMtu jainAe jaDa ane jIva bannene pariNAmI nitya mAnyAM. AmAM paNa temanI anekAMtaSTi spaSTa thAya che. jIvanA caitanyanA anubhava mAtra dehamAM thatA hAI jaina mate jIva-AtmA dehaparimANu che. navA navA janmeA jIvane dhAraNa karavA paDe che tethI tene gamanAgamana anivArya che. AthI jIvane gamanamAM sahAyaka dravya dharmAstikAyane nAme ane sthitimAM sahAyaka dravya adharmIstikAyane nAme-ema e ajIva drabyA mAnavAM anivAya thaI paDayAM. te ja rIte jIvane jo saMsAra hoya te badhana hovuM joI e. e badhana pudgala eTale ke jaDa dravyanu che. AthI pudgalAstikAya rUpe eka anya paNa ajIva dravya manAyuM. A badhAMne avakAza Ape evuM je dravya te AkAza; e paNa jarUpa ajIva dravya mAnavuM jarUrI hatuM. A pramANe jainadarzanamAM jIva, dharma, adhama, AkAza ane pudgala e

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15 pAMca astikAyA mAnavAmAM AvyA che. paNa jIvAdi dravyAnI vividha avasthAonI kalpanA kAla vinA thaI zake nahi, AthI eka svataMtra kAladravya paNa anivAyaM hatuM. A rIte pAMca astikAyane sthAne cha dravyo paNa thayAM. jyAre kAlane svataMtra vya mAnavAmAM nathI AvatuM tyAre tene jIva ane ajIva dravyAnA paryAyarUpe ja mAnIne kAma calAvavAmAM Ave che. have sAta tattva ane nava tattva vize the uN spaSTIkaraNa karI laI e. jaina darzanamAM tattvavicAra e rIte karavAmAM Ave che. eka prakAra vize ApaNe upara joyuM. bIjo prakAra meAkSamAga mAM upayogI thAya e rIte taaAnI gaNatarI karavAnA che. AmAM jIva, ajIva, Asava, savara, adha, nirjarA ane meAkSa-e sAta tattvAne gaNavAne eka prakAra ane temAM puNya ane pApa umerIne kula nava tattvAne gaNavAne bIjo prakAra che. vastutaH jIva ane ajIvanA vistArarUpe ja sAta ane nava tattvA gaNAvyAM che, kAraNa ke mokSamAga nA vanamAM evuM pRthakkaraNa upayogI thaI paDe che. jIva ane ajIva viSenu spaSTIkaraNa te upara karyuM ja che. aMzataH ajIva-kasa skAra- aMdhana--nuM jIvathI pRthaka thavuM e nirjarA che ane sarvIze pRthaka thavuM e mekSa che. ka je kAraNeAe jIva sAthe baMdhamAM Ave che te kAraNeA Asrava che ane ene nirAdha te saMvara che. jIva ane ajIva -kanu eka jevA thaI javu te badha che. sAra e che ke jIvamAM rAga-dveSa, pramAda Adi jyAM sudhI che. tyAM sudhI khaMdhanAM kAraNeA meAda hAI saMsAravRdghi thayA kare che. e kAraNone nirAdha karavAmAM Ave te saMsAra maTI jIva siddhi ke nirvANa avasthAne pAme che. nirAdhanI prakriyA savara che, eTale ke jIvanI mukta thavAnI sAdhanA-virati Adi, e saMvara che; ane kevaLa virati AdithI saMtuSTa na thatAM jIva thI chUTavA tapasyAdi AkarAM

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anuSThAne paNa kare che tethI nirjarA-AMzika chuTakAre thAya che ane aMte e mekSa pAme che. - pUjya paMDitajInI lekhanazailInI ane jainadharma tathA darzananI ATalI saMkSipta mAhitI vAcakane upayogI thAya e daSTie ApavAmAM AvI che. A sivAya A bhUmikA lakhavAne bIje kaze Azaya nathI. A eTalA mATe paNa jarUrI hatuM ke paMDitajIe je je vivecanA karI che te jainadharma ane darzananAM maulika tanuM sAmAnya jJAna vAcakane che ja ema mAnIne ja karI che. agA pa-ba, AnaMdabAga, amadAvAda-6 15mI ogasTa : 1962

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: smRtizeSa baMdhu jagamohanadAsa kula Aje khIle che, ane kAle potAnI mAyA saMkelI le che; ane chatAM saunA aMtaramAM e vasI jAya che! dhanya jIvanane kALanI lAMbI-TUMkI avadhanA ochAyA-paDachAyA naDatA nathI. e te je jIvana jIvI jANe e kRtArtha banI jAya - pachI e jhAjhuM che ke ochuM ! tethI ja to "eka divasanuM kamaLa e kahevata banI gaI che! bhAI jagahana paNa kamaLanI jema jIvyA ane pitAnI kItinI suvAsa mUkIne akALe cAlatA thayA ! ame cAra bhAI ane cAra bahene. cAre bhAIomAM bhAIzrI jagamehanadAsa sauthI nAnA; paNa abhyAsamAM, tejasvitAmAM, utsAhamAM, kartavyaparAyaNatAmAM ane kapriyatAmAM amArA sauthI caDiyAtA ! amAruM mULa vatana kheDA, paNa varSothI amAruM kuTuMba bahAragAma rahe che. amArA pUjya pitAzrI enjiniyara hatA; ane emanuM kArya kSetra mukhyatve saurASTramAM goMDaLa ane jAmanagara hatuM. ane amArA pUjya kAkA zrI choTubhAI kArA te eka niSThAvAna rASTrasevaka hatA. emanuM kAryakSetra mukhyatve muMbaI eTale muMbaImAM te emanA nAmanI khUba suvAsa phelAyelI che. emanA maraNa nimitte muMbaImAM borIvalImAM cAlatuM "kAra kendra" bahu jANItuM che. - pitAzrI ane kAkAzrInA ucca abhyAsa ane saMskAranA vArasAnA baLe ame badhAMya bhAIbahene kolejanI keLavaNI sudhI pahoMcI zakyAM

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chIe. paNa amArA pitAzrI te amArI nAnI vaye ja svargavAsI thayA hatA eTale amane sAcavavAnI ane saMskArI banAvavAnI badhI javAbadArI amArAM pUjya mAtuzrIe ane amArA pUjya kAkAzrIe svIkArI lIdhI hatI. ame badhAMya bhAIbhAMDa A banne pUjyanA jIvanabhara RNuM chIe. bhAI jagamohanadAsano janma saurASTramAM jAmanagaramAM tA. 24-12-1921 nA roja thayo hate. emaNe meTrika sudhIno abhyAsa kheDAmAM karyo hato. tyAra pachI teoe vilsana kolejamAM abhyAsa karIne muMbaI yunivarsiTInI bI. e. nI ane te pachI skUla oNpha ikonomisamAM joDAIne ema. e.nI DigrI meLavI hatI. ane, pitAnI ujajavaLa ane vizeSa javAbadArIbharI bhAvI kArakirdI mATe jANe ATalo abhyAsa ocho hoya ema, podAra kaoNleja oNpha kaoNmarsamAM joDAIne emaNe bI. koma.nI parIkSA paNa pasAra karI hatI. A rIte ucca abhyAsa dvArA eka nipuNa arthazAstrI ane kAbela saMcAlaka tarIkenI yogyatA prApta karyA bAda bhAI jagamohanadAse zarUAtamAM muMbaInI be vyApArI peDhIomAM saphaLatApUrvaka kAma karI batAvyuM. AthI eka bAju pitAnI saMcAlanazaktimAM emane pUrNa AtmavizvAsa AvI gayA ane bIjI bAju jemane jemane emanI sAthe kAma paDyuM, ke emane thaDe paNa paricaya karavAno avasara maLe emane emanI viziSTa saMcAlanazaktinI tema ja emanI eyaniSThA ane koI paNa kAmane pahoMcI vaLavAnI kAbeliyatanI pratIti thaI emanI zakti, niSThA ane kAbeliyata emane vadhAre mAna ane javAbadArIbharyA sthAna tarapha kheMcI gaI. 32 varSa jeTalI yuvAna uMmare teo rAjasthAnamAMnI esosIeTeDa sTona (koTa). inDasTrIjha li. kaMpanInA menejara ane sekreTarI tarIkenA bevaDI javAbadArIvALA pade nimAyA. A kaMpanI khANamAMthI paththara kaDhAvavAno udyoga meTA pAyA para calAve che.

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A navA ane bevaDI javAbadArIvALA sthAne te jANe bhAI jagahanadAsanI zakti ane sahRdayatA bevaDI rIte jhaLakI UThI. eka bAju emaNe pitAnI kAryadakSatA ane kuzAgra buddhi tema ja aTapaTA praznomAM paNa jhaDapI nirNaya levAnI viziSTa zaktine lIdhe kaMpanInA DAyarekTaronAM mana jItI lIdhAM; te bIjI bAju milanasAra svabhAva, hadayanI mIThAza ane saraLatA, vyavahArakuzaLatA ane mAnavatAnA saguNothI pitAnI kaMpanImAM kAma karatA majUronAM dila vaza karI lIdhAM. kAI kAbela saMcAlaka mATe paNa, atyAranA samayamAM, mAlika ane majUra bannene rAjI karIne bannenAM dila jItI levAnuM kAma bhAre muzkela che. bhAI jagamehanadAse pitAnA viziSTa vyaktitvathI e muzkela kAmane AsAna karI batAvyuM hatuM. e emanI cirasmaraNIya vizeSatA che. ane ATaluM ja zA mATe? je pradezane emaNe pitAnuM kAryakSetra banAvyuM hatuM e rAmagaMjamaMDInI sAmAnya janatAmAM paNa teo pANImAM sAkaranI jema bhaLI gayA hatA, ane avasara maLatAM enI pitAthI banatI sevA karavAnuM kadI cUkatA na hatA. Ane lIdhe teo e pradezanI sAmAnya janatAmAM paNa eTalA ja lokapriya ane AdarapAtra banI zakyA hatA. paNa eka divasa evuM durbhAgya laIne Uge ke emanI AvI badhI pravRttio thaMbhI gaI vi. saM. 2014nA caitra vadI 13, budhavAra, tA. 14-4-1958nA roja teo kaMpanIne kAme moTaramAM bhopAla tarapha jatA hatA, tyAre vacamAM emanI meTarane akasmAta thayo, ane teo svajano, snehIo, mitro ane prazaMsakone vilApa karatAM mUkIne sadAne mATe vidAya thaI gayA ! AvA aneka zaktione puMja samA, kevaLa kuTuMbanI ja nahIM paNuM je je kAryakSetramAM emaNe praveza karyo e kAryakSetranI paNa AzA

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20 samA, aneka umaMgathI bharelA bhAInA 36 varSanI bharayuvAnavaye akALa svargavAsa e amArA kuTuMbane mATe vajrapAta ke honArata jevI kAramI ghaTanA hatI! paNa A mATe vidhAtAneA ze vAMka kADhIe ? amArAM bhAgya ja evAM nabaLAM ke jenA ahI khapa hatA ene bIjI duniyAne paNa khapa paDatho ! bhAI jagamAhanadAsanI khoTa amArA kuTuMbane mATe te| kadI na pUrI zakAya evI meTI che; paNa emaNe sahRdayatA ane mAnavatAnI bhAvanAthI prerAI ne sAmAnya janatAnI je kAMI theADI-dhaNI sevA bajAvI hatI, ene lIdhe emanI kheATa eka sAmAjika kheATa paNa banI gaI che ! emane aMjali ApavAne rAmagaMjamaMDInA nAgarikAe zAkasabhA bharI hatI, ane potAnA AvA eka hitaciMtakane kevaLa zabdothI aMjali ApIne saMtoSa nahIM mAnatAM emanA smaraNa nimitte sArI evI rakama bhegI karIne, zrI kArA mAlamadiranI sthApanA karI hatI. AmAM vadhAre noMdhapAtra bInA ! e cheke A kAryanI zubha zarUAta kaMpanInA majUrAe potAnI AvakanA dasa TakA e phALAmAM ApIne karI hatI. prabhune pyArAM evAM nAnAM bALakAnI keLavaNInI A saMsthA bhAI zrI jagameADanadAse prApta karela sadbhAva ane leAkacAhanAnu smAraka banI raheze. A duHkhada ghaTanA amArA mATe preraka banI; ane baMdhusmaraNathI kevaLa haMmezAM du:khI thavAne badale emanA smaraNa nimitte zrI jagameAhanadAsa kArA smAraka pustakamALAne A nAnA sarakhA smRtidIpa pragaTAvavAnI amane bhAvanA thaI, svavAsI ane A smRtidIpa amane vadhu ne vadhu satkArya nA preraka ane e ja prArthanA ! kAMtilAla kArA

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NEBER a nu * ma Tui Hui 1. pUrva bhUmikA 3-17 [1] dharma, tattvajJAna ane saMskRti-3; [2] tattvajJAna ane dhanA sabaMdha-4; [3] dharmanuM bIja-5; [4] dharmAMnuM dhyeya-7; [5] dha : vizvanI saMpatti-7; [6] dharmanAM be svarUpa : bAhya ane AbhyaMtara-8; [7] dharmAMdRSTi ane tenuM UrdhvIkaraNa-10; [8] e dha saMsthAo : gRhasthAzrama kendrita ane sanyAsakendrita-15; [9] dharma ane buddhi-16; [10] dharma ane vicAra-17; [11] dhama ane saMskRti vacce bheda-17; [12] dharma ane nIti vacce phera-18; [17, dha ane patha-19; [14] dana ane saMpradAya-22; [15] samyagdaSTi ane mithyAdaSTi-ra6. 2. jainadhama nA prANa 28-49 vaiSamya ane sAmya brAhmaNa ane zramaNa para parA dRSTi-28; ekabIjA upara prabhAva ane samanvaya-32; zramaNa para...parAnA pravata kA-33; vItarAgapaNAnA Agraha-34; zramaNudharmanI sAmyadRSTi-35; sAcI vIratAnA sabaMdhamAM jainadharma, gItA ane gAMdhIjI-36; sAmyadRSTi ane anekAMtavAda

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37; ahiMsA-38; AtmavidyA ane utkrAMtivAda-39; karmavidyA ane baMdhakSa-41; cAritravidyA-44; lekavidyA-46; jaina mata ane Izvara-48; mRtavidyA-48. 3. nigraMtha saMpradAyanI prAcInatA . 50-60 mukhya zramaNa saMpradAyo ane tenI oLakha-pI; nigraMtha saMpradAya e jaina saMpradAya : keTalAka purAvA-51; buddha ane mahAvIra-53; nigraMtha paraMparAne buddha upara prabhAva-papa cAra yAma ane bauddha saMpradAya-60. 4. jaina saMskRtinuM hRdaya ... ... 61-81 saMskRtinuM jharaNuM-61; jaina saMskRtinAM be rUpa-61; jaina saMskRtinuM bAhya svarUpa-62; jaina saMskRtinuM hRdaya H nivartaka dhama-63; dharmonuM vargIkaraNa-63; anAtmavAda-64; pravartaka dhama-65; nivartaka dharma-66; samAjagAmI pravartaka dharma-67; vyaktigata nivataka dharma-68; nivartaka dharmane prabhAva ane vikAsa-68; samanvaya ane saMgharSa 69; nivartaka dharmanAM maMtavya ane AcAra-71; nigraMtha saMpradAya-ura; anya saMpradAyono jaina saMskRti para prabhAva-kara; jaina saMskRtine bIjAo upara prabhAva-74; jaina paraMparAnA Adarza--76; saMskRtino uddeza-78; nivRtti ane pravRtti-79; nivRttilakSI pravRtti-20; saMskRtino saMketa-81. 5. jaina tattvajJAna .. . 82-98 - tattvajJAnanI utpattinuM mULa-83; tAtvika prazno-83; uttaranuM saMkSipta vargIkaraNa-85 jaina vicArapravAhanuM svarUpa

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23 -86; pUrvIya ane pazcimIya tattvajJAnanI prakRtinuM tAlana-88; jIvanazodhananA maulika praznonI ekatA 90; jIvanazAdhananI jaina prakriyA-91; kaIka vizeSa sarakhAmaNI-92. 6. AdhyAtmika vikAsakrama... 99-109 AtmAnI traNa avasthA-99; cauda guNasthAna ane tenI samajUtI-101; zrI haribhadrasUrie bIjI rIte varNavela vikAsakramA-A dRSTinA pahelA prakAra-105; ceAganA pAMca bhAgarUpa bIjo prakAra-107. 7. ahiMsA 110-133 AgamAmAM ahiMsAnuM nirUpaNa-111; vaidika hiMsAne virAdha-113: jaina ane bauddho vaccenA virAdhanuM kAraNu-113; ahiMsAnI kATInI hiMsA-114; jaina UhApohanI kramika bhUmi-kAo-116; jaitA ane mImAMsA vagere vacce sAmya--116; ahiMsAnI bhAvanAnA vikAsa-neminAthanI karuNA-118 pArzvanAthane hiMsAvirAdha-119; bhagavAna mahAvIre karelI. ahiMsAnI pratiSThA-119; ahiMsAnA anya pracArakA--119; ahiMsA ane amAri-azoka, saprati ane khAravela -122; kumArapALa ane akabara ( hemacaMdrAcAya ane hIravijayasUri )-123; ahiMsAnA pracArane eka purAvA : pAMjarApALA-124; mANasa jAtanI sevA mATenI pravRtti-125; amArinuM niSedhAtmaka ane bhAvAtmaka rUpa : ahiMsA ane dhyA126; sa thAro ane ahiMsA-128;dehane nAza e AtmaghAta kacAre ?-TIkAkArAne javAba-130; hiMsA nahIM paNa AdhyAtmika vIratA-131; auddha dharmamAM Atmavadha-132;keTalAMka sUkto-133..

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24 8. tapa ane pariSa 134-145 tapasyApradhAna nibhraMtha para parA-134; mahAvIra pahelAM paNa tapasyAnI pradhAnatA-135; buddhe karela khAnanA khulAsA-137; bhagavAna mahAvIre ANelI vizeSatA-140; tapatA vikAsa-143; pariSahu-143; jaina tapamAM kriyAyeAga ane jJAnayogano sumeLa -144. 9. jaina dRSTie brahmacarya vicAra 146-160 jaina dRSTinuM spaSTIkaraNa-146; keTalAka muddAo-148; 1. vyAkhyA-149; 2. adhikArI ane viziSTa strIpuruSA-150; 2. brahmacaryanA judApaNA RtihAsa-152; 4. brahmacaryanu dhyeya ane tenA upAyA-153; 5. brahmacaryanA svarUpanI vividhatA ane tenI vyApti-156; 6. brahmacaryanA aticArA-158; 7. brahmacaryanI nirapavAdatA-159. *** 10. Avazyaka kriyA 161-171 Avazyaka kriyAnI prAcIna vidhi kathAM sacavAI rahI che ?--162; Avazyaka kriyA eTale zuM ?-163; 7 AvazyakanuM svarUpa--(1) sAmAyika-164; (2) caturvi"zatistava-164; (3) vaMdana-165; (4) pratikramaNa-166; (5) kAyAtsa`-168; (6) pratyAkhyAna- 168; kramanI svAbhAvikatA ane upapatti-169; Avazyaka kriyAnI AdhyAtmikatA-170; pratikramaNa zabdanA rUDha a-171. 11, jIva ane paMca parameSThI 174-181 parameSThInA a-172; jIva saMbaMdhI keTalIka vicA rAjIvanuM sAmAnya lakSaNa-173; jIvanA svarUpanu ativanIyapaNuM-174; jIva svayaMsiddha che ke bhautika mizrAnuM pari

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25 NAma ?-175; paca parameSThI--paMca parameSThInA prakAra-176: arihaMta ane sihanI vaccene phera-177; AcAryAM vagere vacce phera-177; arihaMtanuM alaukikapaNuM-178; vyavahAra ane nizcayadRSTie pAMcenu svarUpa-179; namaskAranA hetu ane enA prakAra-180; deva, guru, dhama' tattvA-182. 12. ka tattva 184204 kavAdanI dI daSTi-183; zAstronA anAdipaNAnI mAnyatA-184; karmatattvanI jarUra zA mATe ?-185; dhama, artha, kAmane mAnanAra pravakadhavAdI pakSa-185; mAlapuruSAthI niva`kadhama vAdI pakSa-186; ka-tattva sabaMdhI vicAra ane tene jJAtAvarga-187; karmatattvanI vicAraNAnI prAcInatA ane samAnatA-189; jaina tathA anya daIneAnI izvaranA sRSTikatRtva sabadhI mAnyatA-191; Izvara sRSTinA kartA ane kaphaladAtA kema nahIM ?-192; jIva ane Izvara vacce bhedaabheda-193; peAtAnA vighnanuM kAraNa jIva pAte ja-193; karmAMnA siddhAMta aMge DaoN. mekasamUlaranA abhiprAya-194; kazAstra e adhyAtmazAstranA aMza che-195; 'ku' zabdane atha ane enA keTalAka paryAya-196; karmanuM svarUpa-1976. pApa-puNyanI kasoTI-198; sAcI nile`patA-kama kathAre na badhAya ?-198; karmAMnuM anAdipaNuM-199; karmabaMdhanuM kAraNa199; karmathI mukta thavAnA upAya-200; AtmAnuM svataMtra astitva ane punarjanma-201; katattva aMge jainadarzananI vizeSatA-202. 13. anekAMtavAda ... 205-111 anekAMtanI sAmAnya samajUtI-201; anya danAmAM dekhAtI anekAMtadRSTi-206; anekAMtaSTinA AdhAra : satya

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-208; bhagavAna mahAvIre zodhelI anekAMtadaSTi ane tenI zarate -209; anekAMtadaSTinuM khaMDana ane tenI vyApaka asara-210. 14, nayavAda * * 212-221 maigama" zabadanuM mULa ane ene artha-212; bAkInA cha nA, ene AdhAra ane enI samajUtI-212; apekSAo ane anekAMta-214; sAta nanuM kAryakSetra-215; dravyArthika ane paryAyArthika naya-216; nizcaya ane vyavahAranayane anya darzanamAM svIkAra-217; tattvajJAna ane AcAramAM enI bhinnatA -218; tattvalakSI nizcaya ane vyavahAradaSTi-218; AcAralakSI nizcaya ane vyavahAradaSTi-219; tattvalakSI ane AcAralakSI nizcaya-vyavahAradaSTi vacce bIjuM mahatvanuM aMtara-219; jaina ane upaniSadanAM tattvajJAnanI nizrayadaSTi vacce phera-220. 15, saptabhaMgI . . rarararara9 saptabhaMgI ane ene AdhAra-222; sAta bhaMgo ane tenuM mULa-223; saptabhaMgInuM kArya : virodhano parihAra-223; mahatvanA cAra bhaMgane anyatra maLato nirdeza-226; "avaktavya artha aMge keTalIka vicAraNA-226; saptabhaMgI saMzayAtmaka jJAna nathI-227. -16, brahma ane sama ... ... 229-234 samatAnuM preraka tatva "sama - 29; "brahma" ane tenA vividha artho-229; zramaNa ane brAhmaNa vicAradhArAnI eka bhUmikA-231; zAzvata virodha chatAM ekatAnI preraka paramArtha daSTi-232.

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17. cAra saMsthAo . . 235-244 [1] saMdhasaMsthA-caturvidha saMdha-ra35; [2] sAdhusaMsthA 236; DahApaNuM bhareluM baMdhAraNa-236; bhikSuNa saMdha ane tenI bauddha saMgha upara asara-237; sAdhunuM dhyeya : jIvanazuddhi-237, sthAnAMtara ane leke pakAra-238; [3] tIrthasaMsthA-239; devadravyanA rakSaNanI suMdara vyavasthA-240; jANavA jevI bAbato 241; [4] jJAnasaMsthA-jJAnabhaMDAre-241; jJAna ane tenAM sAdhanano mahimA-242; jJAnabhaMDAronI sthApanA ane teno vikAsa-242; brAhmaNa ane jaina bhaMDAro vacce phera-243; jaina bhaMDAranI asAMpradAyika dRSTi-244. 18. paryuSaNa ane saMvatsarI . 245-48 jaina tahevArone udeza-245; paryuSaNa parva : zreSTha aSTAplikA-245, saMvatsarI : mahatparva-247.

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- - - - - - - - - zrI jagamohanadAsa kerA smAraka pustakamALAnAM anya prakAzane 1. cAra tIrthakara lekhaka : paMDita zrI sukhalAlajI bhagavAna RSabhadeva, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha ane mahAvIrasvAmInA jIvana upara viziSTa prakAza pADatA lekheno saMgraha 2. dhapasugaMdha nAmAMkita lekhakonI saMskAra piSaka ane rasadAyaka 18 vArtAono saMgraha 3. padmaparAga lekhaka : ratilAla dIpacaMda desAI bhagavAna pArzvanAthano abhinava ahiMsA-praga tema ja bhagavAna mahAvIranA jIvananA ekavIsa pAvana prasaMge AlekhatI tema ja bIjI rasapUrNa dharmakathAono saMgraha mUlya darekanuM daDha rUpiyA azoka kAMtilAla korA 48, govAliyA Teka reDa, muMbaI-26 gurjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya - gAMdhImArga, amadAvAda

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je na dharma ne prANa

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dhammo maMgalamukiTaM ahiMsA saMjamo tvo| devA vi taM namasaMti jassa dhamme sayA mnno|| - dazavaikAlikasUtra

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pUrvabhUmikA [dharma, tatvajJAna, saMskRti vagerenI sAmAnya samajUtI ] [1] dharma, tatvajJAna ane saMrakRti jJAna ane vidyA e mAtra bahu vAcanathI ja maLI jAya che ema nathI. echuM ke vadhu vAMcavuM e ruci, zakti ane sagavaDatAno savAla che. paNa, game teTaluM ochuM vAMcavA chatAM, je vadhAre siddhi ane lAbha meLavavo hoya te, tenI anivArya zarata e che ke, manane khulluM rAkhavuM ane satyajijJAsAnI siddhimAM kaI paNa pUrvagrahane ke rUDha saMskArone ADe AvavA devA nahi. mAro anubhava ema kahe che ke A mATe sauthI pahelAM nirbhayatAnI jarUra che. dharmane kAMI paNa kharo ane upayogI artha thato hoya te te nirbhayatA sAthenI satyanI zodha che. tatvajJAna e satyazodhano eka mArga che, ane game te viSayanuM adhyayana karatA hoIe chatAM dhama ane tattvajJAnane saMbaMdha rahele ja che. e banne vastuo kaI cekAmAM baMdhAtI nathI. mananAM badhAM dvAre satya mATe khullAM hoya ane nirbhayatA enI pRSThabhUmimAM hoya te je kAMI vicArIe ke karIe te badhuM ja tattvajJAna ke dharmamAM samAI jAya che. jIvanamAMthI mela ane nabaLAI dUra karavI ane tene sthAne sarvAgINa svacchatA tema ja sAmaMjasyapUrNa baLa ANavuM, e ja

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jainadhama nA prANa 4 jIvananI sAcI saMskRti che. A ja vastu prAcIna kALathI dareka deza ane jAtimAM dharmane nAme prasiddha che. ApaNA dezamAM saMskRtinI sAdhanA hajAro varSa pahelAMthI zarU thayelI ane Aje paNa cAle che. A sAdhanA mATe bhAratanuM nAma suvikhyAta che. sAcI saMskRti vinA mAnavatA ke rASTrIyatA nathI sarjAtI ke nathI TakatI. vyaktinI adhI zakti, siddhi ane pravRttio ekamAtra sAmAjika kalyANanI dizAmAM cAjAya tyAre ja dhama yA sa MskRti caritArtha thAya che. dhama, saMskRti ane tattvajJAnanI vikRta samaja dUra karavA ane saikAo-jUnA vahemAnuM mUla ucchedavA vAste paNa sa MskRtinI sAcI ane UMDI samaja Avazyaka che. [dRaciM. bhA. 1, pR0 7] [2] tattvajJAna ane dharmanesa'a'dha tattvajJAna eTale satyazeAdhananA prayatnamAMthI kulita thayelA ane kulita thatA siddhAMto. dhama eTale evA siddhAMtAne anusarIne ja nirmANa thayelA vaiyaktika tema ja sAmUhika jIvanavyavahAra. e kharuM che ke eka ja vyakti ke samUhanI yeAgyatA tema ja zakti sadA ekasarakhI nathI hotI. tethI bhUmikA ane adhikArabheda pramANe dharmAMmAM aMtara hovAnuM; eTaluM ja nahi, paNa dharmAcaraNa vadhAre puruSArthanI apekSA rAkhatuM hAvAthI te, gatimAM tattvajJAnathI pAchaLa paNa rahevAnuM. chatAM jo A annenI dizA ja mULamAM judI hoya te tattvajJAna game teTaluM UMDu ane game tevuM sAcuM hoya chatAM dharmAM enA prakAzathI vaMcita ja rahe ane pariNAme mAnavatAne vikAsa aTake. tattvajJAnanI zuddhi, vRddhi ane paripAka jIvanamAM dhane utAryAM sivAya sabhavI ja na zake. e ja rIte tattvajJAnanA avalaMbana vinAnA dhama, jaDatA tema ja vahemathI mukta thaI na zake. eTalA mATe bannemAM dhAtaka che. dizAbheda have [daci'* bhA. 1, pR0 202

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pUrvabhUmikA [3] dhanuM ja dhanuM khIja zuM che, ane enuM prAra Mbhika svarUpa zuM che? ApaNe sau anubhava karIe chIe ke ApaNAmAM jijIviSA che. jijIviSA kevaLa manuSya ke pazu-pakSI sudhI ja maryAdita nathI; e to jhINAmAM jhINA kITa, pataMga ane bekTeriyA jevA jaMtuomAM paNa che. jijIviSAnA garbhamAM ja sukhatI jJAta-ajJAta abhilASA anivAya rIte rahelI che. jyAM sukhanI abhilASA che tyAM pratikULa vedanA ke du:khathI bacavAnI vRtti jarUra hAya che. A jijIviSA, sukhanI abhilASA ane duHkhanA pratikAranI icchAmAM ja dharmanuM khIja raheluM che. kAI nAnuM ke moTuM prANI ekalu peAtAmAM ja jIvavA icche te jIvI na zake, ane evuM jIvana vitAvI paNa na zake. ene potAnA nAnAmeTA sAtIya jUthane AMzraya lIdhA vinA cena nathI paDatuM. jevI rIte e peAtAnA jUthamAM rahIne enA Azraye sukhane anubhava kare che, evI ja rIte, vakhata AvyuM, peAtAnA jUthanI bIjI vyaktine pAtAthI banatI madada ApIne paNa e sukhaneA anubhava kare che. kIDI, bhamarA ane UdhaI jevA kSudra jaMtuonu vaijJAnika nirIkSaNa karanArAee AvI vastusthitinuM vistArathI varNana karyuM che. ATalI jhIMNuvaTamAM nahIM UtaranAra sAmAnya nirIkSake paNa pakSIo ane vAMdarA jevAM prANIo uparathI joI zake che ke pApaTa, menA, kAgaDA vagere pakSIo kevaLa peAtAnAM saMtAne mATe ja nahIM, balke potAnI jAtinA jUtha uparanA saMkaTane samaye paNa enuM nivAraNa karavA mATe kevA jIvasaTAsaTanA prayatna kare che, ane potAnA jUthane Azraya levAnu kevI rIte pasaMda kare che! kAI vAMdarAnA baccAne pakaDI laI e, ane pachI joIe ke kevaLa enI mA ja nahI' paNa e jUthanAM nAnAM-moTAM badhAM vAMdarAM ene bacAvavAnA kevA prayatna kare che!e jarIte pakaDA

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jainadhama nA prANa yeluM bacyuM. paNa phakta pAtAnI mA tarapha ja nahIM paNa khIjA vAMdarAMo tarapha paNa peAtAne bacAvavA mATe kevuM tAkI rahe che! pazupakSIomAM rAjA banI gayelA A banAva Ama teA bahu paricita ane sAva sAmAnya jevA che, paNa emAM sUkSma rUpe eka satya samAyeluM che. e satya e che ke kAI prANInI jijIviSA enA jIvanathI aLagI nathI thaI zakatI; ane jiviSAnI tRpti tyAre ja thAya che ke jyAre prANI pAtAnA nAnA-meoTA jUthamAM rahIne evI madada meLave ane ene madada kare. jijIviSAnI sAthe anivAya rIte sakaLAyela A peAtAnI jAtinA jUthanI madada levAnI bhAvanAmAM ja dharmanuM bIja samAyeluM che. samudAyamAM rahyA vagara tema ja enI madada lIdhA vagara jo jIvanadhArI prANInI jIvavAnI icchA saMtuSTa thAta teA dharmanI utpattinA saMbhava ja na hatA. A dRSTie jotAM, e vAtamAM jarAya sa Mdeha nathI rahetA ke dhanu khIja ApaNI jijIviSAmAM che; ane e jIvanavikAsanI prAthamikamAM prAthamika sthitimAM paNa mojUda hoya che--bhale pachI e ajJAna ke avyakta avasthA ja kema na hoya. haraNa jevA sukAmaLa svabhAvanA ja nahIM, balke jaMgalI pADA ane geMDA jevAM kaThora svabhAvavALAM pazuomAM paNa jovAmAM Ave che ke e badhAMya potapAtAnAM jUtha racIne rahe che ane jIve che. Ane ApaNe cAhe Anuva Mzika saMskAra mAnIe ke cAhe pUrvajanmopArjita; paNa vikasita mAnavajAtimAM paNa A sAmudAyika vRtti avazya jovAmAM Ave che. jyAre purAtana kALane mAnavI jaMgalI avasthAmAM hatA tyAre, ane jyAre Ajane mAnavI sabhya lekhAya che tyAre paNa, A sAmudAyika vRtti ekasarakhI akhaMDa jovAmAM Ave che. hA, eTale phera jarUra che ke jIvanavikAsanI amuka bhUmikA sudhI sAmudAyika vRtti eTalI ekasarakhI nathI hAtI, ke jeTalI vikasita buddhizALI gaNAtA mAnavImAM che. ApaNe bhAnavagaranI ke aspaSTa bhAnavALI sAmudAyika

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pUrva bhUmikA vRttine prAvAhika ke audhika [ pravAhathI cAlI AvatI ke edha-saMjJAthI mAnI lIdhelI ] kahI zakIe chIe. paNa e vRtti ja dhakhIjA AdhAra che, emAM jarAya zaka nathI. A dhakhIjanuM sAmAnya ane sakSipta rUpa e ja che ke vyaktigata tema ja sAmuyika jIvanane mATe je anukULa hoya te karavuM ane je pratikULa hoya ene TALavuM ke enAthI bacavuM. [daauci'. kha' 1, pR0 3-5] [4] dhama'nuM dhyeya dhanuM dhyeya zuM hovuM joI e ? kaI vastune dharmAMnA dhyeya tarIke siddhAMtamAM, vicAramAM ane vanamAM sthAna ApavAthI dharmanI saphaLatA ane jIvananI vizeSa pragati sAdhI zakAya ? AnA javAba e ke darekane potAnA vaiyaktika ane sAmAjika kartavyanuM ThIka ThIka bhAna, kartavya pratyenI javAbadArImAM rasa ane e rasane mUta karI dekhADavA jeTalA puruSArthanI jAgRti hovI, e ja dharmAMnuM dhyeya manAvuM joIe. jo ukta tattvAne dharmanA dhyeya tarIke svIkArI tenA upara bhAra ApavAmAM Ave te prajAjIvana samagrapaNe palaTA khAya. [daaci'* bhA. 1, 50 64 ] [5] dhama: vizvanI sapatti AdhyAtmika dharma e kAI eka vyaktinA jIvanamAMthI nAnAmoTA strotarUpe pragaTa thAya che, ane te AsapAsanA mAnavasamAjanI bhUmikAne plAvita kare che. e strotanuM baLa ke pramANu game teTaluM hAya, chatAM te sAmAjika jIvananI bhUmikAne amuka aMze ja A kare che. bhUmikAnI e adhUrI bhInAzamAMthI aneka kITANu janme che, ane te peAtAnI AdhArabhUta bhUmikAne ja bharakhe che. evAmAM vaLI

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jainadharmane prANa koI bIjI vyaktimAM dharmano strota udbhave che, ane te prathamanA kITANujanya saDAne dhoI nAkhavA mathe che. A bIjo strota prathamanA strota upara bAjhelI lIlane joI nAkhI jIvananI bhUmikAmAM vadhAre phaladAyI kApa mUke che. vaLI e kAMpanA bIjA thara upara lIla jAme che, ane kyAreka kAlakrame trIjI vyakitamAM prabhavela dharmota enuM mArjana karI nAkhe che. AvI rIte mAnavajIvananI bhUmikA para dharmastrotanAM aneka vaheNe vahetAM rahe che, ane e rIte bhUmikA vizeSa ne vizeSa yogya tema ja phaLadrupa banatI jAya che. dharmotanuM prakaTIkaraNa e koI eka deza ke eka jAtinI pitRka saMpatti nathI; e te mAnavajAtirUpa eka vRkSanI judI judI zAkhA para udbhavanAra suphaLa che. tene prabhAva hoya bhale virala vyakitamAM, paNa te dvArA samudAyamAM amuka aMze vikAsa avazya thAya che. [daaciMtra bhA. 1, pR. 28 ] [6] dharmanAM be svarUpa : bAhya ane AtyaMtara dharmanAM be rUpa che : eka te najare caDe tevuM ane bIjuM najare na caDe paNa mAtra manathI samajI zakAya tevuM. pahelA rUpane dharmane deha ane bIjA rUpane tene AtmA kahI zakAya. duniyAnA badhA dharmone ItihAsa kahe che ke badhA dharmone deha jarUra hoya che. pahelAM e joIe ke e deha zAthI bane che? dareka nAnA-moTA dhamapaMthanuM avalokana karIe to ATalI bAbate te sarvasAdhAraNa jevI che : zAstra; tene racanAra ane samajAvanAra paMDita ke guru; tIrtha, maMdira Adi pavitra lekhAtAM sthaLe; amuka jAtanI upAsanA agara khAsa jAtanA kriyAkAMDe; evA kriyAkAMDe ane upAsanAone piSanAra ane te upara nabhanAra eka varga. sarva dharma paMthanI aMdara, eka athavA bIje rUpe, upara jaNAvelI vastuo For Priva

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pUrvabhUmikA maLI Ave che ane te ja te te dhamapaMthane deha che. have jovuM rahyuM ke dharmane AtmA, e zuM che? AtmA eTale cetanA ke jIvana. satya, prema, niHsvArthapaNuM, udAratA ane viveka-vinaya Adi sadgaNe, te dharmane AtmA che. deha bhale aneka ane judA judA hoya, paNa AtmA sarvatra eka ja hoya che. eka ja AtmA aneka deha dvArA vyakta thAya che, athavA ema kahIe ke eka ja AtmA aneka dehamAM jIvana poSe che, jIvana vahAve che. [ aciM0 bhATa 1, pR0 122] dharma eTale satyanI tAlAvelI ane vivekI samabhAva, tema ja e be tattvonI deravaNuM nIce ghaDAte jIvanavyavahAra. A ja dhama pAramArthika che. bIjA je vidhiniSedha, kriyAkAMDe, upAsanAnA prakAro vagere dharmanI koTimAM gaNAya che, te badhA ja vyAvahArika dharmo che ane te tyAM lagI ane eTale ja aMze yathArtha dharmanA nAmane pAtra che, jyAM lagI ane jeTale aMze te ukta pAramArthika dharma sAthe abhedya saMbaMdha dharAvatA hoya che. pAramArthika dharma e jIvananI mUlagata tema ja adazya vastu che. tene anubhava ke sAkSAtkAra te dhArmika vyaktine ja hoya che, jyAre vyAvahArika dharma dazya hoI parapratyeya che. pAramArthika dharmane saMbaMdha na hoya te game teTalA jUnA ane bahusaMmata badhA ja dharmo vastutaH dharmAbhAsa ja che. [ aciM- bhA. 1, 50 28 ] dharmanAM be svarUpa che : paheluM tAtvika, jemAM sAmAnyataH koIno matabheda nathI te sadgaNAtmakabIjuM vyAvahArika, jemAM jAtajAtanA matabhede anivArya che te bAhyapravRttirUpa. jeo tAtvika ane vyAvahArika dharma vacceno bheda spaSTapaNe samaje che, jeo

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jainadharmane prANa tAttvika ane vyAvahArika dharmanA saMbaMdha viSe vicArI jANe che, TUMkamAM tAtvika ane vyAvahArika dharmanA yogya pRthakkaraNanI tema ja baLAbaLanI cAvI jeone lAdhI che, temane vyAvahArika dharmanA matabhede phlezavardhaka tarIke sparzI nathI zakatA. Ane sArI e nIkaLyo ke je dharma viSenI kharI spaSTa samaja hoya to koI paNa matabheda kaleza janmAvI zake; kharI samaja hevI e eka ja kalezavardhaka matabhedanA nivAraNane upAya che. A samajanuM tatva prayatnathI manuSyajAtimAM vistArI zakAya che, tethI evI samaja meLavavI ke keLavavI e iSTa che. - zuddha vRtti ane zuddha nikA nirvivAdapaNe dharma che, jyAre bAhya vyavahAronA dhamadhamapaNAmAM matabhedo che. tethI bAhya AcAro ke vyavahAra, niyamo ke rItarivAjonI dharmatA ke adharmatAnI kasoTI e tAttvika dhama ja hoI zake. [aciM- bhA. 1, pR. para-pa3] [7] dharmadaSTi ane tenuM UrdhIkaraNa UrvIkaraNano artha che zuddhIkaraNa tema ja vistArIkaraNa. dharmadaSTi jema jema zuddha thAya ane zuddha karAya tema ja tene vistAra thAya arthAt mAtra vyaktigata na rahetAM tenuM jema jema sAmudAyika rUpa nirmANa thAya, tema tema tenuM UrdhvIkaraNa thAya che ema samajavuM joIe. ene ja Sublimation kahevAmAM Ave che. jijIviSA yA jIvanavRtti ane dharmadaSTi e banne prANImAtramAM sahabhU ane sahacArI che. dharmadaSTi vinA jIvanavRtti satiSAtI nathI ane jIvanavRtti hoya te ja dharmadRSTinuM astitva saMbhave che. Ama chatAM manuSya ane itara chavajagata vaccenI sthiti nokhI nokhI che. pazu-pakSI ane kIDI-bhramara jevI aneka prANI jAtiomAM ApaNe joIe chIe ke te te prANI mAtra potAnA daihika jIvana arthe ja

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pUrva bhUmikA 11 pravRtti nathI karatuM, paNa te potapotAnA nAnA-moTA jUtha, daLa ke va mATe kAMI ne kAMI kare ja che. A enI eka rIte dhavRtti thaI. paNa A dhavRttinA mULamAM jAtigata paraMparAthI cAlyA AvatA eka rUDha saMskAra hoya che; enI sAthe emAM samajaNa ke vivekanuM tattva vikasyuM nathI hotuM; enI zakayatA paNa nathI hotI; tethI e dhavRttine dha dRSTinI kATimAM mUkI na zakAya. manuSyaprANI ja evuM che jemAM dhaSTinAM khIjo svayaMbhU rIte paDelAM che. evAM khIjomAM enI jJAna ane jijJAsAvRtti, saMkalpazakti ane sArA-narasAnA viveka karavAnI zakti, tema ja dhyeyane siddha karavAnA puruSArtha, A mukhya che. manuSya jeTaluM bhUtakALanuM smaraNa anya kAI prANImAM nathI. enA jeTalA bhUtakALanA vArasA sAcavavAnI ane AgalI peDhIene e vArase vadhArA sAthe ApavAnI kaLA paNa kAImAM nathI. te ekavAra kAMI paNa karavAnA sa'kalpa kare to te tene sAthe ja che, ane peAtAnA niNuMcAne paNu, bhUla jaNAtAM, badale ane sudhAre che. enA puruSArthanI tA kAI sImA ja nathI. te aneka navAMnavAM kSetrone kheLe ane kheDe che. manuSyajAtanI A zakti teja tenI dharmAdiSTa che. paraMtu manuSyajAtimAM atyAre dharmAMdRSTinA vikAsanI je bhUmikA jaNAya che te ekAeka siddha thaI nathI. AneA sAkSI tihAsa che. eDavAM keDa nAmanA vidvAne dhavikAsanI bhUmikAonA nirdeza TrakamAM A rIte karyo che: We look out before we look in, and we look in before we look up. DaoN. AnaMdazaMkara dhruve enuM gujarAtI A rIte karyu che: " prathama ahidaSTi, pachI antardaSTi ane chevaTe UrdhvadRSTi; prathama IzvaranuM dana bAhya sRSTimAM thAya, pachI antartmAmAM (katavyanuM bhAna vageremAM) thAya ane chevaTe ubhayanI ekatAmAM thAya." jaina paribhASAmAM ene hirAbhA, antarAtmA ane paramAtmAnI avasthA kahI zakAya.

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jainadharmanA prANa manuSya kevAya zaktizALI kema na hoya, paNa te sthUlamAMthI arthAt dravyamAMthI sUkSmamAM arthAt bhAvamAM pragati kare che. grIsamAM zilpa, sthApatya, kAvya, nATaka, tattvajJAna, gaNita Adi kaLAo ane vidyAene eka kALe adbhuta vikAsa thayelA. eve vakhate ja eka vyaktimAM akaLa rIte dhaSTi, mANasajAtane AMjI de eTalA pramANamAM, vikasI. e sokreTise kaLAe ane vidyAenu mUlya ja dharmAMdRSTinA gajathI badalI nAkhyuM ane enI e dhadaSTi Aje te cemera satkArAya che. 12 yahovAhe mUsAne Adeza ApyA tyAre e mAtra yahUdI lokonA sthUla uddhAra pUratA hatA ane bIjI samakAlIna jAtiene emAM vinAza paNa sUcavAtA hatA. paraMtu e ja jAtimAM Isu khrista pAkazo ane dharmAMdRSTie juduM ja rUpa lIdhuM. Isue dharmAMnI badhI ja AjJAene aMdara ane bahArathI zeAdhI tema ja deza-kALanA bheda vinA satra lAgu karI zakavA jevI udAtta banAvI. A badhA pahelAM paNa IrAnamAM jarathrusra navuM darzana ApeluM, je avestAmAM jIvita che. aMdarAaMdara laDI maratA ane jAtajAtanA vahemanA bhAga thayelA Araba kakhIlAne sAMdhavAnI ane kAMIka vahemamukta karavAnI dharmAMdRSTi mahaMmada pegaMbaramAM vikasI. paraMtu dhadaSTinA vikAsa ane UrdhvIkaraNanI mukhya kathA / mAre bhAratIya paraMparAne avalakhI darzAvavAnI che. vedonAM uSasa, varuNu ane indra Adi sUktAmAM kavinI sau daSTi, parAkrama pratyenA ahobhAva ane kAI divya zakti pratyenI bhakti jevAM magaLa tattva vAMcIe chIe, paNa e kavienI dharmAMdRSTi mukhyapaNe sakAma che. tethI ja te divya zakti pAsethI pAtAnI, peAtAnA kuTuMbanI ane pazu Adi parivAranI AbAdInI mAgaNI kare che ane bahu bahu te lAMkhuM jIvana prAthe che. sakAmatAnI A bhUmikA brAhmaNukALamAM vikase che.

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pUrva bhUmikA 13 temAM ahika uparAMta pAralaukika bhAga sAdhavAnA navanavA mArgo ceAjAya che. paraMtu, A sakAma dhadaSTi samAjane vyApI rahI hatI tevAmAM ja, ekAeka dhadaSTinuM valaNa badalAtu dekhAya che. kAI tapasvI yA RSine sUjhayuM ke A bIjA lAkanA sukhabhoge vAMchavA ane te paNa pAtApUratA ane bahu bahu te parivAra yA janapadapUratA, tema ja bIjA karatAM vadhAre caDiyAtA, te A kAMI dhaSTi kahevAya nahi. dharmAMdRSTimAM kAmanAnuM tattva hoya to te eka adhUrApaNuM ja che. A vicAramAMthI navuM prasthAna zarU thayuM ane eneA jAdu vyApaka banyA. I. sa. pahelAMnA ArTase ke hajAra varSa jeTalA jUnA yugamAM akAma dharmAMdRSTinA aneka akhatarA thatA dekhAya che. upaniSado e ja dharmadRSTitu vivaraNa kare che. jaina, bauddha Adi sadhAnA to pAyeA ja e dRSTimAM che. A akAma dhadRSTi e antarAtmadRSTi yA dhavikAsanI bIjI bhUmikA che. AmAM manuSya prathama potAnI jAtane zuddha karavAne prayatna kare che ane samagra vizva sAthe tAdAtmyabhAva keLavavA mathe che. AmAM ahika ane paralaukika evA kAI sthUla bhAganI vAMcchAne Adara che ja nahi. kuTuMba ane samAjamAM niSkAmatA sAdhI na zakAya, e vicAramAMthI ekAntavAsa ane anagArabhAvanI vRtti baLa paDe che. ane AvI vRtti e ja jANe niSkAmatA hoya yA vAsanAnivRtti hoya evI rIte enI pratiSThA jAme che. kAmatRSNAnI nivRtti yA zuddhIkaraNanu sthAna mukhyapaNe pravRttityAga ja le che; ane jANe jIvana jIvavuM e eka pApa ke zApa hoya tevI manetti samAjamAM praveze che. Ave vakhate vaLI akAma dhadaSTinuM saMskaraNa thAya che. IzAvAsya gheSaNA kare cheke Akhu jagata ApaNA jevA caitanyathI bhareluM che, tethI jyAM jaze! tyAM khIjA paNa bhAgIe te che ja. vastubhAga e kAI mULagata

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jainadharmanA prANa 14 doSa nathI, e jIvana mATe anivAya che. eTaluM ja kareA ke bIjAnI sagavaDane khyAla rAkhI jIvana jIvA ane kAInA dhuna pratye na leAbhAe. prApta kavya kaye jAo ane jivAya teTaluM jIvavA icche. Ama karavAthI nathI kAI kAmatRSNAnuM baMdhana naDavAnuM ke nathI khInne kAI lepa lAgavAneA. kharekhara, IzAvAsye niSkAma dhadaSTine aMtima a darzAvI manuSyajAtane dhadaSTinA UIkaraNa tarapha prayANa karavAmAM bhAre madada karI che. gItAnA bhavya mahelanA pAceA IzAvAsyanI ja sUjha che. mahAvIre tRSNAdoSa ane temAMthI udbhavatA bIjA deSA nimULa karavAnI dRSTie mahatI sAdhanA karI. mudde paNa pAtAnI rIte evI ja sAdhanA karI. paraMtu sAmAnya samAje emAMthI eTale ja atha jhIlyeA ke tRSNA, hiMsA, bhaya Adi doSa TALavA. lokAnI dASA TALavAnI vRttie A na karavuM, te na karavuM, evA anekavidha niva ka cA nakArAtmaka dharmo pAdhyA, vikasAvyA ane vidhAyaka-bhAvAtmaka dharma vikasAvavAnI bAju lagabhaga AkhA dezamAM gauNa khanI gaI. AvI dazA hatI tyAre ja vaLI mahAyAnabhAvanA udayamAM AvI. azAkanA dharmazAsanamAM enuM dana thAya che. pachI te aneka bhikSukA pAtapeAtAnI rIte e bhAvanA dvArA pravartaka dharmAM vikasAvye jatA hatA. chaThThA saikAnA gujarAtamAM thayela zAntideve te tyAM sudhI kahI dIdhuM ke duniyA duHkhI hoya ane mekSane jhaMkhIe, evA arasika mekSa zA kAmanA? madhyakALa ane pachInA bhAratamAM aneka saMtA, vicArakA ane dhaSTinA zeAdhakA thatA AvyA che, paNa ApaNe ApaNA ja jIvanamAM dharmAMdRSTinuM je UrdhvIkaraNa joyuM che, ane atyAre paNa joI e chIe, te atyAra lagI vizvamAM thayela dharmAMdRSTinA vikAsanuM sarvopari sApAna hoya ema jaNAyA vinA rahetuM nathI. [dRciM. bhA0 1, pR0 72-75]

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pUrvabhUmikA [8] be dharmasaMsthAe gRhasthAzramakendrita ane saMnyAsakendrita ApaNA dezamAM mukhyapaNe be prakAranI dharmasaMsthAo cAlI Ave che, ke jenAM mULa tathAgata buddha ane nigraMthanAtha mahAvIrathI paNu jUnAM che. AmAMnI ekanA kendramAM gRhasthAzrama che ane bIjInA kendramAM saMnyAsa ke parivajyA che. pahelI saMsthAnuM piSaNa ane saMvardhana mukhyatve vaidika brAhmaNe dvArA thayuM che, ke jemano dharma vyavasAya gRhya ane zrauta yajJayAgAdi tema ja ene anukULa saMskArone anulakSIne cAlI rahyo che. bIjI saMsthA zarUmAM ane mukhyatve brAhmaNetara eTale ke vaidikatara-khAsa karIne karmakAMDI brAhmaNathI judA-varga dvArA AvirbhAva pAmI che. Aje te ApaNe cAra AzramanA nAmathI eTalA badhA suparicita chIe ke dareka ema samaje che ke bhAratanI prajA pahelAMthI ja cAra AzramanI saMsthAnI upAsaka hatI. paNa kharI rIte evuM nathI. gRhasthAzramakendrita ane saMnyAsAzramakendrita evI bane saMsthAonA parasparanA saMgharSa tathA AcAra-vicAronI Apa-lemAMthI A cAra AzramanI saMsthAne vicAra ane AcAra sthira thayo che. jeo gRhasthAzramekendrita saMsthAne jIvananuM mukhya aMga mAnatA hatA, teo saMnyAsano kevaLa virodha ja nahIM, anAdara sudhdhAM karatA hatA. bIjI bAju saMnyAsakendrita saMsthAnA pakSapAtI saMnyAsa upara eTale badhe bhAra ApatA hatA ke jANe e samAjanuM jIvanasarvasva ja hoya. brAhmaNo veda ane vedAzrita karmakAMDene AdhAre jIvana vyatIta karatA rahyA, je gRhastha dvArA gRhasthAzramamAM ja saMbhavita che. tethI teo gRhasthAzramanI pradhAnatA, guNavattA tema ja sarvopayogitA upara bhAra detA AvyA. jemane mATe vedAzrita karma kAMDene jIvanamArga sIdhI rIte ughADe na hatuM ane jeo vidyAruci ane dhamaruci dharAvatA hatA, emaNe dharmajIvananAM bIjA kAra

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jainadhama nA prANa 16 udhADavAM, jemAMthI krame krame AraNyaka dhama, tApasa dhama ke TAgAranI bhASAmAM ' tapAvana 'nI saMskRtinA vikAsa thayA che, je sata-saMskRtinu mULa che. evA paNa vaizvika brAhmaNa thaI gayA, ke je sata-saMskRtinA paNa mukhya staMbha manAya che. khIjI bAju veda ane vedAzrita karyAMkAMDAmAM bhAga laI zakavAnA adhikAra nahIM dharAvatA aneka evA brAhmaNetarA paNa thaI gayA ke jemaNe gRhasthAzramandrita dharmAMsa sthAne ja mukhya mAnI che. paNa eTaluM nizcita che ke chevaTe banne saMsthAAne samanvaya cAra AzramanA rUpamAM ja thayA. Aje kaTTara kama kAMDI mImAMsaka brAhmaNa sudhdhAM saMnyAsanI avagaNanA nathI karI zakatA. e ja rIte saMnyAsanA bhAre pakSapAtI paNa gRhasthAzramanI upayeAgitAne inkAra nathI karI zakatA. [daauciM. kha'0 1, pRdeg 38-39] [9] dhama ane buddhi Aja sudhI kAI paNa vicArake ema nathI kahyuM ke dharmanI utpatti ane ene vikAsa buddhi sivAya khIjA paNa kAI tattvathI thaI zake che. pratyeka dhama-saMpradAyanA kRtihAsa ema ja kahe che ke amuka buddhizALI puruSA dvArA ja e dhamanI utpatti ke zuddhi thaI. dharmAMnA tihAsa ane enA saMcAlakanA vyAvahArika jIvanane joI te ApaNe kevaLa eka ja niSkarSa upara paheAMcIe chIe ke buddhinu tattva ja dharmAMnuM utpAdaka, enuM saMzAdhaka, pASaka ane pracAraka banyuM che ane banI zake che. zuM dha ane muddhi vacce vidha che? AnA javAbamAM TUMkamAM eTaluM ja kahI zakAya ke emanI vacce na kAI virAdha che ke na heAI zake che. jo sAce ja keAI dhamamAM emanI vacce viredha mAnavAmAM Ave te ApaNe ema ja kahevuM paDe ke e buddhiviAdhI dha sAthe amAre kazI levAdevA nathI. AvA dharmanA svIkAra karavAne

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17 pUrvabhUmikA badale eno svIkAra nahIM karavAmAM ja jIvana sukhI ane vikasita thaI zake che. [daauciM khaM1, 50 13] [10] dharma ane vicAra || dharmane pitA, eno mitra ane enI prajA, e badhuM vicAra ja che. vicAra na hoya temAM dharmanI utpatti na ja saMbhave. dharmanA jIvana ane prasaraNa sAthe vicAra hoya ja che. je dharma vicAra na pragaTAve ane na poSe te pitAno AtmA ja gumAve che, tethI dharma viSe vicAraNuM ke parIkSAnI paNa parIkSAo cAle te pariNAme e lAbhakAraka ja che. | [aciM0 bhA1, pR. 49] [11] dharma ane saMskRti vacce bheda dharmane sAco artha che AdhyAtmika utkarSa, ke jenA dvArA vyakti bahirmukhatAno tyAga karIne-vAsanAonA pAzathI mukta banIne-zuddha cirUpa ke AtmasvarUpa tarapha AgaLa vadhe che. AnuM nAma ja yathArtha dharma. je Avo dharma sAcesAca jIvanamAM pragaTa thata hoya enAM bAhya sAdhano paNa-bhale pachI e eka yA bIjA rUpamAM aneka prakAranAM kema na hoya-dharma ja kahI zakAya. paraMtu je vAsanAonA pAzathI mukti na maLe athavA mukti mATe prayatna paNa na thAya, to bAhya sAdhane game tevAM hoya to paNa e dharmanI koTimAM kadI na AvI zake; balka e badhAMya sAdhana adharma ja banI jAya che. sArAMza e ke dharmano mukhya saMbaMdha satya, ahiMsA, aparigraha jevA AdhyAtmika saguNo sAthe che. sAcI rIte te dharma kaI bAhya vastu nathI, chatAM e bAhya jIvana ane vyavahAra dvArA ja vyakta thAya che. dharmane je AtmA kahIe te bAhya jIvana ane badhA sAmAjika vyavahArone deha kahevo joIe.

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jainadharmanA prANa kharI rIte dhama ane saMskRti vacce kAI aMtara nahIM. hAvuM joI e. je vyakti ke je samAja saMskRta gaNAtAM hAya, e jo dhavimukha hoya to pachI jaMgalIpaNAmAM ane saskRtimAM phera zA? Ama kharI rIte mAnava-saMskRtine atha dhArmika ke nyAyasapanna jIvana-vyavahAra ja thAya che. paNa sAmAnya jagatamAM saMskRtine AvA artha karavAmAM nathI AvatA. lokA saMskRtinA a mAnavIe karelI vividha kaLAo, judI judI zeAdhA ane judI judI vidyA kare che. paraMtu A kaLA, A zeAdhe ane A vidyAe hamezAM mAnavasamAjanA kalyANanI dRSTithI ke vRttithI ja pragaTa thAya che, evA kAI niyama nathI. ApaNe tihAsane AdhAre e jANIe chIe ke aneka kaLA, aneka zeAdhA ane aneka vidyAonI pAchaLa hamezAM lAkakalyANatA kAI zuddha uddeza hAya che evuM nathI; ane chatAM A vastu samAjamAM Ave che, ane samAja paNa emanuM hRdayapUrNAMka svAgata kare che. A rIte ApaNe joI e chIe, ane vyavahAramAM paNa anubhavIe chIe, ke je vastu mAnavInI muddhi ane enA ekAgra prayatna dvArA sarjAya che, ane mAnavasamAjane jUnI bhUmikA uparathI navI bhUmikAe dorI jAya che, e sa MskRtinI kATimAM Ave che. enI sAthe zuddha dharmanA kAI anivAya` saMbaMdha hAya, evA kAI niyama nathI. eTalA mATe ja saMskRta kahevAtI ane manAtI jAtie paNa aneka rIte dhavimukha jovAmAM Ave che. [dRauci. kha'01, pR. 9] [12] dharma ane nIti vacce phera 18 je dhana ke je kavya bhaya ke svAmUlaka hAya che te nIti; ane je kavya bhaya ke svAmUlaka nahi paNa zuddha kavya khAtara ja hoya che, ane je katavya mAtra ceAgyatA upara ja avalaMbita hoya che

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pUrvabhUmikA nathI. je ApaNe jarIka UMDA UtarIne tapAsIzuM te spaSTa dekhAze ke nIti e samAjanA dhAraNa ane piSaNa mATe Avazyaka chatAM paNa tenAthI samAjanuM saMzodhana thatuM nathI. saMzodhana eTale zuddhi; ane zuddhi eTale ja khare vikAsa, e samaja je vAstavika hoya te ema kahevuM joIe ke e vikAsa dharmane ja AbhArI che. je samAjamAM upara kahela dharma jeTale aMze vadhAre anusaratA hoya te samAja teTale aMze caDiyAta. [daaciM- bhA. 1, pR. 44] [13] dharma ane paMtha | pahelAmAM eTale dharmamAM aMtardazana heya che, eTale te AtmAnI aMdarathI Uge che ane temAM ja DekiyuM karAve che ke te tarapha ja mANasane vALe che, jyAre bIjAmAM eTale paMthamAM bahirdarzana hoya che, eTale te bahAranA vAtAvaraNamAMthI ja ane dekhAdekhImAMthI ja Avela hoya che, tethI bahAra ja najara karAve che ane mANasane bahAranI bAju jovAmAM ja rokI rAkhe che.' dharma e guNajIvI ane guNAvalaMbI hevAthI te AtmAnA guNa upara ja raheluM hoya che, jyAre paMtha e rUpajIvI ane rUpAvalaMbI hovAthI tene badhe AdhAra bahAranA rUparaMga ane DAkaDamALa upara hoya che.' pahelAmAM ekatA ane abhedanA bhAvo UThe che ane samAnatAnI umio UchaLe che, jyAre bIjAmAM bheda ane viSamatAnI tarADe paDatI ane vadhatI jAya che. eTale pahelAmAM mANasa bIjA sAthe pitAne bheda bhUlI abheda tarapha ja khUke che, ane bIjAnA duHkhamAM pitAnuM sukha vIsarI jAya che. dharmamAM brahma eTale sAcA jIvananI jhAMkhI thavAthI tenI vyApakatA sAme mANasane pitAnI jAta alpa jevI ja bhAse che, jyAre paMthamAM ethI UlaTuM che. emAM guNa ke

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jainadharmane prANa vaibhava na paNa hoya chatAM mANasa pitAne bIjAthI me mAne che ane tema manAvavA yatna kare che. emAM namratA hoya te te banAvaTI hoya che ane tethI te mANasane meTAIne ja khyAla pUro pADe che. enI namratA e meTAIne mATe ja hoya che. sAcA jIvananI jhAMkhI na hovAthI ane guNanI anantatAnuM tema ja pitAnI pAmaratAnuM bhAna na hovAthI paMthamAM paDele mANasa pitAmAM laghutA anubhavI zakato ja nathI, mAtra te laghutA darzAvyA kare che. dharmamAM dRSTi satyanI hovAthI temAM badhI bAju jevA- jANavAnI dhIraja ane badhI ja bAjuone sahI levAnI udAratA hoya che. paMthamAM ema nathI hatuM. temAM daSTi satyAbhAsanI hovAthI eka ja-ane te paNa pitAnI-bAjune sarva satya mAnI bIjI bAju jovA-jANavA tarapha valaNa ja nathI ApatI, ane virodhI bAjuone sahI levAnI ke samajI levAnI udAratA paNa nathI ApatI. dharmamAM potAnuM doSadarzana ane bIjAonA guNanuM darzana mukhya heya che, jyAre paMthamAM tethI UlaTuM che. paMthavALo mANasa bIjAnA guNe karatAM doSa ja khAsa joyA tema ja gAyA kare che, ane pitAnA dezo karatAM guNe ja vadhAre joyA tema ja gAyA kare che, athavA te enI najare pitAnA doSe caDatA ja nathI. dharmagAmI ke dharmaniSTha mANasa prabhune pitAnI aMdara ja ane pitAnI AsapAsa ja jue che. tethI tene bhUla ane pApa karatAM prabhu joI jaze" e bhaya lAge che, tenI zarama Ave che, jyAre paMthagAmI mANasane prabhu vaikuMThamAM ke muktisthAnamAM hovAnI zraddhA hoya che, eTale te bhUla karatAM prabhuthI pitAne vegaLo mAnI, jANe kaI jANatuM ja na hoya tema, nathI kAIthI bhaya khAto ke nathI zaramAte. ene bhUlanuM duHkha sAlatuM ja nathI ane sAle toye pharI bhUla na karavAne mATe nahi.

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pUrva bhUmikA 21 dharmAMmAM cAritra upara ja pasaMdagInuM dhAraNa hovAthI temAM jAti, liMga, umara, bhekha, cihno, bhASA ane khIjI tevI bahAranI vastuone sthAna ja nathI, jyAre paMthamAM e ja bAhya vastune sthAna hoya che. ane enI mukhyatAmAM cAritra khAI jAya che. ghaNIvAra te leAkeAmAM jenI pratiSThA na hoya evI jAti, evu liMga, evI umara ke evA veza ke cihnavALAmAM jo khAsuM cAritra hoya tApaNu pathamAM paDela mANasa tene lakSamAM lete ja nathI ane ghaNIvAra teA tevAne tarADI paNa kADhe che. dharmAMmAM vizva e eka ja ceAkA che. temAM khIjA kAI nAnA ceAkA na heAvAthI AbhaDacheTa jevI vastu ja nathI ha|tI ane hAya che te eTaluM ja ke temAM peAtAnuM pApa ja mAtra AbhaDacheTa lAge che, jyAre pathamAM ceAkAtti evI hoya che ke jyAM dekhA tyAM AbhaDacheTanI gaMdha Ave che ane tema chatAM cekAvRttinuM nAka pAtAnA pApanI durgaMdha sughI zakatuM ja nathI! tene te mAneluM e ja suvAsavALu ane pote cAlatA hoya te ja rastA zreSTha lAge che, ane tethI te khIje badhe bA ane bIjAmAM peAtAnA paMtha karatAM UtaratApaNuM anubhave che. TUMkamAM kahIe to, dhama mANasane rAtadivasa pezvAtA bhedasaMskArAmAMthI abheda tarapha dhakele che ane patha e poSAtA bhedamAM vadhAre ane vadhAre umerA kare che, ane kayAreka daivayeAge abhedanI taka kAI ANe te temAM tene saMtApa thAya che. dharmAMmAM dunyavI nAnI-meTI takarArA ( jara, joru, jamInanA ane nAnama-moTapanA jhaghaDA ) paNa zamI jAya che, jyAre paMthamAM dharmane nAme ja ane dhanI bhAvanA upara ja takarArA UgI nIkaLe che. emAM jhadhaDA vinA dharmanI rakSA ja nathI dekhAtI. paMtheA hatA, che ane raheze, paNa temAM sudhAravA jevuM ke karavA

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jainadharmane prANuM jevuM hoya to te eTaluM ja che ke temAMthI vikhUTo paDele dharmane AtmA temAM pharI ApaNe pUra. eTale ApaNe koI paNa paMthanA hoIe chatAM temAM dharmanAM to sAcavIne ja te paMthane anusarIe. ahiMsAne mATe hiMsA na karIe ane satyane mATe asatya na bolIe. paMthamAM dharmane prANa phUMkavAnI khAsa zarata e che ke dRSTi satyAgrahI hoya. satyAgrahI hovAnAM lakSaNe TUMkamAM A pramANe che - (1) pote je mAnatA ane karatA hoIe tenI pUrepUrI samaja hovI joIe ane pitAnI samaja upara eTale badhe vizvAsa hovo joIe ke bIjAne sacoTatAthI samajAvI zakAya. (2) pitAnI mAnyatAnI yathArtha samaja ane yathArtha vizvAsanI kasoTI e che ke bIjAne te samajAvatAM jarA paNa Aveza ke gusso na Ave ane e samajAvatI vakhate paNa enI khUbIonI sAthe ja je kAMIkhAmIo dekhAya to tenI paNa vagara saMkoce kabUlAta karatA javuM. (3) jema pitAnI dRSTi samajAvavAnI dhIraja tema bIjAnI dRSTi samajavAnI paNa teTalI ja udAratA ane tatparatA hovI joIe. bane athavA jeTalI bAjuo jANI zakAya te badhI bAjuonI sarakhAmaNI ane baLAbaLa tapAsavAnI vRtti paNa hovI joIe. eTaluM ja nahi, paNa pitAnI bAju nabaLI ke bhUlabharelI bhAsatAM tene tyAga tenA prathamanA svIkAra karatAM vadhAre sukhada manAvo joIe. (4) koI paNa AkhuM satya deza, kALa ke saMskArathI parimita nathI hatuM, mATe badhI bAjue javAnI ane dareka bAjumAM je khaMDa satya dekhAya che te badhAne samanvaya karavAnI vRtti hovI joIe. [ aciM0 bhA. 1, pR. 36-39] [14] darzana ane saMpradAya e vicAra karavo ucita lekhAze ke "darzanane artha zuM karavAmAM Ave che, ane kharI rIte ene artha zuM hoI zake ? e ja rIte

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23 pUrvabhUmikA e vAtanI vicAraNA karavI paNa yogya lekhAze ke saMpradAya zuM vastu che, ane enI sAthe darzanane kevo saMbaMdha rahyo che; tema ja e sAMpradAyika saMbaMdhanA pariNAme darzanamAM kayA guNadoSa AvI gayA, vagere. sAmAnya rIte badhAya ema ja samajatA ane mAnatA AvyA che ke darzanano artha che tattvano sAkSAtkAra. badhAya dArzanike pitapotAnA sAMpradAyika darzanane sAkSAtkAra rUpa ja mAnatA AvyA che. ahIM savAla e thAya che ke sAkSAtkAra eTale zuM ? Ano javAba eka ja hoI zake ke sAkSAtkAra enuM nAma che ke jemAM zrama ke saMdehane sthAna na heya, ane je tattvano sAkSAtkAra thayo hoya emAM pachI matabheda ke virodha na hoya. je darzananI AvI sAkSAtkArAtmaka vyAkhyA saune mAnya hoya te, bIjo savAla e thAya che ke aneka saMpradAyAzrita judAM judAM darzanemAM eka ja tattvanI bAbatamAM ATalA bhinna bhinna matabheda kevA ? ane emAM jenuM samAdhAna thaI na zake evo paraspara vidha ke? A zaMkAnuM samAdhAna karavAno ApaNI pAse eka ja raste che ke ApaNe "darzana" zabdane kaMIka jAde artha samajIe. eno je sAkSAtkArarUpa artha karavAmAM Ave che, ane je lAMbA samayathI zAstromAM paNa lakhele maLe che, e artha je yathArtha che te, mArA abhiprAya pramANe, e badhAMya darzanane nirvivAda ane asaM. digdharUpe mAnya evA nIcenA AdhyAtmika pramecomAM ja ghaTI zake che - (1) punarjanma; (2) enuM kAraNa; (3) punarjanmane grahaNa karanAra kAIka tatva; (4) sAdhanavizeSa dvArA punarjanmanAM kAraNe nAza. A prameyone sAkSAtkAranA viSaya mAnavAmAM Ave che. koI tapasvI draSTA ke draSTAone kyAreka ne kyAreka A tane sAkSAtkAra thaye haze, ema kahI zakAya; kema ke atyAra sudhI koI paNa AdhyAtmika darzanamAM A ane enA jevAM to saMbaMdhamAM na te matabheda pragaTa thaze che, ane na emAM koIe virodha darzAvyo che. paNa upara sUcavela

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24 jainadharmano prANa mULa AdhyAtmika prameyanA vizeSa-vizeSa svarUpanI bAbatamAM tema ja enI vigatavAra vicAraNAmAM badhAMya mukhya mukhya darzane vacce, ane kathAreka kyAreka te eka ja darzananI aneka zAkhAo vacce, eTale badho matabheda ane virodha zAstromAM jovAmAM Ave che ke, ene joIne taTastha samAcaka ema kyAreya na mAnI zake ke koI eka ke badhA saMpradAyanAM vigatavAra maMtavyo sAkSAtkArano viSaya banyAM hoya. je A maMtavyano sAkSAtkAra thaye heya to e kyA saMpradAyanAM? koI eka saMpradAyanA pravartakane vigatenI bAbatamAM sAkSAtkAra karanAra-draSTA sAbita karavAnuM kAma bahu muzkela che. tethI, bahu bahu ta, upara jaNAvela mULa prameyanA saMbaMdhamAM "darzanane artha sAkSAtkAra " mAnI lIdhA pachI e prameyonI vigatenI bAbatamAM darzana no artha kaMIka judo ja karavo paDaze. vicAra karatAM lAge che ke "darzana'ne bIjo artha "sabaLa pratIti" evo karavo ja barAbara che. zabdonA arthonA judA judA stare hoya che. "darzana'nA arthane A bIje stara che. ApaNe vAcaka umAsvAtinA "taravAzraddhAnaM sabhyana" e sUtramAM tathA enI vyAkhyAomAM A bIje stara spaSTa rUpe joIe chIe. vAcakajIe spaSTa rUpe kahyuM che ke " prameyonI zraddhA enuM nAma ja darzana" che. ahIM e vAta kyAreya bhUlavI na joIe ke zraddhAno artha che sabaLa pratIti ke vizvAsa, nahIM ke sAkSAtkAra. zraddhA ke vizvAsa, e saMpradAyamAM sAkSAtkArane jIvaMta rAkhavAnI eka bhUmikAvizeSa che, jene meM darzana no bIjo stara kahela che. Ama te dareka dezanA ciMtakomAM saMpradAya jovAmAM Ave che. yuropanA taravaciMtananI janmabhUmi grIsanA ciMtakAmAM paNa paraspara virodhI aneka saMpradAya hatA; paNa bhAratIya tatvaciMtakonA saMpradAyanI kathA kaMIka judI ja che. A dezanA saMpradAyo mULamAM dhamaprANa

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pUrvabhUmikA ane dharmajIvI che. badhAya saMpradAyoe tatvaciMtanane Azraya Apyo che, eTaluM ja nahIM enA vikAsa ane vistArane mATe paNa ghaNuM karyuM che. eka rIte, e judA judA saMpradAyanA prayatnone lIdhe ja bhAratIya tatvaciMtanane bauddhika pradeza camatkArapUrNa banI zakyo che. paNa ApaNe ahIM je vicAravAnuM che te te e che ke dareka saMpradAya pitAnAM je maMtavyo para sabaLa vizvAsa rAkhe che, ane je maMtavyane bIjo virodhI saMpradAya kaI rIte mAnavA taiyAra nathI, e maMtavya sAMpradAyika vizvAsa ke sAMpradAyika bhAvanAnA ja viSaya lekhI zakAya, sAkSAtkAranA nahIM. A rIte sAkSAtkArane sAmAnya jhare saMpradAyanI bhUmi upara, vigatonA vizeSa pravAhomAM vibhAjita thatAMnI sAthe ja, vizvAsa ane pratItinuM rUpa dhAraNa karavA lAge che. jyAre sAkSAtkAra vizvAsanuM rUpa dhAraNa kare che tyAre e vizvAsane sthira rAkhavA mATe tema ja enuM samarthana karavA mATe badhAya saMpradAyone kahapanAo, dalIle ane tane AdhAra levo paDe che. badhAya sAMpradAyika tattvaciMtake pitapotAnA vizvAsanI puSTine mATe kalpanAono pUrepUre AdhAra letAM rahevA chatAM ema mAnatA rahyA ke ame ane amAro saMpradAya je kAMI mAnIe chIe e badhuM kalpanA nahIM paNa sAkSAtkAra che. A rIte "darzana'nA arthamAM kalpanAono tema ja satya-asatya ke ardhasatya tane paNa samAveza thaI gaye. eka tarapha jyAM saMpradAye mULa darzana eTale ke sAkSAtkAranI rakSA karI ane enI spaSTatA karavA sAru aneka jAtanAM ciMtana cAlu rAkhyAM tema ja ene vyakta karavAnI aneka manorama kalpanAo karI, tyAM bIjI tarapha saMpradAyanI vADane AdhAre vadhavAvALI ane phaLavA-phUlavAvALI tatvaciMtananI vela eTalI te parAzrita thaI gaI ke ene saMpradAya sivAya bIje AdhAre ja na rahyo. pariNAme, pA~nazIna padminIonI jema, tatvaciMtananI vela paNa kamaLa ane saMkucita dRSTivALI banI gaI [daauciM0 naM01, pR. 67-69]

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26 jainadharmane prANa [15] samyagdaSTi ane mithyAdaSTi - daSTi eTale darzana. darzanane sAmAnya artha "dekhavuM" e che. AMkhathI je je bodha thAya tene "dekhavuM" ke "darzana" ema kahevAya. che. paraMtu A sthaLe dRSTi ke darzanane artha "netrajanya bedha" eTale ja mAtra nathI; ahIM teno artha ghaNo vizALa che. kaI paNa. IndriyathI thatuM jJAna, e badhuM ahIM daSTi ke darzanarUpe abhipreta che, eTaluM ja nahi, paNa mananI madada vinA je AtmAne jJAna zakya hoya che tevuM jJAna paNa ahIM dRSTi ke darzanarUpe abhipreta che. sArAMza e che samyagdaSTi eTale kaI paNa jAtano samyagU bodha ane mithyA daSTi eTale dareka jAtane mithyA bedha. deha dhAraNa kare, zvAsocchavAsa le, jJAnendriyothI jANavuM, karmendriyethI kAma karavuM, eTaluM ja mAtra jIvana nathI, paNa mananI ane cetananI judI judI bhUmikAomAM je sUkSma ane sUkSmatara aneka prakAranAM saMvedane anubhavavA te paNa jIvana che. AvA vyApaka jIvananAM pAsAM paNa aneka che. e badhAM pAsAMne deravaNa ApanAra ane jIvanane calAvanAra "dRSTi' che. je dRSTi sAcI che tenAthI deravAtuM jIvana khoDa vinAnuM ane je dRSTi khoTI ke bhUlabharelI, te tenAthI deravAtuM jIvana kheDakhAMpaNavALuM ja hevAnuM. tethI e vicAravuM prApta thAya che ke sAcI dRSTi eTale zuM ane khATI dRSTi. eTale zuM ? keTalAka zabdo Indriyagamya vastune lAgu paDe che, te keTalAka managamya varatune ja lAgu paDe che. jyAM zabdano artha Indriyagamya hoya tyAM tenA arthanI pakaDamAM sudhAro vadhAro karavAnuM kAma saheluM che, paNa jyAM zabdano artha atIndriya ke managamya mAtra hoya tyAM arthanA sudhArAvadhArAnuM kAma karavuM bahu agharuM che. samyagdaSTi ane mithyAdaSTi e zabda cakalA ane ghoDA Adi zabdonI peThe Indriya--

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pUrvabhUmikA 27 gamya vastune lAgu nathI paDatA, paNa managamya ke atIndriya bhAvone sparza kare che. eTale te zabdonA kharA artha tarapha javAnuM ke vArasAthI prathama dhArela arthamAM sudhAre, pheraphAra ke vRddhi karavAnuM kAma bahu ja agharuM hoI viveka ane prayatnasAdhya che. jIvanamAtramAM cetanatatvanA astitvamAM zraddhA dharAvavI tema ja evI zraddhAne pariNAme cetana uparanAM ajJAna tema ja rAga-dveSAdi AvaraNane cAritranA samyak puruSArthathI bhedavAnI zakyatAnA cAritralakSI tatvamAM zraddhA dharAvavI te samyagdaSTi agara AstitA. AthI UlaTuM eTale ke cetanatatvamAM ke cAritryalakSI tatvamAM zraddhA na rAkhavI te mithyAdiSTa agara nAstikatA. samyagdaSTi ane mithyASTino anukrame tatvaviSayaka zraddhA ke azraddhA e ja artha vikAsakramamAM phalita thAya che. vAcaka umAsvAti nAmanA jaina AcArye samyagdaSTine artha batAvatAM kahyuM che ke AdhyAtmika ane cAritralakSI tamAM zraddhA sevavI te ja samyagdarzana. ApaNe joIe chIe ke A vyAkhyAmAM koI eka phirakAnI bAhya AcAravicAranI praNAlIono sparza ja nathI; mAtra tattvanA vAstavika svarUpamAM zraddhA dharAvavAno ja sparza che. tatvazraddhA e samyagdaSTi hoya to paNa te artha chevaTane nathI. chevaTano artha te tattvasAkSAtkAra che. tatvazraddhA e tattvasAkSAtkAranuM eka sopAna mAtra che. jyAre e sopAna daDha hoya tyAre ja yAcita puruSArthathI tatvane sAkSAtkAra thAya che, eTale ke sAdhaka jIvanamAtramAM cetana tatvane samAna bhAve anubhave che ane cAritryalakSI to mAtra zraddhAno viSaya na rahetAM jIvanamAM vaNAI jAya che, ekarasa thaI jAya che. AnuM ja nAma tasvasAkSAtkAra ane e ja samyagdaSTi zabdane aMtima tema ja ekamAtra artha. [aciM- bhA. 1, pR. 98-106]

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2 jainadharmanA prANa brAhmaNa ane zramaNa paraparA : vaiSamya ane sAmyadRSTi atyAre je AcAra-vicAra ' jainadhama ne nAme oLakhAya che, te bhagavAna pArzvanAthanA samayamAM khAsa karIne mahAvIranA samayamAM---- ." ni thadhama 'ne nAme paNa oLakhAtA hatA; paNa e 'zramaNadha' paNa kahevAtA hatA. emAM phera hoya te eTalA ja ke ekalA jainadhama ja zramadharma nathI; zramadharmanI bIjI paNa aneka zAkhAe bhUtakALamAM hatI ane atyAre paNa bauddha vagere keTalIka zAkhAe jIvata che. nithadhama yA jainadharmAMmAM zramadharmAMnAM sAmAnya lakSaNA hAvA chatAMya emAM AcAra-vicAranI keTalIka evI vizeSatAo che, je ene zramadharmanI khIjI zAkhAethI judo pADe che. jainadharmanA AcAravicAranI evI vizeSatAe jANatAM pahelAM sAruM e che ke ApaNe zarUAtamAM ja zramadharmAMnI vizeSatAne sArI rIte jANI laIe, ke je ene brAhmaNadharmathI judo pADe che. prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRtinA paTa vividharaMgI che, jemAM aneka dharmAM paraparAnA raMga bhaLelA che. AmAM mukhyatve dhyAnamAM AvanArI e dharma paraMparAo te--(1) brAhmaNa (2) zramaNa. A be para'parAnuM pUrvIparapaNuM tema ja enuM sthAna vagere vivAdAspada praznone bAjue rAkhIne ahI to phakta evA muddAonI thoDIka carcA karavAmAM Ave

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jainadharmane prANa che ke je sarvasaMmata jevA che, ane jemanA dvArA zramaNadharmanI mULa dIvAlane oLakhavAnuM ane enI mAraphata nigraMtha ke jainadharmane samajavAnuM saheluM thaI paDe che. brAhmaNa ane zramaNa paraMparAo vacce nAnA-moTA aneka viSayamAM maulika aMtara che; paNa e aMtarane TUMkamAM kahevuM hoya te eTaluM ja kahevuM basa che ke brAhmaNa-vaidika paraMparA vaiSamya upara pratiSThita che, jyAre zramaNa paraMparA sAmya upara pratiSThita che. A vaiSamya ane sAmya mukhyatve traNa bAbatamAM jovAmAM Ave che: (1) samAjaviSayaka (2), sAdhyaviSayaka ane (2) jIva-jagata taraphanI daSTiviSayaka. samAjaviSayaka vaiSamya artha e che ke samAjaracanAmAM tathA dharmAdhikAramAM varNanuM janmasiddha zreSapaNuM ke mukhyapaNuM ane brAhmaNe karatAM bIjA varNonuM UtaratApaNuM ke gauNapaNuM. brAhmaNadharmanuM vAstavika sAdhya che abhyadaya, je aihika samRddhi, rAjya, putra, pazu vagerenA judA judA prakAranA lAbhamAM tathA indrapada, svarganuM sukha vagere judA judA prakAranAM pAralaukika phaLanI prAptimAM samAI jAya che. abhyadayanuM sAdhana mukhyatve yajJadharma eTale ke judA judA prakAranA ya che. A dharmamAM pazu-pakSI vagereno bhoga anivArya mAnavAmAM Avyo che, ane kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke vedavihita hiMsA dharmanuM ja nimitta che. A vidhAnamAM bhoga dharAtA niraparAdhI pazu-pakSI vagere tarapha spaSTa rIte AtmasAmyanA abhAvanI arthAt AtmavaiSamyanI dRSTi rahelI che. AnAthI UlaTuM, uparanI traNe bAbatomAM zramaNadharmanuM sAmya A rIte che: zramadharma samAjamAM koI paNa varNanuM janmasiddha zreSapaNuM na svIkAratAM guNa-karmakRta zreSapaNuM ke kaniSTapaNe mAne che. tethI e samAjaracanA tathA dhama vAsa karatAM bI di rAjya 1. taitti1-11. zAMkarabhASya (pUnA ASTakara kaM) pR. 353. A ja vAta yogasUtra 2-15 vagere tathA enA bhASyamAM kahI che. sAMkhyatattvakaumudImAM paNa e che, je mULa kArikAnuM spaSTIkaraNa mAtra che.

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30 jainadharmane prANa dharmAdhikAramAM janmasiddha varNabhedane Adara na karatAM guNa-karmanA AdhAre ja sAmAjika vyavasthA kare che. eTalA mATe enI daSTie saguNa zadra paNa durguNa brAhmaNa vagerethI zreSTha che; ane dhArmika kSetramAM, gyatAne AdhAre, dareka varNanAM puruSa ke strI samAna rUpe ucca padanAM adhikArI che. zramaNudharmanuM aMtima sAdhya, brAhmaNa dharmanI jema, abhyadaya nahIM paNa niHzreyasa che. niHzreyasane. artha e ke ahika ane pAralaukika aneka prakAranA badhA lAbhane tyAga siddha karavAvALI evI sthiti ke jemAM pUrNa sAmya pragaTa thAya, ane kaI koInAthI ocha ke vadhAre yogya rahevA na pAme. jIvasRSTi taraphanI zramaNadharmanI dRSTi pUrNa AtmasAmyanI che, ke jemAM kevaLa pazu-paMkhI vagere ke kITa-pataMga vagere jaMtuono ja nahIM paraMtu vanaspati jevA atikSudra jIvavargane paNa samAveza thAya che. AmAM kaI paNa dehadhArIne koI paNa kAraNe karavAmAM AvatA vadha Atmavadha jevo ja lekhavAmAM Avyo che ane vadhumAtrane adharmanuM kAraNa mAnavAmAM AvyuM che. brAhmaNa paraMparA mULamAM "brahma"nI AsapAsa zarU thaI ane vikasI che, jyAre zramaNa paraMparA "sama'-sAmya, zama ane zrama-nI AsapAsa zarU thaI tema ja vikasI che. "brahma nA aneka arthomAMthI prAcIna be artha ahIM dhyAna ApavA yogya che: (1) stuti, prArthanA; (2) yajJayAgAdi karma. vaidika maMtro tema ja sUkto dvArA je aneka prakAranI stutio ane prArthanAo karavAmAM Ave che, e "brahAra' kahevAya che. e ja rIte vaidika maMtrone jemAM viniyoga karavAmAM Ave che, te yajJayAgAdi karmane paNa "allana' kahevAmAM Ave che. vaidika maMtro ane sUktone pATha karanAra purohitavarga ane yajJayAgAdi karAvanAra purohitavarga ja brAhmaNa che. vaidika maMtro dvArA karavAmAM AvatI stuti-prArthanA tema ja yajJayAgAdi karmanI atipratiSThAnI sAthe sAthe ja pure hitavarganuM samAjamAM tema ja tatkAlIna dharmamAM

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jainadharmane prANa 31 evuM prAdhAnya sthira thayuM ke jethI e brAhmaNavarga pitAnI jAtane janmathI ja zreSTha mAnavA lAge; ane samAjamAM paNa moTe bhAge e ja mAnyatA sthira thaI, jene AdhAre vargabhedanI mAnyatA rUDha thaI gaI ane kahevAmAM AvyuM ke samAjapuruSanuM mukha brAhmaNa che, ane anya vaNe enAM bIjAM aMga che. AthI UlaTuM, zramaNadharma ema mAnato-manAvatuM hatuM ke samAjamAM badhAMya strI-puruSe satkama tema ja dhamapadanAM ekasarakhAM adhikArI che. je prayatnapUrvaka yogyatA meLave che te, varga ke liMgabheda vagara ja, gurupadane adhikArI banI zake che. jevI rIte A sAmAjika tema ja dhArmika samAnatAnI mAnyatA brAhmaNadharmanI mAnyatAthI sAva viruddha hatI, e ja rIte banenI sAdhyaviSayaka mAnyatA paNa paraspara viruddha hatI. zramaNadharma aihika ke pAralaukika abhyadayane sarvathA heya mAnIne niHzreyasane ja eka mAtra upAdeya tarIke mAnavAvALo hato; ane eTalA ja mATe e sAdhyanI jema sAdhananA sAmya upara paNa eTalo ja bhAra Apato hato. niHyasanAM sAdhanAmAM mukhya ahiMsA che. koI paNa prANInI koI paNa prakAre hiMsA na karavI, e ja niHzreyasanuM mukhya sAdhana che, jemAM anya sarva sAdhano samAveza thaI jAya che. sAdhanamAM rahelI A sAmyadRSTi hiMsApradhAna yajJayAgAdi karmanI dRSTithI sAva viruddha che. A rIte brAhmaNa ane zramaNa vacce vaiSamya ane sAmyamUlaka eTale badhA virodha che ke jene lIdhe bane dharmo vacce Dagale ne pagale saMgharSanI saMbhAvanA rahe che, je hajAra varSanA ItihAsamAM AlekhAyela che. A jUne virodha brAhmaNakALamAM paNa hato ane buddha tema ja mahAvIranA samayamAM tathA e pachI paNa hato. A ja ciraMtana virodhanA pravAhane mahAbhASyakAra pataMjalie pitAnI vANImAM vyakta karyo che. vaiyAkaraNa pANinIe eka sUtramAM zAzvata virodhano nirdeza karyo che. pataMjali zAzvatI-janmasiddha virodha dharAvatAM sApa-Liye, gAya-vAgha jevAM konAM udAharaNa ApatAM ApatAM, sAthosAtha, brAhmaNa-zramaNanuM paNa udAharaNa

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32 jainadharmane prANa Ape che. e sAcuM che ke hajAra prayatna karIe te paNa sApa-LiyA, gAyavAghane virodha nimULa nathI thaI zakata, jyAre, prayatna karavAmAM Ave te, brAhmaNa ane zramaNa vacceno virodha nirmULa thavAno saMbhava che. ane itihAsamAM keTalAka dAkhalA evA maLe paNa che ke jemAM brAhmaNa ane zramaNanI vacce koI paNa prakAranuM vaimanasya ke virodha jevAmAM nathI Avato. paraMtu pataMjalinuM brAhmaNa-zramaNa vaccenA zAzvata virodha saMbaMdhInuM kathana vyaktine anulakSIne nahIM paNa vargane anulakSIne che. keTalIya vyaktio evI hoI zake ke je AvA virodhathI para hAya yA para thaI zakatI hoya, paraMtu samasta brAhmaNavarga yA samasta zramaNavarga A mULabhUta virodhathI para nathI, e ja paMtajalinA kathananuM tAtparya che. "zAzvata' zabdano artha "avicala" na karatAM ahIM prAvAhika" [ -"paraMparAthI cAlyuM AvatuM"] eTale ja abhipreta che. paMtajali pachI aneka zatAbdIo pachI thayelA jaina AcArya hemacaMke 2 paNa brAhmaNa-zramaNanuM udAharaNa ApI paMtajalinA anubhavanI yathAWtA upara maherachApa mArI che. Aje samAjavAdI yugamAM paNa ApaNe e nathI kahI zakatA ke brAhmaNa ane zramaNavarga vaccenA virodhanuM bIja nimLa thayuM che. A samagra virodhanuM mULa, upara sUcavela vaiSamya ane sAmyanI dRSTi vacce rahela pUrva-pazcima jeTaluM aMtara che. ekabIjA upara prabhAva ane samanvaya brAhmaNa ane zramaNa paraMparA ekabIjAnA prabhAvathI sAva alipta rahI nathI; nAnI-meTI bAbatomAM ekano prabhAva bIjA upara ochA-vattA pramANamAM paDelo jovAmAM Ave che. dAkhalA tarIke, zramaNadharmanI sAmyadRSTimUlaka ahiMsAbhAvanAne brAhmaNa paraMparA upara kame kame eTale prabhAva paDyo che ke, jethI yajJIya hiMsAnuM samarthana kevaLa prAcIna zAstrIya carcAone viSaya ja banI gayuM che; vyavahAramAM 1. mahAbhASya 2-4-9, 2. siddhahema 3-1-141.

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jainadharmane prANa 33 vasIya hiMsA lupta jevI thaI gaI che. ahiMsA ane "sarvamUtahite rataH" siddhAMtane pUrNa Agraha rAkhavAvALI sAMkhya, yoga, aupaniSada, avadhUta, sAtvata vagere je paraMparAoe brAhmaNa paraMparAnA prANarUpa vedanA prAmANyo ane brAhmaNavarNanA purahitapadano ke gurupadane AtyaMtika virodha na karyo, e paraMparAo krame krame brAhmaNadharmanA sarvasaMgrAhaka kSetramAM eka yA bIje rUpe bhaLI gaI. AthI UlaTuM, jaina, bauddha vagere je paraMparAoe vedanA prAmANya ane brAhmaNa varNanA gurupadanA virodhane AtyaMtika Agraha sevyo, e paraMparAo jeke hamezane mATe brAhmaNadharmathI judI ja rahI che, chatAM paNa emanAM zAstro tema ja nivRttidharma upara brAhmaNa paraMparAnI lakasaMgrAhaka vRttine eka ke bIjA pe prabhAva jarUra paDyo che. zramaNa paraMparAnA pravartake zramaNa paraMparAnA mULa pravartaka keNa keNa hatA, teo kyAM kyAM ane kyAre thayA, eno yathArtha ane pUro ItihAsa hajI sudhI ajJAta che. paNa ApaNe upalabdha sAhityane AdhAre eTaluM to niHzaMkapaNe kahI zakIe chIe ke nAbhiputra RSabha tathA Adi vidvAna kapila, e sAmyadharmanA jUnA ane prabaLa samarthaka hatA. eTalA mATe ja, emane pUro ItihAsa aMdhakAragrasta hovA chatAM, paurANika paraMparAmAMthI emanuM nAma lupta nathI thayuM. brAhmaNonAM purANamAM RSabhano ullekha ugra tapasvIrUpe che kharo, paNa emanI pUrepUrI pratiSThA to kevaLa jaina paraMparAmAM ja che, jyAre kapilane RSirUpe nirdeza jaina kathA-sAhityamAM hovA chatAM emanI pUrepUrI pratiSThA te sAMkhya paraMparAmAM tathA sAMkhyamUlaka purANa graMthamAM ja che. aSabha ane kapila vagere dvArA je Atmaupamya bhAvanAnI ane emAMthI janmela ahiMsAdharmanI pratiSThA jAmI hatI, e bhAvanA ane e dharmanI piSaka aneka zAkhA prazAkhAo hatI, jemAMnI keIke bAhya tapa upara te kaIke dhyAna upara,

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jainadhama nA prANa 34 tA vaLI kAIka kevaLa citta-zuddhi ke asaMgatA [ -anAsakti ] upara vadhAre bhAra ApatI hatI. paNa badhAnuM samAna dhyeya sAmya ke samatA hatuM. je zAkhAe sAsiddhijanya ahiMsAne siddha karavA mATe aparigraha upara vadhAre bhAra ApyA tema ja agAra-gRha-graMtha ke parigrahaadhananA tyAga upara vadhAre bhAra ApyA, ane kahyuM ke jyAM sudhI kuTuMba tema ja parigrahanuM baMdhana hoya tyAM sudhI pUrNa ahiMsA ke pUrNa sAmya kayAreya siddha na thaI zake, zramadharmanI e ja zAkhA nigraMtha nAme vikhyAta thaI. AnA mukhya pravatA neminAtha tathA pArzvanAtha ja hoya ema lAge che. vItarAgapaNAnA Agraha ahiMsAnI bhAvanAnI sAthe sAthe tapa ane tyAganI bhAvanA anivAya rIte nigraMtha dharmamAM gUMthAI teA gaI ja hatI, paraMtu sAdhakAnAM manamAM e prazna UbhA thayA ke khAdya tyAga upara vadhAre paDatA bhAra ApavAthI zuM Atmazuddhi ke sAmya pUrNa rUpe siddha thaI zake kharAM ? AnA javAbamAMthI ja e vicAra jAgyA ke rAga, dveSa vagere malina vRtti upara vijaya meLavavA, e ja mukhya sAdhya che. je ahiMsA, je tapa ke je tyAgathI A sAdhyanI siddhi na thaI zake e ahiMsA, tapa ke tyAga game tevAM kema na heAya, paNa AdhyAtmika dRSTie e nakAmAM che. A ja vicAranA pravatA 'jina' kahevAvA lAgyA. AvA jina aneka thayA che. saccaka, buddha, geAzAlaka ane mahAvIra, e badhA potapotAnI paraparAmAM jinarUpe prasiddha thayelA che, paraMtu atyAre 'jinakathita jainadhama nuM nAma devAthI mukhyatve mahAvIranA dharmAMnA ja edha thAya che, je mukhyatve rAga-dveSanA vijaya upara ja bhAra Ape che. dhavikAsane tihAsa kahe che ke dharmanI uttarAttara udhyamAM AvavAvALI navI navI avasthAomAM te te dharmanI prAcIna avirAdhI avasthAonA samAveza jarUra thaI jAya che. eTalA mATe ja

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35 jainadharmane prANa jainadharma nibhathadhama paNa che ane zramaNadharma paNa che. zramaNa dharmanI sAmyadaSTi have ApaNe e joIe ke zamaNudharmanA prANarUpa sAmyabhAvanAnuM jaina paraMparAmAM zuM sthAna che ? jaina mRtarUpe prasiddha bAra aMge ke cauda pUrvemAM sAmArU - sAmAci nuM sthAna paheluM che, je AcArAMgasUtra' kahevAya che. jainadharmanA chellA tIrthakara mahAvIranA AcAra-vicAronuM sIdhuM ane spaSTa pratibiMba mukhyatve e sUtramAM ja jovA maLe che. emAM je kaMI kahevAmAM AvyuM che, e badhAyamAM sAmya, samatA ke sama upara ja pUrepUro bhAra ApavAmAM Avyo che. "sAmApha" e prAkRta ke mAgadhI zabdano saMbaMdha sAmya, samatA ke sama sAthe che. sAmyadRSTimUlaka ane sAmyadRSTipiSaka je je AcAra-vicAra hoya e badhA sAmA-sAmAyikarUpe jaina paraMparAmAM sthAna pAme che. jevI rIte brAhmaNa paraMparAmAM saMdhyA eka Avazyaka karma che, e ja rIte jaina paraMparAmAM gRhastha ane tyAgI badhAne mATe cha Avazyaka karma jaNAvavAmAM AvyAM che, jemAM mukhya sAmagaphaya che. je sAmAIya na hoya te anya koI Avazyaka sArthaka nathI thatuM. gRhastha ke tyAgI tipitAnA adhikAra pramANe jyAre jyAre dhArmika jIvanane svIkAra kare che tyAre tyAre e " imate sAmA" evI pratijJA kare che. eno artha e che ke "he bhagavana ! huM samatA ke samabhAvano svIkAra karuM chuM." A samatAnuM vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa pachInA bIjA padamAM karavAmAM AvyuM che. emAM kahyuM che ke huM sAvadya yoga arthAta pApavyApArane yathAzakti tyAga karuM chuM. "sAmA' nI AvI pratiSThA hovAne lIdhe sAtamI sadInA prasiddha vidvAna jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNe enA upara "vizeSAvazyakabhASya" nAmano ativistRta graMtha lakhIne batAvyuM che ke dharmanA aMgarUpa zraddhA, jJAna ane cAritra, e traNeya mArUca' che.

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jainadharmanA prANa 36 sArI vIratAnA saMbaMdhamAM jainadharmI, gItA ane gAMdhIjI sAMkhya, yAga ane bhAgavata jevI anya paraMparAmAM pUrvakALathI sAmyadRSTinI je pratiSThA hatI ene ja AdhAra laI te bhagavadgItAkAre gItAnI racanA karI che. tethI ja ApaNe gItAmAM ThekaThekANe samadarzI, sAmya, samatA jevA zabdo dvArA sAmyadaSTinuM ja samana thatuM joI e chIe. gItA ane AcArAMganI sAmyabhAvanA mULamAM eka ja che, Ama chatAM e, para parAbhedane lIdhe, khIjI khIjI bhAvanAe sAthe maLI jaI te judI thaI gaI che. arjunane sAmyabhAvanAnA prabaLa Avega thaI AvyA eve vakhate paNa gItA ene bhikSuka tarIkenuM jIvana svIkAratAM zake che, ane zastrayuddhatA Adeza Ape che; jyAre AcArAMgasUtra arjunane evA Adeza na ApatAM e ja kahe ke jo tame sAcesAca kSatriya vIra hA te sAmyaSTi prApta thatAM hiMsaka yuddha na karI zakA, balke bhikSukajIvananA svIkAra karavA pUrvaka AdhyAtmika zatrunI sAthe sAcuM kSatriyapaNuM sAbita karI zake che. prakAza pADatI bharata-bAhubalInI kathA jaina che, jemAM kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke sahAdara bharata taraphathI ugra prahAra pAmyA pachI bAhubalIe jyAre pratikArane mATe hAtha ugAmyo eja vakhate samabhAvanI vRtti pragaTa thaI. e vRttinA AvegamAM bAhubalIe bhikSukajIvanane svIkAra karyAM; paNa sAmeA prahAra karIne na tA bharatanA prahAranA badlA cUkavyA ke na eNe potAne nyAyayukta rAjyabhAga levAnA vicAra karyAM. gAMdhIjIe gItA ane AcArAMga vageremAM pratipAdita sAmyabhAvane peAtAnA jIvanamAM yathArtha rUpe vikasita karyAM ane enA AdhAre kahyuM ke mAnavasaMhAraka yuddhane teA tyAga kareA, paNa sAmya ke cittazuddhinA AdhAre ja anyAyanA pratikArane mA` paNa yuddha karIne ja A kathana upara sAhityamAM prasiddha 1. AcArAMga 1-5-3.

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jainadharmanA prANa grahaNa kare. prAcIna sanyAsa ke tyAgI jIvananA AvA avikAsanI gAMdhIjIe samAjamAM pratiSThA karI. sAbhyadRSTi ane anekAMtavAda k jaina paraparAe sAmyadaSTi upara eTale badhe bhAra ApyA che ke eNe sAmyadRSTine ja brAhmaNa paraMparAmAM jetI khUba pratiSThA che te mama tarIke oLakhAvIne sAmyadraSTinA peSaka samasta AcAra-vicArane prAcarca '- temanepha' 'nuM nAma ApyuM che, jevI rIte bauddha para parAe maitrI vagere bhAvanAone 'traAAra 'tu nAma ApyuM che. eTaluM ja nahIM paNa dhammapada ane zAMtiparvanI jema jainagraMthamAMra paNa samatva dhAraNa karanAra zramaNane ja brAhmaNa kahIne zramaNa ane brAhmaNa vaccenu aMtara dUra karavA prayatna karyo che. jaina para parAmAM sAmyadaSTi mukhyatve be prakAre pragaTa thaI che H (1) AcAramAM ane (ra) vicAramAM. jainadharmane bAhya-AbhyaMtara, sthUla-sUkSma badhA AcAra sAmyadRSTimUlaka ahiMsAne kendramAM rAkhIne enI AsapAsa racAyeA che. je AcAra dvArA ahiMsAnI rakSA ane puSTi na thatI hoya evA kAI paNa AcArane jaina paraMparA mAnya nathI rAkhatI. joke badhI dhArmika para parAe ahisA tattva upara thoDA-jhAjhA bhAra dIdhA che, paNa jaina paraMparAe e tattva upara jeTale bhAra dIdhA che, ane e tattvane jeTaluM vyApaka anAvyuM che, eTale bhAra ane eTalI vyApakatA khIjI kAI paraMparAmAM jovAmAM nathI AvatAM. manuSya, pazu-pakSI, kITa-pataMga ane vanaspati ja nahIM, balke AtmaupamyanI bhAvanA dvArA pRthvI, pANI vagerenA sUkSmamAM sUkSma jaMtuo sudhdhAMnI hiMsAthI paNa nivRtta thavAnuM kahevAmAM AvyuM che. 1. brAhmaNu vaga 26, 2. uttarAdhyayana 25. 37

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jainadharmano prANa vicAramAM sAmyadRSTinI bhAvanA upara je bhAra ApavAmAM Avyo che emAMthI ja anekAMtadaSTi ke vibhajyavAdane janma thayo che. kevaLa pitAnI dRSTi ke vicArasaraNIne ja pUrNa aMtima satyarUpa mAnIne eno Agraha rAkhavo, tethI sAmyadRSTine ghAta thAya che. tethI kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke bIjAonI daSTino paNa eTale ja Adara karavo joIe ke jeTale potAnI dRSTino. A sAmyadaSTi ja anekAMtavAdanI bhUmikA che. A bhUmikAmAMthI ja bhASApradhAna syAdAda ane vicArapradhAna nayavAdana krame krame vikAsa thayo che. evuM nathI ke bIjI paraMparAomAM anekAMtadaSTine sthAna ja nathI. mImAMsaka ane kapiladarzana-sAMkhyadarzana uparAMta nyAyadarzanamAM paNa anekAMtavAdanuM sthAna che. buddha bhagavAnano vibhajyavAda ane madhyamamArga paNa anekAMtadaSTinAM ja phaLa che, Ama chatAM jaina paraMparAo jema ahiMsA upara ghaNo vadhAre bhAra Apyo che, e ja rIte eNe anekAMtadaSTi upara paNa ghaNuM vadhAre bhAra dIdhuM che. tethI jaina paraMparAmAM AcAra ke vicArane evo koI viSaya dekhAto nathI ke jenI sAthe anekAMtadaSTi joDavAmAM na AvI hoya athavA je anekAMtadaSTinI maryAdAthI bahAra hoya. ene lIdhe ja bIjI bIjI paraMparAonA vidvAnoe anekAMtadaSTine mAnavA chatAM enA upara svataMtra sAhityanI racanA nathI karI, jyAre jaina paraMparAnA vidvAnoe enA aMgarUpa syAdvAda, nayavAda AdinA bodhaka ane samarthaka vipula svataMtra sAhityanuM sarjana karyuM che. ahiMsA hiMsAthI nivRtta thavuM e ja ahiMsA che. jyAM lagI hiMsA konI thAya che, tathA hiMsA koNa ane kayA kAraNe kare che, ane enuM pariNAma zuM Ave che, e na samajAvAya tyAM lagI A vAta pUrepUrI samajavAmAM nathI AvatI. A ja praznane spaSTa rUpe samajA

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jainadharmane prANa vavAnI dRSTie jaina paraMparAmAM mukhyatve cAra vidyAono vikAsa thaye cheH (1) AtmavidyA, (2) karmavidyA, (3) cAritravidyA ane (4) lekavidyA. e ja rIte anekAMtadaSTi dvArA mukhyatve zrutavidyA ane pramANavidyAnuM ja nirmANa ane piSaNa thayuM che. A rIte ahiMsA, anekAMta ane emAMthI janmelI vidyAo ja jainadharmane prANa che, jenA upara AgaLa saMkSepamAM vicAra karavAmAM Ave che. AtmavidyA ane utkrAMtivAda ) pratyeka AtmA-pachI e pRthvIne haya, pANIne hoya, vanaspatine haya, kITa-pataMga ke pazu-pakSIrUpa hoya ke manuSyarUpa haya, e badhA-tAtvika dRSTie samAna che.7 jaina AtmavidyAne A ja sAra che. samAnatAnA A saiddhAtika vicArane amala karavo-ene yathAsaMbhava jIvananA pratyeka kSetramAM utAravAno apramattabhAve prayatna karavo-e ja ahiMsA che. AtmavidyA kahe che ke je sAmyane anubhava jIvanavyavahAramAM na thAya te AtmasAmyano siddhAMta kevaLa vAda mAtra ja che. samAnatAnA siddhAMtane amalI banAvavA mATe AcArAMgasUtranA bIjA adhyayananA 80-96-97mAM sUtromAM kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke jevI rIte tame pitAnA duHkhane anubhava kare che, evI ja rIte bIjAnA duHkhano anubhava karo. arthAta bIjAnA duHkhanuM pitAnA duHkharUpe saMvedana na thAya te ahiMsA siddha thavAno saMbhava nathI.' jevI rIte AtmasamAnatAnA tAtvika vicAramAMthI ahiMsAnA AcAranuM samarthana karavAmAM AvyuM che, e ja rIte e vicAramAMthI ja jaina paraMparAmAM e paNa AdhyAtmika maMtavya phalita thayuM che ke jIvamAM rahela zArIrika, mAnasika vagere vaiSamya game teTaluM kema na heya, paNa e bahArathI AveluM-karmajanya che, vAstavika nathI. tethI

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40 jainadharmane prANa vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv kSudramAM kSudra avasthAmAM rahele jIva paNa kyAreka mAnavakeTimAM AvI zake che ane mAnavakeTimAM rahele jIva paNa zudramAM zuddha vanaspati avasthAmAM jaI zake che, eTaluM ja nahIM paNa vanaspatine jIva vikAsa dvArA, manuSyanI jema, kyAreka baMdhanamukta paNa thaI zake che. UMcanIca gati ke nine tema ja sarvathA muktino AdhAra eka mAtra karma che. jevuM karma jevA saMskAra ke jevI vAsanA evI ja AtmAnI avasthA, paNa tAvika rUpe badhA AtmAonuM svarUpa sarvathA eka jevuM che, je kamarahita avasthAmAM pUrNa rUpe pragaTa thAya che. A ja AtmasAmyamUlaka utkrAMtivAda che. sAMkhya, yoga, bauddha vagere daitavAdI ahiMsA samarthaka paraMparAona bIjI bIjI bAbatamAM jaina paraMparA sAthe game te matabheda hoya, paNa ahiMsApradhAna AcAra tathA utkrAMtivAdanI bAbatamAM badhAne pUrepUre ekamata che. AtmAdvaitavAdI aupaniSada paraMparA ahiMsAnuM samarthana samAnatAnA siddhAMtane AdhAre nahIM paNa adaitanA siddhAMtane AdhAre kare che. enuM kahevuM ema che ke tattva rUpe jevA tame evA ja bIjA badhA jIva zuddha brahma-eka brahma-rUpa che. ane je paraspara bheda dekhAya che e vAstavika nahIM paNa avidyAmUlaka che. tethI bIjA jIne pitAthI abhinna ja samajavA joIe ane bIjAnA du:khane pitAnuM duHkha samajIne hiMsAthI nivRtta thavuM joIe. daitavAdI jaina vagere paraMparAo ane adaitavAdI paraMparA vacce phakta eTaluM ja aMtara che ke pahelI paraMparAo pratyeka jIvAtmAne vAstavika bheda mAnavA chatAM paNa e badhAmAM tAtvika rUpe samAnatAne svIkAra karIne ahiMsAnuM u dhana kare che, jyAre advaita paraMparA jIvAtmAonA parasparanA bhedane ja mithyA mAnIne emanAmAM tAtvika rUpe pUrNa abheda mAnIne ene AdhAre ahiMsAnuM udhana kare che. advaita paraMparA pramANe judI judI yoni ane judI judI gativALA

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jainadharmane prANa 41 jIvomAM dekhAtA bhedanuM mULa adhikAna [arthAta upAdAna kAraNa eka, zuddha, akhaMDa brahma che; jyAre jaina jevI daitavAdI paraMparAo pramANe pratyeka jIvAtmA tatvarUpe svataMtra ane zuddha brahma che. eka paraMparA pramANe akhaMDa eka brahmamAMthI judA judA jIvonI sRSTi pedA thaI che; jyAre bIjI paraMparA pramANe judA judA svataMtra ane samAna aneka zuddha brahma ja aneka jIva che. daMtamUlaka samAnatAnA siddhAMtamAMthI ja advaitamUlaka ekyano siddhAMta krame krame vikasita thayo hoya ema lAge che, paraMtu ahiMsA AcAra ane AdhyAtmika utkrAMtivAda adaitavAdamAM paNa daitavAdanA vicAranI jema ja ghaTAvavAmAM Avyo che. vAda game te hoya, paNa ahiMsAnI dRSTie mahattvanI vAta eka ja che ke bIjA jIvonI sAthe samAnatA ke abhedanuM vAstavika saMvedana thavuM e ja ahiMsAnI bhAvanAne udgama che. kamavidyA ane baMdha-mela - jyAre tAtvika rIte badhA jIvAtmA samAna che, to pachI emanAmAM paraspara vaivamya zA mATe tathA eka ja jIvAtmAmAM paNa kALabhede vaiSamya zA mATe ? A savAlanA javAbamAMthI ja karmavidyAno janma thayo che. jevuM kAma evI avasthA, e mAnyatA vaiSamyano khulAso karI de che, paNa sAthe ja sAthe e ema paNa kahe che ke kharAba ke sAruM karma karavAmAM tema ja na karavAmAM jIva svataMtra ja che; e jevo cAhe te sAro ke kharAba puruSArtha karI zake che, ane e ja potAnA vartamAna ane bhAvIne nirmAtA che. karmavAda kahe che ke vartamAnanuM nirmANa bhUtane AdhAre ane bhaviSyanuM nirmANa vartamAnane AdhAre thAya che. traNe kALanI paraspara saMgati karmavAda upara ja avalaMbita che. A ja punarjanmanA vicArane AdhAra che.) kharI rIte ajJAna ane rAga-dveSa ja karma che. pitAnAnI ane pArakAnI vAstavika pratIti na thavI e ajJAna athavA, jaina paraMparA

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jainadhama nA prANa 42 pramANe, danamAha che. A vAtane sAMkhya, bauddha vagere anya para MparAAmAM avidyA kahela che. ajJAnajanita dRSTa-aniSTanI kalpanAone kAraNe je je vRttio ke je jevikArA pedA thAya che ene ja TUMkAmAM rAga-dveSa kahevAmAM AvyA che. joke rAga-dveSa ja hiMsAnA preraka che, paNa kharI rIte badhAnuM mULa ajJAna-danameAha ke avidyA ja che; eTalA mATe hiMsAnu` kharuM mULa ajJAna ja che. A bAbatamAM AtmavAdI badhI paraparAe ekamata che. upara kanu je svarUpa darzAvyuM che tene jaina paribhASAmAM bhAva-ka'' kahe che, ane te AtmAmAM rahela saMskAravizeSa che. A bhAvaka AtmAnI AsapAsa sadaiva vyApI rahelAM sUkSmAtisUkSma bhautika paramANune AkarSe che; ane ene viziSTa rUpa arpaNa kare che. viziSTa rUpane pAmela A bhautika paramANuone puMja ja dravyakama ke kANu zarIra kahevAya che, je janmAMtaramAM jIvanI sAthe jAya che ane sthULa zarIranA nirmANanI bhUmikA bane che. upara uparathI jotAM ema lAge che ke dravyaka`nA vicAra jaina paraMparAnI kavidyAmAM che, paNa anya paraMparAonI karravidyAmAM e nathI; paNa. jhINavaTathI jonAra jANI zake che ke kharI rIte evuM nathI. sAMkhyaceAga, vedAMta vagere paraMparAomAM janmajanmAMtaramAM sAthe rahenAra sUkSma zarIra ke liMgazarIranuM vana che. A zarIra aMtaHkaraNa, abhimAna, mana vagere prAkRta-prakRtijanya ke mAyika tattvonuM baneluM mAnavAmAM AvyuM che, je vAstavika rIte jaina paraparAe mAnela bhautika kANu zarIranA ja sthAne che. sUkSma ke kANu zarIranI mULa kalpanA ekaH ja che. emAM aMtara hoya te te enA vananA prakAramAM ane ochA-vadhu vistAramAM tema ja vargIkaraNamAM che, je hajArA varSathI bhinna bhinna rIte vicAra-ciMtana karanArI para parAmAM anavuM svAbhAvika che. A rIte ApaNe joI e chIe ke AtmavAdI adhI paraparAmAM punarjanmanA kAraNarUpe katattvanA svIkAra karavAmAM

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jainadharmano prANa 43 Avyo che ane janmajanmAMtaramAM sAthe janAra bhautika zarIrarUpa dravyakarmano paNa svIkAra karavAmAM Avyo che. nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA, jemAM AvA sUkSma zarIrano kaI khAsa svIkAra karavAmAM nathI. Avyo, eNe paNa janmajanmAMtaramAM janAra aNurUpa manane svIkAra karIne dravyakarmanA vicArane apanAvyo che. punarjanma ane karmanI mAnyatAnI pachI jyAre mokSanI kalpanA paNa tatvaciMtanamAM sthira thaI tyArathI atyAra sudhInI baMdha-mokSavAdI bhAratIya tatvaciMtakanI AtmAnA svarUpa saMbaMdhI mAnyatAo kevI kevI che ane emAM vikAsakramanI dRSTie jaina maMtavyanA svarUpanuM zuM sthAna che, ene samajavA sAru TUMkANamAM baMdha-mekSavAdI mukhya mukhya badhI paraMparAonAM maMtavyo nIce ApavAmAM Ave che - (1) jaina paraMparA mujaba pratyeka zarIramAM jude jude AtmA che. e pite zubhAzubha karmane kartA ane karmanA phaLa-sukha, duHkha vagere- bhoktA che. e janmAMtara vakhate bIjA sthAnamAM jAya che ane sthULa deha pramANe saMkoca ke vistArane dhAraNa kare che. e ja muktine pAme che ane mokSakALamAM sAMsArika sukha-duHkha, jJAna-ajJAna vagere zubha-azubha karma vagere bhAvathI sarvathA mukta banI jAya che. (2) sAMkhyoga paraMparA pramANe AtmA bhinna bhinna che, paNa e phUTatha ane vyApaka hovAne lIdhe na te karmane kartA, bhaktA, janmAMtaramAM janAra, gatizIla che ke na to muktigAmI ja che. e paraMparA pramANe te prAkRta buddhi ke aMtaHkaraNa ja kamanuM kartA, bhoktA, janmAMtaragAmI, saMkeca-vistArazIla, jJAna-ajJAna vagere bhAnuM AdhAra ane muktikALamAM e bhAvathI rahita che. sAMkhyayoga paraMparA aMtaHkaraNanA baMdha-mokSane ja upacArathI puruSanA mAnI le che. (3) nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA pramANe AtmA aneka che, ene

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jainadharmane prANa sAMkhyayoganI jema phUTastha ane vyApaka mAnavAmAM Avyo che, chatAM ene jaina paraMparAnI jema vAstavika rUpe kartA, bhoktA, baddha ane mukta paNa mAnavAmAM Avyo che. (4) atavAdI vedAMta pramANe AtmA kharI rIte judA judA nahIM paNa eka ja che. e sAMkhya-yoganI jema phUTastha ane vyApaka che, eTale vAstavika rIte na te e baddha che ke na to mukta. emAM aMtaHkaraNanA ja baMdhamokSane upacArathI mAnavAmAM AvyA che. (5) bauddha mata pramANe AtmA ke citta aneka che; e ja kartA, bhoktA, baMdha ane nirvANanuM Azraya che. e na to phUTastha che, na vyApaka; e kevaLa jJAnakSaNaparaMparArUpa che, je hRdaya, Ikriya jevAM aneka kendromAM ekIsAthe ke kramazaH nimitta pramANe utpanna ane naSTa thatuM rahe che. upara Apela saMkSipta varNana uparathI e spaSTa rUpe sUcita thAya che ke jaina paraMparAsaMmata AtmavirU5, e baMdha-mokSanA tatvaciMtakanI kalpanAnuM anubhavamUlaka prAcIna rUpa che, sAMkhyayogasaMmata AtmasvarUpa, e e tatvaciMtakanI kalpanAnI bIjI bhUmikA che. advaitavAdasaMmata AtmasvarUpa sAMkhya-yoganI javabahuviSayaka kalpanAnuM eka rIte parimArjana mAtra che, jyAre nyAya-vaizeSika saMmata AtmasvarUpa jaina ane sAMkhyayoganI kalpanAnuM mizraNa ja che. bauddhasaMmata AtmasvarUpa jaina kalpanAnuM ja tarkazodhita rUpa che. cAritravidyA AtmA ane karmanA svarUpane jANyA pachI ja e jANI zakAya che ke AdhyAtmika utkrAMtimAM cAritranuM zuM sthAna che. mokSa tatvanA ciMtako pramANe cAritrane uddeza AtmAne karmathI mukta karavo e ja che. cAritra dvArA karmathI mukti mAnI lIdhA pachI paNa e prazna te AkI rahe ja che ke svabhAvathI zuddha evA AtmAnI sAthe pahelavahelAM

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jainadharmane prANa 45 karmano saMbaMdha kyAre ane zA mATe thayela, athavA evo saMbaMdha keNe karyo? e ja rIte e prazna paNa Ubho thAya che ke svabhAvathI zuddha evA AtmatatvanI sAthe je koI ne kaI rIte karmano saMbaMdha thayela. mAnavAmAM Ave te cAritra dvArA mukti prApta thayA pachI paNa pharI karmano saMbaMdha kema nahIM thAya ? A be praznone javAba badhAya AdhyAtmika ciMtakoe lagabhaga ekasarakhe ja Apyo che. sAMkhya yoga heya ke vedAMta, nyAya-vaizeSika hoya ke bauddha, e badhAMya darzananI jema, jaina darzananuM paNa e ja maMtavya che ke karma ane AtmAne saMbaMdha anAdi che, kAraNa ke e saMbaMdhanI pahelI kSaNa jJAnanI sImAnI sarvathA. bahAra che. badhAe ema mAnyuM che ke AtmAnI sAthe karma, avidyA. ke mAyAno saMbaMdha pravAharUpe anAdi che, Ama chatAM vyaktirUpe e saMbaMdha sAdi che, kAraNa ke ApaNuM saune evo anubhava che ke ajJAna ane rAga-dveSathI ja jIvamAM karmavAsanAnI utpatti thatI rahe che. kama sarvathA chUTI gayA pachI AtmAnuM je pUrNa zuddha rUpe pragaTa thAya che, emAM pharI kama ke vAsanA utpanna kema nathI thatAM ene khulAse. tarkavAdI AdhyAtmika ciMtakoe evo karyo che ke AtmA svabhAve zuddhine pakSapAtI che. zuddhi dvArA cetanA vagere svAbhAvika guNone pUrNa vikAsa thayA pachI ajJAna ke rAga-dveSa jevA deze mULathI ja naSTa thaI jAya che, arthAta prayatnapUrvaka zuddhine pAmela AtmatatvamAM pitAnuM sthAna meLavavAmAM e deSo sarvathA nirbaLa banI jAya che. cAritranuM kAma jIvana gata vaiSamyanAM kAraNone dUra karavAM, e che, jene jaina paribhASAmAM "saMvara' kahe che. vaiSamyanA mULa kAraNa ajJAnanuM nivAraNa AtmAnI samyapha pratItithI thAya che, ane rAga-dveSa jevA kalezonuM nivAraNa mAdhyathyanI siddhithI. eTalA mATe AMtara cAritramAM be ja bAbato Ave che: (1) AtmajJAna- vikhyAti; (2) mAdhyazya ke rAga-dveSa Adi kalezane vijaya. dhyAna, vrata, niyama,

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jainadharmanA prANa 46 tapa vagere je je upAye AMtara cAritranA pASaka bane che e ja sAdhakane mATe bAhya cAritrarUpe svIkAravA ceAgya manAyA che. AdhyAtmika jIvananI utkrAMti AMtara cAritranA vikAsa upara AdhAra rAkhe che. A vikAsakramanu guNasthAnarUpe jaina paraparAmAM khUba vizada ane vistRta varNana maLe che. AdhyAtmika utkrAMtikramanA jijJAsuene mATe yeAgazAstramAM prasiddha madhumatI vagere bhUmikAonu, bauddhazAstramAM prasiddha sAtApanna Adi bhUmikAonu', yeAgavAsiSThamAM prasiddha ajJAna ane jJAna bhUmikAenuM, Avaka-paraMparAmAM prasiddha mabhUmi vagere bhUmikAenuM ane jaina para parAprasiddha guNasthAnAnuM tathA yAgadRSTinu tulanAtmaka adhyayana khUba rasaprada tema ja upayAgI che; enuM vana ahIM karavuM saMbhavita nathI. jijJAsu khIje pragaTa thayela lekhA uparathI e jANI zake che. ahIM e cauda guNasthAneAnuM vana na karatAM saMkSepamAM traNa bhUmikAonA ja paricaya ApuM hyuM ke jemAM guNasthAnene samAveza thaI jAya che. pahelI bhUmikA che, ahirAbhA-jemAM AtmajJAna ke vivekakhyAtinA udaya ja nathI thatA. khIjI bhUmikA aMtarAtmA che, jemAM AtmajJAnanA uya to thAya che, paNa rAga-dveSa vagere kalezA mada thavA chatAM paNa pAtAnA prabhAva batAvatA rahe che. trIjI bhUmikA che paramAtmA. AmAM rAga-dveSane pUrNa uccheda thavAthI vItarAgapaNuM pragaTa thAya che. lAkavidyA lokavidyAmAM lokanA svarUpanuM varNana Ave che. jIva-cetana ane ajIva-acetana ke jaDa, e e tattvAne sahacAra e ja lAka che. cetana-acetana ane tattvane na te kAI e kayAreya pedA karyA che OM na kayAreya e nAza pAme che; chatAM paNa e svabhAvathI judAM judAM "" 1. juo " bhAratIya dazaneAmAM AdhyAtmika vikAsakrama " lekha, purA tattva 1, pR. 149,

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jainadharmanA prANa 47 pariNAme pAmatAM rahe che. saMsArakALamAM cetana upara vadhu prabhAva pADanAruM dravya ekamAtra jaDa paramANumuMja che, je judA judA rUpe cetananA saparkamAM Ave che, ane enI zaktione maryAdita paNa kare che. cetanatattvanI sAhajika ane maulika zaktie evI che ke je ceAgya dizA meLavIne kayAreka ne kayAreka e jaDa dravyeAnA prabhAvathI ene mukta paNa karI de che. jaDa ane cetananA pArasparika prabhAvanuM kSetra ja lAka che; ane e prabhAvathI chuTakAro meLavavA e ja leAkAMta che. jaina paraparAnI leAkakSetraviSayaka kalpanA sAMkhyayeAga, purANu ane baudda vagere para parAonI kalpanA sAthe aneka aMze maLatI che. jaina paraMparA, nyAya-vaizeSikanI jema, paramANuvAdI che, sAMkhya yoganI jema prakRtivAdI nathI; teApaNu jaina paraMparAsaMmata paramANunu svarUpe sAMkhyapara parAsaMmata prakRtinA svarUpanI sAthe jevuM maLatuM che evu nyAya-vaizeSikasaMmata paramANunA svarUpa sAthe maLatuM nathI, kAraNa ke jainasaMmata paramANu sAMkhyasabhata prakRtinI jema pariNAmI che, nyAyavaizeSikasaMmata paramANunI jema phUTastha nathI. eTalA ja mATe sAMkhyasauMmata eka ja prakRti jema pRthvI, pANI, prakAza, pavana vagere aneka bhautika sRSTinuM upAdAna bane che evI ja rIte jainasaMmata eka ja paramANu pRthvI, pANI, prakAza Adi judA judA rUpe pariNata thAya che. jaina paraMparA, nyAya-nairoSikanI jema, ema nathI mAnatI ke pRthvI, pANI vagerenA bhautika paramANu mULamAM ja hamezAM bhinna jAtinA che. A uparAMta eka khIjAM paNu aMtara dhyAnamAM levA jevuM che. te e ke jainasaMmata paramANu vaizeSikasaMmata paramANu karatAM eTale vadhAre sUkSma che ke aMte e sAMkhyasaMmata prakRtinI jevA ja avyakta banI jAya che. jaina paraMparAneA anaMtaparamANuvAda prAcIna sAMkhyasaMmata puruSabahutvAnurUpa prakRtibahutvavAdathI dUra nathI. 1 1. daza nasamuccaya, guNaratna TIkA rR. 99.

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48 jainadharmane prANa jaina mata ane Izvara - jaina paraMparA sAMkhyayoga, mImAMsaka vagere paraMparAonI jema lakane pravAharUpe anAdi ane anaMta mAne che, e parANika ke vaizeSika matanI jema enAM utpatti ane vinAza nathI mAnatI, tethI jeine paraMparAmAM kartA-saMhartA rUpe Izvara jevI svataMtra vyaktinuM kaI sthAna ja nathI. jaina siddhAMta kahe che ke pratyeka jIva pitApitAnI sRSTino pite ja kartA che. enA siddhAMta pramANe, tAtvika dRSTie, pratyeka jIvamAM IzvarapaNuM raheluM che, je muktinA samaye pragaTa thAya che. jenuM IzvarapaNuM pragaTa thayuM e ja sAdhAraNa lokone mATe upAsya banI jAya che. rogazAstrasaMmata Izvara paNa kevaLa upAsya che, kartA, saMhartA nathI, paNa jaina ane yogazAstranI kalpanAmAM aMtara che. te e ke gazAstrasaMmata Izvara sadA mukata hovAne lIdhe bIjA puruSothI judI kaTine che, jyAre jainazAstrasaMmata Izvara evo nathI. jainazAstranuM kahevuM che ke IzvarapaNuM prayatnasAdhya hovAthI harakoI gya sAdhaka ene meLavI zake che, ane badhAya mukta che samAnapaNe Izvara rUpe upAsya che. zutavidyA ane pramANavidyA prAcIna samayanA ane potAnA samaya sudhImAM jJAta evA anya vicArakonA vicArone tema ja svAnubhavamUlaka pitAnA vicArane satyalakSI saMgraha, e ja mRtavidyA che. mRtavidyAnuM dhyeya e che ke satyasparzI koI paNa vicAra ke vicArasaraNInI avagaNanA ke upekSA na thAya. ene lIdhe ja jaina paraMparAnI mRtavidyA navI navI vidyAonA vikAsanI sAthe vikasita thatI rahI che. e kAraNe ja mRtavidyAmAM saMgrahanayarUpe jyAM pahelAM sAMkhyasaMmata sadata levAmAM AvyuM tyAM ja brahmAtanA vicAra-vikAsa pachI, saMgrahAyarUpe brabhAta vicAre paNa sthAna prApta karyuM che. e ja rIte jyAM RjusUtranayarUpe

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jainadharmanA prANa 49 prAcIna bauddha kSaNikavAda saMgrahIta thayA che, tyAM ja, te pachInA mahAyAnI vikAsanI pachI, RNusUtranayarUpe vaibhASika, sautrAntika, vijJAnavAda ane zUnyavAda, e cAre prasiddha bauddhazAkhAonA saMgraha thayeA che. anekAMtadRSTinu kArya kSetra eTalu badhu vyApaka che ke emAM mAnavajIvanane hitakArI evI badhI laukika-leAkeAttara vidyAe peAtapeAtAnu yeAgya sthAna prApta karI le che. tethI ja jaina zrutavidyAmAM leAkeAttara vidyAo uparAMta laukika vidyAee paNa sthAna prApta karyu che. pramANavidyAmAM pratyakSa, anumiti vagere jJAnanA badhAya prakArAnu, emanAM sAdhanAnuM tathA enA baLAbaLanu savistara vivaraNa Ave che. emAM paNa anekAMtaSTinA evA upayAga karavAmAM AvyA che ke jethI kAI paNa tattvaciMtakanA yathA vicAranI avagaNanA ke upekSA nathI thatI; UlaTu jJAna ane enAM sAdhanA sAthe sabaMdha dharAvatA badhAya jJAna-vicArAne yathAvat viniyeAga karavAmAM Avye che. ahI sudhInuM vana jaina para parAnA prANurUpa ahiMsA ane anekAMtanI sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve che. jevI rIte zarIra vagara prANanu rahevuM asaMbhava che, evI ja rIte dharmazarIra vagara dha`prANu TakI rahevuM paNa asabhava che. jaina paraMparAnuM dharmAMzarIra paNa saMdharacanA, sAhitya, tI, madira vagere dharmAMsthAnA, zilpasthApatya, upAsanAvidhi, graMthanA saMgraha dharAvatA bhaDArA vagere aneka rUpe vidyamAna che. [daauci. khaM 2, pR0 116-131]

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nigraMtha saMpradAyanI prAcInatA mukhya zramaNa saMpradAya ane tenI oLakha brAhmaNa ke vaidika dharmanuyAyI saMpradAyane vidhI saMpradAya, zramaNa saMpradAya kahevAya che, je bhAratamAM ghaNe bhAge vaidika saMpradAyanA pravezanI pahelAMthI ja, keI ne koI rUpamAM ane koIne koI pradezamAM avazya astitva dharAvato hato. zramaNa saMpradAyanI zAkhAo ane prazAkhAo aneka hatI, jemAM sAMkhya, jaina, bauddha, AjIvaka vagerenAM nAma jANItAM che. zramaNa saMpradAyanI prAcIna aneka zAkhAo ane prazAkhAo evI hatI ke je pahelAM te vaidika saMpradAyanI sAva virodhI hatI, paNa dhIme dhIme e, eka yA bIje kAraNe, vaidika saMpradAyamAM haLImaLI gaI hatI. dAkhalA tarIke ApaNe vaiSNava ane ziva saMpradAyanAM nAma daI zakIe. prAcIna vaiSNava ane zaiva Aga vaidika saMpradAyathI kevaLa bhinna hatA eTaluM ja nahIM, paNa eno virodha sudhdhAM karatA hatA. ane eTalA mATe vaidika saMpradAyanA samarthaka AcAryo paNa prAcIna vaiSNava ane zaiva Agamone vedavirodhI mAnIne emane vedabAhya mAnatA hatA; paNa atyAre, ApaNe joI zakIe chIe ke, e ja vaiSNava ane ziva saMpradAye tathA emanI aneka zAkhAo bilakula vaidika saMpradAyamAM maLI gaI che. A ja sthiti sAMkhya saMpradAyanI che, je pahelAM avedika manAtuM hatuM, paNa atyAre vaidika manAya che. Ama

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nigraMtha sapradAyanI prAcInatA hovA chatAM keTalAka zramaNa saMpradAyeA hajI paNa evA che ke jee pote peAtAnI jAtane a-vaidika ja mAne-manAve che, ane vaidika vidvAne paNa emane avaidika ja mAne che. A saMpradAyAmAM jaina ane bauddha mukhya che. zramaNa saMpradAyanI sAmAnya ane saMkSipta oLakhANa e che e na tA apauruSeya-anAdi rUpe ke Izvararacita rUpe vedAnu prAmANya svIkAre che, ke na to brAhmaNuvanuM jAtine kAraNe ke jhurahitapaNAne lIdhe gurupada svIkAre che, jevI rIte ke vaidika sa`pradAya vedo ane brAhmaNa purAhitAnA saMbaMdhamAM mAne che. badhAya zramaNa saMpradAye potapotAnA saMpradAyanA puraskartA tarIke kAI ne kAI yeAgyatama puruSane mAnIne enAM vacanAne ja aMtima pramANurUpa mAne che, ane jAti karatAM guNanI pratiSThA karIne saMnyAsI ke gRhatyAgI vanuM ja gurupada svIkAre che. nigraMtha soMpradAya e jaina sa`pradAya : keTalAka purAvA prAcIna kALamAM zramaNa saMpradAyanI badhI zAkhA-prazAkhAomAM guru ke tyAgI vane mATe sAmAnya rIte A zabdo vaparAtA hatA H zramaNa, bhikSu, anagAra, yati, sAdhu, tapasvI, paritrAjaka, adbhuta, jina, tItha kara vagere, bauddha ane AjIvaka sauMpradAyAnI jema jaina saMpradAya paNa potAnA guruvane mATe pahelAMthI ja A zabdone upayAga karatA rahyo che. Ama chatAM eka zabda evA che ke jeteA upayAga jaina saMpradAya ja potAnA samagra itihAsa kALamAM, pahelAMthI te atyAra sudhI, peAtAnA guruvaryaMne mATe karatA rahyo che. e zabda che ' nirdhanya '( niHzaMtha )1. jaina Agama pramANe ' nipaMtha ' ane bauddha piTakA mujaba ninTa '. aitihAsika sAdhanAne AdhAre ApaNe eTale sudhI jANI ane kahI zakIe chIe ke jaina paraMparA sivAyanI . * 1. AcArAMga 1, 3, 1, 108.

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para jainadharmane prANa mann bIjI kaI paraMparAnA guruvane mATe "nica' zabda pracalita ke rUDha thayele nathI maLato. A kAraNe ja jainazAstrane "niraMthapAyA" arthAta " nivarana" kahevAmAM Ave che. bIjA koI saMpradAyanA zAstrane "nirIkavacana" kahela nathI. Agamakathita nigraMtha saMpradAyanI sAthe bauddha piTakone eTale ane jevo sIdho saMbaMdha che, eTale ane evo saMbaMdha vaidika ke paurANika sAhityano nathI. enAM kAraNe A pramANe che - (1) jaina saMpradAya ane bauddha saMpradAya, bane zramaNa saMpradAya che, tethI emanI vacce brAtRbhAva jevo saMbaMdha che. (2) bauddha saMpradAyanA sthApaka gautamabuddha ane nigraMtha saMpradAyanA aMtima puraskartA jJAtaputra mahAvIra, banne samakAlIna hatA. teo kevaLa samakAlIna hatA eTaluM ja nahIM, balake emaNe samAna ke eka ja kSetramAM jIvana vitAvyuM hatuM. bannenI pravRttinuM dhAma kevaLa eka ja pradeza nahIM balake eka ja zahera, eka ja mahele ane eka ja kuTuMba paNa hatuM. bannenA anuyAyIo paNa arasaparasa maLatA hatA ane pitapotAnA pUjya puruSonA upadeze ane AcAra saMbaMdhI mitrabhAve ke pratispardhIbhAve carcA paNa karatA hatA. eTaluM ja nahIM, balka aneka anuyAyIo evA paNa hatA, jeo pahelAM koI ekanA anuyAyI hatA, paNa pachIthI bIjAnA anuyAyI thayA; jANe mahAvIra ane buddhanA anuyAyIo evA pADozI ke kuTuMbI hatA ke jemane sAmAjika saMbaMdha bahu najIka hate. ema ja kahevuM joIe ke jANe eka ja kuTuMbanA aneka sabhyo, atyAre paNa jovAmAM Ave che ema, judI judI mAnyatAo dharAvatA hatA. 1. bhagavatI 9-6-383. 2. upAsakadazAMga a0 8 ItyAdi.

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nigraMtha saMpradAyanI prAcInatA 53 (3) nigraMtha saMpradAyanI aneka bAbatonuM buddha tathA emanA samakAlIna ziSyoe najare joyA jevuM varNana karyuM che-bhale pachI e varNana prAsaMgika hoya ke khaMDananI dRSTithI karavAmAM AvyuM hoya. eTalA mATe bauddha piTakamAM maLatA nigraMtha saMpradAyanA AcAravicArane lagatA nirdeza etihAsika daSTie khUba mahatva che. pachI jyAre ApaNe bauddha phirakAmAM AvatA nigraMtha saMpradAya saMbaMdhI nirdezonI, khuda nigraMtha pravacanarUpe upalabdha Agamika sAhityamAMnA nirdezonI sAthe, zabda ane bhAvanI daSTie, sarakhAmaNuM karIe chIe tyAre emAM saMdeha nathI raheto ke banne nirdeza pramANabhUta che-bhale pachI banne bAjue vAdI-prativAdIne bhAva rahyo hoya. jevI bauddha piTakAnI racanA ane saMkalanAnI sthiti che, lagabhaga evI ja sthiti prAcIna nigraMtha AgamonI che. buddha ane mahAvIra buddha ane mahAvIra samakAlIna hatA. banne zramaNa saMpradAyanA samarthaka hatA, chatAM banne vaccenuM aMtara jANyA vinA ApaNe kaI nirNaya upara nathI pahoMcI zakatA. paheluM aMtara to e che ke buddha mahAbhiniSkramaNathI laIne te pitAnA navA mArga-dharmacakranuM pravartana karyuM, e cha varSa daramyAna teo e samaye pracalita bhinna bhinna tapasvI ane yogI saMpradAyano eka pachI ekano svIkAra ane tyAga karatA rahyA, jyAre mahAvIrane kuLaparaMparAthI je dharmamArga prApta thayo hatA ene svIkAra karIne teo AgaLa vadhyA ane e kuLa paraMparAgata dharmamAM pitAnI sUjha ane zakti pramANe emaNe sudhAro ke zuddhi karyA. ekane mArga jUnA paMthono tyAga karyA bAda navA dharmasthApanane hatA, te bIjAne mArga kuLadharmanuM saMzodhana mAtra hato. tethI ApaNe joIe chIe ke buddha Thera Thera pahelAM svIkArela ane nahIM svIkArela 1. majhimanikAya sura 14, 56. dIghanikAya su29, 33.

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54 jainadharmane prANa aneka paMthenI samAlocanA karatA rahe che, ane kahe che ke amuka paMthane amuka nAyaka amuka mAne che, bIje amuka mAne che, paNa huM enI sAthe saMmata nathI, huM te A pramANe mAnuM chuM ityAdi. buddha samasta piTakamAM evuM kyAMya nathI kahyuM ke huM je kahuM chuM te te phakta prAcIna che, ane huM te mAtra ene pracAraka ja chuM. buddhanA sarva kathananI pAchaLa eka ja bhAva che, ane te e ke, mAro mArga mArI pitAnI zodhanuM phaLa che, jyAre mahAvIra ema nathI kahetA. kAraNa ke ekavAra pAzvapatyikee mahAvIrane keTalAka prazno pULyA te emaNe pArzvanAthanAM ja vacanonI sAkSI ApIne pArzvapatyikene pitAnA pakSanA banAvI dIdhA. e kAraNe ja budde pitAnA matanI sAthe bIjA koI samakAlIna ke pUrvakAlIna matane samanvaya nathI karyo; emaNe kevaLa pitAnA matanI vizeSatAo batAvI che, jyAre mahAvIre evuM nathI karyuM. teoe pArzvanAthanA te samayanA saMpradAyanA anuyAyIo sAthe potAnA sudhArA ke pheraphArone samanvaya karyo che. tethI mahAvIrane mArga pArzvanAthanA saMpradAya sAthenI emanI samanvayavRttino sUcaka che. buddha ane mahAvIranI vacce dhyAna ApavA egya bIjuM aMtara jIvanakAlanuM che. buddha 80 varSe nirvANa pAmyA, jyAre mahAvIra 72 varSanI uMmare. have te e nizcita jevuM thaI cUkyuM che ke buddhanuM nirvANa pahelAM ane mahAvIranuM pachI thayuM hatuM. A rIte mahAvIra karatAM buddha jarUra kaMIka vRddha hatA; eTaluM ja nahIM paNa mahAvIre svataMtrarUpe dharmopadeza Apavo zarU karyo enI pahelAM ja budhe pitAnA mArganI 1. majijhamanakAya sura 56. aMguttaranikAya voTa 1. pR. 206; va. 3, pR0 383. 2. bhagavatI 5-9-225. 3. uttarAdhyayana a0 23. 4. vIranirvANasaMvata aura jaina kAlagaNanA. bhAratIya vidyA bhA. 3 5 177.

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nigraMtha saMpradAyanI prAcInatA 55 sthApanAnI zarUAta karI dIdhI hatI. buddhane pitAnA mArgamAM navA navA anuyAyIone bhegA karIne ja baLa vadhAravuM hatuM, jyAre mahAvIrane anuyAyIo banAvavA uparAMta pArzvanAthanA jUnA anuyAyIone paNa pitAnA prabhAvamAM ane pitAnI AsapAsa joDI rAkhavAnA hatA. tatkAlIna bIjA badhA pathenAM maMtavyanI pUrI parIkSA ke emanuM khaMDana karyA vagara buddha pitAnI saMdharacanAmAM saphaLa thaI zake ema na hatA, jyAre mahAvIrane prazna kaMIka judo hato, kAraNa ke pitAnA cAritra ane tejobaLane lIdhe pAzvanAthanA tatkAlIna anuyAyIonAM mana jItI laIne mahAvIra emane pitAnA anuyAyI banAvI letA hatA, tethI navA navA anuyAyIonI bharatIne savAla emane mATe eTalo ugra na hato, eTale buddhane mATe. tethI ApaNe joIe chIe ke buddhane samagra upadeza bIjAonI AlocanAthI bhareluM che. nircatha paraMparAne buddha upara prabhAva buddha pitAne mArga zarU karatAM pahelAM eka pachI eka je pathane tyAga karyo, emAM eka nigraMtha paMtha paNa hatA. buddha pitAnA jIvananuM je varNana karyuM che, ene vAMcavAthI ane enI jaina AgamAM varNavela AcAro sAthe sarakhAmaNuM karavAthI e niHsaMdeha rIte jANuM zakAya che ke budhe bIjA paMthanI jema jaina paMthamAM paNa ThIka ThIka jIvana vitAvyuM hatuM-bhale pachI e TUMkA samaya mATe paNa kema na hoya. buddhanI sAdhanAnA samayamAM zarUAtanAM varSomAM mahAvIre te potAno mArga zarU ja nahote karyo ane e samaye pUrva pradezamAM pArzvanAthanA sivAya bIjo koI nircatha paMtha na hatuM. tethI e nakakI che ke buddha, bhale thoDA vakhata mATe paNa kema na hoya, pArzvanAthanA nirgatha saMpradAyanuM jIvana vitAvyuM hatuM. ene lIdhe ja buddha jyAre nigraMtha saMpradAyanA AcAra-vicAranI samAlocanA kare che tyAre nigraMtha 1. majhimanikAya suraka. pra. kAzIta buddhacarita (gujarAtI)

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jainadharmane prANa saMpradAyamAM pratiSThita evA tapa upara ugra prahAra kare che. ane teo jyAre nigraMtha saMpradAyanA AcAra ane vicAranuM khaMDana kare che tyAre enuM e saMpradAyanI paribhASAmAM ThIka ThIka varNana karIne kare che, enuM kAraNa paNa A ja che. mahAvIra ane buddha bannene upadezakALa amuka samaya sudhI te jarUra eka ja hata; eTaluM ja nahIM, teo ekabIjAne maLyA vagara paNa amuka sthAnomAM ekasAthe vicaryA hatA. tethI ApaNe e paNa joIe chIe ke piTakamAM "nAtapura niSaia" tarIke mahAvIrane nirdeza Ave che cAra cAma ane bauddha saMpradAya bauddha piTakAmAMnA dIghanikAya ane saMyuttanikAyamAM nircanAM mahAvratanI carcA Ave che. dIghanikAyanA sAmannaphalasuttamAM zreNika biMbisAranA putra ajAtazatru-kaNike pitAnI jJAtaputra mahAvIra sAthe thayelI mulAkAtanuM varNana buddhanI samakSa karyuM che, jemAM jJAtaputra mahAvIranA mukhe ema kahevarAvyuM che ke nigraMtha caturyAmasaMvarathI saMyata hoya che; Avo nigraMtha ja yatAtmA ane sthitAtmA hoya che. A ja rIte saMyuttanikAyanA devadattasaMyuttamAM niMka nAme vyakti jJAtaputra mahAvIrane dhyAnamAM rAkhIne buddhane kahe che ke e jJAtaputra mahAvIra dayALu, kuzaLa ane caturyAma yukta che. A bauddha ullekhane AdhAre ApaNe eTaluM jANuM zakIe chIe ke khuda buddhanA samayamAM ane e pachI paNa (bauddha piTakee aMtima svarUpa dhAraNa karyuM tyAM sudhI paNa) bauddha paraMparA mahAvIrane ane emanA anya nigraMthane caturyAma yukta samajatA hatA. yAmano artha che mahAvrata, jene yogazAstra (2-30) mAM jaNAvyA mujaba "yama" paNa kahe che. mahAvIranI nigraMtha paraMparA atyAra lagI paMcamahAvratadhArI che, ane paMcamahAvratI tarIke ja zAstramAM tathA vyavahAramAM prasiddha che. AvI 1. dIghanikAya su2. 2. dIghanikAya su. 2. saMyuttanikAya che. 1, pR. 6.

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nigraMtha saMpradAyanI prAcInatA pa7 sthitimAM bauddha graMthamAM mahAvIra ane anya nigraMtho mATe cAramahAvratadhArI rUpe je ullekha che, eno zuM artha samaja?-Ave prazna ApoApa Ubho thAya che. Ane javAba ApaNane upalabdha jaina AgamAMthI maLI rahe che. sadbhAgye upalabdha AgamomAM prAcIna evA aneka stare sacavAI rahyA che ke je kevaLa mahAvIranA samayanI nigraMtha paraMparAnI sthiti upara ja nahIM balake enI pahelAMnI pAzvapatyika nigraMtha paraMparAnI sthiti upara paNa spaSTa prakAza pADe che. bhagavatI ane uttarAdhyayana jevA AgamamAM varNana Ave che ke pArzvapatyika nigraMtha, jeo cAra mahAvratadhArI hatA, emAMnA ghaNAoe mahAvIranA zAsanano svIkAra karIne emaNe prarUpela pAMca mahAvratone dhAraNa karyA hatAM, ane jUnI cAra mahAvratonI paraMparAne badalI nAkhI hatI; jyAre keTalAka evA paNa pArzvapatyika nirca hatA ke jemaNe potAnI cAra mahAvratanI paraMparAne ja cAlu rAkhI hatI. mahAvIre cAra mahAvratanA sthAne pAMca mahAvratanI sthApanA zA mATe karI ane kyAre karI, A paNa eka aitihAsika savAla che. mahAvIre pAMca mahAvratanI sthApanA zA mATe karI?--A savAlano javAba to jaina graMtha Ape che, paNa e sthApanA kyAre karI?--Ane javAba e nathI ApatA. ahiMsA, satya, asteya, aparigraha, A cAra yA-mahAvratAnI pratiSThA bhagavAna pArzvanAthe karI hatI, paNa krame krame nigraMtha paraMparAmAM evI zithilatA. AvI gaI ke keTalAka nigraMtha "aparigrahane artha "saMgraha na kare" eTale ja karIne strIone saMgraha ke parigraha karyA vagara paNa emane saMparka rAkhatA hatA, ane chatAM mAnatA hatA ke ethI a 1. "utthAnano mahAvIrAMka (sthAnakavAsI jaina konpharansa, muMbaI) pR0 46. - 2. ejana.

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jainadharmane prANa parigrahavata bhaMga thatuM nathI. A zithilatAne dUra karavA mATe bhagavAna mahAvIre brahmacarya vratane aparigrahathI juduM sthApyuM ane cothA vratamAM zuddhi lAvavAno prayatna karyo. mahAvIre pitAnA upadezakALanA trIsa varSa jeTalA lAMbA samaya daramyAna brahmacarya vratanI aparigrahathI judI sthApanA kyAre karI, e te kahI zakAya ema nathI, paNa emaNe A sthApanA evI bhArapUrvaka karI ke jene lIdhe pachInI samasta nigraMtha paraMparA pAMca mahAvratanI ja pratiSThA karavA lAgI, ane je gaNyAgAMDyA pArzvapatyika nigraMtha mahAvIranA paMcamahAvrata-zAsanathI judA rahyA emanuM AgaLa jatAM koI astitva ja na rahyuM. je bauddha piTakomAM ane jaina AgamamAM cAra mahAvratane nirdeza ke enuM varNana na Avata te Aje e patta paNa na lAgata ke pArzvapatyika paraMparA kyAreka cAra mahAvratadhArI paNa hatI. . uparanI carcAthI eTaluM te ApoApa vidita thaI jAya che ke pArzvapatyika nigraMtha paraMparAmAM dIkSA levAvALA jJAtaputra mahAvIre pite paNa cAra mahAvrato ja dhAraNa karyA hatAM, paraMtu sAMpradAyika paristhitine joIne emaNe e bAbatamAM kyAreka ne kyAreka sudhAre karyo. A sudhArAnI sAme prAcIna nigraMtha paraMparAmAM kevI carcA ke kevA tarkavitarka thatAM hatAM, ene Acho khyAla ApaNane uttarAdhyayana sUtramAMnA kezi-gautama saMvAdamAMthI maLe che. emAM kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke keTalAka pAzvapatyika nigraMthomAM evo vitarka thavA lAgyo hato ke jyAre pArzvanAtha ane mahAvIranuM ekamAtra dhyeya mokSa ja che, tyAre e bannenA mahAvrato saMbaMdhI upadezamAM pharaka kema ?1 A gaDamathalane kezIe gautamanI sAme rajU karI ane gautame ene khulAso karyo. kezI prasanna thayA ane emaNe mahAvIranA zAsanane svIkArI lIdhuM. ATalI carcA uparathI ApaNe sahelAIthI nIce jaNAvela 1, uttarAdhyayana 23. 11-13, 23-27 vagere.

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nigraMtha saMpradAyanI prAcInatA 59 niSkarSa upara pahoMcI zakIe chIe - (1) mahAvIranI pahelAM, ochAmAM ochuM pArzvanAthanA samayathI zarU karIne, nigraMtha paraMparAmAM cAra mahAvratanI ja prathA hatI, jene bhagavAna mahAvIre kyAreka ne kyAreka badalI, ane pAMca mahAvratarUpe ene vikAsa karyo. e ja vikasita rU5 atyAra sudhInA badhAya jaina phirakAomAM nirvivAda rUpe mAnya che, ane cAra mahAvratanI prAcIna prathA mAtra graMthamAM ja sacavAI rahI che. (2) khuda buddha ane emanA samakAlIna ke uttarakAlIna badhAya bhikSuo nircatha paraMparAne kevaLa cAra mahAvratadhArI ja mAnatA hatA ane mahAvIranA paMca mahAvrata saMbaMdhI AMtarika sudhArAthI teo aparicita hatA. je vAta budde ekavAra kahI ane je sAmAnya janatAmAM prasiddha thaI, ene ja teo pitAnI racanAomAM pharI pharI kahetA gayA. buddha pitAnA saMdhane mATe mukhya pAMca zIla ke vrata darzAvyAM che, je saMkhyAnI daSTie te nigraMtha paraMparAnA yama sAthe maLatAM che, paNa banne vacce thoDuM aMtara che. A aMtara e che ke nigraMtha paraMparAmAM pAMcamuM vrata aparigraha che, jyAre bauddha paraMparAmAM madya vagerenA tyAga e pAMcamuM zIla che. jeke bauddha graMthamAM ThekaThekANe caturyAmane nirdeza Ave che, paNa mULa piTakomAM tathA enI akathAomAM caturyAmane je artha karavAmAM AvyuM che te kheTa tathA aspaSTa che. Ama kema thayuM haze ?-evo prazna thayA vinA nathI rahetuM. nigraMtha paraMparA jevI pitAnI pADozI, samakAlIna ane atiprasiddha paraMparAnA cAra yAmanA saMbaMdhamAM bauddha graMthakAro ATalA ajJAta ke aspaSTa hoya e joIne zarU zarUmAM te navAI lAge che, paNa jyAre ApaNe sAMpradAyika sthitine vicAra 1. dIpanikAya su2. dIghanikAya sumaMgalA TIkA 50 167. FO! '

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jainadharmane prANa karIe chIe tyAre e navAI dUra thaI jAya che. kaI paNa saMpradAye bIjA saMpradAyane pUre nyAya nathI Apyo. evuM paNa banyuM hoya ke mULamAM buddha tathA emanA samakAlIna ziSyo caturyAmano pUre ane sAco artha jANatA heya--e artha sarvatra prasiddha paNa hatA-tethI e jaNAvavAnI jarUra na dekhAI hoya; paNa jema jema piTakanuM saMkalana thatuM gayuM tema tema caturyAmano artha spaSTa karavAnI jarUra dekhAI heya. kaI bauddha bhikSue, kalpanAne baLe, enA arthanI pUti karI, e ja AgaLa jatAM jemanI tema cAlu rahI, ane koIe e na vicAryuM ke caturyAmano A artha nigraMtha paraMparAne mAnya che ke nahIM? bauddhonA saMbaMdhamAM jenonA hAthe paNa Avo vipAsa thayela kyAMka kyAMka jovAmAM Ave che. koI paNa saMpradAyanI mAnyatAnuM pUrNa sAcuM rUpa te enA graMtha ane enI paraMparAthI jANI zakAya che. [daauciM0 naM. 2, pR. 50-59, 97-100] 1. sUtrakRtAMga 1-2-2, 24-28. -

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jaina saMskRtinuM hRdaya saMrakRtinuM jharaNuM saMskRtinuM jharaNuM nadInA evA pravAha jevuM che ke je pitAnA udgama sthAnathI te aMta sudhI bIjuM nAnAM-moTAM jharaNAMo sAthe bhaLatuM, vadhatuM ane parivartana pAmatuM bIjAM aneka mizraNathI yukta thatuM jAya che, ane udgamasthAnamAM pitAne maLela rUpa, sparza, gaMdha. tathA svAda vageremAM kaMIka ne kaMIka parivartana paNa prApta karatuM rahe. che. jaina tarIke oLakhAtI saMskRti paNa sAmAnya saMskRtinA A niyamane apavAda nathI. je saMskRtine Aje ApaNe jaina saMskRtinA nAme oLakhIe che eno AvirbhAva sauthI pahelAM keNe karyo, ane emanAthI e pahelavahelAM kevA rUpe udbhavI, enuM pUrepUruM yathArtha varNana karavuM, e ItihAsanA sImADAnI bahAranI vAta che. Ama chatAM, e prAcIna pravAhanuM che ane jevuM jharaNuM ApaNuM sAme mojUda che, tathA. e je AdhAranA paTamAM vahetuM rahyuM che, e jharaNuM ane e sAdhano saMbaMdhI vicAraNA karavAthI ApaNe jaina saMskRtinA hRdayane thoDuM ghaNuM pichAnI zakIe chIe. jene saMskRtinAM be rUpa bIjI saMskRtionI jema, jaina saMskRtinAM paNa be rU5 cheeka bAhya ane bIjuM AMtarika. bAhya rUpa e che ke jene e saMskRtinA

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jainadhamanA prANa dara leAkA uparAMta khIjA leAkeA paNa peAtAnI AMkha, kAna vagere khAla iMdriyA dvArA jANI zake che. paNa saMskRtinuM AMtarika svarUpa evuM nathI hotuM; kAraNa ke kAI paNa saMskRtinA AMtarika svarUpanuM sAkSAt Akalana te phakta ene ja thAya che ke je ene peAtAnA jIvanamAM otaprAta karI de che. bIjA loke ene jANavA icche te enuM sAkSAt darzAna nathI karI zakatA. paNa e AMtarika saMskRtine potAnA jIvanamAM utAranAra puruSa ke puruSonA jIvana-vyavahArA uparathI tema ja tenI AsapAsanA vAtAvaraNu upara paDatI asarA uparathI teo kAI paNa AMtarika saMskRtine aMdAja meLavI zake che. ahIM" mAre mukhyatve jaina saMskRtinA e svarUpanA ke hRdayane paricaya ApavA che ke je moTe bhAge abhyAsamAMthI jAgelI kalpanA tathA anumAna para ja AdhAra rAkhe che. jaina saMskRtinu bAhya svarUpa jaina saMskRtinA bAhya svarUpamAM, bIjI saMskRtionA bAhya svarUpanI jema, aneka vastuone samAveza thAya che. zAstra, enI bhASA, maMdira, enuM sthApatya, smRti-vidhAna, upAsanAnA prakAra, emAM kAmamAM AvanArAM upakaraNo tathA vastuo, samAjanA khAna-pAnanA niyamA, utsava, tahevAre| vagere aneka viSayAne jaina samAja sAthe eka jAtane anokhA saMbadha che; ane pratyeka viSaya potapotAnA AgavA tihAsa paNa dharAve che. A badhI bAbatA khAdya saMskRtinAM aMga che. paN evA keAI niyama nathI ke jyAM jyAM ane jyAre jyAre A ane evAM bIjAM aMga meAbUda hoya tyAM tyAM ane tyAre tyAre enuM hRdaya paNa avazya hAvuM joI e. bAhya aMgA hayAta hovA chatAM kayAreka hRdayanA abhAva hAya che; ane bAhya aMgAnA abhAvamAM paNa saMskRtinA hRdayanI saMbhavanA hoya che. A dRSTine sAme rAkhIne vicAra karanAra kAI paNa vyakti e vAta sArI rIte samajI zakaze ke, jaina saMskRtinuM hRdaya, jenuM vana huM ahIM karavAnA chuM, ene kevaLa

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63 jaina saMskRtinuM hRdaya jaina samAjamAM janmela ane jaine kahevAnAra vyaktimAM ja saMbhava che, ema nathI. sAmAnya leke jene jaina mAne che, athavA jeo pitAnI jAtane jaina kahe che, emanAmAM je AMtarika gyatA na hoya te e hRdayano saMbhava na samaje; ane jaina nahIM kahevAnAra vyaktiomAM paNa je sAcI yogyatA hoya te e hRdayane saMbhava che. A rIte jyAre saMskRtinuM bAhya rUpa samAjamAM ja maryAdita hevAthI bIjA samAjamAM e sulabha nathI hotuM, tyAre saMskRtinuM hRdaya, e samAjanA anuyAyIonI jema, anya samAjanA anuyAyIomAM paNa hoI zake che. sAcI vAta to e che ke saMskRtinuM hRdaya ke ene AtmA eTalAM vyApaka ane svataMtra hoya che ke ene deza, kALa, jUti, bhASA ane rItarivAje na te baMdhiyAra banAvI zake ke na te pitAnI sAthe bAMdhI zake che.] jaina saMskRtinuM hRdayaH vitaka dhama ( prazna e che ke jaina saMskRtinuM hRdaya zuM cIja che? Ano TUMko javAba te e che ke nivataka dharma jaina saMskRtine AtmA che. je dharma nivRtti ApavAvALo arthAta punarjanmanA cakrane nAza karavAvALA hoya athavA e nivRttinA sAdhanarUpe je dharmane prAdurbhAva, vikAsa ane pracAra thayo hoya, e nivaka dharma kahevAya che. Ane mULa artha samajavA mATe prAcIna chatAM samakAlIna anya dharmonA svarUpa saMbaMdhI thoDeka vicAra karavo joIze. dhanuM vargIkaraNa atyAre duniyAmAM jeTalA dharmo jIvita che, athavA jemano DeghaNo ItihAsa maLe che, e badhAyanA AMtarika svarUpanuM je vargIkaraNa karavAmAM Ave te mukhyatve emane traNa vibhAgamAM vaheMcI zakAya - (1) pahele e vibhAga ke je vartamAna janmane vicAra kare che.

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jainadhama nA prANa (2) bIjo e ke je vamAna janma uparAMta janmAMtarane paNa vicAra kare che. 64 (3) trIjo e vibhAga ke je janmajanmAMtara uparAMta enA nAza ke ucchedanA paNa vicAra kare che. anAtmavAda atyAranI jema ghaNA prAcIna samayamAM paNa evA vicArake hatA ke jeo vartamAna jIvanamAM prApta thatA sukhanI pele pAra kAI sukha che, evI kalpanAthI na tA preraNA meLavatA hatA ke na te enAM sAdhaneAnI zeAdhamAM samaya vitAvavA ThIka mAnatA hatA; emanu dhyeya vamAna jIvananA sukha-bhAga ja hatuM. ane tee A dhyeyane pAra pADavA mATe badhAM sAdhanAnA saMgraha karatA hatA. teo mAnatA hatA ke ApaNe je kaMI chIe te A janma sudhI ja chIe, ane maraNa khAda ApaNe pharI janma laI zakatA nathI. bahu bahu to ApaNA punarjanmane atha` ApaNI saMtati cAlu rahe e ja che. tethI ApaNe je kaI sukRta karIzuM, enuM phaLa A janma pachI bhAgavavA mATe ApaNe janmavAnA nathI. ApaNI karaNInuM mULa ApaNAM satAna ke ApaNA samAja bhAgavI zake che. ene punarjanmanu nAma ApavuM hAya te emAM amArA kAI vAMdheA nathI. AvA vicAra karanArA vane ApaNAM prAcIna zAstromAM paNa anAtmavAdI ke nAstika kahevAmAM Avela che. e java, kayAreka, AgaLa jatAM, cArvIka tarIke eLakhAvA lAgyA. A vanI dRSTimAM sASya-puruSArtha eka mAtra kAma arthAt sukhabhAga ja che. enA sAdhana tarIke e va nathI dhanI kalpanA karatA ke nathI jAtajAtanAM vidhividhAneAne vicAra karatA. tethI ja A vane kevaLa kAma-puruSAthI ke bahu bahu te kAma ane a, e be puruSAte mAnanAra kahI zakAya.

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65 jaina saMskRtinuM hRdaya pravartaka dharma - bIje vicAraka varga chavanamAM zarIra-sukhane sAdhya tarIke te mAne che, paNa e mAne che ke vartamAna janmamAM jevA sukhano saMbhava che, evuM ja sukha prANI bharIne punarjanma dhAraNa kare che tyAre-janmajanmAMtaramAM-paNa cAlu rahe che ane e rIte zArIrikamAnasika sukhenA utkarSa-apakarSanI paraMparA cAlatI rahe che. jevI rIte A janmamAM evI ja rIte janmAMtaramAM paNa je ApaNe sukhI thavuM hoya ke vadhAre sukha meLavavuM hoya, te e mATe ApaNe dharmAnuSThAna paNa karavAM paDaze. arthopArjana vagere sAdhana bhale vartamAna janmamAM upakAraka thAya, paNa janmAMtaranA ucca ane uccatara sukhane mATe ApaNe dharmAnuSThAna avazya karavAM joIze. AvI vicArasaraNI dharAvatA leke jAtajAtanAM dharmAnuSThAna karatAM hatAM, ane enI dvArA paralokanAM ucca sakho meLavavAnI zraddhA paNa dharAvatA hatA. A varga AtmavAdI ane punarjanmavAdI te che ja, paNa enI kalpanA janmajanmAMtaramAM vadhAre ne vadhAre sukha prApta karavAnI tathA sukhane vadhAremAM vadhAre vakhata sudhI sthira rAkhavAnI hovAne lIdhe emanAM dharmAnuSThAnone pravartaka dhama kahevAmAM Avela che. pravartaka dharmano TUMkamAM sAra e che ke je ane jevI samAjavyavasthA heya ene evI niyamabaddha ane kartavyabaddha banAvavI ke jethI samAjano pratyeka sabhya, pitApitAnI sthiti ane kakSA pramANe, sukha meLave ane sAthosAtha evA janmAMtaranI taiyArI kare ke jethI bIjA janmamAM paNa e vartamAna janma karatAM vadhAre ane sthAyI sukhane meLavI zake. pravartaka dharmano uddeza samAjavyavasthAnI sAthosAtha janmAMtarane sudhAre, e che, nahIM ke janmAktarane uccheda kare. pravartaka dharma pramANe kAma, artha ane dharma, e traNa puruSArtha che. emAM mekSa nAmaka cothA puruSArthanI kaI kalpanA nathI. prAcIna IrAnI A jeo avestAne dharmagraMtha tarIke mAnatA hatA, ane prAcIna vaidika ucca javA

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jainadharmanA prANa 66 Aryo, je matra ane brAhmaNa rUpa vedabhAgane ja mAnatA hatA, e adhAya uparyu kta pravaka dharmanA anuyAyI che. AgaLa jatAM vaidika dazanAmAM mImAMsA-darzana 'ne nAme je kaMmakAMDI darzana prasiddha thayuM, e pravaka dhatu jIva'ta rUpa che. nipha dhama niva`ka dharmAM, e upara sUcavela prava`ka dhanA sAva virAdhI che. je vicAra! A lAka uparAMta leAkAMtara ane janmAMtarane mAnavAnI sAthesAthe e janmacakrane dhAraNa karanAra AtmAne te, pravaka-dharmovAdIonI jema, mAnatA ja hatA, paNa sAthe sAthe ja te janmAMtaramAM prApta thatA ucca, uccatara ane cirasthAyI sukhathI saMtuSTa na hatA; emanI dRSTi e hatI ke A janmamAM ke janmAMtaramAM game teTaluM UMcuM sukha kema na maLe, ane e game teTalA lAMbA samaya sudhI kema na rahe, paNa jo e sukha kayAreka ne kayAreka paNa naSTa thavAnu hAya, te e ucca ane cirasthAyI sukha paNa aMte nikRSTa sukhanI kATinuM ja heAvAthI upAdeya na thaI zake. e le evA keAI sukhanI zeAdhamAM hatA, ke je ekavAra prApta thayA pachI kayAreya nAza na pAme. A zeAdhanI sUjhamAMthI emane meAkSa-puruSArtha nA svIkAra karavAnu anivAya lAgyuM. teo mAnavA lAgyA ke AtmAnI eka evI paNa sthiti saMbhavI zake che, ke jene prApta karyAM pachI kayAreya janma-janmAMtara ke zarIra dhAraNa karavAM na paDe. AtmAnI e sthitine teo meAkSa ke janmanivRtti kahetA hatA. pravataka dharmanA anuyAyIo je ucca ane uccatara dhArmika anuSThAtA dvArA A leAkanAM tema ja paraleAkanAM utkRSTa sukhAne mATe prayatna karatA hatA, e dhArmi ka anuSThAnane nivataka dharmanA anuyAyI peAtAnA sAdhya mekSa ke nivRttine mATe na kevaLa adhUrAM ja mAnatAM hatA, khaTake emane mAkSa prApta karavAmAM bAdhaka samajIne e badhAMya

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67 jaina saMskRtinuM hRdaya dhArmika anuSThAnene ekadama heya kahetA hatA. uddeza ane dRSTimAM pUrva-pazcima jeTaluM aMtara hovAthI pravartaka dharmanA anuyAyIo mATe je upAdeya gaNatuM te ja nivartaka dharmanA anuyAyIo mATe heya banI gayuM. joke mekSane mATe pravartaka dharmane bAdhaka gaNavAmAM Avyo, paNa enI sAthe ja mokSavAdIone mATe potAnA sAdhyamekSapuruSArthanA upAyarUpe keIka sunizcita mArganI zodha karavI, e paNa jarUrI thaI paDayuM. A zodhanI sUjhamAMthI emane eka evo mArga, eka e upAya maLI Avyo ke je bAhya sAdhano upara AdhAra rAkhate na hate; e kevaLa sAdhakanI pitAnI vicArazuddhi ane vatanazuddhi upara ja nirbhara hate. vicAra ane vartananI AtyaMtika-saMpUrNa zuddhine A bhAga ja nivartaka dharmane nAme ke mekSa mArgane nAme prasiddha thayo. bhAratIya saMskRtinA A vicitra ane vividha tANuvANunI tapAsa karatAM ApaNane spaSTa rUpe dekhAya che ke bhAratIya AtmavAdI darzanamAM karmakAMDI mImAMsakane bAda karatAM badhAya nivakadharmavAdI che. avaidika gaNAtA bauddha ane jaina darzananI saMskRti te mULamAM nivakadharmasvarUpa che ja, paNa vaidika gaNAtA nyAya-vaizeSika, sAMkhyayoga tathA aupaniSada darzanane AtmA paNa nivaka dhama upara ja pratiSThita che. vaidika hoya ke avaidika, A badhAya nivartaka dharmo aMte pravartaka dharmane ke yajJayAgAdi anuSThAnone heya ja mAne che. ane e badhAya samyajJAna ke AtmajJAnane tathA AtmajJAnamUlaka anAsakta jIvanavyavahArane upAdeya mAne che, tema ja enA dvArA ja punarjanmanA cakrAvAthI chuTakAro maLI zake ema kahe che. samAjagAmI pravartaka dharma upara jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke pravartaka dharma samAjagAmI hato. eno artha e ke dareka vyakita samAjamAM rahIne ja, je sAmAjika pharajo ahika jIvana sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatI hoya ane je dhArmika

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jainadharmane prANuM pharaje pAralaukika jIvana sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatI hoya, enuM pAlana kare. dareka vyakti janmathI ja RSiRNa eTale vidyAdhyayana vagere, pitRRNa eTale saMtAnotpatti vagere ane devaRNa eTale yajJayAga vagere baMdhanothI baMdhAyelI hoya che. vyakti pitAnI sAmAjika ane dhArmika pharajonuM pAlana karIne pitAnI tuccha IcchAnuM zodhana kare, e iSTa che; paNa ene samULage nAza karavo e na te zakya che ke na te iSTa che. pravartaka dharma pramANe pratyeka vyakitane mATe gRhasthAzrama jarUrI che; enuM ullaMghana karIne koI vikAsa nathI karI zakato. vyaktigata nivataka dharma nivartaka dharma vyaktigAmI che. enI utpatti AtmasAkSAtkAranI utkaTa vRttimAMthI thavAne lIdhe e jijJAsune Atmatattva che ke nahIM. che te e kevuM che, ene bIjAnI sAthe kevo saMbaMdha che, ene sAkSAtkAra thaI zake ema hoya te e kayA kayA upAyothI thaI zake vagere prazno tarapha ja prere che. e prazno evo nathI ke jenuM nirAkaraNa ekAMta ciMtana, dhyAna, tapa ane anAsakta jIvana vagara thaI zake. AvuM yathArtha jIvana khAsa khAsa vyaktione mATe ja saMbhavI zake; e samAjagAmI bane evo saMbhava nathI. tethI zarUzarUmAM pravartaka dharma karatAM nivaka dharmanuM kSetra bahu maryAdita hatuM. nivartaka dharmane mATe gRhasthAzramanuM baMdhana hatuM ja nahIM; e te gRhasthAzrama mAMDyA vagara ja vyaktine sarvatyAganI anumati Ape che, kAraNa ke eno AdhAra IcchAnuM zodhana nahIM paNa eno nirodha che. eTalA mATe nivaka dharma, vyakti samasta sAmAjika ane dhArmika pharajethI baMdhAyela che, ema nathI mAnate. enI mAnyatA pramANe vyaktine mATe mukhya kartavya eka ja che, ane te e ke jema bane tema AtmasAkSAtkAra ane emAM avarodha Ubho karanArI IcchAno nAza karavAno prayatna kare.

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jaina saMskRtinuM hRdaya nirtaka dharmanA prabhAva ane vikAsa ema lAge che ke jyAre pravaka dharmAMnA anuyAyI vaidika AryoM A dezamAM pahelavahelAM AvyA tyAre paNa A dezamAM kayAMka ne kayAMka, eka yA bIje rUpe, niva`ka dharma pracalita hatA. zarUAtamAM A e dharmAMsaMsthAnA vicArA vacce sArA eveza saMdha thayA, paNa nivrata ka dharmAMnA gaNyAgAMThayA sAcA anugAmIonI tapasyA, dhyAnapati ane asagacarmAM [ -anAsakta AcaraNa ]ne je prabhAva sAdhAraNa janasamUha upara dhIme dhIme vadhatA jatA hatA, eNe pravartaka dharmAMnA keTalAka anuyAyIone paNa pAtA tarapha AkarSyA, ane niva`ka dharmanI saMsthAAne aneka rUpe vikAsa thavA zarU thayA. aMte Anu asarakAraka pariNAma e AvyuM ke pravartaka dharmanA AdhArarUpa je brahmacarya ane gRhastha, ema e Azrame mAnavAmAM AvatA hatA enA sthAne pravata ka dharmanA puraskartAoe pahelAM te vAnaprastha sahita traNa ane pAchaLathI saMnyAsa sahita cAra Azramane jIvanamAM sthAna ApyuM. niva ka dharmAMnI aneka saMsthAonA vadhatA jatA lAkavyApI prabhAvane kAraNe pravataka dharmonuyAyI brAhmaNA eTale sudhI mAnavA lAgyA ke gRhasthAzrama sevyA vagara paNa, sIdhesIdhA brahmacaryAzramamAMthI ja pravrajyA svIkAravAnA mA` paNa nyAyayukta che. A rIte jIvanamAM pravartaka dhA je samanvaya sthira thayA, enuM mULa ApaNe dArzanika sAhitya ane prajAjIvanamAM Aje paNa joIe chIe. samanvaya ane saMdharSe je tattvajJa RSio pravartaka dharmanA anuyAyI brAhmaNeAnA vaMzajo hovA chatAM niva`ka dharmane pUrepUrA apanAvI cUkayA hatA, emaNe peAtAnA ci Mtana ane jIvana dvArA niva`ka dharmanuM mahattva pragaTa karyuM; Ama chatAM emaNe peAtAnI paitRka saMpattirUpa pravaka dharmAM ane enA AdhArarUpa vedezanA prAmANyane mAnya rAkhyuM. nyAya-vaizeSika darzananA 69

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70 jainadharmane prANuM ane aupaniSada darzananA Adya draSTA AvA ja tatvajJa RSio hatA. nivartaka dharmanA kaI kaI puraskartA evA paNa thayA ke jemaNe tapa, dhyAna ane AtmasAkSAtkAramAM bAdhaka kriyAkAMDano te AtyaMtika virodha karyo, paNa e kriyAkAMDanI AdhArabhUta zrutino sarvathA vidhi na karyo. evI vyaktiomAM sAMkhya darzananA Adi puruSa kapila vagere RSi hatA. e kAraNe ja sAMkhya-gadarzana mULamAM pravartaka dharmanuM virodhI hovA chatAM aMte vaidika darzanemAM samAI gayuM. samanvayanI AvI prakriyA A dezamAM sakAo sudhI cAlatI rahI. pachI bane dharmomAM keTalAka evA ekAMtavAdI thatA rahyA ke jeo potapotAnA pravartaka ke nivartaka dharma sivAya bIjA pakSane na te mAnatA hatA, ke na te ene sAro kahetA hatA. bhagavAna mahAvIra ane buddhithI pahelAM paNa nivartaka dharmanA AvA ekAMtavAdI aneka puraskartA thayA che. paNa mahAvIra ane buddhanA samayamAM te A dezamAM nivartaka dharmanI piSaka evI aneka saMsthAo hatI ane bIjI aneka evI UbhI thaI rahI hatI ke je pravartaka dharmane sajjaDa virodha karatI hatI. atyAra lagI nIcalAthI upalA sudhInA vargomAM nivRttidharmanI chAyAmAM vikAsa pAmanArA vividha tapanuSThAna, vividha dhyAnabhAga ane judA judA prakAranA tyAgamaya AcArane eTale badho prabhAva vistaravA lAge hato ke mahAvIra ane buddhanA samayamAM pravartaka ane nivaka dharma vacce pharI ekavAra prabaLa virodhano vaMToLa UDyo, jenI sAbitI ApaNane jaina-bauddha vAlmamAM tema ja samakAlIna brAhmaNa vAlmayamAM maLe che. tathAgata buddha evA pakava vicAraka ane daDha hatA ke emaNe potAnA nivaka dharmamAM pravartaka dharmanA AdhArarUpa maMtavya ane zAstrone kaI rIte Azraya na Apo. dIrghatapasvI mahAvIra paNa evA ja kadara nirtakadhamI hatA. tethI ApaNe joIe chIe ke pahelAMthI atyAra sudhI jaina ane bauddha saMpradAyamAM aneka vedAnuyAyI brAhmaNe dIkSita thayA, te paNa emaNe jaina ane bauddha

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jaina saMskRtinuM hRdaya 71 vADmayamAM vedanuM prAmANya sthApana karavAne na te koI prayatna karyo ke na te brAhmaNagraMthe mAnya rAkhela koI yajJayAgAdi karmakAMDane mAnya rAkhyo. nivartaka dharmanAM maMtavya ane AcAra seMkaDe nahIM balka hajAra varSa pahelAMthI dhIme dhIme nivaka dharmanA aMga-pratyaMga rUpe je aneka maMtavyo ane AcArona, mahAvIrabuddhanA samaya sudhImAM vikAsa thaI cUkyo hato te saMkSepamAM A che (1) Atmazuddhi ja jIvanano mukhya uddeza che, nahIM ke aihika ke pAralaukika kaI paNa padanuM mahatva. (2) A udezanI pUrtimAM bAdhaka evA AdhyAtmika moha, avidyA ane temAMthI janmela tRSNAne samULago uccheda karavo. (3) A mATe AdhyAtmika jJAna prApta karavuM ane enA dvArA samagra jIvanavyavahArane tRSNa vagarane banAvavo. ene sAru zArIrika, mAnasika, vAcika vividha tapasyAonuM tathA judA judA prakAranA dhyAna-yegamArganuM anusaraNa ane traNa, cAra ke pAMca mahAvratanuM AjIvana pAlana. (4) AdhyAtmika anubhava dharAvatA kaI paNa mANase koIpaNa bhASAmAM kahela AdhyAtmika varNanavALAM vacanone ja pramANarUpa mAnavAM, nahIM ke IzvarakRta ke apauruSeya manAtA, kaI khAsa bhASAmAM racAyela ne. (5) lAyakAta ane guru padanI ekamAtra kasoTI jIvananI AdhyAtmika zuddhine gaNavI, nahIM ke janmasiddha varNavizeSa. A dRSTie strI ane zudra sudhdhAMne dharmAdhikAra eTale ja che, jeTalo eka brAhmaNa ane kSatriya puruSane.

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jainadhama nA prANa (6) madya-mAMsa vagerenA dhArmika ane sAmAjika jIvanamAM niSedha. A tema ja AnAM jevAM lakSaNA, je pravata`ka dharmAMnA AcArA ane vicArAthI judAM paDatAM hatAM, te dezamAM mULa dhAlI cUkayAM hatAM ane divase divase vadhu jora pakaDatAM jatAM hatAM. nirmUtha sauMpradAya 72 dhaNekhare aMze upara jaNAvela lakSaNAne dhAraNa karanAra aneka saMsthA ane saMpradAyeAmAM eka niva kadhamI saMpradAya evA prAcIna hatA ke je mahAvIrathI ghaNI zatAbdIe pahelAMthI peAtAnI viziSTa e peAtAne vikAsa karatA jatA hatA. e ja sa`pradAyamAM pahelAM nAbhinaMdana RSabhadeva, yadunaMdana neminAtha ane kAzIrAjanA putra pArzvanAtha thaI cUkayA hatA, athavA teo e saMpradAyanA mAnya puruSA thaI cUkayA hatA. samaye samaye e sapradAyanAM aneka nAma prasiddha thayAM hatAM. yati, bhikSu, muni, anagAra, zramaNa vagere jevAM nAmeA tA e saMpradAyane mATe vaparAtAM hatAM, paNa jyAre dItapasvI mahAvIra e saMpradAyanA netA banyA, tyAre e saMpradAya 'nigna tha' nAmathI vizeSa prasiddha thayA. joke niva`kadharmInuyAyI pathAmAM UMcI AdhyAtmika bhUmikAe paheAMcela vyaktine mATe 'jina' zabda sAdhAraNa rUpe vaparAtA hatA; chatAM paNa bhagavAna mahAvIranA samayamAM, ane emanA pachI keTalAka vakhata sudhI paNu, mahAvIranA anuyAyI sAdhu ke gRhasthavarga mATe 'jaina'(jinanA anuyAyI ) nAmanA upayoga naheAtA thatA. Aje 'jaina' zabdathI maDAvIre pekhela saMpradAyanA tyAgI, gRhastha badhAya anuyAyIone je khedha thAya che, ene mATe pahelAM 'nigna tha' ane 'samaNAvAsaga' vagere jevA zabdonA upayAga thatA hatA. anya saMpradAyone jaina saskRti para prabhAva iMdra, varuNa vagere svagIya deva-devIonI stuti-upAsanAnA sthAnamAM jainAnA Ada` niSkalaMka manuSyanI upAsanA che. paNu jaina AcAra

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jaina saMskRtinuM hRdaya 73 vicAramAM bahiSkRta manAyela deva-devIo, jemano jaina saMskRtinA uddezanI sAthe kazo meLa nathI, teo pharI pAchAM, bhale gauNa rUpe ja kAM na hAya, stuti-prArthanA dvArA pesI ja gayAM. jaina paraMparAe upAsanAmAM pratIkarUpe mAnavamUtine sthAna ApyuM, ke je enA uddezanI sAthe susaMgata che. paNa sAthe ja enI AsapAsa zaMgAra ane ADaMbaranI eTalI sAmagrI bhegI thaI gaI ke je nivRttinA lakSanI sAthe sAva asaMgata che. strI ane ddhane AdhyAtmika samAnatAne sagapaNe UMce UThAvavAno tathA samAjamAM mAnabharyuM sthAna apAvavAne jaina saMskRtino je uddeza hato te eTalI hade lupta thaI gayo ke, eNe kevaLa zadrone apanAvavAnI kriyA ja baMdha karI dIdhI, eTaluM ja nahIM, badhe eNe brAhmaNa-dharmaprasiddha jAtinI dIvAla paNa UbhI karI dIdhI ! te eTalI hade ke jyAM brAhmaNa paraMparAnuM prAdhAnya hatuM tyAM eNe zudra kahevAtA lokone ajaina kahIne pitAnA gharamAMthI paNa bahAra kADhI mUkyA ! ane zarUAtamAM je jaina saMskRti jAti-bhedano virodha karavAmAM gaurava mAnatI hatI, eNe dakSiNa bhArata jevA pradezomAM navA jAtibhedanuM saMjana karI dIdhuM tathA strIone pUrNa AdhyAtmika yogyatAne mATe asamartha jAhera karI dIdhI ! A spaSTa rIte kadara brAhmaNa paraMparAnI ja asara che. maMtra, jyotiSa vagere vidyAo, jemane jaina saMskRtinA dhyeyanI sAthe kazo saMbaMdha nathI, e paNa jaina saMskRtimAM AvI gaI. ATaluM ja nahIM, balka AdhyAtmika jIvana svIkAranArA anagAree sudhdhAM e vidyAone apanAvI. yapavIta [ janoI] vagere je saMskArane mULamAM jaina saMskRti sAthe kazo ja saMbaMdha na hato, e ja madhyayugamAM dakSiNa hiMdustAnamAM jaina saMskRtinuM eka aMga banI gayA ane ene mATe, brAhmaNa paraMparAnI jema, jaina paraMparAmAM paNa eka purohitavarga kAyama thaI gayo. yajJayAgAdinuM barAbara anukaraNa karavAvALA kriyAkAMDe pratiSThA vagere vidhiomAM pesI gayA. A tema ja AvI bIjI aneka nAnI-moTI

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74 bAbate eTalA mATe khanI gaI ke anuyAyIonI rakSA karavI hatI ke AvIne emAM sAmela thatA hatA, AcAra-vicArAthI potAnI jAtane bacAvI zakatA na hatA. je jainadhama nA prANa jaina saskRtine evA sAdhAraNa khIjA virAdhI saMpradAyAmAMthI athavA je khIjA saMpradAyanA have ApaNe TUMkamAM e paNa joIzuM ke khIjAo upara jaina saMskRtinI khAsa asara zI paDI? jaina saMskRtine bIjAe upara prabhAva Ama te siddhAMtarUpe sarvabhUtayAne badhAya mAne che, paNa prANIrakSA upara jeTalo bhAra jaina saMskRtie ApyA che, jeTalI dhagazathI eNe e mATe kAma karyuM` che, enuM pariNAma samagra ddhatihAsayugamAM e AvyuM ke jyAM jyAM ane jyAre jyAre jainAnA eka ke khIjA kSetra upara prabhAva paDyo, tyAM tyAM saghaLe AmajanatA upara prANIrakSAnA prabaLa saMskAra paDayo; te eTale sudhI ke bhAratanA aneka bhAgAmAM peAtAne ajaina kahenArA tathA jainivareAdhI mAnanArA sAdhAraNa leka paNa jIvamAtranI hiMsA pratye aNagamA sevavA lAgyA. ahiMsAnA A sAmAnya saMskArane lIdhe ja vaiSNava vagere aneka jainetara paraMparAonA AcAra-vicAra prAcIna vaidika para parAthI sAva judA thaI gayA che. tapasyAnA sabaMdhamAM paNa ema ja thayuM. tyAgI hAya ke gRhastha, badhAya jaineA tapasyA tarapha khUba vadhAre jhUke che. AnA prabhAva pADeAsI samALe upara eTalA badhA paDyo ke emaNe paNa eka ke bIje rUpe aneka prakAranI sAttvika tapasyAe apanAvI lIdhI. ane sAmAnya rIte sAdhAraNa janatA jaineAnI tapasyA tarapha AdarabhAva dharAvatI rahe che; te eTale sudhI ke musalamAna samrATa tathA khIjA samartha adhikArIoe tapasyAthI AkarSAI ne anekavAra jaina saMpradAyanuM kevaLa bahumAna ja nathI karyuM, balke ene aneka savalatA paNa ApI che.

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75 mmmmmmuunuvuorenvurmmmmmmmm jaina saMskRtinuM hRdaya mA-mAMsa vagere sAta vyasanone nAbUda karavAne tathA emane ochAM karavAne jaina varge eTale badho prayatna karyo che ke jene lIdhe te e vyasanamAM DUbelI aneka jAtiomAM susaMskAra nAkhavA zaktizALI banela che. joke bauddha vagere bIjA saMpradAya paNa pitAnI pUrI tAkAtathI A susaMskArane mATe prayatna karatA hatA, paNa jene prayatna A dizAmAM atyAra sudhI cAlu che ane jyAM jenono prabhAva sAre che tyAM, A svairavihAranA svataMtra yugamAM paNa, musalamAna ane bIjA mAMsAhArI leke sudhdhAM khullaMkhullA mAMsa-dArUno upayoga karatAM saMkeca anubhave che. lokamAnya tilake sAcuM ja kahyuM che ke gujarAta vagere prAMtomAM prANurakSA ane nirmAsa bhajanane je Agraha che te jaina paraMparAne ja prabhAva che. jaina vicArasaraNIne eka maulika siddhAMta e che ke dareka vastuno vicAra vadhAremAM vadhAre pAsAM ane vadhAremAM vadhAre daSTibiMduothI kare, ane vivAdAspada viSayamAM potAnA sAva virodhI pakSanA abhiprAyane paNa eTalI ja sahAnubhUtithI samajavAno prayatna kare, jeTalI sahAnubhUti potAnA pakSa tarapha hoya; ane aMte samanvayarUpe ja jIvanavyavahArano pheMsale karavo. Ama to A siddhAMta badhAya vicArakanA jIvanamAM, eka ke bIje rUpe, kAma karatA ja rahe che, enA sivAya prajAjIvana ne te vyavasthita banI zake che ke na te zAMti meLavI zake che; chatAM jaina vicArakee e siddhAMtanI eTalI badhI carcA karI che, ane enA upara eTalo badho bhAra dIdho che ke jene lIdhe kaTTaramAM kaTTara virodhI saMpradAyane paNa kaMI ne kaMI preraNA maLatI ja rahI che. rAmAnujano viziSTAdvaita, e upaniSadanI bhUmikA upara Ubhe thayele anekAMtavAda ja che.

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76 jainadharmane prANa jaina paraMparAnA Adarza jaina saMskRtinA hRdayane samajavA mATe ApaNe DAka e Adarzone paricaya karavo paDaze, je pahelAMthI Aja sudhI jaina paraMparAmAM ekasarakhI rIte mAnya che ane pUjAya che. jenA para parAnI sAme sauthI prAcIna Adarza RSabhadeva ane emanA parivArane che. RSabhadeve pitAnA jIvanano sauthI moTo bhAga, prajApAlananI javAbadArInI sAthe bIjI je javAbadArIo emanA mAthe AvI paDI hatI, ene buddhipUrvaka adA karavAmAM vitAvyo hato. teoe e samayanA sAva abhaNa lekene lakhatAM-vAMcatAM zIkhavyuM. kazA kAmadhadha nahIM jANanArA vanavAsIone emaNe khetIvADI tathA sutAra, kuMbhAra vagerenA jIvanopayogI dhaMdhA zIkhavyA. aMdara aMdara kevI rIte vartavuM, kevI rIte niyamanuM pAlana karavuM, e paNa emaNe zIkhavyuM. pachI jyAre emane lAgyuM ke moTo putra bharata prajAnuM zAsana karavAnI badhI javAbadArIo adA karI zakaze, tyAre rAjyano bhAra ene soMpIne teo UMDA AdhyAtmika praznonI chaNAvaTa karavAne mATe ugra tapasvI banIne gherathI cAlI nIkaLyA. RSabhadevanI be putrIo brAhmI ane suMdarI nAme hatI. e yugamAM bahena-bhAI vacce lagnanI prathA pracalita hatI. suMdarIe A prathAno virodha karyo, ane pitAnI saumya tapasyAthI bhAI bharata upara e prabhAva pADyo ke jethI bhArate suMdarInI sAthe lagna karavAno vicAra mAMDI vALyo eTaluM ja nahIM balka, e eno bhakta banI gayo. adanA yama-yamIsUktamAM bhAI yame yamInI lagnanI mAgaNIne asvIkAra karyo, jyAre bahena suMdarIe bhAIbharatanI lagnanI mAgaNane tapasyAmAM pheravI dIdhI. AnA phaLarUpe bhAI-bahenanA lagnanI pratiSThita prathA nAbUda thaI gaI. RSabhadevanA bharata ane bAhubalI nAme putro vacce rAjyane

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jaina saMskRtinuM hRdaya 77 mATe bhayAnaka yuddha zarU thayuM. chevaTe hRdayuddha dvArA nikAla lAvavAne nizcaya thayo. bharatane pracaMDa prahAra niSphaLa gaye. jyAre bAhubalIne vAro Avyo ane bharata karatAM vadhAre zaktizALI bAhubalIne ema lAgyuM ke mArA muSTiprahArathI bhAratanI avazya durdazA thaze, tyAre eNe bhAI upara vijaya meLavavAnI paLane pitAnI jAta upara vijaya meLavavAmAM pheravI nAkhI. eNe ema vicAryuM ke rAjyane mATe yuddhamAM vijaya meLavavo ane vera-prativeranAM ane kuTuMbakalezanAM bI vAvavAM enA karatAM sAce vijaya ahaMkAra ane tRSNA upara vijaya meLavavAmAM ja che. eNe potAnA bAhubaLane upaga krodha ane abhimAna upara ja karyo, ane avairathI vairane pratikAra karavAne jIvaMta dAkhala besADyo. pariNAma e AvyuM ke aMte bharatane lebha ane garva paNa khaMDita thaI gayo. eka samaya evo hato ke jyAre kevaLa kSatriyomAM ja nahIM, badhAya vargomAM mAMsa khAvAnI prathA hatI. rojaba-rojanA bhojana mATe, sAmAjika utsavomAM, dhArmika anuSThAne avasare pazu-pakSIone vadha evo ja pracalita ane pratiSThita hatA ke jethI Aje nAriyeLa ane phaLonI bheTa. e yugamAM yadunaMdana nemikumAre eka ajaba pagaluM bharyuM. emaNe potAnA lagna vakhate bhejana mATe katala karavAmAM AvanAra nirdoSa pazu-pakSIonI vedanAbharI mUka vANIthI kavita thaIne nizcaya karyo ke jemAM nirdoSa pazu-pakSIone binajarUrI vadha thato hoya evA lagnathI saryuM ! Avo gaMbhIra nizcaya karIne teo, kAInI vAta kAne dharyA vinA, jAnamAMthI tarata ja pAchA pharI gayA. ane dvArakAthI sIdhA giranAra parvata upara jaIne emaNe tapasyA AdarI. kumAra avasthAmAM ja rAjaputrIne tyAga karIne ane dhyAna-tapano mArga apanAvIne emaNe e lAMbA samayathI pracalita pazu-pakSI-vadhanI prathA upara, pitAnI jAtanA dAkhalA uparathI, eTale sakhta prahAra karyo

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-wwwwwww^^ ^^^^^/vvvvvvvvvvvvv 78 jainadharmane prANa ke jethI AkhA gujarAtamAM, ane gujarAtathI prabhAvita thayelA bIjA prAMtamAM paNa, e prathA nAmazeSa thaI gaI ane Thera Thera Aja sudhI cAlI AvatI pAMjarApoLo jevI kapriya saMsthAomAM parivartita thaI gaI. pArzvanAthanA jIvanane Adarza kaMIka judo ja hato. emaNe ekavAra durvAsA jevA sahaja krodhI tApasa tathA enA anuyAyIonI khaphagI vaheravAnuM jokhama kheDIne paNa eka baLatA sApane lIlA lAkaDAmAMthI bacAvI levAno prayatna karyo. AnuM pariNAma e AvyuM ke Aje paNa jainonA prabhAvavALA kSetromAM koI sApa sudhdhAne mAratA nathI. dIrdhatapasvI mahAvIre paNa eka vakhata pitAnI ahiMsAvRttinI pUrNa sAdhanAno Avo ja paricaya Apyo hato. jyAre teo jaMgalamAM dhyAnamAM UbhA hatA tyAre eka pracaMDa viSadhare emane DaMkha mAryo. e samaye teo pitAnA dhyAnamAM acala rahyA, eTaluM ja nahIM, babbe emaNe e viSadhara upara maitrIbhAvanAne pravega karyo, jethI e prayoga "TTipratiSAcAM tajavI vaiyA: " e sUtranuM jIvanta daSTAMta banI gayo. teo jIvanaparyata, aneka prasaMgoe, yajJayAgAdi dhArmika kAryomAM thatI hiMsAne revAne pUrNa prayatna karatA ja rahyA. AvA AdarzothI ja jaina saMskRti prANavAna banI rahI che ane aneka musIbatanI vacce paNa eNe pitAnA AdarzonA hRdayane game tema karIne sAcavI rAkhavAne prayatna karyo che, je bhAratanA dhArmika, sAmAjika ane rAjakIya ItihAsamAM jIvita che. jyAre paNa e suga sAMpaDyo tyAre tyAgI tathA rAjA, maMtrI ane vepArI vagere gRhastha jaina saMskRtinA ahiMsA, saMyama ane tapanA Adarzone potAnI Dhabe pracAra karyo che. saMskRtine uddeza - saMskRti mAtrane uddeza che mAnavatAnA kalyANa tarapha AgaLa vadhavuM. A uddezane e tyAre ja sAdhI zake che ke jyAre e pitAne

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jaina saMskRtinuM hRdaya 79 janma ApanAra ane poSanAra rASTranA kalyANamAM phALo ApavA mATe hamezAM taiyAra heya. koI paNa saMskRtinAM bAhya aMge kevaLa abhyadayanA samaye ja vikase che ane e samaye ja e AkarSaka lAge che, paNa saMskRtinA hRdayanI vAta judI che. samaya Aphatane hoya ke abhyadayane, bane samayamAM enI anivArya jarUriyAta te hamezAM ekasarakhI ja hoya che. kaI paNa saMskRti, jyAM sudhI e bhAvinA ghaDataramAM pitAne phALo na Ape tyAM sudhI, kevaLa pitAnA ItihAsa ke yazagAthAonA AdhAre na to jIvita rahI zake che ke na te pratiSThA meLavI zake che. A dRSTie paNa jaina saMskRti aMge vicAra karavo saMgata che. ApaNe upara joI gayA chIe ke A saMskRti mULa pravRtti arthAta punarjanmathI chuTakAro meLavavAnI dRSTie AvirbhAva pAmI che. enA AcAra-vicAranuM AkhuM mALakhuM e lakSane anurUpa ja banyuM che. paNa ApaNe e paNa joIe chIe ke, Akhare e saMskRti vyakti sudhI ja sImita na rahI; eNe eka viziSTa samAjanuM rUpa dhAraNa karI lIdhuM. nivRtti ane pravRtti game te samAja hoya, e kevaLa nivRttinI bhulabhulAmaNIne AdhAre na te jIvI zake che, ke na te vAstavika nivRttinI sAdhanA ja karI zake che. je koI rIte nivRttine nahIM mAnavAvALA ane kevaLa pravRtticakranuM ja mahattva mAnavAvALA chevaTe e pravRttinA tophAna ane vaTaLamAM ja phasAIne bharI zakatAM hoya te e paNa eTaluM ja sAcuM che ke pravRttino AdhAra lIdhA vagara nivRtti kevaLa havAI kille ja banI jAya che. atihAsika ane dArzanika satya te e che ke pravRtti ane nivRtti, e mAnavakalyANanA eka ja sikakAnI be bAjuo che. jyAM sudhI doSanI nivRttinI sAthe ja saguNapreraka ane kalyANakara pravRttimAM baLa pUravAmAM na Ave tyAM sudhI koI mANasa doSe, bhUle,

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jainadharmane prANa bUrAI ane akalyANathI bacI nathI zakatA. kaI paNa mAMde mANasa apathya ane kupaththathI nivRtta thavAthI jIvato nathI rahI zakate; sAthe ja sAthe eNe pathyanuM sevana paNa karavuM ja joIe. jIvanane mATe zarIramAMthI bagADavALA lohIne kADhI nAkhavuM jeTaluM jarUrI che eTaluM ja enI nasomAM navA lehIne saMcAra kare e paNa jarUrI che. nivRttilakSI pravRtti RSabhadevathI laIne Aja sudhI nivRttigAmI kahevAtI jaina saMskRti paNa kaIne kaI rIte jIvita rahI che, te eka mAtra nivRttinA baLa upara nahIM, kiMtu kalyANakArI pravRttine AdhAre. je pravartakadhamI brAhmaNoe nivRttimArganAM suMdara tane apanAvIne eka vyApaka, kalyANakArI, evI saMskRtinuM nirmANa karyuM ke je gItAmAM sajIvana banIne Aje navA upayogI svarUpamAM gAMdhIjI dvArA pharI potAnuM saMskaraNa karI rahI che, te nivRttilakSI jaina saMskRti paNa kalyANalakSI jarUrI pravRttino AdhAra laIne ja atyAranI badalAyelI paristhitimAM jIvita rahI zakaze. jaina saMskRtimAM tatvajJAna ane AcAranA je mULa niyamo che, ane e je Adarzone Aja lagI pitAnI pUMjI mAnI rahela che, ene AdhAre e pravRttino evo maMgalakArI yoga sAdhI zake che ke je badhAne mATe kalyANakAra thAya. jaina paraMparAmAM paheluM sthAna che tyAgIonuM ane bIjuM che gRhasthanuM. tyAgIone pAMca mahAvrata svIkAravAnI je AjJA che te vadhAremAM vadhAre sadgaNomAM pravRtti karavAnI ke sadgaNapaSaka pravRttine mATe zakti pedA karavAnI prAthamika zarata mAtra che. hiMsA, asatya, cerI, parigraha vagere dethI bacyA vinA saguNamAM pravRtti thaI ja nathI zaktI. ane saguNapoSaka pravRttine jIvanamAM sthAna ApyA vinA hiMsA vagerethI bacI javuM, e paNa sarvathA asaMbhava che. je vyaktimAM sArvabhauma mahAvratane svIkAravAnI zakti na hoya ene mATe

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khavAmAM AvI AvyuM vagere de jaina saMskRtinuM hRdaya jaina paraMparAmAM aNuvratanI racanA karIne dhIme dhIme nivRtti tarapha AgaLa vadhavAno mArga paNa rAkhavAmAM Avyo che. AvA gRhasthane mATe hiMsA vagere deSothI amuka aMze bacavAnuM vidhAna karavAmAM AvyuM che, eno artha e ja che ke pahelAM gRhastha deSothI bacavAne abhyAsa kare. paNa sAthe ja sAthe enA mATe e Adeza paNa che ke je je doSane e dUra kare che te doSanA virodhI sadgaNone jIvanamAM sthAna Apate jAya. hiMsAne dUra karavI hoya te jIvanamAM prema ane AtmaupazyanA sadguNone pragaTa karavA joIe. satya bolyA vagara ane satya bolavAnuM baLa meLavyA vagara asatyathI nivRtti kevI rIte thaze? parigraha ane lebhathI bacavuM hoya te saMtoSa ane tyAga jevI guNapaSaka pravRttiomAM potAnI jAtane khapAvI devI ja paDaze. saMskRtine saMketa saMskRtimAtrane saMketa lAbha ane mahine ghaTADavA tathA nimULa karavA tarapha che; nahIM ke pravRttine nirmULa karavA tarapha. je pravRtti Asakti vagara na ja thaI zake evI hoya e ja tyAjya che; dA. ta., kAmAcAra ane vyaktigata parigraha vagere. je pravRttio samAjanAM dhAraNa, poSaNa ane eno vikAsa karanArI che te AsaktipUrvaka tema ja Asakti vagara paNa thaI zake che. eTalA mATe saMskRti kevaLa AsaktinA tyAga tarapha ja saMketa kare che. [daauciMga kha0 2, pR0 132-142]

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jaina tattvajJAna vizvanA khAdya ane AMtarika svarUpa viSe tathA tenA sAmAnya tema ja vyApaka niyamenA sabaMdhamAM je tAttvika dRSTie vicAraNA e tattvajJAna. AvI vicAraNA kAI eka ja deza, eka ja jAti ke eka ja prajAmAM udbhave che ane kramazaH vikAsa pAme che, ema nathI hatuM; paNa A jAtanI vicAraNA e manuSyatvanuM viziSTa svarUpa hAvAthI te vahelI ke meADI dareka dezamAM vasanAra dareka jAtinI mAnavaprajAmAM eche ke vatte aMze udbhave che, ane tevI vicAraNA judI judI prajAonA paraspara saMsaCne lIdhe, ane kAI vAra taddana svataMtrapaNe paNa, vizeSa vikAsa pAme che, tema ja sAmAnya bhUmikAmAMthI pasAra thaI te aneka rUpe phrUTAya che. pahelethI Aja sudhImAM bhUkhaMDa upara manuSyajAtie je tAttvika vicAraNA karI che te badhI Aje hayAta nathI, tema ja te badhI vicAraNAone kramika itihAsa paNa pUrNa paNe ApaNI sAme nathI, chatAM atyAre e vize je kAMI sAmagrI ApaNI sAme che ane e vize je kAMI theADu ghaNuM ApaNe jANIe chIe te uparathI eTaluM te nivivAdapaNe kahI zakAya ke tattvaciMtananI judI judI ane paraspara viAdhI dekhAtI game teTalI dhArAe hAya, chatAM e badhI vicAradhArAonuM sAmAnya svarUpa eka che, ane te e ke vizvanA

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jaina tattvajJAna 87 bAhya tema ja AMtarika svarUpanA sAmAnya ane vyApaka niyamanuM rahasya zodhI kADhavuM. ta-vijJAnanI utpattinuM mULa jema keAI eka manuSyavyakti prathamathI ja pUrNa nathI hotI, paNa te bAlya Adi judI judI avasthAomAMthI pasAra thavA sAthe ja pitAnA anubhavo vadhArI anukrame pUrNatAnI dizAmAM AgaLa vadhe che, tema manuSyajAti vize paNa che. manuSyajAtine paNa bAlya Adi kramika avasthAo apekSAvizeSe hoya ja che. tenuM jIvana vyaktinA jIvana karatAM ghaNuM ja lAMbuM ane vizALa hoI tenI bAlya vagere avasthAone samaya paNa teTale ja labe heya te svAbhAvika che. manuSya jAti jyAre kudaratane khoLe AvI ane teNe prathama bAhya vizva tarapha AMkha kholI tyAre tenI sAme adbhuta ane camatkArI vastuo tema ja banAvo upasthita thayAM. eka bAju sUrya, caMdra ane agaNita tArAmaMDaLa ane bIjI bAju samudra, parvata ane vizALa nadI pravAha tema ja meghagarjanAo ane vidyucamatkAe tenuM dhyAna kheMcyuM. manuSyanuM bhAnasa A badhA sthala padArthonA sUkSma ciMtanamAM pravRtta thayuM ane tene e vize aneka prazno udbhavyA. jema manuSyamAnasane bAhya vizvanA gUDha tema ja atisUkSma svarUpa vize ane tenA sAmAnya niyamo vize vividha prazno udbhavyA, tema tene AMtarika vizvanA gUDha ane atisUkSma svarUpa vize paNa vividha prazno udbhavyA. A praznonI utpatti te ja tatvajJAnanI utpattinuM prathama pagathiyuM e prazno game teTalA heya ane kALakrame temAMthI bIjA mukhya ane upaprazno paNa game teTalA janmyA hoya, chatAM ekaMdara A badhA praznone TUMkamAM nIce pramANe darzAvI zakAya. tAvika prazno . dekhItI rIte satata parivartana pAmatuM A bAhya vizva kayAre

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jainadharmane prANa utpanna thayuM haze? zemAMthI utpanna thayuM haze ? pitAnI meLe ja utpanna thayuM haze ke koIe utpanna karyuM haze ? ane utpanna thayuM na hoya te zuM A vizva ema ja hatuM ane che? je tenAM kAraNe hoya te te pite parivartana vinAnAM zAzvata ja hovAM joIe ke parivartanazIla hovAM joIe ? vaLI e kAraNe koI judI judI jAtanAM ja haze ke AkhA bAhya vizvanuM kAraNa mAtra ekarUpa je haze? A vizvanI vyavasthita ane niyamabaddha je saMcAlana ane racanA dekhAya che te buddhipUrvaka hevI joIe ke yaMtravat anAdisiddha hevI joIe ? je buddhipUrvaka vizvavyavasthA hoya te te kenI buddhine AbhArI che? zuM e buddhimAna tattva pite taTastha rahI vizvanuM niyamana kare che ke e pote ja vizvarUpe pariName che athavA dekhAya che? - uparanI rIte AMtarika vizvanA saMbaMdhamAM paNa prazno thayA ke je A bAhya vizvane upabhega kare che yA je bAhya vizva vize vicAra kare che te tatva zuM che? zuM e ahaMrUpa bhAsatuM tatva bAhya vizvanA jevI ja prakRtinuM che ke koI judA svabhAvanuM che? A AMtarika tattva anAdi che ke te paNa kyAreka koI anya kAraNamAMthI utpanna thayuM che? vaLI ahaMrUpe bhAsatAM aneka tattavo vastutaH judAM ja che ke keIeka mULa tatvanI nirmitio che ? A badhAM sajIva ta kharI rIte judAM ja hoya to te parivartanazIla che ke mAtra phUTastha che? e tane kadI aMta AvavAno ke kALanI dRSTie aMta rahita ja che? e ja rIte A badhAM dehamaryAdita to kharI rIte dezanI daSTie vyApaka che ke parimita che ? A ane AnA jevA bIjA ghaNA prazno tatvaciMtananA pradezamAM upasthita thayA. A badhA praznono ke temAMnA keTalAkane uttara ApaNe judI judI prajAonA tAttvika ciMtananA itihAsamAM aneka rIte joIe chIe. grIka vicArakee bahu jUnA vakhatathI A praznone

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jaina tattvajJAna 195 RNuvA mAMDelA. emanu' ci'tana aneka rIte vikAsa pAmyuM, je pAzcAtya tattvajJAnamAM khAsa mahattvanA bhAga zake che. AryAvartInA vicArakAe tA grIka ciMtA pahelAM hajArA varSo agAuthI A praznonA uttara meLavavA vividha prayatnA karelA, jenA pratihAsa ApaNI sAme spaSTa che. uttarAnuM sakSipta vargIkaraNa A vicArakAe eka eka prazna paratve ApelA judA judA uttarA ane te vize paNa matabhedanI zAkhAe apAra che, paNa sAmAnya rIte ApaNe TUMkamAM e uttarAnuM vargIkaraNa karIe te A pramANe karI zakAya : 1)eka vicArapravAha eveA zarU thaye ke te khAdya vizvane janya mAnatA, paNa te vizva kAI kAraNamAMthI taddana navuM ja-- --pahelAM na hoya tevu thayAnI nA pADatA ane ema kahetA ke jema dUdhamAM mAkhaNa chUpuM raheluM hAya che ane kayAreka mAtra AvirbhAva pAme che, tema A badhuM sthaLa vizva kAI sUkSma kAraNamAMthI mAtra AvirbhAva pAmye jAya che ane e mULa kAraNa te svata:siddhe anAdi che. khIjo vicArapravAha ema mAnatA ke A khAdya vizva kAI eka kAraNathI janmatuM nathI. tenAM svabhAvathI bhinna bhinna evAM aneka kAraNA che ane e kAraNeAmAM paNa vizva dUdhamAM mAkhaNanI peThe puM raheluM na hatuM, paraMtu jema judA judA lAkaDAnA TukaDA maLavAthI eka navI ja gADI taiyAra thAya che tema te bhinna bhinna jAtanAM mULa kAraNAnAM saMzleSaNa vizleSaNamAMthI A khAdya vizva taddana navuM ja utpanna thAya che. pahelA pariNAmavAdI ane khIjo kAryavAdI H e banne vicArapravAhe khAdya vizvanA AvirbhAva utpattinI bAbatamAM matabheda dharAvavA chatAM AMtarika vizvanA svarUpanI bAbatamAM sAmAnya rIte ekamata hatA. banne ema mAnatA ke ahaM nAmanuM Atmatattva anAdi che. nathI te kAInuM pariNAma ke nathI te kAI kAraNamAMthI utpanna

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jainadhama nA prANa 6 thayeluM. jema te Atmatattva anAdi che tema deza ane kALa e banne dRSTie te anaMta paNa che; ane te Atmatattva dehabhede bhinna bhinna che, vAstavika rIte te eka nathI. trIjo vicArapravAha evA paNa hatA ke je bAhya vizva ane AMtarika jIvajagata bannene kAI eka akhaMDa sattattvanuM pariNAma mAnatA ane mULamAM bAhya ke AMtarika jagatanI prakRti ke kAraNamAM kazA ja bheda mAnavA nA pADatA. jaina vicArapravAhanuM svarUpa uparanA traNa vacArapravAhane anukrame ApaNe ahIM prakRtivAdI, paramANuvAdI ane brahmavAdI nAmathI eLakhIzuM. AmAMthI prathamanA e vicArapravAhAne vizeSa maLatA ane chatAM tenAthI judA evA eka ceAtheA vicArapravAha paNa sAthe sAthe pravatA hatA. e vicArapravAha hatA te paramANuvAdI paNa te khIjA vicArapravAhanI peThe khAdya vizvanA kAraNabhUta paramANuone mULamAMthI judI judI jAtanA mAnavAnI tarapheNa karatA na hatA, paNa mULamAM badhA ja paramANue eka samAna prakRtinA che ema mAnatA. ane paramANuvAda svIkAravA chatAM temAMthI mAtra vizva utpanna thAya che ema paNa na mAnatAM, te prakRtivAdInI peThe pariNAma ane AvirbhAva mAnatA heAvAthI, ema kahetA ke paramANukuMjamAMthI bAhya vizva ApoApa pariName che. A rIte A ceAthA vicArapravAhanuM valaNa paramANuvAdanI bhUmikA upara prakRtivAdanA pariNAmanI mAnyatA tarapha hatuM. tenI eka vizeSatA e paNa hatI ke te samagra khAdya vizvane AvirbhAvavALuM na mAnatAM temAMthI keTalAMka kAryAMte utpattizIla paNu mAnatA. te ema kahetA ke bAhya vizvamAM keTalIya vastuo evI che ke je kAI puruSanA prayatna sivAya ja potAnA paramANurUpa kAraNAmAMthI janme che. tevI vastue talamAMthI telanI peThe potAnA kAraNamAMthI

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jaina tatvajJAna 87 mAtra AvirbhAva pAme che, paNa taddana navI utpanna nathI thatI; jyAre bAhya vizvamAM ghaNuM vastuo evI paNa che ke je pitAnAM jaDa kAraNe mAMthI utpanna thAya che, paNa pitAnI utpattimAM kaI puruSanA prayatnanI apekSA rAkhe che. je vastuo puruSanA prayatnanI madadathI janma le che te vastuo pitAnAM jaDa kAraNemAM talamAM telanI peThe pelI nathI hatI, paNa te te taddana navI ja utpanna thAya che. jema keI sutAra judA judA lAkaDAonA kaTakA ekaThA karI te uparathI eka ghoDe banAve tyAre te gheDe lAkaDAnA kaTakAomAM chupo nathI hota, jema ke talamAM tela hoya che, paNa ghoDo banAvanAra sutAranI buddhimAM kalpanArUpe hoya che ane te lAkaDAnA kaTakA dvArA mUrtarUpa dhAraNa kare che. je sutAra dhArata te e ja lAkaDAnA kaTakAmAMthI ghoDe na banAvatAM gAya, gADI ke bIjI tevI vastu banAvI zakata. talamAMthI tela kADhavAnI bAbata AthI taddana judI che. koI game teTale vicAra kare ke Icche chatAM te talamAMthI ghI ke mAkhaNa te na ja kADhI zake. A rIte prastuta cothe vicArapravAha paramANuvAdI chatAM eka bAju pariNAma ane AvirbhAva mAnavAnI bAbatamAM prakRtivAdI vicArapravAhanI sAthe maLatuM hatuM, ane bIjI bAju kArya tema ja utpattinI bAbatamAM paramANuvAdI bIjA vicArapravAhane maLatuM hatuM. - A te bAhya vizvanI bAbatamAM cothA vicArapravAhanI mAnyatA thaI paNa AtmatatvanI bAbatamAM te enI mAnyatA uparanA traNe vicArapravAho karatAM judI ja hatI. te mAnato ke dehabhede AtmA bhinna che, paraMtu e badhA ja AtmAo dezadaSTie vyApaka nathI tema ja mAtra phUTastha paNa nathI. e ema mAnatA ke jema bAhya vizva parivartanazIla che tema AtmAo paNa pariNamI hAI satata parivartanazIla che. Atmatatva saMkoca-vistArazIla paNa che ane tethI te dehapramANa che.

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jainadharmane prANa A the vicArapravAha te ja jaina tatvajJAnanuM prAcIna mULa che. bhagavAna mahAvIrathI pahelAM ghaNuM samaya agAuthI e vicArapravAha cAlyo Avato ane te potAnI Dhabe vikAsa sAdhatA tema ja sthira thatuM jatuM hatuM. Aje A cothA vicArapravAhanuM je spaSTa, vikasita ane sthira rUpa ApaNane prAcIna ke arvAcIna upalabdha jaina zAstromAM najare paDe che, te meTe bhAge bhagavAna mahAvIranA ciMtanane AbhArI che. jaina matanI mukhya zvetAmbara ane digambara be zAkhAo che. bannenuM sAhitya juduM juduM che, paraMtu jaina tattvajJAnanuM je svarUpa sthira thayeluM che te banne zAkhAomAM jarA paNa pheraphAra sivAya eka ja jevuM che. ahIM eka vAta khAsa noMdhavA jevI che ane te e ke vaidika tema ja bauddha matanA nAnAmoTA ghaNuM phAMTAo paDyA che. temAMthI keTalAka to ekabIjAthI taddana virodhI maMtavya dharAvanAra paNa che. e badhA phAMTAo vacce vizeSatA e che ke jyAre vaidika ane bauddha matanA badhA ja phAMTAo AcAraviSayaka matabheda uparAMta tatvaciMtananI bAbatamAMye keTalAka matabheda dharAve che, tyAre jaina matanA tamAma phAMTAo mAtra AcArabheda upara sarjAyelA che. temanAmAM tatvaciMtananI bAbatamAM koI maulika bheda hajI sudhI noMdhAyelo nathI. mAtra Arya tattvaciMtananA ItihAsamAM ja nahi, paNa mAnavIya tatvaciMtananA samagra ItihAsamAM A eka ja dAkhalo evo che ke ATalA badhA lAMbA vakhata viziSTa pratihAsa dharAvavA chatAM jenA tatvaciMtanane pravAha maulika rUpe akhaMDita ja rahyo hoya. pUrvIya ane pazcimIya tatvajJAnanI prakRtinuM talana tatvajJAna pUvaya heya ke pazcimIya he, paNa badhA ja tattvajJAnanA ItihAsamAM ApaNe joIe chIe ke tattvajJAna e mAtra jagata, jIva ane IzvaranA svarUpaciMtanamAM ja pUrNa nathI thatuM, paNa e potAnA pradezamAM cAritrano prazna paNa hAtha dhare che. e che ke te

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jaina tattvajJAna aMze, eka ke bIjI rIte, dareka tattvajJAna pitAmAM jIvanazodhananI mImAMsA samAve che. alabatta, pUrva ane pazcimIya tatvajJAnanA vikAsamAM A vize ApaNe cheDe taphAvata paNa joIe chIe. grIka tattvaciMtananI zarUAta mAtra vizvanA svarUpa vizenA praznomAMthI thAya che. AgaLa jatAM krizciyAniTI sAthe ene saMbaMdha joDAtAM emAM jIvanazaidhanane paNa prazna umerAya che, ane pachI e pazcimIya tattvaciMtananI eka zAkhAmAM jIvanadhananI mImAMsA khAsa bhAga bhajave che. TheTha arvAcIna samaya sudhI paNa romana ketholika saMpradAyamAM ApaNe tattvaciMtanane jIvanazodhananA vicAra sAthe saMkaLAyeluM joIe chIe, paraMtu Arya tattvajJAnanA itihAsamAM ApaNe eka khAsa vizeSatA joIe chIe ane te e ke Aya tatvajJAnanI zarUAta ja jANe jIvanazodhananA praznamAMthI thaI hoya tema lAge che. kAraNa ke Arya tattvajJAnanI vaidika, bauddha ane jaina e traNe mukhya zAkhAomAM ekasarakhI rIte vizvaciMtana sAthe jIvanazodhananuM ciMtana saMkaLAyeluM che. AryAvartanuM kaI paNa darzana evuM nathI ke je mAtra vizvaciMtana karI saMtoSa dhAraNa karatuM hoya, paNa tethI UlaTuM ApaNe ema joIe chIe ke dareka mukhya ke tenuM zAkhArUpa darzana jagata, jIva ane Izvara paratve pitAnA viziSTa vicAro darzAvI chevaTe jIvanazodhananA praznane ja chaNe che ane jIvanazodhananI prakriyA darzAvI virAma pAme che. tethI ApaNe dareka Arya darzananA mULa graMthamAM zarUAtamAM mokSano uddeza ane aMtamAM teno ja upasaMhAra jaIe chIe. A ja kAraNane lIdhe sAMkhyadarzana jema pitAno viziSTa yoga dharAve che ane te yogadarzanathI abhinna che, tema nyAya, vaizeSika ane vedAMta darzanamAM paNa yeganA mULa siddhAMto che. bauddha darzanamAM paNa enI viziSTa vegaprakriyAo khAsa sthAna karyuM che. e ja rIte jaina darzana paNa gaprakriyA vize pUrA vicAro darzAve che.

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jainadharmane prANa jIvanazodhananA maulika praznonI ekatA A rIte ApaNe joyuM ke jaina darzanamAM mukhya be bhAga cheH eka tatvaciMtanane ane bIje jIvanazodhanano. ahIM eka vAta khAsa noMdhavA jevI che ane te e ke vaidika darzananI koI paNa paraMparA le ke bauddha darzananI kaI paraMparA che ane tene jena darzananI paraMparA sAthe sarakhAvo te eka vastu spaSTa jaNAze ke A badhI paraMparAomAM je bheda che te be bAbatamAM che eka te jagata, jIva ane IzvaranA svarUpaciMtana para ane bIje AcAranAM sthaLa tema ja bAhya vidhividhAno ane sthULa raheNIkaraNI vize. paNa Arya dAnanI dareka paraMparAmAM jIvanazodhanane lagatA maulika prazno ane tenA uttaramAM jarA paNa taphAvata nathI. kAI Izvara mAne ke nahi, kaI prakRtivAdI hoya ke kaI paramANuvAdI, kAI Atmabheda svIkAre ke AtmAnuM ekatva svIkAre, kaI AtmAne vyApaka ane nitya mAne ke kAI tethI UlaTuM mAne, e ja rIte koI yajJayAga dvArA bhakti upara bhAra mUke ke koI vadhAre kaDaka niyamane avalaMbI tyAga upara bhAra mUke; paNa dareka paraMparAmAM ATalA prazno ekasarakhA che : duHkha che ke nahi ? heya te tenuM kAraNa zuM? te kAraNane nAza zakya che? ane zakya hoya te kaI rIte? chevaTanuM sAdhya zuM hovuM joIe ? A praznonA uttaro paNa dareka paraMparAmAM eka ja che. bhale zabdabheda hoya, saMkSepa ke vistAra heya, chatAM darekane uttara e ja che ke avidyA ane tRSNa e duHkhanAM kAraNe che. tene nAza saMbhavita che. vidyArthI ane tRSNA cheda dvArA duHkhanAM kAraNone nAza thatAM ja duHkha ApoApa nAza pAme che, ane e ja jIvananuM mukhya sAdhya che. Arya darzananI paraMparA jIvanazodhananA maulika vicAra vize ane tenA niyama vize taddana ekamata che. tethI ahIM jaina darzana vize kAMI paNa kahetAM mukhyapaNe tenI jIvanazodhananI mImAMsAnuM ja saMkSepamAM kathana karavuM vadhAre prAsaMgika che.

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jaina tattvajJAna jIvanazeAdhananI jaina prakriyA jaina darzana kahe che ke AtmA svAbhAvika rIte zuddha ane saccidAna darUpa che. enAmAM je azuddhi, vikAra yA. duHkharUpatA dekhAya che te ajJAna ane mehaMnA anAdi pravAhane AbhArI che. ajJAnane ghaTADavA ane taddana naSTa karavA tema meAhanA vilaya karavA jaina darzana eka bAju vivekazakti vikasAvavA kahe che ane khIjI bAju te rAgadveSanA saMskArA naSTa karavA kahe che. jaina darzana AtmAne traNa bhUmikAemAM vaheMcI nAkhe che. jyAre ajJAna ane mehanuM pU prAbalya hAya ane tene lIdhe AtmA vAstavika tattva vicArI na zake tema ja satya ne sthAyI sukhanI dizAmAM eka paNa pagaluM bharavAnI icchA sudhdhAM na karI zake, tyAre e ahirAtmA kahevAya che. jIvanI prathama bhUmikA thaI. A bhUmikA hoya tyAM sudhI punarjanmanuM cakra baMdha paDavAne kadI sabhava ja nathI ane laukika dRSTie game teTalA vikAsa dekhAya chatA kharI rIte e AtmA avikasita ja heAya che. zul vivekazaktinA prAdubha va jyAre thAya ane rAgadveSanA saMskArAnuM baLa ghaTavA mAMDe tyAre bIjI bhUmikA zarU thAya che. ene jaina darzana aMtarAtmA kahe che. A bhUmikA vakhate joke dehadhAraNane upayAgI evI badhI dunyavI pravRtti echIvattI cAlatI heAya che, chatAM vivekazaktinA vikAsanA pramANamAM ane rAgadveSanI maMdatAnA pramANamAM e pravrutti anAsaktivALI hoya che. A bIjI bhUmikAmAM pravRtti hovA chatAM temAM aMtarathI nivRttinuM tattva hoya che. 91 khIjI bhUmikAnAM saMkhyAbaMdha caDatAM pagathiyAM jyAre vaTAvI devAya tyAre AtmA paramAtmAnI dazAne prApta thayA kahevAya che. A jIvanasAdhananI chellI bhUmikA ane pUrNa bhUmikA che.1jaina darzIna kahe che A bhUmikAe pahoMcyA pachI punarjanmanuM cakra haMmezane mATe taddana thaMbhI jAya che. ke

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jainadhama nA prANa ApaNe uparanA sakSipta varNana uparathI joI zakIe chIe ke aviveka ( mithyAdRSTi) ane mAha ( tRSNA ) e e ja saMsAra che athavA saMsAranAM kAraNA che. tethI UlaTu', viveka ane vItarAgatva e ja meAkSa che athavA meAkSane mArga che. A ja jIvanazodhananI saMkSipta jaina mImAMsA aneka jaina graMthamAM aneka rIte, sakSepa ke vistArathI, tema judI judI paribhASAomAM va`velI maLe che, ane A ja jIvanamImAMsA akSarazaH vaidika tema ja bauddha danAmAM pazu pade pade najare paDe che. kaMIka vizeSa sarakhAmaNI 92 upara tattvajJAnanI maulika jaina vicArasaraNI ane AdhyAtmika vikAsakramanI jaina vicArasaraNIne bahu ja TrakamAM nirdezo che. e ja vicArane vadhAre spaSTa karavA ahIM bhAratIya khIjA daneAnA vicArA sAthe kAMIka sarakhAmaNI karavI yAgya che. () jaina darzana jagatane mAyAvAdInI peThe mAtra AbhAsa ke mAtra kAlpanika nathI mAnatuM, paNa e jagatane sat mAne che. tema chatAM jaina dana saMmata sat--tattva e cArvAkanI peThe kevaLa jaDa arthAt sahaja caitanyarahita nathI. e ja rIte jaina darzana saMmata sattattva e zAMkara vedAMta pramANe kevaLa caitanyamAtra paNa nathI. paraMtu jema sAMkhya, yAga, nyAya, vaizeSika, pUrvamImAMsA ane bauddha dana sat-tattvane taddana svataMtra tema ja paraspara bhinna evA jaDa tema ja cetana e bhAgAmAM vaheMcI nAkhe che, tema jaina darzana paNa sat--tattvanI anAdisiddha jaDa tathA cetana evI e prakRti svIkAre che, je deza ane kALanA pravAhamAM sAthe rahevA chatAM mULamAM taddana svataMtra che. jema nyAya, vaizeSika ane ceAgadarzana Adi ema svIkAre che ke A jagatanuM viziSTa kArya svarUpa bhale jaDa ane cetana e padArtho uparathI ghaDAtuM hAya, chatAM e kAryanI pAchaLa kAI anAdisiddha sama cetanazaktine '

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jaina tattvajJAna 3 hAtha che, e IzvarIya hAtha sivAya AvuM adbhuta kA saMbhavI zake nahi, tema jaina dRna nathI mAnatuM, e prAcIna sAMkhya, pUrvamImAMsaka ane bauddha AdinI peThe mAne che ke jaDa ane cetana e e sat-pravAhe ApeAApa, kAI trIjI viziSTa zaktinA hAtha sivAya ja, cAlyA kare che, ane tethI A jagatanI utpatti ke vyavasthA mATe Izvara jevI svataMtra anAdisiddha vyakti svIkAravAnI e nA pADe che. joke jaina darzana nyAya, vaizeSika, bauddha AdinI peThe jaDa sat-tattvane anAdisiddha anaMta vyaktirUpa svIkAre che, ane sAMkhyanI peThe eka vyaktirUpa nathI svIkAratuM, chatAM te sAMkhyanA prakRtigAnI sahaja pariNAmavAdane anaMta paramANu nAmaka jaDa sattvatattvAmAM sthAna Ape che. A rIte jaina mAnyatA pramANe jagatane parivartana-pravAha ApameLe ja cAle che, tema chatAM jaina darzana eTaluM te spaSTa kahe che ke vizvamAMnI je ghaTanAe kAInAM buddhi ane prayatnane AbhArI dekhAya che te ghaTanAonI pAchaLa Izvarane nahi paNa te dhaTanAonA pariNAmamAM bhAgIdAra thanAra saMsArI jIvanA hAtha che, eTale ke tevI ghaTanAe jANe-ajANe kAI ne kAI saMsArI jIvanAM buddhi ane prayatnane AbhArI heAya che. A bAbatamAM prAcIna sAMkhya ane bauddha darzana jaina darzana jevA ja vicAre dharAve che. vedAnta darzana pramANe jaina dana sacetana tattvane eka ke akhaMDa nathI mAnatuM, paNa sAMkhya, yAga, nyAya, vaizeSika tema ja bauddha AdinI peThe e sacetana tattvane aneka vyaktirUpe mAne che. tema chatAM emanI sAthe paNa jaina darzananA thADA matabheda che, ane te e che ke jaina darzananI mAnyatA pramANe sacetana tattva bauddha mAnyatAnI jema dhruvaLa parivartana pravAha nathI, tema ja sAMkhyanyAya AdinI peThe mAtra phUTastha paNa nathI, kintu jaina darzana kahe che ke mULamAM sacetana tattva dhruva arthAt anAdi-anaMta heAvA chatAM e dezakALanI asara dhAraNu

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jainadhamanA prANa 94 karyo sivAya rahI zakatuM nathI. eTale jaina mata pramANe jIva paNa jaDanI peThe pariNAminitya che. jaina darzana zvira jevI kAI vyaktine taddana svataMtrapaNe nathI mAnatuM, chatAM e IzvaranA samagra guNA jIvamAtramAM svIkAre che, tethI jaina darzana pramANe pratyeka jIvamAM IzvarapaNAnI zakti che--bhale te AvaraNathI dabAyelI hAya; paNa jo jIva ceAgya dizAmAM prayatna kare teA e peAtAmAM rahelI IzvarIya zaktine pUrNapaNe vikasAvI pote ja kSira bane che. A rIte jaina mAnyatA pramANe izvaratattvane alAyaduM sthAna na hovA chatAM te zviratattvanI mAnyatA dharAve che ane tenI upAsanA paNa svIkAre che. je je jIvAtmA kavAsanAothI pUrNa paNe mukta thayA te badhA ja samAnabhAve Izvara che. temaneA Adaza sAme rAkhI pAtAmAM rahelI tevI ja pUrNa zakti prakaTAvavI e jaina upAsanAnuM dhyeya che. jema zAMkara vedAMta mAne che ke jIva pAte ja brahma che, tema jaina darzIna kahe che ke jIva pote ja SThira ke paramAtmA che. vedAMtadana pramANe jIvatA brahmabhAva avidyAthI AvRta che ane avidyA dUra thatAM anubhavamAM Ave che, tema jaina dana pramANe jIvane paramAtmabhAva Avruta che ane te AvaraNa dUra thatAM pUrNa paNe anubhavamAM Ave che. A bAbatamAM kharI rIte jaina ane vedAMta vacce vyaktibahuta sivAya kazA ja bheda nathI. (6) jaina zAstramAM je sAta tattva kahelAM che temAMthI mULa jIva ane ajIva e e tattva vize upara sarakhAmaNI karI. have bAkI kharI rIte pAMcamAMthI cAra tattvA ja rahe che. A cAra tattvA jIvanazeAdhanane lagatAM athavA AdhyAtmika vikAsakramane lagatAM che, jene cAritrIya tattvA paNa kahI zakAya. badha, Asava, savara ane mekSa e cAra tattvo che. A tavAne bauddha zAomAM anukrame du:kha, duHkha 1. nirAtattvane ahIM gaNatarImAM nathI lIdhuM. AMzikaka kSaya te nijA che ane sarjAze kamakSaya te mekSa che.-sa`pAdaka

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jaina tatvajJAna hetu, nirvANumArga ane nirvANu e cAra Aryasatya tarIke varNavelAM che. sAMkhya ane zAstramAM ene ja heya, heyahetu, hAne pAya ane hAna kahI caturvyUha tarIke varNavela che. nyAya ane vaizeSika darzanamAM paNa e ja vastu saMsAra, mithyAjJAna, samyaphajJAna ane apavarganAM nAma ApI varNavela che. vedAMta darzanamAM saMsAra, avidyA, brahmasAkSAtkAra ane brahmabhAvanA nAmathI e ja vastu darzAvavAmAM AvI che. jaina darzanamAM bahirAbhA, antarAtmA ane paramAtmAnI traNa saMkSipta bhUmikAone jarA vistArI cauda bhUmikArUpe paNa varNavelI che, je jaina paraMparAmAM guNasthAnanA nAmathI jANItI che. yogavAsika jevA vedAntanA granthamAM paNa sAta ajJAnanI ane sAta jJAnanI ema cauda Atmika bhUmikAonuM varNana che. sAMkhyayoga darzananI kSipta, mUDha, vikSipta, ekAgra ane niddha e pAMca cittabhUmikAo paNa e ja cauda bhUmikAonuM saMkSipta vargIkaraNa mAtra che. bauddha darzanamAM paNa e ja AdhyAtmika vikAsakramane pRthajana, saMtApanna Adi tarIke cha bhUmikAomAM vaheMcI varNavela che. A rIte ApaNe badhAM ja bhAratIya darzanemAM saMsArathI mekSa sudhInI sthiti, tene krama ane tenAM kAraNe vize taddana eka mata ane eka vicAra vAMcIe chIe tyAre prazna thAya che ke jyAre badhAM ja darzananA vicAromAM maulika ekatA che tyAre paMtha paMtha vacce kadI na saMdhAya e ATale badho bheda kema dekhAya che? Ano uttara spaSTa che. pathenI bhinnatA mukhya be vastuone AbhArI cheH tatvajJAnanI judAI ane bAhya AcAra-vicAranI judAI keTalAka paze te evA ja che ke jemanA bAhya AcAra-vicAramAM taphAvata hovA uparAMta tattvajJAnanI vicArasaraNImAM paNa amuka bheda heAya chejema ke vedAnta, bauddha ane jaina Adi paMthe. vaLI keTalAka patho ke tenA phAMTAo evA paNa hoya che ke jemanI tattvajJAnaviSayaka

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jainadhama nA prANa 96 vicArasaraNImAM khAsa bheda hAtA ja nathI; temanA bheda mukhyatve khAdya AcArane avalakhI UbhA thayelA ane peASAyelA hoya che; dAkhalA tarIke jaina darzananI zvetAMbara, digabara ane sthAnakavAsI e traNe zAkhAo gaNAvI zakAya. AtmAne kAI eka mAne ke kAI aneka mAne, kAI Izvarane mAne ke kAI na mAne tyAdi tAttvika vicAraNAne bheda buddhinA taratamabhAva upara nirbhara che ane e taratamabhAva anivAya che. e ja rIte khAdya AcAra ane niyameAnA bhedo buddhi, ruci tema ja paristhitinA bhedamAMthI janme che. kAI kAzI jaI gaMgAsnAna ane vizvanAthanA darzanamAM pavitratA mAne; kAI ddagayA ane sAranAtha jaI yudghanA darzanamAM kRtakRtyatA mAne; kAI zatruMjayane bheTI saphaLatA mAne, kAI makkA ane jesalema jaI dhanyatA mAne; e ja rIte kAI agiyArasanA tapa-upavAsane atipavitra gaNe; khIjo kAI aSTamI ane caturdazInA vratane mahattva Ape; kAI tapa upara bahu bhAra na ApatAM dAna upara Ape te khIjo kAI tapa upara paNa vadhAre bhAra Ape. A rIte para'parAgata bhinna bhinna saMskAranuM peSaNa ane rucibhedanuM mAnasika vAtAvaraNa anivArya hovAthI khAdyAcAra ane pravRttinA bheda kadI bhUsAvAne nahi. bhedanI utpAdaka ane peSaka ATalI badhI vastuo chatAM satya evuM che ke te kharI rIte khaMDita thatu' ja nathI. tethI ja ApaNe uparanI AdhyAtmika vikAsakramane lagatI tulanAmAM joI e chIe ke game te rIte, game te bhASAmAM ane game te rUpamAM jIvananuM satya ekasarakhuM ja badhA anubhavI tattvajJAnA anubhavamAM pragaTa thayuM che. prastuta vaktavya pUru karu te pahelAM jaina darzananI samAnya e vizeSatAonA ullekha karI dauM : anekAMta ane ahiMsA e e muddAonI carcA upara ja AkhA jaina sAhityanuM maMDANa che. jaina

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jaina tatvajJAna AcAra ane saMpradAyanI vizeSatA A be bAbatothI ja batAvI zakAya. satya kharI rIte eka ja hoya che, paNa manuSyanI dRSTi tene eka rIte grahaNa karI zakatI ja nathI. tethI satyanA darzana mATe manuSya pitAnI daSTimaryAdA vikasAvavI joIe ane temAM satyagrahaNanI saMbhavita badhI ja rItone sthAna ApavuM joIe. A udAtta ane vizALa bhAvanAmAMthI anekAMtanI vicArasaraNuno janma thayelo che. e saraNuM kAMI vAdavivAdamAM jaya meLavavA mATe ke vitaMDAvAdanI sAThamArI ramavA mATe agara te zabdachaLanI AMTIghUMTI khelavA mATe nathI jAyelI; paNa e te jIvanazodhananA eka bhAga tarIke vivekazaktine vikasAvavA ane satyadarzananI dizAmAM AgaLa vadhavA mATe jAyelI che. tethI anekAMta vicArasaraNIno kharo artha e che ke satyadarzanane lakSamAM rAkhI tenA badhA aMze ane bhAgone eka vizALa mAnasavartuLamAM yogya rIte sthAna ApavuM. jema jema mANasanI vivekazakti vadhe che tema tema tenI dRSTimaryAdA vadhavAne lIdhe tene pitAnI aMdara rahelI saMkucitatAo ane vAsanAonA dabANanI sAme thavuM paDe che. jyAM sudhI mANasa saMkucitatAo ane vAsanAo sAme na thAya tyAM sudhI te potAnA jIvanamAM ane kAMtanA vicArane vAstavika sthAna ApI ja nathI zakatA. tethI ane kAMtanA vicAranI rakSA ane vRddhinA praznamAMthI ja ahiMsAno prazna Ave che. jaina ahiMsA e mAtra cupacApa besI rahevAmAM ke dhaMdhodhA choDI devAmAM ke mAtra lAkaDA jevI nizreSTa sthiti sAdhavAmAM nathI samAtI, paNa e ahiMsA kharA Atmika baLanI apekSA rAkhe che. keI paNa vikAra Ubho thaye, koIvAsAe DakiyuM kADhayuM ke koI saMkucitatA manamAM sarakI tyAM jaina ahiMsA ema kahe che ke tuM e vikAro, e vAsanAo, e saMkucitatAothI na haNA, na hAra, na dabA. tuM enI sAme jhajhUma ane e virodhI

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jainadharmane prANa baLane chata. A AdhyAtmika jaya mATe prayatna e ja mukhya jaina ahiMsA che. Ane saMyama kahe, tapa kahe, dhyAna kahe ke kaI paNa tevuM AdhyAtmika nAma Ape, paNa e vastutaH ahiMsA ja che. ane jaina darzana ema kahe che ke ahiMsA e mAtra sthUla AcAra nathI, paNa te zuddha vicAranA paripAkarUpe avatarele jIvanetkarSaka AcAra che. upara varNavela ahiMsAnA sUkSma ane vAstavika rUpamAMthI koI paNa bAhyAcAra janmyo hoya agara e sUkSma rUpanI puSTi mATe kaI AcAra ni hoya to tene jaina tatvajJAnamAM ahiMsA tarIke sthAna che. tethI UlaTuM, dekhItI rIte ahiMsAmaya game te AcAra ke vyavahAranA mULamAM je uparanuM ahiMsAnuM AMtarika tatva saMbaMdha na dharAvatuM hoya te te AcAra ane te vyavahAra jaina daSTie ahiMsA che ke ahiMsAnA piSaka che ema na kahI zakAya. ahIM jaina tatvajJAnane lagatA vicAramAM prameyacarcA jANune ja laMbAvI nathI. mAtra e vizenI jaina vicArasaraNIne izAre karyo che. AcAranI bAbatamAM paNa koI bahAranA niyamo ane baMdhAraNa vize jANIne ja carcA nathI karI, paNa AcAranA mULa tonI jIvanazodhana rUpe saheja carcA karI che, jene jaina paribhASAmAM ADhava, saMvara Adi to kahevAmAM Ave che. [daaciM- bhAga 2, pR. 1009-1061]

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AdhyAtmika vikAsakrama mekSa eTale AdhyAtmika vikAsanI pUrNatA. AvI pUrNatA kAMI ekAeka prApta thaI zakatI nathI, kAraNa, tene prApta karavAmAM amuka vakhata vyatIta kare paDe che, tethI ja mokSa meLavavA mATe AdhyAtmika utkAntino krama svIkAravuM paDe che. tattvajijJAsuonA hRdayamAM svAbhAvika rIte ja evo prazna udbhave che ke A AdhyAtmika utkrAMtino krama kevA prakArano hoya che? AtmAnI traNa avasthA - AdhyAmika utkrAMtinA kramane vicAra AvatAM ja tenI sAthe tenA AraMbhano ane samAptino vicAra Ave che. teno AraMbha e tenI pUrva sImA ane tenI samApti e tenI uttara sImA. pUrva sImAthI uttara sImA sudhI vikAsano vRddhikrama e ja AdhyAtmika utkrAntikamanI maryAdA. tenA pahelAMnI sthiti e AdhyAtmika avikAsa athavA prAthamika saMsAradazA, ane tenI pachInI sthiti e mekSa athavA AdhyAtmika vikAsanI pUrNatA. A rIte kALanI dRSTie saMkSepamAM AtmAnI avasthA traNa bhAgamAM vahecAI jAya che. () AdhyAtmika avikAsa, () AdhyAtmika vikAsakrama, (4) ekSa. 34. AtmA sthAyI sukha ane pUrNa jJAna mATe talase che tema ja te duHkha ke ajJAnane jarAye pasaMda karatA nathI. chatAM te duHkha

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100 jainadharmano prANa ane ajJAnanA vamaLamAM gothAM khAya che, tenuM zuM kAraNa A eka gUDha prazna che. paNa tene uttara tattvone phurela che. te e che ke " sukha ane jJAna meLavavAnI svAbhAvika vRttithI AtmAnuM pUrNAnaMda ane pUrNajJAnamaya svarUpa sAbita thAya che, kAraNa ke te jyAM sudhI pUrNAnaMda ane pUrNa jJAna na meLave tyAM sudhI saMtoSa pAmI zakatA nathI; chatAM tenA upara ajJAna ane rAgadeSanA evA prabaLa saMskAra che ke jene lIdhe te kharA sukhanuM bhAna karI zakatA nathI, agara kAMIka bhAna thayuM te paNa te kharA sukhanI prApti mATe pravRtti karI zakate nathI." ajJAna e cetanAnA phuraNanuM vidhI tattva che. tethI jyAM sudhI ajJAnanI tIvratA hoya tyAM sudhI cetanAnuM skuraNa atyaMta maMda hoya che. tene lIdhe kharA sukha ane kharA sukhanA sAdhanane bhAsa ja thavA pAmato nathI. A kAraNathI AtmA pote eka viSayamAM sukha maLavAnI dhAraNuthI pravRtti kare che ane temAM chevaTe nirAza thavAthI bIjA viSaya tarapha vaLe che. bIjA viSayamAM nirAza thatAM vaLI trIjA viSaya tarapha doDe che. A rIte tenI sthiti vamaLamAM paDela lAkaDAnA jevI ke vaMToLiyAmAM UDatA taNakhalA jevI thaI jAya che. AvI kaSTaparaMparA anubhavatAM kAMIka ajJAna ochuM thAya che, teya rAgadveSanI tIvratAne lIdhe sukhanI kharI dizAmAM prayANa karI zakAtuM nathI. ajJAnanI sahaja maMdatAthI ghaNIvAra evuM bhAna thAya che ke sukha ane du:khanAM bIja bAhya jagatamAM nathI, chatAM rAgadveSanI tIvratAne pariNAme pUrvaparicita viSayane ja sukha ane duHkhanAM sAdhana bhAnI temAM harSa ane viSAdano anubhava thayA kare che. A sthiti cakkasa lakSya vinAnI hovAthI dizAno ekkasa nizcaya karyA sivAya vahANa haMkAranAra khalAsInI sthiti jevI che. A ja sthiti AdhyAtmika avikAsakALanI che. - 4. ajJAna ane rAgadveSanA cakranuM baLa paNa hamezAM jevuM ne tevuM na ja rahI zake, kAraNa, te baLa game teTaluM vadhAre hoya te paNa

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AdhyAtmika vikAsakrama 101 chevaTe Atmika baLa sAme te agaNya che. lAkhA maNa dhAsa ane lAkaDAMne khALavA teTalA ja agninI jarUra nathI hatI; te mATe tA agninA eka kaNa paNa asa che. zubha, pramANamAM gheADuM hAya tApaNu te lAkheAgaNA azubha karatAM vadhAre baLavAna heAya che. jyAre AtmAmAM cetanatAnuM sphuraNa saheja vadhe che ane rAgadveSa sAthenA AtmAnA yuddhamAM jyAre rAgadveSanI zakti ghaTe che, tyAre AtmAnuM vI, je atyAra sudhI UlaTI dizAmAM kAma karatuM, te kharI dizAmAM vaLe che. te ja vakhate AtmA potAnA dhyeyane nirdhAra karI te meLavavA dRDha nizcaya karI le che ane te mATe te pravRtti karavA lAge che. A vakhate AdhyAtmika vikAsane pAyA naMkhAya che. have pachI AtmA peAtAnI jJAna ane vIzaktinI madada laI ajJAna ane rAgadveSa sAthe kustI karavA akhADAmAM UtarI jAya che; kadAca te kayAreka hAra khAya che, paNa chevaTe te hAranA pariNAme ja vadhela jJAna ane vI - zaktine laI harAvanAra ajJAna ane rAgadveSane dabAvatA ja jAya che. jema jema te dabAvatA jAya che tema tema tene utsAha vadhatA jAya che. utsAhavRddhi sAthe ja eka apUrva AnaMdanI lahera chUTe che, ane AnaMdanI laharImAM Anakhazikha DUbela AtmA ajJAna tema ja rAgadveSanA cakrane vadhAre ne vadhAre niLa karatA pAtAnI sahaja sthiti taraph AgaLa vadhatA jAya che. A sthiti AdhyAtmika vikAsakramanI che. . A sthitinI chevaTanI maryAdA e ja vikAsanI pUrNatA. A pUrNatA prApta thaI eTale saMsArathI para sthiti prApta thaI. temAM kevaLa svAbhAvika AnaMda ja sAmrAjya heAya che. A meAkSakALa. cauda guNasthAna ane tenI samajUtI jaina sAhityanA prAcIna graMthe, je AgamanA nAmathI oLakhAya che, temAM sudhdhAM AdhyAtmika vikAsanA krama sabaMdhI vicArA vyavasthita rIte maLI Ave che. temAM Atmika sthitinA cauda vibhAge karavAmAM

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102 jainadharmane prANa AvyA che, je guNasthAnane nAme oLakhAya che. guNasthAna-guNa eTale AtmAnI cetanA, samyatva, cAritra, vIya Adi zaktio. sthAna eTale te zakitaonI zuddhatAnI taratamabhAvavALI avasthAo. AtmAnA sahaja guNe vividha AvaraNathI saMsAradazAmAM AvRta che. jema jema AvaraNanI viralatA ke kSayanuM pramANa jeTaluM vizeSa teTalI guNanI zuddhi vizeSa ane AvaraNanI viralatA ke kSayanuM pramANa jeTaluM ochuM teTalI guNonI zuddhi ochI. A rIte Atmika guNanI zuddhinA prakarSa ke apakarSavALA asaMkhyAta prakAre saMbhave che, paNa saMkSepamAM tene cauda bhAgamAM vaheMcI nAkhelA che, je guNasthAna kahevAya che. guNasthAnanI kalpanA mukhyatayA mehanIya kamanI viralatA ane kSayane AdhAre karavAmAM AvI che. mohanIya kamanI mukhya be zakitao che. pahelI zaktinuM kArya AtmAnA samyaktva guNane AvRta karavAnuM che, jethI AtmAmAM tAtvika ruci ke satyadarzana thavA pAmatuM nathI. bIjI zaktinuM kArya AtmAnA cAritraguNane AvRta karavAnuM che, jethI AtmA tAvika ci ke satyadarzana thayA chatAM paNa tadanusAra pravRtti karI svarUpalAbha karI zakatA nathI. samyaktvanI pratibaMdhaka evI mohanIyanI prathama zakti darzanamohanIya ane cAritranI pratibaMdhaka evI mehanIyanI bIjI zakita cAritramehanIya kahevAya che. A bemAM darzanamohanIya prabaLa che, kAraNa ke jyAM sudhI tenI viralatA ke kSaya na thAya tyAM sudhI cAritramehanIyanuM baLa ghaTatuM nathI. darzanamohanIyanuM baLa ghaTayuM eTale cAritramehanIya krame krame nirbaLa thaI chevaTe sarvathA kSINa thavAnuM ja. samasta karmavaraNamAM pradhAnatama ane balavattama mohanIya ja che. tenuM kAraNa e che ke jyAM sudhI mehanIyanI zakti tIvra hoya tyAM sudhI anya AvaraNo tIvra ja rahe che ane tenI zakti ghaTatAM ja anya AvaraNanuM baLa maMda thatuM jAya che. A ja kAraNathI guNasthAnanI kapanA mehanIya karmanA taratamabhAvane AdhAre karavAmAM AvI che.

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AdhyAtmika vikAsakrama 103 te gurusthAnA A pramANe: (1) mithyAdaSTi,1 (2) sAsvAdana, (3) samyak mithyAdaSTi, (4) aviratasamyagdaSTi, (5) dezavirati ( viratAvirata ), (6) pramattasayata, (7) apramattasayata, (8) apUrNAMkaraNa ( nivRttikhAdara ), (9) anivRttimAdara, (10) sukSmasa'parAya, (11) upazAMtameAha, (12) kSINameAha, (13) sayeAgakaivalI, (14) ayeAgadevalI. (1) je avasthAmAM guNa AvRta thayelA heAvAthI nathI ane jethI tenI dRSTi avasthA mithyAdaSTi. darzanamehanIyanI prabaLatAne lIdhe samyaktva AtmAnI tattvaci ja pragaTI zakatI mithyA ( satya viruddha ) hAya che te (2) agiyAramA gurusthAnathI patita thaI prathama guNasthAna upara AvatAM vacce bahu ja thADA vakhata sudhI je avasthA prApta thAya che te avasthA sAsvAdana. AnuM sAsvAdana nAma eTalA mATe che ke temAM pataneAnmukha AtmAne tattvacine svalpa paNa AsvAda hAya che, jevI rIte miSTAnnanA bhAjana bAda UlaTI thatI vakhate eka vilakSaNa svAda heAya che. A bIjI guNasthAna pataneAnmukha AtmAne ja hAya che. (3) hIMcake hIMcakatA mANasanI peThe je avasthAmAM AtmA dAlAyamAna hoya che, jene lIdhe te sathA satyadarzIna karI zakatA nathI ke sathA mithyAdaSTinI sthitimAM rahI zakatA nathI arthAt tenI saMzayALu jevI sthiti banI jAya che, te avasthA samyaphamithyAdaSTi A guNasthAnamAM daCnameAhanIyanuM viSa prathama jeTaluM tIvra rahetu nathI, paNa te hAya che kharuM, (4) je avasthAmAM danameAhanIyanuM khaLa kAM te bilakula zamI jAya che ke virala thaI jAya che, ane kAM te bilakula kSINa thaI 1. jue samavAyAMga, 14me| samavAya.

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104 jainadharmane prANa jAya che, jene lIdhe AtmA asaMdigdhapaNe satyadarzana karI zake che. A avasthA aviratasamyagdaSTi. AnuM avirata nAma eTalA mATe che ke temAM cAritramehanIyanI sattA savizeSa hovAthI virati (tyAgavRtti) udaya pAmatI nathI. (5) je avasthAmAM satyadarzana uparAMta alpAMze paNa tyAgavRttine udaya thAya che te dezavirati. AmAM cAritramohanIyanI sattA avazya ghaTelI hoya che ane tenI kamInA pramANamAM tyAgavRtti hoya che. (6) je avasthAmAM tyAgavRtti pUrNa rIte udaya pAme che, chatAM vacce vacce pramAda (khalana) saMbhave che, te pramasaMyata. (7) je avasthAmAM pramAdane jarAye saMbhava nathI te apramattasaMyata. (8) je avasthAmAM pahelAM kyAre paNa nahi anubhavela Atmazuddhine anubhava thAya che ane apUrva vidyAsa--Atmika sAmarthya- pragaTe che te avasthA apUrvakaraNa. AnuM bIjuM nAma nivRttinAdara paNa che. (9) je avasthAmAM cAritramohanIya karmanA zeSa rahela aMzene zamAvavAnuM ke kSINa karavAnuM kAma cAlatuM hoya che, te avasthA anivRtti bAdara. (10) je avasthAmAM mohanIyano aMza lebharUpe ja udayamAna hoya che ane te paNa bahu sUkSma pramANamAM, te avasthA sUkSmasaMparAya. (11) je avasthAmAM sUkSma lebha sudhdhAM zamI jAya che, te upazAMtamohanIya. A guNasthAnamAM darzana mehanIyane sarvathA kSaya saMbhave kharo, paNa cAritramohanIyane te kSaya nathI hota, mAtra tenI sarvAze upazAMti hoya che. Ane lIdhe ja mehane pharI ukeka thatAM A guNasthAnathI avazya patana thAya che ane prathama guNasthAna sudhI javuM paDe che. (12) je avasthAmAM darzanamehanIya ane cAritramehanIyane sarvathA kSaya thaI jAya che te kSINamehanIya. A sthitithI patana saMbhavatuM

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AdhyAtmika vikAsakrama ja nathI. (13) je avasthAmAM mAhanA AtyaMtika abhAvane lIdhe vItarAga dazA pragaTavA sAthe sanapaNuM prApta thAya che, te avasthA sayeAgaguNusthAna. A guNasthAnamAM zArIrika, mAnasika ane vAki vyApAra Aya che. ethI Ane jIvanmukti kahI zakAya. (14) je avasthAmAM zArIrika, mAnasika, vAcika pravRttine paNa abhAva thaI jAya che te aye gaguNasthAna. A guNasthAna chelluM che. tethI zarIrapAta thatAM ja tenI samApti thAya che ane tyAra bAda guNasthAnAtIta videhamukti prApta thAya che. 1 prathama guNasthAna e vikAsakALa che. bIjA ane trIjA e e guNasthAnamAM vikAsanuM sahaja sphuraNu hoya che, paNa temAM prabaLatA avikAsanI ja hoya che. cothAthI vikAsa kramazaH vadhatAM vadhatAM te chevaTe caudamA gurusthAne pUrNa kalAe pahoMce che ane tyAra bAda meAkSa prApta thAya che. jaina vicArasaraNInuM pRthakkaraNa eTaluM ja karI zakAya ke pahelAM traNa guNasthAnA e avikAsakALa che ane cothAthI caudamA sudhInAM guNasthAne vikAsa ane tenI vRddhine kALa che; tyArabAda mekSikALa che. zrI haribhadrasUrie bIjI rIte varNavela vikAsakramA A prAcIna jaina vicArane haribhadrasUrie khIjI rIte paNa vaNu vyA che. teonA vanamAM be prakAra che. ATha dRSTinA pahelA prakAra pahelA prakAramAM avikAsa ane vikAsakrama bannene samAveza 1. jue kama graMtha bInanI mArI prastAvanA tathA vyAkhyA.

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106 jainadharmane prANa karela che. avikAsakALane teo oghadRSTinA nAmathI ane vikAsakramane saddaSTinA nAmathI oLakhAve che. saddaSTinA mitrA, tArA, balA, dImA, sthirA, kAntA, prabhA ane parA evA ATha vibhAga kare che. A AThe vibhAgomAM uttarottara vikAsa krama vadhato jAya che. dRSTi eTale darzana athavA bodha. AnA be prakAra cheH pahelAmAM satazraddhAne (tAttvika sacine) abhAva hoya che, jyAre bIjAmAM satazraddhA hoya che. pahelo prakAra oghadRSTi ane bIjo yugadaSTi kahevAya che. pahelAmAM AtmAnuM valaNa saMsArapravAha tarapha ane bIjAmAM AdhyAtmika vikAsa tarapha hoya che. tethI yogadaSTi e saddaSTi kahevAya che. jema samegha rAtri, amegha rAtri, samegha divasa ane amedha divasamAM anukrame atimaMdatama, maMdatama, maMdatara, ane maMda cAkSuSa jJAna hoya che, temAMya grahAviSTa ane grahamukta puruSanA bhedathI, bALa ane taruNa puruSanA bhedathI, tema ja vikRta netravALA ane avikRta netravALA puruSanA bhedathI cAkSuSa jJAnanI aspaSTatA ke spaSTatA taratamabhAve hoya che, tevI rIte oghadRSTinI dazAmAM saMsArapravAhanuM valaNa chatAM AvaraNanA taratamabhAve jJAna tAratamyavALuM hoya che. A oghadaSTi game tevI hoya teye te AdhyAtmika vikAsanI dRSTie asaddaSTi ja che. tyAra bAda jyArathI AdhyAtmika vikAsano AraMbha thAya che, pachI bhale temAM bAhya jJAna ochuM hoya chatAM, tyArathI saddaSTi zarU thAya che, kAraNa ke te vakhate AtmAnuM valaNa saMsArobhukha na rahetAM mekSammukha thaI jAya che. A saddaSTi (yogadaSTi)nA, vikAsanA tAratamya pramANe ATha bhedo che. A ATha bhedomAM uttarottara bedha ane savizeSa jAgRti thAya che. pahelI mitrA nAmaka dRSTimAM bodha ane vIryanuM baLa tRNAgninI 1. juo yogadaSTisamuccaya.

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AdhyAtmika vikAsakrama 107 prabhA jevuM hoya che. bIjI tArA daSTimAM chANunA aminI prabhA jevuM; trIjI balA dRSTimAM lAkaDAnA agninI prabhA jevuM; cothI dIprA dRSTimAM dIvAnI prabhA jevuM; pAMcamI sthira dRSTimAM ratnanI prabhA jevuM; chaThThI kAntA dRSTimAM nakSatranI prabhA jevuM; sAtamI prabhA dRSTimAM sUryanI prabhA jevuM, ane AThamI para dRSTimAM caMdranI prabhA jevuM hoya che. joke AmAMnI pahelI cAra dRSTiomAM spaSTapaNe ya AtmasvarUpanuM saMvedana nathI hatuM, phakta chellI cAra dRSTiemAM ja tevuM saMvedana hoya che, chatAM prathamanI cAra dRSTione saddaSTimAM gaNavAnuM kAraNa e che ke te sthitimAM AvyA pachI AdhyAtmika utkrAMtino mArga nizcita thaI jAya che. yoganAM yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNuM, dhyAna ane samAdhie ATha aMgene AdhAre saddaSTinA ATha vibhAge samajavAnA che. pahelI dRSTimAM yamanI sthiratA, bIjImAM niyamanI, ema anukrame AThamImAM samAdhinI sthiratA mukhyapaNe hoya che. pahelI mitrA Adi cAra daSTiomAM AdhyAtmika vikAsa hoya che kharo, paNa temAM kAMIka ajJAna ane mehanuM prAbalya rahe che; jyAre sthirA Adi pAchalI cAra dRSTiomAM jJAna ane nirmohatAnuM prAbalya vadhatuM jAya che. yoganA pAMca bhAga rUpe bIje prakAra bIjA prakAranA varNanamAM te AcAryo mAtra AdhyAtmika vikAsanA kramanuM ja garUpe varNana karyuM che, te pahelAMnI sthiti varNavI nathI. vega eTale jenAthI mekSa prApta karI zakAya tevo dharmavyApAra, anAdi kALacakramAM jyAM sudhI AtmAnI pravRtti svarUpa-parAkSukha 1. juo biMdu.

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108 jainadharmane prANa haI lakSyabriSTa hoya che, tyAM sudhInI tenI badhI kriyA zubhAzaya vinAnI hovAthI gakaTimAM AvatI nathI. jyArathI tenI pravRtti badalAI svarUpanmukha thAya che, tyArathI ja tenI kriyAmAM zubhAzayanuM tattva dAkhala thAya che ane tethI te zubhAzayavALo vyApAra dharma vyApAra kahevAya che ane te pariNAme mokSajanaka hoI yoga nAmane pAtra bane che. A rIte AtmAnA anAdi saMsArakALanA be bhAga thaI jAya che. eka adhArmika ane bIjo dhAmika. adhArmika kALamAM dharmanI pravRtti hoya to paNa te dharma khAtara nathI hotI, kevaLa lekapati' (lokaraMjana) khAtara hoya che. tethI tevI pravRtti dharma keTimAM gaNavA yogya nathI. dharma khAtara dharmanI pravRtti dhArmika kALamAM ja zarU thAya che, tethI te pravRtti yoga kahevAya che. yoganA teoe adhyAtma, bhAvanA, dhyAna, samatA ane vRttisaMkSaya evA pAMca bhAgo karelA che. (1) jyAre thoDA ke ghaNuM tyAga sAthe zAstrIya tatvaciMtana hoya che ane maitrI, karuNudi bhAvanAo vizeSa siddha thaI jAya che, tyAre te sthiti adhyAtma kahevAya che. (2) jyAre mana samAdhipUrvaka satata abhyAsa karavAthI adhyAtma vaDe savizeSa puSTa thAya che, tyAre te bhAvanA che. bhAvanAthI azubha abhyAsa TaLe che, zubha abhyAsanI anukULatA vadhe che ane suMdara cittanI vRddhi thAya che. (3) jyAre citta phakta zubha viSayane ja AlaMbIne raheluM hoya che, ane tethI te sthira dIpaka jevuM prakAzamAna haI sUkSma bodhavALuM banI jAya che tyAre te dhyAna kahevAya che. dhyAnathI dareka kAmamAM citta AtmAdhIna thaI jAya che, bhAva nizcala thAya che ane baMdhanone viccheda thAya che. 1. juo yogabiMdu. FO

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AdhyAtmika vikAsakrama (4) ajJAnane lIdhe ISTa-aniSTarUpe kalpAyelI vastuomAMthI jyAre vivekane lIdhe ISTa-aniSTapaNAnI bhAvanA naSTa thAya che tyAre tevI sthiti samatA kahevAya che. (5) vAsanAnA saMbaMdhathI utpanna thanArI vRttione nimULa nirodha karavo te vRttisaMkSaya.1 A banne prakAranAM varNane e prAcIna jaina guNasthAnakanA. vicAronuM navIna paddhatie varNana mAtra che. [daaciM0 bhAga 2, pR0 1011-1014, 2017-1021] 1. juo yogabiMdu glaeNka 3pa7 thI 365.

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ahiMsA ahiMsAnA siddhAMta Aya` para'parAmAM dhaNA prAcIna che. ane ene Adara paNa badhI A zAkhAomAM ekasarakhA thatA rahyo che. Ama chatAM prajAjIvananA vistAra ane judI judI dhAmi~ka paraMparAAnA vikAsanI sAthe sAthe e siddhAMta sabaMdhI vicAra tathA -vyavahAramAM paNa anekamukhI vikAsa thayelA jovAya che. adghi sA sabaMdhI vicAranA mukhya be jharaNAM, prAcIna kALathI ja, A paraparAmAM vahetAM thayAM hAya ema lAge che. eka jharaNuM mukhyatve zramaN jIvananA AdhAre vahetuM thayuM; jyAre khIjuM jharaNuM brAhmaNa paraparA- caturvidha Azrama-nA jIvanavicArane AdhAre pravAhita thayuM. ahiMsAnA tAttvika vicAranI dRSTie A banne jharaNAMo vacce kAI matabheda jovAmAM nathI AvatA, paraMtu vyAvahArika bAjI ke jIvanamAM enA upayeAganI dRSTie kevaLa e banne jharaNAMomAM ja nahIM, balke pratyeka zramaNa tema ja brAhmaNa jharaNAnI nAnI-meTI avAMtara zAkhAmAM paNa aneka prakAranA matabheda ke aMdaraaMdaranA viredha jovAmAM Ave che. enuM mukhya kAraNa jIvanadRSTine bheda che. zramaNa para parAnI jIvanadRSTi mukhyatve vyaktigata ane AdhyAtmika che, jyAre brAhmaNa paraMparAnI jIvanadRSTi mukhyatve sAmAjika ke leAkasaMgrAhaka che. pahelImAM lAkasaMgraha eTale aMze ja iSTa che ke jyAM sudhI e AdhyAtmikatAne virAdhI na heAya; jyAM ene AdhyAtmikatA sAthe virAdha dekhAvA lAge

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ahiMsA tyAM pahelI daSTi saMgraha tarapha udAsIna rahevAnI ke ene virodha karavAnI; jyAre bIjI daSTimAM lokasaMgraha eTalA moTA pAyA para karavAmAM AvyuM che ke jethI emAM AdhyAtmikatA ane bhautikatAnI vacce saMgharSa jAgato nathI. AgamamAM ahiMsAnuM nirUpaNa zramaNa paraMparAnI ahiMsA saMbaMdhI vicArasaraNIne eka pravAha pitAnI viziSTa Dhabe vaheto hato, je kALakrame, AgaLa jatAM, dIrdhatapasvI bhagavAna mahAvIranA jIvanamAM udAtta rUpe abhivyakta thayo. e abhivyaktinAM spaSTa darzana ApaNane AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga vagere prAcIna AgamomAM thAya che. ahiMsAdharmanI pratiSThA te AtmaupamyanI dRSTimAMthI ja thaI che. paNa uparyukta AgamamAM enuM nirUpaNa ane vizleSaNa A rIte thayuM che - (1) duHkha ane bhayanuM kAraNa hovAthI hiMsAmAtra vajya cheH A che ahiMsAnA siddhAMtanI upapatti-yukti. (2) hiMsAno artha ke prANunAzaka duHkha ApavuM evo thAya che, te paNa hiMsAjanya doSane AdhAra kevaLa pramAda arthAta rAga-dveSa vagere ja che. je pramAda ke Asakita na hoya to kevaLa prANanAza e hiMsAnI kaTimAM AvI nathI zakato : A che ahiMsAnuM vizleSaNa. (3) vacce jIvonA kada, emanI saMkhyA tathA emanI ikiya vagere saMpattinA tAratamya upara hiMsAnA dezanuM tAratamya avalaMbita nathI, paraMtu e hiMsakanA pariNAma ke enI vRttinAM tIvratA-maMdatA, jANapaNuMajANapaNuM ke baLaprayoganA ochA-vadhupaNuM upara AdhAra rAkhe che; A thayuM tAtparya. upara jaNAvela traNa bAbato bhagavAna mahAvIranA vicAra ane AcAramAMthI phalita thaIne AgamomAM gUMthAI gaI che. koI eka

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jainadharmano prANa vyakti ke vyaktione samUha game tevAM AdhyAtmika kema na hoya, paNa jyAre e saMyamalakSI jIvanadhAraNanA praznane paNa vicAra kare che tyAre emAMthI uparyukta vizleSaNa tathA kaTikama ApoApa phalita thaI jAya che. A daSTie vicAra karatAM kahevuM paDe ke pachInA jena vA mayamAM ahiMsA saMbaMdhI je vizeSa UhApoha thayo che, eno mULa AdhAra te prAcIna jaina AgamomAM pahelAMthI ja hato. * jyAre ApaNe samagra jaina vADmayamAM maLI AvatA ahiMsA saMbaMdhI UhApoha upara dRSTipAta karIe chIe tyAre ApaNane spaSTa rUpe dekhAya che ke jaina vADmayane ahiMsA saMbaMdhI UhApoha mukhyatve cAra baLo upara AdhAra rAkhe che. paheluM e ke e mukhyatve sAdhujIvanane eTale ke navaTI ahiMsAne, pUrNa ahiMsAne-ja vicAra kare che. bIjuM e ke e brAhmaNa paraMparAmAM vihita mAnavAmAM AvatI ane pratiSThita lekhavAmAM AvatI yajJIya vagere aneka prakAranI hiMsAono virodha kare che. trIjuM e ke e bIjI zramaNa paraMparAonA tyAgI-jIvana karatAMya jena zramaNanA tyAgI-jIvanane niyaMtrita rAkhavAno Agraha seve che. cothuM e ke e jaina paraMparAnA avAMtara phirakAomAM UbhA thatA pArasparika virodhanA praznonA nirAkaraNane paNa prayatna kare che. - navakATI-pUrNa ahiMsAnA pAlanane Agraha paNa rAkhavo ane saMyama ke sadgaNanA vikAsanI dRSTie jIvananirvAhanuM samarthana paNa karavuM-A virodhamAMthI hiMsAnA vyahiMsA, bhAvahiMsA vagere bhedane UhApe jAge, ane chevaTe eka mAtra nizcaya siddhAMta e ja sthApita thaye ke Akhare pramAda ja hiMsA che. apramatta jIvanavyavahAra dekhItI rIte bhale hiMsAtmaka lAge, chatAM kharI rIte e ahiMsaka ja che. A aMtima nirNayane lAgevaLage che tyAM sudhI, vetAMbara-digaMbara vagere kAI paNa jaina phirakAne emAM jarA sarakheya matabheda nathI. badhAya 1. juo jJAnabijugata TippaNa pa0 7thI - WWW.jainelibrary.org

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ahiMsA 113 phirakAenI vicArasaraNI, parabhASA ane lIlA ekasarakhI che. vaidika hiMsAne virodha vaidika paraMparAmAM yajJa, atithi, zrAddha vagere aneka nimittothI karavAmAM AvatI je hiMsAne dhArmika gaNIne pratiSThita lekhavAmAM Ave che, ene sAMkhya, bauddha ane jaina para parAoe ekasarakhA virAdha karyo che; Ama chatAM, AgaLa jatAM, A virAdhamAM mukhya bhAga auddha ane jaina paraparAnA ja cAlu rahyo che. jaina vADmayamAMnA ahiMsAne lagatA UhApAhamAM A virAdhanI gherI chApa ane pratikriyA paNa dekhAya che. jaina sAhityamAM Dagale ne pagale vaidika hiMsAnuM khaMDana jovAmAM Ave che. AnI sAthe ja vaidika leAkeA nAnI sAme e AzaMkA rajU kare che ke jo dhArmika hiMsA paNa akatavya che, te tame jene potAnI samAjaracanAmAM maMdira caNAvavuM, devapUjA karavI vagere dhArmika kAryone samAveza ahiMsArUpe kevI rIte karI zakaze, vagere vagere. A zaMkAnuM samAdhAna paNa jaina sAhityamAM ahiMsA saMbaMdhI UhApeAhamAM vistArathI maLI Ave che. jene ane khoddho vaccenA virAdhanuM kAraNu pramAda-mAnasika doSa-ja mukhyatve hiMsA che ane e doSamAMthI janmela ja prANa-nAzA hiMsA che. A vicAra jaina ane bauddha paraparAne ekasarakhA mAnya che. Ama chatAM, ApaNe joIe chIe ke, prAcIna samayathI jaina ane bauddha para parAnI vacce ahiMsA sabadhI pArasparika khaMDanamaMDana ghaNuM thayuM che. sUtrakRtAMga jevA prAcIna AgamamAM paNa ahiMsA sabadhI bauddha maMtavyanuM khaMDana che. e ja rIte majijhamanikAya jevA piTaka graMthamAM paNa jainasa`mata ahi MsAnuM upahAsayukta khaMDana maLI Ave che. uttaravI pachI racAyelA-niyukta vagere jaina graMthAmAM tathA abhidhama kASa vagere bauddha graMthAmAM paNa e ja jUnuM khaMDanamaMDana navA rUpamAM jovAmAM Ave che. jyAre jaina ane

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114 jainadharmane prANa bauddha bane paraMparAo vaidika hiMsAne ekasarakho virodha kare che ane jyAre bannenI ahiMsAnI vyAkhyAmAM koI tAtvika matabheda nathI, to pachI zarUAtamAM ja banne vacce aMdaroaMdara khaMDanamaMDana zA mATe zarU thayuM ane zA mATe cAlatuM rahyuM ? A eka prazna che. jyAre ApaNe bane paraMparAonuM sAhitya dhyAnapUrvaka vAMcIe chIe tyAre Ane javAba ApaNane maLI jAya che. khaMDanamaMDananAM aneka kAraNomAMnuM mukhya kAraNa to e ja che ke jaina paraMparAe navakATI ahiMsAnI sUkSma vyAkhyAno amala karavAne mATe bAhya pravRttionuM je vizeSa niyaMtraNa karyuM e bauddha paraMparAe na karyuM. jIvanane lagatI bAhya pravRttionuM atiniyaMtraNa ane madhyama mArgamAMthI janmela zithilatA, e be vaccenA prabaLa bhedamAMthI ja jaina ane bauddha paraMparAo aMdaroaMdara khaMDanamaMDanamAM paDI gaI. jaina sAhityamAMnA ahiMsAne lagatA UhApohamAM A khaMDanamaMDanano paNa sAro evo hisso che. jyAre ApaNe bane paraMparAonA khaMDanamaMDananuM taTastha rIte avalokana karIe chIe tyAre niHsaMkocapaNe kahevuM paDe che ke moTebhAge banne ekabIjAne khoTI rIte samajyAM che. Ano eka dAkhala majhimanikAyanuM upAlisutta ane bIjo dAkhalo sUtrakRtAMga (1. 1. 2. 24-32; 2. 6. 16-28) che. ahiMsAnI kaTInI hiMsA jema jema jaina sAdhusaMdhano vistAra thato gayo ane bhinna bhinna deza tathA kALamAM navI navI paristhitine kAraNe navA navA prazno pedA thatA gayA tema tema jaina tatvaciMtakee ahiMsAnI vyAkhyA ane enA vizleSaNamAMthI eka spaSTa no vicAra pragaTa karyo. te e ke je apramatta bhAve koI jIvanI virAdhanA-hiMsA thaI jAya ke karavI paDe to e kevaLa ahiMsAkeTInI che, ane tethI e nirdoSa ja nahIM 1. juo jJAnabiMdumAM TippaNamAMnAM jaina ane bauddha avataraNe.

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ahi'sA 115 makke guNa( nirjarA )vaka paNa che. A vicAra pramANe sAdhu, pUrNa ahiMsAne svIkAra karI lIdhA pachI paNa, jo peAtAnA sayata jIvananI paripuSTi mATe hi sArUpa lekhAtI vividha prakAranI pravRttio Adare tApaNa e saMyamavikAsamAM eka DagaluM AgaLa vadhe che. jaina parabhASA pramANe A ja nizcaya-ahiMsA che. je tyAgI vastra vagere rAkhavAnA sAva virAdhI hatA tee jyAre maryAdita pramANamAM vastra vagere upakaraNo ( sAdhaneA ) rAkhavAvALA sAdhuonA hiMsAne nAme tiraskAra karavA lAgyA tyAre vastra vagerenuM samana karanArA tyAgIe e ja nizcaya-siddhAMtane Azraya laI ne javAkha ApyA ke phakta sayamanA dhAraNa ane nirvAhane mATe ja, zarIranI jema, maryAdita upakaraNa vagere rAkhavAM, e ahiMsAnAM bAdhaka nathI. jaina sAdhusadhe karelI AvI jAtanI, ekabIjAnA AcArabhedamAMthI janmelI carcA dvArA paNa ahi sAne lagatA UhApAhamAM sArA evA vikAsa thayA hoya ema dekhAya che, je eniyukti vageremAM spaSTa rIte jovA maLe che. kayAreka kayAreka ahiMsAnI carcA zuSka tarka jevI thaI gaI hAya ema jaNAya che. eka vyakti prazna kare che ke jo tamAre vastra rAkhavuM ja hAya te tene phADayA vagaranuM AkhuM ja zA mATe na rAkhavuM ? kema ke ene phADatAM je sUkSma aNue UDaze e jarUra vadhAtaka banaze. A praznane javAba paNa evA ja DhaMgathI ApavAmAM Avye che. javAba ApanArA kahe che ke jo vastra phADatAM phelAyela sUkSma aNuone lIdhe vadhAta thatA hoya te tame amane vastra phADatAM aTakAvavA mATe je kaMI vANIne prayAga kare che. enAthI paNa jIvaghAta thAya che ne? vagere. astu. e game tema hoya, paNa jinabhadragaNinI spaSTa vANImAM jaina para'parAne saMmata evI ahiMsAnuM pU svarUpa ApaNane maLe che. tee kahe che ke sthAna sajIva hoya ke khatI jatA hoya ke kAI adhAtaka ja jovAmAM AvatA hoya, paNa eTalA mAtrathI hiMsA ke ahiMsAne nirjIva, emAM keAI vadhAtaka .

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116 jainadharmane prANa nirNaya nathI thaI zakata. sAcesAca hiMsA pramAda-ayatanA asaMyamamAM ja che, pachI bhale kaI jIvane ghAta na paNa thato heya. e ja rIte je apramAda ke yatanA-saMyama surakSita hoya te javaghAta jovAmAM Ave chatAM paNa kharI rIte ahiMsA ja che. jaina uhahanI kasika bhUmikA uparanA niyama uparathI ahiMsAne lagatA jaina UhApehanI nIce jaNAvelI kamika bhUmikAe phalita thAya che - (1) prANa nAza hiMsA rUpa hovAthI ene rokavo, e ja ahiMsA che. (2) jIvanadhAraNanI samasyAmAMthI phalita thAya che ke jIvana-khAsa karIne saMyamI jIvana-mATe anivArya lekhAtI pravRttio AdaratAM kadAca jIvaghAta thaI paNa jAya, chatAM je pramAda na hoya to e jIvAta hiMsArUpa na banatAM ahiMsA ja che. * (3) je saMpUrNapaNe ahiMsaka rahevuM hoya te, kharI rIte ane sauthI pahelAM, cittamAM rahela kaleza(pramAda)no ja tyAga karavo joIe. e thayo te samajavuM ke ahiMsA siddha thaI bAhya pravRttio sAthe ahiMsAne koI anivArya saMbaMdha nathI; ene niyata saMbaMdha mAnasika pravRttionI sAthe che. (4) vyaktigata ke sAmUhika jIvanamAM evAM paNa apavAdasthAne Ave che ke jyAre hiMsA kevaLa ahiMsA ja nathI rahetI UlaTI e guNavardhaka paNa banI jAya che. AvA apavAdarUpa sthAnamAM, je kahevAtI hiMsAthI DarIne, enuM AcaraNa karavAmAM na Ave te UlaTAne deSa lAge che. jene ane mImAMsake vagere vacce sAmya jaina ahiMsAnA utsarga apavAdanI A carcA barAbara akSare

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ahiMsA 117 akSara mImAMsA ane smRtimAMnI ahiMsA saMbaMdhI utsaga apavAdanI vicArasaraNI sAthe maLatI Ave che. emAM phera hoya to e ja che ke jyAM jaina vicArasaraNI sAdhu ke pUrNa tyAgInA jIvanane dhyAnamAM rAkhIne pratiSThita thaI che, tyAM mImAMsA ane smArtonI vicArasaraNI gRhastha ane tyAgI badhAyanAM jIvanane kendramAM rAkhIne pracalita thaI che. banne vaccenuM sAmya A rIte che H jaina 1. sabai vALA na daMtavA 1 2. sAdhujIvananI azakayatAnA prA. 3. zAstravihita pravRttiomAM haMsA doSane abhAva; arthAta niSiddha AcaraNamAM ja hiMsA. vaidika 1. mA hiMdyAt sarvamUtAni / 2. cAre AzrameAnA badhAya prakAranA adhikArIonA jIvananI tathA ene lagatAM kavyAnI azakayatAne prazna. 3. zAstravihita pravRttiomAM hiMsAdoSane abhAva; arthAt niSiddha AcAra ja hiMsA che. ( ahI e dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM ke jaina tattvana zAstra zabdathI jaina zAstrane--khAsa karI sAdhujIvananA vidhiniSedhAtu pratipAdana karatA zAstrane--ja le che; jyAre vaizvika tattvaciMtaka ' zAstra' zabdathI e badhAMya zAsrote le che ke jemAM vyaktigata, kauTuMbika, sAmAjika, dhArmika ane rAjakIya vagere badhAMya kabyAnuM vidhAna hoya. 4. chevaTe ahi'sAnA mama jitanI 4. chevaTe ahiMsAnuM tAtpa AjJAnA-jainazAstranA yathAvat veda tathA smRtionI anusaraNamAM ja che. AjJAnA pAlanamAM ja che. [daauci. kha'0 2, pR0 412-417]

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118 jainadhama nA prANa ahiMsAnI bhAvanAnA vikAsa neminAthanI karuNA bhagavAna pArzvanAthanI pahelAM nitha paraMparAmAM yadukumAra neminAtha thaI gayA. emanI aaitihAsika jIvanakathAomAM je ghaTanAno ullekha maLe che, ene nigra Mtha paraparAnI ahiMsaka bhAvanAne eka sImAstaMbha kahI zakAya ema che. lagna-sagapaNa vagere sAmAjika utsaveA-samAra'bhAmAM jamavA-jamADavAnA ane meAja-majA karavAne rivAja te atyAre paNa pracalita che, paNa e samayamAM AvA samAraMbhomAM aneka prakAranAM pazuono vadha karIne emanAM mAMsathI jamaNavArane AkarSIka banAvavAnI prathA pracalita hatI--khAsa karIne kSatriyAmAM te e prathA vizeSa rUDha hatI. A prathA pramANe lagna nimitte UjavAnAra utsavamAM, vadha karavAne mATe ekatra karavAmAM AvelAM haraNa vagere judI judI jAtanAM pazuonA mAtanAda sAMbhaLIne nemikumAra, kharAbara lagnane TAMkaNe ja karuNA thaI gayA, ane je lagnamAM AvAM pazuone! vadha karIne mAMsa khAvA-khavarAvavAnA kAne pratiSThita mAnavAmAM Avatu hatu, evAM peAtAnAM lagnanA vicAra ja emaNe mAMDI vALyA. nemikumAranA A, karuNAmAMthI janmela brahmacavAsane e vakhatanA samAja upara evA prabhAva paDayo ane krame krame e prabhAva evA vadhatA rahyo ke dhIme dhIme aneka jAtioe sAmAjika samAraMbhAmAM mAMsa khAvA-khavarAvavAnI prathAne ja tilAMjali ApI dIdhI. ghaNe bhAge A ja evI pahelI ghaTanA che ke je sAmAjika vyavahArAmAM ahiMsAnA pAyA naMkhAyAnI sUcaka che. nemikumAra cAzirAmaNa devakInaMdana zrIkRSNanA nAnAbhAI--pitarAI hatA; ema lAge che ke e kAraNe dvArakA ane mathurAnA yAdaveA upara sAre prabhAva paDayo hatA.

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ahiMsA pAzvanAthane hiMsAvidha ItihAsakALamAM bhagavAna pArzvanAthanuM sthAna Ave che. emanuM jIvana kahe che ke emaNe ahiMsAnI bhAvanAne vikasita karavA mATe eka juduM ja pagaluM bharyuM. paMcAgni jevI tAmasa [ -tameguNathI prerita ] tapasyAomAM sakSma-sthULa prANIone vicAra karyA vagara ja agni pragaTAvavAnI prathA hatI, tethI kyAreka kyAreka baLataNanI sAthe bIjA jIvo paNa baLI jatA hatA. kAzIrAja azvasenanA putra pArzvanAthe AvI hiMsAjanaka tapasyAne ghera virodha karyo ane dharma kSetramAM avivekane lIdhe thanArI hiMsAnA tyAga tarapha lekamata keLavyo. bhagavAna mahAvIre karelI ahiMsAnI pratiSThA pArzvanAthe puSTa karelI ahiMsAnI bhAvanA nigraMthanAtha jJAtaputra mahAvIrane vArasAmAM maLI. emaNe yajJayAga vagere jevA dharmanAM judAM judAM kSetromAM thatI hiMsAno, tathAgata buddhanI jema, ekAMta virodha karyo, ane dharmakSetramAM ahiMsAnI eTalI pratiSThA karI ke, te pachI te ahiMsA ja bhAratIya dharmone prANa banI gaI. bhagavAna mahAvIranI ugra ahiMsAparAyaNa jIvanayAtrA tathA ekAgra tapasyAe e vakhatanA aneka prabhAvazALI brAhmaNo ane kSatriyone ahiMsAnI bhAvanA tarapha AkarSyA. pariNAme janatAmAM sAmAjika tathA dhArmika utsavamAM ahiMsAnI bhAvanAe pitAno pAyo nAkhI dIdho, ke jenA upara nigraMtha paraMparAnI bhaviSyanI peDhIonI kArakirdIno mahela Ubho thayo. ahiMsAnA anya pracArake azokanA pautra saMpratie potAnA pitAmahanA ahiMsaka saMskAranA vArasAne Arya suhastInI nizrAmAM vizeSa samRddha karyo. saMpratie kevaLa pitAne AdhIna rAjyapradezomAM ja nahI, balka pitAnA rAjyanI sImAnI bahAra paNa, jyAM ahiMsaka jIvanavyavahAranuM nAmanizAna paNa na hatuM, tyAM ahiMsAnI bhAvanAne pracAra karyo.

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120 jainadharmano prANa ahiMsA-bhAvanAnA e jharaNAne pUranuM rUpa ApavAmAM jarUra anekane bhAga che, paNa nigraMtha anagAronuM te enA sivAya bIjuM koI dhyeya ja na hatuM. teo bhAratamAM pUrva-pazcima, uttara-dakSiNa, jyAM jyAM gayA tyAM tyAM emaNe ahiMsAnI bhAvanAno ja phelAvo karyo ane janatAne hiMsAmUlaka aneka vyasanonA tyAgano upadeza ApavAmAM ja nigraMtha dharmanI kRtakRtyatA anubhavI. jevI rIte zaMkarAcArye bhAratanA cAre khUNAomAM maThanI sthApanA karIne brahmAdaitane vijayastaMbha ro, e ja rIte mahAvIranA anuyAyI anagAra ni e bhArata jevA vizALa dezanA cAre khUNAomAM ahiMsA-atanI bhAvanAnA vijayastaMbha ropyA-ema kahevAmAM Ave te emAM atizayokti nahIM lekhAya. lokamAnya tilake A vAtane evI rIte kahI hatI ke gujarAtanI ahiMsA-bhAvanA, e jainonuM ja arpaNa che. ane ItihAsa ApaNane kahe che ke vaiSNava vagere aneka vaidika paraMparAonI ahiMsAmUlaka dharmavRttimAM niJsaMpradAyanA cheDAghaNu prabhAve jarUra bhAga bhajavyo che. e vaidika saMpradAyanA pratyeka jIvanavyavahAranI chaNAvaTa karavAthI koI paNa vicAraka e sahelAIthI jANI zake che ke enA upara nirca thenI ahiMsA-bhAvanAno raMga jarUra lAge che. Aje bhAratamAM hiMsAmUlaka yajJayAgAdi dharmavidhino samarthaka paNa pitAnA yajamAnone pazuvadhanI preraNA karavAnI hiMmata nathI karI zakate. - AcArya hemacaMdra gurjarapati parama mAhezvara siddharAja sudhdhAne ghaNe aMze ahiMsAnI bhAvanAthI prabhAvita karyA hatA. AnuM phaLa aneka dizAomAM sAruM AvyuM. aneka deva-devIonI sAme khAsa khAsa parvomAM thatI hiMsA baMdha thaI gaI; ane AvI hiMsAne aTakAvavAnA eka vyApaka AMdolanano pAyo naMkhAI gayo. siddharAjanA uttarAdhikArI gurjarapati kumArapALa te paramahaMta ja hatA. e yathArtha rUpe paramahaMta eTalA mATe gaNAyA ke emaNe ahiMsAnI bhAvanAne jevI ane jeTalI paripuSTa karI, ane je ene phelAvo karyo,

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ahiMsA 121 e ItihAsamAM ajoDa che. kumArapALanI "amAri-ghoSaNa" eTalI jokapriya banI ke enI pachInA aneka nirca ane emanA aneka gRhastha-ziSya amAri ghoSaNAne pitAnA jIvananuM dhyeya banAvIne ja kAma karavA lAgyA. AcArya hemacaMdranI pahelAM keTalAya ni e mAMsa khAnArI jAtione ahiMsAnI dIkSA ApI hatI, ane nigraMtha saMdhamAM esavAla, piravALa vagere vargonI sthApanA karI hatI. zaka vagere paradezI jAtio paNa ahiMsAnA cepathI bacI zakI na hatI ! hIravijayasUrie akabara jevA bhAratasamrATa pAsethI bhikSA mAM eTaluM ja mAgyuM ke e, hamezAMne mATe nahIM te chevaTe khAsa khAsa tithio mATe, amAri ghoSaNuM kare. akabaranA e pagale pagale jahAMgIra vagere enA vaMzajo cAlyA. jeo janmathI ja mAMsabhakSaka hatA, evA mugalasamrATo dvArA ahiMsAno ATale phelAvo karAvavo, e Aje paNa saheluM nathI. Aje paNa, ApaNe joIe chIe ke, jaina samAja ja e che ke je banI zake tyAM sudhI judAM judAM kSetramAM thatI pazu-pakSI vageranI hiMsAne aTakAvavAno satata prayatna karato rahe che. A vizALa dezamAM judI judI jAtanA saMskAro dharAvatI aneka jAtio pAse pAse rahe che, aneka jAtio janmathI ja mAMsabhakSI che; Ama chatAM jyAM juo tyAM ahiMsA tarapha te lekaruci dekhAya ja che. madhyayugamAM evA aneka saMto ane phakIra thaI gayA, ke jeoe kevaLa ahiMsA ane dayAne ja upadeza Apyo che, je bhAratanA AtmAmAM ahiMsAnAM mULa keTalAM UMDAM gayelAM che enI sAkSI pUre che. mahAtmA gAMdhIjIe bhAratamAM navajIvananA prANa dhabakatA karavAne saMkalpa karyo te e kevaLa ahiMsAnI bhUmikA upara ja. je emane ahiMsAnI bhAvanAnuM AvuM taiyAra kSetra na maLyuM hatuM ke teo bhAgye ja ATalA saphaLa thayA hota. [daauciM0 naM0 2, pR. 75-78 ]

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122 jainadharmane prANu ahiMsA ane amAri mAnavaprakRtimAM hiMsA ane ahiMsAnAM bane to samAyelAM che. hiMdustAnamAM tenA mULa vatanIonI ane pAchaLathI temanA vijetA tarIke jANItA AryonI jAhojalAlI vakhate aneka jAtanAM balidAne tema ja yajJayAganI bhAre prathA hatI ane emAM mAtra pazuo ke paMkhIo ja nahi, paNa manuSya sudhdhAMne bali apAta. dhArmika gaNAto hiMsAne A prakAra eTalI hada sudhI vyApela hato ke tenA pratyAghAtathI bIjI bAjue e hiMsAne virodha zarU thayo hato. ane ahiMsAnI bhAvanAvALA paMtha to bhagavAna mahAvIra ane buddha pahelAM paNa sthapAI gayA hatA. ema chatAM ahiMsAtattvanA ananya piSaka tarIke ane ahiMsAnI AjanI cAlu gaMgotrI tarIke te je be mahAna aitihAsika puruSo ApaNI sAme che te bhagavAna mahAvIra ane buddha ja che. emanA samayamAM ane emanA pachI hiMdustAnamAM ahiMsAne je poSaNa maLyuM che, teno jeTajeTalI rIte ane jeTajeTalI dizAmAM pracAra thayo che tema ja ahiMsAtatva paratve je zAstrIya ane sUkSma vicAre thayA che enI joDa hiMdustAnanI bahAranA koI paNa dezanA itihAsamAM maLI zake tema nathI. duniyAnA bIjA dezo ane bIjI jAtio upara asAdhAraNa prabhAva pADanAra, temane jItanAra ane kAyamane mATe temanAM mana harI lenAra koI tattva hiMdustAnamAM uddabhavyuM hoya te te hajAro varSathI Aja sudhI saLaMga e chevatte aMze cAlyuM AveluM ane vikAsa pAmeluM ahiMsAtattva ja che. azeka, saMprati ane khAravela ahiMsAnA pracAraka jaina ane bauddha saMghe vyavasthita sthapAyA pachI tenuM pracArakArya comera khUba jesabhera cAlavA lAgyuM. enA purAvAo Aje paNa jIvatA che. mahAna samrATa azokanI dharmalipiemAM je pharamAne che te ApaNane spaSTa jaNAve che ke azake utsavo

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ahiMsA 123 ane samAraMbhAmAM hiMsA na karavAnI AjJA karI hatI athavA eka rIte leAkA pAse ema na karavAnI potAnI icchA teNe darzAvI hatI. jAte hiMsAmukta thaI, phakIrI dhAraNa karI rAjadaMDa dhAraNa karanArA azAkanI dhama-AjJAone prabhAva dareka pathanA lokeA upara keTalA paDayo haze enI kalpanA karavI kANu nathI. rAjakIya kramAne dvArA ahiMsAnA pracArane A mA` azekathI aTakaLyo nathI. tenA pautra, jANItA jaina, saMprati rAjAe e mAtu bhAre anusaraNa karyuM hatu ane potAnA pitAmahanI ahiMsAnI bhAvanAne eNe peAtAnI Dhabe ane potAnI rIte bahu ja poSI hatI. rAjA, rAjakuTuMbe ane meTA moTA adhikArIe ahiMsAnA pracAra tarapha jhUkelA hoya te uparathI e vAta jANavI sahela che. ekatA e ke ahiMsApracAraka sadhAe peAtAnA kArTImAM keTalI hada sudhI pragati karI hatI ke jenI asara mahAna samrATa sudhI thaI hatI; ane bIjI vAta e ke leAkAne ahiMsAtattva keTaluM rucyu hatu. athavA temanAmAM dAkhala thayu` hatu` ke jene lIdhe teo AvA ahiMsAnI gheASaNA karanArA rAjAone mAna ApatA. kaliMgarAja Ata samrATa khAravele paNa e mATe khUba karyu hoya tema tenI kArakirdI uparathI lAge che. vacce vacce balidAnavALA yajJanA yugA mAnavaprakRtimAMthI udayamAM AvatA gayA ema kRtihAsa spaSTa kahe che, chatAM ekaMdara rIte jotAM hiMdustAna ane tenI bahAra e banne ahiMsApracAraka sadhAnA kArya vadhAre saphaLatA meLavI che. dakSiNa ane uttara hiMdustAnanAM madhyakAlIna jaina ane bauddha rAjAe tema ja rAjakuTuMbe ane amaladArAnuM paheluM kAya. ahiMsAnA pracAranuM ja rahyuM hoya tema mAnavAne ghaNAM kAraNeA che. kumArapALa ane akabara pazcima hiMdustAnanA prabhAvazALI rAjyakartA parama Ata

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124 jainadharmane prANa kumArapALanI ahiMsA te eTalI badhI jANItI che ke ghaNAne Aje te atizayatAvALI lAge che. mogala samrATa akabaranuM mana haraNa karanAra tyAgI jaina bhikSu hIravijayasUrinA ane tyAra pachInA temanA anugAmI ziSyanA bAdazAha pAsethI ahiMsA paratve meLavelA pharamAne hamezane mATe ItihAsamAM amara rahe tevAM che. A uparAMta ThAkaraDAo, jamInadAro, lAgavagavALA amaladAro ane gAmanA AgevAna paTele taraphathI paNa hiMsA na karavAnAM maLelAM vacane je ApaNe meLavI zakIe ane maLI Ave to A dezamAM ahiMsApracAraka saMghe ahiMsAnuM vAtAvaraNa UbhuM karavA keTale puruSArtha karyo che enI kaMIka kalpanA Ave. ahiMsAnA pracArane eka purA: pAMjarApeLe ahiMsApracAranA eka saceTa purAvA tarIke ApaNe tyAM pAMjarApiLanI saMsthA cAlI Ave che. A paraMparA kyArathI ane konI dvArA astitvamAM AvI e ekakasa kahevuM kaThaNa che, chatAM gUjarAtamAM ene pracAra ane enI pratiSThA jotAM ema mAnavAnuM mana thaI jAya che ke pAMjarApoLanI saMsthAne vyApaka karavAmAM kadAca kumArapAlane ane tenA dharmaguru AcArya hemacaMdrano mukhya hAtha heya. AkhAye kaccha, kAThiyAvADa ane gujarAtanuM tema ja rajapUtAnAnA amuka bhAganuM kaI evuM jANItuM zahera ke sArI AbAdIvALo kasaba nahi maLe ke jyAM pAMjarApoLa na hoya. ghaNe sthaLe te nAnAM gAmaDAMomAM paNa prAthamika nizALo(prAImarI skUla)nI peThe pAMjarApoLanI zAkhAo che. A badhI pAMjarApoLa mukhyapaNe pazuone ane aMzataH paMkhIone paNa bacAvavAnuM ane temanI sArasaMbhALa rAkhavAnuM kAma kare che. ApaNu pAse atyAre cokkasa AMkaDA nathI, paNa mArI sthaLa aTakaLa evI che ke daravarSe e pAMjarApoLa pAchaLa jene pacAsa lAkhathI ocho kharca nathI karatA, ane e pAMjarApaLAnA AzramamAM kAMI nahi nAnAmoTA lAkheka ja sArasaMbhALa pAmatA haze.

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ahiMsA 125 kaI paNa vicAravA ATAnI prathA gujarAta bahAranA bhAgamAM jyAM jyAM gozALAo cAle che tyAM badhe mukhya bhAge phakta gAyanI ja rakSA karavAmAM Ave che. gozALAo paNa dezamAM puSkaLa che ane temAM hajAre gA rakSaNa pAme che. pAMjarApoLanI saMsthA che ke gozALAnI saMsthA che, paNa e badhI pazurakSaNanI pravRtti ahiMsApracAraka saMdhanA puruSArthane ja AbhArI che, ema koI paNa vicAraka kahyA vinA bhAgye ja rahI zake. A uparAMta kIDiyArAnI prathA, jaLacarone ATAnI goLIo khavaDAvavAnI prathA, zikAra ane devInA bhoge baMdha karAvavAnI prathA-e badhuM ahiMsAnI bhAvanAnuM ja pariNAma che. mANasajAtanI sevA mATenI pravRtti atyAra sudhI ApaNe pazu, paMkhI ane bIjAM jIvajaMtuo vize ja vicAra karyo che. have ApaNe manuSyajAti tarapha paNa vaLIe. dezamAM dAnaprathA eTalI dhodhabaMdha cAlatI ke temAM koI mANasa bhUkhe rahevA bhAgye ja pAmatuM. pracaMDa ane vyApaka lAMbA duSkALamAM jagaDuzA jevA sakhI gRhasthAe pitAnA annabhaMDAro ane khajAnAo khullA mUkyAnA vizvasta purAvAo che. je dezamAM pazupaMkhI ane bIjA zudra jIvo mATe karoDo rUpiyA kharcAtA hoya te dezamAM mANasajAta mATe lAgaNI ochI hoya agara te te mATe kAMI na thayuM hoya ema kalpavuM e vicArazaktinI bahAranI vAta che. ApaNAM dezanuM Atithya jANItuM che ane Atithya e mAnavajAtane lakSIne ja che. dezamAM lAkho tyAgI ane phakIre thaI gayA ane Ajeya che. te eka Atithya ke manuSya tarakkI lekanI vRttino purAvo che. apaMge, anAthe ane bImArI mATe bane teTaluM vadhAremAM vadhAre karI chUTavAnuM brAhmaNa, bauddha ane jaina traNenAM zAstromAM pharamAna che, je tatkAlIna lokacino paDaghe che. manuSyajAtinI sevAnI divase divase vadhatI jatI jarUriyAtane lIdhe, ane paDozIdharmanI agatya sarvathI prathama

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126 jainadharmane prANa hevAne lIdhe, ghaNIvAra ghaNuM bhAIo Aveza ane utAvaLamAM ahiMsAnA premI lekane ema kahI de che ke emanI ahiMsA kIDImakeDI ane bahu to pazupaMkhI sudhI vyApelI che, mAnavajAtane ane dezabhAIone te bahu ochI sparze che, paNa A vidhAna barAbara nathI enI sAbitI mATe nIcenI hakIkata basa gaNAvI joIe - (1) jUnA ane madhya kALane bAjue mUkI mAtra chellAM so varSanA nAnAmoTA ane bhayaMkara duSkALo tema ja bIjI kudaratI Aphato laI te vakhatano ItihAsa tapAsIe ke temAM annakaSTathI pIDAtA mAno mATe keTakeTaluM ahiMsApaSaka saMgha taraphathI karavAmAM AvyuM che! keTalA paisA kharacavAmAM AvyA che ! keTaluM anna vaheMcavAmAM AvyuM che ! davAdArU ane kapaDAM mATe paNa keTaluM karavAmAM AvyuM che ! dA. ta. chappaniyo duSkALa le ke jenI vigate maLavI zakya che. (2) duSkALA ane bIjI kudaratI Aphato na hoya teve vakhate paNa nAnA gAmaDA sudhdhAMmAM je koI bhUkhe maratuM jANamAM Ave te tene mATe mahAjana ke koI ekAda gRhastha kaI ane kevI rIte madada pahoMcADe che enI vigata jANavI. (3) ardhA karoDa jeTalA phakIra, bAvA ane sAdhusaMtone varga moTebhAge jAtamahenata vinA ja, bIjA sAdhAraNu mahenatuvarga jeTalA ja sukha ane ArAmathI haMmezA nabhato Avyo che ane nabhe jAya che te. amArinuM niSedhAtmaka ane bhAvAtmaka rU5 : ahiMsA ane dayA ahiMsA ke amArinAM be rUpa cheH (1) niSedhAtmaka (nakAra); (2) temAMthI ja phalita thatuM bhAvAtmaka (hakAra). koIne IjA na karavI ke koIne pitAnA duHkhanA tenI anicchAe bhAgIdAra na karavA e niSedhAtmaka ahiMsA che. bIjAnA duHkhamAM bhAgIdAra thavuM agara to pitAnI sukhasagavaDano lAbha bIjAne Apavo e bhAvAtmaka ahiMsA che. e ja bhAvAtmaka ahiMsA dayA agara te sevA tarIke

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ahiMsA 127 jANItI che. sagavaDa khAtara ApaNe ahIM ukta banne prakAranI ahiMsAne anukrame ahiMsA ane dayAnA nAmathI oLakhAvIzuM. ahiMsA e evI vastu che ke jenI dayA karatAM vadhAremAM vadhAre kiMmata hovA chatAM te dayAnI peThe ekadama saunI najare nathI caDatI. dayAne lekagamya kahIe te ahiMsAne svagamya kahI zakAya. je mANasa ahiMsAne anusaratA hoya te tenI suvAsa anubhave che. tene phAyado to anivArya rIte bIjAone maLe ja che, chatAM ghaNIvAra e phAyado uThAvanAra sudhdhAne e phAyadAnA kAraNarUpa ahiMsAtavane khyAla sudhdhAM nathI hoto ane e ahiMsAnI suMdara asara bIjAonAM mana upara paDavAmAM ghaNIvAra ghaNe lAbA vakhata pasAra thaI jAya che; jyAre dayAnI bAbatamAM ethI UlaTuM che. dayA e evI vastu che ke tene pALanAra karatAM tene lAbha uThAvanArane ja te vadhAre suvAsa Ape che. dayAnI suMdara asara bIjAonAM mana upara paDatAM vakhata jato ja nathI. tethI dayA e ughADI taravAra jevI saunI najare Ave evI vastu che. tethI tene AcaravAmAM ja dharmanI prabhAvanA dekhAya che. samAjanA vyavasthita dhAraNa ane piSaNa mATe ahiMsA tema ja dayA bannenI anivArya jarUra che. je samAjamAM ane je rASTramAM jeTale aMze bIjA upara trAsa vadhAre gujarAta hoya, nabaLAnA hakako vadhAre kacarAtA hoya, te samAja ke te rASTra teTalo ja vadhAre duHkhI ane gulAma. tethI UlaTuM, je samAjamAM ane je rASTramAM eka vargane bIjA varga upara ke eka vyaktino bIjI vyakti upara eTale trAsa ocho athavA bIjA nabaLAnA hakkonI jeTalI vadhAre rakSA teTale ja te samAja ane te rASTra vadhAre sukhI ane vadhAre svataMtra. e ja rIte je samAja ane je rASTramAM sabaLa vyaktio taraphathI nabaLAo mATe jeTajeTalo vadhAre sukhasagavaDane bhoga apAto hoya, jeTajeTalI temanI vadhAre sevA karAtI hoya, teTale te samAja ane te

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128 jainadharmano prANa rASTra vadhAre svastha ane vadhAre AbAda. ethI UlaTuM jeTajeTaluM vadhAre svArthIpaNuM teTaleTale te samAja vadhAre pAmara ane vadhAre chinnabhinna. A rIte ApaNe samAja ane rASTronA ItihAsa uparathI je eka nizcita pariNAma tAravI zakIe chIe te e che ke ahiMsA ane dayA e bane jeTalAM AdhyAtmika hita karanArAM to che teTalAM ja te samAja ane rASTranAM dhAraka ane piSaka to paNa che. e bane tonI jagatanA kalyANArthe ekasarakhI jarUriyAta hovA chatAM ahiMsA karatAM dayA jIvanamAM lAvavI kAMIka sahela che. aMtardazana vinA ahiMsA jIvanamAM utArI zakAtI nathI, paNa dayA to aMtardarzana vinAnA ApaNuM jevA sAdhAraNa lakenA jIvanamAM paNa UtarI zake che. ahiMsA nakArAtmaka hovAthI bIjA koIne trAsa ApavAnA kAryathI mukta thavAmAM ja e AvI jAya che ane emAM bahu ja bArIkIthI vicAra na paNa karyo hoya, chatAM enuM anusaraNa vidhipUrvaka zakya che; jyAre dayAnI bAbatamAM ema nathI. e bhAvAtmaka hovAthI ane enA AcaraNano AdhAra saMgo tema ja paristhiti upara raheluM hovAthI ene pALavAmAM vicAra kare paDe che, bahu ja sAvadhAna rahevuM paDe che ane dezakALanI sthitinuM bahu ja bhAna rAkhavuM paDe che. [daaciM0 bhAga 1, pR. 451-456 ] saMthAro ane ahiMsA hiMsAno artha che pramAda ke rAgadeSa ke Asakti. eno tyAga ja ahiMsA che. prAcIna kALathI cAlI AvatI AtmaghAtanI prathA ene jaina graMthAe niSedha karyo che. parvata uparathI jhaMpApAta kara, pANImAM DUbI javuM, jhera khAvuM vagere bharavAnI prathAo pahelAM paNa

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mahisA 129 hatI ane atyAre paNa che--bhale pachI e maraNa dharmane nAme hAya ke sAMsArika kAI kArAthI hAya. jevI rIte pazu vagerenA vadha dhamarUpe pracalita hatA evI ja rIte Atmavadha paNa pracalita hatA, ane kayAMka kayAMka te atyAre paNa e pracalita che--khAsa karIne zivanI ke zaktinI sanmukha. eka tarapha AvI prathAone niSedha karavA ane bIjI tarapha prANAMta anazana ke saMcArAnuM vidhAna karavuM, A virAdha jarUra vimAsaNamAM nAkhI de evA che. paNa mULa bhAva samajAtAM emAM kAI virAdha nathI rahetA. jainadhame je prANunAzanA niSedha karyo che, te pramAda ke AsaktipUrNAMka karAtA prANunAzanA ja. kAI halaukika ke pAralaukika sa`pattinI IcchAthI, kAminInI kAmanAthI ane khIjA abhyudayanI vAMchAthI, dha buddhie aneka prakAranA Atmavadha thatA rahyA che. jainadhama kahe che ke e Atmavadha hiMsA che, kAraNa ke enu' preraka tattva kAI ne kAI prakAranA AsaktabhAva che. prANAMta anazana ane saMthA| paNa jo e ja bhAvathI ke bhaya yA lAbhathI prerAIne karavAmAM Ave te e paNa hiM'sA ja che. ene karavAnI jainadhama AjJA nathI ApatA. je prANAMta anazananu vidhAna karavAmAM AvyuM che, e to che samAdhimaraNa. jyAre deha ane AdhyAtmika sadguNu-sayama, emAMthI ekanI ja pasaMdagI karavAnA viSama samaya AvI paDe tyAre, e vyakti je sAcesAca dharmane prANuMrUpa lekhatI haze te te deharakSAnI paravA nahI" kare; e to kevaLa peAtAnA dehane bhAga ApIne paNa peAtAnI vizuddha AdhyAtmika sthitine bacAvI leze--jevI rIte kAI sAcI satI, peAtAnA satItvane bacAvavAnA khIjo kAI rastA na jotAM, potAnA dehane nAza karIne paNa ene bacAvI le che. paNa evI avasthAmAM paNa e vyakti na kAInA upara gusse thaze ke na kAI rIte bhayabhIta thaze, athavA na kAI sagavaDa joI ne prasanna thaze. enu

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jainadharmane prANa dhyAna te kevaLa pitAnA saMyata jIvanane bacAvavA tarapha ane samabhAvanI rakSA karavA tarapha ja raheze. jyAM sudhI deha ane saMyama, e banenI samAna rIte rakSA thaI zake tyAM sudhI bannenI rakSA karavI joIe. paNa ekanI ja pasaMdagI karavAno savAla Ubho thAya tyAre ApaNuM jevA deharakSAne pasaMda karaze ane AdhyAtmika saMyamanI upekSA karaze; jyAre samAdhimaraNane adhikArI ethI UlaTuM ja karaze. daihika ane AdhyAtmika, e banneya jIvana te che, paNa je jeno adhikArI hoya che, te kasoTInA vakhate ene ja pasaMda kare che. ane AvI ja AdhyAtmika jIvanavALI vyaktine mATe prANAMta anazananI anujJA che; pAmara, bhayabhIta ke lAlacuone mATe nahIM. AthI samajI zakAze ke prANAMta anazana, deharUpI gharano nAza karIne paNa, divya jIvanarUpa pitAnA AtmAne paDato bacAvI le che. eTalA mATe eka tAttvika daSTie, sAcA arthamAM ahiMsaka ja che. dehano nAza e AtmaghAta kyAre?-TIkAkArene javAba je lekhake AvA saMthArAne AtmaghAtarUpe varNave che, teo enA hArdane pAmI zakAya eTalo vicAra nathI karatA. paNa je koI ati ucca uddezathI prerAIne, koInA para rAgadveSa rAkhyA vagara, saMpUrNa maitrIbhAvapUrvaka ane prasanna citte, bApU-gAMdhIjI jevuM, prANAMta anazana kare, to pachI e ja lekhake e maraNanI prazaMsA karavAnA, ene kyAreya AtmaghAta nahIM kahevAnA, kAraNa ke AvI vyaktino uddeza ane jIvanakama e lekhakonI najara sAme che; jyAre jaina paraMparAmAM saMthAro karavAvALA bhale zubha AzayathI prerAyelA kema na hoya, chatAM emano uddeza ane jIvanakrama emane e rIte suvidita nathI. paraMtu zAstranuM vidhAna che e ja daSTie che, ane ene ahiMsA sAthe pUrepUre sumeLa paNa che. A samajavA mATe eka dAkhalo laIe. je koI vyakti pitAnA AkhA gharane baLatuM na ane vidhAna eka dAkhalo jA sAthe

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ahiMsA 131 ene joIne prayatna karavA chatAM ene khaLatuM bacAvI na zake te e zuM karaze? chevaTe te e khIjuM badhuM baLatuM mUkIne peAtAnI jAtane bacAvI levAnA. AdhyAtmika jIvananA icchukanI AvI ja sthiti heAya che. e nirarNAMka dehane nAza nahIM kare; zAstra niSedha karyo che; UlaTuM dehanI rakSAne kavyarUpa mAnela che, paraMtu te saMyamane mATe. chevaTe khIjo kAI rastA na hoya evI lAcAra paristhiti AvI paDe ta ja, upara jaNAvelI zaratA sAthe, dehane nAza samAdhimaraNa che ane ahiMsA paNa; nahIM to e bAlamaraNa ane hiMsA. bhayaMkara duSkALa vagere jevA taMgInA samayamAM deharakSAne mATe saMyamathI patita thavAneA avasara Ave ke nizcitapaNe maraNu nipajAvanArA rAgAne lIdhe peAtAnI jAtane ane khIjAone nirarthaka herAnagati thatI hAya ane ema karavA chatAM saMyama ke sadguNanI rakSA thavAne saMbhava na hoya tyAre, kevaLa saMyama ane samabhAvanI daSTie, saMthArAnuM vidhAna karavAmAM AvyuM che, jemAM ekamAtra sUkSma AdhyAtmika jIvanane ja acAvavAnuM dhyeya che. jyAre gAMdhIjI vagere prANAMta anazananI vAta kare che ane mazarUvALA vagere enuM samarthana kare che, tyAre enI pAchaLa A dRSTibiMdu ja mukhya che. hiMsA nahI' paNa AdhyAtmika vIratA AmAM hiMsAnI kAI gadha sarakhI paNa nathI. A vidhAna te e vyaktine mATe che ke je kevaLa AdhyAtmika jIvananI umedavAra hAya, ane e mATe svIkArelI satpratijJAonA pAlanamAM nirata hoya. AvA jIvananA adhikArI paNa aneka prakAranA thatA rahyA che. eka to e ke jeNe jinakalpanA svIkAra karyo hoya, je Aje vicchinna thayeA che. jinakalpI phakta ekalA ja rahe che ane kAI paNa rIte kAInI sevA nathI letA. ene mATe jIvananI aMtima ghaDIomAM kAInI sevA levAne prasaMga na Ave eTalA mATe e jarUrI thaI paDe che ke

Page #163
132 jainadharmano prANa e sAvadha ane sazakta avasthAmAM ja dhyAna ane tapasyA dvArA evI taiyArI karI le ke jethI ene na te maraNathI DaravuM paDe ke na keInI sevA levI paDe. e pitAnI badhI javAbadArIone adA karyA pachI bAra varSa sudhI ekale dhyAna-tapa karIne potAnA jIvanane utsarga -tyAga kare che. paNa A kalpa-AcAra te kevaLa jinakalpIne mATe ja che. bAkInAM vidhAna judA judA adhikArIone mATe che. A badhAne sAra e che ke je svIkArelI satratijJAone bhaMga thavAno vakhata Ave, ane e bhaMgane je sahana karI zakatA na hoya, ene mATe pratijJAbhaMga karatAM pratijJAnuM pAlana karavApUrvaka maraNano svIkAra karavo e ja kalyANakArI che. AmAM to AdhyAtmika vIratA che, e kaMI sthaLa jIvananA lebhathI AdhyAtmika guNothI calita thaIne mRtyuthI bhAgI chUTavAnI kAyaratA nathI ke sthaLa jIvananI nirAzAthI kaMTALIne metanA moMmAM orAI javAnI AtmaghAtane nAme oLakhAtI bAlizatA paNa nathI. AvI vyakti mRtyuthI jeTalI nirbhaya hoya che eTalI ja ene mATe taiyAra paNa hoya che. e jIvanapriya hoya che, jIvanamahI nahIM. saMlekhanA, e kaMI maraNane AmaMtraNa ApavAnI vidhi nathI, paNa pitAnI meLe AvI pahoMcanAra maraNane mATe nirbhaya banavAnI taiyArI mAtra ja che. enI pachI saMthArAne avasara paNa AvI zake che. A rIte A Akho vicAra ahiMsA ane emAMthI pragaTatA sadgaNe tarakkI tanmayatAmAMthI ja jabhyo che, je Aje paNa aneka rUpe ziSTa jone mAnya che. bauddhadharmamAM Atmavidha - Do. sarvapallI rAdhAkRSNane je ema lakhyuM che ke bauddhadharma syusAIDa (suicide) Atmavadhane nathI mAnate, e barAbara nathI. khuda buddhanA samayamAM bhikSu channa ane bhikSu valIe asAdhya regane lIdhe Atmavadha karyo hato, ane tathAgata ene mAnya rAkhyo

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ahiMsA 133 hato. banne bhikSu apramatta hatA. emanA AtmavadhamAM phera e che ke teo upavAsa vagerethI dhIme dhIme mRtyunI taiyArI nathI karatA, paraMtu zastrathI eka ghAe pitAno nAza kare che, jene hArAkIrI kahI zakAya. jaina zAstro AvA zastravadhane saMmati nathI ApatAM. banne paraMparAomAM mULa bhUmikA saMpUrNapaNe eka ja che, ane te kevaLa samAdhijIvananuM rakSaNa. "syusAIDa" - ApaghAta zabda kaMIka niMgha jevo che. zAstramAM ene mATe "samAdhimaraNa" ane "paMDitamaraNa" zabda che, je egya che. upara jaNAvela channa ane valkalInI kathA anukrame majhimanikAya ane saMyuttanikAyamAM che. " keTalAMka sUko namUnArUpe keTalAMka prAkRta padyo ane eno anuvAda joIe - maraNapaDiyArabhUyA esA evaM ca Na mrnnnnimittaa| jaha gaMDaccheakiriyA No AyavirAhaNArUpA // -jevI rIte gUmaDAne nastara mAravuM e AtmavirAdhanAne mATe nathI thatuM, tevI rIte samAdhimaraNanI kriyA maraNa nimitte nahIM, kiMtu enA pratikArane mATe che. jIviyaM nAbhikaMkhejA maraNaM nAvi patthae / -ene na te jIvananI abhilASA che ke na e maraNane mATe prArthanA kare che. appA khalu saMthAro havaI visuddhacarittammi / -cAritramAM rahela vizuddha AtmA pote ja saMthAro che. [daauciM kha0 2, 50 pa33-536 ]

Page #165
tapa ane pariSaha bauddha piTakAmAM aneka sthAne "niTa"nI sAthe "tavarasI', " utAravI" jevAM vizeSa jovAmAM Ave che. A pramANe keTalAMya bauddha sUtramAM rAjagRhI vagere sthAnomAM tapasyA karatA nigraMthanuM varNana maLe che, ane khuda tathAgata budde karelI nigraMthanI tapasyAnI samAlocanA paNa maLe che. A ja rIte jyAM buddha pitAnuM pUrvajIvana pitAnA ziSyone kahyuM tyAM paNa emaNe pitAnA sAdhanAkALamAM karelI keTalIka evI tapasyAonuM varNana karyuM che ke je kevaLa nigraMtha paraMparAnI ja kahI zakAya, ane je atyAre upalabdha jaina AgamomAM varNavAyelI nigraMtha-tapasyAo sAthe akSarazaH maLatI Ave che. have ApaNe e joIzuM ke bauddha piTakAmAM AvatuM nircatha-tapasyAnuM varNana keTale aMze atihAsika che? tapasyapradhAna niyaMthaparaMparA khuda jJAtaputra mahAvIranuM jIvana ja ugra tapasyAnuM mUrta svarUpa che, je AcArAMganA pahelA zrutaskaMdhamAM jovA maLe che. e uparAMta AgamenA badhAya prAcIna staromAM jyAM kyAMya koIe pratrajyA lIdhAnuM varNana Ave che, tyAM zarUAtamAM ja ApaNe joIe chIe ke e 1. majhimanikAya sutra 56 ane 14. 2. ejana su. 26. a0 kesaMbIkRta buddhacarita (gujarAtI).

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tapa ane pariSaha 135 dIkSita nigraMtha tapasyAnuM AcaraNa kare che. eka rIte mahAvIranA sAdhusaMdhanI samagra caryA ja tamaya jovA maLe che. anuttaravavAmAM vagere AgamAM evA aneka munionuM varNana che ke jeoe utkaTa tapa karIne potAnA dehane kevaLa hADapiMjara jevo banAvI dIdho hato. vaLI atyAra sudhInI jaina paraMparAnuM zAstra ane sAdhuo tema ja gRhasthane AcAra jevAthI paNa ApaNe ema kahI zakIe ke mahAvIranA zAsanamAM tapano mahimA vadhAre che, ane emanA utkaTa tapane prabhAva saMdha upara e paDe che ke jainatva, e tapano bIjo paryAya banI gayuM che. mahAvIranA vihAra-sthaLamAM aMga-magadha, kAzI-kezala mukhya che. je rAjagRhI vagere sthAnamAM tapasyA karanAra nigraMtha saMbaMdhI ullekha bauddha graMthomAM maLe che, e rAjagRhI vagere sthAno to mahAvIranA sAdhanAkALanAM ane dharmopadezasamayanAM mukhya dhAme hatAM, ane mahAvIrane nigraMtha saMgha mukhyatve e sthAnamAM rahetA hatA. A rIte bauddha piTake ane AgamenI meLavaNIne AdhAre ApaNe nIce mujaba niSkarSa tAravI zakIe chIe: (1) khuda mahAvIra ane emane nigraMthasaMdha tamaya jIvana upara vizeSa bhAra ApatA hatA. . (2) aMga-magadhanAM rAjagRhI vagere ane kAzI-kezalanAM zrAvastI vagere zaheromAM tapasyA karanArA nigro moTI saMkhyAmAM vicaratA hatA ane rahetA hatA. mahAvIra pahelAM paNa tapasyAnI pradhAnatA uparanA kathanane AdhAre mahAvIranI samakAlIna ane uttarakAlIna nircatha paraMparA tapasyApradhAna vRtti dharAvatI hatI emAM to kazI zaMkA ja nathI rahetI; paNa have vicAravAnuM e che ke mahAvIranI pahelAM 1. bhagavatI 9-33, 2-1; 6-6. 2. ejana 2-1.

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136 jainadharmano prANa paNa nigraMtha paraMparA tapasyApradhAna hatI ke nahIM? A praznano javAba ApaNane "hA"mAM ja maLI rahe che, kema ke bhagavAna mahAvIre pAzvapatyika nigraMtha paraMparAmAM ja dIkSA lIdhI hatI; ane dIkSAnI zarUAtathI ja teo tapasyA tarapha DhaLyA hatA. A uparathI ApaNe e jANI zakIe chIe ke pArzvapatyika paraMparAnuM tapa tarapha kevuM valaNa hatuM. bhagavAna pArzvanAthanuM je jIvana jaina graMthamAM maLe che ene jevAthI paNa ApaNe ema ja kahI zakIe chIe ke pArzvanAthanI nigraMtha paraMparA tapasyApradhAna hatI. bhagavAna mahAvIre potAnA jIvana dvArA e paraMparAmAM zuddhi ane vikAsanuM tatva bhale dAkhala karyuM hoya, paNa emaNe pahelAMthI cAlI AvatI pArzvapatyika nigraMtha paraMparAmAM tamArgane navesarathI dAkhala nathI karyo. AnI sAbitI ApaNane bIjI rIte paNa maLI rahe che. jyAM buddha pitAnA ziSyo pAse potAnA pUrvajIvananuM varNana karatAM, aneka prakAranI tapasyAonI nirarthakatA kahI batAvI hatI tyAM emaNe nigraMtha-tapasyAne paNa ullekha karyo hato. buddha jJAtaputra mahAvaranI pahelAM ja janma dhAraNa karyo hato ane gRhatyAga karIne tapasvIbhArgane svIkAra karyo hate. e samayamAM pracalita bIjA bIjA paMthenI jema budde nigraMtha paMthane paNa thoDA vakhata mATe svIkAra karyo hato ane pitAnA samayamAM pracalita nigraMtha-tapasyAnuM AcaraNa paNa karyuM hatuM. tethI buddha jyAre pite pahelAM karelI tapasyAnuM varNana kare che tyAre emAM dUbahU nigraMtha-tapasyAnuM svarUpa paNa AvI jAya che, je atyAre jaina graMtha ane jaina paraMparA sivAya bIje kyAMya jovAmAM nathI AvatuM. mahAvIra pahelAM je nigraMtha tapasyAnuM buddha AcaraNa karyuM hatuM, e tapasyA pArzvapatyika nirgaya paraMparA sivAya bIjI koI nigraMtha paraMparAnI hevAne saMbhava nathI, kAraNa ke mahAvIra te hajI janmyA ja na hatA, 1. manijhamanikAya su26. akasaMbIkRta buddhacati (gujarAtI). For. Private & Personal Use Only

Page #168
tapa ane pariSaddha 137 ane buddhanA janmasthAna kapilavastuthI laI ne te emanA sAdhanAsthAna rAjagRhI, gayA, kAzI vageremAM pArzvapatyika nitha paraMparAnuM nirvivAda astittva ane prAdhAnya hatu. je sthAne mudde sauthI pahelAM dharmacakranuM prava`na karyuM e sAranAtha paNa kAzIne ja eka bhAga che; ane e kAzI te pArzvanAthanI janmabhUmi tathA tapobhUmi hatI, sAdhanA vakhate muddanI sAthe je bIjA pAMca bhikSuo hatA te muddane tyAga karIne sAranAtha -sipattanamAM ja rahIne tapasyA karatA hatA. e pAMca bhikSue nitha paraMparAnA ja anugAmI hAya ! navAI nahIM, e game tema hAya, paNa mudde nigraMtha-tapasyAnu, bhale thADA vakhata mATe paNu, AcaraNa karyuM hatuM, emAM kAI zaMkAne sthAna nathI; ane e tapasyA pArzvapatyika nitha paraMparAnI ja hoI zake. AthI ApaNe ema mAnI zakIe chIe ke sAtaputra mahAvIra pahelAM paNa nigraMtha para MparAnuM svarUpa tapasyApradhAna ja hatuM. uparanI carcA uparathI nitha para MparAnI tapasyA aMge aitihAsika dRSTie eTaluM puravAra thaI zake che ke echAmAM echu pArzvanAthanA vakhatathI tA nigraMtha paraparA tapapradhAna hatI; ane enA tapa taraphanA valaNane mahAvIre vadhAre vega ApyA hatA. ahIM ApaNI sAme aitihAsika dRSTie e prazno upasthita thAya che : eka te e ke mudde vAravAra ni tha-tapasyAenuM khaMDana karyuM che e keTale aMze sAcu che ane enA khaMDanane AdhAra zuM che? ane bIjo prazna e ke mahAvIre pahelAMthI pracalita nigraMtha-tapasyAmAM vizeSatA lAvavAnA kAI prayatna karyAM hatA ke nahIM, ane karyAM hatA te ze ? buddhe karela kha`DananA khulAsA nigra Mtha-tapasyAnuM khaMDana karavAnI pAchaLa yuddhanI dRSTi mukhyatve evI ja hatI ke tapa e kAyakleza che, kevaLa dehadamana che; enAthI duHkha sahana karavAneA abhyAsa te AgaLa vadhe che, paNa enAthI kAI

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138 jainadharmane prANa AdhyAtmika sukha ke cittazuddhi prApta nathI thatAM. buddhanI A dRSTinI ApaNe nigraMtha paraMparAnI dRSTi sAthe sarakhAmaNI karIe te kahevuM paDe ke nigraMtha paraMparAnI draSTi ane mahAvIranI dRSTi vacce koI tAttvika bheda nathI. kAraNa ke khuda mahAvIra ane emano upadeza mAnavAvALI samagra nigraMtha paraMparAnuM sAhitya, e banne ekIavAje ema ja kahe che ke dehadamana ke kAyakaleza game teTaluM ugra kema na heya, paNa je eno upayoga AdhyAtmika zuddhi ane cittalezanA nivAraNa mATe na thAya te e dehadamana ane kAyakaleza nakAmAM che. Ane artha to ema ja thayo ke nitha paraMparA paNa dehadamana ane kAyakalezane tyAre ja sArthaka mAne che, ke jyAM lagI ene saMbaMdha AdhyAtmika zuddhi sAthe hoya. te pachI saheje savAla thAya che ke budde enuM khaMDana kema karyuM ? Ano khulAso buddhanA jIvananA valaNa tema ja emanA upadezomAMthI maLI rahe che. buddhano svabhAva vizeSa parivartanazIla ane vizeSa tarkazIla hato. jyAre emano svabhAva ugra dehadamanathI saMtuSTa na thayo tyAre emaNe ene eka anta-cheDe. kahIne eno tyAga karyo, ane dhyAnamArga, naitika jIvana tathA prajJA upara ja vizeSa bhAra Ape. emane e mArge ja AdhyAtmika sukha prApta thayuM ane emaNe e tattvanA AdhAre pitAno navo saMdha sthA. navo saMgha sthApanArane mATe e jarUrI thaI paDe che ke e AcAravicAra saMbaMdhI pitAnA navA valaNane vadhAremAM vadhAre lekagrAhya banAvavA mATe prayatna kare, ane pUrvakAlIna tema ja samakAlIna anya saMpradAyonAM maMtavyanI AkarI samAlocanA kare; Ama karyo vagara koI na te pitAnA navA saMghamAM anuyAyIone bhegA karI zake che ke na to bhegA thayelA anuyAyIone TakAvI zake che. buddhanA navA saMghanI harIpha aneka paraMparAo mojUda hatI ke jenA upara nigraMtha 1. majhimanikAca sutra ra. akosaMbIkRta buddhacarita (gujarAtI)2. dazavaikAlika 9, 4-4. bhagavatI 3-1.

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tapa ane pariSaha 139 paraMparAnuM varcasva jevuM tevuM na hatuM. sAmAnya janatA bhUladarza-narI najare dekhAtuM mAnanArI-hovAthI e bAhya ugra tapa ane dehadamanane kAraNe tapasvIo pratye sahelAIthI AkarSAya che. A eka sanAtana anubhava che. eka te pArzvapatyika nigraMtha paraMparAnA anuyAyIone tapasyAno saMskAra gaLathuthImAMthI maLela hatuM ane bIjuM, mahAvIranA ane emanA nigraMtha saMghanA ugra tapazcaraNane lIdhe sAdhAraNa janatA, sahaja rIte ja, nigraMtha tarapha jhUkatI hatI. ane tapazcaryA pratye buddhanI zithilatA joIne emane prazna pUchI besatI hatI ke jyAre badhAya zramaNe tapa upara bhAra Ape che, tyAre Apa tapane kema nathI mAnatA ? tyAre buddhane pitAnA pakSane bacAva paNa kare hato ane sAdhAraNa janatA ane adhikArI varga tema ja rAjA-mahArAjAone pitAnAM maMtavya tarapha AkarSavA paNa hatA. tethI tapanI AkarI samAcanA-TIkA karavAnuM emanA mATe anivArya thaI paDatuM. emaNe karyuM paNa ema ja. teo tapanI TIkAmAM saphaLa tyAre ja thaI zakatA hatA ke jyAre teo ema sAbita kare ke tapa e te mAtra kaSTa ja che. e samayamAM aneka tapasvImArga evA paNa hatA ke je kevaLa judI judI jAtanA bAhya kalezomAM ja tapanI pUrNAhuti mAnatA hatA. jyAM sudhI e bAhya mArgonI nirarthakatAne lAgevaLage che tyAM sudhI te buddha kareluM tapasyAnuM khaMDana sAcuM che, paNa jyAre AdhyAtmika zuddhinI sAthe saMkaLAyela tapasyAonA khaMDanane savAla Ave che tyAre e khaMDana nyAyayukta nathI lAgatuM. Ama chatAM budhe te nigraMthatapasyAone aneka vAra chaDecoka virodha karyo che te ene artha eTale ja samajo ke buddha nigraMtha paraMparAnA daSTibiMdune pUrepUruM dhyAnamAM lIdhA vagara kevaLa enA bAhya tapa tarapha ja dhyAna ApyuM.. ane bIjI paraMparAonA khaMDananI sAthe sAthe nigraMtha paraMparAnA 1. aMguttaranikAca 0 1, pR. 220.

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jainadhama nA prANa - tapane paNa khecyuM. nitha para parAnuM tAttvika dRSTibiMdu game te hAya, paNu manuSyasvabhAvanuM avalAkana karatAM, tathA jaina graMthAmAM AvatAM keTalAMka varNIneAne AdhAre, ApaNe ema paNa kahI zakIe ke badhAya ni tapasvI kaI evA na hatA ke jeo peAtAnA tapa ke dehadamanane kevaLa AdhyAtmaka zuddhimAM ja caritArtha karatA hoya. AvI sthitimAM jo khudde tathA emanA ziSyoe nigra Mtha-tapasyAnuM khaMDana karyuM hoya to te amuka aMze sAcuM paNa kahI zakAya ema che. ja bhagavAna mahAvIre ANelI vizeSatA khIjA praznaneA javAba ApaNane jaina Agama mAMthI ja maLI rahe che. yuddhanI jema mahAvIra paNa kevaLa dehadamanane jIvananuM dhyeya gaNatA na hatA; kAraNa ke AvAM aneka prakAranAM dehadamana karanArAene tApasa ke mithyA tapa karanArA kahyA che.ra tapasyAnI bAbatAmAM paNa pArzvanAthanI daSTi mAtra dehadamana ke kAyakalezapradhAna nahIM paNa AdhyAtmika zuddhinA lakSavALI hatI. paNa emAM te muddala zaMka nathI ke nitha paraMparA paNu, kALanA pravAhamAM kheMcAIne ane mAnava-svabhAvanI niSphaLatAneA bhAga banIne, atyAranI mahAvIranI paraMparAnI jema, mukhyatve dehadamana tarapha DhaLI gaI hatI ane AdhyAtmika dhyeya eka bAju rahI gayuM hatuM. bhagavAna mahAvIre je kAMI karyuM. te eTaluM ja ke paraMparAthI cAlyA AvatA e sthUla tapane saMbadha AdhyAtmika zuddhinI sAthe anivAryapaNe joDI dIdhA ane kahI dIdhuM ke badhI jAtanA kAyakaleza, upavAsa vagerethI zarIra ane iMdriyanu damana, e bhale tapa hAya, paNa e bAhya tapa che, AbhyaMtara tapa nahIM AbhyaMtara ane AdhyAtmika tapa te khIjI ja che; ane Atmazuddhi 1. uttarAdhyayana a0 17. 2. bhagavatI 3-1, 11-9. 3. uttarAdhyayana a0 30.

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tapa ane parizAha 141 sAthe ene anivArya saMbaMdha che; ane e dhyAna, jJAna vagere rUpa che. mahAvIre pArvApatyika nigraMtha paraMparAmAM cAlyA AvatA bAhya tapane svIkAra te karyo, paNa jevA ne tevA rUpamAM ene svIkAra na karyo, balka keTaleka aMze pitAnA jIvana dvArA emAM ugratA lAvIne paNa e dehadamanane saMbaMdha AtyaMtara tapanI sAthe joDI dIdho ane sAphasApha kahI dIdhuM ke tapanI pUrNatA te AdhyAtmika zuddhinI prAptithI ja thaI zake che. pitAnA AcaraNathI pitAnA kathanane puravAra karIne mahAvIre jyAM eka tarapha nigraMtha paraMparAmAM pahelAMthI pracalita zuSka dehadamanamAM sudhAro karyo, tyAM bIjI tarapha bIjI zramaNa paraMparAomAM pracalita judI judI jAtanAM dehadamanane paNa apUrNa tapa ke mithyA tapa tarIke oLakhAvyAM. tethI ema kahI zakAya ke tamArgamAM mahAvIranuM viziSTa arpaNa che, ane te e ke kevaLa zarIra ane dinA damanamAM samAI jatA ta5 zabdanA arthane emaNe AdhyAtmika zuddhinA badhAya upAya sudhI vistRta karyo. eTalA mATe ja jaina AgamonAM Thera Thera AvyaMtara ane bAhya, ema banne prakAranAM tapane nirdeza sAthosAtha maLe che. buddhane tapanI pUrva paraMparAne tyAga karIne dhyAna-samAdhinI paraMparA upara ja vadhAre bhAra Apavo hate; jyAre mahAvIrane tapanI pUrvaparaMparAno tyAga karyA sivAya, paNa, enI sAthe AdhyAtmika zuddhine saMbaMdha joDIne, dhyAna-samAdhinA mArga upara bhAra Apavo hatA. bannenI pravRtti ane prarUpaNuM vacce A ja mukhya aMtara che. mahAvIranA ane emanA ziSyonA tapasvI-jIvanane je prabhAva samakAlIna janatA upara paDato hato ethI vivaza thaIne buddhane pitAnA bhikSu saMdhamAM aneka kaDaka niyame dAkhala karavA paDyA, je bauddha graMtha vinayapiTakane jevAthI jANI zakAya che. tema chatAM buddhe kyAreya bAhya - 1. bauddha saMdhano paricaya pR0 22.

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142 jainadharmane prANa tapano pakSa nathI lIdho; bake jyAre jyAre avasara maLyo tyAre emaNe ene upahAsa ja karyo. svayaM buddhanI A zilIne uttarakAlIna badhAya bauddha lekhakoe apanAvI; pariNAme, Aje ApaNe e joIe chIe ke, buddha karelo dehadamanano virodha bauddha saMdhamAM Aje sukumAratAmAM pheravAI gayo che, jyAre mahAvIranuM bAhya tapavALuM jIvana jaina paraMparAmAM kevaLa dehadamanamAM pariNata thaI gayuM. A banne deSa sAmudAyika prakRtinA svAbhAvika doSa che, nahIM ke mULa puruSonA AdarzanA doSa. [daauciM0 naM0 2, 50 90-96] bhagavAna mahAvIre tapanI zodha kAMI navI karI na hatI; tapa to emane kuLa ane samAjanA vArasAmAMthI ja sAMpaDyuM hatuM. emanI zodha je hoya to te eTalI ja ke emaNe tapane--kaThoramAM kaThora tapane-dehadamanane ane kAyakalezane AcaratA rahI temAM AMtaradaSTi umerI, eTale ke bAhya tapane aMtarmukha banAvyuM. prasiddha digaMbara tArkika samaMtabharanI bhASAmAM kahIe to bhagavAna mahAvIre kaThoratama tapa paNa AcaryuM, paraMtu te evA uddezathI ke te dvArA jIvanamAM vadhAre DakiyuM karI zakAya, vadhAre UMDA UtarAya ane jIvanane aMtarmaLa pheMkI daI zakAya. A ja kAraNathI jaina tapa be bhAgamAM vaheMcAI jAya che : eka bAhya ane bIjuM AtyaMtara. bAhya tapamAM dehane lagatAM badhAM ja dekhI zakAya tevAM niyamane AvI jAya che, jyAre AvyaMtara tapamAM jIvanazuddhinA badhA ja Avazyaka niyamo AvI jAya che. bhagavAna dIrghatapasvI kahevAyA te mAtra bAhya tapanA kAraNe nahi, paNa e tapane aMtajIvanamAM pUrNa upayoga karavAne kAraNe ja--e vAta bhulAvI na joIe. tapane vikAsa bhagavAna mahAvIranA jIvanakramamAMthI je aneka paripakava phaLarUpe

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tapa ane pariSaddha 143 ApaNane vArasA maLyA che temAM tapa paNa eka vastu che. bhagavAna pachInAM Aja sudhInAM 2500 varSamAM jaina saMghe jeTalA tapatA ane tenA prakAranA jIvate vikAsa karyo che teTalA khIjA kAI saMpradAye bhAgye ja karyAM haze. e 2500 varSanA sAhityamAMthI kevaLa tapa ane tenAM vidhAnane lagatuM sAhitya juduM tAravavAmAM Ave te eka khAsa abhyAsayeAgya bhAga ja thAya. jaina tapa mAtra graMthAmAM ja nathI rahyuM, e te caturvidha saMdhamAM jIvatA ane vahetA vividha tapanA prakArAnA eka paDaghAmAtra che. Aje paNa tapa AcaravAmAM jenA ekkA gaNAya che. bIjI kAI paNa bAbatamAM jaine kadAca bIjA karatAM pAchaLa rahe, paNa jo tapanI parIkSA----khAsa karI upavAsa-AyaMbilanI parIkSA levAmAM Ave te AkhA dezamAM ane kadAca AkhI duniyAmAM pahele nakhara AvanAra jaina puruSA nahi te! chevaTe strIo nIkaLavAnI ja, evI mArI khAtarI che. tapane lagatA utsaveA, ujamaNAM ane tevA ja bIjA uttejaka prakAre Aje paNa eTalA badhA vyApelA che ke je kuTu'be--khAsa karIne je bahene--tapa karI tenuM nAnuM-moTuM ujamaNuM na karyuM... hAya, tene eka rIte peAtAnI UNapa lAge che. mugala samrATa akabaranuM AkarSaNa karanAra eka kaThera tapasvinI jaina bahena ja hatI. pariSaha tapane te jaina na hoya te paNa jANe che, paraMtu pariSaheAnI AbatamAM tema nathI. ajaina mATe pariSa zabda jarA navA jeve che, paraMtu ene artha navA nathI. dhara cheADI bhikSu anelAne peAtAnA dhyeyanI siddhi mATe je je savuM paDe te pariSa. jaina AgamAmAM AvA pariSaho gaNAvavAmAM AvyA che, te phakta bhikSujIvanane uddezIne ja. khAra prakAranuM tapa darzAvavAmAM AvyuM che te te gRhastha ke tyAgI badhAne ja uddezIne; jyAre bAvIsa pariSaheA gaNAvavAmAM AvyA che

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144 te tyAgI jIvanane uddezIne ja. tapa ane dekhAya che, enA bheda paNa judA che, chatAM pADI zakAya evA e e gA che. jainadhamanA prANa pariSaddhae e judAM ekakhIjAthI chUTA na taniyama ane cAritra e anne eka ja vastu nathI. e ja rIte jJAna e paNa bannethI judI vastu che. Ama chatAM vrataniyama, cAritra ane jJAna e traNanA yAga eka vyaktinA jIvanamAM zakaya che, ane jo e yAga hAya teA jIvanane vadhAre ne vadhAre vikAsa saMbhave che; eTaluM ja nahi, paNa evA yegavALA AtmAnA ja vadhAre vyApaka prabhAva bIjA upara paDe che; athavA te ema kaheA ke evA ja mANasa bIjAne dorI zake che. A ja kAraNathI bhagavAne tapa ane pariSaheAmAM e traNa tattvA samAvyAM che. temaNe joyuM ke manuSyane jIvanapatha lAMkhe che, tenuM dhyeya ati dUra che, te dhyeya jeTaluM dUra che teTaluM ja sUkSma che ane te dhyeye paheAMcatAM vacce meTI musIbato UbhI thAya che; e mAMmAM aMdaranA ane bahAranA banne duzmane humalA kare che, enA pUrNa vijaya ekalA niyamathI, ekalA cAritrathI ke ekalA jJAnathI zakaya nathI. A tattva bhagavAne peAtAnA jIvanamAM anubhavyA bAda ja emaNe tapa ane pariSaheAnI evI geAThavaNI karI ke temAM vrataniyama, cAritra ane jJAna e traNene samAveza thaI jAya. e samAveza emaNe peAtAnA jIvanamAM zakaya karI batAvyA. jaina tapamAM kriyAyoga ane jJAnayoganA sumeLa mULamAM te tapa ane pariSaddha e tyAgI tema ja bhikSujIvanamAMthI ja utpanna thayelAM che--joke ene pracAra ane prabhAva tA eka adanA gRhastha sudhI paNa paheAMcelA che. AryAMvanA tyAgajIvananA uddeza AdhyAtmika zAMtija hatA. AdhyAtmika zAMti eTale klezAnI ane vikArAnI zAMti. A RSione mana klezAne vijaya e ja

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tapa ane pariSaha 145 mahAna vijaya hato. tethI ja te maharSi pataMjali tapanuM prayojana batAvatAM kahe che ke "tapa klezane nabaLA pADavA ane samAdhinA saMskAro puSTa karavA mATe che." tapane pataMjali kriyAyoga kahe che, kAraNa ke e tapamAM vrataniyamane ja gaNe che, tethI pataMjaline kriyAyogathI judo jJAnayoga svIkAravo paDyo che. paraMtu jaina tapamAM te kriyAyoga ane jJAnayoga bane AvI jAya che, ane e paNa smaraNamAM rAkhavuM joIe ke bAhya tapa, je kriyAyoga ja che, te AtyaMtara tapa eTale jJAnaganI puSTi mATe ja che, ne e jJAnanI puSTi dvArA ja jIvananA aMtima sAdhyamAM upagI che, svataMtrapaNe nahi. [daaciM bhA. 1, pR 841-444)

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9 jaina dRSTie brahmacarya vicAra jaina dRSTinuM spaSTIkaraNa mAtra tattvajJAna ke mAtra AcAramAM jaina dRSTi pUrNa thatI nathI. e tattvajJAna ane AcAra ubhayanI maryAdA svIkAre che. kAI paNa vastunA ( pachI te jaDa hAya ke cetana )-tenI badhI bAjuone-vAstavika samanvaya karavA e anekAMtavAda jaina tattvajJAnanA mULa pAyA che; ane rAgadveSanA nAnAmeTA dareka prasaMgAthI alipta rahevArUpa nivRtti e samagra jaina AcAranA mULa pAyA che. anekAntavAdanuM kendra madhyasthatAmAM che ane nivRtti paNa madhyasthatAmAMthI ja janme che, tethI anekAntavAda ane nivRtti e banne ekabIjAnAM pUraka ane pAzvaka che. e banne tattva jeTale aMze samajAya ane jIvanamAM Utare teTale aMze jainadharmanuM jJAna ane pAlana thayuM kahevAya. jainadharmInuM vaheNa nivRtti tarapha che. nivRtti eTale pravRttinI virodhI bIjI bAju, pravRttine a rAgadveSanA prasaMgAmAM jhaMpalAvavuM. jIvanamAM gRhasthAzrama e rAgadveSanA prasaMgAnAM vidhAneAnu kendra che. tethI je dhama mAM gRhasthAzramanuM vidhAna karavAmAM AvyuM che te pravRttidharyuM; ane je dhamAM gRhasthAzramanuM nahi paNa mAtra tyAganuM vidhAna che te nivRttidha, jainadhama e nivRttidhama hovA chatAM tenA pAlana karanArAomAM je gRhasthAzramanA vibhAga dekhAya che te nivRttinI apUrNatAne

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~ ~ ~ jaina daSTie brahAcaryavicAra 147 lIdhe. sarvAze nivRtti meLavavA asamartha vyaktio jeTajeTalA aMzomAM nivRtti seve teTakeTalA aMzomAM teo jaina che. je aMzomAM nivRtti sevI na zake te aMzemAM pitAnI paristhiti pramANe vivekadaSTithI teo pravRtti goThavI le; paNa e pravRttinuM vidhAna jaina zAstra nathI karatuM, tenuM vidhAna che mAtra nivRtti che. tethI jainadharmane vidhAnanI daSTie ekAzramI kahI zakAya. te ekAzrama eTale brahmacarya ane saMnyAsaAzramanA ekIkaraNarUpa tyAgane Azrama. A ja kAraNathI jainAcAranA prANabhUta gaNutAM ahiMsAdi pAMca mahAvate paNa viramaNa(nivRtti)rUpa che. gRhasthanA aNuvrato paNu viramaNarUpa che. phera eTale ke ekamAM sarvAze nivRtti che ane bIjAmAM alpAMze nivRtti che. te nivRttinuM mukhya kendra ahiMsA che. hiMsAthI savaze nivRtta thavAmAM bIjAM badhAM mahAvate AvI jAya che. hiMsAne "prANaghAtarUpa artha karatAM jaina zAstramAM teno artha bahu ja sUkSma ane vyApaka che. bIje koI jIva dubhAya ke nahi, paNa malina vRttimAtrathI pitAnA AtmAnI zuddhatA haNAya che te paNa hiMsA. AvI hiMsAmAM dareka jAtanI sUkSma ke sthUla pApavRtti AvI jAya che. asatyabhASaNa, adattAdAna (cauya), abrahma (mithuna athavA kAmAcAra) ke parigraha-e badhAMnI pAchaLa kAM to ajJAna ane kAM te labha, krodha, kutUla ke bhayAdi malina vRttio preraka hoya che ja. tethI asatyAdi badhI pravRttio hiMsAtmaka ja che. evI hiMsAthI nivRtta thavuM e ja ahiMsAnuM pAlana; ane tevA pAlanamAM saheje bIjA badhA nivRttigAmI dharmo AvI jAya che. jainadharma pramANe bAkInA badhA vidhiniSedhe e ukta ahiMsAnA mAtra piSaka aMge ja che. cetanA ane puruSArtha e AtmAnAM mukhya baLo che. te baLone durupayoga aTakAvavAmAM Ave te ja temane sadupayeganI dizAmAM vALI zakAya. A kAraNathI jainadharma prathama to dezaviramaNa (niSiddhatyAga)

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jainadharmonA prANa 148 rUpa zIlanuM vidhAna kare che; paNa cetanA ane puruSArtha evAM nathI ke te mAtra amuka dizAmAM na javArUpa nivRtti mAtrathI niSkriya thaI paDayAM rahe. te teA peAtAnA vikAsanI bhUkha bhAMgavA gatinI dizA zAdhyA ja kare che. A kAraNathI jainadharme nivRttinI sAthe ja zuddha pravRtti (vihitaAcaraNarUpa cAritra)nAM vidhAne paNa gAThavyAM che. teNe kahyuM che ke malina vRttithI AtmAne ghAta na thavA devA ane tenA rakSaNamAM ja (svadayAmAM ja) buddhi ane puruSArthanA upayoga karavA. pravRttinA e vidhAnamAMthI ja satyabhASaNa, brahmacarya, sateSa Adi vidhimArgo janme che. ATalA vivecana uparathI e jaNAze ke jaina dRSTi pramANe kAmAcArathI nivRtti meLavavI e ahiMsAne mAtra eka aMza che ane te aMzanuM pAlana thatAM ja temAMthI brahmacaryane vidhimAga nIkaLI Ave che. kAmAcArathI nivRtti e khIja che ane brahmacarya e tenu pariNAma che. bhagavAna mahAvIrane uddeza upara kahelA nivRttidharmanA pracAra che, tethI temanA uddezamAM jAtinirmANa, samAjasaMgaThana, AzramavyavasthA Adine sthAna nathI. lAkavyavahAranI cAlu bhUmikAmAMthI game te adhikArI potAnI zakti pramANe nivRtti le ane keLave, tema ja te dvArA mekSa sAthe e eka ja uddezathI bhagavAna mahAvIranA vidhiniSedhA che. tethI temAM gRhasthAzramane ke lagnasaMsthAne vidhi na ja hoya e svAbhAvika che. lagnasaMsthAnuM vidhAna na hovAthI tene lagatI bAbatAnAM vidhAne paNa jainagameAmAM nathI. keTalAka muddAo jaina saMsthA e mukhyapaNe tyAgIonI saMsthA heAvAthI ane temAM ochAvattA pramANamAM tyAga lenAra vyaktionuM mukhya sthAna hovAthI brahmacarya ne vagatI puSkaLa mAhitI maLI Ave che. A sthaLe brahmacarya ne lagatA keTalAka muddAo tAravI te upara jaina zAstronA AdhAre kAMIka

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~~ ~~~~ ~~~ jaina daSTie brahmacaryavicAra 149 lakhavA dhAryuM che. te muddAo A pramANe (1) brahmacaryanI vyAkhyA. (2) brahmacaryanAM adhikArI strIpuruSo. (3) brahmacaryanA judApaNAno itihAsa. (4) brahmacaryanuM dhyeya ane tenA upAya. (4) brahmacaryanA svarUpanI vividhatA ane tenI vyApti. (6) brahmacaryanA aticAre. (7) brahmacaryanI nirapavAdatA. 1. vyAkhyA jaina zAstramAM brahmacarya zabdanI be vyAkhyAo maLe che. pahelI vyAkhyA bahu vizALa ane saMpUrNa che. e vyAkhyA pramANe brahmacarya eTale jIvanasparzI saMpUrNa saMyama. A saMyamamAM mAtra pApakRttio upara aMkuza mUkavAno ja- jaina paribhASAmAM kahIe to Asavanirodhane ja-samAveza nathI thatuM, paNa tevA saMpUrNa saMyamamAM zraddhA, jJAna, kSamAdi svAbhAvika sattionA vikAsane sudhdhAM samAveza thaI jAya che. tethI pahelI vyAkhyA pramANe brahmacarya eTale kAmakrodhAdi dareka asattine jIvanamAM udbhavatI aTakAvI zraddhA, cetanA, nirbhayatA Adi sattio-UrdhvagAmI dharmo-ne jIvanamAM pragaTAvI temAM tanmaya thavuM te. sAdhAraNa lekamAM brahmacarya zabdano je artha jANIto che ane je upara varNavela saMpUrNa saMyamane mAtra eka aMza ja che, te artha brahmacarya zabdanI bIjI vyAkhyAmAM jaina zAstroe paNa svIkArela che. te vyAkhyA pramANe brahmacarya eTale maithunaviramaNa arthAt kAmasaMgane -kAmAcAra-abrahmano tyAga; A bIjA arthamAM brahmacarya zabda eTale badho prasiddha thaI gayA che ke brahmacarya ane brahmacArI kahevAthI dareka jaNa teno artha sAmAnya rIte eTale ja samaje che ke maithuna- " sevanathI dUra rahevuM te brahmacarya ane jIvananA bIjA aMzomAM game te asaMyama hovA chatAM mAtra kAmasaMgathI chUTe rahenAra hoya te 1. sUtrakRtAMgasUtra sUTa 2, apa, gA. 1tatvArthabhASya a0 9, sU0 6.

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jainadhama nA prANa 150 brahmacArI. A bIjo artha ja vrata-niyame svIkAravAmAM khAsa levAya che ane tethI jyAre kAI gRhatyAga karI bhikSu thAya agara dharamAM rahI maryAdita tyAga svIkAre, tyAre brahmaca nA niyama ahiMsAnA niyamathI judo pADIne ja levAmAM Ave che.1 2. adhikArI ane viziSTa strIpuruSo a. strI ke puruSa jAtine jarAye bheda rAkhyA sivAya . bannene ekasarakhI rIte brahmacarya mATe adhikArI mAnavAmAM AvyAM che. te mATe umara, deza, kAla vagerenA kaze ja pratibaMdha mUkavAmAM AvyA nathI. A mATe smRtiomAM judA ja mata batAvelA che. temAM A jAtanA samAna adhikAre asvIkAra karelA che. brahmacarya mATe joItu Atmabala strI ane puruSa banne ekasarakhI rIte pragaTa karI zake che, e bAbatamAM jaina zAstra ane bauddha zAstrane mata eka che. A ja kAraNathI vizuddha brahmacaryane pAlana karanArI aneka strIomAMthI soLa strIe mahAsatI tarIke ekeeka jaina gharamAM jANItI che ane prAtaHkALamAM AbAlavRddha dareka jaina keTalAka viziSTa satpuruSonAM nAmeAnI sAthe e mahAsatIonAM nAmeAnA paNa teonA smaraNane paramamagaLa mAne che. pATha kare che, ane brahmacarya - A.keTalAMka brahmacArI ane brahmacAriNI jIvanamAM zithila thayAnA dAkhalA che; tema tethIye vadhAre AkarSIka dAkhalAe brahmacaryaMmAM adbhuta sthiratA batAvanAra strIpuruSonA che. evAmAM mAtra tyAgI vyakti ja nahi, paNa gRhasthAzramamAM rahelI vyakti paNa Ave che. bimnisAra zreNika rAjAnA putra bhikSu nandiSeNa mAtra kAmarAgane vaza thaI brahmacaryathI vyuta thaI khAra va karI bhAgajIvana svIkAre che. ASADhabhUti nAmaka munie paNa 1. ahiM'sA tathA brahmacaryaMnA pAlananI pratijJA mATe jIe! pAkSikasUtra pR0 8 tathA 23.

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jaina daSTie brahmacaryavicAra 151 tema ja kareluM. AdrakumAra nAmane rAjaputra brahmacaryajIvanathI zithila thaI vIsa varSa sudhI pharI gRhasthAzrama tarapha vaLe che ane chevaTe ekavAra calita thayelA A traNe munio pAchA bevaDA baLathI brahmacaryamAM sthira thAya che. AthI UlaTuM, bhagavAna mahAvIranA paTTadhara ziSya zrI sudha guru pAsethI vartamAna jainAgone jhIlanAra tarIke prasiddha thayela zrI jaMbU nAmaka vaizyakumAre paraNavAne divase ja pitAnI ATha strIone, teonuM atyaMta AkarSaNa chatAM, choDIne tAruNyamAM ja sarvathA brahmacarya svIkAre che, ane e abhuta ane akhaMDa pratijJA vaDe AThe navapariNIta bALAone potAne mArge AvavA prere che. kozA nAmaka vezyAnA prabhaka hAvabhAvo ane rasapUrNa bhojana chatAM, tema ja tene ja ghera ekAntavAsa chatAM, nandamastrI sakaDALanA putra sthUlabhale pitAnA brahmacaryane jarAye AMca AvavA dIdhI nahi ane tene prabhAve e kezAne pAkI brahmacAriNI banAvI. jenonA paramapUjya tIrthakaromAM sthAna pAmela malli e jAte strI hatAM. teoe kaumAra avasthAmAM pitAnI upara Asakta thaI paraNavA AvelA cha rAjakumArone mAmika upadeza ApI virakta banAvyA ane chevaTe brahmacarya levarAvI pitAnA anuyAyI banAvI gupada mATe strI jAtinI yogyatA sAbita karyAnI vAta jemAM khUba jANItI che. bAvIsamA tIrthaMkara neminAthe corImAM pherA pharyA pahelAM ja tyAgelI ane pachI sAdhvI thayelI rAjakumArI rAjImatIe giranAranI guphAnA ekAntamAM pitAnA saundaryane jeI brahmacaryathI calita thatA sAdhu ane pUrvAzramanA diyara rathanemine brahmacaryamAM sthira thavA je mAmika upadeza Apyo che ane te vaDe rathanemine pAchA sthira karI hamezane mATe strI jAti upara mukAtA caMcaLatA ane abalAtvanA Apane dUra karI dhIra sAdhakemAM je viziSTa nAmanA meLavI che te thatA ja upadeza ti upara eka viziSTa nA

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15ra. jainadharmane prANa sAMbhaLatAM ane vAMcatAM Aje paNa brahmacaryanA umedavArane adbhuta vairya arpe che. brahmacAriNuM zrAvikA thayA pachI kozA vezyAe pitAne tyAM AvelA ane caMcaLa mananA thayelA zrI sthUlabhadranA eka gurubhAI ne je zikhAmaNa ApI sthira karyAnI vAta neMdhAI che, te paDatA puruSane eka bhAre kAma Ape tevI ane strI jAtinuM gaurava vadhAre tevI che. paNa A badhAomAM sauthI caDe tevo dAkhalo vijya zeTha ane vijayA zeThANuno che. e banne dampatI paraNyAM tyArathI ja ekazayanazAyI chatAM pitApitAnI, zukala ane kRSNa pakSamAM brahmacarya pALavAnI prathama lIdhela judI judI pratijJA pramANe emAM prasannatApUrvaka AkhI jiMdagI aDaga rahyAM ane haMmezane mATe smaraNIya banI gayAM. e daMpatInI daDhatA, prathama daMpatI ane pAchaLathI bhikSukajIvanamAM Avela bauddha bhikSu mahAkAzyapa ane bhikSaNI bhadrAkapilAnI alaukika daDhatAne yAda karAve che. AvAM aneka AkhyAno jaina sAhityamAM noMdhAyelAM che. emAM brahmacaryathI calita thatA puruSane strI dvArA sthira karAyAnA jevA ejasvI dAkhalAo che tevA ojasvI dAkhalAo calita thatI strIne puruSa dvArA sthira karAyAnA nathI, athavA taddana virala che. 3. brahmacaryanA judApaNAne ItihAsa jaina paraMparAmAM cAra ane pAMca yAnA (mahAvratonA) aneka ullekha maLe che. sUtromAM AvelAM varNana 2 uparathI samajAya che ke bhagavAna pArzvanAthanI paraMparAmAM cAra yAmo (mahAtratA) no pracAra hato, ane zrI mahAvIra bhagavAne temAM eka yAma (mahAvrata) vadhArI paMcayAmika 1. juo bauddha saMghano paricaya pR0 190 tathA 274. 2. sthAnAMgasUtra 50 201.

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jaina daSTie brahmacaryavicAra 153 dharmane upadeza karyo. AcArAMgasUtramAM dharmanAM traNa sAme paNa kahelA che. enI vyAkhyA jotAM ema lAge che ke traNa yAmanI paraMparA paNa jainasaMmata heya. Ano artha ema thayo ke kaI jamAnAmAM jaina paraMparAmAM (1) hiMsAno tyAga, (2) asatyane tyAga ane (3) parigrahano tyAga ema traNa ja yA hatA. pachI emAM cauryano tyAga umerAI traNanA cAra dhAma thayA; ane chelle kAmAcAranA tyAgano yAma vadhArI bhagavAna mahAvIre cAranA pAMca kAma karyA. A rIte bhagavAna mahAvIranA samayathI ane emanA ja zrImukhe upadezAyeluM brahmacaryanuM judApaNuM jaina paraMparAmAM jANItuM che. je samaye traNa ke cAra yAma hatA te samaye paNa pAlana to pAMcanuM thatuM hatuM. phakata e samayanA vicakSaNa ane saraLa mumukSuo caurya ane kAmAcArane parigraharUpa samajI letA, ane parigrahano tyAga karatAM ja te bannene paNa tyAga ApoApa thaI jato. pArzvanAthanI paraMparA sudhI te kAmAcArano tyAga parigrahanA tyAgamAM ja AvI ja ane ethI enuM judu vidhAna nahi thayeluM, paNa Ama kAmAcAranA tyAganA judA vidhAnane abhAve zramaNa saMpradAyamAM brahmacaryanuM zaithilya AvyuM ane keTalAka to evA aniSTa vAtAvaraNamAM paDavA paNa lAgyA. ethI ja bhagavAna mahAvIre parigrahatyAgamAM samAsa pAmatA kAmAcAratyAgane paNa eka khAsa mahAvrata tarIke judo upadezyo. 4. brahmacaryanuM che ane tenA upAya jainadharmamAM anya tamAma vrataniyamonI peThe brahmacaryanuM sAdhya paNa mAtra mekSa che. jagatanI daSTie mahatvanI gaNAtI game te bAbata brahmacaryathI siddha thaI zakatI hoya, paNa jo tenAthI mekSa sAdhavAmAM na Ave te jaina dRSTi pramANe e brahmacarya lekettara (AdhyAtmika) nathI. jaina daSTi pramANe mekSamAM upayogI thatI vastu ja sAcuM mahattva 1. AcArAMga mu. 1, a0 8, u0 1.

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154 jainadharmane prANa dharAve che. zarIrasvAthya, samAjabaLa Adi udeze kharA mekSasAdhaka Adarza brahmacaryamAMthI svataH siddha thaI jAya che. brahmacaryane saMpUrNapaNe siddha karavA be mArge nakakI karavAmAM AvyA che. pahele kriyAmArga ane bIjo jJAnamArga. kriyAmAga, virodhI kAmasaMskArane uttejita thato aTakAvI tenA sthUla vikAraviSane brahmacarya jIvanamAM pravezavA nathI deta; arthAta tenI niSedhabAju siddha kare che; paNa tenAthI kAmasaMskAra nirmULa thatuM nathI. jJAnamArga e kAmasaMskArane nirmULa karI brahmacaryane sarvathA ane sarvadA svAbhAvika jevuM karI mUke che; arthAta tenI vidhibAju siddha kare che. jaina paribhASAmAM kahIe to kriyAmArgathI brahmacarya paramikabhAve siddha thAya che, ane jJAnamArgathI sAyikabhAve siddha thAya che. kriyAmArganuM kArya jJAnamArganI mahattvanI bhUmikA taiyAra karavAnuM hovAthI te mArga vastutaH apUrNa chatAM paNa bahu upayogI manAyo che, ane dareka sAdhaka mATe prathama Avazyaka hovAthI tenA upara jaina zAstramAM bahu ja bhAra mUkavAmAM Avyo che. e kriyAmArgamAM bAhya niyamono samAveza thAya che. e niyamonuM nAma gupti che. gupti eTale rakSAnuM sAdhana, arthAta vADa. evI guptio nava gaNAvavAmAM AvI che. eka vadhu niyama e guptiomAM umerI emane ja brahmacaryanAM daza samAdhisthAnaka tarIke varNavavAmAM AvyAM che. kriyAmArgamAM AvatAM daza samAdhisthAnonuM varNana uttarAdhyayana sUtranA soLamAM adhyayanamAM bahu mArmika rIte karavAmAM AvyuM che. teno sAra A pramANe che : (1) divya ke mAnuSI strInA, bakarI, gheTI vagere pazunA ane napuMsakanA saMsargavALAM zayana, Asana ane raheThANa vagerene upayoga na karo . (2) ekalA ekalI strIonI sAthe saMbhASaNa na karavuM. mAtra strIone kathAvArtA vagere na kahevAM ane strIthA na karavI, eTale ke

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jaina dRSTie brahmacavicAra 155 strInAM jAti, kuLa, rUpa ane veza vagerenuM varNana ke vivecana na karavuM. (3) strIonI sAthe eka Asane na besavu. je Asane strI kheDelI hoya tyAM tenA UcA pachI paNa e ghaDI sudhI na besavuM. (4) strIonAM maneAhara nayana, nAsikA vagere indriyeAnu vA tenAM aMgeApAMganuM avaleAkana na karavuM ane te vizenuM ciMtanasmaraNuM paNa vavuM. (5) strIonA ratiprasaMganA avyakta zabdo, ratikalahanA zabdo, gItanA dhvanio, hAsyanA kilakilATA, krIDAnA zabdo ane viraha samaye rudananA zabdo paDadA pAchaLa rahIne ke bhItanI ADamAM rahIne paNa na sAMbhaLavA. (6) pUrve anubhavelI, AcarelI ke sAMbhaLelI ratikrIDA, kAma-krIDA vagere na saMbhAravAM. (7) dhAtune vadhAranArAM pauSTika khAnapAna na levAM. (8) sAduM khAnapAna paNa pramANathI adhika na levuM. (9) zaNagAra na sajavA; eTale ke kAmarAgane uddezIne snAna, vilepana, dhUpa, mAlTa, vibhUSaNlR ke veza vagerenI racanA na karavI. (10) je zabdo, rUpA, rasA, gadhA ane sparzI kAmaguNane ja poSanArAM hoya teone vavAM. A uparAMta kAmoddIpaka hAsya na karavuM, rAkhavAM, na jovAM, abrahmacArIneA saMga na karavA na karavA jevI khIjI aneka jAtanI kriyAe A samAI jAya che. sUtrakAra kahe che ke pUrvokta niSiddha pravRttimAMnI keAI paNa pravRtti karanAra brahmacArI potAnuM brahmacaryAM te khAze ja, taduparAMta ene kAmajanya mAnasika ke zArIrika regA paNa thavAnA saMbhava che. strInAM citro na vagere brahmacArIe daza sthAnemAM

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1pa6 jainadharmane prANa pa. brahmacaryanA svarUpanI viviMdhatA ane tenI vyApti upara ApelI bIjI vyAkhyA pramANe kAmasaMganA tyAgarUpa brahmacaryane je bhAva sAdhAraNa leke samaje che te karatAM ghaNuM sUkSma ane vyApaka bhAva jaina zAstromAM levAya che. jyAre koI vyakti jainadharmanI munidIkSA le che tyAre te vyakti vaDe levAtI pAMca pratijJAomAM cothI pratijJArUpe evA bhAvanA brahmacaryano svIkAra karavAmAM Ave che. e pratijJA A pramANe che: he pUjya gure ! huM sarva maithunane parityAga karuM chuM arthAta devI, mAnuSI ke tairyacI (pazupakSI saMbaMdhI) koI paNa jAtanA mithunane huM manathI, vANIthI ane zarIrathI, jIvanaparyata nahi evuM, tema ja manathI vacanathI ane zarIrathI traNa prakAre bIjA pAse jIvanaparyata sevarAvIza nahi ane bIjo koI maithuna sevatA haze to temAM huM e ja traNa prakAre jIvanaparvata anumati paNa nahi ApuM. jeke munidIkSAmAM sthAna pAmela upara varNaveluM nava prakAranuM brahmacarya ja bIjI vyAkhyA pramANenA brahmacaryanuM aMtima ane saMpUrNa svarUpa che, chatAM tevA eka ja prakAranA brahmacaryane dareka pAse paLAvavAno durAgraha ke mithyA AzA jaina AcAryoe nathI rAkhyAM. pUrNa zakti dharAvanAra vyakti hoya te brahmacaryano saMpUrNa Adarza sacavAya; ane alpazakti ane azakitavALI hoya to pUrNa Adarzane nAme daMbha cAlavA na pAme evA spaSTa udezathI, zakti ane bhAvanAnI ochIvattI yogyatA dhyAnamAM rAkhI, jaina AcAryoe asaMpUrNa brahmacarya paNa upadezya che. jema saMpUrNatAmAM bhedane avakAza nathI tema asaMpUrNatAmAM abhedano saMbhava ja nathI. tethI apUrNa brahmacaryanA aneka prakAra thaI jAya ane tene lIdhe tenA vrataniyamenI pratijJAo paNa judI judI hoya te svAbhAvika che. AvA asaMpUrNa brahmacaryanA ogaNapacAsa prakAre jaina zAstromAM kalpAyelA che, ane adhikArI

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jaina daSTie brahmacaryavicAra * 157 temAMthI pitAnI zakti pramANe niyama svIkAre che. munidIkSAnA saMpUrNa brahmacaryanI pratijJA levA asamartha ane chatAM tevI pratijJAnA Adarzane pasaMda karI te dizAmAM pragati karavA IcchanAra umedavAra gRhastha pitApitAnI zakti ane ruci pramANe e ogaNapacAsa prakAromAMthI keI ne koI jAtanA brahmacaryane niyama laI zake tevI vividha pratijJAo jaina zAstro pUrI pADe che. A rIte vAstavika ane Adarza brahmacaryamAM bheda na hovA chatAM vyAvahArika jIvananI dRSTie tenA svarUpanI vividhatA jaina zAstromAM bahu vistArapUrvaka varNavavAmAM AvI che. sarvabrahmacarya te nave prakAranuM brahmacarya ane dezabrahmacarya te AMzika brahmacarya. tenuM vadhAre svarUpa A pramANe che : mana, vacana ane zarIra e pratyeka dvArA sevavuM, sevarAvavuM ane sevananI anumati ApavI e nave keTIthI sarva brahmacArIne kAmAcArano tyAga hoya che. sAdhu ke sAdhvI te saMsArano tyAga karatAM ja e nave koTInA pUrNa brahmacaryano niyama le che ane gRhastha paNa tene adhikArI thaI zake che. pUrNa brahmacaryanI e nave keTI uparAMta e pratyeka koTIne dravya, kSetra, kALa ane bhAvanI maryAdA paNa che. e dareka maryAdA kramazaH A pramANe che: koI paNa sajIva ke nirjIva AkRtio sAthe na kATIthI kAmAcArane niSedha e dravyamaryAdA. uparano leka, nIcene leka ane tira che leka e traNemAM nave kATIe kAmAcArano tyAga e kSetramaryAdA. divase, rAtrIe ke e samayanA koI bhAgamAM e ja nave kaTIthI kAmAcArano niSedha e kALamaryAdA. ane rAga ke dveSathI eTale mAyA, lebha, Sa ke ahaMkAranA bhAvathI kAmAcArano nave keTathI tyAga e bhAvamaryAdA. AMzika brahmacaryane adhikArI gRhastha ja hoya che. ene potAnA kuTuMba uparAMta sAmAjika javAbadArI hoya che, ane pazupakSInA pAlananI paNa ciMtA hoya che. eTale ene vivAha karavA-karAvavAnA prasaMgo ane pazu-pakSIne garbhAdhAna karAvavAnA prasaMge AvyA ja kare che. A kAraNathI gRhastha

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jainadhama nA prANa 158 e nave kATInuM brahmacaya bahu virala rIte pALI zake che. AgaLa je nava kATIo batAvI che temAMnI mana, vacana ane zarIrathI anumati ApavAnI traNa kATI ene nathI hotI; arthAt enuM uttama brahmacarya AkInI ye kaiATIe lIdheluM heAya che. AMzika brahmacarya levAnI A cha paddhatio che : (1) dviviSe trividhe, (2) dviviSe dviviSe, (3) dviviSe ekavidhe, tathA (4) ekavidhe trividhe, (5) ekavidhe dvividhe, (6) ekavidhe ekavidhe. AmAMnA kAI eka prakArane gRhastha peAtAnI zakti pramANe brahmacarya mATe svIkAre che. dvividhe eTale karavu ane karAvavuM e apekSAe ane trividhe eTale mana, vacana ane zarIrathI; arthAt manathI karavA-karAvavAne tyAga, vacanathI karavA-karAvavAne tyAga ane zarIrathI karavA-karAvavanA tyAga. e prathama paddhati che. A ja rIte badhI paddhatio levAnI che. 6. brahmacaryanA aticAra kAI paNa pratijJAne lagatAM cAra dUSaNeA heAya che. temAM laukika dRSTithI dUSitapaNAnuM tAratamya mAnavAmAM Ave che. e cAre pratijJAnA dhAtaka teA che ja, paNa vyavahAra te pratijJAnA dazya dhAtane ja dhAta mAne che. e cAranAM nAma ane svarUpa A pramANe cheH (1) pratijJAne atikrama karavA eTale pratijJAnA bhaMgane mAnasika sakalpa karaveza. (2) pratijJAne vyatikrama karavA eTale e sakalpanI sahAyaka sAmagrInA saMyeAganI ceAjanA karavI. A banne dUSaNurUpa hovA chatAM vyavahAra e bandene kSamya gaNe che, arthAt manuSyanI apUrNa bhUmikA ane tenI AsapAsanuM vAtAvaraNa jotAM e banne doSA calAvI levAya kharA.

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jaina dRSTie prAcaya vicAra 159 (3) paNa je pravRttine lIdhe vyavahAramAM paNa lIdhelI pratijJAne AMzika bhaMga manAya, arthAt je pravRtti vaDe manuSyanuM vartana vyavahAramAM dUSita manAya te pravRttine tyAjya mAnavAmAM AvI che. evI pravRttinuM ja nAma aticAra vA doSa che, ane e trIjo deSa gaNAya che. (4) anAcAra eTale pratijJAne sarvathA nAza. e mahAdoSa che. zAstrakAra kahe che ke gRhasthanA zIlanA pAMca aticAra che : (1) ttarapariMgRhItAgamana, (2) aparigRhItAgamana, (3) ana'gakrIDA, (4) paravivAhakaraNa, (5) kAmabhogAmAM tIvra abhilASa. A pAMce prakAranI pravRtti svadArasa MtoSI gRhasthanA zIlane dUSaNarUpa che. kAI paNa gRhastha svadArasa MtoSane pUrepUre! vaphAdAra rahe te e pAMcamAMnI eka paNa pravRttine kadI paNa nahi Acare. 7. brahmacaryanI nirapavAdatA ahiMsA, satya, asteya vagere mahAtratA sApavAda che, paraMtu mAtra eka brahmacaya ja nirapavAda che. ahiMsA vrata sApavAda che eTale sarva prakAre ahiMsAnA pAlaka kAI khAsa viziSTa lAbhanA uddezathI hiMsAnI pravRttimAM Utare chatAM tenA vratano bhaMga nathI manAtA. keTalAka te prasaMgeA ja evA che ke jene laIne e ahiMsaka hisA na ja kare yA hiMsAmAM pravRtta na ja thAya to tene virAdhaka paNa mAnelA che. virAdhaka eTale jaina AnAnA leApaka. AvI ja sthiti satyavrata ane asteyAdi vratamAM paNa ghaTAvavAnI che. paNa brahmacaryamAM te Ave! eka paNa apavAda nathI. jeNe je jAtanuM brahmacaryAM svIkAyu" hoya teNe vinA apavAde tevuM ne tevuM ja AcaravAnuM che. khIjAnA AdhyAtmika hitanI dRSTi lakSyamAM rAkhIne ahiMsAdine apavAda karanArA taTastha yA vItarAga rahI zake che; brahmacaryanA apa1. tilakAcA kRta jItakalpavrutti pR0 35-36.

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jainadhama nA prANa 10 vAdamAM evA saMbhava ja nathI; evA prasaMga tA rAga, meha ke dveSane ja. AdhIna che. vaLI, eve! kAmAcAranA prasaMga kAInA AdhyAtmika hitane mATe paNa saMbhavI nathI zakatA. AvA ja kAraNathI brahmacarya'nA pAlananuM nirapavAda vidhAna karavAmAM AvyuM che ane e mATe dareka jAtanA upAye| paNa batAvavAmAM AvyA che. brahmacaryanA bhaMga karanArAne prAyazcitta te AkarAM che ja, temAM paNa je jeTale UMce darajjethI brahmacaryanI virAdhanA kare che tene tenA darajjA pramANe tIvra, tIvratara, tIvratama prAyazcitta kahelAM che. jema ke, kAI sAdhAraNa kSullaka sAdhu ajJAna ane mehane vaza thaI brahmacaryanI virAdhanA kare teA tenuM prAyazcitta enA kSullaka adhikAra pramANe ceAjeluM che. ane gItA ( siddhAMtanA pAragAmI ane samAnya) AcArya AvI bhUla kare teA tenuM prAyazcitta pelA kSullaka sAdhu karatAM anekagaNuM vadhAre kaheluM che. leAkeAmAM paNa A ja nyAya pracalita che. kAI taddana sAmAnya mANasa AvI bhUla kare te samAja e viSe lagabhaga bedarakAra jevA rahe che, paNa kA kulIna ane Adarza kADhIne mANasa A prasaMgane aMge sAdhAraNa paNa bhUla kare teA samAja tene kadApi sAMkhI letA nathI.1 [daaci'0 bhA. 1, pR0 507-515, 517-521, 524527, 533, 534 ] 1. A lekhanA sahalekhaka zrI ecaradAsajI dAzo paNa che.

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10 Avazyaka kriyA * vaidrika samAjamAM 'sa'dhyA'nuM, pArasIomAM * khera deha avastA 'nuM, yahUdIo ane krizciyanAmAM ' prAthanA ' nu ane musalamAnemAM ' " " namAja 'tuM jevuM mahattva che evuM ja mahattva jaina samAjamAM ' Avazyaka 'nuM che. " sAdhuone te savAra-sAMja anne vakhate 'Avazyaka ' anivAya rIte karavuM ja paDe che; kema ke zAstranI evI AjJA che ke pahelA ane chellA tIrthaMkarAnA sAdhuo 'Avazyaka ' niyamapUrvaka kare. tethI jo teo e AjJAnuM pAlana na kare te emane sAdhupadanA adhikArI ja na lekhI zakAya. zrAvakAmAM ' Avazyaka 'ne pracAra vaikalpika-aicchika che. eTale jeo bhAvanAzIla ane niyama pALavAvALA hAya che, teo e avazya kare che; ane khIjA zrAvakAmAM AnI pravRtti aicchika che. Ama chatAM eTaluM te jovAmAM Ave che ke jeo rAja ' Avazyaka ' na karatA hAya tee paNa pakhavADiye, cAra mahine ke chevaTe varSe te banatAM sudhI e jarUra kare che. zvetAMbara sapradAyamAM ' Avazyaka kriyA 'ne eTale badhe Adara che ke je vyakti khIjA kAI samaye dharmasthAnamAM na jatI hoya e, tema ja nAnAM-moTAM bAlaka-bAlikAo paNu, moTe bhAge sAMvatsarika

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jainadharmanA prANa 162 parvanA divase * Avazyaka kriyA ' karavA mATe dharmasthAnamAM bhegAM thaI ja jAya che; ane e kriyAne karavAmAM badhAM peAtAnAM aheAbhAgya mAne che. AnA uparathI eTaluM te spaSTa rUpe jANI zakAya che ke zvetAMbara saMpradAyamAM * Avazyaka kriyA 'nuM mahattva keTaluM badhuM che! A kAraNane lIdhe ja badhA peAtAnI saMtatine dhArmika zikSaNa apAvatI vakhate sauthI pahelAM * Avazyaka kriyA 'tA abhyAsa karAve che. : ' Avazyaka kriyA ' eTale zuM ? sAmAyika vagere pratyeka 'Avazyaka'nu svarUpa zuM che? emanA bhedakramanuM samarthana kevI rIte thaI zake? Avazyaka kriyA 'te AdhyAtmika kema lekhavAmAM Ave che? vagere praznone vicAra karavA jarUrI che. ( ' 'Avazyaka kriyA'nI prAcIna vidhi kathAM sacavAI rahI che? paraMtu A savAlAne vicAra karIe te pahelAM ahIM eka vAta jANI levI jarUrI che ke Avazyaka kriyA 'nI je vidhi cUniA samaya karatAM paNa bahu prAcIna che ane jenA ullekha zrIharibhadrasUri jevA pratiSThita AcArye potAnI AvazyakavRtti ( pR. 790 )mAM karyAM che, e vidhi dhaNekhare aMze kAI paNa jAtanA pheraphAra vagara, jemanI tema, jevI zvetAMbara mUrtipUjaka saMpradAyamAM cAlI Ave che, evI sthAnakavAsI soMpradAyamAM nathI. A vAta tapAgaccha, kharataragaccha vagere gacchanI sAmAcArI jovAthI spaSTa jaNAI Ave che. sthAnakavAsI saMpradAyanI sAmAcArImAM jevI rIte ' Avazyaka kriyA mAM khelAtAM keTalAMya prAcIna trAmAM--jevAM ke, pukharavaradIvarDsa, siddhANu yuddhANaM, ararihaMtaceIyANu, AyariyauvajjhAe, akSukriyAha' vagere mUtrAmAM--kApakUpa karavAmAM AvI che, evI ja rIte emAM prAcIna vidhinI paNa kApakUpa karAyelI jovAmAM Ave che. AthI UlaTu tapAgaccha, kharataragaccha vagerenI sAmAcArImAM ' Avazyaka 'nAM prAcIna sUtro tathA enI prAcIna vidhimAM kAI pheraphAra karyAnuM jovAmAM nathI AvatuM. arthAt ' sAmAyika .

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Avazyaka kriyA 163 Avazyaka 'thI laI ne eTale ke pratikramaNanI sthApanAthI zarU karIne--te - pratyAkhyAna-praccakkhANa ' sudhInAM chaye AvazyakanAM sUtrone tathA vacamAM vidhi karavAne krama meTe bhAge e ja che, jene ullekha zrIharibhadrasUrie karyo che. Avazyaka kriyA eTale zu? " Avazyaka kahe ' vAmAM Ave che. Avazyaka kriyA ' badhAne mATe eka nathI; e adhikArabhede judI judI che. tethI ' Avazyaka kriyA 'nuM svarUpa jaNAvatAM pahelAM e jaNAvavuM jarUrI che ke ahIM kevA prakAranA adhikArIonA Avazyaka kam"nA vicAra thAya che? " je kriyA avazya karavA jevI hAya ene ja ' sAmAnya rIte zarIradhArI prANIonA e vibhAga che : (1) ahidRSTi ane (2) antardaSTi. jeo aMtardaSTi che--jemanI dRSTi AtmA tarapha DhaLelI che, arthAt jeo sahaja sukhane pragaTa karavAne vicAra tathA prayatna karI rahyA che--emanAM ja * Avazyaka kama nA ahIM vicAra karavAnA che. A kathana uparathI e nizcita thAya che ke jeo jaDa vastuomAM peAtAnI jAtane bhUlI nathI gayA----jemanI dRSTine kAI paNa jaDa vastunuM sauMdarya lAbhAvI nathI zakatuM--emanuM 'Avazyaka karmI' e ja hoI zake ke jene laI te emane AtmA sahaja sukhane anubhava karI zake. jyAre aMtaSTi dharAvatA AtmAonA samyaktva, cetanA, cAritra vagere guNa vyakta heAya tyAre ja teo sahaja sukhane anubhava karI zake che. tethI je kriyAo samyaktva vagere guNAnA vikAsamAM sahAyaka thAya e kriyAone ja teo ' Avazyaka ka' samaje che. eTale ahI TUMkANamAM ' Avazyaka 'nI vyAkhyA eTalI ja samajavI ke je kriyA jJAnAdi guNAne pragaTa karavA mATe avazya karavA jevI hAya e ja * Avazyaka.' AvuM ' Avazyaka ' jJAna ane kriyA ubhaya pariNAmarUpaarthAt

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164. jainadharmane prANa upayogapUrvaka karavAmAM AvatI kriyA-che. A ja kama AtmAne guNasaMpanna karanAruM hovAthI e "AvAsaka" paNa kahevAya che. vaidika darzanamAM "Avazyaka" gaNavAmAM AvatAM karmo mATe "nityakama" zabda prasiddha che. jaina darzanamAM "avazya kartavya, dhruva, nigraha, vizodhi, adhyayanakavarga, nyAya, ArAdhanA, mArga vagere aneka zabdo evA che ke je "Avazyaka" zabdanA samAnArthaka-paryAya che.? cha AvazyakanuM svarUpa sthULa dRSTie "Avazyaka kriyAnA cha bheda karavAmAM AvyA cheH (1) sAmAyika, (2) caturvizatistava, (3) vaMdana, (4) pratikramaNa, (5) kAyotsarga ane (6) pratyAkhyAna. (1) sAmAyika-rAga ane dveSane tAbe na thatAM samabhAvamadhyastha bhAvamAM-rahevuM, arthAt badhAnI sAthe Atmatulya vyavahAra kare, e sAmAyika kahevAya che. enA (1) samyaktvasAmAyika, (2) zrutasAmAyika ane (3) cAritrasAmAyika e traNa bheda che; kAraNa ke samyaktvathI, mRtathI ke cAritrathI ja samabhAvamAM rahI zakAya che. adhikArInA bhede cAritrasAmAyikanA paNa be bheda che : (1) dezacAritra ane (2) sarvacAritra. dezacAritra-sAmAyika gRhasthane ane sarvacAritra-sAmAyika sAdhuone hoya che. samatA, samyaktva, zAMti, suvihita vagere zabdo sAmAyikanA paryAya che. (2) caturvizatistava--jeo sarvaguNasaMpanna AdarzarUpa che, te covIsa tIrthakaronI stutirUpa che. AnA (1) dravya (2) bhAva, e be bheda che. phUla vagare sAtvika vastuo dvArA tIrthakaronI pUjA karavI, 1. AvazyakavRtti pR. 53. 2. Avazyakaniyukti gA0 1032. 3. Avazyakaniryukti gAtra 796. , 4. ejana gAtra 1033.

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Avazyaka kriyA 165 e "davya stava" che. ane emanA vAstavika guNanuM kIrtana karavuM, e "bhAvastava" che. adhikArI vizeSa gRhasthane mATe "vyastava" keTaluM lAbhakAraka che te Avazyaka niryukti (pR. 492-93) mAM jaNAvyuM che. (3) vaMdana-pUjya pratye bahumAna darzAvatI mana, vacana, kAyAnI pravRtti, e vaMdana che. zAstromAM vaMdananA citikama, kRtikarma, pUjAkarma vagere paryAe jANItA che. vaMdananA yathArtha svarUpane jANavA mATe vaMgha kevA hovA joIe ? e keTalA prakAranA che? avaMgha koNa koNa che? avaMghane vaMdana karavAmAM zo doSa che ? vaMdana karatI veLAe kayA kayA deze dUra karavA joIe ? vagere bAbato jANavA jevI che. dravyacAritra ane bhAvacAritra, e banne prakAranA cAritradhArI munio vaMgha che. 3 vaMdanane pAtra munio (1) AcArya, (2) upadhyAya, (3) pravartaka, (4) sthavira ane (5) ratnAdhika-eTale ke pitAthI adhika samyagdarzanAdiguNayukta muni, ema pAMca prakAranA che. jemAM vyaliMga ke bhAvaliMga, emAMnuM eka paNa na hoya te avaMgha che. koNa vaMdanIya ane koNa avaMdanIya, e saMbaMdhamAM sikkAnI caturbhagI jANItI che. cAMdI zuddha hoya paNa uparanI chApa barAbara na hoya to evA sikkAne koI letuM nathI. e ja rIte jeo bhAvaliMga to dharAve che, paNa dravyaliMga vagaranA che, te pratyekabuddha vagerene vaMdana karavAmAM nathI AvatuM. je sikkA upara chApa te barAbara UThelI hoya, paNa cAMdI azuddha hoya te e sikakAne paNa svIkAra thato nathI. e pramANe dravyaliMgadhArI hovA chatAM jeo bhAvaliMga vagaranA hoya te 1. Avazyaka vRtti pR. 492. 2. Avazyaka niryukti gA0 1103 3. Avazyaka niryukti gA0 1106. 4. ejana gA0 11 95,

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jainadharmane prANa pAzvastha-pAsatthA vagere pAMca prakAranA kusAdhuo avaMdanIya che. je sikkAmAM cAMdI ane chApa bane barAbara na hoya ene paNa kaIletuM nathI. e pramANe jeo dravya ane bhAva banne liMgathI rahita che teo vaMdanIya nathI. vaMdanane yogya te phakta teo ja che, jeo zuddha cAMdI ane zuddha chApavALA sikkAnI jema dravya ane bhAva bane prakAranAM liMganAM dhAraka hoya. je vaMdana karavAne gya na hoya ene vaMdana karavAthI vaMdana karanArane na to karmanI nirjarA thAya che ke na to kIti maLe che; babbe asaMyama vagere doSonI anumodanA karavAthI karmabaMdha thAya che. avaMghane vaMdana karavAthI kevaLa vaMdana karanArane ja doSa lAge che, evuM nathI, kiMtu guNa puruSo pAse potAnuM vaMdana karAvavArUpa asaMyamanI vRddhine kAraNe avaMdanIya AtmAno paNa adha:pAta thAya che. 3 vaMdana batrIza daSothI rahita hovuM joIe. "anAdata" vagere batrIsa doSa AvazyakaniyuktinI 1207-1211 gAthAomAM varNavyA che. (4) pratikramaNa-pramAdane kAraNe zubha rogathI nIce paDIne ane zubha yoga prApta karI lIdhA pachI pharIvAra zubha yogane prApta kare enuM nAma "pratikramaNa" che; tema ja azubha yogano tyAga karIne uttarottara zubha yogamAM pravRtta thavuM, e paNa " pratikramaNa che.prativaraNu, pariharaNa, karaNa, nivRtti, niMdA, gaha ane zadhi-A badhA "pratikramaNa"nA paryAyo che. A zabdono bhAvArtha samajAvavA mATe dareka zabdanI vyAkhyA karatAM eka eka dRSTAMta Apela che, je bahu mana 1. Avazyakaniyukti gA0 1138, 2. ejana gA0 1108. 3. ejana gA. 1110. 4. AvazyakasUtra pR0 553. 5. Avazyakaniryukti gA1233.

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Avazyaka kriyA raMjaka che. "pratikramaNane artha che pAchA pharavuM: eka sthitimAM jaIne vaLI pAchI mULa sthitine prApta karI levI e "pratikramaNa che. pratikramaNanA (1) devasika, (2) rAtrika, (3) pAkSika, (4) cAturmAsika ane (5) sAMvatsarika-e pAMca bheda bahu prAcIna ane zAstrasaMmata che, kAraNa ke ene ullekha zrI bhadrabAhusvAmIe paNa karyo che. kALabhede traNa prakAranuM pratikramaNa paNa kahyuM che: (1) bhUtakALamAM lAgela denI AlecanA karavI, (2) saMvara karIne vartana mAnakALanA doSothI bacavuM ane (3) paccakhANa karIne bhaviSyakALanA doSone rokavA, e paNa pratikramaNa che. uttarottara AtmAnA vadhu ne vadhu zuddha svarUpamAM rahevAnI bhAvanAvALA adhikArIoe e paNa jANavuM joIe ke pratikramaNa konuM kenuM karavuM joIe ? . (1) mithyAtva, (2) avirati, (3) kaSAya ane (4) aprazasta yoga, e cAranuM pratikramaNa karavuM joIe. arthAta mithyAtvano tyAga karIne samyaktva meLavavuM joIe, aviratino tyAga karIne viratine svIkAra karavo joIe; kaSAyone dUra karIne kSamA vagere guNo prApta karavA joIe; ane saMsAranI vRddhi karanAra mana-vacana-kAyAnI pravRttine tajIne AtmasvarUpanI prApti karavI joIe. sAmAnya rIte pratikramaNa (1) dravya ane (2) bhAva, evA be prakAranuM che. bhAvapratikramaNa ja upAdeya che, dravya pratikramaNa nahIM. dravyapratikramaNa e che, je dekhAvane mATe karavAmAM Ave che. deSonuM pratikramaNa karyA pachI paNa, pharI e doSanuM vAraMvAra sevana karavuM, e dravyapratikramaNa che. AthI AtmA zuddha thavAne badale pUchatAne lIdhe doSonuM vadhAre piSaNa thAya che. AvA dravyapratikramaNa mATe, kAMkarA mArI 1. Avazyakaniryukti gAya 1242. 2. ejana gA0 1247. 3. AvazyakavRtti 50 551,

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jainadharmane prANa mArIne kuMbhAranAM vAsaNone vAraMvAra phADI nAkhIne kSamA mAMganAra kSullaka sAdhunuM daSTAMta jANItuM che. (5) kAyotsarga-dharma ke zukla dhyAnane mATe ekAgra thaIne zarIra uparanI mamatAno tyAga kare, te "kAyotsarga"--kAusagga. kAyotsarga barAbara karI zakAya te mATe enA doSono tyAga karavo joIe. e ghaTaka vagere deSa saMkSepamAM ogaNasa che. . kAusaggathI dehanI ane buddhinI jaDatA dUra thAya che arthAta vAta vagere dhAtuonI viSamatA dUra thAya che. ane buddhinI maMdatA dUra thavAthI vicArazaktino vikAsa thAya che. kAyotsargathI sukha-duHkhatitikSAmAM--eTale ke anukULa ane pratikULa banne prakAranA saMyogomAM- samabhAva rAkhavAnI zakti pragaTe che. bhAvanA ane dhyAnano abhyAsa kAyetsathI paripuSTa thAya che. aticAranuM ciMtana paNa kAusagnamAM sArI rIte thaI zake che. A rIte jotAM kAusagga e bahu mahattvanI kriyA che. kAusagga daramyAna levAnA zvAsozvAsanuM kAlamAna eka zlekanA eka caraNanA uccAraNanA kAlamAna jeTaluM kahevAmAM Ave che. (6) pratyAkhyAna-tyAga karavAne "pratyAkhyAna "--paccakkhANa kahe che. be jAtanI vastuono tyAga karavAno hoya che : (1) dravya ane (2) bhAva. anna, vastra vagere bAhya vastuo dravyarUpa che; ane ajJAna, asaMyama vagere vaibhAvika-pudgalajanya AtmapariNAma bhAvarUpa che. anna, vastra vagera bAhya vastuono tyAga ajJAna, asaMyama Adino tyAga karIne bhAvatyAgapUrvaka ane bhAvatyAganA dhyeyathI ja thavo joIe. je dravyatyAga bhAvatyAgapUrvaka tathA bhAvatyAgane mATe nathI karavAmAM Avate tethI AtmAne guNanI prApti nathI thatI. je paccakkhANa (1) zraddhA, (2) jJAna, (3) vaMdana, (4) anurUpa pAlana, (5) anurUpa saMbhASaNa ane (6) bhAva-A cha zuddhio sAthe 1. Avazyakanikti gAla 1546-47.

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Avazyaka kriyA karavAmAM Ave te zuddha paccakhANa che. pratyAkhyAnanuM bIjuM nAma "guNadhAraNa" che, te eTalA mATe ke ethI aneka guNa prApta thAya che. pratyAkhyAnathI Amravane nirodha eTale ke saMvara thAya che. saMvarathI tRSNane nAza, tRSNAne nAzathI anupama samabhAva pragaTe che. ane evA samabhAvathI anukrame mokSanI prApti thAya che. kramanI svAbhAvikatA ane upapatti jeo aMtardaSTi dharAve che, emanA jIvananuM mukhya dhyeya samabhAva-sAmAyika prApta karavAnuM hoya che. tethI pratyeka pravRttimAM samabhAvanuM darzana thAya che. aMtardaSTivALA jyAre koIne samabhAvanI pUrNatAne zikhare ArUDha thayelA jANe che tyAre teo emanA vAstavika guNenI stuti karavA lAge che. A rIte teo samabhAvamAM rahelA sAdhupune vaMdana-namaskAra karavAnuM paNa nathI cUkatA. aMtardaSTi dharAvanArAonA jIvanamAM evI skUti-apramattatA hoya che ke kyAreka teo pUrvavAsanAne lIdhe ke kharAba saMsargane pariNAme samabhAvathI * *** cuta thaI jAya to paNa e apramattAne lIdhe, pratikramaNa karIne teo pitAnI pahelAMnI sthitine pharI prApta karI le che, ane kyAreka kyAreka te pahelAMnI sthitithI AgaLa paNa vadhI jAya che. dhyAna e ja AdhyAtmika jIvananA vikAsanI cAvI che. tethI aMtardaSTinA dharAvanArA vAraMvAra dhyAna-kAusagga kare che. dhyAna dvArA cittazuddhi karIne teo AtmasvarUpamAM savizeSa nimagna thaI jAya che. eTale jaDa vastuonA bhAgane tyAga-paccakkhANa paNa emane mATe sahaja kriyA banI jAya che. A rIte e spaSTa rUpe samajI zakAya che ke AdhyAtmika puruSonA ucca tathA svAbhAvika jIvananuM pRthakkaraNa, e ja "Avazyaka kriyA nA kramano AdhAra che.

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170 jainadharmane prANa Avazyaka kriyA'nI AdhyAtmikatA je kriyA AtmAnA vikAsane anulakSIne karavAmAM Ave e ja AdhyAtmika kriyA che. AtmAnA vikAsane uddeza enA samyaktva, cetana, cAritra vagere guNanI krame krame zuddhi karavAnuM che. A kasoTIe kasatAM e nizcitapaNe siddha thAya che ke "sAmAyika" vagere the "Avazyaka AdhyAtmika che; kAraNa ke sAmAyikanuM phaLa pApajanaka pravRttinI nivRtti che, ke je karmanI nirjarA dvArA AtmAnA vikAsanuM nimitta bane che. caturvizatistavano uddeza guNAnurAganI vRddhi karIne guNenI prApti karavI e che. e paNa karmanI nirjarA dvArA AtmAnA vikAsanuM sAdhana bane che. vaMdanakriyAthI vinayanI prApti thAya che, mAnane nAza thAya che, gurujanonI pUjA-bhakti thAya che, tIrthakaronI AjJAnuM pAlana thAya che, ane mRtadharmanI ArAdhanA thAya che, je AtmAnA kramika vikAsa dvArA mekSanAM nimitta bane che. vaMdana karanArAone namratAne lIdhe zAstrazravaNane lAbha maLe che. zAstrazravaNathI anukrame jJAna, vijJAna, pratyAkhyAna, saMyama, anADhava, tapa, karmanAza, akriyA-ayoga [-mana-vacana-kAyAnI pravRttine abhAvI ane kSa-e phaLa maLe che. eTalA mATe vaMdanakriyA AtmAnA vikAsanuM asaMdigdha nimitta che. kharI rIte AtmA pUrNa zuddha ane pUrNa baLavAna che, paNa judI judI vAsanAonA anAdi pravAhamAM paDavAne lIdhe e doSonAM aneka paDe nIce dabAI gayo che. tethI jyAre e UMce caDavAne prayatna kare che tyAre enAthI, anAdikALanA abhyAsane kAraNe, bhUla thaI javI svAbhAvika che. jyAM sudhI e bhUlenI zuddhi na kare tyAM sudhI iSTasiddhi thaI ja na zake. eTalA mATe Dagale ne pagale thayelI bhUlene saMbhArIne, pratikramaNa dvArA pharI evI bhUla na karavAno e nizcaya karI le che. A rIte pratikramaNa-kriyAne uddeza pahelAMnA dezone dUra karavAno ane pharI evA doSo na thaI jAya e mATe AtmAne 1. Avazyaka niryukti gAi 1215 tathA enI vRtti.

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Avazyaka kriyA 171 sAvadhAna karI devAnuM che, jethI AtmA doSamukta thaIne dhIme dhIme pitAnA zuddha svarUpamAM avasthita thaI jAya. ATalA mATe pratikramaNanI kriyA AdhyAtmika che. kAusaggathI citta ekAgra thAya che, ane AtmAne pitAnA svarUpane vicAra karavAno avasara maLe che, jethI AtmA. bhayamukta banIne pitAnA muzkelamAM muzkela sAdhyane prApta karI zake che. A kAraNe ja kAusagganI kriyA paNa AdhyAtmika kriyA che. duniyAmAM je kaMI che e badhuM na te bhogavI zakAya che ke na te bhegavavAne gya che. ane vAstavika zAMti te pAra vagaranA bhAge bhegavIe te paNa maLI zakatI nathI. tethI pratyAkhyAna-kriyA dvArA mumukSuo pitAnI jAtane nirarthaka bhogothI ugArI le che ane ema karIne cirakAlIna AtmazAMti meLave che. tethI pratyAkhyAnanI kriyA paNa AdhyAtmika ja che. pratikamaNa zabadane rUDha artha "pratikramaNa' zabdanI vyutpatti "preta + La = pratikramaNa e pramANe che. A vyutpatti pramANe eno artha "pAchA pharavuM eTale ja thAya che. paNa rUTine lIdhe "pratikramaNuM" zabda phakta cothA "Avazyakane tema ja ye AvazyakonA samUhano sUcaka banI jAya che. chaye AvazyakanA sUcaka tarIke e zabdanI prasiddhi eTalI badhI thaI gaI che ke AjakAla "Avazyaka' zabdane prayoga karavAne badale sau koI ye "Avazyakone mATe " pratikramaNa" zabdano upayoga kare che. A rIte vyavahAramAM ane arvAcIna graMthomAM pratikramaNa" zabda "Avazyaka zabdano paryAya banI gayo che. prAcIna graMthomAM sAmAnya "Avazyaka'nA. arthamAM "pratikramaNa" zabdano prayoga kyAMya jovAmAM nathI Avyo. pratikramaNagarbha hetu," "pratikramaNavidhi," "dharma saMgraha vagere arvAcIna graMthomAM "pratikramaNa" zabda sAmAnya "Avazyaka'nA arthamAM vaparAyo che, ane sAdhAraNa jaina janatAmAM sAmAnya "AvazyakanA arthamAM pratikramaNa zabdane ekadhAre upayoga thato hoya ema dekhAya che. [daauciM0 naM. 2, pR. 174-185]

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11 jIva ane paMca parameSThI parameSThIne artha prazna : parameSTI kene kahe che ? uttara : je jIva parama arthAta utkRSTa svarUpamAM samabhAvamAM chinna" eTale avasthita che, teo ja parameSTI kahevAya che. prazna : parameSTI ane emanAthI judA jIvo vacce zo phera che ? uttara : phera AdhyAtmika vikAsanA hevA ane na hovAne che. jeoe AdhyAtmika vikAsa sAdhyo che ane nirmaLa Atmazakti meLavI che te parameSTI gaNAya che. ane jeonI AtmazaktimAM mela che te emanAthI judA che. prazna : jeo atyAre parameSThI nathI, zuM teo paNa sAdhane dvArA AtmAne nirmaLa karIne evA thaI zake che? uttara : jarUra. prazna : te pachI jeo parameSThI nathI ane jeo parameSThI banyA che, e banne vacce zaktinI apekSAe zuM pharaka samajavo ? uttara : kaMI nahIM. pharaka phakta zaktionA pragaTa thavA ane nahIM thavAnuM che. ekamAM AtmazaktionuM vizuddha svarUpe pragaTa thayuM che, bIjAmAM e pragaTa thayuM nathI.

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jIva ane paMca parameSThI 173 chava saMbaMdhI keTalIka vicAraNA jIvanuM sAmAnya lakSaNa prazna : je mULamAM badhA jIvo samAna ja che, te e badhAnuM sAmAnya svarUpa (lakSaNa) zuM che? : uttara : rUpa, rasa, gaMdha, sparza vagere paudgalika guNono abhAva ane cetanAnuM astitva, e badhA jIvonuM sAmAnya lakSaNa che. prazna : A lakSaNa te atIndriya che, te pachI enAthI jIvanI oLakha kevI rIte thaI zake ? uttara : nizrayadaSTie jIva atIndriya che, tethI enuM lakSaNa atIndriya ja hovuM joIe. prazna : jIva to AMkha vagere IdrithI jANI zakAya che, te pachI e atIndriya kevI rIte? uttara : zuddha rUpa arthAt svabhAvanI apekSAe jIva atIndriya che. azuddha rUpa arthAta vibhAva-padgalika bhAva-nI apekSAe e Idriyagamya che. amUrtapaNuM, rUpa, rasa vagerene abhAva ane cetanAzakti e jIvano svabhAva che; ane bhASA, AkAra, sukha, duHkha, rAga, deSa vagere jIvanA vibhAva arthAt karmajanya paryAya che. svabhAva pudgala-nirapekSa hovAne lIdhe atIndriya che ane vibhAva pugalasApekSa hovAthI IdriyagrAhya che. tethI svAbhAvika lakSaNanI apekSAo jIvane atIndriya mAnavo joIe. prazna : je vibhAvano saMbaMdha jIva sAthe che, te ene AdhAre paNa jIvanuM lakSaNa karavuM joIe ne ? uttara : karyuM ja che. paNa e lakSaNa badhAya ne lAgu nahIM paDe, phakta saMsArI jIvone ja lAgu paDaze; jema ke jemanAmAM sukha-duHkha, rAga-dveSa vagere bhAva heya, je kanA kartA ane karma

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174 jainadharmane prANu phaLanA bhaktA tema ja dehadhArI hoya te jIva che. prazna : A be lakSaNo vacce spaSTa taphAvata zo ? uttara : paheluM lakSaNa svabhAvane sparze che, tethI ene nizcayanayanI apekSAe, tema ja pUrNa ane sthAyI samajavuM joIe. bIjuM lakSaNa vibhAvane sparzanAruM che, tethI ene vyavahAranayanI apekSAe tema ja apUrNa ane asthAyI samajavuM joIe. sArAMza e ke paheluM lakSaNa nizcayadaSTi pramANe che, tethI e traNe kALamAM lAgu paDe evuM che; ane bIjuM lakSaNa vyavahAradaSTi mujaba che tethI e traNe kALamAM lAgu paDe evuM nathI; arthAt e saMsArI jIne lAgu paDe che ane mokSanA ne lAguM nathI paDatuM. prazna : upara mujaba be dRSTine AdhAre jaina darzanamAM jema jIvanAM be jAtanAM lakSaNa karavAmAM AvyAM che evAM ja be lakSaNa zuM jainetara darzanomAM paNa che ? uttara : sAMkhya, ga, vedAMta vagere darzanomAM AtmAne cetanarUpa ke saccidAnaMdarUpa kahela che te nizcayanayanI daSTie; ane nyAya, vaizeSika vagere darzanamAM sukha, duHkha, IcchA, deSa vagere AtmAnAM lakSaNe kahyAM che te vyavahAranayanI dRSTie. prazna : "jIva " ane "AtmA" e bane zabdone artha uttara : hA. jaina zAstramAM to saMsArI ane asaMsArI badhAya cetanene mATe "jIva" ane "AtmA ", e banne zabdono prayoga karavAmAM Avyo che, paNa vedAMta vagere darzanamAM "jIvane artha saMsArI avasthAno ja cetana thAya che, mukta cetana nahIM. ane banne mATe sAmAnya zabda "AtmA" che. jIvanA ravarUpanuM anirvacanIyapaNuM prazna : Ape te jIvanuM svarUpa varNavyuM, paNa keTalAka

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vvvvvvvv jIva ane paMca parameSThI 175 vidvAnonuM kahevuM che ke AtmAnuM svarUpa anirvacanIya arthAta zabadathI varNavI na zakAya evuM che. to AmAM sAcuM zuM che? uttara : emanuM kahevuM paNa sAcuM che, kAraNa ke zabdo mAraphata te maryAdita bhAva ja vyakta karI zakAya che. je jIvanuM vAstavika svarUpa pUrNapaNe jANavuM hoya te e, amaryAdita hovAne kAraNe, zabdathI kaI rIte darzAvI zakAya nahIM. eTalA mATe, A apekSAe, jIvanuM svarUpa anirvacanIya che. A vAta jema bIjAM darzanamAM nirvikalpa" zabdathI ke neti" zabdathI kahevAmAM AvI che, e ja rIte jaina darzanamAM "sarA tatya niyataMte, tathA tatya na vijJa?" (AcArAMgasUtra 5-6)-eTale ke tyAMthI zabdo pAchA phare che ane to emAM thaI zakatA nathI--vagere kahevAmAM AvyuM che. A anivacanIyapaNAnuM kathana parama nizcayanaya ke parama zuddha dravyArthika nayanI dRSTie samajavuM joIe. amUrtatvane jIva ke cetanAnuM lakSaNa kahevAmAM AvyuM che te nizcayanayanI daSTie ke zuddha paryAyArthika nayanI dRSTie. jIva svayaMsiddha che ke bhautika mizraNenuM pariNAma? prazna : evuM sAMbhaLavAmAM ane vAMcavAmAM AvyuM che ke jIva eka rAsAyanika vastu che, arthAta bhautika mizraNonuM pariNAma che, e koI svayaMsiddha vastu nathI. e utpanna paNa thAya che ane nAza paNa pAme che. AmAM sAcuM zuM ? uttara : A kathana brAMtijanya che, kAraNa ke jJAna, sukha, duHkha, harSa, zoka vagere je vRttio mananI sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve che te sthULa ke sUkSma bhautika vastuonA AlaMbanathI thAya che, bhautika vastuo e vRttione pedA karavAmAM kevaLa sAdhana eTale ke nimittakAraNa che, upAdAnakAraNa nahIM. enuM upAdAnakAraNa to juduM ja che, ane te che Atmatatva. tethI bhautika vastuone AvI vRttionuM upA

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jainadharmane prANa dAnakAraNa mAnavuM e zrAMti che. je ema na mAnavAmAM Ave te aneka deSa UbhA thAya che. jema ke sukha-duHkha, rAjA-raMkapaNuM, lAMbu-TUMkuM AyuSya, satkAra-tiraskAra, jJAna-ajJAna vagere aneka paraspara virodhI bhAvo eka ja mA-bApanAM be saMtAnamAM jovAmAM Ave che e, je jIvane svataMtratattva na mAnIe te, kaI rIte ane saMdigdhapaNe puravAra na thaI zake. vaizna : jIvanA astitvanI bAbatamAM ApaNe konA upara vizvAsa karavo joIe? uttara : atyaMta ekAgratApUrvaka, lAMbA vakhata lagI AtmAnuM ja manana karavAvALA niHsvArtha RSionA vacana upara tathA ApaNuM pitAnA anubhava upara. ane cittane zuddha karIne ekAgratApUrvaka ciMtana ane manana karavAthI Avo anubhava maLI zake che. paMca parameSThI paMca parameSTInA prakAra prazna : zuM badhA parameSThI eka ja prakAranA che? emanI vacce aMtara zuM che? uttara : nA. badhAya eka prakAranA nathI hotA. sthUla dRSTie emanA pAMca prakAra che : (1) arihaMta, (2) siddha, (3) AcArya, (4) upAdhyAya ane (5) sAdhu. A pAMca vacce pharaka jANavA mATe dhULa rUpe emanA be vibhAga karavA joIe. pahelA vibhAgamAM pahelA be; ane bIjA vibhAgamAM bAkInA traNa parameSTIne samAveza thAya che, kAraNa ke arihaMta ane siddha e bee te jJAna-darzanacAritra-vIrya vagereno zuddha rUpamAM pUrepUro vikAsa karyo hoya che, paNa AcArya vagere traNe A zaktione pUrNa rUpe pragaTa karI nathI hotI, paraMtu ene pragaTa karavA mATe teo prayatnazIla hoya che. phakta arihaMta ane siddha e be ja pUjya avasthAne pAmelA che; emane pUjaka

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jIva ane paMca parameSThI 177 avasthA nathI hatI; eTalA mATe e devatatva manAya che. AthI UlaTuM, AcArya vagere traNa, pUjya ane pUjaka e bane avasthA dharAve che. teo pitAthI UtaratI keTIvALAnA pUjya ane caDiyAtI kATIvALAnA pUjaka che. tethI ja gurutatva manAya che. arihaMta ane siddhanI vacce phera prazna : arihaMta ane siddhanI vacce phera zuM che? uttara : siddha zarIra rahita eTale badhAya padgalika pothI dUra hoya che, paNa arihaMta evA nathI hotA. emane zarIra hoya che tethI, meha, ajJAna vagerene nAza thaI javA chatAM, teo cAlavuM pharavuM, bolavuM, vicAravuM vagere zArIrika, vAcika tathA mAnasika kriyAo karatA rahe che. sArAMza e che ke jJAna, cAritra vagere zaktionA vikAsanI pUrNatA arihaMta ane siddha banemAM ekasarakhI hoya che, paNa siddha ga(mana-vacana-kAyAnI kriyA) thI rahita hoya che, ane arihaMta yogathI sahita hoya che. jeo pahelAM arihaMta bane che, teo ja zarIranA tyAga pachI siddha kahevAya che. AcArya vagere vaccene phera prazna : AcArya vagere traNa vacce zuM phera che? uttara : A ja pramANe [ arihaMta ane siddhanI jema ja] AcArya, upAdhyAya ane sAdhuomAM sAdhunA guNa sAmAnya rIte ekasarakhA hovA chatAM "sAdhu" karatAM "upAdhyAya ane "AcAryamAM vizeSatA hoya che. te e ke upAdhyAyapadane mATe sUtra tathA arthanuM vAstavika jJAna, bhaNAvavAnI zakti, vacanamadhuratA ane carcA karavAnI zakti vagere keTalAka khAsa guNa meLavavA jarUrI che, paNa sAdhupadane mATe A guNonI koI khAsa jarUra nathI hotI. e ja rIte AcArya padane mATe zAsananuM saMcAlana karavAnI zakti, gacchanA hitAhitanI.

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178 jainadharmane prANa javAbadArI, khUba gaMbhIratA ane dezakALanuM vizeSa jJAna vagere guNo joIe. sAdhupadane mATe A guNene prApta karavAnI khAsa jarUra nathI rahetI. sAdhupadane mATe te sattAvIza guNa jarUrI che, e te AcArya ane upAdhyAyamAM paNa hoya che, paNa e uparAMta upAdhyAyamAM pacIsa ane AcAryamAM chatrIsa guNa hovA joIe. arthAt sAdhupada karatAM upAdhyAyanuM mahatva vadhAre che, ane upAdhyAyapada karatAM AcAryapadanuM mahattva vadhAre che. arihaMtanuM alaukikapaNuM prazna : jema arihaMtanI jJAna vagere AvyaMtara zaktio alaukika hoya che, ema emanI bAhya avasthA paNa zuM ApaNAthI vizeSatAvALI thaI jAya che ? uttara : AtyaMtara zaktio saMpUrNa thaI javAne kAraNe arihaMtane prabhAva eTale to alaukika thaI jAya che ke sAmAnya mAnavIne te enA upara vizvAsa paNa na bese. arihaMtano samagra vyavahAra lekottara hoya che. manuSya, pazu, pakSI vagere judI judI jAtanA jIvo arihaMtanA upadezane pitapotAnI bhASAmAM samajI jAya che. sApanALiye, uMdara-bilADI, gAya-vAgha vagere janmanAM verI prANIo paNa samavasaraNamAM pitAnI vairavRttine bhUlIne bhrAtRbhAva dhAraNa kare che. arihaMtanA vacanamAM je pAMtrIza guNa hoya che te bIjAonA vacanamAM nathI hotA. jyAM arihaMta birAje che tyAM mAnavI vagerenI te vAta zuM karavI, karaDe deva paNa hAjara thAya che, hAtha joDIne khaDA rahe che, bhakti kare che ane azokavRkSa vagere ATha prAtihAryonI racanA kare che. A badhuM arihaMtanA parameganI vibhUti che. prazna : AvuM kevI rIte mAnI zakAya ? uttara : ApaNane je vAte asaMbhava jevI lAge te paramayogIone mATe sAmAnya che. eka jaMgalI bhIlane cakravatInI Rddhine

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179 jIva ane paMca parameSThI jarA sarakho paNa khyAla nathI AvI zakata. ApaNuM ane gIenI gyatA vacce moTuM aMtara che. ApaNe viSayanA gulAma, lAlacanA pUtaLA ane asthiratAnA kendra chIe. AthI UlaTuM yogIone mana viSayanuM AkarSaNa kaI cIja nathI; lAlaca to emane sparzI paNa nathI zakatI; teo te sthiratAnA sumeru jevA hoya che. ApaNe thoDA samaya mATe paNa manane sarvathA sthira nathI rAkhI zakatA; koInuM kaDavuM veNa sAMbhaLIne mAravA-maravA taiyAra thaI jaIe chIe; najIvI vastu khovAI jatAM jANe ApaNA prANa nIkaLI javA mAMDe che; svArthodhatAne lIdhe bIjAnI vAta to zuM karavI, bhAI ane bApane paNa ApaNe duzmana mAnI laIe chIe. paramAgI A badhA doSothI mukta heya che. jyAre emanI AMtarika dazA ATalI UMcI hoya che, tyAre emanI upara jaNAvyA mujabanI lekottara sthiti thAya emAM kazI navAI nathI. sAmAnya vegasamAdhi karanArA mahAtmAono ane ucca cAritravALA sAmAnya mANasone paNa jeTalo mahimA-prabhAva jovAmAM Ave che, ene vicAra karavAthI arihaMta jevA paramagInI lekettara vibhUti mATe saMdeha nathI raheto. vyavahAra ane nizcayadaSTie pAMcenuM svarUpa prazna : vyavahAra (bAhya) ane nizcaya (AtyaMtara) e banne dRSTie arihaMta ane siddhanuM svarUpa kevuM hoya che? uttara : A banne dRSTie siddhanA svarUpamAM kazo phera nathI. emane mATe je nizcaya che e ja vyavahAra che, kAraNa ke siddha avasthAmAM nizcaya ane vyavahAranI ekatA thaI jAya che. paNa arihaMtanI bAbatamAM AvuM nathI. arihaMtane zarIra hoya che, tethI emanuM vyAvahArika svarUpa te bAhya vibhUtio sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve che ane nizcaya svarUpano saMbaMdha AMtarika zaktionA vikAsa sAthe heya che, tethI nizrayadaSTie arihaMta ane siddhanuM svarUpa ekasarakhuM mAnavuM

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180 jainadharmano prANa joIe. prazna : nizcaya ane vyavahAradaSTie AcArya, upAdhyAya tathA sAdhunuM svarUpa kevuM hoya che? - uttara : nizrayadaSTie traNenuM svarUpa eka jevuM hoya che. traNemAM mekSamArganI ArAdhananI tatparatA ane bAhya-AtyaMtara nigraMthapaNuM vagere nizcayadRSTinuM ane pAramArthika svarUpa sarakhuM hoya che, paNa traNenA vyAvahArika svarUpamAM DeghaNe phera hoya che. AcAryanI vyAvahArika yogyatA sauthI vadhAre hoya che, kema ke emane ga7 upara zAsana calAvavAnI ane jaina zAsanane mahimA sAcavI rAkhavAnI javAbadArI uThAvavI paDe che. upAdhyAyane AcAryapadanI lAyakAta meLavavA mATe kaMIka vizeSa guNa meLavavA paDe che, je sAmAnya sAdhuemAM na paNa hoya. namaskArane hetu ane enA prakAra prazna : parameSThIone namaskAra zA mATe karavAmAM Ave che? namaskAranA prakAra keTalA ? uttara : guNaprAptine mATe. teo guNavAna che ane guNavAnene namaskAra karavAthI guNanI prApti jarUra thAya che, kAraNa ke jevuM dhyeya hoya evo ja dhyAtA banI jAya che. divasa-rAta cera ane cerInI bhAvanA bhAvavAvALo mAnavI kyAreya prAmANika (zAhukAra) banI nathI zakato. e ja rIte vidyA ane vidvAnanI bhAvanA bhAvavAvALe jarUra kaMIka ne kaMIka vidyA hAMsala karI ja le che. moTAo pAse ApaNI laghutA ane emanI moTAI pragaTa thAya evuM vartana karavuM enuM nAma ja namaskAra che. A namaskAra daita ane advaita ema be prakAranA hoya che. vizeSa prakAranI sthiratA prApta na thaI hoya ane namaskAra karanAranA manamAM evo bhAva hoya ke huM upAsaka chuM ane amuka vyakti mArI upAsya che, ene daita-namaskAra kahe che.

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jIva ane paca parameSThI 181 rAga-dveSanA vikalpono nAza thaI javAthI cittanI eTalI badhI sthiratA thaI jAya che ke jemAM AtmA peAtAnI jAtane ja upAsya mAne che, ane kevaLa peAtAnA rUpanu ja dhyAna kare che; e che advaita-namaskAra. A e namaskArAmAM advaita-namaskAra zreSTha che, kAraNa ke dvaita-namaskAra tu advaita-namaskAranuM mAtra sAdhana che. prazna H mAnavInA aMtaraMga bhAva-bhaktinA keTalA bheda che ? uttara : e bheda : eka siddha-bhakti ane khIjI ceAgI-bhakti. siddhonA anaMta guNAnI bhAvanA bhAvavI e sid-bhakti che; ane cegIo ( munio ) nA guNAnI bhAvanA bhAvavI e yAgI-bhakti che. prazna : arihaMtane pahelAM ane siddha vagerene pachI namaskAra karavAnuM kAraNa zuM che? uttara : vastunuM pratipAdana karavAnA e krama hAya che. eka pUrvAnupUrvI ane bIjo padmAnupUrvI, meTAnI pachI nAnAnuM kathana e pUrvAnupUrvI che; ane nAnA pachI moTAnu kathana, e padmAnupUrvI che. pAMce parameSThIomAM siddha sauthI moTA che, ane sAdhu sauthI nAnA che, kAraNa ke siddhaavasthA caitanyazaktinA vikAsanI carama sImA che; ane sAdhuavasthA enI sAdhanA karavAnI pahelI bhUmikA. eTalA mATe ahIM pUrvAnupUrvI kramathI namaskAra karavAmAM AvyA che. joke karmIkSayanI dRSTie siddo arihaMta karatAM zreSTha che, chatAM paNu kRtakRtyatAnI dRSTie banne sarakhA ja che; ane vyavahAranI dRSTie te arihaMta siddha karatA zreSTha che, kAraNa ke siddhonA parAkSa svarUpane batAvavAvALA te arihata ja che. eTalA mATe vyavahAradaSTie ariha Mtane zreSTha mAnIne emane pahelAM namaskAra karavAmAM AvyuM che. [auci. khaM. 2, pR. 122-532 ]

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~~ ~~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ 182 jainadharmane prANa deva guru, dharma to jaina paraMparAmAM tAtvika dharma traNa tomAM samAyeluM manAya cheH deva, guru ane dharma. AtmAnI pUrepUrI nirdoSa avasthA e devatatva; evI nirdoSatA prApta karavAnI sAcI AdhyAtmika sAdhanA e gurutatva; ane badhI jAtano vivekI yathArtha saMyama te dharmatatva. A traNa tatvone jainatvane AtmA kahevo joIe. e tane sAcavanAra ane poSanAra bhAvanAne enuM zarIra kahevuM joIe. devatatvane bhUla rUpa ApanAra maMdira, emAMnI mUti, enI pUjA-AratI, e saMsthA nabhAvavAnAM sAdhano, tenI vyavasthApaka peDhIo, tIrthasthAne e badhuM devatatvanI piSaka bhAvanArUpa zarIranAM vastra ane alaMkAra jevuM che. e ja rIte makAna, khAnapAna, rahevA AdinA niyame ane bIjAM vidhividhAna e gurutatvanA zarIranAM vastra ke alaMkAro che. amuka cIja na khAvI, amuka ja khAvI, amuka pramANamAM khAvI, amuka vakhate na ja khAvuM, amuka sthAnamAM amuka ja thAya, amukanA pratye amuka rIte ja varatAya, ityAdi vidhiniSedhanA niyamo e saMyamatattvanA zarIranAM kapaDAM ke ghareNAM che. [daaciM bhA. 1, pR. 56 ]

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karmatattva karmavAdIne siddhAnta evo che ke jIvana e mAtra vartamAna janmamAM ja pUruM nathI thatuM; e to pahelAM paNa hatuM ane AgaLa paNa cAlavAnuM. koI paNa sAruM ke narasuM, skUla ke sUkSma, zArIrika ke mAnasika evuM pariNAma jIvanamAM nathI udbhavatuM ke jenuM bIja te vyaktie vartamAna ke pUrva janmamAM vAvyuM na hoya. karmavAdanI dIrdha dRSTi evuM eka paNa skUla ke sUkSma, mAnasika, vAcika ke kAyika kama nathI ke je A ke para janmamAM pariNAma utpanna karyA sivAya vilaya pAme. karmavAdInI dRSTi dIdhuM eTalA mATe che ke te traNe kALane spaze che; jyAre cArvAkanI dRSTi dIrgha nathI, kema ke te mAtra vartamAnane sparze che. karmavAdanI A dIrdha dRSTi sAthe tenI vaiyaktika, kauTuMbika, sAmAjika ke vizvIya javAbadArIo ane naitika baMdhanomAM, cArvAkanI alpa daSTimAMthI phalita thatI javAbadArIo ane naitika baMdhane karatAM, moTo phera paDI jAya che. je A phera barAbara samajavAmAM Ave ane tene aMza paNa jIvanamAM Utare te te karmavAdIono cArvAka pratye AkSepa sAco gaNAya ane cArvAkanA dharmadhyeya karatAM karmavAdInuM dharmadhyeya unnata ane grAhya che ema jIvanavyavahArathI batAvI zakAya. [daaciM- bhA. 1, pR. 59]

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jainadharmane prANa zAstronA anAdipaNAnI mAnyatA jaina sAhityamAM atyAre zvetAMbare ane digaMbaronAM je karma zAstra mejUda che, emAMnA prAcIna manAtA karmaviSayaka graMthane sAkSAt saMbaMdha bane paraMparAo AgrAyaNIya pUrva sAthe batAve che. banne paraMparAo AgrAyaNIya pUrvane dRSTivAda nAmanA bAramA aMgamAMnA cauda pUrvomAMnuM bIjuM pUrva mAne che, ane bane paraMparAo ekasarakhI rIte mAne che ke badhAM aMgo ane cauda pUrva, e badhuM bhagavAna mahAvIranI sarvajJavANInuM sAkSAta phaLa che. A cirakAlIna sAMpradAyika mAnyatA pramANe atyAre vidyamAna karmaviSayaka samagra sAhitya, zabdarUpe nahIM te chevaTe bhAvarUpe to bhagavAna mahAvIranA sAkSAta upadezano ja paraMparAthI maLelo sAra che. A ja rIte evI paNa sAMpradAyika mAnyatA che ke kharI rIte badhAM zAstro bhAvarUpe kevaLa bhagavAna mahAvIrathI ja pUrvakAlIna nahIM balka pUrve pUrve thayela bIjA bIjA tIrthakarothI paNa pahelAMnA samayanA eTale ke eka rIte anAdi che. aMgazAstro pravAharUpe anAdi hovA chatAM samaye samaye thatA navA navA tIrthakaro dvArA pUrva pUrvanAM aMgazAstro navuM navuM rUpa dhAraNa karatA rahe che. A mAnyatAne pragaTa karatAM kalikAlasarvajJa AcArya hemacaMdra pramANamImAMsAmAM, taiyAyika jayaMta bhaTTanuM anukaraNa karIne, bhAre khUbIthI kahyuM che ke -"manAra vaitA vidyA: saMvataravivakssyaa navanavIbhavanti, ttttkrtRkaashcocynte| kinnAauSIH, na kdaacidniidaza +7 - anAdikAlIna evI A ja vidyAo saMkSepamAM ke vistArathI vivaraNa karavAnI IcchAne lIdhe navuM navuM svarUpa pAme che, ane e vivaraNa karanAranI kRti tarIke oLakhAya che. zuM te nathI sAMbhaLyuM ke duniyA te sadAkALathI AvI ne AvI ja cAlI Ave che? upara jaNAvelI sAMpradAyika mAnyatA evI che ke jene sAMpradAyika leke atyAra sudhI akSarazaH sAcI mAnI rahyA che, ane jevI rIte

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karmatatva,. 185 mImAMsake vedanA anAdipaNunI mAnyatAnuM samarthana kare che, e rIte ja enuM samarthana paNa kare che. zAstrone lagatI upara sUcavelI mAnyatA pratye sAMpradAyika lokono bhAre Adara hovA chatAM ahIM karmazAstra ane enA mukhya viSaya karmatatvanA saMbaMdhamAM eka bIjI dRSTie vicAra karavAno che. e dRSTi che aitihAsika. kamAtranI jarUra zA mATe? pahelo prazna to karmatatvane mAnavuM ke nahIM ane mAnavuM te kyA AdhAre, e hate. eka pakSa evo hato ke je kAma ane enA sAdhanarUpa artha sivAya bIjA koI puruSArthane mAnato na hato. enI samajaNa mujaba A leka e ja puruSArtha hatA. tethI ene evuM koI karmatatva svIkAravAnI jarUra na hatI ke je sArA-khoTA janmAMtara ke paralokane apAvanAruM hoya. A ja pakSa cArvAka paraMparAne nAme prakhyAta thayo. paNa sAthe sAthe ja, e ati prAcIna yugamAM paNa, evA ciMtaka hatA ke jeo kahetA hatA ke maraNa pachI janmAMtara paNa che, eTaluM ja nahIM, balka A dekhAtA leka-jagata uparAMta bIjA paNa zreSTha ane kaniSTha loka che. AvA leka punarjanmavAdI ane paralokavAdI kahevAtA hatA. emanI mAnyatA evI hatI ke je kAma na hoya te janma-janmAMtara tema ja A leka-paralokane saMbaMdha baMdha besI ja nathI zakato. eTalA mATe punarjanmanI mAnyatAne AdhAre karma tattvane svIkAra karavo jarUrI che. A karmavAdIo ja potAnI jAtane paralakavAdI tathA Astika kahetA hatA. dharma, artha, kAmane ja mAnanAra pravartakadharmavAdI pakSa karmavAdIonA mukhya be pakSa che. eka to ema kahetA hatA ke karmanuM phaLa janmAMtara ane paraloka jarUra che, paNa zreSTha janma tathA zreSTha paralokane mATe kama paNa zreSTha ja joIe. A pakSa palakavAdI hovAthI tathA zreSTha leka, jene svarga kahevAmAM Ave che, e meLavavAnA

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jenadharmane prANa sAdhanarUpe dharmanuM pratipAdana karAvavALe hevAthI, e dharma, artha ane kAma, e traNa ja puruSArthone mAnatA hata; enI dRSTimAM mekSanuM judA puruSArtharUpe koI sthAna na hatuM. jyAM jyAM pravartaka dharmane ullekha maLe che, e badhA A traNa-puruSArthavAdI pakSanA maMtavyanA ja sUcaka che. TUMkamAM, e pakSanuM maMtavya evuM che ke dharma eTale ke zubha karmanuM phaLa svarga ane adharma eTale azubha karmanuM phaLa naraka vagere che. dharmaadhama ja puNya-pApa tathA adaSTa kahevAya che, ane enI mAraphata ja janma-janmAMtaranuM cakra cAlyA kare che, ane eno uccheda thavo zakya nathI. zakya eTaluM ja che ke je sAro leka ane vadhAre sukha meLavavA heya te dharmanuM ja pAlana karavuM. A mata pramANe adhama ke pApa te heya che, paNa dharma ke puNya heya nathI. A pakSa sAmAjika vyavasthAno samarthaka hato, tethI ja e samAjamAM mAnya evAM ziSTa tema. ja vihita AcaraNothI dharmanI utpatti thavAnuM ane niMdya-halakAM. AcaraNethI adharmanI utpatti thavAnuM jaNAvIne dareka prakAranI sAmAjika suvyavasthA tarapha dhyAna ApatA hatA. e ja pakSa brAhmaNamArga, mImAMsaka ane karmakAMDIne nAme prasiddha thayo. ekSapuruSArthI nivartidharmavAdI pakSa karmavAdIone bIjo pakSa upara jaNAvela pakSathI sAva viruddha daSTi dharAvato hato. e mAnato hato ke punarjanmanuM kAraNa karma che, emAM zaMkA nathI. ziSTasaMmata tema ja vihita kAryonuM AcaraNa karavAthI dharma thAya che, ane ethI svarga paNa maLe che. paNa e dharma paNa, adharmanI jema ja, sarvathA heya che. enI mAnyatA pramANe eka cetha svataMtra puruSArtha paNa che, je mekSa kahevAya che. enuM kahevuM che. ke kevaLa mekSa ja jIvananuM dhyeya che, ane mokSane mATe badhAMya karma- bhale pachI e puNyarUpa hoya ke pAparUpa--heya che. karmane nAza zakya nathI, evuM paNa nathI. prayatnathI e paNa thaI zake che. jyAM jyAM

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karmatattva 187 nivartaka dharmane ullekha Ave che tyAM badheya e A matane ja darzAve che. enI mAnyatA pramANe jyAre karmanI nivRtti zakya ane ISTa che tyAre ene kamanI utpattinuM mULa kAraNa pahelA pakSanI mAnyatAthI. viruddha ja jaNAvavuM paDyuM. eNe kahyuM ke dharma ane adharmanuM mULa kAraNa pracalita sAmAjika vidhi-niSedha nahIM paNa ajJAna ane rAga-- TheSa che. AcaraNa game tevuM ziSTasaMmata ane vihita kema na hoya, paNa je e ajJAna tema ja rAgadeSajanya hoya te ethI adhamanI, ja utpatti thAya che. enA mate puNya ane pApanA bheda kevaLa sthaLa. dRSTivALAone mATe che, tAttvika rIte te puNya ane pApa bane ajJAna. tema ja rAgadeSajanya hovAne lIdhe adharma tema ja heya ja che. A nivakadharmavAdI pakSa sAmAjika nahIM paNa vyaktivikAsavAdI hate. jyAre e pakSe karmane nAza ane mokSa puruSArtha svIkArI lIdhe tyAre ene kamane uccheda karanArA ane mokSane apAvanArAM kAraNone paNa vicAra karavo paDyo. A vicAraNAnA phaLarUpe eNe karmane dUra. karanArAM je kAraNe nakakI karyA e ja e pakSano nivaka dhama che. pravartaka dharma ane nivartaka dharmanI dizA ekabIjAthI sAva viruddha che. ekanuM dhyeya sAmAjika vyavasthAnuM sthApana che, jyAre bIjAnuM dhyeya potAnA AtyaMtika-saMpUrNa sukhanI prApti che; tethI e kevaLa. AtmagAmI che. nivartAka dhama ja zramaNa, parivrAjaka, tapasvI ane yegamArga vagere nAme prasiddha che. karmanI pravRtti ajJAna tema ja rAgadeSajanya hovAne lIdhe enI saMpUrNa nivRttine upAya ajJAnanuM vidhI samyajJAna ane rAga-dveSano virodhI-rAgadveSanA nAza rUpa-saMyama ja nakkI thayAM. bAkInAM tapa, dhyAna, bhakita vagere badhAya upAyo upara, sUcavela jJAna ane saMyamanA ja sAdhanarUpa lekhavAmAM AvyA che. karmatatva saMbaMdhI vicAra ane ene jJAtAvarga nivakadharmavAdIone mokSanA svarUpa tathA enAM sAdhanonI.

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jainadhama nA prANa 189 AkhatamAM tA UhApoha karavA ja pADyo, paNa sAthe sAthe emane karmatattva saMbadhI paNa dhaNA vicAra karavA paDayo. emaNe kama tathA enA bhedonI paribhASA tema ja vyAkhyAo sthira karI; kAryAM ane kAraNanI dRSTie katattvanuM judI judI rIte vargIkaraNa karyuM; karmanI phaLa ApavAnI zaktionuM vivecana karyuM; judA judA vipAkAnI samayamaryAdA vicArI; karmonA arasaparasanA saMbaMdhane paNa vicAra karyAM. A rIte niva kadhama vAdIonu kama tattva saMbadhI eka khAsuM zAstra vyavasthita thaI gayuM, ane divase divase navA navA prazno ane enA uttarAne lIdhe ene vadhu ne vadhu vikAsa paNa thatA rahyo. A niva kadhama vAdI judA judA pakSA peAtAnI anukULatA mujaba judA judA vicArA dharAvatA hatA, paNa jyAM sudhI e badhAnuM eka saMyukta dhyeya pravakadhama vAdanuM khaMDana karavAnuM hatuM tyAM sudhI emanAmAM vicAravinimaya paNa thato rahyo ane ekavAkayatA paNa cAlu rahI. A kAraNathI ja, joke nyAya-vaizeSika, sAMkhyayeAga, jaina ane bauddha darzItAnuM atyAre upalabdha thatuM sAhitya mATe bhAge teA evA samayamAM racAyuM hatuM ke jyAre A danAne ekabIjA pratye sadbhAva sArA pramANamAM dharI gayA hatA chatAM paNa, e danAnA kaviSayaka sAhityamAM paribhASA, bhAva, vargIkaraNa vageremAM zabdanI tema ja arthanI dRSTie ghaNuMkharuM sAmya jovAmAM Ave che. mekSavAdIonI sAme zarUAtathI ja eka muzkela savAla e hatA ke, eka tA pahelAM bAMdhelAM karmo ja ana`ta che; vaLI, krame krame enuM phaLa bhAgavatI vakhate dareka kSaNe navAM navAM karyAM paNa baMdhAya che; te pachI A samasta karmInA sarvathA nAza kevI rIte thaI zake? A savAlane ukela paNa meAkSavAdIoe bhAre khUkhIthI zodhI kADhayo hatA. atyAre e nivRttivAdI danAnA sAhityamAM e ukelanuM saMkSipta tema ja vistRta ekasarakhu vana ApaNane jovA maLe che. A

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kema teva 189 vastusthiti eTaluM sUcita karavAne mATe basa che ke kayAreka nivakadharmavAdIonA judA judA pakSA vacce khUba vicAravinimaya thatA hatA. Avu badhu hovA chatAM paNa dhIme dhIme evA samaya AvI gayeA ke jyAre A niva kadhavAdI pakSA pahelAM jeTalA ekabIjAnI samIpa na rahyA. ema chatAM dareka pakSa katattva saMbadhI UhApADa tA karatA ja rahyo. daramyAnamAM evuM paNa banyuM ke niva kadhavAdI. pakSamAM eka khAsA kaciMtaka pakSa ja sthira thaI gayA, ke je mekSa sabadhI savAla karatAM kama saMbadhI ja UMDA vicAra karatA hatA ane mukhyatve enuM ja adhyayana-adhyApana karatA hatA--jevI rIte bIjA khIjA viSAne khAsa ciMtakavaga potapotAnA viSayamAM kara hatA ane atyAre paNa kare che. mukhyatve e ja kazAstranA ciMtakava jainadharmamAM karmazAstraanuyogadhara varga ke ka*siddhAMtavettA vaga che. karmatattvanI vicAraNAnI prAcInatA ane samAnatA badhanAM kAraNeA ane enA nAzanA upAye saMdhamAM te adhA mekSavAdI gauNu-mukhyabhAve ekamata ja che, paNa tattvanA svarUpa sabaMdhamAM upara sUcavela kaciMtaka vanuM je matavya che e jANavu... jarUrI che. paramANuvAdI mekSamAgI vaizeSika vagere kane cetananiSTha mAnIne ene cetananA dhama kahetA hatA; jyAre pradhAnavAdI --prakRtivAdI sAMkhyayoga ene aMtaHkaraNasthita mAnIne jaDa kahetA hatA. paraMtu AtmA ane paramANune pariNAmI mAnavAvALA jaina ciMtA peAtAnI judI prakriyA pramANe karmIne cetana ane jaDa bannenAM pariNAmarUpe ubhayarUpa mAnatA hatA. emanA mata mujaba AtmA cetana hovA chatAM sAMkhyanA prakRtijanya aMtaHkaraNanI jema sakAcavikAsazIla hatA, jemAM karUpI vikArane paNa saMbhava che ane je jaDa paramANuo sAthe ekarasa paNa thaI zake che. vaizeSika vagerenA mata mujaba kama cetanadhama hovAne lIdhe kharI rIte cetanathI judu

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jainadharmane prANa nathI ane sAMkhyanA mata mujaba karma prakRtine dharma hevAthI kharI rIte e jaDathI juduM nathI; paNa jaina ciMtakAnI mAnyatA mujaba karmatattva cetana ane jaDa bane rUpe ja phalita thAya che, jene teo bhAva ane dravyakarma paNa kahe che. A badhI karma saMbaMdhI prakriyA eTalI prAcIna te jarUra che ke jyAre karmatatvanA ciMtako vacce paraspara vicAravinimaya vadhAremAM vadhAre thato hato. e samaye keTale prAcIna che e nizcita rUpe te kahI zakAya ema nathI, paNa jaina darzanamAM lAMbA samayathI karmazAstranuM je sthAna che, e zAstramAM vicAranuM je UMDANa, kaDIbaddhapaNuM ane sUkSmamAM sUkSma bhAvanuM asAdhAraNa nirUpaNa che, ene dhyAnamAM letAM ema mAnyA vinA nathI cAlatuM ke jaina darzananI viziSTa karmavidyA bhagavAna pArzvanAtha pahelAM jarUra susthira thaI cUkI hatI. A -zAstrane jANakAra karmazAstravettA kahevAyA ane e ja vidyA AgrAcaNIya pUrva tathA karmapravAda pUrvane nAme vikRta thaI. aitihAsika dRSTie pUrva zabdane artha bhagavAna mahAvIra pahelAMthI cAlyAM AvatAM zAstravizeSa thAya che. niHzaMkapaNe A "pUrva kharI rIte bhagavAna pArzvanAtha pahelAMthI ja eka ke bIje rUpe pracalita hatAM. eka tarapha jaina ciMtakoe karmatatvanA ciMtana pratye khUba dhyAna ApyuM, jyAre bIjI tarapha sAMkhyayoge dhyAnamArga pratye savizeSa dhyAna ApyuM. AgaLa jatAM jyAre tathAgata buddha thayA tyAre emaNe paNa dhyAna upara ja vadhAre bhAra Apyo. paNa badhAe vArasAmAM maLela karmaciMtanane sAcavI rAkhyuM. eTalA mATe ja sUkSmatAnI ane vistAranI dRSTie jaina karmazAstra pitAnuM asAdhAraNa sthAna dharAvavA chatAM sAMkhya-ga, bauddha vagere darzananA karmaciMtanonI sAthe enuM ghaNuMkharuM sAmya che ane mULamAM ekatA paNa che, je karmazAstranA abhyAsIoe jANavA jevAM che.

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kama tattva 191 jaina tathA anya darzanonI IzvaranA sRSTi tya sabaMdhI mAnyatA kavAnuM mAnavuM ema che ke sukha-duHkha, sapatti-vipatti, UMcanIca vagere aneka prakAranI avasthAe jovAmAM Ave che, emAM kALa, svabhAva, puruSArtha vagere kAraNAnI jema karyAM paNa eka kAraNa che. paraMtu ka-pradhAna jaina darzana, anya daIneAnI jema, upara jaNAvI evI avasthAenA ke sRSTinI utpattinA kAraNarUpe Izvarane nathI mAnatuM. khIjA datA te suSTinI kayAreka utpatti thaI ema mAne che; ane tethI e danAmAM kAI ne kAI rIte sRSTinI utpattinI sAthe IzvaranA sabaMdha joDI devAmAM AvyeA che. nyAyadarzana kahe che ke sArAM-kharAba karmInuM phaLa IzvaranI preraNAthI ja maLe che. vaizeSika daOnamAM Izvarane sRSTine kartA mAnIne enuM svarUpa vadhyuM che. 2 yAgadanamAM Izvarane adhiSThAtA mAnIne te dvArA prakRtinuM pariNAma-jaDa jagatane phelAvA mAnela che. ane zakarAcAye paNa peAtAnA brahmasUtranA bhASyamAM, upaniSadanA AdhAre, Thera Thera brahmane sRSTinuM upAdAnakAraNu siddha karyu che.ka paraMtu jIvAne phaLa bhAgavAvavA mATe jaina darzana Izvarane kane preraka nathI mAnatuM, kAraNa ke karmavAdanu mAnavuM che ke jevI rIte jIva ka karavAmAM svataMtra che, e ja rIte enA phaLane bhAgavavAmAM paNa svataMtra che. e ja rIte jaina darzIna Izvarane sRSTinA adhiSThAtA paNa nathI mAnatuM, kema ke enI mAnyatA mujaba sRSTi anAdianaMta hovAthI e kacAreya utpanna nathI thaI; tathA e pote ja pariNamanazIla hovAthI ene IzvaranA adhiSThAnanI apekSA nathI rahetI. 1. gautamasUtra a0 4, A0 1, 0 1. 2. prazastapAda-bhASya pR0 48. 3. samAdhipAda sU0 24nAM bhASya ane TIkA, 4. brahmasUtra 2-1-26nu bhASya; brahmasUtra a. 2-3-6.

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192 Izvara sRSTinA kartA ane karmaphelAtA kema nahI? A jagata kayAreya navu nathI banyuM; enuM astitva tA sadAkALathI ja che. hA, emAM parivata na thatAM rahe che. aneka parivartana evAM thAya che ke je thavAmAM manuSya vagere prANIvarganA prayatnanI jarUra jovAmAM Ave che; tema ja evAM parivartana paNa thAya che ke jemAM kAInA prayatnanI apekSA nathI rahetI; e jaDa tattvAnA jAtajAtanA saMyogAthI-garamI, vega, kriyA vagere zaktiothI-thatAM rahe che. dAkhalA tarIke mATI, paththara vagere vastue ekatra thaI javAthI nAnA-moTA TekarA ke pahADa banI jAya che; AmatemathI pANInA pravAheA bhegA thaI javAthI e nadIrUpe vahevA lAge che; varALa pANIrUpe varase che ane karI pAchuM pANI varALa atI jAya che, vagere vagere. eTalA mATe Izvarane sRSTinA kartA mAnavAnI kAI jarUra nathI. jainadhama nA prANa prANI jevuM karma kare che evuM ja phaLa ene che. kama jaDa che, ane prANI pAte karelA kharAba ema nathI icchatA, e sAcuM che; paNa e dhyAnamAM ke jIva cetananA saMsargathI karmAmAM evI zakti pedA jethI e peAtAnA sArA-kharAba vipAkAte, niyata pragaTa karI de che. kavAda ema nathI mAnatA ke jaDa kama, cetananA sapa` vagara ja, phaLa ApavAmAM samatha che. e tA eTaluM ja kahe che ke phaLa ApavA mATe IzvararUpa cetananI preraNA mAnavAnI kAI jarUra nathI. kAraNa ke badhAya jIva cetana che. teo jevu' karyAM kare che evI ja emanI buddhi thaI jAya che, ke jethI kamanA phaLanI IcchA na hovA chatAM teo evuM ja kAma karI bese che ke jethI emane potAnA ka pramANe phaLa maLI jAya che. kakaravuM eka vAta che, ane enA phaLane na icchavuM e khIjI vAta che. kevaLa icchA nahI' hAvAthI karelA kanu phaLa maLatuM aTakI jAya, evuM nathI banatuM. sAmagrI ekatra kama dvArA maLe karmanuM phaLa maLe rAkhavu' joI e thaI jAya che ke samaye, jIva viSe

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karmatattva thaI gayA pachI kArya pitAnI meLe ja thavA mAMDe che. dAkhalA tarIke, eka mANasa taDakAmAM Ubho che, garama garama vastu khAya che, ane Icche che ke tarasa na lAge; te zuM kaI rIte enI tarasa rokAI zake che? IzvarakartavavAdIonuM kahevuM che ke IzvaranI IcchAthI preraNA pAmIne karma pitApitAnuM phaLa prANuomAM pragaTAve che. A viSe karmavAdIo kahe che ke karma karatI vakhate, enA AtmAnA pariNAma pramANe jIvamAM evA saMskAra ropAI jAya che ke jethI prerAIne kartA-jIva karmanA phaLane ApameLe ja bhogave che; ane karma enA upara pitAnuM phaLa pote ja pragaTAve che. jIva ane Izvara vacce bheda-abheda Izvara cetana che ane jIva paNa cetana; te pachI emanI vacce aMtara ja zuM che? hA, eTaluM aMtara hoI zake ke jIvanI badhI zaktio AvaraNathI gherAyelI che, ane IzvaranI gherAyelI nathI. paNa jyAre jIva pitAnAM AvaraNane dUra karI nAkhe che, tyAre enI badhI zaktio pUrNarUpe prakAzI UThe che. pachI jIva ane Izvara vacce viSamatA kevI? viSamatAnuM kAraNa je aupAdhika karma che, e dUra thaI javA chatAM paNa je viSamatA cAlu rahe te pachI muktino ja che artha ? viSamatAnuM rAjya saMsAra sudhI ja maryAdita che, AgaLa nahIM. tethI karmavAda mujaba ema mAnavAmAM koI vAMdho nathI ke badhAya mukta jIva Izvara ja che; kevaLa zraddhAne AdhAre ema kahevuM ke Izvara eka ja hovo joIe, e barAbara nathI. pitAnA vidatanuM kAraNa jIva pote ja [ A leka ke paraloka sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatA koI kAma mATe jyAre manuSya pravRtti kare tyAre e te saMbhavatuM ja nathI ke ene koI paNa jAtanA viddhano sAmano karavo na paDe. manuSyane eTale vizvAsa ho ja joIe ke bhale huM jANuM zakuM ke na jANuM zakuM, paNa

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jainadharmanA prANa 194 mArA vighnanuM AMtarika ane mULa kAraNa mArI aMdara ja hovuM joI e. je AbhyaMtara bhUmikA upara vighnarUpI viSuvRkSa Uge che, enuM khIja paNa e ja bhUmimAM vAveluM hAvu joIe. pavana, pANI vagere Adya nimittonI jema e vighnarUpI viSuvRkSane ugADavAmAM kadAca kAI anya vyakti nirmitta banI zake, paNa e vyakti vighnanuM khIja nathI-- eTalA vizvAsa mAnavInAM buddhinetrAne sthira karI de che, jethI e muzkelInuM mULa kAraNa peAtAnI jAtamAM nihALIne ene mATe e na te khIjA kAInA upara doSArApaNu kare che ke na pote gabharAya che. phanA siddhAMta aMge DaeN. seksamUlaranA abhiprAya karmanA siddhAMtanI zreSThatA darzAvatA je vicArA DaoN, meksamUlare darzAvyA che te jANavA jevA che. teo kahe che keH-- "e tA nizcita che ke kamanA siddhAMtane prabhAva mAnavajIvana upara behada paDayo che. jo mAnavI e jANe ke vamAna jIvanamAM kAI jAtanA aparAdha karyAM vagara paNa mAre je kaI duHkha veThavu paDe che e mArA pUrvajanmanA karmanuM ja phaLa che, te e, jUnuM devuM cUkavanAra mAnavInI jema, zAMtapaNe e saMkaTane sahana karI leze; ane sAthe sAthe jo e mAnavI eTaluM paNa jANatA hoya ke sahanazIlatAthI jUnuM devuM cUkate karI zakAya che, tathA ethI ja bhaviSyane mATe dharmanI mUDI bhegI karI zakAya che, te ene bhalAIne mAMge cAlavAnI preraNA ApeAApa ja maLI javAnI. sAruM ke kharAba, kAI paNa jAtanuM ka nAza nathI pAmatuM: dharmazAstranA A siddhAMta ane bhautikazAstrane ala-saMrakSaNasa badhI siddhAMta, e banne ekasarakhA che. banne siddhAM teneA sAra eTale ja che ke kAI nA paNa nAza nathI thatA. kAI paNa dhazikSaNanA astitva vize game teTalI zaMkA kema na heAya, paNa eTaluM teA sunizcita che ke kama.A siddhAMta sauthI vadhAre sthAnemAM svIkAravAmAM AvyA che. enAthI lAkhA mAnavIonAM kaSTo AchAM

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karmatattva 195 thayAM che. ane e ja siddhAMtane lIdhe mAnavIne vartamAna saMkaTa sahana karavAnI zakti pedA karavAnuM tathA bhaviSyanuM jIvana sudhAravAnuM uttejana maLatuM rahyuM che.' karmazAstra e adhyAtmazAstrane aMza che . adhyAtmazAstrane uddeza AtmAne lagatA viSayo saMbaMdhI vicAra karavo, e che. tethI ene AtmAnA pAramArthika svarUpanuM nirUpaNa karatAM pahelAM enuM vyAvahArika svarUpa paNa jaNAvavuM paDe che. savAla e thAya che ke AtmAnI A dazyamAna avasthAo ja ene svabhAva kema nathI? eTalA mATe adhyAtmazAstrane mATe e jarUrI che ke e pahelAM AtmAnA dazyamAna svarUpanuM samarthana kevI rIte thAya che, e batAvIne pachI ja AgaLa vadhe. A ja kAma karmazAstra karyuM che. e AtmAnI dazyamAna badhI avasthAone karmajanya kahIne emanAthI AtmAnA judApaNAne sUcita kare che. A daSTie karmazAstra e adhyAtmazAstrano ja eka aMza che. jyAre ema mAlUma paDe che ke uparanAM badhAM rUpa mAyika ke vaibhAvika che, to ApoApa jijJAsA thaI Ave che ke AtmAnuM sAcuM svarUpa zuM che e karmazAstranuM kahevuM che ke AtmA e ja paramAtmA che, jIva e ja Izvara che. AtmAnuM paramAtmAmAM maLI javuM, ene artha e che ke karmathI DhaMkAyela pitAnA paramAtmabhAvane pragaTa karIne AtmAnuM paramAtmarUpa banI javuM. jIva paramAtmAno aMza che ene artha karmazAstranI dRSTie e che ke jIvamAM jeTalI jJAnakaLA pragaTa thayelI che te saMpUrNa paraMtu avyakta (DhaMkAyela) cetanArUpI caMdrikAne eka aMza mAtra che. karmanuM AvaraNa dUra thaI jatAM cetanA pUrNa rUpe pragaTa thAya che. ene ja IzvarapaNuM ke IzvarapaNunI prApti samajavI joIe. dhana, zarIra vagere bAhya vibhUtiomAM Atmabuddhi karavI, arthAta jaDamAM jupaNuM mAnI levuM, e bAhya daSTi che. A abhedane zrama, e

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jainadhama nA prANa 196 tA bahirAtmabhAva che, ema sAbita karIne enA tyAga karavAnA upadeza ApavAnuM kAma karmazAstra kare che. jemanA saMskAra kevaLa ahirAtmabhAvamaya thaI gayA hAya emane kazAstranA upadeza bhale pasaMda na paDe, paraMtu ethI enI yathAtAmAM kazA ja phera nathI paDatA. ka`zAstra zarIra ane AtmAnA abhedanA bhramane dUra karIne enA bhedajJAnane (vivekakhyAtine) pragaTa kare che. e samayathI ja aMtardaSTi UdhaDe che. aMtardaSTi dvArA peAtAmAM rahela paramAtmabhAvanAM darzana thAya che. paramAtmabhAvane joI te ene pUrNa rUpe anubhavamAM utAravA, enu ja nAma jIvanuM ziva (brahma) thayuM che. A brahmabhAvane pragaTa karAva vAnu kAma, kaMIka judI ja Dhame, kazAstra svIkArI lIdhuM che; kAraNa ke e jIvane thayela jIva-jaDanA abheda-zramamAMthI bheda-jJAna tarapha dorI jaI te pachI svAbhAvika abhedadhyAnanI ucca bhUmikA tarapha kheMcI jAya che. khasa, enu kAryakSetra ATaluM ja che. sAthe sAthe ceAgazAstranA mukhya pratipAdya aMzanu varNana paNa emAM maLI jAya che. tethI e spaSTa che ke kazAstra aneka zAstrIya vicArAnI khANa che. e ja enuM mahattva che. ghaNA mANasAne kama prakRtionI gaNatarI, sakhyAnI bahulatA vagerene lIdhe enA pratye ruci nathI thatI, paraMtu emAM kazAstrane zA doSa? gaNita, padAvijJAna. vagere gUDha ane rasapUNu viSayAmAM sthUladI lokonI dRSTi nathI bhUpatI ane emane rasa nathI Avate, emAM e viSayAnA zA doSa? doSa to che samajanArAonI buddhine. kAI paNa viSayanA abhyAsIne emAM rasa tyAre ja Ave che, jyAre e enA taLiyA sudhI UtarI jAya. karma' zabdano artha ane enA keTalAka paryAya jaina zAstramAM 'kama' zabdathI e atha samajavAmAM Ave che: pahelA che rAga-dveSAtmaka pariNAma, jene kaSAya ( bhAvakama) kahe che. ane bIjo che kA jAtinA pudgalavizeSa, je kaSAyane lIdhe je

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ka tattva ww AtmAne cATelA hAya che, ane dravyakama kahevAya che. jaina danamAM je artha mATe 'ka' zabdanA prayAga karavAmAM Ave che e ane mATe athavA ene bhaLatA ane mATe jainetara dAmAM A zabdo maLe cheH mAyA, avidyA, prakRti, apUrva, vAsanA, Azaya, dharmAMdha, adaSTa, saMskAra, daiva, bhAgya vagere. * . " ' ' mAyA ', ' avidyA ', ' prakRti ' A traNa zabda vedAMtamAM maLe che. ene a lagabhaga jaina darzananA bhAvaka' jevA thAya che. apUrva zabda mImAMsA darzInamAM maLe che. ' vAsanA 'zabda auddha darzInamAM prasiddha che, paraMtu yoga danamAM paNa ene prayAga karavAmAM AvyA che. ' dharmAMdhama ', ' adRSTa' ane ' saMskAra ' A traNa zabdone prayAga anya darzanomAM paNa maLe che, paNa vizeSe karIne nyAya tathA vaizeSika danamAM ' daiva ', ' bhAgya ', ' puNya-pApa ' vagere keTalAya zabdo evA che ke je badhAMya danAmAM sAmAnya jevA che. jeTalAM darzonA Atma vAdI che ane punarjanmane mAne che, emane punarjanmanI siddhine mATe enA samanane mATe--kama mAnavuM ja paDe che. " 197 karmanuM svarUpa mithyAtva, kaSAya vagere kAraNeAthI prerAIne jIva je pravRtti kare che te 'ka`' kahevAya che. kamanu A lakSaNa upara sUcavela bhAvaka tathA vyakama bannene lAgu paDe che, kema ke bhAvakamAM AtmA ke jIvata vaibhAvika pariNAma che, tethI jIva ja ene upAdAnarUpa kartA che ane dravyaka, je kANujAtinA sUkSma pudgalAnA vikAra che, enA kartA paNa nimittarUpe jIva ja che. bhAvaka'mAM dravyakama` nimitta che ane dravyakamamAM bhAvaka' nimitta che. A rIte A bannene ApasaApasamAM khIja ane aMkuranA jevA kAryakAraNa saMbadha che.

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198 jainadharmano prANa pApa-puNyanI kaseTI [ sAmAnya leke kahe che ke dAna, pUjana, sevA vagere kriyAo karavAthI zubha karmane (puNyana) baMdha thAya che, ane koIne duHkha devuM, IcchA viruddha kAma karavuM vagerethI azubha karmane (pApane) baMdha thAya che. paNa A kaMI puNya-pApane nirNaya karavAnI mukhya kasoTI nathI. eka paropakArI dAktara jyAre koInuM oparezana kare che tyAre e dardIne kaSTa te jarUra thAya che; hitaciMtaka mA-bApa aNasamajI chokarAne enI icchA viruddha bhaNAvavAno prayatna kare che tyAre e bALakane duHkha jevuM jarUra lAge che, paNa eTalA mAtrathI na to e dAktara anucita kAma karanAra lekhAya che ke na e hitasvI mA-bApa ja doSane pAtra gaNAya che. AthI UlaTuM, jyAre koI mANasa, bhoLA lakAne ThagavAnA IrAdAthI ke bIjA koI halakA IrAdAthI dAna, pUjA vagere kriyAo kare che tyAre e puNyane badale pApano baMdha kare che tethI puNyabaMdha ke pApabaMdhanI sAcI kaseTI kevaLa uparanI kriyA nathI, paNa enI sAcI kasoTI kartAno IrAdo ja che. puNya-pApanI A karI saune sAmAnya rIte mAnya che, kAraNa ke A siddhAMta sarvamAnya che ke-"yAdaza bhAvanA caya lirmivatI tAdazI | sAcI nilepatA-kama kayAre na baMdhAya | sAmAnya leka ema mAnI le che ke amuka kAma na karavAthI ApaNane puNya-pApano lepa nahIM lAge. tethI teo e kAmane te tajI de che, paNa moTebhAge emanI mAnasika kriyA nathI chUTatI. tethI jeo puNya-pApathI alipta rahevAthI icchA dharAvavA chatAM paNa enAthI pitAnI jAtane mukta nathI karI zakatA. eTalA mATe e vicAravuM joIe ke sAcI nirlepatA kone kahevAya? mAnasika kSobha arthAta kaSAyane lepa (baMdha) kahe che. je kaSAya na hoya te upara jaNAvelI keAI kriyA AtmAne baMdhanamAM

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karmatatva rAkhI zakatI nathI. AthI UlaTuM, je kaSAyane vega aMdara vidyamAna hoya te upara uparathI hajAra prayatna karavA chatAM paNa koI vyakti pitAnI jAtane baMdhanathI bacAvI nathI zakatI. kaSAyamukta vItarAga badhI jagyAe, jaLamAM kamaLanI jema, nilepa rahe che; paNa kaSAyavAna AtmA vegano dekhAva karIne paNa potAnI tala jeTalI paNa zuddhi nathI karI zakato. eTalA mATe ja ema kahevAmAM Ave che ke Asaktine tyAga karIne je kAma karavAmAM Ave che, te baMdhaka nathI thatuM. matalaba ke sAcI nirlepatA mAnasika kSobhanA tyAgamAM che. A ja upadeza karmazAstramAM maLe che, ane bIje paNa e ja vAta kahevAmAM AvI che ke mana eva manuSyANAM kAraNaM bandhamokSayoH / nyAya viracADaDae mokSe nirvivacaM amRtama maiyupaniSada kamanuM anAdipaNuM vicArazIla mANasanA manamAM prazna UThe che ke karma sAdi che ke anAdi ? AnA javAbamAM jaina darzane kahyuM che ke karma vyaktinI (eka eka karmanI) apekSAe sAdi che ane pravAhanI apekSAe anAdi che. paNa kamane pravAha kyAre zarU thayo, e kaI kahI zakatuM nathI. bhaviSyanI sAme bhUtakALanuM UMDANa anaMta che. ane anaMtanuM varNana anAdi ke anaMta zabda sivAya bIjI kaI rIte thaI zakatuM nathI. eTalA mATe karmanA pravAhane anAdi kahevA sivAya bIjo koI Aro nathI. karmapravAhanA anAdipaNAne ane mukta jIvonA saMsAramAM pAchA nahIM pharavApaNane badhAM pratiSThita darzane mAne che. kamabaMdhanuM kAraNa jaina darzanamAM mithyAtva, avirati, kaSAya ane yoga e cArane karmabaMdhanAM kAraNo kahela che. Ane saMkSepa pAchaLanAM be (kaSAya ane

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jainadhama nA prANa 200 yeAga) kAraNomAM karelA maLe che. vadhAre TrakANamAM kahevuM hoya to ema kahI zakIe ke kaSAya ja karmabaMdhanuM kAraNa che. Ama tA kAyAnA vikAranA aneka prakAra che, paNa AdhyAtmika vidvAnoe e badhAnu TUMkamAM vargIkaraNa karIne enA rAga ane dveSa evA e ja prakAra karyo che. ajJAna, mithyAjJAna vagere je kamanA kAraNA kahevAya che e paNa rAga-dveSanA sabaMdhane lIdhe ja. rAganI ke dveSanI mAtrA vadhI ke jJAna viparIta rUpe badalavA lAgyuM ja samajo. tethI zabdanA bheda hovA chatAM karmAMbadhanAM kAraNeA aMge khIjA' Astika darzanA sAthe jaina darzanane kAI matabheda nathI. taiyAyika tathA vaizeSika danamAM mithyAjJAnane, yAgadanamAM prakRti-puruSanA abhedajJAnane ane vedAMta vageremAM avidyAne tathA jaina darzanamAM mithyAtvane karmanuM kAraNa kahyuM che. paNa e vAta pyAlamAM rAkhavI ke game tene kanu kAraNa kema na mAnavAmAM Ave, paNa jo emAM kanI aMdhakatA (kalepa pedA karavAnI zakti) haze tAM te rAmadUdhanA sabaMdhane lIdhe ja, rAga-dveSane dhaTADA ke abhAva thatAM ja ajJAnapaNuM (mithyAtva) ochuM thavA lAge che ke nAza pAme che. mahAbhAratanA zAMtipaOmAMnA varmaLA vaLyate nantaH' e kathanamAM paNa kama zabdane a rAga-dveSa ja che. ' kaMthI mukta thavAnA upAye jaina zAstromAM parama puruSAtha-meAkSa meLavavAnAM traNa sAdhana batAvyAM cheH (1) samyagdaztana, (2) samyagnAna ane (3) samyakcAritra. kayAMka kayAMka jJAna ane kriyA, e ene ja mekSanAM sAdhana kahyAM che. AvAM sthaLAmAM darzanane jJAnasvarUpa-jJAnavizeSa-mAnIne ene juduM nathI gaNatAM. paNa savAla e thAya che ke vaidika darzItAmAM ka, jJAna, yoga, ane bhakti, e cArene meAkSanuM sAdhana mAnela che, te pachI jaina darzanamAM traNa ke e ja sAdhana kema kahyAM ? Ane khulAsA e che ke jaina darzanamAM je samyakcAritrane samyakriyA kahela che, emAM ka

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karmatattva 201 ane A matanimaha samAveza thaI cina ane yoga bane mArgone samAveza thaI jAya che, kAraNa ke samyaphacAritramAM manonigraha, Idriyajaya, cittazuddhi, samabhAva ane e mATe levAmAM AvatA upAyone samAveza thaI jAya che. manonigraha, idriyajaya vigere sAtvika yajJa ja karmamArga che ane cittazuddhi tema ja ene mATe karavAmAM AvatI sampravRtti e ja gamArga che. A rIte karma bhAga ane yogamArganuM mizraNa, e ja samyakyAritra che. samyagdarzana e ja bhakitamArga che, kAraNa ke bhaktimAM zraddhAno aMza mukhya hoya che, ane samyagdarzana paNa zraddhArUpa ja che. samyajJAna ja jJAnamArga che. A rIte jaina darzanamAM kahelAM mokSanAM traNa sAdhano, anya darzanenAM badhAM sAdhanono samuccaya che. AtmAnuM svataMtra astitva ane punarjanma | kame ane upara je kaMI kahevAmAM AvyuM che, enI saMgati tyAre ja thaI zake che ke jyAre AtmAne jaDathI juduM tatva mAnavAmAM A AtmAnuM svataMtra astitva je pramANothI jANI zakAya che emAM eka punarjanma paNa che, eTaluM ja nahIM balka vartamAna zarIra pachI AtmAnuM astitva mAnavAmAM na Ave te keTalAya praznono nikAla nathI thaI zakto. ghaNu mANase evA jovAmAM Ave che ke teo A janmamAM prAmANika jIvana vitAve che, paraMtu rahe che daridra. ane evA paNa bhANaso jovAmAM Ave che ke jeo nyAya, nIti ane dharmanuM nAma sAMbhaLIne ciDAI jAya che, paraMtu hoya che badhI rIte sukhI. evA aneka mANaso maLI zake che ke jeo pita doSa kare che ane e deze -aparAdhenuM phaLa bhogave che bIjA. khUna eka kare che ane baMdIvAna banIne phAMsIne mAMcaDe caDe che bIje. corI eka kare che ane pakaDyo jAya che bIje. A uparathI e vicAra karavo joIe ke jemane pitAnA sArA ke kharAba kRtyano badale A janmamAM nathI maLatuM

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202 jainadharmane prANa emanuM kRtya zuM ema ja niSphaLa javAnuM? AvI badhI vAtane dhyAnamAM letAM ema mAnyA vagara saMtoSa nathI thato ke cetana eka svataMtra tatva che, ane e jANatAM-ajANatAM je kaMI sAruM-khoTuM karma kare che, enuM phaLa ene bhogavavuM ja paDe che, ane eTalA mATe ene punarjanmanA cakrAvAmAM pharavuM paDe che. buddha bhagavAne paNa punarjanma mAnela che. pAkA nirIzvaravAdI jarmana paMDita nibbe karmacake pravartAvela punarjanmane mAne che. punarjanmano A svIkAra AtmAnA svataMtra astitvane mAnavAne prabaLa purAvo che.J. kamatatva aMge jaina darzananI vizeSatA jaina darzanamAM dareka karmanI badhyamAna, sata ane udayamAna e traNa avasthAe mAnI che. ene anukrame baMdha, sattA ane udaya kahe che. jainetara darzanamAM paNa karmanI A avasthAonuM varNana che. emAM adhyamAna karmane "kriyamANa", "sata " karmane "saMcita" ane udayamAnane "prArabdha" kahela che paNa jaina zAstromAM jJAnAvaraNIya vagere karmanA 8 mULabheda tathA 148 prabhedonuM vargIkaraNa karyuM che. ane e dvArA saMsArI AtmAnI anubhavasiddha bhinnabhinna avasthAona jevo khulAso karavAmAM Avyo che tevo koI paNa jainetara darzanamAM nathI. pAtaMjala darzanamAM karmanA "jAti ', "Ayu' ane ga" evA traNa prakAranA vipAka darzAvyA che, paraMtu jaina darzanamAM karavAmAM Avela karma saMbaMdhI vicAraNAnI AgaLa e varNana nAmanuM ja lAge che. | AtmAnI sAthe karmano baMdha kevo thAya che? enAM kAraNe zAM zAM che? kayA kAraNe karmamAM kevI zakti pedA thaI jAya che? vadhumAM vadhu ane ochAmAM ochA keTalA vakhata sudhI karma AtmAne vaLagI rahe che? AtmAne lAgeluM evuM paNa kama keTalA vakhata sudhI vipAka -phaLa ApavAmAM asamartha che? vipAkanA nizcita samayamAM paNa pheraphAra

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kamatattva thaI zake ke nahIM? eka kama bIjA kAmamAM kyAre pheravAI jAya che? emanI baMdha samayanI tIvra ke maMda zaktimAM kevI rIte pheraphAra thaI zake? pAchaLathI vipAka-phaLa ApanAruM kama pahelAM ja kyAre ane kevI rIte bhogavI laI zakAya che? kama game teTaluM baLavAna kema na hAya, paNa AtmAnA zuddha pariNAmothI e vipAkane kevI rIte rokI zakAya che? kyAreka kayAreka AtmA seMkaDo prayatna kare to paNa karma pitAne vipAka cakhADyA vagara kema nathI chUTatuM? AtmA kevI rIte karmane kartA ane bhoktA che? Ama hovA chatAM paNa vastutaH AtmAmAM karmanuM kartutva ane bhaknatva kevI kevI rIte nathI ? saMklezarUpa pariNAma pitAnI AkarSaNazaktithI AtmA upara eka prakAranI sUma rajanuM AcchAdana kevI rIte nAkhI de che? AtmA virya-zaktine pragaTAvIne A sUkSma rajanA AcchAdanane kevI rIte phagAvI de che? svabhAve zuddha AtmA paNa karmanA prabhAve kevI rIte malina jevo dekhAya che? ane bAhya hajAra AvaraNa hovA chatAM paNa AtmA pitAnA zuddha svarUpathI calita kevI rIte nathI thato ? e pitAnI utkrAMtine samaye pahelAM bAMdhelAM ugra karmone kevI rIte dUra karI de che? e pitAmAM rahelA paramAtmabhAvanAM darzana karavA mATe jyAre utsuka thAya che te vakhate enI ane emAM aMtarAyarUpa thatAM karmonI vacce kevuM dUdha jAme che? chevaTe vayavAna AtmA kevI jAtanAM pariNAmothI baLavAna karmone kamajora karIne pitAnA pragati mArgane niSkaTaka banAve che? AtmamaMdiramAM birAjatA paramAtmadevane sAkSAtkAra karAvavAmAM sahAyaka thatA pariNAma, jene "apUrvakaraNa" tathA anivRttikaraNa" kahe che, emanuM svarUpa zu che ke jIva pitAnA zuddha pariNAmanI paraMparArUpI vIjaLIka yaMtrathI kamarUpI pahADonA kevI rIte TukaDeTukaDA karI nAkhe che? vaLI kyAreka kyAreka thoDA vakhata mATe dabAI gayelAM karma ja pharI pAchAM Uthale khAIne pragatizIla AtmAne . kevI rIte nIce paTakI de che? baMdha ane udayanI dRSTie kayAM kayAM

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204 jainadharmane prANu karma ekabIjAMnAM virodhI che? kayA karmane baMdha kaI avasthAmAM avayaMbhAvI ane kaI avasthAmAM aniyata che ? kyA karmane vipAka kaI sthiti sudhI niyata ane kaI sthitimAM aniyata che? AtmA sAthe joDAyela atIndriya karmaraja kevA prakAranI AkarSaNazaktithI pudgalene AkarSyA kare che, ane e dvArA kevI rIte zarIra, mana, sUkSma zarIra vagerenI racanA karyA kare che?--vagere vagere karma sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatA saMkhyAbaMdha praznone yuktiyukta, vistRta ane vizada khulAso jaina kasAhitya sivAya bIjA koI paNa darzananA sAhityathI nathI thaI zakato. karmatatva saMbaMdhI jaina darzananI A ja vizeSatA che. "[ auciM khaM, 2, 50 205-216, 223-229, 235-238 ]

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13 anekAMtavAda anekAMta e jaina saMpradAyane mukhya siddhAMta che, je tattvajJAna ane dharmanA banne pradezamAM sabhAnapaNe mAnya thayela che. anekAMta ane syAdAda e bane zabdo atyAre sAmAnya rIte eka ja arthamAM vaparAya che. mAtra jaine ja nahi, paNa jainetara samajadAra leka jaina darzana ne jaina saMpradAyane anekAMtadarzana ke anekAMtasaMpradAya tarIke oLakhe-oLakhAve che. hamezathI jaina leke pitAnI anekAMta saMbaMdhI mAnyatAne eka abhimAnanI vastu lekhatA AvyA che ane enI bhavyatA, udAratA tema ja suMdaratAnuM sthApana karatA AvyA che. ahIM ApaNe jovAnuM e che ke anekAMta e vastu zuM che? anekAMtanI sAmAnya samajUtI anekAMta e eka jAtanI vicArapaddhati che. te badhI dizAothI,. badhI bAjuthI khuluM evuM eka mAnasacakSu che. jJAnanA, vicAranA ane AcaraNanA koI paNa viSayane te mAtra eka ja tUTelI ke adhUrI bAjuthI jevA nA pADe che ane zakya hoya teTalI vadhAremAM vadhAre bAjuethI, vadhAremAM vadhAre vigatothI ane vadhAremAM vadhAre mArmika rIte te sarva kAMI vicAravA, AcaravAne pakSapAta dharAve che. A tene pakSapAta paNa mAtra satyanA pAyA upara ja baMdhAyela che. ane kAMtanuM jIvitapaNuM agara jIvana eTale tenI pAchaLa, AgaLa ke aMdara sarvatra satyanuM-yathArthatAnuM vaheNu. anekAMta e mAtra kalpanA nathI, .

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jainadhama nA prANa 206 paNa satyasiddha thayelI kalpanA hAI te tattvajJAna che ane vivekI AcaraNane viSaya hAI te dhama paNa che. anekAMtanu jIvitapaNuM emAM che ke te jema khIjA viSayAne badhI bAjuthI taTasthapaNe jovA, vicAravA, apanAvavA prere che, tema e pAtAnA svarUpa ane vitapaNA vize paNa khullA manathI vicAra karavA pharamAve che. jeTalu vicAranuM khullApaNuM, spaSTapaNuM ane taTasthapaNuM teTaluM ja anekAMtanuM aLa ke jIvana. , [dRaci'0 bhA. 2, pR. 873] koI paNa viziSTa darzana hoya ke dharma-paMtha hoya, enA AdhArarUpa --enA mULa prava`ka puruSanI--eka khAsa dRSTi hoya che, jema ke zaMkarAcAryanI potAnA matanirUpaNamAM 'advaitadRSTi ane bhagavAna buddhanI potAnA dharmAM-patha-pravatanamAM 'madhyamapratipadAdaSTi ' e khAsa dRSTie che. jaina darzana bhAratIya darzanamAM eka viziSTa darzana che; sAthe sAthe viziSTa dharma-patha paNa che; tethI enA pravartaka ane pracAraka mukhya puruSonI eka khAsa dRSTi enA mULamAM hevI ja joIe, ane e che paNa kharI. A dRSTi ja anekAMtavAda che. jaina tattvavicAra hoya ke AcAra-vyavahAra hAya, game te hAya, e aya anekAMtadRSTine AdhAre yojavAmAM Ave che. athavA ema kahI zakAya ke aneka prakAranA vicAreA ane AcArAmAMthI jaina vicAra ane jaina AcAra zuM che? e kevA hoI zake?--e nakkI karavAnI ane enI AkAraNI karavAnI ekamAtra kaseATI paNa anekAMtadRSTi ja che. [dRauci. khaMra, pR0 149] anya denAmAM dekhAtI anekAMtaSThi ApaNe badhA jANIe chIe ke yuddha peAtAne vibhajyavAdI kahe che. jaina AgamAmAM mahAvIrane paNa vibhajyavAdI kahyA che.OM vibha 1. mazrcimanikAca su. 99, 2. sUtrakRtAMga 1-14-22.

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anekAMtavAda 207 jyavAdano artha che pRthakkaraNa karIne satya-asatyanu nirUpaNa karavuM ane satyAne ceAgya samanvaya karaveza. vibhajyavAdanuM ja bIjuM nAma anekAMta che, kAraNa ke vibhanyavAdamAM ekAMta dRSTibiMduno tyAga hAya che. auda paraparAmAM 'vibhajyavAda'ne sthAne ' madhyamamArga' zabda vadhAre rUDha che. atA( cheDAo)nA tyAga karavA chatAM anekAMtanA avalaMbanamAM judA judA vicArakAnAM judAM judAM dRSTibiMdu hoI zake che. tethI ja ApaNe nyAya, sAMkhyayeAga ane mImAMsaka jevAM darzanAmAM paNa vibhajyavAda tathA anekAMta zabdanA upayAgathI nirUpaNa thayelu joI e chIe. akSapAdakRta nyAyasUtranA prasiddha bhASyakAra vAtsyAyane 2-1-15, 16 nA bhASyamAM je nirUpaNa karyu che te anekAMtanu spaSTa dyotaka che; ane ' cacAzanaM vimApavacana ' ema kahIne teA emaNe vibhajyavAdanA ja pAyeA pADayo che. ApaNe sAMkhyadarzananI tattvaciMtananI samagra prakriyAne dhyAnapUrvaka joIzuM te jaNAze ke enuM nirUpaNa anekAMtaSTithI karavAmAM AvyuM che. yAgadarzananA 3-13 sUtranA bhASya tathA tattvavaizAradI vivaraNane dhyAnapUrvaka vAMcanAra, sAMkhyayeAga darzananI anekAMtadRSTine barAbara samajI zake che. kumArile paNa zleAkavAti kamAM tema ja bIje potAnI tattvavyavasthAmAM anekAMtadRSTinA upapyAga karyo che. mAtra upaniSadone ja AdhAra laI te kevalAdvaita, viziSTAdvaita, dvaitAdvaita, zuddAdvaita vagere aneka vAda sthApita thayA che, te kharI rIte anekAMtavicArasaraNInA judA judA prakAra che. tattvaciMtananI vAta bAjue mUkI ApaNe mAnavAthAnA judA judA AcAra-vyavahArA upara dhyAna ApIzuM te emAM paNa ApaNane anekAMtadRSTi dekhAze. kharI rIte jIvananuM svarUpa ja evuM che ke je ekAMta dRSTimAM pUrepUru abhivyakta nathI thaI zakatu. mAnavavyavahAra paNa evA che ke je anekAMtadRSTinuM aMtima avalaMbana lIdhA vagara nabhI zakatA nathI. [dRauci. kha'0 2, pR0 500-501 ] 1. AAkavArtika, AtmavAda 29, 30 vagere.

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jainadhama nA prANa anekAMtadRSTinA AdhAra : satya jyAre samagra jaina vicAra ane AcArane pAyeA anekAMtaSTi ja che tyAre pahelAM e jovu joI e ke anekAMtadaSTi kayAM tattvAne AdhAre UbhI karavAmAM AvI che? vicAra karatAM tema ja anekAMtadRSTinA sAhityanu avalAkana karatAM jaNAya che ke anekAMtadRSTi satyanA AdhAre UbhI che. joke badhAya mahApuruSo satyane ja cAhe che ane satyanI ja zodha tema ja satyanA ja nirUpaNamAM potAnu jIvana vitAve che, chatAM paNa satyanA nirUpaNanI paddhati ane satyanI zodha badhAnI ekasarakhI nathI hAtI, muddedeva je zailIthI satyanu nirUpaNa kare che ke zakarAcArya, upaniSadone AdhAre, je Dhabe satyanuM prakAzana kare che, enAthI bhagavAna mahAvIranI satyaprakAzana zailI judI che. bhagavAna mahAvIranI satyaprakAzana zailInu ja khIju nAma anekAMtavAda che. enA mULamAM e tattva cheH pUrNatA ane yathArthatA. je pUrNa hoya, ane pUrNa hovA chatAM yathArtha rUpe pratIta thAya ene ja satya kahevAmAM Ave che. 208 kAi paNa vastunuM saMpUrNa rUpe trikAlAbAdhita yathA darzIna thavu muzkela che; ane kAI ne e thaI paNa jAya tApaNu enu e ja rUpe zabdomAM yathArtha varNana karavu' e satyadraSTA ane satyavAdIne mATe paNa bahu muzkela che. kAI e muzkela kAmane keTaleka aMze karavAvALA nIkaLI paNa Ave tApaNu deza, kALa, paristhiti, bhASA, zailI vagerenA anivA bhedane lIdhe e badhAnA varNanamAM kaMIka ne kaMIka virAdha ke bheda dekhAI Ave, e anivAya che. A to thaI e pUNudarzI ane satyavAdI gaNyAgAMThayA manuSyAnI vAta ke jemane ApaNe kevaLa kalpanA ke anumAnane AdhAre samajI ke mAnI zakIe chIe. ApaNA anubhava to sAmAnya mANusA sudhI maryAdita che, ane e kahe che ke sAdhAraNa mANasAmAM paNa ghaNAkharA yathArthavAdI hovA chatAM paNa apUrNa

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anekAMtavAda 209 heya che. AvI sthitimAM yathArthavAdIpaNuM hevA chatAM paNa pitAnuM darzana apUrNa hovAne lIdhe ane ene pragaTa karavAnI sAmagrI paNa apUrNa hovAne kAraNe satyapriya mANasonI samajaNamAM paNa kyAreka kyAreka pharaka paDI jAya che, ane saMskArabheda emanAmAM parasparamAM savizeSa saMgharSa pedA karI de che. A rIte pUrNada ane apUrNadarzI badhAya satyavAdIo mAraphata chevaTe bheda ane virodhanI sAmagrI ApoApa rajU thaI jAya che athavA bIjA loke emanA nAme AvI sAmagrI pedA karI le che. bhagavAna mahAvIre zeAdhelI anekAMtadaSTi ane enI zarato : AvI vastusthiti joIne bhagavAna mahAvIre vicAryuM ke evo zera raste kADhI zakAya ke jethI vastunuM pUrNa ke apUrNa satyadarzana karavAvALAnI sAthe anyAya na thAya. bIjAnuM darzana apUrNa tema ja pitAnA darzananuM virodhI hovA chatAM je e satya hoya, ane e ja pramANe pitAnuM darzana apUrNa tema ja bIjAnA darzananuM virodhI heya, chatAM je e satya hoya te e bannene nyAya maLe ene paNa zo ilAja che ? -AvI ja ciMtanapradhAna tapasyAe bhagavAna mahAvIrane anekAMtadaSTi sujhADI, ane emane satyanI zodhano saMkalpa saphaLa thayuM. emaNe pitAne sAMpaDelI e anekAMtadaSTinI cAvIthI vyaktigata tema ja sAmUhika jIvananI vyAvahArika ane pAramArthika samasyAonA tALAne ughADI nAkhyuM ane samAdhAna meLavyuM, tyAre emaNe jIvanamAM upayogI vicAra ane AcAranuM ghaDatara karatI vakhate, e anekAMtadaSTine, nIce pramANenI mukhya zaratothI prakAzita karI, ane potAnA jIvana dvArA enuM anusaraNa karavAne e ja zaratee upadeza Apyo. e zarate A pramANe che - (1) rAga ane dveSamAMthI pedA thatA saMskArone vaza na thavuM, arthAt tejasvI madhyasthabhAva dhAraNa kare. (2) jyAM lagI madhyasthabhAvane pUrNa vikAsa na thAya tyAM lagI

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210 jainadharmane prANa e dhyeya tarapha dhyAna rAkhIne kevaLa satyanI jijJAsA rAkhavI. . (3) game tevA vidhI dekhAtA pakSathI gabharAvuM nahIM ane pitAnA pakSanI jema e pakSanI paNa AdarapUrvaka vicAraNA karavI ane pitAnA pakSa tarapha paNa virodhI pakSanI jema AkarI samAcaka daSTi rAkhavI. (4) pitAnA tema ja bIjAonA anubhavomAMthI je je aMze sAcA lAge-bhale pachI te virodhI ja kema na lAgatA hoya-e badhAne vivekabuddhithI samanvaya karavAnI udAratAne abhyAsa kare ane anubhava vadhatAM pahelAMnA samanvayamAM jyAM bhUla dekhAya tyAM mithyAbhimAnane tyAga karIne, sudhAro karavo ane e ja krame AgaLa vadhavuM. anekAMtadaSTinuM khaMDana ane tenI vyApaka asara jyAre bIjA vidvAnoe anekAMtadaSTine tasvarUpe svIkAra karavAne badale sAMpradAyika vAda rUpe svIkAra karyo tyAre enA upara cotaraphathI AkSepanI jhaDIo varasavA lAgI. bAdarAyaNa jevA sUtrakAroe enA khaMDana mATe sUtra racI dIdhAM; ane e sUtronA bhASyakAroe e ja viSayane anulakSIne pitAnAM bhASyanI racanA karI. vasubaMdhu, didbhAga, dhamakIti ane zAMtarakSita jevA moTA moTA prabhAvazALI bauddha vidvAnee paNa anekAMtavAdanI pUrepUrI khabara laI nAkhI ! A bAju jaina vicAraka vidvAnoe paNa emane sAmano karyo. A pracaMDa saMgharSanuM anivAryuM pariNAma e AvyuM ke eka bAju anekAMtadaSTino tarkabaddha rIte vikAsa thayo ane bIjI bAju eno prabhAva bIjA vidhI saMpradAyanA vidvAna upara paNa paDyo. dakSiNa bhAratamAM pracaMDa digaMbarAcAryo ane pracaMDa mImAMsaka ane vedAMtI vidvAnonI vacce zAstrArthanuM ThaMdha thayuM; ethI chevaTe to anekAMtadaSTine prabhAva ja vadhu phelAye; te eTale sudhI ke rAmAnuja jevA jaina tatvanA sAva virodhI prakhara AcAryo zaMkarAcAryanA bhAyAvAdanA virodhamAM pitAnA matanuM sthApana karatI

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anekAMtavAda 211 vakhate joke AdhAra te sAmAnya upaniSadone lIdhe, paNa emAMthI viziSTAdaitanuM nirUpaNa karatI vakhate anekAMtadaSTine upayoga karyo, athavA ema kahe ke, rAmAnuje potAnI be anekAMtadaSTine viziSTAdvaitanI racanAmAM pariNuta karI ane ene aupaniSada tatvane jAme paherAvIne anekAMtadRSTimAMthI viziSTAdvaitavAda UbhuM karIne anekAMtadaSTi tarapha AkarSAyelI janatAne vedAMtanA mArgamAM sthira karI. puSTimArganA puraskartA vallabhAcArya, jeo dakSiNa bhAratamAM thaI gayA, emanA zuddhAdvaitaviSayaka badhAM tattva jeke che te upaniSadanA AdhAravALAM, paNa emanI samagra vicArasaraNI anekAMtadaSTine ApavAmAM AveluM navIna vedAMta svarUpa che. A bAju uttara ane pazcima bhAratamAM bIjA vidvAno sAthe tAMbara saMpradAyanA mahAna vidvAnonuM khaMDanamaMDanaviSayaka je dUdha thayuM enA pariNAme anekAMtavAdane prabhAva janatAmAM phelAyo ane sAMpradAyika Dhabe anekAMtavAdane virodha karavAvALA paNa jANatA-ajANatAM anekAMtadRSTine apanAvavA lAgyA. A rIte joke eka vAdarUpe anekAMtadaSTi atyAra sudhI jainenI ja lekhAya che, to paNa eno prabhAva koI ne koI rUpe, ahiMsAnI jema vikRta ke ardhavikRta rUpe, bhAratanA dareka bhAgamAM phelAyeluM che. AnI sAbitI badhA bhAgonA sAhityamAMthI maLI zake che. [daauciM0 naM. 2, 50 151-152, 135-156]

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14 nayavAda jena tatvajJAnanI paribhASAomAM "nayavAda nI paribhASAnuM paNa sthAna che. naya pUrNa satyanI eka bAjune jANanArI dRSTinuM nAma che. AvA nayanA sAta prakAra jaina zAstromAM prAcIna samayathI maLe che, jemAMnA pahelA nayanuM nAma che "naigama." gama' zabdanuM mULa ane ene artha e kahevAnI jarUra nathI ke "maigama" zabda "nigama uparathI banyo che. A nigame vaizAlImAM hatA ane enA ullekha sikkAomAM paNa maLe che. ekasarakho kArobAra calAvanArI zreNIvizeSane "nigama kahe che. emAM eka prakAranI ekatA hoya che, ane badhuM dhULa vyavahAra eka jevo cAle che. e ja "nigamane bhAva laIne, enA uparathI "maigama' zabda dvArA jaina paraMparAe eka evI daSTinuM sUcana karyuM che ke je samAjamAM sthULa hoya che, ane jene AdhAre jIvanavyavahAra cAle che. bAkInA cha ne, ene AdhAra ane enI samajUtI naigama pachI saMgraha, vyavahAra, jusUtra, zabda, samabhirUDha ane evaMbhUta evA cha zabdo dvArA A AMzika -satyanA amuka aMzane grahaNa karatI ] vicArasaraNIo sUcavavAmAM AvI che. uparanI che

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nayavAda 213 daSTio jeke tattvajJAnanI sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve che, paNa mULamAM e te samayanA rAjyavyavahAra ane sAmAjika vyavahArane AdhAre phalita karavAmAM AvI che, eTaluM ja nahIM, balake "saMgraha", "vyavahAra" vagere upara jaNAvela zabdo paNa te samayanA bhASAprayAgamAMthI levAmAM AvyA che. aneka gaNo maLIne rAjyavyavasthA ke samAjavyavasthA kare che, je eka prakArano samudAya ke saMgraha hato, ane jemAM bhedamAM abheda dRSTinuM prAdhAnya rahetuM hatuM. tatvajJAnanA "saMgraha" nayanA arthamAM paNa e ja bhAva che. vyavahAra bhale rAjakIya heya ke sAmAjika, paNa e judI judI vyaktio ke judAM judAM jUtha dvArA ja siddha thAya che. tattvajJAnanA vyavahAra " nayamAM paNa bheda eTale vibhAjanane ja bhAva mukhya che. vaizAlImAMthI maLelA sikkAo uparathI ApaNe jANI zakIe chIe ke "vyAvahArika ane "vinizcaya mahAmAtya nI jema 'sUtradhAra paNa eka pada-hoddo hato. mArA mAnavA pramANe, sUtradhAranuM kAma e ja hovuM joIe je jaina tattvajJAnanA "RjusUtra" nayathI kahevA dhAyuM che. "RjusUtra' nayano artha che-AgaLa pAchaLanI (bhUtabhaviSyanI) galIkUcImAM na jatAM kevaLa vartamAnane ja vicAra karo. saMbhava che, sUtradhAranuM kAma paNa kaMIka evuM ja hoya ke je savAlo UbhA thAya enuM tarata ja nirAkaraNa karavAmAM Ave. dareka samAjamAM, saMpradAyamAM ane rAjyamAM paNa viziSTa prasaMgee arthAta AjJAne ja prAdhAnya ApavuM paDe che, jyAre bIjI rIte mAmalo thALe paDato na hoya tyAre koI eka vyaktine zabda-AjJA ja aMtima pramANu mAnavAmAM Ave che. zabdanA A mukhyapaNAno bhAva, bIje rUpe, "zabda nayamAM samAyela che. khuda budhe ja kahyuM che ke licchavIgaNe jUnA rItarivAjone arthAta rUDhione Adara kare che. koI paNa samAja pracalita rUDhionuM sarvathA umUlana karIne jIvI nathI zakate. "samabhirUDha nayamAM rUDhinA anusaraNa bhAva tAttvika dRSTie dhaTAvyo che. samAja, rAjya ane dharmanI ane vyavahArane lagatI

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214 jainadharmane prANa sthaLa vicArasaraNI ke vyavasthA game tevI kema na hoya, paNa emAM je satyanI pAramArthika dRSTi na hoya te e nathI jIvI zakatI ke nathI pragati sAdhI zakatI. "evaMbhUta' naya e ja pAramArthika dRSTino sUcaka che, je tathAgatanA "tathA" zabdamAM ke pAchaLanA mahAyAnanA 'tathatA" zabdamAM rahelI che. jaina paraMparAmAM paNa "tahatti" zabda e ja yugathI atyAra sudhI pracalita che, je eTaluM ja sUcita kare che ke ame satya jevuM che tevuM ja svIkArIe chIe. [daauciM0 naM. 1, 50 50-60 ] apekSAe ane anekAta makAna kaI eka khUNAmAM pUruM nathI thatuM; enA aneka khUNA paNa koI eka ja dizAmAM nathI hotA. pUrva, pazcima, uttara, dakSiNa vagere ekabIjAthI viruddha dizAmAM Avela eka eka khUNAmAM UbhA rahIne karavAmAM AveluM e makAnanuM avalokana pUrNa te nathI hotuM, paNa e ayathArtha paNa nathI hotuM. judA judA saMbhavita badhAya khUNAomAM UbhA rahIne karavAmAM AvelAM saMbhavita avalokanane sArasamuccaya ja e makAnanuM pUrNa avakana che. dareka khUNAmAMthI karavAmAM AveluM dareka avalokana e pUrNa avelekananuM anivArya aMga che. e ja pramANe koI eka vastu ke samagra vizvanuM tAtvika ciMtana-darzana paNa aneka apekSAothI thaI zake che. mananI sahaja racanA, enA upara paDanAra AgaMtuka saMskAra ane ciMtya vastunuM svarUpa vagerenA samelanathI ja apekSA janme che. AvI apekSAo aneka hoya che, jeno Azraya laIne vastuno vicAra karavAmAM Ave che. vicArane AdhAra ApavAne kAraNe ke vicArapravAhanA udgamane AdhAra banavAne lIdhe e ja apekSAo dRSTikoNa ke daSTibiMdu paNa kahevAya che. saMbhavita badhI apekSAothI--bhale pachI e viruddha ja kema na dekhAtI hoya-karavAmAM AvatAM ciMtana ane darzanano sAra.

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nayavAda 215 samuccaya ja e viSayanuM pUrNa-anekAMta darzana che. apekSAmAMthI ud bhavatu dareka darzIna e pUrNa dananuM eka eka aMga che, je paraspara viruddha hAvA chatAM, pUrNa dAnamAM ene samanvaya thatA heAvAne kAraNe, kharI rIte aviruddha ja che. sAta nayAnu kAryakSetra jyAre kAInI maneAvRtti vizvamAM rahelA badhAya bhedAne--bhale pachI e bhedo guNathI, dhamathI ke svarUpathI thayelA hoya athavA vyaktitvane kAraNe thayA hoya--bhulAvIne arthAt e bhedo tarapha jhUkayA vagara ja eka mAtra akhaMDatAne vicAra kare che, tyAre ene akhaMDa ke eka ja vizvanuM darzIna thAya che. abhedanI e bhUmikAmAMthI niSpanna thatA 'sat' zabdanA ekamAtra akhaMDa atu darzIna, e ja 'saMgraha' naya che. guNadhakRta ke vyaktitvakRta bhedeA tarapha jhUkanArI manevRttithI karavAmAM AvatuM vizvanuM darzIna 'vyavahAra'naya kahevAya che, kAraNa ke lokasiddha vyavahArAnI bhUmikArUpe bhedonuM khAsa sthAna che. A darzanathI sat ' zabdanI maryAdA akhaMDita na rahetAM aneka khaDAmAM vaheMcAI jAya che. e ja bheda karanArI manevRtti ke apekSA kevaLa kALakRta bhedo tarapha jhUkIne, kAryakSama heAvAne lIdhe, jyAre phakta vartamAnane ja'sat' rUpa jue che, ane bhUtakALa ane bhaviSyakALane ' sat ' zabdanI vyAkhyAmAMthI dUra kare che, tyAre enAthI phalita thatuM vizvadarzana 'RjIsUtra' naya che, kema ke e bhUta ane bhaviSyanA cakrAvAne cheDI daIne phakta vartamAnanI sIdhI lITI upara cAle che. , / upara jaNAvelI traNe prakAranI maneAvRttie evI che ke je zabda ke zabdanA guNadharmone Azraya lIdhA vinA ja kAI paNa vastunuM ciMtana kare che. tethI ja e traNe prakAranuM ciMtana 'anaya' kahevAya che. paNu evI paNa manetti hAya che ke je zabdanA guNa dharmonA Azraya laI teja ane vicAra kare che. tethI ja AvI mane vRttithI

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216 jainadharmane prANa phalita thatA arthaciMtanane "zabdana" kahe che. zabdazAstrIo-vaiyAkaraNo ja mukhyatve zabdanayanA adhikArI che, kema ke emanAM ja judAM judAM daSTibiMduothI zabdanayamAM vividhatA AvI che. je zabdazAstrIo badhAya zabdone akhaMDa arthAta avyutpanna mAne che teo vyutpattibhede arthabheda na mAnavA chatAM liMga, puruSa, kALa vagere judI judI jAtanA zabdadharmonA AdhAre arthanuM vaividhya darzAve che. emanuM e prakAre arthabhedanuM darzana "zabda"naya ke "sAMprata'naya che. dareka zabdane vyutpattisiddha ja mAnavAvALI mane vRttithI vicAra karanArA zAbdiko paryAyanA-arthAt ekAWka samajavAmAM AvatA zabdonA- arthamAM paNa vyutpattibhede bheda mAne che. zukra, Idra vagere jevA paryAyavAcI zabdonA arthabhedanuM emaNe kareluM e darzana samabhirUDha' naya kahevAya che. vyutpattinA bhede ja nahIM, balake eka ja vyutpattithI phalita thatA arthanI hayAtI ane gerahayAtInA bhedane lIdhe paNa je darzana arthabheda mAne che, ene "evaMbhUta naya kahe che. A tArkika cha no uparAMta eka nigama nAmane naya paNa che, jemAM nigama arthAta dezanI rUDhi pramANe abhedagAmI ane bhedagAmI badhA prakAranA vicArane samAviza mAnavAmAM Avyo che. mukhyatve A ja sAta naya che. paNa kaI eka aMzane arthAta dRSTibiMdune laIne pravRtta thatA badhI jAtanA vicAra te te apekSAne sUcita karatA naye ja che. dravyArthika ane paryAyArthika naya zAstramAM dravyArthika ane paryAyArthika evA be naya paNa prasiddha che. paNa e no upara jaNAvela sAta nathI judA nathI, paraMtu emanuM ja TUMkuM vargIkaraNa ke bhUmikA mAtra che. dravya arthAt sAmAnya, anvaya, abheda ke ekatvane anulakSIne karavAmAM Avate vicAra e dravyArthika naya che. maigama, saMgraha ane vyavahAra, e traNe dravyArthika ja che. AmAMthI saMgraha to zuddha abhedane vicAra karanAra hovAthI zuddha ke mULa

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nayavAda 217 dravyArthika ja che, jyAre vyavahAra ane naigamanI pravRtti bhedagAmI hAvA chatAM paNa kAI ne kAI prakAranA abhedane paNa avalakhIne ja cAle che. eTalA mATe ene paNa dravyArthi ka ja mAnavAmAM AvyA che. alabatta, e saMgraha nayanI jema zuddha nahIM paNa azuddha-mizrita dravyArthi ka ja che. paryAya eTale vizeSa, vyAvRtti ke bhedane ja anulakSIne pravRtta thatA vicAramAga` paryAyArthi ka naya che. 'RnusUtra' vagere bAkInA cAre nayane paryAyArthi ka ja gaNavAmAM AvyA che. abhedane choDIne eka mAtra bhedane vicAra RjImUtranayathI zarU thAya che, tethI ene ja zAstramAM paryAyAthika nayanI prakRti ke mULa AdhAra kahela che. pAchalA traNa nayA e ja mULabhUta paryAyAthikanA eka rIte vistAra mAtra che. phakta jJAnane upayAgI mAnIne ene AdhAre pravRtta thatI vicAradhArAne jJAnanaya kahe che, teA phakta kriyAne AdhAre pravRtta thatI vicAradhArA kriyAnaya che. nayarUpI AdhArasta Mbho apAra heAvAthI vizvanuM pU darzIna-anekAMta paNa niHsIma che. [dRauci. kha'0 2, pR0 170-172] nizcaya ane vyavahAranayanA anya dazanAmAM svIkAra jaina paraMparAmAM nizcaya ane vyavahAranaya prasiddha che. vidvAne jANe che ke A ja navibhAganI AdhArabhUta dRSTinA svIkAra anya darzItAmAM paNa karavAmAM AvyA che. bauddha dana ghaNA prAcIna samayathI paramA ane saMpita, e e dRSTionuM nirUpaNa karatuM AvyuM che. zAMkara vedAMtanI pAramArthika tathA vyAvahArika ke mAyika dRSTi prasiddha che. A rIte jaina-jainetara danAmAM paramAtha ke nizcaya ane saMtRti ke vyavahAradRSTine svIkAra karavAmAM AvyA che, paNa e danAmAM e e dRSTionuM karavAmAM AveluM tattvanirUpaNu sAva judu judu che. joke jainetara badhAMya dazanAmAM nizcayadRSTisa'mata tattvanirUpaNa eka nathI, tApaNu badhAMya mekSalakSI dazanAmAM nizcayadRSTisaMmata AcAra ane cAritra

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218 jainadhama nA prANa to eka ja che--bhale pachI enAM paribhASA, vargIkaraNa vagere judAM hoya. ahIM te jovAnuM e che ke jaina paraparAmAM nizcaya ane vyavahArarUpe je e dRSTio mAnavAmAM AvI che, e tattvajJAna ane AcAra, e anne kSetrone lAgu pADavAmAM AvI che. bIjA badhAMya bhAratIya danAnI jema jaina darzanamAM paNa tattvajJAna ane AcAra e bannene samAveza thAya che. tattvajJAna ane AcAramAM enI bhinnatA jyAre nizcaya ane vyavahAranayanA prayoga tattvajJAna ane AcAra bannemAM thAya che, tyAre sAmAnya rUpe zAstraciMtana karanArane e bheda nathI samajAtA ke tattvajJAnanA kSetramAM karavAmAM AvatA nizcaya ane vyavahArane prayAga AcAranA kSetramAM karavAmAM AvatA evA prayAgathI bhinna che ane bhinna pariNAmanA sUcaka paNa che. tattvajJAnanI nizcayadRSTi ane AcAra sabaMdhI nizcayadRSTi e anne eka nathI. e bannenI vyavahAradRSTinA saMbaMdhamAM paNa ema ja samajavuM. enuM spaSTIkaraNa A pramANe che : tattvalakSI nizcaya ane vyavahArASTa jyAre nizcayadaSTithI tattvanA svarUpanuM pratipAdana karavuM hoya te enI maryAdAmAM phakta e ja vAta AvavI joIe ke jagatanAM mULatattva kayAM che? keTalAM che? ane emanu kSetra-kAla vagerethI nirapekSa svarUpa zuM che? ane jyAre vyavahAradaSTie tattvanirUpaNa karavuM hoya tyAre e ja mULa tattvAnA svarUpanu dravya, kSetra, kALa vagerenI apekSAe pratipAdana karavAmAM Ave che. A rIte ApaNe nizcayadaSTine upayoga karIne jaina danasaMmata tattvAnu svarUpa kahevA chIe te TUMkamAM ema kahI zakIe ke cetana ane acetana evA paraspara atyanta vijAtIya evAM e tattva che. banne ekabIjA upara asara karavAnI

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nayavAda 219 zakti paNa dharAve che. cetanane saMkoca-vistAra dravya, kSetra, kAla vagerenI apekSAe hovAthI e vyavahAradaSTithI siddha che. acetana. pudgalanuM paramANurUpatya ke ekapradezAvagAdhatva, e nizcayadaSTino viSaya che; jyAre enuM skaMdharUpe pariNamavuM athavA potAnA kSetramAM bIjA ananta paramANu ane skaMdhone avakAza Apo e vyavahAradRSTinuM nirUpaNa che. AcAralakSI nizcaya ane vyavahAradaSTi paraMtu AcAralakSI nizcaya ane vyavahAradRSTinuM nirUpaNa judI rIte thAya che. jenA darzana mokSane parama puruSArtha mAnIne e daSTie ja AcAranI goThavaNa kare che. tethI je AcAra sIdhesIdhA mokSalakSI che e ja nizcaya AcAra che. A AcAramAM dRSTibhrama (mithyAdaSTi) ane kASAyika vRttionA nimaeNlIkaraNano ja samAveza thAya che. paNuM vyAvahArika AcAra A ekarUpa nathI. nizcayadaSTinA A cAranI bhUmikAmAMthI niSpanna thayelA evA bhinna bhinna deza, kAla, jAti, svabhAva, ruci vagere pramANe kyAreka kyAreka paraspara viruddha dekhAtA paNa AcAre vyAvahArika AcArakaTImAM gaNAya che. nizcayadaSTinA AcAranI bhUmikAmAM rahela eka ja vyakti aneka prakAranA vyAvahArika AcAramAMthI pasAra thAya che. A rIte ApaNe joIe chIe ke AcAralakSI nizrayadaSTi ke vyavahAradaSTi mukhyatve mekSanI daSTie ja vicAra kare che; jyAre tavanirUpaka nizcaya ke vyavahAraSTi phakta jagatanA svarUpane anulakSIne pravRtta thAya che. ' tavalakSI ane AcAralakSI nizcaya-vyavahAradaSTi vacce bIjuM mahatvanuM aMtara tattvajJAna ane AcAralakSI A bane nayo vacce eka bIjuM paNuM mahatvanuM aMtara che, je dhyAna ApavA jevuM che. nizcayadaSTi

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jainadhama nA prANa 220 saMmata tattvAnuM svarUpa ApaNe badhA sAmAnya jijJAsuo kayAreya pratyakSa karI nathI zakatA. je vyaktie tattvasvarUpanA sAkSAtkAra karyo hAya evI kAI vyaktinA kathana upara zraddA rAkhIne ja ApaNe evA svarUpane mAnIe chIe. paNa AcAranI bAbatamAM evuM nathI. kAI paNa jAgarUka sAdhaka potAnI AMtarika sat-asat vRttione ane enI tIvratA-maMdatAnA tAratamyane sIdhesIdhAM vizeSa pratyakSarUpe jANI zake che; jyAre bIjI vyaktine mATe pahelI vyaktinI vRttio sathA parAkSa che. nizcayadaSTi heAya ke vyavahAradaSTi, tattvajJAnanuM svarUpa te te darzananA badhAya anuyAyIone mATe ekasarakhuM hoya che, tema ja e ekasarakhI paribhASAthI baMdhAyelu hoya che. paNa nizcayadaSTi ane vyavahAradaSTie AcAranuM svarUpa evuM nathI hetuM. pratyeka vyaktine nizcayadRSTinA AcAra ene mATe pratyakSa che. A alpa vivecanathI phakta eTaluM ja sUcita karavAnuM che ke nizcayanaya ane vyavahAranaya, A e zabdo bhale samAna hoya, paNa tattvajJAna ane AcAranA kSetramAM e judI judI daSTie lAgu thAya che, ane ApaNane judAM judAM pariNAmeA tarapha dorI jAya che. jaina ane upaniSadanA tattvajJAnanI nizcayakti vacce bheda nizcayadRSTie jaina tattvajJAnanI bhUmikA upaniSadanA tattvajJAnathI sAva judI che. prAcIna manAtAM badhAM upaniSada sat, asat, AtmA, brahma, avyakta, AkAza vagere bhinna bhinna nAmeAthI jagatanA mULanuM nirUpaNa karIne kevaLa eka ja niSkarSa upara pahoMce che ke jagata jaDa, cetana vagere rUpe game tevu nAnArUpa kema na heAya, paNa enA mULamAM asalI tattva to kevaLa eka ja che; jyAre jaina darzana jagatanA mULamAM kAI eka tattvane svIkAra nathI karatuM; UlaTu paraspara vijAtIya evAM svataMtra e tattvAnA svIkAra karIne, ene AdhAre vizvanI vividhatAnI vyavasthA kare che. cAvIsa tattva mAnanAra

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nayavAda 221 sAMkhyadarzana ane zAMkara vagere vedAMtazAkhAo sivAyanA bhAratIya darzanamAM evuM keI darzana nathI je jagatanA mULarUpe phakta eka ja tatvano svIkAra karatuM hoya. nyAya-vaizeSika heya ke pacIsa tattva mAnanAra sAMkhyoga hoya ke pUrvamImAMsA heya, badhA potapotAnI Dhabe jagatanA mULamAM aneka tattvone svIkAra kare che. ethI ja spaSTa che ke jaina tatvaciMtananI prakRti upaniSadanA tatvaciMtananI prakRtithI. sarvathA bhinna che. [daauciM0 naM. 2, pR. 498-500

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15 saptabhagI saptabhaMgI ane ene AdhAra bhinna bhinna apekSAo, dRSTibiMdu eka ja vastunA je bhinna bhinna dana kulita AdhAre bhagavAdanI racanA thAya che. je e ekabIjAthI sAva virAdhI hAya, evAM dA vacce samanvaya batAvavAnI dRSTie, enA viSayarUpa bhAvAtmaka ane abhAvAtmaka banne azAne laI ne, enA AdhAre je saMbhavita vAkacabhaMgA racavAmAM Ave che, e ja saptabhaMgI che. saptabhaMgIne AdhAra nayavAda che, ane enuM dhyeya samanvaya che, arthAt anekAMtakATInuM vyApaka darzAna karAvavuM e che. jevI rIte kAI paNa pramANathI jANela padArthane bIjAne medha karAvavA moTe parAanumAna arthAt anumAnavAkayanI racanA karavAmAM Ave che, evI ja rIte viruddha zAne samanvaya zrotAne samajAvavAnI dRSTie bhaMga-vAkayanI racanA paNa karavAmAM Ave che. A rIte nayavAda ane bhaMgavAda anekAMtadRSTinA kSetramAM ApApa phalita thaI jAya che. ane manevRttiothI thAya che, ene ja nAnA viSaya kharAkhara [dRauciM. kha0 2, pR0 172]

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saptabhaMgI 223 sAta bhaMge ane enuM mULa (1) bhaMga eTale vastunuM svarUpa darzAvanAra vacananA prakAra arthAta vAkyaracanA. (2) e sAta kahevAya che, chatAM mULa te traNa (1) svAda asti, (2) syAd nAsti ane (3) syAd avaktavya]ja che. bAkInA cAra [ (1) syAd asti-nAsti, (2) syAd asti-avaktavya, (3) syAd nAsti-avaktavya ane (4) syAd asti-nAsti-avaktavya] e traNa mULa bhaMganA pArasparika vividha saMyojanathI thAya che. (3) koI paNa eka vastu vize ke eka ja dharma paratve bhinna bhinna vicArakenI mAnyatAmAM bheda dekhAya che. e bheda virodharUpa che ke nahi ane jo na hoya te dekhAtA virodhamAM avirodha kevI rIte ghaTAvo ? athavA ema kahe ke amuka vivakSita vastu paratve jyAre dharmaviSayaka dRSTibhede dekhAtA hoya tyAre evA bhedano pramANapUrvaka samanvaya karo, ane tema karI badhI sAcI daSTione tenA gya sthAnamAM gaThavI nyAya Apavo e bhAvanAmAM saptabhaMgInuM mULa che. saptabhaMgInuM kArya : virodhane parihAra dAkhalA tarIke eka AmadravyanI bAbatamAM tenA niyatva vize dRSTibheda che. koI AtmAne nitya mAne che te koI nitya mAnavA nA pADe che. koI vaLI ema kahe che ke e tava ja vacana-agocara che. A rIte AtmatatvanI bAbatamAM traNa pakSa prasiddha che. tethI vicAravuM e prApta thAya che ke zuM te nitya ja che ane aniyatva temAM pramANabAdhita che? athavA zuM te anitya ja che ane nityatva emAM pramANabAdhita che? athavA tene nitya ke anitya rUpe na kahetAM avaktavya ja kahevuM e gya che? A traNa vikalpanI parIkSA karatAM traNe sAcA hoya te emane virodha dUra kare ja joIe. jyAM sudhI virodha Ubho rahe tyAM sudhI paraspara viruddha

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jainadhama nA prANa 224 aneka dharmAM eka vastumAM che ema kahI ja na zakAya. tethI vireAdhaparihAra tarapha ja saptabhaMgInI dRSTi pahelavahelI jAya che. te nakkI kare che ke AtmA nitya che, paNa sava dRSTie nahi; mAtra mULa tattvanI dRSTie te nitya che, kAraNa ke katyAre paNa te tattva na hatuM ane pachI utpanna thayuM ema nathI, tema ja kayAreka e tattva mULamAMthI ja nAza pAmaze ema paNa nathI. tethI tattvarUpe e anAdinidhana che ane te ja tenuM niyatva che. Ama chatAM te anitya paNa che, paraMtu enuM anityatva tattvadaSTie na hatAM mAtra avasthAnI dRSTie che. avasthAo te pratisamaye nimittAnusAra badalAtI ja rahe che. jemAM kAMI ne kAMI rUpAMtara thatuM na hoya, jemAM AMtarika ke bAhya nimitta pramANe sUkSma ke sthULa avasthAbheda satata cAlu na heAya evA tattvanI kalpanA ja nathI thaI zakatI. tethI avasthAbheda mAnavA paDe che; ane e ja anityatva che. A rIte AtmA tattvarUpe (sAmAnya rUpe) nitya chatAM, avasthArUpe (vizeSa rUpe ) anitya paNa che, nityatva ane anityatva banne eka ja svarUpe eka vastumAM mAnatAM virAdha Ave; jema ke, tattvarUpe ja AtmA nitya che ema mAnanAra te ja rUpe anitya paNa mAne teA. e ja pramANe AtmA nitya, anitya Adi zabda dvArA te te rUpe pratipAdya chatAM samagra rUpe kAI paNa eka zabdathI kahI zakAya nahi mATe te asamagra rUpe zabdanA viSaya thAya che; chatAM samagra rUpe evA kAI zabdano viSaya nathI thaI zakatA, mATe avaktavya paNa che. A rIte eka niyatvadhane avalaMbI AtmAnA viSayamAM nitya, anitya ane avatavya evA traNa pakSA-bhaMgA vAjabI Thare che. e ja pramANe ekatva, sattva, bhinnatva, abhilASyatva Adi saOsAdhAraNa dharmAM laI kAI paNa vastu vize evA traNa bhaMgA bane, ane te uparathI sAta khate. cetanatva, ghaTatva Adi asAdhAraNa dharmane laIne paNa saptabhaMgI dhaTAvI zakAya. eka vastumAM vyApaka

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saptabhaMgI 225 ke avyApaka jeTajeTalA dharmo hoya te darekane laI tenI bIjI bAju vicArI saptabhaMga ghaTAvI zakAya. prAcIna kALamAM AtmA, zabda Adi padArthomAM niyatva-anityatva, satva-asatva, e bahutva, vyApakatva-avyApaka AdinI bAbatamAM paraspara tadana virodhI vAdo cAlatA. e vAdono samanvaya karavAnI vRttimAMthI bhaMgakalpanA AvI. e bhaMgakalpanAe paNa pAchuM sAMpradAyika vAdanuM rUpa dhAraNa karyuM ane saptabhaMgImAM pariNamana thayuM. sAtathI vadhAre aMge saMbhavatA nathI, mATe ja sAtanI saMkhyA kahI che. mULa traNanI vividha saMyojanA karo ane sAtamAM aMtarbhAva na pAme e bhaMga upajAvI zake te jaina darzana saptabhaMgitano Agraha karI ja na zake. Ane TUMkamAM sAra nIce pramANe - 1. tatkAlIna cAlatA virodhI vAdanuM samIkaraNa karavuM, e bhAvanA saptabhaMgInI preraka che. 2. tema karI vastunA svarUpanI ekasAI karavI ane yathArtha jJAna meLavavuM, e enuM sAdhya che. 3. buddhimAM bhAsatA koI paNa dharma paratve mULamAM traNa ja vikalpa saMbhave che ane game teTalA zAbdika parivartanathI saMkhyA vadhArIe teye sAta ja thaI zake. ja. jeTalA dharme teTalI ja saptabhaMgI che. A vAda anekAMtadRSTino vicAraviSayaka eka purAvo che. AnA dAkhalAo, je zabda AtmA vagere ApyA che, tenuM kAraNa e che ke prAcIna Aya vicArako AtmAno vicAra karatA ane bahu te AgamaprAmANyanI carcAmAM zabdane letA. 5. vaidika Adi darzanemAM, khAsa karI vallabhadarzanamAM, "sarva

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226 jainadharmane prANa dharmasamanvaya" che, te AnuM ja eka rU5 che. zaMkara pote vastune varNave che, chatAM anirvacanIya kahe che. 6. pramANathI bAdhita na hoya evuM badhuM ja saMgharI levAne AnI pAchaLa uddeza che-pachI bhale te viruddha manAtuM hoya. [aciM0 bhAga 2, 50 1062-1014] mahattvanA cAra bhaMgane anyatra maLatA nirdeza saptabhaMgInA sAta bhaMgomAM zarUAtanA cAra ja mahattvanA che, kema ke veda, upaniSada vagere graMthamAM tathA "dIdhanikAya'nA brahmajAla sUtramAM AvA cAra vikalpane chUTochavAye ke ekasAthe nirdeza maLI Ave che. sAta bhaMgamAM je chellA traNa bhaMga che, ene nirdeza koInA pakSarUpe-maMtavyarUpe kyAMya jovAmAM nathI Avyo. tethI zarUAtanA cAra bhaMga ja pitAnI atihAsika bhUmikA dharAve che, ema nakkI thAya che. avaktavya" artha ane keTalIka vicAraNA zarUAtanA cAra bhaMgamAM eka "avaktavya" nAmano bhaMga paNa che. eno artha saMbaMdhamAM kaMIka vicAra karavA jevuM che. AgamayuganA prAraMbhathI "avaktavya" bhaMgano artha evo karavAmAM Ave che ke sata-asat ke nitya-anitya vagere be aMzonuM ekasAthe pratipAdana karI zake evo koI zabda nathI, eTalA mATe AvuM pratipAdana karavAnI IcchA thaI AvatAM vastu "avaktavya" che. paraMtu avakatavya zabdane ItihAsa jotAM kahevuM paDe che ke enI bIjI ane atihAsika vyAkhyA prAcIna zAstromAM che. 1. A sAta bhaMga A pramANe che: (1) syAd asti, (2) syAhu nAsti, (3) syAd asti-nAsti, (4) syAd avaktavya, (5) syAd astiavaktavya (6) svAdunAsti-avaktavya ane (7) syAd asti-nAsti-avaktavya.

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saptabha`gI 227 1 e upaniSadamAM 'cato. vAco nivartate aprApya manasA sadda ukti dvArA brahmanA svarUpane anivacanIya athavA vacanAgAcara kahyuM che, e ja pramANe AcArAMgamAM paNa ' sattve sarA niyaTTa ti, tathaeNdhruLIna vijjai 2 vagere dvArA AtmAnA svarUpane vacanAgecara kahyuM che. mudde paNa aneka vastuone ' avyAkRta 'OM zabda dvArA vacanAgAcara kahI che. * jaina paraparAmAM ' anabhilApya '4 bhAva prasiddha che, je kayAreya vacanagAcara nathI thatA. huM mAnuM chuM ke saptabhaMgImAM ' avaktavya thI je atha levAmAM Ave che, te jUnI vyAkhyAnuM vAdAzrita ane tarka gamya bIjuM rUpa che. saptabhaMgI saMzayAtmaka jJAna tathI * . saptabha'gInI vicAraNA prasaMge eka vAtanA nirdeza karavA jarUrI che. zrI zaMkarAcAye brahmasUtra' 2-2-33nA bhASyamAM saptabhaMgInA saMzayAtmaka jJAna tarIke nirdeza karyAM che. zrI rAmAnujAcAye paNa emanuM ja anusaraNa karyuM che. e to thaI prAcIna khaMDanamaMDanapradhAna sAMpradAyika yuganI vAta; paNa jemAM tulanAtmaka ane vyApaka adhyayana karavAmAM Ave che evA navA yuganA vidvAneAnA A sabadhI vicAre jANavA` joI e. DaoN. e. khI. dhruva, jeo bhAratIya tema ja pAzcAtya tattvajJAnanI badhI zAkhAonA pAradarzI vidvAna hatA--khAsa karIne zAMkara vedAMtanA vizeSa pakSapAtI hatA----teoe peAtAnA jaina ane brAhmaNa pa bhASaNamAM spaSTa kahyuM che ke saptabhaMgI e kaMI saMzayajJAna nathI; e te satyanAM judA judA prakAranAM svarUponuM nidarzana . 1. taittirIya upaniSada 2-4. 2. AcArAMga sU0 170. 3, masjijhamanikAya su0 63. 4. vizeSAvazyakabhASya 141, 489. 5. ApaNA dharma pU0 673,

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jainadhama nA prANa 228 karAvatI eka vicArasaraNI che. zrI naSdAza'kara mahetA, jeo bhAratIya samagra tattvajJAnanI para parAo ane khAsa karIne veda-vedAMtanI paraparAonA asAdhAraNa maulika vidvAna hatA, ane jeoe ' hiMda tattvajJAnane tihAsa ' vagere aneka abhyAsapUrNa pustakA lakhyAM che, teoe paNa ( pR. 213-219) saptabhaMgInuM nirUpaNa bilakula asAMpradAyika dRSTie kayu che, je vAMcavA jevuM che. sara sarvapallI rAdhAkRSNana,1 DaoN. dAsaguptA vagere tattvaciMtakAe paNa saptabhaMgInuM nirUpaNa jaina dRSTibiMdune barAbara samajIne ja karyuM che, [dRociM., khaM. 2, pU0 503-504] 1. inDiyana philosophI va. 1, pR0 302. 2. e hisTarI Apha inDiyana philasArI vo. 1, pR0 179.

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16 brahma ane sama bhAratIya tattvavicArane saMbadha che tyAM lagI ema kahI zakAya ke e tattvavicAranAM udgamasthAne be judAM judAM cheH eka che svAtmA, ane khIjuM che prakRti. arthAt paheluM AMtara ane khIjAM bAhya. samatAnuM preraka tattva 'sama' kAI ajJAta kALamAM manuSya potAnI jAta vize vicAra karavA prerAye : huM pote zuM chuM? kevA hyuM? ane khIjA jIvA sAthe mArA zA sabadha che?-evA prazno ene udbhavyA. AneA uttara meLavavA te aMtarmukha thaye| ane ene pAtAnA sAdhanane pariNAme jaNAyuM ke huM eka sacetana tattva cheM ane bIjA prANIvamAM paNa evI ja cetanA che. A vicAre tene potAnI jAta ane khIjA prANIvaga vacce samatAnuM darzana karAvyuM. e danamAMthI samabhAvanA vividha arthI ane tenI bhUmikAo tattvavicAramAM rajU thayAM. buddhinA A vaheNane sama tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. brahma' ane tenA vividha a buddhinuM khIjuM prabhavasthAna bAhya prakRti che, jeo vizvaprakRtinI vividha khAjuo, ghaTanAo ane tenAM preraka baLa tarapha AkarSAyA hatA, temane emAMthI kavitvanI, kaho ke kavitvamaya ciMtananI, bhUmikA lAdhI. dA. ta., RgvedanA je kavie uSAnA ullAsapreraka ane rezamAM

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230 jainadharmane prANa cakArI darzananuM saMvedana jhIlyuM, teNe uSAne eka raktastrA taruNarUpe uSAsUktamAM gAI. samudranAM UchaLatA taraMgo ane tephAne vacce naukAyAtrA karatAM aDadanA je kavine samudranA adhiSThAyaka varuNanuM rakSaNahAra tarIke smaraNa thaI AvyuM, teNe varuNasUktamAM e varuNadevane pitAnA sarvazaktimAna rakSaNahAra lekhe stavya. jene agninI javALAo ane prakAzaka zaktionuM romAMcaka saMvedana thayuM teNe agninAM sUko racyAM. jene gADha aMdhakAravALI rAtrinuM mAMcaka saMvedana thayuM teNe rAtri racyuM. e ja rIte vApha, kuMbha, kALa Adi sukatA vize kahI zakAya. prakRtinAM e judAM judAM pAsAM hoya ke temAM koI divya so hoya, agara e badhAM pAchaLa koI eka ja paramagUDha tattva hoya, paNa A judA judA kavioe karelI prArthanAo, dazyamAna prakRtinA koI ne koI pratIkane AzrIne udbhavI che. AvI judAM judAM pratIkone sparzatI prArthanAo brahma rUpe oLakhAvAtI. brahmanA A prAthamika arthamAMthI krame krame aneka arthe phalita thayA. je yajJomAM A sUktone viniyoga thato te paNa brahma kahevAyA. tenA nirUpaka graMtho ane vidhividhAna karanAra purohite paNa brahma, brahmA ke brAhmaNa tarIke vyavahArAyA. ane prAcIna kALamAM ja prakRtinAM e vividha pAsAMo ke divya sa, e badhAne eka ja tasvarUpe paNa oLakhAvavAmAM AvyAM. ane kadanA prathama maMDaLamAM ja spaSTa darzAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke, indra, mitra, varuNa, agni yAdi judAM judAM nAmothI je stavAya ane gavAya che te to chevaTe eka ja tattva che ane te tattva eTale satta. Ama prakRtinAM aneka pratIka chevaTe eka satarUpa parama tattvamAM vizrAma pAmyAM ane e vicAra aneka rIte AgaLa vikasatA ane vistarato gayo. zramaNa ane brAhmaNa vicAradhArAnI eka bhUmikA samabhAvanA upAsake mana ke samaga kahevAyA. saMskRtamAM enuM zamana ane evuM rUpAMtara thayuM che. paNa sama zabda saMskRta ja

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brahma ane sama 231 heI tenuM saMskRtamAM samana evuM rUpa bane che. zreDhAnanA upAsake ane ciMtake brAhmaNa kahevAyA. pahele varga mukhyapaNe AtmalakSI rahyo; bIjo varga vizvaprakRtimAMthI preraNA pAmele ane tenAM ja pratIka dvArA sUkSmatama tatva sudhI pahoMcele, tethI mukhyapaNe prakRtilakSI rahyo. A rIte banne varganI buddhinuM Adya preraka sthAna juduM juduM hatuM, paNa bane varganI buddhinAM vaheNo te kaI aMtima satya bhaNuM ja vadhe jatAM hatAM. vacalA aneka gALAomAM A banne vaheNanI dizA phaMTAtI ke phaMTAyA jevI lAgatI. kyAreka emAM saMgharSa paNa janmato. paNa mane AtmalakSI pravAha chevaTe samagra vizvamAM cetanatattva che, ane evuM tattva badhA dehadhArIomAM svabhAve samAna ja che e sthApanAmAM viro. tethI ja teNe pRthvI, pANI ane vanaspati sudhdhAMmAM cetanatattva nihALyuM ane anubhavyuM. bIjI bAju prakRtilakSI bIje vicArapravAha vizvanAM aneka bAhya pAsAMone sparzate sparzata aMtara tarapha vaLyo ane eNe upaniSadakALamAM e spaSTapaNe sthApyuM ke je akhila vizvanA mULamAM eka vAta ke vrahma tatva che, te ja dehadhArI jIvavyaktimAM paNa che. Ama pahelA pravAhamAM vyaktigata ciMtana samagra vizvanA samabhAvamAM pariNamyuM ane tene AdhAre jIvanane AcAramArga paNa goThavAyo. bIjI bAju vizvanA mULamAM dekhAyeluM parama tattva te ja vyaktigata jIva che, jIvavyakti e parama tattvathI bhinna che ja nahIM, evuM advaita paNa sthapAyuM. ane e advaitane AdhAre ja aneka AcAronI janA paNa thaI. gaMgA ane brahmaputrAnAM prabhavasthAno judAM judAM, paNa chevaTe te banne pravAho eka ja mahAsamudramAM maLe che, te ja pramANe AtmalakSI ane prakRtilakSI banne vicAranI dhArAo aMte eka ja bhUmikA upara AvI maLI. bheda dekhAto hoya te te mAtra zAbdika, ane bahu bahu to vacalA gALAmAM saMgharSane pariNAme utpanna thayelA saMskArone kAraNe.

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232 jainadharmane prANa zAzvata virodha chatAM ekatAnI preraka paramAthadaSTi e kharuM che ke samAjamAM, zAstromAM ane zilAlekha AdimAM paNa graho ane samanI AsapAsa pravartelA vicAra ane AcAranA bhede ke virodhanI neMdha che; ApaNe bauddha piTake, jaina Agama ane azokanA zilAlekhe, tema ja bIjA aneka graMthomAM brAhmaNa ane zramaNa, e be vargone ullekha joIe chIe. mahAbhASyakAra pataMjalie A banne vargone zAzvata virodharUpe paNa nirdezyA che. Ama chatAM, upara kahevAmAM AvyuM che tema, e banne pravAha potapotAnI rIte eka ja parama tatvane sparze che, evuM pratipAdana karavAmAM Ave te e kaI dRSTie ? A praznano khulAso karyA vinA tatvajijJAsA saMtoSAya nahIM. e dRSTi te paramArthanI. paramArthadaSTi kuLa, jAti, vaMza, bhASA, kriyAkAMDa ane veza AdinA bhedane atikramI vastunA mULagata svarUpane nihALe che, eTale te saheje abheda ke samatA bhaNI ja vaLe che. vyavahAramAM UbhA thayelA bheda ane vire saMpradAyo tema ja tenA anugAmIomAM pravartelA, ane kyAreka temAMthI saMgharSa paNa janmele. e saMgharSanA sUcaka brAhmaNa-zramaNa vargonA bhedonI noMdha te sacavAI paNa enI sAthe sAthe paramArthadaSTine pAmela evA prAjJa puruSoe je ekya joyuM ke anubhavyuM tenI noMdha paNa aneka paraMparAnAM aneka zAstromAM sacavAI che. jaina Agame, ke jemAM brAhmaNa ane zramaNa vargonA bhedane nirdeza che, temAM ja sAcA brAhmaNa ane sAcA zramaNanuM samIkaraNa jovA maLe che. bauddha piTakamAM paNa evuM ja samIkaraNa che. mahAbhAratamAM vyAse sthaLe sthaLe sAcA brAhmaNanI vyAkhyA sAcA zramaNa rUpe ja ApI che. vanaparvamAM ajagararUpe avatarela nahuSe sAce brAhmaNa kANu, evo prazna yudhiSThirane pUchaLyo che. uttaramAM yudhiSThiranA mukhe maharSi vyAse kahyuM che ke dareka janma lenAra saMkara prajA che. manunA zabdo TAMkI vyAse samarthana karyuM che ke prajAmAtra saMkara janmA

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brA ane sama 233 che, ane saTTaravALe zUdra e janmabrAhmaNathI paNa caDiyAta che. vyaktimAM saccaritra ane prajJA hoya tyAre ja te sAce brAhmaNa bane che. A thaI paramArthadaSTi. gItAmAM trahma padane anekadhA ullekha Ave che. sAthe ja sama pada paNa ucca arthamAM maLe che. uditA samarinaH e vAkya te bahu jANItuM che. suttanipAta nAmanA bauddha graMthamAM eka paramasutta che, temAM bhArapUrvaka kahyuM che ke bIjA UtaratA ke beTA, ane huM zreSTha, e paramArthadaSTi nathI. gaMgA ane brahmaputrAnAM prabhavasthAne judAM, paNa temanuM milanasthAna eka. Ama chatAM banne mahAnadIonA paTa judA, kinArAnI vasatIo judI, bhASA ane AcAra paNa judAM. A judAImAM ja racyApacyA rahenArAo milanasthAnanI ekatAne joI nathI zakatA. tema chatAM e ekatA to sAcI ja che. e ja rIte bhinna bhinna prabhavasthAnathI udbhavela vicArapravAho bhinna bhinna rIte poSAvAne lIdhe, enA sthaLa AvaraNamAM rAcatA anugAmIo ane pravAhanuM samIkaraNa joI nathI zakatA, paNa e tathya abAdhita che. ene jenAra pratibhAvAna puruSo samaye samaye avataratA ja rahyA che, ane te badhI ja paraMparAomAM. samatva e mudrAlekha hovA chatAM jaina ane bauddha jevI zramaNaparaMparAomAM brahmacarya ane brahmavihAra zabdo eTalA badhA pracalita thayA che ke tene e paraMparAothI chUTA pADI zakAya tema che ja nahIM. e ja rIte brahma tatvano mudrAlekha dharAvanAra vargamAM paNa "sama pada evI rIte ekarasa thayuM che ke tene brahmabhAvathI ke brAhmI sthitithI vikhUTuM pADI zakAya tema che ja nahIM. prAcIna kALathI ja cAlI AvatI A paramArthadaSTi uttara kALamAM paNa kALajIpUrvaka pilAtI rahI che. tethI ja janme brAhmaNa paNa saMpradAye bauddha evA vasubaMdhue abhidhamakeSamAM spaSTa kahyuM ke AmaLya

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jainadharmanA prANa 234 amo mArga: trAsabyameva tat / enA jyeSTha badhu asage paNa evI matalabanI sucanA kacAMka karI che. paramAdaSTinI A para'parA sAMpradAyika gaNAya evA narasiMha mahetAmAM vyakta thaI che. AkhA vizvamAM eka tattvarUpe emaNe harinuM kIrtana karyuM ane pachI e harinA bhakta vaiSNavajananA eka lakSaNarUpe 'samaSTi ne tRSNAtyAgI' ema paNa kahyuM. e ja rIte sAMpradAyika manAtA upAdhyAya yajJAvijayajIe paNa kahyuM ke samatva prApta karavuM e ja brahmapadanI prApti che. chelle A paramArtha ane vyavahAradaSTine bheda, tema ja paramAMdRSTinI yathAtA DaoN. e. bI. dhruve paNa darzAvI che. eka brAhmaNInA hAthanu bhAjana temaNe na svIkAryuM. tyAre temaNe kahyuM ke A to mArA eka kuTuMbagata nAgara saMskAra che, enuM vAstavikatva huM tasiddha mAnatA ja nathI; mAtra saMskArane anusaru' chuM, eTaluM ja. kharI dRSTi emaNe khIje sthaLe nirdezI che. jaina Agama sUtrakRtAMganI prastAvanA lakhatAM temaNe kahyuM che: " jaina ( zramaNa ) thayA vinA 'brAhmaNa ' thavAtuM nathI, ane ' brAhmaNa ' thayA vinA ' jaina " thavAtuM nathI. tAtparya ke jaina dharmanuM tattva dandriyAne ane manevRttione jItavAmAM che, ane brAhmaNa dharmanuM tattva vizvanI vizALatA AtmAmAM utAravAmAM che.'' ' ' 2 ATalA saMkSepa uparathI ApaNe eTaluM pAmI zakIe chIe ke buddhi chevaTe eka ja satyamAM virame che ane sAthe e paNa samajI zakIe chIe ke vyavahAranA game teTalA bheda ane virAdhA astitvamAM hoya chatAM paramAdiSTa kadI lApAtI nathI. [ gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanA sane 1959nA ekaTakharamAM. amadAvAdamAM bharAyela adhivezananA tattvajJAna vibhAganA pramukha tarIke Apela bhASaNamAMthI

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17 cAra saMsthAo [1] saMghasaMsthA : caturvidha saMgha bhagavAna mahAvIre jyAre varNabaMdhanano cheda uDADI mUkyo tyAre tyAganA dRSTibiMdu upara pitAnI saMsthAnA vargo pADyA. mukhya be varga : eka gharabAra ane kuTuMbakabIlA vinAne pharato anagAra varga ane bIje kuTuMbakabIlAmAM rAcanAra sthAnabaddha agArI varga. pahelo varga pUrNa tyAgI. emAM strI ane pujya bane Ave, ane te sAdhu-sAdhvI kahevAya. bIjo varga pUrNa tyAgano umedavAra. emAM paNa strI ane puruSa bane Ave, ane te zrAvakazrAvikA kahevAya. A rIte caturvidha saMghavyavasthA-athavA brAhmaNapaMthanA prAcIna zabdane navesara upayoga karIe te caturvidha varNana vyavasthA-zarU thaI. sAdhusaMdhanI vyavasthA sAdhuo kare. enA niyamo. e saMghamAM atyAre paNa che, ane zAstramAM paNa bahu suMdara ane vyavasthita rIte mukAyelA che. sAdhusaMdha upara zrAvakasaMghano aMkuza nathI ema koI na samaje. pratyeka nivirvAda sAruM kArya karavA sAdhusaMdha svataMtra ja che, paNa kyAMya bhUla dekhAya athavA te matabheda hoya athavA te sArA kAryamAM paNa khAsa madadanI apekSA hoya tyAM sAdhusaMghe pite jAte ja zrAvakasaMdhano aMkuza pitAnI IcchAthI ja svIkAryo che. e ja rIte zrAvakasaMghanuM baMdhAraNa ghaNI rIte juduM hevA chatAM te sAdhusaMdhane aMkuza svIkArato ja Avyo che. A

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236 jainadharmane prANa rIte parasparanA sahakArathI e bane saMghe ekaMdara hitakArya ja karatA AvyA che. [aciM0 bhA1, pR. 377-378] [2] sAdhusaMsthA AjanI sAdhusaMsthA bhagavAna mahAvIrane te AbhArI che, paNa e saMsthA te ethIye jUnI che. bhagavatI jevA AgamamAM ane bIjA jUnA graMthamAM pArthApatya eTale pArzvanAthanA ziSyonI vAta Ave che. temAMnA keTalAka bhagavAna pAse jatAM khacakAya che, keTalAka temane dharmavirodhI samajI pajave che, keTalAka bhagavAnane harAvavA ke temanI parIkSA karavA khAtara tarehatarehanAM prazno kare che, paNa chevaTe e pArthApatyanI paraMparA bhagavAna mahAvIranI ziSya paraMparAmAM kAM to samAI jAya che ane kAM te temane keTalAka saDele bhAga ApaApa kharI jAya che. ane ekaMdara pAche bhagavAnane sAdhusaMdha nave rUpe ja Ubho thAya che, te eka saMsthAnA rUpamAM goThavAI jAya che. DahApaNa bhareluM baMdhAraNa tenA raheNukaraNanA, arasaparasanA vahevAranA ane kartavyonA niyamo ghaDAya che. e niyamanA pAlana mATe ane emAM koI bhaMga kare te ene zAsana karavA mATe suvyavasthita rAjataMtranI peThe e sAdhusaMsthAnA taMtramAM paNa niyama ghaDAya che; nAnAmoTA adhikArIo nibhAya che. e badhAnAM kAmonI maryAdA aMkAya che. saMghasthavira, gacchasthavira, AcArya, upAcArya, pravartaka, gaNu vagerenI maryAdAo, arasaparasanA vyavahAre, kAmanA vibhAge, ekabIjAnI takarAranA pheMsalAo, ekabIjA gacchanI aMdara ke ekabIjA gurunI pAse javA-AvavAnA, zIkhavAnA, AhAra vagerenA niyamonuM je varNana chedamAM maLe che, te joI sAdhusaMsthAnA baMdhAraNa paranA AcAryonA DahApaNa vize mAna utpanna thayA vinA rahetuM nathI. eTaluM ja nahi, paNa Aja

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cAra saMsthAo 237 kaI paNa mahatI saMsthAne pitAnuM baMdhAraNa bAMdhavA athavA vizALa karavA mATe e sAdhusaMsthAnA baMdhAraNane abhyAsa bahu ja madadagAra thaI paDe tema mane spaSTa lAgyuM che. bhikSuNIsaMgha ane tenI bauddhasaMgha upara asara ' A dezanA cAre khUNAmAM sAdhusaMsthA phelAI gaI hatI. bhagavAnanA astitva daramiyAna cauda hajAra bhikSu ane chatrIsa hajAra bhikSuNIo hevAnuM kathana che. temanA nirvANa pachI e sAdhusaMsthAmAM keTale umero thayo ke keTale ghaTADe thayo tenI cokkasa vigata ApaNI pAse nathI, chatAM ema lAge che ke bhagavAna pachInI amuka sadIo. sudhI te e saMsthAmAM ghaTADe nahotA ja thaye, kadAca vadhAro thayo haze. sAdhusaMsthAmAM strIone sthAna kAMI bhagavAna mahAvIre ja pahelAM nathI ApyuM. temane pahelAMya bhikSuNuo jaina sAdhusaMdhamAM hatI ane bIja parivrAjaka paMthamAM paNa hatI, chatAM paNa eTaluM te kharuM ja ke bhagavAna mahAvIre pitAnA sAdhusaMghamAM strIone khUba avakAza Ape ane enI vyavasthA vadhAre majabUta karI. enuM pariNAma bauddha sAdhusaMdha upara paNa thayuM. buddha bhagavAna sAdhusaMdhamAM strIone sthAna ApavA icchatA na hatA, paNa temane chevaTe sAdhusaMsthAmAM strIone sthAna ApavuM paDayuM. A temanA parivartanamAM jaina sAdhusaMsthAnI kAMIka asara avazya che ema vicAra karatAM lAge che. sAdhunuM dayeya : jIvanazuddhi - sAdhu eTale sAdhaka. sAdhaka eTale amuka dhyeyanI siddhi mATe sAdhanA karanAra, te dhyeyano umedavAra. jaina sAdhuonuM dhyeya mukhyapaNe te jIvanazuddhi ja nakkI karavAmAM AveluM che. jIvanane zuddha karavuM eTale tenAM baMdhano, tenAM maLe, tenA vikSepa ane tenI saMkucitatAo TALavI. bhagavAne pitAnA jIvana mAraphata samajadArane evo padArthapATha zIkhavyo che ke jyAM sudhI pote potAnuM jIvana aMtarmukha

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jainadharmonA prANa 238 thaI tapAsI na le, zeAdhI na le, pote vicAra ane vanamAM sthira na thAya, pote potAnA dhyeya paratve spaSTa bhAna kare tyAM sudhI te bIjAne zI rIte derI zake? khAsa karI AdhyAtmika jIvana jevI mahattvanI bAbatamAM jo kAInI dAravaNI karavAnI hoya tA pahelAM eTale ke bIjAnA upadezaka athavA guru thayA pahelAM peAtAnI jAtane e bAbatamAM khUba taiyAra karI levI joIe. e taiyArIne samaya e ja sAdhanAne samaya. AvI sAdhanA mATe ekAMta jagyA, snehIo ane bIjA leAkeAthI alagapaNuM, kAI paNa sAmAjika ke bIjI khaTapaTamAM mAthuM na mAravApaNu, amuka prakAranA khAnapAnanA ane raheNIkaraNInA niyamA--e badhuM yAjAyeluM hatuM. sthAnAMtara ane leAkApakAra e saMsthAmAM evA asAdhAraNa puruSo pAkayA che ke jemanI aMtardaSTi ane sUkSma vicAraNA kAyama hatI, keTalAka evA paNa thaI gayA che ke jemanI bahirdaSTi te hatI chatAM aMtardaSTi paNa cukAI na hatI. keTalAka evA paNa thaI gayA che ke jemanAmAM aMtadRSTi nahivat athavA tadna gauNa thaI hatI ane bahirdaSTi ja mukhya thaI gaI hatI. game tema hA, chatAM eka bAju samAja ane kuLadharma tarIke jainapaNAnA vistAra thatA gayA ane e samAjamAMthI ja sAdhuo thaI saMsthAmAM dAkhala thatA gayA, ane bIjI bAju sAdhuonuM vasatisthAna paNa dhIre dhIre badalAtuM cAlyuM. jaMgalA, TekarIo ane zaheranI bahAranA bhAgamAMthI sAdhugaNu lAkavasatimAM AvatA gayA. sAdhusaMsthAe janasamudAyamAM sthAna laI anicchAe lAkasaMsaga nita keTalAka dASA svIkAryA hAya, teA tenI sAthe ja te saMsthAe leAkeAmAM keTalAka potAnA khAsa guNo paNa dAkhala karyAM che, ane tema karavAnA bhagIratha prayatna karyAM che. je keTalAka tyAgIo mAtra aMtardaSTivALA hatA ane jemaNe potAnA jIvanamAM AdhyAtmika

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cAra saMsthAo 239 zAMti sAdhI hatI, evAonA zubha ane zuddha kRtyanI neMdha to emanI sAthe ja gaI, kAraNa ke emane pitAnA jIvananI yAdI bIjAone seMpavAnI kazI paDI ja na hatI; paNa jeoe, aMtardaSTi hevA chatAM ke na hovA chatAM agara ochIvattI hovA chatAM, leka kAryamAM pitAnA prayatnano phALo Apela hate enI noMdha ApaNI sAme vajalipimAM lakhAyelI che-ekavAranA mAMsajI ane madyapAthI janasamAjamAM je mAMsa ane magha taraphanI aruci athavA tenA sevanamAM adharmabuddhi utpanna thaI che, tenuM zreya kAMI sAdhusaMsthAne bhAge ochuM nathI. sAdhusaMsthAnuM rAtadivasa eka kAma te cAlyA ja karatuM ke teo jyAM jAya tyAM sAta vyasananA tyAgane zabdathI ane jIvanathI padArthapATha zIkhave. mAMsano tiraskAra, dArUnI ghaNuM ane vyabhicAranI apratiSThA tema ja brahmacaryanuM bahumAna-ATaluM vAtAvaraNa lekamAnasamAM utAravAmAM jaina sAdhusaMsthAne asAdhAraNa phALe che enI keI nA pADI zake nahi. [daaciM0 bhA1, pR. 412-416] [3] tIrthasaMsthA jyAM dhArmika AtmAono kAMI paNa saMbaMdha rahyo hoya, agara jyAM kudaratI suMdaratA hoya athavA e bemAMthI eke na hoya chatAM jyAM koI paisAdAre puSkaLa nANuM kharacI imAratanI, sthApatyanI, mUrtinI ke evI kAMI vizeSatA ANI hoya tyAM ghaNebhAge tIrtha UbhAM thaI jAya che. gAma ane zahere uparAMta samudrataTa, nadIkAMThA, bIjAM jaLAzo ane nAnAmoTA pahADe e ja meTebhAge tIrtha tarIke prasiddha che. jaina tIrtho jaLAzaya pAse nathI AvyAM ema to nathI ja, suMdara tIrthe gaMgA jevI mahatI nadIne kinAre ane bIjA jaLAzaya pAse AvelAM che. tema chatAM sthAna paratve jaina tIrthonI khAsa vizeSatA pahADonI pasaMdagImAM che. pUrva hiMdustAna ke pazcima hiMdustAna, dakSiNa

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240 jainadharmane prANa hiMdustAna ke uttara hiMdustAna-jyAM jAo tyAM jenAM pradhAna tIrtho TekarIo ane pahADonI upara ja AvelAM che. mAtra vetAMbara saMpradAya ja nahi paNa digaMbara saMpradAya sudhdhAMnI sthAna paratve khAsa pasaMdagI pahADanI ja che. jyAM zvetAMbarone jarA paNa saMbaMdha nathI, avarajavara nathI evAM keTalAka khAsa digaMbaronAM tIrthe dakSiNa hiMdustAnamAM che, ane te paNa pahADI bhAgamAM AvelAM che. A uparathI eTaluM ja phalita thAya che ke tIrthanA prANabhUta saMtapuruSonuM mana kevAM kevAM sthAnomAM vadhAre lAgatuM, ane teo kaI jAtanAM sthAne pasaMda karatA. vaLI bhaktavarga ho ke manuSyamAtra ho, temane ekAMta ane kudaratI suMdaratA kevI game che e paNa e tIrthasthAnA vikAsa uparathI jANI zakAya che. game teTaluM bhogamaya ane dhamAliyuM jIvana gALyA pachI paNa chevaTe, athavA vacce vacce kyAreka kyAreka, mANasa ArAma ane AnaMda mATe kayAM ane kevAM sthAna tarapha dRSTi doDAve che e ApaNe tIrthasthAnanI pasaMdagI uparathI jANuM zakIe chIe. tIrthonA vikAsamAM mUrti pracArano vikAsa che ane mUrtipracAranI sAthe ja mUrti nirmANakaLA tema ja sthApatyakaLA saMkaLAyelAM che. ApaNuM dezanA sthApatyamAM je vizeSatAo ane je mohakatAo che te tIrthasthAno ane mUrtipUjAne ja mukhyapaNe AbhArI che. bhegasthAnamAM sthApatya AvyuM che kharuM, paNa tenuM mULa dharmasthAne ane tIrthasthAnamAM ja che. devadravyanA rakSaNanI suMdara vyavasthA jenenA tIrtho e kAMI be-pAMca ke daza nathI paNa seMkaDonI saMkhyAmAM, ane te paNa dezanA koI eka ja bhAgamAM nahi, paraMtu jyAM jAo tyAM cAretarapha maLI Ave che. e ja eka vakhatanA jaina samAjanA vistArane purAvo che. jaina tIrthonI khAsa eka saMsthA ja che. gharamaMdira ane tadana khAnagI mAlikInAM maMdirane bAjue mUkIe tepaNu jenA upara nAnAmoTA saMdhanI mAlikI heya, dekharekha heya

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cAra saMsthAo 241 evAM saMdhamAlikInAM maMdironA nAnAmoTA bhaMDAra hoya che. e bhaMDAromAM nANunuM khAsuM bhaMDoLa hoya che, je devadravya kahevAya che. emAM zaMkA nathI ke A devadravya ekaThuM karavAmAM, tenI sArasaMbhALa rAkhavAmAM ane te bharakhAI na jAya te mATe cAMpatA ilAje levAmAM jaina saMghe khUba cAturI ane ImAnadArI vAparI che. hiMdustAnamAMnA bIjA kaI saMpradAyanA devadravyamAM jaina saMpradAyanA devadravya jeTalI cekhavaTa tame bhAgye ja joze. e ja rIte devadravya enA uddeza sivAya bIje kyAMya kharcAya nahi, veDaphAya nahi ane koI ene pacAvI na jAya e mATe paNa jaina saMghe eka naitika ane vyAvahArika suMdara vAtAvaraNa UbhuM karyuM che. jANavA jevI bAbate tIrthasaMsthA sAthe mUrtine, maMdirano, bhaMDArane ane saMdha nIkaLavAno, e cAra bhAre moraMjaka ane mahattvanA ItihAsa che. lAkaDA, dhAtu ane paththare mUrti ane maMdiramAM kevI kevI rIte, kayA kayA jamAnAmAM, ke kevo bhAga bhajavya, eka pachI bIjI avasthA kevI kevI rIte AvatI gaI, bhaMDAromAM avyavasthA ane garabaDa kevI rIte AvyAM ane tenI jagyAe pAchI vyavasthA ane niyaMtraNa kevI rIte zarU thayAM, najIkanAM ane dUranAM tIrthomAM hajAro ane lAkho mANasanA saMdhe yAtrAe kevI rIte jatA ane enI sAthe e zuM zuM kAma karatA-e badho itihAsa bhAre jANavA jevo che. - tyAga, zAMti ane viveka keLavavAnI preraNAmAMthI ja ApaNe tIrtho UbhAM karyA che ane tyAM javAno tathA tenI pAchaLa zakti, saMpatti ane samaya kharcavAne ApaNe uddeza paNa e ja che. [ aciM- bhA. 1, pR. 405-408] [4] jJAna saMsthA-jJAna bhaMDAra jyAM mAnavajAta che tyAM jJAnane Adara sahaja hoya ja che, FOT "

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242 jainadharmane prANa ane hiMdustAnamAM te jJAnanI pratiSThA hajAro varSathI cAlI Ave che. brAhmaNa ane zramaNa saMpradAyanI gaMgA-yamunAnI dhArAo mAtra vizALa jJAnanA paTa upara ja vahetI AvI che, ane vahe jAya che. bhagavAna mahAvIranuM tapa eTale bIjuM kAMI ja nahi, paNa jJAnanI UMDI zodha. je zodha mATe emaNe tana tevuM, rAtadivasa na gaNyAM ane temanI je UMDI zodha jANavA-sAMbhaLavA hajAre mANasonI medanI temanI sAme UbharAtI, te zedha e ja jJAna, ane enA upara ja bhagavAnanA paMthanuM maMDANa che. jJAna ane tenAM sAdhanene mahimA e jJAne mRta ane Agama nAma dhAraNa karyuM. emAM umero paNa thayo ane spaSTatAo paNa thatI cAlI. jema jema e mRta ane AgamanA mAnasarovarane kinAre jijJAsu haMso vadhAre ane vadhAre AvatA gayA tema tema e jJAnano mahimA vadhate cAlyo. e mahimAnI sAthe ja e jJAnane mUrta karanAra enAM sthaLa sAdhanone paNa mahimA vadhato cAlyo. sIdhI rIte jJAna sAcavavAmAM madada karanAra pustaka pAnAM ja nahi, paNa tenA kAmamAM AvanAra tADapatra, lekhaNa, zAhIne paNa jJAnanA jeTalo ja Adara thavA lAge. eTaluM ja nahi, paNa e pithIpAnAnAM baMdhano, tene rAkhavA mUkavA ane bAMdhavAnAM upakaraNe paNa bahu ja sakArAvA lAgyAM. jJAna ApavA ane meLavavAmAM jeTaluM puNyakArya, teTaluM ja jJAnanAM dhULa upakaraNane ApavA ane levAmAM puNyakArya manAvA lAgyuM. jJAnabhaMDArenI sthApanA ane tene vikAsa eka bAju zAstrasaMgraha ane lakhANane vadhato jate mahimA ane bIjI bAju saMpradAyonI jJAna viSenI harIphAIo-A be kAraNone lIdhe pahelAMnI ekavAranI meDhe cAlI AvatI jJAnasaMsthA AkhI ja pheravAI gaI ane moTA moTA bhaMDArarUpamAM dekhA devA lAgI.

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cAra saMsthAo 243 dareka gAma ane zaheranA saMdhane ema lAge ja ke amAre tyAM jJAnabhaMDAra he ja joIe. dareka tyAgI sAdhu paNa jJAnabhaMDAranI rakSA ane vRddhimAM ja dharmanI rakSA mAnato thaI gayo. pariNAme AkhA dezamAM, eka cheDethI bIjA cheDA sudhI, jaina jJAnasaMsthA bhaMDArarUpe vyavasthita thaI gaI. bhaMDAro pustakothI UbharAtA cAlyA. pustakomAM paNa vividha viSayonuM ane vividha saMpradAyanuM jJAna saMgharAtuM gayuM. saMdhanA bhaMDAre, sAdhunA bhaMDAro ane vyaktigata mAlikInA paNa bhaMDAro--ema bhagavAnanA zAsanamAM bhaMDAra, bhaMDAra ane bhaMDAra ja thaI gayA ! enI sAthe ja moTo lekhakavarga Ubho thayo, lekhanakaLA vikAsa pAmI ane abhyAsIvarga paNa bhAre vadhyo. chApavAnI kaLA ahIM AvI na hatI tyAre paNa koI eka navo graMtha racAyo ke tarata ja tenI seMkaDo nakale thaI jatI ane dezanA badhe khUNe vidvAnomAM vahecAI jatI. A rIte jaina saMpradAyamAM jJAnasaMsthAnI gaMgA avicchinnapaNe vahetI AvI che. jJAna taraphanI jIvatI jaina bhaktine pariNAme Aje paNa e bhaMDAro eTalA badhA che ane emAM eTaluM badhuM vividha tema ja jUnuM sAhitya che ke teno abhyAsa karavA mATe vidvAne paNa ochA paDe che. paradezanA ane A dezanA keDIbaMdha zodhaka ane vidvAnoe A bhaMDAranI pAchaLa varSo gALyAM che ane emAMnI vastu tathA eno prAcIna rakSAprabaMdha joI teo cakita thayA che. brAhmaNa ane jaina bhaMDAre vacce phera brAhmaNa saMpradAyanA ane jaina saMpradAyanA bhaMDAro vacce eka phera che, ane te e ke brAhmaNanA bhaMDAro vyaktinI mAlikInA hoya che, jyAre jaina bhaMDAre bahudhA saMghanI mAlikInA ja hoya che, ane kvacita vyaktinI mAlikInA hoya tyAM paNa tene sadupayoga karavA mATe te vyakti mAlika che, ane durupayoga thato hoya tyAM moTebhAge saMghanI ja sattA AvIne UbhI rahe che. brAhmaNe Aso mahinAmAM ja pustake

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jainadhama nA prANa 244 mAMthI ceAmAsAne bheja uDAvavA ane pustakAnI sArasaMbhALa levA traNa divasanu` sarasvatIzayana nAmanu parva Ujave che; jyAre jene kArtika zudI paMcamIne jJAnapaMcamI kahI te vakhate pustakA ane bhaMDArAne pUje che, ane e nimitte cAmAsAmAMthI saMbhavatA bagADa bhaDArAmAMthI dUra kare che. A rIte jaina jJAnasaMsthA, je ekavAra mAtra maukhika hatI te, aneka pheraphAra pAmatI pAmatI, ane ghaTADeAvadhArA ane aneka vividhatA anubhavatI anubhavatI Aje mUrUpe ApaNI sAme che. [dRci bhA0 1, pR0 373-375] jaina bhaDArAnI asAMpradAyika dRSTi sekaDe| varSothI Thera Thera sthApana thayelA mATA meATA jaina jJAnabhaDArAmAM phakta jaina zAstronu ke adhyAtmazAstranuM ja saMgraha-sarakSaNa nathI thayuM, balke enI mAraphata aneka prakAranAM laukika zAstronu asAMpradAyika dRSTie saMgraha-sarakSaNa paNa thayuM che. vaidaka, jyAtiSa, maMtrataMtra, saMgIta, sAmudrikazAstra, bhASAzAstra, kAvya, nATaka, purANA, alaMkAra ane kathA thA tema ja badhAM datAnAM mahattvanAM zAstra--A badhAMnuM jaina jJAnabhaMDArAmAM kevaLa saMgraha-saMrakSaNa ja nathI thayuM, ba enA adhyayana ane adhyApana dvArA keTalAka viziSTa vidvAnoe evI pratibhAmUlaka navI kRtionI racanA karI ke je khIje durlabha che, ane maulika kahI zakAya evI che. jaina jJAnabhaDArAmAMthI evA graMthA paNa upalabdha thayA che, je bauddha vagere anya para parAonA che, ane Aje duniyAnA khIjA kAI paNa bhAgamAM mULa svarUpe hajI sudhI upalabdha thayA nathI. } [dRauci'. kha'0 2, pR0 518-519 ]

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18 paryuSaNa ane saMvatsarI jaina tahevArenA uddeza jaina tahevArA sauthI judA paDe che ane te judAI e che ke jainAnA eka paNa nAnA ke moTA tahevAra evA nathI ke je a ane kAmanI bhAvanAmAMthI athavA te bhaya, lAlaca ane vismayanI bhAvanAmAMthI utpanna thayA hoya. agara teA temAM pAchaLathI seLabheLa thayelI evI bhAvanAnuM zAstrathI samana karavAmAM AvatuM hoya. nimitta tIthaMkarAnA kAI paNa kalyANakanuM hAya agara khIjuM kAMI hAya, paNa e nimitte cAlatA pava ke tahevAranA uddeza mAtra jJAna ane cAritranI zuddhi tema ja puSTi karavAne ja rAkhavAmAM AvelA che. eka divasanA ke ekathI vadhAre divasanA lAMbA, e banne tahevArA pAchaLa jaina paraparAmAM mAtra e eka ja uddeza rAkhavAmAM AvyA che. paryuSaNa parva : zreSTha aghyAtikA lAMbA tahevArAmAM khAsa cha aThThAIe Ave che. temAM paNu paryuSaNanI aThThAI e sauthI zreSTha gaNAya che; tenuM mukhya kAraNa temAM sAMvatsarika parva Ave che e che. A AThe divasa le jema bane tema dhaMdhAdhApA eche karavAne, tyAga-tapa vadhAravAneA, jJAna, udAratA Adi sadguNA pASavAnA ane aihika, pAralaukika kalyANa thAya evAM ja kAmeA karavAnA prayatna kare che. jyAM dekhA tyAM jaina para parAmAM eka

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246 jainadharmane prANu dhArmika vAtAvaraNu, aSADa mahinAnAM vAdaLanI peThe, gherAI Ave che. AvA vAtAvaraNane lIdhe atyAre paNa A parvanA divasomAM nIcenI bAbato sarvatra najare paDe che: (1) dhamAla ochI karIne bane teTalI nivRtti ane phurasada meLavavAno prayatna. (2) khAnapAna ane bIjA keTalAka bhogo upara ochAvatta aMkuza. (3) zAstrazravaNa ane AtmaciMtananuM valaNa. (4) tAravI ane tyAgIonI tema ja sAdhamikenI yogya pratipatti-bhakti. (4) jIvone abhayadAna ApavAno prayatna. (6) verajhera visArI sahu sAthe sAcI maitrI sAdhavAnI bhAvanA. zvetAMbaranA banne phirakAomAM e aThavADiyuM pajusaNa tarIke ja jANItuM che ane sAmAnya rIte bannemAM e aThavADiyuM ekasAthe ja zarU thAya che ane pUruM paNa thAya che, paNa digaMbara saMpradAyamAM AThane badale daza divaso mAnavAmAM Ave che ane pajusaNane badale ene dazalakSaNuM kahevAmAM Ave che, tathA ene samaya paNa zvetAMbara paraMparA karatAM judo che. zvetAMbaronA pajusaNa pUrNa thayAM ke bIjA divasathI ja digaMbaronI dazalakSaNa zarU thAya che. [ aciM- bhA. 1, pR4 335-337] A aThavADiyAmAM ApaNe bhagavAna mahAvIranI puNyakathA sAMbhaLavA ane tenA marma upara vicAra karavA pUre avakAza meLavI zakIe. bhagavAne potAnI kaThera sAdhanA dvArA je satya anubhavyAM hatAM ane temaNe pote ja je satyane samakAlIna sAmAjika paristhiti sudhAravA amalamAM mUkyAM hatAM ane loke e pramANe jIvana dhaDe e hetuthI je satyano samartha pracAra karyo hato, te satya saMkSepamAM traNa cheH (1) bIjAnA duHkhane pitAnuM duHkha lekhI jIvanavyavahAra ghaDa, jethI jIvanamAM sukhazIlatA ane viSamatAnAM hiMsaka ta praveza na pAme. (2) pitAnI sukhasagavaDane, samAjanA hita arthe, pUrNa bhega Apa, jethI parigraha baMdhana maTI leke pakAramAM pariName. (3) satata

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paryuSaNa ane saMvatsarI 247 jAgRti ane jIvananuM AMtaranirIkSaNa karatA rahevuM, jethI ajJAna ke nabaLAIne kAraNe praveza pAmatA denI cekI karI zakAya ane AtmapuruSArthamAM eTa na Ave. [daaciM0 bhA 1, pR0 483-84] saMvatsarI mahatya sAMvatsarika parva e mahatparva che. bIjA koI paNa parvo karatAM e mahattva che. enI mahattA zemAM che e ja samajavAnuM rahe che. koI paNa vyaktie kharI zAnti anubhavavI hoya, agavaDa ke sagavaDa, ApadA ke saMpadAmAM svasthatA keLavavI hoya ane vyaktitvane khaMDita na thavA detAM tenuM AMtarika akhaMDapaNuM sAcavI rAkhavuM hoya te ene ekamAtra ane mukhya upAya e che ke te vyakti pitAnI jIvanapravRttinA dareka kSetranuM bArIkIthI avalokana kare. e Atarika avalokanane hetu e ja rahe ke teNe kyAM kyAM, kevI kevI rIte, kenI konI sAthe nAnI ke meTI bhUla karI che te jovuM. jyAre koI mANasa sAcA dilathI namrapaNe pitAnI bhUla joI le che tyAre tene te bhUla, game teTalI nAnAmAM nAnI hoya toya, pahADa jevI meTI lAge che ane tene te sahI zakato nathI. pitAnI bhUla ane khAmInuM bhAna e mANasane jAgo ane vivekI banAve che. jAgRti ane viveka mANasane bIjA sAthe saMbaMdha kema rAkhavA, kema keLavavA enI sUjha pADe che. e rIte Antarika avalokana mANasanI cetanAne khaMDita thatAM roke che. AvuM avalokana mAtra tyAgI ke phakIra mATe ja jarUrI che ema nathI, paNa te nAnI ke moTI uMmaranA ane kaI paNa dhaMdhA ane saMsthAnA mAnavI mATe saphaLatAnI daSTie Avazyaka che, kema ke te dvArA e manuSya potAnI khAmIo nivAratAM nivAratAM UMce caDe che ane saunAM dilane jItI le che. A eka sAMvatsarika parvanA mahattvanI mukhya vyaktigata bAju thaI. paraMtu e mahattva sAmudAyika dRSTie paNa

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248 jainadharmane prANa vicAravAnuM che, ane jANuM chuM tyAM lagI, sAmudAyika dRSTie Antarika avalokananuM mahatva jeTaluM A parvane apAyuM che teTaluM bIjA koI parvane bIjA koI varge ApyuM nathI. tethI samajAya che ke sAmudAyika daSTie Antarika avalokanapUrvaka pitApitAnI bhUla kabUlavI ane jenA pratye bhUla sevAI hoya tenI sAcA dilathI mAphI mAgavI ane sAmAne mAphI ApavI e sAmAjika svAthya mATe paNa keTaluM agatyanuM che. Ane lIdhe ja jaina paraMparAmAM prathA paDI che ke dareka gAma, nagara ane zaherane saMdha aMdaroaMdara khame-khamAve; eTaluM ja nahi, paNa bIjA sthAnanA saMghe sAthe paNa te Avo ja vyavahAra kare. saMghomAM mAtra gRhastho nathI AvatA, tyAgIo paNa Ave che; puruSe ja nahi, strIo paNa Ave che. saMgha eTale mAtra eka phirakA, eka gaccha, eka AcArya ke eka upAzrayanA ja anugAmIo nahi, paNa jaina paraMparAne anusaranAra dareka jaina. vaLI, jenene jaina paraMparAvALA sAthe ja jIvavuM paDe che evuM kAMI nathI; teone bIjAo sAthe paNa eTaluM ja kAma paDe che, ane bhUla thAya te te jema aMdaroaMdara thAya tema bIjAonA saMbaMdhamAM paNa thAya che ja. eTale kharI rIte bhUla svIkAra ane khamavA-khamAvavAnI prathAnuM rahasya e kAMI mAtra jaina paraMparAmAM ja pUruM thatuM nathI, paNa kharI rIte e rahasya samAjavyApI kSamaNAmAM che. te eTale sudhI ke AvI prathAne anusaranAra jaina sUkSmaati sUkSma ane agamya jevA jIvAvargane paNa khamAve che, tenA pratye pite kAMI sajJAna-ajJAnapaNe bhUla karI hoya te mAphI mAge che. kharI rIte A prathA pAchaLanI daSTi te bIjI che, ane te e ke je mANasa sama-atisUkSma jIva pratye paNa komaLa thavA jeTaluM taiyAra hoya te teNe sauthI pahelAM jenI sAthe potAnuM aMtara hoya, jenI sAthe kaDavAza UbhI thaI haya, paraspara lAgaNI dubhAI hoya tenI sAthe kSamA laI-daI dila cekhAM karavAM [daaciM0 bhAga 1, pR. 354-356 ]

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