Saral Gujarati Vyakaran

Author(s): Bharat Thakar
Publisher: Shabdalok Prakashan
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/005811/1

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa DaoN. bharatakumAra ThAkara 'phUla sugaMdha Ape che, mATe khIle che

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) 2 . che a) ( a zrI hemacandrAcArya mahArAjA kalikAlasarvajJA mahAna jyotirdhara | By:) :).CD (O) 0.la

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zAsana samrATa 5. pU. AcArya zrImad vijaya nemisUrIzvarajI mahArAja sAheba . pa. pU. AcArya zrImad vijaya vijJAnasUrizvarajI mahArAja sAheba pa. pU. AcArya zrImad vijaya kastUrasUrizvarajI mahArAja sAheba

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sa2La gujarAtI vyAkaraNa DaoN. bharatakumAra ThAkara AziSa parama pUjya AcArya bhagavaMta zrI caMdrodayasUrijI parama pUjya AcArya bhagavaMta zrI azokacaMdrasUrijI parama pUjya AcArya bhagavaMta zrI somacaMdrasUrijI AvRtti preraka muni zrI saMvegacaMdravijaya prAptisthAna azvinabhAI esa. saMghavI kAyastha mahollA, gopIpurA, subhASacoka pAse, surata 395 003 prakAzaka zabdalokaprakAzana 1760/1, gAMdhI mArga, bAlA hanumAna pAse, amadAvAda 38001

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Saral Gujarati Vyakaran by Dr. Bharatkumar Thakar Pub. By Adarsh Prakashan, Ahmedabad 380 001 2004 prakAzaka ema. ke. madrAsI zabdaloka prakAzana 1760/1, gAMdhImArga, bAlA hanumAna pAse, amadAvAda 380 001 prathama AvRtti : 1999 punaHmudraNa : 2004 lakhANanAM (c) lekhakanAM prakAzananAM (c) Adarza prakAzana mUlya : sadbhAvanA mudraka caMdrikA prinTarI mIrajhApura, amadAvAda 380 001

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samarpaNa "jijJAsu ane mumukSugaNane' sAzvata sukhanA abhilASI bhavya AtmAone tathA jJAnapipAsuone muni saMvegacaMdravijayajI (u. varSa 90)

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prayojana ane apekSA bhAratIya prAcIna sAhitya vizvabharamAM mokhare che. jene temaja jainetara darzanonA graMtho saMskRta, ardhamAgadhI, prAkRta bhASAmAM lakhAyela che. te bhASAonuM vyAkaraNa zIkhavAmAM rasa paDe, saraLatA thAya te mATe mAtRbhASA gujarAtInA vyAkaraNano bodha jarUrI che. traNa-cAra mahinAnA TUMkA gALAmAM gujarAtI vyAkaraNanuM jJAna thaI jAya to saMskRtaprAkRtanAM judAM judAM prakaraNo sahelAIthI samajI zakAya jethI abhyAsa karavAmAM samaya ghaNo bacI jAya. A uparAMta prAkRtavizArada pa. pUjya AcArya zrI vijaya kastUrasUrizvarajI mahArAjanI prAkatabhASAnA ucca kakSAnA abhyAsanA prasAranI aMtarecchA sAkAra karavA gujarAtI vyAkaraNano prathama abhyAsa mArI dRSTie jarUrI lAgyo. te abhyAsa karavAthI teo zrIe racela prAkRta vijJAna pAThamALA no abhyAsa karavAmAM utsAha, umaMga jarUrathI vadhaze evI mArI draDha mAnyatA che. te mATe khUba tapAsa karatA amArA hAthamAM Do. bharatakumAra ThAkare taiyAra karela "saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa' pustaka AvyuM. te pustaka abhyAsamAM sarvagrAhI, saMpUrNa lAgatA tenuM punarmudraNa karAvavA vicAra karyo. amArA saMsArI saMghavI parivAranA ATha-ATha saMyamIAtmAonuM jIvana-kavana ahIM aprastuta hovA chatAM pustaka jeonA hAthamAM jaze teone anumodanIya ane saMyama mATe preraNArUpa bane te ja mAtra zubhAzaya che.

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pUjya vaDIlonA AzIrvAda ane maMgaLakAmanAthI pU. sAdhu-sAdhvI samudAyamAM tathA ghara-gharamAM gujarAtI vyAkaraNano abhyAsa vadhe, tevI amArI apekSA avazya saphaLa thaze. jJAnionI bhakti sevAno avazya lAbha maLaze. : avinaya, aviveka, bhUlacUka mATe kSamA * micchAmi dukkaDama '. munizrI saMvegacaMdravijayajI (u. varSa 90) - RNasvIkAra tA 'saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa'nA lekhaka zrI bharatabhAI ThAkara. 7 Adarza prakAzananA saMcAlako zrI kamalezabhAI, zrIkRSNakAMtabhAI jemaNe badhI goThavaNa karI ApI. 7 potAnA sudIrdha anubhava pramANe jANakArI sabhara lakhANa lakhI ApanAra paMDitavarya zrI ke. kA. zAstrIjI. TM temaja paMDitajI zrI dhIrubhAI, paMDitajI zrI rasikabhAI... TM A umadA kAryamAM zarUAtathI khaMtapUrvaka, pustaka zodhavAthI laI dareka kAmamAM sahAyaka thayela prophesara zrI rAjanabhAI vAsaNavALA, pUjya dAdImA kamaLAbahena cImanalAla saMghavI... 7 pUjya mAtRzrI kaLAvatIbahena zAMtilAla saMghavI... T lAbha lenAra guru guNAnurAgI bhakta parivAra 7 rAjArAma, zAMtArAma, premajI, nAmI-anAmI sarve... sAdara azvinabhAI zAMtilAla saMghavI

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AzIrvAda parama pUjya AcAryazrI vijaya devasUrizvarajI mahArAja sAheba parama pUjya AcAryazrI vijaya caMdrodayasUrizvarajI mahArAja sAheba parama pUjya AcAryazrI vijaya sUryodayasUrizvarajI mahArAja sAheba parama pUjya AcAryazrI vijaya hemacaMdrasUrizvarajI mahArAja sAheba parama pUjya AcAryazrI vijaya azokacaMdrasUrizvarajI mahArAja sAheba parama pUjya AcAryazrI vijaya jayacaMdrasUrizvarajI mahArAja sAheba parama pUjya AcAryazrI vijaya prabodhacaMdrasUrizvarajI mahArAja sAheba parama pUjya AcAryazrI vijaya ajitacaMdrasUrizvarajI mahArAja sAheba saMsArI pitAzrI parama pUjya munirAja zrI prasannacaMdra vijayajI mahArAja sAheba parama pUjya AcAryazrI vijaya somacaMdrasUrizvarajI mahArAja sAheba parama pUjya paMnyAsajI zrI puSpacaMdra vijayajIgaNI mahArAja prakhara muni zrI kuzalacaMdra vijayajI mahArAja pUjya muni zrI zazIcaMdra vijayajI mahArAja pUjya muni zrI nirvedacaMdra vijayajI mahArAja tathA sahavartI sarve muni bhagavaMto. parama pUjya AcAryazrI mANijyasAgarasUrizvarajI mahArAja sAheba parama pUjya paMnyAsajI zrI pravINa vijayajI (zrI labdhisUrizvarajI ma.) gaNI , mahArAja sAheba pUjya sAgarajI mahArAjanA samudAyanA sAdhvIjI zrI mRgendrazrIjI mahArAjanA praziSyA sAdhvIjI zrI prazAMtazrIjI mahArAja, sAdhvIjI zrIyazasvinI zrIjI mahArAja sAdhvIjI zrI upazAMtazrIjI mahArAja munizrI saMvegacaMdra vijayanA vaMdanA - anuvaMdanA

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samAdara DaoN. bharatakumAra ThAkaranuM 'saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa joI gayo. vAMcI mane AnaMda thayo. bhASAnA UMDANamAM jaIne emaNe vyAkaraNane lagatI jhINAmAM jhINI vastu saraLa bhASAmAM rajU karI ApI che. atyAra sudhI racAyelAM nAnAM-moTAM vyAkaraNomAM ATalI sUkSmatA jovA maLatI nathI. Ama lakhuM chuM tyAre huM mane paNa sAthe gaNI lauM chuM. eka vizeSatA che ke gujarAtI bhASA upara ja mAtra nahi, saMskRta ane aMgrejI bhASA para kAbU anubhavAya che. zabdonA ATha prakAra e aMgrejI bhASAnA vyAkaraNanI dena che, jyAre e ApatAM "avyaya" zuM che e paNa emanA lakSya bahAra nathI. svara-vyaMjanonA uccAraNa pAchaLa aMgrejI bhASAzAstrIoe je jhINavaTa tema UMDANa ApaNane ApyuM che teno saraLa bhASAmAM - saraLa paribhASAmAM paricaya abhyAsa karanArAone karavAmAM koI zrama paDe nahi e rIte emanuM pradAna thayuM che. samagra vyAkaraNa saraLa hovA sAthe taddana zAstrIya che. virAmacihno" temaja "vAkyanA prakAro vizenI emanI rajUAta aMgrejI prakAranI che ane e gujarAtI bhASA-lekhana mATe Aje anivArya che, tema samAsa vizenI rajUAta saMskRta vyAkaraNanI chatAM gujarAtI bhASA lekhana mATe ghaNI ja jarUrI che.. huM DaoN. bharatakumAra ThAkaranA A prayatnano samAdara karuM chuM. jhINavaTathI mApIne emaNe ucca vyAkaraNa lekhakomAM AdarapUrvaka sthAna lIdhuM che e mATe dhanyavAda sAthe subhAzIrvAda ApI AnaMda anubhavuM chuM. pa. pU. muni saMvegacaMdravijayajI, azokacaMdrasUrijI mahArAja tathA somacaMdrasUrijI mahArAje A pustakamAM rasa lIdho te atyaMta AnaMdanI ghaTanA che, vaMdana sAthe madhuvana", elisabrija, amadAvAda 380006 - 3 - 2 )

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zAsanasamrATa zrI nemi-vijJAna-kasturasUribhyo namaH / yadyapi bahu nAdhISe, tathApi paTha putra ! vyAkaraNam pUjya muni zrI saMvegacaMdra vijayajI mahArAja (amArA saMsArI pitAzrI) pahelethI ja vyAkaraNanA abhyAsanA himAyatI. yAda Ave che te divaso, jyAre ame bALapaNamAM hatA tyAre amane vyAkaraNa bhaNAvavA besADatA, pote sAthe besatA... jyAre teo thoDo pATha karavAno batAvI Amatema jAya tyAre ame paNa raphucakkara..., amArA bena mahArAja sAdhvIjI zrI yazasvinIzrIjI to besavAnA samaye ja chaTakI jAya. have samajAya che, te samaye ame bhaNavAmAM kAcA hatA paraMtu abhyAsanI bAbatamAM teo sAcA hatA... Aje jyAre aMgrejI abhyAsanA ja vAyarA vAyA che, tyAre kadAca evo samaya AvIne Ubho raheze ke saMskRta-prAkRta Adi ApaNI mULa bhASAnI jema mAtRbhASA gujarAtI paNa luptaprAyaH thai jAya !!! vyAkaraNanuM jJAna pAyA svarUpa che, bhASAprayoga imArata che, jeTalo pAyo majabUta teTalI imArata majabUta, pAyo kAco to makAna takalAdI; tethI gujarAtI vyAkaraNano UMDANapUrvaka abhyAsa vidyArthIone karAvavo joIe, jethI pracalita-sahajadoSo dUra thAya. zabdAdInA prayogo kyAM ? kevI rIte thAya che teno pUro khyAla Ave. bhASAkIya jJAna deDha bane... che jyAM jyAM dhArmika pAThazALAo cAlatI hoya tyAM tyAM roja dasa miniTa athavA aThavADiye eka ke be divasa dhArmika abhyAsanI sAthe gujarAtI vyAkaraNano pATha levo. jethI A vyAkaraNa pAThanA saMskAra bhAvImAM bALakane bIjI koIpaNa bhASAnA abhyAsamAM khUba ja upayogI nIvaDe. 'DaoN. bharatakumAra ThAkara' dvArA taiyAra thayela A saraLa gujarAtI 8

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vyAkaraNa'nuM pustaka vyAkaraNanA pAyAnA jJAnamAM upayogI dekhAvAthI muni zrI saMvegacaMdra vijayajIe 89 varSanI bujhargavaye khaMtapUrvaka mudrita karAvela che. temanI aMtarecchA mujaba pu. sAdhu-sAdhvIjI mahArAja; vidvAno, dhArmika zikSakazikSikAo sAcIlAgaNIthI A vyAkaraNano abhyAsa karAvaze to gujarAtI bhASA mAtra jIvaMta ja nahI banI rahe paNa tenI jyota jagamAM jhaLahaLatI raheze. abhyAsIo akSaranI ArAdhanAthI anakSarapadane anukrame AMbI jaze tevI abhyarthanA ... li. 5.pU. AcArya zrI vijaya caMdrodayasUrijI mahArAjanA gurubaMdhu pa.pU. AcArya zrI vijaya azokacaMdrasUrijI mahArAjanA caraNakiMkara somacaMdravijaya vi.saM. 2060, kArtaka suda 14, zukravAra tA.7-11-2003 pU. bA mahArAja sAdhvIjI zrI upazAMta. zrI janmadina, suMdarabA ArAdhanA bhavana, rAMdera roDa, surata 395 003

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zrI munimahArAjazrI saMvegacaMdravijayajI zrI bharatakumAra ThAkaranuM lakheluM gujarAtI vyAkaraNa joyuM. gujarAtamAM janmelA bhAI-bahenonI mAtRbhASA ja gujarAtI hovAthI keTaluMka vyAkaraNa to janmasiddha ja hoya che, chatAM bhASAzuddhi mATe ane yathArtha artha bodha mATe A vyAkaraNa bhaNavuM jarUrI che. tathA saMskRta-prAkRta bhASA bhaNatAM pahelAM jo A gujarAtI vyAkaraNano abhyAsa karyo hoya to te bhASAmAM praveza ghaNo ja sukara bane che. tathA te te bhASAnI vAstavika nipuNatA prApta thAya che. A gujarAtI vyAkaraNa bahuja saMgIna ane suMdara lakhANavALuM che. kirtA, karma, kriyApada tathA sarva vibhaktiono suMdara khyAla Apyo che. traNa kALa tathA ekavacana, bahuvacananA prayogo sArI rIte samajAvyA che. paraMtu sAthe sAthe have gujarAtI bhASA paNa lopAtI jAya che. IMglIza bhASAnuM evuM gheluM lAgyuM che ke saMskAravALI bhASAo luptaprAyaH thaI rahI che. tethI saMskAravALI bhASAono abhyAsa ghaNo ja jarUrI che. te te bhASAonA vyAkaraNanA abhyAsathI zabdaprayogo zuddha ane sAcA bane che. bolatI vakhate vaktAnA bhASaNamAM paNa padalAlitya ane bhASAnuM gaurava jaLavAya che mATe A vyAkaraNa bhaNavuM ghaNuM ja jarUrI ane upayogI che. - A pustakanA prakAzanathI samAjane ane khAsa karIne jaina samAjane) bhASAkIya ghaNo ja lAbha maLaze. 702, rAmasATAvara, aDAjaNa pATiyA, eja li. gaMgA-jamanA epArTamenTa pAse, dhIrubhAInI vaMdanA pa-11-2003 - 16 surata

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pa.pU. saMvegacaMdravijayajI mahArAja sAheba vi. Ape Apela "saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa' nAmanuM pustaka joyuM. saraLabhASAmAM gujarAtI bhASAne lagatA vibhakti kRdanta - taddhitanA viSayanuM ghaNuM jJAna thAya tema che. saMskRta ane prAkRtabhASAnuM jJAna meLavatA pU. sAdhu-sAdhvIjI bhagavaMtane jo A gujarAtI vyAkaraNanuM jJAna karAvavAmAM Ave to saMskRta ane prAkRta vAkyaracanA, zabdaprayogo, joDaNI - samAsa vageremAM te jJAna bahu upayogI thAya. saMskRta bhASA ane prAkRtabhASA bhaNatAM pahelA gujarAtI bhASAne jANanArAoe A vyAkaraNanuM jJAna meLavavuM ghaNuM jarUrI che. saMskRta bhASAnA pravezamAM bahu sulabhatA raheze. . A samayamAM skUlomAM gujarAtI vyAkaraNanuM jJAna bahuM ochuM ApavAmAM Ave che. tethI nAma-sarvanAmano upayoga, vibhaktinA pratyayo, vAkyaracanAmAM saMskRta bhASAnA pravezamAM ghaNI takalIpho jaNAya che. ApazrI A gujarAtI vyAkaraNanA pustakane prakAzita karAvI jaina dharmanA viziSTa abhyAsIone ApavAmAM Avaze to saMskRta-prAkRtabhASAnA jJAnamAM sahAyaka banaze. paraMparAe Agamo vigerenA jJAnamAM paNa upayogI banaze. eja li. paM. rasikalAla zAntilAlanI koTI koTI vaMdanA saM. 2060, nAkA,cu.11 budhavAra 11 '

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Oii . parama pUjya AcAryabhagavaMta zrImad vijaya caMdrodayasUrijI mahArAja sAhebA zA. khImacaMda svarUpacaMda jhaveracaMda phatecaMda kIkAbhAI saMghavI parivAre pAlItANA girirAja upara navA Adezvara bhagavAna pratiSThita karAvyA che. te pUrvajonA kuTuMbamAMthI cha sAdhu ane be sAdhvIjIo maLI kula ATha vyaktioe pravajyA (dIkSA) aMgIkAra 'karI che. jemAM jinazAsana zaNagAra pa.pU. AcArya bhagavaMtu zrImad vijaya caMdrodaya sUrIzvarajI che. jemanuM saMsArI nAma hatuM suraviMdacaMda, soLa varSanI bhara yuvAnavaye dedIpyamAna evA emane saM. 2000nI sAlamAM zAsana samrATa papU.A.bha. zrI vijaya nemisUrIzvarajInA paTTadhara vAtsalyavAridhi pa.pU. A.bha. zrI vijaya vijJAnasUrIzvarajInA paTTadhara dharmarAjA prAkRta vizArad pa.pU.A.bha.bha. zrI vijaya kastUrasUrIzvarajInA ziSya banyA. lAlA mahArAjanA hulAmaNA nAmathI prasiddha thayA. vyAkhyAnanI nUtana zailI varSo pUrva borasadathI zarUAta karI hatI. 60 varSanA saMyamajIvanamAM savAsothI vadhu prabhupratiSThA tathA aMjanazalAkA emanA lalATe lakhAyela che. pAlItANAmAM emanA pU. gurudevanI svapnasRSTimAM Avela samavasaraNanI benamUna pratikRti zrI 108 samavasaraNa mahAmaMdiranuM nirmANa karAvavAnuM bhAgya sAMpaDyuM. paramavinayI bhakta jainazAsanaratna zrI rajanIbhAI devaDI tathA zrI zAMticaMda bAlubhAIe emanA vaDapaNa heThaLa ane pa.pU.A.bha. zrI vijaya azokacaMdrasUrizvarajI ma.sA. sahita anekavidha pU.A.bha. ane seMkaDo sAdhusAdhvIjI samudAya sahita lAkhekanI saMkhyAmAM advitIya rIte zrI zatruMjaya mahAtIrthanA mahAbhiSeka karAvyA che. bhAvanagaramAM vizvavikrama evA sAmudAyika AThaso siddhitapa emanI nizrAmAM thayA che. 12

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parama pUjya AcAryabhagavaMta zrImad azokacaMdrasUrijI mahArAja sAheba amArA pUrvajonA kuTuMbamAMthI vi. saM. 2007nI sAlamAM bIjA pUNyazALI zAsanaratna satata pacIsa vakhata sUrimaMtranA pAMcamA prasthAnanI utkRSTa bhAve ArAdhanA karI samagra jaina zAsanamAM guru gautamanuM nAma punaH jIvIta karanAra sUrImaMtra samArAdhaka pa.pU.A.bha. zrI azokacaMdrasUri banyA. saMsArI amaracaMdabhAIe mAtA kamaLAbahenanI ananya sevA karI hatI. saMsAramAM rahyA tyAM sudhI aLasI ane sarasiyAnA telane svahaste katharoTamAM phINIne dAjhyAno malama banAvatA je samagra gujarAtamAM prasiddha banyo hato. dIna-du:khiyAnI sevA emano jIvanamaMtra banyo hato. guruvarya pa.pU.A.bha. zrI kastUrasUrIzvarajInI apramattabhAve ananya sevA karI hatI. jyotiSazAstrano UMDANathI abhyAsa karI zAsananAM anekavidha kAryo mATenA muhUrtadAtA banyA. muhUrta phakta bhAratamAM ja nahi paraMtu videzamAM amerikA, jApAna, dakSiNa AphrikA, lIsTara, laMDanamAM paNa ApyA. emanA lalATe paNa ekaso pacIsathI vadhu prabhupratiSThA-aMjanazalAkAnA bhavyAtibhavya prasaMgo lakhAyA che. suratanA cAturmAsa daramyAna sau prathamavAra samagra bhAratamAM sAmUhika cArasothI adhika siddhitapa emanI nizrAmAM thayA ane jagabatrIzIe caDhyA. aThThAinI saMkhyA paNa AThasothI adhika thaI hatI. gopIpurAnI dharatI tapobhUmi banI hatI. tyArathI tapazcaryAnA paccakakhANadAtA banyA. amerikAmAM tapazcaryA karatA pahelAM vyakti emanI pAse paccakakhANa laI tapanI ArAdhanA zarU kare evI emanI chAyA. dara besatA mahine vAsakSepanA zubhaAzIrvAda meLavavA zrIsaMgha talapApaDa bane che. teozrI dAdAnA hulAmaNA nAme prasiddha banyA che. aMjanazalAkA pratiSThA prata ke je pU.A.bha.zrI somacaMdrasUrizvarajI ma.sA.e saMpAdita karela je zramaNa samUdAyamAM ati mUlyavAna sAbita thaI che. 13

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parama pUjya AcAryabhagavaMta vyAkaraNAcArya zrImad vijaya somacaMdrasUrijI mahArAja sAheba saMvata 2025nI sAlamAM mAtra tera varSanI bALavaye zAMtilAla cImanalAla saMghavI ane DhabalIbahena-viramatibahenanA panotAputra zrI hemaMtakumAre ginI nayanAbena (u. paMdara) sAthe eka ja divase pU. kAkA tathA pU.dAdAjInA pagale mokSamArganA pravezadvAra evI bhAgavatI pravajyA sau kuTuMbIjanonI sajaLa saMmatie grahaNa karI. muni somacaMdra banyA. bhaNavAmAM hoziyAra ane saMskRta sAthenI mAyAe vijaya muMbaInI bhAratIya vidyAbhavana vidyAlayamAMthI vyAkaraNanA gaMbhIra viSayo sAthe parIkSA ApI. pratyeka praznapatramAM hAiesTa mArksa sAthe vidyAlayano so varSano rekorDa toDI suvarNacaMdraka sAthe vyAkaraNAcArya banyA. guru zrI pa.pU.A.bha. azokacaMdrasUrijInI chatrachAyAmAM gurusamarpaNa bhAve utkRSTa ArAdhanA ane prAkRta pratyenI laganathI prAcIna hastalikhita prato ane saMzodhanakArya karatA prasiddha ane aneka bhASAonA jANakAra evA pU.jaMbuvijayajI mahArAja sAhebanA sathavAre vividha graMthonA ane jJAnabhaMDAronA mahAmUlA pustako tathA pratonI Adhunika TekanIkala skeniMga paddhatithI saMrakSaNa, saMzodhana ane mAvajatakartA banyA. saM. 2052mAM surata mukAme AcArya padavI prApta karI. AcAryapada pradAnanI AmaMtraNapatrikA hastalekhita posTakArDa chApI navo itihAsa racyo. tathA netrayajJa, raktadAna, jayapura phUTa kempa, vividha roga nidAna kempanA Ayojana thayA. pU. gurubhagavaMtanI AjJA zIromAnya rAkhI AcAryapadavI pachI satata nava vAra sUrimaMtranA pAMceya prasthAnonI vidhipUrvaka pulakita hRdaye ArAdhanA pUrNa karI. parama upakArI mAtApitAne saM. 2053mAM saMyama mArge prasthAna karAvyAM ane 'bA' mahArAjanA hulAmaNA nAme prasiddha banI phakta cAra varSanA dIkSA paryAyamAM saMyamanI utkRSTa zreNInI ArAdhanA karI pa.pU.sA.zrI upazAMta zrIjI kALadharma pAmyA. 14

Page #19
parama pUjya zrI prazAMtamUrti zrI prasannacaMdravijayajI mahArAja sAheba saM. 2014nI sAlamAM babbe divya AtmAo pa.pU.A.bha. zrI caMdrodayasUrijI tathA pa.pU.A.bha. zrI azokacaMdrasUrijIe potAnA pitAzrI cImanabhAIne cosaTha varSanI pAkaTa uMmare mokSa mArganI vATe laI javA parama upakArIne ugAryAM. emanA jIvanamAMgalyane utkRSTa sAdhanAnA mArge joDI sAta varSanA dIkSAparyAya daramyAna saraLasvabhAvI evA pa.pU.prasannacaMdravijayajIne AMtarabhAvanAmAM mazagula banAvI zrI simaMdhara svAmInI utkRSTa bhAvayAtrAmAM joDI khaMbhAta mukAmethI mahAvidehakSetranI vATe javA puNyazALI banyA. kuTuMbavAtsalyanA bhekhadhArI evA zrI cImanabhAI emanA jamAnAmAM coryAsI baMdaronA vAvaTA jyAM laherAtA hatA evA rAMdera gAme dararoja niyamita rU. 1/-nA roje motI paroNInA kAme jatA hatA. varSo sudhI bALako sahita samagra kuTuMbane relamArge pAlItANA zrI zatruMjya mahAtIrthanI yAtrA karAvatA hatA. jAta ghasIne kuTuMbanA kalyANArthe pravRtti karatA. putravadhUone putrathI vadhu gaNatA ane mAyALu vartana ane zabdothI temane vadhAvatA. gRhajInAlayamAM niyamita pahelI pUjA ane pachI bIjuM badhuM evI emanI prakRti hatI. nAnAbhAI zrI cunIbhAInI sAthe (rAma-lakSmaNanI joDI tarIke khyAti pAmelA). saMpa tyAM jaMpa, mana moTuM rAkhavuM, kuTuMbIo vacce IrSAbhAvano aNagamo. evI samajaNa rUMvADe rUMvADe teone hatI. maLI-saMpI sAthe rahetuM ekatra kuTuMba joI teo AnaMdita thatA. 15

Page #20
parama pUjya munirAja zrI saMvegacaMdravijayajI mahArAja sAheba saMvata 2053mAM saMghavI pUrvajonA kuTuMbamAM eka anokho itihAsa sarjAyo. eka sAthe traNa-traNa kuLaratnoe moTI uMmare prabhue darzAvela AtmakalyANanI unnatine mArge prayANa karyuM. zrI cImanalAla khImacaMda saMghavInA jyeSTha putra zrI zAMtilAlabhAIe byAsI varSanI pAkaTa uMmare laghubaMdhu zrI jayaMtIbhAI (uM. saDasaTha varSa) tathA dharmapatnI zrI viramatibenanI (uM.va. saDasaTha) sAthe dIkSA laI prAyaH karIne chellI sadImAM byAsI varSanI uMmare dIkSA lenAra prathama vyakti haze ane parama pUjya AcArya bhagavaMta zrI devasUrijInA ziSya banyA ane munirAjazrI saMvegacaMdravijayajI banyA. vizA zrImALI jaina jJAtinA prathama komarsa grejyueTa eTale ke bI.koma. ekacyurIyala sAyansa sAthe briTiza zAsanakALamAM sane 1934mAM thayA. Aje paNa nevu varSanI vaye sakriya che ane sarva zramaNa-zramaNI varga tathA hAlamAM temAM saphaLatAM maLI. rasa dharAvanAra bhASAnA abhyAsIonI mAtRbhASA gujarAtInA vyAkaraNanA jANakAra thAya. tenA phaLarUpe saMskRtaprAkRta bhASAonA abhyAsa karavAmAM saraLatA rahe te vidvAnonI bhASAnA abhyAsamAM zIghratAthI praveza karI zake te hetuthI saraLa ane lagabhaga sarvagrAhI gujarAtI vyAkaraNa anya pustakanI zodha cAlu rAkhI. A kAryamAM pro. rAjanabhAI vAsaNavALAe rasa laI 'saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa' zodhI ApyuM pariNAme A navI AvRtti pragaTa thAya che. 16

Page #21
parama pUjya munirAja zrI nirvedacaMdravijayajI mahArAja sAheba saMghavI pUrvajonA zA. cImanalAla khImacaMda saMghavInA chaThThA suputra zrI jayaMtIbhAIe saMyamapaMthe viharavAno nirNaya karyo tevA bhAvanirNayathI preraNA pAmI vaDIlabaMdhu zrI zAMtibhAI ne viramatibahena sAthe sajoDe dIkSAnA pariNAma jAgyA. saMvata 2053nA varSa daramiyAna potAnA dharmapatnI zrImati maMjulAbahena, suputra ci. nikezabhAI, putravadhU a.sau. rAgiNIbahenanI sajaLa nayane anumati maLI. lADakA pautra priyaMka tathA lADakI pautrI phoramane saMyamanA mahAlAbhadAyI ane svaAtmAnA sAcA kalyANamArganI vAto lAkSaNika rIte samajAvI UjaLA umaMga sAthe bhAvabhInI vidAya mATe sajja karyA. parama pUjya AcArya bhagavaMta zrI azokacaMdrasUrijInA ziSyaratna tarIke munirAjazrI nirvedacaMdravijayajI nAmakaraNa pAmyA. prativarSa paryuSaNaparva daramiyAna pUrvakALamAM upadhAnatapanI apUrva ArAdhanA daramiyAna kaMThastha karelI vividha prAcIna stavano sakaLa zrIsaMghane madhura kaMThe saMbhaLAvatA. e ja paraMparAci. nikezane kokila kaMThe sthApita karAvI ane ane deza-paradezamAM bhAvanA paMDIta banAvyA. | sarva dhArmika prasaMgoe anokhI zailImAM gItonI racanA banAve che temaja ghaNA dhArmika prasaMgonI AmaMtraNapatrikAnA sarjaka banyA che. saMyamajIvananA TUMkA gALAmAM pUjya gurubhagavaMtanI asIma kRpAthI svataMtra comAsA karI vyAkhyAnamAM saune hasatAramatA rAkhI jinabhakta banAvavAnI anerI rItathI saune prItipAtra banyA che.

Page #22
parama pUjya sAdhvIjI zrI upazAMtazrIjI "bA" mahArAja saMsArI DhabalIbahena/viramatibena aDasaTha varSanI jaipha vaye hArTa, prezara, DAyAbiTIzanI trIpIDA chatAM diyera jayaMtIbhAI tathA patideva zrI zAMtibhAI (byAsI varSanA)nI sAthe bhagavAne mokSamArga mATe darzAvela raste siMhanI jema nIkaLI paDyAM. gaNitamAM hoziyAra, hAiesTa mArksa meLavanArA, 100mAMthI 99 mArksa Ave to gaNitazikSakane javAba ApatA pasIno chUTe evA pAkA gaNatarIbAja jIvananI phIlasUphImAM paNa emane pAkI gaNatarI karI lIdhI hovI joIe. jethI je thavAnuM hoya te thAya ane 'bA' mahArAja banI badhAne bodha ApatA ke zAzvata sukha mATe satata abhilASA karo ane tene mATe satata prayatna karo. A vAtanuM samarthana ApatA hoya tema potAnI kukSImAM Avela bALako saMsArI banI saMsAra vadhAranArA bane enA karatAM saMyamI banI saMsArane sImita karI mukti nizcita karanArA bane evA zubha vicArathI ane dharmabhAvanAthI potAnA ghaDapaNanI paravA karyA vinA potAnA vhAlasoyA be be saMtAno zrI hemaMtakumAra (uM.va. bAra) hAla pU. AcArya somacaMdrasUrijI ane ku. nayanAbena (u.va. cauda) hAla pU. sAdhvIjI yazasvinIzrIjIne saM. 2025mAM hasIkhuzIthI prabhunA pravajyAnA pAvana paMthanA pravAsI banAvI mAtA tarIkenI sarvotkRSTa pharaja nibhAvI. saM. 2053 vai.su.6nA roja saMyama laI cAra varSanA TUMkA gALAmAM apramata bhAve saMyama pAlana karatA teozrInI sAdhanA sugaMdha cAre tarapha phelAI ane temano siddhAMta ke "zrAvaka rahe gharamAM paNa kALadharma to upAzrayamAM ja"ne sArthaka karI batAvyo. navakAra mahAmaMtranuM smaraNa karatA karatA saM. 2057nA (prabhuvIranA 2600mA janmakalyANaka dine) caitra suda 12/13nI rAtrIe 12-12 kalAke nazvara kAyAnuM piMjara choDI paramapada pAmavAnA pagathIye pagalAM pADyAM ane potAnuM jIvana mahAna to hatuM ja paNa mRtyune enAthI paNa mahAna banAvyuM. d

Page #23
I a , kaTa, vikI che. rDa kahe ke parama pUjya sAdhvIjI zrI yazasvinIzrIjI mahArAja sAheba svanAma dhanya yaza' saMsAramAM sinemA vagerenA zokhIna, jIddI ane ramatiyALa evA amArI A kuLadIpikA nayanAbahena paMdara varSanI yuvAvasthAmAM che bhogavilAsane tilAMjalI ApI zAsanasevAmAM | samRddha thavA laghubaMdhu zrI hemaMtakumAra (uM. tera varSa) sAthe saM. 2025mAM mahAbhiniSkramaNa tarapha AgaLa vadhyA ane pU. sAgarAnaMdasUrIjInA samudAyanA vizALa sAdhvIjI samudAyanA vaDA pU.sA.zrI mRgendrazrIjInA suziSyA pU.sA.zrI nirvedazrIjInA ziSyA yazasvinIzrIjI banyA. gurubhaktinI sAthe samagra samudAyanI vaiyAvaccamAM agresara rahI hasatA hasatA saunA prItipAtra banyA. jyAM jyAM comAsAM karyA tyAM tyAM vizALa bhaktavarga banyo. mAsakSamaNa, siddhitapa, be varSitapa karyA. bALakAo tathA prauDhonI zibiro yojI sAmAyikanA mahattvatA sAthe sAthe saunA samakita nirmaLa bane tevA upadezo ApI dharmamArgamAM sthira karyA. saM. 2013mAM parama upakArI mAtA viramatibahenane ghaNAM varSothI tAravAnI prabaLa icchA paripUrNa thaI ane "bA" mahArAjane DAyAbiTIza, prezara ane hArTanI bImArI hovA chatAM saMyama jIvananA yazasvI cAra varSa ananya sevA karI zramaNI vRMdamAM saunA saMgAthe ghaNAM varSo samayajIvanamAM vitAvyAM hoya tevA lAgaNIbharyA saMjogo upasAvyA ane saM. 2017mAM prabhu mahAvIra svAmInA 2 600mA janmakalyANakane divase pU.sA.upazAMtazrIjI "bA" mahArAja kALadharma pAmI svarge sidhAvyA. li. AjJAtika sevaka sahakuTuMba azvina saMghavInI 1008 vaMdanA

Page #24
lAbha lenAra bhAgyazALInAM nAmo: nakala zrI zeTha nagInabhAI cunIlAla mahetA, jAmanagara - 100 zrI harSAbahena ramezabhAI gAThANI, amadAvAda 100 zrI kAMtilAla lalubhAI jhaverI, muMbaI 100 zrI zAMticaMdabhAI bAlubhAI jhaverI, muMbaI 100 zrI kamalAbahena cImanalAla saMghavI, surata . 100 zrI kalyANacaMda devacaMda jarIvAlA, surata - 100 zrI azvinabhAI zAMtilAla saMghavI, surata * 100 zrI vADIlAla ravacaMda mahetA, haste jaNAbahena vasaMtalAla(amerikA) - tathA varSAbahena zaradabhAI mahetA zrI nilezabhAI rajanIkAMta devaDI, muMbaI , zrI vrajalAla popaTalAla bAbariyA, muMbaI zrI jIvanacaMda jecaMda, haste navInabhAI tathA dinezabhAI zrI jayaMtIlAla choTAlAla zAha, muMbaI zrI maMgalacaMdabhAI bApubhAI jhaverI, muMbaI - malADa zrI pAnAcaMda rAmacaMda zAha parivAra, rAMdera roDa, surata zrI pAnAcaMda lallubhAI sukhaDiyA, haste abhayabhAI-mukezabhAI zrI pukharAjabhAI sumeramalajI zrI bharatabhAI lakSmIcaMda, muMbaI zrI kumArabhAI amaralAla dozI, muluMDa - muMbaI zrI hIrAcaMda phakIracaMda jhaverI, surata zrI gopAlajIbhAI catrabhUja, haste kIrtibhAI, rAMdera roDa, surata zrI mahendrabhAI nemacaMda jhaverI, surata zrI vijayabhAI motIcaMda hIrAcaMda zrI puSpAbahena kusumacaMda saMghavI zrI sumaticaMda suganacaMda jhaverI zrI saubhAgacaMda uttamacaMda coksI zrI cunIlAla khImacaMda saMghavI zrI mahendrabhAI jIvanacaMda zrI hemaMtakumAra amaracaMda nemacaMda, amRtasara

Page #25
anukrama ***** 1. bhASA eTale zuM?.............. 1. bhASAnuM prayojana (kAye) Function : 14 2. gujarAtI bhASAnA dhvanighaTakonuM vargIkaraNa 1. gujarAtI bhASAnA svara : 16 - 2. jekacara : 18 3. ardhasvara : 19 4. vyaMjana : 20 3. varNavicAra : svara-vyaMjana. 1. gujarAtI varNamALA : 24 2. svara : 26 3. vyaMjana : 27 4. saMdhi....... - 1. svarasaMdhi : 32 2 vyaMjana saMdhi : 34 3. anya udAharaNo : 35 5. samAsa.......... 1. bahuvrIhi samAsa : 36 2. avyayIbhAva samAsa : 38 3. dvanda samAsa : 39 4. karmadhAraya samAsa : 39 5. tapuruSa samAsa : 39 6. madhyamapadalopI samAsa : 41 7. dvigu samAsa : 41 - 8. anya udAharaNo : 41 tatsama, tabhava ane dezya zabdo... 44 liMga ane vecana. ..... 46 1. saMjJA : liMga ane vacana : 46 (a) saMjJAnuM liMga : 46 (ba) saMjJAnuM vacana : 48 . 12. vizeSaNa : liMga ane vacana : pa1 3. sarvanAma : liMga ane vacana : para 4. kriyAvizeSaNa ane kriyApada : liMga ane vacana : 53 36

Page #26
8. 9. vibhakti... virAmacihno. 10. pUrva pratyaya.. 11. para pratyaya H taddhita ane kRt pratyaya. 1. taSThita pratyaya : 70 2. kRtu pratyaya : 75 nAma (saMjJA).. 13. sarvanAma.. 12. 1. puruSavAcaka sarvanAma : 83 2. darzaka sarvanAma : 84 3. sApekSa sarvanAma : 85 4. praznavAcaka sarvanAma : 85 5. anizcita sarvanAma : 85 6. svavAcaka sarvanAma : 87 7. sarvanAma-vizeSaNa tarIke : 87 14. sarvanAma : jAti, vacana ane vibhakti. 16. 17. dhAtu-kriyApada : prakAra.. 1. sakarmaka ane akarmaka kriyApada : 112 2. kRdaMta H 113 3. kALa : 113 18. nipAta, saiMyojako, anugo, nAmayogIo, mULabheda 1. jAti : 89 2. sarvanAmanAM vacana : 89 3. sarvanAmanI vibhakti : 90 15. kriyApada (dhAtu) : tenA kALa, artha ane prayoga.............. 93 1. kriyApadanA kALa : 93 2. kriyApadanA artho : 100 3. kriyApadanA prayoga : 103 dhAtunA(kriyApadanA) prayogo.......... 1. mULa bheda ane preraka bheda : 105 2. karveri prayoga : 106 3. karmaNi prayoga : 107 4. bhAve prayoga : 108 1. nipAta : 118 2. saMyojako : 118 55 61 67 70 81 83 3. anugo ane nAmayogIo : 119 4. mULabheda ane prerakabheda : 120 9 105 112 ane prerakabheda.......... 118

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19. vyutpatti....... 20. vAkyaracanA-rUpAMtara...... 1. vAkyaracanA : 128 2. vAkyarUpAMtara : 129 21. chaMda........ 22. 23. 1. sAmAnya samaja : 135 2. mukhya baMdanAM mApa ane udAharaNa : 139 alaMkAra. 1. alaMkAra eTale zuM ? : 147 2. alaMkAranA prakA2 : 148 avyaya : prakAra. 1. avyaya eTale zuM ? : 170 2. kriyAvizeSaNa avyaya : 170 3. nAmayogI avyaya H 172 4. ubhayAnvayI avyaya : 172. 5. kevaLaprayogI avyaya : 173 24. vizeSaNa : prakAra.. 1. vizeSaNa eTale zuM ? : 174 2. guNavAcaka vizeSaNa : 174 3. saMkhyAvAcaka vizeSaNa : 174 4. parimANavAcaka vizeSaNa : 175 5. darzaka vizeSaNa : 175 6. praznavAcaka vizeSaNa : 176 7. sApekSa vizeSaNa : 176 8. vizeSaNanuM vizeSaNa : 176 9. vikArI ane avikArI vizeSaNa': 177 25. rUDhiprayogo ane kahevato........... 1. rUDhiprayogo : 178 2. kahevato : 180 26. kRdaMtanA prakAra. *******.............. 1. kRdaMta eTale zuM ? : 182 2. vartamAna kRdaMta H 182 3. bhUta kRdaMta H 182 4. bhaviSya kRdaMta : 182 5. sAmAnya kRdaMta H 183 6. saMbaMdhaka bhUtakRdaMta H 183 : 121 128 135 147 170 174 178 182

Page #28
7. hetvarthaka kRdaMta : 183 8. kRdaMtanA upayoga : 183 9. kRdaMtanAM jAti ane vacana : 185. 10. kRdaMtanI vibhakti : 186 11. kRdaMtanAM kartA ane karma : 186 27. kriyAvizeSaNanA prakAra.......... . 189 1. kriyAvizeSaNa eTale zuM ? : 189 2. prakAra : 190 28. padaprakAronI keTalIka viziSTa paristhitio.................. 192 1. saMjJA-padono anya padaprakAra tarIke prayoga : 192 2. vizeSaNa-padono anya padaprakAra tarIke prayoga : 193 3. kriyAvizeSaNano anya padaprakAra tarIke prayoga : 194 29. vAkya : prakAro ane parivartana........ 198 1. vidhAnavAkya ane prazravAkya : 198 2. vidhAnavAkya, prazravAkya ane ugAravAkya : 199 3. vidhivAkya ane niSedhavAkya : 200 4. vartamAnakALa ane bhUtakALanI racanA : 202 5. sAdI ane preraka vAkyaracanA : 203 6. kartari, karmaNi ane bhArye racanAo : 205 30. vAkya : vizleSaNa ane saMyojana. - 207 1. sAduM vAkya : 207 . 2. saMyukta vAkya : 207. 3. saMkula athavA mizra vAkya : 208 4. vAkya-vizleSaNa ke vAkya-pRththakaraNa : 208 5. vAkya-saMyojana : 210 31. joDaNI... 1. joDaNInA niyamo : 214 2. joDaNIdoSa : 216 3. agatyanA zabdonI joDaNI : 220 32. zabdasamUha mATe eka zabda . .. 229 1. bhUmikA : 228 2. keTalAka sAmAsika zabdo : 228 33. samAnArthI (paryAyavAcI) zabdo......... 236 34. viruddhArthI zabdo - 244 **** 214 *

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1. bhASA eTale zuM ? ApaNe sau bhASAno upayoga karIe chIe. bhASA dvArA ApaNe vicAronI Apa-le karIe chIe, maitrI bAMdhIe chIe, judI judI vastuono abhyAsa karIe chIe. atyAra sudhImAM tame aMgrejI, hindI, gujarAtI jevI bhASAo bolatAM ne lakhatAM to zIkhyA ja hazo. vAtacItamAM paNa ApaNe 'A aMgrejI bhASAnI zreSTha navalakathA che.' ke 'A hindI bhASAnuM uttam sarjana che.` ke 'A gujarAtIbhASI kavi che.' jevA prayogo ya karIe chIe. paNa jyAre ApaNe bhASAvijJAnano abhyAsa zarU karIe chIe tyAre 'bhASA' eTale zuM te samajI levuM khUba ja jarUrI che. mAnavInI sarvottama zodha che te bhASA che ane mAnavIe tenI prAkRta avasthAmAMthI atyAra sudhI je pragati .sAdhI che ane bhaviSyamAM te haju vadhu ne vadhu vikAsa sAdhaze tenA mULamAM pAyArUpa to bhASA ja rahelI che. ApaNe bhASAnI vAta to karIe chIe, paNa 'bhASA kaI rIte janmI ?' e prazna ApaNane mUMjhave te svAbhAvika che. bhASAnI utpatti aMge vidvAnomAM vividha mato pravarte che. mAnavasaMskRtinI zarUAtanI dazAmAM bhASAno vikAsa thayA pachI mAnavasaMskRtinuM te eka viziSTa aMga banI gayela che. tethI ja itihAsa, samAjazAstra, nRvaMzazAstranA abhyAsamAM bhASA paNa mahattvanuM sthAna dharAve che. ApaNe bhASA mATe eTaluM kahI zakIe ke ApaNA ekabIjAnA vicAronI ApalenuM agatyanuM sAdhana te bhASA che. ame paNa bhASAnA mAdhyama dvArA ja tamane 'bhASA eTale zuM ?' samajAvI rahyA chIe ne ! paNa A to ame varNana karyuM kahevAya. ApaNe khyAlamAM rAkhavuM joIe ke 'varNana' ane 'vyAkhyA baMne judI bAbato che. varNanamAM vistAra hoya, jyAre vyAkhyA TUMkI ane saMpUrNa hoya. bhASAnI utpatti pahelAM mAnavI potAnA vicAronA vinimaya mATe abhinaya, izArA ke hAvabhAvano upayoga karato. Aje paNa skAuTa ane ena.sI.sI. vageremAM A prakAranI saMjJAono upayoga thAya che ja. paraMtu A saMjJAo to bAhya vyavahArane pragaTa kare che, jyAre 2

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10 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa mAnavI to be jagatamAM vase che : bAhya jagata ane AMtara jagata. bAhya jagata sAthe te A prakAranI saMjJAothI phAma laI zake, paNa AMtara jagata sAthe kAma levuM muzkela che. AMtara jagatamAM janmatAM vicAralAgaNIne abhivyakta karavA mATe A zArIrika saMjJAo apUratI che. saMjJA to evI hovI joIe ke te vadhu ne vadhu saraLa, spaSTa, sUkSma ane vyApaka hoya. saMjJAnA A cAra guNone sahAre mAnavInI abhivyakti ane tenuM saMkramaNa sArI rIte thaI zake che. bhASA e saMketonI yojanA che. A saMketo saraLa, spaSTa, sUkSma ane vyApaka che. Ane lIdhe ApaNA saunA vicAronA vinimayanuM te amUlya sAdhana banI rahe che. A kAraNe saeNpire (Sapir) yogya ja kahyuM che : "Language is primarily a system of phonetic symbols for the expression of commuricable thoughts and feelings." eTale piranA mata mujaba 'mAnavInA vicAro ane lAgaNIo vyakta karavAnI dhvanirUpa vyavasthA te bhASA.' pro. sturtavAM (Sturtvant) bhASAne 'yAdacchika dhvanirUpa saMjJAonI vyavasthA' tarIke oLakhAve che. pro. sturtavAMnA zabdomAM kahIe to 'A Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols by which members of social group co-operate and interect.' pro. sturtavAMnI vyAkhyAne vigate tapAsIe. bhASA e yAdaicchika dhvanirUpa saMjJAonI vyavasthA che. dareka bhASAne potapotAnI AgavI dhvanivyavasthA hoya che. dareka bhASAmAM dhvanio amuka kramamAM, amuka yojanAmAM AvatA hoya che ane emAM vyavasthA hoya che. parimita ghaTako dvArA ApaNe bhASAmAM vyavahAra karIe chIe. e ghaTakonuM svarUpa kaI jAtanuM che, e ghaTako kayA prakAranA che teno abhyAsa karavo joIe. eka bhASAno Marginal Sound bIjI bhASAno Marginal Sound na paNa thAya. bhASA gaLAmAMthI utpanna thayela koI paNa prakAranA dhvanionI vyavasthA che. vAcika dhvaniothI game tema bolAelA ke uccArAelA zabdomAM koI paNa prakAranI vyavasthA na hovAne kAraNe bhASA bane nahi. vyavasthA e mATe

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 11 jarUrI che. vyavasthA eTale koI paNa eka ghaTanAno bIjI ghaTanAghaTanAo sAtheno saMbaMdhabhAva. jo AvI vyavasthA na hoya to DacakArAne ne tALInA avAjane judA kevI rIte pADI zakIe ? tALIno ke DacakArAno avAja "ka" ke "ga" jevA avAja sAthe maLI zakato nathI. te game te dhvaninI pahelAM ke pachI AvI zake, paNa "ka" ke "ga" pachI amuka ja dhvani AvI zake evA niyamo che. eTale ke "ka" ke "ga" pachI kyA zabdo Ave jethI AkAMkSA UbhI karI zakAya. paNa DacakArA ke tALI pachI koI AkAMkSA UbhI karI zakAya nahi. bhASAmAM jo bhASAkIya zabdo hoya to teno artha avazya thavo joIe. bhASA pote ja vyavasthA che ane temAM paNa keTalIka peTA vyavasthA che. krama e paNa vyavasthAno ghaTaka che. jema ke amuka bhASAmAM vizeSaNa vizeSya pachI Ave che. Ama vyAkaraNI ghaTakonI paNa vyavasthA hoya che. bhASAno vicAra karatAM ApaNe ApoApa lipino vicAra karavAno rahe che. bhASA ane lipine kAMI ja saMbaMdha nathI, kema ke te to mAtra Akasmika saMbaMdha che. lipi e to bhASAne mAtra dazya saMjJAo (visible marks) vaDe rajU karavAnuM sAdhana che. ekanI eka bhASAne judI judI lipimAM lakhI zakAya. dA.ta. "mAre ghera javuM che.' 'Mare ghar javun chhe." "mAre ghera javuM che !' Ama, 'Writing is not a language. It is a way of recording language by means of visible marks.' bIjI dalIla e che ke, phArasI ane urdanI lipi ekasarakhI che. lakhavAnI game teTalI rIto hoya chatAM bhASA to eka ja hoya. mAnavI eka hoya chatAM tenA judA judA phoTAo laI zakAya che te rIte ApaNe bhASAne judI judI lipimAM lakhIe chIe. jApAnIjha bhASAmAM lakhavAnI traNa rIto che ane cothI rIta jApAnIo vikasAvI rahyA che. bhASAmAM zikSitonI vastI alpa che chatAM vAngavyavahAra cAlI rahyo che. mATe bhASAnA abhyAsa mATe lakhANa-eTale ke lipitranA abhyAsanI jarUra nathI. nirakSara mANasa lipi jANyA sivAya paNa bhASA sArI rIte jANI zake che. Aroha avaroha paNa bhASAnI vyavasthAnuM aMga che. AkAMkSA e ja bhASAvyavasthA che. ArohaavarohanA kramathI gujarAtI bhASAmAM artha

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12 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa pharI zake che. jema ke tamAre khAvuM che. tamAre khAvuM che ?" dhvani sAthe vyavasthA joDAya tyAre ja arthabodha thAya che. prANIsRSTimAM avAjanI vyavasthAnI koI ghaTamALa nathI. prANIo avAja kare, paNa e avAja sUcaka che. e avAjonI koI vyavasthA thaI zake evI nathI. e ghaTanA ja judI che. lAgaNIsUcaka avAjone bhASAvyavasthA sAthe saMbaMdha nathI. prANIonA avAjamAM prAcarya, vaividhya ke sUkSmanA koI divasa AvI zake nahi. ApaNe zabdonI navI vyavasthita yojanA dvArA navo arthabodha karAvI zakIe. Ama, bhASAmAM vyavasthA ane vaividhya bane che. paNa e khyAlamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke bhASA vAcika dhvanirUpa yAcchika saMjJAonI vyavasthA che, citrarUpa saMjJAonI vyavasthA nathI. dhvani eTale jenuM vahana avAja dvArA thaI zake che. A prakAranA avAjo pratIko UbhA kare che. pratyeka bhASAnA udgamamAM A sUtra raheluM che. pratyeka bhASA potAnA saMketo athavA pratIkonI banelI che ane bhASA dhvanirUpa saMjJAonI banelI vyavasthA che. manovijJAnamAM saMjJAnA traNa prakAra che. (1) padArthanA jevI ja saMjJA, mULa vastune tatUpa saMjJA. dA.ta. mUrti, phoTo. (2) thoDe aMze citrane maLatI hoya athavA to mULa vastune mAtra sUcavatI hoya tevI saMjJA. dA.ta. borDa paranuM khabhe daphatara bharAvIne jatA zALAnA vidyArthInuM citra. A citra evuM sUcave che ke AgaLa zALA che tethI vAhana dhIme hAMko athavA relave krosiMga AgaLanuM # AvuM citra paNa vAhana dhIma hAMkavAnuM sUcaka hoI zake, AmAM mULa vastu sAthe to sAmya hoya che. (3) mULa vastu sAthe kAMI ja sAmya hotuM nathI, paraMtu mutual contacthI nakkI karavAmAM Ave che ke amuka saMjJA hoya to amuka artha ghaTAvavo. bhASA trIjA prakAranI saMjJA che. koI paNa avAjane padArtha sAthe AMtarika saMbaMdha nathI. mAtra mutual contactthI yAcchika rIte nakkI karavAmAM Ave che. samAjavyavasthA mATe yadecchAthI saMjJAo nakkI karavAmAM Ave che. jema ke lAla lIlI jhaMDIne akasmAta sAthe. kALI paTTI ke kALA sADalAne zoka sAthe koI ja saMbaMdha nathI. e to mAtra yadacchA ja che. A saMjJAo samayAnusAra badalAya che. jhADa' zabdamAM ' ane huM

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa dhvanine DALI, pAMdaDAM ke thaDamULa sAthe kAMI ja saMbaMdha nathI. mAtra vyavahArathI ja nakkI karavAmAM Ave che ke 'jhADa zabda bolavAthI amuka ja vanaspati samajavI. A vyavasthA agAuthI niyata karelI che. "ghoDoe besavA mATenuM cArapaguM prANI che. tene ApaNe ghoDo' ke thoTa: kahIe chIe. paNa tene ghoDo ke poTa:" ja zA mATe kahIe chIe ? 'bilADI ke nakula zA mATe na kahyo ? tenuM kAraNa kazuM nathI. kAraNa e prANImAM evuM aMtargata tattva nathI, jene lIdhe ene "ghoDo' ja kahevo paDe. A to mAtra eka yadacchA ja che. je vAta nAmane lAgu paDe che te ja vAta kriyApada ane vizeSaNane lAgu paDe che. hovuM'nA arthamAM ati ke che" ja zA mATe vAparavuM ? ene mATe ne ke not kema na vAparI zakAya ? ene ja ApaNe "ghoDo' ke poTa: zA mATe kahI na zakIe ? ApaNI yadacchA ja che. sapheda padArtha ke lAla, lIlA, pILA padArthamAM evuM kazuM tattva nathI ke jene lIdhe emane zveta-sapheda athavA white. green, yellow ke red kahevA joIe. bIjAM koIka nAma ApyAM hota to paNa eTalI ja sArI rIte kAma cAlata. koI garama pANIne ThaMDuM ke "ThaMDA pANIne garama kahe te te ene mATe e saMketo apUrNapaNe sAcA che, ane bIjAo e saMketo svIkAre to emAM tAttvika dRSTie kazuM ja ayogya nathI. bhASA jema yAdacchika che. tema bhAvAtmaka paNa che. 'hAthI athavA 'Alpasa baMne mATenuM zabdapratIka hAthI athavA "AghUsanA aikyanA aMzo dharAvatuM nathI. mAtra rUDhi paDI che. eTale copagA amuka kada ane raMganA prANIne hAthI ane uttega-vizALa mR-puMjane 'Alpasa parvata kahIe chIe. A to mAtra sAMketika pratIko che. Ama, bhASA koI paNa prakAranA AtyaMtika saMbaMdha vagaranI vyavahArathI. yadacchAthI, saMketathI ke mutual contacthI nakkI thayelI vyavasthA che. A vyavasthAmAM eTaluM kharuM ke saMjJA sAthe mULa padArthanuM astitva hoya ja. mULa padArthanA astitva vinA saMjJA na saMbhave. 'jhArDa, 'hAthI ke "Alpasa che to te vRkSa, prANI ane parvatanI saMjJAo nakkI thAya che.

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14 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa bhASAnuM prayojana (kArya) (Function) * * bhASA vaDe sAmAjika vyavahAra thaI zake che. 'Language is a means of communication. paraMtu mAtra bhASA vaDe ja sAmAjika vyavahAra kare che evuM nathI. dA.ta. avAjothI, skAuTanI mAphaka asphaTa zabdo ke saMjJA ke jhaMDIthI paNa vyavahAra zakya che. paraMtu mukhyatve vyavahAra bhASA vaDe thAya che. vyavahAra mATe bhASAnI asara moTI paDe che ane A ja vastu mAnavIne anya pazuothI alaga pADe che. saMjJAonuM vahana pArasparika che. be vyakti ke vadhAre vyaktio sAthe A mAdhyama dvArA saMbaMdha joDAya che. samAjanI vyavasthA A dhvanirUpa saMjJAo para nirbhara che. 'Language enables one person to make a reaction when another person had the stimulas." Ama, 'stimulas ane reaction' pUratI bhASAnI agatya che. bhASAmAM ochAmAM ochI be vyaktio hoya to ja te kAma ApI zake. ekalo mANasa hoya to te saMkramaNanA mAdhyama tarIke kaMI kAma karI zakatI nathI. blamaphIlDa kahe che te pramANe bhASA e bIjA pAse kAma karAvavA mATe che. bhASAvyavahArano krama nIce pramANe bAtavI zakAya : (a) pahelAM ApaNA cittamAM icchA stimulas-jAgrata thAya che. (ba) e icchAne ApaNe zabdo dvArA vyakta karIe chIe. (ka) ApaNAM dhvaninAM mojAMo zrotAnA kAnanA paDadA para jaI athaDAya che. (3) zrotAnA jJAnataMtuo enA magajane artha samajAve che. (I) A artha samajAvAnuM kAraNa sAmAnya rUDha saMketo che. (pha) ane artha samajavAne pariNAme zrotA ApaNI icchA mujaba kArya kare che. A rIte bhASA vaDe ApaNe bIjA pAse kArya karAvI zakIe chIe. CHLAL Z aizslas azul . 'We do not inherit language, we learn it as we learn behaviour." bhASA e AnuvaMzika saMskAra nathI. bALaka para samAja dvArA bhASAnuM Adhipatya sthapAya che. TUMkamAM, vaktAne pakSe vicAra bhASA dvArA vyakta thAya che ane zrotAne pakSe bhASA dvArA vicAranuM grahaNa thAya che.

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2. gujarAtI bhASAnA dhvanighaTakonuM vargIkaraNa bhASAnI samasta prakriyA ghaNI saMkula che. tene samajavA mATe ApaNe sau pahelAM dhvanine samajavA paDaze. bhASAno ekama dhvani che. dhvaninI vividha prakAranI meLavaNIthI vAcyavahAra cAlI zaMke che. jagatamAM asaMkhya avAjo che. moM vATe paNa ApaNe asaMkhya avAjo kADhI zakIe chIe. A badhA avAja bhASAnA nathI. A badhA avAjomAMthI bhASAnA avAjane ApaNe alaga tAravavA paDaze. bhASAno avAja te vAcikadhvani. vAcikadhvani bhASAnI yojanAmAM mahattva dharAve che. zabdamAM tene AgaLapAchaLa ke vacce goThavI zakAya che. vAcikadhvaninA uccAraNa pachI anya dhvani Avaze tevI zrotAmAM apekSA jAge che. sAmAnya dhvani ane vAcikadhvani vacce A mahattvano bheda che. 5-4-2 Ta-pa-ka paTa-ka A dareka dhvani gujarAtI bhASAnI yojanAmAM mahattva dharAve che. tethI tene ApaNe vAcikadhvani kahIzuM. chIMka khAtAM thato dhvani, DacakArAno dhvani vagerene ApaNe vAcikadhvani nahi gaNIe kAraNa ke bhASAnI yojanAmAM tenuM koI sthAna nathI. dareka bhASAne potAnI yojanA che ane e yojanA pramANe tenA vAcikadhvanio nakkI thayelA hoya che. dhvani sAthe aneka bAbatonuM mizraNa hoya che. eka ja dhvani judA judA sthAna parathI uccArAto hoya tene kAraNe lipimAM judo saMketa na apAya, dhvanighaTako tAravavAnI rIta vadhAre saMkula che. dA.ta. 'amadAvAda', 'asAravA'. A baMne 'a' judA sthAna parathI uccArAya che. 'kIku'. A baMne 'ka' judA sthAna parathI uccArAya che. judA sthAna parathI uccArAya che eTalA mAtrathI temane judA ghaTaka gaNI zakAya nahi. eka bhASAnA be zabdomAM badhuM ja samAna hoya paNa koI eka ja dhvaninA phe2ne kAraNe be zabda judA banatA hoya, temanA arthamAM taphAvata paDato hoya to AvA 15

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16 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa dhvanine judA ghaTaka gaNavA paDe. dA.ta. 'sAkara'-'sAgara A be zabdamAM "ka" ane "ga" dhvaninI herapherane kAraNe artha judo paDe che. gujarAtI bhASAmAM "ka" ane "ga baMnene svataMtra dhvanighaTakano darajjo Apavo joIe. bhASAnA dhvanisvarUpane A rIte bahAra lAvI zakAya. A mATe keTalIka paddhatio che. koI bhASakanAM uccAraNo sAMbhaLavA. bhASAmAM aneka bolIbheda hoya chatAM najara to bhASAnA dhvanisvarUpa upara ja rAkhavI joIe. uccAraNo noMdhI, tenA guNadharmonI tAravaNI karI ane bhedaka saMbaMdhovALA dhvanighaTako tAravavA joIe. gujarAtI bhASAnA svara : svaranI prakRti nakkI karavA mATe havA je vistAramAMthI pasAra thAya che te vistAranuM kada keTaluM che te agatyano muddo gaNAya che. koI paNa taMtuvAdyamAM tenI sAthe joDeluM tuMbaDuM avAjanI prakRti nakkI karI Ape che. gaLAnuM polANa svaranA uccAraNamAM Avo ja bhAga bhajave che. jalataraMganA judA judA avAja judA judA kadanI vATakIne AbhArI che. vATakI dhrujavAthI jeTalA kadamAM havAno jaththo AMdolita thAya te parathI avAjanI prakRti nakkI thAya che. amuka avAja thALIno che ke vATakAno te ApaNe joyA vinA ja nakkI karI zakIe chIe. | svaranI sAdI vyAkhyA A rIte ApI zakAya. phephasAMmAMthI bahAra nIkaLelI havA anavaruddha rIte mukha vATe bahAra nIkaLe ane je dhvani utpanna thAya te svara. A vAyu-mojA para rokANa karavAthI - avarodha karavAthI je dhvani utpanna thAya te vyaMjana. | gujarAtI svaranA bhedaka dharmo che agratva ane pRSThatva. svaranA uccAraNamAM jIbha paNa saheja UMcI thaI ane bhAga bhajave che. svaranI prakRti nakkI karavAmAM madhya, ucca ane nimna sthAno paNa bhAga bhajave che. A sAthe hoThano AkAra paNa dhyAnamAM rAkhavo joIe. tenA AkAranI be sthiti che : goLa ane capaTI. alabatta, hoThanI A sthiti svaramAM bhedaka dharma tarIke kAma karatI nathI. paraMtu amuka uccAraNa

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa vakhate hoThano amuka AkAra tenI sAthe saMkaLAI gayo che. agrasthAna para traNa svaro che H I : vIra, e : vera, eN : vaeNra. I : agra-ucca, e H agra-madhya ane eN H agra-nimna. vIra - vera vaeNra jevI uktionA bhedaka dharmathI. A svaro tAravavAmAM AvyA che. e ja rIte pRSThasthAnanA paNa traNa svaro che. hoThano vartuLa AkAra tenI sAthe saMkaLAyelo hoya che. :: pRSThasthAnanA traNa svaro A pramANe che : 3 : pura, o : pora, oN : paoNra. u : pRSTha-ucca, o : pRSTha-madhya ane auM : pRSTha-nimna. agara ane pRSThasvaronI traNa koTio bhedaka che, jyAre madhyasvarone mATe A paribhASA barAbara nahi Thare kAraNa ke madhyasvaronI UMcAInI be ja koTi che. agra ane pRSThasvaronI UMcAInI koTinA pramANamAM madhyasvaronI UMcAInI koTimAM thoDI heraphera che. a H tara, A : tAra. 2 H madhya-animna, A H madhya-nimna. gujarAtI bhASAmAM svaranA ghaTako A pramANe thaze : madhya agra I e ucca : e madhya nimna H A A rIte svaranA ghaTako kula ATha che. sAnunAsika svaronA cha ghaTako maLe che. I pRSTha J @ 7 ' 3 17 (a) aM OM AM saMvRtta ane sAnunAsika e-onA ghaTako gujarAtI bhASAmAM nathI. anunAsikatva AvatAM ja te vivRta banI jAya che. svara ane vyaMjanamAM kAlamAna asara karI zake che. uccAraNano

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18 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa samaya vadhatAM dhvaninI dRSTie te ekavaDA ke bevaDA thaI zake che. lipimAM te saMketa bevaDo lakhI yuktithI darzAvAya che. | 'I' ane 'unA lipimAM sAmAnya rIte be saMketo batAvavAmAM Ave che. A dvArA evuM sUcana thAya che ke kAlamAna gujarAtI svaro para asara kare che. vAstavika paristhiti AnAthI judI che, gujarAtImAM vyaMjananuM bevaDApaNuM che, paraMtu svaranuM bevaDApaNuM A arthamAM mahattvanuM nathI. jaMkyara : uktinI sImA para thatA svataMtra dhvanivyApArone jaMkyara dvArA samajAvI zakAya che. svaronuM kAlamAna jaMkyarathI niyata thayeluM che tethI kAlamAnanuM varNana svara mATe jarUrI nathI. vAkyamAM Aroha-avaroha hoya che. koI ukti UMcA sUrathI zarU thaI maMda sarathI pUrI thAya che. vAkyamAM vacce Avato virAma (pause) paNa navI tapAsa mAge che. Aroha-avaroha ane virAma tadana bhinna bhinna bAbato che. uktinI sImA pa2 AvatA virAmane "jaMkyara" tarIke svIkArI ane te dvArA thatA keTalAka vyApAra samajavA jevA che. jaMkyara e koI bhautika astitva dharAvatI bAbata nathI, paraMtu dhvanivyApAramAM thatA pheraphAranI te eka samaja che. uktinI sImA para AvatuM jaMkyara ane uktinI madhyamAM AvatuM jaMkyara evI tenI be eka upasthiti kaLI zakAya che. zrIprakAza zrI + prakAza chokarAo + najIka Avo. chokarAo najIka + Avo. uktinA jyAMthI bhAga paDe che teno Agalo akSara maMdagati bane che ane svara dIrdha bane che. | gujarAtI bhASAmAM svaranuM hrasvatva ane dIrghatva bane che. svara jo jaMkyaranI pUrve Ave to te haMmezAM dIrgha hoya che ane e sivAyanI paristhitimAM hrasva hoya che. vyaMjana jo jaMkyaranI pahelAM Ave to teno

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa sphoTa pUrepUro thAya che. ' uktimAM zrAvyatanI parAkASThAnuM vahana svara kare che. svara pAse uktinI zrAvyatA sauthI vadhAre hoya che. ardhasvara : zrAvyatAnI parAkASThAnuM vahana karanAra eka ja svara hoya to te sAdo svara simple syllable kahevAya che. parAkASThAnuM vahana ghaNI vAra be svara paNa karatA hoya che. temAM eka pradhAna rahe che ane bIjo apradhAna. svara uparAMta ardhasvara paNa parAkASThAnuM vahana kare che ane te apradhAna rahe che.' huM ane vuM apradhAna rahevAthI te ardhasvara kahevAya che. paDiyo - paDyo svara + ya svara + va pAyarI jIvaDuM kaoNyalo pAvaDI vanI be upasthiti che. uktinA AdisthAnamAM Ave tyAre daMtyoSTha saMgharSo hoya che, jyAre svara ane vyaMjana vacce Ave tyAre okya ja hoya che. 'yuM ane 'vuM paraMparAthI ardhasvara tarIke oLakhAya che. A uparAMta zrAvyatAnI parAkASThAnuM vahana karanArA bIjA be dhvanighaTakone paNa sthAna ApavuM paDaze. eka che 'ha ane bIjuM anunAsika mATe paraMparAthI mukAtuM bindu. dahADo kahoDa. paoNka hIne mahAprANa gaNavAmAM Ave che ane sAmAnya rIte tene vyaMjananA khAnAmAM mUkavAmAM Ave che. gujarAtI bhASAmAM 'hanI kAmagIrI viziSTa che. huM jyAre vyaMjana pachIthI Ave che tyAre tenuM kArya vyaMjanane maLatuM che, paraMtu svara pachI jyAre te Ave che tyAre tenI kAmagIrI svaranA jevI che. te svara sAthe apradhAna rIte parAkASThAnuM vahana kare che tethI tene ardhasvara gaNavo paDaze. bhIMta

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20 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa joDaNImAM paraMparAthI mukAtuM biMdu vyaMjana ane svara para ('a" ane "o sivAya) AvI zake che. anunAsitva jyAre svaramAM bhaLeluM hoya che tyAre te paNa apradhAnapaNe zravyatAnI parAkASThAnuM vahana kare che. ITa, UMTa, AMkha, vaita. TUMkamAM, svara pachI anunAsikatva hoya to te parAkASThAnuM vahana kare che tethI tene paNa ardhasvaranI gaNatarImAM levuM paDaze. vyaMjana : phephasAMmAMthI bahAra nIkaLatI havA para mukhamAM alaga alaga sthaLe avarodha karI zakAya che. vyaMjananI prakRti A avarodhanuM sthAna ane avarodhanI mAtrA para AdhAra rAkhe che. phephasAMmAMthI zarU thayelI havA mukha vATe bahAra nIkaLe tyAM sudhImAM aneka dhvani nIkaLI zake. temAMthI bhASAnI AkRti ane vyavasthA pramANe vAcika dhvani banI zake. dhvanionuM vargIkaraNa karatAM pahelAM uccAraNanA avayavono TUMkamAM paricaya karI laIe. phephasAM : phephasAM be che. temAM havA bharAya che je dhvaniuccAraNa mATe satata havA pUrI pADe che. temanuM kAma dhamaNane maLatuM che. nAdataMtrIo: bannenA samUhamAM te be bhAgamAM vaheMcAyelI che. be dhvanitaMtrI vaccenI jagyAne Glottis (kAkala) kahe che. uccAraNa vakhate A dhvanitaMtrIo saheja taMga bane che. jyAre temAMthI pasAra thatI havA AMdolita thAya che tyAre ghoSa dhvani saMbhaLAya che.' paDajIbha (Uvula) : zvAsanaLI para laTakato te eka poco snAyu che. phephasAMmAMthI bahAra nIkaLatI havAne te nAka vATe jatI aTakAve che. keTalAka uccAraNamAM bahAra nIkaLatI havAno pravAha be bhAgamAM vaheMcAI jAya che. anunAsikanA uccAraNa(mana vageremAM)mAM Ama bane che. tALavuM H sagavaDa khAtara tALavAnA traNa bhAga thaI zake. sauthI pAchaLano bhAga te pocuM tALavuM. vacceno bhAga mUrdhanya ane AgaLano bhAga te varlsa. jIbha A sthAno para athaDAI keTalAMka uccAraNo kare che. jIbha : dhvaninA uccAraNamAM jIbha mahattvano bhAga bhajave che. kyAMka havAne rokavAnI ke AMdolita karavAnI kAmagIrI te kare che. svaranI

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 21 prakRti nakkI karavAmAM jIbhanI judI judI UMcAI mahattvanuM kAma kare che. hoTha : hoTha pAse havAnuM pUrNa dabANa thaI zake che. pasAra thatI havAne te gharSaNa paNa ApI zake che. phephasAMmAMthI nIkaLelI havA mukha dvArA bahAra nIkaLe tyAM sudhImAM tene ghaNe ThekANe rokI zakAya ke gharSaNa ApI zakAya. badhA dhvanio avarodhanA judA judA prakAra para AdhAra rAkhe che. judA judA bhAgomAM vargIkRta karI zakAtA gujarAtI bhASAnA vyaMjano joIe. sphoTaka (stop) : sphoTakanuM mukhya lakSaNa e ke temAM dhaDAkA sAthe havA bahAra nIkaLe che. te jIbha, hoTha ane kAkalanI evI sthiti rAkhIe ke havA ekaThI thAya ane tyAra bAda ene ekadama mArga ApIe to havA thoDA avAja sAthe bahAra Ave che. A rIte pedA thato dhvani te sphoTaka. hoTha para, tALavAnA keTalAka bhAga para havAnuM pUrNa rokANa thaI zake che. sphoTaka dhvani ghoSa ane aghoSa baMne prakAranA hoI zake. . 5, Ta, ka - dhvanio ghoSa che. ba, Da, ga - dhvanio aghoSa che. sphoTaka dhvaninI eka vizeSatA e che ke tene laMbAvI zakAtA nathI. davAnuM pUrNa rokANa karI te jaththo eka vAra mukta karI dIdho pachI A dhvanine laMbAvI zakAya nahi. sphoTaka dhvanio nIcenA sthAna parathI nIkaLI zake : 5, ba, bha - oSTha sthAna parathI. ta, tha, da, ' - varlsa sthAna parathI. Ta, Tha, Da, - tAlu sthAna parathI. ka, ga - mUrdhanya sthAna parathI. saMghaSao (spirants ke Fricatives) : jeTale sthaLe havAnuM rokANa thaI zake teTale sthaLe gharSaNa paNa utpanna thavAnuM. havAne javAno rasto sAMkaDo thatAM temAM gharSaNa utpanna thAya che ane te gharSaNajanya dhvanine saMgharSa kahevAmAM Ave che.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa saMgharSI ghoSa ane aghoSa baMne prakAranA hoI zake. 'k' ghoSa saMgha che, jyAre 'v' aghoSa saMgharSI che. pArthika (Laterals) : jIbha uparanA tALavAne aDakI havAne rokavAno prayAsa kare che. A daramyAna jIbhanI eka ke baMne bAju parathI havA pasAra thaI jAya che. bahAra jatI havA jatAM jatAM gharSaNa utpanna kare che. havAnuM gharSaNa saMgharSI dhvaniomAM hoya che teTaluM tIvra hotuM nathI. . AvA dhvanine pArthika dhvani kahevAmAM Ave che. gujarAtI bhASAmAM pArthika dhvanighaTako be che pArthika 'lU' kRtya : ane mUrdhanya pArthika 'gUM'. 'la' uktinA Adi, madhya ane aMta ema game te sthAnamAM AvI zake che jyAre 'La'nI upasthiti para eka niyamana che. te uktinA Adi sthAnamAM AvI zakato nathI, ardhasvara 'ya'nI hAjarImAM tenuM kAlamAna ardhuM hoI zake che jyAre te bevaDo AvI zakato nathI. 22 prakaMpI (Thrill) : jIbhano thoDo bhAga UMco thAya che tethI bahAra nIkaLatI havA saheja kaMpita thAya che, rokAtI nathI. gujarAtI '2' thaDakArAvALo che. A vargamAM gujarAtI bhASAnA be dhvanighaTako che H '2' ane ''. phU'e 'Da'no eka bhinna AviSkAra che. be svaranI vacce tenI upasthiti kaLI zakAya che. uktinA AdisthAnamAM te AvI zakato nathI. 'daDo', 'ghoDo' vageremAM te bolAya che. anunAsiko : mukha vATe bahAra AvatI havA be bhAgamAM vaheMcAI jAya che. havAno eka jaththo mukha vATe bahAra Ave che ane bIjo jaththo nAka vATe bahAra Ave che. anunAsikane ghoSa-aghoSano bheda lAgI zake nahi. gujarAtImAM anunAsikanA cAra dhvanighaTako che H paraMparAthI mukAtuM anunAsika biMdu. 'Na' : mUrdhanya, 'na' : daMtya ane 'ma' : oblyU. gujarAtI bhASAmAM anunAsikanI sthiti viziSTa che. badhA anunAsiko sthAnIya vyaMjano che. havAnA eka jaththA para judA judA sthAna para avarodha karavAthI Ama bane che. badhA anunAsikonI

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 23 upasthitinA niyamo ekasarakhA nathI. jema ke "Na AdisthAnamAM AvI zakato nathI. tema ja te bevaDo hoI zake nahi. "ma' ane na' baMne bevaDA AvI zake che - eTale kAlamAna tenA para asara kare che. svara ane vyaMjana baMne anunAsika hoI zake. anunAsika svara te anusvAra - AMkha, UMTa, ITa, reMTa badhA anusvAro che. dhvanighaTakonI A pAyArUpa bAbato che. gujarAtI bhASAnA dhvanighaTakone A rIte goThavI zakIe. svaro agra . madhya ucca I madhya e nimna eN anusvAro e ardhasvara : . yu. huM. phoTaka : aghoSa : 5. Ta, ta. ka. - ghoSa : ba. Da. da, ga. saMgharSa : aghoSa : pha. sa. ghoSa : va. ja. sparzasaMgharSo . : ca. ja. pArthika : la. La. . prakaMpa : 2, De. anunAsika : ma. na. Na.

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3. varNavicAra : svara-vyaMjana 1. gujarAtI varNamALA : ApaNA vicAro bIjA AgaLa rajU karavA ApaNe bhASAno upayoga karIe chIe. vAkya e ApaNA vicAro rajU karavA mATenuM ekama che. vAkya zabdonuM bane che. zabda akSarono bane che. zabda eka akSarano paNa hoya che ane vadhAre akSarono paNa hoya che. dA.ta. 'hA' e eka akSarano zabda che. "prArthanA e eka karatAM vadhAre akSarono zabda che, akSara mATe varNa zabda paNa vaparAya che. Ama to akSara eTale varNa ane varNa eTale akSara ema nakkI hovA chatAM akSara ane varNa bAbata nIcenI rIte bheda thAya che. "hA eka akSara paNa e ja 'hA' 'ha + A' maLIne banyo che mATe be varNa. "prArthanA cAra akSara paNa e ja prArthanA 5+2+ A + 2 + z + a + n + A' maLIne banyo che mATe ATha varNa. akSara ke varSamAM keTalAka svara hoya che ane keTalAka vyaMjana hoya che. je akSarano uccAra karavAmAM bIjA akSaranI madadanI jarUra paDatI nathI - eTale ke je ekalo hoya to paNa bolI zakAya che - te svara kahevAya che. svara 11 che : a A i I u U R e ai, o, au. je akSarano uccAra karavAmAM svaranI meLavaNI karavI paDe che eTale ke jenI sAthe svaranI meLavaNI karavAmAM Ave to sahelAIthI bolI zakAya che te vyaMjana kahevAya che. vyaMjana 34 che : ku, kha, gU, cUM, huM, zuM che, jajha, muM, Tu, huM, DuM, t, , , tuM, yU. 6, 6, nuM, 5, pha, ba, bhU. muM, yu. 2. . zuM. 5. su. hu, gU. gujarAtI varNamALAmAM 11 svara ane 34 vyaMjana maLI kula 45 varNa che. bArAkhaDInA 'e ane A mATe vyAkaraNazAstrIoe "svarAdi (svara jenA AraMbhe hoya che te) zabdaprayoga karyo che. bhASAzAstranI 24

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25 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa dRSTie A varNone svataMtra na gaNatAM "a ane anusvAra ke "a ne visarganuM saMyogarUpa ja kahevuM rahyuM. kSu" ane "sune svataMtra vyaMjana gaNavAmAM AvatA nathI. kAraNa spaSTa che. zabdamAM vyaMjanone svara sAthe meLavIne vaparAya che. dA.ta. motiyo' = m + o + tu + $ + yu + o. * kyAreka svara sAthe bhaLyA vagarano vyaMjana vaparAya che. AvA vyaMjanane khoDa ke ardha vyaMjana kahevAmAM Ave che. dA.ta. "arthAtumAM "tuM. keTalIka vAra be ke traNa vyaMjano svaranI meLavaNI vinA sAthosAtha AvI jAya che tyAre te joDAkSara ke saMyuktAkSara kahevAya che. dA.ta. zuM (ku + 5), s (n + ), tra (t + 2), cha (6 + 8 + 2), stra (s + t + 2). dareka joDAkSara kyA kyA vyaMjanono banelo che ane te kevI rIte lakhAya che te ApaNe jANI levuM joIe. nIcenA joDAkSaro kyA vyaMjananA banelA che te jo barAbara khyAlamAM haze to bolavAmAM ke lakhavAmAM bhUla paDaze nahi. dra (d + 2+ a) 8 (d + + a) & (k + yu + 1) da (d + R) gha (d + yu + a) hna ( + na + 1) 8 (d + + a) 5 (6 + + a) dhdha (dhu+ v + a) 6 (d + 6 + a) hma (hu+m + a) % (s + 6 + 1) zva ( + s + a) 8 (huM + R) - (tu + 8) zra (s + 2 + a) huM (9 + 2 + a) - (tu + 2 + 1) sa (s + 2 + a) (tu + t + a) s (s + R) - (tu + yu + 1) da, su, hR. tR vyaMjana sAthe svara joDAIne banelA che eTale e joDAkSara na kahevAya. joDAkSaramAM (vyaMjana sAthe svara nahi paNa) vyaMjana sAthe vyaMjana joDAyelo hoya che. ahIM to lipinI dRSTie ja A akSaro paNa samAvyA che. nIcenA akSaronA bheda paNa noMdhapAtra che : jI - ji R - (2) - () .

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26 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa anusvAra ke visarga sIdhesIdhA laMjana pachI AvI zakatA nathI. anusvAra svaranI pachI ke vyaMjanamAM svara umerAyA pachI Ave che. dA.ta. saMpatti, suMdara, svaranI pachI (anu" eTale pachI ke pAchaLa ) eno uccAra thAya che mATe te anusvAra kahevAya che. saMskRta zabdonA anunAsikonI jagyAe gujarAtImAM ghaNuMkharuM AgalA svara para anusvAra lakhavAmAM Ave che. dA.ta. saMskRtamAM - sampatti, sura. paNa gujarAtImAM - saMpatti, suMdara, gujarAtImAM paNa saMskRtanI jema sampatti ke sundrA lakhIe to te khoTuM nathI. vi (vizeSa) + suju (choDavuM) maLIne visarga zabda banyo che. jeno uccAra karatAM zvAsane vizeSa choDI devAmAM Ave che te visarga. visarga ekalA svara pachI AvI zakato nathI, paNa vyaMjana sAthe maLelA svara pachI ja Ave che. dA.ta. manaHsRSTi, duHkha. 2. svara : svaranA mukhya be prakAra che. hrasva ane dIrtha. a, i. uM, R - A cAra svarano uccAra hrasva (TUMko) che mATe te hrasva svara kahevAya che. A, I, U, e, ai, o, au - A sAta svarano uccAra dIrgha (lAMbo) che mATe te dIrgha svara kahevAya che. * A svaromAMnA e. e. o. au - A svataMtra svara nathI. paNa judA judA svaranI meLavaNIthI banyA che. aM ke "A nI sAthe 'I' ke 'I' maLatAM "e'; "aM ke "AnI sAthe "e" maLatAM ai; "a ke "AnI sAthe u' ke 'U maLatAM 'o'; "a" ke "AnI sAthe 'o maLatAM 'o thAya che. eTale e "saMyukta dIrdhasvara' nAmathI paNa oLakhAya che. - A cAra (e, ai, o, au) ane bIjA traNa A, I. U maLI sAta svara mATe (sAdhita athavA) saMdhisvara evo zabdaprayoga paNa thAya che. je svara mULa svara uparathI sAbita thayelA (eTale ke banelA) hoya te sAdhita svara. pahelA cAra svara kayA kayA svara joDAIne banelA che te ApaNe upara joyuM che. bAkInA A. I. U e traNa svara a, i.

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2 7 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa u - e mULa svarone bevaDAvavAthI banyA che.' A sivAya bIjI rIte paNa svaranA be prakAra pADavAmAM Ave che : (1) sajAtIya ane (2) vijAtIya. eka ja sthAnamAMthI bolAtA svaro Apa ApanA saMbaMdhe sajAtIya ke savarNa kahevAya che. dA.ta. a" ane "A", "i" ane "I', "u" ane "U'. "a"nuM kaMThasthAna che "I. ane AnuM paNa kaMThasthAna che. "InuM tAlusthAna che ane "InuM paNa tAsthAna che. unuM oSThasthAna che ane UnuM paNa oSThasthAna che. judAM judAM sthAnomAMthI bolAtA svaro Apa ApasanA saMbaMdha vijAtIya (ke asavarNa) kahevAya che. dA.ta. "a-AnA vijAtIya svaro I. I, u, U; i-InA vijAtIya svaro a. A. , U; "u-UnA vijAtIya svaro a. A, i. I. svaronAM uccArasthAna A pramANe che : "a-A- kaMTha, i-I - tAlu, 'R-mUrdhA,- "u-U- oSTha, e-ai-kaMThatAlu, "o-au-kaMThaoSTha. svaronA uccArasthAna nIce pramANe darzAvI zakAya : svara | kyAMthI bolAya che? sthAna kevo kahevAya ? a-A gugaLAmAMthI-kaMThamAMthI kiMThasthAna kaca i-I |tALavAmAMthI tAlusthAna tAlavya u-U |hoThamAMthI oSThasthAna okya 28 |mUrdhAmAMthI mULasthAna mUrdhanya e-ai kiMTha ane tALavAmAMthI kiMTha ane tAlu0Ana | kekyatAlavya o-au| kaMTha ane hoThamAMthI kiMTha ane oSThasthAna kaMThaukya 3. vyaMjana : - sparzanI dRSTie varNanA mukhya be prakAra che : sparza ne asparza. vyaMjana sparza varNa che; svara asparza varNa che. vyaMjananA mukhya be prakAra che : vargIya ane avargIya. ku thI mu. sudhInA pacIsa vyaMjanone nIce pramANe pAMca vargamAM vaheMcI zakAya che mATe te vargIya vyaMjana kahevAya che. A vyaMjanono

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 28 uccAra karatI vakhate jIbha moMnA judA judA bhAgone barAbara aDe che. mATe e sparza vyaMjana nAmathI paNa oLakhAya che. vargIya athavA sparza vyaMjano uccArasthAna | kaMTha(gaLA)mAMthI bolAya che. | bolatAM jIbha tAlune (tALavAna) aDe che. bolatAM jIbha mUrdhA (dAMtanA mULanA uparanA bhAgane aDe bolatAM jIbha dAMtane krama vyaMjano 1. |, kh, gu, v, g 2. |, , jU, jhU, g 3. | c, , D. , g 4. | tu, th, . , n pa. | p, ph, b, bh, m vyaMjana yU. z ra SU NU lU, s aDe che.. bolatAM hoTha ekabIjAne aDe che. uccArasthAna tAlu (tALavuM) che. mULa dAMtanuM mULa dAMta ane oTha So prakAra kaMThya . varga daMtya -- tAlavya ca - varga mUrdhanya Ta vaga uparokta sivAyanA nIcenA vyaMjanono uparanA pAMca vargo paikI koI paNa vargamAM samAveza thaI zakato nathI tethI te avargIya vyaMjano kahevAya che. A vyaMjanono uccAra karatI vakhate jIbha uccArasthAnone barAbara sparza karatI nathI. A vyaMjano prabaLa nahi paNa iSatu - AchA - sparzavALA che. mATe A iSat sparza vyaMjana tarIke paNa oLakhAya che. avargIya vyaMjanonAM uccArasthAna A pramANe che : avargIya athavA asparza (iSat sparza) vyaMjano varga ta - varga otjhaya 5 - varga prakAra tAlavya mUrdhanya daMtya daMtyauchya kaMThya

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 29 vyaMjanonA A uparAMta (1) alpaprANa ane (2) mahAprANa e jAtanA paNa prakAra pADavAmAM Ave che. je vyaMjanano uccAra karatI vakhate ochA prANavAyunI jarUra paDe che te alpaprANa ane vadhAre prANavAyunI jarUra paDe che te mahAprANa, bIjI rIte kahIe to alpaprANa vyaMjanamAM saheja '* umerIne bolAya che tyAre e mahAprANa thAya che. jema ke krU' e alpaprANa paNa emAM 'h' umerIne bolatAM 'kha' bolAya tyAre te mahAprANa banI jAya. dareka varganA pahelA, trIjA ane pAMcamA vyaMjano tathA yU. 2. s. v b e alpaprANa vyaMjano ane dareka varganA bIjA, cothA tathA z brU. s, hU~ e mahAprANa vyaMjano che. sthAna pramANe alpaprANa ane mahAprANa vyaMjanone ApaNe A pramANe koThAmAM goThavI zakIe : sthAna alpa mahA alpa mahA alpa alpa mahA mahA prANa prANa prANa prANa prANa prANa prANa prANa g hU kaMTha tAlu mUrdhA daMta thU dU khU chU 6 thU tU oSTha yU I bU daMtao dhU jU m khr bha mtr z tr sU | Jay | UM \ * * * / 11 1 'anunAsika' ane 'anusvAra' aMge paNa ahIM ja spaSTatA karI laIe. ph g g na, m A pAMceya sparza vyaMjana che. emano uccAra karatAM vAyuno thoDoka bhAgA nAsikA(nAka)mAMthI paNa pasAra thAya che. A kAraNathI e nAsikAnA vyaMjano eTale ke 'anunAsika vyaMjano' kahevAya che. ApaNe lakhatI vakhate 'aMga' ke 'aGga', 'daMDa' ke 'daNDa', 'maMtra' ke 'mantra', 'laMba' ke 'lamba' baMne rIte lakhIe chIe. A dareka zabdamAM pahelI vAra lakhAyela che tyAM badhe svarane mAthe (eTale ke sasvara vyaMjanane mAthe) nAnakaDuM biMdu karyuM che. A biMdune anusvAra nAmathI oLakhavAmAM Ave che. A biMdu niHsvara anunAsika che. A dareka zabdamAM bIjI vAra

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30 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa lakhAyela che tyAM badhe anusvAranuM anunAsikamAM rUpAMtara karyuM che. i, uM, RnI sAthe yi, vu, runuM paNa uccAraNa karI joIe. ahIM svara ane vyaMjana baMnenA uccAraNamAM atyaMta maLatApaNuM che. AnuM kAraNa e che ke A yU. v ane r e traNa vyaMjanomAM anukrame i, u ane R e traNa svarono alpAlpa aMza rahelo che. i, u, R (ane lU) e cAra varNa ardhasvara che ane ardhavyaMjana che- eTale ke e cAre varNa svara ane vyaMjana bene madhyabhAge AvelA che. vyAkaraNamAM ene 'ardhasvara' athavA 'aMtaHstha' ('aMtaH' eTale,'vacce ane 'sva' eTale 'sthAna pAmelA') nAmathI oLakhavAmAM Ave che. ('La'ne ApaNe aMtaHstha kahIzuM.) z, p nuM uccAraNa karI joIe. A traNe varNonuM uccAraNa karatAM moMmAMthI sUsavAto vAyuno pravAha dhase che. A pravAha 'uSmA' kahevAya che. A kAraNathI vyAkaraNamAM A vyaMjanone 'uSmAkSara' nAmathI oLakhavAmAM Ave che. ('hU'ne paNa ApaNe uSmAkSara kahIzuM.) vyaMjanonA sthAna ane sparzanA bheda uparAMta ApaNe alpaprANa ane mahAprANa evA bheda paNa pADyA- emAMthI UThatA ghoSa(nAdaraNakAra)nI dRSTie paNa ApaNe emanA vaLI pAchA be vadhu bheda pADI zakIe. A be bhedu che : (1) ghoSa ane (2) aghoSa eka vAra k b bolIe ne bIjI vAra gu, v, p bolIe. eka vAra cU b bolIe ne bIjI vAra jU, jhU jhU bolIe. eka vAra TU, D bolIe ne bIjI vAra D, Dha, Na, bolIe. eka vAra tU, th bolIe ne bIjI vAra . . n bolIe. eka vAra pu ph bolIe ne bIjI vAra b, bhU m bolIe. eka vAra z. pU. s bolIe ne bIjI vAra yU. 2, la, va, D b bolIe eka vAra bolIe chIe tyAre kaThora avAja nIkaLe che. bIjI vAra bolIe chIe tyAre komaLa ke mRdu avAja nIkaLe che. kaThora avAjavALA vyaMjano aghoSa vyaMjana nAmathI oLakhAya che. komaLa avAjavALA vyaMjanone ghoSa nAmathI oLakhavAmAM Ave che. k, p c . 2. . tU, th, pR. . z, p, s e 13 aghoSa vyaMjano che. gU, dh krU, jU, jhU gU, D. . zU. 6. dhU, n, bU, bhU, m, yU, rU, lU, vU, hU~, g e

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31 | saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa ra1 ghoSa vyaMjano che. ghoSa ane aghoSa vyaMjanone koThAmAM A rIte darzAvI zakAya : sthAna | aghoSa | ghoSe | ghoSa | aghoSa | ghoSa | kaMTha 1ku khU ja jha 26 daMta | tuM zuM luM - oSTha | chuM bU bhU mU badhA svaro ghoSa vargo che. tAlu ymr `r lmr ||

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4. saMdhi svarasaMdhi : svarono uccAra svataMtra rIte thaI zake che. je varNa ke akSarano uccAra bIjA akSaronI meLavaNI vinA thAya che tene svara kahe che. a, A, i, I uM, U, R. e, ai, o, au - e svaro che. pustaka + Alaya (sthaLa) = pustakAlaya hima + Alaya = himAlaya jyAre be svara bhegA maLIne temano uccAra bhegA thAya tyAre tene svarasaMdhi kahe che. ' judA judA svaronI saMdhi kevI rIte thAya che te joIe ? (1) a + A = A dA.ta. deva + Alaya = devAlaya, naLa + AkAra = naLAkAra, phaLa + AhAra = phaLAhAra, viveka + AnaMda = vivekAnaMda. (2) A + a = A dA.ta. kadA + api = kadApi, tathA + api = tathApi. mithyA + abhimAna = mithyAbhimAna. (3) a + a = A dA.ta. sUrya + asta = sUryAsta, uttara + ayana = uttarAyana. deza + aTana = dezATana. deza + avara = dezAvara. (4) A + A = A dA.ta. mahA + AtmA = mahAtmA. sadA + AnaMda = sadAnaMda, ciMtA + Atura = ciMtAtura. (5) i + I I = I dA.ta. hari + Iza = harIza. " satI + za = satIza, kavi + Izvara = kavIzvara, mahI + za = mahIza. 32

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (6) i ! I + I + 6 = I dA.ta. hira + Indra (7) a | A + 3 | U (8) a | A + i I (11) 3 : U + 3 | U = = yogI + iMdra yogIndra, jati + iMdra = jatIndra, = o dA.ta. sUrya + udaya = sUryodaya, zALA + upayogI zALopayogI, AnaMda + Urmi = AnaMdormi, J = mahormi. mahA + Urmi e dA.ta. zubha + icchA = zubhecchA, mahA + indra = mahendra, parama + Izvara = paramezvara, mahA + Iza = maheza. eka = eka, = gaMgautha, (9) a A + e ! e = ai dA.ta. eka + sadA + eva = sadaiva, mAnava + aikya = mAnavaikya. (10) a huM A + o au = au dA.ta. vana + auSadhi = vanauSadhi, jala + otha = jalaugha, gaMgA + ogha mahA + auSadhi U dA.ta. bhAnu + udaya raghu + uttama radUttama. + ar dA.ta. sapta + RSi = saptirSi, mahA + RSi = maharSi (13) I pachI koI vijAtIya svara Ave to i no yU thAya che ane pAchaLano vijAtIya svara umerAya che. dA.ta. ati + aMta atyaMta, vi + utpatti vyutpatti, abhi + Agata = abhyAgat, prati + eka = pratyeka. = bhAnUdaya, = (12) a A = 8 = = - (14) 3 pachI koI vijAtIya svara sAtheno u no v thAya che ane pAchaLano vijAtIya svara umerAya che. dA.ta. su + alpa = svalpa, su + Agata svAgata, sAdhu + I = sAdhvI, anu + eSaNa = anveSaNa. = harIndra, -*** - mahauSadhi. 33 =

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34 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa = (15) R pachI koI vijAtIya svara Ave to Rno rU thAya che ane pAchaLano vijAtIya svara umerAya che. dA.ta. pitR'+ arthe pitrarthe, pitR + Adeza pitrAdeza, vidhAtR + I = vidhAtrI. (16) e, ai, o, au pachI koI vijAtIya svara Ave to eno aya, aino Aya, ono ava, auno Ava thAya che ane temAM pAchaLano vijAtIya svara umerAya che. dA.ta. ne + ana = nayana, gai + aka gAyaka, bho + ana = bhavana, pau + aka pAvaka, nau + Ika = nAMvika. == 1 vyaMjana saMdhi : = (1) z + kaThora vyaMjana = k + kaThora vyaMjana dA.ta. dig + pAla = dikpAla (2) z + mRdu vyaMjana ke svara = diggaja (3) (4) (5) = (6) (7) = dA.ta. dil + gaz2a cU + kaThora vyaMjana = k + kaThora vyaMjana dA.ta. vAg + pati = vAkSita g + mRdu vyaMjana ke svara = dA.ta. vAcu + devatA vAdevatA p + kaThora vyaMjana = T + kaThora vyaMjana = g + mRdu vyaMjana ke svara D + mRdu vyaMjana ke svara dA.ta. SaN + pa = SaTpada 1 + mRdu vyaMjana ke svara = dA.ta. SaN + Anana SaDAnana sparzIya kaThora vyaMjana + mRdu vyaMjana ke svara = kaThora vyaMjananA vargano trIjo vyaMjana + mRdu vyaMjana ke svara dA.ta. jagat + guru jagadguru, sat + AcAra = sadAcAra. (8) anunAsika vinAno vargIya mRdu vyaMjana + kaThora vyaMjana = mRdu vyaMjananA vargano pahelo vyaMjana + kaThora vyaMjana. dA.ta. saMpad + kAla = saMpatakAla, kakam + prAnta = kaphaprAnta. = = g + mRdu vyaMjana ke svara

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 35 anya udAharaNo : puruSa + uttama = puruSottama karuNA + AnaMda = karuNAnaMda nIla + aMbara = nIlAMbara parama + Izvara = paramezvara dhaMdhA + arthe = dhaMdhArthe nava + UDhA = navoDhA su + accha = svaccha brahma + aMDa = brahmAMDa praNaya + Urmi = praNayami sama + aMtara = samAMtara prati + akSa = pratyakSa pari + ikSA = parIkSA vRddha + avasthA = vRddhAvasthA loka + apavAda = lokApavAda ciMtA + Atura = ciMtAtura kalpa + aMta = kalpAMta vi + avatAra = vyavahAra siddha + aMta = siddhAMta prati + eka = pratyeka puruSa + artha = puruSArtha vi + AyAma = vyAyAma viveka + AnaMda = vivekAnaMda dakSiNa + Izvara = dakSiNezvara | nara + indra = narendra deva + indra = devendra bhuvana + IzvarI = bhuvanezvarI vi + AkhyAna = vyAkhyAna veda + aMtara = vedAMta vArtA + AlApa = vArtAlApa su + Agata = svAgata hima + Alaya = himAlaya jaLa + udara = jaLodara sadA + va = sadaiva " vi + AyAma = vyAyAma carita + artha = caritArtha . * zabda + artha = zabdArtha mahattva + AkAMkSA = mahattvAkAMkSA vidyA + abhyAsa = vidyAbhyAsa vidyA + arthI = vidyArthI takhta +'Izvara = takhezvara smaraNa + arthe = smaraNArthe para + upakAra = paropakAra pra + arthanA = prArthanA satya + Agraha = satyAgraha upa + AlaMbha = upAlaMbha rAjA + indra = rAjendra

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5. samAsa ApaNA lakhANane TUMkuM ane sacoTa banAvavAnA udezathI ApaNe samAsano upayoga karIe chIe. be ke tethI vadhu zabdo joDAIne eka Akho zabda bane tene samAsa kahe che. samAsanA bahuvrIhi, avyayIbhAva, dvandra, tapuruSa, karmadhAraya, dvigu vagere prakArone ApaNe samajIe. 1. bahuvati samAsa : nIcenA samAso juo : kamaLanayana : kamaLa jevAM nayana zvetAMbara : zveta (sapheda) aMbara (vastra) vajahRdaya : vija jevuM hRdaya A samAsomAM pUrvapada vizeSaNa ane uttarapada vizeSya che. eTale te karmadhAraya samAsa che. bahuvrIhi samAsamAM paNa pUrvapada vizeSaNa ane uttarapada vizeSya hoya che. eTale uparanA zabdone bahuvrIhi samAsamAM mUkI zakAya. phera mAtra eTalo ke karmadhAraya samAsa haMmezAM nAma (saMjJA) tarIke ja Ave che. jyAre bahuvrIhi samAsano prayoga haMmezAM vizeSaNa tarIke thAya che. dA.ta. nIcenA vAkyo juo : teNe nAhIne zvetAMbara dhAraNa karyA. zvetAMbara jaina mUrtine pUje che. pahelA vAkyamAM "zvetAMbara' samAsa nAma (saMjJA) tarIke Ave che ane bIjA vAkyamAM e ja zabda vizeSaNa tarIke Ave che. pahelA vAkyamAM eno vigraha 'zveta (sapheda) aMbara (vastra)' evo thAya che. jyAre bIjI vAkyamAM "zveta che aMbara jenAM e evo thAya che. Ama, samAsanA nAma ke vizeSaNa tarIke thayela prayoga parathI tene anukrame karmadhAraya ke bahuvrIhi tarIke oLakhI zakAya che. bahuvrIhi zabda ja A samAsanuM dRSTAMta che. bahu che vrIhi (DAMgara) jene ema eno vigraha thAya che. . 36

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa bahuvrIhinA prakAro : nIce ApelAM bahuvrIhinAM bIjAM udAharaNo juo : tapodhana : tapa che dhana jenuM te. kRtArtha H kRta (thayo) che artha (hetu) jeno te. trinetra : traNa che netro jene. kamatAkAta : ochI che tAkAta jenI te. 68 ahIM samAsanAM baMne pado (tapa ane 'dhana, dhRta ane artha vagere) eka ja vibhaktimAM che. tethI tene samAnAdhikaraNa bahuvrIhi kahe che. (samAnAdhikaraNa eTale vibhakti). have A dRSTAMto juo : vINApANi : vINA che pANi(hAtha)mAM jenA te. dAmodara : dAma (doraDuM) che udara jenuM te. ahIM pUrva ane uttara pada (vINA ane pANi, dAma ane uda2) judI judI vibhaktimAM che. mATe tene tyadhikaraNa bahuvrIhi kahe che. A prakAranA bahuvrIhi prayoga javalle ja thAya che. nIcenAM dRSTAMto juo : nAhiMmata : jene hiMmata nathI te. alaya : jene bhaya nathI te. anuttama : jenAthI uttama nathI te. nAstika : je Astika nathI te. ahIM 'a', 'ana', 'nA', 'na', 'ne' vagere niSedhAtmaka anvayo pUrvapada tarIke AvyAM che. A prakArane nam bahuvrIhi kahe che. nIcenAM dRSTAMto juo : nirdaya : nirgata che dayA jemAMthI te. prabaLa : prakRSTa (puSkaLa) che baLa jenuM te. vidhavA : vigata che dhava (pati) jeno te. UMco che. kaMTha jeno te. utkaMTha : benamUna : jeno namUno nathI te. ahIM 'nis', 'pra', 'vi', ut` vagere upasargo pUrvapada tarIke

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38 AvyAM che. A prakArane prAdi bahuvrIhi kahe che. nIcenAM dRSTAMto juo : sahetuka : hetu che jenI sAthe te. sahakuTuMba : kuTuMba che jenI sAthe te. sateja : teja che jenI sAthe te. A rIte jenuM pUrvapada 'sa' ke 'sahaM hoya tene sahabahuvrIhi kahe che. mArAmArI, dhakkAmukkI, hoMsAtUsI, doDAdoDI, taDAphaDI, bAthuMbAthA. rokakaLa, hasAhasa, nAsAnAsa vagere zabdo kriyA vAraMvAra thatI batAve che. A samAsone karmavyavahAra bahuvrIhi kahe che. kahe che. saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa samazItoSNa : sarakhAM che zIta ane uSNa jemAM te. dvitIyakarmapradhAna : bIjuM karma cheM jemAM pradhAna (mukhya) te. ubhayapadapradhAna : ubhaya pada che jemAM pradhAna (mukhya) te. A samAsomAM traNa pada AvelAM che. mATe tene tripadI bahuvrIhi 2. avyayIbhAva : nIcenA samAsonA pUrvapada juo : : artha pramANe yathArtha AjIvana : jIvana sudhI uparavADa : vADa upara adhomukha : mukha nIcuM rAkhIne ahIM pUrvapadamAM 'yathA', 'A', 'upara', 'adho' jevA avyayo che. A avyaya ja samAsamAM mukhya hoya che. tenI asara samasta pada upara evI paDe che ke AkhA samAsane te avyaya banAvI de che. eTale AvA samAsane avyayIbhAva kahe che. avyayIbhAva samAsamAM keTalIka vAra (1) uparanAM udAharaNomAM che tema pUrvapada avyaya ane uttarapada nAma (saMjJA) hoya che. pratipaLa, niraMtara, dararoja vagere tenAM bIjAM dRSTAMto che. (2) pUrvapada avyaya ane uttarapada vizeSaNa hoya che. dA.ta.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 39 yathApUrva : pahelAM mujaba yathAyogya : yogya hoya tema (3) dvanda samAsa : nIcenA samAso juo : bhAIbahena : bhAI ane bahena mAtApitA : mAtA ane pitA hArajIta : hAra ane jIta beeka : be ke eka ahIM samAsonAM pado 'ane, "athavA', kethI joDAyAM che. jo samAsonAM pado ane", "athavA. "kethI joDAyAM hoya to te samAsane vaMdva samAsa kahe che. laMda eTale joDakuM. patipatnI, naranArI, rAtadivasa, rAyaka, rAdhAkRSNa, zALAkaoNleja vagere tenAM udAharaNo che. (4) karmadhAraya samAsa : je samAsanAM be pado vacce vizeSaNa ane vizeSyano saMbaMdha hoya te samAsane karmadhAraya kahe che. dA.ta. mahAdeva : mahAna deva nIlAmbara : nIla aMbara sajjana : sAro mANasa maharSi : mahARSi uSNodaka : uSNa udaka(pANI) narAdhama : nara adhama vagere (pa) tatparuSa samAsa : nIcenA samAso juo : kaLAdhara : kaLAne dhAraNa karanAra - bIjI vibhakti vidhinirmita : vidhithI nirmita - trIjI vibhakti kamarapaTTo : kamara mATe paTTo - cothI vibhakti rogamukta : rogathI mukta - pAMcamI vibhakti gharadhaNI : gharano dhaNI - chaThThI vibhakti kAryakuzaLa : kAryamAM kuzaLa - sAtamI vibhakti

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40 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa A samAsanAM pado koI ne koI vibhaktinA saMbaMdhathI joDAyelAM che. A rIte vibhaktinA saMbaMdhathI joDAyelA samAsane taMtpaSa samAsa kahe che. A samAsanA cha prakAra che. ' | (ka) dvitIyA tapuruSa : ahIM baMne pado dvitIyAnA pratyaya nethI joDAyelAM hoya che. dA.ta. rAjAzrita : rAjAne Azrita azvArUDha : azvane ArUDha devAdhIna : devane AdhIna (kha) tRtIyA tapuruSa : ahIM baMne pado tRtIyAnA pratyayo 'thI', 'thakI', 'vaDe thI joDAyelAM hoya che. dA.ta. mukhapATha : mukhathI pATha hatabhayo : hetathI bharyA karuNArka : karuNAthI ArTa (ga) caturthI taskuruSaH ahIM baMne pado caturthInA pratyayo ne, "mATe thI joDAyelAM hoya che. dA.ta. yajJavedI : yajJa mATe vedI kumArazALA: kumAra mATe zALA vATakhaca : vATa mATe kharca paMcamI tapuruSa : ahIM baMne pado paMcamInA pratyayo thI', 'thakIthI joDAyelAM hoya che. dA.ta. sthAnabhraSTa : sthAnathI bhraSTa bhayabhIta : bhayathI bhIta prANapyAru : prANathI pyAruM (6) SaSThI tapuruSa : ahIM baMne pado SaSThInA pratyayo no', "nI', 'nuM, 'nAthI joDAyelAM hoya che. dA.ta. devAlaya : devanuM Alaya nagarapati : nagarano prati yogAbhyAsa : yogano abhyAsa (ca) saptamI tapuruSa : ahIM baMne pado saptamInA pratyayo

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41 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 'mAM, 'e vagerethI joDAyelAM hoya che. dA.ta. ' kalAnipuNa : kalAmAM nipuNa * vyavahArakuzaLa : vyavahAramAM kuzaLa puruSottama : puruSomAM uttama (6) madhyamapadalopI samAsa : zabdanAM be padono vigraha karatAM. be pado alaga pADatAM, vaccenA trIjA padanA lopano khyAla Ave tyAre te samAsane madhyamapadalopI samAsa kahe che. dA.ta. mahattvAkAMkSA : mahattvapUrNa AkAMkSA citrakaLA : citra doravAnI kaLA (7) dvigu samAsa : be padonA vigrahathI samUhano artha banAve te dvigu.samAsa kahevAya che. dA.ta. paMcapAtra : paMca pAtrono samUha | navarAtra : nava rAtriono samUha anya udAharaNo : caturbhuja thAya che bhujA (hAtha) jene te bahuvrIhi jagajIvana jaganuM jIvana saMbaMdha tapuruSa rAmanArAyaNa rAma ane nArAyaNa hRddha aMtarajAmI aMtaramAM pravezanAra upapada kAgavANI kAganI vANI - saMbaMdha tapuruSa tulasIkASTha tulasInuM kASTha saMbaMdha tapuruSa pitAputrI * pitA ane putrI nabApAM nathI bApa jemano te ' baddhati marmavacana marmathI bharelAM vacana madhyamapadalopI vaDasAsu vaDI sAsu karmadhAraya vasaMtakuMja vasaMtamAM khIlelI kuMja (ghaTA) - madhyamapadalopI amarasuMdarI amaro(devo)nI suMdarI saMbaMdha tapuruSa mAyAbharI mAyA vaDe bharI kiraNa tapuruSa annapUrNA anna pUranArI upapada tapuruSa gheraghera ghera ane ghera

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42 upapada saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa vaNavALyo na vALyo nagna tapuruSa nabhavitAna nabharUpI vitAna (caMdaravo) karmadhAraya jalaraMga jala sAthe meLavIne vAparavAnA raMga madhyamapadalopI jalaparI jalamAM rahetI parI vAdaLapotuM vAdaLarUpI potuM karmadhAraya jhAkaLabuMda jhAkaLanuM buMda saMbaMdha tapuruSa mRgajaLa mRgane lobhAvatuM jaLa madhyamapadalopI. janakajananI janaka ane jananI priyavacana priya che vacana jenAM te baddhati himabharyo ' hima vaDe bharyo karaNa tapuruSa kRSi karanAra upapada rasahInA rasa vaDe hIna karaNa tapuruSa aMtaryAmI aMtaramAM pravezanAra anupama nathI upamA jene mATe te baddhati vimalamukha vimala che mukha jenuM te, mahAmRtyu mahAna evuM mRtyu karmadhAraya asatya satya nahi te nagna tapuruSa rAtadina rAta ane dina layalIna - layamAM lIna adhikaraNa tapuruSa ajANatAM na jANatAM nagna tapuruSa ThAmaThekANuM ThAma ke ThekANuM sTezanachAparuM sTezananuM chAparuM saMbaMdha tapuruSa mitabharI smita vaDe bharI karaNa tapuruSa vRddhAvasthA vRddha evI avasthA karmadhArayA rAjInAmuM rAjIthI lakheluM nAmuM madhyamapadalopI nirAdhAra nirgata (nIkaLI gayelo) che AdhAra jeno te -bahuvrIhi aThavADiyuM sAta vArano samUha karmadhArayA nanAmI nathI nAma jemAM te bahuvrIhi miSTAnna miSTa evuM anna karmadhAraya sevApUjA sevA ane pUjA

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 43 kamanasIba kama evuM nasIba karmadhAraya vagaralADue lADu vagara * avyayIbhAva bephikara nathI phikara jene te bahuvrIhi khIcaDIkhAu khIcaDIno khAu (khAnAra) saMbaMdha tapuruSa rUMverUMve rUMve ane rUMve pratyakSa akSi (AMkha) sAme avyayIbhAva naciMta nathI ciMtA jene te bahuvrIhi aNadIThI dIThI nahi te nam tapuruSa kAgaLakAyA kAgaLa jevI kAyA karmadhArayA aniSTa iSTa nahi te nagna taskuruSa manoratha manarUpI ratha karmadhAraya bhayaMkara bhaya upajAvanAra alaMka tapuruSa suputra sAro putra prAdi tapuruSa kharAba guNa vikhyAta vizeSa khyAla sajjana 'sAro jana gurudeva guru e ja deva karmadhAraya navayuga navo yuga - kavirAja kavi e ja rAjA bhoLAnAtha bhoLA evA nAtha tailacitra : talavALA raMgothI doreluM citra * madhyamapadalopI gaganabhedI gaganane bhedanAra upapada tapuruSa ghoDesavArI ghoDe (ghoDA upara) savArI aluka tapuruSa navadasa nava ke dasa nirAzAjanaka nirAzAno janaka saMbaMdha taruSa dhUpasaLI dhUpa mATe saLI saMpradAna tapuruSa sabhAgRha sabhA ane gRha - tApInadI tApI ane nadI karmadhAraya pUrvadizA pUrva e ja dizA karmadhAraya

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6. tatsama, tadbhava ane dRzya zabdo bhASAmAM zabdanuM sthAna mahattvanuM che.. zabda na hoya to bhApA na bane, ane bhASA na hoya to ApaNe ApaNA vicAro vyakta karI zakIe nahi. bhASA ApaNAmAMnA ghaNAkharA mANasone mana vicAra vyakta karavAnuM mAtra sAdhana che. eTaluM ja nahi paNa e bhaNelAM, abhAra. mAMdAM, khoDakhAMpaNavALAM, dezI, paradezI, badhAM ja mANasonAM moDhAMmAM ramatI hovAthI, enI zuddhi svAbhAvika rIte ja jaLavAtI nathI ane enA uccAromAM paNa ghaNo pheraphAra thayA karato hoya che. pariNAme, bhASAmAM keTalAka zabdonuM mULa ane zuddha rUpa jaLavAI rahyuM hoya che to keTalAka zabdo mULa zabdomAM pheraphAra thatAM taiyAra thayelA hoya che. ApaNI gujarAtI bhASA marAThI, hindI, baMgALI vagere bIjI keTalIka bhASAonI jema saMskRtamAMthI UtarI AvI che. eTale emAM keTalAka zabdo mULa saMskRtamAM che te ja svarUpamAM jaLavAI rahyA che ane keTalAka zabdo saMskRta zabdomAM pheraphAra thatAM taiyAra thayelA che. dAkhalA tarIke, saMskRta, manuSya, yatna, prasaMga, kavitA, vAcana vagere zabdonuM mULa saMskRtamAM che te ja svarUpa jaLavAI rahyuM che. eTale tene tatsat zabdo kahevAmAM Ave che. tatuM eTale te, saMskRta: sama eTale jevA. tatsama eTale saMskRta jevA ja. kAma, mAraga. AMkha, hAtha, gujarAtI, AMgaLI vagere keTalAka zabdo e rIte. zuddha saMskRta rUpanA nathI : paNa koI ne koI saMskRta zabda uparathI UtarI AvelA che. dAkhalA tarIke kAma rna parathI, mAraga mA parathI, to hAtha hasta parathI UtarI AvyA che. saMskRta parathI e UtarI AvyA hovAthI ene tamava zabdo kahevAmAM Ave che. taduM eTale te. saMskRta: mava eTale utpanna thayelA. UtarI AvelA. bhava eTale saMskRtamAMthI UtarI AvelA. taddabhava zabdo, alabatta. phAve tema UtarI AvatA nathI. paNa bhASAzAstranA keTalAka rniyamo pramANe ja mULa zabdomAM vikAra-pheraphAra thatAM banatA hoya che. 44

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 45 A taddabhava zabdomAMnA keTalAka saMskRtamAMthI vAgUvyApAranA niyamo pramANe pheraphAra thatAM, prAkRtomAM thaIne gujarAtImAM UtarI AvyA hoya che. tene prAcIna taddabhava kahevAmAM Ave che. dAkhalA tarIke saMskRta sarvanuM prAkRtamAM janma thaI gujarAtImAM kAma thayuM. e ja pramANe prArabdha-ra-rAna, hasta-haltha-hAtha vagere zabdo prAcI tadubhava kahevAya che. keTalAka zabdo e rIte prAkRtamAM thaIne na AvatAM sIdhesIdhA saMskRtamAMthI ja varNavikriyA thatAM gujarAtImAM AvyA hoya che. IsvIsananA navamA-dasamA saikAmAM bauddha dharmanuM jora narama paDatAM brAhmaNonuM jora vadhyuM. emaNe bhASAmAM tabhava zabdone badale zuddha saMskRta zabdono prayoga karavAno Agraha rAkhyo. e zabdo pAchAM lokajIbhe pharatAM pharatAM vikriyA pAmyA. evA zabdo arvAcIna tadabhava kahevAya che. dAkhalA tarIke saMskRta dharmamAMthI sIdhuM "dharama thayuM, e ja rIte karmanuM "karama, manuM 'mAraga ane varSanuM 'varasa thayuM. A badhA zabdo arvAcIna tadbhava kahevAya che. A tatsama ane taddabhava zabdo uparAMta ApaNI bhASAmAM aneka zabdo evA che, jenuM mULa saMskRtamAM, prAkRtamAM ke aMgrejI, phArasI jevI videzI bhASAmAM nathI maLatuM. AMryo A dezamAM AvyA tyAre potAnI sAthe saMskRta bhASA lAvelA. tene ApaNA dezamAM pracAra thayo. tema chatAM A dezanA mULa Ayetara bIjAonI bhASAnA keTalAka zabdo jaLavAI rahyA. evA zabdomAMthI je zabdo gujarAtImAM AvyA te zabdone Trekya athavA rezaLa kahevAmAM Ave che, DuM, dhAMdhala, ghughavATa, uMbaro. peTa, dhaDAko, daDabaDATI vagere deya che. ApaNI bhASAmAM A rIte traNa prakAranA zabdo che : tatsama, taddabhava (prAcIna ane arvAcIna) ane deya. ApaNI bhASAmAM aMgrejI, phArasI, porTugIjha vagere bhASAomAMthI paNa zabdo AvyA che. te zabdo paNa tatsama ane tabhava, banne prakAranA hoya che. Tebala, sTezana, pensila vagere zabdo tatsama che, hAphusa. iskotaro vagere zabdo tabhava che. tat eTale te: mULa bhASA.

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7. liMga ane vacana 1. saMjJA : liMga ane vacana (a) saMjJAnuM liMga : je pada vyakti, padArtha, guNa, bhAva ke kriyAno nirdeza karatuM hoya ane vAkyamAM kartA ke karmane sthAne AvI zakatuM hoya te saMjJA kahevAya che. A rIte "strI, puruSa ane bALaka saMjJA kahevAya. dAdA-dAdI, kAkA-kAkI, mAmA-mAmI, mAsA-mAsI, phuA-phoI, bhAI-bhAbhI e saMjJAomAM dareka pahelI saMjJA je vyaktino nirdeza kare che te puruSa che. tethI te saMjJAo puliMga che. A saMjJAomAM dareka bIjI saMjJA je vyaktino nirdeza kare che te vyakti strI che. tethI te saMjJAo strIliMga kahevAya che. uparanAM puruSa ane strInAM liMga to puliMga ane strIliMga kahIzuM. paNa "bALakane kayA liMgamAM gaNIzuM ? je vyakti puruSa che ke strI che tenI khabara na hoya te napuMsakaliMgamAM gaNAya che. e rIta bALaka" napuMsakaliMga gaNAze. liMga oLakhavA mATe eka tarakIba paNa ajamAvI zakAya : jene kevo' vizeSaNa lagADI zakAya te puMliMga; jene kevI vizeSaNa lagADI zakAya te strIliMga jene kevuM vizeSaNa lagADI zakAya te napuMsakaliMga. mANasa, pazupaMkhI ane jIvomAM puruSa ane strIno bheda dekhADanArA zabdo hoya che tene AdhAre puMliMga ke strIliMga nakkI thAya che. A rIte puruSa puMliMga che, to strI strIliMga che. bakaro puliMga che to bakarI strIliMga che. "cakalo' puliMga che to cakalI strIliMga che. uMdara" puMliMga che to 'uMdaraDI strIliMga che. A to thaI sajIva vastuonI vAta. paNa nirjIva vastuomAM paNa Ano bheda dhArIne puMliMga ke strIliMga nakkI karavAmAM Ave che. e rIte 'paTAro puliMga gaNIe chIe to peTI strIliMga gaNIe chIe. phUla, jhADa, pANI vagere evI saMjJAo che je nathI paMliMga ke nathI strIliMga. eTale evI saMjJA napuMsakaliMgamAM gaNIe chIe. 46

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 47 sAmAnya rIte aMte "ovALI saMjJAo puliMganI hoya che. jemake, ghoDo. chokaro, Tekaro. cheDe dIrgha 'I'vALI saMjJAo strIliMgamAM hoya che. jemake, ghoDI, chokarI, TekarI. aMte uM'vALI saMjJAo napuMsakaliMgamAM hoya che. jema ke- 'chokaruM, "mAthuM kapaDuM. uparAMta aMte "avALI saMjJAo sAmAnya rIte puMliMgamAM ke napuMsakaliMgamAM hoya che. jemake, hAtha, paga, sUrya vagere puMliMgamAM che ane nAka, ghara, citra vagere napuMsakaliMgamAM che. aMte AvALI saMjJAo strIliMgamAM ke peliMgamAM sAmAnya rIte hoya che. jemake, pUjA, mAtA, prArthanA vagere strIliMgamAM che ane rAjA, pitA, dAdA vagere puMliMgamAM che. aMte hRsva i vALI saMjJAo strIliMgamAM ke puMliMgamAM hoya che. jemake, buddhi, jAti, rAtri vagere strIliMgamAMthI ane pati, kavi, agni vagere puMliMgamAM che. Ama chatAM A bAbatamAM nIcenA jevo paNa taphAvata jovA maLe che e bhUlavA jevuM nathI. (1) aMte 'A' vALI saMjJA : caMdramA (puliMga), vArtA (strIliMga), - tAraMgA (napuMsakaliMga) (2) aMte avALI saMjJA : vAgha (puliMga), vAta (strIliMga), vahANa (napuMsakaliMga) (3) aMte hrasva 'i'vALI saMjJA : kavi (puliMga), jAti (strIliMga), asthi (napuMsakaliMga) (4) aMte dIrgha 'I'vALI saMjJA : mALI (puliMga), oraDI (strIliMga), pANI (napuMsakaliMga) (5) aMte hRsva "uvALI saMjJA : kheDu (puliMga), vahu (strIliMga), AMsu (napuMsakaliMga) (6) aMte dIrgha 'vALI saMjJA : kAbU (puliMga), jU (strIliMga), bhU (napuMsakaliMga) (7) aMte "ovALI saMjJA : loTo (puliMga), jaLo (strIliMga), mAM (napuMsakaliMga). bolanArane prANIonAM kudaratI liMganI jANa hoya che tyAM te strIpuruSano bheda sUcavAtI strIliMga ke puMliMga saMjJAo vApare che. paNa

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48 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa loTo-loTI, vATako-vATakI, pATalo-pATalI, khATalo-khATalI, bATalobATalI, deDako-deDakI, uMdaraDo-uMdaraDI jevAM sthaLe bhale puMliMga ke strIliMganuM sUcana thatuM hoya paNa hakIkatamAM to bolanAranA manamAM loTo, vATako. pATalo, khATalo, deDako eTale kadamAM moTo padArtha ke moTuM jaMtuM ane pATalI, loTI, vATakI, khATalI, deDakI eTale kadamAM nAno padArtha ke nAnuM jaMtu eTalo ja artha hoya che. e ja rIte gADuM-gADI, mATaluM-mATalI, kaDuM-kaDI jevAM sthaLe gADuM. mATaluM, kaDuM jevI napuMsakaliMga saMjJAo kadamAM moTI vastuo ane gADI. mATalI, kaDI jevI strIliMga saMjJAo kadamAM nAnI vastuono bheda sUcave vaLI, 'avAja kema puliMga ane medAna" kema napusaMkaliMga tene mATe koI kAraNa nathI. kabATane keTalAka puMliMga gaNe to keTalAka napuMsakaliMga gaNe ke "cAne keTalAka paMliMga gaNe to keTalAka strIliMga gaNe ane "caMpalane traNe liMgamAM mUke tyAre khAsa khulAso na paNa ApI zakAya. (ba) saMjJAnuM vacana : saMjJAnA vacana be che : (1) ekavacana ane (2) bahuvacana. jyAre saMjJAnuM rUpa eka vastu vize vAta karatuM hoya tyAre te saMjJAnuM rUpa ekavacanamAM ane bahu (eTale ke eka karatAM vadhAre) vastu vize vAta karatuM hoya tyAre te saMjJAnuM rUpa bahuvacanamAM manAya che. ekavacananuM bahuvacana zI rIte bane te paNa samajI levuM jarUrI che. vAMco : saMjJA ekavacana bahuvacana aMte "a'vALI deva aMte 'A'vALI devatA devatAo aMte hrasva IvALI kavi aMte dIrgha "ivALI copaDIo aMte hrasva uvALI aMte dIrgha U vALI jUo devo kivio copaDI guruo

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa eTale ke aMte A, A, i, I, uM ke UvALI ekavacananI saMjJAonuM bahuvacana 'o' pratyaya lagADIne thAya che. aMte 'o'vALI saMjJA : chokaro (ekavacana); chokarA-chokarAo (bahuvacana) eTle ke aMte 'o'vALI saMjJAonuM bahuvacana aMtanA 'o'no 'A' karIne athavA to 'A karIne sAthe pAcho 'o' pratyaya lagADavAthI thAya che. 49 aMte 'u'vALI saMjJA : bakaruM (ekavacana) - bakarAM ke bakarAMo (bahuvacana) eTale ke aMte 'u'vALI ekavacananI saMjJAonuM bahuvacana aMtanA u'no AM' karIne athavA to AM karIne sAthe pAchI 'o' pratyaya lagADavAthI thAya che. Ama chatAM (1) ghaNI vAra ekavacana ane bahuvacanamAM ekanuM eka rUpa paNa calAvavAmAM Ave che. jema ke, zaile badhAM phaLa khAdhAM. darzanAe ghaNI zALA joI. kheDUte badhI gAya ApI dIdhI (2) ghaNI vAra saMkhyA vadhAre hoya chatAM bahuvacananI saMjJA na vAparatAM ekavacananI saMjJA vAparavAmAM Ave che. jema ke, tamAzo jovA kaMI mANasa AvyuM hatuM. mANasa ! (3) ghaNI vAra hoya eka vacana paNa eno prayoga mAnArthe thato hoya to bahuvacanano artha laIne vAkyaracanA karAya che. jemake, pitAjI bolyA ne moTAbhAI khijAyA te joI gurujI nArAja thayA. (4) ghaNI vAra nIcenA jevA saMjogomAM ekavacana bahuvacananI jema vaparAya che. jema ke dezane Aje hajAro gAMdhInI jarUra che. (5) sAmAnya rIte keTalIka saMjJAo ekavacanamAM ja vaparAya che. jema ke. pANI, ghI, khAMDa, ghAsa, prema, AzA, gusso vagere. chatAM emano bahuvacanamAM paNa upayoga karavAmAM Ave che. jema ke, e hoziyAra che kAraNa ke eNe gAmagAmanAM pANI pIdhAM che. rAjA evA kaMIka gussAone ghoLIne pI jAya evo che.

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50 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (6) keTalIka saMjJAo ekavacananI hovA chatAM haMmezAM bahuvacanamAM ja vaparAya che. jema ke, ghauM, maga, tala, samAcAra, sogaMda, lagna, abhinaMdana, vaMdana, praNAma. (7) keTalAka roganI saMjJAo bahuvacanamAM ja vaparAya che. jema ke, orI, achabaDA, zILI. (8) keTalIka ramatonI saMjJAo bahuvacanamAM ja vaparAya che. jema ke, gillIdaMDA, moIdAMDiyA. ATApATA. (9) keTalIka saMjJAonuM ekavacana hotuM ja nathI. jema ke, mAbApa, kAlAvAlA, cALA, dhamapachADA, phAMphAM. valakhAM, havApANI, taraphaDiyAM. caramAM. ahIM ApaNe joyuM ke sAmAnya rIte 'o (chokaro) paMliMga ekavacanane, I, (chokarI) strIliMga ekavacanane ane "6 (chokaruM) napuMsakaliMga ekavacanane sUcavatA pratyayo che. e sAthe e paNa joyuM ke 'A (chokarA) puMliMga bahuvacanane, "o (chokarIo) strIliMga bahuvacanane ane (chokarAM) napusakaliMga bahuvacanane sUcavatA pratyayo che. meM eka copaDI lIdhI. meM pAMca copaDI lIdhI. A be vAkyomAM "copaDI saMjJA emanI ema rahe che ane tenI tenI saMkhyA eka che ke vadhAre te te saMjJAne lAgelA saMkhyA sUcaka vizeSaNathI samajAya che. eTale ke sAmAnya upayogamAM strIliMganI saMjJAnuM "o pratyayathI bahuvacana karI zakAya che paNa jo bahuvacana sucavatuM vizeSaNa e saMjJAne lAgyuM hoya to te strIliMgasUcaka saMjJA emanI ema paNa rahe che. ApaNe AgaLa e paNa joyuM ke "othI jemano aMta na Avato hoya tevI puMliMga, 'IthI jemano aMta na Avato hoya tevI strIliMga ane "uthI jemano aMta na Avato hoya tevI napuMsakaliMga sUcavatI saMjJAone paNa bahuvacanasUcaka "o pratyaya lAge che. jema ke kavi. pitA, nAga e puliMgasUcaka athavA jaMgala jevI napuMsakaliMgasUcaka ke mALA jevI strIliMgasUcaka saMjJAone bahuvacana sUcavatuM vizeSaNa na

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 51 lAgyuM hoya athavA to vAkyaracanAmAMnAM bIjAM pado uparathI e saMjJAnA bahuvacananuM sUcana na thatuM hoya to bahuvacanasUcaka "o pratyaya lAge che. vaLI AkAza, mana, hiMmata jevI saMjJAone to bahuvacanasUcaka o kyAreya lAgato nathI. matalaba ke, saMjJAonA be prakAra paDI zake : (1) je saMjJAo rUDhi ke paraMparAthI liMgasUcaka hoya chatAM jemane liMgasUcaka pratyayo na lAgatA hoya athavA lAge to mAtra bahuvacanano "o pratyaya lAge tevI saMjJAo. A saMjJAo vAkyamAM game tyAM vaparAya to temanA rUpamAM koI pheraphAra ke vihAra thato nathI. eTale ke e avikArI saMjJAo che. AkAza, mana, mALA, pitA vagere avikArI saMjJAo che. (2) liMgavacananA pratyayo letI saMjJAo. A saMjJAo bhinna bhinna liMgavacana anutsAra rUpo dhAraNa karatI hovAthI AvI saMjJAo vikArI saMjJAo kahevAya che. chokarAM, chokarI, chokaruM vagere vikArI saMjJAo che. ' (2) vizeSaNa : liMga ane vacana nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : 1. tenA hAthamAM dhAradAra charo hato. 2. temanA hAthamAM dhAradAra charI hatI. 3. tenA hAthamAM dhAradAra capyu hatuM. 4. rasto sAMkaDo che. - 5. keDI sAMkaDI che. 6. kaDAM sAMkaDAM che. uparanAM pahelAM traNa vAkyomAM vaparAyeluM vizeSaNa badhe kazA pheraphAra vinA vaparAyuM che. cothA, pAMcamA ane chaThThA vAkyamAM vaparAyeluM vizeSaNa badhe kaMI ne kaMI pheraphAra sAthe vaparAyuM che. pahelA vAkyamAM 'charo' saMjJA puMliMga ekavacanasUcaka che, bIjA vAkyamAM charI saMjJA strIliMga ekavacanasUcaka che. trIjA vAkyamAM 'cappa' saMjJA napuMsakaliMga ekavacanasUcaka che chatAM e traNe jagyAe dhAradAra' vizeSaNa enA e rUpamAM vaparAyuM che. cothA vAkyamAM 'rasto saMjJA puMliMga ekavacanasUcaka

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para . saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa che tethI tenA vizeSaNanuM rUpa "sAMkaDo ema 'okArAnta thayuM che. pAMcamA vAkyamAM keDI saMjJA strIliMga ekavacanasUcaka che tethI tenA vizeSaNanuM rUpa "sAMkaDI ema I kArAnta thayuM che. chaThThA vAkyamAM kaDAM saMjJA napuMsakaliMga bahuvacanasUcaka che tethI tenA vizeSaNanuM rUpa 'sAMkaDAM ema 'A'-kArAnta rUpa thayuM che. A matalaba ke "dhAradAra" vizeSaNa koI paNa liMgasUcaka saMjJAne lAge topaNa emanuM ema rahe che. jyAre 'sAMkaDo vizeSaNa je saMjJAne lAge che e saMjJA je liMgavacana sUcave e anusAra liMgavacananA pratyayo laIne pheraphAravALuM bane che. Ano artha e thayo ke "dhoradAra' ane sAMkaDo judA judA prakAranAM vizeSaNo che. koI paNa liMgavacana dharAvatI saMjJAne lAgyA chatAM je vizeSaNomAM pheraphAra thato nathI tevA vizeSaNo avikArI vizeSaNo kahevAya. dhAradAra. svaccha, sapheda, lAla vagere avikArI vizeSa che. eka, be, traNa, prathama. dvitIya jevAM avikArI vizeSaNa che. pahelo-pahelI-paheluM, bIjo-bIjIbIjuM e avikArI vizeSaNa nathI. ' saMjJAnAM liMgavacana anusAra liMgavacananA pratyayo letAM vizeSaNo jude jude rUpe - pheraphAra sAthe Ave che ane evAM vizeSaNone vikArI vizeSaNo kahe che. sAMkaDo, moTo. mAMDyo. rAto. sAdo vagere vikArI vizeSaNa che. (3) sarvanAma : liMga ane vacana nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : 1. "eya aruNA, tuM atyAramAM zuM khAI rahI che ?" 2. alyA pulina, tuM kAnanane kema cIDave che ?" 3. pulina-hetala, tame baMne jarA ahIM Avo to ! uparanA pahelA vAkyamAM bolanAra OMkArabhAI sAMbhaLanAra aruNAne tuM sarvanAmathI bolAve che. aruNA chokarI che. bIjA vAkyamAM e ja OMkArabhAI sAMbhaLanAra pulinane tuM savanAmathI bolAve che. hetala chokarI ane pulina chokaro ema baMne bhegAM bolAvavAnI ahIM vAta che. 'tuM puruSavAcaka sarvanAma che. tame paNa puruSavAcaka sarvanAma che.

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53 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa tuM ekavacana che. "tame bahuvacana che. eka vyakti mATe "tuM vaparAyuM che. ekane badale vadhu vyaktio thaI to temane mATe "tame' vaparAyuM che. alabatta, chokarI strIliMga) hoya ke chokaro (puliMga) paraMtu te dareka mATe vaparAtuM sarvanAma eka ja hoya che. eTale ke puruSavAcaka sarvanAmomAM bhinna bhinna vacana sUcavavA (bhinna bhinna sarvanAmo che, jyAre bhinna bhinna liMga sUcavatAM bhinna bhinna puruSavAcaka sarvanAmo nathI. A uparAMta darzaka, sApakSa. praznavAcaka, anizcita ane svavAcaka sarvanAmomAMthI eka dazaka sarvanAma 'peluM sivAyanAM koI sarvanAma, koI paNa liMgavacana sUcavatI saMjJAne badale Ave topaNa enA e rUpamAM - kazA pheraphAra vinA - Ave che. mAtra peluM sarvanAma puMliMgasUcaka ekavacananI saMjJAne badale Ave to pelo ane ekavacananI strIliMgasucaka saMjJAne badale Ave to pelI rUpe Ave che. bahuvacanamAM Ave to pelAMnuM pelA rUpa thAya che paNa pelInuM to pelI rUpa ja kAyama rahe che. Ama peluM e ephamAtra sarvanAma ja liMgavacananA pratyayo sAthe Ave che ane tethI te "vikArI sarvanAma' che. peluM sarvanAma vizeSaNa tarIke Ave tyAre paNa te vikArI vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAya che. anya sarvanAmomAMthI praznavAcaka "zuM ane kahyuM tathA anizcita 'kazuM e sarvanAmo vizeSaNa tarIke Ave tyAre teo vizeSya anusAra liMgavacanane sUcaka pratyayo sAthe Ave che. eTale e avikArI sarvanAmo, vikArI sArvanAmika vizeSaNo gaNAya. jemake, zo vAMdho, zI veLA, zuM phaLa, kaI chokarI, kayo chokaro, kayuM chokaruM. kayAM chokarAM, kazo phAyado, kazI davA, kazuM duHkha. ahIM A zuM. kazuM, kayuM vikArI sArvanAmika vizeSaNo tarIke Ave che kAraNa ke teo temanAM vizeSya anusAra liMgavacananA pratyayo sAthe Ave che. 4. kriyAvizeSaNa ane kriyApada : liMga ane vacana (a) kriyAvizeSaNa : liMga ane vacana nIcenA vAkyo vAMco.: 1. patipatnI hasatA cahere bahAra AvyAM. 2. gAMdhIjInI mulAkAta mATe patnI bahAra besI rahI.

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54 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 3. patipatnI vahelAM dAkhala thayAM. 4. pati vahelo ravAnA thayo. uparanAM pahelAM be vAkyomAM vaparAyeluM bahAra' kriyAvizeSaNa enA e rUpamAM vaparAyuM che. uparanAM trIjA ane cothA vAkyomAM vaparAyeluM 'vaheluM' kriyAvizeSaNa 'vahelAM' ane 'vahelo' ema alaga alaga rUpe vaparAyuM che. eTale ke 'bahAra' jevuM kriyAvizeSaNa vAkyamAM game te liMgavacana dharAvatuM kriyAnAtha (patipratnI, patnI) pada hoya topaNa koI pheraphAra vinA enA e rUpe vaparAya che. 'vaheluM' jevuM kriyAvizeSaNa, vAkyamAM vaparAyelA kriyAnAtha (patnI, pati) anusAra liMgavacananA pratyayo ('AM', 'o') le che. je kriyAvizeSaNa kriyAnAtha anusAra liMgavacananA pratyayo letAM nathI temane avikArI ane je kriyAvizeSaNa kriyAnAtha anusAra liMgavacananA pratyayo le che temane vikArI kriyAvizeSaNo kahe che. aMdara, bahAra, jhaTa, tarata, kadAca avikArI kriyAvizeSaNonAM udAharaNo che. pAchuM, vaheluM, moDuM vikArI vizeSaNonAM udAharaNo che. (ba) kriyApada : liMga ane vacana : AgaLa joyAM e cAra vAkyo pharI tapAsIe. emAMnAM 'AvyAM', 'besI rahI', 'dAkhala thayAM', '2vAnA thayo' e kriyApado tapAso. e kriyApadone paNa vAkyamAM vaparAyelA kriyAnAtha ('patipatnI', 'patnI', 'patipatnI', 'pati') anusAra liMgavacananA pratyayo ('AM', 'I', 'A', 'o') lAgyA che. jyAre -ta, -ya, -dha, -Da, -na, nAra, -va evA koI pratyaya sAthe Ave tyAre tene vAkyamAM vaparAyelA kriyAnAtha anusAra liMgavacananA pratyayo lAge che. liMgavacana sivAyanA pratyayo lAgelAM kriyApadone avikArI ane liMgavacananA pratyayo lAgelAM kriyApadone vikArI kriyApado kahe che. Ama saMjJA, sarvanAma ane vizeSaNanI jema kriyAvizeSaNa ane kriyApada jevAM pado paNa avikArI ane vikArI ema be vargamAM vaheMcAyelAM hoya che.

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nAmArthe kamaLe 8. vibhakti gujarAtImAM sAta vibhaktio che. te vibhaktionA pratyayo ane artho nIce pramANe che : vibhakti pratyaya artha udAharaNa pahelI - karNArthe rAma vanamAM gayA. amadAvAda moTuM nagara che. saMbodhanArthe he prabhu, saunuM bhaluM karajo. emaNe mane inAma ApyuM. parimANavAcaka Aje lITara dUdha vaparAyuM. bIjI nathI, ne karmArthe huM kAgaLa lakhuM chuM. gatyartha gAMdhIjI zAMtiniketana gayA. avadhi (samaya- te traNa kalAka sUto. maryAdA) darzAvavA trIjI e thI, thakI, vaDe karaNArthe (sAdhananA lobhe lakSaNa jAya. arthamAM) pitAe putrane bhaNAvyo. kAraNArthe te roge pIDAya che. parimANa darzAvavA te cAra varSe pAsa thayo. adhikaraNArthe teNe akhADe javAnuM zarU karyuM. saMpradAnArthe lekhake pANI kaLAne inAma ApyuM. karNArthe ke mAre bahAragAma javuM che. saMbaMdhArthe A gharane be bAraNAM che. apAdAnArthe (chUTA tenA avasAnane (avasAnasamayathI paDavAne artha darzAvavA) atyAra sudhImAM) cAra varSa thaI gayAM. hetvarthe (hetu ke kAraNa zuM tame ahIM joDAvAne cAho cho ? darzAvavA). pAMcamI thI, thakI , apAdAnArthe te dilhIthI madrAsa gayo. mArAthI tyAM kema javAya ? karaNArthe talavArathI zAMti sthapAya kharI ? kirtArthe thI ne karNArthe - papa

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56 zaraNArthe saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa AraMbhArthe ame bALapaNathI mitro chIe. putranI mAMdagIthI mAMdagIne kAraNe) te duHkhI che. chaThThI ne, nInuM nA layadarzaka bALakane bhUtano bhaya che. saMbaMdhArthe narasiMhanAM pado Ajeya prakhyAta che. sAtamI mAM, aMdara, upara AraMbhArthe garamI savAranI paDe che. adhikaraNArthe dhaniko mahelomAM rahe che. (sthAna darzAvavA) ATalI sArI AvakamAM (Avaka veDa) * * kema kaMI bacAvatA nathI ? nirdhAraNArthe , RtuomAM vasaMta kavione priya hoya che. vAkyonAM rekhAMkita padonI vibhakti oLakhAvo : (1) muja abaLAne moTI mirAta, bAI ! (2) paTI ghaDAvuM puruSottama kerI. (3) harijana hoya teNe heta ghaNuM rAkhavuM. (4) bhakta bhojo kahe gurukRpAthI. (5) kokilAno zabda huM sUNuM nahi kAne. (6) kapaTe bheTI pAchA khase, sAmagrI joI joIne hase. (7) kuMvaravahunuM bhAMgyuM duHkha (8) A zaMkha mahetAjI phUMkaze, chAbamAM tulasIpatra mUkaze. . (9) vacana vahuvaranAM sAMbhaLI vaLatI vaDasAsu ucarI. (10) bhAbhInA bhAva mane bhIMjave re lola, (11) choDI piyaranI eNe pAlakhI re lola. (12) sAgarane tIra eka TaTaLe TiMToDI. (13) DuMgarazAM jahAja meM kaMI kaMI DubALyAM. (14) mArA vADAmAM ghara pachavADe re, mogare moryo mo re. (15) sonala ramatI re gaDhaDAne gokha jo. (16) ADe Avyo re sonala ! kAkAno deza jo.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (17) suryamukhInI hAMsI AMkhe. (18) paDachAyAthI Darato suraja. (19) rajAo divALI taNI thaI pUrI. (20) vaLAvI bA AvI nija sakala saMtAna kramazaH. (21) Uge che surakhI bharI ravi mRdu hemaMtano pUrvamAM, (22) e huM ja chuM, nRpa, ane mApha kara, bAI ! (23) rase have de bharI pAtra, bAI ! (24) UMDA aMdhArethI prabhu ! parama teje tuM laI jA ! (25) vege jatI gADI mahIM lapAI. (26) bolAvatI tAlIsvarethI bAlA (27) tyAM chAjalImAM cIjane khaseDatAM. (28) haiye thayo tyAM phaphaDATa paMkhIno. (29) tyAM tyAM badhe kaho zuM tamAruM ghara nathI ? (30) jyAM TapAlI patra lAve. (31) heTho paDyo zvAsa paraMtu yaMtrano. (32) kAMtilAla trikamagaDhamAM kArakuna hatI. (33) pelo mANasa gayo, eTale biMdumatI adhIra pagale meDA para caDI gaI. (34) koIe nanAmI arajIo karI. (35) ThIka cAlatuM hatuM, mArA bhAI ! (36) jokhamathI ladAyeluM kabunuM zarIra joIne munIme kahyuM. (37) huko eka khUNAmAM TekavIne mUkI dIdho. (38) cAraNIe bhatrIjAne joyo. (39) pIThAzane bAthamAM ghAlIne chAtIe bhIMsyo. (40) samaju padamaNI-vahu jhapATAbhera rasto kApavA lAgI. (41) prabhAsathI nIkaLyAne bAramo dahADo hato. (42) dIpakanI mAtA menA nIcI dRSTie ane plAna vadane beThI che. (43) zikArI mArA para kAtIla DoLA kADhe, paNa mAre karavuM zuM ? (44) atyArathI kustI nA hoya, kustI to cheka chelle Ave.

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58 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (45) huM hAryo ema kabUla karuM? tamArAthI hAryo ema ? (46) bALa narendra svabhAve bahu taravariyo ane ramatagamatano zokhIna. (47) mArA mana parathI jaDatAnAM jALAM haThI jAya che. (48) vivAha thayA tyAre huM hAIskUlamAM bhaNato hato. (49) gaurIzaMkara bhaTTa A ploTanuM saMsthAne dAna karyuM. (50) gaI kAlathI bApue potAnA pANI para kapaDAno kaTako DhAMkavA mAMDyo. uttaro : (1) muja : (mArI) saMbaMdhArthe chaThThI vibha. bhAI saMbodhanArthe pahelI vibha. (2) peTI karmArthe bIjI vibha. puruSottama : saMbaMdhArthe chaThThI vibha. (3) teNe : karNArthe trIjI vibha, heta : karmArthe pahelI vibha. bhojo : karnArthe pahelI vibha. gurupratApe : karaNArthe pAMcamI vibha. kokilAno saMbaMdhArthe chaThThI vibha. zabda : karmArthe bIjI vibha. huM : karnArthe pahelI vibha. kAne : karaNArthe trIjI vibha. kapaTe : karaNArthe trIjI vibha. sAmagrI : karmArthe trIjI vibha. kuMvaravahunuM saMbaMdhArthe chaThThI vibha. duHkha : nAmArthe pahelI vibha. zaMkha : karmArthe bIjI vibha. mahetAjI : karNArthe pahelI vibha. chAbamAM : adhikaraNArthe sAtamI vibha. . vacana : karmArthe bIjI vibha. kuMvaravahunAM saMbaMdhArthe chaThThI vibha. vaDasAsu : katArthe pahelI vibha. (10) bhAva: karNArthe pahelI vibha. mane : karmArthe bIjI vibha. (11) pitharanI : saMbaMdhArthe chaThThI vibha. eNe : karNArthe trIjI vibha. (12) sAgarane saMbaMdhArthe cothI vibha. TiToDI : karthe pahelI vibha. (13) jahAja : karmArthe bIjI vibha. meM : karNArthe trIjI vibha. (14) vADAmAM : adhikaraNArthe sAtamI vibha. mogaro : karNArthe trIjI vibha. (15) sonala : karNArthe bIjI vibha. gaDhaDAne saMbaMdhArthe cothI vibha. ra

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa pa9 (16) sonala saMbaMdhArthe pahelI vibha. kAkAno saMbaMdhArthe chaThThI vibha. (17) sUryamukhInI : saMbaMdhArthe chaThThI vibha. AMkhe : adhikaraNArthe trIjI vibha. (18) paDachAyAthI : karaNArthe pAMcamI vibha. sUraja : karNArthe pahelI vibha. (19) rajAo : nAmArthe pahelI vibha. saMtAna : karmArthe bIjI vibha. (20) bA : karNArthe pahelI vibha. divALI taNI : saMbaMdhArthe chaThThI vibha. (21) surakhI : karmArthe bIjI vibha. pUrvamAM : adhikaraNArthe sAtamI vibha. (22) nRpa : nAmArthe pahelI vibha. bAI : saMbodhanArthe pahelI vibha. (23) rase : karaNArthe trIjI vibha. pAtra : karmArthe bIjI vibha. (24) aMdhArethI : apAdAnArthe pAMcamI vibha. teje : adhikaraNArthe trIjI vibha. (25) vege : karaNArthe trIjI vibha. gADI mahIM : adhikaraNArthe trIjI vibha. (26) tAlIsvarethI : karaNArthe pAMcamI vibha. bAlA : karNArthe pahelI vibha. (27) chAjalImAM : adhikaraNArthe sAtamI vibha. cIjane karmArthe bIjI vibha. (28) haiye : adhikaraNArthe trIjI vibha. phaphaDATa : nAmArthe pahelI vibha. (29) badhe : adhikaraNArthe trIjI vibha. tamAruM saMbaMdhArthe chaThThI vibha. (30) TapAlI : karNArthe pahelI vibha. patra : karmArthe bIjI vibha. (31) zvAsa : nAmArthe pahelI vibha. yaMtrano : saMbaMdhArthe chaThThI vibha. (32) trikamagaDhamAM : adhikaraNArthe sAtamI vibha. kArakuna : nAmArthe pahelI vibha. (33) mANasa : karNArthe pahelI vibha. pagale : karaNArthe trIjI vibha. (34) koIe : karNArthe pahelI vibha. arajIo : karmArthe bIjI vibha. (35) mArA saMbaMdhArthe chaThThI vibha. bhAI : saMbodhanArthe pahelI vibha. (36) jokhamathI : karaNArthe pAMcamI vibha. kabunuM H saMbaMdhArthe chaThThI

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa vibha. (37) hUko : nAmArthe pahelI vibha. khUNAmAM : adhikaraNArthe saptamI vibha. 60 (38) cAraNIe : kartArthe trIjI vibha. bhatrIjAne H karmArthe bIjI vibha. (39) bAthamAM : adhikaraNArthe sAtamI vibha. chAtIe : adhikaraNArthe trIjI vibha. (40) padamaDI-vahu : kartArthe pahelI vibha. rasto : karmArthe bIjI vibha. (41) prabhAsathI : apAdAnArthe pAMcamI vibha. dahADo : nAmArthe pahelI vibha. : (42) dIpakanI : saMbaMdhArthe chaThThI vibha. vadane H karaNArthe trIjI vibha. (43) zikArI : kartAthe pahelI vibha. mAre H kartAthe cothI vibha. (44) atyArathI : AraMbhArthe pAMcamI vibha. chelle : adhikaraNArthe trIjI vibha. (45) huM : kartAthe pahelI vibha. tamArAthI : karaNArthe pAMcamI vibha. (46) svabhAve H karaNArthe trIjI vibha: ramatagamatano H saMbaMdhArthe chaThThI : : vibha. (47) mana parathI H apAdAnArthe pAMcamI vibha. jaDatAnAM : saMbaMdhArthe chaThThI vibhaM. (48) vivAha : nAmArthe pahelI vibha. hAIskUlamAM : adhikaraNArthe sAtamI vibha. (49) gaurIzaMkara bhaTTa : kartAthe trIjI vibha. saMsthAne H saMpradAnArthe cothI vibha. (50) gaI kAlathI : AraMbhArthe pAMcamI vibha. bApue : kartAthe trIjI vibha.

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9. virAmacihno ApaNe je kAMI lakhIe chIe teno sAmAnya hetu ApaNA vicAro ke ApaNe je kAMI kahevuM che te bIjAne jaNAvavAno hoya che. ApaNuM e 'kahevAnuM' ke ApaNA 'bhAvo' vAcaka spaSTa rIte samajI zake te mATe spaSTa lakhANanI jarUra hoya che. e spaSTa lakhANa mATe virAmacihnonI jarUra che. mukhya virAmacihno nIce mujaba che : (1) pUrNavirAma (.) (2) alpavirAma (,) 1. pUrNavirAma H (.) (3) praznArthacihna (?) (4) AzcaryavirAma (!) pUrNavirAma kyAM kyAM mukAya ? (ka) sAdA ke nizcayAtmaka vAkyanA aMte H (1) zikSaka kavitA zIkhave che. (2) moranA TahukA eka pAradhIe sAMbhaLyA. (3) azoka mahAna rAjA hato. (kha) AjJArtha vAkyanA aMte H (1) vargamAM tophAna na karo. (2) haMmezAM sAcuM bolo. (3) tame tyAM jAo. (ga) saMkSipta-TUMkAM rUponI pAchaLa : (1) me. (maherabAna) maNibhAI (2) rA.rA. (rAjamAna rAjezrI) paTela sAheba (3) ci. (ciraMjIvI) neha (4) li. (likhItaMga) zailanA praNAma... vagere. 2. alpavirAma : (,) alpavirAma nIce mujaba vAparI zakAya : (a) lAMbAM vAkyomAM adhUrAM vAkyone aMte, (1) vyAkaraNa zIkhavA mATe, sArA nibaMdha lakhavA mATe, patra 61

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa - kema lakhavo tenI mAhitI meLavavA mATe ane prathama naMbare uttIrNa thavA mATe satata mahenata karo. (ba) bethI vadhu zabdo (pado) ke zabdasamUha pachI H (1) kAnana, stuti, bhAratI ane sonala ujANIe gayAM. (ka) koIne saMbodhana karyA pachI : (1) vizAla, tuM tyAM jA. (2) zilpA, tArA akSara suMdara che. (Da) avataraNacihna vAparatAM pahelAM : (1) rAjAe kahyuM, "mArI prajAnuM sukha e ja mAruM sukha." (2) gAMdhIjIe kahyuM, "svarAja lIdhA vinA huM pAcho nahi AvuM.' 3. praznArthacinaH (?) praznArthacina nIce pramANe vAparI zakAya ? vAkyanA arthamAM praznano artha samAyelo hoya athavA koIne prazna pUchavAmAM Avyo hoya tyAre (praznArthaka) vAkyane aMte praznArthacina mukAya che. (1) tamAruM nAma zuM ? (2) tamane veDamI bhAve ke gulAbajAMbu? (3) baMdUkanI goLI kaI bAjuthI AvI hatI ? (4) tame kAle mArA ghera Avazo ? 4. AzcaryavirAma athavA ugAracihna : (!). prazaMsA, zoka, Azcarya, dhikkAra, harSa vagere batAvavA (udgAravAcaka zabda ke vAkyane aMte) AzcaryavirAma mukAya che. (1) zAbAza ! tame khUba sarasa ramyA ! (2) aphasosa ! bicAro kaMI na karI zakyo ! " (3) are ! AvuM to meM kyAMya joyuM nathI ! (4) khabaradAra ! jo pharIthI AvI bhUla karI che to ! (5) cha ! tArA jevo harAmakhora meM nathI joyo. (6) vAha kevo bhavya sUryodaya !

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63 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 5. ardhavirAma (3) alpavirAma pAse ApaNe alpapramANamAM rokAIe chIe. pUrNavirAma pAse ApaNe vadhAre samaya rokAIe chIe. keTalIka vAra ApaNe alpaviMrAma karatAM vadhAre rokAvAnI jarUra paDe che, joke pUrNavirAma jeTaluM nahi. tyAre eka bIjA ja cihnano upayoga karavo paDe che. nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : (1) bhojana pUruM thayuM; AvanArA gayA. (2) te khUba vAMcato; tethI te pAsa thayo. (3) jarA beso; tamAruM kAma thaI jaze. (4) thoDuMka vAMco; eTalAmAM huM AvuM chuM. A vAkyomAM aMte pUrNavirAma che. vaccenuM cihna ardhavirAma che. tenI nizAnI che. A cihna be vAkyonI vacce mukAyuM che. e vAkyo saMyukta vAkyo che. pahelA ane trIjA vAkyomAM be vAkyone joDanAra koI ubhayAnvayI avyaya (ane, athavA, tethI) nathI. saMyukta vAkyomAMnAM bIjAM vAkyone joDavA ardhavirAma vaparAya che. bIjA ane cothA vAkyomAM "tethI" ane "eTalAmAM e ubhayAnvayI avyayo che, chatAM ardhavirAma AvyuM che. ubhayAnvayI avyaya sAthe paNa ardhavirAma vaparAya che. ardhavirAma pAse ApaNe alpavirAma karatAM vadhu rokAIe chIe. A ardhavirAmano upayoga nIce pramANe thAya che : ' (1) ardhavirAmano upayoga saMyukta vAkyamAM thAya che. (2) saMyukta vAkyomAM AvelAM bIjAM vAkyo vacce ubhayAnvayI avyaya na hoya tyAre vaparAya che. (3) saMyukta vAkyomAM ubhayAnvayI avyaya hoya topaNa ardhavirAmano upayoga thAya che. (4) ardhavirAma pAse ApaNe alpavirAma karatAM vadhu virAma laIe chIe. (5) ardhavirAma pAse ApaNe pUrNavirAma karatAM ocho virAma

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64 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (aTakavuM te) laIe chIe. guruvirAma : (:) nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : (1) phUlanA cAra bhAga cheH vaja, phUlamaNi, strIkesara ane puMkesara. (2) varNa cAra che : brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya ane zUdra. (3) jIvanamAM traNa vastu jarUrI che : havA, pANI ane khorAka uparanAM vAkyomAM alpavirAma ane pUrNavirAma uparAMta eka. bIjuM cihna che, tene guruvirAma kahe che. prathama vAkyamAM A guphavirAmano upayoga phUlanA bhAga gaNAvatAM pahelAM thayo che, bIjA vAkyamAM varNanA cAra prakAra gaNAvatAM pahelAM ane trIjA vAkyamAM jarUrI vastu gaNAvatAM pahelAM thayo che. A rIte kahI zakAya ke guruvirAmano upayoga vastuonI gaNatarI batAvavA mATe thAya che. nIcenA vAkyo juo : * araviMda : kema hemendra, kyAre Avyo ? hemendra : Aje ja, cAranI gADImAM. araviMda : gaI kAle AvavAno hato ne ? hemendra: eka gADI cUkI gayo. uparanAM vAkyomAM vaktAnA vaktavyanI pahelAM guruvirAmano upayoga thayo che. nATaka ke saMvAdamAM ApaNe AvuM cihna joIe chIe. nIcenA vAkyo juo : (1) mAre tamAruM eka ja kAma che ? tamane maLavuM. (2) teno eka ja hetu che AgaLa vadhavuM. (3) meM eka ja nizcaya karyo che : khUba mahenata karavI. uparanAM vAkyomAM guruvirAmanA sthAnano abhyAsa karIe. pahelA vAkyamAM zuM kAma che te cokkasa nathI. paNa pachI te kAma zuM che te jaNAvavA guruvirAma mUkIne kAma spaSTa karyuM. bIjA vAkyamAM zuM hetu che te spaSTa karavA guruvirAma mukAyuM ane pachI hetu spaSTa karyo.

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6pa saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa trIjA vAkyamAM guruvirAma pachI spaSTatA karavAmAM AvI che. A rIte koI bAbata spaSTa karavA AgaLa je kahevAnuM hoya che tyAre teno upayoga thAya che. guruvirAma pAse pUrNavirAma jeTalo virAma laIne ApaNe AgaLa vadhIe chIe. guruvirAmano upayoga nIce pramANe thAya che : (1) guruvirAmanI nizAnI (9) che. (2) vastuonI gaNatarI karavA mATe vAkyamAM teno upayoga thAya che. (3) koInA bolelA zabdo rajU karavA guruvirAmano upayoga thAya che. (4) koI hetu, kAma ke nizcaya spaSTa karavA teno upayoga thAya che. (5) pUrNavirAma jeTalo virAma guruvirAma pAse laIe chIe. avataraNacihna : (" '). nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : gItAe zuM kahyuM ? gItAe kahyuM, "huM AvIza." koNa kone vAta kare che ? koNa pUche che? kone pUche che? zuM pUche che ? dilIpa kumArane pUchyuM, 'tuM kyAM jAya che ?' kumAre kahyuM, 'huM ghera jAuM chuM.' gItA, dilIpa ane kumAranA bolAyelA zabdo "' AvA cihna vacce mukAyA che. A " ' cinane avataraNacihna kahe che. koInA kahelA ke lakhelA zabdo rajU karavA mATe avataraNacinano upayoga thAya che. - virAmacihno pUrNavirAma alpavirAma ardhavirAma guruvirAma prazcarthacihna AzcaryavirAma avataraNacihna (.) () ;) (:) (?) (!) (* ') -

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa svAdhyAya 1. nIcenA paricchedomAM yogya virAmacihno mUkI AkhA phakarA pharI lakho : 66 (a) rAtrinA bhayaMkara aMdhakAramAM huM e vanamAM pahoMcyo koI ja dekhAtuM na hatuM dUra dUrathI vAgha varu siMha ane anya vikarALa pazuonA avAja saMbhaLAtA hatA meM mArI jAtane pUchyuM huM kyAM chuM eno koI javAba na jaDyo kevuM bhayaMkara vana. (ba) gorasamAM dUdha pADavA jatAM mAsIne kahevAnuM mana to thayuM lAkaDAnA ajavALe te koI vaLI cokhA vINatuM haze buna paraMtu AvuM kaMI na kahetAM emaNe cokhkhI ja vAta-karI orI dene buna pAruDAmAM ane bahAra bhasI rahelA kUtarA tarapha cIDhane vALI rahyAM mUA kUtarAneye bhasabhasano ja vyavahAra che. (ka) teNe kahyuM tame emAM dilagIra zuM thAo cho teNe tAra mokalyo chatAM rasoI barAbara na karAI tethI bhAI ghaNA ciDAI gayA temAM tame zA mATe dilagIra thAo cho DosA chatAM paNa zAMta ja rahyA najara paNa na khaseDI vastusthitino vadhAre marmabhAga kholavAnI jarUra jaNAI.

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10. pUrva pratyaya prahAra (mAra), saMhAra (nAza), upahAra (bheTa), pratihAra (dvArapALa) uparanA zabdo dhyAnapUrvaka jotAM jaNAze ke te badhA eka ja saMskRta dhAtu ha-haravuM parathI banelA che. paNa tenI AgaLa pra, A, sama, vi. upa, prati, ut, vagere avyaya lAgatAM artha pharI gayo che. AvI rIte, je avyaya nAmanI dhAtunI ke dhAtu parathI banela zabdanI pUrve AvI arthamAM pheraphAra kare tene pUrvaga kahe che. (pUrva = pahelAM + ga = janArA). emAM je dhAtunI ke dhAtuthI utpanna thayelA zabdanI pUrve Ave che te upasarga kahevAya che. upasarga paNa pUrvaga che, paNa badhA pUrvaga upasarga nathI, saMskRtamAM 20 pUrvagane ja upasarga nAma ApavAmAM AvyuM che, te A mujaba che : pra, parA, apa, sama, anu, ava, ni, duH, vi, adhi, su, ud, ati, ni, prati, pari, api, upa, abhi ane A. upasarga 1. pra : AgaLa : pragati, prayANa (yA = javuM), prasthAna ghaNuM : pratApa, prayatna, prakopa, pracaMDa, pralaya 2. parA : sAme : parAkrama, parAvartana UlaTuM : pacajaya apa : kharAba : apazabda, apamAna, apakIrti, apayaza dUra : apaharaNa, apanayana sama : sAthe : saMvAda, saMgama, saMyoga, saMbhASaNa sArI peTheH saMpUrNa, saMyama, saMtoSa, samAna, saMtApa anu : pAchaLa : anucara, anugamana, anurAga, anuvAda, anukaraNa, anumati, anuja ava : nIce : avatAra, avataraNa, avalokana, avanati. kharAba :avaguNa, avadazA, avakRpA, avagati. - ': bahAra : nirgamana, niSkramaNa, nirIkSaNa. vinAnuM : nirguNa, nirmaLa, nirlajja, nirdaya. che us $ 67

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68 8. dus 9. vi 10. adhi 11. su 12. ud 13. ati 14. ni 15. prati 16. pari 17. api 18. upa 19. abhi 20. A saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa : kharAba : durguNa, durAcAra, durbala, durjana muzkelIthIH durgama, durlabha, duSkara, durbhedya H vinAza, vijaya, vijJAna, vinaya, vivAda vinAnuM H vismRti, virUpa, vidhavA, vijana, vimaLa, : vizeSa vyartha : upara saMbaMdhI H sAruM ghaNuM sahelAIthI : sulabha, sugama, sukara, suvAcya : utkarSa, unnata, ucchvAsa, uDDayana : unmArga, utpathaM : UMce UlaTuM : ghaNuM : ativRSTi, atyAnaMda, atyAcAra, atyaMta pelI tarapha : atIta, atIndriya H sAme : vacce-aMdara : nipAta, nikSepa, nimagna, nimajjana * pratibiMba, pratyakSa, pratidhvani, pratipakSa : pratidina, pratyeka, pratikSaNa dareka : AsapAsa H paryaTana, parikramaNa, paristhiti pUrepUruM : adhipati, adhikAra, adhyakSa, adhIza H adhyAtma, adhideha : supAtra, sujana, subodha, suzobhita, sukavi suspaSTa, sukumAra, sukomaLa, svalpa : upara H pAse nAnuM : tarapha : UlaTuM sudhI jarA : paripUrNa, parityAga, paritApa, parizrama : apidhAna (DhAMkaNa) upayoga, upanayana, upagamana, upavAsa : upavana, upanAma, upAcArya, upavAkya abhimukha, abhinaMdana, abhigamana : : Agamana, Anayana : AjIvana, AmaraNa, Ajanma, Asamudra : AkaMpa, Arakta bIjA pUrvaga 1. a-an-aNa-na : nakAravAcaka : vyaMjanathI zarU thatA zabda pahelAM a ke aNa ane svarathI zarU thatA zabda pahelAM an

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 69 mukAya che. na baMne prakAranA zabda pahelAM Ave che. dA.ta. a H anyAya, abhAva, anIti, ajJAna, asaMkhya, apUrva, alaukika anu: anicchA, aniSTa, anucita, anupama, aneka, anAdi aNa : aNaghaTatuM, aNanama, aNabanAva, aNasamaju, aNaghaDa na : nAstika, nAnyatara, napuMsaka, nakAmuM, nabApu, namAyA 2. ku, ka : kharAba H kukarma, kuvicAra, kutarka, kuTeva, kusaMga, kupAtra 3. aMtaH: aMdara : aMtaHkaraNa, aMtaHpura, aMtaHstha, aMtargata 4. bahiH : bahAra. : bahiSkAra, bahiSkRta, bahirgoLa, bahirmukha pa. sa-saha : sAthe H sadeha, saphaLa, saguNa, sateja, akaMpa, sajIvana sahakuTuMba, sahavAsa, sahagamana, sahakAra, sahayoga 6. adhaHH nIce adhaHpAta, adhogati, adhomukha, adhogAmI 7. punaHH pharIthIH punarlagna, punarvivAha, punarjanma, punaruddhAra 8. Avis : prakaTa : AviSkAra, AviSkata, Avirbhata, AvirbhAva arabI ane phArasI pUrvaga 1. kama : ochuM H kamajora, kamanasIba, kamaakkala, kamabakhta (bakhta = nasIba) 2. be H vinAnuMH beImAna, bezarama, bedarakAra, bezaka, bekAra, bekadara 3. lA H vinAnuM lAcAra, lAlAja, lAparavA 4. nA : nahi : nAlAyaka, nAkhuza, nApasaMda, nAmarda, nAdAna pa. bina vinA : binajarUrI, binaAvaData, binavAkepha 6. gera : nahi H gerahAjara, geravAjabI, geralAbha, geraphAyado kharAba : geravahIvaTa, gerainsApha, geravalle, geraupayoga 7. khuza : AnaMdadAyaka : khuzakhabara, khubo, khuzamijAja 8. bada : kharAba : badabo, badasUrata, badadAnata, badahajamI, badadAnata 9. hara-dara H dareka : dararoja, dararoja, hareka, dareka, darasAla 10. sara : mukhya : sarakAra, sarapaMca, saradAra, sarasbo , saranyAyAdhIza

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11. para pratyayaH taddhita ane kRt pratyaya taddhita pratyaya : nAma, sarvanAma, avyaya ane vizeSaNanI pAchaLa je pratyayo lagADavAmAM Ave che tene taddhita pratyaya kahe che. teo pAchaLa lAgatA hovAthI para pratyaya tarIke paNa oLakhAya che. DaoN. kAntilAla ba. vyAsa jaNAve che ke "taddhita eTale "tatuM - "tad sarvanAmanuM vibhakti pratyayavALuM rUpa (arthAt nAma, sarvanAmAdikanAM rUpa), tene "Tita' - yogya lAgu pADI zakAya tevA (pratyaya). TUMkamAM, nAmAdika padone lAgatAM pratyaya te taddhita. A pratyayo kriyApada(dhAtu)ne lAgatA pratyayothI bhinna che.' A pratyayone traNa vibhAgamAM vaheMcI nAkhavAmAM Ave che (1) saMskRta pratyaya, (2) saMskRtamAMthI parivartana pArmelA pratyaya ane (3) arabIphArasI jevA paradezI pratyaya. A traNe vibhAganA pratyayo game te zabdane lAgu paDatA nathI. tene mATe cokkasa niyamo che. ane e niyamo pramANe prathama vibhAganA pratyayo saMskRta tatsama zabdone lagADavAmAM Ave che. bIjA vibhAganA pratyayo tadubhava zabdone lAgu paDe che. taddhita pratyayanA prakAro nIce pramANe che : (1) saMbaMdhavAcaka : A prakAranA pratyaya dvArA saMbaMdha phuTa thAya che. (ga) rUca : madIya (mAruM), tvadIya (tA), parvatIya, rAjakIya, AcamanIya (va) : naivedya, artha, pAdya, vadhya (5) ma : pArthiva. cAndra (caMdrane lagato), vaidarbha (vidarbhano rAjA), sArvabhauma (sarva bhUmino = Izvara) (3) rUAH laukika (lokone lAgu paDatuM), Ahnika (divasane lagatuM), pAralaukika, AdhyAtmika, mAnasika, sAmAjika (samAja saMbaMdhI), zArIrika (zarIra saMbaMdhI). (DuM) rUtha: rASTriya, zratriya * juo DaoN.kAntilAla ba. vyAsakRta 'gujarAtI bhASA', pR. 17ra 70

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (2) bhAvavAcaka : * (a) tA : gurutA, laghutA, madhuratA, kaThoratA (4) ya mAdhurya (madhurapaNuM), tAlitya, pAMDitya, naipuNya, mAlina (malinatA) - (5) ruman : garimA, kAlimA, ladhimA, nIlimA, mahimA, ratimA, pradimA, aNimA (3) 3: gaurava, zaizava, lAghava, mArdava, yauvana, sauSThava (6) : kSatriyatva, brAhmaNatva, manuSyatva, puruSatva, gurutva (3) vikAravAcaka : . '-nuM baneluM', -mAMthI pariNameluM' e arthamAM. () 2: dravya (dra-vRkSa, vRkSanuM pariNAma te), payasya. gavyapaMcagavya (dUdha, dahIM, chANa, mUtra, ghI) () kathaH vADamaya (vANInuM pariNAma - sAhitya), yavamaya (javanuM pariNAma), Azramaya, rasamaya, sukhamaya, duHkhamaya (4) sani : AtmasAt, bhasmasAt (4) utkarSavAcaka ke tulanAtmaka : (ma) tara-tama H laghutara, laghutama, gurutama, gurutara, mRdutara, anyatara, priyatara, priyatama (4) phe-rUjha: preyas (vadhAre priya), zreSTha (sauthI sAruM), jyeSTha (sauthI moTuM), laghIyas (sauthI nAnuM) . (#) tA : devatA. (5) svAmitvavAcaka : : vALuM, "yukta e arthamAM. (a) na: (aMtya svarano lopa) : pakSI, vidyArthI, yogI, rogI, bhogI, jogI, sukhI, duHkhI. () rUna: malina, iMgiNa (zIMgaDAMvALuM), rathita rathapati), phalina (vRkSa). (f) [: buddhimAnuM ('buddhimannuM pu.e.va.), matimAnuM, nItimAna. zrImAna, kAntimAnuM

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (6) vat : bhagavAna, lakSmIvAna, bhAsyAn udanvAn (udaka pANI, udanvAn = samudra) (6) jJa : dhanika, rasika, kramika (E) Atu : dayALu, mAyALu, kRpALu (va)na : picichala (pIMchAMvALuM), jaTila, phenila (T) mit : vAgnI, svAmI 72 (4) jJa : mAMsala, vatsala (premavAn), pAMsula (4) vin : medhAvI (medhA = buddhi), yazasvI, tejasvI, mAyAvI (cha) Ata-Ada : vAcAla, vAcATa na) jJa : romaza (rUMvATAvALuM), lomaza, kapiza (jJa) vata : zikhAvala (mora), dantAvala (hAthI) (5) 6: madhura (madhu=mAdhurya, madha), khara, kuMjara, pAMDura (pAMDu=zukla varNa) (7) 36 : dantura (UMcA dAMtavALuM) (tha) ma : druma (6) kRta : pratibiMbita, kuMThita, phalita (6) apatyArthavAcaka : 'apatya' eTale saMtAna. saMtAnano artha ahIM hoya che. (a) rU : dAzathi (dazarathano putra), kArpsi (kRSNaputra, kAmadeva) (va) ya : vAsya, manuSya, daitya, jAmadagnya () 1: rAvaNa, pautra, pArvatI, pAMcAlI, pAMDava, kaurava, yAdava, draupadI, vaidarbhI, kaikeya, bhArgava (3) ya : rAdheya, mArkaMDeya saubhadreya, gAMgeya (7) samUhavAcaka : (a) tA : janatA, grAmatA, baMdhutA = (8) bhAtRvAcaka : 'te jANe che' e arthamAM. (a) jJa : tArkika, paurANika, AlaMkArika, naiyAyika (va) anna : mImAMsaka (mImAMsAno jANanAra)

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 73 (4) : vaiyAkaraNa (vyAkaraNanuM adhyayana kare ke jANe te) (9) svArthavAcaka : mULa zabdanA ja mULa arthane darzAve che. (ga) tA : devatA (deva) (4) yaH mAlya (mAlA parathI), saumya, cAturmAsya. aupamya (upamA) (4) : vAlukA (retI), mRttikA (mRd-mATI), bhikSuka (bhikSu), putraka (putra) () : prAjJa, rAkSasa ('rakSasa' parathI), vAyasa ('voyasuM parathI), bAndhava, daivata, deva (3) theya: bhAgadheya (bhAgya), nAmadheya (nAma) (10) iSa-nyUnatAvAcaka : kaMIka ochapanA arthamAM : () prAya: mRtaprAyaH (maravA jevuM) (4) vanya: dvIpakalpa (dvIpa dhRvAmAM saheja bAkI) (11) laghutAvAcaka : (a) tara : azvatara, RSabhatara, vatsatara (4) 4: kuTIra (nAnuM jhUMpaDuM) (1). 4 : azvaka (niMdAvAcaka), putraka (dayAvAcaka, bApaDo chokaro), tailaka (alpatAvAcaka, thoDuM tela) () na: bhAnula (anukaMpAvAcaka) () - upaDa-upaka (anukaMpAvAcaka "upendra datta parathI) (12) utpattisthAna (=prakRti)vAcaka : 'tyAM thayeluM, baneluM, vaseluM e arthamAM. () : madhyama (madhyamAM raheluM), adhama (nIce paDeluM. (va) 2 H okya (oThethI uccAreluM), mUrdhanya, tAlavya. daMtya. kaMThya, vanya, aMtya (aMte raheluM), sodarya (sarakhA udaramAM thayeluM) () tya : dAkSiNyAtya, pAzcAtya, paurasya. amAtya (3) phuya : aMgulIya (AMgaLInI vIMTI), vargIya, jIhUvAmUlIya

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74 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (13) sthaLavAcaka : () tra: ekatra, sarvatra. anyatra - (14) kALavAcaka : (ga) tA : yadA, tadA, kadA, sarvadA (15) saMbaMdhavAcaka : () tana: adyatana, sanAna, zvastana, purAtana, prAtana, ciraMtana (16) rItivAcaka : (ba) thA : yathA, tathA, anyathA, sarvathA (4) za: : anekaza, bahuzaH (4) thA : dvidhA. anekadhA (aneka rIte) A sivAya paNa arvAcIna gujarAtImAM taddhita pratyayo prayojAya che. A arvAcIna gujarAtInA taddhita pratyayone traNa vibhAgamAM vaheMcI zakAya (3) mULa tatsama pratyayo (va) saMskRta parathI sAdhita thayelA tadubhava pratyayo ane (4) jenAM mULa saMskRtamAM nathI maLatAM e pratyayo (dezya ?) - (ka) tatsama taddhita pratyayo : abhimukha : prati, tarapha : pUrvAbhimukha. maraNAbhimukha. adhIna : tAbe : AjJAdhIna, parAdhIna. svAdhIna AkrAnta : grasta : bhayAkrAnta, duHkhAkrAnta Apatti : ghaTanA : arthapatti, iSTApatti Arta : pIDita : tRSArta, duHkhArta, zokAta kAra ' : karanAra : graMthakAra, kuMbhakAra, suvarNakAra : svabhAvavALo : sahanazIla, adhyayanazIla virodhI, duzamana : hitazatru. jJAnazatru niSTha : parAyaNa : karmaniSTha. dharmaniSTha : raheluM, vaseluM : svargastha, dhyAnastha hIna : vagaranuM : jJAnahIna, vidyAhIna, tejahIna : kevaLa . : lezamAtra, kSaNamAtra, nimitta mAtra zIla mAtra.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (va) tadbhava taddhita pratyayo : : ALuM H chogALuM, rUpALuM, laTakALuM ALu : dayALu, kRpALu, IrSALu IluM : jherIluM, khedIluM, hoMzIluM, haThIluM, raMgIluM, mojIluM I : marAThI, gujarAtI, baMgALI, mAravADI vaTa : gharavaTa, sagAvaTa, sAcavaTa ATo : sapATo, jhapATo, mATo. 5 : moTapa, sArapa, UNapa, nAnapa kuM : nAnakuM, TINakuM, poTakuM iyo : nAraNiyo, motiyo, nAniyo. vI-vo-vuM : jhADavuM, choDavo, lADavo, coravI ( ) jenAM mULa saMskRtamAM nathI evA taddhita pratyayo (daizya ?) : (1) DI : bApaDI, chokaraDI, dIkaraDI, gAvalaDI, mAvalaDI (2) Ta : corATa, khurAMTa, pocaT, vacaTa : arabI-phArasI taddhita pratyayo H 75 yAra H (phArasI) H hoziyAra, mukhatyAra, akhatyAra dAra H (phArasI) : dukAnadAra, phojadAra, sUbedAra, havAladAra, jamAdAra : vAra H (phArasI) : takasIvAra, umedavAra tI : (phArasI, nArI) : jAstI, kamatI gI : (phArasI, nArI) : tAjagI, baMdagI kRt pratyayo : kRt pratyayo e prAthamika che. te paNa zabdanI pAchaLa lAge che, AthI te ya para-pratyayo che. paraMtu A pratyayo kriyApada(dhAtu)nA mULa rUpane lagADavAmAM Ave che. kR pratyaya lAgIne je rUpa taiyAra thAya che tenA upara tandrita pratyaya lAge che. je dhAtune aMte kRt pratyaya lAgyo hoya tene kRdaMta tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. gujarAtImAM pracalita kRta pratyayo A pramANe che :

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76 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (1) karttavAcaka : (1) mazaH kR (karavuM)-kAraka, vai- vAcaka, nai (gAvuM)gAyaka, pAta (pALavuM, rakSaNa karavuM)-pAlaka, nRt (nRtya karavuM)-nartaka. (4) ma : vRt (coravuM)-cora, prI (khuza karavuM)-priya, vana (pharavuM) cala, acala, (janmavuM)-anuja, saroja , (3) na: sthA (rahevuM)-sthAyI, vA (javuM)-yAyI, anuyAyI, man (masalata karavI)-maMtrI (3) mana nanTa (khuza karavuM)-nandana, arva (pIDavuM) ada- janArdana (viSNu), sun nAza karavo)-sUdana, madhusUdana (viSNu) (3) 7 : 9 (karavuM)-kartA, nau (doravuM)-netA, dRza (jovuM)draSTA, vRt (sarjavuM)-saTTA (2) karaNArthaka : (a) tra: nI (doravuM)-netra, pa (pIvuM)-pAtra. (4) anaH nI (doravuM)-nayana, zra (sAMbhaLavuM)-jhavaNa, vat (bolavuM)-vadana (3) bhAvavAcaka : (ba) maraH man (bhajavuM)-bhajana, vRt (vakhANavuM)-kIrtana, zrI - apaharaNa, mR- bhojana, sI- zayana (4) yA: (karavuM)-kriyA zI (sUvuM)-zaiyyA vid (jANavuM)vidyA, vat (pharavuM)-dinacaryA, paricaryA. () maH yun (joDavuM)-yoga. chid (chedavuM)-cheda, viccheda, vid (dilagIra thavuM)-kheda, mad (gAMDA thavuM)-pramAda, unmAda, vat (laI javuM)-vivAha, parivAha (3) tiH (karavuM)-kRti, prI (khuza karavuM)-prIti, ram (ramavuM)rati, vadhu (jANavuM)-buddhi, vat (bolavuM)-ukti, nai. (karamAvuM)plAni, nai (karamAvuM)-glAni ('tino 'ni thayo che.) - (rU) na: yak (yajavuM)-yajJa, svam (sUvuM)-svapna, vat (yatna karavo)-prayatna, prajI (pUchavuM)-prazna.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa () : pUrava (pUjavuM)-pUjA. kema (kRpA rAkhavI)-kRpA. d (kahevuM)-kathA, vR6 (icchA rAkhavI)-spRhA, sA (jANavuM)-prajJA, saMjJA, AjJA (4) vidhyarthakaH (1) manIya vaLa (varNavavuM)-varNanIya, ram (ramavuM)-ramaNIya. tu (vakhANavuM)-stavanIya () tatha: $ (karavuM)-kartavya, vat (bolavuM)- vaktavya () yaH (karavuM)- kArya varga (varNavavuM)-vaNya,ram (ramavuM)ramya, nabha (meLavavuM)-labhya, nis (niMdavuM)-niMdya (5) zIlArthaka : (ba) mAnu nidrA (UMghavuM)-nidrALu, Dha (dayA khAvI)-dayALu (4) vera : thA + (rahevuM)-sthAvara, mAm (prakAzavuM)-bhAsvara, nam (nAza pAmavuM)-nazvara (4) 3SNa : 6 (sahana karavuM)-sahiSNu (6) : vik (jANavuM)-vidura, fmad (bhAgavuM)-bhidura (Du) : nam (namavuM)-namra, hiMm (hiMsA karavI)-hiMsa (6) vartamAna kRdaMta H (vizeSaNa banAve che.) (5) mIna: vR (vadhavuM)-vardhamAna, vRt (hovuM)-vartamAna () -ma: nA (jAgavuM)-jAgrata. (hovuM)-sat (7) bhUtakRdaMta : (vizeSaNa banAve che.) (ma) taH kR (karavuM)-kutuM. una (jitavuM)-jita, mam (navuM)gata.fa (kheda pAmavo) khinna (dhAtune aMte vra hoya tyAre teno ne thAya che.) tava kRt pratyayo : (1) karkAvAcaka : keTalAka pratyayo sAmAnya nAma banAve che. AvA . pratyayone karNavAcaka pratyayo kahe che. dA.ta. ADI-khelADI. Aro-lUMTAro, vaNajAro, nArogAnAro, bolanAro, khAnAro, pInAro * ArI keLa

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78 * saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (2) karaNavAcaka H sAdhanavAcaka nAmanuM sUcana karanAra pratyayone karaNavAcaka ke sAdhanavAcaka pratyo kahe che. dA.ta. DI - sAraDI No-NI-zuM--vIMjaNo, gaLaNI, gaLaNuM, F ANa palANa (3) zIlArthaka : zIlavAcaka vizeSaNa banAvanAra pratyayane zIlArthaka, zIlavAcaka pratyayo kahe che. tenuM bIjuM nAma svabhAvavAcaka paNa che, kAraNa ke te svabhAvanuM darzana karAve che. dA.ta. - karyuM-mArakaNuM, vaDhakaNuM, bolakaNuM ALa-kharcALa, AuTakAu, uDAu (4) bhAvavAcaka : bhAvavAcaka nAma banAvanAra pratyayone bhAvavAcaka pratyaya kahe che. El.ct. kI-ko-DUbakI, kUdako; ta-ramata, bharata; tI-paDatI, caDatI; ATa-gabharATa, malakATa, caLakATa; AvadekhAva, DhoLAva; cUkavartaNUka, nimaNUka arabI-phArasI kRt pratyayo (dezya ?) (1) kartari : Ali-jANanAra, Azika icchanAra, jAminajavAba denAra, murabbI--rakSaka, lAIka--lAyaka (2) karmaNi : mAlUma--jaNAyeluM, maMjUra--joyeluM, mazahUra--prasiddha thayeluM, mubAraka-AzIrvAda pAmeluM, sukhI, murAda-icchita, icchA (3) bhUtakALa trIjo puruSa ekavacana : jahara-teNe joyuM, zahara- teNe prasiddha karyuM, zahada--teNe joyuM, sahaba--te rahyo, amala-teNe adhikAra jamAvyo dareka bhASAmAM navI navI arthacchAyAo UbhI karavA mATe navA navA zabdo prayojAtA nathI. jo Ama bane to bhASAmAM zabdo eTalA badhA vadhI jAya ke bhASAnuM mALakhuM ja tUTI jAya. eka arthane kendramAM rAkhI tene pratyayo lagADI temAMthI vividha arthacchAyAo UbhI karavAnI gujarAtI bhASAnI A eka rIta che. arvAcIna bhASAnI A eka khAsiyata che. aMgrejI bhASAmAM paNa gujarAtInI jema ja pratyayo lAge che.

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_pratyaya para pratyaya pUrva pratyaya taddhita kutuM | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | saMbaMdha- bhAva- vikAra- utkarSa svAmItva-apatyArtha- samUha- sAtR- svArtha-nyUnatA- laghutA- utpatti- sthaLa- kALa- saMbaMdhavAcaka vAcaka vAcaka vAcaka vAcaka vAcaka vAcaka vAcaka vAcaka vAcaka vAcaka sthA.vAca. vAcaka vAcaka vAcaka saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa rIti- tatsama taddhita arabIvAcaka ' phArasI - kutuM kartavAcaka karaNArthaka bhAva- vidhyarthaka zIlArthaka vartamAna bhUtakRdaMta taddabhava vAcaka kRdaMta arabI, phArasI kartavAcaka karaNArthaka zIlArthaka bhAvavAcaka kartari, karmaNi bhU.kA.trI.pu.e.va. 79

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80 dA.ta. saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa maeNna jenTalamaeNna . anajenTalamaeNnalI anajenTalamaeNnalInesa ahIM 'maeNna'nA eka arthane kendramAM rAkhI judI judI arthacchAyAo judA judA pratyayo dvArA UbhI karavAmAM AvI che. bhASA e karakasaravALI yojanA che, ane ahIM te sAbita thAya che, kema ke eka ja zabdamAMthI judI judI arthacchAyAo, laI AvavAmAM Ave che, ane e ja bhASAnI khUbI che. cInI bhASAmAM AvuM nathI, kema ke temAM pratyayo lAgatA nathI.

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12. nAma (saMjJA) prANI, padArtha ane mANasane oLakhavA mATe je nizAnI vAparIe chIe tene nAma kahevAmAM Ave che. nAmane saMjJA paNa kahe che. (1) hetala, aruNA, kAnana, pulina, (2) mANasa, vAgha, siMha, kUtaro, bilADI, (3) paMkho, bArI, ozIkuM, pena, Tebala vagerene ApaNe judAM judAM nAmathI oLakhIe chIe. (4) judI judI lAgaNIo ane judA judA guNone paNa ApaNe judAM judAM nAmathI oLakhIe chIe. jema ke prema, krodha, DahApaNa, UMDANa, dhIraja, zAMti, mIThAza vagere.. (5) e ja pramANe judI judI jAtanI kriyAone paNa ApaNe jadAM judAM nAmathI oLakhIe chIe. jema ke, vAcana, lekhana, bhaNatara, gaNatarI. saphAI vagere. Ama koI vyakti, vastu, guNa, bhAva ke kriyAne oLakhAvatAM padone saMjJA kahevAmAM Ave che. nIcenAM vAkyo vAco : (1) dhIrubhAI amArA Adarza zikSaka che. (2) gaMgA ghaNI lAMbI nadI che. (3) bhArata mAro deza che.' (4) kamaLa eka phUlanuM nAma che. . (5) gAya upayogI prANI che. . dhIrubhAI ane zikSaka vacce zo phera jaNAya che ? "dhIrubhAI saMjJA koI cokkasa vyaktine darzAve che. zikSaka saMjJA koIpaNa vyakti mATe vAparI zakAya. eTale ke e saMjJA eka AkhA varga ke jAtine darzAve che. je saMjJAo koI cokkasa eka ja vyaktine darzAve tene vyaktivAcaka saMjJA kahevAmAM o che. jema ke, dhIrubhAI, gaMgA. bhArata. je saMjJAo varga ke jAtine ke aneka vyaktione darzAve che tene jAtivAcaka saMjJA kahevAmAM Ave che. jemake zikSaka, nadI, deza, kamaLa, phUla, gAya, prANI.

Page #102
82 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa have, nIcenI saMjJAo juo : ToLuM, jhUmakhuM, phona, samudAya A saMjJAo jAtivAcaka saMjJAo jevI lAge che. paraMtu teo vyaktine nahi paNa samUhane darzAve che. hAthIonuM ToLuM, cAvIonuM gumakhuM, sainikonI phoja, mANasono samudAya. Ama samUha darzAvatI saMjJAone samUhavAcaka saMjJA kahevAmAM Ave che. have, nIcenI saMjJAo juo : ghauM, cokhA, ghI, tela, rU, kApaDa, sonuM A saMjJAo paNa jAtivAcaka saMjJAo jevI lAge che kAraNa ke e badhI vastuonI jAtionAM nAma che. paraMtu kharekhara to te vastuo jaththAmAM dravyarUpe rahelI che. emanuM vajana thaI zake che, emanuM mApa laI zakAya che. Ama dravyarUpe rahelI je vastuo che te sUtronI saMjJAone dravyavAcaka saMjJA kahevAmAM Ave che. paraMtu e dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM joIe ke 'sonuM e dravyavAcaka saMjJA che. paNa sonAmAMthI banela vastu ghareNuM e jAtivAcaka saMjJA thAya. te pramANe lAkaDuM dravyavAcaka saMjJA che paNa temAMthI baneluM Tebala jAtivAcaka saMjJA thAya. have, nIcenI saMjJAo juo : mUrkhAI, bhalAI, mIThAza, kALAza, vicAra sevA, kAma, mada, jhaNajhaNATa, raNakAra A badhI saMjJAo nakkara padArtha darzAvatI nathI paNa bhAvo darzAve che. "mUrkha e guNa che paNa "mUrkhAI e mUrkha hovAno bhAva che. e badhI saMjJAone rUpa nathI. raMga nathI. AkAra nathI. emane AMgaLI cIMdhIne batAvI zakAtI nathI. Ama bhAvone darzAvatI saMjJAone bhAvavAcaka saMjJA kahevAmAM Ave che. bhAvavAcaka saMjJAo vizeSaNo parathI ane kriyApado parathI bane che. Ama, saMjJAo pAMca prakAranI che : (1) vyaktivAcaka, (2) jAtivAcake, (3) samUhavAcaka, (4) dravyavAcaka ane (5) bhAvavAcaka.

Page #103
13. sarvanAma nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : 1. hinAe kahyuM, 'huM kAle AvIza.' 2. stutie nItinane kahyuM, tuM zuM kare che ?' 3. eka siMha hato. te jhADa nIce beTho hato. 4. medAna para ghaNA chokarA hatA. keTalAka ramatA hatA ne bIjA beThA hatA. pahelA vAkyamAM hinA mATe vaparAyela zabda 'huM' che. bIjA vAkyamAM bolanAra ane sAMbhaLanAra alaga che. bolanAre (stutie) sAMbhaLanAra mATe (nItina mATe) 'tuM vAparyuM che. 'siMha' mATe 'te' zabda vaparAyo che. 'chokarA' mATe 'keTalAka' ane 'bIjA zabdo vaparAya che. hinA, stuti, nItina, siMha ane chokarA e badhAM nAma (saMjJA che. A nAmone badale huM, tuM, te, keTalAka ane bIjA A zabdo vaparAya che. nAmane badale vaparAtA A zabdo sarvanAma kahevAya che. sarvanAmanA upayogathI vAkya saraLa ane TUMkuM bane che. sarvanAmanA prakAra A pramANe che : 1. puruSavAcaka sarvanAma : nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : 1. karaNe pulinane kahyuM. 'huM amadAvAda jAuM chuM. tuM Ave che ?' 2. karaNe kahyuM, neha ApaNI sAthe Avaze ?' 3. puline kahyuM, ``te jarUra Avaze.' uparanAM vAMkyomAM huM, tuM, te A sarvanAmo che. pahelA vAkyamAM bolanAra karaNa che. karaNa mATe 'huM' zabda vaparAyo che. sAMbhaLanAra pulina che. pulina mATe 'tuM' zabda vaparAyo che. baMne 'neha' vize vAta kare che. mATe 'te' zabda vaparAyo che. uparanAM vAkyomAM huM, tuM, te- A badhAM sarvanAmo che. bolanAra pahelo puruSa kahevAya. ahIM pahelo puruSa 'karaNa' che. 83

Page #104
84 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa sAMbhaLanAra bIjo puruSa kahevAya. ahIM bIjo puruSa 'pulina che. pahelA ane bIjA puruSa jenA vize vAta kare che te trIjo puruSa kahevAya. ahIM trIjo puruSa nehI che. pahelA puruSa mATe huM'. bIjA puruSa mATe "tuM" ane trIjA puruSa mATe te sarvanAma vaparAyAM che. A "huM, tuM, te puruSavAcaka sarvanAma che. puruSa batAvatAM sarvanAma puruSavAcaka savanAma kahevAya che. gItAe aruNAne kahyuM, "huM vAMcIza, tuM lakhaje.' ahIM "gItA mATe vaparAyeluM sarvanAma che, mATe huM pahelo puruSa sarvanAma che. tuM araNA mATe vaparAyeluM sarvanAma che, mATe tuM bIjo puruSa sarvanAma che. nAma game te jAtimAM hoya paraMtu temane mATe vaparAyelA zabdo huM, tuM, te vagere puruSavAcaka sarvanAmo hoya che. - huM, meM, mane, tuM, tane, ame, amane, te, tene, te, tame, tamane, teo, teoe, temane, Apa, Apane, Ape vagere puruSavAcaka sarvanAmo che. puruSavAcaka sarvanAmonA traNa prakAra pADI zakAya : (1) pahelo puruSa sarvanAma, (2) bIjo puruSa sarvanAma ane (3) trIjo puruSa sarvanAma. 2. darzaka sarvanAma : nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : 1. zikSake iMglenDanA vaDApradhAna carcilanI chabI batAvatAM kahyuM. A rahyA iMglenDanA eka yazasvI vaDApradhAna.' 2. kerosIna tarapha dUrathI AMgaLI cIMdhI mAtAe kahyuM. "e rahyuM pUratA jaththAmAM mArI pAse." 3. puline dUrathI AvatA zailane batAvI hetalane kahyuM, pelo koNa Ave che, vAruM?" pahelA vAkyamAM 'A' sarvanAma carcila mATe vaparAyuM che. bIjA vAkyamAM e sarvanAma kerosIna mATe vaparAyuM che. trIjA vAkyamAM 'pelo sarvanAma zaila mATe vaparAyuM che. A traNe sarvanAma koI vyakti ke padArthane darzAvavAnI kAmagIrI

Page #105
85 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa kare che. eTale emane darzaka sarvanAma kahe che. darzaka eTale batAvanAra. bahu najIkanAM prANI padArtha mATe "A, AnAthI jarA dUranAM prANI padArtha mATe e ane ghaNA dUranAM prANIpadArtha mATe 'te', e ke 'peluM sarvanAma vaparAya che. 3. sApekSa sarvanAma : nIcenA vAkya vAMco : 1. je aphavA phelAve te dezadrohI gaNAya. 2. jeNe ApI jANyuM teNe jIvI jANyuM. 3. jene rAma rAkhe tene koI na cAkhe. 4. jevuM vAvazo tevuM laNazo. uparanAM vAkyomAM pahelo aDadho bhAga bolIe chIe to tenA pachI bAkIno aDadho bhAga bolavo ja paDe che. Ama A vAkyomAMnAM je-te', "jeNe-teNe', 'jene-tene, "jevuM-tevuM sarvanAmo be judI judI kriyA karanAra eka ja athavA amuka ja vyaktinI apekSAe (eka hoya eTale bIjuM hoya ja evI samaja sAthe) vaparAyAM che. AvAM ekabIjAnI apekSAe vaparAtAM sarvanAmone sApekSa sarvanAmo kahe che. "sApekSa eTale "sa (sAthe) + apekSA (icchA)vALuM." "je ane "je uparathI thayelAM "jevuM, "jeTaluM, 'jevaDuM sApekSa sarvanAma che. e pada jyAM vaparAya tyAM tenI apekSAe hamezAM "te', 'tevuM. teTaluM, 'tevaDuM sarvanAma anukrame Ave ja. kyAreka vAkyamAM 'je', jeNe, jene vagere na vaparAyela hoya to paNa cAle, paNa "te, "teNe , 'tene vagere to vaparAvAM ja joIe. 4. praznavAcaka sarvanAma : - nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : 1. ahIMthI koNa gayuM ? (darzana) 2. tamArA zIzAmAM zuM che ? (kerosIna) 3. kone yAda karyA ? (carcilane) . pahelA vAkyamAM koNe sarvanAma darzanA mATe vaparAyuM che. bIjA vAkyamAM zuM sarvanAma "kerosIna mATe vaparAyuM che.

Page #106
saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa trIjA vAkyamAM 'kone' sarvanAma carcila mATe vaparAyuM che. 'koNa', 'zuM', 'kone' sarvanAmo kazuMka pUchavA mATe vaparAyAM che. A sarvanAmo saMjJAne badale vaparAIne vAkyone praznavAkya banAve che. A sarvanAma saMjJAne sthAne AvI vidhAnavAkyane prazravAkya banAvavAmAM upayogI thatAM hoI temane praznavAcaka sarvanAma kahe che. praznavAcaka' eTale 'prazna pUchanAra'. koNa. ko-kaI-kayuM, zo-zI-zuM, kevuM-keTaluMkevaDuM praznavAcaka sarvanAmo che. 'koNa'' sarvanAma sAdhAraNa rIte jIvaMta vyaktine mATe vaparAya che. 'zuM' sarvanAma jIvajaMtuo ke nirjIva vastuo mATe vaparAya che. 5. anizcita sarvanAma : 86 nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : 1. koInI khovAyelI paNa A noTa hoya. 2. teM kaMIka gumAvyuM hoya ema lAge che. 3. mane kazuM nathI thayuM. 4. tane kAMI thayuM che. uparanAM vAkyomAMnAM koI, kaMIka, kazuM, kAMI e sarvanAmo koI vyakti ke bAbata sUcavatI saMjJAo aMge vaparAyAM che. e vyakti koNa haze ke bAbata zI haze e nakkI nathI. Ama, je sarvanAma koI nizcita prANI ke padArthane maTe vAparavAmAM na AvyuM hoya te anizcita sarvanAma kahevAya che. 'anizcita' eTale 'nizcita nahi te arthAt anizcitatAno bhAva vyakta karanAra, 'koI', 'koIka' ke 'koka' e traNe jude jude rUpe, 'koI', 'kaMIka', 'kaMIke', 'kAMka' e traNa jude jude rUpe; 'kaMI' ane 'kazuM' ke 'kazuMka' e be rUpe 'kazuM' e sarvanAma vaparAya che. 'kaMI' ane 'kazuM' ekabIjAne badale vAparI zakAtAM sarvanAma che. 'keTalAka', 'ghaNA', 'bIjA', 'badhA', 'dareka', pratyeka', 'amuka', phalANuM vagere paNa anizcitapaNAno bhAva batAvatAM anizcita sarvanAmo che.

Page #107
saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 87 6. svavAcaka sarvanAma : nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco >> 1. huM pote AvIza. 2. tame pote Avajo. 3. te pote Avaze. uparanAM vAkyomAM "pote pada ", 'tame', 'te' jevAM sarvanAma sAthe vaparAyuM che. pahelA vAkyamAM "pote pada bolanAranA potAnA mATe vaparAyuM. bIjA vAkyamAM 'pote pada sAMbhaLanAranA potAnA mATe vaparAyuM che. trIjA vAkyamAM 'pote' pada trIjI vyaktinA potAnA mATe vaparAyuM che. "pote' padanA AvI jAtanA upayogathI nakkIpaNAno artha Ave che ke bhAra daIne kahevAnuM samajAya che. pote ekaluM paNa vAparI zakAya. jema ke, pote Avaze." pote sarvanAma potApaNAno artha batAve che eTale ene svavAcaka sarvanAma kahevAmAM Ave che. je sarvanAma puruSavAcaka sarvanAmanI sAthe vaparAIne tene potAne oLakhAve te svavAcaka sarvanAma. arthAt potAnI jAta-jene ApaNe sva kahIe chIe tene A sarvanAma sUcave che tethI tene svavAcaka sarvanAma kahe che. "svavAcaka eTale potApaNuM sUcavanAra. jAte, paDe. khuda, nija, hAthe. meLe, Apa, ApoApa e A rIte svavAcaka sarvanAmo che. 7. sarvanAma - vizeSaNa tarIke : nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : . * 1. A sAMbhaLIne khalIphAne e lobhI darabArIo vize duHkha thayuM. 2. A samaye khalIphAe abunI zarata kabUla rAkhI. 3. ene kaMI vAta karavI che. 4. A koI zANo mANasa jaNAya che. 5. je inAma Apo te inAma rokaDA paisAmAM Apajo. 6. khalIphA potAnI vAta upara makkama rahyA. 7. huM kazI AjJA karavA nathI mAgato. 8. evo te zo dhaDAko karyo ? pahelA vAkyamAM AM. ane e darzaka sarvanAmo che. A e vAta evI saMjJAne badale vaparAyuM che tethI sarvanAma che, paraMtu e

Page #108
88 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa ahIM lobhI darabArIonuM vizeSaNa banIne AvyuM che. kharekhara to lobhI e pada paNa darabArIonuM vizeSaNa che eTale. e vizeSaNa darabArIo e saMjJAnuM che. bIjA vAkyamAM "A sarvanAma 'samaye e saMjJAnA vizeSaNa tarIke AvyuM che. trIjA vAkyamAM "kaMI sarvanAma "vAta e saMjJAnA. cothA vAkyamAM koI sarvanAma "zANo mANasanA', pAMcamA vAkyamAM 'je-te' sarvanAma inAma saMjJAnA, chaThThA vAkyamAM potAnI sarvanAma "vArtA saMjJAnA, sAtamA vAkyamAM kazI sarvanAma "AjJA saMjJAnA, ane AThamA vAkyamAM zo sarvanAma dhaDAko' saMjJAnA vizeSaNa tarIke vAparela che. uparanAM sarvanAmo sarvanAma uparAMta vizeSaNanI paNa kAmagIrI bajAve che. AvAM sarvanAmone "sArvajanika vizeSaNo' eTale ke "sarvanAma uparathI banelAM vizeSaNo tarIke oLakhAvI zakAya. koNa e praznavAcaka sarvanAma sAmAnya rIte vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAtuM nathI paNa tene badale ko, koI', 'kayuM e pada praznavAcaka vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAya che.

Page #109
14. sarvanAma : jAti, vacana ane vibhakti 1. eka siMha hato. te jhADa nIce sUto hato. 2. bagIcAmAM ghaNAM phUla hatAM. keTalAMka suMdara hatAM, ne bIjAM sAdhAraNa hatAM. uparanAM vAkyomAM te, keTalAMka, bIjAM--e zabdo anukrame siMha, phUla e nAmone badale vaparAyA che. AvA, nAmane badale vaparAtA zabdone sarvanAma kahe che. sarvanAmathI vAkya TUMkuM ane saraLa bane che. jAti : nAmanI mAphaka sarvanAmane paNa jAti hoya che. je jAti nAmanI hoya te ja jAti tene badale vaparAtA sarvanAmanI gaNAya che-jAtine kAraNe keTalAMka sarvanAmanAM rUpa badalAya che. dA.ta., nArI jAti nAnyatara jAti pelI peluM zI kaI jevI nara jAti pelo zo kayo karyuM jevo jevuM vagere. jyAre keTalAMka sarvanAmanAM rUpamAM jAtine kAraNe pheraphAra thato nathI. dA.ta., huM, tuM, te, tame, koNa, anya vagere. 'te' sarvanAmanA nArIjAtinA rUpamAM 'teNI' vApare che. te khoTuM che. sarvanAmanI jAtino nirNaya pUrvApara saMbaMdha uparathI athavA kriyApadanA rUpa uparathI karI zakAya che. jemake, 'huM vAMcato hato.' emAM 'huM'nI narajAti che. 'koNa AvyuM hatuM ?' emAM 'koNa'nI nAnyatarajAti che. sarvanAmanAM vacana : nAmanI mAphaka sarvanAmane paNa vacana hoya che. je vacana nAmanuM hoya che te ja vacana tene badale vaparAtA sarvanAmanuM gaNAya che. vacanane kAraNe keTalAMka sarvanAmanAM rUpa badalAya che. dA.ta., huM (e.va.) - ame (ba.va.), tuM tame; te--te, teo; e eo; je-jeo. 89

Page #110
90 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa bIjAM sarvanAmanAM rUpa baMne vacanamAM samAna rahe che. mAtra "uMkArAnta ane "o'kArAnta sarvanAmonAM bahuvacananuM rUpa 'una 'AM ane o'no 'A' thAya che. dA.ta., zuM-zAM, kayuM-kayAM, zo-zA, kayokayA vagere. Apa-e sarvanAma bIjA puruSanA mAnArthe bahuvacana tarIke vaparAya che. trIjA puruSanuM sarvanAma 'te', darzaka sarvanAma "e', 'te' ane sApekSa sarvanAma "je-te - enAM ekavacananAM rUpa keTalIka vAra bahuvacananA arthamAM vaparAya che. dA.ta., 1. rohiNInI sADIo tame joI ? nA, meM te joI nathI. 2. bagIcAmAM ghaNAM phUla che. je suMdara hoya te ja lAvajo. jAtinI jema sarvanAmanA vacanano nirNaya pUrvApara saMbaMdha uparathI ke kriyApadanAM rUpa uparathI karI zakAya che. jemake, 'te pharavA gayo' emAM '" ekavacanamAM che. te pharavA gayA" emAM te bahuvacanamAM che. sarvanAmanI vibhakti nAmanI mAphaka sarvanAmane paNa vibhaktipratyaya lAge che ane te judA judA artha batAve che. vibhaktinA pratyaya lAgatAM keTalAMka sarvanAmanAM rUpomAM ghaNo pheraphAra thAya che, tevAM sarvanAmanAM vibhaktinA pratyaya sAthenAM saMpUrNa rUpo nIce ApyAM che, te dhyAnamAM rAkhavAthI bIjAM sarvanAmonAM rUpo banAvavAmAM tathA oLakhavAmAM madada thaze. vibhakti e.va. bava. 1lI huM ame rajI mane amane 3jI meM, mAre ame, amAre 4thI mane, mAre amane amAre pamI mArAthI amArAthI 6ThThI mAro-rI-4 amAro-rI- 7mI mArAmAM amArAmAM vibhakti eva. ba.va. 1lI tuM tame rajI tane tamane 3jI hai, tAre tame, tamAre 4thI tane, tAre tamane. tamAre pamI tArAthI tamArAthI 6ThThI tAro-rI-ruM tamAro-rI7mI tArAmAM tamArAmAM

Page #111
saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 91 vibhakti ekavacana bahuvacana 1lI te te, teo te, tene teone, temane teNe teoe, temaNe 4thI tene teone, temane pamI tethI, tenAthI teothI, teonAthI temanAthI teno-nI-nuM teono-nI-nuM 7mI temAM, tenAmAM teomAM, teonAmAM, temanAmAM e' sarvanAmanAM rUpo paNa upara pramANe thAya che. 'tene-teNe tathA "temane temaNe e sarvanAmonA upayogamAM ghaNI vAra bhUla thAya che. teNe tathA temaNe e sarvanAmomAM trIjI vibhaktino pratyaya che ane e kartA tarIke ja vaparAya che. tenetathA "temane e sarvanAmomAM bIjI vibhaktino pratyaya che ane te karma tarIke ja vaparAya che. tethI e baMne rUpone ekabIjAne baMdale vAparavAmAM na joIe. tene dUdha pIdhuM ke temane phUla toDyAM e khoTuM che: 'teNe dUdha pIdhuM ke temaNe phUla toDyAM e sAcuM che. ApaNe vibhakti bahuvacana vibhakti e.va. tathA ba.va. 1lI ApaNe 1lI koNa ? rajI ApaNane kone ApaNe koNe 4thI ApaNe, ApaNane 4thI kone pAmI ApaNAthI pamI konAthI 6ThThI ApaNo-ApaNI-NuM 6ThThI kono-nI-nuM 7mI ApaNAmAM 7mI konAmAM

Page #112
92 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa A vibhakti e.va. bahuvacana vibhakti e.va. . .' ba.va. 1lI A A 1lI kayuM kayAM rajI A, Ane Amane raju karyuM, kayAne kayAM, kayAMnI 3jI. ANe AmaNe 3jI kayAe, kaye kayAMe 4thI Ane Amane 4thI kayAne kayAMne pamI AthI, AnAthI AmanAthI pamI kyAMthI kyAMthI 6ThThI Ano-nI-nuM Amano-nI-nuM 6ThThI kayAno-nI-nuM kayAMno-nI-nuM 7mI AmAM AmanAmAM 7mI kyAmAM, kaye kayAmAM vibhaktinA pratyaya lAgatAM pahelAM "kayo'nuM kayA thAya che ane pachI tene vibhaktinA pratyaya lAge che. pahelI ane bIjI vibhaktimAM ekavacanamAM kayo rahe che. kaIne sIdhA vibhaktinA pratyayo lAge che. zo, vibhakti ekavacana bahuvacana 1lI zo zA rajI zo, zAne. zene zA, zAne, zene zANe, zeNe zANe, zeNe 4thI zAne, zene zAne. zene pamI zAthI, zethI zAthI, zethI, zAnAthI, zenAthI 6ThThI zAno-nI-nuM, zeno-nI-nuM zAno-nI-nuM, zeno-nI-nuM 7mI zAmAM, zemAM zAnAmAM, zenAmAM 3jI ekavacanamAM 'zA' ane bahuvacanamAM "zAM thaI upara pramANe zuM'nAM rUpo bane che. pahelI ane bIjI vibhaktimAM ekavacanamAM zuM rahe che.

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15.kriyApada(dhAtu) tenAkALa,arthaane prayoga kriyApadanA kALa : nIcenAM vAkyonAM kriyApado tapAso : (1) neha citra dore che. (1) nehe citra doryuM che-doreluM che. (2) zaila patra lakhato hato. (2) zaile patra lakhyo che-lakhelo che. (3) RSi bhajana gAto haze. (3) RSie bhajana gAyAM haze gAyelAM haze. ahIM 'ka' vibhAganAM vAkyomAM kriyApado anukrame vartamAna, bhUta ane bhaviSyakALamAM kriyA apUrNa, eTale ke cAlu rahelI, batAve che. jyAre "kha" vibhAganAM vAkyomAM kriyApado je te kALamAM kriyA pUrI thaI gaI che ema sUcave che. temAMye doreluM. 'lakhelo' ane "gAyelAM' e rUpa dUranA samayamAM kriyA thaI che ema batAve che, ane "doryuM. "lakhyo ane gAyAM e rUpo najIkanA samayamAM kriyA thayAnuM sUcave che. A rIte najIkano samaya darzAvanArAM eTale ke adyatana ke prathama pUrNa ane dUrano samaya batAvanArAM eTale ke anadyatane ke dvitIya pUrNa rUpo traNe kALamAM Ave che. have A traNa vAkyo juo : (1) rAma vanamAM javAnA che. * (2) bharata vanamAM janAra che. (3) sItAne vanamAM javuM haze. A vAkyomAM vaparAyela kriyApada kartAnI kriyA karavAnI icchA darzAve che. "javAnA', "janAra" ke "javuM e "jA dhAtunuM icchAvAcaka rUpa che. badhAM kriyApadonAM traNa kALanAM AvAM icchAvAcaka rUpo bane che. Ama, badhAM ja kriyApadonAM dareka kALanAM apUrNa, prathama pUrNa, dvitIya pUrNa ane icchAvAcaka ema cAra prakAranAM rUpo thAya che. nIcenAM be vAkyo juo : (1) kavi kavitA race. . . (2) kavi kavitA race che. - 93

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa ahIM baMne vAkyomAM kriyApado vartamAnakALamAM che, paNa be vacce dekhItI rIte ja phera che. ekanuM rUpa kriyApada parathI banyuM che, tyAre bIjAnuM rUpa 'che' dhAtunI sahAya laIne banAvavAmAM AvyuM che. Ama, kriyApadanA dhAtu parathI je rUpa bane te zuddha kahevAya ane 'che' athavA 'ho' dhAtunAM vividha rUponI sahAya laIne banAvavAmAM te saghaLAM rUpo mizra kahevAya. mukhya kriyApadane A rIte sahAya karanArAM gauNa kriyApadone sAhAcyakAraka kriyApada kahe che. je je kALano artha batAvavA mizra rUpono upayoga thAya che te te kALane mizra kALa kahe che. 94 have dareka kALanAM zuddha ane mizra rUponI racanA ane temanA prayogano vicAra karIe. vartamAnakALa ame-ApaNe pATha vAMcIe chIe. tame pATha vAMco cho. vartamAnakALa apUrNa athavA cAlu huM pATha vAMcuM chuM. pATha vAMce che. te pATha vAMce che. teo pATha vAMce che. A vAkyomAM vAMcavAnI pUrI thaI nathI, paNa cAlu hoI apUrNa che ema batAvyuM che. ApaNe joyuM ke zuddha vartamAnakALanAM rUpo vartamAnakALamAM thatI kriyA darzAvI zakatAM nathI. jUnI gujarAtI bhASAmAM te rUpo vartamAnakALano artha batAvI zakatAM hatAM. paNa vakhata jatAM e rUpono artha ghasAI gayo. eTale zuddha vartamAnakALanAM rUpone sAhAyyakAraka kriyApadonAM rUpo lagADIne temAMthI vartamAnakALano artha kADhavAmAM Avyo. vartamAnakALanI kriyA darzAvavA mATe have zuddhane badale A mizra rUpano upayoga thAya che. apUrNa vartamAnakALanAM rUpo bIjA keTalAka artha paNa darzAve che : (1) huM da22oja savAramAM prArthanA karuM chuM. (niyamita kriyA ke Teva) (2) mahenata kare che te sukhI thAya che. (nItivacana) (3) jahAMgIra jAya che ke tarata zAhajahAM Ave che. (pratyakSa citra)

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa prathama pUrNa vartamAnakALa : meM pATha vAMcyo che. teM pATha vAMcyo che. teNe pATha vAMcyo che. * ame-ApaNe pATha vAMcyo che. tame pATha vAMcyo che. temaNe-teoe pATha vAMcyo che. A vAkyomAMnAM kriyApado kriyA vartamAnamAM pUrNa thaI gaI che ema batAve che. dvitIya pUrNa vartamAnakALa : meM pATha vAMcelo che. teM pATha vAMcelo che: teNe pATha vAMcelo che. ame-ApaNe pATha vAMcelo che. tame pATha vAMcelo che. temaNe-teoe pATha vAMcelo che. A vAkyomAMnAM kriyApado paNa kriyA vartamAnamAM pUrI thaI gaI che ema batAve che. paraMtu ApaNe joI gayA ke hamaNAM ja pUrI thayelI kriyA prathama pUrNa vartamAnanI gaNAya che, ane tenAthI vadhu vakhata pahelAM pUrI thayelI kriyA dvitIya pUrNa vartamAnanI gaNAya che. kriyA pUrI thaI hoya, paNa tenI asara vartamAna sudhI AvatI hoya tyAre te pUrNa vartamAnakALamAM che ema kahevuM joIe. dA.ta. 95 (1) bhagavAna buddhe zAMti ane ahiMsAno upadeza karelo che. (2) gAMdhIjIe ApaNane vizvapremanI bhAvanA samajAvI che. ahIM upadeza ApavAnI ane samajAvavAnI kriyA pUrI thaI gaI hovA chatAM tenI asara Aje rahelI che. huM pATha vAMcanAra-vAMcavAno chuM. mAre pATha vAMcavo che. prathama temaja dvitIya pUrNa vartamAnakALanAM rUpomAM bhUtakRdaMtonAM rUpono mukhya kriyApada tarIke upayoga thAya che ane tene sAhAyyakAraka kriyApada 'che'nAM rUpo lAge che. icchAvAcaka vartamAnakALa : ame-ApaNe pATha vAMcanAra-vAMcavAnA chIe. amAre-ApaNe pATha vAMcavo che. tame pATha vAMcanAra-vAMcavAnA cho. * tamAre pATha vAMcavo che. tuM pATha vAMcanAra-vAMcavAno che. tAre pATha vAMcavo che. te pATha vAMcanAra-vAMcavAno che. teo pATha vAMcanAra-vAMcavAnA che.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa tene pATha vAMcavo che. temane-teone pATha vAMcavAnA che. Ama icchAvAcaka vartamAna kriyA karavAnI icchA darzAve che. temAM vartamAnamAM darzAvela icchAno saMbaMdha bhaviSyanI kriyA sAthe che. AthI icchAdarzaka vartamAnakALanAM rUpomAMthI koI vAra bhaviSyakALane artha paNa nIkaLe che. dA.ta. bAjI bagaDI gayA pachI tame zuM karavAnA cho ?' icchAvAcaka vartamAnakALanAM rUpomAMthI bhaviSyakRdaMta (vAMcanAra, vAMcavAno) ke sAmAnya kRdaMta (vAMcavo) mukhya kriyApada tarIke Ave tene sAhATyakAraka kriyApada che nAM vartamAnakALanAM rUpo lAge che. bhUtakALa zuddha bhUtakALa : prathama zuddha bhUtakALa : meM pATha vAMcyo. ame-ApaNe pATha vAMcyo. te pATha vAMcyo. tame pATha vAMcyo. teNe pATha vAMcyo. temaNe teoe pATha vAMcyo. dvitIya zuddha bhUtakALa : meM pATha vAMcelo. ame-ApaNe pATha vAMcelo. te pATha vAMcelo. tame pATha vAMcelo. teNe pATha vAMcelo. temaNe teoe pATha vAMcelo. baMne prakAranAM zuddha bhUtakALanAM rUpo kriyA bhUtakALamAM thaI gaI che ema batAve che. paraMtu prathama zuddha bhUtakALanA karatAM dvitIya zuddha bhUtakALa kriyA dUranA samayamAM eTale ke vadhu vahelI thaI gayelI hovAnuM sUcave che. prathama ane dvitIya bhUtakALanAM rUpomAM prathama ke dvitIya bhUtakRdaMta mukhya kriyApada tarIke vaparAya che. tene koI gauNa kriyApadanI sahAya levI paDatI nathI. niyamita zuddha bhUtakALaH huM pATha vAMcato. ame-ApaNe pATha vAMcatA. tuM pATha vAMcato. tame pATha vAMcatA. te pATha vAMcato. teo pATha vAMcatA.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 97 ahIM kriyA bhUtakALamAM thayelI batAvavA uparAMta te kriyA niyamita thatI ema sUcavyuM che. niyamita bhUtakALanAM rUpomAM vartamAnakRdaMta mukhya kriyApada tarIke Ave che. tene koI sAhAyyakAraka kriyApada lAgatuM nathI. mizra bhUtakALa apUrNa bhUtakALa : huM pATha vAMcato hato. pATha vAMcato hato. te pATha vAMcato hato. ame-ApaNe pATha vAMcatA hatA. tame pATha vAMcatA hatA. teo pATha vAMcatA hatA. ahIM bhUtakALamAM kriyA roja thatI ema darzAvyuM che. kriyA bhUtakALamAM thaI hovA chatAM apUrNa che, cAlu che evo artha emAMthI nIkaLe che. apUrNa bhUtakALamAM vartamAna kRdaMtano mukhya kriyApada tarIke upayoga thAya che ane tene sAhAyakAraka kriyApada 'ho'nAM bhUtakALanAM rUpo lAge che. prathama pUrNa bhUtakALa : meM pATha vAMcyo hato. teM pATha vAMcyo hato. teNe pATha vAMcyo hato. dvitIya pUrNa bhUtakALa : meM pATha vAMcelo hato. teM pATha vAMcelo hato. teNe pATha vAMcelo hato. ame-ApaNe pATha vAMcyo hato. tame pATha vAMcyo hato. temaNe-teoe pATha vAMcyo hato. ame-ApaNe pATha vAMcelo hato. tame pATha vAMcelo hato. temaNe-teoe pATha vAMcelo hato. ahIM kriyA bhUtakALamAM pUrNa thaI gaI che ema darzAvyuM che. temAM prathama pUrNa bhUtakALa karatAM dvitIya pUrNa bhUtakALamAM kriyA dUranA samayamAM pUrI thaI gayelI sUcavI che. prathama ke dvitIya pUrNa bhUtakALanAM rUpomAM prathama ke dvitIya bhUtakRdaMta mukhya kriyApada tarIke prayojAya che ane tene sAhAyyakAraka kriyApada 'ho'nAM bhUtakALanAM rUpo lAge che. icchAvAcaka bhUtakALa : huM pATha vAMcanAra-vAMcavAno hato. mAre pATha vAMcavo hato. ame-ApaNe pATha vAMcanAra vAMcavAnA hatA. amAre pATha vAMcavo hato.

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98 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa te pATha vAMcanAra-vAMcavAno hato. tame pATha vAMcanAra vAMcavAnA hatA. tAre pATha vAMcavo hato. tamAre pATha vAMcavI hato. te pATha vAMcanAra-vAMcavAno hato. teo pATha vAMcanAra-vAMcavAnA na hatA. tene pATha vAMcavo hato. temane-teone pATha vAMcavo hato. ahIM bhaviSyanI kriyAne bhUtakALamAM thayelI icchA sAthe saMbaMdha che. icchAvAcaka bhUtakALanAM rUpo paNa bhaviSyakALano artha koI vAra sUcave che. dA.ta. Abha phATyuM tyAM tame thIgaDuM kyAMthI mAravAnA hatA ? icchAvAcaka bhUtakALamAM bhaviSyakRdaMta ke sAmAnyakRtano mukhya kriyApada tarIke upayoga thAya che. tene sAhATyakAraka kriyApada honAM bhUtakALanAM rUpo lAge che. bhaviSyakALa zuddha bhaviSyakALa : . huM pATha vAMcIza. ama-ApaNe pATha vAMcIzuM. tuM pATha vAMcIza. tame pATha vAMcazo. te pATha vAMcaze. teo pATha vAMcaze. ahIM have thanAra kriyA darzAvI che. tene sAdo bhaviSyakALa paNa kahe che. emAM kriyApadanA dhAtunuM rUpa ja Ave che. tene sAhATyakAraka kriyApada lAgatuM nathI. mizra bhaviSyakALa apUrNa bhaviSyakALa : huM pATha vAMcato hoIza. ame-ApaNe pATha vAMcatA hoIzuM. tuM pATha vAMcato hoIza. tame pATha vAMcatA hazo. te pATha vAMcato haze. teo pATha vAMcatA haze. bhaviSyamAM thanAra kriyA apUrNa hoI cAlu che ema ahIM batAvyuM che. apUrNa bhaviSyakALamAM vartamAna kRdaMtano mukhya kriyApada tarIke upayoga thAya che. ane tene sAhATyakAraka kriyApada honAM bhaviSyakALanAM rUpo (hoIza, hazo. haze vagere) lAge che.

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99 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa prathama pUrNa bhaviSyakALa : meM pATha vAMcyo haze. * ' ame-ApaNe pATha vAMcyo haze. te pATha vAMcyo haze. tame pATha vAcyo haze. teNe pATha vAMcyo haze. temaNe-teoe pATha vAMcyo haze. dvitIya pUrNa bhaviSyakALa : meM pATha vAMcelo haze. ame-ApaNe pATha vAMcelo haze. te pATha vAMcelo haze. tame pATha vAMcelo haze. teNe pATha vAMcelo haze. temaNe-teoe pATha vAMcelo haze. prathamanA karatAM dvitIya pUrNa bhaviSyakALa kriyAne vahelI thayelI batAve che. pUrNa bhUtakALanI kriyA nizcita artha batAve che, tyAre pUrNa bhaviSyakALanI kriyA anizcitatA sUcave che. pUrNa bhaviSyakALanAM rUpomAM te te bhUtakRdaMta mukhya kriyApada tarIke Ave che. ane tene sahAdhyakAraka kriyApada ho'nA bhaviSyakALanuM rUpa lAge che. icchAvAcaka bhaviSyakALa : huM pATha vAMcanAra-vAMcavAno hoIza. ame-ApaNe pATha vAMcanAra - vAMcavAnAM hoIzuM. mAre pATha vAMcavo haze. amAre-ApaNe pATha vAMcavo hazo. tuM pATha vAMcanAra-vAMcavAno hoIza. tame pATha vAMcanAra-vAMcavAnA haze. tAre pATha vAMcavo haze. - tamAre pATha vAMcavo haze. te pATha vAMcanAra-vAMcavAno haze. teo pATha vAMcanAra-vAMcavAnA haze. tene pATha vAMcavo haze. temane-teone pATha vAMcavo haze. ahIM IcchA darzAvelI che. temAM icchA ane kriyA baMne bhaviSyamAM thavAnAM hovAthI baMnemAMthI ghaNuMkharuM eka ja artha nIkaLe che. icchAvAcaka bhaviSyakALanAM rUpomAM bhaviSyakadaMta (vAMcanAra-vAMcavAno) ke sAmAnyakRdaMta (vAMcavo) mukhya kriyApada tarIke Ave che ane tene sAhATyakAraka kriyApada 'honA bhaviSyakALanAM rUpo lAge che. Ama, ekaMdare pAMca zuddha kaLa che ane bAra mizrakALa che. te dareka kALanAM sAdhita dhAtunAM rUpa paNa thaI zake. dA.ta.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 100 zuddha vartamAnakALa : huM pATha vaMcAvuM. apUrNa vartamAnakALa : huM pATha vaMcAvuM chuM. prathama ane dvitIya pUrNa vartamAnakALa : meM pATha vaMcAvyo che - vaMcAvelo che. icchAvAcaka vartamAnakALa : huM pATha vaMcAvanAra chuM - vaMcAvavAno chuM. mAre pATha vaMcAvavo che. niyamita zuddha bhUtakALa : huM pATha vaMcAvato. prathama ane dvitIya zuddha bhUtakALa : meM pATha vaMcAvyo - vaMcAvelo. apUrNa bhUtakALa : huM pATha vaMcAvato hato. prathama ane dvitIya pUrNa bhUtakALa ; meM pATha vaMcAvyo hato - vaMcAvelo hato. icchAvAcaka bhUtakALa : huM pATha vaMcAvanAra hato - vaMcAvavAno hato. mAre pATha vaMcAvavo hato. zuddha bhaviSyakALa : huM pATha vaMcAvIza. apUrNa bhaviSyakALa : huM pATha vaMcAvato hoIza. prathama ane dvitIya pUrNa bhaviSyakALa : meM pATha vaMcAvyo haze - vaMcAvelo haze: icchAvAcaka bhaviSyakALa : huM pATha vaMcAvanAra hoIza - vaMcAvavAno hoIza. mAre pATha vaMcAvavo haze. kriyApadanA artho : kriyApadanA rUpamAMthI kriyAno nirdeza thato hoya athavA kriyA karavAnI AjJA ke pharaja ke saMbhAvanA pragaTa thatI hoya che, Ane kriyApadanA 'ardha' kahe che. kriyApadanA artha cha che : 1. nizcayArtha ke nirdezArtha H kriyApada jyAre kriyA vartamAnakALamAM thatI hovAno, bhUtakALamAM thaI hovAno ke bhaviSyakALamAM thavAnI hovAno nirdeza kare tyAre te kriyApadano artha nizcayArtha ke nirdezArtha che ema kahevAya. A artha traNe kALamAM hoya che. dA.ta. te khAya che. teNe khAdhuM. te khAze. 2. AjJArtha : je kriyApadanA rUpamAMthI AjJA, hukama, pharamAna,

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 101 icchavuM, zApa, dhamakI, prArthanA ke AzIrvAdano artha nIkaLe te AjJArthanAM che ema kahevAya. dA.ta. * * (a) jatA raho (AjJA) (ba) ghaNuM jIvaje (AzIrvAda). (ka) prabhu tamane sahAya kare. (prArthanA) 3. vidhyartha : je kriyApada pharaja ke kartavyano artha batAve te vidhyartha che ema kahevAya. dA.ta. vidyArthIe roja svAzraya karavo. vaDIlonI AjJA pALavI. 4. saMzayArtha ke saMbhavanArtha : je kriyApada saMbhAvanA ke zaMkAno artha batAve te kriyApada saMzayArtha ke saMbhavanArtha che ema kahevAya. dA.ta. huM kadAca tamane maLuM. dilIpa Avyo hoya. 5. saMketArtha : je kriyApada saMketa batAve te saMketArtha hoya che. dA.ta. tame kaoNleje jazo to mane gamaze. tame bhaNazo to parIkSAmAM uttIrNa thazo. 6. kriyAtiprajyartha : kriyAnI atipatti - niSphaLatA - na thaI hoya evA artha je kriyApadamAMthI nIkaLe te kriyApada kriyAtipatyartha che ema kahevAya. dA.ta. jo tame tene bhaNAvyo hota to te videza jAta. e A kAma jarUra karata. nIcenAM vAkyomAM judA judA arthamAM vaparAyelAM kriyApado juo : (ka) A lekha gItAe lakhyo che. (nizcayArtha) . (kha) mitro, zAMti jALavo. (AjJArtha) * (ga) saue gurunI zikhAmaNa mAnavI. (vidhyartha) (gha) vahelA UThazo to kAma thaze. (saMketArtha) (ca) varasAda paDyo hota to muzkelI TaLI jAta. (kriyAtipatyartha) (cha) kadAca sAMje ame tamAre tyAM AvIe. (saMzayArtha) dareka vAkyomAMno kALa tame jANo cho. badhA ja zuddha ane mizra kALomAM nizcayArtha ane saMketArtha rahyA hoya che. AjJArtha ane vidhyartha mAtra zuddha vartamAnakALamAM ja hoya che. darekano ekeka namUno Apyo che te parathI tenAM bIjAM rUpo banAvo : .

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102 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (1) zuddha vartamAnakALa : nizcayArtha : huM pATha vAMcuM. AjJArtha : huM pATha vAMcuM. saMketArtha : (jo) huM pATha vAMcuM. vidhyartha : mAre pATha vAMcavo. (2) apUrNa vartamAnakALa : nizcayArtha : huM pATha vAMcuM chuM. saMketArtha : (jo) huM pATha vAMcato houM. . (3-4) prathama ane dvitIya pUrNa vartamAnakALa : " nizcayArtha : meM pATha vAMcyo che - vAMcelo che. saMketArtha : (jo) meM pATha vAMcelI hoya - vAMcyo hoya. . (5) icchAvAcaka vartamAnakALaH nizcayArthI huM pATha vAMcavAno chuM - vAMcanAra chuM. mAre pATha vAMcavo saMketArtha : (e) huM pATha vAMcavAno houM-vAMcanAra (houM). | (jo) mAre pATha vAMcavo hoya. (6-7) prathama ane dvitIya zuddha bhUtakALa : nizcayArtha : meM pATha vAMcyo - vAMcelo. saMketArtha : (jo) meM pATha vAMcyo hota (hata) - vAMcelo hota (hata). (jo) pATha vAMcata. (8) zuddha bhUtakALa : nizcayArtha : huM pATha vAMcato. saMketArtha : (jo) huM pATha vAMcato (hata). (9) apUrNa bhUtakALa : | nizcayartha huM pATha vAMcato hato. saMketArtha : (jo) huM pATha vAMcato hota (hata). * (11) prathama ane dvitIya pUrNa bhUtakALa : 'nizcayArtha : meM pATha vAMcyo hato - vAMcelo hato. saMketArtha (jo) meM pATha vAMcyo hota (hata) - vAMcelo hota (hata).

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103 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (12) icchAvAcaka bhUtakALa : nizcayArtha : huM pATha vAMcanAra hato - vAMcavAno hato. mAre pATha vAMcavo hato. saMketArtha : -(jo) huM pATha vAMcanAra hota (hata) - vAMcavAno hota (hata). (jo) mAre pATha vAMcavo hota. (13) zuddha bhaviSyakALa : nizcayArtha : huM pATha vAMcIza. saMketArtha : (jo) huM pATha vAMcIza. (14) apUrNa bhaviSyakALa : nizcayArtha : huM pATha vAMcato hoIza. saMketArtha : (jo) huM pATha vAMcato hoIza. (15-16) prathama ane dvitIya pUrNa bhaviSyakALa : nizcayArtha : meM pATha vAMcyo haze - vAMcela haze. saMketArtha : (jo) meM pATha vAMcyuM haze - vAMcelo haze. (17) icchAvAcaka bhaviSyakALa : * nizcayArtha : huM pATha vAMcanAra - vAMcavAno hoIza. mAre pATha vAMcavI haze. saMketArtha : (jo) huM pATha vAMcanAra - vAMcavAno hoIza. | (jo) mAre pATha vAMcavo haze. * bhUtakALanAM badhAM rUpo saMketArthamAM mizra banI jAya che ane kriyAtipatyartha batAve che. mizra vartamAnakALanA saMketArthanAM rUpone mizra bhaviSyakALanAM te ja rUpo sAthe sarakhAvI jovAthI jaNAze ke baMneno artha eka ja thAya che. kriyApadanA prayoga : | kriyApada ane vAkyanI evI racanA thaI zake che. jemAM kartAnI, karmanI ke kriyAbhAvanI pradhAnatA hoya. Ane prayoga kahe che. kriyApadanA traNa prayoga che. 1. kartari prayoga : kriyApadano upayoga kartAne anulakSIne karavAmAM

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104 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa Ave tyAre kartari prayoga thAya che. ahIM kartAnA puruSa, liMga ane vacanamAM jema je pheraphAra thAya tema tema kriyApadanA rUpamAM paNa pheraphAra thAya che. ahIM kartA nAmArthe pahelI vibhaktimAM hoya che. dA.ta. ka. huM bhaNuM chuM. te bhaNe che, (karmAnA puruSa pramANe pheraphAra) kha. nIrava jamato hato. hinA jamatI hatI. (kartAnA liMga pramANe pheraphAra) . ga. pulina ane neha paradeza javAnA che. kAnana ane stuti paradeza javAnAM che. (kartAnA vacana pramANe pheraphAra), 2. karmaNi prayoga : kriyApadano upayoga karmane anulakSIne karavAmAM Ave tyAre karmaNi prayoga thAya che. ahIM karmanAM liMga ane vacana pramANe kriyApadamAM pheraphAra thAya che. A prayoga trIjI, cothI ane pAMcamI vibhaktimAM hoya che. dA.ta. (ka) mArAthI pustaka vaMcAya che. (kartA pAMcamI vibhaktimAM che ane karma 'pustaka pramANe kriyApada trIjo puruSa ekavacanamAM che.) (kha) hinA vaDe pustaka apAyuM nahi. (kartA trIjI vibhaktimAM che ane kriyApada karma 'pustaka pramANe napuMsakaliMga ekavacanamAM che.) (ga) aruNAthI kAvyo vaMcAyAM. (kartA pAMcamI vibhaktimAM che ane kriyApada karma kAvyo pramANe napuMsakaliMga bahuvacanamAM che.) 3. bhAve prayoga H kriyApadano upayoga kartari ane karmaNi prayogamAM na thayo hoya tyAre bhAve prayoga thAya che. kartAnI vibhakti karmaNi, prayoga pramANe hoya che. ahIM akarmaka kriyApada vaparAya che ane kriyA bhAvanI pradhAnatA hoya che. dA.ta. (ka) zaila vaDe bolAya che. (kha) hiralathI lakhAyuM. (ga) kavitAthI avAya che.

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16. (dhAtunA) kriyApadanA prayogo mULa bheda : ApaNe je kriyApado (dhAtu) vAparIe chIe te eka ja mULa kriyApadanAM judAM judAM rUpo hoya che. dA.ta. Avyo, Avaze, AvIza, avAze vagere kriyApado 'Ava' e mULa rUpa uparathI banelAM che. kriyApadanA AvA mULa rUpane dhAtu kahe che. AjJArtha bIjo puruSa ekavacananuM rUpa dhAtu gaNAya che. dA.ta. (tuM) khA,pI, rama vagere. hato, hoIza, daze e kriyApadono dhAtu 'ho' gaNAya che. chuM, che, cho, chIe e kriyApadono dhAtu 'cha' gaNAya che. keTalAMka kriyApadomAM amuka kriyA karavAno artha rahelo che. AvAM kriyApadonA dhAtune mUla dhAtu kahe che. dA.ta. pI, bola, khA, zIkha, sU, kara, kahe, nAsa vagere. preraka bheda : keTalAMka kriyApadomAMthI amuka kAma karAvavAno eTale ke kriyA karavAnI preraNA ApavAno artha nIkaLe che. AvAM kriyApadonA dhAtune preraka dhAtu mULa bheda kahe che. preraka bheda 1. tuM kerI khAya che. 1. tuM mane kerI khavaDAve che. 2. dhvani UMghe che. * 2. dhvani bebIne UMghADe che. 3. vidyArthI vyAkaraNa zIkhe che. 3. zikSaka vidyArthIne vyAkaraNa zikhavADe che. mULa bhedamAMthI dhAtu judI judI prakriyA dvArA preraka bhedamAM pheravAya che. bALaka jAge che. (mULa bheda) mAtA bALakane jagADe che. (preraka bheda) ahIM mULa bhedano dhAtu 'jAga' che. 'ADa' pratyaya lAgatAM 'jagADa' e kriyApadanuM preraka bane che. have, preraka dhAtu kevI rIte bane che te samajIe : (a) mULa dhAtune ava, Ava, Ara, ADa, eDa, vADa vagere pratyayo lAgIne preraka bheda bane che. dA.ta. zIkha-zIkhava, phara-pherava, 105

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106 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa bhaNa-bhaNAva, nAca-nacAva, lakha-lakhAva. vadha-vadhAra, jAga-jagADa, dekhadekhADa, sU-suvADa, khasa-khaseDa vagere. (ba) pUrvanA svaramAM pheraphAra thaIne preraka bane che. dA.ta. paDa-pADa, mara-mAra, chUTa-choDa, sudhara-sudhAra, tUTa-toDa, bUDa-boLa, khUla-khola vagere. (ka) aMtya ke upAMtya svaramAM pheraphAra thaIne preraka bane che. dA.ta. pI-pA, UkhaDa-UkheDa, Uchara-uchera vagere. keTalAka dhAtumAM kriyA karavAnI preraNA ApavAno ja artha rahelo che, paNa preraka dhAtu karatAM pratyaya tarIke vadhAre akSara lAgelA che. AvA dhAtuone puna:preraka ke punaHsAdhita dhAtu kahe che. ' mULa dhAtu preraka dhAtu puna:preraka ke punaH sAdhita dhAtu paDa pADa paDAva tara tAra * tarAva maramAra marAva baLAva pI pA pivaDAva sU ' suvADa suvaDAva khA khavADa. khavaDAva bola bolAve bolAvarAva zIkha zIkhava zikhavADa kahe kahAva kahevarAva Uchara uchera ucherAva kartari prayoga : nIcenA vAkyo vAMco : 1. gAya doDI. 2. baLada doDyo. 3. bakaruM doDyuM. uparanAM vALeyamAM, 'doDI', 'doDyo', 'doDyuM kriyApada che. uparanA pahelA vAkyamAM kartA 'gAya nArIjAti ekavacanamAM che. have te ja vAkyamAM kriyApada "doDI nArIjAti ekavacanamAM che. kriyApada (doDI) kartA(gAya)nAM jAti ane vacana pramANe cAle che. Ama, uparanAM vAkyonAM badhAM kriyApado kartAnI jAti ane vacana pramANe badalAya che. bALa *

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 107 nIcenAM vAkyo juo : 1. zilpA Do khAtI hatI.. 2. jJAneza roTalI khAto hato. 3. chokasao vArtAo kahetAM hatAM. uparanAM vAkyomAM kriyApada potAnA kartAnI jAti ane vacana pramANe badalAya che. ahIM kriyApadano prayoga (upayoga) kartA sAthe saMbaMdha karAve che. A badhAM kriyApado kartari prayogamAM hoya che. jyAre kriyApada kartAnAM jAti, vacana ane puruSa pramANe potAnuM rUpa banAve tyAre kriyApada kartari prayogamAM che tema kahevAya. nIcenA vAkyo kartari prayogamAM che. kartA ane kriyApadanAM rUpo vacceno saMbaMdha juo : (1) kUtaro zerImAM bhasato hato. (2) huM pustaka vAMcato hato. (3) ghaDiyALamAM TakorA paDyA. (4) ame roTalI khAIe chIe. (5) huM roTalI khAuM chuM. (6) kUtarAM gAyane bhasatAM hatAM. (7) rUpA keLAM khAtI hatI. (8) UMTa lImaDo khAtuM hatuM. kartari prayogamAM kriyApada kartAne tAbe thAya che. kartAnAM je jAti, vacana ane puruSa hoya ja kriyApadanA tari prayogamAM hoya che. kamaNi prayoga : nIcenAM vAkyo juo : (1) rUpAe roTalo khAdho. (4) mAmIe roTalA banAvyA. (2) puline roTalI khAdhI. (5) kRtArthe citro doryA. (3) ame phUla sUdhyuM. (6) ame vArtA kahI. pahelA vAkyamAM "khAdho kriyApada 'roTalo karmanAM jAti, vacana ane puruSa pramANe cAle che. dareka vAkyanA kriyApadanAM rUpa karma pramANe bane che. bIjA vAkyamAM karma (roTalI) pramANe kriyApada(khAdhI)nuM rUpa banyuM che, kartA (pulina) pramANe nahi. - Ama, uparanAM badhAM vAkyonAM kriyApadanAM rUpo karma pramANe thayAM che. ahIM kriyApadano prayoga (upayoga) karma sAthe saMbaMdha rAkhe che. AthI uparanAM badhAM kriyApada karmaNi prayogamAM che. jyAre kriyApada karmanAM jAti, vacana ane puruSa pramANe potAnuM rUpa banAve tyAre kriyApada karmaNi prayogamAM che tema kahevAya.

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108 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa karmaNi prayoga mATe nIcenuM tAraNa dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM. (1) kartari dhAtune A (-Aya) pratyaya lAgatAM dhAtunuM karmaNi bane che. dA.ta. lakhalakhA, Apa-apA, dekha-dekhA vagere. jo ekAkSarI dhAtu hoya to temAM karmaNino vA (-vAya) pratyaya lAge che. dA.ta. khAkhAvA, pI-pIvA, jo-jovA vagere. (2) sakarmaka kriyApadanuM ja karmaNimAM rUpAMtara thAya che, kAraNa ke karmaNi prayogamAM karma jarUrI che. (3) karmaNi racanAmAM kartarino kartA "thI pratyaya laI karaNa vibhaktino bane che. A kartA adhyAhAra paNa rahI zake che. dA.ta. (a) meM roTalo khAdho. (a) mArAthI roTalo khavAyo. (ba) meM vAghane joyo. (ba) mArAthI vAgha jovAyo. (ka) teNe navAM vastro paheryo. (ka) tenAthI navAM vastro paherAyAM. (Da) koIe ghaDiyALa coryuM. (Da) koInAthI ghaDiyALa corAyuM. karmaNi prayoganI A navI pracalita racanA che. bhAve prayoga : nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : (1) chokarAthI doDAyuM nahi. (4) prazAMtane ghera javuM che. (2) rAjendrathI calAtuM nathI. (5) chokarAthI vaMcAtuM nathI. (3) have bharatathI vaMcAya che. uparanAM vAkyomAM karma nathI. moTA akSaravALAM kriyApado akarmaka che. karma nathI mATe kriyApada karma pramANe kevI rIte cAle ? mATe uparanAM vAkyomAM karmaNi prayoga nathI. ahIM doDAyuM, calAtuM, vaMcAya che, javuM che, vaMcAtuM nathI - A kriyApado nAnyatara jAtimAM che. pahelA vAkyamAM "chokaro narajAti che, jyAre doDAyuM' nAnyatara jAtimAM che. have, kriyApadano prayoga kayo ? A mATe vAkyano artha spaSTa karIe : (1) chokarAthI doDavAnuM doDAyuM nathI. (2) rAjendrathI cAlavAnuM calAyuM nathI.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (3) have bharatathI vAMcavAnuM vaMcAyuM nahi. have artha spaSTa thAya che ke 'doDAyuM' kriyApadane 'doDavAnuM' nAma sAthe saMbaMdha che. doDavAnuM, cAkhavAnuM, vAMcavAnuM vagere kriyApadamAM rahelI kriyAnuM nAma che. kriyAnuM nAma eTale bhAva. doDavAnuM, cAlavanuM, vAMcavAnuM vagere nAma kriyAno bhAva batAve che. AgaLa ApelAM vAkyonAM kriyApado kriyAnA bhAvanAM jAti ane vacana le che. kriyApada ane kriyAno bhAva batAvanAra nAma badhAM nAnyatara jAtinAM che. ekavacanamAM che. e badhAM kriyApadono prayoga (upayoga) kriyAnA bhAvanA saMbaMdhe thayo che, e kriyApado bhAve prayogamAM che. kriyApadano bhAva haMmezAM nAnyatara jAti ekavacanamAM hoya che. tethI bhAve prayoganuM kriyApada nAnyatara jAti ekavacanamAM hoya che. jyAre kriyApada kriyAnA bhAvanAM jAti ane vacana pramANe potAnuM rUpa banAve che tyAre te kriyApada bhAve prayogamAM che tema kahevAya che. nIcenAM vAkyo bhAve prayogamAM che teno abhyAsa karo. (1) niravathI hasAyuM nahi, (2) tamArAthI kema bolAtuM nathI ? (3) dardIthI calAyuM nahi. (4) tamArAthI dUra khasAze ? (5) have mArAthI calAya che. kartA, karma ane kriyAnA bhAva A traNemAMthI kriyApada jenI sAthe saMbaMdha rAkhIne potAnuM rUpa te pramANe banAve tene kriyApadanA prayoga (upayoga) kahe. parivartana karo : 1. peTI ghaDAvuM puruSottama kerI. 2. hirajane heta rAkhavuM joIe. bagAIo zabda kare ghaNA. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 109 mosALuM laI AvyA tAta. choDI piyaranI eNe pAlakhI. DuMgara zAM jahAja meM kaMI kaMI DubAvyAM. citAro ajaba milAvaTa kare che. mAmo sonalane velyu ne mAphI Ape che. (karmaNi prayoga karo.) (karmaNi prayoga karo.) (karmaNi prayoga karo.) (karmaNi prayoga karo.) (karmaNi prayoga karo.) (karmaNi prayoga karo.) (karmaNi prayoga karo.) (karmaNi prayoga karo.)

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (karmaNi prayoga karo.) (kartari prayoga karo) (karmaNi prayoga karo) 110 9. sUraja raNanI retImAM ghara kare che. 10. sUraja vaDe aMdhArAmAM carAya che. 11. bA potAnAM badhAM saMtAnone vaLAve che. 12. kRSIvalonAM nAnAM nAnAM bALa ramata rame che. ( 13. mAtA vaDe chUrI vatI eka kAtaLI kapAya che. (kartari prayoga karo.) 14. vAMsaLIvALo vAMsaLI para madhura sUra cheDe che. (karmaNi prayoga karo) 15. biMdue kavarane phoDyuM. ) !! 16. puruSo strIone anyAya karI rahyA che. 17. meM to Aje julAba lIdho che. 18. jatAM jatAM e juvAnathI bIjo lADu paNa ( ( mukAI gayo. (kartari prayoga karo.) (karmaNi prayoga karo.) (karmaNi prayoga karo.) ( 19. munIme ApaNuM nAka kApyuM. 20. mahIjIe munImane Thapako Apyo. 21. sonalA bATIe vaMsUra gelavAne mArI nAkhyo. 22. hamIra ane nAgAjaNe rAvaLano veza lIdho. 23. sajjana sAMDhaNIne uttara dizAmAM hAMkato hato. ( ** 24. bhoLA zaMbhu mahera kare ja che. 25. samaju padamaDI-vahu jhapATAbhera rasto kApavA lAgI. 26. dIpaka potAnA makAnanI agAzI para rASTradhvaja caDAve che. (+ 27. akhADAmAM javAnA meM ghaNI vAra akhADA karyA che. 28. huM vyAyAmano virodha karato Avyo chuM. ( 29. lekhake magajanA dAvapecathI kasaratabAjane harAvyo. 30. huM cAlatAM cAlatAM carcA karuM chuM. 31. meM saMskRtane badale phArasI viSaya lIdho che. 32. zikSake mane dasa paisA daMDa karyo. uttaro : ( 1 ) mArA vaDe puruSottama kerI peTI ghaDAvAya (che.) ( 2 ) harijana vaDe heta rAkhavuM joIe. ( 3 ) bagAIo vaDe ghaNA zabda karAya che. ( ** ( ( 22 "" ( ( '' ( '' ~(" ** ::

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111 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (4) tAta vaDe mosALuM laI avAyuM. (5) enA vaDe piyaranI pAlakhI choDAI. ( 6 ) mArA vaDe DuMgarazAM jahAja kaMI kaMI DubAvAyAM che. (7) citArA vaDe ajaba milAvaTa karAya che. (8) mAmA vaDe sonalane velyu ne mAphI apAya che. (9) sUraja vaDe raNanI retImAM ghara karAya che. (10) sUraja aMdhArAmAM care che. (11) bA vaDe potAnAM badhAM saMtAnone vaLAvAya che. (12) kRSavalonAM nAnAM nAnAM bALa vaDe ramata ramAya che. (13) mAtA chUrI vatI eka kAtaLI kApe che. (14) vAMsaLIvALA vaDe vAMsaLI para madhura sUra cheDAya che. (15) biMdu vaDe kavarane phoDAyuM. (16) puruSo vaDe strIone anyAya karAI rahyo che. (17) mArA vaDe Aje julAba levAyo che. (18) jatAM jatAM e juvAna bIjo lADu paNa mUkI gayo. (19) munIma vaDe ApaNuM nAka kapAyuM.' (20) mahIjI vaDe munImane Thapako apAyo. (21) sonalA bATI vaDe vesUra gevalAne mArI naMkhAyo. (22) hamIra ane nAgAjaNa vaDe rAvaNano veza levAyo. (23) sajjana vaDe sAMDhaNI uttara dizAmAM haMkArAtI hatI. (24) bhoLA zaMbhu vaDe mahera ja karAya che. (25) samaju padamaDI-vahu vaDe jhapATAbhera rasto kapAya che. (26) dIpaka vaDe potAnA makAnanI agAzI para rASTradhvaja caDAvAya che. (27) akhADAmAM javAnA mArA vaDe ghaNI vAra akhADA karAyA che. (28) mArA vaDe vyAyAmano virodha karAto Avyo che. (29) lekhaka vaDe magajanA dAvapecathI kasaratabAjane harAvAyo. (30) mArAthI cAlatAM cAlatAM carcA karAya che. (31) mArA vaDe saMskRtane badale phArasI viSaya levAyo. (32) zikSaka vaDe mane dasa paisA daMDa karAyo.

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17. dhAtu-kriyApada : prakAra A duniyAmAM dareka vyakti kaMI ne kaMI kriyA kare che. jemake (1) huM pustaka vAMcuM chuM. (2) chokaro doDe che. (3) chokarI nAce che. (4) kheDUta haLa laIne khetare jAya che. (5) gAya care che. (6) kokila kUMje che. (7) phUla khIle che. (8) gItA UMghe che. (9) bALako prArthanA bole che. (10) zikSaka vyAkaraNa zIkhave che. uparanAM badhAM vAkyomAM kALA moTA zabdo kaMI ne kaMI kriyA thatI hoya tenuM sUcana kare che. 'gItA UMghe che.'mAM paNa UMghavAnI kriyA thAya che. kriyA batAvanAra padane kriyApada kahe che. vAkyamAM kriyApada khUba ja agatyanuM pada che. enA vinA pUruM vAkya bane nahi athavA vAkyano pUrepUro artha samajAya nahi. TUMkamAM, je pada dvArA kriyAno nirdeza thato hoya te kriyApada. prakAra : : kriyApadanA be prakAra che : sakarmaka ane akarmaka. (a) sakarmaka kriyApada : nIcenAM vAkyo juo : (1) mIrA lADu khAya che. (2) huM pATha vAMcuM chuM. (3) sUraja prakAza Ape che. kahevAya. uparanAM vAkyomAM badhAM kriyApadomAM lADu, pATha, prakAza, nibaMdha, phaLa e badhAM karma che. je kriyApadane karma hoya te kriyApada sakarmaka (sa+karma=karyu sAthenAM) kriyApada (ba) akarmaka kriyApada : nIcenAM vAkyo juo : (1) megha gAje che. (2) mora nAce che. (3) pavana vAya che. 112 (4) ame nibaMdha lakhIzuM. (5) bA phaLa lAve che. (4) phUla khIlyuM che. (5) bALaka hase che.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 113 uparanAM vAkyomAM kriyApadane karma nathI. (kriyAno karanAra ane emAM phaLa bhogavanAra kartA ja che.) A kriyApada akarmaka kriyApada che. je kriyApadane karma hotuM nathI te kriyApada akarmaka (akarmakarma vinAnuM) kriyApada kahevAya che. A uparAMta, nIcenAM vAkyo paNa juo: (1) zikSake pulinane inAma ApyuM. (2) bAe zailane bora ApyAM. uparanA dareka vAkyamAM be karma che. kriyApada jyAre be karma le che tyAre te dvikarmaka (ddhi+karmaka=be karma karmavALuM) kriyApada kahevAya che. kRdaMta : nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : (1) jhAjhuM doDye vahelAM thakAya. (2) huM mArAM mahattvanAM kAma choDI ahIM Avyo chuM. (3) keTalAka loko bIjA mATe kaMI paNa karavA taiyAra nathI hotA. AmAMnA moTA akSarovALA zabdo vaDe kriyAno artha samajAya che, paNa vAkyano artha pUro thato nathI. "doDyuM, "choDI ane 'karavA e zabdo vaDe vAkyano artha pUro thato nathI tema ja tenAthI kALa vize ke kartA vize kazuM jANavA maLatuM nathI. eTale e kriyApada nathI. AnA jevAM, adhUrI kriyA darzAvanAra padone kadaMta kahevAmAM Ave che. kriyApada pUrepUrI kriyA darzAve che. kRdaMta adhUrI kriyA darzAve che. kALa : - kriyApadonA mukhya kALa traNa che : bhUta, vartamAna ane bhaviSya. ane ekeeka kriyA A traNamAMnA koI paNa eka kALamAM banatI hoya che e kharuM, paNa keTalIka vAra ekanA eka kALanuM rUpa judA judA arthamAM vAparavAmAM Ave che. ' (a) vartamAnakALa : nIcenA vAkyo juo : (1) aruNA citra cItare che. (vartamAnakALa) (2) huM roja savAre pharavA jAuM chuM. (haMmeza thatI kriyA)

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114 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (3) eka hato cakalo, eka hatI cakalI. cakalI kahe, huM dALano dANo lAvuM. cakalo kahe, huM cokhAno dANo lAvuM, (aitihAsika vartamAnakALa) (4) mIrAMbAI kahe che, "AvatAM ne jAtAM mAraga vacce amUlakha vastu jaDI." (avataraNa'). (5) hajI hamaNAM ja tame vacana Apo cho ne hamaNAM) ja pharI beThA? (nikaTano bhUtakALa) (6) (a) AvatI kAle savAramAM ja huM tamAre tyAM AvuM chuM. (nikaTane bhaviSyakALa) * (A) tame cAlatA thAo, huM AvuM chuM. (nikaTano bhaviSyakALa) (7) UbhA raho, A vAta huM bApujIne kahI dauM chuM. (nisaMzaya bhaviSya) (8) cAlo, huM tamane eka nATaka batAvuM. (udeza) kriyA dararoja ke amuka vakhate thatI hoya athavA Aje ke atyAre thatI hoya evuM batAvanAra kriyApada vartamAnakALanuM che ema kahevAya. e rIte jotAM vartamAnaMkALa dararojanI amuka samayanI ke AjanI ke atyAranI athavA vartamAnamAM thatI kriyAnuM sUcana kare che. (ba) bhUtakALa : nIcenA vAkyo juo : (1) A varSe TADha khUba paDI. (bhUtakALa) (2) ATaluM vAMcI lIdhuM ke A UThyo. (bhaviSya) (3) tame AgaLa jAo; huM A Avyo. (nikaTano bhaviSya) (4) jo, A rohiNI AvI. (vartamAna) (5) AmAM kaMI zaMkA nathI, samajyo ? (prazna) uparanAM vAkyomAMnAM gAThA akSaromAMnAM kriyApado - paDI. UThyo. Avyo. AvI, samajyo - kriyA pUrI thaI gayelI ke banI cUkelI hoya tenuM sUcana kare che. A kriyAo thaI gaI che. vartamAnamAM ke hAlamAM thatI nathI.) kriyA thaI gayelI che enA arthanuM sUcana karanAra kriyApada bhUtakALanuM (bhUta baneluM, thayeluM) che. eno kALa bhUtakALa che.

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115 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (ka) bhaviSyakALa : nIcenA vAkyo juo : * * (1) moTAbhAI kAle Avaze. (bhaviSya) (2) tame Avazo to cAlaze. (saMketo uparanAM vAkyomAMnAM kriyApado - Avaze. Avazo - kriyA have pachI banavAnI che tenuM sUcana kare che ke kriyA bhaviSyamAM thavAnI che evuM sUcave che. je kriyApada have pachI thavAnI kriyAnuM ke have pachI AvavAnA kALanuM sUcana kare che te kriyApada bhaviSyanuM che. teno kALa te bhaviSyakALa che. zuddha ane mizra kALa : A traNe kALonAM zuddha ane mizra evAM rUpo hoya che. kriyApadanA dhAtu parathI ja neluM rUpa te zuddha doDyo, daDaze. doData vagere ekalA doDa dhAtu parathI banyAM che. mATe e zuddha kALanAM rUpa kahevAya. vartamAnakALamAM che ane bhUta bhaviSyamAM hoM dhAtunI sahAyathI banAvavAmAM AvelAM rUpo te mizra : doDe che. daDyo hato. doDyo haze vagere rUpomAM 'doDa dhAtunAM kRdaMtonI sAthe che athavA to dhAtunAM kriyApadono upayoga karavAmAM Avyo che. eTale e mizra kALanAM rUpa kahevAya. . * mizra kALamAM mULa dhAtunuM mAtra kRdaMta ja vAparavAmAM AvatuM hoya che. dA.ta. 'huM doDato hato. ahIM 'doDato e kRdaMta dvArA sUcavAtI kriyAno artha hato e kriyApadanI sahAyathI spaSTa thAya che. A rIte mULa dhAtunuM kRdaMta ane ho dhAtu parathI taiyAra thayeluM rUpa hato, e baMnenuM mizraNa thayeluM hovAthI doDato hato e mizra kALanuM rUpa gaNAya che. zuddha kALa : kriyApadanA dhAtu parathI ja baneluM rUpa te zuddha kALanuM rUpa che e ApaNe jANIe chIe. te pramANe kALanAM rUpo joIe to zuddha vartamAna : huM pustaka vAMcuM. prathama zuddha bhUtakALa : meM pustaka vAMcyuM.

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116 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa dvitIya zuddha bhUtakALaH meM pustaka vAMceluM. tRtIya zuddha bhUtakALa : huM haMmezAM pustaka vAMcato. zuddha bhaviSya : huM pustaka vAMcIza. A vartamAna, bhUta ane bhaviSyakALanAM badhAM rUpo ekalA kriyApadanA dhAtu parathI ja banelAM hovAthI e zuddha kALanAM rUpo kahevAya che. mizra kALa : jemAM mukhya dhAtunA kRdaMtanI sAthe che athavA to dhAtunA koI rUpanuM mizraNa karavAmAM Ave che te mizra kALanuM rUpa kahevAya che te ApaNe jANIe chIe. e mizra rUpo paNa traNe kALanAM hoya che. mizra vartamAnakALa : (a) apUrNa vartamAna : "huM pustaka vAMcuM chuM. ahIM vAMcavAnI kriyA hajI pUrI nathI thaI, mATe apUrNa vartamAnakALa. (ba) prathama pUrNa vartamAna : "meM pustaka vAMcyuM che. ahIM bolatAM pahelAM thoDI vAre kriyA pUrI thaI gaI che. (ka) dvitIya pUrNa vartamAna : meM pustaka vAMceluM che. ahIM vAMceluM dUranA samaye sUcave che mATe dvitIya pUrNa. (Da) icchAvAcaka vartamAna : 1. huM pustaka vAMcanAra chuM. 2. pustaka vAMcavAno chuM. 3. mAre pustaka vAMcavuM che. A traNe vAkyomAM kriyA bhaviSyamAM thavAnI che, paNa tene vartamAnakALamAM kahevAmAM AvI che. Ama ahIM vartamAnakALa ane bhaviSyakALanuM mizraNa thayeluM che. mizra bhUtakALa : (a) apUrNa bhUtakALa : huM pustaka vAMcato hato. vAMcavAnI kriyA cAlu hatI. (ba) prathama pUrNa bhUtakALa : "meM pustaka vAMcyuM hatuM." (ka) dvitIya pUrNa bhUtakALa : "meM pustaka vAMceluM hatuM." (Da) icchAvAcaka bhUtakALaH 1. huM pustaka vAMcanAra hato. 2. huM pustaka vAMcavAno hato. 3. mAre pustaka vAMcavuM hatuM.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 117 A traNe vAkyomAM je kriyA bhaviSyamAM thavAnI hatI te bhUtakALa vaDe kahevAmAM AvI che. Ama, ahIM bhaviSyakALa ane bhUtakALanuM mizraNa thayeluM che. mizra bhaviSyakALa : (a) apUrNa bhaviSya : huM pustaka vAMcato hoIza. vAMcavAnI kriyA pUrI nahi thaI gaI hoya; cAlu haze. (ba) prathama pUrNa bhaviSya : meM pustaka vAMcyuM haze. vAMcavAnI kriyA pUrI thaI gaI haze. (ka) dvitIya pUrNa bhaviSya : meM pustaka vAMceluM haze. (Da) icchAvAcaka bhaviSya H 1. huM pustaka vAMcanAra hoIza. 2. huM pustaka vAMcavAno hoIza. 3. mAre pustaka vAMcavuM haze.

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18. nipAta, saMyojako, anugo ane nAmayogIo, mULabheda ane prerakabheda nipAta : - nipAta eTale avyaya. je padamAM koI vyaya ke pheraphAra na thAya tene nipAta ke avyaya kahe che. judA judA arthamAM e paDe che. (ni + ta = paDavuM), tethI te nipAta kahevAya che. upasargono samAveza nipAtamAM thAya che, to paNa temano khAsa prayoga che. te haMmezAM kriyApada sAthe joDAyelAM che. kriyApadanI pAse pUrve AvI upasargo tenA arthamAM pheraphAra kare che. keTalAka nipAto A pramANe che : ane, je, to, ja, yA, ke, vA. have, tathA, paNa, paraMtu vagere. nipAta pAdapUraka tarIke paNa vaparAya che. - upasargo : pra, parA, apa, sam, anu, ava, nis, ni, dulsa, duru, vi. A ni, adhi, api, ati, su, u, abhi, prati, pari, upa. saMyojako : be padasamUho ke vAkyone joDanArane saMyojaka athavA ubhayAnvayI kahe che. "mATe" jevAM keTalAMka nAmayogIo ane tethI jevAM sArvanAmika pado paNa saMyojaka tarIke vaparAya che. saMyojakanA vividha prakAro nIce pramANe che : (ka) samuccayavAcaka : pado ke vAkyono saravALo darzAvanArane samuccayavAcaka saMyojaka kahe che. dA.ta. neha ane zaila zALAe gayA. ahIM eka moTo meLo bharAto tathA temAM aneka loko bhAga letA. (kha) virodhavAcaka : be pado ke vAkyonA arthane virodhamAM mUke te virodhavAcaka saMyojaka kahevAya che. dA.ta. gopAla garIba che, parNa ImAnadAra che. (ga) vikalpavAcaka : be pado ke vAkyonA arthane vikalpamAM mUke tene vikalpavAcaka saMyojaka kahe che. dA.ta. tame cA lezo ke kaoNphI ? (gha) pariNAmavAcaka : pAchaLanA vAkyamAM pariNAma darzAve tene pariNAmavAcaka saMyojaka kahe che. dA.ta. mIteSa bImAra hato, tethI 118

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 119 zALAmAM gerahAjara hato. Anala sAcuM bolI, tethI tene ochI sajA thaI. (ca) kAraNavAcaka : pAchaLanA vAkyamAM kAraNa darzAve tene kAraNavAcaka saMyojaka kahe che. dA.ta. devAMga ghare Avyo, kAraNa ke tene tAva hato. | (cha) paryAyavAcaka : pada ke vAkyano paryAya eTale ke bIjo artha darzAve tenA paryAyavAcaka saMyojaka kahe che. dA.ta. mahAvIra svAmIe ahiMsAna. arthAt hiMsA na karavI e bAbatane upadeza Apyo hato. anugo ane nAmayogIo : vAkyanAM padomAM saMjJAno saMbaMdha kriyApada ke bIjI saMjJA sAthe hoya che. vAkyanAM pado vacce kartA, karma, karaNa, saMpradAna, apAdAna, saMbaMdha. adhikaraNa vagere prakAranA saMbaMdho hoya che. A saMbaMdhone vibhaktio kahe che ane saMjJA, sarvanAma vagerene lagatA e, ne vagere pratyayone vibhaktinA pratyayo ke anugo kahe che. anugo H e, ne, thI, mAM ane nU ('nUnAM no, nI, nuM, nAM vagere rUpo thAya che.) kazo pratyaya ke anuga saMjJA, sarvanAma vagerene na lAgyo hoya tyAre paNa koIka vibhakti darzAvatI hoya che. dA.ta. pitAe nItinane inAma ApyuM. ahIM inAma kazA pratyaya ke anuga vinAnuM pada che. chatAM e karmaNi vibhaktimAM che ema samajAya che. nAmayogIo : anugo jema vibhakti darzAve che tema nAmayogIo paNa vibhaktino artha darzAve che. dA.ta. "vAMdarI chApare beTho che. ema kahevAne badale "vAMdaro chAparA upara beTho che. ema paNa kahI zakAya. baMnemAM "chAparuM besavAnI kriyAnuM sthAna che. paNa pahelA vAkyamAM kriyAsthAna batAvavA "e" anuga vaparAyo che, jyAre bIjA vAkyamAM 'utara" e nAmayogI vaparAyuM che. anugo ane nAmayogIo baMne padanI pAchaLa Ave che ane vibhakti batAve che. AthI A baMne vacce goTALo thavAno saMbhava che. paraMtu anugo pada sAthe joDAIne Ave che, jyAre nAmayogIo chUTAM rahe che. anugonI saMkhyA nizcita che : e. ne, thI, mAM ane na.

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120 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa nAmayogIo A sivAyanAM che : jema ke - vaDe, vatI, thakI, dvArA, mAraphata, sahita, sAthe, sivAya, vinA, lIdhe, kAraNe, peThe, mAphaka, mATe, kAje, sAru, khAtara, karatAM, taNuM, keruM, pAse tarapha, sAmuM, aMdara, bahAra, upara, nIce. AgaLa, sudhI vize vagere. mULabheda ane prerakabheda : nIcenAM vAkyomAM padonuM kArya tapAso. kAnana dUdha pIe che. mAtA kAnanane dUdha pAya che. hemendra rame che.. pitA hemendrane ramADe che. dilIpa bhaNe che. zikSaka dilIpane bhaNAve che. ahIM pIe che" kriyApadano kartA 'kAnana' che. emAM kartA potAnI kriyA pote sIdhesIdhI kare che. hemendra jAte rame che, dilIpa jAte bhaNe che. ahIM dareka kartA pote ja kriyAnuM kartRtva saMbhALe che. paraMtu pAya che e kriyArUpamAM mULano kartA bIjAnI preraNAthI kriyA kare che. emAM "mAtA" kriyA karanAra nathI, paNa kriyA karavA mATe preranAra kartA che ane kAnanI kriyA karavA mATe prerita thanAra karma banI jAya che. je kriyApadamAM A rIte kriyA jAte karavAno nahi paNa kriyA karavA mATe bIjAne preravAno bhAva raheto hoya te prerakabhedamAM che ema kahevAya. 'thAya che'nI jema ramADe che' ane 'bhaNAve che paNa prerakabhedamAM mULa dAtune (kriyApadanA mULarUpane) "Ava, 'A'' ke 'DAva pratyaya lagADavAthI preraka ke sAdhita dhAtu bane che. dA.ta. lakhalakhAva. vAMca-vaMcAva, bola-bolAva, rama-ramADa, khA-khavADa ke khavaDAva, pIpivaDAva vagere.

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19. vyutpatti nIcenA zabdo tapAso : (ka) gRha, varSa, dugdha, manuSya, dIpa, utsava. (tatsama) (kha) ghara, varasa, dUdha, mANasa, dIvo, occhava. (tadubhava) (ga) jhADa. khaDakI, TIpuM, kaDachI, DuMgara, bokaDo. (dezya) (gha) akkala, dolata, kAyado, davA, phateha, keda. (arabI) (ca) kAgaLa, rUmAla, jakhama, nokara, cAkara, pedAza. (phArasI) (cha) TikiTa, Tebala, bUTa, naMbara, relave, kaoNleja. kaMpanI. (agrejI) A rIte gujarAtI bhASAmAM tatsama, tadbhava, deya. arabI, phArasI. aMgrejI vagere bhASAomAMthI zabdo AvelA che. (ka) je saMskRta zabdo kazA pheraphAra vagara gujarAtImAM AvelA che. te zabdo tatsama zabdo kahevAya che. (kha) saMskRtamAMthI udbhavIne pheraphAra sAthe gujarAtImAM AvelA che te tadbhava zabdo che. AvA zabdonI saMkhyA sauthI vadhu che. (ga) je zabdo dezanI mULa prajAnI bhASAmAMthI uddabhavyA che te zabdo dezya zabdo che. temanI saMkhyA thoDI che. (gha-ca) A uparAMta gujarAtI bhASAmAM videzI musalamAnI rAjyakALa daramiyAna arabI-phArasI zabdo paNa dAkhala thayA. (ca) aMgrejI zAsana daramiyAna aMgrejI bhASAno pracAra ane prasAra vadhato ja gayo ane aMgrejI bhASAnA keTalAya zabdo gujarAtI bhASAmAM dAkhala thayA. amuka zabdanuM mULa zuM ? te kevI rIte banyo ? saMskRtamAMthI gujarAtI banatAM temAM kevo pheraphAra thayo ? A viSaya vyutpattino che. zabdanI vizeSa karIne utpatti batAve te vyutpatti. vyutpattithI zabdano cokkasa artha nakkI karI zakAya che. saMskRta zabdo vagara mahenate yAda rAkhI zakAya che. AthI saMskRtano abhyAsa saraLa thaI paDe che. je zabdo upalaka dRSTie arthahIna lAgatA hoya tenI vyutpatti tapAsatAM temAMthI ghaNuM rahasya jANavA maLe che. ghaNA zabdo dezanI saMskRti ane rItarivAja , 121

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122 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa upara prakAza pADe che. A rIte vyutpattino abhyAsa ghaNo ja rasadAyaka che. mahAvarA mATe keTalAMka udAharaNo tapAso. 1. pitA (saM.pA.=rakSA karavI)-kuTuMbanuM rakSaNa karanAra. 2. pati (saM.pA.)-srInI rakSA karanAra. 3. duhitA (saM.du-dohavuM)-putrI. gAya dohavAnuM kAma putrI karatI. 4. bhAryA (saM.bhU.=bharaNapoSaNa karavuM)-pati jenuM bharaNapoSaNa kare che te. pa. saMtAna (saM.sam=sArI peThe + tan=kheMcavuM)je vaMzano velo vadhAre che te. 6. govALa (saM.go+pAla)-gAyane pALe te. 7. luhAra (saM.loha-loDhuM+kAra-karanAra)-loDhAnuM kAma karanAra. 8. dvija (dvi=be+ja=janmanA)--jene be janma che te. 9. bajaraMga (saM.vaja+aMga)-vajra jevuM majabUta jenuM zarIra che te. 10. hanumAna (saM.hanu=haDapacI+mAna) jenI haDapacI moTI che te. 11. zaMkara (saM.zam=sukha+kara)-sukha-kalyANa karanAra. 12. zazI (saM. zasasaluM + inavALuM)-sasalAnA AkAranuM. 13. kohinUra (phA. koTa=parvata+arabI nUra=teja)--tejanA bhaMDAra samo hIro. 14. rUmAla (phA. rU=cahero+mAla=ghasanAra) caherAne ghasI sApha rAkhanAra. 15. sitAra (phA.saM.-traNa+tAra)-mULa sitAramAM traNa tAra rAkhavAmAM AvatA. 16. musAphara (a.)-saphara karanAra. 17. darajI (DrA.) (daAbaLiyo)--bakhiyA mAre te darajI. 18. hamAla (a.) (hammAla=bhAra UMcakanAra)-bIjAno bhAra upADe te. zabdonAM mULa rUpa : saMskRta aMgulikA kali gujarAtI AMgaLI keLa saMskRta kajjala kuMbhakAra gujarAtI kAjaLa kuMbhAra

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa saMskRta kUpa dhRta parNa kokilA cakra dugdha piccha phAlguna mAnuSa miSTa rakSA vATikA zvasura zRgAla hasta uSNa nAlikera zUnyakam uSNakAlaH satya jaMghA caMdra bIja pAda saucika arbuda kukkaTakaH kUpa gujarAtI kUvo ghI pAna koyala cAkaDo dUdha pIMchuM phAgaNa mANasa mIThuM rAkha vADI sasaro ziyALa hAtha UnuM nALiyera sUnuM unALo sAca jAMgha cAMdo bI pA soI Abu kUkaDo kUvo saMskRta ghaTa daMta nakulikkaH kArya tailya nagna puNya bIja bhikSA rakta lajjA vApi - svastika zItakAla adya lekhazAlA zIrSa garbha karNa aSTa aMganakam aMdha dhAta akSata rAjikA kiTa vATikA virUpa gujarAtI ghaDo dAMta noLiyo kAja tela nAguM pUna bI bhIkha rAtuM lAja vAva sAthiyo ziyALo Aja nizALa zIza gAbha kAna ATha AMgaNuM AMdhaLo vA AkhuM rAI keDa vADI vavuM 123

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124 saMskRta galuM gujarAtI gaLanavuM) pIpaLo soMpe vaMToLa veNa aneruM. luhAra utAvaLiyuM uchaMga pippalikaH grathillakam samarpayAti vatula vacana anyataram lAhakAra uttApa: utkaMga pRSThakam karpaTa upavizati kASThAgAra praticchAyA aham upaviSTam tejanakam prasveda bhramara ghoTakaH maryAdA ekAkI kUrdati upari kApaDa bese koThAra paDachAyo saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa saMskRta gujarAtI milka maLa(vuM) dubalakam komalakam kapAra kamADa sthAnakam - thANuM cUkA carmakAra camAra bhAgineya bhANeja pratighoSa paDagho kedAra kyAro dugdha dUdha aSTAviMzati aThThAvIsa bhAjanakam bhANuM moDaza soLa AyuSya AyakhuM praroha paroDha tuTapati zlekSaNam nAnuM aMdhakAra aMdhAra kIrti kIti samavayaska samovaDI mugara: mogaro kAMTho adya Aja vilagati vaLage aMganakam AMgaNuM akSatam AkhuM muharta : tINuM parasevo bhamaro ghoDo mAjhA ekaluM kaMTha padArtha upara padAratha tAMtaNo pIMchI taMtu picchikA mahurata

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa saMskRta azru gargarI utsava bubhUkSA prastaraH mahiSI kajjalamU kokAka jAmACkaH vijJapti audhAnI tIkSNam upAdhyAya aMdha sarpaH mAnuSaH hInam jillA padminI kuSmAMDa yogI cokSam kathana jalodara tvarita zRMgAra zreSThI zuSkam gujarAtI AMsu gAgara occhava bhUkha patharo bheMsa kAjaLa khUNI jamAI vinaMtI ujANI tIkhuM ojhA AMdhaLo sApa mANasa hIzuM jIbha poyaNI koLuM jogI cokhkhuM kaheNI jalaMdara tarata zaNagAra zeTha sUkuM saMskRta kaTTAra nirIkSate dhavalakam paryaMka kaSapaTTikA vyAkhyAnamU sakalam mUka niHzvAsa mANikya jJAti saubhAgyam jAtiphala zleSma ghAta bhrAtRkaH zUnyakAraH sAkSya gopALa pa yati yajJa svakaH dhairya pazcAt jaTha mastakam devakulam gujarAtI kaTArI nirakha dhoLuM palaMga kasoTI vakhANa saghaLuM mUMguM nisAso mANeka nyAta sohAga jAyaphaLa saLekhama ghA bhAI sUnakAra zAkha govALa pAdara jita jagana saguM dhIraja pAchuM gharaDuM mAthuM devaLa 125

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126 saMskRta pazcAttApa nisarati utpuraH sauvarNikaH vizrAma vinaSTakam arpayati pippalakaH grahillakam cakra jaMghA caMdra bhakta pAda yauvana kiTa vApi vacana puNya pAnIya punaH gurjaratrA agaru nArikela tailya hastI cUrNakaH pRSTi gujarAtI pastAvo nIsare ukaraDo . sonI visAmo vaMdhyuM Ape pIpaLo gheluM cAka, cAkaDo jAMgha cAMdo bhagata pA jobana keDa vAva veNa pUna pANI paNa gujarAta agara nALiyera tela hAthI cUno pUTha saMskRta dvitIya akSatam dRzyate cAturmAsakam ArAtrika kanakadorakaH kaSapaTTikA durbalakam raktam rakSA aMganakam sUrya vikirati yAta vANijakaH ghaTa mRta sthAna uSNa pUrNimA lazUna phAlguna kadalI kalpa gallaH garja saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa gujarAtI bIjuM AkhuM dIse lakSa pRSThi comAsuM AratI kaMdoro kasoTI dUbaLuM rAtuM rAkha AMgaNuM sUraja vera(vuM) vA vANiyo ghaDo mU thANuM UnuM pUnama lasaNa phAgaNa keLa kAla gAla gAja(vuM) lAkha pITha

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1 27 gujarAtI saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa saMskRta gujarAtI aMka AMka * * daMta dAMta kAMdo raMka maMda kaMda kAMTho citrakUTa mauktikam bhAgineya bhAjanam upAkhyAnam pRthulam vibhAnam zATakaH khAdanam hAni: avamUrdhA kacchapa: kuTuMbI siddham ugamanam. kSatram vAdyam prastaya: naskam citoDa motI bhANeja bhANuM ukhANuM pahoLuM vahANuM sADalo khANuM hANa UMdhuM kAcabo kaNabI sIdhuM ugamaNuM khetara saMskRta rAMka mAMdo baMdha bAMdho kaMTakaH kAMTor caNaka caNo bhAMDAgAra: bhaMDAra tejanam tIkhuM pratipadA paDavo tithivAra: tahevAra pratyabhijJAnam pichANa vallabham. vihAluM maMDapaH mAMDavo phenam kumAra kuMvara, kuMvAruM cikkaram cIkaNuM auSadham osaDa laDuka: lADu * utkara: ukaraDo abhijJAnam - aMdhANa masyaH mAchaluM vaMdhyam vAMjhiyuM dadhistaram dahIMtharuM phINa vAjuM - paththara - nAka

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20. vAkyaracanA-rUpAMtara vAkyaracanA : eka ke vadhAre pado maLIne artha spaSTa kare tevA samuhane ApaNe vAkya kahIe chIe. vAkyanI racanA karatI vakhate ApaNe vAkyanAM padone cokkasa kramamAM goThavIe chIe. nIcenA vAkyo juo : (1) nirava pustaka vAMce che. (2) saurabha phaLa khAya che. uparanAM vAkyamAM prathama kartA che. pachI karma che ane chelle kriyApada che. sAdAM vAkyomAM padono krama A pramANe hoya che : kata. karma ane kriyApada. (1) sapheda gAya ghAsa khAya che. (2) lAla ghoDo doDe che. uparanAM vAkyomAM sapheda ane lAla vizeSaNa pado che. vizeSaNo temanA vizeSyanI pahelAM Ave che. (1) te mANasa sukhI che. (2) A pustaka sAruM che. ahIM "sukhI ane sArA vidheya vizeSaNo che. mANasa ane pustaka vizeSya pado che. sAmAnya rIte vidheya-vizeSaNo vizeSya pado pachI ane kriyApadanI pahelAM Ave che. zikSaka vidyArthIne aMgrejI sArI rIte zIkhave che. uparanA vAkyamAM pAMca pado che. A padonI goThavaNI juo. je padonI vacce nikaTano saMbaMdha hoya che tene pAse goThavAya che. vAkyomAM ApaNe ghaNI vAra nIcenAM padono upayoga karIe chIe : je-te, jevuM-tevuM. jema-tema. jeTaluM-teTaluM vagere. A joDakAMnI sAthe ja upayoga thAya che. jenI sAthe te vAparavuM ja joIe. jevuMnI sAthe tevuM vAparavuM joIe. dA.ta. (1) je karaze te bharaze. (2) jevuM vAvIe tevuM laNIe. vAkyomAM padono krama goThavavA nIcenAM niyamo dhyAnamAM rAkhavA : (1) vAkyamAM karyA pahelAM, karma bIjuM ane kriyApada trIjuM Ave che. 128

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 129 (2) jyAM be karma hoya tyAM te pratyayavALuM karma paheluM ane pratyaya vinAnuM karma enI pachI mukAya che. dA.ta. zikSaka vidyArthIone vArtA kahe che. (3) anya vibhaktivALAM nAmapada anukULatA pramANe kartA ane karmanI vacce mukAya che. (4) saMbaMdhaka vibhaktinA pratyayavALuM nAmapada je nAmanI sAthe saMbaMdha darzAve te nAmanI tarata ja pahelAM mukAya che. dA.ta. cakalInuM bacyuM. pANInAM TIpAM. (5) nAmapada enA nAmayogI avyaya sAthe mukAya che. dA.ta. taLAva pAse, gAma tarapha. (6) vizeSaNa ane vizeSya ekabIjAnI sAthe AgaLapAchaLa mukAya che. dA.ta. samRddha pustakAlaya, traNa bhavya makAno. (7) AjJArtha vAkyamAM, saMbodhanamAM AvatuM nAma vAkyanI zarUAtamAM mukAya che, ane ene alpavirAmathI juduM pADavAmAM Ave che. dA.ta. aruNA, tuM pATha vAMca. (8) kriyApadanI mAphaka kRdaMtanAM kartA, karma vagere pado kRdaMtanI pahelAM ja mukAya che. dA.ta. sUrya UgatAM, loko potapotAne kAme vaLagyAM. | (9) kriyAvizeSaNa kriyApadanI pahelAM vAkyanI vacce anukULa sthaLe mukAya che. dA.ta. (1) tuM ahI ja Ubho raheje. (2) huM jhaTa pAcho AvuM chuM. (3) tame tamAruM kAma atyAre ja pUruM karI nAkhajo. (4) hAla mAre AvavAnI jarUra nathI. (5) prabhu sadA saunI sAthamAM hoya che. vAkyarUpAMtara : vAkyanA rUpAMtara mATe nIcenI rIto dhyAnamAM rAkho : (a) kriyApadanuM kRdaMtamAM ane kRdaMtanuM kriyApadamAM rUpAMtara : (1) ghaMTa vAgyo ane vidyArthIo vargamAM gayA. (kriyApada) - ghaMTa vAgatAM vidyArthIo vargamAM gayA. (kRdaMta) (2) kAma karanAro saune game che. (kRdaMta)

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130 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa je kAma kare che te saune game che. (kriyApada) (ba) kartarimAMthI karmaNi ane karmaNimAMthI kartari rUpAMtara : (1) tame ATaluM badhuM nahi khAI zako. (kartari) tamArAthI ATaluM badhuM nahi khavAya. (karmaNi) (2) tenAthI kAma na thayuM. (karmaNi) teNe kAma na karyuM. (kari) (ka) zabdanuM svarUpa badalIne rUpAMtara : " (1) kAnana sAruM lakhI zake che. kAnananuM lakhANa sAruM che. (2) tamane have kaMTALo Ave che ? tame have kaMTALI jAo cho ? tamAre have kaMTALI javuM na joIe ne ? (Da) zabdasamUha mATe eka zabda ane eka zabda mATe zabdasamUha vAparIne rUpAMtara : (1) varNana na karI zakAya evuM eka dRzya meM joyuM. meM avarNanIya dazya joyuM. (2) mANasa akaLa prANI che. mANasa evuM prANI che ke jene kaLI zakAtuM nathI. (1) vidhAnavAkyamAM hakIkata ke vidhAna sIdhI rIte rajU karavAmAM Ave che. dA.ta. A bAga suMdara che. (2) vidhivAkyamAM rajU thayeluM vidhAna ke kathana hakAramAM hoya che. dA.ta. varasAda paDe che. (3) niSedhavAkyamAM rajU thayeluM kathana nakArano artha batAve che. dA.ta. pitAjI na AvyA. (4) praznArthavAkyamAM praznArtha pUchavAmAM Ave che. dA.ta. tame kyAre Avazo ? . (5) AjJArthavAkyamAM vinaMtI ke hukama karavAmAM Ave che. dA.ta. bahAra jAo. jarA dUra khaso.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 131 (6) ugAravAkyamAM lAgaNIno udgAra rajU thayelo hoya che. dA.ta. kevo suMdara bAga che ! (I) vidhivAkyanuM niSedhavAkyamAM ane niSedhavAkyanuM vidhivAkyamAM rUpAMtara dA.ta. (1) rameza ghaNo cAlAka che. (vidhivAkya) rameza ocho cAlAka nathI. (niSedhavAkya) (2) koI mANasa doSa vinAno hoto nathI. (niSedhavAkya) dareka mANasamAM doSa hoya che. (vidhivAkya) (3) huM koI koI vAra cA pIuM . (vidhivAkya) huM vAraMvAra cA pIto nathI. (niSedhavAkya) (4) parvata upara caDhavuM saheluM nathI. (niSedhavAkya) parvata upara caDhavuM agharuM che. (vidhivAkya) uparanAM vAkyomAM nakArAtmaka zabda mUkIne kriyApadane nakArAtmaka banAvyuM che. (pha) prazravAkyanuM nivedakavAkyamAM ane nivedavAkyanuM prazravAkyamAM rUpAMtara : dA.ta. (1) AkAzamAM puSpo hoya ? (praznavAkya) AkAzamAM puSpo hotAM nathI. (nivedakavAya) (2) mANasa badhuM ja karI zake che. (nivedakavAkya) : mANasa zuM nathI karI zakato ? (praznavAkya) A uparathI samajAze ke prazna hakAramAM hoya to nivedaka nakAramAM hoya che. prazna nakAramAM hoya to nivedaka hakAramAM hoya che. (ca) nivedakavAkyanuM udgAravAkyamAM ane ugAravAkyanuM nivedakavAkyamAM rUpAMtara : dA.ta. (1) phUla khUba suMdara che. (nivedakavAkya) kevuM suMdara phUla ! (ugAravAkya) - (2) e kevo mUrkha che ! (ugAravAkya) e mahAmUrkha che. (nivedakavAkya)

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132 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (3) dariyAkheDu dariyAthI nA Dare. (nivedakavAkya) dariyAkheDu dariyAthI Dare ! (ugAravAkya) A uparathI samajAze ke udgAravAkyanA vicAro nivedakavAkyamAM pUrA zabdomAM rajU karavAnA hoya che. uparAMta kriyApada paNa umerAya che. rUpAMtara karatAM vAkyano artha badalAvo joIe nahi. svAdhyAya 1. niSedhavAkyamAM rUpAMtara karo : (1) te mANasa dhanavAna che. (2) peluM TAvara UMcuM che. (3) rAjendra dayALu mANasa che. (4) mUrkha ja AvI bhUla kare. (5) bhaNavuM hoya to kaoNleje Avajo. (6) mAtra zAmaLo ja mAruM sAcuM ghareNuM che. (7) mogarAnAM phUla cUMTatAM jIva cUMTAya che. (8) kAle badhAM javAnAM che. (9) tamArI to mAtra AziSa ja mAguM chuM. (10) chAparA parathI badhAM pakSIo UDI gayAM. (11) e to maradanA khela che. (12) ghoghA bApAne vaTAvavA e bahu muzkela vAta hatI. 2. vidhAnavAkya banAvo : (1) huM zA mATe AvuM ? (2) A duHkha zuM moTuM nathI ? (3) zuM te nirdaya nathI ? (4) lakhyA lekha mithyA thAya ? (5) kolaMbasane sAhasavIra koNa na kahe ? (6) ame sonIne ghera zA mATe jaIe ? (7) sAtha eno kevo che phUTaDo ! (8) mosALAmAM zo che udharo ! (9) namAyAMno zo avatAra ? (10) kudarata moJarAne kevA lADa kare che ? (11) samagra gharamAM kevI zAMti prasarI gaI che ? (12) sAMje taNakhA jharato sUraja kyAMya dekhAya che ? (13) ughADo to khabara paDe nAM ? (14) je strI mAtA nathI te strI che kharI ? (15) mArAthI raDAya ja kema ? (16) vAghanI capaLatA kevI adbhuta hatI ! (17) pANIkaLAno tyAga kevo adbhuta hato ! (18) hoDakAmAM besavAnI kevI majA ! (19) keTalo moTo hAthI ! (20) zuM teno utsAha ! 3. prazravAkya banAvo : (1) ThaMDI sakhata paDe che. (2) AvuM duHkha haMmezAM rahetuM nathI. (3) eno bheda koI samajI zake nahi. (4) emAM kAMI kahevAnuM nathI.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 133 (5) e kaMI mosALuM kare ema nathI. (6) sUraja saMdhyAne karagare che. (7) e vAtamAM koI mAla nathI. (8) emAM ciMtA karavA jevuM kAMI ja nathI. (9) emAM mArAmArInI koI jarUra nathI. (10) cAlatI vakhate ApaNuM mana vadhu udAra bane che. (11) vyAyAma pratyeno aNagamo e mArI bhUla hatI. (12) bhagavAna somanAthano dveSa karanAra raNa vaTAvI AgaLa vadhI zakavAno nathI. 4. ugAravAkya banAvo : (1) sApa ghaNo lAMbo che. (2) A citra ghaNuM suMdara che. (3) karNa ghaNo udAra hato. (4) e ghaNuM ja kharAba gaNAya. (5) sAruM thayuM je AvyA tame. (6) e dahADA atyaMta sukhanA hatA. (7) caMdra tadana jhAMkho lAgato hato. (8) cAre tarapha retImAM sUryanAM teja khUba camakatAM hatAM. (9) sAhityanA zikSakane mArA pratye khUba lAgaNI hatI. 5. nIcenAM vAkyone sucavyA pramANe rUpAMtara karI pharI lakho : (1) A lokone saraLatAthI samajAvI nahi zakAya. ("saraLa vizeSaNa vAparo.) (2) samaya thayo ane gADa UpaDI. ('thayo zabda mATe kadaMta vAparo.) (3) teNe kalpI na zakAya tevuM sAhasa karyuM. ('kalpI na zakAya A zabda samUha mATe eka zabda vAparo.). (4) teNe enuM kAma pUruM karyuM. (karmaNi banAvo.) (5) emanI bhASA pANInA pravAha jevI saraLa hatI (jevo pANIno pravAha..A rIte zarU karo.) 6. nIcenAM vAkyone saMyukta ke saMkula vAkyomAM pheravo : (1) vivAha thayA. huM hAIskUlamAM bhaNato hato. (2) mAranuM duHkha na hatuM. huM daMDane pAtra gaNAyo e vAtanuM mahAduHkha hatuM. te samajAve che. badhA dharmo Izvarane pAmavAnA mArgo che. (4) tene dAvapeca AvaDe che. daMDabeThaka to AvaDatAM ja haze. (5) e mArA para dhasI Avyo. eNe mane jorathI prahAra karyo. ' (3)

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134 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (6) jarA paNa atizayokti vinA kahuM chuM. amane mAtra zvAsa levAno ja adhikAra hato. (7) beTA, dAktarakAkA pUche che. have tane kema che ? (8) eka rAta hAtha aDavo raheze. mane kAMI koI mArI nahi nAkhe. (9) piyariyAM to jANatAM jANe. ApaNA jIvanuM to jokhama ne ! (10) kamADanI sAMkaLa becAra vAra khakhaDI. haMsA daravAjA pAse gaI. (11) meM tamane nahotuM kahyuM ? eka divasa mA Avaze. (12) emane zI khabara ? eka vakhata gayelI mA kadI pAchI pharatI nathI.

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21. me sAmAnya samaja : koI paNa bhASAnA sAhityanA, racanAnI dRSTie, be bhAga paDe che H 1. gadya ane 2. padya. jyAre sAhityakAra potAnA bhAvone chaMdobaddha eTale ke yati, mAtrA, gaNa vagerenA baMdhanamAM bAMdhe che ane te rIte pragaTa kare che tyAre ApaNe tene 'padya' kahIe chIe. paraMtu jyAre sAhityakAra potAnA bhAvone A baMdhanamAMthI mukta thaIne rajU kare che tyAre tene ApaNe gadya' tarIke oLakhIe chIe. kAvyano sAmAnya artha padya karavAmAM Ave che, paraMtu kAvyanA vistRta arthanA parighamAM gadyano paNa samAveza thAya che. padyano saMbaMdha hRdaya sAthe hoya che, jyAre gadyane ApaNe buddhipradhAna gaNIe chIe. padya hRdayanI rAMgAtmaka vRttio tarapha vizeSe DhaLatuM che. AthI temAM laya upara bhAra mUkavAmAM Ave che. kalAno saMbaMdha hRdaya sAthe rahelo che. AthI citra, saMgIta ane kAvyane paraspara gADha saMbaMdha rahelo che. A kAraNe ja kAvyamAM citrAtmakatA ane saMgItAtmakatAne Avazyaka gaNavAmAM Ave che. 'laya' e saMgItanuM arpaNa che ane chaMdamAM laya jarUrI che. AthI chaMdobaddha kavitAmAM laya ane saMgItano apUrva saMgama thayelo che. kAvyamAM chaMdanuM sthAna khUba ja mahattvapUrNa che. samagra padyasAhityanA mULabhUta AdhAra tarIke chaMda che. kavitA ane chaMda vacce gADha saMbaMdha che. kavitA ApaNA prANanuM saMgIta che. kavitAno svAbhAva ja chaMdamAM layayukta thavAno che. je rIte nadIno taTa potAnA baMdhana vaDe nadInA pravAhanI gatine surakSita rAkhe che - jenA vagara te potAnI muktimAM potAnA pravAhane khoI bese che - te ja rIte chaMda potAnA niyaMtraNa vaDe rAgane spaMdana-kaMpana ane vega ApIne nirjIva karI de che. vANInA aniyaMtrita svaro para AnAthI niyaMtraNa AvI jAya che, te svaro tAlayukta banI jAya che. temAM sphUrti Ave che. rAganA chUTAchavAyA svaro eka vRttamAM baMdhAI jAya che, temAM pUrNatA Ave che. eTale ke, padya pote ja chaMdobaddha che. je rIte sapheda 135

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136 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa cAMdanImAM svayaM zItaLatA rahelI che. sUryanAM kiraNomAM svAbhAvika ja prakAza hoya che, gulAbanA puSpamAM naisargika ja suvAsa hoya che e ja rIte eka zreSTha kavitA svataH ja chaMdobaddha hoya che. chaMdanA prakAra : chaMdanA mukhya traNa prakAra che : (a) akSarameLa, (ba) mAtrAmeLa ane (ka) geya. (a) akSarameLa chaMda : jyAM caraNomAM mAtrAnI gaNatarI na thatAM akSaronI (vargonI) saMkhyA ane varSonA saMyojanathI gaNa bane che tyAM akSarameLa chaMda che. . (ba) mAtrAmeLa chaMda : jyAM mAtrAonA AdhAre chaMdanI racanA thaI hoya che tene mAtrAmeLa chaMda kahe che. eTale ke gaNatarI karavAthI je chaMdanA pratyeka caraNamAM mAtrAonI saMkhyA niyamita ane nizcita hoya ane akSaronI saMkhyA para AdhAra rAkhavAmAM Avyo na hoya te chaMdane mAtrAmeLa chaMda kahe che. (ka) geya chaMda : A chaMdamAM mAtrA upara ke varSonI saMkhyA upara paNa AdhAra rAkhavAmAM Avato nathI. paraMtu mAtra laya upara ja AdhAra rAkhavAmAM Ave che. akSarameLa ane mAtrAmeLa chaMdanA traNa traNa peTA prakAro che. caraNa ke pada : dareka chaMda keTalIka paMktiono samUha hoya che. jemake, roLA chaMdamAM cAra paMktio hoya che. A paMktione caraNa ke pada kahe che. sAmAnya rIte dareka chaMdanA cAra bhAga ke cAra paMktio ke cAra caraNa hoya che. paraMtu kuMDaliyA, chappaya vagere chaMdomAM cAra karatAM adhika caraNa paNa hoya che. dohA, soraThA vagere chaMdomAM be ja caraNa hoya che. A chaMdonA pratyeka caraNane 'dala kahe che. mAtrA : koI svaranA uccAraNamAM je samaya lAge che te avadhisamayane mAtro kahe che. je samaya hRsvanA uccAraNamAM lAge che tenI eka mAtrA mAnavAmAM Ave che ane dIrgha svaronA uccAraNamAM je samaya lAge che tenI be mAtrA mAnavAmAM Ave che. A rIte hrasva svara , 3

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 137 tathA rU laghu svara kahevAya che ane A, rUM, OM haiM, ghe, go, au, gaM, Ja: guru athavA dIrgha svara kahevAya che. mAtrA gaNatI vakhate laghu mATe 'la' varNa vaparAya che. ane guru mATe 'ga' varNa vaparAya che. laghu mAtrAnI nizAnI 'I' che ane guru mAtrAnI nizAnI 'S' che. 4 vyaMjanonI mAtrAono AdhAra tenI sAthe joDAyela svara upara che. dA.ta. , ,i " laghuvarNa ane aa, ja, jhU, je, vai, jo, jo, jaM guru varNa kahevAze. visargayukta varNane paNa guru gaNavAmAM Ave che. dA.ta. 'duHkha', 'niHzeSa'mAM 'duH', 'niH'ne guru gaNavAmAM Ave che. 'yudhiSThira' tathA 'manda'mAM saMyuktAkSara 'SThi'. tathA 'nda' che. temanI pUrvenA 'dhi' tathA 'ma'ne guru mAnavAmAM Ave che. paNa jo uccAraNa vakhate saMyuktAkSaranI pUrvenA varNa upara bhAra na mukAto hoya to tene laghu ja gaNavAmAM Ave che. dA.ta. candrabindunA uccAraNa vakhate bhAra mUkavAmAM Avato nathI. AthI candrabinduvALA vargone paNa laghugaNI zakAya. e ja rIte uccAraNanA bhAra mujaba laghune dIrgha ane dIrthane laghu paNa kyAreka gaNavAmAM Ave che. kyAreka chaMdanA niyamamAM bAdhA utpanna na thAya te mATe caraNanA laghu varNane dIrgha gaNI kADhavAmAM Ave che. gaNa : traNa traNa varNonA samUhane gaNa kahe che. varSonA laghugurunI dRSTie gaNanI saMkhyA ATha che. gaNanAM nAma, svarUpa ane lakSaNa nIce pramANe che : nAma ya gaNuM mAMgaNa ta gaNa 2 gaNa lakSaNa dRSTAnta svarUpa yazodA I S S S S S mAtAjI tArAra . S S I rAmajI S IS Adi laghu, madhya guru, aMtya guru Adi madhya ane aMtya guru Adi ane madhya guru, aMtya laghu Adi ane aMtya guru, madhya laghu Adi ane aMtya laghu, madhya guru Adi guru, madhya ane aMtya laghu / / Adi, madhya ane aMtya laghu Adi ane madhya laghu, aMtya guru jamAla ISI bhArata' SII II S ja gaNa bha gaNa na gaNa nayana sa gaNa sajanI

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saMraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa ane 'yamAtArAjabhAnasalagA'- A sUtra dvArA prathama ATha varNa pachI 'gaNa' zabda joDavAthI AThenAM nAma AvI jaze. 'la' varNa laghu 'gA' varNa guru batAve che. vaLI, A sUtra dvArA gaNanuM svarUpa paNa jANavA maLe che. je gaNanuM svarUpa jANavuM hoya te varNanI pachInA be varNa tenI sAthe joDavAthI te varNanuM svarUpa jANI zakAya che. dA.ta. 'ma' gaNanuM svarUpa jANavA mATe 'mA' pachInA be varNa 'tArA'ne joDavAthI 'mAtArA' varNasamUha banaze. AmAM traNe varNa guru che. AthI 'ma' gaNanuM lakSaNa (SSS) Adi, madhya ane aMtya guru thayuM. e ja rIte sa' gaNanuM svarUpa jANavA mATe 'sa'nI pachI 'lagA' joDatAM 'salagA' thayuM. AthI 'sa' gaNanuM lakSaNa (IIS) Adi-madhya laghu ane aMtya guru ema thayuM. ahIM eka vAta e dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnI che ke A gaNano vicAra mAtra varNa-vRtta pUrato che. mAtrAmeLa chaMdo gaNanA baMdhanamAMthI prAyaH mukta che. akSarameLa chaMdanA muktaka daMDaka chaMdamAM paNa gaNano vicAra karavAmAM Avato nathI. 138 gaNanA adhiSThAtA deva ane temanuM phaLa : chaMdazAstramAM pratyeka gaNanA adhiSThAtA deva, temanuM phaLa ane temanA zubhAzubhanuM vivecana karavAmAM AvyuM che. Ane TUMkamAM nIce mujaba darzAvI zakAya : nAma deva zubha ke azubha ya gaNa zubha ma gaNa zubha ta gaNa azubha 2 gaNa azubha ja gaNa azubha bha gaNa azubha na gaNa zubha sa gaNa vAyu azubha yati : chaMda vAMcatI vakhate cokkasa varNasaMkhyA athavA mAtrAnI jala pRthvI AkAza agni sUrya caMdramA svarga phaLa Ayu lakSmI zUnya dAha roga yaza sukha videza

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 139 vacamAM thoDI vAra mATe thobhavuM paDe che. A thobhavAnI kriyAne 'yati kahe che. jo yati niyama mujaba tenA cokkasa sthAne na hoya to tene yatibhaMga' kahe che. A doSa che. vaLI, jyAM yati hoya tyAM paNa jo zabdane toDIne vAMcavAmAM Ave ane zabda artha vagarano banI jAya to tyAM yatibhaMga' kahevAya. A rIte saMjJA ane tenuM kAraka cihna ekasAthe rahevAM joIe. paNa jo te baMnenI vacce yati AvI jAya to te sadoSa gaNAya che. caraNa ke pada : chaMdanI pUrepUrA mApavALI eka paMktine caraNa ke pada kahe che. kaDI ke zloka : cAra caraNa ke padanI eka kaDI ke zloka bane che. A niyama na sacavAya to tene "zlokabhaMga' kahe che. . zrutibhaMga : eka guru akSarane sthAne be laghu akSara(varNa) Ave tene zrutibhaMga kahe che. mukhya chaMdanAM mApa ane udAharaNa : (1) zAlinI : varNasaMkhyA : 11. baMdhAraNa : ma, na, ta, gA. gA. udAharaNa : dIThAM teNe chaMda yogIzvaronAM, dIThAM teNe vRMda tyAM kAminInAM. (2) indravajA : varNasaMkhyA : 11. baMdhAraNa : te, ta, ja, gA, gA. udAharaNa : ilA ! smare che ahIM eka veLA. A cotare ApaNa be ramelAM (3) mallikA athavA samAnI : varNasaMkhyA : 8. baMdhAraNa : 2,ja,gA,la. (4) upendravajA : varNasaMkhyA : 11. baMdhAraNa : ja, ta, ja, gA, gA. udAharaNa : sadAye UMce caDavA vicAro. . sadA vaLI jIvana nIti dhAro. indravajAno pahelo akSara gurune badale laghu hoya te upendravajA. (5) upajAti : indravajA ane upendravajAnuM mizraNa. varNasaMkhyA : 11. udAharaNa : bharo bharo mAnavanAM urone, (upendravajA) utsAha ne cetanapura relI. (indravajA)

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140 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa varNasaMkhyA : 12. baMdhAraNa : ja, ta, ja, 2. (6) vaMzastha : udAharaNa : huM mAnavI mAnava thAuM to ghaNuM. (7) indravaMzA : varNasaMkhyA : 12, baMdhAraNa : ta, ta, ja, 2. udAharaNa : lajjAnameluM nija maMda popacuM, (8) mizropajAti : upajAti, vaMzastha ane indravaMzAnuM mizraNa. udAharaNa : nirdoSa ne nirmaLa AMkha tArI (indravajA) hatI hajI yauvananI ajANI, (upendravajA) kIdho,hajI sAsaravAsa kAla teM, (vaMzastha) zRMgAra teM pUrNa citAmahIM karyo. (indravaMzA) (9) dhrutavilaMbita : varNasaMkhyA H 12. baMdhAraNa : na, bha, bha, 2. udAharaNa : jIvanamAM jhabakAra kare jaje, hRdayamAM bala he vibhu ! pUraje. varNasaMkhyA H 12. baMdhAraNa : sa, sa, sa, sa. udAharaNa : muja deha viSe, vaLI Atma viSe, jaDacetanamAM prabhu vAsa vase. (10) troTaka : (11) bhujaMgI : varNasaMkhyA H 12. baMdhAraNa : ya, ya, ya, ya. udAharaNa: bhalo dUrathI dekhatA dila bhAvyo, caDI jema AkAzamAM megha Avyo. (12) vasaMtatilakA : varNasaMkhyA : 14. baMdhAraNa : ta, bha, ja, ja, gA, gA. udAharaNa : 1. che mAnavajIvananI ghaTamALa evI, duHkhapradhAna, sukha alpa thakI bharelI. 2. hA, hA, gagA, vahu bicArI kharuM kahe che. (13) mAlinI : varNasaMkhyA : 15. baMdhAraNa : na, na, ma, ya, ya. yati : AThamA akSare. udAharaNa : sarala hRdaya icche pApIne prema pAvA. (14) maMdAkrAntAH varNasaMkhyA : 17, baMdhAraNa : ma, bha, na, ta, ta, gA, gA. yati : cothA ane dasamA akSare, udAharaNa : 1. hA ! pastAvo vipula jharaNuM svargathI UtaryuM che, pApI temAM DUbakI daIne puNyazALI bane che.

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141 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 2. saMnyAsI ko' zarada-ghana zo ekalo jAya cAlyo. (15) zikhariNI varNasaMkhyA : 17. baMdhAraNa : 5. ma. na, sa, bha, la, gA. - yati : chaThThA ane agiyAramA akSare. udAharaNa : 1. asatyo mAMhIthI prabhu ! parama teje tuM laI jA. UMDA aMdArethI prabhu ! parama teje tuM laI jA. 2. mane e cakSumAM prabhu ! jagata tIrthottama maLyuM. 3. unALAno lAMbo divasa vaheto maMthara gati. (16) pRthvI : varNasaMkhyA : 17. baMdhAraNa : ja, sa, ja, sa, ya, la, gA. yati : AThamA akSare. udAharaNa : 1. jhage kSitijane taTe amala indunI rekha te, thatI vikasatAM suhAgabhara pUrNimAno zazI. 2. bhamo bharatakhaMDamAM sakaLa bhoma khUMdI vaLI. 3. na saMsmaraNa vA na ko svajanameM kadI pUraze. 4. dhamAla na karo, jarAya nahi nena bhInAM thazo. (17) hariNI : varNasaMkhyA : 17. baMdhAraNa : na, sa, ma. 2, sa, la, gA. - yati : chaThThA ane dasamA akSare. udAharaNa : dina dina jatAM mAso vItyA ane varaso vahyAM. nagarajana ne saMbaMdhI e vyathA vIsarI zakyA. (18) zArdUlavikrIDita : varNasaMkhyA : 19. baMdhAraNa : ma, sa, ja, sa, ta, ta, gA. yati : bAramA akSare. udAharaNa : (1) ThaMDo himabharyo vahe anila zo utsAhane prerato. (2) rAjAnA darabAramAM rasikaDI meM bIna cheDI ane (3) bhUlonI ja paraMparA jagata A evuM dIse che, pitA! (19) stragdharAH varNasaMkhyA 21. baMdhAraNa ma, 2. bha, na, ya, ya, ya. yati : sAtamA ane caudamA akSare. udAharaNa : 1. dhIme dhIme chaTAthI kusumaraja laI Dolato vAyu vAya.

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142 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa comAse valliothI parimala prasare netrane tRpti thAya. 2. ociMto Abha phADa-lasalasa vIjaLI jIbha jhulanta DAcuM, kaMpI UThI bhayethI ramaNI rajanI-aMdhAra e ghora vacce. (20) anuSTrapa : ATha ATha aMkSarano cAra caraNa. dareka caraNamAM pAMcamo akSara laghu ane chaThTho akSara guru hoya che. pahelA ane trIjA caraNamAM sAtamo akSara guru hoya che ane bIjA ane cothA caraNamAM sAtamo akSara laghu hoya che. udAharaNa : 1.chAyA to makanA jevI, bhAva to nadanA sama, devonA dhAmanA jevuM, haiyuM jANe himAlaya. 2. taMbUre tAra tUTyA che, tUTyo taMbUra Aja che, mRtyunAM tIvra sUtrothI gherAtI Aja sAMja che. (21) manahara : varNasaMkhyA : 31. yati : AThamA, soLamA ane . covIsamA akSae. dareka caraNane aMte guru varNa Avavo joIe. udAharaNa : 1. UMTa kahe A sabhAmAM vAMkA aMgavALAM bhaMDAM. bhUtaLamAM pakSIo ne pazuo apAra che. 2. AMdhaLI daLe ne ATo cAra zvAna cATI jAya, e te ATo kyAre ene Avaze AhAramAM ? (22) gulabaMkI : AmAM eka laghu ane eka guru varNa hoya che. udAharaNa : svataMtra prakRti tamAma, eka mAnavI gulAma ? (23) vaitAlIya (viyoginI): 1lA ane 3jA caraNamAM sa, sa, ja. gA : 10 akSaro. udAharaNa : priyA ! caMdra lalATa kAM dhare ? tava jAte mukha pUrNa caMdra che !' aLato caraNe ja bApaDo zaramAto caraNonI lAlIthI.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 143 mAtrAmeLa chaMdo : mAtrAmeLa chaMdonI racanA akSaronI saMkhyA ke temanI laghuguru pramANenI goThavaNIne AdhAre thatI nathI. temAM eka gurune badale be laghu athavA be laghune badale eka guru khuzIthI cAlI zake. laghunI eka ane gurunI be - ema mAtrAo gaNatAM AkhI paMktinI kula mAtrAono saravALo niyama pramANe thavo joIe. (1) copAI : mAtrA : 15. caraNa : 4. tAla : 4 (1, 5, 9 ane 13mI mAtrAe). dareka caraNamAM aMtima be akSaro anukrame laghu ane guru hoya che. udAharaNa : lAMbA joDe TUMko jAya, mare nahIM to mAMdo thAya, te mATe taka joI tamAma, zakti vicAra karIe kAma. (2) aMjanI H ApaNe tyAM A chaMda marAThImAMthI Avyo che. kavi kAnta ane nAnAlAle A chaMdane ApaNe tyAM pracalita karyo che. caraNa : 4 mAtrA : prathama traNa caraNamAM soLa soLa ane cothA caraNamAM dasa. udAharaNa : AkAze enI e tArA ! enI e jyonjhAnI dhArA, taruNa nizA enI e ! dArA kyAM che enI e ? (3) doharo mAtrA : 24. caraNa : 4. pahelA ane trIjA caraNamAM 13 mAtrA, bIjA ane cothA caraNamAM 11 mAtrA. cAre caraNamAM 11mI mAtrA laghu ja hoya che. tAla : 1, 5, 9 mAtrAe. udAharaNa : 1. pramukhasama ko maMgala nahi, mRtyu samI nahIM ANa, jagama ko jaMgala nahi, satya samI nahIM vANa.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa aSADa Avyo he sakhI; kema karI kADhuM dana, nAtha namerA thaI rahyA, hrade paDiyAM 'e ratana. 3. karatAM jALa karoLiyoM, bhoMya paDI gabharAya. vaNa tUTele tAMtaNe, upara caDhavA jAya. phAgaNa Avyo he sakhI, kezu phUlyAM rasALa, hRde na phUlI rAdhikA bhamara kanaiyolAla. 4. (4) roLA : mAtrA H 24. caraNa : 4. tAla : 1, 5, 9, 14, 17; 21 mAtrAe. udAharaNa : (5) harigIta : yati : 11 ane 13 mAtrAe. ahIMyAM sahasraliMga taLAva vizALa chUtuM, ahIMyAM pATaNa jUnuM ahIM A lAMbuM sUtuM. mAtrA : 28. caraNa : 4. tAla : 3, 6, 10, 13, 17, 20, 24, 27 mAtrAe. udAharaNa : 1. naradeva bhImakanI sutA damayaMtI nAme suMdarI, suNIne prazaMsA haMsathI naLarAyane manathI varI moTI svayaMvaranI sabhAmAM suranarAdikane tyajI, varamALA koNe vahAlathI nRpa naLa taNe kaMThe sajI. 2. jiMdagI ! nhotI khabara ke mAtra tuM to che gaNita ! 3. tuja pAMkha caLake parNanAM jhuMDo mahIM cakro racI. mAtrA : 24. caraNa : 4. pahelA ane trIjA caraNamAM 11 mAtrA, bIjA ane cothA caraNamAM 13 mAtrA hoya che. doharAne ulaTAvIe eTale soraTho thAya che. cAre caraNamAM agiyAramI mAtrA laghu hoya che. tAla : 1, 5, 9, mAtrAe. o rasatarasyAM bALa, rasanI rIta mA bhUlazo, prabhue bAMdhI pALa, rasasAgaranI puNyathI. mAtrA : 37, caraNa H 4. yati : 10, 20, 30 mAtrAe. 144 (6) soraTo : udAharaNa : (7) jhulaNA : 2.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 145 'tAla : 1, 8, 11, 16, 21, 26, 31 mAtrAe. udAharaNa : " jAga ne jAdavA, kRSNa govALiyA, tuja vinA dhenamAM koNa jAze ? (8) kuMDaLiyo zarUAtamAM doharAnAM cAra caraNa, ane pachI tenAM cAra caraNane ulaTAvIne soraMThAnI cAra lITI ApavAthI temaja doharAnA prathama zabda chelle lAvavAthI kuMDaLiyo bane che. udAharaNa : Dole taruvara DALIo, pavana jhulAve pAna, UDe manohara paMkhIo, gAtAM suMdara gAna. gAtAM suMdara gAna, dhyAna IzvaranuM dharatAM, karatAM vane kalola, roja AnaMde pharatAM, saMpe retAM sAtha, prItano paDado khole, sukhiyAM paMkhI roja, DALIo taruvara Dole. (9) chappo : chappAmAM kula cha lITI hoya che. temAMthI pahelI cAra lITI roLA chaMdanI ane chellI be ullALA chaMdanI hoya che. ullaLA chaMdanI dareka lITImAM 28 mAtrA ane 1pa mAtrA pachI yati Ave che. udAharaNa : amRta akhaMDa jharaMta mADInI anupama mAyA. ciMtA-tApa haraMta pitAnI pAvana chAyA, dayA bhAvabhInI bhaginInI nitya nigaLatI. hUMpha hAma denAra sahodara saMge maLatI AkhI Alama TUMDhatAM, paNa nahIM ja zodhyAM e jaDe, camatkAra sAce ja jo e subhAgyavaza laya sAMpaDe. (10) savaiyA ekatrIsA : mAtrA : dareka caraNamAM ekatrIsa. caraNa : 4. tAla : 8. yati : 16 udAharaNa : 1. AkAze saMdhyA khIlI tI, mAthe sAtama kero cAMda, bAgamAMhI pharatA'tA sAthe, pUchuM huM phUlonAM nAma. 2. jhera gayAM ne vera gayAM, vaLI kALo kera gayA karanAra.

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146 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (11) viSama harigIta : rigIta chaMdanI lITImAMthI be mAtrA ochI karI 26 mAtrAnI lITI banAvavAmAM Ave che ane AvI lITIonuM mizraNa harigItanI 28 mAtrAnI lITIo sAthe karavAmAM Ave che. madhyarAtri same tane ali kokilA! A zuM gamyuM ? (26 mAtrA) hAM mehulo varasI rahyo teNethI tuja manaDuM bharyuM. (28 mAtrA) kAvyamAM upara batAvyAM te sivAya lokagIto ane bhajanonA DhALano upayoga paNa thAya che. phArasI sAhityanA saMsargathI ApaNe tyAM gajhalano kAvyaprakAra paNa vikasyo che. gajhala chaMda nathI, paraMtu kAvyaprakAra che ane ApaNA higItane maLatuM tenuM mApa che. udAharaNa :

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2. alaMkAra alaMkAra eTale zuM? sAmAnya rIte "alaMkAra'no artha "AbhUSaNa thAya che. eTale ke, jevI rIte AbhUSaNa strInA saundaryamAM vadhAro kare che tevI rIte kavitAnI suMdaratA alaMkAro dvArA vadhe che. vAcakane sauthI vadhu prabhAvita kare tene ApaNe uttama kAvya" kahIe chIe. alaMkAranA prayogathI kavinA vaktavyamAM anokhI zakti Ave che. kavinuM vaktavya vAMcIne ke sAMbhaLIne bhAvaka temAM tanmaya thaI jAya che. kAvyanA utkarSamAM alaMkAra madadarUpa thatA hovAthI kAvyamAM alaMkAranuM sthAna anokhuM che. bhAratIya kAvyamImAMsaka bhAmahanI pUrve kAvyanA AMtara ane bAhya baMne svarUpone alaMkRta karanArAM upAdAno mATe alaMkAra prayojAtA hatA. eTale ke, pahelAM "alaMkArazAstra zabda "sAhityazAstra'no paryAyavAcI zabda manAto hato. paraMtu pachIthI kAvyanA eka aMga tarIke alaMkArano svIkAra thayo ane tenI sAthe rasaguNa vagerenuM paNa mahattva svIkAravAmAM AvyuM. eTale alaMkAranI vyApakatA ghaTI gai ane te tenA maryAdita arthamAM ja kAvyanA utkarSanA poSaka tattva tarIke svIkArAyo. paraMtu moTA bhAganA bhAratIya AcAryo alaMkAranA mahattvathI eTalA badhA prabAvita thayA hatA ke temaNe to keTalIka vAra kAvyanA sarvasva tarIke alaMkArone gaNyA che. maharSi vyAse agnipurANamAM alaMkAronuM mahattva samajAvatAM alaMkAro vagaranI kavitAne vidhavA samAna gaNI hatI. | 'anaMRrirahitA viveva mAratI " * AcArya vAmane uttamannA: kahIne sauMdarya vadhAranAra upAdAnane ja alaMkAra mAnela che. alaMkAra ramaNIyatA janmAvanAra che, mAtra camatkAra utpanna karanAra tattva nathI. alaMkAra mAtra vANInI sajAvaTa mATe nathI, te to bhAvanI abhivyaktinA vizeSa dvArarUpa che. bhASAnI puSTi mATe, rAganI paripUrNatA mATe alaMkAra Avazyaka upAdAna che. te vANInAM AcAra, vyavahAra, 147

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148 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa jJAti. nIti che. TUMkamAM, vicArono ane bhAvono vikAsa batAvanAra tathA vastuonAM rUpa, guNa ane kriyAno vizeSa tIvra anubhava karAvavAmAM kyAreka kyAreka sahAyaka bananAra upAdAne te alaMkAra che. alaMkAranA prakAra : bhAratIya kAvyazAstranA sauprathama AcArya bharatamunie potAnA suprasiddha graMtha "nATyazAstramAM mAtra cAra alaMkAro-upamA, rUpaka, dIpaka ane yamaka-no ja ullekha karyo che. maharSi vyAse "agnipurANamAM alaMkAronI saMkhyA soLa batAvI che. AcArya bhAmahe "kAvyAlaMkAramAM aDatAlIsa alaMkArono ullekha karyo che. A pachI alaMkAronI saMkhyAmAM satata vadhAro thato rahyo che. udbhaTTa, daMDI, vAmana vagere AcAryonA samayamAM alaMkAronI saMkhyA bAvana thaI hatI ane rucyaka, TvaTa, mammaTa, bhoja vagerenA samayamAM A saMkhyA ekaso ekANuM sudhI pahoMcI gaI hatI. Aje to alaMkAro asaMkhya che. AcArya rudhyake tenA 'alaMkAra-sarvasva' nAmanA graMthamAM alaMkArone nIcenA sAta vibhAgomAM vaheMcI nAkhyA che : (1) sAdRzyamUlaka, (2) virodhamUlaka, (3) zaMkhalAmUlaka, (4) nyAyamUlaka, (5) vAkyamUlaka, (6) lokanyAyamUlaka ane (7) gUDhArthamUlaka. AcArya adhyakanuM A vargIkaraNa joke vaijJAnika che te chatAM anya AcAryoe suvidhA khAtara nIcenA traNa prakAranA alaMkAro vize vivecana karyuM che : 1. zabdAlaMkAra : jyAM alaMkAramAMnI ramaNIyatA zabdaprayoga upara AdhArita hoya. 2. arthAlaMkAra : jyAM alaMkAranuM sauMdarya arthamAM nihita hoya. 3. ubhayAlaMkAra : jyAM zabda ane artha - baMne prakAranA camatkAra hoya. 1. zabdAlaMkAra : bhoje "sarasvatI kaMThAbharaNamAM zabdonA vaicitrya dvArA kAvyane alaMkRta karanAra upAdAnone zabdAlaMkAra tarIke oLakhAvela che : 'ye vRtyatyAdinA zabdamalaMkartRmihakSamAH zabdAlaMkAra sNjnyaaste|'

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 149 kAvyane saMgIta sAthe gADha saMbaMdha che. zabdanuM mULabhUta tattva dhvani athavA nAda che. AthI zabdAlaMkAra dvArA kAvyamAM A nAdamaya sauMdarya vRddhi pAme che ane tyAM saMgItatattva paNa jovA maLe che. dA.ta. 'cAru caMdranAM caMcala kiraNo khelI rahyAM hatAM jalathalamAM' uparyukta paMktimAM 'cAru', 'caMdra' ane 'caMcala' zabdonI jagyAe 'suMdara', 'mayaMka' ane 'asthira' zabdo mUkIe to samagranuM sauMdarya naSTa thaI jaze. keTalAka mukhya alaMkAro have tapAsIe. (1) anuprAsa : jyAM vAkyamAM varNa eka karatAM vadhu vakhata Ave, pachI bhale temAM svara samAna na hoya tyAM anuprAsa alaMkAra hoya che. AnA (a) varNAnuprAsa (varNasagAI), (ba) zabdAnuprAsa (yamaka) ane (ka) aMtyAnuprAsa evA traNa prakAra pADavAmAM AvyA che. (a) varNAnuprAsa athavA varNasagAI : prabhunA premanAM puSpo parovI kAvyamALA tuM.' uparanI paMktimAM 'pa' varNa vAraMvAra Avyo che. te kAne madhura lAge che. Ama, ekano eka varNa vAraMvAra Ave tene varNAnuprAsa athavA varNasagAI alaMkAra kahe che. anya udAharaNa : (1) sAgare bhAsatI bhavya bharatI.. (2) kALI kALI vAdaLImAM vIjaLI jhabUke. (3) kAminI kokilA keli kUjana kare. (4) : prIta karuM premathI pragaTa thAze. (5) poSe che je praNayI paranA prANa pIyUSa ApI. tene mRtyu viSajanita hA, saMbhave nA kadApi. (6) bhUlI bhUlIne huM tane bhALI ho, vAlamA, gotI gotIne thAuM guma. (7) kALA karamano kALo mohana, kALuM enuM nAma.

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150 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa ( 8 ) dhanaterase dhana dhoIne, sajyA soLa zaNagAra. ( 9 ) suyoga aNamUla suMdara suhAgI mAMgalyano !' (10) paroDhe poDhIne palabhara, be pAMpaNa pare (11) huM beThI chuM ne bAra varasanI, bolanAranI bobaDI baMdha na karI dauM ! (12) mAgavuM mRtyu pramANa che prANIne. (13) caMcaLa caturA hradaye cAMpI, besADe khoLe. (14) naTavara nirakhyAM nena teM. (15) kacerImAMhI kAjIno nathI hisAba koDIno. (16) dAkhe dalapatarAma khudAvaMta khaMDerAva. (17) keDiye koyala graMthajo re ame komaLa komaLa. (18) re revA, raTaNe raTaNe tava, bhArata A raLiyAta. (ba) zabdAnuprAsa athavA yamaka : samAna uccAravALA paNa judA judA arthanA zabdo Ave tyAre zabdAnuprAsa athavA yamaka alaMkAra bane che. El.d. 'ekane ja nIcuM evI Teka cheka rAkhI eka.' ahIM 'eka', 'Teka', 'cheka', e sarakhA uccAravALA paNa judA judA arthanA zabdo che. AthI zabdAnuprAsa athavA yamaka alaMkAra che. anya udAharaNa : (1) cAliyo vATamAM jJAnanA ghATamAM, mitra mohanataNuM nAma leto. (2) che matavAlI, nathI namAlI, navAM lohInI lAlI. (3) racanA racanAra re dhaNI, karuNALu, karuNA karo ghaNI. prabhutA prabhu tArI tuM dharI mujaro lai muja roga le harI. (4) Aja mahArAjano jala para udaya joIne caMdrano hRdayamAM harSa jAme, snehaghana, kusumavana, vimala, parimala gahana nija gaganamAM utkarSa pAme. (5) graMtha garabaDa karI, vAta na karI kharI. (6) kacare kharaDyo, khoLe beTho, vaNasADI zubha sADI re. (7) gAyaka na lAyaka, tuM phogaTa phulANo che.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (ka) aMtyAnuprAsa : dareka caraNane aMte sarakhA uccAravALA zabdo AvyA hoya tene aMtyAnuprAsa alaMkAra kahe che. dA.ta. 'vAge bahu ja sukumAra pagamAM zULa kAMTA kAMkarA, ati thAka lAgyo Akaro caDatAM UtaratAM TekarA. uparokta paMktiomAM aMte 'kAMkarA' ane 'TekarA' zabdo che. teno uccAra samAna hovAthI madhura lAge che. AthI ahIM aMtyAnuprAsa alaMkAra che. anya udAharaNa : (1) madhura zabda vihaMga badhAM kare, rasikanAM hRdayo rasathI bhare. (2) sAmasAmA rahyA zobhe, vyoma, bhoma ne soma, indumAM bindu birAje, jANe uDDagaNa bhoma. (3) nAnAM nAnAM vadhu dharI zake zodhamAM e dizAmAM, relaMtA e rati vividha zI OM zazInI nizAmAM. (4) phaphaDe phaphaDe enI pAMkha, dAdAnI AMkhomAM vaLatI jhAMkha. (5) have najarano bhAra, jIvanano thaI beTho AdhAra. (6) unALe Abha nIce, ziyALe tApaNAM, comAse pANInAM Thera Thera khAmaNAM. 151 (7) nahi udvega tadipa mujane H nayana nIrakhe mAtra tujane. (8) sahu calo jItavA jaMga byUgalo vAge, yA homa karIne paDo phateha che Age. (9) hRdaya ko dravatuM nabhamAM, zazI, dhavala A karuNA DhaLatI kazI. (10) e hale che AvatAM dhImo pavana. thAya che evuM ja mArA cittamAMhI ye calana. 2. arthAlaMkAra : bhoje arthagAMbhIrya pragaTa karanArane arthAlaMkAra kahyA che.

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15ra saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa alamarthamalaMkata ydhvyutyaadvvaaaardhaanaa| sevA jAtyAdayaH prAdauste'rthAlaMkAraH saMjJAH // . eTale ke jyAM artha dvArA kAvyasaundayamAM vRddhi thAya tyAM arthAlaMkAra che. dA.ta. 'te rAjA siMhanI jema zatru para tUTI paDyo." ahIM rAjAne zatru para tUTI paDato varNavavAmAM siMhanI jema e zabdo vAparavAmAM AvyA che. arthane sacoTa banAvavAnI khUbIthI bhASAnI suMdaratA vadhe che. AthI A alaMkArane arthAlaMkAra kahe che. have ApaNe keTalAka arthAlaMkAra joIe. (1) upamA : eka vastune amuka bAbatamAM bIjI sAthe sarakhAvavAmAM Ave tyAre upamA alaMkAra thAya che. eTale ke eka varNavela (prastuta) vastunI tenA koI vizeSa guNa, kriyA. svabhAva vagerenI samAnatAnA AdhAre aprastuta vagerenI sAthe sarakhAmaNI karavAmAM Ave tyAre A upamA alaMkAra bane che. dA.ta. | 'te strInuM mukha caMdra jevuM suMdara che.' ahIM strInA mukhane suMdaratAnI bAbatamAM caMdranI sAthe sarakhAvavAmAM AvyuM che ane sarakhAmaNI karavA mATe "jevuM' zabda vAparavAmAM Avyo upamAmAM cAra bAbato hoya che. (a) upameya : je vastune sarakhAvavAmAM AvI hoya teno ullekha. dA.ta. mukha'. (ba) upamAna : tene je vastu sAthe sarakhAvavAmAM AvI hoya teno ullekha. dA.ta. "caMdra. (ka) sAdhAraNadharma baMne vastumAM rahelo samAna guNa. dA.ta. suMdara. (Da) upamAvAcaka zabda : sarakhAmaNI darzAvanAra zabda. dA.ta. jevuM. keTalIka vAra sAdhAraNa dharmano ullekha karavAmAM Avato nathI. dA.ta. te strInuM mukha caMdra jevuM che."

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 153 upamAnA prakAra H upamAnA mukhya be prakAra che H (a) pUrNopamA ane (ba) luptopamA. anya udAharaNa : (1) sIvI rahI je kApaDuM, jIvana samuM enA. (2) bhamara samo bhamato pavana ne bhamarA svayaM mujane khIlelA (3) lAgatA. A atyAre koI pUrNa vikasita phUla zI Tharela yuvatI lAge che.. (4) AvaDI choDI to phUdAnI peThama phare to ! (5) mAgavuM mRtyu pramANa che prANIne ! (6) bharyAM kadama bhUmimAM navajavAna zA Dosale ! (7) samULI UkhaDI gayela mRduvela zI e paDI ! (8) tarala taraNI samI sarala taratI. (9) ho sukhaDa samuM ura mAruM ! (10) pANInAM mojAM ghoDAne daDAnI jema uchALe che. (11) khobAM jevaDAM gulAba lalacAvatAM hatAM. (12) hiMdustAnano nakazo jo UMdho pakaDIe to eno AkAra zivaliMga dekhAya che. (13) kALasamovaDa taraMga upara UchaLe AtamanAva. (14) amArA e dAdA vipula vaDanA jhuMDa sarakhA. * (15) anila zI jhaTa UpaDI sAMDhaNI. (16) zirISa phUla zI sukomaLa svabhAvanI he 2mA ! kaThora muja sparza jo thaI gayo, tuM deje kSamA. (17) devo ne mAnavonA madhu milana taNA sthAna saMketa jevo, daivI vaimAnikonA virati bhavana zo siddha zaileSa Ubho. (18) jhAkaLa jevuM jIvI gaI tuM H have smaraNo bhInAM. (19) sUryanI jema saLagyo huM, caMdranI jema coDavAyo chuM. (20) enI laghuka vayanI vhena sarakhI uSA.

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154 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (21) jatAM svapna jevAM paNa ahIM vase loka.. (22) pRthvInA AnaMdanA spaMdana samAM taraNAM hale che vAraMvAra. (23) viSa sama gaNI enI kALI rogALI kAyA, pujana purabAre pheMkI cAlyA gayA'tA. (24) madhura indu samI samatA-sudhA vimala lalATa thakI jhare. (25) rAtarANI-phUlamahIM phUla banI phoryo. | DALathI bre kIkI - emAM mogaro zo horyo ! (2) mAlopamA : jyAM eka ja upameya mATe aneka upamAna mUkelA hoya tyAM mAlopamAM che. dA.ta. enuM maMjula mukha zazI.samAna suMdara che. kamaLa samAna manohara che.' ahIM "maMjula mukha' (upameya) mATe 'zazI' ane 'kamaLa upamAna vAparavAmAM AvyAM che. AthI ahIM mAlopamA. anya udAharaNa : (1) zruticiMtananA sukhakAra samuM, kavinA kaMI komaLa kAvya samuM, praNayI uranA zuci hAsya samuM. grahatI navanIta kare navaluM. (2) zobhe jevI zuci nItaratI mAnasethI marAlI. varSA kerAM vimaLa jalamAM nAcatI vA mRNAlI, ociMtI vA tanu camakatI meghathI jema vIja, bAlA tevI banI gaI khare adbhuta sparzathI ja. (3) ananvaya : ekanI eka vastu upameya ane upamAnanA sthAne eka ja vAkyamAM Ave tyAre tene ananvaya alaMkAra kahevAya. ana + anvaya = jene anya koI upamAna sAthe saMbaMdha nathI te. emAM koI bIjA upamAna sAthe thoDA nahi besatAM eno saMbaMdha enI potAnI sAthe ja baMdhAya che. dA.ta.

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155 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (a) mA te mA. (ba) abaLAnI zakti te abaLA jevI. A vAkyomAM upameyano saMbaMdha koI upamAna sAthe thato nathI, yogya upamAnanA abhAve eno saMbaMdha enI potAnI sAthe ja karavAmAM Avyo che. anya udAharaNa : (1) hIro te hIro ane kAca te kAca. (2) rAmarAvaNanuM yuddha te rAmarAvaNanuM yuddha, (3) apamAnitA apayazavatI tuM, to ya mA te mA. (4) vikrama te vikrama ja che. (5) te strInuM mukha te e strInuM ja mukha che, bhAI ! (4) rUpaka : jyAre sarakhAmaNI choDI daIne be sarakhI cIja vacce kavi ekarUpatA siddha kare tyAre rUpaka alaMkAra thayo kahevAya. bIjI rIte kahIe to, upameya ane upamAnanuM sAmya te upamA ane upamAnanI ekarUpatA te rUpaka dA.ta. 'te strIno mukhacaMdra ati suMdara che.' ahIM strInA mukhane caMdra sAthe sarakhAvavAmAM AvyuM nathI, paraMtu mukha e ja caMdra che ema kahevAmAM AvyuM che. A rIte be judI judI vastuo upameya ane upamAna eka che ema kahevAyuM che. AthI ahIM rUpaka alaMkAra che. rUpakanA mukhya be prakAra che : (a) abheda rUpaka ane (ba) tarUpa rUpaka. anya udAharaNa : (1) haiyAnA hojamAMthI A zuM pANI chalakAya che ? (2) rAma-ramakaDuM jaDiyuM, rANAjI, mane rAma-ramakaDuM jaDiyuM, rUmajhUma karatuM mAre maMdiriye padhAriyuM, nahi koIne hAtha ghaDiyuM. (3) nAnA mArA jIvanasaramAM dRSTinuM padma UgyuM, to ye enA sarava dalane baMdha zo kAramo che !

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156 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (4) nIlI sADI sarasa phUlanI bhAtavALI rUpALI , ne muktAnI rUmajhUma thatI mekhalA addhi kerI. haiye jhINI sarita jaLanI seranAM mauktikonAM - hArovALI lalita atize sToya saurASTranArI. (5) premanI premanI premanI re, mane lAgI kaTArI premanI. (6) muktine kyAre nija rakto reDaNahAre, pAyo kasuMbIno raMga. (7) pula nIce vahetI nadI to sAcukalI mA che. (8) tArI AMgaLIo lAva, tane paherAvuM taDakAnI vIMTI. (9) Aja alabelaDI vimala rasavelaDI. sakaLa sAhelaDI rAsa khele. (10) carcA e lokazAhIno prANa che. (11) bapora e eka moTuM zikArI kUtaruM che ane te AkAzamAM doDe che. (12) ukaraDo e ApaNuM eka sanAtana saMskRtikendra che. (13) pIta ane haritano saMyoga e Abha ane dharatInA manano meLa che. (14) pavananI AMgaLI tRNanI sitAra para sArIgama cheDI jAya che. (15) jiMdagI ! nhotI khabara ke mAtra tuM to che gaNita ! (16) pocI tuM rUnI pathArI ho, vAlamA ! zILI tuM AMbAnI chAMya ! (17) kAma te kAcuM nava kIjIe, jJAnacakSue nirakhojI. (18) joIne e kyAMkathI muja dila mahIM, AnaMda keruM madha gaLyuM. (19) parizrama ane ahiMsA sagAM bhAI-bahena che. (20) eNlpAtmAne mApavA sAru satyano gaja kadI TUMko na bano. (21) mAre mana lAibrerI lokazAhInuM maMdira che. ' (22) Dolato DuMgara I to amAro sasaro jo. (23) kALa taNI dharatImAM khodI koNa rahyuM jIvananA kUpa ? (24)svArthajaLanA mAchalAthI paramArthabuddhinI kalpanA na karAI (25) rUpamatI ane bAjha saMgItanA tAMtaNe baMdhAyAM hatAM.

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157. saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa mAlArUpaka : * eka rUpamAM jyAre eka ja upameyanI judAM judAM upamAno sAthe ekarUpatA batAvavAmAM AvI hoya tyAre te mAlArUpaka bane che. dA.ta. 'himAlaya tapasvIonI tapobhUmi, dharmanuM piyera, sAdhakonuM mosALa, avadhUtanI pathArI, bhUlokanuM svarga che.' (5) pratIpa : pratIpano artha viparIta thAya che. AthI A alaMkAra upamA karatAM viparIta, UlaTo che. upamAmAM upameya karatAM upamAnanI zreSThatA pragaTa thAya che, paraMtu A alaMkAramAM AnAthI UlaTuM jovA maLe che. eTale ke ahIM upamAna karatAM upameyanI zreSThatA jaNAya che. dA.ta. upamAmAM kahIe ke tenuM mukha zazI samAna suMdara che. paraMtu ApaNe AnAthI UlaTuM A pratIpa alaMkAramAM ema kadI zakIe ke 'zazI komaLa mukha samAna suMdara che. ahIM zazInI sarakhAmaNI komaLa mukha sAthe karavAmAM AvI che. pratIpanA pAMca prakAra che : prathama pratIpa. dvitIya pratIpa, tRtIya pratItha, caturtha pratIpa ane paMcama pratIpa: (6) vyatireka : jyAM upameya upamAna karatAM caDiyAtuM batAvavAmAM Ave tyAM vyatireka alaMkAra che. dA.ta. * (a) rAjA sAgara jevo gaMbhIra che. (ba) gaMbhIratA e varNavuM paNa arNavamAM khArAza. . A be vAkyomAMnA arthane vicArIe. pahelA vAkyamAM rAjAne 'sAgara jevo kahyo che ane sAgaranI upamA ApI che. have bIjuM vAkya laIe. emAM rAjAnuM varNana karatAM kahyuM che ke gaMbhIratAmAM ene sAgara sAthe varNavuM, paNa sAgaramAM khArAza che, rAjAmAM khArAza nathI. eTale sAgara rAjAnI tole na Ave. Ama ahIM upameyane upamAna karatAM caDiyAtuM gayuM che. Ane vyatireka alaMkAra kahe che. pratIpa ane vyatireka baMnemAM upamAna karatAM upameyane caDiyAtuM batAvavAmAM Ave che. paraMtu A be vacce eka moTo bheda che. pratIpamAM

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158 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa varNana hetu vagara ApavAmAM Ave che, jyAre vyatirekamAM varNana sAthe hetu paNa darzAvavAmAM Ave che. anya udAharaNa : (1) aLato caraNe ja bApaDo, zaramAto caraNonI lAlIthI (2) kamaLa thakI komaLuM re vhenI ! aMga che enuM. (3) varase ghaDIka vyoma vAdaLI re lola mADIno megha bAre mAsa re ! (4) zItaLAe zazI hAryo, mUkI kaLA pAme kaSTa, tejathI Adita pharI nATho. meru kerI pRSTha. (5) zikSaka eTale bApa karatAM paNa vadhAre. (6) grahezane zarvarIpati te gopya UbhA phare. vaidarbhInA vakatra AgaLa amara te AratI kare. (7) zukrAcArya nAma che mAruM, huMthI kALa pAme bIka jI. (8) e vakhate prabhAtanuM sauMdarya bichAnAnI svacchatA karatAM UtaratuM lAge che. (7) ubhekSA : - eka vastu bIjI vastu hovAnI zaMkA ke kalpanA karavAmAM AvI hoya tyAre ubhekSA alaMkAra bane che. AvA zabdo - jANe, rame, zake, zuM, lAge, dIse vagere che. kyAreka A zabda adhyAhAra paNa hoya che. dA.ta. 'te strInuM mukha jANe caMdra joI lo." ahIM strInA mukhane caMdra sAthe sarakhAvavAmAM AvyuM nathI. tema mukha e ja caMdra che ema paNa kahevAmAM AvyuM nathI. paraMtu mukha caMdra hoya evI zaMkA-kalpanA karavAmAM AvI che. ahIM - "jANe zabda prayojAyo che. A zabda mukha caMdra hoya evI zaMkA ke kalpanA sUcavanAro che. AthI ahIM ubhekSA alaMkAra che. anya udAharaNa : (1) hoDI jANe Araba ghoDI. (2) upAmareNue Abha chAyo, zuM sainya moTuM jAya. (3) vela jANe temanI avevaphUle phUlI.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (4) bhItara thakI tyAM bhInI vAsI havA taka sAdhatAM, dhasI rahI zI-! ko prete jANe lahyuM nija mocanA. (5) nAnAM nAnAM vapu dharI zake zodhatAM e dizAmAM, redtA e rati vividha zI kai zazInI nizAmAM. (6) khUMdha tArI zobhe kevI - buddhibhAra - lacI jANe nArI latA. (7) game te paMthanI vherI jANe pavanapAvaDI. 159 (8) enI mUMchonA AMkaDA jANe atyaMta jherI vIMchInA vaLelA lAla caTaka be DaMkha nA hoya ! (9) enA A zabdomAM jUno jamAno ja jANe A navI sRSTi nihALI cakita thaI bolI UThe che ! (10) devonA dhAma jevuM haiyuM jANe himAlaya ! (8) dRSTAnta H A alaMkAramAM upamAna vAkya ane upameya vAkya vacce 'jema' 'tema' jevA sAdRzyavAcaka zabdo AvatA nathI. paNa eka vAkyanI vigatonuM pratibiMba bIjA vAkyamAM paDe che. dA.ta. vasaMtanA vAyu vAya, phaLe, ne sahakAra name : saMsAranAM saphaLa phaLatAM, tema tema tamArI DALe namatI : sanmAnathI sarvadA tame vinayI thatA. kavizrI nAnAlAle potAnA gurunuM varNana karatI vakhate temanI vAtane vasaMtanA vAyunI sAthe sarakhAvI che. AthI 'vasaMtanA...name' e AkhuM vAkya upamAna tarIke AvyuM che ane 'saMsAranA...thatA' sudhInuM AkhuM vAkya upameya tarIke che. vasaMtanA vAyu vAya ane AMbA phaLatAM namatA jAya tema temane saMsAranAM kAryomAM siddhi (phaLa) maLatI gaI tema tema namra thatA gayA ema vaktavya che. Ama ahIM gurunI vAta samajAvavA mATe vasaMtanI vAta dRSTAnta dvArA rajU karavAmAM AvI che. Ane dRSTAnta alaMkAra kahe che.

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(6) 160 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa anya udAharaNa : (1) pILAM parNo pharI nathI thatAM koI kALe ja lIlAM bhAMgyAM haiyAM pharI nathI thatAM koI kALe rasIlAM. (2) UMcI nIcI pharyA kare jIvananI ghaTamALa, bharatI enI oTa che. oTa pachI juvALa. (3) je rahe kalpavRkSanI taLe, tene zI vastu nava maLe ? je jIva jaLamAM krIDA kare te prANI kyama tarase mare ? . maratAM maratAM saMto bIjAMone sukhI kare, , baLato baLato dhUpa suvAsita badhuM kare. pavanapAMkhe UDatuM haraNabacce ociMtu ja sAme zikArIne jotAM phaphaDI UThe ema govAnI hAjarImAM saMtI phaphaDI UThI. dAtaraDuM calAvatI hoya ema karapa karatAMkane snehIjananA savAlane kApI nAkhyo. (7) sakkarakhoranuM sAkara jIvana, kharanA prANa ja hare. (8) meM to dITho rAdhAne saMga khelaMto sAMvaro, pILI che pAMdaDI ne kALavo che bAjaro. nA, bApa, nA. sAco aNizuddha garAsiyo kAMI satIne bhUle ? zaMkara-pAravatInA jogamAM kAMI maNA hoya ? (10) kALu kalaMka paNa caMdranI zobhA vadhAre che tema ukaraDo gAmanI zobhA vadhAre che. (11) bheMso dUdha detI vakhate jema AMkha mIMcIne nistabdha UbhI rahe che tema AkAza taDakAnI sero choDatuM ja rahe che. (12) ane badhI pAchI havAmAM jhADa hAle ema vAMkI vaLI vaLI hasavA lAgI. (9) arthAntarajAsa : sAmAnya vAtanuM koI vizeSa vAta dvArA athavA vizeSa vAtanuM sAmAnya vAta dvArA thatuM samarthana batAvAya tyAre tyAM arthAntaranyAsa alaMkAra che. arthAntaranyAsa eTale bIjo artha mUkavo te, eka vidhAnanA samarthanamAM e ja arthanuM bIjuM vidhAna mUkavuM te. dA.ta.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 161 sItA samANI satI koNa zANI ? patipratijJA ya-sadA pramANI, kuraMga haNavA mati bhraSTa kIdhI. vinAzakALe viparIta buddhi. ahIM sItAnI vAta prathama traNa paMktiomAM kahI che ane cothI paMktimAM tenA samarthanarUpe sAmAnya vAta kahI che. have A paMktio juo : prabhuthI sahu kAMI thAya che, amathI thAya na kAMI, rAIno parvata kare, parvata bAganI mAMya. ahIM pahelI paMktimAM prabhunI zakti vize sAmAnya vAta kahI che, enA samarthanamAM bIjI paMktimAM rAI ane parvatanI viziSTa eTale khAsa vAta kahI che. dRSTAnta alaMkAramAM sAmAnya vAtanuM sAmAnya vAta dvArA athavA vizeSa vAtanuM vizeSa vAta dvArA samarthana thAya che. jyAre arthAntaranyAsamAM kAM to sAmAnya vAtanuM vizeSa vAta dvArA athavA to vizeSa vAtanuM sAmAnya vAta dvArA samarthana thAya che. anya udAharaNa : (1) kaMI lAkho nirAzAmAM amara AzA chupAI che. khaphA khaMjara sanamanImAM rahama UMDI lapAI che. (2) avani parathI nabha caDyuM vAri paDe ja pAchuM tyAM ne tyAM. - TUMkuM karma TUMkuM rahevAne sarajAyuM A avanimAM. (3) udyame ja thatAM kAryo, nahIM mAtra manorathe, sUtelA siMhanA mukhya praveze mRga nA bhUle. nIcI dRSTi te nava kare je moTA kahevAya? zata lAMghaNa kesarI kare toye tRNa nava khAya. (5) Uge kamaLa paMkamAM tadapi devazire caDe, nahIM kuLathI kintu mUlya mUlavAya guNa vaDe. (6) jevI saMgatimAM bhaLe te paNa tevAM thAya. gaMgAmAM apavitra jaLa gaMgAjaLa thaI jAya. (4) .

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162 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (7) dyuti je tane jivADatI ghuti te tane saMhAratI, je poSatuM te mAratuM evo dIse krama kudaratI. ' (8) je koI premaaMza avatare, premarasa enA uramAM Thare. (9) uttama vastu adhikAra vinA maLe, tadapi artha nA sare, masyabhogI bagalo muktAphaLa dekhI caMcu nA bhare. (10) aprastutaprazaMsA (anyokti) : prastuta eTale cAlato viSaya, je vastunuM varNana karatA hoIe te cIja. aprastuta eTale je vastunuM varNana nathI karatA, paraMtu koIka kAraNasara (upamA ApavA ke evA koIka kAraNasara) jene varNanamAM bheLavavAmAM Ave te cIja. upameya prastuta kahevAya, upamAna aprastuta kahevAya. strInuM mukha joI koI kahe ke vaktAne mukhanuM varNana karavuM che, paNa mukhane caMdra sAthe ekarUpa mAnIne pachI mukhane badale caMdranuM varNana karavuM che. - jyAre aprastutanA varNanamAMthI prastutanuM varNana sUcavAya tyAre aprastutaprazaMsA bane. A alaMkAramAM prazaMsA'no artha varNana thAya che. vakhANa nahi. A alaMkArane anyokti paNa kahe che. A alaMkAranA cAra prakAra che : (a) sAdRzyamAtra-mUlA-aprastuta prazaMsA (zliSTA) (ba) sAdazyamUlA (azliSTA), (ka) sAmAnyamAMthI vizeSa sUcavAya che, (Da) vizeSamAMthI sAmAnya sUcavAya che. anya udAharaNa : taraNA othe DuMgara re, DuMgara koI dekhe nahIM, samajUtha mAMhe re samaratha gAje sahI. (11) atizayoktiH (a) jyAre upameyano ullekha ja karavAmAM na Ave ane upamAna ja upameya hoya tyAre atizayokti alaMkAra bane che. dA.ta. koI strInA mukhane joIne koI kahe ke "te to caMdra che caMdra. ahIM strInA mukhano ullekha ja karavAmAM Avyo nathI paNa tene caMdra kahevAmAM Avela che. strInuM mukha upameya gaNAya che. caMdra upamAna gaNAya. AthI ahIM upameyano ullekha nathI ne upamAne ja upameya hovAthI atizayokti alaMkAra che.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 163 (ba) jyAre koI hakIkatane vadhArIne kahevAmAM Ave tyAre paNa A alaMkAra bane che. dA.ta. 'AkAzadharA tyAM kaMpyAM, DolyAM cauda brahmAMDa.' uparokta vAkyamAM koI be vastunI sarakhAmaNI nathI, paNa hakIkatane khUba vadhArIne kahevAmAM AvI che. AthI atizayokti alaMkAra che. have nIcenI paMktio juo : (1) paDatAM pahelAM ja tenA prANa nIkaLI gayA. (2) tenA dhanuSyaTaMkAranI sAthe ja zatruoe jIvavAnI AzA choDI dIdhI. uparokta pahelA vAkyamAM kAryane kAraNanI pahelAM thatuM batAvavAmAM AvyuM che. bIjI vAkyamAM kAryane kAraNanI sAthe banatuM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che. atizayoktinA mukhya sAta prakAra che : (1) rUpAkAtizayokti, (2) bhedakAtizayokti, (3) saMbaMdhAtizayokti, (4) asaMbaMdhAtizayokti, (5) atyaMtAtizayokti, (6) atikramAtizayyakti, (7) capalAtizayokti. anya udAharaNa : (1) upAnareNue abhra chAyo, jojana koTAnakoTa. (2) sAmasAmA rahyA zobhe, vyoma bhoma ne soma; indumAM bindu birAje, jANe uDugaNa bhoma. (3) kAce te tAMtaNe harijIe bAMdhI. (4) kuMtI ! tArA karNane paNa tuM letI jA. (5) jUnuM to thayuM re devaLa jUnuM re thayuM, mAro daMsalo nAno ne devaLa jUnuM re thayuM. (12) vyAjastuti H vyAja eTale bahAnuM. vyAjastuti eTale koI bahAnA heThaLa stuti karavI te. jyAre dekhItI niMdAnA bahAnA heThaLa koInI prazaMsA thatI hoya athavA to dekhItI prazaMsAnA bahAnA heThaLa koInI niMdA thatI hoya tyAre A alaMkAra bane che.

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164 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa A rIte vyAjastutinA be prakAra paDe : (a) niMdAmAMthI stuti samajAya che ane (ba) stutimAMthI niMdA samajAya che. (a) niMdAmAMthI stuti samajAya che.' (1) gAMdhIjI hiMsA ane asatyanA kaTTA verI hatA. (2) sUryadeva ! tamArAM kiraNoe zuM dhoLuM karyuM? aMdhakAranuM mukha to kALuM thaI gayuM che ! A vAkyomAM dekhItI niMdA che, paNa temAMthI stutino bhAva phuTa thAya che. gAMdhIjIne koInA paNa dumana kahevA e dekhItI niMdA che, paNa hiMsA ane asatyenA duzmana tarIkenuM temanuM varNana temane mATe zobhArUpa che. te ja rIte bIjA vAkyamAM aMdhakAranuM mukha kALuM thaI gayuM e uddagAra dekhItI rIte sUryadevane niMdArUpa che, paNa temAMthI aMdhakArane parAjita karI dIdho e artha nIkaLe che te sUryanI stutirUpa che. (ba) stutimAMthI niMdA samajAya che. (1) jAdava strI tALI daI hase, dhanya nagara Avo nara vase; kIdhAM haze vratatapa apAra, te strI pAmI haze A bharathAra, (2) aho ! duryodhana ! zI tamArI nyAyabalihArI ! pAMDavone eka tasu paNa jamIna na maLe ! A vAkyomAM stutine bahAne niMdA karavAmAM AvI che. sudAmAne joIne jAdava strIo je uddagAra kADhe che temAM sudAmAnA dInadaridra vezanI stutine rUpe niMdA samajAya che. bIjA vAkyamAM stuti dvArA duryodhananA nyAyanI avaLacaMDAI batAvI che. anya udAharaNa : (1) cAtaka, cakavA, catura nAra pratidina phare udAsa, khara, ghuvaDa ne mUrkha nara sukhe sUe nija vAsa.(ahIM prathama paMktimAM uparathI niMdA paNa aMdarathI stuti che. bIjI paMktimAM uparathI stuti paNa aMdarathI niMdA che.) (2) sabhAmAM sahu hAsya karatA ! "A ratna ratha kheDatA."

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (13) virodhAbhAsa : be bhinna vastuone ekasAthe rajU karatAM virodha utpanna thAya, paNa e virodhano.mAtra AbhAsa ja hovAthI, tene vize UMDo vicAra karatAM te virodhanuM zamana thaI jAya che. Ane virodhAbhAsa alaMkAra kahe che. (a) he siMdhu, tuM khAro che, chatAM amIrasabharyo che. (ba) jeTha tapI rahyo jagamAM re, ene zravaNa AMkhe. ahIM siMdhu ekasAthe khAro ane amIrasabharyo che te prathama dRSTie virodha Ubho kare che, paNa bIjI ja paLe vicAra karatAM samajAya che ke tenI aMdara jIvanano amIrasa (mIThuM) rahelo che. bIjA vAkyamAM paNa prathama najare jeTha ane zrAvaNano virodha lAge, paNa tarata ja samajAya che ke jagatamAM jeTha mahino bhale tapI rahyo paraMtu raDatI mAnI AMkhamAMthI to zrAvaNa mahinAnI varSAnA jevI AMsunI dhArA vahI rahI che. keTalIka vAra virodhano AbhAsa zleSathI utpanna thAya che ane tenuM zamana paNa zleSathI thAya che. dA.ta. 'he zaMbho, tame zUlavALA cho chatAM nIrogI cho, tame viSama netra hovA chatAM samaSTi dharAvo cho.' 165 ahIM 'zUla' zabda para zleSa che. tenA be artha thAya che. (1) peTano dukhAvo ane (2) trizUla H te ja rIte 'viSama'nA paNa be artha thAya che : (1) ekI saMkhyAvALI (traNa) ane (2) samatA vagaranI. AmAM zabdano pahelo artha virodhano AbhAsa Ubho kare che ane bIjo artha tenuM zamana kare che. anya udAharaNa : (1) tameya kevAM che ajaba diyate ! ke nayamAM abhavo ne bhAve paNa muja ramI eka ja rahyAM ! (2) jItyA jeo te ja aMte jitAyA, jItyA teo yuddhamAM je jinAyA, jItyA jeo te ja kleze marAyA, jItyA te je dharmayuddhe marAyA.

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166 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (14) svabhAvokti : jemAM vastu jevI hoya tevuM vAstavika citra ApyuM hoya te alaMkArane svabhAvokti alaMkAra kahe che. svabhAvokti eTale jevuM hoya tevuM ja barAbara varNana karavuM te. dA.ta. nDAnA sAdA zayanagRhamAM svaccha dIvo baLe che, vidyuvali prabaLa camakI jyoti sAthe bhaLe che. sAhityo meM bahu nava dIse eka payaMka mAtra thoDAM jhINAM rajanIvasano pAsamAM vAripAtra. ahIM eka gharano zayanakhaMDa rAtrine samaye kevo lAge che tenuM vAstavika citra doreluM che. tene svabhAvokti citra kahe che. zAkhAomAM taruvara taNI cakravAkI chupAtI, zodhI kADhe dayita nayano joIne dRSTa thAtI. caMcU caMcU mahIM laI pachI pakSane pakSamAM le. krIDA evI kaMI kaMI kare madhyamAM daMpatI te. ahIM cakravAka ane cakravAkInI premakrIDAnuM suMdara svabhAvoktivALuM varNana kareluM che. anya udAharaNa : (1) aho ! kyAre kyAre thananathana nAcI mRga rahe, vaLI e kanyAnA ghaDIka pada cATe jIbha vaDe. (2) pADe tALI, vajADe gAla, AMtarI vaLe uzRMkhala bALa. (3) UMce badhAM zikhara zveta thayAM jaNAya. nIce nadIvahanamAM taruo taNAya. (4) sAjana-mahAjana vacce Dramakato, nAcato, najAkatabharyo, cAMdInA sAmAnathI cakamaka thato, kasAyelo pelo lIMbumiyAMno che. (5) mukha nAsikA mohananAM cUe. kara kapALe daI ADuM jue. (15) sajIvAropaNa : jyAM nirjIvamAM cetananuM AropaNa karavAmAM Ave tene sajIvAropaNa kahe che. dA.ta.

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167 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (a) rAkSasanA trAsathI pRthvI kaMpatI hatI. (ba) vRkSAdie harakhathI namI svasti zabdo pukAryA. ahIM vRkSa, pRthvI vagere nirjIva padArtho pAse te sajIva hoya te pramANe varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. AthI ahIM sajIvAropaNa, alaMkAra che. anya udAharaNa : (1) nizAne ghora aMdhAre puSpanI pAMdaDI rahe, - prabhAte sUryanA darzane navA teje hasI paDe. (2) AchI gherI pura uparanI dhUmranI dhUMdhaLImAM, dhIre dhIre azva Utare aMdhakAra. (3) AkAzanA aMcaLa lagI bhara medinIne mApato, A bhramita paMtha pralaMba poDhe devanA karadaMDa- zo, kAMThe bhajana karathI karIne tApa tanano TALatI, AzvAsa paLapaLa arpatI, zI vADa vilase vhAlathI. (4) enA A zabdomAM jUno jamAno ja jANe A navI sRSTi nihALI cakita thaI bolI UThe che. sImamAM UbhI, vATa ekalI, rue, AkhI rAta. (6) lIlAM. caraNAM avanie dhayAM, taruvara ghera gaMbhIra. zaheranI saDaka seja vAta navI jAya kahI. (8) pharakatuM paDe tyAre bhUrI havAmAM, jhINAM zilpa kai kotarI jAya pIchuM.. (9) nadI doDa, soDe bhaDa bhaDa baLe, DuMgaravano. (10) nAmavara ! tAkAta vadhAre paDatI udAratAthI zaramiMdI paDe che. (11) UbhA. avAbe choDa meM dUre rahIne dekhatAM, ati capalako surabALane zA joI vismaya pAmatAM ! karanA anavarata kaMpathI e bALane bolAvatAM, ne nIranAM paNa nayana jo ! AzAbharyA avalokatAM. (12) vRkSoe paNa khaMkherI nAkhyAM hatAM ne nAgApUgAM thaI UbhAM UbhAM havAmAM nahAtAM hatAM. (13) bahu ja thoDA ravivAro potAnA AyuSyanI avadhi- 24 je te

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168 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa kalAkanI - pUrI karI zake che.' (14) sAMjaveLA teja, chAyA, ghAsa - sau sAthe maLIne khelatAM. (16) zleSa : - dviarthI zabdone kAraNe vAkyanA be ke tethI vadhu artha thAya tyAre leSa alaMkAra bane che. dA.ta. comAsuM AvatAM sRSTi navuM jIvana meLave che.' ahIM "jIvana" zabdanA be artha thAya che. (1) jiMdagI ane (2) pANI. emanuM hatuM hRdaya kAma viSe DUbeluM." ahIM 'kAma zabdanA be artha (1) kArya ane (2) viSayavAsanA thatAM hoI vAkyanA be artha thAya che: (1) emanuM hRdaya kAryamAM DUbeluM hatuM. ane (2) emanuM hRdaya viSaya vAsanAmAM DUbeluM hatuM. anya udAharaNa : (1) e kevI rIte bhUle potAnI pyArI mAne. (2) ravine potAno taDako na game to te jAya kyAM ? (17) apavrutiH upameyano eka vAra niSedha karIne pachI tenA para upamAnanuM AropaNa karavAmAM Ave tene apavruti alaMkAra kahe che. apattuti eTale chupAvavuM te. dA.ta. A na zahera, mAtra dhUmranA dhuMvA, * na zahera A, kurUpanI kathA, na A zahera, virATa ko vyathA. ahIM upameya "zahera' che te "zahera nathI' ema kahIne nakAravAmAM AvyuM che. A rIte upameyano eka vakhata niSedha karyA pachI tenA para upamAnanuM AropaNa karavAmAM AvyuM che. rUpaka ane apavruti vacceno taphAvata dhyAnapAtra che. apavrutimAM paNa rUpakanI mAphaka upameya ane upamAnanI ekarUpatA sadhAya che. paNa rUpakamAM te sIdhesIdhI sadhAya che, jyAre apahRtimAM upameyane prathama nakAravAmAM Ave te pachI ja tenA upara

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 169 upamAnanuM AropaNa karavAmAM Ave che. uparanA dRSTAntane rUpaka banAvavuM hoya to A pramANe lakhavuM joIe ? A zahera dhUmanA dhUvA che. kurUpanI kathA che, koI virATa vyathA che. anya udAharaNa : (1) na hoya e abhra. e to garavo giranAra che. (2) nahi te kaMI doSabharyA nayano. paNa nirmala nehasarovara sArasa. yugma samAM paripUrNa dayArasa, e jakhamI dina * zayano ! (3) ne sAMbhaLo je svara A phUleke, te nA vAjAM benDanAM, kiMtu mArI bhUMDA darde AmaLA le gayelI AMtaraDIo trAsanI cIsa nAkhe. (4) nArI tArI nAsikAno go, noya bhUSaNa cittano cora, rakta adhara hase maMda maMda, nahi hAsya e mohano phaMda. A sivAya paNa arthAlaMkAranA anya paNa keTalAka prakAra che. jema ke brAntimAna athavA bhrama, saMdeha, smaraNa, ullekha, pratistUpamA, udAharaNa, samAsokti. atyukti, parikara, parikarAMkura, viSama, visaMgati, vizeSokti. vibhAvanA, yathAsaMkhyA ke krama, anyonya, sAra, paryAya, kAvyAthapatti, kAvyaliMga, taNa, ataguNa, maulita, unmolita, mudrA, parisaMkhyA, lokokti, vyAjokti, gUDhyakti, ekokti, vinokti, pariNAma, AkSepa, asaMbhava, sama, vicitra, adhika, alpa, vizeSa, vyAghAta, kAraNamAlA, ekAvali, parivRtti, vikalpa, samuccaya, samAdhi, pratyenIka, mithyAdhvasita, lalita, praharSaNa, viSAdana, ullAsa, avajJA, tiraskAra, leza, ratnAvalI, sAmAnya prazna, uttara pratipredha, hetu vagere.

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ra3. avyaya : prakAra nAma,sarvanAma, vizeSaNa ane kriyApada e evI jAtanAM pado che ke jude jude vakhate temanAM rUpomAM kaMI ne kaMI pheraphAra thAya che. jema ke, sarvanAma : ama-amAruM-amArAM, tuM-tane, tame-tamane, te-teNetemAM, ApaNe-ApaNo-ApaNAthI. nAma chokaro-chokarI-chokaruM, chokarA-chokarAo, chokarAM, chokarAne, chokarAthI, chokarAmAM vagere. vizeSaNa : sAro sArI-sAraM-sArA-sArAM vagere. kriyApada : Ave che-Avyo-Avaze-AvuM chuM-avAya che-AvazeAva vagere. Ama, nAma, sarvanAma, vizeSaNa ane kriyApada e cAramAM pheraphAra thAya che. A pheraphAra mATe vyayI" zabda vaparAya che. have nIcenAM vAkyo tapAso : pulina jaladI Avo. kAnana jaladI AvI. paMkhI jaladI AvyuM. uparanAM vAkyomAM 'Avyo, 'AvI', 'AvyuM ema pheraphAra thAya che. paraMtu "jaladI zabda to emano ema ja rahe che. emAM pheraphAra thato nathI. je zabdamAM koI paNa jAtano pheraphAra thato nathI te avyaya kahevAya che. avyayanA cAra prakAra che : (1) kriyAvizeSaNa avyaya, (2) nAmayogI avyaya, (3) ubhayAnvayI avyaya ane (4) kevaLaprayogI avyaya. 1. kriyAvizeSaNa avyaya : je pada nAmanA arthamAM vadhAro kare te pada vizeSaNa kahevAya che. vizeSaNanuM kAryanAmanA arthamAM vadhAro karavAnuM che. paNa je pada kriyApadanA arthamAM vadhAro kare tene kriyAvizeSaNa kahe che. nIcenAM vAkyo juo : 170

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (1) te jaladI doDyo. (3) aruNA sIDI pAse UbhI che. (2) huM roja AvIza. bIjA vAkyamAM 'AvIza' kriyApadano samaya 'roja' avyaya batAve che. 'roja' avyaya kriyApadanA arthamAM vadhAro kare che. 'pAse' avyaya 'UbhI che' kriyApadanA arthamAM vadhAro kare che. A badhA avyayo kriyAvizeSaNanuM kArya kare che. teo kriyAvizeSaNa avyaya che. je avyayo kriyApadanA arthamAM vadhAro kare che tene kriyAvizeSaNa avyaya kahe che. nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : (1) ahIM eka dUrabIna che. (2) tyAM jaze nahIM. (3) dilIpa upara che. 171 (5) ame aMdara beThA. (4) cAvI nIce paDI gaI. (6) huM pAchaLa cAlIza. upara moTA akSare chApelA avyayo potAnA kriyApadanA arthamAM vadhAro kare che. A badhA kriyAvizeSaNa avyayo che. ahIM, tyAM, upara, nIce, aMdara, pAchaLa vagere sthaLa batAve che. 'upara' avyaya 'che' kriyApadanuM sthaLa batAvIne kriyApadanA arthamAM vadhAro kare che. uparanA badhA ja avyayo kriyA kyAM thAya che te batAve che. Amane sthaLavAcaka kriyAvizeSaNa kahe che. nIcenAM vAkyo juo : (1) gADI hamaNAM ja Avaze. (3) sadA sAcuM bolo. (5) sAMje pharavA jAo. huM roja zALAe jAuM chuM. kAle rajA hatI. savAre vAMco. (2) (4) (6) uparanAM vAkyomAM moTA akSare chApelA zabdomAM kadI pheraphAra thato - nathI. hamaNAM ja, roja, sadA, kAle, sAMje, savAre A badhA kriyAvizeSaNa avyayo che. A badhA avyayo kriyAno samaya darzAve che. kriyA kyAre thAya che te batAve che. A badhAM pado kALavAcaka kriyAvizeSaNa avyayo che. nIcenAM vAkyo juo : (1) neha dhIme cAle che. (3) utAvaLe na khAo. (5) Trena ekadama UpaDI. (2) tame jaladI karo. (4) haLave doDo. (6) stuti jhaDapathI cAlI.

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172 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa uparanAM vAkyomAM dhIme, jaladI, utAvaLe, haLave, ekadama, jhaDapathI - A badhA kriyAvizeSaNa avyayo kriyA kevI rIte thAya che te batAve che. kriyAnI rIta batAvIne kriyAnA arthamAM vadhAro kare che. A badhAM pado rItivAcaka kriyAvizeSaNa avyayo che. 2. nAmayogI avyaya : nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : | (1) gAma bahAra taLAva che. (2) rAma sAthe sItA gayAM.. (3) Tebala para pustaka mUko. (4) maMdira pAse vRkSa che. (5) charI vaDe zAka kApo. (6) jhADa nIce beso. uparanAM vAkyomAMnAM bahAra, sAthe. para, pAse, vaDe. nIce - A badhAM padonAM svarUpamAM kadI pheraphAra thato nathI. A badhAM pado avyaya che. A badhAM pado gAma bahAra, rAma sAthe, Tebala para, maMdira pAse, charI vaDe ema nAma sAthe vaparAya che. A badhAM nAmayogI avyaya che. nIcenAM vAkyo juo : (1) mArI khAtara ATaluM karo. (2) tenI pAse eka baMgalo che. (3) ApaNI AjubAju zuM cAle che ? uparanA khAtara, pAse, AjubAju avyayo vAkyamAM vaparAyA che. mArI, tenI, ApaNI A badhAM sarvanAmo che. A paNa nAmayogI avyayo che. je avyaya nAma ke sarvanAma sAthe vaparAya che te nAmayogI avyaya kahevAya che. 3. ubhayAnvayI avyaya : nIcenAM vAkyo juo : (1) neha ane pulina jAya che. (2) gAya tathA bheMsa care che. (3) cA ke kaoNphI cAlaze. uparanAM vAkyomAM ane, tathA ke vagere avyaya che. ahIM ane avyaya neha ane pulinane joDe che. tathA avyaya-gAya ane bheMsane joDa che; ke avyaya cA ane kephIne joDe che. neha, pulina: gAya, bheMsa: cA, kaoNphI - A badhAM pado nAma che. uparanA avyayo nAmane joDe che. A avyayo

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173 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa ubhayAnvayI avyayo che.. je avyayo be nAmane joDe che tene ubhayAnvayI avyaya kahe che. ubhaya eTale be- be nAmane joDavAnuM kAma kare che. ubhayAnvayI avyaya be vAkyane paNa joDe che. nIcenAM vAkyo juo : (1) hetala rame che ane zaila vAMce che. (2) zvetala hoziyAra che paNa ALasu che. (3) tame gayA tethI huM Avyo nahIM. uparanAM vAkyomAM ane, paNa, tethI avyayo be vAkyone joDe che. A paNa ubhayAnvayI avyayo che. je avyaya be nAma ke be vAkyane joDe che tene ubhayAnvayI avyaya kahe che. 4. kevaLaprayogI avyaya : manamAM harSa, zoka, gabharATa, ahobhAva vagerenI lAgaNI jAgatAM je zabda moMmAMthI ApoApa sarI paDe tene kevaLaprayogI avyaya kahe che. A avyaya vAkyamAM hovA chatAM ene vAkyanAM bIjA pado sAthe kazo saMbaMdha nathI. e avyayano kevaLa arthanI dRSTie prayoga karavAmAM Ave che. AthI e kevaLaprayogI avyaya kahevAya che.

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ra4. vizeSaNaH prakAra (1) rAto ghoDo sauthI AgaLa doDe che. (2) A vargamAM trIsa vidyArthIo che. uparanAM vAkyomAM rAto', "trIsa - e zabdo anukrame "ghoDo', "vidyArthIo' e nAmonA arthamAM vadhAro kare che, eTale ke e nAmo vize vizeSa hakIkata kahe che. nAmanA arthamAM vadhAro karanAra AvA zabdone vizeSaNa kahe che. je nAmanA arthamAM vizeSaNa vadhAro kare che tene vizeSya kahe che. uparanA pahelA vAkyamAM "rAto' vizeSaNa che, ghoDo' tenuM vizeSya che. vizeSaNanA prakAra : 1. guNavAcaka vizeSaNa : bhalo chokaro. dayALu rAjA. sastuM anAja. dharmiSTha zeTha. uparanA moTA akSaravALuM dareka vizeSaNa tenI najIkanA nAma (vizeSya)no guNa batAvI tenA arthamAM vadhAro kare che. AvAM vizeSaNone guNavAcaka vizeSaNa kahe che. 2. saMkhyAvAcaka vizeSaNa : 1. eka pradhAna, cAra pustako. 2. bIjo chokaro, cothuM ghara. 3. Dajhana kerI, koDI pataMga. 4. pA rUpiyo. savA zera. 5. ekavaDuM kapaDuM, bamaNA rUpiyA. 6. thoDAM mANaso, keTalAMka phUla. uparanA moTA akSaravALuM dareka vizeSaNa saMkhyA batAvI tenI najIkanA nAma(vizeSya)nA arthamAM vadhAro kare che. AvAM vizeSaNone saMkhyAvAcaka vizeSaNa kahe che. uparanAM udAharaNa 1 thI 5 nAM saMkhyAvAcaka vizeSaNo nizcita eTale cokkasa saMkhyA batAve che. AvAM vizeSaNone nizcita saMkhyAvAcaka vizeSaNa kahe che. udAharaNa 6nAM vizeSaNa, nizcita saMkhyA darzAvatAM nathI, AvAM vizeSaNone anizcita saMkhyAvAcaka vizeSaNa kahe che. thoDuM ghaNuM, puSkaLa, saghaLuM, badhuMvasuM, sarva. ochuM alpa jarA, bAkInuM, keTaluMka anya, kaMIka, koI amuka vagere anizcita saMkhyAvAcaka vizeSaNo che. 174

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175 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa nizcita saMkhyAvAcaka vizeSaNo - (1). pUrNa saMkhyA batAvato hoya che - eka, be, dasa, so vagere. (2) krama batAvatAM hoya che - paheluM, dasamuM, somuM, vacaluM, chelluM vagere. (3) saMkhyAno samUha batAvatAM hoya che - dasako, saiko, seMkaDo vagere. (4) saMkhyAno bhAga batAvatAM hoya che - adhuM, aDhI, sADA traNa vagere. (5) saMkhyA keTalA gaNI che te batAvatAM hoya che - ekavaDuM, savAyuM, doDhe, bevaDuM, bamaNuM, traNa gaNuM vagere. 3. parimANavAcaka vizeSaNa : (1) thoDuM dUdha. badhuM kAma. jarA mIThuM. vadhAre ghI. (2) pyAlo dUdha. khobo pANI. maNa bAjarI. uparanAM moTA akSaravALAM vizeSaNo saMkhyA nahi, paNa mApa batAve che. AvAM vizeSaNone mApavAcaka eTale ke parimANavAcaka vizeSaNo kahe che. uparanA udAharaNa ra mAM pyAlo', "khobo', "maNa" e dareka nAma che. paNa ahIM parimANavAcaka vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAyela che. parimANavAcaka vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAtA zabda anizcita saMkhyAvAcaka vizeSaNa tarIke paNa vaparAya che. eTale A baMne prakAranAM vizeSaNa vacceno taphAvata samajavo joIe. Avo kayo zabda artha sUcave che te parathI te nakkI karI zakAya. dA.ta., (1) meM ghaNI cA pIdhI che. (parimANavAcaka vizeSaNa) (2) tyAM ghaNI chokarIo rame che. (anizcita saMkhyAvAcaka vizeSaNa) 4. darzaka vizeSaNa : (1) A citra juo. (2) e zAka lAvazo nahi. (3) te chokaro vAMce che. (4). peluM jhADa ghaNuM UMcuM che.' 'A', 'e. te', 'peluM e zabdone darzaka sarvanAma tarIke vaparAyelA ApaNe joI gayA chIe. uparanAM vAkyomAM e vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAyAM che. tethI temane darzaka vizeSaNa kahe che. darzaka sarvanAmo vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAya che tyAre te darzaka vizeSaNa kahevAya che.

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176 5. praznavAcaka vizeSaNa : (1) kayo mANasa Avyo hato ? (2) tame zo javAba lAvyA cho ? (3) kevI vAta karo cho ? saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 'kayo', 'zo', 'kevI' - e zabdo praznavAcaka sarvanAma tarIke vaparAya che, paNa uparanAM vAkyomAM vizeSaNa tarIke ane prazna pUchavA mATe vaparAyA che. prazna pUchavA mATe vaparAtAM AvAM vizeSaNane praznavAcaka vizeSaNa kahe che. sApekSa vizeSaNa : 6. (1) jevAM bI vAvazo tevAM phaLa maLaze. (2) je kAma karo te joI vicArIne karajo. uparanAM vAkyomAM sApekSa sarvanAma vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAyAM che. AvAM vizeSaNane sApekSa athavA saMbaMdhaka vizeSaNa kahe che. vizeSaNanuM vizeSaNa : 7. (1) te ghaNo paropakArI mANasa che. uparanA vAkyamAM 'paropakArI' e 'mANasa'nuM vizeSaNa che, ane 'ghaNo' e 'paropakArI'nuM vizeSaNa che. A rIte vizeSaNane paNa vizeSaNa hoya che. te agAu jaNAvelA prakAromAMthI ekAda prakAranuM hoya che. A rIte artha pramANe vizeSaNanA sAta prakAra che. vAkyamAM tenA sthAna pramANe paNa tenA prakAra paDe che. te nIce mujaba che : anuvAdya vizeSaNa : 1. (1) peluM suMdara phUla lAvo. uparanA vAkyamAM 'suMdara' e vizeSaNane vizeSyanI AgaLa mUkavAmAM AvyuM che. A rIMte je vizeSaNane vizeSyanI AgaLa mUkavAmAM AvyuM hoya temane vizeSaNa kahe che. anuvAda ra. vidheya vizeSaNa : (1) peluM phUla suMdara che. uparanA vAkyamAM vizeSaNane vizeSya pachI mUkavAmAM AvyuM che. AvAM vizeSaNane vidheya vizeSaNa kahe che.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 1. jAti vizeSaNanA rUpa pramANe paNa be prakAra paDe che. te nIce mujaba cheH vikArI vizeSaNa : -ekavacana nara nArI nAnyatara bahuvacana sArA chokarAo sArI chokarIo sAro chokaro sArI chokarI sAruM chokaruM sArAM chokarAMo uparanAM udAharaNomAM vizeSyanAM jAti - vacana pramANe 'sAruM' e vizeSaNanA rUpamAM pheraphAra thayA che. A pramANe je vizeSaNanA rUpamAM vizeSyanAM jAti - vacana pramANe pheraphAra thAya che tene vikArI vizeSaNa kahe che. ra. avikArI vizeSaNa : hoziyAra chokaro hoziyAra chokarI hoziyAra chokaruM 177 hoziyAra chokarAo hoziyAra chokarIo hoziyAra chokarAMo uparanAM udAharaNomAM vizeSyanAM jAti ane vacanane kAraNe 'hoziyAra' e vizeSaNanA rUpamAM koI pheraphAra thayo nathI. A rIte je vizeSaNanA rUpamAM vizeSyanAM jAti-vacanane kAraNe kaMI pheraphAra thato nathI tene avikArI vizeSaNa kahe che. - Ama, sthAna pramANe vizeSaNanA be prakAra che : anuvAdya ane vidheya. rUpa pramANe tenA be prakAra che H vikArI ane avikArI. dareka vizeSaNa bemAMthI eka prakAranuM hoya che.

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rapa. rUDhaprayogo ane kahevato rUDhaprayogo : nIcenA vAkyo vAMco : 1. mane to ema hatuM ke ramaNabhAInA hAtha Abhe pahoMcyA che. 2. moTA bhAInA kAna koIke phUMkyA lAge che. 3. hiteze kAkAnI AMkhamAM dhULa nAkhI. 4. dhULa paDI tArA nAma para ! 5. kerInI soDama AvI ane stutinA moMmAM pANI chUTyuM. AvA kALA akSare chApelA zabdono artha ApaNe vAcyArtha pramANe nathI karatA, paNa cAlatI AvelI rUDhi pramANe ja karIe chIe. "Abhe hAtha pahoMcavA eTale bahu ja moTA ane baLavAna hovuM; kAna phUMkavA eTale manamAM vahema pesADI devo; "AMkhamAM dhULa nAkhavI eTale chetaravuM; dhULa paDavI eTale dhikkAra hovo; "moMmAM pANI chUTavuM eTale khAvAnuM mana thaI javuM evo artha ja ApaNe samajatA hoIe chIe. rUDhaprayogo dareka bhASAmAM hoya che ane bhASAno artha abhivyakta karavAnI zaktine e ghaNA upakAraka nIvaDe che. ghaNI vAra ekAda samucita rUDhaprayoga dvArA bhAva jeTalI sacoTatAthI vyakta thaI zake che teTalo aneka vAkyo dvArA thaI zakato nathI. dAkhalA tarIke "jJAneze vAMcI vAMcIne lohInuM pANI karI nAkhyuM, paNa enA bhAgyamAM ja jaza nahi eTale bIjuM zuM thAya ?" ema ApaNe kahIe tyAre "lohInuM pANI karI nAkhyuM" e cAra zabdo dvArA je asAdhAraNa mahenatano bhAva sUcavAya che te bIjI rIte sUcavAvo muzkela hoya che. rUDhaprayogo ane kahevato e benI vacce taphAvata che. kahevato pareparo artha vyakta karanArAM vAkyo che; tethI svataMtra vAkya tarIke ene vAparI zakAya che. rUDhaprayogo ghaNuMkharuM kriyApUraka ke vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAya che. eTale temane ekalAM vAparI zakAtA nathI, ane kriyApUraka tarIke vaparAya tyAre paNa amuka viziSTa kriyApadanI sAthe ja e vaparAtAM hoya che. dAkhalA tarIke lohInuM pANI" e zabdo pachI "karavuM" ke "thaI javuM" kriyApada ja mUkI zakAya. Ama, ghaNAkharA rUDhaprayogo amuka khAsa kriyApada sAthenAM rUDhaprApta 178

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 179 kriyApUrako hoya che ane eno rUDhArtha levAthI ja vAkyanuM tAtparya samajI zakAya che. je zabdo je kramamAM vAparavAnI bhASAnI rUDhi hoya te ja zabdo te ja kramamAM vAparavA joIe. dA.ta. ApaNe tyAM 'peTa pakaDIne hasyo' ema kahevAnI rUDhi che. tene badale 'udara pakaDIne hasyo' ema na kahevAya. tema ja DhoraDhAMkhara, vAsaNakusaNa, cIjavastu vagere zabdonI UlaTasUlaTa karIne DhAMkharaDhora, kUsaNavAsaNa, vastucIja ema kahevAya nahi. nIce thoDA prayogo ApyA che teno abhyAsa karo : (1) enA to agatyanA vAyadA hoya che. (enI mudata kadI pUrI thatI ja nathI hotI.) nAnI bahena to bAnI AMkhanI kIkI che. - (bahu ja vahAlI che.) e ema ekano be thAya tema kyAM che ? . (potAnI haTha choDe tema kyAM che ?) (4) bhAIno svabhAva ja eka ghA ne be kakaDA karavAno hato. (taDa ne phaDa, cokhecokhkhuM kahI devAno hato.) pulinane to bA maLI eTale goLanuM gADuM maLyuM. (vadhumAM vadhu gamatI vastu maLI.) anila aMdara Avyo ke tarata ja adhikArIe teno udhaDo laI nAkhyo. (ekadama dhamakAvI ja kADhyo.) (7) ema jIvatI mAkha na gaLAya. (jANI bujhIne evuM jokhamI kAma na karAya.) ATalAmAM thAkI gayA? A to hajI pAzerAmAM pahelI pUNI che. (zarUAta ja che.) (9) dilIpa jAnagaro che. (jIvanane jokhame maLI zake tevo che.) (10) ramezathI zekelo pApaDa bhAMgI zakAya tema nathI. (e tadana nabaLo ne nakAmo che.)

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180 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa kahevatoH kahevata lokajIvananA DahApaNa ane anubhavano arka che. bhASAno upayoga karatAM karatAM svAbhAvika rIte ja dareka deza ane kALanA loko jamAne jamAne kahevato joDIne kAma calAvatA hoya che.kahevato ane rUDhiprayogothI bhASA samRddha ane zaktizALI bane che. lokajIvana ane sAhityano saMparka jene hoya che te svAbhAvika rIte ja saMkhyAbaMdha kahevato jANI zake che ane teno yogya upayoga paNa karI zake che. samAnArthI kahevato : (1) kAMkare kAMkare pALa baMdhAya. TIpe TIpe sarovara bharAya. nAne koLiye jhAjhuM jamAya. dAjhayA upara DAma. paDyA upara pATu. jaza upara jUtiyAM. (3) kare cAkarI te pAme bhAkharI. kare sevA tene maLe mevA. phare te care ne bAMdhyuM bhUkhe mare. chAza levA javI ne doNI saMtADavI? hasavuM ne loTa phAkavo e be bane ? nAcavA javuM ne ghUMghaTo tANavo ? bhIkha mAgavI ne bharama rAkhavo ? viruddhArthI kahevato: (1) pArakI Aza sadA nirAza. vADa vagara velo na caDe. (2) jhAjhA hAtha raLiyAmaNA. ekaDe eka ne bagaDe che. (3) moTA eTalA khoTA. gharaDAM gADAM vALe. bole tenA bora vecAya. na bolyAmAM nava guNa. (5) jara cAhya so kara. jara, jamIna ne joru, traNa kajiyAnA choru. (6) akkarmIno paDiyo kANo. bhAgyazALIne bhUta raLe. (4)

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 181 (7) oLakhANa moTI khANa che. oLakhIto sipAI jelamAM pUre. (8) cetatA nara sadA sukhI. vadhu DAhyo vadhu kharaDAya. (9) bApa tevA beTA ne dIvA pAchaLa aMdhAruM. vaDa tevA TeTA. (10) paMca bole te paramezvara. gAmane moMe garaNuM na baMdhAya. anya udAharaNo : raMga rahevo - vAhavAha thavI; AbarU vadhavI, mukha maraDavuM - tiraskAra ke aNagamo sUcavavo. mUla AMkavuM - kadara karavI, soLe zaNagAra sajavA - pUrepUro ThATha karavo, peTamAM Aga bhaDakavI - AkuLavyAkuLa thaI javuM,hAthe karIne kUvAmAM paDavuM - jANIjoIne duHkha vahorI levuM. gheluM lagADavuM - dhUna lagADavI, jaLa mUkavuM - pratijJA levI, mAthuM mAravuM - daramiyAnagIrI karavI, sArA dahADA laIne - sagarbhAvasthAmAM, ghA veThavA - sahana karavuM, dIThAnuM jhera hovuM - jovAthI dAnata bagaDavI, nAka kapAvuM - AbarU javI, AMkha lAla thavI - gusse thavuM, banI javuM - bhoMThA paDavuM, mAe savAzera sUMTha khAvI - tAkAta hovI, AMkhanuM UMDANamApavuM - tAkAta vize khyAla bAMdhavo, peMgaDAmAM paga ghAlavo - nI barobarI karavI, moM cakAsI javuM - sAmano na karI zakavo, nAma javuM - AbarU javI, pANI jovuM - zaktinI kasoTI karavI, phATI AMkhe - cakita thaIne. ADe paDakhe thavuM sUvuM. nAma kADhavuM - kIrti meLavavI, khAlI ghUMka uDADavuM - vyartha bakavATa karavo, moranAM IMDA cItaravA na paDe - mAbApanAM lakSaNo bALakamAM sahaja Utare, jIbhamAM pANI chUTavuM - khAvAnI tIvra icchA thavI, halAla karavuM - mArI nAkhavuM, haiye caDavuM - yAda AvavuM, haiyAmAM lakhI levuM - khUba dhyAnathI noMdha levI. ekanA be na thavuM - potAnI vAtane vaLagI rahevuM, nIcI mUcha karavI - hAra kabUlavI, bhUta bharAvuM - koI dhUna vaLagavI, paDatuM mUkavuM - choDI devuM, mijAja bagaDavo - gusse thavuM, akhADA karavA - bahAnAM batAvavAM. parasevo paDavo - sakhata parizrama karavo. roTalo rAkhavo - rojI meLavavI, Utarela cahere - udAsa bhAve, jItI levuM - prabhAvita karavuM. DaMko vagADavo - jayajayakAra karavo, UjaLuM karI dekhADavuM - nAmanA vadhAravI, haLavA thavuM - ciMtAmukta thavuM, lAgI AvavuM - duHkha thavuM, nahAvA-nicovavAnuM na hovuM - koI saMbaMdha na hovo, hAthapaga DhIlA thavA - nAhiMmata thaI javuM.

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ra6. kRdaMtanA prakAra kRdaMta eTale zuM? 1. te jAya che. 1. meM tene jato joyo. 2. teNe bArI ughADI. 2. ughADI bArI meM baMdha karI. uparanA pahelA khAnAnAM vAkyomAM jAya che, ughADI - e dareka zabda kriyA batAve che ane vAkyano artha puro kare che - te dareka kriyApada che. bIjA khAnAnAM vAkyomAM jato-ughADI - e zabdo kriyA batAve che, paNa temanAthI vAkyano artha pUro thato nathI. A rIte je zabda kriyA batAve paNa kriyApadanI jema vAkyano artha pUro na kare tene kRdaMta kahe che. kaMdatanA prakAra : 1. vartamAna kaMdata: 1. UgatA sUryane sau pUje. 2. jIvato nara bhadrA pAme. uparanAM vAkyomAM UgatA', jIvato e dareka kRdaMta che. e badhAM vartamAnakALamAM thatI kriyA sUcave che. A pramANe je kaeNdata kriyAvartamAnakALamAM bane che ema sUcave che tene vartamAna kRdaMta kahe che. doDa dhAtu uparathI ATalAM vartamAna kRdaMta banI zake : doDatuM, doDato doDatI doDatA doDatAM. 2. bhUta kRdaMtaH 1. gAjyA megha varase nahi. 2. vecelo mAla pAcho levAmAM Avaze nahi. uparanAM vAkyomAM kRdaMta bhUtakALamAM thayelI kriyA sUcave che. A pramANe je kRdaMta kriyA bhUtakALamAM banI che ema sUcave che tene bhUtakRdaMta kahe che. bola dhAtu parathI ATalAM bhUtakRdaMta banAvI zakAya : bolyuM, bolI, bolyo, bolyA, bolyAM, boleluM, bolelI. bolelo, bolelA, bolelAM. 3. bhaviSya kRdaMta : 1. prathama AvanArane inAma maLaze. 2. ame maLavAnuM kAle rAkhyuM che. 182

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 183 uparanAM vAkyomAMnA kRdaMta bhaviSyakALamAM thanArI kriyA sUcave che. A pramANe je kRdaMta kriyA bhaviSyakALamAM banavAnI che ema sUcave che tene bhaviSya kRdaMta kahe che. 4. sAmAnya kRdaMta : 1. kahevuM saraLa che paNa karavuM kaThaNa che. 2. kavitA vAMcavI e jIvananI majA che. uparanAM vAkyomAMnA kRdaMta koI cokkasa kALanuM sUcana karatAM nathI. A pramANe je kRdaMta koI cokkasa kALanuM sUcana karatAM nathI tene sAmAnya kRdaMta kahe che. "kara' dhAtu parathI ATalAM sAmAnya kRdaMta banI zake : karavuM. karavI, karavo, karavA, karavAM. 5. saMbaMdhaka bhUtakRdaMtaH. 1. ATaluM vAMcIne huM pharavA jaIza. . 2. gIta sAMbhaLI sau khuza thaI gayA. uparanAM vAkyomAMnA dareka kRdaMta pachIthI banatI bIjI saMbaMdha batAvatI kriyA sUcave che. "vAMcIne 'eTale vAMcyA pachI (pharavA jaIza). sAMbhaLI eTale sAMbhaLyA pachI. A pramANe je kadaMta pachIthI banatI bIjI kriyA sAthe saMbaMdha batAvatI kriyA sUcave che tene saMbaMdhaka bhUtakRdaMta kahe che. 6. hetvarthaka kRdaMta: 1. te jamavA gayo. 2. tenI pAse rahevAne ghara nathI. uparanAM vAkyonAM kRdaMta hetuno artha sUcave che. "jamavA eTale jamavA mATe. "rahevAne eTale rahevA mATe. hetuno artha sUcavanAra kRdaMtane hetvarthaka kRdaMta kahe che. A rIte kRdaMtanA cha prakAra che. kRdaMtanA upayoga : 1. vizeSaNa tarIke : vizeSaNa nAmanA arthamAM vadhAro kare che. nIcenAM vAkyo juoH 1. doDatI chokarI paDI gaI. 2. chApelI copaDI vAMco.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 3. pIvAnuM pANI cokhkhuM rAkho, uparanAM vAkyomAM 'doDatI', 'chApelI', 'pIvAnuM' - e pado phUMdata che. 'doDatI' pada 'chokarInA arthamAM vadhAro kare che', 'chApelI' pada 'copaDI'nA arthamAM vadhAro kare che' ane 'pIvAnuM' pada 'pANI'nA arthamAM vadhAro kare che.' upara 'doDatI', 'chApelI' ne 'pIvAnuM' e pado vizeSaNa tarIke che. vaLI, e ja pado kRdaMta che. A pado kRdaMta che ane vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAyAM che kAraNa ke te pado vizeSaNanA arthamAM vadhAro kare che. A rIte kRdaMta vizeSaNa tarIke paNa vaparAya che. jyAre kRdaMta nAmanA arthamAM vadhAro kare che tyAre teno upayoga vizeSaNa tarIke thAya che. ra. nAma tarIke : nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : 184 1. kavitA gUMthatAM zIkhe che. 2. kahevuM saheluM che. chApeluM vAMcI zakAya che. 3. uparanAM vAkyomAM 'gUMthatAM', 'kahevuM', 'chApeluM' e pado kRdaMta che. pahelA vAkyamAM 'kavitA' kartA che. karma zuM che ? kriyApadane pUcho, kavitA zuM zIkhe che ? eTale karma jaDaze. ahIM 'gUMthatAM' karma che. kartA ane karma tarIke haMmezAM nAma ja hoya che. bIjA ane trIjA vAkyamAM 'kahevuM' ane 'chApeluM' kartA che. kartA haMmezAM nAma ja hoya che. ahIM A baMne kRdaMtono upayoga nAma tarIke thayo che. 'gUMthatAM' karma che. karma haMmezAM nAma ja hoya che. 'gUMthatAM' kRdaMtano upayoga ahIM nAma tarIke thayo che. TUMkamAM, kRdaMta vAkyamAM kartA ane karmane sthAne Ave tyAre teno upayoga nAma tarIke thAya che. 3. avyaya tarIke : je padamAM jAti, vacana ke vibhaktinA kAraNe koI ja pheraphAra thato nathI tene avyaya kahe che. nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : 1. jayeza jamavA gayo. 3. bALako jamavA gayAM. 2. jyoti jamavA gaI. Aje jamavAmAM majA AvI. 4. uparanAM vAkyomAM 'jamavA` pada kRdaMta che. uparanAM vAkyomAM nAmo judI judI jAtinAM che, vacanamAM paNa pheraphAra che. chellA vAkyamAM kRdaMtane

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 185 je vibhaktino pratyaya paNa lAgyo che. "jamavA padamAM koI pheraphAra thayo nathI. tethI tene avyaya kahe che. "jamavA' pada kRdaMta che ane teno upayoga avyaya tarIke thayo che. nIcenAM vAkyomAM kRdaMtano upayoga avyaya tarIke thayo che. 1. vidyArthIo bhaNIne gayA. chokarIo lakhIne sUtI. 3. tamane maLIne sau khuza thayA. 4. mArI pAse rahevA ghara nathI. 5. ramavAthI sArI kasarata maLe che. jyAre kRdaMta koI pheraphAra vinA vAkyamAM vaparAya che tyAre teno upayoga avyaya tarIke thAya che. uparanAM vAkyomAM avyaya tarIke kRdaMtano upayoga thayo che. kadetanA jAti ane vacana : ApaNe AgaLa joyuM ke nara, nArI ane nAnyatara TANa jAti che. ekavacana ane bahuvacana ema vacananA be prakAra che. vibhakti sAta che. jAti, vacana ne vibhakti to nAmane ke sarvanAmane hoya che. kRdaMtane A bAbato hoya kharI ? hA.' nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : , 1. dhoyelAM kapaDAM saune game che. 2. gAtI gItA aTakI gaI. 3. hAMphato kUtaro bhasavA lAgyo. 4. doDatAM bakarAM vacce govALa che. uparanAM vAkyomAM "dhoyelAM, "gAtI', "hAMphato, 'doDatAM e kadaMto che. dhoyelAM narajAti bahuvacanamAM che. 'gAtI' nArIjAti ekavacanamAM che. hAMphato narajAti ekavacanamAM che. "doDatAM nAnyatara jAti bahurvacanamAM che. ' Ama kRdaMtane jAti ane vacana baMne hoya che. uparanAM kRdaMto vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAyAM che. tethI te potAnAM vizeSyanAM jAti ane vacana le che. kapaDAM', 'gItA', kUtaro', 'bakarAM e pado vizeSya che. temanAM jAti ane

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186 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa vacana vizeSaNane lAge che. ahIM A vizeSaNo kRdaMta che. vizeSaNa tarIke kRdaMta vaparAya che tyAre tene jAti ane vacana hoya che. nAma tarIke paNa kRdaMtane jAti ane vacana hoya che. kRdaMtanI vibhakti H nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : taravAmAM ghaNI kasarata maLe che. tene mAravAno koI hetu nathI. tamane rokavAthI zuM phAyado ? uparanAM vAkyomAM 'taravA',' mAravA' ane 'rokavA' e kRdaMto che. A kRdaMtone 'mAM', 'no', 'thI' pratyayo lAgyA che. ahIM kRdaMto nAma tarIke vaparAyAM che. 1. 2. 3. pahelAM vAkyamAM 'taravAmAM' kRdaMta sAtamI vibhaktimAM che. bIjA vAkyamAM 'mAravAno' kRdaMta chaThThI vibhaktimAM che. trIjA vAkyamAM 'rokavAthI' kRdaMta trIjI vibhaktimAM che. nAma tarIke jyAre kRdaMta vaparAya che tyAre tene vibhaktino pratyaya paNa lAge che. kRdaMtanAM kartA ane karma : jema kriyApadane kartA ane karma hoya che tema kRdaMtane paNa kartA ane karma hoya che. ame latAne gIta gAtI joIe chIe.' * uparanA vAkyamAM 'joIe chIe' kriyApada che. 'ame' kartA che ane 'latAne' karma che. ahIM 'gAtI' e kRdaMta che. koNa gAtI ? 'latA' kRdaMtano kartA che. zuM gAtI ? 'gIta' kRdaMtanuM karma che. Ama, 'gAtI' kRdaMtane 'latA' kartA che ane 'gIta' karma che. 'gAtI' kRdaMta 'gAvuM' kriyApada parathI banyuM che. raMgAvuM' kriyApada sakarmaka che. kRdaMtanI kriyA sakarmaka hoya to tene karma paNa hoya che. latAe amitAbhane doDato joyo." ahIM 'doDato' kRdaMtano kartA 'amitAbha'che paNa karma nathI, kema

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 187 ke 'doDato' akarmaka kriyA che. kRdaMtanI kriyA akarmaka hoya to te kRdaMtane kartA hoya paNa karma na hoya. svAdhyAya 1. 2. 3. kRdaMtanA vividha upayogo jaNAvo. kRdaMtanA judA judA prakArono paricaya Apo. nIcenAM vAkyomAMnAM kRdaMta oLakhAvI te darekanAM kAma lakho : koInuM ApeluM kyAM sudhI rahe ? 1. 2. vahelA UThIne pharavA jAo. chApelI kiMmate pustako maLaze. prathama AvanAra vidyArthIne inAma maLaze. ghaNAMne khAtAM khAtAM vAta karavAnI Teva hoya che. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. pharatAnuM nasIba pharatuM, ane beThelAnuM beTheluM. 12. sAMbhaLeluM bhUlI javAya che, joyeluM bhulAtuM nathI. janArAne jhAlI zarkanAra koNa ? 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 19. 20. 18. cetatA nara sadA sukhI. parIkSAmAM badhuM beThuM AvyuM che. gIta sAMbhaLIne sau khuza thaI gayA. 21. AvI maLavA paNa besADI daLavA. e majUrI karI gujarAna calAve che. 23. muMbaI javAnI gADI rAtre Avaze. 22. kRSNanAM vacana sAMbhaLI arjuna yuddha karavA taiyAra thayo. nadInuM mULa zodhavuM ane jovuM e eka lahAvo che. huM moTara calAvatAM zIkhI gayo. bhaNatAM paMDita nIpaje, lakhatAM lahiyo thAya. bhAMgyAM haiyAM pharI nathI thatAM koI kALe rasIlAM. UgatA sUryane sau koI pUje. gAjyA megha varase nahi. pramANika dhaMdho karavAmAM zarama zAnI ? hada uparAMta khAvAthI tabiyata bagaDe che.

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188 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 24. tenI pAse rahevAne ghara nathI. 25. UMghato bole paNa jAgato bole nahi. 4. nIcenAM vAkyomAMnAM kRdaMtanI vibhakti kaho : 1. tamane kahevAmAM mane zo vAMdho ? 2. garIbane ApavAthI AnaMda Ave che. 3. ahIM AvavAno tamAro hetu zo che ? mArA kahyAthI tame ahIM AvyA cho ? A te hasavAmAMthI khasavuM thayuM. pahelAM AvanArane inAma maLaze. e vAta kahevAmAM kaMI sAra nathI. 8. ghaNA lokone khAvAnAM paNa sAMsAM che. bhaNanAre dhyAnathI vAMcavuM. j j 4 M $ $ $

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ra7. kriyAvizeSaNanA prakAra kriyAvizeSaNa eTale zuM? nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : 1. chokaro doDyo. 2. chokarI doDI. 3. chokarAM doDyAM. uparanAM vAkyomAM kriyApadanAM traNe rUpo badalAyAM che. je padonA rUpamAM jAtivacana pramANe pheraphAra thAya temane vyayI pado athavA vikArI pado kahe che. have nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : 1. gAyo tyAM UbhI che. 2. baLada tyAM Ubho che. 3. UMTa tyAM UbhuM che. vAkyamAM je padanA rUpamAM kadI paNa pheraphAra thato nathI tevAM padone avyaya kahe che. have nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco :* 1. chokaro tyAM Ubho che. 2. chokarI tyAM UbhI che. 3. vINA roja vAMce che. 4. araviMda sAMje vAMce che. pahelA vAkyamAM Ubho che e kriyApada che. tyAM Ubho che. Ama 'tyAM zabda kriyAnuM sthaLa batAve che. sAthe sAthe tyAM zabda kriyApadanAarthamAM vadhAro kare che. trIjA vAkyamAM vAMce che e kriyApada che. kyAre vAMce che? roja. Ama roja' zabda kriyApadano samaya batAve che. sAthe sAthe roja kriyApadanA arthamAM vadhAro kare che. kriyApadanA arthamAM vadhAro karanAra zabdane kriyAvizeSaNa kahe che. tyAM ane "roja kriyAvizeSaNa che. kriyAvizeSaNa kriyApadanA arthamAM vadhAro karatuM hovAthI vAkyamAMthI tene laI levAmAM Ave to vAkyano artha adhUro lAgato nathI. uparanAM vAkyomAMthI kriyAvizeSaNo laI levAthI A hakIkata samajAze. koI vAra vAkyamAM kriyAvizeSaNanA arthamAM vadhAro karanAra zabda vaparAya che. dA.ta. anila bahu-ghaNo moDo Avyo. AvA zabdane 189

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190 kriyAvizeSaNanuM vizeSaNa kahe che. prakAra : (1) rItivAcaka kriyAvizeSaNa : 1. kalpeza utAvaLo doDe che. 2. saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa rAgiNI beThI beThI gAyA kare che. uparanAM vAkyomAM AvelAM kriyAvizeSaNa kriyAnI rIta batAve che. 'utAvaLo' e kriyAvizeSaNa doDavAnI rIta batAve che. aeThI beThI gAvAnI rIta batAve che. AvAM TharIta banAvanAra kriyAvizeSaNane rItivAcaka kriyAvizeSaNa kahe che. (2) kALavAcaka kriyAvizeSaNa : 1. kalpeza vahelo Avyo. 2. pulina moDo gayo. uparanAM vAkyomAMnA kriyAvizeSaNa kriyAno kALa batAve che. AvAM kALa batAvanAra kriyAvizeSaNane kALavAcaka kriyA-vizeSaNa kahe che. (3) sthaLavAcaka kriyAvizeSaNa : 1. neha heTho beTho che. 2. zaila nIce Ubho che. uparanAM vAkyomAMnAM kriyAvizeSaNa kriyAnuM sthaLa batAve che. AvAM sthaLa batAvanAra kriyAvizeSaNane sthaLavAcaka kriyA-vizeSaNa kahe che. (4) parimANavAcaka kriyAvizeSaNa : 1. sAketa ghaNuM raDyo. 2. hemendrane thoDuM vAgyuM che. uparanAM vAkyomAM kriyAvizeSaNa pramANa-mApa eTale parimANa batAve che. AvAM kriyAvizeSaNane parimANavAcaka kriyAvizeSaNa kahe che. (5) kramavAcaka kriyAvizeSaNa : 1. dilIpa pahelo Avyo. 2. divyA chellI AvI. uparanAM vAkyomAM kriyAvizeSaNa kriyAno krama batAve che. AvAM kriyAvizeSaNane kramavAcaka kriyAvizeSaNa kahe che.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa A rIte kriyAvizeSaNanA pAMca prakAra che H rItivAcaka, kALavAcaka, sthaLavAcaka, parimANavAcaka ane kramavAcaka. svAdhyAya 1. nIcenAM vAkyomAMthI kriyAvizeSaNa zodhI temanA prakAra jaNAvo : 1. tame vahelA Avo to kAma patI jAya. 2.. 3. 4. pa. 6. 191 utAvaLe AMbA pAkatA nathI. upendra ociMto paDI gayo. tAvathI daradI dhrUje che. doDavAnI harIphAImAM prajJA prathama AvI. UMcInIcI pharyA kare jIvananI ghaTamALa.

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28. padaprakAronI keTalIka viziSTa paristhitio keTalAMka pado potAnA mULa padaprakArathI judA padaprakAramAM paNa AvI zake che, jemake, saMjJA-pada vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAyuM hoya ke vizeSaNa-padasaMjJA tarIke vaparAyuM hoya. saMjJA-padono anya padaprakAra tarIke prayoga : saMjJA vizeSaNa tarIke : nIcenA vAkyo vAMco : 1. "A prazna zikSaNa khAtAne lagato gaNAya. ahIM zikSaNa e saMjJA che, paNa "zikSaNa khAtuM ema kahIe tyAre zikSaNanI bAbato aMge kAma karatuM khAtuM evo artha thAya che. Ama, 'zikSaNanI bAbato aMge kAma karatuM e padasamUhano artha 'zikSaNa padathI darzAvAyo che. eTale A vAkayamAM zikSaNa saMjJA vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAI che. 2. "bhAvanagaranuM bora taLAva A varSe chalakAI gayuM. ahIM bora saMjJA "bora nAmanuM e arthamAM vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAI che. 3. gujarAtanuM pATanagara gAMdhInagara che. ahIM pATanagara e saMjJA gAMdhInagara e saMjJA-padanI vizeSatA batAve che. eTale te vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAI che. 4. A DabAmAM eka kilo ghI che. ahIM 'kilo saMjJAno artha 'kilo jeTaluM thAya che. te ghInI vizeSatA batAve che eTale te vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAI che. vizeSaNa-padono anya padaprakAramAM prayoga : (1) vizeSaNa saMjJA tarIke : nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : 1. 'tamArI pAse dasa rUpiyAnI hoya to pAMca Apo. ahIM pAMca vizeSaNanuM vizeSya rUpiyA adhyAta che eTale e vizeSaNa saMjJA tarIke vaparAyuM che. 2. "nAnA moTAne anusare e duniyAno krama che." ahIM nAno ane moTo eTale anukrame "nAno mANasa ane moTo mANasa: mANasa 192

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- 193 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa vizeSyarUpa pada adhyAta che eTale "nAno ane moTo e vizeSaNo saMjJA tarIke vaparAyAM che. 3. "A DaoNkTaranI davAthI ene sAruM thaI gayuM. ahIM "sAruM vizeSaNa thaI gayuM' kriyApadanA kartA tarIke AvyuM che, eTale ke saMjJA tarIke vaparAyuM che. "sAruM' eTale "sArI sthiti. (2) vizeSaNa kriyAvizeSaNa tarIke : nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : 1. "meM ene khUba samajAvyuM. paNa e mAnyo nahi. ahIM khUba vizeSaNa 'samajAvyuM kriyApadanA vizeSaNa tarIke kAma kare che eTale te kriyAvizeSaNa tarIke AvyuM che. 2. 'huM tamAruM kAma cokkasa karIza'.ahIM "cokkasa vizeSaNa karIza kriyApadanA vizeSaNa tarIke kAma karatuM hovAthI kriyA-vizeSaNa che. 3. "amArA zikSake amane vyAkaraNa sarasa samajAvyuM. ahIM sarasa vizeSaNa "samajAvyuM kriyApadanA vizeSaNa tarIke AvyuM hovAthI jyiAvizeSaNa che. (3) vizeSaNa saMyojaka tarIke : - nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : , 1. "jevuM kAma karIe tevuM phaLa maLe. ahIM jevuM-tevuM e pado vizeSaNa tarIke rahIne saMyojaka tarIkenI kAmagIrI paNa bajAve che. 2. jeTaluM dhana kamAIzuM teTaluM vAparIzuM. ahIM jeTaluM-teTaluM e vizeSaNo saMyojaka tarIke paNa vaparAyAM che. 3. "je mANase kadI pApana karyuM hoya te pahelo patharo pheke. ahIM je-te e vizeSaNo saMyojaka tarIke paNa AvyAM che. sarvanAmano anya padaprakAramAM prayoga : sarvanAma saMyojaka tarIke : nIcenuM vAkya vAMcoH je khADo khode te paDe. ahIM je-te e sarvanAmo che ane sAthe sAthe saMyojaka tarIke be vAkyone joDavAnuM kAma paNa kare che.

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194 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa kriyAvizeSaNano anya padaprakAramAM prayoga : kriyAvizeSaNa saMyojaka tarIke nIcenAM vAkyo vAMcoH 1. vADImAM meM jyAM joyuM tyAM badhe gulAla ja gulAla hatAM. ahIM jyAM-tyAM e adhikaraNavAcaka kriyAvizeSaNo che ane sAthe sAthe be vAkyone joDatAM hovAthI saMyojaka paNa che. 2. "jyAre enAthI UbhA na rahevAyuM, tyAre enuM laDavAnuM jora ghaTyuM. ahIM "jyAre-tyAre e samayavAcaka kriyAvizeSaNo che ane sAthesAthe be vAkyone joDatAM hovAthI saMyojaka paNa che. ekathI vadhu prakAranAM pado : - keTalAMka pado ekathI vadhu padaprakAramAM Ave che. AvAM padono ApaNe paricaya meLavIe sarvanAma ane vizeSaNa tarIke AvatAM pado : 'A', 'e', "je', 'te', "', "kazuM, kaI', 'koI' - A pado saMjJAne badale vaparAyAM hoya tyAre sarvanAma hoya che ane saMjJAnA arthamAM vadhAro karatAM hoya tyAre "vizeSaNa hoya che; jemake, 1. "A jANIne mane khUba AnaMda thayo. (sarvanAma) paraMtu, A vAta jANIne mane khUba AnaMda thayo. (vizeSaNa) 2. "je kharIdIe tenI guNavattA tapAsI levI joIe. (sarvanAma) paraMtu, "je cIja kharIdIe tenI guNavattA tapAsI levI joIe. (vizeSaNa) vizeSaNa ane nAmayogI tarIke AvatAM pado : sAmuM, 'viruddha vagere keTalAMka pado saMjJAnA arthamAM vadhAro karatAM hoya tyAre vizeSaNa' hoya che ane saMjJA ke sarvanAma pachI AvatAM hoya tyAre nAmayogI hoya che jemake. 1. "sAmuM ghara konuM che ?" (vizeSaNa) paraMtu, - 'huM enA gharanI sAmuM joto nathI. (nAmayogI) 2. "vaDIlo samakSa karaNa kadI viruddha vacana bolato nathI'. (vizeSaNa) paraMtu karaNa koInI viruddha kazuM bole evo nathI.' (nAmayogI) A vizeSaNone kriyAvizeSaNa tarIke paNa vAparI zakAya che jemake,

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 1. 'lazkara sAme AvyuM'. (kriyAvizeSaNa) 2. 'gharamAM te kadI viruddha varto nathI'. (kriyAvizeSaNa) kriyAvizeSaNa ane nAmayogI tarIke AvatAM pada : 1. 'upara', 'nIce', 'aMdara', 'bahAra' vagere keTalAMka pado kriyApadanA arthamAM vizeSatA batAvatAM hoya tyAre 'kriyAvizeSaNa'hoya che ane saMjJA ke sarvanAma pachI AvatAM hoya tyAre 'nAmayogI' hoya che; jemake, 'jarA upara Avo'. (kriyAvizeSaNa) paraMtu, jarA chAparAnI upara Avo'. (nAmayogI) 'te nIce gayo'. (kriyAvizeSaNa) paraMtu, 'teNe Tebala nIce joyuM". (nAmayogI) vizeSaNa ane nipAta tarIke AvatuM pada : 'kharo', 'kharI', 'kharuM' e pada saMjJAnA arthamAM vadhAro kare tyAre 'vizeSaNa' hoya che ane kriyApadane bhArapUrvaka rajU kare tyAre 'nipAta' hoya che: jemake, 1 2. 195 mArI pAse kharI vAta AvI che.' (vizeSaNa) paraMtu, mArI pAse vAta AvI che kharI.' (nipAta) have kharo AraMbha thAya che.' (vizeSaNa) paraMtu, have AraMbha thAya che kharo.' (nipAta) nAmayogI ane saMyojaka tarIke AvatAM pada : 'chatAM', 'mATe jevAM keTalAMka pado saMjJA ke sarvanAma pachI Ave tyAre 'nAmayogI hoya che ane be vAkyone joDatAM hoya tyAre 'saMyojaka' hoya che; jema ke, 1. pitAjInI vAta sAcI hovA chatAM koIe mAnI nahi.' (nAmayogI) paraMtu, pitAjInI vAta sAcI hatI chatAM koIe mAnI nahi.' (saMyojaka) A hIMcako bALako mATe che.' (nAmayogI) paraMtu, bAgamAM hIMcako che mATe bALako ramavA Ave che.' (saMyojaka) saMyojaka ane nipAta tarIke vaparAtAM pado : 'ne', 'to' ane 'paNa' e pado be vAkyone joDatAM hoya tyAre

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196 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa saMyojaka hoya che ane kriyApadane bhArathI rajU karatAM hoya tyAre nipAta hoya che; jemake, 1. "vAMcazo to pAsa thazo." (saMyojaka) paraMtu, e aMte pAsa to thayo." (nipAta) 'tuM bhaNyo paNa gaNyo nahi." (saMyojaka) paraMtu, "tuM bhaNyo paNa nahi ne gaNyo paNa nahi." (nipAta) . 3. moTA bhAI AvyA ne samAdhAna thaI gayuM. (saMyojaka) paraMtu, moTA bhAI AvyA tethI samAdhAna thaI gayuM ne ?" (nipAta) svAdhyAya (1) nIcenAM vAkyomAMthI vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAyelAM saMjJA-pado tAravI batAvo : mArI putrI kAnane dALabhAta taiyAra karyA. - "putrI saMjJA vizeSaNa tarIke. be mITara kApaDa tamAre mATe pUratuM che. - mITara' saMjJA vizeSaNa tarIke, amadAvAda zaheramAM mANekanAtha bAvo raheto hato. amadAvAda ane "mANekanAtha saMjJAo vizeSaNa tarIke. 4. gADI pAMca miniTa moDI che. - 'miniTa saMjJA vizeSaNa tarIke. ApaNe pAMca kilomITara rasto bAMdhavAno che. - kilomITara saMjJA vizeSaNa tarIke. (2) nIcenAM vAkyomathI vizeSaNa pado tAravI batAvo ane e vizeSaNa tarIke, saMjJA tarIke, kriyAvizeSaNa tarIke ke saMyojaka tarIke vaparAyela che te kaho : 1. tane ekAvana prakAranI UDa AvaDe che paNa mane eka ja AvaDe che. uttara : ahIM ekAvana e pada "prakAra saMjJAnA vizeSaNa tarIke ane prakAranI' e pada UDa' saMjJAnA vizeSaNa tarIke tathA "eka vizeSaNa saMjJA tarIke che.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 197 2. AvI TIkAthI mane mAThuM lAgyuM. uttaraH ahIM 'AvI e pada 'TIkA saMjJAnA vizeSaNa tarIke ane mAThuM e vizeSaNa saMjJA tarIke ApyuM che. 3. barAbara besaje, hoM ! uttara : ahIM barAbaravizeSaNa kriyAvizeSaNa tarIke AvyuM che. 4. keTalIka vAra pAMdaDuM jeTaluM joIe teTaluM moTuM nathI hotuM. uttara : ahIM 'jeTaluM-teTaluM vizeSaNo saMyojaka tarIke ane "moTuM vizeSaNa saMjJA tarIke Avyo che. 5. bUTa paheratI vakhate mAre pitAzrIne pUchavuM paDatuM ke jamaNo kyo ane DAbo kyo. uttara : ahIM 'paheratI' e saMjJAnA vizeSaNa tarIke ane DAbo tathA 'jamaNo' e vizeSaNo saMjJA tarIke AvyAM che. 6. bhagavAna tamAruM bhaluM karo ! uttara : ahIM 'bhaluM vizeSaNa saMjJA tarIke AvyuM che. 7. jevuM karIe tevuM pAmIe. uttara : ahIM jevuM-tevuM e vizeSaNa - pado saMyojaka tarIke AvyAM che. 8. mUDha loko bIjAnI buddhi vaDe ja cAle che. uttara : ahIM mUDha e pada vizeSa tarIke ane bIjAnI' e vizeSaNa pada saMjJA tarIke AvyAM che.

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ra9. vAkya prakAro ane parivartana artha ane racanAnI dRSTie vAkyanA judA judA prakAro gujarAtI bhASAmAM jovA maLe che. A judA judA prakAronI vAkyaracanAnI khAsiyato TUMkamAM nIce pramANe che : vidhAnavAkya ane praznavAkya : je vAkya koI hakIkatanuM nivedana kare tene nivedanavAkya ke vidhAnavAkya kahe che; jemake, narmada sudhArAvAdI hato. je vAkyamAM hakIkatavize prazna karavAmAM Avyo hoya tene prazravAkya kahe che; jemake, '(zuM) narmada sudhArAvAdI hato ? prazravAkya vize eka vAta khAsa noMdhapAtra che. keTalAMka prazravAkyo kharekhara praznano artha dharAvatAM nathI hotAM. vAkyanI racanA prazravAkyanI hoya, chatAM tAtparya prazna pUchavAnuM na hoya paNa kazuMka vidhAna karavAnuM hoya; jemake, 1. "ene zAnuM duHkha che ?' A prazravAkya che. koInA duHkha vize jANavA mATe e vaparAyuM nathI; UlaTuM ema kahevA mATe vaparAyuM che ke "ene kazAnuM duHkha nathI, eTale ke enuM tAtparya vidhAnavAkyanuM ja che. uparanA prazravAkyane vidhAnavAkyamAM Ama pheravI zakAya ? ene kazAnuM duHkha nathI." 2. "eka AMkhe kAma karavuM zI rIte phAve?" (prazravAkya) eka AMkhe kAma karavuM na phAve." (vidhAnavAkya) 3. "devonI paNa ochI durdazA che ?" (prazravAkya) - 'devonI paNa ochI durdazA nathI. ghaNI durdazA che." (vidhAnavAkya) 4. "zuM bhAratamAM vANIsvAtaMtrya nathI ?" (prazravAkya) "bhAratamAM vANIsvAtaMtrya che." (vidhAnavAkyo praznavAkyane vidhAnavAjyamAM pheravatI vakhate ApaNe praznasUcaka pado dUra karyA, vAkyamAM nakAra hato te dUra karyo athavA koI padane sthAne viruddha arthanuM padamUkyuM. TUMkamAM, virodhI artha ApatuM vAkya banAvavA mATe je karavuM joIe te karyuM. 198

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa prazravAkyane vidhAnavAkyamAM pheravatI vakhate praznavAkya hakArAtmaka hoya to vidhAnavAkya nakAsatmaka bane che ane praznavAkya nakArAtmaka hoya to vidhAnavAkya hakArAtmaka bane che. 199 vidhAnavAkya, praMzravAkya ane udgAravAkya H je vAkyamAM koI hakIkata vize AnaMda ke Azcarya ke evo koI bhAva pragaTa thato hoya tene udgAravAkya kahe che. udgAravAkya keTalIka vAra racanAnI dRSTie vidhAnavAkya ke praznavAkya jevuM ja hoya che; jemake, 1. 'te badhuM ja khAya che.' (vidhAnavAkya) 2. te badhuM ja khAya che ?' (prazravAkya) 3. te badhuM ja khAya che !' (udgAravAkya) uparanAM traNe vAkyonI padaracanA sarakhI che. traNe vAkyone judAM pADavA traNa judAM judAM virAmacihno vaparAyAM che. paraMtu bolavAmAM zuM thAya ? A vAkyo bolAya che tyAre badhAM vAkyonA Aroha-avaroha judA paDe che. udgAravAkyanA Aroha-avaroha vidhAnavAkya ane prazravAkyanA Aroha-avarohathI judA hoya che ane e to 'te badhuM ja khAya che !' e vAkya AzcaryanA bhAva sAthe bolAya tyAre ja samajAya. paraMtu udgAravAkyomAM, ghaNI vAra 'kevuM', 'keTaluM', 'zuM' vagere guNavAcaka ane pramANavAcaka pado Azcarya vagere bhAvane pragaTa karavA mATe vaparAya che; jemake, 1. 'narmada kevo sudhArAvAdI hato !' 2. "prabhunI A sRSTi keTalI AzcaryathI bharelI che !'. 3. 'zuM tenuM saundarya !' udgAravAkyo keTalIka vAra kriyApada vagaranAM ane keTalIka vAra eka zabdanAM paNa hoya che; jemake, 1. kevuM bhayAnaka dazya !' 2. 'zAbAza enI bahAdurIne !' 3. 'aphasosa !' vidhAnavAkyane ugAravAkyamAM ane udgAravAkyane vidhAna

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200 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa vAkyamAM pheravavuM hoya to temAM kevA pheraphAra thAya che te samajavA nIcenAM vAkyo tapAso : 1. mArI pAse ghaNuM sarasa citra che. vidhAnavAkya) mArI pAse kevuM sarasa citra che ! (udgAravAkya) 2. enI trADa atyaMta bhayaMkara che. (vidhAnavAkya) kevI bhayaMkara enI trADa ! (ugAravAkya) 3. A mANasa keTalo hoziyAra che ! (udgAravAkya) A mANasa bahu hoziyAra che. (vidhAnavAkya) 4. zuM sohAmaNuM e dazya ! (udgAravAkya) e dazya khUba ja sohAmaNuM hatuM. (vidhAnavAkya). uparanAM vAkyo jotAM spaSTa thAya che ke vidhAnavAkyane udgAravAkyamAM pheravatI vakhate atizayatAsUcaka pado hoya to te dUra karI, "kevuM, keTaluM, "vagere guNavAcaka ke pramANavAcaka pado mUkavAM paDe che. udgAravAkyamAMthI vidhAnavAkya banAvavuM hoya to ethI UlaTo pheraphAra karavo paDe ane kriyApada na hoya to umeravuM paDe che. vidhivAkya ane niSedhavAkya : hakAravALuM vAkya te vidhivAkya ane nakAravALuM vAkya te niSedhavAkya kahevAya che jemake, 'tame sAcuM bolo cho. A vidhivAkya che. 'tame sAcuM bolatA nathI. A niSedhavAkya che. vidhivAkyanuM niSedhavAkyamAtracheDe nahi umeravAthI ja thatuM nathI. enI bIjI paNa rIto che. niSedha mATe nahi uparAMta ana ane AzcaryamAM mA" paNa vaparAya che. 'mA' sAmAnya rIte vAkyAne Ave che; jemake, enI sAthe vAta kara. A vidhivAkya che. . tene niSedhavAkyamAM Ama pheravI zakAya : enI sAthe vAta kara mA. . * nI kriyApadanI ke vidheyakhaMDanI pahelAM ke vAkyanI zarUAtamAM paNa

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 201 AvI zake che. nahi paNa kriyApadanI pahelAM AvI zake che; jemake, 1. e sabhAmAM roja jAya. (vidhivAkya) e sabhAmAM roja na jAya. (niSedhavAkya) 2. Aje varasAda paDyo. ( vidhivAkya) Aje varasAda paDyo nahi. (niSedhavAkya) na hato nuM "nahoto thAya che ane "nahoto sahAyakAraka kriyApada tarIke hoya tyAre mukhya kriyApadanI AgaLa temaja pAchaLa baMne rIte AvI zake che; jemake, 1. e doDI zakato hato. (vidhivAkya). e doDI zakato nahoto. (niSedhavAkya) e doDI nahoto zakato. (niSedhavAkya) 2. huM e kAma karavA mAgato hato. (vidhivAkya) huM e kAma karavA mAgato nahoto. (niSedhavAkya) huM e kAma karavA nahoto mAgato. (niSedhavAkya) vidhivAkyamAM nuM (chuM che. cho, chIe paikI) koI rUpa hoya to niSedhavAkyamAM tenI jagyAe 'nathI mukAye; jemake, 1. te pustako kAmanAM che. (vidhivAkya) te pustako kAmanAM nathI. (niSedhavAkya) 2. tame jamyA cho ? (vidhivAkya) tame jamyA nathI ? (niSedhavAkya) - atyAra sudhI ApaNe vidhivAkyane niSedhavAkyamAM pheravatI vakhate phakta hakArAtmaka arthane nakArAtmaka arthamAM badalyo ane ema karatAM mULa vAkyano artha badalAI jAya che, e joyuM. paraMtu vAkya-rUpAntaranA niyama pramANe vidhivAkyane niSedhavAkyamAM pheravavuM hoya to mULa artha ke bhAva badalAya nahi te dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM paDe che. ' - nIcenAM vAkyone niSedhavAkyamAM kevI rIte pheravyAM che teno abhyAsa karo : 1. tame sAcuM bolo cho. (vidhivAkya) *

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202 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa - tame khoTuM bolatA nathI. (niSedhavAya) 2. e doDI zakato hato. (vidhivAkyo . e doDavA azakta nahoto. (niSedhavAkya) 3. mArA pitAjI nirvyasanI che. (vidhivAkya) | mArA pitAjIne kazuM vyasana nathI. (niSedhavAkya) 4. A vAta dAdAjI ja jANe che. (vidhivAkya) " A vAta dAdAjI sivAya bIjuM koI jANatuM nathI. . (niSedhavAkya) 5. kamaleza azAMta rahyo. (vidhivAkya) kamaleza zAMta thayo nahi. (niSedhavAkya) 6. huM sAcuM ja kahuM chuM. (vidhivAkya) . " huM khoTuM kaheto ja nathI. (niSedhavAkya) uparanAM vAkyo jotAM samajAze ke vidhivAkyane niSedhavAkyamAM temaja niSedhavAkyane vidhivAkyamAM, arthAt bhAva badalAya nahi e rIte. pheravatI vakhate hakArAtmaka yiApadane nakArAtmaka kriyApadamAM ke nakArAtmaka kriyApadane hakArAtmaka kriyApadamAM badalavAmAM Ave che ane vAkyamAMnA amuka zabdane badale virodhI arthavALo zabda mukAya che. vartamAnakALa ane bhUtakALanI racanA : nIcenAM vAkyo vAMco : 1. huM bApujInI pAse nakha kapAvuM chuM. (vartamAnakALanI vAkyaracanA) meM bApujI pAse nakha kapAvyA. (bhUtakALanI vAkyaracanA) 2. tuM bahenane vAta kahe che. vartamAnakALanI vAkyaracanA) te bahenane vAta kahI. (bhUtakALanI vAkyaracanA) uparanAM vAkyomAM vartamAnakALanI vAkyaracanAmAM huM ane tuM kartAo che. e koI jAtanA anuga lAgyA vinAnAM anukrame pahelA puruSa ekavacana ane bIjA puruSa ekavacananAM sarvanAma-rUpo che. kapAvuM chuM ane 'kahe che e kriyApado che. e paNa anukrame pahelo puruSa ekavacana ane

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 203 bIjo puruSa ekavacana batAve che. eTale ke kartAne anulakSIne kriyApado AvelAM che. have bhUtakALanI vAkyaracanA juo. emAM meM ane teM kartA-pado che. eTale ke "e-anugavALAM sarvanAma-rUpo che. kapAvyA ane kahI kriyApado che. e anukrame puMlliMga bahuvacana ane strIliMga ekavana batAve che. nakha karma che. ane te puMlliMga barvacanamAM che. vAta karma che ane te strIliMganA ekavacanamAM che. Ama ahIM kriyApado karmane anulakSIne AvelAM che. vartamAnakALanI.vAkyaracanAne bhUtakALamAM pheravavI hoya to kartAne 'e anuga lagADavo paDe ane kriyApada tarIke karmanAM liMga-vacana letuM bhUtakRdaMta kriyApada tarIke vAparavuM paDe. - bhUtakALanI vAkyaracanAne vartamAnakALamAM pheravavI hoya to kartAnuM 'e anuga vinAnuM rUpa vAparavuM paDe ane bhUtakRdaMtanI jagyAe katAnA puruSavacana pramANenuM kriyApada-rUpa vAparavuM paDe. sAdI ane preraka vAkyaracanA : kriyApadamAM jyAre kriyA karavA preravAno artha hoya tyAre vAkyaracanA preraka bane che. bALaka dUdha pIe che." e sAdI vAkyaracanA che, paNa mAtA bALakane dUdha pAya che. e preraka vAkyaracanA che. pahelA vAkyamAM bALaka pIvAnI kriyA kare che eTalo ja artha che. bIjA vAkyamAM mAtA bALakane pIvAnI kriyA karavA prere che evo artha che. . sAdI ane preraka vAkyaracanAmAM eTalI ja phera che ke preraka vAkyaracanAmAM kriyApada prerakavALuM hoya che. nIce sAdI vAkyaracanAone preraka vAkyaracanAomAM kaI rIte pheravela che te juo : (1) huM vArtA vAMcuM chuM huM vArtA vaMcAvuM chuM. (2) stutie gIta gAyuM H stutie gIta gavaDAvyuM. ahIM mULa kartAne ja preraka kartA banAvI dIdho che. (3) huM vArtA vAMcuM chuM. huM pulina pAse vArtA vaMcAvuM chuM. (4) stutie gIta gAyuM H stutie hetalane gIta gavaDAvyuM.

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24 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa A vAkyamAM preraka racanA karatI vakhate "prerita kartAo umerela che. prerita kartA eTale jenI pAse kAma karAvyuM hoya te. uparanI preraka vAkyaracanAomAM 'pulina' ane hetale prerita kartAo che. prerita kartA 'pAse nAmayogIthI ke tene anugathI darzAvela che. (5) huM vArtA vAMcuM chuM pitAjI mane vArtA vaMcAve che.. pitAjI mArI pAse vArtA vaMcAve che. (6) stutie gIta gAyuM H hinAe stutine gIta gavaDAvyuM. hinAe stuti pAse gIta gavaDAvyuM. ahIM kartA huM ane "stutiene ne anuga tathA "pAse nAmayogI lagADIne prerita kartA banAvela che. temaja pitAjI ane hinAe e navA preraka kartAo umerela che. (7) jhADa paDyuM : mALIe jhADa pADyuM. (8) bALaka hase che : mAtA bALakane hasAve che. ahIM paDavuM" ane "hase che' e akarmaka kriyApado preraka vAkyaracanAmAM sakarmaka banyAM che ane prerita kartAoe karmanuM sthAna lIdhuM che. (9) jhADa paDyuMH mALIe jhADa pADyuM. zeThe mALI pAse jhADa paDAvyuM. (10) aruNA patra lakhe che : mA aruNAne patra lakhAve che. pitAjI mA mAraphata aruNAne patra lakhAvaDAve che. uparathI preraka vAkyaracanA parathI puna:preraka vAkyaracanA thayelI che. 'paDavuMnuM preraka kriyApada pADavuM ane punaH preraka kriyApada 'paDAvavuM thAya che, temaja lakhavuMnuM preraka kriyApada lakhAvavuM ane puna:preraka kriyApada 'lakhAvarAvavuM thAya che. TUMkamAM, sAdA vAkyane preraka vAkyamAM pheravatI vakhate mULa kartAne ja preraka kartA banAvI zakAya che. preraka vAkyamAM jenI pAse kAma karAvavuM hoya te prerita kartA umeravo hoya to umerI zakAya che. prerita kartA ane anugathI ke 'pAse', 'dvArA, 'mAraphata jevAM nAmayogIothI darzAvAya che. mULa kartAne prerita kartA banAvI daI, navo preraka kartA umerIne paNa preraka vAkya banAvI zakAya che. akarmaka kriyApado preraka vAkyaracanAmAM sakarmaka bane che ane prerita rtA karmanuM sthAna le che. preraka vAkyaracanA parathI bIjI

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 205 preraka vAkyaracanA - puna:preraka vAkyaracanA paNa banAvI zakAya che. kartari, karmaNi ane bhAve racanAo : je vAkyamAM kartAnI pradhAnatA hoya eTale ke kartAnI sakriyatA darzAvAI hoya tene kartarivAkya kahe che. kartarivAjyamAM keTalAMka kriyApada rUpo kartAne anusare che, to keTalAMka karmane anusare che : vartamAnakALa, bhaviSyakALa, AjJArtha, vartamAna kRdaMtanAM rUpo kartAlakSI che; to bhUtakALa, bhUtavRMda ane vidhyartha kRdaMtanAM rUpo karmalakSI che; jemake, kartAlakSI kartarivAkya karmalakSI kartarivAjya (1) huM tane pustaka ApuM chuM. (1) meM tane pustaka ApyuM. tuM mane pustaka Ape che. te mane pustaka ApyuM. (2) tuM gIta gAje. (2) tAre karma karavuM. tame gIta gAjo. tamAre vArtA kahevI. je vAkyamAM karmanI pradhAnatA hoya eTale ke karma kartAne sthAne hoya tene karmaNivAkya kahe che. karmaNivAkyamAM kriyApada karmane anusare che; jema ke, kartari vAkya karmaNi vAkya (1) huM kavitA gAuM chuM. mArAthI kavitA gavAya che. (2) meM dilIpane vAta kahI. mArAthI dilIpane vAta kahevAI. (3) tuM tArI pharaja bajAvavAno- tArAthI tArI pharaja bajAvAnI nathI. nathI. (4) e loko vahemane poSI e lokothI vahema poSAI * rahyA che. rahyo che. karma na hovAne kAraNe je vAkyamAM kriyAbhAvanI mukhyatA pragaTa thatI hoya ane kartA kriyAne sahenAra hoya tene bhAvevAkya kahe che. bhAvevAkyamAM kriyApada kartAthI svataMtra rIte trIjo puruSa ekavacana ane napuMsakaliMgamAM Ave che; jema ke, kartarivAkya bhAvevAkya 1. dhIraja have lakhaze.. . dhIrajathI have lakhAze. 2. neha doDe che. nehathI doDAya che. 3. huM jaIza nahi.' mArAthI javAze nahi. 4. tuM hasyo. tArAthI hasAyuM.

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206 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa karmaNiracanAmAM ke bhAveracanAmAM kartA keTalIka vAra taraphathI sAthe Ave che, to kyAreka ne anuga le che. jemake, rtarivAkya karmaNivAkyabhAvevAkya 1. e saMsthA dararoja garIbone . e saMsthA taraphathI dararoja bhojana Ape che. garIbone bhojana apAya che. 2. tuM samajyo nahi. tane samajAyuM nahi. have, nIcenA vAkyo juo : 1. sarakAre sacina teMDulakaranuM bahumAna karyuM. (kartarivAkya) sarakAra taraphathI sacina teMDulakaranuM bahumAna karavAmAM AvyuM. (karmaNivAkya). 2. rAjAe garIbo mATe kendro kholyAM. (kartarivAkya) rAjA taraphathI garIbo mATe kendro kholavAmAM AvyAM. (karmaNivAkya) uparanAM vAkyo jotAM jaNAze ke karmaNivAkyamAM kyAreka vidhyartha kRdaMtane "mAM anuga lagADIne, sAthe AvavuM)' kriyApadanuM rUpa vAparavAmAM Ave che. karmaNivAkyamAM kyAreka kartA hoto nathI, tyAM karmanI pradhAnatAne lIdhe kartAnI apekSA hotI nathI. AvuM hoya tyAre enI kartari-racanA karatI vakhate koI kartA-pada umeravAnuM rahe che, jema ke, karmaNi vAkya kartari vAkya 1. yuddha mAtra laDAInA koI paNa deza yuddha mAtra medAna para nathI laDAtuM. laDAInA medAna para nathI laDato. 2. bUTa kAMI khAsa meM / teM/ teNe bUTa kaMI khAsa ghasAyAM nahotAM. ghasyAM nahotAM. TUMkamAM karmaNiracanA ane bhAveracanAmAM kriyApadanuM A pratyayavALuM khAsa rU5 vaparAya che; jema ke, kara + A + = 'karAze, kartariracanAno kartA karmaNiracanA ane bhAveracanAmAM thI anuga sAthe Ave che, jema ke, nehathI, dhIrajathI, mArAthI vagere.

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30. vAkya : vizleSaNa ane saMyojana vAkyo traNa prakAranAM hoya cheH (1) sAduM vAkya, (2) saMyukta vAkya ane (3) saMkula athavA mizra vAkya. (1) sAduM vAkya : je vAkyamAM eka kriyApada ke eka udezyavidheyavALI racanA hoya tene sAduM vAkya kahe che; jema ke, (a) thoDA divasa huM mathurA rahIne vRMdAvana pahoMcyo. (ba) vinobA dUbaLA-pAtaLA to pahelethI hatA. (ka) zailabhAInI oNphisamAM eka kArakuna hato. (Da) huM ApA devAtane zobhatI mahemAnagati karIza. (I) tame bahu DAhyA. (pha) dhAMdhaliyo chokaro have nizALe javAnI hA pADavA lAgyo. uparanA dareka vAkyamAM eka kriyApada ke eka udezya-vidheyavALI racanA che; (I) vAkya kriyApada vagaranuM che. Ama, A badhAM sAdAM vAkyo che. (2) saMyukta vAkya: joDAyelAM vAkyo vyAkaraNanI dRSTie samAna mobhAnAM hoya, eTale ke ekabIjAMthI svataMtra rIte TakI zake tevAM hoya, eka vAkya bIjA vAkyanuM gauNa vAkya na hoya tyAre e saMyukta vAkya kahevAya che. saMyukta vAkyomAM vAkyone joDanArasaMyojako ('ubhayAnvayIo) tarIke A pado Ave che : ne, ane, paNa chatAM, to paNa, chatAM paNa, tema chatAM, ke, athavA, athavA to, yA, vA, kAM to. eTale, mATe, tethI, nahIMtara, kema ke, kAraNa ke, vagere; jema ke, - (a) kheDUta DarIne duHkha veThe ne jAlimanI lAto khAya. (ba) huM mArA amuka mitranI koI paNa vastune cheDuM chuM eTale e vastu tadana bagaDI jAya che. (ka) netAo to badhA jelamAM besI bagAsAM khAya che ane AvA haiyAphUTAo homAyache. (Da) tene na AvaDekANe jatAM ke na AvaDe AzvAsana detAM. eTale dhIrajakAkAnI madada mAgI. (I) gujarAta, tArI dharatImAM pheMka ratno pAkyAM che. paNa tane enI kiMmata rahI nathI. uparanAM vAkyomAM, be ke traNa samAna mobhAnAM ke ekabIjAMthI svataMtra rIte TakI zake tevAM vAkyo "paNa", ne vagerethI joDAyelAM che. eTale e be ke traNa vAkyo joDAtAM banelAM vAkyo "saMyukta vAkyo' che. 207

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208 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (3)saMkula athavAmizravAkya joDAyelAM vAkyomAMthI eka mukhya vAkya ane bIjuM gauNa vAkya hoya, e bIjuM vAkyamukhya vAkyanA vizeSaNavAkya, kriyAvizeSaNa-vAkya ke karma-vAkya tarIke AvatuM hoya, tyAre AkhuM vAkya saMkula ke mizra vAkya kahevAya che. saMkula vAkyomAM saMyojako tarIke "ke" tathA "je-te', "jyAre-tyAre, 'jema-tema, 'jevuMtevuM, "jyAM-tyAM', 'joto', "jyAM sudhI - tyAM sudhI vagere sApekSa (saMbaMdhI) sarvanAmo ke kriyAvizeSaNo Ave che; jema ke, (a) devAta samajato hato ke lAkho gharamAM saMtAI rahyo che. (ba) jyAM Aje gAMdhIsaMgrahana Adhunika chatAM sAdI DhabanAM makAna che, tyAM tyAre khetara hatuM. (ka) Ama ja e (revA) amarakaMTakanA pahADomAMthI nIkaLe che tyArathI ghaNe sthaLe kUdatI, bhUsakA mAratI cAle che. (Da) huM marI jAuM to mAne maLAya. (i) mANasamAM jyAre yAcanAvRtti jAge che tyAre tenuM teja, khumArI ane vyaktitva DhIluM gheMsa jevuM thaI jAya che. (pha) comAsAmAM to jANe pAtALalokanI nAgakanyAo pRthvI upara nAca karavA nIkaLI paDI hoya tema aneka jharaNAM phUTI nIkaLe che. uparanAM vAkyomAM, pratyekamAM mukhya vAkyane gauNa vAkyano saMbaMdha che. ane te badhAM ke', 'jyAre-tyAre, "jema-tema vagere saMyojakothI joDAyelAM che, eTale e AkhAM vAkyo "saMkula ke mizra vAkyo che. vAkya-vizleSaNa : - saMyukta ke saMkula vAkyomAM joDAyelAM vAkyone judA pADI batAvavAM, saMyojaka oLakhAvavA ane vAkyone samAnatAno ke mukhya-gauNa prakArano saMbaMdha spaSTa karI batAvavo te prakriyA vAkya- vizleSaNa ke vAkya-pRthakkaraNa kahevAya che; jema ke, (1) "upara zveta vAdaLo vacce AkAzano nIla raMga DokAya che ane AMkhamAM pharaphare che dUranAM maMdironA zikhara paranI dhajAo.' A saMyukta vAkyanuM vizleSaNa nIce mujaba thazeH (a) upara zveta vAdaLo vacce AkAzano nIla raMga DokAya che. (A) AMkhamAM pharaphare che dUranAM maMdiranA zikhara paranI dhajAo. A baMne saMyuktapaNe joDAyelAM mukhya vAkyo che.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa saMyojaka : ane (2) 'bhAbhAne traNacAra dIkarA hatA, paNa vRkSone pANI bhAbhA pote ja pAtA.' A saMyukta vAkyanuM vizleSaNa nIce mujaba thazeH (a) bhAbhAne traNacAra dIkarA hatA. (A) vRkSone pANI bhAbhA pote ja pAtA. A baMne saMyuktapaNe joDAyelAM mukhya vAkyo che. saMyojaka : paNa 209 (3) 'huM navarAvatI hatI tyAre mane zarIra jarA UbhuM lAgyuM hatuM. A saMkula vAkyanuM vizleSaNa nIce mujaba thaze : (a) mane zarIra jarA UbhuM lAgyuM hatuM. (mukhya vAkya) (A) huM navarAvatI hatI. (gauNa vAkya) (4) ahIM 'huM navarAvatI hatI' e vAkya 'mane zarIra jarA UbhuM lAgyuM hatuM'no samaya batAvanAruM vardhaka vAkya che. saMyojaka : '(jyAre)-tyAre... amArA nAvika chanAlAlane (ame) pUchyuM ke ahIM pANI keTaluM UMDuM che. A saMkula vAkyanuM vizleSaNa nIce mujaba thaze : (a) amArA nAvika chAlAlane (ame) pUchyuM. (mukhya vAkya) (A) ahIM pANI keTaluM UMDuM che. - (gauNa vAkya) 'ahIM pANI keTaluM UMDuM che' e mukhya vAkyanA 'pUchyuM' kriyApadanuM karma hovAthI A vAkya karma-vAkya che. saMyojaka : 'ke' (5) bapore bA jarA sUI gaI tyAre tuM AvIne kahI gaI ne ke bApue ApaNA rAmAnA suMdarane mArIne pUrI dIdho che.' A saMkula vAkyanuM vizleSaNa nIce mujaba thaze : (a) tuM AvIne mane kahI gaI. (mukhya vAkya) (A) bApue ApaNA rAmAnA suMdarane mArIne pUrI dIdho che. (gauNa vAkya) (I) bapore bA jarA sUI gaI. (gauNa vAkya)

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210. saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa AmAM traNa vAkya joDAyelAM che. "tuM AvIne mane kahI gaI e vAkya bapore bA jarA sUI gaI'no samaya batAvanAruM vardhaka vAkya che, ane bApue ApaNA rAmAnA suMdarane mArIne pUrI dIdho che. e mukhya vAkyanA kahI gaI" kriyApadanuM karma hovAthI karma-vAkya che. saMyojaka : '(jyAre) - tyAre, ke" vAkyasaMyojana : sAdAM vAkyone saMyukta ke saMkula vAkyorUpe joDavAM tenuM nAma vAkyasaMyojana. sAdAM vAkyone saMyukta ke saMkula vAkyorUpe joDatI vakhate (1) e vAkyono artha dhyAnamAM levo. (2) sAdAM vAkyonA artha paraspara umerAI zake tevA hoya athavA baMne vAkyonuM mahattva samAna hoya to ne, "ane', 'tathA', 'temaja jevAM ubhayAnvayI padono upayoga karIne vAkyo joDavAM. . sAdAM vAkyonA artha paraspara viruddha ke vikalparUpe hoya to "paNa", "paraMta'. 'kita. 'chatAM, chatAM paNa. "to paNa', 'tema chatAM, ke', 'athavA', "yA. 'vA", "agara, kAM to', 'jo ke jevAM ubhayAnvayI ke saMyojaka vAparIne vAkyo joDavAM. (4) eka vAkyamAM je kaheluM hoya tenuM kAraNa ke pariNAma bIjA vAkyamAM jaNAvyuM hoya tyAre tethI'; "ethI'. "eTale, 'mATe, ke jevAM saMyojaka vAparI vAkyo joDavAM. (5) eka vAkyanA arthano vadhAro ke arthanI pUrti bIjA vAkyamAM hoya tyAre "eTale', 'eTale ke, 'arthAt jevAM saMyojaka dvArA vAkyo joDavAM. (6) eka vAkyamAM koI saMjJA ke sarvanAma hoya ane bIjuM vAkya tenA arthamAM vadhAro karatuM hoya tyAre je-te, jyAre-tyAre vagere saMyukta saMyojako vAparIne vAkyo joDavAM. (7) eka vAkyanI kriyAno samaya bIjA vAkya dvArA darzAvAto hoya tyAre 'jyAre-tyAre', 'jyAM sudhI tyAM sudhI jevAM saMyukta saMyojako dvArA vAkyo joDavAM.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 211 (8) eka vAkyanI kriyA mATe bIjuM vAkya zaratarUpe Ave tyAre 'jo-to' saMyukta saMyojakanA upayoga karIne vAkyo joDavAM. nIcenAM udAharaNono abhyAsa karavAthI sAdAM vAkyonuM saMyukta ke saMkula vAkyarUpe kevI rIte saMyojana thAya che teno khyAla Avaze : (1) 'gujarAta, tArI dharatImAM kaiMka ratno pAkyAM haiM, tane enI kiMmata rahI nathI.' A baMne vAkyonA arthamAM virodhano bhAva che. pahelA vAkyamAM gujarAtanI dharatImAM ratno pAkyAM hovAnI vAta che ane bIjA vAkyamAM gujarAtane enI kiMmata na hovAnI vAta che. eTale A baMne vAkyone 'paNa', 'paraMtu', 'jo ke' jevAM saMyojakothI joDIne saMyukta ke saMkula vAkya banAvI zakAze : `gujarAta, tArI dharatImAM kaiMka ratno pAkyAM che. paNa(paraMtu) tane enI kiMmata rahI nathI.' (saMyukta vAkya) 'gujarAta, jo ke tArI dharatImAM kaiMka ratno pAkyAM che, chatAM paNa tane enI kiMmata rahI nathI.' (saMkula vAkya) (2) kheDUta DarIne duHkha veThe che. te jAlimanI lAto paNa khAya che.' kheDUtanI 'duHkha veThavAnI' vAtanI sAthe 'jAlimanI lAto' khAvAnI vAta umerAI zake evI che, eTale A vAkyone 'ne', 'ane' jevA ubhayAnvayIthI joDIne saMyukta vAkyabanAvI zakAya che. judAM judAM vAkyomAM je pado be vAra Ave temane be vAra mUkavAnI jarUra nathI, eTale bIjA vAkyanuM 'te' kartA-pada saMyojaka tarIke vaparAze nahi : kheDUta DarIne duHkha veThe che ne(ane) jAlimanI lAto khAya che.' (saMyukta vAkya) (3) 'huM mArA amuka mitranI koI paNa vastune cheDuM chuM. e vastu taddana bagaDI jAya che.' ahIM pahelA vAkyamAM kAraNa che ane bIjA vAkyamAM tenuM pariNAma darzAvyuM che. tethI A vAkyone 'eTale, 'tethI' jevAM saMyojako vaDe joDI saMyukta vAkya banAvI zakAze.

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212 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa "mArA mitranI koI paNa vastune chaDuM ... eTale (tethI, mATe) e vastu tadana bagaDI jAya che.' (saMyukta vAkya) (4) "mudala karatAM keTaluMye vadhAre e ApI cUkyo hato. pelA zAhukAranA rAtA copaDAmAM tenuM devuM pAMcagaNuM bolatuM hatuM.", A baMne vAkyomAM artho ekabIjAthI UlaTA jaNAya che. e mudala karatAM ghaNuM vadhAre ApI cUkyo hato tema chatAM zAhukAranA copaDAmAMthI tenA karajamAM ghaTADo thavAne badale temAM vadhAro ja thato batAvAyo che. Ama, A virodha batAvanAra vAkyanuM toye', 'to paNa', "chatAM' jevAM saMyojako vaDe joDI saMyukta vAkya banAvI zakAzeH "mudala karatAM keTaluMye vadhAre e ApI cUkyo hato. (toye, to paNa, chatAM) pelA zAhukAranA rAtA copaDAmAM tenuM devuM pAMcagaNuM bolatuM hatuM.' (saMyukta vAkya) (5) "tene kANe jatAM AvaDatuM nahotuM. tene AzvAsana detAM paNa AvaDatuM nahotuM. A kAraNe teNe dhIrajakAkAnI madada mAgI." ahIM traNa vAkyone joDavAnAM che. pahelAM be vAkyonA artha ekabIjAmAM umerAya evA che eTale temane ane AthI joDI zakAze. vaLI ahIM ke paNa "ane'nA jevuM ja kAma Apaze, ane A rIte saMyukta vAkya banaze. pahelAM be vAkyo kAraNa darzAve che ane chelluM trIjuM vAkya pariNAma darzAve che, mATe pahelAM be joDelAM vAkyo sAthe trIjAne joDavA eTale, mATe', 'tethI jevAM saMyojako vAparIne traNe vAkyo joDAtAM saMyukta vAkya taiyAra thaze ? | 'tene na AvaDe kANe jatAM ane (ka) na AvaDe AzvAsana detAM; eTale (mATe, tethI) dhIrajakAkAnI madada mAgI." (saMyukta vAkya) (6) "comAsAmAM to jANe pAtALalokanI nAgakanyAo pRthvI upara nAca karavA nIkaLI paDI hoya che. comAsAmAM aneka jharaNAM phUTI nIkaLe che." ahIM be vAkyo vacce sarakhAmaNIno sabaMdha spaSTapaNe joI zakAya che. eTale emane "jema-tema'thI joDI saMkula vAkya banAvI zakAze : comAsAmAM to jANe pAtALalokanI nAgakanyAo pRthvI upara nAca karavA nIkaLI paDI hoya tema aneka jharaNAM phUTI nIkaLe che." (saMkula vAkya)

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (7) 213 'lAkho gharamAM saMtAI rahyo che. e vAta devAta samajato hato.' A be vAkyo jotAM samajAze ke devAta je vAta samajato hato te hatI lAkho gharamAM saMtAI rahyo che. devAta zuM samajato hato ? lAkho gharamAM saMtAI rahyo che. Ama, 'samajato hato' kriyApadanuM karma paheluM vAkya che. eTale bIjuM vAkya pahelAM laI 'ke' saMyojakathI pahelA vAkyane joDatAM saMkula vAkya banaze : devAta samajato hato ke lAkho gharamAM saMtAI rahyo che. (saMkula vAkya) (8) 'mANasamAM yAcanAvRtti jAge che. te vakhate tenuM teja, khumArI ane vyaktitva DhIlAM gheMsa jevAM thaI jAya che.' A vAkyo vacce eka samayano saMbaMdha kalpI zakAya tema che. eTale A vAkyone 'jyAre-tyAre ke 'tyAre'thI joDI saMkula vAkya banAvI zakAzeH 'mANasamAM jyAre yAcanAvRtti jAge che tyAre tenuM teja, khumArI ane vyaktitva DhIlAM gheMsa jevAM thaI jAya che.' (saMkula vAkya) (9) 'Aje A sthaLe gAMdhIsaMgrahanAM Adhunika chatAM sAdI DhabanAM makAna che. tyAre te sthaLe khetara hatuM.' ahIM be vAkyo vacce sthAnano saMbaMdha che. tethI A baMne vAkyone joDavA 'jyAM-tyAM' e saMyuktasaMyojako vAparI saMkula vAkya banAvI zakAze. 'jyAM Aje gAMdhIsaMgrahanAM Adhunika chatAM sAdI DhabanAM makAna che, tyAM tyAre khetara hatuM.' (saMkula vAkya) (10) 'huM marI jAuM. mArAthI mAne LAya.' ahIM paheluM vAkya bIjA vAkyanI kriyAnI zarata sUcave che eTale baMne vAkyone joDavA 'jo-to' e saMyuktasaMyojakono upayoga karIne saMkula vAkya banAvI zakAze : 'jo huM marI jAuM to mArAthI mAne maLAya.' (saMkula vAkya)

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31. joDaNI ApaNI gujarAtI bhASAmAM zabdo traNa prakAranA che : tatsama, tadbhava ane dezya. tatsama eTale tenA jevA. mULamAM hoya tevA ja zabdone tatsama zabdo kahe che. dA.ta. 'saritAM saMskRta zabda che. te gujarAtImAMya ApaNe vAparIe chIe. AvA zabdonI joDaNI mULa saMskRtamAM hoya tevI ja gujarAtImAM thAya che. - tadbhava eTale temAMthI utpanna thayela, janmela. je zabdonAM mULa saMskRtamAM che, paNa arvAcIna gujarAtImAM pheraphAro pAmIne AvyA che te zabdone taddabhava zabdo kahe che. dA.ta. kaThaNa zabda, A zabdanuM mULa saMskRta kaThina zabdamAM che. AthI kaThaNa zabda e tadbhava zabda kahevAya. dezya zabdo eTale jenuM mULa zodhAtuM na hoya tevA zabdo. dA.ta. DheDuM, roDuM, hoLAyo, TIpuM, caNoThI vagere. joDaNInA niyamo : (a) tatsama zabdo (1) saMskRta tatsama zabdonI joDaNI mULa pramANe karavI. dA.ta. vidyArthinI, mati, guru, vRddha, prIti, sthiti, gati, saMpatti. (2) tatsama uparAMta tadbhava rUpa pracalita hoya to te baMne rUpo calAvavAM. dA.ta. kaThina-kaThaNa, hUbahU-AbehUba nahi-nahIM, kAla-kALa. gujarAtI pratyaya letA vyaMjanAM zabdo khoDA svara vagaranA na lakhavA. dA.ta. "jagatuM nahIM paNa 'jagata lakhavuM - vidvAna, pariSada, pazcAtuM. kiMcit. kvacit arthAt A zabdo khoDA lakhavA. paraMtu temanI pachI jo ja' Avato hoya to tamane svara sAthe lakhavA. dA.ta. 'kvacita ja'. (5) aMgrejI zabdonA 'e ane "aune sAMkaDA ane pahoLA uccAramAM bhUla na thAya te mATe te darzAvavA UMdhI mAtrAno 214

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2 15 (6) saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa upayoga karavo. dA.ta. beMka, phezana, kaoNphI, oNgasTa. mAna pratyayathI vizeSaNa bane che. paraMtu te zabdanA aMte ke chellAnI pahelAnA akSaramAM a, A ke mU hoya to vAna' lagADavo. dA.ta. dhanavAna, vidyAvAna. paraMtu nIcenA zabdomAM "mAna pratyaya lAgaze ke zrImAna, nItimAna, buddhimAna vagere. (7) 'Ika pratyayamAM IhaMmezAM hrasva hoya che. te lAgatAM zabdanA AgaLanA svaranI vRddhi thAya che ane chevaTano svara lopAya che. dA.ta. samAja + ika = sAmAjika, ahIM sanA ano A thayo. udyoga + ika = audyogika. ahIM uno au thayo che. (8) Ita pratyaya hRsva che te khAsa dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM. dA.ta. gaNita, AnaMdita, racita. sthagita, paricita vagere. (9) "Iya anIya 'kIya ane "Ina pratyayomAM 'I' dIrgha. dA.ta. dezIya, mananIya. rAjakIya. navIna, arvAcIna vagere. rASTriya-rASTrIya baMne rUpo cAle che. tabhava zabdo : (10) paththara, cokhuM, ciThThI. sudhdhAM, jhabhbho - A pramANe lakhAya che. patthara. ciTTI, jhabho khoTuM che. (11) kahADavuM. vahADavuM ja lakhAya, paNa kADhavuM, vADhavuM. kADha, vADha; kaDhI, aDhAra ema lakhavuM. jyAre laDhavuM, dADhama ema - na lakhatAM laDavuM, dADama ema lakhavuM. ' (12) gujarAtanA keTalAka bhAgomAM jAya, AMkhya, dyo, lyo, lAvya vagere bolAya che. paraMtu lakhavAmAM jAta, AMkha, do. lo, lAva e pramANe lakhavuM. (13) DozI-DosI, bheMza-bheMsa. ezI-esI. vize-viSe, mAsI mAzI, bArasa-bAraza, AmalI-AMbalI, lImaDo-lIMbaDo, kAmaLI-kAMmaLI, cAMllo-cAMdalo, sAllo-sADalo ema baMne rUpo cAle.

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216 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (14) zabdanA baMdhAraNamAM '' pachI svara Avato hoya to te 'I' ne hrasva rAkhI svaranI pahelAM 'ya' umerIne lakhavuM. dA.ta. dariyo, kaDiyo, rUpiyo, dhotiyuM, piyara, sahiyara, kAThiyAvADa vagere. (15) bahena, vahAluM, pahoLuM, mahAvata, paheraNa, raheThANa, maherabAna, kahe, mahora evA zabdomAM 'ha'ne AgaLanA akSara sAthe joDIne lakhavo nahIM, paNa judo pADIne lakhAya. 'vhena' 'vheraNa'khoTuM che. (16) sajA, jiMdagI, samaja emAM 'ja' lakhavo. tema ja 'gojhAruM', 'mojhAra'mAM 'jha' lakhavo. sAMja-sAMjha, majA-majhA baMne cAle che. (17) bhUla-bhUlAvuM. mUka-mukAvuM, mukAvavuM, zIkha-zikhAu,nIkaLanikAla, UTha-uThADa, pUchavuM-puchAvavuM, jIvavuM, jivADavuM e pramANe lakhavuM. paraMtu anusvAravALA zabdomAM A niyama bhAgye ja lAgu paDe che. dA.ta. gUMthavuM-gUMthAvavuM, cUMthavuM-cUMthAvavuM, bhUMsavuM-bhUMsAvavuM. (18) cAra ke tethI vadhu akSaranA zabdamAM pahelA akSaramAM i ke u hrasva lakhAya che. dA.ta. hilacAla, himAcala, hulAmaNuM, khisakolI, zikhAmaNa, kilakilATa, TipaNiyo vagere. joDaNIdoSa : vyAkaraNanA ajJAnane lIdhe vidyArthIo joDaNImAM vividha doSo kare che. A doSothI dUra rahIe to bhASA zuddha bane. 1. akSaradoSa : vidyArthIakSara kema lakhavo te jANato nathI tethI tema ja uccAraMNanA ajJAnane lIdhe A doSano bhoga bane che. dA.ta., azuddha : mane saMsaMga gamato nathI. zuddha : mane saMsarga gamato nathI. azuddha : sArI vyaktithI sau ArdraSita thAya che. zuddha : sArI vyaktithI sau AkarSita thAya che.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 217 azuddha budhdhi buddhi azudhdha . azuddhi cinDa cihna maravuM maLavuM mAtA sAMbhaLI che. mAtA sAMbharI che. hAthInI sUMTha hAthInI sUMDha poramAM na ramo poLamAM na ramo ujavaLa ujvaLa yAdadAsa yAdadAsta hRdaya hRya (jha ane 2 no phera na jANavAthI). dRSTi grahastha gRhastha pRthaMku brAmhaNa brAhmaNa * AlhAda AhUlAda vRtAMta vRttAMta nALiyeLa nALiyera 2. saMdhidoSa H saMdhinA niyamonuM pAlana bhASAzuddhi mATe jarUrI che. azuddha punarAvalokana punarAvalokana (punar + avalokana) punaroddhAra punaruddhAra (punar + uddhAra) jAtyAbhimAna jAtyabhimAna (jAti + abhimAna) nirAbhimAna nirabhimAna (nir + abhimAna) adhamoadhama adhamAdhama (adhama + adhama) IzvarIcchA ' IzvarecchA (Izvara + icchA) niSkapaTa niSkapaTa (nisa + kapaTa) duskALa duSkALa (dusa + kALa) pratha

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218 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 3. jAtivAMcana doSa? jAtine lagato doSa na hovo joIe. azuddha teNe ghaNA phaLa khAdhA. teNe ghaNAM phaLa khAdhAM. tame bahAdurInA kAma karo. tame bahAdurInAM kAma karo. saMtonA caraNomAM sukha che. saMtonAM caraNomAM sukha che. . 4. zabdaghaTanAdoSa : vyAkaraNanA niyamonuM pAlana jarUrI che. azuddha vairyatA dhIratA athavA dharma (bevaDo bhAvavAcaka pratyaya) ArogyatA ArogatA athavA Arogya ( ? ) aikyatA ekatA athavA aikya sauMdaryatA suMdaratA athavA sauMdarya marNa maraNa (kaDhaMgAne azuddhapratyayo) smarNa smaraNa buddhivAna buddhimAna azuddha zuddha azuddha zuddha tattva pramANika prAmANika mahatva mahattva nisargika naisargika sthitI sthiti svabhAvIka svAbhAvika nIti prAthamIka prAthamika prItI prIti dhArmIka dhArmika bhIti sAmAjIka sAmAjika unnatI unnati itihAsIka aitihAsika dRSTI mAsIka mAsika dainIka dainika glAnI glAni vAstavIka vAstavika hAni prAcina prAcIna tatva nItI bhItI sRSTI - sRSTi hAnI

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa vinati svikAra zuddhikaraNaM ucIta prerIta 5. joDaNIdoSa : azuddha hame, hame amhAre harSita zabdakozamAnya joDaNImAM bhUla na thAya te jarUrI che. zuddha ame, tame amAre jyAre tyahAre vhena,hoLuM darIo kAThIAvADa kaDIo AMkhya, lAvya lyo, dhro cokhkhuM, ciTThI patthara karIye,khAIye dhoIye thayaluM, thaeluM gayaluM, gaeluM vinaMtI svIkAra zuddhIkaraNa ucita prerita 6. prAMtIya doSa : spaSTikaraNa spaSTIkaraNa arvAcina arvAcIna kalaMkIta kalaMkita IpsIta Ipsita harSAMta jyAre tyAre bahena, pahoLuM dariyo kAThiyAvADa kaDiyo AMkha, lAva lo, do cokhkhuM, ciThThI patthara karIe, khAIe dhoIe thayeluM gayeluM 219 bolIne kAraNe, brAhmaNa-vANiyA, mocI ne bhIla- vividha komonI bhASAne kAraNe A doSa praveze che.

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2 20 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa pelo azuddha azuddha , zuddha laMmaDo lImaDo paMpaLo pIpaLo karya kira UThaya UTha gayela gayelo ' dIdhela dIdhelo olyo jauM chuM jAuM chuM hera zera zAka ama vaLI kema vaLI kyama kema che ? kelAM keLAM joyela joyeluM karela kareluM choDI chokarI 7. virAmacihnano doSa H khoTA virAmaciMtano upayoga karIe to A doSa Ave che. y'y . azuddha mRtyune koNa aTakAvI zake che !mRtyune koNa aTakAvI zake che? tame koNa cho. e teNe pUchyuM ?tame koNa cho, e teNe pUchayuM. nagara kevuM suMdara che !!! nagara kevuM suMdara che ! juo juo tyAM kAnana che. juo juo, tyAM kAnana che. A uparAMta aneka doSo che. paNa mukhya doSo lakSamAM rAkhIe to bhASAzuddhi, lekhanazuddhi Ave. aTapaTI joDaNI-racanA dharAvatA zabdonI joDaNI : aTUluM UrmilA girizaMga anukULatA kvacituM gRhiNI abhimanyu kadApi ghuvaDa azvatthAmAM kutUhala chinnabhinna aMjali kSitija aMtarikSA kSudratA jIrNazIrNa ArtanAda khisakolI junavANI Ahuti khis (khIsuM) tapazcaryA ujjavala khuzanumA tasavIra udadhi gaMjIpho digvijaya chUMdaNuM

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2 21 . surIluM kadApi abhimanyu bhUrizravA arjuna azvatthAmAM dohyalI yoddho padya : 6 vIjaLI sUbo saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa dinacaryA - sUnamUna dIvAla dIvAsaLI sRSTi dhavaMtari svAthya dhumADo hariyALuM nAriyeLa dhoraNa : 10 nA niyamita pAThya-pustakamAMthI nizadina padya : 1 paricArikA . bhUtaLa paricita kuMDaLa paristhiti ratnajaDita puruSa padya : 2 pUtaLI zAmaLiyo pratikRti giradhara bImArI padya : 3 bhikSuNI brahmA bhistI kalpanAropita magarUrI kRttikA miliTarI nirvANa mRttikA padya : 4 kRtya yAminI kaSAya - ratnajaDita ghuvaDa rami padya : 5 vimAsaNa saubhadra viparIta vyutpatti sahastra zikSikA : : pratyaMcA zuzruSA aMtarikSa padya : 7 caMdrabiMba samIpa zazamukha padya : 8 dinacaryA girizaMga puNya zuzruSA padya : 9 UrmilA ArtanAda mUrti vRdhdhi svAthya mUrzita padya : 10. phUlaDAM sArathi kaTorI aMjali

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222 cALaNI padya : 11 dhUrta udadhi bhomiyo padya : 12 mUrti sRSTi mahotsava pauruSa padya : 13 samaSTi razmi chinnabhinna mRtyugheruM janmasiddha ujjvaLa padya : 14 marajIvo vimAsaNa jhAjheruM padya : 15 mULiyAM hariyALuM padya : 16 khisakolI paroDhiyuM kUMpaLa koDiyuM nakhazikha niyamita UnuM pulaka padya : 17 mRdu timira DokiyuM nIrakhI padya : 18 aMdhatva spaMdana caMdana padya : 19 poyaNuM . jUI kiraNa jhUla padya : 20 paththara Izvara nizAnI gaMjIpo padya : 21 Tahuko sUraja jIrNazIrNa tirADa zeDho saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa TukaDo astavyasta bhoMya padya : 22 morapIMcha parabIDiyuM nizadina ciThThI padya : 23 jiMdagI Dholiyo aMdhAruM padya : 24 pataMgiyuM kvacit surabhi sthagita dIvAla padya H 25 duho muktaka jhUjhavuM dRSTi jhAMjhavAM yukti mukti aTUluM jUThuM (juduM)

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa (saghana adhyayana). gadya : 1. bhistI jhUMpaDuM durgaMdha bhikhArI khuzanumA khUNo gRhasthAI khAbociyuM gadya : 2 vicitra rUMvADuM nAriyeLa mUrkhavidyA gusapusa sUnamUna jhUmakhuM gadya : 3 graMthi hraSTapuSTa zraddhA pUrepUruM nimitta sthiti paricArikA AzvAsana sAkSAtkAra pratijJA gadya : 4 thIgaDuM kSitija pANiyAruM niHstabdha anukULatA dIvAsaLI niSphaLa kutUhala cirAyu gadya : 5 zruti smRti hoziyAra khUbasUrata suzIla gRhasthI paricita pratikRti zikSikA : gadya : 6 rUpiyA sAsariyAM ruzavata magarUrI svargastha tasavIra surIluM dayAmaNuM sannATo tijorI pramANikatA (prAmANikatA) cAritrya khissuM (khIsuM) gadya : 7 pRthivIvallabha digvijaya vyaktitva maMdonmatta sauMdarya kSudratA siMhAsana 223 nIti aMkuza pUMchaDuM gadya : 8 ahiMsA pracalita zAzvata zvAsocchavAsa (zvAsozvAsa) tapazcaryA ratnaciMtAmaNi

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224 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa jijJAsu muzkelI gadya : 9 madhyAna kUtaruM grISma vizvAmitra myunisipAliTI , upayogitA ' lekhinI zAMtiniketana ravIndranAtha zikArI mijabAnI harizcaMdra nistabdha pratiSThita sAvitrI pATApiMDI dhanvantari arvAcIna svAbhAvika aThavADiyuM udharasa gadya : 11. cIvaTapUrvaka pUrva-pazcima utsukatA animeSa samRddhi dakSiNAbhimukha kALajuM jobaniyuM nisAso (sva-adhyayana) padya : 1 viprala sudhAtura nizA kASThapUtaLI palluM stuti pratyakSa padya : 2 duMdALA prakRti bhaMDA sRSTi saMskRti vyaktitva chIMkaNI padya : 3 taruvara dIpaka duniyAdArI vRSTi ardhacaMdrAkRti gadya : 12 rUkha UMghaNazI prazAMta gadya : 10 tabIbI vidyArthIjIvana paristhiti kIrti khAtarI vaidyakIya dhiMgANuM dMh susavATo divALI ghughavATa RSi gamatIlI padya : 4 smRtibhrama bhAthuM bhUlezvara

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2 25 diMpatI niSphara bephikarAI alipta aharniza vivAhitA gRhiNI vyAdhra saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa garbhagRha , vidita padya : 5 mUlyapatrikA dhumADo diggaja bicAro - dugdhasamudra gUMcavAnuM Artasvara (sva-adhyayana) gadya-1 AcchAdita khinna gadya : 3 animeSa bhikSuNI vilIna vibhUti sAnnidhya krAntivAdI. (sAMnidhya) . jAlima akathya svapnasRSTi vihvaLa dharmarUDhi virakti suzIla AkAMkSA mRtyu sAgarRta rAgadveSa purANI - lakhalUTa hRdayadrAvaka kulIna' vidhinirmita anucita bali . dhUmragoTa gadya : 4 citkAra kSaNika gadya : 2 . viMcita kAraNabhUta mUlyavAna * taMdrita Urmi sadgati unmatta svAzrayI vanitA smaraNArthe zikSaNAnubhava dukhiyAruM gadya : 5 mUkeza yAminI mAyALu harakhagheluM vasamuM alagArI Asakti yugala samUha mUMjhavaNa gUMgaLAvuM karuNa malina vRtti

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prekTisa narsa 226 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa keTalAka aMgrejI zabdonI zuddha gujarAtI joDaNI simenTa TrejeDI . perisa TAiphoiDa . yutha speziyAlisTa * signala ceka-apa apa Tu DeTa DaoNkTara DispensarI riyaliTI AsisTanTa maeNjisTreTa phekalTIjha kampAunDa vorDa Devalapa sTethoskopa mena celenja rIle varnAkyulara Depha enDa Damba rIphaleksa phAinala kaoNnziyasa ezana miliTarI homavarka esosiezana bartha De aMkala risepzanisTa prejhanTa lipa-rIDiga riporTara progrAma " komA zaoNka-beTarI oNphisa kanTrola rUma Teliphona hemareja kampAunDara eTecI TAima krikeTa TrAnsaphara bebI moTarasAikala sigAreTa horara hospiTala miniTa enjina skUla kesa jaMkazana bUTa veiTiMga rUma pharsTa klAsa brIphakesa grAMTa seDA riporTa myunisipAliTI miDa TreniMga biskiTa . * porTara oNparezana phIsTa phorthasIla phiTa maeNTrika

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 2 27 theMka yu Tebala sUpa raziyana , DaoNiga-rUma jyusa grAnDa cUka DAiniMga rUma mosko poTeTo yunivarsiTI cipsa bAibala senDavica joksa ilijhAbetha kaTalesa phiorina iMglenDa tharmosa bAunsa vikaToriyA kolDa kaoNphI phenTAsTika gavarnara bAula sorI bomba liphaTa basa-sTopa lokala borDa benka myunisipala kamiTi bosa miniTa TAiparAiTiMga phUTsa mArkeTa sinemA plIjha - pappA keTalAka pracalita aMgrejI zabdo ilekTrika grejyueTa pAlamenTa eMjiniyara TikiTa paoNjhiTiva eroplena Telivijhana paoNlisI kamizana TrAphika prinTiMga kalekaTara | DigrI prinsipAla kaMpanI DipojhiTa pleTaphorma kaMpojhiTara DirekaTara pharnicara kAunsila tharamaoNmiTara phAyarabrigeDa kArakuna tharamosa philDiMga . kArbana thiyarI phisTa kArbonika thiyeTara phijhiksa kilogrAma thiyosophI phUTabola komyuTara . pablika phebruArI

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228 phoTogrAphI phaoNrmyulA manIoNrDara myujhiyama yuniphaoNrma haTa saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa sarTiphikeTa hAIskUla sarvisa , hArmoniyama salUna hisTIriyA sAIkalosTAila sinDikeTa henDala suprinTenDenTa hokI sekreTarI hoTa(Te)la sekreTariyeTa homiyopathI seneToriyama haoNrna senTimITara hola skolarazipa holDara rilIpha rivolvara rephrijareTara lAibrerI viTAmina sapTembara sabamarIna samansa suDiyo * spiriTa

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3ra. zabdasamUha mATe eka zabda bhUmikA H jagatanI aneka bhASAonI jema ApaNI mAtRbhASA gujarAtInuM zabdabhaMDoLa paNa samRddha ane susaMskRta che. ApaNI mAtRbhASAmAM evA seMkaDo sAmAjika zabdo che jemano artha samajI laIne yathArtha upayoga karavAthI ApaNe lakhavAmAM ane bolavAmAM zabdonI bhAre karakasara karI zakIe chIe. ghaNA badhA zabdo bhegA karIne bolavAthI yA lakhavAthI, je kaheluM hoya te yA je lakhavuM hoya te, joIe tevuM sacoTa rIte abhivyakta thaI zakatuM nathI. paraMtu jo AvA ghaNA badhA zabdasamUhane mATe koI eka cokkasa sAmAsika zabda vAparIe to arthanI spaSTatA asarakAraka ne arthapUrNa bane che. dA.ta., na meM eka evuM dRzya joyuM ke jenuM zabdamAM varNana na thaI zake ane jene upamA paNa na ApI zakAya evuM hatuM.' A vAkyane badale Ama kahIe ke lakhIe ke H keTalI sacoTa abhivyakti thaI gaNAya ! 1. 2. 3. 4. meM eka evuM dRzya joyuM ke je avarNanIya ane anupama hatuM.' to nynd nIce AvA keTalAka sAmAsika zabdo ApyA che H : akathya akalpya akaLa pa. akhUTa agocara 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. akSayapAtra : : acaLa : acUka : : ajAtazatru : anava : animeSa : anirvAcya : kahI zakAya nahi tevuM kalpI na zakAya tevuM na samajAya tevuM (gUDha) jemAMthI vastu khUTe nahi tevuM pAtra khUTe nahi tevuM (aNakhUTa) paga mUkI zakAya nahi tevuM na caLe evuM cUke nahi evuM jene koI zatru nathI te pApa vagaranuM (niSpApa) maTakuM paNa mAryA vagara jenuM zabdomAM varNana thaI na zake evuM (anirvacanIya) 229

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14. 18. 19. RO. 24. 230 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 13. anupama : upamA ApI na zakAya evuM anyamanaska : jenuM mana bIje gayuM hoya evuM 15. apUrva : pahelAM kadI na banyuM hoya evuM (abhUtapUrva) 16. . aphara : pharI jAya nahi tevuM 17. abhakSya : khAI zakAya nahi tevuM : amarapada : pharI janmamaraNa dhAraNa karavAnAM rahe nahi tevuM sthAna amaraphaLa :* amara banAve tevuM phaLa amIdaSTi : amRta jevI mIThI najara avarNanIya : varNana na karI zakAya tevuM rara. azakya : karI na zakAya tevuM asahya : sahana na karI zakAya tevuM aMkuza : hAthIne kAbUmAM rAkhavA mATenuM sAdhana ANuM : piyarathI vadhUne vidhisara sAsare vaLAvI ANavI te ApakarmI : ApabaLe vikAsa sAdhanAra ApAdamastaka : pagathI mAthA sudhInuM ArogyAlaya : dardIne rahevA mATenuM nivAsasthAna ArtanAda : duHkhabharyA pokAra AzcaryamugdhaH navAIthI mugdha thayeluM 31. Astika : IzvaramAM mAnanAra Isa : khATalAnA pAyA sAthe joDAyeluM kinArAnuM lAkaDuM utaraDa : eka upara bIjuM ema uparAuparI goThavIne karelI DhagalI 34. ulALo : bAraNuM vAsavA ThekA upara UlaLatuM bAraNAnI bahAra hAthAvALuM lAkaDAnuM sAdhana 35. kaTho : masAlA bharavAnI khAnAMvALI lAkaDAnI peTI (lakkaDiyuM). D 30. 33.

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37. 43. saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 231 36. kabara : maDadAne dATIne upara kareluM caNatara kabrastAna : maDadA dATavAnuM sthaLa 38. kartavyaparAyaNa : pharaja bajAvavAmAM tallIna kalpavRkSa : nIce besanAra jeno saMkalpa kare te vastu Ape evuM svarganuM eka kalpita jhADa kAmadhenu : manokAmanA pUrI karatI yA iccheluM ApatI eka kalpita gAya 41. kiMkartavyamUDha : kartavya zuM che te prazna mUMjhAyeluM kuMDaLI : grahonI sthiti darzAvatI khAnAvALI racanA kuMbha : makAnanI AdhArabhUta thAMbhalI 44. keDiyuM : keDa sudhI Ave tevI baMDI 45. kesariyALa : siMhanI garadana paranA vALa 46. kRtajJa : karelA upakArane jANanAra - kRtajJa : upakAra para apakAra karanAra 48. katAparAdha : aparAdha karyo hoya evo 49. kSitija : pRthvI AkAza sAthe maLatI hoya evuM AMkhane jaNAya che te kalpita rekhA khakhaDadhaja : vRddha chatAM majabUta bAMdhAnuM khAMpaNa : maDadA upara oDhADavAnuM kapaDuM khilakhila : khisakolIno dhImo avAja 53. gadaba : Dhorane khavaDAvavAmAM AvatI eka jAtanI A vanaspati 54. garbhagRha : maMdiranI aMdarano mUrtivALo bhAga papa. gaMjIpho : ramavAnAM pattAMno jaththo pa6. gUDha : na samajAya tevuM gojhAruM : koIno jIva le tevuM goreja ' : ' gAyonA cAlavAthI UDatI raja ghANI : telIbiyAM pIlavAnuM sAdhana gheMza : ' chAzamAM kodarA ke cokhA rAMdhIne banAvavAmAM AvatI eka vAnagI pata pI. pa7.

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61. 64. 68. 7ra. 232 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa cikitsA : roganuM nidAna karavuM te , . ' 62. cittabhedaka : cittane bhedI nAkhe tevuM 63. cirAyu : dIrgha AyuSyavALuM cIMtharehAla : phATyAM-tUTyAM vastra paheryA hoya tevuM 65. chApakuM : hatheLImAM samAya eTaluM 66. jatI : milkata japta thavI te (TAMca) , janmasiddha : janmathI ja prApta thayeluM jijJAsu ? jANavAnI icchAvALuM 69. jhAMjhavAM retALa jamIna para sUryanAM kiraNa paDavAthI dUrathI dekhAto jaLa jevo AbhAsa (mRgajaLa) 'TaMkArava : dhanuSyanI paNachano avAja 71. TaMDela : vahANano mukhya khalAsI DamaNiyuM : be baLada vaDe kheMcAtuM gADuM 73. DUmo : chAtImAM bharAtI lAgaNIno Aveza 74. bheMsa mATe vaparAto tiraskAravAcaka zabda 75. tallIna : ekabIjAmAM parovAyeluM tAdaza : AMkha AgaLa khaDuM thaI jAya tevuM dakSiNAbhimukha : dakSiNa tarapha moM hoya tevI sthiti dAmpatya : pati-patnInuM lagnajIvana digvijaya : cAre dizAomAM meLavelo vijaya dezanikAla : dezamAMthI kADhI mUkavuM te dharmasaMkaTa : dharmanuM ke kartavyanuM pAlana karavAmAM UbhI thatI muzkela paristhiti nakhazikha : pagathI mAthA sudhI narahari : manuSyanA svarUpe avatarelA Izvara nArAca : loDhAnuM bANa. * nAstika : Izvara ke paralokamAM na mAnanAra nikhAlasa : khullA - zuddha dilavALuM 87. nidAna : roganA mULa kAraNanI tapAsa (ta 9 . 08. 79. 80. 81 83. 84. 85. 86.

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 233 che i che 94. che i che 88. niSkarma : jene koI karma sparzatAM nathI te 89. nIka : * pANI javAno rasto nIrava : avAja vagaranuM palluM : vara taraphathI kanyAne apAtA dAgInA pArasamaNi : jeno sparza karavAthI lokhaMDa sonuM banI jAya evo maNi 93. poyaNuM : rAtre caMdraprakAzamAM khIlatuM kamaLa-prakAranuM eka phUla prANatarasyA : prANa nIkaLI jAya evI tarasathI pIDAtA barataraphI : nokarImAMthI rukhasada maLavI bali : bhoga ApavA mATe kADhelo bhAga bhaMDArI : vahANamAM tUtaka nIceno bhAga saMbhALanAra 98. bhistI : pakhAla(mazaka)mAM pANI bharI lAvI lokone pahoMcADanAra (pakhAlI) 99. bhomiyo : mArga batAvanAra (mArgadarzaka) 100. majiyArI : sahunI sarakhI mAlikInI 101. manohara : manane harI le evuM 102. marajIvo : DUbakI mArI samudramAMthI motI kADhanAra 103. maraNapoka : svajananA maraNa vakhate mukAtI poka (moTethI rudana) . * 104. mazaka : pANI bharavAnuM cAmaDAnuM sAdhana 10pa. mahAvata : hAthIno cAlaka (aMkuzamAM rAkhanAra) 106. raNacaMDI : yuddhe caDelI vIrAMganA 107. ratnaciMtAmaNi : ciMtaveluM Ape evo alaukika maNi 108. rathI : ratha para ArUDha thayelo 109, rasAtala : cauda pAtALamAMnuM pAMcamuM pAtALa 110. rAdheya : rAdhAno putra 111. rAhatakArya : ' Arthika rAhata ApavA mATe calAvAtuM kArya 112. laghutAgraMthi : pote Utarato che tevo manobhAva

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234 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 113. lakSAdhipati : lAkhonI saMpattino mAlika 114. vajU : indranuM amogha zastra 115. vajrahRdayI : vajU jevA majabUta hRdayavALuM 116. vajAghAta : vajU paDyuM hoya evo AghAta 117. vanamALA : vananAM phUlonI mALA 118. valoNuM : dahIM valovavA mATenuM sAdhana 119. vADhI : ghI pIrasavA mATenuM vAsaNa 120. vALu : sAMjanuM bhojana 121. vijayayAtrA : vijaya manAvavA mATe kADhavAmAM AvatI yAtrA yA saraghasa 1rara. vidhinirmita : bhAgyamAM nakkI thayeluM 123. virakti : mohamAyA pratye udAsInatA 124. vairAgya : saMsAranI Asaktino abhAva 125. vyutpatti : zabdanI mULa utpatti 126, zaraNAgati : koI vyaktine zaraNe AvavuM te 127. zabdavedhI : mAtra zabda (avAja)ne AdhAre dhAryuM bANa mAranAra 128. zabdALu : zabdonA vadhu paDatA upayogavALuM 129. zazIvadanI : caMdra jevA mukhavALI 130. zahIda : deza yA dharma mATe kurabAnI ApanAra 131. zilAlekha : paththara upara kotarelo lekha 132. zIghrakavi : pUrvataiyArI vinA game tyAre joIe tevI kavitA racanAra 133. zekhacallI : havAI killA caNanAra 134. zeDho : be khetaranI hada vaccenI vaNakheDelI jamInanI paTTI 135. sannATo : becenIbharI zAMti 136. samakAlIna : eka ja samayamAM thaI gayeluM 137. samagra : sahu tarapha samAna dRSTi (samatva)

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 138. saMpetaruM sAkSAtkRAra sAkha sAthi 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. smAraka 146. svayaMpAka 147. svayaMvara 148. svayaMsevaka : 149. svAzrayI 150. 151. hatyAkAMDa sUMtha saubhadra snehazoka : 155. . hastaprata 156. 157. 158. 159. 160. 161. 162. : haiyAphATa hokAyaMtra : ratha hAMkanAra svairavihAra : : 152. hamadardI : harAmakhora 153. 154. hastaudyoga : : : . subhadrAno putra : : hAkala hAjarajavAbI hRdayabhedaka :: hRSTapuSTa : hela :: koIne pahoMcADavA mATe soMpAyelI bheTasogAdanI cIjavastu paramatattva ke Izvarano sAkSAt anubhava jhADa para ApameLe pAkatuM phaLa CO pANInI aMdara bhaLelo kAdava 235 snehInA sahavAsanuM sukha na maLavAno zoka yAdagIrI rUpe racAyelI imArata jAte rAMdhIne khAvuM te kanyA pote vara pasaMda kare te . jAte sevA ApanAra koInI paNa madada na le te . icchA mujaba pharavuM te prANIono mahAvinAza samAna dardanI anubhUti barAbara kAma karyA vinA badalo meLavanAra yaMtra vajrara hAthathI cAlato udyoga (hAthaudyoga) hAthathI lakheluM lakhAza bolAvavA mATe pADelI moTethI bUma sAMbhaLatAMveMta ja javAba Ape evuM hRdayane bhede evuM taMdurasta ane bharAvadAra mAthe lIdheluM beDuM haiyuM phATI jAya evuM dariyAmAM dizA jANavAnuM sAdhana

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33. samAnArthI (paryAyavAcI zabdo ekasarakhA arthavALA zabdo "samAnArthI athavA paryAyavAcI' zabdo kahevAya che. joke arthanI dRSTie emAM thoDo ghaNo taphAvata to rahevAno ja. hiMduo jene "maMdira' kahe ene mATe ja khristIo samAnArthI zabda devaLa' vApare, to jeno ene ja mATe samAnArthI zabda "derAsara' paNa vApare. koI kAma agharuM ke "kaThaNa' kahevAya ane evI ja rIte dAkhalo gaNavo muzkelIvALo hoya tyAre kaThaNa' kahevA karatAM "agharo' kahevAmAM vadhu aucitya jaNAvAnuM. agatyanA samAnArthI zabdo : adekhAI - asUyA, IrSyA acaraja - acaMbo, ajAyabI, Azcarya, herata, vismaya, navAI, tAjubI akkala - buddhi, mati, medhA acaLa - dRDha, sthira aNagamo - aruci, karAga akhila - AkhuM, samagra, sakaLa, nikhila agni - Aga, anala, pAvaka, hutAzana acAnaka - ekAeka, ekadama, aNadhAryuM atizaya - puSkaLa, ghaNuM vadhAre, atyaMta, adhika adbhuta - alaukika, ajAyaba, AzcaryakAraka anAdara - tiraskAra, dhikkAra, avahelanA, avajJA anila - vAyu, samIra, mahuta, pavana, vAyaro araja - vinaMtI, vijJapti, vinavaNI avAja - nAda, ghoSa, sAda, dhvani aMdhakAra - aMdhAruM, timira, tama AkAza - Abha, AsamAna, nabha, gagana, aMbara, vyoma AtmajA - putrI, dIkarI, tanayA AnaMda - harSa, umaMga, ullAsa, khuzI 236

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237 indra Izvara saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa AzA - manoratha, vAMchA. kAmanA, umeda AMkha - locana. nayana. netra, neNa, cakSu inkAra - nAmaMjUrI, manA. niSedha - maghavA, zaka, puraMdara, surapati, zacIpati, zacIza - prabhu, paramezvara, bhagavAna, paramAtmA, viSNu, Iza upakAra - AbhAra, ahesAna. kRtajJatA, pADa. upakRti UMcuM - Urdhva, upaluM uttarIya - upavastra, khesa, pacheDI ALasu - edI, pramAdI upavAsa - anazana aMbAra - bhaMDAra ugra - AkaruM, jalada. uSmA - garamI, Ataza. agni izAro - Takora, sUcanA - icchA - tRSNA, apekSA. manISA, lAlasA. avasara - TANuM upayoga - khapa ukaLATa - baphAro Upaja - Avaka, pedAza nIpaja, utpanna , kamaLa :- kuvalaya, utpala, padma, nalina: araviMda aMbhoda, sarasija, saroja, rAjIva, zatadala. paMkaja, puMDarIka (dhoLuM kamaLa), poyaNuM (rAtre khIlatuM kamaLa), kairava | (dhoLuM kamaLa), idIvara (bhUruM kamaLa) kalyANa bhadra, ziva, maMgala, zubha, lema kAmadeva - madana, manmatha, mAra, mInaketana, kaMdarpa, anaMga, kAma, paMcazara, smara, manasika, puSpanvA, kusumAyudha kAyama - nitya roja, haMmezAM, sanAtana, sadA - kRSNa, zyAma. zyAmala komaLa - mRdu, mRdula, sukumAra, nAjuka, mulAyama kALuM

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238 koyala krodha gaNapati garIba ghara ghAtakI ghoDo catura caMdra cAMdanI jagata saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa - kokila, kokilA, pika, paramRtA - gusso, kopa, roSa - laMbodara, ekadaMta, gajAnana gaNAdhipa, vinAyaka - dIna, daridra, nirdhana, kaMgAla, akiMcana, pAmara, raMka - gRha, sadana, bhavana, AgAra, sadha, Alaya, makAna, dhAma, raheThANa, nivAsasthAna, maMdira - nirdaya, niSphara, krUra - haya, azva, vAjI, turaga, turaMga, turaMgama - cAlAka, hoziyAra, cakora, capaLa, bAhoza, nipuNa - caMdramA. himAMzu, indu, vidhu, sudhAMzu, zItAMzu, nizAkara, nizApati, soma, mRgAMka, zazAMka, zaziyara, zazI, mayaMka, kumudapati. cAMda, cAMdaliyo - caMdrikA, jyotsanA, kaumudI - duniyA. vizva, loka, bhuvana, saMsAra, sRSTi, jahAM, jahAna, khalaka, Alama - purANuM, prAcIna, purAtana, ciraMtana, jIrNa, jarjarita - joma, kauvata, tAkAta, zakti, baLa, sAmarthya, josa - vRkSa, kuma, pAdapa, taru, taruvara - sAgara, samudra, ratnAkara, udadhi, jaladhi, abdhi. aMbudhi, vAridhi, jaLAbdhi, jaLanidhi, siMdhu, arNava, mahAsAgara, sAyara, podhi, pAyonidhi, maherAmaNa - dina, vAsara, atna - pIDA, kaSTa, vyathA, saMkaTa, vipatti, aDacaNa, vipadA, ApadA, Aphata, Apatti - zatru, ari, ripu, vairI - amara, sura, vibudha, nirjara - dAnava, danuja, asura, rAkSasa, nizAcara - dolata, paiso. puMjI, nANuM, saMpatti, samRddhi, dravya. vitta, vasu, artha, mirAta jora jhADa dariyo divasa duHkha dumana daitya dhana

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nAkara paga saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 239 najaronajara - pratyakSa, rUbarU, samakSa, moDhAmoDha nadI - saritA, taraMgiNI, zaivalinI, taTInI, srotasvinI, _nirjhariNI navuM - abhinava, navIna, nava, nUtana. navaluM - sevaka, cAkara, bharya. dAsa, kiMkara, paricAraka - pada, pAda, pAya, caraNa pati - svAmI, mAlika, bhartA, bharathAra, dhava, dhamI, kaMtha, prANeza, hRdayeza, jIvaneza, jIvanAdhAra, prANapati, prANanAtha, vara, jIvanasAthI, prItama, vallabha patnI - vadhu. bhAryA. hRdayezvarI, prANezvarI, ardhAMganA jAyA. priyA. gRhalakSmI parAkrama - zaurya, bahAdurI, zUrAtana. vIratA parvata - pahADa, adri, giri, acala, zaila, bhUdhara, naga, DuMgara paMkhI - pakSI, khaga, aMka . zakunta, ji. vihaMga, vihaMga. vihaMgama paMDita - vidvAna, prAjJa, zAstrI pANI - jaLa, nIra, vAri, salila, toya. aMbu, udaka pitA - janaka, bApa, tAta putra - - dIkaro, tanaya, suta, tanuja : - dIkarI. tanayA, sutA tanujA, duhitA pRthvI - bhU. mahI, dharA, dharitrI, dharaNI, vasudhA, vasumatI prakAza - teja, ghuti, prabhA, ujAza, ajavALuM - uSaHkALa, maLasakuM, moMsUjhaNuM, paroDha phUla - puSpa, sumana. kusuma, prasUna bagIco - bAga, udyAna, upavana, vATikA bANa - tIra, zara" bALaka - zizu. bALa, bacyuM. arbhaka bhamaro - bhramara, madhukara, ali, dvirepha, bhUMga. papada bhayaMkara - dAruNa, bhISaNa, ghora, bhayAnaka putrI prabhAta

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maraNa. 240 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa bhUla - cUka, doSa, khAmI . * - mRtyu, nidhana, paMcatva, mauta, dehAnta, kALadharma, zrIjIzaraNa mANasa - mAnavI, manuSya, jana, zamsa, insAna. mAtA - jananI, bA, mA, mAvaDI mitra - suhRda, sakhA, sahacara, dosta, bheru mukha - vadana, mAM, Anana, cahero musAphara - vaTemArga, pAntha, pathika, pravAsI, rAhadArI mokSa - mukti, kaivalya, nirvANa mojuM - taraMga. Urmi, vIci - yuddha - laDAI, saMgrAma, samara, vigraha rasto - mArga, rAha, patha, paMtha rAkSasa - asura, daitya, dAnava, nizAcara rAjA - pArthiva nRpa, nRpati, nRpAla, bhUpa, bhUpati, bhUpAla. mahIpati, nareza, narapati rAtri (trI) - zarvarI, nizA, rajanI, vibhAvarI lohI - rakta, rudhira, lohita, zoNita, khUna varasAda - vRSTi, parjanya, meha, mehUlo, megharAjA - kApaDa, paTa, vacana, aMbara, lUgaDuM vAdaLa - megha, jImUta. aMbuda, vArida, ghana, nIrada,payoda vAvaTo - dhvaja, dhajA, patAkA vAvAjhoDuM - vAjhaDI, vaMToLa, tophAna vyartha - mithyA vIMTI - mudrA, aMgUThI vasudhA - pRthvI, dharA, vasuMdharA, urvI vibhu - deva, bhagavAna, Izvara - vAdAna, vevizALa, sagapaNa, sagAI, cAMllo vIratA - bahAdurI, zUrAtana. zaurya, parAkrama, baLa, zakti, kauvata, tAkAta, hiMmata vastra vivAha

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 241 zahera samUha zarIra - tana, deha, kAyA, aMga, kalevara, gAtra. vadhu - nagara. nagarI, pura, purI, pattana sadarahu - sadara, majakUra, pUrvokta sapheda - zukla, zubhra, zuci, zveta, gaura, dhavala, dhoLuM - samudAya, samavAya, gaNa sarakhuM - sama. samAna, tulya, sadaza, sarIkhuM, sarasuM sApa - - sarpa, bhujaMga. nAga, ahi, phaNAdhara, dvijivA cakSuHzravA, uraga, pannaga siMha - mRgeMdra, vanarAja, hari, kesarI, zera, sAvaja suMdara cAra, kAnta, manojJa, khUbasUrata, rUpALuM. phUTaDuM, manohara suMdaratA - saundarya. kAnti, dyuti. khUbasUratI, suSamA. cArutA sUrya - sUraja, sUra, ravi, mAtaMDa, divAkara, dinakara, dinamaNi, dinanAtha, prabhAkara, bhAskara, savitA, bhAnu, bhANa. sahasrAMzu, Aditya mihira - suvarNa, kAMcana, hiraNya, hema, kanaka, kuMdana - abaLA, nArI, vAmA, vanitA, mahilA, lalanA. aMganA, orata, mAninI, bhAminI, bhAmA. rAmA, kAminI. amadA, ramaNI svaccha sApha, nirmaLa, cokhuM, vimaLa, vizada, vizuddha haraNa - kuraMga, hariNa, mRga, sAraMga hAtha - hasta, kara. pANi, bhuja, bAhu hAthI - mataMgaja. gaja, kaMjara, dvirada hoDI - nau, naukA, nAva, taraNI, vahANa, panAI. machavo. hoDakuM, tarI - havana hoziyAra - kuzaLa, dakSa, cAlAka, buddhizALI, capaLa havasa - vAsanA, kAmecchA haLave dhIme. Aste hasta - kara, hAtha heta - sneha, prIti, rAga, mamatA, mAyA sonuM strI homa

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242 saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa svAdhyAya prazna 1 : nIcenA zabdonA samAnArthI zabdo Apo. 1. lAla ra. dhoLuM 3. UMDuM 4. jhINuM 5. jarUriyAta 6, lAbha 7. hAni 8. laDAI 9. sagavaDa 10. varasAda 11. jhADa 12. pavana uttara : 1. rAtuM 2. sapheda 3. gahana 4. bArIka, sUkSma pa. AvazyakatA, jarUrata 6. phAyado 7. nukasAna, hANa 8. yuddha saMgrAma, vigraha 9. suvidhA 10. parjanya, vRSTi, meha 11. vRkSa, taru. taruvara 12. vAyu prazna 2 : nIcenA zabdonAM samAnArthI zabdo Apo. 1. bAraNuM 2. vAnara 3. abhiyAna 4. gharaDuM 5. sAdhu 6. kudarata 7. pUrti 8. nAlAyakI 9. khalIto 10. saMga 11. phaDaka 12. saguM , uttara : 1. dvAra, kamADa 2. kapi, vAMdaro, plavaMgama 3. gumAna, ahaMkAra, garva, huMpada 4. vRddha, jaraTha 5. saMnyAsI, bAvo, phakIra, vairAgI, tyAgI 6. nisarga, prakRti 7. umaraNa, vadhAro 8. nAlezI 9. lakhoTo, parabIDiyuM 10. tANeluM, kaseluM, custa 11. phaDaka, bIka, dhAstI 12. saMbaMdhI, svajana prazna 3 : nIcenA zabdonA samAnArthI zabdo Apo. 1. bhAI 2. nisbata 3. rada 4. bArI 5. hoDI 6. DAMgara 7. bodha 8. cahero 9. samasta 10. zarIra 11. lagAma 12. motI uttara H 1. bAMdhava, baMdhu 2. saMbaMdha 3. bAtala, nakAmuM 4. vAtAyana, khiDakI 5. naukA, taraNI 6. zALa, zAli 7. jJAna, zikSA 8. mukhAkRti, sUrata 9. sarva, saMpUrNa, samagra 10. kAyA, tana 11. rAza 12. muktA prazna 4 : nIcenA zabdonA samAnArthI zabdo Apo. 1. sUrya 2. savAra 3. dravya 4. AnaMda 5. sAgara 6. AMkha 7. vAvaTo 8. sonuM 9. mora 10. koyala 11. kUtaro 12. deDako

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 243 3. dhana, uttara H 1. sUraja, dinakara, prabhAkara, bhAskara, divAkara, bhAnu. Aditya, mArtaMDa 2. prabhAta, paroDha, prAtaHkALa, maLasakuM dolata, nANuM. puMjI 4. harSa, umaMga, ullAsa 5. samudra, ratnAkara, jaladhi, uddhi, vAridhi, payonidhi, siMdhu, arNava, dariyo, maherAmaNa 6. netra, nayana, locana, neNa, cakSu 7. dhvaja, patAkA, dhajA 8. suvarNa, hema, kanaka, kAMcana 9. mayUra 10. kokila, parabhRtikA 11. zvAna 12. meDaka, dardura prazna 5 : nIcenA zabdonA samAnArthI zabdo Apo. 1. samUha 2. sarovara 3. Upaja 4. zahera 5. vAdaLa 6. zatru 7. rAjA 8. zarI2 9. kAMTo 10. zvAsa 11. sApa 12. saMmelana uttara H 1. vRMda, ToLuM, saMgha 2. kAsAra, sara 3. Avaka, pedAza 4. nagara, purI, nagarI 5. payoda, nIrada 6. ari, duzmana, ripu, verI 7. nRpa, bhUpa, bhUpati, bhUpALa, nRpati, 8. kAyA, tana 9. zULa, kaMTaka 10, dama, hAMpha bhujaMga 12. meLAvaDo nRpAla, prajApAlaka 11. sarpa, nAga, prazna 6 : nIcenA zabdonA samAnArthI zabdo Apo. 1. upakAra 2. popaTa 3. bahAdura 4. saMkoca 5. saghaLuM 6. sUcana 7. hasIna 8. havaDa 9.komaLa 10. strI 11. hAra 12. sApha uttara H 1. AbhAra, ahesAna, upakRti 2. koTa, zuka 3. vIra, zUro 4. malAjo, lAja pa. samasta, badhuM 6. izAro 7. suMdara 8. avAvaruM 9. mulAyama, mRdu 10. vanitA, kAminI, bhAminI, mahilA, nArI 11. parAjaya 12. svaccha, cokhkhuM prazna 7 : nIcenA zabdonA samAnArthI zabdo Apo. 1. sapheda 2: bhUla 3. baMdagI 4. bhAgya 5. bhrama 6. rasto 7. lohI 8. sArthaka 9. .AbarU 10. zrama 11. sALavI 12. zauhara uttara H 1. zveta, dhoLuM 2: cUMka, vAMka, guno 3. prArthanA 4. kismata, nasIba Sa. saMdeha, bhrAnti 6. mArga, rAha, paMtha 7. rakta, rudhira 8. saphaLa, kRtArtha 9. pratiSThA 10. thAka, mahenata 11. vaNakara 12. pati, dhaNI, svAmI

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34. viruddhArthI zabdo viruddhArthI mATe virodhArthI zabdaprayoga paNa karAya che. viruddha eTale UlaTo artha batAve te viruddhArthI zabda kahevAya. viruddhArthI zabda banAvavA mATe nIcenI ekAda rItano upayoga karI zakAya. (1) mULa karatAM sAva judo ja zabda ApI zakAya; jema ke, UMca nIce, UThavuM-besavuM, Avaro-jAvaro (2) zabdanI AgaLa "a", "ana" ke "aNa' jevo pUrvaga lagADAya; jema ke, chata-achata, AcAra-anAcAra, AvaData-aNaAvaData (3) nakArano artha batAvato pUrvaga ke upasarga vaparAya; jema ke, kRpA-avakRpA, mAna-apamAna (4) jAti (liMga) badalavAmAM Ave; jema ke, rAjA-rANI, sonI-sonAraNa, pati-patnI keTalAka agatyanA viruddhAthI zabdo : advaita x dvata . 'bAhya X AMtarika akhaMDa x khaMDita bharatI X oTa agamabuddhi x pacchamabuddhi bhUcara X khecara anadhikRta x adhikRta mAlika X sevaka atha X iti unnati x avanati arvAcIna x prAcIna ulALa x dharALa adhogati X Urdhvagati ekadezIya x sarvadezIya ApakarmI x bApakarmI kAyamI X kAmacalAu Arogya x anArogya kAlpanika X vAstavika Aroha x avaroha kautukapriya x sauSThavapriya AsurI x daivI kRtajJa x kRtaghna. Astika x nAstika kriyAzIla x niSkriya iSTa x aniSTa kSaNika x zAzvata uttarArdha X pUrvArdha khaMDana X maMDana udaya x asta khAnagI x jAhera 244

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa tANo X vANo teja X maMdI deva X dAnava napho 4 toTo nimakahalAla X nimakaharAma nirakSara X sAkSara nirdetuka X sahetuka nekI X badI parAdhIna X svAdhIMna parokSa X pratyakSa pAchotara X Agotara pravRtti x nivRtti prApya x aprApya marajiyAta X pharajiyAta vidhi X niSedha vinIta X uddhata vipatti X saMpatti vibhakta X avibhakta viyoga X saMyoga vyaSTi X samaSTi zAzvata X kSaNika zAMti x azAMti zikhara X taLeTI zIta X uSNa saMdhi X vigraha sajAtIya X vijAtIya vaiyaktika X sAmudAyika sajIva x nirjIva sarala - X kaThina anukULa X pratikULa asaMgata X susaMgata aMtaraMga X bahiraMga aMtarmukha X bahirmukha AgekUca X pIchehaTha AghAta X pratyAghAta puruSArtha x prArabdha purogAmI X anugAmI prastuta X aprastuta phaLadrupa x ujjaDa savAra x sAMja vakhANa X niMdA zApa X AzIrvAda sagavaDa X agavaDa bharatI X oTa baMdhana X mukti chata X taMgI jAhera X khAnagI caDatI X paDatI adhika X nyUna AvirbhAva X nirobhAva insAniyata X hevAniyata inkAra X svIkAra jobana X ghaDapaNa UMdhuM X cattuM saguNa X nirguNa svastha x becena rAjAzAhI X lokazAhI phUlavuM x saMkocAvuM 245

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246 sateja x nisteja svadezI X videzI sadhana X nirdhana khuzakI X tarI khuzabo X badabo gauNa X pradhAna cala X acala cAhanA X dhRNA chata X achata chUta x achUta jannata X jahannama jyeSTha X kaniSTha tatsama X tabhava jamA X udhAra udhAra x rokaDa kAyara x zUra lIluM x sUkuM jUnuM X navuM tAjuM X vAsI pharajiyAta X marajiyAta bhalAI x bUrAI jIta X hAra anugAmI X purogAmI AsthA X anAsthA ugra X saumya UcharatuM x pIDha tAla X betAla jayaMti X saMvatsarI ghara X beghara saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa vRddhi X kSaya sahadharmI X vidharmI sahAyaka X virodhI supatha X kupatha racanAtmaka X khaMDanAtmaka rAtricaryA X dinacaryA risAmaNAM X manAmaNAM laghumatI X bahumatI laghutA X gurutA vakIla X asIla lekhita X maukhika vAmana X virATa vAstavika X kAlpanika vidvadbhogya X lokabhogya rAya X pheMka Avaka X jAvaka paheluM x chelluM moMghArata X soMghArata sAruM x narasuM hita X ahita marda x nAmarda jaza X apajaza sulabha x durlabha amIra X garIba Ardra x zuSka Adarza X vyavahAra kajAta X jAtavAna surIluM x besUruM janmadina X mRtyudina

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saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa chata X achata martya X jIvita vakIla X asIla saguNa X nirguNa sAdhaka X bAdhaka supAtra X kupAtra sadhura X vidhura saMkSipta X vistRta sApekSa X nirapekSa sukara X duSkara supta X jAgrata stuti x niMdA svAvalaMbI X parAvalaMbI harAmakhora X halAlakhora haMgAmI X kAyamI hiMsA X ahiMsA hANa X vRddhi udaya X asta nirdaya X dayALu nirmaLa X malina saMyoga X viyoga sapUta X kapUta suDoLa x beDoLa asalI X nakalI akiMcana X zrImaMta agraja X anuja AsurI x daivI Adya x aMtya AdAna X pradAna le X veca khopha X mahera pathya X apathya pApa X puNya yajamAna X atithi raphedaphe X vyavasthita nyAyI X anyAyI sAjuM x mAMduM hakAra X nakAra harSa X zoka . 247 svAdhyAya prazna 1 : nIcenA zabdonA viruddhArthI zabdo Apo. 1. Avaka 2. pUrvArdha 3. AhAra 4. khuzakI pa. AbAdI 6. bhUcara 7. rAya 8. zukana 9. saMpa 10. hA 11. saMdhi 12. sajjana uttara : 1. jAvaka 2. uttarArdha pa. barabAdI 6. khecara 7. 2ka 8. apazukana 10. nA 11. vigraha 12. durjana prazna 2 : nIcenA zabdonA virudhArthI zabdo Apo. 1. jamA 2. jaDa 3. pAzcAtya 4. sAkSara 3. vihAra 4. tarI 9. kusaMpa 5. viyoga

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248 A saraLa gujarAtI vyAkaraNa 6. khaMDana 7. svakIya 8. plAna 9. AyAta 10. deva 11. jaMgama 12. vidhi uttara : 1. udhAra 2. cetana 3. pauramya 4. nirakSara 5. saMyoga 6. maMDana 7. parakIya 8. praphulla 9. nikAsa 10. dAnava 11. sthAvara 12. niSedha prazna 3 : nIcenA zabdonA viruddhArthI zabdo Apo. 1. saMpa ra. nAstika 3. ucita 4. sarjana 5. nIrasa 6. kRpA 7. supAtra uttara H 1. kusaMpa 2. Astika 3. anucita 4. visarjana 5. rasika 6. avakRpA 7. kupAtra prazna 4 : nIcenA zabdonA viruddhArthI zabdo Apo. ' 1. vidyA 2. ImAna 3. pharamAna 4. ilAja 5. AzA 6. jaya uttara H 1. avidyA 2. beImAna 3. nApharamAna 4. nAIlAja 5. nirAzA 6. parAjaya , prazna - 5 nIcenA zabdonA viruddhArthI zabdo Apo. 1. anAdara 2. iSTa 3. buddhi 4. pragati pa. sajjana 6. pravRtti uttara : 1. Adara 2. aniSTa 3. kubuddhi 4. adhogati 5. durjana 6. nivRtti prazna 6 : nIcenA zabdonA viruddhArthI zabdo Apo. 1. nirakSara 2. pratyakSa 3. sadAcAra 4. lAbha pa. udaya 6. prazaMsA uttara 6 H 1. sAkSara 2. parokSa 3. durAcAra 4. hAni 5. asta 6, tiraskAra prazna - 7 nIcenA zabdonA viruddhArthI zabdo. Apo. 1. durAcAra 2. jarUrI 3. sajjana 4. avataraNa pa. nAstika 6. anucita * uttara : 1. sadAcAra 2. binajarUrI 3. durjana 4. UdhvarohaNa pa. Astika 6. ucita

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zrI khImacaMda svarUpacaMda saMghavI. ghara daherAsarajI Diodopodololololol 100000 JOE a

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zrI khImacaMda svarUpacaMda saMghavI ghara daherAsarajI | zrI azvinabhAI zAMtilAla saMghavI kAyastha mahollo, gopIpurA, surata 395 003 mUlanAyaka : zrI AdinAtha-paMcatIrthI-paMcadhAtunA UMcAI 7". pahelAM nIlamanA pratimAjI hatA. jinAlayanI sthApanA : vi. saM. 1816 sthApita karanAra : saMghavI jhaveracaMda phatecaMda kIkAbhAI. jIrNoddhAra sthApanA : vi. sa. 2043, vaizAkha suda-6. jIrNoddhAra karAvanAra : zrI azvinabhAI zAMtilAla saMghavI. jIrNoddhAra nizrAdAtA : amArA kuLadIpaka - parama pUjya AcArya zrI vijaya caMdrodayasUrizvarajI mahArAja, parama pUjya AcArya zrI vijaya azokacaMdrasUrizvarajI mahArAja, parama pUjya AcArya zrI somacaMdra vijayajI gaNI mahArAja Adi tathA parama pUjya sAdhvIjI zrI yazasvinIzrIjI mahArAja sAheba vizeSa: sphaTika (ratna)nA 8" IMcanA -2 pratimAjI 370 varSa prAcIna che. 9" IMcanA pASANanA zrI gautamasvAmIjI cAMdInA 2 pratimAjI, 5 siddhacakra dhAtunA, 10 pratimAjI, 1 siddhacakra. viziSTa itihAsa : mUlanAyakanI aMjanazalAkA vi.sa. 1584, jeTha suda13nA zrI jinamANijyasUri karAvela che. prabhAvaka zrI suvidhinAthajI paMcatIrthInI aMjanazalAkA tapAgacchIya dAna vijaya gaNIe tathA pArzvanAthajInI aMjanavidhi zrI uttamavijayajI gaNIe karela che. daherAsara baMdhAvanAranI AThamI peDhIe eTale ke zrI azvinabhAI zAMtilAla saMghavIe ghara tathA daherAsarajIno AmUlacUla jIrNoddhAra karAvI, prAcIna daherAsaranI lAkaDAnI tamAma kalAkArIgarI - gabhAro, chata, daravAjA vagere enA e ja svarUpe mULasthAne pharI goThavela che. hAla navamI peDhI bhakti kare che.

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jenAM svAmI, cAra suputro, putravadhU, pautra-pautrI saMyamaghara banyA evA parama pAvanIya tIrthasvarUpa mA kamaLA